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Mol. Cells 2021; 44(11): 843-850
Published online November 30, 2021
Q-omics: Smart Software for Assisting Oncology and Cancer Research
Jieun Lee1,3 , Youngju Kim1,3 , Seonghee Jin1 , Heeseung Yoo1 , Sumin Jeong1 , Euna Jeong2 , and Sukjoon Yoon1,2,*
1Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea, 2Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea, 3These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to : yoonsj@sookmyung.ac.kr
Received: June 25, 2021; Revised: August 22, 2021; Accepted: September 4, 2021
The rapid increase in collateral omics and phenotypic data has enabled data-driven studies for the fast discovery of cancer targets and biomarkers. Thus, it is necessary to develop convenient tools for general oncologists and cancer scientists to carry out customized data mining without computational expertise. For this purpose, we developed innovative software that enables user-driven analyses assisted by knowledge-based smart systems. Publicly available data on mutations, gene expression, patient survival, immune score, drug screening and RNAi screening were integrated from the TCGA, GDSC, CCLE, NCI, and DepMap databases. The optimal selection of samples and other filtering options were guided by the smart function of the software for data mining and visualization on Kaplan-Meier plots, box plots and scatter plots of publication quality. We implemented unique algorithms for both data mining and visualization, thus simplifying and accelerating user-driven discovery activities on large multiomics datasets. The present Q-omics software program (v0.95) is available at http://qomics.sookmyung.ac.kr.
Keywords biomarker, cancer bioinformatics, immune infiltrate, Kaplan-Meier plot, omics data mining, smart software
Large collateral datasets, including those on mutations, gene expression, drug/RNAi screening and patient survival, are publicly available from diverse resources (Barretina et al., 2012; Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network et al., 2013; Ghandi et al., 2019; Guan et al., 2019; Iorio et al., 2016; Monks et al., 2018; Shi et al., 2021). Integrated analysis of the cross-association of these datasets provides useful clues for finding novel targets, predictive biomarkers and related mechanisms (Jeong et al., 2020; Shen et al., 2019). For example, many genes and mutations have been found to be associated with the patient survival rate via analyses of datasets from the TCGA database (Cao et al., 2020; Eckstein et al., 2020; Hong et al., 2017; Kitsou et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2011; Zhong et al., 2020). Cell line databases provide clues for the identification of predictive biomarkers against drug resistance and/or sensitivity (Garnett et al., 2012; He et al., 2014; Kim et al., 2016; Li et al., 2021; Yang et al., 2013). Novel targets against subtype-specific cancer mutations have also been suggested (Biswas et al., 2019; Li et al., 2019; Park et al., 2019).
An explosive increase in these collateral datasets will provide important resources for diverse data-driven cancer research projects. However, systematic and integrated analyses of these datasets are still challenging to most oncologists and cancer researchers with no computational background. Many web-based tools have been developed to improve the utility of public cancer datasets, such as Oncomine (Rhodes et al., 2004), cBioPortal (Cerami et al., 2012), and TIMER2.0 (Li et al., 2020). Although these web-based applications provide useful tools for a quick data search with significant information, user-oriented customized calculation and data filtration are generally limited from these server-provided functions. Thus, flexible and comprehensive software is required for cancer scientists to carry out customized data processing and computation on their local computers.
Here, we attempted to develop innovative smart software for oncologists to easily start their own data mining projects without computational skills. We established two aims for this software. First, the process of data analysis and visualization should be simple and comprehensive by providing a user-friendly graphical interface and an intuitive organization of menus. Second, we tried to implement smart functions that guide users to find optimal outputs, i.e., associated data pairs and graphs, via real-time communication with a server-side knowledge base harboring billions of pre-calculated data pairs. For these purposes, we simultaneously developed stand-alone software with data processing and computation abilities and a server-side knowledge base that can be connected to local software. This report briefly presents the functions and utilities of this software, Q-omics v0.95. The smart system of the implemented knowledge base will be continuously updated with improved visualization options in the user interface. We expect that the present computer-aided, smart data mining system will have general utilities in all fields of oncology and cancer research without the requirements of bioinformatics skills.
Cell line data
Cell line-based large-scale data consisting of RNA sequencing data (Expression, ver. 20Q1), sgRNA sequencing data (CRISPR, ver. 20Q1), shRNA screening data (Achilles + DRIVE + Marcotte, DEMETER2), mutation data (Mutation Public, ver. 20Q4), and drug response data (Sanger GDSC1 and GDSC2) were obtained from the DepMap portal (https://depmap.org/portal/). RNA sequencing data represent log2-transformed transcripts per million (TMP) + 1 values using RSEM normalization. sgRNA and shRNA data are batch-corrected CERES gene knockout effects (Meyers et al., 2017) and DEMETER2 estimated gene knockdown effects (McFarland et al., 2018), respectively. Mutation data are MAF of gene mutations. Drug response data are published as IC50 (nM) values and we transformed to logarithmic scale pIC50 (M). To analyze associations between datasets, 20 lineages with a sufficient number of common cell lines between RNA sequencing data and other data (sgRNA and drug response) were used in this study. Furthermore, the gene expression data of NCI60 cell lines treated with 15 drugs were obtained from the GEO database (GSE116436) (Monks et al., 2018). Details on the cell line, number of lineages, number of cell lines, and number of genes/drugs are shown in Table 1.
Tissue data
Patient RNA sequencing data, clinical data, and mutation data were obtained from the Genomic Data Commons Data Portal (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/). In total, 33 cancer types were investigated in this study. For comparisons between normal and tumor data, paired normal and tumor tissue samples from 18 cancer types whose number of matched tissue samples was larger than 2 were collected. RNA sequencing data in FPKM (fragments per kilobase of transcript per million fragments mapped) values are transformed to log2 (TPM + 1) values after downloading. In addition, immune cell enrichment score for TCGA data was obtained from the xCell portal (https://xcell.ucsf.edu/) (Aran et al., 2017). Details on the tissue type, number of lineages, number of samples, and number of genes are shown in Table 1.
Cross-association analysis
To analyze associations between two datasets, we performed a cross-association analysis between phenotypic efficacy and gene expression in our previous work (Jeong et al., 2020). In this study, we extended the concept of cross-association to analyze more diverse datasets, including those on gene expression, sgRNAs, shRNAs, the drug response, and mutations (Fig. 1). Cross-associations between each data type, such as drug versus RNA-seq and shRNA versus mutation, and within the same data type, such as sgRNA versus sgRNA and mutation versus mutation, can be analyzed.
Two association measures are predictivity and descriptivity. Given any two datasets (X and Y), we assume that x and y are entries of X and Y, respectively. The predictivity of x measures the difference in x values between two groups divided by the median of y. In contrast, the descriptivity of x measures the difference in y values between two groups divided by the median x. Significance was tested using Fisher's exact test for categorical data (mutation) and Student's t-test for numerical data (all other data).
Survival analysis
Survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier (KM) method, and the log-rank test was used to compare the survival outcomes of two groups as a test of statistical significance. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to provide an estimate of the size of the difference between two groups. In this study, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. The two analyses differed according to the definition of the primary endpoint: all causes of death during the study period were used to analyze OS, and a tumor event or death was used to analyze DFS.
For the single-gene survival analysis, patients were divided into two groups based on high or low expression of the given gene or mutation status of the given gene. The association of two genes can be determined in advance to generate several subgroups for combined-gene survival analysis. Furthermore, for a more sophisticated survival analysis, a subset of patients was selected using clinical information such as sex, stage, or any combination of sex and stage.
Q-omics was designed to run locally on user computers. While running Q-omics, time-consuming or data/memory-intensive analyses are performed on the server computer. For example, the cross-association analysis on the user side investigates only in a given lineage, while the smart search retrieves the most highly associated pairs in all 20 lineages from the server side. Similarly, for the survival analysis, the user side calculates the survival rate based on a single gene in a given lineage, while the smart search provides the significance of the survival rate based on a given gene in all 33 lineages.
Box plot analysis
Box plots in Q-omics can be used to visualize differences in the distribution of numerical data between different groups. The differences between two groups were analyzed by calculating the fold change and P value (Student's t-test).
Q-omics also provides a platform for comparisons between drug-induced changes in gene expression. Gene expression data from NCI60 cell lines treated with 15 anticancer agents contained the measured expression values of nine genes at three time points (2, 4, and 24 h) and at three doses (0 nM, low dose, and high dose) (Monks et al., 2018). The low and high doses used varied depending on each drug. For these data, box plots were generated to compare time- and dose-dependent gene expression. Groups were divided based on time points or doses, and box plots were used to display fold changes between time points (4 h vs 2 h and 24 h vs 2 h) or between doses (low dose vs 0 nM and high dose vs 0 nM), respectively, not raw gene expression.
Scatter plot analysis
Scatter plots were used to display relationships between two numeric variables, and the strength and direction of the linear relationships were assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient in Q-omics.
Q-omics implementation
Q-omics was implemented in Python 3, and MySQL was used for the smart search.
Q-omics software runs on the user's computer, providing a graphical interface and computational/visualization modules together with its own local database (Fig. 2A). To assist in user data mining, Q-omics interacts with a server-side knowledge base and retrieves relevant information for analysis. The knowledge base harbors billions of precalculated, significantly associated data pairs with related information such as sample filters and calculation options. Smart algorithms in the knowledge base promptly select data pairs and information that is relevant to the user's query and then returns it to Q-omics.
