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Plant Survey Reveals Many Species Threatened With Extinction
By WILLIAM K. STEVENS
At least one of every eight plant species in the world -- and nearly one of three in the United States -- is under threat of extinction, according to the first comprehensive worldwide assessment of plant endangerment.
Plants in Trouble
The United States leads the world in the number of plant species identified as threatened by extinction. Here are the countries with the largest number of threatened species, along with the percentage of the nationís plants that are in jeopardy.
Imperiled Species Percent of Total Species
United States 4,669 29.0 %
Australia 2,245 14.4
South Africa 2,215 9.5
Turkey 1,876 21.7
Mexico 1,593 6.1
Brazil 1,358 2.4
Panama 1,302 13.1
India 1,236 7.7
Spain 985 19.5
Peru 906 5.0
Cuba 888 13.6
Ecuador 824 4.3
Jamaica 744 22.5
Colombia 712 1.4
Japan 707 12.7
Source: The World Conservation Union
The assessment, which required more than 20 years of work by botanists and conservationists around the globe, added nearly 34,000 plant species to the World Conservation Union's growing Red List of imperiled organisms. The survey was made public Wednesday in Washington.
Among the plants most at risk, the survey found, are 14 percent of rose species, 32 percent of lilies, 32 percent of irises, 14 percent of cherry species and 29 percent of palms. Coniferous trees as a group, and many species found in island nations, were also judged especially vulnerable.
While endangered mammals and birds have commanded more public attention, it is plants, scientists say, that are more fundamental to nature's functioning. They undergird most of the rest of life, including human life, by converting sunlight into food. They provide the raw material for many medicines and the genetic stock from which agricultural strains of plants are developed. And they constitute the very warp and woof of the natural landscape, the framework within which everything else happens.
The census of imperiled plants should be taken not as an exact measure of the situation, leaders of the survey said, but rather as a first, rough approximation.
And some acknowledged that the majority of species were "secure and widespread," in the words of Dr. Bruce Stein, a botanist who is a senior scientist with the Nature Conservancy, one of nine scientific and conservation organizations that participated in drawing up the list. Furthermore, Stein said, some plants were placed on the list simply because they are rare, not because their numbers are declining or their habitat is threatened.
Nevertheless, of the world's 270,000 known species of plants, the 12.5 percent found to be at risk is a huge proportion, said David Brackett of Ottawa, chairman of the World Conservation Union's Species Survival Commission. Moreover, he said, the figure is probably an underestimate, since data from most places in the world -- including some species-rich tropical nations where the countryside is being rapidly cleared -- are fragmentary.
The list of imperiled plants fills more than 750 pages of a large red-bound book. Nine of every ten plants on the list are found in only one country, making them especially vulnerable to national or local economic and social conditions. Many species are found only on a few islands, and countries like Mauritius, the Seychelles and Jamaica consequently have disproportionately high numbers of threatened plants.
Scientists generally cite two main reasons why plants become endangered: destruction of large swatches of wild countryside by agriculture, logging or development, and invasions of plants from one part of the world that run riot and crowd out native species in another part.
The new listing of endangered plants is one more piece of evidence that "a whole chunk of creation is at risk," said Dr. Stuart Pimm, an ecologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in producing Wednesday's report. While 1 plant in 8 might not seem like much, he said, "that's what's threatened now, as a consequence of what we've done so far; but all the evidence is that the destruction is continuing at an accelerating pace."
The United States' situation looks comparatively grim, said Stein, because plants are probably better surveyed here than elsewhere. With 4,669 species judged to be threatened to one degree or another, the United States ranked first, by far, among the nations of the world in total number of plants at risk. That is 29 percent of the country's 16,108 plant species.
"I don't believe the U.S. is worse off than other countries," said Stein. "If anything, I think the U.S. has taken a more active interest in plant conservation."
Stein's group, the Nature Conservancy, maintains what is widely regarded as one of North America's most comprehensive databases on endangered plants. Other major American participants in drawing up the Red List were the New York Botanical Garden and the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History.
The conservation union, also called the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, or IUCN, is based in Gland, Switzerland. Many governments and scientific organizations are among its members. Since 1960, it has been maintaining and adding to its Red List of threatened species. The list has no official effect but is widely regarded as an influential guide for conservation policy makers.
Two years ago, the union placed nearly a quarter of all known mammal species and 11 percent of birds on the list. It also added a number of marine species for the first time.
The Red List establishes five categories of organisms: species not seen in the wild in 50 years and presumed extinct; species suspected of having recently become extinct; endangered species, those likely to become extinct if the causes of endangerment continue; vulnerable species, those likely to become endangered if the causes continue; and rare species, those with small worldwide populations not yet endangered or vulnerable. Of the total number of plants on the Red List, 43 percent are classified as rare, 24 percent as vulnerable and 20 percent as endangered.
These categories are different from those established under the United States' Endangered Species Act, and cannot be compared with them. The American categories, in descending order of seriousness, are called endangered and threatened.
Back to "Mass Extinction Underway"


Greek Resistance was not a unified front, except in very rare situations. There were factions and subgroups with very strong political and social pedigrees. We begin to see the ramifications of that, especially in Chapter 5 that is soon coming, as this is the second-to-last page of Chapter 4!
Enjoy more of Pit-Face's cameo, and give her love at her own awesome webcomic The Epic of Blitzov!
Next update will be on April 9, but my patrons will be able to see it on April 3!


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Molly Magestro
Link to UW-WC webpage on Magestro
Listen to Molly discuss writing and her work on Wisconsin Writes
UW-Washington County English instructor, Dr. Molly Ann Magestro, has authored a book titled, "Assault on the Small Screen: Representations of Sexual Violence on Prime-Time Television." Magestro started writing the 178-page book, recently published by Rowman and Littlefield, after an episode of NCIS bothered her in the way they represented rape and rape victims. In this particular episode in season two of the popular series, Tony DiNozzo, one of the show's main characters, explains that the woman "got herself raped and killed." According to Magestro, that "one three-letter verb 'got' became the crux of her exploration into the representation of rape and rape victims on prime-time police and legal dramas." The book's eight chapters delve into the portrayal of sexual assault, sexual abuse and rape episodes on NCIS, Criminal Minds, CSI, The Closer, Rizzoli & Isles, Dexter, Law and Order: Special Victims Unit and The Good Wife. The victims as well as the complex plot narratives are critically analyzed by Magestro as she explores these representations of rape and our current rape culture.
Growing up with both parents in law enforcement and a childhood of watching weekly police dramas with her mother, may help explain Dr. Magestro's initial interest in this topic. Her mother was the first female police officer for Brown County Sheriff's Department and her father was an officer with Ashwaubenon Public Safety. Magestro also discusses how she "felt closer to her mom after watching all those television cops because she was a cop." That closer connection to her mom, the personal relationships between some of the regular characters on the shows, along with a 2012 summer of political election coverage, fueled her interest and eventually led her to "binge-watch" all previous seasons of the show and starting the book.
As most television audiences are passive consumers of the medium, Magestro is hopeful that the book raises awareness and helps audiences to "better understand today's rape culture and be more critical or our entertainment."
Magestro, who teaches English composition and Creative Writing at UW-WC, studied English and creative writing at UW-River Falls as an undergrad, earned a master's degree from Iowa State University and a PhD from UW-Milwaukee. She has been teaching at the West Bend campus for eight years. Her book is available through amazon.com or can be checked out from the UW-WC library.
(From UW-Washington County website)
Works by Molly Ann Magestro:
Assault on the Small Screen (2015)

