Planning ahead for your in Rosemead will make your job easier and safer to finish on time. When renting a dumpster in Rosemead, follow these tips to help you plan ahead.
Most cities or municipalities don't have many regulations regarding in Rosemead as long as you keep the dumpster entirely on your own property during the rental period. If you must position your container on the street in any way, you will probably have to get a license from the right building permit office in your town.
Most businesses in Rosemead will take care of procuring this license for you if you rent from them. Ensure that should you're planning to set the dumpster on the street, the organization has made the appropriate arrangements. You need to also guarantee that you get the license in a timely manner and at the right cost. In the event you believed the dumpster company was getting a license and they didn't, you will be the person who will need to pay the fine that is issued by the authorities.
You can place most kinds of debris into a in Rosemead. There are, nevertheless, some exclusions. For instance, you cannot put substances into a dumpster. That includes motor oil, paints, solvents, automotive fluids, pesticides, and cleaning agents. Electronic Equipment and batteries are also banned. If something presents an environmental hazard, you probably cannot place it in a dumpster. Get in touch with your rental business if you're uncertain.
Particular types of acceptable debris, nevertheless, may require additional fees. In case you plan to throw away used tires, mattresses, or appliances, you should request the rental business whether you need to pay another fee. Adding these to your dumpster may cost anywhere from $25 to $100, determined by the thing.
Paying a flat rate generally means that you just get to prevent any hidden fees and charges. Firms which do not charge flat fees may contain extra charges for basic services like dropping off the dumpster. Keep in mind, however, which you still may need to pay extra in case you need to include particular items and materials in the dumpster.
Having a flat rate also means you can prepare your payment in advance. This really is particularly useful when you need another person to make the payment for you. When you understand the exact quantity, you can compose a check ahead of time. Then, anyone can pay the rental business when its driver drops off the dumpster.
Dumpster leases are one of the most affordable means to remove waste and debris from a dwelling or commercial property. Still, it is necessary that you contemplate your choices to be sure you get the best price possible on your in Rosemead.
Asking companies for price quotes is among the simplest ways to be sure you get a great deal. After speaking to a number of businesses, you can compare the quotes to decide which one matches your needs at the lowest price. When getting quotes, make sure the companies include all the services which you will need. More than a few companies charge extra for services like drop off and pick up. They could additionally charge higher rates for removing specific types of stuff. By having them include all the fees in your quote, you can compare the prices accurately instead of becoming mislead by a rental business that hides additional costs.
5. Find out what services you get with your in Rosemead.
As with any service, it is almost always an excellent strategy to allow your dumpster as far ahead as you possibly can in order to ensure the dumpster will be available when you need it. Should you wait until the final minute, there's no promise the company will be able to fill your order.
Two or three days notice is generally sufficient to ensure your dumpster delivery on time. Remember the most active days have a tendency to be on Mondays and Fridays (surrounding the weekend), so if you can plan your project for the middle of the week, you have a increased opportunity of finding the dumpster you'll need.


text:
Business, international
Abstracts » Business, international
Taiwan's approval of direct shipping to China is seen having little impact now, big potential
Taiwan's recent decision to allow foreign shipping lines to sail directly between the Chinese mainland and the port of Kaohsiung will not have a significant impact on its trade with China in the short term. Shippers say the move, made in support of Taiwan's efforts to become a regional shipping center and ultimately to pave the way for direct trade ties with China, will affect less than 1% of current business. The long-term impact of the new policy, however, is expected to be considerable.
Author: Chang, Leslie
Publisher: Dow Jones & Company, Inc.
Publication Name: The Asian Wall Street Journal Weekly
Subject: Business, international
Administration of General Economic Programs, Transportation Programs, Trade Relations, Economic aspects, International economic relations, Transportation policy, Trade policy
China loyalists say Lee's proposal to visit mainland lacks substance
Pro-Beijing commentators have dismissed Taiwanese Pres. Lee Teng-hui's offer to visit the Chinese mainland as an empty gesture. They criticized Lee for his failure to back up his conciliatory words with more concrete measures. The Chinese government has long insisted that Taiwan abandon its efforts to increase its diplomatic profile in the world community and not merely state its commitment to reunification with the mainland.
Author: Chen, Kathy, Chang, Leslie
Analysis, Chinese reunification question, 1949-
Taiwan shippers aren't likely to profit much from direct sailing to mainland
The Taiwanese government's new rule allowing ships to sail directly from the country to mainland China is not expected to boost Taiwanese shipping stocks. The rule does not promise considerable profits for the bottom line of Taiwanese-listed shipping companies for the near future. Taiwanese shipping companies may even be disadvantaged by the lower costs offered by their Chinese counterparts.
Water Transport Route Regulatn, International aspects, Transportation law
Subjects list: Taiwan, China, Chinese foreign relations, Chinese (Taiwan) foreign relations, Shipping industry, Marine transportation
Abstracts: Taiwan's China Airlines goes all out to improve safety, recast its image. With opposition out of the way, Tan begins to reshape PAL in his image
Abstracts: India rejects plan by Tata and SIA to start airline. Singapore Airlines' huge aircraft order boosts Boeing's position in Asian market
Abstracts: Taiwan approves market-opening plan. Taiwan's move to widen foreign access to market may be its last for some time

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Micro-enterprises not household names but can have big impact on job growth
SCSBCC Interns
Linda Goulart, owner of The Pampered Sole, changed professions when she realized she wanted to be more closely involved in helping people in her career.
She opened her business in 2006 with about $4,000 in savings after training as a massage
therapist at Greenville Technical College. She does recreational massage as well as therapeutic healing massage.
"A time comes when you think about where your life is going," she said. "I decided I wanted to help people more" directly than she was doing as an electronics technician.
Goulart, whose office is inside another business, currently works with a varying number of contract employees, often only one or two. But "my goal is to make this a franchise some day," she said.
She is one of the vast majority of businesses in the state considered micro-enterprises.
If every such business, ranging from sole proprietors to companies with up to four employees, were to add just one employee, South Carolina's unemployment rate could be cut by about 45
percent, according to Frank Knapp, president and chief executive of the state Small Business Chamber of Commerce.
The corporate names South Carolinians recognize are companies like BMW, Michelin, General Electric and Boeing — but the vast majority of companies in South Carolina and the
nation are those whose names are known by few. But those small companies are vital to the state and national economy.
Micro-enterprises, tiny businesses starting with $35,000 or less in initial funding, make up nearly 87 percent of the commercial community in South Carolina, Knapp said. And they can be found in every single county in South Carolina.
This type of business also is vital to the United States as a whole. Experts estimate that up to 10 million micro-entrepreneurs exist in the country today. These business owners from all walks of life want to start a business, supplement their income or continue to run a business. Theservices they offer range from car repair to day care, and the products they make range from specialty
foods to clothing.
"Micro-enterprises are the key to our state's and nation's economic recovery and sustainable growth," Knapp said. While many of them don't want to grow to be huge, they often would like to add one or two additional employees.
These businesses are of major importance to the state's economy, said Rep. Kenneth Hodges, a Democrat from Colleton County and also a micro-business owner.
"I have been fascinated by micro-enterprise for a number of years," he said, adding he saw the concept at work on mission trips to Africa. "I saw the tremendous impact they were making
in under-developed nations." But they're also part of developed nations. While South Carolina rural areas without much industry are a target, micro-businesses thrive in all areas, Hodges said. As the "buy local, buy small" drive becomes stronger, it is likely to support micro-businesses, which usually serve niche markets.
Knapp and Hodges said many micro-businesses want to grow. The difficulty, Knapp said, is the lack of access to capital and the need for technical assistance. It's always been hard for a small business to borrow $15,000 or so, but in the past, they could use their house for collateral. Now that often isn't allowed and even their credit cards are more restricted.
"It's a very challenging situation in South Carolina," said Dave Mueller, executive director of Appalachian Development Corp., a lender of gap funds and micro-loans primarily in the Upstate. "It has been for a number of years. It's a niche area of lending."
But if the state's microbusinesses could be helped to hire one person each — with perhaps a refundable tax credit — that could create about 90,000 additional jobs, Knapp said in a recent blog. And that could drop to unemployment rate to about 5.4 percent from its current
level. Debra Wright, owner of Debra's Hair Studio in Greenwood, said she has begun offering trichology services — help with hair and scalp disorders — as well as her stylist services. She is in the midst of trichology training and will complete the two-year course and become certified by the middle of 2012.
Because she has begun to offer some trichology services, she said she expects to hire a second person in her salon by October of this year.
Wright has been in business for herself for the past 14 years and has been a hair stylist for 24 years. She said she began renting space in a salon before going out on her own.
"This is what I would recommend to everyone," she said, adding that opening a salon could easily take $20,000 to $25,000. Business owners also need to establish relationships with local bankers to have a chance of borrowing funds, she said.
Residents don't realize how important the creation of a single job can be, Hodges said.
"Every time they create a job, that's one more," he said. "It's much easier for 2,000
businesses to hire one person each than for one company to hire 2,000 people."
This type of hiring, Knapp said, would be a help for the entire state — even the rural areas that have little hope of luring a major industry.
"All they have is their own small businesses," Knapp said. "We should help them grow those businesses."
That takes more than just money, Mueller said.
"Technical assistance is paramount to the successful micro-business," he said. If a business comes to Appalachian Development for a loan and doesn't have a couple of years of running the business profitably, loan officers check their entrepreneurial knowledge. If they need help, they recommend available resources — before any money changes hands.
"I want to get repaid and lend that money to the next company," he said.
To raise awareness of the micro-businesses, the General Assembly passed Hodges-introduced legislation that makes June Micro- enterprise Month, to "shine the spotlight" on these businesses, their impact and their needs.
Also, he introduced legislation that set up a study committee that is looking at the micro-businesses in the state, their economic impact, the available resources and ways to make it easier for the businesses to tap the resources out there. A study report is due in January.
Goulart said she expects to move out on her own to a location near the Swamp Rabbit Trail within the next four or five years.
Massage therapy is "a growing business," she said, adding that "Greenville is a great spot for small businesses." When she decided to change professions and become a business owner, she decided she would do it without borrowing money.
"The money I make, I put back in the business," she said, adding that growth is slower but she doesn't have to fear debt. "It's really not the money. It's what you love."


