text:
The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances
Roberto Zefferino, G. Elia, Maria Lasalvia, Claudia Piccoli, D. Boffoli, N. Capitanio, L. Ambrosi
Background: Disordered functioning of gap junctions between normal and initiated cells has been proposed as one possible mechanism of tumour promotion. Many putative carcinogens such as peroxisome proliferators, are known to activate various signal transduction mechanisms and modulate gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). They act as tumour promoters on pre-existing "initiated" cells, rather than as genotoxic initiators. Objectives: The aim of this article is to provide a screening-tool to evaluate the promoter carcinogen effect of environmental and occupational chemical contaminants, focusing on their ability to alter GJIC. Methods: GJIC was investigated in serum-free cultured primary human keratinocytes, by directly evaluating the intercellular transfer of a microinjected fluorescent dye (Dye transfer). The expression of caspase 3, which is the ultimate target to be activated of both mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial-linked pro-apoptotic pathways, was evaluated using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Mercury chloride (10 nM), mono-methyl Mercury (250 nM) and Trichloroethylene (500 μM) were shown to significantly inhibit GJIC. Conversely di-methyl mercury, lead acetate and epichloridine had no effect on GJIC. All Trans Retinoic Acid completely reversed the inhibitory effect on GJIC induced by HgCl 2, but not that induced by mono-methyl mercury and trichloroethylene. The result of a RTPCR assay on total RNA cell extract showed that treatment of keratinocytes with 10 nM HgCl 2 resulted in a decrease of the pro-apoptotic caspase 3 expression. Conclusions: In this work a protocol is designed to study gap junction intercellular communication in primary cultures of human keratinocytes which could be used as a reliable screening tool to test the promoter carcinogen effect of various environmental and occupational contaminants.
Gap Junctions
Caspase 3
Carcinogenicity Tests
Environmental Carcinogens
Peroxisome Proliferators
Cell Extracts
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Chlorides
Zefferino, R., Elia, G., Lasalvia, M., Piccoli, C., Boffoli, D., Capitanio, N., & Ambrosi, L. (2005). The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances. Medicina del Lavoro, 96(3), 222-230.
The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances. / Zefferino, Roberto; Elia, G.; Lasalvia, Maria; Piccoli, Claudia; Boffoli, D.; Capitanio, N.; Ambrosi, L.
In: Medicina del Lavoro, Vol. 96, No. 3, 2005, p. 222-230.
Zefferino, R, Elia, G, Lasalvia, M, Piccoli, C, Boffoli, D, Capitanio, N & Ambrosi, L 2005, 'The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances', Medicina del Lavoro, vol. 96, no. 3, pp. 222-230.
Zefferino R, Elia G, Lasalvia M, Piccoli C, Boffoli D, Capitanio N et al. The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances. Medicina del Lavoro. 2005;96(3):222-230.
Zefferino, Roberto ; Elia, G. ; Lasalvia, Maria ; Piccoli, Claudia ; Boffoli, D. ; Capitanio, N. ; Ambrosi, L. / The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances. In: Medicina del Lavoro. 2005 ; Vol. 96, No. 3. pp. 222-230.
@article{7b077575e2354d638b5eabf5fd73df0f,
title = "The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances",
abstract = "Background: Disordered functioning of gap junctions between normal and initiated cells has been proposed as one possible mechanism of tumour promotion. Many putative carcinogens such as peroxisome proliferators, are known to activate various signal transduction mechanisms and modulate gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). They act as tumour promoters on pre-existing {"}initiated{"} cells, rather than as genotoxic initiators. Objectives: The aim of this article is to provide a screening-tool to evaluate the promoter carcinogen effect of environmental and occupational chemical contaminants, focusing on their ability to alter GJIC. Methods: GJIC was investigated in serum-free cultured primary human keratinocytes, by directly evaluating the intercellular transfer of a microinjected fluorescent dye (Dye transfer). The expression of caspase 3, which is the ultimate target to be activated of both mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial-linked pro-apoptotic pathways, was evaluated using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Mercury chloride (10 nM), mono-methyl Mercury (250 nM) and Trichloroethylene (500 μM) were shown to significantly inhibit GJIC. Conversely di-methyl mercury, lead acetate and epichloridine had no effect on GJIC. All Trans Retinoic Acid completely reversed the inhibitory effect on GJIC induced by HgCl 2, but not that induced by mono-methyl mercury and trichloroethylene. The result of a RTPCR assay on total RNA cell extract showed that treatment of keratinocytes with 10 nM HgCl 2 resulted in a decrease of the pro-apoptotic caspase 3 expression. Conclusions: In this work a protocol is designed to study gap junction intercellular communication in primary cultures of human keratinocytes which could be used as a reliable screening tool to test the promoter carcinogen effect of various environmental and occupational contaminants.",
keywords = "Apoptosis, Cancer, Keratinocytes, Mercury, Trichloroethylene",
author = "Roberto Zefferino and G. Elia and Maria Lasalvia and Claudia Piccoli and D. Boffoli and N. Capitanio and L. Ambrosi",
journal = "Medicina del Lavoro",
T1 - The study of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in keratinocytes as screening of promoter effect induced by industrial and environmental toxic substances
AU - Zefferino, Roberto
AU - Elia, G.
AU - Lasalvia, Maria
AU - Piccoli, Claudia
AU - Boffoli, D.
AU - Capitanio, N.
AU - Ambrosi, L.
N2 - Background: Disordered functioning of gap junctions between normal and initiated cells has been proposed as one possible mechanism of tumour promotion. Many putative carcinogens such as peroxisome proliferators, are known to activate various signal transduction mechanisms and modulate gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). They act as tumour promoters on pre-existing "initiated" cells, rather than as genotoxic initiators. Objectives: The aim of this article is to provide a screening-tool to evaluate the promoter carcinogen effect of environmental and occupational chemical contaminants, focusing on their ability to alter GJIC. Methods: GJIC was investigated in serum-free cultured primary human keratinocytes, by directly evaluating the intercellular transfer of a microinjected fluorescent dye (Dye transfer). The expression of caspase 3, which is the ultimate target to be activated of both mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial-linked pro-apoptotic pathways, was evaluated using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Mercury chloride (10 nM), mono-methyl Mercury (250 nM) and Trichloroethylene (500 μM) were shown to significantly inhibit GJIC. Conversely di-methyl mercury, lead acetate and epichloridine had no effect on GJIC. All Trans Retinoic Acid completely reversed the inhibitory effect on GJIC induced by HgCl 2, but not that induced by mono-methyl mercury and trichloroethylene. The result of a RTPCR assay on total RNA cell extract showed that treatment of keratinocytes with 10 nM HgCl 2 resulted in a decrease of the pro-apoptotic caspase 3 expression. Conclusions: In this work a protocol is designed to study gap junction intercellular communication in primary cultures of human keratinocytes which could be used as a reliable screening tool to test the promoter carcinogen effect of various environmental and occupational contaminants.
AB - Background: Disordered functioning of gap junctions between normal and initiated cells has been proposed as one possible mechanism of tumour promotion. Many putative carcinogens such as peroxisome proliferators, are known to activate various signal transduction mechanisms and modulate gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). They act as tumour promoters on pre-existing "initiated" cells, rather than as genotoxic initiators. Objectives: The aim of this article is to provide a screening-tool to evaluate the promoter carcinogen effect of environmental and occupational chemical contaminants, focusing on their ability to alter GJIC. Methods: GJIC was investigated in serum-free cultured primary human keratinocytes, by directly evaluating the intercellular transfer of a microinjected fluorescent dye (Dye transfer). The expression of caspase 3, which is the ultimate target to be activated of both mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial-linked pro-apoptotic pathways, was evaluated using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Mercury chloride (10 nM), mono-methyl Mercury (250 nM) and Trichloroethylene (500 μM) were shown to significantly inhibit GJIC. Conversely di-methyl mercury, lead acetate and epichloridine had no effect on GJIC. All Trans Retinoic Acid completely reversed the inhibitory effect on GJIC induced by HgCl 2, but not that induced by mono-methyl mercury and trichloroethylene. The result of a RTPCR assay on total RNA cell extract showed that treatment of keratinocytes with 10 nM HgCl 2 resulted in a decrease of the pro-apoptotic caspase 3 expression. Conclusions: In this work a protocol is designed to study gap junction intercellular communication in primary cultures of human keratinocytes which could be used as a reliable screening tool to test the promoter carcinogen effect of various environmental and occupational contaminants.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Cancer
KW - Keratinocytes
KW - Mercury
KW - Trichloroethylene
JO - Medicina del Lavoro
JF - Medicina del Lavoro