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https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324880504578298832037736720.html
The War on Vaccines Is Puzzling, Given Their Success
Feb. 13, 2013 4:03 pm ET
I commend Jay Winsten and Emily Serazin for bringing attention to immunization backlash ("Rolling Back the War on Vaccines," op-ed, Feb. 7).
I am a practicing pediatrician, and it bothers my conscience when I see parents, physician colleagues or other paramedical personnel making decisions against immunizations based on no information or misinformation. The cars they drive kill and injure many people, but I have yet to see a single American who declines to drive because vehicle accidents kill close to 30,000 Americans each year. Gen. George Washington mandated smallpox inoculation of American soldiers, and Benjamin Franklin lost a son to smallpox because he was persuaded by a relative not to do so. We need not only parent education but health-care-personnel education regarding vaccines.
Amar Dave, M.D.
Ottawa, Ill.
What is the rationale, the mental gyrations of vaccine doubters? I witnessed this over years of pediatric practice. It usually boiled down to: "How do you know the vaccine doesn't cause . . . ?" (fill in the blank) and "Why take a chance?" This attitude would quickly melt when I graphically described the plight of children who became sacrificial victims of these horrible but easily preventable diseases. Pediatricians fight the valiant fight for children every day against the mongers of doubt and ignorance.
Hal Hunt, M.D.
Scottsdale, Ariz.
Unwittingly, Jay Winsten and Emily Serazin underscore the very reason that educated parents may be reluctant to have their children vaccinated. Despite their logical arguments, the authors ignore the elephant in the room—vaccines do harm some children, as every parent knows when they receive the disclaimers and warnings handed out with the vaccines. Moreover, beyond the popular press articles about autism and the MMR vaccine, the authors demonstrate no familiarity with the extensive medical literature which reports harm, even death, caused by vaccines, albeit in rare occurrences.
Rather than spend money trying to convince parents to ignore the potential harm to their own children, no matter how small the odds in the general population, the money should be spent in identifying which children are at risk and in determining ways to safely vaccinate them.
Prof. Frances Jurnak, Ph.D.
Without saying it explicitly, Mr. Winsten and Ms. Serazin raise an important but poignant issue, namely whether parents should be allowed to refuse the standard of medical care for their children. In the examples cited, parents have withheld immunization because they believe the media's dissemination of a paper that doesn't even rise to the level of junk science. Former British physician Andrew Wakefield, and those like him, have likely done real damage to children. We must ask ourselves why the media are so quick to publish and the average person so quick to believe such junk.
On another level, I wonder if this disregard of reasonableness may be Darwinian. Rational, analytical and thoughtful people are more likely to ignore or disregard most destructive happenings such as vaccine scares. Perhaps people like Wakefield are the catalysts for human natural selection: Over time, people smart enough to understand what a risk-to-benefit-ratio is will simply do better for themselves and their children than those who don't. Something to think about, isn't it?
Charles Kerber, M.D.
La Mesa, Calif.
In 1966, at age 11, while watching the movie "Hawaii," my father explained to me the science behind the measles epidemic that swept the islands in the 1820s, as shown in the movie. Parents need only watch the scene showing hundreds of moaning, dying Hawaiians trying to cool off in the ocean to realize what happens when herd immunity to a virus is absent.
David J. Gross, M.D.
St. Augustine, Fla.
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About Chora
Admission & Visiting
Thomas Whittemore has been chipping away plaster walls off for 14 years.
By Max Crandale on
From Time – Jan. 27, 1947, Glory be to God, who hath thought me worthy to accomplish so great a work; 1 have vanquished thee, O Solomon! This was the proud thanksgiving uttered by Justinian the Great at the dedication of the church of St. Sophia ("Divine Wisdom") in Constantinople 14 centuries ago. Justinian had something to crow about; "compared with the formation of the vilest insect," as Historian Edward Gibbon pointed out, the church might be dull and insignificant, but the peak of its interior is one of the Highest in the world (180 feet) and as art, St. Sophia doubtless surpassed Solomon's temple. Among the church's beauties, noted Gibbon, were "a variety of ornaments and figures . . . curiously expressed in mosaic; and the images of Christ, of the Virgin, of saints, and of angels, which have been defaced by Turkish fanaticism. . . ." Last week Boston Archeologist Thomas Whittemore returned home from Istanbul, with proof that the conquering Moslems had not been guilty of defacing, only of concealing, St. Sophia's Christian mosaics. Whittemore, a spry, enthusiastic bachelor of 76, and director of Boston's well-heeled Byzantine Institute, has been chipping away at the church's plaster walls off & on for the past 14 years. He had won the approval of Turkey's late President Kamal Atatürk for the project. At first, because the church was in use as a mosque, Whittemore and his assistants had to take Fridays and Moslem prayer hours off. But in 1935 the Turkish Government made St. Sophia a public monument, and since then work has proceeded on a businesslike 9-to-5 schedule (except for winter months, when the place gets too chilly to work in). Whittemore went right on chipping through the war. Under the plaster he has discovered close to a thousand years of history—in silver, gold, marble, and sparkling glass cubes put together into a parade of saints and influential sinners which stretches from 537 to 1453 A.D., when the Turks came marching in. Among the mosaics already laid bare are portraits of Emperor Leo VI (made about 900 A.D.), Constantine the Great and Justinian II (995), Empress Zoë and Constantine IX (1042), John II Comnenus, Empress Irene, and their son, Alexius (early 12th Century). Whittemore still has years of chipping ahead, and not much of an idea what he will find next. His men work mostly on scaffoldings high up on the walls. They use no chemicals to dissolve the plaster and paint which the Moslems spread over the murals (the Moslem religion forbids pictures of people or animals, as the Jewish forbids graven images). Whittemore has found it safer to flake off inch by inch with "a small steel chisel, [the kind] used in delicately cleaning fossils." Where they have been freed of plaster, St. Sophia's walls and vaulting seem to dissolve in color. The mosaics, says Whittemore enthusiastically, meet "the vision as if charioted on a billow of light, each with an appeal as thrilling and compelling and personal as it seems possible to experience. The effect as you move past them has the cumulative power of a rising flood, and they engulf you in the religious enthusiasm of Byzantine conviction. . . . We may say of all [the mosaics] that we are in the presence of [works of] metropolitan masters, compared with which the contemporary mosaics in Italy, for instance, are provincial and derived. We have only to look at extant gth Century mosaics in Roman churches and their feeble treatment to assure ourselves that the fountainhead of the art was at Constantinople." Throughout the 1,000 years in which they were made, St. Sophia's mosaics hardly varied in style or excellence. They were made by the best artist of each generation, working in "orchestral" anonymity of the sort that, Scholar Whittemore believes, "life is trying to induce us to return to."
A place not to miss in Istanbul: Chora Museum
Many tourists begin to visit Turkey in April, and from then on you can bet that every month throughout the summer numbers will increase. Tourism season has begun. When my guests ask me what they should see in İstanbul. I always suggest that if they have time they must visit the Chora Museum. You may know the museum by its Turkish name, Kariye Müzesi. Kariye is the Turkish version of Chora, which was the Greek word for "countryside." When you see where the church is situated today it takes some imagination to picture that at one time the location was countryside. The magnificent Chora Museum is an old Byzantine church, situated just inside the city walls at Edirnekapı. It is unparalleled in Turkey, and some would claim the world, for its beautiful frescos and mosaics. Although it is a bit off the routine tourist path, it is well worth the visit if you have time and enjoy mosaics and frescoes. One of the leading frescos is the Anastasis fresco in the side chapel of the church. I wonder what you think of when you hear the word anastasios, "resurrection" in Koine Greek, the language of the New Testament. Easter Sunday this year is on April 24, the day when Christians remember Christ's resurrection from the dead and many children enjoy Easter egg hunts. It is said that the word anastasios is related to the name of Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna, the daughter of the last tsar of Russia, Tsar Nicholas II. When the Bolsheviks executed Tsar Nicholas and his family on July 17, 1918 it was rumored that the 17-year-old survived. It is unclear how much of this is fact, it could be just the wishful thinking of royalist supporters as her name means "I will arise." I leave it for you to judge. A brief summary of Byzantine history: In the days of Byzantine Emperor Constantine, when the monastery the church was attached to was built this was the country area outside of the city walls. Emperor Theodosius in A.D. 413 built his walls a little further out, but the name, meaning countryside, stuck. During the reign of Justinian the monastery was devastated by an earthquake and was rebuilt as a basilica. It was restored again in 843. Considerable rebuilding and redecoration were carried out in the 11th century; Alexios Komnenos, who sponsored this work, is immortalized in a mosaic, standing behind the Virgin Mary. Another 150 years later the structure was enlarged and decorated with complex and beautiful mosaics by Theodore Metochites. Everyone who has visited Chora has reported back how much they enjoyed the visit, the wonderful mosaics that tell the life of Christ in pictures and beautiful frescoes that illustrate Old Testament stories. One of the delights of the church is that it is on a much smaller scale than, say, the Aya Sofya. Most describe it as being intimate and cozy. The arched ceilings that are so vividly decorated are not 20 or 30 meters above your head, they are so near you can almost reach up and touch them. This enables the visitor to really appreciate the fine detail of the artistry. When the church was converted into a mosque after Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453, thankfully, instead of destroying the wonderful artwork (that was held as blasphemous by Muslims as it depicted so many people) they just covered it up. So these wonderful pristine examples of Byzantine art lay dormant over the centuries until 1948, when the Byzantine Institute of America began the painstaking work of revealing and restoring these hidden masterpieces. The result: The Chora Church, which had previously undergone a metamorphosis into the Kariye Camii, was reborn as the Chora (or Kariye) Museum. I always enjoy seeing the stories depicted in pageantry throughout each of the walkways of the church. The frescoes tell the story of the raising of the dead. The lighting and shade, the power and movement in the figures, just add to the amazing explosive feeling of the grave bursting open and the Easter miracle occurring before our very eyes. However, these frescoes are just a warm-up for the main event in Chora. You should walk along one side of the church to a side chapel, the parekklession, or grave chapel. The parekklession ends with a wide-arched apse, and here is the famous fresco of the Anastasis. Take an afternoon to stroll into the area of Kariye, and visit the museum and its wonderful Easter theme today. Charlotte McPherson is the author of "Culture Smart: Turkey, 2005." Please keep your questions and observations coming: I want to ensure this column is a help to you, Today's Zaman's readers. Email: c.mcpherson@todayszaman.com