As described in Fig. 1, users can start data mining with one query (i.e., gene expression, mutations, drugs, or sh/sgRNAs). The front page of Q-omics provides a graphical interface for selecting the analysis type, query and sample type (Fig. 2B). Basically, all analyses are separated into those with patient samples and those with cell lines. Available analyses with patient samples are as follows: (1) survival analyses (Kaplan–Meier plots) according to gene expression and mutations, (2) differential gene expression analyses between normal and cancer cells, and (3) scatter/box plots analyses of gene expression and/or mutation pairs. Available analyses with cell lines are as follows: (1) cross-association analyses between any pair of datasets according to gene expression, mutations, shRNA screening data, sgRNA screening data and drug screening data, (2) change (induction) analyses of gene expression before/after drug treatments, and (3) scatter/box plot analyses of pairs according to gene expression, mutations, shRNAs, sgRNAs and drugs. The menu "Quick start examples" is used to demonstrate graphical outputs and smart functions of the software using the preselected analysis type and user-selected queries. In all analyses, the resulting graphs and data can be saved for further usage.
Fig. 3A demonstrates the survival analysis module of the software. A Kaplan–Meier plot of BRCA patient data was generated by using user-selected options: CD24 gene expression with TP53 mutations. The graphical panel provides detailed information on selected samples and further filtering options such as sex and stage. Together with the panel of Kaplan–Meier plots, Q-omics software provides a panel of smart search results (Fig. 3B). This smart panel provides a list of genes that exhibit significant (P < 0.01) associations with the survival rate in combination with user-selected queries, i.e., CD24 gene expression. Users can select one of the genes in the list and see the Kaplan–Meier plot in the new panel. This is very useful for the quick discovery of gene expression changes or mutations that are associated with the queried gene (user's interest) in the patient survival analysis. This smart list is automatically generated from the server-side knowledge base by using information such as user-selected queries and lineages. The smart system in the server searches genes or mutations that are related (i.e., significantly associated) to the user's interests from the knowledge base and sends them to the Q-omics user interface. Algorithms in the smart system are improved and updated continuously with the increase in data in the knowledge base.
Fig. 4A shows the Q-omics output panel of a cross-association analysis between the user-selected drug, cisplatin, and 17,795 sgRNAs in lung cancer cell lines. The present example shows that the responses of 136 sgRNAs exhibit a positive association (P < 0.05) with the cisplatin response (red circle in Fig. 4A), while 179 sgRNAs exhibit a negative association (blue circle in Fig. 4A) with the cisplatin response. A detailed list of hit sgRNAs is displayed on the right side of the panel. Hit selection can be optimized by changing the p-value cutoff or sample separation option (i.e., median or quartile). Specific association patterns between hit sgRNAs and cisplatin can be displayed as box plots or scatter plots (Figs. 4B and 4C).
The predictivity and descriptivity measures from the cross-association calculation were reported to be useful for the systematic evaluation of targets and biomarkers from multiomics data (Jeong et al., 2020). Q-omics software provides a simple and easy interface for calculating and analyzing the cross-association between any data pair, such as gene expression, mutations, sh/sgRNA screening data and drug screening data, from diverse resources. Q-omics also provides smart search results related to the user's query in the cross-association analysis. The software retrieves diverse association patterns with statistical significance to the user's query from the knowledge base and assists users in the optimal selection of data pairs and visualization.
In summary, Q-omics is an innovative software program that enables users to carry out data mining and customized visualization without computational skills. The smart system of the software assists in the identification of new data pairs related to/associated with the user's interests in real time. This software takes advantage of stand-alone software and web-based applications. Several discovery projects using this software are ongoing, and the results will be published in the near future.
This work was financially supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (KRF), including the Science Research Center Program (NRF-2016R1A5A1011974), and the Mid-career Researcher Program (NRF-2017R1A2B 2007745 and NRF-2018R1A2B6009313), funded by the Korean government (MEST).
S.Y. contributed to the overall study design. J.L., S.J.(Seonghee Jin), H.Y., S.J.(Sumin Jeong), E.J., and S.Y. conceived and implemented the software. J.L., Y.K., E.J., and S.Y. designed and implemented the database. J.L., Y.K., E.J., and S.Y. wrote manuscript.
Fig. 1. Overview of data integration in Q-omics software. Public datasets from the TCGA, GDSC, CCLE, NCI and DepMap were integrated for the cross-association analysis (blue arrow) of between any two datasets.
Fig. 2. Software workflow and user interface. (A) The workflow of functional modules and databases between the local software and server-side knowledge base in Q-omics. (B) Main interface of Q-omics software. Search options are separated into "Browse smart data" and "Query-oriented analysis". "Ouick start examples" are comprehensive options for first-time users. Knowledge-based smart search is enabled for all of the search options.
Fig. 3. Graphical interface of patient survival analysis and related smart search results. (A) The panel of survival analyses included Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots, sample group information and advanced options for plotting. (B) The panel of gene lists retrieved by the smart algorithm from the server-side knowledge base. In this example, the list shows genes that are significantly (P < 0.01) associated with the user's query in the KM plot.
Fig. 4. Graphical interface of cross-association analysis between datasets using cell lines. (A) The panel of cross-associations displaying the predictivity and descriptivity scores of all data points. The list on the right side shows hits with significant P values. (B and C) Box plot and scatter plot of a selected hit from the cross-association panel. Box plots and scatter plots are also available for patient sample analyses.
Numbers of data points integrated into Q-omics software
No. of lineages
No. of cell lines/No. of samples
No. of genes/No. of drugs
Gene expression 20 1,061 19,137 RNA sequencing
sgRNA 20 741 18,110 CRISPR
shRNA 20 587 16,800 RNAi shRNA
Drug response 20 1,001 397 Drug response
Mutation 20 1,281 18,731 Exome sequencing
Drug-induced gene expression 13 60 12,305/15 DNA microarray
Tumor gene expression 33 9,951 38,311 RNA sequencing
Paired normal vs. cancer: gene expression 18 679 38,311 RNA sequencing
Immune 33 8,954 64 (cell types) Cell type enrichment score
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Published online November 30, 2021 https://doi.org/10.14348/molcells.2021.0169
Correspondence to:yoonsj@sookmyung.ac.kr
Keywords: biomarker, cancer bioinformatics, immune infiltrate, Kaplan-Meier plot, omics data mining, smart software
Fig. 1.Overview of data integration in Q-omics software. Public datasets from the TCGA, GDSC, CCLE, NCI and DepMap were integrated for the cross-association analysis (blue arrow) of between any two datasets.
Fig. 2.Software workflow and user interface. (A) The workflow of functional modules and databases between the local software and server-side knowledge base in Q-omics. (B) Main interface of Q-omics software. Search options are separated into "Browse smart data" and "Query-oriented analysis". "Ouick start examples" are comprehensive options for first-time users. Knowledge-based smart search is enabled for all of the search options.
Fig. 3.Graphical interface of patient survival analysis and related smart search results. (A) The panel of survival analyses included Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots, sample group information and advanced options for plotting. (B) The panel of gene lists retrieved by the smart algorithm from the server-side knowledge base. In this example, the list shows genes that are significantly (P < 0.01) associated with the user's query in the KM plot.
Fig. 4.Graphical interface of cross-association analysis between datasets using cell lines. (A) The panel of cross-associations displaying the predictivity and descriptivity scores of all data points. The list on the right side shows hits with significant P values. (B and C) Box plot and scatter plot of a selected hit from the cross-association panel. Box plots and scatter plots are also available for patient sample analyses.
Figure 1.Overview of data integration in Q-omics software. Public datasets from the TCGA, GDSC, CCLE, NCI and DepMap were integrated for the cross-association analysis (blue arrow) of between any two datasets.
Figure 2.Software workflow and user interface. (A) The workflow of functional modules and databases between the local software and server-side knowledge base in Q-omics. (B) Main interface of Q-omics software. Search options are separated into "Browse smart data" and "Query-oriented analysis". "Ouick start examples" are comprehensive options for first-time users. Knowledge-based smart search is enabled for all of the search options.
Figure 3.Graphical interface of patient survival analysis and related smart search results. (A) The panel of survival analyses included Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots, sample group information and advanced options for plotting. (B) The panel of gene lists retrieved by the smart algorithm from the server-side knowledge base. In this example, the list shows genes that are significantly (P < 0.01) associated with the user's query in the KM plot.
Figure 4.Graphical interface of cross-association analysis between datasets using cell lines. (A) The panel of cross-associations displaying the predictivity and descriptivity scores of all data points. The list on the right side shows hits with significant P values. (B and C) Box plot and scatter plot of a selected hit from the cross-association panel. Box plots and scatter plots are also available for patient sample analyses.
. Numbers of data points integrated into Q-omics software.
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Combined Detection of Serum IL-10, IL-17, and CXCL10 Predicts Acute Rejection Following Adult Liver Transplantation
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Table 1Overview of data integration in Q-omics software. Public datasets from the TCGA, GDSC, CCLE, NCI and DepMap were integrated for the cross-association analysis (blue arrow) of between any two datasets.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Software workflow and user interface. (A) The workflow of functional modules and databases between the local software and server-side knowledge base in Q-omics. (B) Main interface of Q-omics software. Search options are separated into "Browse smart data" and "Query-oriented analysis". "Ouick start examples" are comprehensive options for first-time users. Knowledge-based smart search is enabled for all of the search options.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Graphical interface of patient survival analysis and related smart search results. (A) The panel of survival analyses included Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots, sample group information and advanced options for plotting. (B) The panel of gene lists retrieved by the smart algorithm from the server-side knowledge base. In this example, the list shows genes that are significantly (P < 0.01) associated with the user's query in the KM plot.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Graphical interface of cross-association analysis between datasets using cell lines. (A) The panel of cross-associations displaying the predictivity and descriptivity scores of all data points. The list on the right side shows hits with significant P values. (B and C) Box plot and scatter plot of a selected hit from the cross-association panel. Box plots and scatter plots are also available for patient sample analyses.


