text:
Q: rails changes schema.rb for no reason Everytime I run a rake db:migrate rails decides to change my schema.rb file. In some cases this is completely reasonable, however in some other cases it seems that it's doing it for no reason. The case I'm confused about is when I pull a new migration and a new version of schema.rb from git, and then run rake db:migrate. Since the new version of the schema.rb file came with this migration, I shouldn't be updating schema.rb. However, rails still changes it, every time. When this occurs I find incredibly silly changes such as:
add_index "my_table", ["column1", "column2"], :name => "index_on_some_columns"

to
add_index "my_table", ["column2", "column1"], :name => "index_on_some_columns"

When this happens I simply run git checkout db/schema.rb and go on with my life, but it irkes me to no end. Is there a reason why it does this, and how can I stop it from doing this?
EDIT: Here's an excerpt from a diff
@@ -165,12 +165,11 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20130206001907) do
     t.column "updated_at", :datetime
-    t.column "coordinates", :point, :srid => 4326
@@ -200,15 +199,16 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20130206001907) do
     t.column "something", :boolean
+    t.column "coordinates", :point, :srid => 4326
+    t.column "random_string", :string
     t.column "remote", :string
-    t.column "random_string", :string
   end

-  add_index "my_table", ["id", "foreign_id"], :name => "index_active_my_table_on_foreign_and_id"
-  add_index "my_table", ["id", "active"], :name => "index_my_table_on_active_and_id"
-  add_index "my_table", ["id", "content_modified_at"], :name => "index_my_table_on_content_modified_at_and_id"
+  add_index "my_table", ["foreign_id", "id"], :name => "index_active_my_table_on_foreign_and_id"
+  add_index "my_table", ["active", "id"], :name => "index_my_table_on_active_and_id"
+  add_index "my_table", ["content_modified_at", "id"], :name => "index_my_table_on_content_modified_at_and_id"

A:
Since the new version of the schema.rb file came with this migration, I shouldn't be updating schema.rb.

This is inaccurate.
Every time Rails runs a migration, it updates the schema.rb file using the database as a source. It doesn't look at the existing schema.rb file, it just uses information from the database and overwrites it.
It appears that the real issue is that running the same migration in two different environments (different combinations of Ruby, Rails, MySQL, operating systems) may yield different results when generating a schema.rb file.
The solution is to make sure everybody checking in code is using the same software versions, to whatever extent possible. And if it isn't possible (because this is a Windows vs. Linux vs. Mac difference and you don't feel like changing your OS) you'll just have to deal with the inconvenience.

A: For me the solution was making a rake db:schema:load first. And than rake db:migrate stopped changing my schema.rb for no reason.
CAUTION: rake db:schema:load will delete ALL of your existing data and recreate the database in respect of existing schema.rb.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In NASSABA: SONG OF A BIRD, Jimmy Grima follows his father, who is a bird-trapper, to the fields as he did as a child, but this time with a camera. In a one-hour performance, Jimmy documents and unravels the world, the sentiments and the arts of his father and his peers, who know how to whistle and call like singing birds.
F'NASSABA: SONG OF A BIRD, Jimmy Grima jdur wara missieru, li hu nassab, fl-għelieqi bħalma kien jagħmel meta kien tifel, imma din id-darba bil-camera f'idu. Fi produzzjoni ta' siegħa, Jimmy jiddokumenta u jikxef id-dinja, is-sentimenti u l-ħiliet ta' missieru u sħabu, li jafu jsaffru bħall-għasafar tal-għana.


First Version: Fashion and the Fish, 1996. Oil on canvas mounted on sculpted foamboard, 20.75 x 24.5 x 2 inches.
First Version: Fashion and the Fish (Study), 1996. Colored pencil on paper 20.75 x 24.5 inches.
The New Look, 1997. Colored pencil and tape on paper, 21.75 x 18 inches.
Art and the Artist: Larry Rivers, 1989. Oil on canvas mounted on sculpted foamboard, 68.5 x 63.25 x 4.5 inches.
Peruvian Street Art, 1992. Oil on canvas mounted on sculpted foamboard, 56.75 x 53.13 x 4.75 inches.
Fashion Macho, 2001. Oil on canvas, 41.5 x 36.25 inches.
Fashionably Sitting, 1996. Pencil and colored pencil on paper, 25 x 18 inches.
Brassiere Blouse, 2001. Pastel on paper, 22 x 16 inches.
Fashion and the Ambiguous, 2001. Charcoal, pastel and oil on paper mounted on sculpted foamboard, 31.5 x 24 inches.
Untitled (Last Fashion), 2002. Oil on canvas mounted on sculpted foamboard, 34. 5 x 51.25 x 4 inches.
Taking to the Boards, 2001. Oil on canvas, 40 x 27.5 inches.
Under a Beret, 2001. Oil on canvas, 43 x 41 inches.
Suited, 2001. Pastel and colored pencil on paper, 31 x 22.5 inches.


