This article provides best practices for developing requests for proposals for school commissioning, the first step in an effective quality-assurance process.
Editor's note: The following is based on "Best Practices for Specifying and Purchasing Commissioning for Schools," which Ron Wilkinson, PE, LEED AP, presented during HPAC Engineering's seventh annual Engineering Green Buildings Conference, held Sept. 23 and 24 in Baltimore as part of HVACR Week.
The commissioning (Cx) quality-assurance process is especially important for schools not only because our children deserve the healthiest and most productive indoor environments, but because in many parts of the United States, Cx is mandated by law for public and private educational facilities. What's more, school expenses are under increasing scrutiny, and Cx is an important part of minimizing energy use. Although Cx is used widely, there is no systematic approach to specifying and purchasing it for the best results at the lowest price.
This article will provide best practices for developing requests for proposals (RFP) for school Cx. A concise and complete RFP is the first step in an effective quality-assurance process for schools.
Since 2000, New Jersey School Construction Corp. has contracted with the New Jersey Institute of Technology to provide guidelines for the best schools in the United States. One facet of this endeavor is the creation and ongoing improvement of a school Cx RFP template. The template includes ASHRAE standards, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System, California commissioning guidelines, and the U.S. Department of Energy's/Portland Energy Conservation Inc.'s "Model Commissioning Plan and Guide Specifications." The template provides Cx purchasing guidelines for laypeople who frequently purchase technical services for schools.
The first lesson to learn about preparing a school Cx RFP is that it is not a brainstorming session. When a non-technical school board is tasked with specifying Cx, there is a tendency to pass the RFP around the room and add everything mentioned to the scope of work. The inevitable result of this is misunderstanding on the part of participating Cx providers (the Cx authority [CxA]) and "sticker shock" when the school board receives the proposed fees.
Cx can be applied to any part and system in a building, but that does not mean it should be applied to all parts of every project. For example, if the local fire marshal will witness demonstrations of the fire-alarm and fire-suppression systems, there may be little benefit to adding this to the Cx scope. On the other hand, if the school district has had problems with this in the past and the fire marshal has not helped, it might be good to add.
If state energy-office or utility-incentive programs are used to help pay for Cx, the tasks and equipment required by said programs must be included. Cx also can be funded by property insurance and tax rebates—and in some cases, Cx is mandatory when such funding is obtained. Certain Cx items, such as systems manuals, lessons-learned meetings, off-season testing, and as-built documentation, are required by some programs.
The point is that Cx is owner-driven, and Cx scope as requested in an RFP must reflect the owner's considered, discussed, and thought-out needs. The owners must understand the process, define why they are doing it, and explain what they want out of it.
Commissioning proprietary systems—security, specialty lighting (such as for a theater), telephone, and closed-circuit audio/video (such as closed-circuit television)—is outside the scope of LEED Cx requirements. Therefore, it should not be part of a LEED Cx RFP, unless the owner has a specific reason. If the owner wants Cx for proprietary systems, he or she should check the bid package to see if it already is part of the installing subcontract. If it is, having the CxA witness the testing will be less expensive than arranging the testing from scratch. Adding this clarification to the RFP can result in a lower fee for the overall project. Note the difference between this scenario and HVAC testing, which almost never requires real, documented Cx of the installed system by the installing contractors. This is especially true when systems, such as boilers, pumps, air-handling units, and perimeter heat, overlap.
It is important to hire the CxA as early in the project as possible. The best time to bring the CxA on board is immediately after the design team is hired, during the pre-design phase of a project.
Although little may be known about the actual structure, a full programming document should be completed by the time the design team is hired. The document will outline the square footage of the building (plus or minus 10 percent), the various occupancies, food service, laboratories, gymnasiums/pools, special features, materials, number of stories, phasing, budget, schedule, the level of LEED certification required (if any), and the level of energy efficiency, quality, and longevity required. This description, along with the systems to be commissioned, gives the CxA a basic outline from which a reasonably accurate fee can be generated.
This procedure can be refined, allowing the CxA generate a proposal for a project in two phases: design and construction/occupancy. The design-phase Cx scope mostly includes documentation and is less dependent on a square footage and actual installed systems than Cx that occurs during construction. The fact that about 25 percent of a Cx fee is expended during design and 75 percent during construction further minimizes the impact of small errors in fee estimation during the design stage.
Toward the end of design, when a job is being bid by contractors, the owner and CxA can revisit the CxA's initial construction-phase fee proposal and negotiate, if necessary. If there is a complete impasse in establishing a fair fee for the construction phase, the owner can solicit new proposals from scratch. This seldom is required.
Fee often is the most important criterion in CxA selection, but it never should be the only one. The Brooks Act mandates consultant selection based on competence, and most state and local procurement laws follow this procedure. A Cx selection-criteria matrix that gives credit for lower fees as well as experience with the project's type/size, the Cx firm's location relative to the project, previous successful projects, Cx training and certification, staff availability, and other considerations, should be created.
After receiving an equipment list from a prospective Cx provider, a school district might request calibration certificates to see who really is using and maintaining the equipment.
Although selection should never be based on fees alone, the range of fees submitted should be used as an overall guide to the success of an RFP. If the range is wider than 40 percent from the highest to lowest fee, the district should consider asking some questions, leveling the assumptions, and perhaps even reissuing the RFP. A clear, concise, and considered RFP makes all of the difference.
The first rule of Cx is that the CxA must be independent of the core design and construction team. This allows unbiased judgments by the CxA as he or she checks bid documents (plans and specifications) and verifies the operation of the installed equipment. Engineers who design projects are not capable of checking plans and specifications objectively. A fresh set of eyes sees things the designer does not.
Medium- and large-size firms might be able to commission their own designs by having someone from a separate Cx group do the work. Multiple offices and partners/lines of reporting help this independence. The U.S. Green Building Council and others generally agree that acceptable unbiased judgments cannot be obtained when general contractors/subcontractors are left to confirm correct operation of systems they installed.
There are many Cx firms to choose from, and rarely is there a need to use the same firm for design, construction, and/or Cx. The Building Commissioning Association (BCA) includes a list of certified Cx professionals on its Website (http://bit.ly/cAuve0).
Some school districts issue RFPs that combine Cx with TAB. TAB consists of final piping and ductwork adjustments that ensure water and air volumes equal the levels described in plans and specifications. If TAB is not performed correctly, equipment, such as terminal units at the end of ducts and pipe runs, may be short of air and/or water and, therefore, fail to heat and cool to rated capacity. Temperature-related complaints made shortly after occupancy may be caused by insufficient TAB (and insufficient controls).
Because TAB is a critical process that occurs near the end of a project, it sometimes is combined with Cx into a single contract. Although this results in one fewer contract for the owner to administer, it is not a good idea. Just like CxAs, TAB providers have their own rules and certifying organizations. TAB should be completed first and then confirmed via sampling by the CxA.
Traditionally, TAB has been a bid service at the bottom tier of the mechanical/sheet-metal/piping hierarchy. It is better to contract TAB directly through the owner, so he or she has additional insight into the quality provided by the contractors and another chance to head off problems that otherwise may become evident only long after the facility is occupied and contractors have left the site.
Lines of communication should be described explicitly in an RFP. When it comes to Cx, the best arrangement is for the CxA to report directly to the owner or a specific delegate. The delegate does not have to be an engineer on the owner's staff: Anyone with a common-sense understanding of the construction process would be appropriate. The delegate does not need to know the technical side of HVAC, lighting, and envelope performance. It is only necessary that he or she apply common sense to the CxA's technical judgment and track the process as it proceeds. Additionally, the individual must be able to reject contractor payments when needed to attain required system corrections.
If the owner does not have a person who is qualified to track the Cx process, an owner's representative (OR) can be hired to protect the owner's interests. The OR usually is someone other than the construction manager, to avoid conflicts. The OR can appoint a person to be the Cx focal point, collect documentation, and approve payments as equipment and systems are verified.
If the construction manager does not hold any contracts and has no financial contingencies in the project, he or she can represent the owner and communicate with the CxA. Medium- and large-size school districts should consider sending someone from their project team to a Cx training course to understand the process better. Again, this person does not have to be an engineer or a technician; a common-sense understanding of construction is enough. These types of courses are offered by the BCA, the University of Wisconsin, the Association of Energy Engineers, and others. This kind of training provides valuable insight into developing an accurate RFP.
Many schools use large numbers of small HVAC equipment, such as cabinet heaters, reheat boxes, variable-air-volume (VAV) terminal units, fan-coil units, and exhaust fans. These items can be sampled to establish quality levels at a substantial savings compared with testing every single unit. Critical units should be sampled at a higher number than non-critical ones.
If no issues are found, comparable pieces of equipment likely have a similar high rate of accuracy. If errors are found, a new sample needs to be selected. If errors are found in the second sample, the entire lot should be tested.
Further, if a school only has two boilers, two chillers, two cooling towers, and six air-handling units, all of the equipment should be tested. If the school has 30 to 300 repetitive items, the equipment should be tested at a rate of 15 to 40 percent depending on criticality. More guidance on equipment sampling can be found in ASHRAE Guideline 1.1-2007, HVAC&R Technical Requirements for the Commissioning Process.
An RFP should include a table of planned equipment and sampling rates the CxA must satisfy. A difference in Cx fees of 15 percent vs. 100 percent of 300 VAV boxes is huge. An RFP also should state that repeat testing after the first retest will be billed to the installing contractor and that the CxA will be reimbursed for the extra time required on the job. This puts the cost incentive for quality squarely in the lap of the installing contractors and will level the fee programs from the prospective Cx providers.
The "deliverable" section of an RFP provides another pointed explanation of what is expected from the CxA. Typical deliverables include a review of the owner's project requirements, a Cx plan, a design-review report, Cx specifications, a deficiency database (updated weekly during functional testing), systems manuals, a final report, a training verification plan, an off-season testing plan, and a warranty walk-through report.
The Cx RFP is the first step in a successful school construction project. When an owner assumes responsibility for defining a project's Cx quality assurance, he or she takes the first step in controlling the quality of the finished building. Start Cx early and right with an accurate and thoughtful RFP, and a quality project will follow.
A commissioning project manager for AKF Group LLC, a full-service engineering firm, Ron Wilkinson, PE, LEED AP, is an authority on commissioning Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System projects and sustainable buildings. He is the author of the first commissioning training program for LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations, the chair of the commissioning advisory committee of The American Institute of Architects (AIA) Committee on the Environment, and the recording secretary for American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Guideline Project Committee 0.2/1.2, The Commissioning Process for Existing Building Systems and Assemblies/The Commissioning Process for Existing HVAC&R Systems. An ASHRAE Distinguished Lecturer and an AIA Continuing Education Lecturer, he has spoken on commissioning practices internationally. He is a longtime member of HPAC Engineering's Editorial Advisory Board.
The operations and maintenance supervisor.
An operations and maintenance staff member.
What is the goal of the Cx process for this project?
What equipment and systems must be included to meet the goal?
What Cx tasks that must be included to meet that goal?
What firms should be invited to propose on this project?
What criteria will be used to select the Cx provider?


