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Tag Archives: women the arts
UBS 2017 Things to Know
By Karla Mason SmithUncategorizedage and gender equity in the arts, diversity and inclusion, equity in the arts, gender equity, gender parity, unconscious bias, women in the arts, women the arts
Things to Know Helpful information about Unconscious Bias Symposium 2017 (UBS 2017). Have other questions? Let us know at info@ageinthearts.org. How to Get There Location: Portland State University 1825 SW Broadway, Portland, OR 97201 Google Maps Friday night's event and Saturday's opening and closing Symposium sessions take place at Hoffman Hall PSU, Hoffman Hall 1833 SW…
By agequUncategorizedAGE, age and gender equity, age and gender equity in the arts, equity in the arts, parity in the arts, women the arts
Board of Directors Jane Vogel Mantiri, Founder, Board President, is an actor, an activist, and a clinical psychologist. She has an extensive history of championing for social justice issues. She holds a Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Oregon. She served on the Board for the Center for Community Counseling in Eugene, OR for…


· How can it help?
The Alexander Technique entails a process of re-educating the body. It is a way of getting to know our own physical and mental functioning, a work that allows us the gradual liberation of the habits that prevents us from reaching our inner balance.
Body and mind are one and the same, and to change the posture is to change the mind.
This technique is a practical method that helps to improve "the use we make of ourselves" in our daily activities, by reducing excessive stress, and improving coordination, fluency of movement, balance, and breathing.
The Alexander Technique is a way, without shortcuts, that helps us recover the natural posture that we had when we were born.
When the unconscious natural devices used to keep the balance and the position are threatened, either by a bad habitual use, or by some injury, our performance, both physical and mental, often is negatively affected.
Nevertheless, the suitable muscular activity for achieving the balanced position is not something we could recover simply by putting an effort on it, since all of a range of automatic reflexes are involved; the same reflexes that maintain the body with barely effort, when they work properly.
The teacher teaches the way to learn consciously to avoid the habits that harm us (for instance, the excessive muscular tension and the effort when the time comes to make our daily activity). These tensions or stiffness are produced repeatedly throughout our life, and little by little we incorporate them, and they become, unconsciously, part of it.
During the classes, you gain awareness about the way you are using your body and your mind, you learn to eliminate the harmful habits that cause a bad posture, and you learn to direct yourself in a way that restores the natural posture of your body.
This technique can be learnt at any age.
F.M. Alexander was a successful actor who, in the middle of his career starts to suffer serious problems of voice. Doctors were unable to find a physical cause neither were they able to help him. So, F.M. Alexander himself investigated the reason for his problem, and he watched with multiple mirrors how he was managing his own body.
All his time investigating drive him to discover the principles which affected his body posture and its coordination.
Alexander thought that his work could be applied to improve health and personal well-being in general. In 1904, he settled in London, where, with the doctors' support, he founded a centre where he had, between his students, some personalities as John Dewey, Aldous Huxley, Sir Henry Levin and Bernard Shaw.
Professor Nikolaas Tinbergen, winner of the Nobel Prize of Medicine in 1973, about F. M. Alexander and his technique.
As a dancer, you shape your body, your own working tool, by means of your training and your practice. If your daily exercises are full of effort, if you force your body and it hurts you, and you struggle to do your best, you will train at the deepest levels, to maintain certain physical and mental attitudes.
When you resort to remedies for injuries or chronic problems, such as chiropractic, massage, medication, physical therapy or acupuncture, you can relieve the symptoms, but you do not always reach the deeper causes. The ways to habitually use your own instrument, yourself, may be contributing to chronic damage and other problems. The Alexander Technique can work hand in hand with other modalities to support the healing process and prevent further relapses.
You will learn specific movement principles that will reinforce your way of working. The movement will become freer and lighter and your presence fills the stage, and your gesture become wider..
For athletes dedicated to sports as diverse as long-distance races, swimming, basketball and golf, the benefits of learning the Alexander Technique are: increasing in speed, precision, efficiency and endurance.
Athletes with chronic injuries restrain them as they learn the techniques of refined conception of themselves, the economy of effort and a greater control of the mechanisms of balance and coordination.
Any athlete can benefit of it.
The benefits of the Alexander technique for actors are manifold, since they include the minimization of psychophysical tensions, vocal relaxation, greater mental agility and a greater connection between mind and body..
By balancing and neutralizing tensions, we learn to relieve and avoid pain and discomfort, which allows us to refine the body as an essential instrument of the actor's work.
The Alexander Technique has been learned by actors such as Kevin Kline, John Cleese, Kenneth Branagh, and Paul Newman, among many others. It is also one of the techniques taught at the University of Washington School of Drama, at The Actors Studio, Juilliard, and at the Globe Theatre in London, among several centres.
A woman's body is designed to give birth and care for a baby, but nevertheless, the weight of a pregnancy can lead to distortions in the back that can cause more discomfort than necessary.
Learning to manage your body based on your own natural coordination can greatly improve the pregnancy experience..
During delivery, if anxiety predominates, breathing becomes more difficult and being carried away in the process becomes more than a challenge. Learning to undo tension patterns prior to birth, helps you maintain a relaxed control in the birth process itself.
We can't always control the amount of stress in our lives, but we can learn to react to it differently. By teaching you to respond more effectively, the technique will help relieve or eliminate your symptoms.
We react automatically to ordinary stress as if it were a threat of danger, with the neck tense and the body contracted. The answer seems inherent to us. If the body does not relax from this contraction, a constant state of emergency is maintained, so that it ends up paying a high physical price. We suffer from chronic back pain, digestive disorders, vocal dysfunctions, headaches, repetitive injuries due to stretching, nervous disorders and heart disease.
In this era of constant change, people want and need to have the ability to be flexible in demanding situations, and to go confidently into the unknown.
The Alexander Technique will provide tools for you to expand the boundaries of your usual field of attention.
Depression, self-esteem: Currently, the connection between the mind and the body is increasingly recognized, although it is not yet understood very well. Just a few treatments reflect this truth in their practice.
In fact, F. M. Alexander was far ahead of his time, by recognizing that the mind and the body are inseparable. It was this discovery that led him to develop his technique for the psychophysical use we make of ourselves.
People suffering from depression, anxiety or stress often get stuck looking for solutions only in their mind. Or sometimes, they try to find relief from physical symptoms by means of body treatments or medication.
F. M. Alexander discovered that the way we use our bodies has an extraordinary effect on our ability to perceive the world around us accurately, as well as our physical and emotional health.
The Alexander Technique in Orna's hands has meant a substantial change in my body consciousness, that has generated highly beneficial mental and emotional changes.
This body awareness allows me to feel more confident in myself and to correct bad habits that have resulted in a remarkable improvement in my back, in noticing how its muscles are strengthened very vividly, and other deeper changes.
Although it is not easy to understand this technique, to follow it and to be aware, outside her office, helps you feel much better. It is easier to live it than to explain it ... but for me it has been a real discovery.
I am a doctor. 1.5 years ago, due to a facet syndrome at the lumbar level (probably secondary to 2 lumbo-sacral hernias) I suffered a very intense lumbar pain with radiation sickness to the hip and lower extremity, which invalidated my mobility significantly, despite the conventional treatments I followed.
I consider Ms. Orna Genislav one of the best specialists in both therapies.


Summer 2016 Beauty Haul: Doing some revamping!
When I do a massive declutter, it feels only natural for me to fill up all that extra space with better, newer stuff. Ha! No but really-decluttering this time around has inspired me to refresh and update my stash. I like having options, but they have to be the right options.
Typically, I try new products here and there or if I run out of something. This time however, I wanted to do a little more revamping! I'll do more in-depth reviews once I get around to using them a few times, but for now here's an overview of my latest haul (yes- I had missions for this haul, I was intense lol).
I used to use primers not too long ago. They'd make my makeup look pretty good at first, but I have oily/combo skin and gave up on a lot of them because they made me greasy or felt greasy, broke me out, or didn't improve anything enough to be worth that extra step. Maybe my newer foundations were fine enough on their own and didn't need a primer so much, who knows! But I wanted to try some new primers for my skin type and to revisit the whole idea. I decided to get Pacifica Oil Control Primer , $18.00, and Cover Girl Outlast All-Day Primer, $12.99, based on some pretty good reviews on the Ulta site. Sometimes these go on sale and depending on the product, you can use an Ulta coupon. I can't wait to see how these work on me!
Author JenPosted on August 17, 2016 March 5, 2017 Categories Beauty, Hauls/PurchasesTags Beauty Haul, Drugstore, Haul, Ulta HaulLeave a comment on Summer 2016 Beauty Haul: Doing some revamping!


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Шистите са група метаморфни скали, отличаващи се с тънка слоеста структура с ориентирано разположение (шистозност) на минералите  и наличието на редица минерали като слюди, кварц, фелдшпат и други силикати, а също така талк, графит, рудни минерали и други. По дефиниция шистите се състоят от повече от 50% слоести и иглести минерали, редуващи се с кварц или фелдшпат, като обикновено кварцът преобладава по количество над фелдшпата. Най-често срещаната класификация на шистите е според техния минерален състав. В тези случаи най-често се използва доминиращият слоест скалообразуващ минерал. Примери са: мусковитов шист, биотитов шист, хлоритов шист и т.н. Понякога два или повече минерала могат да характеризират даден шист, а в други случаи определени минерали, индикативни за условията при които се е образувала метаморфната скала се използват (например: андалузитов шист, гранатов, или гранат-кианитов шист, и т.н.). Редица производни, целящи по-детайлно описание и подразделяне на описваните скали, са често срещани (гранат-съдържащ мусковит-биотитов шист).

Най-често срещаните в природата шисти са продукт на метаморфизъм, наложен върху бивши седиментни скали, независимо от това, дали скалата е претърпяла неколкократен метаморфизъм (полиметаморфна скала). При специфични условия на деформация и метаморфизъм е възможно шисти да се образуват от магмени скали. Тези шисти се означават като ортошисти. Представката "орто" се използва за характеризирането на метаморфни скали, образувани при метаморфизъм на магмени скали.

