text:
Not Lucian's Lucian
Lucian's Dialogues of the Gods,
translated by H. & F. Fowler & W. Tooke,
edited by Nicholas Jeeves.
PDR Press, 2016.
Paperback, 149 pages, $14.
Woe to the great comic authors of the ancient world, none of whom would be terribly good sources for a Boy Scouts of America Campfire Joke Book! How do we present them to modern readers?
The problem is hardly a new one. In Canto I of Don Juan, Byron writes of the hero's education (clearly a burlesque of his own):
His classic studies made a little puzzle,
Because of filthy loves of gods and goddesses,
Who in the earlier ages raised a bustle,
But never put on pantaloons or bodices.…
Juan was taught from out the best edition,
Expurgated by learned men, who place,
Judiciously, from out the schoolboy's vision,
The grosser parts; but, fearful to deface
Too much their modest bard by this omission,
And pitying sore his mutilated case,
They only add them all in an appendix,
Which saves, in fact, the trouble of an index.
Byron himself adds in a footnote that there such an edition of Martial does exist—and I can vouch for that by analogy though not by fact. One highly respected Latin textbook has seen fit to let Catullus inform my students that his ex-girlfriend "Lesbia glubit [literally, "peels"] the descendants of great-hearted Remus at crossroads and in alleyways," but it's left to me to explain the technicalities of the verb. ("Well, Roman men were not circumcised, so prior to sex a woman would …")
In general, both our knowledge and our ignorance of ancient literature are given a Picasso-esque sculpting by the rather strange status of Latin and Greek in post-antique Europe. True, they were ecclesiastical and legal languages, but in a broader sense they were men's languages; or at any rate, only select boys would enjoy this standard curriculum. But I marvel that anybody learned anything from poorly paid, all-but-unsupervised schoolmasters whose main authority was the rod. (Charles Lamb recalls of Christ's Hospital that the master of the lower form did not even bother to preside over the boys' diversions, but spent most of his time alone in a private room. The master of the upper form produced sound scholars, but seems—to me, anyway—to have done it by laying about him like a Homeric warrior in a fugue state.)
A racy author of short works with one-liners might at least provide some reward for the toil of deciphering, and some punctuation in the teaching/"cramming." And these authors pointed forward to some resulting privileges: you, the successful man of parts, would know the proper names for these parts, names unspeakable in the vernacular. Wit and bawdry made up substantial regions of the lofty intellectual province. Hence Thomas More and Erasmus produced the first major translation of Lucian's Greek, into Latin. Latin extracts of Lucian remained in favor as school texts clear until the late eighteenth century, when standards for gentility began to apply more equally between the sexes. By this time, English translations (one by Dryden) had appeared too, and found wide readerships, but the loss of Lucian from the early curriculum pushed him toward a low status among the classics.
But more was at issue; certainly Aristophanes and Catullus, for example, don't have to worry about their place in the canon. It's a fair question whether Lucian—an Assyrian-born but cosmopolitan rhetorician active in the late second century CE—is worthwhile. His masterpiece, the True History, is an ingenious spoof (mainly of ethnographic writing), and famously marks the invention of science fiction. But the jumpy, overfull narration does not recommend even this work, even to a modern academy excited by reconsiderations of the ancient novel. Lucius or The Ass, telling the same basic story (a man is transmogrified and experiences life as a donkey) as Apuleius's Golden Ass, sounds, in comparison to that masterpiece, like a fantasy computer game: wonder follows wonder, episode follows episode, and nothing's particularly interesting or conclusive to anyone on the outside peering in.
Lucian's Dialogue of the Gods is an even weaker draw. In what Nicholas Jeeves makes the headliner joke, on this translation's back cover, Hermes hopes he has not "unwittingly come in contact with a she-goat," which would explain his son Pan's hooves, horns, shaggy beard, and tail. The two-word (usually political) insult familiar from late-night TV isn't memorably or meaningfully prefigured here.
In another scene of which Jeeves makes much in his introduction, Ganymede, snatched up to heaven, steers a drawn-out, contrived conversation toward a close by asking where he will sleep, and loquaciously fails to understand Zeus's mustache-twirling insinuations; Zeus then turns the boy over to Hermes for a drink of immortality's nectar and some training as a waiter—nectar and waiting at the table having endured (we thought) sufficient discussion already. It's like SNL's innocent Miles Coppertwaite aboard the Raging Queen, except not funny. As an explosion of mythology, it's as if the movie Bad Santa were scripted entirely with euphemisms. Lucian's surviving works (including some of disputed authorship, and some now considered to be pseudonymous), by the way, run to four large volumes. Just imagine a scholarly commitment to this author, as opposed to a look-see in the hope of amusement and interest.
What is kind of funny is this new book's cover rave, which reads in part, "I know of no stage comedy, or satire, which can be compared with this man's dialogues"—that's a piece of native advertising from Erasmus himself. If for no purpose but a better understanding of our ancestors' tastes (Why Lucian? Why Sallust? Why bear-baiting?), it's useful to have a well-curated new paperback Dialogues of the Gods in English. Jeeves, a graphic artist and an instructor at the Cambridge School of Art within Anglia Ruskin University, has reconstituted these works from three translators, including the two eccentric Fowler brothers. Since Oxford funded their Lucian (1905), it was not the complete Lucian, but a version expurgated by the Vice Chancellor; seven of these twenty-six dialogues (for instance) fell away. Jeeves restores them with "tweaked" versions from a still earlier translation, that of William Tooke (1820). The Fowler Lucian is out of print, and I can find readily available only one other version of Dialogues of the Gods, by Baudelaire Jones; there is of course a Loeb edition. The Perseus Project, my quickie online reference for original texts and translations, has Lucian works only in Greek. This all amounts to precious little access in contemporary English, even for a second- or third-tier work of the classics.
But Jeeves's effort hardly boosts Lucian even up to an authentically hubba-hubba rendering. I spot-checked the Greek of passages I've cited above, and found that within the naughty dialogues the bowdlerization remains breath-taking, which must mean that Jeeves did little to bring bold authenticity up from a Georgian standard and past an Edwardian one. Among the meanings altered or merely dropped are "begotten in adultery," "That's what boy-lovers say," "kiss passionately," and "embrace." Who out there is too delicate to read such things? This corpus offers plenty of chances for useful if not scintillating translation reform to any classicist or amateur who's willing.
Sarah Ruden is apoet, translator, essayist, and popularizer of Biblical linguistics. Her translation of Aeschylus's Oresteia is part of The Greek Plays, a Modern Library collection (2016). The Face of Water: A Translator on Beauty and Meaning in the Bible (Pantheon) and Augustine's Confessions: A New Translation (The Modern Library) will both appear in 2017.


Smith, S., Cohen, J. & Jones, M. (2017). Digital Fabrication in Education: A Critical Look at Authentic Integration. In P. Resta & S. Smith (Eds.), Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (pp. 112-113). Austin, TX, United States: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). Retrieved April 21, 2019 from https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/177845/.


