Freak Accident: I Went For A Swim And The Roof caved In!
Read Jackie's story about her freak swimming pool accident. If something unbelievable has happened to you, and you'd like to sell a story to the media, get in touch today. All you need to do is complete the form on the right hand side of this page to get your free story valuation. Nothing will be used without your consent.
Dipping my toe into the pool, I couldn't help but shudder.
'I don't know why I'm surprised, it's always freezing,' I groaned, plucking up the courage to get in.
Slowly I lowered myself into the water and pushed off the side.
My aqua-aerobics class wasn't starting until 10am, but on a Sunday morning I always tried to come down to the gym a little bit earlier to do a few lengths first.
Being in the water was great for my rheumatoid arthritis and I vowed to swim twice a week to ease my joints.
After gorging on a mountain of Italian food during meal out with my daughter, Claire, 26, the night before, I knew shouldn't break my routine for the sake of my figure too.
'I'll be back in an hour or so,' I told her, as I nipped out the door and jumped in the car.
She had stayed over for the night at my house in Erdington, Birmingham, half an hour away from where she lived in Dudley, West Midlands.
I felt guilty leaving after she made the effort to come and visit, but I had only been for a dip the once – on an evening earlier in the week – and I knew I would ache if I didn't pop down for a session.
'Oh hi, Jackie,' my friend, Camilla, 36, chirped, as she joined me in the pool, ten minutes later.
'You're keen, aren't you?' she laughed, glancing at the clock.
I had been a member at the gym for seven years already and she had recently started back.
We always had a giggle, splashing about and trying to keep up with our instructor.
Just as the group leader appeared in the room, with bundles of equipment in her arms, I heard an awful racket.
I had been happily bobbing up and down, when a noise like a shotgun firing filled my ears.
'Who is firing at me? Where's the weapon?' I thought to myself, panicking and scanning the room for sign of a gunman.
There had been a stabbing in the steam room only a few months earlier after an argument had got out of hand and now I worried something else was kicking off.
I tried to wade over to the steps, unable to pull myself up over the side because of my bad back.
But before I got the chance to move more than a metre, I was forced under the water.
Everything went pitch black and I struggled to register what was happening.
I tried to push myself upwards but it was no good, whatever had come crashing down on top of me was weighing me down – there was no way I could lift it.
Holding my breath, I desperately searched for any sign of light.
I had no choice but to swim underwater towards the other end in the hope that it was clear and that I could resurface.
I had never thought of myself as a strong swimmer, but I had no choice but to kick and push with all my might.
When I managed to get there I emerged, gasping for air.
'Take my hand,' a bloke shouted, reaching out to help me, before pulling me out.
I collapsed at the side of the pool, hyperventilating.
I soon learned that the ceiling had caved in and fallen on top of me.
The roof had cracked and snapped before plasterboard plummeted down.
I was one of 14 people in the pool when the alarm was raised.
'Where's Camilla?' I panted, still trying to catch my breath.
Out of the corner of my eye I spotted her. She had managed to get out, but had scraped her shoulder as the roof came crumbling in.
'Are you ok?' she cried, dashing over to come to my aid.
I looked at the pool. A mess of rubble was sinking into it.
Plasterboard – each sheet weighing around 25 kilos – had come crashing down along with a tangle of electric wires and lights.
It's lucky no one was electrocuted. The outcome could have been far worse.
There were 14 people – including me – in the pool at the time and four of us were injured.
Climbing on to my feet, I headed towards the changing room.
'Jackie, what are you doing? You need to sit down,' the receptionist, Lucy, 20, instructed, having come in to see what all the fuss was about.
True to my job role, the nurse in me grabbed a towel and held it to the wound on top of my head to try and stem the bleeding.
Within minutes the emergency services had arrived.
An ambulance, rapid-response vehicle, paramedic and hazardous area response team were despatched to the scene.
Luckily none of the four of us who were treated suffered serious injuries.
But just as the paramedics were giving me the once over and checking my blood pressure, the lights flickered out.
We evacuated the premises and Camilla called my children and Claire rushed over with my son, Phillip, and his girlfriend, Sophie, both 24.
As a nurse I was used to looking after people, but now I was having them care for me.
Claire insisted on driving me down to hospital after I complained of feeling faint and I needed to have my scalp stitched up.
I had a fortnight off to recover, but am now back to my normal self.
CCTV footage is currently being scrutinised in a bid to discover what caused the roof to cave in.
Whatever it was, I think I had a lucky escape. It could have been much worse.
Following a healthy and safety inspection the popular gym has reopened, but there is no way that I will be going back there any time soon.
I've looked into a new venue. It has a swimming pool with a skylight roof, so you can see out of it. Although I'm still not sure I'll be getting back into the water any time soon.
Now I've got a good excuse not to go to the gym.
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LITTLE LOUIS, 2, ALMOST DIED IN A FREAK ACCIDENT DURING A GAME OF HIDE AND SEEK.
HE TRIED TO CLIMB INSIDE A WARDROBE TO SCARE HIS NAN LESLEY, 54, WHEN IT FELL ONTO HIS HEAD – FRACTURING HIS SKULL. LESLIE FOUND HER UNCONSCIOUS GRANDSON JUST IN TIME AND GAVE HIM THE KISS OF LIFE BEFORE HE WAS AIRLIFTED TO HOSPITAL AND PUT IN AN INDUCED COMA FOR FOUR DAYS.
TOLD BY PARENTS PETER, 27, AND KAYLIE.
"Louis. Louis. Where are you?" I cried moving between bedrooms, turning each one upside down trying to find him. My mischievous two-year-old was always getting lost on purpose and Hide and Seek was his favourite game.
Every morning, without fail, he would make me late as I searched the house from top to bottom trying to find him because he'd snuck off the minute my back was turned. More often than not my cheeky chappy could be found giggling from behind his bedroom door or from under his bed. Although he's not quite got the hang of the game. If Louis thinks he's been missing a bit too long we'll hear a little voice cry out, "Mum, Dad, I'm over here," and out he'll pop.
Louis never likes to leave us for too long which is why when my husband Peter, 27, offered to take me out for a meal for my birthday without him, I felt incredibly guilty. "You two go out and have a good time," my Mum Lesley reassured me as I kissed goodbye to Louis before Peter and I set off for the restaurant. The next morning we were getting ready to pick him up when suddenly my phone lit up.
"Why wouldn't they say if he was alright?" I sobbed to Peter as we grabbed our coats and made a dash for the house. Driving up the road we spotted two ambulances parked by the house my Mum Lesley had visited with Louis. As soon as we stopped I flung open the car door and dashed over to an ambulance to find Louis lying inside with an oxygen mask strapped to his face. "What has happened to you darling?" I asked softly but Louis couldn't answer because he'd been put into a coma. Luckily my mum was on hand to explain.
He must have opened the doors and tried to climb into the wardrobe but things didn't go to plan and the heavy furniture ended up falling up top of him. After hearing the loud crash my mum burst into the room to find Louis trapped underneath it as it crushed his body. She struggled to pull it off and when she eventually did she discovered Louis was unconscious. He was completely floppy and had stopped breathing.
Instead of panicking, instincts took over and my Mum gave Louis mouth to mouth – although she's never had any training she did her best to imitate what she'd seen on TV. She tired desperately to get him breathing until an ambulance arrived and once they did Louis was sedated at the scene. When Peter and I spoke to the paramedics they told us they'd have to take him to a bigger hospital than our local one – which put me at ease slightly because I knew Louis would be receiving the best care, but at the same time gave me a terrible feeling in my stomach because I knew that it meant Louis's condition was serious.
He had a small bleed on his brain – but luckily he didn't have to go in for surgery. He was in intensive care for three days he had tubes in his noses and wires all over him. He was so afraid we had to tell him they were Fireman Sam's hoses. Louis spent eight days in hospital altogether and he lost all feeling down the right side of his body. But he was still a typical boisterous two-year-old boy so naturally he wanted to be up running and jumping – his brain was saying one thing and his body was doing another.
Luckily he made a great recovery and now it's like nothing ever happened. He doesn't really doesn't remember any of it, which is a good thing but I wish he did have some recollection so he'd be a bit more careful in the future. I'm going to have to buy a crash helmet for the next time he suggests we play Hide and Seek!
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Kentucky Fried Chicken KFC, KFC. Crabs, fibre and it's a wrap! Only at KFC Wisma Atria from 8am to 11am daily.
"Kentucky Fried Chicken KFC, KFC. Crabs, fibre and it's a wrap! Only at KFC Wisma Atria from 8am to 11am daily.." (2003) Asian Studies, Baker Institute for Public Policy, Rice University: https://hdl.handle.net/1911/41627.