Видове
 Зелени шисти. Зелен на цвят метабазит с шистозна текстура, изграден от хлорит, кварц, епидот, актинолит. Образувани са при промяната на базични или среднобазични магмени скали при ниска температура и ниско налягане. Срещат се в Западна Средна гора, Родопите и Странджа. Използват се в строителството.
 Сини шисти. Тъмно лилавосив на цвят шистозен метабазит. Рядко в образци притежава син цвят. Цветът се дължи на натриев амфибол (глаукофан)Na2(Mg3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2
 Слюдени и кварц-слюдени шисти. В зависимост от състава на изходната скала и от условията на промяна се образуват различни метаморфни скали. При ниска температура се образуват шисти, изградени от кварц, албит, слюди, серпентин, хлорит и др. Те биват биотитови, мусковитови, двуслюдени, а ако в състава им участва като главен минерал калцит-калкошисти. При висока степен на метаморфизъм в състава им участват гранат кианит, андалузит и др. и се различават шисти с наименованието на тези минерали. За шистите е характерно субпаралелното подреждане на люспестите и плочестите минерали. Зърната са ясно видими. В България шисти се разкриват в Родопите, Рила, Пирин, Средна гора. Те се използват като строителен материал.

Източници

Метаморфни скали

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


It takes from 10 days to two weeks for this disease to develop. The child-patient feels chilly, tired and weak. He suffers from headache, and loss of appetite, followed by backache and either diarrhoea or constipation. Many patients also have bronchitis, so that in the early stages of typhoid, the disease may appear as pneumonia. The temperature rises and remains high for about 10 days to two weeks. It has tendency to rise in the evening and fall in the morning. Skin eruptions tend to appear in the second week and if proper care is not taken, inflammation of the bones and ulceration of the bowels may occur. The loss of appetite is more apparent. The tongue becomes dry and is coated with white patches in the central region of its surface. The fever gradually comes down to normal by the end of the fourth week.
A complete bed rest and careful nursing is essential for the child-patient. He should be given liquid diet like milk, barley and fruit juices. Orange juice will be especially beneficial. In fact, the exclusive diet of orange juice diluted with warm water can be taken for first few days of the treatment with highly beneficial results. In typhoid fever, the digestive power of the body is seriously hampered, and the patient suffers from blood poisoning called toxaemia. The lack of saliva coats his tongue and often destroys his thirst for water as well as his desire for food. The agreeable flavor of orange juice helps greatly in overcoming these drawbacks. It also gives energy, increases urinary output and promotes body resistance against infections, thereby hastening recovery. If possible, warm-water enema should be given daily during this period to cleanse the bowels.
Cold compresses may be applied to the head in case the temperature rises above 1030F. If this method does not succeed, cold pack may be applied to the whole body. The procedure for this pack has been explained in the appendix.
After the temperature has come down to normal and the tongue has cleared, the child-patient may be given, for further two or three days, fresh fruits and other easily digestible foods. For drinks, unsweetened lemon water or plain water, either hot or cold, may be given. Thereafter, the child-patient may be allowed to gradually embark upon a well-balanced diet according to his age. The emphasis should be on fresh fruits and raw or lightly-cooked vegetables.


