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REACTION RATES AND REVERSIBLE REACTIONS - Form 4 Chemistry notes
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Reaction Rates
Measurements of Reaction Rates
Collision Theory and Activation Energy
Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Reversible Reactions
Explanations of Reversible Reactions
Summary: Optimum Conditions for Common Industrial Processes
The rate of a chemical reaction is taken as the rate at which products are formed or the rate at which reactants disappear.
Reaction rates are measured in terms of
How much product appears in a given time.
How much reactant disappears in a given time
Rates curves are then plotted
These are plots of concentration or properties, which are functions of concentration against time
Graph: concentration of products against time.
Graph: concentration of reactants against time.
Apparatus used to Determine Rates of Reaction
Reaction between dilute HCl and marble chips.
This can be by:
Measuring the decrease in mass with time
Apparatus:
Measuring the volume of the gas produced with time and then plotting a graph.
Similar experiments maybe done using zinc granules and zinc powder with an acid
Worked example
Marble chips and dilute hydrochloric acid were mixed. The mass of the reaction mixture was measured and recorded with time. The results are shown in the table below.
Time (sec) 0 30 60 90 12 150 180 21 240 270 300
Mass of mixture (g) 42.0 41.5 41.0 40.7 40.4 4.02 40.1 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0
Loss in mass (g)
Complete the table. (5 marks)
Draw a graph of loss of mass against time. (3 marks)
On the same axes sketch the curves that would be obtained if:
the acid was more concentrated. (1mark)
larger marble chips were used. (1mark)
The collision theory of reacting particles postulates that:
Reacting particles must collide before a chemical reaction occurs
Not all collisions are effective/ result in chemical reaction
Only those particles with sufficient energy result in effective collisions i.e. energy equal to or greater than the activation energy.
Any factor, which increases the rate of a chemical reaction, does so by increasing the number of effective collisions;
Activation energy (EA)
Is the minimum amount of energy required by reacting particles to cause a successful collision to form products;
It refers to the energy an energy barrier that must be overcome by the reactants to be converted to products;
This energy barrier determines the magnitude of the activation energy of the reactants;
Factors Determining the Value of Activation Energy
Strength of the bonds in the particles of the reactants;
Whether the reaction is exothermic or exothermic;
Presence of catalysts;
Graph: activation energy:
Factors that increase the rate of a reaction does so by:
Increasing number of effective collisions;
Lowering the activation energy; since a reaction with high activation energy is slow at ordinary conditions;
These factors are:
Concentration of reactants
Surface area (size of the particles
Concentration of reactants.
Increase in concentration of one of the reactants increases the rate of the reaction;
Higher concentration results in a greater probability of collision hence a higher rate of reaction
Example: reaction between Mg(s) and 2M and 4M hydrochloric acid.
Graphical representation
The maximum volume of a gas collected in both experiments is the same because the number of moles of HCl is the same
Curve for 4M HCl is steeper indicating a faster rate because the acid is more concentration
The 4M HCl contains more H+ ions per unit volume than 2M HCl. This reaction takes a shorter time to go to completion
The start of the flat part of the curve indicates the end of the reaction;
Diagram:
Note: Rate of reaction can also be verified by measuring the rate of disappearance of reactants per unit time.
Reactants with 4M HCl will disappear faster;
Curve for a faster reaction rate is always to the left of the reference curve;
Worked example:
In an experiment to determine the effect of concentration on the rate of a reaction, various concentrations of sodium thiosulphate were reacted with equal volume of hydrochloric acid and the time taken for the precipitate to obscure a cross on paper put under the reaction beaker was determined. The results are shown in the table below.
Volume of S2O32- (cm3) Volume of H2O (cm3) Volume of HCl (cm3) Time for cross to disappear (s)
Plot a graph of time (vertical axis) against volume of aqueous sodium thiosulphate. (3marks)
From the graph estimate the time for the cross to disappear when 10 cm3 of hydrochloric acid is added to a mixture of 35cm3 of aqueous thiosulphate and 15cm3 of water. (2 marks)
What is the effect on the rate of the reaction of adding more water to the aqueous sodium thiosulphate? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
On the same graph, plot the curves you would obtain if the experiment were repeated at:
at 45oC; (1mark)
using 10 cm3 of less concentrated hydrochloric acid. (1mark)
Effect of temperature.
An increase in temperature increases the rate of a chemical reaction.
Reasons:
Increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of the reacting particles;
The particles therefore move faster leading to more frequent and more effective collisions.
The rate of reaction therefore increases;
Example: reaction between sodium thiosulphate and dilute HCl (aq)
Stoichiometric equation:
Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + S(s) + SO2(g)
Ionic equation:
S2O32-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → S(s) + SO2(g) + H2O(l);
The time taken to precipitate the same amount of sulphur by the same volume of acid at different temperatures is measured.
Concentration of thiosulphate solution and the acid are kept constant.
Graph: relationship between time and temperature in a reaction.
The rate is proportionate to 1/t;
Hence;
The higher the temperature the shorter the time for completion of the reaction and the higher the rate of the reaction;
Alternatively:
You can plot a graph of 1/t against temperature;
Graphically:
Effect of particle size (surface area).
A decrease in particle size (surface area) increases the rate of a chemical reaction; and an increase in particle size decreases the rate of a chemical reaction.
A smaller particle size means a larger total surface area and this offers a large surface on which the reacting particles can collide;
This means more collisions, hence more chances of effective collisions leading to a higher rate of reaction;
Example: Reaction between dilute HCl and marble chips
The larger CaCO3 granules undergo a slower rate of reaction than the finely powdered CaCO3
