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Current info for Graduate Students about electronic theses and dissertations.
Welcome to the ETD Guide. Here you will find a wealth of information, including how to create, format and submit your ETD to the Graduate School for approval and to the Library for digital archiving; locating ETDs, ETD awards, and more.


the rudder work to make a plane gorgeous woman or climb. loop or glide, roll or rewrite. Once you have appreciated these principles of airline flight, you will end up ready to take off with varieties of your own.
Perhaps you have flown a paper aeroplane? Sometimes it twists and loops through the air and then comes to red, smooth as a feather. Additional times a paper be airborne climbs straight up, flips over, and dives headfirst into the ground. What keeps a paper aeroplane in the air? How can Origami Box Step By Step you make a paper aeroplane go on a long flight) How can you ensure it is loop or turn! Does flying a paper aeroplane on a turbulent day help it to stay aloft? What can you learn about real aeroplanes by making and flying paper aeroplanes? Why don't experiment to find out some of the answers.
the smooth sheet from falling quickly? We live with air all around us. Our planet planet is between a level of air called the atmosphere. The atmosphere expands hundreds of miles above the surface of the planet.
Air is a real substance even though you can't see it. A flat sheet of paper falling downwards pushes against the air in the path. The air forces back contrary to the paper and slows its fall. A crumpled document has a smaller surface pushing against the air. The air doesn't push back as strongly much like the toned piece, and the golf ball of paper falls faster. The spread-out wings of Origami Owl Locket a paper aeroplane keep it from falling quickly down to the ground. We say the wings give a plane lift.
Here is how you can see and feel what happens when air pushes. Place a sheet of paper flat against the palm of your upturned hands. Turn your hand over and push down quickly. You can have the air pressing against the paper. The paper stays in place against your hands. You can see the paper's edges pushed back by the air. Now hold a piece of crumpled paper in your palm. Again turn your odds over and push down. Small surface of the paper hits less air. You Origami Instructions Box feel less of a push against your odds. Except if you push down in a short time, the paper will fall to the ground before your odds reaches the ground.
You want a papers aeroplane to do more than just fall slowly through the air. You want it to move forward. You make a document aeroplane move forward by throwing it. Usually the harder you throw a paper aeroplane the farther it will fly. Typically the forward movement of your rudder is called thrust Drive helps to give an aeroplane lift. Here's how. Hold one end of a sheet of papers and move it quickly through air. The smooth Bateau De Papier Origami sheet hits against the air in its way. The air pushes up the free part of the moving paper. A new paper aeroplane must move through the air so that it can stay upward for longer flights.
Try out moving the paper gradually through the air. Really does the air push upwards the slowmoving paper as much as before? What do you think happens when a paper rudder stops moving forward through the air? You can show that the same thing will happen if you run with a kite up. The air pushes against the tilted underside of the moving kite and lifts it up. What happens to the Pliage Bateau En Papier Video lift pushing up on the kite if you walk gradually rather than run?
The front edges of the wings of the real be airborne are usually tilted slightly upwards. As with a kite, the air pushes against the tilted underside of the wings, giving the airplane lift. The greater the angle of the lean the more wing surface the air pushes against. This results in a greater amount of lift. But if the angle of the tilt is simply too great, the air pushes from the greater wing surface presented and slows down the forwards movement of the airplane. This really is called drag.
Drag works to slow a airplane Avion En Papier Qui Vole Le Mieux Au Monde down, as thrust works to ensure it is move ahead. At the same time, lift functions make a plane go up, as gravity tries to make it fall down. These four forces are usually working on paper aeroplanes in the same way they work on real aeroplanes. There is still another way most real aeroplanes and some paper aeroplanes use their wings to increase lift. The top-side as well as the bottom part side of the side can help to give the plane lift.


TransLink appears poised to finally live up to the scenario first imagined 16-years ago of providing San Francisco Bay transit riders one card that would be good on all 24 agencies serving the area.
The one card is now operational at five of the area's transit systems, two which handle 75% of the daily ridership. That would include San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, known simply as Muni, and Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), as well as three smaller agencies, AC Transit (Alameda-Contra Costa), Caltrain and Golden Gate Transit.
The only exception to that list are San Francisco's famed cable cars operated by Muni, which have not yet been outfitted with readers, says Jake Avidon, TransLink senior program coordinator for the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Oakland, Calif.
Together these five systems represent 80% to 85 % of Bay Area transit riders, says Avidon.
What makes BART so critical to TransLink's success is that many of BART's routes overlay transit routes of other agencies, which means many users ride one vehicle from another agency, then have to transfer to the BART system, says Avidon.
In August BART launched what it called a "limited rollout" of the TransLink card on its transit system. About 1,000 users of EZ Rider–BART's contactless fare card–were invited to participate. Limited or not, according to BART, anyone can order and use a TransLink card during this pilot phase as long as it's loaded with sufficient e-cash. BART also suggested that passengers should bring, as backup, other means of payment such as BART's EZ Rider card, a preloaded contactless ticket, or cash.
When it announced the TransLink soft launch, BART stated that it intends to phase out EZ Rider by September 2010. However, BART will continue to enable customers to pay for parking with EZ Rider until TransLink makes the jump into that area. Initial plans call for the TransLink card to be usable in five parking garages, all run by Muni, next year, says Avidon.
Even with the two biggest operators online, riders haven't yet made a massive leap to the new card. TransLink's August figures show an average 37,000 daily riders, a long way from the 700,000 riders TransLink expects to eventually serve.
"Even though the system is up and running, the agencies are soft launching. They're not yet marketing the program to the public in an aggressive manner," explains Avidon.
TransLink is funded by MTC, the transportation planning, coordinating and financing agency for the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area. TransLink itself is managed by a consortium of most of the agencies in the Bay area and MTC. The six major ones plus a couple of others get a vote, says Avidon. MTC is overseeing implementation of TransLink, he says.
Returning to the proverbial drawing board, TransLink then looked at smart cards, says Avidon. A contract was signed in the mid-90s with Australian transit operator ERG, now Vix ERG. "We turned on that pilot in February 2002 and ran it for a couple years before the concept was approved and we then moved forward with a full rollout," says Avidon. In the meantime, ERG's U.S. assets were purchased earlier this year by Cubic, San Diego, Calif., which inherited many ERG projects including TransLink.
The other holdup has been money. What was expected to cost just $4 million back in 1993 is now forecast in TransLink's 25-year capital and operations budget to total about $338 million.
The card comes with an optional auto load feature that is topped up when it drops below a certain balance. "You can also add value over the phone or at the Web site on a one-time basis or at vending machines or one of the retailers in the TransLink network," he says. There are 200 locations, but Avidon says that will eventually grow to 400.
The card has contact and contactless chips so it can work with legacy systems, but it will be shifting to contactless only in the next year, says Avidon. In fact the only way to add value right now is with the contact portion of the card, he says. Translink will be swapping out hardware so the contactless portion of the chip can be used to add value.
The first batch of the TransLink cards, about 182,000, were supplied by French smart card provider ASK. The next order will be for 650,000 cards with delivery expected in early 2010. A supplier for that order hasn't been chosen yet, says Avidon.
Technology is moving fast and other transit bodies, including MTA in New York, BART and Utah, have explored other payment methods including allowing riders to use a contactless credit cards and NFC-compliant phones.
Today it seems the focuses is on growth as more agencies are expected to begin accepting TransLink cards throughout 2010 and into 2011.
Caltrain was the latest agency to sign on, joining the system in August, says Avidon. The next two agencies expected to come online are SamTrans (San Mateo County Transit District) and Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. After those two, the system is planned to expand to an additional 19 smaller transit bodies in nine counties," says Avidon.
Note: Paratransit figures not included in any of these totals.