Being part of an ALIA Group is a great way to strengthen your connection with other library and information professionals in a similar field. There is a broad spread of active and engaging Groups to choose from, and if there isn't an ALIA Group that matches your special interest, it's easy to start your own.
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I spoke to an herbalist yesterday about a tea concoction tjhat will help with some problems I have been having, and she suggested that I add Schizandra Berry to my tea.
I was wondering if anyone knew what the magical uses of this herb is? I didn't get an opportunity to ask her, and I can't find it in any of my books or online.
I have used it for its medicinal properties, which include; strengthens/protects liver, nervous system, uterus, aphrodisiac, calming, infections of the airways, fluid-balance (kidneys), skin disorders, diahorrea, dysentery, coughing, shortness of breath, blood-cleansing, eyesight and hearing.


text:
Libya: Mercenaries Not Withdrawing
TRIPOLI, 22 January 2021 – Foreign fighters have only until Saturday, 23 January, to leave Libya, in keeping with the UN-brokered ceasefire sealed last October in Switzerland.
Twenty-four hours ahead of the deadline, intelligence gathered through satellite imagery suggests that foreign fighters – who number an estimated 10,000 – do not appear ready to abide by this confidence-building measure.
Russian mercenaries – Libyan Express
Turkish mercenaries in Libya
Mercenaries come from all over the world and they are all apparently digging trenches and building massive fortifications stretching many miles, ready to counter attacks, according to CNN International citing US intelligence sources.
Open-source monitoring was also cited Friday by CNN as saying it has mapped a series of more than 30 defensive positions dug into the desert and hillsides that stretch for about 70 kilometres.
Russian-backed mercenaries of the Wagner group – numbering about 2,000 fighters – appear to be "settling in for the long haul", US intelligence sources told CNN on Friday.
Syrian Mercenaries in Libya – Photo MENA Research and Study Center
The stronghold of Wagner fighters at al-Jufra, dozens of kilometers south of Sirte, the hometown of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, is still full of foreign fighters, the sources said.
As of Friday, the United Nations Security Council was said to be willing to consider a resolution to add mercenary monitoring to the mandate of the UN Mission in Libya (UNMIL).
Libyan Rivals (Gen. Haftar – Right) Failed to Reach Ceasefire in Moscow – TRT World
Libya has been divided into two major blocks ever since the 2011 fall of the late Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and no fewer than 2,000 civilians have been killed in fighting there.
Libya's internationally-recognized Government of National Accord (GNA) which is based in the capital, Tripoli, is backed by Turkey, and headed by Prime Minister Fayez al-Serraj.
The rival government, based in the eastern town of Benghazi, is backed by Russia and the United Arab Emirates and is led by General Khalifa Haftar – the Libyan National Army (LNA).
"We see no intent or movement by either Turkish or Russian forces to abide by the UN-brokered agreement," US intelligence officers are cited as saying.
Female mercenaries – Source Libya SOS Blogger
The UN called the permanent ceasefire deal between the rivals covering all of Libya a "historic achievement".
The UN envoy to the talks, Stephanie Williams, said the deal was an "important turning point towards peace and stability in Libya".
A good part of the optimism that greeted the ceasefire was linked to the agreement that all foreign fighters would leave Libya no later than 23 January 2021.
With that important objective likely to be missed Saturday, US intelligence sources told CNN International on Friday that such disregard of a deadline that is part of the UN-brokered peace "has the potential to derail an already fragile peace process and ceasefire".
In January 2020, Russia brought the two rival Libyan governments together in Moscow for negotiations, but the two failed to reach a ceasefire in large part because they could not agree a timeline for the withdrawal of all foreign fighters from the country.
For Russia, Libya is to Europe what Cuba is to the USA – Pinterest
The 10,000 foreign mercenaries currently in Libya are believed to be affiliated both to the LNA and GNA, according to a September 2020 report by AFRICOM.
Last year, Russian President Vladimir Putin said there were no Russians in Libya although analysts say "mercenaries of the Wagner group allow Russia to be fully present in Libya and yet be able to claim not being present".
Analysts warn that any Russian presence will take time and sacrifice to uproot, given the huge advantage Moscow would gain by being based not too far from Europe and several NATO countries.
Russia would also have the added advantage of gaining access to Libya's rich oil, gas and other mineral resources.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
module Discourse
  # work around reloader
  unless defined? ::Discourse::VERSION
    module VERSION #:nodoc:
      MAJOR = 1
      MINOR = 8
      TINY  = 0
      PRE   = 'beta4'

      STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY, PRE].compact.join('.')
    end
  end

  def self.has_needed_version?(current, needed)
    current_split = current.split('.')
    needed_split = needed.split('.')

    (0..[current_split.size, needed_split.size].max).each do |idx|
      current_str = current_split[idx] || ''

      c0 = (needed_split[idx] || '').sub('beta', '').to_i
      c1 = (current_str || '').sub('beta', '').to_i

      # beta is less than stable
      return false if current_str.include?('beta') && (c0 == 0) && (c1 > 0)

      return true if c1 > c0
      return false if c0 > c1
    end

    true
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Steelville, MO Arrest Records
Steelville, MO is among the safest cities in the USA with 2.34 per 1,000 residents crime rate compared to national 4.69 average. It is the 259th safest city in Missouri among the 330 cities.
Steelville, MO property crime has higher rate than the national average of 28.42, with 40.33 average property crimes recorded in 2016 of which 44 larceny theft related arrests that decreased by 4.35% compared to 2015.
Steelville Crime Rate
Total arrests in Steelville 2016 decreased by 3.95% compared to 2015 and has higher crime rate than national average of 33.12. Violent crimes decreased from 7 to 4 while non-violent crime decreased by 0% from 69 to 69.
5 Crimes In Steelville, MO in 2016 with the Most Arrests
Burglary 22
Are you planning a move to Missouri? Here are the safest cities in Missouri with the lowest arrest rates. Your chance of being a victim of a violent crime in Steelville is 1 out of 145 up by 0.06% compared to previous year. The lowest rate of violent crime is in Pleasant Hill and the safest city to encounter a property crime is in New Franklin.
Violent crime rate in Steelville decreased by 42.86% from 2015 and decreased by 0% during the last 5 years since 2011 from 4 to 4. In 2016 violent crime rate in Steelville was 50.18% lower than the national average. Your chances of being a victim of a violent crime is 0.234%.
Property crime rate in Steelville decreased by 0% from 2015 and decreased by 1.43% in the last 5 years since 2011 from 70 to 69. In 2016 property crime rate in Steelville was 41.88% higher than the national rate. Your chances of being a victim of property crime is 4.033%.
How Steelville stands up against other cities
Steelville vs. Senath
You'll be in more risk in Steelville compared to Senath that had 53.12% lower crime rate compared to Steelville according to the FBI.
Rape rates of 0.0000 per 1,000 people is lower than national of 0.0199 per 1,000 people and the same as average 0.0000 in Senath city.
Larceny rates of 25.7160 per 1,000 people is higher than national of 20.5437 per 1,000 people and higher than average 5.2941 in Senath.
Steelville vs. Hamilton
You'll be in more risk in Steelville compared to Hamilton that had 50.13% lower crime rate compared to Steelville according to the FBI.
Assault rates of 2.3378 per 1,000 people is lower than national of 2.8422 per 1,000 people and lower than average 4.1371 in Hamilton city.
Larceny rates of 25.7160 per 1,000 people is higher than national of 20.5437 per 1,000 people and higher than average 13.0024 in Hamilton.
Names with the most arrests in Steelville
Clinton Donal
David Declue
The overall crime rate in Steelville is 0.29% higher than the national average.
For every 1,000 residents, there are 11.69 daily crimes that occur in Steelville.
Steelville is more violent than Senath.
In Steelville you have a 1 in 23 chance of becoming a victim of any crime.
Year over year crimes in Steelville have decreased by 3.95%.


