text:
ShipEcharter
World's FIRST & ONLY Explosives Shipping Portal
Arabic Chinese (Simplified) Dutch English French German Greek Hindi Indonesian Italian Korean Malay Portuguese Russian Spanish
Smart Decisions
Beirut Blast:
The tragic Beirut Blast has drawn varying reactions from anguish to anger or despair to dismay. And naturally our hearts go out to the residents and victims of the City of Beirut whose lives have been devastated with this incident.
As reports emerged that Ammonium Nitrate was the Chemical tragically involved in the explosion and following devastation to the port and city of Beirut, previous world events involving this product immediately flash in our minds. From Tianjin, China to Texas, USA or from Ryongchon, North Korea to Oppau, Germany, memories stream through and quite instinctively I can see Ports and Ship Owners in their boardroom huddles asking each other the pointed questions on what should be our approach on Ammonium Nitrate handling and storage going forward.
One would expect, quite instinctively, the reactions to incidents of such magnitude has to express grave concern with this product at the bare minimum for those who do not have intimate knowledge of Ammonium Nitrate and its properties. Suffice to say the Explosives Grade Ammonium Nitrate industry is highly regulated in most countries as well as globally through the UN Recommendation on the Transport of Dangerous Goods – Manual of Test and Criteria, Model Regulations Volume 1 and 2, International Maritime Dangerous Goods Regulations, IMO Recommendations on the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods and Related Activities in Port Areas etc. etc.
In my opinion, it is not the lack of adequate regulatory control (plenty of which is in place) but the lack of the application of knowledge and experience that leads to incidents such as this. The key here is "application" – knowledge and experience exceeding perhaps a 100 years is out there but it just needs to be sought out to avert such disasters.
When in doubt, I would urge you to reach out to the experts in your network before you take action or make a decision on a new path forward with Ammonium Nitrate. Alternatively, you can contact myself and I will be either happy to assist or put you in touch with a relevant expert in that area. We need to collectively support the industry with our collective knowledge and experience over a hundred years as millions of tons of Ammonium Nitrate will continue to be moved from Plant to Pit to keep mining ticking along!
Brian Devaraj
BEIRUT BLAST PROMPTS AMMONIUM NITRATE DEBATE
Source:- TheDCN 7th August, 2020
AN EXPLOSION at Beirut port, blamed upon the dangerous storage of ammonium nitrate, has prompted discussion about how this chemical is being both stored and handled in Australia.
The blast killed in the order of 100 people and devastated the port and surrounding areas.
Shipping company CMA CGM Group, which has a large presence in Beirut, has issued a further statement confirming the death of one of their staff members.
"We are deeply affected by this tragedy and extend our condolences to his family, colleagues and all of his loved ones," the company said in a statement.
There are four ammonium nitrate manufacturing plants in Australia; Kwinana Western Australia (CSBP Wesfarmers), Newcastle NSW (Orica), Gladstone Queensland (Orica) and Moura Queensland (Queensland Nitrates).
Ammonium nitrate is used in mining.
The proximity of some of these locations to human populations has prompted some to question whether they are appropriate for storage.
The Orica storage facility near Newcastle, adjacent to Newcastle Port, is one that has generated discussion.
Newcastle's stockpile of between 6,000 to 12,000 tonnes is stored at Orica's Kooragang Island plant in the Port of Newcastle, according to the company.
"It's a totally inappropriate place to have such a dangerous material produced and stored, and it's something we've been complaining about for many, many years," said chemical engineer and community campaigner Keith Craig.
In a statement to the ABC, Orica said thousands of tonnes of ammonium nitrate is stored at the site on any given day, but "stringent practices" were in place.
"Ammonium nitrate storage areas are fire resistant and built exclusively from non-flammable materials," the statement said.
"There are no flammable sources within designated exclusion zones around these areas."
The company told the ABC operations on Kooragang Island were highly regulated under numerous state and federal standards, and the facility holds a Major Hazard Facility licence.
Port of Newcastle head of corporate communications Sam Collyer said ammonium nitrate was never stored at the port.
"The product is removed from the berth by truck immediately after its arrival," Mr Collyer said.
Melbourne University chemicals expert Dr Gabriel Silva, who has been to Kooragang Island several times, said ammonium nitrate posed little risk with appropriate storage.
"The real message is, if you handle this material as you should, and as we know to so safely, then the risk is minimised," Dr Silva told DCN.
Meanwhile the Maritime Union has issued a statement linking the Beirut blast with the use of foreign-flagged ships.
According to the MUA, the union had "repeatedly warned" the Australian government that the reliance on poorly-regulated foreign flag-of-convenience vessels — like the "unseaworthy" Russian-owned, Moldovan-flagged Rhosus which delivered the explosive material to Beirut —posed "a significant safety risk".
"The situation in Beirut, where a dangerous cargo arrived on an unseaworthy flag-of-convenience vessel that lacked the ability to safely store it, could easily be repeated in Australia," MUA national secretary Paddy Crumlin said.
"Dangerous goods like weapons-grade ammonium nitrate come in and out of Australian ports on flag-of-convenience ships without any process to ensure they can safely carry that dangerous cargo, or that their crew members don't pose security risks."
The Biggest Ammonium Nitrate Explosions Since 2000
Source:- VisualCapitalist
This week, a massive explosion involving ammonium nitrate rocked the city of Beirut, sending shock waves through the media.
This recent tragedy is devastating, and unfortunately, it's not the first time this dangerous chemical compound has caused widespread damage.
Today's graphic outlines the biggest accidental ammonium nitrate explosions over the last 20 years.
A Brief Explanation of Ammonium Nitrate
Before getting into the details, first thing's first—what is ammonium nitrate?
Ammonium nitrate is formed when ammonia gas is combined with liquid nitric acid. The chemical compound is widely used in agriculture as a fertilizer, but it's also used in mining explosives. It's highly combustible when combined with oils and other fuels, but not flammable on its own unless exposed to extremely high temperatures.
It's actually relatively tough for a fire to cause an ammonium nitrate explosion—but that hasn't stopped it from happening numerous times in the last few decades.
The Death Toll
Some explosions involving ammonium nitrate have been deadlier than others. Here's a breakdown of the death toll from each blast:
One of the deadliest explosions happened in Tianjin, China in 2015. A factory was storing flammable chemicals with ammonium nitrate, and because they weren't being stored properly, one of the chemicals got too dry and caught fire. The blast killed 165 people and caused $1.1 billion dollars in damage.
In 2001, 14 years before the explosion in Tianjin, a factory exploded in Toulouse, France. The accident killed 30 people and injured 2,500. The power of the blast was equivalent to 20 to 40 tons of TNT, meaning that 40 to 80 tons of ammonium nitrate would have ignited.
In addition to factory explosions, there have been several transportation accidents involving ammonium nitrate. In 2007, a truck in Mexico blew up and killed over 57 people. Filled with explosives, the truck crashed into a pickup, caught fire, and detonated. The blast left a 60-foot long crater in its wake.
While there have been several ammonium nitrate accidents throughout history, the recent tragedy in Beirut is one of the largest accidental explosions ever recorded, with 157 deaths and 5,000 injuries and counting.
In terms of TNT equivalent, a measure used to gauge the impact of an explosion, it ranks in the top 10 of the largest accidental explosions in history:
Topping the list is yet another ammonium nitrate explosion, this time back in 1947.
Known to history as the Texas City Disaster, the port accident was one of the biggest non-nuclear explosions to occur in history. The explosion killed over 500 people and injured thousands. The impact from the blast was so intense, it created a 15-foot wave that crashed along the docks and caused flooding in the area.
A Resource With Trade-Offs
Despite being dangerous, ammonium nitrate is still a valuable resource. There's been an increased demand for the chemical from North America's agricultural sector, and because of this, ammonium nitrate's market size is expected to see an increase of more than 3% by 2026.
Because of its increasing market size, it's more important than ever for trade industries to enforce proper safety measures when storing and transporting ammonium nitrate. When safety regulations aren't followed, accidents can happen—and as we saw this week, the aftermath can be devastating.
Ports around the world review ammonia nitrate storage plans in wake of Beirut blast
Source:- splash247 11th August 2020
Ports around the world are actively reviewing their ammonia nitrate storage guidelines in the wake of last Tuesday's terrible explosions that decimated much of the Lebanese capital, Beirut.
Ammonium nitrate is formed when ammonia gas is combined with liquid nitric acid. The chemical compound is widely used in agriculture as a fertiliser, but it's also used in mining explosives. Around 2,750 tons of it was stored for seven years near fireworks in a warehouse in the port of Beirut before going up in a gigantic fireball seven days ago leading to the deaths of more than 160 people with many more still unaccounted for.
On the ground at the disaster zone chemical experts and firefighters are working to secure at least 20 potentially dangerous chemical containers at the port, after finding one that was leaking.
Lebanese security officials warned the prime minister and president as recently as last month that the ammonium nitrate stored in the port posed a security risk and could destroy the capital if it exploded. Earlier warnings from port officials had also been ignored by the authorities.
Lebanon's president has asked investigation authorities to look into any signs of "external interference" that may have caused the blast.
"The cause has not been determined yet. There is a possibility of external interference through a rocket or bomb or other act," President Michel Aoun said.
Aoun, who had previously said explosive material was stored unsafely for years at the port, said the investigation would also weigh if the blast was due to negligence or an accident. Twenty people had been detained so far.
Online publication Visual Capitalist has provided a chart carrying details of the biggest ammonium nitrate explosions over the past 20 years, with Beirut's blast dwarfing every other one combined so far this century.
Sri Lanka Ports Authority assures safe handling of dangerous cargo under UN regulations
Source:- PortNews 20th August 2020
The Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) assured the business community and the general public that all Lankan seaports were safe from dangerous cargo as they were handled in conformity with UN regulations.
This assurance came from Sri Lanka Ports Authority Chairman General Daya Ratnayake in the aftermath of the explosion at the Beirut seaport in Lebanon last week, where 2750 tonnes of Ammonium Nitrate, imported and stored from 2014, exploded. The SLPA Chairman was responding to a question from Local Media as to whether similar threats existed in the Sri Lankan seaports as well.
This also follows President Gotabaya Rajapaksa telephoning the SLPA Chairman last Wednesday during which the President had told him to take fresh stock of the situation and to rectify any shortcomings if there were any. This was followed by a meeting on Friday morning which was chaired by the SLPA Chairman which had SLPA officials, Customs officials the four Terminal Operators, Jaye Container Terminal (JCT), South Asia Gateway Terminals (SAGT) which operates Queen Elizabeth Quay and Colombo International Container Terminals which operates the Colombo Terminal of the Colombo South Port.
The SLPA Chairman told local media that there were the Ports of Colombo, Galle, Trincomalee and Hambantota which came under the SLPA. He said that there were various cargoes which included explosives, dangerous chemicals which were handled by the ports, but which were handled and discharged under the guidelines of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the security arm of the United Nations. These guidelines have been specified by the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code and the nine categories under that are: Explosive materials (Class 1), Gases (Class 2), Flammable Liquids (Class 3), Flammable Solids (Class 4), Oxidizing Substances and Organic Pesticides (Class 5), Toxic and Infectious Substances (Class 6), Radioactive Materials (Class 7), Corrosive Materials (Class 8) and Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances ( Class 9)
Meanwhile, SLPA Additional Managing Director, Upali de Zoysa, told the local media, that all the port operators have taken the maximum precautious regarding the handling of dangerous cargo while taking the minimum risk in accordance with the UN regulations.
He said that a majority of the cases where explosives were imported were the three Armed Forces which were also discharged expeditiously. If certain items which were not collected by the consignee, they would be auctioned by the Port Operators within 21 days, he said.
Further to my last post on the Beirut Blast on 4th August 2020, I read with interest the attached article on the situation with the safe handling of dangerous goods at Sri Lankan Ports. While it is heartening to note that the SLPA has sprung into action to review the risk profile of its ports with respect to handling of all Classes of Dangerous Goods including Class 5.1 Ammonium Nitrate, it concerns me that the reference point is the IMDG which I would respectfully point out that this IMO (IMDG)Code is specifically focussed on Carriage of Dangerous Goods on board ships and does not pertain to storage and handling of Dangerous Goods in Port Areas. While there may be some common principles that can be drawn, the conditions and risk profile of a dangerous cargo on board a ship is quite different to that in a Port Area. At best the IMO Publication: Revised Recommendations on the Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes and Related Activities IN Port Areas 2007 Revised Edition should be a good point of reference when it comes to assessing the risk profile of a port with respect to dangerous goods. This publication is somewhat limited on Class specific guidance – it covers Class 1 Explosives and Class 7 Radioactives in some detail albeit limited but does not cover other Classes including Class 5.1 Ammonium Nitrate. This is where ports handling such dangerous cargoes need to engage with industry experts on logistics of such dangerous cargoes to ensure the risks associated with handling and storage are identified and adequate controls are in place to ensure the Port is operating, at bare minimum, at ALARP (as low as reasonably practicable) risk levels. It would be recommended that a detailed Class specific (product specific if warranted) SOP be drafted and posted on the Port Website for easy access for all port users. A quick check on some Port websites indicate this is not the case which perhaps needs to be addressed with urgency to ensure lessons learnt from past incidents are not ignored.
By ShipEcharter
Next PostHow ShipEcharter Works
Post your Cargoes & Ships
ShipEcharter Goes Live with Pilot Program launch
Best Shipment Portal
How ShipEcharter Works
Copyright (c) All rights reserved 2022