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PINK Tank ~ Blog /
In Europe, Anti-Semitism Allegations Are Used to Silence Dissent Against Israeli Policies Toward Palestinians
By Ann Wright
Earlier this year, CODEPINK: Women for Peace was chosen to receive the Wilhelmina von Bayreuth Prize for Tolerance and Humanity by the City of Bayreuth, Germany. Soon after the announcement of the award, Benjamin Weinthal, a staffer of the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies, a right-wing think tank closely aligned with Israel, published an article in the Jerusalem Post, claiming that CODEPINK is a Holocaust-denying, anti-Semitic organization. The main argument referenced CODEPINK's support for the Boycott, Sanctions and Divestment (BDS) movement. Weinthal followed up the initial article with several more to continue the smear campaign against CODEPINK.
Weinthal is spearheading a campaign throughout Europe to silence any challenge to the state of Israel's apartheid wall, illegal settlements, imprisonment of Palestinians without trial, inhumane checkpoints and land and sea blockade of Gaza. His systematic and frequent anti-Semitic accusations have created a climate of fear in Germany and Austria. As a result of his intimidation tactics, several events with organizations and speakers who oppose Israeli actions toward Palestinians have been cancelled.
The false allegation of anti-Semitism scared the Mayor of Bayreuth and she suspended the award. This led to a tremendous outpouring of letters from persons who know about the work of CODEPINK and cited the difference between criticism of the policies of the state of Israel and anti-Semitism. Even members of the German Parliament weighed in, with 10 of them signing a letter in support of CODEPINK. The City Council of Bayreuth demanded a vote, and approved the reinstatement of the award.
By the time our seven-person delegation arrived in Bayreuth on April 15 to receive the award on behalf of CODEPINK, news reports were still publishing the false allegations and adding statements by the Israeli Ambassador to Germany that any organization that participates in the BDS movement was repeating the actions of the Nazis in their "Boycott Jews" program.
In February, 93-year-old Hedy Epstein, whose family was killed in the Holocaust, was accused by Weinthal of anti-Semitism because of her approval of BDS actions. Epstein was to speak in March 2016 at a conference called "In Grandmother's Words...The Fate of Women in the Second World War." She was invited as a witness of the Holocaust to talk about her experiences when she fled Nazi Germany in 1939 with the British-sponsored Kindertransport operation. The entire event in Vienna, Austria was cancelled due to fears of allegations of anti-Semitism.
The 2016 Anita Augsburg prize for "excellent commitment to peace, women's education and equality" was awarded by the Equal Opportunity Commission of the City of Munich, Germany to the Munich chapter of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF).
However, the March 2016 award ceremony was cancelled by the Munich City Council and the prize rescinded due to unfounded allegations of anti-Semitism equating WILPF's work on Palestinian rights as anti-Semitic. WILFP is the oldest women's peace and human rights organization in the world, having celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2015. In their press release concerning the City Council denying WILPF the award, the organization stated that "Anita Augsburg would be turning over in her grave to know that WILPF had been accused of anti-Semitism."
To assist the discussion of the difference between legitimate criticism of the policies of the State of Israel and anti-Semitism, CODEPINK announced at the award ceremony in Bayreuth that CODEPINK would use the award money to sponsor a symposium in Europe to discuss this difference and how false allegations of anti-Semitism have been used to silence this criticism. The symposium will be conducted by human rights organizations and will include representatives of all views on this issue. The date and location of the symposium will be announced in the near future.
Anti-Semitism in today's world is very real, and very disturbing -- but so is conflating criticism of the state of Israel with anti-Jewishness. Palestinians, just like Jewish people (and all people in the world), deserve to live with human rights and dignity, and not in fear. Censoring and denying their plight only perpetuates their suffering and does a disservice to those who declared "never again."
"Never again" means for everyone.
Harvey McGird commented 2016-05-13 22:56:55 -0400
Code Pink has been exposed as an anti-Semitic organization. Supporting the genocidal aims of Palestinian leadership is anti-semitism. Spreading lies and hate about the Jewish State is anti-semitism.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Eupedia Forum > Population Genetics > Y-DNA Haplogroups > I1 > New phylogenetic tree of Haplogroup I1
View Full Version : New phylogenetic tree of Haplogroup I1
Here is the latest phylogeny of I1 subclades according to ISOGG and FTDNA.
http://www.eupedia.com/images/content/I1-tree.gif
St Delcambre
I have a question for Maciamo and/or Sparkey:
Is the I1a3 sublcade and it's offshoots part of the older "Anglo-Saxon generic" grouping? I apologize if my question is poorly worded I'm just trying to get an understanding of what group I1a3 is associated with as it's where I fall, I1a3a1c to be exact.
Basically, I1-AS ended up being defined by I1-Z58, with a few exceptions. Some weirder I1-AS, including some of which had ended up in the big "AS-generic" bag, turned out to be outliers outside of I1-Z58, and some weirder "non-AS" haplotypes ended up in I1-Z58. But as a whole, the correlation is pretty good. See Nordtvedt's Z58 tree (http://knordtvedt.home.bresnan.net/Tree%20for%20I1%20Z58+.pdf).
zanipolo
Is the Z63 group the vistula gothic and crimean gothic as stated by KN in march 2012?
I personally don't like the naming of haplotypes as "Anglo-Saxon" when their geographic range is pan-Germanic or Non-Nordic-Germanic. I use the label 'West Germanic' for all Germanic peoples found in Britain, the Low Countries, France and Germany. That also includes southern offshoots like the Lombards in Italy. Most of the West Germanic subclades not limited to the British Isles are probably Frankish in origin. Those limited to Germany would be associated with other Germanic tribes like the Bavarians, Thuringians or the Alemanni.
The geographic distribution of I1-Z63 is much too wide (England, the Low Countries and West Germany...) to be exclusively Gothic. That's why I did not label it. But I agree that the Goths most probably carried Z63 lineages because this subclade is found in Central and Eastern Europe (especially Poland and Ukraine) as well as in Iberia and South Italy. I would expect to find it also in the southern Balkans (around Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria). So far its absence from the Maghreb is another argument in favour of the Goths, since it was only the Vandals (and the non-Germanic Alans) who invaded North Africa.
The main counter argument against a Gothic origin of Z63 is its low incidence in Sweden, where the Goths supposedly originated. I would rather believe that Saxons from North Germany integrated the Gothic tribe before they migrated to Poland and Ukraine. That would explain everything.
thats a good point, but I favour the goths originating in pomerania, migrating to sweden and then back again and finally to the black sea.
nordicwarrior
"Most of the West Germanic subclades not limited to the British Isles are probably Frankish in origin. Those limited to Germany would be associated with other Germanic tribes like the Bavarians, Thuringians, or the Alemanii."
Well I guess it depends on what time frame we are talking about (assuming we are specifically speaking of I1 carriers here)...It looks like they all squeezed through the base of Jutland into Northern Germany at some point based on the population maps. Were they all Angles at some earlier point, or just pass through members of Northern tribes?
I agree with your theory on Z 63 pollinating the Goths before they migrated into Poland/Ukraine.
Maciamo,
I had I1 being a large percentage of the ancient Charude tribe at one point (using basic verbage, trade routes, etc.) but everything I came up with could have applied equally to I2 or I1. I think the pitch resin/Harz mountain/Baltic vessels connection could have had huge impacts on early I1 movement while also explaining the strange donut hole in R1b around the Harz. Are there excavations planned in the bog areas of these mountains? That might explain alot...
If Charude/Harude carried Z58 that would explain some West Germanic spread (Arivistus, leader of the Suebi brought the Harude tribe with him west of the Rhine in the first century B.C.) Harude occupied same territory as the later Angels--that's why it's so important to get a fix on this tribe--were they proto Angels? What if Caesar's brutal victory in 58 B.C. drove the Harude deep into Harz mountains--that would explain later Thuringii I1 and some Saxon I1. And do the Hardsyssel and Hardanger areas of Western Jutland and Western Norway (both conjectured to be descendents of the Harude) carry increased levels of Z58? Help Sparkey! (I'm following the HAR root connection here.)
That's another possibility. But then their settlements in southern Sweden must have been on a really big scale, perhaps overrunning of displacing the original inhabitants, since the region became know as Götaland to this land (+ the island of Gotland).
Doesn't look like Western Norway and Western Jutland have elevated Z58, although Danish samples are limited in general. These maps help with an understanding of Norwegian I1 subclades in particular: L22 map (http://www.semargl.me/en/dna/ydna/map-snp/291/) and Z58 map (http://www.semargl.me/en/dna/ydna/map-snp/289/). Looks like Norwegian Z58 is concentrated in Eastern Norway, with Western Norway being exclusively L22 from that sample set.
Those were great maps, thanks Sparkey. So much for my Harude I1 Z58 theory (at this point anyway). What the Z58 map does reinforce however is that Suebi were probably the tribe (or people really) responsible for I1's success in Germany, France, Netherlands, really all of Northwestern and North Central Europe.
After consideration, I see also a Thuringian marker with some old saxon for Z63
the vandals IIRC split in Spain or before into silingi and hasdingi groups, the alans going more with hasdingi. these vandals brought I from the black sea area, maybe a gothic legacy or vandalian
The teutonic knights recruited for their baltic tribes campaign only thuringian, saxon and varini people, basically north- northeast people. western "franconian" germans seem to be missing
did you mean the heruli people?
I have the original Heruli as heavily R M269 actually. I think they were forced out of Zealand by I1, and then went on their lengthy journey picking up various y-haplogroups over time. The excavation sites on Zealand are finding quite a bit of Celtic/R1b signature items and surprising little I1 from what I can tell. But I have the Cimbri as heavily R M269 too.
a good idea on the cimbri is to see if the HG you mentioned is also in NE-Italy. the new 2012 languages still has many cimbri pockets of people from the ancient times there
see my link ...north italian languages in eupedia
Most of the West Germanic subclades not limited to the British Isles are probably Frankish in origin. Those limited to Germany would be associated with other Germanic tribes like the Bavarians, Thuringians or the Alemanni.
Maciamo, I'm FAR from an expert but these were my exact thoughts, and as a matter of fact the "Frankish Connection" was going to be a follow question to my first. I came across a map of people who were L573 and noticed most of the results were located in the Northwestern quadrant of Germany, all throughout The Benelux, and Northern France (namely Northeastern), which were essentially the Frankish "hotspots" according to the little bit of history I've read about them.
I'd be very interested in seeing if there are other knowledgeable researches who also share this prediction.
Yes, it's true that so far, with the limited amount of data available, L573 looks primarily Frankish.
As for the Saxons, their presence was not limited to North Germany and England either. They were a more important influence than the Franks in coastal Flanders, as suggested by the frequency of place name (http://www.eupedia.com/belgium/belgian_place_names.shtml#Flanders)s ending in -gem, ghem, ingem, and inghem between Boulogne-sur-Mer and Brussels via Lille, Bruges and Ghent (see map (https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&hl=en&t=p&source=embed&msa=0&msid=103411697642736701113.000469dd6e73f4734c4f3&ll=50.885709,3.416748&spn=2.522966,4.943848&z=8)) mirroring the -gham and ingham in East England. Those names contrast sharply with the more typical Frankish names found in Limburg (e.g. in -hoven and -ingen) and along the Sambre-Meuse axis (Hainaut to Liège), which were also predominantly in -ingen (though Frenchified to -ange, -agne, -gnée, -gny and -gnies).
After further reviewing the Z58 map-- I going to have to walk back my earlier statement that members of this line would of have had to squeeze through Jutland to make it into the Continent. I think the "center stripe" through Germany to almost Zurich indicates foot movement (probably with at least some boat usage up the rivers), but the coastal flags along the Netherlands and Belgium look like boat landings (Danes and/or Saxons).
So maybe the interior flags could be descendents of the ancient Suebi tribe, and the coastal flags could indicate "newer" I1 movements, possibly out of Hedeby.
I made the critical mistake of forgetting how much this haplogroup liked their boats. The population in Portugal and the Italian coast of course indicate boat settlements, but another mystery is the sparse Z58 in all of France.
Also, why would Z58 go so far north into coastal Norway and also the Finnish coast?
I realize that I have just mirrored alot of what Maciamo said on 1/3/13, except I see much of the coastal Z58 as Dane rather than Saxon.
AjBridges
Is it possible these Saxons who had influence in Flanders area blended into the Frankish empire or at least some of them? I believe my ancestry to be Frankish, but if they did blend into the Frankish empire, I might originally be Saxon? Any thoughts?
Not only is it possible, I strongly believe it to be the case. Flanders has traditionally been regarded as Frankish, but the toponymy clearly shows that the language spoken at first was Saxon in what would become the County of Flanders. It also makes sense since there were Saxon settlements all along the North Sea/Channel coast as far as Picardy (or perhaps even Normandy, like Dieppe).
Hopefully this map from Princeton.edu will transfer over...
Image: "Viking Magyar and Saracen Invasions of 9th and 10th Centuries "
Please note the orange Viking/Danish arrows from Jutland into Bremen, Ghent, Quentovic, Rouen area, and Nantes. These invaders were known for their quick assimilation into existing tribes.
http://qed.princeton.edu/getfile.php?f=Viking,_Magyar_and_Saracen_Invasions _in_9th_and_10th_Century_Europe.jpg
Also, it's interesting to see how far West the Magyars advanced, this probably had a large influence on the relocation of Suebi I1.
I can't get it to transfer. Google or look for--Viking, Magyar, and Saracen Invasions in 9th and 10th Century Europe. Neat map.
I have edited your post above. You should click on the 'Insert Image' icon (third from the right in Quick Reply mode) and paste your URL there.
Due to the postulation of Saxon settlement and participation in the Frankish empire it makes me wonder of their participation In the Carolingian empire. To read about the Arnulflings they seem to be more German?
The Saxons of Flanders were mostly peasants and fishermen. The Frankish nobility was established in what is now Wallonia, namely in Tournai (original Merovingian capital) and Liège/Herstal (original Carolingian capital). Since noble titles were conferred almost exclusively to relatives and close friends at least until the 9th century, my guess is that the people who had the greatest genetic impact on the rest of Europe were this Frankish nobility, who was given land throughout the empire and married foreign nobles all around Europe. Saxon peasants stayed in Flanders only became the ancestors of present-day population of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and the western part of what is now called Flanders (which includes more Frankish territories like Brabant and Limburg).
Maciamo, thank you for indulging me. I understand your point about the Saxon in Flanders, but then if you were not noble there wasn't else much to do but be a peasant, fisherman or farmer. From my understanding even soldiers were farmers back then and would not be called if it was planting or harvesting season.My point is that there was some integration, even if by nobles as you say. I believe it is important to note that the kingdoms were split for a good time. (Ottonian dynasty) (Arnulf of Carinthia).Sorry, can't leave links yet. Also I am by no means an expert, yet I enjoy participating from what I have studied.
There's a fantastic map on wikimedia titled "The Roman Empire in A.D. 125". It color codes linguistic groups and includes the locations of mines. I personally don't like "stopping" at the Franks as a genetic tribe because it doesn't appear on the oldest maps. I try to view the I-J, I, I1 as a genetic flow through history, and the Franks seem like they are a grouping of older tribes folded into a newer identity (maybe caused by invaders from the east?) Please take a look at that Roman Empire map and see if what I'm talking about with the Suebi getting pushed westward makes sense. On wikimedia you can blow up the map for much greater detail.(I can say that because I think I'm either Angle, Saxon, Danish, or Frankish--need to get subclades tested)
Maciamo, thank you for indulging me. I understand your point about the Saxon in Flanders, but then if you were not noble there wasn't else much to do but be a peasant, fisherman or farmer. From my understanding even soldiers were farmers back then and would not be called if it was planting or harvesting season.Exactly, Germanic and Slavic tribes back than consisted of farmers doubling as warriors with hereditary leadership (who became nobilities during feudalism). That was in contrast with Roman career soldiers who dominated Europe for few hundred of years.
Nordicwarrior, I see your point about the Franks. Even the Suebis were known to be a group of many tribes that shared some commonalities. Nice map. I'm not so sure that I am of the opinion the Suebis were driven out of Prussia by the Huns. Another argument is that these western migrations filled the vacuum after the Roman Empire moved out of the area. The Suebis we know were actually invited to settle in Gaul by the Sequani. Other Germanic tribes such as the Visigoths and the Burgundians were allocated lands by the Roman Empire. These allocations included agricultural lands along with the roman slaves to work the land. The purpose of these allocations of lands is thought to stabilize Gaul and Spain. Some of these lands were vacated 3rd century so the Romans felt that better have some tax paid than no tax. So, LeBrok not only were these part time soldiers, farmers, but many of them became significant agricultural estate landowners who they themselves received taxes from Gallo-Romans living in Gaul.
NordicWarrior, I trace my paternal line back to Saint Arnulf of Metz, so I'm comfortable saying Frankish for now, but yet still would like to know more, especially about the Arnulflings and earlier Germanic tribes and where they fit into the picture.Here is another map that is interesting. Well I can't leave a link but google "map Gallia tribe towns."
Crap, I just noticed you were asking about the Magyars, it's possible but I haven't studied the Magyar invasion yet so really can't answer.
I agree AJ, I think the Suebi were probably a mixed bag y-haplogroupwise, but I figure they had a healthy bit of I1. What has drawn me to that tribe is the fact that they show up on the earliest of maps. I did know about Sequani's invitation, but the Germanic tribes suffered such a severe thrashing by the Romans--I don't know if much I1 would have been left behind (in that wave anyway). The Celts would have popped right back in...Also that is cool that you can get so far back with a specific person in history. I've gotten to the 1700's using family information, but I'm still in America at this point. Hopefully this site and familytreedna will get me back to Europe.
By going off of a matching surname with a goodly amount of hits on the 37 marker test, I'm going to infer a Z-60 and Z-140 subclade. This would be I1a3a1a. Now I need to pry my wallet open and verify for certain.
You would be in good company in the Z140 subclade. I am in 3B myself. When looking at these clades and the different sizes of them it makes me wonder if the size of the clades as described by Ken Nordvedt AS* etc.. Also tells as to which Germanic tribes they may associate with? I'll leave it for someone to try and answer IF the question can be understood? I haven't had my coffee yet but am about to. Cheers.
MOESAN
Hopefully this map from Princeton.edu will transfer over... Image: "Viking Magyar and Saracen Invasions of 9th and 10th Centuries " Please note the orange Viking/Danish arrows from Jutland into Bremen, Ghent, Quentovic, Rouen area, and Nantes. These invaders were known for their quick assimilation into existing tribes. I 'm not sure at all Danes Vikings assimilated and were so welcomed in all the places they sacked and ruled... there are big differences according to places, I suppose (they assimilated sometimes, becoming the ruling class and marrying local wives, it 's true, but not everywhere)
That's a good point Moesan. It isn't lost on the Canon of English Literature either. From the "Beauty and the Beast" all the way to "Finnigan's Wake", the issue of the I1 invader brutality is addressed. But, when you consider the fact that R1b steam-rolled through Europe (genetically speaking) and now has all the royal lineages... Is haplogroup I1 to blame for not curling into a ball and ceasing to exist?
I have an interesting question, why did R1b and R1a move into Scandanavia in the first place? Why would two different strains of haplogroup R move into territories populated by large, animal skin wearing, technologically disadvantaged brutes and then also have to deal with long, cold winters? If you see the answer, you have solved the key to much of European history.Why do most people visit Sweden and Norway today?
I have an interesting question, why did R1b and R1a move into Scandanavia in the first place? Why would two different strains of haplogroup R move into territories populated by large, animal skin wearing, technologically disadvantaged brutes and then also have to deal with long, cold winters? If you see the answer, you have solved the key to much of European history.Why do most people visit Sweden and Norway today? interesting question, I guess the answer is "for the women". That's what they took at least, when they got there. Made it a patriarchal society so they could have a whole bunch of them at the same time. Kinda crazy isn't it.