Since 1987, Children's Dental Care has provided quality pediatric dentistry services in Batesville, IN. One of our goals has always been to provide children with a comfortable, calm, and welcoming dental atmosphere. We are committed to building lasting relationships with patients and their families. We provide dental care for children from infancy to adolescence. Together with you, we want to help your children develop good oral health and habits that lead to a lifetime of healthy smiles.
Children's Dental Care proudly provides dentistry services to patients from Batesville, IN and surrounding communities including: Harrison, OH; Greensburg, IN; Brookville, IN; Rushville, IN; Osgood, IN; Versailles, IN; Sunman, IN; Connersville, IN and Milan, IN.
We encourage you to take a look through our website and explore what we have to offer. Our site offers valuable information about our doctors and what to expect during your first visit with us. For more information or to request an appointment, we invite you to contact us today.
Click Here to Learn More About Us by reviewing our Frequently Asked Questions.


text:
Principles of God In Creation
Intelligent Design >
Uniqueness of Life Forms
Comparative Anatomy
Irreducible Complexity of Life
Issues in Creation and Evolution
Impact of Mutations on Biologic Design >
Gene Mutational Load
DNA by Design
Living Fossils, Metamorphosis and Other Anomalies >
Transition Life Forms-NO
Adaptation/Variation
DNA and Structural Homology Studies That Argue Against Evolution >
DNA Clocks/Mutations
DNA Data Shows Differences Human and Chimpanzee
DNA Comparison Among Other Organisms
History of Support for Creation Worldview and in Opposition to Evolution Ones
Evolutionism and Its Use to Fight Against Christianity
Geology and the Flood >
Plate Techtonics, Folds and Gaps in Geologic Strata Consistent with The Flood >
Worldwide Strata and Uncomformities
Formation of Strata on Earth
Coal Formation
Evidence For Rapid Complete or Partial Fossilization
Evidence for a Young Age of the Earth >
Ice Cores and C14
Glossopteris and Other Fossil Evidence for Earth as One Land Mass
Evidence for Catastrophic Deposition on earth >
Evidence for Catastrophic Excoriation of earth
The Geologic Column
God's Creation in Photography 1
God's Glory In Flowers
Birds-God's Glory
The Heavens Declare the Glory of God
Clouds: God's Glory
God's Creation in Art
God's Creation Revealed In Art con't
The Interfacing of Religion, Philosophy, and Science
Education and the Teaching of Science
The Triune Nature of Man
The Degradation of Secular Man According to Romans 1:19-32
Medical and Other Ethics from a Christian Perspective
Abortion and Ethical Status of Human Embryo/Fetal Child >
Bible Scriptures Relating to the Sanctity of Human Life
Responding to Pro-Abortion Groups
God's Judgement Regarding Abortion, Infanticide:An Example Pompeii?
Homosexuality >
Homosexuality in History and Now
Genome Therapy
Miscellaneous Medical and Other Ethical Issues
Christian Theology and Evangelism
Following The Lord
Evangelistic Tracts and Bumper Stickers
Art Work Demonstrating Biblical Concepts >
Ministry of Jesus Christ in Art
Bible Translations and Exposition of Genesis
The One True God vs False Ones
Issues in the Bible >
What About Those Who Have Not Heard
The Triune Nature of God
A History of Christian Martyrs
Does God Bring Judgement Upon Mankind?
Day-Age Controversy
When Was Y'shua (Jesus) Born
What is the Biblical Def'n of Family
Biblical Related Artifacts
New Testament Related Artifacts and Places
Inter-testamental Period
Old Testament Related Artifacts
False gods through the Ages
Responding to Archaeological Objections to Bible History
Archaeology and Culture of the Middle East
Pictures of the Middle East Cultures and Geography
Other Middle East Archaeology Sites: Petra
Anthropological Evidence: Worldwide Flood
Noah Flood Stories Worldwide
Art Forms found Worldwide
Images of Noah's Flood, Others, Bible Pages
Scheuchzer 1732
Modern Images of Noah and the Ark
Biographies of Christians and Creationists who are scientists
Ministers Who Support Genesis
Others Who Testify of Faith in Christ
Dissertations/Papers of John G Leslie
Ancillary Evidence:Noah's Flood
Blog: Defending the Christian Faith
Contact Us/Privacy Policy
Store:Books and Writings of JGL
A History of Martyrs For The Christian Faith
Comment: It should be noted that most if not all true Christians martyred for their faith in Jesus Christ would not deny Him as their Lord. They were not attempting to overthrow governments, but rather were trying to help individual people be freed from the sin and condemnation that every person experiences when separated from God. They were crucified for doing good and not evil in contrast to many "religions" that expound the forcible conversion of unbelievers. While it is true that some "so-called Christians" at times in the past did try to force conversions this was never a teaching of Jesus Christ. Again, this is in contrast to some leaders of other movements who have expected their followers to forcibly convert others.
Yet, by love,and the truth of God's Word-the Bible, many souls have come to have peace with God after hearing the Word of God preached by missionary martyrs. Apostle Paul's Thoughts (whom himself was martyred):
Philippians 1 :
20 "According to my earnest expectation and my hope, that in nothing I shall be ashamed, but that with all boldness, as always, so now also Christ shall be magnified in my body, whether it be by life, or by death.
21 For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain.
22 But if I live in the flesh, this is the fruit of my labour: yet what I shall choose I wot not.
23 For I am in a strait betwixt two, having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ; which is far better:
24 Nevertheless to abide in the flesh is more needful for you." KJV online.
Foxe's Book of Martyrs (online)
"PLEASE NOTE: We have placed Foxe's Book of Martyrs among our list of good books to read and study for two reasons: 1) not to cause doubts as to whether you will be able to endure the same persecution, but to show you how God's followers were able to face and endure all kinds of persecution because of their faith in God! Remember, Christ said: 'In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.'John 16:33. Instead of fear, this brings encouragement to the faint of heart, and as we see what others have endured for the truth of God's word in the past, we know that with and through Christ we can do the same. 2) Lest we forget!
A History of the lives, sufferings and triumphant deaths of the early Christian and the Protestant martyrs. Edited by William Byron Forbush
'When one recollects that until the appearance of the Pilgrim's Progress the common people had almost no other reading matter except the Bible and Fox's Book of Martyrs, we can understand the deep impression that this book produced; and how it served to mold the national character. Those who could read for themselves learned the full details of all the atrocities performed on the Protestant reformers; the illiterate could see the rude illustrations of the various instruments of torture, the rack, the gridiron, the boiling oil, and then the holy ones breathing out their souls amid the flames. Take a people just awakening to a new intellectual and religious life; let several generations of them, from childhood to old age, pore over such a book, and its stories become traditions as individual and almost as potent as songs and customs on a nation's life.' - Douglas Campbell, 'The Puritan in Holland, England, and America'
'If we divest the book of its accidental character of feud between churches, it yet stands, in the first years of Elizabeth's reign, a monument that marks the growing strength of a desire for spiritual freedom, defiance of those forms that seek to stifle conscience and fetter thought.' - Henry Morley, 'English Writers'.
'After the Bible itself, no book so profoundly influenced early Protestant sentiment as the Book of Martyrs. Even in our time it is still a living force. It is more than a record of persecution. It is an arsenal of controversy, a storehouse of romance, as well as a source of edification.' - James Miller Dodds, English Prose."
From:http://www.remnantofgod.org/foxe.htm
Foxe's Book of Martyrs
Christian Martyrs In Iraq: Modern
Christians are being martyred for their faith in Christ all over the world but none so graphic than in Mosul Iraq.Young men are being crucified if they attempt to leave Islam. I have attached a link to a site that verifies these atrocities. It is gruesome but accurate as best as I can ascertain. If more information is available please notify me.
Young Men Crucified Leaving Islam
Five Missionaries to Ecuador: Martyrs 1956
"Philip James 'Jim' Elliot (October 8, 1927 – January 8, 1956) was an evangelical Christian who was one of five missionaries killed while participating in Operation Auca, an attempt to evangelize the Huaorani people of Ecuador...
... Elliot professed faith in Jesus at the age of six and grew up in a home where obedience and honesty were enforced. The Elliot parents encouraged their children to be adventurous, and encouraged them to "live for Christ".[4]
…At the beginning of Elliot's third year at Wheaton, he decided to pursue a major in Greek, believing that it would both help him in his personal study of the Bible and make it easier to translate the Scriptures into the language of a people unreached by missionaries...
…While at Camp Wycliffe, Elliot practiced the skills necessary for writing down a language for the first time by working with a former missionary to the Quechua people. The missionary told him of the Huaorani – also called the "Auca", the Quichua word for "savage" – a group of Ecuadorian indigenous people considered violent and dangerous to outsiders...
…Elliot and four other missionaries – Ed McCully, Roger Youderian, Pete Fleming, and their pilot, Nate Saint – made contact from their airplane with the Huaorani using a loudspeaker and a basket to pass down gifts. After several months, the men decided to build a base a short distance from the Indian village, along the Curaray River. There they were approached one time by a small group of Huaorani and even gave an airplane ride to one curious Huaorani whom they called 'George' (his real name was Naenkiwi). Encouraged by these friendly encounters, they began plans to visit the Huaorani, without knowing that Naenkiwi had lied to the others about the missionaries' intentions. Their plans were preempted by the arrival of a larger group of about 10 Huaorani warriors, who killed Elliot and his four companions on January 8, 1956. Elliot's body was found downstream, along with those of the other men, except that of Ed McCully which was found even farther downstream...
…His journal entry for October 28, 1949, expresses his belief that work dedicated to Jesus was more important than his life (see Luke 9:24 in the Bible). 'He is no fool who gives what he cannot keep to gain that which he cannot lose.'"  from: wikipedia
Jim Elliot-Christian Church Hx
Jim Elliot-Wikipedia
"Elisabeth Elliot (née Howard; born December 21, 1926) is a Christian author and speaker. Her first husband, Jim Elliot, was killed in 1956 while attempting to make missionary contact with the Auca (now known as Huaorani) of eastern Ecuador. She later spent two years as a missionary to the tribe members who killed her husband. Returning to the United States after many years in South America, she became widely known as the author of over twenty books and as a speaker in constant demand. Elliot toured the country, sharing her knowledge and experience, well into her seventies." From Wikipedia.
