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The Area of Cais do Sodré: Origin and Experiences
By Luís Bayó Veiga
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Our new series getLISBON invite starts its first publication with one of the chronicles dedicated to Lisbon riverside, written by a friend and collaborator since day one.
In Lisbon in Us by Luís Bayó Veiga, this collector revealed to us his passion for this city. Now he shares with us his role as a researcher through a description of the area of Cais do Sodré, its origin and experiences, properly illustrated with postcards from his rich collection.
With this chronicle, we learn how the Duque da Terceira Square known as Cais do Sodré, together with its surroundings, has developed as a meeting point, passage and crossroad for different people, a place that unites the city and the Tagus river, a reference for nightlife and Lisbon's bohemian lifestyle…
Surely, there's no one (from Lisbon or not), who lives or works in the Capital or who has visited it, who hasn't heard about the area of Cais do Sodré and its square.
Located by the river, the area of Cais do Sodré comprises a vast extension. It's limited to the east, by the end that joins Corpo Santo Square, to where a few years ago the ferryboat station was located, and to the west by the end that goes from S. Paulo Square to the railway station, commonly known as Cais do Sodré station. To the north this area is limited by the streets of Corpo Santo, Bernardino Costa and S. Paulo and to the south by the Tagus river, in the section between the extinct river station and the place then named as Ribeira Nova.
However, strictly speaking, the toponym "Cais do Sodré" doesn't in fact correspond to the space described above. It is, by public notice, the public riverside section that runs from Duque da Terceira Square (the real name of this vast surrounding area), and ends at the end of Corpo Santo Square.
Within the scope of this short chronicle, in line with oral tradition and common slang, we'll use the name Cais do Sodré Square to describe it.
For those who don't know, the name Cais do Sodré only appeared after the earthquake of 1755, when, under the command of the Marquis of Pombal, the city's reconstruction work began, particularly in this riverside area.
But what is the Origin of the Name "Cais do Sodré"?
According to Júlio Castilho (1840-1919), a distinguished Lisbon studies specialist, the toponym "Sodré" was already known since the 15th century. It came from an English origin family residing there, in which António and Duarte Sodré Pereira Tibau, heirs of Frederico Sodré (1432-1481), were the owners of several properties located in that area and in its surroundings.
The writer and historian Silva Túlio (1818-1884) defended another origin of that name. He wrote that "Sodré" came from Vicente Sodré, descendant of Fradique Sodré (16th century), a man who had at the time a high financial power and owned several buildings in that area.
In any case, the designations of the area and of the Cais do Sodré Square have become rooted in the voice of the people and have resisted until this day.
The Area of Remolares
Before the earthquake, in this riverside and maritime location, the river waters penetrated inland, forming a sandy cove.
It was then known as the area of Remolares (paddle makers), perhaps because there were several artisans who dedicated themselves to making paddles for boats.
With the urbanisation foreseen in the Lisbon reconstruction plan, the city was divided into neighbourhoods, with this location being included in the Remolares neighbourhood.
Due to the landfills, more space was gained, forming a vast square, which was given the name of Remolares Square.
However, as this area was previously called Cais do Sodré, that square for a few more years had both names simultaneously. The toponym Remolares gradually fell into oblivion by the people however, it can be found in streets nearby, Travessa and Rua dos Remolares.
First Urban Improvements
In 1849, this square, after being duly levelled, was cobbled with black and white designs and trees were planted around it. A pedestal made by limestone was placed at the centre which access was made by a circular stair, and on which a horizontal quadrant was placed, named "Meridian of Remolares or Meridian of Cais do Sodré", which was nothing more than a sundial that remained there until 1874.
In 1907, the headquarters of the General Administration of the Port of Lisbon (AGPL) was inaugurated, located in a building built on piles on the Tagus riverside, located on the corner between Cais do Sodré Square and the beginning of Rua da Ribeira das Naus. On the outskirts, in 1914, a guardhouse was built in masonry, where a mechanical clock for public service was installed.
In the following year, the clock started to be connected directly by electrical cable to the Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon, located in Tapada da Ajuda, starting to inform the "Legal Hour", which was established by law nº 1469 of March 30, 1915.
It was in operation until 2001, although it ceased to serve as the "Standard of Legal Time" and was replaced by an analogue quartz clock with high accuracy of time reading for public information, which continues to function until the present day.
In 1877, in the centre of the square, the monument with the bronze statue of the Duke of Terceira, by José Simões de Almeida (uncle), was inaugurated, in honour of one of the heroes of the Liberal Wars that took place between 1828 and 1834.
On the land conquered from the river after the landfill works, and in front of that monument, a garden called Cais do Sodré was built and where, in 1915, a statue, named "Ao Leme" (at the helm), by the sculptor Francisco Santos was placed.
With the end of World War I, this garden was renamed to Jardim dos Aliados (Garden of the Allies).
In 1934, it changed its name again to Roque Gameiro Garden, in honour of the great watercolourist who dedicated a large part of his work to painting scenes and places of Lisbon and who passed away in 1935.
The Growing Dynamism in the Area of Cais do Sodré
Next to the so-called Ribeira Nova and the market at "Praça da Ribeira" (1892), and halfway from Chiado through Rua do Alecrim (opened after 1755) and from Downtown Lisbon through Rua do Arsenal and Município Square, the Cais do Sodré Square gained increasing dynamism and local importance, especially from the last quarter of the 19th century. It was due to its great maritime movement of arrivals and departures that occurred at the berths nearby, that both in Cais do Sodré Square and in the surrounding streets, several shipping agencies and maritime facilities establishments started to appear.
In the early 1800s, the daily hustle of the ovarinas (fishwives) who supplied or traded fish in Ribeira Nova, and of the mingling of people passing through or workers in fishing activities or in riverside warehouses and also of the foreign seaman from the ships and sailboats that docked there was already intense.
Thus, like mushrooms, taverns, billiards, eateries and brothels were born, places of social gatherings, entertainment but also of stupidity and addiction, to which was added an effervescent nightlife distributed by bars and brothels, where addiction, cheating, prostitution and often crime proliferated…
We suggest you read the article The Art and Design of the WC Kiosks of Lisbon. It's about the curious urban structure in Roque Gameiro Garden.
Cafes, Hotels and Gatherings
References to some establishments that ended up being part of the local history of Lisbon were forever registered in newspapers of the time and in memoirs, referring to, among the oldest, the "Botequim dos Macacos" (1780), the "Café do Greek" (1809), the "Café da Marinha" (1816) among others. Above all because they were the subject of experiences, occurrences, and memories of some characters who lived in Lisbon at that time.
Throughout the the 19th century, several dozen hotels and guest houses emerged, which among all stood out: the Wellington Hotel (1816), Hospedaria Estrela Branca (1835), Hotel de France (1838), Hospedaria Madame Júlia (1842), Hotel Braganza (1870), Hotel Giovetti (1871), Hotel Atlântico (1880), Hotel Veneza (1882), Grande Hotel Central (1890) and already in 1900, the Hotel Viana, which would have been one of the last to be installed in the local area.
Of all of them, the most famous was undoubtedly the "Grande Hotel Central", which was located in the middle of Cais do Sodré Square, occupying a huge building in no. 27.
This hotel hosted kings, princes and relevant personalities linked to business, social and mundane life at the time.
Its "restaurant" was the stage for many meetings of businessmen and literary and arts gatherings.
Regularly gathered there in the late 1800s, Eça de Queirós, Ramalho Ortigão, Oliveira Martins, Conde de Ficalho, Lima Mayer, who, among others, were part of the famous "Os Vencidos da Vida" intellectual group.
But it was in chronicle and in Lisbon novel that the Grande Hotel Central became famous, its name being engraved in gold pages in some of Eça de Queirós' novels, like "Cousin Bazilio" and "The Maias".
The hotel closed its doors in 1919, (when many of the other hotels had disappeared) and today in that building, there are offices and a travel agency.
Among the many cafes that existed throughout the area of Cais do Sodré, we highlight the Café Royal, inaugurated in 1906 and located in the Cais do Sodré Square, right on the right corner where the ascent of Rua do Alecrim begins. This was the place where the painter Columbano (1857-1929) used to go for lunch in the last years of his life with his wife.
Cais do Sodré, Place of Arrivals and Departures
Over the years, Cais do Sodré and its surroundings were the stage for multiple events, inaugurations and improvements.
Some of these moments have already been referenced in this chronicle, but others, due to their importance at the time, are worth mentioning here.
In 1896, the railway line between Cais do Sodré and Pedrouços was inaugurated, but it was only in 1926 that the Cais do Sodré station building, as we know it today, was built, with the design of the architect Pardal Monteiro.
In 1899, the "Chalet da Parceria" was installed, located halfway along the Ribeira das Naus, place of arrivals and departures for the steamboats between Lisbon and Cacilhas (in the south bank).
A few years later, in 1904, the "Chalet" was replaced by the "Estação da Parceria dos Vapores Lisbonenses" (a steamboat station), this one already located almost in front of Roque Gameiro Garden.
Place of intense hustle and bustle, an important axis of the most diverse means of transport, maintaining its coastal maritime reference of its piers, and still a pole of attraction at night for its bars, bohemian and entertainment, maintaining its centuries-old design and its peculiar attractiveness, the area of Cais do Sodré will continue to be known and referenced as such, since 250 years ago it was first given the name that defines this unavoidable space in the history and life of Lisbon…
Also read A Brief History of Tagus Estuary Boats by this author.
ARAÚJO, Norberto, Peregrinações em Lisboa, Livro XIII, Editora Vega, Lisboa 1993.
CARVALHO, Pinto (TINOP), Lisboa de Outros Tempos – Os Cafés, Fenda, Edições Lda, Lisboa 1991.
CONSIGLIERI, Carlos e ABEL, Marília, O Cais do Sodré em Bilhete Postal antigo, Livros Horizonte, Lisboa 2004.
FRANÇA, José-Augusto, Lisboa – História Física e Moral, Livros Horizonte, Lisboa 2008.
SANTANA, Francisco e SUCENA, Eduardo, Dicionário da História de Lisboa, Ed. Carlos Quintas & Assoc., Lisboa 1994.
TAVARES, Marina, Lisboa Desaparecida, vol.III, Quimera, Lisboa 2001.
VEIGA, Luis Filipe Bayó – Arquivo pessoal.
Luís Bayó Veiga
Curious and Lisbon lover, where was born in 1948. Live in Almada.
Collector of old Portuguese Comics and Illustrated Postcards about Lisbon, with thousands of items in his collections. He also has a significant collection of books, newspapers, magazines and supplements relating to the city.
Author of some books on memories and local history of Cacilhas and Almada. Co-author of more than a dozen documentaries on aspects of old Lisbon in multimedia support.
Member of the Grupo dos Amigos de Lisboa.
Assiduous attendee of conferences, colloquiums and others, organized by several public and private entities, in the scope of Lisbon studies.
Has a degree in Chemical Engineering from IST and two post-graduates from ISCTE.
A Brief History of Tagus Estuary Boats
Lisbon of Spies – Intrigue and Glamor in World War II
Water Museum: Diving in Lisbon
Animals and Fantastic Creatures in the Portuguese Pavement of Lisbon
Public Art in Príncipe Real Garden
Tiled Panoramas of Lisbon by Fred Kradolfer
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NIC is soliciting interest from criminal justice professionals interested in applying for Thinking for a Change Training for Trainers for Fiscal year 2016. This rigorous blended-delivery program will be offered in three regional locations yet to be determined. Although there is no cost for the training itself, agencies will be responsible for the cost of participant transportation, lodging, and meals.
Please forward to your colleagues. We are hoping to get this information out to the field as widely as possible and would request you forward this link to all of your connections, networks and/or share on any forums you participate in.


