Fagus orientalis Lipsky, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 14: 300 1898.
Fagus sylvatica subsp. orientalis (Lipsky) Greuter & Burdet, Willdenowia 11: 279. 1981.
Fagus sylvatica var. asiatica A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 119 (1864).
Fagus sylvatica var. macrophylla Hohen. ex A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 118 (1864).
Fagus sieboldii var. asiatica (A.DC.) Koehne, Deut. Dendrol.: 121 (1893).
Fagus sieboldii var. macrophylla (Hohen. ex A.DC.) Koehne, Deut. Dendrol.: 121 (1893).
Fagus hohenackeriana Palib., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 378 (1908).
Fagus macrophylla (Hohen. ex A.DC.) Koidz., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 30: 95 (1916), non Unger (1854), fossil name.
Fagus pyramidalis Litv., Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 15: 125 (1916).
Fagus hohenackeri Palib. ex Grossh., Trudy Bot. Sada S.S.R. Armen. 2: 21 (1930).
Fagus orientalis var. dentata V.V.Byalt & Firsov, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 45: 24 (2014).
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Fagus orientalis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 October 26.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Fagus orientalis. Published online. Accessed 26 October 2018.
For more multimedia, look at Fagus orientalis on Wikimedia Commons.
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text:
New evidence will blow your mind about Dinosaur and many Inventions existed Millions of years ago.
1-ICA, Peru—Engaving shows Dinosaur coexisted with human.
There is a small Peruvian town of Ica, situated in the Nazca Desert about 5 hours by bus from Lima. It has a Museo Cabrera, that houses engraved stones of Ica, and it will blow your mind and Darvin theory and new science theory that disproves Dinosaur and humans coexistance.
It has more than 10,000 stones of varying sizes with black, smooth surface engraved with figures.
Dr. Javier Cabrera Darquea, who collected and studied the stones for 37 years, got a small stone as a gift for his birthday. Surprised by its weight and design, he started collecting and studying the stones.
The drawing on this stone shows a dinosaur eating a human that
led some people to think that there were humans 65 million years ago.
(Courtesy of Eugenia Cabrera/Museo Cabrera)
Eugenia Cabrera C., director of the museum and daughter of Dr. Cabrera, said that her father conducted an analysis on the stones and found that they are a common type of rock called andesite, coated with a special layer on the surface, which made them black and smooth and probably gave them the extra weight.
Top left: Relief carving at Angkor Wat, Cambodia (1186 A.D.). Top Right: Textile
from Nazca, Peru (700 A.D.). Bottom: Tapestry in the Chateau de Blois (1500 A.D.)
He speculated that the layer may have been soft at first, which allowed people to draw the figures on it, and later became hard. To this day, the coating is still on the stones, allowing us to see the figures.
On the stones are drawings of human figures, plants, animals, and abstract symbols. The humans are wearing headdresses, clothes, and shoes. Some stones depict scenes similar to today's blood transfusions, organ transplants, and birth through caesarian section.
After excavation , it proves that Dinosaurs did not extint 65 millions of years ago, infact they existed 33500 years ago per A triceratops brow horn discovered in Dawson County, Mont. Scientists from the Paleochronology Group, who perform research relating to "anomalies of science," maintain that dinosaurs did not die out millions of years ago and that there is substantial evidence that they were still alive as recently as 23,000 years ago.The sample was sent to the University of Georgia, Center for Applied Isotope Studies, for this purpose. The sample was divided at the lab into two fractions with the "bulk" or collagen break down products yielding an age of 33,570 ± 120 years and the carbonate fraction of bone bioapatite yielding an age of 41,010 ± 220 years [UGAMS-11752 & 11752a]. Mr Miller told Ancient Origins that it is always desirable to carbon-14 date several fractions to minimize the possibility of errors, which Miller requested, and that essential concordance was achieved in the 1000s of years as with all bone fractions of ten other dinosaurs.
Numerous carbon dating proves C-14 tests have now been carried out on dinosaur bones, and surprisingly, they all returned results dating back in the thousands rather than millions of years.
Read the original at Ancient Origins.
Several stones show people with a telescope observing star constellations, planets, and comets.
The animals resemble cows, deer, and giraffes, among others. Some also resemble trilobites, extinct fish, and other animals with which we are not familiar. Most surprisingly, several stones show humans trying to kill, or being eaten by, dinosaurs.
A figure engraved on a stone believed to be as old as 65 million years holds a telescope, an invention believed to be created in 1609 by Galileo. (Courtesy of Eugenia Cabrera/Museo Cabrera)
Dr. Dennis Swift, who studied archeology at the University of New Mexico, documented in his book Secrets of the Ica Stones and Nazca Lines evidence that the stones date back to Pre-Columbian times.
Based on the drawings' content, some believe that the stones are from 65 million years ago, before dinosaurs became extinct, and that there were people existing at that time—the ones who produced the stones.
These can not be considered as fakes because in the 1960s, paleontologists thought dinosaurs walked dragging their tails, and the stones depict the dinosaurs holding their tails up.
However, it was later discovered that dinosaurs actually walked without their tails touching the ground. "Now we know the paleontologists were wrong. The Ica Stones were right," wrote Swift.
-Telescope-Peruvian Stone engraving Showing Ancient Telescope, Modern-Style Clothing-So Galleo was not inventor of TELESCOPE.
When you look at these engravings-you will forget that it was Galleo Galilei invented the telescope in 1609. A stone believed to have been engraved as long as 65 million years ago,shows evidence that Mayans in Peru used to know telescope.
See more cave art in Indonesia>40,000 years ago, changes conception of human beings history as is told-
-Advanced Culture in Cave Paintings.
These paintings from more than 30,000 years ago in the caves of Europe in the 19th century, has busted the commonly accepted understanding of prehistory.Emile Cartailhac,is now considered a founding father of cave art studies.
The first paintings were discovered by Don Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola, a Spanish nobleman, and his daughter, Maria, in 1879 in the Altamira cave. They showed an unexpected sophistication.
The discovery was dismissed, until the early 20th century when Cartailhac published paintings.
Iron Piller in Delhi,India
The La Marche caves in west-central France contain depictions over 14,000 years old of people with short hair, groomed beards, tailored clothing, riding horseback and suited in modern style—a far cry from the animal-skin loin cloths we usually imagine were confirmed as genuine in 2002.
>500 million year old metallic vessel was found after an explosion of rock in Dorchester,Mass., in 1852. A Scientific American article from June 5, 1852, quotes the Boston Transcript: "This curious and unknown vessel was blown out of the solid pudding stone, fifteen feet below the surface. … There is no doubt but that this curiosity was blown out of the rock" (See full article below). The rock in question was determined to be from the Neoproterozoic era, that is from 541 million to a billion years ago.It is still controversial though.
-Ancient mystic metallurgy if India- Iron Piller OF Delhi-
It is >1,500 years old and , it is so impenetrable to corrosion that even modern technology fails to match it.
sultanganj buddha
The 24-foot pillar is 99.72 percent iron, according to Professor A.P. Gupta, Head of the Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities at the Institute of Technology and Management in India.
In modern times, wrought iron has been made with a purity of about 99–99.8 percent, but it contains manganese and sulfur, two ingredients absent in the pillar. The pillar was also coated in a protective oxide film. It is unlike anything produced today.
An inscription on it dates to about 400 A.D. but it was common at the time to re-erect old pillars with new inscriptions declaring victory in battle or some other triumph.
Sultanganj Buddha, which was cast of pure copper and weighs more than a ton, is some 1,500 years old and "no scientific explanation has yet been made in regard to how it was built at such an early date."
150,000-Year-Old Pipes were found in a mysterious pyramid in China's Qinghai Province near Mount Baigong are three caves filled with pipes leading to a nearby salt-water lake. There are also pipes under the lake bed and on the shore. The iron pipes range in size, with some smaller than a toothpick.
Dating done by the Beijing Institute of Geology determined these iron pipes were smelted about 150,000 years ago, if they were indeed made by humans, according to Brian Dunning of Skeptoid.com.
The dating was done using thermoluminescence, a technique that determines how long ago crystalline mineral was exposed to sunlight or heated. Humans are only thought to have inhabited the region for the past 30,000 years. Even within the known history of the area, the only humans to inhabit the region were nomads whose lifestyle would not leave any such structures behind.
The state-run news agency Xinhua in China reported on the pyramid, the pipes, and the research began by a team scientists sent to investigate in 2002.
2000 year old battery in Iraq-
They are composed of clay jars with asphalt stoppers. Iron rods stick through the stoppers and are surrounded by copper. The jars were filled with vinegar or wine or some other acidic substance, as shown by corrosion of the interior. Vinegar or any other electrolytic solution could have helped the device produce electricity.
Smith College in Massachusetts reproduced the device. A post on the college's website explains: "There is no written record as to the exact function of the jar, but the best guess is that it was a type of battery. Scientists believe the batteries (if that is their correct function) were used to electroplate items such as putting a layer of one metal (gold) onto the surface of another (silver), a method still practiced in Iraq today."
LONDON Hammer Made 100 Million Years Ago?-A hammer was found in London, Texas, in 1934 encased in stone that had formed around it. The rock surrounding the hammer is said to be more than 100 million years old, suggesting the hammer was made well before humans who could have made such an object are thought to have existed.it was tested by Battelle Laboratory in Columbus, Ohio, a lab that has tested moon rocks for NASA. According to Baugh, the tests found the hammer to have unusual metallurgy—96.6 percent iron, 2.6 percent chlorine, 0.74 percent sulfur, and no carbon.
Carbon is usually what strengthens brittle iron, so it is strange that carbon is absent. Chlorine is not usually found in iron. The iron shows a high degree of craftsmanship without bubbles in the metal. Furthermore, it is said to be coated in an iron oxide that would not readily form under natural conditions and which prevents rust.
BRAIN SURGERY IN ANCIENT INDIA 2500 YEARS AGO-
Northern India, a surgeon named Sushruta, who lived between 600 to 1000 B.C., was developing and practicing plastic surgery and may have been the first plastic surgeon. He had many students who were required to study six years before practicing. Before the medical training would begin, Sushruta would make the student take a solemn oath, similar to the Hippocratic Oath developed by Hippocrates some time later. During training, the students would practice on watermelons, gourds, and cucumbers, according to the article "Sushruta: The first Plastic Surgeon in 600 B.C." in the Internet Journal of Plastic Surgery.
The doctor or doctors who performed the original trepanations performed the surgery in an area of the skull that minimized damage to the brain and assured longer survival.
Ancient Computer: Antikythera Mechanism Made in 150 BC found in Egypt-
The size of a modern laptop, the Antikythera Mechanism was made by the ancient Greeks, though it was found on a Roman ship. It could calculate astronomical changes with precision.
A diagram of the gears inside the Antikythera Mechanism. (Wikimedia Commons
The Antikythera Mechanism is a 2000-year-old mechanical device used to calculate the positions of the sun, moon, planets, and even the dates of the ancient Olympic Games. (Wikimedia Commons)
-A NEW SKULL FOUND CHANGED BIBLE ORIGIN ALSO, MEN IS ATLEAST >70,000 YRS
In 1959, in an area called Chalkidiki in Petralona, Northern Greece, a shepherd came across a small opening to a cave.The 'Petralona man', or Archanthropus of Petralona, as it has since been called, was found to be 700,000 years old, making it the oldest human europeoid (presenting European traits) of that age ever discovered in Europe beating AFRICAN ORIGIN.Research published in the US in 1971 in the prestigious Archaeology magazine, backed up the findings that the skull was indeed 700,000 years old. This was based on an analysis of the cave's stratigraphy and the sediment in which the skull was embedded within. Further research in the cave discovered isolated teeth and two pre-human skeletons dating back 800,000 years, as well as other fossils of various species.
Read the original
500,000-Year-Old Engraving Found- An engraving on a piece of ochre by Homo sapiens (modern man) was previously the oldest, dating from about 100,000 years ago. Two dating methods placed the simple zig-zag engravings on the shell between 540,000 to 430,000 years of age.
The shell came from an excavation site on the Indonesian island of Java and it was part of a collection at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden for more than a hundred years before the engraving was noticed. Researchers working with the shells were studying the clever way Homo erectus used a sharp tool, possibly a shark's tooth, to pinpoint a part of the mussel that would cause the shell to open if pressed.
2.8-Billion-Year-Old Spheres Found in South Africa?
According to Michael Cremo and other researchers of prehistoric culture, these spheres add to a body of evidence suggesting intelligent life existed on Earth long before a conventional view of history places it here.
Cremo has traveled the world gathering information on out-of-place artefacts (ooparts); he compiled his findings in the popular book, "Forbidden Archaeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race."
There is controversy if it is nature made or man made.
15,000-Year-Old Houses Found in Africa Show Advanced Skills of Prehistoric Society-
Polish archaeologists have uncovered remnants of 15,000-year-old sturdy and permanent structures in Sudan, Africa. They show a much more settled and advanced stage of human behavior than previously thought for the time.
These houses were made during the Late Palaeolithic era.It's the first evidence that Homo sapiens of the time "built sizable houses, planned distribution of a camp party with different functions, [and] adapted well to the wetland environment," in the Nile Valley, according to Polish science publication PAP.
STURGEON: 200 million years old
Many prehistoric animlas still lives along with humans-
MARTIALIS HEUREKA ANT: 120 million years old-in the Amazon forest.
GOBLIN SHARK: 125 million years old-
FRILLED SHARK: 150 million years old-
TUATARA: 200 million years old
JELLYFISH: 505 million years old
SPONGE: 760 million years old
HORSESHOE CRAB: 445 million years old
Scientist does not know how evolution works?-
Dr. Tour was confirmed as one of the 10 most-cited scientists in the world in 2010. His work on nanotechnology is world-renowned. He is a chemistry professor at Rice University, he received his Ph.D. in organic chemistry at Purdue University and was a post-doctoral Fellow at Stanford University.Scientist do not really know how evolution works.
SOURCE- Modified from epochtimes.Visit the Epoch Times Beyond Science page on Facebook, and subscribe to the Beyond Science newsletter to continue exploring ancient mysteries and the new frontiers of science!
NAUTILUS: 500 million years old
icas engraved stones -a prehistoric-library
controversial claim -geologist mysterious tracks-in turkey-millions of years ago
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108 number and its significance

