text:
OpEdNews Op Eds 6/24/2019 at 10:40 AM EDT H2'ed 6/24/19
Invisible No More: Please Let's Do This Together (Remembering the Other Original Sin)
By Four Arrows (Page 1 of 1 pages) 3 comments
Comanche family, early 1900s Here is a family from the Comanche Nation located in southwestern Oklahoma. The elder man in Comanche traditional clothing is Ta-Ten-e-quer. His wife, Ta-Tat-ty, also wears Comanche clothing. Their niece (center) is Wife-per,
(Image by Smithsonian) Details DMCA
African Americans and Native Americans (aka American Indians) should be together in any discussion seeking to bring about reckoning America's history of racism, oppression, discrimination and inequality. Unfortunately "Indians" remain all but invisible in politics and media covering the new reparations efforts for descendants of Black slaves . Today I watched and listened to the well-intended promoters of HR 40 repeatedly ignore the fact that American Indians also suffer the continuing trauma. California's congresswoman of the 37th district, Karen Bass, even dismissed this option in June 19th hearings . Ironically she refers to an ignorance of history: "Our fundamental problem is our ignorance of history"Deep pain is caused by people who deny the holocaust and the same historical ignorance responsible for continuing assaults against African Americans." Note she refers to the European holocaust not the genocide against millions of Indigenous Peoples of the Americas
Such omission of full historical truth continued with the passionate claims of the congresswoman taking the lead on HR 40, Sheila Jackson Lee, who represents the 18thdistrict (most of Houston):
Let me be very clear, it is only this group, even though they attempted to enslave Native Americans, it is only this group that can singularly, singularly, claim to have been slaves under the auspices of the institution and leadership of the United States government" And so HR 40 is the response of the USA long overdue.
She continues her presentation citing accurate statistics showing inequalities between whites and African Americans in many categories. She refers to how prejudice against African Americans was codified in the constitution. Referring to 2 million slaves who died in slave ships and the 2 million plus more who died through two generations as slaves, she concludes by asking "Who has a history like that?!"
Who else? First off, the colonists slavery of the continents Indians was infamous in the colonieso actual slavery in the early colonies, including sending children to England as slaves. As for slavery of American Indians, in her January 18, 2016 article in Slate she titled "America's Other Original Sin," Rebecca Onion writes "Europeans didn't just displace Native Americans-they enslaved them, and encouraged tribes to participate in the slave trade, on a scale historians are only beginning to fathom." She cites research showing that between 1670 and 1675, "more Indians were exported into slavery through Charles Town than Africans were imported." However, slavery prior to the Declaration of Independence would not technically be "under the auspices and leadership of the U.S. government per se, referring back to Jackson Lee's assertion. Rather, what was official was a policy of extermination followed by genocidal wars, forced assimilation via theft of children and their heritage via boarding schools, and in 1824 by legally considering all Indians to be considered wards of the state under the newly formed Bureau of Indian Affairs operating under the Department of war. None of this surprising if one considers that the Declaration of Independence includes a statement after the famous words, "All Men are created equal," that refers to "merciless Indian savages whose known rule of warfare is undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions."
Who else has a history of millions dying under the auspices of the U.S. government? Research on the number of Indigenous Peoples killed by Europeans via violence and disease in the larger Western hemisphere is estimated to be between 50 and 100 million. However, sticking to our own colonies and government in the lands making up the continental United States today, scholars estimate that the Indigenous population of the present-day coterminous United States was more than 5 million in 1492 and only about 250,000 in 1900. "These numbers would appear to indicate that the loss of life was around 5 million here. Such a population decline implies not only that some 5 million American Indians died during the 400 years but also that, in fact, many times the approximate figure of 5 million died, as new but ever numerically small generations of American Indians were born, lived, and died." Most of the scholars whose research offer such statistics do refer to the decimation as ethnic cleansing, preferring the term over genocide with the argument that actual killing of Indians was not the main intention. According to the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History, "At the very least, it could be said, genocide was present in the removal process in the sense that the policy's implementation depended on the government's threats to use unrestrained violence to secure compliance even though officials generally did not have to employ it."
Now let's have a quick look at comparative statistics representing oppression and inequality today. I do this reluctantly because I think it is wrongheaded to consider measure social injustices to see which groups suffer more. However, when the media continually compares Hispanics and Blacks to whites without mentioning American Indians and the current effort for truth and reconciliation about inequity in America does the same, well, someone has to do it. In brief, according to talkpoverty.org, in 2017 21.2% of African Americans fell below the poverty line and 25.4% of American Indians did in contrast to non-Hispanic Whites rates of 8.7. In all states with significant populations of American Indians, this group is overrepresented in prison populations compared to Blacks and Latinos. American Indians have worst achievement scores and lowest graduate rates of any student subgroup. An article by Greta Kaul (10/10/2018) entitled "Across a range of measures, Minnesota's American Indians fare worse than other groups. So why isn't it talked about more? Offering statistics about homelessness rates; household incomes; education graduation rates; health; life expectancy at birth; and criminal justice, American Indians do about the same or worse than Latino, Asian, and African Americans.
Congresswoman Jackson Lee also declared "Slavery is the original sin. Slavery has never received an apology." Actually, in 2008 the U.S. Congress did make a formal apology for slavery. But it was as empty as the one Obama gave to the Indians in 2010.
So why isn't the American Indian plight talked about more? Why do most people not know about the numbers of murdered and/or missing American Indian women in the United States? So let's agree an authentic apology was never give for either horror. But the continual references to African slavery as the original sin of the United States is the most egregious claim. How can well-intended legislatures honestly refer to the African American plight and history of slavery as the "original sin" without acknowledging what happened in Native America? In her book, The Future of Whiteness, Linda Alcoff states "I want to insist that whiteness has a very particular and unique relationship to historical atrocities such as slavery and the genocide of native peoples" This produces a content to whiteness despite its immense variety of moveable boundaries" (2015, p.9). Even with this awareness Alcoff also contributes to a distortion of American history in separating "slavery," with its implied reference to African slavery, from the genocide of American Indians who by the millions were in essence made slaves or treated worse than slaves starting in 1492. Alan Gallay, Director of The Center for Historical Research at Ohio State University and recipient of the Bancroft Prize for his book, The Indian Slave Trade: The Rise of the English Empire in the American South, 16701717 (2003) writes:
The paradigm of "what happened" to American Indians under European colonialism must be revised. Instead of viewing victimization of Africans and Indians as two entirely separate processes, they should be compared and contrasted. This will shed more light on the consequences of colonialism in the Americas, and how racism became one of the dominant ideologies of the modern world. It is time to assess the impact of slave trading and slavery on American Indian peoples, slave and free. See https://ap.gilderlehrman.org/essay/indian-slavery-americas
The call for reparations is a call for truth and reconciliation for Black slavery. Compensation should be for preventing continuing oppression and giving more financial opportunities of African Americans, rather than some formula to give some money to proven ancestors of slaves. Only by admitting the history, its subsequent and continuing historical trauma, and behaving with respect for all people, will reparations ever be realized. And this includes ending unconscious territorialism and looking squarely at the true original sin of the United States of America.
Four Arrows Social Media Pages:
Wahinkpe Topa (Four Arrows) is a professor at Fielding Graduate University. Former Director of Education at Oglala Lakota College, he is a made-relative of the Oglala and a Sun Dancer. Selected by AERO for their text Turning Points as one of 27 (more...)
Related Topic(s): Native American Issues; Reparation; Slavery, Add Tags
Trump's DAPL Memorandum: The End of Rule of Law?
Suspending Environmental Regulations Proves the Insanity of our Dominant Worldview and the Logic that Supports it
What Everyone is Missing".Again (Going "viral" is not sufficient)
Worldview Reflection and Coming to Terms with a Terminal Prognosis for Civilization
Shootings on Backwater Bridge
Utilizing Indigenous Thought to Cope in the Age of Trump
"Rob Kall has certainly acquired the firsthand experiences and knowledge gained through interviews to deliver some interesting insights about the "bottom-up" information revolution. Whereas the old 'top-down' systems created stove-pipes and excessive secrecy that blocked information sharing and led to the 'failure to connect the dots' before 9-11, the bottom-up approach should be the main fix. Kall's concept would seem to interface equally well with the founding fathers' idealism in setting forth their democratic theory of governance as with the realism that makes the multi-sourced, bottom-up Wikipedia work. As someone who shares my support of both government and corporate whistleblowing -- which is nothing more than encouraging greater horizontal sharing of information, I commend Rob Kall's important work on this topic."
Coleen Rowley, former FBI special agent and named one of TIME Magazine's "Persons of the Year" in 2002)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Kshitij Jawa appointed as General Manager of India's first-ever yet to be launched Radisson RED
Radisson Hotel Group gears up for their first yet-to-be-launched bold and vibrant, Radisson RED in India by announcing the appointment of Kshitij Jawa as the General Manager. He will be introducing the unconventional RED brand to the country and lead a dynamic team of 300+ associates at Radisson RED Chandigarh Mohali. With over a decade of an extensive career in hotels, Kshitij inherits the ability to elevate brand standards, create a bespoke guest experience, and craft an environment with the best employee work culture.
A passionate individual with strong business expertise, he brings to the role his ingenuity in hospitality operations and management. With 15+ years of diverse experience, his key strengths lie in pre-opening projects, hotel operations, marketing, food & beverage, team management, and financial management. With industry exposure across leading hotel chains in India, Kshitij was previously the General Manager at Radisson Noida. In his tenure at Noida the hotel achieved historical revenue & profit figures. He is an alumnus from the Oberoi Centre for Learning and Development.
Hindustan Times is all set to host India's biggest online…
AICTE & Ministry of Education's Innovation Cell (MIC)…
Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh says, "Purple Revolution"…
"RED is all about dropping the norm and breaking tradition. I am filled with an incredible sense of excitement and responsibility as I lead the team at our first RED in the country. I get to manage an incredible team of innovative minds and fiercest souls. The fundamentals of the hospitality trade are the same across the globe, but RED will cut through for being heard, seen, felt and experienced. I feel honoured to unleash the first RED in our country" said, Kshitij Jawa.
Kshitij Jawa is also passionate about travel and loves spending time with his Jawa bikers' troop. His competitive spirit draws him to sports and is often found playing Cricket & Soccer.
University of Reading: Award For Flood Research Group Supporting UN Global Goals
University of Reading: Major Funding For Project Opening Doors For Bame Researchers
Hindustan Times is all set to host India's biggest online school quiz – "The Class…
AICTE & Ministry of Education's Innovation Cell (MIC) Celebrate National…
Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh says, "Purple Revolution" is Jammu & Kashmir's…
Dr Mansukh Mandaviya releases commemorative Postal Stamp on COVID-19 Vaccine to mark…


