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Elena Ferrante's Naples Tetralogy
From the chaos of history (n) and of life, literature extracts its own world – a formed, an ordered world? And what does this world have to do with that life? An old question that has always been answered, weighted and interpreted again and again. In Elena Ferrante's "saga" about the narrator Elena Greco, who is called Lenù or Lenuccia, and Raffaella Cerullo, Lina or Lila, this question is repeatedly taken up. Above all, Lila, the "ingenious friend" Elena, sets the awareness of deformability and fragility of all forms and contours – of things and people – existentially.
In the fourth volume, it is the 1980 earthquake in Naples that once again seizes her fear of chaos and disintegration. This fear triggers a horror in Lila, which she tries to counteract throughout her life, from earliest youth. She and Elena took refuge in their car after the first earthquakes, where Lila begins to describe and explain to the girlfriend her horror.
She [Lila] clutched my hand even tighter, gesticulating. Said that the contours of people and things are very weak, they could tear like a string. Whispering, for them it had always been like that, something loses its contours and rain on something else, everything is a single dissolution of different substances, a mixing and -mixing. She screamed that she had always had a hard time believing that life had solid edges, because from an early age she had known that was not true – it was absolutely not true – and therefore she could not rely on their tear and impact resistance.
And she foreshadows the most frightening and eponymous event of the fourth volume: "Nothing lasts, Lenù, even the child here in my stomach" – Lila is just pregnant like Elena – "seems to stay, but it does not stay."
With the translation of the fourth volume, the last part of the tetralogy is now available in German. Until the last movement, one succumbs to the torrent of narrative, one is packed and deeply moved by the exciting as well as shocking, sometimes disturbing story of Elena and Lila, the story of her extraordinary friendship. At no point – this is one of the numerous tricks of the text – one can foresee how things will continue; while the tempo of the story on the 2200 pages of the tetralogy is held to the end. This is certainly also due to the excellent translation by Karin Krieger. "Ferrante pulls you through her text like a locomotive", she herself said in an interview with the Süddeutsche Zeitung (22.07.2017), "you have to emulate that in German, in both big and little". Although it is not possible in German to reproduce the difference between the often crude Neapolitan dialect and Italian high-level language, the language levels that mark the distance between the two worlds in which the characters of the novel move, the distance between them, are also audible in the translation the world of Rione, a poor district of Naples where Elena and Lila grew up, where violence and brutality prevail, and the world of educated and literate Elena, through her studies and marriage to young university professor Pietro Airota ,
The German criticism has had much to complain about in this last volume. For many a critic, the plot was too lengthy in this last part, too trivial, even disappointing, especially with regard to the first three volumes. Only a bitter old woman is left over from the ingenious Lila, it is said, and the description of the relationship between Elena and her childhood sweetheart Nino – who is finally unmasked by the enamored Elena as a notorious raccoon hunter – was too exuberant , But is that really the essence of this last band said?
Hardly likely. For only if one hangs by the letter, on the surface of the action, one can arrive at such judgments. This includes the accusation that the book is too conventionally told, as it was already said about the first volume. From such an angle, one does not grasp what constitutes this work and its world-literary rank. It would never have celebrated such a success worldwide, could trigger such a "fever", if the author alone could tell an exciting plot, more or less peppy, as well as psychologically cleverly designed figures. There is much more in the work.
It is the story of a friendship that finds its decision with the fourth volume, and yet the entire novel is much more than 'just the story of a friendship': Ferrante's tetralogy is also a novel about writing and its conditions, about possibility and Impossibility of literature, of inspiration and of the precarious status of the writing subject – it is also "the history of authorship", as Ernst Osterkamp aptly said in the period on 3 February 2017 on the occasion of the publication of the second volume. In doing so, the author uses a well-known narrative pattern – as a female variant – back: the first-person narrator tries to talk about her "ingenious" genius. – To clarify her friend and her lifelong relationship with her by writing down their story together. She does this at the moment when her friend, at the age of 66, has disappeared without a trace and – as you will find out in the last volume – will probably never return.
The writing situation is reminiscent of that in Thomas Mann's Doctor Faustus (1947), in which Serenus Zeitblom, always plagued by self-doubt but occasionally envy, tells the story of his ingenious friend, the musician Adrian Leverkühn, who makes a pact for the sake of inspiration with the devil. It is not by chance that Elena Ferrante prefaces her tetralogy with a quotation from the "Prologue in Heaven" from Goethe's Faust as a motto: "Man's activity can all too easily go to sleep." He soon loves unconditional peace. / Drum I like to give him to the journeyman, / The irritates and works and must create as a devil ". In addition, one thinks of Wilhelm Raabes The Files of the Vogelsang (1896), which authored the Upper Government Karl Krumhardt to the story of his genial childhood friend Andres Velten and thus, above all, to be able to process for themselves, always in the knowledge that he will never fully grasp its abysmal genius.
It is no coincidence that Osterkamp classifies the narrative process of this work into "the tradition of the great realistic novels of the 19th century" – admittedly "by ineffectually overriding all traditional authorship concepts". Because a stable or a singular writing ego no longer exists. As a writer, Elena always relies on Lila: the girlfriend since childhood, who can charge everything that happens around her with deep meanings. However, she is not only the source of Elena's inspiration, the one that incites and tempts Elena, her views and writing, as the "spirit that always denies", but also those who co-write on her text – not directly and actively, but by being a part of herself, influencing her, being there, living and acting within her, almost as her alter ego .
Elena's relationship with Lila is full of tensions right from the beginning; Love and hate, fascination and envy, the longing for closeness and the desire for the greatest possible distance alternate and mix, never is it one without the other. This is how Elena and Lila's identities intermingle, so that even at the end, when she wrote down her story, the first-person narrator can not shake off the panic that Lila is "in her words". At first she calms down: "That's just what I was able to capture." But: "Unless I can not tell what's mine anymore and what's about her because I always imagined what she would have written and how. "So also Elena threatens the fear of their own dissolution: With her, it is a fear of their own invisibility, not-being as a writer or better: before being dominated by another, for them – although entirely without higher education – better, smarter, more beautiful, ingenious than she is herself. Her entire life, her entire successful educational path can be read as an attempt to counteract this fear.
This leads to the first-person narrator again and again injustices and dishonesties against Lila. Elena does not always manage to separate her feelings of envy from the harsh circumstances in which Lila spends most of her life at Rione. Lila has to accept much heavier fatalities from an early age than she does. She retains her secondary education despite her extraordinary intelligence from her parents; her marriage to Stefano Carracci begins with a brutal rape. She struggles a long time as a worker in a sausage factory, constantly exposed to sexual violence by men; Finally, she mysteriously loses her second child, Tina, her and Enzo's daughter, who is her very close to her: four-year-old Tina suddenly disappeared from the street she was playing on. Lila, who has been frightened of what she calls "dissolution" from an early age, experiences painfully, as a loss of the beloved child, how the forms actually dissolve into nothingness and never return. This almost drives her mad, to the extreme limits of her own ego – which she finally, at the end of the fourth volume, expands into the deliberately chosen and long-announced own dissolution. Where Lila has stayed remains a mystery until the end.
Only one thing seems a bit exaggerated in the overall view: all the unreliable male figures. So almost none of the men who appear have a character one could rely on only to a degree. Also Osterkamp has stated in his time criticism that the men in Ferrantes novel "all with their helpless waving macho and their blind outbreaks of violence or – the student variant – their experienceless squadron" all pitiable figures. In fact, almost all men are chauvinistic, impulsive and lying, almost always violent. The girls are supported only by teachers and mothers, never by men – Lila's father Fernando even throws his daughter out of the window when she asks permission to attend high school. The only exception is Enzo, the partner of Lila and father of their daughter Tina. He is the only man in this tetralogy who is loyal, reliable and with integrity, recognizing and loving his companion with her ingenious demonic stubbornness. Nevertheless, his relationship with Lila breaks up as well. It is likely that the author intended to make all relations with men fail in order to make the uniqueness of the friendship between Elena and Lila even more intense: in view of the existential and profound, even metaphysical, meaning of their friendship, Their relationships with men as well as other people, even their own children, should fade and remain episodes. That's consistent, but psychologically maybe a bit over-motivated.
All the more convincing, more disturbing is the conclusion: Lila has wiped herself out – not by killing herself, but by letting herself and all her objects and photos disappear, leaving no trace of her self. She had repeatedly expressed her wish for extinction; When Elena, contrary to her promise never to write about the disappearance of Tina, Lilas' little daughter, does just that and makes a story titled Make a Friendship Out of It (and has great success with it), makes Lila serious about this wish. The first-person narrator only keeps the two dolls from her childhood, Tina, as Lila's doll was called, and Nu, as her own was named, that one day lie on the mailbox of her apartment in Turin. "I immediately recognized the dolls that had been thrown into a cellar hole in the Rione nearly six decades in a row – mine by Lila, Lilas of mine" (with this scene the story of Lila and Elena's friendship begins in the first volume) "It really was the dolls that we did not find, even though we had gone down to search for them." The evil Don Achille, who took away the dolls down there – it seemed like Elena -, but this had not admitted they had given them money to buy new ones. "But we had not bought dolls with this money – how could we have replaced Tina and Nu? – We had bought Betty and her sisters , the novel that had made Lila write The Blue Fairy , and made me become what I am today, the author of many books and above all a very successful narrative titled A Friendship . "Whether Lila returns with the two dolls Elena also their mutual friendship and thus not only the first, but also the last word of their common history retains or whether they the indissoluble, in a form brought connection one last time confirmed forever in the symbol of their dolls, remains completely open. The first-person narrator only knows: "Unlike in the stories, true life, when it's over, does not bow to the light, but to the darkness. I thought, 'Now that Lila has been so clear, I have to resign myself to not seeing her anymore.' "
"Without the voices of others, I can not think, let alone write," says author Elena Ferrante in the book on My Written Life , which finally appears in German in June, which she names in the top title with a word from the Neapolitan dialect: Frantumaglia which means fragmentation and indissoluble confusion. Meanwhile, in her tetralogy, she has been able to give voice to the bewildering fragmentation of life, a figure and structure, and thus a meaning, and the sheer immense, fullness of life – a language so profound, so alive, so authentic is like all the characters that populate this book. Not only does she design a magnificent panorama of Naples, but she also shows how closely connected everything is, how the world of Rione resembles, for example, the educated world: in the end, they all belong together and relate to each other, just like Elena and purple. Thus, language proves to be the (only) means against chaos, against dissolution and extinction: Lila and the seemingly threatening world are literature, have become form.
Highly recommended is the audiobook, which the actress Eva Mattes has expertly read; She has received the Special Prize of the German Audiobook Award 2018 for this. She manages to immerse listeners in the world and atmosphere of Elena and Lila; It gives each character – in the large arsenal of characters a great challenge – their own voice. At the same time Eva Mattes has said with the smartest about the end of the tetralogy: "I think this end is so great that brings the whole story again in a moment."
Posted in Books, ReviewsTagged Elena Ferrante, Naples Tetralogy
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GREAT LOCATION ON BUSY UNIVERSITY DRIVE, JUST NORTH OF GRIFFIN ROAD, NEAR HIGHWAYS. DYNAMIC GROWTH IN AREA, INCL PROPOSED LARGE NEW SHOPPING CENTER DIRECTLY ACROSS STREET. WELL MAINTAINED PROPERTY. NEW ROOF APX 5 YEARS AGO. PARKING LOT RECENTLY RENOVATED. TREMENDOUS UPSIDE POTENTIAL - CURRENT RENT BELOW MARKET SINCE CENTER OCCUPIED BY SAME TENANTS FOR MANY YEARS. MULTIPLE SHOPPING CENTERS AND RESTAURANTS IN THE AREA.
***A PRIME PIECE OF REAL ESTATE LOCATED IN THE "GRIFFIN CORRIDOR DISTRICT WEST GATEWAY (WGZ)" IN DAVIE!!!*** TOTALING 1.75 ACRES, COMPRISED OF TWO LOTS, THE LAND USE DESIGNATION OF COMMERCIAL INCLUDES BUT NOT LIMITED TOO; MEDICAL, BANK, MULTI-FAMILY, ETC. IDEAL LOCATION FOR TOWNHOUSE/CONDOS/LOFTS WITH EXCELLENT EXPOSURE ALONG GRIFFIN ROAD. ENDLESS POSSIBILITIES FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT W/EASY ACCESS TO NOVA UNIVERSITY. WALKING DISTANCE TO ALL AMENITIES IN THE DOWNTOWN DAVIE WESTERN DISTRICT.
Great for Professional/Administrative/Medical/Dental Laboratories/Warehouse-storage!!! Private offices for sale!!! Rare opportunity to own over 1,148 SQFT of your own space! Sale includes the purchase of Suites #207 and #208. Each suite has its own entrance, bathroom, A/C and Electrical panel, can very easily divide the space for occupancy or rental. Units with extra windows to provide bright and open office and hurricane protection, conference room, private restroom, elevator access Great return on investment (leasing permitted), as each unit's montly condo fee is ONLY $110 per month. Condo fee includes the building insurance, maintenace of the outside areas, and all build repairs. Turnkey opportunity for investors seeking higher rates of return.
Great opportunity to own this professional space right in the heart of Davie. Move-in ready, corner unit with lots of natural light. This unique property has a great potential and functionality. Ideal for and attorney, doctor, insurance, accountant, e.t.c. Features a waiting receptionist/secretarial area, bathroom, nice size conference/training room and one large private office. Title floors Throughout nicely done. Building has an elevator with lobby area. Building has good on-site parking and great visibility. Great proximity to all major roads and highways. Space is vacant and is waiting for your business!!
Great opportunity to purchase a 2 unit package directly from the bank. Previously used as medical office, the space includes 3 bathrooms and patient rooms with plenty of electric and extra plumbing. All tile floors with several offices w/waiting rm Includes the following units: #207 and #208 Excellent location close to the tunrpike.
Peruvian Restaurant for sale in Davie. Located in busy strip plaza with heavy traffic and good parking. This authentic Peruvian Bistro has Beer & Wine license in place. Full Kitchen with gas. Name not is included in the sale, but this restaurant is well known for it authentic Peruvian Cuisine. Ideal restaurant for owner operator. Owner willing to train and support new buyers for a smooth transition. Strong financials and experience required for landlords approval and possible concept change if desired. Turn key Restaurant business opportunity. Sold as asset sale" In an effort to respect the privacy of the owner and patrons, please refrain from contacting any of the employees or owners. Confidentiality agreement required.
Beautifully Upgraded Beauty Salon right on University Dr. with Heavy Traffic more than 40,000 Daily Commuters. 5 nail stations & 5 pedicure stations. Private room for waxing facials or massages. Low Monthly Rent! Very easy to show call us at any time WE PICK UP! See HD Video in Virtual tour tab.
International Shipping Business, now serving Colombia, Panama. Well established clientele for over 5 years.
Former Tire Kingdom location highly visible from I 595. 4300 sq. ft. available. Hydraulic lifts, bay doors, reception area.
Heavy Industrial zoning M-4 Davie. Permitted outdoor work and storage! Building has small office area including reception area and two large offices & kitchenette. Warehouse area has 5 overhead doors 11.5 x 12 and heavy power. CBS building with twin-T roof structure. Yard has some covered work areas. Ample space for fabrication. Can be combined with 3500 SW 50th Avenue for over an acre of land and another small office building. Turnpike exposure. Offices have just been painted and new tile installed. Very large open yard for storage or fabrication. Open work area permitted here. The most liberal zoning in Broward County. Entire property is fenced and gated.
Contractor / Storage yard. OLD HACIENDA M-4 ZONING! Davie. Property has a 1,400 square foot building suitable for office / staff area. Building has one full bathroom, and two 1/2 bathrooms. Entire property is fenced. Outside storage and work is permitted here. Please NO MECHANICAL'S. While permitted, ownership will not consider. Lease only! May be combined with property to the East for over 1 acre and an additional 2,800 square foot warehouse building. All M-4 zoning. Some exposure to the Florida Turnpike. LEASE ONLY $6,500.00 Monthly plus applicable sales and use tax.
This is a luxurious office and warehouse space with high-end features. The office is approximately 1500 sqft with wood floorings; including a loft, conference room, and luxurious kitchen and bathroom. The warehouse is approximately 3500 sqft with custom vinyl marble flooring; including a bathroom and shower accommodated with A/C, air compressor. Rental space has ample parking and a video monitoring security system.
THIS IS A MUST SEE!!! "Deluxe Office Space" of 1,970 SF for Lease at Industrial Complex (595 Corporate Park of Commerce) with marble floors, glass and wood partitions, with extra tall internal doors with great layout which includes reception area and lobby, 8 offices (Manager Office with Private Bathroom, 2 Private Offices, 1 open Office, 4 semi Private Desks), 2 ADA compliant bathrooms (W/M), kitchenette area, conference room and storage area, high Impact windows, security camera, sound and alarm systems, custom made Italian furniture included in the lease. Great location fronting I-595"
One of the most populous towns in Broward County, Davie lays claims to be a principal city in the Miami Metropolitan area. Spread over an area of 35.7 sq miles, this is one of the largest towns in the country by area as well.
Having a reputation of being a Western town, you can still see some glimpses of the Wild West architecture in this city. One of the best places to study in Florida, this city is home to some of the premier colleges and universities in the county.
Politically, Davie has a reputation of being a peaceful town, a far cry from the 1970s when it had a reputation of being inhospitable to the Jews. At one point in time, people believed that this city was the seat of the Ku Klux Klan in South Florida. Today, they have sorted out the matter beautifully with a thriving Jewish community making Davie their home.
You get the chance to have a lot of recreation in this busy township with the Flamingo gardens and the Miami Dolphins Training Facility. With a thriving economy, you have very low unemployment levels in the area. With a population of more than a 100 thousand people, this area is more populous than any other city in the county. However, you have cast swathes of vacant land thereby providing a lot of scope for construction activities.
Investing in real estate is a positive thing to do for people who wish to have decent education because of the presence of some high-quality schools. Climate wise, this place is no different from the rest of the areas in the vicinity. This means that the climate is perfectly conducive for augmenting the growth of real estate.
Home to some top quality sportsmen, this place provides ample opportunities to excel in sports like baseball, American football, and professional wrestling.


