The requirements to use Smart List are quite simple: to have Adobe Dreamweaver MX 2004 or higher (including Dreamweaver CS4, CS5, CS6, CC ...).
To install Smart List, just like any extension for Adobe Dreamweaver, you need to use Adobe Extension Manager, which is distributed along with Dreamweaver. Run "Install" in Adobe Extension Manager and enter the path to the downloaded .mxp file.
To insert Smart List into a web site, simply load the desired web page in Adobe Dreamweaver, place your cursor at the location where you want to insert Smart List and then click on "Insert Smart List", either using the insertion bar or the menu. Smart List displays a setup window described below.
Options count: Allows you to enter an integer that defines the number of options that the list will contain.
List width: Sets the desired width of the list in pixels.
List height: Sets the desired height of the list in pixels.
After completing setup and inserting the list in the website, a simple list will be displayed with the number of entries that you defined. Now you just need to enter the desired text in the option fields and the links to which each one of them points.
When you're done, don't forget to update the website files and the folder structure generated by the extension, on your web server.


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Die-cast Toys
Among the British toy makers who exploited the new technology of die-casting in the early 20th century were Dinky in the 1930s and then later they were followed by companies like Corgi, Matchbox and Britains.
Although now familiar to generations of children, the industrial process of die-casting only came into being towards the end of the First World War. Forcing a molten alloy into a mould under pressure allowed for precise surface detail and strength. In terms of the toy makers, among the first to exploit the new technology were the Dowst brothers of Chicago with the 1920s Tootsietoys range.
Dinky toys began life in 1934 as a Meccano spin-off owned by Hornby. The first range, designed to add trackside realism to train sets comprised a tank, a tractor, a sports coupe, a motor truck, a delivery van and an open sports car, and immediately captured the public imagination.
By the 1950s they shared the international market with a host of other factories, notably Matchbox (launched by Lesney in 1952), Corgi (by Mettoy company in 1956) and Spot-On from Tri-ang whose vehicles kept accurately to a 1:42 scale. Other frequently encountered names from the 50s and 60s include Britains, Tekno, CIJ (Compagnie Industrielle du Jouet), Benbros, Budgie, Crescent, Solido, Morestone, Mercury, Taylor & Barrett and Hot Wheels.
What Do People Collect?
By the time the firm finally closed in 1979, Dinky had produced more than 1000 models and numerous colour variations. The production at Matchbox was larger still. Enthusiasts know that a lifetime of collecting would never satisfy the desire to own them all.
Indeed the range is so massive that collectors tend to narrow the field and collect either by factory, by period, by vehicle type, by category - or a combination of these. Nostalgia has a big part to play. Frequently collectors will simply seek out the toys they loved as a child and this explains the popularity of the iconic Corgi TV generation toys or the range of trucks produced post-1947 as the Dinky Supertoys range.
Serious die-cast obsessives will also pay great attention to the small casting details, wheel variations and colour schemes that distinguish a rarity from the standard model. This point is graphically illustrated in the sometimes arcane market for the Matchbox Models of Yesteryear. These replicas of vintage and classic cars introduced by Lesney in 1956 were occasionally produced in multiple colour variations: there are, for example, more than 40 different versions of the Duesenberg Model J Town Car that can range in price from £5 to £5000. Price guides and catalogues are essential for identification.
Pre-production models or those specifically produced for export overseas also provide rarities. With regard to Dinkys, these include issues from the French Dinky factory operating in Bobigny from 1954 until 1972, others produced in Spain through the 1970s until the early 1980s and a series of rare models produced under license in South Africa to avoid local taxes. Additional models were produced in Hong Kong and in India using old dies. It was a previously unrecorded van made for the Spanish or South American company Omnisport, c.1954, that sold for £6400 at Wallis & Wallis in Lewes, East Sussex in June 2009.
It is more typical for collectors to be obsessive regarding condition. That so much survives from the golden age of die-cast toys is a tribute to the engineering and strength of these tiny models (the French firm Solido once boasted that its toys were strong enough to double as roller skates) but it has placed a huge financial premium on those few toys that were never played with.
A whole collecting vocabulary has grown up around the pursuit of perfection - the word 'mint' indicates an item with no wear or defects, while 'mint and boxed' refers to a toy without imperfections and in its original packaging (from 1954 most Dinky toys were sold in individual boxes).
A little further down the scale are 'near mint', 'excellent' and 'very good', while the battered example that saw childhood action is described as 'playworn'.
The terminology is key as only the scarcest models have any significant value when in poor condition. Typically, paint chips, damage, and restoration will have a huge impact on price and a shabby or repainted example will fetch a fraction of another in pristine condition. In recent years, fuelled by the belief that near-mint condition vehicles with original boxes have the best investment potential, packaging has become more and more important. An original box can be worth as much as the toy itself - more in the case of the Corgi TV related toys when the colours and condition of the box and the presence of instructions, plastic missiles etc, separate the exceptional from the ordinary.
There are condition issues peculiar to certain models. Some of the earliest Dinkys are susceptible to metal fatigue - a result of contamination in the alloy that originally contained lead - while decay to the 'bubble' packaging of some relatively recent Corgi productions from the 1970s has raised questions about their long term survival.
There is a definite hierarchy in die-cast collecting. There are rarities in every field but it is generally the case that the smaller the factory, the smaller the buying audience. Accordingly, it is Dinky, Corgi and Matchbox toys (in that order) which dominate the collecting landscape.
In the 1970s Dinky may have lost market share to the realism of Corgi or the fun of Hot Wheels, but they have few competitors in the marketplace today. Dinky toys were very simple (it was only in response to competition that they introduced windows, opening doors, detailed engines, steering, etc) but they had a real charm. The Dinky market started out with collectors from Britain and Commonwealth countries, but interest is now truly international with strong buyers in America, Japan and Europe.
That said, it is important to remember that the majority of even boxed Dinkys can still be bought for under £200 and most surviving playworn toys are priced between £5 and £50 each. If anything, today's buyers, who are exposed to the huge scale of the global market via the internet where so much toy dealing takes place, are more rather than less choosy about condition.
Accordingly, while a swathe of new investors has entered the market in recent years, demand continues to wax and wane across the many niche collecting fields. Upwardly mobile collectors in their 50s and 60s have pushed prices higher for the vehicles they remember from childhood, particularly the Dinky trucks and advertising vans from this period such as the maroon 'first series' Foden chain lorry bid to a record £10,200 at Vectis of Stockton-on-Tees in 2003.
Prices have undoubtedly softened for some of the earlier toys that no longer connect so directly with the collecting audience. Nevertheless, the holy grail of Dinky collecting remains the pre-War delivery vans advertising commercial brand names. Surviving 'first type' vehicles are rare in any state, but condition, as always, is key.
This was reinforced in March 2008 when Vectis sold one of only two known boxed sets of six Type 1 vans bearing nationally recognised trade names for £30,000, and a one-of-a-kind van bearing the name W.E. Boyce, a cycle shop on the Archway Road in Highgate in the 1930s, for a record £17,000.
Prices for pre-War Dinkys had not been close to this level since 1994 when Christie's sold a 1937 Bentall's delivery van for £11,000.
The New Great Book of Corgi 1956-2010 by Marcel R.Van Cleemput. ISBN-10: 1904562108
Dinky Toys (Shire Album) by David Cooke. ISBN-10: 0747804273
Diecast Toy Cars of the 1950s and 1960s: The Collector's Guide by Andrew Ralston. ISBN-10: 1845841808
Dinky Toys Collectors Association
The matchless Matchbox toys
Giants among dinkys as rare Type 1 vans sell to UK collector
The nostalgia-powered 21st century production line
Hotwheels stand on the podium for Pippa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Ross' road to recovery
Nathan Ross is on the road to recovery after suffering a back injury in the nib Newcastle Knights' round 22 clash against the New Zealand Warriors.
Ross sustained a fracture of the L1 transverse process but his rehabilitation has commenced in a bid to get back for the Knights' last game of the season.
"I am getting there," Ross smiled on Monday.
"I am working really hard with the medical staff to try and get back before the season is out and we're doing everything possible.
"I think we're a little bit ahead of time but I won't more until I get a gauge of actually running on the field.
"It has been the most painful injury I've had… it's a sharp pain and changing levels is pretty hard but we're going to get to a stage where I can play again this year."
The 28-year-old admits it's difficult watching from the sidelines but is proud of their three-game winning streak.
"It is tough but it is extremely good to sit there and watch them do well," commented Ross.
"I have referred to football teams as being big machines in the past and the reason why the Melbourne Storm and the like are so successful, is because they're all cogs working in one direction.
"When one cog gets broken, another one just slips right into place and the machine keeps on moving and I think on the weekend we showed that.
"I went down injured and Dane Gagai went to fullback and he was amazing with three try assists, Ken Sio shifted from the right to the left and scored two tries while Joe Wardle went from back row to the centres.
"Everything just moved along and I think that's massive credit to the boys and a massive credit to our coaching staff to get us into a position now where we're able to do these things."
Unfortunately for Ross, he'll be again watching from the stands when they take on the Melbourne Storm but has faith his teammates are ready to take on the ladder leaders.
"The Storm are going to be a test and they're going to be a step up," explained Ross.
"In terms of the last three weeks, I don't think anyone has given us a chance but there's always been a belief in this squad and it's just about the young guys getting that experience and getting to the level of where we need to be at to compete week in and week out.
"An upset win over the Storm at home….. why not, I believe we can do it."
And where better to do it, than in front of a home crowd, back at McDonald Jones Stadium this Saturday.
"It is going to be an advantage," said the Knights fullback.
"We can't take Melbourne lightly because they're at another level in terms of speed of the game and physicality but it's going to be a step up for us and I'm sure the boys will rip in."
For Ross, he is on track to return in Round 26, when the Knights host the Cronulla Sharks on Old Boys Day.
"It's in our medical staff's hands but I'll be putting my hand up for selection as soon as they let me," Ross admitted.
"It means something for me to play for this Club, I have played all my games here and the fans feel like a family, the Club feels like a family and to be out there with the boys is no better feeling.
"Round 26 will be against Cronulla who are a top side and you don't want to miss those games against top teams, it really tests and challenges you as a player."
The Knights clash with the Storm this Saturday at McDonald Jones Stadium. All three grades are in action with NYC at 10.45am before ISP at 12.40pm and NRL at 3pm.


