IER's Renewable Mandate Map is catching on; MT, CO, MN and MO all consider removing or weakening their energy and job killing mandates Reuters (2/9/11) reports: Republican legislators in Montana, Colorado, Minnesota and Missouri are separately trying to weaken or dismantle the renewable portfolio standards in their states, which are seen as crucial to U.S. efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop a globally competitive clean economy…Officials pushing the bills say that energy prices soar and consumers suffer when utilities are required to allocate a certain percentage of electricity from renewable sources like wind and solar. Clean energy groups counter that lowering the bar on state renewable energy policies would stifle new investment and kill jobs…If passed, the bills would go against the trend among most states to strengthen standards and attract clean energy developers by creating a market for renewables, said Jessica Shipley, a fellow at the Washington-based Pew Center on Global Climate Change.
What more do solar companies want? Despite free money and government mandated market share, First Energy cannot fulfill solar energy quotas WKSU (2/9/11) reports: The mandate to increase the number of solar panels in Ohio is generating some gloom among at least one Ohio utility…For the second time in the two years since the state implemented a requirement that Ohio utilities make use ofsolar and other renewable energy, FirstEnergy has asked for an exemption. Solar power is sold as solar credits, and FirstEnergy spokeswoman Ellen Raines says there are just not enough to go around –.."We worked hard to purchase every credit that was offered to us, but there were simply not enough available for us to meet our goal."…Ohio is one of 36 states that have some type of renewable energy mandate. The 2008 law requires one-fourth of the energy used in Ohio come from alternative energy sources by 2025, and half that amount, or 12.5 % be generated within the state.
Who you calling old? President Obama labeled oil and gas companies the energy of yesterday. EV's were invented in 1830, solar cells were patented in 1888 and wind was commercialized in 1891 The Hill (2/9/11) reports: After recently being branded "yesterday's energy" by President Obama, the oil-and-gas industry is pushing back at Democratic efforts to roll back tax credits and deductions used by energy companies…Top officials at the American Petroleum Institute (API) on Tuesday said the oil-and-gas industry does not receive favorable tax treatment and called on the administration and Congress to work with the sector to create jobs…"We really believe we are the low-hanging fruit," said Marty Durbin, the institute's executive vice president for government affairs. "If the opportunity is provided for us to safely and reliably produce our domestic resources here at home, you'd see enormous benefits to the government in terms of revenue, enormous benefits in terms of jobs."…He added that it was unfair to tag oil-and-gas companies as an industry of the past, declaring that companies in the field had poured billions of dollars into low- and no-carbon technologies.
The writing is on the wall (part 1): Shell and BP close down oil refining operations Bloomberg (2/9/11) reports: Royal Dutch Shell Plc and BP Plc, Europe's largest oil companies, plan to close and sell refineries in the U.S. and Germany on declining demand for fuels such as gasoline in developed nations…BP plans to sell its 475,000 barrel-a-day Texas City refinery in Texas and its 266,000 barrel-a-day Carson plant in California, the London-based company said on Feb. 1…Shell plans to stop oil-processing at its 110,000 barrel-a- day Hamburg facility in 2012 after failing to find a buyer, the company based in The Hague said on Jan. 12.
The writing is on the wall (part 2): drilling companies are ramping up, but lack of permits in U.S. have them looking elsewhere New York Times (2/9/11) reports: The moratorium is technically over in the gulf, but permitting continues to advance slowly. Six of the 33 rigs idled by the moratorium after the BP spill have left United States waters to drill elsewhere. The rest are sitting in water, with the crews biding their time. Its "Drill baby, drill" — just not in this country, at least not yet…There are other signs of booming business, or at least an industrywide anticipation of booming business. As Eurasia Group noted in a recent research note, drilling companies since November have ordered or are preparing to contract for construction of 18 rigs capable of operating in deep waters. That is the fastest buildup since 2007, when oil prices were galloping and few in the industry were anticipating the virtual collapse in energy demand in 2009.
How many Congressmen does it take to screw up a light bulb market? Rep. Joe Barton begins effort to undo bulb ban with H.R. 91: At least someone is willing to admit when they've made a mistake Freedom Action (2/8/11) petition: The ban on standard incandescent bulbs was included in comprehensive legislation passed by a Democratic-controlled Congress and signed into law by Republican George W. Bush in 2007. The ban will go into effect next year, but the legislation can still be stopped. Congressman Joe Barton (R-TX) has recently introduced H.R. 91, the Better Use of Light Bulbs (BULB) Act to amend the original bill, removing the anti-light bulb provisions. Your signatures will be compiled and sent to the Congressmen in your state.


Maybe it's the scruffy beard. Maybe it's the hip Brooklyn address, or that he's dared to write a number of small, literary novels. But people tend to give Ethan Hawke a hard time.
Which is funny, because no one takes Ethan Hawke less seriously than Ethan Hawke.
"I think it was Manohla Dargis who once said 'Director Richard Linklater has done the impossible,'" he says, quoting an old review. "He has made Ethan Hawke likable."
And he laughs -- at it, and himself.
There aren't too many laughs in Everett, the character Hawke plays in "Maudie." The based-on-fact film stars Sally Hawkins as a shy Canadian who becomes an acclaimed artist - conquering her own physical disabilities and the occasional rages of her husband.
It's a small, serious and eventually endearing movie that required some risks from Hawke, and a careful dance between the two stars. "The whole thing's a bit like a souffle," he says. "You touch it just wrong, and it collapses."
But the 46-year-old from West Windsor Township it good at paying attention to details. And he did a bit of it recently, as he took time to reflect on the roles he's played, the great friends he's lost, and his favorite New Jersey memory.
Q: Sometimes people are entranced by these big, loud performances where there's a lot going on, visually and vocally. But playing someone like Everett I think can be the hardest and the most underrated job. Because you're not doing a lot of obvious things.
A: It was challenging, it was one of the most challenging parts I've had in a long time, actually. Getting it right - the target is very, very small. I mean, when you're doing a movie about a house burning down, as long as you light that house on fire, a lot of other things can go wrong. Something like this is a lot more complicated. But my real job here was to service the story, and the other actors, and to disappear at the right time. To be the right amount of obstacle, to cause the right amount of pain, and then step aside so that this flower of a performance by Sally Hawkins could bloom.
Q: I always say, isn't it enough that they're interesting? Do you really like Lear? Would you honestly want to have a beer with Macbeth?
A: They shouldn't, right? Not if the actor's any good. But yeah, as soon as I got the script, I thought this is going to be an unbelievable challenge, to take someone this badly behaved and misogynist and get an audience to believe that he could be worthy of love, of forgiveness... I understand it's hard to watch. But that scene is so true to the period, and that kind of man.
Q: "Maudie" also goes to something very simple and very true: We never know what is going on inside someone else's relationship. We never know how it works or why.
A: You're so right. This movie does get at it, it does take you behind closed doors. But in real life, we have no idea of what other people's inner lives are like, what their relationships are like.
Q: Even though we think we know, with celebrities. And then we bring everything we think we know to the theater, the next time we see them.
A: You know, when I was growing up, Robert De Niro never did any interviews. Never. But now, the whole industry seems to be demanding you be a public person. The studios get angry if you're not an advertising tool for the film. And the drag is, you're actually undermining your mystery, which is part of your power, as an actor. It's a huge, huge challenge these days to keep your privacy. Daniel Day-Lewis has managed to do that, at a very, very high level. You don't feel you know him. Really, I don't think I know jack about him. All I really know are his wonderful performances.
Q: You've worked with a lot of great people, from River Phoenix to Robin Williams to Philip Seymour Hoffman, all of whom are gone now, and gone way too soon. And I'm sorry if this is too personal, but what do you take from that, now? From all those losses?
A: That we're not guaranteed anything. That you need to appreciate the preciousness of life, the importance of enjoying your life. Robin was older than me, but such a great friend - he got me my first agent, actually. And River and Phil, they were the best actors of my generation, the most inspiring of my peers, and that they both died the same way is kind of heartbreaking; it's part of why I wanted to do the Chet Baker movie so much. For a lot of artists, it's not rejection or indifference that gets you - and they're both powerful things to deal with - but self-destruction. The biggest demon in the woods isn't the cruelty of the world but the cruelty of how we treat ourselves.
Q: People have sometimes been pretty hard on you when you've branched out - directed, or done screenplays, or written novels. There's a kind of cobbler-stick-to-your-last feeling sometimes, as if an actor shouldn't do anything but act, and just stay in their box.
A: Yeah, but for me, the box has always just been "the arts," so I feel I have always stayed in that. No one in my family was an artist, so growing up, getting interested in the arts, I never saw a big difference between directing and acting and singing and writing - it was either the arts, or it wasn't. But, yeah, some people seemed to have an issue with it, more so when I was younger. I always felt, Are you kidding? I'm not trying to design your house or start a hedge fund here. I'm just a little bohemian doing my art. Like Bob Dylan said, I'm a song-and-dance man, baby.
Q: Finally, there's a rumor we're eventually going to get some good weather here. Any memories of great summers in New Jersey?
A: Going to see Bruce Springsteen at the Meadowlands when I was 14. It was the "Born in the USA" tour, and my first concert; my stepfather bought me and my brother tickets and drove us there and waited outside in the parking lot for us until we got out. In these turbulent, political times I've been finding myself thinking a lot about how grateful I am for Bruce Springsteen. Growing up, listening to "The River," and "Darkness on the Edge of Town" - I learned a lot from him, and I continue to learn from him. I love the Boss.