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Q: Python: Is it possible to delay execution of default argument values until the class object has been instantiated? In the example below, we see C1.__init__() has been executed before either of the class objects have been instantiated. Is there any way to avoid this?
Python 3.7.5 (default, Nov  7 2019, 10:50:52)
[GCC 8.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> class C1:
...     def __init__(self):
...        print('C1.__init__ executed')
...
>>> class C2:
...     def meth_C2(self, c1=C1()):
...         print('C2.__init__ executed')
...
C1.__init__ executed

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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L'équipe de Pologne olympique a remporté 26 médailles (7 en or, 6 en argent, 13 en bronze) lors de ces Jeux olympiques d'été de 1976 à Montréal, se situant à la  des nations au tableau des médailles.

L'athlète  Grzegorz Śledziewski est le porte-drapeau d'une délégation polonaise comptant 207 sportifs (180 hommes et 27 femmes).

Liste des médaillés polonais

Médailles d'Or

Médailles d'Argent

Médailles de Bronze

Engagés polonais par sport

Athlétisme

Aviron

Boxe

Canoë-Kayak

Cyclisme

Escrime

Football

Gymnastique

Haltérophilie

Handball

Judo

Lutte

Natation

Pentathlon moderne

Tir

Tir à l'arc

Volleyball

Voile

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Jeux olympiques d'été de 1976
 Pologne aux Jeux olympiques

Liens externes
  Pologne aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1976 sur www.sports-reference.com
  Pologne sur le site du Comité international olympique
  Site officiel du Comité national olympique polonais

1976
Délégation aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1976

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Home WORLD Al-Shabaab boasts of 'many dead bodies' in Somalia hotel attack
Al-Shabaab boasts of 'many dead bodies' in Somalia hotel attack
A car bomb went off on Friday at a hotel in Somalia's port city of Kismayo where local elders and lawmakers were meeting to discuss an upcoming regional election and was followed by gunfire, a police officer said.
The Islamist militant group al-Shabaab, which is linked to al-Qaeda and is trying to topple Somalia's central government, said it had carried out a suicide attack.
"A blast occurred in Hotel Asasey in the heart of Kismayo, followed by gunfire. Local elders and lawmakers were having a meeting there. It is too early to know if there are any casualties," Major Mohamed Abdi, a police officer, told Reuters from Kismayo.
Abdi Ahmed, a local district official, told The Associated Press Friday night that at least 10 are dead and that the death toll may rise.
Abdiasis Abu Musab, al-Shabaab's military operation spokesman, said the militant group was behind the attack and that fighting was still going on.
"First we targeted [the hotel] with a suicide car bomb and then armed Mujahideen stormed the hotel. We are still fighting inside the hotel," he said.
"There are many dead bodies inside the hotel, including a dead white man. We control the hotel now."
Driven out of Kismayo
Hussein Nur, a shopkeeper in Kismayo, told Reuters: "There were many people including officials and elders, mostly from one clan, who were discussing the coming Kismayo election."
Nur was referring to elections in the city due sometime in August.
Al-Shabaab was ejected from Mogadishu in 2011 and has since been driven from most of its other strongholds.
It was driven out of Kismayo in 2012. The city's port had been a major source of revenue for the group from taxes, charcoal exports and levies on arms and other illegal imports.
Outside of Kismayo, al-Shabaab still controls parts of Jubbaland, a region in southern Somalia.
It remains a major security threat, with fighters frequently carrying out bombings in Somalia and neighbouring Kenya, whose troops form part of the African Union-mandated peacekeeping force that helps defend the Somali government.
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Ferrassières ist ein Ort und eine französische Gemeinde mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) im Département Drôme in der Region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (vor 2016 Rhône-Alpes). Sie gehört zum Arrondissement Nyons und zum Kanton Nyons et Baronnies.

Lage
Ferrassières, die südlichste Gemeinde des Départements Drôme, liegt etwa 45 Kilometer ostnordöstlich von Avignon an der Grenze zu den Départements Gard und Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. Umgeben wird Ferrassières von den Nachbargemeinden Barret-de-Lioure im Norden und Nordosten, Revest-du-Bion im Osten und Südosten, Saint-Trinit im Süden, Aurel im Westen sowie Montbrun-les-Bains im Nordwesten.

Bevölkerungsentwicklung

Sehenswürdigkeiten
 Kirche Saint-Julien-de-Brioude
 Burg La Gabelle

Weblinks

Ort in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes


Are you ready? Here's our South Sound Summer Guide! It's all our most popular summer posts in one handy place! We'll have it here on our home page for a bit, and then it will go up in our menu bar, where you'll be able to drop down to select individual posts (handy if you like your fun in slightly smaller doses).
If you read us on your phone, you can expand the menu by clicking on that little square with the lines (Does that have a name? Does everyone know this but me?). As always, I'm also glad to help you find things. Send an email to soundsfunmom@gmail.com or come holler at me on the Facebook page. Let's have the Best Summer Ever!
For those of you who prefer your fun in smaller doses, don't worry! I'll continue to have new, daily posts all summer long. You can also check our calendar to see what's coming up!
From Burien all the way to Olympia, kids can bowl for FREE! We've got all the details and specific locations around the South Sound!
Check out the Regal Summer Movie Express $1 Kids Movies!
Got crafty campers? Michael's stores offer their Camp Creativity classes for a very reasonable 5.00 (supplies included)!
Sign up for one of the many awesome summer reading programs around the South Sound. There are programs and prizes for all ages!
Head here for the complete list of spraygrounds, wading pools, outdoor pools, and fountains!
Spend the day or lots of days with your family at a local summer festival or fair!
Touch a truck and honk some really loud horns!
Many South Sound city host FREE Summer concerts and shows for kids in the park throughout the summer. You won't want to miss some of the big names like Recess Monkey and Lucky Diaz and the Family Jam Band.
See an Outdoor Movie! We've got a HUGE list of Outdoor Movies in the South Sound!
Try a new to you playground at one of our many options in our Best South Sound Playgrounds list.
PS Can't get enough of our hike posts? We have more in the menu bar under outdoor fun. Click on, "Hikes," to see all of them!
or finding sea creatures revealed by low tides!
Speaking of beach exploration….Hit the beach at one of our favorite beaches for a whole day of fun!
Over the barnacles? Build a sand castle at a sandy beach!
Or Swim at the lake!
Too hot? Go relax in the shade! Check out our list of great South Sound parks with shade!
Need to get away? Go camping!
Take a roadtrip! Not sure where to go? We've got 15 great summer roadtrip ideas for you all within 3 hours of Tacoma!
Sign up for a South Sound Summer Camp! There are SO MANY to choose from. Be sure to check out our huge list, with categories like Nature Camps, Fine Arts Camps, Sports Camps, and more!
Sign your kiddos up for a neighborhood VBS!
Go to a museum for free!
Play at an indoor playground *Call and confirm hours first. Some change seasonally without updating their sites. We recommend getting the summer play pass from our friends at WiggleWorks. It's a great deal, and they have air conditioning!!
Make Your Bucket List! Ideas for still more South Sound Summer adventures….
(Shameless plug….) Subscribe to our Weekend Sneak Peek and make sure every summer weekend includes something amazing!
While you're toting your kiddos all over the South Sound, be sure to make your Swagger Wagon extra awesome with our Summer Vibes for Moms + Kids Rockin Playlist!
Don't forget, I'll have posts with ideas and activities just for the South Sound all summer long! Plus plenty of listings on our calendar.
Under the Play! Area Festivals and Fairs to Mark on Your Calendar – You have the ROY RODEO listed to be on July 1st and 2nd, but The Rodeo was on June 1st and 2nd.
Whoops! Thanks for catching that! The good news is it's coming back August 31st!
FREE gardening program for kids in Olympia!
Jetty Island is a blast too!
I have a great guest post on it in the archives.
Sad news. City goat farm and petting zoo is no longer open to the public! Boo hoo, they said you can only book the parties now which would get the price to about $7.50 person. Just thought I'd share.
Thanks, Sonjia. I knew they were having trouble with financing. Maybe we can do a reader party there!
Oh,wow! Thanks for the update!
What a great round-up! Can't wait to check some of these off our fun list!


