The period is from A.D. 1157 to 1161. – L.
Hakon, King Sigurd's son, was chosen chief of the troop which had followed King Eystein, and his adherents gave him the title of king. He was ten years old. At that time he had with him Sigurd, a son of Halvard Hauld of Reyr, and Andreas and Onund, the sons of Simon, his foster-brothers, and many chiefs, friends of King Sigurd and King Eystein; and they went first up to Gautland. King Inge took possession of all the estates they had left behind, and declared them banished. Thereafter King Inge went to Viken, and was sometimes also in the north of the country. Gregorius Dagson was in Konungahella, where the danger was greatest, and had beside him a strong and handsome body of men, with which he defended the country.
The summer after (A.D. 1158) Hakon came with his men, and proceeded to Konungahella with a numerous and handsome troop. Gregorius was then in the town, and summoned the bondes and townspeople to a great Thing, at which he desired their aid; but he thought the people did not hear him with much favour, so he did not much trust them. Gregorius set off with two ships to Viken, and was very much cast down. He expected to meet King Inge there, having heard he was coming with a great army to Viken. Now when Gregorius had come but a short way north he met Simon Skalp, Haldor Brynjolfson, and Gyrd Amundason, King Inge's foster-brothers. Gregorius was much delighted at this meeting, and turned back with them, being all in one body, with eleven ships. As they were rowing up to Konungahella, Hakon, with his followers, was holding a Thing without the town, and saw their approach; and Sigurd of Reyr said, "Gregorius must be fey to be throwing himself with so few men into our hands." Gregorius landed opposite the town to wait for King Inge, for he was expected, but he did not come. King Hakon put himself in order in the town, and appointed Thorliot Skaufaskalle, who was a viking and a robber, to be captain of the men in the merchant ships that were afloat in the river; and King Hakon and Sigurd were within the town, and drew up the men on the piers, for all the townspeople had submitted to King Hakon.
Gregorius rowed up the river, and let the ship drive down with the stream against Thorliot. They shot at each other a while, until Thorliot and his comrades jumped overboard; and some of them were killed, some escaped to the land. Then Gregorius rowed to the piers, and let a gangway be cast on shore at the very feet of Hakon's men. There the man who carried his banner was slain, just as he was going to step on shore. Gregorius ordered Hal, a son of Audun Halson, to take up the banner, which he did, and bore the banner up to the pier. Gregorius followed close after him, held his shield over his head, and protected him as well as himself. As soon as Gregorius came upon the pier, and Hakon's men knew him, they gave way, and made room for him on every side. Afterwards more people landed from the ships, and then Gregorius made a severe assault with his men; and Hakon's men first moved back, and then ran up into the town. Gregorius pursued them eagerly, drove them twice from the town, and killed many of them. By the report of all men, never was there so glorious an affair as this of Gregorius; for Hakon had more than 4000 men, and Gregorius not full 400. After the battle, Gregorius said to Hal Audunson, "Many men, in my opinion, are more agile in battle than ye Icelanders are, for ye are not so exercised as we Norwegians; but none, I think, are so bold under arms as ye are." King Inge came up soon after, and killed many of the men who had taken part with Hakon; made some pay heavy fines, burnt the houses of some, and some he drove out of the country, or treated otherwise very ill. Hakon fled at first up to Gautland with all his men; but the winter after (A.D. 1159), he proceeded by the upper road to Throndhjem, and came there before Easter. The Throndhjem people received him well, for they had always served under that shield. It is said that the Throndhjem people took Hakon as king, on the terms that he should have from Inge the third part of Norway as his paternal heritage. King Inge and Gregorius were in Viken, and Gregorius wanted to make an expedition against the party in the north; but it came to nothing that winter, as many dissuaded from it.
King Hakon left Throndhjem in spring with thirty ships nearly; and some of his men sailed before the rest with seven ships, and plundered in North and South More. No man could remember that there ever before had been plundering between the two towns (Bergen and Nidaros). Jon the son of Halkel Huk collected the bondes in arms, and proceeded against them; took Kolbein Ode prisoner, killed every woman's son of them in his ship. Then they searched for the others, found them all assembled in seven ships, and fought with them; but his father Halkel not coming to his assistance as he had promised, many good bondes were killed, and Jon himself was wounded. Hakon proceeded south to Bergen with his forces; but when he came to Stiornvelta, he heard that King Inge and Gregorius had arrived a few nights before from the east at Bergen, and therefore he did not venture to steer thither. They sailed the outer course southwards past Bergen, and met three ships of King Inge's fleet, which had been outsailed on the voyage from the east. On board of them were Gyrd Amundason, King Inge's foster-brother, who was married to Gyrid a sister of Gregorius, and also lagman Gyrd Gunhildson, and Havard Klining. King Hakon had Gyrd Amundason and Havard Klining put to death; but took lagman Gyrd southwards, and then proceeded east to Viken.
When King Inge heard of this he sailed east after them, and they met east in the Gaut river. King Inge went up the north arm of the river, and sent out spies to get news of Hakon and his fleet; but he himself landed at Hising, and waited for his spies. Now when the spies came back they went to the king, and said that they had seen King Hakon's forces, and all his ships which lay at the stakes in the river, and Hakon's men had bound the stems of their vessels to them. They had two great East-country trading vessels, which they had laid outside of the fleet, and on both these were built high wooded stages (castles). When King Inge heard the preparations they had made, he ordered a trumpet to call a House-thing of all the men; and when the Thing was seated he asked his men for counsel, and applied particularly to Gregorius Dagson, his brother-in-law Erling Skakke, and other lendermen and ship-commanders, to whom he related the preparations of Hakon and his men.
Then Gregorius Dagson replied first, and made known his mind in the following words: – "Sometimes we and Hakon have met, and generally they had the most people; but, notwithstanding, they fell short in battle against us. Now, on the other hand, we have by far the greatest force; and it will appear probable to the men who a short time ago lost gallant relations by them, that this will be a good occasion to get vengeance, for they have fled before us the greater part of the summer; and we have often said that if they waited for us, as appears now to be the case, we would have a brush with them. Now I will tell my opinion, which is, that I will engage them, if it be agreeable to the king's pleasure; for I think it will go now as formerly, that they must give way before us if we attack them bravely; and I shall always attack where others may think it most difficult."
The speech was received with much applause, and all declared they were ready to engage in battle against Hakon. Then they rowed with all the ships up the river, until they came in sight of each other, and then King Inge turned off from the river current under the island. Now the king addressed the lendermen again, and told them to get ready for battle. He turned himself especially to Erling Skakke, and said, what was true, that no man in the army had more understanding and knowledge in fighting battles, although some were more hot. The king then addressed himself to several of the lendermen, speaking to them by name; and ended by desiring that each man should make his attack where he thought it would be of advantage, and thereafter all would act together.
Erling Skakke replied thus to the king's speech: "It is my duty, sire, not to be silent; and I shall give my advice, since it is desired. The resolution now adopted is contrary to my judgment; for I call it foolhardy to fight under these circumstances, although we have so many and such fine men. Supposing we make an attack on them, and row up against this river-current; then one of the three men who are in each half room must be employed in rowing only, and another must be covering with the shield the man who rows; and what have we then to fight with but one third of our men? It appears to me that they can be of little use in the battle who are sitting at their oars with their backs turned to the enemy. Give me now some time for consideration, and I promise you that before three days are over I shall fall upon some plan by which we can come into battle with advantage."
It was evident from Erling's speech that he dissuaded from an attack; but, notwithstanding, it was urged by many who thought that Hakon would now, as before, take to the land. "And then," said they, "we cannot get hold of him; but now they have but few men, and we have their fate in our own hands."
Gregorius said but little; but thought that Erling rather dissuaded from an attack that Gregorius's advice should have no effect, than that he had any better advice to give.
Then said King Inge to Erling, "Now we will follow thy advice, brother, with regard to the manner of attacking; but seeing how eager our counsellors are for it, we shall make the attack this day."
Erling replied, "All the boats and light vessels we have should row outside the island, and up the east arm of the river, and then down with the stream upon them, and try if they cannot cut them loose from the piles. Then we, with the large ships, shall row from below here against them; and I cannot tell until it be tried, if those who are now so furiously warm will be much brisker at the attack than I am."
This counsel was approved by all. There was a ness stretched out between their fleet and Hakon's, so that they could not see each other. Now when Hakon and his men, who had taken counsel with each other in a meeting, saw the boat-squadron rowing down the river, some thought King Inge intended to give them battle; but many believed they did not dare, for it looked as if the attack was given up; and they, besides, were very confident, both in their preparations and men. There were many great people with Hakon: there were Sigurd of Reyr, and Simon's sons; Nikolas Skialdvarson; Eindride, a son of Jon Mornef, who was the most gallant and popular man in the Throndhjem country; and many other lendermen and warriors. Now when they saw that King Inge's men with many ships were rowing out of the river, Hakon and his men believed they were going to fly; and therefore they cut their land-ropes with which they lay fast at the piles, seized their oars, and rowed after them in pursuit. The ships ran fast down with the stream; but when they came further down the river, abreast of the ness, they saw King Inge's main strength lying quiet at the island Hising. King Inge's people saw Hakon's ships under way, and believed they were coming to attack them; and now there was great bustle and clash of arms, and they encouraged each other by a great war-shout. Hakon with his fleet turned northwards a little to the land, where there was a turn in the bight of the river, and where there was no current. They made ready for battle, carried land-ropes to the shore, turned the stems of their ships outwards, and bound them all together. They laid the large East-country traders without the other vessels, the one above, the other below, and bound them to the long-ships. In the middle of the fleet lay the king's ship, and next to it Sigurd's; and on the other side of the king's ship lay Nikolas, and next to him Endride Jonson. All the smaller ships lay farther off, and they were all nearly loaded with weapons and stones.
Then Sigurd of Reyr made the following speech: "Now there is hope that the time is come which has been promised us all the summer, that we shall meet King Inge in battle. We have long prepared ourselves for this; and many of our comrades have boasted that they would never fly from or submit to King Inge and Gregorius, and now let them remember their words. But we who have sometimes got the toothache in our conflicts with them, speak less confidently; for it has happened, as all have heard, that we very often have come off without glory. But, nevertheless, it is now necessary to fight manfully, and stand to it with steadiness; for the only escape for us is in victory. Although we have somewhat fewer men than they, yet luck determines which side shall have the advantage, and God knows that the right is on our side. Inge has killed two of his brothers; and it is obvious to all men that the mulct he intends to pay King Hakon for his father's murder is to murder him also, as well as his other relations, which will be seen this day to be his intent. King Hakon desired from the beginning no more of Norway than the third part, which his father had possessed, and which was denied him; and yet, in my opinion, King Hakon has a better right to inherit after his father's brother, King Eystein, than Inge or Simon Skalp, or the other men who killed King Eystein. Many of them who would save their souls, and yet have defiled their hands with such bloody deeds as Inge has done, must think it a presumption before God that he takes the name of king; and I wonder God suffers such monstrous wickedness as his; but it may be God's will that we shall now put him down. Let us fight then manfully, and God will give us victory; and, if we fall, will repay us with joys unspeakable for now allowing the might of the wicked to prevail over us. Go forth then in confidence, and be not afraid when the battle begins. Let each watch over his own and his comrade's safety, and God protect us all." There went a good report abroad of this speech of Sigurd, and all promised fairly, and to do their duty. King Hakon went on board of the great East-country ship, and a shield-bulwark was made around him; but his standard remained on the long-ship in which it had been before.
Now must we tell about King Inge and his men. When they saw that King Hakon and his people were ready for battle, and the river only was between them, they sent a light vessel to recall the rest of the fleet which had rowed away; and in the meantime the king waited for them, and arranged the troops for the attack. Then the chiefs consulted in presence of the army, and told their opinions; first, which ships should lie nearest to the enemy; and then where each should attack.
Gregorius spoke thus: "We have many and fine men; and it is my advice, King Inge, that you do not go to the assault with us, for everything is preserved if you are safe. And no man knows where an arrow may hit, even from the hands of a bad bowman; and they have prepared themselves so, that missiles and stones can be thrown from the high stages upon the merchant ships, so that there is less danger for those who are farthest from them. They have not more men than we lendermen can very well engage with. I shall lay my ship alongside their largest ship, and I expect the conflict between us will be but short; for it has often been so in our former meetings, although there has been a much greater want of men with us than now." All thought well of the advice that the king himself should not take part in the battle.
Then Erling Skakke said, "I agree also to the counsel that you, sire, should not go into the battle. It appears to me that their preparations are such, that we require all our precaution not to suffer a great defeat from them; and whole limbs are the easiest cured. In the council we held before to-day many opposed what I said, and ye said then that I did not want to fight; but now I think the business has altered its appearance, and greatly to our advantage, since they have hauled off from the piles, and now it stands so that I do not dissuade from giving battle; for I see, what all are sensible of, how necessary it is to put an end to this robber band who have gone over the whole country with pillage and destruction, in order that people may cultivate the land in peace, and serve a king so good and just as King Inge who has long had trouble and anxiety from the haughty unquiet spirit of his relations, although he has been a shield of defence for the whole people, and has been exposed to manifold perils for the peace of the country." Erling spoke well and long, and many other chiefs also; and all to the same purpose – all urging to battle. In the meantime they waited until all the fleet should be assembled. King Inge had the ship Baekisudin; and, at the entreaty of his friends, he did not join the battle, but lay still at the island.
When the army was ready they rowed briskly against the enemy, and both sides raised a war-shout. Inge's men did not bind their ships together, but let them be loose; for they rowed right across the current, by which the large ships were much swayed. Erling Skakke laid his ship beside King Hakon's ship, and ran the stem between his and Sigurd's ship, by which the battle began. But Gregorius's ship swung upon the ground, and heeled very much over, so that at first she could not come into the battle; and when Hakon's men saw this they laid themselves against her, and attacked Gregorius's ship on all sides. Ivar, Hakon Mage's son, laid his ship so that the stems struck together; and he got a boat-hook fastened on Gregorius, on that part of his body where the waist is smallest, and dragged him to him, by which Gregorius stumbled against the ship's rails; but the hook slipped to one side, or Gregorius would have been dragged over-board. Gregorius, however, was but little wounded, for he had on a plate coat of armour. Ivar called out to him, that he had a "thick bark." Gregorius replied, that if Ivar went on so he would "require it all, and not have too much." It was very near then that Gregorius and his men had sprung overboard; but Aslak Unge threw an anchor into their ship, and dragged them off the ground. Then Gregorius laid himself against Ivar's ship, and they fought a long while; but Gregorius's ship being both higher sided and more strongly manned, many people fell in Ivar's ship, and some jumped overboard. Ivar was so severely wounded that he could not take part in the fight. When his ship was cleared of the men, Gregorius let Ivar be carried to the shore, so that he might escape; and from that time they were constant friends.
Men fall upon the slippery deck – Men roll off from the blood-drenched wreck; Dead bodies float down with the stream, And from the shores witch-ravens scream. The cold blue river now runs red With the warm blood of warriors dead, And stains the waves in Karmt Sound With the last drops of the death-wound.
All down the stream, with unmann'd prow, Floats many an empty long-ship now, Ship after ship, shout after shout, Tell that Kign Hakon can't hold out. The bowmen ply their bows of elm, The red swords flash o'er broken helm: King Hakon's men rush to the strand, Out of their ships, up through the land.
Einar composed a song about Gregorius Dagson, which is called the River-song. King Inge granted life and peace to Nikolas Skialdvarson when his ship was deserted, and thereupon he went into King Inge's service, and remained in it as long as the king lived. Eindride Jonson leaped on board of King Inge's ship when his own was cleared of men, and begged for his life. King Inge wished to grant it; but Havard Klining's son ran up, and gave him a mortal wound, which was much blamed; but he said Eindride had been the cause of his father's death. There was much lamentation at Eindride's death, but principally in the Throndhjem district. Many of Hakon's people fell here, but not many chiefs. Few of King Inge's people fell, but many were wounded. King Hakon fled up the country, and King Inge went north to Viken with his troops; and he, as well as Gregorius, remained in Viken all winter (A.D. 1160). When King Inge's men, Bergliot and his brothers, sons of Ivar of Elda, came from the battle to Bergen, they slew Nickolas Skeg, who had been Hakon's treasurer, and then went north to Throndhjem.