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Studio 54 was een grote nachtclub aan West 54th Street in Manhattan in New York.

Achtergrond
De club werd geopend op 26 april 1977 en sloot zijn deuren in 1980. De club stond onder leiding van de flamboyante Steve Rubell (1943-1989) en de iets ingetogener Ian Schrager (1946). Er werden grote feesten georganiseerd met veel drank en drugs waarbij vele sterren te gast waren. De eigenaars hielden een berucht toegangsbeleid en lieten vaak lange rijen voor de deur staan. Op sommige avonden lieten zij slechts tientallen mensen toe. Het was een club waar zowel gewone als rijke mensen met elkaar konden dansen. Bezoekers zonder veel geld werden echter buitengewoon streng op hun uiterlijk geselecteerd. De club sloot uiteindelijk na een inval door de belastingdienst op 17 december 1979. Begin 1980 werd er een afscheidsfeest georganiseerd voor Rubell en Schrager alvorens zij dertien maanden de cel ingingen

De club werd in 1981 heropend, met een nieuwe eigenaar, Mark Fleischman, maar sloot al na vijf jaar in 1986.

Op dit moment zit er op deze plaats het theater van de Roundabout Theatre Company, dat plaats biedt aan 900 personen en twee bars telt.

In Nederland werden in de jaren 80 verschillende discotheken geopend met dezelfde naam, bijvoorbeeld in Rotterdam en in Heerlen. Ook deze discotheken zijn gesloten.

Nalatenschap

Toen Nile Rodgers en Bernard Edwards, van disco/funkband Chic, ondanks een uitnodiging van Grace Jones de toegang werd geweigerd werden zij geïnspireerd tot het schrijven van het nummer Le Freak.

In 1981 heeft Hans Vermeulen, de zanger van de Nederlandse band Sandy Coast, op het Album "Rendez Vous", Studio 54 verwerkt in het nummer "The Eyes of Jenny".

In 1995 werd in Las Vegas een club geopend als een soort opvolger van de originele Studio 54. Een aantal onderdelen van het oorspronkelijke interieur werden hier ondergebracht.