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US Based Nigerian Nurse Charged in Scalding Death of Special-needs Toddler after Submerging her in 130-degree Water for 30 Seconds!


Rangers on the trail, a photo by The Bacher Family on Flickr.
On any given day at Mount Rainier National Park, there's an impressive chance that you might cross paths (so to speak) with one of our park rangers working with a school group. In many cases -- like this one -- this may be the very first time the kids have visited a National Park, and the experience we provide for them is an important first step toward their decision to be environmentally aware citizens and even, perhaps, park rangers themselves!
This photo is on the Myrtle Falls section of the Skyline Trail. I love the fall colors just beginning to appear, the detail visible in the mountain, and the trail leading the eye into the distance.


text:
GovernmentBusinessAutonomous
David Elfin | Staff Reporter
October 14, 2015 5:27 PM, EDT
California Pay-By-Mile Program Will Include Trucks
California officials said they still are seeking volunteers, including truckers, to participate in a pay-by-mile test program scheduled to begin in July.
"Trucks put so many miles on our roads that we thought it was important for them to be included in our pilot program," said Carrie Pourvahidi, manager for the Road Charge Program, which is being jointly administered by the California State Transportation Agency and the California Transportation Commission.
California's Legislature created the Road Charge Technical Advisory Committee in 2014 because the state's fuel tax — consisting of a basic 18-cent charge and an excise levy that is 12 cents now but varies annually — wasn't generating enough revenue to maintain its 50,000 miles of roads. With the uncertainty surrounding federal funding, many states, including California, are considering new ways to generate additional revenue.
The pay-by-mile program will incorporate input from the California Trucking Association. The program is similar to an experiment taking place in Oregon, but that one does not include trucks.
The California group was scheduled to release a draft report on its plan after this edition of Transport Topics went to press. A full report is due at the end of the year, and the program's findings must be reported to the Legislature by July 2017.
Eric Sauer, vice president of policy and government relations for CTA, is among 15 committee members who are developing the pilot's parameters.
"CTA wanted to make sure that we had a seat at the table," said Sauer, who noted that a minimum of 50 trucks will participate. The program will be geographically balanced among California's metropolitan and rural areas.
California is seeking 5,000 volunteers willing to have their miles driven recorded for various time periods from July until the program ends nine months later. Information on how to volunteer can be found here.
"Our hope is that the program will give us the information to determine whether a road charge is a viable revenue source," Pourvahidi said.
FMCSA Proposes Two-Year Delay of Entry-Level Driver Training Rule Due to IT Glitches
Economist Noel Perry Warns of More Shutdowns After LME Padlocks Doors
FMCSA Imposes Lifetime Ban on Truckers Convicted of Human Trafficking
Minnesota Carrier LME Abruptly Closes Doors
entry-level driver training
student drivers CDL
@TransportTopics
.@Boeing also raised its estimate of Max production costs by $1.7 billion because output will be curtailed longer t… https://t.co/YocOSy3jgv
Will electric technology attract new technicians? https://t.co/DSDklnqMdE

