"The command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the Governor-General as the Queen's representative" – so runs s.68 of our Constitution, unaltered since 1900; indeed changed only as to two words, neither of any consequence, since the first draft of the Constitution was adopted at the initial convention of founding fathers on 9 April 1891, ninety-two years ago. And the words seem clear and unambiguous enough – "The command in chief … is vested in the Governor-General": no mention of Chiefs of Staff, none of Ministers for Defence, of Cabinet or of Prime Minister. Instead all the panache of a Boulanger, a general on a white horse, at the head of his armies, with standard unfurled.
Yet pick up any text-book or learned journal article on Australian constitutional law and the martial vision fades. What you will read will be much along these lines: that s.68 places "the overall command of the armed forces in the hands of the Executive Government (ie Cabinet);  that "the forces locally raised and maintained are, in the words of Sir Henry Parkes, as much subject to the responsible government of the Colony as any other branch of the public service";  or, in more colourful and rather emotive language, that "to speak of the Governor-General as "Commander-in-Chief" in the context of the modern defence structure is almost meaningless" he being "in effect no more than a glorified Patron of the Defence Forces".  He may retain his white horse, you might think, if he will, but, in terms of military command, it will certainly prove no horse of war.
The contrast between the words of s.68, appearing to confer supreme command in absolute terms, and the writings of constitutional lawyers is striking indeed; and it seems of some topical relevance that one should understand how it comes about that the splendidly wide sweep of military power which the express words of s.68 exhibit is regarded by constitutional scholars as lacking in substance. That the subject is not of interest only to legal historians of an antiquarian bent, that to some the words of s.68 are accepted at face value, unaffected by constitutional gloss, is shown by a sample of some modern statements, made in Federal Parliament and in journals devoted to defence matters, which turn on s.68 and its effect.
"As an extreme example of this the Sovereign has the power to influence or even to deny the use of the armed forces if it is clear that the government of the day intends that the armed services should be used for purely political ends of a domestic nature".
Views much at variance are, then, to be found about the position of the Governor-General as commander-in-chief; they range all the way from "no more than a glorified patron" to one who, as the ultimate possessor of the command function, waits, finger on the fatal button, for the report of the Senior Service Officer.
There may well have been some room for ambiguity surrounding the earlier, colonial models upon which the wording of s.68 seems to have been based, and from which the styles and titles of early colonial governors derive. But about s.68 itself and its effect there is, I think, on analysis, no ambiguity at all. It is not any question of the interpretation of s.68 having changed over the eighty years or so of our federal history. It is rather that s.68 has to be understood in its context. And by context I mean not merely the Constitution itself but the whole notion of responsible government as it was understood at Federation and is still understood. To reconcile the plain meaning which on their face the words of s.68 bear with what is, I think, the true constitutional position in law of the Governor-General as commander-in-chief requires a look at the history of the thing; in particular, at the evolution of responsible government in Britain's colonial possessions and at the changing role of Imperial Britain in the defence of her 19th century Empire.
It is no new phenomenon, this linking of the vice-regal office and that of commander-in-chief. It appeared in the various colonial Acts which in pre-Federation days created and regulated the separate armed forces of each of the Australian colonies.  But much earlier still, in 1610, when a royal governor was appointed to England's first permanent colony, Virginia, he was to be "principal Governor, Commander and Captain General both by Land and Sea", and was to be known as the "Lord Governor and Captain General of Virginia".  As royal colonies proliferated in the late 17th and 18th centuries the Governor customarily bore the title, as well as "Governor", of "Captain General" or "Commander-in-Chief"; and he had actual command of the local forces. But his position in relation to British troops stationed in the colony was never wholly clear; the commanders of those British troops were wont to assert their independence and in the American colonies from the mid 18th century a general officer was regularly appointed commander-in-chief, regardless of the title which, by their commissions, was bestowed upon the governors of the various colonies.  In the latter part of the 18th century positive steps were taken to deprive colonial governors of active military command, although they retained their title as commander-in-chief.
In parallel with this development in the colonial Empire of the 18th century was the growing resistance of local legislatures to vice-regal control of the local, colonial forces. In the long established colonies of the West Indies the popular assemblies were "never willing to grant to the governors any great authority over the military resources of the islands".  Thus colonial statutes made it illegal for governors to extend their power by recourse to a declaration of martial law without the assent of their assemblies.
In Canada and Jamaica, it is true, governors, if military men, were, towards the end of the 18th Century, specifically put in command of the troops, local and Imperial, and could draw on the Imperial paymaster general for some of the necessary expenditure.  But elsewhere governors, not so empowered, lacked substantial military power, despite their splendid military titles. The governor's authority over British troops remained far from clear.  Instructions prepared in 1764 had given to military commanders of British forces in the colonies, of whatever rank, and not to governors, control over the forces at their command, despite the superior nominal rank of colonial governors, whenever the military commander of the whole area, as, for example, the West Indies area, so directed. This led to difficulties during times of active hostilities, such as the Napoleonic wars. The course adopted as a war measure was to appoint to the West Indian colonies, thought to be targets of French aggression, governors who were senior serving officers, able to combine the role of governor and true commander-in-chief.
That worked well enough as a wartime measure but the peacetime military responsibility of the colonial governor remained a matter of doubt and some confusion during much of the 19th century. Only with the coming of responsible government to much of the colonies did a satisfactory solution begin to be worked out.  And by the end of the 19th century that solution was expressed in the Revised Regulations for the Colonial Service. They provided that "The governor of a colony, though bearing the title of Captain General or Commander-in-Chief, is not, without special appointment from Her Majesty, invested with the command of Her Majesty's regular forces in the colony". They went on to say that in the event of hostilities "the officer in command of Her Majesty's land forces assumes the entire military authority over the troops".  To reach this position involved a deal of turbulent history, much of it springing from the Maori Wars. In New Zealand, during those wars conflicting views of the vice-regal role came to a head and in the outcome led to those regulations taking the form they did.
The colonists' aspirations were met when, in 1852, New Zealand received representative, and what turned out to be responsible, government on the British model, only control over native affairs being retained by the Imperial government. When further trouble with the Maoris subsequently broke out in 1860 the governor, Gore Browne, happened to be a military man, a colonel by rank, as well as nominal Commander-in-Chief, and the local commander of British troops also a colonel, took his orders from him. However, when Major General Pratt arrived from Victoria to take charge of military operations he regarded himself, and not the governor, as supreme commander. In 1861, after conflict between them, both he and the governor were replaced. The home government, ever mindful of its tax-paying electorate, grudged the expenditure of British funds on hostilities with the Maoris, yet, so long as it retained ultimate responsibility for native affairs, it could not well avoid it.
The Governor, now once more Grey, soon found himself on good terms neither with his own New Zealand government nor with the commander of the 10,000 Imperial troops by that time in New Zealand. In 1865 Grey went so far as to himself lead an attack on a Maori strong point without consultation with the military commander, indeed in the face of his refusal to launch such an attack. Things went from bad to worse; the commander sought his own recall, which was granted, and the War Office observed that it was not "any part of the functions of a civil Governor of a colony to take the personal direction of military operations in the field".  Grey got on no better with the new military commander, whom he thought was ignoring him in the role which Grey claimed for himself as active Commander-in-Chief. The Colonial Office finally took decisive action. It regarded Grey's pretensions to military command as absurd. It resolved the position by deciding to withdraw all Imperial troops, at the same time leaving the New Zealanders to care for their own native affairs, using such forces as they might raise locally. These would be under the exclusive control of the local colonial Ministry.
No subsequent New Zealand Governor ever either claimed to be effective Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces or to interfere in the administration of native affairs as a matter of prerogative. Instead, as elsewhere in the Empire where responsible government was introduced, the local legislature assumed responsibility for its internal military affairs. The growth of colonial self government was seen by the Home Government as an opportunity to rid itself of the financial burden of supporting large bodies of troops overseas during peace-time. Effect could be given to the disinclination on the part of Britain to station Imperial troops anywhere in the colonies, India always excepted: here, as in so many other respects, India stands apart from the rest of the Empire. By the mid-1860s an Imperial policy had been adopted for the Empire's self governing colonies: there would be Imperial aid against perils brought about by Imperial policy, but those colonies were expected to assume substantial responsibility for their own internal security and for a measure of their own external defence.  A final withdrawal of Imperial troops from New Zealand and Australia in 1870, and substantially from Canada in 1871, marked the culmination of this policy.
This having been the position established in the various colonies from which the colonial politicians who were the framers of our Constitution came, it would have been strange indeed had this gathering of civilians intended to give to the Governor-General, the Sovereign's representative in Australia, a military authority which the Sovereign herself lacked and which was not possessed by the Australian colonial governors with whom they had worked during their own political careers. That it was not their intention becomes apparent when one finds the very point to have been the subject of detailed debate during the final Constitutional Convention, held in Melbourne in 1898. That debate  reveals not only that all who spoke on both sides were agreed that the Governor-General's title as Commander-in-Chief should confer no more than titular command. It also reveals that the Governors of some of the colonies had in the past sought to exercise aspects of actual military command and that it had only been after a long struggle that they had been substantially restricted to titular command only.
A word on the subject matter of the debate, which involved many of the most prominent of the delegates. Alfred Deakin, who was to be the second Australian Prime Minister, had moved that, to place the matter beyond doubt, the proposed s.68, then in substantially its present form, should be amended to include the words "acting under the advice of the Executive Council". He wanted it to be clear beyond question that, as Commander-in-Chief, the Governor-General should have no personal power but should act solely on the advice of his Ministers. In past years there had, he said, been instances in which Governors had exercised or attempted to exercise actual military command and control in the colonies; in Victoria that had been put to rights after what he called "a great quantity of correspondence, some of it of an exasperating and exasperated character". No risk, he thought, should be run of such assertions of power again being made after Federation by some Governor-General.
Barton, the first Prime Minister and later to become a justice of the High Court, opposed the amendment, not because he in any way disagreed with Deakin's view that the Governor-General should have only titular command, but because he thought that that was already the effect of the words as they stood. And so the debate ensued, both sides being agreed as to what was intended and being concerned only with whether or not it was sufficiently expressed. Two other future justices of the High Court, O'Connor and Isaacs, the latter of course also a future Governor-General, joined in the debate and ultimately the amendment was negatived. But the debate makes it clear that those taking part knew in detail, as one would expect, the whole history of the thing and that the Convention was at one in its view of what it was that s.68 should prescribe as the role of the Governor-General as Commander-in-Chief.
The final transformation, this century, of Empire into Commonwealth served only to underline what had long been obvious and well-accepted about the role of Governor-General as Commander-in-Chief. It was at the Imperial Conference of 1926 that the full equality of status of each of the members of the British Commonwealth of Nations was recognised, as was the consequence that, in the words of one of the resolutions passed at that Conference, Governors-General, representing the Crown, held "in all essential respects the same position in relation to the administration of public affairs in the Dominion as is held by His Majesty the King in Great Britain …". And you will recall what Alpheus Todd, some thirty years earlier, had said about the British Sovereign having already by then relinquished any independent control over the armed forces.
Once Australia became a co-equal member of the Commonwealth of Nations, with no vestige of colonial status, there remained no remnant of responsibility upon the Governor-General towards an Imperial government to exercise any particular role in relation to Australia's armed forces. These forces had long ceased to be Imperial and now the Governor-General had also ceased to have special links with the British, and formerly Imperial, government.
For reasons which Quick and Garran describe as "historical and technical, rather than practical or substantial,"  and which were much discussed both in the Convention debate to which I have already referred and ever since,  s.68, unlike many other references to the Governor-General in our Constitution, makes no reference to the Federal Executive Council. One may regret that considerations of elegance of drafting and, perhaps, fear of being regarded in Whitehall as constitutionally naïve led to this omission and thus left room for misconceptions about the effect of s.68.
"The question here depends on the Constitution, not on provisions of the Defence Act. Some provisions of the Constitution refer to 'the Governor-General in Council' – which section 63 stipulates is to be construed as the Governor-General acting with the advice of the Federal Executive Council: but other provisions refer simply to 'the Governor-General'. The distinction is significant. Section 68 states that 'The Command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the Governor-General as The Queen's representative' – not in the Governor-General in Council. It follows that orders by the Governor-General to the Defence Force, including calling it out, are given by virtue of the authority of command in chief. That does not mean that His Excellency may act without ministerial advice. He must act on the advice of a responsible minister; but not necessarily by an Order-in-Council after a meeting of the Executive Council.
Having given Sir Victor the last word, may I add a postscript? Purely titular my title of Commander-in-Chief may be, but it does reflect the quite special relationship that I believe exists between the Governor-General and the armed forces of the Commonwealth. It is a close relationship of sentiment, based neither upon control nor command but which in our democratic society expresses on the one hand the nation's pride in and respect for its armed forces and, on the other, the willing subordination of the members of those forces to the civil power. Thank you all for bearing so long with me as I have, I fear all too discursively, explored some aspects of the significance of s.68 of our Constitution.
 Revised Regulations for the Colonial Service 1892II, 10 and 11, now reproduced as at 1956 as Colonial Regulations Part II, regs.105 et seq.
 Most recently and extensively in Winterton – Parliament, the Executive and the Governor-General 1983, p.13 et.seq.