If you work with a DJ that mixes on a Denon setup, you can now line up every video in Resolume to every track on the players. You can read all about the what's and the how's in the manual. Suffice to say, this will make banging out those DJ intros and special show moments a piece of cake.
We also have a handful of bug fixes. If you're using multiply a lot, make sure you peek the warning in the full release notes and then hit that download.
Irish techno maven Gary Curran, aka Confute, has a new EP out! And to celebrate, he's engaged us with an 2-hour DJ mix. Using 27 tracks in all, Curran (formerly of the Japanese Popstars), masterfully weaves in originals from his brand-new Aperture EP.
Confute comes showcasing his mastery of balancing dark against light on his second release, Aperture, for Four One Records.
Opening track "Aperture" is tense, teasing techno, pieced together perfectly to pound any soundsystem. Once the bass opens, you are undoubtedly hooked in for the ride.
The heartbeat like hypnotism of "Hummer" is almost an anxious affair, laced with twisting arpeggiators that wander effortlessly in and through the haunting atmospherics and whispers.
"Frugal" is filled with little layers of bells dancing along to the summer warmth. Simple and yet beautiful.
Closing off the EP is "Syzygy", a dark pursuit into the unknown, creating a memorable spacious feel.
There is more than enough variation in the Aperture EP for everyone to enjoy.
Having previously released 3 Albums, with Gung Ho, EMI and Bedrock, and an ever increasing remix catalogue for artists such as Beyonce, Groove Armada, Pete Tong, Daft Punk, 30 Seconds To Mars, Depeche Mode, Gorillaz, Benny Benassi and Kylie Minogue and more, Gary has decided to bring his individual flare for writing electronic music to the forefront as Confute.
Alerted by a Retweet from @Ableton, we learned that Krikor, a longtime French favorite of ours, released another set of instruments on Ableton, this time for the vintage NYC TR-707. Grab it at the post below.
Way more on Krikor Kouchian phenomenon at the Ableton blog. Plus click around his bountiful blog.
Via Mixmag: Learning to DJ is now considered part of secondary education and counts toward a student's General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) in the UK.
According to the BBC, the new qualification is now possible due to turntables, CDJs and other DJ gear now being recognized as formal instruments by examination boards.
We do the same thing every summer! Our Beat Academy Immersive Summer Youth Program lights up the eyes of many kids with a new love of music.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jamie Lono is a recording artist who has lived through more than his 23 years suggest. The blue-eyed soul singer/songwriter's musical journey has been turbulent: from facing health complications at a young age, a family financial bankruptcy, and living in a hotel, to gaining national fame as a solo artist through an appearance on NBC's 'The Voice" and releasing his solo debut "The Feel Good Nation" in August 2012.
He's received praise from the likes of Cee Lo Green, Blake Shelton, and Maroon 5 frontman Adam Levine and shared the stage with acts such as Tim Reynolds and Los Lonely Boys. Those accolades, plus television appearances and performances around the country, have allowed Jamie to grow both his audience and his message. His music continues to evolve; drawing on his influences – Ray LaMontange, James Taylor, Florence & The Machine, Bruno Mars – while expanding into uncharted music territory.
With "The Feel Good Nation," Jamie demonstrated his ability to make "feel-good" music as sunny as his personality (and his ability to succeed while releasing music independently). According to Jamie, his sophomore effort – which is still in the "writing" stages – is a "Nation" populated with heavier themes and hopeful idealism.
The hope and heaviness are the byproducts of Jamie's musical and personal maturation, but he hasn't stopped dreaming. In fact, Jamie acknowledges that juxtaposing harsh reality with his optimistic worldview may be the only way to grow as a person and an artist, and that is reason enough for all of us to keep listening.


text:
module ScholarshipSuspensionsHelper
  @@config = YAML::load_file("#{Rails.root}/config/properties.yml")
  @@range = @@config["scholarship_year_range"]

  def start_date_form_column(record,options)
    date_select :record, :start_date, {
      :discard_day => true,
      :start_year => Time.now.year - @@range,
      :end_year => Time.now.year + @@range,
    }.merge(options)
  end

  def end_date_form_column(record, options)
    date_select :record, :end_date, {
      :discard_day => true,
      :start_year => Time.now.year - @@range,
      :end_year => Time.now.year + @@range,
      :include_blank => true,
      :default => nil,
    }.merge(options), {:class => "end_date-input"}
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Self Description: I'm very kind-hearted and sympathetic by nature. I always value efforts of other people. My dream is to create a happy family where love and mutual understanding will be always on the first place.
Comments: I would like to meet an intelligent and educated man.


text:
The 100 Best Movies Ever – Inglourious Basterds (#94)
Nick Nunziata
Lists, Movie News, Movie Reviews, The Steady Leak
Lists are great. They inspire discussion, create arguments, and tend to spiral off into fun new lists. When you do a list about the "BEST" of anything it goes from being fun to becoming a hotbed for arguments. There's no such thing as a definitive list but I've decided to pull from my rather extensive life of film watching and put it to good use.
This is not the "film critic's top 100" list. There's no guarantee Citizen Kane or The Bicycle Thief will be in the top echelon or even on the list. This is the 100 movies I would put my name on as my top 100. If I died tomorrow this would represent the 100 films I find most vital, special, or ones that bonded to whatever it is that makes me me. I'm not including documentaries, though that might make for a nice supplemental list.
The first 80 will be in no particular order. The last 20 will be in very particular order. One a day, you have my word.
#94 – Inglourious Basterds
Message Board Thread Discussion.
BUY IT FROM US.
Why is it here:
Just about everything Quentin Tarantino [aside from Death Proof] does deserves at least a consideration for a list like this, but this is the biggest step in his entire filmography. Where he flirted with being too in love with his words here he matures to balance his great dialogue and unforgettable cinematic moments with a weight and restraint that brings his skills into laser focus. The added value of actors who make his words sing (Waltz, Laurent, Fassbender, and Pitt in particular) and the always engrossing WWII setting make this his crowning achievement. There's a little taste of all his earlier work here but when it's all said and done this film stands the tallest.
Moments to savor:
What happens to Nazi's in movie theaters. The milk scene. The scene in the bar. Brad Pitt in a Tarantino movie. Anything with Christoph Waltz. Hitler losing his shit. The movie theater as a rat trap. Til Schweiger going from a uninteresting actor to a winner.
Rewatchability:
Extremely high. It's fun, crazy, and with just enough action and memorable dialogue to reap the benefits of the prototypical action flick though it's so much more.
Miscellany:
Adam Sandler was supposed to play the part eventually given to Eli Roth. The movie would have been even better had that transpired. Roth's the weakest link in the cast, something that'll cause arguments due to how cool and iconic the Bear Jew is in the film. That's all because of writing and direction. Sandler would have brought something and enhanced Tarantino's already fantastic words. I can't stand Adam Sandler and I fully admit he'd have made the movie even better. That's saying something.
Read more about: Bear Jew, Best Of, Brad Pitt, Christoph Waltz, Eli Roth, Great Movies, hitler, Inglourious Basterds, Lists, MÉLANIE LAURENT, Michael Fassbender, Michael Myers, nazi, Quentin Tarantino, Til Schweiger, War Movies


The BEE 50-C Studio PAR Spot LED Light from Hive is a lightweight, versatile LED source with a small form factor and superior performance features. The highly polished reflector and 4-way barndoors make it a great choice for selective lighting or long throw work. The 50-C has a bracket to hold the power supply and a studio yoke and a C-clamp for attachment to a pipe or overhead grid.


