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Braces with Belt Loops. A Faux Pas?
In No Time to Die, James Bond wears dove grey Albert Thurston braces with his "Desert"-coloured pinwale corduroy suit from Massimo Alba. This has drawn criticism because the suit trousers have belt loops. This criticism first came up when Daniel Craig was spotted filming in Matera, Italy, and more recently a still in Entertainment Weekly showing the braces and empty belt loops reignited the critics.
Is it wrong to wear braces (sometimes known as suspenders in America) when the trousers have belt loops?
The simple answer is no, it is not a major faux pas to wear braces when the trousers have belt loops. It's a minor faux pas at worst and something that is best avoided, but it has long been accepted amongst well-dressed men.
If Bond were wearing a belt in the belt loops at the same time he was wearing braces, that would be wrong because a belt serves the same purpose as braces: to support the trousers. As Henry Fonda's character in Once Upon a Time in the West said, "How can you trust a man who wears both a belt and suspenders? Man can't even trust his own pants."
Wearing a belt and braces together is how the idiom "belt and braces" came to be, and according to Cambridge Dictionary it means, "the use of two or more actions in order to be extra careful about something, although only one is really necessary". This is the true faux pas.
It is not wrong to have empty belt loops, especially in Bond's case since he is still using a device to hold up his trousers. This isn't to say that empty belt loops is a good look. It's not, but that doesn't make it a major faux pas.
American ready-to-wear suit trousers traditionally have belt loops but also come with buttons for braces inside the waistband. Americans have commonly been wearing braces with their belt-looped trousers for over half a century. People are not expected to remove the belt loops from their suit trousers when wearing braces, especially since the belt loops are commonly sewn into the waistband and difficult to remove. Some men like to have the option to wear either a belt or braces.
Wearing braces with empty belt loops merely marks a suit as a ready-to-wear suit, which Bond's is. Wearing braces with belt-looped trousers is not a faux pas any more than wearing a ready-to-wear suit is a faux pas.
By wearing braces with belt loops, James Bond is saying that he is wearing a ready-to-wear suit. This is the first ready-to-wear suit that James Bond has worn since Timothy Dalton was Bond. According to The New York Times the suit was purchased from Massimo Alba in sizes 50, 52 and 54, and suit in the film may be intended to look like it's off the pegs because the costume department did not remove the belt loops.
The costume department, however, added the buttons for braces. These trousers did not come with buttons for braces. Someone, perhaps costume designer Suttirat Anne Larlarb, must have made the decision not to remove the belt loops.
Suits are meant to be worn with the jacket on when in polite company, and in that case the belt loops and braces will usually be hidden. Because the Massimo Alba suit jacket is unstructured, it doesn't hold its shape when left open and the belt loops are revealed.
The biggest problem with wearing braces with trousers that have belt loops is that belted trousers generally have a lower rise than trousers meant for braces. The mid rise of the Massimo Alba trousers makes them sit slightly lower than ideal for braces. Wearing braces with mid-rise or low-rise trousers sacrifices comfort more than it sacrifices style.
Some menswear scholars, like Alan Flusser, do indeed consider it a faux pas to wear braces when the trousers have belt loops, but that is an elitist attitude against those who are unable to have their suits made for them. Flusser states in Dressing the Man that it is not a rule to be bent, but despite his wisdom I do not agree with him on this.
What about wearing braces when the trousers have side adjusters? Like belt loops, the side adjusters wouldn't be used when wearing braces either. An advantage to wearing braces is that the trousers' waistband can be loose and thus more comfortable. Though side adjusters are better hidden than unused belt loops, this unused detail still remains on the trousers.
Ultimately there is nothing wrong with wearing braces when the trousers have side adjusters, so long as the side adjusters are not pulled tight. That will not allow the braces to do their job, and they will give the wearer an unconfident look for the same reason that a belt and braces do not belong together.
The ideal way to wear trousers is with a raised fishtail back, which positions the braces in the most comfortable way possible. Tab extensions, like on Ralph Fiennes' M's suit trousers, can similarly help. Tab extensions are only present on trousers that can have alternative methods of support, like side adjusters or belt loops.
Ultimately whether or not you can accept braces on trousers with belt loops is down to personal taste. It has historically not been considered a major sin and is not something to get up in arms about. But this is below Bond's usual sartorial standards, and it primarily comes down to Bond wearing a ready-to-wear suit in a way it was not originally intended to be worn. Sometimes that can be okay.
Suttirat Anne Larlarb
Matt Spaiser
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Timothy 27 January 2020 At 11:25
Well said, a minor faux pas at best. In a perfect world this suit wouldn't have belt loops, if for nothing else than to maintain visual cleanliness. But to suggest it's somehow wrong to wear braces with these trousers at all is silly, in my opinion.
That said, I was surprised they went this route. My initial thought when I saw photos during filming was that the braces would only be used in stunt shots, with the blue silk meant to blend with the blue shirt. Imagine my surprise when it was revealed to be otherwise. It wasn't a bad surprise, but not what I'd come to expect from Craig's wardrobe. I'll be interested to see the entire context within the film for him deessing like this.
Jovan 27 January 2020 At 16:57
Same here. Like the Spectre funeral suit, I'll wait to see the context in the film and make up my mind. (My patience was rewarded with the last film and it did make sense.) I actually kind of like this suit on Craig, it looks better than it does in the product shots for Massimo Alba. It also would have looked good with a belt and that's probably how I'd wear it. To our modern eye, it does look odd for a casual suit to be worn with braces. But historically, linen and cotton suits were worn with them too, as were work trousers and the very first jeans.
giancarlo 27 January 2020 At 16:44
Hi, it is tremendous faux paus to add buttons to use braces to a trouser with beltloops. In this case may I to fix the braces to the external buttons (take a look at the Gary Cooper photo)?
http://fragrancedaily.com/houses/yves-saint-laurent/
Saul 27 January 2020 At 18:35
A horrible choice to begin with.
Gives off the thrift store vibe…
Does it not?
Matt Spaiser 27 January 2020 At 18:44
No, it certainly does not give off a thrift store vibe.
David Marlborough 28 January 2020 At 08:49
Yes. It's more to do with how it gets battered (typical scenario for a Craig Bond movie) than the outfit's quality. The shirt could certainly have been improved upon. If anything, it's this which looks like something from a chain store, off-peg line.
Loafers & Longwings 27 January 2020 At 18:50
Fair enough, not a complete faux pas. Problem is, it looks like pure shit.
I like everything else about the outfit, but this detail is unforgivable.
Stan 27 January 2020 At 21:18
Once more, you provide a very thorough, nuanced analysis of the situation, Matt, and readers are certainly grateful, and appreciate all the passion you put into the topic. Henry Fonda's quote is magnificent too.
Now, be it a major or a minor faux-pas, truth is it still is a faux-pas. Nothing wrong about off the rack suits: some look much better than overpriced, shrunken Tom Ford suits (with, in my opinion the extra faux-pas of deliberately open sleeve button, but it is another debate..)
I actually quite like the suit and the combination with the shirt+tie.
Braces I am not generally fond of, and consider them as too cumbersome. I have a hard time understanding the presence of empty belt loops together with braces.
Why, with the pharaonic budget at disposal, such a choice ? If it is an omission, blame the costume department. If it is a deliberate choice, then blame them too, or Craig, as he seemingly has an influence while not having as much cloth-consciousness, or a thorough interest for tailoring as a Roger Moore would have had, and which you definitely have, in abundance.
The problem here is that keeping apparent, empty belt loops while wearing braces gives the impression of someone who wishes to overdo it, who is not 100% at ease with a (of the rack ?) suit and needs to compensate this unease in some way.
This suit would have looked fine with just a belt. Or just with braces. If they took the time to sew 4 buttons for the braces, they might have as well removed (or chopped off) the belt loops, if really in a hurry.
It all seems like wearing a cummerbund with a double-breasted jacket, except that the latter remains closed, and serves as a convenient cover for any potential faux-pas.
No, the truth is that it is not a faux pas, it's just not ideal.
jdreyfuss 28 January 2020 At 13:27
"Braces I am not generally fond of, and consider them as too cumbersome."
I'm just the opposite. I find belts much more cumbersome. Wearing a belt with even the best fitting pants means you always have to be mindful of them at all times. If my clothes are a distraction from my life then they're not going to present me as I wish to be presented.
Christian 27 January 2020 At 22:21
I have no problem with the clothes, and Matt as always covers them well. And I apologize in advance for going off-topic, but that production still of Lea and Daniel looks like Bond is with his daughter. This is stretching into For Your Eyes Only (my personal favorite, but it still has this problem), Never Say Never Again, A View to a Kill territory…
FS 28 January 2020 At 15:48
I felt the same way with Spectre. I think that going forward they have to either keep the lead actor on the younger side (30-42), or make the women match the age of the lead. That's a fairly straightforward solution that avoids the awkwardness of the films you mention. Seydoux is a fine actress but she should never have been cast opposite Daniel Craig being 17 years his junior.
Jennifer Connelly, Gabriel Union, Malaika Arora, Marisol Nichols, Kate Beckinsale, Marion Cotillard, Vanessa Paradis, Jennifer Garner….Rachel Weisz/Mrs. Daniel Craig, and those are just some "names". There are plenty of actresses born between 1968 and 1974 that would, with an adjustment to the SPECTRE/MR. White story, work just fine.
Jovan Gauthier 29 January 2020 At 06:05
Great suggestions, Christian. I agree that this practice needs to end. There are plenty of people who will watch movies with women over 40 leading it. There are also women over 40 who are clearly capable of carrying action movies but need better work to show it. Kate Beckinsale (as mentioned by Christian) is one, Milla Jovovich another.
With the greatest respect, this is one topic which I don't have great issue with. Younger woman + older man. What's the issue? A great deal of younger women like, in fact actively seek, an older, mature partner because the older man offers experience and protection in a way that a man of their own age or younger couldn't. I don't think any of the actors to have played Bond looked sleazy alongside younger actress' in the films they appeared in although yes, if people are uncomfortable with this, I agree that a Maud Adams/ Roger Moore Octopussy scenario gets around this. Roger and Carole in FYEO worked fine to my eye because he played a slightly wearier Bond and his behavior towards her always seemed protective, if not quite fatherly. In fact, dare I say it, his acting capabilities showed through here. There have been a great many movies since the start of Hollywood where a leading man in his 40s, 50s, 60s, has been paired with a younger actress.
I understand your points, and I have a few thoughts so please bear with me. This is a complex and sensitive topic, at the intersection of culture, entertainment, social awareness, and business. I think the issue is Hollywood's portrayal of women and its treatment of actresses over the age of 35 or 40. In an industry that rewards men over 40, it punishes its actresses by typecasting them in motherly or other background roles after they reach about 35. As a major worldwide franchise, the Bond films have an opportunity to not play into casting stereotypes for its female leads and provide actresses with an opportunity that is comparatively rarer for women than for men (would Bond ever feature a 54-year old CIA female ally as it does with Jeffrey (The best Felix Leiter) Wright? The Bond films could also provide (as they occasionally have) a complex, challenging co-lead to match Bond and make the audience believe that he sees something in her beyond a Fleming-era chivalrous attitude or a swingin' '60s one. The lack of depth in Lea' character as portrayed in Spectre is a serious problem with believing the attraction between the two leads later in the movie.
Such more appropriate casting would also give some meaning to the Bond producers' sporadic claims of the female lead being "a new Bond woman for the times." And I never suggested there was a sleaze factor.
That said, my specific point was over this casting and a few others, not over the age difference in general. Lois Chiles and Maud Adams were, respectively, 20 and 18 years younger than Roger Moore, and their characters worked fine with Roger, in part because Roger looked younger in Moonraker than he did just two years later, and because Maud's role was fairly well-written and mature to go with her easy chemistry with Roger. I am sure Rosamund Pike was 25+ years younger than Pierce, but that more or less worked because, well, its Pierce. Similarly, 35 year old Rebecca Ferguson works well opposite Tom Cruise in the recent (and terrific) Mission Impossible Rogue Nation and Fallout because her character is written well and Tom Cruise looks incomparably younger than any other 55+ year old actor.
As for Roger and Carole, the movie (again, one of my favorites) works for the reasons you say and because there is no sexual attraction between them until the final, "moonlight swim" scene that feels tacked on to meet audience expectations.
I do feel that for FYEO, NSNA, AVTK, and as FS points out, Spectre, the female leads look and are written too young for a comparatively mature Bond. And I would think that Charlize Theron or (37 year old) Ann Hathaway would add a lot more to a Bond film than continuing to cast relatively unknown (but also relatively inexpensive) young actresses. (who wouldn't go see the Atomic Blonde (not as the character) matching wits, fists, and resourcefulness with James Bond?)
Or, perhaps the problem is a lead actor (and I am a fan of his first three movies, with Skyfall making that 5 Bond-flick, desert island list) who should have retired 5+ years ago.
The problem is, that sort of age gap is what is overwhelmingly seen when a man is over 40 in movies. It's time to change that. Especially considering the number of heterosexual couples in real life with that age gap isn't the same as what the media would have you believe. Just because something has always been done, doesn't mean it shouldn't change.
I.T. 30 January 2020 At 07:56
Of all the Bond actors, only Daniel Craig can pull off a corduroy suit with suspenders and a buttondown collar shirt in such a cool way and look nothing like an old college professor. Craig is indeed a stylish man, even though, unfortunately, his clothes are almost always too small. He could've improved the fit a little, while still maintaining the tough look. This particular suit though seems to fit him well.
Well, 'de gustibus et coloribus…' as they said. This pertains to everyone's opinion. But unfortunately, it still looks cheap, and out of place, sadly.
Stan, you've already said your piece. Let it go.
Jovan, i was actually a reply to Matt's opinion, before the age gap chapter.
And I still stick to it.
As much as braces may look nice, I am sure you also experienced a precocious wear of your shirts, mainly on the front?
I personally came to the conclusion I found them too affected, for me at least.
Besides, as opposed to braces, belts have proved quite resourceful in some unexpected situations life has to offer, but that is a different topic.
FMR 28 January 2020 At 12:37
Indeed, the real faux pas does not lie on the loops, it is in the design of the trousers themselves. Braces only work with reasonably high waisted ones. Unfortunately here, bond's trousers are the kind of low belt-narrow legs you find on the market since ten years or so. Like it or not, but this cut will never look good with braces. Question of silhouette, balance, and a real mistake in my opinion; then, the loops are just a detail.
This I'll agree with. I won't buy a suit with trousers that have less than a 12″ rise since I started wearing mine with suspenders. Ideally, I'd prefer ones with a 13″ rise, but I can't afford bespoke just yet. Of course, that also means I have to search through a lot of clothes before I'll find one off the rack that suits my needs as well.
Ian 28 January 2020 At 20:04
Perhaps the obviously RTW trousers are to signify Bond's retired status?
Carmelo Pugliatti 28 January 2020 At 23:58
I not see any problem if the trousers are high rise and if the coat is buttoned (better if is a double breasted).
How would a double breasted improve anything? They are on either side and will not be seen when a single breasted jacket is closed. These trousers have a medium rise at best, but I don't think that's the worst thing ever.
Because the double breasted coat is always (or should be) ever buttoned.
The single breasted often is not buttoned,and if one have not a vest,is more easier see the belt loops empty.
However they are nuances,
I suppose so. I don't consider braces and shirts "underclothes" though, and it's hardly the worst thing if somebody sees that there are empty belt loops.
Ryan Hall 29 January 2020 At 04:54
Matt do you think the cord suit really works? Do you think an odd jacket instead of the unstructured suit would have worked better with no suspenders at all.
I think it works nicely. I like the braces with it.
The braces looked odd to my eye at first because I wasn't used to seeing a casual suit with them. But in fact, there's plenty of historical precedent for wearing braces with casual suits, work trousers, and even jeans.
I can't seem to reply directly to your excellent summation of the age gap issue above. Just to say that I think all your points are absolutely valid and I can fully appreciate that actress' do have a hard time of it in Hollywood and roles become limited over a certain age in a way which male actors just do not experience. My "sleazy" comment wasn't directed at you either (it's more to do that this is the kind of response which often arises when an "older" actor is matched with a young actress). I agree that Lea lacks the kind of charisma needed to give spark to her role here and that this doesn't help matters.
I would have absolutely no quarrel with any of the actresses which you suggest being paired with Bond. The trouble with a 51 year old Craig (at time of filming) is that, despite how much his followers adore him, he looks, objectively, far less fresh than Roger did aged 51 (Moonraker) or even Sean aged 52 (NSNA).
All that said, I still believe that, since time immemorial, the mature man and younger woman, has had its place in society. It shouldn't be an issue if portrayed properly on screen and the picture of Craig and Seydoux above doesn't, on the face of it, look in the least odd to my eye.
Rod 30 January 2020 At 22:52
Good discussion – if a little off topic! – regarding age of the protagonists. Honourable mention for the criminally under-used Monica Belluci who is the oldest Bond girl in the canon IIRC.
You won't get any argument from this quarter about that lady!
Yes, we haven't gone off topic quite like this in a few years. But many of the regulars here have thoughtful and varying opinions, so such a discussion is always enlightening. And agreed on the criminal under-use of Monica Bellucci in Spectre (same goes for the Rome location – just shows how underdeveloped virtually all aspects of that movie are). Beyond the age-gap issue, the other problem is not just casting but writing the female leads. Holly, despite her name, works well in Moonraker not just because Roger Moore looks younger than in FYEO and later, but also because she is a well written CIA agent and astronaut, who pushes back against Bond's sexism, we are shown she can can hold her own in a fight, and she is integral to the plot's resolution. Madeleine Swann, by contrast, is supposedly dangerous because she can unload a handgun, misses the shot against Hinx, and then spends the last 45 minutes as a useless damsel-in-distress. I would actually on a glance say that the Craig era, certainly the last two movies, have not had particularly well-written female leads, Camille in QoS and M in Skyfall excepted, and that the last five films of Roger and the four films of Pierce had better written (if not always well-acted) female roles. Hopefully, the franchise is feeling some pressure from the culture and a variety of sources (and directly on the business front from Mission Impossible) to remedy that track record in No Time To Die.
Edward 30 January 2020 At 11:44
I'm very glad you're not in the camp of "braces + belt loops = major faux pas". I think it's actually perfectly acceptable as it affords the trousers extra versatility in lieu of braces.
I DO love the paddles of the braces being so dark against the light sand pinwale and mid-range blue of the shirt. It's a great contrast (though I personally go for braided rather than leather as the latter is always a bit stiff for my personal liking).
Daniel Ippolito 30 January 2020 At 14:35
I.T., Why pick on "old college professors"? They are the best-dressed men on most college campuses (which I realize isn't saying much these days). Students go to class in pajama pants, and administrators wear cheap-to-mid-range pinstripe suits. Older professors in vintage tweeds look better than either of the other two groups.
lmorton 3 February 2020 At 23:30
What about wearing braces with clips, rather than having them attach to buttons?
Matt Spaiser 3 February 2020 At 23:47
Braces should never have clips. They can ruin trousers, and they don't allow the trousers to hang as well because they don't hook into as many places as button braces do.
Daniel Silvestri 5 February 2020 At 16:31
It is a much cleaner look to NOT have the belt loops, but understand the "minor" aspect of them being there while wearing braces. The pants obviously have buttons on the interior of the waistband specifically FOR braces so . . .
This is a cool blog – keep up the great work!
Jason King 9 March 2020 At 08:22
I have to disagree with you on this one. Wearing suspenders with belt loops is not a 'minor faux pas', it is an unforgivable sartorial faux pas of grotesque proportions.
In this instance, it renders our hero a 'Farmer Giles' look.
On a broader note, I'm not a huge fan of the Craig era suits. With the exception of CR, Craig and Ford have gone for this tight 'Honey I Shunk The Kids ' look.
I know this isn't a Ford suit but Craig continues the too tight theme. The shirt is looking fit to burst and the Corduroy suit is just badly cut.
I know the louche look they are striving for. It's something that is well sported by Bryan Ferry. Perhaps they should have asked his tailor, Anderson & Sheppard, to bespoke one for 007.
Great site by the way – keep up the excellent work.
I.T. 18 March 2020 At 20:06
Apparently, the braces come from Benson and Clegg, and not from Albert Thurston. https://bensonandclegg.com/products/jamesbondnotimetodiebraces?variant=32004473356374
Matt Spaiser 19 March 2020 At 00:35
Benson and Clegg provided them, but these are still Albert Thurston braces.
Reid Stapleton 6 October 2021 At 12:14
The best of both worlds would be to have pants with suspender buttons inside and some form of detachable belt loops to have the option of wearing either or, at least the way I see it. If I have suits, I'm actually thinking of getting them with braces instead of belts for comfort.
Jovan Gauthier 10 October 2021 At 01:03
In my experience, brace buttons and side tabs are the best of both worlds and won't require inventing something that doesn't exist! ;) I've had all my MTM suits made with them for eight years now. Worst case scenario, as I tell my customers, is that brace buttons can be safely ignored or even removed. So far I've had no complaints from those who took the plunge.
RT Amos 17 November 2021 At 12:01
Coming in to this late as I've only just seen the film. There's no doubt that "braces + belt loops" is wrong, and I'm amazed it's considered acceptable by anyone on here. It's affectatious. Besides, what man of action would wear braces on anything but a dinner suit? Plus the trousers, as others have noted, are cut wrong for braces so obviously not designed to be worn with them. Seeing empty belt loops is unnatural and jars the eye. The roughness of the corduroy is great but such a suit should be worn for comfort surely? Yet the suit is too tight and unlined which makes his shirt shoulder yoke buckle up near the collar. Watch him before the explosion at the tomb – it looks like he has a sweater matching his shirt under the jacket. If I were Craig, I'd have said something. The bloke knows how to dress in real life.
Daniel+Ippolito 19 November 2021 At 12:53
No, he doesn't.
mark saniez 25 July 2022 At 10:52
I remember me and all of my other brothers and sisters aswell as my cousins,for a wedding we all had to wear a tie and leather end suspenders buttoned on our short pants! we were about 20kids ,mixed with boys and girls from about 3 years old to 16 years old ,It did'nt mater we all had to put and wear for 3 days our leather end suspenders! + a tie ,and what's more all of our suspenders were highly pulled up too,so for 3 days we could'nt even play + there was a teenage girl who verified allways our suspenders and even getted smacked on our legs with a large leather belt if they were not pulled up correctly;even if you were 3 or 16 years old too !Plus everybody told us that we were lovely !It was so hot plus other ladies even took me on their knees even If I was getting on to 16 and even held me by my large well pulled pant suspenders! What I did'nt know aswell is that me and my sister ( 15) who was wearing them like me ,we continued putting them on with our ties both of us everytime we went some place ,this was our outfit! Letting alone that my sister her hair was cut with a crewcut ,even if she did'nt like it and cried,she would receive good belt beatings ,as for me for 16 I was quite small and my mother managed to fix me in the shopping trolley ,jut like a baby in reality! So there you go Actualy we continued some time wearing all this outfit and being treated like babies !