text:
Q: How should I install software from source so that I can make my configuration manageable and reproducible? Related question on Unix/Linux: How should I install software from source so that I can make my configuration manageable and reproducible? However, I've tailored this question more towards the Mac OS X ecosystem.
I work with a lot of scientific software on Mac OS X (currently 10.7, but also 10.6). In order to maximize performance and get access to the latest features, it's often preferable to compile software from source.
However, doing so is messy, and can lead to configuration problems. Since I also develop in Linux, I looked at all of the suggestions in the Unix & Linux question "How to compile and install programs from source" and the Unix & Linux question Where should I put software I compile from source? for some guidance. These questions are a good place to start, but it's not clear to me how I can manage dependencies and the configuration easily. For example, if I build the development branch of NumPy from source, how should I detect, manage, and resolve dependencies so that I can manage my configuration? A package manager like MacPorts, Homebrew, or Fink is one option, but if I go that route to manage my configuration, how do I compile packages so that I can use those package managers to manage dependencies? Is there something like something like checkinstall for these package managers? My goal here is to make installing and uninstalling software relatively painless without cluttering my configuration.
I'd also like to make my configuration reproducible. By that, I mean I'd like to set up a workflow for installing software on my machine so that I could repeat it exactly on a fresh OS install. Is there a best practice for that? When it comes to standard packages in a Linux package manager, the simplest method for repeating a software install is to make a script containing the appropriate apt-get install <package> (or equivalents). However, when installing software from source, I could see this method getting very complicated. Is there a better way?
Furthermore, for Mac OS X, many applications are installed by copying a *.app file to /Applications, or by double-clicking on a *.pkg file. Can I install these from a command line and script the installation of these packages? Furthermore, is there a good way to uninstall these packages?