text:
https://www.barrons.com/articles/esg-emerging-markets-un-climate-51663706940
ESG Is a Work in Progress for Emerging Markets
Gary Kleiman
Sept. 21, 2022 3:00 am ET
Environment, social, and governance topics interwoven with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals are sure to be a major subject of discussion at the UN's Climate Week.
Jeenah Moon/Bloomberg
About the author: Gary Kleiman is founder and senior partner at Kleiman International Consulting. He was previously an adjunct professor at Georgetown University School of Foreign Service and a financial sector expert for the International Monetary Fund/World Bank's First Initiative.
As the United Nations convenes its annual Climate Week, emerging-market investors are again sitting through endless symposia on the contrived trio of environment, social, and governance topics interwoven with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. They will realize, in a nod to asset-class origins, that a catchall category like ESG is in part a marketing slogan, with the actual allocation approach judged by good faith presumption and concrete rationale.
The category "emerging markets" began 40 years ago as an experimental World Bank stock fund label before morphing into a far-flung capital markets complex. By the same token, ESG was first associated with the U.N.'s Principles for Responsible Investment and the Global Compact, before spawning a cottage industry of voluntary industry-government frameworks and data providers.
The bottom line is no comprehensive formula exists for managing emerging-market portfolios or applying ESG standards. The diversity should be routinely accepted and encouraged so long as integration of these factors takes place.
The argument that emerging-market ESG funds outperform is also compelling, according to an IMF paper on recent trends. In the past several years dedicated ESG returns were 2% superior over broad gauges for bonds, and 7% for equities. However these comparisons are hardly straightforward, as they are skewed by credit rating, tech sector, and market size composition between the two. A commonsense rendering of the environmental "E" recognizes that emerging-market fossil-fuel energy exporters are on a journey to renewables at a different pace than their counterparts in the developed markets. Under the International Energy Agency's 2040 low carbon scenario, with oil prices averaging $40 a barrel, 40 countries stand to lose $9 trillion, and emerging markets account for 95% of them.
The sustainability and governance variables are not new to asset managers. They're merely grouped in an acronym now. From the early days, macroeconomic analysis has incorporated indicators for poverty, unemployment and the social-safety net, all of which weigh on emerging markets' GDP growth and fiscal balance. Governance falls into both corporate and public realms. Due diligence has long evaluated shareholder rights in theory and practice, along with Transparency International country-corruption rankings.
The rapid expansion of sustainable financial markets is significant regardless of any principles involved. ESG bonds saw inflows of almost $200 billion 2021, more than triple the $65 billion from 2020. That amounts to 40% of the inflows since 2015. Emerging markets had a near 15% global share of bond issuance last year, double the proportion for equities. Equity allocation was $25 billion in 2020 and 2021 for $150 billion assets under management, with the number of funds 7% of the worldwide count. ESG debt issuance, excluding China, rose to 5% of all outstanding last year, with the external portion above 15%. China itself placed $110 billion in green bonds, making it the third-largest issuer after the U.S. and Europe. China's green bonds now make up 2% of GDP. Chile leads in sustainable debt-to-GDP at 12%, followed by Mexico at 2%. In India and Poland, ESG versions are popular offshore, but sparse in local currency.
Green bonds have been two-thirds of fixed income for the past five years. They are subject to a plethora of domestic and international voluntary and regulatory codes. The London-based International Capital Markets Association's principles are widely cited as a template, but IMF research finds that less than half of emerging-market placements comply. The IMF outlines a four-stage process of project screening, proceeds use, outside verification, and annual reporting. ESG company disclosure overall averages a 40 score versus 50 for advanced economies according to Bloomberg indices. Brazil, Chile, Malaysia and Turkey are above 45, while Indonesia and India lag in the 25-30 range. The environmental category, with the recognized marketplace standards, comes in at only 35, while social and governance is 50.
ESG ratings are intimately tied to standard credit ratings. The main global agencies have jumped into the field by extending their own methodologies and acquiring specialist firms. Both types of ratings have been downgraded post-pandemic across emerging markets. Just as investors typically have a fiduciary duty to consult ratings in their process and may be confined to investment-grade countries and companies, they also seek out other analysis and opinion and thus far have not been held to allocation limits within the industry's nascent one-to-five scoring system. Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and Fitch argue client demand drove them to expand ESG coverage. But they acknowledge that capacity and willingness to pay matter too, as their historic mandate is an intricate mix of qualitative and quantitative considerations.
Expert consultants and AI-based data houses talk up their own credentials, and ESG certification programs are now available through professional bodies like the CFA Institute. The International Sustainability Standards Board and the global disclosure system run by not-for-profit CDP are on the case. The European Union has its own detailed reporting directive, and China has just formalized stock-exchange rules.
But as the IMF concludes with the ICMA green code, emerging-market observance is weak and a work in progress. While fleshing out these protocols, veteran fund managers also recall that the fund did not promulgate transparency norms for debt and foreign-exchange reserves until after the Asian financial crisis. It may take a comparable catastrophe on the ESG front for widespread acceptance. In the meantime, they can build on climate and energy knowledge from tracking weather-related and replacement commodity shifts in their conventional analysis along with the new tools available, with relief that responsibility is fulfilled without more U.N. and official lender conferences.
Guest commentaries like this one are written by authors outside the Barron's and MarketWatch newsroom. They reflect the perspective and opinions of the authors. Submit commentary proposals and other feedback to ideas@barrons.com.


Using an immense collection of historical weather data, researchers have modeled weather around the globe going as far back as 1871.
A new study shows the devastating Pakistan floods could have been anticipated if a forecasting network had been in place.
Scientists are becoming more adept at projecting climate conditions using advances in computer modeling techniques.
Both NOAA and NASA reported today that 2010 tied with 2005 for the title of warmest year on record.
Arctic sea ice extent hit a new low for the month of December as the Arctic stayed unusually warm.
How Will We Know if 2010 Was the Warmest Year on Record?
Researchers using different techniques have arrived at a similar conclusion: 2010 was a remarkably warm year. But did it set a new record?
Arctic warming and loss of sea ice may be helping to drive cold air southward, into the US and Europe, according to recent studies.