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Who's Who in the TFU:
Byt til dansk
Quintessons
Ramhorn
Ramjet
Razorclaw
Rodimus Prime
Runamuck
WWTFU character profiles
NTFA Store
PS2 game info
Toy Tech Specs
Japanese Transformers
Who's Who in the Transformers Universe
FUNCTION: INTERROGATION
FIRST APPEARANCE: TRANSFORMERS # 1
"The only point I like in Autobots: melting point."
Profile: Laserbeak takes a sadistic pleasure in hunting his prey. He prefers to play with them and slowly cripple them before moving in for the kill. On Cybertron, his appearance on the battlefront would usually mean the battle was over and the Decepticons had won. Then it would be his turn to pick off the straggling survivors. However, given a situation where the odds are against him, he is clearly not very brave. He'll run for safety. And he makes no attempt to hide this fear. If Decepticon Leader Megatron didn't have a special appreciation for Laserbeak's lethal style, he might have gotten rid of Laserbeak a long time ago.
Abilities: In robot mode, Laserbeak can fly at speeds of up to 250 mph with a range of 1500 miles. He has two independently targetable laser cannons that can fly on their own. Laserbeak emits a laser beam that is able to pierce a 2-inch thick plate steel at a distance of 30 miles. Laserbeak uses these beams like a surgeon uses his scalpels - with extreme precision. He employs this talent to persuade captives to reveal secret information - before he disposes of them.
Weaknesses: The Autobots are well aware of Laserbeak's lack of bravery and take advantage of that flaw to thwart his machinations whenever they can. Also, Laserbeak has a serious dependency on ruby crystals, which empower his lasers. When his supply runs out, he's been known to become so terrified of his vulnerability that his systems completely shut down and he becomes immobile.
Profile published in: TRANSFORMERS UNIVERSE # 2
Disclaimer: This website is not created or run by either Hasbro, Kenner, Takara, Marvel Comics, Dreamwave Productions, Devil's Due Publishing, Titan Books, DK Publishing, IDW Publishing, Atari, Melbourne House, DreamWorks SKG, Paramount Pictures, or any other company whose characters or products are mentioned on the website. It is in no way intended to infringe on the copyrights and trademarks of these companies; it has been created for informational and entertainment purposes only.
Webmaster: Lars Eriksson, groundsplitter@ntfa.net


This is a complete PET bottle filling line, delivered by Krones in year 2003 and used for beer filling in 1.0 and 1.5 liter PET bottles. The nominal line capacity is 18 000 bph with 1.5 liter bottles. Complete line with Siemes S7 control PLCs. The line is still in operation and in good condition. Equipment can be tested for serious customers.
- 40.1 gram preform for 1.5 liter PET, capacity 18 000 bph.
- total operating hours approx. 10800, capacity max 24200 bph.
9. Full bottle level inspector BBull.
12. Labeling Machine Krones Starmatic with 20 turtles, mechanical plate turning, neck labeling with paper label, cold clue.
19. Palletizer Kettner Pressant Universal 1N, year 1999 with roller conveyors, pallet magazine and carton layer inserting robot.
21. Control and MCC cabinets, all equipment with Siemes S7 series PLCs.


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#ifndef THORIUM_ACTOR_HELPER_H
#define THORIUM_ACTOR_HELPER_H

#include <engine/thorium/script.h>

#include <stdint.h>

#define SEND_HELPERS_ACTION_BASE -5000
#define ACTION_SET_PRODUCERS_FOR_WORK_STEALING (SEND_HELPERS_ACTION_BASE + 0)
#define ACTION_SET_PRODUCERS_FOR_WORK_STEALING_REPLY (SEND_HELPERS_ACTION_BASE + 1)

/*
 * Actor helpers are function that work on a thorium_actor but that do not access attributes
 * with self->attribute_name
 */

struct thorium_actor;
struct core_vector;
struct thorium_message;

void thorium_actor_send_buffer(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, int count, void *buffer);
void thorium_actor_send_empty(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action);
void thorium_actor_send_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, int value);
void thorium_actor_send_2_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, int value1, int value2);
void thorium_actor_send_double(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, double value);
void thorium_actor_send_uint64_t(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, uint64_t value);
void thorium_actor_send_int64_t(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, int64_t value);
void thorium_actor_send_vector(struct thorium_actor *actor, int destination, int action, struct core_vector *vector);

void thorium_actor_send_reply_empty(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action);
void thorium_actor_send_reply_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int value);
void thorium_actor_send_reply_int64_t(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int64_t value);
void thorium_actor_send_reply_uint64_t(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, uint64_t value);
void thorium_actor_send_reply_vector(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, struct core_vector *vector);
void thorium_actor_send_reply_buffer(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int count, void *buffer);

void thorium_actor_send_to_self_empty(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action);
void thorium_actor_send_to_self_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int value);
void thorium_actor_send_to_self_2_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int value1, int value2);
void thorium_actor_send_to_self_buffer(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int count, void *buffer);

void thorium_actor_send_to_supervisor_empty(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action);
void thorium_actor_send_to_supervisor_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, int action, int value);

void thorium_actor_send_range_default(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                int first, int last,
                struct thorium_message *message);

void thorium_actor_send_range(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                struct thorium_message *message);
void thorium_actor_send_range_int(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                int action, int value);
void thorium_actor_send_range_buffer(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *destinations,
                int action, int count, void *buffer);
void thorium_actor_send_range_vector(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                int action, struct core_vector *vector);
void thorium_actor_send_range_empty(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                int action);
void thorium_actor_send_range_loop(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                int first, int last,
                struct thorium_message *message);

void thorium_actor_send_range_positions_vector(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct core_vector *actors,
                int first, int last,
                int action, struct core_vector *vector);

void thorium_actor_send_reply(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct thorium_message *message);
void thorium_actor_send_to_self(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct thorium_message *message);
void thorium_actor_send_to_supervisor(struct thorium_actor *actor, struct thorium_message *message);

void thorium_actor_send_int_vector(struct thorium_actor *self, int dst, int action, int value1, struct core_vector *value2);

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Deputies: SC man arrested after holding girlfriend hostage for three days
Cycling festival in Florence raises money for city projects
FLORENCE, SC (WBTW) – Hundreds of cyclist pedaled into Downtown Florence bright and early Saturday, to raise money for citywide projects.
"Seems like more people are understanding what 'Helping Florence Flourish' is with people just coming together and sharing skills and being able to help each other," said rider, Betsy Hoyle.
"We're trying to build the community, enjoy one another and then as the week goes on there's different service projects that happen in the course of the week, so this is the big kickoff and it's a lot of fun for the families and a great social event," said team leader for the Helping Florence Flourish, Chris Handley.
The organization is a christian organization that works to improve areas that need it the most around the city.
"One of the big pieces that we're trying to do is draw as many churches together to see them work together to bless our community and I see it happening," said Handley.
After bikers finished the three-mile ride, the organization hosted a festival that included fun activities such as, games, free food, and bounce houses.
"My daughter was able to ride behind my husband and she would just enjoy coaching him on how to ride as well. It was just really fun to see the community come together," said Hoyle.
The organization said there's several plans in place for the next couple of days.
"We have probably 20 projects in the next week in several different schools, communities, and doing different cookouts and cleanups and things like that," said Handley.
More Pee Dee Stories
FLORENCE, SC (WBTW) - Officers with the Florence Police Department are asking for the public's help to identify several subjects in a shoplifting case at an Ulta store.
According to a press release from police the incident happened at the Ulta on 1945 West Palmetto Street on July 12. The people in the photos are wanted for questioning about the case. Police say a "large quantity of merchandise" was shoplifted from the store.
DARLINGTON, SC (WBTW) A solar facilities company is bringing six individual projects to Darlington County valued at more than $141 million.
Southern Current owns and develops solar energy facilities across the Southeastern United States. The investment is the second one they make in Darlington County.
Robeson County Sheriff's Office rolled out a new program for residents
by Briana Fernandez / Jul 17, 2019
ROBESON COUNTY, NC (WBTW) - The Robeson County sheriff's office rolled out a new program to help the elderly who live alone in the community.
With just a touch of a button the "Are you ok?" program will alert deputies when you need help.