This is a little surprising matter when someone says that for bodybuilding, he needs to consume Viagra. It is known that Sildenafil, the main compound of Viagra can help increase the sexual potent. However, over the period, the same substance can boost up the body with prominent prowess. This is certainly not related to the muscular prowess, because Viagra does not have such a quality. It can keep the health in a static condition for sure. As an example, people can consume Viagra to set up their bodies to a proper level. The heart rate, pulse pressure and many other things can stay perfect with the help of Viagra. At the same time, the testosterone suppression by common anabolic steroids can also be overturned by using the blue pills.
In order to boost up the body in a proper way, it will be better to talk to the experts to learn whether using Viagra will be perfect for the users. It is a basic factor for the users, who can consume the substance over the period and maintain a proper balance between bodybuilding schedules and usual lifestyle. The life cycle should not be hampered anyway due to the anabolic steroid use. It will be better to talk to the experts in this regard so that the people, using anabolic steroids can use Viagra to boost up the body sensually. This is a big deal for the users. The users, who do not prefer to be on the steroids for a long period, may also choose HGH and over the period and turn on to Viagra to keep their sexual potent intact. This is a big deal for the users to understand how to use Viagra for supporting the body. The experts can help them solve their confusions.
Now, it will be better to come to the point why people need to buy Gentech Labs Viagra. In order to buy Viagra, people do not always need to show a prescription. In order to get the Viagra for bodybuilding, especially to keep up with the sexual potent, it will be better for the users to talk to the experts and depend on the sellers, which have reputation for selling the best substances to the users. The manufacturer can provide the best services to the users and therefore, it will be ideal for the users to get in touch with the Gentech Labs medicines or steroids. Some of the steroids are certainly used as medications and in the case of Viagra, one can coin it as a medication as well as a sexual potent enhancing drug, because the substance can actually benefit the body by enhancing sexual potent and take care of other factors of the body, which may be considered crucial from the point of bodybuilding schedules.
It will be better to buy Gentech Labs Viagra, but avoiding the experts will be bad enough even in the case of using Viagra. In order to boost up the body, people need to talk to the experts so that they can suggest the users properly regarding how to use the substance in order to boost the physical prowess and retain the sexual potent without troubling the normal secretion of testosterone from testes that supposedly get affected by random use of muscle enhancing bodybuilding drugs.


It's what you choose to reveal. The 032c Workshop Brief in black is a classically shaped women's bikini brief. The "032c Workshop" logo is woven systematically across the black waistband at the front and back. Construction is from soft stretchy cotton and tonal stitching, cut to make a statement. That's the easy part covered. The rest is up to you.
Orders for 032c Brief are non-refundable.


Just finished a quick conversion from octopress to hugo, the hugo learning curve was a little high, as it doesn't have a ton of opinions about your site; unlike octopress. But with the help of these two blogs, and the hugo site documentation I have almost everything working.
Kubernetes and Openstack Why Torus?


Help keep your Library a vibrant place for our community to learn, grow, and thrive. Go to www.foundation.nekls.org/lgd to show support for the Silver Lake Library. NEKLS will receipt for your full gift amount and your gift will be recognized on the Library's Donor Recognition Books displayed in the Library.


text:
Warren Buffett in annual letter calls Apple one of 'Four Giants' driving Berkshire Hathaway's value
BRK.A
Warren Buffett, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway Inc
The India Today Group | Getty Images
Warren Buffett said he now considers tech giant Apple as one of the four pillars driving Berkshire Hathaway, the conglomerate of mostly old-economy businesses he's assembled over the last five decades.
In his annual letter to shareholders released on Saturday, the 91-year-old investing legend listed Apple under the heading "Our Four Giants" and even called the company the second-most important after Berkshire's cluster of insurers, thanks to its chief executive.
"Tim Cook, Apple's brilliant CEO, quite properly regards users of Apple products as his first love, but all of his other constituencies benefit from Tim's managerial touch as well," the letter stated.
The "Oracle of Omaha" made clear he is a fan of Cook's stock repurchase strategy, and how it gives the conglomerate increased ownership of each dollar of the iPhone maker's earnings without the investor having to lift a finger.
"Apple – our runner-up Giant as measured by its yearend market value – is a different sort of holding. Here, our ownership is a mere 5.55%, up from 5.39% a year earlier," Buffett said in the letter. "That increase sounds like small potatoes. But consider that each 0.1% of Apple's 2021 earnings amounted to $100 million. We spent no Berkshire funds to gain our accretion. Apple's repurchases did the job."
Berkshire began buying Apple stock in 2016 under the influence of Buffett's investing deputies Todd Combs and Ted Weschler. By mid-2018, the conglomerate accumulated 5% ownership of the iPhone maker, a stake that cost $36 billion. Today, the Apple investment is now worth more than $160 billion, taking up 40% of Berkshire's equity portfolio.
"It's important to understand that only dividends from Apple are counted in the GAAP earnings Berkshire reports – and last year, Apple paid us $785 million of those. Yet our 'share' of Apple's earnings amounted to a staggering $5.6 billion. Much of what the company retained was used to repurchase Apple shares, an act we applaud," Buffett said.
Berkshire is Apple's largest shareholder, outside of index and exchange-traded fund providers. The conglomerate has enjoyed regular dividends from the tech giant over the years, averaging about $775 million annually.
Railroad and energy
Buffett also credited his railroad business BNSF and energy segment BHE as two other giants of the conglomerate, which both registered record earnings in 2021.
"BNSF, our third Giant, continues to be the number one artery of American commerce, which makes it an indispensable asset for America as well as for Berkshire," Buffett said. "BHE has become a utility powerhouse and a leading force in wind, solar and transmission throughout much of the United States."
Berkshire's operating earnings surged 45% in the fourth quarter as its railroad, utilities and energy business continued to rebound from the pandemic hit.
Richard Branson left school at 15—his headmaster said he'd either 'go to prison' or 'become a millionaire'
Mortgage demand plunges 13.2% to end 2022, as interest rates head higher again

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Runes Of Virtue 2 is the sequel to Runes Of Virtue for the Game Boy. Released on the Super NES as well as the Game Boy, Runes Of Virtue 2 maintains the action-RPG gameplay as the original. In this game, the Black Knight kidnaps Lord Tholden, simply out of boredom. Lord British sends you, the Avatar, out to recover Tholden and return peace to Brittania. As in the first Runes Of Virtue game you have the choice of selecting one of four characters. And again, there are three modes of difficulty.


Ms. Brainerd has extensive leadership and management experience in integrated healthcare.
Ms. Brainerd served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Minnesota-based HealthPartners, retiring in mid-2017 after a very successful 15-year career. HealthPartners is the largest, consumer-governed, nonprofit health care organization in the nation. The company incorporates both health care delivery, with 1,600 physicians and 6 hospitals, and a health plan covering 1.5 million members. Under her leadership and direction, HealthPartners experienced record growth and is recognized as a national leader in the health care industry.
Prior to joining HealthPartners, Ms. Brainerd held senior level positions with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota, including Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer. She was also senior Vice President and Chief Executive Officer of Blue Plus.
Ms. Brainerd grew up in St. Paul and has been actively involved in the Twin Cities community for many years. She is one of the founding CEOs and former Chair of the Itasca Project, a group of 40 government, civic and business leaders addressing the issues that impact long-term economic growth, including jobs, education, transportation, and economic disparities. She is previous chair of the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank and currently serves on the boards of Minnesota Life/Securian, Bush Foundation, Stryker, Inc., Bremer Financial Corporation and Minnesota Public Radio.