In this post, my friend Gillan Scott proffers a detailed, well-researched analysis of the issues and governmental confusion. It is well worth reading to gain a fuller consideration of the matter to which I recently drew readers' attention (here).
This entry was posted in Christianity, News, Politics, UK and tagged Cameron, Free-speech, Government by Richard Barker. Bookmark the permalink.


All property owners within the City, who have sidewalks along the property line, shall keep such sidewalks in good repair and free from defects, snow, ice, water and other obstructions or dangerous conditions. If the sidewalks along the property line become defective, dangerous or obstructed in any way, the Safety-Service Director may issue a notice to the property owner to remove such defects, dangerous conditions or obstructions and properly grade the areas between the sidewalks and edge of the roadway so that water will drain from such sidewalks.
GENERAL SAFETY CONCERNS – any safety issue as reported to or determined by the City that could cause pedestrians to trip, cause a walking aid to get stuck or prevent a wheelchair from rolling smoothly that requires repair or replacement.
STEP SEPARATION – a vertical displacement greater than 3/4″ at any point on the walkway.
SURFACE SEPARATION – horizontal displacement greater than 1″ of the walking surface due to holes, rough spots, cracking, etc.
SETTLED AREAS – sidewalk areas with depressions, reverse cross-slopes or other indentations that cause the walking path to be lower than the curb or edge of roadway causing water, silt or other debris to settle on the walking path.
BUCKLED AREAS – sidewalks that are buckled, lifted, separated and/or cracked.
NON-PERMITTED SIDEWALK MATERIALS – concrete is the only permitted material for public sidewalks. Existing sidewalks constructed of sandstone may remain in place if in good condition and may be properly repaired or reset to bring into good condition.
A no-cost permit and a pre-pour inspection are required through the Building Department prior to the replacement of any public sidewalk concrete.
Isolation joints, a minimum of 1/2″ in thickness, shall be placed against existing concrete. Isolation joints in newly placed concrete shall be spaced no more than 50 feet apart.
Contraction/control joints, running transverse to the direction of the walking path, shall be placed at intervals no less than the width of the slab to a depth equal to one-fourth the depth of the concrete.
Expansion joint material, 1/2″ in thickness, shall be placed against existing concrete transitions.
All sidewalk sections shall be replaced to the same width of the existing sidewalk sections on either side of the replacement area.


text:
Franz Joseph Haydn: 6 Sonaten für Fürst Esterhazy, for Piano
Artist(s): Andrea Carcano
Composer(s): Franz Joseph Haydn
Period: Classical
Franz Joseph Haydn: 6 Sonaten für Fürst Esterhazy, for Piano quantity
Andrea Carcano
The case of Franz Joseph Haydn's keyboard Sonatas is rather atypical in the world of classical music. Their composer's standing among the greatest of all times is undisputable. And keyboard instruments have always and constantly enjoyed great popularity.
Notwithstanding this, only a few of these Sonatas have entered the standard concert repertoire, and the itinerary embracing them all is still an itinerary of discovery for many professional musicians. Indeed, matters are complicated by the disputed authenticity and nightmarish transmission history of many of them, especially as concerns Haydn's youthful works. Pirate copies circulated widely, and, seemingly, the composer was rather unconcerned by this – in fact, he admitted that seeing handwritten copies of his pieces in the music stores gave him pleasure, regardless of the fact that he received no percentage or remuneration for the fruit of his creativity. It is therefore particularly fortunate that, in 1774, Haydn decided to issue in printing a set of six Sonatas he had composed the year before. As is well known, Haydn spent nearly thirty years of his long life in the service of the noble family Esterházy; while this position gave him economic stability, an excellent orchestra and the possibility of creating numerous masterpieces in a favourable and artistically-minded environment, he had to accept a situation of subordination. It was not just a matter of wearing a livery (something that his younger colleague Mozart would not tolerate); his position as an employee imposed some unpleasant duties on him. As the soloist of this Da Vinci Classics album rightly states, "Only exceptionally Haydn was granted the permission to publish his works. His creations were in fact exclusively destined for the Esterházy court. However, Prince Nikolaus sometimes made exception to the rules, since he had understood Haydn's genius". It is unsurprising, then, that the Six Sonatas op. 13 are dedicated to his patron and employer: for Carcano, "this dedication is to be understood as a homage, constructed with the utmost gratitude and attention".
This set is exceptional under several viewpoints. Notwithstanding their opus number, they are the first published work by Haydn printed with the composer's authorization. Moreover, as Carcano points out, "On other occasions, albeit rarely, Haydn published sets of keyboard sonatas; however, this is the most organic and carefully designed cycle of all. Certainly none of the six Sonatas was added to a pre-existing group at a later date, and everyone was conceived in such a fashion that it was integrated with the other five. One is reminded of Prokofjev's project of creating a gigantic Sonata in eleven movements; this design was later modified originating the three 'War Sonatas'. It is not by chance, indeed, that Prokofjev felt a special predilection for Haydn".
Clearly, there is a wide stylistic chasm separating Haydn's classical style from Prokofjev's modern idiom, even though Prokofjev frequently alluded to classical topoi in his Neoclassical works. Obviously, some of the innumerable differences are determined by the extreme evolution in the keyboard technique and in the structure of keyboard instruments between the eighteenth and twentieth century. In 1773, when Haydn wrote his op. 13, fortepianos were already comparatively common, and several artists were experimenting with their potential for dynamic shading and expressive nuancing. One of them was Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, one of Johann Sebastian's sons, and the author of a famous treatise on the art of keyboard playing. Haydn had carefully studied Carl Philipp's works, both as concerns his theoretical writings and his compositional creations; indeed, being largely self-taught as a keyboard player, Haydn admitted the importance of Bach's Versuch for his development of a thorough concept of keyboard technique and performance practice. Being so indebted to Carl Philipp, Haydn would certainly have resented the words of a 1784 British review of one of these Sonatas, op. 13 no. 3 (Hob. XVI/23), which stated: "[Haydn] expressly composed [this work] in order to ridicule Bach of Hamburg". For the reviewer, "the style of Bach is closely copied, without the passages being stolen, in which his capricious manner, odd breaks, whimsical modulations, and very often childish manner, mixed with an affectation of profound science, are finely hit off and burlesqued". This was certainly not the composer's intention, and the allusions to Carl Philipp's style were conceived as homages rather than as caricatures. However, notwithstanding the undeniable presence of traits typical for the empfindsamer Stil championed by the "Bach of Hamburg", Haydn was careful to avoid extreme expressive indications. As Carcano suggests, "This being a work of 1773, Haydn had certainly conceived it for an unspecified keyboard instrument. The text is exceptionally devoid of indications; there are few articulation marks and just one dynamic sign, a f in the first movement of the second Sonata". At the time of their creation, preceding what Nikolaus Harnoncourt called "the 1800 watershed", composers were more interested in noting the "work" than its "performance"; the finer details of instrumental execution, which later musicians would entrust to notation, were still transmitted as part of a shared musical culture and education.
Haydn was building upon this heritage, and enriching it immensely with his own genius: this comprised his contributions to the evolution of the Sonata form, to the development of style and taste, but also to exquisitely instrumental aspects of keyboard technique. By his own admission, Haydn was not a keyboard virtuoso in the same class as Mozart or the young Beethoven: "I was no wizard on any instrument, but I knew the strength and working of all. I was not a bad keyboard player or singer, and could also play a concerto on the violin", as Haydn wrote to his friend, Georg Griesinger. We should not be misled by Haydn's characteristic understatements, however. As Carcano affirms, "Haydn was a more proficient pianist than one normally assumes. He demonstrates here a deep knowledge of the possibilities offered by the keyboard instruments. He achieved considerable balance in spite of the great variety and diversity of the musical ideas. Only rarely he employs accompaniment formulas in the style of the Alberti bass. When this happens (as in the slow movements of the third or fourth Sonata), the composer is very careful to give a complete dignity to the left hand in the musical discourse. Generally speaking, the musical movements of the inner parts ground his musical construction".
These Sonatas do indeed encompass a wide range of emotional situations, techniques, styles and moods, constituting a microcosm of their own. We may find, for example, codified forms such as the Minuet along with movements reminiscent of solemn marches, or Siciliano-style songs; there are brilliant and extremely quick virtuoso passages in demisemiquavers, but also deceivingly naïve moments; there are compositional experiments, such as the insertion of learned polyphony within the context of the normally lighter style galante (indeed, occasionally imitations are explicitly labelled as such, possibly in order to point out their uncommon presence); there are musical jokes, such as the Minuet of the A-major Sonata, which is called "Menuetto al Rovescio". This bizarre indication reveals this short movement as being a retrograde composition: both the Minuet proper and the Trio are made of two musical phrases, the second of which is coincident with the first, but played from the last to the first note. (In fact, this movement is a transcription of an earlier orchestral piece, the Minuet from Haydn's own Symphony no. 47).
Indeed, an orchestral concept is frequently discernible behind many of the compositional solutions adopted by Haydn: the great symphonist could not repress his timbral imagination when writing for the keyboard. One might even say that the most interesting and original keyboard solutions were found by Haydn precisely when he was attempting to transfer an orchestral sound on the piano – as happens, for example, with the numerous tremolos or repeated notes found in the first movement of the exquisite E-flat major Sonata, the only one of the series consisting of just two movements.
Several of the slow movements are intimate and lyrical at the same time; among the most beautiful is probably the D-minor Adagio from the D-major Sonata, with its almost pizzicato-like accompaniment and the sighing gestures of the melodic part. Haydn's typical humour is also frequently found, especially in the quick Finales, such as that of this same Sonata, or the extremely concise concluding movement of the A-major Sonata, which is almost a whirlwind of irony demonstrating the potential of the scales, the simplest elements of musical composition and performance technique.
Taken together, these Sonatas represent an extraordinary repository of musical feelings, ideas, emotions and styles, constituting a mosaic made of self-standing miniatures, in which the beauty of the parts builds the beauty of the whole.
Andrea Carcano, a pupil from Bruno Canino's piano school, has given concerts at prestigious halls in Italy (Teatro alla Scala, Milan, Auditorium Arvedi, Cremona, Parco della Musica, Rome – on invitation by Michele Campanella to the Maratone Liszt, etc.) and abroad. He recently performed at Weill Carnegie Hall, NY, as a soloist in a Concerto by Bach in 2018, Severance Hall, Cleveland, in one of his US tours, which took in the cities of Cincinnati, Baltimora, Houston; out of US he performed in Dubai (Art Theater), at several festivals in Switzerland, notably Longlake in Lugano, and for a collaboration with Cameristi della Scala at the El Jem amphitheatre, Tunisia. In 2019 he made his Russian debut, in Saint Petersburg.
He recorded for Bottega Discantica and Acam Recording, music by Bach, Beethoven, Liszt, Godowsky, Mendelssohn, Harsany, Françaix, and Bach transcriptions by Busoni (Goldberg Variations and others), Friedman, and Szanto. His in-depth work on contemporary authors like Feldman, Rihm, Benjamin, Larcher, is vigorous and crucial.
Andrea Carcano has played as a soloist for the performance of concertos by Šostakóvić (with OFVG), Cage (Orchestra Laboratorio di Alessandria), Mozart, Beethoven, Czerny (with ACAM), Françaix (with OFV).
He has been a tenured piano teacher since 1995, at Conservatories in Matera, Rovigo, Udine, Alessandria. He is a teacher at the "G.Verdi" Conservatory, Milan, since 2019.
Franz Joseph Haydn (b Rohrau, Lower Austria, 31 March 1732; d Vienna, 31 May 1809). Austrian composer, brother of Michael Haydn. Neither he nor his contemporaries used the name Franz, and there is no reason to do so today. He began his career in the traditional patronage system of the late Austrian Baroque, and ended as a 'free' artist within the burgeoning Romanticism of the early 19th century. Famous as early as the mid-1760s, by the 1780s he had become the most celebrated composer of his time, and from the 1790s until his death was a culture-hero throughout Europe. Since the early 19th century he has been venerated as the first of the three 'Viennese Classics' (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven). He excelled in every musical genre; during the first half of his career his vocal works were as famous as his instrumental ones, although after his death the reception of his music focussed on the latter (except for The Creation). He is familiarly known as the 'father of the symphony' and could with greater justice be thus regarded for the string quartet; no other composer approaches his combination of productivity, quality and historical importance in these genres. In the 20th century he was understood primarily as an 'absolute' musician (exhibiting wit, originality of form, motivic saturation and a 'modernist' tendency to problematize music rather than merely to compose it), but earnestness, depth of feeling and referential tendencies are equally important to his art.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


