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More CollegeJUCO
Miles Community College basketball teams earn late-season sweep at Williston State
By: Montana Sports
Posted at 10:26 AM, Feb 18, 2020
(Editor's note: Miles Community College media releases)
WILLISTON, N.D. -- The Miles Community College men's and women's basketball teams earned a crucial late-season sweep at Williston State on Monday. The MCC women stayed in a tie for the top spot in the MonDak Conference with a 75-60 win, while the MCC men rallied for an 80-73 victory to remain tied for second in the conference standings.
Miles Community College women 75, Williston State 60
Sophomore point guard Binta Salawu scored 27 points and Kate Golovkina contributed 14 and the MCC women stayed in a tie for the top spot of the MonDak Conference standings and a chance to host the Region 13 Playoffs with a 75-60 win over Williston State. Golovkina was filling in for injured Lili Long, who sprained her ankle on Thursday against Dakota College-Bottineau.
The Pioneers bolted to a 13-0 lead four minutes into the game and led 21-9 after one quarter. Williston State chipped away in the second and third quarters, cutting the lead to one point midway through the third quarter before MCC pulled away in the fourth. Olyvia Pacheco led MCC on the boards with 11 as the Pioneers out-rebounded the Tetons 43-41. Pachecho, Claire Borot and KP Hoffman each scored nine points in the victory. MCC shot 40 percent from the field but only 24 percent from the 3-point line (5 of 21). Williston connected on 37 percent of its field goal attempts and was 7 of 13 from the 3-point line. The Pioneer defense forced 19 Teton turnovers and turned that into 20 points.
Williston State was led by Gabriella Capasso with 17 points while Grace Lupumba hauled in 17 rebounds.
The Pioneers will travel to Glendive on Thursday night to take on Dawson Community College and will continue to try to defend last year's league title.
Miles Community College men 80, Williston State 73
Sophomore forwards Gedeon Buzangu and Issac Abergut combinded for 34 points and 26 rebounds on Monday night as MCC rallied from an early 16-2 hole for an 80-73 MonDak Conference victory at The Well against Williston State. Favour Chukwukelu led the Pioneers in scoring with 21 points of 7-of-13 shooting, including a 5-of-6 effort from 3-point range, and Jayvon Lewis led the team with six assists.
The Pioneers remained tied for second in conference standings (9-3 MonDak, 17-10 overall).
The Pioneers shot 49 percent from the field for the game after the cold start and hit 5 of 10 3s in the second half as they outscored the Tetons 45-35 in the second half. The Pioneer defense held Williston to just 33 percent shooting on the game (25 of 74 from the floor, 10 of 30 on 3s). MCC held a huge edge on the boards, 50-31, to help overcome 20 turnovers. Both teams shot well from the free throw line as the Pioneers finished 12 of 14 and the Tetons were 13 of 14. The game saw eight ties and 11 lead changes.
The Tetons were led by Shae Linton-Brown with 24 points and Jonathan Komagum with 18 points and nine rebounds in the loss. The Tetons fell to 4-8 MonDak and 13-14 overall.
The Pioneers will head to Glendive on Thursday to play league-leading Dawson at 7:30 p.m.


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The privacy implications of COVID-19 tracking technology
Using location tracking data could accelerate the resolution of this pandemic by prioritising the health of the population, whilst also allowing the economy to function.
By Eloise Bevan, Innovation Funding Consultant at ABGI-UK
GPS and location data from individuals' smartphones is currently being tracked by some countries impacted by COVID-19. The historic movements of the population with diagnosed COVID-19 are analysed, and real-time movements are tracked in order to monitor transmission. The data can also be used to identify hotspots and notify people who have come into contact with a carrier to quarantine themselves.
Using location tracking data could accelerate the resolution of this pandemic by prioritising the health of the population, whilst also allowing the economy to function. However, there is a concern about data privacy for the individuals whose data is used to track the spread of coronavirus. Once the coronavirus pandemic is over, the increased technological surveillance data could be used by governments to track down activists, human rights defenders, journalists or even opposition figures.
This being said, different countries have taken different approaches in using data for fighting COVID-19; some countries have made it a legal right to access the information of a patient, some of the entire population, some only with the individual's consent.
Israel and South Korea have given its security agencies the power to track the mobile data of people suspected of having coronavirus, with South Korea's government even explicitly acknowledging the intrusive nature of the tools being used. These nations are using the data to force suspected carriers into quarantine and warn people who have come in to contact with them.
The stronger actions imposed stem from the countries' previous encounter with a deadly virus. In 2015 the Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus migrated from the Arabian Peninsula to the Republic of Korea. In the aftermath of the relatively low (in comparison to COVID-19) 186 cases and 36 deaths, legal changes were made to the country's infections Disease Control and Prevention Act, giving the Minister of Health the "legal authority to collect private data, without a warrant, from both already confirmed and potential patients". Because of this, the travel histories of confirmed COVID-19 patients are published, and South Koreans check these maps to monitor any encounters they may have had on a daily basis.
What's interesting, is that South Korea – with a population of 51 million – has experienced a successful Wave-1 battle with Coronavirus: a total of 10,810 cases and 256 deaths being officially recorded. This has been attributed to the use of tracking data, alongside very high testing rates.
However, the publicly available data of infected individuals and the continuous collection and possible long-term storage of this data has raised privacy concerns. In addition to the possible use of this data beyond COVID-19 and the associated security risks, data trails of infected individuals have been so detailed that individuals could be identifiable. This could create a social stigma of the infected and dissuade some infected people from coming forward to get tested. However, in a 1,000-person survey published in February 2020, most respondents supported the government sharing travel details of people with COVID-19 with preference to "the public good over individual rights".
In light of the benefits contact tracing can have by utilising the technologies now available to us, 30 countries are now building tracing apps. In order to protect data privacy, it is imperative that the associated software does not allow for the identification of an individual, does not breach privacy rights, and if personal details are taken, these are taken with consent and are not stored for extended periods of time.
It is highly unlikely the COVID-19 virus is going to go away anytime soon, and with a vaccine far on the horizon, the proven method of contact tracing to minimise transmission is a promising technique to implement, whilst striving for a revitalisation of global economies. As long as existing privacy right policies are adhered to and new policies regarding the collection, use and storage are created to protect these.
In the third and final part in our mini-series on Technological advances in the COVID-19 crisis, we'll take a closer look at the NHS COVID-19 Contact Tracing App, to find out what the UK plans to do with the collected data.