King Hakon came north before Yule, and Sigurd was sometimes home at Reyr; for Gregorius, who was nearly related to Sigurd, had obtained for him life and safety from King Inge, so that he retained all his estates. King Hakon was in the merchant-town of Nidaros in Yule; and one evening in the beginning of Yule his men fought in the room of the court, and in this affray eight men were killed, and many were wounded. The eighth day of Yule, King Hakon's man Alf Rode, son of Ottar Birting, with about eighty men, went to Elda, and came in the night unexpectedly on the people, who were very drunk, and set fire to the room; but they went out, and defended themselves bravely. There fell Bergliot, Ivar's son, and Ogmund, his brother, and many more. They had been nearly thirty altogether in number. In winter died, north in the merchant-town, Andres Simonson, King Hakon's foster- brother; and his death was much deplored. Erling Skakke and Inge's men, who were in Bergen, threatened that in winter they would proceed against Hakon and his men; but it came to nothing. Gregorius sent word from the east, from Konungahella, that if he were so near as Erling and his men, he would not sit quietly in Bergen while Hakon was killing King Inge's friends and their comrades in war north in the Throndhjem country.
King Inge and Gregorius left the east in spring, and came to Bergen; but as soon as Hakon and Sigurd heard that Inge had left Viken, they went there by land. When King Inge and his people came to Bergen, a quarrel arose between Haldor Brynjolfson and Bjorn Nikolason. Bjorn's house-man asked Haldor's when they met at the pier, why he looked so pale.
"I again think," retorted the other, "that thou wouldst have borne it worse, and less manfully." And no other beginning was there for their quarrel than this. Afterwards one word followed another, till from brawling they came to fighting. It was told to Haldor Brynjolfson, who was in the house drinking, that his house-man was wounded down on the pier and he went there immediately. But Bjorn's house-men had come there before, and as Haldor thought his house-man had been badly treated, he went up to them and beat them; and it was told to Bjorn Buk that the people of Viken were beating his house-men on the pier. Then Bjorn and his house-men took their weapons, hurried down to the pier, and would avenge their men; and a bloody strife began. It was told Gregorius that his relation Haldor required assistance, and that his house-men were being cut down in the street; on which Gregorius and his men ran to the place in their armour. Now it was told Erling Skakke that his sister's son Bjorn was fighting with Gregorius and Haldor down on the piers, and that he needed help. Then he proceeded thither with a great force, and exhorted the people to stand by him; saying it would be a great disgrace never to be wiped out, if the Viken people should trample upon them in their own native place. There fell thirteen men, of whom nine were killed on the spot, and four died of their wounds, and many were wounded. When the word came to King Inge that Gregorius and Erling were fighting down on the piers, he hastened there, and tried to separate them; but could do nothing, so mad were they on both sides. Then Gregorius called to Inge, and told him to go away; for it was in vain to attempt coming between them, as matters now stood. He said it would be the greatest misfortune if the king mixed himself up with it; for he could not be certain that there were not people in the fray who would commit some great misdeed if they had opportunity. Then King Inge retired; and when the greatest tumult was over, Gregorius and his men went to Nikolas church, and Erling behind them, calling to each other. Then King Inge came a second time, and pacified them; and both agreed that he should mediate between them.
When King Inge and Gregorius heard that King Hakon was in Viken, they went east with many ships; but when they came King Hakon fled from them, and there was no battle. Then King Inge went to Oslo, and Gregorius was in Konungahella.
Soon after Gregorius heard that Hakon and his men were at a farm called Saurby, which lies up beside the forest. Gregorius hastened there; came in the night; and supposing that King Hakon and Sigurd would be in the largest of the houses, set fire to the buildings there. But Hakon and his men were in the smaller house, and came forth, seeing the fire, to help their people. There Munan fell, a son of Ale Uskeynd, a brother of King Sigurd Hakon's father. Gregorius and his men killed him, because he was helping those whom they were burning within the house. Some escaped, but many were killed. Asbjorn Jalda, who had been a very great viking, escaped from the house, but was grievously wounded. A bonde met him, and he offered the man money to let him get away; but the bonde replied, he would do what he liked best; and, adding that he had often been in fear of his life for him, he slew him. King Hakon and Sigurd escaped, but many of their people were killed. Thereafter Gregorius returned home to Konungahella. Soon after King Hakon and Sigurd went to Haldor Brynjolfson's farm of Vettaland, set fire to the house, and burnt it. Haldor went out, and was cut down instantly with his house- men; and in all there were about twenty men killed. Sigrid, Haldor's wife, was a sister of Gregorius, and they allowed her to escape into the forest in her night-shift only; but they took with them Amunde, who was a son of Gyrd Amundason and of Gyrid Dag's daughter, and a sister's son of Gregorius, and who was then a boy about five years old.
When Gregorius heard the news he took it much to heart, and inquired carefully where they were. Gregorius set out from Konungahella late in Yule, and came to Fors the thirteenth day of Yule, where he remained a night, and heard vespers the last day of Yule, which was a Saturday, and the holy Evangel was read before him. When Gregorius and his followers saw the men of King Hakon and Sigurd, the king's force appeared to them smaller than their own. There was a river called Befia between them, where they met; and there was unsound ice on the river, for there went a stream under the ice from it. King Hakon and his men had cut a rent in the ice, and laid snow over it, so that nobody could see it. When Gregorius came to the ice on the river the ice appeared to him unsound, he said; and he advised the people to go to the bridge, which was close by, to cross the river. The bonde-troops replied, that they did not know why he should be afraid to go across the ice to attack so few people as Hakon had, and the ice was good enough. Gregorius said it was seldom necessary to encourage him to show bravery, and it should not be so now. Then he ordered them to follow him, and not to be standing on the land while he was on the ice, and he said it was their council to go out upon the dangerous ice, but he had no wish to do so, or to be led by them. Then he ordered the banner to be advanced, and immediately went out on the ice with the men. As soon as the bondes found that the ice was unsound they turned back. Gregorius fell through the ice, but not very deep, and he told his men to take care. There were not more than twenty men with him, the others having turned back. A man of King Hakon's troop shot an arrow at Gregorius, which hit him under the throat, and thus ended his life. Gregorius fell, and ten men with him. It is the talk of all men that he had been the most gallant lenderman in Norway that any man then living could remember; and also he behaved the best towards us Icelanders of any chief since King Eystein the Elder's death. Gregorius's body was carried to Hofund, and interred at Gimsey Isle, in a nunnery which is there, of which Gregorius's sister, Baugeid, was then the abbess.
Two bailiffs went to Oslo to bring the tidings to King Inge. When they arrived they desired to speak to the king: and he asked, what news they brought.
When they had told him how it happened, he said, "They gave advice who understood the least."
It is said he took it so much to heart that he cried like a child. When he recovered himself he said, "I wanted to go to Gregorius as soon as I heard of Haldor's murder; for I thought that Gregorius would not sit long before thinking. of revenge. But the people here would think nothing so important as their Yule feasts, and nothing could move them away; and I am confident that if I had been there, he would either have proceeded more cautiously, or I and Gregorius would now have shared one lodging. Now he is gone, the man who has been my best friend, and more than any other has kept the kingdom in my hands; and I think it will be but a short space between us. Now I make an oath to go forth against Hakon, and one of two things shall happen: I shall either come to my death, or shall walk over Hakon and his people; and such a man as Gregorius is not avenged, even if all were to pay the penalty of their lives for him."
There was a man present who replied, "Ye need not seek after them, for they intend to seek you."
Kristin, King Sigurd's daughter and King Inge's cousin, was then in Oslo. The king heard that she intended going away. He sent a message to her to inquire why she wished to leave the town.
She thought it was dangerous and unsafe for a female to be there. The king would not let her go. "For if it go well with me, as I hope, you will be well here; and if I fall, my friends may not get leave to dress my body; but you can ask permission, and it will not be denied you, and you will thereby best requite what I have done for you."
On Saint Blasius' day (February 3, 1161), in the evening, King Inge's spies brought him the news that King Hakon was coming towards the town. Then King Inge ordered the war-horns to call together all the troops up from the town; and when he drew them up he could reckon them to be nearly 4000 men. The king let the array be long, but not more than five men deep. Then some said that the king should not be himself in the battle, as they thought the risk too great; but that his brother Orm should be the leader of the army. The king replied, "I think if Gregorius were alive and here now, and I had fallen and was to be avenged, he would not lie concealed, but would be in the battle. Now, although I, on account of my ill health, am not fit for the combat as he was, yet will I show as good will as he would have had; and it is not to be thought of that I should not be in the battle."
People say that Gunhild, who was married to Simon, King Hakon's foster-brother, had a witch employed to sit out all night and procure the victory for Hakon; and that the answer was obtained, that they should fight King Inge by night, and never by day, and then the result would be favourable. The witch who, as people say, sat out was called Thordis Skeggia; but what truth there may be in the report I know not.
Simon Skalp had gone to the town, and was gone to sleep, when the war-shouts awoke him. When the night was well advanced, King Inge's spies came to him, and told him that King Hakon and his army were coming over the ice; for the ice lay the whole way from the town to Hofud Isle.
Thereupon King Inge went with his army out on the ice, and he drew it up in order of battle in front of the town. Simon Skalp was in that wing of the array which was towards Thraelaberg; and on the other wing, which was towards the Nunnery, was Gudrod, the king of the South Hebudes, a son of Olaf Klining, and Jon, a son of Svein Bergthor Buk. When King Hakon and his army came near to King Inge's array, both sides raised a war-shout. Gudrod and Jon gave King Hakon and his men a sign, and let them know where they were in the line; and as soon as Hakon's men in consequence turned thither, Gudrod immediately fled with 1500 men; and Jon, and a great body of men with him, ran over to King Hakon's army, and assisted them in the fight. When this news was told to King Inge, he said, "Such is the difference between my friends. Never would Gregorius have done so in his life!" There were some who advised King Inge to get on horseback, and ride from the battle up to Raumarike; "where," said they, "you would get help enough, even this very day." The king replied, he had no inclination to do so. "I have heard you often say, and I think truly, that it was of little use to my brother, King Eystein, that he took to flight; and yet he was a man distinguished for many qualities which adorn a king. Now I, who labour under so great decrepitude, can see how bad my fate would be, if I betook myself to what proved so unfortunate for him; with so great a difference as there is between our activity, health, and strength. I was in the second year of my age when I was chosen king of Norway, and I am now twenty-five; and I think I have had misfortune and sorrow under my kingly dignity, rather than pleasure and peaceful days. I have had many battles, sometimes with more, sometimes with fewer people; and it is my greatest luck that I have never fled. God will dispose of my life, and of how long it shall be; but I shall never betake myself to flight."
Now as Jon and his troop had broken the one wing of King Inge's array, many of those who were nearest to him fled, by which the whole array was dispersed, and fell into disorder. But Hakon and his men went briskly forwards; and now it was near daybreak. An assault was made against King Inge's banner, and in this conflict King Inge fell; but his brother Orm continued the battle, while many of the army fled up into the town. Twice Orm went to the town after the king's fall to encourage the people, and both times returned, and went out again upon the ice to continue the battle. Hakon's men attacked the wing of the array which Simon Skalp led; and in that assault fell of King Inge's men his brother-in-law, Gudbrand Skafhogson. Simon Skalp and Halvard Hikre went against each other with their troops, and fought while they drew aside past Thraelaberg; and in this conflict both Simon and Halvard fell. Orm, the king's brother, gained great reputation in this battle; but he at last fled. Orm the winter before had been contracted with Ragna, a daughter of Nikolas Mase, who had been married before to King Eystein Haraldson; and the wedding was fixed for the Sunday after Saint Blasius's mass, which was on a Friday. Orm fled east to Svithjod, where his brother Magnus was then king; and their brother Ragnvald was an earl there at that time. They were the sons of Queen Ingerid and Henrik Halte, who was a son of the Danish king Svein Sveinson. The princess Kristin took care of King Inge's body, which was laid on the stone wall of Halvard's church, on the south side without the choir. He had then been king for twenty-three years (A.D. 1137-1161). In this battle many fell on both sides, but principally of King Inge's men. Of King Hakon's people fell Arne Frirekson. Hakon's men took all the feast and victuals prepared for the wedding, and a great booty besides.
Then King Hakon took possession of the whole country, and distributed all the offices among his own friends, both in the towns and in the country. King Hakon and his men had a meeting in Halvard's church, where they had a private conference concerning the management of the country. Kristin the princess gave the priest who kept the church keys a large sum of money to conceal one of her men in the church, so that she might know what Hakon and his counsellors intended. When she learnt what they had said, she sent a man to Bergen to her husband Erling Skakke, with the message that he should never trust Hakon or his men.
It happened at the battle of Stiklestad, as before related, that King Olaf threw from him the sword called Hneiter when he received his wound. A Swedish man, who had broken his own sword, took it up, and fought with it. When this man escaped with the other fugitives he came to Svithjod, and went home to his house. From that time he kept the sword all his days, and afterwards his son, and so relation after relation; and when the sword shifted its owner, the one told to the other the name of the sword and where it came from. A long time after, in the days of Kirjalax the emperor of Constantinople, when there was a great body of Varings in the town, it happened in the summer that the emperor was on a campaign, and lay in the camp with his army. The Varings who had the guard, and watched over the emperor, lay on the open plain without the camp. They changed the watch with each other in the night, and those who had been before on watch lay down and slept; but all completely armed. It was their custom, when they went to sleep, that each should have his helmet on his head, his shield over him, sword under the head, and the right hand on the sword-handle. One of these comrades, whose lot it was to watch the latter part of the night, found, on awakening towards morning, that his sword was gone. He looked after it, and saw it lying on the flat plain at a distance from him. He got up and took the sword, thinking that his comrades who had been on watch had taken the sword from him in a joke; but they all denied it. The same thing happened three nights. Then he wondered at it, as well as they who saw or heard of it; and people began to ask him how it could have happened. He said that his sword was called Hneiter, and had belonged to King Olaf the Saint, who had himself carried it in the battle of Stiklestad; and he also related how the sword since that time had gone from one to another. This was told to the emperor, who called the man before him to whom the sword belonged, and gave him three times as much gold as the sword was worth; and the sword itself he had laid in Saint Olaf's church, which the Varings supported, where it has been ever since over the altar. There was a lenderman of Norway while Harald Gille's sons, Eystein, Inge, and Sigurd lived, who was called Eindride Unge; and he was in Constantinople when these events took place. He told these circumstances in Norway, according to what Einar Skulason says in his song about King Olaf the Saint, in which these events are sung.
It happened once in the Greek country, when Kirjalax was emperor there, that he made an expedition against Blokumannaland. When he came to the Pezina plains, a heathen king came against him with an innumerable host. He brought with him many horsemen, and many large waggons, in which were large loop-holes for shooting through. When they prepared for their night quarters they drew up their waggons, one by the side of the other, without their tents, and dug a great ditch without; and all which made a defence as strong as a castle. The heathen king was blind. Now when the Greek king came, the heathens drew up their array on the plains before their waggon-fortification. The Greeks drew up their array opposite, and they rode on both sides to fight with each other; but it went on so ill and so unfortunately, that the Greeks were compelled to fly after suffering a great defeat, and the heathens gained a victory. Then the king drew up an array of Franks and Flemings, who rode against the heathens, and fought with them; but it went with them as with the others, that many were killed, and all who escaped took to flight. Then the Greek king was greatly incensed at his men-at-arms; and they replied, that he should now take his wine-bags, the Varings. The king says that he would not throw away his jewels, and allow so few men, however bold they might be, to attack so vast an army. Then Thorer Helsifig, who at that time was leader of the Varings replied to the king's words, "If there was burning fire in the way, I and my people would run into it, if I knew the king's advantage required it." Then the king replied, "Call upon your holy King Olaf for help and strength." The Varings, who were 450 men, made a vow with hand and word to build a church in Constantinople, at their own expense and with the aid of other good men, and have the church consecrated to the honour and glory of the holy King Olaf; and thereupon the Varings rushed into the plain. When the heathens saw them, they told their king that there was another troop of the Greek king's army come out upon the plain; but they were only a handful of people. The king says, "Who is that venerable man riding on a white horse at the head of the troop?" They replied, "We do not see him." There was so great a difference of numbers, that there were sixty heathens for every Christian man; but notwithstanding the Varings went boldly to the attack. As soon as they met terror and alarm seized the army of the heathens, and they instantly began to fly; but the Varings pursued, and soon killed a great number of them. When the Greeks and Franks who before had fled from the heathens saw this, they hastened to take part, and pursue the enemy with the others. Then the Varings had reached the waggon- fortification, where the greatest defeat was given to the enemy. The heathen king was taken in the flight of his people, and the Varings brought him along with them; after which the Christians took the camp of the heathens, and their waggon-fortification.