Elizabeth Elliot
"Nathanael 'Nate' Saint (August 30, 1923 – January 8, 1956) was an evangelical Christian missionary pilot to Ecuador who, along with four others, was killed while attempting to evangelize the Huaorani people through efforts known as Operation Auca...Nate Saint was born in 1923. When he was seven he took his first plane ride with his brother Sam, who would eventually become a commercial pilot for American Airlines. While in the airplane he discovered a love of flying.
...In September 1955, Nate was joined by his teammates, Jim Elliot, Ed McCully, Pete Fleming, and Roger Youderian. Saint finally found a [Huaorani also known as Aucas] settlement while searching by air. To reach the tribe, Saint and the team lowered gifts to the Huaorani in a bucket tied to the plane.
... Finally, the missionaries decided to try to meet the Huaorani on the ground; and, on January 3, 1956, using the beach as a landing strip, they set up camp four miles from the Huaorani settlement. Their initial contact was encouraging; however, on Sunday, January 8, 1956, the entire team was killed on the beach (known as 'Palm Beach') when armed Huaorani met and speared them.
...Rachel Saint, Nate's sister, continued the mission efforts to the Huaorani, which eventually came to fruition. This resulted in many of these natives becoming Christians, including those who had killed Saint...." From: Wikipedia
Nate's son, in 1995, took his family back to stay among the Huaorani people to minister to them. As far as I know he remains among them.
"Theophilus 'Ed' McCully (1927 – Jan. 8, 1956) was an evangelical Christian missionary to Ecuador who, along with four other missionaries, was killed while attempting to evangelize the Auca people, through efforts known as Operation Auca...
...He grew up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where his father was a bakery executive. The family attended a Plymouth Brethren assembly called at that time the, "Good News Chapel," ...McCully's father was also a church elder, who preached from the pulpit...
...In the fall of 1945, McCully enrolled in Wheaton College where he majored in business and economics. It was also at Wheaton where he met and became good friends with Jim Elliot....His self-authored speech about U.S. Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton won McCully the 1949 National Hearst Oratorical Contest in San Francisco, a contest in which over 10,000 students had entered. That same year, McCully was unanimously elected senior class president
....After dropping out of law school, McCully began a ministry in the United States. In the winter and spring of 1951, he and Jim Elliot shared a weekly evangelical radio broadcast...He also travelled and spoke at various churches around the country. At one stop in Pontiac, Michigan, he met his future wife, Marilou Hobolth, a Moody Bible Institute graduate. They were married on June 29, 1951...
...In the fall of 1955, McCully, along with Jim Elliot and missionary pilot Nate Saint, began Operation Auca, their plan to reach the previously un-contacted Auca Indians... after friendly ground contact with three Aucas, the missionaries were attacked by a party of six Auca warriors and three women. McCully was speared by a young Auca namedMincaye, and also severely mutilated with a machete after he grabbed and tried to hold back one of his attackers. His role is described in the 2006 film End of the Spear.
...At the time of Ed's death, Marilou was eight months pregnant with their third son, Matt. She returned home to give birth and to meet with family. Ed McCully's memorial service was held at his home church in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, and drew around 800 people.
Marilou eventually returned to Ecuador and lived in Quito for 6 years, running a home for missionary children. She later returned to America and settled in Washington State where she worked as a hospital bookkeeper. She never remarried, and died of cancer on April 24, 2004." From Wikipedia.
Ed McCully-Wikipedia
"Peter Fleming (November 23, 1928 – January 8, 1956) was an evangelical Christian who was one of five missionaries killed while participating in Operation Auca, an attempt to evangelize the Huaorani people of Ecuador...
...He was taught the Bible from an early age, but claimed he was not a Christian until he was 13 years old after hearing the testimony of ablind evangelist. During his late teens and early twenties, Fleming was known for his knowledge of Scripture and spiritual maturity...
...In 1946, Fleming went to the University of Washington as a philosophy major. He was very driven in college, working part-time and dedicating much time to prayer and Bible study, as well as keeping up on his classes. He was also elected president of the UCA at his college. He which he received a masters degree in 1951...
...Fleming met Jim Elliot during many conferences and mountain climbing expeditions arranged by a big Christian organization. They were good friends and once spent six weeks preaching across the country with each other. Elliot had a great deal of influence on Fleming and was largely responsible for his becoming a missionary...
...Fleming went to Ecuador in 1952 as a part of a two-man team with Jim Elliot. After serving on the mission field in Ecuador, Jim Elliot married Elisabeth Elliot. Shortly afterwards, Fleming proposed to Olive in a letter, and they were married in 1954...
...In September 1955, Fleming joined with Elliot and three other missionaries in Operation Auca, an attempt to reach the Auca Indians with the Gospel...According to reports, Fleming was speared by Kimo, a man who later became one of the first Auca converts to Christianity. Four years before his death, he wrote in a journal 'I do want to be committed to the work there laying down my life for their faith.' Some of the Quichua Indians and even some of the Auca killers came to saving faith in Christ." From Wikipedia.
Peter Fleming-Wikipedia
"Unfolding Destinies: The Ongoing Story the Auca Mission by Olive Fleming Liefeld, Verne Becker
Olive Fleming Liefeld, widow of the missionary Peter Fleming, relates her version of the events already familiar to readers of Elisabeth Elliot's Through the Gates of Splendor. Olive describes details of the fateful trip in 1956 during which Pete, Jim Elliot, and three others were killed by Waorani Indians in Ecuador.In 1989, Olive returned to Ecuador and met the Indians." From books online called GoodReads.com. I have not read this book but the review sounds good.
Unfolding Destinies
"Roger Youderian (January 21, 1924 – January 8, 1956) was an Armenian-American evangelical Christian missionary to Ecuador who, along with four others, was killed while attempting to evangelize the Auca people through efforts known as Operation Auca...
As a paratrooper stationed in England, he assisted an Army chaplain and eventually became an evangelical Christian. In 1944, he participated in the Rhine jump and the Battle of the Bulge, and then returned to Montana in 1946...
...Youderian entered Northwestern College near Minneapolis, Minnesota, by this time having been called to the mission field. There he studied Christian education and met Barbara Orton. Youderian graduated from Northwestern College in 1950. He and Orton married in 1951, and they applied to be missionaries with the nondenominational mission board Gospel Missionary Union...
...He worked with missionary pilot Nate Saint to provide important medical supplies, but after a period of attempting to build relationships with them, he failed to see any positive effect and, growing depressed, considered returning to the United States. However, during this time, four other missionaries in Ecuador were planning Operation Auca, an attempt to reach another group of people, the Auca. Nate Saint approached Youderian about joining their team to meet the Auca, and he assented.
...On January 6, several Auca approached them and appeared to be friendly, but two days later, all five were attacked and killed by a group of Auca warriors. According to reports,Youderian was speared while he was trying to radio to Shell for help. His body was later pulled from the river and buried at Palm Beach in a common grave with three of the other men. All family members were safely returned to the United States where they still reside today." From Wikipedia
A beautiful Summary of the Impact of those Five Men-see link below with pictures.
Though the Gates of Pearly Splendor
Christian Translators of the Bible Who Where Martyred While Bringing God's Word to Those of Different Language Groups
This section will be further amplified in weeks to come.But, many scholars of the Languages gave up their lives to translate the Bible written in Hebrew/Greek into the common language of people groups around the world. Below are a few examples.
"The Matthew Bible, also known as Matthew's Version, was first published in 1537 by John Rogers, under the pseudonym "Thomas Matthew". It combined the New Testament of William Tyndale, and as much of the Old Testament as he had been able to translate before being captured and put to death....It is thus a vital link in the main sequence of English Bible Translations."
Quote from: http://www.bibles-online.net/1537/
Early Church Examples of Martyrs:1st-2nd Centuries
"Polycarp (Greek: Πολύκαρπος, Polýkarpos; AD 80 – 167) was a 2nd-century Christian bishop of Smyrna.[2] According to the Martyrdom of Polycarp he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed to touch him.[3] Polycarp is regarded as a saint in the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, andLutheran churches.
It is recorded by Irenaeus, who heard him speak in his youth, and by Tertullian,[4] that he had been a disciple of John the Apostle.[5][6] Saint Jerome wrote that Polycarp was a disciple of John and that John had ordained him bishop of Smyrna" From Wikipedia list of Martyrs.
Paul the Apostle (Greek: Παῦλος Paulos; c. 5 – c. 67), originally known as Saul of Tarsus (Hebrew: שאול התרסי; Greek: Σαῦλος Ταρσεύς Saulos Tarseus),[1][2] was an apostle (though not one of the Twelve Apostles) who taught the gospel of Christ to the first-century world.[7] He is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age.[8][9] In the mid-30s to the mid-50s, he founded several churches in Asia Minor and Europe. Paul used his status as both a Jew and a Roman citizen to advantage in his ministry to both Jewish and Roman audiences. From Wikipedia on Paul the Apostle...Neither the Bible nor other sources say how or when Paul died, but Ignatius, probably around 110, writes that Paul was martyred.[85] Christian tradition holds that Paul was beheaded in Rome during the reign of Nero around the mid-60s at Tre Fontane Abbey (English: Three Fountains Abbey).[86] By comparison, tradition states that Peter, who was not a Roman citizen, was given the more painful death of being crucified upside-down.[87]
The Martyrdom of Paul, which occurred in Rome about 67 AD by Roman Authority. Painting by Tintoretto in 1556 public domain on Wikipedia.
List of Early Martyrs
TO GOD BE THE GLORY