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Anyone who has ever suffered from inflamed tonsils or tonsillitis knows very well how annoying these can become. And if you are reading this because it is the first time you have this condition and you do not know what to do, you do not need to look for more.
What is tonsils and adenoids removal?
Why do the tonsils become inflamed?
The tonsils are lymph nodes that are found at the back of the mouth and in the upper part of the throat. Normally it has always been removed, especially when the inflammation affected small children, but in recent times has begun to dispense with this practice as they begin to assess the benefits of the tonsils to the body.
Tonsils are necessary because they eliminate bacteria and other harmful microorganisms, thus preventing infections and diseases. However, tonsillitis, also known as angina, occurs precisely because of a virus spread by a foreign element that comes through the air or through direct contact. This infection can affect one or both tonsils.
Approximately in 40% of cases, this infection usually lasts between two and three days although it depends on the treatment and the level of severity that exists. There are patients who have had symptoms for a week.
There are some basic symptoms to pay attention to determine if we are suffering from tonsillitis although, ultimately, you should always go to the doctor to make a more accurate diagnosis.
Earache as inflammation extends to the auditory system. This symptom does not have to appear.
Tiredness and headache with the feeling of being dull.
Here are some home remedies to combat the discomfort caused by inflammation of the tonsils.
Garlic for tonsils garlic of one of the natural products with more bactericidal properties, so its use as an antibiotic is very effective in cases of infections and inflammations.
In this case, to reduce the inflammation that causes tonsillitis, it is recommended to eat a clove of garlic fasting with a glass of water.
Another remedy for inflamed tonsils is to make a syrup based on garlic and honey . In this way, we were able to combine the antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties of garlic with the benefits of honey, which resulted in pain relief, mucus reduction and the avoidance of discomfort caused by the infection.
The way to make this syrup is to crush a clove of raw garlic and mix it with a spoonful of honey . You have to take a spoonful on an empty stomach that can be diluted in half a glass of warm water to make it easier.
The mixture of these two ingredients results in a powerful antibacterial, that is, a more than effective remedy to fight infection of the tonsils.
What you have to do is make juice of a lemon, add a glass of water to reduce it and then take a teaspoon of baking soda. The mixture is thoroughly stirred and used to gargle five times a day.
In this case, the remedy is very similar to the previous one since we continue to take advantage of the properties of the lemon only by mixing it with salt instead of baking soda, an alternative if at home you do not have the latter.
Chamomile and sage for tonsils and adenoids removal the previous remedies are too unpleasant or the lemon is too strong, you can resort to these medicinal plants with a milder flavor but identical efficacy because they are also bactericidal and antiseptic.
To use this remedy you have to take 15 grams of chamomile and 15 leaves of sage and make approximately one liter of infusion. After boiling it, let it rest for about ten minutes. This infusion must be taken four times a day in small sips and never too hot.
Oregano for sore throatOregano is not only a great antiseptic but also has anti-inflammatory properties, something that comes very well in the case of tonsillitis. It is one of the simplest remedies because you simply have to put a teaspoon of oregano in a cup of hot water and let it rest . After straining it, it can be taken as an infusion or used to gargle throughout the day.
The infusion of thyme and lemon helps strengthen the immune system, which makes the body better able to respond to the attack of viruses and bacteria.
Drinking this tea relieves irritation of the throat, reduces inflammation of the tonsils and alleviates symptoms such as excess production of mucus.
To do this, you have to put a cup of water on the fire and once it starts to boil, add a tablespoon of thyme and juice of half a lemon . After letting the drink rest, strain it and sweeten it with a little honey. It can be taken up to twice a day.
Calendula and honey tea is another of those mixtures of natural products that are very effective in fighting the infection of the tonsils: it is anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antibiotic, so we will not need to combine it with any other remedy.
To do this we have to add a spoonful of calendula flowers to a cup of boiling water and add honey afterwards . After letting it rest for a few minutes, the mixture is strained and the result is gargled for two minutes. This treatment must be done twice a day.
Rosemary is another essential plant in diseases such as tonsillitis. It is antiseptic, relieves pain, reduces inflammation, eliminates infection … so it is one of the most complete natural products to treat the discomfort of inflamed tonsils.
The development of this remedy involves some steps more than the previous ones but it is worth it. Put half a cup of white wine, two tablespoons of honey and two sprigs of rosemary on the fire . Let it boil and then the result sneaks in and gargle with it three times a day. The liquid should be at most warm, never hot.
This mixture has natural acids that contribute to alter the environment in which microorganisms proliferate, which not only prevents infections from occurring but also slows down those that do not develop.
The recipe is as simple as adding a tablespoon of apple cider vinegar and a spoonful of honey to a glass of hot water and sipping it when it is still hot, without letting it cool down as it would lose its effect.
The mixture of these two components helps to eliminate the presence of bacteria in the mouth, responsible for causing not only tonsillitis but other diseases. In addition to facilitating the elimination of germs, they also have anti-inflammatory effects.


My friends for Yorkshire arrived and I want to make something special for them.
Sometimes they stay here one month and I think they miss their native Yorkshire.
The Yorkshire dales - absolutely beautiful picture as I have seen some years ago and still remember.
I found an advertizing magazine with a amazing cover.
Gather some fabrics and began cut and build a picture.
I like these moments when looking for the proper color and shape.
Especially adore cutting and sewing wavy lines. I have found how to do this 3 years ago from Alicia Merrett tutorial.
I have began with the stone hedge, then grass, trees and follow the picture.
After some hours I have the following result.
You might ask for a picture with quilting?
I have finished but it is too late to take a good picture, so wait till tommorow.
I have designed another nautical and marine line cushion.
Here are the first three. The blocks are 10 inches square.
I intend to frame the blocks with a tiny white frame and then add wide checked or grey one.
Still thinking about the best decision.
I like much more the last light house with two different windows. What about you?
They are available in my ETSY and CRAFTSY shops.
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Michael Dean: Now Leaves
ABC-DEAN
'NOW LEAVES describes leaving and having left. Glossolalia like, against noise, about the bones of a writing, written in tongue graphics legible by reason of the trees with as many words as there are leaves. The percussion of these leaves is f***ing news. The percussion of these leaves is not his news. The percussion of these leaves is not her news. The percussion of these leaves is definitely not their news.'
– Michael Dean
NOW LEAVES presents itself as a block. Physically it adopts the scale of a human hand, its weight present, its structure flexible, almost human. The pages fall loosely apart to reveal dense black graphics – letters shaped as tongues, twisted to form barely legible words. Each page inscribed, playing on repetition, the word 'leaves' repeatedly tongued. The successive pages form statements, occasionally benign – it starts LEAVES FOR LEAVES – but as the pages turn a more visceral violence exudes from the pages – SLAVE LEAVES HAPPY LEAVES, FUCKING LEAVES LOST LEAVES KILL LEAVES, BLOODY LEAVES POSITION LEAVES. Whilst visually arresting, the experience of reading Dean's book reduces reading to the physical intimacy of your own mouth; as you to attempt to read the barely decipherable words to take pleasure in the babble, you feel your eyes contort as your own tongue does trying to shape the words, tempted to twist, stretch or replicate the graphic tonguing on the page.
Dean's work is often concerned with the play of legibility through the creation of private lexicons. The relation between spoken word performance and its graphic representation, often in the form of private, personal and self-made typefaces, is one key to his work. The otherwise mute objects are inscribed, via clues, or fragments of lettering, with a personalised form of writing, which gives the opportunity of animating the artwork. Here the book operates as a form of sculpture, inscribed with both a personal and bodily form, to be read, spoken or carefully deciphered.
NOW LEAVES is co published by Book Works and Wysing Arts Centre in association with de Appel Arts Centre, Amsterdam and Extra City Kunsthal, Antwerp, with additional support from Herald St., London, Supportico Lopez, Berlin and MendesWood DM, São Paulo, as part of the Co-Series, No. 8. Edition of 1,000 copies, with a soft cover. 640pp, black and white throughout, with a loose-leaf colour insert. Concept by Michael Dean, production by Fraser Muggeridge Studio.
Michael Dean was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, 1977. Solo exhibitions include: The Introduction of Muscle, Arnolfini, Bristol (2013); thoughts Cubitt, London (2012); Government, Henry Moore Institute, Leeds (2012); State of being apart, Kunstverein Freiburg, Germany (2011); Our Daily Permanence, Nomas Foundation, Rome (2010). He is currently showing new work Qualities of Violence at de Appel Arts Centre, Amsterdam, 24 January – 8 March 2015, and has a forthcoming show at Extra City Kuntshal, Antwerp in March. In the autumn of 2013 he was in-residence at Wysing Arts Centre and in 2014 was awarded a Paul Hamlyn Foundation Award for Visual Artist.
640pp, black and white, 168 x 120 mm.
Michael Dean
BALTIC Artists' Book Collection (by appointment), Artist (relating to a single artist/collaborative team), Artists' Books
Shane Waltener
Jean-Francois Guillon
Dieter Kiessling
Sandro Chia
Rebecca Fortnum
Antoine Poncet
Hilary Wilson
David Hepher
Eddie Peake: The Forever Loop (2015)
Bloomberg New Contemporaries 2018 (2018)
Navigating North: Works from the Wihuri Foundation Collection (2019)
Desire Lines: The Public Art of Tess Jaray (2016)
Hew Locke: Here's the Thing (2019)


Election to the League and final non-league season.
Arsenal results in European competitions.
* Two points deducted for bringing the game into disrepute following a mass brawl of players in the Manchester United v Arsenal fixture on 20th October - full details.
Which now demolished Football League ground had three traditional floodlight pylons and then this one, attached to the top of a stand?


