Pools of water, raw pigment and ink are poured onto the flat Mylar surface. As these pools intermingle, a struggle ensues between myself, the medium and gravity. More than once, I have discovered most of the liquid has seeped onto the floor. Over the course of several days, the puddles and colors are manipulated, always allowing for the element of surprise. Once the pigments dry, I draw hundreds of tiny circles and shapes onto the Mylar, as if it is infested with tiny ink globules. Bold color, intricate drawing, and a central square form are made to play off one another. The translucent quality of the pigments and the Mylar result in a Painting in Space.
As I was building the room-sized sculptural installations, Paintings in Space - Rooms, I was also working in two dimensions on paper. Using the same raw pigments, inks and paints that I use in the installations, I began to make paintings on Mylar. Mylar is a translucent "paper" that allows me to continue exploring the dimensional qualities of a painting.
Available at Buy Some Damn Art.
The Ocean as a painting medium.
Each piece is made using water from the sea and other natural sources. I like the idea of using nature's materials as part of the painting. I am always amazed at the colors and shapes that reveal themselves in the drying process. Though I manipulate the painting while it is drying, it always seems to have a mind of its own. More than once, I have discovered most of the liquid has seeped onto the floor creating a pattern of flow on the paper. I respect the unruliness of these pools of pigment and love the challenge of collaborating with the flow of water.
For these Paintings on Mylar, I combine flowing pools of pigment and paint with methodical drawing. I love merging together the contrasting elements of chance and intent. Once the paint dries, I begin to draw on the work. Aiming for the tiniest shapes possible, I work obsessively building an overall form from hundreds (thousands?) of teeny tiny circles and squiggles.
I am always trying to capture the feeling one gets when surrounded by nature in an environment completely untouched by humans. The light captured in this place. The layers of shadows and shapes piled on top of each other. The total and complete immersion that occurs there. There is something so magical and trans-formative about these spaces in nature. Something I want to capture again and again.
An inner central square is where most of the painting occurs in these works. I love juxtaposing a square shape within a rectangular piece of paper. It allows me to bring into the work that human inclination for order and symmetry. I obsess over city urban trees and how their roots explode out of the allotted squares they were originally confined to. Each one makes it's own unique shape, sometimes carrying a brick or piece of metal along with it as it grows.
Or when you fly over vast Midwestern farmlands, neatly organized into grid formats. I always look for the cracks and crevices between property lines where nature has embedded itself, rumpling the edges.
Click through the images to see the details of this work and its influences.
Click on the images to see the work and where to purchase.
Unframed and floating away from the wall.
Using small magnets and nails to hang away from the wall.
Magnets and nails are used to suspend work away from the wall.


Missouri Teen Workers Need the Right Training to Prevent Burns!
Teen Workers Deserve to Be Safe on the Job!
Like most things teenagers do, the dangers teens face on the job is often quite far from their minds. Unlike older or more mature workers, teen workers lack the years of experience in working conditions to understand and spot certain dangers. For teenagers who begin their working lives in the fast food or food service industry, the dangers of burn injuries are quite real.
As a parent it is in the job description to prepare your child as much as you can for the outside world. But when that child grows up enough to join the workforce, there is only so much you can do! Beyond teaching your son or daughter everything you can on the subject of burn safety, there comes a point when training a teenage worker for safety on the job is out of your hands.
Your child's employer holds the responsibility for providing a safe working environment, including safety training for all workers. If your child has been injured on the job, you need to understand his or her legal rights. Contact a Missouri worker's compensation lawyer for help. Regardless of how much they have grown up, you are still your teenage worker's best advocate.


