Be part of the Victorian celebration of the Australian Racing Hall of Fame.
The Australian Racing Hall of Fame is one of the racing industry's highest accolades, acknowledging equine and human heroes of the turf who have achieved greatness throughout their careers.
Join us as we recognise the honour roll and celebrate new inductees joining the likes of Phar Lap, Bart Cummings and Chris Waller. We'll also acknowledge past Directors of the VRC who have made a significant contribution to both the Club and the thoroughbred industry.
On the track, Flemington will host the most in-form gallopers in the heats for many of the series that are building up to the exciting crescendo of Flemington Finals Day.
Living Legends Bullish Luck (USA) and Zippping, will be joining us at Flemington. See these champions of the turf parading in the Mounting Yard and hanging out in the horse stalls throughout the day.


Cardinal Christian Tumi, the archbishop emeritus of Douala, says a French government policy of preventing "Anglo-Saxon" encroachment in French-speaking Africa is behind Cameroon's current 'Anglophone Crisis.' Protests by the African country's English-speaking minority have turned violent, and a series of bombs went off overnight between Sunday and Monday.
YAOUNDÉ, Cameroon – A cardinal in Cameroon has lashed out at France over the ongoing 'Anglophone crisis' in the West African country.
Cardinal Christian Tumi, the archbishop emeritus of Douala, accused France of seeking to make sure the majority French-speaking Cameroonians assimilate the minority English-speaking population.
Protests in the region are becoming increasingly violent, and four homemade bombs went off in the Bamenda – the capital of the English-speaking North-West region – late Sunday night and early Monday morning. No casualties were reported.
Last week, Anglophone separatists were accused of killing four Cameroonian soldiers in the South-West region.
Over a dozen people have died in demonstrations against alleged government erosion of the rights of the English-speaking population, leading some protestors on Oct. 1 to declare the region – which they call Ambazonia – to be independent.
The cardinal supported his accusation by telling an anecdote from a visit to the French embassy in Rome.
"I was in Rome for the Synod of Bishops and the French embassy invited us for a reception; those of us who were from the French-speaking countries. So, I was there and one of the workers in the embassy approached me and asked me which country I came from. I told him that I was from Cameroon…he immediately told me: 'We are very happy that you are assimilating the anglophones,' which means that was the policy of France," Tumi told the newspaper.
The cardinal also saw French meddling behind the irregularities in the country's 1992 presidential election, which involved an anglophone, John Fru Ndi.
Fru Ndi officially lost the election to President Paul Biya – who first took power in 1982 and rules to this day – by a narrow margin, but opposition leaders accused the government of fraud.
"Everybody knows that Fru Ndi won the election in 1992. Who organized the coup? It was Mitterrand and I am citing something [French President François] Mitterrand said to Biya, 'jamais un anglophone a Etoudi'," Tumi said.
The phrase means 'no anglophone should ever be allowed in Etoudi.' The Etoudi is the Cameroonian presidential palace.
Mitterrand served as president of France from 1981-1995. His government sought to strengthen ties with French-speaking Africa, and he sought to prevent "Anglo-Saxon" encroachment in what he felt was France's sphere of influence.
Tumi was speaking about the country's unique colonial history.
Cameroon came under French and British rule following the defeat of the Germans in World War One.
The two parts later gained independence in 1960 and 1961 and reunited under a federal republic. This federation was scrapped in 1972 following a referendum, which has now come under severe criticism by anglophone Cameroonians, who make up about 20 percent of the population.
They have been complaining that doing away with the Federal constitution which provided protections for their culture and way of life was the first step towards annihilating the anglophone culture.
In Cameroon, the anglophone regions use British-style schools – common in English-speaking Africa – and their courts use the common law tradition. The francophone regions use French-style schools and the civil law system, historically deriving from the Napoleonic code.
The unrest came to a head in October 2016, when teachers and lawyers in the two English-speaking regions of the country took to the streets in protest over the use of the French language in anglophone schools and courts.
The demonstrators soon called for a return to the Federal system of governance, and others for outright secession.
A year after the protests began – on October 1, 2017 – an estimated 1.5 million people took to the streets in almost every village in anglophone Cameroon in celebration of their independence – even if it was just symbolic.
Joseph Wirba, an opposition member of Cameroon's parliament who has been vocal about anglophone marginalization said the number of people who marched was a victory over oppression.
"The slave had risen indeed to break the chains and there was no turning back! That day had marked the people's mental and psychological escape from oppressive strangulation by a merciless government," he said.
They were reacting to the comments made by the Minister for Communications, Issa Tchiroma Bakary, who called the anglophone protesters "terrorists," and added they should be treated as such.
Biya recently commissioned the country's prime minister, Philémon Yang to lead fact-finding and peace missions to the embattled regions.
Upon return from those missions, Yang told the president the use of charged language – such as calling protestors terrorists – was not helping.
"Anglophones as far as I know, are not terrorists. The people were civilized; the majority of them rejected violence; they prefer to solve their problems through republican values," Yang told Cameroon's state broadcaster, CRTV.
He said after listening to the people on the ground, he had come to the conclusion that the government must seriously address the crisis.
Tumi said he believes reverting to the country's original federal system of government would largely address the problem.
That is also the view of the Civil Society Consortium that has been leading the anglophone protests.
Its leader, lawyer Felix Agbor Balla, who was recently released from jail after serving over six months without any judgment, told the BBC that the position has not changed.
But Biya, in power for 35 years now, has repeatedly said none of those demands will be met.
And so the standoff will continue for the foreseeable future.


text:
\section{Introduction}

A bright soliton is a self-reinforcing  solitary wave that
travels at constant speed maintaining its shape, due to a cancellation of  dispersive effect and nonlinear attraction.
Matter-wave soliton and quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) soliton train were created and investigated
experimentally
in
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of $^7$Li \cite{1, 2} and $^{85}$Rb atoms
\cite{3}. These quasi-1D
solitons appear for attractive contact interaction
in a
axially-free BEC under radial harmonic trap \cite{4}.

The observation of  BECs of $^{164}$Dy \cite{dy,ExpDy}, $^{168}$Er \cite{ExpEr} and
  $^{52}$Cr \cite{crrev,cr,saddle,ExpCr,52Cr} atoms
with large magnetic dipole
moments has opened new directions of research in the study of BEC solitons.
Polar molecules with much larger electric dipole moments are also being considered for BEC experiments \cite{polar}.
In addition to the conventional quasi-1D solitons \cite{1D}
of nondipolar BEC,
one can have quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) solitons in dipolar BEC \cite{2D}.
More interestingly, one can have dipolar BEC solitons for fully repulsive
contact interaction \cite{1D}. Moreover, solitons in dipolar BEC remain stable when the
harmonic trap(s) is(are) replaced by periodic optical-lattice trap(s)
 in quasi-1D \cite{ol1D} and quasi-2D \cite{ol2D} configurations.
Because of these interesting possibilities in dipolar BEC,
we study here the formation of solitons in a binary dipolar BEC.
Because of the complexity in dealing with the inter- and intraspecies dipolar interactions, there have been only a few studies of the binary dipolar
mixture \cite{mfb,mfb2}.
We consider the numerical solution and variational approximation
of a three-dimensional (3D) mean-field model in our study of binary
dipolar BEC soliton where the atoms are polarized along $z$ axis.

There have been recent experimental \cite{ex} and theoretical \cite{th} studies in binary BECs employing
distinct trapping symmetry on each component. For example, the first component of the binary BEC could have a quasi-1D shape and the second component a quasi-2D shape, or one can have  a quasi-2D-quasi-2D binary mixture with the first component lying in the $x-y$ plane and the second component in the
$y-z$ plane. Hence, we will also consider distinct spatial symmetry of the
two components in a binary dipolar BEC soliton, thus leading to exotic density profiles of the mixture.
Among the
distinct spatial symmetries of the binary dipolar BEC soliton, we consider
(a) both components in quasi-1D shape along $z$ axis, (b) one component in quasi-2D shape in $y-z$ plane and the other  in quasi-1D shape along $z$ axis,
(c) both components in quasi-2D shape in $y-z$ plane, (d) one component in quasi-2D shape in $y-z$ plane and the other  in quasi-2D  shape in $x-z$ plane, and finally,
(e)  one component in quasi-2D shape in $x-y$ plane and the other  in quasi-1D shape along $y$ axis. All these possibilities are realized for repulsive
inter- and intraspecies contact interactions except the last one where we need
attractive interspecies contact interaction for stability.
This creates
a new scenario for robust solitons of very large numer of
atoms stabilized by short-range repulsion and long-range
inter- and intraspecies dipolar attraction.

We illustrate our findings using realistic parameters in the $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er mixture. The stability of binary dipolar solitons is illustrated in phase diagrams involving critical number of atoms and interaction strengths. The profiles of the binary solitons are displayed in isodensity plots of the two
components.  The variational approximation to the sizes and chemical potentials of the two components  is compared with the numerical solution of the mean-field
model. The numerical study of breathing oscillation of the stable dipolar binary BEC soliton  is found to be in reasonable
agreement with a time-dependent variational model calculation.

In section \ref{II}  the mean-field model for the binary
dipolar BEC soliton  is developed.
A time-dependent, analytic,  Euler-Lagrange Gaussian variational approximation
of the model is also presented.
The results of numerical calculation are shown in section \ref{III}.
Finally, in section \ref{IV} we present a brief summary of our findings.