Flipped version of Trump Sr. at Citizens United Freedom Summit in Greenville South Carolina May 2015, photo by Michael Vadon.
As long as the US remains fully engaged with the rest of the world, actively promoting open stable societies and allies, it makes perfect sense for the US to aid Israel. Israel is an open society, socially and technologically advanced (apart from its short-sighted 'lebens-raum' policy of settlements, and is a steadfast ally.
But Trump wants to drastically reduce US involvement with the rest of the world – to save money!
Does Trump know what pennywise and pound foolish means?
If we pulled back fron NATO, does he think that we would still have international partners for embargoes, sanctions, and for cooperation in fighting terrorism?
Does he think that we would have diplomatic and military allies when we suddenly needed them?
Trump's policy would unleash unintended, undesireable consequences.
Here is just one that he hasn't thought of.
If the US became isolationist, as Trump favors, then US aid to Israel would become an anomaly. It would become an exception. It would stick out like a sore thumb. It would soon cease.
A 1939 Second World War-era baby's gas mask in Monmouth Regimental Museum. This design covered the whole of the baby except for its legs. (The caption was obtained from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_mask). Photo taken by Rock Drum on 19 May 2012, at the Monmouth Regimental Museum.
=> All treaties on the use of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons, on the use of torture, on terrorism, on the treatment of civilians, and on the treatment of captured enemy soldiers, become meaningless.
=> The U.S. and others should immediately begin stockpiling chemical and biological weapons, and radioactive contaminants, and methods for delivering them, because others will do so.
The stakes couldn't be higher. We must physically punish the al-Assad regime.
As for the vote in the British Parliament, those who voted against action have learned nothing from Chamberlain's mistake in Munich.
For background, see here, here, and here.
Many are willing to serve as suicide bombers. Few have the expertise to build the explosive devices. One bomb builder may equip many suicide bombers. So eliminating the bomb builders would be an efficient way of reducing the number of suicide bombings.
Most suicide bombers are not walk-ins. They must be wooed and recruited. The recruiters are not as scarce as the bomb builders, so they are not as efficient as a choke point. But the recruiters are indispensible to the process. Also, one recruiter can recruit many suicide bombers. Eliminating recruiters will help.
The family and friends of a now-dead bomber will often know the identity of the bomb builder. They will also often know who recruited the suicide bomber. The family and friends should be encouraged to identify the bomb-builder and the recruiter. Each are at least as culpable as the suicide bomber.


A very nice vertical scrolling space shooter. Unfortunately, it's incredibly hard, so I never even got past the first level. Tons of enemy projectiles, ramming ships and poor weapons coverage combine to make this one a challenge.
This game originally appeared on the Disc Station 10 collection.
There is a video of gameplay available on YouTube here.


31/07/2018 · How to get rid of that crick in your neck. https://www.familyhealthchiropractic.com Hey, it's me Dr. Daniel and today I want to share with a quick fix to getting rid of neck pain, when you wake... A good chiropractor will be able to determine the cause of the crick in your neck. They will then adjust you to get you back in alignment and relieve your pain. When your neck or spine are out of alignment they can create tension which is the cause of the crick in your neck. You should start feeling relief pretty quickly after your adjustment.
Neck movement may be limited, usually more to one side than the other. In most of the cases crick in the neck is result of neck muscle spasm caused due to improper body position while sleeping or a pillow that's too high, too flat.... You were feeling just fine, and then out of the blue, you get a crick in your spine! Learn about the cause, treatment, and prevention of spine pain. Learn about the cause, treatment, and prevention of spine pain.
What are the best ways to get rid of a crick in one's neck?


text:
Lipp ist ein deutscher Familienname.

Namensträger
 Alban Lipp (1866–1903), deutscher Lehrer, Kirchenmusiker und Komponist
 Alexandra Lipp (* 1984), deutsche Eisschnellläuferin
 Alfons Lipp (* 1930), österreichischer Schauspieler
 Andrea Lipp (* 1968), deutsche Beachvolleyballspielerin, siehe Andrea Ahmann
 Balthasar Lipp († 1623), deutscher Buchdrucker
 Carl Lipp (1892–1969), österreichischer Politiker (ÖVP)
 Christine Lipp-Wahl (* 1963), deutsche Politikerin (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen), MdL
 Erich Lipp (1906–1968), deutscher Bildhauer
 Eva-Maria Lipp (* 1962), österreichische Politikerin und Autorin
 Franz Lipp (1855–1937), deutscher Autor, Verleger und Politiker
 Franz C. Lipp (1913–2002), österreichischer Volkskundler
 Friedrich von Lipp (1806–1879), deutscher Offizier
 Georg Lipp (1904–1983), deutscher Politiker (CSU)
 Günter Lipp (* 1940), deutscher Politiker und Heimatpfleger
 Johannes Lipp (* 1979), deutscher Tubist
 Josef von Lipp (1795–1869), deutscher Geistlicher, Bischof von Rottenburg

 Karlheinz Lipp (* 1957), deutscher Historiker
 Kilian Lipp (* 1953), deutscher Maler
 Kurt Lipp (* 1935), Schweizer Offizier

 Maria Lipp (1892–1966), deutsche Chemikerin

 Maximilian Lipp (* 1992), deutscher Handballspieler
 Nele Lipp (* 1948), deutsche Künstlerin und Kunstwissenschaftlerin

 Pius Lipp (1883–1952), deutscher Maler
 Reto Lipp (* 1960), Schweizer Moderator
 Rosi Lipp (* um 1958), deutsche Fußballspielerin
 Sandra Lipp (* 1988), österreichische Schauspielerin
 Thorolf Lipp (* 1973), deutscher Dokumentarfilmer und Ethnologe
 Volker Lipp (* 1962), deutscher Jurist und Mitglied der Zentralen Ethikkommission bei der Bundesärztekammer
 Wilfried Lipp (* 1945), österreichischer Denkmalpfleger
 Wilma Lipp (1925–2019), österreichische Sopranistin

Siehe auch
 Lipp (Bedburg), Stadtteil von Bedburg, Rhein-Erft-Kreis, Nordrhein-Westfalen
 LIP

Weblinks
 Lipp bei namenforschung.net

Familienname
Deutscher Personenname
Patronym

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Pushpa Kamal Dahal (en nepalí: पुष्पकमल दाहाल, nacido el 11 de diciembre de 1954), también conocido por su nom de guerre Prachanda (en nepalí: प्रचण्ड, traducible como el fiero o el feroz) es un político nepalí, actual primer ministro de Nepal. Anteriormente ocupó el cargo desde 2008 a 2009, y de nuevo desde 2016 a 2017.

La primera vez que llegó al cargo de primer ministro fue tras ser elegido para el cargo por la Asamblea Constituyente. Su partido, el Partido Comunista de Nepal (Maoísta) consiguió una mayoría en las elecciones después de embarcarse en un proceso de paz que pondría fin a la guerra de guerrillas que los maoístas habían iniciado en 1996, llegando a controlar un 80% de las áreas rurales de Nepal. Dimitió el 4 de mayo de 2009. No obstante, el 4 de agosto de 2016 volvió a asumir el cargo de primer ministro.

El ideario de Pushpa Kamal Dahal, también llamado Camino Prachanda, es una rama del maoísmo que tiene en cuenta las circunstancias específicas de Nepal. Toma la estrategia de Sendero Luminoso en Perú como un importante punto de referencia, así como la Revolución China.

Pasó gran parte de su infancia en Chitwan, población al oeste de Nepal. Sus familiares eran brahmanes modestos. Inspirado por la Revolución Cultural de Mao Zedong, fue un militante activo en la política comunista de la década de 1970. Vivió clandestinamente incluso tras la restauración del pluripartidismo en Nepal en 1990. Aun siendo una figura poco conocida, controlaba la facción clandestina del Partido, mientras el grupo con representación parlamentaria estaba liderado por Baburam Bhattarai. Ambos dieron al primer ministro de Nepal una lista de 40 demandas, amenazando desencadenar una revolución si no eran satisfechas. Desde entonces, Prachanda dirigió las acciones militares del PCN(M), estableciendo un área base en las regiones montañosas del oeste del país.

En verano de 2005 las relaciones entre Prachanda y Bhattarai se enturbiaron.

El 3 de septiembre de 2005 Pushpa Kamal Dahal anunció un alto el fuego unilateral de las acciones armadas, que fue extendido un mes más el 2 de diciembre, tras lo cual fue revocado, debido a los ataques del ejército nepalí contra las posiciones maoístas.