A: I think that a package manager will do most of what you need. I will show macports as that is the one I know but the others have similar functionality.
If you use the standard packages ie the up to date ones that have been packaged then macports will do all the dependencies for you. e.g. building scipy knows it has to build numpy first and will do it. You can also ninstall a port easily - macports will tell you if any ports depend on it. If a port is chnaged then macports will update the ports depending on it.
You can also manually chnage the port to deal with development versions of numpy for example. You will have to produce a copy of the port file and edit that see macports guide. The minimum would be to change the version and the rules for downloading so you get different code but can include many patches for OSX specific functions.
You can keep track of what you have installed by port list (also more advanced calls to minimise the number of commands you need. The changes you made will be in your local  Portfile repository  which will need to be backed up and a small change to the defualt macports config made.

A: It sounds like there are really two questions here:

*

*How to auto configure distributed source code.

*How to install pre-compiled application bundles from the command line.

For source distribution, it sounds like GNU autoconf is what you are looking for.
For pre-compiled .app bundles, command line installation is as simple as
cp -R MyApp.app /Applications/

This assumes 10.5 or later, where the command line tools are fully OS X aware.
For pre-compiled .pkg bundles, command line installation is
installer -package MyApp.pkg -target /

Both of the above commands need to be preceded by sudo if installation will require administrative privileges.  When in doubt, assume it will:
sudo installer -package MyApp.pkg -target /

Bonus installer tip: you can turn any folder into a .dmg like this:
hdiutil create -ov -format UDBZ -noscrub -srcfolder MyAppsFolder/ MyAppImage.dmg

