text:
Visionaries or dreamers?
Greg Hanscom April 26, 1999 From the print edition
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Existing designated wilderness areas in the West
Map by Diane Sylvain
Dave Foreman, co-founder of The Wildlands Project
Jack Dykinga photo
Michael SoulÄ, co-founder of The Wildlands Project
Greg Hanscom photo
Mount Rainier National Park and Glacier View Wilderness
Trygve Steen photo
Black-tailed jackrabbit
Dick Randall/Defenders of Wildlife
Neal and Mary Jane Mishler
The pronghorn was last seen in Lassen in 1979
The red fox has been missing from Bryce Canyon since 1961
Sherm Spoelstra
Barbara Dugelby, Wildlands Project ecologist
Steve Hinchman from the Western Slope Environmental Resource Council
Greg Hanscom
"Our vision is simple. We live for the day when grizzlies in Chihuahua have an unbroken connection to grizzlies in Alaska; when gray wolf populations are continuous from New Mexico to Greenland; when vast unbroken forests and flowing plains again thrive and support pre-Columbian populations
of plants and animals; when humans dwell with respect, harmony, and affection for the land; when we come to live no longer as strangers and aliens to this continent."
--Mission statement, The Wildlands Project
The bottle of tequila circling the campfire wasn't doing much for the border country silence. Laughter and off-color jokes drifted up from the ring of wilderness hounds, over the Chisos Mountains in Big Bend National Park to where a full moon burned a perfect hole in the sky.
Above the din rose the drawl of Dave Foreman, the leader of Earth First! - a group of die-hard environmentalists determined to wage war against industrial society in the name of Mother Earth. It was 1984, and the group was headed for its heyday. Before the decade was out, activists would don spotted owl suits to protest logging, lock themselves to bulldozers, and unfurl a black plastic "crack" down the face of Glen Canyon Dam to lament the drowning of a redrock canyon. Around the West, monkey wrenchers pounded trees with spikes to keep them standing and toppled billboards in their stead.
"It was the only time I ever heard Foreman sing," recalls Barbara Dugelby, at the time a leader of the Texas Earth First! chapter. Her collection of hippie university students and biologists had trekked across the desert from Austin to meet Foreman and his Tucson, Ariz., clan.
Then, late in the evening, Foreman performed a miracle. He downed the last of the tequila, worm and all; with a great whoop, he heaved the bottle toward the heavens and toppled over backward in his lawn chair. A dozen pairs of eyes watched the bottle spin upward and disappear into the dark. They froze like a bunch of kids around a well waiting for the splash of a dropped rock. But they never heard the bottle shatter. The only sound that cracked the air was the cackle of coyotes.
"We decided it never came down," says Dugelby.
"I had a two-week hangover," says Foreman, "and I haven't touched a bottle of tequila since."
But Foreman still fires things toward the sky. Seven years later, he joined a more sober gathering in San Francisco. At that 1991 meeting, an alliance of high-powered scientists and activists launched the "Wildlands Project." The project's goals were as ambitious and arrogant as its founders: to stitch together the roaded, subdivided landscape of North America and create a place where wolves, grizzly bears and other native wildlife could live as they had 500 years ago.
The Wildlands Project, which now has a staff of 10 based in Tucson, is a different beast than Earth First! Foreman left behind protests, blazing headlines and an arrest in favor of behind-the-scenes planning, lofty scientific ideals and a vision he says may take a century or more to realize. He said farewell to the hippie anarchists and teamed up with conservation biologists and computer mapping experts.
Foreman hasn't escaped his past altogether, however. Like the wolves and grizzlies he champions, Foreman is a lightning rod. To some, he is a visionary; to others, he is a threat. And like Earth First!, the Wildlands Project has the power to polarize as well as invigorate. While a new generation of activists is rallying around the project, critics say that they are aimed for a head-on collision with political leaders and rural people.
For nearly a decade, Wildlands Project supporters have batted their ideas around mapping tables, college classrooms and more than a few campfires. But the project has spun there, mid-air, with seemingly little relevance to what's happening in the real world.
This year, the project will finally hit the ground. Critics say it will shatter like so much junk glass. But a surprising group of proponents believes that the Wildlands Project has already percolated into the halls of environmental groups and federal agencies. They say it will revolutionize the way we look at the land.
An Earth First! exodus
What happened between the launching of the tequila bottle and the launching of the Wildlands Project is a story of two paths - activism and science - that met over pancakes, eggs, and a whole lot of coffee in a diner in Ann Arbor, Mich.
Barbara Dugelby spent the mid-1980s with Texas Earth First! doing street theater, direct action and going after the U.S. Forest Service to protect the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker. The group met with some success: It prodded the Texas attorney general to sue the Forest Service over its forest management plan and convinced the city of Austin to adopt an endangered species ordinance.
But Dugelby and her compatriots were frustrated at always being on the defensive, fighting over a timber sale here, an endangered species there, while developers and industry carved up the landscape.
"Earth First! had attracted a lot of intellectuals, people with academic backgrounds who started to wonder, 'What can I contribute here?'" says Kieran Suckling, who left Earth First! and helped found the media- and law-savvy Southwest Center for Biological Diversity in Tucson (HCN, 3/30/98). "We realized there was this huge untapped world of litigation, scientific research and conservation planning that was stuck in these test tubes in universities and wasn't getting out into the world."
Then, on May 31, 1989, armed FBI agents stormed Foreman's Tucson apartment and arrested him.
The same day, agents arrested four other Earth First!ers, charging them with conspiracy and eco-sabotage. Four of them would do jail time. After a drawn-out trial, Foreman would plead guilty to felony conspiracy and agree not to speak out about monkey wrenching.
The arrest of the "Arizona Five" was a tough dose of reality for Foreman's academic-minded wilderness defenders. Over the next year, many split off from Earth First! and tried to put as much distance between themselves and their monkey-wrenching pasts as possible.
Earth First!ers like Suckling and Jasper Carlton, who had started the Earth First! Biodiversity Project a few years earlier, turned to "paper monkey wrenching" in the courtrooms. Wielding the National Forest Management Act, the National Environmental Policy Act and the Endangered Species Act like clubs, they halted logging on Southwest national forests for 10 months over the endangered Mexican spotted owl, kicked cows off streams, and put animals like the jaguar and Preble's meadow jumping mouse and plants like the lady's tresses orchid on the endangered species list.
Others, like Barbara Dugelby and Reed Noss, threw all their energy into science to achieve their conservation goals. Like Foreman, they were convinced that in order to stop the nation's wildlife from spiraling into oblivion, they would have to come up with a vision for North America based on the best science available.
"I came to science from extreme activism," says Dugelby. "I wanted to do visionary conservation activism."
Activism and science intersect
The man who could teach her more about the subject than anyone was Michael Soulé, a slight, goateed scientist in his 60s, known in academic circles as the father of conservation biology. Soulé, who had studied under ecologist Paul Ehrlich, author of the 1968 book, The Population Bomb, concluded that he could not sit back and be an "objective" scientist while the natural world went to hell.
The human race was driving the sixth great extinction crisis, Soulé believed, on par with the disappearance of the dinosaurs and Pleistocene creatures like the woolly mammoth and the saber-toothed tiger. It was only natural, he thought, to search for ways to protect life, and his profession. Taking the cue from Aldo Leopold and others, he added conscience to science. Soulé's conservation biology has been likened to medicine; it's science aimed at healing the land.
Conservation biology grew largely out of a school of thought called island biogeography. The theory was pioneered by such notable naturalists as Charles Darwin, and captured in the 1967 book, The Theory of Island Biogeography, by ecologist Robert MacArthur and biologist Edward O. Wilson. Its basic principle is that large islands close to the mainland can support more types of plants and animals than smaller, more isolated islands. As islands shrink, species fall prey to inbreeding and accidents, and start dying off.
The principle applies to the mainland as well. In 1984, Michigan graduate student Bill Newmark traveled around the West, visiting national parks and setting up camp in their libraries. In the records of wildlife sightings, he found an unsettling picture: National parks had become islands in a sea of development. Large parks such as Banff and Jasper in Alberta, Canada, still held all the creatures that were seen 100 years ago. But smaller parks were losing residents.
Yosemite had lost the mink and the black-tailed jackrabbit. The white-tailed jackrabbit, red fox and spotted skunk had disappeared from Bryce Canyon in Utah. Most startling was Lassen Volcanic National Park in Northern California - a mountain park surrounded by the heavily logged and roaded Lassen National Forest. Since its establishment in 1907, the tiny park had lost six animal species: the Nuttall's cottontail, fisher, river otter, striped skunk, ringtail and pronghorn.
Newmark's conclusion, published in the journal Nature in 1987, was that virtually none of the national parks in the West were large enough to provide a long-term home for the animals that lived there.
If we were serious about saving the West's wildlife, argued Michael Soulé, we would have to protect larger wilderness areas, buffer them from development and connect them with migration corridors to allow isolated animal populations to reach one another. Where there were islands of wilderness surrounded by a sea of humanity, he wanted to see human islands in a sea of wilderness.
So where do the pancakes and eggs come into the picture? By the late 1980s, Soulé and Foreman knew each other's work - Soulé had been publishing papers in the scientific journals, and Foreman and his cronies had followed conservation biology in the Earth First! Journal. But the two had never met.
In 1988, Barbara Dugelby, who had come to the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor to study with Soulé, arranged to have Dave Foreman and Sierra Club "archdruid" David Brower speak at the university. The next morning, she took Foreman, Brower and Soulé out to a local diner for breakfast. Brower shoveled his eggs onto his pancakes and coffee flowed like the Colorado River in spring.