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N K Sandars
N. K. Sandars studied, soon after the war, with Professor Gordon Childe at the Institute of Archaeology, University of London, and took the diploma of the Institute. She continued to work at Oxford, taking a B.Litt. degree in the prehistory of Europe, and thereafter she worked on the prehistory of the Aegean, receiving a studentship at St. Hugh's College, Oxford, a scholarship from Oxford University and a travelling prize from the University of Liverpool. She has travelled extensively in Europe and in the Near and Middle East, and has taken part in excavations in the British Isles and overseas. She has contributed article to various journals and is the author of Bronze Age Cultures in France, Prehistoric Art in Europe, Poems of Heaven and Hell from Ancient Mesopotamia, and The Sea Peoples. She is a fellow the British Academy and of the Society of Antiquaries of London and a corresponding member of the German Archaeological Institute.
Most Popular books By N K Sandars
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Employer Will Pay $3.5 Million For Alleged Pregnancy Discrimination Featured
Super User 11 December 2018
The Cato Corporation, a leading retailer of women's fashion and accessories, has agreed to pay $3.5 million to resolve a nationwide, systemic investigation conducted jointly out of the Chicago and Philadelphia Offices of the
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The Cato Corporation, based in Charlotte, N.C., has also agreed to update its reasonable accommodation policies to ensure there is no discrimination against pregnant employees or those with disabilities. According to the EEOC's investigation, The Cato Corporation denied reasonable accommodations to certain pregnant employees or those with disabilities, made certain employees take unpaid leaves of absence, and/or terminated them because of their disabilities.
The agreement between EEOC and The Cato Corporation provides for a claims process to distribute the $3.5 million to Cato employees who were terminated due to their pregnancy or disabilities. The Cato Corporation has also agreed to revise its employment policies to more fully consider whether medical restrictions of its pregnant employees or those with disabilities can be reasonably accommodated. The Cato Corporation will also conduct companywide training for over 10,000 of its employees and report to the EEOC periodically for three years on its responses to requests for reasonable accommodation by pregnant employees or those with disabilities.
"Giving employees a job modification that allows them to continue working can be a critical reasonable accommodation for pregnant women or people with disabilities when they really need that paycheck," said EEOC Chicago District Director Julianne Bowman. For more information read here.
More in this category: « DFEH Announces New Online Harassment Training Resources For Employers	Legislation Proposed In California To Expand The Statute of Limitations For Harassment Claims »