In 1998 kwam de film Studio 54 uit, met in de hoofdrollen Mike Myers, Ryan Phillippe, Neve Campbell en Salma Hayek, een verfilming van bovenstaand verhaal.

In 2004 werd er in Wenen een discotheek geopend met de naam Studio 54.

In 2007 maakte de popgroep Ch!pz een liedje met de naam Studio 54.

In 2018 verscheen de documentaire Studio 54 van Matt Tyrnauer op het Sundance Film Festival.

Jaarlijks organiseert de Belgische homodiscotheek Red & Blue zijn versie van Studio 54 in het Antwerpse Sportpaleis.

Muziek in New York (stad)
Bouwwerk in New York (stad)
Geschiedenis van New York (stad)
Discotheek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Martin Kaymer to become new No. 1 after advancing to Match Play final; Luke Donald dusts Matt Kuchar to set up all European final.
Kaymer in control
MARANA, Ariz. – Martin Kaymer is the new No. 1 in golf, this time without much debate.
Kaymer calmly rolled in an 8-foot par putt on the 18th hole Saturday for a 1-up victory over Bubba Watson to advance to the final of the Match Play Championship. That was all he needed to move to No. 1 in the next world ranking.
The 26-year-old German becomes the second-youngest player to be No. 1 since the ranking began in 1986. Tiger Woods was 21 when he reached No. 1 in June 1997.
It ends the 17-week reign of Lee Westwood, who had only three wins on his world ranking ledger when he became No. 1.
Kaymer has won seven times in the last two years, including his first major in the PGA Championship at Whistling Straits when he beat Watson in a three-hole playoff.
And another big win might not be too far away.
With his 1-up victory, Kaymer advanced to the championship match Sunday against Luke Donald of England, who set an Accenture Match Play Championship record by needing only 73 holes in five matches to get to the last match.
Kaymer, though, already has reason to celebrate.
"It's obviously very special for me to be the second German," he said of the world ranking. Bernhard Langer was the first player to be No. 1 when the ranking debuted at the 1986 Masters. He stayed there for only three weeks.
Even so, more hard work awaits.
No one has been more dominant at Dove Mountain than Donald, who has yet to trail in any of his five matches. Donald only had to play 27 holes in his quarter-final win over Ryan Moore and his demolition of Matt Kuchar in the semifinals.
It marks the second straight year for an all-European final in this World Golf Championship. A year ago, Ian Poulter defeated Paul Casey in the championship match.
Watson, who came into Saturday having played only 43 holes in three matches, faced 37 holes in a long and wild day. Watson was 5 down with eight to play against J.B. Holmes when he staged an amazing comeback. Holmes hit into the desert at the wrong time and lost in 19 holes.
Kaymer and Watson were all square going to 15 when it turned in favour of the "Germanator."
Watson tried to play a massive slice on the 334-yard hole with his driver, but it sailed far to the left and into a desert bush. He had to take a penalty drop and gave away the hole. Then with Kaymer long and right on the par-3 16th, Watson also missed the green and failed to get up-and-down for par, giving Kaymer a 2-up lead with two holes to play.
Watson made a six-foot birdie putt on the 17th to stay in the match, but his shot from a fairway bunker on the 18th spun off the false front of the green. Kaymer went long, chipped to 8 feet and made the par.
"The matches I had were very difficult," said Kaymer, who also went 18 holes in a 1-up win over Miguel Angel Jimenez in the quarter-finals earlier Saturday.
Not so for Donald, who headed to the gym during the final hour of the Kaymer match to work up a sweat. He hasn't gotten too much of a workout on the golf course through five matches.
A win for Donald would move him up to a career-best No. 3 in the world.
"That would be an added bonus," Donald said. "I'll be concentrating on trying to beat whoever I'm playing against and trying to pick up a trophy."
Donald has been nothing short of brilliant on his record-setting march to the final.
When he holed a short birdie putt on the par-5 13th to close out Kuchar, it was his 13th birdie in 27 holes he played in quarter-final and semifinal matches. Donald has played only 73 holes in five matches, the fewest of anyone to reach the championship match in the 13-year history of this tournament. The previous record was 77 holes by Woods in 2003.
Donald became only the second finalist to have never seen the 18th hole in competition. Geoff Ogilvy in 2007 was the other. With the format change from 36 holes to 18 holes for Sunday, he could go the entire tournament without playing No. 18.
"Hopefully, I don't get to it again tomorrow – the right way," Donald said.
He has been so dominant that Donald has not trailed on a single hole all week – on only five of 73 holes has his match been all square.
"I've been stringing together a lot of good rounds, making birdies and not too many mistakes," he said. "I've been tough to beat this week, and hopefully that can continue."
Donald won three straight holes around the turn to build a big lead against Ryan Moore in the quarter-finals, winning 5 and 4. He looked even better against Kuchar, seizing the lead with a tee shot into four feet on the par-3 third hole, starting a stretch in which he won seven of the next eight holes.
"Had I got somebody else on today's round, I may have still been able to come out with a win," Kuchar said. "You face Luke Donald on a day he's really hot, you pack your bags early."
Donald has been hot all week.
Now comes Kaymer, whom he described as a steady, consistent player, as the last two years have shown.
"Like me, but hits it further," Donald said with a smile
Tags: Golf News, luke donald, Martin Kaymer, Tournaments, world golf championships-accenture match play cham
Jason Logan loves checking out unique new products at the PGA Show. Here's what caught his eye this year.
Staff1 hour ago


Subject- Grant of additional HRA to the civilian employees of the Central Government serving in the States of North Eastern Region, Andaman & Nicobar lslands, Lakshadweep lstands and Ladakh.
(i) ln case of civilian employees of Central Government transferred to and posted from a date prior to 01.07.2017 who leave their families behind at the old duty station, the HRA of the old duty station will be calculated on the revised pay drawn on 01.07.2017 with the percentage rates of HRA effective on 01.07.2017 as per 0.M. No. 2/5/2017.E.ll(B) dated 07/07/2017.
(ii) ln case of civilian employees of Central Government transferred to and posted from a date on or after 01.07.2017 who leave their families behind at the old duty station, the HRA of the old duty station will be calculaled on the revised pay drawn on the date of transfer with the percentage rates of HRA etfective on the date of transfer.
20540 × 2.57 = 52787.80 fixed at ₹ 53,600 as on 1/1/2016 basic pay. your basic pension is 50% of ₹ 26,800/-.


Vinotemp's Private Reserve Series 188-Bottle Commercial 300 Wine Cooler features patent pending interior back-lit in three different options and label forward racking. With a front vent that allows for either built-in or free standing installations, this latest commercial offering from Vinotemp is simple to install and makes adding wine storage for restaurants, hotels, and other commercial locations quick and easy. The new cooler features vibration-damping design to better protect its contents and is engineered for low energy consumption and low noise. Its patent pending interior back-lit has three different options - soft white, amber, and Vinotemp BioBlu™ (which helps reduce the growth of bacteria and mold) - which can be selected at any give time. Adjustable temperature range allows users to select a proper, customized storage and serving temperature for light or dark wines. Sturdy, stylish label forward racking cradles bottles so the labels of wine stored are front facing, adding to the cooler's visual appeal. A digital LED temperature display makes temperatures easy-to-read and ensures wine is being stored and served at the appropriate temperature.
Shelves can be adjusted to accommodate more or less bottles.


text:
Art Masters Series
Text by	Julian Voloj
Illustrator	Søren Glosimodt Mosdal
Imprint: SelfMadeHero
Trim Size: 6 1⁄2 x 9 1⁄2
Illustrations: Color illustrations throughout
Rights: North America
The dazzling, provocative work of Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960–1988) would come to define the vibrant New York art scene of the late '70s and early '80s. Punk, jazz, graffiti, hip-hop: his work drew heavily on the cultural trappings of lower Manhattan, to which he fled—from Brooklyn—at the age of 15. This stunning graphic novel captures the dramatic life and exhilarating times of this archetypal New York artist, covering everything from the SAMO graffiti project to his first solo show, from his relationship with Andy Warhol to the substance abuse that would cost him his life.
Today, Basquiat's influence can be seen not only in fine art but in fashion, design, and music. Now, for the first time, his remarkable story is told in graphic novel form. This playful, authoritative biography shows Basquiat's work to be more important, his themes more urgent, than ever before.
"...crackling energy and a breakneck pace to match the tumultuous life and career of their subject, whose synthesis of punk, pop, hip-hop, and street cultures continues to be influential more than 20 years after his death."
Library Journal —
Søren Mosdal is a Danish comics artist and newspaper illustrator. Born in Nairobi, he now lives in Copenhagen. Julian Voloj is the author of numerous graphic novels, including the acclaimed Ghetto Brother. Born in Germany, he lives in New York City.