The talk revolved around the fate of the conservation movement and the need for a broader, science-based vision, recalls Dugelby. Soulé expressed his support for radical conservation that set the standards much higher than standards set by the big Greens like the Sierra Club and the Wilderness Society. He also emphasized that, for the first time, science could demonstrate the need for a system of large-scale, interconnected nature reserves.
In Foreman, Soulé saw the passion and the drive to take his science to the people. And in Soulé's science, Foreman saw the foundation for his vision. The wilderness preacher had found his new gospel.
The cover of the puzzle box
The diner breakfast led to a larger gathering of scientists and activists in 1991 in San Francisco. About a dozen wilderness activists from around the country spent two and a half intense days on Russian Hill at the house of Doug Tompkins, who had used his Esprit clothing fortune to start the Foundation for Deep Ecology. It was there, in a green oasis in the middle of the city, that Foreman, Soulé and 11 others launched the Wildlands Project.
"Our vision is simple," they wrote later. "We live for the day when grizzlies in Chihuahua have an unbroken connection to grizzlies in Alaska; when gray wolf populations are continuous from New Mexico to Greenland; when vast unbroken forests and flowing plains again thrive and support pre-Columbian populations of plants and animals; when humans dwell with respect, harmony, and affection for the land; when we come to live no longer as strangers and aliens to this continent."
In more recent iterations of the mission statement, the word "simple" has been replaced with "ambitious." Still, some folks think a more fitting description would be "pie in the sky."
Maybe, but the project serves a purpose, says Soulé, who retired from the University of California at Santa Cruz three years ago, moved to rural western Colorado and built a house. "Our mission is to embolden the conservation movement to think much bigger and on a larger time scale," he says. He compares the Wildlands Project to building the great European cathedrals: Many of the workers died before the buildings were finished, but without the grand architectural plans, they never would have been built. "Without an inspiring vision," Soulé says, "nothing is going to happen on the ground."
The project is aloof by design. Its founders did not want to compete with existing conservation groups. They wanted to create a framework those groups could work within, and a clearinghouse for information and science. They modeled the group after the old Wilderness Society, where Foreman had worked as a lobbyist and organizer before starting Earth First! Foreman describes the Wilderness Society of the 1970s as "a great collection of old wilderness warriors working with local, independent groups."
Based in a nondescript Tucson, Ariz., office complex, the Wildlands Project now has 10 paid staff and no members. Its money comes entirely from donations and foundation grants. Its mouthpiece is Wild Earth magazine, based in Richmond, Vermont, which is technically a separate organization, but is overseen by Foreman, as its publisher. Reading Wild Earth is a little like watching Christians debate the Bible. Wilderness is Truth in these pages, and Foreman is happy to take on any who question it.
The task of making wilderness real on the ground falls to regional groups that are busy remapping the continent. In the West, there are 10 affiliates. One, Yellowstone to Yukon, or "Y2Y," based in Canmore, Alberta, is trying to protect an 1,800-mile stretch of the Northern Rockies from Yellowstone National Park to Canada's Yukon Territory (HCN, 11/10/97). In Bellingham, Wash., the Northwest Ecosystem Alliance is gearing up for an "R2R" (Rainforest to Rockies) campaign to reconnect the Cascades to the Rockies.
From Casper, Wyo., south through Colorado to northern New Mexico, the Southern Rockies Ecosystem Project is mapping territory for reintroducing wolves. And further south, where the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has already returned wolves to the wild, the Sky Island Alliance is mapping habitat for grizzly bears from New Mexico's Gila Wilderness to the Sierra Madre in northern Mexico (see story next page).
Wildlands mappers start with state and federal agencies that have information about the ranges of plants and animals, and the extent of human development. But agency data is often fragmented or out of date, says Bill Martin, mapping coordinator with the Southern Rockies Ecosystem Project in Boulder. The next step is to get people out on the ground, surveying roads and roadless areas, taking inventory of old-growth forest, counting trail users, and looking for signs of important or rare wildlife.
All of this information is fed into a computer, which spits out a map of the world from wildlife's point of view. "After a while, you start to see how a landscape fits together," Martin says. "The Wildlands Project is big time, big theory. This is a way to communicate that. People see things on a map that would take a 20-page paper to write."
Wildlands mappers provide the vision, explains Foreman, while grassroots groups will make it all happen. "It's like the picture on the cover of a jigsaw puzzle box," he says. "We don't know which group is going to put each piece down."
Big cats and blood
Bill Martin admits that some people look at his maps and see nothing but red. "Maps are dangerous," he says, and explains that many wildlands affiliates have become wary of releasing the maps to the public. He tells the story of a 1997 range tour in western Colorado, where one of his maps went off like a bomb. The tour was sponsored by the Delta-Montrose Public Lands Partnership, a group of environmentalists, ranchers and recreationists that was looking at the Forest Service's travel management plan for the Uncompahgre Plateau.
Martin's map showed "core" areas for wildlife, from which he thought motorized vehicles and cattle should be excluded. He hadn't intended to show it to the group, but someone got a copy and passed it around.
"That put me on one hell of a spot. I was completely blind-sided," says Southern Rockies Ecosystem Project President Dennis Hall. "They jumped all over me. They were asking, "What about the people who graze their cows out there?" "
Also sure to raise hackles is planned habitat for top-of-the-food-chain critters with big teeth.
Conservation biologists argue that if you protect large predators, you protect a host of other animals as well. Large predators need large areas of relatively unmolested country to survive. An adult male grizzly bear, for example, needs 300 to 500 square miles, so if you protect enough wilderness to support a population of grizzlies, you're bound to catch lots of smaller, less charismatic animals and plants.
Big predators need big wilderness, but does wilderness need predators? Absolutely, says Soulé. Remove predators, and the whole landscape suffers. In Yellowstone National Park, for example, wolves were wiped out in the 1920s. Without its main predator, the northern Yellowstone elk herd has grown so large that it has grazed the range down to tatters, say some scientists (HCN, 9/15/97).
One of the best illustrations of the importance of predators to natural systems comes from Alaska's Aleutian Islands, where Russian fur hunters drove the sea otter almost to extinction in the late 1800s. Today, otters have returned to some islands but not others, and the difference is striking. University of California Santa Cruz biologist Jim Estes found that the waters surrounding islands without otters are relatively barren; sea urchins have grazed plants down to the ocean floor.
But where otters have returned, they've eaten enough sea urchins to allow a rich kelp forest to grow, and along with the kelp come fish, bald eagles and sea ducks. Estes calls the otter a "keystone species' because it has an inordinate impact on the shape of the entire ecosystem.
The same goes for wolves, grizzly bears, mountain lions and an array of other animals that ranchers and the federal government have done their best to drive out of the West.
"If your goal is to protect biodiversity, we have to have large carnivores," says Soulé. "In order to save the wilderness in Colorado, we have to have the wolf and grizzly back."
Or as Dave Foreman put it at a conference last October, flashing a slide of an African lion making a gory meal of a gazelle: "This is what the Wildlands Project is all about: Big cats and blood."
Talk of "rewilding" North America gives some people nightmares of wolves running through the streets of Chicago and of grizzlies in L.A. One critic has posted "simulated" wildlands reserve maps on the Internet, showing the entire Western U.S. as wilderness areas or "Buffer Zones - Highly Regulated Use." Similar maps have shown up in small towns around the West.
"Foreman's dream, known as the Wildlands Project, has transmuted to an Orwellian nightmare, supported by innumerable U.N. agencies, embraced by the United Nations Environmental Programme, UNESCO, the Sierra Club, The Nature Conservancy, the U.S. Department of the Interior and the EPA," writes another alarmed onlooker. "It is being unleashed relentlessly across America."
The backlash is no surprise to some observers, who say the Wildlands Project is ivory-tower conservation at its worst. In their excitement about creating a new wild America, Wildlands backers have forgotten about people, they say. And without concern for people, the project will be about as welcome as a rattlesnake in a sleeping bag.
Supporters within the environmental community also have reservations. "You want to talk about island biogeography - let's talk about island political geography," says Steve Hinchman, director of the Western Slope Environmental Resource Council in Paonia, Colo., a rural coal-mining and fruit-growing community that is also the home of High Country News. "Their supporters live in Boulder, Salt Lake and Santa Fe. They're like isolated gene pools that have been inbreeding too long."
Hinchman's group sponsored a talk by Dave Foreman at a local meeting hall two years ago, where the eco-preacher gave his stock Wildlands sermon and finished by telling the story of Aldo Leopold killing a wolf and realizing the error of his ways. The finale, as always, was a cathartic howl by the group (HCN, 8/4/97).
Hinchman had been attracted to the Wildlands Project by its fresh vision - one that took conservation beyond beautiful mountains for backpackers, to healthy landscapes and wildlife. But what struck Hinchman at the talk was not the excitement Foreman's vision generated, but the fierce antagonism it sparked.
"The wise-users came armed for bear and just attacked Foreman," says Hinchman. While he still thinks the project's vision is inspiring and its science is invaluable, his group voted to disassociate itself with the Southern Rockies Ecosystem Project, the local Wildlands affiliate. "They're branded as the ludicrous fringe. We can't possibly adopt this strategy and survive - not in our community," he says. "Unless it makes sense to any person who grew up here, who lives out here and who's going to die out here, it's not going to work."
Hinchman's prediction played out in the Southwest last year, where the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service reintroduced Mexican gray wolves on the Arizona-New Mexico border. Before the year was out, five of 11 wolves had been shot. A sixth wolf was found dead in March, just six days after officials released it into the wild.