El 2 de noviembre lanzó un comunicado de 12 puntos que enumerar las posiciones políticas de su Partido, e intentó llegar a acuerdos con otros siete partidos opositores. Según dichos puntos, la monarquía es el principal impedimento para el progreso de Nepal, el Parlamento debe ser restaurado, y el partido se posiciona a favor de los derechos humanos y la libertad de prensa en un gobierno pluripartidista, en un análisis donde el Partido hizo una dura autocrítica y comunicaba su intención de no repetir errores del pasado.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Biografía en español por Fundación CIDOB
 Entrevista con Prachanda
 Entrevista con Revolutionary Worker en 2000
 Articles by Prachanda
 Prachanda, seguidor del revisionismo moderno

Comunistas de Nepal
Secretarios generales de partidos comunistas
Primeros ministros de Nepal
Políticos de Nepal del siglo XX
Políticos de Nepal del siglo XXI
Maoístas


Sources: Pilot´s Flight Instructions for Army Model PT-13B, PT-17, PT-18 Airplane.
Pilot´s Handbook for Models N2S-1, N2S-2, N2S-3, PT-17, and PT-19.
Bowers, Peter M. Boeing Aircraft since 1916. Putnam, London 1989. ISBN 0-85177-804-6.
expozícia ozbrojených sil 2014, Mexico D.F.


THESE DATA: SPOT5, SPOT6 AND IKONOS WE HAVE EXPERENCED IN USING THEM FOR OUR PROJECTS IN PLANTATION AND FORESTRY ETC. IF NEED THE YOU CAN ORDER THRU US AND WE PROCESS FOR YOU..
Geoprecision Tech provide services in image processing , image interpretation and modelling for vegetation application. What is multispectral? Multispectral images are the main type of images acquired by remote sensing radiometers. Dividing the spectrum into many bands, multispectral is the opposite of panchromatic, which records only the total intensity of radiation falling on each pixel. Usually, earth observation satellites have three or more radiometers. For example, Landsat has seven bands. Each acquires one digital image in a small spectral band. The shortest is the visible band, ranging from 0.4 to 0.7µm, called red-green-blue (RGB) region. The others are infrared with wavelengths from 0.7 µm to 10 or more µm, classified as near infrared (NIR), middle infrared (MIR) and far infrared (FIR or thermal). In the Landsat case, the seven scenes comprise a seven-band multispectral image.


