The Timmins Fire Department would like to remind everyone that a Fire Permit is required for all burning within the City of Timmins.
Residential Fire permits are $25/yr (cash or cheque only). A residential permit is valid for the period of January 1st to December 31st for each year of purchase. You can now purchase a residential permit valid for up to 3 years ($75). Special Permits for burning slash/brush piles can also be purchased, please call for further information 705-360-2626.
Residential Fire permits can only be purchased at the Timmins Fire Department, located at 133 Cedar Street South in Timmins. These permits may be purchased 7 days a week. Special permits must be purchased Monday to Friday between 8:30 am and 4:30 pm by calling 705-360-2626.
Yes. If you do not own the property on which you wish to burn, you must obtain written permission from the property owner. This includes property which you are renting.
Is my fire pit approved?
A covered pit bought from a retailer such as Canadian Tire or Home Depot is an approved fire pit. *FIRE PITS MUST NEVER BE SET UP ON A WOODEN DECK OR PATIO*. Any homemade or makeshift pits must be inspected prior to the issue of the permit.
Only clean wood, such as small logs and twigs may be burned. YOU CAN NOT BURN: Garbage, grass, pressure treated, wood, leaves, leaves, screws, other metal, plastic or accelerant (i.e. gasoline, lighter fluid). A residential fire permit does not permit you to burn your lawn at any time.
What times can I burn?
Burning is permitted between the hours of 7pm and 12am (midnight). For Residential, it is recommended that you limit burning to weekends.
Burning in built-up areas (determined by the fire department) is a privilege. Please respect your neighbours and follow all guidelines and recommendations noted on your permit.
REMINDER: FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH ANY REQUIREMENTS MAY LEAD TO CHARGES.


Thanks to the long-standing and trusted relationship Key IVR has built with these payment gateways, we have developed a range of services that fit perfectly into the existing transaction process. Our services act as a secure conduit to increase convenience and conversion with additional payment methods. Also, we never hold onto any payment funds or store any of your customers' sensitive card details.


When manufacturing preserved foods it is often necessary to us a filling aid in order to distribute and hold the ingredients homogenously in the liquid.
A filling aid is a gel made from water, guar gum and other ingredients that depend on the filler's application. This gel is filled into a tank and pumped through a bypass where its viscosity is measured and adjusted using the ViscoScope VA-300 / VS-4450 inline viscometer.
The specified viscosity range is determined by the additional ingredients, e.g. vegetable pieces, which are distributed homogenously through the liquid by an agitator. It is important that the viscosity is not too low otherwise these ingredients will not remain suspended in the resting gel but will sink.
The product is now canned, sealed and transported to the sterilisation plant. Sterilisation requires rapid heating of the contents throughout the can. This irreversibly destroys the gel, which decomposes. If the viscosity of the gel were too high, the heat would be unable to penetrate to the heart of the can. The contents would therefore be unsterilised and a portion of the gel would not have decomposed.
ViscoScope viscometers allows operators of such plants to adjust the viscosity of the gel much faster as they no longer have to wait for the results of laboratory tests on samples. This is a significant factor in production efficiency if four tanks are in operation simultaneously.