Says Hinchman, "You can't change the rural West from the outside."
It's a lesson Northwest Ecosystem Alliance Director Mitch Friedman learned the hard way in the early 1990s, when he aired a plan to protect the Columbia Mountains in British Columbia, Canada. The proposal met widespread opposition, even from some environmental groups that felt overlooked. The project "withered on the vine," says Friedman, a former Earth First!er and one of the founding members of the Wildlands Project.
A second proposal, this one for an international park on the U.S.-Canada border, was shot full of holes by Gingrich Republicans and United Nations-fearing conspiracy theorists. "The lesson there," Friedman says, "was that simply putting out the best science-based land proposal isn't going to make it happen."
"No one is going to implement this plan because it's a good idea," agrees Kieran Suckling, whose Southwest Center started as a Wildlands Project affiliate but moved on. "You've got this big vision and this big visionary (Foreman). The big question is, how are they ever going to get it implemented? How do you get it off the paper?"
A roadmap for conservation
Despite their vague strategy for making the Wildlands Project happen on the ground, Soulé's science is compelling and Foreman's preaching has a way of getting people starry-eyed. Together, they've managed to enlist a surprising troop of supporters.
"I am aware of the debate between vision and pragmatism," says Wilderness Society President Bill Meadows, who recently joined the Wildlands Project board. "But if we don't have a vision, we won't get the practical results we deserve. They have a vision that inspires all of us - the grassroots groups and the big national groups like the Wilderness Society."
Other groups, such as the Sierra Club, have come up with their own maps, dividing the country into "eco-regions."
It's not just the big greens who have jumped on the bandwagon. Take, for example, Jim Winder, 38, who grazes about 1,000 cows on mostly public land in south central New Mexico. "When I first heard about Wildlands, I was just like any rancher. I wasn't real thrilled with it," he says. "But they're the only people in the environmental community who are doing things in a scientific manner.
"They're developing a roadmap for conservation," he adds, and that saves ranchers a lot of guesswork. "You never know when an environmental group is going to protest something."
But then Winder is no ordinary rancher. He supported reintroducing wolves in the Southwest, and now sells "Wolf Country Beef" for a premium in specialty stores. Now, he's reintroducing endangered fish in a stream on one of his ranches, and he's started a small eco-tourism business. It's all in the name of survival, he says, in a time when ranchers are selling out and hanging up the saddle for good.
"I've gotta be out there kicking some ass," he says. "I want to see ranchers get rich as hell off of healing the land. We got rich screwing it up."
There are also signs that Wildlands Project thinking has permeated the thick walls of land management agencies. The Yellowstone to Yukon initiative, for example, has garnered the support of both the U.S. and Canadian national park services.
Even some skeptics admit that the science behind the Wildlands Project is making waves in the agencies. "The Wildlands Project is a little beyond political and social reality. It can't deal with the tide of humanity," says Hal Salwasser, director of the Forest Service's Pacific Southwest Research Station in Berkeley, Calif. "But conservation biology is not a pipe dream. We use the concepts and tools that came out of conservation biology pretty regularly. They're in the regular toolbox."
In the Northern Rockies, for example, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has been working to connect grizzly bear habitat in Yellowstone, Idaho and Montana, according to agency bear biologist Chris Servheen. Montana's Swan Valley is an important passageway for grizzly bears traveling between the Bob Marshall Wilderness Area and the Mission Mountains. Servheen's agency has helped show that bears will steer clear of residents' homes as long as they don't grow apple trees, raise chickens or keep dog food outside.
"The local people live in these areas because they have space; there're no streetlights, barking dogs or cars racing around," he says. "Bears need the same things."
But Servheen is quick to draw a line between the kind of conservation biology he practices and the kind that appears in the academic journals. "Who reads Soulé's books? Is it the people who live in these areas? Absolutely not," he says. "The future of these animals rides on public support, not on these grand concepts."
Unless conservation biologists can find a way to convince common people that their ideas are legitimate, adds Servheen, they will only make battles over public lands and private property worse. "We (agency officials) end up picking up the pieces of poorly sold ideas," he says. "And the ones that really suffer are the animals."
Here comes the Wildlands Project
Wildlands proponents understand that they'll never get a second chance with a first impression. If they blow it, it could take a long time to recover.
They're gearing up for the big debut, which should hit the pages of The New York Times this fall in the form of a two-page ad with maps. By the end of the year, they expect to release a string of reserve maps, including plans for the Sky Island region of Arizona and New Mexico, the Southern Rockies, the Klamath Siskiyou region of Oregon, the central coast of British Columbia and the northern Yukon territory.
"We're looking very hard at how to make the Wildlands Project immediately relevant and how to make it have an impact right now," says Foreman. "Otherwise, it's not worth the paper it's printed on. It'll do nothing but collect dust."
Making the project relevant, he says, starts with the grassroots wilderness proposals that are popping up like wildflowers around the West. Many are modeled after the Utah Wilderness Coalition's proposal that seems to be making some headway in Congress, thanks to a national constituency (HCN, 8/3/98).
The New Mexico Wilderness Alliance wants to protect 2.5 million acres of Bureau of Land Management land as wilderness. A similar proposal for Arizona is in the works. Colorado Rep. Diana DeGette has introduced a bill in Congress that would designate 1.5 million acres of wilderness in her state. California activists are pushing for up to 6 million acres of new wilderness. Nevada environmentalists want approximately 16 million acres. In Oregon, it's 4.5 million acres. And in Washington, conservationists are asking for 3.1 million acres.
Some activists contemplate a national or West-wide wilderness bill, according to Jack Humphrey of the Sky Island Alliance. "The national wilderness movement is really kicking in," he says. "A national bill would take it out of the hands of Western senators and make it a national debate."
Also in the works on the national level is a "Native Ecosystem Protection Act," sort of an Endangered Species Act for whole landscapes. This "new NEPA" would outlaw the "taking" or destruction of protected ecosystems on public lands, says Reed Noss, a former Earth First!er who is now the president of the Society for Conservation Biology. The act, which has not yet been written up as legislation, would also set up a fund to buy wildlife habitat on private land.
"Instead of addressing species one by one, we need to focus on ecosystems and slow down the cascade of species warranting listing under the Endangered Species Act," says Noss. "The idea is not to wait until things are virtually impossible to fix."
He admits that a national law is not a panacea, and that conservation plans will vary from place to place. "It's a little foggy. No one knows what's going to work."
To make the Wildlands Project work, Foreman admits he needs to step out of the wilderness and into the messy private lands and human communities in between. He has taken the lead in presenting the new Sky Island-Greater Gila reserve design in the Southwest. Once the environmental movement's chief agitator, he now finds himself struggling to become its head peacemaker.
"In the past, the conservation movement's greatest weakness has been that private-lands conservation has been divorced from public-lands conservation, wilderness protection has been divorced from endangered species protection, economic practices have been divorced from ecosystem recovery," says Foreman. "What we're saying is, let's look at all of it and see how it fits together."
Foreman has also been meeting with sympathetic ranchers like Jim Winder and Drum Hadley, who runs the Gray Ranch in the New Mexico boot heel. "Big private ranches that are managed for their ecologic values are in many ways the best places to restore sensitive species," he says.
Land trusts, conservation easements, and raising money to simply buy up land are all part of the picture, he says. He also supports efforts to make conservation make sense to people's pocketbooks. In the Southwest, for example, environmentalists are working to convince ranchers to sell predator-friendly meat and retire grazing allotments on public lands in exchange for trophy elk-hunting permits.
Barbara Dugelby, now the Wildlands Project's ecologist, says she's seen Foreman change his tack in recent years. "He's become a little softer, more focused and analytical," she says.
Still, the old eco-warrior acknowledges that he's walking into a fight with many rural Westerners. "We're not going to throw all economic uses off the land. That's realism," he says. "On the same token, we're going to have wolves back throughout the West. That's a reality they're going to have to live with."
Greg Hanscom is an HCN assistant editor.
The following sidebar articles accompany this feature story:
- 'This is not a radical notion...'
- 'It's like the Manhattan Project...'
- Extra photos to Visionaries or Dreamers
You can contact ...
* The Wildlands Project, 1955 W. Grant Road, Suite 148, Tucson, AZ 85745-1147 (520/884-0875), [email protected], Internet at www.twp.org;
* Wild Earth Magazine, P.O. Box 455, Richmond, VT 05477, 802/434-5980.
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Nuit Blanche Street Festival this Weekend!
EC Montreal is looking forward to a long weekend. Monday is Labor Day and most business and establishments will be closed. EC Montreal has a beach day at the Clock Tower Beach scheduled this Saturday; however, we encourage everyone to check out Nuit Blanche on Mount-Royal sometime during our long weekend!
One final street festival is going to end the summer in Montreal with an epic and artistic bang! Nuit Blanche sur Tableau Noir (NBTN), will be transforming Mont-Royal Avenue into a combo sidewalk sale, art festival, and nightlife hub for 4 days from August 28 to August 31.
Nuit Blanche in French means sleepless night. This means that the festivities will take place all night long. When a French speaker says that they spent une nuit blanche it means they didn't sleep a wink!
The festival will include art, cinema, workshops, live musical performances and food! There will be food trucks out on the street and a special patio will be set up. There will be plenty of eating and drinking going on!
The NBTN festival will be held on Mont-Royal Avenue, from St. Laurent all the way to d'Iberville. There is a lot to see and check out during the 4 day festival.


