text:
Radio Broadcasting Services; Tillamook and Scappoose, OR
A Rule by the Federal Communications Commission on 07/05/2000
Effective August 7, 2000.
47 CFR 73
DA 00-1395
MM Docket No. 99-276
RM-9702
List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 73
PART 73—[AMENDED]
https://www.federalregister.gov/d/00-16866
Federal Communications Commission.
Final rule.
The Commission, at the request of Thunderegg Wireless, L.L.C., licensee of Station KJUN, Tillamook, OR, reallots Channel 281C3 from Tillamook to Scappoose, OR, as the community's first local aural service, and modifies the license of Station KJUN to specify Scappoose as its community of license. See 64 FR 50266, September 16, 1999. Channel 281C3 can be allotted to Scappoose in compliance with the Commission's minimum distance separation requirements with a site restriction of 6.5 kilometers (4.1 miles) northwest, at coordinates 45-46-58 NL; 122-57-13 WL, to accommodate petitioner's desired transmitter site. Canadian concurrence in the allotment has been obtained since Scappoose is located within 320 kilometers (200 miles) of the U.S.-Canadian border.
Leslie K. Shapiro, Mass Media Bureau, (202) 418-2180.
This is a synopsis of the Commission's Report and Order, MM Docket No. 99-276, adopted June 14, 2000, and released June 23, 2000. The full text of this Commission decision is available for inspection and copying during normal business hours in the FCC Reference Center (Room 239), 445 12th Street, SW, Washington, DC. The complete text of this decision may also be purchased from the Commission's copy contractor, International Transcription Services, Inc., (202) 857-3800, 1231 20th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036.
Start List of Subjects
End List of Subjects Start Amendment Part
Part 73 of title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations is amended as follows:
End Amendment Part Start Part
End Part Start Amendment Part
1. The authority citation for part 73 continues to read as follows:
End Amendment Part Start Authority
Authority: 47 U.S.C. 154, 303, 334. 336.
End Authority
§ 73.202
[Amended]
Start Amendment Part
2. Section 73.202(b), the Table of FM Allotments under Oregon, is amended by removing Channel 281C3 at Tillamook and adding Scappoose, Channel 281C3.
End Amendment Part Start Signature
John A. Karousos,
Chief, Allocations Branch, Policy and Rules Division, Mass Media Bureau.
[FR Doc. 00-16866 Filed 7-3-00; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712-01-U


Time, could you just slow down a little please? - So Happy In Town | S.H.I.T.
Time, could you just slow down a little please?
Time, where are you going?
You're running away, faster and faster, and I can't keep up.
It was only the other day, surely, that I left my little girl in her brand new school dress and cardigan at the reception classroom door.
At the start of this journey.
Everything too big – her uniform, the playground, the older kids. Everything making her look even smaller.
She was bewildered. Lost. Frightened to leave her mummy behind, and the comforting first few years at home we'd had together.
I felt bewildered. Lost. Frightened to leave her, knowing that I'd miss my little ankle biter at home. But I plastered that reassuring mum-smile on.
It's just the end of the first chapter, and the start of an exciting new chapter ahead. A chapter where she will learn, grow and discover her independence.
After all, we had all the time in the world ahead in the innocence of the primary school bubble, didn't we? No need to panic.
But Time, what are you up to? You didn't give us all the time in the world. You played a trick on me. You bulldozed through seven years in the blink of an eye.
She now wears her skirt short, her cardigan tatty. Nothing is brand new anymore. To the younger ones, she and her friends are the big ones now. The ones she once looked up to in awe.
And now my little girl is about to leave primary school. A few more days to go before she ventures into the world of tweens, teens and more independence.
I might not feel ready, but she definitely is. One day she was holding my hand, walking to school, then the next day I reached out, but her hand wasn't there.
Then she no longer wanted to walk with us at all.
She now craves to do things on her own or with her friends. Not with me. But that's ok. That's what's meant to happen. That's what we bring our children up to do. They can't rely on us forever.
And I couldn't be more proud of her, of everything she's achieved, all the challenges she's faced head on. These challenges that have made her the strong, bright, funny, caring and engaging girl that she is, ready to take on the world.
It's just that Time, you frighten me. You move so quickly these days. When I was a child, a year lasted forever. Now I have my own children, you make a year go by in a flash.
So, will you just get faster and faster? Everyone says so. Before I know it, will I be nostalgic for this time? The time when she was in year 6, growing up but still within my reach. Still needing me more than she thinks. Not yet embroiled in the years of teenage angst.
But Time, as fast as you fly, I'm grateful for you, grateful that we have you.
I know this is how it's meant to be. I know you can't stand still. You move on, so do our children, and so must we.
Just one thing though, could you just slow down a little please? Catch your breath. There's no hurry. Keep her within reach for a little while longer.
I'm not ready to wake up tomorrow and discover another seven years have flown by, and she's about to leave home. Just hold your horses on that one.
end of primary school, kids growing up too quickly, kids leaving year 6, leaving primary school, lifestyle and parenting blog, S.H.I.T., so happy in town, Susie Weaver, time flies when you have kids, Time flying by, time slow down, Where is time going?
Wow your travelling thing has already been a year?! And I LOVE that you and Susie know one another!
I'm with you. Am currently battling the emotion of leaving the only school my kids have been at for 11 years and the realisation my 14yo is entering exam prep stage (yes I AM still calling it O-levels to answer your question on Insta the other day lol). I feel cheated tbh. I just can't understand how in 4 years' time (when I remember everything about my summer 4 years ago) my eldest will have left the nest. Am just bereft.
But yes, I have probably shed more tears this past 2 months over my kids than I may ever have.


Dear Lou: Twas only the other day since I answered your last letter but for fear you will be uneasy about me I concluded to write at once. The old Rockbridge battery (guns) has gone up1. Twas captured yesterday morning about 6 o'clock. There is one man missing, Andrew Darnell from Wayneborough, one man slightly wounded named Black. The particulars of the way in which it was captured were these. On the river road near Deep Bottom is a position from which we could see gunboats in the river about 1,000 yards off. We were ordered to fortify this position and after we finished we occupied them & soon drove off the wooden gunboats & then left. In a few days after the Yankee pickets advanced as far as the pits. Next day a brigade of ours advanced & captured the pickets & occupied the road again. Again we were ordered down to dig out the pits the Yankees having filled them up. We worked there under fire from a land battery they had erected which did us no damage but killed & wounded some of the infantry that were supporting us. That night (26th) we brought our pieces down & put them in position & got everything ready to fire in the morning. What the intention of the movement was I cannot tell but it is thought that it was to take the position occupied by the Yankees. At 6 o'clock it was discovered that the Yankees had crossed a heavy force & were flanking us & in a few minutes they could be seen advancing on our flank. The brigade was ordered out of their trenches & formed into a line that faced the flankers. We had to roll our guns out of the pits & face them the same way. At last the Yankees skirmishers got within 50 yards of our battery & were firing into us pretty rapidly but two shots from our guns made them lie down, but at this time the Yankees came up in front of our pits, then on our flank, & the infantry were ordered to fall back & of course we had to leave & get out the best way we could. The horses were sent back therefore we could not get the guns off. All this occurred in about twenty five minutes. We were also exposed to the fire of artillery & our escape was most miraculous. I cannot but think that it was a special act of Providence & we ought to be very thankful. Somebody is to blame for the capture of our guns, either an officer commanding that infantry or one commanding that artillery here (Col. Carter). It was the finest battery in the army. Capt. Graham went to Richmond immediately to get another battery & succeeded getting 4, 10 pound parrot guns which the horses have been sent to Richmond for today2instead received the mix of Parrot's and Ordnance rifles described in Driver's book. More research is needed.]. Our forces fell back & now occupy New Market Hill. As soon as we get our guns we will be in again. I think it very doubtful whether they will advance or not. I believe they only want to protect their shipping from our batteries that were playing upon their steamers & transports that were continually passing up & down the river. Chapin just got some eatables from home which we are enjoying now more than ever. We drew corn meal & bacon & flour bread made almost like cake.


text:
Q: I am looking to re-write a specific URl with php I am using a PHP script to change my download link to "http://mydomain.com/get.php?download/" however I am looking to further change this to only show "/get.php?download/ or something more specific like "?php" on my web page where the button holds the link.
Here is my code:
<?php

$path = 'folder/blank.file/';
$mm_type="application/octet-stream";
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0");
header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0");
header("Cache-Control: public");
header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
header("Content-Type: " . $mm_type);
header("Content-Length: " .(string)(filesize($path)) );
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.basename($path).'"');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary\n");

readfile($path); //output

exit();

?>

How is this possible? Thanks for your help!
Edit: Am using lighttpd and invision power board.

A: i dont know if you already have made this (its an old question )...
but i have something that may help.
to rewrite, in IPB you can change the core files ... take a look in here:
{forum-root}/admin/applications_addon/ips/downloads/extensions/furlTemplates.php
in "idmdodownload" take a look in this row:
'out' => array( '/app=downloads(&|&)module=display(&|&)section=download(&|&)do=do_download(&|&)id=(.+?)(&|$)/i', 'files/download/$5-#{__title__}/$6' ),

you can rewrite that and i think you can get what you want ...
take a look at ->my post about rewriting in IPB

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Kanche actress aced the Day 2 of SIIMA 2017 in a traditional outfit.
Pragya Jaiswal walked down the red carpet on Day-2 of SIIMA 2017 in a traditional outfit.
She wore pink silk lehenga that she paired with a blue blouse and a matching dupatta (all) by Raw Mango. Rounding out her look was a temple necklace from Shringaar, a gold clutch and a bindi.
Traditional looks are always lovely on the red carpet and she made it work.


text:
<!DOCTYPE frameset SYSTEM "frameset.dtd">
<frameset>
    <predicate lemma="realization">
        <roleset framnet="coming_to_believe" id="realization.01" name="come to know" source="verb-realize.01" vncls="29.5 84">
            <roles>

                <role descr="new knower" f="" n="0">
                    <vnrole vncls="29.5" vntheta="agent"/>
                    <vnrole vncls="84" vntheta="agent"/>
                </role>

                <role descr="new knowledge" f="ppt" n="1">
                    <vnrole vncls="29.5" vntheta="theme"/>
                    <vnrole vncls="84" vntheta="theme"/>
                </role>