text:
St Teresa's Bulletin 30-05-21
May 28, 2021 /by Barbara Morgan
https://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Partnership-Bulletins.jpg 140 287 Barbara Morgan http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg Barbara Morgan2021-05-28 11:20:392021-05-28 11:20:39St Teresa's Bulletin 30-05-21
St William's Bulletin 23-05-21
Please click to read or download
https://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Partnership-Bulletins.jpg 140 287 Barbara Morgan http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg Barbara Morgan2021-05-28 11:14:152021-05-28 11:14:15St William's Bulletin 23-05-21
Bulletins, News
Bulletin 30th May 2021
https://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Screen-Shot-2016-04-28-at-21.48.32.png 335 378 Barbara Morgan http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg Barbara Morgan2021-05-28 11:03:362021-05-28 11:03:36Bulletin 30th May 2021
St Osmund's Bulletin 30-05-21
https://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Partnership-Bulletins.jpg 140 287 Barbara Morgan http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg Barbara Morgan2021-05-28 09:59:422021-05-28 09:59:42St Osmund's Bulletin 30-05-21
Bulletin 23rd May 2021
https://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Screen-Shot-2016-04-28-at-21.48.32.png 335 378 Barbara Morgan http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg Barbara Morgan2021-05-21 11:42:272021-05-21 11:42:27Bulletin 23rd May 2021
St Thomas' & Holy Family Bulletin 16-05-21
http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg 0 0 Barbara Morgan http://www.staugustineschurch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Web_Logo-1-300x141.jpg Barbara Morgan2021-05-18 09:52:442021-05-18 09:52:44St Thomas' & Holy Family Bulletin 16-05-21


text:
Polyplax biseriata – gatunek wszy z rodziny Polyplacidae. Powoduje wszawicę. Pasożytuje na drobnych gryzoniach z rodzaju gołostópek z podrodziny myszoskoczek takich jak: Tatera afra, Tatera leucogaster, Tatera brantsii, Tatera boehmi, Tatera valida.

Samica wielkości 1,3 mm, samiec mniejszy osiąga wielkość 1,1 mm. Anteny wykazują dymorfizm płciowy. U samców bazowy segment anteny powiększony, zaś trzeci segment znacznie zmodyfikowany w stosunku do trzeciego segmentu u samicy.  Wszy te mają ciało silnie spłaszczone grzbietowo-brzusznie. Samica składa jaja zwane gnidami, które są mocowane specjalnym "cementem" u nasady włosa. Rozwój osobniczy trwa po wykluciu się z jaja około 14 dni. Występuje na terenie Afryki w Kenii, Mozambiku, Botswanie.

Bibliografia
 Ferris G.F., Contributions towards a monograph of the sucking lice Part IV, Stanford University Publications, University Series, Biological Sciences, 1923, 4,
 Ferris G.F., The sucking lice, Memoirs of the Pacific Coast Entomological Society, 1951, 1, 1-320.

Zobacz też
 wszawica

Polyplacidae
Wszy i wszoły Afryki
Gatunki i podgatunki zwierząt nazwane w 1923 roku

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
9781934874509-ch2
Cutthroat Trout: Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy
Species Conceptualization and Delimitation: A Framework for the Taxonomic Revision of Cutthr
Sierra M. Love Stowell, Jessica L. Metcalf, Douglas F. Markle, and Andrew P. Martin
doi: https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874509.ch2
Abstract.—One objective of systematics is to recognize species in a manner that minimizes the disparity between species as real entities in nature and species as a Linnaean category. Reconciliation requires a conceptualization of species consistent with evolutionary processes that yields predictive delimitation criteria. Here we review the unified species concept (USC) and its associated delimitation criteria as a prelude to revising the taxonomy of Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii. Additionally, in the context of the conceptualizing species as a separately evolving metapopulation, we briefly review how climate change may have influenced the connectivity and isolation of Cutthroat Trout within and among river basins, with a focus mainly on the Cutthroat Trout of the Southern Rocky Mountains. We summarize evidence based on delimitation criteria that distinguishes Rainbow Trout O. mykiss and Cutthroat Trout, Gila Trout O. gilae and Rainbow Trout, and blue lineage and green lineage Cutthroat Trout from the Southern Rocky Mountains. We advocate adopting the USC as a guide for taxonomic revision of Cutthroat Trout, recommend eliminating subspecies as a valid taxonomic designation, and expect—based on our evaluation of three pairs of species—that the taxonomy of Cutthroat Trout will be revised in ways that elevate some recognized subspecies to species status.


Manufacturing is a competitive business, and for those who are just starting out, trying to line up the right equipment, software, and expertise to make your project come to life can seem daunting. Especially in the planning and prototyping stages, troubleshooting product models and digital blueprints is important, but the equipment required to do so can be expensive. While you may need to purchase a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) once you begin production, in the early stages what you really need is expert help.
Getting precise, scientific measurements for new parts is a vital part of the prototyping process, but not every new manufacturing business needs to purchase its own coordinate measurement machines — if you are simply looking for a measuring service that will allow you to determine whether a particular part matches blueprint specifications, it makes more sense to simply contract the work out to a metrology shop.
Because metrology shops are equipped with a wide range of different CMMs, you can find the tool that is exactly right for your job. In many cases, metrology service providers can even offer on-site measurement solutions using portable CMMs like white light scanners or ROMER Arms.
No matter what you product you are developing, building good working prototypes is a complicated process. You may start with an electronic CAD model, produce parts and assemble working models based on the blueprint, and then make physical changes to the model based on practical needs. When equipped with the latest software, CMMs can reverse engineer sophisticated CAD models based on the physical model, which makes it easier than ever before to move back and forth between manually altered prototypes and digital blueprints.
Because providers like Mississauga, Ontario's Canadian Measurement-Metrology are equipped with the latest CMM software, contracting their services means you don't need to worry about purchasing the latest cutting-edge CMM programs — you can simply have the reverse-engineering done by their in-house metrology experts.
In order to provide detailed measurement, CMMs need to be programmed to follow specific part programs that will allow them to assemble the raw data into a usable electronic model. If you are at the point in development where you have your own CMM and are ready to start testing for quality control, you will need to have CMM routines written specifically for those parts.
Write programs for new parts is sensitive work, and if it is not done properly it can lead create serious errors in oversight, which is one of the reasons many new manufacturers often rely on contract programmers who specialize in metrology to write new part programs for their CMMs.
Few experiences are as exciting or anxiety inducing as developing and launching a new product you have seen grow from a sketch on a notepad to an object you can hold in your hand. Getting it right often requires a painstaking attention to detail, and the awareness that even small errors can mean the difference between success and failure. In these critical early stages, using metrology services to ensure that your work is as accurate and finely tuned as possible can help you save money and time without compromising your commitment to quality.


The explosive growth of Mt. Juliet has led the school board to approve 107 million dollars to build a new high school. Right now, Mt Juliet High is way over capacity, and more families keep coming. Lebanon High and Wilson County High are also filled. Some are questioning where they're going to build the new school for the county.
The plan is to build near the corner of Lebanon Road and North Greenhill in Mt. Juliet. The business of that section of road, and the VERY hilly terrain has many scratching their heads. Others said a new school near Highway 109 and the bypass might be a better fit for where the community is growing.
The commission also said yes to putting a referendum on the November ballot to raise the sales tax from 9.25 cents to 9.75 cents, to pay for the school. But the commission was quick to point out that the school would be built even if the tax is voted down.


Jake focuses on investments in both the consumer and enterprise space. He also leads 8VC's logistics and transportation focus.
Jake is serial entrepreneur who has spent his life building and scaling companies. He co-founded Humin (Acq. Tinder/IAC), a consumer mobile software company where he focused on building the engineering team, product distribution, and new market expansion/partnerships. Jake also co-founded the Kairos Society, the largest and most recognized global network of entrepreneurs under the age of 25, where he sits on the Board of Directors. While in college, he founded Solé Bicycle Co. and grew it into an industry leader. Jake serves as an advisor and board member to a handful of companies.
Jake received a degree in Entrepreneurship from USC where he frequently lectures on entrepreneurship and technology.


text:
Uffe Jensen (født i 1960) er kommunalpolitiker og borgmester i Odder Kommune, valgt i perioden 2014-17 for Venstre.

Borgmestre fra Venstre
Borgmestre i Danmark 2018-2021


Winds whirl through dry, dusty lands.
I know I am dying, she says.
Still, I can feel your desire.
Let your need for climbing end here, with me.
Let me be a bridge unto you.
I am not for crossing over.
I am not a bridge between your life and longings.
Slowly, make your way to me.
Curves and slides without deference to vertical or horizontal.
Her limbs entwining my limbs.
She waits for my consent.
Pressing without pressing, sliding without sliding.
She opens and fills spaces unbeknown.
Only the warm, swift rush of time given…and time lost.
She knows my heart. She is my heart.
On this bed of earth.
Rest your body everywhere in my body.
is this tallen tree in the monsignor patrick smith park, santa fe NM?
This tree fell some 12 years ago in Coyote by a small stream that runs through my property. The beavers had gotten to its old, protruding roots. The tree is down but still flourishing, small trees springing up all around it. It lives on both sides of the stream. I still sit in it now and again.
This morning i showed my guests this tree, that years ago, had fallen, just when, in my like, i too had fallen. The tree remains alive. It's lying down over a small stream, but it's once horizontal branches are growing up, vertically, like trees. New cottonwood trees have sprouted up all around it. Together, we all still growing. She knows my heart. She is my heart.


text:
Q: What's my best avenue for creating an NSMutableArray that has a max size and remove items when more are added? Basically, I want to have an NSMutableArray, but only allow it to have 5 items. If I add a sixth, the oldest item in the array gets removed.
Would I be best off just subclassing NSMutableArray and checking this in addObject then using removeObjectsInRange or is there a better solution?

A: If you want to be strictly time ordered from newest to oldest, then a concise way is to add like this. (without need to subclass, just always add this way)...
- (void)fifoAddObject:(id)object {
    // self.queue is a mutable array
    [self.queue insertObject:object atIndex:0];
    if (self.queue.count > MAX_ALLOWED_COUNT) [self.queue removeLastObject];
}

A: It seems that you may need a queue (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queue_(abstract_data_type)
You can find possible implementation here
How do I make and use a Queue in Objective-C?
(it uses MRC. You will need to remove all "retain" and "autorelease" if you are using MRC)

A: Here's how I would do it.
Create a queue. In that queue, all you do is

*

*Check the size of the array

*if equal to 5, remove and add the current one

*else just add the object

Then everywhere in your code when you want to add an object to the array, you just add the object to the queue.
This way, you have some kind of locking method, where only one person is trying to add and remove objects from the array, so you can check size before doing any of this.
good luck!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Plant biologist and Head of the Plant Sciences Division at the ANU Research School of Biology, Professor Owen Atkin, has been named the 2019 Vice-Chancellor's Entrepreneurial Fellow for his work around entrepreneurial agri-technology.
Over the past 18 months, Professor Atkin has worked to bring ANU and AgriTech companies closer together to foster industry collaboration in the area of crop sustainability as a result of a changing climate.
Professor Atkin also heads his own research lab, the Atkin Group within the School. The lab focuses on understanding the interplay between plant and environmental variation. The lab's research plays a key role in the broader work of the Australian Research Council's Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology.
"I am excited, and honoured, to have been appointed a VC Entrepreneurial Fellow to help create a vibrant agri-tech ecosystem at the ANU," Professor Atkin said.
Professor Atkin attended the first public lecture of Professor Genevieve Bell, the inaugural VC's Entrepreneurial Fellow, where she outlined the challenges and opportunities of a data-driven world and how, through her work, she could lead a program that will help society understand and prepare for the changes that a data-centric world would bring.
"Her inspiring seminar was a fantastic example of how a leadership position can be used to create meaningful and lasting change in society," he said.
In August 2018, Professor Atkin helped launch the Centre for Entrepreneurial Agri-Technology – a joint initiative between ANU, CSIRO and the ACT Government.
A feature of the Centre is to link the University's staff and students with industry to build relationships, co-develop ideas and solve problems with the help of several agri-tech start-ups, and small and medium-sized firms.
Professor Atkin will work with the Centre's newly appointed Director, Dr Mary Kelly, to develop an expanded, ANU-led academic research and innovation program that feeds into the Centre's industry-oriented goals.
"I see exciting opportunities to bring together diverse capabilities across ANU and apply them to technology-based challenges of national significance to agriculture," he said.
Aside from the formal aspects of the role, Professor Atkin says the Entrepreneurial Fellowship will also help him join experts with different skill sets – from biology, environmental science, computing and engineering – together to tackle issues related to a changing climate impacting our environment.
"There is also a need to show our young researchers how their skills can be used in an industry context, and that there are jobs for them outside of academia," he said.
Director of the ANU Research School of Biology, Professor Allen Rodrigo, congratulated Professor Atkin on his achievement.
"Owen has always demonstrated tremendous drive to achieve his vision," said Professor Rodrigo.
ANU Vice-Chancellor Professor Brian Schmidt said Professor Atkin's work involving the Centre not only brought ANU and the private sector closer together, but multiple schools within ANU as well.
"Professor Atkin's work in this area is exemplary. The fact that he helped to drive the establishment of the Centre for Entrepreneurial Agri-Technology is something which we are very proud of and has helped put ANU front and centre in AgriTechnology," said Professor Schmidt.


NOBLAZE NNT is an efficient cyclic ester phosphate flame retardant and it is specially formulated for polyester. It is non-corrosive with high phosphorus content and excellent water solubility.
Octabromodiphenyl ether is a brominated flame retardant which belongs to the group of polybrominated diphenyl ethers.It is used in conjunction with antimony trioxide as a flame retardant in the housings of electrical and electronic equipment, mainly in the plastic acrylonitrile butadiene styrene.
Octoguard FR-01 is an aqueous dispersion of a flame-retardant bromine additive intended for direct addition to water-based polymer compounds, e.g., latex adhesives, binders, coatings, and foams.
Octoguard FR-10 is an excellent and economical flame retardant dispersion intended for direct addition to water-based polymer compounds, eg., latex adhesives, binders, coatings, and foams.
Octoguard FR-15 is an excellent and economical flame retardant dispersion intended for direct addition to water-based polymer compounds, eg., latex adhesives, binders, coatings, and foams.
Paraffin is used in fuels,Paints, Pigments, Dyes and Inks,Rubber,Medicine etc.
Phenoxy-terminated Carbonate Oligomer of Tetrabromobispenol A is a brominated aromatic flame retardant for thermoplastic resin systems and rubber.
Piperazine pyrophosphate has high purity and provides a flame retardant composition exhibiting excellent flame retardancy. Piperazine pyrophosphate produced as a precipitate by reacting piperazine (anhydride) with sodium pyrophosphate (anhydride) in an aqueous solution, followed by treatment with a hydrochloric acid.
RUCO-COAT FR 2200 is pigment-free, antimony-free and halogen-free flame-retardant.
RUCO-COAT FR 2250 is an antimony and halogen-free flame retardant additive for coatings.


@1stVermont: I'm not sure what you mean by interacting with me multiple forums (or did you mean threads?). In recent years, my online writing is only here and on wikipedia, and, while I'd love to see you put your energy into writing on wikipedia (and would be happy to help you or anyone here get started there), I'm pretty sure I've never run into you on that site (if I'm wrong, I don't know how you know my username there, but feel free to PM me your username).
Thanks for the kind words and offer to help. I have been encouraged to start a website [with offer to do it for me even] and also to put my stuff on a website. If i were to do that i must first properly edit and reference my material. That would be allot of work at this point in my life. When the kids are out of the house that is something i may get into down the line. But I am just happy know to be digging into the military aspects again, my true love. For example my next interest I have been working on and will post here on the forum if i am allowed. Is that George McClellan was the most underrated general of the war. I know it sounds crazy, just first read it when I post. I would love your analysis when I do.
1stvermont wrote: Thanks for the kind words and offer to help. I have been encouraged to start a website [with offer to do it for me even] and also to put my stuff on a website. If i were to do that i must first properly edit and reference my material. That would be allot of work at this point in my life. When the kids are out of the house that is something i may get into down the line. But I am just happy know to be digging into the military aspects again, my true love. For example my next interest I have been working on and will post here on the forum if i am allowed. Is that George McClellan was the most underrated general of the war. I know it sounds crazy, just first read it when I post. I would love your analysis when I do.
I look forward to a discussion of McClellan's Military capability. Just no politics, OK?


I love crafting for Valentine's Day! And these colorful treat bags are easy to make and fun to fill with candy or little gifts. These bags are made with handy household materials and can be decorated with an assortment of washi tape, stickers, stamps, and glitter. Perfect to give to your special valentine or to make for everyone in your child's class, these bags can be torn open to release the special treats inside! I hope your readers enjoy this project idea! See the full tutorial here.


AN ACT APPROVING THE EXPENDITURE OF GENERAL FUNDS AND SPECIAL FUNDS FOR THE PURPOSE OF DEFRAYING THE EXPENSES OF THE PAT HARRISON WATERWAY DISTRICT FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1998 AND 1999.
SECTION 1. The following sum, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby authorized and approved for expenditure out of any funds which are received by or otherwise become available to the Pat Harrison Waterway District, for the purpose of defraying the expenses of the district for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1998, and ending June 30, 1999	$ 4,151,088.00.
SECTION 3. The funds herein approved for expenditure, except and less an amount approved by the State Fiscal Officer which shall be sufficient to cover disbursements for current operations, shall be deposited at interest with any official depository of the state at a rate of interest numerically not less than one percent (1%) below the bank discount rate on United States Treasury bills of comparable maturity as determined by the State Treasurer.


magazine media design. lightweight. breezy and loose. great for a hot summer and perfect to wear under a camisole or tank top. pairs great with jean shorts.
Sleeves say love me ..never worn very nice..bow tied down in back.. Very nice to small for me.
Charlotte Russe Yellow Wrap Top. Size Small. Thicker, soft material. Pre owned condition.
Only worn once. Gold and white fringe top. Built in white Crop top underneath. Gold zipper in the back. Size small.


It is newly independent in Nigeria. The story begins as the houseboy Ugwu is being taken by his aunt to his new master Odenigbo, a lecturer in mathematics at Nsukka University. He quickly fits into Odenigbo's household and is witness to the middle class existence in the house. Odenigbo's house is the favourite of argumentative lecturers who meet every evening over glass of wine and bottle of beer to discuss the state of affairs in their newly independent country. Among these lecturers is the remarkable poet Okeoma, modeled along the lines of the late Nigerian Poet Christopher Okigbo. It is a happy time for the characters, with hopes high for the newly independent country. Odenigbo co-habits with his London-educated lecturer sweetheart Olanna who refuses to marry him comfortable with the independence allowed in her come-we-stay liaison with him. Before the eruption of the conflict, Chimamanda treats readers to a story of a normal family, with its share of ups and down, one instance of which is when Odenigbo out of the machinations of his mother sleeps with her companion from the village called Amala and gets her to conceive Odenigbo's only child Baby, an affair of which Olanna gets to learn and in retaliation sleeps with Richard, the white boyfriend of her twin sister Kainene.
As the family struggles with this crisis however, the nation is in a state of agitation. Igbo-phobia is rising and attacks against members of the tribe by their northern neighbours are on the rise. The recent turn of events is prompted by a political crisis emanating from the takeover of the country by military rulers led by Major Nzeogwu, an Igbo who did it ostensibly to clean the country's politics of corrupt civilian leaders. The deposed leaders incite their tribespeople against the Igbo and within no time, hatred against them turns into open violence. In fact Olanna barely escapes death and travels in a train full of Igbo escapees, one of whom carries a basket in which she has kept the severed head of her daughter. Olanna herself had gone to visit the family of her Uncle Mbaeza, but found the entire family wiped out by their neighbours. The massacres have ignited a mass exodus of Igbo from the north towards their home province of Enugu, where the Igbo secessionist General Ojukwu has declared the Republic of Biafra, with its flag emblazoned with half of a yellow sun.
The crisis sharply divides opinion among Odenigbo's companions, with some like Okeoma taking explicit positions and joining the side of Biafran secessionists. For a time, the secessionists put up a fight against General Yakubu Gowon's federalist forces. The federalists are however too strong for them, using all manner of arsenal against them among them aerial bombardment thus evicting the Igbo from some of their strongholds such as Nsukka. Odenigbo and his Igbo lecturer friends are forced out of the university and further into Enugu, where he joins the war effort as a junior officer in the War Manpower Directorate. It is a time for struggle as every means of punishment, including hunger and starvation is employed by the federalist government to compel the secessionists into submission. Richard, an Englishman who had taken the side of secessionists writes on the conflict, attempting to draw the international community's attention towards happenings in Biafra but does so with little success.
Eventually casualties are heavy on the side of the secessionists and they are forced into submission. One such heavy casualty is the death of the respected poet Okeoma. Despite the federalist announcement that there were no victors and losers, the secessionists are compelled into a federalist union they are ambivalent about. Crimes are committed against them, exemplified by a soldier's unnecessary cruelty against Odenigbo as he drives his family back to Nsukka at the end of the war. There are irreplaceable losses, among them the disappearance of Kainene who never returns from her journey to get supplies towards the end of the war. Ugwu, a lad whose schooling is disrupted by the fighting and who at one time is conscripted into the Biafran army is revealed as the writer of the story of Biafra whose excerpts are ubiquitous throughout the novel. The silence of the outside world is indicted for the crimes against Biafra which it did not condemn. Through the novel, Chimamanda is able to revive a story of conflict and crime against humanity that the Nigerian government would rather forget.
Okwaro Oscar Plato is an analyst with Gravio Africa . He is a columnist with The Nairobi Law Monthly.
Critical Writing is the analyses, summary and explanation of any literary material. its analysing any art work, literary work or musical work from the part of a well informed perspective. it can be positive, negative or neutral. The modern media writer is expected to produce different types of writing for different purposes and for different publication.
According to the critic of this work, he explained the plots, characters, its genre in literature, and other elements to consider in analysing critically. This critique is a good job, and it has passed through several stages of criticism.


text:
Daily Post Ghana
Alex Otti moves to dump APGA for APC as party crisis deepens
Chijindu Emeruwa
Following crisis that erupted in the Abia State chapter of the All Progressives Grand Alliance, there are confirmed reports that APGA gubernatorial flag bearer during 2019 general elections in Abia State, Alex Otti, had reportedly moved to dump the party for the All Progressives Congress, APC in the state.
This was even as the Abia leadership of the All Progressives Congress-led by its Chairman, Hon. Donatus Nwankpa, had confirmed that talks had been concluded and sealed for Alex Otti's official defection to the governing party in Nigeria.
Nwankpa said, "Yes, talks have been concluded, you can see the avalanche of defections of supporters, Otti's associates and some APGA members in Abia House of Assembly into the APGA. He has joined us, and we believe he will bring his wealth of experience towards further uplifting the party."
However, Otti explained that the alleged corrupt tendencies currently be witnessing in the party fold, coupled with series of protests by aspirants over extortion of monies by the State and National leadership, had completely doomed and destroyed APGA in Abia.
This was made known in a statement by Ferdinand Ekeoma, the Media Assistant to Otti, and made available to newsmen, Wednesday night.
Otti, whose prominent supporters and admirers had dumped APGA for APC recently, also advised that except something drastic is done to redeem the party; the forthcoming election in Anambra is already conceded.
The foremost economist, further decried the continued campaign of calumny against his person by disgruntled elements in the APGA, urging them to better channel it to the real challenges the party is dealing with.
He berated the ugly activities of a factional chairman of APGA in Abia State, Augustine Ehiemere, which he (Otti) claimed was a major reason the party lost during 2019 poll, as well as APGA members in Abia Assembly decamping to other political parties.
According to the statement by Otti's media Aide, entitled "Need for the Disgraced Former APGA Leadership to Mourn the Exit of Otti In Peace, which read partly, "the bitterness and frustration being exhibited by the conmen against Otti over his decision to leave the party is understandable, because finding a replacement for such a goldfish is a difficult task, especially when his presence affords them the opportunity to enjoy regular stipends from those who desire to hold Abia down.
"The mourning is understandable, but they should mourn honorably. We can assure these feeble minds in APGA that their voyage is doomed because they neither have the support of our people nor the anointing of APGA's founding fathers whose names were demeaned and desecrated through criminal extortion of innocent party men and women. The energy being dissipated to attack Alex Otti by some minions who were dependent on him should have been better channeled to the real challenges the party is dealing with."
Related Topics:alex ottiAPCAPGA
Court refuses to grant Okorocha's plea to stop EFCC, Imo panel probes
APC opts for indirect primary in Ondo, screens Akeredolu, 5 others
Plateau: Politicians, religious leaders sponsoring protests against Lalong – APC Chieftain
Ohanaeze Ndigbo: APGA NWC advises Obiozor
Okorocha reveals APC was hurriedly arranged, launches veiled attack on Buhari
A chieftain of the ruling All Progressive Congress (APC), Dr. Saleh Abduallahi Zazzaga, has accused opposition politicians and religious leaders in the state of sponsoring protests against the administration of Governor Simon Lalong to score cheap points.
Zazzaga disclosed this while speaking with journalists in Jos the Plateau State Capital, on the recent strike across the state by some local government workers over the non-implementation of the N30,000 minimum wage which led to the blocking of major roads across the state as well as the state secretariat.
He said investigations show that some persons in the state were the ones behind the protests.
He said they have also uncovered several plots by the instigators, planning more protests from various angles against Governor Lalong's administration.
He warned persons fueling such plans to desist as he and other APC stalwarts would not hesitate to name them and tell the public what their nefarious intentions are.
According to him, "Governor Lalong is reputed across the country as an outstanding governor who never plays with workers entitlements despite the economic challenges and the state's meagre resources.
"Governor Lalong is fondly referred to as 'Governor Alert', meaning workers get their credit alert for their salaries/entitlements as and when due.
"It is no secret that Governor Simon Lalong is an outstanding governor. It is because of his performance and developmental focus that he was selected the Chairman of the Northern Governors Forum, and he has diligently held that position and has been doing creditably well ever since.
"But some enemies of the state, as we have uncovered are hellbent in discrediting the administration and the good works of the governor, thereby instigating innocent people to embark on protest over what they have never cared to seek clarification on.
"Religious leaders and politicians of opposition parties are behind these unnecessary moves, and we on our part have resolved that should they perpetrate another of their game-plan, we will counter them, name them and also shame them. The Lalong's administration's scorecard is there for all to see, and we would henceforth not allow any mischief-maker to portray a different narrative to the public," he said.
He, however, urged politicians as well as religious leaders to be sincere and frank in their daily activities and not get involved in anything that will bring misgivings in the society, as this can lead to "misinformation, misunderstanding and violence".
He called for collaboration and understanding, saying that all hands should be on deck to move the state and the nation forward, saying there was no need for mischief in any sphere of life and that any mischief-maker who plots against someone out of unwarranted hatred will be rewarded accordingly.
2023: NNPP Chieftain, Bamgbose warns Tinubu not to contest presidency
John Owen Nwachukwu
Olusegun Bamgbose, Esq., a chieftain of the New Nigerian Peoples Party, NNPP, has advised a former Governor of Lagos State and national leader of the All Progressives Congress, APC, Bola Ahmed Tinubu against running in the 2023 presidential election.
Bamgbose noted that although Tinubu has not actually publicly made known his intention, his body language shows he is very much interested in throwing his hat in the ring.
Only recently, the Speakers of the Lagos Houses of Assembly, both past and incumbent, endorsed the former Governor, while there have been other endorsements in the recent past.
Bamgbose, who had since made his interest public, said it is strongly advisable for the Jagaban of Borgu to resist the attempt to contest.
"The fact remains that Tinubu could be said to be the most favoured politician in this century. He has been an unusual kingmaker," the senior lawyer said while addressing members of the NNPP in Aba, Abia State on Tuesday.
"I doubt if there is any politician that can match his records politically. He was Governor of Lagos State for eight years.
"After his tenure, he had the privilege to install Fashola who equally spent 8 uninterrupted years as Governor of Lagos State.
"After the tenure of Fashola, he was also privileged to install Ambode and even the present State Governor of Lagos State.
"Apart from installing Governors of some other South-West states, he also had the unparalleled favour of bringing on board the President of Nigeria, Mohammadu Buhari and the Vice President, Yemi Osinbajo.
"No politician in the history of Nigeria had had such historic privileges. The one million question begging for the answer then is,' what else does Tinubu still want' Believe you mean, God who has bestowed on him such uncommon favour, may not be pleased with him if he goes ahead to contest.
"The Lord has honoured and dignified him as a kingmaker, now he wants to become king, I seriously doubt if it will work out for him.
"The late MKO Abiola had a similar case and he couldn't make it. I'll therefore warn Tinubu with all sincerity not to displease God by making attempts to become the next President of Nigeria.
"I doubt if God will allow that. He should sit back and thank God for the uncommon privileges he has bestowed on him, rather than planning to be the next President of Nigeria. To before warned, is to before armed. A word is enough for the wise."
Copyright © Daily Post - Nigeria News


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If you're considering taking out a small-business loan, you have two options: a secured loan or an unsecured loan. A secured small-business loan is backed by some form of collateral. An unsecured small-business loan isn't backed by collateral. Simple, right? Not always.
Here are three terms you need to understand to better compare small-business loans.
Collateral is an asset that a borrower pledges to a lender to secure a loan. It can be a physical asset, such as a home, business real estate or equipment; or non-physical assets, including accounts receivable or cash in the bank. Most online lenders don't require physical collateral. Many do, however, take a lien on a business' assets — and that's a form of collateral, too, says Mitchell Weiss, an executive-in-residence at the University of Hartford's Barney School of Business.
A lien is a lender's way of legally enforcing its right to seize a borrower's business assets if the borrower hasn't repaid a loan. Many online lenders file Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) liens with state secretaries of state when a borrower first takes out a loan. If a business takes out multiple loans, the first lender to file a UCC lien has first priority over the business' assets. The second lender to file a UCC lien can't collect until the first lender removes its lien.
Lenders can file liens on specific assets, but many file blanket liens, which give them rights to any business assets necessary to recoup the unpaid loan. A business' assets can include real estate, equipment, accounts receivable, money in the bank, patents and even computer code, says Molly Otter, chief investment officer at Lighter Capital, an online revenue lender for technology companies.
A personal guarantee is a written agreement that a business owner signs, pledging his or her personal assets to repay a loan if the business entity can't. Personal assets can include an individual's home, car, cash and even retirement savings.
Personal guarantees alone don't secure a loan. However, if a lender has filed a UCC lien and has a borrower's personal guarantee, the lender has "an a la carte menu" of the borrower's personal and business assets, and can go after either to recoup an unpaid loan, says Kevin Hoult, an advisor at the Washington Small Business Development Center in Port Angeles, Washington.
3 Kabbage doesn't require a personal guarantee — but one is automatically triggered in the case of "willful misconduct, negligence or fraud," says Kabbage Chief Marketing Officer Victoria Treyger.
4 Kabbage files a UCC lien on a business account after a loan is delinquent with no repayment attempts for a period of time "based on the customer's specific situation," Treyger says.
As you're comparing small-business loans, ask lenders if they require a personal guarantee or collateral, and if they file a lien on your business' assets. You can always review loan agreements with a small-business advisor, such as the ones at your local Small Business Development Center or Score Association chapter, to ensure that you understand the business and personal assets you're putting at risk.
To compare your loan options, use NerdWallet's small-business loans page. We gauged lender trustworthiness and user experience, among other factors, and arranged them by categories that include your revenue and how long you've been in business.


For the over-40 set (you know who you are, the ones who can't read a menu in dim light), here comes the Panasonic Big Buttons cordless phone, left. It has buttons that light up and are considerably bigger than those on a standard cordless phone. And if your memory is going as well, this new version of the Panasonic Big Buttons has a handset locator. It's $99.95 at Lighthouse International, 111 East 59th Street, (212) 821-9200, or www.thelighthousecatalog.com.


Ivan & Niki tied the knot on a warm summers day at White Light. We loved Niki's personal touch to her wedding decor using natural tones mixed up with asymmetrical copper metallics. This colour scheme really worked fantastic in the open white space of White Light's reception hall. Niki made for such a beautiful bride and delighted our senses with her beautiful lace dress.
Ivan and the boys did not for one moment hold back with their dapper style with touches of tan leather and navy blue. The speeches was so beautiful with many happy tears shed… truly a heart felt evening with stories of finding true love. Thank you so much Niki and Ivan for sharing your beautiful day with us and letting us be part of your story.


Worldwide, we have more endangered languages and more threatened cultural traditions than endangered biological species and habitats. The concept of sustainable cultural systems goes hand-in-hand with the concept of sustainable ecological systems.
As a researcher, scholar, professor and practitioner I work in landscapes and seascapes with traditional and contemporary cultures throughout the world. My work investigates how human beliefs, knowledge systems, and cultural practices have co-evolved with the surrounding environment.
From a scientific viewpoint, the concept of biocultural diversity implies an interdisciplinary approach: to study cultures, one must also study the environment in which those cultures are based.
The links below provide more details about how we do this.
My name is Kevin Curran, I'm a biology professor at USD in San Diego, teaching Cell Biology and an Ethnobotany course called, Plants and People.
I'm reaching out because I stumbled onto your ethnobotany/Bio-diversity blog while I was researching various plant properties/uses.
I found your site very informative, so thanks!
I've recently put together a new ethnobotany website. On this site, I delve into the cultural history and health benefits of various medicinal plants. I also provide a mini-review of the latest clinical results that either support or refute the health claims of these plants.
I'd like to get some traction going for my website, so I was hoping you would include a link to my home page somewhere on your site.
Here's the link to my home page.
If you like, I can include a link to your site on the Resources page of my ethnobotany site.


text:
Love and Thunder is the fourth album by the American singer-songwriter Andrew Peterson, released in 2003.

Background
Peterson worked with Steve Hindalong, Derri Daugherty, in the production of this album. Essential Records released the album on February 25, 2003.

Musical style
Reviewing the album for CCM Magazine, Andy Argyrakis recognizes, "Since his debut in 2000, Andrew Peterson has become a treasured singer/songwriter whose textured folk stylings and delicate acoustics allow his storybook lyrics to come alive...Throughout such cuts and the six others, you'll find a supplementary smattering of placid acoustics, frolicking folk, bits of banjo-driven bluegrass and even some subtle strings, furthering the classic mood you've come to expect from this troubadour."

Critical reception

Awarding the album four and a half stars at Christianity Today, Russ Breimeier writes, "Give Love & Thunder your undivided attention for a truly rewarding Christian music experience." Tony Cummings, rating the album a nine out of ten for Cross Rhythms, says, " Pop radio it isn't but magnificent it is." Giving the album a four out of five from The Phantom Tollbooth, Brian A. Smith states, "This album is superior to Peterson's previous works and shows a developing maturity as a writer."

Ashleigh Kittle, indicating in a three star review by AllMusic, replies, "The album continues in Peterson's acoustic folk style, resembling both the work and the melancholy feel of Rich Mullins and Fernando Ortega." Signaling in a three out of five review at The Phantom Tollbooth, Matt Kilgore responds, "Peterson proves at several point in Love and Thunder that he still has some of the amazing songwriting ability which he has always had, but not as great as we have seen it."

Track listing

References

2003 albums
Andrew Peterson (musician) albums
Essential Records (Christian) albums


text:
Steph Curry's' antenna up 'after James Harden's blockbuster Nets' trade
January 14, 2021 Sacha Woodward
The Houston Rockets and Brooklyn Nets rocked the NBA scene on Wednesday when they were He reportedly agreed to a blockbuster The Quartet Trade that would send James Harden to the Eastern Conference.
"Informal Wednesday," Steve Curry said Wednesday night during an interview with Tim Roy at 95.7 The Game.
If the mega trade that also includes the Indiana Pacers and Cleveland Cavaliers is completed, Harden will reunite with his former Oklahoma City Thunder teammate Kevin Durant and team up with all-star goalkeeper Keri Irving – if he returns from his odd absence.
"So crazy," Carey said to Roya. "I know, in this league, nothing should surprise you and there have been a lot of bargains in the last four, five or six years. But it's crazy to know that when it does happen, the league scene changes instantly.
"And KD is clearly here with the team we had and now with Kyrie and James, it would be very exciting to watch that together."
Download and subscribe to the Dubs Talk Podcast
The NBA never fails to disappoint, with countless star-studded deals happening every year. On the day the NHL opened the 2021 season, the NBA stole their thunder.
"This league is pure entertainment and this kind of deal keeps interest at an all-time high," Curry said.
The Warriors and the Nets have a few things in common this season. Both teams have lofty goals, but it's all about the players getting together. That will determine how far either team will go in the NBA Qualifiers.
READ Lamar Jackson is hoping his first snowboarding match will not come on Saturday against Buffalo
Related: How Harden to Nets impacts the Warriors' playoff hopes
While Curry is focused on helping the Warriors get back into the post-season period, a recent seismic shift in the NBA caught his attention.
"Excited to watch it all the way, but obviously as a competitor, it's keeping your antenna on top," Curry said.
Sacha Woodward
"Wannabe writer. Lifelong problem solver. Gamer. Incurable web guru. Professional music lover."


> >> can this be fixed please?  A missing "#address-cells"
> >> property means "two cells", not "inherit from parent".
> No I can't, which is exactly why I cannot fix it myself.
> For PowerPC it is mostly the G3 PowerMacs I believe.
some testing with it if needs be.


The most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOC) from chestnut reproductive plant tissue (catkin, nut and bur) were identified with gas chromatography and mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). Two-choice behavioral bioassays were conducted with a Y-tube olfactometer using chestnut plant tissues (leaf, catkin, nut and bur) and individual VOC to assess the response of adult lesser chestnut weevil, Curculio sayi. Additionally, the electrophysiological response of the antennae of C. sayi adults towards both plant tissue and individual VOC from chestnut was examined using an electroantennogram (EAG). The behavioral bioassay and EAG data associated with chestnut plant tissue demonstrated that the insect does not respond directly to the sites of oviposition (nut tissue), but rather more strongly to the spiked bur encasing the nuts, the leaves, and the spring florescence (catkins). There were several differences between male and female responses to plant tissue and individual VOC, as well as significant differences between those insects collected in the spring compared to those from the fall season. A qualitative analysis of the reproductive organs of C. sayi adults revealed distinct differences in their development across the spring and fall seasons for both males and females.


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text:
Matthew Naylor 06 November 2018 https://www.fwi.co.uk
Opinion: Food for thought from West African adventure
Matthew Naylor 05 November 2018
© CHRISTIAN THOMPSON/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock
I'm bad at saying no to things. This is how last week I found myself in a mud hut in northern Ghana. I was speaking, via two translators, to a 90-year-old tribal chief who, I'll be frank, was wearing a far more revealing smock than I was entirely comfortable with.
At the end of our meeting, he presented me with two live and flapping guinea fowl – the perfect gift for a weary traveller. In return,
I took a selfie with him. I positioned my camera with extreme care to preserve his dignity. We parted in mutual bemusement; the cultural chasm between Langbenzi and Moulton Seas End remaining as wide as when I arrived.
See also: Succession planning is not easy, but essential
Marshal Papworth fund
By means of explanation, I was in Ghana with the Marshal Papworth fund: I sit upon its advisory board. When Marshal Papworth died, he bequest his farm to the East of England Agricultural Society to educate students from the developing world.
Since then his legacy has funded almost 200 students at British agricultural universities –a neat arrangement whereby the money stays in the UK and the knowledge goes where it is needed.
As farmers, we should be uncomfortable that people on the planet go to bed hungry and I am drawn to charitable causes that tackle this problem.
Last week I was travelling with three other committee members visiting former students from Ghana, Nigeria and Burkina Faso to see the effect education has had on their lives and on the farming communities with whom they now work.
Western Europe's history in Ghana is pretty shameful. From the 1500s until the 1800s, we were buying native Ghanaians as slaves and locking them in degrading conditions in coastal forts.
When they were sufficiently reduced in spirit and weight, they were shipped to the Americas and the Caribbean to work in crops like tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton to send to Europe.
Seeing the inhumanity of the slave forts makes one reflect uncomfortably how global trade has been an unappreciated part of our lives for many centuries and how we have exploited other countries in its name.
Challenges for African agriculture
In recent years, there has been a lot of international support to develop the resilience of African agriculture, but it isn't easy to find solutions.
The western style of large-scale, mechanised, mono-crop agriculture doesn't work in the developing world – it is too fuel-dependent and capital-intensive.
There are several large-scale horticultural businesses producing fruit, vegetables and flowers very successfully in Africa, but they are mostly growing high-value goods to export to developed countries.
The domestic food needs tend to be met by small, local farms that are barely subsistent.
One of the greatest challenges that I saw was not the climate, the soil or even access to inputs.
The greatest problem was the poor transport infrastructure and the system of land ownership and inheritance. This is controlled by the tribal chiefs whose power is superior to even the police force.
The fragmented nature of land ownership in Ghana stands in the way of effective crop rotations and better systems of production.
We know from our own history that the Enclosures Act in the UK was the foundation stone of our agricultural revolution.
The trip gave me much to ponder, not least my own good fortune. It also taught me that, when they die, farmers can do much more interesting things with their land than bequeath it to their children free of charge.
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Dane Carlaw (born 21 February 1980 in Brisbane, Queensland) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. An Australia national and Queensland State of Origin representative forward, he played in Australia for National Rugby League club, the Brisbane Broncos (with whom he won the 2000 and 2006 NRL Premierships) and in France for Super League club, Catalans Dragons.

Playing career
While attending Padua College, Carlaw played for the Australian Schoolboys team in 1997.

A reliable workhorse in the second row, Carlaw won the Broncos' rookie of the year award in 2000 and also tasted premiership success with the club at the end of his first season, playing at prop in the 2000 NRL grand final victory over the Sydney Roosters.  He has represented Queensland and, at his peak, Australia.

At the end of the 2001 NRL season, he went on the 2001 Kangaroo tour.  In Game 3 of the 2002 State of Origin series, Carlaw scored a try for Queensland with 42 seconds left to tie the match at 18-18 and the series at one game a piece.  As the match was tied and due to Queensland winning the shield a year prior, Queensland retained the shield by default.

In the 2006 NRL Grand Final Carlaw was selected to play from the interchange bench for Brisbane who won the match, claiming another premiership. As 2006 NRL Premiers, the Brisbane Broncos travelled to England to face 2006 Super League champions, St Helens R.F.C. in the 2007 World Club Challenge. Carlaw played as a prop forward in the Broncos' 14-18 loss.

Carlaw moved to Catalans after the 2007 NRL season. In 2010 he became eligible to play for France after having spent three years playing in the country.

On 30 November 2010, he re-signed with Brisbane Broncos on a one-year deal  He played for the Wynnum Manly Seagulls in the 2011 Queensland Cup.

References

 2001 Ashes profile

1980 births
Living people
Australia national rugby league team players
Australian rugby league players
Brisbane Broncos players
Catalans Dragons players
People educated at Padua College (Brisbane)
Queensland Rugby League State of Origin players
Rugby league players from Brisbane
Rugby league props
Rugby league second-rows
Wynnum Manly Seagulls players


BiNa ist presenting "Uncertainty as an influencing factor on communications about innovative materials - identification and handling of a possible restraint in sustainability transitions" on IST conference in Gothenburg.
BiNa is presenting current results from the sustainability assesment of bioplastics on the 8th International Conference on Life Cycle Management in Luxembourg.
The international conference "SustEcon Conference – The contribution of a sustainable economy to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals" will take place on 25 and 26 September 2017 at the Freie Universität in Berlin, Germany.
The focus of the conference will be on the contributions of the sustainable economy to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This contribution can be observed on a number of different levels: Innovations toward achieving the SDGs are to be as much a topic at the conference as methodological questions about measuring sustainability. In addition to that, the differences between various discourses and concepts and their respective contributions to the sustainable economy will also feature prominently in the conference. A further topic of interest will be the (political) framework conditions and barriers to a sustainable economy as well as the contribution of science to the SDGs.


Just a few days ago, I was talking about accessories for my new Palm Pre. A week later, I now have two.
First up is the Palm leather side case. This is the belt clip case for the Pre. (Palm also has a leather slip case.) So far I like the case. The Pre fits snugly in the case and Palm has included a little ribbon to help lift the Pre out of the case, reducing the risk that you will drop the Pre while removing it from the case. That is a really nice touch as I had almost dropped my Treo 755p a few times while using the older Palm leather Treo case.
The second accessory that I purchased was the Palm Touchstone. This is the super cool, if not super expensive, wireless battery charging dock for the Pre. (I purchased the cheapest of the three Touchstone kits.) There where two reasons that helped chanage my mind about Touchstone.
The first is the microUSB door on the right side of the Pre. There is this tiny little piece of plastic that holds the door to the body of the Pre. I had visions of accidentally snapping that thing off the phone while I was fiddling with the USB cable to either charge up the phone or sync media of files on to the device in Drive mode or Media Sync mode.
The second reason has to due with my complaint that Palm chose to go with the glossy finish on the Pre over the matte soft touch paint that was used on the Palm Treo 750 and 755p. You see, the Touchstone requires that you use a different back plate than the stock Palm back plate that comes with the Pre. The replacement Palm back plate that ships with the Pre has that soft touch paint that I like so much. So the phone is, in my opinion, easier to hold and feels nicer too. Oh, and the matte finish doesn't pick up fingerprints like the glossy version does.
I could have lived without the matte finish on the Pre, but I would have gone nuts if the microUSB door had broken off my Pre. If that had happened, I would have had to file an insurance claim with Sprint because it would have driven me nuts to have the port exposed.
All in all, I'm happy with my purchases, and I hope you will be too. Both accessories, the leather side case and the Touchstone charging base are available from Sprint (retail location and online) and at Palm's online store. As I understand it, both Palm's and Sprint's warehouses have ample supply of both accessories at this point.


Cool backpack with metal clasp. Ideal for documentation and 15 inch laptop. Black lining with zip compartment and open leather pocket. The wide shoulder straps allow for comfortable carrying the Buling everywhere you go.


Grand Daddy Purple. I feel like this strain isn't meant for beginners. This is a hard-hitting, pain-supressing, couch-locking strain. If you suffer from insomnia or have problems sleeping, Grand Daddy Purple is the strain I would recommend. For those suffering from chronic pain, DGP relieves it as good as any other strain out there. It has a very deep body high, so don't make any plans for the next 3-4 hours after smoking this strain. GDP has a very nice mild berry flavor.


Don't look now but the top two teams in the Pacific Rugby Premiership were a combined 5-15 in the regular season last year.
But some problems in sports can be temporary, injured players get better, inexperienced players mature. That's what has happened at Life West and Santa Monica, and two of the bottom three teams in last year's PRP are now 2-0.
Life West is 2-0 with two bonus-point victories and the Gladiators now sit in 1st place. This week, the Gladiators beat OMBAC 59-30. OMBAC scored early with a penalty goal in the 1st minute from fullback Alfonsu Cornu-Labat, and a try from flanker Shane Dempsey that Cornu-Labat converted.
But after that it was all Life West. Lock Sione Molitika, center Josefa Vuatalevu, and flanker Tesimoni Tongauiha all touched down, with Giuillaume Cazenave converting all three. OMBAC responded and at halftime it was 28-23 Life West.
"We had given up a fairly easy try early on," said scrumhalf Devereaux Ferris. "But we felt we were a little fitter, and we know if we just took better care of the ball and relaxed and played to our plan we'd be OK."
They were. Tongauiha scored two more tries in the second half, and Jacob Finau and Junior Helu added tries as Life West pulled away.
"Offensively we were very good," said Ferris, who earned his first USA cap this past fall. "Defensively I think we can be better, but the boy are working hard and getting around the park pretty well."
Santa Monica edged SFGG 19-14 to move to 2-0. Flyhalf Maxwell Rodman continued his solid form, kicking four penalty goals and converting the Dolphins' lone try to stake his squad to a 19-7 lead at 50 minutes. They then held on.
"Max has done a great job for us and his kicking into the wind really helped us," said Santa Monica captain and prop Rob Cleere.
"We've got some guys who came back from last year, and that's a rarity - living in the LA area people are always moving," said Cleere. "And we have really good team chemistry. We've mixed well."
Still, for Santa Monica, it was almost all lost, as SFGG came back to make it a one-score game. With the wind at their backs, the Dolphins, said Cleere, kind of eased up rather than put the game away.
"That's a lesson for us in closing out a game," said Cleere.
Also winning was Belmont Shore, which came back to beat the Glendale Raptors 18-7. After an early Daniel Thomas penalty for Belmont Shore, Glendale took the lead just before halftime with a try from scrumhalf Vita Makasini, converted by Campbell Johnstone.
That 7-3 held up until the closing moments of the game, when Vili Iongi raced in to give Shore the lead. Thomas converted, and moments later Adam Channel went over. Thomas converted to deny Glendale even a close-loss bonus point.
The game was played in a downpour, and the teams weren't able to even take the field until 45 minutes before the game. Perhaps as a result, knock-ons and penalties made it difficult for either team to gain any momentum.
"In fairness to Glendale, I think it was harder on them than us," said Belmont Shore head coach Ray Egan. "It was a tough. They are a good side, and we had a 15-minute period there where we were defending our line. We didn't allow them a try when Glendale probably deserved one. That was kind of the turning point."
Urged to drop the mistakes in the second half, Belmont Shore did that and started to gain the upper hand in the scrums. That was a key factor in the victory.
Shore is 1-1, as is OMBAC. SFGG and Glendale both drop to 0-2.


Skegss is Benny Reed Toby Cregan (bass, vocals) and Jonny Lani (drums), three prolific performers have charmed listeners with their warm Garage-Punk sound, selling out shows all across Australia. The band have recently wrapped a sold out 'No Future' regional tour which saw them sell out across Australia. During the summer of 2018, the band reissued their 'Holiday Food' EP on ultra limited blue vinyl, for a handful of indie stores only and featured a brand new, vinyl-only track. Following in the footsteps of tickets for their concerts, this EP sold out immediately. Capping off Summer 2018 was of course the inclusion of 'Got On My Skateboard' at #39 on triple j's Hottest 100.
With an album set to be released this year through Ratbag Records, a UK tour which includes appearances at The Great Escape and Dot to Dot festivals, a single tour in June and an upcoming Splendour in the Grass set - this is just the beginning of a very crazy year for Skegss.
'It's been about a year since we have gotten to do a major city tour with new music so we are looking forward to getting on the road for The Up In The Clouds tour," says vocalist/guitarist Benny Reed.


I define philosophy as the endeavour to find the hidden questions. The aim of philosophy is to point out the failures in our knowledge. We think we know, but we don't. Philosophers produce doubt – not knowledge.
The main focus points of my work as a philosopher is thus to show how to be critical in fruitful ways. Critique does not have to destroy or undermine the criticized subjects or objects. The point is that since no views are infallible, it is not embarrassing to fail. Rather, the aim of critique is to teach humility – I always become somewhat anxious when people are all too certain as to how the world is constituted. Such a certainty leads very often to cocksure engagements – quite often with unhappy victims as the consequence.
At the same time, however, we should not overcomplicate everything. We should not let ourselves paralyse by the fact that we can doubt about everything. In our daily lives we have to stop with our doubts – we have to make decisions. This is were philosophy should find us: In the crossroad between not being able to make proper decisions, but still being necessitated to do it nevertheless.
One returning figure in these reflections is an analysis of our way of thinking: Our thoughts and our language has to comprehend the world in systematic ways, in order to reduce complexity and to reach some level of unity and comprehensiveness. On the other hand, however we are also urged by a more sensuous normativity that urges us to comprehend the world adequately – in its manifold.
I love to seek out these foundational paradoxes in our lives. The irresolvable knots that we have to solve, but cannot. To this we can use critical theory, discourse analyses, deconstructive analyses – or we can merely use our minds to think.
The paradoxes are not dangerous, we should not let ourselves be paralysed by them. On the contrary they are quite often what actually energizes our existence. They are what calls upon us to do our very best to come up with the best solutions to irresolvable problems.
My first philosophical education was received at Aarhus University. The philosophical culture at the Aarhus-department is characterized by a continuous dialogue with the surrounding society.
Starting at the University I started out in musicology, and that made my philosophical interest focus on aesthetics (what is art, why is it important, what about "beauty", etc.). Especially with the focus on the German tradition: Baumgarten, the Idealists, phenomenology.
Gradually this interest was turned towards the notions of history, because one of my main answers to the questions of beauty and humanity was that humanistic sciences can say something important about history. Thus history was the main aim of my MA-thesis.
After my MA-graduation I turned quite consequently towards critical theory. At first through an obvious reading of the Frankfurt-school, but later (during my work on my PhD.-thesis) I was also severely inspired by the French traditions. The distinction between critique as reflexive-rational and sensual-worlddisclosing became urgent to me.
After the PhD-thesis I turned towards the meaning and implications of the Internt. A post-doc scholarship from the Carlsberg Foundation had this as a main focus, and it led me to dive into philosophy of technology and philosophy of the public sphere, which are my current main subjects.


Primary school children and residents living with dementia are bridging the generation gap by playing games, doing arts and craft and learning about one another's lives.
Inspired by the TV show, Old People's Home for 4 Year Olds, Year 1 pupils from Sandford Primary School have been visiting residents at The Russets dementia care home.
The visits were started by Teaching Assistant, Tracey Shears after watching the hit Channel 4 show when it was broadcast last autumn.
"Seeing the pleasure that both age groups got from taking part in the TV show was the inspiration for me to arrange similar visits between our pupils and residents at The Russets," said Tracey.
Old people's Home for 4 Year Olds was filmed by CPL Productions at the Trust's Cote lane retirement village in April and May of last year.
The award-winning show brought together eleven St Monica Trust residents and ten children from local Bristol preschools for a six week period to prove scientifically that the two generations could transform the physical, social and emotional wellbeing of the older volunteers.
Tracey said: "The residents really look forward to the visits and as soon as they see the children arrive their faces light up.
Mary, Austin, Daisy, Safia, Joseph and Liam visit The Russets every Friday afternoon and activities usually include a mixture of games and arts and crafts.
One particular game that is proving popular with both children and residents alike is the chair game.
Tracey explained: "The chair game is where residents and children sit in facing each other in two lines of six chairs and then hit a balloon down the line with a length of foam and into a box at the end of the line.
"It's all about interaction and doing things you wouldn't normally expect an older person to do.
The Russets is the Trust's 73-bed dementia care home located at its Sandford Station retirement community in North Somerset.
The Russets and Sherwood Care Home Manager, Helen Perkins said: "The response to the show was incredible. People from all over the country have been inspired to set up similar schemes at care homes, volunteer for vital services that help older people or just pop in on an older person who might live near them for a cup of tea and a chat.
Built in 2007, the award-winning design of The Russets features a ring of five connecting bungalows built around a central clubhouse and scented garden.
"The Russets was designed from the floor up around the needs of the people who live here.
"This is their home and by making families and children welcome, we are creating an open community, which gives our residents access to people from different generations who will keep them feeling alive and vibrant.
To ask any questions about The Russets, arrange a viewing or for more information, please call the Trust's admissions team on 0800 952 0300 or email carehomes@stmonicatrust.org.uk.