February 2019 Newsletter: CT's Complete Count Committee Announced, the Census is Hiring, Data Storytelling Rescheduled, and We Want Your Feedback!
Follow us on Twitter and Facebook for the latest CTData news and events!
The new year is always a great opportunity for a fresh start, so we decided it was time for a makeover. Check out the Connecticut Data Collaborative's new logo above!
Lieutenant Governor Susan Bysiewicz (center) announced Connecticut's Complete Count Committee at the State Capitol on Monday. Connecticut Data Collaborative's Michelle Riordan-Nold (directly left of Bysiewicz) will participate in the committee.
We have some exciting news: Connecticut's Lieutenant Governor Susan Bysiewicz has formed a Complete Count Committee for the state, and Connecticut Data Collaborative's Executive Director Michelle Riordan-Nold will serve as a member!
Lt. Governor Bysiewicz made the announcement on Monday at the State Capitol. She will chair the committee and has selected Secretary of the State Denise Merrill, State Representative Christopher Rosario of Bridgeport, and State Representative Pat Wilson Pheanious of Ashford as co-chairs.
Why become a census taker? Census data affects the flow of around eight billion federal dollars into our state. The more accurate the count, the better chance that important programs like Medicaid, special education, and the Children's Health Insurance Program will be sufficiently funded to meet the needs of our residents. Census data also determines our representation in Congress and serves as the foundation for decisions made by businesses, local governments, nonprofits, human services providers, and residents.
Pictured above is our assistant director, Rachel Leventhal-Weiner, who will be leading our rescheduled Data Storytelling workshops on 2/8 and 2/12. Rachel will share what she's learned from Tapestry, a conference dedicated to digital data storytelling, as well as her own strategies. There are still spots left in both sessions!
February 8th and February 12th: Data Storytelling rescheduled in Hartford, 10:00 am-12:00 pm. Fee is $25. In this workshop, we bring together best practices in data reporting and data visualization, as we guide participants through several exercises to learn how to create effective data stories. Participants will benefit most if they have engaged with our introductory workshop, Data Basics. We ask that participants bring their own laptops to be able to practice and engage in some of the activities.
How Can We Improve Our Services for You?
Did you participate in any of our workshops or calls in 2018?
If so, we'd like to hear your feedback and suggestions, what you found helpful, and what ideas you'd have to make our events more useful. Please take 5-10 minutes and complete this survey to share your perspective with us!
February just started, but we already have a head start on updating datasets! See below for a list of what we've added.
Copyright © 2019 CT Data Collaborative, All rights reserved.


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Home | Commodities | Trash? Try Treasure: Landfill Mining Seems Viable
Trash? Try Treasure: Landfill Mining Seems Viable
by Lisa Reisman on October 22, 2008
Commodities, Green
Robots like the fictional WALL-E could someday uncover lost treasure.
True or false: U.S. landfills could provide enough steel to equal four full years of American steel production. The surprising answer? True. Already consuming approximately 100 million metric tons of scrap steel each year, the U.S. steel industry recognizes that landfill mining is estimated to uncover more than 400 million metric tons of steel. Further, some experts estimate that there's more aluminum in landfills than the concentrations in iron ore, and trashed computers could provide more gold, copper and mercury. Landfills, it seems, are evolving into gold mines.
In a recent article, Sarah Barmak notes the benefits that come from landfill mining. An environmentally friendly practice, "mining" a landfill stops groundwater contamination before it starts, and prevents methane production. Although some studies concerning landfill mining took a break when metals and commodities prices fell, the scarcity of certain resources now makes it a viable opportunity. The United Nations recognizes landfill mining as a clean development project, and several countries have attempted mining their own landfills.
Earlier this month, Faversham House Group (FHG) ran a piece about landfills resurrecting Britain's mining industry, alerting readers to the negative aspects associated with landfill mining. Although some consider the practice downright eco-friendly, the fact remains that "it's an extremely corrosive atmosphere," freelance waste consultant Peter Jones warns. "[When you open these things up] you will certainly discover that it's pretty awful in terms of decomposition."
The harm, then, comes from a "corrosive soup" that will eat away at many metals before their resurrection. One idea from MetalMiner: Maybe we should separate and recycle waste earlier in the process, before items hit a landfill, rather than waiting for this appetizing soup.
For a more exciting mental vision, imagine this science fiction scene from the FHG article: "An air-tight dome with teams of robots working alongside people in space suits as they sift through the corrosive waste of past generations, looking for scraps of plastic and nuggets of precious metals."
Reminiscent of WALL-E, these images could easily represent the future in mining, particularly as concerns over certain "peak" commodities rise. However, the cost to mine a landfill in England still doesn't break even with the resulting cash flow. In addition, the landscape poses a dilemma, and people living near former landfill areas won't appreciate landfill mining. Who wants to look out the window and admire the local waste? But the process is looking more practical, and even FHG notes the possibilities: "Existing drivers are already making the prospect more and more attractive as time passes. Rising landfill gate fees, growing incentives to find low-carbon fuel and pressures on existing resources are all tipping the scales towards landfill mining."
{1 comment }
dan lee says:
Landfill Mining makes complete sense to me. "If there is a Will there is a Way" and technology is the answer.
For the sake of our planet, let's get started!
Metals Prices and When to Buy
Big Bellwether Company Doubts Recession!


80264 Free images about BUILDING. Need a BUILDING image or photo? Find the best free stock images about BUILDING. Download all BUILDING images and use them even for commercial projects. No attribution required.


The best car seat brands, including the most popular, inexpensive, safe and reliable brands for babies, toddlers, newborns, and kids. This list answers the question, 'What are the best car seat brands?' Top car seat brands are available online and in traditional brick and mortar stores, allowing parents and caretakers to select the best options for their children and to select the highest quality car seat brands for their kids themselves, giving them the crucial input on what products are right for a child. The goal of this page is to provide a comprehensive list of all major car seat brands, making shopping and comparison fast and easy.
Purchasing the car seat brand that is the best fit for children is critical. It's a matter of comfort and safety: car seats that are too big or too small can cause discomfort for a baby, toddler, or small child- not to mention a safety hazard in certain circumstances- and we all want the best for children, even if it's something as small as the right choice of car seat brands. Over time, car seats do wear out, so it's important to replace a child's car seat regularly as it becomes used to avoid injury and accidents.
Prices for car seat brands vary, depending on the materials used and the durability of the products, but the makers of the best car seat brand have what's best for babies and kids in mind, just like parents do. Makers of car seats often tailor make their products to be the best for children and babies, and this best-rated brands for babies list will let you know which of these car seat brands for kids really rate high for parent satisfaction.
Many parents have a favorite brand of car seat and this list includes all the most well-known, recognizable, safe car seat brands available on the market today. Each claims to offer the most trusted car seats on the market, but this is what parents recommend, based on voting for the top kids' car seat brands available today.


