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By Phil Blanckley • April 9th, 2012
HANNA (CD)
Sony Music Classical
Release date: July 4th 2011
Running time: 50:07 minutes
Composers: The Chemical Brothers
I have listened to and composed various genres and styles of music throughout my life so far. Taking careful consideration to choose the instrumentation, rhythm and harmony used to fit in with the desired genre, I often became too comfortable with my style of composition and therefore decided to challenge myself.
Why not delve into an area I had never really considered, something completely different. Thus began my liking for electronic composition. Believe me, this genre has provided some of the biggest challenges I have faced so far as a composer. Although it may sound a whiz to plug several synths into a computer, make a few sounds, sync them together and off you go (and actually, the process isn't too difficult) you will find that the combination of sounds created and the wonder of the endless possibilities of what can be done with these sounds will keep you going on and on. For me it is an addiction – I am an addict.
Directed by Joe Wright and portraying strong fairytale references, Hanna follows the story of the 16 year old girl of the same name (Saoirse Ronan) trained by her ex-CIA operative father Erik (Eric Bana) to be a skilled assassin.
Erik knows a secret that cannot become public, and having left the CIA officer Marissa Wiegler (Cate Blanchett) is on the look out to kill him, although Hanna has been trained to kill her. Having spent time away from civilization, Hanna is unaware of human culture and technology, but has a great deal of general knowledge, also speaking several languages. She has numerous back stories for "when the time comes".
One evening, Hanna tells her father she is ready. Having given Hanna a transmitter that will alert the world to their presence, Erik leaves her to flick the switch when she feels the time is right. Going their separate ways, Erik instructs her to eventually meet him in Berlin.
The story then follows the turbulent journey she must take to kill Marissa and to meet her father alive, as well as heavily touching on her personal development as she comes into contact with other human beings and technology.
Having worked with them in the past, Wright chose the Manchester originating duo The Chemical Brothers to produce the original soundtrack for the film, which was also to be their first. The result is a fantastic combination of sound which encapsulated the themes of the film in a different way that conventional harmonies and melodic themes could.
The opening track, Hanna's Theme, is as it states. A main melodic theme is developed through the use of a human voice, over chromatic percussion that grows with layers of audio processed instrumentation being gradually introduced. It is simple, yet the technique of building these layers of sound, the sweet melodic vocal theme and introducing a heavy bass line gives it a feel of innocence with an underlying tone of apprehension and danger.
We lead then into Escape 700 one of my favourite tracks. The first fifty seconds of it consists of almost a single note with the heavy use of audio processing, before it progresses into a full-on, typical Chemical Brothers track with heavy pulsating bass lines and loud drums.
Certain parts of the track remind me of their 2005 track Galvanize. Ending again how it started, the track then progresses into Chalice 1, forty seven seconds of an oscillating note which only develops in volume. It need do no more, the anticipation of the repetitiveness and if there will be any further development someow keeps you intrigued.
The Devil Is In The Details portrays a fairy tale theme, through use of a melodically simple call and response motif, accompanied by a walking style underlie of percussion and chromatic percussion. It has a childlike theme, again demonstrating innocence. It reminds me of clowns, fun houses and fairgrounds. It is one of the most prominent and memorable tracks due to the repetitiveness of the thematic material and little other development, but it works extremely well.
Quayside Synthesis sees the return of the rhythmic style and melodies used previously in Escape 700. The Sandman again transports us into a child-like world, with a solo Celesta melody over a droning bass note, later accompanied by electric organ and electronic sounds. It is sinister, like a music box that begins to wind down. It once again however portrays innocence and isolation – reoccuring themes so far throughout. Halfway through the track, we see a short reprise of Hanna's Theme using different instrumentation.
1.	Hanna's Theme
2.	Escape 700
3.	Chalice 1
4.	The Devil is in the Details
5.	Map Sounds / Chalice 2
6.	The Forest
7.	Quayside Synthesis
8.	The Sandman
9.	Marissa Flashback
10.	Bahnhof Rumble
11.	The Devil is in the Beats
12.	Car Chase (Arp Worship)
13.	Interrogation / Lonesome Subway / Grimm's House
14.	Hanna vs Marissa
15.	Sun Collapse
16.	Special Ops
17.	Escape Wavefold
18.	Isolated Howl
19.	Container Park
20.	Hanna's Theme (Vocal Version)
Bahnhof Rumble excellently creates anticipation and apprehension through the use of low audio processed notes and repetitive motifs accompanied later on by drum and bass style percussion. It gives the track flow and development, and it delivers a scene of urgency.
The Devil Is In The Beats works fantastically well. We see the return of the original material provided earlier in The Devil is in the Details delivered in true Chemical Brothers style. It is amazing how this difference in delivery changes the track to give it a completely new feel. To me it is more one of being triumphant and independent. It is bold, makes a statement and demonstrates the developement of Hanna from child to maturity – even the similarity in titles with only the change of 'details' to 'beats' is genius – the original details, the 'bones' of the track, have been built upon and developed to provide the beats!
Hanna Vs Marissa uses loud drum rolls and cymbal clashes over a pulsating bass line and irregular electronic harmonies to provide the feeling of urgency. Escape Wavefold and Container Park nicely bring the soundtrack towards an end with bold, loud and funky melodies and instrumentation. We see the return of some of the original thematic material towards the end of Container Park, before we are led into a reprise of Hanna's Theme, albeit it the vocal version which I personally think is fantastic, featuring the vocal talents of American singer-songwriter Stephanie Dosen.
I was dubious to begin with as to whether this genre of music could work with a film such as this, however I think the Chemical Brothers have been able to do this better than most would have been able to. It is a soundscape which quite ignorantly of me I didn't appreciate as much whilst watching the film as I did when I listened to it as a stand alone soundtrack – it may have blended in a little too well behind the action of the film.
Some may argue that there was a lack of experimentation, and the sounds and themes were not developed enough. Yes, I do agree that there is so much more that could have been done, but as I stated earlier, it can so easily become a never-ending project, and I believe they have done it right with this one.
I am fascinated by the construction of this score; it's ability to bring back reoccurring themes, melodies and material in such a different form. It is very John Cage. It progresses through the change in and layering of sound and experimentation. I cannot fault it. For me it is a work of sheer genius, and I only hope this is a direction the Chemical Brothers continue to pursue.
Phil Blanckley
Phil is a 27-year-old classically trained musician from Sheffield with qualifications in Popular Music, Classical Music and a BA (Hons) in Creative Music Technology and Sound Recording. He likes nothing better than locking himself in the studio and composing music of all genres.
Phil became interested in composing after learning how to play the Cello and Clarinet at a young age, and has never looked back since. His favourite composer is Danny Elfman, whose unconventional harmonies and rhythms in scores such as Edward Scissorhands still manage to bring a tear or two to his eye.
You can find him on Twitter @PhilBlanckley.


Hello, dear friends. You are here at the headquarters of the survivors of the Auschwitz concentration camp. Before I begin to talk about what was, and what is deportation, I would like to try and give an overall explanation, as simply as possible, of what the concentration and extermination camps were. You understand ? Good !


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The Kavli Institute | HARVARD.EDU
Aizenberg
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Our Nature work got highlighted by DOE office of Science!
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Wyss Institute Celebrates Highly Cited and Top Translational Researchers
(BOSTON) — Web of Science Group has announced Highly Cited Researchers 2020 list, which identifies researchers who demonstrated significant influence in their chosen field or fields through the publication of multiple highly cited papers during the last decade. Their names are drawn from the publications that rank in the top 1% by citations for field and... Read more about Wyss Institute Celebrates Highly Cited and Top Translational Researchers
Marine sponges inspire the next generation of skyscrapers and bridges
When we think about sponges, we tend to think of something soft and squishy. But researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) are using the glassy skeletons of marine sponges as inspiration for the next generation of stronger and taller buildings, longer bridges, and lighter spacecraft. ... Read more about Marine sponges inspire the next generation of skyscrapers and bridges
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All living organisms have systems that can link multiple signals to manage tasks. For example, humans have systems of organs that can combine inputs from sight, hearing, and smell in a fear response that can cause our hearts to speed up. This ability—called complex signal integration—is not found in artificial systems. This new study demonstrates a pathway for simple, soft artificial materials to use multiple signals from external sources to produce distinct responses. ... Read more about Highlight: Integrating Variable Signals in Hydrogels
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Challenge member, SeungSoo Kim (김승수) has won this episode's challenge. He is wearing The Beasts' Antlers EarCuff.
From last issue, our unique Earcuffs are featured. And also this month's issue, beautiful under water scene with Antler's Earcuff.