Rating: +7 (from 11 votes)
Visions of Byzantium
The exhibition, Vaults of Heaven Visions of Byzantium, presents a series of extraordinary ultra-large-scale photographs, many over six-feet tall, by the renowned Turkish photographer Ahmet Ertug. The exhibit is at the Kelsey Museum of Archeology at the University of Michigan through Jan. 23. Focusing on paintings, mosaics, and architecture of the Byzantine world (6th–14th centuries AD), the photos provide a journey through such venerated sites as Istanbul's Hagia Sophia and Church of Christ in Chora, as well as churches in the Cappadocia region of central Turkey, an area known for hidden Christian retreats hewn out of the region's unusual volcanic rock formations. Trained as an architect, Ahmet Ertug combines a deep understanding of Byzantine history and culture with an artist's eye. His remarkable photographs capture the mystery and power of these ancient sites, offering viewers intimate views of the great domes, expansive structural details, and exquisite mosaics and paintings of these sacred spaces. Accompanying the photographs are objects from the Kelsey Museum's collections of Byzantine and Islamic material, including gold coins, manuscripts pages, small carvings, pottery, and wooden architectural fragments. Vaults of Heaven Visions of Byzantium will be displayed in two parts. Part I, on display from Oct. 1– Jan. 23, 2011, includes visions from two famous metropolitan churches in Istanbul: Hagia Sophia and the early 14th-century Church of Christ in Chora. Part II, on display from Feb.4 – May 29, 2011, focuses on Karanlik, a monastic compound built in the 11th century; Tokali, the largest church in Cappadocia, with paintings from the 10-11th centuries and the church of Meryemana ("Mother Mary"), which is currently closed to the public. Ahmet Ertug has been hailed as one of the world's few living photographers who is "predestined to become a part of history." His extraordinary images have been featured in major exhibitions from Japan and Turkey to Paris and London. A selection of his work is permanently displayed in the upper gallery of Istanbul's famous Hagia Sophia. Roald Dahl's daughter finds peace as a nun A 1974 graduate of the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, Ertug began his photographic career in 1972, taking pictures of Caribbean festivals and street life in London. Although he continued to work as an architect, his interest in photography grew throughout the 1970s. While working in Iran, he began photographing indigenous settlements and ancient Persian monuments, and in 1979, with the help of a research grant, he traveled throughout Japan, capturing images of ancient Japanese temples, Zen gardens, and festivals. After his year in the Far East, Ertug returned to Istanbul, having been hired as an architect for the conservation planning of the city. His increasingly intimate knowledge of the city's historic quarters inspired him to begin photographing Istanbul's impressive Byzantine, Ottoman, and Roman remains, using a large-format camera that enabled him to capture their full splendor. In the 1980s, Ertug established his own publishing house, producing specially designed books of his photographs that are now recognized for their innovation in the printing industry. Both his books and photographs have been internationally praised for their beauty and "deep meditative energy," which draw the viewer into his subject. The Kelsey Museum of Archeology is located at 434 S. State Street, Ann Arbor. (734)-764-9304; www.lsa.umich.edu/kelsey Todd Gerring is community outreach coordinator at the Kelsey Museum of Archeology
The Christian Past of Istanbul
The Chora Museum, also known as Kariye Müzesi, is an oddball site in Istanbul. It pre-dates Islam, but is located in one of the city's most conservative Muslim neighborhoods, in an area known for its historic wooden homes and nearby city walls built by the Romans and Byzantines. This museum doesn't make the cut for visitors trying to hit the greatest hits of Istanbul in one day, but for anyone who has more time to spend, it's a must. The Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora was originally built in the 400s and was expanded in the 1000s of Constantinople. Most of what survives today—including the incredible mosaics covering the interior—were finished between 1315 and 1321. Alas, the city fell to the Ottomans in the mid-1400s and around 50 years later the building was converted to a mosque. As with Hagia Sofia, the conversion process meant covering up all the icons with plaster, which in the long run was a much better outcome than just defacing them, as happened in so many other churches in lands that fell to Muslim invaders. The action ended up preserving the mosaics and paintings, which were restored in the mid-1900s, after Turkey became a republic. In 1958, Kariye opened to the public as a museum. The church itself is an asymmetrical oddity built on a slope, rebuilt and added onto several times. The mosaics though, restored to their former glory, are a stunning site. They are grouped into three large rooms, some illuminated by domes overhead, while doorways between them have some of the most impressive works over the top. While the beauty of the artwork is arresting on its own, the explanation of a guide or good book can shed some light on what you're seeing. Jesus and Mary take center stage, of course, but in a different light than usual. The pre-Jesus lives of Mary and Joseph get more action here than in most churches, including one panel where he returns from a business trip and finds Mary pregnant. Plus we see Jesus in that seldom-covered stage between being a baby and being an adult. Then there are the saints important and minor, righteous kings, church benefactors, and angels. Although the artists are uncredited and unknown, their work is of a high quality and the colors are still vivid. Creating mosaics is patient work done by masters over long periods, while the paintings were done while the plaster was still wet, causing them to fade less over time. By Tim Leffel
Chora Church, Kariye Museum (Kariye Müzesi)
The Chora Museum (Turkish Kariye Müzesi, Kariye Camii, or Kariye Kilisesi — the Chora Museum, Mosque or Church) is considered to be one of the most beautiful examples of a Byzantine church. The church is situated in the western, Edirnekapı district of Istanbul. In the 16th century, the church was converted into a mosque by the Ottoman rulers, and it became a secularised museum in 1948. The interior of the building is covered with fine mosaics and frescoes. History of Chora Church
The Chora Church was originally built outside the walls of Constantinople, to the south of the Golden Horn. Literally translated, the church's full name was the Church of the Holy Saviour in the Country: although "The Church of the Holy Redeemer in the Fields" would be a more natural rendering of the name in English. (Greek ἡ Ἐκκλησία του Ἅγιου Σωτῆρος ἐν τῃ Χώρᾳ, hē Ekklēsia tou Hagiou Sōtēros en tē Chōra). The last part of that name, Chora, referring to its location originally outside of the walls, became the shortened name of the church. The original church on this site was built in the early 5th century, and stood outside of the 4th century walls of Constantine the Great. However, when Theodosius II built his formidable land walls in 413–414, the church became incorporated within the city's defences, but retained the name Chora. The name must have carried symbolic meaning, as the mosaics in the narthex describe Christ as the Land of the Living (ἡ Χώρα των ζώντων, hē Chōra tōn zōntōn) and Mary, the Mother of Jesus, as the Container of the Uncontainable (ἡ Χώρα του Ἀχώρητου, hē Chōra tou Achōrētou).
The majority of the fabric of the current building dates from 1077–1081, when Maria Dukaina, the mother-in-law of Alexius I Comnenus, rebuilt the Chora Church as an inscribed cross or quincunx: a popular architectural style of the time. Early in the 12th century, the church suffered a partial collapse, perhaps due to an earthquake. The church was rebuilt by Isaac Comnenus, Alexius's third son. However, it was only after the third phase of building, two centuries after, that the church as it stands today was completed. The powerful Byzantine statesman Theodore Metochites endowed the church with much of its fine mosaics and frescos. Theodore's impressive decoration of the interior was carried out between 1315 and 1321. The mosaic-work is the finest example of the Palaeologian Renaissance. The artists remain unknown. In 1328, Theodore was sent into exile by the usurper Andronicus III Palaeologus. However, he was allowed to return to the city two years later, and lived out the last two years of his life as a monk in his Chora Church.
During the last siege of Constantinople in 1453, the Icon of the Theotokos Hodegetria, considered the protector of the City, was brought to Chora in order to assist the defenders against the assault of the Ottomans.
Around fifty years after the fall of the city to the Ottomans, Atık Ali Paşa, the Grand Vizier of Sultan Bayezid II, ordered the Chora Church to be converted into a mosque — Kariye Camii. Due to the prohibition against iconic images in Islam, the mosaics and frescoes were covered behind a layer of plaster. This and frequent earthquakes in the region have taken their toll on the artwork.
In 1948, Thomas Whittemore and Paul A. Underwood, from the Byzantine Institute of America and the Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, sponsored a programme of restoration. From that time on, the building ceased to be a functioning mosque. In 1958, it was opened to the public as a museum — Kariye Müzesi.
Interior of Chora Church
The Chora Church is not as large as some of the other Byzantine churches of Istanbul (it covers 742.5 m²), but what it lacks in size, it makes up for in the beauty of its interior. The building divides into three main areas: the entrance hall or narthex, the main body of the church or naos, and the side chapel or parecclesion. The building has six domes: two in the esonarthex, one in the parecclesion and three in the naos.