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Long Discusses Impact of New Cuba Policy
Dr. Adam Long, director of the Hemingway-Pfeiffer Museum and Educational Center in Piggott, was interviewed by the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette regarding scholarly interest and tourism potential related to Ernest Hemingway's home near Havana, Cuba. Previously, Long led a People to People educational tour to Cuba and Finca Vigia, where the novelist lived and worked from 1939 to 1960. The island nation will be much more accessible if the U.S. normalizes relations with Cuba.
McKinney to Research Nursing Retention Rates
Brinda McKinney, clinical instructor and RN-BSN coordinator in the School of Nursing, has received a grant from Academic Partnerships (AP) for research into the impact and effectiveness of online learning. She is one of nine researchers at seven universities selected to receive the grants, part of AP's commitment to supporting research by partner university faculty members and developing a better understanding of the effect of online learning.
Twelve Faculty Featured
In case you missed the email during the winter break, two editions of Inside A-State, distributed on Dec. 23 and Dec. 30, included a total of 12 Distinguished Faculty items. These editions and others are available in the Inside A-State archive.
More Distinguished Faculty
Five more recently designated Distinguished Faculty are highlighted in this edition of Inside A-State. The Faculty Association named 31 new Distinguished Faculty in December in continuation of a practice begun during the university centennial.
Charles Carr Wrote Book on Wartime Experience
Charles R. Carr, Ph.D., joined the faculty in 1975 and served for 37 years, including an amazing three decades as department chair in English and Philosophy. Before his retirement as professor of philosophy in 2012, he published a book about his wartime experience, Two One Pony: An American Soldier's Year in Vietnam, 1969, a personal narrative of a reluctant mechanized infantryman in the Mekong Delta.
Tom Bishop Promoted Math Education
During a 32-year career beginning in 1970, Thomas D. Bishop, Ed.D., taught mathematics. To help promote better math education, he helped organize the Northeast Council of Teachers of Mathematics, served as president of the Arkansas Council of Teachers of Mathematics and in 1980 co-directed a federal grant that provided professional development in technology for secondary teachers. He retired as professor of mathematics.
Larry Ball Gave Voice to Arkansas State
While his fifth book was published just last spring by the University of Oklahoma Press, the story of notorious gunman Tom Horn was just the latest volume on the Old West by Larry D. Ball, Ph.D. He retired as professor of history in 2001 after a 31-year career at A-State. In 1984, Ball co-authored "Voices from State: An Oral History of Arkansas State University," written in celebration of the institution's 75th anniversary.
Don Wright Knew Business of Education
Donald E. Wright, Ed.D., joined the College of Education faculty in 1970 and worked closely with area school on curriculum and administrative issues. He directed the Office of Educational Research and Services for seven years, and then served in Academic Affairs and Research as associate vice president to work on university accreditation. He retired in 1997 with 27 years of service.
Tom Parsons's Students Made Concrete Float
Thomas J. Parsons, Ph.D., was in labs and classrooms for 30 years, from 1984 to 2014, before retiring as professor of engineering. Pushing his students to have some fun while they learned, he was instrumental in guiding them to frequent victories in the annual concrete canoe and bridge-building competitions with engineering programs from Mid-South universities. Parsons also researched concrete quality for the state Highway Department.


The A to Z list of support services is updated regularly and can help signpost services to support you or those you are caring for.
Know the Score is a young people's drug and alcohol service for under 19s who use drugs or alcohol themselves, have a friend or family member who uses drugs and alcohol or who want to find out more information about drugs and alcohol.
Providing community-based drug and alcohol services across Doncaster and Rotherham. In Doncaster, they work in partnership with Doncaster Alcohol Services (DAS) and with the Alcohol and Drug Service (ADS).
Project 3 work with young people aged 18 years and under who need advice information, help, support and intervention around Drugs, Alcohol and Legal Highs, Sexual Health and Contraception, Stopping Smoking and Hidden Harm Support.
For help, information and support for adults (aged 18 and over) with issues about their or another adult's legal high use.
For help, information and support for young people (aged under 18) with issues about their or another young person's legal high use.


The basic principle behind the RVI is simple - prices tend to close higher than they open in up-trending markets and close lower than they open in down-trending markets. The energy (vigor) of the move is thereby established by where the prices end up at the close. The RVI is essentially based on the measure of the average difference between the close and open, normalized to the average daily trading range. The end result is a responsive oscillator with crisp turning points that is basically in phase with the cyclic component of market prices.
The Relative Vigor Index is a unique indicator. The basic method of interpreting the RVI is to use the crossovers of the RVI and the RVI Signal Line. A buy signal occurs when the RVI crosses above the RVI Signal Line and a sell signal occurs when the RVI crosses below the RVI Signal Line.


In this video you will see Jason, the National Lead: Accessibility and Assistive Technology at the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB), discuss his career history, the obstacles he faced advancing his career and how he overcame them.
1. Please state your name and job title?
Jason: My name is Jason Fayre and I work as National Lead: Accessibility and Assistive Technology for the CNIB which is the Canadian National Institute for the Blind.
2. Please describe your current employment.
Jason: I've been in this role since July of 2014. My job consists of supporting all of our staff across the country who use assistive technologies mainly JAWS and braille displays, some Zoom Text. And so, I'm the point of contact for support if they have issues with any of the systems that we use across the CNIB. I also evaluate any new system that we are going to deploy across the organization to make sure that it's accessible and to come up with solutions if it's maybe not as accessible as it should be.
3. What other jobs have you had?
Jason: Prior to my current position I held several roles. So, in 1997- I'm Canadian, I was born in Canada but in 1997, I moved to the U.S, the United States, to work in Silicon Valley which is in northern California near San Jose, San Francisco area, working for a company called Arkenstone, (Inc.) who developed optical character recognition systems for blind people. I did technical support for them.
After that I worked for Sun Microsystems, (Inc.), also in Silicon Valley. I worked for them for about five years. And then in 2004 I moved to Colorado to work for the Colorado Center for the Blind which is a training center, an independence training center for blind adults. In 2010, I moved back to Canada and for several years I worked for Freedom Scientific (LLC) now VFO Group, who is the company who makes JAWS, the screen-reading software.
4. At what age did you begin to work (for pay or as a volunteer)?
Jason: I started work fairly young. My first job was when I was around 16 years old, I worked during the summer for the Manitoba Department of Education. As a trainer I taught much younger kids how to use computers-- at the time they were apple 2, very old apple 2 machines, but that was my first job.
My first full-time job was after I graduated I worked for an internet provider for a couple years doing technical support.
5. Could you describe the nature of your visual impairment.
Jason: I am totally blind and have been since birth. I have little bit of light perception in one eye, my left eye. My eye condition is what's called ROP, Retinopathy of prematurity.
6. What have been the biggest obstacles or challenges you encountered finding or advancing in your career?
Jason: I would say the biggest obstacle or challenge that I've found in looking for jobs is frankly people's attitudes. I think people don't understand blindness, a lot of people are very scared by it.
I think the way that I've been able to overcome that is just by being as competent and confident as I possibly can be without being arrogant. A good example of that is when I was going to go work for Sun Microsystems (Inc.). I had a pretty good idea of the products I was going to be asked to work with and support. Because when I worked for Sun my job had nothing to do with blindness, it was supporting mainstream server products. So, I made it a point to learn absolutely everything I could possibly learn about these products. I read manuals cover to cover. I mean who does that? I read the manuals, I read online articles, I read support forum discussions, I read as much as I can possibly do. And so, when I went into that interview, I was able to speak confidently about the products. I was able to speak from a position of knowledge and I think I was able to have the employers sort of look past the blind person to the person that was capable of doing the job. And I ended up getting that job.


Jeremy joined the Community Research Institute in 2006 as a GIS Specialist where he specializes in demographic mapping, GIS data analysis, address level datasets, federal datasets, data management, project management and Open Source GIS. Jeremy is the project manager for the CRI MAPAS site that was launched in 2008 and is actively involved in all data content utilized in CRI interactive tools and projects. His experience in mapping and content has helped frame how CRI disseminates data to the West Michigan community. In 2008 he was co-author of a published paper titled "The Brain Drain Wars: Characteristics of Recent Movers into and out of Michigan" using American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Samples. Currently, he teaches the GIS in public service course in the MPA program at Grand Valley State University and conducts community training sessions on public web-based data sources and tools.
Growing up in northern Kent County he has a strong knowledge of the West Michigan area calling this area his home for more than 30 years.
Jeremy holds a Masters of Public Administration degree (MPA) with a focus on Urban and Regional Affairs and a B.S. in Geography both from Grand Valley State University.


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Ро́ман Ты́це (; 7 мая 1977, Роуднице-над-Лабем, ЧССР) — чешский футболист, ныне тренер молодёжного состава немецкого ФК «Унтерхахинг».

Карьера

Клубная
Уроженец Роуднице-над-Лабем, Тыце с детства жил в деревне Чернив, в 13 лет поступил в футбольную школу пражской «Спарты». В первой чешской лиге он перешёл в либерецкий «Слован», в 1998 году заключил контракт с ннемецким клубом «Мюнхен 1860» где выступал до 2007 года. В мае 2005 года, в самом конце сезона он получил разрыв крестообразных связок в колене, но отказался разрывать контракт с клубом и продлил его до середины 2006 года. 19 марта 2006 случился рецидив травмы, но Тыце продлил в июне контракт ещё на год. Несмотря на это, в состав клуба он перестал попадать и в межсезонье 2007/08 перешёл в немецкий «Унтерхахинг», игравший в третьей Бундеслиге. В сезоне 2008/009 он забил 4 гола в 26 играх, а в следующем сезоне провёл только 18 встреч и забил 1 гол, остальные игры он пропустил из-за травмы. После сезона 2010/11 завершил карьеру.

В сборной
В молодёжной сборной он выступал с 1996 по 2000 годы и провёл 26 встреч. В основной сборной он выступал с 1999 по 2005 годы, сыграл на одну встречу меньше, но отметился забитым голом. Как игрок сборной стал бронзовым призёром Евро-2004.