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Disability and Attitude: How Both Affect One Man's Worldview
"My goal is progress, not perfection."
Empowered and Disabled: Why I Don't Like 'Special Needs'
Erin discusses her take on the term "special needs" and her journey with identification.
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Instead of helping, let's focus on support. There is a difference.
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Hearing Actor Riz Ahmed Nominated for Best Actor for Sound of Metal, A Film Portrayal of Deaf Culture
by Beth
I am pleased to introduce Crom Saunders as our guest blogger today. A theatre interpreter and American Sign Language (ASL) master, Crom has a M.A. in Creative Writing and began teaching ASL and Deaf Culture at several universities before getting tenure at Columbia College Chicago, where he is currently Director of Deaf Studies.
by Crom Saunders
Late last year I began seeing online articles and posts on social media expressing positive buzz about the portrayal of Deaf culture in Amazon Studio's new movie Sound of Metal. I teach a college course called Deaf Representations in Media, so I was simultaneously hopeful…and ready for disappointment.
I was hopeful for a film that would present a refreshing take on deafness and Deaf culture (rather than the same tired old tropes that have been utilized ad nauseum since the 1920's). But I was also prepared for disappointment because I have often seen such promotional ballyhoo about other films in the past, only to find them lacking and one-dimensional.
Sound of Metal is a story about a heavy metal drummer who loses his hearing rapidly, goes into a funk, meets several Deaf characters and realizes that Deaf people lead fulfilling lives.
Recognizing that the Deaf culture amongst the Deaf community goes hand-in-hand with American Sign Language (ASL), Director Darius Marder brought Jeremy Lee Stone, a Deaf (ASL) sign coach on board as a cultural consultant. Actor Riz Ahmed portrays the drummer in the film and spent five days a week for seven months with Stone to prepare for his role.
This is a welcome break from tradition regarding hearing actors portraying deaf characters in films. A hearing actor portraying a Deaf character might learn a few lines in ASL, but nothing about the culture or the community behind the language. When nominees for the 2021 Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Awards were announced this morning, Ahmed was nominated for Best Actor for his portrayal of Ruben. The actor stated the following about his role in an interview with Variety Magazine:
"I think we bridged a bit of a divide between hearing and deaf culture which is often so segregated, and that's the fault of hearing people. They overlook, marginalize and oppress deaf people. It was great to make that connection. Our connection was something on the unique side. It opened my eyes to the richness of Deaf culture."
This presents quite the contrast with Alan Arkin, who garnered a Best Actor Oscar nomination for his role as a Deaf-mute character in the 1968 film The Heart is a Lonely Hunter. Arkin prepared for his role by visiting a school for the Deaf. He observed, "I visited a school for deaf-mutes in Montgomery and I learned they are not freaks. Stereotyped in my mind, they were always people who were not terribly bright, wildly animated at all times in trying to express themselves, and undisciplined emotionally." At the end of the interview he surmised that he got that impression from watching another Deaf character portrayed by a hearing actress: Patty Duke as Helen Keller in The Miracle Worker. Arkin also added that, "The sign language was the easiest thing to learn, I got it in a day or two." Spoiler alert: He really didn't. His use of sign language in The Heart is a Lonely Hunter is stilted, emotionless, and unrealistic.
Ahmed expresses himself much more authentically in Sound of Metal. His gradual immersion in the Deaf community and his language development of ASL ring true within the context of the story. In his Variety interview, Ahmed also commented on the process of learning ASL and how it not only enabled him to create a better portrayal but also opened the door to a new world for him. "To anyone who's considering learning ASL or British Sign Language or any kind of sign language, do it because it will enrich your life with new friendships, new connections, and a new culture." This is indeed a refreshing take on a hearing actor's preparation for a Deaf role — almost completely original in Hollywood's history of Deaf-centered stories.
However, one must question the originality of Sound of Metal, which has many similarities to the film It's All Gone Pete Tong. The 2005 British-Canadian comedy concerns a DJ who loses his hearing rapidly, goes into a funk, meets a Deaf character and realizes that Deaf people lead fulfilling lives. Sound familiar?
Sound of Metal does have a few advantages over that 2005 film, though. Sound of Metal takes a more real-life approach to Ruben's experience and transformation, and is far more inclusive of Deaf people—with one glaring exception.
Not Ahmed in the role of Ruben, but Paul Raci as Joe, the wise old Deaf person who lost his hearing in the Vietnam War. Paul Raci is a hearing actor who grew up in a Deaf family, so his ASL skills are at least at a native level of fluency. What irks me is that Raci's portrayal has already generated Supporting Actor Oscar buzz, and I find that rather tiresome. The quality of his acting in this role is actually moot. The issue at hand is giving the role to the most qualified person, and the most qualified person to portray being a Deaf person is a Deaf person.
With a plethora of seasoned Deaf actors who can also speak for themselves, who could have been portrayed as veterans of Vietnam, Korea, or even Desert Storm, this casting decision is the latest in a long, long tradition of misguided intentions. Sound of Metal might be more authentic than many previous films and shows featuring Deaf characters, but the lens and portrayal still lack true credibility. However well the film Sound of Metal might perform at award ceremonies this year, I predict that finally, when a well-crafted film comes along with all Deaf roles appropriately cast with Deaf talent, there will be a new sound: the thunderous applause of a community validated.
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Kollam, also known as Quilon, is an old sea port and a coastal town of the Indian state, Kerala. It attracts plenty of tourists from different parts of the world every year. Many travellers buy holiday packages for visiting the state of Kerala, and Kollam features in almost all the itineraries. The name 'Kollam' is a Sanskrit word which literally translates as 'pepper'. Many foreign communities had settled in this town, such as, the Chinese, Portuguese, Dutch and British. All these communities played their role in shaping the rich cultural heritage of this region.
A boat trip between Kollam and Alappuzha is believed to be the longest one on the backwaters of the state, and is also one of the most enchanting experiences of Kerala. A holiday package India travel portals offer can also help tourists in discovering many places in Kollam that are worth visiting during their vacation. One of them is the serene Ashtamudi Lake, which offers houseboat trips and boat cruises to all its visitors. Another interesting place is the seaside village of Thangasseri, where tourists can find ruins of the Old Portuguese forts and churches. One can find ancient monster sculptures and carvings dating back to the period between 12th and 16th centuries inside the Rameshwara Temple.
Thenmala Deer Park, Kottarakkara Kathakali Museum, Thevalli Palace, Thirumullavaram Beach and Kottukal Rock-cut Cave Temple are some of the other attractions of Kollam. The holiday packages in India provided by travel portals also include tours of Kerala, which would give a chance to tourists for visiting Kollam and its popular attractions. Travellers can also relish some mouth-watering delicacies from the local cuisines during their tour. Their accommodation would be arranged in some of the best hotels and resorts of Kollam that are well-equipped with all the modern amenities.