text:
Đề thi thử THPT Quốc gia 2015 môn Tiếng Anh trường THPT Phan Đăng Lưu, Thừa Thiên Huế (có đáp án)
By Hữu Hùng Hiền Hòa 27 Tháng Tư, 2015 4 Bình luận
Đề thi thử THPT Quốc gia 2015 môn Tiếng Anh trường THPT Phan Đăng Lưu, Thừa Thiên Huế (có đáp án).
Đề thi thử THPT Quốc gia 2015 môn Tiếng Anh trường THPT Phan Đăng Lưu, Thừa Thiên Huế được DeThiThu.Net sưu tầm và đăng tải, giúp các bạn học sinh ôn tập, chuẩn bị cho kỳ thi THPT Quốc gia một cách chủ động. Đề thi tập trung vào phần thi trắc nghiệm, sau khi làm xong, các bạn có thể tra cứu đáp án phía cuối đề. Mời các bạn tham khảo.
Download FULL file PDF ( Đề Thi + Đáp Án) TẠI ĐÂY
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Hình ảnh đề thi
ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA 2014 – 2015.
Môn: Anh Văn
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút;
(80 câu trắc nghiệm)
Mã đề thi 134
Họ, tên học sinh:……………………………………………………………
Lớp:………………………..
Câu 1: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in the following question.
People consider it rude to point about anyone.
A. consider
B. about
C. it
D. to
Câu 2: Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to the following question.
Robert ……………… in three important water polo games so far.
A. had played
B. has played
C. played
D. is palying
Michael …………. water sports when he was younger.
A. used to play
B. is used to play
C. used to playing
D. is used to playing
Câu 4: Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress in the following question.
A. begin
B. threaten
C. destroy
D. collect
Câu 5: Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined part in the following sentence.
Literature is a compulsory subject in our education, which means every student has to study this subject.
A. easy
B. required
C. difficult
D. unnecessary
From 6 to 15, read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions .
Today we take electricity for granted and perhaps we do not realize just how useful this discovery has been. Steam was the first invention that replaced wind power. It was used to drive engines and was passed through pipes and radiators to warm rooms. Petrol mixed with air was the next invention that provided power. Exploded in a cylinder, it drove a motor engine. Beyond these simple and direct uses, those forms have not much adaptability.
On the other hand, we make use of electricity in thousands of ways. From the powerful voltages that drive our electric trains to the tiny current needed to work a simple calculator, and from the huge electric magnet in steel works that can lift 10 tons to the tiny electric magnet in a doorbell, all are powered by electricity. An electric current can be made with equal ease to heat a huge mass of molten (nóng chảy) metal in a furnace (lò nung), or to boil a jug (bình, lọ) for a cup of coffee. Other than atomic energy, which has not as yet been harnessed (khai thác) to the full, electricity is the greatest power in the world. It is flexible, and so adaptable for any task for which it is wanted. It travels so easily and with incredible speed along wires or conductors that it can be supplied instantly over vast distances. To generate electricity, huge turbines or generators must be turned. In Australia they use coal or water to drive this machinery. When dams are built, falling water is used to drive the turbines without polluting the atmosphere with smoke from coal. Atomic power is used in several countries but there is always the fear of an accident. A tragedy once occurred at Chernobyl, in Ukraine, at an atomic power plant used to make electricity. The reactor leaked, which caused many deaths through radiation.
Now scientists are examining new ways of creating electricity without harmful effects to the environment. They may harness the tides as they flow in and out of bays. Most importantly, they hope to trap sunlight more efficiently. We do use solar heaters for swimming pools but as yet improvement in the capacity of the solar cells to create more current is necessary. When this happens, electric cars will be viable and the world will rid itself of the toxic gases given off by trucks and cars that burn fossil fuels.
Câu 6: The author mentions the sources of energy such as wind, steam, petrol in the first paragraph to ___.
A. suggest that electricity should be alternated with safer sources of energy
B. emphasize the usefulness and adaptability of electricity
C. imply that electricity is not the only useful source of energy
D. discuss which source of energy can be a suitable alternative to electricity
Câu 7: Before electricity, what was sometimes passed through pipes to heat rooms?
A. Gas.
B. Petrol.
C. Hot wind.
D. Steam.
Câu 8: What does the author mean by saying that electricity is flexible?
A. It is cheap and easy to use
B. It can be made with ease.
C. It can be adapted to various uses
D. It is used to drive motor engines.
Câu 9: What do we call machines that make electricity?
A. Pipes and radiators.
B. Voltages.
C. Generators or turbines.
D. Electric magnets.
Câu 10: The main forms of power used to generate electricity in Australia are ____.
A. water and coal
B. wind and gas
C. atomic power and water
D. sunlight and wind power
Câu 11: The word "they" in the last paragraph refers to ______.
A. new ways
B. harmful effects
C. scientists
D. the tides
Câu 12: Electric magnets are used in steel works to ______.
A. lift heavy weights up to ten tons
B. heat the molten steel
C. test the steel for strength
D. boil a jug of water
Câu 13: The advantage of harnessing the power of the tides and of sunlight to generate electricity is that they ______.
A. are more reliable
B. do not require attention
C. do not pollute the environment
D. are more adaptable
Câu 14: Which of the following power sources causes pollution by emitting harmful gases?
A. Sunlight.
C. Water.
D. Wind.
Câu 15: The best title for this passage could be ______.
A. "Why Electricity Is So Remarkable"
B. "Types of Power Plants"
C. "How to Produce Electricity"
D. "Electricity: Harmful Effects on Our Life"
Đề thi thử tiếng Anh 2017 THPT Chuyên Trần Phú KEY giải chi tiết
Đề thi thử tiếng Anh Chuyên ĐH Vinh 2017 lần 4 có đáp án
Đề thi thử 2017 môn Anh THPT chuyên KHTN Hà Nội lần 2 có đáp án
Đề thi thử tiếng Anh 2017 THPT Đa Phúc – Hà Nội lần 1
Đề thi thử tiếng Anh 2019 sở GD Hà Nội đáp án chi tiết
Đề thi thử môn Anh THPT Quốc Gia 2019 đáp án GIẢI CHI TIẾT
Đề thi thử tiếng Anh 2019 THPT Chuyên Bắc Ninh
Đáp án đề thi thử tiếng Anh 2018 THPT Chuyên Ngoại Ngữ giải chi tiết

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Opinion|How Not to Stay on Top
Joe Nocera
How Not to Stay on Top
By Joe Nocera
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the dominant computing device used in corporate America was a word processor made by Wang Laboratories. The company's founder and chief executive was An Wang, a brilliant Chinese immigrant who was widely hailed as a visionary entrepreneur and philanthropist.
At Wang's peak, some 80 percent of the top 2,000 corporations used the company's word processors, according to Bloomberg Businessweek. The company's rise was so heady that Wang used to keep a chart in his desk that showed when he expected to overtake the mighty I.B.M. — sometime in the mid-1990s.
But then I.B.M. created its first personal computer, and that was the beginning of the end for Wang. He and his company stubbornly clung to the notion that the main thing people wanted from their computers was word processing; even after the company realized its error — by which time Wang had foolishly installed his son as chief executive — it always seemed to be a step behind. By 1992, Wang Laboratories was bankrupt, done in by competitors that understood that people wanted their computers to be more than glorified typewriters.
Twenty-five years after Wang Laboratories dominated with its word processor, a Canadian company then called Research in Motion was the dominant player in its corner of technology: the cellphone and wireless e-mail market. The company, of course, made the BlackBerry. It is a remarkably similar story.
In its heyday, the BlackBerry was so popular that it was nicknamed the CrackBerry. Chief technology officers loved its emphasis on security. Corporate employees loved its compact keyboard, which they mastered with their thumbs. As recently as 2009, the BlackBerry had about 22 percent of the smartphone market.
Today, of course, the company — which recently changed its name to BlackBerry — is in a heap of trouble. In the most recent quarter, it announced a net loss of $84 million, the latest in a string of bad financial news. In the latest quarter, its share of the global smartphone market had slid to 2.7 percent. Its board announced last week that it was "exploring strategic options," which usually means it is putting itself on the block. Just like Wang Laboratories — and thousands of other once-dominant companies that stubbornly clung to what they thought they were instead of what they needed to be — the maker of the BlackBerry has become an object lesson in the vagaries of capitalism.
Joe NoceraCreditFred R. Conrad/The New York Times
It is not exactly news that it was the introduction of Apple's iPhone in 2007 — followed by smartphone competitors that used Google's Android operating system — that turned the BlackBerry from a dominant to a marginal device. But it's a little more complicated than that.
To start with, BlackBerry's co-chief executives, Mike Lazaridis and James Balsillie, simply didn't take the iPhone seriously at first — just as An Wang didn't take the personal computer seriously. After all, the iPhone had a touch screen that made it more difficult to write the kind of long, serious, work-related e-mails that BlackBerry users took for granted. The iPhone was a toy, they thought, and assumed that corporations would never let their employees use them on the job.
More than that, though, "BlackBerry had a huge installed base, and they were afraid to walk away from it," said Carolina Milanesi, a research vice president with the Gartner Group. This is a problem that often plagues dominant companies. They are so concerned with playing defense — protecting what they have built — that they stand paralyzed as new competitors arise with business models they can't, or won't, replicate.
As it turns out, it was true that the iPhone made e-mailing a more cumbersome experience. But it did everything else so much better that it didn't matter. People were willing to give up some of the ease of e-mail use for everything else iPhones provided. BlackBerry had long thought of itself as a company that provided mobile phone and wireless e-mail service. But Apple gave consumers a sense that they could have something more. In time, the iPhone became a more secure device, and technology officers succumbed to employee desires that they support it. The toy had become a tool.
In recent years, BlackBerry has introduced phones with touch screens. It set aside $150 million to lure developers to write apps for its phones. Its latest phone has gotten some good reviews. But the company has been consistently one step behind its competitors. Although BlackBerry could conceivably stage a comeback, it is still not a good place to be.
Was BlackBerry's fall from grace inevitable? When you look at the history of dominant companies — starting with General Motors — it is easy enough to conclude yes. There are companies that occasionally manage to reinvent themselves. They are nimble and ruthless, willing to disrupt their own business model because they can sense a threat on the horizon. But they're the exception.
Wang Laboratories is the rule. And so is BlackBerry.
David Brooks is off today.
A version of this article appears in print on , Section A, Page 19 of the New York edition with the headline: How Not To Stay On Top. Order Reprints | Today's Paper | Subscribe
Once Dominant, BlackBerry Seeks to Avoid Oblivion


