text:
Rapper Tekashi 6ix9ine released from prison over coronavirus risk
Larry Neumeister
NEW YORK (AP) — Rapper Tekashi 6ix9ine was ordered immediately freed from a Manhattan federal lockup four months early Thursday by a judge who cited his asthma and the greater danger he would face behind bars during the coronavirus outbreak.
U.S. District Judge Paul A. Engelmayer made the ruling a day after telling lawyers on both sides that he intended to do so. He cited "a raging and virulent pandemic that has entered federal prisons in New York City." Prosecutors did not oppose the action.
"In light of the heightened medical risk presented to Mr. Hernandez by the COVID-19 pandemic, there are extraordinary and compelling reasons to reduce Mr. Hernandez's sentence," he said.
Last week, the judge said he would have sentenced the 23-year-old performer, whose real name is Daniel Hernandez, to home confinement rather than prison when he announced the sentence in December had he known then of the coronavirus.
Engelmayer ordered the release the same day that he asked lawyers to advise what should be done after a former associate of Tekashi 6ix9ine who was released from jail because of the coronavirus threat might have put himself in danger outside bars.
More:El Paso coronavirus updates: IDEA Public Schools closes El Paso campuses for the rest of the year
The judge said a video of Kintea McKenzie, who pleaded guilty in the case and was awaiting sentencing, "appears to reflect Mr. McKenzie partying in very close proximity to numerous others."
Engelmayer said he was concerned because the activity might reflect a violation of McKenzie's terms of pre-sentence release and because "the conduct depicted on the video suggests a complete lack of concern by Mr. McKenzie for avoidance of contagion of himself and others."
For Tekashi 6ix9ine, testimony against members of the Nine Trey Gangsta Bloods gang earned him leniency from charges that could have subjected him to a mandatory minimum 37 years in prison for crimes that included orchestrating a shooting in which an innocent bystander was wounded.
Sentenced:Tekashi 6ix9ine gets 2-year prison term in racketeering case
Trial:Tekashi 6ix9ine testifies for prosecution at gang trial, Snoop Dogg labels him a 'snitch'
The rapper is serving his sentence in a private jail because he cooperated with prosecutors and because the government has control of him as a cooperator.
He was expected to be released July 31. He will be subject to electronic monitoring until he is released from home confinement. Until then, he can visit only his lawyer or a doctor. His lawyer said he was diagnosed in October with bronchitis and sinusitis.
In 2018, Tekashi 6ix9ine had a multiplatinum hit song, "Fefe," with Nicki Minaj, which peaked at No. 3 on the pop charts, and "Stoopid," featuring imprisoned rapper Bobby Shmurda.


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The sump guard is new and fits perfectly for all versions of Peugeot 206 manufactured between 1998 and 2019.
Easy to fit although i did add a couple of extra bolts. Excellent value for money. I'd agree with the previous review re shipping, and tracking was not updated for a couple of days, but overall excellent and would recommend.


Free Haagen- Dazs Ice Cream Cone Today!
Home / Freebies / Free Stuff Online / Free Samples / Free Haagen- Dazs Ice Cream Cone Today!
Today May 14th, you can get a delicious freebie on Free Haagen-Dazs Ice Cream Cone Day! Between 4 and 8 PM, you will be able to get a free ice cream cone at your local Haagen Dazs, but you should call your store to make sure they are going to be participating!
Free Kindle Cookbook Download | 100 Tex-Mex Recipes!
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This is a taste of the American south and my favourite cayenne pepper sauce recipe. First de-seed and chop the hot peppers. Simmer together with the vinegar and salt for ten minutes. Now blend in a food processor to a paste.


When someone describes his mustache in terms of its "wingspan," you know he's talking about some serious facial hair.
Devon Holcombe's 'stache is 24 inches long, end to end. He confirms this fact with modesty, though the length reflects about a year and a half of attention and maintenance.
"Usually your hair grows about six inches a year, or at least mine does," said Holcombe. "A lot of people can't get it to grow this long. You have to have the genetics to grow it this long, which I do."
In other words, he's a natural when it involves facial hair. And the results have not gone unrecognized.
His mustache made the news a couple of weeks ago when the 30-year-old Jacksonville resident won first place in the natural category at the Just for Men National Beard and Moustache Championships in New Orleans and The Associated Press wrote about the event. Choosing that category over, say, Dali, English or Hungarian meant no aids - wax or other styling products - allowed. Humidity was the enemy. Holcombe pinned his mustache with barrettes during a parade prior to the competition so his curls would remain the way he wanted them.
His hirsute pursuit began in June 2007, Holcombe said, when he saw a photo of a handlebar mustache online and thought, "Hey, I can grow one. I have kind of a young-looking face, and so it was about growing something to look more mature. It escalated into a passion, and then it escalated into a hobby, because now I'm going to contests."
His first was the World Beard and Moustache Championships in 2009 in Anchorage, Alaska.
This past year, in addition to New Orleans, he's been to mustache competitions in Austin, Texas, Charleston, S.C., and Richmond, Va.
"It's a great excuse to travel," Holcombe said. His twin brother, Sam, also a facial hair aficionado, is planning to go to the World Beard and Moustache Championships in November in Germany.
Holcombe said he trims a few inches off his mustache once in a while "to keep it looking good," but has never considered getting rid of it.
"It's normal for me," he said. "I like it being long."
But the commitment to length comes with obligations. He'll use a conditioner, mustache oil or olive oil to keep it soft and looking good. He stays away from waxes because, he said, they can actually damage the hair.
Holcombe has spent most of the last few years bartending, though he has a teaching background and expects to be doing substitute teaching soon.
"I've had jobs when I've had to use pins and loop it around," he said, but in his own time, he's inclined to just let his mustache hang down. Which forces the issue of eating and drinking.
"Yeah, you make adjustments," Holcombe said. "You develop approach angles."