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Sunday, Dec 29, 2019 08:46 PM
'I was going to fight to the end': How Phillip Lindsay ran his way into the record books
Emily Simanskis
Digital Media Contributor
DENVER — Minutes after Phillip Lindsay made history, he almost un-made it.
With 7:48 left in the fourth quarter, Lindsay ran for eight yards and wrote himself into the history books — he surpassed 1,000 yards for this season, becoming the first undrafted player in NFL history to begin his career with consecutive 1,000-yard rushing seasons. He also became just the fourth Bronco to rush for 1,000 yards in back-to-back seasons.
But on the Broncos next offensive drive, Lindsay lost five yards.
And on the following offensive drive, Lindsay lost another yard and was two yards away from erasing his name from the record books.
"That would have sucked, huh?" Lindsay said with a laugh at his locker following the win "But I was able to get it back. I was going to find a way to keep it. I was going to fight to the end."
And fight, Lindsay did.
After the two-minute warning, he ran for eight more yards and secured his place in history. Then, he rushed for another yard on the next play, for good measure.
"It feels good, but it was a tough one," Lindsay said. "It was probably the toughest 1,000 yards I've ever had to get in my life, when it comes to football. Everything happens for a reason, and I got to showcase my toughness and my ability to be an every-down back."
After going undrafted in 2018, the Colorado native has run through two seasons with a chip on his shoulder and endeared himself to Broncos Country with his larger-than-life personality and hairstyle.
"That's a hell of an accomplishment," Head Coach Vic Fangio said of Lindsay's milestone. "It's also not a very good accomplishment for all the people that bypassed him in the draft."
Though the thought of reaching 1,000 yards in the Broncos' season finale against the Raiders was on Lindsay's mind leading up to Sunday afternoon, his priority was beating the division rival.
"I think overall, other than just the 1,000 yards, I'm excited about the team and what's to come," Lindsay said on Tuesday.
Offensive Coordinator Rich Scangarello also emphasized that he hoped Lindsay's 1,000 yards would be a byproduct of the Broncos beating the Raiders, but Scangarello noted how Lindsay has improved over the course of the season.
"I just feel like in the run game, in particular, he's just gotten better and better," Scangarello said of Lindsay on Friday. "It takes a little bit of time and he's starting to figure it out against these 4-3 [defense] types of teams. He's playing better and better …"
The Broncos finished with 238 total yards compared to the Raiders' 477, and Lindsay's 53-yard afternoon was second only to wide receiver DaeSean Hamilton's 65-yard performance.
Lindsay's record-breaking, crucial yardage earned him a game ball and praise from his offensive line on Sunday.
"He does a lot," center Connor McGovern said. "He's a great running back. He makes us look good a lot, but we do take some pride in that too."
Like the rest of the Broncos' offense, Lindsay has played with three different quarterbacks this season in games as high scoring as Week 14's 38-24 win and Sunday's gritty 16-15 victory. Despite the ups and downs the Broncos have endured, Lindsay ran every game just as hard.
"Phillip's a really selfless person, a really selfless player," guard Dalton Risner said. "He plays extremely hard and deserves every bit of [the record]. I love blocking for the man, and I hope I get to block for him for my whole career. I love that guy to death, and he's very well deserving."
After an 0-4 start, the Broncos finished 7-5 and won four of their last five, but the Broncos' offense is already excited for next season. And Lindsay got his 1,000 yards, but he's already looking ahead to next year.
"I just need to go build on this," Lindsay said. "I need to look at myself in the mirror and find ways to get better in the passing game, the blocking game, the running game. I want to be an elite running back, and I want to be a top-five running back in the league."