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Les Écrivains publics ou Nouvelle méthode de retenir sa femme au logis (en anglais The Letter Writers) est une pièce de Henry Fielding, représentée pour la première fois le  à Haymarket avec son pendant, La Tragédie des tragédies. Les bibliographies  d'époque attestent aussi pour titre français La Correspondance épistolaire ou Nouveau moyen de retenir une femme à la maison.

L'action met en scène deux marchands qui s'efforcent de faire que leurs épouses leur restent fidèles. Leurs efforts sont vains, jusqu'à ce qu'ils attrapent l'homme avec qui leurs épouses les trompent.

La pièce, une farce, est un échec retentissant.

Références

Comédie (théâtre)
Pièce de théâtre britannique
Pièce de théâtre de Henry Fielding
Pièce de théâtre du XVIIIe siècle


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Today in sports history: May 19 - Joe Schmidt leads Leinster to European rugby glory
Brad Lewis
Photo credit: Getty
Some of the sports stories of the past that led sporting headlines around the world on May 19.
West Ham win their fifth European Cup Winners Cup against 1860 München of West Germany, 2-0 in London.
'The Hammers' squad, arguably the greatest in club history, featured England internationals Bobby Moore, Martin Peters and Geoff Hurst. A year later, all three would star in England's World Cup triumph.
Today in sports history: Warriors suffer record loss
Today in sports history: NZ Cavaliers beat Springboks
An agreement is reached among the three major southern hemisphere rugby unions (SANZAAR) to launch the annual Tri-Nations Championship and Super 12 club competition, to start in 1996.
The news came a week out from the start of the Rugby World Cup in South Africa and would ignite the dawn of professional rugby.
The All Blacks went unbeaten through the inaugural Tri-Nations, while the Auckland Blues crushed the Natal Sharks in the first-ever Super Rugby final.
The Bulls become the first South African team to win Super Rugby, after they beat the Sharks 20-19 in the final.
First-five Derrick Hoggard converted winger Bryan Habana's try after the full-time siren in a stunning finish to the first-ever all-South African final.
Brian O'Driscoll celebrates Leinster's win Photo credit: Getty
Kiwi coach Joe Schmidt guides Leinster to their third European title in the space of just four years, beating Ulster 42-14 in the Heineken Cup final at Twickenham in London.
Schmidt's Leinster side was jam-packed with Irish internationals, as well as former All Blacks lock Brad Thorn.
Schmidt left his club post a year later to take charge of the Irish national side, a role he held until the end of the 2019 Rugby World Cup.
Didier Drogba celebrates Photo credit: Getty
Chelsea stun heavy favourites Bayern Munich in the UEFA Champions League final at the German club's home ground.
Their first and only Champions League title was secured in a penalty shootout, after an 88th-minute equalising goal by French striker Didier Drogba.
Drogba also slotted the winning penalty, after two heroic saves from goalkeeper Peter Cech.
1974 - NRL and Newcastle Knights league great Andrew Johns
1976 - American basketball forward and 15-time NBA All-Star Kevin Garnett
1981 - Former UFC welterweight and middleweight champion Georges St Pierre, regarded as the greatest combat sports athlete in MMA history
Geroges St_Pierre (left) during a UFC title win over Thiago Alves in 2009 Photo credit: Getty
Today in sports history: White Ferns lose in World Cup final
Today in sports history: Arsenal finish EPL season unbeaten
2014 - Three-time Formula One world champion Jack Brabham, aged 88
Newshub 12 months ago…
Live updates: WBC heavyweight boxing championship - Deontay Wilder v Dominic Breazeale
American boxer Deontay Wilder has made a violent statement that he is the true king of the heavyweight division.
The WBC champion has viciously knocked out fellow American Dominic Breazeale inside the first round of their title fight in Brooklyn, New York.
Wilder entered the bout after the first setback of his career - a draw against Tyson Fury last year - but he made short work of Breazeale, who had lost just once in his 22 fights.
Ironically, that loss came three years ago against IBF, WBA and WBO heavyweight kingpin Anthony Joshua, via a seventh-round stoppage.


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The essay prize competition is named in honor of Wangari Maathai (b. 1940-d. 2011), the Kenyan scholar and activist who, in 2004, became the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Wangari Maathai was a Kenyan environmentalist who began a movement to reforest her country by paying poor women a few shillings to plant trees. She was the founder of the Green Belt Movement and authored four books: The Green Belt Movement; Unbowed: A Memoir; The Challenge for Africa; and Replenishing the Earth.
Born in Nyeri, a rural area of Kenya, Wangari Muta Maathai was the first woman in East and Central Africa to earn a doctorate degree (1971). She was internationally acknowledged for her struggle for democracy, human rights, and environmental conservation. According to the United Nations, at the time of her death, her Green Belt Movement had planted more than 30 million trees in Africa and helped nearly 900,000 women while inspiring similar efforts in other African countries.
In the spirit of Dr. Maathai, the essay contest is intended to encourage excellence in undergraduate and graduate scholarship on the experience of Africa and its Diaspora. A prize of $300 will be awarded for the best original essay on any topic in African American, Caribbean, and/or African studies in each of two categories: (a) Undergraduate student; and (b) Graduate student.
The competition is open to all University of Michigan undergraduate and graduate students, and submissions may include essays written for courses. Because DAAS is a multi-disciplinary department, the essays may stem from a wide range of fields, such as anthropology, architecture, art, art history, business, drama, economics, education, environmental studies, health, history, journalism, law, literature, medicine, music, nursing, policy studies, political science, psychology, social work, sociology, urban planning, and women's and gender studies.
Submission date: Wednesday, March 31, 2021
Please send the following two items to mawashin@umich.edu. Each item should be a separate email attachment (Adobe PDF or Microsoft Word):
Essay coversheet, including:
Student status (undergraduate or graduate)
Essay title
Course for which you wrote the essay, including semester and year (if applicable)
no more than 6,000 words in length
typed, double-spaced, 12-point font
Please include a title page that includes ONLY:
the word "undergraduate" or "graduate"
(do not include your name, email, or course on the title page)
For further information, please email daas-info@umich.edu.
Past Undergraduate Essay Winners
Alexis Stanton
Essay Title: Healing Hair: A Historical Evolution of Black Women's Hairstories
Jaclyn Sylvain
Essay Title: Golden Handcuffs: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Influence in Senegal
Abigail Celis
Essay Title: Knowledge In Place: Modes of Seeing in Literary and Exhibitionary Narratives of Francophone Africa
Zachary Petroni
Essay Title: Exploring Exclusion, Contemplating Control: Structures of Violence in Wildlife Conservation in Narok and Laikipia Counties, Kenya
Lauren Myefski
Essay Title: Preserving the History of Shotgun Houses
Nicole Yadon
Essay Title: The Rise and Fall of Kwame Kilpatrick"
Emily Schiller
Essay Title: To Give Medicine Back to the People: The Black Panther Party and Community Health Activism
Kara Van Patten
Essay Title: Lest It Not Be forgotten: The Impact and Legacy of Idlewild
Rachel A. Nisch
Essay Title: The Transformation of the African American Domestic Landscape: Who Knew Grass Could Mean So Much?
Essay Title: NGOs in Kenya: Potential for True Development?
Elizabeth M. Griffin
Essay Title: Another Side of Slave Religion: African Muslims in the United States
Gabriel Peoples
Essay Title: Stopping the Pattern: Hip Hop and Its Potential for Revolutionary Activism and Praxis in the Role of the DJ and the Cypher