text:
THE ART OF BRICKLAYING
An emergency room nurse told me about a patient who came to the hospital in the middle of the night with an apparent kidney stone. After some preliminary tests, she handed the man a small plastic cup and said, "I need a specimen."
She left the room for a few minutes. Upon her return, the man was sitting with the empty cup in his hand. He did not understand her request.
She tried to clarify. "Can you make water?" she asked.
"No, Ma'am," he said. "I lay brick."
Laying brick is not as easy as it may seem.
In the High Hills Ridge of the Santee stands the historic Church of the Holy Cross, also known as the Holy Cross Episcopal Church. General Thomas Sumter, a Revolutionary War hero known as the Gamecock, donated the land on which the church was built. The remarkable structure is a notable example of Gothic Revival design, featuring a cruciform, cross-shaped, floor plan, corner towers, and pointed arches. The walls were constructed of pisé de terre, or rammed earth.
When Clare and I visited the church, I commented on the unusual building material. Why didn't they use brick instead of packing earth to build the old church? The answer is that there was no red clay in those sandy hills.
Browsing the Internet, I discovered that some people collect brick of various sorts. Where in the world do they keep such a collection?
I also learned more than I wanted to know about the history of brickmaking from a British Web site, http://www.brickdirectory.com.
Brick are one of the oldest known building materials dating back to the ancient city of Jericho. The first brick were made of sun-dried mud. Eventually, fired brick were discovered to be more resistant to weather and, therefore, more permanent. Fired brick also absorbed heat making the structure cooler in the day and warmer at night.
Archaeological discoveries reveal that the ancient Egyptians also used sun-dried mud brick as building materials. Paintings on the tomb walls of Thebes depict slaves making brick. The Biblical book of Exodus records brickmaking by the enslaved Israelites prior to their release from bondage.
The Greeks discovered that kiln-fired brick was less susceptible to erosion than even traditional marble walls. The Romans perfected the craft of kiln-firing red and white clay brick for the construction of public and private buildings throughout the empire.
During the twelfth century brick were introduced to northern Europe from Italy. The brick gothic period, as it is known, saw red clay fired brick used by masons instead of cut stone. The uniform shape of the brick made them easier to fit allowing the work to be more efficient. Brick Gothic style buildings are still in use throughout Europe.
Spartanburg County features several unusual examples of early American brickwork. The Thomas Price house near Switzer was built in 1795 along the Old Stagecoach Road. The steep gambrel roof and two inside end chimneys are distinctive. The brick used in the home were made on the premises and laid in a Flemish Bond style. The restored home is one of our historic treasures.
In the mid-1770s, an itinerant Dutch brick mason traveled through our county. His specialty was building chimneys with a Dutch tapestry design using handmade brick of differing shades. The light and dark colored brick created a complex pattern of diamonds in a chain. The design runs the entire height of the chimney. Smith's Tavern, also a restored home originally built in 1795, showcases one of the few remaining examples of the Dutchman's craft. The private home is located near the intersection of Ott Shoals Road and Blackstock Road south of Stone Station.
Foster's Tavern, located along the Old Georgia Road was constructed in 1807. The imposing home was built of hand thrown brick made from a nearby clay pit. This public house was an elegant inn noted for its fine hospitality during the antebellum period. John C. Calhoun was a regular guest at Foster's Tavern as were a number of other notable travelers. More recently known as the Ruff House, the landmark stands at the corner of South Carolina Highway 56 and Highway 295 near Cedar Springs.
By the way, the aforementioned clay pit was the place where my grandfather built his home in 1937. It is the home in which our family still lives.
At a cookout several years ago, I admired an outdoor grill made entirely of brick. The owner explained that he had built the grill out of brick that were left over from the construction of a retaining wall along his driveway. He hired professional bricklayers to build the wall. He watched the masons mix mortar and wield trowels as they crafted the long curved wall. Feeling somewhat confident that he had learned the art of bricklaying by merely watching the skilled laborers, he decided to try building the brick grill on his own.
After two or three frustrating attempts, he questioned his ability to complete the job. "I finally asked one of the men who built the wall to help me with the grill," he confessed. "It was not as easy as it looked."
Over the years I have seen masons working at their craft. The art of bricklaying requires skills that must be learned. A seasoned mason uses a trowel in the same way as an artist use brushes. Furthermore, the precision of the work requires masonry twine, levels, and plumb lines.
I have tried my hand at bricklaying on a few simple projects. I can attest that it is not as easy as it looks.
Masonry work requires, not only a skilled hand and a sharp eye but also a keen mind. Years ago, a college math professor came to the lumberyard to buy brick.
"I need five thousand, eight hundred, and ninety seven brick," he announced.
My grandfather said, "We usually sell brick by the thousand, but I'll sell you that exact amount for the same price as six thousand."
The professor blinked for a moment before my grandfather added, "That's a lot of brick. What are you building?"
The professor explained that he was closing in his carport to make a family room and planned to construct a fireplace with a chimney on one end of the new addition.
My grandfather commented that it must be a mighty big chimney. Then he asked, "Tell me how you figured your brick."
The professor explained that he had measured several brick, and he had measured mortar joints. Multiplying the dimensions of the fireplace and chimney, he had calculated exactly how many brick he needed.
He insisted again, "I need exactly five thousand, eight hundred, and ninety seven brick."
My grandfather took a puff on his cigar and said, "Fellow, you're not from around here, are you?"
"No," he said. "We moved here from the Midwest last year."
With another puff of his stogie, my grandfather said, "I don't know how folks build chimneys where you come from, Professor, but in this part of the world, we usually leave a hole up through the middle of the chimney so the smoke can get out."
"Oh, no!" exclaimed the professor. "I calculated a solid chimney!"
Laying brick is just not as easy as it seems.
← UNTIL WE ARE PARTED BY DEATH
REFLECTIONS ON INDEPENDENCE DAY →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Boy George and Kelly Rowland's fight on The Voice was so wild that Delta Goodrem had to step in
''It's a f---ing outrage!''
By Alex Lilly
If you thought we were done and dusted with cheating scandals and judges feuding on The Voice, you thought wrong!
On Monday night, Kelly Rowland stirred the pot one more time with her controversial song choice for Denzel and Henry during the Battles round.
"I have been breaking a couple rules this season and I continue to do so and I will do so because it's kinda fun actually," Kelly confessed to her artists. "Anything worth having is worth breaking a couple of rules."
The VoiceThe Voice Australia's Sonia Kruger: "The truth about George and Kelly's feud"
The former member of Destiny's Child chose to break the mould with a mash-up of Eminem's Lose Yourself and Adele's Skyfall to reflect Denzel's hip hop roots versus Henry's classical voice. But after a previous cheating scandal, Denzel was a little nervous.
"If we break the rules again, Boy George is going to kick my head in," he joked.
"It's not about appeasing George," Kelly replied. "I'm here to win."
And while judges Guy and Delta were big fans of Kelly's decision, there was one judge who was not happy. No prizes for guessing who.
Kelly and Boy George were at it again. (Images: Channel Nine)
"It wasn't strictly a battle, was it?" Boy George said after the performance.
But Kelly wasn't backing down saying, "I feel like what I did was actually gutsy, it was risky and as an artist, that's what we're supposed to do. You know that better than any of us."
When George mentioned that everybody else had to "do it by the rules", Kelly was not having a bar of it.
"Don't make me get un-ladylike in front of this audience, I really don't want to have to go there."
But in a move that we did not see coming, Delta Goodrem stood up and said what everyone was thinking.
Delta was forced to step in after things boiled over between Kelly and George. (Image: Channel Nine)
"Stop it!" Delta screamed to rapturous applause.
"Shush! Order!" she added banging on her buzzer in front to mock a courtroom. "I think I'm the voice of reason here tonight."
And viewers were here for her outburst, as evidenced on social media.
While Denzel was crowned the victor, George still wasn't happy and refused to call it a battle.
"It's an outrage, it's a f---ing outrage," the eighties icon was overheard saying before quickly changing his tune and saying to his fellow judges, "I like him, he's funny."
WATCH: The Voice's Kelly Rowland lashes out at Boy George. Post continues after video...
Speaking to TV WEEK, host Sonia Kruger opened up about George and Kelly's feud and complimented the American songstress on how "she makes her own rules."
"She's fearless and creative. Nobody has said, 'You can't do this', so she's going to push the envelope to win," she said.
"What I find surprising about George is that for somebody who broke all the rules when he was younger, he's now a stickler for them. It's a real contradiction.
"Ultimately, I think it will push the other coaches to bend the rules themselves."
The Voice AU,
Reality television,
Boy George,
Kelly Rowland,
Delta Goodrem,
Guy Sebastian
SHAREPIN
undefined: Alex Lilly
Real LifeA year on from our Rebuild Our Towns campaign, we speak to 91-year-old Pam, whose home was destroyed in last year's devastating bush fires
Real LifeOne year since the devastating bushfires, meet the school that's risen from the ashes
Married At First SightCue the DRAMA: Everything we know about the Married At First Sight All-Star special
Fashion NewsLaura Byrne's dreamy 'maternity' dress has got all her fans talking for a very good reason
Celeb NewsAndy Lee and Rebecca Harding set engagement rumours ablaze thanks to a very telling clue
I'm A Celebrity…Get Me Out of Here!EXCLUSIVE: "Things come out that you don't expect to come out" - Jack Vidgen reflects on his unexpectedly emotional stint on I'm A Celeb
Today 12:00pm
MoneyAre you and your partner financially compatible?
Married At First SightLet the wine throwing begin! This is when the Married At First Sight reunion is set to air
SkincareThis is the exact order you should be applying your skin care
Home and AwayHome And Away's new cast member has been identified and the story behind her character promises HUGE drama
British Royal FamilyDuchess Catherine and Prince William's latest video call from their lounge included a sweet detail in the background
TVFans react as Rebecca Gibney shares a NEW sneak peek of the Packed to the Rafters reboot
Celeb NewsSam Armytage shares stunning new wedding photos as she reveals she planned her whirlwind nuptials in THREE days
I'm A Celebrity…Get Me Out of Here!EXCLUSIVE: "I have become an even greater mum": I'm A Celeb's Julia Morris reveals how 2020 changed her for the better
TVSettle into the sofa these are the biggest TV shows coming to our screens in 2021
Celeb NewsEXCLUSIVE: The truth behind Lisa Wilkinson's rage on The Project
Celebrity FamiliesLiving her best Sydney life! Zoe Foster-Blake's family day with her A-list pals aboard a luxury yacht
Celeb NewsEXCLUSIVE: Karl Stefanovic leaves wife Jasmine as he returns to work in Sydney
I'm A Celebrity…Get Me Out of Here!EXCLUSIVE: I'm A Celeb star Paulini breaks her silence on THAT driver's licence scandal
Real LifeOne year since bushfires tore through Mogo Zoo, Australia's favourite zookeeper finds love


You have to admit: it didn't work out! Your quest to replace the stigma of SEO was futile until now!
You wanted to practice internet marketing to no avail, you still just did keyword research, onsite optimization and link building.
Then you tried to become an inbound marketer but were sending out all these cold outreach messages to unsuspecting bloggers.
Lastly you jumped on the content marketing bandwagon by publishing more and better content than the keyword-stuffed gibberish you did earlier just to get hated by real content marketers who have done that for a decade.
You are still an SEO.
Everybody still considers SEO a dirty word though so you may have decided to quit SEO as a belated April Fools joke.
There is one problem remaining though. How to call yourself now? All the marketing terms are already used by real marketers with university degrees in marketing and 30 years of experience.
as they don't sound enough like magic. So what now? You need a new acronym. Also you need an acronym that is positive and doesn't have the bad rep of SEO.
I understand that it will be difficult to rank for those as they get used by average people for different meanings but who cares?
After all we're SEOs! We will optimize our sites and get tons of links and ultimately outrank all the other sites.
People oriented optimization is what SEO 2.0 is about at its core. I guess some people think that acronym stinks though!
What is SEO 2.0? Add Your Definition Now!
Oh my Nick! I really Loughed Out Loud.


The Raven Samurai Pocket Knife has a sculpted, grooved, steel handle with a matte, rainbow titanium finish. The 3 1/2" samurai style blade is crafted of our exceptional DamascTech steel and can be easily accessed with the assisted opening mechanism via the flipper. A sturdy, deep-carry pocket clip allows you to carry this EDC pocket knife everywhere - and believe us, you will!


text:
Cosmoclostis chalconota is een vlinder uit de familie vedermotten (Pterophoridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van deze soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1947 door Fletcher D. S..

De soort komt voor in tropisch Afrika.

Vedermotten
Dier uit het Afrotropisch gebied

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
World's Skinniest Tower Is Being Constructed In United Kingdom
Wajeeha
The world has been intrigued by a queer construction project going on at the West Pier of Brighton, a seaside resort in England. The work on the British Airways i360 project has been in progress for months.
Image Source: Inhabitat
British Airways i360 holds the Guinness World Record for being the skinniest tower. The tower is only 3.9 meters wide at its widest point.
The observation deck on the top of the British Airways i360 tower has now reached its maximum height of 138 meters.
The tower will now undergo elaborate tests to ascertain its safety before it is opened to the public.
The design team of the British Airways i360 has already made a statement with the creation of the London Eye. The designer duo David Marks and Julia Barfield run the Marks Barfield Architects firm in London.
They envisioned an observation deck that could freely move up the tower.
On June 14, the glass-walled observation deck was raised to its maximum height, and a battery of tests ensued to determine its safety. Marks commented on the work thus far:
"Today, the team reached a major milestone with the pod reaching its maximum height for the first time. Testing and commissioning will continue for a few more weeks."
Once completed, the observation pod will whisk off the visitors from the base of the tower, up a 450-feet high track.
The tower is over 162 meters tall, including the height of the spire on the top of the tower.
British Airways i360 will be the world's tallest moving observation tower and will open to the public later this summer. The observation deck atop the tower will offer an unhindered 360-degree view of Brighton and Hove, the Sussex coast and the English Channel.
Tags: British Airways i360 world's thinnest tower, world's slimmest tower, world's slimmest tower in Brighton England, World's Skinniest Tower
This House Designed By An Indian Couple Doesn't Require Fans Or AC
This Hotel In China Will Be Made Completely Out Of Bamboo And Rope
China Unveils It's Own Man Made Replica Of The Niagara Falls
Did You Know About The Presence Of This Secret Apartment At Top Of Eiffel Tower?
Face Shaped Sculpture Can Move Its 42 Stainless Steel Plates And Is the Best Piece of Modern Art