text:
Mother of Arizona shooting victim visits Newtown
By Karina Bland, The Arizona Republic
Roxanna Green: 'This has to stop.'
Green's daughter caught in crossfire at Gabrielle Giffords appearance in 2011.
She felt she had to be there for other moms.
When Roxanna Green's car crossed into Newtown, Conn., a pretty little town of about 27,000, she felt a too-familiar fear crawl up her back and over the top of her head. She tried to rub away the goose bumps on her upper arms.
It was Monday, Dec. 17. Green could feel grief hanging in the air of the town where, three days before, a gunman had shot and killed 27 people, including 20 first-graders in their schoolrooms.
"It was just so heartbreaking. It was really, really sad," she said.
From the car window, she could look down quiet streets where yellow ribbons had been tied to lamp posts and stop signs in honor of those killed.
There were too many yellow ribbons.
"Not that it should happen anywhere, no matter what kind of town, but this place was like something out of a Norman Rockwell painting. A sleepy, charming town," Green said.
But she knows it can happen in a place like Newtown, that it can happen anywhere, because it happened just 3 miles from her home in Tucson two years ago Tuesday.
And because it was Green's 9-year-old daughter, Christina-Taylor, who was among those shot and killed.
"Just going there, it brought back the whole thing," she said. Her terror at losing a child felt multiplied by 20.
Green made the drive from New York, where earlier that day she had appeared at a press conference hosted by Mayor Michael Bloomberg highlighting the efforts of the group "Mayors Against Illegal Guns," which is advocating a national plan to prevent gun violence.
Like the grieving parents in Newtown, Green had sent her child off one morning to what should have been a safe place: a grocery store parking lot on a sunny Saturday.
A friend and neighbor had taken the girl to meet a real-life congresswoman; Green expected her daughter back in plenty of time for dinner.
Instead, Christina-Taylor was the only child among the six people killed and 13 wounded on Jan. 8, 2011 when a gunman attempted to assassinate U.S. Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords and then fired into the scattering crowd.
That shooter, Jared Loughner, diagnosed by a court-appointed forensic psychologist as paranoid schizophrenic, pleaded guilty and as part of a plea agreement will spend the rest of his life in federal custody.
Staying out of it -- until now
In the months after their daughter was killed, Roxanna and John Green stayed out of the debates over gun control and mental health care.
"At the beginning, when I could barely tie my shoes, I wanted my daughter to be remembered in a positive way, by building playgrounds and buying books and computers for schools," Green says. "To me, that was happy, and that was immediate, especially for her friends and classmates."
The family started the Christina-Taylor Green Memorial Foundation to do good deeds in the little girl's name. (Last month, a toy drive brought in more than 10,000 toys and 224 bikes for needy kids.) Green also wrote a book called "As Good As She Imagined," and a portion of the proceeds go to the foundation.
But the Greens now find themselves unable to be silent. Not anymore. Not after the July shooting at a movie theater in Aurora, Colo., that left 12 dead and 58 wounded. Not after the August shooting at a Sikh temple in Oak Creek, Wis., where six people were killed and another four wounded.
And especially not after Newtown.
"I'm angry now," Roxanna Green said. "I'm going to take every opportunity to speak out."
Green was at home when she heard the news about the shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary School. She stood in front of the television and watched in disbelief.
"I just wanted to throw up. I couldn't even move," Green said.
And then she wanted to go to Newtown.
"As soon as I heard the news, I felt like I should be there," she said.
As the day went on, the Greens' phones filled with voice messages from people who heard the news and called to say they were thinking of them, and of Christina-Taylor.
Her son Dallas, who's 13 now, heard about the shootings at school, but John Green only learned the news when he got home from work. Roxanna Green warned him not to turn on the television, but he immediately did, and blanched.
"You can't go," John told her, not so close to Christmas, not with the toy drive the next day, and a family trip coming up. "We'll pray for them."
But the next day she got a call inviting her to New York for the mayor's press conference two days later.
"It would be a lot easier for me to sit here in my sweats and pack and go to Christmas parties. Sure, it would have been easier to stay here," she said.
Easier because even when you are the parents of a little girl who was murdered by a disturbed young man with a high-capacity semiautomatic gun, if you speak out for any kind of gun regulation, you become a target.
People have criticized the Greens' stance. Some have even called them offensive names.
"I don't mind taking it, even if the comments are disrespectful. I'm out there on my soapbox," Roxanna Green said. "It's that important to me at this point."
A sensible plan
At the press conference, Green, who before her daughter was killed did little more than join the PTA to draw attention to herself, stood in the front row and faced reporters from around the globe. She was surrounded by others who have lost loved ones.
A 13-year-old boy playing basketball in Harlem, killed by a stray bullet in 2009. In 2007, 32 students and professors shot and killed at Virginia Tech. A teenage boy murdered at Columbine High School in 1999, where 13 people were killed.
"It just makes me so mad," Green said. "Doing nothing is not an option. What kind of country do we want to live in?"
Green believes there is plenty of middle ground between moderate gun regulation and any compromise of the Second Amendment.
"It's not 'all or nothing'. We don't want to take people's guns away," she said, adding that it would be hypocritical.
John Green is a longtime hunter, raised in a hunting family. When the Greens lived in Pennsylvania, he hunted deer with his brothers annually. In Arizona, he takes Dallas bird hunting, along with friends, a few times a year. The group usually bags a bird or two each trip. The guys cook them in a slow-cooker.
"It's good," Dallas called out. "It has to have a lot of barbecue sauce."
In America, Green points out, people must pass a test to get a driver's license, register their vehicles, pass emissions tests, and re-register them every year.
People even have to register their dogs.
"To buy Sudafed at Walmart, you have to jump through more hoops than to buy a gun," she said.
She wants the gun laws currently on the books to be enforced, and military-style assault weapons banned. She wants background checks on people who buy weapons at gun shows or on the Internet.
"All we're asking for is a discussion, a sensible plan," Green said. And it needs to be now, while the nation still is reeling from Newtown.
"Are you not moved or touched or saddened by what happened on Dec. 14? It will stay with me for the rest of my life," she said.
Feeling Newtown's pain
Two years after Christina-Taylor was shot and killed, Green has mostly stopped saying that she "lost" her daughter.
"I didn't lose my daughter. She was murdered. She was robbed from our family. That's different.
"I can't say I lost her. I didn't lose her at the mall. She didn't run away," Green said. And then repeated, more softly this time: "She was murdered."
"A lot of people don't want to use that word because it's ugly," she said. "It is ugly, but if you don't use it, then we're never going to change anything.
"This has to stop."
That was the same thought that came into her mind on Dec. 17 on that drive to Newtown. She was on the way to do an interview with CNN's Anderson Cooper when she saw all the yellow ribbons. Too many yellow ribbons, too many victims.
This has to stop.
And again when she met the extended family of some of the Newtown victims – aunts and uncles of the children, adult children of the teachers – friends, and the first police and paramedics on the scene.
"You can tell by looking at them that they have been through something so traumatic. It was like they were all in a coma," Green said. "You just look into their faces, and it is like a concrete wall."
She also knew what parents who lost children in Newtown would face in the holiday weeks ahead. That inside these picture-postcard houses, presents already were wrapped and hidden; the Barbies and Easy Bake Ovens, the Star Wars action figures and Snap Circuits sets.
When the Greens had returned home from the hospital after saying goodbye to Christina-Taylor, they also were met with cheerful Christmas decorations, as well as presents opened but barely played with. That Christmas, Christina-Taylor had gotten the guitar she'd always wanted.
"I'm not saying it wouldn't be any worse on, say, March 1, but this is what they are going to remember forever about Christmas," Green said. She sighed.
"I just felt their pain all over again. I felt so bad and helpless," she said.
She cried in the car for the hourlong ride back to New York.
Green is planning a return trip to Newtown on Jan. 14. She knows that she is inescapably qualified to understand, and she wants to help.
Green tried grief counseling, and though some people find solace and answers there, she found that other mothers who had lost children helped her the most.
That's why she is going back: "What if there are moms out here like me?"
When Green returns, she will take an angel ornament, either silver or copper, for each family.
"It symbolizes hope," Green says, "and an angel in heaven."
Note: Donate to the Christina-Taylor Green Memorial Foundation at christina-taylorgreen.org or at P.O. Box 65000, Tucson, AZ 85728. Details: e-mail christina_taylorgreen@yahoo.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Limited Edition Prints and Posters for Sale!
Limited Edition, Signed and numbered Art Leelanau Poster.
We have two posters created by Glenn Wolff. The 4th of July, 2016 poster and the Holidays at the Old Art Building 2016. Price $10.
https://www.oldartbuilding.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/OABb-BANNER-300x82.png 0 0 Old Art Building https://www.oldartbuilding.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/OABb-BANNER-300x82.png Old Art Building2016-12-13 15:53:512017-01-10 10:06:15Limited Edition Prints and Posters for Sale!
Art Leelanau Limited Edition Prints Available Just in time for Holiday Gifts!
These beautiful giclee print is available here through Pay Pal or you can call the Old Art Building at 231-256-2131. The 2014 and 2015 prints are limited editions, signed and number by the artists.
For years the LCCC board discussed having an artist's artwork on the Art Leelanau poster, but the process of selection never offered itself. Then in 2013, after first ever "Leland Air" Plein Air event, the selection process was obvious. The "Best in Show" for Leland Air will become the artwork for the Art Leelanau poster and limited edition giclee prints. In 2014 Angela Saxon's painting 1st and Pine, painted on May 24th 2014, won that honor. Fifty giclee prints, signed and numbered by the artist were made available at Art Leelanau and sold for $50. "Leland Air" is now an annual event during the Saturday of Memorial Day Weekend. Artists from all across Michigan and beyond spend the day painting in and around Leland. Then that evening the public is invited to view and purchase artwork "fresh off the easel" and the "Best in Show" is chosen. So never give up on a good idea. It may take a while to develop, but give it time and it might JUST HAPPEN!
https://www.oldartbuilding.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/OABb-BANNER-300x82.png 0 0 Old Art Building https://www.oldartbuilding.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/OABb-BANNER-300x82.png Old Art Building2015-11-09 12:32:192015-11-09 12:22:41Art Leelanau Limited Edition Prints Available Just in time for Holiday Gifts!