                <note/>
            </roles>

            <example name="both args" src="" type="">
                <text>the company 's realization that the industry 's poor performance stems from its failure to give customers what they want</text>
                <arg f="" n="0">the company 's</arg>
                <rel f="">realization</rel>
                <arg f="" n="1">that the industry 's poor performance stems from its failure to give customers what they want</arg>

                <note/>
            </example>

            <example name="both args again" src="" type="">
                <text>there is "growing realization" *ICH*-1 around the world [that denial of intellectual-property rights harms all trading nations]-1</text>

                <arg f="prd" n="m">growing</arg>

                <note>'around the world' not in the span in this case.</note>
                <rel f="">realization</rel>
                <arg f="" n="1">*ICH*-1</arg>
            </example>

            <example name="arg 1 only" src="" type="">
                <inflection aspect="ns" form="ns" person="ns" tense="ns" voice="ns"/>
                <text>the realization of past mistakes</text>

                <rel f="">realization</rel>
                <arg f="" n="1">of past mistakes</arg>
                <note/>
            </example>
            <note>Based on sentences in nouns-00040. Comparison to realize.01. VN classes conjecture-29.5-1 and discover-84. Framed by Katie.</note>
        </roleset>
        <roleset framnet="" id="realization.02" name="cause to come about, create" source="verb-realize.02" vncls="">
            <roles>

                <role descr="creator" f="" n="0"/>

                <role descr="thing created" f="ppt" n="1"/>

                <role descr="source, created from" f="dir" n="2"/>

                <note/>
            </roles>

            <example name="arg 1 only" src="" type="">
                <text>average gold price realization</text>
                <arg f="adj" n="m">average</arg>

                <note/>
                <arg f="" n="1">gold price</arg>
                <rel f="">realization</rel>
            </example>

            <example name="args 0 and 1" src="" type="">
                <inflection aspect="ns" form="ns" person="ns" tense="ns" voice="ns"/>
                <text>his realization of this dream</text>

                <arg f="" n="0">his</arg>
                <rel f="">realization</rel>
                <arg f="" n="1">of this dream</arg>
                <note/>
            </example>
            <note>Based on sentences in nouns-00040. Comparison to realize.02. No VN or FN classes. Framed by Katie.</note>
        </roleset>

        <note/>
    </predicate>

    <note/>
</frameset>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Pet of the Week: Onyx
March 23, 2012 May 14, 2013 Pet Naturals
It's about that time again—time for pet of the week! We get a lot of feedback from our customers and employees sharing why their cats, dogs, turtles, fish and horses are the crème de la crème of pet-dom, but this week, we had to pick one that really caught our attention.
This is the story of Brittany Peduzzi, a Pet Naturals representative, and her gorgeous companion called Onyx. It's a story about litter and grooming, supplements and hairballs, but most importantly, it's a story about love.
"His legal name is Onyx the cat Peduzzi, but his nick (and more commonly used) name is Poopty," says Brittany, who met Onyx at a particularly difficult time in her life.
After the death of her dog Ace, Brittany's sister (who works as a representative in another of our animal divisions) suggested a kitten's company. When choosing her kitten, Brittany played with several to gauge their relationships but "wasn't sensing anything from them," she says.
Just before she gave up hope, Brittany "saw this tiny little kitten lying in the litter box sleeping. All the other kittens were bouncing around and squeaking and playing, and this little kitten was sleeping in a litter box! I went over and picked him up and I could immediately feel that this little runt covered in cat litter was mine," she says.
Fast forward ten years, and Brittany and Poopty are still going strong. Poopty's meticulously clean habits and notorious pickiness about food have meant that Brittany has had to compromise certain creature comforts for her cat's happiness, but she's willing to try anything to make Poopty's life everything it should be.
"His mood and location are a big factor in his pickiness. If other cats are around he won't eat. But he loves to nibble on Daily Best and Hip + Joint for Cats," Brittany says.
Onyx's favorite spot to rest is, by no coincidence, the same as his mom's—in her bed. "He's always down by my feet, " says Brittany. "He is there when I wake up and when I go to bed."
That's not the only endearing thing about Onyx. He can do a backflip, and he even tries to drink from the faucet (though he doesn't always succeed).
We love cats that give it a try anyway. And seriously, what's not to love? Onyx and Brittany are clearly a match made in kitty heaven, and that's the best part of owning pets–finding little mates with whom we can share this crazy experience we call life.
← How we Respond to a Pet Vitamin Overdose
Looking for a Nylon Dog Collar? →
https://www.petnaturals.com/blog/pet-naturals-pet-of-the-week">

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Steelmans offer for sale a used Weatherley Cincinnati Horizontal Broaching Machine. This machine has a capacity of 35 Ton x 72" (1830mm) stroke for internal broaching.
Steelmans are pleased to offer for sale a used BSA TM7 Vertical Broaching Machine. The TM7 has a capacity of 6 tons x 36" stroke and was designed for internal and external broaching processes including keyway broaching.
Steelmans are pleased to offer for sale a used Cardinal TC1400 x 15 Vertical Broaching Machine. Good vertical broaching machines very rarely come onto the second hand market so this is an excellent opportunity.
Steelmans are pleased to offer for sale a used Greenbrook 850 Horizontal Broaching Machine. The machine has a capacity of 4 ton x 50" stroke for internal broaching. The machine has an adjustable height faceplate and coolant system.
Steelmans offer for sale a used Alfred Herbert Vertical Push Broaching Machine. The machine has a capacity of 20 Ton for internal broaching and comes complete with a good selection of push type broach tools and broaching guides.


Our milk chocolate and extra virgin olive oil tartinade is a highlight for dessert. Serve with ice cream, fruits or bread for a sweet snack.
Artisanal tartinade made in Montreal, Québec.
Cream 35%, white sugar, milk chocolate 41%, glucose, water, extra virgin olive oil and salt.


text:
LURFC
Men's Management
Women's Management
Established in 1976, the Loyola University in Maryland Rugby Football Club, is the oldest Recreational Sports Club at the School.
Practices are held Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays from 6 until 9 PM. Matches are usually played on Saturdays at 1 PM.
Club News and Results
Due to circumstances with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic the Loyola men's and women's rugby teams' seasons were cut short. The inaugural season for the women's team came to an end, and the powerful national championship run that the men's team had also ended, but Loyola rugby looks to the future. Loyola rugby is looking forward to continuing our success into next fall for the men and next spring for the women.


text:
Saving People or Saving Face? Narratives and the Humanitarian Order in Southeast Asia
Think Tank (6/2020)
Christopher Chen
On 17 November 2020, the Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) Programme of the Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies (NTS Centre) at RSIS hosted a webinar titled "Saving People or Saving Face? Narratives and the Humanitarian Order in Southeast Asia". The webinar was delivered by Dr Kilian Spandler, Researcher, School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. The presentation was based on his recently published journal article in The Pacific Review, and the session was moderated by Dr Alist ... more
On 17 November 2020, the Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) Programme of the Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies (NTS Centre) at RSIS hosted a webinar titled "Saving People or Saving Face? Narratives and the Humanitarian Order in Southeast Asia". The webinar was delivered by Dr Kilian Spandler, Researcher, School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. The presentation was based on his recently published journal article in The Pacific Review, and the session was moderated by Dr Alistair D.B. Cook, Coordinator of the HADR Programme and Senior Fellow, NTS Centre.
Over the past 15 years, ASEAN member states have invested substantially in HADR cooperation. Despite broad support for the idea of "localising" humanitarian action, the emergence of regional mechanisms has in practice led to uncertainty and friction among the stakeholders.
Dr Spandler's research investigated why so much uncertainty existed in the regional governance of HADR in Southeast Asia. Using narrative analysis as a theoretical framework, he identified how different agents constructed the role of the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management (AHA Centre). He then grouped the different narratives into four categories: (i) Affirmative narrative, (ii) Sceptical narrative, (iii) Critical narrative, and (iv) Transformative narrative. In doing so, he argued that the competing narratives hampered the formation of a more coherent regional architecture for humanitarian governance. To foster a cohesive humanitarian community in the region, the various humanitarian networks would require a more unified and overarching narrative for them to coalesce into a community.
His findings questioned traditional, hegemonic, and liberal ideas about the regional humanitarian system, and their implications on authority relations and the roles and responsibilities of humanitarian actors. They also highlighted the fact that strategic narratives were increasingly being recognised as central mechanisms in the re-making of international order – both in the humanitarian field and beyond. The presentation was followed by a lively question-and-answer session involving more than 40 participants.
Catch it here on the RSISVideoCast YouTube channel:
CSCAP Nuclear Energy Experts Group Virtual Meeting
The US Presidential Election and the Implication for the Situation in East Asia
Freedom and Violence
Perspectives on Identity-Based Extremism in the Indo-Pacific
Implications of the US Withdrawal from Afghanistan
The Indo-Pacific: Geostrategic Challenges and Opportunities for Germany and Singapore
Middle-Power Diplomacy in the New Era of US-China Competition
Assessing the Role of TNI in Combating COVID-19 in Indonesia
Europe in the Indo-Pacific: Middle Power Patchwork or a Common European Strategy?
The Courteous Power: Japan and Southeast Asia during the Suga Administration
Regional Multilateralism in Uncertain Times: Past, Present, and Future
Does the US Need a New Security Framework/Architecture for Renewed Great Power Rivalry?
The Science, Politics and Geopolitics of the COVID-19 Vaccine
Between Ambition and Ambivalence: Australian Diplomacy in an Era of Strategic Change
DRUMS: Distortions, Rumours, Untruths, Misinformation & Smears
30 Years of Diplomatic Relations between Singapore and China and Reflections on China-Southeast Asia Relations
Regional Trends in Inter-Religious Relations
Podcast on US Presidential Election 2020 (Pre-election)
On 17 November 2020, the Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) Programme of the Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies (NTS Centre) at RSIS hosted a web ...