Equation:
CaCO3(s) + 2H+(aq) → Ca2+(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Graph 1: volume of gas produced against time (for granules and powder)
Graph 2: loss in mass of calcium carbonate against time
Exactly 3.0g of powdered carbonate of metal M of formula MCO3 were mixed with excess dilute hydrochloric acid. The mass of the reaction vessel and its contents were recorded at various times. From these readings, the total loss in mass of the reaction vessel and its contents was calculated and recorded as shown in the table below. The experiment was carried out at room temperature.
Time (secs) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Total loss in mass (g) 0 0.08 0.37 0.90 1.19 1.28 1.32 1.32
Plot a graph of total loss in mass against time. (1mark)
Determine the total loss in mass after 100 seconds. (2 marks)
Write an equation for the reaction that occurs. (1mark)
calculate the number of moles of:
Carbon (IV) oxide gas produced. (2 marks)
MCO3 used. (2 marks)
Calculate the relative atomic mass of metal M. (3 marks)
On the same axis sketch a curve that you are likely to obtain if the experiment was repeated:
9. at 50oC. Explain. (2 marks)
Using MCO3 granules instead of the powder. Explain. (2 marks)
Effect of catalysts
Catalysts are substances which alter the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed, e.g. finely divided iron in the harber process;
They alter the rate of a chemical reaction but remain unchanged at the end of the reaction;
They can therefore be reused at the end of the reaction;
Modes of action of catalysts:
Provision of a surface over which particles can react.
Note: Due to this solid catalysts are more effective when used in powder form;
Formation of short-lived intermediate compounds with products which then break up to give the products and the catalyst;
By adsorption;
Note: - Generally, a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction by providing a different pathway of lower activation energy.
This means more collisions can overcome this energy barrier and result in a reaction.
It lowers the activation energy of the reaction;
Catalysts are also reaction-specific;
Some common catalysts
Catalyst Reaction catalyzed
Manganese (IV) oxide Dissociation of hydrogen peroxide to give oxygen gas and water;
Vanadium (V) oxide or platinum Contact process for the conversion of sulphur (IV) oxide to sulphur (VI) oxide;
Platinum Manufacture of nitric acid in the Oswald s process;
Finely divided ironn or vanadium Haber process in the manufacture of ammonia;
Nickel Hydrogenation of oils to make fats;
Hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons
Copper (II) oxide Oxidation of ethanol to produce ethanal;
Titanium (IV) chloride Ziegler method of polymerizing alkenes
Graph: reaction rates with and without a catalyst.
Hydrogen peroxide decomposes slowly to water and oxygen under normal conditions. When a little manganese (IV) oxide is added to the solution the rate of decomposition is enhanced. The results of an experiment on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in presence of manganese (IV) oxide are shown below. Study the results and answer the questions that follow
Volume of oxygen (cm3) 0 19 27 33 36 38 39 40 40
Time (seconds) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Plot a graph of volume of oxygen produced (vertical axis) against time. (3 marks)
What is the rate of reaction:
during the first 30 seconds. (2 marks)
between 30 seconds and 60 seconds. (2 marks)
Explain why:
the slope of the curve is steeper at the start of the reaction. (2 marks)
the curve goes flat at the end of the reaction. (2 marks)
Suggest the role of manganese (IV) oxide I the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. (1mark)
Comment on change in mass of manganese (IV) oxide at the end of the reaction. Explain.(2 marks)
Effect of light on the rate of reaction
The effect of heating and illuminating substances is the same;
In both cases the constituent particles absorb radiant energy leading to an increase in the number of particles with activation energy resulting in increased rate of reaction;
Light energizes the particles involved in a reaction;
This increases the chances of effective collisions per unit time thus increasing the rate of reaction.
Light of higher frequencies give higher reaction rates e.g. UV Light;
Examples of reactions affected by light are those involving halogens:
Examples of reactions affected by light.
Reaction between Cl2(g) and H2(g) does not take place in the dark but is explosive in bright light;
For the reaction between methane and bromine; decolourisation of bromine only occurs in presence of light;
Experiment: Effect of light on the decomposition of silver bromide.
About 20cm3 of 0.1M potassium bromide is put in a glass beaker.
5cm3 of 0.05M silver nitrate solution is added.
The resulting pale yellow precipitate is divided into three portions in 3 separate test tubes.
One of the test tubes in immediately placed in a dark cupboard; the second on a bench and the third is placed in a direct source of light e.g. sunlight.
Observations.
Formation of a pale yellow precipitate of silver bromide when silver nitrate reacts with potassium bromide.
Test tube in light: precipitate changes colour from pale yellow to grey.
Test tube on the bench: slight change in colour from pale yellow to slight grey.
Test tube in dark cupboard: no observable (noticeable) colour change in precipitate.
Light decomposes silver bromide to metallic silver (hence the grey colour) and bromine.
No observable change in test tube placed in darkness due to lack of light;
The degree of decomposition and hence change depends on the light intensity falling on the test tubes;
The rate of decomposition of silver bromide increases with increase in light intensity.
Light affects the rate of some chemical reactions by energizing the particles involved in a reaction hence increasing the chances of effective collisions per unit time thus increasing the rate of reaction.
Application of effect of light on reaction rate.
Processing of black and white photographic films is done in dark to prevent the decomposition of the silver bromide that is usually used to coat photographic plates;
Further examples of reactions affected by light:
Increase in pressure increases the rate of reaction involving the formation of small volume of product because of increase in concentration and slight increase in temperature
In a given volume the higher the number of molecules of a given gas in a container, the greater the pressure;
Increase in pressure causes the same effect as increase in concentration;
Thus the rate of reactions involving gases can be increased by increasing the pressure of the gases