Тренерская
В ходе сезона 2010/11 Тыце занимался в спортивной школе на тренерских курсах. 10 мая 2011 он получил лицензию тренера. С сезона 2011/12 работает тренером молодёжного состава «Унтерхахинга» и помощником главного тренера Хайко Херрлиха.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Профиль на сайте fotbal.idnes.cz
 Профиль на сайте Чешскоморавского футбольного союза

Футболисты Чехии
Игроки сборной Чехии по футболу (до 21 года)
Игроки сборной Чехии по футболу
Футболисты на летних Олимпийских играх 2000 года
Игроки ФК «Спарта» Прага
Игроки ФК «Слован» Либерец
Игроки ФК «Мюнхен 1860»
Футбольные тренеры Чехии

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Home Apps Instagram News Social Media Teens Instagram Launches 'Quiet Mode' and Other New Options to Improve In-App Experience
Instagram is rolling out three new functionalities to the app. These include Quiet Mode, the ability to hide recommendations, and new control options for parents.
The Quiet Mode is designed to enable users to take a break from the app by switching off all notifications and enabling the auto responding system in DMs. Enabling the option will also add a 'quiet mode' notifier to users' profile status. The Quiet Mode time can be manually customized. Instagram also adds that after the functionality is turned off, a summary of notifications will be provided to users to let them know what they missed.
According to Instagram, the Quiet Mode feature was created after teen users on the app reported that they were looking for ways to focus, such as at night, during study hours, and at school. Therefore, while all users will be able to use the Quiet Mode, teens in particular will be prompted to try the functionality when Instagram detects that they may be spending excessive time on the app.
Next, a new content control option will let users hide recommended posts in the app using words, emojis or hashtags. This will mute the selected topics from users' recommendations and Explore listings. The option will be available in the form of a message displayed when a user hides a recommend post, saying 'Don't suggest posts with certain words.' Users can either tap on the message to activate the functionality or access it directly in Privacy settings within the Hidden Words section.
Lastly, the new parent control option is being added to the Family Center in the app to help parents monitor their kids' activities on the platform. More specifically, parents will be able to view their children's Instagram settings, including privacy and account settings. "If their teen updates a setting, parents will receive a notification so they can talk to their teen about the change," explains Instagram. In addition to that, parents will also be able to see the accounts their child blocks.
Instagram Launches 'Quiet Mode' and Other New Options to Improve In-App Experience
Published by Ushna Arif Saturday, January 21, 2023
Apps Instagram News Social Media Teens


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Novel Quantitative Approach in Functional and Structural Imaging of Brain in Normal Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Part II. Clinical Applications of Positron Emission Tomography
Chetsadaporn Promteangtrong Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Marcus Kolber Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Priya Ramchandra Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Ahmad Rajaa Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Sina Houshmand Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Thomas J. Wernera Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Manouchehr Seyedi Vafaee Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Alireza Majdi Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Abbas Alavi Department of Radiology, Divisions of Nuclear Medicine and Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Aging results in measurable alterations in brain anatomy and function. Several theories about the origins of brain aging have been developed. Inflammation, replicative senescence, continuous shortening of chromosomes (telomere theory), and oxidative stress, are amongst factors affecting life span. Also, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders. As a highly prevalent health problem, the accurate identification of these disorders is challenging. Modern functional and structural imaging such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) might allow investigators to better understand pathophysiologic changes in AD and PD. However, these technics have several flaws which limit their use in clinical settings. Here, we deep dive into the existing and novel quantitative approaches of PET imaging for normal aging and its applications in neurodegenerative disorders such as AD and PD.


When you just MIGHT have gone overboard!
One Dog Shy of Crazy T-shirt comes in two styles. The first is a Pawprint (shown). The second has a dog (shown). You'll need to choose which style you like best.
Shown on a Women's Antique Cherry Red with white print and SILVER GLITTER.


I've been making lots of feminist, analysing posts in the past few weeks, which is really unusual for me 😛 so I'm reverting to my usual narcissism with this latest post. I wrote it some years ago, it was posted as a note on my fb but never managed to make it here. Hope you… Continue reading Incongruity.
Losing myself in the quiet silence of my loneliness. I love this quiet – I am comfortable with this silence, with this quiet awareness of myself. And the time is invaluable for self-recovery. An upheaval is taking place in my mindset, but it is moving slowly – each object lifted and moved with quiet precision… Continue reading deeper introspection.


Ok so ive decided to try taking prenatles and doing the temp thing but where do i begin im sorry im new at terms and temping howdoes it work and where do you get the stuff to do it with and when do you temp?ugh and what temp means you are ovulating? please help!!!!
Downbutnotout described it pretty well... I too am an AVID Fertility friend dot com user! I LOVE It!!! :-) I went to other sites but found this to be the most helpful and informative. Of course, along with this forum. haha! I have purchased a basal body them. that reads to the 1/100th degree at CVS. It was like nine dollars or something. I have a notepad for every month that sits on my nightstand. At 5:30am when the alarm goes off, I read my hand over and take my temp before I do ANYTHING. I barely even move, unless I'm scooting up the bed to reach it. LOL I lay back down and wait until it beeps and when it does I use my cell phone as a light so I don't turn on my table lamp and I write down the temp next to the date and I fall back asleep. :-) Not too difficult. DH has really gotten into it too. It's like he KNOWS when I'm getting ready to O. He all the sudden starts asking me what my temp is and how is that in relation to the rest of my temps for the month, blah, blah, blah. :-) Good luck!!!
You should buy a basal body thermometer, they are designed for this exact purpose and are therefore more accurate and they are meant to be used daily. You basal temperature is basically your resting temperature so you have to take it in the morning before doing anything. Before getting up, before speaking, any action can raise your basal temp so you should stay in bad and take it. You also should take it atthe same time everyday as different times may cause a fluctuation in your temp. If you get a basal body thermometer, it will save your temp in memory so you can go back to sleep and then check it at any time during the day. You can get them at any drugstore. i got mine at Target. You start temping on the first day you get your period. That is cycle day one. During your period your temps might fluctuate alot but should even out by the end of it. Your bbt will be low befoer you O and at O you may see a dip in your temp (not always) then it goes up higher than it has been before. When it stays elevated for more than three days, you can safely a__sume that you Ovulated!! It is the only sure way to tell when you O. Combining temping with other signs, Cervical fluid and position, etc, will give you a very clear picture of your cycles and will help you know when the best time to have s_x is for you! If you go to fertilityfriendd.com/home/dabonk (remove any dashes that appear in that) you can view my charts. Fertility friend is a great website and can help you get started temping at no charge!
*Remove that extra "d" in friend!! I think I was typing at the same time as Meg so you got lots of similar info!! Sorry!!
hey Megs, your BBT should save the temp on there so you don't have to write it down. You can just put the thermometer aside and look at it when you get up. Mine works by holding the bottun to turn it on. If I do that the last temp it took is still on there!


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DIASPORAHEALTH
US FDA approves drug developed by Indian-American's firm
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a drug manufactured by the Virginia-based Sarfez Pharmaceuticals, which is owned by Indian-American Salim Shah, a media report said.
According to the company, the drug called SoanzXR "provides a new treatment option to people suffering from heart failure who experience persistent edema, swelling in the lower limbs and abdomen, despite a loop diuretic therapy, as well as patients with chronic kidney disease", the American Bazaar media outlet reported.
Speaking the outlet on Monday, Shah said drug will hit the market in a couple of months.
He added that the drug received the FDA approval on June 17 after the company had applied for the green-light in 2019.
Clinical trials had commenced last year.
"Soaanz is specifically formulated to reduce excessive urination in heart failure patients," Shah, a resident of Vienna, Virginia, told the American Bazaar.
"We believe that for many of these patients who are aged 65 and older, the new treatment option now approved by the FDA offers tremendous benefits."
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, heart failure affects nearly 1.8 per cent of the country's population, or about 5.7 million Americans.
ksk/
Meghalaya CM test positive for Covid-19
Jaishankar gets envoys to US, Canada cracking on death of 4 Indians being smuggled
Covid scare: University of Hyderabad tells students to go home
Bihar man carries away wife's body on shoulder as hospital denies ambulance