Mercer Island wants local feedback to know where to best spend Sound Transit Settlement dollars.
Mercer Island has launched an online survey gauging community interest in a free-floating Bikeshare service, like those operating in Seattle and coming soon to Bellevue and other surrounding communities.
Many residents may have already noticed these colorful bikes (green, yellow, orange) appearing on the Island from Seattle.
For over a year, the City Council has been exploring various ways to enhance mobility on the Island and improve access to transit. In particular, the City is seeking to provide more options for commuters to reach the Mercer Island Park and Ride, without needing to drive and park a Single Occupant Vehicle (SOV). This becomes especially important as increased parking pressure now leads to all stalls filling by 7 a.m. on most weekdays.
Today, Mercer Island's Park and Ride is served by a range of express and local buses, but in several years it will also connect to East Link light rail at the new Mercer Island Station currently under construction.
If made available on Mercer Island, these bikeshare bikes could not only help commuters reach the Park and Ride, but also help residents get around Town Center, go shopping, or do errands without driving. The bike fleet would likely be a mix of pedal-powered, and electric-assist (which require much less effort).
the city asks locals to complete this three-minute survey to help us design a Pilot Bikeshare Program to meet their needs. Local's suggestions will help the city understand where to best spend Sound Transit Settlement dollars.
The city currently has a related rideshare pilot underway with Lyft and Uber to provide discounted car rides to the Park and Ride for weekday bus commuters. Locals can learn more about various commute options and get other helpful information at www.mercergov.org/CommuterResources.


text:
De Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution (tot 2019 International Tracing Service, afgekort ITS) in Bad Arolsen in Duitsland is een internationaal archief- en documentatiecentrum over slachtoffers van vervolging, dwangarbeid en genocide door Nazi-Duitsland. Het archief bevat ongeveer 30 miljoen documenten over zo'n 17,5 miljoen nazi-slachtoffers. Er zijn meer dan 50 miljoen naamkaarten uit ontstaan. Sinds 2013 is het archief opgenomen op de Werelderfgoedlijst voor documenten.

Ontstaan
Direct na de Duitse capitulatie in 1945 hadden de geallieerden onder andere tot taak de ongeveer 13,5 miljoen ontheemden (waaronder kampgevangenen, dwangarbeiders en verdreven personen) te repatriëren. Een centraal bureau zou opgericht moeten worden voor de registratie van deze displaced persons en voor de opsporing van vermiste personen. Bad Arolsen was hiervoor een geschikte plek omdat deze plaats vrijwel ongeschonden uit de oorlog was gekomen en omdat daar de telefoon- en telegraafverbindingen nog werkten. Hier werden alle in beslag genomen en gekopieerde archieven en administraties van concentratiekampen, bedrijven en gemeenten verzameld en opgeslagen.

Archieven
Het volledige archief uit de concentratiekampen Buchenwald en Dachau is er te vinden. Het bestaat uit o.a. lijsten, inventarissen, persoonsbeschrijvingen, verslagen van medische experimenten en verordeningen. Kortom hier ligt een deel van de nauwkeurige administratie die de nazi's bijhielden voor hun terreur van dwangarbeid, deportatie en uitroeiing. Het archief bevat ongeveer 30 miljoen documenten over zo'n 17,5 miljoen nazi-slachtoffers en vult ruim 27 kilometer archiefplanken.

Van elke naam, die wordt aangetroffen, is een aparte kaart gemaakt; in het totaal zijn er 50 miljoen naamkaarten. De namen worden gerangschikt alfabetisch op naam, op geboortedatum en fonetisch. Een naam kan veel fonetische schrijfwijzen hebben.

Een apart archief bevat alle aanvragen voor informatie die tot nu toe zijn ontvangen van familieleden van oorlogsslachtoffers, inclusief de antwoorden die op de aanvragen gegeven zijn.

