text:
Correction to: Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75
Danika L Bannasch, Verena K Affolter, Daniel York, Robert B Rebhun, Robert A Grahn, Kalie M. Weich, Angelica Kallenberg
The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1] due to errors identified after publication. The authorship order has been changed to reflect the appropri-ate contribution to this version of the manuscript. The Author Contributions have been changed as follows: K.B. has been removed from Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft and Writing-review and editing. D.B. has been added to Visualization. The p values have been changed from NSDTR (p = 6.1 × 10−7 ) to (p = 4.1 × 10−11 ) and "both eumelanin and pheomelanin-based Poodles (p = 1.5 × 10−8, 4.0 × 10−9 )" to "eumelanin-based Poodles (p = 2.1 × 10−11 )". 2. Materials and Methods 2.5. Quantitative Hair Pigment Analysis A new methods description has been added. "The photos were then color corrected and analyzed for the mean color depth at the root and tip of the hair shaft using the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP version 2.10.8). The difference from root to tip was used to compare high and low copy number dogs and" was replaced with this "The color intensity was measured using Adobe photoshop in triplicate over 50 pixels at the root and tip in a single photograph. The mean intensity of root/tip was compared to the ddPCR results and". 3. Results 3.2. Whole Genome Sequence Variant and Coverage Analysis Figure 2 has been replaced. Values in the figure legend have been changed from "p = 6.1 × 10−7 . Dark red, n = 32. Light red, n = 26" to "p = 4.1 × 10−11 . Dark red, n = 28. Light red, n = 34". 3.3. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Pheomelanin-Based Coat Colors Paragraph 1 The number of NSDTR was changed from 26 to 28 dark red and 32 to 34 light red. The p value was changed from p = 6.1 × 10−7 to p = 4.1 × 10−11 . The number of Irish setters was changed from 50 to 48 and the median number of genomic copies from eight to seven. The median number of genomic copies in Brittany was changed from seven to six. Paragraph 2 Cream was changed to white. These sentences "The comparison of cream Poodles (n = 26) to red Poodles (n = 26) showed a significant increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to cream (median = 3 genomic copies, p = 4.0 × 10−9 ) (Figure 3B). Cream dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were not included in the analysis." were changed to this "The comparison of white Poodles (n = 21) to red Poodles (n = 29) showed an increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to white (median = 7 genomic copies, p = 0.003); however it was not statistically significant when white dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were excluded from the analysis (Figure 3B)". Figure 3 was replaced. The last sentence of the legend was changed from "Silver compared to black (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ). Cream compared to red (p = 4.0 × 10−9 ). Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 22, n = 25, n = 26, and n = 26." to "Silver compared to black was significant (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ), while white compared to red was not. Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 27, n = 425, n = 21, and n = 29". 3.4. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Eumelanin-Based Coat Colors The number of black Poodles was changed from n = 25 to n = 42. The number of grey Poodles was changed to n = 27 and the p= 2.1 × 10−11 . The numbers of dogs and the mean copy number were changed as follows; "Border Collie (BC, median = 3, n = 26), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 20), and the Rottweiler (median = 8, n = 17)" from "Border Collie (BC, median = 4, n = 19), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 25), and the Rottweiler (median = 7, n = 17)". Figure 4 was replaced. 3.5. Comparison of the Hair Shaft in High and Low Copy Number Dogs This sentence "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and NSDTR with a low copy number were not as light colored as low copy number pheomelanin-based Poodles." was replaced with this "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and white Poodles had higher copy numbers than expected, likely due to the presence of other mutations that affect their pheomelanin intensity. Eumelanin-based Poodles did have a strong correlation of copy number and color". The last two sentences of the paragraph also had updated numbers and p values. This "Linear regression analysis of 17 NSDTR with the mean color difference and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low mean color difference (p = 0.0035) (Figure 5B). Additionally, low copy number eumelanin-based breeds showed a higher mean color difference compared to high copy number eumelanin-based breeds, such as the FCR (p = 4.3 × 10−8 ) (Figure 5C)." was replaced by this: "Linear regression analysis of 15 NSDTR with color intensity ratios from root to tip and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low ratio (p = 0.0022) (Figure 5B). Additionally, a eumelanin breed with light roots (Border Collie) had a significantly lower copy number compared to uniformly pigmented Flat-Coated Retrievers FCR (p = 2.3 × 10−7 ) (Figure 5C)". Figure 5B,C were replaced and the legends were modified accordingly. 4. Discussion The third sentence was changed from "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with pheomelanin and eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds." to "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds and, to a lesser extent, pheomelanin". A sentence was added to the 5th paragraph "In addition, white Poodles likely have multiple genes, including the KITLG CNV and MFSD12 [12] involved with contributing to their light phenotype". Table S1 was corrected consistent with these changes. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The published version will be updated on the article webpage, with a reference to this correction notice. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12030357
10.3390/genes12030357
Dive into the research topics of 'Correction to: Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
eumelanin Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
pheomelanin Medicine & Life Sciences 92%
Color Medicine & Life Sciences 54%
Meristem Medicine & Life Sciences 52%
Dogs Medicine & Life Sciences 48%
Conflict of Interest Medicine & Life Sciences 17%
Bannasch, D. L., Affolter, V. K., York, D., Rebhun, R. B., Grahn, R. A., Weich, K. M., & Kallenberg, A. (2021). Correction to: Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75. Genes, 12(3), 1-3. [357]. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12030357
Correction to : Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75. / Bannasch, Danika L; Affolter, Verena K; York, Daniel; Rebhun, Robert B; Grahn, Robert A; Weich, Kalie M.; Kallenberg, Angelica.
In: Genes, Vol. 12, No. 3, 357, 03.2021, p. 1-3.
Bannasch, DL, Affolter, VK, York, D, Rebhun, RB, Grahn, RA, Weich, KM & Kallenberg, A 2021, 'Correction to: Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75', Genes, vol. 12, no. 3, 357, pp. 1-3. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12030357
Bannasch DL, Affolter VK, York D, Rebhun RB, Grahn RA, Weich KM et al. Correction to: Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75. Genes. 2021 Mar;12(3):1-3. 357. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12030357
Bannasch, Danika L ; Affolter, Verena K ; York, Daniel ; Rebhun, Robert B ; Grahn, Robert A ; Weich, Kalie M. ; Kallenberg, Angelica. / Correction to : Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75. In: Genes. 2021 ; Vol. 12, No. 3. pp. 1-3.
@article{e6e1f67d605f489cbc60aa2ca9dda55d,
title = "Correction to: Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75",
abstract = "The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1] due to errors identified after publication. The authorship order has been changed to reflect the appropri-ate contribution to this version of the manuscript. The Author Contributions have been changed as follows: K.B. has been removed from Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft and Writing-review and editing. D.B. has been added to Visualization. The p values have been changed from NSDTR (p = 6.1 × 10−7 ) to (p = 4.1 × 10−11 ) and "both eumelanin and pheomelanin-based Poodles (p = 1.5 × 10−8, 4.0 × 10−9 )" to "eumelanin-based Poodles (p = 2.1 × 10−11 )". 2. Materials and Methods 2.5. Quantitative Hair Pigment Analysis A new methods description has been added. "The photos were then color corrected and analyzed for the mean color depth at the root and tip of the hair shaft using the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP version 2.10.8). The difference from root to tip was used to compare high and low copy number dogs and" was replaced with this "The color intensity was measured using Adobe photoshop in triplicate over 50 pixels at the root and tip in a single photograph. The mean intensity of root/tip was compared to the ddPCR results and". 3. Results 3.2. Whole Genome Sequence Variant and Coverage Analysis Figure 2 has been replaced. Values in the figure legend have been changed from "p = 6.1 × 10−7 . Dark red, n = 32. Light red, n = 26" to "p = 4.1 × 10−11 . Dark red, n = 28. Light red, n = 34". 3.3. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Pheomelanin-Based Coat Colors Paragraph 1 The number of NSDTR was changed from 26 to 28 dark red and 32 to 34 light red. The p value was changed from p = 6.1 × 10−7 to p = 4.1 × 10−11 . The number of Irish setters was changed from 50 to 48 and the median number of genomic copies from eight to seven. The median number of genomic copies in Brittany was changed from seven to six. Paragraph 2 Cream was changed to white. These sentences "The comparison of cream Poodles (n = 26) to red Poodles (n = 26) showed a significant increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to cream (median = 3 genomic copies, p = 4.0 × 10−9 ) (Figure 3B). Cream dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were not included in the analysis." were changed to this "The comparison of white Poodles (n = 21) to red Poodles (n = 29) showed an increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to white (median = 7 genomic copies, p = 0.003); however it was not statistically significant when white dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were excluded from the analysis (Figure 3B)". Figure 3 was replaced. The last sentence of the legend was changed from "Silver compared to black (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ). Cream compared to red (p = 4.0 × 10−9 ). Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 22, n = 25, n = 26, and n = 26." to "Silver compared to black was significant (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ), while white compared to red was not. Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 27, n = 425, n = 21, and n = 29". 3.4. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Eumelanin-Based Coat Colors The number of black Poodles was changed from n = 25 to n = 42. The number of grey Poodles was changed to n = 27 and the p= 2.1 × 10−11 . The numbers of dogs and the mean copy number were changed as follows; "Border Collie (BC, median = 3, n = 26), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 20), and the Rottweiler (median = 8, n = 17)" from "Border Collie (BC, median = 4, n = 19), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 25), and the Rottweiler (median = 7, n = 17)". Figure 4 was replaced. 3.5. Comparison of the Hair Shaft in High and Low Copy Number Dogs This sentence "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and NSDTR with a low copy number were not as light colored as low copy number pheomelanin-based Poodles." was replaced with this "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and white Poodles had higher copy numbers than expected, likely due to the presence of other mutations that affect their pheomelanin intensity. Eumelanin-based Poodles did have a strong correlation of copy number and color". The last two sentences of the paragraph also had updated numbers and p values. This "Linear regression analysis of 17 NSDTR with the mean color difference and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low mean color difference (p = 0.0035) (Figure 5B). Additionally, low copy number eumelanin-based breeds showed a higher mean color difference compared to high copy number eumelanin-based breeds, such as the FCR (p = 4.3 × 10−8 ) (Figure 5C)." was replaced by this: "Linear regression analysis of 15 NSDTR with color intensity ratios from root to tip and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low ratio (p = 0.0022) (Figure 5B). Additionally, a eumelanin breed with light roots (Border Collie) had a significantly lower copy number compared to uniformly pigmented Flat-Coated Retrievers FCR (p = 2.3 × 10−7 ) (Figure 5C)". Figure 5B,C were replaced and the legends were modified accordingly. 4. Discussion The third sentence was changed from "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with pheomelanin and eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds." to "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds and, to a lesser extent, pheomelanin". A sentence was added to the 5th paragraph "In addition, white Poodles likely have multiple genes, including the KITLG CNV and MFSD12 [12] involved with contributing to their light phenotype". Table S1 was corrected consistent with these changes. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The published version will be updated on the article webpage, with a reference to this correction notice. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.",
author = "Bannasch, {Danika L} and Affolter, {Verena K} and Daniel York and Rebhun, {Robert B} and Grahn, {Robert A} and Weich, {Kalie M.} and Angelica Kallenberg",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
doi = "10.3390/genes12030357",
journal = "Genes",
T1 - Correction to
T2 - Weich, k., et al. pigment intensity in dogs is associated with a copy number variant upstream of kitlg. genes 2020, 11, 75
AU - Bannasch, Danika L
AU - Affolter, Verena K
AU - York, Daniel
AU - Rebhun, Robert B
AU - Grahn, Robert A
AU - Weich, Kalie M.
AU - Kallenberg, Angelica
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
N2 - The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1] due to errors identified after publication. The authorship order has been changed to reflect the appropri-ate contribution to this version of the manuscript. The Author Contributions have been changed as follows: K.B. has been removed from Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft and Writing-review and editing. D.B. has been added to Visualization. The p values have been changed from NSDTR (p = 6.1 × 10−7 ) to (p = 4.1 × 10−11 ) and "both eumelanin and pheomelanin-based Poodles (p = 1.5 × 10−8, 4.0 × 10−9 )" to "eumelanin-based Poodles (p = 2.1 × 10−11 )". 2. Materials and Methods 2.5. Quantitative Hair Pigment Analysis A new methods description has been added. "The photos were then color corrected and analyzed for the mean color depth at the root and tip of the hair shaft using the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP version 2.10.8). The difference from root to tip was used to compare high and low copy number dogs and" was replaced with this "The color intensity was measured using Adobe photoshop in triplicate over 50 pixels at the root and tip in a single photograph. The mean intensity of root/tip was compared to the ddPCR results and". 3. Results 3.2. Whole Genome Sequence Variant and Coverage Analysis Figure 2 has been replaced. Values in the figure legend have been changed from "p = 6.1 × 10−7 . Dark red, n = 32. Light red, n = 26" to "p = 4.1 × 10−11 . Dark red, n = 28. Light red, n = 34". 3.3. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Pheomelanin-Based Coat Colors Paragraph 1 The number of NSDTR was changed from 26 to 28 dark red and 32 to 34 light red. The p value was changed from p = 6.1 × 10−7 to p = 4.1 × 10−11 . The number of Irish setters was changed from 50 to 48 and the median number of genomic copies from eight to seven. The median number of genomic copies in Brittany was changed from seven to six. Paragraph 2 Cream was changed to white. These sentences "The comparison of cream Poodles (n = 26) to red Poodles (n = 26) showed a significant increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to cream (median = 3 genomic copies, p = 4.0 × 10−9 ) (Figure 3B). Cream dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were not included in the analysis." were changed to this "The comparison of white Poodles (n = 21) to red Poodles (n = 29) showed an increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to white (median = 7 genomic copies, p = 0.003); however it was not statistically significant when white dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were excluded from the analysis (Figure 3B)". Figure 3 was replaced. The last sentence of the legend was changed from "Silver compared to black (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ). Cream compared to red (p = 4.0 × 10−9 ). Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 22, n = 25, n = 26, and n = 26." to "Silver compared to black was significant (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ), while white compared to red was not. Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 27, n = 425, n = 21, and n = 29". 3.4. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Eumelanin-Based Coat Colors The number of black Poodles was changed from n = 25 to n = 42. The number of grey Poodles was changed to n = 27 and the p= 2.1 × 10−11 . The numbers of dogs and the mean copy number were changed as follows; "Border Collie (BC, median = 3, n = 26), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 20), and the Rottweiler (median = 8, n = 17)" from "Border Collie (BC, median = 4, n = 19), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 25), and the Rottweiler (median = 7, n = 17)". Figure 4 was replaced. 3.5. Comparison of the Hair Shaft in High and Low Copy Number Dogs This sentence "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and NSDTR with a low copy number were not as light colored as low copy number pheomelanin-based Poodles." was replaced with this "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and white Poodles had higher copy numbers than expected, likely due to the presence of other mutations that affect their pheomelanin intensity. Eumelanin-based Poodles did have a strong correlation of copy number and color". The last two sentences of the paragraph also had updated numbers and p values. This "Linear regression analysis of 17 NSDTR with the mean color difference and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low mean color difference (p = 0.0035) (Figure 5B). Additionally, low copy number eumelanin-based breeds showed a higher mean color difference compared to high copy number eumelanin-based breeds, such as the FCR (p = 4.3 × 10−8 ) (Figure 5C)." was replaced by this: "Linear regression analysis of 15 NSDTR with color intensity ratios from root to tip and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low ratio (p = 0.0022) (Figure 5B). Additionally, a eumelanin breed with light roots (Border Collie) had a significantly lower copy number compared to uniformly pigmented Flat-Coated Retrievers FCR (p = 2.3 × 10−7 ) (Figure 5C)". Figure 5B,C were replaced and the legends were modified accordingly. 4. Discussion The third sentence was changed from "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with pheomelanin and eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds." to "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds and, to a lesser extent, pheomelanin". A sentence was added to the 5th paragraph "In addition, white Poodles likely have multiple genes, including the KITLG CNV and MFSD12 [12] involved with contributing to their light phenotype". Table S1 was corrected consistent with these changes. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The published version will be updated on the article webpage, with a reference to this correction notice. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
AB - The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1] due to errors identified after publication. The authorship order has been changed to reflect the appropri-ate contribution to this version of the manuscript. The Author Contributions have been changed as follows: K.B. has been removed from Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft and Writing-review and editing. D.B. has been added to Visualization. The p values have been changed from NSDTR (p = 6.1 × 10−7 ) to (p = 4.1 × 10−11 ) and "both eumelanin and pheomelanin-based Poodles (p = 1.5 × 10−8, 4.0 × 10−9 )" to "eumelanin-based Poodles (p = 2.1 × 10−11 )". 2. Materials and Methods 2.5. Quantitative Hair Pigment Analysis A new methods description has been added. "The photos were then color corrected and analyzed for the mean color depth at the root and tip of the hair shaft using the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP version 2.10.8). The difference from root to tip was used to compare high and low copy number dogs and" was replaced with this "The color intensity was measured using Adobe photoshop in triplicate over 50 pixels at the root and tip in a single photograph. The mean intensity of root/tip was compared to the ddPCR results and". 3. Results 3.2. Whole Genome Sequence Variant and Coverage Analysis Figure 2 has been replaced. Values in the figure legend have been changed from "p = 6.1 × 10−7 . Dark red, n = 32. Light red, n = 26" to "p = 4.1 × 10−11 . Dark red, n = 28. Light red, n = 34". 3.3. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Pheomelanin-Based Coat Colors Paragraph 1 The number of NSDTR was changed from 26 to 28 dark red and 32 to 34 light red. The p value was changed from p = 6.1 × 10−7 to p = 4.1 × 10−11 . The number of Irish setters was changed from 50 to 48 and the median number of genomic copies from eight to seven. The median number of genomic copies in Brittany was changed from seven to six. Paragraph 2 Cream was changed to white. These sentences "The comparison of cream Poodles (n = 26) to red Poodles (n = 26) showed a significant increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to cream (median = 3 genomic copies, p = 4.0 × 10−9 ) (Figure 3B). Cream dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were not included in the analysis." were changed to this "The comparison of white Poodles (n = 21) to red Poodles (n = 29) showed an increase in the copy number in red Poodles (median = 8 genomic copies) compared to white (median = 7 genomic copies, p = 0.003); however it was not statistically significant when white dogs with a homozygous genotype for pheomelanin dilution at MFSD12 (orthologous to human rs751,585,493: G > A) were excluded from the analysis (Figure 3B)". Figure 3 was replaced. The last sentence of the legend was changed from "Silver compared to black (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ). Cream compared to red (p = 4.0 × 10−9 ). Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 22, n = 25, n = 26, and n = 26." to "Silver compared to black was significant (p = 1.5 × 10−8 ), while white compared to red was not. Sample numbers from left to right are as follows: n = 27, n = 425, n = 21, and n = 29". 3.4. Validation of the KITLG CNV in Eumelanin-Based Coat Colors The number of black Poodles was changed from n = 25 to n = 42. The number of grey Poodles was changed to n = 27 and the p= 2.1 × 10−11 . The numbers of dogs and the mean copy number were changed as follows; "Border Collie (BC, median = 3, n = 26), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 20), and the Rottweiler (median = 8, n = 17)" from "Border Collie (BC, median = 4, n = 19), the Flat-Coated Retriever (FCR, median = 7, n = 25), and the Rottweiler (median = 7, n = 17)". Figure 4 was replaced. 3.5. Comparison of the Hair Shaft in High and Low Copy Number Dogs This sentence "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and NSDTR with a low copy number were not as light colored as low copy number pheomelanin-based Poodles." was replaced with this "The black and white BC did not have a high copy number as expected, and white Poodles had higher copy numbers than expected, likely due to the presence of other mutations that affect their pheomelanin intensity. Eumelanin-based Poodles did have a strong correlation of copy number and color". The last two sentences of the paragraph also had updated numbers and p values. This "Linear regression analysis of 17 NSDTR with the mean color difference and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low mean color difference (p = 0.0035) (Figure 5B). Additionally, low copy number eumelanin-based breeds showed a higher mean color difference compared to high copy number eumelanin-based breeds, such as the FCR (p = 4.3 × 10−8 ) (Figure 5C)." was replaced by this: "Linear regression analysis of 15 NSDTR with color intensity ratios from root to tip and estimated ddPCR genomic copy number identified a significant association of the high copy number with a low ratio (p = 0.0022) (Figure 5B). Additionally, a eumelanin breed with light roots (Border Collie) had a significantly lower copy number compared to uniformly pigmented Flat-Coated Retrievers FCR (p = 2.3 × 10−7 ) (Figure 5C)". Figure 5B,C were replaced and the legends were modified accordingly. 4. Discussion The third sentence was changed from "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with pheomelanin and eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds." to "The copy number of this CNV is significantly associated with eumelanin intensity in the Poodle and across breeds and, to a lesser extent, pheomelanin". A sentence was added to the 5th paragraph "In addition, white Poodles likely have multiple genes, including the KITLG CNV and MFSD12 [12] involved with contributing to their light phenotype". Table S1 was corrected consistent with these changes. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The published version will be updated on the article webpage, with a reference to this correction notice. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
U2 - 10.3390/genes12030357
DO - 10.3390/genes12030357
JO - Genes
JF - Genes