True Cape hospitality on a 5th generation wine estate, with the breathtaking natural beauty of the mountain, rolling vineyards, sprawling gardens and natural streams, our friendly locals will welcome you to tastefully decorated accommodation of your choice.
Situated under ancient oak trees, flanked by Knorhoek vineyards and the Simonsberg mountain, our guesthouse offers the unique combination of modern comfort and old-world charm which includes eight tastefully decorated ensuite bedrooms with crisp white linen and all the required amenities, and two luxury cottages for those who wish to stay for longer periods.
The Van Niekerk family, 5th generation owners, invites you to enjoy breakfasts al fresco, beautiful vineyard walks, summer pool lunches at Towerbosch, winter log fires and owls to lull you to sleep after exploring the Winelands and Cape Peninsula. Situated in peaceful gardens, with a tempting rock pool and rustic outdoor restaurant and wedding venue, the 3-star guesthouse spoils guests with traditional Cape hospitality and award winning food.
• Eight bed and breakfast rooms.
• Check-in starts from 15h00 and check-out no later than 10h30.
• Breakfast is served daily between 08h00 and 10h00.
• Dinner is served from Monday to Friday at 19h00. Please book your table for dinner with the guesthouse manager by 17h00. Please see the daily menu on the blackboard in the reception area.
No dinner is served on weekends.
• The guesthouse reception closes at 17h00 on a Monday to Sunday.
• Each room is equipped with a television (DSTV bouquet), safe, ensuite bathroom, telephone, free wifi, coffee and tea trays, hair dryer, extra linen and towels (pool towels available upon request).
• Rooms equipped with air conditioner (excludes standard rooms).
• Beautiful trail routes can be enjoyed on the farm at your own risk. Keep an eye out for the wild animals such as owls, eagles, deer, peacocks, porcupines, snakes, spiders and the occasional leopard. They do not visit the area often, so you will be very fortunate to spot one upon your stay.
• Laundry services are offered.
• The main gate at the Knorhoek entrance closes at 18h30 and opens again at 06h30. Remote controllers are available to operate the electronic gate.
• Lunch is served at Towerbosch restaurant from Wednesday to Sundays between 12h00 and 15h00. Depending on availability, reservations are essential.
Knorhoek Guesthouse will be closed from 22 June 2019 until 17 July 2019.


text:
An instrument of generosity
Everyday Stewardship | October 10, 2016
Cello's value will reverberate for years to come
Who could have known when Mary K. Oyer started playing cello in sixth grade that a cello would help her generously support causes dear to her heart when she was in her 90s?
A Goshen College music and humanities professor who taught for more than 40 years, Mary's love of music began with a borrowed cello from her teacher at Parkside Elementary School in Goshen, Indiana. Mary's father had died, and her mother did not have enough money to buy a cello.
"I heard a sixth-grader playing 'Twinkle Twinkle Little Star' on a cello and I was quite enamored," she said. "I found it very compelling and exciting."
A Valiha – a long, cylindrical instrument from Madagascar with strings all the way around – stands next to Mark K. Oyer as she demonstrates how to play a Lukembe, also known as a thumb piano. Mary noted that the Lukembe is known by at least 50 other names in various parts of Africa.
Mary had one other cello of her own before she bought a higher-quality cello in 1952 from a music store in Chicago. Made in France in 1872 in the respected luthier workshop of Gand & Bernadel, the instrument "had a very full tone." She bought it for $1,000 and by 2015, its value had multiplied considerably.
Mary hadn't played the cello in a while and, in the fall of 2015, pondered what to do with the instrument. Her longtime Everence Financial Advisor showed her information about how people can donate almost anything of value and support charitable causes in the process through Everence Charitable Services.
Her advisor introduced Mary to the Everence Church Relations and Charitable Services Representative on his team. "[She] was so helpful," Mary said. "She was interested but not intrusive."
The cello was appraised and donated to Mennonite Foundation – an affiliate of Everence – and Mary's gift will support two charitable institutions that she chose.
Friends worried that parting with the cello might take an emotional toll on Mary. But while it wasn't an easy step to take, she didn't have the energy to play the cello anymore. "I was ready to let it go."
And it's not like Mary gave up music – she still has a piano and enjoys playing duets with a friend.
Mary and music have a long and close relationship. Mary said, "Emotionally, it's very important. It incorporates the right side of one's brain, which is where scientists say we process emotion," adding, "It's valuable to the spirit."
And socially, she enjoys singing hymns with others in her retirement community once a month – simply for the fun of it.
She majored in music and minored in art as a student at Goshen College, graduating in 1945. It wasn't long before the dean asked Mary to teach a course in the arts.
The college estimates that more than 5,000 students learned fundamentals of art and music through Mary's class, Introduction to fine arts. While teaching at Goshen College, Mary also earned her Doctor of Musical Arts degree in (cello) performance from the University of Michigan.
Integrating the relationship between visual arts and music in terms of their form and historical context was Mary's focus in the classroom. "I taught in a way that I understood," she said, noting that she is dyslexic but didn't know that at the time.
She remembers asking her students to "look at a painting or listen to a piece of music – what's going on here? How's it organized?" Music and paintings "use the same artistic principles, expressed in different ways – the virtues of both approaches."
She sometimes hears from former students still applying that knowledge. They may visit a cathedral in Europe, for example, and write to Mary about what they've seen.
Mary is still combining her loves of music and teaching. In 2005, she taught one of the first Lifelong Learning Institute of Elkhart County courses – a program she continues today. She especially enjoys helping the Institute students (all 55 years old or older) delve into church hymns to find out how the songs relate to what was going on in the period in which they were written.
"I really love it," said Mary, who turned 93 on April 5. What's so rewarding about teaching? "Seeing people discover the pleasure of the arts."
Everence charitable services
Mary Oyer donated her cello to Mennonite Foundation in 2015. Mennonite Foundation staff helped Mary get the instrument appraised and refurbished, and offered the cello for purchase through a broker in Chicago specializing in stringed instruments.
Once sold, the proceeds will be placed in Mary's donor advised fund, and then can be disbursed to her chosen charities. Mary said, "It was a very smooth process. I can't imagine it going better than it did."
Everence Charitable Services can provide all of the information you might need about donor advised funds and other ways to support good causes through a variety of assets.


The founder of 38 Studios says "devastating" comments by the Governor of Rhode Island were a big factor in the company's collapse.
Curt Schilling, the former Red Sox ace who founded 38 Studios in 2006, hasn't had much to say about its rapid spiral downward over the past month. He's kept quiet so far in order to avoid upsetting "sensitive" efforts to save the company, but now he's speaking out, and he doesn't have many good things to say about his erstwhile business partner.
"The Governor is not operating in the best interest of the company by any stretch, or the taxpayers, or the state," Schilling told the Providence Journal. "We're trying to save this company and we're working 24/7. The public commentary has been as big a piece of what's happening to us as anything out there."
In response to a statement from Rhode Island Governor Lincoln Chafee that the state will not give 38 Studios any more money in order to keep it afloat, he added, "That money is going into the hands, wallets, mouths of families who live in Rhode Island - right back into the system... We're not trying to take advantage of the taxpayers. We're trying to be a successful business in the State of Rhode Island that helps the State of Rhode Island get out of the doldrums that we are in."
Schilling explained that while the studio's debut release, Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning, was a solid success, the money went directly to Electronic Arts, which had already paid an up-front $35 million "publishing fee" for the game. When 38 Studios' money troubles first arose in mid-April, negotiations for further support, including $8.7 million in tax credits, appeared to be going well, until the state allegedly began playing games. That, combined with public statements from Chafee about the company's solvency issues, burn rate and other matters scared off private investors who were poised to get behind both the "Project Copernicus" MMO and the Kingdoms of Amalur sequel.
The studio isn't dead and buried just yet, as 38 Studio executives are continuing to seek investors to resuscitate the company. It also continues to pursue tax credits the state recently suggested it may be ineligible to receive. On a more personal level, Schilling says that perceptions of him as a rich guy taking government hand-outs are completely off-base; he's personally got $50 million wrapped up in the company, and stands to lose it all if it goes under.


Adaptive Insights – Where's the Valuation at Now?
Based on documents uncovered by VC Experts the cloud finance intelligence company is worth $453m. View the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed June 22, 2015 and check out the funding facts below. Want more? You can view more private company valuations, deal terms, and price per share information with our Intelligence Database.
Uber Technologies filed a Restated Certificate of Incorporation today 2/18/2015 authorizing 30,014,664 more shares of their Series E Preferred Stock. With a share price of $33.317575, this could be another $1 Billion investment in the ride share company.


Applying for a credit card is easier than ever. You can apply for a credit card online in less than 10 minutes, and often get an approval decision within a minute. If fact it seems we are constantly asked to sign up for a new offer – especially at retail stores.
While credit cards can be easy to get, you shouldn't take them for granted. Credit cards offer many benefits, but they can hurt your finances if used irresponsibly (i.e. not paying off your balance in full). From not reading the fine print to applying for too many credit cards, there are many mistakes you can make. Let's take a look at the mistakes to avoid when applying for a credit card.
When you sign up for a credit card, you get something called a cardholder agreement from the issuing bank. This document outlines the terms and conditions of your credit card. Just like you wouldn't use a chainsaw without first reading the instructions, it makes sense to review the cardholder agreement before using the credit card.
By using the credit card, you're agreeing to everything in the cardholder agreement. Ignorance is not an excuse. If you didn't know there was a fee for going over your limit, too bad, you should have read your agreement. You don't have to memorize the cardholder agreement, but at least skim through it and familiarize yourself with the main details.
With temptation everywhere, you can end up with a wallet full of credit cards without even realizing it. Generally, you're fine with two or three credit cards. Anything more than that is usually overkill for most consumers.
Applying for too many credit cards within a few days is a credit no-no. It shows borrowers that you may be worried about being turned down or taking on too much debt. If you're planning to apply for more than one credit card, spread the applications out over a few weeks or months. You'll have a better chance of being approved and avoid hurting your credit score.
There's no denying it – Canadian loves their credit card rewards. Cashback, reward points and travel rewards – there are plenty of credit card types to choose from. Before applying for a credit card, make sure you value the rewards.
For example, if you haven't seen a movie at the theatre in five years, it makes little sense to apply for the SCENE VISA Card. Likewise, if you don't enjoy to travel, it doesn't make sent to apply for a travel rewards credit card. If you're not into either, you're probably better off with a cashback credit card. You'll get hard, cold cash for everyday spending you can use however you please.
Initial sign-up bonuses are attractive, but if you wont value the rewards in the long term the card will likely go unused.
To get the most out of your credit card use, it pays in the long term to understand the fine print of your credit card agreement. It's also important to get (and use) the rewards card that will add to your bottom line, instead of collecting dust in a junk drawer. Be careful when applying for multiple credit cards within a short period of time as it can have a negative impact on your credit.
> View 3 more mistakes to avoid when applying for a credit card.
Aeroplan Cardholders Can Now Use Points to Cover Surcharges, But Is It Worth It?