text:
Argument: Switzerland Goes Rogue Switzerland Goes Rogue...
An expert's point of view on a current event.
Switzerland Goes Rogue
Is it still possible for a country to be neutral?
By Steve Kettmann
BORIS HORVAT/AFP/Getty Images
No place in Europe has clung to an anachronistic, airbrushed image longer than Switzerland. The country's oddly entrenched reputation for pristine and inviolable "neutrality" has left it ostensibly so removed from the normal give-and-take of international politics that for many Americans the place could pretty much be summed up with the sugary, beyond-politics appeal of Nestlé chocolate.
In fact, however, the myth of Swiss exceptionalism is increasingly tattered these days. The unraveling of the legend began in the postwar period, accelerating in the 1990s, as more and more stories came out on the Swiss banks' involvement in helping the Nazis and their stubbornness about concealing that role. It didn't help matters that right-wing Swiss political parties continued to make periodic gains, with the Radical Party signaling a turn to the right in the 1983 parliamentary elections, for example, by drawing more votes than the Social Democrats for the first time in 58 years.
Recent months have brought Switzerland into a vortex of unwelcome international publicity, much of this brought on by a flinty, proud brand of Swiss independence that looks less and less charming to the outside world. Burt Neuborne, a New York University professor who served as counsel to Holocaust survivors in wrangling with the Swiss, went so far last year to charge in a widely read Los Angeles Times op-ed that it might be time to dub Switzerland a "rogue state."
No place in Europe has clung to an anachronistic, airbrushed image longer than Switzerland. The country's oddly entrenched reputation for pristine and inviolable "neutrality" has left it ostensibly so removed from the normal give-and-take of international politics that for many Americans the place could pretty much be summed up with the sugary, beyond-politics appeal of Nestlé chocolate.
In fact, however, the myth of Swiss exceptionalism is increasingly tattered these days. The unraveling of the legend began in the postwar period, accelerating in the 1990s, as more and more stories came out on the Swiss banks' involvement in helping the Nazis and their stubbornness about concealing that role. It didn't help matters that right-wing Swiss political parties continued to make periodic gains, with the Radical Party signaling a turn to the right in the 1983 parliamentary elections, for example, by drawing more votes than the Social Democrats for the first time in 58 years.
Here's how things got this far:
The Swiss tossed their reputation for tolerance out the window last November with a nationwide referendum to ban minarets. Analysts cited raw fear of an encroaching Islam, but that seemed a far-fetched rationale given that there are an estimated 400,000 Muslims in the country, but a grand total of four minarets.
Switzerland has found itself in a bizarre war of words with Libyan leader Muammar al-Qaddafi, who responded to the jailing of his son on assault charges in Geneva by expelling Swiss diplomats, calling for an anti-Swiss jihad, and even proposing to the U.N. General Assembly that the country be abolished.
Film director Roman Polanski showed up in Zurich last September to accept a lifetime achievement award at the Zurich Film Festival, and the longtime French citizen was promptly arrested on a warrant dating back to 1978. Given how squeamish most are about the deeply disturbing Polanski case, dating to his 1970s admission of having sex with an underage girl, the untimely Swiss arrest did the seemingly impossible and generated some sympathy for an admitted sex criminal.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel, whose leadership style is built on unflashy pragmatism and a dislike of headline-grabbing, grabbed headlines in February as word surfaced that Germany was considering making a deal with known thieves to purchase a CD containing information about German tax evaders with Swiss bank accounts, a move that, as the German news weekly Der Spiegel noted, "risk[ed] a falling-out with Switzerland." Later came word that officials in the German state of Baden-Württemberg planned to buy a second CD.
The huge Swiss bank UBS was forced to make a deal with the United States to provide information on the banking history of thousands of wealthy U.S. citizens implicated in possible tax evasion, rather than risk U.S. legal action, a move that continued to erode the reputation of Swiss banks.
The controversial euthanasia organization Dignitas has taken advantage of Switzerland's liberal assisted-suicide laws to make the country the world's most popular destination for "suicide tourism." Widespread media coverage of the organization throughout the continent has not done wonders for Switzerland's image.
Tempting as it might be to write off some of the controversy as mere sensation, the confluence of events serves to raise deeper questions not only about Switzerland but about how long it takes for ancient assumptions about countries to get an update. Switzerland established its neutrality at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and has not fought a war since, making it second behind Sweden as the longest-standing neutral country. But in Europe this is, to say the least, old news.
For having such a small country, the Swiss have unquestionably made an outsized contribution to world culture, notably through such admired writers as Max Frisch and Hermann Hesse (born in Germany, but the Swiss claim him). As Berlin correspondent for Wired.com in the 1990s, I wrote multiple stories about a puckish group of Zurich-based Internet artists called etoy who took on a California toy company (eToys.com) in a name-domain war, a decisive struggle of the early Internet age that at the time John Perry Barlow, of Electronic Frontier Foundation (and Grateful Dead) fame, referred to as "the battle of Bull Run."
But the etoy boomlet was an exception to a general sense of Swiss culture's best days being behind it. As Frisch mused wearily in his 1954 novel Stiller (published in English as I'm Not Stiller), looking back on Switzerland's halcyon days in the middle of the 19th century, "At that time they had a plan. At that time they wanted something that had never existed before, and they looked forward to tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. At that time Switzerland had a historic present. Do they have that today? Homesickness for the day before yesterday, which governs most people in this country today, is oppressive."
An oppressive longing for a yesterday that never existed — and the xenophobia that often goes with it — clearly lay behind the anti-minaret vote. Anti-immigration sentiment has been rising in Switzerland, as elsewhere in Europe, though the most openly resented immigrant group in Switzerland actually tends to be the Germans.
It's clear the old definition of Swiss neutrality, dating to the country's 19th-century origins, but gaining wide currency in the Cold War period, has become largely irrelevant in an era when globalism and economic interdependence now set the tone. Is it even possible to be "neutral" in any serious sense of the word in a globalized world?
"It's always had this status, but I think it's becoming pointless in this time of globalization when you have to cooperate on all levels," said Albrecht Metzger, an expert on the convergence of Europe and Islam who writes regularly for the weekly Die Zeit.
"You talk about fighting international crime. You have to cooperate. You talk about fighting drugs. You have to cooperate. It's all interconnected. You have to ask yourself: Where is neutrality?"
Why not go further and lump Switzerland together with other countries dubbed "rogue states"? That was the argument Neuborne made. "Swiss bankers cannot manufacture bank secrecy on their own," Neuborne wrote. "They need active cooperation from the Swiss government designed to stymie legitimate efforts by other governments to obtain information needed to enforce their laws. Some rogue states export terrorism or drugs; Switzerland exports a virus — bank secrecy — that eats away at the fabric of law in the rest of the world."
Even Neuborne, seeking to make a point, was careful to avoid coming right out and labeling Switzerland a "rogue state" directly, and for good reason: Such a claim would not pass the laugh test. However, for too long the Swiss reputation for a pristine neutrality has clouded observers to the more complicated reality of a country that never was and never could be an island apart. Recent months of controversy may not have amounted to Switzerland's being yanked into international courts for its banking practices, but it's clear we've reached the point where no country gets a free pass on being above the rules and norms of a highly interconnected 21st-century world. The chocolate is still good, though.
<p> Steve Kettmann lives in Berlin and writes a weekly column on politics for the Berliner Zeitung. </p>
Tags: Culture, Economics, Europe
NEW FOR SUBSCRIBERS: Want to read more on this topic or region? Click + to receive email alerts when new stories are published on Economics Economics, Europe Europe
Biden Can Use a First Fix for a Broken Immigration System
China Doesn't Want a U.S. Debt Default
Ukraine Wants to Retake Crimea. The United States Should Lend Its Support.
Alex Nowrasteh, Stan Veuger, Tara Watson
Polish army soldiers stand in front of South Korean tanks at the Baltic Container Terminal in Poland.
Immigrant families arrive back in Mexico after being expelled from the United States.
Extending humanitarian parole helps encourage legal migration.