\section{Mean-field model for a binary dipolar BEC soliton}

\label{II}

We consider a binary dipolar BEC soliton, interacting via  inter- and
intraspecies interactions, with the
mass, number of atoms, magnetic  dipole moment, and scattering length for the two species $ i=1,2,$
denoted by $m_i, N_i,
\widehat \mu_i, a_i,$ respectively.   The inter- ($V_{12}$)
and intraspecies ($V_i$)
interactions
for two atoms at positions $\bf r$ and $\bf r'$ are taken as
\begin{eqnarray}\label{intrapot}
V_{12}({\bf R})= \frac{\mu_0\widehat \mu_1 \widehat \mu_2}{4\pi}\frac{1-3\cos^2 \theta}{|{\bf R}|^3}+
\frac{2\pi \hbar^2 a_{12}}{m_R}\delta({\bf R}), \\ \label{interpot}
V_i({\bf R})=
\frac{\mu_0\widehat \mu_i^2}{4\pi}\frac{1-3\cos^2 \theta}{|{\bf R}|^3}+\frac{4\pi
\hbar^2 a_i}{m_i}\delta({\bf R }),
     \end{eqnarray}
where $\bf R = r-r',$ $\mu_0$ is the permeability of free space,
$\theta$ is the angle made by the vector ${\bf R}$ with the polarization
$z$ direction,  $a_{12}$ is the intraspecies scattering length
and $m_R=m_1m_2/(m_1+m_2)$ is the reduced mass of the two species of
atoms. With these interactions, the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii (GP)
equations for the binary dipolar BEC can be written as \cite{mfb2}
\begin{eqnarray} && \,
{\mbox i} \hbar \frac{\partial \phi_1({\bf r},t)}{\partial t}=
{\Big [}  -\frac{\hbar^2}{2m_1}\nabla^2+
\frac{1}{2}m_1\omega_1^2 (\nu_1x^2+\gamma_1 y^2+\lambda_1z^2)
\nonumber
\\  &&
+ \frac{4\pi \hbar^2}{m_1}{a}_1 N_1 \vert \phi_1({\bf r},t)\vert^2
+\frac{2\pi \hbar^2}{m_R} {a}_{12} N_2 \vert \phi_2({\bf r},t)|^2
+ N_1 \frac{ \mu_0 \ {\widehat \mu}^2_1 }{4\pi}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_1({\mathbf r'},t)\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
\nonumber \\ &&
+ N_2 \frac{ \mu_0 \ {\widehat \mu}_1\widehat \mu_2 }{4\pi}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_2({\mathbf r'},t)\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
{\Big ]}  \phi_1({\bf r},t),
\label{eq1}
\eeqa
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{eq2}
&&{\mbox i} \hbar \frac{\partial \phi_2({\bf r},t)}{\partial t}=
{\Big [}  -\frac{\hbar^2}{2m_2}\nabla^2+
\frac{1}{2}m_2\omega_2^2 (\nu_2x^2+\gamma_2 y^2+\lambda_2z^2)
\nonumber\\ &&
+ \frac{4\pi \hbar^2}{m_2}{a}_2 N_2 \vert \phi_2({\bf r},t) \vert^2
+\frac{2\pi \hbar^2}{m_R} {a}_{12} N_1 \vert \phi_1({\bf r},t) \vert^2
+ N_2 \frac{ \mu_0 \ {\widehat \mu}^2_2 }{4\pi}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_2({\mathbf r'},t)\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
\nonumber \\ &&
+ N_1 \frac{ \mu_0 \ {\widehat \mu}_1\widehat \mu_2 }{4\pi}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_1({\mathbf r'},t)\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
\Big]
 \phi_2({\bf r},t),
\\&&
V_{dd}({\mathbf R})=
\frac{1-3\cos^2\theta}{{\mathbf R}^3},  \quad
  \rho^2=x^2+y^2, \quad {\mbox i}=\sqrt{-1}.
\eeqa
Here $\omega_i$ are the frequencies of the traps and  $\nu_i,\gamma_i,$ and
$\lambda_i$ are trap anisotropy parameters.

To compare the dipolar and contact interactions, the intra- and interspecies
dipolar interactions  are  expressed in terms of the dipolar lengths
$a_{dd}^{(i)}$ and $a_{dd}^{(12)}$, defined by
\begin{eqnarray}  a_{dd}^{(i)}=
\frac{\mu_0\widehat \mu_i^2m_i}{12\pi \hbar ^2    },\quad
a_{dd}^{(12)}=
\frac{\mu_0\widehat \mu_1\widehat \mu_2m_R}{6\pi \hbar ^2    }.
\end{eqnarray}
We express the strengths of the dipolar
interactions  by these lengths
and transform  (\ref{eq1}) and (\ref{eq2})
into the following dimensionless form  \cite{mfb2}
\begin{eqnarray}
&& \,
{\mbox i} \frac{\partial \phi_1({\bf r},t)}{\partial t}=
{\Big [}  -\frac{\nabla^2}{2 }
+
\frac{1}{2} (\nu_1x^2+\gamma_1 y^2+\lambda_1z^2)
\nonumber \\  &&  \,
+ g_1 \vert \phi_1 \vert^2
+ g_{12} \vert \phi_2 \vert^2
+ g_{dd}^{(1)}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_1({\mathbf r'},t)
\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
\nonumber \\  &&  \,
+ g_{dd}^{(12)}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_2({\mathbf r'},t)
\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
{\Big ]}  \phi_1({\bf r},t),
\label{eq3}
\eeqa
\begin{eqnarray}
&& \,
{\mbox i} \frac{\partial \phi_2({\bf r},t)}{\partial t}={\Big [}
-m_{12} \frac{\nabla^2}{2}
+
\frac{1}{2}m_\omega (\nu_2x^2+\gamma_2 y^2+\lambda_2z^2)
\nonumber \\  &&  \,
+ g_2 \vert \phi_2 \vert^2
+ g_{21} \vert \phi_1 \vert^2
+ g_{dd}^{(2)}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_2({\mathbf r'},t)
\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
\nonumber \\ && \,
+ g_{dd}^{(21)}
\int V_{dd}({\mathbf R})\vert\phi_1({\mathbf r'},t)
\vert^2 d{\mathbf r}'
{\Big ]}  \phi_2({\bf r},t),
\label{eq4}
\eeqa
where
 $m_\omega=\omega_2^2/(m_{12}\omega_1^2),$
$m_{12}={m_1}/{m_2},$
$g_1=4\pi a_1 N_1,$
$g_2= 4\pi a_2 N_2 m_{12},$
$g_{12}={2\pi m_1} a_{12} N_2/m_R,$
$g_{21}={2\pi m_1} a_{12} N_1/m_R,$
$g_{dd}^{(2)}= 3N_2 a_{dd}^{(2)}m_{12},$
$g_{dd}^{(1)}= 3N_1 a_{dd}^{(1)},$
$g_{dd}^{(12)}= 3N_2 a_{dd}^{(12)}m_1/2m_R,$
$g_{dd}^{(21)}= 3N_1 a_{dd}^{(12)}m_{1}/2m_R.$
In  (\ref{eq3}) and (\ref{eq4}), length is expressed in units of
oscillator length  $l_0=\sqrt{\hbar/(m_1\omega_1)}$,
energy in units of oscillator energy  $\hbar\omega_1$, density
$|\phi_i|^2$ in units of $l_0^{-3}$, and time in units of $
t_0=1/\omega_1$.

Convenient analytic variational approximation to  (\ref{eq3}) and (\ref{eq4}) can be obtained with the following
ansatz for the wave functions in case of axially symmetric traps with
$\nu_i=\gamma_i=1$:
\cite{17,Santos01,pg}
\begin{eqnarray} \phi_i({\bf r},t)=\frac{\pi^{-3/4}}{w_{\rho i}\sqrt{w_{z
i}}}\exp\Big[-\frac{\rho^2} {2w_{\rho
i}^2}-\frac{z^2}{2w_{zi}^2}+\mathrm{i}\alpha_i\rho^2+\mathrm{i}\beta_i
z^2\Big] \eeqa
where $ {\bf r}=\{\vec \rho,z   \}, {\vec \rho}=\{x,y\}$, $w_{\rho i}$ and $w_{z i}$ are the widths and $\alpha_i$ and
$\beta_i$ are additional
variational parameters. The effective Lagrangian for the binary system is
\cite{pg}
\begin{eqnarray}
\fl L=\int d{\bf r} \frac{1}{2}\Big[
\sum_i \Big\{ {\mathrm i}N_i(\phi_i\dot \phi_i^*- \phi_i^* \dot \phi_i)
+ N_ig_i|\phi_i({\bf r})|^4\Big\}
+N_1 [\rho^2+\lambda_1 z^2]|\phi_1({\bf r})|^2
\nonumber \\
\fl
+N_2 [\rho^2+\lambda_2 z^2]|\phi_2({\bf r})|^2m_\omega
+ N_1|\nabla \phi_1({\bf r})|^2+m_{12} N_2|\nabla \phi_2({\bf r})|^2+ 2N_1g_{12} |\phi_1({\bf r})|^2   |\phi_2({\bf r})|^2
\Big]
\nonumber \\
\fl
+ \int \int d{\bf r}' d{\bf r}
 \Big[  \sum_i\frac{N_i}{2}g_{dd}^{(i)} V_{dd}({\bf R})|\phi_i({\bf r'})|^2   |\phi_i({\bf r})|^2
+ {N_1}g_{dd}^{(12)} V_{dd}({\bf R})|\phi_1({\bf r'})|^2   |\phi_2({\bf r})|^2
\Big]
, \\
 \label{lag}
\fl =
\sum_{i=1}^2 \frac{N_i}{2}(2w_{\rho i}^2\dot \alpha_i + w_{z i}^2\dot\beta_i )
+N_1\left[\frac{w_{\rho 1}^2}{2}+\frac{\lambda_1 w_{z1}^2}{4}  \right]
+m_\omega N_2\left[\frac{w_{\rho 2}^2}{2} +\frac{\lambda_2 w_{z2}^2}{4}  \right]
\nonumber \\
\fl +
\frac{N_1}{2}
\biggr[\frac{1}{w_{\rho 1}^2}+\frac{1}{2w_{z1}^2}
+4w_{\rho 1}^2\alpha_1^2+
2w_{z1}^2\beta_1^2 \biggr]
+\frac{N_2m_{12}}{2}\biggr[\frac{1}{w_{\rho 2}^2}+\frac{1}{2w_{z2}^2}
+ 4w_{\rho 2}^2\alpha_2^2+
2w_{z2}^2\beta_2^2 \biggr]
\nonumber \\
\fl +\frac{N_1^2[ a_1-a_{dd}^{(1)}f(\kappa_1)]}
{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 1}^2w_{z 1}}+\frac{N_2^2 m_{12}
[a_2-a_{dd}^{(2)}f(\kappa_2)]
}
{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 2}^2w_{z 2}}
 +\frac{2m_1N_1N_2[a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}f(\kappa_3)]}{\sqrt \pi m_R w_{\rho 3}^2w_{z 3}}, \quad
     \\
f(\kappa)=\frac{1+2\kappa^2-3\kappa^2d(\kappa)}{1-\kappa^2}, \quad d(\kappa)=\frac{\mathrm{atan}(\sqrt{\kappa^2-1})}
{\sqrt{\kappa^2-1}}, \nonumber
\eeqa
where $\kappa_i=w_{\rho i}/w_{z i}, w_{\rho 3} =\sqrt{w_{\rho 1}^2+w_{\rho 2}^2}$ , $w_{z 3}
=\sqrt{ w_{z 1}^2+w_{z 2}^2}$.
In these equations the overhead dot denotes time derivative.