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Q: How to check if google tag analysis is loaded before using it? I am new to google analytics tag, I am sending event on click, now I have added data-consent as you can see below my script tag in a header.
Tag
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>my app</title>

 <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->
<script async  type="text/plain" data-consent-category="3" src="gtagjs link"></script>
<script type="text/plain" data-consent-category="3">
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
  gtag('js', new Date());

  gtag('config', 'my code');
</script>

Sending event to GTA
if(gtag){
    console.log('GTA IS LOADED');
    gtag('event', "take_test", {
        'event_category': "engagement",
        'event_label': labela,
    });
}else{
    console.log('NO GTA IS NOT LOADED');

}

When  I run my app I get the following
gtag is not defined

A: This is your current snippet:
<!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->
<script async  type="text/plain" data-consent-category="3" src="gtagjs link"></script>
<script type="text/plain" data-consent-category="3">
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
  gtag('js', new Date());

  gtag('config', 'my code');
</script>

I am sure that you replaced gtagjs link to hide the ID, however the text/plain type attribute is definitely wrong because the code doesn't recognize as JavaScript but as text. As a result it does not load the library and gives you the error gtag is not defined.
So, or you replace the snippet with the following (with your ID instead of you replaced):
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GA_MEASUREMENT_ID"></script>
<script>
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
  gtag('js', new Date());

  gtag('config', 'GA_MEASUREMENT_ID');
</script>

or you have to use text/plain for the event too (if you want to block Analytics without consent):
<script type="text/plain">
    gtag('event', 'take_test', {
        'event_category': 'engagement',
        'event_label': labela,
    });
</script>