text:
Spray painting is a painting technique in which a device sprays coating material (paint, ink, varnish, etc.) through the air onto a surface. The most common types employ compressed gas—usually air—to atomize and direct the paint particles.
Spray guns evolved from airbrushes, and the two are usually distinguished by their size and the size of the spray pattern they produce. Airbrushes are hand-held and used instead of a brush for detailed work such as photo retouching, painting nails, or fine art. Air gun spraying uses generally larger equipment. It is typically used for covering large surfaces with an even coating of liquid. Spray guns can be either automated or hand-held and have interchangeable heads to allow for different spray patterns.
Single color aerosol paint cans are portable and easy to store.
Cromer (/ˈkroʊmər/ KROH-mər) is a coastal town and civil parish on the north coast of the English county of Norfolk.[1] It is approximately 23 miles (37 km) north of the county town of Norwich, 116 miles (187 km) north-northeast of London and 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Sheringham on the North Sea coastline. The local government authorities are North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is on Holt Road in the town, and Norfolk County Council, based in Norwich. The civil parish has an area of 4.66 km2 (1.80 sq mi) and at the 2011 census had a population of 7,683.[2]
The town is notable as a traditional tourist resort and for the Cromer crab,[3][4] which forms the major source of income for local fishermen. The motto Gem of the Norfolk Coast is highlighted on the town's road signs.[5]


text:
Tim Heidecker makes an ominous debut in this exclusive Portlandia clip
Danette Chavez
Carrie Brownstein
The new season of Portlandia has been as packed as ever with guest stars, including Kyle MacLachlan and Kumail Nanjiani (who are practically regulars), as well as Judy Greer and Maria Bamford. This week, the series will welcome one of its most anticipated guest stars—Tim Heidecker, who's hosted Portlandia co-creator Fred Armisen on one of his sketch shows. The Decker: Unclassified star plays a humane exterminator hired by Nina and Lance (Armisen and Carrie Brownstein, respectively). The A.V. Club is exclusively premiering this clip from the February 23 episode, which suggests that Heidecker's oxymoronic job description might just be a ruse.
Find out what nefarious or ridiculous scheme Heidecker is hatching when Portlandia airs Thursday at 10 p.m. ET.
Recent from Danette Chavez
What did the Emmy nominations get right this year?
Colson Whitehead's Nickel Boys unearths ugly truths about America's past—and present
Angelica Ross wants tonight's Pose to inspire action, not just anger


text:
Forget 'work-life balance'. Work is life, and that's how it should be
By Harold Mitchell
My dear dad had three jobs most of his working life. And he worked into his 80s, even though he didn't really have to from a financial point of view. I was well enough off to look after anything he needed.
Well, almost anything. You see Dad always felt that there was something that work gave him that money couldn't buy - his respect for himself as a working man.
Dad's last job was in a local orchard where his years in the bush working in timber gave him a great understanding of trees. He was a self-taught arborist and his decades-long experience was greatly valued.
Everybody I knew worked, and it was impossible to imagine life without it. Credit:Tamara Voninski
Work was an essential part of life to my father, and he made sure that the rest of the family lived the same way. My mother had a full-time job, and from the age of 12 I worked at the local chook farm alongside Dad cleaning out the pens.
On his holidays dad went and worked "on the wheat" in the Wimmera bringing in the harvest. My history school teacher at the time also worked a second job on the wheat farms over the summer break.
Everybody I knew worked, and it was impossible to imagine life without it.
Credit:Cathy Wilcox
I remember our wonderful high school headmaster explaining the simple truth of how life is to be lived.
"You have 24 hours each day. Eight are for sleeping, eight are for working and eight exploring what else life has to offer." And it was in that third block of eight hours that we developed our interests in music, art and sports as well as learning the crafts.
I still remember the day the opera came to town. I was about 13, I think, and it spawned a lifelong fascination with the arts that led me, decades later, to be the Chair of the National Gallery of Australia and a board member of Opera Australia and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra.
But it's the eight hours set aside for working that makes everything else possible - even sleep. I've always had my best sleeps after a solid, productive working day.
I don't want to be too hard on the current and emerging generations, but I have the feeling that there is too much cynicism about "work ethic". I want us to be aspirational. I want to see this and future generations achieving better jobs and greater productivity and not gaming the system.
It's the eight hours set aside for working that makes everything else possible - even sleep.
According to recent OECD figures, the top five hardest working countries are all so-called developing countries with their workforces all averaging well over 40 hours a week. No wonder they are developing. They don't question the work ethic, they just do it.
The great leader of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew, understood this very well. Coming out of World War II he took his tiny country of 500,000 on a remarkable developmental journey through smart hard work.
From the manufacture of cheap transistor radios, he and his people developed a work value chain that produced a sophisticated society with world-leading enterprises in finance and aerospace. In fact, the big aircraft companies, like our own Qantas, have their servicing done in Singapore.
Try to balance work and leisure but let's drop this phrase "work life" balance.
Australia is in a very good place despite the regrettable instability of our federal government, but it's all ahead of us.
We must avoid thinking of work as an intrusion on life. Try to balance work and leisure but let's drop this phrase "work life" balance.
To my old-fashioned way of thinking, work is life.
One of the great drivers of wealth in many developed economies are our very hard-working generations of immigrants.
A study of first and second generation immigrants by the Pew Research Centre in the United States found that the second generation of "new" Americans are high achievers. Within a generation they progress from a status of "disadvantage" to a position of equaling, or even bettering the general US population in terms of education, home ownership and household income.
In fact, the study showed that Hispanic and Asian Americans place more importance on hard work and career success than the general public. It's a myth that they look for handouts - and I bet the same is true in Australia.
None of this is to say that we shouldn't help people who fall between the cracks. Any decent society must help those who are struggling. But it's their struggle that should be supported, not their dependency on the state.
Charlie likes quoting US presidents, although not the current one.
He uses Theodore Roosevelt's words on this matter: "I don't pity the person who does hard work worth doing. I admire them. I pity the creature who does not work - at whichever end of the social scale they may regard themselves as being."


text:
Aleksander Jan Dębicz (ur. 23 sierpnia 1988 we Wrocławiu) – polski pianista i kompozytor muzyki teatralnej i filmowej.

Zwycięzca konkursu Transatlantyk Instant Composition Contest w 2013 roku na Festiwalu Transatlantyk w Poznaniu.

Laureat nagrody na Festiwalu Dwa Teatry w 2019 roku za najlepszą muzykę do słuchowiska ("Anna Karenina" w reż. Katarzyny Michałkiewicz).

Zwycięzca międzynarodowego konkursu Bridgerton Scoring Competition w 2022 roku, organizowany przez firmę Spitfire Audio.

Nominowany do nagrody Fryderyków w 2018 w kategorii Album Roku Muzyka Kameralna za album Bach Stories, Fryderyków w 2019 w kategorii Album Roku Recital Solowy za album Invention oraz Fryderyków w 2022 w kategorii Album Roku Muzyka Kameralna - Większe Składy za album Adela.

Dyskografia
 Cinematic Piano (2015)
 Bach Stories (oraz Marcin Zdunik) (2017)
 Invention (2018)
 Adela (oraz Łukasz Kuropaczewski, Jakub Józef Orliński) (2021)
 Sideways (2022)

Single

 The Union (2019)
 Victoria 1920 (2020)
 Christmas Oratorio, BWV 248: "Jauchzet, frohlocket" (Arr. for Cello and Piano) (2021)
 Piosenka jest dobra na wszystko (2021)

Spektakle Teatralne
 Fifi (2016, Teatr Polski im. Arnolda Szyfmana w Warszawie, opracowanie muzyczne)
 Kłopoty ze spadkiem (2017, Teatr Polski im. Arnolda Szyfmana w Warszawie, muzyka)
 Marlena. Ostatni koncert (2017, Teatr Polski im. Arnolda Szyfmana w Warszawie, muzyka, pianista)
 Anna Karenina (2018, Teatr Polskiego Radia, muzyka)
 O kotach (2020, Teatr im. J. Słowackiego w Krakowie, muzyka)
 Tchnienie. Poeta fortepianu (2020, Teatr Polskiego Radia, muzyka)
 Dziewiąty dzień księżycowy (2021, Teatr im. Adama Mickiewicza w Częstochowie, muzyka)
 I była miłość w getcie (2022, Teatr Żydowski w Warszawie, muzyka)

Filmografia
 Zjazd absolwentów czyli punkt odniesienia (2017, muzyka)
 Dotknięcie (2018, muzyka)
 Sala samobójców. Hejter (2020, jako pianista)

Przypisy

Polscy pianiści
Absolwenci Uniwersytetu Muzycznego Fryderyka Chopina
Polscy kompozytorzy muzyki filmowej
Polscy kompozytorzy muzyki teatralnej
Urodzeni w 1988
Ludzie urodzeni we Wrocławiu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Whether you're cycling, climbing kilimanjiro, parachute jumping, running, swimming or walking. We have an event to reach your goals.
We even have a 'FUNDRAISING PACK' to help you find inspiration to help raise vital funds for Inter Care. This will include a list of events you can host in your local area including quiz nights, shop collections or bake sales. Here you can also find a offline donation sheet.


No doubt, in present scenario, integration of technology in the classroom has become imperative. Technology is the wave of present and of course future education system.
In this technological wave, somewhere we are ignoring the relevance of teachers and their effective teaching. Thoughts like technology can replace teachers or there is no need of teachers when we have technology, is prevailing nowadays. All these thoughts somewhere make us realize that tech is everything, not teaching.
I found that tech savvy teachers talk less about technology and more about teaching. They see technology as a great tool to help them in teaching, but not technology above teaching.
A tech savvy Physics and Mathematics lecturer from Karachi says, "Technology is included in the hardware part of teaching aid, it can help teacher but can never replace the Teacher. I personally believe that the more usage in the classroom has made our students less creative thinker.
For example when teacher says suppose an Apple , some students suppose red, some green , some big , some small...so we have many ideas in class but nowadays if teacher teach with projector and make the student want a particular Apple then we lose the creative mind of the student and also we have only one idea.
Most of the tech savvy teachers give first preference to their learning objectives and then they think about tools that can assist them in accomplishing those learning objectives for their students. Almost all tech savvy educators also believe that technology does not replace good pedagogy. Tech is best when used in application not isolation.
One of the very crucial points he made here is teachers should make an effort to learn and understand technology. Today, not every teacher see technology as a great tool, there are lot of teachers who feel uneasy and anxious in the presence of technology. They hesitate to learn new things or get involved into it.
I believe what he is trying to say is that "Technology is a slave to a master called - purpose." If the purpose to use technology is clear, good teachers will put efforts to achieve their needs and goals.
"My father, a professor at a local university, is one of those educators. He recently retired after 39 years of dedicated service. This past summer, he had been informed by the administration that all members of his department had to use a SmartBoard in their classrooms beginning with the fall 2012 semester. My father and the other faculty members were given one day of training and told they had to include the SmartBoard in all upcoming lectures.
This edict caused a tremendous amount of stress among the faculty members at my father's university. Many of them felt that they were being rushed into using a tool they were unfamiliar with. My father and his colleagues believed the university administration had not thought the whole process through carefully enough.
Well, this is the big mistake. Teacher's proper training before implementing a new technology is necessary. Teachers are the driving force of education and have great power to motivate their students to learn through a specific technology, and if they are uncomfortable or do not feel motivated towards tech in education then how will they inspire their students?
Empowering teachers with technology is the great way to make them familiar with the technology and hence make them tech savvy. And once they become tech savvy, technology would just be tools for them and then they can easily use them and can refocus on what teaching means at that point in time.