The Euler-Lagrange variational equations for the widths for the effective Lagrangian (\ref{lag}),
obtained in usual fashion \cite{pg},
can be written as
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eq10}\fl
\ddot{w}_{\rho 1}=-\omega_{\rho 1}  +
\frac{1}{w_{\rho 1}^3} +  \frac{N_1[2 a_1-a_{dd}^{(1)}g(\kappa_1)]
}{\sqrt{2\pi}
w_{\rho 1}^3w_{z1}}
+
\frac{2m_1 N_2 w_{\rho 1}[2a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}g(\kappa_3)] }{\sqrt \pi m_R   w_{\rho 3}^4  w_{z 3}  }
, \\ \label{eq11}
\fl \ddot{w}_{z1} = -\lambda_1\omega_{z1}+
\frac{1}{w_{z1}^3}+
\frac{2N_1[a_1-a_{dd}^{(1)}h(\kappa_1)]}{ \sqrt{2\pi} w_{\rho 1}^2w_{z1}^2}
+\frac{{{4}}m_1 N_2w_{z1}[a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}h(\kappa_3)]}{\sqrt \pi m_R w_{\rho 3}^2  w_{z 3}^3  },\\
\label{eq12}
\fl \ddot{w}_{\rho 2}=-m_\omega \omega_{\rho 2}
+
\frac{m_{12}}{w_{\rho 2}^3} + \frac{N_2m_{12} [2a_2-
a_{dd}^{(2)} g(\kappa_2)]}{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 2}^3w_{z2}}
+
\frac{2m_1 N_1 w_{\rho 2} [2a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}g(\kappa_3)]
 }{\sqrt \pi m_R w_{\rho 3}^4  w_{z 3} }
,
 \\ \label{eq13}
\fl  \ddot{w}_{z2}  = -m_\omega\lambda_2\omega_{z2}
+\frac{m_{12}}{ w_{z2}^3}
+\frac{2N_2m_{12} [a_2-
a_{dd}^{(2)}  h(\kappa_2)]}{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 2}^2w_{z2}^2}
+\frac{{{4}}m_1N_1  w_{z 2}[a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}h(\kappa_3)] }{\sqrt \pi m_R
  w_{\rho 3}^2  w_{z 3}^3 },\\
g(\kappa)=  \frac{2-7\kappa^2-4\kappa^4+9\kappa^4d(\kappa)}{(1-\kappa^2)^2}, \\
h(\kappa)=  \frac{1+10\kappa^2-2\kappa^4-9\kappa^2d(\kappa)}{(1-\kappa^2)^2}.
\eeqa
The solution of the time-dependent
equations (\ref{eq10}) $-$ (\ref{eq13}) gives the dynamics of the variational approximation.

The energy of the system is given by
\begin{eqnarray}\label{energy}
 E=
N_1\left[\frac{w_{\rho 1}^2}{2}+\frac{\lambda_1 w_{z1}^2}{4}  \right]
+m_\omega N_2\left[\frac{w_{\rho 2}^2}{2} +\frac{\lambda_2 w_{z2}^2}{4}  \right]
+
\frac{N_1}{2}
\biggr[\frac{1}{w_{\rho 1}^2}+\frac{1}{2w_{z1}^2} \biggr]
\nonumber \\
+\frac{N_2m_{12}}{2}\biggr[\frac{1}{w_{\rho 2}^2}+\frac{1}{2w_{z2}^2} \biggr]
+\frac{N_1^2[ a_1-a_{dd}^{(1)}f(\kappa_1)]}
{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 1}^2w_{z 1}}+\frac{N_2^2 m_{12}
[a_2-a_{dd}^{(2)}f(\kappa_2)]
}
{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 2}^2w_{z 2}}
\nonumber \\
+\frac{2m_1N_1N_2[a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}f(\kappa_3)]}{\sqrt \pi m_Rw_{\rho 3}^2w_{z 3}
 }.
\eeqa
The energy is actually the stationary (time-independent) part of the
Lagrangian (\ref{lag}).

If $\mu_i$  is the chemical potential with which the stationary wave function $\phi_i({\bf r},t)$
propagates in time, e.g.  $\phi_i({\bf r},t)\sim \exp(-i\mu_it )\phi_i({\bf r})$,
then the variational estimate for $\mu_i  (\equiv \partial E/\partial N_i )$ is:
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\mu_1=\frac{\partial E}{\partial N_1}  =\frac{1}{2}
\biggr[\frac{1}{w_{\rho 1}^2}+\frac{1}{2w_{z1}^2}\biggr]
+\left[\frac{w_{\rho 1}^2}{2}+\frac{\lambda_1 w_{z1}^2}{4}  \right]
\nonumber
\\&& +\frac{2N_1[a_1-a_{dd}^{(1)}f(\kappa_1)  ]}
{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 1}^2w_{z 1}}
+\frac{2m_1N_2[a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}f(\kappa_3)]}{\sqrt \pi m_Rw_{\rho 3}^2w_{z 3}}
  ,\\
&&\mu_2=\frac{\partial E}{\partial N_2}
=\frac{m_{12}}{2}\biggr[\frac{1}{w_{\rho 2}^2}+\frac{1}{2w_{z2}^2}
\biggr]
+m_\omega \left[\frac{w_{\rho 2}^2}{2} +\frac{\lambda_2 w_{z2}^2}{4}  \right]
\nonumber \\&&+ \frac{2N_2 m_{12}
[a_2-a_{dd}^{(2)}f(\kappa_2)]
}
{\sqrt{2\pi}w_{\rho 2}^2w_{z 2}}
+\frac{2m_1N_1[a_{12}-a_{dd}^{(12)}f(\kappa_3)]}{\sqrt \pi m_Rw_{\rho 3}^2w_{z 3}
 }.
\eeqa
The widths of the stationary binary dipolar soliton
can be
obtained from the solution of (\ref{eq10}) $-$ (\ref{eq13})
setting the time derivatives of the widths
 to zero.  This procedure is equivalent to a minimization of the energy (\ref{energy}), provided the
stationary binary soliton is stable and corresponds to a energy minimum. In section \ref{III}, we will consider diverse types of anisotropic binary solitons. However, the Gaussian variational approximation above is applicable to only
the conventional cigar-shaped axially-symmetric solitons with trap parameters
$\nu_i=\gamma_i=1$ and $\lambda_i=0$.

\section{Numerical Results}
\label{III}

We perform numerical calculation for the stability
and dynamics of the binary dipolar soliton using realistic values of
atom numbers and interaction
parameters
in the $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er mixture. The $^{164}$Dy and $^{168}$Er atoms
have the largest magnetic moments of all the dipolar atoms used in BEC experiments.
 The $^{164}$Dy atoms are labeled $i=1$ and  the $^{168}$Er atoms
are labeled $i=2$.
  The $^{164}$Dy atoms have a large magnetic dipole moment $\widehat \mu_1 = 10\mu_B$
\cite{ExpDy}
with $\mu_B$ $(=9.27402 \times 10^{-24}$ Am$^2$) the Bohr magneton
corresponding to the dipolar length $a_{dd}^{(1)}\equiv \mu_0\widehat \mu_1^2 m_1/(12\pi
\hbar^2)\approx 132.7a_0$, with $a_0$ $ (=5.29\times 10^{-11}$ m) the Bohr
radius, $\mu_0=4\pi\times 10^{-7}$ N/A$^2,$ $\hbar= 1.05457\times
10^{-34}$ m$^2$kg/s,  1 amu $= 1.66054 \times 10 ^{-27}$ kg.
For $^{168}$Er atoms, $\widehat \mu_2=7\mu_B$ \cite{ExpEr},
the dipolar length
$a_{dd}^{(2)}\equiv \mu_0\widehat \mu_2^2 m_2/(12\pi
\hbar^2)
\approx 66.6a_0$, and the interspecies
dipolar length
$a_{dd}^{(12)}\equiv
\mu_0\widehat \mu_1\widehat \mu_2m_R/(6\pi \hbar^2)
\approx 94.0a_0$.
Thus the dipolar interaction in $^{164}$Dy
atoms is more than eight times larger than that in $^{52}$Cr
atoms with a dipolar length  $a_{dd}\approx 15a_0$ \cite{cr,ExpCr}.

 The contribution of the dipolar interaction is calculated in momentum
space by Fourier transformation (FT) and the following convolution integral \cite{Santos01}
\begin{eqnarray}
\int d{\bf r}V_{dd}({\bf r-r'})n({\bf r'})=\int \frac{d{\bf k}}{(2\pi)^3}e^{i{\bf k}\cdot {\bf r}}\tilde V_{dd}(\bf k)\tilde n({\bf k}),\\
\tilde V_{dd}({\bf k})=\frac{4\pi}{3}\left[\frac{3k_z^2}{{\bf k}^2}-1     \right],
\end{eqnarray}
with density $n({\bf r})=|\phi({\bf r})|^2$. The FT is defined by
\begin{eqnarray}
\tilde A({\bf k})=\int d{\bf r}A({\bf r})e^{i{\bf k}\cdot {\bf r}}, \\
A({\bf r})=\int \frac{d{\bf k}}{(2\pi)^3}\tilde A({\bf k})e^{-i{\bf k}\cdot {\bf r}}.
\end{eqnarray}
The FT $\tilde n({\bf k})$ of density and the inverse FT are
 calculated numerically by a fast FT
 routine.  The whole procedure is performed in a
3D Cartesian coordinate system irrespective of
the underlying trap symmetry.
We solve  (\ref{eq3}) and (\ref{eq4})
by the split-step
Crank-Nicolson discretization scheme
using a space step of $\sim 0.1 - 0.2$
and the time step $\sim 0.001 -0.003$ \cite{Santos01,CPC}.