Being one of the most significant cost parameters while operating vessels, fuel consumption and the lowering of the same is a must win battle for ship operators. We know the importance of having a systematic approach towards energy savings and how important it is to keep focus.
Energy consumption is being affected by almost all decisions linked to shipping which also is the reason for that a holistic approach towards energy management is sufficient. Energy assessments can tell you what areas that need attention and which measures or behaviour changes that pays off. In the end there is very much a combination of being systematic and to keep focus on energy saving over time that makes the difference.
Over time, GoTa Ship Management has taken an active role in development and introduction of new technology and research related to the ship energy management field. We have been early adopters of flow metering of fuel consumption as well as the development of on board it support system.
Scheduled monitoring and cleaning of hull, propellers and rudder.
Regular energy assessments including follow up on which technical conversions or changes that would be sufficient to carry out.
Continuous monitoring of engine performance and engine diagnostics.
Keeping Ship Energy Efficiency Plans (SEEMP) updated and relevant.
Bunker monitoring with regular feedback to all involved parties.


This Jaguar E-Type was produced at the end of 1964 and registered in America for the first time in 1965. It is therefore an early copy of the popular 4.2 with its improved brakes, seats, gearbox etc. The most wanted version!
This car is in moving condition and can therefore be used with some work. We also have the option to restore it and to provide it with all possible upgrades. Currently equipped with a polyester bonnet, but we also have a metal copy available (for an additional charge).
Ask about the possibilities, we are happy to talk to you to build the perfect E-Type for you.


Standard galvanized earth anchor is made by Q235/Q235B/Q345. The surface treatment is powder coated or hot dipped galvanized so that honde earth anchors is no rust, no corrode, no chip, no peel. Ground earth anchor can be used for multiple purposes as swing set anchor to hold down tents into the ground, tent hook for all sides of a tent. Galvanized earth anchors are enough strong to hold down framed structures, such as sheds, car ports, gazebos, travel trailers, kid's swing sets, slides, campers, fencing and fence posts.
Hebei Honde Industrial Trade Imp&Exp Co., Ltd in Hebei province of China and established in 2002. We are manufacturer and exporter of ground screw, household foundations, professional foundations, solar foundations, pile driver, post anchor, earth anchor, Beach Umbrella anchor and solar mounting system.
Company Name: Hebei Honde Industrial Trade Imp&Exp Co., Ltd.