American Bedroom Home Center in Beaumont, TX is an authorized dealer of Crown Mark Products. Quality is the #1 factor. Crown Mark's on-site quality control specialist checks that manufacturing meets their exact standards. This keeps their furniture at a high quality level. Their designs promote comfort and elegance. their research and development team is always in tune with the styles of the industry. Their customers can always depend on classic styling, as well as the latest styles.
So if you are looking for Crown Mark products in Beaumont, Vidor, Lumberton, Crystal Beach, Sabine Pass, China, Bevel Oaks, Orange and Winnie, or if you have any questions about Crown Mark products, please feel free to call us at 409-835-1859 or simply stop by American Bedroom Home Center at any time and we would be glad to help you.


LI GI Research is a clinical research site, in Great Neck, Long Island, close to New York City and its suburbs. We conduct medical research trials for major pharmaceutical companies. Since its establishment in 1995, LI GI Research has conducted over 150 national trials in gastroenterology, diabetes, cardiology, obesity, pain management and other medical conditions. We offer modern facilities, a comfortable waiting room, and a highly talented staff of medical research professionals. We are currently recruiting new patients for current and future clinical trials.


A Gamfior spindle rebuild is an economical and timely solution if your spindle fails or is failing. There are some spindles that come in for a quick repair, like a taper grind or standard bearing replacement; however, more often than not, a number of components may need to be replaced to ensure that your spindle goes back into production and stays there. You might be thinking about getting a replacement, but the good news is that we can rebuild your spindle at the fraction of the cost and time it would take to get a new one from the OEM.
After we do our initial diagnostics and inspect all the parts we can determine if a simple repair will get you back up and running or if we need to do a more thorough spindle rebuild.
Spindles tend to fail because they are exposed to contaminants, due to poor environments or problems with seals. We check and replace seals and bearings as a standard part of our spindle rebuild process. We offer engineered sealing solutions to prevent repeat premature failures and increase spindle longevity.
The other culprit of Gamfior spindle problems is a lack of lubrication. We offer lubrication solutions as well as on site assistance to diagnose and correct any lubrication problems that may exist on the machine tool.
Once we've rebuilt your spindle we test it over and over to make sure all specifications meet our impeccably high standards. Once we are satisfied that your spindle is as good as new, we pack it up and send it back to your floor.
The truth is that a new spindle is an expensive investment and can have significant delivery time. There is an excellent chance that your damaged spindle can be rebuilt to run as efficiently as it did on its first day on the job.
We've done so many Gamfior spindle rebuilds over the years, we can usually give you a quick and accurate approximation of how long the rebuild will take and how much it will cost to get your machine back into production. Give us a call for an estimate at 888-473-9675 or reach out to us using our quote form.
Your Gamfior spindle will come with a complete service report with valuable information; including what services we performed and what parts we replaced. Also included is a complete vibration analysis report. We keep this information in our database for future reference.


A producer of men's hats for more than 330 years, Lock & Co was the first to design the iconic bowler in 1850. Legend has it that a postcard written to "The best hatters in the world, London" was once delivered to the firm with no need for an address. We like the fedoras and flat caps this season.


Corn nutritionally, it contains folate, phosphorus, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, manganese, protein, potassium, fiber, thiamine, and panthotenic acid. It also has Vitamins A, C, E and K. That's an impressive list of nutrients.
Mix all ingredients (except flax) in a blender. Add mixture to dry flaxseeds and mix thoroughly. Spread thinly onto dehydrator sheets, transferring onto the dehydrator trays as mixture dries and score into shapes.
You can dehydrate these chips at 105 degrees for about 12 hours or cheat a bit by increasing the temperature to 110 degrees for a slightly less drying time. You want to dehydrate enough to get a crispy chip as opposed to a chewy one.
Did you know that a serving of juice is just 4-6 ounces? This amount of 100% fruit juice is generally equivalent to a piece of fresh fruit. While juices are high in vitamins and minerals, large portions contribute a lot of calories to your diet. Most people need 2-5 servings of fruit and/or 100% juice per day. Drink water, not juice, to quench your thirst. Eating whole pieces of fruit adds additional fiber to your diet.