Openbaarheid
Het archief werd in eerste instantie gebruikt voor overlevenden die bewijsmateriaal nodig hadden om een uitkering te kunnen krijgen. Het archief werd verder gesloten gehouden uit privacy-overwegingen, ook voor onderzoekers omdat de documenten gevoelige informatie bevatten over personen, zoals iemands politieke overtuiging, over Joodse collaborateurs en hoe men daartoe aangezet werd, wie luizen had, welke medische experimenten er werden uitgevoerd, de aard van een mentale handicap, wie beschuldigd werd van homoseksualiteit, incest of pedofilie. Er was ook de Duitse vrees voor rechtsprocedures als die informatie vrij zou komen. De mogelijkheid tot juridische stappen is ondertussen verjaard.

In 2007 werd een protocol opgesteld dat wetenschappers en onderzoekers toegang geeft tot de archieven in Bad Arolsen van de deportaties tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Tot de openstelling van de archieven werd besloten na onderhandelingen tussen de 11 lidstaten van het Internationale Comité van het Rode Kruis: België, Duitsland, Frankrijk, Griekenland, Groot-Brittannië, Israël, Italië, Luxemburg, Nederland, Polen en de Verenigde Staten van Amerika. Eind november 2007 werd het archief opengesteld voor onderzoekers en voor het algemene publiek.

Begin 2019 is het archief, met zo'n 30 miljoen items, ook digitaal beschikbaar gesteld zodat het via internet geraadpleegd kan worden.

Huisvesting
De Arolsen Archives zijn gehuisvest in vier gebouwen. Aangezien onder andere klimaatbeheersing ontbreekt acht men de huidige vier gebouwen niet geschikt om de documenten in te bewaren. De documenten zullen worden verplaatst naar een, nog te bouwen, hoofdgebouw, dat in 2020 klaar moet zijn.

Externe link
  Website

Nasleep Tweede Wereldoorlog
Archief
Nationaalsocialisme
Documentair werelderfgoed in Duitsland
Holocaustdocument
Bad Arolsen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Variance of max - min of 2 exponential random variables Suppose we have 2 random variables, $S\sim Exp(\lambda)$ and $T\sim Exp(\mu)$. Let $U=\min(S,T)$ and $V=\max(S,T)$.
What is the variance of $W=V-U$?
I calculated:
$Var(U) = \frac{1}{(\lambda+\mu)^2}$
$Var(V) = \frac{1}{\lambda^2} + \frac{1}{\mu^2} + \frac{1}{(\lambda+\mu)^2}$
But I don't know how to proceed further.

A: Note that $$W = V - U = |S - T|.$$  Then note $$\operatorname{Var}[W] = \operatorname{E}[|S-T|^2] - \operatorname{E}[|S-T|]^2.$$  if $S$ and $T$ are independent, then $$\operatorname{E}[|S-T|] = \int_{s=0}^\infty \int_{t=0}^s (s-t) f_S(s) f_T(t) \, dt \, ds + \int_{s=0}^\infty \int_{t=s}^\infty (t-s) f_S(s) f_T(t) \, dt \, ds.$$  This turns out to be, for scale parameters $\operatorname{E}[S] = \lambda$, $\operatorname{E}[T] = \mu$, $$\operatorname{E}[|S-T|] = \frac{\lambda^2 + \mu^2}{\lambda + \mu}.$$  Then the rest is trivial, since $|S-T|^2 = (S-T)^2 = S^2 - 2ST + T^2$:  $$\operatorname{Var}[W] = 2\lambda^2 - 2 \lambda \mu + 2 \mu^2 - \left(\frac{\lambda^2 + \mu^2}{\lambda+\mu}\right)^2 .$$

A: Not to discourage posting an analytic solution, but here's a
simulation with rates $\lambda = 3,\; \mu = 5$, which confirms
one of your results and casts doubt on the other.
 lam = 3;  mu = 5 # rates, not means
 s = rexp(10^6, lam);  t = rexp(10^6, mu)
 mean(s);  sd(s)
 ## 0.3332149     # approx E(S) to 3 places
 ## 0.3326488     # approx SD(S)
 mean(t);  sd(t)
 ## 0.2000782
 ## 0.2001233
 u = pmin(s,t);  v = pmax(s,t);  w = v-u
 mean(u);  sd(u)
 ## 0.1248017     # U ~ Exp(rate=8);  E(U) = 1/8
 ## 0.1247771     # SD(U) = E(U)
 mean(v);  sd(v)  # maximum V not exponential
 ## 0.4082914
 ## 0.3221837     # far from sqrt(1/9 + 1/25 + 1/64) = .4082
 mean(w);  sd(w)  # difference W not exponential
 ## 0.2835815
 ## 0.2976735