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Home sport This is the reason why the permanent winner Udermatt stays on Earth
This is the reason why the permanent winner Udermatt stays on Earth
Another world-class look: Marco Odermatt wins the giant slalom at Alta Badia in a dominant fashion.
Memories of Daniel Albrecht's laxity emerge when he did great things
It is worth cheering in the stands at Alta Badia: Odermatt's sister Alina (light blue jacket) screams on the podium.
Marcel W. Perrin (text) and Sven Thomann (photos) from Alta Badia
It really is gigantic. In his fourth giant slalom, Marco Odermatt (24) celebrated his third win of the season in the discipline. This is in the "Gran Risa" in Alta Badia, next to the "Chuenisbärgli" in Adelboden, the biggest classic of the alpine circus.
If you don't know better, meeting the winner can give you the impression that Odermatt did not win the World Cup race, but at most the club race in Hergiswil.
Even after his eighth World Cup victory, Marko didn't spit out any big tunes, instead showing a lot of humility. This very realistic situation can also be traced back to the story of the man who was the last Swiss winner in Alta Badia until yesterday – Daniel Albrecht (38).
Albrecht Jenops Odermatt
The Valais team triumphed on December 21, 2008 on this particularly selective slope against Croatian Ivica Kostelic. Less than four weeks later, his career ended in a terrible fall during downhill training on "Streif" in Kitzbühel. "Examples like Daniel Albrecht show that everything is possible in the sport every day, at every race, from a great victory to a serious injury," Udermatt says.
Albrecht watched Marco's latest concert at his home in Fish. "Odermatt reminds me a lot of my best times," he told Blake. "His driving style is not different from mine. Plus, he handles as easily as I was back then."
Maurice shows the eggs
After finishing seventh on Sunday, Justin Maurizier ended up sixth on Monday – although he was careful in the first round. "Fortunately, in the first run, I remembered why I was third on that slope last year. I showed the Whites really down a very steep slope! Then I did it in the second round."
If the 29-year-old hadn't made a blunder in indoor skating soon afterwards, he might have stood on the podium alongside his friend Udermatt. Justin and Marco regularly share a room at the skating circus. "Marco suits me perfectly. Although he is German-Swiss, he is as relaxed as Wilcher. Now he speaks French very well. You can say that his parents raised him well." These parents – who and Prisca Odermatt – and their daughter Alina see Marko's victory live on site.
Unfortunately, the slackening from Albright to Alta Badia turned out to be a certain stiffness. "Suddenly I only thought of Quszbühel. I really wanted to win there. This led to the fact that I took it very quickly on this fateful course."
Albrecht, who now owns Mondhaus GmbH, gives advice on the road to his successor: "Marco does not have to study at all before the next race. Its shape and coordination of materials are quite suitable. In principle, all he has to do now is drive and have fun."
Just like on Monday. Although he clearly feels high on expectations before the start, he's pretty cool about the competition. He made it to the finish line by a full second, ahead of world runner-up for Italy and Michel Gisin's friend Luca de Alibrandini.
"I am very fortunate that I can handle the high expectations of skate enthusiasts and I so well," Odermatt asserts. The 24-year-old is also mentally strong as he has been in the field for years with the former World Cup rider and Erika Hess' cousin Monica Wiki Hess.
However, there are moments when "Odi" provides food for thought for his streak of success: "It won't make the next few years more comfortable for me, because I only expect to win!"
Ski lovers watch out! Now take a quiz and write in skate racing
The 2021/2022 ski season really begins, and with it the newly launched "Blick Ski Trophy": answer questions, write ski races and crown yourself a ski champion. Numerous prizes are waiting for you.
To participate in the "Blick Ski Trophy", watch out for the cup icon on the mobile and desktop version or go directly to skitrophy.ws.blick.ch.
Have fun and good luck!
See also 4-2 win at Alajuelense Stadium in Costa Rica
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Earthquake-proof table uses geometry to save lives
Arion McNicoll and Stefanie Blendis, CNN
Updated 5:19 AM EDT, Mon August 5, 2013
The tough table for rough times —
How can this table save lives? Designed by young Israeli Arthur Brutter and his former lecturer Ido Bruno, it can resist even the most severe of earthquakes and could offer reliable shelter to millions of people living in earthquake prone areas.
Courtesy Arthur Brutter/Ido Bruno/Bezalel Academy Jerusalem
When an earthquake strikes, the common drill in schools is for children to seek refuge beneath a table. If the ceiling caves in, a table can act as protection from falling debris.
However, as Brutter and Bruno proved, a typical table is not strong enough to resist significant blows and hiding underneath can have catastrophic consequences.
The two designers set out to build an earthquake-proof table that can withstand significant pressure and improve chances of survival.
The earthquake-proof table "transforms energy and absorbs it," says Brutter. "When something falls on the table it absorbs the object's energy, and debris is forced to the side."
It is designed so that weight is spread across it and tests have proved that the structure can endure up to a ton of falling weight.
The table is not only strong enough to resist large amounts of pressure but is light enough for two children to lift it and can provide a makeshift walkway to aid rescue efforts.
Initially the table was tested by the Israeli military but currently it is undergoing tests in southern Israel and awaiting official approval from the world-leading Structural Engineering department of Padua University in Italy.
The earthquake-proof table has been nominated for a number of awards including the Design Museum's design of the year award in London. It has also been acquired by New York's Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) for its permanent collection of architecture and design.
The earthquake proof table
Israeli designers build affordable earthquake-proof table
The new design could be valuable in schools, especially those built near geological fault lines or in developing countries
The table is light enough for two children to lift, but sturdy enough to withstand a ton of falling debris
"Drop to the ground; take cover by getting under a sturdy table or other piece of furniture; and hold on until the shaking stops."
This is the official advice issued by FEMA for anyone unlucky enough to be caught in an earthquake.
But even following this advice isn't always going to be enough, particularly if you have nothing solid to shelter beneath.
This was the concern guiding Arthur Brutter and Ido Bruno when they dreamed up the earthquake-proof table – an invention that aims to provide affordable protection to people in earthquake-prone areas of the world.
Read: The 12 best designs from the past 100 years
"The earthquake-proof table started when I was a student in industrial design at the Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design, Jerusalem," says co-inventor Arthur Brutter. "At the beginning I wanted a solution to help in natural disasters … I looked at pictures of a school that was crushed in the earthquake in Haiti and they really shocked me."
'Earthquake table' made to save lives
The 2010 Haiti earthquake was a catastrophic event that devastated the small Caribbean island and its surrounds. Official estimates suggest that up to 200,000 people died in the destruction. After seeing photographs of the aftermath, Brutter resolved to build a product to help save lives of people trapped in structurally unsound buildings during earthquakes.
Brutter, alongside his former lecturer Ido Bruno, devised a cheap reinforced table that would be light enough for two school children to be able to lift, yet still strong enough to withstand up to one ton of pressure from above.
Brutter says that the geometries of the earthquake-proof table are designed to spread weight evenly across the table's surface, ensuring that the structure holds its shape, even when subjected to significant down-force.
Read: Is this the world's oddest instrument?
The earthquake-proof table "transforms energy and absorbs it," says Brutter. "When something falls on the table it absorbs the object's energy, and debris is forced to the side." In the event of a building's collapse, the tables are also designed to form passageways through the debris to help assist in rescue efforts.
I looked at pictures of a school that was crushed in the earthquake in Haiti and they really shocked me.
Arthur Brutter, earthquake-proof table co-inventor
The table was initially tested by the Israeli military and is currently awaiting official approval of the world-leading Structural Engineering department of Padua University, Italy, where more tests have been carried out.
Brutter and Bruno estimate that 300 million children live in areas of the world prone to earthquakes with weak school buildings. Dr Richard Luckett, a seismologist at the British Geological Survey, says that this estimation strikes him as reasonable: "there are a lot of cities in regions where large earthquakes can be expected and many of these are in the developing world."
Since its invention last year the earthquake-proof table has been nominated for a number of awards including the Design Museum's design of the year award in London. It has also been acquired by New York's Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) for its permanent collection of architecture and design.
Read: Intelligent robot recycles waste
Bruno says the awards are nice, but what is more important is to see the product adopted broadly, and used to save lives. "It's always a good feeling to be recognised, but really it's not awards but exposure leading to the possibility of the table being used … we want there to be no earthquakes, and we want it (the earthquake-proof table) to be used to save lives."
Monique Rivalland contributed to this story
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"Creativity inspires ideas, ideas inspire changes"
After the resounding success of Mirage 1.0 which witnessed over a 100 registrations, we're back with the second edition of Mirage.
We provide to all of you creative minds a platform for spoken word poetry, story telling, music and comedy.
Come and witness how creativity is born.