On Saturday TV3's The Nation had a segment on the Unitary Plan as the Councillors approach decision making time in just over a week's time.
Below is the transcript of the Unitary Plan debate with the Storify version at the bottom.
The Property Institute says the majority of new buildings under the Unitary Plan will be apartments, and there will be enough demand for them.
Architectural critic Tommy Honey says high density housing can be made well, but the Property Institute chief executive Ashley Church says apartments will still be made cheaply if people are willing to buy them.
Youth representative Flora Apulu says what young people need is more affordable options, but Church says a requirement for affordable housing in the Unitary Plan would be unworkable.
Lisa Owen: Well, it's the final countdown for a plan that will change the face of Auckland. This week, the Independent Hearings Panel issued its blueprint for Auckland's future, going far beyond the draft unitary plan submitted by the council. It's supposed to help cool the housing crisis by increasing supply and intensifying the central suburbs, allowing for 420,000 more houses to be built. But will it work? Well, I'm joined by Flora Apulu from the council's Youth Advisory Panel, chief executive of The Property Institute Ashley Church, Sally Hughes from The Character Coalition and architectural critic Tommy Honey. Tommy, if I can come to you first – what's the biggest plus or minus do you think in this plan?
Tommy Honey: Well, the biggest plus I think is its ambition, and it's very bold, and it's gone, as you say, further than other people thought, but I think it will give choice about where intensity occurs rather than the intensity being crammed into very restricted areas as the previous plan had.
Sally, big and bold, is it? Or…?
Sally Hughes: Yes. The Character Coalition has never been opposed to intensification. We've never said no to that. But what we wanted was a say in where that intensification happened to avoid the unnecessary destruction of our finite historical character heritage areas.
Mm. Tommy, what do you think is the biggest plus or minus? Sorry, Ashley, what do you think?
Ashley Church: Lisa, I desperately want to totally support this, and in respective things like the intensification and the increase of the numbers to 420,000 and the up-and-out, all of those things, that's fantastic. Really concerned about the fact, though, that it's such breakneck speed that it's ignoring aspects of culture and heritage, which are important to the development of a sophisticated, modern city.
Flora, do you agree with that?
Flora Apulu: Potentially. I think just from my perspective, being a young person in Auckland, looking at the Unitary Plan, I think it does bring that call to action that council is doing something about Auckland's growing population, especially the growing population of young people, so, yeah, definitely.
Ashley, if I can come back to you. More than 400 dwellings – capacity for that – what do you think is going to get built?
Church: I think there'll be a proliferation of apartments, and that's obvious already. There's been a lot of talk around the intention to build up in the inner city, and that's not necessarily a bad thing. That really reflects, I think, the desire for that kind of accommodation. And I think there'll be a fairly large increase in the- in respect of the urban boundary, which is going to be increased by 30%, so there'll be a lot more building of freestanding dwellings on the peripherals of the city. Both of those things are good, but as I said before, my concerns are around the impact on heritage and culture, particularly in the inner city.
So what are you saying – we're going to get sort of fridge-style apartments or-?
Church: Potentially, and in fact you've only got to go back to the '90s and early 2000s to see that we've already had that. In fact, it was 2006, 2007 that the council put a ban on those sorts of dwellings because they recognised what damage they can do to the culture of the city, and this plan essentially does away with that requirement and goes back to that.
Honey: Well, I'd be surprised if we start to see those. I think people have learnt that those are barely tenantable and horrific to live in. Most developers- The new developments you're seeing in the existing rules are providing larger houses, or larger apartments really, along the ridge of K Road, Great North Rd there. The ones that they're producing at the moment are of a much higher quality, because developers know that's where the market's heading.
So you basically don't think that high-density house- it's inevitable that high-density housing is ugly and of poor quality? You think it'd be made well?
Honey: Oh, absolutely. I think they're a good example of that.
Yeah. Well, we've got some actual pictures, I think, that you've provided to us of some examples, so should we take a look at those if we can bring those up. This is the kind of thing you're talking about?
Honey: Yeah, so this is actually a precedent from Wellington, surprisingly, and I think this is an extraordinary piece of architecture, because it sits in Mt Victoria, which is an historic area; it doesn't try to be an historic house, but it references them. As a piece of architecture, it's not too blank, solid walls. It really works hard. What's amazing is it's three-storeys high, so it's- with an underground car park. It's done by Parsonson Architects – very very capable, a winner of awards. But what's interesting, it's on a 560m2 section, which is pretty standard, and they've managed to get I think eight apartments on there.
On a 560-? Well, Sally Hughes, that doesn't look so bad, does it? What is the problem if we have to bowl a few villas to put some of those up?
Honey: One villa. One villa for eight houses.
One villa for eight houses. What's the problem?
Hughes: That's not the problem. The problem is in our character areas where there are consistent beautiful houses or bungalows or villas, where that starts to be degraded, that's the problem. I think intensification can be done very well, but in our older suburbs, I don't think we'll achieve what we're looking for, which is affordable housing, if we start to make inroads into those older suburbs.
Church: Lisa, I take additional issue. I agree with Sally, and, I mean, I'd love to think that Tommy was right, but I don't think he is. I think that as long as you've got commercial developers for whom there are no rules except the marketplace, they are going to go for the lowest common denominator. As long as there's a buyer – and there are going to be people who are going to buy these shoebox apartments – as long as there's a buyer, they're going to build them. So I think, unfortunately, while I'd like to think that's right, I simply don't believe it's true. I think that we will end up with these things, and we will have the same problem that we had in the '90s.
Flora, do you think we're going to get these low-quality mass developments?
Apulu: Yeah, and I guess that's another one of my biggest concerns, is that, you know, just looking at those pictures, I doubt that a lot of people that I work with- I work with a police youth-development trust called Genesis Youth Trust, and I don't think a lot of the people I work with would be able to afford those kind of houses and be able to fit the amount of people that live in their families. So it will be interesting to see what kind of quality of housing will be in some parts of Auckland compared to other parts, and that's my biggest concern, around affordability and quality. If there's no rules, like what Ashley's said, then, yeah, my concern is that we'll have some shoeboxes probably out South Auckland, west, northwest, and then we'll have these beautiful houses in other parts of Auckland.
I want to come back to the west and the south soon, but I just- Tommy, how much? How much for that terraced house in Auckland? Because that's the point that Flora makes. She still thinks that's out of her reach, in many people's reach.
Honey: Okay, so I actually think it's a really- The allowance of more areas that could be intensified- If you're a developer and you're looking at a 1000m2 site in a leafy suburb or a same-sized site in another suburb that's not as expensive and you can put the same amount of properties on it, you're actually going to make more money out of that one that's not in a leafy suburb. The stand-alone houses are actually safer in this scheme, because they've allowed for a lot more intensity elsewhere.
Honey: But that's reverse intensity, isn't it?
Honey: But you're saying that's a good or a bad thing.
Hughes: No, it's a bad thing. It's a really bad thing.
Honey: So it's a bad thing that there are fewer hou- I'm trying to get this. So I thought you were standing up for the single stand-alone house.
Hughes: No, we want to preserve the character suburbs that are worth preserving, the ones that the council identified through their pre-1944 assessment criteria, which has been lost. Those ones, we want to preserve them as the story of Auckland.
But is all-attractive and all-pretty and aesthetically pleasing good? Because under this plan, those historic houses that need to be protected can still be protected, can't they?
Hughes: No. No. There is- We've gone back to the special-character area. There's just a slim set of rules that provide one sort of little stop before demolition, but demolition has still been happening. We've looked- We've seen that a lot across Auckland under the current rules, and that's what will still be in place.
Church: Lisa, all of this could've been avoided. Sally's right. All of this could've been avoided if there was a very strong overlay philosophy in this plan that talked about quality, that talked about quality of development and quality of what we do, and it would've dealt with heritage issues; it would've dealt with cultural issues; it would've dealt with the sorts of issues that Tommy's talking about, but none of that's there. It's a breakneck focus on the development at all speed, and in the process, basically losing what we've had in respect of culture and heritage.
Tommy, you still think there are checks and balances for quality, don't you? Explain that.
So how do you guarantee it?
But there's no rules-Ashley's right, there's no rules around sizes of main rooms.
You can jam properties up against each other.
Honey: Well, actually you can't. When they talk about separation of buildings, they mean within a site, not between you and your neighbour. You can't go up to your neighbour. So what's going to happen is people will take proposals to the council that they can build as of right, and people are going to review them. If they're over a certain scale, they have to be assessed by the council, and that is going to mean that the council has a greater responsibility to be good at assessing, and I'm not sure the council is experienced enough to do that. So the problem in this area is – if you're going to build 13,000 houses a year and there are 13,000 building consents coming through, the people who are doing that assessing and looking at it have to have a much better understanding of quality. You only have to talk to architects in Auckland about the 23-year-old sitting across the counter telling them what they can't do, and simply because there is no formal training for people to be quality assessors.
The stopgap is going to be the council, and the volume of houses coming through potentially means that they're not going to be able to pay the attention to it. Is that what you're saying?
Hughes: And the track record isn't good. I mean, everybody can point to a beautiful villa that's been demolished in their area and something built in its place, and that's what we're so concerned about, is that it's a finite resource, that history of Auckland, and it's everybody's history; it's not just the people that live in that area.
But, Flora, is that standing in the way of the next generation getting a roof over their head?
And where is the line?
Apulu: Yeah, I think that the Unitary presents a really great opportunity for the growth for our houses in Auckland, but I think it also provides the options for more medium houses in Auckland, and I think we need affordable houses for young people, young families, all families as well as, yeah, more options. And some of us don't all want to live in those three-bedroom houses, you know, and some of actually do just need maybe a good-quality one-bedroom apartment, you know. So we need more options, and I think that's what needs to be done well.
Which brings me back to the question I started asking you – how much are those terraced houses-? To build one of those terraced houses in Auckland, what would that cost?
Honey: Well, how long is a piece of string?
700,000 to 800,000 – is that right, Tommy? Ballpark?
Honey: Yeah, I look at a building in Wellington – which is actually interesting – that is actually built by one family as an investment to rent out; they're not selling those places in Wellington. That's just a long-term rental place.
But that's right, isn't it? 700,000 to 800,000.
Apulu: Definitely not, for the average young person who's trying to find a job.
Which brings us to the point that affordable housing-a quota for affordable housing's been taken out of this plan. They're going to leave it to the market to drive the supply of the kinds of places that Flora's talking about, but can we rely on the market for that, Ashley? Because it doesn't seem to have favoured the first-time buyer now.
Hughes: And it won't be solved by slicing and dicing the character suburbs. What it needs is a concerted effort between the government, the council and the private sector to get together to provide those affordable houses, which I totally agree are really needed. It's the biggest need we have.
Mm, but Bill English would probably say, 'Yeah, we do need to slice and dice a bit.' In fact, he said, 'There's no point having beautifully designed cities if 90% of New Zealanders can't afford to live in them. We might have to get a bit ugly,' he says. Might we have to get a bit ugly?
Hughes: There's plenty of opportunities across Auckland for affordable housing to be built.
Honey: I think he's aligning cheap, affordable with ugly, and that is completely inappropriate. We can have beautiful cities full of affordable houses that might cost a lot less, and there are many, many examples around the world of this occurring. Just the other day I got an email through my inbox from a real estate agent wanting to sell me a $420,000 studio apartment on K Road, brand-new in very very well-designed development. Now, what happens in the affordable housing argument is people say, 'Yeah, yes, yes, but that's just a studio apartment. We're talking about a three-bedroom house.' There are many, many-If you go on to Trade Me and search under $400,000 or under $500,000, there are a lot of properties there, and they're available. What happens is that because elsewhere the prices are really climbing, people think that average price is the entry price. It isn't, and there are some great ways for people to get into the market.
I want to talk about transport, because a lot of these housing areas, well, they're going to be clustered around transport hubs and main routes. I'm wondering – are we created demand for services that we don't already have in place? Britomart's at capacity for trains; Symonds Street is full with buses; Central Link is years off, Flora, so are we putting people in places where we can't transport them?
Apulu: Yeah, definitely if we're looking at putting a lot of the growth going outwards without the, you know-Well, currently, we don't have the, you know, transport infrastructure or, I don't think, the social infrastructure to actually to go outwards. So it needs to be-you know, if we are going to build up, we need to make sure that, like what's everyone's saying, there's those good-quality homes and different housing options so that-yeah, it is about putting, you know, young people around those metropolitan areas so that they do have opportunities and access to those opportunities as well. If we keep them on the verge of the-the fringe of the city, how are they going to get there? My little brother works in the city. He needs to take, like, three buses and one train from Manurewa to Auckland. It's not working.
Church: Well, I think in respect of transport infrastructure, while what you're saying's correct, I don't think we have the-to the extent that we need to do this quickly, I don't think we have the luxury of saying, 'Let's get the transport infrastructure in place before we start building.' We have to build now, and that much I agree with, and if that means that the transport infrastructure's in catch-up for the next few years, then so be it. It's just going to have to be, because we have to get this accommodation in place as quickly as possible.
Flora, you also raised the point that there is going to be intensification, heavy intensification, in South Auckland and some out west. There doesn't seem to be the fuss over intensifying in South Auckland, and people have raised concerns that that possibly is where low-quality housing will be done. Do you have that fear?
Upulu: Yeah. I think there's already some existing examples of where there's been density done in South Auckland where it's not been done well, so I- you know, growing up there as well, I don't want that to happen, because I've seen the adverse effects of when we- when we cluster these just ugly, really low-quality housing, you know, apartments next to each other, where I see kids getting into trouble just by association of proximity, living next to each other. I don't think that's good enough for Auckland if we're going to be the most liveable, and I don't think any young person or child should have to live in these houses where it's leaky, where they're getting health-related issues because of that. Yeah.
But it's how we go forward from here. So in the time- No time left now, but I just want to quickly ask you – should the council pass this or not?
Hughes: I think it's going to, but I'm really worried about the results of that.
Church: I'm with Sally. I think they're going to, but I'm worried about some of the aspects around quality and culture.
Apulu: Yes, but we need to be taking into consideration the Maori cultural impacts assessments for their heritage, character heritage, as well. We need to be taking into consideration before we pass this the quality and provisions for affordable housing.
So basically yes with some tweaks. Okay.
The Nation on TV3, 9.30am Saturday, 10am Sunday, 11pm Monday, and 7pm Saturday on RadioLIVE. Proudly brought to you by New Zealand on Air's Platinum Fund.
One thing to remember that these are still recommendations to the Unitary Plan and Council needs to vote on them by August 19. So the Plan could still change although I doubt huge changes would be made unless Council wants to "invite" Government intervention.
Also as I was watching Q+A yesterday the person representing the Property Council talking about the Unitary Plan raise another point that is worth bearing in mind. Even when the Unitary Plan goes live from August 19 there is still a lag in terms of plan going live and homes being built under the Unitary Plan rules. This stems from it takes from three to five years from a development's plans being drawing up, to resource consent, then building consents and the first home or apartment going up.
It would even take Housing NZ the same amount of time to get a sizeable development through so either way we are looking at a five-year time lag before the first Unitary Plan developments would come through.
Decision making on the Unitary Plan starts August 10.


text:
Metoda Karnaugha (wym. spolszczona ), metoda Karnaugh (wym. ang. ) – sposób minimalizacji funkcji boolowskich. Został wynaleziony w 1950 roku przez Maurice'a Karnaugh. W ogólnym przypadku znalezienie formuły minimalnej dla zadanej funkcji boolowskiej jest bardzo skomplikowanym problemem. Jednak jeśli funkcja ma małą liczbę zmiennych (do sześciu) i zostanie zapisana w specjalnej tablicy zwanej mapą lub siatką Karnaugha, wówczas znalezienie minimalnej formuły odbywa się na drodze intuicyjnej. W celu minimalizacji funkcji o większej liczbie wejść stosuje się metody komputerowe, na przykład metodę Quine'a-McCluskeya.

Indeksy kratek
W siatce Karnaugha część zmiennych binarnych przypisana jest wierszom, a część kolumnom. Indeksy i kolumny numerowane są przy pomocy kodu Graya. Wektorem odpowiadającym danej kratce jest wektor powstały po "sklejeniu" binarnego numeru wiersza z binarnym numerem kolumny.