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Who Are The People Who Wish To Rule America?
Oct 11, 2020 America, People, Rule
Just as it's obviously true that only crooks and criminals would seriously propose defunding the police forces in America, as the Democrats are currently trying to do, it's equally true that only people who hate America and who seek dominant control over public policy would propose such things as the Green New Deal, which Democrats are actively proposing, packing the Supreme court with liberal nominees and forcing all citizens to wear a worthless mask to prevent contagion to the least deadly disease we've ever seen, all of which controls will destroy the freedom and prosperity of America.
Presidential candidate, Joe Biden, recently said that if he is elected to the White House in November, he will change the nation. While considering the idiotic words of Lunch Bucket Joe and what his real intention is for seeking the presidency, one may recall that his shared eight-year administration with Barack Obama had an even more dire slogan, which was their promise to "Fundamentally Transform America". So we know where Joe Biden and his party of radicals stand on the issue of obeying the constitution and adhering to law and tradition: they want to destroy America and bury our constitution.
And when we're reminded that Biden's intended appointees to top positions in his future administration are avowed Socialists like Bernie Sanders, who has laid plans to reform America along the lines of the impoverished, Socialist state of Venezuela, and his naming Kamala Harris, the most radical leftist in the United States Senate to be his Vice Presidential running-mate, we know that the Democrat party is corrupt and intends only ill for the future of America, just so long as they are in power.