Originally posted by Dan Rutstein on 12.10.2014. Click here for the original article.
Only in Los Angeles would you get a former Gladiator, a TV presenter, actors and musicians on the same football pitch as venture capitalists, bankers, tax advisors and a member of the Royal Family.
But that's what happened here on a special day that saw football bring this disparate group together to commemorate the centenary of the Christmas Truce.
With at least half a dozen of the players losing a grandparent, or great uncle in the First World War, it was poignant to be gathering on the other side of the world to pay our respects.
On a day Prince William, the president of the Football Association who are spearheading the Football Remembers campaign, touched down on the East Coast, we gathered together on the West Coast.
Our match, which began with a reading of excerpts of the Poet Laureate's Christmas Truce poem, was a chance for a BAFTA-backed team to join the business and diplomatic community in remembering those that fell and the power of football to unite.
The story of the Christmas Truce, thanks to matches like these and the campaign more widely, is now being told and retold to a wider audience.
The message of peace and goodwill that was generated when the warring sides left their trenches for carol singing, football matches and to trade gifts not bullets is a valuable lesson in history.
Embassies and consulates around the globe have organised events – football matches and educational seminars – to promote these messages of unity and goodwill, and of remembrance.
We did it in California by having a BAFTA/Hollywood team take on businessmen.
The game ended 4-4, giving former England international, and now California resident, Barry Venison plenty of choice from which to select his goal of the match.
Normally I spend my time working with exporters to the US and with American investors in the UK.
And I use my blogs to write about this.
And as, technically, BAFTA are involved with creative exports and the tax advisor on my team advises potential investors in the UK, I think this still qualifies.
Sport is many things to many people but today it brought a cross-section of LA society together to remember something important. Our small contribution to a global message of unity and of commemoration.