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Sujet > trinidad y tobago
Sujet > trinidad y tobago Tout effacer
Índice de Gestión para Resultados en el Desarrollo (Sistema de Evaluación de la Gestión Pública)
The Public Management Evaluation Tool (PET) evaluates five "pillars" of the public policies' management cycle that are considered important for the implementation of Management for Development Results (MfDR): (i) results-based planning, (ii) results-based budgeting, (iii) public financial management (including auditing and procurement), (iv) program and project management (including the public investment system), and (v) monitoring and evaluation of public management. These pillars are broken down into components that track the maturity of institutional systems. The components are in turn composed of indicators and minimum requirements that these systems must have in an MfDR environment. All of these measures (minimum requirements, indicators, components, and pillars) are scored on a scale from 0 to 5, where a 5 indicates an ideal institutional situation.
Click here to access the data: https://mydata.iadb.org/d/c89t-dh9r
Sujet uruguay trinidad y tobago suriname peru paraguay et 21 de plus
Índice de Desarrrollo de la Banda Ancha (2012-2014)
The main goal of the IDBA is to size the Digital Divide in Latin America and the Caribbean by measuring the state of broadband development in the 26 Bank-member countries, as well as in additional reference countries (64 nations in total). The IDBA is a powerful tool to identify the magnitude of the gap in two different geographic approached, first when we compare the state of the art of one country versus the cluster region the country belongs to, and second, when we compare the country with respect to the OECD. The IDBA relies on a comprehensive approach based on four pillars: infrastructure, applications and capacity, strategic regulations, and public policy and strategic vision. Those four pillars are built as a result of the combination of 37 indicators from renowned international institutions. As a result, the IDBA provides a tool for decision makers and policymakers to detect, on a country basis, strengths and areas for improvement in developing specific, concrete and actionable plans.
Sujet telecomunicaciones banda ancha venezuela uruguay trinidad y tobago et 23 de plus
Índice de Desarrollo de la Banda Ancha
Índice de Desarrollo de Banda Ancha (2012-2014)


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Kylie Morris Alumni
What I like about DePauw is the work ethic of the students. Our combined strength contributes to an outstanding university experience.
When Kylie leads her team onto the court, she is ready to get into the game. As a rising senior on DePauw's women's basketball team, the younger players feed on her energy and commitment to winning the season. Kylie remarks, "I am a firm believer in leading by example, no matter how small the opportunity. There is always someone watching, taking the things you do and say to heart."
Kylie started at DePauw a strong player, but it was her peers and teammates who pushed her to take a more leading role on campus. It began when a classmate encouraged her to bring a club she enjoyed in high school to DePauw. Kylie took the steps to get it running and now, two years later, she is passing on its leadership to other DePauw students. Kylie's influence continues out into the community, both within her sorority and through volunteer philanthropy work.
"What I like about DePauw is the work ethic of the students. Our combined strength contributes to an outstanding university experience. We push one another to excel in our academic endeavors, in addition to taking on multiple leadership roles on and off campus. Combine this driven campus culture will a faculty and staff that are willing to do whatever it takes to help us succeed. It's a place I want to be."
More Faces
Miguel Angel Navarro Jr.
I chose DePauw because I wanted to be somewhere where I felt at home. As a…read more.
Greg Schwipps
I am a DePauw professor but also a 1995 DePauw alumnus. I started my first-year…read more.
Ivan Villasboa
While I was growing up in Argentina, I dreamed of becoming a big-city banker…read more.


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Austin Could Fund 'Logistical Support' For Low-Income Women Seeking Abortions
By Ashley Lopez | KUT • Aug 19, 2019
Four Austin City Council members want the city to help low-income women obtain abortions – without the city actually paying for the procedure.
At the urging of local reproductive rights groups, Austin city leaders are working to set aside up to $150,000 for groups that provide transportation, lodging, child care and counseling to women seeking abortions. The budget measure, which is supported by Council members Paige Ellis, Delia Garza, Leslie Pool and Greg Casar, is a city response to state laws that curb access to abortion.
"We have seen how this right has been chipped away at – from waiting periods to sonogram bills to all kinds of barriers being placed in front of women – who are simply seeking an option that is still a constitutional right in this country," said Mayor Pro Tem Garza.
Over the years, members of Lilith Fund for Reproductive Equity and NARAL Pro-Choice Texas said they have asked city leaders to take what they see as "proactive solutions" that would address access issues for women seeking an abortion like not having a ride to an appointment or a babysitter.
"We would love to see this funding go to organizations on the ground providing practical and logistical support services," said Amanda Beatriz Williams, the executive director of the Lilith Fund.
Earlier this year, state lawmakers passed Senate Bill 22, which banned local governments from giving money to groups that provide abortions — even if that funding doesn't pay for abortions, which federally law prohibits. The law was aimed at providers like Planned Parenthood, which has existing relationships with the City of Austin.
Garza said the law's passage prompted her and other leaders to think of unique ways to help women seeking abortions at the city level.
"The city has to find creative ways to help vulnerable communities in our city, and I see this as just another way," she said.
State Sen. Donna Campbell of New Braunfels said in a statement Monday that she thinks this effort would violate SB 22.
"I have not read the amendment to the City of Austin's budget yet but on its face, it defiantly violates the spirit of Senate Bill 22, if not an outright violation against the law," she said. "I will be working with the Attorney General's Office on this issue."
However, advocacy groups that urged the Austin City Council to draft this budget amendment said it wouldn't violate the law because the groups that would receive the city funds don't provide abortions.
"They are not abortion providers and they are not abortion affiliates," Williams said. "We feel confident that this is 100% in compliance with the law."
The move comes at a time when other Texas cities are considering outright bans on the procedure.
For example, an all-male city council in Waskom, Texas voted to outlaw abortions earlier this summer. Garza said it's not a coincidence that Austin's majority-female city council has taken the opposite approach.
"If we don't continue to have this kind of pushback we will just continue to see additional barriers," she said.
Texas Lawmakers Are Focused On Bipartisan Issues, But Abortion Is Shifting That Focus.
By Ashley Lopez | KUT • Apr 15, 2019
Miguel Gutierrez Jr. / KUT
Follow @AshLopezRadio
State lawmakers started this year's legislative session with the intention of tackling bipartisan issues — namely, education and property taxes. Last week, though, abortion politics complicated that goal.
At Federal Appeals Court, Texas Asks To Enforce Its Ban On A Common Abortion Procedure
By Marissa Evans, Texas Tribune • Nov 5, 2018
Cheryl Gerber for The Texas Tribune
NEW ORLEANS — The federal Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals heard arguments Monday morning about whether Texas should be able to ban doctors from performing the most common second-trimester abortion procedure, called dilation and evacuation.
Texas Fetal Remains Burial Trial Gets Underway
By Marissa Evans, Texas Tribune • Jul 16, 2018
Callie Richmond for The Texas Tribune
State and reproductive rights attorneys are going head to head again in federal court on Monday to argue whether Texas should require health providers to cremate or bury fetal remains.
"It's a tough case for everybody," U.S. District Judge David Alan Ezra said Friday during a pretrial hearing. In January, he had granted an injunction blocking a state fetal remains burial rule, but he said last week that the previous decision is no indication of how he would rule in the trial.


the oxygen in your lungs, which can be fatal.
detectors. But privately owned houseboats may not have them.
whenever the generator is operating.
into fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention if you can't rule out carbon monoxide.


I did copynumber call and performed segmentation using DNAcopy.
with a header and the following columns: ID, chrom, loc.start, loc.end, num.mark, seg.mean, bstat, pval, lcl, ucl.
WHAT is the input file here ?
Is the input to the script is output from DNAcopy output.
Can you please suggest me to make the input file in compatible format.
Its the output from segments.p function from DNACopy.