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The Ripley Effect is a project inspired by the first Female Action Heroine in Science Fiction film, Ellen Ripley, from the popular film franchise Alien. The project aims to celebrate the women of Science Fiction and Action film that have followed in her footsteps, provide fans with a site to learn more about their favourite female leads, and educate viewers on characters they may not be familiar with. So far, ten Sci-Fi and Action characters have been selected for the project - each one has been hand-illustrated and risograph printed on to three tear off posters, each breaking apart into four separate postcards. These hand-made fluorescent postcard designs feature some of the most iconic sci-fi women of the last 40 years! The postcards have been placed into a perforated poster book, screw bound on and printed on 220gsm cartridge paper. Head to https://theripleyeffect.net to find out more.
Lisa Jewell - The Family Upstairs
36 Days of Type: The London Alphabet


What words can you make with misdate?
An unofficial list of all the Scrabble words you can make from the letters in the word misdate. Anagrams and words you can make with an additional letter, just using the letters in misdate!
197 words can be made from the letters in the word misdate.
This page is a list of all the words that can be made from the letters in misdate, or by rearranging the word misdate. These words should be suitable for use as Scrabble words, or in games like Words with friends.


The German rearguard holding today at 12km east of Marsa el Brega did not have enemy contact. Enemy patrol activity as on previous day against sector Maaten el Cleibat – B. es Suera. According to aerial reconnaissance weak reinforcements are brought up from area Msus to area Antelat – el Haselat – Giof el Matar. According to radio intercepts, 5 Indian Brigade (Barce) has issued a weakly training programme to subordinated units regarding formation training and patrol activity. Based on this combat use of 4 Indian Division is apparently not to be expected.


HP and nature would help a lot. But as is, salamence and gengar are really good pokemon. I'll help you more in a bit, but I'm sorta busy haha. I'll edit in a more complete response in a bit.
Toast wrote: HP and nature would help a lot. But as is, salamence and gengar are really good pokemon. I'll help you more in a bit, but I'm sorta busy haha. I'll edit in a more complete response in a bit.


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Gibraltar Heritage Trust urges sensitive redevelopment of the Ex-St Bernard's School
The announcement by Government of the tender of the Ex-St Bernard's School on Castle Road is a move that is…
Work begins at Witham's Cemetery
A project to clear, improve access to, and restore Witham's Cemetery was kicked off on Monday morning by troops from…
VACANCY for Executive Personal Assistant
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Quarterly debate series launched
The Gibraltar Heritage Trust announces the launch of a series of debate events to the held at their premises, the…
Facsimilie Evacuation Cards issued
The Gibraltar Heritage Trust has recently presented all first and middle schools with facsimile Evacuation Scheme Identity and Embarkation Cards.…
Gibraltar Volunteer Corps Model Presentation
Thursday night saw the presentation of a scale model of the Gibraltar Volunteer Corps (GVC) to the Gibraltar Heritage Trust.…
On Rosia Bay
Rosia Bay Development An application for the development of Rosia Bay has been made by a private developer and is…


I have not forgotten New Hampshire and Rhode Island! Those gardens will be in the next batch.
I don't think you'll find a more interesting mix of gardens – they're each so unique. I received requests from members of the Palmer Arboretum and from the University of Maine to include their gardens. They either sent information or sent pointers to information on the internet. I welcome such requests because very often these gardens are not listed in any book or are on any garden or arboretum websites. So if you know of a public garden that generally would not be known, please send me the information or a pointer to information and I will include it in the next batch of gardens.
Founded in 1914, this arboretum fell into disrepair over the decades but was restored in 1985 by a group of concerned citizens. Trees include a huge purple beech, a grove of false cypresses, gingko, English oak, amongst many others including a grove of Devil's walking stick that kids will enjoy.
This estate took five years to create starting in 1896 and belonged to the industrialist Alfred Pope. It was his daughter Theodate, a pioneering female architect, who designed the house and, with landscape architect Warren Manning, created a landscape that echoed that of the 18th century farmsteads. With Beatrix Farrand, the renowned landscape designer, she redesigned the asymmetrical sunken garden with tall drystone walls, a summer house, brick paths, and flower beds.
Started in the 1960′s, this garden allows you to view a collection of over 2500 woody and herbaceous plants.
This garden includes several gardens including an All-America Selections Display garden, a Japanese garden, a native plant garden as well as a perennial border.
The museum has been undergoing renovations and expansion the past several years including that of the outdoor gardens. The interior courtyard garden is constantly changing its display of plants and so there is always something new to see.
Part of the Marsh-Billings-Rockerfeller national park, the garden was started by Mary Rockerfeller in the 1950′s. It reflects her love of color especially of blue. There are also an azalea and rhododendron garden, a rock garden, and a cutting garden.