text:
MANJUL E-Books
Amaryllis - Our English Imprint
Title Distributed by Manjul
Sarvatra
Penguin Random House - Manjul
Reviews in Media
Fiction & Children's Fiction
Mind,Body & Spirit
Self Help / Occult
Fiction/Children's Fiction
Autobiographies/Biographies
Politics and Governemnt
Non- Fiction
Politics / General Affairs
Travel / Culture
infinitheism spiritual foundation Pvt Ltd.
PENTAGON PRESS
INDUS SOURCE BOOKS
WONDERLAND PUBLICATIONS
HARLEQUIN MILLS & BOON
WISDOM TREE
INDIANA PUBLISHING HOUSE
RANDOM HOUSE INDIA
The Art of Happiness (Marathi)
Author : His Holiness The Dalai Lama and Howard C. Cutler
Regular Price: Rs. 275
Special Price Rs. 220
Classification Spirituality
Pub Date 25 May 2016
Imprint Manjul Marathi
Page Extent 280 pages
Language Marathi
(inclusive all taxes)
Nearly every time you see him, he's laughing, or at least he's smiling. And he makes everyone else around him feel like smiling. He's the Dalai Lama, the spiritual and temporal leader of Tibet, the Nobel Prize winner, and increasingly popular speaker and statesman. Why is he so popular? Even after spending just a few minutes in his presence you can't help feeling just a little bit happier.
The Dalai Lama is probably one of the only people in the world who if you ask him if he's happy, even though he's suffered the loss of his country, will give you an unconditional "yes." What's more, he'll tell you that happiness is the purpose of life, and that "the very motion of our life is towards happiness." How to get there has always been the question. He's tried to answer it before, but he's never had the help of a psychiatrist to get the message across in a context we can easily understand.
Through meditations, stories and the meeting of Buddhism and psychology, the Dalai Lama shows us how to defeat day-to-day depression, anxiety, anger, jealousy, or just an ordinary bad mood. He discusses relationships, health, family, work, and spirituality to show us how to ride through life's obstacles on a deep abiding source of inner peace. Based on 2500 years of Buddhist meditations mixed with a healthy dose of common sense, The Art of Happiness crosses the boundaries of all traditions to help listeners with the difficulties common to all human beings.
Tenzin Gyatso, the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, is the spiritual leader of the Tibetan people. He frequently describes himself as a simple Buddhist monk. Born in northeastern Tibet in 1935, he was as a toddler recognized as the incarnation of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama and brought to Tibet's capital, Lhasa. In 1950, Mao Zedong's Communist forces made their first incursions into eastern Tibet, shortly after which the young Dalai Lama assumed the political leadership of his country. He passed his scholastic examinations with honors at the Great Prayer Festival in Lhasa in 1959, the same year Chinese forces occupied the city, forcing His Holiness to escape to India. There he set up the Tibetan government-in-exile in Dharamsala, working to secure the welfare of the more than 100,000 Tibetan exiles and prevent the destruction of Tibetan culture. In his capacity as a spiritual and political leader, he has traveled to more than sixty-two countries on six continents and met with presidents, popes, and leading scientists to foster dialogue and create a better world. In recognition of his tireless work for the nonviolent liberation of Tibet, the Dalai Lama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989. In 2012, he relinquished political authority in his exile government and turned it over to democratically elected representatives.
Hawa Jaldi Main Hai
By : Tariq Qamar
[Hindi]
Rs.200.0000
Be a Network Marketing Millionaire (Tamil)
By : Deepak Bajaj
[Tamil]
One Minute Mentoring (Hindi)
By : Ken Blanchard and Claire Diaz-Ortiz
Copycat Marketing 101 (Malayalam)
By : Burke Hedges
[Malayalam]
Ek Hee Chehra Thaa Ghar Main
By : Khushbir Singh Shaad
Myth = Mithya : Decoding Hindu Mythology (Marathi)
By : Devdutt Pattanaik
[Marathi]
Arjun - पांडव योद्धा की गाथा
By : Anuja Chandramouli
13 Things Mentally Strong People Don't Do
By : Amy Morin
[Telugu]
Mrityucha Sohala
By : Rajendra Kher
Kahlil Gibran's Little Book of Secrets
By : Neil Douglas-Klotz
By : Robert T. Kiyosaki
AAPKE AVCHETAN MANN KI SHAKTI (Hindi edition of The Power of Your Subconscious Mind)
By : Dr. Joseph Murphy
RAHASYA (Hindi edn of The Secret)
By : Rhonda Byrne
SAWAL HI JAWAB HAIN (Hindi edn of Questions are the Answers)
By : Allan Pease
BADI SOCH KA BADA JADOO (Hindi edition of The Magic of Thinking Big)
By : David J. Schwartz
QUESTIONS ARE THE ANSWERS
[Punjabi]
By : Robert T Kiyosaki
By : Allan and Barbara Pease
Lok Vyavahar Ki Kala
By : Les Giblin
Regular Price: Rs. 95
Special Price Rs. 76
Copyright @ Manjul Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.