Almost all of us have benefitted from the dedicated expertise offered the Lunenfeld's Computer Support Team. Together, the team responds promptly to approximately 30 requests daily, and their office is a virtual flurry of activity to support the Lunenfeld's 8th, 9th and 10th floors at 600 University Avenue, as well as the labs at 60 Murray/25 Orde Street and the data centre at 200 Elm Street.
At the front lines are Tony Jovanovski and Maria Minakakis, System Administrators who have been a team since the get-go, having both started at the Lunenfeld on the same day 10 years ago.
Maria offers software support and training for packages such as MS Office and Photoshop, conducts installations and handles user accounts, and is also embarking to virtualize some of the servers (i.e., in which one server can act as many to save energy and time).
Lawrence (Larry) Ng began as a summer student in 1992 and remembers the early days. "Back then, the Internet was still just a distraction for most people. Actually, that probably hasn't changed!" says Larry, who overlaps in duties with the rest of the team but mostly handles special servers and computers on specialized equipment. "The scientists here were just getting their first email addresses, and grants were submitted only through multiple hard copies.
"Nowadays, our biggest threat is loss of confidential data, and the hackers or viruses that hit the firewalls every minute," says Larry, noting that their antispam systems block over 13,000 spam daily, and adds that the Institute distributes over 3,000 emails daily. "It's amazing how we're extremely interconnected with the outside world," says Larry.
Naveed Mohammad, the High Performance Computing Administrator, has a background in bioinformatics and proteomics and has been managing High Performance Computers for about 10 years. Currently, the Institute is in the process of acquiring over 1,000 computer cores, which are 'clustered' together to form a supercomputer, with applications including mass spectrometry data, statistical modeling and de-convolution microscopy.
"High Performance Computing is essential to research. Without it, answers to complex biological problems would take much longer to achieve," says Naveed.
Things have changed significantly since he started back in 1995. "If you think about it in terms of the storage offered by one DVD, we have about 32,000 DVDs worth of storage now, compared to only five DVDs in 1995," says Jim.
Tony, Maria, Jim, Naveed and Larry—we thank you!


The family of a black Arkansas inmate who died while being subdued by correction officers has filed a lawsuit claiming he had his civil rights violated.
"I can't breathe," Michael Sabbie said repeatedly before his death on July 22, 2015.
His family filed a federal lawsuit in Bowie County, Texas, on Wednesday against the city of Texarkana, Ark., the Southwestern Correctional LLC, which does business with La Salle, and Bowie County.
Sabbie's family has been shaken by how he died and said they are suing in hopes to get justice and accountability. His widow, Teresa Sabbie, told NBC News in a statement she was "sickened" the father of four didn't get further help prior to his death.
"The senselessness of his death has affected me deeply. It was totally preventable. It sickens me to know he needed to go to the hospital and was denied. They treated him as if his life did not matter," Teresa Sabbie said in the statement.
Sabbie can be seen on video struggling with a group of officers before shouting "I can't breathe" nearly two dozen times in July 2015. He was thrown to the ground before being piled on by five corrections officers and pepper-sprayed the night before he died.
In the family's complaint filed Wednesday, they allege a series of failures inside the jail forced Sabbie "to endure extreme and needless pain and suffering."
"The medical neglect in this case went way beyond negligence," Heipt told NBC. "It's a textbook example of deliberate indifference."
The family's attorney, Erik Heipt, told the Huffington Post in October 2016 that Sabbie said he couldn't breathe 19 times in the nine minute video.
"If you just looked at the cause of death, you would think that Michael died of some sort of hypertensive heart condition, and that may be true," Heipt said. "But if we didn't have a video, we'd never know that he had been begging for help due to his shortness of breath and inability to breathe."
No criminal or federal charges were brought forward in relation to Sabbie's death in the jail.


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Home Finance Teen suicide prevention group gets $100K grant from Provident Bank Foundation
Teen suicide prevention group gets $100K grant from Provident Bank Foundation
The Provident Bank Foundation has awarded a $100,000 Signature Grant to the Society for the Prevention of Teen Suicide in partnership with Atlantic Behavioral Health.
The 2020 grant recognizes Freehold-based SPTS in the Health, Youth & Families funding priority area, the Morristown-based foundation said in a news release Wednesday.
The organization is dedicated to increasing awareness, saving lives and reducing the stigma of suicide through specialized training programs and resources that empower teens, parents and educators, the release said.
"As the stigma of suicide and mental health begins to decrease, the likelihood of individuals reaching for help will increase; however, SPTS acknowledges a concerning gap in the mental health system — that many professionals do not feel they have had adequate training in suicide assessment or management," Susan Tellone, clinical director for SPTS, said in a prepared statement. "This grant will help our efforts to enhance the capabilities of local hospital staff and mental health professionals to treat adolescents experiencing a mental health crisis."
This particular grant will support a collaborative project between SPTS and Atlantic Behavioral Health to develop and implement a training program for clinicians who see adolescents to increase competence and confidence in treating those with suicidal thoughts.
SPTS' programming takes place across Atlantic Health hospitals in Morristown, Summit, Newton, Pompton Plains and Hackettstown.
"We are pleased to support the Society for the Prevention of Teen Suicide as they make a big impact in the lives of teens and their families," Samantha Plotino, executive director of the Provident Bank Foundation, said in a statement. "Through community awareness and education, this organization is developing high-quality, evidence-based programming that is accessible to those who need it in our communities."
The foundation said no suicide prevention training program for adolescent clinicians currently exists in New Jersey.
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Q: Maven enforcer doesn't detect jdk 1.7 I am using maven enforcer plugin to enforce only jdk 1.7 (I am using java.nio.file).
For some reason, maven enforcer plugin can't detect jdk 1.7.
λ ~/ java -version
java version "1.7.0_13"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_13-b20)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.7-b01, mixed mode)
λ ~/ javac -version
javac 1.7.0_13
λ ~/ mvn --version
Apache Maven 3.0.5 (r01de14724cdef164cd33c7c8c2fe155faf9602da; 2013-02-19 15:51:28+0200)
Maven home: /usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.0.5/libexec
Java version: 1.7.0_13, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_13.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.7.5", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"

This is the code I have in my pom.xml -
   <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
      <executions>
        <execution>
          <id>enforce-versions</id>
          <goals>
            <goal>enforce</goal>
          </goals>
          <configuration>
            <rules>
              <requireJavaVersion>
                <version>1.7</version>
              </requireJavaVersion>
            </rules>
          </configuration>
        </execution>
      </executions>
    </plugin>

And this is the error I get -
[INFO] --- maven-enforcer-plugin:1.2:enforce (enforce-versions) @ com.microsoft.gittf.core ---
[WARNING] Rule 0: org.apache.maven.plugins.enforcer.RequireJavaVersion failed with message:
Detected JDK Version: 1.6.0-43 is not in the allowed range 1.7.

EDIT

mvn enforcer:display-info

shows version 1.7 and not 1.6... why the enforce detects java version 1.6?

A: The version decleration is fixed. What you gave is a exact version of java. Always remember if  we are not sure about exact version we should use give the range. Change the version to [1.7,)
          <requireJavaVersion>
            <version>[1.7,)</version>
          </requireJavaVersion>

This means any version equal or greater than 1.7 is acceptable.

A: Add the following (or create this file if it is missing) ~/.mavenrc
export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/{your-jdk-here}/Contents/Home

The .mavenrc is only picked up by maven so other Java programs won't be affected by this change.