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AIK Stockholm x Nike Air Max 90: Official Release Date & Price
One of the World's Most Stylish Clubs Just Got Its Own Air Max 90
8 months ago in SneakersWords By Fabian Gorsler
Stockholm-based AIK Fotboll is traditionally one of the biggest football clubs in Sweden and — on rare occasions — punches above its weight in European competition. Slightly more frequent though, is its penchant to punch above its weight when it comes to being one of the most stylish football clubs in the world.
How else does a (relatively) small Swedish club get special-edition black and gold jerseys from Nike? AIK's footballing dress has caught the eye of Highsnobiety several times in the past, which is why it was no surprise when AIK announced that it would be releasing a special edition Nike Air Max 90 in partnership with the Swoosh and SNS — another Swedish mainstay.
The co-branded Nike Air Max 90 was designed in celebration of the club's 130-year anniversary. It takes notes from previous special-edition Nike kits, featuring a black base colorway with hits of reflective gold. In addition, the sneaker features details that illustrate the importance community plays in the club's past, present, and future.
Walid Osman and Elias Chaabane
AIK's community is made up of its supporters and neighborhoods that sit on the Blue Line metro in Stockholm. The line runs from Kungsträdgården, where the club was founded 130 years ago, to Solna, where the club's training facilities are. People that live along the Blue Line are inherently linked with the club and part of its identity. The line continues into the Northern and Western suburbs of the Swedish capital, where a mix of players and supporters live.
To highlight its dedication to its community, AIK has teamed up with fellow Stockholm-based SNS to tell the story of nine of its community members and their fascinating stories. Each of the nine community members is creative in a different field — ranging from poetry to fine art and fashion design — and brings a positive impact to its community along the Blue Line.
The selected individuals include Daniel Norlander, who is a die-hard AIK supporter, founder of the biggest support group, and actually works directly at the club as the AIK supporter liaison officer. Norlander, as an AIK lifer, has a clear view on what the club's responsibilities are. "AIK has an important legacy. We have to build a future and become the natural choice for everyone here," he explains. "We have to make people proud of us. We have to bring people together when life divides them.
Diemonde founder Angelo da Silveira is also part of the campaign. "My community is like a family, it's where I turn to get empowered. It is my inspiration and whom I create for," he says. This shows in the work Diemonde does with the community, which da Silveria describes as using fashion for good. "Diemonde works to empower and give back to our community by sharing knowledge, resources, and our platform to democratize opportunity," he explains.
Poet and feminist Nattalie Ström Bundpuckdee, another of the nine individuals selected to be the face of the campaign, uses her voice and sharp wit to further the narrative of equality and community.
"We deserve Equivalent schooling as those in the inner city. We need meeting places. Simply stop dismantling everything we need for a functioning society," Bundpuckdee says on what needs to change.
Not every community member is a die-hard AIK fan (though there are some that are), but because of their connection to the Blue Line in Stockholm, they are part of an unbreakable bond with AIK. That phenomenon is quite common in Europe, where football clubs are rooted in the history of areas and its people. It's no different for AIK, whose neighbors may not all be football fans, but the club and its facilities are part and parcel of the Blue Line area, just as a special landmark, park, or historic site would be.
It's because of the club's tight-knight community that AIK has received an official Nike collaboration, something not even some of the world's biggest clubs can boast.
How to buy the AIK x Nike Air Max 90
Brand: AIK Fotbol x Nike
Model: Air Max 90 "AIK"
Release Date: May 27
Price: 1,499 SEK (approximately €150)
Buy: AIK, Nike SNKRS, and SNS
What We're Saying: In celebration of AIK's 130-year anniversary this year, the football club has given the iconic Nike Air Max 90 its signature spin. The sneaker arrives in a predominantly black colorway, featuring hits of reflective gold that are a nod to the aforementioned special-edition kit that AIK wore in 2019. In addition, the sneaker features details that pay homage to the club's community.
The sneaker combines smooth black leather paneling with a black mesh base. The Swoosh is rendered in black suede, allowing a subtle contrast between the three predominant materials. The lateral sides of the mudguard feature "1891' in reflective gold print — a nod to the year AIK was founded — while the medial sides feature "AIK" in the same gold lettering. The tongue swaps out the silhouette's signature Nike Swoosh branding and replaces it with the club crest.
The AIK x Nike Air Max 90 will be available via raffle from May 20 to 27 via the links below.
Where to Buy the AIK x Nike Air Max 90
AIK Nike SNKRS Sneakersnstuff
To stay updated on everything happening in the sneaker world, follow @highsnobietysneakers on Instagram, check out the best sneakers to add to your rotation this week, and sign up to our newsletter for the latest sneaker news sent straight to your inbox.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On Friday August 23rd the girls volleyball team traveled to Red Lion for an opening season tournament. The girls played well together and brought home the third place trophy. The next volleyball game is home on Monday September 9th at 4:00pm against Fulton County.


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Redistricting Reform Advocates Say The Real 'Rigged System' Is Gerrymandering03:54
(Alyson Hurt/NPR)
If the election results of 2016 were really about rejecting the political establishment, then Congress didn't get the memo. After all, 97 percent of incumbents in the U.S. House of Representatives seeking re-election won even as national polls show overwhelming disapproval of Congress.
Advocates for redistricting reform hope voters are ready to pay more attention to the otherwise wonky issue of legislative districts are drawn, a system that's helped send so many incumbents back to Washington and state capitols, year after year.
One group trying to change that system is One Virginia 2021, a nonpartisan organization that's challenging the constitutionality of 11 state legislative district boundaries.
Executive director Brian Cannon says many of the Virginia General Assembly boundaries are so convoluted they no longer serve the people.
"I think when people scratch the surface on the concept of, 'Are these elections rigged?' it might not be rigged in the same way that Bernie Sanders or Donald Trump was saying it, but it doesn't take you too long to get to gerrymandering," Cannon says.
In the Virginia General Assembly, like in Congress, incumbents have a huge advantage; all who ran in the last election, in 2015, kept their seats. Cannon and his allies are waging a multi-front war on that system, which allows state lawmakers to draw the lines for state legislative and Congressional districts. A decision in the Virginia case is expected next month.
Independent commissions
In a separate effort, the group is also calling for the creation of an independent redistricting commission, similar to ones in Arizona and California. Cannon and his colleagues are traveling the state, showing a documentary about gerrymandering several times a month and pushing to elect candidates who support redistricting reform in Virginia's statehouse races this fall.
Shane Brown runs a theater in Richmond that hosted a screening this week. He describes himself as a Democratic-leaning independent and who's concerned about the increasingly polarized nature of American politics.
"I think a lot of people are actually delving more and more into the intricacies of how all this works - especially when you see how not knowing it can be crazy when you see it breaking down," Brown says.
Cannon argues that competitively-drawn districts would force lawmakers to be more responsive and work across party lines.
"There's a number of ways to do this," he says. "Anything would be better than our current system."
The issue of partisan gerrymandering appears to be energizing voters in several states. Last month in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, hundreds showed up for a meeting hosted by a group pushing for a nonpartisan redistricting commission.
Others, including Texas and Florida, have seen legal challenges to their congressional district boundary lines. In Wisconsin, a federal judge in November ruled state legislative districts unconstitutional as drawn by Republican lawmakers.
The biggest pushback to redistricting reform tends to come from majority-party incumbents. In Virginia, Republican Chris Jones sponsored the bill that created the current districts for the House of Delegates.
"There's no non-partisan way to do this," Jones says. "Those who claim to be non-partisan if you look at most of their affiliations, they have party affiliations so it's not nonpartisan. So I think you're folly to think that's the case."
Critics have also raised questions about whether some proponents have failed to acknowledge the limitations of redistricting reform, instead of focusing on issues like voter turnout.
Reform advocates say while there are many potential approaches to drawing legislative boundaries, and no system is likely to be perfect, legislators shouldn't be designing their own districts.
Ruth Greenwood, the deputy director of redistricting at the Campaign Legal Center, acknowledges that change can be a tough sell to lawmakers who control state legislatures - but she hopes they will take the long view.
"Maybe it will be 2020; maybe it's 2030, but the Republicans will no doubt fall out of favor again, and the Democrats will be back ready to gerrymander," Greenwood says. "And hopefully at some point, both sides will realize that it's easier if we just have a fair, level playing system."
Federal Court Rules Three Texas Congressional Districts Illegally Drawn
Supreme Court Considers Race, Politics And Redistricting In 2 Cases


It looked nice from a distance; but by the time I walked down, scores of coaches had disgorged thousands of tourists. Paradise lost! Yes no vehicles in each village – but lots of parking very close to the edges.


text:
Die evangelisch-lutherische Dorfkirche Bischofroda steht in der Gemeinde Bischofroda im Wartburgkreis in Thüringen. Sie gehört zum Pfarrbereich Bischofroda im Kirchenkreis Eisenach-Gerstungen der Evangelischen Kirche in Mitteldeutschland.