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arkiver2
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BBC World Service : February 19, 2020 10:00AM-11:00AM GMT
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BBC OS BBC OS gives a vibrant account of the day's events with explanation and reaction from those involved.
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Behind the Scenes at the Global News Podcast Do you listen to podcasts? Find out how one of our most popular podcasts is made
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BBC News; The Newsroom; Sports News; BBC News Summary; World Business Report : BBC World Service : November 25, 2019 10:00PM-11:00PM GMT
10:00:00PM-10:06:00PM GMT — BBC News 2019/11/26 22:01 GMT 10:06:00PM-10:20:00PM GMT — The Newsroom 26/11/2019 GMT 10:20:00PM-10:30:00PM GMT — Sports News 26/11/2019 GMT 10:30:00PM-10:32:00PM GMT — BBC News Summary 2019/11/26 22:30 GMT 10:32:00PM-11:00:00PM GMT — World Business Report First broadcast 2019/11/26 22:32 GMT
Topics: Radio Program, Olympics, Language, Sports organisations, Tests, Megafauna, Deafness, Criminology,...
Newsday : BBC World Service : October 06, 2016 06:06AM-07:00AM BST
06/10/2016 GMT Live news, business and sport from around the world.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Newsday, Conservation, Elephant conservation, Elephants, Fauna of West Africa,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p049cktr
BBC World Service : September 07, 2020 06:00AM-09:00AM BST
BBC News : BBC World Service : October 10, 2016 04:00PM-04:06PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p047xnd6
BBC World Service : November 03, 2018 02:00AM-03:00AM GMT
Topics: Radio Program, Artificial intelligence, Cybernetics, Learning, Neural networks, Computational...
BBC World Service : October 26, 2017 06:00PM-07:00PM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Republics, Member states of the United Nations, Royal titles, Capitals in Asia,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0498fch
The Documentary : BBC World Service : September 14, 2017 02:32AM-03:00AM BST
The Flying Colombians We join the world's cyclists on the gruelling Vuelta a Colombia race
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Documentary, Political science, Geography terminology, Racing sports,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csvnyk
BBC News : BBC World Service : March 12, 2017 01:00PM-01:06PM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04vtdqg
BBC World Service : October 20, 2018 08:00AM-09:00AM BST
BBC News : BBC World Service : May 01, 2017 04:00AM-04:06AM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p050y2sw
BBC News; BBC OS : BBC World Service : December 18, 2019 04:00PM-05:00PM GMT
04:00:00PM-04:06:00PM GMT — BBC News 2019/12/18 16:01 GMT 04:06:00PM-05:00:00PM GMT — BBC OS Trump impeachment: House debate begins
Topics: Radio Program, NUTS 1 statistical regions of the United Kingdom, National legislatures, United...
BBC World Service : June 30, 2019 11:00PM-12:00AM BST
Topics: Radio Program, National association football premier leagues, LGBT culture, LGBT terms, Team...
Newshour : BBC World Service : December 17, 2016 09:06PM-10:00PM GMT
17/12/2016 GMT Interviews, news and analysis of the day's global events.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Newshour, Political science, Chief executive officers, Heads of state,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04kw8vg
BBC World Service : July 13, 2018 04:00AM-05:00AM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Heads of government, Political science, East Africa, Member states of the African...
BBC World Service : June 18, 2018 07:00AM-08:00AM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Human rights, Personhood, G20 nations, Law, Immigration, Forms of government, Mass...
BBC News; Newshour : BBC World Service : June 14, 2020 08:00PM-09:00PM BST
08:00:00PM-08:06:00PM BST — BBC News 14/06/2020 20:01 GMT 08:06:00PM-09:00:00PM BST — Newshour Atlanta police shooting of black man condemned
BBC World Service : May 12, 2019 07:00PM-08:00PM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Penal imprisonment, Mass media, Former polities of the Cold War, Justice, Prisons,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04bjb9p
BBC News : BBC World Service : February 08, 2017 02:00AM-02:06AM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04rh9zd
Business Daily : BBC World Service : May 01, 2017 08:32AM-08:50AM BST
Japan's Exploited Foreign Workers Low-skilled workers face exploitation and a fight for their rights and wages in Japan.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Business Daily, Human migration, Immigration, Labor economics, Politics,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p050y2sv
BBC News : BBC World Service : March 13, 2017 12:00AM-12:06AM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04vx721
BBC News; The Forum; Sporting Witness : BBC World Service : January 28, 2020 09:00AM-10:00AM GMT
09:00:00AM-09:06:00AM GMT — BBC News 2020/01/30 09:01 GMT 09:06:00AM-09:50:00AM GMT — The Forum Nefertiti: The beguiling Egyptian Queen 09:50:00AM-10:00:00AM GMT — Sporting Witness Rocky Bleier: The legendary comeback
BBC World Service : July 05, 2019 11:00AM-12:00PM BST
Topics: Radio Program, US Open (tennis) champions, Olympic medalists in tennis, Wimbledon champions,...
BBC World Service : November 18, 2017 05:00PM-06:00PM GMT
Topics: Radio Program, Islamic states, G20 nations, Member states of the Arab League, Parties, Western...
Outlook : BBC World Service : March 16, 2017 12:06PM-01:00PM GMT
16/03/2017 GMT True life stories
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Outlook, School types, Explosives, Terrorism tactics, Criminal law, Political...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04w86kx
BBC News Summary : BBC World Service : August 03, 2017 01:30PM-01:32PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p059s1l5
Boston Calling : BBC World Service : November 19, 2016 05:32AM-06:00AM GMT
19/11/2016 GMT How the world looks through American eyes, and the myriad and unexpected ways that the world influences the United States.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Boston Calling, Chief executive officers, Personal development, G20 nations,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04g1dg0
BBC News; World Update : BBC World Service : December 31, 2019 10:00AM-11:00AM GMT
10:00:00AM-10:06:00AM GMT — BBC News 2019/12/31 10:01 GMT 10:06:00AM-11:00:00AM GMT — World Update Australia fires: Thousands flee to beach to escape
Topics: Radio Program, Northern Europe, United Kingdom, Member states of the European Union, Member states...
Topics: Radio Program, Child abuse, French Open champions, Tennis players at the 2008 Summer Olympics,...
BBC News Summary : BBC World Service : November 16, 2016 01:30PM-01:32PM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04fntdz
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04fk2pg
BBC News; The Documentary : BBC World Service : May 23, 2020 06:00PM-07:00PM BST
06:00:00PM-06:06:00PM BST — BBC News 23/05/2020 18:01 GMT 06:06:00PM-07:00:00PM BST — The Documentary Recycling Chile, recycling Spain
BBC News : BBC World Service : May 06, 2017 02:00PM-02:06PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p051gc26
BBC World Service : August 01, 2018 11:00PM-12:00AM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Legal professions, National security, Political terminology, Marvel Comics titles,...
The Newsroom : BBC World Service : August 28, 2017 07:06PM-07:30PM BST
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Newsroom, Causes of death, Bodies of water, Murder, Security, Violence,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vj2bvd3l377
Heart and Soul : BBC World Service : September 01, 2017 01:32PM-02:00PM BST
The Caliphate in the Countryside Why are people turning towards the Ahmadiyya sect of Islam?
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Heart and Soul
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csvnyl
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Newsroom, Heads of government, Political science, American businesspeople,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04j54sl
BBC News : BBC World Service : November 06, 2016 11:00AM-11:06AM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04dl2pf
BBC News; The Newsroom; Sports News; BBC News Summary; World Business Report : BBC World Service : March 01, 2020 10:00PM-11:00PM GMT
10:00:00PM-10:06:00PM GMT — BBC News 02/03/2020 22:01 GMT 10:06:00PM-10:20:00PM GMT — The Newsroom 02/03/2020 22:06 GMT 10:20:00PM-10:30:00PM GMT — Sports News 02/03/2020 GMT 10:30:00PM-10:32:00PM GMT — BBC News Summary 02/03/2020 22:30 GMT 10:32:00PM-11:00:00PM GMT — World Business Report First broadcast 02/03/2020 22:32 GMT
BBC News; The Newsroom; BBC News Summary; Trending; World Wise Web : BBC World Service : March 21, 2020 05:00AM-06:00AM GMT
05:00:00AM-05:06:00AM GMT — BBC News 21/03/2020 05:01 GMT 05:06:00AM-05:30:00AM GMT — The Newsroom 21/03/2020 05:06 GMT 05:30:00AM-05:32:00AM GMT — BBC News Summary 21/03/2020 05:30 GMT 05:32:00AM-05:50:00AM GMT — Trending The fight against Poland's 'LGBT free zones' 05:50:00AM-06:00:00AM GMT — World Wise Web Drones
BBC World Service : June 10, 2018 06:00PM-07:00PM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Member states of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, Member...
BBC News; Newsday : BBC World Service : September 10, 2019 06:00AM-07:00AM BST
06:00:00AM-06:06:00AM BST — BBC News 2019/09/10 06:01 GMT The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service. 06:06:00AM-07:00:00AM BST — Newsday Could North Korea and US talks resume? North Korea says it is willing to restart denuclearisation talks with the United States
Topics: Radio Program, Members of the United Kingdom Parliament, Elections, East Asian countries, G20...
Topics: Radio Program, Health, World Digital Library related, Forms of government, Military, Continents,...
The Arts Hour : BBC World Service : September 11, 2016 03:06PM-04:00PM BST
Val McDermid, Angela Lansbury, Mandela Trilogy The best global arts coverage from across the BBC.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Arts Hour, Educational stages, School types, Continents, Pedagogy, Youth,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p046rjs1
The Inquiry : BBC World Service : September 28, 2017 08:06PM-08:30PM BST
Ban the Sale of Petrol and Diesel Cars Now? Can the electric car rule the road?
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Inquiry, Human geography, Electric vehicles, Automotive industry, Evidence...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csv1c0
Sports News : BBC World Service : May 30, 2017 11:20PM-11:30PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p053q6xd
From Our Own Correspondent : BBC World Service : June 04, 2017 03:06AM-03:30AM BST
Heroes and Villains Figureheads and rabble-rousers in the USA, Egypt, Spain's African enclaves and Indonesia
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, From Our Own Correspondent, Egalitarianism, National security, West African...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p054415r
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04fdt28
Business Matters : BBC World Service : August 03, 2017 01:06AM-02:00AM BST
03/08/2017 GMT Global business news, with live guests and contributions from Asia and the USA.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Business Matters, Foods, Environment, Currency, International trade, Heads of...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p059s1kv
BBC News Summary : BBC World Service : September 28, 2017 08:30PM-08:32PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vhz8m92z6mj
Business Matters : BBC World Service : October 27, 2016 01:06AM-02:00AM BST
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Business Matters, BBC World Service, Republics, Sports competitions, Member...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04ckns6
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0498f4b
Sporting Witness : BBC World Service : October 19, 2016 12:50AM-01:00AM BST
The Black Power Salute How two African-American athletes protested against racism at the 1968 Olympic Games.
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Sporting Witness, Limestone, Composite materials, Cement, Concrete, Structural...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04bjb4r
BBC World Service : October 07, 2020 09:00AM-12:00PM BST
Newsday : BBC World Service : August 28, 2017 08:06AM-08:30AM BST
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Newsday, Republics, G20 nations, Countries in Africa, Divided regions, East...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vgdtdgk39yy
BBC World Service : May 26, 2019 02:00AM-03:00AM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Political science, Divided regions, East Asian countries, Republics, Death,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vhysc1ldq2n
BBC World Service : December 04, 2017 06:00AM-07:00AM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p046kfjd
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p051b9qv
BBC News : BBC World Service : April 09, 2017 05:00PM-05:06PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04yrrr7
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p05b9pyk
Topics: Radio Program, Virtual reality, Pigs, Slavic countries and territories, Landlocked countries,...
BBC World Service : September 17, 2018 09:00PM-10:00PM BST
BBC News : BBC World Service : August 17, 2017 02:00PM-02:06PM BST
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vhysq9wxwfz
BBC News : BBC World Service : February 18, 2017 06:00PM-06:06PM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04skkw7
BBC World Service : July 06, 2018 08:00PM-09:00PM BST
Topics: Radio Program, Population genetics, Political science, Member states of the Commonwealth of...
BBC News; World Update : BBC World Service : January 01, 2020 10:00AM-11:00AM GMT
10:00:00AM-10:06:00AM GMT — BBC News 2020/01/01 10:01 GMT 10:06:00AM-11:00:00AM GMT — World Update 'Deadliest day' of Australia fires
Topics: Radio Program, Climate forcing agents, Western Asia, Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations,...
BBC News; The Newsroom; BBC News Summary; Health Check : BBC World Service : December 16, 2019 02:00AM-03:00AM GMT
02:00:00AM-02:06:00AM GMT — BBC News 2019/12/16 02:01 GMT 02:06:00AM-02:30:00AM GMT — The Newsroom 16/12/2019 GMT 02:30:00AM-02:32:00AM GMT — BBC News Summary 2019/12/16 02:30 GMT 02:32:00AM-03:00:00AM GMT — Health Check Mobile phones and head injuries
Topics: Radio Program, Divided regions, East Asian countries, Republics, Political terminology, G20...
The Newsroom : BBC World Service : December 18, 2016 01:06AM-01:20AM GMT
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Newsroom, Human rights abuses, Personhood, Economics, Human rights, Law,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04kz9k3
BBC News Summary : BBC World Service : December 25, 2016 07:30PM-07:32PM GMT
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04krv0d
The Why Factor : BBC World Service : January 02, 2017 03:32AM-03:50AM GMT
Vigilantes Why do some people take the law into their own hands?
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, The Why Factor, Forms of government, Political science, G20 nations, Liberal...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04kt4r3
Topics: BBC, Radio Program, Newsday, Trade, Business terms, Politics, Member states of the United Nations,...
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04cch8l
Posts by arkiver2