Note: From gas laws, decreases in volume results in increase in pressure. Thus, reactions accompanied by decrease in volume move faster to completion.
Are reactions which can be made to go to either direction (forward or backward) by changing conditions such as temperatures, pressure etc.
In such cases none of the reactants is completely used up and so the reaction does not go into completion.
Reversible reactions are of two types
Reversible physical changes e.g. heating ice, iodine etc.
Reversible chemical changes e.g. heating hydrated copper (II) sulphate, Haber process, decomposition of limestone, heating blue cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride etc.
Reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen to give ammonia in the Haber process .
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)
The reversible sign means the reaction can reach a state of equilibrium if left undisturbed.
Consider the curves below:
Point (a): Forward reaction.
At the start of the reaction, the rate of the forward reaction is faster.
The concentration of the reactants is greatest at the beginning.
The rate of forward reaction and the concentration of reactants decreases with time as the reaction proceeds.
Point (b): Backward reaction.
At zero time the rate of the backward reaction is zero.
The concentration of the products is lowest at this time.
The rate of the backward reaction and concentration of products increases as the forward reaction proceeds.
Point (c): Equilibrium.
It comes to a time (t) when the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction.
This balance is called equilibrium.
Is the state at which the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction.
Types of Equilibrium
Static Equilibrium
Refers to a situation when two opposing forces balance each other and whatever was happening before comes to a standstill.
Dynamic Equilibrium
Refers to a situation when two opposing processes, the forward and reverse, continue taking place but at the same rate.
The equilibrium is said to be dynamic and this state of balance can be reached from either direction.
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) ⇌ Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
The Equilibrium state here is established when:
Either steam is passed over heated iron in a closed container; or
When hydrogen is passed over heated iron oxide;
Characteristics of Equilibrium Systems.
The concentrations of reactants and products do not change after the equilibrium has been reached unless the system is disturbed.
Observable properties of reactants or products such as colour, mass, volume, PH, temperature etc can be used to detect whether a system is in equilibrium or not.
Property How it can be used to detect attainment of equilibrium
Colour The color intensity remains constant equilibrium
Volume Total volume of solution remains constant at equilibrium;
Precipitate The height of the precipitate remains constant;
The equilibrium can be reached from either direction.
All the reactants and products are present in the system.
Factors Affecting the Position of Equilibrium
Such factors act as a strain on the state of equilibrium and the system reacts in a way to oppose the change.
The factors are:
Catalysts.
Endothermic reactions
Increase in temperature favours the endothermic reactions;
N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g); ΔH = + ve
Pale yellow dark brown
Increase in temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right; since the reaction is endothermic and hence more yield of nitrogen (IV) oxide; hence dark brown fumes will be observed;
Decrease in temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left; since the reaction is endothermic favoured by low temperatures; hence formation of N2O4 ; and the pale yellow colour is observed;
Exothermic reactions:
Decrease in temperature favours exothermic reactions.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g); ΔH = -ve
Decrease in temperature causes more yield of sulphur (VI) oxide; because the equilibrium shifts to the right; since the reaction is exothermic favoured by low temperatures;
Increase in temperature causes SO3 to decompose decreasing its yields. Increase in temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left; because the reaction is exothermic which is favoured by low temperatures;
Increase in pressure favours the side with fewer numbers of gaseous molecules since this is the side where pressure is reduced (low).
Increase in pressure favours the production of ammonia; by shifting the equilibrium position to the right; because the volume of gaseous reactants is higher than the volume of gaseous products.
Decrease in pressure leads to the production of less ammonia (ammonia decomposes); by shifting the equilibrium position to the left; because the volume of gaseous reactants is higher than the volume of gaseous products.
N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g)
Increase in pressure:
Shifts the equilibrium to the left; leading to formation of more N2O4 hence mixture turns pale yellow; because the volume of gaseous products (NO2) is higher than the volume of gaseous reactants (N2O4).
Decrease in pressure:
Shifts the equilibrium position to the right; leading to formation of more NO2 hence colour turns dark brown; because the volume of gaseous reactants (N2O4) is lower than the volume of gaseous products (NO2);
Note: -
Change in pressure has no effect on the equilibrium mixture where gaseous molecules on the two sides are equal
N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g)
Increase or decrease in pressure has no effect on position of equilibrium; because the volume of gaseous reactants is equal to volume of gaseous products;
Generally reactions involving only solids and, or liquids are not affected by pressure change because they are not compressible;
Summary: effects of pressure on equilibrium
Reaction Effects of pressure change on position of equilibrium
Increase Decrease
N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) Equilibrium shifts to the left; more N2O4 is formed; Equilibrium shifts to the right; more NO2 is formed;
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) - More NH3 is formed; equilibrium shifts to the right; since volume of gaseous reactants is higher than volume of gaseous products - More N2 and H2 are formed; equilibrium shifts to the left; since volume of gaseous reactants is higher than volume of gaseous products
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) - More SO3 is formed; equilibrium shifts to the right (forward reaction is favoured); since volume of gaseous reactants is higher than volume of gaseous products - Less SO3 is formed (more SO2 and O2 are formed); equilibrium shifts to the left (backward reaction is favoured); since volume of gaseous reactants is higher than volume of gaseous products
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ⇌ 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) - More NH3 and O2 is formed; equilibrium shifts to the left; since volume of gaseous reactants is lower than volume of gaseous products - Less NH3 and O2 is formed (more NO and H2O are formed); equilibrium shifts to the right; since volume of gaseous reactants is lower than volume of gaseous products
H2(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ 2HCl(g) - No effect on the equilibrium; because volume of gaseous reactants and volume of gaseous products is the same; - No effect on the equilibrium; because volume of gaseous reactants and volume of gaseous products is the same;
Consider the equilibrium in bromine water system:
Br2(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ OBr-(aq) + Br-(aq) + 2H+(aq)
Yellow orange Colourless
Addition of sodium hydroxide to the equilibrium:
When NaOH (aq) is added to the equilibrium, the concentration of H + decrease and the rate of forward reaction are favoured (equilibrium shifts to the right); the reaction of bromine with water increases andthere is loss of colour of bromine water.
Addition of sodium hydroxide provides hydroxyl ions into the equilibrium.
The hydroxyl ions react with the hydrogen ions (on the right of equilibrium) to form water.
OH-(aq) + H+(aq) ⇌ H2O(l)
This process removes hydrogen ions from the equilibrium mixture.
This shifts the equilibrium to the right hence formation of more products;
This leads to a change in colour from yellow orange to colourless;
Addition of hydrochloric acid:
Addition of HCl(aq) is added concentration of H+ increases; more bromine is formed and the orange-yellow colour of bromine water becomes more intense;
Addition of hydrochloric acid introduces more hydrogen ions into the equilibrium;
The hydrogen ions react with the colourless bromide and hypobromite ions to form yellow-orange aqueous bromine;
This shifts the equilibrium to the left hence the increase in the intensity of the yellow-orange colour of bromine water;
Given the equilibrium:
SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
Removal of sulphur (VI) oxide:
-Reducing the concentration of SO3 by removing it causes more sulphur (IV) oxide to be converted to sulphur (IV) oxide.
Addition of either oxygen or sulphur (IV) oxide.
-Addition of either sulphur (IV) oxide or oxygen to the equilibrium shifts the equilibrium to the right; due to increase of concentration of products hence more yield of sulphur (VI oxide;
Addition of pyrogallic acid:
-Addition of pyrogallic acid into the equilibrium shifts the equilibrium to the left; since pyrogallic acid dissolves oxygen gas reducing concentration of reactants on the left hence less yield of sulphur (VI) oxide;
2CrO42-(aq) + 2H+(aq) ⇌ 2Cr2O72-(aq) + H2O(l)
When NaOH (aq) is added to the equilibrium, the concentration of H + decrease and the rate of backward reaction are favoured (equilibrium shifts to the left); the reaction of dichromate ions with water to form chromate ions and hydrogen ions increases and there is change in colour to yellow.
-Addition of sodium hydroxide provides hydroxyl ions into the equilibrium.
-The hydroxyl ions react with the hydrogen ions (on the left of equilibrium) to form water.
-This process removes hydrogen ions from the equilibrium mixture.
- This shifts the equilibrium to the left hence formation of more reactants (chromate and hydrogen ions);
- This leads to a change in colour from orange to yellow;
Addition of HCl(aq) is added concentration of H+ increases; more dichromate solution is formed and the orange colour of dichromate ions become more intense;
- Addition of hydrochloric acid introduces more hydrogen ions into the equilibrium;
- The hydrogen ions react with the yellow chromate solution to form orange dichromate solution (and water);
- This shifts the equilibrium to the right hence the increase in the intensity of the orange colour of dichromate solution;
Generally:
- A change in concentration disturbs the already established equilibrium by making the reaction rate in one direction faster
- The reaction then proceeds predominantly in that direction until equilibrium is re established
Effect of catalyst
Presence of a catalyst has no effect on the position of the equilibrium but alters the rate at which the equilibrium is attained.
Catalysts usually allow the equilibrium to be reached in a shorter period of time by increasing the rates of the reactions
States that:
When stress is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system reacts so as to oppose the stress.
This implies that when a change in condition is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system moves so as to oppose the change.
The effect of different factors on equilibrium was first investigated in 1888 by a French Chemist; Henri Louis Le Chatelier.
All explanations so far described are based on Le Chatelier s principle.
Industrial applications of chemical equilibrium.
The ability to change the position of an equilibrium by varying the conditions has been important in industrial processes as industrialists aim at obtaining maximum products at minimum cost and shortest time possible.
Conditions required to obtain greatest yield of products at minimum costs and shortest time possible are called optimum conditions .
Such optimum conditions are obtained by continuous removal of products hence reduction in its concentration or varying external factors like temperature and pressure.
Condition Optimum condition for
Haber process
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) ; ΔH=- 92KJMol-1 The contact process
2SO3(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) ; ΔH = -197Kjmol-1
Temperature - The reaction is exothermic hence favoured by low temperatures; which shift the equilibrium to the right hence more yield of ammonia gas;
- However rate at which the NH3(g) will be produced would be too slow and thus uneconomical; an optimum temperature of about 450o C is thus normally used; - Forward reaction is exothermic thus increase in temperature favours backward reaction; shifts the equilibrium to the left hence less yield of SO2(g);
- Low temperature will favour forward reaction thus shifts the equilibrium to the right; hence more production of SO2(g) ; However rate of yield will be too slow and hence optimum temperature for maximum yield are set at about 450o C;