In the histograms below the simulated values of $U$ and $W$
approximate their distributions; vertical dotted line indicates
$E(U).$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


FC Twente will look for their first points of the new Eredivisie campaign when they travel to the Sparta-Stadion Het Kasteel to take on Sparta Rotterdam on Sunday at lunchtime. Sparta Rotterdam fought back from two-goals down to secure a 2-2 away draw at NAC Breda last time out thanks to a second-half brace from Ragnar Ache. Meanwhile, FC Twente lost 2-0 on the road at PEC Zwolle prior to the International break, with Rene Hake's men conceding one goal in each half. Below we have our betting tips, predictions, team news and match stats all in our SBAT preview.
Sparta Rotterdam looked a bit better than Twente in this early part of the season, but the visitors hold an impressive head-to-head record over the Rotterdammers. Twente have won six of their last seven games across all competitions, scoring at least two goals in each of these. It's difficult to separate these two sides at the moment, but both looked poor in front of the goal so far so I'm expecting a low-scoring match.
Sparta Rotterdam suffered a 3-0 away defeat at the newcomers Venlo in the opening round, but they looked much better in their recent two draws against PEC Zwolle and NAC Breda. They managed to pick up a morale-boost 5-2 victory over Meppen in a friendly fixture during the International break. The Rotterdammers find themselves only in 13th spot in the Eredivisie table with two points under their belts, already four points behind the top seven. The good news is that Sparta looked pretty solid in front of their own fans over the past four months, winning two and drawing two in this term. Furthermore, Rotterdam picked up a 1-0 victory in their most recent home meeting with FC Twente. Last term, Sparta have struggled for consistency on home soil as they were the fifth worst home side in the division with just 22 points collected from their 17 league fixtures. After scoring a brace against NAC Breda last time out in the Eredivisie, Ragnar Ache is now the team's topscorer and he will be looking to continue this goalscoring form.
Janne Saksela is the only injury absentee for Sparta Rotterdam.
Meanwhile, FC Twente are one of the worst teams in this early part of the new Eredivisie campaign as they suffered back-to-back defeats at the hands of Feyenoord, Venlo and PEC Zwolle in their opening three league fixtures. Conceding has been FC Twente's biggest problem throughout this early part of the season as they allowed two goals in each of their three games. They ended the previous Eredivisie campaign in a disappointing manner and have also had a terrible pre-season. Overall, Twente have only won two of their last 15 games across all competitions. Away from home, Twente are winless in the last four games across all competitions, conceding eight goals and scoring just one in the process. The most worrying fact is that they have failed to score in six of their last ten away fixtures. Twente are one of the four Eredivisie teams without points under their belts in this early part of the season, but they still sit in 15th spot in the standings due to a better goal difference. They have only scored two goals so far this season, but it was expected to struggle in front of the goal after their last season's topscorer Enes Unal has left the club this summer.
Hidde ter Avest is Twente's sole doubtful player ahead of this trip.


When Kathryn and I were in Rome last winter, we used the public transit network extensively. The buses were most convenient for many of our trips, but we also used the Metro trains when we wanted to cover ground more quickly.
During our trip to Rome earlier this year, Kathryn and I recognized how long it had been since our last confessions. Far too long. The gift of the Holy Father's blessing at the General Audience earlier in the week, and the possibility we would receive it again after praying the Angelus on Sunday, increased our desire to receive the sacrament as soon as possible.
I really wanted to get a series of photos of the verses inscribed around the interior of the cupola, but you'll see in this photo that a pretty thick fence blocks the view. You can just make out the words Petrus et behind Kathryn.