Include a symbolic link to /Applications/ in that folder, along-side your .app, and end-users can drag-and-drop.
Advanced Bonus Tip: Look in PAM for the PERL utility Mac::Finder::DSStore.  This lets you edit the .DS_Store file in your .dmg's template folder so that you can precisely place icons and graphics.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Super Easy Lemon Bars - made with only 5 simple ingredients!
Super Easy Lemon Bars. With only 5 simple ingredients and an incredibly easy recipe. Bake these luscious lemon bars and anyone who tastes them will just rave about them!
Great lemon bars are an absolute baking classic. When I came home from school yesterday I found the house filled with the scent of these easy-to-make yet simply irresistible cookie bars.
Easy is the operative word in this recipe. They start with simple 3 ingredient crispy shortbread bottom. The simple whisked-together lemon custard top is also oh so easy. By the end of the day, the entire batch had disappeared.
With only 5 simple ingredients, these lemon bars are sure to become a new stand by recipe in your house like it did in mine. Once you see how fast and easy it is to throw together a batch of these incredibly tangy and delicious lemon bars, you'll never waste another lemon again.
For lime lovers check out the Lime Bars version of this fantastic, easy recipe.
Like this lemon bars recipe?
We have over 200 more great recipes like this in our Cookies Category and for other sweet ideas browse through hundreds of recipes in our Desserts Category.
Lemon squares are one of my ultimate favourites and I've been craving them for awhile – I'll try this recipe tonight!
I have been craving lemon bars – yours look delicious!
FINALLY got around to making these over the weekend – BEST LEMON SQUARES EVER!! They were breakfast, lunch and dinner at our house – love them!!
These are going to be my "go-to" Lemon Bars… what am I saying, all your recipes are becoming my "go-to" recipes. Wonderful!!!
Oh my goodness. Very first recipe I tried to start my new life of cooking and treating myself well and luckily. It was this one. Literally melt in your mouth deliciousness. Thank you for sharing.
Just made these tonight as a thank you present for a friend who helped me move and loves lemons. Of course I taste tested, and they are great! So lemon-y! He will love them!
This recipe is dangerous! It's so delicious and easy to make, I've just made my second batch. I made the first one a week ago.
Double check your measurements too. I have never had that happen. Did you use real dairy butter?
These are delicious! But I have to ask. How is the crust supposed to be? Hard or soft? Mine turned out quite hard.
Crisp but not hard. Your oven may be a little hotter than mine. Try baking the bottom for a little less time next time.
Just made these as part of my rainy Sunday cooking marathon (I love rainy/snowy Sundays)….wow… Easy and Yummy.. Definitely a keeper!
I find they do freeze for short times. Add the powdered sugar after defrosting though.
Best in the fridge I think. I'd keep them in the parchment lined pans, then dust them with the icing sugar and cut before transporting or on-site.
When you say whisk, you mean with a hand beater, stand mixer or by hand?
I do it by hand.
omg! Delicious, easy and oh soo good!
Everyone says so! It sure is a popular recipe.
What if I do not have parchment paper? Is this a necessary requirement?
Not necessary but it makes them super easy to lift from the pan and cut.
Have a question I am making them and how should the crust look.. Mine looks powder.. I use the right amount of flour and butter and food processor.
It should be fne as long as you press it well into the pan.
Okay i don't cook much but could't help but try this recipe! Question, I used an electric mixer to mix the crust part. (which was kinda a mess) – i don't have a food proccessor.
it was really powdery. once i got it to the pan though i just used my fingers and got it together? and also is the filling suppose to be kinda runny before adding it to the crust?
A mixer must have been quite a mess! You may have also over measured the flour but as long as you pressed it firmly into the pan it should have worked pretty well. The topping will be quite runny before baking.
Never made them gluten free I'm afraid.
I just made these gluten free using coconut and almond flour and using palm of coconut sugar. They are really quite tasty!
What was the measurements of the flour mix?
Hi just checking when you say flour, do you mean self raising or plain flour? Having a family dinner and would love to make these. Thank you!!
plain flour. We don't use self rising flour at all here.
This recipe is the best! I made them at Christmas and they never made it to the dessert table. After the first person tried one everyone wanted one and they were gone 10 minutes after I walked in the door. I'm an inexperienced baker and all the Rock recipes I've tried (about 6 now) have turned out great – I love this site!! The strawberry chiffon bars are another huge hit with my family. Thanks so very much for sharing!
So great to hear they were a success.
Hello, do you know how many calories are in this dessert?
No idea. There are online calculators for that sort of thing.
I made these over the holidays and this recipe is a keeper!
I just pulled these from my oven! They went together fast , easy. They smell and look awesome. ( I added alittle spash of homemade limoncello) and I happened to have fresh meyer lemons ♡ YUM! Thanks for sharing.
Just tried baking these! They're amazing!!!
Absolutely love! So easy and fast to make! They taste wonderful!
Can I just check that the lemon layer is quite watery when unbaked? I'm not too confident about pouring this liquid layer above my pastry!
Yes the flour will thicken it.
love it…instead of using the lemon though I use the 2 tsp lemon extract and it still came out great. Thanks.
Can you make these the night before? If I do, do they need to be refrigerated?
I always refrigerate them when cooled and baked.
They look delicious but I definitely would not consider it a "super easy" recipe.
I actually laughed at that comment. If this isn't easy, I don't know what is.
Best lemon bars ever! and so easy to make. Thank you!
Just made these for dessert. Super easy and super delicious!! Everyone loved them!
I made these Lemon Bars for my brother for his Birthday. I took the whole pan to him and did not cut them. He tasted them and said they were delicious but he wanted to know why they had paper under them. I reread the recipe and did not see any instructions for removing the paper.
did miss something. Overall a great easy recipe and delicious too.
That was hilarious about the parchment paper! No disrepect either, but I needed that laugh!!!
These lemon bars were super easy and extremely delicious. My son went crazy over them. My crust wasn't as firm as I wanted it, so I'll bake it a little longer the next time.
How much is 1 cup of butter? Is it 1 pound?
One cup of butter is 1/2 pound of butter.
Hi, these look lovely! What type of sugar did you use?
Can you use bottled lemon juice instead of fresh lemon juice?
I have done that before. It should work.
I can't wait to try making these! Quick question: salted or unsalted butter?
Either really. Your preference. I mostly bake with salted butter and omit any salt tin the recipe.
No, just whisk together and pour on.
This recipe is my go to recipe. It's the simplest dessert recipe I have, yet it's my husband's and my sister's favorite.
For glass pans, you recommend baking the pastry bottom at 325. After you pour in the filling, do you still bake it at 325 or bring up the heat to 350?
No you can continue to bake at 325 for glass bakeware.
How big of a pan do I use?
Barry, the same exact recipe is listed on dessertsthendinner website, but it says to use an 8×8 pan. 9×13 is quite a bit larger. I'm afraid there won't be enough crust to cover the bottom & definitely not be able to come up the sides. How thick is the crust when fully pressed out?
I don't like the crust too thick. Lemon bars are traditionally thinner than a lot of other cookie bars but to each their own.
Barry, how thick should the crust be when pressed into the bottom of the pan?
First time making lemon bars, thank you for sharing this easy recipe they came out delicious!!
Do these freeze ok? Trying to get the rest of my christmas baking done and want to make these and hoping they can be frozen. I have all 3 of the Rock Recipe cook books and love trying the recipes. Great gift for people how live away like myself!
They do freeze okay but freeze them on a cookie sheet before freezing them in airtight containers with parchment paper between the layers.
Twice I have made these, first time with a gluten free flour replacement. Worked out fine, a little more dense base than with flour. The lemon seem to be overpowering. as I used the zest and juice of two lemons. Having to top up the lemon juice to 2/3 cup with real lemon concentrate. I wasn't completely satisfied with the outcome. It was worth a try.
Second attempt I used a little less lemon zest, zest of 1 1/2 lemons. Juice of 4 smaller lemons. Regular flour. I have yet to try them as they are in the cooling process. Smelling, looking awesome. Am a huge fan of your recipes Barry.
Made these last Christmas and have this Christmas' in the oven. My favourite and will always be on my annual Christmas baking list! Delicious and simple.
I don't have a food processor, I have a bullet, kitchen aide and a food chopper. Suggestions on what to use to make crust?
Just cut the butter in with 2 butter knives held between your fingers if you don't own a pastry cutter.
This is my new go-to recipe. They are literally fool proof!
The only thing I do differently, at the advise from a fellow baker, is I melt the butter and mix in the flour/sugar for the crust and pat down in pan and bake per instructions. I would have never thought this was a good idea–now I don't know if I will ever use my pastry cutter again. I have made these 3 times this way and the crust is awesome this way and what a time saver!!!!
Still laughing about the paper on the bottom and when to remove. And great analogy about a cupcake!
Anyway, thank you for such a great recipe using more than a lousy tablespoon or two of lemon juice!
I am apprehensive about trying it (who has time to start over?), but am intrigued.
Do you do this for all crusts?!
I melt my butter too. Turns out great.
Anybody know the serving size and calories per serving?
Is the amount of lemon juice a whole cup or 2 lemons? I've never seen 2 lemons that would produce 1 cup of juice. They would need to be the size of oranges. Just want to be sure. They look divine.
There was an error in the word order with recent the new recipe format software. It is now fixed.
I made these at Christmas and gave to neighbors with other cookie treats and I am asked to make more!!!! My truly favorite part is the crust! I've never been able to make pie crust but you're instructions made it easy and perfect! Thank you!
I am a little worried about the lemon zest part. What do you mean by "finely chopped"? I have never zested a lemon, but I know I would need a zester. Right? Would it be necessary to chop the zest?
I actually use the fine side of a box grater to zest lemons. The goal is to avoid as much of the bitter white part of the peel as possible. I then put the grated zest on a cutting board and finely mince it into specks using a chefs knife.
Just wanted to say that this recipe was a real "find"… am presently in Mexico and wanted a recipe for lemon bars that used ingredients I have on hand… which was everything except the confectioners sugar. So I looked up online how to make confectioners sugar from regular sugar. I used my blender and just blended it into powdered sugar… for the sprinkle of powdered sugar topping. I may never buy powdered sugar again.
I also want to say it's a good idea to let these set a little while after cooking before serving them. But then they are perfect! Thank YOU!
Follow the recipe exactly and you will NOT be disappointed. They dough may look like it won't fill out the bottom of a 9×13-don't worry, it will and the lemon topping will be watery when you place it in the oven-don't worry, it will stiffen up.
Never made before tonight, will make again for sure! Big hit and super easy.
Recipe made about 15 bars (appx 2in by 2in) but you can get more out of it easier by cutting differently.
I would love to make this but 'cups' aren't commonly used here and I was wondering if you have the recipe for the metric system?
I know i can look up how to convert but I'm scared the quantities won't be the same then….
I made these yesterday in glass bakeware and cooked the crust at 325 as directed. That was a BAD idea. I had to cook the crust for an additional 8 or 10 minutes after that…I looked up a few other lemon bar recipes, and they all say bake at 350. I'd suggest removing that part from the recipe.
After that, I baked the entire thing (with the lemon topping) at 350, not 325, and it turned out great.
Quite unusual. Almost every baking recipe I've ever seen says to lower the temp for glass bakeware. Perhaps your actual oven temperature is off.
thank you so much for the recipe these came out amazing!
The recipe is amazing! I've made it so many times! But how would one go about to incorporate some blueberries into this recipe? Would I just add them or should something be scaled back on to get the right consistency?
Might be tricky. The blueberries will give off extra moisture.
Help! What the hell happened? Followed step by step it came out a mess. The lovely tasting custard/curd ended up leaking below the paper under the shortcake. Came out a squishy mess 🙁 ?
No idea but something went astray in your method. Thousands of other people have great success with this recipe. Did you use real butter in the bottom layer?
Looks delicious! Might be a dumb question but how necessary is the lemon zest?? I don't have lemons and I'm wanting to make these tonight!
For full flavour, I think it is necessary but the recipe will work without it…just not as lemmony.
I have made lemon squares for a few years now, this is the easiest and most delicious recipe. The lemon bars came out perfect and very delicious. Got tons of compliments. Thanks Barry for sharing!
Here's a new one! My pan came out of the oven with one side of the pan looking great; however, the other side had the bottom layer on top and the lemon custard on the bottom. Tastes ok (except its difficult to get them cut with the parchment paper there………). Probably my oven.
I have tried a few lemon square recipes and this one will be my favorite one by far!!
I was wondering if I can cut the amount of sugar for the lemon layer? Looks very delicious.
Made these luscious lemon squares tonight. Perfection and super easy to make. I grated my cold butter into the food processor to ensure a fine crumble base. Added the seeds of one vanilla bean pod to the cookie base. 3 juicy Meyer lemons gave me 3/4 of a cup of juice. Used the zest of all 3 lemons in the curd. Delish! I'm going to make them with a meringue layer next time. Thx!
Made these tonight and they are so yummy! They remind me of the lemon squares my grandma made when I was a kid. Very easy to make and turned out beautiful. This recipe is a keeper. Thanks for sharing.
I don't bake a lot of gluten frre beaking but if you can find a flour that works well in shortbread it should be ok here.
Pillsbury has a gluten free flour and I made them with that. They turned out FANTASTIC. I have even been asked to sell them! I usually sift the Gluten free flour a few times to put some air in it. It works with anything I bake and it is easier to find than some. Good Luck!
Okay wow. no one at home likes lemon bars but i still got compliments. My opinion mattered the most because i was craving them and i was searching for along time for the perfect recipe and good Godthsi was it! after i failed miserably twice using other recipes i was hesitant to use this but i did and it it turned out great. the biscuit layer was SOO delicious that i think i might make cookies out of it !:)thank u for this lovely recipe !
These lemon bars look amazing! Our family loves this classic spring dessert. A question though; why does the filling rest for 10 minutes before baking?
The flour in the filling is the thickening agent. Letting it rest expands the gluten in the flour and aids the lemon filling to set.
How can I use margarine instead of butter? Freeze the margarine? I know it won't be as good but I don't have butter.
I always use butter…but many people bake with margarine. I'd certainly try it.
As a child growing up in Cape Breton I have fond memories of the Co-op bakery horse and wagon going around the neighbourhood in the 60's. My fondest memories are of the Lemon squares that my mom would routinely purchase.
I have dreamt of these for years. And you have found them for me! I made these yesterday and wish to thank you so very much for the memories and the delicious recipe. I think next time I bake these I will not bake the crust as long as they were harder than I remember…but still delicious. And I did not coat with icing sugar..I don't beleive it's necessary.
Can you make these in a sheet cake pan (10×15)?
If so does cooking time change?
Too large a pan. When scaling up pan sizes, just calculate the area of the pan as opposed to the area of the pan used in a recipe and make the necessary adjustments in ingredient amounts.
I have many friends who love lemon bars and this is bar far one of the best recipes. I am making it tonight with gluten free flour for my gluten sensitive friends. They ask for them often. I messed up and made them in an 8×8 dish one day. Once I figured it out they were already in the oven, so I increased the baking time and prayed! They were amazing!!! I have even drizzled fresh raspberry sauce on them for a super special treat! Thank you for sharing this recipe.
So great to hear that you are learning such a valuable skill so young. You'll never regret it. I know that for sure!
Hi, I don't have a food processor. What else could I use?
Just the old fashioned way: A pastry cutter or just a couple of butter knives held between your fingers.
Hi really want to try these but I'm confused about the crust part. I bake it first then take it out and add the filling?
yes, then back in the oven.
I absolutely love anything made with lemons. I lost a really good recipe I had had for lemon squares, so in my search for a new one, I came across yours and tried it. What can I say other than thank you for your amazingly delicious recipe! It tops my old one in flavour and in ease of making. I've made these lemon squares many times now, and I've yet to have them not turn out beautifully. I think the key is to line the pan with parchment paper which makes them a breeze to lift out of the pan to cut and serve. Thank you again for sharing your wonderful recipe, which has now become a family favourite.
and thank you for such a great review!
How do I put the meringue topping on, like after it is baked and cooled??
There is no meringue topping in this recipe but I suppose you could if you wanted, in the same way you would do it for pie.
Would cutting the recipe in half work for an 8×8 or 9×9 pan? I need to make a smaller batch than a 9×13 pan.
A 9×9 is 2/3 of the recipe.
Really yummy and so lemony! The base was slightly underdone (not crisp) in the middle, but that's the fault of our oven, not the recipe!
Please advise of what dish to use for 18 bars.
If you were wondering about the gluten free crust, I use Bob's Red Mill 1 to 1 Baking Flour. It's the one in the blue package – NOT the red one.
I followed the recipe but I don't get what to do at the end. Do I pour the lemon layer/filling part on top of the crust and bake it again? i tried to pour it over but it was liquidy and ran down the sides of the crust. Did I do something wrong when making the lemon part or something?
Seems like your oven may be running a bit hot but yes, you go pour the liquid lemon mixture into the crust and bake again.