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Home » Racing » Sergio Perez coronavirus: Positive a 'stark reminder' – Horner
Sergio Perez coronavirus: Positive a 'stark reminder' – Horner
Red Bull team principal Christian Horner says Sergio Perez's positive COVID-19 test result is a "stark reminder" to Formula 1 of the risks it still faces around the world.
The FIA announced on Thursday that Perez had tested positive for COVID-19 following an inconclusive first result, ruling him out of the British Grand Prix race weekend.
It marked the first case of COVID-19 for an F1 driver, and is just the third positive result since F1 began its strict testing and tracing protocols in Austria earlier this month.
Teams have been working with reduced personnel on-site and enforcing 'bubbles' to reduce contact between crew members and reduce the risks in play.
But Red Bull chief Horner said Perez's positive test result proved that F1 still must be vigilant and aware of the risks of contracting COVID-19.
"It's a stark reminder," Horner said during Friday's FIA press conference at Silverstone.
"Sometimes in Formula 1, we feel we're a bit isolated and we all live in our own bubbles anyway.
"But I think that when it happens to somebody like Perez, a driver who is affected like that, it's a stark reminder that these procedures are here for a reason.
"The procedures we take as a team and collectively as Formula 1, we do everything that we can to ensure that as little unnecessary contact is made either at the race event, away from the race event, or within the factory.
"It is very difficult, but it's a stark reminder that this thing hasn't gone away yet. It's still out there. We're going to be travelling to countries where there are second waves and peaks that are still bubbling away.
"That's where as a group, as Formula 1, we do need to keep that discipline with the procedures that are in place.
"I think it was handled well, and it's been executed well by the FIA and by the team."
Perez remains asymptomatic despite his positive test, and has explained his decision to travel to Mexico on a private plane following the last race in Hungary, which was within the FIA's code of conduct.
Perez was not the only driver to travel overseas since the last race in Hungary, with Haas driver Romain Grosjean taking a holiday in Greece before coming to Silverstone.
Haas F1 chief Gunther Steiner said it was important for F1 to remain responsible, and that all of his team members had been instructed to follow the guidelines set out by the FIA.
"The FIA and the team handled it well, because we just allow people to keep to the guidelines and not to do anything different, but we know it can happen," Steiner said.
"As we found out, it can get everybody, but then again it's got a good reaction to it to limit it, to spread anymore, so we just have to be responsible each of us.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Confessions on a Dance Floor was Madonna's grand and brilliant comeback artwork! She went back on top to stay-this time for good! The songs told the story of a woman's life, work and art and concluded that Madonna would do it all again to remind fanbase that she has and we all have a Fighting Spirit of love, that we can all Get Together in the names of love, hope and faith and that we can be Future Lovers because Madonna is ready to Jump-she makes it alone in triumph! Like It or Not, we are all still Hung Up on Madonna Louise Ciccone because she is brilliant! I love her!