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The reason why I have been asked to say something today, VE Day, is that I am ancient enough to have fought in the last war. In fact, there is a sense in which I am old enough to remember the First World War too, for I was born in 1914 as it began, and this is not as irrelevant as it might seem; for as a child I grew up in a world shaped and formed by reminders of the horrors and the tragedies, which that war had wrought in the lives of my elders and betters. Many people of my father's generation had been killed or gassed or maimed in one way or another. At school, a man named Campbell, who taught me French, told us all stories at lunch about the war in the trenches; another named Wilson, who taught me maths and looked about sixty, but was probably twenty-five, had been shell-shocked and was deaf as a result; while Mr Blakeney, who strove to teach me the rudiments of Greek and Latin, had lost a leg. We didn't like him much, and put a drawing pin on his chair in the hope that he would give a little yelp when we sat on it; but to our dismay he did no such thing. later, we discovered that the drawing pin had been bent flat, and we were all convinced that he had a tin bottom as well as a false leg; though a cigarette case in his back pocket is a more likely explanation.
But enough of the First World War and my childhood! The point of mentioning it at all is that people of my generation - all those who later fought in the Second World War - were brought up under the shadow of the First and in horror of it as utterly evil; and it was - tragic and desperately evil - for it was the suicide of Christian Europe. The sight of priests and padres, bishops and holy fathers blessing the men of all the great Christian nations - England, France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Italy, the United States - as they set out to kill each other, and praying for the deaths of those on the other side, sickened every thinking man (and most unthinking ones too), who recognized hypocrisy when they saw it. So my contemporaries and I grew up in an age when the idea of a loving god seemed to have been disproved by events; if there was a God at all, he didn't seem to care what his so-called children did to each other on earth; and as for the Church, all it seemed capable of doing was talking sentimental rubbish about gentle Jesus meek and mild and his loving Daddy up aloft, while I and my fellow teenagers surveyed the world in which we had been brought up, and found it to be a wilderness littered with ten million corpses.
As a result we grew up in something like a vacuum of conventional faith; but if we found God difficult to take, at least we were still proud that our fathers had won the war, proud to be English, and happy to live in a country physically unravaged by the war, where many of the old Christian values were still honoured - love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, temperance, and the like - even if they were not always practised and the faith upon which they rested had been largely abandoned. But - and this is the point I want to make - if it was bad for us, it was infinitely worse for my generation in Germany; for not only their religious beliefs, but also their pride in being German, their hopes, and everything their parents had held sacred had been destroyed in the war. their country was occupied by their enemies, who took every opportunity to show their hatred and contempt; they were bankrupt, hungry, humiliated, and there were ten million people unemployed. If nature abhors a vacuum, mankind abhors a total absence of hope, and this did not go unnoticed in the rubble of post-war Germany.
Satan, we are told, was a fallen angel. I don't know much about Satan, but if there is such a creature, he is at his most lethal, when he masquerades as a Saviour - his favourite disguise - and he has never been more deadly than when he turned up in Germany shortly after the First War with a small moustache and wearing a light brown uniform preaching a new kind of salvation. Satan or no Satan, no-one who lived through the twenties and thirties of this century can doubt the reality and the power of evil. It is as infectious as bubonic plague or killer 'flu', and it swept through Germany in the Hitler years like some mortal disease. Probably the most terrifying experience of my life was watching the speed with which the people of one of the most civilized and cultured nations of Europe fell victim to Hitler's gospel of racial superiority and hatred. He ousted Christ from His throne in the hearts of millions of ordinary, decent Germans with ruthless efficiency and astonishing speed, claiming their faith, their worship, and their absolute obedience for himself, as if he were a god, loading their sense of guilt for starting the war and their failure to win it on to the Jews, and filling his disciples with a demonic energy in the process.
They were the herrenvolk, master race, whom the old Aryan gods of blood and war would lead to victory over lesser breeds like the Slavs and sub-humans like the Jews. The Christian virtues of humility, gentleness, and mercy were disgusting, unmanly, and unfit for a noble Aryan race. Courage in war, slaughtering your enemies, and enslaving the weak were honoured as the greatest of virtues. Poland and Russia were invaded, untold millions of civilians were hanged or shot, their villages burnt, while the gas chambers were built to dispose of such human filth as the mentally sick, the physically disabled and deformed, gypsies, and Jews. That was the evil, which was defeated fifty years ago today.
It was defeated at enormous cost by the courage and sacrifice of many people: Russians, French Resistance, Poles, Americans, Greek partisans, British, New Zealanders, Australians, Gurkhas, and many more. I can't do them all justice here. Instead, I will finish by recalling briefly one moment when, by every ordinary military standard, Germany had won the war. Poland had been defeated, Russia had made an alliance with Hitler, America was neutral, France had capitulated, the British army had been broken in France, while the remnant of it which was snatched from the beaches of Dunkirk was demoralised and armed with little more than out-of-date rifles and walking sticks. In fact, Hitler had won. But a stubborn refusal to admit defeat possessed this nation, and together with the English Channel and the Royal Navy, it cheated Hitler of his victory. Nor was that all, for everyone was possessed, too, not so much by a determination to refuse to admit defeat - we knew that we had suffered a defeat - as by a determination not to succumb to evil. We were not a church-going nation; belief in God had not recovered from the damage done to it by the horrors of the last war; and although we all sang the National Anthem every now and again, no-one seriously expected God to save the King any more than he might save anyone else - if he existed at all. But, as I have said, we still tried to honour such Christian virtues as love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, and the like and were prepared to defend them; and when you remember such a saying as "Not everyone who says to me Lord, Lord, shall enter into the Kingdom…but he who does the will of my Father", perhaps that was enough. We could never have won the war on our own. But the world could not have won it, if we had succumbed in 1940. And that is something of which we can all be both justly proud and deeply thankful today on VE Day.
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text: Q: Simple rectifier, solar to 18v ac Would it be possible to charge a Ring video door bell from solar power, but using the doorbells external pins for the wiring of a 8 to 24v ac transformer. Say using a 12v solar panel, would regulation be necessary or can a simple circuit handle the swing in voltage from the panel? Would a simple circuit be economically comparable to a H-bridge as a possible prebuilt solution? What would an example of such a circuit look like?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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ElectroCraft today announced the release of the new ElectroCraft AxialPowerTM Plus Size 11, a Linear Actuator and Leadscrew Stepper Motor that provides exceptional performance in a small package. The ElectroCraft AxialPowerTM Plus Size 11 allows for considerable cost improvements over previous designs and is ideal for use in a wide variety of applications and industries (medical equipment, robotics, semiconductor, etc). The new product is available immediately for global delivery.
"These Linear Motors expand the product offering from ElectroCraft in a continuing effort to reduce the package size allowing engineers to match performance requirements of a linear stepper motor product to their continuously shrinking application envelope," said Rob Kerber, Vice President of Marketing at ElectroCraft. "Engineers building smaller devices but are not able to give up on performance should consider the size 11 Linear Actuator and Leadscrew motors, along with the rest of the ElectroCraft AxialPowerTM Plus motor family. In addition, the ElectroCraft new size 11 linear motors are being added to the ElectroCraft GoFigure Motor Program, allowing customers to select from a variety of pre-engineered motor options and configurations to reduce the development cycle and improve their machine time-to-market. The web-based motor configuration tool can be found at www.gofigureamotor.com or www.electrocraft.com. As part of their robust design, the ElectroCraft AxialPowerTM Plus Size 11 also delivers: • Exceptional axial force and speed • Precise linear resolution • High efficiency • Wide performance range • Various stack lengths and winding options to accommodate specific performance requirements About ElectroCraft ElectroCraft, Inc. is a global provider of fractional-horsepower motor and motion control solutions for both industrial and commercial applications. The company specializes in dependable, application-engineered specialty products by utilizing its Lean business philosophy to consistently meet the needs of its customers worldwide. The company's products are found in pumps, office equipment, medical devices, aircraft and thousands of other applications. ElectroCraft is headquartered in Dover, New Hampshire with operations in the United States, Europe, and Asia.