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Maintenance of bone health is an important issue for cancer survivors, yet it is currently poorly managed, according to Flinders University medical oncologist Professor Bogda Koczwara.
Professor Koczwara, the Head of Medical Oncology for the Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, has been awarded a Translating Research into Practice Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council worth $170,689 to conduct research aimed at improving management of bone health among cancer survivors.
"A number of cancer treatments — especially treatments for breast cancer, prostate cancer and bone marrow transplantation — can reduce bone density and lead to osteoporosis, which is already a significant health problem in Australia," Professor Koczwara said.
"Cancer and osteoporosis are diseases of older age so osteoporosis after cancer is a result of a combination of cancer-related and age-related risk.
"The majority of cancer survivors are survivors of breast and prostate cancer who are at particular risk of osteoporosis given the nature of hormonal treatment they receive.
"However, survivors of these cancers frequently do not have their bone loss assessed or managed as there is no clearly agreed approach to management, a lack of agreement about who is responsible for bone health and a lack of easy access to evidence on how to best manage bone health after cancer."
As part of the two-year fellowship, Professor Koczwara will examine national and international evidence supporting bone health management after cancer. The second part of the fellowship aims to identify and address the barriers to care delivery.
"There are guidelines out there but they're not necessarily accessible to those who deliver the care," Professor Koczwara said.
"Improving bone health after cancer requires bridging the gap between evidence and practice and ensuring that information on how to manage bone loss is easily available to relevant providers at the right time in the cancer journey."
Professor Koczwara said she hoped to develop web-based resources on bone health to be available to health care providers through the eviQ platform — an online resource providing evidence-based cancer treatment guidelines.
"In an ageing society where people, including cancer survivors, are living longer, maintenance of bone health is an important part of their management and health care providers must be adequately equipped to deliver this aspect of care after cancer."


text:
Turkey's Erdogan wants to broaden definition of terrorists to include supporters
Forensic officers work on the site of a suicide bomb attack in Ankara, Turkey March 14, 2016. REUTERS/Umit Bektas
ANKARA (Reuters) - Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan said on Monday it was necessary to broaden the definition of terrorists to include supporters of terrorism, who are equally guilty.
Speaking after another bombing in the Turkish capital which killed 37 people, Erdogan said: "It's not only the person who pulls the trigger, but those who made that possible who should also be defined as terrorists, regardless of their title," adding this could be a journalist, an MP or a civil society actor.
Reporting by Dasha Afanasieva; editing by David Dolan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: C# window application get word from the cursor position from the other application I have C# window application and I want to get text where the cursor is currently located or text is selected from the other application like notepad, notepad++ or any browser etc.

A: Did you already have a look at this CodeProject article ? This could be a start even if this is not exactly what you are looking for.
See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms632604(v=vs.85).aspx.
If it do not solve your issue, have a look at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.automation.textpattern.getselection(v=vs.110).aspx, as suggested in the comments.