text:
Q: how to against apk-tool&modify apktool,protect my app? Please consider the following link:
https://code.google.com/p/android-apktool/wiki/KnownIssues
Towards the bottom it's stated:

I've found that some APKs don't conform to regular Android standards. They were probably built using a modified aapt, which makes decompiling near impossible. These APKs are called "Magic" apks and probably won't be supported.

So, how do I can protect my app? I'm interested in modified aapt, but I have no idea where to begin? Thank you.

A: This is generally a lost cause. There are tools that abuse the DEX file format to try to hide your code from popular tools, but they can be easily defeated. 'Near impossible' is a not quite true, just harder to make a general purpose tool for it.
Obfuscate your code, consider using Dex2Jar and above all build a great app so that more people will use it/pay for it.

A: You must first search about it, There is some useful link about reverse engineering and decompile .apk files :

*

*How to avoid reverse engineering of an APK file?

*decompiling DEX into Java sourcecode

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Clothing and accessories from Australia's leading labels that are on trend, flexible and affordable for women over 35.
Specialising in natural fibres, we create stylish, effortless wardrobes that have multiple outfit combinations, are easy to manage and suitable for any occasion.
Modern, relaxed womenswear with a distinctly Australian style.
Total looks that will fit and flatter and take you from day to night with confidence.
A brand that is both on-trend and classically sophisticated.


"The owners are lovely people, rooms are located in the best part of the little city. Breakfast was amazing. Overall felt great staying there and well welcomed by energic owners. Parking wasn't a problem as well."
... Where to go in Provence ?
"During your stay in our Bed and Breakfast, we will help you to plan your daily trips, advising you with itineraries to explore Provence !"
The advantage to stay in les Baux de Provence is easily accessible by car to reach these destinations. Most located just 1 hour to drive.
All these routes offer an outstanding selection of the main tourist places to go in this part of the South of France.
Tarascon, Beaucaire, Pont du Gard, Uzès town and castle, roman parts in Nimes and charming villages and spots along river le Gardon.
Cassis and the famous Calanques to discover from the Mediterranean sea by boat. Impressive crest road along the cliffs.
St Remy de Provence and Glanum roman ruins, Alpilles villages, olive oils and vineyards ... and Les Baux de Provence !
Le Prince Noir B&B is located in the historic center of Les Baux de Provence just near the castle site, the access to the old main street of the village is limited to pedestrian traffic from 10 AM to 07 PM.
As privileged host, while staying at le Prince Noir you will get access to reserved and free parking just located at the entrance of the main street.
The parking is monitored and safe. Take only essential luggage with you to the inn. The rest of your luggage can be transfered after 07.00 PM by car.
Once you have parked your car, walk to the inn by taking the main street of the historic center (Rue du Chateau) direction "le Chateau" up to Rue des Fours. There, turn left and you will find the Prince Noir B&B in front of you (there is a bell on the ground floor with pictures).


text:
export const AVAILABLE_COMMANDS = {
  'turnOn': {
    "title": "Turn On",
    "comment": "Turns on the Power"
  },
  'turnOff': {
    "title": "Turn Off",
    "comment": "Turns off the Power"
  }
};

export class Power implements Homenet.IPower {
  public expose: boolean;
  public name: string;

  constructor(public id: string, private settable: Homenet.ISettable, opts : any) {
    this.expose = opts.expose || false;
    this.name = opts.name || id;
  }

  set(value) {
    return this.settable.set(value);
  }

  get() {
    return this.settable.get();
  }

  on(event: 'update', handler: (value: any) => void) {
    return this.settable.on(event, handler);
  }

  removeListener(event: 'update', handler: (value: any) => void) {
    return this.settable.removeListener(event, handler);
  }

  turnOn() {
    return this.set(true);
  }

  turnOff() {
    return this.set(false);
  }

  get commandMeta() {
    return AVAILABLE_COMMANDS;
  }

  get commandId(): string {
    return 'power.' + this.id;
  }

  get switchId(): string {
    return 'power.' + this.id;
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Elizabeth Akers Allen (pen name, Florence Percy; October 9, 1832 – August 7, 1911), was an American poet and journalist. Her early poems appeared over the signature of "Florence Percy", and many of them were first published in the Portland Transcript. She came to Portland, Maine in 1855, and a volume of her fugitive poems appeared in that city just before her marriage to Paul Akers, the sculptor, whom she accompanied to Italy, and buried there. For several years, she was on the editorial staff of the Portland Advertiser. She wrote for most of the leading magazines, and several editions of her collected poems were published. She later resided in Ridgewood, New Jersey for several years.

Early life
Elizabeth Anne Chase was born in 1832 in Strong, Maine. Her mother died when she was an infant, and her father moved the family to Farmington, where she attended Farmington Academy.

Her earliest poems are said to have been published when she was between 12 and 15 years old, under the pen name "Florence Percy".

Career
In 1855, using her pen name, she published her first book of poetry, Forest Buds from the Woods of Maine. She started contributing poems to the Atlantic Monthly in 1858. In 1866, she published her second collection, Poems, under the name of "Elizabeth Akers". All subsequent volumes were published under the name "Elizabeth Akers Allen".

For much of her career, Allen earned her living partly as a journalist. The success of her first book allowed her to travel in Europe in 1859–60. While in Europe she served as a correspondent for the Portland Transcript and the Boston Evening Gazette.  In 1874, she moved to Portland, Maine, where she spent seven years as the literary editor of the Daily Advertiser. She was a member of the professional women's club Sorosis, which had many writer members.

Allen is best known for the first couplet of her sentimental poem "Rock Me to Sleep, Mother" (1859), which was written during her European sojourn and first published in the  Saturday Evening Post of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Though it is not considered her finest work, it was very popular during the American Civil War and quoted in the (unpublished) manuscript Mark Twain's No. 44, The Mysterious Stranger. For some years, Allen was forced to dispute its authorship with a number of claimants after the poem was set to music by Ernest Leslie and became a hit song. The first couplet runs:
Backward, turn backward, O time, in thy flight;
Make me a child again, just for to-night.

Composer Kate Lucy Ward also set Allen's poem Do Not Look Long at Life's Sorrow to music.

During the Civil War, in 1863, Allen had an appointment as a government clerk in the War Office in Washington, D.C., and also worked as a nurse.

Personal life

In 1851, she married Marshall S. M. Taylor, but he abandoned her and their infant daughter, and they were divorced in 1857.

Secondly, she married Paul Akers, a Maine sculptor whom she had met in Rome, in 1860; he died of tuberculosis in 1861. Their only child died shortly afterwards.

Thirdly, in 1865 or 1866, she married Elijah M. Allen and they lived in Richmond, Virginia, and Ridgewood, New Jersey, before settling in New York City.

Death and legacy
She move to Tuckahoe, New York in 1881 and died there in 1911.

Her papers are held by Colby College.

Selected publications
Forest Buds from the Woods of Maine (1855, as Florence Percy)
Poems (1866, as Elizabeth Akers)
Queen Catharine's Rose (1885)
The Silver Bridge, and Other Poems (1885)
Two Saints (1888)
The High-Top Sweeting, and Other Poems (1891)
The Proud Lady of Stavoven (1897)
The Ballad of the Bronx (1901)
The Sunset Song, and Other Verses (1902)

References

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

 Sheet music for "Rock Me to Sleep, Mother", Columbia, SC: Julian A. Selby, 1862, from the Confederate Imprints Sheet Music Collection

1832 births
1911 deaths
19th-century American poets
19th-century American women writers
19th-century American journalists
People from Strong, Maine
People from Farmington, Maine
People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
Poets from Maine
American women poets
Journalists from Maine
Pseudonymous women writers
American women journalists
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from A Woman of the Century
19th-century pseudonymous writers
19th-century women journalists