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text:
Wednesday, Aug 19 2015 • 10 a.m. (ET)
The Controversy Over Hillary Clinton's Emails
Video: Will Hillary Clinton's Private Server Hurt Her?
Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton speaks at a July 24 event at the New York University Leonard N. Stern School of Business in New York. KENA BETANCUR/AFP/Getty Images
Questions about the way Hillary Clinton handled email while she was secretary of state have dogged her for months. Last week, Clinton gave federal authorities her private email server, which she used for all of her email during her tenure in the Obama administration. State Department rules did not prohibit the use of a private server, but critics say doing so created a national security risk. Clinton has pushed back, pointing out she had not sent or received classified material while using the server. She maintains the controversy is entirely politically motivated. We look at the Clinton email probe and how it's affecting her presidential campaign.
Ellen Tauscher Former State Department undersecretary for arms control and international security affairs; former Democratic congresswoman, California's 10th District (1997-2009)
Karen Tumulty National political reporter, The Washington Post.
Jonathan Turley Professor of public interest law, The George Washington University Law School.
MS. DIANE REHMThanks for joining us. I'm Diane Rehm. Last week, Hillary Clinton handed over her private email server to federal authorities. It was the server she used to send, receive and store emails during her four years as secretary of state. For months, Republicans have hammered Secretary Clinton on the email issue, implying she did something unlawful or underhanded.
MS. DIANE REHMNow, even Clinton's supporters concede the controversy could be harming her presidential campaign. Joining me in the studio to talk about the email investigation, Jonathan Turley of the George Washington University School of Law and Karen Tumulty of The Washington Post. Joining us from a studio in San Francisco, former Democratic congresswomen, Ellen Tauscher.
MS. DIANE REHMShe is former undersecretary for arms control and international security affairs at the State Department from 2009 to 2012. Throughout the hour, we'll be taking your calls, questions, comments, call us on 800-433-8850. Send an email to drshow@wamu.org. Follow us on Facebook or send us a tweet. And thanks to all of you for being with us.
MS. KAREN TUMULTYGreat to be here.
MR. JONATHAN TURLEYThank you very much.
MS. ELLEN TAUSCHERThank you.
REHMKaren Tumulty, take us back a little bit. Remind us how this whole thing started.
TUMULTYWell, it's long and it's complicated, but it's important to understand. All of this really started a year ago, last August, when the committee on the Hill investigating the deaths of four Americans at Benghazi discovered some records that had a private email domain account on them, Clintonemail.com. This prompted the State Department to ask Secretary Clinton to turn over all of these emails. There were 60-something -- 60,000 something in all.
TUMULTYShe decided that 30,000 or so were private so she destroyed them, turned over in December 30,000 emails. At the same time, there are now two dozen freedom of information lawsuits going on various aspects of her tenure as secretary. So a federal judge ordered that these emails start being released on a schedule. So as the State Department starts going through them, trying to figure out what's classified and what's not, there's some tension developing because the inspectors general see -- the inspectors general for both the State Department and the intelligence agencies see -- have a different sort of sense of what should be classified than the State Department officials are who are going through this.
TUMULTYOkay. So in March, it's suddenly the New York Times reports that Hillary Clinton had this private email account, used it exclusively, it becomes a gigantic political issue. And so suddenly what -- basically kind of tension within the State Department comes out into the whole public realm. Okay. Fast forward a little bit to June when the inspectors general discover that some of this material is not just stuff that Hillary Clinton turned over to the State Department, but it exists on a thumb drive outside the State Department's control in the safe of Hillary Clinton's attorney, David Kendall.
TUMULTYSo because of their concern about that, they decide to go to the FBI and make what is called a security referral to say, hey, you know, we are afraid -- we have found some classified information in these emails. We are afraid that some of this information is outside the government's control and we want the FBI to look into it, which became public then at the end of July and has really created this controversy, which has now lead to Hillary Clinton, just within the last couple of weeks, agreeing to do two things that originally she said she wouldn't do, which is turn over that thumb drive that was in a safe in her lawyer's office and to turn over her private email server.
TUMULTYI hope that's all clear, but that's what got us here.
REHMDid the thumb drive have all 60,000 emails on it?
TUMULTYNo. The thumb drive had the 30,000 plus or minus that she turned over to the State Department. Her lawyer was initially resisting giving it up because he said he has to maintain that as evidence for the Benghazi committee, that there is a requirement, you know, of obligation on his part to preserve the evidence that they might be interested in. So really, you have all kinds of interests pulling this controversy in all kinds of different directions.
REHMOne more question. Did the State Department or the investigating services decide that some emails that were not classified be classified once they read them?
TUMULTYYes. What happened was the inspectors general for the State Department and the intelligence community were reading over some of these emails and, you know, the Clinton people say nothing was marked classified.
REHMRight.
TUMULTYBut, you know, that's not really what the standard is here and so the inspectors general pulled back and they said, whoa, some of this stuff is classified. We have, in fact, since found that, you know, there's an argument that some of it was actually top secret.
REHMBut was it labeled so? That's what I'm asking.
TUMULTYNone of it was labeled so. And by the way, the responsibility, and Jeff is more of an expert on this than I am, but my understanding is that the responsibility for classified information really lies with the sender. And a lot of these emails, including these top secret ones that have since been found, we are told are not emails that Hillary Clinton, herself, sent, but emails where maybe she was on an email chain. In some instances, never even replied to them. So the, you know, the FBI's investigation at this point, looking into where all this information is, is not necessarily aimed at Hillary Clinton.
TUMULTYIt is not necessarily -- it's not, at this point, a criminal investigation, but it is looking at this gigantic community of people with whom she was communicating.
REHMKaren Tumulty, national political reporter for The Washington Post. Jonathan Turley, as a professor of public interest law, tell me about the issues you have with the way Hillary Clinton's email account was handled.
TURLEYWell, there's really two types of issues that are raised by this. First, of course, is the potential criminal or legal liability issue. On that, there are basically four legal areas that her attorneys have to be concerned about. There's the federal records act, the freedom of information act, the NARA regulations, those are the archives regulations and what is called 18 USC 1924 and that's something that those of us who deal with national security material regularly have to deal with because it involves the handling, destruction, preservation of classified information.
TURLEYSo on one hand, you have that aspect and there are certainly arguments and defenses that Hillary Clinton can make about whether she know something was classified, whether she was subject to these regulations. There's no question that what she did is now covered in a regulation as being inappropriate, but those were technically changed after she left the State Department, even though there were email -- a memo before that point, saying, you know, don't do this.
TURLEYThe second question...
REHMExcuse me. Was that not optional?
TURLEYNo, that -- I think you could argue that that was optional.
REHMIn other words, she was not given an instruction, do not do this, but as I understand it, the State Department said, we would prefer that you not do this.
TURLEYYeah, I think it was a bit stronger than that. I think that the State Department made clear this is not something that we want you to do. You need to...
REHMOkay.
TURLEYI mean, the government has spent truly billions of dollars securing servers, email systems, communication systems and this email was reminding people, they're there for a reason. We are subject to attack for surveillance. The second issue is simply even if it's not illegal, is this a good practice? Does this show good judgment? On that issue, I think there's really no question. I think it shows appalling judgment. I mean, I was flabbergasted that Clinton could effectively run the State Department off a private server.
TURLEYAnd I've been dealing with classified material since Reagan and I can tell you that security officers -- if you want to put a security officer in a fetal position, you just use the word email. It is extremely vulnerable. They are always really quite exercised about anything going over email. And I don't think anyone could seriously argue that she used good judgment in taking this step.
REHMAll right. One last question before we go to a break, did Colin Powell, when he was secretary of state, also use a private server?
TURLEYYeah, that's one of these things, the spins that you've heard, that I've certainly heard, and I have to say I don't find them very convincing. First of all, this business about things being marked is just bizarrely out of place. When you deal with classified information, you have to presume you're working with classified information in certain circumstances. When you're the secretary of state, you're one of the top targets of foreign intelligence.
TURLEYYou have to assume that your communication is classified. As to Colin Powell, he did this before the invention of the iPhone. The thing changed a great deal.
REHMJonathan Turley, he's professor of public interest law at the George Washington University Law School. When we come back, we'll hear another perspective. Stay with us.
REHMAnd welcome back. You've heard the background as to how Hillary Clinton's emails have become so controversial. You've heard the back from Karen Tumulty of the Washington Post. You've heard the concerns raised about use of a private server, the security concerns raised by Jonathan Turley, professor of law at George Washington University, and now we turn to former undersecretary for arms control and international security affairs at State Department, Ellen Tauscher. She is also former Democratic congresswoman representing California's 10th District.
REHMCongresswoman Tauscher, you've got firsthand experience with the State Department email system. Your own thoughts on this controversy?
TAUSCHERWell, thank you Diane. I very much appreciate Karen's I think very thoughtful laying out of the complicated situation that everyone finds themselves in when you're dealing with classified information. In my case, like Secretary Clinton, my office was a SCIF, which is a secure area, and I think the most important thing to remember in all of these swirling cross-complaints is that all of the classified information that Secretary Clinton worked with is right where it belongs, on the classified server.
TAUSCHERWhat we're talking about are unclassified emails that were unclassified at the time she received them and not things that are subject to national security concerns. But, you know, I think it's very important to acknowledge that with some of these accusations that are out there that it's important for the secretary, and that is why she has delivered the server, and the thumb drive is, you know, trying to get secured so that both the Benghazi folks who want a chain of custody for those emails and the ICs from both State Department and the intelligence community and the FBI can have access to it.
TAUSCHERAs Karen said, you know, the FBI's looking at this primarily because these emails by federal order are meant to be released to the public, and the review that the FBI is doing is really not a criminal investigation or even about Secretary Clinton. It's about making sure that there is agreement between the disparate groups, both from the intelligence community and the State Department and others, as to the correct classification of these emails because they are going to become public.
REHMThat's what I...
TAUSCHERAnd there are things about them -- go ahead.
REHMExcuse me, that's exactly what I wanted to ask you about. How often are documents re-classified up or down based on new information or to whom the emails are being sent?
TAUSCHERAll the time. And there's great dispute between different departments about the level of classification. You know, as Jonathan said, the person that is sending the email is required to set the level of classification, but you're not going to be surprised to find out that the intelligence community thinks everything should be classified. Sometimes something going to the secretary, just because it was going to her for a certain kind of review, had a bump up in classification, and subsequently it was bumped down.
TAUSCHERSo there are a lot of times when things for one reason or another are -- things are reclassified. What's important to note here is that this is -- this whole entire effort is about providing the American people with these emails. And this review, where there's now 305 of the emails that are going to be under review for the appropriate classification, this is about the American people and others getting to see these emails. It's not about anybody sending classified emails on an unclassified environment to Secretary Clinton. She has said very clearly she did not receive any classified information.
REHMAnd the question continues to come up as to why, considering the fact that the State Department advised everyone not to use a personal server, that Secretary Clinton decided to go forward in that direction.
TAUSCHERYou know, I think Secretary Clinton said it yesterday. This was done mostly for convenience, to be able to keep track of her family and her friends and because she had a bruising travel schedule. But I think what is really the most important piece is that throughout her tenure, Secretary Clinton maintained the very high standard of security on the classified side.
TAUSCHERYou know, there are a number of people that work for us up on the seventh floor of the State Department. They're foreign -- you know, Foreign Service officers, some with the rank of ambassador, some of them are, you know, civil service employees of tremendous tenure and experience. And they work very hard to make sure that the bright white line between things that are classified and unclassified is maintained.
TAUSCHERAnd I think it's important to remember, all of the classified information that Secretary Clinton had during her tenure is on the classified server. But also, not all business of the State Department, I would say not even half of the business of the State Department, is done by email. And so while I think it's very important that we're clear that there are no criminal issues here and that the national security assets of the United States have been protected, I think it's really important to also remember that there is a very, very high threshold inside the State Department, as there is throughout the government, of maintaining classified data in the most secure way possible.
REHMJonathan Turley, do you want to comment?
TURLEYWell, I have a great deal of respect for Ellen, and some of the things that she has said, I agree with. Where I would depart are on a couple of issues. I think that I would not say that it's clear that the national security interests have been protected. I would say the opposite. I'd say that it's abundantly clear that they have not been. This idea that you only treat this as classified material if there is a classification stamp on it, in my view it's just not the reality.
TURLEYThe president of the United States doesn't have a guy standing there with a stamp, and everything that he says or writes down is immediately stamped as top secret. Because of who he is, because of the nature of the information, you have to presume it's classified. Hillary Clinton was one of the top foreign intelligence targets in the world. She has to assume that there are a host of countries constantly probing to try to get access to things like email.
TURLEYThe idea that she would use a private server exclusively for her communications on email is really bizarre, and you've seen people who are not political, and I don't have a dog in this fight politically, but there's plenty of professional folks from the intelligence community, including the inspector generals themselves, who have said no, we have at least 300 emails so far that we have flagged as possibly classified. Some of them include signals intelligence, which is the really sacred area of classification rules. And so they're saying yes, some stuff that went over the email does appear to be classified.
TURLEYAnd none of us in this field are at all surprised by that because of the nature of her work. The other thing is the FBI got involved because of the classification concern. It was sent to them, and they went to secure this material. And we heard yesterday reports about a Colorado company that was used by Hillary Clinton for the personal server, and it's described in the article as sort of a mom-and-pop's operation with a server that's held -- was held in the closet of like a bathroom at this location.
TURLEYAnd whatever shakes out in terms of how they protected their own servers, it reaffirms how dangerous this practice is.
REHMKaren Tumulty?
TUMULTYAnd my college Roz Helderman has a story that has just posted on the Washington Post, where she has looked at this company in Colorado called Platte River Systems, which had been keeping the Clinton's server, which at one point was in their house in Chappaqua. But when the FBI took custody of it last week, it was actually in a storage facility in New Jersey and supposedly was empty. It had been cleaned.
TUMULTYBut a spokesman for the company told my colleague I can't say for sure it was clean, and I can't say for sure that it wasn't. So there's a question of what was existing on the server, and there's also this question of Hillary Clinton herself getting to decide which emails are private and which emails are not. And the comparison I would draw here is back when President Obama came into office and wanted to carry a Blackberry so that he could communicate with his closest friends, he was told by the White House Counsel's Office, we'll give you this encrypted Blackberry, you can talk to 10 people on it, but you need to know that every single thing on this Blackberry, you should never assume it's private. It is all going to go to an independent archivist, and that independent archivist is going to decide what's private and what's not. And Hillary Clinton herself made that determination.
REHMSecretary Tauscher, who did, in fact, advise Hillary Clinton on using this kind of private email server?
TAUSCHERI believe she was advised both by people in the State Department, and she made her own preferences known that she wanted to have one device, and she wanted to be, you know, able to have some convenience. Look, I think it's very fair to say, and I think Secretary Clinton made clear yesterday, that any idea that this was for convenience has now evaporated and that there are clearly some lessons learned and some mistakes that were made.
TAUSCHERBut I think what's really important to focus on is that in the compendium of her work as secretary of state for four years, she worked tirelessly to do what everybody in the government wants us to do, which is to maintain the integrity of the classified side. All of those emails, all of her classified emails are on the classified server. This is a question about the unclassified side. There are always going to be disputes between the State Department and different bureaus inside the State Department, the intelligence community, which we all know has, you know, a dozen agencies, about levels of classification.
TAUSCHERAnd these disputes happen every day. And they are adjudicated through the interagency process and the White House. So this is about the unclassified information that she was sent. You know, I have a lot of respect for Jonathan, too. He's right, there should be a high test for whether something is classified or not, but the obvious test are the headers and footers, which should tell you that something is classified. And in none of the cases of these emails are there any headers and footers that indicate that this is classified information.
TAUSCHERSo I think, you know, if we keep this about what it's about, which is the unclassified side of things, you know, it's very safe to say that there have been lessons learned and that there are regrets and that there are -- that were mistakes made. But I think in the end, the classified stuff is where it is.
REHMKaren Tumulty, if none of these emails had either, and I say this as having worked for years at the Department of State and seeing those headings of confidential, secret, top secret, at both top and bottom, if none of these documents was originally labeled that way, how can she be so accused?
TUMULTYWell, a couple of ways, and again, Jonathan's the expert here. These are people who are sitting in classified briefings. So there's the content that's written. There's also the content that's in their heads. And so if they are making reference to material that originally came from the CIA, sensitive material, that, you know, again, whether it says classified on it or not, is secret.
TUMULTYThe other way that it can happen, at least as has been explained to us, is say the New York Times or the Washington Post has a report on some secret operation that the CIA is doing. And the people on an email chain are just kind of discussing their reaction to this published piece of information that was a secret. It is of some interest to the bad guys to be able to see what the reaction on the emails is.
REHMAnd you're listening to "The Diane Rehm Show." And here's an email on that very subject from Jake in Rochester, New York, who says, with the IRS and the Federal Human Resources Department being hacked, Edward Snowden's data cache, isn't the claim that this could have endangered national security being overstated? Nobody seems to be able to get security right. Jonathan Turley?
TURLEYWell, I hate to -- I would certainly not disagree with the sentiment that really all of these scandals are rather surprising about how porous the system really is. Frankly I would never have thought that Secretary Clinton could ever get away with using a personal server. I was floored when I heard that. Now I have to also say that Ellen raises a very good and legitimate point when she says that, you know, intelligence communities tend to over-classify, and I also think in fairness to Hillary Clinton, it is important to note that of the classifications that -- the material that's been flagged as potentially classified, a great amount of that is at the lowest level of classification. So I think all of that has to go into the mix.
TURLEYBut where I depart is that you're talking about someone who is secretary of state who, as Karen points out, is getting a huge amount of classified information every single day. And the biggest concern for security officers is really not the headers-and-footer documents that have the classification markings. It is, in fact, the second-generation communications, when you have a secretary of state talking about a document.
TURLEYAnd they've raised issues like signals intelligence that were in some of these emails. And that's the reason there is this presumption -- I mean, this is not an assistant deputy of some small agency. This is one of the prime targets for major hostile powers.
REHMAll right, and before we go to a break, Karen Tumulty, how much of this is political, and how much of this is genuine security concern?
TUMULTYIt's all of it mixed up into one big complicated mess. And so when Secretary Clinton gets up and says this is just once again my enemies coming after me, that is not an argument you can make when the FBI is involved.
REHMKaren Tumulty, national political reporter for The Washington Post. We'll take a short break here. Your calls, your comments when we come back. Stay with us.
REHMAnd we're talking in this hour about the growing controversy over the emails that Hillary Clinton on a private server during her tenure as secretary of state. Ellen Tauscher is former undersecretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs at the State Department. She served as Democratic Congresswoman, representing California's 10th district. Karen Tumulty is here in the studio. She's with The Washington Post.
REHMJonathan Turley is professor of public interest law at the George Washington University's School of Law. Going to open the phones now, 800-433-8850. First to Toby, in Wilmington, N.C. You're on the air. Go right ahead, please.
TOBYThank you, Diane. This is what I'd like to say. I find it remarkable that so much energy is being expended on this controversy. It seems to be part of a scheme to bring down Hillary Clinton. I don't want to just say it's a scheme, like it's a vast right-wing conspiracy. However, I think this is a great opportunity for the Republican political machinery and their associated media to make it look like, once again, Hillary Clinton somehow had some criminology associated with her.
TOBYAnd I wonder they would -- if this would even be happening to a male secretary of state, given the fact, especially, that apparently Colin Powell had his own private email server. I realize the technology was different, but that was just a few years ago. And Ms. Clinton is not in the generation of people who are as technologically savvy, say, as young people. I'm not trying to excuse behavior that she might need to apologize for, but really, one, I don't see commensurate legislative outrage over all kinds of things that have affect us more, typical American citizens. And I -- and it doesn't -- this doesn't affect my life at all.
REHMAll right. Thanks for your call. Ellen Tauscher, your own opinions?
TAUSCHERWell, you know, of course we all -- all of us that are either elected or take the oath of office to protect the secrets of the country and to serve and defend the people of the country, we need -- we want to be reassured that everything was done properly. I think that the secretary has laid out very clearly what was going on on these unclassified emails with her personal email address. I think what's lost in the debate here is that all of the classified information that she dealt with over four years is all where it belongs, on the classified server. And I think it's important to have a debate.
REHMJonathan Turley, you're smiling at that.
TURLEYWell, I'm always smiling because I know the distinction that Ellen is making, but my honest guess is that at the end of this process we will find a great deal of classified information that was -- would have been deemed classified at the time. It was not reviewed because this is part of the contemporaneous communications that occur in office -- in actual offices in the State Department or through email. And that is not a very good distinction. You know, you are trained on those second generation communications. And I expect it will be found to have been -- that classified information went over this system.
REHMJonathan, tell me how it will be determined as to whether this is criminal behavior or not.
TURLEYWell, right now I think that Hillary Clinton's in a good position. She certainly has very gifted lawyers that are looking after her interests. The most likely criminal aspect would be USC -- 18 USC to 1924. That is the law that says that you can't take classified information or house classified information in unauthorized locations. And that can include email systems. That can include computers and servers at home.
TURLEYBut that standard does require a knowing act. And on that, I think you can get a great deal of support. I think that the other issue, as you know, being in this town a long time, that we really see the greatest danger, as criminal defense attorneys in Washington, on the reaction to these scandals. It is false statements that are made, so called 18 USC 1001 violations. Most of the really tough prosecutions that have occurred, have occurred on the response of people to allegations of this kind.
TURLEYAnd so you have to see how all this shakes out. There are people at risk here. I think there will be classified information that went over the system. People failed to do their job. The question though is when that gets to criminal culpability is a question of center or knowledge or recklessness in different statutes.
REHMHere's an email from Pat in Houston, who says, "All of this is the fruit of the poisonous Benghazi tree and should be dusted away as another propaganda exercise by the right." Karen Tumulty?
TUMULTYWell, certainly it was the Benghazi committee that first came across emails with this domain address. But I think that, again, it wasn't the Benghazi committee, it was two inspectors general, one for the State Department, one for the intelligence communities, who first raised the concern and went to the FBI in early July and said, look, there is some sensitive information that is out there where it shouldn't be and we need to get our arms around it. That is a, you know, legitimate and nonpartisan concern.
REHMAnd, Ellen Tauscher, how do you react to that legitimate concern?
TAUSCHERI share the concern. But let's keep in mind that part of this is a snapshot in time. What was unclassified 18 months ago, while Hillary was still secretary, could be dramatically different now. Now, obviously signals intelligence and other things like that are probably always going to have a higher classification. But, once again, this review by the FBI is for the appropriateness of these emails to be disseminated to the American people, which effectively means everybody in the world.
TAUSCHERAnd so the lens is an August of 2015 lens. And, you know, there's no look-back to what was going on back in 2013 or 2012 when it was an unclassified email. So, you know, that's why this is not a criminal investigation. This is the appropriateness of whether these emails should be released publicly, meaning that allies and adversaries will see them, and that it's important that we do this the right way. I'm very appreciative that both the I.G.s from the State Department and the I.C. are doing everything they can to make sure we get this right.
TUMULTYAnd had she not decided to do all of this on a private server, on a private email account, these issues would have been raised about the material, but the government would know where it was. It would not be essentially, you know, sending agents to New Jersey and asking questions of a firm in Denver and, you know, trying to track down all of these email correspondence that she had.
REHMAnd Secretary Tauscher, if what Secretary Clinton did was, say, even so much as reckless, as her critics contend, what does it say about senior staff at the State Department? Did they advise her to move forward in her own way or did they advise her strongly against it?
TAUSCHERWell, you know, let me tell you that some of the smartest and most patriotic people I've ever worked with were in the State Department. My three bureaus, as undersecretary, have 600 people that are some of the world's experts on biochemical nuclear weapons, you know, treaty law, export control law. But on, you know, also in the secretariat, as I said very early on, we have a number of former ambassadors and very high-ranking civil servants who are in the background making sure that all of this very, very important national security assets that are moving around, both electronically by email, but also by paper, are secure.
TAUSCHERAnd, you know, I don't think anybody's going to get thrown under the bus here. I think what's important to say is that I believe every effort was made to secure the unclassified side of her emails. And, you know, I think as we -- as this unravels, I think it's important to focus on the fact that the FBI is involved primarily to make sure that the custody of this information is secure and that what is released is properly classified so that things that we don't want to go out, for one reason or another, don't go out.
REHMSo you would not under any circumstances see a criminal case being made here?
TAUSCHERNo. I do not. And I think that, you know, I've read Michael Mukasey, who was a former attorney general, had an article in The Wall Street Journal this weekend, which I think was pretty much a partisan's greed. I mean when people are talking about the Espionage Act, you have to put your hand up and say, wait a minute. Let's step back a minute here. We're talking about unclassified emails, a majority of which were about, you know, what kind of toppings did she want on her pizza and what color tablecloth was going to be at a wedding. And the rest of them were all sent back to dot gov email addresses that are already part of the unclassified State Department server.
REHMJonathan?
TAUSCHERAnd all of the classified stuff is on the classified server.
REHMAll right. Jonathan?
TAUSCHERAnd so we're talking about unclassified information that the intelligence community and the State Department are right now trying to decide what the proper classification is.
REHMAll right.
TAUSCHERI think that's appropriate and I don't think we should release anything until we get that right.
TURLEYI think part of the problem, of course -- and this is what is so perplexing for the FBI, is that, of course, the Clinton staffers cleaned the server, but they certainly admit to deleting tens of thousands of emails. And how effective the cleaning was, whether those emails compromised anything is one of the concerns of the FBI. And one of the more surprising things is that Secretary Clinton used an I.T. specialist, who I think was associated with the campaign, was allowed to do that. And then he was then put on the State Department payroll, which struck many of us being a bit odd.
TURLEYBut when people talk about the risk to national security, you have to remember that the State Department is not just a diplomatic organization, it's also an intelligence generating information. The secretary hears of sources, people whose lives are at stake, who are helping the United States, moves that we're going to make internationally that can put lives at stake. And most importantly, methods, like signals intelligence. It is saturated with the most important secrets that go through our government. And that's why these inspector generals have raised this flag, I think.
REHMAll right. To Thomasville, Ga. Henry, you're on the air.
HENRYThanks for having me on the show. I just want to bring up the point that (unintelligible) that Hillary Clinton exchanged is classified or not, whatever the status is, I think for me the concern is Hillary Clinton's decision to communicate on a non-secure server as secretary of state is very worrisome. And to do it 60,000 times. I mean it shows poor judgment and -- at base line. I mean, is this the person we want leading the free world? Rather she broke any laws or not, is not a concern of ours. The public will never know. Thirty-thousand of the emails are missing. And I just think, you know, to defend her is ludicrous. It's…
REHMAll right. Thanks for your call. And you're listening to "The Diane Rehm Show." Ellen Tauscher, poor judgment?
TAUSCHERI think that everybody just needs to step back and remember that the secretary's intentions were to have convenience, to communicate with family and friends and use one device. I think that everybody looks back now at that decision, including secretary, and says, for whatever convenience may have been achieved, it created a sense of concern about how some things were managed. And I think it's important that we go forward. I think that these emails being released, you know, is something that the secretary made very clear from the beginning she wanted people to see the emails.
REHMBut the -- if I may, if I may, Ellen Tauscher, the question of poor judgment is really what's on the caller's mind and perhaps on a great many voters' potential voters' minds, her standing with the public has dropped considerably. Now it's below 50 percent. So this concern about judgment is really there.
TUMULTYWell, and…
TAUSCHERI agree with you, Diane. But I think it's important, too, that people remember that, you know, this is in retrospect. And I think that the secretary has made clear that she regrets using one device, having a convenient, you know, private email address and a server. But I think that what's important is that we go through this process. And then we can see what the secretary has to say.
REHMAll right. Karen?
TUMULTYWell, it certainly is showing up in the polls and in the favorability numbers for Secretary Clinton. And I think one reason is that it sort of reinforces what people have seen from her throughout her career, which is this tendency to secrecy. Whether it was refusing to turn over the White Water documents, which, you know, that investigation turned out not to be about a whole lot, but, you know, the fact that she wouldn't give up the documents led to an independent counsel who turned out to be Ken Starr and we all know where that went.
TUMULTYSo there is this sort of characteristic tendency on her part that I think this whole saga, whether you want to call it a scandal, a controversy or nothing at all, is kind of stirring up again.
REHMBut, at the same time, to be fair, Hillary Clinton has been a target from the time she and her husband got to the White House.
TUMULTYAbsolutely. And, again, she, you know, this is clearly how she views this entire thing. She keeps saying that this is just, you know, it's just a political issue, that this is really just all about Benghazi.
REHMWell, we shall see as time goes on, as the FBI, the investigative elements of our government go through this. It's going to be fascinating to see where it goes. Thank you all. Ellen Tauscher, former undersecretary.
TAUSCHERThank you.
REHM…at the State Department. Karen Tumulty, of The Washington Post and Jonathan Turley of the George Washington University's School of Law. And thanks all for listening. I'm Diane Rehm.