text:
Kong Korm (second from left), leads mourners at the Diamond Gate Bridge, the site of a stampede at the annual water festival which left nearly 350 people dead, in Phnom Penh on Nov. 28, 2010. (Photo: AFP)
Cambodian opposition advisor sued for US$500,000
Kong Korm is also under investigation for land fraud, told by PM Hun Sen to vacate his home.
by UCA News
The chief advisor of the opposition Candlelight Party is being evicted from his government-owned home and sued for US$500,000 following warnings from Prime Minister Hun Sen and allegations he had insulted the long-ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP).
The allegations were sparked after remarks by Kong Korm about a military ceremony on Jan. 7 to mark the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia which liberated the country from the Khmer Rouge in 1979, ending a mass slaughter and a genocide initiated by Pol Pot.
Two days later, Hun Sen said legal action could be taken against Kong Korm, adding lawyers had been appointed to monitor Candlelight Party supporters. If found guilty, he faces up to three years in jail and a fine of up to US$1,500.
In full: https://www.ucanews.com/news/cambodian-opposition-advisor-sued-for-us500-000/100013
New APT group targets ASEAN governments and militaries
Cambodian rapper Kea Sokun in hot water again
The Diplomat -
East Asia Forum -
Indonesia can help repair ASEAN's authoritarian drift under Cambodia's Hun Sen
Jakarta Post -

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text:
Broken Window Fallacy
PM Modi, Nehruvian Economic Policies Aren't Going to Get Us Anywhere
This is something that we should have written on a while back, but as they say it is better late than never.
In the annual budget of the government of India, presented earlier this month, the finance minister Arun Jaitley raised custom duties on a whole host of products. In his speech, Jaitley made it clear that this wasn't a one-off thing, but a change in policy direction.
As he said: "In this budget, I am making a calibrated departure from the underlying policy in the last two decades, wherein the trend largely was to reduce the customs duty. There is substantial potential for domestic value addition in certain sectors, like food processing, electronics, auto components, footwear and furniture. To further incentivise the domestic value addition and Make in India in some such sectors, I propose to increase customs duty on certain items. I propose to increase customs duty on mobile phones from 15% to 20%, on some of their parts and accessories to 15% and on certain parts of TVs to 15%. This measure will promote creation of more jobs in the country."
The customs duty has been raised on around 45 products. The maximum increase was in case of cranberry juice from 10% to 50%. (All you cranberry juice drinkers out there, maybe it is time to start appreciating the taste of chilled filtered water with a dash of lemon in it).
The idea as Jaitley explained is to create jobs within the country. With increased custom duties, imported goods will become expensive. This will make domestic goods competitive. As people buy more and more of domestic goods, the companies producing goods in India will do well. Once they do well, they will expand and create jobs in the process. Alternatively, because imports will become uncompetitive, the domestic companies can continue operating, and jobs can thus be saved. QED.
The problem with this argument is that it stinks of Nehruvian era economic policies, in particular import substitution, which was the norm in independent India, up until the economic reforms of 1991. Import substitution as a policy was introduced by Jawahar Lal Nehru and carried forward by Indira Gandhi, two individuals, the Bhartiya Janata Party keeps blaming for everything that is wrong in this country (even though we are four years into the term). At its simplest level, import substitution is basically an economic policy which promotes domestic production at the cost of imports. And it is an economic policy, which doesn't work.
As the French economist Jean Tirole writes in Economics for the Common Good: "In economic matters too, first impressions can mislead us. We look at the direct effect of an economic policy, which is easy to understand, and we stop there. Most of the time we are not aware of the indirect effects. We do not understand the problem in its entirety. Yet secondary or indirect effects can easily make a well-intentioned policy toxic."
What does Tirole mean here? Another French economist Frédéric Bastiat explains what secondary or indirect effects are, through the broken window fallacy.
Bastiat basically talks about a shopkeeper's careless son breaking a pane of a glass window. He then goes on to say that those present would say: "It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. Everybody must live, and what would become of glaziers if panes of glass were never broken."
The point being that if windows weren't broken, how would those repairing windows, the glaziers that is, ever make a living. This seems like a fair question to ask, but things aren't as simple as that.
As Bastiat writes in Essays on Political Economy: "This form of condolence contains an entire theory, which it will be well to show up in this simple case, seeing that it is precisely the same as that which, unhappily, regulates the greater part of our economical institutions."
Bastiat then goes on to explain what exactly he means by this. Let's say replacing the pane of the broken window costs 6 francs. This is the amount that the shopkeeper pays the glazier. If the shopkeeper's son would not have broken the window there was no way that the glazier could have earned these six francs.
As Bastiat puts it: "The glazier comes, performs his task, receives his six francs, rubs his hands, and, in his heart, blesses the careless child. All this is that which is seen." This leads us to conclude that breaking windows is a good thing because it leads to money circulating and those who repair broken windows doing well in the process.
Nevertheless, this is just one side of the argument. As Bastiat writes: "It is not seen that our shopkeeper has spent six francs upon one thing, he cannot spend them upon another. It is not seen that if he had not had a window to replace, he would, perhaps have replaced his old shoes, or added a book to his library. In short, he would have employed his six francs in some way which this accident prevented."
How does this apply in the case of the Narendra Modi government increasing custom duties on a whole host of products? The seen effect of this, as already explained above, is that domestic Indian companies can compete with cheaper imports because of the custom duties being increased. This is likely to create jobs and if not, it is at least likely to save jobs. This is the first order effect or the seen effect.
What is the second order effect or the unseen effect? It is well worth remembering here that consumers only have so much money to spend. If cheaper imports no longer remain cheaper because of an increase in custom duties, the consumers have to pay a higher price for the goods made by domestic companies. Once this happens, they are likely to cut their spending on some other front.
The trouble is that this some other front on which consumers cut their spending, is not easily identifiable. Once consumers cut their spending on other fronts, some domestic businesses are not going to do well, and jobs will be lost there. The trouble is this is not something which is very obvious. It is an unseen effect.
If the consumers keep spending the same amount of money as before, they will end up cutting down on their savings, which isn't necessarily a good thing. As Henry Hazlitt writes in Economics in One Lesson: "The fallacy… comes from noticing only the results that are immediately seen, and neglecting the results that are not seen."
Another point that needs to be made here is that the domestic companies are organised well enough to lobby with the government. The end consumer never is.
Increasing customs duties is not a solution to creating jobs. For jobs to be created Indian firms need to be globally competitive. When companies produce for the global market, they need to compete with the best in the world. This automatically leads to a situation wherein the products which a company produces need to be globally competitive. On the other hand, when import substitution is the norm and companies need to produce just for the internal market, almost anything goes. This explains why the Indian corporate sector on the whole, has not been able to be competitive on the global front. It has still not been able to come out of the import substitution era. (We hope people do remember the Ambassador Car which had the same engine between 1944 and 1982.)
In order to be globally competitive, India needs to introduce a whole host of reforms, from labour law reforms to land reforms. It needs to start pricing electricity correctly. The governments need to control their fiscal deficits to ensure that they don't push up interest rates in the long-term. Our education system needs a paradigm shift (We find this phrase absolutely cringeworthy, but nothing explains the situation better). The corporate bond market needs to function much better than it currently is. The number of inspectors that an average business needs to deal with has to come down. The paper work needs to be simplified. All these distortions in the system need to go.
Long story short—going back to Nehruvian economics is not going to do any good to the country. The sooner Narendra Modi understands this, the better it will be for India. India has suffered enough because of the mess initiated by the economic policies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi. And there is no point, going back to it.
The column originally appeared in Equitymaster on February 19, 2018.
Categories Equitymaster, Vivek Kaul's Diary Tags Arun Jaitley, Broken Window Fallacy, Custom duties, Indira Gandhi, Jawahar Lal Nehru, Narendra Modi
Is the 26 Week Maternity Benefit Really a Benefit?
Last week, the Parliament passed the Maternity Benefit Bill. Once the President gives his assent to the Bill and it becomes an Act, women will be entitled to a maternity leave of 26 weeks. Currently, it stands at 12 weeks.
The new law will apply to organisations employing 10 or more people. It will be available only for the first two children. Beyond that the leave will be limited to 12 weeks. The prime minister Narendra Modi called it "a landmark moment in our efforts towards women-led development". The labour minister Bandaru Dattatreya said the new Bill was his humble gift to women.
Nevertheless, the question is, is this really a gift to women? Before I answer this, let's try and understand a concept called the broken window fallacy. This concept was put forward by the nineteenth century French economist Frédéric Bastiat.
Bastiat then goes on to explain what exactly does he mean by this. Let's say replacing the pane of the broken window costs 6 francs. This is the amount that the shopkeeper pays the glazier. If the shopkeeper's son would not have broken the window there was no way that the glazier could have earned these six francs.