This article critically revisits the operation of 'mediated visibility' in the context of environmental conflict. Challenger groups have long gained access to news media and influenced political decision-makers by staging highly visible protest events that draw public attention to environmental threats and destruction. The advent of the world-wide web and digital media tools has since added to the tactical arsenal available to groups wanting to infiltrate and disrupt government and corporate networks of power. In turn, governments and corporations deploy these same tools to maintain their reputation and check opponents who oppose their activities. These developments have, we argue, produced a significant flow-on effect. The function of invisibility – or the coordinated avoidance of media communication, attention and respresentation in order to achieve political and/or social ends – is an under-examined feature of contemporary environmental politics. The case study and evidence presented here are drawn from fieldwork conducted in the Australian island state of Tasmania, and extensive content analysis of news media, social networking platforms and websites.


Here's the Sundance line up for 2018. Somewhere in there is a gem along the lines of Mudbound or Memento, Little Miss Sunshine or In the Bedroom. And stars will be born overnight.
Blindspotting / U.S.A. (Director: Carlos Lopez Estrada, Screenwriters: Rafael Casal, Daveed Diggs, Producers: Keith Calder, Jess Calder, Rafael Casal, Daveed Diggs) — A buddy comedy in a world that won't let it be one. Cast: Daveed Diggs, Rafael Casal, Janina Gavankar, Jasmine Cephas Jones. World Premiere.
One additional World Cinema Dramatic film will be announced.
Foxtrot / Israel (Director and screenwriter: Samuel Maoz, Producers: Michael Weber, Viola Fügen, Eitan Mansuri, Cedomir Kolar, Marc Baschet, Michel Merkt) — Michael and Dafna are devastated when army officials show up at their home, announcing the death of their son Jonathan. While his sedated wife rests, Michael spirals into a whirlwind of anger only to experience one of life's unfathomable twists, which rivals his son's surreal military experiences. Cast: Lior Ashkenazi, Sarah Adler, Yonatan Shiray.