This website has a really cool idea for something called a "Pirolette"!
I'm going to put this on my list on things to make someday….looks like a fun challenge for the lathe.
If you aren't going to make one yourself, order one from Tom Beshara at his website.
Posted on December 8, 2005, in Woodturning. Bookmark the permalink.	Comments Off on "Pirolette".


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Ten innovative uses for solar panels around the world
To coincide with the 20th edition WETEX at Dubai World Trade Centre, we celebrate some of the most unique and innovative applications of solar panels in art and architecture from around the world.
1. Gardens by the Bay, Singapore
These larger-than-life, solar-powered supertrees are located at the iconic Gardens by the Bay, Singapore. The garden is home to 18 multi-purpose supertrees that function as vertical gardens, generate solar power, act as air venting ducts and collect rainwater. 11 of the supertrees are fitted with solar photovoltaic systems, creating the electricity that provides light within the conservatories.
2. The Sustainability Pavilion, Expo 2020 Dubai
The Sustainability Pavilion at Expo 2020 Dubai will explore the potential for buildings to be self-sustaining. Developed using a passive design approach and the latest green building technologies, the pavilion trail blazes in forecasted energy and water efficiency. Solar panels are designed to produce 4 GWh/year of electricity, while a greywater recycling system will ensure no drop of reusable water is wasted. A 'Water Tree' will trial extraction of atmospheric humidity, which could produce up to 22,000 litres of water a day. The Pavilion aims to influence thousands of visitors during Expo 2020 by empowering them to understand the environmental impact of the daily choices they make.
3. Saudao ao Sol, Croatia
Located in the coastal town of Zadar, Croatia, Saudao ao Sol (Greeting to the Sun), is a striking installation that harnesess the power of the sun rays. Croatian architect, Nikola Baic, designed the LED-light work of art with 300 multilayered glass plates encasing solar cells that absorb sunlight during the day and come alive at night, putting on a memorable light show.
4. Field of Light Uluru, Australia
Featuring more than 50,000 solar-powered light bulbs, Field of Light Uluru is a one-of-a-kind installation designed and produced by artist Bruce Munro. Covering an area equivalent to four football fields, the work of art brings Australia's Red Centre desert near Ayers Rock to life in a remarkable display of iridescent light. Picture credit: Photography Mark Pickthall, copyright brucemunro.co.uk
5. Science of Light, USA
Canadian stained glass artist Sarah Hall fuses colour, light and photovoltaic technology for architectural glass. The 'Science of Light' installation, featured here in the stairwell of Grass Valley Elementary School in Washington State, USA, combines the art of stained glass with cutting edge technology to produce this striking effect. Energy gathered from the sun during the day is released as light, illuminating a glass spiral located in the stairwell. Picture credit: Sarah Hall www.sarahhallstudio.com
6. The National Stadium, Taiwan
The National Stadium in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, is a solar-powered multi-purpose venue designed by renowned architect Toyo Ito. The 50,000-seat arena, uniquely shaped like a dragon, is clad in 8,844 solar panels that generate 100% of the stadium's electricity using photovoltaic technology. That's enough to light both track and field.
7. Smartflower
The 'plug-&-play' Smartflower is a photovoltaic system with solar 'petals' that automatically unfurl with the sun. The device directs its 18 M2 solar modular fan sun-ward and produces electricity to power household appliances. With accurate, dual-axle sun tracking, the flower produces 40 times more energy than a static solar device. Picture credit: SmartFlower Solar
8. Solar Sun Tree by XINDAO
Blending form and function, the branches of the Solar Suntree double up as charging outlets. Made out of eco-friendly bamboo, the tree features nine solar leaves that can charge a 1,350 mAh lithium battery, generating enough power for your mobile phone or MP3 player.
Picture credit: xindao.com
9. The ENDESA Pavilion, Spain
The ENDESA Pavilion at the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia is a stunning example of a self-sufficient, solar-powered building. While originally built as a protoype, it has been used as a control room for testing and evaluating many other projects relating to the intelligent management of power. Integrating smart, parametric design, the Institute ensured the angular facade is able to maximize the solar panels' performance. Picture credit: IAAC - Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia
10. Giant origami-inspired crane, USA
Inspired by the Japanese art of origami, this striking bird-shaped sculpture, called Ascension, was built by LA-based Crimson Collective for the Coachella music and arts festival in 2010. Rising to 45 feet, it is made of modular aluminum tubes and covered with white mesh fabric. At night, it lights up with LEDs, powered by two photovoltaic systems that sit nearby and double as a canopy and benches.
Photo credit: Courtesy Crimson Collective/ Michelle Cassel


text:
Kalinowice Rządowe – część miasta Zamościa w województwie lubelskim.

Leży w południowej części miasta, na zachód od zamojskiej dzielnicy Nowa Osada. Rozopściera się w okolicy ulic Szymanowskiego, Sybiraków i Weteranów. Wzdłuż jej południowej granicy przepływa rzeka Łabuńka.

Od wschodu graniczy z wsią Kalinowice (dawniej Kalinowice Ordynackie).

Bibliografia

Przypisy

Kalinowice Rządowe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Laurence Hoffmann
Laurence Hoffmann established Wildside Media in 2005 to create cutting-edge art projects in music and film. Among Wildside Media film productions are the documentary "Come Si Fa a Non Amare PierPaolo Pasolini: Appunti Per Un Romanzo Sull'Immondezza" by Mimmo Calopresti (event at Auditorium Roma 2005), the documentary "I Only Wanted To Live" by Mimmo Calopresti, coproduced with Steven Spielberg's Shoah Foundation and Rai Cinema and RTSI (event at Auditorium Roma and special event at the Cannes Film Festival 2006), the documentary "Torino è La Mia Città. Le Olimpiadi" for the city of Turin and the Museo del Cinema, the documentary "Luigi Pintor" by Stefano Grossi, the experimental short film "Blow Up: Omaggio a Michelangelo Antonioni" by Alessandra Bergero (screened at Mostra d'Arte Cinematografica in Venice 2007), the short film "Caterine" by Pappi Corsicato for FMR (2008) and the documentary "Rumore Bianco" by Alberto Fasulo (competition Festival dei Popoli, Florence 2008). She has worked at MonteCinemaVerita' Foundation in support of filmmakers from Africa, Asi, latinAmerica and Eastern Europe) and at Cinecitta' Studios in Rome to invite and supervise international productions on the stages. During her time in Europe, she has participated as a jury member or as a speaker at several international film festivals (Locarno, Rio De Janeiro, Nantes, Tessaloniki, Sarajevo, etc.). In 2009 she moved to New York City. She creates documentaries and experimental films to be published on Wildside-Media.com and youtube.com and works as consultant for international film co-productions and sales.
www.wildside-media.com