text:
Ripple crypto plunges 89%; Ethereum mining rigs "obsolete" … it was all predicted by Mike Adams in 2017
Monday, August 20, 2018 by: Ethan Huff
Tags: bitcoin, bitcoin cash, bloodbath, Bubble, bubble market, Charts, Collapse, crypto, cryptocurrency, digital coins, economics, ethereum, finance, Litecoin, plunge, Ripple, risk, scam, value
(Natural News) There's a bloodbath taking place in the cryptocurrency world, and we hate to be the ones who say, "we told you so," but … we told you so.
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger, has been warning for over a year now that the crypto rush is a short-lived phenomenon driven by greed and a "get rich quick" mentality – and man, was he right!
The latest reports show that the top five cryptos are all plunging to dramatic lows after hitting record highs towards the end of 2017. "Ripple," the number three cryptocurrency, has plummeted an astounding 89 percent from its all-time high, while "Ethereum," another popular crypto, is down 76 percent.
"Litecoin" has dropped by more than 75 precent, while "Bitcoin Cash" has lost more than 76 percent of it's peak value. And the ever-popular Bitcoin, the one that started it all, has seen a drop of about 67 percent, revealing the true and disastrous volatility of these digital, backed-by-nothing, "coins."
Take a look at these charts published by Zero Hedge, revealing how each of the top crypto coins experienced similar rises to the top around Christmas time, only to have most of those increases almost completely wiped out in recent weeks.
"These charts show how bubbles unwind," Zero Hedge explains. "The strongest cryptos (or stocks) decline the slowest and bounce more frequently. In just over a year, Ripple rose 683%. That gain is now a loss."
Is cryptocurrency really here to stay as some claim?
Things have gotten so bad that it's no longer even cost effective to mine some of the more popular cryptos. The "rigs" designed to "mine" Ethereum, for instance, use more electricity than they're able to generate back in Ethereum coins – meaning the platform is all but obsolete.
Sponsored solution from the Health Ranger Store: Lab-verified Nascent Iodine solution is a dietary supplement that provides your body with supplemental iodine to help protect your thyroid during radiation exposure. Nuclear accidents such as Fukushima (or nuclear war) can expose your body to radioactive iodine-131, a dangerous radioisotope. Pre-loading your system with stable iodine occupies the iodine receptor sites on your organs, causing your body to naturally expel radioactive iodine you may have been exposed to through air, food, water or milk products. This defensive strategy is recommended by nearly all health authorities, worldwide, including the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Discover more at this link.
"The profitability for Ethereum mining is drying up, but don't expect to see graphics cards drop in price any time soon," says Tom's Hardware, as quoted by Zero Hedge.
"Ethereum isn't the only GPU-mineable coin, and most miners will switch to something more profitable instead of selling their rigs. Even if miners stopped buying graphics cards in massive quantities – which they won't – it will take a while for supply chains to stabilize."
Adams has a lesser view, however, as he's been warning for quite some time now about the so-called Bitcoin "bubble," and how a whole lot of people are going to lose big time as they fail to recognize the "scam" elements associated with the crypto's epic valuation peak of nearly $20,000.
He likens the Bitcoin craze to the infamous "tulip bulb mania," warning that the exact same scenario is playing out today as it did in Holland, except that it's all taking place online with fictitious "money" that has no inherent value, and is backed by nothing other than false hope.
"When speculators believe they're 'investors,' and they think there's real value created by verbal hype, that's when you know things are headed off a cliff," Adams writes.
"Even though Bitcoin is clearly an electricity-wasting Ponzi scheme built on zero real assets, some newbies are just now hearing about it, and they think they've discovered a perpetual motion get rich quick scheme that will allow them to acquire wealth without effort."
But a few questions remain. Will Bitcoin and the other cryptos eventually reach a bottom-out valuation of zero? And if they do, how long will it take to get there? Some people still believe that cryptocurrency is the wave of the future, and that it isn't going anywhere, despite these hiccups. Others, however, aren't so sure. What are your thoughts?
To keep up with the latest news on the movements of Bitcoin, check out BitRaped.com.
ZeroHedge.com
Brighteon.com
BitRaped.com
Previous :HUH? New study reveals most people don't want to date transgenders… LGBT activists claim that's proof of "discrimination"
Next : Authoritarian Left now CELEBRATES the extermination of the free speech they once claimed to defend
More news on bitcoin
EXCLUSIVE: Why Google's "quantum supremacy" means the end of encryption security for cryptocurrency, military, finance and personal communications
BREAKING: NO MORE SECRETS – Google achieves "quantum supremacy" that will soon render all cryptocurrency breakable, all military secrets revealed
Facebook now has its own cryptocurrency, but how can you trust a platform that steals your data and bans users?
Japanese billionaire, founder of SoftBank, lost $130 million on Bitcoin after the crypto-hype imploded
Health Ranger fact check: Successfully predicted the dot com crash, the housing bubble crash, Trump's election victory and the Bitcoin implosion
There's actually an upcoming cryptocurrency that doesn't waste the world's electricity like Bitcoin: It's called "Chia" and it launches this summer
The bizarre story of QuadrigaCX reveals why you are a complete fool to trust any crypto exchange
Cryptocurrencies "going to ZERO," concludes Goldman Sachs report
Study finds that overwhelming majority of Bitcoin trading volume is faked
Venezuelan power outage proves that the value of Bitcoin when the grid goes down is exactly ZERO
https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-08-20-ripple-crypto-plunges-89-ethereum-mining-rigs-obsolete.html
Ripple crypto plunges 89%; Ethereum mining rigs "obsolete" … it was all predicted by Mike Adams in 2017