Kamani, you are correct sir. When R1b does it, it is "civilizing the barbarians". When I1 does it, it's something else... But let's look at the bright side--the Anglo-Saxon/Viking/Norman genetic contributions saved the British from all looking like Frodo Baggins (kidding!-I kid because I love.)So yes I1 gave the world Humphred Chimpden Earwicker and Warren Buffet. But then R1b gave us Prince Charles and Fred Phelps the infamous preacher. Um, let's call it a draw?
Kamani, you are correct sir. When R1b does it, it is "civilizing the barbarians". When I1 does it, it's something else... But let's look at the bright side--the Anglo-Saxon/Viking/Norman genetic contributions saved the British from all looking like Frodo Baggins (kidding!-I kid because I love.)So yes I1 gave the world Humphred Chimpden Earwicker and Warren Buffet. But then R1b gave us Prince Charles and Fred Phelps the infamous preacher. Um, let's call it a draw? ahahaha damn I can not post even an icon. so instead of frodo they all become Sam and king Theoden looking like? poor Shire thats why Frodo went West, to escape from Nords? so Celts of islands looked like Frodo? BTW nice joke,
Yetos, glad you like my humor, although I think I was a bid rough on Prince Charles earlier. He seems like a pleasant enough fellow actually.
And speaking of Tolkein, I've been doing some research regarding his approaches to haplogroups. When I get enough info together, I will start a thread on it.
I don't think Z 140 was Frankish. It has a wide area of dispersal which indicates they stayed on the water for a longer period of time.
For any I1 members out there (actually for anyone who's a fan of well made documentaries) I highly recommend the three part series by BBC called Vikings. The presenter is Neil Oliver (who always does a good job) and the host channel on youtube is Douglas Allen. If you search for "BBC Vikings" it should pop right up.
Oops, before I get a bunch of messages... I should clarify that Vikings were also made up of R1b, R1a, I2, and probably a few more. Also the term Viking was more of a job description (or a term for violent wandering) than anything else.
Good recovery :grin: It's so nice when you're inclusive.
I hate to get too far ahead as this is all still speculative, but are there any subclades that so far seem to be linked to the Visigoths, Burgundians, and Normans? I understand quite well that none of these tribes are limited to I1 or any other (haplogroup for that matter) but now I find myself curiously wondering: "Who left the biggest genetic footprint in modern-day France out of the Burgundians, Visigoths, Normans, or Franks?"
I1-P109 would be Norman, or Danish + Norwegian Viking in general.
I1-Z63 would have been present among the Visigoths, though not only among them.
Too little data from France at present to say anything about the Burgundians.
What about I-M223?
Selwyn Greenfrith
The latest additions to modern-day France - Nord Pas de Calais (Noord-Nauw van Calais) and Elsass Lothringen would outstandingly hold the biggest Germanicness/footmark. Thus it would be best if these two lastmost additions to France were left out of things otherwise they might befuddle and aslant any answer you seek.
Are the various I1 branches now specific enough to start attaching y-DNA time frames to tribal groups? That might help determine gene flow. For example, if you have TMRCA from familytreedna (that goes far back) or a famous relative in ancient history that you can link to--that would enable us to start producing a collective genetic time/place matrix for each tribe.
I guess something else to factor is the privacy issue. We are able to get so detailed that we will be dealing with individual surnames. This is an evolving field that has incredible benefits, but also a few pitfalls. I don't know the answer here...
Nah, Mostly like the Goths originated in Southern Denmark/Northern Germany during the Jastolf culture.
I don't necessarily agree with the Swedish origin for the Goths, but nor do I dismiss it. My guess is that the truth lies somewhere in between, that is some kind of 'Swedish origin' but that much was happening then and that the Goths who fought against the Romans probably did not have much to do with Götaland, perhaps they had heard stories of an origin from there.
East Germanic Goths derives from the same ancient proto-Germanic word as Swedish Gaets (Götar in Swedish), Swedish Gutar (who did inhabits island of Gotland) and Danish Jütar/Jyder (Jutes) in (Jutland, Jylland).
Pre-Goths moved from what is now northern Germany and Jutland, Denmark to Sweden possibly during the pre period run-up to of the Vendel Era, to what is today Sweden. With Götaland, south Sweden, with the island of Gotland in the east, a possible 'colony' of the pre-Goths and Goths.
Gautr, Gauti, Guti, Gothus and Geat are name forms based on the same Proto-Germanic root, *ǥud*
Another modern hypothesis (the so-called "Jutish hypothesis"), accepted by the Oxford English Dictionary, states that the Jutes are identical with the Geats, a people who once lived in southern Sweden. In primary sources the Geats are referred to as Eotas, Iótas, Iútan, and Geátas.
Hence the mix up. And that's why the whole origin of the Goths originated in Sweden is debated. They mostly could have originated in southern Denmark (Jutland)/North Germany (Holsten).
without enter in the details of the discussion, I say I 've some difficulty to accept as a God's truth the links made by someones between Jut- (Jutland/Jylland), Geat and Got/Göt a.s.o. ... for phonetic reasons (at this stage of history):
ö << o -- # ea
G >> /j/ is swedish norse (and some german dialects of Eastern Germany)but among north Scandinavian it occurs only in a front-vowels environment (palatizing) and in danish it doesn't occur, by the way!!! so before knowing more (intermediary forms of proved same origin) in don't accept the link Goth/God or Gud with Jut, but the link Jut/Geat is more suitable even if my knowledge there is too scarce
historians are equally divided in respect to............ if the Geats are the Goths.....the Geats seem to have concentrated in invading jutland and future Frisian lands on the north sea. These south swedish Geats, maybe where germanic , but.....
The gu(a)ts are purely on gotland.
I am going with the historians who say goths where originally Baltic people who became linguistically Germanic over time due to the smallish "spit" of water called the Baltic sea........if the Phoenicians can sail from the levant to Spain in around 2000BC , then surely the Baltic people could sail ALL around the Baltic sea, which is only a quarter of the size of the Med.
In the end we already know the Germanic people claimed falsely the prussians as germans, there is all likelihood they did the same with the Goths
I was referring to the proto-Germanic 'dialect' continuum emerged during Late-Nordic Bronze age and early Jastorf period.
The Swedish language is derived from dǫnsk tunga/dansk tunga ("Danish tongue").
http://www.sweden.se/upload/Sweden_se/otherlanguages/factsheets/SI/Svenska_spraket.pdf
A source in English:
http://www.academia.edu/1659454/The_Danish_Tongue_and_Scandinavian_Identity
the link Goth/God or Gud with Jut, but the link Jut/Geat is more suitable even if my knowledge there is too scarce
Götar (Gaets), Goths and Jutes being the same people is the most accepted theory among modern Scandinavians historians , especially among Danes.
And academic Danish article on:
http://www.nomos-dk.dk/folket/olrik2.html
http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarkshistorien/Danernes_land/%C3%86ldre_germansk_jernalder-Folkevandringstiden/Ringenes_herrer/Sangen_om_Bjovulf
An old text on Gaets/Jutes/Goths 'common' origin
http://www.tidsskrift.dk/index.php/historisktidsskrift/article/view/31883/61494
Well. Goths were core Germanic, not assimilated one.
According to Pliny in his Natural History, the Greek explorer explored northern/northwestern Europe on a sailing expedition in the 4th century BC. He got as far as present-day Denmark/Southern Sweden and is the first person to have written about the Germanic tribes in the literate, historical record. One of the tribes he met there was called the Gutones- literally the Goths.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pytheas
Wulfila Bible confirms that the Goths (Ostrogoths) were Germanic.
But neither Wulfila nor Pytheas nor Tacitus confirm the Goths to be from modern day Sweden or related to the Geats.
Joseph Bosworth - A Dictionary of the Anglo-Saxon Language (1838)
"Strabo* assures us, that Pytheas, about 325 before Christ, undertook a voyage to explore the amber coasts in the Baltic. He sailed to Thüle, probably Tellemark on the west borders of Norway, then turned southward and passed the cape of Jutland, and proceeded eastward along the coasts of the Guttones and Teutones. If credit be given to this account of Pytheas, the Goths, at this early period, had extended far over Europe, and had arrived on the coast of the Baltic."
"We know, upon the better authority of Tacitus, who wrote with great precision towards the end of the first century in the christian era, that in his time the Goths were near the mouth of the Vistula."
It was Jordanes 'Getica' (551 AD) that linked the Goths to Scandza and the Geats. But all other classical writers before him from Pytheas to Tacitus clearly link the Goths to the Baltic region between Oder and Vistula. Which explains why German is closer to Gothic than any Scandinavian language.
Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol.16
The modern German, a language spoken in a far greater extent than any other of modern Europe, resembles the Gothic Gospels more than the present Danish, Norwegian, or Swedish;
Gothic lords prayer; Vaterunser from the Codex Argenteus 6th cen. AD Ostrogothic Ravenna N. Italy.
http://languageserver.uni-graz.at/ls/img?id=000000004249
IIRC, Pytheas states the goths where 660 stradi ( a term for distance ) from dannish area on the coast next to a river so basically it places them on the lower vistula river where it meets the sea...and pliny confirms this area and calls them gutones 300 years later.
yes and old nordic and old english texts always indicated that the Goths and the Geats where not the same people
so before knowing more (intermediary forms of proved same origin) in don't accept the link Goth/God or Gud with Jut, but the link Jut/Geat is more suitable even if my knowledge there is too scarce
I managed to find a source in English on:
JUTES & "THE JUTISH HYPOTHESIS" IUTI, IUTAE, GOTHS, GUDAI, GETAE EUCII, ÉOTENAS, JOTUNS, ÉOTAS, IÓTAS, IÚTAN, GÉATAS, GAUTIR, GUTAR, GÖTAR, EUDOESES,
http://www.protogermanic.com/2011/09/jutes-jutish-hypothesis-iuti-iutae.html
Well Pytheas' description of where the Teutones and Guttones (neighbors) lived agrees with Jutland and its islands to the East; the culture of millet in the north, and of wheat in the south, and the abundance of honey: there is also, about a degree to the north of the latitude of 55 deg. 34' a part of the coast still denominated Thyland.
Also, the account of Pytheas, of the sea, air, and earth, seemed to be confounded in one element, is supposed by Malte Brun to allude to the sandy downs of Jutland, whose hills shift with the wind; the marshes, covered with a crust of sand, concealing from the traveller the gulf beneath, and the fogs of a peculiarly dense nature which frequently occur.
And the famous reference of dangerous The Scandiae islands of Greek and Roman antiquity is just the region of southern Sweden, along the Danish Islands between Jutland, across the Strait of Øresund. The description fit perfectly here.
The Scandiae islands of antiquity is possibly reference to Skanör med Falsterbo:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skan%C3%B6r-Falsterbo
The peninsula forms the southwesternmost tip of the Scandinavian Peninsula. It marks the border between the Baltic Sea and the Øresund, the sound that separates the Danish island Zealand from the southern Swedish province of Scania.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandinavia#Etymology
The names Scania and Scandinavia are considered to have the same etymology and the southernmost tip of what is today Sweden was called Scania by the Romans. The name is possibly derived from the Germanic root *Skaðin-awjo, which appears in Old Norse as Skáney. According to some scholars, the Germanic stem can be reconstructed as *Skaðan- meaning "danger" or "damage" (English scathing, German Schaden, Swedish skada). Skanör in Scania, with its long Falsterbo reef, has the same stem (skan) combined with -ör, which means "sandbanks".
In relation to the reference of Baltia Islands where the Guttones of Pytheas lived near of Teutones in Jutland (Thyland), is also uncertain and full of speculations but the most accepted is that:
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=baltia-geo
Yet each is found in Pytheas. Hence the likelihood of two names to the same locality, and the confusion arising therefrom. Again, the fact of the name being strange to the present Germans makes the assumption of an erroneous application of it all the more likely.
Name for name, nothing represents the ancient Baltia so closely as the Great and the Little Belts between the Danish isles and Jutland. But these are the names of straits of water, not of islands of land. Yet the present writer believes that the Baltia of Pytheas was the island of Fyen or Sealand (one or both), and that the name Baltia is retained in that of the waters that bound them.
He would not, however, believe this, if there had been no change in language. Had that been uniform from the beginning, the confusion which he assumes would have been illegitimate.
Another speculation connects itself with the root Balt--. In the article AVARI, a principle which will bear a wide application has been suggested. It is as follows: when the name of a non-historical individual coincides with that of an historical population (or locality), the individual is to be considered as an eponymus.
Now, the legends of the country of the Getae connected them with the Guttones of the Baltic; indeed, when the name Goth became prominent, the original seat of the stock was laid on that sea, sometimes on the southern coast in the amber-country, sometimes as far north as Scandinavia.
More than this, the two royal lines were those of the Balt-ungs (Baltidae), and the Amal-ungs(Amalidae). For a Balt, or an Amal, as real personages, we look in vain. Populations, however, to which they were Eponymi, we find in the two localities Baltia and Abalus--associated localities in the accredited mother-country
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltia
The Guttones (Goths) of Pytheas were from Denmark (possibly the Islands) close to their neighbors Teutones of Jutland (Thyland of Pyheas). Both could have been the same people, regional differences and lease only.
However, the origin of the Goths is still uncertain, I don't dismiss a 'Swedish origin' at all. My guess is that the truth lies somewhere in between Southern Sweden, Denmark and Northern Germany.
Those Germanic confederations of antiquity did not have the concept of ethnicities that we have today. They pretty much were the product of the same origin - the Nordic Bronze age and Jastorf culture. Fair were moving, separating it into confederations and/or adopting local identity, or cheftain name, etc.
In somehow maintaining the same linguistic base emerged within the proto-Germanic (just take a look at the Grimm's law). Hence the mix up of confederation names and origins.
[QUOTE=Balder;405881]I was referring to the proto-Germanic 'dialect' continuum emerged during Late-Nordic Bronze age and early Jastorf period.
i'll look at your academic article about this tribes names correlation, thanks for that! (I give my thoughts without thinking they were a Bible extract!)
but concerning swedish = danish language origin, my selfmade knowledge of languages tell me it is an oversimplification - all of these languages are from old nordic germanic languages and show some reasonable diverging evolutions where swedish and norwegian dialects stayed closer one to another than to danish modern dialects and language - the prestige of some stage of sanish "tongue" history could have influenced swedish (as bokmaal of Norway) but as a whole the non-continental dialects of germanic are still closer within them except the Skane and surrounding southern swedish dialects which keep the marks of Denmark domination - I can mistake, it 's true...
As I said, I don't necessarily agree in all with the Swedish origin for the Goths, nor do I dismiss it. As for the Goths, seeing they spoke an old Germanic language, so they did originate from the proto-Germanic urheimat e.g. South-Scandinavia/Jutland /Northern Germany (Nordic Bronze age to iron age Jastorf culture).
Also, as I said above, Gautr, Gaut, Gauti, Guti, Gothus and Geat are name forms based on the same Proto-Germanic root, *ǥud*.
Gautr, Gauti, Guti, Gothus and Geat are name forms based on the same Proto-Germanic (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic) root, *ǥuđ- (see God (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_(word))). Gapt is generally considered to be a corruption of Gaut.
The names may represent the eponymous founder of an early tribe ancestral to the Gautar (Geats (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geat)), Gutans (Goths (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goths)) and Gutes (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutes) (Gotlanders).
Gaut was one of Odin (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odin)'s names and the name forms are thought to be echoes of an ancient ancestry tradition among Germanic tribes (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_tribes), such as that of Yngvi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngvi), Freyr (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freyr) and the Ingaevones (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingaevones).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaut
Andersson, Thorsten. (1996) "Göter, goter, gutar" in Journal Namn och Bygd, Uppsala.
http://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0009&L=gothic-l&D=0&P=8323
Just a close evident common linguistic and 'tribal' designations of both Geats, Gutes (and their two homelands Götaland and Gotland) and Goths but also in place-names such as Göta Älv/Götaälven (älven = the river) in Sweden as of all Jordanes classical believe.
My guess is that the 'ethnos' origin of them lies somewhere in between, that is some kind of 'Swedish origin' but that much was happening then. And since they spoke an old Germanic language, they came from somewhere into the area of the proto-Germanic language and culture i.e. Scandinavia, Jutland and Northern Germany, most likely near some of the places connected to their name.
Another East Germanic tribe -the Burgundians- also have several place names in Scandinavia connected to them such as Burgundarholm (old Norse name for the island of Bornholm) or Borgund in Norway (both likely derived from borg = castle).
Several different ancient Germanic tribes did not rename both themselves, their homeland, rivers and whatnot after Roman books they could hardly read, really far fetched. Rather they were generally the same 'core' northern Iron age people of whom named themselves into confederations after a river, a cheftain, or a 'montain', a tree, a beach, whatever they lived nearby, hence why we have so many "goths" or "burgunds" and why they share an etymological origin in the same word.
The fact is the Goths from Roman historical literature were an old Iron Age, unquestionable, Germanic tribe, its origin in mainland Scandinavia (Sweden), currently debated. It would not be unlikely that their ethnogenesis, meant the origin of Proto-Germanic root word, *ǥud* can still be traced back to some place in Jutland or Holsten (Northern Germany) and from there spread as happened during all Iron Age Germanic culture.
And that's why the whole origin of the Goths originated in Sweden is debated in somehow.
Only the time, recent studies and genetic testing will tell.
Yes, but the separation began at the end of the Viking age, late medieval era. That is, 1000 years ago. Already the proto-Germanic 'dialect' continuum emerged during Late-Nordic Bronze age and early Jastorf period existed to 2000-2500 years ago. Hence my argument of a 'common' origin between Jutes, Gaets and Goths. This debate in recent years has become common among Swedish and Danish historians.
Scania, and the rest of Southern Sweden tips (where I come from), really have a modern close Danish intonation and linguistic semantic for obvious historical reasons of that the region until the 17th century, was the core part Eastern of old Danish kingdom.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%A5neland
Could have been the 'first' Goths originated on the island of Fyn (Funen) in Denmark?
That route between central-southern Sweden and the Danish island of Fyn was already known to 3000 years ago, before of the solidification (ethogenesis) of I.E Germanic 'culture' into the area.
http://www.catshaman.com/24erils4/0horse2-filer/import1.jpg
Ingemar Nordgren "Göter-källan" (the origin of the goths).
Unfortunately his remarks resulted in an unfair discussion, where the basic idea of Ingemar got lost. As his idea gives an answer to the discussion about the names of Gauts, I will bring it up again.
According to Ingemar the Gauts were people who believed their kings to descend from the warrior god Gaut. Their ancestors in Scandinavia mostly were Ingviones - farmers worshipping the old fertility god Ing. As a consequence the Gauts was a religios group - not a single people. Therefore we have Gauti, Geats, Gauthigothi, Goeter, Guter and maybee Juter. Most of them were different tribes or people.
They knew each other from the trade routes on the Baltic Sea and Kattegat, where Gotland was as a trade center connected to the Bernstein Route. When some of them had to leave Scandinavia they first settled near the mouth of Wistula, where some of the local tribes maybe already were Gauts. At last a group of Gauts followed the trade route to the Black Sea where they became known as the Goths. This group may have consisted of several tribes from Scandinavia and the south-eastern shores of the Baltic Sea.
http://www.svavarsson.is/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Herular.pdf
Grubbe
There is a new revision of the I1 tree again: http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_HapgrpI.html
So now the tree here http://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_I1_Y-DNA.shtml is out of date.
Using the most recent ISOGG revisions that Grubbe linked plus the continually updated I1 SNP maps on FTDNA it should be possible to start connecting some dots. I've already noticed some thought provoking trends. Interested to see what some other folks have to say here...
Do you mean angles or just saxons as i live in a traditionally anglian area of england and ing (people) ham (hamlet) are common place names here in mercia england?
I apologise this question refers to maciamos remarks about flanders with saxon place names.