text:
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Cape Reinga, North Island, New Zealand, Te Araroa
Photo by T L
Explore our Te Araroa hiking guide
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Our Guthook Guides apps feature world-class hikes, wilderness regions, and trails from all over the world. Feel secure in your adventure by following our easy-to use hiking guides, whether you are headed for a backcountry wilderness thru-hike or a countryside cultural walk.
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Eastern US
Trail System
The first National Park east of the Mississippi, Acadia is located on Mt. Desert Island and is home to miles of trails, woodlands, and rocky beaches.
The Appalachian Trail is one of the oldest National Scenic Trails in the US. Its path takes you from Springer Mountain in Georgia to Mt. Katahdin in Maine.
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The Arizona Trail stretches 800 miles across the state of Arizona from Mexico to Utah, passing through some of the most diverse and beautiful landscapes in the state.
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The state of Arkansas offers a variety of hiking trails. Our hiker bundle includes the Ouachita Trail, Ozark Highlands Trail, Eagle Rock Loop, and Buffalo River Trail.
Our guide offers regional hikes including the Bibbulmun Track, Kepler Track, and more. Experience crystal coastlines, blue lakes, old growth forests, and outback desert.
Baxter State Park
Baxter State Park is home to Maine's highest peak, Mt. Katahdin, as well as lakes and campgrounds. Bottom line, Baxter is worth the trip!
Buckeye Trail
The Buckeye Trail is Ohio's most famous long distance hiking trail, and wraps around the entire state, passing through the state's most scenic regions.
Buffalo River Trail
The Buffalo River Trail follows the Buffalo National River, one of few remaining undammed rivers in the country, featuring stunning and rugged landscapes.
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text:
Q: Visual Studio Code will not recognize any JDKs I am fairly new at this so please be patient as I will not always know what you are talking about and may not know what information is helpful to provide. I am trying to set up VSCode as my IDE for java on my macOS Monterey 12.3.1 device. I have the Java Extension Pack that Microsoft recommends.
Anytime I open a .java file, I get an error notification saying "The java.jdt.ls.java.home variable defined in Visual Studio Code settings does not point to a JDK. Source: Language Support for Java by Red Hat."
The variable it is talking about, I copied the path directly from the jdk folder that is returned when I run "java -version" through the terminal. Any other jdk version I have tried, it also does not recognize. Even when I go through VSCode and click "locate an existing jdk" and point it to the location, it tells me the folder I've selected is not a jdk.
I have deleted and reinstalled all of my jdks as well as VSC several times. I even tried downloading the package of VSC, a JDK, and the java extensions that Microsoft put together. I do not know what else to do.
I have seen some online forums talking about the environment variable JAVA_HOME, but I am having trouble grasping the concept or understanding what I can do with that information.
Please let me know if you have any suggestions or if you need me to provide more information. Thank you!

A: Follow this tutorial to get started with Java in VS Code.
By default, Java programs can run normally without setting java.jdt.ls.java.home.

If you need to specify the JDK, you can use the following configuration in the settings.json
    "java.configuration.runtimes": [
        {
            "name": "JavaSE-1.8",
            "path": "C:\\Program Files\\Eclipse Adoptium\\jdk-8.0.332.9-hotspot",
            "default" : true,
        },
        {
            "name": "JavaSE-17",
            "path": "C:\\Users\\Admin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Eclipse Adoptium\\jdk-17.0.3.7-hotspot",
        },
    ],

It can also be selected in the JAVA PROJECTS panel

You can also use java.jdt.ls.java.home to specify the folder path to the JDK (17 or more recent) used to launch the Java Language Server.
    "java.jdt.ls.java.home": "c:\\Users\\Admin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Eclipse Adoptium\\jdk-17.0.3.7-hotspot",

The above paths are the folders where Java is installed, not Java.exe.
About JAVA_HOME
This is an environment variable set for your system so that Java commands are available anywhere on your machine.
Take windows as an example (sorry I don't have a mac)

*

*Add JAVA_HOME to system environment variables

*Then add the java path to path

The effect is equivalent to adding the Java bin path directly to the Path

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
\subsubsection{Open-Loop Control}\label{sec:OL_construction}

For $t_i\ge 0$, consider a bounded or unbounded time interval in one of the following forms: $\mathcal T = [t_i, t_{i+1})$, $\mathcal T = [t_i, t_{i+1}]$ or $\mathcal T=[t_i,\infty)$.
\begin{enumerate}
	\item At the initial time $t_i$ measure $x(t_i)$ and construct a smooth path $c(t_i)\in\Gamma(x^\star(t_i),x(t_i))$.
	\item For each $t\in\mathcal T$, apply the control signal $u(t) = k_p(c(t),u^\star(t),t,1)$, where $c(t)$ is the forward image of the path $c(t_i)$ with the path of controls \eqref{eq:k_p}, i.e. for each $s\in[0,1]$ and $t\in\mathcal T$, $c(t,s)$ satisfies	\begin{equation}\label{eq:forward_image}
\ddt c(t,s) = f(c(t,s),t)+B(c(t,s),t)k_p(c(t),u^\star(t),t,s).\end{equation}
\end{enumerate}
When this strategy is applied on an interval $\mathcal T = [t_i,\infty)$ the length of the curve $c(t)$ shrinks exponentially, and allows us to establish Theorem \ref{thm:CCM} claim 1.

The bound $R=\sqrt{\frac{\alpha_2}{\alpha_1}}$ given in the theorem is achieved if the initial path $c_0$ is a minimal geodesic joining $x^\star(t_i)$ to $x(t_i)$, existence of which is established in Lemma \ref{lem:hopf_rinow} in the appendix.
With any other initial path, exponential stability is still achieved with the same rate but perhaps with larger overshoot. Note that when $c(t_i)$ is a geodesic it is in general {\em not} the case that $c(t)$ is a geodesic for $t>t_i$, see Fig. \ref{fig:Gamma_x}.

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.65\columnwidth]{Figures/Gamma_Revised}
\caption{An illustration of the geometry of solutions using the open-loop or sampled-data CCM-based control over an interval $[t_i, t_{i+1}]$. The target trajectory $x^\star(t)$ is shown in red, system trajectory $x(t)$ in black. Paths joining $x^\star(t)$ to $x(t)$ are shown in blue. }
\label{fig:Gamma_x}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\subsubsection{Sampled-Data Feedback Controller}
The open-loop controller can be extended to sampled-data feedback by recomputing geodesics at the sampling instants. To be precise:
\begin{enumerate}
\item At each sample time $t_i$, measure the state $x(t_i)$ and compute a minimal geodesic $\gamma_i \in \arg\min_{c\in\Gamma_i} E(c,t_i)$ where $\Gamma_i:=\Gamma(x^\star(t_i),x(t_i))$.
\item On the interval $\mathcal T = [t_i, t_{i+1})$ apply the open-loop control described above with $c(t_i)=\gamma_i$.
\end{enumerate}
Note that this is stabilizing with {\em any} choice of sample times,  including uniform sampling: $t_i=it_s$ for some fixed $t_s>0$.

\subsubsection{Smooth Feedback, Uniquely Defined Almost Everywhere and in a Neighbourhood of $x^\star$}

By taking the limit as sampling interval goes to zero, one can obtain a continuous-time controller which does away with the need to solve \eqref{eq:forward_image} over the inter-sample intervals.
Specifically:

\begin{enumerate}
	\item Measure the state $x(t)$ and a minimal geodesic $\gamma = \arg\min_{c\in\Gamma(x^\star(t),x(t))} E(c,t_i)$.
\item Apply the control signal $u(t) =  k_p(\gamma,u^\star(t),t,1)$.
\end{enumerate}
This defines a mapping $(x(t), x^\star(t),u^\star(t),t\mapsto u(t)$, however a difficulty is that it may be multiply-defined or non-smooth at some states $x(t)$, specifically points on the {\em cut locus}, denoted by $\mathfrak C(x^\star,t)$, which is the set of points for which non-unique minimizing geodesics exist from $x^\star$ (cut points) and/or the first-order minimality condition fails (conjugate points).

This set is known to have zero Lebesgue measure. Let use define $\mathfrak D(x^\star,t):=\R^n/(\mathfrak C(x^\star,t) \cup x^\star )$ which is diffeomorphic to punctured open ball. For every $x\in \mathfrak D(x^\star,t)$ there is a unique minimal geodesic $\gamma$ joining $x$ and $x^\star$ \cite[Ch 13]{docarmo1992riemannian}, and we show in the appendix that the above controller is smooth on $\mathfrak D(x^\star,t)$ and continuous at $x=x^\star(t)$. This controller is universally exponentially stabilizing under the technical assumption that the set of times at which $x(t)\in \mathfrak C(x^\star,t)$ has zero measure.

\subsection{Stronger Conditions Giving Simpler Controllers}\label{sec:strong}

Since the differential dynamics are linear, it is tempting to look for an admissible differential feedback controller of the form $\delta_u= K(x,t)\d_x$ satisfying \eqref{eq:ccm_explicit}. We will show that this is possible under the following slightly stronger conditions:

\begin{enumerate}[C1:]
\item \label{C1} if $\delta_x\ne 0$ satisfies $\delta_x'MB=0$, then
\[
\delta_x'\left(\pder[M]{t}+\partial_f M+\pder[f]{x}'M+M\pder[f]{x}+2\lambda M\right)\delta_x <0,
\]
\item \label{C2} for each  $i=1, 2, ..., m$,
$
\partial_{b_i} M + \pder[b_i]{x}'M+M\pder[b_i]{x} = 0.
$
\end{enumerate}

These stronger conditions also hold under the assumptions of Proposition \ref{prop:contracting}, as is clear from the proof in the appendix. Condition C\ref{C1} says that the uncontrolled system is contracting in directions orthogonal to the span of the control inputs. Condition C\ref{C2} ensures that large $u$ of unknown sign cannot cause expansion of $\|\d_x\|$.  Formally it states that the vector fields $b_i$ are Killing fields for the metric $M$.