The Common Wood-Nymph Butterfly is a gorgeous creature.
Perhaps this short post will give someone a laugh. My husband and I both love putting jigsaw puzzles together – when we have time. This is Theadore the teddy bear helping.
I have tried for a long time to capture a hummingbird hovering. I finally did, but it was not the perfect photo I wished. But then how hard is it to capture a hummingbird at all.
Capturing this foggy sunrise was a much easier task. It amazes me how fog can make the sun look as if it were the moon.
This big eyed fly on my Mexican Sunflower sat perfectly still and let me snap a close up.
An early morning sunrise. I thought the clouds in the lower part of this sunrise were quite beautiful.
I chased this squirrel away from my apple tree. He ran a short distance and jumped into another tree.
This little pest was back in a short amount of time – stealing apples.
The bumblebees seem to be abundant in our yard anymore. They do photograph well. They totally ignore me as I shoot close up pictures.
I love reflections in water so I will leave you with this photo.
Took this photo in my backyard yesterday. Black Swallowtail Butterfly on Mexican Sunflower. What a beautiful world God has created!
I decided to plant a variety of Mexican Sunflowers. There are numerous types of these orange, red sunflowers to chose from. I chose the "Outsider Red". The bees and butterflies love these flowers. They have numerous blooms on each plant. Here are some photos I took of Mexican Sunflowers that I planted in my garden.
I am often amazed when the sun tries so hard to peek through the clouds or the morning fog. The pictures I capture often create quite beautiful scenes. This picture is early morning on a very foggy day.
I see such beauty in spider webs. When the rain or dew covers these delicate webs the beauty is enhanced. This photo was taken on a rainy morning.
The garden is covered with squash, cucumber, and melon blooms. The bumble bees love to venture to each bloom for nectar.
I have no idea what the name of this insect happens to be. It seems to like garlic blooms. I have never seen this creature in my yard before. Perhaps one of my blogger friends can name this unique insect for me.
I will leave you with the sunrise from my back yard that spread across the sky this very morning. Each sunrise contains a beauty of its own. This sunrise had an unusual array of clouds and colors, which I have never viewed in any other sunrise before. Do you suppose God did this just for my enjoyment? I will pretend that He did.
Your piercing gaze is so intense!
What message does your stare imply?
You ventured to my garden – I know not why.
Or will you soon decide – just to fly away?
It amazes me how many colorful birds God created for us to enjoy. Spring is thrilling, because of all the baby birds. A pair of Wrens built a nest in my husband's shop. A nest on a shelf, behind cans, in a small space, full of 5 eggs and then 5 babies. It took the parents 4 days to get their babies to venture into the big world.
One baby Wren left in the nest.
Here are the 5 baby Wrens huddled in the rafters of the shop.
A baby Wren on the blade of the ceiling fan.
This baby Bluebird fell out of the tree and is wondering what happened.
Seldom see this Roadrunner in my yard. This is the best shot of him I could get before he went speeding away.
Saw about 20 Indigo Buntings in my yard eating grass seed. This one has his mouth full of grass seed.
The colorful Goldfinch has evaded being captured in my camera lens until this week. This is Mr. & Mrs. Goldfinch. He would have to turn his back on me!
But then he turned around and I captured a somewhat blurry shot of his face. What a great head of hair he has.
I see that sneaky look in your eye!


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Indian travel writing: The Colour of Paradise – The Emerald In The Age of Gunpowder Empires
By Japhy Ryder on September 15, 2012 Comments Off on Indian travel writing: The Colour of Paradise – The Emerald In The Age of Gunpowder Empires
Among the astonishing array of jewels and gems left behind by the great Islamic empires, emeralds stand out for their size and prominence. For the Safavids, Mughals, and Ottomans, green was – as it remains for all Muslims – the colour of Paradise, reserved for the Prophet Muhammad and his descendants. Tapping a wide range of sources, Kris Lane traces the tangled web of global trading networks that funnelled emeralds from backland South America to bustling Asian capitals between the sixteenth and the eighteenth centuries. Lane reveals the vicious conquest wars and forced labour regimes that accompanied their production. It is a story of trade, but also of the human urge for wealth – how members of profoundly different societies at opposite ends of the globe assigned value to a few thousand pounds of imperfectly shiny green rocks.
'The hunger of some rulers for these vivid green gemstones was almost insatiable. The first East India Company merchant to visit the Mughal court at Agra (in 1610) noted that the Emperor Jahangir's emeralds weighed a total of 412 pounds – whereas his collection of diamonds weighed little more than a quarter of that, even though India was then the world's leading diamond producer.
Where had those emeralds come from? The Mughals and Persian Shahs had a three-fold classification: the very best were said to be from Egypt, the next category came from 'old mines' in Asia and the lowest quality came from 'new mines' in the Americas. But this was a fiction. Just 10 years ago, a team of mineralogists analysed the oxygen isotopes in a number of famous Mughal emeralds, and found that almost all of them were from the Americas. To be more precise, they were from the highlands of Colombia; this analysis was in fact able to identify the specific outcrops from which they had been extracted.'
From the Telegraph, April 18th
Indian travel writing: The Colour of Paradise – The Emerald In The Age of Gunpowder Empires added by Japhy Ryder on September 15, 2012
View all posts by Japhy Ryder →
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The garden is our sanctuary, our area of peace, a place for personalisation, and with roughly 90% of households owning a garden, they're a large part of Britain's landscape. With over £4 billion spent annually on our gardens, they are unfortunately a prime target for thieves, with latest statistics showing roughly 1 in 7 households has an item stolen from their garden , and more gnomes (9.6% of thefts) being stolen than credit/ debit cards (8.2%). Only last month did someone have an elephant memorial (3ft brass ornament, chained and drilled to a post) stolen from their garden – it's absurd the extreme lengths thieves go to. Therefore, it's more important than ever to prevent theft and we will show you some easy ways to do so.
One of the most common thefts are potted shrubs and trees from the front garden or door area, especially at night. Without a front gate or fence, it's easy for passers-by to take them, and being fairly common, they're even more tempting. So my advice is keep the plants and trees for your back garden, providing it's secure. You can create a gorgeous front garden area without the need for plants (and gnomes).
It's very easy for someone to enter your garden and remove an item, especially if not kept in a shed or outbuilding. For heavier items, it has been evident of people using machinery to remove such items. The best advice here is to simply lock all machinery and tools you have up, whether that be in your house or a shed. If possible, lock up the goods inside any outbuildings for extra precaution, and put a cover over them so potential passers-by can't see what goods you're storing.
Available for a reasonable low cost, CCTV and security systems are effective for two reasons; deterring and identifying. Many will be put off coming near your house if they saw a security system, with reports stating roughly 83% of burglars try to find out if there is a security system first. You could even be sneaky and put up a fake camera outside your house! If the unfortunate happens and you do experience a robbery, you have a greater chance of obtaining the thief with visual evidence.
Thieves like to climb over fences to enter the garden, especially if inaccessible from the front, so what better way to deter them than to give them a shock. Fence spikes are an easy, cheap solution which can be applied to fence tops, and are available in a number of colours (brown being a popular choice so it blends in with your fence). Thorny bushes such as holly bushes are also a nuisance for thieves, but will require more time and maintenance.
This might seem a bit obvious (or perhaps inconvenient) but research the local area, especially if you are planning to move. Is there a high crime rate? Is it a hotspot for thefts? There are plenty of tools online to help research crime statistics and you can explore theft and crime in an area . Likewise, get to know your neighbours. If you are friendly with the locals in your area, they are more likely to keep an eye on your house.
Whilst the possibility of theft is ultimately low, it's still better to safe than sorry. So follow these tips to ensure your garden is as safe as houses (excuse the terrible pun).
Amie is a marketing enthusiast, having worked at Primrose since graduating from Reading University in 2014.
She enjoys all things sport. A keen football fan, Amie follows Tottenham Hotspur FC, and regularly plays for her local 5 a side football team.
Amie also writes restaurant reviews on Barnard's Burger Blog.