The Cages – Casbah Wire Bird Cage has an exotic designer look. This includes a wide roof for extra flight room for small to medium birds. Also includes an extra large front opening door. The 1/2 inch bar spacing makes it easier to keep your birds safely inside the cage. Includes a pullout bottom and removable grille to make it easier to clean the cage. Protective cup doors provides easy access to the two food and water cups. Finally, includes three perches for provide plenty of sitting area.


text:
Homicide charge laid in stabbing death of Canadian man in Mexico
State prosecutors in Mexico have laid a homicide charge in the stabbing death of Canadian Bruce Allen.
A press release from Yucatan state prosecutors said the suspect allegedly attacked a Canadian citizen with a knife inside an apartment in the small beach city of Progreso.
Judicial authorities decided to hold the unnamed suspect in prison while the investigation continues, the state prosecutor's office said.
Allen, 70, of Dartmouth, N.S., was found by his partner in their vacation apartment in Progreso on Friday morning with multiple stab wounds to his neck and chest, a family member said.
The suspect is a Mexican citizen, the release said.
Allen and his partner had been vacationing in the city, which is near Merida in the Yucatan Peninsula, since November.
Federal police in Mexico are conducting the investigation.


The car has undergone a number of improvements from the one that was victorious in the 2016 Dakar race with all four Team Peugeot Total drivers key to the development.
Sainz, Cyril Despres, Stéphane Peterhansel and Sébastien Loeb, who have 18 Dakar wins between them, have covered around 5,000km during the two testing sessions to date however the challenging Morocco race conditions will be the most rigorous faced thus far.
Aerodynamics, air conditioning, engine torque and suspension have been the key areas that the engineers have worked on before the drivers got hold of the car.
The car has a cutting edge different shape to raise its aerodynamic capability, while the improved suspension ensures it can tackle any tough terrain asked of it.
Not only that, the car should be able to take on difficult sand dunes with enhanced engine torque, leaving the drivers free to focus more on better times in cooler conditions thanks to refined air conditioning.
Sainz explained, "We've been improving a number of details such as suspension and engine driveability: all these things add up to make a difference.
Despres, who drives the Peugeot 2008 DKR in Morocco, knows how tough rallies can be after coming through a gruelling Silk Way Rally this summer to win – an event that clocks in even longer than the Dakar.
Loeb won more 2016 Dakar stages than anyone else – a fast learner after his transition from WRC.
He revealed, "I obviously still have a lot to learn about Cross Country and the Dakar, as this year was only my first attempt at it.


Custom built Colonial with elegant stone front elevation located between villages of Marshall & The Plains. Designed with an open floor plan that is flooded with light by an incredible number of windows and skylights. Two-story foyer has a hardwood staircase with iron balusters that form a unique rounded wall. Wonderful family home has 4 bedrooms, 3.5 baths on two finished levels. Gleaming hardwood floors on the main level with new carpeting upstairs. Formal Living Room, Dining Room and an Office/Den with lovely details such as crown moldings, chair rails and wall frame moldings. Gourmet Kitchen features an island, stainless steel appliances and a separate Breakfast Room. Kitchen opens to a spacious Family Room with floor-to-ceiling stone fireplace (gas), built-ins and a cathedral ceiling. Off another side of the kitchen is the vast Solarium or Game Room that opens to a deck that wraps around the side of the house. The second level features a Master Bedroom Suite with sitting area, walk-in closet and luxury master bath with dual vanity, soaking tub and separate 2-person shower. One guest bedroom has an en-suite bath and two other bedrooms share a Jack & Jill bath. This house is ideal for entertaining with so many spaces to gather friends and family. The unfinished basement is ready for expansion with bathroom plumbing in place and plenty of space for both storage and more rooms. Completing the property is an attached oversized 3-car garage with space for a workshop. Move in ready! Priced below assessed value.