text:
The Insider's Guide to Outsider Art
The exhibition features some compelling artwork, but it falls into the same traps and stereotypes that have plagued many museum exhibitions featuring outlier artists (if that's what we're supposed to call them now).
Brendan L. SmithMay 4, 2018
Horace Pippin, "Interior," (1944) oil on canvas, National Gallery of Art, Washington, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Meyer P. Potamkin, in honor of the 50th Anniversary of the National Gallery (all images courtesy the National Gallery)
WASHINGTON, DC — Does it really make any difference if outsider artists are called "outliers" instead?
It's a new term proposed in Outliers and American Vanguard Art, the National Gallery of Art's new exhibition of work by outsider artists and the mainstream artists who promoted them while also parroting outsider art styles. Featuring 250 works by more than 80 artists, the exhibition will travel to the High Museum of Art in Atlanta and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art later this year.
Organized by National Gallery senior curator Lynne Cooke, the exhibition features some compelling artwork, but it falls into the same traps and stereotypes that have plagued many museum exhibitions featuring outliers (if that's what we're supposed to call them now). You also could pick from a long list of alternative titles, including folk artists, visionary artists, primitive artists, naïve artists, or just plain, old self-taught artists. I'm sticking with outsider artists for this article.
This museum exhibition, like many others, bemoans the segregation of outsider artists into a lower class, but the National Gallery perpetuates this trend of confining outsider artists inside their own artistic ghetto even when there is little connecting this diverse group of artists hailing from a wide range of backgrounds and artistic traditions. The exhibition also sticks mostly to the "greatest hits" of outsider artists who have already been stamped with the art world's seal of approval.
Bill Traylor, "Men Drinking, Boys Tormenting, Dogs Barking" (c. 1939-1942)opaque watercolor on card with dark gray prepared surface, overall: 36.2 x 55.25 cm (14 1/4 x 21 3/4 in.) Collection of Jill and Sheldon Bonovitz, promised gift to the Philadelphia Museum of Art
The exhibition focuses on three periods when mainstream artists helped promote outsider artists or appropriated their styles. But the chosen time spans, which encompass most of the 20th century, seem arbitrarily drawn to include stretches from 1924–1943, 1968–1992, and 1998–2013. There's no explanation why outsider artists fell off the art world's radar from 1993 to 1997, or in other intervening years.
The mixing of work by outsider artists and mainstream artists in the exhibition creates a confusing layout for visitors who aren't familiar with the artists or their pedigrees. In another stereotypical trend, the outsider artists' life stories and travails are prominently featured in the wall text, often at the expense of their artwork. To score points in the art world as a "true" outsider artist, it helps if you suffer from mental illness, poverty, or self-imposed isolation.
The exhibition opens with five of Judith Scott's 1990s untitled abstract fiber sculptures wrapped in yarn, rope, and string. The wall text promptly alerts visitors she is an outlier because she was deaf, had Down Syndrome, and grew up in an institution where she remained for 35 years.
Judith Scott, "Untitled" (2004) fiber and mixed media, overall: 53.34 x 40.64 x 40.64 cm (21 x 16 x 16 in.)
(courtesy of The Museum of Everything, London)
The next gallery features mainstream artists who appropriated outsider art styles, including Marsden Hartley's 1918–19 painting "Santos, New Mexico" when he explored Hispanic and Pueblo Indian themes after a visit to New Mexico. Folk art-ish paintings by New York modernist painters Charles Sheeler and Yasuo Kuniyoshi also are on display, including Kuniyoshi's 1923 oil painting "Boy Stealing Fruit" featuring a pudgy boy planning his getaway with a purloined banana. Their work is contrasted with paintings by outsider artists, including John Kane's spare and haunting 1929 "Self-Portrait" showing a bare-chested man with a dead-eyed stare and a body marred by the ravages of time. Henri Rousseau's 1910 "Tropical Forest with Monkeys" from his engaging series of jungle paintings is featured with two less interesting paintings. Rousseau is portrayed as an outsider artist even though his work was exhibited regularly in the Salon des Indépendants in Paris during his lifetime, and Pablo Picasso held a banquet in his honor in 1908.
Marsden Hartley, "Adelard the Drowned, Master of the 'Phantom'" (c. 1938-1939) oil on board, unframed: 71.12 x 55.88 cm (28 x 22 in.) framed: 67.31 x 78.11 x 6.35 cm (26 1/2 x 30 3/4 x 2 1/2 in.)
The most fundamental problem with the exhibition is the unstated assumption that work by outsider artists is only good or worthy of notice if it's promoted or parroted by artists who are already ensconced in the art world. That stereotype triggers more questions. Are outsider artists still outsiders (or outliers) when they become darlings of the art world? Do they lose their street cred when they produce work geared toward the art market rather than being driven by holy visions or the vagaries of mental illness?
I may be overly sensitive to this taxonomic debate because I am an outsider artist. Maybe. It depends on who you ask. I am a self-taught artist who began making mixed-media work in Santa Fe, NM, after my TV broke and I sought a more creative outlet. I scavenged rusty bed springs and auto parts from dusty cracked-clay arroyos in northern New Mexico and cobbled them together into large sculptures. Does that make me an outsider artist or just a self-taught artist? I have suffered on and off from major depression, but my mental illness only reduced my artistic output. I never saw a vision of God's face on my fingertip that told me to paint sacred art like Howard Finster, who has several rough-hewn pieces in the National Gallery exhibition.
I also didn't grow up poor and uneducated on a remote farm — an outsider artist bio that the art world adores. And no one will discover a secret cache of prodigious artwork in my home after my death like Henry Darger's fantastical In the Realms of the Unreal drawings of the superhero Vivian Girls (whose work also is featured in the National Gallery exhibition). To most art world insiders, I'm just a self-taught artist or an "emerging artist," even though I've been emerging for more than 15 years now, from what I'm not sure. "Emerging artist" is another patronizing term that excludes or diminishes the work of artists who haven't been accepted by the insular art world's elite group of wealthy collectors, gallery owners, museum curators, and critics.
John Kane, "Self-Portrait" (1929) oil on canvas over composition board, overall: 91.7 x 68.9 cm (36 1/8 x 27 1/8 in.) the Museum of Modern Art, New York, Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Fund, 1939 (digital image (C) the Museum of Modern Art/ licensed by SCALA/ Art Resource, NY)
The American Visionary Art Museum in Baltimore does a better job than most museums at displaying work by outsider artists. AVAM obviously focuses on outsider or visionary artists, but they aren't obsessed with their life stories. Group exhibitions focus on novel or light-hearted themes, including mystery, parenting, or food as in YUMMM! The History, Fantasy, and Future of Food. (I defy you to find an exhibition in a "serious" art museum titled YUMMM!)
AVAM isn't a stickler about the definition of outsider artists or whatever we're calling them now. My artwork was featured in 2014 in a solo exhibition titled Ghosts in the Machine in the museum's independently operated former restaurant, Mr. Rain's Fun House. In the YUMMM! exhibition last year, artist Wendy Brackman displayed a captivating 10-feet-tall spinning mandala featuring a cornucopia of food crafted from colorful paper plates. She taught herself how to make elaborate paper-plate sculptures and now runs a successful handcrafted party-hat business as Wacky Wendy. Is she an outsider artist, a self-taught artist, or a savvy businesswoman? It depends on who you ask.
Outliers and American Vanguard Art, continues at the National Gallery of Art (East building, concourse galleries, between 3rd and 9th Streets, along Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC) through May 13.
American Visionary Art MuseumOutsider ArtSelf-taught artists


Description: Play cube it game online.Create awesome levels and share it with your friends. Please don't delete the levels create by other users.
Instruction: The aim of the game is to move the green cube around the level by clicking on any cube next to it.Certain cubes do diferent things.The red cubes are the fallen down cubes, white are the normal,arrow show you only one direction to go andTNT is the blow cubes.


text:
package io.actor4j.core.features.pod;

import java.util.UUID;

import io.actor4j.core.messages.ActorMessage;
import io.actor4j.core.pods.ActorPod;
import io.actor4j.core.pods.actors.DefaultShardPodActor;
import io.actor4j.core.pods.actors.HandlerPodActor;
import io.actor4j.core.pods.actors.PodActor;
import io.actor4j.core.pods.actors.ShardProxyPodActor;

public class ExampleShardingWithActorPod extends ActorPod {
	@Override
	public PodActor create() {
		return new DefaultShardPodActor(
			(groupId, context) -> new ShardProxyPodActor(domain(), groupId, context) {
				@Override
				public String shardId(ActorMessage<?> message, int totalShardCount) {
					int hashCode = String.valueOf(message.value()).hashCode();
					return String.valueOf(hashCode%totalShardCount);
				}
			},
			(groupId, context) -> new HandlerPodActor(domain(), groupId, context) {
				@Override
				public void handle(ActorMessage<?> message, UUID interaction) {
					sendViaAlias(ActorMessage.create(message.value(), message.tag(), self(), null, interaction, "", ""), "hello"+groupId);
				}

				@Override
				public void callback(ActorMessage<?> message, ActorMessage<?> originalMessage, UUID dest, UUID interaction) {
					tell(message.value(), message.tag(), dest, interaction);
				}
			}) {
			@Override
			public void register() {
				addChild(() -> new HelloActor(groupId, getContext()));
			}

			@Override
			public void receive(ActorMessage<?> message) {
				unhandled(message);
			}
		};
	}

	@Override
	public String domain() {
		return "ExampleShardingWithActorPod";
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Panama Papers
The Pegasus Project
The Pandora Papers
Main Navigation, Left Side
U.S. Sanctions More Russians In Order to Disrupt the Invasion of Ukraine
The United States dished out another wave of sanctions against Russians deemed to be facilitators of the regime in Moscow, in an effort to disrupt Russia's ongoing military campaign against Ukraine, the U.S. Department of the Treasury reported on Friday.
EU Sanctions 26 Russians over Ukraine Invasion, Including Putin's Friend
The EU added a cellist and one of Vladimir Putin's best friends to its list of officials and military figures who have been banned from traveling to the Union and whose assets there have been frozen.
US Sanctions Russia for Cyberattacks and Election Interference
The U.S. Government imposed new sanctions on Russia for its interference in the 2020 U.S. election, cyberattacks and for its occupation and human rights violations in Crimea.
Poisoned Kremlin Critic on Road to Recovery
Russia's foremost opposition figure has posted a jocular message online boasting of his gathering recovery after he was poisoned with a state-developed nerve agent last month.


text:
The Viking is een stomme en Technicolor-film uit 1928 onder regie van Roy William Neill.