Face-to-face interviews and checks of the references of potential employees used to be enough for many employers. But as corporate governance scandals have proliferated, many companies have been searching for new ways to weed out potentially troublesome hires and to monitor the behavior of existing employees. One of the latest tactics is handwriting analysis.
Graphology, as handwriting analysis is formally known, gained prominence in the 19th century as a determinant of personality traits and inner character. Its use declined as the aptitude- and personality- testing movement gained ground in the early 20th century. But today, handwriting analysis is widely used in France, Germany and England; many companies have resident graphologists. And while there is no hard data on how many companies are using handwriting analysis in the United States, many graphologists say they are getting more corporate business.
Sheila Kurtz, the chief executive and founder of the Graphology Consulting Group in New York, said her business had tripled over the last four years. Arlyn Imberman, another handwriting analyst in New York, said her corporate business had increased about 22 percent over the last three years.
Ronald Shaw, the chief executive of Pilot Pen Inc. in Trumbull, Conn., said, ''People look great in an interview and then you don't recognize them when they come on board.'' In June, Mr. Shaw hired Ms. Kurtz to provide a cross-check against his own impressions. Her title is chief graphology officer.
''It helps to find out if she thinks the person is trustworthy, creative, or resourceful, and able to work in our environment,'' he said.
In one recent case, before Ms. Kurtz was retained, Mr. Shaw said he was looking for a regional sales manager, and was interested in one in particular. But the candidate was not quite as aggressive as he needed to be. Mr. Shaw was not going to hire him, but on a lark showed the application to a graphologist. The graphologist told Mr. Shaw that he thought the candidate could take the initiative, and Mr. Shaw took a chance and hired him. He has become one of the most productive employees.
Graphology dates back to 11th-century China, said Dr. Barry Beyerstein, professor of biological psychology at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia and co-author of ''The Write Stuff: Evaluations of Graphology -- The Study of Handwriting Analysis'' (Prometheus Books, September 1992). An early proponent was Camillo Baldi, an Italian physician who wrote a book on the subject in 1662.
Many scientists and doctors disparage graphology. Dr. Beyerstein places graphology in the same category as phrenology (using the shape of the skull to determine character) and physiognomy (judging character through body and facial features), which were both quite popular until the early 20th century.
''Graphology is a pseudoscience that claims to be a quick and easy way of saying how someone's wired, but there's no evidence that this is encoded in handwriting,'' Dr. Beyerstein said.
Annie Murphy Paul, author of the forthcoming ''The Cult of Personality: How Personality Tests Are Leading Us to Miseducate Our Children, Mismanage Our Companies and Misunderstand Ourselves'' (The Free Press, September 2004), also questions the value of graphology.


David B. Smith Gallery is Denver's venue for compelling contemporary art. Since its founding in 2007, the gallery has been committed to presenting intelligent and culturally relevant exhibitions featuring work from some of today's most dynamic artists with growing international reputations. Through participation in leading art fairs and extensive media coverage, David Smith has cultivated a strong regional, national and international collector audience. In August 2008, The New York Times hailed the gallery as offering "an exciting contrast of cutting edge works." In addition to its curatorial program, David B. Smith maintains an active publishing division, which produces limited edition artist prints and monographs.


text:
Lappspira (Pedicularis lapponica) är en växtart i familjen snyltrotsväxter.

Den har blommor som är sneda, eller osymmetriska, genom att underläppen bildar ett från den högra till den vänstra sidan sluttande plan, så att blommans höger- och vänsterhalva inte är likformiga. Genom underläppens sneda läge måste i allmänhet de besökande insekterna (mest humlor) stå i sned ställning, lutande åt höger, så att de kan sticka in huvudet i överläppen, eftersom den är hoptryckt från sidan och öppningen är endast en smal, lodrät springa.

Den har stark rosendoft. Blomkronan visar ovanligt stark asymmetri genom underläppens snedhet. Dessutom är överläppen förlängd till en näbb, varur pistillens märke hänger ned mot den besökande humlan när hon med sin pollenbeströdda rygg slår sig ned på underläppen.

I Sverige finns lappspira i fjälltrakterna från Dalarna norrut, samt i Norge från 60° ända till Nordkap och i nordligaste Finland. Den växer på torr eller svagt fuktig fjällhed både i björkbältet och i den trädlösa regionen, längst norrut även i skogstrakter.  Utanför Skandinavien finns lappspira i Ryssland, Sibirien och nordligaste Amerika. Den finns inte i södra Europa.

Etymologi
Lappspirans artepitet, lapponica, syftar på Lappland, i betydelsen "lappländsk". Andra äldre namn som föreslagits för lappspiran är Lapp-staf, lapplandsspira och ljusgul spira.

Referenser

Externa länkar
Den virtuella floran

Snyltrotsväxter
La Växtindex

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Stock futures contracts drop in overnight trading
Geneva Burns January 25, 2023 2 min read
Microsoft shares pared gains hours later, turning negative
Microsoft shares fell about 1% in after-hours trading, reversing previous gains.
Shares initially rose after the company reported quarterly earnings per share that beat Street's expectations. However, investor sentiment soured after Microsoft issued disappointing guidance for revenue in the current quarter of its earnings conference call.
The company forecast fiscal third-quarter revenue of $50.5 billion to $51.5 billion, while analysts surveyed by Refinitiv expected $52.43 billion.
Read more about Microsoft results here.
–Darla Mercado, Jordan Novate
Morgan Stanley's Mike Wilson predicts that profits will start to crunch on the weaker consumer
Mike Wilson of Morgan Stanley said investors should prepare for tough times ahead.
"The numbers are finally going to come down in a way that we didn't think would happen in the fourth quarter, which it didn't, but right now, we think it is," Wilson said Tuesday on CNBC's "The Closing Bell: Overtime." "
The investment analyst said he expects earnings to start to shrink as companies deal with a weakening consumer.
However, he is open to changing his outlook if he does not see a "more meaningful" withdrawal in the next three to four months, or by April.
"We'll probably back down on our call, … because we're still in a world where there's some sort of financial repression, and bonds aren't necessarily a great alternative in the long term, and stocks are kind of the only game in town in the inflationary environment." "We are not ready to make that call today because we believe the risk return is out of reach."
– Sarah Maine
Microsoft shares rose after earnings results showed resilience in the cloud
Microsoft shares led the gains in after-hours trading, up more than 4% after its quarterly results came in above estimates on the top and bottom lines. The stronger-than-expected report was driven by Strong growth in its cloud unit.
Revenue in Microsoft's intelligent cloud segment was $21.51 billion, up 18%. Meanwhile, sales from Azure and other cloud services, which Microsoft does not report in dollar terms, increased 31%.
– Yun Lee
Previous Stocks decline as the rebound falters, and the dividend stream
Next The Hindenburg sells complaints by India's Adani Group, citing debt and accounting concerns


Where did those with disabilities live out their lives before the founding of the first institution in Orillia, Ontario, in 1876? This important question helps to show us why and how institutionalization came into being.
Most were kept with their families at home or in the community. When their parents reached old age or died, they were looked after by extended family or friends or left to fend for themselves. However, Dr John Langmuir, Inspector of Asylums in the 1870s, noted that many of the poorer classes "utterly neglected" their children.
Many of the poor and destitute who were unable to care for their children, or were too old or infirm, were supported by the charity of their church parishes. Other mental defectives often ended up in local and provincial jails, which, according to Dr Henry Landor, were jammed with large numbers of mentally retarded adults. They were treated cruelly, shackled in basement cells, mixed in with murderers and thieves.
ph 10814: Wellington County House of Industry and Refuge, view from south side of the Grand River, ca. 1907-1914. Photographer unknown.
Many feeble-minded people ended up in the Poor House, in the eighteenth century, which later became the Work House or Houses of Refuge and Houses of Industry in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The Poor House, where the destitute and feeble-minded, including unmarried girls with illegitimate babies ended up, was what we today would understand as being a form of Canada's social assistance to the poor and disabled, which lasted for over sixty years.
Conditions were prison-like, with cold cells and little food. The local reeve and township council deemed who were the "deserving" poor, - as opposed to being "paupers" or "undeserving poor" – to be allowed into the Poor House. The feeble-minded were deemed "deserving".
The Work House was similar to the Poor House. In exchange for their labour, inmates were given a bed, basic food and clothes. They slept in crowded segregated dormitories, even if they were married. Many feeble-minded were sexually abused and exploited in such places.
In Ontario, the House of Refuge Act was passed in 1890.
County governments were given grants of up to $4000 to construct a building on at least 45 acres of land in which to house the destitute.
In 1903, new legislation enforced that every county had to provide a House of Refuge for the destitute, feeble-minded, paupers, aged and infirm. By 1914 there were 71 houses of refuge with a total of 7,986 inmates. Conditions were worse than those in the Orillia institution.
Physicians could diagnose and recommend the transfer of anyone "feeble-minded" from the House of Refuge to the institution in Orillia. Examining physicians could transfer "fallen" women from houses of refuge such as the Haven in Toronto, run by the Salvation Army, and place them in an institution such as Orillia and Cobourg.
Cobourg Asylum, early 1900s. Photo courtesy of Archives of Ontario.
According to the 1919 House of Refuge Act recommended by the Hodgins Report, feeble-minded women and their illegitimate babies and children could be placed in Cobourg asylum, which often served as an overflow when Orillia or houses of refuge were full.
The Royal Commission of 1938 was shocked to find women put away in Cobourg simply for being pregnant: Cobourg was ostensibly a training school for domestic servants placed on probation. 62% of women locked up were mentally retarded. The suggestion of the commissioners, to get their release, was to have the women sterilized in order to return them to the community.
There were four lunatic asylums in Ontario, one large Penitentiary, two Reformatory Prisons and fifty-two Common Gaols in Ontario and Quebec by the 1870s. Mentally retarded people, committed to local jails for vagrancy, were often then labelled "dangerous lunatics" in order to gain admission to the Provincial Lunatic Asylum, Toronto.
Orillia Branch Asylum: A branch lunatic asylum was subsequently founded in Orillia in 1861, and mentally defective people were diverted there.
Given the situation, parents had little choice but keep their children at home. Those who were unemployed or destitute due to infirmity or illness, tried to get them into an asylum where at least they would have food and shelter and refuge. It was often a case of survival.