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Art of the Recommendation
"Miss A, who graduated six years back,
has air-expressed me an imposing stack
of forms in furtherance of her heart's desire:
a Ph.D. Not wishing to deny her,
I dredge around for something laudatory
to say that won't be simply a tall story;
in fact, I search for memories of her,
and draw a blank—or say, at best a blur."
"Try as I may,
I cannot render palpable Miss A,
who, with five hundred classmates, left few traces
when she decamped. Those mortarboard-crowned faces,
multitudes, beaming, ardent to improve
a world advancing dumbly in its groove,
crossing the stage that day—to be consigned
to a cold-storage portion of the mind . . .
What could be sadder? (She remembered me.)
The transcript says I gave Miss A a B."
-Robert B. Shaw "Letter of Recommendation"
I start so many stories with something like "back in the old days" as though I am 90. My life, though, is split between the pre-tech and post-tech world. My undergraduate university years happened around the same time that most people just started using email. The process of requesting recommendations from professors was excessively long and formal and took forever. Yet it was – and remains – necessary. It's changed, of course, with online university applications.
This has carried over into the employment recommendation scenario, and nowhere is this more prevalent than LinkedIn, where all the professional networking takes place. I think we can all agree that the endorsements for skills are pretty meaningless. How many times have I been endorsed by people I don't know for skills that they could not possibly know that I have? It's a joke. The personal recommendation, though, is another story.
The other day I wrote my first LinkedIn recommendation for someone. Perhaps it is random of me to just decide to write a recommendation for no real reason. Apparently it is customary to request recommendations from people. Even though that has been the tradition in the past and makes sense when a person needs a recommendation, it does not seem bizarre to me if a person (like me) is inspired and decides to write a recommendation spontaneously. I am often inspired by colleagues and feel like a bit of formal praise is not out of order. Is this strange? Is there some kind of protocol about this of which I am remarkably ignorant or to which I am oblivious?
In a former job, we had an employee-of-the-month competition. No one at my branch had ever won. Everyone believed that it was largely because we were a small office compared to some of the larger offices. The voting was done by a "board" of managers, but the number of people from each office was proportional to the number of employees in each office, so voting was always stacked against the smaller offices, including ours. At some point voting changed to enable the full staff to vote. And the staff could submit written nominations (which would be put up for a vote without any names – of either the nominator or nominee). And that is when our office started to win. I nominated three people from my office, resulting in three consecutive wins in the final three months of my employment there (before moving to Iceland). This reinforced the idea that, in the absence of distractions, we go back to basics of perception and applying specific skills. Things in this case boiled down to how things were written and a lot less about reality. While I have no doubt that the people I nominated deserved to win, our little team that had never won started to win because the emphasis of the competition changed.
Tags employee-of-the-month competitions, Letter of Recommendation, LinkedIn, LinkedIn endorsements, LinkedIn recommendations, Recommendations, Robert B Shaw, university
Tuareg – Nice high school boys – Destined for sleep
The Latest TV Ticking Time Bombs: Bunheads & Lone Star

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
NEHI Recommends Action on Adoption of Next Generation Therapies in Massachusetts
CONTACT: Tom Hubbard, Vice President of Policy Research, NEHI
thubbard@nehi.net
March 5, 2019, BOSTON—NEHI (The Network for Excellence in Health Innovation) released a white paper today recommending that Massachusetts health care payers, providers, and the state's biopharma industry come together in collaboration to address the unique payment and insurance coverage challenges raised by very highly innovative, "next generation" therapies.
A growing number of highly innovative new therapies are reaching the health care market that are notable both for the unprecedented benefits they may confer on patients and for the challenge they pose to conventional methods of evaluation, payment and cost management of new pharmaceuticals. The NEHI white paper urges early assessment of trends in the drug development pipeline to identify needed changes in coverage and payment policies and identifies five principles of cross-industry collaboration that should shape new policies.
"Massachusetts continues to play a leading role in health care reform and the drive to assure every citizen's access to affordable health care," said NEHI Executive Chair Wendy Everett. "We also have a front row seat on the global revolution in biology as many of the most promising new therapies have their roots in the Commonwealth's laboratories and biopharmaceutical companies. Together we are facing difficult issues, but we have the talent, ability and commitment to harmonize our leadership on health care access with our leadership in medical innovation."
NEHI's recommendations are an outgrowth of discussions it generated among its member organizations in the health insurance, health care provider, patient advocate and life science sectors. The recommendations focus specifically on newly-approved therapies that can be characterized by these attributes:
They employ an expanding number of scientific approaches to diagnose and treat disease, including various types of gene therapy, cell therapy, immunotherapy and other highly-innovative treatment approaches now in development.
They are approved by the FDA to meet significant unmet medical needs or as promising significant improvements in patient health over current standards of care.
Many are approved through the FDA's pathways for accelerated review, and may be approved based on novel clinical trials, evaluated against novel endpoints (such as surrogate endpoints).
Dr. Everett added, "Therapies are emerging that cure previously untreatable diseases among some people, while other therapies are reducing disabilities among patients who previously had few effective treatment options. But we are also experiencing complex issues such as therapies that work in some patients but not in others and therapies that impose significant, one-time costs on a health plan for a patient who may move on to another health plan in a few months. All while we continue to work to ensure affordable health insurance and care for every resident of Massachusetts."
The NEHI white paper recommends that payers, providers, patient groups and biopharmaceutical firms in the state engage in "horizon-scanning" processes to assess the implications of new drug development in a high-priority field such as oncology. The objectives of the horizon scans will be to anticipate therapeutic trends that may have a major impact on the health care system once new therapies are approved by the FDA; to gauge the accumulating impact on health care spending as the number of next generation therapies (many of them highly-personalized or used among small numbers of patients) grows over time; and to identify the need for new policies on coverage and reimbursement that ensures both patient access to new therapies and sustainable overall health care spending.
The white paper also recommends five guiding principles for collaboration among pharmaceutical manufacturers, providers and payers in the Commonwealth:
Agreement in principle to link manufacturer reimbursement to demonstrations of lasting (durable) benefits among patients.
Agreement in principle to expand reimbursement of physician-administered drugs to include direct contracting between payers and manufacturers, complemented by new methods for fair reimbursement of providers who must incur new costs for facilities and personnel in administering some next generation therapies.
New collaboration among the state's payers, providers and biopharmaceutical manufacturers to create standard templates for alternative contracting, such as outcomes-based pharmaceutical contracting.
Greater engagement among all parties to measure the total costs and benefits that may accrue from use of next generation therapies. These may include non-pharmaceutical costs, such as medical services needed to support a new therapy, or conversely, the elimination of lifelong medical costs if a patient is cured from a previously incurable condition.
New engagement on alternative policies on reinsurance and risk adjustment that may support the highest and best use of next generation therapies, recognizing longer-term costs and benefits.
Dr. Everett, who recently stepped down as the first Vice Chair of the Massachusetts Health Policy Commission, concluded, "We are urging all stakeholders and the state's policymakers to obtain a more sophisticated understanding of the incredibly diverse array of next generation therapies now arriving, and to take action to assure patient access, affordability and sustained innovation in the Commonwealth."
"We are fortunate that we have such valuable and talented innovators in our universities, life sciences industry, and health plans who are working on this complex set of issues. This work ultimately needs to be encouraged and expanded to encompass the entire array of new treatments we are likely to see over the next decade."
Read the full report at https://www.nehi.net/publications/83-next-generation-therapies-in-massachusetts-new-solutions-for-coverage-and-payment/view.