Christopher Ross, the UN mediator for Western Sahara, has failed to convince the Polisario separatist front to soften its position and go back to the negotiations table with Morocco, because of Algeria's firm opposition to Ross's proposal, according to an informed Sahrawi source in the Tindouf camps.
According to the same source, before Ross's trip, the Algerian regime had drawn to the Polisario the line not to be crossed during the talks with Ban Ki-Moon's personal envoy.
The silence observed by the Algerian media on the UN mediator's visit in the Tindouf camps, reflects the difficulty encountered by Christopher Ross in convincing his interlocutors and his interlocutors' embarrassment to be unable to put forward a valid alternative.
The Sahrawi separatist Front and its military and financial backer, Algeria, are strongly opposed to the autonomy plan proposed by Morocco to settle the Western Sahara conflict and stick to their unworkable idea to set up a tiny state in Western Sahara.
However, Algeria's standpoint is increasingly isolated at the international scale, particularly since the Security Council has repeatedly described the autonomy plan as "a serious and credible" basis to reach a settlement to this long-standing conflict which poisons Algerian-Moroccan relations.
Faced with the rise of terrorist and separatist groups in the Sahel region and the jihadist threat that has reached the Maghreb, major world capitals seek any way to reach a settlement of the Western Sahara issue, and consequently prevent the spread of insecurity and destabilization to this part of North Africa, which is for Europe, the last bulwark against the terrorist threat.