Who Should Attend:This training is conducted by certified and experienced QC Instructors, and is designed for prospective Quality Inspectors, Technicians, Engineers, and their supervision who are candidates for performing or monitoring electrical inspections during installation, modification, or maintenance activities. Attendees with an inspection or technical background will gain the most from this training; however, prior electrical inspection experience is not required.
What this Training is:This Training meets formal training criteria as described in NQA-1 and ANSI N45.2.6 and is "Initial" training to familiarize attendees with the requirements, equipment, hardware, and methodology of performing and demonstrating Electrical/I&C inspections. Upon satisfactory completion of the course you will receive a Training Certificate which attests to completion of formal training and capability toward your qualification as an Inspector by your employer.
Learning Outcomes:This training was developed using the Systematic Approach to Training (SAT) process and addresses: Regulations/QA/QC program requirements; Electrical/I&C print reading; Implementing documents; Inspection tools and equipment; Discontinuities/defects; Technical information on equipment subject to electrical inspections and tests; Hands-on electrical inspection tasks performed during the installation of raceway, cable, connections/terminations, electrical equipment, I&C equipment/tubing; Reporting of inspection results; and Operating Experience.
Upon completion of this training, participants will be able to demonstrate inspections performed during electrical installation, modification, or maintenance repair activities using example procedures, instructions, drawings, inspection criteria, and appropriate inspection equipment.
Demonstrate satisfactory practical capability during demonstrations of Electrical/I&C QC Inspection Tasks performed on mock-ups and test specimens.


text:
Jimi Vaughn, President
Jimi Vaughn is an entertainment executive with a passion for diversity, access, and inclusion for all people. With TV credits that include The Big Bang Theory, Two and a Half Men, and Mike & Molly along with an M.A. in Human Resource Development; our current Board President spends much of his time ensuring that media programming represents all people, both on camera and behind the scenes. Jimi attributes his strong connection with the DSALA to the lasting impact that families and individuals with Down syndrome had on him while first volunteering at an event almost 5 years ago. Jimi says, "Serving this community was the most natural next step for me. When you let someone with Ds into your heart, you just know there's no other option."
Marisol Santiago, Vice President
Lynne Shulim, Chief Financial Officer
Claudia Hernandez, Secretary
Claudia Hernandez is an Early Start Service Coordinator at Westside Regional Center. She holds a B.S. Degree in Child Development from California State University, Dominguez Hills and a M.A. Degree in Child Development from California State University, Los Angeles. Claudia has a special connection with DSALA and is involved in many ways as she has a sister with Down syndrome. Claudia is currently serving as Vice President of the board of directors of DSALA. She is Programs Committee Chair and helps run the Teen/Young Adult Social Club. Claudia has helped lead parent support groups in the past and is a point of contact for volunteers. You may find Claudia at many of our events sharing her experiences with families or assisting with outreach and in-service presentations for different organizations.
Jim Bright
Jim has over 20 years of experience in business management, program management and loss control. As a Senior Consultant with a commercial insurance provider, Jim is involved with global customers in his capacity as Portfolio Executive. He is active in risk analysis for multiple industries and as a contributing member of the Strategic Risk Management Services team. Jim's prior experience in includes Program Management for an aircraft controls company, Marketing Management for electronic systems and Systems Engineering for high speed data acquisition systems.
Mike Federico
Andrea Friedman
Actress/Self Advocate
Andrea Fay Friedman portrayed Amanda, the girlfriend of the character Charles "Corky" Thacher, on the TV show Life Goes On for two seasons. Friedman also had main roles in various shows such as Law and Order, SVU and Family Guy. Andrea has been working at a law firm, in the accounting department, for 25 years. She also occasionally works as an assistant teacher for the Pathway program in UCLA, where she helps teach students how to live independently.
Wayne Geffen
Wayne Geffen began his career in accounting for corporate entities as an Accounting Manager and Senior Accountant. In 1984 he became Vice President and Controller for a multi-unit retailer. Wayne has held Vice President and Controller positions since 1984. In 2010 Wayne started his own Consulting Firm, assisting existing and start-up businesses by providing strategic financial and operation guidance. In 2012, Wayne was hired as Vice President of Finance for a large international grocery company chain with several high-volume store in Los Angeles.
Tammy Porter
Tammy Porter is a digital marketing professional living in Los Angeles, California. She has over 15 years of experience elevating brands and ensuring their success online. With extensive experience in business development, strategic planning, brand management and experiential marketing, Tammy also spent over a decade as a celebrity and entertainment event planner in Hollywood. When not busy fulfilling her role as Digital Marketing Director for GoDaddy, Tammy enjoys travel, scuba diving, writing, public speaking and advocating for two of her philanthropic passions: male breast cancer awareness and the disability community. Tammy's profound experience growing up with an uncle who had Down syndrome ignited her passion for promoting inclusion and awareness for individuals with Down syndrome and their families. She is proud to partner with DSALA and serve on the Board.
Honorary Board Members
Robert Cruz
Robert Cruz joined the board of directors in 2015. Robert has an eleven-year-old sister with Down syndrome, DSALA has been a part of his life since she was born. DSALA has played a crucial role in Robert's family, having provided support, information and amazing programs that have helped with his sister's development. Having grown close with the DS community and DSALA throughout the years, it was a natural progression for Robert to join the board and bring fresh perspective to the organization. Robert is currently serving as a Sibling Advocate and is Chairman for World Down Syndrome Day and the 21+ event. When not volunteering his time as a board member, Robert is busy as a Registered Nurse, providing home health care to various families throughout the San Fernando Valley.
Yolanda Fuentes Miranda
Charter High School Executive Administrator
Yolanda Fuentes Miranda has been a Cardenas family friend for over 15 years and is an alumnus of San Fernando High School, one of our current eligible high schools. She holds a B.A in Spanish from California State University, Northridge. She has worked with numerous non-profits from the same community such as San Fernando Valley Youth Foundation and Hispana Organized for Political Equality. Yolanda has a daughter with Down syndrome and resides with her family in the San Fernando Valley area.
Jimi Vaughn
Colleen Bellitti
Gina Vivona
Lynne Shulim
Tom Von Der Ahe, Jr.
Michael Muchin
Darryl Mikuni
Stephanny Freeman, Ph.D.
Theodore Feit, M.D.
Sandra Finch
Joseph Hart
Susan Rackerby
Kathryn Heukrodt
Michelle Shaw
Marlyse de Laat
Deborah Bogen
Sandra Thlick


We Support Businessess to Take a Leap Towards Unmatched Growth.
A whole host of services from SEO, PPC and ORM that will launch you into the virtual globe. We help you put your business on the local maps. Making your website optimal for your customer on the move. SMM services to make your presence strongly felt on the Social Media sites.
connecting to help your potential customers lead back to you. Services that will help enhance your website. Helping clients make most of the Internet by offering Training and Consulting services.