By Matt Galvin, VP of Ethics and Compliance at AB InBev and Peter Grossman, Co-Founder of Labyrinth Training.
It seemed like a fairly simple question at the time. Perhaps it was more of a challenge than a question. But Matt Galvin, VP of Ethics and Compliance at AB InBev was looking to fix a longstanding gap in the company's compliance program.
The ask was clear. And the answer required a skill set that Matt did not have. But it was a way of thinking that was intuitive to Peter Grossman and his partner Scott Petts (co-founders of Labyrinth Training).
Having each spent over a decade in the publishing and entertainment fields, Scott and Peter were well versed in the business of making people stop and look at things. However, phrases like "Ben Affleck Caught Cheating!" (Peter spent years at Us Weekly,) and "Game of Thrones" (Scott won an Emmy for his interactive design work on the HBO hit's official site,) have built-in audiences and WOW factor. The same cannot necessarily be said for the finer details of the FCPA.
The subject of the first training video was Anti-Corruption. Obviously, getting the policy points across to staff was important. However, as storytellers, Scott and Peter were equally, if not MORE interested in the real life applications. "What's the craziest thing that's actually happened to you in your professional life?" suddenly became as important as "What does our policy say?" There would be a lot of back and forth throughout the process, but the end result hinged on a few key questions - those that related to what we now refer to as the Three E's: Entertainment, Engagement and Education.
Admittedly, and much to their credit, the AB InBev compliance team was very quick to approve this idea. There's a reason for that, though, and it's not just because Matt likes cartoons. EVERYONE likes cartoons. They trigger the very powerful nostalgia switch in all of us, bringing us back to our childhood where the things we watched were FUN to watch! Aside from the immediate impact of seeing a stick figure moving around where you'd previously been force fed a PowerPoint slide, animated characters and the scenes they inhabit help to create and immersive environment that the viewer is excited to be a part of. They also serve to eliminate ambiguity. We knew we were telling stories with these trainings, and the animated characters allowed for quick and direct communications. A giant drop of sweat pouring down a frightened face, a sly smile above a stubble-covered chin - what better way to illustrate that the main character is scared they may have just bribed a local government official or depict a local 'religious' figure trying to sell you 'Sacred Cows' in exchange for cooperation with building the site (for those asking, the answer is 'Yes, that IS an actual scenario in the training!') Presenting the lessons in animated story form sent a clear message from the moment the user clicked play - This is unlike any training you've ever taken.
When Scott and Peter presented this idea to Matt, the initial response was, "I don't know…can you?" Fortunately, Scott's background in video and interactive experiences made the answer a resounding 'Yes.' The idea of incorporating choice was an integral part of moving the trainings from "Compliance" to "Ethics" and compliance. For AB InBev, "Compliance is about teaching people what the rules are…Ethics is about empowering people to make principled decisions in a complex world." The trainings needed to invite choice and the user needed to make the decisions and see how they would impact outcomes for the business and for themselves. That led to another innovation – structuring the trainings as a Choose Your Own Adventure. The Choose Your Own Adventure series was a staple of all of our childhoods and the same concept was applied to the initial Anti-Corruption module. It would be one thing to watch the main character meet with the Governor of the local province and choose whether or not to meet with the Governor's 'people' about securing land for a site build. It is another experience altogether to DECIDE whether or not the main character is going to take that meeting! Engagement is a word that is thrown around a lot in the digital entertainment world. How can you get the end user to click this/watch that/stay on that screen? The lessons being taught during compliance trainings have such far reaching implications, engaging employees when they're being taught should be of paramount concern. Companies stand to lose millions in fines and lost productivity in ways that COULD be avoided if employees simply followed the rules. With so much at stake, it is incumbent upon the company to engage their employees whenever important information is being disseminated. Are you more likely to pay attention to your favorite show, or the lecturer at the front of the class? We all remember what the teacher from the Peanuts cartoons sounded like to Charlie, Lucy and the gang, right? If that's what your employees are hearing from you, you haven't engaged them and they're about as likely to remember your policies as Charlie Brown is to finally kick the football from Lucy's hold.
It's a strange question to be asked after you've taken a compliance training, isn't it? But that's what the staff at AB-InBev asks each other after taking the training. And that's the object of the exercise. Because asking that question means people are talking about it! A compliance training is the subject of conversation! And this will form the basis for how AB does everything from anti-sexual harassment to digital ethics training. As Matt says, "I hope it doesn't just make good training, but that it elevates the function so that people understand how compliance can be a key strategic partner in getting things done. And perhaps we'll get invited to our bar more often for a beer." So the answer it seems is, "Yes." You CAN make a compliance training that your employees will actually pay attention to. Like any other good business practice, you just need to focus first and foremost on your employees - their attention - to create an environment that fosters people's inherent desire to learn about the world around them.
Matt Galvin is the Global Vice President for Ethics an Compliance for AB-InBev. Matt's team covers anti-corruption, competition, litigation, sanctions, anti-money laundering, data privacy, human rights and internal investigations. He is recognized as a leader in the application of data analytics to solve compliance problems and streamline compliance systems and processes. Matt is a NY and Hong Kong qualified lawyer who spent ten years in private practice before joining ABI in 2015.


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Movie by IMS students to premiere in December
Paige Godden
pgodden@registermedia.com
Indianola Middle School's finest actors, directors, producers and editors will present a 45-minute film titled "The 9th Grader" on Friday, Dec. 16, at 7 p.m.
The movie will premiere at the Indianola High School auditorium, and tickets will be $5 for adults, $3 for students or $15 for a family pass.
Wes Weatherall, who plays the main character in the movie, Bryce Longmire, said his character is the new kid at a new school.
He walks into a classroom and the kids think he's a substitute teacher, so he goes along with it. Eventually, Weatherall said, he gets caught.
Grace Powell and Ryan Magalhaes, who played villains in the recent middle school play, will be reprising their evil ways as villains in the movie.
Magalhaes plays a character named Chad and Powell plays Lana.
Lindsey Wildman, who plays Lilly, said making the movie was different from performing in a play because you can redo scenes on film.
"That's probably my favorite part of movie acting," Powell said. "Because the stress of remembering your lines, especially the long ones, can be a lot of pressure in a play."
That said, the students promised a blooper reel would play at the end of the movie.
The movie was written by David Dubczak, who teaches the quarter-long movie-making class at the middle school.
Profits made during the movie's premiere will go toward purchasing new technology equipment at the middle school.
Dubczak said the school needs 3D printing supplies to keep it operating year-round, a new camera or better sound equipment and a new dolly.
He said he'd also like to buy a Microsoft Connect, which can be used for 3D motion tracking, for the school.
Dubczak explained with 3D motion tracking, students can strap on sensors, move around, and the motions can be used to create motion for an animated character.
Students said making this movie already was pretty time consuming. They filmed nearly every day of the movie-making class, and took three hours to film on a Saturday.
Students also said they had to use some of their guidance periods and lunch time to re-film a few scenes.
Powell said she was still filming on the last day of class, trying to get a scene perfect.
In the end, the students said it was a group effort to make sure the film was right.
"It's crazy how everybody's talents come together," said Kolton Gilbert, a director. "You don't just need one group — actors, or editors – you need everyone."
Powell said the movie class has helped her expand her friend group.
"In this class there were so many mixes of interest," Powell said. "People with acting interests, who were doing this for fun, or people who want to direct movies when they're older. We had to work together as a team no matter where we are from."
Dubczak said he had 30 students in his movie-making class out of 84 students who applied.