Lovers of tennis will be an unforgettable week. We invite our guests renting our apartments in Saint Petersburg, to visit the spectacular matches.
this Autumn is rich not only in plentiful harvest, but also a variety of new events. Among them, it is impossible to ignore and one sports, which, although is not yet paramount in the world, for it is not yet part of the series "Grand slam", but perhaps in the future it may become so.
In the decoration of the autumn trees of seaside Park of the Victory from 21 to 27 September in St. Petersburg will take place the twentieth edition of the international tennis tournament St. Petersburg Open. In the anniversary tournament will bring together young aspiring players and world class players among whom the Russian tennis player Mikhail Youzhny, Tomas Berdych, Milos Raonic and others. Tennis fans all week waiting for the emotional intensity of the unforgettable matches, and on Sunday intense finals, rewarding of winners and closing of the tournament. Themselves as winners waiting for impressive prize Fund of one million dollars.
in addition to regular matches in the tournament will be held in pairs.
All week at the tournament venue will host a variety of events, such as September 21, will be held a master class for children, such masters of tennis, as Marcel Granollers and Mikhail Youzhny, as well as an autograph session and press conference of the winner St. Petersburg Open 2013 Gulbis Ernest.
For the convenience of viewers every day to the tournament venue at the JCC "SIBUR arena" metro station "Krestovsky island" will be every 15 minutes run free Shuttle buses. The movement will start 30 minutes before the first and finishes after 30 minutes after the last match day and all the time of the event.
the Main sponsors of the tournament is GAZPROM, PTC, Canon, Volvo and others. Information partners of the tournament are television channel "5 channel" TV channel "Saint-Petersburg", Russian radio, the Internet edition "Fontanka." and others.
Schedules the start of the matches and the tournament can be found on the official website.
the Beginning of the tournament on 21 September at 12 o'clock.