Now how does all this apply in case of the 26-week maternity benefit? Like the above case, there is a seen part to the benefit and an unseen part. The seen part of the benefit is very obvious. Women currently working in establishments with 10 or more people will get a 26 week maternity benefit during pregnancy. Of course, it is more than likely that this benefit will be limited to the organised sector. It is unlikely to benefit women working in the unorganised sector, which forms a bulk of the lot.
Further, this seen part comes with a cost attached to it. Small and big establishments will have to pay an employee for half a year her full salary, when she is not available at work. While, the big establishments will be able to manage this, the small ones won't. Hence, the likely unseen impact of this is going to lead to managers not hiring women of child bearing age.
A newsreport in The Guardian points out: "A survey of 500 managers by law firm Slater & Gordon showed that more than 40% admitted they are generally wary of hiring a woman of childbearing age, while a similar number would be wary of hiring a woman who has already had a child or hiring a mother for a senior role." This evidence is from the United Kingdom. Along similar lines, increasing the maternity benefit to 26 weeks is going to ensure that Indian managers will work along similar lines, not that they don't already.
This is not to suggest that women should not be entitled to an extended leave post child-birth. Nevertheless, it is only fair to keep in mind that perfect is the enemy of good. The male-female ratio in most of corporate India is anyway lopsided to begin with. As an October 2015 report in The Economic Times points out: "The fairer sex comprises less than 2% of the workforce of marquee companies like Adani Ports, Bajaj Auto, Grasim, UltraTech and Hero MotoCorp." The 26-week maternity benefit is likely to make it worse and that is clearly not a good thing.
Further, this is in line with the Indian tendency to implement welfare measures much ahead of economic growth.
The other unseen impact of this move is that with a 26-week maternity leave, the mother is likely to become even more of a primary caregiver to the child, during the initial days. Hence, to that extent the extension of maternity benefit is patriarchal in nature. And that possibly cannot be a good thing.
The column originally appeared on Pragati.com on March 14, 2017
Categories Pragati Tags Broken Window Fallacy, Frédéric Bastiat, Maternity Benefit Bill
Broken Window Fallacy: What Falling Vegetable Prices Tell Us About Notebandi
The negative effects of demonetisation have now reached a stage wherein there is enough data available to discuss the concept of the broken window fallacy. This fallacy explains beautifully the ill-effects of demonetisation or notebandi in a very simple and straightforward way.
The French economist Frédéric Bastiat discusses this fallacy in his 1874 book That Which is Seen, and That Which is Not Seen. He talks about the anger of a good shopkeeper whose careless son has happened to break a pane of a glass window.
As Basitat writes: "If you have been present at such a scene, you will most assuredly bear witness to the fact, that every one of the spectators, were there even thirty of them, by common consent apparently, offered the unfortunate owner this invariable consolation-"It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. Everybody must live, and what would become of the glaziers if panes of glass were never broken?"
The point being if window glasses were never broken what would glaziers ever do? A glazier is essentially person who fits glass into windows and doors. Without broken window glasses, there would be almost no work for glaziers.
As Basitat writes: "Suppose it cost six francs to repair the damage, and you say that the accident brings six francs to the glazier's trade-that it encourages that trade to the amount of six francs-I grant it, I have not a word to say against it; you reason justly. The glazier comes, performs his task, receives his six francs, rubs his hands, and, in his heart, blesses the careless child. All this is that which is seen."
But what about that which is not seen? "It is not seen that as our shopkeeper has spent six francs upon one thing, he cannot spend them upon another. It is not seen that if he had not had a window to replace, he would, perhaps, have replaced his old shoes, or added another book to his library. In short, he would have employed his six francs in some way which this accident has prevented," writes Bastiat.
So how does all this apply to demonetisation? The phrases to mark in the above paragraphs are that which is seen and that which is not seen. As economist Jim Walker of Asianomics put it in a recent research note: "It is likely that the demonetisation exercise will throw up very little, and certainly transient, weaknesses in measurements of the formal economy. It will be claimed, because it can be seen, that the pain was small and transient."
This is clearly seen in the post demonetisation revised GDP estimates (or to put it simply economic growth estimates). Most economists have cut their economic growth estimates by less than 100 basis points. One basis point is one hundredth of a percentage.
Take the case of the National Council of Applied Economic Research. It recently cut the Indian economic growth forecast by 70 basis points to 6.9 per cent. Earlier it had forecast an economic growth of 7.6 per cent for 2016-2017.
Or take the case of Moody's Investors Service. It recently cut the Indian economic growth forecast by 40 basis points to 7.1 per cent, from the earlier 7.5 per cent. The Reserve Bank of India has cut the growth forecast by 70 basis points to 6.9 per cent, from the earlier 7.6 per cent.
Hence, India is widely expected to grow by around 7 per cent in the current financial year. Before demonetisation was announced, it was expected to grow by around 7.6 per cent. Hence, that is a drop of around 60 basis points. Given this small fall, those in favour of demonetisation will claim that the negative impact of demonetisation hasn't been much.
But this is what Bastiat called that which can be seen. The problem is with the unseen part, which is India's huge informal economy. As Walker puts it: "Since by definition it is not measured, the detrimental and potentially lasting effects on the informal economy are impossible to observe, precisely because it is not measured."
This is a point I have made in few of my recent columns. (You can read them here and here). This point is made in the latest Economic Survey as well, a document published by the ministry of finance. As the Survey pointed out: "It is clear that recorded GDP growth in the second half of FY2017 [October 2016 to March 2017] will understate the overall impact because the most affected parts of the economy-informal and cash based-are either not captured in the national income accounts [basically the gross domestic product]."
Hence, a large part of the damage because of demonetisation will remain unseen. This will happen because of two reasons, one because a lot of it will remain unmeasured and two, because a lot of it won't make it to the national media, which primarily operates out of New Delhi.
Take the case of vegetable prices. Take a look at Figure 1. It shows the vegetable price inflation since November 2015, using the wholesale price index (WPI) data.
As is clear from Figure 1, the vegetable price inflation was at around 28.5 per cent in July 2016. Since then it has been falling and has been in negative territory since September 2016, with a major fall coming in after demonetisation in November 2016. In December 2016, wholesale vegetable prices fell by a third in comparison to a year earlier. In January 2017, the situation continued.
This damage has primarily happened because the vegetable supply chain in the country works primarily on cash. As analysts Ritika Mankar Mukherjee and Sumit Shekhar of Ambit Capital write in a research note: "The core theme which was discernible across India was that the prices of perishables, such as vegetable, have crashed as farmers are unable to sell their produce as their supply chains are entirely cash driven. For instance, cauliflower and pea farmers in a village in Haryana (near Panipat) told us that they had to trash their produce entirely as there were no buyers."
With not enough cash going around, transactions for buying and selling of vegetables could not be carried out in the same volume as was the case before notebandi. This has led to a situation where the farmers have had to trash their produce. This is the unseen damage of demonetisation that will never be talked about.
Also, this damage will have a multiplier effect. Given that farmers producing vegetables are ending up with a lot of waste despite a bumper crop, it means that they will not earn as much money as they were hoping to. This will have an impact on their consumption as well. As I had written sometime back, two-wheeler sales have already crashed big time.
The analysts also add: "Whilst farmers were confident that as the cash comes back into the system the situation will improve, they lamented about the fact that the bumper vegetable season was destroyed because of demonetisation."
How soon the situation improves is not unseen, but it remains to be seen.
The column originally appeared on Equitymaster on February 28, 2017
Categories Equitymaster, Vivek Kaul's Diary Tags Broken Window Fallacy, demonetisation, Frédéric Bastiat, notebandi
Beedis are fine, but smoking cigarettes stick by stick is injurious to health
News-reports suggest that the government is planning to ban the sale of loose cigarettes. Sagarika Mukherjee an analyst with SBI Caps points out that 70% of the cigarettes sold in India are sold loose.
Further, a November 26 news-eport in the Mumbai Mirror says "The union health ministry on Tuesday recommended a ban on the sale of unpackaged cigarettes to deter smokers from graduating to buying full packs."
The health minister JP Nadda said in the Rajya Sabha on November 25 that the ministry had accepted the recommendations of a seven member committee on the "prohibition on sale of loose or single stick of cigarette, increasing the minimum legal age for sale of tobacco products, increasing the fine or penalty amounts for violation of certain provisions of the Act as well as making such offences cognizable".
On the face of it this seems to be a good decision. We all know that cigarette smoking is injurious to health. Nevertheless, before the sale of loose cigarettes is actually banned there are several other points that need to be taken into account.