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Understanding the AR-15 and the Meaning of 'Weapons of War'
Teresa Mull May 02, 2018 0 Comments
By: Peter Suciu
One of the most oft-repeated (and erroneous) criticisms waged against the AR-15 is that it is a "weapon of war" or "military-style assault rifle." Gun control supporters and ill-informed reporters argue this semi-automatic rifle should be banned because it is a combat weapon. While the AR-15 is, in fact, based on the military's M-16, there are numerous differences between the two– most notably the fact that the military version offers select fire, meaning it can be switched between semi-automatic and fully-automatic, or burst fire modes.
It's important to understand the history of the AR-15, why it's not a "military-style" weapon, how such an influential rifle has become the inappropriate target of censure, and to appreciate how the concept of "weapons of war" has affected U.S. history.
Why the Sudden War on Words?
The AR-15, despite the very sudden uproar regarding it, has been available to consumers for well over 50 years. The first commercial version was introduced in 1963 as the Colt AR-15 Sporter – yet sales were slow because the gun was expensive, and its fixed sights and carry handle made it difficult to mount scopes. When Colt's patents, which it had bought in 1959 from ArmaLite (hence the "AR" in AR-15, which does not stand for "Automatic Rifle" or "Assault Rifle") expired, other manufacturers began producing and selling AR-15-style rifles.
Now available in a variety of configurations and with modular designs, the AR is one of the most popular choices for semi-automatic rifles in the United States today. The rifle has the ability to mount a scope, forward grip, and other attachments, and, as it's been said, these features do not make the AR-15 a weapon of war.
The AR is also not a "high-power" weapon. No knowledgeable gun owner considers the AR to be high-powered. It's also not a "military-style" weapon. The military would not equip soldiers with a weapon that's incapable of switching into fully-automatic mode. The AR is simply imposing looking to those who don't know any better, and unfortunately, that's a lot of people in the mainstream media.
Fearing a firearm because of its design or because it was once a combat weapon is misguided, to say the least. The anti-gun establishment's habit of doing so shows ignorance, not only of firearms, but also of history, and reveals the glaring holes in their illogical arguments for gun control.
A World War II M1903 Springfield bolt action rifle, for example, looks similar to a modern hunting rifle and was designed for use by the military, yet it is seldom (if ever) attacked by anti-gun activists, whereas the AR-15, which has always been a commercial rifle, is constantly and inaccurately described as a weapon of war.
Looks can be deceiving, and those opposed to firearms in general completely miss the point as to what "a weapon of war" is, and why it matters (but shouldn't).
Military and Civilian Guns – Long One and the Same
We've established that the M-16 and the AR-15 are not identical. But even if they were, it shouldn't matter. America has a long tradition of its citizens owning and relying on what were considered to be "weapons of war."
To understand the "weapons of war" concept, we have to go back to the very founding of the United States. The Second Amendment clearly recognizes the right of citizens to act as a militia, using military-grade firearms. The Bill of Rights was written before the United States had a large and well-equipped, standing army, and citizens used the exact muskets that the Continental Army had carried in the American Revolution. Those who suggest the Constitution's writers were thinking of some sort of "civilian musket," as opposed to those that the military used, should know privately owned firearms and those carried by the soldiers of the era were one and the same.
Moreover, many citizens who lived on the frontier relied on the so-called "Pennsylvania" or "Kentucky" rifles. These guns were oftentimes superior to the standard American long rifle of the era – so here is an early example of citizens having better weapons than the few professional soldiers serving in the then very small U.S. Army of the time.
Fast-forward to the Plains Wars of the post-Civil War era, when, again, private citizens were often armed with repeating rifles, including the Henry Rifle and later the Winchester, while the U.S. Cavalry carried singe shot "Trapdoor" Springfield carbines into the 1890s (Some Trapdoors were even still in use during the Spanish-American War.) It has been argued that one reason General George Armstrong Custer lost the Battle of the Little Bighorn is because his troops were simply outgunned by the Lakota warriors!
In fact, until World War I, it could be argued that what private citizens could buy and own was superior to what the military was issued. While few Americans could likely afford an early Maxim machine gun, they were available to anyone who wanted to buy one. One notable example is that during the Spanish-American War, the family of Lt. William Tiffany, a close friend of Teddy Roosevelt who served alongside him in the Rough Riders, purchased two Colt M 1895 "potato digger" machine guns for the regiment.
After World War I, Ordnance Arms, which had offices and a showroom on Broadway in Manhattan, sold the Thompson submachine gun directly to consumers, marketing the weapon in one famous ad campaign to cattle ranchers!
It wasn't until passage of the National Firearms Act of 1934 that consideration was given to regulating the sale of certain small arms to private citizens. That act finally put restrictions on how such weapons could be purchased by the general public.
Until the Firearm Owners Protection Act of 1986, there was no total ban on the owning of firearms carried by the military. Even that law didn't technically outlaw owning what are now considered to be "weapons of war," but instead banned the creation of new machine guns and limited civilian ownership (with a proper background check and transfer) to guns made before May 1986.
Today, at gun shows, gun shops, and in many sporting goods stores, surplus military rifles, true weapons of war, are routinely sold. These aren't M-16s or today's M-4 carbines, but vintage World War I or World War II bolt action rifles, M1 Garands and M1 Carbines, Soviet bloc SKS semi-automatic rifles, and other firearms that most certainly were used on past battlefields – and they're readily available for purchase.
There have been attempts to limit the sale of some of such weapons. In New York City, the British Lee Enfield bolt action rifle is outlawed simply because of its 10-round removable magazine, and the M1 Garand is banned because it has a bayonet lug and holds eight rounds in its internal magazine.
Ignorance Begets Illogic
American citizens, as we've illustrated, have, since our nation's founding, had the right to possess the same – or even better! – weapons as members of our military. It should be noted, however, that today's soldiers are equipped with select-fire assault weapons, rocket launchers, and hand grenades, and have support from aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, and drones, whereas common citizens, of course, do not. Exactly what a "weapon of war" is has become a moving target, but because of gun control measures, no real "weapon of war," i.e., firearms our modern military uses, are available to the general public.
No soldier today is going to want to go into combat with an AR-15 when there are M-4 carbines and other true weapons of war available. So the next time you hear the mainstream media blabbering on about "military-style" weapons, remember: It's a moot point.
Peter Suciu is a freelance writer based in Michigan. Contact him at petersuciu@gmail.com.
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control Kept Cases of Defensive Gun Use Hush-Hush
Merriam-Webster Changes Definition of 'Assault Rifle' to Fit Gun Control Talking Points


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Q: GIT push error - expected committer email 'user@xyz.com ' but found 'user@xyz.com' I am new to GIT and trying my first ever push. Iam getting the below error.
Error:
expected committer email 'user@xyz.com ' but found 'user@xyz.com'
[remote rejected] ...(pre-receive hook declined)

As you can see, expected and actual email is same except the extra tailing white-space in expected committer email.
I want to understand where the "expected committer email" value is being picked up from. Is it from git server account? or something that can be changed locally?
Tried setting user.email using below commands, but still facing same issue.
git config --global user.email "user@xyz.com"
git commit --amend --reset-author

git config --global user.email "user@xyz.com"
git commit --amend --allow-empty --author="user, user <user@xyz.com>"

A: Indeed the issue was with the server configuration. There were extra spaces in the values configured on server.
Worked fine after fixing the server side values.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Drummond Report's emphasis on reform and innovation in the way health care is organized and delivered is vital. The objectives of long-term planning, a shift to home and community care, prevention, and integration of health services are right on the mark. But a huge element is missing: equity. Equitable access to services, equitable outcomes and improved population health must also be fundamental goals of reform.
The report highlights that a small proportion of patients with complex needs account for a high proportion of overall health system costs and emphasizes that preventing ill health and controlling chronic diseases is crucial moving forward.
Good so far, but the distribution of ill-health is not random; a crucial element is the well-documented social gradient of health — the risk and burden of many chronic conditions and poor health more generally is far higher for marginalized populations, such as people with low incomes.
Innovation and reform are essential in the pursuit of high quality, responsive and patient-centred care, as well as system efficiency and sustainability. But we need to ensure that that the massive reforms being contemplated do not make access to health care less equitable or worsen the health of marginalized populations.
The Commission's report emphasizes patient-centred care, and this is excellent. But equity in patient-centred care means ensuring that all Ontarians have access to high quality care. The report also highlights the importance of primary care. An equity approach would ensure that expanded family health teams, community health centres and other key reforms are concentrated in under-served and higher need areas to reduce inequitable disparities in access.
The report rightly points to the need for coordination and integration of services. We need to think broadly here. Discharging a patient into overcrowded or unsafe housing means that they are likely to end up back in the hospital, thereby undermining the savings and efficiencies the Commission is looking for.
We completely agree with the call for a powerful twenty year vision for "a superior health care system." But health is far more than health care, as the report acknowledges. The real determinants of health lie far beyond the health care system–in people's employment, living conditions and opportunities. Poverty, economic inequality, deteriorating community infrastructures, lack of access to good public services, racism and social exclusion are the conditions that create and perpetuate health disparities in our province.
As a practical example, it is crucial to ensure equitable access to high quality diabetes treatment. But diabetes and other chronic conditions are tied to poverty and concentrated in poor neighbourhoods and marginalized communities. If we don't improve access to good housing, adequate food, and safe neighbourhoods we will not be able to reduce these preventable diseases.
Drummond's prescription for limited investment in social programs and reductions in other areas poses a real danger. Reducing vital support for affordable housing, safe communities, transportation, and other community infrastructure will undermine the foundations of strong and healthy communities. This will have an adverse impact on overall health and will increase health inequities — in turn, putting more pressure on the health care system.
The Wellesley Institute will continue to analyze and report on the Drummond Report in the days ahead.


As spring advances more opportunities present themselves for study and experimentation. I don't, as a rule, create that many images that fall into the category of being impressionistic however now and then I like to indulge a little with subjects that I think might work. Like everyone else, I frequently trash more than I keep. You don't need to trot to the ends of the earth to find suitable material; two of these images were photographed in my garden.
Nikon D850, 200mm micro nikkor @ f/8, ISO 200, tripod.
Nikon D850, 200mm micro nikkor @ f/11, ISO 200, tripod.
I have always tried to record subjects in nature as they are and not try to embellish them into something that does not reflect their natural beauty and charm. Developing one's style is not instantaneous it requires time, patience, a creative mind and an interesting subject. Making them gel into a single compelling image is a challenging task even for the most accomplished photographers; it's what separates them from the masses. Practice is the only way in my opinion to improve your ability and perception. No experienced photographer would claim to produce visually impressive images with every press of the shutter. Now is a good time to get out there and experiment with the spring bloom!
Nikon D850, 200mm micro nikkor + 1.7x converter @ f/11, ISO 200, tripod.
Nikon D850, 105mm micro nikkor + 1.7 converter @ f/16, ISO 200, tripod.


Are you ready for April council tax increases?
Are you ready for April council tax increases?
Council tax bills are on their way up again from April, but if you're worried about rising household bills, remortgaging could help reduce your outgoings.
Average households in England paying Band D council tax rates are facing a 4.5% increase in their council tax bills for 2019/20, equivalent to £75.60 per property, according to the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA). The Institute says this is the second highest increase in council tax over the last decade, surpassed only by last year's 5.1% rise, which added an average of £80.92 to annual bills.
CIPFA's findings are based on 328 responses to questionnaires sent to authorities in England and Wales. Of the 312 respondents from England, 301 authorities said they would be increasing their council tax.
Households in the capital will see the biggest rise in council tax at 5.1%. This will bring the total average annual council tax bill for Londoners to £1,476 per household, which is still much lower than the £1,884 a year that the average household in the North East will pay.
If you're looking to reduce your monthly bills to help counter April's council tax rise and you haven't reviewed your mortgage for a while, remortgaging could potentially result in substantial savings.
Many people have already taken action and remortgaged, with the Bank of England reporting that there were 50,400 remortgage approvals in January, up from the recent average of 48,900.
The good news is that interest rates remain extremely competitive, with lenders keen to attract new business.
As a result, those currently sitting on their lender's Standard Variable Rate could save hundreds or even thousands of pounds by making the move to one of the better fixed rates currently available on the market. Remember to take into account any fees involved in switching as well as the interest rate, as this will affect the total cost of a deal.
Seek expert advice if you need help working out which remortgage deals you might be eligible for. A broker can talk you through all the available options and advise which mortgage is best for you based on your individual circumstances.


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Robertgurneya dactylifer is een eenoogkreeftjessoort uit de familie van de Miraciidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1931 door Wilson C.B..

Miraciidae


Chroma P26 Type 301 Salmon Slicer, 12"
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Wusthof Ikon Blackwood Hollow Edge Carving Knife, 9"
Zwilling JA Henckels Pro Slicing Knife, 8"
Messermeister Meridian Elite Scalloped Slicing Knife, 5"
Chroma P05 Type 301 Carving Knife, 8"


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Girls is an American HBO television series created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow. Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City. The show's premise and major aspects of the main character—including being cut off financially from her parents, becoming a writer, and making unfortunate decisions—were drawn from Dunham's own life.
==Girls== is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15, 2012. Created by and starring [[Lena Dunham]], Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City. The show's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham's own life.


Instant Replay is a small as3 service that can be used to record and playback user interactions.
Simply register the display object that you wish to record/playback.
Next, when you're ready to record interactions set the record property to true.
Finally, call the play function to playback the recorded interactions.
You'll obviously also need to add an event listener to the display object that you've registered otherwise you won't actually see anything happening.
Will this work with Starling as well?
It wasn't designed to work with Starling, but may well work just fine with Starling because I would think the events would be past all the way up to the starling layer.. BUt if it doesn't work out of the box you could modify the source fairly easily.