text:
Q: sudo prompt in terminal doesn't enter I am trying to install Spotify on Ubuntu 16.04. I type the command into the terminal sudo apt-key adv... etc. and hit enter. It prompts me for the password and when I type on the keyboard nothing happens. How do I get this to work?

A: It's for Security purposes you will be not able to see anything when you are typing your password, so that others can't guess your password by looking at number of characters or so...
You just type your Password and type enter.
To install an application we are supposed to use the sudo apt-get install command followed by the name of the package one wishes to install.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
$(document).ready(function(){
    //initialize customer list
        var consumerListModule = (function(){
            var tbl_consumer_list;

            var bindEventHandlers=(function(){
                /**
                 *
                 *	fires when edit consumer button on selected row is clicked
                 *
                 */
                $('#tbl_consumer_list tbody').on('click','button[name="edit_consumer"]',function(){
                    var row=$(this).closest('tr');
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setMode("edit"); //set mode to editing
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setSelectedID(row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').val()); //what is the id of the consumer we are going to update
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setSelectedRow(row); //remember the row we are going to update
                    //object details of modal
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setDetails({
                        "consumer_id"	:		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').val(),
                        "consumer_name"	:		row.find('td').eq(1).text(),
                        "contact_no"	:		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-contact-no'),
                        "email"	        :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-email'),
                        "second_address"	:		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-second-address'),
                        "meter_no"	    :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-meter-no'),
                        "house_no"	    :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-house-no'),
                        "street_no"	    :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-street-no'),
                        "barangay"	    :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-barangay'),
                        "municipality"	:		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-municipality'),
                        "zipcode"	    :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-zipcode'),
                        "province"	    :		row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').attr('data-province')
                    });

                    //show invoice info modal
                    consumerInfoModalModule.showModal();

                });

                $('#tbl_consumer_list tbody').on('click','button[name="remove_consumer"]',function(){
                    var row=$(this).closest('tr');
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setMode("remove"); //set mode to editing
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setSelectedID(row.find('td:eq(0) input[type="checkbox"]').val()); //what is the id of the consumer we are going to update
                    consumerInfoModalModule.setSelectedRow(row); //remember the row we are going to update
                    //object details of modal

                    //show invoice info modal
                    consumerInfoModalModule.showConfirmModal();
                    $('#modal_mode').html("REMOVE ")
                });

            })();

            var initializeConsumerDatatable = (function(){
                            tbl_consumer_list=$('#tbl_consumer_list').DataTable({
                                "iDisplayLength":15,
                                "bLengthChange":false,
                                "order": [[ 0, "desc" ]],
                                "oLanguage": {
                                    "sSearch": "Search: ",
                                    "sProcessing": "Please wait..."
                                },
                                "dom": '<"toolbar">frtip',
                                "columnDefs": [
                                    {
                                        'bSortable': false,
                                        'targets': [0],
                                        'width':'4%',
                                        'render': function(data, type, full, meta){
                                            return '<input type="checkbox" onclick="fnChecked(this)" class="tableflat" ' +
                                            'value="'+data.split('|')[0]+'"' +
                                            'data-contact-no="'+data.split('|')[1]+'"' +
                                            'data-email="'+data.split('|')[2]+'"' +
                                            'data-second-address="'+data.split('|')[3]+'"' +
                                            'data-meter-no="'+data.split('|')[4]+'"' +
                                            'data-house-no="'+data.split('|')[5]+'"' +
                                            'data-street-no="'+data.split('|')[6]+'"' +
                                            'data-barangay="'+data.split('|')[7]+'"' +
                                            'data-municipality="'+data.split('|')[8]+'"' +
                                            'data-zipcode="'+data.split('|')[9]+'"' +
                                            'data-province="'+data.split('|')[10]+'"' +
                                            '>';
                                        }
                                    } ,
                                    {
                                        'targets': [4],
                                        'render': function (data, type, full, meta){
                                            var btn_edit='<button class="btn btn-white btn-sm" name="edit_consumer"  style="margin-left:-15px;" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="Edit Customer"> </button>';
                                            var btn_trash='<button class="btn btn-white btn-sm" name="remove_consumer" style="margin-right:-15px;" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="Move to trash"> </button>';
                                            return ''+btn_edit+btn_trash+'';
                                        }

                                    }
                                ]

                            });
                        })();
                        // tbl consumer list datatable initialization

            var  showConsumerList=function(){

                $('#tbl_consumer_list tbody').html('

');
                $.getJSON("ConsumerManagementController/ActionGetConsumerList", function(response){
                        tbl_consumer_list.clear().draw();
                        console.log(response);

                        $.each(response,function(index,value){
                            //alert(value.customer_id);
                            tbl_consumer_list.row.add([
                                value.hidden,
                                value.consumer_name,
                                value.address,
                                '0'

                            ]);
                        });

                        tbl_consumer_list.draw();

                    }).fail(function(xhr,stat,error){
                        alert(xhr.responseText);
                        console.log(xhr);
                    });
            };

            var lastPage=function(){
                $('#tbl_consumer_list ul li:nth-last-child(2) a').click(); //trigger 2nd to the last link, the last page number
            };

            var addRow=function(data){
                tbl_consumer_list
                    .row
                    .add(data)
                    .draw();
            };

            //create toolbar buttons
            var createToolBarButton=function(_buttons){
                $("div.toolbar").html(_buttons);
            };

            //get the invoice table object instance
            var getTableInstance=function(){
                return tbl_consumer_list;
            };

            //update row
            var updateRow=function(row,data){
                tbl_consumer_list
                    .row(row)
                    .data(data)
                    .draw();
            };

            var removeRow=function(row,data){
                tbl_consumer_list
                    .row(row)
                    .remove(data)
                    .draw();
            };

            //return objects as functions
            return {
                getTableInstance : 		getTableInstance,
                createToolBarButton: 	createToolBarButton,
                showConsumerList:       showConsumerList,
                addRow: 				addRow,
                updateRow:				updateRow,
                removeRow:				removeRow,
                lastPage: 				lastPage
            };

        })();

    var consumerInfoModalModule=(function(){
        var _mode;		var _selectedID;	 var _selectedRow;
        //binds all events of invoice modal
        var bindEventHandlers=(function(){

            /**
             *
             * fires everytime the record invoice button on modal is clicked
             *
             **/
            $('#btn_create_consumer').click(function(){

                if(validateRequiredFields()){ //if true, all required fields are supplied

                    if(_mode=="new"){ //if current mode is new
                        createNewConsumer()

                            .success(function(response){ //if request is successful
                                console.log(response);

                                PNotify.removeAll(); //remove all notifications
                                new PNotify({
                                    title: 'Success!',
                                    text:  response.msg,
                                    type:  response.stat
                                }); //create new notification base on server response

                                var row=response.row[0];
                                var data=[row.hidden,row.consumer_name,row.address,"0"];
                                consumerListModule.addRow(data); //add the info of recent invoice
                                consumerListModule.lastPage(); //go to last page
                                clearFields(); //clear fields

                            })
                            .error(function(xhr,stat,error){ //if error occurs
                                alert(xhr.responseText);
                                console.log(xhr);
                            });

                    }else{		//if current mode is update

                        updateConsumer()
                            .success(function(response){ //if request is successful
                                //console.log(response);
                                //alert(response.test);
                                hideModal();
                                PNotify.removeAll(); //remove all notifications
                                new PNotify({
                                    title: 'Success!',
                                    text:  response.msg,
                                    type:  response.stat
                                }); //create new notification base on server response

                                var row=response.row[0];
                                var data=[row.hidden,row.consumer_name,row.address,""];
                                consumerListModule.updateRow(_selectedRow,data);
                                clearFields(); //clear fields

                            })
                            .error(function(xhr,stat,error){ //if error occurs
                                alert(xhr.responseText);
                                console.log(xhr);
                            });
                    }

                }

            });

            $('#btn_yes').click(function(){
                        removeConsumer()
                            .success(function(response){ //if request is successful
                                //console.log(response);
                                //alert(response.test);
                                hideConfirmModal();
                                PNotify.removeAll(); //remove all notifications
                                new PNotify({
                                    title: 'Success!',
                                    text:  response.msg,
                                    type:  response.stat
                                }); //create new notification base on server response

                                var row=response.row[0];
                                var data=[row.hidden,row.consumer_name,row.address,""];
                                consumerListModule.removeRow(_selectedRow,data);

                            })
                            .error(function(xhr,stat,error){ //if error occurs
                                alert(xhr.responseText);
                                console.log(xhr);
                            });

            });

        })();

        //function that validates all required fields, returns true if all required fields are supplied
        var validateRequiredFields=function(){
            var	stat=1;

            $('input[required]').each(function(){
                if($(this).val()==""){

                    $(this).focus()
                        .tooltip('show');

                    PNotify.removeAll();
                    new PNotify({
                        title: 'Missing!',
                        text: $(this).data('message'),
                        type: 'error'
                    });

                    stat=0;
                    return false; //this will exit on function inside 'each'
                }
            });
            return stat; //this will always be executed and return current state
        }; //end of validateRequiredFields

        //add new consumer
        var createNewConsumer=function(){

            var serialData=$('#frm_consumer_info').serializeArray();

            return $.ajax({
                "dataType":"json",
                "type":"POST",
                "url":"ConsumerManagementController/ActionSaveConsumerInfo",
                "data":serialData
            });