We will be studying
the binary solitons in different trap symmetries mostly for repulsive interspecies and intraspecies contact interactions. The attraction for the formation of the solitons  will be provided by the long-range dipolar interactions. These repulsive contact interactions will make the collapse more difficult and will generate robust binary dipolar solitons. This will allow us to consider binary solitons in a new scenario, which is not possible in a nondipolar BEC. However, that a net attraction for the formation of soliton is available  in the binary system, we take the
dipolar length scales larger than the corresponding atomic scattering lengths:
$a_{dd}^{(i)}>a_i, a_{dd}^{(12)}>a_{12}$. If these conditions are satisfied
the net nonlinear interaction turns to be attractive in an axially free set up
as can be realized from
 (\ref{lag}).
In the present study we take for the $^{164}$Dy atoms $a_1=120a_0$, and for the $^{168}$Er atoms $a_2=60a_0$.
The yet unknown interspecies scattering length $a_{12}$ is taken as a variable.
Of these, the scattering length $a_1$ of  $^{164}$Dy atoms is close to the experimental value
  \cite{ExpDy}. The scattering lengths $a_2$ and $a_{12}$ can be controlled by independent magnetic \cite{fesh} and optical Feshbach resonance \cite{opfesh}
techniques.
  We consider the trap frequencies
$\omega_1=\omega_2=2\pi \times 61$ Hz, so that the length scale $l_0\equiv
\sqrt{\hbar/m_1\omega_1}=1$ $\mu$m,
and the constant $m_\omega= 1/m_{12}$
in (\ref{eq4}).

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth,clip]{fig1.pdf}

\caption{   Stability phase diagram for a single-component
$^{164}$Dy soliton free to move along the axial $z$ direction
for a harmonic trap $\rho^2/2$ in the $x-y$ plane
as obtained from numerical calculation (n) and variational approximation (v).
The oscillator length $l_0=1$ $\mu$m, $a_{dd}$(Dy)=$132.7a_0$.
}\label{fig1} \end{center}

\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig2.pdf}

\caption{
   Stability phase plot for a binary
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton free to move along the axial $z$ direction
with the   axially-symmetric  trap $\rho^2/2$ in the $x-y$ plane on both components
as obtained from numerical calculation (n) and variational approximation (v).
The parameters employed are $a$(Dy)$=120a_0, a$(Er)$=60a_0, a_{dd}$(Dy)$=
132.7a_0, a_{dd}$(Er)$=66.6a_0, a_{dd}$(Dy-Er)$=94a_0$,
$l_0= 1$ $\mu$m and $m_\omega=1/m_{12}$.
}\label{fig2} \end{center}

\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig4.pdf}

\caption{
Numerically obtained   stability phase diagram for a binary quasi-2D
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton free to move in the $y-z$ plane
with the  harmonic trap $x^2/2$ on both components.
All parameters are the same as in figure \ref{fig2}.
}\label{fig4} \end{center}

\end{figure}

First we study the stability of a single-component  $^{164}$Dy soliton harmonically trapped in the $x-y$ plane
by the
potential  $\rho^2/2$  and free to move in the $z$ direction. The result is shown in figure \ref{fig1} where we
display the critical number of  atoms $N$(Dy) versus the atomic scattering length $a$(Dy) as obtained from
the Gaussian variational approximation and the complete numerical solution.   The variational energies are larger than the
numerical energies and the variational states are loosely bound compared the numerical states. Consequently, the variational
states can accommodate more dipolar atoms in  a stable dipolar soliton as seen in figure \ref{fig1}.

Now we study the
stability of a binary $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton free to move in the $z$ direction
while both components are harmonically trapped in the $x-y$ plane
by the potential  $\rho^2/2$.  Both numerical and variational results are shown in figure \ref{fig2} for the number of  $^{164}$Dy atoms $N$(Dy) = 1000. In this figure we plot the critical number of  $^{168}$Er
atoms $N$(Er)  in the stable binary soliton versus the interatomic scattering length $a$(Dy-Er). As in the single-component case, the
variational critical number of   $^{168}$Er atoms in the binary soliton is larger than the numerical critical number of the same.

In the above examples we considered only  the  soliton(s) with an axially-symmetric trap in the $x-y$ plane. In case of single-component dipolar soliton, the axial symmetry can be removed by taking only a harmonic or optical-lattice (OL) trap along the $x$  direction, thus generating an asymmetric two-dimensional soliton free to move in the
$y-z$ plane \cite{2D}.
In case of binary dipolar solitons the axial symmetry of the trap acting
on one or both components can be removed,  thus generating a new class of
asymmetric  binary solitons.  One example of such asymmetric binary soliton is obtained by considering the harmonic
trap $x^2/2$ on both components.
In this case both component solitons  $^{164}$Dy and $^{168}$Er are clearly asymmetric.
  A stability phase diagram in this case is shown in figure \ref{fig4}
for 1000 $^{164}$Dy atoms, where  we plot the critical number $N$(Er)
of $^{168}$Er atoms in a stable binary soliton versus the interspecies scattering
length $a$(Dy-Er).
In the following we will also consider few examples of binary dipolar solitons
with other types of traps.

In figures \ref{fig2} and \ref{fig4} we have considered different types of
traps to achieve the binary dipolar soliton. As the number of  traps
on the binary soliton is reduced the solitons become
loosely bound thus accommodating more atoms. The increase of the number of
traps makes the binary
soliton more compact and thus vulnerable to collapse due
to strong dipolar interaction. The binary soliton of figure \ref{fig2}
 is most compact with four 1D traps, that figure \ref{fig4} has
two 1D traps.
Consequently, for the fixed number
$N$(Dy) = 1000 of $^{164}$Dy atoms, the critical number
of numerically obtained $^{168}$Er atoms is  smaller in
figure  \ref{fig2} compared to those in figure \ref{fig4}.

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig8a.png}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig8b.png}

\caption{  Isodensity plots of numerically obtained
(a) $^{164}$Dy and (b)
$^{168}$Er profiles
 of a binary cigar-shaped
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton
 of 1000 atoms each, with the radial trap $\rho^2/2$
on both components, and
free to move along the $z$ direction. All parameters are the same as
in figure \ref{fig2} except the interspecies scattering length
  $a$(Dy-Er) = $70a_0$. Lengths are in units of $l_0 (\equiv 1$ $\mu$m)  and density
in units of $l_0^{-3}$.
The density on contour is 0.001.
}\label{fig5} \end{center}

\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.49\linewidth]{fig7a.png}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig7b.png}

\caption{
 Isodensity plots of numerically obtained
(a) $^{164}$Dy and (b)
$^{168}$Er profiles
 of a binary
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton
 of 1000 atoms each and
free to move along the $z$ direction. The first component
(Dy), subject to a harmonic trap $x^2/2$, has a quasi-2D
profile in $y-z$ plane whereas
the second component (Er) with the  trap $\rho^2/2$ has a
 quasi-1D profile along $z$ axis.
All parameters are the same as
in figure \ref{fig2} except the interspecies scattering length
  $a$(Dy-Er) = $50a_0$.
The density on contour is 0.001.
}\label{fig6} \end{center}
\end{figure}

The numerically obtained
profiles of different types of binary dipolar solitons are next illustrated  by their isodensity contours. First we consider
the axially-symmetric binary soliton with the axially-symmetric trap $\rho^2/2$ acting on both components
and free to move along the $z$ direction.  The corresponding isodensity
profiles of the two components are shown in Figs. \ref{fig5} (a) and (b) for  1000 $^{164}$Dy and 1000 $^{168}$Er atoms, respectively. The solitons have axially-symmetric cigar shapes.  Next we consider an asymmetric binary dipolar soliton with the
harmonic 1D
trap $x^2/2$ on the first component (Dy) and the axially-symmetric trap  $\rho^2/2$ on the second component (Er).
The corresponding isodensity
profiles of the two components are shown in Figs. \ref{fig6} (a) and (b).

\begin{figure

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig6a.png}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig6b.png}

\caption{  Isodensity plots of numerically obtained
(a) $^{164}$Dy and (b)
$^{168}$Er profiles of a binary
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton
of 1000 atoms each and
free to move in the $y-z$ plane.
Both components, subject
to the harmonic trap $x^2/2$, have a quasi-2D profile in $y-z$ plane.
All parameters are the same as
in figure \ref{fig2} except the interspecies scattering length
  $a$(Dy-Er) = $30a_0$.
The density on contour is 0.001.
}\label{fig7} \end{center}

\end{figure}

Now we consider the shape of binary dipolar soliton with asymmetric traps on
each of the two components. The easiest way to achieve this is to apply the
asymmetric trap $x^2/2$ on each of the components. Such a binary soliton is free to move in the $y-z$ plane. Because of the only trap in the $x$ direction
it is thin in this direction and has a large size in the $y-z$  plane. {The extension along the polarization $z$ direction is the largest as the aligned dipoles along this direction lead to a natural  elongation along this direction for large dipolar interaction, as clearly demonstrated in figures 1 and 3 of
\cite{cr}, where it is experimentally observed  that  an increase  of the dipolar parameter $a_{dd}/a$ leads to an elongation of the BEC
along the polarization $z$ direction.  The change in the dipolar parameter was achieved by changing the scattering length $a$ by the Feshbach resonance technique \cite{fesh}.}
The profiles of the 1000 $^{164}$Dy and the 1000 $^{168}$Er atoms in this binary soliton
are quite similar and are illustrated in figures \ref{fig7} (a) and (b), respectively, for the $^{164}$Dy and $^{168}$Er components.

 The binary solitons considered
so far have a qualitatively similar shape for the two components and hence they are best illustrated in two different plots.
Next we consider two more types of asymmetric binary solitons which lead to very distinct profiles for the two components. In these cases, in addition to distinct plot for the two components, it is also illustrative to plot the isodensity profiles of the binary soliton.  First we consider an
asymmetric  harmonic trap $x^2/2$ on the first component (Dy) and an asymmetric trap $y^2/2$ on the second component (Er).  The binary soliton is free to move in the $z$ direction with the quasi-2D profile of the
first component lying in the $y-z$ plane and the quasi-2D profile of the
second component lying in the $x-z$ plane.  Again due to the aligned dipoles
in the polarization $z$ direction the binary soliton has the largest spatial
extension along this direction. The isodensity contour of the two components
and of the binary soliton are illustrated in figures \ref{fig8} (a), (b), and
(c), respectively.