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Missouri businesses prep for reopening with caution
By Clare Roth and Gabby Velasquez Columbia Daily Tribune
On the eve of the end of Missouri's statewide stay-at-home orders, things were mostly silent.
Per usual, Gov. Mike Parson gave no press briefing on Sunday. Restaurants that remained open for takeout and delivery filled orders. Cases of the novel coronavirus continued to rise in hard-hit areas like St. Louis and Saline County.
The process of reopening will take a while. Columbia business owners cited various plans, ranging from limited seating or hours to waiting a few more weeks to open at all.
One of Columbia's oldest and best-known businesses, Booche's, will reopen with room for 22 people, serving its signature burgers on a piece of wax paper but without taking covers off the snooker tables.
Owner Richard Robertson, in a Facebook post, asked people to stay home if they're sick.
"Sadly to say, there will be no billiards offered at this time," he wrote. "With the exception of an acoustic stringed instrument played by a well schooled musician, no sound is more pleasing to my ears than the sound of pool balls touching each other."
State and most local stay-at-home orders expired at midnight Sunday, although in Kansas City and Jackson County they will remain in place until May 15 and in St. Louis and St. Louis County indefinitely.
And Missourians waited.
There were 232 new cases reported Sunday, bringing Missouri's case count to 8,386 COVID-19 cases since the first infection was reported March 7. Of those cases, over half of them, 153, were in the St. Louis metro area.
Boone County reported no new cases as its local count remained at 96, with five cases still active and 90 released from isolation.
Buchanan County, home of the Triumph Foods meatpacking plant outbreak, added 44 more cases. As of Sunday, 373 employees and contract workers of Triumph Foods, who presented for testing sample collection with no related symptoms, have received positive results for COVID-19.
"We continue to work this weekend contacting these asymptomatic patients and have initiated the process of contact tracing with those determined to be close contacts of our positive cases," said DHSS director Dr. Randall Williams..
In the state count of outbreaks in nursing homes and assisted care facilities, the virus has been confirmed at 79 facilities as of May 1.
In the county with the state's highest infection rate, Saline in central Missouri, local health officials reported no new cases as the county's case count remained at 199. On a per capita basis, the infection rate in Saline County is more than double that of St. Louis.
There was one new death reported Sunday, bringing the state total to 352 since the first death was reported March 18 in Boone County.
There have now been coronavirus infections found in 102 of the state's 117 local health department jurisdictions and deaths in 33 counties.
More than 50 members of the Missouri National Guard are helping to ensure a supply of decontaminated N95 masks for those who need them during the coronavirus pandemic.
Guardsmen are gathering used N95 masks at 13 collection points around Missouri and delivering them to a central decontamination site, the Guard said in a news release.
N95 masks are used in industrial settings as well as hospitals, and they filter out 95% of all airborne particles, including ones too tiny to be blocked by regular masks. Government and health officials have been scrambling to find enough masks since the coronavirus began to spread earlier this year.
After a collective hiatus lasting over a month, many of Columbia's restaurants and businesses will reopen this week while bars, escape rooms and the more cautious will stay closed for now.
Mayor Brian Treece announced the guidelines Thursday allowing many, but not all, businesses to reopen Monday.
Bars and nightclubs will remain closed, as will large venues such as movie or music theaters. Businesses that are open will be limited to 25% of their normal capacity if they are smaller than 10,000 square feet. Business locations that are larger than that are limited to 10% of rated occupancy.
Customers are required to follow social distancing guidelines, like sitting at tables at least six feet apart.
Restaurants with bar service will open their seating areas. Broadway Brewery, which plans to open Wednesday for dine-in service only. The restaurant will be able to host 40 people including staff, said manager Jason Murphy.
Other places, like Nourish Cafe, will open with very limited capacity. The health food restaurant will reopen with a capacity of 13 people overall, including staff. With around four people working, that means only nine customers will be allowed inside. The restaurant will work to eliminate touchpoints, like salt and pepper shakers. If customers need condiments, they can ask for them, but they won't be sitting on the table, said co-owner Kalle LeMone.
Hitt Records, located next to Ragtag Cinema and Uprise Bakery on Hitt Street, will reopen with limited hours from noon to 5 p.m. and see how it goes, co-owner Taylor Bacon said.
"People are freaked out," he said. "It's a retail environment, it's not food and it's not alcohol, some people might think it's necessary. I don't know. Everyone's just flying by the seat of their pants trying to figure it out."
Yellow Dog Bookshop owner Joe Chevalier said the store may reopen later this month, but doesn't have a timeline yet.
"We feel it is still too soon to safely resume business as usual," he said, adding the shop will continue offering curbside service for the time being.
Some personal care shops like Iron Tiger Tattoo will reopen, along with Salon Nefisa, with plans to adhere to strict social distancing and hygiene guidelines.
The Social Room will open from noon to 1 a.m. to serve food, but the dance floor will stay closed, owner Jesse Garcia said. His other bars in town, the Penguin Nightclub and Roxy's, will probably stay closed until the start of the fall semester and undergo a renovation project, he said.
Breakout CoMo, an escape room located next to the Social Room, will need to stay closed for the time being, according to city guidance. Although owners would like to reopen the business, owner Jon Westhoff said, the city has banned the reopening of escape rooms in the order issued May 1.
Shortwave Coffee and the Heidelberg will reopen with limited hours and seating, while some of Columbia's pizza places, like Shakespeare's and Pizza Tree, will continue to offer only curbside pickup and delivery for the time being.
Other restaurants are going to wait a little while longer.
India's House will continue serving only takeout for the time being, owners said, while Flat Branch will stay closed for in-person dining at least another week to finish a renovation project. Broadway Diner will not reopen until sometime in June, a manager said Sunday morning. The diner has been offering meals to schoolchildren over the course of the pandemic to help ensure students who typically rely on the school for meals are still getting fed.
Addison's is looking to start opening up for in-person dining on Thursday after talking to the health department, while Main Squeeze plans to reopen May 15, owner Leigh Lockhart said.
Next door, the International Cafe won't reopen for in-person seating Monday, but hopes to soon, owner and general manager Mohamed Gumati said.
44 Canteen will open on Friday and Saturday from 11 a.m. to 8 p.m., while Big Mama Chims Noodle House will allow - but discourage - in-person seating. There won't be any tableside service, but if customers want to order their food to-go and eat inside the restaurant, they will be able to, manager Bruce Lynch said.
"We're going to discourage in-house seating … not to say that we won't have it. It's just, we're going to discourage it," he said.
Cafe Poland will continue offering curbside delivery, but won't reopen until things look more stable, owner Iwona Galijska said.
"Cafe Poland does not feel it's a safe time to open for the public because Cafe Poland is very tiny," she said. "If it's spreading within 15 meters, I cannot assure my customers are safe. And I want to be safe too."
Galijska said she's started doing pickup, but "it's not really okay."
"It's more convenient for people to just sit down ... I really need the money, but I need to feel, you know, comfortable, and like I'm not doing something wrong for the people. I love the people. You guys all like my family and I want to protect everybody how I can."
She said she ordered a vacuum packing machine online in case she needs to start making and selling her beloved pierogies to stores wholesale in case the restaurant is forced to close.
State government office buildings with 300 or more employees will screen the public, employees and vendors entering the buildings, with the help of the Missouri National Guard. Social distancing in building lobbies also will be enforced.
The screenings, which will not include taking temperatures, are expected to take less than 30 seconds. Members of the public who enter the buildings will be required to sign in and provide their information to be contacted if they came in contact with someone infected with COVID-19.
The state encourages the public to continue to do as much business as possible remotely or to use appointment-only services to maintain social distancing.
The case count continued to rise at a steady pace in the nation and worldwide on Sunday.
The U.S. surpassed 1.15 million total confirmed cases of COVID-19 on Sunday afternoon, an increase of 26,628 in 24 hours. The contagion is blamed for 67,447 deaths in the U.S., up 1,396 from the day before.
Worldwide, the virus is known to have infected almost 3.5 million people and is blamed for almost 246,000 deaths.
The Tribune's coronavirus coverage is being provided free to our readers. Please consider supporting local journalism by subscribing to the Tribune at columbiatribune.com/subscribenow and help keep local businesses afloat at supportlocal.usatoday.com.