text:
Florida Weather Watch
By John Nelander
Category: Tropical weather
Hot topic: 2020 had near-record warmth worldwide
(Image credit: NOAA)
Last year tied 2016 for the warmest on record since such records began in 1880, according to NASA. Separately, NOAA said 2020 was the second-warmest on the books, coming in just behind 2016.
The seven year period from 2014 to 2020 were the warmest seven consecutive years in the record books, an analysis echoed by a recent report from the National Weather Service in Melbourne announcing that "pronounced warmer than normal conditions have largely continued to dominate the weather pattern across the region since 2015 . . . ."
Annual temperatures since 2015 have been within the top five warmest for East-Central Florida.
NEW ENSO FORECAST: La Niña conditions are pretty much a lock (95 percent) in the tropical Pacific through the rest of the winter and into spring, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center said Thursday. But after March, forecasters expect a transition to ENSO neutral conditions through June.
CPC forecasters say the La Niña influence will likely be reflected in the new three-month outlook to be issued next Thursday. La Niña generally means warm and dry weather for Florida, but that hasn't been the case so far this winter. Although it has been dry, December had below normal temperatures across the state and after this weekend's chilly temps, January overall temperatures will slide into negative territory as well.
As for the upcoming hurricane season, a fading La Niña may help keep storm numbers from soaring like they did in 2020. Very long-range forecasts issued last December favored another above-average year in the Atlantic, but we'll have a little better idea when the April forecasts come out.
Ideally, if we transitioned to an El Niño in fall we could see a dramatic decrease in the number of storms, since those conditions — warmer than normal waters in the tropical Pacific — tends to increase wind shear in the tropical Atlantic.
TEMP TURN AROUND: The normal high in West Palm Beach ticks up a degree — from 74 to 75 — on Monday. The average high as has been on a downward slide since August 8. Miami and Fort Lauderdale's high rises from 76 to 77 a week from Saturday.
Author jnelanderPosted on January 15, 2021 January 15, 2021 Categories Climate change, La Niña and El Niño, Long-range forecasts, Tropical weatherLeave a comment on Hot topic: 2020 had near-record warmth worldwide
Sunday wind chills in 40s for South Florida; new hurricane forecasting tool shot down
ANOTHER WINTRY WEEKEND — by Florida standards, that is. The coldest temps will be Sunday morning, when a light freeze is predicted for North Florida and wind chills in the 40s all the way down into South Florida. (Image credits: NWS-Miami, top; NWS-Jacksonville, below)
HURRICANE FORECASTING SETBACK: Funding for a new type of radar called airborne phased-array radar, or APAR, which could have helped spot hurricanes about to rapidly intensify, was scrapped by the National Science Foundation, The Washington Post reported Thursday.
The $70 million project failed to win approval because of "flaws" in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) proposal, the Post said. NOAA had been expected to partner with NCAR for the building of the of radar, built into hurricane hunter aircraft that investigate storms.
But NOAA officials said the proposal failed to justify the $70 million cost over five years.
The newspaper said NCAR director Everette Joseph — who is a "leading candidate" to head NOAA under the upcoming Biden Administration — plans to resubmit the proposal.
"Although NOAA can still make use of the radar development work carried out to date, NCAR's failure to receive this program funding will, at the very least, delay the progress of what is considered a game-changing technology for storm research, monitoring and forecasting," writes Jason Samenow of the Post's Capital Weather Gang.
Data collected by the new radar was expected to be fed into existing computer forecast models, providing a big boost to intensity, as well as track forecasts.
Rapidly intensifying storms have become more common during the hurricane season as oceans warm. Several hurricanes during the blockbuster 2020 hurricane season underwent rapid intensification as they neared land, making them even more dangerous for coastal residents.
Author jnelanderPosted on January 8, 2021 January 8, 2021 Categories Climate change, Cold fronts, Tropical weather, Weather business, Winter weatherLeave a comment on Sunday wind chills in 40s for South Florida; new hurricane forecasting tool shot down
Record breaking warmth has dominated much of Florida since 2015, Weather Service says
What's happening to the climate in Florida? It definitely hasn't been business as usual, the National Weather Service said in an eye-opening new report published on Saturday by forecasters in Melbourne.
"The annual weather summaries for east central Florida over the past several years have ended up sounding like a broken record, especially in terms of temperatures," meteorologist Derrick Weitlich said. "Pronounced warmer than normal conditions have largely continued to dominate the weather pattern across the region since 2015, with annual average temperatures from that year onward for many sites ranking in the top 5 warmest."
The NWS in Miami said Saturday that all four major observation sites in South Florida — Miami, Fort Lauderdale, West Palm Beach and Naples — had their warmest year on record in 2020.
Melbourne reports that in East-Central Florida, Leesburg and Sanford tied for their warmest year on record with the note that, "if not for the colder than normal weather that moved into the region in December, it likely would have been the warmest year on record for the majority of climate sites" across the area.
December came in 2-3 degrees below average from Daytona Beach down to Stuart, including Orlando — something that has not occurred in East-Central Florida since March of 2018.
"It is also interesting to note that while it was cold in December, no freezing temperatures occurred at the primary climate
sites, continuing a long stretch of temperatures remaining above 32 degrees since January of 2018 . . . Outside of December, all other months and seasons during 2020 had average temperatures that were either near or above normal, with many ranking within the top 10 warmest."
Orlando posted 10 high temperature records in 2020, with zero low temperature records. The city had one record cool high temperature — but a whopping 43 warm minimum temperature records. Orlando also had 177 days last year in which the low was at least 70 degrees or warmer, the highest number for any year on record. Notably, the previous record — 171 days — was sset in 2019.
The number of days when the temperature didn't dip below 70 also set records in Leesburg (172); Sanford (165); and Vero Beach (204). All these cities beat records set in 2019. One exception: Fort Pierce, with 201 days over 70 degrees, remained in second place behind 1929, which had 207.
The NWS Miami office reported last week that areas of East-Central Broward County had rainfall totals in excess of 100 inches in 2020. Thanks to some wet tropical storms during the blockbuster hurricane season, 70-90 inches of rain hammered the Treasure Coast.
"There were even some localized spots in the Stuart and Hobe Sound area that reached up to 95 to 100 inches in 2020," Weitlich said. "Fort Pierce and Stuart both had annual precipitation totals that ranked as 4th wettest on record for each site. In contrast there were some spots that ended drier than normal, such as Leesburg and Sanford airports that had totals that were 11 to 12 inches below normal for the year."
Access the full report by clicking here.
West-Central Florida, also despite a cooler than normal December, ended 2020 with "all sites likely ending up with a Top Ten Warmest year," the National Weather Service in Tampa reported.
Author jnelanderPosted on January 3, 2021 January 3, 2021 Categories Climate change, Excessive heat, Record setting weather, Tropical weather, Year-end wrap-upsLeave a comment on Record breaking warmth has dominated much of Florida since 2015, Weather Service says
Forecasters see another busy hurricane season next year
Another nice beach day is on tap for the Florida peninsula. A weak cold front is expected to move through but stall out and then dissipate near South Florida. A stronger front late in the week may knock temperatures down a bit and bring drier air. (Image credit: NWS-Melbourne)
If you figured we were due for a quiet hurricane season in 2021 after this year's record-busting storm totals, think again. An analysis by Colorado State University speculates that next year could once again be a busy one.
The December analysis, which does not include a forecast for a specific number of storms, nevertheless calls for a 60 percent chance for another above normal season, with anywhere between 12-17 named storms, six to 11 hurricanes and two to five majors.
There are two big factors that the forecasters — Philip Klotzbach, Michael Bell, and Jhordanne Jones — look at when issuing these December "quantitative" analyses. They are water temperatures in the tropical Pacific that determine whether La Niña, El Niño or neutral conditions are in control; and water temperatures in the tropical Atlantic, controlled in part by the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation
The Pacific is currently in a La Niña phase — abnormally cool tropical waters — which helped power this year's hyper-active hurricane season. El Niño, above normal Pacific water temps, generally tamp down developing storms in the Atlantic because it results in higher wind shear.
But a transition to El Niño next summer seems unlikely, the CSU team said.
"Of the ten previous moderate to strong La Niña events, only one transitioned to El Niño five were neutral ENSO while the remaining four were La Niña," they said. "There is considerable uncertainty at this point what ENSO will look like by the peak of next hurricane season from August-October, but at this point given model forecasts as well as statistical analyses, it appears extremely unlikely that El Niño would develop before next summer."
As for Atlantic water temperatures controlled by the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation (AMO), Klotzbach and crew noted: "We had three quiet Atlantic hurricane seasons in a row which led us to question whether we had moved out of the active era that began in 1995. However, the Atlantic has since had five active seasons in a row, causing us to believe that the AMO remains in its positive phase."
In the United Kingdom, Tropical Storm Risk — a consortium of scientists and insurance industry experts — issued a more traditional 2021 hurricane season forecat calling for 16 named storms, seven hurricanes and three majors. An average Atlantic season has 12 named storms.
"TSR predicts North Atlantic hurricane activity in 2021 will be above the long-term norm but lower than the hyperactive 2020 hurricane season," forecasters said. "However, the uncertainties associated with this outlook are large and the forecast skill at this extended range is historically low."
"At present TSR anticipates that the July-September 2021 trade wind speed will be slightly weaker than normal – due mainly to our expectation for weak La Niña conditions to occur at this time – and thus will have an enhancing effect on North Atlantic hurricane activity in 2021."
Author jnelanderPosted on December 14, 2020 December 14, 2020 Categories Tropical weatherLeave a comment on Forecasters see another busy hurricane season next year
A closer look at the Florida peninsula's record-busting fall
(Image credit: NWS-Melbourne)
More info is trickling in on an unsually wet and warm November around the Florida peninsula, and in some cases a record-breaking fall (September through November).
Daytona Beach set a new record average temperature for the meteorological fall, with 77.2 degrees, beating the old mark of 76.2 degrees set in 2015.
Sanford and Leesburg also had their warmest fall on record, while Orlando, Melbourne and Vero Beach had their second-warmest.
November temps in West-Central Florida were in the top five since record keeping began, in some cases going back to 1890. Tampa had its third-warmest November at 74.6 degrees compared to a normal average of 69.2.
The Sarasota-Bradenton area was just a tick above that with 74.7 — also the third warmest November on record, according to the National Weather Service.
Six West-Central observation centers had their warmest autumn on record. They include Sarasota-Bradenton, Winter Haven, Tampa, Bartow, Inverness and Brooksville. Lakeland, Arcadia, and Chiefland has their second-warmest autumn on record.
Thanks to the visit last month by Tropical Storm Eta, several sites had a top-five wettest November on record, including Punta Gorda (record wettest); Sarasota-Bradenton and Venice (second-wettest); Tampa (third-wettest); St. Petersburg (fourth wettest) and Lakeland (fifth wettest).
In addition, Arcadia had its second-wettest fall on record.
On the East Coast, Fort Lauderdale had its wettest fall on record with 47.58 inches of rain from September 1 through November 30. That smashed a 96-year-old record set in 1924, when 43.47 inches fell.