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Microtubule Star in Signalisation PI3K-Akt
Microtubule Star in Mitotic G1-G1/S Phases
Microtubule Star in Hepatitis C
Microtubule Star in Toll-Like Receptors Cascades
anti-Microtubule Star Anticorps
Aperçu des produits pour anti-Microtubule Star (MTS) Anticorps
anti-Microtubule Star Anticorps (MTS)
Chez www.anticorps-enligne.fr sont 3 Microtubule Star (MTS) Anticorps de 3 de différents fournisseurs disponibles. Un total de 3 Microtubule Star produits sont actuellement listés.
AI115466, D8Ertd766e, PP2Ac, PP2CA, PP2Calpha, RP-C
MTS 19053 P62715
MTS 5515 P67775
Réactivités les plus populaires pour anti-Microtubule Star (MTS) Anticorps
anti-Mouse (Murine) Microtubule Star Anticorps:
2 WB Anticorps
anti-Human Microtubule Star Anticorps:
anti-Rat (Rattus) Microtubule Star Anticorps:
Tous anti-Microtubule Star Anticorps disponible
Mouse (Murine) (2)
Rat (Rattus) (2)
Pathways pertinentes pour anti-Microtubule Star Anticorps
Signalisation PI3K-Akt
Mitotic G1-G1/S Phases
Plus produit pour Microtubule Star Anticorps
3 anti-Microtubule Star Primary Antibodies
anti-Microtubule Star Anticorps mieux référencés
Show all anti-Microtubule Star (MTS) Anticorps with Pubmed References
Mouse (Murine) Monoclonal Microtubule Star Primary Antibody pour IP, WB - ABIN1042659 : Hombauer, Weismann, Mudrak, Stanzel, Fellner, Lackner, Ogris: Generation of active protein phosphatase 2A is coupled to holoenzyme assembly. dans PLoS biology 2007 (PubMed)
Plus d'anticorps contre Microtubule Star partenaires d'interaction
Mouse (Murine) Microtubule Star (MTS) interaction partners
PP2B-Abeta limits platelet response to vascular injury by suppressing outside-in alphaII b beta3 integrin signaling
TRPV1 activation in endothelial cells may elicit a Ca(2+) -dependent effect on PP2B-PKC signalling, which leads to dephosphorylation of eNOS
PP2A activation via rapid, non-nuclear ER signaling may be a novel target for therapeutic approaches to inhibit vascular smooth muscle proliferation, which plays a central role in atherosclerosis and restenosis.
This study provides evidence that CaBP4 is dephosphorylated by PP2A in the retina.
generated conditional null alleles of Ppp2ca and Ppp2cb by flanking with loxP sites exons 3 to 5 of Ppp2ca and exon 3 of Ppp2cb. Ppp2ca(fl/fl) mice did not display any visible phenotype
calcineurin signaling plays a critical role in regulating skeletal muscle fiber type switching but not hypertrophy
Protein phosphatase 2Ac (alpha) can negatively regulate integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) signaling by suppressing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway
PP-2A is less abundant than PP-1 in the mouse eye and appear to be highly regulated by various regulatory subunits; the genes encoding PP-1alpha/beta, PP-2Aalpha/beta, PP-2A-Aalpha/beta, and PP-2A-B alpha/beta/gamma are all differentially expressed.
PP2A/C provides a dual inhibitory effect on Bcl2's survival function by both dephosphorylating Bcl2 and enhancing p53-Bcl2 binding.
Human Microtubule Star (MTS) interaction partners
These findings support our hypothesis that genetic variants in PPP2CA may be implicated in gastric cancer susceptibility in Chinese population.
PPP2CA may act as an oncogene in the progression of colorectal cancer
High PP2A expression is associated with Colorectal Cancer Cell Invasiveness.
PP2A overexpression is associated with lung metastasis in colorectal cancer .
Suspension survival mediated by PP2A-STAT3-Col XVII determines tumor initiation and metastasis in cancer stem cells.
alpha-Syn bound to PP2A Calpha by the hydrophobic interaction and upregulated its activity. Blocking the hydrophobic domain of alpha-Syn or hydrophilic mutation on the residue I123 in PP2A Calpha all reduced PP2A activity upregulation by alpha-Syn.
The results showed SNPs near PPP2CA were associated with decreased expression of PPP2CA mRNA in PBMCs from patients with SLE and suggested that the mRNA expression of the gene may be correlated with the pathogenesis of SLE.
This study demonstrated an association of PPP2CA (rs10491322 and rs7704116) with systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Furthermore, the minor allele of PPP2CA rs10491322 as a risk factor was correlated with immunologic disorders for systemic lupus erythematosus.
RAB9 competes with the catalytic subunit PPP2CA in binding to PPP2R1A. This competitive association has an important role in controlling the PP2A catalytic activity.
Results show that miR-199b is a tumor suppressor emerges as a potential contributing mechanism to inhibit PP2A via PP2A inhibitor SET (SET) overexpression in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Data show that protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines that were transfected with midline 1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (MID1)-siRNA, suggesting MID1 negatively regulates PP2A in lung adenocarcinoma.
B55alpha-PP2A mutations in acute myeloid leukemia have roles in leukemogenesis by promoting AKT T308 phosphorylation and sensitivity to AKT inhibitor-induced growth arrest
This work has significantly advanced our understanding of the RACK1/PP2A complex and suggests a pro-carcinogenic role for the RACK1/PP2A interaction. This work suggests that approaches to target the RACK1/PP2A complex are a viable option to regulate PP2A activity and identifies a novel potential therapeutic target in the treatment of breast cancer.
Moreover, PP2Acalpha2-overexpressed cells demonstrated increased expression of IGBP1, activated mTORC1 signaling to reduce basal autophagy and increased anchorage-independent growth. Our study provides new insights into the complex mechanisms of PP2A regulation.
protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-mediated Raf-MEK-ERK signaling was involved in glutaminolysis in endothelial cells.
Studies indicate that protein phosphatase methylesterase-1 (PME-1) negatively regulates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity by highly complex mechanisms.
Binding of PP2A and Akt increased in response to cAMP or phosphatidic acid (PA), suggesting that their binding is directly responsible for the inactivation of Akt during decidualization.
Knockdown of Alpha4 preferentially impacts the expression of PP4c and PP6c compared to expression levels of PP2Ac.
these data support a role for the novel PP2Ac-CIN85 complex in supporting integrin-dependent platelet function by dampening the phosphatase activity.
PP2Ac upregulation has a poor prognostic impact on the overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and contributes to the aggressiveness of HCC. PP2Ac may represent a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Microtubule Star (MTS) profil antigène
This gene encodes the phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit. Protein phosphatase 2A is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. This gene encodes an alpha isoform of the catalytic subunit.
Alternative names and synonyms associated with Microtubule Star (MTS)
protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, beta isoform (Ppp2cb) anticorps
protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP2CA) anticorps
D8Ertd766e anticorps
PP2Ac anticorps
PP2CA anticorps
PP2Calpha anticorps
RP-C anticorps
Protein level used designations for anti-Microtubule Star (MTS) Anticorps
PP2A-beta , protein phosphatase 2a, catalytic subunit, beta isoform , serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform , PP2A-alpha , protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform , protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit, alpha isoform , replication protein C , serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform , serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform
Fournisseurs de qualité sélectionnés pour anti-Microtubule Star (MTS) Anticorps
anti-Microtubule Associated Tumor Suppressor 1 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule Associated serine/threonine Kinase-Like Anticorps
anti-Microtubule Associated serine/threonine Kinase 2 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule Associated Protein 9 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule Associated Monoxygenase, Calponin and LIM Domain Containing 3 Anticorps
anti-Microspherule Protein 1 Anticorps
anti-Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Anticorps
anti-Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 3 Anticorps
anti-Microseminoprotein, beta Anticorps
anti-Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor Anticorps
anti-Microfibrillar-Associated Protein 4 Anticorps
anti-Microfibrillar Associated Protein 5 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Actin Crosslinking Factor 1 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 alpha Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 beta Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 beta 2 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 gamma Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1A Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1B Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 1S Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein 4 Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein tau Anticorps
anti-Microtubule-Associated Protein, RP/EB Family, Member 1 Anticorps
anti-Microvascular Endothelial Differentiation Gene 1 Protein Anticorps
anti-Midkine (Neurite Growth-Promoting Factor 2) Anticorps
anti-Midline 1 Anticorps
anti-Midnolin Anticorps
anti-MIF4G Domain Containing Anticorps


The New EP Album GOD (HUMAN) SATAN is out now!!!
A concentrate of Death Metal & Rock'n'Roll that will be shipped to you in a captivating version of ''Digi-vynil CD'' on slim Jewel box. All pieces are numbered (100pz/1st printing).
One pin free for every purchase!!!
S I N A T R A S © 2015 All rights reserved.


Feeling tired and not sure why? Need to check your health? A full suite of individual blood tests is available to assist in any diagnosis.
Whether you feel something isn't quite right with your health or want to monitor a potential illness or established disease, blood tests can be a useful means of diagnosing, assessing and monitoring.
In addition to a complete and comprehensive range of standard blood tests for specific conditions, we also offer specific blood profiles. Blood profiles can assist in diagnosing conditions with non-specific symptoms such as general fatigue and dietary issues.
St Joseph's Hospital benefits from an excellent on-site pathology department, ensuring that your blood test results are available rapidly and with precision.
Should your results warrant further investigation or a condition that requires treatment, you can be confident that a referral to one of our specialist consultants can take place without delay.


This is quite a different post, because I've not been released by GOD to share this in such a public way yet, but in sharing this, it needs to be shared.
Most people who know me, know I used to follow a gay lifestyle. No one's preaching won me over to CHRIST, neither did anyone's condemning attitude (and trust me, this movie is spot on when it depicts the attitude towards Christians in general), but what won me over was HIS Love for me, not just like John 3:16, but real, individual, sought out, chosen, loved. HE feels the exact same way about you.


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/ BIKE
Vespa Notte: Bellesima!
posted February 28, 2019 at 09:55 pm by Lester Dizon
Moto Italia Philippines Inc. recently launched the Vespa Notte at Xylo Bar. Moto Italia President Willy Tee Ten and Piaggio Asia Pacific CEO Gianluca Fiume announced that the partnership of two companies is getting stronger and plans to launch more new products in the future.
Dedicated to those who love attention to detail with a meticulous finish of high quality products, the Vespa Notte can easily distinguish itself from the rest; with its total black look, it invokes a feeling of power, importance, and exclusivity that gains the attention of everyone it comes across.
The Vespa Notte is the special series available for Vespa Sprint (150cc versions) and Vespa GTS Super (300 cc version) models, making it based on the technical and mechanical foundation of the most recent large frame Vtespa scooters.
Its name, lending itself from the Italian word notte, meaning "night," is a clever nod to its aesthetics as a night-time style, referencing its total black color being paired with the opaque black chassis' glossy details. The design of the scooter really reminds one of a gorgeous night sky illuminated by the polar lights.
Accenting the elegant design of the Vespa Notte are the mirrors, the ornaments of the classic "tie" on the front shield, the handlebar ends, the passenger handle and the extractable footpegs of the GTS Super Notte. Refined details include a saddle dedicated to each model, a plate with the logo placed on the rear shield, and the rims and muffler guard, which are also painted a glossy black.
Of course, the two scooters are set apart not only with their individual takes on the Notte design, but their different engines as well.
The Vespa Sprint Notte is available with 150 cc engine, which are part of the cutting edge family of Piaggio i-get engines. The head of the i-get engine family, 150 cc is a singlecylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke engine equipped with electronic injection and 3-valve distribution. From the exhaust to the inner structure of the transmission casing, each and every detail is designed to ensure a smooth and quiet ride. This scooter is not only comfortable, though– Its remarkably environmentally friendly engine is capable of performing to the top of its category. The power and maximum torque of the i-get 150 cc engine are 9.5kw at 7750 rpm and 12.8 Nm at 6500 rpm, figures that work with the proverbially light weight of all Vespa scooters to give the Vespa Sprint Notte a particularly lively acceleration.
Vespa GTS 300
On the other hand, the Vespa GTS 300 Super Notte has a modern, high tech, single cylinder, 4-stroke, 4-valve, liquid cooled, electronic injection engine capable of putting out 15.6 kW (21.2 hp) at 7,750 rpm and a maximum torque of 22 Nm at just 5,000 rpm. With prompt acceleration ensured by the numbers it puts out, riders can expect a particularly brilliant performance from this scooter, making the large frame special version Vespa the perfect vehicle to move about comfortably both in city traffic and for outdoor travel.
Putting a dark but exceptionally elegant look on the Vespa scooter, the Vespa Notte series leaves you unable to stop yourself from proclaiming "Bellisima!" whenever it drives by.
Topics: Vespa Notte , Moto Italia Philippines Inc. , Vespa Sprint 150 , Vespa GTS 300
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Dave East drops his final Eastmix of 2016.
With Skillz and Uncle Murda, Bekay also has been doing yearly "rap-ups." So as 2016 closes, Bekay drops his 2016 Year In Review.
Lil Uzi Vert employs some Japanese pop culture into his new video for P's & Q's.
Jus Smith releases the official video for his well received single Court Vision, directed by Julius Stukes. The video features another up and coming artist from Harlem, Jay Prezi, as well as Jus' older brother.
Tyga and Kanye West drop a new track, and the last L of 2016, in Feel Me.
IamSu! connects with E-40, to drop a new version of his cut Bo$$ Up.
For the last Blue Friday of 2016, Lloyd Banks drops the appropriately titled Champagne & Caviar.