text:
Review: The Happening (2008)
The Happening (2008)
Directed by: M. Night Shyamalan
Premise: When people on the East Coast mysteriously begin dying en masse, a high school science teacher (Mark Wahlberg) and his wife travel across the countryside while trying to figure our what is happening.
What Works: The Happening is one of Shyamalan's better films. The picture manages to sell a fairly outrageous premise by using a realistic and minimal approach. The unseen menace of The Happening forces the focus to be placed on the characters, and it falls to the actors to sell the illusion. It's a risky premise but the film makes it work through some great casting and channeling the exposition through limited media sources. Mark Wahlberg stars as a high school science teacher and he does well playing against type. Zooey Deschanel stars as his wife, and she has the challenge of playing an extremely stoic woman but not making her look bored or blank. Deschanel pulls it off and she and Wahlberg's character have some effective scenes together. Shyamalan's films have usually been marked by twists and turns, and although there is a mystery to be uncovered, The Happening is much more straightforward than his other pictures. The story relies on rising drama rather than twists, making this is a much more mature film than Shyamalan's other work; the characters have much more reality to them and the situation has much more weight. The picture is also well unified; Shyamalan's films often deal with the limits of rational thought and scientific inquiry and The Happening carries on this theme, allowing Shyamalan to do some of his most interesting work with it.
What Doesn't: The story of The Happening is pretty light, especially the finale. The trouble is that the film is not really building towards a discernible climax and the ending is rather flat; it does not empower the protagonist. As good as Wahlberg and others are in the film, the story is not really giving him anything to do except run in the opposite direction of the corpses. Wahlberg's character development is largely internalized and although the actor sells it, the story needs something more palatable and immediate at stake.
Bottom Line: The Happening is good but not great. The film is for viewers who like to think, more so than any other film in Shyamalan's filmography except The Village, which may be his best work so far. This is certainly betterthan Signs or Lady in the Water and at the very least it is one of Shyamalan's most interesting and original films.
Episode: #119 (June 22, 2008)


text:
package org.apache.activemq.artemis.protocol.amqp.converter.message;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;

import java.util.UUID;

import org.apache.activemq.artemis.protocol.amqp.exceptions.ActiveMQAMQPException;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.Binary;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.UnsignedLong;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class AMQPMessageIdHelperTest {

   private AMQPMessageIdHelper messageIdHelper;

   @Before
   public void setUp() throws Exception {
      messageIdHelper = new AMQPMessageIdHelper();
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns null if given
    * null
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithNull() {
      String nullString = null;
      assertNull("null string should have been returned", messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(nullString));
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} throws an IAE if given
    * an unexpected object type.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringThrowsIAEWithUnexpectedType() {
      try {
         messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(new Object());
         fail("expected exception not thrown");
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
         // expected
      }
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns the given
    * basic string unchanged
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithString() {
      String stringMessageId = "myIdString";

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(stringMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", stringMessageId, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded string, when the given string happens to already begin with the
    * {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_UUID_PREFIX}.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithStringBeginningWithEncodingPrefixForUUID() {
      String uuidStringMessageId = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_UUID_PREFIX + UUID.randomUUID();
      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + uuidStringMessageId;

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(uuidStringMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded string, when the given string happens to already begin with the
    * {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_ULONG_PREFIX}.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithStringBeginningWithEncodingPrefixForLong() {
      String longStringMessageId = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_ULONG_PREFIX + Long.valueOf(123456789L);
      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + longStringMessageId;

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(longStringMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded string, when the given string happens to already begin with the
    * {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX}.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithStringBeginningWithEncodingPrefixForBinary() {
      String binaryStringMessageId = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + "0123456789ABCDEF";
      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + binaryStringMessageId;

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(binaryStringMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded string (effectively twice), when the given string happens to
    * already begin with the {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_STRING_PREFIX}.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithStringBeginningWithEncodingPrefixForString() {
      String stringMessageId = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + "myStringId";
      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + stringMessageId;

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(stringMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded UUID when given a UUID object.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithUUID() {
      UUID uuidMessageId = UUID.randomUUID();
      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_UUID_PREFIX + uuidMessageId.toString();

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(uuidMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded ulong when given a UnsignedLong object.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithUnsignedLong() {
      UnsignedLong uLongMessageId = UnsignedLong.valueOf(123456789L);
      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_ULONG_PREFIX + uLongMessageId.toString();

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(uLongMessageId);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toBaseMessageIdString(Object)} returns a string
    * indicating an AMQP encoded binary when given a Binary object.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToBaseMessageIdStringWithBinary() {
      byte[] bytes = new byte[] {(byte) 0x00, (byte) 0xAB, (byte) 0x09, (byte) 0xFF};
      Binary binary = new Binary(bytes);

      String expected = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + "00AB09FF";

      String baseMessageIdString = messageIdHelper.toBaseMessageIdString(binary);
      assertNotNull("null string should not have been returned", baseMessageIdString);
      assertEquals("expected base id string was not returned", expected, baseMessageIdString);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns an UnsignedLong when
    * given a string indicating an encoded AMQP ulong id.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithEncodedUlong() throws Exception {
      UnsignedLong longId = UnsignedLong.valueOf(123456789L);
      String provided = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_ULONG_PREFIX + "123456789";