West Palm Beach had its warmest fall on record, posting an average temperature (considering the highs and lows) of 80.8 degrees for the three-month period. That beat the old record of 80.1 degrees set in 1986.
TROPICS WATCH: The National Hurricane Center posted its off-season map Thursday morning, which it maintains through June 1 unless there's an off-season threat. The disturbance in the eastern Atlantic, which had been given a slight chance of subtropical development earlier in the week, was continuing to weaken, forecasters said.
Author jnelanderPosted on December 3, 2020 December 3, 2020 Categories Record setting weather, Seasonal wrap-ups, Tropical weatherLeave a comment on A closer look at the Florida peninsula's record-busting fall
South FL forecast: much colder, chance of falling iguanas
The well-advertised cold front that's poised to bring freezing temperatures to the panhandle and North Florida on Tuesday and Wednesday will drive temps into the 40s as far south as interior South Florida — 50s on the coasts.
National Weather Service forecasters in Miami are calling for the "coldest temperatures of the season" with the possibility of "an isolated falling iguana or two."
Iguanas, which have taken over South Florida's parks and backyards, become dormant when temperatures dip into the 40s. They may fall out of trees, but they revive when temps warm back up during the day, especially in the sun.
(Image credit: NOAA/ CPC)
BIG WARM-UP FOR MID-DECEMBER? The cold snap that hit North Florida today and will spread into the southern peninsula on Tuesday looks like it may generally keep a lid on temperatures for the next couple of weeks. Another front moves in over the weekend to tamp down temps after a return to seasonal weather late in the week.
The GFS forecast model shows continued cool temps — with some warmer temperatures between fronts — for the next two weeks. But the model suggests a return to the 80s for South and Central Florida by the second weekend of the month.
The long-range three- to four-week forecast, released Friday by NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, calls for above normal temperatures from December 12 right through Christmas Day. That's not only for Florida, but for the entire country, coast-to-coast.
(Image credit: Wikimedia Commons)
A WRAP … OR IS IT? Today is the final day of the wild 2020 hurricane season, which checks out with a record-busting 30 named storms, 13 hurricanes and six majors. The average number of named storms is 12.
Nature saved the strongest storm of the year for the grand finale, Category 5 Hurricane Iota, which whipped up sustained winds of 160 mph before it crashed into Central America.
On the final day of the season, the National Hurricane Center was still watching an area of disturbed weather in the far eastern Atlantic, giving it a 40 percent chance of becoming a subtropical depression, or Subtropical Storm Kappa over the next couple of days.
Nothing else is on the NHC's Tropical Weather Outlook map.
Author jnelanderPosted on November 30, 2020 November 30, 2020 Categories Cold fronts, Long-range forecasts, Seasonal wrap-ups, Tropical weather, Winter weatherLeave a comment on South FL forecast: much colder, chance of falling iguanas
Tornadoes, heavy rain possible in North Florida, panhandle
(Image credit: NWS-Tallahassee)
SUNDAY UPDATE: The Central Florida panhandle was under a Level 2 "Slight" risk for severe storms on Sunday as a warm front works into the area behind the cold front that will deliver the coldest air of the season to the entire state.
Once the storms associated with the front are completely out of the way on Tuesday, lows should plunge everywhere with temps in the 40s as far south as interior South Florida.
However, NWS forecasters in Miami said the cold snap will be very short-lived around the lower half of the peninsula, since winds should swing around to the northeast, and then east, off the warm Atlantic, on Wednesday.
Nevertheless, North Florida is bracing for a potential freeze.
National Weather Service Tallahassee: "The coldest night since March 1, 2020 is in store Tuesday morning, with low temperatures forecast to range from the upper 20s in [southeast Alabama] to the low-mid 30s in the FL Big Bend. A freeze with temperatures of 24 to 32 degrees is increasingly likely outside of the SE FL Big Bend …"
"Based on the forecast low temperatures, a more widespread freeze compared to Tuesday morning is possible away from the gulf coast."
It looks like another cold front is slated to impact the state next weekend, but it's still unclear how much cold air will be behind it, and how much rain we might expect as it's moving through.
TROPICS WATCH: The disturbance that was being followed by the National Hurricane Center south of Bermuda was yanked off the agency's Tropical Weather Outlook map on Sunday.
That left just the system east of the Azures in the eastern Atlantic. The non-tropical low was moving south toward the Canary Islands, and forecasters said there was a 40 percent chance it could become a subtropical depression or storm over the next few days.
Author jnelanderPosted on November 29, 2020 November 29, 2020 Categories Cold fronts, Florida forecasts, Severe weather, Tropical weather, Winter weatherLeave a comment on Tornadoes, heavy rain possible in North Florida, panhandle
Strong storms possible on Monday, NOAA says
(Image credit: NOAA/ SPC)
SATURDAY UPDATE: Strong thunderstorms are in the National Weather Service forecast for North and Central Florida on Monday, but it's still unclear how much weather South Florida might get out of the system, which will accompany the strongest cold front of the season.
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center has Central and North Florida under a "Marginal" risk for severe weather, including gusty winds, heavy rain and frequent lightning strikes.
RECORD WATCH: Several temperature records were tied or broken on Thanksgiving Day, according to the National Weather Service. Fort Lauderdale tied a record warm low with 75 degrees, matching a mark set in 2007.
In the panhandle, Tallahassee's high of 83 tied a record set 93 years ago in 1927. And Apalachicola broke a record high with 81, beating the old record of 80 set in 1985.
TROPICS WATCH: Two disturbances in the Atlantic — one southwest of Bermuda and one northeast of the Azores — had a 30 percent chance of subtropical development over the next five days. For the first low, that's down from 40 percent on Friday.
Author jnelanderPosted on November 28, 2020 November 28, 2020 Categories Cold fronts, Florida forecasts, Record setting weather, Tropical weatherLeave a comment on Strong storms possible on Monday, NOAA says
Wintry temps to take hold in Florida next week
"The coldest weather of the season" is on its way to the Florida peninsula early next week, with lows plunging into the 40s as far south as interior areas of South Florida, the National Weather Service in Miami said Friday.
Beyond that, temperatures may recover slowly by mid-week, but the GFS forecast model has some bad news if you're looking for more shorts-and-T-shirt weather as we head into the second week of the month. The model suggests even coastal areas could bottom out in the 40s on Wednesday, December 9, with a slight warmup due the following weekend as we near mid-month.
The 14-day temperature outlook from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center has below normal weather in the forecast through at least December 10, not only for all of Florida but for a large swath of states, from Texas all the way over to the Mid-Atlantic States. The Upper Midwest will be enjoying above normal temperatures, forecasters said.
Interestingly, this is the exact opposite of what a La Niña winter should look like. With a strong La Niña in the Pacific, Florida usually has above normal winter temps while the northern tier of states are cool and wet.
So what happened to NOAA's long-term forecast for an unusually warm December for Florida?
The National Centers for Environmental Prediction's ultra-long-range forecast model, the CFS, suggests that temperatures may moderate to near-normal by the middle of the month, followed by above-normal temps moving in for Christmas week and into the new year.
In other words, keep the shorts, T-shirts and flip-flops handy as we head into the heart of December.
Meanwhile, here are the post-cold-front forecast lows around the state for Wednesday morning: Miami, 56; Sebring, 43; Orlando, 41; Tampa, 44; Gainesville, 34; Lake City, 32; Jacksonville, 35; and Tallahassee, 33.
National Weather Service, Tallahassee: "Models are in good agreement of showing near or below freezing temperatures both Tuesday and Wednesday mornings with the better chances of below freezing temperatures through southeast Alabama and adjacent areas of southwest Georgia and western Florida panhandle."
TROPICS WATCH: The hurricane season ends Monday, but the National Hurricane Center was monitoring not one, but two systems in the Atlantic that have the potential for subtropical development.
The first system, in the Central Atlantic well east of the Bahamas, was given a 40 percent chance of development over the next 2-5 days as it heads northeast. The second, west of Portugal in the eastern Atlantic, had a 20 percent chance as it drifts to the south.
Neither are a threat to the U.S., but they could pad the numbers of this year's record-breaking season to as high as 32. The next two names on the list are Kappa and Lambda.
Author jnelanderPosted on November 27, 2020 November 27, 2020 Categories Cold fronts, Holiday weather, La Niña and El Niño, Long-range forecasts, National weather, Tropical weather, Winter weatherLeave a comment on Wintry temps to take hold in Florida next week
Freezing temps possible in panhandle next week
IT'S (ALMOST) A WRAP: A record-breaking 30 named storms formed this year, topping the previous record of 28 set in 2005. The season had the second-highest number of hurricanes on record. (Image credit: NOAA)
The 2020 hurricane season, which officially ends Monday, was the fifth consecutive above-normal season, and the 18th above normal season out of the past 26, NOAA said in its season-ending report released late Tuesday.
There were 30 named storms — one or two more could still add to the final total — during the 2020 season, with 13 hurricanes and six major hurricanes.
On Wednesday, the National Hurricane Center was still tracking the disturbance in the Central Atlantic, and gave it a 30 percent chance of becoming a subtropical system over the next five days as it drifts toward the south. It was no expected to impact the U.S.
Meteorological winter starts Tuesday, and right on schedule nature has scheduled a cold front that is expected to pack some wintry weather — at least winter Florida-style.
Monday night forecast lows: Miami, 58; Orlando, 51; Tampa, 51; Jacksonville, 41; Tallahassee, 37.
Tuesday's forecast highs: Miami, 70; Orlando, 65; Tampa, 63; Jacksonville, 57; Tallahassee, 54.
Considering that heat index readings were still in the 90s last week in parts of South Florida, this blast of unseaonably cold air is going to have people digging into their closets for sweaters and jackets.
The two main foreast models used to predict this kind of weather — NOAA's GFS and the European (ECMWF) — are still a bit at odds when it comes to the timing of the cold front passage, and the temperatures on the other side of the front, according to forecasters.
National Weather Service, Miami: "… we can confidently say we will see a frontal passage early next week; however, there are a couple questions in play still…(1) how cold will the temps be behind the front, and (2) will there be strong to severe storms ahead of the boundary."
NWS Melbourne: "A strong cold front is forecast to push across the area on Monday preceded by a band of showers/storms. Wind fields suggest a threat for strong to isolated severe storms as the convection pushes rapidly across the area … much cooler air will overspread the area with low temps Tue in the 50s, except 40s north of Orlando."
NWS Tampa: "Showers and storms will be possible ahead of this front on Sunday and Sunday night, then a more organized squall line will likely push through the area on Monday, with favorable shear to allow for a few stronger storms. A much cooler and drier airmass will filter into the area behind the front, with lows Tuesday morning ranging from the upper 30s over the Nature Coast, to mid 50s over southwest Florida."
NWS Jacksonville: "Strong cold air advection will occur behind the cold front as the surface low continues to deepen over the
Great Lakes region. This will result in much cooler temperatures and windy conditions Monday and Tuesday with readings much below normal."
NWS Tallahassee: "North of I-10 in outlying areas and normally colder areas could have lows near or at freezing [Tuesday and Wednesday] mornings."
Author jnelanderPosted on November 25, 2020 November 25, 2020 Categories Cold fronts, Florida forecasts, Seasonal wrap-ups, Tropical weather, Winter weatherLeave a comment on Freezing temps possible in panhandle next week
John Nelander
This follow-up to my previous Weather Matters blog at the Palm Beach Daily News features chat and observations about the weather with a focus on what's happening in South Florida. I also keep up on news and information about climate change and the weather forecasting biz. Website: pbeditorialservices.com. Email: john@pbeditorialservices.com.
Florida Weather Watch Blog at WordPress.com.