Governments normally tend to see what is only immediately obvious and ignore the secondary consequences. The economist Henry Hazlitt calls this the broken window fallacy. He explains this through an example in his book Economics in One Lesson.
A young hoodlum throws a stone at a shop's window and breaks it. By the time the shopkeeper realises what has happened and comes out of the shop, the boy has already escaped. As often happens in these cases, a crowd gathers around, first trying to figure out what has happened and then offers its own analysis on the scenario. In sometime, the crowd decides rather philosophically that what happened was for the good.
As Hazlitt writes "After a while the crowd feels the need for philosophic reflection…It will make business for some glazier….After all, if windows were never broken, what would happen to the glass business?"
With the shopkeeper now having to repair the window, the glazier would earn more money. He would thus have more money to spend and would spend it in the days to come. And this would benefit other businessmen. "The smashed window will go on providing money and employment in ever-widening circles. The logical conclusion from all this would be…that the little hoodlum who threw the stone, far from being a public menace, was a public benefactor," writes Hazlitt.
All this sounds very straightforward. But what it does not take into account is the fact that the shopkeeper would have to spend money in order to get the window repaired. And he may have earmarked to spend the money on something else.
In Hazlitt's example, the shopkeeper wanted to buy a suit. Now that he has to spend money on getting the window repaired, he would have no money to buy a suit. As Hazlitt writes "The people in the crowd were thinking only of two parties to the transaction, [the shopkeeper] and the glazer. They had forgotten the potential third party involved, the tailor [who would have made the suit]. They forgot him precisely because he will not now enter the scene. They will see the new window in the next day or two. They will never see the extra suit, precisely because it will never be made. They see only what is immediately visible to the eye…It is the fallacy of overlooking secondary consequences."
Many government decisions are plagued with the fallacy of overlooking secondary consequences. The recommendation to ban the sale of loose cigarettes also overlooks several secondary consequences. Also, it stinks of hypocrisy and is the kind of micromanaging which governments should be avoiding.
Typically, most people who buy loose cigarettes are ones who cannot afford to buy a packet at one go. If loose cigarettes are banned will these people stop smoking? Most likely not. They will either save up and buy a packet every few days.
Or they will simply move on to a cheaper substitute, which in this case would be beedis. Beedis because they do not have a filter are a bigger health hazard than cigarettes with filters are. And chances are the government will end up spending more money in trying to cure tobacco related illnesses, in the years to come.
Further, the question is how will the government implement such a ban? Cigarettes aren't exactly sold through a few big stores around the country which can be monitored. They are sold by millions of paan wallahs through the length and the breadth of the country. Mukherjee of SBI Caps puts the number of shops selling cigarettes from anywhere between seven to eight million.
I used to live in Hyderabad in the early 2000s, when the erstwhile Andhra Pradesh government decided to ban gutka. All that happened was that the paan wallahs stopped displaying gutka packets in the open and started keeping them in their pockets.
Further, they even demanded a premium to the maximum retail price. The police was suitably bribed to look the other way. Gutka which was freely available in states around Andhra Pradesh continued to be smuggled in.
Another logic offered in support of not allowing the sale of single sticks is that when a packet is sold, it contains graphic images showing the ill-effects of smoking. When loose cigarettes are sold, individuals buying those cigarettes don't see those graphic images. Hence, sale of loose cigarettes should not be allowed.
Other countries in Asia have banned the sale of loose cigarettes using the logic explained above. So, the cigarette companies there simply moved to producing smaller packets. The committee whose recommendations the health ministry has accepted has already recommended that smaller packets should not be allowed. But this is where you start to discriminate between those who can afford to buy a cigarette pack and those who can't.
Mukherjee of SBI Caps points out that only 12% of the tobacco consumption in the country happens through cigarettes. And cigarette companies contribute a major portion of the excise duty and other taxes collected from the tobacco industry. So, if the government is serious about tackling tobacco consumption why not look where the real problem is? Attacking the beedi sector will be a difficult thing to do, given that the beedi barons are politically very well connected.
Another thing that needs to be pointed out here is that the government of India owns around one third of ITC, a company which controls 80% of the Indian tobacco market. The Life Insurance Corporation of India owns 14.5% stake, followed by the Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India (SU-UTII) which owns 11.25% and the four general insurance companies together own 6.78% in the tobacco major.
This stake of LIC, SU-UTI and the four general insurance companies, in ITC, as on November 26, 2014, was worth a whopping Rs 94,241 crore. The actual stake of the government will be worth much more once one takes into account the holdings of government owned mutual funds as well.
If the government is serious about discouraging tobacco consumption, the first thing it needs to do is sell its stake in ITC and then take it on from there. This money could be put to good use by helping specialized cancer hospitals in the country to expand their infrastructure or to even set up new ones. Then there is also the case of the government subsidizing fertilizers, a portion of which goes into tobacco farming as well.
The beedi industry does not face the same kind of taxes that the cigarette industry does. Why not do away with that anomaly? In a recent column Swaminathan Aiyar talks about a column he wrote in 2009. At that point time Indians consumed around one trillion beedis per year against 106 billion cigarettes. If the taxes on beedis and nonfilter cigarettes were equalized it would have yielded an additional revenue of Rs 15,000 crore per year, back then. If taxes on beedis were equalised to the level of tax on a standard filter cigarette, it would have yielded an additional tax of Rs 80,000 crore per year. If such a tax is implemented now, the numbers will be higher.
What all this clearly tells us is that targeting just loose cigarettes doesn't make any sense. If tobacco consumption is to be brought down, it needs a more holistic solution than what is being currently offered. The current government like most governments before it has fallen victim to the broken window fallacy.
Disclosure: I do not smoke. And I would like to thank PV Subramanyan for explaining several points that I made in this piece.
The article appeared originally on www.equitymaster.com on Nov 27, 2014
Categories Analysis, Books, Business, Equitymaster Tags Beedis, Broken Window Fallacy, Cigarettes, gutka, ITC, Loose cigarettes
A bit rich: Why is discount king Kishore Biyani ranting against Flipkart sale?
If you shout loud enough someone is bound to hear.
Over the last couple of days the offline retail players led by the likes of Kishore Biyani have been shouting from the rooftops about Flipkart and othe retail players indulging in predatory pricing and selling products below cost.
As a very patriotic sounding Biyani told The Economic Times "How can someone sell products below its manufacturing price? This is legally not allowed in the country. Someone can do such undercutting only to destroy competition. Just because they have foreign funding, they can't kill local trade like that."
He hasn't been the only one whining against the discounts offered by the ecommerce companies like Flipkart. Praveen Khandelwal of Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT) said that the association has already approached the Ministry of Commerce. "We do not understand how online retailers gave 60-70% discounts. The prices at which they sold merchandise are lower than our purchase prices. This is a clear case of predatory pricing."
These noises have reached the government. "We have received many inputs regarding Flipkart episode. Lot of concern have been expressed and we will look into it. Now there are many complaints. We will study the matter… Whether there is a need for a separate policy or some kind of clarification is needed, we will make it clear soon" Commerce and Industry Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said yesterday.
The first question is why should the government look into what is basically finally some healthy competition in the retail sector. Henry Hazlitt explains this beautifully in his book Economics in One Lesson. As he writes "The persistent tendency of men [is] to see only the immediate effects of a given policy, or its effects only on a special group, and to neglect to inquire what the long-run effects of that policy will be not only on that special group but on all groups."
The offline retailers have managed to attract the attention of the government and now the government wants to look into the matter of discounts offered by ecommerce companies. Chances are that the government in the process of looking into the matter will fall victim to what Hazlitt calls the broken window fallacy.
So what exactly is the broken window fallacy? Hazlitt explains this through an example. A young hoodlum throws a stone and breaks a shop window. By the time the shopkeeper comes out, the boy has manage to disappear. A crowd starts to gather and a discussion starts. In sometime, the crowd decides rather philosophically that what happened was for the good.
As Hazlitt writes "After a while the crowd feels the need for philosophic reflection…It will make business for some glazier….After all, if windows were never broken, what would happen to the glass business?" The glazier will have more money to spend. And this will benefit other merchants. "The smashed window will go on providing money and employment in ever-widening circles. The logical conclusion from all this would be…that the little hoodlum who threw the stone, far from being a public menace, was a public benefactor," writes Hazlitt.
On the face of it this sounds perfectly normal. But what it does not take into account is the fact that the shopkeeper will have to spend money in order to get the window repaired. And this money he could have spent on something else. In the example that Hazlitt has in his book the shopkeeper wanted to buy a suit. Now he can't possibly buy the suit because the money has been spent on getting the window repaired.