A: You don't say what OS you're running under but the command "java ...." will find the first executable file called java (or java.exe on windows) on the path, this may or may not be the one that you want to use with Maven.
There is a system under linux called "alternatives" that maps a specific installation of java to a location that is almost certain (unless you mess with your path) to be first on your path.  The purpose of this system is to allow you to keep many versions of programs such as java on your system, and have one be the default you will use unless you specify something different.
However this has nothing to do with Maven, which requires a JDK installation to run correctly.  There are many executables in a java JDK installation that maven relies on, the javac compiler, the jar executable for building jars, just to name the most obvious ones.  Using the alternatives system you would have to map alternatives for each of these and you might easily miss a few.  That is why Maven relies instead on the JAVA_HOME variable.
On a linux system one handy place to set the JAVA_HOME variable is the file ~/.mavenrc.  Maven reads this file if it exists.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Our Healthy Lunch Program
Morah Chana Gopin
A native of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Morah Chana is a graduate of the Beth Chana Teacher's Institute in Safed, Israel. She has over two decades of experience teaching Judaism and Hebrew language to children, young professionals and adults. Chana is known for her out of the box and nurturing teaching style, allowing every child to develop at their own pace in a creative and stimulating environment.
Together with her husband, Rabbi Shmuel, they founded the Chabad at Midtown in 2003, lovingly inspiring and servicing the local Jewish community by offering a wide array of programs celebrating Judaism with joy & pride. Chana has been leading Mommy & Me, enrichment classes for children, women's Rosh Chodesh club, producing Shabbat and holiday gatherings and mentoring community members as they prepare for married life, parenting, and other monumental lifecycle events.
Chana strongly believes that the child's early years are the foundational years in life, when independence and creativity are fostered, enabling him to acquire the confidence and tools to become a successful adult in an ever changing world.
Chana is the proud mom of nine, raising her family with the love she strives to give to every child under her care.
Monica Auslander Moreno
Nutritional Consultant
Monica Auslander Moreno, MS, RDN is the founder of Essence Nutrition, a group practice of seven registered dietitians, and oversees all of Essence's client work and wellness programming. Monica created and oversees our preschool lunch & snacks menu, and has established positive meal practices at our program.
Monica has a passion for setting up the next generation for success, fostering healthy and balanced eating habits and positive body image and relationship with food. She delivered hundreds of nutrition presentations over her career, and has been featured in various print and media publications.
Morah Rivka Salazar
Two's & Three's Morah
Born and raised in Miami, Rivka who comes from a loving family of six, has always enjoyed being around young children. Morah Rivka has been a preschool teacher for the last seven years. It's her love and passion to provide a safe environment where children can be encouraged to discover and learn through play.
An artist and a dedicated yoga practitioner as well, Morah Rivka incorporates these practices in her classroom, as well as her formal training in both Reggio Emilia and Developmentally Appropriate Practices. She is a strong advocate of the Reggio approach, as it allows children to be the leaders in their learning, and their teachers, the scaffolders expanding the learning experience. This, she feels impacts education in a huge way, building connection, confidence, and skill.
Morah Mariana
Morah Mariana has 25 years of experience working with children, both in Venezuela where she earned her Special Education and Early Childhood Degrees and in Miami where she relocated to four years ago.
Morah Mariana has a deep love and passion for working with children, observing their interests, personalities, and discovering the universe together through play, music and movement and fun activities. In her free time she enjoys the beach and spending time with friends and family.
Chana@midtownjewish.org
305.573.9995 Ext 3
Midtown Jewish Preschool © 2023 All Rights Reserved


text:
Library, Archives & Media Center > Summer Reading > Whip Smart by Melissa Febos
Whip Smart by Melissa Febos
June 8, 2010 by Melissa Rushing
The author of this memoir holds MFA from Sarah Lawrence University and teaches at SUNY Purchase. She also worked for four years as a professional dominatrix in New York City and was a heroine addict while earning a degree from the The New School University.
This fascinating memoir is challenging to read and definitely not for everyone. But the story was not written simply to shock. The author has interesting and provocative insights about the men she saw in her work and whose fantasies usually consisted of them role-playing as women. And she confronts her own fantasies and obsessions. As is often the case, the clients in the "dungeon" are mostly middle and upper middle class men, and the other "dommes" are educated women.
The story of how the author gets off drugs and finally leaves sex work (a line of work where the women rarely take off their clothes or have sex) is mostly a story of Febos learning about her own struggles with the need to control. She has written recently for the Chronicle of Higher Education and was a guest on NPR's "Fresh Air" in March.
As noted above, this book is not for everyone. It is explicit in parts, and deals with the work of a dominatrix and of drug addiction in gritty detail. It was a risky, and honest, book to write as Febos begins her academic career.
Availability: USMAI
Review Submitted by: Celia Rabinowitz
Rating: Recommended


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Niklas Graf von Salm (genealogisch Nikolaus II. zu Salm); als regierender Graf von Neuburg auch Nikolaus I. von Salm-Neuburg, mitunter auch als Niklas Graf Salm der Ältere bezeichnet (* 1459 in Niedersalm in den Ardennen, Belgien; † 4. Mai 1530 auf dem Gut Salmhof, Gemeinde Marchegg, Niederösterreich), war ein Feldherr der Renaissance. Sein wichtigster Erfolg war die Verteidigung der kaiserlichen Hauptstadt Wien gegen die türkische Belagerung von 1529.

Leben

Niklas von Salm stammte aus der Luxemburger Linie des Hauses Salm und war der jüngere Sohn des Johann IV. Graf zu Salm, Baron von Viviers (1431–1485) und dessen Gemahlin Margarete von Sierck (1437–1520).

Als 17-Jähriger nahm Niklas Graf Salm 1476 an der Schlacht bei Murten gegen Karl den Kühnen von Burgund teil. 1488 war er an den Kämpfen in Flandern beteiligt und wurde drei Jahre später zum obersten kaiserlichen Feldhauptmann ernannt.

Im Jahre 1509 kämpfte er unter Georg von Frundsberg in Italien. Es gelang ihm die Eroberung von Istrien. In der Schlacht bei Pavia 1525 war Niklas Graf Salm an der Gefangennahme von König Franz I. von Frankreich beteiligt, schlug ein Jahr später, 1526, im Bauernkrieg in Tirol den Aufstand der Bauern nieder und eroberte dabei Schladming.

Er war einer der Befehlshaber zu Beginn des Ersten österreichischen Türkenkrieges. 1529 organisierte er bei der ersten Wiener Türkenbelagerung die erfolgreiche Verteidigung der Stadt, wofür er im gleichen Jahr mit der reichsunmittelbaren Grafschaft Neuburg belehnt wurde. Die Folgen einer bei der Verteidigung der Stadt erlittenen Verletzung durch einen herabfallenden Stein, aber auch die Strapazen, die er während seiner langen Soldatenlaufbahn durchgemacht hatte, führten schließlich 1530 zu seinem Tod.

Verheiratet war Niklas Graf Salm mit Elisabeth von Rogendorf, mit der er vier Söhne und vier Töchter hatte. Seine Nachkommen bildeten bis zu ihrem Erlöschen der Familie im Mannesstamm 1784 die Seitenlinie Salm-Neuburg des Hauses Salm. Sein älterer überlebender Sohn, Nikolaus III. (1503–1550), folgte ihm als Graf von Salm und Inhaber von Neuburg nach, sein jüngerer überlebender Sohn, Wolfgang, wurde Fürstbischof von Passau. Seine Urgroßnichte Christine von Salm wurde Ahnherrin des Kaiserhauses Habsburg-Lothringen.

Sein Großneffe, Graf Anton von Salm, rettete als letzter Abt von Kloster Hornbach die Reliquien des Heiligen Pirminius vor dem Zugriff des der Reformation anhängenden Landesherrn und wirkte 1556/57 als Präsident des Reichskammergerichts zu Speyer.

Ehrungen und Rezeption

Durch die kaiserliche Entschließung von Franz Joseph I. vom 28. Februar 1863 wurde Niklas Graf Salm in die Liste der "berühmtesten, zur immerwährenden Nacheiferung würdiger Kriegsfürsten und Feldherren Österreichs" aufgenommen, zu deren Ehren und Andenken auch lebensgroße Statuen in der Feldherrenhalle des damals neu errichteten k.k. Hofwaffenmuseums (heute: Heeresgeschichtliches Museum Wien) errichtet wurden. Die Statue für Graf Salm wurde 1871 vom Bildhauer Franz Erler (1829–1911) aus Carrara-Marmor geschaffen, gewidmet wurde sie von Altgraf Salm-Reifferscheid.

Sein Grabmal, vom Bildhauer Loy Hering geschaffen, befindet sich als Leihgabe der Fürsten und Altgrafen zu Salm-Reifferscheidt in der Wiener Votivkirche. Es stand ursprünglich in der Dorotheerkirche und von 1790 bis 1879 auf der Pappelinsel des Mühlteiches in Raitz.

Im Jahr 1862 wurde in Wien-Landstraße (3. Bezirk) die Salmgasse nach ihm benannt.

Salm ist eine der zentralen Figuren in Wolfgang Hohlbeins Roman Die Wiederkehr.

Zum Gedenken wählte der Ausmusterungsjahrgang 2006 der Theresianischen Militärakademie in Wiener Neustadt den Namen "Jahrgang Graf Salm".

Literatur

Weblinks

 Jahrgang Graf Salm der Theresianischen Militärakademie in Wiener Neustadt

Einzelnachweise

Niklas #Salm
Militärperson (HRR)
Landsknecht (Person)
Niklas
Geboren 1459
Gestorben 1530
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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nation state
Interest of
Mark Huband, Stefan Kirchner
Arab League, Organisation of African Unity
•Somalia/President
Somalia was on a list of seven countries which retired 4-star general Wesley Clark (former supreme commander of NATO forces in Europe 1997-2001) stated the US military had plans to invade:
In 2001, in the Pentagon, a general told me : 'I just received a classified memo from the Secretary of Defense: we will take seven countries in five years, starting with Iraq, then Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and finally, Iran.'[1]
1 Drone Strikes
2 Related Quotation
3 Ambassadors to Somalia
4 Related Document
Drone Strikes
The Trump administration conducted its first drone attack in Somalia, on November 9, 2017.[2]
Related Quotation
Wesley Clark "In 2001, in the Pentagon, a general told me : 'I just received a classified memo from the Secretary of Defense: we will take seven countries in five years, starting with Iraq, then Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and finally, Iran.'" Wesley Clark 2 March 2007
Ambassadors to Somalia
Ambassador to Somalia
UK/Ambassador to Somalia
US/Ambassador to Somalia 5 July 1960
Related Document
Document:Somalia - Famine for Profit webpage 13 August 2011 Nile Bowie
↑ Interview radio Democracy Now, 2007-03-02
↑ https://whowhatwhy.org/2017/11/21/trump-drone-war/
Retrieved from "https://wikispooks.com/w/index.php?title=Somalia&oldid=134390"