Completely refinished (wood, finger hole tubes extending into the bore and silver plated keys) by Jim Laslie in 2000. Also added: Whisper key, High D key, High E key between I and II. High Eb/E-F# triller between II and III. D/Eb trill for first finger of right hand. C/Db trill between right hand I and II. Rollers between low C# and Eb, F and Ab, but not F and F# for the right little finger. Whisper Key lock for right thumb.


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Home » News » Papua New Guinea heading into a forex squeeze – World Bank
Papua New Guinea heading into a forex squeeze – World Bank
A new World Bank report details a worsening of Papua New Guinea's economic prospects and finances. It says that the country is 'steadily' losing foreign exchange.
A new World Bank report warns that Papua New Guinea is headed for a forex squeeze. Credit: VM_Studio/iStock
A report by the World Bank says that Papua New Guinea's public debt 'may exceed 40 per cent of GDP and remain there for the foreseeable future' putting pressure on the sustainability of the government's fiscal and debt position.
It says in 2019 there was an increase in the Bank of Papua New Guinea's 'net holdings of government debt', suggesting a return to the practice of the central bank 'financing the government budget.'
This practice, the report says, 'may put further pressure on foreign exchange reserves,' adding that in 2019 outflows on the financial account were at record levels.
'The country is losing foreign exchange steadily. Gross international reserves fell by US$35 million a month in the first nine months of 2019, to US$1.9 billion at end-September. This trend is even more concerning when the nearly US$1 billion was borrowed externally in 2018.'
The report notes there has been a 'sharp rise in payments of dividends abroad, which is adding to the foreign exchange shortage.'
Resource projects needed
Consumer price inflation fell from 4.9 per cent in the third quarter of 2018 to 3.3 per cent in the same period of 2019 due to a softening of domestic demand, a strengthening of the kina, and an easing of telecommunications costs.
The 10-year, US$500 million sovereign bond, issued in 2018, attracted an annual interest rate of 8.375 per cent, 'signaling an upper bound for interest rates'.
'A child born in Papua New Guinea will be only 38 per cent as productive when she grows up as she could be if she enjoyed a complete education and full health based on the Human Capital Index (HCI) score'
The report says that while the 'growth outlook remains positive', projected GDP growth rates are lower than the bank's previous forecasts, 'mainly due to delays in finalising agreements and launching implementation of large new resource projects'.
The news this week that the Wafi-Golpu project has cleared its legal hurdle surrounding the contentious Memorandum of Understanding is a step in the right direction.
Real (after inflation) GDP growth is forecast to be 2.9 per cent this year.
Increasing human capital
The Marape Manifesto is right to put emphasis on human capital according to a new World Bank report.
The report has provided support to Prime Minister James Marape's emphasis on developing the people of Papua New Guinea. It says that investing in 'human capital' is critical for Papua New Guinea's future growth and development. Human capital is defined as: the 'health, knowledge, skills and resilience' that people accumulate.
'A child born in Papua New Guinea will be only 38 per cent as productive when she grows up as she could be if she enjoyed a complete education and full health based on the Human Capital Index (HCI) score,' the report says.
This claim aligns with The Marape Manifesto, a blueprint for government that aims to migrate half of the citizenry to 'some form of business, including SMEs by 2030′; to allocate 10 per cent of the budget to health and education; and to ensure that every child gets a 'minimum of 12 years of foundational education and post-year 12 education'.
Types of capital
The World Bank provides a measurement of the types of capital that have been amassed in PNG. Three quarters is 'natural capital' (which includes resources forestry and agriculture) and only 22 per cent is human capital.
By contrast, in Australia human capital accounts for 56 per cent of the accumulated wealth and natural capital only 17 per cent.
'Almost 50 per cent of the country was born during the last two decades'
'By any measure, Papua New Guinea is lagging its major trading partners in terms of its ability to create productive physical and human capital.
'With the country at an early stage in the demographic transition, investing in people now would allow Papua New Guinea to reap demographic dividends in the future.
'Papua New Guinea's population is growing at a high rate of 2.3 per cent per annum. Almost 50 per cent of the country was born during the last two decades, with 38 per cent of the population below the age of 15 years.'
Filed Under: Economy/Investment, Latest news, News Tagged With: Bank of Papua New Guinea, economic update, national budget, World Bank


Unless you've been living under a rock, by now you've heard all about the controversial Pepsi ad starring Kendall Jenner that has since been pulled. Everyone has seemed to chime in with their opinion, including Whoopi Goldberg who had a few words for those critics who accused the commercial of cultural appropriation.
On a recent episode of ABC's The View, the topic turned to the Pepsi ad that has all of America talking and co-host Whoopi Goldberg wasted no time giving her opinion on claims that the commercial was partially a failure because of its cultural appropriation.


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Real-time observation helpful in Stem cell treatment for vascular diseases, study reveals
Seoul [South Korea], December 20 (ANI): A recent study has found out that Stem cell treatment for vascular diseases can be predicted through real-time observation.
In the study which was published in the journal Biomaterials, therapeutic efficacy prediction was done using initial distribution images of stem cells that differentiate to endothelial cells. It can be applied to research in the field of stem cell treatments for blood vessel regeneration.
In recent years, the number of high-risk groups for ischemic diseases such as critical limb ischemia where tissues of the toe may decay is increasing due to an increase in the number of people with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension which are triggered by changes in dietary habits, smoking and consumption of alcohol. A number of studies are actively conducted on endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs), which are stem cells that contribute to the blood vessel regeneration in the ischemic tissues, to treat such ischemia diseases.
Vascular hEPCs migrate to regions requiring angiogenesis, such as ischemic regions, and then differentiate into endothelial cells of blood vessels or release growth factors that help the formation of blood vessels to induce regeneration of the damaged blood vessels. Hence, these cells can be developed into stem cell therapy for diseases related to blood vessels including ischemic diseases.
However, when the hEPCs with outstanding blood vessel regeneration capability are used as stem cell therapy in ischemic diseases, the therapeutic treatment efficacy may differ depending on various variables such as survival of the transplanted cells and migration to the treatment region. Accordingly, treatments for ischemic diseases are remaining in the clinical stage without being commercialized due to the limitations in accurately observing and predicting the therapeutic efficacy.
The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) recently announced that the collaborative research team led by Dr. Kwangmeyung Kim from Center for Theragnosis and Sung-Hwan Moon from Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd developed a method that can predict the therapeutic efficacy based on the distribution of the initial transplantation of hEPCs by tracking the initial distribution and migration of the transplanted cells using fluorescence romographic images.
The KIST research team first enabled observing fluorescence signals through fluorescence molecular tomography by binding fluorescent dyes to the surface of hEPCs. Subsequently, the team transplanted the cells into the hind limb of mouse with severe limb ischemia and tracked them through images for 28 days to evaluate the cell movement in the body; then, tracked and observed the regeneration process of the blood flow through laser scanning microscope (Laser Doppler imaging). As a result, it was revealed that the hEPCs migrate to the damaged tissues where the ischemic disease is found.
Additionally, the shapes of cell clusters were observed to be injected into two different shapes as a result of analyzing the images of hEPCs during the initial transplantation of cell therapy treatment. The two shapes were condensed round shape and spread shape. When the therapeutic efficacy was observed by classifying the experimental groups into these two shapes, it was found that the initial condensed 'round shape' cells migrated better and showed superior therapeutic efficacy in the experimental groups. Based on these findings, the research team predicted that the treatment efficacy will be superior when the treatment cells are formed into a condensed 'round shape' during the initial treatment.
"Our developed technology, which can quickly and accurately monitor the initial transplantation forms and changes of stem cell therapy, will enable predicting the efficacy of the transplanted hEPCs in the early stages of ischemic disease treatments, and we expect it to be used in the development of stem cell therapy treatments for ischemic diseases in the future," said Dr. Kwangmeyung Kim at KIST, who led the research. (ANI)
Chennai, Jan 21 (PTI): Highlights from the Southern region at 5 PM.