As an adult, there is always something that seems to get in the way of being fully organised. These five apps have been carefully designed to save time and minimise your stress levels, organising your day-to-day life so that you don't have to.
On a cold winter's night, there's nothing that you look forward to more than coming home to a cosy house – but when you forget to turn your heating timer on, you're soon disappointed. The Hive Active Heating app controls your heating system remotely, ensuring your home is warm for your arrival.
The Out of Milk app has been designed to eliminate your food shopping mishaps such as your partner buying milk without letting you know or your paper list flying out of your pocket.
Many adults sign up to a gym membership with good intentions, but often the money is wasted as there's not enough hours in the day for a workout. 7 Minute Workout is an app created to offer a flexible approach to exercise, it's great if you're looking to boost your fitness without the annual commitment.
It is based on the popular high intensity training approach, with 12 exercises to complete in 30 second intervals. It can be used on your lunch break or before work.
The Evernote Scannable app helps you make sense of all your paperwork to avoid the tedious chore of battling through all your documents to look for one receipt. Simply scan them via your smartphone camera and create a digital bank of information.
It is also handy for networking. Using your camera as a scanner, you can scan a business card and it automatically creates a contact for that person.
Most people aspire to set more money aside and invest effectively, however it can be difficult to manage your funds alongside a busy schedule. True Potential Investor is an app that lets you manage your money and investments better.
Created by ISA and personal pension provider True Potential Investor, the self-directed investment service allows you to set goals, work out how much you'll need to achieve it and invest your cash direct from the app. You can select from a range of investment portfolios with differing levels of risk to help you meet your goals*.