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.325\linewidth]{fig5a.png}
\includegraphics[width=.325\linewidth]{fig5b.png}
\includegraphics[width=.325\linewidth]{fig5c.png}

\caption{
 Isodensity plots of numerically obtained
(a) $^{164}$Dy and (b)
$^{168}$Er and (c)   $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er
profiles of a binary
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton
of 1000 atoms each and
free to move in the $z$ direction.
 The first component
(Dy), subject to a harmonic trap $x^2/2$, has a quasi-2D
profile in $y-z$ plane whereas
the second component (Er) with the  trap $y^2/2$ has a
 quasi-2D profile in the  $x-z$ plane.
All parameters are the same as
in figure \ref{fig2} except the interspecies scattering length
  $a$(Dy-Er) = $20a_0$.
The density on contour is 0.001.
}\label{fig8} \end{center}

\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.32\linewidth,clip]{fig9a.png}
\includegraphics[width=.32\linewidth,clip]{fig9b.png}
\includegraphics[width=.32\linewidth,clip]{fig9c.png}

\caption{  Isodensity plots of numerically obtained
(a) $^{164}$Dy and (b)
$^{168}$Er and (c)   $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er
profiles of a binary
$^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton of 200 $^{164}$Dy atoms and
 1000 $^{168}$Er atoms
free to move in the $y$ direction.
 The first component
(Dy), subject to a harmonic trap $(x^2+z^2)/2$,
has a quasi-1D profile along $y$ direction whereas
the second component (Er) with the  trap $x^2/2$ has a
 quasi-2D profile in the  $y-z$ plane.
All parameters are the same as
in figure \ref{fig2} except the interspecies scattering length
  $a$(Dy-Er) = $-40a_0$.
The density on contour is 0.001.
}\label{fig9} \end{center}
\end{figure}

The binary solitons considered so far have repulsive  interspecies
and intraspecies contact interactions. These solitons are solely confined
by the dipolar interaction. Now we consider a new class of binary soliton
stabilized by attractive interspecies contact interaction. In this case the
first component $^{164}$Dy is subject to the harmonic trap $(x^2+z^2)/2$
and the second component $^{168}$Er is subject to the trap $x^2/2$. The interspecies scattering length is set at $a$(Dy-Er)$= -40a_0$. The shapes
of the two components are quite distinct in this case.
The isodensity profiles of  $^{164}$Dy and $^{168}$Er  are
shown in figures \ref{fig9} (a) and (b) and that of the binary overlapping
soliton is illustrated in figure \ref{fig9} (c).

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth,clip]{fig10a.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth,clip]{fig10b.pdf}
\caption{  Variational (v) and numerical (n) results
for chemical potential $\mu_i$  and rms size
 $\langle z_i\rangle $ for the binary $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er
soliton
versus (a) $N$(Er) for $N$(Dy) $= 1000$, and
 (b) $N$(Dy) for $N$(Er) $= 1000$,
with the harmonic trap $\rho^2/2$ on both components.
All parameters are the same as
in figure \ref{fig2} except the interspecies scattering length
  $a$(Dy-Er) = $70a_0$.
    }
\label{fig10}\end{center}

\end{figure}

To test the variational approximations (\ref{eq10}), (\ref{eq11}),
(\ref{eq12}), and (\ref{eq13}), we use them to study the statics and dynamics
of  the axially-symmetric binary $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er solitons with the radial
trap $\rho^2/2$ on both components
and compare
the results with the numerical solution of  (\ref{eq3}) and (\ref{eq4}).
We fix the number of either $^{164}$Dy or $^{168}$Er atoms in the binary soliton
to be 1000 and vary
the number of the other type of atoms for the fixed interspecies scattering length
$a_{12}=70a_0$. In this fashion we calculate the chemical potential and root-mean-square (rms) sizes $\langle x\rangle$,   $\langle y\rangle$, and  $\langle z\rangle$,  of the binary solitons.  Because of the radial trap $\rho^2/2$, rms sizes $\langle x\rangle$ and    $\langle y\rangle$ converge
pretty rapidly and the variational estimates for these sizes agree well with
the numerical results. On the other hand, the lack of trap in the $z$ direction
makes the convergence of the rms size $\langle z\rangle$ very difficult and the
variational estimates show larger discrepancies when compared with the
numerical solution. Hence we present results for the rms size $\langle z\rangle$ and the chemical potential for the binary solitons as obtained from
variational approximation and numerical solution. In figure \ref{fig10} (a)
we present these results versus the number of $^{168}$Er atoms $N$(Er) for a fixed number $N$(Dy) = 1000 of   $^{164}$Dy atoms. In figure \ref{fig10} (b)
we show the same versus the number of $^{164}$Dy atoms $N$(Dy) for a fixed number $N$(Er) = 1000 of   $^{168}$Er atoms. From figures \ref{fig10} we find
that the agreement between the variational and numerical results is satisfactory. The larger discrepancy occurs for larger number of atoms in the
binary soliton. For larger number of atoms, the large nonlinear interactions
in the binary soliton change the profile of the solitons from the assumed
Gaussian shape in the variational approximation thus leading to a larger
discrepancy between variational and numerical estimates.

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig11a.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=.49\linewidth]{fig11b.pdf}
\caption{  Numerical (num) and variational (var)
time evolutions of rms size $\langle x \rangle $
of (a) $^{164}$Dy and (b) $^{168}$Er components in the
binary soliton of figure \ref{fig5} upon a small perturbation. }
\label{fig11}\end{center}

\end{figure}

We investigate the dynamics of an axially-symmetric
 binary  $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er soliton
free to move along the axial $z$
direction and radially trapped by the potential $\rho^2/2$.
A small oscillation is generated by an infinitesimal perturbation
in the numerical routine. The oscillation in the radial direction is
quasi sinusoidal, whereas the oscillation in the axial direction is
found to be more complicated. This is due to the presence of the harmonic trap
in the radial direction. In figures \ref{fig11} (a) and (b), to show
the radial oscillation of the two components of the binary soliton we
plot the time evolution of the rms size $\langle x \rangle$ of the two components $-$ $^{164}$Dy and $^{168}$Er, respectively.
The same oscillations generated from the variational equations
(\ref{eq10}) $-$ (\ref{eq13}) are also shown in these figures.
Considering the complicated dynamics the agreement between the two results is
quite satisfactory.

\begin{figure}[!t]

\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig12.pdf}

\caption{ Integrated 1D density $|\phi_i(z; t)|^2 =
\int dx \int dy |\phi_i({\bf r},t)|^2$
 of (a) Dy and (b) Er atoms during real-time propagation
when the axial trap of angular frequency $\omega_z = 2 \pi \times
3$
Hz on a quasi-1D axially-symmetric binary  dipolar BEC of 1000 Dy and 5000 Er atoms
is removed linearly for $20 > t/t_0 > 0$ and the resultant soliton
is propagated for $t/t_0>20$.
The profiles of the 1D density of (c) Dy and (d) Er atoms at times $t/t_0 = 100, 200,300$ and 400
during real-time propagation compared with the stationary 1D density of the binary soliton
obtained from imaginary-time propagation (Stationary).
Parameters used in simulation: $a_{dd}($Dy$) =
132.7a_0; a_{dd}($Er$) = 66.6a_0; a_{dd}($Dy-Er$) = 94.0a_0; a($Dy$) =
120a_0; a($Er$) = 60a_0; a($Dy-Er$) = 70a_0; \omega_\rho = 2\pi \times 61$ Hz. }
\label{fig12}\end{center}

\end{figure}

{ As the dipolar solitons are robust and stable, they can be prepared and studied experimentally relatively easily as compared to nondipolar solitons. To obtain a quasi-1D dipolar binary soliton free to move along axial $z$ direction and bound by the harmonic trap $\rho^2/2$ in the $x-y$ plane, first,   we prepare a quasi-1D binary dipolar BEC bound under an weak axial trap: $V({\bf r})=(\rho^2+\lambda^2z^2)/2, \lambda = 0.05$, corresponding to  radial and axial traps with angular frequencies $\omega_\rho = 2\pi \times 61$ Hz and $\omega_z \approx 2\pi \times 3$ Hz.  Then we slowly and linearly remove the axial trap in 20 units of dimensionless time $t/t_0$, when the bound binary dipolar BEC turns to a binary dipolar BEC soliton. To illustrate the viability of this scheme we prepare the axially-symmetric binary dipolar BEC
wave functions in imaginary-time propagation of Eqs. (\ref{eq3}) and (\ref{eq4}) with $\nu_1=\gamma_1=\nu_2=\gamma_2=1$ and $\lambda_1=\lambda_2 = 0.05$.  The dipolar binary BEC wave functions obtained in imaginary-time simulation is then used in the real-time routine to study the dynamics of the preparation of the dipolar binary soliton.
During real-time propagation,
from $t/t_0$ = 0 to 20 the axial trap $\lambda^2z^2/2$ is gradually
(linearly) reduced to zero, so that for $t/t_0 > 20$ the
 axially free quasi-1D binary dipolar soliton emerges. Then we continue the real-time propagation for
a large interval of time and establish a stable binary soliton at large times. The result of the   simulation is presented in figure \ref{fig12}, where we plot the integrated 1D densities $|\phi_i(z,t)|^2 = \int dx \int dy |\phi({\bf r},t)|^2$ during real-time propagation. We further confirm that the profiles of the binary dipolar soliton oscillated a little during real-time propagation
around the stationary  soliton profiles obtained from imaginary-time propagation. To this end,
we show in figures \ref{fig12} (c) and (d) the 1D density of Dy and Er atoms  at times
$t/t_0 = 100, 200, 300, $ and 400 together with the converged
stationary imaginary-time profiles.
The stable and robust peaks of the component solitons  confirm the solitonic nature of the binary  BEC. In this fashion all the binary solitons could be realized in laboratory, by including a weak trap along the free propagation direction(s) and eventually realeasing these traps slowly.  A nondipolar BEC soliton stabilized by contact attraction alone
cannot be prepared in this fashion. }

\section{Summary and Discussion}
\label{IV}

Using variational approximation and numerical solution of a set of coupled 3D mean-field GP equations,
we demonstrate the existence
 of a  dipolar binary  $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er  soliton stabilized  by
inter- and intraspecies
dipolar interactions in the presence of repulsive
 inter- and intraspecies contact interactions.
  The domain of stability of the binary soliton
 is highlighted in stability phase diagrams of number of $^{164}$Dy and $^{168}$Er
 atoms and interspecies scattering length
$a_{12}$ for fixed dipolar interactions and intraspecies contact interactions.
We considered distinct spatial shapes  of the two components of the
binary dipolar soliton, e.g., (a) both with quasi-1D profile along the polarization $z$ direction, (b) both with quasi-2D profile in the $y-z$ plane,
(c) one component  with quasi-1D profile along the $z$ direction and
the other with quasi-2D profile in the $y-z$ plane, (d) one component  with quasi-2D profile in the $y-z$ plane and the other with quasi-2D profile in the $x-z$ plane,  etc.
  Results of variational approximation and numerical solution for
the statics (sizes and chemical potentials) and dynamics (breathing oscillation) of the binary  $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er  soliton   with
both components having axially-symmetric quasi-1D profile
are found to be in
satisfactory agreement with each other.