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By Joe Naiman
Village News Correspondent
Greater Fallbrook groups allocated TOT funds
Last updated 7/4/2019 at 10:41pm
The San Diego County Board of Supervisors voted 5-0, June 25, to approve the county's 2019-2020 budget, which included the allocation of community enhancement funds from the county's transient occupancy tax revenue. Thirteen Greater Fallbrook organizations will receive grants from the community enhancement program.
Supervisor Jim Desmond had a $1,135,080 community enhancement budget and made recommendations on how much of his budget would be given to each group requesting funds. The recommendations were ratified by the board of supervisors during the approval of the budget.
Although t...
County E. Coli outbreak reaches 10 confirmed cases, one probably case
Vegetation fire on Highway 76 shoulder reported
Witnesses sought for I-15 pedestrian hit and run
SDG&E outage reported in Fallbrook, De Luz, Camp Pendleton


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Eng ქარ
Ministry Regulations
Legislative Acts
Institutions (Legal Entities of Public Law)
Tbilisi 3rd International Festival of Literature
On May 29th Tbilisi 3rd International Festival of Literature was launched at the House of Writers of Georgia.
Exhibition " Two Stories From Georgia"
2017 is the Georgia- German Friendship Year.
"Night at the Museum"
On 27th of May the Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection of Georgia celebrates Museums at Night.
Working group on rehabilitation of cultural mon...
On May 23rd, at the Administration of the Government of Georgia, a program on cultural cooperation for 2017-2021, between Georgia and Turkey was signed.
Festival "alla KONTRAPUNKT"
With the support of the Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection of Georgia, on May 9-15, Tbilisi Shota Rustaveli State Opera and Ballet Theatre will host five concerts of Dimitri Shestakovich and Gya Kancheli, within the framework of the Festival "...
Djansug Kakhidze 3rd International Music Festival
From May 10 to May 20, Djansug Kakhidze 3rd International Music Festival will host legendary singer Patti Austin (USA), famous jazz pianist and composer Bob James with his trio (USA), outstanding vocal group "The Real Group" (Sweden) and Georgian ...
SOFA - School of Film Agents
On May 2, within the framework of German-Georgian year official program, SOFA School of Film Agents workshop took place at the Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection of Georgia.
Conservatory celebrates its 100 years anniversary
On May 1, Tbilisi Vano Sarajishvili State Conservatoire celebrates its 100 years anniversary.
The Minister of Culture hosted Iranian delegation
On 27th of March, The Minister of Culture and Monument Protection of Georgia Mikheil Giorgadze and the Deputy Minister Levan Kharatishvili hosted the Head of the Iran Islamic Culture and Relations Organization Abouzar Ebrahimi Torkaman.
Community-Led Urban Strategies In Historic Town...
On March 21, the Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection of Georgia hosted an informational meeting of the donors of the Council of Europe and European Union joint project "Community-Led Urban Strategies in Historic Towns" (COMUS).