A: Getting the text under the cursor (or from the caret) requires UI Automation and TextPattern support from the application.  The problem is that not all applications support this, and the older the application, the less likely it is to have TextPattern support.
Getting selected text is, ironically enough, somewhat easier, although still not 100%.  I outlined a solution in this answer.  It does involve managing focus and manipulating the clipboard for the most general solution, and it is by no means perfect.
Another option, that involves a ton of work, is to use a mirror driver to capture the screen contents, and then use other technologies (OCR, etc.) to capture the text.  I don't really recommend this; it's not supported in Windows 8 and above, but if you absolutely have to have 100% support across applications with the least impact, then it's a possibility.  It's a lot of work, though.  Definitely not for the squeamish.

A: This is possible using Accessibility technologies (like screen readers). However, it will require a great deal of troubleshooting:
The answer about MSAA on the following question is where you will need to start.
Best way to get the 'word before the cursor' in any open app's text field
Also, the following question is helpful about implementing it:
How to get the word under the cursor in Windows?

A: The problem is that you are trying to get data from another application. Unless that application supports a way to provide this to you it will be very difficult.
It would be much easier if the info could be retrieved from within the application, like from within a textbox or rich text control on a form

A: You can use clipborad to copy or get that text and then transfer it to your desired window.

A: You can use SendKeys class to demonstrate the keyboard.
For example you can use SendKeys.Send("^C") in your program and then a code to focus on Notepad++ and then SendKeys.Send("^V").
SendKeys.Send("^C");
// code to change active window and focus on Notepad++.
SendKeys.Send("^V");

A: Thanks for help me.
Still I'm not able to get the text from the caret position. So finally I get the all the text from the active window and fetch my text using Regex.
    private string SelectText(IntPtr hWnd)
    {
        string text = string.Empty;
        Regex regex = new Regex(@"(\d{3}-\w{5,8})");

        if (InputSimulator.IsKeyDown(VirtualKeyCode.SHIFT))
        {
            InputSimulator.SimulateKeyUp(VirtualKeyCode.SHIFT);
        }

        if (InputSimulator.IsKeyDown(VirtualKeyCode.MENU))
        {
            InputSimulator.SimulateKeyUp(VirtualKeyCode.MENU);
        }

        InputSimulator.SimulateModifiedKeyStroke(VirtualKeyCode.CONTROL, VirtualKeyCode.VK_C);
        text = Clipboard.GetText();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(text) && regex.IsMatch(text))
        {
            Thread.Sleep(100);
            text.Trim();
            string[] textArr = text.Split(' ');
            text = textArr[textArr.Length - 1];
        }
        else
        {
            InputSimulator.SimulateModifiedKeyStroke(VirtualKeyCode.CONTROL, VirtualKeyCode.VK_A);
            InputSimulator.SimulateModifiedKeyStroke(VirtualKeyCode.CONTROL, VirtualKeyCode.VK_C);
            ClickOnPoint();
            Thread.Sleep(100);
            text = Clipboard.GetText();
            MatchCollection matchCollection = regex.Matches(text);
            if (matchCollection.Count > 0)
            {
                text = matchCollection[0].Value;
            }
            else
            {
                text = string.Empty;
            }
        }