Will you soon be traveling to Palestine Area? On holiday in Palestine Area? Or go for business to Palestine Area? You will find all information about applying for your visa for Palestine Area. Visumdienst is experienced to arrange visa application, so that your travel documents for Palestine Area are in order!


text:
Nicola Antonio Zingarelli (Nápoles, 4 de abril de 1752-Torre del Greco, 5 de mayo de 1837) fue un compositor italiano, principalmente de ópera. Fue el último gran representante de la escuela napolitana.

Biografía

Inicios de carrera

Nicola Antonio Zingarelli nació en Nápoles. Tras la muerte de su padre, fue junto con sus hermanos Francesco y Giuseppe al Conservatorio de Santa María de Loreto, donde había servido su padre como maestro. Allí estudió bajo la tutela de Alessandro Speranza y Fedele Fenaroli.

El 22 de julio de 1772 abandonó el conservatorio y tomó el puesto de organista en Torre Annunziata. Con la ayuda de la duquesa de Castelpagano, el 13 de agosto de 1781 pudo representar en el Teatro San Carlo su primera ópera, Moctezuma. Zingarelli a continuación, inició su carrera como compositor de óperas, lo que le llevó a moverse mucho por Italia y Europa; entre 1785 y 1803 estuvo activo en el teatro de Milán, Venecia, Mantua, Turín, Florencia, Roma, Nápoles y París.

En 1789-90 Zingarelli fue a París para poner en escena Antigone. Salió de Francia a toda prisa en el momento de la revolución francesa y, finalmente, regresó a Italia. En 1793 fue nombrado maestro de capilla en la catedral de Milán y permaneció allí hasta 1794, cuando asumió el prestigioso puesto de maestro de capilla del Santuario de la Santa Casa, en Loreto.

Roma
En 1803 comenzó a descuidar la composición de óperas para dedicar más tiempo a la música sagrada. Luego, en 1804, fue nombrado maestro del coro de la Cappella Giulia en Roma y en 1804, maestro del coro de la Capilla Sixtina. En 1811 se negó profusamente, como patriota italiano, a dirigir un Te Deum por el nacimiento del hijo de Napoleón, conocido como rey de Roma, en la Basílica de San Pedro. Fue arrestado y llevado como prisionero a París. Sin embargo, Napoleón, que era admirador de la música de Zingarelli, pronto lo dejó en libertad y, además, recibió una pensión del estado.