Cast

|-
|||Helga
|-
|||Leif Ericsson
|-
|||Alwin
|-
|||Eric the Red
|}

Externe link
 Technicolor

Viking, The
Viking, The
Viking, The

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hosting solutions providers able to manage various cloud infrastructures from Hyper-V.
Among the many announcements coming out of the Microsoft Tech Ed conference in Atlanta this week, here's yet another: The company has added support for CentOS to Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V. According to a blog from the general marketing manager for Microsoft's Open Solutions Group, Sandy Gupta, the CentOS support was the "number one requirement for interoperability" among customer-generated feedback. The extended support gives some leverage to hosting solutions providers who want to centrally manage the various cloud infrastructures deployed by customers from Hyper-V.
CentOS is a Linux server distribution based on the Red Hat distro. Because it's free, it's a popular option for hosting solution providers. A trending report from W3techs.com shows it to be the top Linux distro over the past year, although Debian has been running neck and neck with it by less than a point in more recent months. At DistroWatch.com, CentOS has placed as high as 10 among Linux distros in the last 12 months.
Gupta said that he'll be demonstrating Hyper-V's support for CentOS, showing how cloud infrastructures can be managed through Hyper-V via Systems Center Operations Manager and Systems Center Orchestrator. That demo won't be at Tech-Ed, however; he's at the Open Source Business Conference in San Francisco, which is also taking place this week.


text:
Q: Why is my Django filter query using dates not returning expected results? I'm using Django 2.2.6.
I have a model like this:
class NetflowRecord(models.Model):
    #############
    # Help Text #
    #############

    min_mac_length_error_message = "Must be at least 12 characters long"
    data_help_text = "Bytes"
    direction_help_text = "True if record reflects downloaded bytes.<br>False if data reflects uploaded bytes."

    ##########
    # Fields #
    ##########

    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=False, null=False, editable=False)
    mac = models.CharField(max_length=17, unique=False, blank=False, null=False, validators=[MinLengthValidator(12, min_mac_length_error_message), validate_mac], editable=False)
    data = models.BigIntegerField(default=0, blank=False, null=False, help_text=data_help_text, validators=[MinValueValidator(0)], editable=False)
    direction = models.BooleanField(blank=False, null=False, help_text=direction_help_text, editable=False)
    site = models.ForeignKey(Site, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False, related_name="netflow_records")

    ##########
    # Extras #
    ##########

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "Netflow Record"
        verbose_name_plural = "Netflow Records"
        ordering = ['mac', 'timestamp']

    def __str__(self):
        formatted_date = self.timestamp.astimezone().strftime("%b %d, %Y - %I:%M:%S %p")

        if self.direction:
            return f"Download record for {self.mac} on {formatted_date}"
        else:
            return f"Upload record for {self.mac} on {formatted_date}"

Seems pretty basic.
I have a bunch of records in the database in the table this model created.
Using the interactive shell, if I do this:
>>> from django.utils import timezone
>>> from my_app.models import NetflowRecord
>>>
>>> for record in NetflowRecord.objects.filter()[:3]:
...     print(record.timestamp)
...
2020-02-06 19:20:41.758768+00:00
2020-02-06 20:20:46.491537+00:00
2020-02-06 19:07:57.482944+00:00
>>> for record in NetflowRecord.objects.filter(timestamp__year=2020)[:3]:
...     print(record.timestamp)
...
2020-02-06 19:20:41.758768+00:00
2020-02-06 20:20:46.491537+00:00
2020-02-06 19:07:57.482944+00:00
>>> for record in NetflowRecord.objects.filter(timestamp__month=2)[:3]:
...     print(record.timestamp)
...
# Returned None
>>> for record in NetflowRecord.objects.filter(timestamp__day=6)[:3]:
...     print(record.timestamp)
...
# Returned None
>>> today = timezone.now().date()
>>> for record in NetflowRecord.objects.filter(timestamp__date=today)[:3]:
...     print(record.timestamp)
...
# Returned None

Why is my filter not working when I used __day, __month, or __date?
The Django documentation says they should all work, and if I start a brand new project using the same Django version, I can't replicate the problem - they all work.
Did I screw something up somewhere?
Edit: I was able to replicate it using this minimal code: https://github.com/terminator14/django_filter_problem.git
Just clone it, install dependencies with pip install -r requirements.txt, edit db.cnf to point to your MySQL database, and run ./manage.py migrate; ./manage.py shell, and do something like:
>>> from django.utils import timezone
>>> from test_app.models import NetflowRecord
>>>
>>> for i in range(3):
...     NetflowRecord.objects.create(timestamp=timezone.now())
...
>>> NetflowRecord.objects.filter(timestamp__day=timezone.now().day)

Edit 2: Installing the latest Django 2 available on PIP (2.2.10) didn't fix the problem. Installing the latest Django 3 available on PIP (3.0.3) DID fix the problem. Is this a bug? Or did Django change the way something works?

A: For any query Django runs, you can see exactly what MySQL commands it will run by adding .query.
This let me do this:
str(NetflowRecord.objects.filter(timestamp__day=6).query)

which showed me a long MySQL command. The important part was this:
... WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM CONVERT_TZ(`test_app_netflowrecord`.`timestamp`, 'UTC', 'America/Edmonton')) = 6;

Doing some MySQL queries manually, it turned out if I run:
SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','GMT','MET');

as shown here, it's supposed to give me a date, but it was giving me null. As explained here, this is because MySQL didn't have definitions for timezones loaded.
After running the command from that link (mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root -p mysql), now the sample code above with GMT to MET works, and my queries work too.