This story is the audio version of a 1963 Twilight Zone episode; it's very dated in characterizations and setting, but it's a kind of creepy story nonetheless.
Nice story for under a dollar.
Would you listen to Passage on the Lady Anne again? Why?
If you could sum up Passage on the Lady Anne in three words, what would they be?
I liked this episode. It was enjoyable, creepy and interesting. The Twilight Zone isn't a deep, thought provoking analysis of why people are on earth. This short was enjoyable for what it is - entertainment.
Please note: Audible posts reviews at its discretion. All the submitted reviews become the property of Audible.com as set forth in our Conditions of Use. In most cases, reviews will be processed for display in one or two days.Please note: Audible posts reviews at its discretion. All the submitted reviews become the property of Audible.com as set forth in our Conditions of Use. In most cases, reviews will be processed for display in one or two days.
I am getting more and more of these Twilight Zone radio dramas. Well worth the price.
would highly recommend!! very good story. had me guessing till the end. you won't regret buying this!!
This story is wonderful. It's very involved and interesting, worth the download 100% Like all Twilight zone episodes it keeps your attention and interest for a long time.
Charles Beaumont was a great science fiction author and this tale is no exception. The cast, headed by Rosalyn Ayres and Martin Jarvis did a very good job alongside narrator Stacy Keach and several, unknown to me American (?) actors who also added drama to the marvellous storyline. This audiobook was great value and a very enjoyable listening experience.
Where does Passage on the Lady Anne rank among all the audiobooks you've listened to so far?
I've read barely 7 eBooks and I've only finished other Twilight Zone Radio Dramas audiobooks. I'll rank this number 3.
Well one part made my heart jump, I won't spoil it for prospective listeners but it was telling of the style of the drama, how reached it's goal in such a slow way that you didn't know you were there even when you reached it. It was a moment when the drama decided not to be slow.
What about Rosalyn Ayres and Stacy Keach 's performance did you like?
This is a drama so it features the voice of about 10 or so actors. The narrator Stacy Keach had about 5% talking time. I liked the actors, maybe I found one annoying but I think that was the point.
Yes, I won't give a spoiler by mentioning it here but a glass broke at that point as well.


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I got a request for a birthday cake shaped like an army tank. At first I wasn't sure what type of tank I wanted to make, so I searched online to get an idea. The bottom part is a 2 layer 1/4 sheet and I used an 8″ square pan for the top part, which was also 2 layers. I also used a ramekin to bake the round part on the very top.
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I was pleased with the turnout, and so was the birthday boy.


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by MK Burgess / Jan 15, 2021
GREEN BAY, Wis. (WFRV) - When you think about the nickname 'The Terminator', everyone thinks about Arnold Schwarzenegger standing there, guns blazing, saying "I'll be back." Much like that man destroyed everything in his path, Aaron Donald, two-time winner of the NFL's Defensive Player of the Year award, and aptly nicknamed after Schwarzenegger's character, is the player that haunts many a coach's offensive play calling nightmares.
"He's a freak," Packers head coach Matt LaFleur said with a grin to reporters on Tuesday. "He's a once in a lifetime type of player. I don't think you truly appreciate him until you have to game plan against him."
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WATCH LIVE: Missouri Governor Mike Parson Press Briefing
I-44 WB Semi and Semi crash; Semi Cab Ripped from Chassis


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The History Of Ice Skates
From bones to blades, they just don't make ice skates like they used to.
by Johanna Mayer, on March 14, 2018
Long before we watched Nathan Chen land quadruple jumps on Olympic ice, humans were ice skating simply to get around.
Federico Formenti, a physiologist and sport scientist at King's College London, worked with a team to reconstruct four historical models of ice skates—from approximately 1800 BCE through the 18th century—and tested the metabolic cost of each of skate compared to a modern day skate. Meanwhile, Dustin Bruening and a team at the University of Delaware built the ice skate of the future—a skate that could prevent injuries and potentially lead to higher jumps and more spins that skaters have yet to stick in competition, like the quintuple jump.
But there were some major changes between the bone skates that Formenti worked with and the ultra-flexible skates that Bruening and the team developed. The shape and size morphed, as did the reasons people wore them.
Let's skate through history, shall we? First, look closely at this 1539 map of Scandinavia below. Can you find the first known depiction of ice skaters?
About 1800 BCE
First known depiction of ice skaters in Scandinavia. Public domain via Wikimedia Commons
Public domain via Wikimedia Commons
These skaters look nothing like the ones gliding across glassy ice at the Olympics. They're chugging along on skates constructed from horse and cow bones, the oldest of which date to approximately 1800 BCE. Developed in Scandinavia, the earliest skaters pierced a hole through the bone and fitted them with leather straps. But they weren't trying to nail the quadruple jump; the bones skates were an efficient means of transport along the many rivers and canals that run through the region.
Reconstruction of ~1800 BC bone skate. Photo courtesy of Federico Formenti.
Unlike today's skates, the bone skates had no sharp edge, and were flat and slippery on the bottom. That meant that, unlike what we do today, skaters couldn't push with their legs—instead, they stabbed a stick into the ground between their legs to push themselves along. This made turns particularly challenging, as skaters had to slow down and push sideways with the stick. But once they pushed off, it was smooth skating. In addition to being durable, Formenti explains, bones were naturally one of the best materials for skates because they contain fat. The oily nature of the surface in contact with the ice reduces the coefficient of friction and allows them to glide more effortlessly across the surface. "It's fun, because you wouldn't expect to move so smoothly and so quickly in a straight line without moving your legs," says Formenti. "It's entirely different from using metal blades."
[When you hear music, do you see blue?]
13th – 18th Century
Reconstruction of the first wooden skates with a metal blade. Image courtesy of Federico Formenti.
In the 13th century, skaters made no bones about discarding the old model and constructing their skates from wood with an iron blade fastened underneath. This meant that they had far more control over their movements, and could ditch those cumbersome sticks and propel themselves using their legs. But it also meant that the blades didn't glide as smoothly—the change from iron to bone meant there was an increased coefficient of friction with the ice. Still, by the 14th century, iron blade skates supplanted bone skates in places like the Netherlands.
As skate makers glided into the 15th century, they added a dramatic curled toe to the blade. Formenti suggests there are a few reasons for it: First, the anatomical shape of the bones used in the original iteration of the skates had a natural (though far less pronounced) curve, and it's possible early skaters were used to it. The curl also prevents the tip of the skate from getting stuck in the ice and causing its wearer to trip. A third reason for that characteristic curl? "I presume that it was also a matter of fashion," says Formenti. "I'm not sure the height and shape of the curl beyond, say, the first centimeter has a functional role."
A 19th-century depiction of the skate with the curled toe that initially developed in the 15th century. Public domain via Wikimedia Commons
[Meet the women who made the internet.]
18th – 20th Centuries
Jackson Haines. Photo via Library of Congress
Until the 18th century, ice skating was simply ice skating. But the Little Ice Age, which started around the 13th century and continued into the 19th, led to a period of particularly cold winters, and newly cheap, mass-produced ice skates, which launched the wintertime ice-travaganza into popularity. The activity soon became more specialized—and so did the equipment.
In 1772, Englishman Robert Jones penned A Treatise on Skating, which is considered the first account of figure skating by Encyclopedia Britannica, marking a split between what would become speed and figure skating. Near the end of the 19th century the American ballet dancer Jackson Haines adapted his techniques for ice dancing, and is widely considered the father of figure skating. The 20th century brought the toe pick, the jagged edge on the front of the figure skate that enables skaters to push off of the ice for jumps.
Meanwhile, skate makers also began to construct skating blades as long and thin as possible for speed and transportation. Why? When it comes to speed skates, blade length matters. A skater's weight is distributed over the given surface area of a blade, and when that blade is short, the weight is all concentrated in one spot. But when it's long, the weight is distributed more evenly, and the blade won't sink as deeply into the ice. That results in a smoother glide.
Reconstruction of 18th-century skate with elongated blade. Photo courtesy of Federico Formenti.
Modern Skates
In the 20th century, skates became what we know today. Old strap-on skates gave way to boots with screwed-in blades, allowing skaters to move more easily and safely, and also take fewer strides over a distance. In addition, the blades of these skates are twice as long as those of the 13th century, but improvements in technology and materials have allowed for lighter and more efficient skates.
Speed skates today. Credit: Shutterstock
"For the same metabolic power, nowadays skaters can achieve speeds four times higher than their ancestors could," writes Formenti in the 2007 study—and he estimates that that difference is even greater now, with subsequent developments in skating technology like the clap skate, which has a hinge that allows the heel to detach from the blade and allow for more natural movement.
"In that sense, I wonder whether the optimal length for ice skating [blades] has been reached," he muses, "but obviously there's a limit to how long [the blade] can get and still be easily controlled."
[Why don't banana candies taste like real bananas? The answer has a little to do with chemistry, and a lot to do with history.]
Future Skates
Researchers are still pondering the future of the figure skate. In 2004, a team at the University of Delaware developed a figure skating boot with a hinged ankle, which was originally designed with injury prevention in mind. Biomechanics experts estimate that when figure skaters land those jumps, they hit the ice with a force five to eight times their body weight. When they land with a rigid ankle, they're absorbing that force over a very short period of time.
"So we wanted to give them an ankle back," says Dustin Bruening of Brigham Young University, who worked on the project at Delaware. The hinged ankle allows skaters to dissipate that force over a longer period of time and a greater range of motion.
Jackson Ultima ProFlex hinged skating boot. Photo courtesy of Jackson Ultima.
The hinge may lead to another unintended advantage: potentially higher jumps. When a skater is able to use their ankles and move through a wider range of motion as they push off the ice, they'd hypothetically be able to jump higher. And a higher jump means more time in the air—which presents the opportunity for more rotations, perhaps unlocking the door to the much-anticipated quintuple jump.
Figure skaters have been slow to adopt the hinged boot. For one thing, when it comes to figure skating, appearance matters, and the hinged boot is slightly bulkier than traditional boots. Plus, a company would need to invest in and manufacture the boot (the skate was only briefly manufactured by one company).
But if you build them, will the skaters come?
"It's quite a drastic change to suddenly have a lot of freedom of ankle movement," says Bruening. "The skaters were practicing their entire lives in a certain pair of boots, and then you ask them to change their boots, it's a very different feel for them. I think a lot of skaters didn't want to adapt, couldn't adapt, felt awkward in them. There was probably a big learning curve."
About Johanna Mayer
@yohannamayer
Johanna Mayer is a digital producer at Science Friday. When she's not working, she's probably baking a fruit pie. Cherry's her specialty, but she whips up a mean rhubarb streusel as well.
The History Of Science History
Science isn't a "triumphant march"—it's sloppy, messy, and full of stops and starts. Meet the people who tell that story.
The Physics Of Figure Skating
Those leaps and spins are a physics demonstration in action.