As Hazlitt writes "The people in the crowd were thinking only of two parties to the transaction, [the shopkeeper] and the glazer. They had forgotten the potential third party involved, the tailor [who would have made the suit]. They forgot him precisely because he will not now enter the scene. They will see the new window in the next day or two. They will never see the extra suit, precisely because it will never be made. They see only what is immediately visible to the eye…It is the fallacy of overlooking secondary consequences."
A similar thing seems to be playing out now in the battle between the ecommerce companies and the offline retailers. In the process the government, like the crowd in Hazlitt's example, is likely to forget about the third party in the transaction i.e. the end consumer.
As I had explained in a piece yesterday, the end consumer has benefited from the discounts on offer by the ecommerce companies. While, there may have been problems with Flipkart's recent Big Billion Day Sale, the discounts on offer on most days are genuine. And this benefits the consumers.
Ecommerce companies can offer these discounts because they do not require to maintain the massive physical infrastructure that offline retailers need to do. Over and above this, they do not need to maintain massive physical inventory and at the same time can cut through the distribution chain. These things help keep costs low, which in turn leads to discounts.
The end consumer benefits through discounts. He also now has more choice. Take the case of books. I am a big fan of crime fiction in general and Scandinavian crime fiction (translated into English) in particular. I can now buy almost all the Scandinavian crime fiction that has been translated into English from websites selling books. At the same time the choice of crime fiction available at a book store is fairly limited.
Let's take another example shared by a friend who lives in a small town and has recently had a baby. The supply of quality diapers in his town is rather patchy. He now simply orders them online.
Further, the consumer also has more choice now when it comes to spending his money. If a consumer buys a product that costs Rs 1,000 offline at Rs 800 online, he is left with Rs 200. That money he can spend somewhere else. This will also benefit some business at the end of the day. The trouble of course is that no one knows where the consumer will end up spending the Rs 200 that he saves by buying online. Hence, a coherent argument in favour of the consumer cannot be made.
So, the likes of Biyani and his ilk may be complaining but the end consumer has benefited from the ecommerce revolution that is taking place. Another argument being offered is that ecommerce companies are taking over the business of offline retailers. As a retailer told The Hindu Business Line "The consuming class in India is in the age group of 18-30. Incidentally, they are also the ones who are driving up sales in the online space. This may erode our customer base."
The next level of this argument will be that if this continues, then the offline retailers will have to start firing people. Hence, many people will end up losing jobs. The problem with this argument is that it again does not take the consumer into account.
Take the case of mobile phone retailers who are facing a tough time because of the discounts offered on mobile phones by ecommerce companies. The question is how many mobile phone consumers does this country have in comparison to mobile phone retailers. The number of mobile phone users is many many times the number of mobile phone retailers. So yes, mobile phone retailers are having a tough time, but the mobile phone users are benefiting (or have the potential to benefit) from the discounts being offered by the ecommerce companies and this cannot be ignored.
Further, the offline retailers have accused ecommerce companies of dumping their goods as well as predatory pricing. Sunil Jain demolishes these arguments in today's edition of The Financial Express.
The question that Jain asks is that does Flipkart have the market power to dump goods? The entire e-retail sector in this country is selling goods worth around $4 billion, as per data from consulting firm Technopack. This is not even 1% of the $500 billion consumer market. And Flipkart is a fraction of that 1%. So, it doesn't really have the market power to dump goods?
Further, Flipkart and other websites have been accused to selling things below cost. As Jain writes "Biyani and the others making this case will have to prove it. Just because a sale is taking place below the maximum retail price (MRP) doesn't make it below-cost. Let's say an article costs Rs 100 but has an MRP of Rs 200—that's a pretty standard thing for most goods. The difference between the two is what comprises trade margins, shared between wholesalers and retailers. So as long as Flipkart is selling at over Rs 100, it is difficult to make a case for it selling below-cost—though…that is also permissible till such time that Flipkart is a dominant player."
Also, if the selling below cost argument is taken to its logical conclusion then the "loss-leader" concept in retail chains will also have to come to an end. Investopedia defines this as a strategy " in which a business offers a product or service at a price that is not profitable for the sake of offering another product/service at a greater profit or to attract new customers." Airline seats being sold on a discount at the last minute will also have to stop.
It is worth remembering here that technical progress always throws people out of jobs and puts the incumbents in tough situations. Ecommerce is doing precisely that with offline retail. So does that mean there should be no ecommerce?
Hazlitt explains it best when he writes: "The technophobes, if they were logical and consistent, would have to dismiss all this progress and ingenuity as not only useless but vicious. Why should freight be carried from Chicago to New York by railroad when we could employ enormously more men, for example, to carry it all on their backs?"
PS: The irony is that Kishore Biyani who built a good part of his business by offering huge discounts over long weekends and thus created troubles for many a kirana shop, is now having problems with the same strategy.
The article originally appeared on www.FirstBiz.com on Oct 9,2014
(Vivek Kaul is the author of the Easy Money trilogy. He tweets @kaul_vivek)
Categories Analysis, Business, FirstBiz Tags Broken Window Fallacy, Economics in One Lesson, Flipkart, Henry Hazlitt, kishore biyani


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Surinder Sahni: Yesterday, I saw her for the first time, and as I saw her, I immediately fell in love.
A delicious over-cooked Indian dinner.
A poorly tailored trailer does not begin to describe what is one couple's journey from the ordinary Jodi to extraordinary Jodi.
It's a Simple life story of a ordinary couple which goes from many ups and downs and finally typical Indian ending. What else one can need ?? My first impressions were, 'WOW, this Shahrukh guy has a tremendous screen presence (but, yikes, what a profile!)' and 'I love the old guy with the black hair' but still the potential of the character is very real with a touch of grass root and it's totally judged by king Khan. This is ShahRukh's best performance after "SWADES". "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" is a common man real life drama made into a modish glamorous movie. The film has a knowable love story made to look like an extraordinary film by Aditya Chopra as it comes with intense emotions, songs, dances, drama and succeeds in touching hearts of audiences. You enjoy, cry and have fun watching the film. Performance of Shahrukh is at its best and Anushka is made to match him.
Aditya Chopra writes and directs ably proving that his first movie "DDLJ" was no fluke . In fact "MOHABBATEIN" carries the same theme of love way ahead of "DDLJ" but in case of "RNBDJ" it's really disappointing. The dialogues are average but yes Shahrukh is surely over the top... but isn't that the reason why he is where he is today. no character has to justify their actions but for the fact that they are driven by their emotions... which is pretty common among common human beings..
The problem I have is with what exactly message the movie wants to spread? I feel that the movie is trying to say, love first other things later. Other things including personal relationships, office work and careers.
But to be honest, I didn't like this movie much, and after seeing about 100 Hindi films since then, I still don't like it much. It has some great songs that are almost completely destroyed by the ancient and I still can't sit through the endless love stories of the couple.
You don't have action thrills suspense but those going for Shahrukh Khan's film, can watch the movie. Since the film is coming with high expectations many won't find it up to their thoughts.
Overall, the story and the execution is a let down. The performances are decent and the movie sure has some light moments that would make you smile and laugh. The film fits all generations, families and ages and it can be expected to be a hit film. At the all important box-office, the opening has been surprisingly not upto expectations for such a huge film. It should pick up over the weekend. Going past the Week 1 figures of either Singh Is King or Om Shanti Om seems highly unlikely.
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The Transnational Boxing Rankings Board: Year One
July 28, 2020 October 10, 2013 by Springs Toledo
— click here for the boxing rankings — "Boxing is tainted," said Floyd Mayweather a few weeks ago. "There are too many belts, too many champions."
Anyone at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas on September 14th would have noticed an Elvis-worthy display case featuring Mayweather's robes, gloves, and boots from past bouts. Several acronym-emblazoned "championship" belts were also featured. In a moment of clarity, the best pound-for-pound fighter on the planet waved them off— "I think we should have one belt and that's it."
"It's so crazy how I beat Miguel Cotto for the WBA Junior middleweight championship, right?" Mayweather said. "So how did Austin Trout beat Cotto for the WBA Championship and how is Canelo the WBA Champ?"
The WBA is the same cockeyed governing body that stripped Muhammad Ali when he gave Sonny Liston a rematch in 1965, prompting a laugh from sports writer Jimmy Cannon: "One word from them and the fight mob does as it pleases." In 1970, they ranked Joe Frazier #7 after he refused to participate in a tournament they were sponsoring. He was at his peak. In the eighties, bribes and pay-offs for higher rankings came to light. Today, despite the fact that there are only seventeen weight divisions, they identify thirty-five champions with an assortment of belts and vivid imaginations.
The WBA is one among many sanctioning bodies flourishing in an unregulated era where anyone and everything is up for grabs. Their trick titles are unwittingly propped up by fighters and puffed up by network executives operating under misguided assumptions about what fans really want.
What do fans really want? It begins with the truth.
The Transnational Boxing Rankings Board was formed one year ago October 11th on behalf of every fan, fighter, writer, and media figure fed up with fifty years of confusion and corruption. Our mandate springs from the best efforts of the past to "provide boxing with authoritative top-ten rankings, identify the singular world champion of every division based on strict reasoning and common sense, and to insist on the sport's reform."
Read: Tony Yoka to face Filip Hrgovic in IBF title eliminator
What began with twenty-five boxing writers and record keepers representing twelve countries between the Americas and Australia has since increased to thirty-five representing fifteen countries now including Japan, New Zealand, and the Philippines.
What began as monthly rankings was soon switched to weekly rankings published online every Tuesday (www.tbrb.org). Boxing historians in the membership pointed out that the tradition of "official monthly rankings" stretches back to 1928 and is worth preserving; these now appear in the "archives" section of the "Rankings" tab. We have also added a "Pound-for-Pound List" and a "Successions" tab presenting an abbreviated history behind each divisional throne. A Spanish-language version of the charter recently appeared on the home page of the website and there are plans to establish multi-lingual versions of the website.
Without Allies, We're Bums The success of this initiative is dependent on the support of fans and media buzz. Over the past year, we have much to be grateful for.
Barely two weeks after our inaugural rankings were published, the initiative was mentioned on the Wall Street Journal website, founding member Tim Starks was interviewed by The Classical, and the rankings earned a place on the popular Boxing.com and were adopted exclusively by The Sweet Science.com and East Side Boxing (which also hosts a thread monitored by member Matt McGrain that has received over 34,600 hits thus far). A number of other websites have also adopted the rankings, including Mexico's Esquina Boxeo and Italy's boxeringweb.net, and they have been featured in The New Yorker, The Guardian, and NPR. Our Twitter account is nearing a thousand and we have approximately eight thousand social media shares directly from the website with an untold number of visits by other means.
Early in 2013, ESPN commentator Teddy Atlas contacted this writer to learn more about what we are trying to do for boxing. He decided to support the effort and on the March 29th edition of Friday Night Fights, he did so. The segment began with an on-air question posed to Atlas: "Is something like this good for the sport?"
"It's not good—it's great." Atlas replied. "It might save the sport."
In August, Friday Night Fights included a featherweight bout between Jesus Cuellar and Claudio Marrero. Neither fighter was ranked in the Transnational Boxing Rankings, though the WBA inexplicably had Marrero at number-two and Cuellar at four. Atlas shook his head at that. "It makes you wonder about some of these ratings," he said. "When are we gonna get some real ratings committees? I think there's one out there." The Transnational Boxing Rankings, he said, is "a group of national and international writers that have no biases. They have no agendas. They call it the way it is and they rate it the way it is."
The Robbery Clause "We wuz robbed!" Manager Joe Jacobs shouted into a radio man's microphone minutes after Max Schmeling lost a decision to Jack Sharkey for the heavyweight championship of the world. Since that night in 1932, the term "robbery" has been used as a descriptive whenever the wrong man is declared the winner.
Eighty years to the month later, we introduced the robbery clause into our charter to address a major problem in boxing. If more than 75% of the Board believes that the judges' decision in a non-championship fight is egregious enough to constitute a robbery, we reserve the right to rank the official loser over the official winner, effectively overturning the decision.
The Divisional Thrones Upwards of 90% of those routinely announced as champions are actually contenders. This is a focal point of a charter that rejects shortcuts and appointments to the top of the division. We look toward the path of combat to fill each divisional throne. If vacant, only the two top-ranked contenders can fight for it. This iron rule, controversial to some, is all that makes sense in boxing. And it is working better than we anticipated. When we began one year ago, we recognized four successions that began the moment a victor was declared in a bout between the rightful top two RING-ranked contenders. Since then, Wladimir Klitschko has finally and convincingly assumed the heavyweight throne. Three more thrones have also been seized under our auspices as the new authority for a total of eight.
Read: Joe Smith Jr. vs. Steve Geffrard - weights
The seventh was seized in September when Mayweather himself defeated Canelo Alvarez, his next-best rival in the Jr. middleweight division. The bout was announced as a defense of his WBA "Super Title" which isn't worth a fraction of the $1,245,000 sanctioning fee. The truth is far more significant than seven figures or silly belts. The truth is, Mayweather has the last laugh; someone should tell him he's a king.
His throne, recognized by a new rankings board with an old mandate, is not for sale. Four of us were there bearing witness —and keeping our hands in our own pockets.
Floyd Mayweather's comments found on mayweatherpromotions.com ("The One Mayweather vs. Canelo" Floyd Mayweather Media Conference Call Transcript, 9/6/2013).
Special thanks to Teddy Atlas for his efforts on our behalf and for all he has done and continues to do for the sport we love.
The Transnational Boxing Rankings are found at www.tbrb.org.
Springs Toledo can be contacted at scalinatella@hotmail.com.
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London | November 2016
When do words and images become more than the sum of their parts? How does a love of Tin Tin lead to the creation of deep and meaningful stories about climate change and chronic illness?
Graphic novelist Emily Haworth-Booth tells me about the varied path she took to writing and illustrating her first book.
Emily in her studio at home in London, October 2016
When did you first become interested in graphic novels?
In university I started drawing little cartoons of my teachers in class, just to make my friends laugh. I enjoyed creating some illegal laughter in the quiet library.
Then I started making little books and short stories. As soon as I started putting pictures together with words it was like a chemical reaction for me that just made sense. Elements seemed to become a lot stronger. The drawings seemed to come alive when they had words with them and the words were much easier to write when they had drawings with them.
I discovered graphic novels a couple of years after that when a boyfriend gave me a copy of Jimmy Corrigan: The Smartest Kid on Earth by Chris Ware, which is still one of my favourite graphic novels ever. He's a genius. He reinvented the form.
I didn't even know that these things called graphic novels existed. I used to read TinTin when I was little which I loved but I didn't realise that you could tell these kinds of stories – stories that are really poetic and have so much depth – in this way. Stories that are about the human condition and are as interesting as any piece of literature I had read at university. That's when I realised that this is what I want to do.
How did you go about making this a reality?
I started to gather as many of the skills I thought were important as I could. I looked at going to art school but they didn't seem to offer the kind of thing I wanted, so I built my own training. I took different kinds of drawing courses at the Prince's Drawing School, which is now the Royal Drawing School where I teach. Then I started taking courses in design and typography and photoshop. I also managed to do a couple of internships in America, one in graphic design and one in printmaking. So I gradually built up these skills. I also started doing performance, and did stand up for a year on the amateur circuit of open mic nights. It all seemed a bit random at the time but in hindsight it all makes sense because it's all about expression and the body and how words and images go together. When you're doing stand up, especially as a woman, the words that you speak undercut or reinforce the image that you are presenting.
When you draw your characters, you're kind of acting through them. It's all about characterisation, and empathy and body language.
Where do your ideas come from?
The ideas are always there because I'm making autobiographical work most of the time. I don't have a problem with ideas because they're usually things that have happened in my life. When I first started I made work about small things that happened in my daily life, something I thought was funny, or something that annoyed. It was therapeutic in a way to to express those things through drawing and text.
I got really lucky early on – I made this story autobiographical about a little domestic quarrel and it was placed as runner up in the Jonathan Cape Observer competition. That really encouraged me to keep going in that vein. If I hadn't had that external encouragement I might have started to think that the subject matter was a bit embarrassing.
Read the full version of 'What Do Other Married People Talk About' here
In 2013 Emily's graphic short story 'Colonic' won first prize in the same competition, the Observer/Cape/Comica awards.
Read the full version of Colonic here
Do you have a particular process of working that you find helpful?
Yes. I work on A5 sheets of office paper and I tear them into either 6, 9 or 12 pieces and draw on the loose squares. Even though I am usually working in a sequence, and often I will keep that sequence, this method sort of tricks me into thinking that keeping the sequence doesn't matter. I have been doing this for ten years or so and I still need to trick myself into thinking that it's ok to make a mistake.
These drawings are always the best drawings that I do because they are so free, when I think that it doesn't matter. As soon as I think, 'this is the drawing' I freeze up. It's still a struggle for me to keep my finished drawings as loose and energetic as my rough drawings are. That's one of my biggest challenges.
I draw my story on these rough bits of paper, then I order them into a sequence that works and stick them down with blue tack. That gives me the freedom to take one drawing out or come back to it months later and review the sequence.
Emily's desk with torn up squares of paper she uses to create her stories.
Does your drawing lead your text, or the other way around?
When I first started making work they were completely interdependent, I'd draw and write at the same time and one would never come before the other. I'd draw a person and write a speech bubble.
Now I keep a box of long thin strips of paper on my desk and as I'm drawing I might suddenly think of some narration and start writing. I'm not sure if it connects to a particular drawing but I know that it's going into the scene somewhere. Once I've got all the drawings and all the little strips of paper, I can cut them up and put text and picture together. What I don't use, I keep in a box beside my desk, because somehow that helps me edit them out, the fact that they are still there.
Graphic novels are sequential art, and I don't always get it right the first time so I like to have that freedom of change.
I always think about the content first, then the editing, then the design. After that I can think about colour and tone and what it might look like as a finished piece. As a teacher I have become really aware of certain things about the creative process that hold people back or help them, and breaking things down into small steps is always useful.
Has your style of drawing changed much during the time you've been doing this?
I think it's become more relaxed and I've become more myself. It's become a bit looser mostly from doing a lot of drawings from my imagination. To keep pace with ideas and memories as they come on to the page means I can't really labour over the drawings.
It's something I'm always telling students; to draw quickly, to get the idea down. Even though the book that I'm doing is all about slowness. I really believe in slowness, but I also think that drawing quickly can keep you in the moment a bit more. The quick drawings have a lot of energy in them, and for the editing process they are easier to throw away.
Doing a lot of observational drawing has fed into the way that I draw. Drawing people who are moving, or might move, in cafes, or trains or parks. That helps my imaginative drawing because I get a good sense of the way bodies move and then become more comfortable expressing a movement with just a few lines.
An observational drawing from Emily's sketchbook. Image courtesy of the artist
Is there any particular character or story that you've found hard to let go or found hard to finish?
Probably the book that I'm working on at the moment. I started the idea of this book a few years after I started making comics. I wanted to make work about something that was really on my mind a lot at the time, climate change, but it was so difficult to approach. The only way I was able to deal with such a big issue was through myself, and through my own emotional reaction towards it.
I wanted to make a book that was about climate change and environmental activism but I was finding it really difficult to make the story arc because it's a story that we're still in the middle of. I couldn't create an arc that was truthful but not either, very depressing, or totally in denial.
At that time I became really ill with chronic fatigue syndrome and then I couldn't make any work at all.
After some time, when I was able to work again, I started making a drawn diary, a record of things that were happening and it was really therapeutic. This gradually turned into a graphic novel about having chronic fatigue syndrome. I kept coming to a point where I wanted to bring the story to an end at times when I felt like I was getting better but then I would have a relapse and realise that I couldn't end the story there. I gradually became more accepting of myself as a slow person. Somehow finding the balance of effort and surrender. It's a paradigm shift. Being accepting but also still striving to be well, which is kind of what we need to do with the planet. After making this realisation I eventually managed to bring the initial ideas about climate change into the book about chronic fatigue syndrome, and the book now connects both of those phenomena.
… Some pages from Emily's upcoming book, October 2016. Images courtesy of the artist
You mentioned that you couldn't bring your story to an end because of what was going on in your life. Do you think it would have been too forced to write an ending that was not happening in real life?
Yes I think so. Something that has happened though is that I have ended up fictionalising my story more than I thought I would. But at the same time, it feels more emotionally true. Some of the details or timelines have been changed to make it feel like a real story. It's got magical realism in it, and is interspersed with things that didn't really happen but it felt like they happened.
Will your book be more text or image?
It was quite text heavy at the beginning. Then it went through an incarnation with no narrative voice at all, so it was just 'as seen', like a silent film. But then I realised that wasn't possible because I needed the objective voice of the narrator to explain that this wasn't necessarily real, that this is just how I remember it. I needed that voice because without it I felt I that I was presenting it all as true. This voice allowed me to fictionalise, but not feel that I was lying to the reader.
I read a book called 'The Art of Memoir' by Mary Carr around the time I made this decision. It's about literary memoir, and she speaks a lot about the importance of truthfulness in memoir. Something in that hit home and I wanted to make sure that, although I was fictionalising, I wasn't presenting that as the truth.
So it's become a little more wordy, but I want to let the pictures have the louder voice.
Another page from Emily's upcoming book. Image courtesy of the artist
Which graphic novelists are you particularly influenced by, or is there a particular style that you like?
Obviously Chris Ware. I also love Marjane Satrapi who wrote 'Persepolis'. I think she's such a brilliant storyteller, and her work is autobiographical. She tells serious stories with such a light touch and she's brilliant at characterisation. With just a few lines she can show a character's difference from another one. The way she draws resonates with me.
I also love a lot of children's books illustrators. Beatrice Alemagna who does this amazing work with collage and drawing. Her drawings are so free and expressive and they have this naivety to them that makes them feel like they have been done by a child, yet they are so sophisticated.
Another artist called Isabelle Arsenault, she works a lot with pencil, very tactile and soft and beautiful. There is a lot of cross pollination in the arts at the moment between illustrators, children's book illustrators, graphic novelists and painters.
You can see more of Emily's work on her website www.emilyhaworthbooth.com and her instagram @emilyhaworthbooth


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Gas to the West success!
A special celebration was hosted by SGN Natural Gas to mark the occasion as local resident Justin Arkinson of Derry Road became the first household to benefit from the £250m infrastructure investment which will bring natural gas to eight main towns in Counties Tyrone, Fermanagh and Derry.
Mayor of Derry City and Strabane District, Councillor Maoliosa McHugh, was on hand for the official 'switch-on' and warmly welcomed the announcement that natural gas is now available in the Strabane town area.
Councillor McHugh said, "Gas to the West is a highly significant new infrastructure development for the western region and I am delighted that Strabane is the first provincial town to be connected to mains gas. The availability of natural gas will bring many positive benefits for both business and domestic consumers and the wider local economy."
Danny O'Malley, Director of SGN Natural Gas, said the connection of the first domestic consumer in Strabane was an important milestone for all those involved in making Gas to the West a reality.
"I would like to pay tribute to the ongoing commitment and hard work of our dedicated project team, key partners and stakeholders in reaching this exciting stage of the project. "Natural gas is now flowing for customers in Strabane, with the other seven towns in the west scheduled to follow suit in due course."
Also welcoming the first domestic connection to the newly extended gas network, Jenny Pyper, Chief Executive of the Utility Regulator, said, "This is another vote of confidence in the natural gas industry in Northern Ireland and a welcome boost for our infrastructure, bringing greater energy choice for consumers."
Referring to the benefits of natural gas as "an affordable, cleaner and convenient form of energy", the Utility Regulator, added, "We also look forward to continued progress with the remainder of the construction phase underway to extend the network so that natural gas will be available to many more customers in the near future as part of the Gas to the West project."
Justin Arkinson, the Strabane householder making local history this week, said his family were looking forward to enjoying the many benefits of using natural gas for their home heating and other utility requirements after making the decision to opt for mains gas.
He said, "We were in the process of setting up oil heating for our new home when we heard that natural gas would be available in Strabane, so the timing was perfect for us. We're delighted to be the first domestic consumer connected to the new gas network in the town and looking forward to the convenience it offers as well as saving on our energy bills and helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions which is an added bonus."
LacPatrick Dairies Ltd at Artigarvan in Strabane, was the first business customer to be connected to natural gas earlier this year. Gas to the West is scheduled to deliver gas mains, services and meters to around 40,000 customers in Coalisland, Cookstown, Derrylin, Dungannon, Enniskillen, Magherafelt, Omagh and Strabane over the next 40 years.
W: www.sgnnaturalgas.co.uk
first customer
Gas to the West


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Trish Regan Biography
Trish Regan is a popular American TV host. She even has her own program "The Intelligence Report with Trish Regan" on the Fox Business Network. Fox Business Network has that problem daily. You can also see her very often on other TV programs, substituting her colleagues. She was a host of "Street Smart with Trish Regan" on Bloomberg Television from 2012 to 2015.
Parallel to her television work, she is also a regular columnist for USA Today. In the past, she was an anchor at CNBC (from 2007 to 2012) where she also had a lot to do with economic subjects, reporting for the NBC Nightly News, The Today Show and MSNBC.
Trish Regan Net Worth 2019
Trish Regan Age. How Old is She?
Trish Regan Husband, Parents and Kids
Trish Regan Education and Career
First and the Last Job
Trish's Ethnicity
Trish Regan Measurements
Is Trish Regan a Lesbian?
In the case of Trish Regan net worth, one can clearly say that journalism really pays off. Her steady rise in the journalism and networking world has eventually led her to have a steady job at the FOX network. According to the latest rumors, her salary has been increased to a staggering $8 million per year in 2019, making her one of the highest paid reporters currently on the network.