In particular, if $B$ is of the form $[0, I]'$, with $0$ and $I$ the zero and identity matrices of appropriate dimension, then Condition C\ref{C2} says that $M$ must not depend on the last $m$ state variables.
By applying Finsler's theorem (see, e.g., \cite{uhlig1979recurring}) pointwise in $x$ and $t$ to condition C\ref{C1}, we immediately obtain the following:
\begin{prop} \label{prop:rho} Condition C\ref{C1} is equivalent to the existence of a scalar multiplier $\rho(x,t)$ such that for all $x,t$:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:CCM_rhoform}
\pder[M]{t}+\partial_f M+\pder[f]{x}'M+M\pder[f]{x}-\rho MBB'M+2\lambda M  < 0.
\end{equation}
\end{prop}
One can then construct the differential feedback gain $K(x,t) = -\frac{1}{2}\rho(x,t)B(x,t)'M(x,t)$ which satisfies \eqref{eq:ccm_explicit} and is always path integrable since it is independent of $u$.

\begin{remark}\label{rem:rho_gm}
If \eqref{eq:CCM_rhoform} holds for some multiplier $\rho(x,t)=\rho_0(x,t)$, then it clearly holds for any $\rho(x,t)\ge \rho_0(x,t)$ for all $x,t$ since $MBB'M\ge 0$. This can be interpreted as the differential feedback having infinite up-side gain margin, and also implies that one can construct a smooth $\rho(x,t)$.
\end{remark}

\subsection{Riemannian Energy as a CLF}

The proof of Theorem \ref{thm:CCM} uses an explicit construction of a particular stabilizing controller, but in doing so we have actually shown that the Riemannian energy $E(x, x^\star,t)$ can always be decreased, and hence be used as control Lyapunov function (CLF) for {\em any} target trajectory of the system.

The formula for first variation of energy \cite[p. 195]{docarmo1992riemannian} gives a particularly convenient expression for the time derivative of the energy functional as an affine function of $u$:
\begin{align}
\frac{1}{2}\frac{d}{dt}E(x, x^\star, t) =& \langle \gamma_s(t,0), \dot x^\star \rangle_{x^\star,t} - \langle \gamma_s(t,1), f(x,t)\rangle_{x,t}\notag\\
&-\langle \gamma_s(t,1),B(x,t)u\rangle_{x,t}+\frac{1}{2}\pder[E]{t},\label{eq:Edot}
\end{align}
When $x(t)\in \mathfrak C(x^\star,t)$ the above formula still holds with $=$ replaced by $\le$ and $\frac{d}{dt}$ replaced by the Dini derivative.

In proving Theorem 1, we have also proven that for any $x^\star, u^\star, t$, the convex set (either a half-space or all of $\R^m$):
\[
\mathcal U =\left\{u\in\ R^m : \ddt E(x, x^\star, t) \le - 2\lambda E(x,x^\star, t) \right\},
\]
where $ \ddt E(x, x^\star, t)$ is given by \eqref{eq:Edot},  is always non-empty.

This opens up the possibility of using many other particular controllers based on CLFs that may have further desirable properties. For example, pointwise min-norm control \cite{freeman2008robust}:
$
u(t) = \arg\min_{\tilde u\in \mathcal U} \|\tilde u\|^2
$
would have reduced control magnitude, and can be generalized to provide approximate optimality with guaranteed stability \cite{primbs2000receding}.

\subsection{Invariance Under Coordinate Change and Feedback}
Metrics and dual metrics  are tensors: geometrical objects that are `intrinsic'' and have coordinate representations that transform appropriately under smooth coordinate changes. In the following theorem we establish that the CCM criteria are invariant under such coordinate changes and, additionally,  under affine feedback laws.

\begin{thm}\label{thm:coord}
If the CCM condition \eqref{eq:CCM} (or equivalently \eqref{eq:weak_kernel})  is satisfied for system \eqref{eq:sys}, then \eqref{eq:CCM} and \eqref{eq:weak_kernel} still hold under:
\begin{enumerate}
\item affine feedback transformations $u(x,v) = \alpha(x)+\beta(x)v$ with $\beta$ a smooth non-singular $n\times n$ matrix function.
\item differential coordinate changes $\delta_\xi = \Phi(x)\delta_x$, in which $\Phi(x)$ is a non-singular matrix for all $x$, with the new CCM
$
	M_\xi(x,t) :=\Psi'(x) M(x,t)\Psi(x)$ and dual CCM $
	W_\xi(x,t):= \Phi(x)  W(x,t) \Phi(x)'
$, where $\Psi(x) = \Phi(x)^{-1}$;
\item coordinate changes	 $\xi = \phi(x)$, $\phi$ a smooth diffeomorphism, with the new CCM and dual CCM $M_\xi, W_\xi$ as above with $\Phi(x) = \pder[\phi]{x}$ evaluated at $x=\phi^{-1}(\xi)$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}

\begin{remark} If $\Phi(x)$ has bounded singular values over all $x,t$ within $[\sigma_{\min }, \sigma_{\max }]$, then the uniform bounds on $M$ and $W$ are also preserved under coordinate change.
\end{remark}
\subsection{Necessity for Feedback Linearizable Systems}
A corollary of Theorem \ref{thm:coord} is that for feedback linearizable systems, existence of a CCM is guaranteed. A system of the form \eqref{eq:sys}
is feedback linearizable if there exists a change of variables and feedback transformation such that the transformed system is linear time-invariant:
$
\dot \xi = G\xi+Hv,
$
where the pair of constant matrices $(G, H)$ is controllable \cite{khalil2002nonlinear}.

\begin{cor} For any feedback linearizable system there is a control contraction metric that verifies universal stabilizability, given by $W(x,t) = \Phi(x,t)P\Phi(x,t)'$ where $P$ is any constant symmetric positive definite matrix satisfying
$
H_\perp(GP+PG')H_\perp'<0.
$
\end{cor}
The proof is immediate from Theorem \ref{thm:coord}, and we note that such a $P$ is guaranteed to exist if $(G, H)$ is stabilizable \cite{dullerud2000course}.

The converse is not true: the necessary and sufficient conditions for feedback-linearizability consist of a controllability condition and an involutivity (complete integrability) condition to find an appropriate coordinate change \cite{khalil2002nonlinear}. In contrast, existence of a CCM depends only on stabilizability, and does not require complete integrability of the differential control.  This is because a metric corresponds to a {\em differential} change of coordinates $\delta_z = \Theta(x,t)\delta_x$, i.e. $M = \Theta'\Theta$, but there is no requirement that this should be integrable to an explicit change of coordinates $z=\theta(x)$.

\begin{ex}
The following system
\[
\ddt \bm{x_1\\x_2} = \bm{-x_1-x_1^3 +x_2^2\\0}+\bm{0\\1}u=:f(x)+Bu
\]
is not feedback linearizable in the sense of \cite{isidori1995nonlinear}, since the vector fields $B$ and
$ ad_fB := \pder[f]{x}B-\pder[B]{x}f =[2x_2, 0]'
$
are not linearly independent when $x_2=0$. However, it is universally stabilizable as verified by \eqref{eq:CCM_rhoform_dual} with $W=I$ and multiplier $\rho(x) =1+2x_2^2$. Additionally, since we can take $B_\perp=[1 \ 0]'$, condition \eqref{eq:weak_kernel} reduces to the fact that $\pder[f_1]{x_2}=-1-3x_1^2<0 \ \forall x$.
\end{ex}

\section{Introduction}
\input{ccmIntro}

\section{Preliminaries and Problem Setup}\label{sec:setup}
\input{ccmSetup}

\section{Control Contraction Metrics}\label{sec:ccm}
\input{ccmCCM2}

\subsection{Dual Metrics and Convexity of Synthesis}\label{sec:dual}
\input{ccmDual}

\section{Properties of Control Contraction Metrics}\label{sec:properties}\input{ccmCLF}
\input{ccmConverse}

\input{ccmSynchr}\section{Illustrative Example}\label{sec:examples}

\input{ccmAndrieu}

\section{Stability and Stabilization of Submanifolds}\label{sec:flow_inv}

Convergence of a nonlinear system to a submanifold of state space is a requirement that appears in many applications, including coordination of multi-agent systems \cite{tanner2007flocking}, synchronization of oscillators \cite{dorfler2014synchronization}, computational neuroscience \cite{burak2009accurate}, and nonlinear control design
\cite{astolfi2007nonlinear}. Design of controllers to stabilize submanifolds has been investigated recently using transverse feedback linearization \cite{nielsen2008local}, reduction and backstepping
\cite{el2013reduction}, and modifying controllers for drift-free systems \cite{montenbruck2015compensating}.