The Kupiński Guitar Duo is the peerless example of artistic talent in the world of classical music and one of Europe's most renowned guitar duos. Acclaimed by both the public and critics alike as two musicians with a brilliant technique, passion, quality of sound and infinite elegance.
In addition to the numerous solo achievements, after graduating the Karol Szymanowski Academy of Music in Katowice (guitar class of prof. Alina Gruszka and prof. Wanda Palacz) and Hochschule für Musik in Weimar (guitar class of prof. Thomas Müller-Pering), Ewa and Dariusz decided to establish the guitar duo, bringing to their performances a masterful sense of ensemble and charming personal chemistry.
As soloists and in a duo they have won numerous awards in important international competitions (Weikersheim, Parma, Tychy, Viareggio, Bojano, Erwitte). They have been honoured multiple times with prestigious awards and scholarships for artistic achievements, such as "Young Poland" Scholarship, the Polish Minister of Culture and National Heritage Scholarship and DAAD. They have played recitals in Europe (e.g. Poland, England, Germany, France, Slovakia), USA (e.g. Washington, Houston, San Jose, Oklahoma City, Louisville), Mexico and China.
As a part of their passion for education, they have been invited to give Master Classes in Europe, Asia and USA. Ewa holds the Habilitation degree in guitar performance and is currently teaching at the Institute of Music of Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa.
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MICHEL FOUCAULT seeks throughout his work to make sense of how our contemporary society is structured differently from the society that preceded us. He has been particularly influential precisely because he tends to overturn accepted wisdom, illustrating the dangers inherent in those Enlightenment reforms that were designed to correct the barbarity of previous periods (the elimination of dungeons, the modernization of medicine, the creation of the public university, etc.). As Foucault illustrates, each process of modernization entails disturbing effects with regard to the power of the individual and the control of government. Indeed, his most influential work, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, paints a picture of contemporary society that sometimes resembles George Orwell's 1984. He explores the ways that government has claimed ever greater control over and enforcement of ever more private aspects of our lives.
In particular, Foucault explores the transition from what he terms a "culture of spectacle" to a "carceral culture." Whereas in the former punishment was effected on the body in public displays of torture, dismemberment, and obliteration, in the latter punishment and discipline become internalized and directed to the constitution and, when necessary, rehabilitation of social subjects.
Jeremy Bentham's nineteenth-century prison reforms provide Foucault with a representative model for what happens to society in the nineteenth century.note Bentham argued in The "Panopticon" that the perfect prison would be structured in a such a way that cells would be open to a central tower. In the model, individuals in the cells do not interact with each other and are constantly confronted by the panoptic tower (pan=all; optic=seeing). They cannot, however, see when there is a person in the tower; they must believe that they could be watched at any moment: "the inmate must never know whether he is being looked at at any one moment; but he must be sure that he may always be so" (Foucault, Discipline 201).
Bentham saw this prison reform as a model for how society should function. To maintain order in a democratic and capitalist society, the populace needs to believe that any person could be surveilled at any time. In time, such a structure would ensure that the people would soon internalize the panoptic tower and police themselves: "He who is subjected to a field of visibility, and who knows it, assumes responsibility for the constraints of power; he makes them play spontaneously upon himself; he inscribes in himself the power relation in which he simultaneously plays both roles; he becomes the principle of his own subjection" (Foucault, Discipline 202-203). This system of control has, arguably, been aided in our own culture by new technological advancements that allow federal agencies to track your movement and behavior (the internet, telephones, cell phones, social security numbers, the census, ATMs, credit cards, and the ever increasing number of surveillance cameras in urban spaces). By carceral culture, Foucault refers to a culture in which the panoptic model of surveillance has been diffused as a principle of social organization, affecting such disparate things as the university classroom (see right for a prison school that resembles some classroom auditoriums); urban planning (organized on a grid structure to facilitate movement but also to discourage concealment); hospital and factory architecture; and so on. As Foucault puts it, the Panopticon
is polyvalent in its applications; it serves to reform prisoner, but also to treat patients, to instruct schoolchildren, to confine the insane, to supervise workers, to put beggars and idlers to work. It is a type of location of bodies in space, of distribution of individuals in relation to one another, of hierarchical organization, of disposition of centres and channels of power, of definition of the instruments and modes of intervention of power, which can be implemented in hospitals, workshops, schools, prisons. Whenever one is dealing with a multiplicity of individuals on whom a task or a particular form of behaviour must be imposed, the panoptic schema may be used. (Discipline 205).
"The panoptic schema, without disappearing as such or losing any of its properties, was destined to spread throughout the social body," Foucault explains; "its vocation was to become a generalized function" (Discipline 207). The ultimate result is that we now live in the panoptic machine: "We are neither in the amphitheatre, nor on the stage, but in the panoptic machine, invested by its effects of power, which we bring to ourselves since we are part of its mechanism" (Discipline 217).
Some of the effects of this new model of organization include :
1) the internalization of rules and regulations. As we naturalize rules, society could be said to become less willing to contest unjust laws. Of course, Foucault has Nazi Germany in mind when he thinks about conformity; however, studies of American society (Philip Zimbardo, Stanley Milgram) have suggested that Americans are, in fact, just as willing to follow authorities even when it means doing violence to innocent subjects.
2) rehabilitation rather than cruel and unusual punishment. This reform was implemented because of nineteenth-century outcries over the inhumane treatment of prisoners and the insane. Foucault however questions the subsequent emphasis on the "normal," which entails the enforcement of the status quo on ever more private aspects of our lives (for example, sexuality). As he puts it, "The judges of normality are present everywhere. We are in the society of the teacher-judge, the doctor-judge, the educator-judge, the 'social-worker'-judge; it is on them that the universal reign of the normative is based; and each individual, wherever he may find himself, subjects to it his body, his gestures, his behaviour, his aptitudes, his achievements" (Discipline 304).
3) surveillance into ever more private aspects of our lives, which, once again, is aided by new surveillance technology.
4) information society. All of this surveillance and information-gathering leads, of course, to huge challenges for the organization and retrieval of data. Perhaps the very move of society into this new mode of social organization made the invention of the computer inevitable since it allows us to organize ever more vast amounts of data.
5) bureaucracy. A new white-collar labor force is necessary to set up the procedures for information retrieval and storage. This form of organization encourages a separation from real people since it turns individuals into statistics and paperwork. A classic example is Nazi Germany's Adolf Eichmann.
6) efficiency. Value is placed on the most efficient means of organizing data and individuals to effect the mass production and dissemination of more goods and information, even if at the expense of exploitation or injustice.
7) specialization. Members of the workforce are organized into increasingly specialized fields, so much so that we increasingly rely on other "experts" to complete tasks that had previously been shared or common knowledge (the preparation of meats and other food products, building construction, transportation, etc.).
Proper Citation of this Page:
Felluga, Dino. "Modules on Foucault: On Panoptic and Carceral Society." Introductory Guide to Critical Theory. Date of last update, which you can find on the home page. Purdue U. Date you accessed the site. <http://www.purdue.edu/guidetotheory/newhistoricism/modules/foucaultcarceral.html>.