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Clubhouse is the New Viral Outlet for Brands
With Brand Clubs Launching Soon - Opportunity is Now!
Home BusinessClubhouse is the New Viral Outlet for Brands
It all started innocently enough, with one of The Shark Daymond John's club rooms, "Patti Stanger & Sharks on what wealthy men want in a wife." Just your typical Tuesday night on Clubhouse. It seems nearly every day, something magical or game-changing happens on Clubhouse. Tonight, it was Daymond's obsession with Golden Corral Buffet. What started out as a joke about date night ended up being a huge celebrity brand endorsement.
Golden Corral's Newfound Fame on Clubhouse
For those unfamiliar with the family-style buffet, Golden Corral® restaurant opened its first restaurant in Fayetteville, North Carolina in 1973, with a brand promise of "offering guests real, wholesome foods in a family-friendly atmosphere and at a great value." Nearly 46 years later, Golden Corral® is hailed as America's #1 buffet and grill. A quick google image search shows why. Back to tonight's marketing "aha" moment…Throughout the nearly 3-hour chat, Golden Corral was mentioned more than two dozen times, sparking many in the audience to google the brand, and look up the food. One moderator changed their profile picture to a mouth-watering display of the buffet. Despite gross sales of $1.53 Billion according to Wikipedia, Golden Corral is only 500 restaurants nationwide and likely isn't in a position to offer a celebrity $25 Million for an endorsement. For the caliber of Daymond John, the amount of adoration generated, and viral memes created, that is the value they got.
The Value of Celebrity Endorsement
As a brand, being able to ride celebrity coattails to viral visibility is often a no-brainer when calculating ROI. One of the most memorable brand endorsement deals was when Nike wanted to move out of sponsoring primarily tennis and track and signed on Michael Jordan. Jordan was already iconic at the time, but the combination of Jordan and Nike resulted in the global adoption of the phrase, "Just Do It!" and spawned two subsidiaries to handle the Air Jordan brand. There is a potential downside, if you think back to "golden boy" Tiger Woods, the "titan of the tee," who had loyal fans and billions of dollars worth of lucrative endorsement deals until rumors of infidelity instantly knocked him off his pedestal and brands fled. Despite Coronavirus slashing influencer pay 50%, it's still a $10B industry, with $1.6B spent on Instagram campaigns alone. A quick peek at celebrity Instagram-sponsored posts shows that Beyonce earns $1M per post.
There is No Controlling the Narrative
Brands have trademark rights in order to control the narrative and brand value, but what happens when a celebrity says something unscripted? On Feb 4, Elon Musk broke the internet on Clubhouse in a meandering 2-hour campfire-side chat covering everything from colonizing Mars, to neural implants, to crypto, and posited a what if… What if Dogecoin, which originally started as an internet parody based on a viral dog meme to poke fun at ICOs which now has a near $7 Billion market cap, became the global currency? The token surged more than 50% and the world is watching.
The Opportunity for Clubhouse
Social media influencer Adryenn Ashley teases Daymon John about his obsession with Golden Corral on Instagram
With lockdowns and shelter-at-home restrictions in place for nearly a year now it's not surprising that Neilsen reports that media usage has seen a 60% increase. Clubhouse has experienced meteoric growth in the past 2 months, growing from a few thousand users to now (February 2021) more than 6 million registered users, with the balance of the more than 10 million downloads currently on the waitlist for a coveted invite. Clubhouses' value to brands comes from more than the speed of the user growth. The opportunity is in the "sticky factor" with many users mentioning in their reviews that they spend more than 40 hours per week on ClubHouse.The addiction to Clubhouse is understandable given the types of rooms available 24/7. From tactical lessons on marketing for blockchain to esoteric rooms on mindset and motivation, niche rooms on what it would take to colonize mars, to the vast array of entertainment rooms from professional business to the ever-popular Cotton Club, no matter the time, there are thousands of rooms to choose from. The Founders have confirmed they plan to keep the app restricted to real people and do not envision brands having accounts. However, that doesn't mean brands can't have clubs, host paid events, and create a presence on the app not yet even envisioned. Could we see a Red Bull room brainstorming new records to break while breaking the current record for the longest room? Or American Idol holding auditions? We've already seen multiple major events scouting talent on Clubhouse, what's next? No matter the size of the room, these intimate conversations with celebrities, where the audience clings to every word, are the most authentic method of brand endorsement. Is it better when it's unplanned like tonight's obsession with Golden Corral or will a clever marketer be able to replicate the fun, banter, and viral worthiness of an organic conversation? We shall see…
Tags: brand sponsorshipclubhouseDaymond Johngolden corralsocial influenceword of mouth marketing
With Daymond John at InfusionCon!
With Daymond John from ABC's Shark Tank, learning to follow[...]


My mind is like that annoying person I always seem to be stuck talking to at parties—it just won't take the hint and shut up. Thoughts often distract you from being present, especially when you're trying to meditate. Here are some of the most common thoughts people have when they're learning to meditate, and why it's OK to have them.
This is one of those "thinking about thinking" thoughts that is absolutely frustrating. Granted, it's a step in the right direction to be able to observe a thought like this, but this M.C. Escher-esque infinite loop of thinking about thoughts is enough to make you bang your head against the wall. This is your brain being self-critical. Try to just acknowledge the thought and go back to the breath or visualization exercise.
I've been practicing meditation for a little over a year, and in my first few months, I could not kick this thought. I wanted someone to come to my house and show me what I was doing wrong. I wanted to be perfect at it right away. But I realized that worrying about what I was doing wrong was just another way for my mind to distract me from the practice. Nice try, brain! When I stopped worrying about whether I was right or wrong, I was able to better focus on the meditating at hand.
I remember listening to a Headspace session that sums up why this wish is so misguided. It said that wanting to focus better while meditating is like trying super hard to fall asleep—it just doesn't work. While understanding this concept still makes me want to stomp my feet like a 3-year-old who was just denied a piece of candy, it's completely freeing to acknowledge this thought and let it go. I know that focus is something that I can't force, and that's OK.
Before I started meditating, my brain was constantly trying to predict the future or thinking about the past. With time, I've become better at focusing on the present moment, but I often find myself flashing backward or forward in time the second my eyes close during a meditation session. It makes sense—when I give my constantly-stimulated brain (one that's almost always in front of a computer, TV, or phone screen) 10 minutes off, it gets confused. Surely there must be something to do here other than focus on meditation, it seems to be saying. Oh, how wrong my brain can be.
The sooner your brain (and the human being connected to it) understands that it's just as simple as focusing on the meditation practice at hand, and that there is literally nothing else to do, the easier meditating will get.


Automating the lead/opportunity generation will considerably improve your efficiency. Any visitor using the contact form on your website will create a lead/opportunity in the pipeline.
To activate the contact us page on your website you have to install the Contact Form application form the Apps.
You benefit from ready-to-use contact form on your Odoo website that will generate leads/opportunities automatically.
Contact form creates an lead/opportunity into the specific sales channel, to change that specific sales channel, go to Website / Configuration / Settings under Communication section you will find the Contact Form info and where to change the default Sales Channel or Salesperson.
If the same visitors uses the contact form twice, the second information will be added to the first lead/opportunity in the chatter.
Let's go and fill some information into the contact us page and submit the form.
Submit for form, visitor will get the thank you page having the emergency contact detail in case if they would like to connect quickly before sales people contact them.
The opportunity will be created in the default sales channel set on the configuration.
Validate contact (phone,mobile) numbers and normalize them on leads and contacts, use the national format for your company country.


