text:
he had stooped down, he beholdeth the linen bands lying by themselves*, and went home wondering at that which
was come to pass. 13 And, behold, two of the disciples went on that day to a
town called Emmaus ; which is distant from Jerusalem 14 about sixty furlongs. And they conversed together of all 15 these things which had happened. And it came to pass
that, while they conversed and reasoned, Jesus himself 16 drew near, and went with them. But their eyes were 17 holden t, that they might not know him. And he said
unto them, "what words are these which ye use one to 18 another as ye walk, and are of a sad countenance ?" And
one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answered and said unto him, " Art thou the only sojourner in Jerusa
lem, that hast not known the things which are come · 19 to pass there in these days ?" And he said unto them,
" What things ?" And they said unto him, " Those con
cerning Jesus of Nazareth, that was a prophet mighty in 20 deed and word before God and all the people : and how
the chief.priests and our rulers delivered him up to be 21 condemned to death, and crucified him. But we trusted
that it was he who was about to redeem | Israel. And be
sides all this, to-day is the third day since these things 22 were done. Moreover, some women also of our com
pany have amazed us ; who were early at the sepulchre, 23 and, when they found not his body, came, saying that
they had even seen a vision of angels, who said that he is 24 alive. And some of those who consort with us went to
the sepulchre, and found it so as the women had said : 25 but him they saw not." Then he said unto them, " ()
unwise, and slow of heart to believe all which the pro
Or, only the linen bands lying. † They did not attentively view him; his dress was unusual ; they thought his appearance an impossibility; and the divine power may have restraincel them from so beholding him as to know him. See Kypke. N.
* Or, that this man was about to redeem.
26 phets have spoken! Ought not the Christ to have suffered 27 these things, and to enter into his glory ?" * Then he
began and explained to them from Moses and all the
prophets, in all the scriptures, the things concerning 28 himself. And they drew near to the town whither they
were going ; and he made a show that he was going 29 further. But they constrained him ; saying, " Abide with
us : for it is toward evening, and the day is far spent." 30 And he went in to abide with them. And it came to pass
as he was at meat with them, that he took bread, and 31 blessed, and brake it, and gave it to them. And their
eyes were opened, and they knew him : and he ceased to 32 be seen by them. Then they said one to another, " Did
not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us on
the way, and while he explained to us the scriptures?" 33 And they rose up that very hour, and returned to Je
rusalem, and found the eleven gathered together, and 34 those who consorted with them ; saying, " The Lord is 35 risen indeed, and hath appeared to Simon." And they
told the things which had happened on the way; and that
Jesus was known by them in the breaking of bread. 36 And while they were thus speaking, Jesus himself stood
in the midst of them, and saith to them, " Peace be unto 37 you." But they were terrified and affrighted, and sup38 posed that they beheld a spirit. And he said unto them,
" Why are ye troubled ? and why do thoughts arise in 39 your hearts ? see my hands and my feet, that it is I my
self: handle me, and see me : for a spirit hath not flesh 40 and bones, as ye behold that I have." And when he had 41 thus spoken, he showed them his hands and his feet. And
while they still believed not through joy, and wondered, 42 he said unto them, " Have ye here any food ?" And they
gave him a piece of a broiled fish, and of a honey43 comb. And he took and ate of them in their presence.
* Or, Then he began from Moses, and went through all the prophets, and etc.
44 And he said unto them, " These are the words which
I spake unto you, while I was yet with you ; That all things must be fulfilled which were written in the law of
Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms, concern45 ing me." Then he opened their mind, that they might 46 understand the scriptures; and said unto them, " Thus it
is written, and thus the Christ ought to suffer, and to rise 47 again from the dead the third day : and repentance and
remission of sins ought to be preached in his name among 48 all the nations, having begun from Jerusalem. And ye 49 are witnesses of these things. And, behold, I will send
upon you the promise made by my Father : but stay ye* in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power
from on high." 50 And he led them out to Bethany ; and lifted up his 51 hands, and blessed them. And it came to pass that, while
he blessed them, he was parted from them, and carried 52 up into heaven. And they did him obeisance, and re53 turned to Jerusalem with great joy : and were continually
in the temple, praising and blessing God. f
• So W. dwell, N. † The postscripts to Luke's history are various and uncertain. In some it is said, that the gospel according to Luke was written in Greek, and published at Alexandria ; others say at Rome, and others, more probably, in Achaia and Baotia. It is added, in some copies, that it was written at the suggestion of the blessed Paul, fifteen years after the ascension of Christ.
THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO
THE Word* was in the beginningt, and the Word was 2 with Godt, and the Word was a god tt. This Word was 3 in the beginning with God II. All things were done by
* The Word.] " Jesus is so called, because God revealed himself, or luis word, by him." Newcome. The same title is given to Christ, Luke i. 2. For the same reason be is called the Word of life. 1 John i. 1. which passage is so clear and useful a comment upon the proem to the gospel, that it may be proper to cite the whole of it. " That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled of the Word of life ; for the Life was manifested, and we have seen it, and bear witness, and show unto you, that eternal Life which was with the Father, and was manifested unto us; that which we have seen and heard, declare we unto you." By a similar metonymy Christ is called the Life, the Light, the Way, the Truth, and the Resurrection. See Cappe's Dissert. vol. i. p. 19.
† in the beginning. ] Or, from the first, i. e. from the commencement of the gospel dispensation, or of the ministry of Christ. This is the usual sense of the word in the writings of this evangelist. John vi. 64, Jesus knew from the beginning, or from the first; ch. xv. 27, ye have been with me from the beginning. See ch. svi. 14 ; i. 24; iii, 11 ; also 1 John i. 1; ii. 7, 8; 2 John 6, 7. Nor is this sense of the word uncommon in other passages of the New Testament. 2 Thess. ii, 13 ; Phil. iv. 15; Luke i. 2.
| the Woril rons with God.) He withdrew from the world to commune with God, and to receive divine instructions and qualifications previously to his public ministry. As Moses was with God in the mount, Exod. xxxiv. 28, so was Christ in the wilderness, or clsewhere, to be instructed and disciplined for his high and important office. See Cappe, ibid. p. 22.
tt and the Word was a god.) " was God," Newcome. Jesus received a commission as a prophet of the Most High, and was invested with extraordinary miraculous powers. Bui, in the Jewish phraseology, they were called gods to whom the word of God came. John X. 35. So Moses is declared to be a god to Pharoah. Exod. vi. 1. Some translate the passage, God was the Worl. q. d. it was not so properly he that spake to men, as God that spake to them by him. Cappe, ibid. See John X. 30, compared with xvii. 8, 11, 16; iji. 34 ; v. 23 ; xli. 44. Crellius conjectured that the true reading was
£8, the Word was God's, q, d. the first teacher of the gospel derived his coinmission fiom God. But this conjecture, however plausible, rests upon no authority.
I was in the brginning with God.] Before he entererl upon his ministry he was fully in structed, by intercourse with God, in the nature and extent of his commission.
him ; and without him was not any thing done that 4 hath been done. By him was lifet ; and the life was the 5 light of men. And the light shone in darkness; and the
darkness overspread it notf. 6 There was a man sent from Godll, whose name was 7 John. This man came for a testimony, to testify of the 8 Light ; so that through him all might believe. He was 9 not that Light, but was sent to testify of that Light. That
was the true Light, which having come into the world is 10 enlightening every man III. He was in the worldl, and the
world was enlightened by him**, and yet the world knew
. All things were done by him.] "All things were made by him, and without him was not any thing made that was made." Newcome : who explains it of the creation of the visible material world by Christ, as the agent and instrument of God. See bis notes en ver. 3 and 10. But this is a sense which the word EYEVETO will not admit. rrroust accun Opwards of seven hundred times in the New Testament, but never in the sense of create. It signifies in this gospel, (where it occurs fifty-three times.) to be, to come, to become, to come to pass : also, to be done or transacted, chap. xv. 7; xix. 36. It has the latter sense, Matt. v. 18; vi. 8; xxi. 42 ; xvi. 6. All things in the christian dispensation were done by Christ, i. e. by his authority, and according to his direction; and in the ministry committed to his apostles, nothing has been done without his warrant. See John xv. 4, 5, "Without me ye can do nothing." Compare ver. 7, 10, 16; John xvii. 8 ; Col. i. 16, 17. Cappe, ibid.
† By him was life.] " In him was life," Newcome. Christ was the revealer of life * With bim were the words of eternal life ;" John vi. 68 ; 1 John v. 11. Hence he is called "the Word of Life," 1 John i. 1. " This Life," (i. e, Jesus, who is now called the Life, as he was before called the Word.) " was the light of men," the great instructer of mankind.
the darkness perspread it net.) See ch. xii. 35. " Its lustre was not impaired by the darkness which surrounded it," Newcome. Or, " the darkness admitted it not." See ver. 10-12; ch. iii. 19.
I a man sent from God.] This illustrates ver. 1, 2. To be sent from God implies that he had been first with God. Cappe, ibid. p. 23.
II which coming into the world is enlightening every man.) " which enlighteneth Every man coming into the world," Newcome : but in his notes he gives the former interpretation; and refers to ch. ii. 19; xij. 46. This light is enlightening every man, not every individual, but every one who is willing to improve it: or rather is diffusing light without distinction, both over the Jewish and the Heathen world, Matt, xxvii. 19; John xii. 32; Col. i. 23; Rom. ü. 10; 1 Tim. ii. 4. Cappe, ibid. p. 48.
He was in the world.] He appeared in public as the prophet and messenger of God. John xvii. 18 ; xviä. 37.
* and the world was enlightened by him.] • koruos di' AUTY EYEYETO. The common version, adopted by Abp. Newcome, is, 'the world was made by him," mean. ing that "the visible material world was created by him." But this, as was observed before in the note on verse 3, is inadmissible, as the word EyEVETO never boars that