text:
yannick bisson 2020
Eye and Joey Barrett in High Tide. The decade was dominated by the Vietnam War, Civil Rights Protests, Cuban Missile Crisis, antiwar protests and saw the assassinations of US President John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. (51 éves) Montréal: Állampolgársága: kanadai: Foglalkozása : színész; filmszínész; filmrendező; televíziós színész; IMDb; PORT.hu; A Wikimédia Commons tartalmaz Yannick Bisson témájú médiaállományokat. Even less Canadian television shows get that opportunity. Timeline. Niall Matter as Nick Miller. According to TrendCelebsNow.com, famous TV Actor Yannick Bisson's net worth is $1 Million - $5 Million. Born: Yannick D. Bisson () May 16, 1969 (age 51) Montreal, Quebec. Canadian actor best known for his starring role on the series Murdoch Mysteries. Off-screen, he's a busy director, mountain biker, charity fundraiser, husband and father of three daughters. Yannick Bisson was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada on Friday, May 16, 1969. For Bisson, who had her first child at 19 and the next … GET NUMBER. They have three children. Yannick Bisson 'It is tough and exhausting sometimes': Shantelle Bisson shares her top piece of parenting advice. Childhood. Yannick Bisson estimated Net Worth, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & many more details have been updated below. Yannick Bisson, Actor: Murdoch Mysteries. Yannick Bisson: Született: 1969. május 16. Híresebb szerepei William Murdoch a Murdoch nyomozó rejtélyeiből, valamint Jack … Yannick Bisson is a very beautiful and talented actor; he is truly an icon of Canadian television. Yannick D. Bisson net worth is. He first … In Murdoch Mysteries he … Compare. May 16, 1969 (age 51) 5' 9" (1.75 m) Other popular celebrities. A post shared by Yannick Bisson (@yannick_bisson) on Aug 7, 2020 at 6:33am PDT. Yannick D. 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I've been asked about my favourite place in Canada a bunch of times over the years, and for a long time I told people I loved going to British Columbia — it's one of the most beautiful places on Earth, never mind … We use … Sharing this hectic life is Yannick's wife of […] Search … There's nothing like a pandemic to have all of us taking stock. ALSO READ| Aditi Rao Hydari's Maha Samudram Cast Gets Addition, Makers Rope In Anu Emmanuel For Lead. $5 Million. How a magical spot in Ontario's Kawartha region captured the CBC star's heart. Star Yannick Bisson returns to the director's chair for the first two episodes of the season. See more ideas about murdoch mysteries, murdock mysteries, detective shows. Bisson originally set out to write a book about not losing your cool while moving — she loves moving homes, she and Yannick own multiple residences and the couple recently purchased and renovated their "forever home" in Toronto — but changed her mind when she noticed a number of her friends becoming first-time parents in their 40s.
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text:
ON THE HISTORY HIGHWAY, Day 50 : Saratoga Springs to Lake George, NY Our day started with a visit to the Saratoga Monument in nea...
Giving a Traitor the Boot
Thursday, May 03, 2012 Road Junkies 0 Comments
ON THE HISTORY HIGHWAY, Day 50:
Saratoga Springs to Lake George, NY
Our day started with a visit to the Saratoga Monument in nearby Schuylerville. One hundred years after the pivotal American victory in the Battle of Saratoga, local citizens united to build a 155-foot granite monument to honor the victory. Unfortunately, visitors cannot climb the stairs to the top until summer season begins on Memorial Day.
We letterboxed our way from the memorial to the Saratoga National Historic Park in nearby Stillwell. Fully expecting to be met with another "Open Memorial Day to Labor Day" sign, we were pleasantly surprised to find the historic park open. One of the friendly park rangers greeted us and eagerly shared some informed tips on how to make the most of the driving tour, even if we didn't have time to drive the entire route. We continue to be impressed with how knowledgeable the park rangers are at the sites we have visited.
From the visitors center we could see a group of middle schoolers getting a lesson on colonial battle styles, and the ranger advised us about when the student groups would be changing activities and the noise level to expect when that occurred.
Not that we wouldn't love to hang out with a group of adolescents, but we took off for the driving tour while they were still at the visitor center. At stop 4 on the driving tour is a spot where Benedict Arnold was wounded in the leg. A century after the event, John Watts de Peyster, a New York author and military critic who had wrangled a position in the Saratoga Monument Association, donated a memorial known as the Boot Monument to commemorate Arnold's wounding at the battle.
Not so anonymous boot monument
As the man whose name has become synonymous with treachery and treason in American history, Arnold is not mentioned by name on the monument. Rather, de Peyster offered this glowing anonymous tribute:
the "most brilliant soldier" of the
Continental Army
who was desperately wounded
on this spot, the sally port of
Burgoyne's Great Western Redoubt
winning for his countrymen
the Decisive Battle of the
and for himself the rank of
Major General.
Returning to Saratoga Springs, we visited Saratoga Spa State Park, which we found to be quite a cut above the typical state park we have encountered. With luxury facilities, two golf courses, two theaters, and at least two baths and museums, the park has been recognized as a National Historic Landmark.
While at the park, we located a couple of letterboxes, one in a forest that was littered with tiny maple trees, about 2 inches in diameter and 15 to 20 feet tall. The other was near a golf course and spring. Close to the box location, we spied a groundhog, who scampered quickly away as we walked in his direction. Returning to the car, we spied another groundhog, who ran to the edge of a grove of trees and stopped. He watched us as I crept ever closer, taking photos of him.
Finally I reached his tipping point and he darted down into his tunnel, which, unbeknownst to us, was right in front of where he had stopped to stare us down. It certainly was humbling to be outwitted by a woodchuck.
After an excellent lunch at Wheatfield's and one last letterbox in Saratoga Springs, we headed north for Lake George where we'll spend the next couple of days. Between the two towns lay the Grant Cottage, where Ulysses S. Grant spent his final days. Following the signs to the Grant Cottage from the town of Wilton, we were scratching our heads when the signs pointed the way to the guardhouse for Mt. McGregor Correctional Facility.
When we told the guard we would like to visit the Grant Cottage, he barked that it wasn't open and when we asked, he replied that of course, we couldn't just drive by it, so we continued to Lake George. After arriving at our hotel, we did our laundry, ate our dinner from the local grocery store salad bar, and rested up for some exploration of the Adirondacks tomorrow.


The first national air traffic control simulator developed with local resources went into service after getting successfully installed in a Turkish airport's training and simulator facilities says the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK).
TUBITAK said in a written statement that the first national air traffic control simulator system (atcTRsim) has several simulators such as approach, area control radar simulator and aerodrome control simulator having 360 degree visual range.
As part of their cooperation, TUBITAK and State Airports Administration developed the simulator, which was installed in Ankara Esenboğa International Airport's training and simulator facilities.
New airports' 3D models and changes in airspace can be easily added on the atcTRsim.
The system can be used for basic and advanced air traffic controllers' training programs, airspace structuring and modification.
Önceki: Turkey's automotive production up by 31 pct for Jan.


The design of our classic candle jars reflects a warm, relaxed sense of style that's always at home. Each of our jar candles is made with premium-grade paraffin wax, and each wick is straightened by hand to ensure the very best quality burn.
Rose gold plated stud earrings with a protective anti tarnish layer, titanium posts, butterfly backs, presented in a Newbridge Silverware gift box. Product dimensions 5mm stud.
Silver plated bracelet with a protective anti tarnish layer, clear Cubic Zirconia stone settings, presented in a Newbridge Silverware gift box. Product dimensions length 165mm plus a 50mm extension chain.
Vintage style brooch with natural shell pearls coated with mother of pearl and polished to the final shape.


text:
Bomb Girls: Trading Aprons for Ammo
Reviewed by Laina Hughes
by Barbara Dickson
288 pages, $26.99
The phrase "bomb girls" conjures up all sorts of glamorous images: rows of ingenues coquettishly sweating on a factory line, powered by sassy grit and girlish determination. Perhaps the tragedies of war are easier to digest when we personify the war effort via characters such as plucky young dames with shiny curls and lipstick, rolling up their sleeves to help the boys overseas.
Historian Barbara Dickson's Bomb Girls: Trading Aprons for Ammo strips away such stereotypes and gets to the truth of the matter, as she describes the reality of munitions makers in Second World War-era North America.
Dickson focuses on Canada's largest fusefilling munitions factory, in Scarborough, Ontario. Bomb Girls offers a rare account of the experiences of more than twenty thousand women and men who risked their lives daily while handling high explosives in a committed effort to help to win the war.
The true story, as illustrated here, is far more compelling than the manufactured images. Bomb Girls reads more like a novel than a work of non-fiction and describes the degree to which individuals will come together in support in times of crisis.
M4 Sherman Tanks
Book Review: The development and production of this iconic tank is undoubtedly an American story, but once the Sherman was distributed among the Allies its story became much broader: It was no longer just America's tank.
Stopping the Panzers
Book Review: Stopping the Panzers is a highly informative, detailed, and descriptive account of the defence of Operation Overlord. It is in many ways a story of tank warfare and how the Canadian Armoured Corps was not "cowed" by the panzers but instead went toe-to-toe with the most fearsome tanks of the Second World War — and won.
Sam Steele
Book Review: Rod Macleod's new biography of Sam Steele follows the rise of one of Canada's most famous Mounties.
Book Review: Cobalt, Ontario, is the "cradle of Canadian mining," suggests New Democrat Member of Parliament Charlie Angus as he describes in his book how the town's silver rush in the early twentieth century gave rise to the Toronto Stock Exchange.
Wrestling with Colonialism on Steroids
Book Review: In his memoir, entitled Wrestling with Colonialism on Steroids, writer and broadcaster Zebedee Nungak shares with readers both a history of Nunavik (the Arctic region of Quebec) and his first-hand experience of the James Bay hydroelectric project in the early 1970s.
Queen of The Maple Leaf
Book Review: Beauty pageants in twentieth- century Canada may have seemed like frivolous entertainment. However, according to the new book Queen of the Maple Leaf: Beauty Contests and Settler Femininity, contests searching for the "ideal Canadian girl" also functioned as tools to reinforce gender, race, and class anxieties in a white settler society.


text:
Q: parent child conditional statements scraping websites with python and selenium I'm trying to scrape product reviews from a website using python3 and selenium chromedriver.
Embedded in these reviews are company responses (remove these). These company responses are easily identifiable because the title of the content is always "response from company x".
So I'd like a python3 function along the lines of:
if 'response from company x' not in mydriver.find_element_by_class_name('bv_content_title').text:
    search for child classes of ('bv_content_core')
    append child class ('bv_content_review_text') to list

I'm having trouble using parent child relationships as related to "class" in the HTML. Should I name the parent ('bv_content_core'), then search through all child classes of core to string match? Is there an easier way using XPath parent/childs?

A: Not sure what you are after I presume list.
if 'response from company x' not in mydriver.find_element_by_class_name('bv_content_title').text:
    mylist=mydriver.find_elements_by_css_selector('.bv_content_core .bv_content_review_text')
    print(mylist)

Or try second one.
if 'response from company x' not in mydriver.find_element_by_class_name('bv_content_title').text:
    parent=mydriver.find_element_by_css_selector('.bv_content_core')
    mylist=[]
    for child in parent.find_elements_by_css_selector('.bv_content_review_text'):
         mylist.append(child.text)