Enter to win a Younique 3D Fiber Lash Mascara. Yes LongIslandParents.com is giving away the #1 best selling 3D Mascara!
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Share!, Share!, Share! on Facebook, Twitter or any other social media sites below.
Contest ends April 30th and winner will be notified by e-mail.


Since joining Pappageorge Haymes Partners (PH) in 2005, Jon has worked as an architect and project manager on a diversity of the firm's most visible work. Recent award-winning projects on which he served as lead project architect include; the 65th Infantry Borinqueneers Apartments, an innovative affordable housing development designed to re-integrate at-risk veterans with their families and the community; The Stewart School Lofts, the renovation and conversion of the landmark Graeme-Stewart Elementary School (c.1907) to residential apartments, and most recently; the Park West Cooperative Nursery School, the adaptive re-use of a 3-story Victorian (c.1896) single-family home to a nursery school that accommodates sixty children and administrative space.
Jon's core experience in adaptive re-use and historic preservation may also be seen in such celebrated projects as; Metropolitan Tower (310 S. Michigan Avenue), the historic redevelopment that transformed an obsolete office building into a residential mixed-use complex along the city's Michigan Avenue "street wall" fronting Grant and Millennium parks; The Pomeroy Apartments, the LEED® Platinum renovation of a 1920's limestone and masonry building for the Chicago Housing Authority's flagship senior living center, and; Infinite Apartments, the redevelopment of three historic buildings (including the landmark Steger Building) in Chicago's Loop into a mixed-use student housing and retail complex.
Project involvement outside of Illinois includes; The Collection, a new pedestrian-friendly residential mixed-use district located in Honolulu, Hawaii that includes high-rise, mid-rise, townhouse and commercial building components.
Jon's community involvement includes a nearly fifteen-year tenure as a board member of the Grant Park Advisory Council, where he brought awareness of Open Space, Architecture and Urban Planning to the public by helping to organize symposiums and fostering public debate, leadership, discourse, and resolution on important civic issues.


Please note that many of these links will take you to external sites. Whilst we will try and manage this page, we can't be held responsible for the contents of sites that we don't own. If you feel that any of the links are inappropriate, or you would like us to add a link, please let us know by using the contact form.
Chillaton's pub, The Chichester Arms, is now closed.
Property to Buy - (Rightmove site) What is for sale in the Chillaton area?


text:
Student Texts (17)
(-) Diversity
(-) ID1
Gender & Sexual Identity (8)
(-) Race & Ethnicity (17)
Rights & Activism (6)
A Personal Mission: Sammy Younge Jr.
Although raised in a prosperous and prestigious African-American home in Tuskegee, Ala., Sammy Younge found himself drawn most to the civil rights movement. While the cause cost him his life, his actions and determination helped to transform this Southern city.
Teaching Tolerance Staff
Race & Ethnicity Class
On Emancipation Day in D.C., Two Memorials Tell Very Different Stories
Two memorials have been built in commemoration of Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation-one in 1896 and 1998. And while they both pay tribute to the same event, they depict the African Americans within them in very different lights.
Joe Heim
Identity Diversity Action
Atlanta Compromise 1895
Regarded as one of the most important speeches in American history, it was delivered by Booker T. Washington as a plea for racial cooperation in the South during a time of deep racial prejudice.
The House on Lemon Street
In 1916, one family battled against the unjust laws aimed at immigrants of Japanese ancestry. In doing so, they lent their own voices to the growing chorus of Asian Americans insisting: "We belong here."
My Identity
After growing up in foster care, Ashley, a young Native-American Caucasian woman, converts to Islam in hopes of finding structure in a life where it never existed. However, with that decision comes the risk of losing one of the few biological connections she still has.
Yasmin Mistry
Race & Ethnicity Religion
Why I'm A Racist
A white man writes about his journey to understanding his racial privilege and the "benefit of the doubt" that life has afforded him.
Jeff Cook
Walking with the Wind
In this excerpt from his book, Walking with the Wind, John Lewis describes his involvement in the sit-ins in Nashville, Tenn., in the spring of 1960.
This Land is Ours
"The Ponca's challenge of the U.S. government marked a turning point on the long path of Indian resistance. Increasingly, after Standing Bear v. Cook, the fight for Native rights would shift from the battlefields to the courtrooms of the growing nation."