Geschichte
In den Jahren 1103 bis 1104 wurde der jetzige Kirchturm als Wehrturm erbaut. Das Kirchenschiff in seiner heutigen Gestalt wurde Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts errichtet, die großen Fenster wurden im 18. Jahrhundert nachträglich eingebaut. Um 1980 wurde das Glockenhaus neben der Kirche erbaut, weil die Glocken aus statischen Gründen nicht im Turm verbleiben konnten.

Ab 1993 war es möglich das Gebäude umfangreich zu sanieren. Unter anderem fand die statische Sicherung des Turmes statt. Die politische Gemeinde finanzierte 2009 die Neueindeckung des Daches und gab dem Kirchengebäude den Anstrich der Fassade. Jetzt soll die Knauf-Orgel restauriert und kommunal finanziert werden.

Literatur
 Georg Voss (Hrsg.): Großherzogthum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach. Amtsgerichtsbezirk Eisenach. In: Paul Lehfeldt, Georg Voss (Hrsg.): Bau- und Kunst-Denkmäler Thüringens. Heft XL. Jena 1915 S. 393 ff.

Weblinks

 Beschreibung auf der Website des Kirchenkreises

Einzelnachweise

Bischofroda
Bischofroda
Bischofroda
Bischofroda

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Dalai Lake is shrinking. For years, the water level of northern China's largest freshwater lake – lying on the Hulunbuir grasslands of Inner Mongolia, close to the borders with Mongolia and Russia – has been falling. Since 2009, the local government has been trying to halt the decline by siphoning off water from the Argun River, which forms part of the boundary between Russia and China. But Dalai's long-term future is still unclear.
Dalai is a huge body of water – the fifth biggest of China's freshwater lakes. And its importance in maintaining the ecological balance of the Hulunbuir grasslands, currently the healthiest in China, has earned it the nickname "Kidney of the Grasslands". In 1986, Inner Mongolia established the Dalai Lake Nature Reserve in order to protect the site's rare birds, wetlands and grasslands ecology. In 1992, the area was upgraded to a national nature reserve and, in 2001, it was included on a list of internationally important wetlands.
But recognition has not prevented decline. "The water level drops every day. It hasn't come back up for seven or eight years," the 60-year-old owner of Golden Sands Holiday Village, a resort on the north-east bank of the lake, told me when I travelled to Hulunbuir in September last year. The grasslands were already yellowing and the herders were driving to and from their homes with loads of grass, harvested for winter fodder.
The owner of Golden Sands (who asked not to be identified by name) and his wife are not herders. They started their resort business 10 years ago. July and August is their busy period, when they offer tourists grassland experiences like swimming in the lake and fishing with rod or nets.
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the white sands by the edge of the lake, explaining that the wind blows for four days out of every five. "As soon as the wind gets up, the air is filled with sand," he said. He believes desertification of the grasslands is a direct result of the lake's shrinking size.
Falling water levels have left a 600-metre wide stretch of white sand between the grasslands and the lake. According to media reports, satellite surveys calculated the area of the lake to be 2,370 square kilometres in April 2000. By June, 2010, it had shrunk to 1,850 square kilometres – a loss of 520 square kilometres.
Manzhouli, a border city north-west of the lake, once planned to use water from here to create its own manmade lake, with a "Lovers' Island", but it was forced to abandon the idea due to the falling water levels at Dalai.
Liu Songtao is deputy director of the Dalai Lake National Nature Reserve management bureau. He agreed that the shifting ecology of the grasslands and the lake is strongly affected by the climate, and that the dwindling size of the lake is due to sustained dry weather.
The lake gets its water from the Kherlen and Wuerxun rivers, as well as from rain falling onto the lake and its surroundings. Liu said that temperatures on the grasslands have been rising for over 10 years, with annual average temperatures increasing by about three degrees Celsius between 1960 and 2009, while precipitation has fallen. The amount of water flowing in from the two rivers has also been decreasing. In 2007, none came through at all.
The effects of falling water levels are not only felt in China, but also in Mongolia and Russia. In 1994, the three nations established the Dauria International Protected Area, of which the Dalai National Nature Reserve is a member. In 2005, Mongolia formed plans to retain a tenth of the flow of the Kherlun River for development of its local mining industry. But, explained Liu, the project was abandoned after discussion between the three parties.
To halt Dalai's decline, the city of Hulunbuir came up with a plan: it would take 1.05 billion cubic metres of water a year from the 3.7 billion that flow through the Hailar River (the upstream name of the Argun) to replenish the lake. China's State Environmental Protection Agency (now the Ministry of Environmental Protection) approved the plan in April 2006 and, in the spring of 2007, work began.
Eugene Simonov, coordinator at the Rivers without Boundaries Coalition – an NGO formed in July 2009 by Russian, Mongolian and US experts on the Heilongjiang River basin – also opposed the scheme. He said that, if completed, the project would have a major impact on the wetlands and communities of the lower reaches of the Hailar River and set a dangerous precedent for water-engineering projects and unsustainable use of water.
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official from the Hulunbuir Environmental Protection Bureau, who asked not to be named, said that a diplomatic note from Russia triggered visits from officials from the State Environmental Protection Agency, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration, and that the project was temporarily put on hold. "But in the end it went ahead, so the governments must have come to an agreement," the official said.
According to the water authorities in Hulunbuir, the project to bring river water to the lake was completed last August and a dedicated office has been set up to manage the process. In light of Russian opposition, they lowered the amount of water they intend to draw from the river to 390 million cubic metres per year. One of the officials in charge of the project said that this figure was not set in stone, however – they will control the flow with a sluice gate and take more water when the river is high.
But the project employee posted at the sluice gate said that it had never been closed, and that water from the Hailar River was being constantly channelled towards the lake. The gate would only be lowered if there was too much water, he said.
From the Mongol yurts at the Golden Sands Holiday Village, it was possible to see Hulungou, where the water from the Hailar reaches Dalai Lake. The resort owner said that he was pleased about the extra water, but that it wouldn't be enough to save the lake. "The copper mine on the other side of the lake is taking out as much as the new channel brings in," he said.
The "copper mine" in question is Gujinyu Mining's copper and molybdenum pit, a China Gold Group subsidiary. In 2008, it emerged that the mining company had laid a pipe to draw water from the lake, and the holiday village boss believes they are still using the lake's resources.
Huo Weiya is a freelance journalist based in Beijing.


Our curriculum is balanced and broadly based. It consists of all the activities designed or encouraged in the school to develop the intellectual, personal, social and physical activities in the children.
Appreciate human achievements and aspirations.
take a leading role in national initiatives.
Our curriculum includes not only the formal programme of lessons, but the 'informal' programme of extra curricular activities as well as the features which produce the school's ethos, such as equality of opportunity, the values shown in the way the school sets about its task and the way in which it is organised and managed.
The curriculum is planned by the whole school family. The National Curriculum provides a necessary framework and ensures continuity throughout the child's school life. The curriculum detail forms the most important element in the School Improvement Plan which in turn covers all aspects of school life.
Our teaching is child-centred in that our pupils are central to all our planning. We have high expectations of our children. They have already learned a great deal so that we start with what is familiar and, using practical activities wherever possible, extend this knowledge. We aim to interest the children, even excite them, so that they want to learn and enjoy their new skills. Success is a firm foundation for future learning and we show our appreciation of their successes.
Within the class our children are grouped according to their abilities in the different fields. Our planning is detailed, inclusive and differentiated to meet all pupils' talents, skills and abilities.
Please contact the school if you wish to find out more about the curriculum at St Bede's Primary Catholic Voluntary Academy. We would be more than happy to talk to you and show you our planning and some examples of work.