8 Monkey/CHUEN (8 B'aatz) is celebrated as the beginning of the New Year in the K'iche Maya tradition. This is a day for celebrating the Sacred Calendar of the Human and the 260 Kin who guided us through the process of Transformation.
This is a day of Daykeeper's Homecoming and a new Initiation and commitment to Count Each Day as a Sacred Event. This is the Highest Holy Day of the K'iche Maya tradition.
Tone 8 brings the Intention of Divine Justice… the day we are met by a Divine Agency who intervenes on our behalf to effect a Transformation of Harmony and Equity.
Monkey/CHUEN represents the Master of All Art, the Day Sign of a Creator that weaves the tapestry of our life into a thing of Beauty. This is the 21st of our 21 days of Gratitude and the day we are called to be Grateful for Every Thing.
10-DAY PORTAL: This is day 6 of our 10-day journey through a Spiritual Portal that thins the veil to other dimensions. The Portal raises our Consciousness to our Ethereal Nature. As the day of Homecoming, a return to a beginning, a Portal magnifies our Awareness of a Divine Agency that Celebrates our Return and our new Gifts of Illumination. We are greeted by a Heavenly Chorus of Hallelujah!
Tone 8 is a Peak Day of Transformation. Our Transformation begins as a Divine Acknowledgement of the investment we've made to be One with the Creator. The ups and downs of our journey can now seem immaterial as we reach a Destination of Accomplishment. We can be grateful for every experience as a sacrifice we were willing to make for Love.
The Maya New Year is the day of an initiation for the Daykeeper – those who Count each Day as Sacred in our Transformation. We are called to step forward to receive a blessing, and to renew a Divine Covenant with the Creator.
The New Year Fire burns for all of us!
I was drawn to the Mayan Calendar because it offered a Good Orderly Direction and related to every experience of living. The synchronicity with my own experience was my discernment of its Truth. The greatest Blessing of the Tzolk'in calendar is that it allows me to be Conscious of my own Spiritual Growth.
I was in the depth of a decade-long depression when I first began this journey. I felt I no longer had a reason for being. I thought I was too broken and that the spiritual teachings of a lifetime were all lost on me. This journal was the "last ditch effort." My commitment was a demonstration to myself that I had invested everything I knew to do. As a result, I was Blessed with New Life and given a new purpose for living.
When I review the material details of my life when I started, things aren't so different today. My greatest Blessing is knowing that NOTHING in the world has to change to be filled with Love and Joy. My Divine Justice is knowing the Unconditional Love of a Creator who Intervenes with a Promise of Divine Justice.
Today, we're guided to make a new commitment to our path of Spiritual Growth. Everyone is different. We each have our own unique Song. We are called to discern an Offering that is right for our Self. A Portal connects us to Spirit to magnify our Divine Discernment. We can be led by Spirit to know the commitment that would satisfy our own expectations of our Self.
This is a day to CELEBRATE the Ascended Masters and all who preserve the Sacred Wisdom. We could consider how unlimited this wisdom is to find our Own Way. This is a day to honor the ways of every Human in the Intention of Oneness with a Creator of Unconditional Love, no matter how different they may be.
Dog/OC and Monkey/CHUEN guide us in the ways that are Central to the Creator… living in Unconditional Love, as Creators of Beauty.
To all my relations, I thank you so much for being part of my journey. Your presence lifted me up to give me a reason to be. You have given me the great honor of sharing a communion with Spirit. I celebrate every visit and every comment. You are remembered today at my altar in an imagined Sacred Ceremony where we are all together. I'm grateful for the beauty that you create where you are. May Your Joy Be Multiplied to Abundance as you walk the round ahead. As you greet this day, know my Love was sent around to You on the Sun. Happy New Year!
MAYA NEW YEAR PAGE: The New Year page offers a meditation for tomorrow's New Year that Honors each of the Day Signs. In the tradition of the Maya, it includes the "Count of Days" that calls the names of each of the 260 Kins of the calendar. Included are chants used to Honor the 4 Directions of the Sacred Medicine Wheel path from the Native American tradition.
Observing 21 days of Personal Sacred Ceremony is a traditional preparation for the K'iche Maya New Year, 8 B'atz (8 Monkey/CHUEN). Today is the 21st day of a 21-day Ceremony of Gratitude.
I'm grateful for everything that is necessary to lead me to the Creator. I'm grateful for Blessings of Love that can never be lost or stolen. I'm grateful we weren't expected to earn this Love, but only choose it.
A special thanks to Mike Shore for his support on MayanMajix.com and all the time he contributes in support of the Mayan Calendar Community. I'm grateful he was there to preserve the wisdom shared by Ian Lungold.
I left out – HAPPY!!!