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BROOKDALE NEWSROOM
Student Services Transition to an Online Environment
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Brookdale Community College needed to transition to an entirely remote learning environment while still ensuring students were provided not only with the high educational standards they were used to in the classroom but also had access to all the student services they were accustomed to utilizing and contributed to their success.
"I think we are doing better than any other community college in the state with transitioning our student services," said Dr. Yesenia Madas, associate vice president of student affairs for Brookdale Community College. "It is pretty remarkable that despite being in this environment, we were able to respond very quickly. I feel very proud that we didn't miss a beat," she said.
Academic advising is a service many Brookdale students rely on, and the department was able to quickly transition to a remote environment. "We have been able to provide our students with the services they need and expect," said Suzanne Rauso, director of academic advising and One Stop services.
Advising has been flexible with the way they are communicating students in the virtual environment. "Many of our students prefer face-to-face meetings, and we have been able to do that with Zoom, Face Time, or other technology," she said.
The use of multiple technologies to reach students and accommodate their needs seems to be a trend across the student services departments.
"We have been offering phone calls, emails and Zoom conferences in lieu of in person contact to support students," said Jessica Mangold, student success coach with the Educational Opportunity Fund (EOF) program at Brookdale.
Career and Leadership Development, another student service offered at the college, was able to continue offering students one-on-one appointments via Zoom and over the phone. According to Dr. Sarah McElroy, director of Career and Leadership Development at Brookdale, the transition to virtual services allowed the department to add even more technology available to students, such as Big Interview, which gives students the ability to practice interview skills and get feedback. In addition, the department added new ways for students to explore career options and academic majors.
In addition to offering new technology, Career and Leadership Development also worked with employers so students, as well as alumni, can continue to get updated information online about companies that are hiring. "Overall, we have gotten positive feedback about our move to online and virtual services," McElroy said.
The Admissions Team also worked with different partners to ensure the department was able to function in this virtual environment. They have been working with StriveScan, the National Association for College Admission Counseling (NACAC), and the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers (ASCRAO) as well as others to ensure Brookdale's presence at college fairs. According to Mary Beth Reilly, director of admissions for the college, having a presence at the college fairs "allows the team to meet students where they are."
Like the college fairs, tours, Open Houses and other events also transitioned to an online environment. The admissions team is offering individual appointments via Zoom and phone calls, weekly online information sessions, and Virtual Apply Days. "In this regard, prospective students have the same opportunity for visits, just remotely," said Reilly.
Brookdale Community College has worked hard to give its students, and future students, the options and services they relied on in different forms. While the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the way higher education is delivered, Brookdale ensured the health crisis did not challenge its mission of providing a high-quality education and the services students need to be successful.
Photo caption: The Career and Leadership Development team offers Brookdale students some encouragement online.
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Destinies
Light-Medium
Destinies is the first of its kind. A unique and innovative competitive story-driven RPG-like board game. Mixing a board game with an app and Scan & Play technology, Destinies guides players through an ever-changing medieval fantasy universe.
Destinies does not require a Game Master to play. Each player takes on the role of a hero on a quest competing with other players to solve mysteries and fulfil their destiny first.
The first in a new series of games, Destinies will take you on a one of a kind epic adventure like nothing you have seen before. In Destinies Your choices will change the world forever!
Designed by Michał Gołębiowski and Filip Miłuński
Published by Lucky Duck Games
Reviews of Destinies
We were really immersed in the app experience and overall story. The game is very well made, the miniatures are great and the dice look really nice too. I love the artwork of the map tiles and how the card backs give a hint as to what is there without giving too much away, although they are cards rather than the thick card we're used to in other similar games. We can't wait to play through the other scenarios and highly recommend this game to you! - Read more at S vs J Board Games
Gloomhaven (6th Printing)
Gloomhaven (6th Printing). You don't get to be the number one game on Board Game Geek by accid
Gloomhaven: Jaws of Lion
Gloomhaven: Jaws of Lion Based on the highest-rated board game of all time as rated on board game ge
Chronicles of Crime
Chronicles of Crime Chronicles of Crime is a story-driven cooperative game of crime investigation wh
Detective: A Modern Crime Board Game, Season One
Detective: A Modern Crime Board Game, Season One In Detective: A Modern Crime Board game - Season On


Reports from the UK and Washington state question suggest speed does not play a major role in child or pedestrian accidents.
On August 30, Chicago, Illinois announced the locations for fifty speed cameras in school zones and parks. Officials insist the goal of the program is to protect children from being run over by speeding drivers by heavily enforcing the posted speed limit. A report from the UK Department for Transport (DfT) using 2009 data and a report from King County, Washington using 2000 to 2003 data suggest exceeding the speed limit is not a significant cause of child or pedestrian accidents.
The DfT examined the factors that police investigators gave for 6,244 accidents in which a child pedestrian up to age 15 was injured in Great Britain in 2009. Whenever a police officer responds to the scene of an incident, he records the factors on what is known as a STATS20 form. More than one factor can be listed, so that totals can add up to more than 100 percent.
"These are the key actions and failures that in the opinion of the reporting police officer led directly to the incident," the DfT report explained. "It includes only incidents where a police officer attended the scene and reported at least one contributory factor."
In 72 percent of the accidents, investigators believed the child's failure to look properly was at least in part to blame. Another 31 percent involved reckless behavior on the part of the child, including playing in the road in 11 percent of incidents. In 13 percent of the cases, the police found the child did nothing that contributed to the accident.
On the part of the driver, 8 percent failed to look properly, and another 8 percent could not see the child because of a parked car or other obstruction. In 3 percent of cases the driver was reckless, and in less than 1 percent of cases was "traveling too fast for conditions" (which is not necessarily exceeding the posted speed limit). All together, in 71 percent of the incidents, the driver was not found to be at fault. ( view report, 350k PDF).
The results are not necessarily limited to child pedestrian incidents. King County and the city of Seattle examined reports for all pedestrian accidents from 2000 to 2003. In 45 percent of cases, investigators determined that the driver did nothing wrong, and police officers issued no ticket in more than 60 percent of cases. Inattention (14 percent), failure to yield (10 percent) and driving under the influence of alcohol (9.3 percent) were the most common causes. Speeding was only mentioned in 4 accident reports, and only one speeding ticket was issued. ( view report, 650k PDF).
According to a 2012 report by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 293 children under age 15 were killed while walking in the United States in 2010. Out of 4227 total fatalities for all ages, the pedestrian was legally drunk in one-third of the incidents. The driver was legally intoxicated 14 percent of the time. In 6 percent of the cases, a drunk driver hit a drunk pedestrian. ( view report, 1.3mb PDF).