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Diamante's "Coming In Hot" with the premiere of her new video—watch
Christina Godfrey
Christina Godfrey Published: June 16, 2017
[Photo by: Lindsay Adler Photography]
Blue-haired rock maven Diamante is premiering "Coming In Hot" off her debut album Coming In Hot (release date not yet announced). The album was produced by Howard Benson, who has worked with the likes of My Chemical Romance, Chris Cornell and Halestorm, and finds Diamante at her most vulnerable.
"Howard really pushed me to be vulnerable and talk about things I was afraid to talk about," she says. "I finally got the courage to be honest with my lyrics and myself. I want to be someone girls and guys growing up can relate to."
Watch the video for "Coming In Hot" below:
Hoping to bring on a new era of rock, Diamante says this is not only your new go-to summer song, but also her explosive entrance onto the music scene.
"'Coming In Hot' is my modern take on the iconic spirit of '80s rock 'n' roll," Diamante says. "It's both an epic summer anthem and my personal interpretation of breaking the rules of safety in today's music industry — whether they're ready or not."
For those hearing Diamante for the first time, you're probably wondering, "What does her name even mean?"
"In Spanish, Diamante means 'Diamond,' and my middle name Azzura means 'Blue' in Italian," she explains. "If I was a color, I would be blue. I love it because it's bold, ethereal, and everything I am."
The track can be purchased on Apple, and you can catch up with Diamante on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.
What do you think of the video? Let us know in the comments below!
Filed Under: diamante, Premiere
Categories: Features, Music