This is a 70-year-old gentleman, known a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia. He complained of effort angina since December 2014. His family doctor referred to our hospital for stable effort angina. His general condition was good. His heart sounds no murmur, lung sound was clear. He had no leg edema.
His ECG showed normal sinus rhythm, non-Q wave, no ST-T change. His chest X-ray showed no cardiomegaly, no congestion. His coronary CT showed total calcium score was over 1700; especially right coronary artery (RCA) was over 900.
He underwent for a coronary angiogram (CAG) on Feb 2015. There were severe stenosis in proximal RCA and circumflex (Cx). There is moderate stenosis in a left main trunk to LAD. His coronary artery had heavy calcium. He did not keen for bypass surgery, so we performed Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). First, we performed PCI to RCA severe calcified tortuous lesion on Mar 2015.
We used short AL-1 7F guiding catheter from the femoral approach. We opened the severe calcified stenosis by the 3.5 mm non-compliant balloon. Then we implanted 2DES to RCA under mother-child technique by using the Guide liner catheter. We tried to post-dilatation with 3.75 mm non-compliant balloon. However, it could not pass the lesion because the balloon tip hit the stent strut. We tried to pass it with the Guide liner backup but even this technique the balloon tip stuck the stent strut. We changed the wire to Wiggle wire. Finally, this balloon could pass to the distal RCA without Guide liner backup. We could succeed PCI to RCA severe calcified tortuous lesion.
It is sometimes difficult to pass any devices for PCI to calcified tortuous lesions. There are some techniques for these cases. In these cases, we have to get the strong guiding catheter backup, for example, anchor balloon technique, buddy wire technique, mother and child technique. Nevertheless, even performed these techniques some devices could not pass the lesion because of the wire bias. We experienced a useful case of Wiggle wire for PCI to RCA severe calcified tortuous lesion. In conclusion, Wiggle wire can change the wire bias because of the unique wire design; therefore, it is useful for PCI to a severe calcified tortuous lesion.