Dzięki zastosowaniu kodu Graya możliwe jest znalezienie w wizualny sposób pól sąsiednich logicznie, czyli różniących się wartością dokładnie jednej zmiennej. Przy większej liczbie zmiennych staje się to jednak trudniejsze.

Minimalizacja funkcji logicznych

W celu minimalizacji funkcji logicznych należy wypełnić mapę Karnaugha wartościami (1 lub 0) odpowiadającymi wartościom funkcji dla wartości argumentów opisujących dane pole w tablicy. Następnie grupuje się pola o wybranej wartości (1 aby uzyskać funkcję minimalną w postaci sumy, 0 dla postaci iloczynu). Grupy muszą mieć kształt prostokąta o długościach boków będących potęgami dwójki (przy czym może on przechodzić przez krawędź tablicy, a dla liczby zmiennych powyżej 4 nie musi być spójny, a jedynie łączyć pola sąsiednie logicznie). W celu uzyskania postaci minimalnej, grupy powinny być możliwie największe. Jedno pole może należeć do wielu grup.

W każdej uzyskanej grupie część wartości zmiennych będzie wspólna dla wszystkich pól i to z nich powstaje wyrażenie odpowiadające danej grupie. Jeżeli pogrupowane zostały jedynki, wyrażenie dla pojedynczej grupy będzie miało postać iloczynu zmiennych, które, jeżeli w danej grupie przyjmują wartość 1, będą występowały w postaci prostej, jeżeli 0 – w postaci zanegowanej (zmienne przyjmujące w danej grupie różne wartości są pomijane); funkcja końcowa będzie sumą tych iloczynów. Jeżeli utworzono grupy zer, wyrażenie dla danej grupy będzie sumą zmiennych w postaci zanegowanej, jeżeli w danej grupie mają wartość 1, prostej, jeśli 0; wynik będzie iloczynem takich sum. Tak więc im grupa jest większa, od tym mniejszej liczby zmiennych zależy.

Sklejanie "na skos"
Gdy istnieją grupy jednoelementowe, które stykają się ze sobą rogami (nie mogą zostać sklejone w konwencjonalny sposób), jest możliwość zminimalizowania funkcji za pomocą funktorów XOR i XNOR.

Stany nieokreślone
Jeżeli dana funkcja logiczna dla danej kombinacji wartości argumentów nie jest określona (tzn. wartość, jaką przyjmie dla niej funkcja, nie jest istotna), odpowiednie pole może (ale nie musi) zostać wcielone do którejś z grup w celu jej powiększenia.

Zobacz też
 algorytm ekspansji
 implikant funkcji boolowskiej
 metoda Espresso

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Funkcje boolowskie


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« The New Grey
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Tripped N Fell
May 27, 2016 by mountainmornings
That's the funny name of a farm near here. It never fails to tickle me each time I pass by, it speaks to the klutz in me, and to that part of me that thinks, "Well, you could step in …..!" The promise of an opportunity in the midst of a screw-up.
This morning we have one presidential candidate who would like to hold his taxes in close to the vest, and another who thinks everybody deserves to have private emails. The problem is that when you decide to run for the highest office in the land, everything is fair game. I cannot imagine anything Hillary might say in a private email that would (excuse the pun) trump the Donald's oversized ego and grandiose public talking points.
He speaks in Twitter, full of incomplete sentences and contradictions. And he gives friends and enemies alike nicknames, as if he were a twelve year old boy. Try to think what would happen if Hill spouted any of his nonsense. Imagine Madame Secretary calling Senator Elizabeth Warren "Pocahontas." Trump later Tweeted:
"I find it offensive that Goofy Elizabeth Warren, sometimes referred to as Pocahontas, pretended to be Native American to get in Harvard."
Personally, I'd take "Goofy" over "Pocahontas" any day, as Jenna Johnson reported in the Washington Post. A Native American journalist, who called Trump's remarks offensive, said: "It's absolutely ludicrous in this day and age that we're recognized as high cheekbones, the stereotypes of what you would see in 'Dances with Wolves,' " Robertson said, referencing the 1990 movie. "Pocahontas — it's so overdone. Like, come on. We're living in a day and age now where that whole image and the romanticism around it and her portrayal — really it wasn't a good story if you look at the history of Pocahontas." https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/05/26/donald-trump-gets-called-out-for-calling-elizabeth-warren-pocahontas/
No, the story of a Native woman who was captured by English sailors and used as a pawn to broker peace for the Jamestown Settlement, was later converted to Christianity and married to John Rolfe (even though she had already married a Native Pamunkey man named Kocoum), moved to Henrico, VA, and died from tuberculosis or pneumonia she contracted after visiting England at the age of 22 is not a good story.
Another sign I pass frequently in my travels around Charlottesville is the birthplace of Meriwether Lewis, President Thomas Jefferson's personal Secretary and later leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition – a little tour de force that relied heavily on another kidnapped Native woman named Sacagawea. It's almost ironic that Lewis' first duty for TJ was privately screening officers in the Army with a code he wrote next to their names. He was a trusted neighbor who was born about ten miles from Monticello, right down the street from me, and after a bitter political fight between the Federalists and the Republicans, President Jefferson needed to know who was on his side! From Monticello's website:
The roster of all commissioned officers, dated July 24, 1801, that was supplied to Jefferson featured curious symbols beside each officer's name. Historians have identified an accompanying key that gives a meaning to each symbol as being written in the hand of Meriwether Lewis. From this it has been concluded that one of Lewis' first duties was to assist Jefferson in determining the worthiness or unworthiness of officers, and in some instances their political leanings as well.
So secrecy and intrigue are not new to the political machinations of our fair country. I can only hope that Trump might trip himself up eventually, and say something he cannot walk back. Something, anything indefensible. Or maybe he'll laugh like John Dean?
We chose Misty Gray for our basement. You can barely see our ghostly, gray mountains this morning, but the sun is OUT and the view from our basement under the deck isn't half bad. Have a great Memorial Day Weekend folks, and try not to trip and fall into your local ER!
Posted in Books, Journaling, Wedding, Country | Tagged current-events, Donald Trump, Elizabeth Warren, Hillary Clinton, history, Jenna Johnson, Monticello, paint, Politics, Washington Post | 2 Comments
on May 27, 2016 at 2:50 pm | Reply cyclingrandma
Happy weekend! Sure wish he'd trip and fall through a deep hole and not return. I don't understand the people supporting him.. and am scared by it.
on May 27, 2016 at 3:15 pm | Reply mountainmornings
Agreed. I don't understand a lot about politics and super delegates etc. why would our president apologize for a killing by an American serviceman in Japan and not for Hiroshima? One thing J learned in public policy is to follow the money and that still holds.