        Clipboard.Clear();
        return text;
    }


text:
the-kennedy-veil in - News, CD Reviews, DVD Reviews
During an appearance on the "Rock 'N' Roll Icons With Bode James" podcast, MEGADETH bassist David Ellefson was asked if he thinks the recently announced working title for the band's upcoming album, "The Sick, The Dying And The Dead", will stick or it will end up getting changed. He responded (see video below): "Like Dave ...
This year will mark the 45th anniversary of the passing of Tommy Bolin, the supremely talented guitarist and songwriter, best known for his work with DEEP PURPLE and THE JAMES GANG, who captivated the world with his sophisticated and ferocious playing. Bolin's tragic death, when he was a mere 25 years old, has been one ...
KISS bassist/vocalist Gene Simmons, who has been open about his poverty-stricken childhood in Israel, spoke to American Songwriter about the immense wealth he has accumulated in the five decades since the band's formation. "We're not supposed to revel in our riches," he said. "But that's bullshit. That's bullshit because everybody — ...
CATTLE DECAPITATION's music video for the song "Finish Them" can be seen below. Directed by Nicholas Vidler, the clip features live footage from the band's sold-out shows in Melbourne, Australia in early 2020. The track is taken from CATTLE DECAPITATION's latest album, "Death Atlas", which was released in November 2019 via Metal Blade Records. Vocalist ...
Epiphone, the leading accessible guitar brand For Every Stage, presents the new Nancy Wilson Fanatic. The Fanatic is created and co-designed by Nancy Wilson of HEART and the luthiers at Epiphone in Nashville, Tennessee, and marks Wilson's first Epiphone signature guitar and her second guitar overall with Gibson Brands. The Epiphone Nancy Wilson Fanatic is ...
Necroceros - ASPHYX
As old school and gnarly as it gets, ASPHYX have been flying the flag for making death metal properly for more than 30 years. Okay, so the current lineup is almost entirely different from the one that released "The Rack" (an immortal classic, fact fans!) in 1991, but current guitarist Paul Baayens has already proved ...
Posted in: CD Reviews
Reborn - EKTOMORF
Determination personified since 1994, EKTOMORF have been omnipresent and unrelenting over the last two decades. Batting away the obvious geographical disadvantages of hailing from Hungary, Zoltán Farkas's band have toured and recorded relentlessly, earning the respect of a sizeable following, both in Europe and internationally. Admittedly, EKTOMORF have always seemed to exist out of time, ...
In a new interview with Antihero, DEF LEPPARD drummer Rick Allen was asked if he has ever thought about writing a book. He responded: "I have been asked a few times to author a book from publishers, but they all want a rock and roll tell-all book, and that's not something ...
ICED EARTH's JON SCHAFFER Makes First Court Appearance, Will Remain In Jail Until At Least Friday
According to WISH-TV, ICED EARTH guitarist Jon Schaffer made his first court appearance on Monday (January 18) and will remain in jail until at least Friday (January 22) in connection with his role in the January 6 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol. Schaffer turned himself in to police in Hamilton County ...
NERVOSA Releases Music Video For 'Under Ruins'
NERVOSA's music video for the song "Under Ruins" can be seen below. The track is taken from the band's upcoming album, "Perpetual Chaos", which will arrive on January 22 via Napalm Records. The LP was recorded in Malaga at Artesonao Casa de Grabación Studio by Martin Furia, who also produced the new full-length with founding ...
THE BLACK CROWES' CHRIS ROBINSON Says Playing With His Brother Again In 2019 After Six-Year Break 'Felt Amazing'
Matt Pinfield recently kicked off his "New & Approved" KLOS rock show with THE BLACK CROWES frontman Chris Robinson. Robinson spent some time discussing his life amid the pandemic which has rendered much more family time for the Georgia native. Now reflecting back on the beginning stages of the CROWES, formerly known as MR. CROWE'S ...
AUGUST BURNS RED Drops Animated Music Video For New Song 'Standing In The Storm'
Lancaster, Pennsylvania's AUGUST BURNS RED is starting 2021 off strong by dropping the animated video for a brand new song called "Standing In The Storm". "'Standing in the Storm' is a song about fighting for something important to you, and enduring the hardships that come with that fight," says guitarist JB Brubaker. "We had a ...
GRETA VAN FLEET Releases Live/Performance Music Video For 'Age Of Machine'
GRETA VAN FLEET has released a new live/performance music video for its latest single, "Age Of Machine". The track is taken from the band's second album, "The Battle At Garden's Gate", which will be made available on April 16 via Lava/Republic Records. A bold evolution from the band's 2018 full-length debut "Anthem Of The Peaceful ...
DAVE LOMBARDO: How I Almost Joined MEGADETH In 1987
Dave Lombardo was recently interviewed on "Speak N' Destroy", a podcast about all things METALLICA, hosted by longtime journalist and METALLICA fan Ryan J. Downey. During the lengthy chat, the former SLAYER drummer once again confirmed that he came close to joining MEGADETH nearly three and a half decades ago as the replacement for Gar ...
JEFF SCOTT SOTO Opens Up About His Use Of Pre-Recorded Tracks During Live Performances: 'I Don't Wanna Bulls**t Anybody'
Acclaimed hard rock vocalist Jeff Scott Soto has opened up about his use of using backing tracks for certain songs during his live performances, saying he doesn't "wanna bullshit anybody." In recent years, more and more artists have been given a pass for relying on pre-recorded tracks, drum triggers and other assorted technology that makes ...
FOO FIGHTERS Release Music Video For New Single 'Waiting On A War'
FOO FIGHTERS have released the official music video for their latest single, "Waiting On A War". The track is taken from the band's upcoming album, "Medicine At Midnight", which will be released on February 5 via Roswell Records/RCA Records. The nine-song, 37-minute effort was produced by the FOO FIGHTERS and Greg Kurstin. If "Waiting On ...
GEMINI SYNDROME Drops Music Video For New Single 'IDK'
Los Angeles alternative metal band GEMINI SYNDROME has released the music video for "IDK". The track will be available to purchase and stream on Friday, January 22 via Another Century. GEMINI SYNDROME vocalist Aaron Nordstrom states: "'IDK' plays with the double entendre, 'I decay' and 'IDK' (I don't know) to illustrate the Voltaire quote, 'The ...
Leviathan - THERION
Three years ago, THERION released one the most insanely ambitious albums in metal history. Three hours in length, "Beloved Antichrist" was a heroically indulgent symphonic rock opera, even by the Swedish band's already exacting standards. What it definitely wasn't was remotely accessible, at least to all but the most devout and obsessive of fans. Doubtless ...
Former METALLICA Bassist RON MCGOVNEY Shares New Photo Of Band's Original Business Card
Former METALLICA bassist Ron McGovney has shared a photo of the business card he used to promote the band during his time with the influential metal legends. On Sunday (January 17), McGovney tweeted out the picture featuring the classic METALLICA logo along with the phrase "Power Metal" and what was apparently Ron's then-phone number, and ...
DEF LEPPARD's 63-Year-Old Guitarist PHIL COLLEN Shows Off Rock-Hard Abs
DEF LEPPARD guitarist Phil Collen isn't suffering from "COVID-15," a reference to the extra weight that many people are carrying around due to the quarantine and other issues that have arisen. Earlier today, Phil's wife Helen shared a shirtless photo of her husband, apparently taken mid-workout, and she included the following caption: "Proud of my ...
GENE SIMMONS On Partnership With GIBSON: 'What I Want You To Get Out Of This Is Pride'
Earlier this month, Gibson, the iconic American guitar brand, announced its joint venture with Gene Simmons, international rock legend and co-founder of KISS, America's No. 1 gold record award-winning group of all time, in all categories (RIAA), to create G². G², from Gene to Gibson, will introduce new collections of right and left-handed electric guitars ...
VENOM INC. Has 24 Songs Written For New Album: It's 'Sounding Great'
VENOM INC., the band featuring original VENOM guitarist Jeff "Mantas" Dunn (guitar) and ex-VENOM bassist/vocalist Tony "Demolition Man" Dolan, is continuing to work on its new album. The follow-up to 2017's "Avé" will once again be released on Nuclear Blast Records. The recording is being done between England, Portugal and America and it will have ...
METALLICA + BEATLES Mashup Act BEATALLICA To Release First Album In Eight Years
BEATALLICA, a satirical mashup act whose hilarious schtick marries the songwriting prowess ofn THE BEATLES to the deep-throated rock growl of METALLICA, has signed with Metal Assault Records. The band's fourth full-length album — and its first in more than seven years — will be released later in 2021. Metal Assault first got introduced to ...
New Band PLUSH Aims To Bring All-Girl Rock Back To Forefront Of Music Industry
PLUSH is an all-female rock band with a mission — to bring an all-girl rock band back to the forefront of the music industry. PLUSH is composed of four talented musicians, all under the age of 21, whose accomplishments and talent eclipse their age. This female rock force is fronted by singer/guitarist Moriah Formica, drummer ...
DAVID LEE ROTH Weighs In On Capitol Riot In New Artwork
David Lee Roth has shared a new piece of original artwork which was apparently inspired by the U.S. Capitol riot earlier this month. Check it out below. For most of the last year, the VAN HALEN singer has been posting paintings on his Twitter account that reflect the times and channel the mass anxiety around ...
TIMES OF GRACE To Release Long-Awaited Second Album In The Spring
TIMES OF GRACE, the collaborative project featuring KILLSWITCH ENGAGE members Jesse Leach (vocals) and Adam Dutkiewicz (guitar), will release its long-awaited second album this spring. The timetable for the LP's arrival was revealed in a new video message (see below) and graphic on the band's social media. Last month, Leach said that he and Dutkiewicz ...
SKILLET's JOHN COOPER: 'Why I Love Telling People About Jesus'
John Cooper, the frontman and bassist for the Grammy-nominated Christian rock band SKILLET, recently spoke to blogger and podcaster Alisa Childers about the role religion has played in his life, particularly his relationship with his mother and father. He said (see video below): "My mom loved the Bible. And I can't remember ever living without ...
OZZY OSBOURNE Bassist ROB 'BLASKO' NICHOLSON Joins RIPPLE MUSIC As Executive VP And A&R Of Special Projects
Ripple Music, one of the world's leading purveyors of doom and stoner rock, has names OZZY OSBOURNE bassist Rob "Blasko" Nicholson as its new executive vice president of A&R and special projects. A longtime connoisseur of the psych, stoner, doom, and heavy rock genres championed by the acclaimed Ripple Music roster and catalog, Blasko brings ...
MEGADETH's DAVE MUSTAINE Earns Jiu-Jitsu Purple Belt At 59 Years Old
According to Jiu-Jitsu Times, MEGADETH leader Dave Mustaine now a purple belt in jiu-jitsu. The 59-year-old musician was promoted to the new rank almost two years after earning the first stripe on his blue belt. He was promoted by Reggie Almeida, who leads Gracie Barra Spring Hill in Tennessee, near Mustaine's ...
Here Is How JON SCHAFFER's Arrest Was Covered By TV Stations In His Home State Of Indiana
Indiana news stations WISH and WTHR have uploaded separate video reports on the arrest of ICED EARTH guitarist Jon Schaffer, who was taken into custody over the weekend in connection with the January 6 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol. You can watch them below. The musician, who resides in Columbus, Indiana, turned himself in to ...


Painting the figure is always a challenge and these most recent are quite a deviation from my normal figures. I have always been interested more in the gesture than the facial likeness of a person. I think gesture... the leaning of the body, the holding of the head, the shoulders, how a person holds their arms even, can tell us so much. My figures are usually "agender"- figures that have neither male nor female characteristics. This latest series however are not so ambiguous, gender and even facial expression have become evident.
They are about human tensions, about waiting, about total powerlessness. Some people think they're rather intimidating, and I can see that but they evince a truth.