text:
Amount of text messages decline in Q3, thanks to iMessage and other Internet services
Jake Smith
- Nov. 12th 2012 1:08 pm PT
According to research from Chetan Sharma Consulting, the amount of text messages sent during Q3 2012 showed the first decline ever. The fall can be attributed to Apple's iMessages (when it is up), along with other Internet services like Facebook Messaging, Skype, AIM, Google Voice and more that use Wi-Fi. With less text messages being sent monthly, this has lead to less revenue in the text message area for carriers, however, they are still making plenty of money off data. The research released today says data makes up for 43 percent of carrier revenue generated, with Verizon and AT&T accounting for 69 percent data revenue during the quarter. Mobile data is expected to slow down after growing rapidly over the last five years, perhaps thanks to Wi-Fi.
AT&T CEO Randall Stephenson said he is losing sleep over services like iMessage cutting into revenue, while speaking earlier this year."You lie awake at night worrying about what is that which will disrupt your business model," Stephenson said. "Apple iMessage is a classic example. If you're using iMessage, you're not using one of our messaging services, right? That's disruptive to our messaging revenue stream."
[FierceMobile]
Apple was founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1976. Today, it's considered one of the 'Big Tech' technology companies, alongside Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and Facebook.
Facebook AT&T Verizon Skype Google Voice


Recorded during a legendary extended weekend stand in 1970, these live recordings from the three-guitar lineup of Fleetwood Mac have existed in various shoddy, uneven, and sometimes sloppy configurations, but were finally sorted out and released as a triple-disc box, (also available individually) in 1999. First generation source tapes were utilized, there's approximately an hour's worth of previously unreleased tracks, between-song patter is interspersed among the songs, and the running order is restored to match that of the original performance. Live at the Boston Tea Party, Vol. 2 starts strong with a floating "World in Harmony," the only Peter Green/Danny Kirwin co-written track in the Mac catalog, and one that, interestingly, never appeared on a studio album. An abbreviated but aggressive "Oh Well" (the rocking opening only) segues into a half-hour "Rattlesnake Shake" that's more raucous, driving, and intense than the lower key, and slightly stiffer version on Vol. 1. The Kirwin/Green interplay here is stunning as they push each other past previous limits, driven by the forceful rhythm section of John McVie and Mick Fleetwood. Jeremy Spencer runs through terse versions of "Stranger Blues" and "Red Hot Mama," two hot and jittery Elmore James covers. But the show becomes slipshod with his '50s doo wop tribute "Teenage Darling," complete with faux-Elvis singing that is pandering and irritating. The band jogs through a few revved-up, enthusiastic, but hardly essential Little Richard covers, redeemed by Fleetwood's driving drums and Green's wiry leads weaving through ten minutes of "Jenny Jenny." It may have been a blast at the time, but the tracks don't translate well without the visual impact of the three guitarists flailing away. The set ends with a heretofore unheard 12-minute jam simply entitled "Encore," where Joe Walsh of opening band the James Gang, adds a fourth guitar. Intermittently interesting, the quadruple guitars trading leads and riffs make for some predictably cluttered and unfocused music. Followers of the band during these early years might find this of passing curiosity, but for most people, you had to be there. Still, with Green playing at the peak of his powers, at least half of this disc is essential, especially to fans, and the numerous high points more than make up for the parts that drag.


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Základní poledník nebo též nultý poledník () je poledník, od kterého se počítá zeměpisná délka. Prochází Královskou observatoří v Greenwichi v Anglii (dnes jižní předměstí Londýna), podle toho se nazývá též Greenwichský poledník. K jeho definici byl použit Airyho pasážník Greenwichské hvězdárny.

Historie základního poledníku
Od počátků astronomie bylo její důležitou aplikací měření času a využití nebeských těles pro navigaci. Pravý sluneční čas je v každém místě svázán s místním poledníkem. Zavedení jednotného času na větším území proto nutně souvisí se stanovením významného poledníku.

Staré systémy
Dříve se jako základní poledník používal zejména ostrov El Hierro (součást Kanárských ostrovů), v české literatuře označovaný jako ferrský poledník, který byl definován jako bod 20° na západ od Paříže (ve skutečnosti 20°23'9"; tj. 18°08'51" západně od Greenwiche). Další užívané základní poledníky byly v Kodani, Paříži (2°20'14" východně od Greenwiche), Petrohradě (poledník procházející hvězdárnou Pulkovo, 30°19'42,09" východně od Greenwiche), Římě (12°27'08,04" východně od Greenwiche), Jeruzalémě, Pise či Philadelphii.

Historicky vzniklo mnoho úředních časů a mnoho s nimi svázaných významných poledníků, a pro účely navigace si alespoň každá koloniální mocnost zvolila svůj systém souřadnic se svým základním poledníkem. Vývoj techniky a dopravy si koncem 19. století vynutil přijetí jednotného systému měření času a zeměpisné délky.

Mezinárodní meridiánová konference

Poledník, který je základní v dnešním systému používán, byl určen na zvláštní konferenci (International Meridian Conference) pořádané v říjnu 1884 ve Washingtonu, na které se sešlo 41 delegátů z 25 zemí.

Na konferenci byly přijaty tyto základní principy:
 Bylo by vhodné přijmout jeden světový poledník a nahradit tak všechny dosud existující.
 Poledník procházející hlavním pasážníkem na Greenwichské hvězdárně by měl být stanoven jako "počáteční poledník".
 Všechny zeměpisné délky v rozmezí 180° na východ i na západ by měly být počítány od tohoto poledníku.
 Všechny země by měly přijmout univerzální den.
 Za univerzální den by měl být stanoven střední sluneční den, který začíná o půlnoci středního slunečního času v Greenwichi a má 24 hodiny.
 Nautický a astronomický den by všude měly začínat o střední půlnoci.
 Měly by být podporovány všechny technické studie regulující a rozšiřující používání desítkového systému na dělení času a prostoru.

Rezoluce č. 2, zavádějící základní poledník v Greenwichi, prošla hlasováním v poměru 22:1. Santo Domingo (nyní Dominikánská republika) hlasovalo proti, Francie a Brazílie se zdržely. Francie nepřijala tento systém až do roku 1911.

Na protější straně Země oproti nultému poledníku se nachází mezinárodní datová hranice.

Světový čas
Vzhledem k jemným pohybům zemské kůry by definování souřadného systému polohou pasážníku bylo dlouhodobě problematické. V současnosti se proto k zafixování zeměpisných souřadnic používá jiné metody. Základní souřadnicí, která v definici vystupuje, je čas UTC (Universal Time Coordinate), který je s korekcí na nerovnoměrnost zemské rotace vztažen k času TAI. Čas TAI udržuje soubor atomových hodin. Prostorové souřadnice pak vzhledem k času určuje standard International Terrestrial Reference System. Tak se získá vztažná soustava která je v SI jednotkách a se středem v těžišti Země. Praktickou realizací standardu je International Terrestrial Reference Frame, což je soustava bodů s co nejpřesněji určenými souřadnicemi vzhledem k ITRS. K měření se používají dráhy družic a systém nebeských souřadnic, navázaný ke vzdáleným kvasarům. Význačný poledník tohoto systému, International Reference Meridian, je od Airyho poledníku posunutý o 102 metrů východně (V Greenwichi. Rozdíl se s časem mění). Vztah IRM a Greenwichského základního poledníku co se "definičnosti" týče je dosti komplikovaný. Nesporné naopak je, že základní poledník má výrazně větší historický význam, ale pro praktické účely je dnes důležitější IRM.

Při popisu jiných nebeských těles se používají obdobně libovolně definované základní poledníky. Např. základní poledník Měsíce leží přesně uprostřed jeho přivrácené strany. Nultý poledník na Marsu prochází kráterem Airy-0.

Odkazy

Reference

Související články
 Časové pásmo
 Poledník
 UTC

Externí odkazy

 Sborník International Meridian Conference (anglicky)
 terestrial Reference System (PDF)

Poledníky
Čas
Dějiny kartografie


text:
Daniel Sueiro (1931-1986) was a Spanish author and journalist. He was born in La Coruña and died in Madrid. He is best known for two of his ten books: the short story collection Los conspiradores (1959) which won the Premio Nacional de Literatura, and the novel Corte de corteza (1969) which won the Premio Alfaguara.

As a journalist he wrote for the Spanish publications "Arriba" and "Pueblo."