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'Avatar' & 9 Other Films That Broke Ground In The New Millennium – Collider
Influential movies that will go down in cinematic history.
Avatar: The Way of Water premiered to critical and commercial success, cementing James Cameron as the king of Hollywood. The original Avatar was already a hit – it's the all-time highest-grossing film, after all – but the sequel cemented the franchise as a crucial part of modern Hollywood.
RELATED: The All-Time Biggest December Box Office Hits
It's easy to forget how groundbreaking Avatar was. It revolutionized the 3D experience and redefined the limits of VFX. Avatar was a major stepping stone in Hollywood, just like these other films, which broke ground in their genres and fields. All these projects were before-and-afters in their own way, and modern cinema wouldn't be the same without them.
Twelve years after becoming the metaphorical "king of the world" with Titanic, James Cameron returned to the director's chair with Avatar. The film centers on humanity's efforts to colonize the moon Pandora, which threatens the survival of the indigenous tribe known as Na'vi.
Although criticized for its formulaic plot, the film received considerable praise for its breathtaking VFX. Avatar featured groundbreaking 3D technology and brought the trend back into fashion – many subsequent films tried to capture the same result but failed miserably. Avatar's technical achievements remained unmatched for years, arguably until now when Cameron returned with the long-awaited sequel.
Jennifer Lawrence owned 2012. She might've won the Oscar for her performance in Silver Linings Playbook but became a bonafide movie star thanks to The Hunger Games. The film tells the story of Katniss Everdeen, a young girl who volunteers as a tribute for a televised competition to the death known as the Hunger Games.
Based on Suzane Collins' eponymous novel, The Hunger Games was the birth of the YA frenzy of the mid-2010s. It kickstarted a trend of YA-oriented films set in a dystopian version of the United States and starring a promising up-and-coming actress. However, none of its successors managed to repeat The Hunger Games' critical and commercial success.
Ang Lee's Brokeback Mountain broke ground on multiple levels. The film stars the late Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal and tells the story of the twenty-year romantic relationship between two cowboys living in the American Midwest.
RELATED: The Best Western Romance Movies
Queer cinema existed for years before Brokeback Mountain. However, the film was the first to become a bonafide phenomenon. It became a box office hit and received three Oscars, becoming one of the first queer movies to transcend its usually-niche genre. It could be seen as the film that introduced queer cinema into the mainstream, cementing itself as one of the most important projects of the new millennium.
The Mission: Impossible franchise was already a beloved and reasonably respected trilogy when 2014's Ghost Protocol premiered. Tom Cruise reprised his role as Ethan Hunt in a story that featured the IMF's disintegration following an incident in Russia, forcing Hunt and his team to go undercover to clear their names.
Ghost Protocol was the beginning of a new chapter in the Mission: Impossible series. Featuring larger-than-life and thrilling action sequences, Ghost Protocol and its sequels are among the best action movies that defined the 2010s. They cemented Tom Cruise as the last of Hollywood's great action stars and inspired the business to invest in over-the-top action movies that favored spectacle without losing their narrative punch.
Baz Luhrmann defied expectations with his wildly original take on the musical romance. 2001's Moulin Rouge! stars Nicole Kidman and Ewan McGregor and follows the blossoming romance of a Parisian courtesan and a young English writer.
A jukebox musical with enough panache to make Liberace jealous, Moulin Rouge! revived the then-dying movie musical. Once one of Hollywood's leading genres, the musical was dying a slow and painful death in the latter half of the 20th century. However, Moulin Rouge! proved there was still life in the once-beloved genre, prompting studios to bring many Broadway smashes to the big screen in later years.
The MCU was born in 2008, but 2012's The Avengers cemented it as the cinematic phenomenon of the millennium. The film follows the creation of the eponymous team, which first assembles to fight the ambitious Loki and his alien army.
Beyond its contributions to the superhero genre, The Avengers was the blueprint for the modern cinematic universe. The film proved there was a fortune hiding in plain sight, and practically every studio jumped at the chance to have its own cinematic universe. None has been able to replicate the MCU's formula so far, and it's all because of the groundbreaking magic of The Avengers.
Moonlight centers on Chiron, chronicling his life in three parts – childhood, adolescence, and adulthood – and focusing on his struggles with sexuality and identity. Directed by Barry Jenkins, the film stars Mahershala Ali and Naomie Harris in major supporting roles, and Trevante Rhodes, Ashton Sanders, and Alex Hibbert as Chiron.
RELATED: The Highest-Grossing A24 Movies Of All Time
If Brokeback Mountain helped queer cinema break into the mainstream, then Moonlight cemented it as one of the richest and most complex cinematic genres. The film was a major turning point for Black queer representation in cinema, placing a seldom-seen storyline front and center. Its Oscar win – and the debacle that went with it – established it as a memorable part of pop culture, but its depth and resonance cemented it as one of the 21st century's greatest cinematic achievements.
Christopher Nolan's neo-noir take on the superhero genre changed things for good. The Dark Knight stars Christian Bale as Batman and follows the Caped Crusader's efforts to bring down the deranged criminal known as Joker, played by the late Heath Ledger.
The Dark Knight legitimized the superhero genre in the industry's eyes. Featuring a tense and thrilling plot and a tour-de-force, Oscar-winning performance by Ledger, The Dark Knight proved there was more to a comic book-based movie than just capes and tights. It showed that superhero movies could blend genres successfully, setting the stage for future comic book movies to try and explore beyond their own confinements.
James Bond came roaring back to life with a surprisingly gritty and hectic reboot focusing on the early years of his spy career. Casino Royale stars the perpetually stoic Daniel Craig as 007 and follows him as he infiltrates a dangerous poker tournament with potentially catastrophic consequences.
Casino Royale breathed new life into the then-dormant spy genre. Disposing of the larger-than-life gadgets and gimmicky sequences, the film showed a more grounded take on Bond, portraying him as a reckless action man who wasn't afraid to get his hands dirty. Casino Royale launched a new and successful iteration of Bond and proved there was still room for a spy thriller where the spy's fists were as effective as his gun.
The fantasy genre was all but dead when Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone came out in November 2001. Based on J.K. Rowling's novel of the same name, the film centers on the titular character as he discovers he's a wizard and becomes involved in the mystery of the Sorcerer's Stone at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.
Along with The Lord of the Rings trilogy, Harry Potter revitalized the dying fantasy genre. The film launched a multi-billion dollar franchise that includes merchandise, video games, and theme parks. However, the films remain a beloved part of noughties culture. They inspired countless rip-offs that tried and failed to capture the same audience, proving that the Potter formula really is unique.
NEXT: Best Action Movies Of The 21st Century, According To IMDb


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Home > Industry News & Events from HART > News > Ice Cream Trends, Top Flavors, Toppings & More!
Ice Cream Trends, Top Flavors, Toppings & More!
National Ice Cream Month is just around the corner and the International Dairy Foods Association (IDFA) has partnered once again with Research America, Inc. to survey ice cream trends and America's love for all things ice cream and frozen desserts. This year's survey is the most comprehensive to date, polling major national and regional ice cream makers and processors from IDFA's membership, as well as hundreds of smaller scoop shops and retail ice cream makers from the North American Ice Cream Association, in addition to 1,000 American consumers.
So, what's the scoop? According to the survey, ice cream trends and America's favorite flavors depend on who you ask—ice cream makers or consumers. But before you lose your sprinkles, let's compare the two groups:
Top 5 flavors among ice cream makers and scoop shops:
Cookies N' Cream
Top 5 flavors among consumers:
It's clear that chocolate, vanilla, and cookies n' cream remain the top-three flavors in the country, mirroring results from the 2017 IDFA-Research America survey. This year, however, a few new flavors entered the top-five with the emergence of strawberry and chocolate chip alongside top-five staple mint chocolate chip.
"America's love for ice cream knows no bounds," said IDFA President and CEO Michael Dykes, D.V.M. "Comforting and satisfying as an indulgent treat, ice cream production and consumption grew throughout the COVID pandemic and sales continue to set a blazing pace at grocery, scoop shops, and corner stores. America's favorite frozen treat is more than dessert—it also supports nearly 30,000 jobs and pumps $13.1 billion into our nation's economy each year according to IDFA's Dairy Delivers®. This July, celebrate National Ice Cream Month with a cone, pint, or half-gallon of your favorite flavor and know that you're also supporting dairy farmers and manufacturers across this great nation."
More results from the IDFA-Research America survey:
What type of container do consumers prefer?
Waffle cones beat out sugar cones 32% to 12% among consumers, but 37% of consumers prefer to eat their ice cream out of a bowl.
What type of toppings do consumers prefer?
Chocolate is the most popular topping sauce, beating caramel 26% to 18%. Nuts and sprinkles are the most popular dry toppings, 15% and 14%, respectively.
Which nuts do consumers prefer?
Among nuts, pecans beat peanuts 24% to 18% among consumers.
Ice cream makers and scoop shops report the same ranking.
What is the most popular fruit included with ice cream?
Strawberries, at 48% of consumers. Bananas ranked second at 36%.
What is the most popular confection included in ice cream according to ice cream makers?
Cookies take the top spot (46%), followed by candy/chocolate pieces (27%) and brownies (19%).
When and how often do consumers eat ice cream?
73% of consumers consume ice cream at least once per week and 2 out of 3 consume ice cream in the evening.
Where do consumers buy their ice cream?
84% prefer to purchase ice cream at the grocery store and eat it at home.
When purchasing ice cream, what size container do consumers prefer?
Almost half of consumers prefer half-gallon containers for ice cream from a grocery store; 23% prefer a pint.
Other ice cream facts from the survey:
Sandwiches are the most popular novelty product, beating out cones 48% to 21%, followed by sticks/pops at 12%.
While ice cream makers say they are seeing increased demand for non-dairy ice creams and plant-based ingredients, consumers rank these at the bottom of the list for most-consumed types of ice cream and frozen desserts.
Premium and regular ice cream is 80% of the market, according to ice cream makers.
July is the busiest month for ice cream production when nearly 3/5 of all ice cream is produced, followed by June and May.
Two-thirds of ice cream makers say they already use or plan to incorporate more sustainable packaging solutions.
IDFA's National Ice Cream Trends Survey was conducted in May through June 2022 and included members of the International Dairy Foods Association, the North American Ice Cream Association, and U.S. consumers who self-reported consuming ice cream in the last month. Email invitations and links were sent by IDFA and the North American Ice Cream Association to their members to complete an online survey. Research America, Inc. surveyed ice cream consumers online via panel sample on a nationwide basis.
Source: IDFA
Kellogg To Separate Into Three Companies Land O'Lakes, Bel Brands Expand Sustainability Program


Achy feet find respite in the soft cocoon of a TheraToes foot wrap, releasing pent-up stress and tension as they undergo hot or cold healing therapy. Therma gel lines the wrap, as does a layer of mesh fabric that protects skin from direct contact with heat and cold more comfortably than a Velcro suit. The stylish, zebra-like design snugly fits the left or right foot.