The solitons considered in this work are stabilized by long-range dipolar
attraction and short-range contact repulsion. The repulsion in the dipolar
interaction is equilibrated by a harmonic  trap. Hence unlike normal BEC
solitons stabilized by short-range contact attraction alone, the present dipolar
BEC solitons will be more immune to collapse due to short-range repulsion
and can easily accommodate 10000 atoms of the  binary $^{164}$Dy-$^{168}$Er mixture as can be
seen from Figs. \ref{fig2} and \ref{fig4}.
A possible way of preparing these binary dipolar solitons is suggested.
As these solitons are robust and stable one can first prepare the binary dipolar BECs  with weak
traps along the mobile directions. Then these weak traps are to be removed slowly, when the binary BECs will turn to binary solitons. The viability of this approach is
demonstrated  by real-time
simulation.
Hence these solitons could be of great experimental interest. With the present experimental techniques,
such binary dipolar BECs can be observed and the conclusions of the present study verified.

\ack

We thank
FAPESP  and  CNPq (Brazil)  for partial support.

\section*{References}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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The debris in gutters, especially when moist, is a very attractive habitat to insects. Nasty critters like carpenter ants, roaches, earwigs, mosquitoes, and even termites are likely to cause an infestation in uncleaned gutters. Even worse, these insects will be attracted to the inside of the house when the weather changes.
If gutters are not cleaned and water overflows from the gutters, it will often fall along the foundation of the building. This can soften the soil under and around it which will eventually lead to cracks in your foundation. Also, if the foundation is wet and then freezes, this can cause heaving, cracks, and structural failure.
Some homes have foundations made from wood. Without a clean gutter for the water to drain properly into, the water can accumulate and over time, the wood foundation will rot. In addition to causing damage to your foundation, this wood rot can spread to adjacent areas and provides an easy point of entry for rodents.
When a gutter is unable to properly retain water, the water then leaks out to the landscape, including your exterior plants and grass. Overwatered plants and grass can turn dull and die, causing an ugly, drowning landscape. If left alone long enough, this erosion can etch away the landscape under the clogged gutter and leave a ditch.


text:
Bik Lab @ UC Riverside
home research people publications news press + outreach
homeresearchpeoplepublicationsnewspress + outreach
HOLLY BIK
Dr. Holly Bik is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Nematology at the University of California-Riverside. She obtained her Ph.D. in molecular phylogenetics at University of Southampton, UK (working with John Lambshead at the Natural History Museum, London, in conjunction with the UK National Oceanography Center). She completed postdoctoral appointments with Kelley Thomas at the University of New Hampshire and Jonathan Eisen at the University of California–Davis. In 2014 she was awarded a Bioinformatics Fellowship at the University of Birmingham, UK.
Aside from research, Holly is heavily involved in science communication and social media, serving as Associate Editor for the popular marine blog Deep-Sea News and maintaining an active presence on Twitter (@hollybik). She has co-authored a number of peer-reviewed articles on the use of social media and online tools in academia, including "An Introduction to Social Media for Scientists" in PLoS Biology and "Ten Simple Rules for Effective Online Outreach" in PLoS Computational Biology.
Email: holly.bik@ucr.edu
Click here for my Google Scholar profile
Twitter (@hollybik)
Curriculum Vitae - PDF download
TIAGO JOSÉ PEREIRA
postdoctoral scholar
Dr. Tiago José Pereira is a molecular biologist and ecologist broadly interested in the study of marine meiofauna, particularly free-living nematodes. Previously, he worked with benthic meio- and macrofaunal organisms, mostly using them as bioindicators to access environmental disturbance in diverse marine/estuarine ecosystems. For his PhD, Tiago studied systematics and phylogenetics of soil and plant-parasitic nematodes, while maintaining a strong interest in marine biology/ecology. After completing his PhD, Tiago worked as postdoctorate researcher in the Baldwin Lab at UC Riverside on a project focused on using rapid methods (i.e. reverse taxonomy and metagenetics) to characterize soil nematode diversity in desert habitats. His current research in the Bik Lab focuses on patterns of diversity of meiofauna, especially free-living nematodes, in marine sediments from a variety of geographic regions (e.g. Alaskan Arctic, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of California). This research integrates classical taxonomy (i.e. morphology-based) and molecular approaches (i.e. single individual DNA barcode and Illumina sequencing) as well as computational analysis of high-throughput sequencing datasets (i.e. metagenome assembly/annotation, ecological/statistical analyses of environmental RNA amplicons).
Email: tiago.pereira@ucr.edu
Hannah Kissinger
Hannah Kissinger is a Ph.D. student in the Microbiology Graduate Program at UC Riverside. Her research interests are focused on the use of environmental -Omics for rapid biomonitoring of marine sediments, including high-throughtput bioinformatics workflows for assessing habitat status and species assemblages.
Patricia Holt-Torres
Patricia Holt-Torres is a Ph.D. student in the Microbiology Graduate Program at UC Riverside. Her research interests are focused on host-microbe associations, with an emphasis on nematode microbiome taxa.
Mirayana Marcelino Barros
Mirayana Marcelino Barros is a Ph.D. student in the Microbiology Graduate Program at UC Riverside. Her research interests are focused on nematode phylogenomics, deep-sea biodiversity, and molecular taxonomy.
Alejandro De Santiago Perez
Alejandro De Santiago Perez has worked as an undergraduate student researcher in the Bik Lab since 2017. His research interests are focused on developing bioinformatics workflows for the analysis of metabarcoding and metagenomics datasets.
Christian Udealor
Christian Udealor has worked as an undergraduate student researcher in the Bik Lab since 2018. His research interests are focused on marine sediment sample processing and bioinformatics data analysis.
Former Bik Lab Members
Taruna Schuelke (Bioinformatician and Lab Manager, 2016-2018) - currently a microbiology Ph.D. student in the Wilbanks lab at UC Santa Barbara
Vanessa Guzman (undergraduate researcher, 2017-2018)
Amy Hodges (SALSA summer undergraduate intern, 2017)
TwitterGitHub

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: ListView inside ScrollView scroll improvement I can see some questions about "ListView inside ScrollView" issue. And I know, that we shouldn't do such nesting, just because both components have their own scrolling and Google said so(I've read that it is useless thing). But in my current project I need such behavior: if listview can scroll - it is scrolling, if not(top or bottom border of listview) - scrollview is scrolling.
So, I've wrote such code:
public static void smartScroll(final ScrollView scroll, final ListView list){
        scroll.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
        list.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
            private boolean isListTop = false, isListBottom = false;
            private float delta = 0, oldY = 0;
            @Override
            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    oldY = event.getY();
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    delta = 0;
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    delta = event.getY() - oldY;
                    oldY = event.getY();

                    isListTop = false;
                    isListBottom = false;

                    View first = list.getChildAt(0);
                    View last = list.getChildAt(list.getChildCount()-1);
                    if(first != null && list.getFirstVisiblePosition() == 0 && first.getTop() == 0 && delta > 0.0f){
                        isListTop = true;
                    }
                    if(last != null && list.getLastVisiblePosition() == list.getCount()-1 && last.getBottom() <= list.getHeight() && delta < 0.0f){
                        isListBottom = true;
                    }

                    if( (isListTop && delta > 0.0f) || (isListBottom && delta < 0.0f) ){
                        scroll.post(new Runnable() {
                            public void run() {
                                scroll.smoothScrollBy(0, -(int)delta);
                            }
                        });
                    }

                    break;
                default: break;
                }
                scroll.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                return false;
            }
        });
    }

And it works, at least on target API 8. But there are some scroll glitches(unnatural jumps). I think, the cause in scroll.smoothScrollBy(0, -(int)delta); Have anybody thoughts, how to improve scrollview scrolling :)? It is called often(on move) and on post, maybe that is the cause?

A: I have faced same problem. I've improved this code and now it works correct i think.
    public static void smartScroll(final ScrollView scroll, final ListView list){
    list.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
        private boolean isListTop = false, isListBottom = false;
        private float delta = 0, oldY = 0;
        @Override
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
            switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    scroll.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                    list.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);
                    oldY = event.getY();
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    delta = 0;
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    delta = event.getY() - oldY;
                    oldY = event.getY();

                    isListTop = false;
                    isListBottom = false;

                    View first = list.getChildAt(0);
                    View last = list.getChildAt(list.getChildCount()-1);
                    if(first != null && list.getFirstVisiblePosition() == 0 && first.getTop() == 0 && delta > 0.0f){
                        isListTop = true;
                    }
                    if(last != null && list.getLastVisiblePosition() == list.getCount()-1 && last.getBottom() <= list.getHeight() && delta < 0.0f){
                        isListBottom = true;
                    }

                    if( (isListTop && delta > 0.0f) || (isListBottom && delta < 0.0f) ){
                        scroll.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);
                        list.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                    }
                    break;
                default: break;
            }
            return false;
        }
    });
}

When we touch listview - we enable its scroll and disable parent scroll:
                    scroll.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                    list.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);

And if we reaching the border of the list - we disable its scroll and enable parent scroll :
                    scroll.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);
                    list.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);

It scrolls pretty smoothy for me. Hope this helps.