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Basic microeconomic concepts such as demand and supply, market structures and pricing, market efficiency and equilibrium. Macroeconomic concepts such as inflation, unemployment, trade, economic growth and development. Different perspectives on issues of monetary and fiscal policy. Emphasis on public policy issues and the logic behind the economic way of thinking. Open to all students. One course.


In 1977, Robin Jones Shields, BS HE '79, was flying a Piper Cherokee.
Story by Linda Geist. Photos courtesy of Robin Jones Shields.
When Robin Jones Shields won a flying lesson during her sophomore year of college, her life soared to new heights.
Fewer than 7 percent of pilots in the U.S. and Canada are female. Shields is shown by the Rolls Royce engine of the Boeing 777–200, a 648,000-pound aircraft that carries 247 passengers.
Shields saved her tip money as a waitress to pay for flight lessons. It cost $1,200 for the 40‐hour training she completed quickly by taking lessons twice a day. She worked at then‐Woods Memorial Airport and flew with co‐workers logging the necessary hours to become a flight instructor.
Although she earned a bachelor's in home economics in 1979, she never worked in that field. "I went straight from graduation to the airport," she says.
She left Columbia to be a flight instructor and company pilot before joining American Airlines 28 years ago. Now she serves as one of the few senior female captains and flies a Boeing 777 on international flights.
According to industry reports, Shields is one of an estimated nearly 7 percent of the country's female pilots in a field that remains heavily male‐dominated. Shields says she occasionally still encounters a passenger who is surprised to find that the captain is a woman. "They expect a big airplane like that to be flown by someone who is a big person," she says.
Shields lives in Naperville, Ill., and has two college‐age children. Surprisingly, the profession is one that allowed her to be home nightly because of her seniority ranking.
The captain's seat allows her the "best view of any office in the world, and nothing else matters." And that makes time fly.
Shields in the cockpit of the B‐777 in 2012.
Correction: This story has been updated to reflect accurate statistics regarding the number of female pilots in the U.S. The plane in the above photo was misidentified. It has been updated.


A Grand Ledge pharmacist was sentenced in Eaton County for forging a doctor's signature on a prescription.
CHARLOTTE — A Grand Ledge pharmacist originally charged with two felonies for forging a doctor's signature to prescribe medicine will be on probation for six months and have to complete 60 hours of community service.
Jeffrey Fitzgerald, 51, used a doctor's prescription pad to prescribe medicine to his own son, according to a disciplinary notice from the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs.
Fitzgerald took a plea deal and was sentenced Wednesday to misdemeanor unlawful possession of prescription forms and falsely prescribing controlled substances. He originally was charged with third-degree child abuse and unlawful practice of a healthcare profession, both felonies.
"This has not been a great period of his life," Andrew Abood, Fitzgerald's attorney, said Wednesday. "He would never do anything to jeopardize his children's health, safety and welfare. There is very little likelihood he needs to be on supervision."
Fitzgerald's ex-wife took their son to the Sparrow Grand Ledge Urgent Care in February 2017 with a cough, a fever and congestion, according to the LARA disciplinary notice. A doctor diagnosed him with a viral respiratory infection and did not prescribe any medicine.
That same day, Fitzgerald gave his son a prescription for an antibiotic and a steroid "in anticipation of a diagnosis" from the doctor, according to the LARA report. He wrote the prescription in the name of a doctor his son did not see, who later denied writing the prescription or treating the boy that day.
About a week later, the boy's mom took him to the doctor for an adverse skin reaction to a drug, according to the report. The doctor denied writing the prescriptions.
Two weeks later, Fitzgerald was fired from his job, according to LARA records. It's not clear where he worked.
In addition to the criminal charges, Fitzgerald's pharmacist license was suspended in July for six months.
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Adam Strong said Fitzgerald "may have been acting out of the best intent," but the way he went about getting the prescription was wrong.
"There's a right way to do things and a wrong way to do things," Strong said. "There's a reason doctors can prescribe medicine and pharmacists cannot."
Eaton County Circuit Court Judge John Mauer sentenced Fitzgerald Wednesday. If Fitzgerald finishes his 60 hours of community service before his six months of probation are up, he can terminate his probation early.
Fitzgerald has faced disciplinary action from LARA twice before 2017. In 2015, he was reprimanded after officials said he dispensed improper medicine on numerous occasions while working at a pharmacy in Ionia County. The pharmacy fired him in 2013 due to the dispensing errors.
In 1999, officials reprimanded him for providing improper dosing instructions while working at a pharmacy in Grand Ledge.


text:
Slättsjön är en sjö i Sävsjö kommun i Småland och ingår i . Sjön har en area på  kvadratkilometer och ligger  meter över havet.