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22. November, 2015 | Posted by admin | Categories: Uncategorized
Greetings, and thanks for joining me for another week. First, a valuable quote from Confucius! "Never contract friendship with a man that is not better than thyself." I have done quite well in following those words. My relentless, inexorable, demanding slave-driving (can I say that?), whip-cracking webmaster of the past, well, many years is taking a forced, well-deserved break. He is the person who first gets my column each week, works his magic, and makes sure it gets posted. If I was late, I heard about it. If there was an error/typo, I heard about it. If a column was especially good (an incredibly rare occurrence), I heard about it. This past week, I switched web hosts (as I am sure you noticed), and until I figure out what it takes to get my offering posted (I am a person of words, as untechno and hands-off as one gets), he will have a week off. Once I get the process down, I will ask (on bended knee if necessary) if he wants to carry on the tradition. Besides what I said above to describe him, he is truly a wonderful friend and I love him dearly. He's not going to get away that easily (unless he begs [on bended knee] and really wants to). And yes, he is a better person than me.
Next, so, was Dickens right about the law? He wrote "…the law is a ass…." Daniel Darrington was recently spared a murder conviction in even after admitting intentionally shooting Rocky Matskassy at point-blank range to "relieve his suffering." The Melbourne, Australia, jury decided that Matskassy, in pain from an earlier accidental shooting, was indeed already dead when Darrington shot him. However, under the law of the state of Victoria, it is still "attempted murder" because Darrington believed that Matskassy was still alive when he pulled the trigger. [The Age (Melbourne)]
Finally, nom, nom, (crunch) nom. Benno, the Belgian Malinois, of Mountain Home, Arkansas, has eaten a ridiculous series of items over his four years, but his latest meal was 23 live rounds of .308-caliber bullets (all swallowed after Benno had partially gnawed them [I am thinking there could have been some free dental work there]). Among Benno's other delicacies: a bra, lawn mower air filter, TV remote, styrofoam peanuts, drywall, magnets, and an entire loaf of bread still in the wrapper. [Baxter Bulletin]
Philip White of Eagle, Colo., who is blind, was at the Greyhound bus terminal in downtown Denver trying to get home, but he was told the bus he wanted to board was full, and he not only had to get off, he had to leave the station entirely. A bus station security guard called 911, complaining White was "trespassing." The responding officer, Kyllion Chafin, found White on the phone — to 911, trying to get police help. White asked if he could touch Chafin's badge — a common way for the blind to confirm someone is an officer. Chafin refused, grabbed White, and slammed his head into the ticket counter, leaving him bloodied. White, then 77 years old, was handcuffed and held for eight hours, and never charged with any crime. Now, three years later, a federal jury has awarded him $400,000 in an excessive force case, but Chafin wasn't fired. "We reviewed the case," a department spokesman said. "We didn't find any violations of policy." [Denver Post] Dickens was right.
Priorities! A Berman's Bits Classic! The University of the District of Columbia, the only public university in the nation's capital, is struggling to survive. To save money, the university has eliminated 17 academic programs, including economics, history, physics, and sociology. But UDC interim president James E. Lyons Sr has been ordered by the Board of Trustees to keep the university's athletic program, which brought in $1.1 million in revenue last year — but cost the school $4.1 million to operate (sounds like it belongs in Washington). "It is critical to the life of a university that there be these types of opportunities," explained university trustee Jerome Shelton. "Please understand, this is almost a life-or-death question for me." [Washington Post]
People unclear on the concept: A Utah man accused of calling in a hospital bomb threat because he was upset he couldn't attend his child's birth is being charged in federal court. Michael Morlang faces up to 10 years if convicted, the U.S. Attorney's Office in Utah said in a news release. The threat recently led to an evacuation and lockdown at a hospital in Richfield, Utah. His wife and her father told investigators the day of the incident that Morlang made the bomb threat because he was angry about not being there for the birth, show court documents from state charges filed earlier this year. The woman's father also told investigators that Morlang was upset because he heard his wife was going to have a procedure to prevent having more pregnancies. A nurse told police she spoke with Morlang, and that he was "extremely upset that they were going forward with the birth" while he was still in Idaho. [AP] "Uh, I'm going to be late – can you hold that birth until I get there.
Police have given a New Jersey man special recognition for sandwich throwing: They locked him up. The Fairfax City Police Department in Virginia says in a news release that 32-year-old Jonathan M. Magnes of Morristown was drunk when he threw a sandwich at a 50-year-old man at a Fairfax pizza restaurant and then drove away. Authorities say the victim, who was not injured, tailed Magnes before officers arrived and pulled over the suspect. It's not clear what led to the dispute between the men. Magnes was charged with assault and battery, driving under the influence of alcohol and refusal of a blood and breath test. [sfgate.com]
Finally, who is guarding the guardians? 5-year-old enemy of freedom Levi Zilka and his father David were going home to Pennsylvania after Levi's first trip to Disney World. In a flagrant disregard of federal guidelines, young O-Levi bin Zilka attempted to compromise the safety of the flight by smuggling aboard a Buzz Lightyear ray gun that his uncle had bought him as a souvenir. But the TSA at Fort Lauderdale International Airport was too quick for this little criminal mastermind. TSA and Department of Homeland Security guidelines require all realistic replicas of firearms be checked, but the Zilkas only had carry-on luggage. Just like terrorists would. Judging the bright purple and green plastic toy to be a threat, the stalwart TSA wrestled the 'weapon' out of the villain's clutches and disposed of it. Since the Zilkas only had carry-on luggage, that meant chucking it into the nearest trash can, prompting the little Levi to burst into tears. It is worth noting that an undercover inspector general investigation conducted last year found that body-scanners and TSA agents missed banned items, including explosives, 95 percent of the time. But you know what didn't make it through TSA security check points? A single purple and green plastic ray gun. [Bizarre News]