A: If the parent is ScrollView , change it as LinearLayout. It will work. For example , in here I wrote LinearLayout instead of ScrollView.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/scroll"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:fillViewport="true">

        <ListView android:id="@+id/fontlistView"
            android:scrollbars="vertical"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:scrollbarAlwaysDrawVerticalTrack="true">
        </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

A: i think u need this
listview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.search_list);
listview.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                    v.getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                } else if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
                    v.getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);

                }
                return false;
            }
        });

A: My sugesstion would put the listview tag out side the scrollview. And the add the area outside the listview inside a scrollview. Then put everything inside a linear layout. So the scollview and listview will be seperate.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


We're all pretty aware these days of the fact that we leave a digital footprint whenever we access digital or online services. Of course it's generally the case that we never actually benefit from the data that we leave behind. Thanks to our latest Startup of the Week however that is all about to change.
Powr of You is an innovative new analytics platform which collates users' online presence and in turn gives them both personal insights as well as the option to monetize their data.
In essence, if you register on the site, you can not only find out more about yourself through the analysis of what you are doing online but you can also analyse your own activities in comparison with those of your friends. What you do with what you learn about yourself is of course entirely up to you!
Well, as we all know, organisations and marketers are always trying to get a clearer understanding of customers needs and desires. And they're willing to pay for it. Powr of you provides a service to those organisations and marketers by giving them the data that they need to get that much needed customer info.
However, where Powr of You is unique is in the fact that the customer i.e. you can benefit financially too.
Every time that an organisation pays for data that gives them that all important customer insight, Powr of you shares some of that payment with the users who helped generate and create that insight. It's a win win.
Watch the short video below to get a more thorough explanation into how it all works.
It's refreshing to see a startup like this that's not all about exploiting customer data but instead is trying to ensure that those very customers who generate the data get something back.
We're all online these days so why shouldn't we try and make a little money from something we're doing anyway!


Fifty years ago I had my first clear faith at work awakening. I was a junior at the University of California Berkeley studying to become a high school history teacher.
I began to wonder what to do with the fact that my university courses assumed there was no god active in history; in fact, even religion played very little role in the historical explanations of my professors, even in courses on the history of the Roman Empire and the Reformation Era. In stark contrast, my personal life and church life always assumed a living God active in human affairs in the past as well as present.
I could have just lived with a compartmentalized mind, I suppose, but my understanding that Christian discipleship was 24/7 and included all of our life and thought made that dualism impossible. I needed to figure out how to integrate a biblical faith perspective on history into my studies and my future professional life as a historian.
Soon enough I felt the same about the teaching profession itself: how should the teaching practices and views of Jesus and Scripture affect what the university and the educational guild taught me about educating young people?
But I have to say that when I began to look for help integrating my faith with my education and work – and not just for me as a history teacher but for my friends in law, medicine, business, or engineering — there was not a lot out there. Our churches and pastors had nothing to say. The American Scientific Affiliation was a bright exception for those in the sciences but the Christian business groups and fellowships I explored did not really seem interested in integrating biblical teaching on money, management, debt, and so forth, with what their people learned in business school or practiced in the marketplace.
The seminaries only cared about training future pastors and religious professionals. The university Christian student groups focused mostly on small group Bible studies, prayer, and campus evangelism — and on calling college students to abandon their university academic and career interests to commit to missionary lives as evangelists and church planters.
Some exceptional things began to appear in the late Sixties and gathered momentum in the Seventies, Eighties, and since. It is really just incredible how things have changed for the better these past four or five decades. Today there are many pastors and churches promoting and assisting workplace discipleship. Several seminaries, some business schools, countless marketplace ministries, and a ton of books and conferences flourish as faith at work resources. And nobody, no individual, no organization, has been in charge of this movement. Clearly, God is in charge (at least for all the good things in the movement). And that is a good thing.
First: Everybody's work matters to God. Not just the work of pastors and missionaries but everyone's work matters to God. Paid and unpaid work, labor and management, male and female, it all matters. Jesus wants to be Lord of all of our work. God's calling might just as much be to work as a truck driver or child care giver or lawyer as a pastor.
Third, God models good work for humanity. Because we are all made in the image and likeness of God — and because we are being conformed to the image of his Son — God's work as Creator, Sustainer, and Redeemer and Jesus' example as Reconciler and Servant Leader also provide powerful guidance on good work. It's not just the teaching but also the example.
Fourth, In word & deed we represent Christ in the workplace. All of us are called upon both (1) to speak the truth in love in our workplace communication, reporting, marketing, and to share our faith with those around us, and (2) to act the truth — to set an example of God-honoring workplace conduct at all times.
Of course if we move outside of our various marketplace and workplace leadership and movements, if we were to survey church members around the world, it is likely that only a small percentage could articulate these five basic convictions, much less evidence a living commitment to them. So Faith@Work 101 needs now — and will always need — to be actively promoted and taught in our churches and all other Christian contexts. These five basics need to be constantly and creatively promoted.
Stay tuned for a followup post on how to move from these points to Faith@Work 201.


Differences of faith may separate peoples, but food is the common tie that transcends faith, binding us all into the community of man.
Christians, Jews and Muslims have faiths that are founded in the Old Testament and on principles of peace. Despite that, since Abraham's time, dissension, disagreement and even war have been the unfortunate hallmarks of intense faith and ideological practice. Yet despite all our differences, our faiths have many similarities and oddly, in the foods we eat in our holiday celebrations.
For example, in Judaism, Hanukkah is often celebrated with a cooked goose. So too is Christmas and much to our great surprise, they are cooked in almost identical ways. Pictured here, a roast goose looks the same on a Christian or a Jewish holiday table, and tastes as good. For the unfortunate bird, it comes of age just in time for the holiday season, so farmers from Egypt to Scandinavia have found them the perfect choice for the winter celebrations.
Jews enjoy Charoset, a combination of preserved fruits and nuts, very similar to foods eaten by Muslims, as Christians add nuts and candied and glaceed fruits to fruitcake and pastries. The commonalities are far greater than the differences, which is what we should always remember when thinking of those outside our own faith.
At the Passover holiday, Matzoh, an unleavened flat bread is made, but in some areas of the world, Jews use a softer unleavened flatbread, similar to breads made in northern African countries like Morocco and Egypt. At the same time of year, Christians celebrate the Last Supper with creations of bread of varying styles and nature from Russia to South America, while Catholics in particular, take a Communion wafer that like matzoh, is flat and unleavened as part of the religious observance on the Sabbath.
There are hundreds of foods that cross over from one faith to another and many of these have simple roots in the things that we all share. Shouldn't we focus our attention on those things, break bread and rediscover what our ancestors knew to be our common interests, rather than fighting or spending our time in disagreement?
The best means of resolving disputes is to bring people to the table and to share their common interests through the meal. It is an ancient method of diplomacy, and it works.
As Hanukkah and Christmas are celebrated in the upcoming days, let us remember that all of us have many common roots, and celebrate those in shared plates of food.


Olivia Sorley is a film editor who has been interested in film since she was eleven years old. With a keen passion for storytelling, Olivia dreams of becoming a world-class feature film editor and her motivation has never wavered. By studying film at UBC and working on as many films as she can, she hopes to develop her skills and create stories that have an impact on people.


Seattle, WA 9am-5pm PI Boost $149 – Register here (Dr. Shetlin) Topics: Objective Findings, Litigation, Expert Witness, Inter-professional communication.
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ATTENTION: If your organization sets up events, we are happy to bring THREE instructors for just $5000 per event. You are welcome to charge what you want for the seminar to your attendees and market it how you like. Use it as a fund raiser for your State Association. Use it for your personal gain. As stated, we simply charge a flat fee for TWO or THREE of our instructors to present to your town.


Description: Glossy cherry red cotton filled jewelry gift box. This gift box is a perfect size for bracelets and watches. These boxes are made, packaged and sold in the U.S.A. These boxes are made with rigid white lined board and filled with non-tarnishing jeweler's cotton.


DENVER Brent Hajek faced a demanding deadline when he got the call to fix up a 1973 Chevelle he owns in time for last week's Speed Street festivities in uptown Charlotte.
Racing legend Bobby Allison competed in the car four decades ago and planned to drive it again as grand marshal of Thursday's Speed Street parade.
Hajek, owner of Hajek Motorsports in Ames, Okla., had 90 days to restore the car.
"It was a hunk of junk," he recalled.
Hajek contacted Don Miller, former president of Penske Racing South, to find the right person to refurbish the Chevelle: Bill Rhine, owner of Rhine Enterprise on Burnwood Trail, off N.C. 16 in Denver.
Rhine calls his nondescript 7,500-square-foot building the best-kept secret in racing.
He and his crew have restored 30 to 40 vintage cars since opening 11 years ago, and they finished the '73 Chevelle on time.
Rhine, 34, figures he and his crew, including shop foreman Doug Stebbins, Steve Hoag and Anthony "Junior" Samelwich, put $60,000 worth of labor into the restoration, while owner Hajek provided $40,000 or $50,000 in parts. Shawn Pincola of Pincola Motorsports Paint and Body of Mooresville did the paint work.
The '73 Chevelle eventually will be displayed at the N.C. Auto Racing Hall of Fame in Mooresville, Rhine said.
Rhine lives in Denver with his wife, Tiffany, and their German shepherd, Stu.
He has loved tinkering with cars since he was a boy in South Miami, Fla. He knew then it was what he would do for the rest of his life. He later worked as a mechanic and fabricator for NASCAR teams.
He was driver Ricky Craven's shop foreman in Concord in 1997 and 1998. He also worked for drivers Randy Porter and Adam Petty. He worked for Petty for 11/2 years, until Petty's death during a practice run in May 2000 at New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon, N.H.
That's when Rhine went into business for himself. He decided he'd never find another driver to work for like Petty.
Rhine also is a private collector of famous race cars and has a half-dozen on display at the Mooresville hall of fame. The one he'll never sell, he said, is a No. 45 that Adam Petty drove.
Among several other vintage race cars being restored in Rhine's shop last week was a 1976 Junie Dunleavy Ford Torino that will be driven in the 24 Hours of LeMans Classic in France next year. It's one of only two NASCAR-type cars to be driven in Le Mans, and its French owner flew in recently to test the car at a local track. The car is a $150,000 restoration, Rhine said.
Two years ago, Rhine Enterprise built a private racing fleet of six 800-horsepower, two-seat NASCAR Car of Tomorrow cars for Texas banker Andy Beal.
Rhine Enterprise also has built and designed street-legal Car of Tomorrow cars for Red Bull Racing and done work for Toyota and for various commercials. It built the chassis dynamometer for an Interstate Batteries commercial, for instance.
Rhine's company also builds show cars, media carts and custom pit boxes. Its main line of work is custom fabrication, but Rhine's passion also lies in restoring vintage autos. More of them lie locked in storage, awaiting his special touch.