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Photo: Michael Murtaugh
The Best Thunderbolt 3 Docks
CalDigit's USB-C Pro Dock is a budget pick that works with both Thunderbolt 3 and USB-C ports. We've moved the Cable Matters and Promise docks that used to be our runners-up to the Competition section.
We've added Plugable's TBT3-UDZ Thunderbolt 3 and USB-C Dual Display Dock to the What to look forward to section. Coming in spring 2020, it offers dual-display connectivity through pairs of DisplayPort and HDMI ports, plus seven USB-A ports and 100-watt laptop charging.
Nick Guy
After putting in more than 25 hours of research and hands-on testing 13 Thunderbolt 3 docks with more than $7,000 worth of high-end gear, we think CalDigit's TS3 Plus remains the best choice for Mac or PC owners who need to connect multiple displays, USB-A input devices, and high-speed storage. It has more useful ports than most docks, it can charge most laptops at full speed, and it takes up little room on a desk.
CalDigit TS3 Plus
The best Thunderbolt 3 dock
This dock has the most USB-A ports, plus USB-C ports and an SD card slot, and it can charge a 15-inch MacBook Pro at full speed or a 16-inch model at close to that.
$250 from Apple
The CalDigit TS3 Plus has the most useful array of connections we found, starting with two Thunderbolt 3 ports, five USB-A ports, and two USB-C ports (one USB 3.2 Gen 1, one USB 3.2 Gen 2).1 It also has an SD card slot, a DisplayPort connector (which works with HDMI via an inexpensive adapter), Gigabit Ethernet, audio-in and -out jacks, and an S/PDIF jack for digital optical audio—the last one a rarity in these devices. And while most docks have a horizontal orientation, you can also position the TS3 Plus vertically to minimize its footprint. All current Apple laptops and desktops have Thunderbolt 3 ports, as do a lot of newer PCs, such as our top ultrabook picks; check your computer's manual. If a cheaper USB-C hub or dock can't meet your needs and you need the extra bandwidth of Thunderbolt 3, this CalDigit model has the best combination of ports, size, and shape we've yet found.
CalDigit USB-C Pro Dock
Compatible with more computers
The USB-C Pro Dock doesn't have a second Thunderbolt port like the TS3 Plus, and it includes fewer USB ports, but it works with both Thunderbolt 3– and USB-C–equipped computers.
CalDigit's USB-C Pro Dock is less expensive than the TS3 Plus but has most of the same features. It's also designed to be compatible with computers that have USB-C but not Thunderbolt 3, making it a good fit if you need a dock that can work with lots of different kinds of computers. This dock has three fewer USB ports (three are USB-A, and one is USB-C), an SD card slot, two DisplayPort outputs, Ethernet, and audio, and it supports the same 85-watt power output. But it doesn't have a spare Thunderbolt 3 port, so you can't daisy-chain Thunderbolt devices. The USB-C Pro Dock is also larger than the TS3 Plus, but for the price, we think this model's sacrifices are forgivable.
Also great
HP Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2
More modern ports, diminutive size
Two USB-C ports and a second DisplayPort output make this less expensive model worth considering if you don't need a card reader or as many USB-A ports.
$250 from HP
In addition to a middle-of-the-road three USB-A ports, the HP Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2 offers a second USB-C port, making this dock more useful if you have more modern accessories and don't need access to as many older devices at once. It also includes two DisplayPort connectors, so you can attach two displays at the same time without taking up your Thunderbolt 3 port. We like its small cube shape and its low price.
Who needs this
USB-C vs. Thunderbolt 3
How we picked and tested
The best Thunderbolt 3 dock: CalDigit TS3 Plus
Budget pick: CalDigit USB-C Pro Dock
Cheaper, with fewer USB-A ports: HP Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2
What to look forward to
I was the accessories editor at iLounge for a little more than three years and have been covering accessories at Wirecutter for a little longer than that. During my tenure, I've reviewed more than 1,000 iOS and Mac products, including numerous docking stations over several iterations of this guide.
If you have a computer with a Thunderbolt 3 port and want to connect several peripherals—displays, drives, printers, and such—a Thunderbolt dock lets you attach them all with a single cable. If you use a laptop as your main computer and regularly move that laptop to and from a desk with multiple peripherals, you can leave all of those accessories plugged into the dock so that when you sit down at your desk, you can simply plug your Thunderbolt cable into the laptop to connect everything instantly.
A Thunderbolt dock is also useful if your Thunderbolt-equipped computer doesn't have enough ports and connections, or if those connections are inconveniently located. You can run a single Thunderbolt cable from the computer to the dock and put the dock somewhere more accessible.
Thunderbolt docks are ideal for creative professionals and other people who demand a lot from their computers, including the fastest possible transfer speeds and the widest port selection. Most people, however, are just as well served by a much less expensive USB-C dock. These docks use the same connector and can do almost all the same things, but they don't support Thunderbolt 3 transfer speeds and don't usually include the same quantity or variety of ports.
The Best USB-C Hubs and Docks
The Vava VA-UC006 USB-C Hub is the best way to connect a bunch of things, including your charger, to your USB-C computer at once.
If you have an older computer with Thunderbolt or Thunderbolt 2 (which each use a Mini DisplayPort connector instead of USB-C) and plan to eventually upgrade your computer, you could buy a dedicated Thunderbolt 2 dock. Instead, however, you should be able to use any Thunderbolt 3 dock with Apple's Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) to Thunderbolt 2 Adapter. The performance will be limited to Thunderbolt 2 speeds (and you won't be able to charge a laptop or use DisplayPort displays through the adapter), but you won't have to upgrade your dock when you upgrade the computer.
Although USB-C and Thunderbolt 3 use the same USB-C connector, they aren't the same thing. As this Intel blog post explains, Thunderbolt 3 does everything that USB-C can do plus a few extra Thunderbolt-only features. Specifically, Thunderbolt 3 supports faster data-transfer rates (up to 40 Gbps, versus a maximum of 5 or 10 Gbps for USB-C depending on the device), allows data to transfer in both directions at the same time (useful when you're connecting a slew of devices through one cable), and can simultaneously transfer data, output video, charge your computer, and daisy-chain other Thunderbolt devices over a single cable.
Although having fewer different types of connectors is generally good, it can get confusing when the same connector does different things depending on the computer. You won't hurt anything by plugging a Thunderbolt 3 device into a USB-C port, but if you do that, the device won't work like it's supposed to, so check your manual and confirm which connectors your computer has. Thunderbolt is more expensive for computer vendors to include, so you'll find it mainly on recent Macs (except for the 12-inch MacBook) and higher-end Windows PCs such as our top ultrabook picks. If your computer has USB-C but not Thunderbolt 3, the docks in this guide aren't for you—check out our guide to USB-C accessories.
Some of the Thunderbolt docks we tested, sitting below their power adapters. Photo: Michael Hession
A great Thunderbolt dock extends the functionality of the computer that it's connected to by offering additional connections, each at the fastest speeds. These docks are particularly useful for computers that have a limited number and variety of ports, such as the current 13-inch MacBook Pro with two Thunderbolt ports, but they're also useful for more conveniently connecting peripherals to a desktop or laptop computer. We looked for the following features in evaluating our picks:
Port selection: In general, more ports are better, but we especially prefer practical ports such as USB-A and video output. Less-common ports, including FireWire and eSATA, are appreciated but not necessary.
Port performance: Devices connected via the Thunderbolt 3 dock should perform almost as well as devices connected directly to the computer. (We discuss, below, our test procedure for each type of port.)
Design and size: Everything else being equal, a smaller dock is better for your desk than a larger one. We also prefer docks that you can stand on end to take up even less space.
Most Thunderbolt docks are designed to lie horizontally, with a majority of their ports on the back, though some models (including our top pick from CalDigit, top) can stand on end to save desk space. Photo: Michael Murtaugh
Thunderbolt docks have always been somewhat niche, so you won't find many. We've tested almost every dock that has been released since June 2017. For all models, we've used a 2017 Touch Bar–equipped 13-inch MacBook Pro to test speeds, and for the models we tested in 2018 we also confirmed compatibility with a Dell XPS 13 laptop. Specifically, we've run the following tests:
USB-A: We ran AJA System Test speed tests using Samsung's Portable SSD T3. To measure how fast each dock could charge other devices, we connected a 10.5-inch iPad Pro and read the power draw with PortaPow's USB Power Monitor.
Thunderbolt 3: We ran AJA System Test speed tests using LaCie's Bolt 3. To measure charge speed, we read the results in the 13-inch MacBook Pro's system report and verified them against the readings on a Satechi USB-C Power Meter.
USB-C: We ran AJA System Test using Samsung's Portable SSD T3. To measure charge speed, we connected a Drok USB Load Tester and then turned up the amperage of the load tester as far as it could go without overloading the dock, recording the volts and amps to calculate the maximum output (watts).
HDMI: We connected each of the docks via HDMI to a BenQ BL2711U 27-Inch 4K Monitor with the resolution set to 4K; we repeated this test using a Mini DisplayPort–to–DisplayPort cable running from each dock's Thunderbolt port to the display.
DisplayPort/Mini DisplayPort: We connected each of the docks via DisplayPort to a Dell 4K monitor or an LG 27MU88-W monitor with the resolution set to 4K, and we used Blur Busters Motion Tests to verify the refresh rate.
Audio: We tested each dock's audio inputs and outputs by plugging microphone-equipped headphones into each of the dock's audio jacks, making sure the input or output source was properly set in macOS and monitoring the resulting audio levels.
FireWire: We connected an SSD-equipped version of OWC's Mercury Elite Pro Mini and measured the transfer speed using AJA System Test.
Ethernet: We verified the connection speed in Network Utility on a Mac, which displays the link speed.
SD card: We ran AJA System Test on a 64 GB SanDisk Extreme Pro.
CalDigit's TS3 Plus is the best Thunderbolt 3 dock for most people because it offers more USB-A ports than almost all of the competition and provides USB-C ports and an SD card slot without sacrificing other important inputs. It's also one of the most compact models available, so it takes up less room on your desk—especially if you stand it on its end, an option you don't get with most docks. And the 85 watts of power it can send to a connected laptop means it's capable of charging even a 15-inch MacBook Pro at full speed, or a 16-inch MacBook Pro at close to that. The TS3 Plus is more expensive than some other docks we tested, but if you truly need a Thunderbolt 3 dock rather than a USB-C one, this model makes the fewest compromises.
The back of the CalDigit dock has two Thunderbolt 3 ports, as well as four USB-A 3.2 Gen 1 ports, one USB-C 3.2 Gen 2 port, Gigabit Ethernet, S/PDIF audio out, and a DisplayPort connector.
The front of the CalDigit dock has (from right) one USB-A 3.2 Gen 1 port, one USB-C 3.2 Gen 1 port, audio-in, audio-out, and an SD card slot. Photo: Michael Murtaugh
The TS3 Plus provides two Thunderbolt 3 ports, five traditional USB (USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A) ports, an SD card slot, DisplayPort, Gigabit Ethernet, separate audio-in and -out jacks, S/PDIF digital audio, and two USB-C ports, one of which (the one on the back) supports the faster USB 3.2 Gen 2 transfer speeds.
In our USB-A testing with Samsung's Portable SSD T3, we measured average read speeds of 340 MB/s and write speeds of 264 MB/s on four of the five ports. Those speeds are about 20 to 30 percent slower than the results we got when we plugged the drive into the Mac directly. However, the other docks we tested provided similar results—our test drive exhibited similarly slower speeds with every dock. The fifth port (the lowest one on the back of the CalDigit dock) produced faster speeds of 422.7 MB/s read and 383 MB/s write. The USB-C 3.2 Gen 1 read and write speeds were almost identical to those of the slower four USB-A ports, while the Gen 2 port was in line with the faster USB-A port.
We also measured transfer speed with SanDisk's Extreme 900 Portable SSD, which CalDigit provided and which we returned after testing. SanDisk advertises this drive as supporting read and write speeds up to 850 MB/s (compared with a max of 450 MB/s for the Samsung T3 drive). USB 3.2 Gen 1 ports can't take advantage of this additional speed because they max out at 5 gigabits (or 625 megabytes) per second, but 10-gigabit USB 3.2 Gen 2 ports can. We found that USB-A speeds were slightly faster with the SanDisk drive, hitting an average read speed of 347 MB/s and a write speed of 309.7 MB/s, though that bottom USB-A port was once again noticeably faster, measuring 419.3 MB/s and 373.7 MB/s read and write, respectively. The more striking difference was between the two USB-C ports: The slower port, on the front of the dock, averaged 351 MB/s read and 313.3 MB/s write, whereas the rear (Gen 2) port was about twice as fast, with read speeds of 736.3 MB/s and write speeds of 605.7 MB/s. We saw even faster speeds when we plugged the SanDisk drive into the dock's open Thunderbolt 3 port using the drive's included USB-C cable: 829.7 MB/s read and 734.3 MB/s write. All this is to say that the TS3 Plus supports fast transfer speeds when paired with the right hardware.
The TS3 Plus is one of the most compact docks available, so it takes up less room on your desk—especially if you stand it on its end.