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Go MagazineGoGo BeyondSoutheastTravelUnited states
Hit the Road: An RV Adventure Along Florida's Atlantic Coast
by Kristy Tolley February 19, 2021
By Kristy Tolley
While COVID-19 hit the pause button on travel last year, it also compelled many to think outside the hotel room for their next adventure. The thought of RVing — especially down the Atlantic Coast of Florida — has lured me for years. However, the expense, upkeep and lack of space in our driveway for an RV are detractions I haven't been able to overcome. Outdoorsy, the Airbnb of RVs, was an ideal solution for our Florida RV odyssey. In addition, our RV accommodations allowed for ample social distancing, making it perfect for pandemic travel. Each RV owner met us (masked) at each campground, explained the particulars and handed over the keys. It was simple! AAA Members receive a 10 percent discount on RV rentals with Outdoorsy.
Historic Coast
We began our road trip in St. Augustine. Our home base was 30-acre North Beach Camp Resort, situated on a barrier island between the North River and the Atlantic Ocean. Campsites are tucked between large oaks and palmettos, offering an intimate and shaded setting for campers.
Spend your day on the beach— soaking up rays, riding the waves or combing the sand for shark teeth (we found several on North Beach). Exploring St. Augustine's historic gems is a must. It's our nation's oldest city, predating Jamestown by more than 41 years, so there's plenty to see. Old Town Trolley Tours makes it easy with unlimited hop on/hop off privileges at 22 points of interest. Guides share St. Augustine's history and fascinating facts along the way. Trolleys are sanitized between tours and plexiglass divides each row of seats. In addition, each row is limited to one family or group traveling together.
There are three attractions located at the depot where you purchase your ticket and board the trolley. The historic Old Jail served St. Augustine for more than 60 years. It was built by Henry Flagler, who wanted to keep the city's "criminal element" away from guests of his Ponce de Leon Hotel. Take in the new-fangled products of the turn of the century like tonics, (now vintage) farm equipment and a goat-powered washing machine at the Oldest Store Museum. The St. Augustine History Museum provides insight into the people who shaped St. Augustine through displays, authentic artifacts and replicas.
During our tour, we hopped off at the Potter's Wax Museum. It's housed in what was formerly Florida's first drugstore, operated by T.W. Speissegger and his two sons. The museum lobby is lined with glass cases teeming with actual artifacts left behind when the Speissegger sons walked away from the family business. George Potter took over the building in 1949. Inspired by a visit to London's Madame Tussauds as a child, Potter wanted to create a similar experience here and opened the first wax museum in America. More than 150 realistic-looking wax figures fill the space and most of them are from Potter's original collection.
St. Augustine Lighthouse & Maritime Museum
Other stops along the trolley route well worth visiting include the Lightner Museum, the Villa Zorayda Museum, Castillo de San Marcos, Whetstones Chocolates' factory and the Oldest House Museum Complex.
If ghost hunting is your thing, consider an evening ghost tour with Ancient City Tours. In addition to learning the haunted history of local landmarks, we participated in a paranormal investigation at the Oldest Wooden School House using dowsing rods and various handheld monitoring devices.
Don't miss a visit to the St. Augustine Lighthouse & Maritime Museum where you can soak up more than 500 years of maritime history. The spectacular view of Matanzas Bay and the Atlantic Ocean is worth every one of the 219 steps it takes to reach the top.
The neighboring counties of Indian River, Martin and St. Lucie were next on our coastal road trip. Our RV was parked at Phipps Park Campground, situated along the Okeechobee Waterway. It's within a 55-acre conservation area, providing ample opportunities to enjoy nature and spy wildlife like herons, cranes, gopher tortoises and alligators.
With over 70 miles of beaches, several historic parks and preserves, outdoor opportunities abound. We plied the waterways on a stand-up paddle board eco-tour. Gliding through lush mangrove tunnels in a clear kayak is another fun way to explore by water.
Add the A.E. Backus Museum & Gallery to your list of indoor diversions. Largely self-taught, Backus was a tremendous artist known for capturing vivid Florida landscapes. As a native Floridian, he knew the nuances of the seasons well, capturing those qualities in a compelling way. His mentorship of a group of young African-American artists led to the collective later known as the Florida Highwaymen. Works by Backus and the Florida Highwaymen are permanent displays. Other exhibits rotate throughout the year.
Our final home away from home was Fiesta Key RV Resort & Marina. The resort boasts fantastic views of the Gulf of Mexico. Thatched umbrella tables and loungers lining the water beckon guests to sit back and savor the ocean breezes. The resort isn't far from Bahia Honda State Park, a blissful place to spend the day. Just $2 per person gets you in for the day. Make the most of it with shore fishing, swimming the turquoise waters or snorkeling the reefs at Looe Key. The park is also home a long-established colony of the rare Miami blue butterfly.
A sunset sail is perhaps the best way to cap off any day. You can book one at Sundance Watersports in Robbie's Marina. Peruse outdoor shops or feed the tarpons while you wait. Grab a bite before or after at The Hungry Tarpon and Bar. Bring in your fresh catch and they'll cook it for you!
My last visit to Key West was over 20 years ago, so my "to see" list was pretty extensive. My priority was the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum, as I missed it on my first trip. The Spanish colonial beauty was Hemingway's home for more than 10 years. Built by local salvage wrecker and marine architect Asa Tift in 1851, the home is a National Historic Landmark and Literary Landmark. A tour reveals an intimate look at the Nobel Prize winner's life through original furnishings, photography and various personal items. Take time to pet one of the more than 50 six-toed cats roaming the home. Some are said to have descended from a cat owned by the Hemingways.
View from Key West Shipwreck Treasure Museum
Learn more about Asa Tift and Key West's shipwreck history at the Key West Shipwreck Treasure Museum. The wrecking industry, which dates back to the 16th century, made Key West the richest city per capita in the United States in the mid-1800s when more than 100 ships passed by each day. The story is told through video, interactive exhibits and displays of authentic artifacts. Climb the museum's 65-foot-tall lookout tower for a panoramic view of Key West. Seek more treasures at the Mel Fisher Maritime Museum. Fisher spent much of his life searching for the wreck of the Nuestra Senora de Atocha. Carrying as much as 40 tons of silver, gold and other treasures, the Spanish ship perished from a hurricane in 1622. In 1980, Fisher's team discovered a portion of the wreck of Santa Margarita, Atocha's sister ship, which led to them finding the elusive Atocha wreckage. The museum holds a staggering collection of artifacts from 17th-century shipwrecks, including emeralds discovered from the Atocha that weren't included on the ship's manifest.
Key West Butterfly and Nature Conservatory
A visit to the Key West Butterfly and Nature Conservatory was akin to walking through a fairytale forest. The glass-enclosed observatory is designed to look like a Victorian greenhouse. Lush vegetation, bubbling water features, hundreds of butterflies and chirping birds flitting about — it's a very Zen-like experience.
Toast your epic Florida coast road trip with a glass of Papa's Pilar during a tour of Hemingway Rum Company. It's housed in a historic building located yards from where Hemingway used to dock his boat, the Pilar. A guided tour reveals interesting family stories, a brief history of rum and a behind-the-scenes look at the rum-making process.
BONUS CONTENT: Where to Eat
Memorable meals were plentiful during our RV adventure along the coast. Here are some of the "don't miss" restaurants we sampled during our trip!
The Reef: This oceanfront restaurant was ideally located across from our campground. The menu boasts soups, salads, appetizers and fresh seafood dishes like jumbo scallops, lobster tail, and shrimp and grits. Turf options include a New York Strip or 8 ounce filet. You'll also find delicious mains like grilled cauliflower, jambalaya, duck breast and other dishes.
Sunset Grille: The buffalo cauliflower I ordered here was the best I've had in recent memory. Tempting main dish items include chicken and waffles, ahi tuna poke bowl, seafood salad melt, a fried shrimp po' boy and other options.
Taberna Del Caballo: Located in the heart of St. Augustine, this 18th century-style Spanish inspired tavern features Latin and Spanish influenced dishes. Their guacamole is amazing. I ordered the buffalo cauliflower taco and absolutely loved it. Baja fish, cochinita pibil and carne asada are other taco options. Soups, salads, empanadas, street corn — you can't go wrong with anything you order here.
American Icon Brewery: They have a great selection of beers on tap here and the lunch menu was solid. We sampled the Icon pretzel (is anything more perfect with a pint?). The vegan black bean burger was fantastic and my husband enjoyed his stone fired pizza.
Twisted Tuna: They offer a huge variety of appetizers (conch ceviche, tuna nachos, edamame, gator bites, etc.), soups and salads. You can also order from the raw bar — peel and eat shrimp, fresh oysters and clams. Main dishes like coconut shrimp, cracked conch, tacos, a slew of sandwich options and pasta won't disappoint.
Crabby's Dockside: This popular Fort Pierce spot boasts fantastic views of the Indian River Lagoon and Fort Pierce Marina. From ahi tuna nachos and perfectly prepared calamari to pastas, tacos, hand-tossed pizzas and plentiful seafood platters, it's no wonder this is a favorite for locals and visitor alike. Save room for their award-winning key lime pie.
Fish House: A Key Largo icon since 1982, Fish House has earned shout outs from the Food Network (Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives, Food Nation with Bobby Flay and others), Travel + Leisure, Good Morning America and many other outlets. It's no wonder. They have almost every type of fresh seafood you can imagine. If you opt for the fresh catch, have it prepared Matecumbe. It's their popular house specialty — Topped with fresh tomatoes, shallots, fresh basil, capers,
olive oil and lemon juice, then baked.
Chef Michael's: This was probably one of my favorite meals during our trip. Located in Islamorada, Chef Michael's has been a fixture there for more than 20 years. The variety of selections, and the uniqueness and quality of each dish was incredible. Think daily offerings of seafood like tilefish, mutton snapper, tripletail and others. You could probably eat there every day and never repeat a meal. Highly recommended.
Santiago's Bodega: I did a search for vegan options in Key West and this popped up. Thank you, Google! This spot ranks high on my list and I'll make sure to hit it again when we return to Key West. We noshed on gazpacho, goat cheese stuffed and prosciutto wrapped dates, Brussels sprouts and portobello filled puff pastry and it was all perfect.
Half Shell Raw Bar: Locals and visitors flock here — and for good reason. It's the only seafood restaurant in Key West that owns its own fish market, so the likelihood that your fresh catch was caught just a few hours ago is pretty high. They offer daily specials on shrimp, conch fritters, Key West oysters and lots of other local fish.
(Photos: Joe Tolley and Kristy Tolley)
(Go Magazine Spring 2021)
beachcoastfloridaFlorida Keysroad tripRVSpring 21St. Augustine
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Activities During Boarding School Team Captain of Varsity Softball. Coached and played House Ultimate Frisbee. Varsity Ice Hockey.
The location of The Lawrenceville alone is enough to differentiate it from most other competitive boarding schools tucked away in New England. Nestled in a quiet town just 5 miles from Princeton, you get the experience of every other school but have quick and easy access to both Philadelphia and New York City. The campus is also stunning--landscape designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, of Central park fame. Required attendance to a religious ceremony (of any sort for learning purposes) each trimester.
I would have never been prepared for college in the same way had I not attended Lawrenceville.
I would have attended earlier and joined more clubs. I only attended my final two years of high school.
The sense of community pride is unparalleled.
Chocolate croissants at the Jigger Shop. Amazing.
The small class size and Harkness method of teaching allowed students to dive into material while having access to brilliant professors in an unintimidating environment. The diversity and depth of classes rivals a college course catalog, and the unique tri-mester set-up allows students to easily organize their academic lives in addition to extracurriculars.
Competitive and well-supported athletics program across the board, for girls and boys. Mandatory participation in something (sports or arts) all three trimesters.
Minimal experience with arts programming, but as a viewer/consumer, the theater program at Lawrenceville is top notch.
Ample opportunities for volunteer work, arts involvement, and athletics (both competitive and non-competitive).
Freshman live together in two adjoining dorms. Sophomores and Juniors are divided up into "Houses" like Harry Potter that you live in for two years. You have opportunities for House athletic competition and academic competition that builds a deep sense of community. Seniors live together again in two dorms but you also have the option to serve as a Prefect in a Freshman or House dorm. Great social life with "Feeds" on Saturday (late night food in Houses). Most dorm rooms are doubles on campus.
Amazing dining halls: one for freshman, one for sophomores, juniors, and seniors, and one for seniors only.
Cute town with a coffee shop, bagel shop, a number of small restaurants, and a pizza shop. Short bus ride to Princeton, NJ which has a wealth of shopping options.
Very close community with diverse options for clubs, dances, etc.