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An additional complexity, related to individual differences, concerns dosage. This factor, which varies across studies and may be fixed or determined by participant body weight within a study, undoubtedly influences the cognitive effects of stimulant drugs. Furthermore, single-unit recordings with animals and, more recently, imaging of humans indicate that the effects of stimulant dose are nonmonotonic; increases enhance prefrontal function only up to a point, with further increases impairing function (e.g., Arnsten, 1998; Mattay et al., 2003; Robbins & Arnsten, 2009). Yet additional complexity comes from the fact that the optimal dosage depends on the same kinds of individual characteristics just discussed and on the task (Mattay et al., 2003).
The real-life Limitless Pill? One of the newer offerings in the nootropic industry, Avanse Laboratories' new ingenious formula has been generating quite much popularity on the internet, and has been buzzing around on dedicated nootropic forums. Why do we pick this awesome formula to be the #1 nootropic supplement of 2017 and 2018? Simple, name another supplement that contains "potent 1160mg capsule" including 15 mg of world's most powerful nootropic agent (to find out, please click on Learn More). It is cheap, in our opinion, compared to what it contains. And we don't think their price will stay this low for long. Avanse Laboratories is currently playing… Learn More...
Similar to the way in which some athletes used anabolic steroids (muscle-building hormones) to artificially enhance their physique, some students turned to smart drugs, particularly Ritalin and Adderall, to heighten their intellectual abilities. A 2005 study reported that, at some universities in the United States, as many as 7 percent of respondents had used smart drugs at least once in their lifetime and 2.1 percent had used smart drugs in the past month. Modafinil was used increasingly by persons who sought to recover quickly from jet lag and who were under heavy work demands. Military personnel were given the same drug when sent on missions with extended flight times.
"Piracetam is not a vitamin, mineral, amino acid, herb or other botanical, or dietary substance for use by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake. Further, piracetam is not a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract or combination of any such dietary ingredient. [...] Accordingly, these products are drugs, under section 201(g)(1)(C) of the Act, 21 U.S.C. § 321(g)(1)(C), because they are not foods and they are intended to affect the structure or any function of the body. Moreover, these products are new drugs as defined by section 201(p) of the Act, 21 U.S.C. § 321(p), because they are not generally recognized as safe and effective for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in their labeling."[33]
Alpha Lipoic Acid is a vitamin-like chemical filled with antioxidant properties, that naturally occur in broccoli, spinach, yeast, kidney, liver, and potatoes. The compound is generally prescribed to patients suffering from nerve-related symptoms of diabetes because it helps in preventing damage to the nerve cells and improves the functioning of neurons. It can be termed as one of the best memory boosting supplements.
Table 5 lists the results of 16 tasks from 13 articles on the effects of d-AMP or MPH on cognitive control. One of the simplest tasks used to study cognitive control is the go/no-go task. Subjects are instructed to press a button as quickly as possible for one stimulus or class of stimuli (go) and to refrain from pressing for another stimulus or class of stimuli (no go). De Wit et al. (2002) used a version of this task to measure the effects of d-AMP on subjects' ability to inhibit a response and found enhancement in the form of decreased false alarms (responses to no-go stimuli) and increased speed of correct go responses. They also found that subjects who made the most errors on placebo experienced the greatest enhancement from the drug.
Analgesics Anesthetics General Local Anorectics Anti-ADHD agents Antiaddictives Anticonvulsants Antidementia agents Antidepressants Antimigraine agents Antiparkinson agents Antipsychotics Anxiolytics Depressants Entactogens Entheogens Euphoriants Hallucinogens Psychedelics Dissociatives Deliriants Hypnotics/Sedatives Mood Stabilizers Neuroprotectives Nootropics Neurotoxins Orexigenics Serenics Stimulants Wakefulness-promoting agents
We reached out to several raw material manufacturers and learned that Phosphatidylserine and Huperzine A are in short supply. We also learned that these ingredients can be pricey, incentivizing many companies to cut corners. A company has to have the correct ingredients in the correct proportions in order for a brain health formula to be effective. We learned that not just having the two critical ingredients was important – but, also that having the correct supporting ingredients was essential in order to be effective.
But notice that most of the cost imbalance is coming from the estimate of the benefit of IQ - if it quadrupled to a defensible $8000, that would be close to the experiment cost! So in a way, what this VoI calculation tells us is that what is most valuable right now is not that iodine might possibly increase IQ, but getting a better grip on how much any IQ intervention is worth.
Competitors of importance in the smart pills market have been recorded and analyzed in MRFR's report. These market players include RF Co., Ltd., CapsoVision, Inc., JINSHAN Science & Technology, BDD Limited, MEDTRONIC, Check-Cap, PENTAX Medical, INTROMEDIC, Olympus Corporation, FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation, MEDISAFE, and Proteus Digital Health, Inc.
Also known as Arcalion or Bisbuthiamine and Enerion, Sulbutiamine is a compound of the Sulphur group and is an analog to vitamin B1, which is known to pass the blood-brain barrier easily. Sulbutiamine is found to circulate faster than Thiamine from blood to brain. It is recommended for patients suffering from mental fatigue caused due to emotional and psychological stress. The best part about this compound is that it does not have most of the common side effects linked with a few nootropics.
As mentioned earlier, cognitive control is needed not only for inhibiting actions, but also for shifting from one kind of action or mental set to another. The WCST taxes cognitive control by requiring the subject to shift from sorting cards by one dimension (e.g., shape) to another (e.g., color); failures of cognitive control in this task are manifest as perseverative errors in which subjects continue sorting by the previously successful dimension. Three studies included the WCST in their investigations of the effects of d-AMP on cognition (Fleming et al., 1995; Mattay et al., 1996, 2003), and none revealed overall effects of facilitation. However, Mattay et al. (2003) subdivided their subjects according to COMT genotype and found differences in both placebo performance and effects of the drug. Subjects who were homozygous for the val allele (associated with lower prefrontal dopamine activity) made more perseverative errors on placebo than other subjects and improved significantly with d-AMP. Subjects who were homozygous for the met allele performed best on placebo and made more errors on d-AMP.
Soldiers should never be treated like children; because then they will act like them. However, There's a reason why the 1SG is known as the Mother of the Company and the Platoon Sergeant is known as a Platoon Daddy. Because they run the day to day operations of the household, get the kids to school so to speak, and focus on the minutia of readiness and operational execution in all its glory. Officers forget they are the second link in the Chain of Command and a well operating duo of Team Leader and Squad Leader should be handling 85% of all Soldier issues, while the Platoon sergeant handles the other 15% with 1SG. Platoon Leaders and Commanders should always be present; training, leading by example, focusing on culture building, tracking and supporting NCO's. They should be focused on big business sides of things, stepping in to administer punishment or award and reward performance. If an officer at any level is having to step into a Soldier's day to day lives an NCO at some level is failing. Officers should be junior Officers and junior Enlisted right along side their counterparts instead of eating their young and touting their "maturity" or status. If anything Officers should be asking their NCO's where they should effect, assist, support or provide cover toward intitiatives and plans that create consistency and controlled chaos for growth of individuals two levels up and one level down of operational capabilities at every echelon of command.
From its online reputation and product presentation to our own product run, Synagen IQ smacks of mediocre performance. A complete list of ingredients could have been convincing and decent, but the lack of information paired with the potential for side effects are enough for beginners to old-timers in nootropic use to shy away and opt for more trusted and reputable brands. There is plenty that needs to be done to uplift the brand and improve its overall ranking in the widely competitive industry. Learn More...
Coconut oil was recommended by Pontus Granström on the Dual N-Back mailing list for boosting energy & mental clarity. It is fairly cheap (~$13 for 30 ounces) and tastes surprisingly good; it has a very bad reputation in some parts, but seems to be in the middle of a rehabilitation. Seth Robert's Buttermind experiment found no mental benefits to coconut oil (and benefits to eating butter), but I wonder.
In addition, large national surveys, including the NSDUH, have generally classified prescription stimulants with other stimulants including street drugs such as methamphetamine. For example, since 1975, the National Institute on Drug Abuse–sponsored Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey has gathered data on drug use by young people in the United States (Johnston, O'Malley, Bachman, & Schulenberg, 2009a, 2009b). Originally, MTF grouped prescription stimulants under a broader class of stimulants so that respondents were asked specifically about MPH only after they had indicated use of some drug in the category of AMPs. As rates of MPH prescriptions increased and anecdotal reports of nonmedical use grew, the 2001 version of the survey was changed to include a separate standalone question about MPH use. This resulted in more than a doubling of estimated annual use among 12th graders, from 2.4% to 5.1%. More recent data from the MTF suggests Ritalin use has declined (3.4% in 2008). However, this may still underestimate use of MPH, as the question refers specifically to Ritalin and does not include other brand names such as Concerta (an extended release formulation of MPH).