Suppose a submanifold is defined by a level set of some smooth funciton $
Z(t) = \{x:z(x,t) = c\}
$
where $z:\R^n\times\R^+\to \R^q$ and $\pder[z]{x}$ has rank $q$ for all $x$. The sets $Z(t)$ are called
{\em controlled invariant} if there exists a smooth mapping $u^\star:Z(t)\times \R^+\to \R^m$ such that
\[\pder[z(x,t)]{t}+\pder[z(x,t)]{x}(f(x,t)+B(x,t)u^\star(x,t) )=0
\]
for all $x\in Z(t)$ for all $t\in\R^+$. In the case of an uncontrolled system, this reduces to the condition for a manifold to be {\em flow invariant}: $\pder[z]{t}+\pder[z]{x}f(x,t)=0$.

The objective is to design a controller guaranteeing exponential convergence to $Z(t)$, i.e. for each $x(0)$ one can construct a control signal $u(t)$ such that the solution $x(t)$ of \eqref{eq:sys} satisfies
$
\inf_{y\in Z(t)} |x(t)-y|\le e^{-\lambda t} \bar R
$ for some $\bar R>0$.

Assume we can construct a smooth matrix function $G(x,t)$ with columns that form a basis for the null space of $\pder[z(x,t)]{x}$. In order to study stability and stabilization of $Z(t)$, we construct a ``virtual control system'':
\begin{equation}\label{eq:virt}
\dot x = f(x,t)+\bar B(x,t)\bar u
\end{equation}
where $\bar B(x,t) = [B(x,t) \  G(x,t)]$ and $\bar u = [u' \ v']'$, with $u$ the actual control input and $v$ a newly introduced ``virtual control''.

\begin{thm}\label{thm:manifold_stab}
If there exists a CCM for the virtual control system \eqref{eq:virt} satisfying the strong conditions C\ref{C1}, C\ref{C2}, then any time-varying submanifold of the form $Z(t) = \{x:z(x,t) = c\}$ can be exponentially stabilized (open-loop, sampled-data, or continuously almost everywhere) with rate $\lambda$.
\end{thm}

The proof uses the concept of a ``shadow state'' $\bar x(t)$, which has the property that $\bar x(t) \in Z(t)\, \forall t$  and can be thought of as a generalised projection of $x(t)$ onto $Z(t)$. The virtual control system \eqref{eq:virt} is constructed so that it can represent dynamics of the real system when $v=0$, but can also represent $\bar x(t)\in Z(t)$ when $u=x^\star(\bar x,t)$ and $v$ is arbitrary. The idea is to ensure $x(t)$ converges to $\bar x(t)$, and therefore to $Z(t)$.

The following corollary gives simple convex criteria for an uncontrolled system to converge to a submanifold.
\begin{cor}\label{thm:synch} Consider an uncontrolled system of the form \eqref{eq:sys} with $B=0 \ \forall x,t$.
Suppose there exists a uniformly bounded dual metric $W$, invariant on level sets of $z(x,t)$, satisfying:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:CCM_Z}
\pder[z]{x}\left(-\pder[W]{t}-\partial_fW + \pder[f]{x}W+W\pder[f]{x}'+2\lambda W\right)\pder[z]{x}'< 0,
\end{equation}
Then all solutions of the system converge exponentially with rate $\lambda$ to the set $Z(t)$.
\end{cor}

Note that this corollary is based solely on the {\em existence} of a universally stabilizing controller. Actual computation of a control signal is not required.
Corollary \ref{thm:synch} generalizes results on {\em partial contraction} in \cite{wang2005partial, Pham2007}. The latter showed that convergence to a {\em linear} manifold defined by $z(x)=Vx = 0$, with $V$ a constant matrix, is guaranteed by the condition that $V(\pder[f]{x}+\pder[f]{x}')V'$ is uniformly negative definite.
A similar notion of {\em horizontal contraction} was studied in \cite{forni2014differential}.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Velika nagrada Evrope 2006 je bila peta dirka Svetovnega prvenstva Formule 1 v sezoni 2006. Odvijala se je 7. maja 2006.

Rezultati

Kvalifikacije

Opombe
 * Jacques Villeneuve je bil zaradi oviranja Giancarla Fisichelle v zadnjem delu kvalifikacij kaznovan s črtanjem treh najboljših časov in tako padel na deveto štartno mesto.
 † Mark Webber in Nico Rosberg sta bila kaznovana s pribitkom desetih mest zaradi menjave motorjev, tako da sta začela dirko z le 19. in 22. štartnega mesta.

Dirka

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! 3
| 6
|  Felipe Massa
| Ferrari
| 60
| + 4,447 s
| 3
| 6
|-
! 4
| 3
|  Kimi Räikkönen
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 60
| + 4,879 s
| 5
| 5
|-
! 5
| 11
|  Rubens Barrichello
| Honda
| 60
| + 1:12,586
| 4
| 4
|-
! 6
| 2
|  Giancarlo Fisichella
| Renault
| 60
| + 1:14,116
| 11
| 3
|-
! 7
| 10
|  Nico Rosberg
| Williams-Cosworth
| 60
| + 1:14,565
| 22
| 2
|-
! 8
| 17
|  Jacques Villeneuve
| BMW Sauber
| 60
| + 1:29,364
| 9
| 1
|-
! 9
| 8
|  Jarno Trulli
| Toyota
| 59
| +1 krog
| 7
|
|-
! 10
| 16
|  Nick Heidfeld
| BMW Sauber
| 59
| +1 krog
| 13
|
|-
! 11
| 21
|  Scott Speed
| Toro Rosso-Cosworth
| 59
| +1 krog
| 17
|
|-
! 12
| 18
|  Tiago Monteiro
| MF1-Toyota
| 59
| +1 krog
| 18
|
|-
! 13
| 19
|  Christijan Albers
| MF1-Toyota
| 59
| +1 krog
| 16
|
|-
! Ods
| 7
|  Ralf Schumacher
| Toyota
| 52
| Motor
| 10
|
|-
! Ods
| 4
|  Juan Pablo Montoya
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 52
| Motor
| 8
|
|-
! Ods
| 22
|  Takuma Sato
| Super Aguri-Honda
| 45
| Hidravlika
| 20
|
|-
! Ods
| 23
|  Franck Montagny
| Super Aguri-Honda
| 29
| Hidravlika
| 21
|
|-
! Ods
| 12
|  Jenson Button
| Honda
| 28
| Motor
| 6
|
|-
! Ods
| 15
|  Christian Klien
| Red Bull-Ferrari
| 28
| Menjalnik
| 15
|
|-
! Ods
| 9
|  Mark Webber
| Williams-Cosworth
| 12
| Hidravlika
| 19
|
|-
! Ods
| 14
|  David Coulthard
| Red Bull-Ferrari
| 2
| Trčenje
| 12
|
|-
! Ods
| 20
|  Vitantonio Liuzzi
| Toro Rosso-Cosworth
| 0
| Trčenje
| 14
|
|}

Opombe

 Vodilni: Fernando Alonso 1–16, 24–37 (30); Michael Schumacher 17–18, 38–41, 45–60 (22); Kimi Räikkönen 19–23, 42–44 (8).

Formula 1 sezona 2006
2006


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text:
Xi Jinping touts at least 4.2% growth in 2022. 'The Chinese economy has remained the second largest in the world.'
Xi Jinping touts at least 4.2% growth in 2022. 'The Chinese economy has remained the second largest in the world.'
The two ABC anchors who had a romance are leaving the network: 'We all agreed it's best for everyone that they move on'
In a New Year's address on Saturday, Xi revealed estimates from the National Bureau of Statistics that GDP for 2022 exceeded 120 trillion yuan ($17.4 trillion). Read More
The U.S. Treasury market just suffered its worst-ever annual loss in 2022
Get ready for the electric SUV in 2023


Friday 11:30am-12:30pm. A Founding Father of The Cocktail Nation, join Brother Cleve as he takes you on a journey tracing the history and roots of Exotica music. From French Impressionism and 20th Century orchestral to late 19th Century Hawaiian music in the US and into it's mid-century synthesis of film & Broadway scores, jungle jazz, Latin/African/Oriental et al, and cocktail jazz.


Today's Nintendo eShop news: Warhammer Age of Sigmar: Champions announced for the Nintendo Switch, trailer for Those Who Remain, footage for Power Rangers: Battle for the Grid, screenshots for Arcade Archives Moon Cresta, trailer and screenshots for Stray Cat Doors, screenshots for Captain Star One, latest Commander introduction video for Wargroove, latest screenshot for Dungreed, and launch trailer for Unworthy!
Today's Daily Briefs: Power Rangers: Battle for the Grid announced for the Nintendo Switch, R.B.I. Baseball 19 to be announced for the Nintendo Switch, latest pieces of concept art for Dragon Marked for Death, latest screenshot for Crystal Crisis, and latest piece of concept art for Team Sonic Racing!