One of the most compelling features of Java is its wide support for the presentation of graphical information. Along with providing a simple means of displaying static images, Java enables developers to manipulate and animate images in ways previously impossible in Web content. At the heart of Java graphics and imaging are Java color models. This chapter takes a close look at what a color model is, along with how color models impact image handling and Java graphics in general.
In this chapter, you also learn about Java image filters and how they are used to manipulate graphical images. Image filtering is a powerful feature of Java that is tightly linked to color models. Java provides a variety of image filter classes that interact together to form a framework for easily filtering graphical images. You can extend the standard Java image filtering classes and build your own image filters to perform just about any type of image processing you can imagine. You learn how to implement your own image filters near the end of this chapter.
Together, color models and image filters form an integral part of the advanced Java graphics API. By the end of this chapter, you will be well on your way to becoming a Java graphics wizard!
Before jumping into the specifics of what a color model is and how it works in Java, it's important to understand how color is represented on a computer in general. Although most operating systems have some degree of platform-dependent handling of color, they all share a common approach to the general representation of colors. Knowing that all data in a computer is ultimately stored in a binary form, it stands to reason that physical colors are somehow mapped to binary values (numbers) in the computer domain. The question is, how are colors mapped to numbers?
One way to come up with numeric representations of colors would be to start at one end of the color spectrum and assign numbers to each color until you reach the other end. This approach solves the problem of representing a color as a number, but it doesn't provide any way to handle the mixing of colors. As anyone who has experienced the joy of Play-Doh‰ can tell you, colors react in different ways when combined with each other. The way colors mix to form other colors goes back to physics, which is a little beyond this discussion. A computer color system needs to be able to handle mixing colors with accurate, predictable results.
Figure 12.1 : Electron guns in a color monitor converging to create a unique color.
Knowing that monitors form unique colors by using varying intensities of the colors red, green, and blue, you might be thinking that a good solution to the color problem would be to provide an intensity value for each of these primary colors. This is exactly how computers model color. Computers represent different colors by combining the numeric intensities of the primary colors red, green, and blue. This color system is known as RGB (Red Green Blue) and is fully supported by Java.
Bitmapped computer images are composed of pixels that describe the colors at each location of an image. Each pixel in an image has a unique color that is usually described using the RGB color system. Java provides support for working with 32-bit images, which means that each pixel in an image is described as using 32 bits. The red, green, and blue components of a pixel's color are stored in these 32 bits, along with an alpha component. The alpha component of a pixel refers to the transparency or opaqueness of the pixel.
A 32-bit Java image pixel is therefore composed of red, green, blue, and alpha components. By default, these four components are packed into a 32-bit pixel value, as shown in Figure 12.2. Notice that each component is described by 8 bits, yielding possible values between 0 and 255 for each. These components are packed into the 32-bit pixel value from high-order bits to low-order bits in the following order: alpha, red, green, and blue. It is possible for the pixel components to be packed differently, but this is the default pixel storage method used in Java.
Figure 12.2 : The four components of a pixel in a 32-bit Java image.
The color components of a Java image are encapsulated in a simple class called Color. The Color class is a member of the AWT package and represents the three primary color components: red, green, and blue. This class is useful because it provides a clean abstraction for representing color, along with useful methods for extracting and modifying the primary components. The Color class also contains predefined constant members representing many popular colors.
Index color models work differently from direct color models. In fact, index color models work with pixels containing completely different information than you've learned thus far. Pixels in an image using an index color model don't contain the alpha and RGB components like the pixels used in a direct color model. An index color model pixel contains an index into an array of fixed colors (see Figure 12.3). This array of colors is called a color map.
Figure 12.3 : An index color model pixel and its associated color map.
An example of an image that uses an index color model is a 256-color image. 256-color images use 8 bits to describe each pixel, which doesn't leave much room for RGB components. Rather than try to cram these components into 8 bits, 256-color pixels store an 8-bit index in a color map. The color map has 256 color entries that each contain RGB and alpha values describing a particular color.
Index color models provide methods for resolving pixels containing color map indices into alpha, red, green, and blue components. Index color models handle looking up the index of a pixel in the color map and extracting the appropriate components from the color entry.
Index color models provide an additional feature not available in direct color models: support for a transparent pixel color. Using an index color model, you can specify a color in the color map as the transparent color for the image. When the image is drawn, pixels having the transparent color are left out. The background shows through these pixels, effectively resulting in the pixels being completely transparent.
The transparency feature is very useful when working with images that have an irregular shape. All images are stored as rectangles and typically are drawn in a rectangular region. By using a transparent color to define the region around the irregular shape, the image can be drawn on a background without erasing a rectangular area of the background. Figure 12.4 shows the difference between images drawn with and without a transparent color.
Figure 12.4 : The effects of using a transparency color to draw an image.
Java provides standard classes for working with color models. At the top of the hierarchy is the ColorModel class, which defines the core functionality required of all color models. Two other classes are derived from ColorModel, representing the two types of color models supported by Java: DirectColorModel and IndexColorModel.
The ColorModel method is the only creation method defined for the ColorModel class. It takes a single integer parameter that specifies the pixel width of the color model in bits.
The getRGBdefault method is a class method that returns a ColorModel object based on the default RGB pixel component storage, as described earlier in this chapter (0xAARRGGBB).
The four methods that get each different pixel component are all defined as abstract. This means that a derived color model class must provide the specific implementation for these methods. The reason for this goes back to the issue of supporting different types of color models. Getting the color components of a pixel is completely dependent on how each pixel represents colors in an image, which is determined by the color model. For direct color models, you can extract the components by simply masking out the correct 8-bit values. For an index color model, however, you have to use each pixel's value as an index into a color map and then retrieve the components from there. In keeping with the object-oriented structure of Java, the ColorModel class provides the method descriptions but leaves the specific implementations to more specific color model classes.
The last method in the ColorModel class is getRGB, which returns the color of a pixel using the default color model. You can use this method to get a pixel value in the default RGB color model format.
The first two methods are the creation methods for DirectColorModel. The first creation method takes the pixel width of the color model, along with the masks used to specify how each color component is packed into the pixel bits. You may have noticed that there is no mask parameter for the alpha component. Using this creation method, the alpha component is forced to a value of 255, or fully opaque. This is useful if you don't want any alpha information to be represented. The second creation method is just like the first, with the exception that it lets you specify an alpha mask.
A mask is used to extract specific bits out of an integer value. The bits are extracted by bitwise ANDing the mask with the value. Masks themselves are integers and are typically specified in hexadecimal. For example, to mask out the high-order word of a 32-bit value, you use the mask 0xFFFF0000.
If you're a little shaky with masks, think about the masks for the default pixel component packing. Remember, the components are packed from high-order to low-order in the following order: alpha, red, green, and blue. Each component is eight bits, so the mask for each component extracts the appropriate byte out of the 32-bit pixel value. Table 12.1 shows the default RGB pixel component masks.
Table 12.1. The default pixel component masks.
With DirectColorModel, there are four methods that simply return the pixel component masks: getRedMask, getGreenMask, getBlueMask, and getAlphaMask. Notice that these methods are defined as final, meaning that they cannot be overridden in a derived class. The reason for this is that the underlying native Java graphics code is dependent on this specific implementation of these methods. You'll notice that this is a common theme in the color model classes.
The four abstract methods defined in ColorModel are implemented in DirectColorModel: getRed, getGreen, getBlue, and getAlpha. These methods return the appropriate component values of a pixel in the range 0 to 255. Like the mask methods, these methods are also defined as final, so that no derived classes can override their behavior.
The getRGB method returns the color of a pixel in the default color model format. This method is no different than the one implemented in ColorModel.