References

Spanish novelists
Spanish male short story writers
Spanish short story writers
Spanish male novelists
20th-century Spanish writers
20th-century Spanish male writers
20th-century Spanish novelists
People from A Coruña
1931 births
1986 deaths
20th-century short story writers


text:
Jets report card: Red-zone failures doomed them
Dec 4, 2022 11:30 pm Sports 32
Grading the Jets' 27-22 loss to the Vikings on Sunday:
The Jets rolled up 486 yards but only scored one touchdown. They went 1-for-6 in the red zone and 3-for-16 on third down and that is what drags this grade down. QB Mike White (31 of 57, 369 yards, 2 INT, 59.8 QB rating, 1 rushing TD) did not play his best but also had the Jets on the doorstep of taking the lead twice in the fourth quarter. RB Zonovan Knight (15 rushes, 90 yards) impressed in his first career start. WR Garrett Wilson (8 catches, 162 yards) made huge plays and has injected himself into the Offensive Rookie of the Year conversation.
Grade: C-
Jets quarterback Mike White (5) is tackled by the Vikings on Dec. 4, 2022.USA TODAY Sports
The defense gave up 20 points in the first half but then just a touchdown in the second. Cornerbacks D.J. Reed and Sauce Gardner played well against Vikings star Justin Jefferson (7 catches, 45 yards, 1 TD), but Jefferson got the best of Reed for the game-clinching touchdown in the fourth quarter. QB Kirk Cousins (21 of 35, 173 yards, 1 TD, 82.2 rating) did not have a great game but made a few critical plays. DL Quinnen Williams and Carl Lawson each came up with a third-down sack in the second half.
Remember when the Jets couldn't find a kicker? Greg Zuerlein has ended that problem. Zuerlein made five field goals Sunday and kept the Jets in the game. He booted a 60-yarder at the end of the first half, setting a new Jets record for longest field goal. Punt returner Braxton Berrios had a few solid returns, including a 15-yarder.
Jets kicker Greg Zuerlein (6) makes a 60-yard field goal against the Vikings on Dec. 4, 2022.AP
You have to give Robert Saleh this — his team does not roll over. It felt like the Jets were dead when it was 20-3, but they kept playing and made adjustments in the second half that pulled them back into the game. Saleh also made some tough fourth-down decisions that worked and won a challenge that resulted in a touchdown. Offensive coordinator Mike LaFleur was too pass-happy in the first half. He showed some creativity in the run game in the second half, but he must answer for the struggles in the red zone. Defensive coordinator Jeff Ulbrich had a solid plan against Jefferson and the Jets looked like a different team in the second half defensively.
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World's First Womb-Transplant Mother Hopes to Inspire Others
October 9, 2014 November 3, 2014
The parents of the world's first womb-transplant baby said they hope their story inspires other couples who are struggling with infertility. The 36-year-old mother from Sweden had been born without a uterus, but last month she gave birth to a healthy but premature boy after having a womb transplant. "Yes, we made history," the woman told The Associated Press on Monday. "It's hard to answer but for us it feels like we are normal parents with a newborn baby — lots and lots of happiness and love for this little boy."
The woman, who agreed to the interview provided her identity was not disclosed, was among nine to receive a new womb in a ground-breaking trial last year. "Even if I had years and years of sorrow and loss of hope, at the first touch and when I saw my baby I just felt as a mother," she said. Her husband added they will be forever grateful to the 61-year-old woman who donated her uterus, the mother of one of his best friends. "What she did for us was so amazing and selfless that the words 'thank you' don't seem like enough," he said.
Source: nbc news
Living Well	womb transplant baby, womb transplant pregnancy, womb transplant success	Leave a comment
UN committee approves USD 49.9 mn funding for Ebola response
A UN committee that deals with administrative and budgetary issues has approved a 49.9 dollar million funding for the world body's large-scale response to tackle the spread of the deadly Ebola virus.
The Fifth Committee of the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution allocating funding for the newly established UN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response (UNMEER) and the Office of the Special Envoy on Ebola. At the committee's meeting, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon's Chef de Cabinet, Susana Malcorra, presented his preliminary funding proposal requesting USD 49.9 million for the rest of the year.
The Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ) endorsed the amount and recommended that the General Assembly approve it. UNMEER teams have already deployed to the Mission headquarters in Accra, Ghana, and to offices in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
"The establishment of UNMEER is the first step in the global efforts to contain the outbreak, which must be further strengthened by a wide range of actions and measures at all levels," President of the General Assembly Sam Kutesa said, highlighting efforts to mobilize required financial, medical and humanitarian assistance. More than 6,500 people have been believed to be infected, and more than 3,300 have died since the latest outbreak of the disease was confirmed in March.
Aside from the UNMEER funding, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) has said that it needs USD 988 million to respond to the outbreak. So far, USD 257 million – or 26 per cent – has been raised.
Meanwhile, the UN Development Programme (UNDP) is warning that the Ebola health crisis must not be allowed to become a crippling socio-economic crisis as well, as two of its officials began a visit to Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. "This devastating health crisis is destroying lives and communities. It is also impairing national economies, wiping out livelihoods and basic services, and could undo years of efforts to stabilize West Africa," Director of UNDP's Bureau for Policy and Programme Support Magdy Martínez-Solimán said.
"As we work together to end the outbreak, now is the time to ensure these countries can also continue to function and swiftly get back on their feet," he added.
Source: first post
Health A-Z	Development Programme, Ebola response, ebola virus, EVD, UN committee, UN General Assembly	Leave a comment
Tooth decay affects 12% of three-year-olds, says survey
More than one in 10 three-year-olds have tooth decay, the first survey of the age group shows. Public Health England researchers checked the teeth of nearly 54,000 children at nurseries, children's centres and playgroups.
They found 12% of children had evidence of tooth decay. These youngsters had an average of three teeth that were decayed, missing or filled. Large variations were found from place to place in the study.
In one area – Leicester – 34% of children had tooth decay whereas in others it was only 2%. Researchers also said that some children had a particular type of decay known as early childhood caries. This affects the upper front teeth and spreads quickly to other teeth. It is linked to the consumption of sugary drinks in baby bottles or sipping cups. PHE said that parents should give their children sugary foods and drinks in smaller quantities and less often. It also urged them not to add sugar to weaning foods or drinks.
Parents and carers should also start brushing children's teeth as soon as the first tooth appeared and supervise their brushing until they the age of seven or eight, PHE said. Previous research by the organisation has shown that by the age of five, one in four children has tooth decay.
Sandra White, director of dental public health at PHE, said while there had been "significant improvements" in oral health over the years, the findings were worrying.
"Tooth decay is an entirely preventable disease which can be very painful and even result in a child having teeth removed under general anaesthetic, which is stressful for children and parents alike." Dr Christopher Allen, of the British Dental Association, said: "Parents and carers may feel that giving sugar-sweetened drinks is comforting, but in reality it's more likely to cause pain and suffering as it is the major cause of tooth decay in toddlers.
"It's never too soon to take your toddler to the dentist – ideally no later than 18 months – because dentists can identify and treat tooth decay at the earliest stage and advise parents on tooth brushing and prevention."
Source: bbc news
Children's Health	Tooth decay, tooth decay in chidren	Leave a comment
Tobacco Tied to Higher Risk of Oral HPV Infection
Tobacco use in any form appears to be linked to an increased risk of infection with oral human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), a virus that can cause cancers of the mouth and throat, according to Johns Hopkins University researchers.
The odds of being infected with HPV16, a sexually transmitted disease, rise as tobacco use increases, the researchers said. As few as three cigarettes a day can increase the risk of infection with HPV by almost one-third, according to the study.
How tobacco use might influence HPV16 infection isn't clear, said lead researcher Dr. Carole Fakhry, an assistant professor of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
"We don't fully understand oral HPV16," she said. "People exposed to tobacco could be more likely to become infected after exposure to HPV16 or less likely to get rid of the infection."
Fakhry cautioned that this study does not prove that tobacco makes it easier to get HPV16, only that the two factors are linked. Since tobacco use is associated with other risky behaviors, it's possible that people who use tobacco engage in more oral sex, which could increase their odds of being infected with HPV16, Fakhry explained.
She added that smoking, chewing or snorting tobacco doesn't cause HPV16 infection, but may make it easier to get the infection. Nonsmokers are also at risk for HPV16, especially those exposed to secondhand smoke, she said.
HPV16, which is transmitted through oral sex, is linked to 80 percent of cancers located in the back of the throat, according to the researchers. Over the last 20 years, this type of cancer has increased 225 percent in the United States, the researchers noted.
This year alone, about 37,000 Americans, mostly men, will get mouth or throat cancer, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). About 7,300 will die from these cancers, according to the ACS.
For the study, Fakhry and her colleagues collected data on nearly 7,000 men and women who took part in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Among the participants, there were just over 2,000 tobacco users. More than 80 percent of tobacco users were cigarette smokers, according to the study. Other forms of tobacco use included chew, snuff and pipe smoking, the study found. Sixty-three of the tobacco users were infected with HPV16, the study reported.
The researchers measured blood levels of cotinine, a by-product of tobacco use, and found an amount equal to three cigarettes a day increased the risk of infection 31 percent, according to the study. When they measured urine levels of another tobacco-related marker, NNAL, the risk increased 68 percent when the levels equaled four cigarettes a day, the study found.
"This study highlights the need to understand the effect of tobacco on HPV16 infection over time," Fakhry said. The report was published in the Oct. 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. Dr. Norman Edelman, a senior consultant for scientific affairs at the American Lung Association, said, "The connection between HPV and tobacco is probably real."
The question is whether the connection is based in biology or social behavior, he said. Smoking may be a marker of increased oral sex, Edelman said. "If that is not true, then some of the contents of tobacco promote infection by this sexually transmitted virus, and that's a very important finding," he said.
Edelman added that studies have shown that nicotine increases tumor growth and the same could also be the case for viral infection. "There is a lot of other stuff in tobacco that causes inflammation," he said. "So it may be that all the other inflammatory components of tobacco allow HPV to attack the tissues of the mouth and grow and stay put."
This is yet another reason not to smoke, chew tobacco or use snuff, because it's the same stuff going directly to the mouth, Edelman said. "Oral cancer is very nasty," he said. Whatever the reason behind the increased risk of HPV16 infection for people who smoke, a vaccine for HPV — including HPV16 — is available for teens and young adults, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The vaccine is routinely recommended for 11- and 12-year-old children, but can be given up to age 26 for both males and females, according to the CDC.
Source: web md
Health A-Z	Leave a comment
Surgeons use 3D-printed heart to save life of 2-week-old baby
A 2-week-old baby underwent surgery for a congenital heart defect, thanks to a 3D-printed model
Surgeons created a 3D model of the child's heart using data from an MRI, which gave them a guide to perform the operation.
"The baby's heart had holes, which are not uncommon with [congenital heart defect], but the heart chambers were also in an unusual formation, rather like a maze," Dr. Emile Bacha, head of cardiac surgery at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital in New York, who performed the surgery July 21 at Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, told the News-Times.
"In the past, we had to stop the heart and look inside to decide what to do," Bacha said. "With this technique, it was like we had a road map to guide us. We were able to repair the baby's heart with one operation."
Source : fox news
Medical Technology	Leave a comment