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text:
Q: jQuery unique objects based on specific object properties I want an array of unique objects, removing duplicate objects which have some specific property values. For example: in the code snippet below, event1 and event2 have same title and same start value, event3 and event4 have same title but different start times.
I want to remove event2 from the object array (as it has same title and start value as event1) but not event4 (as it has only same title).
My code looks like:
var event1 = {id: 1, title: 'ABC', start: '10'};
var event2 = {id: 2, title: 'ABC', start: '10'};
var event3 = {id: 3, title: 'DEF', start: '12'};
var event4 = {id: 4, title: 'DEF', start: '20'};

var a=[];
a.push(event1);
a.push(event2);
a.push(event3);
a.push(event4);

//I tried this, but this code checks for title only.
var titles = [];
var b = [];

$.each(a, function(index, event) {
    if ($.inArray(event.title, titles) === -1) {
      titles.push(event.title);
      b.push(event);
    }
});

console.log(b); //Gives output as [Object { id=1, title="ABC", start="10"}, Object { id=3, title="DEF", start="12"}]
// The right output should be: [Object { id=1, title="ABC", start="10"}, Object { id=3, title="DEF", start="12"}, Object { id=3, title="DEF", start="20"}]

My code above only checks for title. I was unable to make it work for two different properties. Thanks for the help in advance.

A: For documentation, using jQuery:
$.each(a, function(index, event) {
    var events = $.grep(b, function (e) {
        return event.title === e.title &&
            event.start === e.start;
    });
    if (events.length === 0) {
      b.push(event);
    }
});

See demo

A: As a function:
function distinctArrayBy(arr, propName) {
    var result = arr.reduce(function (arr1, e1) {
        var matches = arr1.filter(function (e2) {
            return e1[propName] == e2[propName];
        })
        if (matches.length == 0)
            arr1.push(e1)
        return arr1;
    }, []);

    return result;
}

Distinct by multiple properties:
function distinctArrayBy(arr, propNames) {
    var result = arr.reduce(function (arr1, e1) {
        var matches = arr1.filter(function (e2) {
            var matchResult = true;
            $.each(propNames, function (index, value) {
                matchResult = matchResult && e1[value] == e2[value];
            });
            return matchResult;
        });
        if (matches.length == 0)
            arr1.push(e1)
        return arr1;
    }, []);

    return result;
}

A: Try this:
var event1 = {id: 1, title: 'ABC', start: '10'};
var event2 = {id: 2, title: 'ABC', start: '10'};
var event3 = {id: 3, title: 'DEF', start: '12'};
var event4 = {id: 4, title: 'DEF', start: '20'};

var events = [event1, event2, event3, event4];

var result = events.reduce(function(memo, e1){
  var matches = memo.filter(function(e2){
    return e1.title == e2.title && e1.start == e2.start
  })
  if (matches.length == 0)
    memo.push(e1)
    return memo;
}, [])

console.log(result)


text:
CIP MARKS 45 YEARS OF GLOBAL RESEARCH, INNOVATION
Nearly half a century ago, when CIP was founded, potato collectors in remote regions of Central America traveled for "weeks on end" with dwindling tanks of gas to find new specimens, as Director General Barbara Wells put it in her remarks at CIP's 45th anniversary celebration September 16.
"They traveled to small villages or on horseback when their four-wheeled drive vehicles could go no further to collect the thousands of varieties of tubers that now populate CIP's genebank," she said. "They used local knowledge and their years of experience to gather these treasures of the Incas. One researcher was known to travel on a remote stretch of road when he would tell the driver to stop because he could smell the potatoes. Apparently he was correct in nine out of 10 times."
Dr. Barbara Wells addresses CIP 45th Anniversary attendees.
CIP's first Director General Dr. Richard Sawyer envisioned a regional research and collaboration with researchers around the world to develop new technologies and innovations to improve food security. "He probably never dreamt that one day farmers in the high Andes, the rainforests of Sub-Saharan Africa or the upper Ganges in India would be connected to the world by smart phones or researchers would video conference into scientific meetings," Wells said. "He may not have dreamt that sweetpotato would someday become one of CIP's mandate crops nor would he have thought a CIP scientist, much less three of them would win the World Food Prize for their work on it."
Reflecting back over four and a half decades since CIP's inception, Wells and other notables had much to celebrate, even as they acknowledged the relatively brief span of time CIP has been in existence compared to the long history of potato itself.
Some "8000 years ago, potato domestication began in the Andes and potatoes have been cultivated and thrived there for the subsequent thousands of years, thanks to the work of farmer scientists, who then, as they are now, the true potato guardians or potato arariwas," said Oscar Ortiz, CIP's deputy director for research.
"While the 'papa Arariwa' has tended to be our namesake tuber for thousands of years, CIP has had but 45 years of history in potato's center of biodiversity. Still these 45 years of uninterrupted and very productive research has been for the benefit of Peru, Latin America and the entire world."
Dr. Oscar Ortiz shares thoughts on CIP at 45 years old.
From an early focus on conserving genetic resources to ongoing breeding efforts, CIP has remained at the forefront of research, says Ortiz.
"Our work has put potato and sweetpotato, in particular, as key crops to face the current challenges established in the [UN's] Millennium Development Goals and further expanded up by the Sustainable Development Goals," he said. "We firmly believe that potato and sweetpotato are crops that can reduce poverty and malnutrition, increase income, increase food security, support sustainable intensification and diversification of food systems and promote adaptation to climate change."
Keynote speaker and sweetpotato advocate Nane Annan noted another critical CIP accomplishment of 2016: being awarded the World Food Prize (WFP). Three CIP scientists – Maria Andrade, Jan Low and Robert Mwanga – were named WFP Laureates. "I am certain that the recognition by the World Food Prize Foundation of the benefits of OFSP for food and nutrition security will help extend its reach into the regions where it is most needed," she said.
"Malnutrition, as we know, remains a serious barrier to development, particularly in rural areas in Africa," she went on to say. "It is denying children, communities and nations from reaching their full potential."
Annan became an unofficial OFSP ambassador several years ago, after learning more about the crop's health benefits. "I learned… how it can help the most vulnerable of all – pregnant women, new mothers and children," she said. "I learned that it can grow in poor soils, produce good yields in a short growing period – even under changing weather patterns – and improve revenues along the value chain."
Much work lies ahead, warned CIP's Ortiz, such as figuring out "how to feed a growing population with shrinking resources – less land, less water – and under the threats of climate change that places greater responsibility on the shoulders of agricultural research organizations like [ours]."
"We could not have survived all of these 45 years without you and countless farmers and communities are counting on us to work together to improve their food security and nutrition," he concluded.
Across the world and throughout the year, CIP will be celebrating key events in our history and sharing news about the work ahead. Be sure to follow us on Twitter, Like our Facebook page and visit www.cipotato.org regularly to keep abreast of it all.


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Located in Brooklyn Cultural District Fort Greene, the Gotham Organization's 586-unit Ashland offers residents a wide range of amenities, including a 17,000-square-foot Gotham Market.
M&T Realty Capital Corporation promotes Matthew Hodson to managing director for its Tyson's Corner office.
TruAmerica bets on growing rents in Las Vegas, and Wells Fargo completes a $344.86 million loan pool.


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9th circuit couert appeal butch otter c.l. "butch" otter gay marriage idaho marriage equality pt Nobody Around Here Understands His Potato same-sex marriage supreme court what about the children
Idaho Gov 'Butch' Otter Asks Supreme Court To End Gay Marriage. For The Kids!
Four months after the Supreme Court crammed marriage equality down Idaho's throat, Idaho Gov. C.L. "Butch" Otter is asking the Supreme Court for a do-over. Oh, sure, you might think that when the Court upheld the 9th Circuit's ruling invalidating Idaho's ban on same-sex marriage back in October, that would have settled it, but Gov. Otter thinks the Supremes need to take a whole new look at the case, because Idaho actually has a very compelling reason for not letting people marry in the wrong combinations: It's all about The Children.
Otter apparently is betting that the Supreme Court hasn't thought of The Children, according to the petition filed last week:
"[Idaho's] view of marriage is biologically based and primarily child-centered," the petition reads. "And it holds that the principal (though not exclusive) purpose of marriage is to unite a child to his or her biological mother and father whenever possible, and when not possible, to a mother and father."
"The time has come for this court to resolve a question of critical importance to the States, their citizens and especially their children: Whether the federal Constitution prohibits a State from maintaining the traditional understanding and definition of marriage as between a man and a woman," the petition reads.
Again, you might have thought that the Supreme Court's decision not to overturn the 9th Circuit on that very point meant that the matter was settled, but apparently Otter believes that the point hasn't been adequately considered, since the 9th Circuit's decision was entirely too focused on the alleged "rights" of the actual couples who wanted to get married, not on the hypothetical effects that having two mommies might have on poor Heather. Otter's attorney, Gene Schaerr, explained in the petition that the state ought to be able restrict who can make families, to make sure that society doesn't just go straight to hell:
Otter's main argument is that Idaho believes limiting marriage to opposite-sex couples is better for children, and that states should be able to make that call. He argues that the limit sends a message to heterosexual couples that they should stay together and raise children.
"Removing that definition and replacing it with an 'any two qualified persons' definition will inevitably weaken those child-centric norms," Schaerr wrote. "As a result, more children of heterosexual couples will likely grow up without the active influence of one or both biological parents, and will therefore face an increased risk of crime, emotional and psychological difficulties, poor performance in school and other ills."
Now, sure, the Spokane Spokesman-Review points out that last fall's 9th Circuit decision didn't merely reject that argument, it openly mocked it:
In a much-noted footnote in its October decision, the 9th Circuit's three-judge panel wrote, "We seriously doubt that allowing committed same-sex couples to settle down in legally recognized marriages will drive opposite-sex couples to sex, drugs, and rock-and-roll."
But did the Supreme Court get the chance to weigh in, besides upholding that decision? Maybe they need to think about the children just a little harder next time, or Idaho will be beset by criminal children running amok because their parents have the wrong combination of genitals. Lord knows Idaho's heterosexual parents really need some encouragement these days, what with their two-year-olds straight-up gunning mommy down at Walmart.
[ThinkProgress / Spokesman-Review]