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Asterolinon é um género botânico pertencente à família Myrsinaceae.

Espécies
Asterolinon adoense
Asterolinon eburneum
Asterolinon linum-stellatum
Asterolinon lysimachioideum
Asterolinon serpyllifolium
Asterolinon stellatum
Asterolinon trinum

Myrsinaceae
Géneros de plantas
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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NewsSelf
Home›News›Books to Unwind with this Weekend
Books to Unwind with this Weekend
When you're a trailblazing #girlboss, it's not easy to completely unplug from the work world during the weekend. For all those women looking for books to unwind with and get lost in a great page-turner, these are the new binge-worthy titles you won't be able to put down…at least until the alarm goes off on Monday morning!
The Wolves of Winter by Tyrell Johnson
After a sweeping spread of disease and a nuclear war, Lynn McBride thinks that the world as she knows it is over. Then, a mysterious stranger shows up on her homestead with a proposal that could permanently restore their society. Lynn and Jax will brave the harsh conditions of the Canadian Yukon on their quest to save the world and as Lynn steps into this new role, she'll find herself and the possibility of a new love in the process. A dangerous narrative of dark secrets and chilling revelations, The Wolves of Winter will transport you to an entirely new world this weekend.
An American Marriage by Tayari Jones
As Oprah's newest book club pick, An American Marriage brings one couple's relationship and the American justice system to the forefront. Celestial and Roy have just settled into married life when Roy is sentenced to 12 years in prison for a crime he didn't commit. Dealing with the sudden change in her life, Celestial will take comfort in the couple's friend, Andre, and begin to realize her dreams without Roy. But everything will change when his sentence is overturned after only five years. Can these two find their way back to a happy marriage or has their time apart severed their bond beyond repair?
The Great Alone by Kristin Hannah
From the #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Nightingale comes a story about resilience and the unwavering bond between mother and daughter. Leni Allbright knows her father has returned a changed man after the Vietnam War. With the family moves to Alaska, she'll bear witness to the violent consequences of his transformation. As Leni blossoms into adulthood and falls in love, she'll have to find a way to keep both her and her mother safe from the dangers of Alaska's brutal winters as well as the danger that lives within the walls of their cabin.
The Immortalists by Chloe Benjamin
This instant New York Times bestseller follows the intricate lives of the four Gold children after their encounter with a traveling psychic. Having learned about the supposed date of their deaths, Simon, Klara, Daniel and Varya all grow into their adult lives separately and live life with reckless abandon. Surrounded by haunting secrets, family expectations and magic, these siblings will learn how one bit of information can forever change their lives. This family saga is perfect for fans of Celeste Ng's Everything I Never Told You.
Things to Do When It's Raining by Marissa Stapley
If you've recently found yourself obsessing over NBC's This Is Us, this novel is the one you should have at the top of your #TBR pile. When Mae Summers's fiancé leaves her with nothing but a mysterious note, she finds that her entire life in shambles. Returning home, she'll quickly come to realize that her family is going through struggles of their own and she's the only one who can bring everyone back together. A story about family, second chances and new beginnings, Things to Do When It's Raining is the perfect read to get lost in this weekend.
Need to Know by Karen Cleveland
In this New York Times bestselling novel, Vivian Miller is a CIA analyst with a keen eye for catching Russia's most dangerous agents. On a mission to protect her country from a new looming threat, Vivian will unknowingly put both her job and her family at risk to take down the Russian sleeper cell. Vivian knows she can't save everyone, but will she be able to choose between her family and her country? For fans of Gone Girl, this novel of sacrifice, allegiance and love is the thrilling novel you'll be unable to put down once you've picked it up.
The Friend by Sigrid Nunez
If you're looking to dig into a heartwarming novel on your days off, The Friend is the book you'll want. After a woman loses her best friend to suicide, she'll be left with his Great Dane and a world's worth of grief. As she and her new canine friend learn how to navigate the world without the man they both loved, they'll begin their path to healing and moving forward together. In this emotional read, Nunez leaves her readers with much to contemplate about the bonds we rely on and the effects of grief.
Island of Sweet Pies and Soldiers by Sara Ackerman
In Sara Ackerman's debut novel, a mother and daughter band together with the women in their community to support soldiers near their military base during World War II. After the disappearance of Violet Iverson's husband, she and her daughter Ella are left to pick up the pieces of their lives. As Violet begins to think that Ella knows more than she's letting onto about her missing father, she'll come to rely on the pie stand and her new connection with a handsome marine to keep her life and family together. If you love historical fiction like The Nightingale, this new book is the read you'll want to get your hands on.
Freshwater by Akwaeke Emezi
College freshman Ada can't help the voices inside of her head and the multiple personalities that have taken over her life. After a traumatic event threatens the fragile fabric of her sanity, two protective identities will come to the forefront and protect her the best they can. Struggling to take control of her life, the young girl will start down a dangerous path that only she can save herself from. An important read about mental illness and complicated family dynamics, Freshwater is one of the year's most anticipated debut novels.
The Wife by Alafair Burke
Angela didn't think that a future with NYU professor Jason Powell was possible. But then their summer fling turned into a full-fledged relationship and then marriage. She finally gets the opportunity to move to a new place and leave behind her troubled past. Years after the beginning of their new life, two women will come forward with allegations against Jason that he claims are nonsense but when one of the women disappears, she'll have to look further into the man she shares her home with. You'll have a hard time paying attention to anything but this thriller from New York Times bestselling author Alafair Burke this weekend.
Tagsbooks for a weekend escapebooks to unwind withweekend reads
Health Benefits of Pedicures for Busy Women
Top Three Tips For Future Women Leaders
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Eww… Credit Card Debt


One of my 2013 favourite albums! Beautiful and perfectly played melodic symphonic prog by the Dutch Life Line Project.
Songs like "Let Your Outside Show Me" and "Time" have all that personal & warm touch that are so typical for the LLP sound. The voice of Marion Brinkman blends perfectly with the beautiful song structures and melodic bass lines supplied by the band.
A song like "Dans le Ciel" has both a beautiful acoustic part, filled with sparkling acoustic and 12 string guitars, sustaining fine flute and oboe arrangements, and a solid & majestic symphonic part, full of melodic guitar leads and dramatic synth passages.
"Moment" is a short, but fantastic dreamy instrumental with some great flute and piano playing, accompanied by a flock of acoustic guitars.
Main title on the album is the four part suite "Armenia" dealing with the dramatic fate suffered by the Armenian people during World War I. A masterpiece of symphonic rock with perfectly balanced keyboard parts and beautiful, but emotionally sung vocals.