text:
International Journal of Analytical Techniques
Full Text HTML
Linked References
Review Article Open Access
Application of Biomarkers and Biosensors to Detect and Track Pathogenic Agents
Hamidreza Shirzadfar* and Mahtab Khanahmadi
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sheikhbahaee University, Esfahan, Iran
*Corresponding author: Hamidreza Shirzadfar, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sheikhbahaee University, Esfahan, Iran; E-mail: @
Received:06 June, 2018; Accepted: 25 June, 2018; Published: 26 June, 2018
Citation: Shirzadfar H, Mahtab K (2018) Application of Biomarkers and Biosensors to Detect and Track Pathogenic Agents. Int. J. Anal. Tech 4(1):1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/2471-3627/4/1/00116
Detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells is important because it is one of the most important factors in mortality among different societies. There are many laboratory methods to identify bacteria that are very time consuming. A long time in diagnosing a bacterium causes the bacteria to grow more and the patient gets worse. Biomarkers and biosensors can identify pathogenic agents and detect them. By using these methods, bacteria and diseases can be detected more quickly and more safely. Using biomarkers, drugs can be delivered to the target tissue so that other tissues are not damaged.
Biomarkers are an indicator for measuring and detecting pathogenic factors and assessing biological conditions. Biomarkers in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment have been widely considered and have been widely used in these fields. Biomarker is an indicator of a specific disease and physical states in the living tissue, and the biomarker can detect the symptoms of a specific disease. Some biomarkers are delivered the drug to the tissue that the biomarker is labeled with that drug and is transmitted to the target tissue. Markers are divided into molecular and phenotypic types, and molecular types are available in both biochemical and DNA [1, 2].
A biosensor is a biological device that is used in various fields, such as rapid detection and traceability of pathogens, blood glucose measurements, contamination control, DNA analysis, and the study of the effects of drugs. Biosensors have Bioreceptor and Transducers. Bioreceptor has been created from biological molecules, which analytes are placed on this part and then the Physicochemical Changes are converted into electrical signals. These signals are converted to voltage values, and based on these values, the amount of Biomarkers and biosensors should be biocompatible and not dangerous to the tissues and cells of the body and should also be Immobilized and have no negative effect on other tissues in the body. Biomarkers and biosensors should be chemically stable in living tissue [4, 5].
Biologic material can be detected. Bioreceptor can be from DNA, enzyme, antibody, and so on. Transducers used in biosensors are electrochemical, piezoelectric, optical and thermal, which are used in various fields [Figure 1]. Using biomarkers and biosensors, bacteria and pathogenic agents can be detected and traced, and biomarkers and biosensors can be used to deliver the drug to the target tissue.
Figure 1: Biosensor function [3]
Detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water: Escherichia coli are a gram negative bacilli species of Enterobacteriaceae family that is present in the lower intestine of warm-blooded animals. This bacterium leads to food poisoning and diarrhea in humans. To detect this bacterium, a strip of whatman paper containing glucose is used to absorb the bacterium. Other parts of the bar are hydrophobic, which prevent the cells from stopping. A bacterium that comes to the paper is immersed in the strip based on by using the detector biosensors, E. coli can be identified, which is based on specific molecules present on the surface of the bacterium. Also, using biosensors, it can be detected by calorimetry method, and through DNA, this bacterium in food [9]. The capillary property and reaches the reactive region. This reactive region has a growth environment for galactose that decomposes by Escherichia coli. This method has a positive result for 200 CFU/ml Escherichia coli, but similar methods can have the correct result for a smaller number of Escherichia coli cells in the sample [6,7] [Figure 2].
Figure 2: Detection of E. coli in water with whatman paper [8]
Detection of Sepsis Disease: In sepsis, microbial pathogens attack the bloodstream and the immune system, causing infection in the blood. There are about 150 biomarkers to diagnose the disease, which are structurally included: cell markers, coagulation markers, endothelial vascular biomarkers, cytokine markers, and Acute-Phase proteins [10, 11]. The sCD14-ST is a new marker for the diagnosis of the disease, which has been very much considered. CD14 is a glycoprotein that is on the surface of monocytes. CD14 is a receptor for lipopolysaccharides or lipopolysaccharides proteins [12] [Figure 3].
Figure 3: The sCD14-ST Biomarker
mCD14: membrane CD14; sCD14: soluble CD14; sCD14- ST: soluble CD14 Subtype; LPS: Lipopolysaccharides; LBP: Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein; TLR4: Toll-like Receptor 4; MD2: TLR4 Co- Protein [13].
C - reactive protein (CRP), which is part of the Acute-Phase protein, is also a non- Glycosylation protein. This protein is made by the liver and released in the blood when it is infected. By increasing this protein in the blood, can be detection infection and inflammation. This method has been used for many years [14] [Figure 4].
Heparin binding proteins are released from neutrophilic secreted vesicles and have antimicrobial activity. Sepsis can be diagnosed by counting the levels of these proteins along with white blood cell count. This marker is a valuable and validated diagnostic method for diagnosing sepsis [16]. Detection of Pneumonia Disease: Pneumonia is a respiratory infection in which the lungs become inflamed. In this disease, Alveoli are damaged and the disease is caused by bacteria and viruses. Plasma Hepcidin, a peptide hormone as a biomarker, can detect pneumonia. Based on the blood sample taken, Plasma Hepcidin levels in this type of disease are significantly increased [17, 18]. Detection of Myocardial Infarction: Myocardial infarction causes a heart attack that causes coronary artery occlusion and leads to cell death in a part of the heart muscle. The cardiac troponin marker can be used 12 hours after the onset of the disease, which is a long time for 12 hours and may be worsening over time [19, 20]. The heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) is a rapid
Figure 4: Detection inflammation with C - reactive protein Biomarker, IL-6: Interleukin 6; TNF-α: Tumor Necrosis factor alpha; EN-1: Endothelin-1; NO: Nitric Oxide [15]
marker that can detect heart attacks in about one to five hours. Also, with this biomarker, can be quickly diagnose inflammatory myocarditis. This marker is available at high concentrations in myocytes [21]. Cancer cells can be detected using micro-RNA (miRNA). The highest amount (miRNA) in the circulation, along with lipid and lipoprotein. miR-17-5p, miR-21, miR-106a are diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer [22].
Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotide ligands that can be rotated. Prostate cancer can be detected using electrochemical biosensors based on Aptamers. Also, these types of sensors are
Figure 5: Detection prostate cancer with PSA, ACT: Anti-chymotrypsin; αMG: alpha-Macroglobulin [27]
called Aptasensor. Electrochemical Aptasensor act on the basis of electrochemical current changes, which are after the interaction of the target molecule with Aptamer [23, 24]. The best biomarker for diagnosing prostate cancer is a Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA), which is a serine protease and is made up of glucose and peptide. PSA is secreted by healthy and cancerous cells of the prostate, which increases when it occurs during cancer. With electrochemical Aptasensor, can be measure the amount of PSA and monitor and measure prostate cancer [25, 26] [Figure 5].
There are various methods to measure glucose using biosensors. Blood glucose levels can be detected in urine using biosensors made of copper oxide (Cu2O). Also, with biosensors along with Indium (III) oxide (In2O3), Chitosan and glucose oxidase enzymes, glucose levels can be determined in saliva, tears and sweat [28, 29]. Bioluminescence Microbial Biosensor is a fast, precise, and sensitive tool used to measure and detect contamination and environmental bacteria in micrometer scale [30-31]. By using a nanobiosensor, Salmonella typhi can be recognized as a causative agent of typhoid fever. This method is based on the response between the antigen and the antibody which is based on fluorescence. Biosensors that contain fluorescence particles of gold and silicon, bind to Salmonella bacteria that are in food, and detect this bacterium [32, 33]. A series of biosensors are very sensitive to the gas created from food corruption, which, as a result, changes their color. Using these sensors, these pathogens can be detected in food [34]. The Yersinia Pestis bacteria that causes plague disease can be detected using fiber optic biosensors, which has high speed and precision [35]. Biosensors can identify pathogenic factors in the soil and recognize the useful and harmful soil organisms. The function of this method is based on the amount of oxygen consumed [36]. Biosensors are also used to detect mercury levels in aquatic animals. In this method, it is possible to detect the amount of mercury and bacteria from this mercury by irradiation [37].Using the biosensors made of gold nanowire, bacteria in the kidney infection can be detected [38]. Biosensors can examine the quality of cereals and detect pathogens in cereals with polymer nanoparticles. Also, acoustic biosensors can quickly detect pathogens in the water [39].
Biosensors and biomarkers, due to the fact that they are composed of biological substances, do not have side effects and harmful effects on the living tissue and do not cause toxicity in the body [40]. Biosensors can quickly and continuously control and measure metabolic and biological activity. Biosensors can measure non-polar compounds that are produced in living tissue. Biomarkers and biosensors are proprietary and designed for the intended purpose and therefore very well function. Also, the biosensors are very fast in the analysis, and they perform a quick and direct analysis. Bioreceptor and transducers are placed in a sensor, and the detection and conversion of the sensor is carried out simply and quickly, and does not require multiple steps. Biosensors, which are biological elements, can be re-produced and re-used, and not disposable, which can also be traced continuously. Therefore, biosensors are a powerful, precise, safe and fast tool for tracking and detecting bacteria and biological molecules. Biomarkers have a lot of efficiency and effectiveness in frozen samples experiments. Also, these biomarkers act in a special way to study the blood mass and do not react with other blood factors. In some cases, biomarkers can predict the disease before it starts. Biomarkers are detectable and traceable in all tissues. Some of the enzymes used in the biosensors are unsuitable stability and require cofactors for stability and catalytic activity. In some cases, marking biosensors and biomarkers is difficult and complex and requires complex reactions and costs [41-42].
Biomarkers and biosensors, due to the fact that they are made of biological materials, are harmless to the tissues of the body, and can also detect bacteria and pathogenic agents more quickly and accurately. By using these methods, drugs can be delivered accurately and quickly to target tissues. Biomarkers and biosensors can quickly and accurately detect diseases in some cases before they begin. With this method, the treatment of diseases is greatly improved. Biomarkers and biosensors can identify specific and dangerous bacteria in food that prevent poisoning and side effects, and reduce mortality from bacteria.
ReferencesTop
Hayes J, Peruzzi PP, Lawler S MicroRNAs in cancer: biomarkers, functions and therapy. Trends Mol Med. 2014; 20(8):460-469. Doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.06.005
Kurt AJ, Gregor KW. Multiple system atrophy: pathogenic mechanisms and biomarkers. Journal of Neural Transmission. 2016;123(6):555-572.
Yi Fang, Ramaraja PR. Current and Prospective Methods for Plant Disease Detection.Biosensors. 2015; 5(3):537-561. Doi:10.3390/bios5030537
Shirzadfar H. Design and evaluation of a GMR-biosensor for magnetic characterization of biological medium. IJL - Institut Jean Lamour. 2014;1-157.
A Taheri-Kafrani, H Shirzadfar, E Tavassoli-Kafrani. Dendrimers and Dendrimers-Grafted Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Functionalization, and Biological Applications in Drug Delivery Systems. Nano- and Microscale Drug Delivery Systems. 2017;75-94. Doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-52727-9.00005-4
Shih CM, Chang CL, Hsu MY, Lin JY, Kuan CM, Wang HK, et all., Paper-based ELISA to rapidly detect Escherichia coli. Talanta. 2015;145(1):2-5. Doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.07.051
Stauber C, Miller C, Cantrell, B Kroell K. Evaluation of the compartment bag test for the detection of Escherichia coli in water. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 2014;99:66-70. Doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.02.008
https://www.glaciercleantech.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/dipTreat-900x500.jpg
Shirzadfar H, Nadi M, Kourtiche D, Yamada S, Shahabi P. Characterization Of A Needle-Type Giant Magnetoresistance Sensor For Detection Of Escherichia Coli's Magnetic Marker. 2015;8(1):220-234.
Prucha M, Bellingan G, Zazula R. Sepsis biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta. 2015;440:97-103. Doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.11.012
Xiao Liu, Hui Ren, Daizhi Peng. Sepsis biomarkers: an omics perspective. Frontiers of Medicine. 2014;8(1):58-67.
Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Borderie D, Weiss N, Mallet-Coste T, Claessens YE. Presepsin (sCD14-ST), an innate immune response marker in sepsis. Clin Chim Acta. 2015;450:97-103. Doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.06.026
http://www.gepasrl.it/images/presepsin_r1_c1.jpg
Waheeda Nargis, Ibrahim MD, Borhan Uddin Ahamed. Procalcitonin versus C‑reactive protein: Usefulness as biomarker of sepsis in ICU patient. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2014;4(3):195-199. Doi: 10.4103/2229-5151.141356
http://www.beautiful-elegance.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/inflammatory-markers-c-reactive-protein.jpg
Kjolvmark CH, Pahlman L, Akesson P, Linder A. Heparin-Binding Protein: A Diagnostic Biomarker of Urinary Tract Infection in Adults. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2014;1(1):1-9. Doi:10.1093/ofid/ofu004
Wang CH, Babitt JL . Hepcidin regulation in the anemia of inflammation. Curr Opin Hematol. 2016;23(3):189-197. Doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000236
Michels KR, Zhang Z, Bettina AM, Cagnina RE, Stefanova D, Burdick MD, et al. Hepcidin-mediated iron sequestration protects against bacterial dissemination during pneumonia. JCI Insight. 2017;2(6):1-12. Doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.92002
Anoop SV Shah, David AMc Allister, Anne Cruikshank, Mary Stoddart, Paul O Collinson, Alasdair J Gray, et al., High sensitivity cardiac troponin and the under-diagnosis of myocardial infarction in women: prospective cohort study. BMJ.2015;350:1-8. Doi: org/10.1136/bmj.g7873
Mueller C, Giannitsis E, Christ M, Ordonez-Llanos J, deFilippi C, McCord J. Multicenter Evaluation of a 0-Hour/1-Hour Algorithm in the Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction With High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T. Ann Emerg Med. 2016;68(1):76–87. Doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.11.013
Furuhashi M, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, Miura T. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4): Pathophysiological Insights and Potent Clinical Biomarker of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2015;8(3): 23-33. Doi: 10.4137/CMC.S17067
Liu HS, Xiao HS. MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(34): 12007-12017. Doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12007
Cha T, Cho S, Kim YT, Lee JH. Rapid aptasensor capable of simply diagnosing prostate cancer. Biosens Bioelectron. 2014;62:31-37. Doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.06.015
Jolly P, Formisano N, Tkac J, Kasak P, Frost C, Estrela P. Label-Free Impedimetric Aptasensor with Antifouling Surface Chemistry: a Prostate Specific Antigen Case Study. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2015;209:306-312. Doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2014.11.083
Stephan C, Ralla B, Jung K . Prostate-specific antigen and other serum and urine markers in prostate cancer. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2014;1846(1):99-112. Doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.04.001
Zu K, Mucci L, Rosner BA , Clinton SK , Loda M, Stampfer MJ. A Prospective Study in the Prostate-Specific Antigen Era. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014;106(2):1-10. Doi: 10.1093/jnci/djt430
http://drugline.org/img/term/prostate-specific-antigen-12208_0.jpg
Aggidis AG, Newman JD, Aggidis GA. Investigating pipeline and state of the art blood glucose biosensors to formulate next steps. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 2015;74:243-262.Doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.071
Pavla Martinkova and Mirlosav Pohanka. Biosensors for Blood Glucose and Diabetes Diagnosis: Evolution, Construction, and Current Status. Biosensors. 2015;48(16):2509-2532. Doi: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1043661
Luca Cevenini, Maria Maddalena Calabrettaet, Elisa Michelini, Donato Calabria, Patrizia Simoni, Aldo Roda. Integrating Biochemiluminescence Detection on Smartphones: Mobile Chemistry Platform for Point-of-Need Analysis Anal. Chem. 2014;86(15):7299-7304. Doi : 10.1021/ac502137s
Ji Won Lim, Dogyeong Ha, Jongwan Lee, Sung Kuk Lee, Taesung Kim. Review of micro/nanotechnologies for microbial biosensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2015;3(61):1-13.Doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00061
Ma X, Jiang Y, Jia F, Yu Y, Chen J, Wang Z. An aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of Salmonella. J Microbiol Methods. 2014;98:94-98. Doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.01.003
Kim G, Moon JH, Moh CY, Lim JG. A microfluidic nano-biosensor for the detection of pathogenic Salmonella. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 2014;67:243-247. Doi:10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.023
Mythili V. Embedded based food quality detection with biosensor technology. International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies. 2016;333-336. Doi: 10.1109/ICACCCT.2016.7831657
Tawil N,Sacher E, Mandeville R, Meunier M. Bacteriophages: biosensing tools for multi-drug resistant pathogens. Analyst. 2014;139(6):1224-1236. Doi: 10.1039/c3an01989f
Palmiro Poltronieri, Valeria Mezzolla, Elisabetta Primiceri, Giuseppe Maruccio. Biosensors for the Detection of Food Pathogens. Foods. 2014;3(3):511-526. Doi: 10.3390/foods3030511
Peng Zheng, Ming Li, Richard Jurevic, Scott K. Cushing, Yuxin Liu, Nianqiang Wu. A Gold Nanohole Array Based Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Biosensor for Detection of Silver (I) and Mercury (II) in Human Saliva. Nanoscale. 2015;25:11005-11012. Doi:10.1039/C5NR02142A
Onopiuk A, Tokarzewicz A, Gorodkiewicz E. Cystatin C: A Kidney Function Biomarker. Advances in Clinical Chemistry. 2015;68:57-69. Doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2014.11.007
Lucian Rotariu, Florence Lagarde, Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault, Camelia Bala. Electrochemical biosensors for fast detection of food contaminants – trends and perspective. Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2016;79:80–87. Doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.12.017
Bugatti S, Vitolo B, Caporali R,Montecucco C, Manzo A. B Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Pathogenic Players to Disease Biomarkers. Biomed Res Int. 2014;1-15. Doi: 10.1155/2014/681678
X Niu and G Chen. Clinical Biomarkers and Pathogenic-Related Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Journal of Immunology Research. 2014:1-7. Doi: 10.1155/2014/698192
Hamidreza Shirzadfar, Mustapha Nadi, Djilali Kourtiche, Yamada S, Thomas Hauet. Needle-type GMR sensor to estimate the magnetic properties of diluted ferrofluid for biomedicine application. IRBM. 2015;36(3):178-184. Doi: 10.1016/j.irbm.2015.01.014
About Us | Open Access | Journals | Conferences | Membership | Financial Aid | Submit Manuscript | Editor Guidelines | Reviewer Guidelines
Listing : ICMJE
Open Access by Symbiosis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License