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BUKHARA iv. Khanate of Bukhara and Khorasan
iv. The Khanate of Bukhara and Khorasan
The first distinctive political separation of Transoxania from Persia took place in 873/1469 when the Timurid empire was finally divided into two independent states, Transoxania and Khorasan, ruled by the descendants of Abū Saʿd and ʿOmar Shaikh, respectively. But it was only with the Sunnite Uzbek conquest of Central Asia and the unification of all of Persia under Shiʿite Safavid rule by Shah Esmāʿīl I (r. 907-30/1501-24) that the Khanate of Bukhara and Khorasan became politically foreign to each other. From the very beginning, the central problem in political relations between the Safavid state and the Shaibanids of Transoxania was the control of Khorasan. This problem often dominated the relations between the Khanate of Bukhara and Persia also later, almost until the 13th/19th century.
The Shaibanids had gained hold of Khorasan during 911-14/1506-08, only to lose it gradually during 916-19/1510-13 to Shah Esmāʿīl (Ḥabīb al-sīar, Tehran, IV, pp. 506-14; Ḥasan Rūmlū, ed. Navāʾī, II, pp. 156-61), and for the following twenty-five years the Uzbeks repeatedly tried to recover this loss. The leading figure in these attempts was ʿObayd-Allāh Khan, who resided in Bukhara, first as the ruler of the Bukhara appanage, and then as the supreme khan of the Uzbeks (see iii, above). The Uzbeks led by ʿObayd-Allāh Khan invaded Khorasan five times (930-31/1524-25, 933-35/1526-28, 935-37/1529-31, 938-40/1532-33, 941-44/1535-38; Eskandar Beg, pp. 50-66; tr. Savory, I, pp. 84-109) and were sometimes able to occupy the entire province up to Astarābād in the west (see Dickson, pp. 101-08, with further refs. to sources). Herat was captured by ʿObayd-Allāh Khan twice, in 936/1529 and 942/1536. But the only decisive battle, which took place at Ḵosrowjerd near Jām (10 Moḥarram 935/24 September 1528), was won by the Qezelbāš under Shah Ṭahmāsb (Eskandar Beg, pp. 52-57; tr. Savory, I, pp. 87-93), and after that the Uzbeks had to retreat before Ṭahmāsb every time he came with the royal army to liberate the province (for a detailed analysis of these wars see Dickson, with references to the sources). The only major city of Khorasan that the Uzbeks were able to retain was Balḵ, which had been ruled by Bābor's governor Moḥammad Zamān Mīrzā and was captured in 932/1526 by Kesken-Qarā-Solṭān (second son of the Shaibanid Jānībeg-Solṭān; Ḥasan Rūmlū, ed. Navāʾī, II, p. 257; Akhmedov, p. 79); since then the province of Balḵ was an important area of Uzbek settlement and a springboard for further Uzbek invasions and raids on Khorasan.
The next fifty years were a relatively peaceful period in the relations between the Shaibanids and Safavids, mainly because of the internal troubles in Transoxania, where a unified Shaibanid khanate continued to exist in name only. The peace was interrupted only twice: in 957/1550, by an unsuccessful attempt of the new Shaibanid supreme khan Nowrūz Aḥmad (Barāq Khan), to conquer Herat (see Ḥasan Rūmlū, ed. Navāʾī, II, pp. 443-45), and in 974/1567 by an equally unsuccessful raid on Khorasan by ʿAbd-Allāh-Solṭān (future khan: ibid., pp. 552-53). After ʿAbd-Allāh Khan II (q.v.) effectively unified the state he immediately renewed the campaigns in Khorasan. In 997/1589 his army conquered Herat, and the Qezelbāš, as well as many civilians there, were slaughtered (Eskandar Beg, I, pp. 386-89; tr. Savory, II, pp. 557-59). The next year ʿAbd-al-Moʾmen, son of ʿAbd-Allāh Khan, who held Balḵ as his appanage, took advantage or the fact that Shah ʿAbbās had to face the Ottoman offensive in the west and conquered a great portion of Khorasan. Mašhad was captured after a four-months siege and sacked for three days. The Uzbeks slaughtered a great number of the city inhabitants and plundered the shrine of Imam ʿAlī al-Reżā (Eskandar Beg, I, pp. 411-14, tr. Savory, II, pp. 589-90). According to some accounts, ʿAbd-al-Moʾmen even ordered the remains of Shah Ṭahmāsb, who had been buried near the shrine, to be exhumed and burnt and the ashes dispersed in the wind. (This story is told in Taḏkera-ye moqīm-ḵānī, tr. Semenov, pp. 62-68, which gives also the text of a long letter by ʿAbd-al-Moʾmen to the Ottoman sultan Morād III, describing this event; Eskandar Beg, I, pp. 526-28, tr. Savory, II, pp, 702-07, also mentions this account, but seems to give preference to a different story, according to which the remains of Shah Ṭahmāsb were saved from desecration.) During the several subsequent years all of Khorasan was captured by the Uzbeks, who also raided other regions as far as Yazd and Kāšān (Eskandar Beg, I, pp. 525-26, 532-33, tr. Savory, II, pp. 701-02, 711-12). Attempts at pushing them out of Khorasan remained inconclusive until the death of ʿAbd-Allāh Khan in 1006/1598 and ʿAbd-al-Moʾmen Khan in 1007/1598. In 1006-07/1598 Shah ʿAbbās reconquered Khorasan (Eskandar Beg, I, pp. 564-73; tr. Savory, II, pp. 748-60). The shah's attempt to capture Balḵ (1010-11/1602), however, ended in failure (Eskandar Beg, II, pp. 619-628, tr. Savory, II, pp. 809-19).
The Shaibanids exchanged letters with the Ottoman sultans, some of which have been preserved in Monšaʾāt al-salāṭīn by Ferīdūn Beg (comp. 982/1574-75), but the assumption often made that there existed an active alliance against the Safavids has yet to be confirmed. It seems that the diplomatic correspondence between these two Sunnite powers contained mutual encouragements to fight the common enemy but made no effort to effectively coordinate their efforts (cf. Dickson, pp. 255-59).
During the Janid rule in Bukhara (see iii, above) hostilities alternated with periods of peaceful and sometimes even friendly relations. A reconciliation between Walī-Moḥammad Khan (1014-20/1605-11) and Shah ʿAbbās I took place in 1018/1609 (Eskandar Beg, II, pp. 815-16, tr. Savory, II, p. 1020), and after Walī-Moḥammad Khan's flight from Bukhara in 1020/1611, Shah ʿAbbās received him in very friendly terms and tried to help him to regain his throne (Eskandar Beg, II, pp. 832-42, tr. Savory, II, pp. 1037-48). However, after the accession of Emāmqolī Khan (1020-51/1611-42) Uzbek raids on Khorasan, both from Bukhara and Balḵ, were renewed. Eskandar Beg (II, pp. 884, 893-94, 927-28, 961-62, tr. Savory, II, pp. 1100, 1109-10, 1145-46, 1183) mentions raids that occurred in 1223/1614, 1024/1615, 1027/1617, and 1030/1620-21. Embassies from Nāder-Moḥammad Khan (Emāmqolī's brother, ruler of Balḵ) arrived in Persia in 1030/1620-21 (Eskandar Beg, II, pp. 962-64, 983, tr. Savory, II, pp. 1185-86, 1204-05), and negotiations resulted in a decade of peaceful relations (see Eskandar Beg, D¨ayl, p. 25), but after the death of Shah ʿAbbās, in the 1040s/1630s ʿAbd-al-ʿAzīz-Solṭān (whom the Safavid historians call khan although he did not bear this title at that time), son of Nāder-Moḥammad Khan, conducted several large-scale raids on Khorasan (see Rettelbach, pp. 96, 107, 117, 118-20, 158, 164, 174; Eskandar Beg, D¨ayl, pp. 102, 104; Moḥammad-Yūsof, pp. 150-52, 205-06); in the words of Moḥammad-Yūsof (p. 150), ʿAbd-al-ʿAzīz Khan would go on raid against Khorasan more often than he would go to the bath. However, later, when be became khan in Bukhara (1055-91/1645-80), he apparently maintained good relations with Persia: regular exchange of embassies between him and Shah ʿAbbās II (1052-77/1642-66) is mentioned by Waḥīd Qazvīnī (pp. 148, 161, 209, 229, 263, 318).
In all military conflicts between the Uzbeks and the Safavids after the death of Shah Esmāʿīl I, during the 10th/16th and the 11th/17th centuries, the Safavids were clearly on the defensive, only trying to repel the Uzbek raids on Khorasan; the Safavids never attempted, in turn, to invade Transoxania. On the other hand, with the exception of the campaigns of ʿObayd-Allāh Khan and ʿAbd-Allāh Khan, the Uzbeks did not try to occupy any part of Khorasan permanently (beside the province of Balḵ), and their campaigns were only marauding raids, even though sometimes on a rather large scale (the figures "20,000" and "30,000" soldiers often given in such Persian sources as Eskandar Beg, II, p. 927; tr. Savory, II, p. 1145; Moḥammad-Yūsof, pp. 150-51, 205; Rettelbach, p. 119, for the Uzbek raiding parties should perhaps not always be taken literally). The first and only conquest of Bukhara (as well as of Ḵᵛārazm) undertaken by a Persian ruler was that of Nāder Shah in 1153/1740 (see iii, above). The conquest, however, did not result in the establishment of any effective Persian rule, and the vassal relations of Bukhara to Persia came to an end with the death of Nāder Shah. The third ruler of the Manḡït dynasty, Mīr Maʿṣūm Shah Morād (see iii, above), renewed the raids against Khorasan. He defeated Bayrām-ʿAlī Khan ʿEzz-al-Dīnlū Qājār, the independent Qajar ruler of Marv, and annexed the oasis of Marv to the Khanate of Bukhara, having first devastated it (ʿAbd-al-Karīm Boḵārī, text, pp. 58-63; tr. pp. 131-44; Hedāyat, IX, p. 402). It is told that he hoped to be able to conquer Mašhad and to divide the treasures of the shrine of Imam ʿAlī al-Reżā among his troops (Bartol'd, p. 281), but he never came close to it. In the 13th/19th century the Khanate of Bukhara maintained peaceful relations with Khorasan—both on account of its relative weakness and because it ceased to be its immediate neighbor, being cut off by the territory of independent Turkmen tribes in the west and Afghanistan in the south.
It is often assumed that the nature of relations between the khans of Bukhara and the Persian court since the beginning of the 10th/16th century was determined by the "sectarian rift" between the two after Shiʿism became the state religion under Shah Esmāʿīl. This is, however, an oversimplification. The religious hostility was, indeed, sometimes rather intense. Šaybānī (Šaybak) Khan and his successors, almost all of whom were followers of Naqšbandī shaikhs of Transoxania, saw and portrayed themselves as the defenders of the orthodox Sunnite Islam from the Shiʿite Qezelbāš threat, and it is possible that the ḵoṭba read in the cities of Khorasan conquered by Šaybānī Khan, in which he was proclaimed emām-e zamān wa ḵalīfat al-Raḥmān (first in Herat, see Ḥabīb al-sīar, Tehran, IV, p. 379; cf. Semenov, 1954, pp. 67-70), symbolized his claim to the status of caliph as a head of all Muslims. The slaughter of the entire Sunnite population of the city of Qaršī by order of Najm-e T¨ānī Amir Yār-Aḥmad Eṣfahānī in 918/1512 must have created a general hatred towards the Shiʿites (Ḥabīb al-sīar, Tehran, IV, pp. 526-30; Ḥasan Rūmlū, ed. Navāʾī, II, pp. 170-72), and stories of atrocities against the Sunnites committed by the Qezelbāš in Persia and especially Khorasan during the conquests of Shah Esmāʿīl I were brought to Transoxania by numerous refugees who flocked to the Shaibanid territory during the first two decades of the 10th/16th century. Many of these refugees, especially such influential religious figures as the author Fażl-Allāh b. Rūzbehān Ḵonjī Eṣfahānī, actively agitated for a Sunnite "reconquista" (see Fażl-Allāh, introd., pp. 25, 28-29). Similarly, stories of plunder and acts of violence against the Shiʿites committed by the Uzbeks in Khorasan increased the hostility toward them among the local population. Still, all this did not necessarily affect the actual policy of both sides towards each other, which had to be determined by more practical considerations, and very often the sectarian hatred was used only as a poorly disguised pretext for plunder and settling personal relations (cf. Dickson, pp. 42-43, 185-86, where the fact is noted that in the Qezelbāš-Uzbek political relations "Realpolitik" usually prevailed over the ideology). As mentioned above, periods of peaceful relations were probably not less common phenomenon than wars and raids, they simply were not paid as much attention by the contemporary chroniclers.
In addition to the frequent hostilities two problems connected with them plagued the relations between the khans of Bukhara and the Persian court throughout the period under discussion: the Central Asian Muslim's use of the pilgrimage route to Mecca via the Khorasan road, and the Persian captives in Bukhara. Opening the Khorasan road for the ḥajj had a great importance for the people of Bukhara because in its absence the Central Asian pilgrims had to go across the Caspian Sea, over the Caucasus, and via Istanbul, which was far more expensive and often much more hazardous. However, the Khorasan road was not automatically closed because of the sectarian rift between Transoxania (and Ḵᵛārazm) and Khorasan. At least, several Bukharan and Khwarazmian rulers, actual and deposed, were able to make the pilgrimage through Persian territory, sometimes with a large escort—evidently with the consent of Persian authorities (see Taḏkera-ye moqīm-ḵānī, tr. Semenov, p. 101, on the ḥajj of Nāder-Moḥammad Khan in 1061/1650-51; p. 107, on the ḥajj of ʿAbd-al-ʿAzīz Khan in 1091/1680; Šēr-Moḥammad Moʾnes, pp. 150-51, on the ḥajj of Yādgār Khan of Ḵīva). The arrival in 1007/1598-99 of Mīrzā Beg with his household (kūč), an important naqīb and a ḵúāja of the Naqšbandī order, from Transoxania on the way to Mecca is mentioned by Eskandar Beg (I, p. 547, tr. Savory, II, p. 727). It is well attested that in the 13th/19th century common Central Asian pilgrims could take the Persian route despite its dangers (see Vámbéry, pp. 9-12); this had probably been the case also earlier, at least in times of peace.
The problem of the captives in Central Asia was more difficult. Eskandar Beg (II, pp. 629, tr. Savory, II, pp. 819-20) claims that the Uzbeks adopted their practice of taking Persian civilians into captivity and selling them as slaves in Central Asia and beyond after the invasions of Khorasan by ʿAbd-Allāh Khan and ʿAbd-al-Moʾmen Khan. This practice was legally justified by the Sunnite lawyers, who proclaimed that the Shiʿites were infidels (and Khorasan, accordingly, dār al-ḥarb; the terms kāfer and rāfeż were both widely used in the literature as pejorative designations of Shiʿites). Persian slaves were found in Bukhara in large numbers down to the Russian conquest (and even later), where they were employed mainly as household servants and the khan's bodyguards (cf. Mannanov, pp. 34-37). No serious attempts to release these captives were made by Persian governments; the only known mission which had this specific purpose—that of Reżāqolī Khan in 1267/1851—was sent to Ḵᵛārazm (the main slave market of Central Asia), not to Bukhara (see Ādamīyat, pp. 599-610). All that the Persian authorities could do was to retaliate in kind by capturing and selling Central Asian Sunnites as slaves; however, because the Qezelbāš never raided Transoxania itself, the main victims were the Turkmen living along the Khorasan border (see Eskandar Beg, loc. cit.). On the other hand, the Turkmen, especially since the 12th/18th century, became the main suppliers of Persian slaves to both Bukhara and Ḵᵛārazm, raiding Khorasan constantly.
The frequent hostilities between the khans of Bukhara and the Persian court must have contributed to the gradual economical decline of Khorasan, but it is difficult to assess how much of the decline that was evident in the 13th/19th century should be attributed to these hostilities and how much to the resurgence of tribalism and the political turmoil of the 12th/18th century in Persia. It is even more difficult to assess the results of the sectarian rift between Bukhara and Khorasan for the economy of Transoxania. Trade between the two countries certainly continued, although probably on a smaller scale and frequently interrupted by wars. The main impediment for trade was not the religious differences, but the insecurity of trade routes.
It was in the field of cultural exchange that relations between the two were most deeply affected by the sectarian antagonism. Anti-Shiʿite propaganda in Bukhara and anti-Sunnite propaganda in Khorasan remained strong. Even though it only seldom directly influenced the "Realpolitik" of the two governments, it had serious consequences on individual and emotional level (cf. Dickson, pp. 147-51, 155-58, 241-42). Exchanges of polemical letters between the theologians of Transoxania and Persia proper, quoted in some historical works (e.g., Eskandar Beg, I, pp. 390-98, tr. Savory, II, pp. 561-75; Taḏkera-ye moqīm-ḵānī, tr. Semenov, pp. 206-21), were popular reading to judge from the number of manuscripts of the various enšāʾ-works in which they are preserved. The mutual perception of Central Asian Sunnites and Persian Shiʿites was tinted by such negative literary cliche's as "Uzbekān bī-īmān" (the faithless Uzbeks) and "Qezelbāš bad-maʿāš" (the villainous Qezelbāš). The circulation of literary works of all genres on each side tended to exclude more and more the works written on the other side of the "confrontation line": an examination of the existing catalogs of Persian manuscript collections shows that, whereas before the 10th/16th century works written in Persia proper would also commonly reach Transoxania and vice versa, only few such works would come to Transoxania after that, and even fewer works written in Bukhara (and Central Asia in general) could be found in Persia proper. The question of possible mutual influences in visual arts since the 10th/16th century has not been sufficiently studied, but it seems that they also substantially decreased. It has been suggested that this cultural isolation from Khorasan was detrimental for Central Asia (The Cambridge History of Islam I, 1970, p. 468), and it may also be argued that it was not beneficial for Khorasan either (see, further, Bregel, pp. 10-11).
F. Ādamīyat, Amīr(-e) Kabīr o Īrān, 4th ed., 1354 Š./1975.
B. A. Akhmedov, Istoriya Balḵa (XVI-pervaya polovina XVIII v.), Tashkent, 1982.
V. V. Bartol'd, Sochineniya II/1, Moscow, 1963.
Yu. Bregel, The Role of Central Asia in the History of the Muslim East, Afghanistan Council, Occasional Paper (New York) 20, 1980.
M. Dickson, Sha'h Tahma'sb and the Uzbeks. The Duel for Khura'sa'n with ʿUbayd Kha'n: 930-946/1524-1540, Ph.D. dissertation, Princeton, 1958.
Eskandar Beg, D¨ayl-e Tārīḵ-e ʿālamārā-ye ʿabbāsī, ed. A. Sohaylī Ḵᵛansārī, Tehran, 1317 Š./1938, pp. 1-146.
Fażl-Allāh b. Rūzbehān, Mehmān-nāma-ye Boḵārā, ed. R. P. Dzhalilova, Moscow, 1976.
Ferīdūn Beg Aḥmad, Monšaʾāt al-salāṭīn, 2nd ed., Istanbul, 1274/1858.
B. Mannanov, Iz istorii russko-iranskikh otnosheniĭ v kontse XIX-nachale XX veka, Tashkent, 1964. Reżāqolī Khan Hedāyat, Tārīḵ-e rawżat al-ṣafā-ye nāṣerī, Qom, 1339 Š./1960.
G. Rettelbach, Óulāṣat as-siyar. Der Iran unter Schah ṣafī (1629-1642) nach der Chronik des Muḥammad Maʿṣūm b. Óuāg¡agī Iṣfahānī, Munich, 1978.
A. A. Semenov, "Sheĭbani-khan i zavoevanie im imperii timuridov," in Materialy po istorii tadzhikov i uzbekov Sredneĭ Azii I, Stalinabad, 1954, pp. 39-83.
Šēr-Moḥammad Moʾnes, Ferdaws al-eqbāl, ed. Yu. Bregel, Leiden, 1988.
Taḏkera-ye moqīm-ḵānī, tr. A. A. Semenov, Tashkent, 1956.
A. Vámbéry, Travels in Central Asia, London, 1864.
ʿEmād-al-Dīn Moḥammad-Ṭāher Waḥīd Qazvīnī, ʿAbbās-nāma, ed. E. Dehgān, Arak, 1329 Š./1951.
Moḥammad-Yūsof Wāleh, Ḵold-e barīn, pub. in Eskandar Beg, Ḏayl, pp. 146ff.
(Yuri Bregel)
Vol. IV, Fasc. 5, pp. 521-524
BUKHARA i. In Pre-Islamic Times
BUKHARA ii. From the Arab Invasions to the Mongols
BUKHARA iii. After the Mongol Invasion
BUKHARA v. Archeology and Monuments
BUKHARA vi. Bukharan School of Miniature Painting
BUKHARA vii. Bukharan Jews
BUKHARA viii. Historiography of the Khanate, 1500-1920
0 COMMENTS on BUKHARA IV. KHANATE OF BUKHARA AND KHORASAN