I am coming to CrossFit Fireball and would love to drop-in. Can I and how much does it cost?
Numerous clients of ours have come through the doors with previous injuries or tweaks and found relief from the pain by strengthening the muscles around the problem area. All too often people neglect exercising their low back due to fear of injury. Because of this, they end up deconditioned, weak, and more susceptible to injury in the future from minor mishaps, which is usually what happens. Taking part in CrossFit will provide you a buffer so that you are less susceptible to these kinds of injuries. The movements and workouts are all completely scalable allowing anyone to take part.
CrossFit.com provides excellent programming. At CrossFit Fireball, we take the same approach with constantly varied movements and workouts. We choose to offer workouts that may be more easily scaled in group settings and address some of the needs/desires of our community. You are guaranteed to have one day/week be heavy loading to help address strength demands. We also like to provide people with a longer workout each week so they can get their "endurance" bug fed. Another approach that we have is to address weaknesses the gym may have as a whole. Things like overhead squats, Olympic lifting, or basic technique with bodyweight movements. Our philosophy is the same as HQ (constantly varied, functional movement at high intensity). We just try to meet some more specific needs of our community.
Yes, this is absolutely what we believe in. More and more research shows that shorter duration/higher intensity workouts yield higher benefits/results. Basically, it just boils down to hard work. But the truth is, the longer the effort the lower our intensity. If you run 10 miles your intensity (power output) will be lower than if you run multiple 400 meter sprints. CrossFit Fireball does go beyond 30 min on occasion, but the majority of our workouts are shorter in duration. If you have a shorter workout, you can work harder by nature which can lend to a better response, especially combined with the movements we do. No matter who you are or what workouts you do, without hard work you will not receive results, which is why we encourage you to work to the limits of your physiological and psychological tolerances.
You could just follow our blog, but you would not get the quality of teaching from our certified trainers. Most people are not taught how to move correctly and don't know how to teach themselves. You are automatically making yourself more susceptible to injury and leveling off in your gains by trying to do this on your own. It is also infinitely more fun when you are encouraged and held accountable by a group of your peers. Plus you won't have someone cheering you on in your basement or local gym, like you have at CrossFit Fireball.


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Although the project's general objective is to present the cultural and architectural heritage of Poblet Monastery, a particular dimension was added: the one of those who have had some sort of relationship, whether because they have lived in the area, worked there, or because it is one of their life's emotional landscapes. The initiative values another type of heritage: people's vital heritage. From an act of pure encounter of two stigmatized groups -the elderly and the unaccompanied young migrants- the Poblet Monastery, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, becomes the excuse for the meeting. The ultimate objective, therefore, is to highlight the importance of roots as part of a common past that allows us to move forward into the future. If the Poblet Monastery is the representation of these cultural and heritage roots, the protagonists of the activity become the representation of the human and individual roots of each person. And the need to dignify them is one of the educational messages that this project aims to convey: the importance and dignity of every human being.
English versionGreek versionERASMUS+ - KA2 ADULT EDUCATIONSCENARIO project number: 2020-1-IT02-KA204-079859 Co-funded by the ERASMUS + program of the European Union. The project's general objective is to present the cultural and architectural heritage of Saint...


Titanium Labrets with Disk Top 1.2mm Gauge has a rating of 5.0/5 stars based on 2 reviews.
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Die Veloroute 4 ist eine der 14 Velorouten in Hamburg. Sie verbindet über eine Strecke von 18,5 Kilometern die Hamburger Innenstadt über Winterhude mit Langenhorn. Die Veloroute 4 verbindet als eine Alltagsroute (im Gegensatz zu einer Radwanderroute) Ziele für die tägliche Mobilität (Pendler, Einkäufe usw.).

Die Veloroute 4 führt über verschiedene Verkehrsflächen. Darunter sind Fahrbahnen, Fahrradstraßen, Busspuren, Radwege, Radfahrstreifen und Tempo-30-Zonen.
Zur Einrichtung der Fahrradstraße im Harvestehuder Weg gab es intensive öffentliche Auseinandersetzungen, unter anderem, weil auf der umgebauten Fahrbahn der Autoverkehr an parkenden Fahrzeugen den Radverkehr ausbremste. Inzwischen wurden weitere Maßnahmen umgesetzt.

Über den Jungfernstieg ist die Veloroute 4 mit den Velorouten 1 und 2 verknüpft. An der Sengelmannstraße ist sie mit der Veloroute 5 verknüpft.

Streckenverlauf
Vom Stadtzentrum führt die Veloroute zunächst entlang an der Außenalster. Dann führt sie durch Winterhude nach Alsterdorf. Vorbei an Fuhlsbüttel (mit dem Hamburger Flughafen) führt sie nach Langenhorn, wo sie am U-Bahnhof Ochsenzoll endet.

Der Streckenverlauf im Detail:

Weblinks

 Verlauf mit Video
 Veloroute 4 bei Googlemaps
 Veloroute 4 bei OpenStreetMap

Belege

Radweg in Hamburg

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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AUG. 22nd: Campaign Kickoff
We kicked off our annual fundraising campaign on Tuesday, August 22, 2017 at Turner Park in Midtown Crossing!
Contributions made by hundreds of organizations and thousands of individuals will empower United Way of the Midlands to address the basic needs of our community's most vulnerable neighbors.
Through October 2017, any donations made online or through social media will be matched up to $10,000 by a generous donor. Please click below to make your donation:
GIVE TODAY.
Thank you to Sue and Steve Seline (2017 United Way Campaign Chairs) for hosting the event. Mr. Seline is the president of Walnut Private Equity Partnership and Mrs. Seline is the chairman of the Westside Community Schools Foundation.
"Omaha and the surrounding area is a very special place. Community wide we want to make this a better town for everyone. United Way of the Midlands is vital because they ensure donors' dollars are invested wisely, for maximum impact, with clear, measurable goals in more than 120 programs. We're stronger together." said Mr. Seline. "Sue and I are deeply honored to co-chair this year's campaign."
Thank you to the following restaurants for donating food for the event: Crave, Chicago Dawg, Nothing Bundt Cakes, Black Oak Grill, Cantina Laredo and Ray's Original Buffalo Wings.
United Way of the Midlands | 2201 Farnam Street | Omaha, NE 68102 | 402-342-8232
Privacy Policy | Contact Us | 2-1-1 | For Companies | For Non-Profits


It's been known that gay celebrities often obtain beards to conceal their sexuality. But it's rare that straight celebrities obtain beards to create a fake sexuality.
For Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson, they're taking the rare road.
Forced into working together on and off camera, they realize that friendship isn't the only thing they'll need to fake in order to make the world happy.
They also realize that there's one thing they'll never be able to pretend: Love.
A Larry AU about drinking too much, learning how to act, and the power of the fans.
23-year-old actor with too big of an ego.
24-year-old actor who doesn't hide his feelings, but can hold some secrets.
"We have to try are hardest to tolerate each other in public."
I absolutely love this!!! Please update soon!!!
I can tell this story will have me Hooked in the upcoming chapters!