Chris and I have eaten our share of meatballs, and few compare to these for consistent taste and quality results.
What we've found is that there are so many ways to make them. And, other nationalities make them too! They just call them by a different name and have a different taste due to culture.
The associated image is how Louise cooked them and we have followed in that tradition.
After they are seared they are placed in our favorite tomato sauce.
So when you prepare and eat Louise's tasty delights, be prepared to make them over and over again.
Once they are prepared and cooked, you can freeze them with no sauce and add your own when you want to eat.
And, they go great with onions and peppers as well as tomato sauce and even brown gravy.
Try these on for size. You won't be dissappointed!
(Bread crumbs are best when hand broken into pieces).
Put ground sirloin and all other ingredients into large bowl and mix by hand until all is blended throughly.
Refrigerate mix for a couple hours before frying.
In a Presto 06626 11 inch Electric Skillet w/glass lid, cover bottom with Olive oil and heat on medium.
While oil is heating, take small amounts of the meat mixture and form small to medium size balls by rolling each piece between palms of hands making a rolling motion.
As each ball is made, gently put it into the frying pan and lightly brown the circumference of it.
As they turn brown take them out of the oil and gently place them in a sauce pan filled half way with tomato sauce on low heat (see sauce recipe).
Let simmer for 2 - 3 hours. The sauce will bubble the longer you let them cook.
Keep a watchful eye on them and after each 30 minutes, gently stir without breaking them so they may get even heat.
Taste test after 2 hours by breaking one to see if the inside is no longer pink, then consume.
You may serve these immediately or you may freeze them for future use.
Note: Refrigerating meatballs prior to frying helps to enhance flavor and keep their shape.
Low Fat Substitute If you can find Bell & Evans ground Turkey, subsitute it for the sirloin. Slightly different taste without your favorite sauce, but none-the-less a great tasting meatball.
I know, these are just that, but everyone likes Italian and Gram's meat-balls are always a favorite.
In our travels, we came across some ingredients that have enhanced Gram's and since I am a person of gastronomical adventure decided to kick them up a notch.
It is not easy being the Guinea pig because sometimes your taste-buds just go dark, but none-the-less, I think these made a big hit (all but six were gone).
he making of them is quite simple, but add too much of one ingredient and you could have a disaster.
No! You don't need a fancy kitchen and you don't have to be a trained chef to whip these up, and if you have a large family, this recipe serves six with no problem.
Don't have a large family? Make the quantity anyway and put any remaining in the freezer after cooking them thoroughly.
In a large mixing bowl, place ground sirloin and break apart into small pinky size pieces.
Add the chile power, dry mustard, garlic powder and sweet basil mixing thoroughly.
Add the bread crumbs half at a time and mix well so that all the bread crumbs are evenly mixed.
Add the minced garlic and mix well again.
Add the eggs mixing until all the ground sirloin has a slick look to it then let stand for about 5 minutes.
Take a small amount of the mixture and form a ball about the size of a golf ball rolling until the mixture stays together.
The size of the ball will dictate how many meatballs you will get. In this recipe, 24 meatballs were all that was needed so they were a bit larger than a golf ball.
Place each ball on a platter until all the meat is rolled.
While rolling the mixture, add the olive oil and heat in an electric skillet to 325 degrees.
Once the oil is hot, add enough balls and brown the surface of each. Add only enough so that they can be turned and cooked on the entire surface. This insures all the sirloin is cooked through.
If you don't have to have an electric skillet, to cook the meatballs, you can use a frying pan on the stove.
I recommend a Presto 06626 11 inch Electric Skillet w/glass lid because the oil will not overheat reducing the chance of you getting burned.
Cook so that the surface of each meat-ball is brown and a bit crisp.
Place each meat-ball on a platter with a paper towel to drain any excess oil.
Add your favorite tomato sauce to a 2 quart sauce pan. Place the browned meatballs into the sauce and stir carefully so that each meatball is covered with sauce.
Place a cover on the sauce pan and simmer for about 2 hours or until the center is cooked if not already done from the skillet.
These will melt in your mouth.
Serve Hot or cold. Best flavor when hot.
Add more chile powder if you want them to really kick when going down.
Serve them with Italian bread and thinly sliced provolone with a garnish of Mozzarella and extra sauce.
Use plain or Italian Panko bread crumbs unless you have access to our secret ingredient's location.
Secret Ingredient – Chris and I grew up in and around the Hartford, CT area.
In Hartford there is an Italian family restaurant on Maple Avenue. Need we say more?
We have not been able to reverse engineer the bread crumbs, but have come close.
If you are in the Hartford, CT area seek out Maple Giant Grinder, have one of their signature chicken cutlet or beef cutlet sandwiches with a garnish of cooked peppers, provolone and a little extra sauce.
You won't be disappointed... messy but not disappointed!
Return to Easy Everyday Cooking Recipes from Meatballs.


Ever Buy Memory on Ebay?
Discussion in 'Buying Tips and Advice' started by johnnysart, Jun 28, 2008.
I found this on ebay just wondering if this really is a good deal?
Never been fond of eBay. If you trust the seller then go for it because it's a good deal. Just make sure the memory matches your machine.
I don't know, I try to stay away from the big sellers because if something goes wrong it takes them forever to fix it. I've bought about ten sticks of ram or so on ebay and never have a problem when I buy from smaller users with 100% positive feedback.
I like the big sellers. Look at the feedback. Any seller with that many feedbacks and a high positive rating like that has got to have some happy customers.
However, read through the ad and make sure you can return the memory if it doesn't work with your machine. He should have a clause in the ad stating that he will accept returns and will refund your money, not just exchange for another product. If he offers that, go for it.
Yeah I'd rather buy at crucial.com or newegg.com ... Just know the exact kind your machine needs and you're good to go.
Why take the risk of buying from eBay?
The same RAM is US$56 at Data Memory Systems, (or $48 for their EconoRAM) but with free USPS shipping. That's from a seller who has been in the Mac memory business 17+ years. Or choose OWC or Crucial.
Keep in mind too this is the DDR2-533 RAM for the G5 Dual-core (PCI-e slots, introduced October 2005), NOT the PC3200 RAM for the earlier G5 Dual Processor (PCI slots). The PC3200 RAM is quite a bit more expensive.
I buy on ebay ALL the time and sell as well. I take price + shipping and compare that to other stores' price + shipping, factor in feedback, and make my decision from there. I've made about 100 purchases over the last year, and never have been unhappy, honestly. I saved $100 alone on one memory purchase. A lot of reputable merchants sell with ebay to increase their sales. I'm not saying to buy from ebay because it's ebay, but if the price, quality, warranty, is right, why not? Use your credit card for the added insurance.
Is the eBay seller going to be there in three years when you need to claim on the lifetime warranty?
eBay is fine for used goods and collectibles and stuff you don;t expect a warranty on, as long as you know what you are doing. But I want an established brick and mortar firm for the stuff I want future support for.
And in this example, you end up paying as much or more for the eBay RAM as you would from an established firm with a good reputation here on MR.
Lifetime warranties are usually offered by manufacturers or purchased separately. There are many ebay merchants that operate just like any other established store, and will allow you to purchase extended warranties if you choose. I saved $1,000 purchasing my MacBook Pro on ebay and Apple honors their warranty on my product. The memory that I purchased (about a year ago, and for a compaq pc) on ebay was in all original packaging and the warranty was honored by the manufacturer. I know this because I did get one bad memory stick and sent it to the manufacturer for an exchange. I also purchased a stick of memory that ended up not being compatible with my computer and the merchant refunded my money completely. Email correspondence was excellent.
Having said all of that. Peace of mind is important, and if one feels unsure, inexperienced, or just uneasy about doing business with any merchant, then, of course, find another.
Wow-----------Thank you for all your feedback everybody and I'll check out Data Memory Systems.
I found 2GB kit (1GBx2) for 73.99 for my mac at crucial.com I think this is the way I'll go.
Lifetime warranties are usually offered by manufacturers or purchased separately.
The major manufacturers - Samsung, Hynix, Elpida, Qimonda and Micron are wholesale only. They do not deal with end users and will not answer your emails about warranty. The RAM warranty is through the reseller or through the name-brander of the memory (Kingston, Crucial, etc.) not the manufacturer -- if you even can find out who the manufacturer is. There are hundreds of small assembly houses which solder chipsets onto circuit boards, which are then sold under hundreds of different names (or no name).
You have consumer-direct lifetime coverage from just a few of the major brands like Kingston and Crucial, if the RAM is genuine. But the vast majority of the RAM on eBay is third party generic or bulk RAM and you're going to be out of luck if the seller isn't there.
That explains my misunderstanding then. I've bought on ebay plenty, but only the big names. Thanks for the clarification.
I'd only buy memory from a reputable dealer like OWC or NewEgg. I've never thought of purchasing RAM on eBay god forbid there was an issue with the RAM. If you're adamant on purchasing RAM from eBay, make sure the seller will either a) guarantee the RAM works in your machine and/or b) accept returns if the RAM does not work in your machine. For me, the hassle is not worth the savings if there is an issue with the RAM.


Part I of this report focuses on how climate change will impact water resources. It begins with a brief summary of climate change science. It then explores what a changing climate will mean for the Great Lakes, including possible lowering of lake levels, impacts on fisheries and wildlife, changes in Great Lakes shorelines, and reduction of groundwater supplies.
Climate change will also reduce water supplies in other parts of the country, creating increased pressure to divert Great Lakes water to other regions. As the Great Lakes and other regions struggle with loss of water supplies, demand for water is expected to increase unless water conservation laws and policies are adopted.
Part II of this report focuses on policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change and to adapt to the unavoidable impacts on water resources. It begins with a brief summary of recommendations to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases which cause climate change. It then evaluates the adequacy of existing Great Lakes water resource policies for responding to the pressures of climate change. Unfortunately, current laws and policies intended to protect Great Lakes water resources from diversions (transfers of Great Lakes water outside of the basin) and overuse within the basin are not up to the new challenges posed by climate change.
The report concludes by examining how the Great Lakes compact gives the region an opportunity to make these improvements in water resource policy and better protect the Great Lakes from the pressures of climate change.
The stress of climate change threatens the health of the Great Lakes, putting a valuable water resource at risk.