Simone Graham – Editor: Mojave Desert Air Basin — Residents within the Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District this week are feeling the effects of drift smoke from the Holy Fire in Trabuco Canyon, adding to smoke from fires in Northern California also still making its way into the region.
Based on wind pattern forecasts, residents may feel the effects of smoke from the Holy Fire burning in the Santa Ana Mountains through Wednesday.
If you can smell smoke, you are breathing smoke. When smoke is present, residents should avoid excessive outdoor exercise or activity. Children, seniors, people with heart or lung disease and physically active adults are at greatest risk during poor air quality events.
MDAQMD urges residents to check local air quality by visiting www.AirNow.gov or http://www.enviroflash.info here you can sign up for text and email alerts with Air Quality forecasts.
MDAQMD is the air pollution control authority and permitting agency for the High Desert portion of San Bernardino County and the Palo Verde Valley in Riverside County. It is governed by a board of 13 members representing nine incorporated municipalities and two counties within its boundaries. Visit http://www.mdaqmd.ca.gov/ or follow us on social media @MDAQMD.


HABIT Perennial. Culms decumbent; 50–100 cm long; rooting from lower nodes. Leaf-sheaths 2–4 cm long; pilose. Ligule an eciliate membrane, or a ciliolate membrane; 2–4 mm long. Leaf-blade base broadly rounded; symmetrical, or asymmetrical. Leaf-blades lanceolate; 8–12 cm long; 12–20 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous, or pilose.
Racemes 3–8; borne along a central axis; unilateral; 1.5–7 cm long; secondarily branched. Rhachis angular. Spikelet packing distant; irregular.
Spikelets ascending; solitary, or in pairs. Fertile spikelets pedicelled; 1 in the cluster, or 2 in the cluster. Pedicels linear; angular; unequal; 2–7 mm long.
FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic; laterally compressed; 4.2–4.7 mm long; 1.4–1.6 mm wide; falling entire. Spikelet callus square; glabrous; base truncate. Rhachilla internodes elongated between glumes.
GLUMES Glumes dissimilar; shorter than spikelet; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 2.1–2.5 mm long; 0.5 length of spikelet; herbaceous; without keels; 3–5 -veined. Lower glume surface pilose; hairy at apex. Lower glume apex obtuse. Upper glume elliptic; 3.6–4 mm long; 0.8–0.9 length of spikelet; herbaceous; 5 -veined. Upper glume surface pilose; hairy at apex. Upper glume apex obtuse.
FLORETS Basal sterile florets male; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 length of spikelet; herbaceous; 5 -veined; pilose; hairy at apex; obtuse. Fertile lemma elliptic; dorsally compressed; 3.5–4 mm long; 1.2–1.4 mm wide; indurate; pallid. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acute; pubescent and with a little green crest. Palea reflexed at apex; elliptic; involute; 1 length of lemma; indurate; 2 -veined. Palea apex pubescent and with green spots.


Young: I need to bring up referee resources, we'll have to bring in almost all of the center referees and almost all of the ARs. This will be an expensive weekend and I want to make sure we're all OK with that.
Kolberg: How many games are we looking at?
Young: Most likely it's 10 matches on Saturday and at least 3 on Sunday. Most of those referees will have to travel in and will need hotel rooms.
Kolberg: I understand the budget concerns but feel that Dallas put in a very good bid. I think we go with the vote.
Tolar: I'm not sure if we will have that many TRU D4 matches, some are having issues with fielding multiple sides.
Hughes: I think from the smaller clubs would appreciate the lower hotel costs rather than having concerns over the referees cost.
Young: I just wanted to bring this up as I felt I would be remiss in not bringing up budget.
Dodge: Sounds as though most of the referees would come from Austin anyway, so there would be a similar cost of going to Houston as well, and Austin got no votes.
Young: There is a pretty good group of referees in Houston as well. I believe most referees will have to come from Austin and Houston.
Young: I updated the website, please check your division for accuracy. If any other changes need to be made, let me know.
Kurylas: I looked at D3 and it's fine.
Dodge: Ok, we need someone to look at D2 as well. D1 is correct.
Dodge: Since we're doing something a little different this year, can we do some direct outreach to those teams that look like they may be involved in the wild card playoff?
Hughes: Yes, we can do that.
Dodge: Wendy, can you send out a reminder about the tie breakers again?
Dodge: Wendy, can we also post about the upcoming CIPP deadline and playoff eligibility rules?
Young: Yes, I have this scheduled for March 15 already.
Dodge: As you all know, historically the host clubs have funded referees for summer 7s tournaments. With the advent of the USA Rugby Regional Qualifiers, however, TRU has stepped in to subsidize referees for the Qualifier brackets. Last year, we approved a hybrid TOLA/Qualifier bracket for the 3 Qualifier tournaments and worked out a formula with TRU for how referees for those tournaments should be funded. However, the formula proved to be a bit cumbersome, and TRU had to chase host clubs for their share of the referee expense. The hybrid brackets have been good for the health of the 7s competition, so we want to keep them (with some tweaks that the 7s Subcommittee is working out). So, yesterday, Kirk Tate and I informally discussed a proposal for a referee subsidy funding for the hybrid brackets this year. We came up with a proposal that I have forwarded to Fil Keuppens as the 7s Subcommittee Chair, for discussion among the Subcommittee. There is some data that needs to be gathered, and modifications to the host bid package to be made. I have asked Fil to have the Subcommittee's final proposal ready for an e-vote later this week, so we can hopefully submit an approved proposal to the TRU Board on 3/18. Questions?
Dodge: We're basically going to prorate the divisions and the referee cost to the TRU.
Young: Will post after we confirm/announce RRRC 15s host.
Keuppens: We're also updating the bid parameters a bit and once we have those details we'll post to the website. From there, the 7s subcommittee will make a recommendation to RRRC and TRU. We'll then host an "all hands" call to discuss competition changes will any and all willing participants. Note that we have received outside requests from NOLA and Phantom 7s to play in our competition.
Keuppens: Would we have any idea of what a prorated cost to those clubs would be?
Keuppens: I had heard there were discussions with the TRU about this.
Young: I'd recommend contacting Kirk directly.
3/9 Galveston vs Woodlands – Woodlands ineligible player?
Young: I received notice from a referee that Woodlands #9 was a UH player? I asked the MD3 reps to look into it.
Hughes: We've been told that The Woodlands played an ineligible player. Galveston wasn't aware and haven't made any noise about it. If The Woodlands did play an ineligible player, what should we recommend to the TRU?
Dodge: I reached out to the USAR Competitions Chair to see if we need to have a complaining party. Technically our book check procedures indicate that if a book check isn't done, it's waived.
Young; We have precedent though.
Dodge: Yes, that last one I recall was possibly an issue with Arrows. Has anyone talked to The Woodlands?
Young: We got the notice from a referee because this player received a yellow card. The player is NOT listed on the CMS roster either, it is blank.
Kolberg: I think we go to Woodlands and see what they have to say. If it's an excuse, we penalize them. We have to address this and we have to penalize this in some way shape or form. This can't be done.
Young: For the Arrows issue the match was declared a forfeit (they won that match) and they were accessed a $100 fine by the TRU.
Hughes: I can reach out to Woodlands and see what they have to say. Issuing a forfeit wouldn't do anything as Woodlands lost the match.
Dodge: Ok, let's start with that. Travis, please report back to us when you have more details. Once we have the details, we may want to do a quick email vote.
Keuppens: Even though they are lower in the standings, shouldn't we dock them points?
Dodge: Let's see what they have to say and then we can have an email discussion and vote.
Watson: Did anyone receive the survey?
Dodge: Yes, I believe it went to every CIPP'd player.
Hale: I have not received anything.
Dodge: I know a lot of the USA RUgby NCC folks got it in their spam folder. It would have come out last Tuesday or so. The subject line of the email is "Be Apart of the USA Rugby Governance Reform" and I received mine last Monday 3/4/19 around 2:45PM. Everyone please encourage your constituencies to have their members respond to this survey.
Watson: If you didn't receive it, send me an email and I'll make sure it's sent to you. I'd like to see the TRU with the highest return in results.
Young: It's a generic link, we can blast it on social media as well.