- Increase in pressure favours the forward reaction; shifting the equilibrium to the right hence more yield of ammonia; because the volume of gaseous reactants is higher than the volume of gaseous products;
- However the cost of producing and maintaining high pressures in a system is very high;
- Thus for maximum yield the optimum pressure is 200 atmospheres;
- An increase in pressure will shift the equilibrium to the left leading to low yield of sulphur (IV) oxide; since the volume of gaseous reactants is lower than the volume of gaseous products;
- Thus the optimum pressure used is atmospheric pressure, which gives a percentage conversion of SO2(g) to SO3(g) of about 96%.
Concentration - Removal of ammonia gas shifts the equilibrium to the right hence more yield of ammonia; since this removal lowers concentration of NH3(g)
- thus for maximum yield ammonia is removed as soon as it is produced; so that more H2(g) and N2(g) can continue reacting; - Removal of sulphur (VI) oxide gas shifts the equilibrium to the right hence more yield of SO3(g); since this removal lowers its concentration;
- thus for maximum yield SO3(g) is removed as soon as it is produced; so that more SO2(g) and O2(g) can continue reacting;
Catalyst - Main catalyst used is finely divided iron; platinum is a better catalyst but is very expensive and easily poisoned by impurities, hence may increase cost of production; - A catalyst of vanadium (V) oxide is used to increase the rate of reaction;
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RADIOACTIVITY - Form 4 Chemistry notes
METALS: EXTRACTION PROPERTIES AND USES - Form 4 Chemistry notes
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Two things are reigning supreme in the midst of the largest consumer recall in U.S. history: confusion and frustration. This follows news that it could take weeks to find out if your car is on the dreaded recall list.
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The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration says of the nearly 34 million recalled automobiles, people in states with high humidity will have their vehicles repaired first. However, car manufacturers still need to provide data, so people could be driving with potentially deadly airbags for a while.
Regulators have linked the life-saving devices to six deaths worldwide, including five in the U.S. and hundreds of injuries. The defective airbags can explode violently when they deploy and rupture, sending shrapnel flying.
Panic was at a fever-pitch after the official recall announcement was made Tuesday. So many car owners flooded a government website to see if their vehicles were on the recalled list the site was temporarily knocked offline.
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Morgan Stanley has decided to to leave an industry agreement known as the protocol for broker recruiting. The move is seen as an indication that the firm is working harder than ever to prevent its brokers from jumping ship.. One reason for that perspective is that Morgan Stanley managers were told on Monday morning that new employment agreements may include a one-year non-solicit agreement.
Under such an agreement, Morgan Stanley brokers moving to a new firm would be forbidden for 12 months from contacting clients once they left, according to those sources. Morgan Stanley intends to withdraw from the protocol on Nov. 3. Morgan Stanley advisers were told in an email Monday that the firm would enforce client confidentiality and non-solicitation agreements. Morgan Stanley on Monday said that as part of its effort to reduce recruiting and emphasize training it was pulling out of the protocol, a more than decade-old industry agreement designed to limit litigation against brokers when they moved from one firm to another.
Before the 2004 agreement, it was not uncommon for large firms like Morgan Stanley and Merrill Lynch to sue advisers when they left, commonly freezing clients from trading in their accounts. The protocol established a "universal set of rules for advisers to follow when leaving one protocol member firm and joining another," Morgan Stanley said in a statement. "However, over time the protocol has become replete with opportunities for gamesmanship and loopholes." According to the Morgan Stanley, firms have not been following the spirit of the agreement for some time. The announcement was part of a wider statement about Morgan Stanley's efforts to support existing advisers.
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Police intercept 17 irregular migrants at border
Police in Burgenland reported that they had intercepted a Romanian vehicle containing 17 migrants, entering the country illegally from Hungary.
Early on Sunday morning, a routine border check on the A4 highway near Nickelsdorf took place, which found a van packed with foreign visitors.
According to police reports, there were 11 men and six woman, with seven each coming from Iraq and Afghanistan, two from Syria and one from Pakistan.
The 30-year-old Romanian driver was arrested on suspicion of people-smuggling, a crime which usually attracts a prison sentence of at least two years.
150 per day
The passengers were taken to a refugee processing centre at Eisenstadt.
The Austrian defence ministry says around 150 migrants arrive in Austria every day from Hungary -- where most of them are registered -- having travelled from Greece through Macedonia, Bulgaria and Serbia.
Currently Austria is not sending any back to Hungary following a court decision last September that prevented an Afghan family being returned because of "inhumane conditions" in Hungary.
An Austrian interior ministry spokesman, Karl-Heinz Grundboeck, said however that this concerned an individual case and did not prevent people being sent back in the future.
'Dire situation'
Last week the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) sharply criticised Hungary for conditions at a makeshift transit camp on the border with Serbia for people waiting to be admitted into Hungarian "transit zones".
"We remain concerned about Hungary's restrictive approaches and the dire situation asylum-seekers face outside the transit zones. Currently, only 15-17 people are admitted daily at each zone, leaving hundreds to suffer day and night without any proper support at the EU border," said Samar Mazloum, head of UNHCR's local field office.
"The current approach makes it very easy for human traffickers to further exploit desperate refugees and pushes them to take more dangerous routes when legal ways are shut."
Migrant spat brews between Austria and Hungary
EU rejects Austria's 'asylum islands' suggestion
Kurz: Keep asylum seekers on islands
Denmark and Austria present joint plan on asylum
Failed asylum-seekers set fire to cell in Vienna


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text:
When Article 370 Was Abrogated, Pain Was Felt By Pakistan, Arvind Kejriwal: Yogi Adityanath In Delhi
Adiyanath Said Shaheen Bagh Protest, The Epicentre Of The Anti-Citizenship (Amendment) Act And The National Register Of Citizens (NRC), Is A Malicious Attempt To Disturb Peace And Normal Life.
News Nation Bureau | Edited By : Aniruddha Dhar | Updated on: 02 Feb 2020, 07:44:33 PM
Uttar Pradesh CM Yogi Adityanath. (Photo Credit: PTI file)
Continuing his attack on Arvind Kejriwal and Shaheen Bagh protest, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath on Sunday said when the Article 370 of the Constitution, that gave a special status to Jammu and Kashmir, was abrogated, the pain was felt by Pakistan as well as the Delhi CM.
"When Article 370 was abrogated, pain was felt by Pakistan and Arvind Kejriwal," Adityanath said, addressing a rally in south Delhi's Badarpur.
Adityanath said in the Delhi elections, on one side there is the leadership of Narendra Modi for development and nationalism, on the other, there is the Congress and Kejriwal who "support divisive forces".
"The BJP is working with zero tolerance towards terrorism. But Kejriwal is busy with sponsoring and offering biryani in Shaheen Bagh," he said.
Lashing out at the people protesting against the new citizenship law, Adityanath on Saturday alleged that those who support terrorists in Kashmir were staging protest in Shaheen Bagh and raising slogans of 'azadi'.
Addressing a series of rallies in the national capital, Adityanath also said that "their ancestors divided India", so they have a grouse against this emerging 'Ek Bharat, Shrestha Bharat', and slammed the AAP government, saying it "supplies biryani" to protesters in Shaheen Bagh.
"(Delhi CM Arvind) Kejriwal cannot even provide clean drinking water to the people of Delhi... According to a (BIS) survey, the Delhi government is making its people drink poisonous water. But it is supplying biryani to those protesting in Shaheen Bagh and elsewhere in the city," he said.
Hundreds of people, including women and children, have been protesting in Shaheen Bagh since December 15 against the amended law and the National Register of Citizens. They say the citizenship law is discriminatory and fear it targets Muslims.
At a rally in support of BJP candidate Vijender Gupta in Rohini, Adityanath claimed Mahatma Gandhi had said India should provide citizenship to Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians fleeing atrocities in Pakistan, and "therefore, it (the citizenship law) should be welcomed".
In December, Adityanath declared that his government would recover losses due to violence during protests against the law by seizing the properties of those involved in vandalism.
The UP CM also said that since Narendra Modi became the prime minister, "we have been identifying every terrorist and feeding them 'goli' instead of biryani".
"Let Kashmir remain in peace ... If you will speak the language of Pakistan, in favour of Pakistan, the soldier's gun will show you the way to hell," he said.
At another rally in Karawal Nagar Chowk in east Delhi, he again slammed the anti-CAA protesters, saying "their ancestors divided India, so they have a grouse against this emerging 'Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat'."
(With PTI inputs)
For all the Latest Assembly Elections News, Delhi Assembly Elections News, Download News Nation Android and iOS Mobile Apps.
First Published : 02 Feb 2020, 07:03:01 PM
Article 370 Pakistan Arvind Kejriwal Yogi Adityanath Delhi Polls Elections


UKIP'S Scottish MEP David Coburn was duped during a live online debate as the audience pretending his microphone was not on.
While the leaders of Scottish political parties including first minister Nicola Sturgeon, Labour's Kezia Dugdale and Conservative Ruth Davidson took part in a TV debate ahead of May's Holyrood elections, Mr Coburn hosted his ownlive Periscope stream as he was unhappy at not being invited to take part.
The live stream suffered technical issues, with Mr Coburn's microphone failing, before the audio was fixed and the politician carried on speaking.
But given his often controversial views, a number of opponents flooded the live stream claiming they still couldn't hear the Ukip MEP.
"Have we got gremlins again?" he asked an aide as the messages flooded in. "People keep saying there is no sound.


text:
British literature summaries -
Short summary - The Honorary Consul
Henry Graham Greene
The action takes place in a small Argentinean town on the border with Paraguay in the late 1960s - early 1970s. The main character is a doctor Eduards Plarr, a political emigrant from Paraguay, where he left with his mother as a fourteen-year-old teenager. His father, an Englishman by birth, a fighter against the regime of the General (meaning dictator Stresner), remained in Paraguay, and the hero does not know anything about his fate: whether he was killed, died of an illness or became a political prisoner. Dr. Plarr himself studied in Buenos Aires, but moved to this northern town, where it was easier to get medical practice, where there were vivid memories of his father, whom he had divorced on the other side of Parana many years ago and where he was away from his mother, limited bourgeois woman, for whom the main purpose of life was to eat countless cakes. Doctor's mother lives in the capital,
In addition to the doctor, two more Englishmen live in the town - the English teacher Dr. Humphries and the honorary consul Charlie Fortnum. The main character includes the writer Jorge Julio Saavedra, who writes long, boring novels, full of the spirit of machismo (the cult of masculine strength and valor), an integral feature of Latin Americans.
On this day, the doctor does not want to return home - he is afraid that Clara, the wife of Charlie Fortnum, who has long been in love with him and is expecting a child from him, will call. The honorary consul himself was invited to dinner with the governor to be a translator for the honored guest - the American ambassador. The doctor does not want to meet her, because he fears that Fortnum will return home too early and find them at the crime scene. Having had dinner with Humphries and having played two games of chess, the doctor goes home.
At two o'clock in the morning he was woken up by a telephone - underground workers crossing from Paraguay called to seize the American ambassador in order to exchange him for political prisoners. Among the "revolutionaries" are two classmates of the doctor, to whom he out of friendship gave information about the whereabouts of the ambassador. They ask him to come urgently, because the hostage is at death. Doctors are tormented by misgivings.
He is brought to Bidonville, the quarter of the poor, where mud never dries, there is no drinking water and any amenities, and rickety, sick from malnutrition children run around. The hostage is kept in one of the huts. He is unconscious from an overdose of sleeping pills. Entering the patient, the doctor recognizes in him the honorary consul Charlie Fortnum, who was captured instead of the ambassador. Waking up, Fortnum also recognizes the doctor. Plarr advises him to let go, but his friends: former priest Leon Rivas and Aquino Ribera - are afraid to disobey the group leader El Tigre. In addition, they hope in exchange for Fortum's life to demand the release of ten political prisoners, including the father of the doctor (they were going to ask twenty for the American ambassador). In vain, Plarr is trying to prove that the honorary consul is too small for the Americans to quarrel with the General for his sake.
Dr. Plarr recalls how he met Fortnum. Somehow, a few weeks after his arrival from Buenos Aires, the doctor passed by the Italian club - a small restaurant where the Hungarian cook knew how to cook only goulash - and Dr. Humphries called out to him. He needed help to take the drunk Fortnum home to the insole. At first Fortnum rushed to the brothel, but then agreed that the doctor should take him to the consulate, and talked nonsense along the way, telling, in particular, how he once hung the British flag upside down, and Humphries conveyed the ambassador to it. The doctor from this meeting left an unpleasant residue.
Two months later, the doctor needed to certify some documents, and he went to the consulate. Fortnum did not recognize him; he took a thousand pesos without a receipt for the documents and said that he was once married, but did not like his wife, although he dreamed of having children; that his father was a tyrant; that as a diplomat, he has the right every two years to write out a car from abroad that can be sold profitably ... The doctor prescribes a medicine for his pressure and advises him to stop drinking.
Two years later, the doctor finally dares to visit the institution of Seniors Sanchez. He comes there accompanied by Saavedra, who, after futile attempts to explain something to the doctor regarding the principles of his work, leaves with one of the girls. The doctor's attention is attracted by a girl with a mole on her forehead who has just been seeing a client, but while the doctor is struggling with a sense of disgust, she leaves with a new visitor. When the doctor visits there again about a year later, the girl with the mole is gone.
By chance, at the embassy, Plarr discovers that Fortnum married, and when he calls a doctor to his estate to examine his sick wife, Plarr recognizes a girl with a mole in her. Fortnum values Clara very much, wants to make her happy. Returning from the consul, Plarr relentlessly thinks about her.
They meet in the studio of the photographer Gruber, and the doctor buys her expensive glasses. After that, he invites her to his place, and they become lovers.
... In the morning after the abduction, the doctor goes to visit Clara at Fortum's estate. There he meets Colonel Peres, the police chief. In response to the colonel's questions, the doctor lies so ineptly that he risks incurring suspicion. The policeman realizes that Fortnum was abducted by mistake.
Later, the doctor recalls his first meeting with classmates who became fighters with the Paraguayan regime. Akuino talked about the torture he had to endure - he has three fingers on his right hand. Underground workers managed to recapture Akuino when he was transported from one police station to another. The doctor agreed to help them, hoping to learn something about his father.
Recovering, Charlie Fortnum tries to find out what awaits him. Having sensed a priest in Leon, he tries to pit him, but in vain. Desperate to persuade the kidnappers to let him go, Charlie Fortnum tries to escape, but Aquino injures him on the ankle.
Meanwhile, Plarr asks the British ambassador to contribute to the release of Fortnum, but the ambassador has long dreamed of getting rid of the honorary consul and only advises the doctor on behalf of the English club in their city to contact the leading newspapers in England and the United States. Colonel Perez is skeptical about this venture: a plane had just exploded from a terrorist bomb, one hundred and sixty people were killed, so who after that would worry about some Charlie Fortnum?
Plarr tries to persuade Saavedra and Humphries to sign his telegram, but both refuse, Saavedra, who recently received a negative review in the press, wants to attract public attention and offers himself as a hostage instead of Fortnum. With this news, Plarr goes to the central newspapers.
Returning home, he finds Clara at his place, but her declaration of love interrupts the arrival of Colonel Peres. During his visit, Leon calls and the doctor has to come up with explanations on the go. The colonel says that from the point of view of common sense it's illogical to save such an old man as the doctor's father, and hints that, putting forward a demand for his release, the kidnappers pay the doctor for some help. He is also interested in how the abductors could find out the program of the American ambassador's stay in their town. However, after finding out that Clara is here with the doctor, the colonel interprets his actions in his own way. Just before he leaves, he reports that in fact the doctor's father was killed while trying to escape, which he and Akuino made.
When Leon calls again, the doctor asks him in the forehead about his father, and he admits that he died. Nevertheless, the doctor agrees to come and do a dressing to Fortnum, but he is also left a hostage. The situation is heating up - no one took Saavedra's proposal seriously; the British government hastened to disown Fortnum, stating that he was not a member of the diplomatic corps; Diego, one of the "revolutionaries", lost his nerve, tried to escape and was shot dead by the police; Bidonville circled a police helicopter ... Plarr explains to Leon that their venture failed.
Leon is going to kill Fortnum, otherwise the hostage-taking will never affect anyone again, but while they are having endless discussions, the voice of Colonel Peres amplified by the speakers is heard in the courtyard. He offers to give up. The consul should be the first to leave, followed by everyone else in turn; anyone who comes out first, besides the consul, will face death. The abductors again begin to argue, and Plarr goes to Fortnum and suddenly finds out that he heard him talking about his connection with Clara. At this dramatic moment, Plarr realizes that he does not know how to love and that the miserable drunkard Fortnum in this sense is higher than him. Not wanting Fortnum killed, he hopes to speak with Peres out of the house, but is mortally wounded. As a result of the police action, everyone is killed, and only Fortnum remains alive.
At the funeral, Plarra Perez says the doctors were killed by the "revolutionaries." Fortnum is trying to prove that this is the work of the police, but no one wants to listen to him. An embassy spokesman tells Fortnum that he is being dismissed, although they promise to reward him.
But most of all Fortnum infuriates Clara's indifference: it is difficult for him to understand why she does not survive the death of her lover. And suddenly he sees her tears. This manifestation of feelings, even to another man, awakens in him tenderness for her and the child whom he loves, no matter what.
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text:
Q: Creating own dialog class, String reference problems with R.java I just making a class thats supposed to be a simple "Do you want to exit?" dialog for each of my activites in my application, and i have some questions. Im a beginner with OOP so dont be mad.
So this is my ExitDialog class:
public class ExitDialog extends Dialog implements OnClickListener
{