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<TITLE>
EventCounter (Facebook's realtime distributed database, powered by Apache Hadoop based on 0.20-append branch 0.20.1-dev API)
</TITLE>

<META NAME="date" CONTENT="2011-03-30">

<LINK REL ="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="../../../../../stylesheet.css" TITLE="Style">

      Overview
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org.apache.hadoop.metrics.jvm

Class EventCounter

java.lang.Object
  org.apache.log4j.AppenderSkeleton
      org.apache.hadoop.metrics.jvm.EventCounter

All Implemented Interfaces:
org.apache.log4j.Appender, org.apache.log4j.spi.OptionHandler

public class EventCounter
extends org.apache.log4j.AppenderSkeleton

A log4J Appender that simply counts logging events in three levels:
 fatal, error and warn.

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class org.apache.log4j.AppenderSkeleton

closed, errorHandler, headFilter, layout, name, tailFilter, threshold

Constructor Summary

EventCounter()

Method Summary

 void
append(org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggingEvent event)

 void
close()

static long
getError()

static long
getFatal()

static long
getInfo()

static long
getWarn()

 boolean
requiresLayout()

Methods inherited from class org.apache.log4j.AppenderSkeleton

activateOptions, addFilter, clearFilters, doAppend, finalize, getErrorHandler, getFilter, getFirstFilter, getLayout, getName, getThreshold, isAsSevereAsThreshold, setErrorHandler, setLayout, setName, setThreshold

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Constructor Detail

EventCounter

public EventCounter()

Method Detail

getFatal

public static long getFatal()

getError

public static long getError()

getWarn

public static long getWarn()

getInfo

public static long getInfo()

append

public void append(org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggingEvent event)

Specified by:
append in class org.apache.log4j.AppenderSkeleton

close

public void close()

requiresLayout

public boolean requiresLayout()

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This release is based on the Facebook's version of Hadoop.
Copyright © 2009 The Apache Software Foundation.


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Leeds couple killed in Tunisia atrocity 'much loved and missed by many'.
Christopher and Sharon Bell, who died in the Tunisia beach massacre.
Family and friends have paid glowing tribute to a "much loved" couple from Leeds who were killed in the Tunisia beach massacre.
Christopher and Sharon Bell, of Killingbeck, were yesterday confirmed among 38 people killed by gunman Seifeddine Rezgui in the resort of Sousse on Friday.
The couple are believed to leave three children and a number of grandchildren.
In a statement, the family said: "We are deeply saddened by the loss of both mum Sharon and dad Christopher, who were taken from us during the terrorist attacks in Tunisia.
"Currently we have very little information surrounding the circumstances of the tragedy and we are working with the authorities to gather as much information as possible.
Mrs Bell had worked as a domiciliary care manager for Horsforth-based Avanta Care for the last couple of years.
Company bosses took the decision to close the office yesterday as shocked staff struggled to come to terms with what had happened.
Business development manager Craig Roberts said he broke down in tears when the couple's son, Jonathan, contacted him to break the news.
Mr Roberts told the Yorkshire Evening Post: "Sharon is going to be very sadly missed by all of our clients and colleagues.
Mr Roberts said it was not clear if the office would reopen today.
Mr Bell worked in the ticket office at Leeds City Station.
Northern Rail HR director Adrian Thompson said: "We were deeply shocked and saddened to hear that our colleague Christopher Bell and his wife Sharon were among those killed in terrorist attacks in Tunisia.
Mrs Bell was a customer of Tan Express in Crossgates.
Mr and Mrs Bell were among as many as 30 Britons killed by 23-year-old student Rezgui.
News of their deaths came as eight victims were flown back to the UK.
Tunisian authorities are questioning several suspected associates of Rezgui, who had links to the terror group Islamic State.
They have said he acted alone during the rampage but had accomplices who supported him before, providing him with weapons and logistical support.
A minute's silence will be held in memory of the victims at noon on Friday, a week after the outrage.
Flags are expected to be flown at half-mast over government departments and Buckingham Palace that day.
Leeds East MP Richard Burgon said he was shocked and saddened by news of the deaths of Mr and Mrs Bell.
"My thoughts – and the thoughts of people across our area – are with the family and friends of Mr and Mrs Bell," he said.
"This unspeakable tragedy will have affected so many lives here in East Leeds.


text:
United States 9 (%)
Netherlands 1 (%)
University of Alabama 9 (%)
Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics 1 (%)
Landheer, Bart 9 (%)
Beijer, G. 3 (%)
Brink, T. 3 (%)
Oudegeest, J. J. 3 (%)
Mind and Society 9 (%)
Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands Some Quantitative Aspects of Future Population Development in the Netherlands 4 (%)
Social Sciences [x] 13 (%)
Sociology, general 9 (%)
Migration 4 (%)
Front Matter - Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands Some Quantitative Aspects of Future Population Development in the Netherlands
Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands Some Quantitative Aspects of Future Population Development in the Netherlands (1952-01-01): 3 , January 01, 1952
By Beijer, G.; Oudegeest, J. J.; Brink, T.
Front Matter - Mind and Society
Mind and Society (1952-01-01) , January 01, 1952
By Landheer, Bart
Some Quantitative Aspects of the Future Population Development in the Netherlands
Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands Some Quantitative Aspects of Future Population Development in the Netherlands (1952-01-01) 3: 41-58 , January 01, 1952
By Brink, T.
The term "population problem" is frequently used, generally in the sense of a strain resulting from the unbalanced relation between total population and the means of subsistence available to it. Any attempt to find the solution to this problem has to be based on the principle that the population problem cannot be solved in a laboratory.
Mind and Society
Epistemological Observations on Sociological Thought
Mind and Society (1952-01-01): 1-14 , January 01, 1952
There is an increasing tendency in contemporary social thought to operate with a concept of reality that is accepted as a working hypothesis, although this hypothesis is but rarely stated and even less frequently analyzed in all its implications. It is often assumed that this reality corresponds to the findings of factual and statistical investigations, and that the methods employed-which are largely quantitative ones-create a picture of this reality which in itself possesses a certain objectivity and does not have to be translated into a theory. The mere fact that certain things occur in a majority of cases is assumed to give them a claim to acceptance as "natural occurrences" which derive their justification from the fact of their existence.
Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands Some Quantitative Aspects of Future Population Development in the Netherlands
The Philosophic Anthropology of Max Scheler
Mind and Society (1952-01-01): 54-69 , January 01, 1952
If a certain rhythm can be detected in social thought, the signs seem to indicate that we are at present in a period which shows a strong desire for stabilisation and simplification. This trend has become particularly obvious in anthropology which operates more and more directly with the concept of the human organism as the basic and ultimate force in human society. As all highly generalized concepts, it is an easily misleading one which has semantic implications that are frequently insufficiently realized.
Bibliographical Note
Mind and Society (1952-01-01): 109-112 , January 01, 1952
Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands
Some Aspects of Migration Problems in the Netherlands Some Quantitative Aspects of Future Population Development in the Netherlands (1952-01-01) 3: 1-40 , January 01, 1952
By Beijer, G.; Oudegeest, J. J.
This study is intended to give a limited survey of population problems in the Netherlands. In it, "overpopulation" is taken as the situation resulting from an increase in the population that has produced, temporarily or permanently, an unbalance between the nation's labour force and its economic potentialities 1). Or, in slightly different terms, a country may be described as "overpopulated" when "the means of subsistence are no longer adequate to ensure everyone a livelihood commensurate with the standard of living of the population as a whole or of similar populations" 2). The solution to overpopulation must be predominantly through political means, and the economic, social, technical, and cultural aspects of population increase may not be underrated; but this study is concerned primarily with migration as a solution to overpopulation.
Observations on Social Theory
Towards the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century, there raged a bitter epistemological struggle about the distinction between the exact and the social sciences. This conflict has somewhat subsided and the opinion has become prevalent that the difference is one of degree rather than one of an absolute quality. Although this has led to a more unified epistemological approach, certain differences remain which receive perhaps less attention than they deserve.


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I have been MIA for a moment. Why, you ask? (well, you probably didn't, but I am going to tell you anyways!) After pipes burst in the home that I had been renting, the lower level flooded – which forced our family into moving and changes faster than we expected. So, it has been a crazy month!
First, do you know where your water shut-off is? If not, you should go find out! 45 minutes of constant water is a lot of friggin water! We rallied together to save as much as we could and then worked together to clean up as much as we could afterwards. Then, we were told that it couldn't be repaired in a timely manner and we should find another place to live. Talk about not planned for!
Well, we managed to secure three locations. The boys went west to a house they rented. My daughter went south to an apartment she found. My youngest daughter and I went slightly north into an apartment. And my meltdown happened somewhere in the middle.
When your children leave home, I always thought it would be one child at a time. I was hit with three kids leaving all at once and moving into a place with only two of us left. I cried driving back from dropping a load off at my boys' new place. When they caught up to me at home, they asked me what was wrong and then I lost it again. It dawned on me somewhere in the middle of all that time that I had lived with these kids for 20+ years of my life. How do you live with three people for that long and then they are suddenly gone from your home?
Since then, I have listened to their struggles as they carve their own way with their new homes. I have talked to them about the power in the "Ramen Noodle moments". We all have had them, haven't we? Well, mine was Banquet Pot Pie moments, but you get the picture.
This weekend, was the first time in weeks that I could sit down and take it all in. Kylie and I have had our relationship dynamic change – for the better. It's actually been nice to have the time with her and forging together building a new home to live in and figuring out what our day-to-day life looks like now. We've also noted the quiet. Seems odd sometimes to have so much quiet. The dog was lost at first, but I think he has figured out this is home now, too.
So, while I was going to make this a long entry, I just sit here thinking – wow – how life can change so quickly. Kids grow and all of this "working mom guilt", it ends up being a moment in the wind in the grand scheme of things. The kids end up ok. Really. The one thing I have heard so many times over the last few weeks is "Mom, you did this and took care of 5 people all by yourself. I know I can do this and take care of me." Now THAT tells me that the kids watching me work and take care of business did nothing but teach them they can do anything! So proud of them all!
My mother was a single parent and as hard as it was it taught me that I could take care of myself as well. You did a good job. Give yourself a big pat on the back!


text:
« Download books in djvu format Monstruosa Sorpresa - Free books free download pdf Explorer Academy: The »
Free pdf textbook download Conflagration: How the Transcendentalists Sparked the American Struggle for Racial, Gender, and Social Justice
Par castello tonja le vendredi, février 26 2021, 12:42 - Lien permanent
Conflagration: How the Transcendentalists Sparked the American Struggle for Racial, Gender, and Social Justice by John A. Buehrens, Jeff Zinn
Conflagration: How the Transcendentalists Sparked the American Struggle for Racial, Gender, and Social Justice
John A. Buehrens, Jeff Zinn
Publisher: Beacon Press
Download Conflagration: How the Transcendentalists Sparked the American Struggle for Racial, Gender, and Social Justice
A dramatic retelling of the story of the Transcendentalists, revealing them not as isolated authors but as a community of social activists who shaped progressive American values. Conflagration illuminates the connections between key members of the Transcendentalist circle—including James Freeman Clarke, Elizabeth Peabody, Caroline Healey Dall, Elizabeth Stanton, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Theodore Parker, and Margaret Fuller—who created a community dedicated to radical social activism. These authors and activists laid the groundwork for democratic and progressive religion in America. In the tumultuous decades before and immediately after the Civil War, the Transcendentalists changed nineteenth-century America, leading what Theodore Parker called "a Second American Revolution." They instigated lasting change in American society, not only through their literary achievements but also through their activism: transcendentalists fought for the abolition of slavery, democratically governed churches, equal rights for women, and against the dehumanizing effects of brutal economic competition and growing social inequality. The Transcendentalists' passion for social equality stemmed from their belief in spiritual friendship—transcending differences in social situation, gender, class, theology, and race. Together, their fight for justice changed the American sociopolitical landscape. They understood that none of us can ever fulfill our own moral and spiritual potential unless we care about the full spiritual and moral flourishing of others.
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HOW THE TRANSCENDENTALISTS SPARKED THE AMERICAN STRUGGLE FOR RACIAL, GENDER, AND SOCIAL JUSTICE. by John A.


T. he Interior Edge is built on the unique design abilities of Joanne Riley, A.S.I.D.. These abilities are both learned and intrinsic. Many years of design training, worldwide travel, and self development inform Joanne's designs.
Kati Curtis Design is a full service, New York City interior design firm specializing in classic design with a global influence. Whether designing residential or commercial spaces, KCD has built a reputation on achieving highly individual results for a discerning, international clientele.
High Rise Design // December 11, 2009 Estimating a Renovation Budget in NYC Part 2 – Office Fit-Out. The past few days I've been working with a potential client who is leasing some prime office space here in Manhattan on Madison Ave.
I swear TV weathermen are 95% certain to be gay. Don't know what attracts the 'mos to that job but it's like the new hairdresser or interior decorator stereotype.
This entry was posted on Sunday, February 12th, 2012 at 6:41 am and is filed under diy, House Painting CT, Interior.You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
The Upper East Side is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City, between Central Park/Fifth Avenue, 59th Street, the East River, and 96th Street. The area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods, including Lenox Hill, Carnegie Hill, and Yorkville.Once known as the Silk Stocking District, it is now one of the most affluent neighborhoods in New York City.


text:
A Double Standard on Tax Compliance
Home / blog / A Double Standard on...
Chuck Marr
House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Paul Ryan suggested recently that Congress should expand the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) for childless adults and non-custodial parents and fully offset the cost by reducing EITC overpayments. But he and other House Republicans voted today to permanently extend an expensive small-business tax break without offsetting the cost, such as by requiring any improved compliance in that part of the tax code — where the rates of error and loss to the Treasury far outstrip those for the EITC. The IRS estimates that a stunning 56 percent of business income that individual returns should have reported went unreported in 2006, the latest year for which these data are available.
These developments highlight an egregious double standard in how lawmakers view tax compliance, depending on whether low-income working families or small businesses are at issue.
During a Ways and Means Committee hearing, Ryan praised the EITC's proven effectiveness in promoting work and reducing poverty and alluded to his proposal to expand the tiny EITC for childless workers — the lone group that the federal tax code actually taxes into (or deeper into) poverty and a group that needs the EITC's pro-work income boost and incentives. Ryan's proposal to expand the childless workers' EITC is nearly identical to one from the President, which would seem to make it ripe for bipartisan legislative action.
But Chairman Ryan seemed to suggest the need to generate offsetting savings within the EITC to pay, on a dollar-for-dollar basis, for the EITC change. To be sure, Congress can and should take important steps to reduce EITC errors, including: 1) providing the IRS more adequate funding for enforcement; 2) giving the IRS the authority to regulate paid tax preparers to ensure they meet basic competency standards (a majority of EITC errors occur on commercially prepared returns); and 3) enacting a battery of measures the Treasury has proposed to reduce EITC errors. Yet Congress has cut IRS enforcement funding heavily since 2010. It also has failed to approve the Administration's request to empower the IRS to take steps to significantly reduce errors by commercial tax preparers.
Further, the Joint Tax Committee is understandably cautious about "scoring" various measures to reduce errors on tax returns, whether they concern the EITC or other parts of the tax code. The combined scored savings from all known legislative proposals to lower EITC errors fall well short of the costs of expanding the EITC for childless workers. This raises a concern that lawmakers could propose measures to cut the EITC for honest low-income working families and misleadingly promote them as cutting "fraud, waste and abuse" when that's not what they would do. Sadly, some members of Congress have done just that in the past.
The small-business legislation that the House approved today would make permanent a generous tax break (known as "Section 179" expensing) for certain small-business investments. Business income on individual tax returns is, by far, the largest source of tax non-compliance with, as noted above, an estimated 56 percent of this income unreported in 2006. This resulted in an estimated tax gap of $122 billion, more than four times the gap due to all individual income tax credits (including the EITC).
A dollar is a dollar, whether it's spent subsidizing small businesses or supplementing the wages of a low-wage worker striving to get a toehold in the economy. Policymakers should work to improve compliance throughout the tax code. And they should stop applying double standards to the effort.
House Republicans Pushing More Expensive Tax Cuts
House GOP Restarts Effort to Make "Tax Extenders" Permanent
Obama Budget Would Restore Much-Needed IRS Funding
Federal Budget, Federal Tax, Budget Plans, Personal Taxes, Business Taxes, Working Family Tax Credits
Support for Home Visiting Programs Slated to Expire
In Case You Missed It . . .
Director of Federal Tax Policy


text:
Quick links... High School Sports Friday Night Football Saints UL Sports High School Senior Spotlight
SportsSaints
Bridgewater signs one-year deal with Saints
Posted: 10:57 PM, Mar 14, 2019
By: Michael Carter
(KATC) — Quarterback Teddy Bridgewater will remain with the New Orleans Saints after finalizing a one-year deal worth $7.25 million fully guaranteed, according to NFL Network insider Ian Rapoport.
The deal reportedly has a maximum value of $12.5 million. Bridgewater inked the new deal after returning from a visit with the Miami Dolphins without a contract offer.
The Saints backup quarterback played in one game for New Orleans in 2018.