The pirr-maw or pick-maw (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) is a smaw gou that breeds in much o Europe an Asie, an aa in coastal eastren Canadae.
↑ Butchart, S.; Symes, A. (2012). "Larus ridibundus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2012: e.T22694420A38851158. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
This page wis last eeditit on 22 Juin 2017, at 01:47.


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Aisby (South Kesteven) – miejscowość w hrabstwie Lincolnshire (Anglia)
 Aisby (West Lindsey) – miejscowość w hrabstwie Lincolnshire (Anglia)


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Home / Behavioral Health / US has highest car crash fatality rate
US has highest car crash fatality rate
By: health enews Staff
Every day, about 90 people die from car accidents in the US, according to a newly released government report. And while this number has gone down significantly in past years, it is by far the highest fatality rate among countries with similar incomes and populations.
The new study, released by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), found that while reducing motor vehicle crash deaths was "one of the great public health achievements of the 20th century for the US," still more than 32,000 people are killed and two million are injured each year from these crashes. The CDC also found that over 18,000 lives could be saved each year, if US crash fatalities were the same as the average crash rates of 19 other comparable income countries.
The CDC says major risk factors that contributed to crash deaths include:
Not using seat belts, car seats and booster seats: more than 9,500 crash deaths
Drunk driving: more than 10,000 crash deaths
Speeding: more than 9,500 crash deaths
"While I've noticed a decrease in the number of motor vehicle accidents, I've also seen an increase in the number of motorbike accidents," says Dr. John Piotrowski, medical director of the emergency department and chairman of emergency medicine at Advocate Condell Medical Center in Libertyville, Ill.
He says another major risk factor is "distracted and multitasking drivers, who are prevalent in younger generations. There have been many accidents that are the result of teens trying to text, send selfies or Snapchat while driving."
Direct medical costs that resulted from crash deaths in one year totaled more than $380 million, according to the CDC.
However, there are ways to prevent these accidents and deaths. The CDC advises the folllowing in order to prevent accidents:
Use a seat belt, in every seat, on every trip, no matter how short the distance being driven
Make sure children are always properly buckled in the back seat in a car seat, booster seat, or seat belt, whichever is appropriate for their age, height and weight
Choose not to drive while impaired by alcohol or drugs, and help others do the same
Obey speed limits
Drive without distractions, such as using a cell phone or texting
jim franklin July 15, 2016 at 11:55 am · Reply
Stop tailgating.
Christine July 15, 2016 at 1:00 pm · Reply
Has drowsy driving been taken into account. I see many accidents due to driver fatigue.
Carol Kyrias July 15, 2016 at 11:33 pm · Reply
How about the distractions provided by children screaming, fighting, and crying in the back seat.
Joel H. July 15, 2016 at 11:57 pm · Reply
I'm really glad the CDC spent our tax dollars on another study. Unfortunately, we don't need more studies. What we need is action. If cell providers and / or the government really wanted to prevent distracted driving as a result of motorist trying to text, send selfies, use Snapchat, browse the web, etc., while driving, it would be done. The technology to accomplish this has been available for years and it would be a rather simple matter for cell carriers to enforce such restrictions on a national level. Unfortunately, I suspect this is another case where profit takes precedent over any real concern for safety. Our government could also mandate such action, but with millions of dollars being pumped into political campaigns by the cell phone industry, this seems unlikely. I'm really sick of all the lip service various governmental agencies give to the dangers of distracted driving, when it's within their power to do something about it and they do nothing!
If parents are really concerned and want to control their children's cell usage, there are several commercial applications that make this possible right now. Programs such as Cellcontrol, Drive Safe Mode, DriveOFF, DriveMode, DriveMode, DriveScribe, Canary and Live2Txt allow parents to turn off certain features, such as texting, web browsing, camera operation, etc., while the phone is in motion.
← The top 10 summer safety hazards for kids
Is carbonated water bad for you? →
health enews Staff
health enews staff is a group of experienced writers from our Advocate Aurora Health sites, which also includes freelance or intern writers.
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The Wilson Academy admits the students of any race, color, national origin, and ethnic origin to all the rights, programs, privileges, and activities generally accorded or made available to students at the school. It does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, and ethnic origin in administration of its educational policies, admission policies, scholarship programs, and athletic and other school-administered programs.
Applying for enrollment at The Wilson Academy is a two-step process.
Step One: Click here to download the application. Email or mail us your completed application, as well as copies of the child's two most recent report cards AND all behavioral records.
Step Two: All students and parents must be interviewed by Headmaster Wilson in order to gain admission. Once we have received your application we will determine whether your child is a candidate for enrollment. At this time, we will contact you to schedule your interview.
The Wilson Academy is an open enrollment program. However, our enrollment is one of the most competitive in Dekalb County, GA and beyond, so we strongly urge interested parents to act quickly when applying for admission. All students and families must be interviewed prior to admissions, and we begin interviews in January for the following Fall semester. Enrollment closes once we have selected the most qualified applicants and we have met our class-size limits.


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Movies & TV 2023
Who Is the Real 'Good Nurse,' Amy Loughren?
Yes, 'The Good Nurse' Is a Real Person, and Her Name Is Amy Loughren
By Aimée Lutkin Published: Oct 27, 2022
While The Good Nurse tells the chilling saga of serial killer Charles Cullen, its title actually refers to the other nurse in the story, Amy Loughren. She worked side-by-side with Cullen at Somerset Medical Centre in Somerville, New Jersey and went undercover to lead to his arrest in real life. The pair were actually close friends, working many late nights together at the facility's intensive care unit. In the film, Loughren is played by Jessica Chastain and Cullen by Eddie Redmayne.
Who is the real woman behind the true crime dramatization? Here's Amy Loughren's real story.
Who is Amy Loughren?
While working at Somerset, Loughren was a single mother of two. She suffered from cardiomyopathy, which eventually led to her having to get a pacemaker. However, she didn't disclose her illness at work in fear of losing her well-paying job, according to Slate. Loughren was so close with Cullen that he even helped her through debilitating episodes during her work shift that left her breathless and incapacitated. She told People of their former friendship, "He was funny. We bonded right away and became friends."
How did Amy Loughren figure out Charles Cullen was murdering patients?
Loughren was approached by investigators who had suspicions over the number of deaths at Somerset in connection to Cullen. The issue came to a head following the death of a reverend named Florian Gall, who was being treated at the facility and had shown signs of improvement. When Gall surprisingly died from a massive heart attack, his autopsy revealed a lethal does of the drug digoxin in his body. In small doses, digoxin can help with heart problems, but Cullen administered fatal doses to patients, which led to their deaths.
When Loughren saw documents listing the drugs Cullen was ordering, she knew something was wrong. "There were so many withdrawals of lethal medications that you wouldn't order unless you wanted to kill someone," she told CBS at the time.
JoJo Whilden//Netflix
How did Loughren get Cullen to confess?
Detectives asked Loughren to wear a wire and to try and coax information out of her one-time friend. But in an interview with Glamour UK, she said that it presented a problem when they found out about her pacemaker.
"I was scared shitless," she said. "It was terrifying going in, especially when they wired me up, saw my scar of a recent pacemaker implantation and the detective said 'no, we can't put this wire on you.' I said, 'Yes you can. I'm a cardiac nurse, I know I'll be ok.' He went to his colleague and they talked about shutting this down, so I had to talk them into it. The truth is I didn't know how this would affect my heart, but I knew I needed to go in there and get that confession. I was determined maybe, not brave."
The pair met at a restaurant and Loughren, with a wire, got enough info for Cullen to be arrested on probable cause. He eventually confessed to 40 murders, though it is suspected he may have killed far more people under his care. He is currently serving 17 consecutive life sentences.
Did Loughren and Cullen stay in touch after his arrest?
Before Cullen realized that Loughren had turned on him, they still exchanged letters. She even visited him in jail.
"When he found out that I had been working for the New Jersey Crown Prosecution that was the last time he answered my letters," she said. "Up until then, I saw him in prison maybe dozens of times. I really wanted to know if I had harmed someone accidentally and I wanted answers and closure. I think I wanted to be in denial that he was a mercy killer, I wanted to make certain that whoever my friend Charlie was that he was no longer there."
Cullen had claimed that he was putting his "very sick" victims out of their misery, but many of them did not have terminal conditions. The method and medications he used "were terrifying and paralytic so he could take them off their sedation, wake them up, give them a paralytic and watch them struggle to breathe," Loughren told Glamour UK. Loughren says she never got the answers she wanted from Cullen, but she did come to understand "how charismatic he was and how easy it was to be drawn in."
She added, "It was a process of being able to forgive myself for not seeing it."
Where is Amy Loughren now?
Loughren says on her website that she is now a "Reiki Master, a Hypnotherapist, NLP Practitioner, Meditation Instructor, DreamSculptor Practitioner, Reconnective Healer, Integrative Energy Healer, Past Life Regressionist, Crystal Language Reader, Medical Intuitive, and learned 'The Work' from Byron Katie."
She currently lives in Florida with her family, and has been active in promoting The Good Nurse alongside stars Jessica Chastain and Eddie Redmayne.
Loughren with Jessica Chastain at the Good Nurse premiere in London.
David M. Benett//Getty Images
Aimée Lutkin
Aimée Lutkin is the weekend editor at ELLE.com. Her writing has appeared in Jezebel, Glamour, Marie Claire and more. Her first book, The Lonely Hunter, will be released by Dial Press in February 2022.
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Super bulky big stitch yarns of 100% alpaca wool. Fat Alpaca Sings is our bulkiest alpaca yarn and it is made in Finland. This yarn is amazing - it is huge, soft, wavy and luxurious. Be inspired and create the most beautiful knits with this yarn. This yarn is ideal for knits that come close to skin.
As with all TJOCKT yarns, it's pre-washed and slightly felted on the outside for less pilling and no shrinking! Spun the old-fashioned way rather than core-spun, so there's no worming or separating even when you have to undo or "frog" your stitches. Great durability!