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Photo/HB Grandi.
HB Grandi's new freezer trawler is taking shape at the Astilleros Armon Gijon yard in northern Spain. 16 blocks have been completed, and as the design incorporates 51 blocks in total, around a third of the hull has been constructed.
The new freezer trawler will measure 81.30 metres overall with a 17 metre beam and will be around 5000gt. The ship has been designed by Rolls-Royce in Norway. The design focuses heavily on energy saving, both when fishing and steaming, and this includes a 4000mm diameter propeller. The main engine is a 5400kW Bergen Diesel.
The trawler will also be equipped with a powerful Rolls-Royce winch system, with energy for the winches and other systems produced by a shaft generator.
It will be equipped with the most sophisticated filleting and processing systems, and production capacity is expected to be around 100 tonnes per 24 hours. A fishmeal plant will be able to handle fish off-cut from factory deck production and this will be able to produce up to 50 tonnes per 24 hours. The fishroom will have capacity for around 1000 tonnes of products graded onto pallets.
Delivery of the ship is scheduled for the middle of next year.


Dana Holding Corporation marked the company's 20th anniversary in Thailand with a celebration that included customers, suppliers, employees, and government dignitaries.
In 1992 Dana opened its first facility in Thailand at the Ladkrabang Industrial Estate to manufacture driveshafts for a single customer. Today, the company employs nearly 700 people in Thailand at three assembly facilities, including the initial plant in Bangkok and two more in Rayong.
Dana's Thailand operations produce axles and driveshafts for major automakers such as Ford, Mazda, Nissan, Suzuki, and Tata. Advanced driveline products made by Dana in Thailand are used in light vehicles sold domestically and exported to more than 100 countries.
"Thailand is growing rapidly to take a leading role in the emerging ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), fueled in large part by the expansion of light-vehicle manufacturing," said Mark Wallace, Dana's president of On-Highway Driveline Technologies. "Dana has supported OEMs here since Thailand first emerged as a global vehicle production center in the early 1990s, and we are poised to support further growth in the decades ahead."
Dana has been operating in Asia-Pacific for almost 50 years, and the company's footprint in the region currently includes 19 major facilities and four engineering centers. Growth in emerging markets is a primary focus for Dana, with sales in Asia-Pacific rising to 20 percent of the company's overall revenues in 2011.
Dana is a world-leading supplier of driveline, sealing, and thermal-management technologies that improve the efficiency and performance of passenger, commercial, and off-highway vehicles with both conventional and alternative-energy powertrains. The company's global network of engineering, manufacturing, and distribution facilities provides original-equipment and aftermarket customers with local product and service support. Based in Maumee, Ohio, Dana employs approximately 25,500 people in 26 countries and reported 2011 sales of $7.6 billion. For more information, please visit www.dana.com.


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Buju Banton won't be distracted - Reggae artiste re-implements strict regimen for tour
Stephanie Lyew - STAR Writer
Buju Banton
Buju Banton's publicist, Ronnie Tomlinson, says the entertainer will not allow anything to distract him while he continues the Long Walk to Freedom (LWTF) tour throughout the Caribbean.
Tomlinson's statement comes after members of Trinidad's police force visited Buju Banton's hotel room with a search warrant less than 24 hours before he was to make his appearance at the LWTF concert in the country.
The reggae artiste took to Instagram to share the incident with fans, and it caught the attention of Trinidad Commissioner of Police Gary Griffith, who met with the entertainer to say sorry. In addition to visiting Buju at his hotel room, the commissioner attended the concert that was held at the Queen's Park Savannah, Port of Spain, on Sunday evening to make a public apology.
"For the next six weeks, Buju has a non-stop schedule of shows each week and then a week off. And he is back again with shows in Europe also added to his LWTF tour with the intentions focused on connecting with all his fans. Buju is definitely ready to perform and is receiving tremendous love from his fans everywhere," Tomlinson told THE STAR.
DOING WELL TOURING
She said that Buju has jumped back on the "tour horse" well, considering the long journey and break from being on stage.
"He has stuck to his workouts and continues to eat properly. That helped him to stay focused. His touring schedule in the past was always one that was always very jam-packed, so there were definitely regimens and routines he had in place that he has re-implemented now," she said.
Buju heads to Grenada next, where he will perform during the busy Mother's Day weekend.
"Like many of the other islands, we expect to see supporters come out in their numbers, and he looks forward to taking them on a journey down memory lane, performing hits after hits after hits," she said.
"For Buju, there is always a special moment in his performances. And, so far, Jamaica, Bahamas and Trinidad were three totally different sets. While we are not sure what the promoters may have in store, we urge persons to come to any of the LWTF shows, and if you are in Grenada for Mother's Day Weekend, it will be a Mother's Day you will never forget."
Other Entertainment Stories
The birds are singing for Aidonia - Bogdanovich says patrons should expect surprises at Reggae Sumfest
Females get wild at Wet Nipples
G Maffiah optimistic about new mixtape
Entertainment Diary - Thursday
'White' hot fun at Pier 1
Shantel Ellis aiming to be the 'Life of the Party'
Nicki Minaj reposts Jamaican who took Megatron Challenge
Kwenshade brings flavour to the 6ix


text:
Villers-Guislain est une commune française située dans le département du Nord (59), en région Hauts-de-France.

Géographie

Situation

Communes limitrophes

Climat
Le climat qui caractérise la commune est qualifié, en 2010, de « climat océanique dégradé des plaines du Centre et du Nord », selon la typologie des climats de la France qui compte alors huit grands types de climats en métropole. En 2020, la commune ressort du type « climat océanique altéré » dans la classification établie par Météo-France, qui ne compte désormais, en première approche, que cinq grands types de climats en métropole. Il s'agit d'une zone de transition entre le climat océanique, le climat de montagne et le climat semi-continental. Les écarts de température entre hiver et été augmentent avec l'éloignement de la mer. La pluviométrie est plus faible qu'en bord de mer, sauf aux abords des reliefs.

Les paramètres climatiques qui ont permis d'établir la typologie de 2010 comportent six variables pour les températures et huit pour les précipitations, dont les valeurs correspondent à la normale 1971-2000. Les sept principales variables caractérisant la commune sont présentées dans l'encadré ci-après.

Avec le changement climatique, ces variables ont évolué. Une étude réalisée en 2014 par la Direction générale de l'Énergie et du Climat complétée par des études régionales prévoit en effet que la  température moyenne devrait croître et la pluviométrie moyenne baisser, avec toutefois de fortes variations régionales. Ces changements peuvent être constatés sur la station météorologique de Météo-France la plus proche, « Epehy_sapc », sur la commune d'Épehy, mise en service en 1988 et qui se trouve à  à vol d'oiseau, où la température moyenne annuelle est de  et la hauteur de précipitations de  pour la période 1981-2010.
Sur la station météorologique historique la plus proche, « Cambrai-Épinoy », sur la commune d'Épinoy, dans le département du Pas-de-Calais, mise en service en 1954 et à , la température moyenne annuelle évolue de  pour la période 1971-2000 à  pour 1981-2010, puis à  pour 1991-2020.

Urbanisme

Typologie
Villers-Guislain est une commune rurale, car elle fait partie des communes peu ou très peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densité de l'Insee.

Par ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Cambrai, dont elle est une commune de la couronne. Cette aire, qui regroupe , est catégorisée dans les aires de  à moins de .

Occupation des sols

L'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de données européenne d'occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marquée par l'importance des territoires agricoles (91,5 % en 2018), une proportion identique à celle de 1990 (91,8 %). La répartition détaillée en 2018 est la suivante :
terres arables (91,5 %), zones urbanisées (6,3 %), forêts (2,2 %).

L'IGN met par ailleurs à disposition un outil en ligne permettant de comparer l'évolution dans le temps de l'occupation des sols de la commune (ou de territoires à des échelles différentes). Plusieurs époques sont accessibles sous forme de cartes ou photos aériennes : la carte de Cassini (), la carte d'état-major (1820-1866) et la période actuelle (1950 à aujourd'hui).

Toponymie
Le village est mentionné au long des  sous les noms Viliers Gueisein, Villarium Gisleni, Vilers-Gienlain, Vilers le Ghislain, Villare Gilleni. Le nom Guislain vient sans doute d'un de ses anciens seigneurs et a sans doute servi à le distinguer du village voisin de Villers-Outréaux.

Histoire

La guerre 1914-1918
Comme d'autres villages  de la région, Villers-Guislain est sorti meurtri de la Grande Guerre car le village a été entièrement détruit .
Le , soit moins d'un mois après la déclaration de guerre, l'armée française bat en retraite vers l'ouest et les Allemands arrivent à Villers-Guislain. Dès lors commença l'occupation allemande qui dura jusqu'en . Le front se situant à une vingtaine de kilomètres à l'ouest de Péronne et Bapaume, l'activité des occupants consistait principalement à assurer le logement des combattants  et l'approvisionnement en nourriture. Toutes les personnes valides devaient effectuer des travaux agricoles ou d'entretien. Le village servait de base arrière pour soigner les blessés. En , le général Hindenburg décida de la création d'une ligne défense à l'arrière du front ; lors du retrait des troupes allemandes, tous les villages seraient détruits pour ne pas servir d'abri aux troupes franco-anglaises. En , Villers-Guislain se trouvant juste à l'avant de cette ligne, les habitants sont évacués vers la Belgique et les maisons sont pillées et incendiées, le village est systématiquement détruit. L'église, la mairie, les écoles et toutes les maisons sont dynamitées et les arbres sciés à  de hauteur.
Le village, vidé de ses habitants, reste occupé par les Allemands ; il sera le théâtre de nombreux combats en mars, avril et  .Les ruines du village seront plusieurs fois reprises par chaque camp et ce n'est qu'à partir du , lors de la bataille de la ligne Hindenburg que Villers-Guislain, après une dizaine de jours d'âpres combats sera définitivement libéré par les britanniques.
Plus de  britanniques furent tués lors des combats pour libérer le secteur de Villers-Guislain. Ils reposent dans les cinq cimetières militaires  situé sur le territoire de la commune :Gauche Wood Cemetery, Meath Cemetery, Targelle Ravine British Cemetery, Villers-Guislain Communal Cemetery, Villers Hill British Cemetery.Sur le Monument aux Morts sont écrits les noms des  guislanais Morts pour la France ainsi que celui de  civiles.

Le , la commune connait un dramatique accident, fréquent en cette période dans la région, directement lié à la guerre, aux munitions non explosées présentes dans de nombreux endroits : un tracteur fait exploser des mines, ce qui provoque la mort de neuf personnes.Vu les souffrances endurées par la population pendant les quatre années d'occupation et les dégâts aux constructions, la commune s'est vu décerner la Croix de guerre 1914-1918 (France) le .
Après l'armistice, une partie de la population revint peu à peu s'installer et commença alors une longue période de reconstruction d'une dizaine d'années, mais de  en 1911, Villers-Guislain n'en comptait plus que 721 en 1921, soit moins de la moitié.

Héraldique

Politique et administration
Maire en 1802-1803 : Isid. Hagard.

Population et société

Démographie

Évolution démographique

Pyramide des âges
La population de la commune est relativement jeune.
En 2018, le taux de personnes d'un âge inférieur à  s'élève à 34,8 %, soit en dessous de la moyenne départementale (39,5 %). À l'inverse, le taux de personnes d'âge supérieur à  est de 23,0 % la même année, alors qu'il est de 22,5 % au niveau départemental.