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(provided);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", longId, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns a Binary when given a
    * string indicating an encoded AMQP binary id, using upper case hex characters
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithEncodedBinaryUppercaseHexString() throws Exception {
      byte[] bytes = new byte[] {(byte) 0x00, (byte) 0xAB, (byte) 0x09, (byte) 0xFF};
      Binary binaryId = new Binary(bytes);

      String provided = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + "00AB09FF";

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(provided);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", binaryId, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns null when given null.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithNull() throws Exception {
      assertNull("null object should have been returned", messageIdHelper.toIdObject(null));
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns a Binary when given a
    * string indicating an encoded AMQP binary id, using lower case hex characters.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithEncodedBinaryLowercaseHexString() throws Exception {
      byte[] bytes = new byte[] {(byte) 0x00, (byte) 0xAB, (byte) 0x09, (byte) 0xFF};
      Binary binaryId = new Binary(bytes);

      String provided = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + "00ab09ff";

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(provided);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", binaryId, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns a UUID when given a
    * string indicating an encoded AMQP uuid id.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithEncodedUuid() throws Exception {
      UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
      String provided = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_UUID_PREFIX + uuid.toString();

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(provided);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", uuid, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns a string when given a
    * string without any type encoding prefix.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithStringContainingNoEncodingPrefix() throws Exception {
      String stringId = "myStringId";

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(stringId);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", stringId, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} returns the remainder of the
    * provided string after removing the {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_STRING_PREFIX} prefix.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithStringContainingStringEncodingPrefix() throws Exception {
      String suffix = "myStringSuffix";
      String stringId = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + suffix;

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(stringId);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", suffix, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that when given a string with with the {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_STRING_PREFIX}
    * prefix and then additionally the {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_UUID_PREFIX}, the
    * {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} method returns the remainder of the
    * provided string after removing the {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#AMQP_STRING_PREFIX} prefix.
    *
    * @throws Exception
    *         if an error occurs during the test.
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithStringContainingStringEncodingPrefixAndThenUuidPrefix() throws Exception {
      String encodedUuidString = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_UUID_PREFIX + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
      String stringId = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_STRING_PREFIX + encodedUuidString;

      Object idObject = messageIdHelper.toIdObject(stringId);
      assertNotNull("null object should not have been returned", idObject);
      assertEquals("expected id object was not returned", encodedUuidString, idObject);
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} throws an
    * {@link IdConversionException} when presented with an encoded binary hex string of uneven
    * length (after the prefix) that thus can't be converted due to each byte using 2 characters
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithStringContainingBinaryHexThrowsWithUnevenLengthString() {
      String unevenHead = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + "123";

      try {
         messageIdHelper.toIdObject(unevenHead);
         fail("expected exception was not thrown");
      } catch (ActiveMQAMQPException ex) {
         // expected
      }
   }

   /**
    * Test that {@link AMQPMessageIdHelper#toIdObject(String)} throws an
    * {@link IdConversionException} when presented with an encoded binary hex string (after the
    * prefix) that contains characters other than 0-9 and A-F and a-f, and thus can't be
    * converted
    */
   @Test
   public void testToIdObjectWithStringContainingBinaryHexThrowsWithNonHexCharacters() {

      // char before '0'
      char nonHexChar = '/';
      String nonHexString = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + nonHexChar + nonHexChar;

      try {
         messageIdHelper.toIdObject(nonHexString);
         fail("expected exception was not thrown");
      } catch (ActiveMQAMQPException ex) {
         // expected
      }

      // char after '9', before 'A'
      nonHexChar = ':';
      nonHexString = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + nonHexChar + nonHexChar;

      try {
         messageIdHelper.toIdObject(nonHexString);
         fail("expected exception was not thrown");
      } catch (ActiveMQAMQPException ex) {
         // expected
      }

      // char after 'F', before 'a'
      nonHexChar = 'G';
      nonHexString = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + nonHexChar + nonHexChar;

      try {
         messageIdHelper.toIdObject(nonHexString);
         fail("expected exception was not thrown");
      } catch (ActiveMQAMQPException ex) {
         // expected
      }

      // char after 'f'
      nonHexChar = 'g';
      nonHexString = AMQPMessageIdHelper.AMQP_BINARY_PREFIX + nonHexChar + nonHexChar;

      try {
         messageIdHelper.toIdObject(nonHexString);
         fail("expected exception was not thrown");
      } catch (ActiveMQAMQPException ex) {
         // expected
      }
   }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub