These rules prescribe requirements for access control mechanisms, identity verification, the handling of specified types of records and participation requirements, including security requirements for healthcare provider organisations.
I, TANYA PLIBERSEK, Minister for Health, make these Rules under section 109 of the Personally Controlled Electronic Health Records Act 2012.
These Rules are the PCEHR Rules 2012.
The PCEHR Rules commence on the day after they are registered on the Federal Register of Legislative Instruments.
Access control mechanisms include default access controls and advanced access controls.
Access flag means an information technology mechanism made available by the System Operator to define access to a consumer's PCEHR.
Access list means the record associated with a consumer's PCEHR that specifies the registered healthcare provider organisations permitted to access a consumer's PCEHR.
Act means the Personally Controlled Electronic Health Records Act 2012.
Advanced access controls means the access controls that enable a registered consumer to set controls on the registered healthcare provider organisations and nominated representatives who may access the consumer's PCEHR, and the records within the PCEHR.
Consumer-entered health summary means the summary of information, including medications and allergies, that a registered consumer may enter into his or her PCEHR and which is available to anyone with access to the consumer's PCEHR.
Default access controls means the access controls that apply where a registered consumer has not set controls on the registered healthcare provider organisations or nominated representatives who may access the consumer's PCEHR.
Document code means a code which may be used to restrict access to individual records within a consumer's PCEHR in accordance with paragraph 5(1)(c).
Effectively remove, in relation to a record in a consumer's PCEHR, means rendering the record inaccessible to the consumer, their nominated representatives and any registered healthcare provider organisations involved in the care of the consumer, including in the case of a serious threat in accordance with rules 6 and 7.
Healthcare identifier has the same meaning as in section 9 of the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Identified healthcare provider has the same meaning as in the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Network hierarchy means a network of healthcare provider organisations created and managed in accordance with subsections 9A(3) to (7) of the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Network organisation has the same meaning as in the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Organisation maintenance officer has the same meaning as in the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Provider portal means the portal provided by the System Operator that permits registered healthcare provider organisations to access the PCEHR system without having to use a clinical information system.
Record code means a code which may be used to restrict access to a consumer's PCEHR in accordance with paragraph 5(1)(a).
Responsible officer has the same meaning as in the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Restore, in relation to a record, means making a record, which has previously been effectively removed, accessible to the consumer, their nominated representatives and any registered healthcare provider organisations involved in the care of the consumer in accordance with any applicable access control mechanisms, including in the case of a serious threat to an individual's life, health or safety.
Seed organisation has the same meaning as in the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Service operator has same meaning as in the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010.
Taking control, in relation to a PCEHR, has the meaning given by subrule 10(2).
Verified healthcare identifier means a healthcare identifier assigned to a consumer in relation to which the service operator has evidence, to the service operator's satisfaction, of the consumer's identity.
approved form, authorised representative, consumer, consumer-only notes, employee, nominated representative, PCEHR, PCEHR system, registered consumer, registered healthcare provider organisation, shared health summary and System Operator.
(f) permit registered healthcare provider organisations that uploaded records to a consumer's PCEHR to access those records, but only by request to the System Operator, if the healthcare provider organisation is no longer on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR.
Note: The extent of access by registered healthcare provider organisations under paragraph (a), and the extent to which they will be omitted from the access list under paragraph (d), depends on how access flags have been assigned within the healthcare provider organisation's network hierarchy― see rules 8 and 9.
in accordance with subrule (2).
(c) all records uploaded to the consumer's PCEHR are, as a default, uploaded without a document code applied to the record. Where a registered healthcare provider organisation is on the access list for a consumer's PCEHR, the System Operator must ensure that a registered consumer is able to choose whether a record uploaded by that healthcare provider organisation is uploaded with or without a document code applied to the record.
Note 1: The extent of access by registered healthcare provider organisations under paragraph (1)(a) depends on how access flags have been assigned within the healthcare provider organisation's network hierarchy― see rules 8 and 9. Once a record code has been given to a registered healthcare provider organisation, the consumer will not subsequently need to give their record code to the same organisation provided that the organisation remains on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR. Where a registered healthcare provider organisation is given a consumer's record code, and is added to the access list for the consumer's PCEHR, the other healthcare provider organisations (if any) on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR are unaffected.
Note 2: The access control specified in paragraph (1)(b) will not prevent a registered healthcare provider organisation determining if a consumer has a PCEHR if the organisation carries out a manual search of the PCEHR system. However, it will prevent the organisation's clinical information system from automatically checking and displaying whether a consumer has a PCEHR.
Note 3: If a consumer has set up a record code, that code will prevent a registered healthcare provider organisation, which is not on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR, accessing the consumer's PCEHR unless the consumer, or the System Operator at the consumer's request, gives the organisation the record code. Record codes and document codes will not prevent access to a PCEHR or a record in a PCEHR where access is permitted in the case of a serious threat under section 64 of the Act.
Note 4: While records uploaded to a consumer's PCEHR will, as a default, be uploaded without a document code applied to the record, consumers will be able to subsequently restrict access to the record by applying a document code if they wish. Consumers are able to change the default setting in relation to healthcare provider organisations on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR.
Note 5: Rule 28 provides that healthcare provider organisations must not retain a consumer's record code or document code for future use to access the consumer's PCEHR or a record in the consumer's PCEHR.
(1) The access control mechanisms established and maintained by the System Operator must permit registered healthcare provider organisations to assert to the System Operator that the circumstances in paragraph 64(1)(a) of the Act exist.
(c) must not permit access to records that have been effectively removed.
Note 1: Consumer-only notes are not available under subsection 64(1) of the Act― see subsection 64(3) of the Act.
Note 2: The extent of access by registered healthcare provider organisations under subsection 64(1) of the Act depends on how access flags have been assigned within the healthcare provider organisation's network hierarchy― see rules 8 and 9.
Note 3: Where a consumer's PCEHR registration has been suspended, paragraph 54(a) of the Act permits access to the consumer's PCEHR in the case of a serious threat under subsection 64(1) of the Act.
(1) The access control mechanisms established and maintained by the System Operator must permit registered healthcare provider organisations to assert to the System Operator that the collection, use or disclose of health information is necessary to lessen or prevent a serious threat to public health or public safety for the purposes of subsection 64(2) of the Act.
Note 1: Consumer-only notes are not available under subsection 64(2) of the Act― see subsection 64(3) of the Act.
Note 2: The extent of access by registered healthcare provider organisations under subsection 64(2) of the Act depends on how access flags have been assigned within the healthcare provider organisation's network hierarchy― see rules 8 and 9.
(d) access flags must be set and maintained in accordance with the principles in rule 9.
Note: A network hierarchy consists of a seed organisation and may include one or more network organisations― see subsections 9A(3) to (7) of the Healthcare Identifiers Act 2010. There are only two classes of healthcare provider organisations― that is, seed organisations and network organisations. A network organisation may, but is not required to, be part of the same legal entity as its seed organisation or be a related body corporate of its seed organisation. There can be one or more healthcare provider organisations within a single legal entity.
(b) arrangements within the organisation for access to health information collected by the organisation.
(2) A registered healthcare provider organisation that is a seed organisation must ensure that access flags assigned within its network hierarchy are regularly reviewed and adjusted as necessary so that their assignment remains consistent with the principles in subrule (1).
(b) following consideration under paragraph (3)(a), may by written notice request the seed organisation to make reasonable changes to the access flags within the organisation's network hierarchy, including by adding, omitting or reassigning access flags.
(4) A notice from the System Operator under paragraph (3)(b) must be consistent with the principles in subrule (1).
(5) A registered healthcare provider organisation must not unreasonably refuse to comply with a request from the System Operator under paragraph (3)(b).
Note: Rule 23 requires seed organisations to structure their network hierarchies in a manner that allows access flags to be assigned in accordance with the principles in this rule.
(b) the consumer reaching the age of 18.
(ii) if the consumer wishes to access his or her PCEHR online or adjust their PCEHR's access control mechanisms online – organised his or her own PCEHR log-in details with the System Operator.
(3) Despite paragraph (1)(b), the System Operator must not cancel access to a consumer's PCEHR for a person who is an authorised representative under subsections 6(1) or (2) of the Act if the System Operator is satisfied that the person will, when the consumer reaches the age of 18, be an authorised representative for the consumer under subsection 6(4) of the Act.
Note: Rule 17 requires the System Operator to verify the identity of a consumer where the consumer ceases to have an authorised representative.
The System Operator must suspend access to a consumer's PCEHR for all the consumer's authorised representatives and nominated representatives if informed by the service operator that the status of the consumer's healthcare identifier has been changed to deceased.
Note 1: Where the status of a consumer's healthcare identifier is deceased, this indicates that evidence of the consumer's death has been received but the service operator has not yet received formal confirmation in the form of fact of death data from the relevant State or Territory authority.
Note 2: Once the service operator informs the System Operator that the consumer's healthcare identifier has been retired (that is, fact of death data has been received), the System Operator must cancel the consumer's registration under subsection 51(6) of the Act. Where a consumer's registration is cancelled, access to the consumer's PCEHR ceases for authorised representatives and nominated representatives.
(c) the person has notified the System Operator in writing that they no longer wish to act as the consumer's authorised representative or nominated representative.
(2) The System Operator must suspend access to a consumer's PCEHR for a person who is an authorised representative or a nominated representative of the consumer if informed by the service operator that the status of the authorised representative's or nominated representative's healthcare identifier has been changed to deceased.
(3) The System Operator may suspend access to a consumer's PCEHR for a consumer's authorised representative or nominated representative while the System Operator investigates whether to take action under subrule (1).
(4) If the System Operator suspends or cancels access to a consumer's PCEHR for an authorised representative under this rule, the System Operator must also suspend or cancel access to the consumer's PCEHR for all nominated representatives.
Note 1: Not all nominated representatives will have a healthcare identifier― see subsection 7(3) of the Act.
Note 2: Where access to a consumer's PCEHR is cancelled for a nominated representative under subrule (4), any remaining authorised representative may agree with a person that that person is to be a nominated representative for the consumer.
(1) Until a decision is made under subrule (3), the System Operator must suspend access to a consumer's PCEHR for all a consumer's authorised representatives and nominated representatives if the System Operator is notified of a claim that an authorised representative is not eligible to be the consumer's authorised representative.
(2) The notice in subrule (1) must be given in the approved form.
(b) restore access to the consumer's PCEHR for a person if the System Operator is satisfied that the person remains eligible to be the consumer's authorised representative.
(4) If the System Operator cancels access to a consumer's PCEHR for a person under paragraph (3)(a), the System Operator must also cancel access to the consumer's PCEHR for all nominated representatives.
Note 1: A decision about whether a person is or is not the authorised representative of a consumer is made by the System Operator under section 6 of the Act. Paragraph 97(1)(a) of the Act gives a right of review in relation to such decisions.
(b) the System Operator is satisfied that suspending access would be likely to reduce the risk to the individual's life, health or safety.
(b) the day on which the System Operator is notified in writing by the authorised representative who lodged the notification in paragraph (1)(a) that there is no longer a risk to the individual's life, health or safety.
Note 1: A decision to suspend access under rule 14 would not prevent a decision being made to suspend access under rule 13 if a claim about an authorised representative's eligibility is notified to the System Operator under subrule 13(1) within the 30 day period. In such circumstances, access could, if necessary, continue to be suspended after the 30 day period specified in subrule 14(2) ends.
Note 2: A decision to suspend access under rule 14 would not prevent a decision being made under subsection 51(1) of the Act to cancel or suspend a consumer's registration on request.
(b) the access control mechanisms that were in place for the consumer's PCEHR immediately before any suspension or cancellation of access to the consumer's PCEHR occurred.
(1) For the purposes of paragraph 41(1)(c) of the Act, the System Operator must be satisfied that the consumer has a verified healthcare identifier.
(2) Subrule (1) does not limit the matters to which the System Operator may have regard when satisfying itself that the identity of a consumer has been appropriately verified.
(1) For the purposes of paragraph 109(7)(b) of the Act, if a consumer ceases to have an authorised representative the System Operator must require the consumer to verify his or her identity before the consumer is able to take control of their PCEHR.
(2) Subrule (1) does not apply if the consumer has previously verified his or her identity with the System Operator.
(3) In deciding whether a consumer has verified his or her identity under subrule (1), the System Operator may have regard to any relevant matter.
Note: Subrule 10(2) specifies when a consumer takes control of his or her PCEHR.
For the purposes of paragraph 45(b)(ii) of the Act, all records other than shared health summaries are specified.
Note: The Act and the Personally Controlled Electronic Health Records Regulation 2012 place restrictions on the uploading of records to the PCEHR system.
(b) affects, or is likely to affect, the security or integrity of the PCEHR system.
(2) A participant in the PCEHR system who is given a direction under subrule (1) must comply with the direction.
(ii) the replacement record addresses the System Operator's concerns specified in the notice.
(4) Nothing in subrule (1) affects by implication the System Operator's functions or powers to manage the PCEHR system.
(1) This rule applies to an entity that is, or at any time was, a registered repository operator or a registered portal operator.
(2) If the entity's registration under Division 3 of Part 3 of the Act is cancelled, the entity must not transfer or dispose of health records held by the entity for PCEHR purposes without the prior written approval of the System Operator.
(ii) the organisation's organisation maintenance officer.
(d) healthcare provider organisations ensure that their organisation maintenance officers establish and maintain with the service operator an accurate and up-to-date list of all identified healthcare providers who are individuals who are authorised to access the PCEHR system via or on behalf of the organisation using the provider portal.
For paragraph 43(b) of the Act, it is a requirement that a seed organisation ensure that its network hierarchy be established and maintained in a manner that permits the assignment of access flags in accordance with rules 8 and 9.
For paragraph 43(b) of the Act, it is a requirement that a healthcare provider organisation comply with the requirements specified in this Division in order to be eligible, and remain eligible, for registration under Division 2 of Part 3 of the Act.
(1) Healthcare provider organisations must have a written policy that reasonably addresses the matters specified in subrule (4).
(2) Healthcare provider organisations must communicate the policy mentioned in subrule (1), and ensure that the policy remains readily accessible, to all its employees and to any healthcare providers to whom the organisation supplies services under contract.
Example: A healthcare provider organisation that supplies information technology services to individual healthcare providers, via which those providers access the PCEHR system, must communicate the policy to the providers.
(3) Healthcare provider organisations must enforce the policy mentioned in subrule (1) in relation to all its employees and any healthcare providers to whom the organisation supplies services under contract.
(e) mitigation strategies to ensure PCEHR-related security risks can be promptly identified, acted upon and reported to the healthcare provider organisation's management.
(5) If in the reasonable opinion of a healthcare provider organisation, a requirement in subrule (4) is not applicable to the organisation due to the limited size of the organisation, the organisation's policy need not address that requirement.
(d) a record of each iteration of the policy mentioned in subrule (1) is retained in accordance with the record keeping obligations (if any) applicable to the healthcare provider organisation.
(1) The System Operator may request in writing that a healthcare provider organisation give it a copy of the policy mentioned in subrule 25(1).
(2) A healthcare provider organisation must comply with a request from the System Operator under this rule within 7 days of receiving the request.
(3) The System Operator may request a healthcare provider organisation's current policy or the policy that was in force on a specified date.
(e) suspending a user account that enables access to the PCEHR system as soon as practicable after becoming aware that the account or its password or access mechanism has been compromised.
Healthcare provider organisations must ensure that people using their information technology systems to access the PCEHR system via or on behalf of the organisation do not record, store or retain a copy of a consumer's record code or document code for the purposes of accessing the consumer's PCEHR, or a record in the consumer's PCEHR, in the future.
Note: Where a record code or document code is used to access a PCEHR or a record in a PCEHR, the code is not stored in the healthcare provider organisation's clinical information system. For example, using a record code places the organisation on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR, and information about this permitted access is stored by the System Operator. It will not be necessary for a healthcare provider organisation to enter the record code each time access is needed to the same consumer's PCEHR, provided the organisation remains on the access list for the consumer's PCEHR.
(1) If the System Operator considers that the security or integrity of the PCEHR System has been, or may be, compromised by the information technology systems of a participant in the PCEHR system, the System Operator may suspend the participant's access to the PCEHR system with immediate effect.
(2) In this rule, the information technology systems of a participant in the PCEHR system include the credentials that enable a participant's identity to be authenticated in electronic transmissions.
(3) The System Operator must notify in writing a participant whose access to the PCEHR system has been suspended under subrule (1).
(b) the steps that the System Operator requires the participant to take before the participant's access to the PCEHR system is restored.
(5) The System Operator must restore access to the PCEHR system for a participant whose access was suspended under subrule (1) as soon as practicable after the System Operator is satisfied that the participant's information technology systems no longer compromise, or may compromise, the security or integrity of the PCEHR system.
Nothing in rule 29 affects the registration of a participant in the PCEHR system under the Act.


text:
Myra H. Mcilvain
Author of Award-Winning Stein House, historical fiction set in the 19th C Texas seaport of Indianola that blew away in the 1886 hurricane.
#Texas Historical Marker
THE BIG THICKET OF TEXAS
Posted by myrahmcilvain
A Texas historical marker on FM 770, a few miles east of Saratoga in deep East Texas, credits Lancelot "Lance" Rosier with being one of the individuals responsible for the creation of the Big Thicket National Preserve, a sprawling wonderland of biodiversity so unique that UNESCO designated the region a Biosphere Reserve in 1981.
A self-taught naturalist, Lance Rosier was born and grew up in the heart of the Big Thicket. As a child he roamed the forest, grew familiar with every trail; he knew every baygall (shallow, stagnant water), and the name of every plant. An avid reader of botanical publications, he became the foremost authority on the flora of the Big Thicket. Rosier served as a guide for Hal B. Parks and Victor L. Cory, botanists in the 1930s who authored the Biological Survey of the East Texas Big Thicket, the "Bible" of those wishing to preserve the area.
Lance Rosier, "Mr. Big Thicket"
Original Big Thicket covering much of Southeast Texas
The Big Thicket has always presented a challenge to those who wanted to exploit its riches and to men like Rosier who worked to preserve its unique character. As early as the 17th Century, when Texas was part of the Spanish Colonial Empire, the forest of ninety-eight-foot longleaf pine trees measuring up to six feet in diameter towered over dense growths of six-foot palmetto trees, beech trees, fern, cacti, orchids, and carnivorous plants. The padres who established Spanish missions in East Texas traveled a route that circled north of the 3.5 million-acre swath of Southeast Texas that sprawled from near Nacogdoches to near present Beaumont.
Long before the Spanish arrived, mound-building Caddo Indians and other tribes from along the Gulf coast used the thicket for hunting deer, bear, panthers, and wolves. At the end of the 18th Century, Alabama and Coushatta Indians migrated into the region and settled in the thicket in the 1830s.
Called "the thicket" because of the dense plant growth and cypress swamps, the region offered ideal hiding places for emigrants coming to Texas to escape legal problems such as bankruptcy and criminal charges in the United States. During the Civil War, when the Confederate government began conscription in 1862, men who did not want to join the army, men who did not own slaves and saw no reason to fight for big plantation owners, hid out in the thicket. They survived on the abundance of fish, small game, and wild berries. They set up secret locales where their families brought them coffee and tobacco in exchange for honey, wild game, and fish the families sold in nearby Beaumont.
Lance Rosier grew up listening to the stories about the thicket and the timber barons who began clear-cutting the forests in the mid-1800s and turned the region into a lumber bonanza after the railroad arrived in the 1880s. By the time Spindletop blew in south of Beaumont in 1901, the thicket had been reduced to about 300,000 acres and the oil industry brought more frantic development into the area.
After serving in the army in World War I, Rosier returned to his homeland and worked as a timber cruiser (someone who measures a plot of forest to estimate the quality and quantity of timber in that stand) and he led Big Thicket tours for anyone seeking his expertise including scientists, photographers, students, scholars, and conservationists. Rosier also led politicians such as Texas Governor Price Daniel and Speaker of the U.S. House Sam Rayburn as they explored possibilities of making the Big Thicket a Texas state park.
A shy and retiring little man, Rosier is said to have lent a sense of spiritual zeal to his quest to save the thicket. He cataloged hundreds of species of new plants and discovered plants that had been considered extinct. Rosier worked with the original East Texas Big Thicket Association that began in 1927 hoping to save the land and waterways. When that project met political headwinds, he led a new movement that became the Big Thicket Association in the early 1960s.
Remaining units of the Big Thicket National Preserve
Lance Rosier died in 1970, four years before his dream came true. Congress passed a bill in 1974 to establish the first national preserves in this country––the 84,550-acre Big Thicket National Preserve and the Big Cypress National Preserve in Florida. The Big Thicket is a string of nine separate land units and several creek corridors. Today, the Lance Rosier Unit at 25,024 acres is the largest and most diversified preserve in the thicket. It encompasses the land where Rosier was born and roamed as a child.
Cypress Swamp, Rosier Preserve
Greg Lasley, Nature Photographer
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Posted in Conservation, Historical Markers, Uncategorized
Tagged #Big Thicket, #Biosphere Reserve, #Lance Rosier, #National Preserve, #Texas Historical Marker, #UNESCO
Victoria, A Mexican Colony
Soon after winning independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico began issuing empresarial grants, contracts allowing men to bring settlers into Mexico's northernmost state of Texas. Ironically, of the forty-one empresarial grants issued between 1821 and 1832, only one went to a
Don Martin De Leon
Mexican. Don Martín De León and his wife Doña Patricia De León were wealthy descendants of aristocratic Spanish families who had immigrated to New Spain in 1750. De León received his empresarial grant in April 1824 to settle forty-one Mexican families "of good moral character" on the lower Guadalupe River. He had been in Texas since 1805, operating ranches along and south of the Nueces River and driving huge herds of cattle to market in New Orleans.
De León's land lay southwest of Stephen F. Austin's grant, the first and most successful of the colonies. De León named his settlement Nuestra Señora Guadalupe de Jesús Victoria, after the first president of the Republic of Mexico. The families began arriving in 1824 and received a town lot, one league (4,228 acres) of land for grazing, and a labor (177 acres) for farming. Upon completion of the colonization, the empresario received five leagues.
One of De León's sons-in-law platted the town of Victoria, and the empresario designated the main street "La Calle de los Diez Amigos" (The Street of Ten Friends) for the ten homes of citizens who were charged with the welfare of the settlement. Three of the ten friends were his sons-in-law and two were his sons. Not all the colonists were Mexicans; sixteen families, primarily Irish immigrants, also settled in the colony.
A devout Catholic, De León brought in priests from La Bahía (present Goliad), Nacogdoches, and San Antonio until the founding in late 1824 of St. Mary's Catholic Church. The colonists built a school and a fort, organized a militia, and started a courier service with its Austin Colony neighbor.
De León's five-league ranch, which spread along Garcitas Creek in present southeastern Victoria County, probably included the land where the Frenchman La Salle built Fort St. Louis in 1685. Many claim DeLeón's cattle brand, which he had
De Leon Cattle Brand
registered in 1807, was the first in Texas. It consisted of a connected E and J meaning "Espiritu de Jesús, the brand used by Jesuits for hundreds of years and adopted by the De León family in Spain.
From the beginning, De León, a wealthy and cultured man, looked with disdain at the Americans in surrounding colonies. His attitude and the preferential treatment he received as a Mexican citizen added to tensions among the neighboring settlements. The boundaries of his colony were not clearly drawn and in disputes with other colonies, the Mexican courts usually sided with De León. The ensuing squabbles led to hatred and mistrust between De León and Green DeWitt whose colony at Gonzales lay just to the north. And De León tried unsuccessfully to have the government annul the grant for an Irish colony to the south.
De León died at age 68 in the 1833 cholera epidemic, leaving his wife and ten children an estate of about a half million dollars. His sons completed the settlement, which made the De León and the Austin colonies the only two in Texas to fulfill their empresarial agreement.
The family members were strong Federalists and as troubles brewed with the Centralists government under the dictator Antonio López de Santa Anna, the De Leóns sided with the Texans who supported independence. The De Leóns took part in all the plans for the revolution; they served in the army or helped in other ways to aid the Texas cause. They contributed enough to the war that when Gen. José de Urrea occupied Victoria after the massacre at Goliad, the De Leóns were treated as traitors.
Despite their support, after Texas won independence, Anglo-Americans began coming into Texas looking for land and charging the De Leóns as Mexican sympathizers. After the murder of one son and the severe injury of another, the family, one of the wealthiest in Texas, left all behind and fled to safety in New Orleans. Three years later, the oldest son Don Fernando De León returned to Victoria and spent the remainder of his life in unsuccessful litigation for the return of the family's property.
In 1972 a Texas historical marker was placed in Victoria's Evergreen Cemetery honoring the De León family. Attendees at the dedication included Patricia De León, great-granddaughter of the empresario, and Dr. Ricardo Victoria, great-grandson of President Guadalupe Victoria for whom the town is named.
Posted in Austin's Colony, Empresarios, Historical Markers, Land Grants, Mexican Land Grants, Texas Historical Marker, Texas Ranchers
Tagged #Cattle brands, #Empresarios, #Texas Historical Marker, #Victoria, Mexican Land Grants, TX
Nobility in Big Spring
Texas claims its share of frontier characters—buffalo hunters, Indian fighters, gunslingers, and cowboys—who roamed and sometimes helped settle the vast western regions. The remittance man, although a less well-known frontier character, represents a few hundred wealthy Europeans, mostly Englishmen, who found themselves exiled in the wilds of West Texas. Although these nobles lost their positions at home, their families continued financial maintenance (remittance) in an apparent effort to keep them out of sight.
Heneage Finch, 7th Earl of Aylesford
Joseph Heneage Finch, Seventh Earl of Aylesford, fits the bill as a remittance man. He held claim to one of the finest estates in England until his life blew up in a scandal that shook British nobility, including such personages as the Prince of Wales (future King Edward VII), and Lord Blandford Churchill, uncle of the future Sir Winston Churchill. It seems Finch accompanied the Prince of Wales on a goodwill trip to India in 1875-76 only to abruptly leave his sponsor and return home to confront his unfaithful wife and her lover. A divorce followed that shook the highest levels of English society. Finch lost his estate, and he left for adventure in America.
Upon arriving in New York, Finch met Jay Gould, president of the Texas & Pacific Railroad, who described the cheap land and good turkey and antelope hunting in West Texas.
With former buffalo hunter John Birdwell serving as his guide, the earl bought a 37,000-acre ranch northeast of the new railroad town of Big Spring in 1883 and stocked it with $40,000 worth of cattle. Birdwell warned Finch that cowboys "don't cater to big names and such, so we'll just call you 'Judge.' " The Judge became popular with the local cowhands for his tales of hunting in India with the Prince of Wales and for footing the bill for their drinking parties.
Storytellers say Finch bought a saloon, tended bar himself, and at the end of the party gave the establishment back to its former owner. We know he satisfied his yen for mutton, which did not sit well with local cowboys and cattlemen, by building his own meat market, the first permanent building in Big Spring. He lined the walls of his lodge with an amazing collection of hunting gear and after the structure burned, he bought the Cosmopolitan Hotel. Some folks say he bought the hotel because he and his friends needed a place to party for one night. He gave the hotel back the next day with the understanding that there would always be a room for him and his buddies. On January 13, 1885, after throwing a lavish Christmas dinner and drinking party that lasted two weeks, the Seventh Earl of Aylesford died in his hotel room at the age of 36.
A Texas Historical Marker in Big Spring tells the English nobleman's story.
Texas Historical Marker, Big Spring
Tagged #English Nobility, #Texas Historical Marker, #Texas tales
Waco's Suspension Bridge
After the Civil War, Waco was a struggling little town of 1,500 nestled on the west bank of the Brazos River. No bridges crossed the Brazos, the longest body of water in Texas. During floods, days and even weeks passed before travelers as well as cattle on the Shawnee and Chisholm trails could safely cross the river. Although money was scarce and times were hard during recovery from the war, a group of businessmen formed Waco Bridge Company and secured a twenty-five-year contract to construct and operate the only toll bridge for five miles up and down the river.
John A. Roebling and Son of New York designed the 475-foot structure, one of the longest suspension bridges in the world at that time. Waco's bridge served as the prototype for Roebling's much-longer Brooklyn Bridge completed in 1883.
The fledgling Waco company ran into problems from the beginning. Work started in the fall of 1868 with costs, originally estimated at $40,000, growing to $140,000 as the investors continued to issue new stock offerings. The nearest railroad stopped at Millican, over 100 miles away, which meant that coils of wire and cable, steel trusses, and custom-made bolts and nuts had to be hauled to Waco by ox wagon over rutted, sandy roads. The contractor floated cedar trees down the Brazos for shoring up the foundation in the unstable riverbed. Local businesses made the woodwork and the bricks.
The bridge opened to traffic in January 1870 with tolls of ten cents for each animal and rider; loose animals and foot passengers crossed for five cents each; and sheep, hogs, or goats crossed for three cents each. It was not long until residents on the far side of the river began complaining about the tolls. Businessmen who used the facility joined them in their protests.
Landowners along the river began allowing cattlemen, travelers, and local citizens to cut across their property to reach the fords on the river. The uproar increased for the next nineteen years, until September 1889, when the Waco Bridge Company sold the structure to McLennan County for $75,000 and the county gave the bridge to the city.
Vehicles continued using the bridge, without paying a toll, until 1971 when it was converted to a pedestrian crossing. Today lovely, shaded parkland edges both sides of the river and the bridge enjoys a listing on the National Register of Historic Places and designation by a Texas Historical marker.
Posted in Bridge, Cattle Trails, Chisholm Trail, History, National Register, Texas Historical Marker, Texas tale, Toll Bridge, Trails, TX, Waco
Tagged #Brazos River, #Cattle drives, #Chisholm Trail, #National Register, #Shawnee Trail, #Suspension Bridge, #Texas Historical Marker, #Toll Bridge, #Waco
Bose Ikard, Black Cowboy
More than a quarter of the cowboys in the 19th century were black and Bose Ikard became one of the most famous frontiersmen and trail drivers in Texas. Born on a
Bose Ikard
Mississippi slave plantation in 1843, Bose Ikard moved to Texas when he was nine years old with his master Dr. Milton Ikard. The family settled in Parker County, just west of Fort Worth, where Bose learned to farm, ranch, and fight the ever-present Indians. Even after becoming a freedman at the end of the Civil War, Bose stayed with his master's family until 1866 when Dr. Ikard wrote a letter of recommendation for Bose to work as a trail driver for Oliver Loving and his partner Charles Goodnight. Bose joined the already famous Goodnight-Loving Cattle Trail over which about eighteen men drove cattle more than 2,000 miles from Texas through New Mexico to Colorado.
After Loving's death from injuries in an Indian fight in 1867, Bose continued to work for Goodnight and earned his employer's respect and abiding friendship.
Goodnight is quoted as saying: "Bose surpassed any man I had in endurance and stamina. There was a dignity, cleanliness and reliability about him that was wonderful. His behavior was very good in a fight and he was probably the most devoted man to me that I ever knew. I have trusted him farther than any man. He was my banker, my detective, and everything else in Colorado, New Mexico, and the other wild country. The nearest and only bank was in Denver, and when we carried money, I gave it to Bose, for a thief would never think of robbing him. Bose could be trusted farther than any living man I know."
Larry McMurtry patterned his 1985 Pulitzer Prize-winnning western novel Lonesome Dove and the 1989- TV mini-series after the adventures of the Goodnight-Loving Trail, modeling the character Deets (played by Danny Glover) after Bose Ikard.
J. Evetts Haley in Charles Goodnight, Cowman and Plainsman relates Goodnight's account of Bose Ikard's rugged endurance, ability as a nightrider, and skill at turning a stampeding herd.
When Bose decided to leave the trail and marry in 1868 Charles Goodnight advised him to settle on a farm near Weatherford an area west of Fort Worth that continued to be plagued by Indian attacks. In 1869 Bose rode with his former master Dr. Milton Ikard in a running battle against Quanah Parker, leader of the aloof and warlike Quahada Comanches who for a decade had refused to move to a reservation.
Bose and his wife Angelina had six children and continued over the years welcoming Goodnight to their home. After Bose died on January 4, 1929, Charles Goodnight had a granite marker placed at his friend's grave in Greenwood Cemetery. It reads: "Bose Ikard served with me four years on the Goodnight-Loving Trail, never shirked a duty or disobeyed an order, rode with me in many stampedes, participated in three engagements with Comanches, splendid behavior."
A Texas Historical marker also stands beside Bose Ikard's gravesite.
Posted in Battles, Black Cowboys, Cattle Trails, Civil War, Cowboys, Ex-Slave, Historical Markers, History, Indian attack, Indians, Ranching, Slave, Texas Historical Markers, Texas tale, TX, West Texas
Tagged #Black Cowboys, #Cattle drives, #Cowboys, #Ex-slave, #Goodnight-Loving Cattle Trail, #J. Evettts Haley, #Larry McMurtry, #Lonesome Dove, #Texas Historical Marker, #Weatherford
A CENTURY OF CHAUTAUQUA
An octagonal-shaped wooden building in Waxahachie began hosting hundreds and then thousands of enthusiastic farmer families and small-town residents from all over North Texas when it opened in 1902. They came in wagons and on horseback to camp out for a week to ten days; they slept in tents and under their wagons; and for the first time in their lives they enjoyed a chance to hear humorists, watch jugglers, listen to statesmen talk of patriotism and actors read Shakespeare.
Before the turn of the last century, a few Waxahachie residents reported with great excitement their travels to the famous summer adult education center on Chautauqua Lake in western New York State where they heard speakers, musicians, preachers, and scientists.
Organized in 1874 by a Methodist preacher and a businessman, Chautauqua started as a training program for Sunday school teachers in an outdoor summer camp setting. It grew in popularity and soon "daughter" Chautauquas began springing up all over the United States. In the early days, the most popular lectures were inspirational and reform speeches. Over the years, the fare lightened with the addition of current events, story-telling, and travelogues—often in a humorous vein.
The first Waxahachie Chautauqua Summer Assembly met in 1900 in a pavilion constructed along a creek in West End Park. More than 75 tents dotted the landscape that first year. With the completion in 1902 of the 2500-seat Chautauqua auditorium, the pavilion became a dining hall. The new all-wood building, constructed at a cost of $2750, boasted large wooden windows that slid upward into the wall to create an open-air facility, which boasted electric lights. Drinking water came from a large, nearby water tank. At times crowds from 5,000 to 7,000 milled in and around the building. Buggies often pulled up beside the windows to offer extra seating and at least once, tents stretched out from the windows to protect the audience standing outside from the summer sun.
The list of programs and the response of the audiences paints a clear picture of how eagerly rural and small-town residents grasped for an opportunity to know about the world and to be challenged with new information in those days before widespread communication. A professor from Trinity University captivated the audience with experiments showing the many uses of liquid air. A group of local men shared their world travels with a packed auditorium and people standing in the windows. In 1906 a standing-room-only crowd arrived for a demonstration of wireless telegraphy. A packed house paid fifty cents a ticket to hear William Jennings Bryant, the famous populist orate on "The Price of a Soul."
The attendees enjoyed plenty of social life. A Chautauqua Parlor offered popular piano and vocal solos and tables set up for games of Forty-Two. The local Young Men's Chautauqua erected a social tent complete with electric fans and ice water. Later, they added sofas and rugs. The group became known as the "matrimonial agency" because of the number of couples that met at the social tent and later married.
Music brought in crowds especially when the U.S. Marine Band performed in 1914. Scottish music and the Highland Fling became a 1922 hit. The next year an electrical storm interrupted for twenty-five minutes a lecture and demonstration of electricity and the radio. John Phillip Sousa changed his schedule at the last minute in 1925 and crossed out Waxahachie on his hand-written itinerary and in its place wrote "Korsikana," obviously meaning the lucky town of Corsicana a few miles down the road.
World War I themes turned to patriotism and the war effort. A war tax boosted the new ticket price of $2.50. A 1918 program highlighted war inventions–two-wheel automobiles or gyrocars, airplanes with gyroscopes, ultra-violet rays, and hearing torpedoes—for a spellbound audience.
By the 1920s at the height of its popularity, twenty-one companies operated ninety-three Chautauqua circuits in the United States and Canada. Often, one performer finished his presentation and left for the train as another arrived. When circuits began booking performers, access opened to New York City actors presenting plays such as "The Melting Pot," "Little Women," and Gilbert and Sullivan's "Pinafore."
By 1926 the talent began arriving via automobile, which caused one performance to be cancelled because the actors coming from their show in Ardmore, Oklahoma, ran into bad roads and did not make it in time for the production. Will Rogers the cowboy humorist, on his third U.S. tour, made a stop in Waxahachie in 1927. As the audience waited for his show, they listened in delight to a radio program amplified with music. Although he spoke for 101 minutes, some in attendance left disappointed because he did not do his famous trick roping, for which he named himself the "poet lariat."
Several cultural, social, and financial events—advent of the automobile, the popularity of the radio, and the Great Depression–began a slow erosion in the attendance at Chautauqua. Ticket sales declined, forcing local supporters to underwrite more and more of the Chautauqua expenses. By 1930 the Chautauqua Assembly in Waxahachie came to an end.
The old building slowly declined and its door shuttered in 1971 as the city considered tearing it down. Members of the community formed the Chautauqua Preservation Society and began fund raising to restore the building. The Texas Historical Commission awarded the building a state historical marker, and it was placed n the National Register of Historic Places.
In 1975, with the restoration complete, the grand old building reopened with a July 4 celebration. It serves today as a city auditorium hosting reunions, conferences, civic and educational events, and high school graduations. The Fort Worth Symphony performs several times a year. And a new generation has a visual reminder of an era when people came from miles around, eager for a sampling of the latest in culture and entertainment.
Posted in Historic Preservation, History, Humor, National Register of Historic Places, Texas Historical Markers
Tagged #Chautauqua, #humorist, #Restoration, #Texas Historical Marker, #Waxahachie, #Will Rogers, national register of historic places
AIRSHIP FLYS BEFORE WRIGHT BROTHERS?
Residents in the East Texas town of Pittsburg house in the local museum a full-size replica of the Ezekiel Airship, which many old timers declare flew almost a year before the Wright brother's claim to fame at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Burrell Cannon, a mechanical genius and part-time Baptist preacher, inspired by the first and tenth chapters of Ezekiel in which the prophet writes of angelic vehicles composed of wheels within wheels, worked over twenty years building models and improving his design for a flying machine. In 1901, Cannon convinced Pittsburg businessmen to establish the Ezekiel Airship Manufacturing Company and issue stock for twenty thousand dollars to underwrite the project.
Employees of the Pittsburg Foundry and Machine Company built the airship between March and October 1902. Its engine turned four sets of paddles, which powered large, fabric-covered wings—incorporating a compulsion force similar to a helicopter.
Local residents claim seeing the airship fly for about 160 feet at a height of ten to twelve feet. A former machine shop worker admitted that one Sunday, when Cannon and the other investors were out of town, the employees took the plane out to the field across from the shop and he flew it. All the conspirators, fearing the loss of their jobs, made a pact not to tell anyone. If the story is true, it explains why no newspaper coverage exists and why officials of the company denied the flight.
On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers made their famous flight.
The next year investors loaded the Ezekiel on a flatbed railroad car for a trip to the St. Louis World's Fair. As the train neared Texarkana, a fierce storm blew the airship off the railcar and destroyed it.
The Reverend Cannon did not attempt another flight until 1913 in Chicago when his new craft flew only a few feet, hit a telephone pole, and received damage to the bottom of the ship. The Reverend, declaring God had not willed the airship to fly, promptly gave up the project.
A Texas Historical Marker tells the story in Pittsburg at Fulton and South Market streets beside the railroad tracks.
Posted in Flight, Texas Historical Markers, Texas tale, Wright Brothers
Tagged #Flight, #Texas Historical Marker, #Wright Brothers, Texas tale
These tales are told with a Texas twang. I include stories of real people that I discovered while writing books about famous and infamous Texas sites and writing Historical Markers posted along Texas roadways. Yes, real people write the words you see on those highway markers.
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A pécsi 43-as jelzésű autóbusz a Főpályaudvar és Reménypuszta között közlekedik nagyárpádi betérővel.

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A járatot 2019. június 15-én indították egyes hétvégi 41-es és 42-es buszok helyett.

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Home / President / Sack Muntaka from Parliament, he has overstayed – Nana Addo
ghanapolitics October 14, 2019 President Leave a comment 20 Views
President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo has said the Minority Chief Whip and Member of Parliament(MP) for the Asawase Constituency, Mohammed Mubarak Muntaka has lost his substance to continue serving as a legislator and so must be replaced, MyNewsGh.com reports.
The president was addressing a gathering of Zongo chiefs and a section of the people of Asawase on the second day of his tour of the Ashanti region when he made the remarks.
"I know it's not yet time to campaign for the upcoming elections but you benefit more if you start the work early" he said.
The president further told the gathering that, "Muntaka has stayed too long in the Parliament House; he has nothing new to do there so allow another person to also go there and try so that we can realise the development that we want"; the crowd responded with loud cheers.
The President's comments are, however, a deviation from the initiative of the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs, in which the minister, Osei Kyei Mensah Bonsu has been working with civil society to get the high attrition rate in Ghana's Parliament in check.
Osei Kyei Mensah Bonsu the Member of Parliament(MP) for Suame, who would be seeking a seventh term believes that, "Parliament is as strong as its members make it", and describes the high attrition rate as "a shameful blot on Ghana's political system", calling on political parties to protect sitting MPs from losing their seats to new entrants.
Some of his constituents are however calling for his replacement; they say there is not much to show for, for the 24 years that he would be representing them in Parliament.
Our checks, however, indicate that, the New Patriotic Party (NPP) would let him stand unopposed in the upcoming primaries.
There are other MPs on the ticket of the NPP serving currently in Parliament who are seniors to Muntaka Mubarak but are likely to seek reelection in 2020.
Adansi Asokwa MP, Kobina Tahir Hammond and Assin Central MP, Kennedy Ohebe Agyapong both entered the house in 2000; five years before Muntaka.
Mohammed Muntaka Mubarak entered Parliament in 2005 after winning a bye-election to replace the late Dr Gibril Adamu Mohammed.
Barring any changes, he would be facing off with Alidu Seidu, the Municipal Chief Executive (MCE) of Asokore Mampong for the second time.
Both men were chosen by their respective parties by popular acclamation to contend for the Asawase seat in the 2020 parliamentary elections.
Nana Akufo Addo also advised the youth of Asawase to be submissive to authority and listen to advice from the elderly so that there would lasting peace and development in the Asawase area.
Source: mynewsgh.com
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Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has told Ed Woodward to push through the signing of Harry Maguire this summer, reports claim.
The Leicester and England centre-back has been on United's radar for some time, with Jose Mourinho keen to land him last summer.
Leicester refused to sell him but United have retained an interest in landing the 26-year-old.
Foxes boss Brendan Rogers admitted his side were 'prepared' for interest from the Red Devils this summer, but Woodward and co. were awaiting the green light from Solskjaer to make any formal bid.
But after assessing his squad Solskjaer has now instructed vice-chairman Woodward to land the England World Cup hero, according to the Daily Star.
Maguire is thought to be keen on a move to Old Trafford and has given out signals he's willing to force through a deal.
He expects to double his current wages to about £140,000-a-week, while the prospect of landing trophies and playing in Europe on a regular basis is a major selling point.
His current contract at the King Power Stadium expires in 2023 and Leicester are expected to hold out for a big fee.
But United have been given Solskjaer's seal of approval to go out and get him at all costs.


While rattling through my archive of articles for Play Tech Magazine in search of samples to secure some freelance work, I came across our woefully unpublished Alone in the Dark: Inferno review for the PS3. It was meant to go into the February issue, and the highlight of the article was a little in-depth comparison we did between the original Xbox 360/PC versions and the PS3 to discuss why the developers made the changes they did.
In a way, it's a pity that a game like this had so many control issues.
The reason we did this was to explore just how deeply a game's control scheme affected gamers' opinions of a game and how much it would affect their decision to purchase a given game or pass it by. Alone in the Dark made an excellent case study for this because not only did it receive a huge backlash for some of the control-scheme choices the developers made when it was originally released, but it was changed in the PS3 version according to player criticism, and ultimately better received.
Without doubt, the biggest complaint players had about Alone in the Dark was the lack of camera control on the right analogue stick on the 360 and — was it the mouse, on the PC version? The reason the developers opted not to include it was that they needed the right stick and the mouse(?) for the item manipulation system, which enables Carnby to move items around gently, or swing them violently according to player input. In the PS3 version, they kept the item manipulation interface in there, but made it so that you had to hold down a button to access it. Otherwise, the right stick would control the camera, just like in most other 3rd person games. This was a good change, and it definitely works better, but the old way wasn't so bad that we should have written the game off because of it, was it? I certainly found the control scheme refreshing despite my occasional, fruitless attempt to shift the camera – but then again, I have often been accused of lenience.
Like all other survival horror titles at the time, Silent Hill 1 contained only the 3D "tank-style" control scheme.
Mind you, I've have actually stood in a game store and, on more than one occasion, watched someone bring a game back and ask to return it because they couldn't control the camera with the right stick. I've also seen gamers in stores chat with the clerks and refuse to buy games for the very same reason.
Silent Hill 2 and 3 allowed the player to choose between a 2D "point-and-go" control scheme, and a 3D "tank-style" control scheme.
I've observed a similar issue with regards to 2D and 3D controls schemes in 3rd person games. I've never come across a gamer who has a problem with the 2D control scheme, where you simply tilt the stick in a given direction and the character goes there. However, I have seen gamers return games or refuse to buy them because they contained the 3D control scheme, or "tank style" control scheme, where tilting the stick up makes the character move forward, no matter which direction they're facing, and tilting left or right makes them turn left or right. This way of thinking mystifies me, when players return or refuse to buy games they might otherwise like based on a single complaint, like the control scheme. I have never written off a game based on a single complaint in my life, least of all iffy controls, and whether or not I am too lenient is up for debate, but I'd like to know just how big an issue this is to the gaming community in general.
Silent Hill 4 switched completely to the 2D, point-and-go control scheme. Do players find this more accessible?
I realize that good controls are a large part of the experience, but it's also just that: part of the experience. At what point do iffy controls become such an issue that it overrides the player's will to overcome or at least tolerate it in order enjoy the rest of a game which might be excellent otherwise?
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Childcare & Education
100 Scandinavian Baby Girl Names
Scandinavian baby girl names are strong, beautiful, and possibly the perfect choice for your little one. Here, we're sharing some of our favorites.
Scandinavia is the northern region of Europe known for its Viking past, its fairy tales, and its sophisticated contemporary design style.
Technically, the name refers to the three kingdoms of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.
But the other Nordic countries of Finland and Iceland also share a lot of the same cultural and linguistic history.
So, did someone ask, What are some Viking girl names? Well, you're very much in the right place.
Here are some of the most popular, unique, and beautiful Scandinavian girl names from across the region.
50 Scandinavian baby girl names and meanings
Agnes. A common name across the whole Scandinavian region and beyond. It comes from the Greek word meaning "pure" or "chaste".
Aino. Meaning "the only one". We like it a lot, and so do many others in Finland and Estonia, where it often tops the lists of most popular names.
Alberte. Of course, it's quite similar to the male name Albert, meaning "wise" and "graceful". But this Scandinavian female name has an elegant twist.
Alma. The most popular girl name in Denmark right now, according to Statistics Denmark, and a favorite across the region. It comes from the Latin almus meaning "nourishing".
Astrid. The fourth most popular Scandinavian girls' name in Sweden, it means "divinely beautiful". Can't argue with a name like that!
Clara. The Scandinavian version of Claire, it's also popular in other cultures across Europe.
Elise. A variation on Elisa, or a shortened version of Elisabeth. Elise means "my God is abundance".
Elsa. Probably destined to be the most popular name in the world, Elsa is another variation on Elisabeth — and obviously the snow queen from Disney's Frozen, too.
Eva. Well-liked across Scandinavia and much of the western world, Eva means "life".
Eveliina. A name that's common in Finland, Eveliina is a local twist on Eva.
Freja. It means simply, "lady" or "mistress". But it's a top 10 girls' name in both Denmark and Sweden.
Frida. Of German origin, Frida means "peace". The Mexican artist Frida Kahlo gave the name new popularity across the world.
Gry. It means "dawn".
Guðrún. According to Statistics Iceland, this is the country's most popular girl name. It's spelled Gudrun in the rest of Scandinavia, and it means "God's lore".
Hedda. It means "warrior in the war". A name for a strong and courageous little girl. For the readers among you, it's also the famous character from Hedda Gabler, a popular play by Norwegian writer Henrik Ibsen.
Hedwig. Contender for the most famous owl in literature? Thanks, J.K. Rowling. The name started life as a popular Scandinavian saint's name for girls.
Helga. Meaning "holy" or "blessed", Helga is a popular name across northern Europe.
Helmi. Used in Finland as a short name for Vilhelmiina, Helmi means "pearl" or "bead".
Iben. A unique Norwegian name referring to the wood of the yew tree.
Ida. "Industrious" or "prosperous". It's a top 20 name for girls across Scandinavia.
Ingrid. A combination of the Norse fertility god Ing and the word fríðr, meaning "beautiful". A name was famously borne by actress Ingrid Bergman.
Íris. Meaning "rainbow".
Juni. Simply, it means June. But it's a very cute name that's popular across Scandinavia.
Katarina. Related to the name Catherine, it means "pure".
Karla. "Womanly". It's a name particularly popular in Denmark.
Kerttu. The Finnish form of Gertrude, Kerttu means "warrior".
Kristín. Currently the third most popular name in Iceland, this Scandinavian name for girls means "follower of Christ".
Lærke. Referring to "lark" (the bird), this name has been consistently popular in Denmark for nearly a century.
Lilja. A Swedish and Finnish name, it means "lily".
Linnea. One of Scandinavia's most common girl names, it means "lime" or "linden tree".
Mathilde. "Battle-mighty".
Maya. From the Greek, meaning "good mother".
Merle. It comes from Muriel, or the French word for "blackbird".
Mette. Meaning "pearl".
Mille. A Scandinavian name related to Camilla, it actually means "helper of the priest".
Nora. One of the top names in Norway, it means "honor".
Oda. "Riches". One of the most beautiful and simple Scandinavian female names.
Oline. A female version of Olaf.
Selma. It may have Celtic roots (meaning "beautiful view") or Arabic roots (meaning "peaceful"). Either way, we think it makes a very lovely name.
Signe. Pronounced 'sin-ya', Signe means "victory". It's particularly popular in Sweden.
Sigrid. "Victor", "wisdom", "beauty". A lot of meanings for this popular Scandinavian name.
Sigríður. An Icelandic version of Sigrid, but with the Icelandic 'ð' (a letter pronounced a little like 'th').
Sofie. A classic with a Scandinavian twist. It means "wisdom".
Solveig. "Strength of the house". Most popular in Norway and Iceland.
Thelma. "Will". She'll grow up to be a girl you won't mess with.
Tiril. A Norwegian name with origins that are a little obscure. But it's still beautiful and unique.
Tuva. It may mean "tuft of grass", and it's a great Scandinavian name that you don't hear much across the rest of the world. We like it.
Vera. A name of Slavic origin meaning "faith".
Vilde. It means "battle of the elves". Yep, you read that right. What a magical name for your daughter!
Wilma. "Helmet" or "protection".
Nickname help!
We want to name our baby Penelope but we can't decide on a nickname? Help!
By D, 2 days ago483
Baby name help please
The names we have are Louis, Jasper and Beauden. Which is your fave?
By L, 2 days ago122
If you names your baby after your pregnancy craving, what would your baby's name be?
By S, 2 days ago277
Discover more in the app
50 more Scandinavian names for girls
Enni
Hilla
Hulda
Margrét
What is the most beautiful name for a baby girl?
Finding the most beautiful name for your baby girl is what this whole adventure is about.
And maybe you've found it among these Scandinavian baby girl names.
But there are many more wonderful baby girl names out there.
113 women are talking about 'baby names' on Peanut. Download the app to join the conversation.
Why not try one of these lists for further inspiration?
Russian baby girl names
German baby girl names
French baby girl names
Australian baby girl names
Happy naming!


The template is completely editable. This template can help you monitor your materials and help you know when to make additional purchases. You have included an inventory list template that allows you to drag and drop each part of your form to compose a complete form. You can use an inventory list template to record the inventory of the house or the inventory of the company for unique purposes. Edraw inventory list templates are very simple to customize through color, font and software. Understand some examples and templates to help you start directly.
The templates are ready to be used as a result of which they can be used instantaneously for the production work and the quick rental inventory document. 1 House Inventory Spreadsheet In addition to providing a location for you to record important information about assets in your home, this template includes a sample scheme of items in a common house, to help you see what you want to include . It can be used by a wide variety of people. The rental inventory templates can be used with the objective of making very effective documents that can be referenced in the following days.
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There are several ways to create an inventory of the house. It turns out to be a useful piece of document in several different situations. The property inventory will allow you to create a complete record of the status of the items on the property at the beginning and end of the lease. The Warehouse Inventory inventory template is useful for performing important tasks, such as planning and budgeting.
Once you choose to start, the planning part can force you to want to stop. Inventory management is the way in which the owner of a company or property can continue to maintain a tab on their products. Effective inventory management is essential for business owners, but, nonetheless, it can also be useful at home. When operating a business, it is essential to maintain a correct inventory list. Instead, be sure to document the most expensive items in your home so that, in case you need to purchase insurance to replace them, have an excellent list to work with. Whether you have your home or are renting, you should reserve time to catalog the contents of your home.
The sheets can be used for different purposes. The inventory sheets are just one of the hundreds of sheets, spreadsheets, templates and calculators developed to produce the useful life of people who work everywhere in an easier way, 1 day per moment. Completely free printable inventory count sheets can make monitoring everything much simpler.
The sheet can be completely blank with the business logo in the upper right corner. He should not be too clumsy or he may not have the patience to look through it. All you have to do is download the perfect sheet from the Internet and everything is ready. The inventory sheet is an excellent access to the office or house. The sample inventory sheets are easy to use and are also convenient. You can also view the Inventory Spreadsheet Templates The sample inventory sheet is a significant accession to organizational skill for virtually any individual or workplace.


text:
class Chef
  module Mixin
    module ParamsValidate

      # Takes a hash of options, along with a map to validate them.  Returns the original
      # options hash, plus any changes that might have been made (through things like setting
      # default values in the validation map)
      #
      # For example:
      #
      #   validate({ :one => "neat" }, { :one => { :kind_of => String }})
      #
      # Would raise an exception if the value of :one above is not a kind_of? string.  Valid
      # map options are:
      #
      # :default:: Sets the default value for this parameter.
      # :callbacks:: Takes a hash of Procs, which should return true if the argument is valid.
      #              The key will be inserted into the error message if the Proc does not return true:
      #                 "Option #{key}'s value #{value} #{message}!"
      # :kind_of:: Ensure that the value is a kind_of?(Whatever).  If passed an array, it will ensure
      #            that the value is one of those types.
      # :respond_to:: Ensure that the value has a given method.  Takes one method name or an array of
      #               method names.
      # :required:: Raise an exception if this parameter is missing. Valid values are true or false,
      #             by default, options are not required.
      # :regex:: Match the value of the paramater against a regular expression.
      # :equal_to:: Match the value of the paramater with ==.  An array means it can be equal to any
      #             of the values.
      def validate(opts, map)
        #--
        # validate works by taking the keys in the validation map, assuming it's a hash, and
        # looking for _pv_:symbol as methods.  Assuming it find them, it calls the right
        # one.
        #++
        raise ArgumentError, "Options must be a hash" unless opts.kind_of?(Hash)
        raise ArgumentError, "Validation Map must be a hash" unless map.kind_of?(Hash)

        map.each do |key, validation|
          unless key.kind_of?(Symbol) || key.kind_of?(String)
            raise ArgumentError, "Validation map keys must be symbols or strings!"
          end
          case validation
          when true
            _pv_required(opts, key)
          when false
            true
          when Hash
            validation.each do |check, carg|
              check_method = "_pv_#{check.to_s}"
              if self.respond_to?(check_method, true)
                self.send(check_method, opts, key, carg)
              else
                raise ArgumentError, "Validation map has unknown check: #{check}"
              end
            end
          end
        end
        opts
      end

      def set_or_return(symbol, arg, validation)
        iv_symbol = "@#{symbol.to_s}".to_sym
        map = {
          symbol => validation
        }
        if arg == nil
          self.instance_variable_get(iv_symbol)
        else
          validate({ symbol => arg }, { symbol => validation })
          self.instance_variable_set(iv_symbol, arg)
        end
      end

      private

        # Return the value of a parameter, or nil if it doesn't exist.
        def _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          if opts.has_key?(key.to_s)
            opts[key.to_s]
          elsif opts.has_key?(key.to_sym)
            opts[key.to_sym]
          else
            nil
          end
        end

        # Raise an exception if the parameter is not found.
        def _pv_required(opts, key, is_required=true)
          if is_required
            if opts.has_key?(key.to_s) || opts.has_key?(key.to_sym)
              true
            else
              raise ArgumentError, "Required argument #{key} is missing!"
            end
          end
        end

        def _pv_equal_to(opts, key, to_be)
          value = _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          if value != nil
            passes = false
            [ to_be ].flatten.each do |tb|
              if value == tb
                passes = true
              end
            end
            unless passes
              raise ArgumentError, "Option #{key} must be equal to one of: #{to_be.join(", ")}!  You passed #{value.inspect}."
            end
          end
        end

        # Raise an exception if the parameter is not a kind_of?(to_be)
        def _pv_kind_of(opts, key, to_be)
          value = _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          if value != nil
            passes = false
            [ to_be ].flatten.each do |tb|
              if value.kind_of?(tb)
                passes = true
              end
            end
            unless passes
              raise ArgumentError, "Option #{key} must be a kind of #{to_be}!  You passed #{value.inspect}."
            end
          end
        end

        # Raise an exception if the parameter does not respond to a given set of methods.
        def _pv_respond_to(opts, key, method_name_list)
          value = _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          if value != nil
            [ method_name_list ].flatten.each do |method_name|
              unless value.respond_to?(method_name)
                raise ArgumentError, "Option #{key} must have a #{method_name} method!"
              end
            end
          end
        end

        # Assign a default value to a parameter.
        def _pv_default(opts, key, default_value)
          value = _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          if value == nil
            opts[key] = default_value
          end
        end

        # Check a parameter against a regular expression.
        def _pv_regex(opts, key, regex)
          value = _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          passes = false
          [ regex ].flatten.each do |r|
            if value != nil
              if r.match(value.to_s)
                passes = true
              end
            end
          end
          unless passes
            raise ArgumentError, "Option #{key}'s value #{value} does not match regular expression #{regex.to_s}"
          end
        end

        # Check a parameter against a hash of proc's.
        def _pv_callbacks(opts, key, callbacks)
          raise ArgumentError, "Callback list must be a hash!" unless callbacks.kind_of?(Hash)
          value = _pv_opts_lookup(opts, key)
          if value != nil
            callbacks.each do |message, zeproc|
              if zeproc.call(value) != true
                raise ArgumentError, "Option #{key}'s value #{value} #{message}!"
              end
            end
          end
        end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Victory Monument, Vientiane's version of Paris's Arc de Triomphe.
Vientiane is the small, slow-paced capital city of Laos. It is located on a bend in the Mekong, across the river from northeastern Thailand. Crossing the downtown main streets was a breeze, since even during "rush hour" (if you could call it that) the traffic was not overwhelming. The noteworthy sights were concentrated in a small area of the city, and there were but a few.
Of course there were several Buddhist Wats, large and small, and a number of government buildings, some of which I passed during my daily walks around town. I enjoyed seeing the various quaint old French colonial buildings. But for me, the most interesting aspect of Vientiane was that it was fairly uninteresting.
The gigantic Lao National Cultural Hall.
That's not to say there was nothing to do here. Despite its small size and relaxed pace, Vientiane boasts a range of cuisine to spark the envy of cities much larger. Many of its French restaurants are highly regarded, and I took note of a number of Italian, Indian, and even Mexican options. My favorite Vientiane food: warm, crispy French baguettes and croissants.
An interesting looking structure, Vientiane.
Near my hotel I found a small shop, owned by a Frenchwoman, that offered a selection of several Lao and foreign teas and I dropped by on a few occasions to try some northern Lao teas.
Orange! Found in local handicrafts and antiques shop, Vientiane.
I passed several storefront shops selling handicrafts of various sorts. Taking shelter from a sudden morning downpour, I stepped into one of these shops (I can't recall the name now) and sat for a while at its upstairs cafe overlooking the street. Back in the shop downstairs I got lost amid the giant carved wooden sculptures, antique Chinese Mahjong games and colorful tea sets.
View from the top of the Victory Monument, Vientiane.


Since 1983, our practice has been providing comprehensive, friendly and compassionate eye care service with a personal touch to the Hampton Bays and surrounding communities. We offer personalized health and vision solutions for the whole family. Our friendly atmosphere and courteous staff will make your visit easy and enjoyable. Southfork Optical Center offers a great selection of designer eyewear for men, women and children that will suit your style and budget. We offer a wide variety of contact lenses to give you clear, comfortable vision.
At Southfork Optical Center, the service we provide is much more than enhancing your vision – it is about helping you live your life to the fullest.


text:
by dockmen027 » Sat Aug 27, 2016 10:48 pm
Back in 2012 Andy Hill let me tag along with the "Uncle Sam Chapter" to Bill Craib's yard to view and photo some real classics. You could see a lot from the road as I had in the past, but there were a few hidden treasures behind things, not visible from the road.
One was this ex Gundrum Lumber U360, the Detroit 12V71 sat on the ground after being returned from another Company, that borrowed it to power a piece of machinery.
At its new home in CT, the engine was returned back into a truck Motor, reinstalled into the U360 and is running great, according to the new owner.....
John K
dockmen027
Location: STOTTVILLE NY
E-mail dockmen027
Re: Then and Now
by huskidrive 359 » Sun Aug 28, 2016 3:43 pm
Thanks for posting the pictures John. Mark did a great job getting this truck back together, awesome to see pics of it running again! Cool paint scheme too. Bring it to the show next year Mark.
by Sled Dog » Sun Aug 28, 2016 7:47 pm
I lived in Brunswick, NY about 10 miles from Grafton where Gundrum ran a pair of them. Used to come up behind me and apply the Jakes. Loved the sound. Went to the auction where one sold for $7700 and the second one went for a lot more. I was building a house and didn't have the funds. They were very tired when they went to auction.
Location: Cortland, NY & Key West, Florida
E-mail Sled Dog
by H762TL » Sun Aug 28, 2016 8:44 pm
Rynard Jr would love to own one of them again. They actually had 3 of them besides 84935 and 84936. Wonder where it went..
by dockmen027 » Thu Sep 01, 2016 7:44 am
Anytime this U360 came up in conversation and someone asked me about the engine, I'd always refer to it as a "boat anchor", because knowing that it sat on the ground for at least four years, I thought there was no hope for it........wrong!
Mark pulled the pan and everything looked fine.
Part of the radiator was hacked by the Berlin scrap thieves, which is why it's not connected....
by rumpy122 » Sun Sep 04, 2016 3:02 pm
That's awesome its in the truck and running, is he going to restore all the way or leave the patina?
rumpy122
Location: MARLBORO,NY
E-mail rumpy122


text:
Thu 12 Sep 2019 08:03 AM
Netflix inks content deal with feel-good king of Bollywood
The Los Gatos will work with a unit of the Karan Johar-owned Dharma Productions to create a range of films and series exclusively for Netflix
Director, producer and talk-show host Karan Johar is considered the feel-good cinema king of Bollywood.
Netflix is looking to one of India's most influential filmmakers for original programming, advancing the streaming giant's efforts to bring quality content to the entertainment-hungry nation.
The Los Gatos, California-based firm will work with a unit of the Karan Johar-owned Dharma Productions to create a range of films and series exclusively for Netflix.
Director, producer and talk-show host Johar is considered the feel-good cinema king of Bollywood, thanks largely to the effervescent themes, star-studded casts, and the over-the-top sets and glitzy costumes that have helped turn several of his films into blockbusters.
He's often described as the country's most famous gay man, and is a fixture at some of its most lavish weddings, including the recent nuptials of Reliance Industries chairman Mukesh Ambani's children. Johar has over 16 million Twitter followers and nearly 10 million followers on Instagram.
Netflix provides a "fearless space for creators," Johar said in the statement announcing the partnership. "To create universal stories from India that the world discovers is an incredible and unprecedented opportunity."
India's video-streaming industry is expected to grow at nearly 22% per annum and reach 119 billion rupees ($1.7 billion) in size by 2023 according to a recent report by consultancy PwC.
digital streaming
Dharma Productions
ABTV launches weekly debate series
Apple prices TV+ video service at AED19.99 a month in the UAE
Apple Arcade game subscription service to launch in the UAE on September 19
YouTube launches new music streaming app in Gulf region
Popular UAE-based radio DJ Lucy Stone passes away
Middle East broadcaster announced for Rugby World Cup 2019


text:
Last Things First — Podcasts
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The Definitive Guide to Comedy
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TV / Uncategorized
AMC bumps Better Call Saul debut to 2015 but orders second season in advance of the Breaking Bad spinoff
by Sean L. McCarthy June 20, 2014
The good news is we'll see at least two more seasons of Bob Odenkirk's lawyer Saul Goodman on TV.
The bad news? We'll have to wait a few more months to do so. AMC announced yesterday it'd already ordered a second season of Better Call Saul, the Breaking Bad spinoff dramedy. But those 13 episodes won't come until 2016, a year after the 10-episode first season debuts in early 2015. Beginning production this month, Better Call Saul originally was intended to premiere this fall.
The photo above shows Odenkirk in New Mexico this month with Peter Gould, who created Saul's character as a writer on Breaking Bad, and Breaking Bad creator Vince Gilligan, who's directing the series premiere and will run the spinoff series with Gould.
Better Call Saul's first two seasons will coincide with new seasons of The Walking Dead and Talking Dead in early 2015 and early 2016.
"Production on 'Better Call Saul' is underway and we could not be more proud of nor more excited about the work to date. We join the fans in eager anticipation for this series and today we happily confirm that our initial 'Saul' order is for two seasons and a total of 23 episodes," said AMC president Charlie Collier. "When introducing any series, especially one with the DNA of 'Breaking Bad,' there are countless factors to consider in making sure the show gets the launch it deserves. We have a strong history with Vince, Peter, Bob, the studio and so many involved with this production; we are enjoying the process on 'Saul' and all share a focus on making it a true television event. No half measures."
Jonathan Banks (Mike) is on board to return with Saul, as the action will follow Saul's other clients before he met Walter White and the events of Breaking Bad.
Until they announce the contracts to bring back Bill Burr (Kuby) and Lavell Crawford (Huell) as Saul's muscle men, well, I'll just be kicking back on this pile of money.
TaggedAMCBetter Call SaulBill BurrBob OdenkirkBreaking BadJonathan BanksLavell Crawford
Judd Apatow will compile his sum total of one-on-one comedy interviews into Random House book, "Sick In The Head"
Summer Reads: "The Todd Glass Situation"
Sean L. McCarthy
Editor and publisher since 2007, when he was named New York's Funniest Reporter. Former newspaper reporter at the New York Daily News, Boston Herald and smaller dailies and community papers across America. Loves comedy so much he founded this site.
View all posts by Sean L. McCarthy →
Jim Gaffigan's Sexy Tour
Interview: Todd Glass
Jerry Seinfeld, Joan Rivers: On George Carlin
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In our continuing efforts to partner with parents for the academic success of students, Jordan School District is providing parents with access to Canvas to observe their student's progress. Canvas is the Learning Management System being used throughout the district.
provide you with specific information about your student's curricula, so you have a better understanding of the work that teachers and students are doing.
use this information to communicate to students that the skills and content identified in these courses are important to master.
provides you with an opportunity to ask students to share ideas and opinions about what is being learned.
IMPORTANT: The total grade in Canvas may be different than the term grade in Skyward. Skyward will continue to be the official record for student grades and all official Jordan School District communication. Please continue to use Skyward to monitor your student's progress in each of the courses.
How to create your parent observer account: LINK.


The Children's Museum of the East End (CMEE) is offering a chance for you to "test your smarts" on Friday, December 4, at the Townline BBQ at 3593 Montauk Highway in Sagaponack for its second annual Trivia Night Fundraiser from 8 until 10 p.m., with registration beginning at 7 p.m. All adult fans of trivia and of friendly competition are welcome to compete, with all proceeds from the evening going toward "CMEE on Wheels," the museum's initiative to bring family programming to underserved communities throughout the East End.In addition to prizes for the top three teams, those attending will also have the chance to win raffle gifts from local businesses like the Mill House Inn and Wölffer Estate Vineyard. Tickets are $10 per player in advance, $15 at the door. Teams may have up to five players. For more information about the event, contact Paul A. Johnson at Paul@CMEE.org or telephone him at (631) 537-8250, extension 209.
You know the holiday season is upon us when the Bridgehampton Association announces its annual Holiday Fair. It will be held at St. Ann's Parish House on Main Street this Saturday, December 5, from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. There will be a wide array of holiday gifts for every member of the family as well as decorations for the home.
There will be jams, puddings, cookies, candies and cakes, table accessories made from fresh greens, hand-painted ornaments, one-of-a-kind decorated wreaths and table trees with unique decorations. Children's hats, mittens and sweaters will be available for sale, as well as a wonderful collection of fashion accessories, trendy jewelry, scarves, hair ornaments and small gift items.
There will also be raffle tickets on sale for the "Pot o' Gold" table with unique gifts, baskets of cheer and gift certificates to local restaurants and shops. And if you work up an appetite doing all that shopping, there will be delicious homemade sandwiches and treats as well as coffee available for sale. As always, there is no admission fee to the Holiday Fair.
The Bridgehampton Association raises money at events such as the fair in order to provide funding to more than twenty East End organizations, so you can get some great gifts while also helping to support many local nonprofit organizations.
On Saturday you can also head over to the Horticultural Alliance of the Hamptons' library at 11 a.m. for the Book Discussion Group's return of their successful "Do not read this book" talks. Carolyn Gemake will be the moderator. Remember, you don't need to read the books yourself … the presenters have done that for you. Presenters will be Mike DeVito discussing "What are Gardens For? Visiting, Experiencing and Thinking About Gardens" by Rory Stuart, Susan Brackett discussing "Jacques Boyceau and the French Formal Garden" by Franklin Hamilton Hazelhurst, and Joan DiMonda discussing "Dream Plants for the Natural Garden" by Hank Garritsen and Piet Oudolf. Bring your own beverage and refreshments will be served. Enter on the School Street side of the Community House and for more information call (631) 537-2223.
Bridge Gardens will be offering programs also on this Saturday and this Sunday. Saturday's event will be a Watercolor Workshop Series with Lois Bender from noon to 3 p.m. This is the perfect time of year for a relaxing watercolor class led by skilled educator and watercolor artist Lois Bender. Appropriate for beginners and more experienced painters alike, Lois's class will help you develop your skills and capture the natural beauty around you. With a focus on florals and landscapes, and with a nature sketchbook style, you'll enjoy relaxing and creating beautiful art for yourself or to give as a gift to someone special. The watercolor series continues in December on Saturdays, December 5, 12 and 19. The fee is $45 per class, and prepaid reservations are required. Materials will be available for purchase, or bring your own supplies. For more information and to reserve, please visit Lois's website at www.GardenSpiritsNY.com.
Then on Sunday, December 6, there will be the annual Holiday Wreath Workshop at Bridge Gardens from 2 until 4 p.m. Reserve your spot for this annual wreath-making workshop where you will be using plain evergreen wreaths to create a beautiful decoration to grace your front door or mantle. This program is led by Diana Conklin, of Everlastings by Diana, who brings a wealth of additional locally-grown greens, dried flowers, seed pods and berries for you to enhance the basic form. Bring your ribbons, seashells, feathers, lights, or other decorative items if you would like. Diana promises to help you make your vision come true. $30 per person includes all materials and light refreshments. Bring work gloves and clippers. Space is limited so advance reservations are required with a credit card. Rain or shine. To make a reservation or for more information and directions, call (631) 283-3195, ext. 19 or email events@peconiclandtrust.org.
Over at the Bridgehampton Museum's Archives building there will be an exhibition of watercolors by Bernard Springsteel with the opening preview being held on Friday, December 11, from 6 to 8 p.m. Museum members are invited for a 5 p.m. opening preview on that same date. Many of the paintings will be available for purchase.
Also at the museum's Archives, starting on this Saturday, December 5, members of the Clay Arts Guild of the Hamptons will be presenting a show of their beautifully crafted items. Their show will be open on the following two Saturdays from 10 a.m. until 4 p.m. For more information, call the museum at (631) 537-1088.
And looking ahead, on Monday, December 14, the Friends of the Long Pond Greenbelt will be holding their Holiday Party from 6 until 8 p.m. They're inviting folks to help them celebrate the end of their 18th year with a year-end toast to our precious Greenbelt. Join them for good cheer, good food and good conversation with friends and family. All are welcome to join them at Bay Burger, 1742 Bridgehampton-Sag Harbor Turnpike for this free event. Light refreshments and holiday treats will be served. There will also be a cash bar (wine & beer). RSVP to greenbeltnews@aol.com or at (631) 745-0689.
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Expansion Dieppe offers a Commercial Lease Marketplace connecting landlords and clients. Strategically located commercial real estate space can make all the difference in your company's success. Expansion Dieppe will help you connect with the right space – in the right location – at a price that's within your budget. Looking for space can be a daunting task. We'll work with you to make it as efficient as possible.


text:
Migos, Cardi B, Nicki Minaj Release Video For "Motorsport"
MIAMI BEACH, FL - OCTOBER 06: (L-R) Rappers Takeoff, Offset and Quavo of Migos attend the BET Hip Hop Awards 2017 at The Fillmore Miami Beach at the Jackie Gleason Theater on October 6, 2017 in Miami Beach, Florida. (Photo by Bennett Raglin/Getty Images for BET)
Migos, Cardi B, Nicki Minaj Release Video For "Motorsport"
The issue? It's only available on Apple Music right now.
The video features Migos, Cardi B, and Nicki Minaj all with fantastic whips to push, and neon lights. It sort of has a 'Tron' remake feel to it, but with expensive cars instead.
"MotorSport" on Apple Music
Watch the music video "MotorSport" by Migos. Buy it for $1.99. Free with Apple Music subscription.
If you are not a subscriber of Apple Music, check out the behind the scenes video here and get an idea of what they included in the video.
Amy Cooper is one with the force and the force is with her.
Cardi B,Migos,Nicki Minaj