En 2018, la commune comptait  pour , soit un taux de 53,23 % de femmes, légèrement supérieur au taux départemental (51,77 %).

Les pyramides des âges de la commune et du département s'établissent comme suit.

Lieux et monuments

 Comme de nombreuses communes du département, Villers-Guislain dispose d'un monument à la mémoire des victimes de la Première Guerre mondiale.

Personnalités liées à la commune

Famille Le Sart-Van Cappel

 Nicolas de Sart (ou Le Sart), écuyer, seigneur de Prémont, Élincourt, Audencourt, Herdaing, Farnay, Lorneville, Harnaige, Fervacques, du Petit-Essigny et de Villers-Guislain (-Ghislain). Il commanda dans les armées françaises (officier dans les Chevau-légers comme son père et son fils). Époux de Jeanne Mallet, fille de Chrétien Mallet, de Cambrai (Nord). La légende raconte « qu'il aurait trouvé,lors des guerres,un mulet chargé d'argent,en sortant de Paris ! ». Il fut le premier seigneur de Villers-Guislain (-Ghislain).
 Charles-François de Sart, seigneur de Prémont, Élincourt et Villers-Guislain, capitaine au régiment de Touraine-Infanterie, lieutenant pour le roi des provinces de Cambrésis, Flandres et Hainaut, pair du Cambrésis; décédé au dit Prémont le , âgé de , époux de Marie-Charlotte-Josèphe-Nicole Petit; inhumé en l'église du dit Prémont le , en la Chapelle des Seigneurs de Prémont. Il fut le dernier seigneur de Villers-Guislain.
 Louis-Charles-Ignace van Cappel de La Nieppe (né à Cassel (Nord), , décédé à Villers-Guislain le , en son château, maire de Villers-Guislain (1808-1813), époux de Marie-Charlotte-Josèphe de Sart de Prémont, fille de Charles-François de Sart, chevalier, seigneur de Prémont, Élincourt et Villers-Guislain et de Marie-Charlotte-Josèphe-Nicole Petit; d'où
 Marie-Charles-Hubert van Cappel de Prémont (né à Prémont (Aisne), , décédé à Paris, boulevard du Montparnasse,  (transcription de décès à Villers-Guislain le ) ; maire de Prémont (1808-1813) puis maire de Villers-Guislain (1813-1830), époux de Louise-Marcelline de Langlois de Brouchy.

Autres personnages

 Michel de Buissy, écuyer, mari de Jacqueline de Collencourt, était seigneur de Louwez, Villers-Guislain, Homelin. Michel de Buissy a toujours bien servi son souverain (l'empereur Charles Quint puis son fils Philippe II). Il s'est trouvé avec la compagnie du seigneur de Noircarmes à la journée de Wattrelos près de Lannoy où en 1566 furent défaites les troupes de séditieux et de brise-images (furie iconoclaste), puis aux prises de Valenciennes, Groningue, Gertruydenberg, Tergoes , Haarlem, Amsterdam, Mons, Tournai, Marcoing, Lens, Cambrai (guerre de Quatre-Vingts Ans). En 1578, il a assisté à la délivrance du magistrat (autorités de la ville) d'Arras. Il est le fils de Claude de Buissy,, chevalier, seigneur de Louwez, homme d'armes sous Charles Quint,..., gouverneur de Philipheville en 1558, et de Louise d'Allesme, fille de François, écuyer, seigneur de Lannoy-en-Tournaisis et de Catherine de Dion. Il est le père de Michel de Buissy, seigneur de Teneur, de Pierre de Buissy, mort à l'assaut du château de Doullens et de Gabrielle de Buissy, mariée à Jean de Hainin (maison de Haynin), seigneur du Maisnil.
Guillaume de Buissy, grand-père de Michel, écuyer, marié à Marguerite de Le Val, a été seigneur de Villers-Guislain et prévôt de Cambrai.
Robert de Buissy, arrière-grand père de Michel, écuyer, marié à Marguerite de Beaulaincourt, a également été seigneur de Villers-Guislain. il est le fils de Jean de Buissy et de Sainte de Griboval. Jean de Buissy a réparé à ses frais en 1435 une chapelle de l'église Saint-Nicolas de Bapaume, où il fut longtemps représenté avec ses armes « D'azur au chevron d'or chargé de 5 tourteaux d'azur ».
 Paul-Pierre Prévot, artiste-peintre, né à Villers-Guislain le , officier d'Académie, officier de l'Instruction publique, professeur honoraire à la Ville-de-Paris, peintre du musée du Val-de-Grâce. Il passa son enfance au village où il fut apprenti-forgeron jusqu'à ses seize ans, entra à l'École des Beaux-Arts dès 1906, il exposera à Paris au Salon-des-Artistes-français jusqu'en 1914, fut surnommé le « Peintre des tisseurs » qu'il représenta; peindra également des notables guislanais; en 1914-1918, il exécutera des tableaux sur les atrocités de la guerre, exposés au musée du Val-de-Grâce; il décèdera à Versailles (Yvelines) en 1961, âgé de 82 ans; est inhumé au cimetière communal de Villers-Guislain.

Pour approfondir

Bibliographie

 .

Articles connexes
 Liste des communes du Nord
 Les cimetières militaires de la commune: Gauche Wood Cemetery, Meath Cemetery, Targelle Ravine British Cemetery, Villers-Guislain Communal Cemetery, Villers Hill British Cemetery
 Liste des mémoriaux et cimetières militaires du Nord

Liens externes

 Villers-Guislain sur le site de l'Institut géographique national
 Localisation de Villers-Guislain sur une carte de France et communes limitrophes
 Plan de Villers-Guislain sur Mapquest

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Insee
 Dossier relatif à la commune,

Autres références

Commune dans le département du Nord
Ville décorée de la croix de guerre 1914-1918

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Justia Regulation Tracker Department Of State Notice of Determinations: Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ", 8647 [2017-01913]
Notice of Determinations: Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ", 8647 [2017-01913]
Download as PDF Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 17 / Friday, January 27, 2017 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF STATE DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice: 9866] [Public Notice 9864] Notice of Determinations: Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ''Turner's Modern and Ancient Ports: Passages Through Time'' Exhibition Notice of Determinations; Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ''Past is Present: Revival Jewelry'' Exhibition 8647 DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice: 9838] Notice is hereby given of the following determinations: Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Act of October 19, 1965 (79 Stat. 985; 22 U.S.C. 2459), E.O. 12047 of March 27, 1978, the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 (112 Stat. 2681, et seq.; 22 U.S.C. 6501 note, et seq.), Delegation of Authority No. 234 of October 1, 1999, Delegation of Authority No. 236–3 of August 28, 2000 (and, as appropriate, Delegation of Authority No. 257–1 of December 11, 2015), I hereby determine that the objects to be included in the exhibition ''Past is Present: Revival Jewelry,'' imported from abroad for temporary exhibition within the United States, are of cultural significance. The objects are imported pursuant to a loan agreement with the foreign owner or custodian. I also determine that the exhibition or display of the exhibit objects at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, from on or about February 14, 2017, until on or about August 19, 2018, and at possible additional exhibitions or venues yet to be determined, is in the national interest. I have ordered that Public Notice of these Determinations be published in the Federal Register. SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the following determinations: Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Act of October 19, 1965 (79 Stat. 985; 22 U.S.C. 2459), E.O. 12047 of March 27, 1978, the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 (112 Stat. 2681, et seq.; 22 U.S.C. 6501 note, et seq.), Delegation of Authority No. 234 of October 1, 1999, Delegation of Authority No. 236–3 of August 28, 2000 (and, as appropriate, Delegation of Authority No. 257–1 of December 11, 2015), I hereby determine that the objects to be included in the exhibition ''Turner's Modern and Ancient Ports: Passages through Time,'' imported from abroad for temporary exhibition within the United States, are of cultural significance. The objects are imported pursuant to loan agreements with the foreign owners or custodians. I also determine that the exhibition or display of the exhibit objects at The Frick Collection, New York, New York, from on or about February 23, 2017, until on or about May 14, 2017, and at possible additional exhibitions or venues yet to be determined, is in the national interest. I have ordered that Public Notice of these Determinations be published in the Federal Register. SUMMARY: For further information, including a list of the imported objects, contact the Office of Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs in the Office of the Legal Adviser, U.S. Department of State (telephone: 202– 632–6471; email: section2459@ state.gov). The mailing address is U.S. Department of State, L/PD, SA–5, Suite 5H03, Washington, DC 20522–0505. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Alyson Grunder, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, Department of State. jstallworth on DSK7TPTVN1PROD with NOTICES [FR Doc. 2017–01913 Filed 1–26–17; 8:45 am] For further information, including a list of the imported objects, contact the Office of Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs in the Office of the Legal Adviser, U.S. Department of State (telephone: 202– 632–6471; email: section2459@ state.gov). The mailing address is U.S. Department of State, L/PD, SA–5, Suite 5H03, Washington, DC 20522–0505. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Alyson Grunder, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, Department of State. [FR Doc. 2017–01847 Filed 1–26–17; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4710–05–P BILLING CODE 4710–05–P VerDate Sep<11>2014 13:58 Jan 26, 2017 Jkt 241001 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 60-Day Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Repatriation/Emergency Medical and Dietary Assistance Loan Application Notice of request for public comment. ACTION: The Department of State is seeking Office of Management and Budget (OMB) approval for the information collection described below. In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, we are requesting comments on this collection from all interested individuals and organizations. The purpose of this notice is to allow 60 days for public comment preceding submission of the collection to OMB. DATES: The Department will accept comments from the public up to March 28, 2017. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments by any of the following methods: • Web: Persons with access to the Internet may comment on this notice by going to www.Regulations.gov. You can search for the document by entering ''Docket Number: DOS–2017–0001'' in the Search field. Then click the ''Comment Now'' button and complete the comment form. • Email: RiversDA@state.gov. • Regular Mail: Send written comments to: U.S. Department of State, CA/OCS/PMO, SA–17, 10th Floor, Washington, DC 20036. • Fax: 202–736–9111. You must include the DS form number (if applicable), information collection title, and the OMB control number in any correspondence. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Direct requests for additional information regarding the collection listed in this notice, including requests for copies of the proposed collection instrument and supporting documents, to Derek Rivers, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Overseas Citizens Services (CA/ OCS/PMO), U.S. Department of State, SA–17, 10th Floor, Washington, DC 20036, who may be reached at RiversDA@state.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: • Title of Information Collection: Repatriation/Emergency Medical and Dietary Assistance Loan Application. • OMB Control Number: 1405–0150. • Type of Request: Extension of a currently approved collection. • Originating Office: Bureau of Consular Affairs, Overseas Citizens Services (CA/OCS). SUMMARY: E:\FR\FM\27JAN1.SGM 27JAN1
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 17 (Friday, January 27, 2017)]
[Page 8647]
[[Page 8647]]
[Public Notice: 9866]
Notice of Determinations: Culturally Significant Objects Imported
for Exhibition Determinations: ``Turner's Modern and Ancient Ports:
Passages Through Time'' Exhibition
SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the following determinations:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Act of October 19, 1965
(79 Stat. 985; 22 U.S.C. 2459), E.O. 12047 of March 27, 1978, the
Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 (112 Stat. 2681,
et seq.; 22 U.S.C. 6501 note, et seq.), Delegation of Authority No. 234
of October 1, 1999, Delegation of Authority No. 236-3 of August 28,
2000 (and, as appropriate, Delegation of Authority No. 257-1 of
December 11, 2015), I hereby determine that the objects to be included
in the exhibition ``Turner's Modern and Ancient Ports: Passages through
Time,'' imported from abroad for temporary exhibition within the United
States, are of cultural significance. The objects are imported pursuant
to loan agreements with the foreign owners or custodians. I also
determine that the exhibition or display of the exhibit objects at The
Frick Collection, New York, New York, from on or about February 23,
2017, until on or about May 14, 2017, and at possible additional
exhibitions or venues yet to be determined, is in the national
interest. I have ordered that Public Notice of these Determinations be
published in the Federal Register.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For further information, including a
list of the imported objects, contact the Office of Public Diplomacy
and Public Affairs in the Office of the Legal Adviser, U.S. Department
of State (telephone: 202-632-6471; email: section2459@state.gov). The
mailing address is U.S. Department of State, L/PD, SA-5, Suite 5H03,
Washington, DC 20522-0505.
Alyson Grunder,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy, Bureau of Educational and
Cultural Affairs, Department of State.