Sandwiches eaters have a higher energy intake
Sandwiches account for one-fifth of the body's total sodium absorption, new research on the dietary intake of US adults shows. People who ate sandwiches had significantly higher energy intake than those who did not, it found.
Those who consumed a sandwich on the survey day took in, on average, around 300 kilo-calories more than those who did not report eating a sandwich. Sandwich reporters also had higher total sodium intake, averaging around 600 milli-grams per day higher than non-sandwich reporters.
"The unanticipated finding that sandwich consumption is associated with higher overall intake of energy underscores the importance of making healthy choices of sandwich ingredients," said study co-author Cecilia Wilkinson Enns from the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.
"Many sandwiches, such as burgers and franks, and common sandwich components, such as yeast breads, cheese, and cured meats, are among the top contributors not only to sodium but also to energy in the diets of adult Americans," Enns added.
By closely analysing data from the federal nationwide dietary intake survey known as "What We Eat in America NHANES 2009-2010", the researchers found that on any given day 49 percent of US adults eat at least one sandwich.
The study appeared in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Health A-Z	Energy intake, Sandwich, sodium absorbtion	Leave a comment
Reaction to coffee in your genes
Caffeine affects different people in different ways—and genetics could be the reason. Scientists have previously believed there is a genetic connection between individual responses to caffeine, but singling out the specific genetic variants has been a challenge. A recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry, however, provides new insight.
Researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health and Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston performed a meta-analysis on 120,000 regular coffee drinkers. Participants came from different ancestries–American, European and African ancestry.
Two gene variants were identified in connection to caffeine metabolism: POR and ABCG2. Two other gene variants near genes BDNF and SLC6A4 were associated with the "reward" effect of caffeine Also, the genes GCKR and MLXIPL, which play a role in glucose and lipid metabolism, were connected to the metabolic and neurological effects of caffeine for the first time.
The study is believed to be a major step forward in the research of coffee effects. It could help scientists identify subgroups of people most likely to benefit from increasing their coffee intake and those who would be better off if they cut back.
Source: health central
Research	Coffee, genes reaction, Reaction to coffee	Leave a comment
Nobel Prize in Medicine 2014 awarded for discovering brain's 'inner GPS' system
The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet on Monday decided to award the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with one half to John O´Keefe and the other half jointly to May-Britt Moser and Edvard I Moser for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain.
ohn O'Keefe was born in 1939 in New York, US. He is currently affiliated with the University College, London, UK. May-Britt Moser was born in 1963 in Fosnavag, Norway. She is currently affiliated with the Centre for Neural Computation, Trondheim, Norway. Edvard I Moser was born in 1962 in Alesund, Norway. He is currently affiliated with the Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Trondheim, Norway.
How do we know where we are? How can we find the way from one place to another? And how can we store this information in such a way that we can immediately find the way the next time we trace the same path? This year´s Nobel Laureates have discovered a positioning system, an "inner GPS" in the brain that makes it possible to orient ourselves in space, demonstrating a cellular basis for higher cognitive function.
In 1971, John O´Keefe discovered the first component of this positioning system. He found that a type of nerve cell in an area of the brain called the hippocampus that was always activated when a rat was at a certain place in a room. Other nerve cells were activated when the rat was at other places. O´Keefe concluded that these "place cells" formed a map of the room.
More than three decades later, in 2005, May-Britt and Edvard Moser discovered another key component of the brain's positioning system. They identified another type of nerve cell, which they called "grid cells", that generate a coordinate system and allow for precise positioning and pathfinding. Their subsequent research showed how place and grid cells make it possible to determine position and to navigate.
The discoveries of John O´Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser have solved a problem that has occupied philosophers and scientists for centuries – how does the brain create a map of the space surrounding us and how can we navigate our way through a complex environment?
How do we experience our environment?
The sense of place and the ability to navigate are fundamental to our existence. The sense of place gives a perception of position in the environment. During navigation, it is interlinked with a sense of distance that is based on motion and knowledge of previous positions.
Questions about place and navigation have engaged philosophers and scientists for a long time. More than 200 years ago, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant argued that some mental abilities exist as a priori knowledge, independent of experience. He considered the concept of space as an inbuilt principle of the mind, one through which the world is and must be perceived. With the advent of behavioural psychology in the mid-20th century, these questions could be addressed experimentally. When Edward Tolman examined rats moving through labyrinths, he found that they could learn how to navigate, and proposed that a "cognitive map" formed in the brain allowed them to find their way. But questions still lingered – how would such a map be represented in the brain?
John O´Keefe and the place in space
John O´Keefe was fascinated by the problem of how the brain controls behaviour and decided, in the late 1960s, to attack this question with neurophysiological methods. When recording signals from individual nerve cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus, in rats moving freely in a room, O'Keefe discovered that certain nerve cells were activated when the animal assumed a particular place in the environment (Figure 1). He could demonstrate that these "place cells" were not merely registering visual input, but were building up an inner map of the environment. O'Keefe concluded that the hippocampus generates numerous maps, represented by the collective activity of place cells that are activated in different environments. Therefore, the memory of an environment can be stored as a specific combination of place cell activities in the hippocampus.
May-Britt and Edvard Moser find the coordinates
May-Britt and Edvard Moser were mapping the connections to the hippocampus in rats moving in a room when they discovered an astonishing pattern of activity in a nearby part of the brain called the entorhinal cortex. Here, certain cells were activated when the rat passed multiple locations arranged in a hexagonal grid (Figure 2). Each of these cells was activated in a unique spatial pattern and collectively these "grid cells" constitute a coordinate system that allows for spatial navigation. Together with other cells of the entorhinal cortex that recognize the direction of the head and the border of the room, they form circuits with the place cells in the hippocampus. This circuitry constitutes a comprehensive positioning system, an inner GPS, in the brain (Figure 3).
A place for maps in the human brain
Recent investigations with brain imaging techniques, as well as studies of patients undergoing neurosurgery, have provided evidence that place and grid cells exist also in humans. In patients with Alzheimer´s disease, the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex are frequently affected at an early stage, and these individuals often lose their way and cannot recognize the environment. Knowledge about the brain´s positioning system may, therefore, help us understand the mechanism underpinning the devastating spatial memory loss that affects people with this disease.
The discovery of the brain's positioning system represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of how ensembles of specialized cells work together to execute higher cognitive functions. It has opened new avenues for understanding other cognitive processes, such as memory, thinking and planning.
Research	Centre for Neural Computation, Edvard I Moser, Edward Tolman, Inner GPS, John O´Keefe, May-Britt Moser, Nobel Prize in Medicine, Positioning System in Brain, University College London	Leave a comment
9 fantastic properties of hot water and honey
Did you know that the combination of warm water and honey has multiple beneficial effects on your health?
1. Helps you with weight loss.
Sugar found in honey is natural and is a healthy source of calories. Not only that, but this combination will reduce the increased desire for sweets.
2. Improves digestion.
Honey and water can regulate the work of digestion system. Antiseptic effects of honey has favorable impact on your digestion, and the combination with water softens the stool.
3. Strengthens the immune system.
Honey has an amazing ability of neutralizing bacterias. Especially recommended is organic honey that has the most enzymes, minerals and vitamins that fight bacteria. Honey is an excellent antioxidant that helps fight free radicals.
4. Reduces allergies.
Natural honey from your region can help your body to get used to the pollen. In this case water is not required, but additional hydration cant do any harm.
5. Boosts energy.
No need to reach for coffee anymore for waking up – stir a little honey in warm water. This healthy combination can also restore enthusiasm and energy.
6. Soothes sore throat and soothes cough. According to the recommendation of the famous Mayo Clinic, hot water and honey can alleviate throat irritation and soothe the cough.
7. Detoxification.
Honey and water will help your body get rid of toxins. Good digestion, to which honey also affects, is responsible for the detoxification of the body. You will even have better results if you add lemon. The acid in lemon juice positively affects the function of enzymes and stimulates the liver.
8. Reduces gases.
Do you feel bloated and have gases? Find help in the mix warm water and lemon.
9. Improves health.
Not only that warm water and honey improve hydration in you're body, but will also increase the level of good cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease.
Health A-Z	Honey, honey and water, water, Weight loss	Leave a comment
5 ways to increase your water intake
A 2010 study by American Chemical Society of Boston says, "Drinking two glasses of water before breakfast, lunch, and dinner while also cutting back on portions may help you lose weight and keep it off for at least a year." Well, weight loss is just one benefit of drinking water. From treating skin problems, reducing risk of heart ailments, regulating digestive system to curing headaches, water has many more benefits to offer. But, we can only be benefited when the intake is in an adequate amount. It is said that one should drink at least eight glasses of water a day. So, let's explore ways on how we can increase water intake in our daily diet
Set a schedule
Begin with setting a schedule for yourself. As soon as you wake up, drink two glasses of water. After that, drink a glass of water every two hours. Set achievable targets and do not keep on drinking water all the time. Too much of it can also be bad for you. It can make your body cells bloat and you might experience dizziness and difficulty in breathing. So, strike a balance
Eliminate caffeinated and sugary drinks
The first step toward increasing your water intake is restricting consumption of caffeinated beverages. Prepare your shopping list in a way that can curb your unhealthy desire of cola and soda bottles and coffee jars. These have a diuretic effect and increase the risk of dehydration. This is why, water is the best bet to stay hydrated. Carry a water bottle with you to avoid buying sugary drinks
Jump to water-rich foods and juices
Around 20 per cent of our water needs are met from the foods that are naturally high in water content. So, if you have more fruits and veggies you can boost your fluid intake. Try eating papaya, berries, oranges, cherries, grapes, peaches, watermelon, strawberries and apples. Among vegetables, you can go for carrots, broccoli, onions, cauliflower, peas, and tomatoes. An added advantage of having all these is that you will increase your vitamins and minerals consumption besides water. You can also have fruit juices. Although you will be adding a few calories if you have juices, you can discount a few calories by adding a little water to it
Drizzle some flavour
In order to do away with the bland taste of water you can add some flavour to it. Add mint leaves, flavours of orange, cucumber, strawberry and lemon. Get creative with wat
er and stay enthused. Beside these, you can also buy no-calorie seltzer water that is available in the market in various flavours
Urine check
The easiest way to find out whether you are taking sufficient amount of water or not is through a urine check. It is a good sign if it is pale yellow or clear, but if it is darker it means you are not getting enough water. You will complain of nausea, dizziness and experience a few signs of dehydration like dry and sticky mouth.
So, whether you want to lose weight, get a glowing skin or cure acne, water is the best option available. Drink as much water as you can to make your lifestyle a healthy one
Health A-Z, Uncategorized	Leave a comment