text:
← Detroit, A city not to be understood
Interview: Elise Shea, Indiana Ballet Conservatory student, Paris Opera Ballet summer intensive attendee →
Sacrifices to be made
Posted on August 2, 2013	by Marcus Ampe
Alexey Torgunakov – The ballet dancer of the Bolshoi theatre of Russia (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Balet may be a dream of many girls and of some boys. Parents sometimes forget the hard work the children will have to face and the social impact of the dancers life.
But those born a dancer will never regret the choice they have made. It is an incredible world, which they will not miss for gold. No matter what they want to become sacrifices shall have to be made and from all those who want to become a prima ballerina it will be only a very few who will reach the top. But many would also be happy to become a corps de ballet dancer and enjoy the many opportunities to dance and to bring spectators in an other world.
Statue of Anna Pavlova on the dome of the Victoria Palace Theatre in London who made her London debut there. The original statue was made in 1911, a year after the theatre had been rebuilt by Frank Matcham for the impressario Alfred Butt. Unfortunately the great prima ballerina was extremely superstitious and refused to look at it. The original statue was removed in 1939 for safe keeping during the Blitz, but unfortunately disappeared. it was replaced by a replica in 2006. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
The Maryinksy stage is so great that your heart can do nothing else than pounding when you go on it for the first time. That experience gets the fire even burning higher and the child gets motivated more to endure all the hardships to go along the path of magic.
Exercises, rehearsals, exams, tests and evaluations are a never ending process which may be, at moments, stressful. Each person wanting to dance has to be a very strong person with lots of character and stamina. If the dancer is turned down her of his self esteem may suffer. You have to be very strong mentally and physically to face up to the challenge.
Sometimes the corps the ballet dancer may be more lucky or feeling more happy than the solo dancer who is not always sure to get her next solo or having enough to dance. The most annoying part the last few years is that there has come a bad attitude into the sphere of the theatre, with people not respecting the others and envying them.
I remember the love for each other and the big family feeling, which I do miss a lot now I am not any more working in the theatre world. The last few years the jealousy grow and we got even to hear about certain things which we could never allow to happen in our company or at a contest. Certain people today dare to go out of their boundaries and even bring others into pain to reach their goal, at the cost of others. Today sometimes it takes some time before others can accept that an other one has become a solo dancer, instead of being happy for her and supporting her in her new position.
It is the hard work, making those children an adult before their age, having all those 'battles' and 'drama' making them the artist we need to have to bring characters to live on stage. You may not like it that they do have to give up their childhood, but the job is such a demanding job the theatre is only able to present the great magic because of such hard training and a life which should be given totally to the theatre, because otherwise it will not be working. In theatre it is for sure you can not serve two masters. No sacrifice may ever be too great. but no training may be too painful.
Dancer heart (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
In the many amateur, semi professional and professional schools some of the parents are scarily invested, and some teachers dangerously pushy. Most often the pushy parents are more dangerous for the child than those demanding teachers.
When the child is born with the dance microbe is shall be willing enough to work hard and when others will see them actually dancing it shall be shiningly evident that they're hard-wired to do what they do. These children make most sense of themselves by dancing.
Bess Kargman's First Position of 2011 also portrays the hardship of those willing dancers.
She brings a a portrait of child ballet students viewed through the drama of an annual competition, the Youth American Grand Prix. The hard-sell editing of its trailer sets us up to expect a reality TV-fest of pain, sacrifice, and sheer human weirdness. But the documentary itself is far from being a freak show, because Kargman's camera focuses with such exceptional steadiness and acuity on the child competitors themselves.
According to Judith Mackrell it's a film everyone should watch who's involved in the debate over gifted children – in music, sports, academic subjects as well as ballet.
"With each of the stories, we're shown that there's no easy answer to the questions of where encouragement ends and abuse begins, of how far talent should take priority over a normal childhood."
For those wanting to become a dancer, I would say "Follow your dream", but know also that you have to be willing to "serve" and to be a servant for the art of performance, which always should come into the first place. The art itself should always be the prime goal. In case you put yourself on the first row to be the prime goal, you are starting off on the wrong foot. Never believe everything shall go smoothly and be prepared to walk on roses to reach the clouds.
Good luck and Go for it!
Very few succeed, but all those who managed to go through the battle shall have conquered so much they shall have a great life, when they always honestly went on the right track never to regret the choice they made to become a dancer.
Make the dream becoming your life!
Carol McFadden is a Brazilian ballet dancer (cmcmcmcmm.wordpress.com)
Carol McFadden is a Brazilian ballet dancer who performs as a principal dancer with the Pacific Northwest Ballet.McFadden was born in Porto Alegre, Brazil, and grew up in São Leopoldo, taking classes at Ballet Vera Bublitz in Porto Alegre.There she performed Balachine's Apollo with Peter Boal, who encouraged her to train in New York City. In 1996, at the age of 15, she moved to the United States to enter into the School of American Ballet.
Santa Monica Teen To Dance In American Ballet Theatre's "Le Corsaire" (smmirror.com)
Unlike most aspiring professional dancers, Fitzpatrick began her formal ballet training at age 12 after seeing Yuri Griogoriev School of Ballet's summer intensive course."After seeing the Yuri Griogoriev summer intensive I knew I wanted to dance with them," Fitzpatrick said. "The dancers were so passionate and the teachers seemed so committed."
Having dabbled in recreational dance when she was younger, Fitzpatrick did not find herself passionate about what she was doing.
Ballet pointe dance pose idea: closeup headshot (janelogancato.typepad.com)
Ballet pointe student dancer in white velvet tulle platter tutu with glitter and sparkly sequins, crown and feather headpiece, armpieces, and crystal circular earrings.
Summer fun as dancers get in step (oxfordmail.co.uk)
During the summer holidays, the theatre is organising a series of workshops from dance and drama to musical theatre for children.
Team Beckanne: A Response to Breaking Pointe's First Episode (dressingroomwriters.wordpress.com)
If Sisk's name sounds familiar, it is because her impressive talent made her a household name in the dance world long before Breaking Pointe. After being awarded a full scholarship to the Rock School of Dance Education (where she trained until 2010), Sisk competed in the Youth America Grand Prix and was a reigning New York City finalist for roughly four years. Additionally, she attended summer intensives all over the country, including American Ballet Theatre, Miami City Ballet, and Pacific Northwest Ballet, and received the Jerome Robbins Scholarship Award in 2007. Now a Soloist with Ballet West, this is Sisk's second season appearing on Breaking Pointe.
My Very Exciting Life Right Now (underwaterraven.wordpress.com)
I inevitably spend hours watching videos in a vicious pattern which usually goes: whatever I came on YouTube to watch in the first place –> Supernatural outtakes –> 'How Animals Eat Their Food' (I swear to God it never gets old) –> 'Dramatic Chipmunk' (again, it's a classic), and then I eventually get onto the really random videos, like the 'I Take a Look at my Enormous Penis' song, which actually gets funnier every time I listen to it.
I continued to contemplate ballet and I concluded that I'm going to marry a ballet dancer, because then he can dance around the house for me all the time and prepare food while doing brisés and en dedans.
Male Ballet Dancers [audiomo] (sassycat3000.net)
"Breaking Pointe" Season Two – a Look Ahead With Allison De Bona of Ballet West (adriaballetbeat.com)
We loved the first season's inside peek at Salt Lake City's Ballet West – the exhausting rehearsals, the behind-the-scenes drama, the striking stage productions. Dance fans loved seeing ballet dancers in a different light than what they see in performance, and wanted more.
It seems people still cannot get past the preconceived notions of eating disorders and homosexual male dancers. We really tried to be advocates for healthy, smart, and strong athletes through our actions. We also tried to get people to understand that it doesn't matter if you're gay, straight or in between. It's about being an artist and doing what you love. Overall, I feel we got people interested to see live performances of ballet and helped the art form gain more respect. I am proud of that.
(L-R): Allison DeBona and Christiana Bennet — Photo: Erik Ostling/The CW –© 2013 The CW Network, LLC.
Young ballet dancers: are we trying to catch a swan before it hatches?
Watch teeny tiny Alexei Orohovsky attempting his own joyously unselfconscious version of the same solo and the cute factor is stratospheric.But there are already several postings of Alexei up on YouTube, starting from when he was two-and-a-half years old. And while I wouldn't question the love and pride of those who are posting (presumably his parents), nor the innate promise of Alexei's dancing, I'm nervous of a culture that puts so much public exposure and expectation on one small talent.
About Marcus Ampe
Retired dancer, choreographer, choreologist Founder of the Dance impresario office and archive: Danscontact-Dansarchief plus the Association for Bible scholars, the Lifestyle magazines "Stepping Toes" and "From Guestwriters" and creator of the site "Messiah for all". - Gepensioneerd danser, choreograaf, choreoloog. Stichter van Danscontact-Dansarchief plus van de Vereniging voor Bijbelvorsers, de Lifestyle magazines "Stepping Toes" en "From Guestwriters" en maker van de site "Messiah for all".
View all posts by Marcus Ampe →
This entry was posted in Ballet + Dance/Dans and tagged Amateur, Ballerina, Ballet, Ballet dancer, Corps de ballet, Dance, Dance Teacher, Dancing, Dancing Career, Jealousy, Maryinksy theatre, Opportunities, Performing arts, Sacrifice, Self esteem, Social impact, Soloist. Bookmark the permalink.
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Visit Draft Republic in La Jolla Wednesday, June 20th from 5-8pm as California breweries, Firestone Walker and Ballast Point go head to head with Colorado breweries, New Belgium and Epic Brewing in our Battle of the States Brew Battle. Purchase a flight of the four featured beers for $15 and vote for your favorite. Enjoy meet and greets with brewers, swag, raffles and more! For more information, please call 858-450-1400.