It's Only A Theory: Vote now.
Diderot is a surprisingly interesting philosopher of science. He anticipates a lot of the best in Continental philosophy of science (Latour, Bachelard, etc). It's a bit sad he is not better read. I am less impressed by Holbach (who seems derivative from Hobbes), but I can be persuaded otherwise.


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Q: Changing series colors by series name in a Chart with VBA I'm having hard time with a line chart that contains multiple series (over 170 at the moment). I would like to color each series based on few letters that appear on the series names - the series names may contain other info than these letters only.
Let's say I'd like to color each series that contain letters ABC (in this particular order) with red, series containing DEF with black and series containing GHI with blue.
I know some basics of programming (mainly PHP and Python), but I'm not very familiar with VBA. With the following line of code, I can change colors of series from 1 to 10. How could I express the for-loop such way, that it would process only series that contain certain words of letters in their series names?
Dim j As Long
     With ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart
        For j = 1 To 10
            With .SeriesCollection(j)
                .MarkerStyle = 2
                .MarkerSize = 7
                .Format.Fill.ForeColor.RGB = RGB(0, 0, 0)
                .Format.Line.Visible = msoFalse
            End With
        Next j
    End With
End Sub

A: I think I was able to resolve this by myself. I used If-condition inside For-loop, and used InStr() function to check if series name (ser.Name) contains the wanted letter. I hope this helps someone else having the same problem. Please see below.
Dim ser As Series

    With ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart
        For Each ser In .SeriesCollection
            With ser
                If InStr(ser.Name, "ABC") Then
                    .MarkerStyle = 2
                    .MarkerSize = 7
                    .Format.Fill.ForeColor.RGB = RGB(255, 0, 0)
                    .Format.Line.Visible = msoFalse
                End If
            End With
        Next ser
    End With
End Sub


text:
Energy arena 2013 with the support of NIS
The objective of 6th Energy Arena, organized today in Belgrade in partnership with NIS and the National Petroleum Committee of Serbia, was to stimulate a discussion about the energy policy of the European Union within the Energy Community partnerships. The conference was an opportunity to deliberate strategies that ensure energy safety, increase energy efficiency, and mitigate climate change impact. Zorana Mihajlović, Fabrizio Barbaso and Kirill Kravchenko, Chief Executive Officer of NIS The 6th Energy Arena was attended by: Mr Ivica Dačić, Serbian Prime Minister, Ms Zorana Mihajlović, President of the Energy Community Ministerial Council, Serbian Minister of Energy, Development and Environmental Protection, Mr Fabrizio Barbaso, Deputy Director General for Energy, Directorate-General for Energy, European Commission, Mr Janez Kopač, Director of the Energy Community Secretariat, Austria, Mr Kirill Kravchenko, Chief Executive Officer of NIS, Ms Daniela Bobeva, Bulgarian Deputy Prime Minister, Mr Valeriu Lazar, Moldavian Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of Economy, Mr Damian Gjiknuri, Minister of Economy, Trade and Energy of Albania. Two round tables took place during the day: European Union's energy strategy and South-East Europe; and private sector's perspective in the alignment of South-East European market with the EU energy policy and strategy. The conference was concluded with a High-level debate on the energy policy issues. During the Energy arena event, NIS CEO met with Daniela Bobeva, Bulgarian Deputy Prime Minister Mr Fabrizio Barbaso, the Deputy Director General for Energy at the Directorate-General for Energy of the European Commission, said: The Energy Community opens Europe's energy market beyond the EU border. As a result of market opening, millions of people in this region have additional rights and protection. Companies can operate in a situation of greater transparency. And the conditions for investment are improved, not least in the knowledge that investors are dealing with a market not of 10 million or even 50 million users, but a network of half a billion consumers. On this occasion, President of the Energy Community Ministerial Council, Serbian Minister of Energy, Development and Environmental Protection, Ms. Zorana Mihajlović, declared: "Given the new energy strategy and the upcoming amendments to the Energy Law, which are to bring it into alignment with the EU directives, as well as compliance with the undertaken obligations to Energy Community, we may say that the Serbian energy sector is already one foot in the European Union. Our vision for Serbia is to make it an electricity exporter, and a transit country, and the storage for energy and energy producing products, which are a prerequisite for its accelerated economic development" Serbian prime minister Ivica Dačić with Kirill Kravchenko before the last session Mr. Kirill Kravchencko, the Chief Executive of NIS, said: "Energy is the driving force of the Balkans economy. Today 8 out of 10 largest regional companies are representing this industry. Energy is the source of the major flow of investments and tax revenue to the state budget, the largest employer and a center of technological development. Investment potential of the sector up to 2030 is estimated by experts at the rate of about 60 billion euros which implies even more intensive cooperation among the countries of the region. We are able to help the integration of the region and to accelerate economic development in the difficult macroeconomic conditions. In my opinion, this conference is one of the instruments on building such a dialogue and explore new mutual approaches." High-level debate on the energy policy issues with participants (from left to right) Ivica Dačić, Fabrizio Barbaso, Valeriu Lazar, Damian Gjiknuri Conclusions from the 6th Energy arena: - Politicians, business must give full attention to consumers and ordinary people - decision-making process should be transparent and open to public; - Business sector and investors call for stable and continuous legislation that will secure long-term investments; - There will be continued modest growth in the refined product demand that is supported by current investments in refining sector - Considering financial viability of renewable projects, the question is whether the chosen strategy for renewable energy is affordable - Small energy infrastructure projects have a higher chances for success than bigger-scale projects - Post 2020 energy strategy should give energy efficiency a higher priority; it must become economic industry - Further market harmonization will enable SEE region's growth and developments and increase its competitiveness


---- DO IT YOURSELF ENTRY --------- PURPOSE: To create a do-it-yourself accessible computer desk for an individual with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). This do-it-yourself computer desk is adapted from Sauder assemble-it-yourself furniture. First, the bookshelf was assembled according to instructions and necessary for getting the proper measurements for the height needed for the desktop. The desktop was constructed from 30 by 30 inch sheet of ¾ inch plywood. The length of the desktop can be adjusted for the available space. The plywood can be stained and made decorative with molding to finish off the edges. The keyboard tray was constructed from 30 by 32 inch sheet of ½ inch plywood. Then the keyboard tray was cut to allow it to wrap around the user using a cardboard pattern. It is important to make the "armrest section" of the tray long enough to provide complete support of the users elbows. The depth of the tray is recommended at 30 inches or else there will be no room to work. Any longer than 30 inches then the tray will not slide under the desk which isn't ideal for power-wheelchair users. The width of the tray should be as wide as space allows providing a maximum working surface.
After the initial bookshelf, desktop, and keyboard tray are created then measurements and assembly can begin. First, measure the distance from the floor to the top of the wheelchair armrests. This is the height needed for the pull-out tray. An additional 5 inches was added for depth of the tray and space between the tray and the desktop. This is important so that the keyboard fits easily under the desk when pushed in to avoid the keyboard getting "squeezed". Second, lay out the pieces for the second bookshelf, cut the sides at the height desired for the desktop, and assemble the cabinet. The desktop and keyboard tray were cut from a sheet of ¾ inch plywood and the length of the desktop can be adjusted to available space making sure to leave adequate knee hole space. Third, set up the pieces to make sure they all fit together in the available space. A piece of 2 by 4 can be added to underside of the notched end of the desktop where it sits on the self of the bookcase to level it.
Next, mark the underside of the desktop where the slide out tray is to go for the tray mounts. Metal tray runners were not long enough so wood runners were created. To make the tray runners 1 by 6 inch boards were mounted to the underside of the desktop with L brackets. Then 1 by 2 inch boards are screwed in at right angles to make the edges the tray would sit on. A strip of 1 by 1 inch board was added above the 1 by 2's to form a slot for the tray. These are spaced about 1 inch above the 1 by 2's to give the ¾ inch tray plenty of room to slide without binding and keep the tray fairly level when pulled out. The sliding surfaces were waxed with an old candle to allow the tray to slide even more easily. Finally, quarter round edges were added to the desktop and the desktop was stained to try to match the bookshelf. MATERIALS: 30 inch wide bookshelf with or without doors and between 16 and 6 to 8 inches deep, two book selves or one book shelf and one cabinet, 30 inch by 70 inch sheet of ¾ inch plywood (desktop), 30 inch by 32 inch sheet of ½ inch plywood (keyboard tray), 1 inch by 6 inch and 2 inch by 2 inch boards (slot for tray to slide), and L-brackets. TITLE: Computer Desk. WEBSITE: Living-With-ALS. REF: http://living-with-als.org/diy/DESK/desk.html.


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Climate-wrecking coal should be a thing of the past, right?
But Communities Secretary James Brokenshire is about to decide whether to approve an opencast coalmine in Druridge Bay, Northumberland.
If it goes ahead, millions of tonnes of coal would be extracted and burned. This would be a disaster for the climate and the local community.
Instead the government should invest in renewable energy and insulation – which would create more jobs and offer a just transition for fossil fuel industry workers.
Now's our chance to stop the coal mine by showing the strength of public support for tackling climate change.
Sign our petition and tell the minister to end the era of coal.