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July 8, 2019 / 9:50 AM
USA celebrates Women's World Cup with dressing room dancing, singing
United States Women's National Team star Julie Ertz (8) took part in a postgame dance party with teammates in the dressing room after beating the Netherlands in the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup final Sunday in Lyon, France. Photo by David Silpa/UPI | License Photo
July 8 (UPI) -- The United States Women's National Team celebrated its 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup title with dance parties and a sing-a-long to Queen's We Are the Champions after beating the Netherlands in the final.
Alex Morgan, Megan Rapinoe and the rest of the championship crew also sprayed champaign and enjoyed other adult beverages following the 2-0 victory Sunday in Lyon.
The team's celebratory soundtrack also included DJ Khaled's All I Do is Win, Usher's Yeah, and Lil Jon's Get Low, among other nostalgic tunes.
Players held their cellphones for selfie-style videos, which they posted to their Instagram stories. Gold confetti decorated the dressing room floor. The U.S. women's team danced on top of the confetti in their socks while wearing gold medals around their necks and goggles on their eyes for protection from the flying champaign spray.
Rapinoe was a bit late to the dressing room party as she spoke to reporters at a news conference following the victory. She ran into the room afterwards and was showered with champaign and the screams of her teammates.
The U.S. women's team left the stadium with each player carrying a sparkling bottle of champaign.
I love my girls. @USWNT pic.twitter.com/IPLS1nXTS7— Allie Long (@ALLIE_LONG) July 7, 2019
"We leaned on our experience this entire tournament," Rapinoe said. "We had some incredibly tough games, a lot of media attention and pressure, so I think for us older players to carry that load and set the right example for the younger players is a huge reason as to why we were able to be so successful.
"There is no team that is more battle-tested in knockout stages, and that is what this team is all about."
USA coach Jill Ellis has never lost a World Cup match during her tenure as manager, going undefeated in 14 matches at the tournament. She is also the first coach to win two Women's World Cup titles.
my brain: don't say it...⁰me: IT'S A PARTY IN THE USA! pic.twitter.com/XxuXWo3vz5— U.S. Soccer WNT (@USWNT) July 7, 2019
"They're an amazing group of players and an even better group of people," Ellis told Fox Sports. "I could barely speak [in the huddle]. I just said, 'You're unbelievable. Congratulations. You made history. Enjoy it.'"
27th Annual ESPY Awards 2019


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Pangu Unlocks iOS 9 With Latest Jailbreak
Daniel Woods
Every time Apple releases a new version of its mobile operating system, there is a race between hackers to see who can be the first to jailbreak the software.
Invariably it's Pangu, the Chinese team of hackers, that come in first, and they have maintained that reputation again by cracking iOS 9 before anyone else.
Pangu has jailbroken several versions of iOS 9, freeing up the latest iPads and iPhones to a world of external developers beyond the realm of the official App storer, report Motherboard.
Apple releases continuous minor updates to iOS platforms, fixing bugs and glitches, and this jailbreak applies to versions through to 9.0.2.
Pangu announced the jailbreak through their Twitter account, tweeting, "We are very excited to announce the release of Pangu 9, the first untethered jailbreak tool for iOS 9."
For anyone who is unfamiliar with jailbreaking, the term refers to the hacking of Apple's software, which allows developers to unlock restrictions that the company builds into the code of the operating system.
Apple is especially strict when it comes to their mobile operating system in that it limits users to only those apps approved for the App store.
The jailbreak allows extensive access to an array of functions and settings that are impossible to modify within the standard iOS framework.
A jailbreak offers greater flexibility with the capabilities of a device and also the aesthetic presentation of software — you can change the design of icons through Winterboard, drastically alter themes and customize fonts to the point where you would not even recognize it as an iPhone.
Apple has introduced a greater degree of customizable options within the standard iOS in an attempt to deter users from jailbreaking, but they are still very limited by comparison.
We are very excited to announce the release of Pangu 9, the first untethered jailbreak tool for iOS 9 (http://t.co/0ksOanTGRF).
— PanguTeam (@PanguTeam) October 14, 2015
Although there are undoubtedly some great advantages to the jailbreak, one inescapable drawback is that hacking your Apple device will void your warranty and any AppleCare plan you have.
Because the jailbreak for iOS 9 has only just been released, a lot of the apps and tweaks available will likely not have been updated to be compatible yet.
Also, because the jailbreak is only for versions through to 9.0.2., if you have updated your iPhone or iPad to 9.1, the jailbreak will not work — users would have to downgrade to the previous versions to successfully jailbreak their device.
There is usually a short window of time within which it is possible to do this. In another move to deter users from opting for a jailbreak, Apple over recent years has stopped signing off previous versions of software very quickly.
If you need to downgrade, for example, from iOS 9.1 to iOS 9.0.2, Apple will still have to authenticate this through iTunes, and this requires authentication by their servers — known as signing off.
Within a matter of days or weeks, versions prior to 9.0.2. will no longer be available, and the opportunity to jailbreak will be gone. Until, of course, Pangu inevitably releases a jailbreak for 9.1.
The Pangu jailbreak is also only available if you are using Windows, report Popular Science. It usually takes Pangu a little bit longer to release the Mac OSX jailbreak, so if you are using an iMac or MacBook you won't be able to jailbreak.
A way around this is to install Windows on your Mac, or run a virtualization program. This will connect you to an online server running Windows and you can jailbreak via that method. This way you don't have to install another operating system on your Mac.
[Image via Pangu]