The first five methods are the creation methods for the IndexColorModel class. They look kind of messy with all those parameters, but they really aren't that bad. First, all the creation methods take as their first parameter the width of each pixel in bits. They all also take as their second parameter the size of the color map array to be used by the color model.
In addition to the pixel width and color map array size, the first three creation methods also take three byte arrays containing the red, green, and blue components of each entry in the color map. These arrays should all be the same length, which should match the color map size passed in as the second parameter. The second creation method enables you to specify the array index of the transparent color. The third creation method enables you to specify an array of alpha values to go along with the color component arrays.
Rather than using parallel arrays of individual component values, the last two creation methods take a single array of "packed" pixel component values-the color components are stored sequentially in a single array instead of in separate parallel arrays. The start parameter specifies the index to begin including colors from the array. The hasalpha parameter specifies whether the colors in the array include alpha information. The only difference between these two methods is that the second version enables you to specify the array index for the transparent color.
The getMapSize method returns the size of the color map used by the color model.
The getTransparentPixel method returns the array index of the transparent pixel color, if it is defined. Otherwise, getTransparentPixel returns -1.
There are four methods for getting the color values from the color map: getReds, getGreens, getBlues, and getAlphas. Each method takes an array of bytes as the only parameter and fills it with the color map values for the appropriate pixel component. These methods are final, so you can't override them in a derived class.
IndexColorModel provides implementations for the four abstract methods defined in ColorModel: getRed, getGreen, getBlue, and getAlpha. These methods return the appropriate component values of a pixel in the range 0-255. These methods are also defined as final, so derived classes aren't allowed to modify their behavior.
The getRGB method returns the color of a pixel in the default RGB color model format. Because the default color model is a direct color model, this method effectively converts an index color to a direct color.
Okay, so you know all about color models and the Java classes that bring them to life. Now what? Most of the time they act behind the scenes. It is fairly rare that you will need to create or manipulate a color model directly.
Color models are used extensively in the internal implementations of the various image processing classes, however. What does this mean to you, the ever-practical Java programmer? It means that you now know a great deal about the internal workings of color in the Java graphics system. Without fully understanding color models and how they work, you would no doubt run into difficulties when trying to work with the advanced graphics and image processing classes provided by Java.
Take a look at the Gradient sample program in Figure 12.5. The Gradient sample program uses an IndexColorModel object with 32 varying shades of green. It creates an image based on this color model and sets the image pixels to a horizontal gradient pattern. The complete source code for this program is shown in Listing 12.1. It is also included on the CD-ROM in the file Gradient.java.
Figure 12.5 : The Gradient sample program.
Listing 12.1. The Gradient sample program.
The Gradient program starts off by declaring a few final member variables for determining the number of colors used in the index color model, along with the size of the image.
It then creates a color map by building two arrays for the color components. The first array, rbmap, is used for both the red and blue color components. The second array, gmap, is used for the green color component. The rbmap array is left in its initial state. Remember, Java automatically initializes all member variables to zero. The gmap array is initialized to equally spaced values between 0 and 255, dependent on the number of colors in the color map (as specified by colors). The arrays are set up this way because you want the color map to contain shades of green. This is accomplished by specifying non-zero values for the green component of the color map and leaving the red and blue components set to 0.
To understand the implications of this equation, think about the number of colors used in the program. The final member variable colors is set to 32, meaning that the color model contains 32 color entries. Each pixel needs to be able to distinguish between (or index) these 32 different entries. Using the previous equation, you'll find that 5 bits per pixel are enough to index an array of 32 colors. Likewise, 8 bits per pixel are required to index an array of 256 colors.
The call to ceil is there to make sure there are enough bits in case the number of colors is set to a value that is not a power of 2. For example, what if you change colors to 45 instead of 32? The result of the original equation would be 5.49, but the .49 would be lost in the cast to a byte. The resulting 5 would not be enough bits per pixel to keep up with 45 colors. The trick is always to use the smallest whole number greater than or equal to the floating-point result before casting. This is exactly what the ceil method does.
With the IndexColorModel creation method, you pass in the newly calculated pixel width, the number of colors, and the three color component arrays. The zero-filled rbmap array is used for both the red and blue component arrays.
This equation results in an equal distribution of colors (gradient) horizontally across the image.
The image is actually created with a call to the createImage method. This method takes a MemoryImageSource object as its only parameter. The MemoryImageSource class uses an array of pixel values to build an image in memory. The creation method for MemoryImageSource takes the width, height, color model, pixel array, pixel array offset, and scan line width for the image. It's simply a matter of plugging in the information you've already created.
At this point, you have an image made up of gradient pixels that contain indices into a color model with 32 shades of green. Now the fun part-drawing the image! A simple call to drawImage in the paint method is all it takes.
A thriving area of software research and development is image processing. Most popular paint programs contain image processing features, such as sharpening or softening an image. Typically, image processing developers have to build complex libraries of routines for manipulating images. Java provides a simple, yet powerful framework for manipulating images. In Java, image processing objects are called image filters, and they serve as a way to abstract the filtering of an image without worrying about the details associated with the source or destination of the image data.
A Java image filter can be thought of quite literally as a filter into which all the data for an image must enter and exit on its way from a source to a destination. Take a look at Figure 12.6 to see how image data passes through an image filter.
Figure 12.6 : Image data passing through an image filter.
While passing through a filter, the individual pixels of an image can be altered in any way as determined by that filter. By design, image filters are structured to be self-contained components. The image filter model supported by Java is based on three logical components: an image producer, an image filter, and an image consumer. The image producer makes the raw pixel data for an image available. The image filter in turn filters this data. The resulting filtered image data is then passed on to the image consumer where it has usually been requested. Figure 12.7 shows how these three components interact with each other.
Figure 12.7 : The relationship between an image producer, an image filter, and an image consumer.
Breaking down the process of filtering images into these three components provides a very powerful object-oriented solution to a complex problem. Different types of image producers can be derived that are able to retrieve image data from a variety of sources. Likewise, filters can ignore the complexities associated with different image sources and focus on the details of manipulating the individual pixels of an image.
The ImageProducer interface provides the method descriptions necessary to extract image pixel data from Image objects. Classes implementing the ImageProducer interface provide implementations for these methods specific to the image sources they represent. For example, the MemoryImageSource class implements the ImageProducer interface and produces image pixels from an array of pixel values in memory.
The FilteredImageSource class implements the ImageProducer interface and produces filtered image data. The filtered image data produced is based on the image and the filter object passed in FilteredImageSource's creation method. FilteredImageSource provides a very easy way to apply image filters to Image objects.
The MemoryImageSource class implements the ImageProducer interface and produces image data based on an array of pixels in memory. This is very useful in cases where you need to build an Image object directly from data in memory. You used the MemoryImageSource class earlier in this chapter in the Gradient sample program.
The ImageConsumer interface provides method prototypes necessary for an object to retrieve image data from an image producer. Instantiated classes implementing the ImageConsumer interface are attached to an image producer object when they are interested in its image data. The image producer object delivers the image data by calling methods defined by the ImageConsumer interface.
The PixelGrabber class implements the ImageConsumer interface and provides a way of retrieving a subset of the pixels in an image. A PixelGrabber object can be created based on either an Image object or an object implementing the ImageProducer interface. The creation method for PixelGrabber enables you to specify a rectangular section of the image data to be grabbed. This image data is then delivered by the image producer to the PixelGrabber object.
The ImageFilter class provides the basic functionality of an image filter that operates on image data being delivered from an image producer to an image consumer. ImageFilter objects are specifically designed to be used in conjunction with FilteredImageSource objects.