text:
Zahi Hawass: Egypt's Avenger of the Pharaohs
Photo Gallery: Egypt's Antiquities Avenger
Foto: epa Cavanaugh/ picture-alliance/ dpa
Zahi Hawass Egypt's Avenger of the Pharaohs
Egypt, plagued by tomb raiders and art dealers, has lost large portions of its pharaonic heritage to Europe and the United States. The head of the country's Supreme Council of Antiquities is waging a bitter moral campaign against the West, and he is now demanding the return of six of the most beautiful masterpieces.
Von Matthias Schulz
It is 5 a.m. and Zahi Hawass is sitting in his SUV, freshly showered, about to drive out to the Bahariya Oasis for a press appearance. The streets are still empty as Cairo shimmers in the rose-colored morning sun. Hawass must hurry to avoid the morning traffic.
He has already had a heart attack, and since then he only smokes water pipes. Referring to his driver, he says: "If he slows down I'll fire him." He likes to call his opponents "assholes."
But no one here is troubled by his behavior. In fact, Hawass has a license to be loud and angry. He sets his own rules. As Secretary General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA), he is the ultimate protector of all monuments in the country.
Some 30,000 people report to Hawass, whose organization is responsible for hundreds of dilapidated temples, gloomy tombs and treasure chambers fragrant with the scent of resin, once filled with gold jewelry and papyrus documents, stretching from the delta to the fourth Nile cataract.
Hawass can open them all.
Even looking like Indiana Jones in his jeans shirt and floppy, the master of the keys to Egypt's antiquities has made umpteen TV appearances dangling from a rope in a grave shaft or bending over coffins, constantly repeating the same tried-and-true mantra: "mummy, sand, secret, miracle, exceptional."
He is now "world-renowned," at least in his own assessment of himself. The pyramid whisperer drinks $300 (€242) bottles of wine, and his best friend is actor Omar Sharif. Sometimes he puts on an expensive tuxedo and drives to a party at the villa of President Hosni Mubarak.
He even met with US President Barack Obama in June, and the two men stood at the base of the Pyramid of Cheops with their hands in their pockets, looking cool as could be.
"We were friends right off the bat," says Hawass. "I told him that George Lucas came here to find out why my hat became more famous than Harrison Ford's." When he was shown the layout for his latest book, he had only one comment: "OK, but you have to print my name in bigger letters."
"I'm not just famous in the United States, but also in Japan and, in fact, everywhere," the narcissistic Egyptian explains without hesitation.
But Hawass is probably best known in his native Egypt, where he writes a column in the government daily al-Ahram. He often appears on television, chatting with official guests and ambassadors, or opening dance competitions in front of the Sphinx.
People like Hawass' approach and his ability to converse on equal terms with the West. He has liberated Egypt from a posture of humility.
'The Fighting Elephant of Egyptology'
He also happens to be a gifted speaker. He loves anecdotes, which usually revolve around him and contain minor untruths.
But this outgoing man isn't overly interested in details. "Jalla, let's go," he calls out testily when his Jeep gets stuck in heavy traffic in Cairo's urban canyons. His chauffeur has already run over several chickens.
But Hawass, who the German newspaper Hamburger Abendblatt dubbed the "fighting elephant of Egyptology," has no patience for delays. He is a restless and driven man.
He says he would need thousands of arms and legs to wipe out all the disgrace that have been inflicted on his country. He is vexed by the daily grind of his fellow Egyptians, the filth, the poverty, the lack of organization and his agency's poor technical facilities.
"We were once at the very top," he says, referring to the time of the pharaohs. "Be proud of this heritage," he tells young people.
Hawass often speaks of dignity, respect and honor. He believes that his nation was cheated, and that it is his mission to exact revenge for this treatment.
"Our heritage was stolen," he says. "People raped the realm of the Nile in past centuries." This makes him all the more determined to pursue one goal above all else: the return of cultural artifacts.
It is true that foreign rulers ransacked the region along the Nile for thousands of years. The Romans, for example, made off with entire obelisks.
Then came Napoleon. "Soldiers, 40 centuries look down upon you," the Corsican called out to his men when they invaded the country in 1798. Entire ships filled with cultural artifacts were later shipped to the West, where they served as the basis for large, new museums.
Many of these treasures were purchased legally and for large sums of money. But Egypt was also filled with smugglers and tomb raiders who broke the law and stole the country's golden heritage.
Hawass is outraged over this bloodletting, and he doesn't draw any distinctions. The antiquities director makes a general accusation that is inconvenient for the West. He resembles the Sphinx, except that instead of causing the plague, he gives people a guilty conscience.
The man has already brought home 31,000 smuggled objects in past years. They are primarily pieces taken in illicit excavations, which have been sold over the last 50 years, through auction houses like Sotheby's and Christie's, to museums in the United States.
He is celebrated at home for his achievements, and justifiably so. He even tracked down the embalmed body of Ramses I -- in faraway Atlanta. Hawass bent over the papery face and sniffed it. Then he said: "I can smell it -- this is Ramses." The analysis proved him right.
His successes have earned him various descriptions at home, including the mummy magician, the hero from the desert, and the showman of shards who has turned the pyramids into a circus tent.
He has a good sense of humor, but can also be moody. Recently in New York, he upbraided several museum curators from Boston before the assembled world press. They own a statue that he believes belongs to his people. As he was speaking, he rolled his eyes and made a fist.
The Louvre also got a taste of his fury. Hawass wanted the French museum to return five magnificent frescoes it had acquired from a seller who had obtained them illegally. When it refused, he ejected French archeologists from Egypt and terminated all collaboration with the treasure trove on the Seine.
Finally, last October, French President Nicolas Sarkozy put in a sheepish call to Mubarak, promising that everything that had been requested would be turned over. Hawass was triumphant: "It was a victory for us."
The antiquities director has stirred up a difficult fight, for which he will need staying power, strong nerves and robust good health.
To keep up his health, he begins normal workdays with gymnastics, on the advice of his wife, a gynecologist.
By 7 a.m., he is sitting in his office in the exclusive Zamalek neighborhood, drinking herbal tea and lemonade. He only goes out to eat in the evening. After 10 p.m., he relaxes over a game of backgammon in a café near his apartment.
But there are often times when Hawass has to get up very early, skip his morning routine, brush his teeth and quickly eat a falafel before heading out into the countryside in his Jeep.
An Enigmatic Character
The reason he is so busy is that he has monopolized all PR activities relating to archaeology. Some 225 foreign archeological teams are working along the Nile, and all are kept muzzled. None of the professors working with the teams is permitted to report important finds without official approval. "It used to be a self-service operation here," says the boss, "but those days are gone."
Hawass reserves the right to announce all discoveries himself. Not everyone likes this. Some people feel that he is about as interested in serious research as Rapunzel was in having her hair cut.
He boasted that there were "10,000 golden mummies" at the cemetery in Bahariya, but only 200 were found. And he mistakenly declared a shabby find in the Valley of Kings to be the gravesite of a female pharaoh.
His own excavation efforts also appear to be somewhat bizarre. For some time, the master has been searching for the body of Cleopatra in a temple near Alexandria -- based on an idea suggested to him by a lawyer from the Dominican Republic.
"Are you sure about this?" a journalist wanted to know. Hawass replied: "Completely, otherwise I wouldn't have even mentioned it. After all, I don't want to embarrass myself."
When nothing was found, despite feverish excavation efforts, Hawass took a granite bust of Cleopatra's lover, Mark Antony, from a museum last year and pretended that he had just pulled it out of the ground.
Duncan Lees, a computer specialist who occasionally creates 3-D animations of grave shafts -- in other words, a relatively minor player -- calls him a "greedy guy" and a tyrant, who prefers to surround himself with "bootlickers."
The major Egyptologists, on the other hand, are more reserved, and tend to whisper their criticism. They are anxious not to lose their licenses.
Many in the field had been secretly looking forward to May 28, the day the narcissistic archeologist turns 63, which would normally be his retirement age.
But instead of being feted with a farewell dinner, Hawass has just received a new position. President Mubarak has appointed him Deputy Minister of Culture, which means that he can continue working until the end of his life.
Nevertheless, this enigmatic figure is by no means the sum of his negative traits. He has really achieved something.
With his frenetic public relations activities and his boundless vanity, Hawass has sparked a change in awareness among the 80 million Egyptians and sparked a new sense of pride.
Demanding the Return of Six Masterpieces
"For small farmers, the world used to revolve around Muhammad and the Koran," says Egyptologist Christian Loeben, from the northern German city of Hannover. "But then Hawass came along and managed to convince every fellah that the pharaohs are his heritage. I admire him for that."
It is precisely these successes that are causing so much trouble for museums in Paris, London, New York and Berlin. They are rattled by the tenacious revenge campaign of the self-proclaimed "guardian" of the Pyramids.
The dispute reached a new climax last month, when Hawass hosted the "Conference on International Cooperation for the Protection and Repatriation of Cultural Heritage." Representatives of 25 nations traveled to Cairo to form a united front against the old exploiting countries across the Mediterranean.
At the end of the conference, the host presented a list of demands. It included six objects, all of them masterpieces.
Hawass wants the magnificent bust of the vizier Ankhaf from Boston's Museum of Fine Arts. The British Museum in London is being asked to hand over the Rosetta Stone, which was used to decipher hieroglyphs. The heaviest piece, an astrological relief with a depiction of the zodiac, is in the Louvre.
He has two demands for the Germans. In addition to the bust of Nefertiti in Berlin's New Museum, Hawass is claiming a 4,500-year-old limestone statue on display in Hildesheim near Hanover. It depicts Hemiunu, the architect of the tomb of Cheops.
The last item on his list, currently in Turin, Italy, is an image of Ramses II, carved by an unknown Nile Michelangelo.