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Unraveling Pop Culture One Thread at a Time
More of a Comment Really
Hall of Faces
Clint Worthington May 15, 2018 Movies
Deadpool 2 Review: Ryan Reynolds Returns for More Quips, Gore and Gags
The Merc With a Mouth is back in a sequel with more slicing, dicing and R-rated quips – but it's only a slight improvement over the sophomoric original.
This piece was originally posted on Alcohollywood
While Marvel Studios seems to have solved the equation for how to make great (or, at their worst, pretty passable) superhero movies, the other studios have seemed to struggle. With 2016's Deadpool, it seems like Fox has finally cracked the formula. Instead of trying to replicate the MCU (see: those disastrous DC movies, save Wonder Woman), just do what Marvel isn't doing – embrace an R rating and go full-tilt meta comedy. That strategy landed them a fat $780 million worldwide box office take, so we're off to the races with Deadpool 2, a movie that's more of the same, but slightly more assured.
This time around, extra-crispy mercenary Wade Wilson, aka Deadpool (Ryan Reynolds), finds himself emotionally unmoored after the untimely death of someone close to him. (You can probably guess who, but I fear spoiling the extra-special fuck-you title sequence gag that follows.) Seeking sanctuary, he holes up in the X-Mansion with Colossus (Stefan Kapicic) and Negasonic Teenage Warhead (Brianna Hildebrand) to become a 'trainee,' hoping this will give him some direction in life.
On his first mission, though, he winds up connecting with a young, volatile mutant named Russell (Julian Dennison, Hunt for the Wilderpeople), an angry little tyke with some rage issues and the fire powers to realize them. Unbeknownst to both of them, however, grimdark time-traveling cyber-assassin Cable (Josh Brolin) has jumped to the past to kill Russell for reasons unknown. This leaves the Merc with a Mouth no choice but to begrudgingly grow a set of hero-balls, keep Russell safe, and win the day.
One of the biggest advantages Deadpool 2 has going for it is confidence – they know the free-wheeling, anarchic fuck-your-feelings style of Reynolds and co. worked last time, so the sequel gives them freedom to play a bit more. Director David Leitch is no stranger to big, comic-booky action (he was one of John Wick's two directors), and he steps into Tim Miller's shoes quite nicely with well-choreographed action beats that neatly play with Deadpool's regenerative powers. They really make the most out of Deadpool's rubbery comic-book physicality, bending his body this way and that like a Stretch Armstrong.
Thankfully, Deadpool 2 doesn't rest on its laurels the way the first did, using its signature brand of metahumor and R-rated sex and gore to spice up a relatively bland hero's journey, complete with stock love interest and villain. This time, the world around Deadpool is just as wackadoodle as he is, a cartoon world that operates more or less on its own rules. This is most evident when he finally assembles his X-Force, highlights of which include Zazie Beetz as the superbly lucky Domino and Rob Delaney as Peter, an average Joe with a dad bod who just "saw the ad". Brolin's especially fun as Cable, nailing two major comic book roles in almost as many weeks – he's gritty, intense, and covered in more pockets and fanny packs than you could shake a Rob Liefeld at, making an effective foil for Reynolds' routine.
And of course, there's Deadpool himself. Whatever your mileage for the series' often sophomoric humor and meta callouts may be, Reynolds grows more and more assured in the role with each passing installment. There are more winks and nods than ever before, Deadpool cracking wise at everything from the critical success of fellow R-rated X-movie Logan to the McAvoy era X-Men movies (complete with one single-shot cameo that's rather fun).
That being said, after a while, the film's two-hour runtime starts to wear on you, especially when Deadpool 2 refuses to let up on its barrage of meta-jokes and outrageous action. While the central story about Deadpool learning that "family isn't an f-word" is a decent idea, it almost feels dishonest to give Deadpool such a begrudging moral compass. Also, the squishy, unironic moments of sentiment sometimes feel like lip service to get us to the next quip or dismemberment. Despite what the filmmakers think, it is possible to wink at the audience too much; it can feel a little desperate to be in on the joke. Then again, they know their audience – comic book fans who will clap their hands and scream whenever Deadpool calls Cable "Thanos" – so who am I to judge?
Overall, Deadpool 2 is a decent improvement over the first, a more assured and calculated film that takes what worked about his debut effort (no, X-Men Origins, you don't exist) and slices off the fat with the sharpness of one of Wade's cross-sheathed samurai swords. At the same time, with confidence comes hubris, and the film's inflated budget (and runtime) make the film feel a bit like a victory lap – it's really fun for the person who won, but for the rest of us it can get tiresome after a while.
Deadpool 2 deconstructs its way into theaters May 18th.
NOW STREAMING:
Clint Worthington
Founder, Editor-in-Chief at The Spool
Clint Worthington is the founder and editor-in-chief of The Spool, as well as one of the founders of the website/podcast Alcohollywood in 2011. He is also a Senior Writer at Consequence of Sound, as well as the co-host/producer of Travolta/Cage. You can also find his freelance work at IndieWire, UPROXX, Syfy Wire, The Takeout, and Crooked Marquee.
Latest posts by Clint Worthington (see all)
10 films we can't wait to see at Sundance 2021 - January 19, 2021
Assembling the Black music soundscapes of Steve McQueen's "Small Axe" - January 16, 2021
"WandaVision" starts slow, but bodes well for the MCU's future on TV - January 14, 2021
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Posted in Movies and tagged action, adventure, alcohol, bill skarsgaard, bloody, campy, cinema, comedy, comic book, david leitch, drama, drinking, film, films, gory, josh brolin, julian dennison, marvel, morena baccarin, movie, movies, revenge, rob delaney, ryan reynolds, sci fi, science fiction, superhero, tj miller, x-men, zazie beetz. Bookmark the permalink.
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This is used in the same applications as our NL5160, however provides an optional brand that is made of higher grade resins, standards, and quality control.
This is a standard PVC food grade hose that provides an option for customers who want the genunie Kanaflex 212MK hose as their proven choice.
This is a specialty tube designed for specific beverage machines and hose ends.


Shipping: L:5"x W:4.25"x H:8.25" 1.55 lbs.
Sea Gull Lighting Store is proud to present this white finished wall torchier, by Sea Gull Lighting. The 4449-15 is made from premium materials, this Wall Torchier offers great function and value for your home. This fixture is part of Sea Gull Lighting's decorative Bent Glass Collection, so make sure to check out other traditional fixtures to accessorize your room.


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Joseph Ebert
Buffalo, NY, US
Joe Ebert holds three degrees in the field of architecture: a Bachelor of Science ('09) and a Master of Architectural Studies in Criticism and Theory ('10) from Ohio State University, and a Master of Arts in Architecture ('13) from University of California, Los Angeles. He is an active designer, writer, historian, theorist and critic. He has worked in several cities, including Cincinnati and Columbus, OH, San Antonio, TX, Los Angeles, CA, and Buffalo, NY.
Alfred State College, Alfred, NY, US, Adjunct Instructor
During the Fall of 2017 I taught a Survey of Design Course through the Architecture Department. The class size was 70 students, and ranged from freshmen to seniors. The course was a hybrid, in that 50% of the course activities were hosted online, while the other half was designated toward general lecture-style instruction.
Aug 2017 - current
Aurora Waldorf School, West Falls, NY, US, Middle School Block Teacher
As a middle school block teacher I was required to teach physics, general mathematics (Platonic Solids, Fibonacci Sequence, the Golden Ratio), geology, astronomy, form drawing, and anatomy.
Nov 2016 - Jan 2018
Ohio Department of Public Safety, Columbus, OH, US, Designer II and Project Manager
I was hired as an architectural designer, under the governmental title of Designer II. My tasks were to carry out pre-planned projects from beginning to end, completing the general procession of drawing sets, conceptual to construction. After a few months I was quickly promoted to the status of Project Manager, whereby I was given complete control over my own projects. This totalizing effort included cost estimation, bidding management, designing, drafting, modeling, site inspections, and approving of the final product. Much of the work that was produced was governmental, and such is considered proprietary.
Aug 2015 - Sep 2016
Facility Programming and Consulting, San Antonio, TX, US, Facility Programmer and Researcher
As a Facility Programmer and Researcher I was tasked with conducting studies for our clients, studies that minded data and provided greater insight as to how that data was operating within the client-organization; additionally, it was my job to consult as to how the client might best utilize such data to produce more cost effective projects/products. As well, I was tasked with creating and adding to several Cultural Landscape Reports for the National Parks Service, much of which was historically and analytically driven, but required accessing local archives to generate the necessary information for preservation status.
Renoveau Design Inc., Columbus, OH, US, Architectural Designer
This position provided me the opportunity to develop my skills as an architectural designer. I was tasked with completing drawings, researching products, and revising specification manuals. Much of the work that was produced was governmental, and such is considered proprietary.
Jan 2014 - Jul 2014
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, US, Graduate Teaching Assistant
As a graduate teaching assistant for a Master of Architecture First Year Structural Design Studio, I was tasked with coordinating the logistics of the course, including site visits to buildings projects; as well, I acted as a juror and mentor, and at times was tasked with lecturing to the students in the stead of normal studio desk critiques.
Wexner Center for the Arts, Columbus, OH, US, Researcher
I was a researcher for an exhibition at the Wexner Center for the Arts curated by Jeff Kipnis. The show lost funding, but the majority of the research conducted became the basis for Kipnis and Stephen Turk's traveling Figure Ground show.
The Ohio State University, Knowlton School of Architecture, Columbus, OH, US, Graduate Teaching Assistant
I was a graduate teaching assistant for two course, Intro to Architecture (Professor Jeff Kipnis) and Third Year Theory (Professor Doug Graf). As a GA I was required to distribute assignments, teach my own recitation section, proctor quizzes and exams, grade assignments and exams, and at times, lecture in the rare event of a teacher absence.
Sep 2009 - Jun 2010
United States District Court, Cincinnati, OH, US, Architect's Assistant
I interned for the US District Courts for three summers, and established a formidable and pragmatic understanding of the discipline of architecture. This understanding helped develop a more robust vision of architecture in coordination with my undergraduate education. As the Architect's Assistant I was tasked with drafting and modeling projects, most of which were interior renovations to the former US Post Office, which is now the James Potter Stewart US Courthouse. As well, my work extended to the federal courthouses in Dayton and Columbus, OH.
Jun 2007 - Sep 2009
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, US, Masters, Critical Studies
Thesis: Prolegomena to a Poiesis of Architectural Phenomenology; Committee: Sylvia Lavin (Co-chair), Michael Osman (Co-chair), and Dana Cuff
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US, Masters, Architectural Studies in Criticism and Theory
Thesis: Indifference and Ambiguity: selected works by Joseph Ebert; Committee: Jeffrey Kipnis, John McMorrough, Michael Cadwell, and Stephen Turk
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US, BArch, Architecture
-Cum Laude with Distinction
-President's Award given to the highest performing senior male and female from a specific department
-Travel Abroad Fellowship (Italy)
-Senior Honor's Thesis Scholarship
-Dean's List (all but three quarters)
Speaker at the Buffalo Architectural Foundation, Other
Spoke to a group of architectural enthusiasts about my history and my pursuits.
Exit Review Finalist, 1st Place
Of all of the graduate students at the Knowlton School of Architecture, I was selected as a finalist and was awarded first prize for the Exit Review Competition. This competition was a cumulative oral presentation in which each student was intended to create a final presentation summarizing their understanding of architecture. This presentation was intended to outline for a conceptual project for each student as they moved into the profession after graduation. I was selected by guest juror, Mark Foster Gage.
Senior Honors Thesis Scholarship, Scholarship
Aid given to a student working required project via the university's Honor's Program. My thesis researched the strange and indirect relationship between Piranesi and John Soane, and both of their interests in ruination and artifacts.
Italy Study Abroad Fellowship, Scholarship
Aid was given to students that were performing exceptionally well in undergraduate program overall.
Valedictorian, Award
Valedictorian of my high school graduating class.
Architecture, Interiors, Urban Planning, Development, Graphic Design / Signage, Writing
& Architectural Design and Planning, & AutoCAD& Revit & Rhino 3D, & Adobe Creative Suite, & Microsft Office experience. • Strong oral & written communication skills., Always apply critical thinking reflective listening and effective reasoning skills., Architecture Criticism, (3 yrs) Teaching Architecture, (+ 10 Years) Academic and Creative Writing, ( + 8 Years ) Illustrator | InDesign | Photoshop | Graphic Design, & Google Sketchup, (+ 3 Years) Construction Documents, & 3D Modeling, & Physical Modeling, Copy writing and editing, Creative Vision & Direction