Constructors Stateside runs in the BATracer game engine.
"This is the only event outside of North America. A fast street circuit, mainly consisting of long straights joined by chicanes which can catch out the unwary. Narrow and can bite if you lose concentration."
"A very tough short oval with limited space off the groove, the corners vary both in angle and banking. The hot Arizonian desert adds a further challenge. A pleasure to fast lap on, but can be a miserable venue if you go into the race with a poor setup."
"A venerable event - flat and fast for a street circuit. Popular with the drivers, over taking opportunities present themselves at the end of long straights or into the final hairpin ."
"A tri-oval, but because each corner has a different radius and banking it's more like a 4 or 5 corner circuit. The layout calls for a lane for exiting and leaving the pits that covers almost an entire lap."
Mid-season Testing 1. Let's prepare for Indianapolis!
"Originally a dirt track for horse racing, fortunatly a concrete surface has now been provided for champ cars. 9 degree banking and deceptivly easy."
"A twisty tight course, requiring huge skill and also a good dose of luck. Located on an island surrounded by the Detroit River. Passing is possible with considerable aggression, but collisions usually result in a retirement."
"The longest course in the championship, a fast circuit with several elevation changes. A real challenge to the drivers - it is very satisfying to win here. Developing a setup that is good for a race distance can be tricky."
"A moderatly quick street course with hairpins, the first of the Canadian venues. The main overtaking points centre around the turn one hairpin and the tight bend after the long drive down Lakeshore Boulevard."
"An airfield circuit and the fastest ""road"" course on the calendar, the track is a fully functioning airport throughout the rest of the year. The high speed corners can cause tyre over heating."
Mid Season Testing 2. Preparation for the Michigan 500.
"The fastest race track in North America, a key event in the calendar. 18 degree banking and a very wide surface greet competitors for this mamouth 250-lap event. The most significant of the ovals in the championship, a win here is a massive achievement."
"A modern facility with three wide racing, but narrow corners banked at 12 degrees. The last of the ovals in the championship, teams who favour these races will be looking to finish this one highly."
"Unusually for a street circuit, some of the corners were constructed specifically for the race. This is the second Canadian race, and the penultimate race of the season. Not particulary easy to overtake on."
"Famous for the fearsome ""Corkscrew"", the season finale often seems too small a circuit for the large champ cars. Tight initial corners lead to high speed corners with elevation changes. Good luck!"
This set is similar to the Indycar 2.0 championship but with the Constructors framework - hence custom cars and alternative engine/tyre models amongst other things. It is assumed you have already played the original Constructors (Grand Prix themed) carset.
In real Indycar racing teams of course buy chassis rather than develop their own, but the Indycar gameplay makes a nice alternative format for Constructors.
Team owners - please see the built in help with BATracer constructors for how to play Constructors.


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Gerd Gigerenzer: biography and work of this psychologist
Gerd Gigerenzer is a well-known German psychologist, Currently responsible for the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and the Harding Center of Risk Literacy. He is an important author who, in addition to performing the above functions, has studied and analyzed the role of heuristics and intuition in decision-making in our lives.
Throughout this article, we'll take a brief look at her figure, through a brief biography of Gerd Gigerenzer and a look at his major contributions to the field of psychology.
A brief biography of Gerd Gigerenzer
His life today
His work and areas of research
Mental shortcuts are useful
Gerd Gigerenzer was born in Wallersdorf, Germany on September 3, 1947. During his youth he expressed artistic concerns, and in fact mentioned in some interviews that he played the banjo and even played in the band "The Munich Beefeaters "which would feature the soundtrack for Volkswagen Golf's first television commercial. However, at some point he decided to leave this world and pour himself into the academic world.
He graduated in psychology from the University of Munich, And in 1977 he received his PhD in psychology from the same university with a thesis that would analyze nonmetric multidimensional scaling as a model of judgmental behavior (Nonmetrische multidimensionale Skalierung ALS Modell des Urteils Verhaltens). That same year he began to work as a professor of psychology in the same institution that had trained him.
In 1984 he joined the University of Constance, where he remained until 1990, when he returned to the University of Salzburg. Two years later, he left this post to work as a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Throughout his teaching career, he was the doctoral tutor of another great and renowned psychologist, Daniel Goldstein, with whom he would begin to theorize about heuristic recognition and reality processing.
It was in 1995 that, in view of his contribution to the field of psychology, he was appointed director of the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, a directorate he still occupies today. As of 2008, on top of that, he also runs the Harding Center for Risk Literacy. He also directed the Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition (ABC) at the same institute. He married Lorraine Daston, a well-known science historian and great authority on the history of the scientific and intellectual development of European modernity, with whom he has a daughter in common.
He is a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences, as well as of the German Academy of Sciences and an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. Throughout his career he has received numerous awards, As the German Psychology Award, and holds several honorary doctorates from other universities, such as the Open University of the Netherlands. His publications are also widely recognized, notably Instinctive Decisions. Intelligence of the unconscious (calculated risks, intestinal feelings: intelligence of the unconscious). Finally, he is linked to several projects, such as the one in which he collaborates with the Bank of England, "Simple heuristics for a safer World".
There are many contributions of Gerd Gigerenzer in the field of psychology, of which we will quote some of the best known.
The elements that stand out throughout his career are interest in aspects such as decision-making, the role of heuristics, The constraint of time and the uncertainty in it and the great power of intuition, social intelligence, risk communication and the training and strategies of doctors, judges and managers in decision-making.
Perhaps the best known of all of this is the defense of the role of intuition in decision-making, which has traditionally been seen as outlier and difficult to choose. Unlike most authors, Gigerenzer argues that most people make decisions based on their hunches, based on unconscious intelligence.
The author also indicates that intuition is a product of evolution, the result of learning the rules that our species has acquired and incorporated into its repertoire. This is used to make all kinds of decisions, especially those that involve emotional elements such as choosing a mate.
Studies conducted at the Max-Planck Institute show that, contrary to what logic seems to dictate, people guided by intuition need to make effective decisions when using shortcuts. These mental shortcuts would save cognitive resources and allow rapid decision making, receiving the strategies used for this under the name of heuristics. However, a logical analysis requires locating and analyzing all the possibilities, which takes time and generates a less efficient choice.
There is a risk in choosing the rule best suited to each case, which for example could have negative consequences in the formation of prejudices and stereotypes, which can lead to cognitive biases. In these cases, the problem would be that one of the rules learned and acquired throughout the subject's life is being generalized, but not a rule applicable in the particular case in question.
Another item he is best known for is for the idea of the "Adaptive Toolbox" or "Adaptive Toolbox", Which mainly proposes that we have different cognitive systems, using one or the other to adapt to a given situation. Different areas of thought require different cognitive mechanisms, this idea being contrary to the existence of a universal strategy.
Gigerenzer, G. (2008). Instinctive decisions. The intelligence of the unconscious. Barcelona: Editorial Ariel.
Gigerenzer, G and Selten, R. (2001). Limited Rationale: The Adaptive Toolkit. Reports from the Dahlem workshops.
Corrals, I. (2010). Intuition as a cognitive process. Communication, year 31, 19 (2): 33-42.
Henri Fayol: biography of the father of Positive Administration
Daniel Kahneman: Biography of this psychologist and researcher
Biography of Heliogabalus, the first transsexual in history and Roman Emperor
Ernst Mayr: Biography of this evolutionary biologist
Theophrastus: biography of this philosopher of the Peripatetic school