Delavrinningsområde
Slättsjön ingår i det delavrinningsområde (636177-141956) som SMHI kallar för Inloppet i Lundholmssjön. Medelhöjden är  meter över havet och ytan är  kvadratkilometer. Räknas de 24 delavrinningsområdena uppströms in blir den ackumulerade arean  kvadratkilometer. Skålån (Storån) som avvattnar avrinningsområdet har biflödesordning 2, vilket innebär att vattnet flödar genom totalt 2 vattendrag innan det når havet efter  kilometer. Delavrinningsområdet består mestadels av skog (46 %), öppen mark (13 %) och jordbruk (22 %). Avrinningsområdet har  kvadratkilometer vattenytor vilket ger det en sjöprocent på  %. Bebyggelsen i området täcker en yta av  kvadratkilometer eller 13 % av avrinningsområdet.

Se även
 Lista över insjöar i Sävsjö kommun

Källor

Externa länkar

Insjöar i Lagans avrinningsområde
Insjöar i Småland
Insjöar i Sävsjö kommun

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Chat to David By Greg Savitt
https://followmessiah.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/follow-messiah-logoblack-300x57.png 0 0 Greg Savitt https://followmessiah.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/follow-messiah-logoblack-300x57.png Greg Savitt2019-03-08 10:24:492019-03-08 10:24:49Chat to David By Greg Savitt
Chat to David By Greg SavittChat to David By Brian UG


This site is an attempt to promote my personal achievements but also some details less known about ancient and medieval history of Romania. What was first a hobby, has become now my job. Namely to make history known in a graphic form, as attractive as possible, accessible and, most importantly, in such a manner that the accuracy of the historical facts is not affected.
As a graphician, I have been trying in the past few years, through the books made with the historian Neagu Djuvara, issued at the Huamnitas Publishing house from Bucharest, but also through other works, to reconstruct graphically on a most solid documentation, monuments, clothing, fights, daily-life scenes as nobody has ever done it before in Romania. So, the onlooker will easily imagine a history seriously damaged by the films and extreme nationalist-patriotic propaganda from the communist regime.


Born Jose Luis Ramirez Garcia on March 20th, 1947 in Guadalajara Jalisco. Serrano studied art at the prestigious "La Esmeralda" academy in Mexico City from 1963 and until 1968. Since 1970 he held numerous one-man-shows in Mexico City, Michoacan, Guadalajara, La Paz, Oaxaca, Cancun and Monterrey in Mexico as well as Tucson, AZ and San Francisco, CA in the United States and Vancounver BC in Canada. He developed a print technique that he calls Silicografia that gives his work layers of texture along with colors. During the years of 1975 and 1976 he became a professor at his alma-matter.


random thoughts: The events of the day.
It's a quiet Sunday and the day progressed at a snail's pace. The normal household chores were gone through as part of the day's work and more over, they're exercises for the body as I give myself a rest on Sundays insofar as the morning walk's concerned.
1. Mohanachandran is at Mannuthy.
a promise that they'd be dropping by next month.
3. The interesting aspect of the Municipality's water connection.
Water Authority ki jai ho!!
from now, getting a new connection would entail a long waiting period!
(c) I'd not engaged any middlemen/touts.
already in possession of the NOC from the RTO of Gurgaon and have registered my request through the local 'Akshaya' kendra. Hope it isn't gonna take too much of time but in one's life, out here, there never is a dull moment!


text:
Q: How to achieve this sorting described using mySQL and PHP? I have this table named "categories" with three fields as below
cat     | order | id
--------|-------|----
News    |  3    | 23
Hi-Tech |  2    | 15
Biz     |  5    | 8
Health  |  1    | 3

Also, I have another table named "links" like below
link    | order | cat-id
--------|-------|-------
link1   |  2    | 23
link2   |  8    | 15
link3   |  5    | 8
link4   |  6    | 15
link5   |  2    | 15
link6   |  4    | 23
link7   |  1    | 3
link8   |  1    | 8

What I want to achieve is to sort categories and below each category to sort the links of that category cat-id / id like this below:
Health
link7
Hi-Tech
link5
link4
link2
News
link1
link6

Biz
link8
link3
I succeeded on showing the categories sorted but I am loosing it after it.
My aim is to show this on a page so I guess I have to use PHP and mySQL.

A: I wrote this on my mind so didn't test it, but it kinda goes like this :
$q = mysql_query("select * from categories c
      left join links l
      on l.cat-id=c.id
      order by c.order,l.order");

$last_cat = -1;

while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($q)){
    if($last_cat!=$row["cat"]){
        echo "
".$row["cat"]."
";
        $last_cat=$row["cat"];
    }
    echo $row["link"]."
";
}

A: This will print exactly as you have described in the example:
<?php
$categories = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM categories order by 'order'");
$links = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM links order by 'order'");
?>

<?php foreach ($categories as $key => $category): ?>
 <?php echo $category['cat'];?>"
    <?php foreach ($links as $key => $link): ?>
      <?php if($category['id'] === $link['cat-id']): ?>
         <?php echo $link['link'];?>
      <?php endif;?>
    <?php endforeach;?>

<?php endforeach;?>

A: <?php
// This query gets all the needed data with one shot. No need to do multiple
// queries. You can run this query in phpMyAdmin to see the result.
$query = mysql_query("
    SELECT links.link as link, categories.cat as cat FROM links
    LEFT JOIN categories ON categories.id = links.cat_id
    ORDER BY categories.order, links.order ASC");

// With this we are getting all links with correct order to an array.
$categories = array();
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($query)) {
    $categories[$row['cat']][] = $row['link'];
}

// To see how we stored the links in the array uncomment the below line
// var_dump($categories);

// To print out the data:
foreach ($categories as $category => $links) {
    echo "".$category."
\n";

    // implode is a built-in function that makes a string from an array.
    // You can put something between the array elements with the first parameter.
    // If you want to make some changes or print the links, use a foreach loop.
    echo implode("
\n", $links)."

\n";
}
?>

This should write the links exactly what you want.

A: The query is simply this:
SELECT c.cat, l.link, c.id
FROM links l INNER JOIN categories c
ON l.cat-id = c.id
ORDER BY c.`order`, l.`order`

And here it is at work.
In order to show it on a page, it would look like this:
mysql_connect(<host>, <username>, <password>);

$q = mysql_query("<query from above>");
$last_cat = 0;
while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($q)) {
    if($row['id'] != $last_cat) {
        print '
' . $row['cat'] . '
';
        $last_cat = $row['id'];
    }
    print $row['link'] . '
';
}

A: ORDER BY categories.order ASC, links.order ASC

A: select cat, link
from categories, links
where link.cat-id = categories.id
order by cat asc, link asc;

A: As per your query and if we need to think optmization we will consider some cases
case 1:
As you have mentioned you would have 60(links) * 5 (categories), these are very ease to handle from mysql side itself. We can very well use our SQL techniques itself and get the advantage from it.
Always you can have a mixture of php processing + SQL. The processing speed of PHP is faster than mysql. sO, GRAB IT.
Your query can also be solved by SQl alone and the query mentioned by paolo can be used simply.
case 2:
There are situation where either or both  one of the table participating tables have too high number of records. when there is a join between them it results into high number of combinations i.e join size
eg: links(100000) * categories(10) = 1 million
In these cases, u can try to avoid joins.
You can take advantage of indexes.
Indexes are used to find rows with specific column values quickly. Without an index, MySQL must begin with the first row and then read through the entire table to find the relevant rows.
There are techniques like flat files i.e schema free databases like MongoDB which dont use concept of joins but if you plan on it running it on a huge site (huge, meaning that you need many many servers to host it)
MySQl scales well and you have to think something out of it when you are in a huuuuuuuge environment.
Here,I have solved your query without using joins and any dependent query. I have just fetch  results and just used array mapping techniques only which is faster.
 $query = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM category order by `order` asc");
 while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query) ) {
     $categories[$row['id']]['cat']  = $row['cat'];
     $categories[$row['id']]['order'] = $row['order'];