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Despite some positive findings, a lot of studies find no effects of enhancers in healthy subjects. For instance, although some studies suggest moderate enhancing effects in well-rested subjects, modafinil mostly shows enhancing effects in cases of sleep deprivation. A recent study by Martha Farah and colleagues found that Adderall (mixed amphetamine salts) had only small effects on cognition but users believed that their performance was enhanced when compared to placebo.
Even the best of today's nootropics only just barely scratch the surface. You might say that we are in the "Nokia 1100" phase of taking nootropics, and as better tools and more data come along, the leading thinkers in the space see a powerful future. For example, they are already beginning to look past biochemistry to the epigenome. Not only is the epigenome the code that runs much of your native biochemistry, we now know that experiences in life can be recorded in your epigenome and then passed onto future generations. There is every reason to believe that you are currently running epigenetic code that you inherited from your great-grandmother's life experiences. And there is every reason to believe that the epigenome can be hacked – that the nootropics of the future can not only support and enhance our biochemistry, but can permanently change the epigenetic code that drives that biochemistry and that we pass onto our children. This is why many healthy individuals use nootropics. They have great benefits and can promote brain function and reduce oxidative stress. They can also improve sleep quality.
Piracetam boosts acetylcholine function, a neurotransmitter responsible for memory consolidation. Consequently, it improves memory in people who suffer from age-related dementia, which is why it is commonly prescribed to Alzheimer's patients and people struggling with pre-dementia symptoms. When it comes to healthy adults, it is believed to improve focus and memory, enhancing the learning process altogether.
Noopept is a Russian stimulant sometimes suggested for nootropics use as it may be more effective than piracetam or other -racetams, and its smaller doses make it more convenient & possibly safer. Following up on a pilot study, I ran a well-powered blind randomized self-experiment between September 2013 and August 2014 using doses of 12-60mg Noopept & pairs of 3-day blocks to investigate the impact of Noopept on self-ratings of daily functioning in addition to my existing supplementation regimen involving small-to-moderate doses of piracetam. A linear regression, which included other concurrent experiments as covariates & used multiple imputation for missing data, indicates a small benefit to the lower dose levels and harm from the highest 60mg dose level, but no dose nor Noopept as a whole was statistically-significant. It seems Noopept's effects are too subtle to easily notice if they exist, but if one uses it, one should probably avoid 60mg+.
Not that everyone likes to talk about using the drugs. People don't necessarily want to reveal how they get their edge and there is stigma around people trying to become smarter than their biology dictates, says Lawler. Another factor is undoubtedly the risks associated with ingesting substances bought on the internet and the confusing legal statuses of some. Phenylpiracetam, for example, is a prescription drug in Russia. It isn't illegal to buy in the US, but the man-made chemical exists in a no man's land where it is neither approved nor outlawed for human consumption, notes Lawler.
These are the most popular nootropics available at the moment. Most of them are the tried-and-tested and the benefits you derive from them are notable (e.g. Guarana). Others are still being researched and there haven't been many human studies on these components (e.g. Piracetam). As always, it's about what works for you and everyone has a unique way of responding to different nootropics.
Feeling behind, I resolved to take some armodafinil the next morning, which I did - but in my hurry I failed to recall that 200mg armodafinil was probably too much to take during the day, with its long half life. As a result, I felt irritated and not that great during the day (possibly aggravated by some caffeine - I wish some studies would be done on the possible interaction of modafinil and caffeine so I knew if I was imagining it or not). Certainly not what I had been hoping for. I went to bed after midnight (half an hour later than usual), and suffered severe insomnia. The time wasn't entirely wasted as I wrote a short story and figured out how to make nicotine gum placebos during the hours in the dark, but I could have done without the experience. All metrics omitted because it was a day usage.
1 PM; overall this was a pretty productive day, but I can't say it was very productive. I would almost say even odds, but for some reason I feel a little more inclined towards modafinil. Say 55%. That night's sleep was vile: the Zeo says it took me 40 minutes to fall asleep, I only slept 7:37 total, and I woke up 7 times. I'm comfortable taking this as evidence of modafinil (half-life 10 hours, 1 PM to midnight is only 1 full halving), bumping my prediction to 75%. I check, and sure enough - modafinil.
The peculiar tired-sharp feeling was there as usual, and the DNB scores continue to suggest this is not an illusion, as they remain in the same 30-50% band as my normal performance. I did not notice the previous aboulia feeling; instead, around noon, I was filled with a nervous energy and a disturbingly rapid pulse which meditation & deep breathing did little to help with, and which didn't go away for an hour or so. Fortunately, this was primarily at church, so while I felt irritable, I didn't actually interact with anyone or snap at them, and was able to keep a lid on it. I have no idea what that was about. I wondered if it might've been a serotonin storm since amphetamines are some of the drugs that can trigger storms but the Adderall had been at 10:50 AM the previous day, or >25 hours (the half-lives of the ingredients being around 13 hours). An hour or two previously I had taken my usual caffeine-piracetam pill with my morning tea - could that have interacted with the armodafinil and the residual Adderall? Or was it caffeine+modafinil? Speculation, perhaps. A house-mate was ill for a few hours the previous day, so maybe the truth is as prosaic as me catching whatever he had.
Natural nootropic supplements derive from various nutritional studies. Research shows the health benefits of isolated vitamins, nutrients, and herbs. By increasing your intake of certain herbal substances, you can enhance brain function. Below is a list of the top categories of natural and herbal nootropics. These supplements are mainstays in many of today's best smart pills.
Cognitive control is a broad concept that refers to guidance of cognitive processes in situations where the most natural, automatic, or available action is not necessarily the correct one. Such situations typically evoke a strong inclination to respond but require people to resist responding, or they evoke a strong inclination to carry out one type of action but require a different type of action. The sources of these inclinations that must be overridden are various and include overlearning (e.g., the overlearned tendency to read printed words in the Stroop task), priming by recent practice (e.g., the tendency to respond in the go/no-go task when the majority of the trials are go trials, or the tendency to continue sorting cards according to the previously correct dimension in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [WCST]; Grant & Berg, 1948) and perceptual salience (e.g., the tendency to respond to the numerous flanker stimuli as opposed to the single target stimulus in the flanker task). For the sake of inclusiveness, we also consider the results of studies of reward processing in this section, in which the response tendency to be overridden comes from the desire to have the reward immediately.
Most people I talk to about modafinil seem to use it for daytime usage; for me that has not ever worked out well, but I had nothing in particular to show against it. So, as I was capping the last of my piracetam-caffeine mix and clearing off my desk, I put the 4 remaining Modalerts pills into capsules with the last of my creatine powder and then mixed them with 4 of the theanine-creatine pills. Like the previous Adderall trial, I will pick one pill blindly each day and guess at the end which it was. If it was active (modafinil-creatine), take a break the next day; if placebo (theanine-creatine), replace the placebo and try again the next day. We'll see if I notice anything on DNB or possibly gwern.net edits.
Table 4 lists the results of 27 tasks from 23 articles on the effects of d-AMP or MPH on working memory. The oldest and most commonly used type of working memory task in this literature is the Sternberg short-term memory scanning paradigm (Sternberg, 1966), in which subjects hold a set of items (typically letters or numbers) in working memory and are then presented with probe items, to which they must respond "yes" (in the set) or "no" (not in the set). The size of the set, and hence the working memory demand, is sometimes varied, and the set itself may be varied from trial to trial to maximize working memory demands or may remain fixed over a block of trials. Taken together, the studies that have used a version of this task to test the effects of MPH and d-AMP on working memory have found mixed and somewhat ambiguous results. No pattern is apparent concerning the specific version of the task or the specific drug. Four studies found no effect (Callaway, 1983; Kennedy, Odenheimer, Baltzley, Dunlap, & Wood, 1990; Mintzer & Griffiths, 2007; Tipper et al., 2005), three found faster responses with the drugs (Fitzpatrick, Klorman, Brumaghim, & Keefover, 1988; Ward et al., 1997; D. E. Wilson et al., 1971), and one found higher accuracy in some testing sessions at some dosages, but no main effect of drug (Makris et al., 2007). The meaningfulness of the increased speed of responding is uncertain, given that it could reflect speeding of general response processes rather than working memory–related processes. Aspects of the results of two studies suggest that the effects are likely due to processes other than working memory: D. E. Wilson et al. (1971) reported comparable speeding in a simple task without working memory demands, and Tipper et al. (2005) reported comparable speeding across set sizes.