text:
admin AIF In the News 0
New York. September 20, 2019
The American India Foundation (AIF) announced today that it has received the highest ratings from leading independent rating agencies in the USA, GuideStar and Charity Navigator.
"We are honored to be named a top-rated non-profit in 2019," says Nishant Pandey, AIF's CEO. "This rating is particularly meaningful to our supporters, who inspired us to be even more committed to advancing AIF's mission. It highlights our impactful work and effective leverage of funding, while providing assurance to donors regarding their investments."
GuideStar's 2019 Platinum Seal of Transparency, the highest level of recognition from GuideStar, and Charity Navigator's 4-Star rating, also the highest level from America's largest independent charity evaluator, are a strong endorsement of AIF's commitment to transparency and accountability as well as its robust organizational health.
AIF earned GuideStar's platinum level rating by sharing in-depth organizational and financial information and metrics, including strategies, capabilities, results and progress towards its mission to catalyze social and economic change in India in a socially responsible manner. GuideStar connects people and organizations with data on 2.7 million current and formerly IRS-recognized nonprofits.
For the second year in a row, AIF also received a 4-star rating from Charity Navigator, which rates organizations on a zero to four scale, with only the most fiscally responsible organizations being awarded 4 stars.
According to Michael Thatcher, President and CEO of Charity Navigator, AIF's 4-star rating indicates that the organization adheres to sector best practices and executes its mission in a financially efficient way. Attaining this rating verifies that AIF exceeds industry standards and outperforms most charities in its area of work.
These prestigious distinctions place the American India Foundation among a distinguished group of nonprofits striving to address crucial social challenges globally.
About the American India Foundation
The American India Foundation is committed to catalyzing social and economic change in India and building a lasting bridge between the United States and India through high-impact interventions in education, livelihoods, public health, and leadership development, with a particular emphasis on empowering girls and women to achieve gender equity. Working closely with local communities, AIF partners with NGOs and government to develop and test innovative solutions and with governments to create and scale sustainable impact. Founded in 2001 at the initiative of President Bill Clinton following a request from Prime Minister Vajpayee, AIF has impacted the lives of 5.6 million of India's poor in 24 states.
Tags: AIF, Charity Navigator, GuideStar, Ratings


text:
EICN HK | CBDCs in 2023 and will the e-CNY help China dodge the dollar?
Feb 10, 2023 (12:00 PM - 2:00 PM) (GMT+8)
Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong SAR (China)
Among the major economies in the world, China is taking the leading role in implementing central bank digital currencies (CBDC). The sanctions inflicted on Russia by America and it...
EICN MENA: Charity Hike at Wadi Ghub
Feb 11, 2023 (7:30 AM - 10:30 AM) (GMT+4)
الفجيرة, United Arab Emirates
Following the great success of previous years' EICN charity hikes, we are again heading out into the back and beyond of the UAE with our good friends from Gulf For Good.Members are...
EICN Shanghai | CxO Lunch: Under Pressure
While increasing pressure on healthcare brought about by China's exit from zero-Covid was foreseeable, the rapidly surging caseload nationwide has put an overwhelming strain on the...
EICN CEO Roundtable: The Taxman Cometh
The UAE is introducing a corporate tax regime – with a standard rate of 9% – with effect from 1 June 2023. Federal Decree-Law No 47 of 2022 on the Taxation of Corporations and Busi...
EICN Shanghai | Regional Strategic Forecast 2023
Mar 8, 2023 (8:00 AM - 11:00 AM) (GMT+8)
Just as the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021 brought historic volatility, from the steepest global downturn on record to the strongest rebounds, 2022 has also been remarkably turbul...