At the Lina Bo Bardi-designed Teatro Oficina, we met with the company's animator-in-chief — a Tropicalist convinced that all architecture could become a space for performance, if it allowed itself to be cannibalised by theatre.
An entire afternoon at the Oficina , the fantastic space for experimental theatre in São Paulo, Brazil, designed by Lina Bo Bardi . The heavy wooden seats are gradually arranged in a circle at centre stage. We sit down. Photographer Pedro Kok is roaming around the theatre with his equipment when José Celso Martinez Corrêa appears dressed in a turquoise suit and white T-shirt.
In the 1950s, he was one of the founders of the company that revolutionised Brazilian theatre, and is probably the person who best embodies the meanings of, and the various controversies surrounding, Tropicalism . He is also arguably the most complete cannibal among all those who have been inspired by Oswald de Andrade. Known as Zé Celso, he is the centre of activity for more than a dozen employees: young directors, actors, actresses, artists, engineers, designers, journalists and architects, including his brother João Batista Martinez Corrêa and his granddaughter Beatriz Pimenta Corrêa, who together were responsible for the recent project to expand the theatre. We came here in the company of curator and writer Daniela Castro and José Lira, an architect and university professor who also worked as editor on the interview.
Domus : Tell us about what Oficina meant for Brazil in the 1960s.
José Celso Martinez Corrêa : In 1967, the performance of Oswald de Andrade's play O Rei da Vela decolonised this theatre of ours. In 1928 he wrote his Manifesto Antropófago ("Cannibal Manifesto"), re-establishing our relationship with the South- American Indian cannibals and with the Africans, who created Candomblé, samba and funk. The 1967 production turned out to be the catalyst for a full-fledged movement that sprung up spontaneously around the same period: from Glauber Rocha, who was filming Earth in a trance at the time, to Caetano Veloso, with his release of the Tropicália album, to Hélio Oiticica, who set the stage for art to come alive, complete with earth, plants and television. So that's how the Tropicália movement came into being and how Brazil freed itself entirely of all colonial ideology.
Domus : What about the theatre's physical space?
José : This is the third theatre that has been built here. The first, designed by Joaquim Guedes, had two seating areas with the stage in the middle. It took eight months to build in 1961, and was burnt down in 1966. The second project was by Flávio Império. At the time I was very interested in the theatre of Bertold Brecht , and Império designed a very pristine theatre with a revolving stage and concrete tiered seating. It took a year and a half to build, and opened in 1967 with the production of O Rei da Vela , and that was another "blaze"! Lina Bo Bardi had arrived before then, to work with me on the production of Brecht's In the Jungle of Cities . It was the period when they were tearing the neighbourhood apart building the so-called Minhocão , or "big earthworm", the Costa e Silva elevated expressway named after the dictator. Lina would bring in all the garbage she found outside, put it on stage and we'd use it for a scene. We even used the trees that had been chopped down during construction. Each act was like a round in a boxing match.
Domus : Does your relationship with Lina date back to that time?
José : I remember that I did some LSD with a friend of mine, my companion. It was good acid. We went outside and started running around the theatre when suddenly we came up against a wall and we realised that there was something else beyond it... It was a very difficult time. The police were coming and we didn't know where to run. We found ourselves in front of this huge wall. When the police raids began, we began to get worried, so I went to talk with Lina. She said: "I'm an architect! I can't go through walls! I'm not a witch! All I can do with walls is break them down." And that's how Lina came up with the idea of turning the Oficina into a kind of street running all the way up to Anhangabaú da Feliz Cidade, in the region of Vale do Anhangabaú (the district where the theatre is located and where public meetings and events are traditionally held), in Viaduto do Chá to be exact. Then she designed a very nice project in that area. She had big metal trees built and placed an overpass on top of them, so that Anhangabaú would be green again.
Domus : What is your view on Lina's project for the Oficina?
José : Lina wanted to build a space that had a bond with the earth, so we made this underground passage beneath the stage where there is a small plot of ground. She always put water and fire in the shows. We had always wanted to stage Os Sertões — Euclides da Cunha's 1902 book, which we've been making into a series of montages since 2001, with 25 hours' worth so far. Lina said: "The sertão , the backland, is here." And just like in the backlands of Candomblé, throughout Brazil there is always a sacred tree. We have ours, too. It was this tree that won the fight, because it represented our vanguard; this tree was the first thing to invade the land next door, understand?
Domus : From the War of Canudos for the destitute settlers of the Northeast to the struggles against Silvio Santos, the owner of a very important TV network.
José : Ah yes, our troubles with Silvio Santos. Thirty years spent punching holes in the walls, just like a real family feud. After the Ministry of the Environment ruled in our favour, they threw up a concrete barricade to block our access to the grounds. It has been a 30-year struggle to keep our neighbours from building first a shopping centre, which would have destroyed this entire window, and then a series of apartment towers. The surrounding area was completely developed; there even used to be two houses protected by the cultural heritage commission and an age-old synagogue. When Silvio Santos approached us, we were preparing Os Sertões .
Actress : We had begun studying Os Sertões , trying to decipher it along with the sertanejos from São Paulo, the construction workers who were staying in boarding houses around here. Later those same housing blocks would be swept away by real-estate speculators. We started on the first projects with people who were semi-literate. By day, they worked in the shipyards and in the evenings they worked with us, teaching us the Northeastern art of ciranda rhythms, and about their typical cuisine... This was, rightfully, the influence of the theatre on urbanisation.
José : Fortunately Silvio Santos finally gave up. Our theatre was placed under the guardianship of IPHAN (Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional), which also imposed the statesponsored expropriation of the surrounding land.
Actress : We were doing Dionisíacas .
José : That's right. But after decades of battles with Silvio Santos, I have now become his friend. Today he says: "I don't want to hinder your work, but I don't want yours to get in the way of mine either. My proposal is to exchange your land with another one owned by the government." Right now, however, Brazil is going through a crisis, with a very weak minister of culture and the absence of any cultural direction from Dilma Rousseff . We have already been waiting 180 days for a response to Silvio Santos's proposal, and almost certainly they'll leave us hanging until sometime next year. We're going to have to fight with all our might. For many years the show advertised on the bill was "Oficina against Silvio Santos". Now things have changed. It reads: "Oficina against the bureaucracy of Dilma's government".
Domus : So the current struggle is different than before.
Domus : What led to the decision to break with Lina's project?
José : The space had become too small. For the performance of Macumba , there were twice as many people in the audience as allowed. Lina's theatre met our needs when it was built. When I returned from exile in 1979, the first thing I did was break through the walls to see what was on the other side. I already noticed that there was this space all around it. I came with an engineer; if there hadn't been any arches, the whole place would have collapsed. We reinforced the seating area and the foundations. It was an emergency job, a stop-gap solution. We weren't allowed to demolish the facade because it was protected by the municipal cultural heritage commission. But Lina forced us to install an iron anvil, because she was Candomblé and said: "If you put an anvil in plain sight, as a kind of symbol, you'll never lose this space."
Domus : Has there always been such an intense relationship between the theatre and architects, who have been very different from each other, such as Guedes, Império, Lina and Paulo Mendes da Rocha?
José : I've always thought of architecture as a performance space. I'm very grateful to the architects. Paulo Mendes was also very important. He started developing the project for the Agora (that's what we call the space we've occupied under the Minhocão expressway) and for the adjacent land. His project was confined to a very small space, so he designed two narrow towers: one for production with a small dormitory for the actors, and the other for our digital archive.
Domus : And what about the theatre-stadium project?
Beatriz Pimenta Corrêa : The idea is to build a stadium on the site next door. The Oficina would act as the Greek skene of the future stadium. The two arenas will have to be integrated with the tree. It's not about ignoring the Oficina, but rather about building something else. In Lina's project, the stadium was supposed to be built at the end of the original building. But when Silvio Santos started stirring up this whole battleground scenario, demolishing everything, we thought we'd enlarge the project. We decided to put the stadium here, the Oficinas das Florestas over there, and the Universidade Antropófaga further up.
José : For all these years, since 1967, we've been producing knowledge based on experience. Through anthropophagy, we have reviewed virtually the entire repertoire of world theatre, the Greeks, Shakespeare, Gorky, Tennessee Williams, Nelson Rodrigues, Brecht. Everything was done with choirs and music, because we wanted to do choral theatre. It's impossible for this direction not to be attributed to Lina Bo Bardi, in the same way that the Teatro de Estádio can only be attributed to Oswald de Andrade. Debris as resources. I see the walls, I see the floor.


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Greater medical care needed for older adults with untreated sleep apnea
Reviewed by Kate Anderton, B.Sc. (Editor)Jan 16 2020
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and costly medical condition leading to a wide range of health risks such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, depression, diabetes and even premature death. Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) found that the medical costs are substantially higher among older adults who go untreated for the disorder.
The research, which was published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, involved a review of a national sample of Medicare claims data. The researchers measured the health care costs over a year among Medicare beneficiaries who were 65 years and older and were ultimately diagnosed with OSA. They found that patients who went undiagnosed with OSA over a 12-month period had more doctor's appointments, emergency room visits, and hospital stays prior to being treated for the disorder. These patients on average had nearly $20,000 more in costs a year than those who were diagnosed and treated for OSA, the research found.
"Sleep disorders represent a massive economic burden on the U.S. health care system," said Emerson Wickwire, PhD, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Medicine at UMSOM and Director of the Insomnia Program at the University of Maryland Medical Center, Midtown Campus. Dr. Wickwire, who was the Principal Investigator for this research, explained that economic aspects of diseases are increasingly recognized as important drivers of health decisions by patients, those paying for services, policymakers and ultimately the taxpayers.
Medical costs among those untreated for OSA will continue to rise, Dr. Wickwire cautioned, highlighting the importance of early detection and treatment among older adults..
We conducted the largest economic analysis of sleep apnea among older adults to date. Medicare beneficiaries with obstructive sleep apnea cost taxpayers an additional $19,566 per year and utilized more outpatient, emergency, inpatient, prescription, and overall health care services. It's important to realize that costs associated with untreated sleep disorders are likely to continue to accrue year after year, which is why our group focuses on early recognition and treatment."
Dr. Emerson Wickwire, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Medicine at UMSOM
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Researchers also observed that Medicare patients with OSA were more likely to suffer from other ailments more so than those individuals without the sleep disorder. For example, OSA is linked to an increased risk for high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, stroke and depression. The study authors suggest that insurers, legislators, and health systems leaders consider routine screening for OSA in older patients, especially those with medical and psychiatric comorbidities, to better contain treatment costs.
"The good news is that highly effective diagnostic and treatment strategies are available. Our team is currently using big data approaches as well as highly personalized sleep disorders treatments to improve outcomes and reduce costs associated with sleep disorders, "said Dr. Wickwire.
The research is critical as OSA affects up to 70% of elderly nursing home residents, and these individuals are at higher risk of death.
A 2016 report by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine estimated that undiagnosed OSA among U.S. adults costs $149.6 billion annually. While the report projected it would cost the health care system nearly $50 billion to diagnosis and treat every American adult with OSA, treatment would produce savings of $100 billion. The current study in JCSM is the largest analysis to date of the economic burden of untreated OSA among older adult Medicare beneficiaries. Dr. Wickwire's research was funded by RedMed as an investigator-initiated grant.
"Early detection and treatment for disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea is critical, particularly among older adults who face the risk of the most serious illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, and diabetes," said UMSOM Dean E. Albert Reece, MD, PhD, MBA, who is also Executive Vice President for Medical Affairs, UM Baltimore, and the John Z. and Akiko K. Bowers Distinguished Professor, University of Maryland School of Medicine.
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Wickwire, E. M., et al. (2020) Older adult US Medicare beneficiaries with untreated obstructive sleep apnea are heavier users of health care than matched control patients. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8128.
Posted in: Medical Research News | Medical Condition News | Healthcare News
Tags: Blood, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Disease, Depression, Diabetes, Diagnostic, Doctor, Health Care, Health Systems, Heart, Heart Disease, High Blood Pressure, Hospital, Insomnia, Medical Research, Medical School, Medicare, Medicine, Nursing, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Psychiatry, Research, Restless Legs Syndrome, Sleep, Sleep Apnea, Sleep Disorder, Stroke
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The resin driver acts like a syringe plunger and is screwed into the Resin Applicator Body. It is used as a piston to drive resin from the Resin Applicator Body forcing the resin under pressure into cracks in the glass.
Note: the resin driver seals in the non threaded rubber seal in the lower area of the Resin Applicator Body.
These Resin Containers contain a low viscosity UV activated polymer resin. The resin's curing process is activated by exposure to UV light from the sun or UV lamp.
The Dropper is used to allow transfer of small measured amounts of the Glass Repair Resin from the resin container to the resin chamber. The clear narrow tip of the dropper allows you to see the resin and then insert the dropper's narrow tip into the throat of the resin chamber before dispensing the resin.