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Teamwork brings girls softball closer together on, off the field
Christopher Vye, Sports Editor|August 15, 2022
A tough season for the girls softball team culminated in a similarly tough first-round playoff loss against Lane Tech.
"Lane Tech is one of the best teams we played this season, and I think we put our best foot forward for that final game, even if it didn't end the way we were hoping," says senior team member Kelsey Blickenstaff.
After Evanston went three up, three down against Lane to start the game off, the Kits roared back with two up, two down in the bottom 1st, but that third out proved illusive. Back-to-back singles, a walk and a three-run homer would have to be given up first before the Kits returned to the dugout.
Now chasing a 4-0 deficit, Evanston put up one in the top of the second after a pair of walks by Class of '22 senior Katie Patton and sophomore Aayna Ghose, a bunt by sophomore Maya Nelson that loaded the bases and a passed ball that scored Patton. But unfortunately for the Kits, both Ghose and Nelson were left on base that inning after a pop out and strikeout rendered them stranded.
As the Indians tacked runs onto their lead—three in the 3rd, two in the 4th, two more in the 5th and one in the 6th—the Kits struggled to put up any offense. In fact, E-Town was only able to score one more run that day largely thanks to a double by sophomore Delila Liston in the top of the 5th. In the end, all those runs added up to a final score of 12-2.
While the loss was definitely a tumultuous one, it wasn't exactly unprecedented—the Wildkits were only able to win just two games this season. And because the team's sole wins came against Lake Forest and DePaul Prep, the Kits' conference record included zero wins. That being said, there were a handful of conference games that could have easily went the other way had just a few things gone differently, like a 4-3 loss to Maine West, an 11-10 loss to New Trier and a 7-6 loss to Glenbrook North.
If there's any silver-lining to softball's performance this year, it's that the team improved as the season went on; both of its wins came in the last five games and its two biggest losses were in the season-opening double-header.
"Over the course of the season we learned to work as a team," says Blickenstaff, "and that's what made this year fun."
Christopher Vye, Sports Editor
Hey everyone! My name is Christopher Vye and I am currently a junior at ETHS. This is my third year on staff for The Evanstonian and my first as the Sports Editor. I worked as an opinion writer during my first two years. In addition to writing for The Evanstonian, I am a competitive swimmer for both ETHS and the McGaw YMCA Swim Team, a lifeguard and swim lesson instructor, a percussionist in the ETHS Symphonic Band and from time to time you may find me at ETHS Creative Writing Club meetings. In my free time I love to read, write, lift, be outdoors, listen to music, spend time with friends and family, and just embrace life in as many different ways as I can.
One pin away: Boys wrestling loses tight Senior Night match
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Athletes reflect on nutritional habits, education
Boys swim and dive rises to the occasion on Senior Day
Despite falling to Central Suburban League foes in their last three head to head meets, the Wildkit swimmers got back in the win column with a solid w...
'Sticking together': camaraderie proves to be the winning factor for boys hockey Senior Night
In Senior Night loss, girls hockey still gives '110 percent'
Girls' basketball emerges victorious in high-energy Senior Night game
'Killing opportunities': tackling systemic inequity in sports
Sports: athletes' first exposure to discipline


WRMD-AM 680 St. Petersburg – ZGS Communications acquired Century Broadcasting's one-kilowatt daytimer WLFF AM-680 in 1991 and flipped its format from nostalgia to Spanish as Rhumba 680 WRMD (Radio MunDo). It was a sister station of Tampa Telemundo TV affiliate WRMD-Channel 49.
Shortly after the purchase, ZGS moved the station's studios to 2700 W. Martin Luther King Boulevard in Tampa. However, the transmitter and tower site remained off Gandy Boulevard behind Derby Lane.
In October 2006, WRMD adopted a Spanish Christian format as GEnesiS 680-AM WGES – the home of Spanish language broadcasts of Tampa Bay Rays baseball.
Some names from WRMD history include Cathy Mendoza (GM-1992), Eulides Nunez (PD-1992), Art Karmgard (chief engineer-1992), Carlos Beralta (PD-1993), Pablo Plumey (1993-95), Matthew Rodiguez (GM-1994), and Renzo Escalante (sales 2001-2006).


NAS, 2017 conducted on November 13, 2017 for Classes 3,5, and 8.
Learning level data by learning outcome.
Quick access to learning level data for evidence based planning, monitoring and pedagogical interventions.
Disclaimer: The boundaries and the names used in the maps are only a visual representation and do not determine the legal boundary position.


With fall just days away, we can't help but think (admittedly too much) about transitional dressing. It's always a bit tricky, but one of the easiest ways to master in-between-seasons style is an oldie but a goodie: a Kate Moss–approved army jacket. Here's why: Firstly, the breathable yet substantial material serves to somehow keep you warm without ever making you feel too hot. Also, the color of an army jacket (whether it be an olive green, khaki, or even camo) acts as a neutral, meaning you can pair it with anything and it will blend seamlessly with your outfit. Lastly, they can be easily dressed up or down, as demonstrated by comparing these Olivia Palermo and Emma Roberts looks.
Now, you're probably thinking But I already own an army jacket, to which I urge you in response to take a look at it and assess whether it feels stylish, clean, and worthy of wearing in 2016 (since most of us bought them more years ago than we'd like to admit). If so, then you're done! Wear it at your leisure. If not, we've got you covered with the best ones to buy now.
Shop our army-jacket picks below!
Cropped jackets are perfect for pairing with high-waisted skirts and pants.
Structured shoulders give this a more polished feel.
Raw hems make everything feel more current.
This camo jacket will look so cool with an otherwise-dressy outfit.
We love the lived-in feel of this one.
Call us biased, but this affordable jacket only seems too good to be true.
See how Emma Roberts makes this Forever 21 jacket look like designer.
If you want more of a statement piece, this one also comes with a print on the back.
This version from The Great is so good that it's constantly selling out.
This brand is all about reinventing classic pieces like this army jacket.
Kate's may be sold out, but this Topshop version isn't too shabby either.
Patches are an easy way to update anything.
Only Saint Laurent can make an army jacket look so luxe.
We love how H&M styled this with a crisp white shirt. We're taking notes!
In the mood for some outfit inspiration? See the latest street style from NYFW here.


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ABOVE & BEYOND "A.I." Out Now on Anjunabeats
Posted on February 12, 2016 by Charlotte Horton
DT: FEBRUARY 12, 2016
FM: ALEXANDRA GREENBERG/ VANESSA LOVETT, MSO PR
OUT NOW ON ANJUNABEATS
There are few acts that can match the work rate of ABOVE & BEYOND at the moment. While the tail end of 2015 saw a Grammy nomination for single "We're All We Need," a sold-out live radio broadcast from Sydney's Allphones Arena and the release of their iTunes #1 dance compilation Anjunabeats Volume 12, JONO, PAAVO and TONY look to raise the bar once again in 2016 with a return to their Acoustic project and much-loved OceanLab alias.
Their first release of 2016 is a return to innovative instrumental club music which has been at the center of their ANJUNABEATS label for the last 15 years–specifically the darker journey of "A.I."
Debuted by the band at their Group Therapy 150 broadcast, "A.I." is as gnarly and industrial as the name suggests, full of space-age sounds and synthetic hits. Set to be a formidable feature in ABOVE & BEYOND's DJ sets throughout the year, there are echoes of 'Walter White' in the Jekyll and Hyde structure; warming brass chords in the breakdown betraying the cold, minimalistic drop. It's a heads down, dance hard moment.
Listen to "A.I." here: https://anjunabeats.lnk.to/AI
With their Acoustic II album and accompanying world tour set to kick off this spring, including shows at the Hollywood Bowl, London's Royal Albert Hall and the Sydney Opera House, ABOVE & BEYOND are once again commanding attention in both the electronic and acoustic worlds.
About Above & Beyond
Over their four critically-acclaimed studio albums, along with their acoustic project, Above & Beyond have continually been celebrated for placing real musicianship and songwriting at the heart of what they do. While their famed club mixes have resonated with the dance generation, the songs behind them have touched fans of all ages across the globe. As influenced as much by Jeff Buckley or Bon Iver as they are by their deep love of electronic music, Above & Beyond's songs and lyrics have been sung back to them at the world's biggest stadiums and stages – from Alexandra Palace, to Madison Square Garden, to LA's Forum, to their famed one million people gig at Barra Beach in Rio de Janeiro in 2007.
Aboveandbeyond.nu
Facebook.com/aboveandbeyond
Twitter.com/aboveandbeyond
Instagram.com/aboveandbeyond
For more information on ABOVE & BEYOND, contact:
MSO PR 818-380-0400
Alexandra Greenberg agreenberg@msopr.com; x223
Vanessa Lovett vlovett@msopr.com; x231
This entry was posted in ABOVE & BEYOND, Press Releases. Bookmark the permalink.


This particular chap had never heard of the Bilderberg Meetings …. and has to say right out of the box … it isn't the meetings that are secret … they have a web site that tells you all about them. Well – at least when they were held, who was there and who runs them. It's just what was discussed that seems to be kept under wraps.
And that is all well and good … I mean … even if we wanted to know everything about everything that goes on in the world – well – we just couldn't – could we?
For example … the 65th and latest meeting occurred just this past June.
This chap took this picture in a little town called Los Algodones – a Mexican border town about 10 minutes from Yuma – including crossing the border. So yes – I know what they were trying to say ….
There is an old joke ….
The number of war dead pales in comparison with the number of people who lost their lives at the hands of their own governments.
Read The whole article by Walter E Williams here.
Well, not sure we have been overly concerned with those before? But thank-you for the clarification nit-picking.
While communism is a system based around a theory of economic equality and advocates for a classless society, fascism is a nationalistic, top-down system with rigid class roles that is ruled by an all-powerful dictator.
Sometimes simplicity is the best … may I introduce you to the 'Irish Advent Calendar'.
I particulalry like the abiity for year to year reuse, just with a simple top up.