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Q: I need to know how to add images from a files on my windows 10 PC to a google apps script HTML website I want to add images to a google apps script hosted webpage.
I tried looking around the menus and checking google.

I want it to display the image at the desired size

A: Images from Albums in my Google Photo Library in a Web App
function doGet(e){
  return displayAlbums(true);
}

//used for web app and dialog depending upon weather web parameter is true or not.  If it's not provided then it's false.
function displayAlbums(web) {
  var web=web||false;
  //different color backgrounds for each album
  var bgA=['#f3eeb3','#f3e2b3','#f3ceb3','#f3b3b6','#f3b3b6','#f3b3ef','#b3eaf3','#b3f3e3','#b3f3cb','#bdf3b3']
  var html='';
  var n=0;
  var albumsA=listAlbums();
  for(var i=0;i<albumsA.length;i++) {
    html+='';
    html+=Utilities.formatString('
',i,bgA[i]);
    html+=Utilities.formatString('
%s
', albumsA[i].title);
    var images=listImagesOfAnAlbum(albumsA[i].id);
    for(var j=0;j<images.length;j++) {
      html+=Utilities.formatString('
%s - %s
',j+1,images[j].filename, images[j].baseUrl);
    }
    html+='
';
  }
  if(!web) {
    var userInterface=HtmlService.createHtmlOutput(html).setWidth(600).setHeight(500);
    SpreadsheetApp.getUi().showModelessDialog(userInterface, 'Displaying my Albums');
  }else{
    var output=HtmlService.createHtmlOutput(html).setWidth(600).setHeight(500);
    return output.setXFrameOptionsMode(HtmlService.XFrameOptionsMode.ALLOWALL).addMetaTag('viewport', 'width=360, initial-scale=1');
  }
}

function listAlbums() {
  var token=null;
  var fA=[];
  var n=0;
  do{
    var params = {muteHttpExceptions:true,headers: {"Authorization": "Bearer " + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()}};
    var url=Utilities.formatString('https://photoslibrary.googleapis.com/v1/albums?pageSize=50%s',(token!=null)?"&pageToken=" + token:"");
    var resp=UrlFetchApp.fetch(url,params);
    var js=JSON.parse(resp.getContentText());
    for(var i=0;i<js.albums.length;i++) {
      fA.push({id:js.albums[i].id,title:js.albums[i].title,count:js.albums.mediaItemsCount});
    }
    token=js.nextPageToken;
  }while(token!=null);
  Logger.log(fA);
  return fA;
}

function listImagesOfAnAlbum(albumId) {
  var albumId= albumId || 'Default Id for debugging';
  var token=null;
  var iA=[];
  var n=0;
  do{
    var params = {
      method:"post",
      muteHttpExceptions:true,
      headers: {"Authorization": "Bearer " + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()},
      payload:{"albumId": albumId,"pageSize":"50","pageToken":token}};
    var url="https://photoslibrary.googleapis.com/v1/mediaItems:search";
    var resp=UrlFetchApp.fetch(url,params);
    var js=JSON.parse(resp.getContentText());
    for(var i=0;i<js.mediaItems.length;i++) {
      iA.push({filename:js.mediaItems[i].filename,baseUrl:js.mediaItems[i].baseUrl});
    }
    token=js.nextPageToken;
  }while(token!=null);
  return iA;
}

Google Photos API
I added this to the manifest file:
"exceptionLogging": "STACKDRIVER",
  "oauthScopes": ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/photoslibrary", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.container.ui", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.external_request", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.scriptapp", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets"]

Also adding this to your google scripts even though you don't need it will provoke the authenticator to added the need scopes.  And also setup the Drive API in Resources Advanced Google Services.
//DriveApp.getFiles();
function listFiles() {
  var files = Drive.Files.list({
    fields: 'nextPageToken, items(id, title)',
    maxResults: 10
  }).items;
  for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
    var file = files[i];
    Logger.log('\n%s-Title: %s Id: %s',i+1,file.title,file.id);
  }
}

This is a technique describe by Bruce McPherson as borrowing a Token you can read about it here
I had already loaded the Oauth2 and GOA libraries. According the Mr. McPherson you will need to install the GOA Library although I never actively used it.  He has a walk through here Just go through his little slide presentation.  This may seem like a lot of trouble and it is.  But it does provide you with programmatic access to the photo library.  Fortunately, Google does all this for us on most of our libraries.

From Your Personal Computer to your Website with DataURI's
Another way to get images right off of your Google Drive and into your webapp website.

The Javascript in the

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I am a provider in the Cigna Health Care network. If you are a City of Santa Fe employee with Cigna health insurance that is experiencing pain, stress-related symptoms, an acute injury, etc., you can come see me for a session and just pay your co-pay. (I can look up your benefits and check your co-pay which is often $0.) I will bill Cigna for the rest of the session. You can call, text, or email to set up an appointment.


Are we having a tendency to overinterpret, I wonder.
Re: Are we having a tendency to overinterpret, I wonder.
cadla wrote: When in doubt, a nifty supportive statement from Star Trek with some pertinent screen shots should explain any contrary or misleading symbolism. The fact that Star Trek didn't exist in 15th century Italy will not interfere with your using it for interpretation. You can make pictures of Temperance saying "Beam me up Scotty" and relate it to Aquarius, and the Disputation of Saint Catherine of Alexandria by Federico Zuccaro.
Throw in a shot of Dr. McCoy with some putti flying around his head while he's saying "I'm a doctor Jim, not Cesar Ripa!" and you have the start of a complete and satisfying study.


See live pictures taken from the 19th floor of the PECO energy building in Philly.
This site also has links to live pictures from beaches, bays and more highways!
This is a cool site a friend made for a comic company.
people have seen this page.


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Home › Alumni › Alumni – H › Halop, Billy
Halop, Billy
Billy Halop
Born: 11 February, 1920, New York NY
Died: 9 November, 1976, Brentwood CA
Attended Mar-Ken School 1937-1938.
Born William Halop, he was known as Billy throughout his life. He started his career as a child, along with his younger sister, Florence Halop, in New York radio. Billy did some Broadway performances including the hit "Dead End." Samuel Goldwyn brought the teenage cast members to Hollywood to perform in the film version of the play, and Billy did a series of movies as one of the Dead End Kids / East Side Kids moving from studio to studio. After Mar-Ken School, Billy appeared in 'B' movies and many TV parts into the 1970's. However, he supplemented his income with other jobs. The Internet Movie Database website credits Billy as being named "Most Creative Salesman in the U.S." by the National Association of Manufacturers when he worked for the Leonard Appliance Company in Los Angeles as an electric dryer salesman. He was married and divorced three times. His first wife had multiple sclerosis, and Billy learned nursing skills while caring for her. That led to a career as a registered nurse. He worked at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica until his death of a heart attack in 1976. – By Alan H. Simon for Mar-Ken.org
In an article in the June 2, 1940 issue of the Los Angeles Times, Billy Halop and his sister Florence Halop are listed as Mar-Ken classmates of Jean Spitzel, present at a luncheon she gave in her parents' home in honor of the graduating Mar-Ken School students.
Jackie Cooper in his autobiography, Please Don't Shoot My Dog, mentions in reference to Judy Garland: "She had fallen for an older man, Billy Halop, who was sixteen or so and just recently imported from New York."
From the September 30, 1938 Mar-Ken Journal:
Billy Halop is working in "Crime is A Racket" with Humphrey Bogart and Gale Page. [The movie was released with the title "Crime School" – Alan Simon, Mar-Ken.org]
From the October 28, 1938 Mar-Ken Journal:
MOVIE NEWS: The Dead End Kids have separated for one or two pictures, but will again unite for "Hell's Kitchen" at Warners. Original boys are: Leo Gorcey, Gabriel Dell, Huntz Hall, Bobby Jordan, Billy Halop and Bernard Punsley.
ALUMNI: Billy Halop has his own radio program and coast to coast, too.
Links to other resources about Billy Halop:
Internet Movie Database Listing: