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Attack Types: Prosecution
Institution(s):Sindh University, Jamshoro
Region & Country:Southern Asia | Pakistan
On November 17, 2019, following a nonviolent protest on the campus of the University of Sindh in Jamshoro, Pakistan, local police reportedly charged 17 student protesters with sedition-related charges including criminal conspiracy, condemnation of the creation of the state, assaulting a top government official and attempting to provoke a riot.
The protest occurred on October 31, 2019, more than two weeks prior to the commencement of the criminal action. While authorities alleged that the students had been carrying flags, reciting slogans, and writing messages in chalk on public walls that were all anti-Pakistan, the students claimed that their protest had not, in fact, involved national politics, but instead had been focused on a water shortage within their hostel. Available reports do not suggest that the students either engaged in, or encouraged, violence during the protest.
Scholars at Risk is concerned about the criminal prosecution of students in apparent retaliation for nonviolent expressive activity — conduct that is expressly protected by international human rights instruments including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which Pakistan is a party. State authorities have an obligation to refrain from actions intended to restrict or retaliate against such conduct. In addition to the harm to the immediate victim, wrongful arrests and prosecutions in connection with nonviolent expression undermine academic freedom and democratic society generally.
https://www.dawn.com/news/1517820
https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/571420-fir-registered-against-sindh-university-students
https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20191205122848105


The New Year is young, and whether or not we have made official resolutions we all have an idea of the kind of person we would like to be. Many of us would like to be healthier, wealthier, or happier in some other way. For Christians, a common desire is to be more spiritually mature. However, our efforts to attain these goals often weaken and die before any actual growth can take place.
On the other hand, there may be habits that we would like to break; unhealthy patterns that keep us from growing spiritually. In spite of our best efforts, these ingrained patterns can persist until we give up fighting them from sheer exhaustion.
If this sounds familiar, let's consider a new approach. Instead of setting large goals for ourselves, let's think smaller.
The small choices you make every day are votes for the kind of person you will become. Let's say we want to be the kind of person who wakes up early and spends an hour reading the Bible. This is an excellent goal, but when we wake up we immediately find ourselves facing many obstacles. Maybe we automatically reach for our phones to see the time or the weather and quickly find ourselves distracted by social media or emails. Or maybe we see the trashcan is overflowing and decide to empty it. Whatever the distraction, one will lead to another and we are no closer to becoming more disciplined in reading the Word.
The problem is we are focused so much on the large battle (reading for an hour) that we neglect the smaller skirmishes against the distractions that block our path. It's the small choices, not the large goals, that shape the person we are.
"How we spend our days is, of course, how we spend our lives," said writer Anne Dillard. It's a sobering statement when we consider the many distractions that pile up on all sides throughout each day, many of which we give in to. But with prayer and patience, progress can be made.
Think ahead to the end of your life. What kind of person do you want to be when you die? Consider how that kind of person spends their days, the kinds of activities they enjoy, and the things they prioritize in their lives. What small choices does that kind of person make every day? Those small choices add up into days, the days add up into years and the years into a full life. Identify the direction you want to move in, and plan for each obstacle, no matter how small.


The fluid yet precise pieces of Protagonist's fall 2015 collection elevate rather than conceal the process of their making. For this cozy hybrid of a sweater and a sweatshirt, that revelation comes in the form of dropped shoulder seams that, along with broad bands of ribbing at the hem and cuffs, add a distinctive touch. The pure cashmere infuses heathered grey with earthy brown undertones: a nod to the Utah landscapes that influenced the collection.


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Tag - Education
Chant of "USA" Causes a Stir at a California High School
by Chris Queen
You hear it so many places – sporting events, pep rallies, you name it. A group of people will begin to chant, "USA! USA!" and more join in. It's an exhilarating show of patriotic pride that's inspiring to hear.
But not at Vista Del Lago High School in Folsom, California (the same town where one elementary school banned tag earlier this year). School officials there are warning that saying the initials of your home country loudly and repeatedly may appear intolerant and may not be appropriate.
Students don't understand the fuss over the chant:
"I wasn't angry, but I was definitely like, 'Why can't we chant USA?'" said senior Ryan Bernal, "To say USA, you know, we're all the same. We're all American. It doesn't matter what your skin tone is or where you're from."
Parent's aren't crazy about the warning either:
Mother Natalie Woodbury said, "I want to chant USA because I want us to pull together and help, not because I want anybody to feel left out or not a part of our country. "
The interesting thing is that the school admits that there have been no complaints against anyone for shouting USA and maintains that there is no ban against the chant. But that hasn't stopped the handwringing at the administrative level.
The school's principal sent out an email to families Wednesday and relayed the same message to students over the school's P.A. system, clarifying any confusion. She told students and parents that sometimes "We can communicate an unintended message." She also said USA chanting is welcome, but it may be best to do it at what she says are appropriate times, like following the national anthem or the Pledge of Allegiance.
Of course, what's missing from the discussion is the obvious: patriotic kids chanting because they love their country doesn't necessarily or automatically leave citizens of any other country out or direct hatred toward another nation. Chanting "USA" is about love for America, not disdain for, say, Scotland or Djibouti or Paraguay or Sri Lanka. It's certainly no cause for concern or for issuing needless warnings.
The theme of this weekend's game at Vista Del Lago is "American Pride," so there's no doubt you'll hear plenty of chanting and expressions of patriotism and unity. I'm sure school administrators won't be able to enjoy the game for their constant sense of worry. And that's a shame.
Kindergarten Class Celebrates Child's Gender 'Transition' Without Parent Permission
It seems like every day the whole transgender debate takes yet another weird turn. Every day we hear a new wrinkle in the issue – from the entertainment industry continuing to blur the line between male and female to parents letting their five year olds determine gender identity.
And now a story from California that will blow your mind. At Rockin Academy, a charter school in Northern California, a kindergarten class spent the second-to-last day of school celebrating the "transition" of a child from boy to girl. Life Site News describes the scene:
During the lesson on the second-to-last day before summer break, the teacher read two books, "I am Jazz" and "The Red Crayon," that purport to explain "transgenderism" to children aged four to eight, Fox40News reported.
"I am Jazz" is particularly explicit, beginning "From the time she was two years old, Jazz knew that she had a girl's brain in a boy's body."
But the "huge bombshell" was that the teacher didn't just read the books but "essentially put on this more-or-less transition ceremony" for the child, says Keller.
After the teacher introduced the five-year-old student to the class as a boy, he then went into the bathroom and emerged dressed as a girl.
The teacher then reintroduced "her" to the children, explaining "she" was now a "girl" who now had a girl's name and was to be called that from now on.
Needless to say, some of the kids came home confused and upset. Attorney Jonathan Keller of the California Family Council told Life Site News that parents found themselves answering questions that they didn't expect to have to address.
"There were several of the little girls that went to their parents and were crying and saying, 'mommy or daddy, am I going to turn into a boy?'"
And a boy who hadn't given "gender" a single thought before is now asking his mother if he can dress as a girl for school, added Keller.
Let's think about the obvious. I've known plenty of kids over the years who acted like they were something else. Schools aren't demanding that the little girl who dresses as a princess be treated as royalty or that the boy who makes truck noises be called F-150. Heck, I wanted to be Luke Skywalker growing up, but my parents didn't insist that I carry a lightsaber to school or be able to attempt Jedi mind tricks on friends.
American College of Pediatricians President Michelle Cretella even told FOX40, "Having an authority figure teach the myth that a child can be trapped in the wrong body will potentially lead to fear that they aren't the sex their bodies clearly indicate."
But there's more. The school systems insists that parents don't have to approve whether their kids have to listen to transgender propaganda. The principal of the school sent a letter out to parents days after the event that failed to mention transgenderism or the celebration of the kid's "transition." Furthermore, the teacher hadn't gotten permission to read the books, leading the school system to enact a regulation that teachers approve books that fall outside the curriculum with the district office.
Outraged parents are taking action, through legal channels and other avenues.
A number of families have decided to pull their children from the school, Keller says. Parents are also circulating a petition asking for parental notification before controversial material is brought up in class.
CFC is considering pushing for state legislation to protect parental rights.
"It's such an egregious case, we're trying to figure out what can be done, from the legal perspective, the legislative perspective, or at the very least at the local level," Keller said.
Just when we think that the LGBT lobby can't get any more brazen, we see things like what went on at Rocklin Academy. Parents, this is why it's more and more crucial that give our kids a foundation in the truth early on.
Oxford University Changes Core History Exam To Give Higher Grades To Women
Oxford University – long held as one of the premier educational institutions in the world – is changing one of its core history exams in order to ensure that more women get the highest possible grade on the test.
One of Oxford's five final-year history exams will be replaced by a paper that can be done at home to try to improve results for female students.
The move, which begins in the next academic year, comes as statistics showed 32% of women achieved a first in history at Oxford, compared with 37% of men.
Under the new exam structure, students most likely will be given similar questions to the existing exam, but rather than completing the test within a specifically designated time frame, students will have several days at home to finish.
University officials say that the "gender gap" was a major factor in considering the new exam, along with the fact that the new format would "reward research skills rather than memorisation, or performance under pressure."
The decision isn't without its controversy, however. Even the university admits that the risk of plagiarism grows with a take-home test. There's no guarantee that students won't collaborate, cheat, or seek outside help with the exam.
The exam isn't exactly a hit with professors either.
Not everyone in the faculty welcomed the move away from traditional exams. While the introduction of a "take-home" paper was supported by staff and students, some of those who attended meetings about the reform warned that it increased the risk of plagiarism and could reduce academic rigour. "We don't want girls within the faculty to be blamed for 'softening' the course," one said.
So in this era when the college experience seems more and more like a joke, even highly acclaimed institutions like Oxford are changing important exams simply for the sake of giving higher grades to one group. Even if the new exams are a good idea and truly become a better barometer of academic performance, the reason behind it is totally ridiculous.
It's enough to make you worry about the future – as if we didn't have enough to create concern to begin with.
Sympathy for Terror in the Classroom
by Marc Giller
The Blaze has a disturbing report based on an investigation they've been conducting into an educational program called "Dying to be a Martyr" that appears to be designed to engender sympathy for Palestianian terrorism. The lesson plan, which has been featured for over ten years on the website of the taxpayer-funded Public Broadcasting System, features videos of would-be terrorists explaining why they wage jihad against Israel and shows teachers how they can frame questions in such a way so that students can identify with those who carry out terror attacks:
Among the other biased aspects of the lesson plan are instructions for teachers to "Check for understanding by asking students to respond to the focus question. (Mohanned, feels he would rather die and by a martyr than live his life, sees his life as hollow—in contrast he sees Israelis as happy, going out, having fun, traveling.) Ask your students why Mohanned may feel that way (Answers may include: Palestinians have less land, fewer privileges, cannot come and go as they please.)"
A new investigation into the lesson plan and its origins show the plan was developed in New York state and was, until just a couple of weeks ago, promoted by the New York State Education Department. Following a request for comment from state officials, NYSED abruptly altered its website without a comment, essentially covering up the fact the website ever contained the "Dying to be a Martyr" material.
So basically the New York public school system, which thought it was jim-dandy to feature the lesson plan so long as it remained in the shadows, abruptly consigned it to the memory hole as soon as they got caught. Just move along, folks, nothing to see here.
An investigation by The Blaze reveals the teacher who authored "Dying to be a Martyr" is still teaching at Ballston Spa High School, a public school in Ballston Spa, New York, located in Saratoga County. At Ballston Spa, the teacher leads courses covering world history for 9th and 10th graders. A review of classroom notes posted to the teacher's website shows she covers the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in great deal in her course. Among the many questions students are asked to answer are "What is Hammas' view ?" and "How were Palestinian refugees treated?"
What's missing is that Hamas has already made that view perfectly clear in its charter:
The Islamic Resistance Movement aspires to the realization of Allah's promise, no matter how long that should take. The Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him salvation, has said: 'The day of judgment will not come until Muslims fight the Jews (killing the Jews), when the Jews will hide behind stones and trees. The stones and trees will say 'O Muslims, O Abdulla, there is a Jew behind me, come and kill him.'
Which brings us back to the fundamental problem that has prevented a long-term solution to the conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis: the Palestinians want the Israelis dead, period. Compromise with people like that isn't really an option. As for the kind of sympathy that "Dying to be a Maryr" would seek to inspire, that would be an interesting trick–considering that genocide is the terrorists' ultimate goal.
Now contrast that with another story that's developing in my neck of the woods down in Florida:
The Pinellas County School District is looking into why a controversial, anti-Muslim propaganda film was played in a high school classroom.
A parent of a student at Tarpon Springs High school said his daughter told him she watched the movie, "Obsession: Radical Islam's War Against the West," in her sophomore history class on Wednesday.
The Council on American Islamic Relations says this film has no place in schools.
"This film is pure propaganda that is really used to demonize the Muslim religion by a group, the Clarion Project that was designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as a hate group," said Thania Diaz Clevenger, the Civil Rights Dir. with CAIR.
So on the one hand, we have a public school system hawking a lesson plan that presents an uncritical view of radical Islamic terrorism–and nobody has boo to say about it. On the other hand, we have another public school presenting a documentary on the dangers of radical Islamic terrorism–and all hell breaks loose. All because one parent complained, and then the Council on American Islamic Relations got involved.
So what exactly is the film Obsession all about? WFLA, the TV station that covered this story, seems to take at face value CAIR's assertion that it's nothing more than bigoted, anti-Islamic propaganda. The film itself, however, draws from interviews with mainstream sources who are very well-informed about the threat posed by global jihad–people such as Steve Emerson from the Investigative Project on Terrorism, Daniel Pipes from the Middle East Forum, and Caroline Glick from the Jerusalem Post. In other words, it ain't the work of fringe kooks who are out to bash Mohammed. Obsession also takes care to point out that radical Islam is not all Islam, and that the vast majority of the victims of jihad are actually Muslims. The film has also drawn a lot of praise from many quarters, all the way from Glenn Beck at the Blaze to Frank Gaffney at the Center for Security Policy.
CAIR, meanwhile, was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in a fundraising scheme for Hamas, a terrorist organization. Call me cynical, but I think that undermines their credibility just a bit. For an organization that shills for jihadis to label anything as propaganda–and be taken seriously by a major media outlet–would be laughable, if it weren't so scary.
The greatest irony, however, came unwittingly from CAIR's own civil rights director:
"How you could use that in an educational setting, especially for someone as a high school student, kind of boggles our mind," said Clevenger.
With such a pointed statement, she could have just as easily been talking about "Dying to be a Martyr." But we all know better, don't we?
Executive Order Aims To Return Local Control To Education
Over the past eight years, we've seen Obama's Department of Education take a tight rein on educational policy, but, in what is certainly an encouraging move, President Donald Trump is set to undo that federal control with the stroke of a pen. The president will soon issue an executive order that takes great strides toward returning control of education to the local level.
The order will direct Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos to sift through the Obama era regulations and flag the ones that wrest control away from local jurisdictions within 300 days. This of course will reverse the course set by Obama and his Secretary of Education Arne Duncan.
(For instance, Duncan employed money from one particular program to promote Common Core standards, breaking protocol by essentially attempting to force states to adopt the standards as a national policy.)
I think this is a terrific decision and a massive step in the right direction. It's a win for federalism and reflects well on Trump and DeVos. Control of educational policy – like so many other government policies – belongs at the closest level possible to the citizens. Good for President Trump in realizing this truth and taking steps to take educational decisions back to the local level.
Here's what's wrong with public education
by Tim Thomas
I have learned many things during my time in public education.
Never turn your back on a class any longer than necessary.
Never try to be someone else when you teach.
Never change what you do just to impress an administrator or visiting dignitary.
Always grade papers as soon as possible upon their completion.
Okay I never said I was able to consistently abide by all these, just that they were truths I'd learned along the way.
Another such truth: When faced with the decision of either going with your gut or going with what an educational expert says … go with your gut.
Case in point: Education expert Christine Yeh says inequities in our system of education are more damaging than students' lack of determination. Specifically, Yeh attacks the idea of encouraging students to have some "grit" when it comes to their studies.
The grit movement is a relatively new and honestly quite surprising (and refreshing) trend in education. The foundational idea is to encourage and foster determination in students. How that is accomplished is based largely on the individual learning and teaching styles utilized by each student and teacher, but the primary focus is on getting students to see their learning process – primarily assessed through formative assignments – through to the end.
Grit focuses on the long term, and when done right encourages the use of goal-setting and step-by-step planning in order to see a project or other formative assessment to completion.
In other words, some of the same tools consistently used by the most successful people in our society.
Problem is, many of the entrenched edu-crats in our public education system don't like the idea. The reason is simple. At its core, expecting students to show grit in their work completely shifts the focus so diligently pushed by those edu-crats for decades. They've spent their entire careers trying to convince us that the reason little Johnny can't read is because little Johnny had the misfortune of being born with the wrong skin color or the wrong cultural background.
The grit movement implies that maybe a little more effort would help little Johnny to improve his position and decrease the likelihood of his own children being trapped in the same failed cultural cycles that have made his road more difficult. It's the old, forgotten American ideal of raising your children to enjoy a better quality of life than you've had.
Says Yeh:
"Grit is an easy concept to fall in love with because it represents hope and perseverance, and conjures up images of working-class individuals living the 'American dream.' However, treating grit as an appealing and simple fix detracts attention from the larger structural inequities in schools, while simultaneously romanticizing notions of poverty."
Yeah, God forbid we romanticize poverty. You know, like believing that those who endure hardship come out of it with stronger values and character and are able to better appreciate what they have later on. Instead of teaching people to value the lessons learned in those lean times, we should just keep telling them how unfair it is that they have to go through those lean times.
She continues:
"Perhaps this idea of grit resonates with so many people who believe in the popular American adage that if you work hard and pull yourself up by your bootstraps, then you can achieve anything. This belief unfortunately, assumes that individuals have the power, privilege, and access to craft their own futures, regardless of circumstance and systemic barriers … Schools that focus on grit shouldn't ignore structural inequities because they assume that regardless of your race, class, or social context you can still triumph."
Did you get that? She didn't say "will still triumph" or "may still triumph" but rather "can still triumph". That's not an accident – she wants you to believe that minority races and culturally challenged peoples cannot succeed, so we must level the playing field.
And this supposedly well-educated woman never realizes that what she's spouting is Racism and Classism 101.
The bottom line in all this – in fact in pretty much all liberal ideas – is that human beings are incapable of living positive, efficient, rewarding lives on their own because we don't really understand what is best for us and even if we do, "The Man" will hold us back. Only the collective – the Nanny State – knows what is good for us and can help us achieve it, and if we'll just yield to its omniscience all our lives will be so much better.
Our system of public education is filled with people like this, folks. They are one of the primary reasons why I encourage every parent to VERY STRONGLY consider either home or private schooling. If you need more encouragement, let me leave you with this little clip from Yeh's column:
"… not all things are worth sticking with."
God forbid we teach this to our kids.
UPDATED: Education showdown in Oklahoma
In the world of public education, what is best for students can easily get lost in the myriad bureaucracy of state and federal regulations, not to mention constant budget cuts and the flurry of classroom trends that seem to come and go faster than a politician can change positions on an issue.
Such is the case in Oklahoma, where a substantial number of local school systems are bucking state leaders – including Governor Mary Fallin – over how long the school week should be.
The tiff began more than a year ago, when the state announced significant education funding cuts to help make up for a budget shortfall of more than $1 billion, an action that left district superintendents scrambling to come up with the means to adjust.
Enter the four-day school week.
While knocking a day off the school week won't save a billion dollars statewide, in rural systems with large service areas and small student bodies, the savings in diesel fuel alone can often mean the difference between filling an empty teaching position and filling classrooms beyond their normal capacity.
A year ago, Newcastle superintendent Tony O'Brien told the Oklahoma City NBC affiliate, "We are conservatively saying we're going to save at least $100,000-$150,000, that will be in utilities, transportation, another big cost is in substitute teachers we won't have to hire."
In February – just over halfway through Newcastle's first year under the plan – O'Brien again spoke with the NBC affiliate, saying "I've saved almost a teacher in diesel probably already."
Considering that Newcastle is a southern suburb of Oklahoma City, the savings for more rural systems – which make up the bulk of those opting for a 4-day week – may be even greater.
Systems adjusted their daily class schedules and annual school calendars to make up for the lost time, as well as adding 45 minutes to each day. Teachers and administrators say that students have fared well with the changes, and though some parents say they struggle to find childcare for younger children on Fridays, many are happy with the change. The initiative seems to be yielding the desired result, with no negative impact on student performance.
Enter state lawmakers.
In a state with a well-known conservative Republican governor like Fallin, one would think that increased local control over education would be seen as a good thing – especially when it comes to cost-saving moves that do not negatively impact student outcomes.
One would be wrong, at least in Oklahoma.
"We must have five-day school weeks," Fallin said during this year's State of the State address. State Senator Kyle Loveless agreed, introducing a bill that would mandate a five-day week for the state's schools. As quoted in the more recent NBC story, Loveless stated:
"We need to have kids in schools five days a week … It is a bad PR, a bad image problem, bad optics to the state when we have 100 school districts that have gone to four days."
Really. A state legislator says that local school systems cannot solve this problem – which, remember, was created by the state legislature – via a method that works for them, for their community, and (lest we forget) for their students because it's "bad optics" to do so. Amazing.
These statements seem to be in direct contrast to the position Fallin has taken previously on local control. Upon signing legislation in 2015 to expand charter school opportunities statewide and bring charter approval under the authority of local boards, Fallin had this to say:
"The legislation provides more local control for parents and school administrators."
For his part, O'Brien doesn't seem ready to budge.
"My school board is the guys who know what's best for my kids, not somebody at 23rd and Lincoln," he said, referring to the state legislative offices in Oklahoma City.
Though Loveless' bill never made it out of committee, another version did. HB1684 requires that any school system following a four-day week submit a plan to the state board of education each year detailing "the intended educational and fiscal benefits and the anticipated impacts or outcomes the plan will have in the school district including a discussion of any potential disadvantages that have been identified by the school district".
HB1684 passed in the House and is currently under consideration in the Senate. O'Brien stated in an email conversation this week that "This amounts to another unfunded mandate for each of us who has chosen to use a four day week".
For the sake of the Oklahoma's students, let's hope that state lawmakers allow the focus to remain on programs that actually work at the local level rather than on what those programs look like at the state level.
*** If you live in Oklahoma and wish to express your thoughts on this or any other educational issue, start by contacting your local school superintendent. Then call your representatives in the state legislature and share your thoughts with them. You'd be surprised how great a difference one single contact can make.
This story has been updated to include information regarding pending legislation.
OMB Director: Trump Budget Rebuilds Military, Cuts Waste
by David Thornton
A big concern for many conservatives has been President Trump's promises of increased spending in many areas. Trump's promises of more money for the military and infrastructure have many worried that the increased spending will explode the deficit. However, the director of the Office of Management and Budget pointed out in a new budget blueprint that Trump's spending increases will be offset by cuts in other areas.
In the Washington Free Beacon, OMB Director Mick Mulvaney said, "This is the 'America First' budget. In fact, we wrote it using the president's own words—we went through his speeches, articles that have been written about his policies, we talked to him, and we wanted to know what his policies were, and we turned those policies into numbers."
A big winner in the first Trump budget is defense, which is slated for a $54 billion increase split between the Departments of Defense and Homeland Security. The Defense Department budget would be increased by nine percent and Homeland Security by seven percent.
"We've worked very closely with the Defense Department to make sure, a couple of things, that this funds their needs but does so in a responsible fashion in terms of what they can actually spend this year," Mulvaney said. "The Defense Department has told us this is the amount of money they need and can spend effectively this year. We are not throwing money after a problem and claiming that we have fixed it."
The budget also allocates $4.1 billion over two years for Mr. Trump's border wall. The figures for the first two years include tests to determine the efficiency and safety of different types of barriers. Mulvaney noted that a 10-year cost projection would accompany the full budget when it is released in May.
Mulvaney pointed out that these spending increases would be offset by cuts in other parts of the budget. "You will see reductions exactly where you would expect it from a president who just ran on an 'America First' campaign," Mulvaney said. "You'll see reductions in many agencies as he tries to shrink the role of government, drive efficiencies, go after waste, duplicative programs, those types of things."
"The president ran saying he would spend less money overseas and more money back home," Mulvaney said. "So when you go to implement that policy you go to things like foreign aid, and those get reduced. If those had been in the Department of Education you'd see a dramatic decrease in education."
In fact, the Department of Education's budget was cut overall, but charter school funding and school choice programs saw an increase. Some of the other notable items in the budget blueprint include:
Cuts Homeland Security grants to local and state agencies
Raises TSA security fees for airline passengers
Eliminates funding for 49 National Historic Sites
Cuts funding to reimburse state and local governments for detaining illegal immigrants
Increases funding and lawyers for illegal immigrant removal
Eliminates climate change prevention programs
Reduces funding for UN peacekeeping
Privatizes the air traffic control system
Eliminates funding for many transportation projects
Cuts NASA budget by one percent
According to the Washington Post, the big losers in the new budget are the Environmental Protection Agency and the State Department, which lose almost a third of their budgets. The Department of Agriculture and the Labor Department also received cuts greater than 20 percent. Other departments on the chopping block with cuts of more than 10 percent included Health and Human Services, Commerce, Education, Housing and Urban Development, Transportation, and Interior.
The full budget will be released in May and will include more detail on the cuts and a 10-year projection for entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicaid. Entitlement and safety net programs make up more than half of the federal budget according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. The full budget is subject to approval and amendment by Congress.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Methyl decanoate
Currently viewing: S-01 | SummaryS-02 | Summary001 Key | Experimental result
EC50 (48 h)= 1.1 mg/L (measured average concentration) for Daphnia magna (OECD 202)
One study evaluating the acute toxicity of methyl decanoate (CAS No. 110-42-9) to aquatic invertebrates is available (Bouwman, 2010). This test was conducted according to OECD Guideline 202, under GLP conditions. Daphnids were exposed to the test substance for 48 hours within a semi-static water regime at 20 ± 1 °C. Measurements of test concentrations (loading rate at 100 mg/L and dilutions) were performed through GC analysis. After 48 hours, effects on daphnids mobility were reported at the two highest tested concentrations, 1.9 and 4 mg/L (measured average)(90 and 100% immobility, respectively), whereas no significant effects were observed at lower concentrations (0.74 mg/L and below (measured average)). Therefore, the EC50 (48 h) was determined to be 1.1 mg/L (measured average concentration).


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SAN DIEGO, July 19, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Companion Medical, a leader in the development of advanced technology to improve diabetes care, has received CE mark for the InPen system, paving the way for launch in key international markets. The InPen system is commercially available in the U.S. and is the only FDA-cleared, smart insulin pen paired with an integrated diabetes management app.
InPen works exactly like a traditional insulin pen but has Bluetooth® technology that connects to an easy-to-use smartphone app. InPen tracks each dose and delivers all of your data to the app on your smartphone. From there, the app calculates doses, displays blood glucose, and tracks insulin levels, storing up to a year of data.
"We look forward to introducing more sophisticated smart pen technology with integrated diabetes management tools to people with diabetes in Europe," said Chief Executive Officer Sean Saint. "Our mission is to empower people living with diabetes and their healthcare providers with easy-to-use solutions that improve outcomes at a lower cost. With diabetes, the greatest challenge is knowing how much insulin to take and when to take it. The InPen system gives people with diabetes the tools they need to answer those questions precisely and accurately. Healthcare providers need actionable, reliable data from their insulin pen users, and now finally have that through Insights by InPen, our integrated diabetes management report."
The Insights by InPen report displays aggregated glucose, insulin, and meal data with detailed daily views, enabling providers to monitor glucose control and adherence patterns, identify the causes and effects of key decisions, and make targeted improvements to therapy.
Companion Medical intends to bring the benefits of the InPen system to Europe in 2019. Currently, more than 90% of insulin delivered around the world is administered through pens and syringes. Durable insulin pens are particularly well utilized in Europe, providing an obvious and significant opportunity for InPen. Given that insulin pump therapy comprises less than 10% of US insulin delivery and even less in Europe, Companion Medical's advanced insulin and disease management technology for pen users fulfills a tremendous unmet need.
InPen is available in the U.S. by prescription only. The app is available for download on the Apple® App Store with launch in the Android marketplace expected later this year.
For more information, visit www.companionmedical.com.
Companion Medical, Inc. (www.companionmedical.com) is a privately held company based in San Diego, CA. The company leverages cross-functional engineering expertise, clinical experience and first-hand knowledge of diabetes to develop innovative solutions for diabetes management.


D.N.I.S. News Network - A major reason for disabled people not being able to avail benefits entitled to them under government schemes and policies is the lack of awareness or access to information about them. A 24-hour telephone service inaugurated recently by Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment Meira Kumar marks a beginning for addressing this problem.
The service based on Interactive Voice Response System (I.V.R.S.) will provide round the clock information on diagnosis, treatment, counselling, education, employment, government schemes and facilities related to all disabilities.
A Ministry release claims that the service will be one of the largest I.V.R.S. in the world in terms of the volume of information with varied channels of information dissemination. The information will be available in Hindi and English. The service is available on the following numbers: 29825094, 29825095 and 29825096. Information can be availed through S.M.S., E-Mail and Fax on demand.
The �Disability Line� in Delhi is the second such facility in the country. The first Disability Line is functional in Maharashtra � Goa Telecom Circle since 19 September 2005. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment proposes to set up similar services in all telephone circles in the country soon with information available in Hindi and local languages. The work in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar has already been initiated.
'Affirmative Action for All' – None for Disabled!
Rajasthan Government provides 3 % reservation for disabled people in R.J.S.
South D.L.U. files petition against Culture and Religious Endowments Department, T.N.


Sailing Lefkada – Get ready to explore Greek waters like never before.
Sailing Lefkada is the top luxury vacation to have this summer.
Even though it's becoming more popular and a bigger number of tourists are choosing this Greek Island as their holiday destination, Lefkada still remains as an exotic place to discover. Lefkada is the name of both an island and a city. Lefkada city has a population of about 8,600 people and it is the capital and the main city of the island that bears the same name.
Lefkada, located in the Ionian Sea and with an area of about 302 square kilometres, has something for everyone. As you know, renting a Catamaran in Lefkada will allow you to bring your friends or family along with you to take your luxury vacation to the next level. Sailing Lefkada is an activity that suits all kinds of travellers: from children and big families to couples, and groups of friends. This Greek Island will never cease to amaze all its visitors.
Renting a Catamaran in Lefkada is the ideal type of luxury vacation for those travellers that enjoy the freedom of creating their own itinerary. There is nothing more adventurous than grabbing a map and selecting all those spots you want to cross off of your bucket list. However, because we want you to make the most out of this incredible experience and Lefkada has a variety of spots you should not miss, we do have a few recommendations.
We definitely recommend you set your foot on Porto Katsiki. As you might have heard, Porto Katsiki has one of the best-known beaches of Greece. Deep blue waters, cliffs, and a white-sanded beach are characteristics that make Porto Katsiki a must-visit. It is situated only 40km away from Lefkada! For those of you who are into breathtaking beaches and won't settle for only one pristine beach, make your way up to Agios Nikitas, Egremni, Tsoukalades, and Kathismas.
For those of you who also like to adventure in little seaside villages, we have some top locations you should visit. If you are a seafood lover, then head over to Sivota, a pretty looking town with the best fish taverns in Lefkada. For trekking lovers, the mountainous village of Karia is our main recommendation. And the villages of Poros, Kalamitsi, Karia, and Nidri should definitely be in your itinerary!
So what are you waiting for? Sailing Lefkada will give you the chance to visit every single hidden place you wish to discover on your own.
Ready for the adventure of your life? Keep reading!
Now that your travelling list is filled with all the places and activities you want to do while sailing around Lefkada; is time to organize what you should bring along with you as you will be spending most of your time on board. Planning ahead will allow you to enjoy your catamaran experience a little bit more!
As obvious as it might sound, sunscreen (preferably +50 waterproof) is a must, especially if you are travelling with children. Do not forget to reapply every two hours, as you are going to spend most of your time under the sun.
Even if you are likely to stay on board during most of your trip, we highly recommend you to pack some comfortable shoes as you might change your mind and decide to stop at a seaside village and explore around.
In case of the unlikely event of having to abandon your Catamaran, Safety equipment is provided in all our boats. Cutlery and kitchen equipment is also provided in all the catamarans.
If you prefer to leave some things in hands of professionals, we give you the possibility of hiring an experienced captain and a gourmet chef that would definitely make your trip more enjoyable.
Sailing Lefkada is a great opportunity to get to know the Greek culture in a different way. And because we know that there are many kinds of travellers, we present you with a wide variety of catamarans you can choose from. There are some special gears that vary according to each type of catamarans. For being able to choose the perfect boat for you, we highly recommend you to talk to our specialists who would love to advise you regarding what catamaran better suits your needs.


Here's another gem from the cellar that deserves to see the light of day. It's the very psychogeographically inspired Immanent in the Manifold City from James Bridle. There's more than a touch of 'pataphysics at play here too, with the "manual of operation" enabling you to "form an instrument for investigating ubiquity". It's a wonderful weaving of the historical into a new narrative around place and time. A lovely piece.
It's self published through the Newspaper Club. The club (really simply a service) enables anyone to create and distribute there own newspapers on glorious newsprint. Perfect for small runs and events. Great service and idea, more proof that print is not dead, as through technology it's becoming more accessible. Beats the hell out of trying to self publish on the photocopier or only digitally. Some things need to be held as much as read.
Atlas Press are a small(ish) publishing house that specialize in avant garde literature. If it's Oulipian, 'pataphysics, Dada or Expressionist these guys are likely to publish it. I first found out about them when I discovered George Perec and the OuLiPo, and through their books I discovered the wonderful world of "anti tradition". I have a fair few of their books all of which are really inspiring and challenging but The Oulipo Winter Journeys is such a lovely edition I thought I'd post a couple of picks.
Some of the authors they publish include: Georges Perec, Raymond Queneau, Alfred Jarry, André Breton, Harry Matthews, Unica Zürn, as well as the output from the College of 'pataphysics.
Atlas Press (http://www.atlaspress.co.uk), don't be put off by the poor quality site, the books are great.


Sir Alex Ferguson enjoyed some legendary tussles against Barcelona as Man Utd boss and Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has spoken to him ahead of this latest tie.
Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has revealed he's spoken to Sir Alex Ferguson ahead of United's Champions League quarter-final tie with Barcelona.
Ferguson enjoyed several fierce battles with Barca during his Old Trafford career and Solskjaer has discussed the tie ahead of their first meeting since the 2011 final.
United and Barcelona met eight times during Ferguson's Old Trafford reign, including in two finals and the 2007/08 semi-final, which United won 1-0.
Solskjaer played against them in the group stages in 1998/99, when a pair of 3-3 draws saw United qualify on their way to the treble.
While the Norwegian has plenty of admiration for Barcelona's quality, he is preferring to focus on how United can cause the La Liga leaders problems of their own.
And he's discussed the tie with Ferguson, with Barca visiting Old Trafford on Wednesday night before the return in the Nou Camp six days later.
"Of course I've spoken with the gaffer since the draw was made but no details," Solskjaer said of his chats with Ferguson about the last-eight tie.
"I think all my experiences and over the years with Barcelona, watching and admiring the team, the quality they've got you look at what you'll do against them and we're ready."
In 1998 Solskjaer played 55 minutes of the 3-3 draw at Old Trafford, but was an unused substitute for the Nou Camp game of the same scoreline.
Those two group stage fixtures were iconic games during United's most famous season of all, 20 years ago, and with both sides still preferring to focus on attack two decades on, he isn't ruling out a repeat.
"I think there's two teams that carry a goal threat. There's some fantastic attacking players on display," he said.
"We drew 3-3 away as well, if we can get a 6-6 and penalties at the Nou Camp I think everyone will be happy.
"I wouldn't say that these teams don't score goals, both teams have it in them to score. We know we have to defend well against them."


text:
HomeBusiness Analysis Case StudyMayne Group Company: 'Sell-Off May Soothe Investors Pain'
Mayne Group Company: 'Sell-Off May Soothe Investors Pain'
Words: 3003 Pages: 10
The paper consists of a case study 'sell off may soothe investors pain', the Mayne Group Company is headed for a demerge of its two pharmaceutical and healthcare subsidaries. The management of the Company is woried that the fast gowing pharmaceutical subsidiary is affected by conglomerate discount, this has prompted the demerge consideration which has implications on the reporting boundaries. The Company is valued at $.2.6 billion but when indepentent valuation is done for the two subsidiaries the sum of their values exceeds the value of the Company as a whole. This is contrary to what normally happens and can be attributed to the conlomerate discount which leads undervaluation of the firm. The spliting of the two firms is motivated by global growth of the pharmaceutical industry with rivals postioning themselves for the benefits. This does not go down well with the Mayne Group and it embarks on searching for a possible finanincial solution which includes enlisting of the pharmaeutical unit with the NewYork Stock Exchange or the London Stock Exchange. However the demerge has its risks too, the new indepentent phamaceutical firm may be faced with Licensing and development of product line challenges. This case study provides vital insight into the accounting theory especially on discount boundaries.
The idea of spliting the Mayne Company's pharmaceutical and healthcare units to be indepententent companies was a move to enable the realisation of individual goals. The changing market situtation and the repostioning of the competitors in the global business arena prompted the break-up. However, the reporting boundary during the demerge considerations has been over estimated and the individual companies may not realise there objectives after the break-up of the conglomerate business. The two subsidiaries seem to depend on each other to a larger extend and a break up could be potentially dangerous for the their survival, especially the pharmaceutical subsdiary which relies to a larger extend on the cash flows of the healthcare unity to subsidise its growth strategy. The Mayne Goup hopes to enlist the pharmaceutical susidiary to the New York Stock Exchange or the London Stock Exchange and uses the industry average to project a re-rating that will give the company a higher rating. All this factors represent a case of changing reporting boundaries in view of saving the Mayne Group's long suffering investors. The answes to the following questions are intended to analyse the changing boundaries in the case of the Mayne Group.
What is meant by reporting boundaries in this Case?
"In general the terms reporting boundary represents the owned or controlled group, company, companies, businesses or organizations to which the response relates."(Financial accounting, 2010) Reporting boundaries have traditionally focused on the financial activities and there outcomes.
Godfrey et al, defines the term reporting boundary to include any unit or activity that encompasses legal, administrative, economic, accounting or other activities. (2006.p.96) "This activity must be able to utilise limited resources in the business environment. The resources should be able to lead to the achievement of some benefits particularly financial benefits from an accounting perspective." (Kothari, 1997.p.55)The reporting boundary regarding Mayne Group Company has been extended to include the demerger information for various needs of the stake holders and the specific market activities of the two arms of healthcare and pharmaceutical company that constitutes the Mayne Group Company. This is because of a strategy that has been formulated to deliver value to the long suffering share holders of the Mayne Group. The estimated independent worth of the two subsidiaries has been determined using specific average financial turn over of the two respective industries. The pharmaceutical Company generates two thirds of its revenue from external markets; therefore its value has been calculated in reference to average of the international performance of the pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, it is believed that the pharmaceutical industry will be upwardly re-rated if enlisted on stock markets such as the New York Stock Exchange or London Stock Exchange. In this case the reporting boundary is based on the projected growth and average industry performance rather than the equity share of the two subsidiaries. In effect, the social responsibility of delivering health services by the two subsidiaries has greatly influenced the financial projections. The two subsidiaries provide health services to the society, this health sector is one the businesses that is minimally affected by fluctuations in the economic environment.
Is legal entity the only determinant of reporting boundaries? What other extensions of reporting boundary can you suggest?
Traditionally, legal entity has been the sole main determinant of reporting boundaries however this has changed to include other entities such as administrative and accounting entities. In the Mayne Group's case the reporting boundary is set by legal and development entities which is captured in the statement, "Growth by acquisition is not the only strategy for the pharmaceutical division, with earnings growth also depends on licensing and development of its product pipeline." (Godfrey et al, 2006.p. 98) "Generally, report boundaries encompass legal, administrative, accounting and other entities depending on the specific type of business or organization involved." (Financial accounting, 2010) The other reporting entities are vital for the incorporation of the information on various needs of the stakeholders in an organization and impacts on the society, especially on "social, economic and environmental issues." (Morris, 2010.p.34) "This is not only confined to financial information but also for the purpose of qualitative information on the impact of the organization or business entity on the community and environment."(Godfrey et al. 2006.p. 98). The reporting is extended to include the other entities depending on the specific activities of the organization/business and or requirements by the share holders.
In traditional reporting, "The practice was to report only on the financial activities and outcomes for the entity which were supposed to be within the legal frame." (Kothari, 1997.p. 67)More recently there has been a push for incorporation of other information into in the reporting, this has led to the inclusion of other entities other than the legal entity. The common approach to the extension of the reporting boundaries is referred to as the "triple bottom-line accounting which extends the reporting to social, economic and environmental issues." (Champy, 1995.p.243)The triple bottom-line concept was coined by John Elkington, who viewed a business unit as an entity that encompassed economic prosperity, environmental quality and social justice. Thus extensions to reporting boundaries are intended to capture the wide ranging effects of a business entity to the society. "There is no limit to entities to be included in the extension; the purpose of the extension is to certify that the business firm in question is operating within accepted social and environmental guidelines." (Godfrey et al.2006.p. 98) The extension is both beneficial to the organization and the society since both are mutually dependent on each other though it is in the favour of the company or organization since the community has options at its disposal.
Due to the "central role played by the society in any business," the Mayne group should have extended its reporting boundary to capture the impact of the Company's activities on the community. (Gordon, 2008) This may have included the firm's social responsibilities such as; health activities aimed at promoting health and may be a strategy for improvement on health care service delivery, rather than dwelling on financial projections alone. This was particularly important because of the fact that Mayne group Company line is in the health sector. For Example, "A mining firm in Kenya was ejected from the mining site because it had neglected a social responsibility. "(Kemboi, 1996.p. 78)Like the Mayne Group Company the firm only focused on financial position and didn't care for the needs of the "local community from which it drew its much needed labour." (Kemboi 2006.p.128)
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What external factors motivated the decision to split the Mayne group? Why and how do such external factors influence the structure of reporting entities?
Various external factors relating to the pharmaceutical market and rival firms' activities prompted the management to consider splitting the Mayne group. Other multinational pharmaceutical firms were increasing their product ranges which included and were taking over the Mayne group pharmaceutical arms markets. The warning bells were sounded by activities such as; The Teva had acquired injectible generics group Sicor for $US3.4 billion ($4.4 billon) in January 2004 and the Pfzer's Italian generics business for $ 116 million in December. Norvatis acquired Denmark's number two generics group Durascan and Canada's leading producer of injectible medicines, Sabex, in June 2004. This followed the Company's 900 million pounds purchase of Lek, which provided a platform into the strongly growing Eastern Europe market. American Pharmaceutical Partners acquired the European manufacturing facilities and oncology products of US-based Bigmer in July 2004. In relation to the market, the management of Mayne group Company was aware of the rapidly growing external pharmaceutical market. The firm was in dire need of funds to bolster its production and maintain its share in the global arena. The only way to get the much needed funds for growth of the pharmaceutical division was the demerger which could have enabled the pharmaceutical division to realize its net worth of between $ 1.5 billion and $2billion. Another external factor that may have prompted the demerger was the idea of potential listing the Pharmaceutical division as an independent Company on the New York Stock Exchange or London Stock Exchange. Hopefully, this could have led to the upward re-rating of the pharmaceutical division in line with industry averages and provide the much needed funds for Company growth through acquisition.
The external factors that led to the demerger influenced the reporting boundaries in the following ways. First, the Mayne group for the first time reported on the financial projections and estimations of the individual divisions of the Pharmaceutical and healthcare units, traditionally this was considered as a single entity. Secondly, the external pharmaceutical industry was used to determine the value of the pharmaceutical division at $1.5 billion to $2 billion which was arrived at by applying an average of global pharmaceutical industry multiple of 13 times to the divisions earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation. Similarly, applying the EBITDA multiple of between 8 and10 times to the healthcare unit earnings yielded a valuation of $1.5 billion to $2 billion. This led to the specific value of the two divisions exceeding their combined worth. The reporting boundary therefore was extended to include the industry performance of the two divisions which were initially together and this has caused none of them to identify with its respective industry. This also led to the projections of future financial position of the two independent entities which relied very much on each other, For Example the pharmaceutical unit relied on the Cash flows of the healthcare unit to subsidise its growth strategy.
To depict the concept of reporting boundaries that encompasses many different areas the Solvay group can be used as an example. "The Solvay group has 178 production sites, which includes 58 joint ventures that deal in production of plastic pipes and fittings, Inergy Automotive systems which deals with vehicle fuel systems. The company operates in total of 37 countries according to 2007 figures." (Solvay sustainable development, 2010) The Solvay group's reporting boundaries are dependent on the subsidiaries. "Qualitative data on environmental parameters relates to 112 production sites including those operated by the joint ventures where production involves significant releases into the environment. Quantitative data relating to safety refers to all the operations for which the Solvay is in charge of the technical management amounting to 154 sites." (Solvay sustainable development, 2010) The human resource management and policies encompasses all the management units including all the joint ventures in which the Solvay group has the majority shareholding.
Usually the value of a combined business is greater than the sum of the values of individual businesses making up the group. However, the opposite seems to be true in this case.
What is meant by the concept of 'conglomerate discount'? How can the sum-of the-parts value of the company be greater than the group as a whole?
"The term conglomerate refers to a corporation that is made up of different companies that operate in diversified." (Conglomerate discount, 2010) "Conglomerate discount is used to refer to the tendency of the stock markets to undervalue the stocks of a conglomerate business. The conglomerate discount is arrived at by adding an estimated value of each of the subsidiary companies in a conglomerate and subtracting the conglomerate's market capitalization from that value." (Conglomerate discount, 2010) The conglomerate discount is considered to be a stock market's inefficiency and is the primary factor that often leads to demerging of conglomerate businesses. "Some investors have argued that the conglomerate discount is a strategy used by the market to buy undervalued stocks." (Champy, 1995.p. 51)
The sum of the parts values of a company can be greater than the group as a whole under the following circumstances: first, when the conglomerate discount deliberately undervalues the net worth of the company. "This is because in determining the value of a conglomerate company, a conglomerate discount is subtracted from the market capitalization which is not done for one Line Company." (Conglomerate discount, 2010) Secondly, the sum of the parts values of a company can be greater than the group as a whole when the two subsidiaries are in different industry with varied estimation of the net value of a business due to market difference. In the case of the Mayne group the pharmaceutical subsidiary had two thirds of its revenue generated from external market while the healthcare unit concentrated on the Australian Market thus creating a big market difference. When a decision to demerge is considered, the values of the two divisions are calculated by their respective industry which leads to the sum of the value of two individual businesses being higher than the group as a whole.
For example, "warren Buffet, owns a company known as Berkshire Hathaways which has two subsidiaries, one dealing with construction materials and the other dealing with insurance business."(Berkshire Hathaway, 2010) The divisions synergistic in the sense that when one experiences a bad year the other offsets the losses because the units are in totally different fields whose markets cannot fluctuate in the same pattern. In fact the "insurance subsidiary once produced a large surplus which enabled Buffet to invest in different manufacturing and service businesses" (Berkshire Hathaway, 2010)
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There appears to be a significant variance ($500 million) as to the estimated value of each of the entities to be created by the break-up of the Mayne group.
Why would there be such variance in the value of the new entities?
The Mayne Group Company that constitutes a pharmaceutical and healthcare unit is valued at $2.6 billion; the potential demerger intends to divide the company to form an independent healthcare Company and a Pharmaceutical Company. The initial valuation is based on the assets and financial performance of the Company as a whole. This has led to the 'conglomerate discount' where by the value of the components is not reflected in the group holdings structure. The potential demerger leads to valuation of the two units depending on their respective industry performance where by it is agued that the value of the pharmaceutical division at $1.5 billion to $2 billion which was arrived at by applying an average of global pharmaceutical industry multiple of 13 times to the divisions earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation. Similarly, applying the EBITDA multiple of between 8 and10 times to the healthcare unit earnings yielded a valuation of $1.5 billion to $2 billion. These are estimates which are based on particular industry performance. The variance of $500 million in the new entities is due to the unpredictable market behaviour which can fluctuate within a margin that will result in the value of the two entities varying between $1.5billion and $2billion.
The case study of the changing boundaries- sell off may soothe investor's pain provides a classical example of how reporting boundaries can be affected y changing circumstances of a conglomerate corporation. In view of the changing business environment the Mayne group considers the splitting of the two subsidiaries into independent business units. This results in independent valuation of the two divisions which shows that the sum of the two is greater than value of the whole. This brings the concept of conglomerate discount which is thought to play a role in the frustrations of the pharmaceutical arm of the business. Demerging of the two arms is intended to enable the new independent firms to realize growth through new valuations that are industry based. Though this is a welcome move, there are still a number of factors that can cause challenges, for instance the pharmaceutical arm depends on the healthcare unit to provide funds for its subsidised growth strategy and may still face challenges in acquisition of licences and development of a production line new drugs.
Berkshire Hathaway: (2010) Berkshire Hathaway inc. A diversified company with major interest in GEICO, life insurance, annuity sales and sales of jewelry. Headquartered in Omaha, NE. (NYSE: BRK.A and BRK.B). Web.
Champy, JW. (1995) Re engineering Business Management:The Mandate for New Leadership. Glasgow, Harper Collins Publishers.
Conglomerate discount:Investopedia. (2010) Conglomerate Discount – Definition of Conglomerate Discount on Investopedia. Web.
Financial accounting (2010) 'Company Reporting, Financial results: business statements release' JournaJournal of Financial Reporting & Accounting.vol 100(4)-45-b
Godfrey, Hodgson et al. (2006) Accounting theory,6th Edition. Brisbane, John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd
Gordon, J. (2008) Sustainability in global financial reporting and innovation in institutions. Accounting Research Journal.12-3-76-A
Kemboi, H., 1996. Introduction to Accounting Practices: Financial Matters. Nairobi ,East African Publishers.
Kothari, C.(1997) Accounting Principles 2nd edition. New Delhi, Wishwa Prakashan.
Morris, AJ.(2010) 'Company financial information:consolidated statements of financial information.' the financial journal:new standard in business-section 2b.
Solvay Sustainable development (2010) Reporting boundary · Environmental Reporting… Solvay fully recognizes the major challenge that Sustainable Development poses to society. Web.
The Sporty One Store's Marketing Job Qualifications
Domino's Pizza Implementing Order Entry System
BusinessEssay. (2022, December 15). Mayne Group Company: 'Sell-Off May Soothe Investors Pain'. Retrieved from https://business-essay.com/mayne-group-company-sell-off-may-soothe-investors-pain/
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is the 11th single by Japanese entertainer Hikaru Nishida. Written by Takashi Matsumoto and Kyōhei Tsutsumi, the single was released on August 7, 1991, by Pony Canyon.

Background and release
As Nishida had gone through three years without a hit song, her music director Kazuhiro Nagaoka had Matsumoto and Tsutsumi compose a song for her, as the duo's collaborative efforts resulted in the early success of Miho Nakayama. "Tokimeite" was used as the theme song of the TBS drama series .

"Tokimeite" peaked at No. 7 on Oricon's weekly singles chart, becoming Nishida's first and only top-10 single. The single also earned her a performance on the 42nd Kōhaku Uta Gassen in 1991, marking her debut on NHK's New Year's Eve special.

Track listing

Charts

References

External links

1991 singles
1991 songs
Songs with lyrics by Takashi Matsumoto (lyricist)
Songs with music by Kyōhei Tsutsumi
Japanese television drama theme songs
Pony Canyon singles

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text:
Q: Call a function of parent aspx page from web user control i have a aspx page on it i'm dynamically adding the web user controls in a placeholder. and know i have cancel button on the one user control and on click of that Cancel button i want to load other user control inside the aspx page (placeholder).
how can i do that, if i create an event handler in usercontrol then that become null.
thanks

A: A user control should never, ever have any kind of dependency to the page where it lives. Add an event to the control and fire it from the Cancel button event handler.
public event EventHandler CancelClicked;

protected Cancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  if(CancelClicked != null)
  {
    CancelClicked(this, e);
  }
}

From your page, subscribe to the controls's CancelClicked event and do whatever operation should be done on that other user control.

A: I believe the best way to achieve this would to create an event in the user control that is fired when you need it to communicate, then in the page you can subscribe to this event.
Your User Control
Put this in your control as an event variable.
public event EventHandler CancelRequested;

Then in the cancel button click event :
CancelRequested(this, new CommandEventArgs("CancelClicked", SomeVariable));

Your Page (or parent)
Then subscribe to the event in the parent page like this (when you dynamically add it in):
ctrlYourControl.CancelRequested += new EventHandler(ctrlYourControl_CancelRequested);

Declare the event handler :
void ctrlYourControl_CancelRequested(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    // display other user control
}

A: Add this event to your user controls:
public event EventHandler CancelClicked;

Now, this method on your parent aspx page.
public void OnCancelClicked (object sender, EventArgs data)
{
    // do your stuffs like loading other controls and
    // whatever when event fired
}

When you are loading your user control dynamically, add this:
var someControl = LoadControl(@"~\SomeControl.ascx") as SomeControl;
someControl.CancelClicked += new EventHandler(OnCancelClicked);

And on your user controls:
public void btnCancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if(CancelClicked != null)
    {
        CancelClicked(this, e);
    }
}

This should do !

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text:
Why Does Rubber Stretch?
December 20, 2019 by Karen Hill
If there is one statement that will make you a passionate believer in molecules, it's this: Rubber stretches because it is made of stretchy molecules. A rubber band stretches because each of its molecules, all by itself, is built like a miniature rubber band.
Rubber molecules are shaped like long, skinny worms, all coiled and curled up, but capable of being straightened out by appropriate tugs on their heads and tails. A piece of rubber is like a can of these worms, all tangled together.
But think: You couldn't straighten out a whole snarl of worms by grabbing a head and a tail at random and tugging them apart; they would just slide past one another (unless they belonged to the same unfortunate critter). The two would have to be tied to each other in some way, so that a tug on one worm would get transmitted to its neighbor, and then to its neighbor's neighbor, and so on.
What we need is a can of worms that are spot-welded to one another in various places: Siamese worms, joined at the hip in various locations along their lengths. (Okay, so worms don't have hips, but you get the point.)
That's what the molecules of rubber are really like. But not at first, when the latex sap drips out of the rubber tree and is congealed and pressed into a sticky glob. Its molecules aren't spot-welded together very much, and especially when warmed they can slide easily over one another and the stuff becomes soft and gooey. A ball made out of raw rubber would hit the floor with a dull thud. And don't even think of making tires.
Humans therefore have to come along and accomplish the spot-welding themselves. They use a simple process called vulcanizing: heating the rubber together with sulfur. The sulfur atoms form bridges, or cross-links, between the rubber molecules, which allow them to stretch out to a certain extent, but unremittingly urge them back to their initial positions. That's why treated rubber is elastic: The molecules will stretch, but the cross-links will always bring them back.
Vulcanization makes wimpy, sticky raw rubber tough enough to be used in tires.
The process was discovered in 1839 by Charles Goodyear (1800–1860), yes, that Good-year, who had been trying for ten years to find a way of making rubber tougher until he accidentally spilled some rubber mixed with sulfur onto a hot stove and it became tough and elastic. His discovery made him famous but not rich, and he died deep in debt. That's the way the ball bounces.
Find a sturdy rubber band, at least a quarter of an inch (about half a centimeter) wide, and touch it briefly to your upper lip to test its temperature. Now stretch it quickly and while it's stretched, touch it again to your upper lip. It's warmer than it was.
What made it heat up?
When you stretched the rubber band, you put energy into it, didn't you? That energy warmed it up. The energy came from your muscles, and you'll have to eat a calorie or so of food to replenish it.
When a rubber band is stretched, its stretched-out molecules are in a more orderly arrangement, more lined up, than they were in its unstretched, jumbled-up state. As every-body knows from doing housework, orderliness can be achieved only by putting energy into the job. So the stretched-out molecules must contain more energy, they're hotter, than the relaxed, unstretched molecules.
I have just sneaked in on you one consequence of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. This law of nature expresses the relation between energy and entropy, the degree of disorderliness of an arrangement. That's dis orderliness: the degree of random, haphazard scrambling. The Second Law recognizes that Nature's natural tendencies are (a) for energy to decrease, things tend to slow down and cool down, and (b) for entropy or disorderliness to increase, things tend to randomize and scatter.
If you want to counteract the tendency for higher disorderliness (higher entropy), you have to increase the energy of the arrangement. That's an inevitable fact of nature; everything that happens is a trade-off between energy and entropy.
What is the Difference between Natural Rubber, Synthetic Rubber, and Silicone Rubber Kitchen Utensils?
Can the rubber tires of my bicycle offer the same protection from lightning as a car's rubber tires?
Who discovered rubber and Where did the word "rubber" originate?
Why is There a Seventh-Inning Stretch During a Baseball Game and How Did it Originate?
Why Do Rubber Bands Melt and Disintegrate As They Age and How Does UV Light and Heat Speed Up the Process?
Why Can't Anyone Wear the Rubber Belt?
Filed Under: Science


In Kohana 2, html::script() and html::stylesheet() accepted an array or string as their first arguments. This allowed you to easily add multiple script and style tags simultaneously without needing to write several lines of redundant code. Kohana 3 has removed this useful functionality so I thought I'd write a very quick extension to add it back in. The following adds HTML::scripts() and HTML::styles() functions (Kohana 3 slightly renamed their functions to HTML::script() and HTML::style() respectively).
Note: Both functions accept the latter 2 parameters available in Kohana 3 HTML::script() and HTML::style(). If given, these arguments will be applied to every element in the provided array.


12 Days of Christmas | 6 Merry Merry Cards + Giveaway Winners!
First things first, the winner of the YouTube giveaway is Bonnie Shults!
Congratulations Bonnie, I've sent a message to your YouTube account, please reply back with your address and I'll get your package in the mail.
And the Instagram winner is Abby!
Congratulations Abby – I've sent you a PM, please reply with your address and I'll get your package in the mail.
I LOOOVE this mason jar sticker! I always find that with the sticker/ephemera sets I find one or two things I want about 10 copies of.
Those iridescent snowflakes are definitely one of my favorite buys this year. That jar is jam packed and will last for quite a while.
A perfect sentiment to go with a snow-filled shaker window.
Over the river and through the woods…I'm still singing it in my head.
The snowy windows on the car are a great touch – I hope you can see that accent, a bunch of these stickers have a beautiful, sparkly glitter texture added to them.
Year after year I go back to these Mama Elephant sentiments – they are fantastic, I think they go with just about any type of card you want to make.
#3 is for sure my favorite. These elves – too cute for words.
Don't be afraid to cut into ephemera to alter it if it's not exactly what you need. I often cut into stamps to change sentiments and then totally forget about it with embellishments.
I've used my trusty SSS Envelope Liner die to cut out some additional papers from this pack to give those envelopes a little something special.
I love the home-spunny look of this card. I think it would be just perfect to add to a plate of cookies you're giving to the neighbors.
Do you like gingerbread cookies? We make them every year and I always think they smell so good, but I don't really like the taste of them.
Could there be a more perfect liner for that envelope?
Super simple, just really easy and to the point.
That blue floral paper – so gorgeous!
Again that blue paper…ahh. I really love the mix of adding that pink chart too. It's really different, but I think it works.
I've been doubling up jute for bows on a lot of my recent cards. I like the look of the separate strands.
How great is that unexpected pop of icy blue?


Central Air Conditioner units are more efficient than window or through-the-wall units resulting in fewer environmentally harmful emissions while saving you money. They are also out of the way, quiet, and convenient to operate.
In an average air conditioned home, air conditioning consumes more than 2000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year, causing about 3,500 pounds of carbon dioxide and 31 pounds of sulfur dioxide to be emitted at the power plant and, at average electricity prices, costs you about $150. In warmer seasons and climates those numbers can be doubled or even higher.


WHEN you help people succeed, you too will have success.
For entrepreneur Kelie Ko, running a business isn't all about making profits. One key ingredient to business success, he said, is building excellent employees.
Now part of the third generation, Ko is pushing for employee empowerment to make them effective workers in today's workplace setup.
Ko took up legal management at the Ateneo de Manila University but decided to join the family business, Atlas Cebu Corn Mill Corp., where he now sits as one of the board members along with his siblings.
Ko admitted he was apprehensive of his decision at first, noting that fresh college graduates normally seek jobs in the corporate world, eager to prove their worth to themselves and their families.
"Back then, I thought of our business as unglamorous because you could go there while you were wearing slippers. But when I started getting engaged and involved with our people, everything changed," said Ko.
From helping the family run Atlas Cebu Corn Mill, Ko now manages the family's realty firm, KGK Management Inc. He took a postgraduate course in property development from the University of New South Wales.
"Back in college, architecture was in my heart. It offers a different kind of fulfillment because it's tangible. However, I wasn't able to pursue that career until today, when I'm now running the family's property development and management company," he said.
Ko's family owns several properties in Cebu, which are now converted into warehouses and commercial and residential projects. Among these are CTK Lucky Warehouses and the North Road Plaza building.
Ko said his parents made a wiser decision back then of investing in properties rather than putting all their hard-earned money in the bank.
Ko is the chairman of the Mandaue Business Month, an annual activity organized by the Mandaue Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
He described himself as the shy type who recently came out of his shell after his exposure to the various activities organized by the business chamber.
My path to becoming an entrepreneur seemed like a natural evolution. We were raised by a family of entrepreneurs. I grew up helping my parents run our business.
I was in high school when I dipped my toe into what running a business is like. My two months of school summer break was compressed into one week because I was encouraged to help in the business. That became my foundation. I was exposed to business early on.
Who inspired you to get into business?
Besides learning a lot from my parents and their stories of hard work and persistence, it was the fulfillment of seeing our own people become successful that made me grateful for the opportunity that was given to me.
Thoughts of joining the corporate world and carving my own name never left my mind. But what made me stay and love what I am doing are our employees. It feels good to see them excel (in their jobs).
Ours is a family-run business. Our management style is treating everyone as a family member. Through working for the family, I am able to give back to our employees the help they extended in helping us grow our business.
My parents were my inspiration too.
Dad worked for 16 hours a day, and that taught me hard work really goes a long way. My mom, on the other hand, values education. I pursued postgraduate studies because of her influence, and that taught me that continuous learning helps one get ahead in life.
When did you realize this was what you were meant to do?
Working in the family business gave me the opportunity to nurture and develop the skills of our employees and empower them.
Business isn't just about achieving bottom lines; it is also about taking care of the people who work for us. They are our important assets.
Why did you pick this type of business or industry?
When I was asked to manage the family's property business, it was a job I welcomed with open arms. Architecture was close to my heart.
For me, it offered a different sense of fulfillment, something that is tangible.
At KGK Management Inc., we always strive to become a responsible developer. I believe that a developer has the responsibility to shape the kind of community he is building. He has a big responsibility to the environment, too.
Where did you get the training you needed to succeed?
It was my mom who instilled in us the importance of furthering our studies. She inspired us to continue learning. In fact, we became classmates along with my sister when we took an MBA degree from the Ateneo de Manila's Regis MBA program.
After that, she inspired me to pursue a course in property studies. I took a master's degree in property development from the University of New South Wales. There, I learned about real estate as a financial asset, a tool that could give one recurring income in the future. However, it's sad to see people who just buy properties just for the "pride of ownership." This "pride" most of the time causes us that wrong decision in property investment.
I don't really see setbacks in business as failures because they are opportunities to learn, improve and grow. Whether it is a business that you start from scratch, or a business handed down to you, failures or challenges provide valuable benefits. You will only know your limits if you explore them and failures will help you determine what you can or can't do.


text:
By Russ Klettke January 30, 2015
Envy the Pacific Northwest. Due to its extensive hydroelectric power generation, the region has remarkably inexpensive energy, and in many locales, geothermal energy—170-degree-Fahrenheit water produced by the Earth's mantle—is tapped to heat buildings and run steam turbines. The Northwest has used renewable resources for decades.
INSIDE THE DESIGN
Three CSHQA staffers describe the features that make their office tick
Amy Dockter, electrical engineer of record (lighting/power distribution)
"Providing natural light in the space enlivens the environment. Task lighting is provided at each desk to supplement the lighting at night and on overcast days. Daylighting and bright areas are great for mood and when performing written tasks, but less lighting is typically needed, and preferred, for those with computer-in- tensive tasks. We tried to analyze the different areas of the building and locate employees in the areas most conducive to their tasks."
Russ Pratt, lead mechanical engineer
"The geothermal heating system is not much different from a well-designed boiler system. There are no pipes open to the atmosphere so we don't smell it or see any rise in humidity. The brazed plate heat exchanger is about the size of a briefcase—versus a boiler 50 times larger—so it doesn't take up much space in the mechanical room."
Danielle Weaver, architect and project coordinator
"We have many sustainable features- such as secure bike storage, recycle bins at each desk, showers, and locker rooms. Our central downtown location also allows employees to walk to work or use public transit. We also redesigned our existing cubicles to provide a more open feel throughout the office, which naturally lends itself to collaboration. I really feel like I am part of a cohesive unit with the absence of barriers."
Boise-based architecture firm CSHQA is worthy of at least as much envy. Regardless of the low-cost energy available in Idaho, president Kent Hanway and his entire team decided to go all-in on sustainability for their new offices. "It's important for our company to be a leader, to walk the talk," says Hanway, whose firm designed its first sustainable school building in the 1970s.
Located in Boise's city center, the building is an adaptive reuse of a 60-year-old warehouse. Drawing from the municipal geothermal system, it channels water through 5/8-inch tubes embedded throughout the single-story structure's concrete floor. In warmer months, this radiant floor system switches over to cool municipal water. Overhead, cloth ducts with small vents spaced every eight inches maintain ventilation without the pronounced drafts that occur with metal ductwork.
Also overhead and along perimeter walls are skylights and windows that provide diffused light; electric lights automatically dim when natural light strengthens. This is a sustainable and healthier approach that even manages the tricky nature of the sun's path throughout the course of a day. Design staff can manually adjust desk lighting as needed, and because the building had a freight-loading zone in its previous life, the canopy that once shielded trucks from rain and snow was retained to block afternoon sun, reducing both glare and heat gain.
Where the designers got particularly inventive was in developing a heat-capture system off their desktop computers. The computer exhaust fans are shrouded, connected to a two-inch-diameter conduit that feeds a six-inch spine that runs between adjacent cubicles. In winter, the heat flows through an exchanger to warm incoming air, and in summer, it is sent outside.
This building is only the second in Boise to seek LEED Platinum certification, but "there are many more LEED buildings in development," says John Maulin, CSHQA's executive vice president and director. "Even with our lower energy costs, a long-term owner can see a favorable ROI." Other green features include LED fixtures, sustainable landscaping, and an efficient building envelope.


text:
// Code generated by client-gen. DO NOT EDIT.

package v1beta1

import (
	"time"

	v1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	types "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
	watch "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
	rest "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
	v1beta1 "knative.dev/eventing/pkg/apis/eventing/v1beta1"
	scheme "knative.dev/eventing/pkg/client/clientset/versioned/scheme"
)

// TriggersGetter has a method to return a TriggerInterface.
// A group's client should implement this interface.
type TriggersGetter interface {
	Triggers(namespace string) TriggerInterface
}

// TriggerInterface has methods to work with Trigger resources.
type TriggerInterface interface {
	Create(*v1beta1.Trigger) (*v1beta1.Trigger, error)
	Update(*v1beta1.Trigger) (*v1beta1.Trigger, error)
	UpdateStatus(*v1beta1.Trigger) (*v1beta1.Trigger, error)
	Delete(name string, options *v1.DeleteOptions) error
	DeleteCollection(options *v1.DeleteOptions, listOptions v1.ListOptions) error
	Get(name string, options v1.GetOptions) (*v1beta1.Trigger, error)
	List(opts v1.ListOptions) (*v1beta1.TriggerList, error)
	Watch(opts v1.ListOptions) (watch.Interface, error)
	Patch(name string, pt types.PatchType, data []byte, subresources ...string) (result *v1beta1.Trigger, err error)
	TriggerExpansion
}

// triggers implements TriggerInterface
type triggers struct {
	client rest.Interface
	ns     string
}

// newTriggers returns a Triggers
func newTriggers(c *EventingV1beta1Client, namespace string) *triggers {
	return &triggers{
		client: c.RESTClient(),
		ns:     namespace,
	}
}

// Get takes name of the trigger, and returns the corresponding trigger object, and an error if there is any.
func (c *triggers) Get(name string, options v1.GetOptions) (result *v1beta1.Trigger, err error) {
	result = &v1beta1.Trigger{}
	err = c.client.Get().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		Name(name).
		VersionedParams(&options, scheme.ParameterCodec).
		Do().
		Into(result)
	return
}

// List takes label and field selectors, and returns the list of Triggers that match those selectors.
func (c *triggers) List(opts v1.ListOptions) (result *v1beta1.TriggerList, err error) {
	var timeout time.Duration
	if opts.TimeoutSeconds != nil {
		timeout = time.Duration(*opts.TimeoutSeconds) * time.Second
	}
	result = &v1beta1.TriggerList{}
	err = c.client.Get().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		VersionedParams(&opts, scheme.ParameterCodec).
		Timeout(timeout).
		Do().
		Into(result)
	return
}

// Watch returns a watch.Interface that watches the requested triggers.
func (c *triggers) Watch(opts v1.ListOptions) (watch.Interface, error) {
	var timeout time.Duration
	if opts.TimeoutSeconds != nil {
		timeout = time.Duration(*opts.TimeoutSeconds) * time.Second
	}
	opts.Watch = true
	return c.client.Get().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		VersionedParams(&opts, scheme.ParameterCodec).
		Timeout(timeout).
		Watch()
}

// Create takes the representation of a trigger and creates it.  Returns the server's representation of the trigger, and an error, if there is any.
func (c *triggers) Create(trigger *v1beta1.Trigger) (result *v1beta1.Trigger, err error) {
	result = &v1beta1.Trigger{}
	err = c.client.Post().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		Body(trigger).
		Do().
		Into(result)
	return
}

// Update takes the representation of a trigger and updates it. Returns the server's representation of the trigger, and an error, if there is any.
func (c *triggers) Update(trigger *v1beta1.Trigger) (result *v1beta1.Trigger, err error) {
	result = &v1beta1.Trigger{}
	err = c.client.Put().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		Name(trigger.Name).
		Body(trigger).
		Do().
		Into(result)
	return
}

// UpdateStatus was generated because the type contains a Status member.
// Add a +genclient:noStatus comment above the type to avoid generating UpdateStatus().

func (c *triggers) UpdateStatus(trigger *v1beta1.Trigger) (result *v1beta1.Trigger, err error) {
	result = &v1beta1.Trigger{}
	err = c.client.Put().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		Name(trigger.Name).
		SubResource("status").
		Body(trigger).
		Do().
		Into(result)
	return
}

// Delete takes name of the trigger and deletes it. Returns an error if one occurs.
func (c *triggers) Delete(name string, options *v1.DeleteOptions) error {
	return c.client.Delete().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		Name(name).
		Body(options).
		Do().
		Error()
}

// DeleteCollection deletes a collection of objects.
func (c *triggers) DeleteCollection(options *v1.DeleteOptions, listOptions v1.ListOptions) error {
	var timeout time.Duration
	if listOptions.TimeoutSeconds != nil {
		timeout = time.Duration(*listOptions.TimeoutSeconds) * time.Second
	}
	return c.client.Delete().
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		VersionedParams(&listOptions, scheme.ParameterCodec).
		Timeout(timeout).
		Body(options).
		Do().
		Error()
}

// Patch applies the patch and returns the patched trigger.
func (c *triggers) Patch(name string, pt types.PatchType, data []byte, subresources ...string) (result *v1beta1.Trigger, err error) {
	result = &v1beta1.Trigger{}
	err = c.client.Patch(pt).
		Namespace(c.ns).
		Resource("triggers").
		SubResource(subresources...).
		Name(name).
		Body(data).
		Do().
		Into(result)
	return
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Root resorption (RR) refers to noninfectious damage related to the loss of hard and soft dental tissue that results from clastic cell activity. It is observed as a pathologic process that is predominantly asymptomatic in the permanent dentition and physiological during the shedding of primary teeth. Roots are protected by unmineralized organic cementoid and predentine. RR occurs because of the inability of the clastic cells to adhere to unmineralized surfaces. Since the first RR classification was described by Andreasen in the 1970s, several classifications have been proposed with diverse terminology. A narrative literature review was undertaken on the current classification, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of RR. A bibliographic search resulted in 434 titles and abstracts, and from those, 17 articles were obtained that alluded to 15 RR classifications. A total of 28 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included. Results showed that Andreasen's classification is the most widely used for classifying RR. In terms of epidemiologic data, studies are scarce, although RR pathophysiology is well described in the literature. Overall clinical guidelines are summarized in a new RR classification diagram. The choice of RR treatment application should be in line with the RR type and the dentist's experience. However, an earlier and correct diagnosis will significantly improve final outcomes and long-term prognosis, especially with the current evolution of advanced imaging techniques, such as cone-beam computed tomography and bioceramic-based endodontic sealers.


I attended the Silicon Valley AMA Marketing Thought Event at the Santa Clara Convention Center. The event was focused on ideas or concepts that solves the challenges we face today. What is the next big idea to change the face of marketing? Many thanks to President Gene Hall and the folks at SVAMA for putting on such an inspirational event.
There was an associated marketing thought publishing contest for the best idea. I was deeply honored when my entry "Web 2.0 Makes You ReThink the Basics" was chosen as the winner! The model below will be published in a book on Marketing Thought in September.
This is a model that I often use with Crimson clients in the Interactive Practice when doing web strategy or web marketing. It provides us with an innovative way to think about the more traditional "acquisition, retention and growth" marketing model in a modern way. It was great validation of the work we are doing in Web 2.0. There was a lot of fantastic marketing ideas submitted in the contest - you can see all of them in the SVAMA's blog.
There were many fabulous speakers at the event: Robert Goodwin from Gartner Research shared his insights on the "Ten most Effective Marketing Activities" and Tony Palazzo of Jack Morton talked about nGuage a new analytics measurement tool. Andy Sernovitz spoke about Word of Mouth Marketing - I loved his comment that "Advertising is the Price of Being Boring" ... basically that everyone should have something compelling that can be said about them that can be leveraged in WOM marketing! I picked up his book and I will do a review of it at some point. Guy Kawasaki told us about his new venture Truemors, which he was proud to tell us he launched in 7 days for a total of $12,107.09... in his lively talk there was a good lesson - which is that anyone can bootstrap a Web 2.0 company these days at minimum cost and in record time.