Frank Chimero makes nifty laser-etched wood panels featuring his work.
"Is it always illegal to kill a woman?," asks one of The 15 Creepiest Vintage Ads Of All Time. (Who says we don't make at least a little progress?) The self-slicing pig reminds me of SNL's old Cluckin' Chicken ad.


Descending from the tree I hastily collected what remained of my provisions and set off as fast as I could go towards it. As I drew near it seemed to me to be a white ball of immense size and height, and when I could touch it, I found it marvellously smooth and soft. As it was impossible to climb it — for it presented no foothold — I walked round about it seeking some opening, but there was none. I counted, however, that it was at least fifty paces round. By this time the sun was near setting, but quite suddenly it fell dark, something like a huge black cloud came swiftly over me, and I saw with amazement that it was a bird of extraordinary size which was hovering near. Then I remembered that I had often heard the sailors speak of a wonderful bird called a roc, and it occurred to me that the white object which had so puzzled me must be its egg.


text:
Demi Lovato Is No Longer A 'Nightmare' After Five Years Of Sobriety
Edward VKanty
For her fans, Demi Lovato has been a tremendous inspiration, but serving as a symbol of strength and hope has come at a cost for Lovato, whose hit "Skyscraper" spoke to millions of fans about the need for perseverance in the face of adversity. That song, like everything else about Demi that has inspired her fans, was the result of her own struggles with substance abuse and addiction, but, today, Lovato proudly announces she has been sober for five years. In speaking about her road to recovery, Demi talks candidly about her struggle with mental illness as well as addiction and how she overcame it all to be become the cultural icon admired by millions.
Demi Lovato Went From Child Star To Drug Addict
Demi Lovato opens up about her drug addiction and mental illness struggles. [Image by Alberto E. Rodriguez/Getty Images]
Demi wasn't one of those child stars to adapt to fame without succumbing to the usual Hollywood pitfalls, reports E! News. Instead, Lovato struggled with substance abuse, addiction, eating disorders, depression, all of which culminated in her expressions of self harm. All told, Demi says she was living a nightmare and it seemed to all be leading to a bottomless pit of decadence and misery.
Lovato reveals that her troubles reached a point at which she couldn't function in even the most trivial circumstances without snorting cocaine.
"Prior to getting sober, I was one of those people who was like, I don't give a f**k, whatever. And I used that as an excuse to do whatever I wanted," revealed Lovato.
Demi realized she was out of control when she punched one of her back-up dancers in the face in 2010, and it was that incident that compelled her to check into a rehab center for the next three months. The specific reasons for her voluntary hospitalization was never released to the public, but a statement issued by Ms. Lovato, through her reps, stated that she was seeking help for "emotional and physical issues" that had plagued much of her life.
"Skyscraper" Singer Demi Lovato Took Her Own Advice
For Demi Lovato, 'Skyscraper' is more than another hit song. It tells her own story. [Image by Jesse Grant/Getty Images]
The 2011 release of "Skyscraper" gave Demi's fans a new anthem by which to live their lives, but it wasn't just the singer's fans who benefited from the themes of rising up to meet new challenges and refusing to be torn down by the spite of others. Ms. Lovato, herself, took those "Skyscraper" lyrics to heart in facing her own demons, and as she shared in a new interview with Refinery 29, Lovato returned to the spotlight a year later with a new, more positive outlook on life.
"I surround myself with people that are beneficial in my recovery and my recovery is still a daily battle and I definitely hang out with people that support me in making the right decisions," Lovato said. "I'm a happier and healthier person today because of the choices I've made."
Her recovery didn't come without a cost. Demi shared that parties are now a no-no, because they're her biggest triggers. Demi acknowledges that some recovering addicts can attend parties and have a great time without falling off the wagon, but that's not the case for her. The "Skyscraper" singer says she knows her limits and going to parties is definitely one of them.
Demi spent time in a sober living community to help her strengthen her defenses and learn to better handle her urges. Now, she says she's well on her way toward a successful recovery, though Lovato admits there are still some bad days.
"You can't just take your mind and your body into the shop and get it fixed. It doesn't come out repaired. It's not like a car," says Demi Lovato. "It takes time—pace yourself. Every day is a new opportunity to change your life and be who you want to be."
Her five years of sobriety has seen many changes in Demi's life, including a new sound in her music and the release of her fourth studio album, simply titled Demi. Amid her struggles and triumphs, successes and failures, Demi Lovato continues to thrive and to be an inspiration for all who take the time to know her story.
[Featured Image by Cindy Ord/Getty Images]