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There is a common theme in research, articles, and newspapers on "devices" being bad for "x activity." However, as Beth says, it's not the device! It's what we or are students are doing. She also said that we're not going to talk about "going paperless" because, as Shawn McCusker says, "Paperless is a bureaucratic preference, not a learning objective!" This is how we justify costs to our bureaucrats.
Beth now tells us her story (telling your story is a theme today). When she was a college student, she was trying to write a paper on a Mac. However, the Mac wasn't cooperating with her and she wasn't getting her assignment done. However, in the bathroom, she came across a roll of paper towels. She then rolled it out and used it to write out her work. It was the right tool for her at the right time.
So the technology that she had to build her project (paper towels and markers), but had to complete the process in the Mac. The moral behind this is that we are not going to put our technology on a pedestal. So many people claim that the tools are "interactive," but it's really electronic whac-a-mole. It has no objective.
So what part of that scene was writing? The punching of the keys or the process of getting content out of your brain and onto the paper.
Students organize and draft on paper, submit it to the teacher, the teacher annotates the paper, then students get it back and may or may not keep that paper. This is a straight forward and one dimensional process.
Writing went digital! Students can draft digitally. You can even draft in a non-linear pattern, using mind-mapping tools, create a storyboard, etc. Students and teachers can collaborate and incorporate tools. You can use multimodal feedback (audio, video, etc). The final product can even be shared or published!
Now we have a mobile devices. Beth asks us, who writes on their smart phone? The small screen is problematic as we have to slow down. However, we have this everywhere. Students can organize and draft (using multi-model tools) from anywhere. Students and teachers can then collaborate and incorporate multimodal feedback across devices. The final product can be shared, published, or modified. Beth likes to use Penultimate to draft both physically and electronically. She then shares it with Evernote and then puts it in Google Drive to share and collaborate (sometimes with me).
In addition to typing, she can talk into the device. For students with learning differences, you can speak into the tool. This is also a great way to get students to think about formation of words and sentences; like with formal poetry.
Because students all have devices, we have a ubiquitous opportunity of screens. We can see what our students are doing outside of the classroom. It doesn't matter what the tool is, it's that we're starting to bring up this opportunity.
So if we're looking at multi-media eBooks, the issue isn't the device, it's the behavior. Perhaps not look at multi-media eBooks as a "book" but as something else. Students can read a text on a digitized device. So think about how students are reading, not the device. Start to bring together the digital and the analogue.
Beth now highlights TodaysMeet, a tool for backchanneling. This a tool that allows students to collaborate behind the scenes. In a class where students were reading about the Holocaust, the teacher asked students write down questions as they popped up in the reading on the Today's Meet.
By setting up the Today's Meet, he got input from students who were normally silent during class. He gave students a voice, even in a quiet room. Using the screen in a meaningful and powerful way. These tools can give students a voice and extend the experience to outside of the classroom. These are not possible without paper.
When thinking about screens and process, realize that it's not the same thing with every person and every child. Start thinking about different students and their individual needs. You may have a student that needs to look up every word in a story. With a built in dictionary, you can "tap and know" (Shawn McCusker). You can even manage dictionaries. On a web browser, you can clean up the view and remove the ads or increase the font size. You can also "find" on the screen to look up the information that you're looking for on a page. So if you want the population of Liberia in 2010, you can go to the website and search using "find" for the population. This allows students to focus their reading. Students can even look up words in context. Technology allows for differentiation at a higher level. Anything that is text can be heard by students. This is a great way to improve learning outcomes for younger students that are struggling with literacy.
There was a prominent article called "The Pen is Mightier than the Keyboard." After having students listen to a lecture-based class and take notes via hand and keyboard. After the lecture, students took a test and they found that those with handwritten notes did better. However, they did not do an assessment later. What would have happened if students were assessed at a later date? Is it the keyboard's fault or another example of the right tool for the write task? This is similar to the debate over quill pens and ink pens.
Beth highlights the fact that we have a lot of choice and variety. The reality is that it depends on the student, learning style, and task. Beth references her article in Edutopia (link at the top). Digitized notes allow you to save, archive, curate, and reference it easily later (via search tools). How often have we had a student put their English notes in their Science notebook? If that student could search his notes would that help him? Would that facilitate that asymmetric impact? We need to empower our learners. Can you save, search, and share your work?
Beth finishes up with the point that we need to find balance with using screens. There is a book called Screen Time by Lisa Guernsey. She argues that it's about balance. Do we want kids watching 5 hours of Scoobie Doo every day? Probably not. However, it's balance. The questions you should ask are: is it appropriate, meaningful, and empowering?
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Beth Holland, EdTechTeacher, English, ettipad, ettipad2014, iOS, iPad, ipad summit, keyboarding, reading on screens, screen time, students, writing, writing process on November 14, 2014 by Jennifer Carey.
Now that we're in a 2.0 world, writing has become a Digital Process. We can use tools like Google Drive to provide simultaneous feedback or even use audio comments instead of written ones. I wrote about leaving Voice Comments in Google Docs.
Beth highlights the fact that we now live in a world in which writing is becoming mobile. Not just in the sense that we can pick up and go with our material, but that we can use multiple tools to scaffold and create our pre-writing projects. Not just the output, but the input! For those that need to hand-write for thought and comprehension, you can use apps like Penultimate that allow you to incorporate it into other applications (like Evernote). In addition to written notes, you can also use voice tools like Siri to help you think about and reflect on your content. Using multiple modalities allows you to explore the writing process in multiple ways.
Sam is now speaking about the tool "Speak Selection" that can be helpful for students with learning differences. Students that are speaking back and forth with the iPad, including punctuation, involve greater interactivity with the writing process. Students have to slow down and think about various elements of writing that are normally silent. Ultimately, writing is about communication!
Another great way to use the iPad in the writing process is to MindMap. The iPad construction facilitates mind-mapping in a kinesthetic way. Students can map out their writing visually, using gestures, incorporating various media, etc.
Effective writing is also collaborative. There are many tools that you can use to make writing more collaborative, the most popular is Google Drive but there are many others (I also love Evernote for this purpose). It allows users to peer edit, see revisions, make comments, and more. There are many more ways you can provide feedback. For example, you can provide feedback via screencasting (using tools like ScreenChomp or Explain Everything).
Apple has begun to ship all new iOS devices (including iPads) with Pages. Using the technique of App Smashing (thanks Greg Kulowiecek and the great write-up by Beth on "Unleashing Creativity: App Smashing"). Beth highlights that we need to get beyond the 8.5 x 11 mindset (as stated by Shawn McCusker). Yes, the five paragraph essay has its place but writing has become so much more than that. Sam highlights that these tools can also help us to assess our students' work – turning on speech to text, for example, can help us to explore a student's piece in a different way.
In addition to a traditional writing project, we can use lesson plans such as digital storytelling to demonstrate mastery. I did this recently with my students, having them make documentaries about US History. Incorporating imagery and sound makes the process more involved and allows students to demonstrate multiple intelligences.
Writing does not need to be a solitary experience. It can be collaborative (just like presenting, right ladies?). With tools like Book Builder and the internet, students can collaborate with people outside of their classroom and even in another country! By creating visual elements, there is a digital literacy component. This includes exploring copyright and faire use. So, Beth asks, these are videos and little to no text – is this a "writing assignment"? Beth then asks, what about this as a poetry unit?
Not only does it explore the traditional elements of poetry (structure, meter, etc), but incorporates multiple dimensions to further explore the topic. Beth says that the iPad with its multiple modalities and mobile elements allows for students and teachers to greater explore their work and the products of others.
This entry was posted in Apple, Education, Educational Resources, Educational Technology, Lesson Plan, Pedagogy, Teachers, Technology and tagged Beth Holland, EdTechTeacher, Education, Educational Technology, ettipad, iPad, ipad summit, iPaded, Samantha Morra, the Writing Process, writing process on November 15, 2013 by Jennifer Carey.