text:
A film series presenting recent, internationally-acclaimed and award-winning Latin American films, specially curated for the Queen City
That's a wrap! The 2nd edition of the Cine Casual Film Series is in the books. Thank you to everyone who joined us – community partners, volunteers and moviegoers! Stay tuned for more Latin American film screenings later this year!
«[The Cine Casual Film Series] has become a powerful staple of the Charlotte film scene, screening films that may have skipped the Queen City entirely without their efforts.»
Charlotte is Creative
Date Venue Film
Saturday, May 21 (6 PM) Midwood International Center
1817 Central Ave., Charlotte, NC 28205 Opening Night:
Hecho Aquí: Shorts Showcase
Saturday, June 4 (4:30 PM)
Doors open at 4 PM Camp North End
1824 Statesville Ave., Charlotte, NC 28206 Sergio & Sergei
@ Havana Night
Saturday, June 11 (6 PM)
Doors open at 5:30 PM Little Rock Cultural Center
401 N. Myers St., Charlotte, NC 28202 El Otro Tom (The Other Tom)
Friday, June 17 (7 PM)
Reception at 6 PM Independent Picture House
4237 Raleigh St., Charlotte, NC 28213 Perfume de Gardenias
Saturday, June 18 (6:30 PM)
Doors open at 6 PM Independent Picture House
4237 Raleigh St., Charlotte, NC 28213 Closing Night:
Don't want to miss out on any of the action?
Get an All-Access Pass and secure your seat at every screening, plus get a limited edition Cine Casual t-shirt!
The Magic Kite (2021) by Rosalía Torres-Weiner
Chilly & Milly (2021) by William D. Caballero
Abuela (2021) by Sean Burleson
The Final Note (2022) by ÚltimaNota
Four stories based in NC: a magic kite that reunites a family torn apart by deportation; an animated documentary about a devoted caretaker, her chronically ill husband, and the power of undying love; a behind the scenes look at Charlotte's vibrant Latin music scene and the making of an album during the COVID-19 pandemic; and a grandson's innocent recounting of him and his abuela's journey, filled with tragic losses and new found hope.
Sergio & Sergei
Cuba, Spain, 2017 🇨🇺 🇪🇸
Dir. Ernesto Daranas
Comedy | 93 mins | Spanish with English Subtitles
In 1991, the USSR is falling apart and Cuba enters its hardest economic crisis. Sergio, a professor of Marxism who can't provide for his family, and Sergei, a Soviet cosmonaut stranded in the Mir space station, share a common passion: amateur radio. Through this hobby, both men will be able to help each other in facing the dramatic changes of their countries.
El Otro Tom (The Other Tom)
Mexico, USA, 2021 🇲🇽 🇺🇸
Dir. Laura Santullo & Rodrigo Plá
Drama | 111 mins | English and Spanish with Subtitles
Presented by Blue Cross NC
Elena is a single mother who relies on Social Services. Her son Tom has behavioral issues and is stigmatized at school as a "problem child" in the border city of El Paso, Texas. An absent father further complicates their difficult relationship. Tom is diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and prescribed psychiatric medication, but a strange accident alerts his mother as to its side effects. When Elena refuses to continue administering the drugs to Tom, Social Services threaten to remove him from her custody.
Perfume de Gardenias
Puerto Rico, Colombia, 2021 🇵🇷 🇨🇴
Dir. Macha Colón
Comedy, Drama | 97 mins | Spanish with English Subtitles
After an elderly Puerto Rican widow crafts a beautiful custom-made funeral for her husband, she gets enlisted to put her unusual talents to design customized, idiosyncratic funerals for her ailing neighbors.
Brazil, 2021 🇧🇷
Dir. Anita Rocha da Silveira
Fantasy, Thriller | 129 mins | Portuguese with English Subtitles
Today, Brazil. Mariana, 21 years old, belongs to a world where she must do her utmost to keep up the appearance of a perfect woman. In order to resist temptation, she and her girlfriends try their best to control everything and everyone around them. And that includes the town sinners. At night, the girl squad put on masks, hunt and beat up all women who have deviated from the right path. However, the day will come when the urge to scream will be stronger than it ever has been…
The second edition of the Cine Casual Film Series is supported by the North Carolina Arts Council, a division of the Department of Natural and Cultural Resources, and by Knight Foundation.
Cine Casual Film Series in the news…📰
The Charlotte Observer (5/25/22)
Charlotte's only movie theater dedicated to independent films finally sets opening date
Progreso Hispano News (5/20/22)
Festival de cine latino en Charlotte
Axios Charlotte (5/20/22)
Latin American cinema and other speed reads
WFAE, Charlotte's NPR News Source (5/19/22)
Watch internationally acclaimed Latin American movies at upcoming film series
Charlotte on the Cheap (5/18/22)
Cine Casual Film Series presenting internationally-acclaimed Latin American films
Latin American film festival returns to Charlotte with 'rich and diverse' movies
Voz-es (5/16/22)
Cine Casual; acercando el séptimo arte latino a Charlotte
Enlace Latino NC (5/14/22)
Segunda edición de "Cine Casual Film Series" en Charlotte
La Noticia Charlotte (5/13/2022)
Presentan en Charlotte un ciclo de cine hecho por y para latinos: Cine Casual Film Series
WSOC/Telemundo Charlotte (5/13/2022)
Lo mejor del cine latinoamericano regresa a Charlotte
Qué Pasa Mi Gente (5/12/2022)
Cine Casual regresa a Charlotte con películas latinoamericanas
HOLA News Charlotte (5/6/2022)
Regresan las series de películas de Cine Casual
Listin Diario (3/15/2020)
Cine Dominicano participa en conferencia en EE.UU.
The Charlotte Observer (3/11/2020)
This artist has much to say about gender roles. You can see it in her latest paintings
WFAE, Charlotte's NPR News Source (3/5/2020)
Weekend In Entertainment: Latin American Film Series, Samba Social, Miles Davis & More!
CLTure (3/2/2020)
The Cine Casual Film Series shines light on award-winning Latin American films
Telemundo Charlotte (1/24/2020)
Clip from Local Newscast
WSOC TV (1/24/2020)
El cine latino llega a Charlotte con títulos de renombre
Charlotte Five (1/23/2020)
Your 5-minute guide to the best things to do in Charlotte | Jan. 24-30
Charlotte is Creative (1/7/2020)
Hug Life: Cine Casual's New Film Series For A New Year
The Charlotte Observer/Charlotte Five (1/6/2020)
A woman saw her father murdered then met his killer, so she made a movie.
Arts & Science Council (12/30/2019)
20 Cultural Experiences to Start Your 2020
HOLA News (12/30/2019)
De película en la Ciudad Reina
CLT en Español (12/29/2019)
Avalancha de Cine Latino se avecina


I told myself many times before, do not futurize. Do not think you can predict the future because you can not control what happens. These were insights from from a defensive position. When you go on the offensive and you want to achieve something, you WANT and HAVE to control the future. Simply because you need the right circumstances for your plan to succeed. The more you have thought about everything that could happen, based on real-life and up-to-date information, the better you could control the outcome. If you are a leader who wants to make your goals happen, you have got to decide for yourself what your future looks like. You can not allow the world to decide for you, as that makes you a follower.


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Daniel Fischmann on Breaking Smart Contracts
Daniel Fischmann is lead auditor of ChainSecurity, based in Zurich, Switzerland, where he has investigated security guarantees for Augur, Kyber Network and DAOStack, among others.
David Stainton Explained Mix Network
Security researcher David Stainton is a proponent of the cypherpunk movement and of anonymity networks for the purpose of enabling greater freedom of communication. He works on the Panoramix project, where he designs and develops the Katzenpost decryption mix network. He has also volunteered code contributions to Tahoe-LAFS, the Subgraph OS and the Tor Project.
Decentralization and Privacy
Reuben Yap is COO for the anonymous cryptocurrency Zcoin. Reuben has played a central role in shaping the project's strategy and vision since joining the team in October 2016. He was previously a corporate lawyer as well as co-founder of BolehVPN, a privacy-focused VPN provider who was also the first merchant to accept Bitcoin in Malaysia.
Decentralized Databases
Neeraj Murarka is co-founder and CTO of Bluzelle Networks, which produces a decentralized database based on blockchain technology. He previously led the development of in-flight entertainment systems for Lufthansa in collaboration with Panasonic avionics and worked as a senior engineer in the video game industry for Mattel interactive, Mindscape Entertainment, Zynga, and Sierra Online.
Decentralized Energy
Micha Roon is the CTO of the Energy Web Foundation and the Share&Charge Foundation. He is an authority on energy grid decarbonization, electrical vehicle charging and the tokenization of renewable energy.
Stani Kulechov is CEO of ETHLend, a peer-to-peer decentralized lending platform based on Ethereum smart contracts. It raised $18 million in its crowdsale in November 2017, and has done more than 12000 ETH worth of loans (nearly $55 million as of June 2018) with a total value of over $10 million.
Decentralized Megabytes
Guy Zbarsky is founder of KeepGo, a decentralized market for trading your mobile megabytes. He also has undergraduate degrees in Computer Science and Mechanical Engineering and an MBA from the Technion Institute of Technology in Israel.
Decentralized Storage to Protect Data Privacy
Evgeny Ponomarev is the CEO of Fluence. He first became involved with cryptocurrencies in 2011, and mined his first bitcoins on a CPU. He previously worked as product manager for an app which had 250 million users at a telco operator at Meforo in San Francisco.
Democracy By Design
Professor Jeremy Pitt is Professor of Intelligent and Self-Organizing Systems in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Imperial College London, where he is also Deputy Head of the Intelligent Systems and Networks Group. He is an authority on self-organizing autonomous networks, self-governance and Democracy by Design.
Digital Currency Revolution
Held in Amsterdam on the first Wednesday of the month Bitcoin Wednesday is The Netherlands' longest-running monthly conference for digital currencies. The topics covered during this event — from technology to economy, […]