Nápoles

En 1813, Zingarelli se trasladó a Nápoles, donde fue nombrado Director del Conservatorio, junto con Giovanni Paisiello, Giacomo Tritto y Fedele Fenaroli. Entre sus alumnos destacados estaban Vincenzo Bellini, Michele Costa, Alessandro Curmi, Saverio Mercadante y Luigi Felice Rossi. Luego, en 1816, reemplazó a Paisiello como maestro de coro de la catedral de Nápoles, cargo que ocupó hasta su muerte en 1837.

Murió en Torre del Greco en 1837.

Obras

Ópera

Desde los inicios de carrera Zingarelli se concentró en escribir óperas. Su debut con la ópera seria fue Moctezuma, estrenada el 13 de agosto de 1781 en el Teatro San Carlos, una obra que despertó cierto interés, aunque el público napolitano encontró que estaba demasiado "aprendido". De hecho, en 1785 Haydn la revivió en el teatro Eszterháza.

Antígona, en la que Zingarelli adoptó algunos de los principios de la reforma de la ópera francesa, obtuvo poco favor en París, después de que evitase la innovación y se contentase con fórmulas ya intentadas y probadas.

Zingarelli escribió 37 óperas cómicas en su prolífica carrera. Entre 1785 y 1803, escribió principalmente para La Scala de Milán, siendo Alsinda la primera obra que se produjo en ese teatro. Logró un éxito inmediato con Il mercato di Monfregoso y La secchia rapita. Sin embargo, Giulietta e Romeo es la obra que hoy en día a menudo se considera su mejor ópera. Su última ópera, Berenice, logró un éxito considerable en su vida después de una producción inicial en Roma.

Las óperas que sobreviven son:
 I quattro pazzi (intermezzo, 1768, Nápoles);
 Montezuma (ópera seria, libretto de Vittorio Amedeo Cigna-Santi, 1781, Nápoles);
 Alsinda (ópera seria, libretto de Ferdinando Moretti, 1785, Milán);
 Ricimero (ópera seria, libretto de Francesco Silvani, 1785, Venecia);
 Armida (ópera seria, libretto de Jacopo Durandi e Francesco Saverio de Rogatis, 1786, Roma);
 Antigono (ópera seria, libretto de Pietro Metastasio, 1786, Mantova);
 Ifigenia in Aulide (ópera seria, libretto de Ferdinando Moretti, 1787, Milán);
 Artaserse (ópera seria, libretto de Pietro Metastasio, 1789, Trieste);
 Antigone (ópera seria, libretto de Jean François Marmontel, 1790, París);
 La morte di Cesare (1790);
 Pirro re di Epiro (ópera seria, libretto de Giovanni De Gamerra, 1791, Milán);
 Annibale in Torino (ópera seria, libretto de Jacopo Durandi, 1792, Turín);
 Atalanta (ópera seria, libretto de C. Olivieri, 1792, Turín);
 L'oracolo sannita (ópera seria, libretto de D. Del Tufo, 1792, Milán);
 Il mercato di Monfregoso (ópera buffa, basada en el libretto Il mercato di Malmantile, de Carlo Goldoni, 1792, Milán);
 La Rossana (ópera seria, libretto de P. Calvi, 1793, Génova);
 La secchia rapita (ópera buffa, libretto de Angelo Anelli, 1793, Milán) (hay dudas sobre su autoría);
 Apelle (ópera seria, libretto de Simeone Antonio Sografi, 1793, Venecia) (revisada como Apelle e Campaspe en 1795);
 Alzira (ópera seria, libretto de Gaetano Rossi, da Voltaire, 1794, Florencia);
 Quinto Fabio (ópera seria, basada en el libretto Lucio Papirio dittatore de Apostolo Zeno, 1794, Livorno);
 Il conte di Saldagna (ópera seria, libretto de Ferdinando Moretti, 1794, Venecia);
 Gli Orazi e i Curiazi (ópera seria, libretto de Carlo Sernicola, 1795, Nápoles);
 Giulietta e Romeo (Romeo e Giulietta) (ópera seria, libretto de Giuseppe Foppa, 1796, Milán);
 Andrómeda (ópera seria, libretto de Giovanni Bertati, 1796, Venecia);
 La morte di Mitridate (Il Mitridate) (ópera seria, libretto de Antonio Simeone Sografi, 1797, Venecia);
 Ines de Castro (ópera seria, libretto de A. Gasparini, 1798, Milán);
 Meleagro (ópera seria, libretto de Giovanni Schmidt, 1798, Milán);
 Carolina e Mexicow (ópera seria, libretto de Gaetano Rossi, 1798, Venecia);
 Il ritratto (ópera buffa, libretto de Luigi Romanelli, 1799, Milán);
 Il ratto delle Sabine (ópera seria, libretto de Gaetano Rossi, 1799, Venecia);
 Clitennestra (ópera seria, libretto de Francesco Saverio Salfi, 1800, Milán);
 La notte dell'amicizia (ópera seria, libretto de Giuseppe Foppa, 1802, Venecia);
 Edipo a Colono (ópera seria, libretto de Antonio Simeone Sografi, 1802, Venecia);
 Il bevitore fortunato (ópera buffa, libretto de Luigi Romanelli, 1803, Milán);
 Il ritorno di Serse (ópera seria, libretto de G. De Ferrari, 1808, Roma);
 Baldovino (ópera seria, libretto de Jacopo Ferretti, 1811, Roma) (hay dudas sobre su autoría);
 Berenice regina d'Armenia (ópera seria, libretto de Jacopo Ferretti, 1811, Roma);
 Malvina (ópera seria, en colaboración con Michele Costa, 1829, Nápoles);