Hawass reports that he spent "90 minutes" standing in silence, enchanted, in front of this work of art. This is probably an exaggeration, given his fidgety nature.
He is truly a sight to see, when he opens his eyes wide, dramatically rolls his r's and waves his hands in the air as if, like Moses, he could part the Red Sea. "God gave me the gift to speak in a way that appeals to audiences," he says.
But when it comes to the six masterworks, his magic tongue is not having the desired effect. On the contrary, the MFA in Boston is irritated, while the Louvre and Turin are refusing to give in.
Last December, Berlin's New Museum sent a representative to the Nile with old contract documents. They indicate that "everything was done legally" when the Nefertiti bust was found and sold in 1913. The Berlin museum has been silent on the issue since then.
In fact, the Egyptians' stunning indictment stands on weak ground. Egypt has no legal leverage. Some of the pieces Hawass is claiming arrived in Europe some 200 years ago, at a time when there was no such thing as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Convention.
Cleopatra Fever in France and Britain
The Mamluks, a dynasty descended from Turkish slaves, controlled Egypt at the time, and the Sultan of Istanbul also had a hand in governing the country.
When the French arrived with their enormous army, they promptly humiliated their opponents with a victory directly on the field of pyramids at Giza. The occupiers found the Rosetta Stone near a fortress.
The British arrived soon afterwards and snatched away the 760-kilogram treasure from the French. A series of secret coach journeys and chases in bazaars ensued, the details of which are still not entirely clear today.
The locals were somewhat mystified by all the wrangling. Why, they asked themselves, are the foreigners scrambling for an old piece of junk from the days of the pharaohs. They had no interest in their country's glorious past.
Muhammad Ali Pasha, who became vice king of Egypt in 1805, preferred smoking his water pipe in his harem. Meanwhile, his subjects were using mummies as fuel in their ovens.
The British and the French, on the other hand, were already consumed with Cleopatra fever at the time.
Two diplomats, the Frenchman Bernadino Drovetti and the Englishman Henry Salt, used their private fortunes to buy up tremendous treasures. They dispatched agents around the country, convinced village elders to open old cemeteries and funded excavations from Thebes to Giza.
Later on, they sold their spoils to the highest bidders, which included kings, princes and museums in Europe.
It was not illegal. In fact, the principle "nulla poena sine lege" -- no penalty without a law -- applied. Hawass is also familiar with this legal principle.
This explains why the general of antiquities tends to use somewhat vague language to justify his claims. He says that what is at stake is a moral appeal and general redress. His message to the Western museums is clear: Hand over the six masterworks, and your crimes of the past will be forgiven.
But now that the new owners are turning a deaf ear to his demands, Hawass feels compelled to vent his rage and relate his notorious anecdotes.
For instance, this is what he recently had to say about the people at the British Museum in London: "They kept the Rosetta Stone in a dark, poorly lit room, until I showed up and asked for it back. Only then did they suddenly find the piece important."
The accuser from Cairo also adopted the wrong tone when discussing the Nefertiti bust. The German archeologists who found the work, he said, had deliberately smeared mud onto the bust of the beautiful pharaoh to mislead the Egyptian antiquities office.
Not a word of it is true. All records were properly signed.
Is the antiquities director taking things too far? Is he pursuing real claims, or is he merely interested in bullying his opponents? Who exactly is this man who, referring to his adversaries, says: "I will destroy anyone who attacks me?"
Hawass is reticent about his origins. He was born in a village in the Nile valley. His father died at an early age. Zahi had to help support the family.
He has nothing whatsoever to say about toiling in the fields, the filth in the streets and the poverty. He does recall, however, that he was a "famous football player" as a boy. And, he adds: "All the women loved me and wanted to marry me."
At 21, the young man took a job with the antiquities administration, which at the time was an enormous, sleepy government agency with no scientific competency.
His work there, he says, consisted of little more than working as a guard once in a while, locking warehouses and looking over the shoulders of the Western scientists.
In 1978, the inspector attended a Grateful Dead concert in front of the Sphinx. Many American dope-smoking hippies had traveled to Egypt to attend the concert.
The big step was next: America. Hawass attended the University of Pennsylvania for seven years, eventually earning his doctorate there.
When he returned to Egypt, he came armed with a new skill: the ability to chatter away in English. Egyptians saw him as a world traveler who had enjoyed the blessings of a higher form of existence in the United States.
Thus anointed, he quickly rose through the ranks. First he was appointed "General Director of Antiquities," then "Undersecretary of State" and, finally, "Secretary General."
He kept his old office, a corrugated sheet metal container with musty carpets and three telephones on the table. It was directly in the shadow of the pyramids.
This office became Hawass' gateway to power. Over the years, billionaires, actors and politicians came to visit him there. From former US President George Bush to Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates and Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi -- they all had the Sherpa give them a guided tour through the gigantic tomb.
Hawass realized at the time that the West was willing to stand in line and pay hard currency to share in the luster of the pharaohs.
The television crews soon began knocking on his door, drawn by the gifted speaker's ability to extract exciting stories from even the most wretched heap of shards.
A New Museum by the Pyramids
The magician gave his most astonishing appearance in 2002. In a live broadcast for the National Geographic Channel, he sent a remote-controlled robot through a light shaft into the Pyramid of Cheops. The event was broadcast to TV audiences in 142 nations.
There was little to be seen other than wobbly, black-and-white endoscope images, but Hawass, undaunted, indulged himself: "What we have seen in this night is completely unique in the world of Egyptology." This is the man's true gift: the ability to weave together dreams and history. Omar Sharif calls his friend an "amazing actor."
Nevertheless, he has tremendous achievements under his belt. The country has moved forwarded as a result of his determination. He provided the antiquities agency with clout, kick-started important mummy analyses and brought millions of tourists to the country.
Now Hawass wants to have 19 museums built, the largest of which is already under construction directly adjacent to the pyramids. In 2013, when it is finished, it is expected to house the world's largest Egyptian collection.
The master is working towards this triumph. He is also determined to exhibit the six disputed masterworks at the new museum, which would represent a crowning conclusion to his career.
But will he succeed? The Western museums have remained intractable until now. The curators in Hildesheim also see no reason to comply with his wishes. "The Hemiunu is the pride of our collections," they say.
The splendid statue was discovered in 1913. Wilhelm Pelizaeus, a wealthy businessman who sold railroad parts in Egypt for the German steelmaker Krupp paid for the excavations. Pelizaeus was painstakingly exact in adhering to the agreed division of the excavated objects "in equal parts." There can be no talk of theft and plundering.
The curator responsible for the Hemiunu in Hildesheim explains that it was taken to Germany because it was in such poor condition when it was discovered. "The head was completely fragmented, and the Egyptians didn't want the statue."
The circumstances of the Boston case are similar. In fact, the MFA even has a 1927 document stating that the Ankhaf bust was given to the new owner in the United States as an express act of gratitude on the part of Egypt.
Shortly after finding the Ankhaf, the US archeologist also found the famous shaft tomb of Hetepheres, the mother of the pharaoh. It was filled with furniture that had crumbled into dust, leaving only the gold plating and fittings. Nevertheless, the archeologists managed to reconstruct chairs, cushions and a bed.
Like Bargaining at a Bazaar
After that, the Americans turned over the sparkling household goods to Cairo. Because they had paid for everything out of their own pockets, the Egyptians gave them the bust as a reward.
In light of such facts, Hawass' protests suddenly fall apart.
So why all the fuss?
Some experts speculate that the man is pursuing a "long-term strategy" and, in doing so, is bargaining as if he were at a bazaar. "First he makes the biggest possible demands, to intimidate the museums," says Loeben, "hoping that he will at least receive the masterworks on loan for the dedication of his big new museum."
But will the plan work? A huge tug-of-war is currently underway behind the scenes. "Without a bilateral national treaty," says a spokeswoman from Hildesheim, "we won't lend him anything. We don't trust the man."
In return, he says sharply: "We are not the Pirates of the Caribbean." This tone will likely characterize the debate into the future, and an agreement is not in sight.
But even if he fails, Hawass will probably get over it. He has already achieved his main objective: fame.
Nowadays, when the gray-haired antiquities director drives up the dusty road to the pyramids, where he began his career almost 40 years ago, his employees stand at attention and salute.
At such moments, the heart of this farmer's son is filled with joy. He smiles, in the knowledge that he has made it.
"No one in Egypt who comes from an ordinary family is revered as much as I am."
Translated from the German by Christopher Sultan
Art Egypt
Berlin's Nefertiti Trouble: Egyptian Official Calls Museum Behavior 'Suspicious'
Egyptian Queen in Berlin: Cairo Demands Clarification on Nefertiti Bust
Healing the Wounds of War: Berlin's Neues Museum Opens for Public Inspection
5 Bilder Photo Gallery: Egypt's Antiquities Avenger
Zahi Hawass, Egypt's Secretary General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA), at the pyramids with US President Barack Obama.
Hawass is also claiming a 4,500-year-old limestone statue on display in Hildesheim near Hanover. It depicts Hemiunu, the architect of the tomb of Cheops.
Foto: DB Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum/ picture-alliance/ dpa
The Rosetta Stone is also on his list. The other three pieces are the bust of the vizier Ankhaf from Boston's Museum of Fine Arts, an astrological relief with a depiction of the zodiac in the Louvre and an image of Ramses II, currently in Turin, Italy.
Foto: Trustees Of The Britain Museum/ dpa
Hawass checks the 3,300-year-old mummy of the ancient King Tutankhamun at his tomb.
Foto: ASSOCIATED PRESS/ SAEDI PRESS
So far Hawass has had little success in persuading foreign museums to return any of the six masterpieces.
Foto: & EXHIBITIONS INTERNATIONAL/ picture alliance / dpa