Currently there haven't been any notable Chase Manhattan concerts or tours released for the United States. Sign up for our Concert Tracker to get notified when Chase Manhattan performances have been unveiled to the lineup. For announcements regarding Chase Manhattan shows, follow us on Twitter @ConcertFix. In the meantime, check out other Techno / Electronic performances coming up by Gibbz, Dave Ross, and Midnight Tyrannosaurus.
Chase Manhattan came on to the Techno / Electronic scene with the appearance of tour album "Hands Up", published on N/A. The song instantly became a success and made Chase Manhattan one of the top emerging great concerts to attend. After the release of "Hands Up", Chase Manhattan announced "100 Ministry of Sound - Tracks & Mixes of the Year" on N/A. Its fair to say that "100 Ministry of Sound - Tracks & Mixes of the Year" was not amongst the more popular tour albums, although the track did get a resonable amount of circulation and is a crowd pleaser at every concert. Chase Manhattan has published 6 more tour albums since "100 Ministry of Sound - Tracks & Mixes of the Year". With over 0 years of albums, Chase Manhattan best tour album has been "Hands Up" and some of the best concert songs have been , , and .
Chase Manhattan concert schedule has just been released.
Tour schedules for all Chase Manhattan concerts are updated on a regular basis.
Tour dates for Chase Manhattan can be found on this page.
Tickets for the approaching Chase Manhattan concert are on sale.
Chase Manhattan may come to a city near you. Check out the Chase Manhattan schedule on this page and click the ticket icon to see our big selection of tickets. Look through our selection of Chase Manhattan front row tickets, luxury boxes and VIP tickets. As soon as you find the Chase Manhattan tickets you need, you can purchase your tickets from our safe and secure checkout. Orders taken before 5pm are normally shipped within the same business day. To purchase last minute Chase Manhattan tickets, check out the eTickets that can be downloaded instantly.


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Rediscovered Beach Boys archive comes to auction with $10m price tag
With a $10m estimate, what is being billed as the most important single lot of rock and pop memorabilia ever to come up for auction goes on view in London on April 18.
The extraordinary story of how the handwritten lyrics, music, copyright documents, photographs, letters and contracts for more than 150 songs by The Beach Boys, including their biggest hits, came to be on the open market is as fascinating as the items themselves.
The cache of documents came to light during a blind auction at a storage facility in Florida in 2000. It is not clear how they came to be there, but it is thought they were deposited in the early 1980s.
Their subsequent sale led to years of legal dispute - now happily settled, with all parties remaining silent on the details. Importantly, this means they can now be offered by The Fame Bureau with clear title as a single lot in a sealed bid auction running from April 15 to May 15.
Lucrative Catalogue
Alan Boyd, Beach Boys archivist and co-producer of the band's The Smile Sessions box set for Capitol Records, said: "When these documents were first created back in the 1960s and '70s, there was no thought that these items would some day tell an important part of the story of one of the most impressive - not to mention lucrative - catalogues in the history of popular music.
"With hindsight, historical artefacts like Brian Wilson and Mike Love's signatures on the original songwriter agreements for their 1968 classic Do It Again, for example, or the original publisher's lead sheet for Help Me, Rhonda, or even the Beach Boys' own copy of the Library of Congress copyright certificate for Good Vibrations, take on a significance that the people who generated them could scarcely have dreamed of back in the early 1960s."
Now, the Fame Bureau's chief executive, Ted Owen, who has dedicated years to bringing the sale about, will put the collection on display in New York on April 15 and then at the Hard Rock Café in London on April 18 from 11am-1pm.
He estimated that a similar archive of Beatles material would command a price of $50m-100m.
Space photos star in the saleroom
Amati violin hits the right note at inaugural auction
Sale date set for the stolen Stradivarius
George Harrison's jacket tops The Beatles lots at Bonhams
A case in point


This post was updated on April 25, 2017 to reflect most recent figures.
Mouse over or tap a bar in the chart to see the figures for that year.
Arkansas conducted a rare double execution on Monday, putting to death two inmates by lethal injection within hours of one another. The state conducted its first capital punishment in 12 years last week and has a fourth scheduled for Thursday, just days before one of the drugs used in its lethal injections expires.
Capital punishment has become increasingly controversial over the past several years due to legal challenges over the use of a sedative that has led to several botched execution attempts, including one in Arizona in July of 2015 and a similar one in Oklahoma earlier that year. Both incidents were quick to throw the prevailing method of execution in the United States into turmoil.
Data for historical executions through 1976 are derived from research conducted by M. Watt Espy and John Ortiz Smykla. Data since the end of the hiatus come from the Death Penalty Information Center.
—Emily Maltby and Lon Tweeten contributed reporting to this story. The source code for this project is available on Time's GitHub page.


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No. 8 Ohio State pins No. 24 Michigan State back, 26-6
Posted 4:01 PM, November 10, 2018, by James Gemmell
EAST LANSING, Mich. (AP) — Drue Chrisman kept Michigan State pinned back with a sensational second half of punting, and eighth-ranked Ohio State eventually pulled away for a 26-6 victory over the 24th-ranked Spartans on Saturday.
In a tight defensive struggle, the Buckeyes (9-1, 6-1 Big Ten, No. 10 CFP) enjoyed a huge advantage in field position during the second half. Chrisman's punts forced Michigan State (6-4, 4-3, No. 18) to start its first five drives after halftime from its own 5, 6, 3, 1 and 2-yard line.
On the fourth of those possessions, the Spartans had to punt from their own end zone. They took a safety that appeared intentional, giving Ohio State a 9-6 lead, but that did little to help flip the field position. The ensuing free kick went out of bounds, giving the Buckeyes the ball at the 50, and then Chrisman pinned Michigan State back again.
Ohio State capitalized on that punt when a shotgun snap by Michigan State hit the man in motion. Dre'Mont Jones recovered the fumble for the Buckeyes in the end zone, giving Ohio State a 16-6 advantage.
Rocky Lombardi #12 of the Michigan State Spartans throws a second half pass while playing the Ohio State Buckeyes at Spartan Stadium on November 10, 2018 in East Lansing, Michigan. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)
Both offenses found the going tough. Michigan State was 2 for 16 on third down. The Spartans used both Brian Lewerke and Rocky Lombardi at quarterback but never reached the end zone.
Chrisman's day actually started in embarrassing fashion when his first punt went for only 4 yards, but Michigan State couldn't take advantage. Ohio State opened the scoring late in the second quarter on a 1-yard pass from Dwayne Haskins to Parris Campbell. It was 7-3 at halftime.
The Spartans had a third-quarter touchdown called back for a penalty. They settled for a field goal on that drive to make it 7-6, but that was as close as they got.
Ohio State: This was likely the Buckeyes' toughest remaining challenge before a late-November showdown with Michigan. Ohio State remains very much in contention for the Big Ten title after shutting down Michigan State's offense and winning the special teams battle. The Buckeyes have won seven straight road games in this series.
Michigan State: Lombardi appeared to give the Spartans a spark late in the first half, but Michigan State's offense couldn't sustain any momentum, thanks in part to all the bad field position. The Spartans' top-ranked run defense looked the part, but they weren't able to move the ball well enough.
POLL IMPLICATIONS
Michigan State will likely drop out of the Top 25, while Ohio State will hope a solid win on the road will impress the voters and the playoff committee.
Ohio State: The Buckeyes face Maryland next Saturday in their final road game of the season.
Michigan State: The Spartans also play their last road game, at Nebraska.
More AP college football: https://apnews.com/Collegefootball and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25
Filed in: News, Sports
Michigan State falls to Texas Tech in NCAA semifinals, 61-51
Cameron Martinez ready to cross the border to play for Ohio State
Morning Buzz: 5 things to know for June 18
Michigan beats Texas Tech 5-3 in its 1st CWS game since 1984
Vanderbilt wins 2nd national title, beating Michigan 8-2
Traverse City named top Lake Beach Town in U.S.; Holland ranks #4
Michigan makes CWS finals with 15-3 win over Texas Tech
Vanderbilt beats Michigan, 4-1, forces title-deciding Game 3
Eastern Michigan hotel is free to anyone traveling for an abortion
High court's ruling shifts gerrymandering focus to states
Flawless Simona Halep beats Serena Williams to win 1st Wimbledon
15-year-old Coco Gauff still unfazed, unbeaten at Wimbledon
GOP states discover a tax hike they have to like: for roads


So without going into all the ways that data might be skewed, or partial, or incorrectly interpreted, let's just acknowledge that science is constantly having to correct its assumptions because of new discoveries.
This is why I've never gotten adamant about either side of the climate change debate. While the Keeling curve that Al Gore used to demonstrate our impact on the climate shows increasing CO2 since 1958, charts like this one show the rise and fall of CO2 and temperatures over the last 800,000 years. While the two look like they're correlated to me (at least in that chart), this seems to suggest that this has been going on long before modern technology, unless Atlantis, Lemuria, and plenty of other lost civilizations were the causes of past rises in CO2.
And all of this assumes we're measuring the past correctly, doesn't it?
So for Earth Day 2014, I talked about it from a different angle: we don't need to prove whether pollution is or isn't creating climate change to show that it's a bad idea. Because either way, it's just a bad idea to live in one's own filth. I used a hot tub as an analogy, pointing out that no one would sit in a hot tub with someone else debating whether the temperature had just raised a degree, or whose fault it was, if one of the people had just gone to the bathroom in the tub. They'd just be scrambling to get out.
Only when Earth is our hot tub, we don't have an easy way to get out of the tub!
Part of the problem is the Democrats' conflation of "pollution" (a genuine problem) with "climate change" (a natural phenomenon quite beyond mankind's ability to control).
So I wonder what would happen with the environmental movement if the message changed. Right now it's saying, "Hey, something bad is going to happen in the future" (something people never seem to act on) "if you keep polluting your world. Water levels will rise and such." What if the message became, "Eww, dudes ... you're swimming in your own filth. No wonder you're suffering from so much disease!"
What do you think? Would it matter? Would we care enough to invest more in a clean world? Or are we already investing quickly enough?