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In this week's edition of "swift celebrity engagements," an actor and an art dealer have decided to make things official after nine months of dating. Yep, that's right. Jennifer Lawrence and Cooke Maroney's relationship timeline may only go back about nine or 10 months max, but hey — when you know, you know. Good for them.
Lawrence and Maroney have been super private about their relationship ever since they reportedly started dating last June. Neither one of them has publicly spoken about the other to the press, and paparazzi photos of the pair are few and far between.
Of those few and far between photos, though, it's abundantly clear in almost every single one that Lawrence and Maroney are totally smitten. If they're not holding hands, they're both beaming from ear-to-ear. Actually, in most pics they're holding hands *and* beaming from ear-to-ear. Or laughing. Or looking deeply into each other's eyes. Or acting like they're the only two people on earth. Ahh, romance.
Some people might say that they appear so happy because they're still in the "honeymoon phase" of their relationship. While that may be the case, now that they're engaged, they might as well ride the honeymoon phase straight on out through their actual post-wedding honeymoon. Until then, here are some of the couple's most memorable moments.
In early June 2018, an unnamed source told Page Six that Lawrence and Maroney had quietly started dating after being introduced by a friend. "They met through Jen's friend Laura [Simpson]," the source claimed to to the publication. "The relationship has been going on a few weeks. But they have been very private and careful not to be seen together."
Over the next several months, the two would occasionally be seen walking arm-in-arm or hand-in-hand all around New York City. In late June, Lawrence and Maroney were photographed having a romantic candle-lit dinner at an Italian restaurant and wine bar, after which a source told E! News that they looked like they were "totally into each other."
In August — shortly before Lawrence's 28th birthday — she and Maroney jetted off to the City of Lights. A source told People that they "seemed happy, occasionally holding hands," and spent most of their time "walking together."
Shortly thereafter, the pair headed to Rome, where E! News confirmed that they visited the Galleria Borghese, the Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri church, the ancient Baths of Diocletian, and the Villa Borghese gardens.
At the end of September, Lawrence took Maroney to the New York Film Festival premiere of The Favourite, which just happened to star her best friend — Emma Stone — and her ex-boyfriend — Nicholas Hoult — People reported. Sound awkward? Not for Lawrence.
While it's unclear if Maroney ever actually met her ex — or Stone, for that matter — over the course the evening, it'd probably be a pretty cordial introduction. During an interview on the WTF with Marc Maron podcast back in February 2018, Lawrence admitted, "I'm friends with all my exes," and noted that "Nick [Hoult] was a great boyfriend."
After the holidays, Lawrence and Maroney reportedly kicked the new year off in some brand new digs. A source for Us Weekly told the outlet in January that the couple had already moved in together, and that "things between them are very serious." The insider then added, "they definitely appear to be in it for the long haul."
On Feb. 5, Page Six first broke the news that Lawrence and Maroney had gotten engaged. A source told the outlet that Lawrence had recently been spotted wearing a "massive ring," after which the actor's rep reportedly confirmed their engagement to E! News.
"It was a giant rock," the source for Page Six added. "They seemed like they were celebrating and people were talking about it. The ring was very noticeable. They were sitting back in a corner. She was wearing a cute black dress with white polka dots." Pictures, please?
So, there you have it — Lawrence and Maroney's short, yet sweet relationship timeline. Now let's see that ring.


text:
Super sleuthing minds
Posted by Teri Nehrenz | Jan 9, 2020 | Community, Entertainment, Top Stories | 0
Get ready to spend the "Evening with Sherlock Holmes." The Virgin Valley Theatre Group is about to open the second show of the season on Friday, Jan. 31, 7 p.m. at the Mesquite Community Theatre, 150 N. Yucca St.
Three separate stories await your sleuthing minds; come see if you can solve these mysteries along with super sleuth Sherlock Holmes (Travis Diagle), Dr. Watson (Chad Calmelat) and Inspector Lestrade (Miriam Samuels).
An Evening with Sherlock Holmes was not written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle but by author Jules Tasca. You're sure to enjoy the same mystery flavor Doyle has been known for but Tasca gives you a surprising twist of fate ending you won't want to miss.
According to Dramatist Play Services, "An Evening with Sherlock Holmes presents a unique evening of mystery.
The triad of one act plays begins with The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor, the tale of a British aristocrat, Sir Robert, who marries an American millionaire because his family fortune has run out. However, on the wedding day, his young American wife, Hatty Doran, disappears. Sir Robert immediately calls on Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson to uncover the mystery of what has happened to Hatty. A happy ending ensues for Hatty but, alas, not for Sir Robert.
The second piece, The Milverton Adventure, pits Holmes and Watson against a nefarious blackmailer, Charles Milverton, who is blackmailing one of Holmes' clients, a woman who wrote several damning letters to a former lover that could, if revealed, destroy her impending marriage to the Earl of Dovercourt. In his effort to save his client, Holmes plans a radical solution: burgling Milverton's house and retrieving the damning correspondence. On the night of the burglary, however, Holmes' and Watson's attempt is interrupted by an unforeseen incident. Another woman, whose life has already been destroyed by Milverton's blackmailing schemes, intrudes and fatally shoots the blackmailer. Do they turn the woman who murdered Milverton into the police or not?
It is the original concluding play, The Disappearance of Adam, that makes this evening with Holmes unique.
In this mind-boggling play, Holmes must solve one of the existential mysteries. With its theme of life and death, the great detective, the super sleuth of innumerable cases, must solve the riddle that has puzzled the most brilliant minds in history! How does a person cope with his or her own demise? Does Holmes solve this case? Yes and no. A not-to-be-missed climax!"
Additional performances will be Feb. 1, 7, 8, 14 and 15 at 7 p.m. and Feb. 2 and 9 at 2 p.m.
For ticket information go online to mctnv.com/tickets or you can purchase in person at the Mesquite Fine Arts Center, 15 W. Mesquite Blvd. or the Mesquite Community Theatre box office one hour before showtimes.
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Do you read speculative poetry? Wait, before you answer that, let me ask: do you read poetry? April is National Poetry Month, after all. And if you're not a regular poem reader you'll probably read at least one sometime this month.
I am guilty of the crime of neglecting poetry most of the year. There are few poets I truly love and few poems I can recall well enough to label a "favorite." All that before we even get to poetry written for the science fiction and fantasy-loving audience.
Which brings me back to: how many of you read speculative poetry? Do you even know where to find it? Do you have a favorite poet or poem?
I ask because I'm thinking about dedicating a couple of columns to speculative poetry this month. And I'm open to suggestions, recommendations, and advice on where to find the best stuff. Scroll on down to the comments and talk to me about which Calliope-inspired persons and markets I should check out.
I heard their lecherous murmurs inside the box.
Though I don't read poetry often, most of the poems I've read in the past few years are by McClellan, and that's because she's amazing. This one is a spin on an Andersen tale, The Steadfast Tin Soldier. Spoiler: the soldier isn't the hero.
In an old time in an old country there lived a king whose daughters were all beautiful and all unlucky. To be beautiful in this country was to be noticed by men; for this reason the girls were unlucky. It is lucky for a woman not to be noticed. In this country, women prayed to secret gods to let them be forgotten. They prayed with their faces to the floor.
It was the king's youngest daughter who was the most unlucky. She was so beautiful that the sun itself noticed and fell in love with her, and never let its rays stray from her face for even a moment. She slept with her face jammed into a pillow and the coverlets over her head, but the sun could not let her sleep unnoticed, and every day it found her, and every day it woke her while everyone else was still asleep. Beauty is never private.
"Beauty belongs to everyone," the king told his daughters. "Beauty is a public good."
McClellan's poem reminded me of this piece. Not usually the kind of short story I feature here, but the resonance was so strong I decided to include it. If you haven't checked out Ortberg's "Children's Stories Made Horrific" you really, really should. These retellings don't subvert or re-imagine the tales, they strip away the subtleties and reveal the disturbing and horrific truth behind the message of these tales. Reading this is quite uncomfortable, but it's also necessary. I would read this to my daughter before the Grimm's version.
He carried the squirming animal to his—no, their, he had to remember that now, their—bedroom, struggling to avoid her sharp teeth. The oversized ring he had given her glimmered on her left front leg; she had spent most of the evening biting and licking at it, when she had not been growling. He had ordered the musicians to play louder, to cover up the noise, but the growls still lingered in his ears.
When he reached the room, he secured her chain to one end of the bed, and sat gingerly at the other end. The waxing moonlight flooded the bed, giving a silver sheen to her red and snowy fur.
"When you are a woman, I can remove the chain," he told the fox.
Sometimes princesses are made to sleep in beds with gross frogs, and sometimes princes are made to sleep in beds with bitey foxes. Which one has the worst of it? This poor prince is trapped by duty and story, even as he is not allowed to fully participate in the story spun around his purpose in life. I like that he's a pragmatic boy and that the fox is a quintessential fox.


*He's all better now! Thanks for your prayers.
That's good - he looked pretty miserable - lookin' pretty good, now. Cute.
I'm happy he's better now.
So glad he's looking and feeling better. Love the smiles! We've been having lots of giggle pills over here lately, helping to erase those tired, grumpy faces!
He looks so much better! This picture made me smile this morning.
Oh, how I want to kiss those cheeks. Love your blog.
aww so sweet! looks like he is feeling better.
What a relief! We love to see his smiling face again!