text:
You are here: Home / NewsCenter / Cape Cod Health News / These Kids Rocked Cancer Patients' World
These Kids Rocked Cancer Patients' World
HYANNIS – While radiation treatments for cancer may only take a few minutes, it can make for a long day when you're not feeling well. Those days will now be brighter with a clear message of thoughtfulness, kindness and motivation from fifth grade students at the Barnstable United Elementary School.
Recently, Colt Hill, Nicholas Ramos, Lillie Burke and Lexy Hunter traveled with their teacher, Jeanie Bogosian, to the Clark Cancer Center at Falmouth Hospital to deliver their gifts of rocks painted with hand-written messages of hope, caring and inspiration. They are on display in the waiting room for all to see as soon as they enter.
Messages on the rocks include:
Kindness is wisdom
Don't just exist, live
Be strong
Be….bold
Love is all around
Some of the various-shaped rocks are also decorated with hearts, flowers, stars and rainbows.
"The rocks are making patients smile," said Sheila Broderick RTT, Clark Cancer Center's manager and chief radiation therapist. "They [the patients] have already taken a few and I'm getting comments like bright, creative, and cheerful, to describe the rocks. They can't decide which one to take because they are all so nice."
The students who painted and delivered the rocks are in the Gateway program (Gifted and Talented Education with All Youth) at their elementary school.
"It's for students who need to be enriched and extended beyond the regular classroom," said Bogosian, who teaches English and problem solving in their classroom.
The group is required to do a community project as part of their Future Problem Solving International curriculum according to Bogosian. They did their research and identified heightened cancer risks as a concern in Barnstable County.
"It hit home for one of the students in our group because she has a friend whose mother is going through cancer treatment," said Bogosian.
The students had to think of ways they could reach out to cancer patients on the Cape and decided to make "motivational rocks" with inspirational messages to brighten patients' days. Their idea originated with The Kindness Rocks Project, which they follow on social media and can view from their classroom window every day in The Kindness Rocks Project garden.
"We put a motivational spin on it for people who may be feeling a little less motivated on a day," said Bogosian.
They set out to fulfill their project by collecting rocks from the woods, beaches and other areas and then moved on to painting them with inspirational messages they found online, Pinterest and used various quotes they already knew.
The project culminated with the delivery to the Clark Cancer Center.
"I don't want the motivational rock garden to go away," said Broderick.
Filed Under: Cape Cod Health News, Health, Local News, NewsCenter
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text:
Q: Hiding/Disabling the submit button for an Ajax form until a selection is made from dropdown list I want to hide (or disable) the submit button for an Ajax form, until a selection has been made from a DropDownList (@Html.DropDownList)
the form looks like this:
@using (Ajax.BeginForm("RoleAddToUser", "Roles", new AjaxOptions { InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace, UpdateTargetId = "middle_column", HttpMethod = "POST" }, new { id = "RoleAddToUserForm" }))
{
@Html.AntiForgeryToken()
@Html.ValidationSummary(true)
<p>
    User : @Html.DropDownList("UserName", (IEnumerable<SelectListItem>)ViewBag.Users, "Select ...")
    Role : @Html.DropDownList("RoleName", (IEnumerable<SelectListItem>)ViewBag.Roles, "Select ...")
</p>
<input type="button" name="SubmitBtn1" value="Send" onclick="$('#RoleAddToUserForm').submit(); " />
}