text:
Conscription during the First World War began when the British Government passed the Military Service Act in 1916.
The act specified that single men aged 18 to 45 years old were liable to be called up for military service unless they were widowed with children or ministers of a religion.
There was a system of Military Service Tribunals to adjudicate upon claims for exemption on the grounds of performing civilian work of national importance, domestic hardship, health, and being a Conscientious Objector.
The law went through several changes before the war ended. Married men were exempt in the original Act, although this was changed in June 1916. The age limit was also eventually raised to 51 years old.
Recognition of work of national importance also diminished, and in the last year of the war there was some support for the conscription of clergy.
Conscription lasted until mid-1919.
Alexander Thomson's Call-up Paper.
Call-up Paper for Alexander Thomson of Castle Street , Alloa.


text:
Information published on 17 October 2017 in the UIC electronic newsletter "UIC eNews" Nr 566.
Czech Republic: Roofing of Prague Main Station has been reconstructed
Správa železniční dopravní cesty has completed an extensive reconstruction of the roofing at Praha hlavní nádraží (Prague Main Station) which is one of the most important railway junctions in the Czech Republic. Besides repairing a historical monument, the main project's objective was also increasing safety and comfort for passengers.
The steel two-aisled hall is an integral part of the Prague main station building complex listed as a monument under protection. Its arch construction extends over platforms No 1 - 4. Works included reconstruction of the hall dewatering, reconstruction and completion of footbridges including the railing, new fenestration of skylights, side walls and hall fronts as well as the roofing of Fanta Building. Anti-corrosion protection of the bearing construction was renewed, roof cladding was replaced by a new one, joints were scrutinised and damaged rivets were replaced.
The project was implemented in several phases in various parts of the hall. The architectonical design was elaborated based on documents resulting from the previous project named "Modernisation of Praha-hlavní nádraží, Western Part, Part 2, Platforms I-IV. The basic idea was preparing a modern single concept that would provide a common architectonical shape to the whole spacious area of the Prague main station.
"As far as organisation is concerned, the most difficult was coordinating all construction works with maintaining operation of the railway station for the whole time of reconstruction. I believe that passengers will forgive us a temporary discomfort as the result is worth it. Thanks to the project's implementation, the Prague main station building acquired a dignified and representative shape. We were also able to provide higher safety and comfort for passengers", said Mr Mojmír Nejezchleb, Deputy Director General of SŽDC for Infrastructure Modernisation.
The supplier of the construction designated as Reconstruction of hall roofing of Station Praha-Hlavní nádraží, Phase II were the companies Metrostav and PROMINECON CZ. This is a phased project while Phase I was co-financed from Operational Programme Transport (OPT) within the programme period 2007-2013 and Phase II was approved for co-financing from OPT within the programme period 2014-2020.
Total investment costs of Phase I amounted to CZK 304,093,823 (VAT excluded). The planned EU contribution from the Cohesion Fund for Phase I amounted to CZK 166,229,716. Total investment costs of Phase II equalled CZK 386,150,942 (VAT excluded). The planned EU contribution from the Cohesion Fund for Phase II amounted to CZK 261,920,823.
Total investment costs for both phases amounted to CZK 690 244 765 (VAT excluded). The planned EU contribution from the Cohesion Fund for both phases amounted up to CZK 428,150,539. National financing of both phases was provided by the State Fund for Transport Infrastructure.
(Source: SZDC)
5th International Railway Summit to be hosted in association with UIC and Huawei Automatic coupling for freight traffic: next steps Chief Digital Officers and related people in charge of digital issues, please take few minutes to participate in our new UIC Digital Benchmark! Croatia: New appointments within HŽ Passenger Transport Kazakhstan: Information service navigation is launched at "Nurly Zhol" railway station Time Table Expert Group (TTEG) of MERITS meeting held from 12 – 13 October 2017 in Stockholm UIC Director General Jean-Pierre Loubinoux appointed new Board Member of the Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT) UIC launches the book Dream Stations: a Worldwide Odyssey on 10 October 2017 in Paris UIC will jointly organise the 5th Edition of the Training on High Speed Systems Level 2 from 13 – 17 November 2017 in Madrid United States: Amtrak "Ready to Build" campaign highlights critical need for infrastructure investment
e-News articles with keyword Europe
Germany: DB Supervisory Board approves new Management Board structure and earmarks EUR 1 billion for new trains (26 November 2019) Romania: New Managing Director of CFR Marfa (26 November 2019) Austria: TransANT for voestalpine on rail – handing over a 293 metre train (26 November 2019) United Kingdom: Dana footbridge reopened as Network Rail completes refurbishment work at Shrewsbury station (19 November 2019) Finland: Winter preparations on the rail network – improved cooperation, more resources (19 November 2019)
Netherlands: John Voppen will be the new CEO of ProRail (3 December 2019) China: Integrated Commissioning and testing on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway (26 November 2019) Russia: New multimodal transport project using single CIM/SMGS document (26 November 2019) Germany: DB Supervisory Board approves new Management Board structure and earmarks EUR 1 billion for new trains (26 November 2019) Romania: New Managing Director of CFR Marfa (26 November 2019)


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text:
Apoglyx
AQUAPORINS
RG100204 is effective in a preclinical model of bacterial sepsis
New ApoGlyx results demonstrate that RG100204 is effective in reducing organ damage in a preclinical model of bacterial sepsis.
There is currently no specific treatment for sepsis, the body's overreaction to infection that often causes severe organ damage, and death. According to the Global Sepsis Alliance, 47 to 50 million people are affected by sepsis annually, and more than 11 million of these patients die, even though sepsis is often not mentioned specifically on death certificates.
In a study conducted at the William Harvey Research Institute in London, ApoGlyx obtained results demonstrating effective reduction of organ damage, by the lead compound RG100204.
"The unique observation that we made with RG100204 was that it can improve heart function, and reduce damage to further vital organs, even when the compound was given up to three hours after the induction of sepsis! We have never tried a late administration of a drug at 3h after the onset of sepsis, so the finding that RG100204 is still effective when given at this late stage is impressive", says Professor Christoph Thiemermann, a renowned expert in the field of sepsis.
Encouraged by the new results in the pre-clinical sepsis model, ApoGlyx is now looking to raise new capital to bring this novel approach forward to first-in-human clinical trials.
info@apoglyx.com
c/o Anyo AB
Ideon Science Park
Copyright © 2020 ApoGlyx, all rights reserved.
Reg/VAT#s: 556756-7085


 Public Lab: Can you tell me please what application did you use ?
Question: Can you tell me please what application did you use ?
Hi @amayas -- what application are you referring to? Can you give us a little more information about what you are looking for?
Hi @amayas , sorry for the delay! It looks like the app used in the post that you linked to is something called MSpec-- that post comes from a community member, so I don't know too much about the app they're using. We use something called Spectral Workbench with the Public Lab spectrometers, -- this is actually a web based tool, which you can use with your smartphone camera (if using a foldable spectrometer) or any USB camera. There's a lot more information about the spectrometers and the software that we use over on our Spectrometry Wiki.


you... but YOU're pretty cute too..."
2s TO TURN, one set above and one set below.
next sets of 1s. So to make it work out, the rule is LADIES UP FIRST.
I reassure my partner before/inbetween/after that I'm still theirs..."
in a group of all-beginners.
>it goes well may try Chorus Jig in the second half.
>hands up, etc) are helpful.
>dancers handle the end effects?
>coming off, will have some 'ghosts' as corners.
>as they will partake in contra corners.
>Note: I was planning on using a "modernized"
>are just getting the hang of improper minor sets.