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Querciola and the Gothic Line
Querciola, Lizzano in Belvedere (Bo) | 44.19540 E - 10.88598 N |
Querciola was on the part of the Gothic Line running from Riva Ridge to Monte Belvedere. All the attacks launched on the summit of Belvedere by Armando's partisans and the American mountain troops passed through here. On 28 September 1944 the German column responsible for the Ca' Berna massacre also passed through Querciola on its way to Ronchidoso, and a young man was surprised and killed.
The square named after the American Mountain troops contains a monument to them. On 2015, a plaque was added to the monument to commemorate the American Jewish doctor awarded the Bronze Star for his work on Monte Cappel Buso, who was killed shortly afterwards, early in March 1945, during the battle to take Castel d'Aiano.
Piazza 10th Mountain Division, 40042 Querciola (Bo)


The triangle dot in the Leupold Deltapoint looks like a round dot projected through a filter to make it triangular. I suspect so because there is a faint splatter ring like I would see if looking at a red dot reticle about the same size. The only other dot I see that clearly is the Trijicon. Unfortunately in the RMR there is more than one clear dot where I should see just one.
How does Leupold do it? Are there any small MOA round dots projected the same way?
Yes, it is usually a mask over a light source.
Shield SIS offers a multi dot reticle pattern. There are a few others as well.
Thanks. Perhaps as the Shield becomes more popular I might lay my hands on one.


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Home » Celebrities » Tiana's Palace Restaurant to Open In Disneyland In 2023
Tiana's Palace Restaurant to Open In Disneyland In 2023
Tiana is taking over New Orleans Square at Disneyland!
The Princess and the Frog character will be getting a new restaurant in the land at the Anaheim theme park, and it will replicate her dream restaurant from the Disney movie.
Click inside to find out more…
Tiana's Palace will be a quick service restaurant, offering authentic New Orleans flavors, expanding on current favorites in the location and exploring seasonal flavors.
To note, the new restaurant will not be a character dining experience, although Tiana may be found in New Orleans Square.
Tiana's Palace will take over the French Market Restaurant, and for the renovations, the French Market and Mint Julep Bar will be closed starting February 17th.
The restaurant will reopen later this year as Tiana's Palace and the Mint Julep Bar will reopen.
This is just the latest news of what's to come – Eudora's Chic Boutique featuring Tiana's Gourmet Secrets recently opened in New Orleans Square, and Tiana's Bayou Adventure will be opening (taking place of Splash Mountain, of course) in 2024.
Find out the latest about Tiana's Bayou Adventure here!
Check out the full artist concept art for Tiana's Palace in the gallery…
CategoryCelebrities
Newcastle Utd star Joelinton, 26, charged with drink-driving after being pulled over by cops | The Sun
I moved out of my home to live in a Ford Transit van – people are stunned at where I put my stuff & it even has a garage | The Sun


This 1951SF, 3BR/2BA home with study/office in NO HOA neighborhood of Newberry Oaks is under construction to be completed Mid-May. Home offers many wonderful upgrades as standards and features. Made with Hardi-board exterior for easier maintenance with a transferrable termite policy. Wood cabinets and granite countertops in the kitchen and baths, stainless steel stove, built in microwave, and dishwasher, breakfast bar and breakfast nook, easy care ceramic tile backsplash and tile floors in wet areas. Trey ceiling in living area with crown molding and laminate wood floors. Oversized 8' 2-car garage door. Tankless water heater and Low E Vinyl windows. Located near both Champions Park of Newberry and the Easton-Newberry Sports Complex. Photos are of a prior completed model.


Knife Command brings you fine handmade knives from Seki, Japan. Ichiro Hattori started Hattori Knives in 1971 and has been making knives for major manufacturers. Hattori also produces a very small number of knives bearing the Hattori brand name. They are getting to be few and far between, but we will try to get them when we can. Hattori brand knives are superior in quality and a quickly becoming high value collectibles.