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Home Mindaviews COMMENTARY: HANGING ON A LAST STRAW: An Open Appeal on behalf of...
COMMENTARY: HANGING ON A LAST STRAW: An Open Appeal on behalf of the Sama-Dilaut and other displaced residents of Zamboanga
Today is the second month since the Zamboanga Violence that started in September 9, 2013. I am writing on behalf of my friends and beloved community of Sama Dilaut and other Muslim residents of Barangays Rio Hondo and Mariki of Zamboanga City. Madam, Sir, I have no personality to approach you except for being a humble servant of Allah who is stricken by love of my people especially the displaced women and children who day by day have to languish in a subhuman situation that has virtually become their death-camps and tomb for the living. I am talking about the much congested evacuation centers of Joaquin Enriquez Grandstand and the Zamboanga Cawa-Cawa Boulevard of Zamboanga City. This is the 60th day in evacuation already, and to date, 29 have died inside the evacuation centers and 18 were infants and children. Even to claim their burial assistance of 1,000 pesos from CSWDO (City Social Welfare and Development Office) takes at least a whole day with an inch-thick paper to process. In this latest death of two male heads of family, I bumped into Mariki Barangay Chairwoman Hadja Ayang Muksan Mukarram, looking spent and exhausted. She was staring helplessly at the door of a government office that had closed just as when she arrived from a hike shuttling from one office to another, and all she could do was sadly sob, "Maba'lus in mayat" [the cadaver will become stiff and stale] before it can be given the honor of the last rite for Muslims.
We have brought our issues to the attention of the City Mayor and her Crisis Management Committee since three weeks ago. We have signed petitions on paper and online. We have sent out Communication to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. We have written press statements, news articles, drafted resolutions and checked and counterchecked affidavits. Bare and naked, without institutional cover or security insurance — we have fought against our own fears of threats or lurking dangers of 'government intelligence-at-the-loose' and shook aside every activist's perennial paranoia of assassins or summary executioners yet still keep pushing our friends and ourselves to face the cameras and grab the mics for TV and Radio interviews, local, national and international, whenever opportunity comes. Our broken English and Tagalog are of no consequence to us, nor do our broken voices, they could not be more hurting to us than the embarrassment of not having done the best we can for our Muslim brethren whose voice's only cry is La ilahah illa Allah [There is no god than Allah] and they are driven from their homes. And so we chorused with them to call for a "No to Relocation, Yes to Redevelopment" and "We Love Sambuwangan". Through the Darul Ifta Crisis Management Committee, the voices of the people of Barangay Rio Hondo and Mariki together with their local government leaders have joined with the rest of conflict-affected barangays calling for immediate return to their homes.
Almost everyday I am at meetings in hotels and in the Mayor's Office being invited if not by the Mayor herself, by some government line agencies and civil society advocacy groups who must think I can help them lessen their headache in understanding the quite paradoxical "Bajau" or Sama Dilaut, whom everyone suddenly find perplexing as they defy every possible statistical tools of demography or bio-engineering devices and plans designed with such scientific precision and sophisticated technology. In this crisis situation, it is amazing to see there is so much enthusiasm in systems and things complicated it seems, in their language, "garbage-in-garbage-out". And the passion is quite admirable. But our people are kept waiting on the 60th day already with a giant typhoon looming around. The thing is, our needs are simple, we only need to eat 'panggi' [cassava] and broiled fish, exquisite dishes do not fill us and all we want for Christmas is our two posts to pitch a tent or lean-to in our own lands. Anytime the government wants to, their bulldozers and backhoes could come in and we would dismantle our tents and move to the side and let them in.
But except for more paperwork that are thrown at us, the Mayor's Crisis Management Committee has done nothing substantive that has redounded to any concrete relief of the situation of the Internally Displaced People [IDPs] in evacuations. I have volunteered as part of the Technical Working Group member for the Crisis Management Committee of Darul Ifta' Region 9 and Palawan and since then has been psyching myself and trying my best to pull myself together and forget about my own personal trauma and depression over the sad situation. To be true to my pledge I have decided to indefinitely postpone my departure for Indonesia where I am enrolled and supposed to be finishing my graduate program. On my own resources, I have to continue attending every meeting and coffee-table gathering with only one purpose in mind: to see my friends safely returned back in their homes and that the community of Rio Hondo and Mariki would be back on its feet again.
The City Mayor could not give us a categorical answer of her plans. Are we to be returned to our lands, or are we to be relocated elsewhere? We hear ambivalent responses, sometimes conflicting pronouncements with what is actually happening on the ground. Newspaper reports say that "War Refugees" have "finally returned home" yet we are continually being barred from entering the premises of the charred remains of our homes by military guards and, for the two days we were allowed, we had to leave before 5:00PM. Newspaper reports say government's plan is to relocate the evacuees en masse to far-away Tulungatung [15 kilometers from the City center] and Taluksangay [12 kilometers away]. Some selection criteria have been drawn. It will be one without any distinction of barangay the evacuees belonged, nor regard for their ethnicity or religion. They will be using "politically-blind" selection criteria. Said national agency that developed this criteria complete with a software and computer program endorses the selective relocation process but has washed its hands off the issue of specificity of site relocation as something domestic, which is actually most crucial in this effort of early recovery process as it amounts to the very crucible for healing and confidence-building hence "recovering". And the UN Human Rights standards where this office draws its lifeblood affirms the rights of minorities and indigenous people to a "community" and the preservation of its culture, that governments must guarantee it by making sure that development projects must not contribute to the destruction or dissolution of such collectivity.
At any rate, "Relocation" or anything by any other name that means to uproot the people and transmigrate them somewhere outside of their homes has been a looming nightmarish scenario for many, nay, for everyone in the Grandstand and the Boulevard that like caged animals they are already rattling the bars and demanding their leaders to stop the forum-shopping in plush hotels and cease the coffee-drinking at the City Hall and attend to their pleas! And what is the Darul Iftah Crisis Management Committee or the local barangay leaders to do, if, astagfirullah [God forbid], those 100,000 strong would invoke their People's Power and exercise their initiatives? We – the civil voices of reason and dialoguing – will all be crushed down in the stampeding feet of distrust and impatience, nauzubillah!
Of course the IDP s are fully supportive of the City's plan to rebuild and make their communities orderly and systematized as against the former situation of Rio Hondo and Mariki being almost a squatters' colony. After all Rio Hondo and Mariki are their ancestral homes, and they wish to have the next generation to continue thriving in it. What they are being opposed to is to be relocated outside of their original places. Relocation by any euphemistic name does not only mean being thrown away far and remote from the workplaces, schools and markets where they eke a livelihood, but also mean dispersal of the families from their original communities and the dissolution of their local governance structures. Not only would the duly constituted barangay authorities be dysfunctional, but the local indigenous system of governance – a'dat and shari'a – would also be dissolved as the community would be de facto non-existent.
And yesterday was a straw getting less and less tenable for me. Just like the 100,000-strong, I hear silent cage-rattling and bar-shaking inside me, and I asked myself, would I still have the gut to swallow more arrozcaldo with a growing lump in the throat choking? How many more cups of scalding coffee to sip and pretend that tears welling in the eyes are from the brew, and not the storm inside?
Yesterday, we presented a 12-page proposal to the City Mayor and her team. [Please see the attached copy]. It is about asking for temporary resettlement for the 3,000-4,000 families whose houses were burned to be temporarily resettled at the 25-hectare fishpond that has been idle for 30 years now. In the middle of my presentation, the City Mayor prompted the President of the State Institution who owns the fishpond to interrupt. The academic leader's intervention was quite emotional and blunt, she whined: "Please do not take away our Fishpond from us. You are going to kill the fishes. And what happens to our experiments? The sea will become polluted and unfit for 'study'." At which part she prodded her scientist to explain how pollution correlates with salinity and Ph, but before the doctor could say a word, she again lamented, "And our poor students, they will have no Fishpond to study anymore." And so we did not hear how human feces could make the sea-water more salty and acidic, at least the scientific dissertation of it, so that we might also understand why and justify how the Grandstand and Cawa-Cawa boulevard have become unfit for human living, that is, scientifically-speaking.
Quite taken aback, it hit me that we were in for a staged play. Suddenly the lights dimmed and all I could see are characters of us four women in a charade: The Mayor, The Academic Lady, The Weeping Barangay Chairwoman and the Angry-bird Me. With due respect for her stature, I am not faulting the Academic Chief Executive who was almost in tears pleading. I would have done the same in defense of my younglings and territory. I won't mince words in saying though, that I couldn't muster more than my worry over her mascara blotched and running from the lacrimal flows. Well, I, too, was well-made up that day. I have taken care creaming my face with Kris Aquino's OLAY Total Effects. But I am quite sure my Seven Signs of Ageing were at their most murderous that cool rainy afternoon. And we were in this tableau, playing parts. And the lady was making us appear the villain, insinuating that we had the upper-hand of power to grab their land instead of the victims that we were begging for her mercy to let us 'squat' in her school property. The whole drama was making me feel queasy in my stomach and before my mind would bolt away thinking morbid thoughts, I had to ask the Mayor if I should continue presenting. And she smiled her sweet sorry smile and shrugged and said, "Just tell us of the salient points". I stared at the sheaf of papers that had suddenly gone blurred and from my trembling hands words and bullets jumped out one after another wanting to be chosen as 'salient'. But the salient point is that our people want to return to Rio Hondo and Mariki and be resettled there in-situ, albeit temporarily, whether it be at the Fishpond or anywhere near or within the original place. It is the local government who should remove all barriers to their eminent return since the Rio Hondo and Mariki is a Muslim settlement covered by Presidential Proclamations. Only its legal administrator, the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos [NCMF] could have the prerogative to keep us away for a long time from it.
Ma'am, Sir, I am obviously taking you on the long route in explaining my mission because I want you to see how torturous the process we are undergoing in a dialogue with the authorities and the private vested interest groups. We are exhausting every civil means and peaceful ways possible to claiming what is humanly just for the people. But my only purpose in writing to you now is to respectfully ask and beg for your mercy to allow the displaced people of Rio Hondo and Mariki to temporarily build their resettlement at your lot which is adjacent to their original lands, for a lease, sale, or, alhamdulillah, if you could lend it for free. A barely one-hectare property is not enough to accommodate all the 4,000 families as the National Housing Authority-designed bunkhouses would only be enough for I think less than 10 units to an hectare, that means barely accommodating 1,000 families. But that, together with the school ground of Rio Hondo Elementary School and Mariki Elementary School would I pray inshaallah be able to accommodate at least half of the number of IDPs, about 1,500 families, and that would surely bring a big relief to the aggrieved families now in diaspora.
Madam, Sir, the occupation of the lot will only be for six months to a maximum of one year. And only on the duration while the reconstruction of the Rio Hondo and Mariki communities are in progress and for the City government to complete its dream of Modeled Development that it wants to rebuild the new Rio Hondo and Mariki to be. The City Engineer yesterday said that the rebuilding will take only from six to 12 months, inshaallah.
I am hoping against all hopes possible that you would consider my plea and please allow me to thank you and express my gratefulness that you have reached this far into reading this letter. May Allah subhanahu wataala continue to shower His blessings to you and your ahli.
MUCHA SHIM LAHAMAN QUILING
Lumah Ma Dilaut Support for Sama Dilaut IDPs
Mariki Elementary School, Barangay Mariki
Email: lumah_dilaut@yahoo.com
sama dialut
zamboanga city standoff