text:
Works by Geoffrey Lee
( view other items matching `Geoffrey Lee`, view all matches )
Geoffrey Lee
Temporal Experience and the Temporal Structure of Experience.Geoffrey Lee - 2014 - Philosophers' Imprint 14.details
I assess a number of connected ideas about temporal experience that are introspectively plausible, but which I believe can be argued to be incorrect. These include the idea that temporal experiences are extended experiential processes, that they have an internal structure that in some way mirrors the structure of the apparent events they present, and the idea that time in experience is in some way represented by time itself. I explain how these ideas can be developed into more sharply defined (...) views, and then argue that these views are inconsistent with certain empirical facts about how time is represented in the brain. These facts instead support a kind of atomic view, on which temporal experiences are temporally unstructured atoms. (shrink)
Experience of Temporal Passage in Philosophy of Mind
Temporal Experience, Misc in Philosophy of Mind
The Specious Present in Philosophy of Mind
Experiences and their Parts.Geoffrey Lee - 2014 - In Bennett Hill (ed.), Sensory Integration and the Unity of Consciousness. MIT Press.details
I give an account of the difference between "Holistic" and "Atomistic" views of conscious experience. On the Holistic view, we enjoy a unified "field" of awareness, whose parts are mere modifications of the whole, and therefore owe their existence to the whole. There is some tendency to saddle those who reject the Holistic field model with a (perhaps) implausible "building block" view. I distinguish a number of different theses about the parts of an experience that are suggested by the "building (...) block" metaphor, but which can be rejected by those who also reject the holistic field view. (shrink)
Explaining Consciousness, Misc in Philosophy of Mind
Metaphysics of Mind, Misc in Philosophy of Mind
The Unity of Consciousness in Philosophy of Mind
$62.18 used (collection) View on Amazon.com
Alien subjectivity and the importance of consciousness.Geoffrey Lee - 2019 - In Adam Pautz & Daniel Stoljar (eds.), Blockheads! Essays on Ned Block's Philosophy of Mind and Consciousness. MIT Press.details
Consciousness and Materialism, Misc in Philosophy of Mind
Mind-Body Problem, General in Philosophy of Mind
The Value of Consciousness in Philosophy of Mind
$55.99 new (collection) View on Amazon.com
Representing Probability in Perception and Experience.Geoffrey Lee & Nico Orlandi - 2022 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 13 (4):907-945.details
It is increasingly common in cognitive science and philosophy of perception to regard perceptual processing as a probabilistic engine, taking into account uncertainty in computing representations of the distal environment. Models of this kind often postulate probabilistic representations, or what we will call probabilistic states,. These are states that in some sense mark or represent information about the probabilities of distal conditions. It has also been argued that perceptual experience itself in some sense represents uncertainty (Morrison _Analytic Philosophy_ 57 (1): (...) 15 48, 2016 ). In this article, we will first consider three models of sensory activity from perceptual neuroscience, namely signal detection theory (SDT), probabilistic population codes (PPC), and sampling. We will then reflect on the sense in which the probabilistic states introduced in these models are probabilistic representations. To sharpen this discussion, we will compare and contrast these probabilistic states to credences as they are understood in epistemology. We will suggest that probabilistic representation, in an appropriately robust sense, can be understood as a form of analog representation. In the last part of the paper, we apply this to the issue of whether conscious experience represents uncertainty—we will interpret this as the claim that there are phenomenal features of experience that serve as analog probabilistic representations. (shrink)
Materialism and the Epistemic Significance of Consciousness.Geoffrey Lee - 2013 - In Uriah Kriegel (ed.), Current Controversies in Philosophy of Mind. Routledge. pp. 222.details
Philosophy of Consciousness in Philosophy of Mind
The experience of left and right.Geoffrey Lee - 2006 - In Tamar Szabo Gendler & John Hawthorne (eds.), Perceptual Experience. Oxford University Press.details
Reflections in Metaphysics
Spatial Experience in Philosophy of Mind
The Inverted Spectrum in Philosophy of Mind
Explaining away temporal flow – thoughts on Prosser's 'Experiencing Time'.Geoffrey Lee - 2018 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 61 (3):315-327.details
I offer some responses to Prosser's 'Experiencing Time', one of whose goals is to debunk a view of temporal experience somewhat prevalent in the metaphysics literature, which I call 'Perceptualism'. According to Perceptualism: it is part of the content of perceptual experience that time passes in a metaphysically strong sense: the present has a metaphysically privileged status, and time passes in virtue of changes in which events this 'objective present' highlights, and moreover this gives us evidence in favor of strong (...) passage. Prosser argues that perception cannot be sensitive to whether the strong passage obtains, and therefore cannot represent strong passage in a way that gives us evidence of its truth. Although I accept this conclusion, I argue that Prosser's argument for it is problematic. It threatens to over-generalize to rule out uncontroversial cases of perceptual knowledge, such as our knowledge that we live in a spatial world. Furthermore, a successful argument ruling out perceptual evidence for strong passage would have to give constraints on the theory/observation distinction of a kind not provided by Prosser's discussion. I also comment on several other parts of the book. (shrink)
Philosophy of Perception, General in Philosophy of Mind
Making Sense of Subjective Time.Geoffrey Lee - 2017 - In Ian Phillips (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Temporal Experience. Routledge. pp. 157–168.details
Overview of some of the key philosophical problems encountered making sense of the notion of "subjective time", with a focus on the experience of duration. The paper unpacks some of the assumptions behind an intuitive picture of duration experience I call the "simple flow" view, highlighting the availability of alternative models. It then considers a number of obstacles to providing an account of the individuation of subjective features of duration experience.
Philosophy of Mind, Misc in Philosophy of Mind
Selfless experience.Geoffrey Lee - 2017 - Philosophical Perspectives 31 (1):207-243.details
Consciousness in a space-time world.Geoffrey Lee - 2007 - Philosophical Perspectives 21 (1):341–374.details
Does Experience Have Phenomenal Properties?Geoffrey Lee - 2016 - Philosophical Topics 44 (2):201-230.details
What assumptions are built into the claim that experience has "phenomenal properties," and could these assumptions turn out to be false? I consider the issue specifically for the similarity relations between experiences: for example, experiences of different shades of red are more similar to each other than an experience of red and an experience of green. It is commonly thought that we have a special kind of epistemic access to experience that is more secure than our access to the external (...) environment. In the first part of the paper, I argue than one way of elucidating this claim is especially plausible—that systematic error, of the kind subjects make about the external environment in traditional "skeptical" scenarios, is not conceivable for introspection of experience, including for our knowledge of similarity relations. I argue that focusing on similarity relations gives us a more interesting version of the argument than for other forms of experiential introspection. Then in the second part of the paper I describe an example, inspired by a similar case due to Sydney Shoemaker, in which a subject, despite being fully rational and attentive, apparently is systematically mistaken about the character of their experience in a surprising way. I argue that the example calls into question whether there are properties of experience satisfying the epistemic access constraint, and therefore whether experience has "phenomenal properties" in the intuitive sense. (shrink)
Worlds, Voyages and Experiences: Commentary on Pelczar's Sensorama. [REVIEW]Geoffrey Lee - 2016 - Analysis 76 (4):453-461.details
Phenomenalism in Metaphysics
Time and Memory in Philosophy of Mind
Subjective Duration.Geoffrey Lee - manuscriptdetails
Unity and essence in Chalmers' theory of consciousness.Geoffrey Lee - 2014 - Philosophical Studies 167 (3):763-773.details
Aspects of Consciousness in Philosophy of Mind
Commentary on Dan Lloyd:"Neural correlates of Temporality".Geoffrey Lee - 2012 - Consciousness and Cognition 21 (2):707-710.details
Consciousness and Biology in Philosophy of Cognitive Science
The Conscious Brain: How Attention Engenders Experience. [REVIEW]Geoffrey Lee - 2015 - Philosophical Review 124 (1):163-167.details
The Importance of Being Conscious.Geoffrey Lee & Adam Pautz (eds.) - forthcoming - Oxford University Press.details


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Thetell Blog
Short the shekel because Bank of Israel is poised to cut: EM strategist
Published: May 23, 2014 2:31 p.m. ET
Concerns about possible actions by the Bank of Israel to cap the strength of the shekel have prompted Acadian Asset Management to short the currency.
The U.S. dollar is up about 0.8% against the shekel year-to-date. But after a 2012-2013 surge, the shekel is still trading at high levels.
One greenback bought about 3.4859 shekel on Friday, down 14.4% against the Israeli shekel since July 26, 2012. The ICE dollar index , a gauge of the greenback's strength against six other currencies, is down 2.9% in the same period.
"Israel has low interest rates [and] low inflation but the currency has continued to strengthen because of strong balance of payments, newfound energy wealth and an economic backbone that is in the tech sector, which is booming," said Bryan Carter, lead portfolio manager for Acadian Asset Management's emerging-market strategy, in an interview with MarketWatch. Acadian is a Boston-based firm that managed about $55 billion as of June 2013, the last figure available on its website.
"To not lose competitiveness, we know they're already having conversations about weakening their currency," he said. The Manufacturers Association of Israel told Bloomberg earlier this month the strong exchange rate is "destroying the economy."
The Bank of Israel looks at inflation and the shekel's exchange rate, among other factors, as it sets interest rates. The central bank left its key interest rate at 0.75% at its most recent meeting, noting that "the effective exchange rate has remained stable for the year to date."
The central bank could cut interest rates to zero or even push them into negative territory, which would weaken the currency, according to Carter. "We think it could happen at any time," he said.
--Saumya Vaishampayan
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