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The Science of Health Blog
Dreaming in Sleep
Larry A. Law
Dreams occur during the phase of sleep called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. REM sleep is characterized by strong activity in the visual, motor, emotional, and autobiographical memory regions of the brain. In conjunction with this increase in activity there is a decrease in the prefrontal cortex regions that control rationale thought. Dreaming overnight appears to be a form of brain therapy where our brain seeks to resolve emotional problems. Dreams can take the painful sting out of difficult and traumatic episodes experienced during the day.
Dreaming takes the day's valuable experiences and put them into perspective by integrating them with existing knowledge. The brain is able to forget or dissolve painful, emotional feelings wrapped around particular memories. Dr. Matthew Walker has done significant work with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients by lowering levels of noradrenaline during sleep. This allows people to restore healthier, quality REM sleep. Healthy REM sleep allows the brain to resolve even traumatic nightmares.
Dr. Sigmund Freud believed dreams came from unconscious wishes that had not been fulfilled. Researchers investigating the validity of his theory had different Freudian psychoanalysts interpret the same dream of an individual. If the Freudian theory was scientifically reliable and had clear structured rules and metrics that the therapists could apply, then their respective interpretations of a particular dream should have been the same--or at least very similar. However, when analyzed, the Freudian psychoanalysts all gave vastly different interpretations of the same dream. There was no consistency. Rather like horoscopes, the interpretations offered were too general to be useful.
Deep REM-sleep dreaming allows the gist of daily thoughts and experiences to meld together in innovative ways that often result in new, creative solutions seemingly beyond the native capabilities of the individual. There are countless stories of people working on problems for days, weeks and years who suddenly have an epiphany which solves complicated problems or brings new ideas or inspiration to the forefront. Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev had a dream where all the elements of the periodic table came together into place. He had worked on trying to find patterns between the known elements for years. But on February 17, 1869 the dream brought all the pieces together in one night. When he woke up, he immediately wrote down the table on a piece of paper. Otto Loewi dreamed of a clever experiment with two frog hearts that revealed how nerve cells communicate with each other using chemicals (neurotransmitters) released across tiny gaps that separate them (synapses), rather than direct electrical signalling that could only happen if they were physically touching each other. This insight was so profound it won him a Nobel Prize.
Paul McCartney's hit songs "Yesterday" and "Let It Be" both came to him in his sleep. He said he woke up with a lovely tune in his head and sat down at the piano and it all flowed out. Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones routinely kept a guitar and tape recorder at his bedside to record ideas that would come to him. On May 7, 1965 he woke up and saw that his tape had run to the very end so he played it back. At the beginning of the tape was an entire verse of the song, "Satisfaction" followed by 40 minutes of snoring.
Scientists have shown that babies are able to deduce high-level grammatical structure from new language they hear, but only after they have slept following the initial exposure. REM-sleep is especially dominant during this early-life window of time and now appears to play a critical role in language development. The role dreams and REM-sleep have in our developing life is crucial. Researchers estimate that 35 to 55% of emotional themes and concerns that participants have during the day will resurface in the dreams they have at night. Researchers have begun to break the code of dreams. By watching brainwaves they can even predict specific things a person is dreaming about (a car, a person, etc.). For better or for worse, our dreams may no longer be private experiences. It will be exciting to see what scientists learn in the future as they continue to study our dreams.
One thing is certain: when we are healthy and getting a good night's sleep, we will be much more rested and more likely to remember our dreams. It's no fun staying awake all night counting sheep. If you would like to improve upon your sleep, see my book for foundational components critical for a well-functioning immune system.
Great article! I have had sleep issues for the past 15 years, the older I get the worse it gets. I never dream. I have a signed book from you and was wondering if you could point me in the right direction for better sleep?
Larry Law
Unfortunately, I don't address sleep in my book but I do have some recommendations that will be appearing in a future Blog post. If you are in a hurry to see what they are, send an email to Support@AngiesOptionGRM.org and I will send you an advance copy of what I have prepared and hopefully the suggestions will prove to be of some help. So sorry you are missing out on quality sleep but there is real hope.
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text:
Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century
Y. H. Chen, Marco Ceccarelli, Hong-Sen Yan
機械工程學系
Zhan's five wheels sand clock was a significant design of time-keeping device in China during the 14th century. With a sand wheel as the power source and four pairs of gears as the transmission system, it was able to indicate time by its hand on the clock dial. Although this invention is not preserved, an ancient literature provides a clear record of its mechanical structure of gear transmission with engineering data. This paper introduces the background of Zhan's sand clock and presents a translation version of those descriptions of this device. Moreover, a mechanical analysis is made based on the engineering data provided in the original literature, and all relevant factors and mechanical design parameters about its power source are listed and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of Zhan's sand clock is verified through a reconstruction design and prototype testing.
主出版物標題
History of Mechanism and Machine Science
發行者
Published - 2019 一月 1
出版系列
ISSN(列印)
ISSN(電子)
Instrument dials
Chen, Y. H., Ceccarelli, M., & Yan, H-S. (2019). Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century. 於 History of Mechanism and Machine Science (頁 123-133). (History of Mechanism and Machine Science; 卷 37). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03538-9_11
Chen, Y. H. ; Ceccarelli, Marco ; Yan, Hong-Sen. / Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century. History of Mechanism and Machine Science. Springer, 2019. 頁 123-133 (History of Mechanism and Machine Science).
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title = "Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century",
abstract = "Zhan's five wheels sand clock was a significant design of time-keeping device in China during the 14th century. With a sand wheel as the power source and four pairs of gears as the transmission system, it was able to indicate time by its hand on the clock dial. Although this invention is not preserved, an ancient literature provides a clear record of its mechanical structure of gear transmission with engineering data. This paper introduces the background of Zhan's sand clock and presents a translation version of those descriptions of this device. Moreover, a mechanical analysis is made based on the engineering data provided in the original literature, and all relevant factors and mechanical design parameters about its power source are listed and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of Zhan's sand clock is verified through a reconstruction design and prototype testing.",
author = "Chen, {Y. H.} and Marco Ceccarelli and Hong-Sen Yan",
series = "History of Mechanism and Machine Science",
booktitle = "History of Mechanism and Machine Science",
Chen, YH, Ceccarelli, M & Yan, H-S 2019, Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century. 於 History of Mechanism and Machine Science. History of Mechanism and Machine Science, 卷 37, Springer, 頁 123-133. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03538-9_11
Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century. / Chen, Y. H.; Ceccarelli, Marco; Yan, Hong-Sen.
History of Mechanism and Machine Science. Springer, 2019. p. 123-133 (History of Mechanism and Machine Science; 卷 37).
T1 - Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century
AU - Chen, Y. H.
AU - Ceccarelli, Marco
AU - Yan, Hong-Sen
N2 - Zhan's five wheels sand clock was a significant design of time-keeping device in China during the 14th century. With a sand wheel as the power source and four pairs of gears as the transmission system, it was able to indicate time by its hand on the clock dial. Although this invention is not preserved, an ancient literature provides a clear record of its mechanical structure of gear transmission with engineering data. This paper introduces the background of Zhan's sand clock and presents a translation version of those descriptions of this device. Moreover, a mechanical analysis is made based on the engineering data provided in the original literature, and all relevant factors and mechanical design parameters about its power source are listed and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of Zhan's sand clock is verified through a reconstruction design and prototype testing.
AB - Zhan's five wheels sand clock was a significant design of time-keeping device in China during the 14th century. With a sand wheel as the power source and four pairs of gears as the transmission system, it was able to indicate time by its hand on the clock dial. Although this invention is not preserved, an ancient literature provides a clear record of its mechanical structure of gear transmission with engineering data. This paper introduces the background of Zhan's sand clock and presents a translation version of those descriptions of this device. Moreover, a mechanical analysis is made based on the engineering data provided in the original literature, and all relevant factors and mechanical design parameters about its power source are listed and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of Zhan's sand clock is verified through a reconstruction design and prototype testing.
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Chen YH, Ceccarelli M, Yan H-S. Reconstruction and analysis of Zhan's sand clock in the 14th century. 於 History of Mechanism and Machine Science. Springer. 2019. p. 123-133. (History of Mechanism and Machine Science). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03538-9_11


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Q: How do I make my django app load content as I scroll? I'm sure this problem has multiple solutions. I am currently designing a web application to feature an interface similar to what you would see in a Facebook Activity Stream, in terms of how the content loads.

I want the page to:
Load a given number of objects initially
Load the next set of objects once the user reaches the object at the bottom of the screen, AKA when object, say, 15, becomes visible onscreen, I want to load 15 more objects, and do the same when object 30 appears etc.

I have, in my database, potentially hundreds of thousands of these entries, and I want to make sure the user only has to load a given number at a time to reduce stress on the servers etc.
Since I'm using Django, I figured this would be some really cool JS mixed with django-template language, but I'm not really sure.
Is this more of a CSS problem?
Where do I start in thinking of this? What technologies should I consider? Are there any well known modules I can take advantage of here?
Thanks for your time.

A: I take it as you are confident in your Django skill.
If you want to do yourself, then jQuery and jQuery.ajax are 2 things you need to read carefully. Basically you need to check with jQuery if the user scroll to the end of the page, then make ajax call to Django to fetch new data and append to bottom of the page.
If you want to use a ready made package, I think Django endless pagination will do the job.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Tried the fiber optic point source assembly again. With some mods.
Additional baffle, on the right, to stabilise the strand. It was easier to align with the white LED. Wrapped a tube of aluminum foil around the emitter and strand. And, finally, enshrouded the fiber, as it emerged from the box, at the bottom right, in a short length of black shrink wrap.
Moved the camera a bit to better centre the Y-mask. Look at this neat diffraction rings. Light like water... Ugh. Dirty filter.
Focused with the computer. Again, doable at 200% zoom, in the dark. But it didn't seem much better. Remembered this time, to expose at a low ISO to cut some of the noise. Meh.
OK. Experiment 2. Simple: emitter; foil shield. Pin hole made with a small-diameter sewing fabric pin. Then aligned the shield at the centre bright spot of the emitter. A movable shield.
And I could tell, right away, it was way brighter. And bit bluish now too. Changed the white balance, from flash to daylight.
Some much easier! On the computer, at 100% zoom, it was still easier. The diffraction pattern was visible without Zoom View panel. This is much better.
Shut down the software on the computer and slid over to the camera itself. Hit the Set button. Zoomed in. Easy peasy.
More than enough light, I realised. In fact, I dropped the voltage from 7.5 to 6.0. Less strain on the LED. Also changed the angle slightly and tilting the box down a titch.
Shot at the camera, this last image, manually focused, eyeballed the Live View on the camera body. I.e. shot by hand, essentially without aid. Meaning, I didn't use a big computer monitor. And it was no problem. No ambiguity or doubt. I knew I had the focus before I pulled the trigger.
Clearly, the simple configuration is the best. And it will be easier to build!
The upshot of all this fiddling is that I have a working solution for a false star for focusing and collimation. Simple electronics: 9-11K white LED, resistor, power source. Thin metal shield with small pinhole.
So the next steps are to make some sort of opaque enclosure with the LED permanently mounted or fixed. It must not move. The front of the enclosure will have a movable shield.
Wondering about power. I've got it working at 6 volts so that means a small battery pack could work. And if I provide a common port for an external power source, it can be run off an adapter when near AC.
I'm also wondering about placement and angles. It might be quick useful that this could be mounted on a tripod.


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Yahoo Finance1mon
Penguin Random House CEO Markus Dohle is stepping down
NEW YORK (AP) — The CEO of Penguin Random House, the world's largest trade publisher, is stepping down. Markus Dohle's decision, effective at the end of the year, comes just weeks after a ...
Penguin Random House US CEO Madeline McIntosh to step down
The departures all follow last fall's ruling by a federal judge to block the company's attempted purchase of rival publisher Simon & Schuster, and an antitrust trial in Washington, D.C. last summer ...
BBC1mon
Penguin Random House boss resigns after Simon & Schuster deal fails
Markus Dohle will step down at the end of the year, the company said, adding that he was parting at "his own request and on the best of mutual terms". Mr Dohle had led Penguin since 2013 ...
New York Magazine20d
Markus Dohle's Big Flop: What Penguin Random House's Failed Bid to Eat S&S Means for Publishing
But all eyes were on Markus Dohle ... and she's too clamped down." The management tussle on display in the trial posed a quandary: If Dohle was agitated that his U.S. operation was being ...
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Stitch Fix to Cut 20% of Salaried Jobs, CEO Stepping Down
Stitch Fix Inc. said it is cutting 20% of the company's salaried jobs, its second major downsizing in the past year, and that its founder would return to lead the personal shopping and styling ...
Markus Dohle's Failed Bid to Eat Simon & Schuster
What Penguin Random House's failed bid to eat Simon & Schuster means for publishing.
The Advocate28d
Walk-On's founder stepping down as CEO; here's who will replace him
Brandon Landry, the former LSU basketball player who co-founded the Walk-On's Sports Bistreaux restaurant chain two decades ago in Baton Rouge, is stepping down as chief executive officer but ...
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Lattrell stepping down on Saturday
29—NORWALK — The search for a new fire chief in Norwalk officially begins Saturday when Ron Luttrell steps down. Chief Ron Luttrell ... time for someone else to step in and lead the department.
MarketWatch27d
Alnylam Pharma Chairman is Stepping Down
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. said Thursday that Executive Chair Michael W. Bonney is stepping down. The biopharmaceutical company said that Amy W. Schulman, who joined the board of directors in ...


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Passenger advocate urges stranded Sunwing passengers in Mexico to take legal action
As hundreds of Canadians scramble to get home after their Sunwing flights from Mexico were cancelled last week, a passengers' rights advocate says stranded travellers should consider legal action if they aren't compensated by the airline.
Gabor Lukacs, president and founder of the Air Passenger Rights group, says passengers grappling with cancelled flights and inadequate information about when they might be rebooked should buy their own tickets home with a different carrier, and keep careful records and receipts of their expenses.
If Sunwing refuses to compensate them under the federal Air Passenger Protection Regulations, they should take the matter to small claims court, Lukacs said in an interview.
"We're at a point in Canada where suing an airline is not simply about your own money, it's about changing how they operate. It's about behaviour modification," he said. "And that's where the government is derelict in its duties to the public."
He said passengers should also phone their local member of Parliament and ask for better enforcement of passenger rights in Canada.
As of Sunday, hundreds of Canadian travellers were stuck in Cancun, Mexico after Sunwing cancelled their flights home. Some described being shuffled from hotel to hotel, sometimes arriving to find there were no rooms booked for them, while Sunwing officials offered inaccurate and incomplete information about when they might get home.
Sheldon de Souza said in an interview Monday that a similar situation is playing out in Puerto Vallarta on Mexico's west coast. He said he flew there with his wife, three kids and three family friends on Dec. 14, with a flight home scheduled with Sunwing on Dec. 21.
That flight was cancelled, though only some passengers were told, he said. Several days of incomplete information and confusion from Sunwing followed, he said.
He and a group of fellow passengers were moved to different hotels and asked to check out each day and report back to the lobby every hour, in case there was news of a flight.
Sunwing officials at the hotel would say there was a flight coming up then, hours later, would say it had been cancelled, de Souza said. He said in the meantime, the flights wouldn't show up on the airport's daily schedules, leading de Souza to believe he was being misled.
He said he booked himself a spot on an Air Canada flight back to Calgary on Dec. 23, which cost him about $1,000. His wife, his children and their friends managed to get a Sunwing flight home on Boxing Day, but only because they started showing up at the airport to push for a spot, he said.
He said they had snagged seats on a Sunwing flight to Edmonton late on Christmas Day, even making it to the gate with boarding passes. But then officials said the crew were beyond their allowed maximum working hours and the plane was cancelled.
"It felt like Sunwing just abandoned us, they didn't care," de Souza said. "It's not even that they made an effort, they forgot us."
He said there were "several hundred" Canadians stranded in Puerto Vallarta when he left, and some are likely still there.
The federal Air Passenger Protection Regulations mandates airlines to pay up to $1,000 in compensation for cancellations or significant delays that stem from reasons within the carrier's control when the notification comes 14 days or less before departure.
Lukacs said it's unlikely Sunwing will voluntarily pay up. The Canadian Transportation Agency, which acts as the federal airline regulator, doesn't do enough to hold airlines accountable, he said, so they don't feel much pressure to obey the rules.
Federal legislation grants the agency's enforcement officers the power to investigate companies and individuals it believes have broken the rules and to issue fines of up to $25,000.
The regulator's website shows that in the past five years, just one carrier — WestJet, for 55 instances in late January — has been fined for not providing adequate compensation to passengers. The total penalty was $11,000.
Lukacs said the agency isn't issuing enough fines. "The government is turning a blind eye to airlines' misconduct," he said.
Neither Sunwing nor the Canadian Transportation Agency responded immediately to a request for comment.
Sunwing said in an email Sunday that it cancelled the flights because of bad weather and that it was trying to get people home "in the coming days."
"Our teams are working hard to re-accommodate customers by subservicing aircraft where possible, in addition to arranging alternate hotels and transfers for those with overnight delays," the email said.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Dec. 26, 2022.
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Shorten Your Job Search by Writing a Compelling Value Proposition Letter — Part 1
Nick Kossovan
This is part one of a two-part series on writing a compelling value proposition letter.
There are many activities involved in job searching, such as networking, having an active result-oriented LinkedIn profile and resume, applying to jobs, interviewing, etc., to name a few. Aside from these job search activities, have you considered sending an unsolicited value proposition letter to potential employers?
What I am proposing is a networking technique that you should find comfortable. It is especially effective if you work in a niche industry (e.g., biofuels, pet insurance, medical tourism, hydroponic farming) where there are few players or if you possess a set of highly sought-after skills (e.g., cloud computing, network security, auditing, fluency in multiple languages).
A value proposition letter's objective is to show how your skills and experience can solve, or at least be part of solving, an employer's problem(s) (READ: pain points).
"Yes, in next week's column." (Answer to the question you are now asking yourself, "Will I be providing examples of a value proposition letter?")
"Yes, actually, several." (Answer to, " Have you ever hired someone who sent you an unsolicited value proposition letter?")
In order to write a value proposition letter that will resonate with your target companies, begin by doing some research while asking yourself, "What are some of the possible problems they are facing? How can I be of assistance in solving them?" For example, is it your belief that long delivery times are causing an e-commerce site you visited to lose customers to Amazon? As a supply chain analyst with 15 years of experience, how would you address this issue?
Writing a value proposition letter requires using your right brain, where your emotions, intuition, and creativity reside. This is not a fill-in-the-blanks exercise. It is essential that your letter appears human-written, something that is becoming increasingly rare with AI technology becoming more easily available. It is you, not AI technology, who is offering your skills, knowledge, and experience to help an employer address pain points they might be experiencing, according to your best guess.
Something to note; your "pain point guess" guess may point out something the company's leadership team has never considered. In my above example, it is possible the company's leadership team may not have thought their long delivery times discourage potential customers from purchasing their products. (Do they look at their cart abandonment rate?)
The most common pain points employers face today are:
Keeping and expanding market share.
Enhancing profitability.
Increasing productivity and efficiency.
Keeping up with and implementing technological advancements.
Supply chain issues causing order fulfillment issues.
Managing employee benefits and payroll costs.
Recruiting and retaining qualified employees with the right mindset and attitude.
If you have the skills and experience (READ: a proven track record) to address any of the above-mentioned pain points, then most employers will view you as gold.
With all the talk about a recession on the horizon, how can your skills and experience help employers weather the predicted economic slump?
Once you have identified your targeted employer's potential pain points, you can start crafting your value proposition letter to sell your skills and experience to address those pain points.
There are four elements to a pain letter.
The employer's pain point, which is either explicit or you believe exists.
Persuasively describe how your skills and experience can address the employer's pain point.
It is essential to show that you understand the company's goals and values. For instance, not every company is concerned with increasing its market share. Some companies are more focused on becoming environmentally sustainable or being seen as socially conscious. With this understanding, you will be on point explaining, confidently, how your combination of skills, experience, and knowledge can help the company achieve its goals.
Also important is being specific! Use numbers to quantify your achievements and results. Your opinion has no place in a value proposition letter. Likewise, your opinion has no place in your job search. At all times, you need to provide a solid, undeniable reason why you would be a value add to an employer, not your opinions of yourself, which is what most job seekers do. Numbers, the language of business, helps employers see your impact in your previous roles.
TIP: Throughout your job search, you do not want employers struggling to figure out what value you can add to their organization, hence why they should hire you. Therefore, use quantitative numbers throughout your LinkedIn profile, resume, cover letter and when interviewing… and in your value proposition letter.
A compelling value proposition letter convincingly conveys to potential employers how you would be a value add to their company. In my next column, I will provide examples of a value proposition letter, as promised earlier. In the meantime, compile a list of employers you would like to work for (Why not go one step further and find the contact information of those most likely to make hiring decisions, such as managers, directors, and C-suite executives?), their possible pain points, and how your skills and experience can ease their pain.
Nick Kossovan, a well-seasoned veteran of the corporate landscape, offers "unsweetened" job search advice. You can send Nick your questions to artoffindingwork@gmail.com.
All You Need to Know About Book Translation
If you're considering translating a book or other written material into another language, it's important to understand the process behind successful book translation. To translate books is not as simple as switching out words from one language to another; instead, the nuances of tone and meaning must be carefully captured in both languages for the full effect of the original work to be preserved.
What Is a Literary Translator?
A literary translator is a professional translator who has studied the particular language and culture of the source material, as well as the target language. This specialized training helps them to accurately capture both the meaning and spirit of the original work in their translations. They must also be able to read complex texts quickly and recognize subtle nuances in language that may not be immediately obvious.
What Does Book Translation Involve?
The process of book translation starts with a thorough review and analysis of the source material. The translator must identify key concepts, understand the context, and recognize any potential ambiguities in order to provide an accurate translation. It is also important for the translator to have a deep understanding of the target language, including idioms and cultural references.
Once the source text is analyzed, the translator begins translating it into the target language in a way that preserves both meaning and tone of the original work. This process can be time consuming and difficult, as the translator must ensure accuracy while conveying subtle nuances. After completing their translation, the translator then proofreads and edits it to ensure accuracy before delivering the finished product.
What Are the Benefits of Book Translation?
Book translation has many benefits, both for authors and readers. Translating books can help widen an author's reach, allowing them to connect with a larger audience around the world. Translations can also help readers access texts they would otherwise be unable to, as not all languages have the same wealth of published material.
Book translation can also be an important tool in preserving and sharing cultural heritage. Translating books from one language to another helps keep traditions alive while providing a new audience with access to knowledge and ideas they may not have been able to experience otherwise.
Reason to Hire a Professional Literary Translator
Ensure Accuracy
When translating a text, accuracy is paramount. When you hire an experienced professional literary translator, you can rest assured that your text will be translated accurately and with an attention to detail that cannot be achieved by machine translation or even less experienced human translators.
Professional literary translators are familiar with the nuances of language and how certain words, phrases, and expressions can be interpreted differently depending on the context. They will craft each sentence precisely to ensure the intended meaning is accurately conveyed.
Time Efficiency
Hiring a professional literary translator helps you save time and energy when translating complex texts. Professional translators specialize in executing projects quickly and efficiently, so they are more likely to provide you with a completed draft sooner than if you were to attempt it yourself.
Moreover, they are well-versed in the tools of their trade, so they will be able to quickly identify any potential errors or discrepancies that may arise during the process. This helps to ensure that your project meets deadlines and is delivered on time and of the highest quality.
Preserve the Original Intention and Meaning of the Text
One of the most important benefits of hiring a professional literary translator is that they can preserve your text's original intention and meaning. Professional translators have an in-depth knowledge of both languages, so they can craft each sentence with precision to preserve the authenticity of your text.
By considering the cultural, linguistic, and literary differences between both languages, they can accurately convey the intended meaning while ensuring that it is relevant and appropriate for its intended audience. This ensures that the translated version of your text preserves its original message and intent.
Guarantee Quality
When you hire a professional literary translator, you can rest assured that the finished product will be of the highest quality. Professional translators are highly trained and have years of experience in the industry, so they know how to deliver high-quality translations that meet your expectations.
In addition, they usually employ a range of quality control measures to guarantee the accuracy, so you can be sure that the translated version of your text is free from mistakes and inconsistencies. This guarantees that the finished product is up to your standards and conveys the intended meaning accurately.
Although hiring a professional literary translator can be expensive, you can save money in the long run. Professional translators offer competitive rates and flexible payment options that make it easier to budget for your project. In addition, their experience and expertise mean they are likely to complete projects faster than if you were to attempt it yourself, so you can save on time and labor costs.
Cater to a Variety of Genres
Professional literary translators are versed in a variety of literary genres, including novels, short stories, plays, and poems. This means that they can accurately translate texts from one language to another no matter what genre it is written in.
This expertise enables them to adjust their translation style according to the book's genre they are working with, ensuring that the translation is accurate and appropriate for its intended audience. This is especially important when it comes to taking into account subtle differences in language use between different genres.
Book translation can be a great way for authors and publishers to expand their reach while also providing readers with access to knowledge and ideas worldwide. When finding the right translator for your project, be sure to hire a professional who is experienced in their field and understands the industry standards for quality control. With the right translator, your book will be accurately translated and ready to reach a new audience.
With that said, hiring a professional literary translator is an important step toward book translation success and can make all the difference in how your project turns out. By following these tips, you'll be able to find the right translator for your project and ensure that it is completed accurately and efficiently.
Kevin Carmichael: High interest rates bringing balance after years of housing overspending
Housing starts
Higher interest rates hurt, but they might be bringing some balance to Canada's economy after years of overspending on housing.
Statistics Canada on Jan. 31 said gross domestic product increased 0.1 per cent in November from the previous month, evidence the economy was approaching stall speed at year-end, just as the Bank of Canada predicted it would be.
It was the weakest month-to-month increase since January 2022, and there's little reason to anticipate a re-acceleration in December. Statistics Canada said preliminary data suggest GDP was unchanged last month, which implies the economy grew at an annual rate of 1.6 per cent in the fourth quarter, according to Bank of Montreal chief economist Douglas Porter.
That would be a slightly faster pace than the 1.3 per cent rate the Bank of Canada predicted in its latest economic outlook, but still considerably slower than the 2.9 per cent rate in the third quarter and the 3.2 per cent rate in the first quarter. The Bank of Canada's interest rate increases — four percentage points between March and December with an additional quarter-point lift last week — are starting to bite.
"Growth has come to a crawl," Charles St-Arnaud, chief economist at Alberta Central, said in a note to his clients.
Canada is coming off a long high of housing-led growth. It was fun for a while, especially for those who thought they had purchased a place to live only to discover they are now sitting on fortunes.
A crane stands between condo buildings in Toronto.
Population growth and limited supply were responsible for some of the demand that drove housing prices to rare heights over the past decade, but much of it was caused by ultra-low interest rates and a decision by households to pile up dangerous levels of debt. Now, interest rates are higher than some new homebuyers have ever seen, and the housing bubble is deflating.
One of the main causes of the decline in GDP in November was residential building construction, which dropped 1.8 per cent, the seventh decline in eight months and the biggest since unionized construction workers went on strike in May 2022.
Canada could have used two periods of ultra-low interest rates and extraordinary levels of fiscal stimulus to turn itself into a modern economy. And perhaps it took some steps in that direction, as some of that money will have sloshed into productive enterprises and provided backing for some talented entrepreneurs. But we mostly bought existing homes and condos, enriching the real estate industry, perhaps the economy's least productive sector.
A notable moment in Canadian economic history occurred in December 2008. As the Great Recession gathered force, and central banks pushed borrowing costs to zero, the "real estate and rental and leasing" industry generated output equivalent to 11.7 per cent of GDP, surpassing the contribution from manufacturing for the first time, according to Statistics Canada data.
The country's brokers, agents and landlords didn't look back. Their share of GDP climbed to 14.8 per cent in April 2020, when many other industries were forced to shut down, and central banks had once again dropped interest rates to essentially zero to stave off deflation in the early days of the COVID-19 crisis. (Manufacturing's share was 8.5 per cent.)
Bank of Canada governor Tiff Macklem told the House finance committee in November that he intends to conduct an analysis of how monetary policy was deployed during the pandemic. The central bank for the first time used quantitative easing (QE), an approach to stimulus that involves creating money to purchase financial assets.
Macklem was one of the most active users among the major central banks, and it's fair to wonder whether he was too active, given the additional froth that was whipped up in housing markets. Shelter costs were an important contributor to the inflation surge that prompted the most aggressive series of interest rate increases in the Bank of Canada's history.
Canada's central bankers dislike taking responsibility for what happens at the micro level in the economy, saying their only job is to keep inflation at around two per cent. That's true, but the problem with that dodge is that there is now sufficient real-world evidence to suggest the distortions created by zero interest rates should be considered against the desire to achieve a certain inflation target.
In some ways, last year wiped out more than a decade of such distortions. The benchmark interest rate is now back to where it was in 2008, before the Great Recession. And, perhaps as a result, economic gravity is reasserting itself.
Manufacturing will probably never be the economic engine it was a generation ago, but at 9.4 per cent of GDP, it's still below its pre-pandemic level of around 10 per cent. There's room to grow, although higher borrowing costs and an economic downturn will make that harder in the short term.
A more positive sign is that a couple of industries that will be key to future growth — and probably geared to structural changes in the economy rather than short-term interest rates — continue to claim a bigger share of the economy.
Companies that provide services related to information technology — think Montreal-based CGI Inc., which builds computer systems for companies and governments — now generate about 5.6 per cent of Canada's GDP, which is more than oil and gas and the most since Statistics Canada started measuring the industry's output in 2007, when the percentage was about 4.3 per cent.
At the higher end of what is very loosely described as the innovation economy, companies that provide professional, scientific and technical services generated output worth $136.8 billion in November, the equivalent of 6.6 per cent of Canada's $2.1-trillion economy and a record.
Combined, IT services and professional and technical services now account for about 12 per cent of the economy. That's getting close to real estate, which has dropped to 12.9 per cent, the lowest since February 2020, and nearing the 11.4 per cent recorded in early 2008. We've almost worked off the excesses of one crisis. There's still some rebalancing to do.
• Email: kcarmichael@postmedia.com | Twitter:
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Home / Blogs / Innovation | Transformation / In the Age of Big Data, Intuition Will Never Grow Obsolete
In the Age of Big Data, Intuition Will Never Grow Obsolete
As business leaders increasingly rely on data to make important decisions, they should make sure intuition continues to figure in.
BY FAISAL HOQUE
Technical transformations in every sector are reshaping the way the business world is organized—and how business decisions are made. In today's era of big data, new data sources are revealing critical information about customers, employees, and business operations that leaders never previously had available to them. And new innovations are set to introduce an onslaught of scientifically measured information to management discussions.
These impending innovations include everything from "smartdust"—tiny Internet of Things (IoT) sensors that detect a variety of information, including noise, light, chemicals, vibration, and temperature—to RFID tags the size of pinheads that'll be used to track products through manufacturing and distribution.
Tech innovations like these will inundate us with a new wave of information as the planet becomes increasingly connected, which means:
Anything that can be digitized will be.
Anything that can go wireless will.
Anything that can get smaller will.
As a result of these changes, information will move more freely and data about the business will become more plentiful than ever before. The question is, will that mean that every business decision should be driven by data alone?
The best decision makers, in business and in life, will always be those who know how to balance data, predictive analysis, and their intuition before making a decision.
Intuition + data helps us dig deeper
Netflix founder Reed Hastings, who worked as an artificial intelligence engineer before starting the streaming company, cautions that the human element is still critical to decision-making. "We start with the data," he told VentureBeat in 2016 . "But the final call is always gut. It's informed intuition."
Indeed, the greatest success comes from connecting the dots between our emotional selves and the systematic thinking that can be checked quantitatively. It's all about how you combine data, predictive analysis, and your time-honed intuition.
Getting that balance right starts with understanding which types of real-world situations demand more—or less—subjective versus quantitative evaluation.
Today organizations may have huge amounts of data, but the challenge comes in defining which insights they would like to gain from analyzing this information. Intuition is still key in defining the specific questions to ask in order to churn out actionable insights, including:
What markets to pursue?
What products and services to develop?
What business model to adopt?
What partnerships to pursue?
Once a business leverages experienced intuition to figure out the right questions to ask, data can help answer them and go a step further to inform a variety of strategies in areas like:
Product portability
Operations and performance management
Resource requirements
The important thing to remember is that it should never be a case of pitting human versus machine, but instead augmenting the human instinct with just the right balance of the machine's data.
Cross-validation is necessary
Today a massive amount of data is being collected in real time, which makes the human with machine formula more important to get right. Algorithms and systems can process information more efficiently and accurately than ever, providing greater relevance for businesses.
Where businesses previously relied on market research, customer satisfaction surveys, and sales patterns, machines can now create predictive models, patterns, and trends that incorporate plenty of what-if scenarios.
Still, our intuition must continue to remain in play. Just as we can now check our best-informed hunches against more reliable metrics, we also need to square our data-based predictive models with the wisdom of experience and intuition.
As technological innovation speeds forward, the many ways we combine our instincts with data will continue to evolve. But these quantitative and subjective realms are never likely to be mutually exclusive. Instead, organizations must challenge themselves to figure out how best to harness their combined power. The end result will be science with a human touch.
[Photo: You X Ventures on Unsplash]
Copyright (c) 2018 by Faisal Hoque. All rights reserved.
Original article @Digirupt.io
Serial entrepreneur Faisal Hoque is the founder of Shadoka, which develops accelerators and technology solutions for sustainable growth. He is the author of Everything Connects: How to Transform and Lead in the Age of Creativity, Innovation, and Sustainability (McGraw-Hill) and other books.
As our lives become more automated, these are the skills you'll need
How to make sure the U.S. government's $2 trillion infrastructure plan doesn't get wasted
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The Case For Humanities In The Era Of AI, Automation, And Technology
As our lives become more automated, these are the skills you'll need Dispute the value that robotics and automation bring to business, there's also a something missing from this conversation. We're losing sight of the importance of soft skills–like communication, empathy, mindfulness, creativity, collaboration, and leadership.


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text:
require('rootpath')()
const _ = require('lodash');
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
const bcrypt = require('bcryptjs');
const db = require('server/models')
const config = require('config.json')

const ENCRYPT_HASH = 10;

var service = {};

service.authenticate = authenticate;
service.getById = getById;
service.create = create;
service.update = update;
service.delete = _delete;

module.exports = service;

function authenticate(username, password) {

    return db.user
        .findOne({ where: {username: username }})
        .then(
            function (result) {
                var user = result.dataValues
                console.info("User being authenticated: ", user)
                if (user && bcrypt.compareSync(password, user.password)) {
                    // authentication successful
                    return jwt.sign({ sub: user.id }, config.secret)
                } else {
                    // authentication failed
                    return false;
                }
            },
            function (err) {
                return false;
            })
}

function getById(id) {
    return db.user
        .findOne({
                where: {id: id},
                attributes: ['id', 'firstname', 'lastname', 'username']
        })
        .then(user => {
            //console.info("Current User: ", user);
            return user;
        });
}

function create(userParam) {
    // setup password
    var user = _.omit(userParam, 'password');
    user.password = encryptPassword(userParam.password);

    // transaction to rollback when user is already present
    return db.sequelize.transaction(function(t) {
        return db.user
            .findOrCreate({
                where: {
                    username: userParam.username
                },
                defaults: user,
                transaction: t
            })
            .spread((result, created) => {
                console.info("user authentication findOrCreate result object : ", result.get({plain:true}))
                console.info("user authentication findOrCreate created boolean : ", created)
                if(created) {
                    return result.get({plain:true})
                } else {
                    // username already exists
                    return 'Username "' + userParam.username + '" is already taken';
                }
            })
    });
}

function update(id, userParam) {
    // set encrypted password when password needs change
    if(userParam.password) userParam.password = encryptPassword(userParam.password)
    // transaction for the update process
    return db.sequelize.transaction(function(t) {
        var result = {};
        return db.user
            .find({
                    where: {username: userParam.username},
                    attributes: ['username'],
                    transaction: t
            })
            .then(user => {
                // when user with the username is found
                if(user) {
                    console.info("update.findOne user: ", user)
                    // check username is not duplicate
                    if(user.username !== userParam.username) {
                        // username already exists
                        result.error = 'Username "' + req.body.username + '" is already taken'
                    } else {
                        result = updateUser(t)
                    }
                } else {
                    result = updateUser(t)
                }
                return result;
            })
            // When error occurs
            .catch(function(err) {
                result.error = err
                return result
            })
    });

    function updateUser(t) {
        var result = {};
        // update password if it was entered
        if (userParam.password) {
            userParam.password = encryptPassword(userParam.password);
        }
        // give fields a null value if value is null
        if (!userParam.firstname) userParam.firstname = null
        if (!userParam.username) userParam.username = null
        if (!userParam.username) userParam.username = null

        return db.user
            .update({
                firstname: userParam.firstname,
                lastname: userParam.lastname,
                username: userParam.username,
                password: userParam.password
            }, {
                where: {
                    id: id
                },
                transaction: t
            })
            .then(function(data) {
                result.success = data
                return result
            })
            .catch(function(err) {
                result.error = err
                return result
            })
    }
}

// prefixed function name with underscore because 'delete' is a reserved word in javascript
function _delete(id) {
    var result = {};
    return db.sequelize.transaction(function(t) {
        return db.user
            .destroy({
                where: { id: id },
                transaction: t
            })
            .then(data => {
                if (data) result.success = id + " row deleted";
                else result.error = "User was not found"
                return result;
            })
            .catch(function(err) {
                result.error = err
                return result;
            })
    })
}

function encryptPassword(password) {
    return bcrypt.hashSync(password, ENCRYPT_HASH);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


-The blade was made of rolling t-10 high carbon steel, and it has been laminated in a Maru style with a clay temper line. A special clay is applied to the blade by hand, using a thin covering near the edge and a thicker layer over the rest of the blade. this results in a relatively quicker cooling of the edge during quenching, producing a hard edge and softer back. the beautiful real hamon on the blade is also result of the differential cooling of the blade (quenching and tempering). this blade tip done great kissaki & with real kissaki; real hamon line going all the way through the Boshi.