 }

 $query = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM links ORDER BY `order` ASC ");
 $count =0;
 while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query) ) {
     $links[$row['cat-id']][$count]['link']  = $row['link'];
     $links[$row['cat-id']][$count]['order']  = $row['order'];
     $links[$row['cat-id']][$count]['cat-id']  = $row['cat-id'];
     $count++;
 }

foreach ($categories as $id=$value) {
     foreach ($links[$id] as $link_info) {

         if ($last_cat != $link_info['cat-id'])
             print '<h3' . $categories[$link_info['cat-id']]['cat'] . '</h3';

         print $link_info['link'] . '<br';
         $last_cat = $link_info['cat-id'];
     } }

A: 1st the query as a lot of people says its:
SELECT c.cat,c.order as catorder,c.id,l.* FROM categories as c
INNER JOIN links as l ON (c.id = l.id-cat )
ORDER BY c.order, l.order

so u have a result ordered like this:
cat     | catorder | id  |  link   | order | cat-id
--------|----------|-----|---------|-------|-------
Health  |  1       | 3   |  link7  |  1    |  3
Hi-Tech |  2       | 15  |  link5  |  2    |  15
Hi-Tech |  2       | 15  |  link4  |  6    |  15
Hi-Tech |  2       | 15  |  link2  |  8    |  15
News    |  3       | 23  |  link1  |  2    |  23
News    |  3       | 23  |  link6  |  4    |  23
Biz     |  5       | 8   |  link8  |  1    |  8
Biz     |  5       | 8   |  link3  |  1    |  8

So .. you need to make a "cutting control"
$max = sizeof($arrayOfResults)
$i = 0;
while ($i < $max) {
    $current = $arrayOfResults[$i]["id"];
    print_r($arrayOfResults[$current]["cat"]);
    while ($i < $max && $arrayOfResults[$i]["id"] == $current) {
        print_r($arrayOfResults[$current]["link"]);
        $i++;
    }
}

If u copy and paste this code u going to have the output that u r searching.
If u need a explanation ask me.

A: code may be like this.
<?php
$result_catg = mysql_query("select * from categories order by order asc");
?>

<?php
while($row_catg = mysql_fetch_array($result_catg))
{
$catg_id = $row_catg['id'];
$result_link = mysql_query("select * from links where cat_id = '$catg_id' order by order asc");
while($row_link = mysql_fetch_array($result_link))
{
?>

<?php echo $row_link['link']; ?>

<?php
}
}
?>

just use "float:none " in your css property for li down
hope this helps.

A: This will give you the required result.
$ds = mysql_query("select cat, id from categories order by  'order' asc");
while($rs = mysql_fetch_row($ds))
{
    echo"".$rs[0]."
";
    $dsLinks = mysql_query("select link from links where cat_id = '".$rs[1]."' order by 'order' asc");
    while($rsLink = mysql_fetch_row($ds))
    {
        echo"".$rsLink [0]."
";
    }
    echo"
";
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Six-string version of the mid-70s Hawaiian resonator guitars.
You are viewing the Gretsch 7705 Sho Bro Hawaiian guitar model, part of the Other flattop acoustics family of Gretsch guitars. One example is in the Gretsch-GEAR database.


text:
What is an Old-Growth Forest?
The old-growth forest condition is not an end point, but a continuum defined by slow ecological change initiated when forest tree growth begins to slow down (e.g., between 120 and 150 yrs. for eastern white pine). This change in growth happens when a tree starts to allocate more energy to maintaining its increasingly large size as opposed to using that energy to produce new growth. This point in time is known as the "age of onset". Thus, as a tree ages, energy allocation to maintenance increases and allocation to producing new growth decreases.
Old trees beyond the age of onset are the most important feature of an old-growth forest, however, snags (dead standing trees), logs, and integrity (no or little human disturbance) are also important primary characteristics of old-growth forest. Some secondary and more variable features of old growth are included in the table below. Ancient forests have all or many of the same features as old-growth forests except that there is no minimum tree age and they usually cover larger areas - they are also called pristine and virgin forests.
Most old-growth characteristics continue to develop for centuries in the absence of catastrophic and/or human disturbance. However, trees do eventually die from old age, pathogens, severe wind storms, and fires. As long as some of the older trees remain after a natural disturbance, other younger trees will colonize where older trees died.
Some old-growth forests support rare, threatened and endangered plants, animals and other biodiversity (fungi, lichens, etc.). In most parts of the world, including Ontario's temperate forests, old-growth is very rare, yet in Ontario as in most of the world, there is no legislative mandate to protect them.
There are some excellent examples of old-growth forests in and near the City of Peterborough including Mark S. Burnham Provincial Park, Jackson Park, Stewart's Woods, and the Kawartha Land Trust's Jeffrey-Cowan Forest Preserve. On your next visit to one of these forests, be sure to look for the features of old-growth forests, but also remember that old-growth forests can be very different from each other even within a particular forest type.
Characteristics Associated with Old-growth Forests in Ontario
(red = primary features, black = secondary features)
old trees
dead wood - logs and snags
integrity (absence of or very low human disturbance)
high tree density
multiple vegetation layers: understory, shrubs/saplings, canopy, super-canopy
high diversity in the herbaceous layer
lichen and fungus abundance and diversity
openings in the forest canopy
undisturbed soil layers
Check out our book: Ontario's Old-Growth Forests, 2nd Edition!
Old-Growth Forest Values
Old-growth forests store and fix more carbon than any other terrestrial ecosystem on earth.
"...large, old trees do not act simply as senescent carbon reservoirs but actively fix large amounts of carbon compared to smaller trees; at the extreme, a single big tree can add the same amount of carbon to the forest within a year as is contained in an entire mid-sized tree."
-Stephenson et al., Nature, 2014
Old-growth forests are extremely complex ecosystems that are understudied and underappreciated, even after decades of research. In Old-Growth Forests: Function, Fate and Value (2009), Dr. Christian Wirth notes that we still haven't located all remaining old-growth forests and we have a lot to learn about the above- and below-ground organisms and processes that make old-growth forests so unique.
Old-growth forests contain a plethora of plant and animal communities, species, and genes. This makes them resilient and resistant to natural disturbances and invaluable to numerous industries, including medicine, biotechnology and ecotourism.
Many species depend on cavities and crevices in large trees for nesting and roosting, and old-growth forests are a major source of these. Several bird, bat, and owl species need these habitats to carry out their life processes. Others may depend on specific conditions that can be found in old-growth forests. For example, the endangered Pale-bellied Frost Lichen, which grows on trees, requires humid, shady conditions to survive. Similarly, the threatened Cerulean Warbler requires the unique structural characteristics of older forests. There are also some species of insects, invertebrates, fungi, lichens, and bacteria whose survival depends on dead and decaying trees and logs. You'll find plenty of these trees and logs in old-growth forests.
Habitat Provision
Many studies recognize the health benefits of spending time in forests, including decreased stress and improved mental well-being.
Old-growth forests are also valuable for the spiritual and cultural connections they provide.
Wellness &
"[Old-growth forests] are living laboratories of adaptive evolution, and invaluable gene repositories. They can be used to test hypotheses about complexity, stability, resilience, and ecosystem change. ...Small incremental investments in collecting and managing old-growth data will pay manifold dividends to future generations of researchers, managers, and policy makers."
-Ole Hendrickson
The Forestry Chronicle, 2003
Natural Capital is a way to monetarily value the comprehensive goods and services an ecosystem provides.
Click below to learn more about the natural capital of forests in Canada.
I want to learn more!
OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN PETERBOROUGH COUNTY
Check out our initial mapping of old-growth forests in Peterborough County
and site visit reports for some of the areas we've visited so far.
Catchacoma
Mark S. Burnham Park
Stewart's Woods
Jeffrey Cowan Forest Preserve


If you're trying to lose weight, you probably have an ultimate goal in mind. It's great to have a target but it's also important to set small, manageable goals throughout the process. If your aim is to lose 20 pounds by the end of the year, first focus on losing five pounds by next month. If you want to be a size six, start with dropping one size. If your goal is to give up your 3-cups-a-day soda habit, begin by cutting back to one daily cup. Setting smaller goals will help you recognize your progress and keep you motivated, and they'll eventually add up to your ultimate goal!