I assume that there is a way to detect that a value other than "select..." (the default one) has been chosen, and then to enable/show the submit button, using Javascript.
I also understand that this is probably trivial for most Js fans, but i dont normally work with cshtml or javascript, and this is very frustrating lol
If it helps, the file in question is cshtml from an mvc program.

A: use change event to detect value
$("select").on("change",function(){
if($(this).val()){
$("input[name='SubmitBtn1']").prop("disabled",false);
}
esle{
$("input[name='SubmitBtn1']").prop("disabled",true);
}
});

A: Add disabled="disabled" attribute to the button. So that it will be disabled. When you want to enable it, use jQuery to enable $('#id').removeAttr('disabled')

A: I'm sure there are more graceful ways to go about this, but this seems to work:
I added id="SubmitBtn1" style="display:none"  to the button then used
<script type="text/javascript">
//On change
$('#UserName').change(
function checkValue() {

    //Check if the dropdownlist's value is equal to the default
    if ($('#UserName').val() == "") {

        //if it is, hide it/keep hidden
        hide_item('SubmitBtn1');

        return
    }

    //otherwise show it
    show_item('SubmitBtn1');

});

function show_item(id) {
    var el = document.getElementById(id);

    el.style.display = 'inline-block';

};

function hide_item(id) {
    var el = document.getElementById(id);

    el.style.display = 'none';

};

</script>

Feedback?

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