        }; //end of saveConsumerInfo

        //update consumer
        var updateConsumer=function(){

            var serialData=$('#frm_consumer_info').serializeArray();
            serialData.push({
                name:"id",value: _selectedID
            });

            console.log(serialData);

            return $.ajax({
                "dataType":"json",
                "type":"POST",
                "url":"ConsumerManagementController/ActionUpdateConsumerInfo",
                "data":serialData
            });

        };

        //remove consumer
        var removeConsumer=function(){

            var serialData=$('#frm_consumer_info').serializeArray();
            serialData.push({
                name:"id",value: _selectedID
            });
            console.log(serialData);
            return $.ajax({
                "dataType":"json",
                "type":"POST",
                "url":"ConsumerManagementController/ActionDeleteConsumerInfo",
                "data":serialData
            });

        };
        //set mode of modal, are we going to add new or update??
        var setCurrentMode=function(status){
            _mode=status.toLowerCase();
        };

        //returns the current mode of the modal, add new or update
        var getCurrentMode=function(){
            return _mode;
        };

        //set selected id, the consumer
        var setSelectedID=function(id){
            _selectedID=id;
        };

        //get selected id, the consumer
        var getSelectedID=function(){
            return _selectedID;
        };

        //set selected row, the tr element
        var setSelectedRow=function(row){
            _selectedRow=row;
        };

        //get selected row, the tr element
        var getSelectedRow=-function(){
            return _selectedRow;
        }

        var clearFields=function(){
            $('#frm_consumer_info input,#frm_consumer_info textarea').val('');

        };

        var showModal=function(){
            $('#consumer_modal').modal('show');
        };

        var hideModal=function(){
            $('#consumer_modal').modal('hide');
        };

        var showConfirmModal=function(){
            $('#confirm_modal').modal('show');
        };

        var hideConfirmModal=function(){
            $('#confirm_modal').modal('hide');
        };

        //set invoice modal details
        var setConsumerModalDetails=function(data){
            $('input[name="consumer_name"]').val(data.consumer_name);
            $('input[name="contact_no"]').val(data.contact_no);
            $('input[name="email"]').val(data.email);
            $('input[name="house_no"]').val(data.house_no);
            $('input[name="street"]').val(data.street_no);
            $('input[name="barangay"]').val(data.barangay);
            $('input[name="municipality"]').val(data.municipality);
            $('input[name="province"]').val(data.province);
            $('input[name="zipcode"]').val(data.zipcode);
            $('textarea[name="second_address"]').html(data.second_address);
        };

        //return value of this invoice modal object module
        return {
            setMode: 		setCurrentMode,
            getMode:		getCurrentMode,
            clearFields: 	clearFields,
            showModal: 		showModal,
            hideModal:		hideModal,
            showConfirmModal: 		showConfirmModal,
            hideConfirmModal:		hideConfirmModal,

            setDetails: 	setConsumerModalDetails,
            setSelectedID: 	setSelectedID,
            getSelectedID: 	getSelectedID,
            setSelectedRow: setSelectedRow

        }; //end of return value

    })();

    //sparkline graph
    $("#sparkline8").sparkline([2,5, 6, 7, 2, 0, 4, 2, 4, 5, 7, 2, 4, 12, 14, 4, 2, 14, 12, 7,5,4,3,4], {
        type: 'bar',
        barWidth: 8,
        height: '80px',
        barColor: '#1ab394',
        negBarColor: '#c6c6c6'
    });

    /************************************************************************************/

    var _btnNew='<button class="btn btn-white btn-sm"  id="btn_new_consumer" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#consumer_modal" data-placement="left" title="Create New Consumer" > Create New Consumer</button>';

    consumerListModule.createToolBarButton(_btnNew);
    consumerListModule.showConsumerList();

    $('#btn_new_consumer').click(function(){
        consumerInfoModalModule.setMode("new");
        consumerInfoModalModule.clearFields(); //clear fields
    });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The technology industry is an increasingly healthy part of North Carolina's economy, according to a new report published by the N.C. Technology Association.
The group recently released its annual North Carolina State of Technology Industry Report. Data used in the report, drawn largely from 2015, analyzes four subsectors: energy technology, environmental technology, life sciences technology and information technology. In 2015, these subsectors combined employed more than 239,000 people and were worth $82 billion in sales revenue, according to the report.
Randall Johnson, executive director of N.C. Biotechnology Center's Southeastern Office, said he found the report's results consistent with what his organization observes in the life sciences subsector in southeastern North Carolina.
The report also found that North Carolina ranks first nationally in percentage of its tech workforce made up of women.
"While we have been instrumental in connecting more women with technology career opportunities, we have also noticed that there are also many more female entrepreneurs in the technology sector," said Emilyanne Atkinson, CEO of the Wilmington-based Cape Fear Women in Tech group.
Between 2010 and 2015, North Carolina ranked first among all 50 states in IT sector employment growth. That rate, at nearly 28.5 percent, was double the national average.
Overall, the state report concluded, the technology industry accounted directly for 5.8 percent of the total jobs in North Carolina but about 11 percent of total wage earnings and sales.
Johnson said he thinks industrial biotechnology is an area that could continue to grow in the region and the state.


I love brands who do brand campaigns that are not conventional. And I love high energy brand campaigns that make laid back Fijians like me jump up the chair, get excited and get moving. So hearing that the new MINI brand campaign has got underway with an established "NOT NORMAL" claim, my ears perked up.
Apparently, the global campaign conveys the brand's individual, high-energy attitude to life and highlights the strong emotional and personal connection between driver and MINI. "NOT NORMAL" focuses on MINI's strong, independent character. The campaign, which integrates the full range of MINI products, will be rolled out worldwide through all communication channels.


Morbark, Inc., recently signed a distributor agreement with Green Manufacturing Inc., to offer the Quadwheel as standard equipment on its compact, lightweight and affordable G 42 SP Stump Grinder. The agreement also makes Morbark the exclusive original equipment manufacturer in the tree care market to distribute the wheel.
The Quadwheel is designed to transform your stump grinder into a stump cutter. The wheel uses four replaceable mounting blocks and holders designed to protect the nuts from wear. Each holder accepts 3 Greenwheel Wearsharp™ Greenteeth. These innovative teeth are designed to wear to a new edge while cutting, increasing durability and the life of the tooth. The teeth are also indexable, so they can be turned to a new edge simply by loosening the nut, turning the tooth and retightening the nut. Since the Quadwheel system uses only 12 teeth and no spacers, fewer wear parts are needed, reducing maintenance and downtime for more production and profitability.
"Many people think fewer teeth would reduce production," said Gross, "but this configuration has shown it's actually the opposite; the Quadwheel uses 12 teeth instead of 18 teeth on our previous standard stump grinder wheel, while increasing the productivity of the grinder.
The Quadwheel is produced using 4140 steel. The holder and clamp blocks are grade-8 heat-treated for longer wear life.
This fits perfectly with the powerful Morbark G 42 SP Stump Grinder. Incorporating rugged, long-lasting design, the G 42 SP is an ideal unit for landscapers, stump grinding contractors and rental stores. Equipped with a 35-HP Kohler engine, this stump grinder really packs a punch. Its compact size, power and affordability allow customers the ability to expand their businesses or generate new business with a modest capital investment.
Green Manufacturing will display a Morbark G 42 SP stump grinder with the Quadwheel at its booth (#643) at the TCI Expo, November 13-15, in Hartford, Conn. You may also see the Quadwheel in Morbark's TCI Expo booth (#701).
Green Manufacturing, based in Southern Michigan, created a name in the industry 20 years ago when they invented the first indexable stump cutting tooth, Greenteeth. Using the latest technology and sophisticated CNC machining equipment, their products are made in the USA and are shipped worldwide. Their products include 12 different teeth offerings, 4 pocket systems, as well as a 2 different wheel options.
Visit www.greenteeth.com, "Like" us on Facebook, or subscribe to our YouTube channel.