Have you always thought that you could have the wonderful relationship that you always longed for if only the other person didn't behave in such a challenging way? Are you at a point in your life where you are thinking, "Maybe it's me?".
Well... you are right and you are right! If the other person was the way that you wanted him or her to be, you would have more of what you wanted in the relationship. You're right! And, if most of your relationships have been filled with drama and disappointment, then the common factor is who? You. You're right, again!
Don't worry! There is good news. Though you do not have the ability to change others, you can have healthy and happy relationships both in your personal and your professional life. If that's what you truly want than there are changes that you can make within yourself that can lead to having what you long for.
The main reason that you bring in , and keep, the wrong people in your life is because you allow it. You allow it because underneath...deep down..you do not believe that you deserve or can have what you really wish for. This belief was created sometime in your past. The great thing about beliefs is that they can be changed. You have the ability to create new beliefs...and right now!
The first step to having what you want is this awareness. When you first meet someone, instead of being concerned about what he or she thinks of you, ask yourself the following questions.
Do I like how I am being treated?
What has the person accomplished? Do I respect the choices made?
So often, we are concerned with whether the other person likes us that we never even stop to ask ourselves these questions. And if we do, we don't listen to the answers that we receive. Has that happened to you?
Have you closed your eyes to the reality that was right in front of you? Have you continued to go out with people after learning enough to make you want to run the other way?
Have no fear. There is hope!
The first step, to having the healthy and happy relationship that you want, you have actually already taken. Awareness is the first step to change. It takes a lot of courage to take this step and you have just taken it!
Now you are ready to start on a new path. A path that will lead to the fulfilling relationships that you desire. Your authentic path. Now is the time to change the beliefs that have blocked you and limited you for so long.
Allow yourself to believe that you deserve it.
Allow yourself to believe that it is actually possible to have.
Pay attention to the next person of interest that comes into your life and keep your eyes open.
If you don't like what you see, trust yourself...and RUN!
If you like what you see, take your time. Choose wisely.
With each new step you take, you will continue to gain more insights into the reasons why you have been bringing in the wrong people, and may have even kept them in your life, and will receive the gifts, the life tools, that will allow you to make different choices.
If you want to gain a deeper understanding of the choices you have made in the past, of the beliefs that are interfering presently in your life, and to experience the shift in your relationship, please join us, on Friday evenings from 7:30 to 9:00 p.m. beginning September 9, 2016 for the fun and unique workshop, Creating Your Authentic Relationships.
I look forward to taking the next steps with you on your new path!


Essentials medication (First Aid) such as Antiseptic, and digestion aid.
Concerning any doubt, don't hesitate to email us ([email protected]) with the list of your questions, equities about specific items. Try to gather all your questions in one email.
Almost every item you might need is generally available in South India, and especially Auroville, although perhaps under different brands. It's not a wild and primitive area; every essential need can be satisfied!


QDY type double girder casting crane is the main overhead lifting equipment used for steelmaking and continuous casting process. The casting bridge crane offers great protection and high-level efficiency in areas where the high temperature and dust present. It can lift and transport liquid steel ladle in a greater speed and efficiency than its single girder counterpart, making it ideal for heavy duty or severe lifting requirements.
The casting overhead crane is capable of lifting a substantial amount of weight, usually is a range of 5 tons to 320 tons, and the work duty is A7. Thus the double girder casting crane can adapt to a much worse working environment.
This particular double girder overhead crane is extensively used in many industrial fields, such as steel mills, petrochemical plants, foundries, power plants and other general industries. The environmental conditions where the crane is employed are severe, such as high heat and dust. And also the ladle crane undertakes frequent and heavy duty lifting tasks in such environments.
Basically the temperature of the crane working environment is -10~ + 60℃, and when the temperature reaches +40℃, the relatively humidity should be no more than 50%.
Main beam – insulation layer will be added to the bottom of the main beam so as to provide excellent resistance to heat and protect the crane bridge girder.
Hoist trolley – this unit uses forged hook and steel core wire rope. The hoisting mechanism adopts double brakes to ensure a safe lifting operation. Other options for casting crane hook include rotary spreader, load weighing and display.
Crane travelling mechanism – forged or rolled wheels are adopted.
Electrical device – the overhead crane adopts H-class insulation motor and heat resistant cables.
Cabin – add insulation layer to the driver's cabin.
Advanced design and novel structure.
Easy operation and accurate positioning.
Long working life and easy maintenance.
Overload limiter. In the event of overload, the hoisting mechanism will switch off and only move downward.
Travelling limit switch. It is used to limit the crane travelling.
Anti-collision device. It can be equipped when two or more bridge cranes are mounted to the same runway.
Emergency stop button. In case of emergency, all movements can be stopped.
Safety hook latch. It can be used to avoid loads falling off from the hook.
Anti-falling protection device for crane and trolley three-in-one motor.
Dafang group is recognized as a leading overhead crane manufacturer and supplier in China. With more than 10 years of efforts and practices in the crane industry, we have become a trusted and competitive manufacturer enterprise. We can guarantee quality products, fast delivery and reliable service. To learn more about double girder casting crane, contact us freely.


As most of you must be aware of it, the dooms day for the Internet is about to come very soon if, we are not united together for what is going to happen. There had been a bill passed in the US, which will enable the government of US to censor the internet just like China does, for its citizens.
This bill has been signed by many powerful senators of both Republican and Democrats, which will expand the US governments vast regime, to further censor the Internet. The Combating Online Infringement and Counterfeits Act (COICA) was introduced on September 2010 and there will be a hearing in front of the Judiciary Committee this Thursday.
If passed, this law will allow the government, under the command of the media companies, to censor the internet as they see fit, like China and Iran do, with the difference that the sites they decide to censor will be completely removed from the internet and not just in the US.
COICA will be creating two blacklist of Internet domains. The ruling court Courts can add sites to the first list; the Attorney General would have control over the second. Internet service providers and others (everyone from Comcast to PayPal to Google AdSense) would be required to block any domains on the first list. They would also receive immunity (and presumably the good favor of the government) if they block domains on the second list.
The list would contain sites which are booked for infringing activity. But here's the catch, don't even think that this would only include websites catering Pirated or underground materials, but that's defined very broadly -- any domain name where counterfeit goods or copyrighted material are "central to the activity of the Internet site" could be blocked.
An example of what that reflects in practice is: sites like and not bound to YouTube could be censored in the US. Copyright holders like Viacom often argue copyrighted material is central to the activity of YouTube. But under current US law, YouTube is perfectly legal as long as they take down copyrighted material when they're informed about it -- which is why Viacom lost to YouTube in court.
More worser than above is that even if Viacom couldn't get a court to put censorship of a YouTube or a similar site, the DOJ could put it on the second blacklist and encourage ISPs to block it even without a court order. (ISPs have many reason to abide the will of the powerful DOJ, even if the law doesn't formally need them to do so.).
Th e pass of Act S.3804 or COICA would be a major blow to the growth and development of the Internet world, and also curtail the freedom of speech on the internet world. However there had been a progress from the side of the users as the Senate Judiciary Committee postponed the scheduled markup of the Internet censorship bill went home for the October recess.
How To Submit A Petition Against It?
You can just sign up in the below website and they will send your voice to Washington. Please do register in it if you are a US citizen.
Also if you are an US citizen, you can send a petition to your senator form the below link.
Please do tweet and spread this post as it requires a great deal of attention. Once the bill is passed, the internet will be moving to a dark age.
Next articleBloggers!!! Beware Of Copycats. They Will Steal Your Traffic & Your credits!!!


Me and the fuury gang in my home!
Hello, I'm new and would like to introduce myself.
I introduced you to me and now I would like to introduce you to my babies.
Just want to indroduce myself, and say HI !
A little more about me!!
New member here to say Hey!
hi. i am mustafa from Turkey.
Joined to find help! Ajji had surgery.


After 25 years, Arturo Rodriguez is stepping down as president of the United Farm Workers Union. Replacing him is the union's secretary and treasurer, Teresa Romero. She will be the union's first immigrant woman to take over the nationwide union co-founded by the late labor and civil rights leader Cesar Chavez.
NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement, is getting rebranded by the Trump administration. Trump is now calling it the "United States-Mexico Trade Agreement," after saying that the United States needs to renegotiate the trade package. But the administration appears to be moving forward without Canada, which is the second-biggest trading partner with the U.S. Experts say this bilateral move could be good for California.
More Californians would be prohibited from buying guns under Legislation passed by the state Assembly Monday.
An Assembly committee has upheld the findings of a sexual misconduct investigation against former Assemblyman Matt Dababneh. The Woodland Hills Democrat left office under the cloud of a #MeToo scandal.
Nearly half of working Californians are grappling with poverty, according to a new survey from the non-partisan, D.C.-based Public Religion Research Institute.
The Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority recently reported that the total number of homeless people in L.A. County fell since last year. But they also discovered a disturbing trend: the only group in L.A. that is experiencing homelessness more than last year is senior citizens, people aged 60 and over.
Multiple large wildfires continue to fill the West Coast skies with thick smoke. On the California-Oregon border, many people have been wearing smoke-filtering masks almost every day for more than a month. As the saying goes, necessity is the mother of invention.
What do Michael Jackson and "Weird Al" Yankovich have in common? Not only have both artists had top forty singles in each of the last four decades, now each have stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.


Successful organizations know that the demand for skilled, experienced, and well-rounded accounting and finance professionals is fierce in today's marketplace. Companies need reliable, business-savvy talent to help them compete in their dynamic and challenging environments.
Our Accounting & Finance recruiting specialists bring a degree of professionalism and a wealth of experience to every assignment. Combining a focused set of skills and relevant knowledge with a passion for success, they are prepared to deliver unparalleled results.


Rawlings Official Major League Baseball has been hand-signed in blue ink pen by Salvador Perez. (Royals) Please note there are marks on the ball.
Rawlings Official Major League Baseball has been hand-signed in blue ink pen by Robinson Cano (Yankees).