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Tag Archives: Wednesfield Road
John Bellfield Coley
Posted by heidimcintosh in Daily life, Home front
John Coley, Penkridge, Special constables, Wednesfield Road, Wood Hays
John was born on 31 August 1877 in Wolverhampton, the son of John and Elizabeth Coley. John married Emily Augusta Thornley in Wolverhampton in 1900, and they were living at 94 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton, in 1901. John was working as a butcher. The couple were at Oakley Farm, Wood Hays, Wednesfield, Wolverhampton, by 1911, when John was working as a butcher and farmer. They had a daughter, Marjory Mary.
Perhaps because of his age, John does not appear to have served in the armed forces during the First World War. However, he did serve as a special constable for Wolverhampton Council.
John died on 25 January 1962, by which date he was living at Congreve House, Congreve Farm, Penkridge. The value of his effects was £16,771 15s.
Dennis Bill
Dennis Bill, Special constables, Springfield Road, Walsall, Wednesfield Road
Dennis was born in Walsall on 13 May 1886, the son of John and Jane Bill. By 1901, he was living with his grandmother and brothers Henry J. and Walter F. at 51 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton. He was working as a railway clerk. By 1911 he was listed as a visitor in the home of his uncle, George Charles O'Neal, at 7 Springfield Road, Wolverhampton. Dennis was now working as a grocer's assistant. Later that year, he married Emma Jones in Wolverhampton, and they had a daughter, Constance, in 1912.
Dennis does not appear to have done any military service during the First World War. However, he served Wolverhampton Council as a Special Constable. Unfortunately I have not been able to confirm further details of Dennis's life.
William Boddis
Blackpool, Special constables, Springfield Road, Wednesfield Road, William Boddis
William was born in Wolverhampton on 1 September 1885, the son of Solomon and Patience Boddis. They were living at 92 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton, in 1901, along with William's sister, Hannah. William was working as a commercial clerk. They were at 13 Springfield Road, Wolverhampton, by 1911, and William was a tailor and dealer. Later that year, he married Gertrude G. Blakemore in Wolverhampton, and the couple had four children – twins Mary and Maud (1912), William A. J. (1923) and Arthur B. (1924).
William does not appear to have done any military service during the First World War, but served as a special constable locally in Wolverhampton. By 1939, he was living with his wife and family in Blackpool, working as an engineer gauge maker and coach booking clerk. Gertrude died in 1940, and William remarried, to a Mabel Hallam, in Blackpool in 1953. William himself died in Blackpool on 15 November 1954. The value of his effects was £561 12s. 11d.
Deborah Burton
British Red Cross, Deborah Burton, Oxbarn Avenue, Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton General Hospital
The daughter of Tom and Deborah Westwood, Deborah was born in Wolverhampton on 5 November 1889. In 1901, she was living with her parents at 29 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton, along with her siblings Tom William, Dennis, Ina and Lizzie. They were at 153 Wednesfield Road by 1911, with an additional child, Eileen. Deborah was now working as an elementary school teacher.
From Jun 1917 onwards, Deborah (whose address was now 60 Wednesfield Road), served as a nurse with the British Red Cross. She also helped out by sewing at the Soldiers Wards at the Wolverhampton General Hospital.
Deborah married Joseph W. Burton in Wolverhampton in 1918. The couple had four children – Dennis W. (1920), Sheila D. (1923), Michael J. (1931) and Mary P. (1935). By 1939, the family were living at 19 Oxbarn Avenue, Wolverhampton. Deborah died in Wolverhampton in 1962.
The North brothers
Belgium, Bilston, Clifford North, John North, Lincolnshire Regiment, Oxford Street, South Staffordshire Regiment, Wednesfield Road
The sons of John William and Sarah E. North, John Bertram was born in Wolverhampton in 1897, and Clifford was born in Wolverhampton on 30 June 1899. In 1901 they were living in 62 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton, along with their brother Victor Nash. By 1911, the family were living at 141 Oxford Street, Bilston, with an additional two children, Madeline M. and David H. John was a coach upholstery trimmer.
John enlisted with the 8th Service Battalion of the South Staffordshire Regiment (number 11794). He was wounded, and died of these wounds on 1 December 1915. He is buried at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery in Belgium, and is remembered on the Bilston High Town Ward Roll of Honour.
Clifford served as a Private with the Lincolnshire Regiment (service number 51224). He survived the war. He married Lily Rowley in Wolverhampton in 1932, and they had a son, Derek, born in 1944. Clifford died in Wolverhampton in 1972.
Archibald "Archie" Needham
Archibald Needham, football, Royal Air Force, Royal Flying Corps, Sheffield, Sussex, Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton Wanderers FC
The son of William Henry and Sarah Needham, Archie was born in Sheffield on 24 May 1881. He became a professional footballer, playing for Sheffield United, Crystal Palace, and Glossop North End, before joining Wolverhampton Wanderers in 1910. In 1911, he was boarding in the home of William Griffiths at 78 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton. In 1911, he moved to play for Brighton & Hove Albion.
During the war, Archie served with the Royal Flying Corps, later the Royal Air Force (number 6666). He married Ethel Margaret Bacon in Horsham, Sussex, on 5 December 1915. Archie survived the war.
By 1939, they were still living in Horsham, and Archie had become a textile engineer, but was retired by that date. Archive died on 29 October 1950, when his address was 17 Hangleton Road, Hove, Sussex. The value of his effects was £13115 8s. 8d.
John Henry Aldridge
Express & Star, John Aldridge, Wednesfield Road
The son of John and Mary Aldridge, John was born in Wolverhampton in 1893. In 1901 the family lived at 43 Wednesfield Road, and by 1911, he was living with his parents and sister Marian Irene at 118 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton. He was working as a clerk in a mercantile office. John married Dorothy G. Day in Wolverhampton in 1916, and the couple had three children – Alfred J. F. (1917), Gladys H. I. (1921) and Desmond D. (1925).
John's name and address were listed in the Express & Star on 30 October 1914 as one of the many local men who had signed up in connection with the newspaper's "Comrades in Arms" movement. However I have not been able to confirm further details about his live or his military service, although the dates of birth of his children suggest that he did survive the war.
Charles Hancock Kay
Charles Kay, France, Germany, High Street, New Street, Portobello, Royal Field Artillery, Wednesfield Road
Charles was born in Wolverhampton on 29 January 1894, the son of Alfred and Eliza Kay. In 1901, they were living at 80 High Street, Portobello, along with Charles's siblings Enoch H. W., Emily A., Mabel E. L., William W., Alice E., and Phyllis A. By 1911 Charles and four of his siblings (Enoch, Mabel, William and Phyllis) were living at 6 New Street, Portobello. Charles was a baker and bread maker.
On 7 December 1915, Charles enlisted as a Gunner in the Royal Field Artillery (service number 152160). His address by this date was 68 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton, He served in France and Germany until September 1919, when he was discharged
Charles married Florence Mabel James in Wolverhampton in 1917. The couple had three children – Joyce E. (1920), Howard C. (1923) and Phyllis C. (1928). Charles died in Wolverhampton in 1974 at the age of 80.
Bertie David Foster
Bertie Foster, Bright Street, Chubbs, France, Gibbs Street, Midland Counties Express, South Staffordshire Regiment, Wednesfield Road
The son of Thomas and Margaret Foster, Bertie was born in Wolverhampton in 1894. They were living at 18D Gibbs Street, Wolverhampton, in 1901, along with Bertie's siblings Alice, William, Gladys and George. They were at 117 Bright Street by 1911, and Bertie was an apprentice at the safe works at Chubbs in Wednesfield Road.
He enlisted in the 2nd/6th Battalion of the South Staffordshire Regiment (number 241054). He was killed in action on 11 April 1917. He was featured in the Midland Counties Express on 12 May 1917, and is buried at Jeancourt Communal Cemetery Extension in France.
Alfred James Evans
19 Thursday Apr 2018
Alfred Evans, Egypt, Harlaston, Royal Navy, Sunbeam Motor Company, Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton Chronicle
Alfred was born on 19 October 1889 in Harlaston, Staffordshire, the son of Joseph and Mary Ann Evans. By 1911, they were living at 106 Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton, along with Alfred's siblings Gertrude and Arthur Evans, and step-brother, William George Hodgkins. Alfred became a motor driver and fitter at the Sunbeam works.
He enlisted in the Royal Naval Air Service (number F/1259) on 2 November 1914. His skills learnt at Sunbeam meant he became a Petty Officer Motor Mechanic, serving first on the Pembroke III. Unfortunately, he became ill and was sent to the 19th General Hospital in Alexandria. On 6 February 1916, he died from paratyphoid, appendicextomy and peritonitis. He is buried in the Alexandria (Chatby) Military and War Memorial Cemetery in Egypt. The Wolverhampton Chronicle carried news of his death on 8 March 1916.


I've noticed that no one has really come up with a standard for SB scale vehicles so I've decided to give it a go.
Since I only have good sources for WWII era vehicles I'll try to limit myself to that but generally when I say "WWII" I mean anything that was used in the war or built as a result of it whether it saw combat or not. This includes experimental vehicles and vehicles that where actually built after the war but where designed based on war time requirements (like some members of the Soviet IS family).
I won't start posting any right away because I need to figure out how I should organize the groupings.
I'm thinking of posting all the vehicles of a certain type and country in one drawing but if anyone has any ideas just spit them out.
As it stands now, I have done almost 300 vehicles in SB scale with a standard colour scheme. I won't be posting vehicles in camo or with markings because: 1) it takes too much time, 2) my sources aren't really good enough to depend on for that amount of detail, and 3) it gives everyone the chance to add the markings they want.
Finally, I have tried to keep the colouring for gun calibers the same as it is in the WWII gun part sheets to keep with the spirit of standardizing.
My question is why you'd need, say, a Tiger on a ship.
Probably posting from and iPhone and naval terms befuddle it. If I say a ships' hill, you know what I meant.
But apart from all that, I've just noticed that people do dibbs and dabs when it comes to SB scale vehicles and some of them look pretty bad. On top of that, people post FD scale tanks and stuff, why not SB scale? They would look good with all the aircraft on planebucket.
So, when will we be seeing these many many drawings?
Well I'm organizing them right now but hopefully I'll start today. I think I'll start with Australian designs then the USSR then maybe British tanks after that.
Here are the Australian AC1/3/4 Sentinel cruiser tanks to start off with. Now, should I include the name and type in the drawing or not?
Also, please let me know if you think I've forgotten a design!! And constructive criticism is always welcome!
You should definitely put the name on the drawing. How else are people supposed to find out what's what?
Comments, critiques are welcome as usual.
Last edited by GroundSluger on June 20th, 2011, 1:33 am, edited 1 time in total.


Hi, my name is Tannetti and I'm looking for my furever home. I'm a handsome boy who loves all the attention, I don't like sharing my affection so I would probably suit a person who can give me lots of love one on one. I just adore cuddling and being close to my human, whether it be sitting on the couch together or me cuddling you in bed, I just love to be close.
I've been with my foster mum for a few months and I'm very happy here. I wasn't a bit shy when she brought me home, I was just grateful to have a house to move around in and run and play. I have lots to say all the time, I'm very vocal and like you to know I'm around. I love to explore the backyard when I'm allowed out but I always know where my tuna is.
I'm a bit like a little lion with my beautiful colouring and fluffy tail. I'm definitely from the cat family. As you'll see from my photos, I have some quirky habits, like laying on my belly with legs spread. It's my favourite position for relaxing. If you're looking for a sociable, happy kitty, I'm your man. I have lots of love to give.