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May 30, 2008 May 30, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Retail, Tech
Random House commissioned Zogby International to conduct a poll of more than 8,000 Americans about their book-buying habits. You can read the findings online (PDF). (Via)
Some interesting details pop up, once you scrape away the "American Dream Materialists" vs. "American Dream Spiritualists" funny business. (I have a sociologist in the family who cautions me not to treat Zogby as the gold standard in social research—I'm not articulate enough to restate all the reasons, though of course a poll on book buying commissioned by a company that's trying to get you to buy books has inherent issues. And it's an Internet poll, which I have to imagine skews the facts too.) Lots of us buy books at independent stores (49 percent) but not very often (9 percent of the time). We like Barnes & Noble brick-and-mortar stores (47 percent) but not their online store (10 percent). Being able to find a book quickly online is more important that knowing what others thought about it. End-caps aren't terribly useful. Hardly anybody cares about e-books.
Most interesting (at least to my own selfish interests), we consider book reviews an important factor in our book buying (49 percent)—a huge trouncing of Oprah Winfrey, who only inspires book buying five percent of the time. (Jon Stewart beat her with eight percent—where's his book club?) Thing is, I wish I knew what people have in mind when they hear the term "book review." Does it mean a reader review on an Amazon page or a post on a book blog or a piece in a literary review? Probably some mix of all three—after all, we're in an era where a lot of younger readers don't especially notice whether a story they take to appeared on the New York Times or the AP wire ("I saw it on the Internet"). Attention pollsters: Maybe break out the question into subcategories of "review" next time around?
Update: Caleb Crain weighs in.
Roundup: Strange Cargo
May 29, 2008 May 29, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Catherine Tudish, Edward P. Jones, Ha Jin, Jonathan Miles, Lorrie Moore
Edward P. Jones still isn't working on another novel. After a reading at Boston University last month (video here, which also features Catherine Tudish and Ha Jin), he told the audience, "even if I were, it's hard to talk about that kind of thing. It's like you're pregnant, and somebody talks about the future of your child, at 5, at 10, at 15, but all you're hoping for is happiness and health. You can't think much beyond that."
I hadn't heard about the Kinky Friedman precedent until I read an interview with Jonathan Miles in USA Today. Miles talks about his new novel, Dear American Airlines, which didn't get much static from the carrier thanks to Friedman's Elvis, Jesus, and Coca-Cola. Not that he wasn't concerned: "American seems euphonious and iconic," he says. "'Dear JetBlue' doesn't work as well."
Blogging from the Hay Festival, John Freeman notes that Lorrie Moore was asked by an audience member whether the United States is more receptive to short-story writers. Jhumpa Lahiri comes in handy in answering that question these days:
America has annual anthologies, such as the Best American Short Stories, which regularly sell over 100,000 copies a year, as well as prizes for stories and workshops galore. Occasionally a collection strikes a cord and people buy it. Ethan Canin's The Emperor of Air was a bestseller, as was Lorrie Moore's Birds of America, while Jhumpa Lahiri's latest collection, "Unaccustomed Earth," which is tremendous, debuted on the "New York Times" list at number one (you can read an extract here).
Lahiri's phenomenal success in the form is still, of course, an aberration. In response to the publisher's question from the audience, Moore ultimately argued that Lahiri's book of stories was such a phenomenal success because the publisher believed in it (and because it's also a very good book).
Road Burn
May 28, 2008 May 28, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Keith Gessen, Susan Choi
Keith Gessen went on a book tour and all he got was a stupid feeling of uselessness. He writes in the Stranger:
What's the point of a book tour? Publishers don't believe in them anymore, and given the amount of money my publisher blew on my hotel rooms, I can see why. And airline travel, let's face it, is immoral. But there's still got to be something valuable about going out to face the people and reading to them directly from your book, taking their friendly questions (from the internet, you'd think I'd be confronted in every town by at least one screaming blogger; in fact, on the whole tour, not a single angry question)—something must happen to them from that. Or maybe only to you. That is, to me.
Which may explain why so much promotion of authors these days try to avoid all that travel. A story on Greatreporter.com covers some of those efforts—BookVideos, Titlepage, and 30-minute features produced by Powell's Books. As Susan Choi puts it, "I think a lot of us have that experience of stumping around the country trying to connect with our readers, but we can't be everywhere, and the people who read our books are scattered around."
May 27, 2008 May 27, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in F. Scott Fitzgerald, Haruki Murakami, J.D. Salinger, Raymond Chandler, Truman Capote
Haruki Murakami is a Japanese writer who's deeply influenced by American ones—it's telling that his upcoming memoir of distance running is titled What I Talk About When I Talk About Running. So it's not that surprising to hear that in recent years he's been translating a host of American classics, including The Great Gatsby, The Catcher in the Rye, The Long Goodbye, and Breakfast at Tiffany's. (Miss Brolly reports on stumbling over a copy of that last book.) Speaking with the Mainichi Daily News (which is apparently running a week's worth of interviews with the author), Murakami calls out Raymond Chandler for special attention:
"Chandler's writing style really grabbed me," he says. "There's something special about his writing. For years, I've always wondered what it was. Even after I'd translated him, though, I'm still wondering what it is that makes him special."
Murakami's strong interest in the secret behind that writing style was also evident in the long postscript he wrote for his translation of "The Long Goodbye." In the afterword, Murakami writes: "Chandler's creativity lies in the 'ego set like a black box.'"
If there's a listing somewhere in English of all the books that Murakami has translated, I can't find it. But a quick Google shows that his love for American pop culture is evident: He's translated a book on Pet Sounds and Mikal Gilmore's Shot to the Heart.
Roundup: Fighting Words
May 25, 2008 May 27, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Gore Vidal, John Irving, Ron Hansen
Among the many fine pieces in the new Bookforum—and as Wyatt Mason reminds us, there's still plenty of serious literary criticism being done—is an interview with Ron Hansen, who talks about (among other things) what drew him to writing about the West: "Part of it was that I thought the western seemed loaded with potential to tell us who we are now but had fallen on hard times with its melodrama and clichés of character and plot. I hoped to take the typical outlaw narratives as seriously as Shakespeare took Holinshed's Chronicles and to find in the West of the nineteenth century some genetic markers for our present condition."
If you're studying alcoholism in American literature, you have plenty to work with: The Amherst Bulletin reports on an upcoming UMass continuing-ed course featuring Robert Louis Stevenson, Dashiell Hammett, Ernest Hemingway, Richard Yates, and more. (via)
Oddest goodie-bag gift ever: To thank John Irving for showing up, the Guardian Hay festival is bringing in a Greco-Roman wrestling champ, so the novelist-wrestler could get in a workout.
The Independent sits down with Gore Vidal, still snippy about his reputation:
"Mailer once said that 'Vidal lacks the wound.' What do you think he was referring to: the fact that your grandfather was a senator? Your privileged upbringing?"
"Privileged? You mean more privileged than a fat boy from South Africa," Vidal snaps [Mailer's father was born in Cape Town] "with a doting mother?"
May 23, 2008 May 23, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in John Updike
Last night I attended a lecture at Washington, D.C.'s Warner Theatre by John Updike, who spoke on "The Clarity of Things: What Is American About American Art?" It was an interesting speech and a nice opportunity to revisit some Winslow Homer and Charles Sheeler pieces I admire, though it wasn't without its issues—more on that later today at Washington City Paper's staff blog. (Update: That post is now up.) The lecture was part of an annual series run by the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the latest issue of its magazine, Humanities, is largely dedicated to Updike. The hard copy of the magazine includes excerpts of his writing on art; online, there's an interview with NEH chairman Bruce Cole, and an appreciation by Adam Gopnik. I haven't kept up closely with Updike's recent work—In the Beauty of the Lilies made me feel like he had a weakened perspective on modern American life, Terrorist only bolstered that notion, and I've tried to avoid the rest lest I get more dispirited. But Gopnik gets at the talents that made Updike great—chiefly an ability to be so knowledgeable yet preserve a certain wide-eyed youthfulness. Gopnik writes:
Certainly, a note of almost religious happiness rises from his art writing. However much it may be frowned on by the pros for being insufficiently "serious" or "critical," i.e., contextual or historical, it has always seemed to this ex-pro truthful in its unashamed enthusiasms, the desire to match the artist evocation for evocation, representational trick for trick. (In the decade when I wrote about art for the New Yorker, supplying context and history up the reader's wazoo and beyond, Updike would emerge a couple of weeks later in the New York Review of Books with a few diffident and amateurish-seeming pages which always seemed, frustratingly, closer to the true mark, more infused with the artist's own ambitions and resonating with the real feel of the thing.)
"Gatekeeper": Not a Four-Letter Word
May 22, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Laura Miller, Louis Bayard
In Salon, Louis Bayard and Laura Miller stress out over the potential demise of the critic. This is insider baseball to be sure (and Bayard's a pal, though he didn't tip me to the piece), but I was happy to see something on the subject that doesn't simplistically frame the discussion as a journo-versus-blogger squabble. Using Ronan McDonald's new book, The Death of the Critic, as a launchpad, Bayard and Miller get into the roles of academia, the state of the reader, the state of the novel, (yes) the death rattle of newspaper book sections, and more. And I'm glad that Miller (who I briefly worked with ages ago on this project) is willing to plant her feet firmly and unapologetically respect the gatekeeping role of the journalist-critic:
I think of blogs not as alternatives to reviews or essays, but as a forum for short items, news and remarks, as well as links and responses to longer pieces posted on the sites that commission them. I could be wrong, though, as I'm not really a reader of blogs. I have a hard enough time keeping up with the book review sections of the New York and Los Angeles Times, the New Yorker, the New York Review of Books, Bookforum, the Atlantic, Harper's, TLS, the New Republic, etc., as well as the British newspapers like the Guardian and Independent, which I read online. Yet even in those publications I often find that the pieces I'm excited to be reading are the exception rather than the rule. I'm all for cultural gatekeepers because there's way more out there than I have time to read and it's not always easy to find the best of it.
The Goldberg Variation
May 21, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Myla Goldberg
I was asked recently what bookselling-industry tipsheet Shelf Awareness is. "It's a daily roundup of bookstore closings around the country," I said. These days anything that will help sell a book is worth trying, and though I suspect that pretty soon some ASCAP or BMI rep will arrive to suck all the fun out of this, I admire the efforts of the Booksmith in San Francisco to attach a mix-CD giveaway to a handful of its offerings. Among the selections are the Decemberists' "Myla Goldberg," Bruce Springsteen's "The Ghost of Tom Joad," and so on. ""I was inspired by the song Wuthering Heights by Kate Bush," Martha Petit, the staffer who assembled the disc, tells LitMinds. "Todd (also a Booksmith staffer) and I were discussing what a great song it is and I relayed the story of a friend who also loved the song but had no clue that it was a reference to Emile Bronte's novel." (via Book Patrol)
A Royalty Pain
May 20, 2008 May 20, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in John Barth
A Persian translation of John Barth's first novel, The Floating Opera, recently won a literary prize in Iran. According to a story published on the Tehran Times Web site, Barth would've been happier about the award if he had approved the publication of the translation:
In a letter to the Qoqnus publishing company, American novelist John Barth has asked Iranian publishers to publish the copyrighted books only with the permission of the copyright owners.
However, he stated that it is a great pleasure for an author to see that his books are translated into other languages and published in other countries and that he feels honored by the recent publication of his 50-year-old novel in Iran.
John Barth was not the first writer who objected to the unauthorized publication of his book in Iran, [Qognus managing director Amir] Hosseinzadegan added.
He explained that many foreign publishers do not sign agreements with Iranian publishing companies and many of them who sign agreements are not satisfied with their royalties since book prices are much lower in Iran compared to Western countries.
My ability to understand and navigate Iranian bookselling sites is limited, but Barth's novel doesn't appear to be available on the Qognus pages of this site.
Broken-Down Town
May 19, 2008 by Mark Athitakis, posted in Saul Bellow
Myron Magnet's essay on Saul Bellow's 1970 novel, Mr. Sammler's Planet, is largely intended to bolster the case post-Giuliani crime reforms in New York—the piece appears in City Journal, published the conservative Manhattan Institute. Setting politics aside, though, the piece works well as a glimpse into how Bellow provoked arguments about class, race, and city life:
The novel's personification of all that crime is a tall, powerfully built thief whom Sammler sees several times working the Riverside Drive bus, a dandified black man sporting a camel's-hair coat, homburg, and Dior sunglasses. Sammler, slightly taller, can watch him over the heads of the other standees as he skillfully snaps open the handbags and methodically empties the purses of his unaware victims. One day, shielded from the other passengers by his broad, well-tailored back, the thief robs a weak old man with red-lidded eyes of "sea-mucus blue," cowering in the bus's back corner, his "false teeth dropping from his upper gums" in his terror. The thief pulls open the man's jacket with its ragged lining, takes out his plastic wallet, and methodically rifles through the contents, pocketing the money and the Social Security check, while dropping the family photos like so much trash. Then, in a gesture of ironic contempt, he jerks the knot of the old man's tie "approximately, but only approximately, into place."