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← Naked Lady of the Week: Alison Tyler
Eight Movie Posters for "Band of Outsiders" →
Notes on "Cry Danger"
Fabrizio del Wrongo writes:
"Cry Danger," the first film directed by Robert Parrish, may come closer to the wry, frugal tone of Dashiell Hammett than even Huston's adaptation of "The Maltese Falcon," which leans rather heavily — and quite successfully — on comic grotesqueness. There's little that's grotesque in "Cry Danger," though there's plenty that's comic: Screenwriter William Bowers salts the action with one-liners, and the actors reliably underplay them, winking at you through their readings. The picture has an air of studied nonchalance, one that seems to emanate from star Dick Powell. You'd call him cool if he weren't so grave.
Noir fans often debate whether Powell or Bogart best embodies the qualities of the genre's archetypal leading man. Powell has none of Bogart's romanticism, which is really a sort of idealism that's been allowed to decay and marinate in its own putrescence. He also lacks Bogart's sadism. Rather, his toughness and cynicism are aspects of his wariness, and admissions of his vulnerability. It's hard to separate Powell's peculiar self-aware quality from his looks, which even in the raggedness of middle age carried the residue of collegiate cheer. Powell's later performances are nothing if not negotiations with his '30s persona, and the way in which he allows you to sense that internal parley is sympathizing; it draws you into his humanity.
The plot features the expected skullduggery, yet the impression the movie leaves is one of cramped and curdled domesticity. The sets — a rinky trailer park, an apartment filled with atrocious knickknacks, a bookie's den with its too-neat stacks of anonymous documents — are flatly lit and have a dime-store fatigue, and the Bunker Hill locations look sort of phony even in the scenes that are shot plein-air. Cinematographer Joseph F. Biroc keeps the framing tight, so that everyone seems slightly uncomfortable, as though they're guests at a party that's started to wind down. This is probably what makes the movie feel so anxious, itchy, unsettled. It's a hang-out picture in which relaxation isn't an option.
All the secondary players are good, especially William Conrad, with his menacing smarm and eyes that blink off the beat, and Richard Erdman, who is unforgettable as a lame wino, the Panza to Powell's Quixote. Like Lew Ayres' sozzled heir in George Cukor's great adaptation of "Holiday," Erdman's drunkard has a tenderness that affects the fabric of the surrounding picture. By the movie's end we're convinced of Powell's fortitude, of his ability to stick around, but Erdman we're not so sure about. He seems in danger of sliding right off the face of the world.
There's a nice, bare-bones Blu-ray from Olive Films.
About Fabrizio del Wrongo
Recovering liberal arts major. Unrepentant movie nut. Aspiring boozehound.
View all posts by Fabrizio del Wrongo →
This entry was posted in Movies, Performers and tagged Bunker Hill, Cry Danger, Dick Powell, Film, Film Noir, Los Angeles, movies, Richard Erdman, Robert Parrish. Bookmark the permalink.