Because the evil one desires to undermine the spiritual stability of all who follow Christ, Paul exhorted the believers in Ephesus to take up the shield of faith. The darts that Satan aims at Christians are subtle, varied, and deadly, so Alistair Begg urges us to follow Paul's instruction by trusting in the Gospel personally, consistently, and corporately. The enemy is fierce and relentless, but Christ has triumphed and His victory is ours.


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Home » News » Seeking Nominations for the James Corones Award Honoring Longtime Advocates for Science
Seeking Nominations for the James Corones Award Honoring Longtime Advocates for Science
October 31, 2018 by Doug Black
Nominations are now open for a new prize honoring a longtime advocate for science, education and research.
The James Corones Award in Leadership, Community Building and Communication will recognize mid-career scientists and engineers who are making an impact in their fields and on research in general. The recipient will be someone who encourages and mentors young people to engage with the science community, to communicate their work effectively and to make a difference in their scientific discipline. It's a fitting tribute to Corones, who led a distinguished career as a researcher, administrator and, perhaps most importantly, founder of the Krell Institute, the award's sponsor.
Krell is a nonprofit organization dedicated to serving the scientific and educational communities. Under Corones's guidance, it grew to supervise many projects and programs, most notably the Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship (DOE CSGF) and the DOE National Nuclear Security Administration Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship (DOE NNSA SSGF).
The nearly 400 computational science alumni have become a community of high-performance computing practitioners working at government laboratories, universities and colleges and private companies.
More than 45 graduates of the smaller, newer stewardship science program conduct research vital to the nation's security. Their work could lead to cleaner energy sources, reduced nuclear proliferation and greater understanding of the universe.
James Corones, who died on April 28, 2017, saw Krell as a means to educate superior scientists for the U.S. workforce, helping the country lead the world in multiple disciplines. He supported mentoring and developing leaders in the scientific community and was determined to
communicate research to the broader world. He helped establish the fields of computational science, advanced high-performance computing, and national nuclear safety.
Nominees should be mid-career scientists and engineers (having earned a Ph.D. within the past 10 to 20 years) working in government laboratories, academic institutions or industry. The honoree will receive $2,000 and an engraved gift, plus travel expenses to a designated event to receive their prize.
Nominations, consisting of a completed form and nominator's letter, are due by the close of business on Monday, December 31, 2018. Letters from three additional identified supporters of the nominee will be due by the close of business on Friday, February 15, 2019. Self-nominations are permitted.
Submissions are due December 31, 2018.
Filed Under: Industry Segments, Main Feature, News, Research / Education Tagged With: James Corones Award, Krell Institute, Weekly Newsletter Articles


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How a few first ladies used their narrow role for big influence
Filed under Commentary at Dec 30
Barbara A. Perry, Contributor
Connect with Barbara A. Perry
Robert Frost, who delivered a poem at John F. Kennedy's 1961 inauguration and returned to the White House a year later to attend a dinner for Nobel laureates, clearly admired Jacqueline Kennedy. He correctly prophesied about her place in history, "There have been some great wives in the White House — like Abigail Adams and Dolley Madison — so great that you can't think of their husbands without thinking of them."
What makes a subset of first ladies so inextricably linked to their husband-presidents that they secure a spot in our collective memory as outstanding partners in their administrations? The answer is as complex as the role itself.
Because FLOTUSes aren't elected, they are unaccountable to the American polity. They're not paid for performing the most demanding full-time volunteer job in the country. Thus they possess a singularly idiosyncratic position in our government and politics.
Paradoxically, this hybrid role gives them carte blanche to develop a synergy with their husbands, constrained by no formal boundaries on its symbolic nature, while at the same time setting severe limits on the breadth of their substantive tasks. A few even developed leadership roles of their own, building on their husband's time in office, but ultimately creating their own, separate sphere of influence.
Many of the 53 first ladies (42 official and 11 acting) have embraced the role of filling a gap for their husbands. Some presidents have had personality deficits that their more outgoing and attractive wives have offset. Extroverted Dolley Madison not only compensated for her shy spouse, she used her social talents to bring together opposing partisans in the early Republic. When her husband fled Washington to command American troops as the British marched on the capital during the War of 1812, Dolley bravely stayed behind until White House treasures like Gilbert Stuart's famous painting of George Washington had been safely removed.
The five first ladies (from left) Michelle Obama, Laura Bush, Hillary Clinton, Barbara Bush, and Rosalynn Carter were introduced at the George W. Bush Presidential Center dedication April 25, 2013.
(Tom Fox/Staff Photographer)
Grace Coolidge represents a 20th century first lady whose stunning beauty and charm countered the president's dour and taciturn image, so much so that he began to fear that she was upstaging him.
Other presidential spouses have substituted for ill or handicapped husbands. Edith Wilson is said to have run the White House in the wake of Woodrow's debilitating stroke in 1919. Prior to the 25th Amendment's adoption in 1965, no official mechanism existed for addressing an incapacitated chief executive. From the time of Franklin Roosevelt's paralysis from a bout of polio in 1921, his wife Eleanor served as his "legs," traveling around the nation and world on fact-finding missions for FDR.
Sometimes first ladies must stand in for a politically handicapped husband. In the wake of his signing the Civil Rights Act, Lyndon Johnson faced staunch opposition in the South, so he sent Lady Bird on a whistle-stop tour of the region during his 1964 presidential campaign. JFK had initially proposed the landmark legislation, and his approval ratings were dropping in the fall of 1963, which is why he was so pleased that his wife, who rarely accompanied him on domestic political trips during his presidency, agreed to visit Texas with him that November. Two of the most recent FLOTUSes, Laura Bush and Michelle Obama, both outpaced their husband's popularity ratings and served as powerful surrogates on the campaign trail.
In the case of Hillary Clinton, the first lady had no gap to fill but, rather, assumed a full policy partnership, at least at the beginning of the 42nd president's administration. Bill Clinton had declared during the 1992 campaign that voters would acquire "two for the price of one" if he and Hillary moved into the White House. President Clinton reasoned that she had accepted policy leadership on education and child welfare issues during his Arkansas governorship, so why shouldn't she play an equal role in the presidency?
The American people have a way of answering that question by drawing a distinct line between the levels of first lady activism they are willing to accept and those they aren't. After her leadership of health care reform came under criticism and the administration's initiative failed to pass, Mrs. Clinton returned to a more traditional posture in her duties. She supported women's rights around the world and reactivated her advocacy of children's welfare, but she left testimony on Capitol Hill to administration officials.
Modern first ladies, starting with Eleanor Roosevelt, who is sui generis in the mark she left on the office during her unprecedented dozen years in the White House, can be placed on an activism spectrum. She and Hillary Clinton own the spot of most activity in promoting a variety of policy positions. In fact, Mrs. Roosevelt occasionally frustrated her husband by taking stands that were more liberal than his own, on race and immigration, for example.
At the opposite end of the spectrum are Bess Truman, Mamie Eisenhower and Pat Nixon, who were content to work in their husbands' shadow. Indeed, Mrs. Truman avoided the spotlight and preferred to spend time away from Washington in her hometown of Independence, Mo.
Former first lady Laura Bush attends an English Gifted and Talented class with 8th graders that are taking the class for 9th grade credit on Oct. 21, 2014 at Wilkinson Middle School in Mesquite. Bush mingled with students and attended a roundtable with teachers and principals to announced a $7,000 grant from the Laura Bush Foundation For American Libraries.
(David Woo/Staff Photographer)
Jackie Kennedy, like many women in her generation (she was born in 1929), served as a bridge between traditional housewives and the feminist movement of the 1970s. She embraced typical feminine pursuits as first lady by supervising the White House's restoration and promoting the arts. It was her successor, Lady Bird Johnson, who moved closer to full political partnership with her husband — a position that Betty Ford, Rosalynn Carter, Nancy Reagan and Barbara Bush also accepted. Each of these women chose a "soft-power" policy issue, including feminism, mental health, drug addiction and literacy.
The repudiation of Hillary Clinton's leadership in the health care policy debate indicated that Americans weren't ready for first ladies to play such a central part in their husbands' administrations. Thus, Laura Bush and Michelle Obama represented an "un-Hillary" model: playing prominent, yet largely nonpolicy, roles. Like her mother-in-law, Laura Bush promoted literacy, a perfect choice in light of her experience as a school librarian. Mrs. Obama, while every bit her husband's intellectual equal, with degrees from Princeton and Harvard Law School, chose to promote healthy lifestyles for children and assist military families in the ongoing War on Terror. Both women also took up the cause of educating girls around the world.
Each first lady's contributions depend on her era's expectations for women, her age when entering the White House, whether she has young children in the home, her educational background, previous career, political interests and her husband's vision for his spouse's role. How fortunate the country has been to be served by women we now consider among the pantheon of American first ladies.
Barbara A. Perry is a professor and director of presidential studies at the University of Virginia's Miller Center. She wrote this column for The Dallas Morning News.
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