In our tests using LaCie's Bolt 3, a Thunderbolt 3 drive, the TS3 Plus's Thunderbolt 3 read and write speeds were many times faster than its USB results, but—as with all the docks—still a bit slower than when the test drive was connected directly to the computer via Thunderbolt, and slower than the maximum speed LaCie advertises. With the drive hooked up directly to our Mac's Thunderbolt 3 port, read speeds averaged 2,229 MB/s (17.83 Gbps); with the drive connected through the TS3 Plus, they were close, at 2,173 MB/s (17.39 Gbps). Write speeds saw a much bigger drop-off, going from 953.3 MB/s (7.63 Gbps) via direct connection down to 704.7 MB/s (5.64 Gbps) through the dock. Again, these numbers are comparable with our test results across the rest of the docks, and these figures still indicate blazing-fast speeds next to those of most connection types. However, you shouldn't buy this dock (or any dock, for that matter) expecting to see the same performance as you'd get with a direct connection between your computer and the fastest Thunderbolt 3 drives.
The TS3 Plus's SD-card transfer speeds were on a par with those of every other SD-equipped dock we've tested: Read speeds averaged 88.7 MB/s, and write speeds averaged 77 MB/s. That's slower than what we measured with a standalone card reader for our guide to the best SD cards, but it's still respectable.
Four of the CalDigit dock's USB-A ports provide 7.5-watt charging each (1.5 amps at 5 volts), which is slower than what you can get from a good standalone USB charger but comparable to the results from other Thunderbolt docks. The fifth port—the one closest to the end of the dock—provides slower, 2.5-watt charging (0.5 amp at 5 volts), making it better suited for transferring data than for charging phones or tablets. (Unfortunately, the dock has no label to tell you that port provides less power than the others.) Both USB-C ports also support only 2.5-watt charging.
Most Thunderbolt 3 docks, including this one, use DisplayPort for video output. We measured a proper 60-hertz refresh rate when the dock was connected to a 4K DisplayPort monitor.
Almost every other Thunderbolt dock we tested is long and flat, designed to lie horizontally on your desk. The TS3 Plus, on the other hand, can stand vertically or sit horizontally. It measures 5.2 by 3.9 by 1.6 inches, so when it's standing on its shortest edge, it takes up only about 6.25 square inches of desk space, compared with the 26.6 square inches required for the 8.43-by-3.15-inch CalDigit USB-C Pro Dock, our budget pick.
Reviews of the TS3 Plus have been very positive, matching our findings. "Of all the Thunderbolt 3 docks I've tested so far, CalDigit's TS3 Plus is my new favorite," writes Eric Slivka of MacRumors. In another review, 9to5Mac's Jeff Benjamin writes, "[T]he TS3 Plus' diminutive design, and 15-ports in total, make CalDigit's latest dock a very compelling option for Mac users." And Mike Wuerthele of AppleInsider calls it "a superb choice."
Cale Hunt, who tested the TS3 Plus with a PC for Windows Central, also praises its performance and versatility: "With 15 ports, great performance, and a small footprint, the TS3 Plus is about the best Thunderbolt 3 dock you can buy today."
A Wirecutter editor who uses the TS3 Plus with two LG 27UK850-W monitors and a 2017 MacBook Pro reported issues where one or both displays won't wake up when the computer wakes from sleep mode: "The solution is usually to unplug one or both of the displays and replug. Occasionally it requires a restart." He noted similar quirks with the headphone port. We didn't experience these problems in our testing, but we have seen issues with several Thunderbolt docks when connecting two displays directly to the dock.
If you want most of the power of the CalDigit TS3 Plus but aren't willing to pay for it, consider the more affordable CalDigit USB-C Pro Dock. It has a more limited yet still useful port selection, and it provides enough passthrough power for all 13-inch laptops and many larger ones too. Unlike most Thunderbolt docks, this model also connects to computers that have only USB-C ports and offers almost identical performance. This flexibility makes the USB-C Pro Dock a good choice if you regularly switch between multiple computers, but if you have only a USB-C computer, you'd be better off with a less expensive USB-C dock. Regardless of the computer you're using, however, you can't hook additional Thunderbolt 3 devices to the dock, as it has only a single port, which you use to connect it to your computer. This model also takes up a little more space on a desk than our top pick.
The back of the CalDigit dock offers Gigabit Ethernet, two USB-A 3.2 Gen 1 ports, one Thunderbolt 3/USB-C port, and two DisplayPort connectors. Photo: Michael Murtaugh
The front of this CalDigit dock has one USB-A 3.2 Gen 1 port, one USB-C 3.2 Gen 1 port, an SD card slot, and combined audio-in and audio-out. Photo: Michael Murtaugh
The USB-C Pro Dock's port array is smaller than that of the TS3 Plus but still pretty good. It has one USB 3.1 Gen 2 Type-C port (supporting speeds up to 10 Gbps) on the front, plus three 5 Gbps USB-A ports. You'll also find an SD card slot, two DisplayPort outputs, Ethernet, and audio, and this dock supports the same 85-watt power output as the more expensive CalDigit model.
In our tests, the USB-A and USB-C ports on the USB-C Pro Dock were faster than the respective ports on the TS3 Plus, with speeds of about 330 MB/s write and 405 MB/s read (we tested this model only with the Samsung drive, not with the faster SanDisk). In all of our other tests, the two units produced comparable results. Notably, the USB-C Pro Dock has two DisplayPort 1.2 connectors, and we were able to properly drive two 4K displays at full resolution with a 60 Hz refresh rate from a 13-inch MacBook Pro. In contrast, USB-C–based computers are restricted to either a single 4K display at 30 Hz or two 1080p displays at 60 Hz, the only limitation compared with Thunderbolt 3 machines.
The USB-C Pro Dock is larger than the TS3 Plus by about 3 inches in width and ¾ inch in depth, and you can't stand it on one end as you can the more expensive model. Like its CalDigit sibling, however, the USB-C Pro Dock comes with a Thunderbolt 3 cable, so you don't have to buy one separately.
CalDigit's TS3 Plus is the best option for people who need as many USB-A ports as they can possibly get, but the HP Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2 is a great alternative if you're okay with fewer legacy ports and want to spend less on a dock. Two USB-C ports and two Mini DisplayPort outputs instead of one help make up for fewer USB-A ports and the lack of an SD card slot. And with 100-watt charging, this dock can power any USB-C laptop at full speed.
The back of the HP dock has two USB-A ports, Gigabit Ethernet, VGA, a USB-C port, two DisplayPort connectors, and a Thunderbolt 3 port. Photo: Sarah Kobos
The front of the HP dock has one USB-C port and one difficult-to-replace Thunderbolt 3 cable. On the side, you'll find a combined audio-in and -out port, one USB-A port, and a Kensington lock slot. Photo: Sarah Kobos
The Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2 has three USB-A ports, two USB-C ports, VGA, Ethernet, Thunderbolt 3, two DisplayPorts, combined audio, 100 W charging, and a Kensington lock slot. It's the second USB-C port that sets this dock apart from the rest, as this is the only model we've seen to include a second such port while remaining at a reasonable price. In our tests, the HP's ports were actually a bit faster than those of the CalDigit TS3 Plus, with the USB-A ports averaging 339.3 MB/s write and 419 MB/s read speeds and the USB-C ports' speeds right in line with those results. The second DisplayPort connector is noteworthy as well because it's pretty rare and allows you to attach up to two displays at the same time without a USB-C–to–DisplayPort cable or adapter.
The Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2 (left) and the Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2 with Audio. The two versions are identical except for the speaker module, which you can also buy separately. Photo: Sarah Kobos
Much like the CalDigit TS3 Plus, this HP dock takes up relatively little desk space. The 3.9-by-3.9-inch square with rounded corners will fit pretty much anywhere. The only considerable downside is the Thunderbolt cable that leads to your computer, which is a hassle to replace: If something happens to the cable, you'll have to buy the replacement cable and kit from HP and take off the dock's bottom plate to access the port. But at about 2 feet, the cable should be long enough for most setups.
The Thunderbolt Dock 120W G2 is also available in a version with a speaker built in. We found that it gets louder than a MacBook Pro's speaker, but the audio quality is a bit muddier. It's better suited for conference calls—the manual references Skype for Business and Lync 2013, for example. You can also purchase that audio module separately and install it on the regular dock if you decide you want it later.
Plugable announced its TBT3-UDZ Thunderbolt 3 and USB-C Dual Display Dock at the CES 2020 trade show. Much like the CalDigit USB-C Pro Dock, it can connect to both Thunderbolt 3- and USB-C-equipped computers. The dock offers dual-display connectivity through either DisplayPort or HDMI—there are two of each connector on the back—as well as seven USB-A ports and 100-watt charging. It will be available in the spring.
Cable Matters's Thunderbolt 3 Docking Station with 60W Power Delivery and Promise Technology's Thunderbolt 3 Dock TD-300 were runner-up picks in a previous version of this guide and are identical to one another aside from their paint jobs. Each model costs less than our top pick from CalDigit but offers the same number of USB-A ports (five) and an SD card slot. However, unlike our top pick, these docks lack USB-C ports and an S/PDIF output, won't charge larger laptops such as the 15- or 16-inch MacBook Pro as quickly, and use combined audio-in and -out jacks instead of separate jacks. They also have HDMI 2.0 video output instead of DisplayPort; it's difficult, but not impossible, to get a Mac to output 4K resolution at 60 Hz over HDMI.
Like CalDigit's USB-C Pro Dock, the Kensington SD5550T Thunderbolt 3 and USB-C Dual 4K Hybrid Docking Station works with both Thunderbolt 3 and USB-C computers. Kensington's dock is more expensive, and although it has one more USB-C port, it lacks an SD card slot and charges at only 60 watts, which may be too slow for heavy-duty use with a 15- or 16-inch computer.
Like our pick from HP, the Elgato Thunderbolt 3 Pro Dock has two USB-C ports; it adds SD and microSD card slots. But it offers only two USB-A ports and one DisplayPort connection, in a wider design, and carries a much higher price tag.
The OWC 14-Port Thunderbolt 3 Dock has the same ports as our top pick from CalDigit, plus a microSD card slot. OWC's model performed just as well as our pick across our tests but takes up much more desk space. The two docks cost about the same, so you should stick with the more compact CalDigit model unless you value a card reader above desk space.
Plugable's Thunderbolt 3 Docking Station was a previous top pick, but it costs around the same price as our current runner-up and doesn't have an SD card slot or USB-C ports. The only extra feature you get for your money is a DisplayPort-to-HDMI adapter, but that typically costs less than $10 if you were to buy it separately; we think most people will find the extra ports and card reader in our picks to be more important.
Elgato's Thunderbolt 3 Dock provides 85 W charging but has only three USB-A ports and no SD card slot. It's also more expensive than our runners-up, and you can't position it vertically, so it takes up more desk space.
The Belkin Thunderbolt 3 Express Dock has only three USB-A ports and is pricier than more full-featured docks.
StarTech's Thunderbolt 3 Docking Station and Iogear's Thunderbolt 3 Quantum Docking Station offer identical ports—USB-C, DisplayPort, Ethernet, and audio, but only two USB-A—in the same layout but have no high-speed laptop charging. They're not worth the cost considering that more full-featured docks are available in the same price range.
We didn't test StarTech's Dual 4K Monitor Thunderbolt 3 Dock with 3x USB 3.0 Ports since it is larger than our top pick, costs more, and doesn't include an SD card slot. This dock has the same design and ports as StarTech's less-expensive version, but it supports 85-watt charging and it comes with a USB-C–to–DisplayPort cable in addition to its Thunderbolt 3 cable. We don't think the included cable makes this model worth buying.
We also decided not to test the Akitio Thunder3 Dock Pro, because judging by its niche specs and high price, we don't think it's the right choice for most people. It's the only dock we've seen that has a CFast card slot, which some video professionals may appreciate. Similarly, it's the only model we know of with a 10 Gbps Ethernet connection, but most people's networks aren't fast enough to use that speed; it's better suited for pro video peripherals. Neither of those features is bad to have, but they come at the expense of lower power output (60 W) and fewer USB 3.2 Gen 1 ports (three), all for a higher price than you'd pay for most competing docks.
Manufacturers advertise some of these docks as using USB 3.1 and promote some as using USB 3.2—but these numbers are actually interchangeable because of confusing naming standards created by the group that manages the USB specification. "Gen 1" always means speeds of up to 5 Gbps, and "Gen 2" always means speeds of up to 10 Gbps, regardless of whether the port is called a USB 3.1 or USB 3.2 port.
Jump back.
Jason Ziller, Thunderbolt™ 3 – The USB-C That Does It All, Intel, June 1, 2015
Eric Slivka, Review: CalDigit's 'TS3 Plus' Dock Gives You 15 Ports, 85W Charging, and an SD Card Reader for $250, MacRumors, January 30, 2018
Jeff Benjamin, Hands-on: CalDigit TS3 Plus – the best Thunderbolt 3 dock for Mac?, 9to5Mac, February 8, 2018
Mike Wuerthele, Hands on: $249 CalDigit Thunderbolt Station 3 Plus is a great port expander for new MacBook Pro owners, AppleInsider, January 30, 2018
Cale Hunt, CalDigit TS3 Plus Thunderbolt 3 dock is about as good as it gets, Windows Central, April 16, 2018
by Nick Guy
If you have an older computer with Thunderbolt 2 or 1 ports, OWC's Thunderbolt 2 Dock is the best option for gaining ports.
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by Nathan Edwards
We've tested the best cables, hubs, and dongles to help you connect your all your peripherals to your new laptop, even if it has only USB-C ports.
The Best Gear for Organizing Your Desk
by Mark Smirniotis
We've spent hundreds of hours researching and testing office-organizing gear to help keep your workspace clutter-free.


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Business|Lawmakers Push for Big Subsidies for Coal Process
Lawmakers Push for Big Subsidies for Coal Process
By Edmund L. Andrews
WASHINGTON, May 28 — Even as Congressional leaders draft legislation to reduce greenhouse gases linked to global warming, a powerful roster of Democrats and Republicans is pushing to subsidize coal as the king of alternative fuels.
Prodded by intense lobbying from the coal industry, lawmakers from coal states are proposing that taxpayers guarantee billions of dollars in construction loans for coal-to-liquid production plants, guarantee minimum prices for the new fuel, and guarantee big government purchases for the next 25 years.
With both House and Senate Democrats hoping to pass "energy independence" bills by mid-July, coal supporters argue that coal-based fuels are more American than gasoline and potentially greener than ethanol.
"For so many, filthy coal is a dirty four-letter word," said Representative Nick V. Rahall, Democrat of West Virginia and chairman of the House Natural Resources Committee. "These individuals, I tell you, have their heads buried in the sand."
Environmental groups are adamantly opposed, warning that coal-based diesel fuels would at best do little to slow global warming and at worst would produce almost twice as much of the greenhouse gases tied to global warming as petroleum.
Coal companies are hardly alone in asking taxpayers to underwrite alternative fuels in the name of energy independence and reduced global warming. But the scale of proposed subsidies for coal could exceed those for any alternative fuel, including corn-based ethanol.
Among the proposed inducements winding through House and Senate committees: loan guarantees for six to 10 major coal-to-liquid plants, each likely to cost at least $3 billion; a tax credit of 51 cents for every gallon of coal-based fuel sold through 2020; automatic subsidies if oil prices drop below $40 a barrel; and permission for the Air Force to sign 25-year contracts for almost a billion gallons a year of coal-based jet fuel.
Coal companies have spent millions of dollars lobbying on the issue, and have marshaled allies in organized labor, the Air Force and fuel-burning industries like the airlines. Peabody Energy, the world's biggest coal company, urged in a recent advertising campaign that people "imagine a world where our country runs on energy from Middle America instead of the Middle East."
Representative Rick Boucher, a Virginia Democrat whose district is dominated by coal mining, is writing key sections of the House energy bill. In the Senate, champions of coal-to-liquid fuels include Barack Obama, the Illinois Democrat, and Jim Bunning of Kentucky and Larry Craig of Idaho, both Republicans.
President Bush has not weighed in on specific incentives, but he has often stressed the importance of coal as an alternative to foreign oil. In calling for a 20 percent cut in projected gasoline consumption by 2017, he has carefully referred to the need for "alternative" fuels rather than "renewable" fuels. Administration officials say that was specifically to make room for coal.
The political momentum to subsidize coal fuels is in odd juxtaposition to simultaneous efforts by Democrats to draft global-warming bills that would place new restrictions on coal-fired electric power plants.
The move reflects a tension, which many lawmakers gloss over, between slowing global warming and reducing dependence on foreign oil.
Many analysts say the huge coal reserves of the United States could indeed provide a substitute for foreign oil.
The technology to convert coal into liquid fuel is well-established, and the fuel can be used in conventional diesel cars and trucks, as well as jet engines, boats and ships. Industry executives contend that the fuels can compete against gasoline if oil prices are about $50 a barrel or higher.
Richard A. Gephardt, a former Democratic House majority leader, has been hired by Peabody Energy to help make the case for liquefied coal.Credit...Mike Mergen/Bloomberg News
But coal-to-liquid fuels produce almost twice the volume of greenhouse gases as ordinary diesel. In addition to the carbon dioxide emitted while using the fuel, the production process creates almost a ton of carbon dioxide for every barrel of liquid fuel.
Coal industry executives insist their fuel can actually be cleaner than oil, because they would capture the gas produced as the liquid fuel is being made and store it underground. Some could be injected into oil fields to push oil to the surface.
Several aspiring coal-to-liquid companies say that they would reduce greenhouse emissions even further by using renewable fuels for part of the process. But none of that has been done at commercial volumes, and many analysts say the economic issues are far from settled.
"There are many uncertainties," said James T. Bartis, a senior policy researcher at the RAND Corporation, who testified last week before the Senate Energy Committee. "We don't even know what the costs are yet."
The clash between "energy independence" and global warming will break into the open next month. The Senate energy bill, being drafted by Senator Jeff Bingaman, Democrat of New Mexico, would promote renewable fuels — but not coal-to-liquid fuels — and would require electric utilities to produce 15 percent of their power with renewable fuels by 2020.
But coal-state Republicans have vowed to resume their push for coal incentives when the bill reaches the Senate floor, and many Democrats are likely to support them. In the House, Democrats like Mr. Boucher and Mr. Rahall will be pushing in the same direction.
But some energy experts, as well as some lawmakers, worry that the scale of the coal-to-liquid incentives could lead to a repeat of a disastrous effort 30 years ago to underwrite a synthetic fuels industry from scratch.
When oil prices plunged in the 1980s, the government-owned Synthetic Fuels Corporation became a giant government albatross that lost billions and remains a symbol of misguided industrial policy more than 25 years later.
"This is the snake oil of energy alternatives," said Peter Altman, a policy analyst at the National Environmental Trust, an environmental advocacy group. "The promises are just as lofty and the substance is just as absent as the first snake oil salesmen who plied their trade in the 1800s."
Coal executives contend that the technology for converting coal to "ultraclean" diesel fuel for use in cars and trucks has been around for decades. Known as the Fischer-Tropsch process, the technology dates to the 1920s. It was used by Germany during World War II and by South Africa during the apartheid era, in both cases because the countries were blocked by international embargoes from buying oil.
SASOL, a South African chemical conglomerate, is the world's largest producer of coal-based liquids and operates a plant that produces 150,000 barrels a day.
"Greener and cleaner — we can do it, and we will do it," said John Baardson, president of Baard Energy, a firm in Vancouver, Wash., that is trying to build a $4 billion coal-to-liquid plant in Ohio.
But no company has built a commercial-scale plant that also captures carbon, and experts caution that many obstacles lie ahead.
"At best, you're going to tread water on the carbon issue, and you're probably going to do worse," said Howard Herzog, a principal research engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a co-author of "The Future of Coal," a voluminous study published in March by M.I.T. "It goes against the whole grain of reducing carbon."
The M.I.T. team expressed even more skepticism about the economic risks. It estimated that it would cost $70 billion to build enough plants to replace 10 percent of American gasoline consumption.
Senator Jeff Bingaman, Democrat of New Mexico, is drafting a bill to promote renewable fuels, but not liquefied coal, for electricity.Credit...Doug Mills/The New York Times
The study estimates that the construction costs for coal-to-liquid plants are almost four times higher than the costs for comparable petroleum refineries, and it argues that cost estimates for synthetic fuel plants in the past turned out to be "wildly optimistic."
In a new report last week, the Energy Department estimated that a plant capable of making 50,000 barrels of liquefied coal a day — a tiny fraction of the nearly 9 million barrels in gasoline burned daily in the United States — would cost $4.5 billion.
But the Energy Department also estimated that such a plant could produce a 20 percent annual return if oil prices remain about $60 a barrel.
Coal executives say that they need government help primarily because oil prices are so volatile and the upfront construction costs are so high. "We're not asking for everything. All we're asking for is something," said Hunt Ramsbottom, chief executive of Rentech Inc., which is trying to build two plants at mines owned by Peabody Energy.
But coal executives anticipate potentially huge profits. Gregory H. Boyce, chief executive of Peabody Energy, based in St. Louis, which has $5.3 billion in sales, told an industry conference nearly two years ago that the value of Peabody's coal reserves would skyrocket almost tenfold, to $3.6 trillion, if it sold all its coal in the form of liquid fuels.
Coal industry lobbying has reached a fever pitch. The industry spent $6 million on federal lobbying in 2005 and 2006, three times what it spent each year from 2000 through 2004, according to calculations by Politicalmoneyline.com.
Peabody, which has quadrupled its annual lobbying budget to about $2 million since 2004, recently hired Richard A. Gephardt, the Missouri Democrat who was House majority leader from 1989 to 1995 and a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988 and 2004, to help make its case in Congress.
One of the most vociferous champions of coal-to-liquid fuels is the Southern States Energy Board, a group organized by governors from 16 states. Last year, the group published a study, which cost $500,000, that concluded that coal-to-liquid fuel could and should replace almost one-third of imported oil by 2030.
As it happens, the coal industry supplied much of the financing for the study and subsequent marketing. Peabody Energy contributed about $150,000 and the National Mining Association added $50,000, officials at the Southern States Energy Board said.
The inducements under discussion would not only subsidize up to 10 coal-to-liquid plants, but also guarantee a minimum market through long-term contracts with the Air Force and minimum prices for at least some producers.
"There is financial uncertainty, which is inhibiting the flow of private capital into the construction of coal-to-liquid facilities," said Mr. Boucher, who supports most of the proposals and is drafting portions of the energy bill.
In addition to construction loan guarantees, Mr. Boucher would protect the first six liquid plants from drops in energy prices. If oil prices fell below about $40 a barrel, the government would automatically grant loans to the first six plants that make coal-based fuels. If oil prices climbed to $80 a barrel, companies would have to pay a surcharge to the government.
But the most important guarantee, many coal producers said, is the prospect of signing 25-year purchase contracts with the Air Force.
The Air Force consumes about 2.6 billion gallons a year of jet fuel, and Air Force officials would like to switch as much as 780 million gallons a year to coal-based fuels. Air Force officials strongly support the idea of extremely long contracts, but others at the Defense Department worry that the military could be left holding the bag for years if oil prices dropped significantly.
For Mr. Boyce, chief executive of Peabody Energy, there is no reason to be timid.
"If America has the will to be one of the great energy centers of the world," he told an industry conference last year, "we have the resources right under our feet."


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Home / Newsroom / Podcast / Episode 23: All things Roadmap
In this episode, host Dave Buchanan sits down with FirstNet Authority Executive Director of Enterprise Strategy Jeremy Zollo to discuss the newly released FirstNet Authority Roadmap and what it means for public safety.
Episode 23 | All Things Roadmap
Dave Buchanan, FirstNet Authority Executive Director of Public Safety Advocacy
Jeremy Zollo, FirstNet Authority Executive Director of Enterprise Strategy
And now your host, Dave Buchanan.
Dave Buchanan: Welcome to the Public Safety First podcast. Today we're going to be discussing the recently released FirstNet Authority Roadmap, and I'm delighted today to be joined by my friend and colleague, Jeremy Zollo, the Executive Director of the FirstNet Authority's Enterprise Strategy Division. Jeremy's going to be sharing with us his work on this recently released Roadmap and the ongoing investment process. Welcome to the podcast, Jeremy.
Jeremy Zollo: Thanks, Dave. Glad to be here.
Dave Buchanan: So you and I had an opportunity to work starting in 2014 on the state consultation process and the national consultation process where we engaged public safety at the federal, state, local, and tribal level to first develop our request for proposal that led to our network partner.
You and I worked together to lead the team that then consulted with those same organizations on our state plans that led to the network deployment in each of the 56 states and territories, and now you and I are working together on the engagement program on this Roadmap, which is really the guideline for our future investment with the network.
Let's talk a little bit more about what that Roadmap is. What is it, and why did we decide to create a Roadmap?
Jeremy Zollo: Well, as we went through the acquisition process and got the network in place, created that partnership with AT&T, the Strategy Division started to focus on what was next for FirstNet. After we went through opt-in, through consultation, and all 50 states and six territories had signed up for the FirstNet network, we needed to figure out what was life after that, and then how do we find a transparent way to talk to public safety about the network itself, and then on top of that, how are we going to invest in that network over the next 20 plus years?
So the Roadmap really became a foundational document and a way for us to define the network, define what are the things that we need to focus on with public safety, and then find a way to continue to engage public safety and find out what's important to them about the network – what areas, what needs do they have, what priorities do they see that we should take on as an organization to represent them as we make these investments along the way, hand-in-hand.
So we broke the Roadmap into six different domains. That way, we would have an ability to focus our conversations with public safety on what was important to them and for us to be transparent on how we define the network. So, we'll touch on this I think a little bit later, but we broke it into six domains: the FirstNet core, coverage and capacity, situational awareness, voice communications, secure information exchange, and user experience.
Dave Buchanan: So for me, one of the most exciting aspects of the Roadmap work we've done here in 2019 is seeing and watching and understanding first responders' engagement in this discussion.
For us at the First Responder Network Authority, the ability to really extract the most important elements from public safety on what they need in the network going forward in these particular areas has been really fruitful, and has really brought a lot of energy to the engagements we've had so far.
We were in Phoenix earlier this summer for our nationwide Roadmap Summit. You and I had a chance to participate in that. Share with us a little bit about what you saw there, and what we learned from public safety at that summit.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, so the most important thing that I took away from Phoenix was how the dialogue had changed. We were really good as an organization through consultation with understanding a state's needs, understanding the disciplines within those states, but, to me, Phoenix really represented a shift to a nationwide focus.
You had over 100 participants from all the disciplines represented – police, fire, EMS, the 9-1-1 community, emergency management – and they came to talk about a nationwide network, as users of the network, or future users of the network, and they all rallied around the common goal of how do we make this nationwide network better, and not necessarily how do you do it for each discipline, or how you do it for each individual agency. It was, "How do we make this network better from a nationwide perspective?" and it really changed the way we talked about it.
Dave Buchanan: Yeah, what I saw and heard was also our ability to attract subject matter experts from the public safety community to join us for this conversation was really impactful. We did a survey of our participants before they arrived, and 98 percent said they use wireless broadband every single day in their public safety operations. Eighty percent of them had already been to a FirstNet Roadmap meeting and were familiar with what we were trying to do. Seventy percent of them were currently FirstNet customers and using FirstNet on a daily basis in their jobs. So, you know, our effort to get to the people that have the best feedback, and the people that have had the most experience – we were really able to strike that chord in Phoenix.
I think the other thing that I want to be able to share with our audience today is our efforts did not begin or end with Phoenix. We've done hundreds of engagements, more than 700 through the first 6 months of this year, with public safety where we're able to bring the Roadmap content and discussion to those meetings. So I'm really looking forward as we continue to march into this next year being able to bring this Roadmap conversation to the various levels of government and the various levels of public safety across the country.
So Jeremy you mentioned the six domains. Let's take a minute to go through those really one by one and just give our listeners a chance to learn a little bit more about that, and let's start with the core. Talk a little bit about why charting a path for the future of the core network is important for public safety.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, so the core is the heart of the network. It's the first-ever nationwide LTE packet core infrastructure that's specifically built for public safety. So, the importance of this is that this is where all of the traffic routes. This is where priority and preemption happens. This is where you get that quality of service, and it will support all of our future mission critical services as we move on through the life of the network.
Having a separate core is important to public safety, but one of the challenges we had with that is that we have to keep that generationally current. We have to create a core that is commercially viable. We can't fall behind the services that other carriers are providing. Public safety deserves and needs the most advanced technologies that they can. So when we look at the core, that is something that we have to apply our investment dollars and then we need to understand what types of mission critical services that public safety needs to run over that core to keep it current, to keep it fresh, and to keep public safety moving.
Dave Buchanan: So coverage and capacity is one of our domain topics. It's the topic that comes up most often. We found 81 percent of our engagements since we announced the Roadmap domains, 81 percent of them, public safety wants to talk about coverage and capacity. Let's spend a little time on what the priorities are there and where we're focused with and what public safety wants us to be focused on with that topic.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, this was, as you said, the most important one to public safety because it represents access to the network. And what we wanted to accomplish there is to make sure that this network is available to public safety when and where they need it. If you couple that with the fact that we have Band 14 that is dedicated solely to public safety and a priority for public safety, it's 20 megahertz of spectrum that public safety gets to use. It's 20 megahertz of spectrum that we get to turn into a viable business solution that continues to pay for the life of the network, and allows us to invest in the network over the next 20 plus years.
Dave Buchanan: Situational awareness is the next domain. Talk a little bit about why public safety has prioritized that and what are the opportunities we see for Roadmapping situational awareness solutions.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah we really looked at this as real-time access, the collection, distribution of relevant information, in a way that works with how public safety operations works. What are their needs, how does public safety leverage the network to provide information to each other, whether that be cross discipline, or within an agency, or in a multiagency response. So that covered the full gamut of everything to include wearables, sensors, data analytics, artificial intelligence, location services, and mapping and GIS.
Dave Buchanan: Public safety identified voice communications as a top priority. We've made it one of the domains for consideration. Share with us what we're learning there and what's been prioritized as a priority for public safety.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, so we set a vision there for making sure we provided high-quality, reliable communications with the most advanced feature set – voice communications. It's up to public safety on how they implement voice communications over the network and how they choose to leverage these push-to-talk services, but we're already seeing trends in the network today where there are certain agencies that are offloading their push-to-talk services from their land mobile radio services on to this for certain needs, right, whether it be logistical needs, transportation needs, you name it. They're finding efficiencies and ways to complement land mobile radio.
So you know, we don't know what lies down the road with these networks. Communications are changing every day. There may be different types of voice communications services that can help public safety's needs that we're not thinking about today, so we don't want to take our foot off the pedal into looking into other areas where we can invest in voice communications services that help improve their operations.
Dave Buchanan: Secure information exchange is another domain, how agencies manage data, a key priority. Talk a little bit about what we can expect to see in the Roadmap in that domain.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, we believe that our vision here really is to enable that secure, reliable, easy to use and access the sharing of information across a variety of resources, right. As you said, management of data resides within the agency, you know. They are responsible for how their data is secured and moved. We're creating a pipe for them to move that information through various platforms and make sure that it is secured and enabled.
Dave Buchanan: User experience is the final domain. Share with us what we're learning there, Jeremy, from public safety about their expectations for their user experience on the network.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, this really focuses on establishing user experience that's driven by public safety operational needs.
Dave Buchanan: We've talked about the genesis of this Roadmap and why it was important to create it. We've talked about how we've engaged public safety and how we've captured their priorities to develop this Roadmap. So in future podcasts, we're going to be able to share with the public safety community how we're going to continue to engage them going forward, not only on the existing Roadmap domain areas and those priorities that we want to emphasize, but also additional topics as the network continues to evolve, and as users continue to use it in different ways, we want to be available to hear what those priorities are. I think one of the most promising things you mentioned is that we see this as a living and breathing document, something that we're going to continually update and use public safety's feedback to make sure that it's most up-to-date and best reflects their current trends and drivers inside the network. So I'm looking forward to keeping this conversation going with public safety, and I'm looking forward to continuing to drive their needs into this document, which, I think you said it best, is really an important element to helping us guide our investment decisions going forward.
Our promise to public safety is that as we look ahead to making investments, that their voice would be the most important voice that we would consider when looking at where we should invest those dollars. This Roadmap really becomes the vehicle to ensure that that happens, the place where we're going to capture their feedback, where we're going to document their needs, and for those of us at the First Responder Network Authority responsible for making these future investments, that's the document and that's the voice – public safety's voice – that's most important to us as we consider how to invest these precious dollars.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, and that's always been our commitment and will continue to be our commitment to engage with public safety in that manner throughout the entire life of this network.
Dave Buchanan: Thank you for joining us today, Jeremy, on the podcast. I look forward to continuing this dialogue with you and with first responders as we continue to look at the Roadmap domains, we continue to look at public safety's priorities, and we continue to have conversations in this podcast about where public safety, what their needs are for this network and where they want it to go and what they see as the best opportunities for them to optimize the use of FirstNet to improve their public safety operations. Thanks for joining the podcast today.
Jeremy Zollo: Yeah, thanks Dave. I look forward to the future and how this all rolls out.


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