More than 200 guests attended the Mayor of Southwark's charity ball event held at Vinopolis last Saturday evening.
The annual charity ball was one of the final events of Cllr Lorraine Lauder's year as the borough's first citizen.
The Mayor was joined by some of those who had run the London Marathon in support of her chosen charities, including council leader Peter John and council officers.
During her year in office Cllr Lauder has been raising funds for the rheumatology department at King's College Hospital and the Southwark People Care Association.
"The charity ball event was a great success and everyone enjoyed everything on offer that evening," said Cllr Lauder.
"I'm extremely touched by the generous support received for my chosen charities and confident that they will both benefit immensely from all the fundraising efforts."
The borough's next Mayor and Deputy Mayor will be elected at the council's annual meeting on Wednesday night in the atrium of the authority's de facto town hall in Tooley Street.


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This introduces routing in ASP.NET MVC application. Routing enables to create hackable URL which are easily indexed by the search engines.
Continue reading"Introduction to Routing in ASP.NET MVC Framework"
Learn how to build mobile Web sites using the ASP.NET MVC framework. See how to create customized mobile experiences by extending the Views in the MVC framework and using the latest device detection techniques.
Continue reading"Using Microsoft ASP.NET MVC to Easily Extend a Web Site into the Mobile Space"
This screencast demonstrates how to get started with Ajax in ASP.NET MVC Framework.
Continue reading"Getting Started with Ajax in ASP.NET MVC Framework"
Continue reading"Microsoft ASP.NET MVC 2: The New Stuff"
This screencast demonstrates how to use ViewModel approach when building ASP.NET MVC Application.
Continue reading"Introduction to ASP.NET MVC View Model"


text:
State Route 400 (SR 400) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Locally known as Washington Street, the state highway runs  from the south city limit of the independent city of Alexandria, Virginia north to 1st Street, still within Alexandria. SR 400 is a city street connection through Old Town Alexandria between the two segments of George Washington Memorial Parkway, one heading south toward Mount Vernon and one heading north toward  District of Columbia. The Virginia Department of Transportation assigned the unsigned SR 90005 designation to run concurrently along the entire length of the parkway and of SR 400.

Route description

SR 400 begins at the south city limit of Alexandria at Hunting Creek. The highway continues south into Fairfax County and Belle Haven as the George Washington Memorial Parkway toward Mount Vernon. SR 400 is a four-lane divided highway through the Jones Point neighborhood before becoming undivided and crossing over the Capital Beltway (I-95 and I-495) on a freeway cap, a very wide overpass that shields the freeway from view of the crossing highway, between the Woodrow Wilson Bridge over the Potomac River and the Capital Beltway's interchange with U.S. Route 1 (US 1). The first intersection north of the bridge is with Church Street, which receives a ramp from the westbound Capital Beltway. SR 400 continues through Old Town Alexandria with six lanes and passes the Davis Chapel. The state highway meets the eastern ends of SR 236 (Duke Street) and SR 7 (King Street) in the Alexandria Historic District, where the Lyceum and Beulah Baptist Church line the southbound side of the street and the statue Appomattox lies in the middle of the street at its intersection with Prince Street. SR 400 continues north past the Christ Church, the Lloyd House, and the Lee-Fendall House to its northern terminus at First Street. George Washington Memorial Parkway resumes at this intersection and continues toward Arlington and Washington.

History
Most of SR 400, from Franklin Street to Powhatan Street, was once part of US 1, and the present alignment (roughly) of US 1 was then US 1 Truck.

Major intersections

References

External links

Virginia Highways Project: VA 400

400
State Route 400
U.S. Route 1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Check the firmware versions and update firmware if necessary.
Connect your Duet to the other components in your 3D printer.
If you have a Duet 2 Wifi or Duet 2 Ethernet please continue using this page.
See the following pages for choosing components. even if you already have a printer or set of components they can help in understanding the advantages and limitation of certain components.
Choosing and connecting stepper motors.
Choosing and connecting a bed heater.
We suggest you get connected to your Duet before you wire it into your printer.
See Checking the firmware versions and updating the firmware.
Start with the Wiring your Duet guide.
Duet Duet 2 Hardware Overview.
Mounting and cooling the board.
Connecting thermistors or PT1000 temperature sensors.
Connecting and configuring a chamber heater.
Connecting an LCD control panel.
Using an external SD card socket.
Connecting an Emergency Stop button.
Connecting and configuring filament-out sensors.
Duex 2 and Duex 5 expansion boards.
Using external stepper motor drivers.
Start by generating a configuration file customised for your printer and upload it to the Duet. See the cartesian guide as a start point (even if you do not have a cartesian printer).
Configuring RepRapFirmware for a Delta printer and more detail on delta calibration here: Calibrating a delta printer.
Now try a test print!
Come and ask on the forum.


text:
Q: On Linux, how can I share scripts across an SSH connection for the session only? For work, I have to connect to dozens of Linux machines via SSH (to perform maintenance, monitor the system, install software, etc).
I have a small arsenal of scripts that help me do some of these tasks, and these are located in a folder on my Mac in /Users/me/bin. I want to be able to run these scripts on the remote Linux machine, but for several reasons I do not want these scripts permanently located on these machines (e.g., other people also connect to these remote machines, and it would be unwise to let them execute these files).
So, is possible to share scripts across an SSH connection for the lifetime of the session only?
I have a couple of ideas on how to do this, but I don't know if any of them will work. Firstly, if SSH allows file mounting, I could automatically mount me@mymac:/Users/me/bin to me@linux:/remote_bin when I connect to the remote Linux box, and set my PATH variable to "$PATH:/remote_bin". Secondly, I could set up port forwarding in the connection string (e.g., ssh me@linux -R 9999:127.0.0.1:<SMBPORT|ETC> and every time I connect mount the share and set the $PATH variable.
EDIT: I've come up with a semi-solution. On the linux machine, edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config to add the following subsystem: Subsystem shareduserbinary sudo su -l -c "/bin/mount -t cifs -o port=9999,username=me,nounix,sec=ntlmssp //127.0.0.1/exported_bin /mnt/remote_bin" && bash -l -i -s. When connecting to the remote machine, set up a reverse port forward and invoke the subsystem. E.g.: ssh -R 9999:127.0.0.1:445 -s shareduserbinary me@linux.
EDIT 2: You can make the solution above cleaner, by removing the -l from the sudo command and changing the path from /mnt/remote_bin to $HOME/rbin.

A: Interesting question.  Perhaps you can add a command to ~/.bash_login (assuming you are using bash) to copy the scripts from a remote host (such as your mac) when you login, then add a command to ~/.bash_logout to delete the scripts when you logout.  But, as bmargulies points out, it would be a good idea to go a step further and make sure that nobody else has permissions to read or execute the scripts.

A: You can use OpenSSH's LocalCommand to upload the files (using e.g. scp or rsync) when initiating an SSH session (see man ssh_config and this):
Host server1 server2 [...]
PermitLocalCommand yes
LocalCommand scp -q /Users/bin/me/* %h:temp_bin/

and use .bash_logout or an EXIT-trap that you specify in your .bashrc to delete the contents of the directory on logout.


Derrick Goold of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch will guest on the United Cardinal Radio Hour Wednesday night.
Nick of Pitchers Hit Eighth will host.
Other guests have yet to be announced.
Please note the UCB Radio Hour will now start at 9:30 p.m. CT.