text:
Q: jupyter notebook keeps CONNECTING TO KERNEL The Jupyter notebook keeps saying Connecting to kernel, which never reaches finally popping an error,

A connection to the notebook server could not be established. The notebook will continue
  trying to reconnect. Check your network connection or notebook server
  configuration.

So the asterisk on the command line stays forever.
The strange part is, iPython on terminal works FINE.
Here are what I tried:

*

*Change the browser from Chrome to Firefox

*Change port number into something else than '8888'

*Uninstalled the Jupyter and re-installed it

Anybody with similar issues?

A: I had a similar issue. It was caused by the tornado-package and I had to downgrade it.
sudo pip3 uninstall tornado
sudo pip3 install tornado==5.1.1

See Jupyter notebook: No connection to server because websocket connection fails

A: I have found this same issue, and identified it only happens with Chrome standard browser. Incognito Chrome or Firefox does not have the same issue of ipykernel not connecting.
For now I open jupyter in firefox using the following command from Terminal:
jupyter lab --browser Firefox

Not sure what the difference is with the browsers, but recently I have had an issue of not being able to access local files from chrome, so will look into this issue and see if that resolves it for Chrome standard browser.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Winforms DataGridView CellEndEdit Loops For an assignment, we're creating a simple spreadsheet program, similar to Excel. The cells in my DataGridView are editable by the user, and multiple things happen when the user edits a cell.
Similar to Excel, if you were to type =A1 into cell A2, A2's value changes to be equal to the value of cell A1, and the text that the user sees updates to reflect this. However, A2's text property needs to remain as =A1 in case A1's value changes.
While debugging my code, I noticed that my CellEndEdit function was looping through twice, although there are no loops involved.
private void dataGridView1_CellEndEdit(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
    {
        RealCell cell = spreadsheet.GetCell(e.RowIndex, e.ColumnIndex) as RealCell;

        //set the spreadsheet cell's text to reflect the user's edit
        if (dataGridView1.CurrentCell.Value != null)
        {
            cell.Text = dataGridView1.CurrentCell.Value.ToString();
        }
        MenuVisibility();
    }

This is a big problem, because it resets the cell's text once more than it should.
Are CellEndEdit functions supposed to loop through twice? How can I stop this from happening? Thanks!

A: CellEndEdit will be triggered when changing the cell value.
So in your case, input value to A1, trigger CellEndEdit
Then your code set A2 cell = A1's value, trigger another CellEndEdit
You can add a bool to control if you need to suppress the event manually.


I've heard this statement numerous times over the last few months. It's why we're making a greater effort to remind you of the products, services and discounts that you get as an AUSA member.
We've given quite a bit of coverage to your hotel and car rental discounts so this month we'll focus on some other great products.
Through a relationship with Starkey Hearing Technologies, the only major American-owned and operated hearing aid manufacturer, AUSA members are entitled to special discounts.
The American Hearing Benefits (AHB) program provides you and your family access to free hearing consultations and discounts on hearing aids through AHB's nationwide network of 3,000+ hearing professionals.
Call (888) 982-4656 or visit http://www.americanhearingbenefits.com/partners/AUSA to learn more and to schedule your free hearing consultation. *Professional service fees may apply.
Did you know that 52 percent of combat soldiers have moderately severe hearing loss or worse? For our veterans, you likely have access to audiology services through the VA so rather than the link above, contact your local VA facility at https://www.va.gov/directory/guide/home.asp .
Starkey also has a veterans hearing loss site at https://www.starkey.com/hearing-aids-for-veterans/products.
Military Kids' Life is a quarterly print magazine for military kids, and it encourages kids to find the bright side of their military life – Army, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard and Marine Corps, Active, National Guard, Reserve.
Military Kids' Life will help your kids find their adventure.
Visit www.ausa.org/kids for special AUSA member pricing of $14.21 per year.
AUSA members receive special pricing on these publications. Visit www.ausa.org/times for information and to subscribe.
Some simply call it a handbag. They call it a mission.
What began as two military spouses in a small attic, armed with a big idea, one sewing machine and a little bit of canvas, has grown into a bold, achievable mission shared by many: to inspire, engage and empower.
The R.Riveter movement captures the humble and courageous spirit of Rosie the Riveter and channels it into every American handmade purse and handbag they produce.
Co-founders Lisa Bradley and Cameron Cruse's story begins in Dahlonega, Ga. – home of the Appalachian Trail, moonshine, and the 5th Ranger Training Battalion.
Lisa and Cameron, both military spouses, met in this cozy little town, a unique assignment for most soldiers and their families. Cameron and Lisa bonded over a shared frustration of employment struggles as military spouses.
They were united on a mission to find flexible, mobile income for military spouses across the country. In a small attic above Cameron's home, they founded R.Riveter.
They knew it wasn't enough to call their products American made. From the hand-stitched liners to the hand-cut leather, every part and piece that goes into an R.Riveter handbag is crafted with thoughtful, genuine purpose. Most importantly, those hands are spouses of America's military.
Less than a year after the company was born, Lisa and her husband moved to New York, and R. Riveter's mission to provide mobile employment to military spouses was put to the test. Two short years later, Cameron and her family moved to North Carolina.
In February 2016, Cameron and Lisa dove headfirst into the Shark Tank, sharing their mission to employ military spouses across the country with the show's investors. They walked away with a deal of partnership and investment from Mark Cuban.
R.Riveter has remote riveters from across the country send parts and pieces to their warehouse where bags are put together and sent to their new homes. They later launched Post to Pillar, a curated marketplace of home decor and accessories, handcrafted by military spouse makers and artisans. They currently have 30 local employees and 27 Remote Riveters on their team.
Check out R.Riveter's American-crafted products at www.rriveter.com and take 15 percent off with code AUSA15.
Susan Rubel is AUSA's Director of Affinity Programs, responsible for AUSA Member Benefits.


text:
India Hiding the Truth?
Reports India may know more about the attack on an Israeli diplomat than it's letting on are damaging.
By Sumit Ganguly for The Diplomat
Reliable newspaper reports from Israel are suggesting that Indian police authorities have unearthed evidence that would link Iran with the recent bombing of an Israeli diplomat's car in New Delhi. Some have speculated that Indian authorities have been loath to make the evidence of Iranian involvement public for fear of damaging the diplomatic relationship with Iran.
India has a complicated geo-strategic relationship with all sides in the current Iran crisis – India has a robust diplomatic and military relationship with Israel, while the Indo-U.S. relationship, despite some occasional ebb and flow, is now on a mostly even keel.
Relations with Iran are even more complex, and India can't afford an abrupt rupture in its relations with Tehran. The two countries share common concerns about the return of the Taliban to Afghanistan in the wake of the U.S. withdrawal in 2014 or sooner. Additionally, India remains dependent on Iranian oil supplies, and Indian firms also help refine Iranian crude. Finally, whether accurate or not, many in India's political establishment, and especially within the Congress Party, fear that an open break in Indo-Iranian relations could entail political costs in Shia constituencies in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
It's clear that India faces a conundrum. However, if incontrovertible evidence of Iranian complicity in the bombing has indeed come to light, Indian authorities cannot and should not seek to sweep it under the rug.
India, which has long been the victim of both domestic as well as transnational terror, needs to forthrightly address a blatant and egregious act of terror that not merely took place on its own soil, but in what is perhaps the most fortified area within its national capital. It needs to do so for a number of compelling reasons.
On one level, India's political leadership has long argued that acts of terror are seamless. Just because India has a working relationship with Iran doesn't mean it can condone any possible state involvement in aiding and abetting terror. Otherwise, India's leadership can justifiably be accused of indulging in a double standard. Also, for purely instrumental reasons, India should also adopt an unyielding position. Can India really overlook any potential links that a country might have to a barefaced act of terror on a foreign diplomat and at least two Indian citizens? Does it not have an abiding interest in ensuring that any act of terror, regardless of origin, is simply intolerable?
Adopting a firm public position on the subject may well entail some political and even economic costs. Overlooking and denying any sign that a foreign power was involved would prove disastrous for the future.
Delhi Bomb Manhunt Continues
Investigations into Wednesday's bomb outside a Delhi court are complicated by conflicting claims of responsibility.
Terror Returns to DelhiCommonwealth Terror Threat"Red Lines" On Iran: Not So Black and WhiteOne Size Does Not Fit All: The Limits of Iron Dome India Executes "Lone Survivor" of Mumbai Attacks