The FilterImage class is implemented as a null filter, which means that it passes image data through unmodified. Nevertheless, it implements the overhead for processing the data in an image. The only thing missing is the actual modification of the pixel data, which is left up to derived filter classes. This is actually a very nice design, because it enables you to create new image filters by deriving from ImageFilter and overriding a few methods.
The seemingly strange thing about RGBImageFilter is that it is an abstract class, so you can't instantiate objects from it. It is abstract because of a single abstract method, filterRGB. The filterRGB method is used to convert a single input pixel to a single output pixel in the default RGB color model. filterRGB is the workhorse method that handles filtering the image data; each pixel in the image is sent through this method for processing. To create your own RGB image filters, all you must do is derive from RGBImageFilter and implement the filterRGB method. This is the technique you use later in this chapter to implement your own image filters.
The RGBImageFilter class contains a member variable that is very important in determining how it processes image data: canFilterIndexColorModel. The canFilterIndexColorModel member variable is a boolean that specifies whether the filterRGB method can be used to filter the color map entries of an image using an index color model. If this member variable is false, each pixel in the image is processed.
The CropImageFilter class is derived from ImageFilter and provides a means of extracting a rectangular region within an image. Like ImageFilter, the CropImageFilter class is designed to be used with the FilteredImageSource image producer.
You may be a little confused by CropImageFilter, because the PixelGrabber class mentioned earlier sounds very similar. It is important to understand the differences between these two classes because they perform very different functions. First, remember that PixelGrabber implements the ImageConsumer interface, so it functions as an image consumer. CropImageFilter, on the other hand, is an image filter. This means that PixelGrabber is used as a destination for image data, where CropImageFilter is applied to image data in transit. You use PixelGrabber to extract a region of an image to store in an array of pixels (the destination). You use CropImageFilter to extract a region of an image that is sent along to its destination (usually another Image object).
Although the standard Java image filter classes are powerful as a framework, they aren't that exciting to work with by themselves. Image filters don't really get interesting until you start implementing your own. Fortunately, the Java classes make it painfully simple to write your own image filters.
All the image filters you develop in this chapter are derived from RGBImageFilter, which enables you to filter images through a single method, filterRGB. It really is as easy as deriving your class from RGBImageFilter and implementing the filterRGB method.
Probably the simplest image filter imaginable is one that filters out the individual color components (red, green, and blue) of an image. The ColorFilter class does exactly that. Listing 12.2 contains the source code for the ColorFilter class. It is located on the CD-ROM in the file ColorFilter.java.
Listing 12.2. The ColorFilter class.
The ColorFilter class is derived from RGBImageFilter and contains three boolean member variables that determine which colors are to be filtered out of the image. These member variables are set by the parameters passed into the creation method. The member variable inherited from RGBImageFilter, canFilterIndexColorModel, is set to true to indicate that the color map entries can be filtered using filterRGB if the incoming image is using an index color model.
Beyond the creation method, ColorFilter implements only one method, filterRGB, which is the abstract method inherited from RGBImageFilter. filterRGB takes three parameters: the x and y position of the pixel within the image, and the 32-bit (integer) color value. The only parameter you are concerned with is the color value (rgb).
Recalling that the default RGB color model places the red, green, and blue components in the lower 24 bits of the 32-bit color value, it is easy to extract each one by shifting out of the rgb parameter. These individual components are stored in the local variables r, g, and b. Notice, however, that each color component is shifted only if it is not being filtered. For filtered colors, the color component is set to zero.
The new color components are shifted back into a 32-bit color value and returned from filterRGB. Notice that care is taken to ensure that the alpha component of the color value is not altered. The 0xff000000 mask takes care of this, because the alpha component resides in the upper byte of the color value.
Congratulations, you've written your first image filter! You have two more to go before you plug them all into a test program.
It isn't always apparent to programmers how the alpha value stored in the color value for each pixel impacts an image. Remember, the alpha component specifies the transparency or opaqueness of a pixel. By altering the alpha values for an entire image, you can make it appear to fade in and out. This works because the alpha values range from totally transparent (invisible) to totally opaque.
The AlphaFilter class filters the alpha components of an image based on the alpha level you supply in its creation method. Listing 12.3 contains the source code for the AlphaFilter class. It is located on the CD-ROM in the file AlphaFilter.java.
Listing 12.3. The AlphaFilter class.
The AlphaFilter class contains a single member variable, alphaLevel, that keeps up with the alpha level to be applied to the image. This member variable is initialized in the creation method, as is the canFilterIndexModel member variable.
Similar to the ColorFilter class, the filterRGB method is the only other method implemented by AlphaFilter. The alpha component of the pixel is first extracted by shifting it into a local variable, alpha. This value is then scaled according to the alphaLevel member variable initialized in the creation method. The purpose of the scaling is to alter the alpha value based on its current value. If you were just to set the alpha component to the alpha level, you wouldn't be taking into account the original alpha component value.
So far, the image filters you've seen have been pretty simple. The last one you create is a little more complex, but it acts as a more interesting filter. The BrightnessFilter class implements an image filter that brightens or darkens an image based on a brightness percentage you provide in the creation method. Listing 12.4 contains the source code for the BrightnessFilter class. It is located on the CD-ROM in the file BrightnessFilter.java.
Listing 12.4. The BrightnessFilter class.
The BrightnessFilter class contains one member variable, brightness, that keeps track of the percentage to alter the brightness of the image. This member variable is set via the creation method, along with the canFilterIndexModel member variable. The brightness member variable can contain values in the range -100 to 100. A value of -100 means the image is darkened by 100 percent, and a value of 100 means the image is brightened by 100 percent. A value of 0 doesn't modify the image at all.
You put in the time writing some of your own image filters, but you have yet to enjoy the fruit of your labors. It's time to plug the filters into a real Java applet and see how they work. Figure 12.8 shows the FilterTest applet busily at work filtering an image of a train.
Figure 12.8 : The Filter Test applet.
The FilterTest applet uses all three filters you've written to enable you to filter an image of a train. The R, G, and B keys on the keyboard change the different colors filtered by the color filter. The left and right arrow keys modify the alpha level for the alpha filter. The up and down arrow keys alter the brightness percentage used by the brightness filter. Finally, the Home key restores the image to its unfiltered state.
Listing 12.5 contains the source code for the FilterTest applet. The source code is located on the CD-ROM in the file FilterTest.java, along with an HTML file containing a link to the applet, Example1.html.
Listing 12.5. The FilterTest applet.
The first method implemented by FilterTest is init, which loads the image ChooChoo.gif into the src member variable. It also initializes the dst member variable to the same image.
The paint method is implemented next, and it simply consists of one call to the drawImage method, which draws the destination (filtered) Image object.
The keyDown method is implemented to handle keyboard events generated by the user. In this case, the keys used to control the image filters are handled in the switch statement. The corresponding member variables are altered according to the keys pressed. Notice the call to the filterImage method at the bottom of keyDown.
The filterImage method is where the actual filtering takes place; it applies each image filter to the image. The dst member variable is first initialized with the src member variable to restore the destination image to its original state. Each filter is then applied using a messy looking call to createImage. The only parameter to createImage is an ImageProducer object. In this case, you create a FilteredImageSource object to pass into createImage. The creation method for FilteredImageSource takes two parameters: an image producer and an image filter. The first parameter is an ImageProducer object for the source image, which is obtained using the getSource method for the image. The second parameter is an ImageFilter-derived object.
You covered a lot of territory in this chapter. You first learned about colors in general and then about the heart of advanced Java graphics, color models. After taking a good dose of color model theory, you saw color models in action in the Gradient sample program.
With color models under your belt, you moved on to image filters. The Java image filter classes provide a powerful framework for working with images without worrying about unnecessary details. You learned about the different classes that comprise Java's support for image filters. You then topped it off by writing three of your own image filters, along with an applet that put them to the test.
Above all, you learned in this chapter that Java is no slouch when it comes to advanced graphics and image processing. You also saw first hand how Java's support for color models and image filters is very useful and easy to work with. In the next chapter, you continue building your portfolio of Java graphics tricks by learning about the Java media tracker.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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