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Народное национальное движение (; ННД) — политическая партия в Тринидаде и Тобаго, одна из двух основных партий страны. Основанная в 1956 году, это старейшая действующая партия Тринидада и Тобаго. Начиная с выборов 1956 года ННД была либо правящей партией, либо официальной оппозицией. Четыре премьер-министра страны были представителями ННД. Партия придерживается принципов либерализма и в основном определяется как центристская либо лево-центристская в политическом спектре.

История
Партия была основана в 1955 году Эриком Уильямсом, который был вдохновлён левоцентристской Народной национальной партией Нормана Мэнли на Ямайке. Народное национальное движение победило на выборах 1956 года и продолжала удерживать власть в течение 30 лет. После смерти Уильямса в 1981 году партию возглавил Джордж Чемберс. На выборах 1986 года ННД было разгромлено Национальному альянсу за восстановление, получив лишь 3 из 33 депутатов. Под руководством Патрика Мэннинга партия вернулась к власти в 1991 году после попытки государственного переворота со стороны Джамаата аль-Муслимин в 1990 году, но в 1995 году вновь потеряла власть, уступив Объединённому национальному конгрессу. ННД снова уступило Объединённому национальному конгрессу на всеобщих выборах 2000 года, но раскол в ОНК привёл к новым выборам в 2001 году. Выборы 2001 года привели к равному 18-18 распределению мест между ННД и ОНК, и президент Артур Н. Р. Робинсон назначил Мэннинга премьер-министром. Мэннинг не смог избрать спикера Палаты представителей, но получил абсолютное большинство на новых выборах, проведённых в 2002 году и ещё раз в 2007 году, до потери власти в 2010 году. ННД вернулось к власти после выборов 2015 года под руководством Кита Роули, получив 51,7 % голосов избирателей и 23 из 41 мест, лучший результат, начиная с 1981 года

Участие в парламентских выборах

Примечания

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт

Политические партии Тринидада и Тобаго
Либеральные партии


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Q: Are there javadoc-like tools to generate RESTful web service apidoc from JAX-RS annotations? I'm developing a web service with CXF by using JAX-RS annotations on resources. These annotations specify arguments names, default values, and the valid input and output mime types.
It'd be nice to be able to run a javadoc-esque tool on my code to generate a concise set of documentation of this interface, but I cannot seem to find anything.
The docs produced by javadoc itself would require too much trimming down, I really want something that understands the semantics of the JAX-RS annotations and generates something friendly to the devs who want to use my service.

A: If you are building Restful webservices, the documentation is known as WADL. WADL is basically Rest's version of WSDL. I use Jersey to build my Restful web services. Jersey automatically creates the WADL based on the annotations you have in your resources package. Here's how the sample WADL looks like from Jersey's website:
https://java.net/projects/jersey/sources/svn/show/trunk/jersey/samples/generate-wadl
The best part of this is you do absolutely nothing. :) When you change the URI or parameters annotation in your Resource classes, they will be automatically reflected in this documentation.
TADAA! :)

A: Take a look at Enunciate. There's a Maven plugin that will generate docs included in the site.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


There's no one quite like Teepa.
On Monday, January 29th, more than 200 families came to Alzheimer's San Diego for the rare opportunity to attend a workshop with renowned dementia educator Teepa Snow. It's not easy to live with or care for someone with dementia, and Teepa didn't shy away from those tough truths. Instead, she explained how the brain is changed by the disease, gave practical examples and challenged people to look at things a little differently.
The key takeaways centered around Teepa's Positive Approach® to Care, and seeing daily challenges from the person with dementia's point of view. For example – a common brain change caused by dementia is a narrower field of vision. Teepa explained how approaching someone with the disease from the side could be a scary experience for them, and offered suggestions on how to safely and comfortably enter someone's personal space. Another common brain change results in walking with more weight on the balls of the feet, causing unsteadiness and falls. Caregivers can join the person with dementia in a supportive stance and use rhythm while they walk to help keep them balanced and moving forward.
She demonstrated this using her hand-under-hand method. In addition to supporting someone while walking together, this method can be utilized to help someone with dementia complete everyday activities like eating, brushing their teeth and more. Rather than try to come at someone with a toothbrush or forkful of food, she recommended caregivers put the tool in the hand of the person living with dementia, and then use their own hand to help guide it. From there, muscle memory can make the process easier.
Teepa also discussed best practices for communicating with people with dementia: keep information short and sweet, offer concrete choices and break down tasks into simple, single steps at a time. Another tactic is to use visual cues combined with verbal asks, such as gesturing and pointing, to get the message across. Finally, she emphasized that care partners need to understand that the disease – not the person – is responsible for changes in behavior and abilities, and they shouldn't react to symptoms with fear or frustration.
Are you caring for someone with dementia? Do you need some support? Give us a call at 858.492.4400 to speak with one of our dementia experts. We're here to help!


Pros Just like all Brenthaven products the construction is second to none as is the organizational features. Great size with attention to details. Superb protection for laptop.
Cons Hmmmm. That damn mobile phone thing again (maybe if I martyr myself). Super corporate color scheme (Black. Black. Trimmed in black.).
If you read the review of the Titanium-1 then you will notice that this is the same way that review started off. Essentially the Titanium-2 is the backpack version of it's sibling the Titanium-1 and as a result of this "kinsmanship" allot of the great features of the Ti-1 show up in the Ti-2. Also, if I get a little giddy during this review it's because I just saw the web broadcast of Steve Jobs' Keynote. How about that iMac? Or 14" iBook? Is it hot in here?
Anyway, the Ti-2 is constructed much like the Ti-1. Same material, same stitching (as far as I can tell) same thoughtfulness in design. It has great storage facilities with compartments and pockets tucked here and there. Heck I had been using this backpack for about three days and actually discovered a new compartment. One that I was really glad of since it became my cable storage place.
The main laptop area has a vertical version of Brenthaven's Powerbook sleeve, an accordion style file/paper area right in front of the laptop, and pockets for batteries, CD-ROMs, etc. against the front wall of this compartment. I really found the accordion style file/paper area to be very convenient to put magazines, note pads, etc. I also carried my digital camera here.
In front of the laptop compartment is a small zippered compartment that could be used to store a CD/MD player, a PDA ( I lost my Visor Deluxe so I didn't get a chance to test with a PDA. Any donations or trades out there?), iPod etc. Keep in mind though there is no headphone port. Brenthaven. Are you listening? How about a headphone port? C'mon, it's just a hole.
Hey, I just discovered another compartment! It snaps closed and is right in front of the above mentioned zippered compartment. Very cool. I've been using this backpack for a week. See what I mean. Anyway, in front of this is where pens, business cards, my Swiss Army Multi-tool, mobile phone, etc. go. There is a key clip here and the compartment zippers almost completely down for easy access.
There is also a "hidden" zippered space, albeit small, in front of this. On the bottom is yet another storage "bin" that could hold...well, I don't know, something. On the sides of the Ti-2 are small open pockets but I can't really see what these are for. A water bottle won't fit, I wouldn't't want to put my mobile phone there (too easily swiped from the back), so I don't know. They look kinda' cool.
One thing I REALLY like about this backpack is that it stands on it's own. I mean literally. Like a little soldier.You set it down and it doesn't flop over. Nice touch. Always at attention.
Brenthaven has succeeded in making a backpack that should give the Spire Icon a run for it's money. I really love the Icon but I gotta say the Ti-2 is extremely well designed and has more storage. It is a tad bit larger but nothing that should overwhelm the back muscles. I do, however like the sleeve that comes with the Icon. As I have said, it is one of the best I have seen. It does not offer all the protection of the Brenthaven, but inside a well designed backpack, I'm not sure it needs to. I like the Icon sleeve because of it's slimness. Is adds only a small bit of depth and width to the Ti:G4.
I wish Brenthaven would add some color accents to their products. That all black color scheme must be a corporate mandate.
This Ti-2 is an awesome backpack and worth every penny of it's price. It is so well done that I'm keeping mine. Hear that Brenthaven? Your gonna have to come and get it.


India has produced ample of talents and stellar performers, in every field. One of the most unforgettable talent among them, is and always will be the veteran actor, Om Puri. Unfortunately, with the dawn of this year, we lost him. The versatile actor, who made his presence felt in the Indian film Industry died of a massive heart attack. Even if the actor has now left for his heavenly abode, he will be always remembered, for his class performances.
And the least we could do to honour this gem of an actor, the late Mr. Om Puri, is to post 10 of his best movie dialogues which had a huge impact on the audience.
4. If you have faith on yourself then friendship will bring success. And if you have doubt on you then it may ruin too.
Sir, you'll always be in our hearts!!