More surgeons are trying selective laser trabeculoplasty as front-line therapy for glaucoma—and the results have been excellent.
As data supporting the safety and efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty has gradually accumulated during the past several years, the popularity of the procedure has grown. Now, many surgeons are considering using SLT as a first-line treatment for glaucoma, instead of the traditional option of prescribing drops.
Cindy M.L. Hutnik, MD, PhD, FRCSC, an associate professor in the departments of ophthalmology and pathology at the <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />University of Western Ontario who practices at the Ivey Eye Institute in London, Ontario, has extensive experience with SLT and currently offers it as a first-line therapy. (One of her studies, comparing SLT to Xalatan as first-line therapy, recently appeared in the Journal of Glaucoma1.) "Four years ago, when I was approached about bringing the SLT system into our practice, people were hesitant to consider laser trabeculoplasty as a first-line therapy," she says. "Argon laser trabeculoplasty was known to cause burning and scarring of tissue. However, the Glaucoma Laser Trial had already demonstrated that ALT was effective as a first-line treatment; the problem was the side effects. SLT was supposedly just as effective, but caused a lot less damage.
"Since then, we've probably treated close to 600 patients," she continues. "Based on our experience and what's been peer-reviewed and published, we can say that SLT is safe and effective. It doesn't seem to be harmful, and the beneficial effects last at least four years in some patients."
Shlomo Melamed, MD, professor of ophthalmology at Tel Aviv University Medical School in Israel and director of the Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, says his group was the first to publish a study of SLT as a primary treatment for patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.2 "In that study we used SLT as the primary treatment on 45 eyes, and pressure came down by 30 percent," he says. "This number has been repeated in other studies done later as well, including the 2006 Canadian study that compared SLT to Xalatan." He notes that Xalatan caused about the same reduction in IOP in that study. "We've also found that 30 percent of treated patients have a pressure reduction within one hour, an observation that other investigators have confirmed. Right now we're very enthusiastic about using SLT as primary treatment."
• Safety. "Of all of the patients that we've done so far, not a single one is having trouble with vision, uncontrolled pressures or inflammation," says Dr. Hutnik. "I have not seen any harmful side effects of this laser."
• It avoids compliance problems. Because the patient doesn't have to remember to purchase or instill drops, efficacy is independent of the patient's behavior. "If you suspect the patient will have a compliance problem, this is a really good way to start treatment," says Dr. Hutnik.
• It may be as effective as medication. "In general, laser trabeculoplasty is one of the few areas in which we do have clinical evidence that suggests it's as good as starting with medical therapy—at least the medical therapy we had 15 or 20 years ago," observes Dale K. Heuer, MD, professor and chairman of ophthalmology at the Medical College of Wisconsin and director of the Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin Eye Institute, who has been performing laser trabeculoplasty for more than 20 years. "Whether it's as good as the medical therapy we have now remains to be determined, but it's certainly safe and it avoids the problems of non-adherence to medications, which is a huge problem with topical drops."
• It may be less expensive than medications over the long run. For more on this, see "Which Option Costs More?" below.
• It doesn't prevent future canal-related procedures. "I've now switched from ALT to SLT," says Dr. Heuer, "primarily because I'm hopeful that within the next five years or so we'll be able to treat glaucoma with an incisional technique that works on Schlemm's canal. Unlike ALT, SLT is gentle to the canal. It doesn't complicate potential future options."
• It may mitigate higher nocturnal IOP. "A paper just published in Ophthalmology3 reports data indicating that SLT helps to blunt the natural pressure rise that occurs when we sleep," notes Dr. Heuer. "Some medications don't do that."
Asked to explain this difference in pressure reduction, Dr. Hutnik hypothesizes that the trabecular meshwork is altered by the medication. "In fact," she says, "I send patients home on a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory because there have been reports that a steroid interferes with the pressure-lowering effect and patients don't do quite as well. So at a molecular level, there's something going on with the drugs and the meshwork and what the laser is doing."
M. Cathleen Schanzer, MD, medical director of Southern Eye Associates in Memphis, Tenn., says her clinic has used the SLT laser for about five years; they treat 400 to 500 patients a year with it. "We do like using SLT as first-line therapy, especially in younger or newly diagnosed glaucoma patients," she says. "We've treated patients who have been on medications for 10 years, and others of the same age who are newly diagnosed. Our data indicate that we get a slightly better response to SLT from the latter group. It may be that the trabecular meshwork has been altered by the medications over time."
"I've only had to repeat SLT in a few patients," says Dr. Melamed. "We've found that retreating can be very beneficial, and studies have supported this. The improvement may be less than that produced by the original treatment, but it's still worthwhile because of the safety profile."
"How long the pressure stays acceptably low has not been consistent between patients," notes Dr. Schanzer, who has also retreated many individuals. "We bring some patients back for retreatment after a year; others are three years out and haven't needed any retreatment. My gut feeling is that the earlier we treat, the longer the response lasts, but I don't yet have data to confirm that.
"Patients don't seem to mind that they might need retreatment," she adds. "This is a procedure their insurance will cover, and except for using a nonsteroidal for a few days, they're pretty much done with drops. They don't have to worry about getting to the pharmacy every month. They just come in every three or four months so we can check their pressure and monitor the nerve fiber layer and visual field."
Dr. Hutnik observes that in the initial ALT data, about 50 percent of patients needed retreatment at five years. "With SLT, we're almost to the four-year data mark, and I suspect the data will be similar," she says. "I have some patients for whom one treatment has lasted four years, and others for whom one treatment has lasted about two years. I think it has to do with what's clogging up the drain. Ultimately we just have to wait for the long-term studies to find out what happens after 5 or 10 years."
She does note that the treatment seems to not last as long when the patient has pigment-dispersion glaucoma. "In this situation SLT cleans the drain out, but the pigment continues to be dispersed, so it clogs back up," she says. "You're more likely to do a repeat SLT on these patients."
Despite the many points in its favor, SLT is only slowly being adopted by the community at large, especially as a first-line option. Steven J. Gedde, MD, professor of ophthalmology and director of the residency program at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute in Miami, has used SLT for about four years and ALT for many years before that. He notes that the same slow acceptance happened with ALT. "The Glaucoma Laser Trial, a multi-center randomized clinical trial, compared ALT in one eye to a stepped medical regimen in the other eye, beginning with timolol," he recalls. "The resulting data showed that after two years, ALT alone was more effective than timolol alone at controlling IOP.4 In spite of these results, a survey of members of the American Glaucoma Society a few years later found that only a small minority of specialists were using it as an initial therapy."
• Lack of long-term data. "SLT is relatively a new guy on the block," observes Dr. Hutnik. "By way of comparison, the first prostaglandin was introduced in 1996, so we have 10 years of published data on it. With SLT, I was uncomfortable at first, but as each day goes by I'm getting more comfortable. Hopefully the five-year data will be coming out soon."
• Medications work very well. "In many cases we can control glaucoma with one medication used once a day," says Dr. Gedde. "Given that profile, even a minimally invasive procedure like laser treatment may be less desirable." Nevertheless, he observes that there are several points in SLT's favor, including efficacy, safety, cost over the long run and avoiding compliance issues. "Also, there may be a psychological cost to using medical therapy on a daily basis," he notes. "It acts as a constant reminder that you have a disease process."
Dr. Melamed says that in his experience, SLT is more like a medical treatment than a surgical procedure anyway. "It doesn't involve any cutting or traction, or anything that would be considered surgical," he points out. "It only impacts the trabecular meshwork cells containing pigment—which is why it's called selective—and it initiates a cascade of events that are mainly biological. So to me it is like medical treatment, except that it is delivered directly to the TM."
• Lack of reversibility. Dr. Heuer notes that medical therapy appears to be completely reversible, which SLT is not. "The counterpoint to that, however, is that the complication rate from laser trabeculoplasty is extraordinarily small," he says. "As a result, that concern doesn't hold a lot of weight."
• Cost of another laser. "Many ophthalmologists already have an ALT laser," notes Dr. Melamed, "and it hasn't been demonstrated that SLT is better than ALT in terms of efficacy. Why buy another laser when no difference has been demonstrated?"
But Dr. Schanzer notes that the apparent ability to re-treat makes a big difference. "We've used the SLT laser a lot," she says. "With the argon laser we hated to re-treat because of concerns about damaging the meshwork."
• Sticking with tradition. "Our training has always been medication first and surgery second, including laser surgery, and that's what's accepted in the community," notes Dr. Schanzer. "We've gotten used to it."
"Changing our approach to treatment takes time, even with a very successful procedure," agrees Dr. Melamed. "Nevertheless, more people are using SLT and more papers about it are appearing in the literature."
Despite their positive experience with SLT, all of our surgeons said they wouldn't rush to suggest dropping medications as a first-line option. "Eye drops are safe and effective, and they are part of the traditional treatment paradigm, so they should be offered as an option to the patient," says Dr. Hutnik. "At the moment, we don't know if SLT wears off sooner than the first-line drug. But we also don't know what the cumulative effect of putting medications on an eye for many years will be."
"I think you should offer both to your patients with some discussion of their advantages and disadvantages," says Dr. Gedde. "Let the patients be very involved in the decision about what will work best for them. Some people are very put off by the idea of any invasive procedure, even a minimally invasive one such as laser treatment. Others are very interested in avoiding chronic medical therapy."
Whether or not SLT will ever replace medications as a first-line therapy, it's clear that it's coming on strong as a primary treatment option. "If you're 55 years old and I can delay your needing eye drops until you're 65, I'm doing you a favor," says Dr. Hutnik. "Even if you're very compliant, I'm saving you some money and I'm not exposing your eyes to the side effects of the medications."
Dr. Melamed adds that drugs have potential complications. "You have to take them continuously for life, and the cost is ongoing," he notes. "I'm not suggesting medical treatment should be eliminated, but given that SLT is at least as effective as medical treatment, has an almost 100-percent safety profile, and almost certainly costs less over time even with repeated treatment, I think it should definitely be considered as a primary procedure."
Currently, surgeons and researchers are working to answer some of the remaining questions that may help maximize SLT's effectiveness. One study, designed to identify factors that might predict greater IOP reduction after SLT in ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma patients, was profiled at this year's Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology meeting (A. J. Mao AJ et al. IOVS 2007;48:E-Abstract 3978.) Data from 220 patients showed that SLT efficacy was positively associated with IOP elevation prior to laser treatment and adversely associated with the maximum IOP ever recorded in the patient's history. There was no connection between efficacy and pigmentation of the anterior chamber angle.
Other researchers are investigating whether SLT is more effective in some situations than others. "My feeling is that SLT is more effective with certain glaucomas," says Dr. Hutnik, "and it probably works better in conjunction with some classes of medication." She says her group is currently analyzing data in hopes of shedding light on both of these possibilities.
1. McIlraith I, Strasfeld M, Colev G, Hutnik CM. Selective laser trabeculoplasty as initial and adjunctive treatment for open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2006;15:2:124-30.
2. Melamed S, Ben Simon GJ, Levkovitch-Verbin H. Selective laser trabeculoplasty as primary treatment for open-angle glaucoma: A prospective, nonrandomized pilot study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123:1:127.
3. Lee AC, Mosaed S, Weinreb RN, Kripke DF, Liu JHK. Effect of Laser Trabeculoplasty on Nocturnal Intraocular Pressure in Medically Treated Glaucoma Patients. Ophthalmology 2007;114:4:666-670.
4. The Glaucoma Laser Trial Research Group. The Glaucoma Laser Trial (GLT): 2. Results of argon laser trabeculoplasty versus topical medicines. Ophthalmology. 1990; 97:11:1403-13.