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Freedom of contract
Find sources: "Freedom of contract" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Freedom of contract is the process in which individuals and groups form contracts without government restrictions. This is opposed to government regulations such as minimum-wage laws, competition laws, economic sanctions, restrictions on price fixing, or restrictions on contracting with undocumented workers. The freedom to contract is the underpinning of laissez-faire economics and is a cornerstone of free-market libertarianism. The proponents of the concept believe that through "freedom of contract", individuals possess a general freedom to choose with whom to contract, whether to contract or not, and on which terms to contract.
2.1 Lochner v. New York
2.2 Afterward
4 Law and economics
Henry James Sumner Maine proposed that social structures evolve from roles derived from social status to those based on contractual freedom.[citation needed] A status system establishes obligations and relationships by birth, but a contract presumes that the individuals are free and equal. Modern libertarianism, such as that advanced by Robert Nozick, sees freedom of contract as the expression of the independent decisions of separate individuals pursuing their own interests under a "minimal state."[citation needed]
United StatesEdit
Lochner v. New YorkEdit
Main article: Lochner v. New York
In 1902 a New York baker named Joseph Lochner was fined for violating a state law limiting the number of hours his employees could work. He sued the state on the grounds that he was denied his right to "due process." Lochner claimed that he had the right to freely contract with his employees and that the state had unfairly interfered with this. In 1905, the Supreme Court used the due process clause to declare unconstitutional the New York state statute imposing a limit on hours of work. Rufus Wheeler Peckham wrote for the majority: "Under that provision no state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. The right to purchase or to sell labor is part of the liberty protected by this amendment."[citation needed]
Writing in dissent, Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. accused the majority of basing its decision on laissez-faire ideology. He believed that it was making law based on economics rather than interpreting the constitution. He believed that "Liberty of Contract" did not exist and that it was not intended in the Constitution.[citation needed]
AfterwardEdit
In his "Liberty of Contract" (1909), Roscoe Pound critiqued freedom-of-contract laws by laying out case after case in which labor rights were struck down by state and federal Supreme Courts. Pound argued the courts' rulings were "simply wrong" from the standpoint of common law and "even from that of a sane individualism" (482). Pound further compared the situation of labor legislation in his time to common opinion of usury and that the two were "of the same type" (484). Pound lamented that the legacy of such "academic" and "artificial" judicial rulings for liberty of contract engendered a "lost respect for the courts" but predicted a "bright" future for labor legislation (486-487).[1]
The Supreme Court applied the liberty of contract doctrine sporadically over the next three decades but generally upheld reformist legislation as being within the states' police power. In 1937 the Court reversed its view in the case West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish. In that case the court upheld a Washington state law setting a minimum wage.
United KingdomEdit
In the late 19th century, the English judiciary espoused "freedom of contract" as a generally applicable feature of public policy, best expressed in Printing and Numerical Registering Co v Sampson[2] by Sir George Jessel MR. In the later 20th century, the view of the common law had changed completely. In George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd, Lord Denning MR compared "freedom of contract" with oppression of the weak, as he outlined the development the law had undergone.
The heyday of freedom of contract
None of you nowadays will remember the trouble we had – when I was called to the Bar – with exemption clauses. They were printed in small print on the back of tickets and order forms and invoices. They were contained in catalogues or timetables. They were held to be binding on any person who took them without objection. No one ever did object. He never read them or knew what was in them. No matter how unreasonable they were, he was bound. All this was done in the name of "freedom of contract". But the freedom was all on the side of the big concern which had the use of the printing press. No freedom for the little man who took the ticket or order form or invoice. The big concern said, "Take it or leave it." The little man had no option but to take it. The big concern could and did exempt itself from liability in its own interest without regard to the little man. It got away with it time after time. When the courts said to the big concern, "You must put it in clear words", the big concern had no hesitation in doing so. It knew well that the little man would never read the exemption clauses or understand them.
It was a bleak winter for our law of contract. It is illustrated by two cases, Thompson v. London, Midland and Scottish Railway Co. [1930] 1 K.B. 41 (in which there was exemption from liability, not on the ticket, but only in small print at the back of the timetable, and the company were held not liable) and L'Estrange v. F. Graucob Ltd. [1934] 2 K.B. 394 (in which there was complete exemption in small print at the bottom of the order form, and the company were held not liable).
The secret weapon
Faced with this abuse of power – by the strong against the weak – by the use of the small print of the conditions – the judges did what they could to put a curb upon it. They still had before them the idol, "freedom of contract". They still knelt down and worshipped it, but they concealed under their cloaks a secret weapon. They used it to stab the idol in the back. This weapon was called "the true construction of the contract". They used it with great skill and ingenuity. They used it so as to depart from the natural meaning of the words of the exemption clause and to put upon them a strained and unnatural construction. In case after case, they said that the words were not strong enough to give the big concern exemption from liability; or that in the circumstances the big concern was not entitled to rely on the exemption clause. If a ship deviated from the contractual voyage, the owner could not rely on the exemption clause. If a warehouseman stored the goods in the wrong warehouse, he could not pray in aid the limitation clause. If the seller supplied goods different in kind from those contracted for, he could not rely on any exemption from liability. If a shipowner delivered goods to a person without production of the bill of lading, he could not escape responsibility by reference to an exemption clause. In short, whenever the wide words – in their natural meaning – would give rise to an unreasonable result, the judges either rejected them as repugnant to the main purpose of the contract, or else cut them down to size in order to produce a reasonable result. This is illustrated by these cases in the House of Lords: Glynn v. Margetson & Co. [1893] A.C. 351; London and North Western Railway Co. v. Neilson [1922] 2 A.C. 263; Cunard Steamship Co. Ltd. v. Buerger [1927] A.C. 1; and by Canada Steamship Lines Ltd v The King [1952] A.C. 192 and Sze Hai Tong Bank Ltd. v. Rambler Cycle Co. Ltd. [1959] A.C. 576 in the Privy Council; and innumerable cases in the Court of Appeal, culminating in Levison v. Patent Steam Carpet Cleaning Co. Ltd. [1978] Q.B. 69. But when the clause was itself reasonable and gave rise to a reasonable result, the judges upheld it; at any rate, when the clause did not exclude liability entirely but only limited it to a reasonable amount. So where goods were deposited in a cloakroom or sent to a laundry for cleaning, it was quite reasonable for the company to limit their liability to a reasonable amount, having regard to the small charge made for the service. These are illustrated by Gibaud v. Great Eastern Railway Co. [1921] 2 K.B. 426; Alderslade v Hendon Laundry Ltd [1945] K.B. 189 and Gillespie Bros. & Co. Ltd. v Roy Bowles Transport Ltd. [1973] Q.B. 400.
Law and economicsEdit
In economics, the freedom of contract has been studied in the field of contract theory. According to the Coase Theorem, the freedom of contract is beneficial in the absence of transaction costs. When two rational parties voluntarily enter into a contract, they must be (at least weakly) better off than in the absence of the contract. The parties will agree on a contract that maximizes the total surplus that they can generate. Hence, restrictions on the class of enforceable contracts can only reduce the total surplus. Yet, prohibiting certain contracts can be beneficial when there are transaction costs. For example, Spier and Whinston (1995) have shown that not enforcing a contract between two parties can be desirable when the contract has negative external effects on a third party (which does not participate in the contract due to transaction costs).[3] It has also been argued that the presence of asymmetric information can make restrictions on the freedom of contract desirable, since such restrictions can prevent inefficient distortions due to signalling and screening.[4],[5] Similarly, when there are transaction costs due to moral hazard problems, restrictions on the freedom of contract can be welfare-enhancing.[6][7] Furthermore, it can be desirable not to enforce certain contracts when agents are susceptible to cognitive biases.[8] Finally, an important problem is whether contractual parties should have the freedom to restrict their own freedom to modify their contract in the future. Schmitz (2005) and Davis (2006) argue that it can be beneficial not to enforce non-renegotiation clauses in contracts.[9],[10]
Free contract
Lochner era
Inequality of bargaining power
United States contract law
Atiyah, P.S: "The Rise and Fall of Freedom of Contract" (Oxford University Press, USA; New ed; Dec 12, 1985) ISBN 978-0-19-825527-7
Bernstein, David E.: Freedom of Contract, George Mason Law & Economics Research Paper No. 08-51 (2008)
Trebilcock, Michael J.: "The Limits of Freedom of Contract" (Harvard University Press) ISBN 978-0-674-53429-2
NotesEdit
^ Roscoe Pound, "Liberty of Contract," 18 Yale Law Journal 454 (1909).
^ (1875) 19 Eq 462, 465, regarding freedom of contract and patents
^ Spier, Kathryn E.; Whinston, Michael D. (1995). "On the Efficiency of Privately Stipulated Damages for Breach of Contract: Entry Barriers, Reliance, and Renegotiation". The RAND Journal of Economics. 26 (2): 180–202. doi:10.2307/2555912. ISSN 0741-6261. JSTOR 2555912.
^ Aghion, Philippe; Hermalin, Benjamin (1990). "Legal Restrictions on Private Contracts Can Enhance Efficiency". Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization. 6 (2): 381–409. ISSN 8756-6222. JSTOR 764783.
^ Schmitz, Patrick W. (2004). "Job protection laws and agency problems under asymmetric information". European Economic Review. 48 (5): 1027–1046. doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2003.12.007.
^ Müller, Daniel; Schmitz, Patrick W. (2021). "The right to quit work: An efficiency rationale for restricting the freedom of contract". Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. 184: 653–669. doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2021.02.004. ISSN 0167-2681.
^ Schmitz, Patrick W. (2005). "Workplace surveillance, privacy protection, and efficiency wages". Labour Economics. 12 (6): 727–738. doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2004.06.001. hdl:10419/22931.
^ Koszegi, Botond (2014). "Behavioral Contract Theory". Journal of Economic Literature. 52 (4): 1075–1118. doi:10.1257/jel.52.4.1075. ISSN 0022-0515.
^ Schmitz, Patrick W. (2005). "Should Contractual Clauses that Forbid Renegotiation Always be Enforced?". The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization. 21 (2): 315–329. doi:10.1093/jleo/ewi019. hdl:10419/22932. ISSN 8756-6222.
^ Davis, Kevin E. (2006). "The Demand for Immutable Contracts: Another Look at the Law and Economics of Contracts Modifications". New York University Law Review. 81: 487.
Freedom to Contract by Dr. Edward Younkins
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_of_contract&oldid=1058320010"
Last edited on 2 December 2021, at 20:36