text:
Iran Disbands Morality Police, Considers Changing Hijab Laws, Official Says
Move is aimed at trying to quiet protests that have taken place across the country, analysts say
Updated Dec. 4, 2022 2:59 pm ET
Iran's attorney general said the country had disbanded its so-called morality police and is considering altering the requirement that women cover their heads in public, a move that analysts said was aimed at peeling away support for antigovernment protests.
Mohammad-Jafar Montazeri outlined the steps Saturday, saying the law requiring veils, known as hijabs, was under review by Iran's Parliament and judiciary, and that the morality police had been abolished, according to government-run news agencies.
US fiscal standoff: Could the nation default on its debt?


text:
Honda Off-Road Racing Team Takes On The Mint 400
March 10, 2020 /in Garage Journal /by Bocacci Samalvides
Long touted, The Great American Off Road Race, The Mint 400, is also a notoriously rough course on equipment and drivers as hundreds of entries do their laps, making the race course ever-changing and unpredictable. The 2020 edition, held in the desert south of Las Vegas, NV, was the longest ever – 428 miles in four 107 mile long laps.
In their first Mint 400 race, the Honda Talon program, Christopher Polvoorde and navigator, Jimmy Davidson, started in the 22nd position, and Eliott Watson and navigator, Quintin Tucker, drew the coveted pole position for the Limited Race, UTV Pro Turbo Class of 42 very competitive entries, held on Friday, March 6.
The team entered the race with weeks of preparation and solid strategies. Each starting position had its own strategy for racing The Mint 400. The Watson driven, No. T903 Talon 1000R pole position meant pushing the driver and Talon harder to stay in the lead pack. Polvoorde's No. T940 Talon strategy was to be less aggressive and focus on conserving the Talon for the decisive final lap, taking advantage of the inevitable attrition.
At the end of the day, both Talons were out of the race early due to mechanicals. Team principal, Jeff Proctor summed it up saying, "We're still learning how all of our off-road experience fits into these capable Talons. We've made decisions, done the testing, worked with the best engineers, and we just didn't see this coming. The Mint 400 wasn't our race. It's unfortunate that our results don't reflect all the potential of the Honda Talon 1000R. We'll adjust and come back stronger."
Even so, the grandeur of the event wasn't lost on Watson, "It was a rad experience getting to go through the Mint parade and do autograph signings throughout the day. When we were at the driver's meeting and heard all of the people who put this race on I got the chills a little bit. All of the hard work that everyone at Honda has put in to get us out here for us to drive was insane."
Results were better for the No. 709 Honda Ridgeline team, racing their 5th Mint 400 on Saturday, March 7, in the Unlimited Race with the larger horsepower, larger shod Unlimited Trucks, Class 1 and Baja Truck classes. Making the holes bigger and even more unpredictable for the Ridgeline drivers, Jeff Proctor and Pat Dailey and navigator, Evan Weller.
Race strategy had a major overhaul because of a last minute change in race format – shifting the Class 7 from the Limited Race to the Unlimited Race. Proctor said, "Starting behind the Unlimited Trucks is a big factor. They create lots of dust and holes. Our priority is to preserve the equipment and tires. The trucks expose rocks on an already rough course, and those rocks are hard on tires. It's a race to the final lap and we have to make sure we have enough left to finish the race."
Strategy paid off, the Honda Ridgeline finished the grueling race late into the night, with a time of 9:36:13, earning them a 2nd place position in Class 7. Per usual, results rarely reflect the racing drama and this race was no different.
Driver Patrick Dailey recounts, "This Honda Ridgeline was running great all day. Jeff and Evan set a great pace. Unfortunately about halfway into the 3rd lap, we had a suspension failure, which caused us to greatly reduce our pace. I jumped in the driver seat for the last lap and Michael Loomis replaced Evan in the navigator seat. We still had the lead at that point but wasn't able to hang on with the slower pace we had to run. My main goal was just survival and get the truck to the finish line. The HPD engine ran perfect all day long. It was great to get back onto the podium with a 2nd place finish. We can't wait for redemption at the Baja 500."
Up next, for both programs is taking on the legendary diverse terrain of Northern Baja, Mexico in the 52nd Annual SCORE Baja 500, June 3 -7, 2020.
https://www.racingspirit.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/c0196182-1586-43f0-9e32-cdeb327a83ce.jpg 533 800 Bocacci Samalvides https://www.racingspirit.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RS-logo-2.png Bocacci Samalvides2020-03-10 11:38:052021-04-26 11:51:17Honda Off-Road Racing Team Takes On The Mint 400
Roger Penske Honored at Amelia Island Petersen Museum Now Offering Virtual Vault Tours


With origins 8,000 years in the past, beer brewing has held a prominent place in many and diverse cultures the world over. A university professor with more than 30 years' experience in the brewing industry, Professor Charles W. Bamforth is ideally suited to lead these engaging lectures on beermaking.
After spending seven years on the high seas of the North Atlantic, James Watt started BrewDog craft brewery in Scotland with his best friend, Martin Dickie. They didn't have a business plan, just a mission to revolutionize beer drinking and make other people as passionate about craft beer as they are. Within a few years, BrewDog became one of the world's best-known craft breweries and fastest-growing beverage brands, famous for beers, bars, and crowdfunding.


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Buggies-n-Blues Block Party and Car Show
Date(s): Jun 11 2022 - Jun 12 2022
Buggies-n-Blues Block Party and Car Show. Join us on Main Street and party and dance to the nationally acclaimed "Boogie Wonder Band" Saturday night and Sunday dance with the band "Unleashed". Food and business vendors, beer garden both days and inflatables for the kids. Saturday's classic car parade begins at 3:00 p.m. and music begins at 4:00 p.m. along with the beer gardens opening. On Sunday over 500 classic cars will line Mandan's Main Street and there will also be music, beer gardens and kids activities. For more information contact Del at 701-220-2959.


text:
package org.apache.velocity.util.introspection;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.velocity.runtime.log.Log;

/**
 * This is the internal introspector cache implementation.
 *
 * @author Henning P. Schmiedehausen
 * @author Candid Dauth
 * @version $Id: IntrospectorCacheImpl.java 1329799 2012-04-24 15:41:21Z cbrisson $
 * @since 1.5
 */
public final class IntrospectorCacheImpl implements IntrospectorCache
{
    /**
     * define a public string so that it can be looked for if interested
     */
    public final static String CACHEDUMP_MSG =
        "IntrospectorCache detected classloader change. Dumping cache.";

    /** Class logger */
    private final Log log;

    /**
     * Holds the method maps for the classes we know about. Map: Class --> ClassMap object.
     */
    private final Map classMapCache = new HashMap();

    /**
     * Holds the field maps for the classes we know about. Map: Class --> ClassFieldMap object.
     */
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    /**
     * Keep the names of the classes in another map. This is needed for a multi-classloader environment where it is possible
     * to have Class 'Foo' loaded by a classloader and then get asked to introspect on 'Foo' from another class loader. While these
     * two Class objects have the same name, a classMethodMaps.get(Foo.class) will return null. For that case, we
     * keep a set of class names to recognize this case.
     */
    private final Set classNameCache = new HashSet();

    /**
     * C'tor
     */
    public IntrospectorCacheImpl(final Log log)
    {
	    this.log = log;
    }

    /**
     * Clears the internal cache.
     */
    public void clear()
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            classFieldMapCache.clear();
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        }
    }

    /**
     * Lookup a given Class object in the cache. If it does not exist,
     * check whether this is due to a class change and purge the caches
     * eventually.
     *
     * @param c The class to look up.
     * @return A ClassMap object or null if it does not exist in the cache.
     */
    public ClassMap get(final Class c)
    {
        if (c == null)
        {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("class is null!");
        }

        ClassMap classMap = (ClassMap)classMapCache.get(c);
        if (classMap == null)
        {
            /*
             * check to see if we have it by name.
             * if so, then we have an object with the same
             * name but loaded through a different class loader.
             * In that case, we will just dump the cache to be sure.
             */
            synchronized (classMapCache)
            {
                if (classNameCache.contains(c.getName()))
                {
                    clear();
                }
            }
        }
        return classMap;
    }