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Justia Trademarks Categories Electrical and scientific apparatus ONEWORLD - Trademark Details
ONEWORLD - Trademark Details
Status: 681 - Publication/Issue Review Complete
681 - Publication/Issue Review Complete
4000 - Standard character mark Typeset
NEHMER, JASON ROBERT
Downloadable films and movies featuring people from around the world provided via a video-on-demand service; Downloadable films and television programs featuring people from around the world provided via a video-on-demand service; Downloadable video recordings featuring people from around the world; Downloadable educational media, namely, films and audio recordings featuring people from around the world; Downloadable image file containing artwork, text, audio, video, games and Internet Web links relating to sporting and cultural activities; Digital media, namely, pre-recorded video cassettes, digital video discs, digital versatile discs, downloadable audio and video recordings, DVDs, and high definition digital discs featuring people from around the world; Digital media, namely, pre-recorded DVDs, downloadable audio and video recordings, and CDs featuring and promoting people from around the world; Motion picture films about people from around the world; Motion picture films featuring children's entertainment; Visual and audio recordings featuring people from around the world
009 - Scientific, nautical, surveying, electric, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers, calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus. - Scientific, nautical, surveying, electric, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers, calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus.
Golden Films Finance Corporation IV
2021-05-04 NEW APPLICATION ENTERED IN TRAM
2021-08-19 NON-FINAL ACTION WRITTEN
2021-08-19 NON-FINAL ACTION E-MAILED
2021-08-19 NOTIFICATION OF NON-FINAL ACTION E-MAILED
2022-01-05 TEAS RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION RECEIVED
2022-01-10 ASSIGNED TO LIE
2022-01-10 CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED IN LAW OFFICE
2022-01-10 TEAS/EMAIL CORRESPONDENCE ENTERED
2022-01-12 LAW OFFICE PUBLICATION REVIEW COMPLETED


There's been so many changes in our lives over the past few years, but it's still a great blessing to have a new baby in the house. Arthur Henry was born January 8th 2014 and all is well with everyone. Elmer is being a great big brother. Anali has recovered from the birth and is doing great. And, little Arthur is sleeping and eating well. I really can't imagine it going any better than it is. We are truly blessed.
Even so, changes had to be made with my schedule. I was anticipating this, but it is still hard to do. So, after we do two more performances in February I am sad to say that I am resigning as director of the Sunland Singers. Something had to go, and after much deliberation I decided I couldn't keep directing that choir. I really enjoyed working with all of them for the past three years.
Anyway, I'm glad that I will be able to keep all my other gigs. I am grateful to everyone I work with for being flexible and willing to let me adjust my schedule as needed.


2 IPOs on deck this week. Secondaries on deck this week, none of note.In After Hours Trading: none of note.
U.S. futures: S&P +7.50, Dow Jones +71, NDX +23.5 and Russell 2000 +6.50 with fair value lower. Asia and Europe higher.Copper higher with silver and gold higher. WTI Crude and Brent Oil Futures lower. Natural Gas is higher. $ is higher vs Euro, lower vs. Pound and higher vs. Yen. US 10 year Treasury yield at 1.40% yield +4, one month change -24 and -100 one year change. Prices as of 7:55 a.m. EDT.
Earnings due after the close (by avg. trade volume): AA.Due Tuesday morning (by avg. trade volume descending): FAST.
Bloomberg: Japan moved higher on election results. The Bank of England has a big week ahead with a meeting on Thursday and a public appearance by Mark Carney on Friday. Big banks see bond rally done and move to commodities.
Reported Earnings This Morning (Best to Worst absolute beats/misses [+.02 or greater/-.02 or worse]): OZRK +.01.Lower Guidance: .
Yesterday saw 2697 stocks rise and 338 fall on the NYSE. NASDAQ saw 2386 rise and 486 fall.
YTD 4112 stocks are higher for 2016 and 2472 are lower. Updated 6/10/16 close.
Releases of note this week include the weekly chain store sales, oil/gas numbers, mortgage applications and Beige Book, PPI, retail sales, CPI, industrial production and Michigan Sentiment.
Kansas City Federal Reserve President Esther George speaks about the economy at 9:00 a.m. EDT. Monday also sees Federal Reserve Cleveland President Loretta Mester speak at 9:30 p.m. EDT.


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Nick Jonas reveals he cracked a rib during a biking accident
Emma Watson breaks social media silence to respond to clickbait engagement rumors
https://www.instagram.com/p/CO_uWCwDXIM/
Singer Nick Jonas returned to The Voice for the live semi-finals Monday night (May. 17, 2021), following a reported on-set accident and subsequent hospitalization late Saturday night (May. 15, 2021).
At the start of the new episode of The Voice, host Carson Daly turned to the Jonas Brothers star to address recent reports about his accident. "Before we get started, let's just turn to our friend, Nick Jonas. How are you feeling, buddy?" Carson asked.
While it isn't known what project Nick was working on, the youngest Jonas Brother did reveal what injuries he sustained and how he did it, when he shared, "I'm feeling okay. I've been better, but I'm doing alright. Cracked rib from a spill on a bike and a few other bumps and bruises, but I just want to go ahead and say that in case I'm not as physically enthusiastic as I usually am."
Jonas then joked, "Blake, please don't make me laugh too much, because it kind of hurts a lot." Blake Shelton replied, "You're just trying to get sympathy votes on the show."
Nick responded by saying: "It's a big, elaborate plan."
Daly ended the segment with a sincere message to Jonas, saying, "Well, we're glad you're okay. We're glad you're here. It means a lot to your team."
Nick added, "Yeah, me too, for sure. Glad to be here. Can't wait to cheer on Team Nick and all the other teams. I'm really happy I'm here today."
TMZ was the first to break the news of Jonas's injury late Saturday night and his (brief) hospitalization. Jonas, who has now been with the singing competition series for two nonconsecutive seasons, reportedly injured himself while on set.
DISCLAIMER: We only feature things that we love. If you buy something through our posts, we may get a small share of the sale.
Nick Jonas The Voice
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KJ Apa, Jake Picking, Cristiano Ronaldo, and more Insta Snaps
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Rachel Bilson apologises to former The O.C. co-star


Surname meanings can be one of the first clues to the origin, profession or family history of your forefathers. Unlocking the meanings of the surnames is not as difficult as you might think.
The surname is the family name of an individual. In most cultures the surname is passed down from the father, and it may be placed at the end or the beginning of the names of the sons and daughters. For example, in European cultures the surname is typically the last name in a string of names such as John Joseph Adams Miller. This is in contrast to many Asian cultures where the surname is spoken as the first word in a person's name such as Yang Winsom.
Surnames have been passed down through the generations. The way the surname evolved was different in the various parts of the world.
Asian historical writings and stories show us that the Chinese were one of the first cultures to adopt surnames. For the past 5,000 years or so, Chinese families have carried unique family surnames and passed them down through the generations.
Europe didn't adopt surnames until the tenth or eleventh century with the families of nobility and gentry. The surname eventually spread to all classes of people in Europe.
African and Middle Eastern surnames were frequently derived from the name of the community in which the person lived. Frequently the surname was enlarged or enhanced to describe the status or occupation of the person.
There may have been no specific spelling of the name, leaving people to interpret the spelling on their own.
The spelling of the name could have been changed as clerks and record keepers entered the name they heard, spelling it in a way which they felt was appropriate.
YourDictionary - This easy-to-use online dictionary includes the etymology (origin) of the most common surnames.
Ancestor Search - You can quickly initiate your search by selecting the first letter of the surname to search the etymology of European, Hispanic and Chinese last names.
Family Education - After entering a last name, the system will search its database for the meaning, history and ethnic origin of your surname.
Yutopian - This website provides a software program which you can download to determine the origin of a Chinese family name. The software also provides a feature which enables you to search for the English spelling of a Chinese name.
The meaning of a surname can provide a clue to information about your ancestors. The meanings are relatively easy to find and can be an excellent asset to a genealogy project or an adult's or child's family history project.