Her steady gig of being the host of "The Intelligence Report with Trish Regan" is not the only thing that earns her money. She also writes a regular column and does a lot more to increase her total worth. She has her lucrative background to thank as her CV really has some interesting shows that allowed her to climb at the top. Trish Regan's net worth in 2019 is valued at $20 million based on the latest reports.
Image source: her Instagram profile
Trish Ann Regan was born on December 13, 1973. At the time of writing this article, she is 46 years old.
It isn't much you can find about Trish Regan's private life. Researchers couldn't even find the real date of birth when they were writing the initial biographies. That little detail made big confusion because everyone trusts Wikipedia. It even went live while she interviewed a couple of people. They all started wishing her a happy birthday when she had to simply make her date of a birth public for the first time.
Trish Regan and her husband James Ben
So, the only things we can know for sure are those we can find on social media which are/ or were shared personally by Trish Regan. That is how we know that she has a beautiful relationship with her husband James Ben who works for Rothschild. They married in 2001 and have three kids. The first two came in one package back in 2010.
They are twin daughters Alexandria and Elizabeth. Following year, in 2012, Trish gave birth to a son, Jamie Ben. They now live in New York City, although she was born in New Hampshire 266 miles away from New York. There's no much available information about her parents online.
She has always been gifted with a talent for music. That is why she was awarded first place in the Harvard Musical Association competition during her High School education. Trish Regan graduated from High School and later Exeter Academy with flying colors. That same school educated generations of the upper-class New England establishment and the American political elite. It is a special school and one of the oldest secondary schools in the United States. It has a very special method of teaching where students interact with each other through a number of conferences with minimal involvement of their teachers. Moreover, it is very obvious that the time she spent in the Exeter Academy influenced all the moves she made in her career.
Trish Regan on TV FOX
In 1993 Trish Regan was Miss New Hampshire and she actually represented her state in the Miss America 1994. She only did that because she needed money to pay her tuition at Columbia University. However, she noticed that judges choose their candidates on the basis of their talents and not just their beauty. Trish's talent was singing. She trained her voice in Graz, Austria and at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston before she finally ended up at Columbia University.
Ms. Regan studied economics and American history at Columbia University. She graduated from Columbia with a bachelor's degree in United States history in 2000.
During the time she was studying at the Columbia University, Trish Regan worked at the emerging debt markets desk at a hedge fund and later on at investment firm Goldman Sachs. She actually loved that work and she specialized herself in the analysis of economic and political dangers in Latin America. She had almost taken the job of the economist before she interned at NBC News on her senior year and only then she felt that she found her true calling. She became a correspondent for NBC News, then on CBS News, CNBC and Bloomberg.
Trish Regan made a name for herself not just by sitting on her chair but by taking things into her own hands. She actually wanted to report from the most dangerous places on Earth. She has traveled to Colombia, Paraguay, and Medellin in order to investigate crimes like piracy, terrorism, drug trafficking, human trafficking, etc.
In order to make her investigation reports public, Trish Regan made documentaries and even got a Best Documentary Emmy nomination for 2009 CNBC special: "Marijuana Inc.: Inside America's Pot Industry". Even now on reruns, that show gets pretty high ratings although it would be impossible to ever reach its initial number of 38 Million viewers. She is a "straight to the point" person and you can see that when she is interviewing someone, the opposite side knows its place.
Trish Regan at 2014 Annual Garden Brunch
Trish Regan started working as a journalist in 2001 at CBS MarketWatch. That is a sister agency to CBS News. Because of her deep understanding of how business works, she became a business correspondent and a reporter for the CBS Evening News all the way to 2007. In the meantime, she covered some of her coworkers when they were absent. That way she worked as an anchor for "Face to Nation" and "48 Hours". That is the time when she started reporting on Latin America and South Africa through the prism of global terrorism and their involvement in it. She also covered all major scandals, elections, and disasters.
While she now works for Fox, she used to work for Bloomberg Television where she was a host for a daily show covering markets called "Street Smart with Trish Regan".
She has been working on Fox Business Network since 2015 as an anchor. She currently has her own show called "The Intelligence Report with Trish Regan" and that one airs every single day. As Fox anchorwoman, she even entered history books as a member of the first female duo to host a presidential debate, together with Sandra Smith.
Trish Regan with her son
Trish is white and she is a citizen of the United States.
Ms. Regan's measurements are basically making her look like an hourglass. She is 34-26-35. She is 5ft 7in tall and we don't actually know her current weight.
There were never any assumptions that Trish Regan is a lesbian. She is happily married and she has three kids.
Born: December 13. 1973.
Profession: Television journalist
Hair Color: Dyed Brown
Married to: James Ben
Children: 3 (Alexandria – Elizabeth -Jamie Ben)
Education: Columbia University
Miodrag or Mike as everybody calls him has established himself as a great writer and author. The quality of his content is what makes him unique and so great for this field. He started writing about sports for a local newspaper but quickly transitioned to some tabloids and worked for various other sites where he has done more of the same.
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Pieces to Profit is a business development company based in Bradenton, FL. They offer business coaching and leadership training. They need a complete overhaul of their old website and a new logo. Their newly redesigned website highlights their offerings. The current website is mobile friendly and features a responsive mobile-first design. Ensuring that the website looks great on any device.


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Chiang Mai Province
Chiang Mai in Thailand
Coordinates: Coordinates: 18°50′14″N 98°58′14″E / 18.83722°N 98.97056°E / 18.83722; 98.97056
Wichian Puttiwinyu (since 2013)
• Province
20,107 km2 (7,763 sq mi)
1,678,284[1]
• HDI (2010)
0.792 (high) (rank?)
Accession into Siam (Thailand)
http://www.chiangmai.go.th
Chiang Mai (Thai เชียงใหม่) is the second-largest province (changwat) of Thailand. It is in the country's north. It is bordered by Chiang Rai to the northeast, Lampang and Lamphun to the south, Tak to the southwest, Mae Hong Son to the west, and Shan State of Burma to the north. The capital, Chiang Mai, is 685 km north of Bangkok.
3 Types of People
5 Transportation
Geography[change | change source]
Chiang Mai Province is about 685 km (426 mi) from Bangkok. The highest mountain in Thailand, Doi Inthanon at 2,565 metres (8,415 ft), is in Chiang Mai Province.[2]
Several other national parks are also in the province: Doi Suthep-Pui,[3] Ob Luang,[4] Sri Lanna,[5] Huai Nam Dang,[6] Mae Wang,[7] and Pha Daeng.[8]
History[change | change source]
Pratat Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai
The city of Chiang Mai was capital of the Lanna Kingdom after its founding in 1296.[9]
In 1599, the kingdom lost its independence and became part of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
In 1932, the province Chiang Mai moved up to the second level subdivision of Thailand when the administrative unit of Monthon Phayap, the remains of the Lanna Kingdom, was dissolved.
Types of People[change | change source]
Hilltribe Girls
13.4% of the population in the province are members of hill tribes, among them the Hmong, Yao, Lahu, Lisu, Akha, and Karen.
Climate[change | change source]
Chiang Mai has a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen Aw), tempered by the low latitude and moderate elevation, with warm to hot weather year-round, though nighttime conditions during the dry season can be cool and are much lower than daytime highs. The maximum temperature ever recorded is 42.4 °C in May 2005.[10]
Transportation[change | change source]
Chiang Mai Train Station
Chiang Mai International Airport showing Doi Suthep temple in the upper left corner
Car. Chiang Mai is on Highway 11 (Super Highway Rd).
Train. Chiang Mai is the northern terminus of the northern railway route.
Songthaew
Samlor. Samlors (rickshaws) can be found in the urban core.
Tuk-tuks are used for short distances.
Buses. Chiang Mai is served by buses from Bangkok and many other cities.
Bicycle and motorbike. Both forms of transport can be hired in Chiang Mai city.
Air. Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) is one of the seven Thai international airports
↑ "Population of the Kingdom" (PDF). Department of Provincial Affairs (DOPA) Thailand (in Thai). 2014-12-31. Retrieved 19 Mar 2015.
↑ "Doi Inthanon National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 21 Mar 2015.
↑ "Doi Suthep-Pui National Park". Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
↑ "Ob Luang National Park". Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
↑ "Si Lanna National Park". Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
↑ "Huai Nam Dang National Park". Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 21 Mar 2015.
↑ "Mae Wang National Park". Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
↑ "Pha Daeng National Park". Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
↑ "Chiang Mai". Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 21 Mar 2015.
↑ "Daily Climate Weather Data Statistics". Geodata.us. Retrieved 2012-04-29.
Provinces of Thailand
Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)
Uttaradit
Ang Thong
Chai Nat
Kamphaeng Phet
Phichit
Phatthalung
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