Música sacra
Siendo una persona profundamente religiosa, un católico, Zingarelli dedicó la mayor parte de su atención a las misas, oratorios, cantatas y motetes. Para Loreto compuso 541 obras, incluyendo 28 misas. En 1829 escribió una cantata para el Festival de Birmingham. Algo menos de un mes antes de su muerte, produjo un oratorio, La huida a Egipto. Su Misa de réquiem, compuesta para su propio funeral, se dice que encarna su mejor estilo devocional eclesial.

Fuentes

Enlaces externos

Compositores del Clasicismo de Italia
Compositores del Romanticismo de Italia
Compositores de ópera de Italia
Miembros de la Academia de las Artes de Berlín
Nacidos en Nápoles
Fallecidos en Torre del Greco
Compositores de la Escuela napolitana de ópera
Miembros de la Academia de Bellas Artes de Francia
Maestros de capilla de Italia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Chinese Wind Power Company opens facility at NC State
North Carolina Basic Business Taxes 2011
North Carolina Direct Financial Incentives 2011
China Ming Yang Wind Power Group Limited, a China-based wind turbine manufacturer, opened its North American Research and Development Center on the Centennial Campus, at North Carolina State University's Research Park and Technology Campus in Raleigh, North Carolina.
The center will focus research on offshore wind turbines to further enhance energy output and lower the cost of electricity, as part of Ming Yang's newly developed wind turbine generator.
"We welcome Ming Yang Wind Power to North Carolina. As the first industrial large-scale wind turbine research and development facility in the state, we look forward to a successful partnership in harnessing North Carolina's wind power potential," said Gov. Bev Perdue.
A number of indirect jobs will be created as part of construction of the wind power facilities. As an incentive to locating in the state, North Carolina Department of Commerce's Green Business Fund offers grants to companies that develop and market alternative energy technology and products.
"We are very excited to set up a new research and development center on NCSU's Centennial Campus to focus on cutting-edge technology research for our new wind turbines," said Chuanwei Zhang, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Ming Yang.
"The R&D center is Ming Yang's first step into the United States. North Carolina is a proven natural ground for a new wind turbine since the state has the best offshore wind resources on the east coast. The concept of modular technology that is being developed will likely be applicable to the rest of Ming Yang's product line, which will help to lower the cost of energy and increase reliability to make our wind turbines internationally competitive," said Yang.
As an incentive the firm will utilize expertise in the field available at the university. "We chose Centennial Campus as the location of our new research and development center to leverage the multi-disciplinary talent pool and provide a conducive environment for more innovations in this field," said Dr. Shu Ching Quek, President of Ming Yang USA. "Our focus is to reduce the cost of energy. This can be achieved through advanced manufacturing methods and increase of efficiency from turbine to farm level system optimization."
"This is an important collaboration for us," said Terri Lomax, vice chancellor of research, innovation and economic development. "Centennial Campus is quickly becoming a hub of activity associated with alternative energy technologies, smart grid research and distributed energy concerns. We're looking forward to working with Ming Yang on a number of different projects."
RELATED TOPICS AND ARTICLES
Frontline: What's Driving Down FDI?
America's Economic Strength Built on Global Connections
Reshoring Gains Traction in U.S. Manufacturing
How U.S. Manufacturers Can Navigate the Route to the New Trade Policy
Changing Investor Climates at Home and Abroad
U.S. Governors' Strategies to Attract FDI
Practical Considerations for Expanding into the U.S.
Location USA 2019: A Letter from Ian Steff, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Manufacturing, U.S. Department of Commerce
Workforce Strategies for Projects Generated by FDI
FDI in the USA Remains Unrivaled


What is Syrian about the Syrian war?
Peace talks in Geneva in January and February that for the first time brought representatives of the regime and the opposition to the table together failed to yield concrete results.
The report focuses on the immense damage caused to children affected by the conflict, including "the accounts of children whose lives have been devastated by the three year old war, and highlights the profound traumas many have experienced".