One last note on tolerance; after the first few days of using smart drugs, just like with other drugs, you may not get the same effects as before. You've just experienced the honeymoon period. This is where you feel a large effect the first few times, but after that, you can't replicate it. Be careful not to exceed recommended doses, and try cycling to get the desired effects again.
And yet aside from anecdotal evidence, we know very little about the use of these drugs in professional settings. The Financial Times has claimed that they are "becoming popular among city lawyers, bankers, and other professionals keen to gain a competitive advantage over colleagues." Back in 2008 the narcolepsy medication Modafinil was labeled the "entrepreneur's drug of choice" by TechCrunch. That same year, the magazine Nature asked its readers whether they use cognitive-enhancing drugs; of the 1,400 respondents, one in five responded in the affirmative.
Long-term use is different, and research-backed efficacy is another question altogether. The nootropic market is not regulated, so a company can make claims without getting in trouble for making those claims because they're not technically selling a drug. This is why it's important to look for well-known brands and standardized nootropic herbs where it's easier to calculate the suggested dose and be fairly confident about what you're taking.
Government restrictions and difficulty getting approval for various medical devices is expected to impede market growth. The stringency of approval by regulatory authorities is accompanied by the high cost of smart pills to challenge the growth of the smart pills market. However, the demand for speedy diagnosis, and improving reimbursement policies are likely to reveal market opportunities.
The important factors seem to be: #1/MR6 (Creativity.self.rating, Time.Bitcoin, Time.Backups, Time.Blackmarkets, Gwern.net.linecount.log), #2/MR1 (Time.PDF, Time.Stats), #7/MR7 (Time.Writing, Time.Sysadmin, Time.Programming, Gwern.net.patches.log), and #8/MR8 (Time.States, Time.SRS, Time.Sysadmin, Time.Backups, Time.Blackmarkets). The rest seem to be time-wasting or reflect dual n-back/DNB usage (which is not relevant in the LLLT time period).
Either prescription or illegal, daily use of testosterone would not be cheap. On the other hand, if I am one of the people for whom testosterone works very well, it would be even more valuable than modafinil, in which case it is well worth even arduous experimenting. Since I am on the fence on whether it would help, this suggests the value of information is high.
Never heard of OptiMind before? This supplement promotes itself as an all-natural nootropic supplement that increases focus, improves memory, and enhances overall mental drive. The product first captured our attention when we noticed that their supplement blend contains a few of the same ingredients currently present in our editor's #1 choice. So, of course, we grew curious to see whether their formula was as (un)successful as their initial branding techniques. Keep reading to find out what we discovered… Learn More...
Since coffee drinking may lead to a worsening of calcium balance in humans, we studied the serial changes of serum calcium, PTH, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) vitamin D and calcium balance in young and adult rats after daily administration of caffeine for 4 weeks. In the young rats, there was an increase in urinary calcium and endogenous fecal calcium excretion after four days of caffeine administration that persisted for the duration of the experiment. Serum calcium decreased on the fourth day of caffeine administration and then returned to control levels. In contrast, the serum PTH and 1,25(OH)2D remained unchanged initially, but increased after 2 weeks of caffeine administration…In the adult rat group, an increase in the urinary calcium and endogenous fecal calcium excretion and serum levels of PTH was found after caffeine administration. However, the serum 1,25(OH)2D levels and intestinal absorption coefficient of calcium remained the same as in the adult control group.
That first night, I had severe trouble sleeping, falling asleep in 30 minutes rather than my usual 19.6±11.9, waking up 12 times (5.9±3.4), and spending ~90 minutes awake (18.1±16.2), and naturally I felt unrested the next day; I initially assumed it was because I had left a fan on (moving air keeps me awake) but the new potassium is also a possible culprit. When I asked, Kevin said:
However, they fell short in several categories. The key issue with their product is that it does not contain DHA Omega 3 and the other essential vitamins and nutrients needed to support the absorption of Huperzine A and Phosphatidylserine. Without having DHA Omega 3 it will not have an essential piece to maximum effectiveness. This means that you would need to take a separate pill of DHA Omega 3 and several other essential vitamins to ensure you are able to reach optimal memory support. They also are still far less effective than our #1 pick's complete array of the 3 essential brain supporting ingredients and over 30 supporting nutrients, making their product less effective.
Proteus Digital Health (Redwood City, Calif.) offers an FDA-approved microchip—an ingestible pill that tracks medication-taking behavior and how the body is responding to medicine. Through the company's Digital Health Feedback System, the sensor monitors blood flow, body temperature and other vital signs for people with heart problems, schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease.
Racetams are the best-known smart drugs on the market, and have decades of widespread use behind them. Piracetam is a leading smart drug, commonly prescribed to seniors with Alzheimer's or pre-dementia symptoms – but studies have shown Piracetam's beneficial effects extend to people of all ages, as young as university students. The Racetams speed up chemical exchange between brain cells. Effects include increases in verbal learning, mental clarity, and general IQ. Other members of the Racetam family include Pramiracetam, Oxiracetam, аnԁ Aniracetam, which differ from Piracetam primarily in their potency, not their actual effects.
Piracetam is well studied and is credited by its users with boosting their memory, sharpening their focus, heightening their immune system, even bettering their personalities. But it's only one of many formulations in the racetam drug family. Newer ones include aniracetam, phenylpiracetam and oxiracetam. All are available online, where their efficacy and safety are debated and reviewed on message boards and in podcasts.
These are some of the best Nootropics for focus and other benefits that they bring with them. They might intrigue you in trying out any of these Nootropics to boost your brain's power. However, you need to do your research before choosing the right Nootropic. One way of doing so is by consulting a doctor to know the best Nootropic for you. Another way to go about selecting a Nootropic supplement is choosing the one with clinically tested natural Nootropic substances. There are many sources where you can find the right kind of Nootropics for your needs, and one of them is AlternaScript.
"Who doesn't want to maximize their cognitive ability? Who doesn't want to maximize their muscle mass?" asks Murali Doraiswamy, who has led several trials of cognitive enhancers at Duke University Health System and has been an adviser to pharmaceutical and supplement manufacturers as well as the Food and Drug Administration. He attributes the demand to an increasingly knowledge-based society that values mental quickness and agility above all else.
The ethics of cognitive enhancement have been extensively debated in the academic literature (e.g., Bostrom & Sandberg, 2009; Farah et al., 2004; Greely et al., 2008; Mehlman, 2004; Sahakian & Morein-Zamir, 2007). We do not attempt to review this aspect of the problem here. Rather, we attempt to provide a firmer empirical basis for these discussions. Despite the widespread interest in the topic and its growing public health implications, there remains much researchers do not know about the use of prescription stimulants for cognitive enhancement.
Nootropics are a great way to boost your productivity. Nootropics have been around for more than 40 years and today they are entering the mainstream. If you want to become the best you, nootropics are a way to level up your life. Nootropics are always personal and what works for others might not work for you. But no matter the individual outcomes, nootropics are here to make an impact!
Expect to experience an increase in focus and a drastic reduction in reaction time [11][12][13][14][15][16]. You'll have an easier time quickly switching between different mental tasks, and will experience an increase in general cognitive ability [17][18]. Queal Flow also improves cognition and motivation, by means of reducing anxiety and stress [19][20][21][22][23]. If you're using Flow regularly for a longer period of time, it's also very likely to improve your mental health in the long term (reducing cognitive decline), and might even improve your memory [24][25].
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The products and information on this website are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. The information on this site is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please speak with an appropriate healthcare professional when evaluating any wellness related therapy. Please read the full medical disclaimer before taking any of the products offered on this site.