The last thing teachers want to do during the summer is plan for next year.
Yet if you're like me, stuck in a massive heat wave with no motivation to brave the rain forest-like conditions, then maybe some planning in the AC could help—especially when you have a resource like today's selection.
I just got back from a conference at UCLA on the American Revolution. Yes, I've heard all the stories: what does California have to do with the American Revolution? Well, between UCLA and the Huntington Library, there is a massive concentration of primary source material on the subject.
Secondly, the main lecturer of the conference helped tie all that material together. UCLA's Gary Nash is a true master of the subject, particularly in areas that get little attention. Professor Nash teaches history at UCLA and is the director of the National Center for History in the Schools, an organization devoted to making meaningful connections between classroom teachers and university academics. Witty, soft-spoken, and incredibly approachable, Nash makes a wonderful guide through an increasing thorny subject—the "other" stories of the American Revolution that often get buried in textbooks.
Nash's 2005 work The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democracy and the Struggle to Create America serves as a worthy guidebook through this material. In it, he details many of the conflicts, struggles, debates and battles that have received little attention, making the Revolution a far more complex subject—and far more real experience—than is often depicted.
According to Professor Nash, the American Revolution is not simply a war of independence between the colonies and Great Britain, but a large, unwieldy, often conflicting web of movements and struggles that affect our national character even today.
As the battles raged, radicals, conservatives and moderates were jostling to create a new nation and offer voices to new groups of people: immigrants, women, blacks, poor whites, etc. State constitutions were the first real experiments in representative democracy, scoring victories and defeats in the advancement of freedom and suffrage. Shortages would see a struggle for economic power as bread riots would rage in northern cities.
The Revolution also set the stage for what Nash argues is the largest black rebellion in American history, as thousands of enslaved Africans made a flight for freedom—mostly heading for the British lines. The need to control the black population also caused a drain on recruitment in the south, as white landowners worked to keep control of their property.
It would also be a turning point in the Native American struggle to maintain independence and sovereignty in the face of encroaching white development, creating unforeseen tensions, alliances and rivalries. The Haudenosaunee, or Iroquois Confederacy, would split up forever over the Revolution, and tribes in the Ohio valley and the southeast would fight as independent actors in a stage largely seen as two-sided.
Finally, the Revolution really began the era of westward expansion, as the population explosion of the 18th century would force settlers farther into the American hinterland. Conflicts arise, with native populations, eastern colonial elites, and the British military.
History is about telling the whole story, and according to Olmstead, half the story is usually hidden by those at the top of society. Their narrative, the one that has prevailed so many centuries, has filled our textbooks and the addled minds of so many schoolchildren—children like mine, who look nothing like the Founding Fathers.
So how can The Unknown American Revolution be used in the classroom?
Obviously, this work is much too complicated for most students, even high schoolers. We've covered popular histories of the Revolution before here in the Neighborhood, and Thomas Fleming's work Everybody's Revolution is still a great book for elementary and middle-school children in covering much of Nash's premise. Fleming's book is best for any classroom assignments.
Where Nash's book really excels is both as a resource for high school students in research and as a reference for student questions. High schoolers, who so often cut corners in research papers, can use Nash's book as a valuable tool in rounding out any topic about the Revolution, giving a nuance scarcely found in the shelves of typical high school libraries.
For younger students, The Unknown American Revolution provides some explanation to questions many children have about the time period. In the South Bronx, few children can feel a tangible connection to the Revolution. In looking at women, the poor, Africans—people that they can relate to—my students can see the Revolution as an event that affected everyone, and that mattered to everyone.
Finally, I'll end with a warning Professor Nash gave all of us at the beginning of our week together. He told us that the most dangerous word in history is "inevitable." In our textbooks, we often think that the events that happen were inevitable and could not be stopped. In doing so, the actions of human beings are conveniently marginalized.
I always tell my students that history is the story of how humans solve problems, and the consequences of these solutions. People, all sorts of people, have an active role in not only creating problems, but also in finding meaningful solutions. The guys on the money were not perfect; and it's important that kids understand that sooner rather than later.
It is up to us as teachers to take the premises presented by professors like Gary Nash and make them real and meaningful to our children.


Is the Fable of Unfettered Fat Burning Derailing Your Low Carb Diet?
1) Insulin traps fat inside fat cells by down-regulating the action of Hormone-Sensitive Lipase (HSL), an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of triglycerides (the storage form of fat) into fatty acids. Whereas triglycerides cannot leave fat cells because they are too large, the smaller fatty acids can. They escape into the circulation and are now available to be "burned" to supply energy to other cells in the body. Because high blood sugar caused by carbohydrate intake elevates insulin, HSL will be switched off after a carb-rich meal, triglycerides will not be broken down into fatty acids, and fat will remain trapped in the fat cells. The opposite occurs during low insulin states such as fasting and low carb dieting: HSL action will not be inhibited, triglycerides will be broken down, and the resulting fatty acids will be free to leave the fat cells to be burned for energy.
2) Elevated insulin and blood sugar from carbohydrate ingestion are necessary for fat cells to make the molecule glycerol 3-phosphate. Glycerol 3-phosphate is an essential component of triglyceride synthesis. If fat cells cannot synthesize triglycerides, they cannot store fat. A more detailed explanation of this argument can be found here.
3) Carbohydrate intake causes a considerable increase in insulin that is not counteracted by a concurrent increase in glucagon, a pancreatic hormone that stimulates fat cells to release fat. Compared to carb intake, protein intake causes a much smaller increase in insulin as well as an increase in glucagon; this means that eating protein assists in burning body fat.
4) Untreated Type 1 diabetics, who produce essentially no insulin, cannot keep fat in their fat cells and consequently become emaciated. This phenomenon proves that insulin is the primary promoter of body fat storage and cannot be supplanted by any other physiological factor.
No doubt, the scientific arguments are very compelling, but are they accurate? Personal accounts abound on the internet of people stating that their low carb diets are yielding less than stellar results. Stalling after an initial loss of body fat, failing to lose much fat at all, or even gaining fat from the start have all been reported. If the low carb science is absolutely correct and if the diet is being followed properly, these experiences should be virtually impossible. So, that raises the question: are the low carb failures lying or are the low carb proponents wrong? Let's take a more in-depth look at body fat metabolism and in particular the four points mentioned above, and then you can decide for yourself.
Point #1: Carbohydrate Consumption leads to Elevated Insulin leads to HSL Suppression leads to Trapped Fat.
Very true – elevated insulin, via carbohydrate intake, does indeed trap fat inside fat cells by suppressing the action of HSL. But that's not the only mechanism the body has for entrapping fat. Take, for example, two studies done in the late 1990's that showed that ingestion of a low carb/high fat meal or infusion of a pure fat load directly into the bloodstream resulted in almost no fat being released from fat cells (1, 2). The researchers, surprised by their results, stated "Intracellular lipolysis (the breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids within fat cells) …was suppressed almost completely with both oral and intravenous fat load. Insulin is a major regulator of HSL activity, yet this showed only a slight increase after the oral lipid load and a gradual decrease during and after the intravenous load. It seems that suppression of HSL activity can occur without insulin." The researchers also stated that their results "may reflect a novel mechanism for the regulation of fat storage." A major contributor to this mechanism is certainly Acylation Stimulating Protein (ASP). ASP is a hormone made by fat cells primarily in response to consuming fat, and it does quite a nice job of trapping fat in fat cells without the aid of insulin (3).
Point #2: Glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) synthesis is dependent upon carbohydrate intake, high insulin, and elevated blood sugar (glucose).
No, it isn't. During prolonged fasting in humans, up to 40% of the fatty acids released from fat cells are taken up again and converted back into triglycerides in fat tissue (4). Triglyceride synthesis requires G3P. During fasting, fat cells cannot use glucose to produce G3P since glycolysis (the breaking down of glucose) is minimal in this state. Another source of G3P must be available. This is where a biological pathway called glyceroneogenesis comes into play. Glyceroneogenesis utilizes non-glucose substrates such as amino acids and lactate to synthesize G3P. The key glyceroneogenic enzyme, PEPCK-C, is up-regulated during fasting when both insulin and glucose are low (5). Because low insulin and low glucose are also consequences of low carb dieting, it's not much of a jump to suggest that PEPCK-C will be up-regulated then as well. This can drive the production of G3P from amino acids supplied by dietary protein which in turn can allow the production of triglycerides from fatty acids supplied by dietary fat.
A few low carb proponents have acknowledged the existence of glyceroneogenesis, but state that it occurs at a rate not even worth mentioning. Apparently, they took what is known regarding the rate of glyceroneogenesis during the "normal" condition of mixed dietary intake and assumed that glyceroneogenesis is merely a minor metabolic pathway that doesn't do much of anything under any condition, never considering that low carb dieting can (and does) change the equation.
#3: Protein Consumption leads to Elevated Glucagon leads to Fat Burning.
When I was in college some 20 years ago, my biochemistry text listed the hormone glucagon as one of a number of hormones having a major stimulatory effect on lipolysis. Perusing a more recent textbook however will reveal that glucagon has been dethroned. Glucagon's association with lipolysis was just that – an association. Think about what occurs during fasting: insulin is low, glucagon is high, and a lot of fat is being liberated from fat cells and burned for energy. But that doesn't necessarily mean that glucagon is causing the lipolysis; it may just be going along for the ride. In other words, correlation does not equal causation. When tested directly, it was found that glucagon in fact does not stimulate lipolysis in fat tissue (6, 7). Glucagon's primary function is to maintain blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to either release its stored glucose or to make glucose from substrates such as amino acids or glycerol. Why would protein consumption cause a rise in glucagon when carbohydrate and fat consumption do not? Dietary protein stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, sometimes to an even greater extent than carbohydrate (8). Because insulin decreases blood sugar, glucagon must be released at the same time to prevent blood sugar from getting too low.
All this being said, it's important to point out that eating protein can aid in fat loss and beneficial body composition changes in several ways unrelated to glucagon. Of the three macronutrients, protein has the highest thermogenic (calorie-expending) effect. And as I'm sure you know, not eating enough protein can have deleterious effects on muscle mass.
Point #4: Insulin is the primary regulator of body fat storage as evidenced by untreated type 1 diabetics.
Individuals who produce no insulin and do not receive it exogenously have an extremely difficult time storing body fat regardless of what or how much they eat. This is an undisputed fact. As mentioned earlier, ASP is a hormone that stimulates triglyceride synthesis and effectively traps fat in fat cells in an insulin-independent manner. If type 1 diabetics produce ASP in response to fat ingestion (and there's no reason to think that they don't), why can't they store dietary fat after a mixed meal in spite of their lack of insulin? The answer can be found by looking at insulin's effects on carbohydrate metabolism and the liver, not its direct effects on triglyceride synthesis and fat tissue. Insulin prompts the liver to synthesize glycogen from blood glucose and store it. The liver's ability to store glycogen is critical because the body needs to have a readily available source of glucose to remedy any potential hypoglycemic episode: when blood sugar gets too low, glucagon causes the conversion of liver glycogen to glucose which is then released into the circulation. In the state of total insulin depletion however, the liver cannot store glycogen although it's physiologically compelled to do so. In a futile attempt to fill the liver's glycogen stores, muscle and fat tissue are catabolized to provide amino acids (from muscle protein) and glycerol (from fat cell triglyceride stores) as substrates for glycogen synthesis. The body is going to the extreme measure of wasting its muscle and fat tissue because maintaining stable blood glucose is exceedingly important to the brain's functioning – and a liver with a well-maintained glycogen store is the body's best defense against a hypoglycemic crisis. This demonstrates that total insulin deficiency causes extreme metabolic derangement. The wasting of muscle tissue and body fat to make glycogen in a desperate attempt to ward off low blood sugar during a time when blood sugar is abundant may not make sense, but the body is doing what it thinks is best – it's just that the lack of insulin prevents it from having all the information it needs to make an informed decision, so to speak.
Like the liver, skeletal muscle requires the presence of insulin to store glycogen (10). Muscle glycogen is important because it supplies the muscles with the energy they need to perform anaerobically (lifting something heavy, sprinting away from an attacker, etc). If, after glycogen-depleting exercise, an individual fails to eat, his muscles will use amino acids from stored body protein as substrates for glycogen resynthesis (11). In other words, the muscles will consume some part of themselves until they are satisfactorily filled with glycogen. Now let's take this a step farther and consider what would happen to skeletal muscle under the condition of total insulin depletion: the muscles would have a very difficult time storing glycogen because the breaking down of glycogen (glycogenolysis) is essentially unrestrained. Because the glycogen stores are not filling up, muscle protein will continue to be catabolized to provide amino acids. Triglycerides in fat cells will also be catabolized to provide glycerol for glycogen synthesis. So, just as the liver will seek out any and all substrates to fill its glycogen stores when insulin is absent, skeletal muscles will do the same.
So, it appears that for untreated type 1 diabetics, insulin is indeed the primary regulator of body fat storage. ASP can synthesize and store fat as much as it's able; under the condition of complete insulin deficiency, the body will just steal it away from fat cells to get the precious glycerol it contains. But how does all this relate to insulin-producing people? Insulin, even in low amounts, allows the liver and muscles to store glycogen albeit in smaller amounts than when insulin is high. This moderate amount of glycogen is enough to prevent the massive fat (and muscle) tissue catabolism seen in type 1 diabetes. It also explains why ASP, without any insulin present, can cause fat cells in test tubes to make and store triglycerides, but why it can't do the same in the human body: test tubes do not have livers and skeletal muscles desperately seeking large amounts of glycerol, but a human body lacking insulin does. The ability to produce insulin takes these glycerol-hungry tissues out of the equation, making both insulin and ASP potentially equally powerful promoters of body fat storage. The extent to which insulin or ASP promotes body fat storage in an individual is largely genetically determined.
There are few things more frustrating than following a diet philosophy to a T yet failing to achieve the body fat reduction promised by the diet's promoters. If you experienced disappointing results while on a low carb diet, it's not because you are a physiological freak, it's because the mantra "carbohydrate drives insulin drives fat storage" is entirely too simplistic. The human body has the means to synthesize and store body fat when insulin is low. And if you follow a low carb diet yet fail to create a calorie deficit (9) that's exactly what it will do. For some individuals, low carb dieting offers an effortless method for achieving a calorie deficit mainly by appetite suppression. Others, however, must consciously restrict the number of calories they consume. The great thing about reduced carbohydrate diets (when compared to high carbohydrate diets) is that even while consciously limiting calories, people rarely get ravenously hungry. Periods of mild hunger are tolerable and in the grand scheme of things can be considered a part of the natural human condition (surely our Paleolithic ancestors experienced a growling stomach periodically). Although the notion of intentional calorie restriction is anathema to some low carb diet proponents because they firmly believe in the unfettered fat burning capability of a low insulin state, the physiology presented above clearly shows why some people have to consciously restrict the amount of food they eat. We are fortunate to live in a society where food is abundant and easy to obtain. Some of us have more of a "drive to eat" than others. Because our modern way of life doesn't force us to limit calories, we sometimes have to do it ourselves.
1) - Effects of an oral and intravenous fat load on adipose tissue and forearm lipid metabolism.
Evans K, Clark ML, Frayn KN.
Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 1):E241-8.
2) - Peripheral fat metabolism during infusion of an exogenous triacylglycerol emulsion.
Samra JS, Giles SL, Summers LK, Evans RD, Arner P, Humphreys SM, Clark ML, Frayn KN.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Aug;22(8):806-12.
3) - Mechanisms involved in the regulation of free fatty acid release from isolated human fat cells by acylation-stimulating protein and insulin.
Van Harmelen V, Reynisdottir S, Cianflone K, Degerman E, Hoffstedt J, Nilsell K, Sniderman A, Arner P.
J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 25;274(26):18243-51.
4) - Glyceroneogenesis and the triglyceride/fatty acid cycle.
Reshef L, Olswang Y, Cassuto H, Blum B, Croniger CM, Kalhan SC, Tilghman SM, Hanson RW.
J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 15;278(33):30413-6.
5) - Fatty acid recycling in adipocytes: a role for glyceroneogenesis and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
Forest C, Tordjman J, Glorian M, Duplus E, Chauvet G, Quette J, Beale EG, Antoine B.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2003 Dec;31(Pt 6):1125-9.
6) - Action of glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide on lipolysis in human subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in vivo.
Bertin E, Arner P, Bolinder J, Hagström-Toft E.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Mar;86(3):1229-34.
7) - Physiological levels of glucagon do not influence lipolysis in abdominal adipose tissue as assessed by microdialysis.
Gravholt CH, Møller N, Jensen MD, Christiansen JS, Schmitz O.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 May;86(5):2085-9.
8) - An insulin index of foods: the insulin demand generated by 1000-kJ portions of common foods.
Holt SH, Miller JC, Petocz P.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Nov;66(5):1264-76.
If you are one of those people who doesn't believe that it's necessary to create a caloric deficit in order to lose weight, this article will set you straight.
10) - Skeletal muscle glycogenolysis is more sensitive to insulin than is glucose transport/phosphorylation. Relation to the insulin-mediated inhibition of hepatic glucose production. Rossetti L, Hu M.