    /**
     * Lookup a given Class object in the cache. If it does not exist,
     * check whether this is due to a class change and purge the caches
     * eventually.
     *
     * @param c The class to look up.
     * @return A ClassFieldMap object or null if it does not exist in the cache.
     */
    public ClassFieldMap getFieldMap(final Class c)
    {
        if (c == null)
        {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("class is null!");
        }

        ClassFieldMap classFieldMap = (ClassFieldMap)classFieldMapCache.get(c);
        if (classFieldMap == null)
        {
            /*
             * check to see if we have it by name.
             * if so, then we have an object with the same
             * name but loaded through a different class loader.
             * In that case, we will just dump the cache to be sure.
             */
            synchronized (classMapCache)
            {
                if (classNameCache.contains(c.getName()))
                {
                    clear();
                }
            }
        }
        return classFieldMap;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a class map for specific class and registers it in the
     * cache.  Also adds the qualified name to the name->class map
     * for later Classloader change detection.
     *
     * @param c The class for which the class map gets generated.
     * @return A ClassMap object.
     */
    public ClassMap put(final Class c)
    {
        final ClassMap classMap = new ClassMap(c, log);
        final ClassFieldMap classFieldMap = new ClassFieldMap(c, log);
        synchronized (classMapCache)
        {
            classMapCache.put(c, classMap);
            classFieldMapCache.put(c, classFieldMap);
            classNameCache.add(c.getName());
        }
        return classMap;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Hegang (chiń. 鹤岗; pinyin: Hègǎng) – miasto o statusie prefektury miejskiej w północno-wschodnich Chinach, w prowincji Heilongjiang, u podnóża Małego Chinganu. W 2010 roku liczba mieszkańców miasta wynosiła 778 737. Prefektura miejska w 1999 roku liczyła 1 106 783 mieszkańców. Ośrodek wydobycia węgla kamiennego oraz przemysłu maszynowego, koksochemicznego, materiałów budowlanych i drzewnego.

Podział administracyjny
Prefektura miejska Hegang podzielona jest na:
 6 dzielnic: Xingshan, Xiangyang, Gongnong, Nanshan, Xing'an, Dongshan,
 2 powiaty: Luobei, Suibin.

Przypisy

Miasta w prowincji Heilongjiang


text:
COMMISSION MUST SECURE SOFT LANDING FOR ALL EU MEMBER STATES
IFA Dairy Chairman Kevin Kiersey criticised the EU Commission's draft "soft landing" report to the EU Council and Parliament for misreading the situation on the phasing out of milk quotas, and for their suggestion that compensated production reductions could be used to deal with market crises. This is in fundamental contradiction with the phasing out of the milk quota regime, and not a credible solution to market slump.
Mr Kiersey said it was simply incorrect to suggest that nothing further needs to be done to smooth the transition to quota abolition before 2015. Some member states, including Ireland, the Netherlands, Denmark and Germany, were or would be experiencing milk quota price inflation, and farmers in those countries stood to suffer excessive superlevy fines.
Mr Kiersey urged Minister for Agriculture Brendan Smith and Ireland's MEPs to look for greater flexibility in quota management to allow for a level of sustainable expansion before 2015. This could be done by allowing the minority of member states with moderate levels of over-quota production to offset this against unused milk quota in other member states.
"The majority of EU member states produce far less milk than their quota would allow them, and for them milk quotas are already irrelevant and valueless. In these countries, clearly, the so-called "soft landing" is already well under way," Mr Kiersey explained.
"However, in some of the major dairy countries, including the Netherlands, Denmark and Ireland, quotas are getting dearer, and will constitute both a severe restriction and a rising cost for progressive farmers, instead of the zero cost targeted by the "soft landing" promoted by the Commission," Mr Kiersey explained.
"Minister for Agriculture Brendan Smith and the Irish members of the European Parliament must look for greater flexibility from the EU Commission to allow for sustainable and efficient expansion by the progressive farmers who wish to invest in their farms without exposure to crippling superlevy. This could be done, without increasing the overall EU milk production, which the Commission clearly states is dwindling, if some of the EU's unused milk quota were offset against moderate levels of above-quota production in other member states," he said.
"Finally, I am puzzled by the proposal to provide for compensated voluntary reductions of supplies by farmers. It lacks any credibility as an emergency measure to deal with market slumps, and is fundamentally contradictory with the Commission's decision to phase out milk quotas," he concluded.


The best coffee beans enriched with a frothed milky foam to assure a delicious drink. Creamy and gourmand, is the perfect flavor to start the day in the sweetest way.
Skimmed milk powder, cream powder, sugar, stabiliser E340II, free flowing E551, roasted and ground coffee. May contains traces of soya.


We would like to announce the untimely death of our dear teasurer Robert Trebor Lee.
Wake is at Loyola, Marikina, cremation will be on Sunday, December 30, 2012.
WE WILL MISS YOU TREBOR!
CPAP President Charito M. Manglapus giving her eulogy December 29, 2012.


I got my Decree Absolute in 2010. Foolishly I never got around to transfer ownership from the current 'joint' status to my sole name. I am ready to do that and so is she. Transfer-of-equity is presumably the way forward. West Bromwich Building Society is happy to transfer the property and loan in my name (affordability checks done). Does she need a solicitor?
Having been four years estranged I have opted to relinquish up my share of the house to my husband who is re-mortgaging with West Bromwich Building Society. Can a transfer of equity be completed in 28 days?
Do I need legal representation when doing a transfer of equity where the mortgage is to remain with West Bromwich Building Society?
I recently bought a house without my wife's name on the deeds. My lawyer said it is due to the fact that she was not in the mortgage with West Bromwich Building Society. Is it possible for me to put her name on the title?
Can I transfer the equity held in my property with my West Bromwich Building Society home loan?
Please let us know of you wish us to prepare Declaration of Trust. If so are you willing to pay for the further fee (beyond the Transfer of Equity fee)?
There may be various tax and legal implications when transferring equity for your property. You should always seek the advice of a solicitor on the West Bromwich Building Society conveyancing panel and accountant before transferring equity.
If the transfer of equity is made pursuant to an Order of the Court, then Insolvency Indemnity Insurance is not required. In other cases, where a property is being transferred at less than market value between joint owners, an Insolvency Act Indemnity Insurance policy may be required. This is something that that your conveyancing solicitor will check with West Bromwich Building Society This is because, if the outgoing party is made bankrupt in the future, their Trustee in Bankruptcy could argue that they had transferred the property in order to avoid their creditors and apply to the Court to have the transaction set aside. If this happens, it could affect your lender or a future buyer from you as they would lose the property and the lender may not get back what they have loaned to you. The Insolvency Act Indemnity Insurance policy only protects lenders such as West Bromwich Building Society or future buyers from you. If there is no mortgage and the outgoing owner is made bankrupt, there is a risk to you that you could lose your home if the transfer is set aside. The cost of the Insolvency Act Indemnity Insurance policy is dependent on the valuation of the property at the time of completion of the transfer of equity conveyancing.
Your property may be repossessed if you do not keep up repayments on your mortgage with West Bromwich Building Society.


Love knows no reason. A small olive grove near evora has been passed down from generation to generation, like a family heirloom, despite the great difficulty to maintain it. The desire to continue to preserve it for the future led the current generation to consider packaging and selling the olive oil it produces. Because it is a small production, with the inherent limitations for competitiveness, Rita Rivotti advised their clients to maximise on the tourists that visits the city each year and focus only on selling locally in tourist spots, with packaging that targets this public.
The sentiment behind this project and the target in question merged in our minds immediately to a unique example of the region's folk art; the statue "Amor e Cego" (Love is blind). This doll is part of a set of decorative figurines (Figurado de Estremoz). Made from clay for centuries by artisans in the Alentejo, it portray feelings, local trades and sacred figures. Besides, the "Amor e Cego" figure, blindfolded and adorned in festive attire, symbolises the irrationality of love. All together, that is the common sentiment in the project. It is the same irrationality that led the family to maintain the olive grove until today.
For love! Thus, aside from being a package for an extra virgin olive oil produced by a dedicated family, using traditional cultivation methods, it is also a decorative piece, a memento of the region. It is indeed a true icon of popular culture that will be a must-have for any tourist visiting the city. The transport packaging is a simple, ecological and affordable solution that also serves to showcase this charming little bottle. In fact, this project was a bestseller and sold out in the first months, leading the family to expand its production to other olive groves.


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