Remember the NME sponsored Blur-Oasis war of 95? Well ten years later and the record companies could have engineered another North South indie civil war, but due to some judicious scheduling we have been deprived of a potential face off between two of the gobbiest bands alive. In the North corner ladies and gentlemen we have serial bar room brawlers and returning to defend their title, Oasis. And representing us Souther puffs, the most overly self confident band since Oasis, from our very own fair city we give you: Razorlight.
Both bands are kicking new material out in the next month, Johnny Borrell's boys on Monday and the Gallagher mob in May. Why we can't see these two singles go head to head is beyond us but we're not going to forgive the spoilsports who prevented another great rock rift.
Of course band battles are utterly purile events with the music press acting as left shoulder demonic catylists, laughing as the intended victims throw feeble punches at each other like two old men trying not to fall over their walking sticks. They are of course utterly entertaining as well. There's nothing quite so amusing as watching grown men resort to playground name calling. A bit like politics really, only with better clothes.
So how do the two sides weigh up?
Well, Londonist finally managed to hear the new Oasis track, Lyla, and what do you know? It's not that bad. In fact it's really pretty good. OK, so it's not classic Oasis but it's a belter of a pop tune, all highly produced glam rock pomp stomp. Big sound, hideously catchy and a million miles away from the gritty northern pop stylings of their first albums. It's almost a song that Robbie Williams might have written had he kept hold of the Kiss leotard and scrapped the Sinatra fetish. Less standing on the shoulders of giants then and more hanging around their mid-riff. Rumour has it that Oasis will be playing a London club date soon, as will Coldplay - MTV are going to be offering the chance to win tickets.
Razorlight also draw heavily from the glam-pop cannon for their new single (and the first new material since Up All night) Somewhere Else. Kicking off with a spikey Going Underground riff it breaks into a huge dollop of Queen, stadium filling anthemic rock chorus repleat with massive production and crowd noises. It is absolute genius, drawing pop absurdity to new heights in the way that The D***ness never quite pulled off. Looks like we're going to have to pass the title to the Londoners on points.
Londonist favourites The Magic Numbers and The Duke Spirit are both on the road in May, The Magic Numbers at the Forum on the 12th and The Duke Spirit at the Astoria on the 21st.
Also in May the real Suede (or The Tears) to the rest of us: Brett Anderson and Bernard Butler try not to argue over who's the skinniest at the Shepherd's Bush Empire on the 23rd and the Eels (with strings - we're guessing that Mark Everett really is Joe 90 after all) play a seated (boo!) Royal Festival Hall on the same night. Choices choices. Oh and you can check out some wonderful new Eels material on their site.
Of course you could always get tickets to see Dinosaur Jr play a second night at the Forum on the 9th. Because we know how much you love those guys. Even more than we do right???
And if you still have a few quid to spare we highly recommmend you check out the sublimely gorgeous JoyZipper at the ICA on the 28th of this month. Their debut American Whip was one of the most beautiful albums of last year, gentle broken melodies with the darkest of lyrics, and and from the few whispers we've heard from their new one, Heartlight Set there's plenty more in store.
Finally Katie Melua and Will Young will be playing a free concert in Trafalgar Square on the 8th May to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Europe, VE day. Londonist wonders whether in another 60 years time there will be a concert to commemorate all those who've suffered through Will Young.


As the Pro Kabaddi League Season 6 comes to a close, ESPN picks out six things that no one saw coming.
The most bizarre-yet-brilliant development came via Bengaluru Bulls' Pawan Kumar Sehrawat. For a raider who had an average tally of one raid point a match in the last two seasons, Sehrawat's form in PKL 6 was unprecedented. Coach Randhir Singh Sehrawat clearly knew what no one else did. The team roped him in for Rs. 52.8 lakh - a 282.61% increase from his 2017 auction price of 13.8 lakh - and what a masterstroke that turned out to be. Known for his quick, blink-and-you-miss running hand touches, he ended with a whopping average of 11.29 raids per match and also finished on top of the total points, total raid points and super raids tally, surpassing PKL king Pardeep Narwal in the process.
If Nitesh Kumar was a raider, 100 points probably would not have been that big a deal. But then, he's not. He's a defender, and getting this many points as a defender is something the Pro Kabaddi League has not seen before. To give some perspective, the most a defender had scored in the three-month format introduced in 2017 was 80 points, scored by Surender Nada - India's top defender and left corner. This year, UP Yoddha's right corner Nitesh, a 21-year old, in only his second season in the PKL came and scored a rare - and the first - century by a defender in just 25 matches. His consistency became a talking point and now it won't be a surprise to see the young player in the Indian team as well, making the troublesome right corner position his own.
Now this was quite something. Patna Pirates had been one of the most consistent teams since the beginning of the PKL, never missing out on a play-off spot since the first edition of the league in 2014. They finished third in Season 1, fourth in the next and won the next three. And so, no one would have expected them to not even make the play-offs in season 6. This year, though, that's exactly what happened. Pardeep Narwal's solo act could not save the team, as they eventually finished outside the top three in their zone after losing out on the final playoffs spot to a resurgent UP Yoddha outfit.
Jaipur Pink Panthers and Tamil Thalaivas were two of the most star-studded and experienced teams this season and among the pre-tournament favourites. Jaipur comprised Deepak Niwas Hooda, Anup Kumar, Bajirao Hodage and Mohit Chillar. Tamil had Ajay Thakur, Jasveer Singh, Sukesh Hegde and Manjeet Chhillar. However, both teams flopped this season, ending 5th and 6th respectively in their zones. The teams looked promising on paper, but failed to make a mark as a whole, unable to click as a unit and being over-reliant on captains Deepak and Ajay.
The biggest, but perhaps most understated, shocker of the season came when kabaddi legend Anup Kumar announced his retirement from the game. The announcement came after Jaipur Pink Panthers failed to make the play-offs stage. No one saw it coming. Known for maintaining composure in high-pressure situations, 'Captain Cool' Anup had previously led U Mumba to victory in the second season of the PKL in 2015 after guiding them to a runner-up finish in season one. Having recently completed 15 years in the game, he had also captained India to the title at the Kabaddi World Cup in 2016.
Dabang Delhi had been the exact contrasts of Patna Pirates. Since 2014, they had never made the play-offs, almost always finishing in the bottom two. This season, though, came their breakthrough. With Chandran Ranjit and Ravindar Pahal leading the raiding and defence departments respectively and Naveen Kumar emerging as the best teenaged player of the season, they displayed a commanding and power-packed performance throughout the three months of competition, even beating pre-tournament favourites Bengal Warriors in the eliminators to finish fourth.