CLIP is planning an amazing summer adventure- will you join us?
Working with a signed musician and our CLIP team, your little star will make their own music dance and drama for performance! You can tick more than one box for each question.
* 5. If you'd like to be added to the waiting list for this event, please leave us an email address below. Thank you.
http://cliptheatre.com/courses or leave contact info below and we'll get in touch.


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The year 2006 was the 10th year in the history of the Pride Fighting Championships, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. 2006 had 10 events beginning with, Pride 31 - Unbreakable.

Title fights

Debut Pride FC fighters

The following fighters fought their first Pride FC fight in 2006:

 Clay French
 Cristiano Marcello
 Cyrille Diabate
 Dae Won Kim
 David Baron
 David Bielkheden
 Edson Claas Vieira
 Eldari Kurtanidze
 Eric Esch
 Eun-Su Lee
 Evangelista Santos
 Gegard Mousasi
 Gilbert Melendez
 Gregory Bouchelaghem

 Hatsu Hioki
 Hector Lombard
 Jason Black
 Jean-Francois Lenogue
 Jeff Curran
 Joe Pearson
 Joey Villasenor
 John Olav Einemo
 Kenji Arai
 Luciano Azevedo
 Mark Weir
 Mike Plotcheck
 Mitsuhiro Ishida

 Naoki Matsushita
 Nobuhiro Obiya
 Olaf Alfonso
 Paul Rodriguez
 Robbie Lawler
 Sean O'Haire
 Seichi Ikemoto
 Shinya Aoki
 Tae Hyun Lee
 Travis Galbraith
 Won Jin Eoh
 Yoshihiro Nakao
 Yosuke Nishijima

Events list

Pride 31: Unbreakable

Pride 31: Unbreakable was an event held on February 26, 2006, at the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan.

Results

Pride FC: Bushido 10

Pride FC: Bushido 10 was an event held on April 2, 2006, at Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan.

Results

Pride FC: Total Elimination Absolute

Pride FC: Total Elimination Absolute was an event held on May 5, 2006, at Osaka Dome in Osaka, Japan.

This event featured the first round of Pride's 2006 Open-Weight tournament. Seven tournament matches were held along with one alternate match. The seven winning participants advanced to the second round, Pride Critical Countdown Absolute. The winner of the alternate bout will take the place of any fighter who is unable to participate in subsequent matches.

Pride Heavyweight Champion and 2004 Heavyweight Grand Prix winner Fedor Emelianenko was originally set to enter the tournament with a first round bye, but a hand injury prevented him from participating. Wanderlei Silva, then current Pride middleweight champion, received his bye into the second round.

Results

2006 Pride Open-Weight Grand Prix Bracket

1Fedor Emelianenko suffered a hand injury and could not participate in the tournament. He was replaced by Wanderlei Silva.

Pride FC: Bushido 11

Pride FC: Bushido 11 was an event held on June 4, 2006, at Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan.

Results

Pride 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix Bracket

Pride FC: Critical Countdown Absolute

Pride FC: Critical Countdown Absolute was an event held on July 1, 2006, at Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan.

Results

2006 Pride Open-Weight Grand Prix Bracket

1Fedor Emelianenko suffered a hand injury and could not participate in the tournament. He was replaced by Wanderlei Silva.

Pride FC: Bushido 12

Pride FC: Bushido 12 was an event held on August 27, 2006, at Nagoya Rainbow Hall in Nagoya, Japan.

Results

Pride 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix Bracket

Pride FC: Final Conflict Absolute

Pride FC: Final Conflict Absolute was an event held on September 10, 2006, at Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan.

This event comprised the semifinal and final rounds of the Pride Open-Weight Grand Prix tournament.  The tournament began on May 5, 2006, at the Total Elimination Absolute event and then continued on July 1, 2006, at Critical Countdown Absolute.

On August 5, 2006, Mirko Cro Cop announced his withdrawal from the tournament following a dispute over pay with Pride. On August 7, 2006, it was reported that the matter had been resolved and Cro Cop would once again take his place in the finals.

Results

2006 Pride Open-Weight Grand Prix Bracket

1Fedor Emelianenko suffered a hand injury and could not participate in the tournament. He was replaced by Wanderlei Silva.

Pride 32: The Real Deal

Pride FC: Bushido 13

Pride FC: Bushido 13 was an event held on November 5, 2006, at Yokohama Arena in Yokohama, Japan.

This event consisted of the semifinal and final rounds of the Bushido Welterweight Grand Prix.

In a lightweight championship bout, Takanori Gomi faced Marcus Aurélio, who had defeated Gomi in a non-title fight at Pride Bushido 10.

Originally Gilbert Melendez was set to face Shinya Aoki but an injury during training forced Melendez to withdraw from the fight. Clay French replaced Melendez in the fight.

Results

2006 Welterweight Grand Prix bracket

1 Paulo Filho dropped from the Grand Prix due to injuries sustained during his bout with Kazuo Misaki, who replaced him in the final round against Denis Kang.

Pride FC: Shockwave 2006

See also
 Pride Fighting Championships
 List of Pride Fighting Championships champions
 List of Pride Fighting events

References

Pride Fighting Championships events
2006 in mixed martial arts

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Chrissy Teigen isn't afraid to share her opinions with the world. Actually, one of the reasons we love her so much is that she's so vocal and readily makes her opinions known on social media. Except those epic tweets and comebacks of Teigen's that we enjoy so much are now a thing of the past, and we can't help but feel just a little depressed about it.
More: Can we give Chrissy Teigen and John Legend an award for best tweets?
On Tuesday evening, Oct. 4, Teigen decided to make her Twitter account private, although she hasn't appeared to have removed any of her 2.88 million followers.
But what sparked Teigen's decision? It looks as though Twitter just became a little too much for her.
We understand Teigen's decision: Twitter can be a toxic place, filled with negative comments and unwanted opinions. But still, we're really sad to see her go. In fact, the world needs more people like Teigen, who are willing to share their thoughts and opinions — and remind people that celebrities are humans, with feelings and emotions.
Excuse us now while we reminisce about all the amazing Twitter moments Chrissy Teigen has had over the years.
Are you sad to see Chrissy Teigen go? Share your thoughts with us in the comments below.