the mass in the Gathering Space of the church.
Will Tjeng Hoey Tian, MD, 88, of Greenville, passed away on Saturday, August 11, 2018.
He was born in Jakarta, Indonesia on August 4, 1930 to his father, TianTek Sian and his mother, Lim Kway Nio. He married Florence Louise (Nemeth) on September 22, 1962.
He attended the University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands where he earned his medical degree in 1955. He became a United States citizen in 1968.
He completed his residency training in urology at Allegheny General Hospital in Pittsburgh and received additional residency training in urology at Queen Mary Veteran Hospital and Jewish General Hospital in Montreal, Canada, in thoracic surgery at Laval Hospital, Quebec, Canada and in general surgery at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh.
He held certifications with the American Board of Urology, American College of Surgeons and Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates.
He was a Board Certified Urologist on staff at the Greenville Medical Center and Greenville Hospital from 1966 to 2000 where he served on the Medical Executive Committee and chairman of the Department of Surgery.
He was an avid reader who enjoyed the game of golf, tending to his gardens, a love of food, and action/adventure movies. He had a wonderful sense of humor and shared his wisdom of hard work, gratitude and the value of listening to others with many. He will be forever remembered for his kind, gentle way and his immense love of family.
Will is survived by his wife, Florence; his son William Tian; his daughter, Deborah Verrier and her husband Carlos and grandchildren, Isabel Tian Verrier, and Lucas Tian Verrier; his daughter Melissa Tian; his brothers Jan Tian, Theo Tian and Okkie Tian.
He was preceded in death by his sisters, Sien Tian and Jet Tian.
In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to St. Michael Roman Catholic Church, 85 N. High St., Greenville, PA 16125.
So sorry for your loss to the entire Tian family.
So sorry for your loss. He was such a kind man.
Oh, Will, you will be missed! Dr. Tian was an important part of my life from my earliest to my most recent memories. I don't have the words to express my sympathies to all of you. He was a great man!!
I am so sorry for your loss and am deeply saddened to hear of Dr. Tian"s passing. Please know you are all in my thoughts and prayers.
My dearest condolences for your loss.
What a sweet man he was. I had the pleasure of knowing him from working at the hospital. Always spoke and had a great sense of humor. He will be sadly missed. May the family find comfort and peace.
My heartfelt condolences to the Tian family. I'm sorry I will be out of town and won't be able to pay my respects in person. All my best in your time of loss.
I am sorry for your loss. My thoughts and prayers for the Tian family.
Irene Soetanto, Marvianti Mardjoeki and Marsandi Mardjoeki.
deepest condolence from Jakarta, Indonesia to tante Flo, Billy, Debby and Missy. He is my model uncle. Our thoughts and prayers for the family .
Deepest condolences to the passing of my brother, Will Tian from Theo Tian & family (Jakarta, Indonesia). Wishing you peace to bring comfort and the courage to face the days ahead and loving memories to forever hold in your hearts.
Our deepest condolences for the passing of our dearest loving uncle Will Tian. He was very nice, kind, and gentle uncle and he will surely be missed. Our thoughts and prayers to aunty Flo, Billy, Debbie, Mellisa, and all extended Tian's families. May you all find comfort and peace in God during this grieving moments.
Deepest sympathies and fondest of memories of the whole family over the years.
Dear Aunty Flo, Billy Joe, Debbie and Melissa and the family..
My Condolences to the Tian family.
Dr. Tian was our daughters Dr. When she was about 5, maybe alittle younger, but anyways, we were having no luck with her urinary problems, then we were referred to Dr. Tian, God sent us an Angel. After many visits, he had to go to a Seminar out of State. He called us after midnight, one night to tell us he found a new technique, he was so thrilled, as were we. She was border line Kidney Disease. Through his wonderful knowledge and being a true caring Dr. our daughter had and still has no more trouble. I have thought of him often over the years. Especially when grandkids get bladder infections. He always made me smile.
May you find comfort in knowing he is now in God's domain. Blessings and remembering him will bring you peace.


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