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Daily Archives for April 14, 2015
We define objects and happenings primarily with measures. Measures when combined with time show the changes that occur in things. Measures are very important in recording and recreating events and happenings, through their start, duration, termination, and the rate at which these actualize.
Roman Weight of stone
Measures define things in terms of lengths, areas, volumes or weights. Measures offer comparative scaling for sensorial perceptions, define load and work capacities, and determine reach and occupancy in space.
Human body limb sizes, reach and capacities -Basis of early measure systems
There was a time, when things were measured in terms of body sizes and capacities. Long distances were measured for the travel time required, like in lunch breaks or night halts. Short distances were measured in arm lengths, cubit (the length from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger), or foot steps of the traveller. Still smaller sizes were measured with the palm, breadth of a hand, length of a finger, or width of a thumb. Finer widths were measured in terms barley grains. Volumetric measures were the holding capacity of a limb like pinch or palm. Weights were measured in grains, fruits or stone pebbles, or in terms of carrying or displacement capacity of a person or animal, such as head load, a cart load, horsepower.
A common unit of weight in Ethiopia was the load – a simple measure of the amount carried by a beast of burden such as a camel
Measures are comparative facts. A thing to be measured is compared (equated) with something similar, familiar, or with a thing that has already been calibrated. Measures based on body sizes or capacities had many individual, racial and regional variations. Other standards were changeable and perishable. These units of measures were not replicable (recreate-able) and comparable. There was no hierarchical relationship between large and small measures. The conversion from one unit size to another was, often very illogical.
During the Middle Ages, major cities had their own set of measures and the public availability of these standards allowed visiting merchants to comply with local regulations. The official Viennese ell length standards for verifying the measure of different types of cloth sold are embedded in the cathedral wall, to the left of the main entrance. The linen ell, also called Viennese yard, (89.6 centimeters (35.3 in)) and the drapery ell (77.6 centimeters (30.6 in)) length standards consist of two iron bars.
The differences were somehow equated in barter trading between neighbours. But the same process was proving to be very difficult for trade with far of regions and transacted in some form of monetary units. There was an acute need for some common measure system. Gradually each trading block concurred to a common tradition of nominal measurements. Many different localized or regional measure systems flourished. Conversion between adjunct systems was not very difficult, as the trade occurred comparatively in small lots. Conversion of measures with adjoining trade regions was managed by intermediaries like brokers, caravan masters and shippers. The inconsistencies of the measure conversions were partly solved with monetary pricing replacing the bartered trading. The monetary trade system came to replace the barter trading, where only 'universally' measured goods were evaluated in a primary standard like gold.
Caravan Traders exchanging goods
At places things were transformed to different measure systems. Like grains were measured by volume (bushel) than by weight. Textiles were traded by weight than by lengths. Liquids (oils) were sold by volume. Yet, measure systems were mutually incompatible. To compound the problem each system had a different scale of sub fractioning. The complexity multiplied when differently fractionated measure units were equated with equally varied units and sub fractions of monetary units.
Measurement of mass – the gravitational force on the measure and is balanced against the gravitational force on the weights.
This problem of differential fractioning of measures and money was sought to be solved during the French Revolution. During the French Revolution (1870), the National Assembly of France asked French Academy of Sciences to formulate a scientific and rational measure system. Such a system was expected to be:
1 neutral and universal,
2 replicable anytime and anywhere,
3 to have decimal multiples,
4 to follow common prefixes,
5 be practical and simple to use.
April 14, 2015 by Gautam Shah	Categories: Architecture, Interior Design, Technology	| Tags: Measurement Systems, Measures, Standard measures | 1 Comment


FILTROS P/ CAFE Hay 17 productos.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 12 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 16 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 18 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 20 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 22 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 24 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 26 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 28 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 30 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 32 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 34 CMS.
FILTRO CAFE DE TELA 36 CMS.


I stopped playing and when I went back into resume game, it locked up on me on the theatre section. I played the other three and when I click on the fourth one "theatre", the screen turns black and nothing happens. I don't have any trouble with the other portions of the game.


Podoblock B.V. - CR cassette solutions Archives - Podoblock B.V.
Computed radiography (CR) systems are still much in use in the veterinary world. At Podoblock we offer a complete product line in order to enable your CR system for your equine tasks, outlined for you on these pages. Click on any product below to either view product information or buy directly.


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Evolution. 2008 May;62(5):1204-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00351.x. Epub 2008 Feb 21.
Reproductive diapause and life-history clines in North American populations of Drosophila melanogaster.
Schmidt PS1, Paaby AB.
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. schmidtp@sas.upenn.edu
Latitudinal clines are widespread in Drosophila melanogaster, and many have been interpreted as adaptive responses to climatic variation. However, the selective mechanisms generating many such patterns remain unresolved, and there is relatively little information regarding how basic life-history components such as fecundity, life span and mortality rates vary across environmental gradients. Here, it is shown that four life-history traits vary predictably with geographic origin of populations sampled along the latitudinal gradient in the eastern United States. Although such patterns are indicative of selection, they cannot distinguish between the direct action of selection on the traits in question or indirect selection by means of underlying genetic correlations. When independent suites of traits covary with geography, it is therefore critical to separate the widespread effects of population source from variation specifically for the traits under investigation. One trait that is associated with variation in life histories and also varies with latitude is the propensity to express reproductive diapause; diapause expression has been hypothesized as a mechanism by which D. melanogaster adults overwinter, and as such may be subject to strong selection in temperate habitats. In this study, recently derived isofemale lines were used to assess the relative contributions of population source and diapause genotype in generating the observed variance for life histories. It is shown that although life span, fecundity and mortality rates varied predictably with geography, diapause genotype explained the majority of the variance for these traits in the sampled populations. Both heat and cold shock resistance were also observed to vary predictably with latitude for the sampled populations. Cold shock tolerance varied between diapause genotypes and the magnitude of this difference varied with geography, whereas heat shock tolerance was affected solely by geographic origin of the populations. These data suggest that a subset of life-history parameters is significantly influenced by the genetic variance for diapause expression in natural populations, and that the observed variance for longevity and fecundity profiles may reflect indirect action of selection on diapause and other correlated traits.
Cold Temperature
Drosophila melanogaster/physiology*
Environment*
Geography*
Reproduction/physiology


Hopefully you might expect to see 0.5-1m new growth by end of summer if the tree has some energy left and wasn't in too bad a state when it was cut.
Borrowed one for a day from a builder mate years ago, it weighed a ton and by the end of the day my hands were nearly numb with the vibes. But it did cut all day and never missed a beat. However it is hard to recommend a machine with no chainbrake in the 21st century ! I'd save the £40 and go to the pub instead.
Any ideas what this might be? Was thinking some kind of sorbus?. Found it in a ornamental back garden.
Make sure there are no sharp cuts etc; kittens learn to be agile beasts, they're not born that way. And yes, they will use your furniture, clothing, carpets too. You can try spraying the tree with Feliway; it does attract them but doesn't deter them from everything else. But the tree... round off the cuts, leave it as it is. When you can no longer bear the sight of slivers hanging off it and a pile of sawdust round the base get a new one.