private Button dialogOk;
private Button dialogCancel;
private TextView dialogText;

public ExitDialog(Context context)
{
    super(context);

    final Dialog dialog = new Dialog(context, R.style.DialogAnim);
    dialog.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
    dialog.setContentView(R.layout.exitdialog);

    dialogOk = (Button)dialog.findViewById(R.id.dialogOk);
    dialogCancel = (Button)dialog.findViewById(R.id.dialogCancel);
    dialogText = (TextView)dialog.findViewById(R.id.dialogText);

    //How to reach any reference from R.java ?
    //
    //dialogOk.setText(getString(R.string.Yes));
    //ialogText.setText(getString(R.string.Exit));

    dialogOk.setOnClickListener(this);
    dialogCancel.setOnClickListener(this);

    dialog.show();
}

@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{

//Many people said on answers, that i must use **getId()** to compare
//these two views, but i can do just like this, bacause i got the message in logcat!
//but the dismiss() just not get called...
    if(v == dialogOk)
    {
        Log.i("ExitDialog", "dialogOk clicked");
        this.dismiss();

    }

}

}

I have 3 questions for you:
How can i reach my application's R.java file for String references?
As you see i commented out the getString(R.string.Yes) and getString(R.string.Exit) functions because i cannot use it in this outer class.
Any suggestions about who can i do this?
Second question is about .dismiss(). If i call this.dismiss(), my dialog just dont go away it is stays on screen, why is it occurs? How to dismiss then?
Third question is: How to get the parent activity from this outer dialog class? I need it to call .finish() on it, so my app can exit.
Any suggestions will be greatly appreciated.
Thanks.

A: First Question:
context.getString(R.string.exit);

Third Question:
((Activity) context).finish();

For question 2 I think your if isn't resulting to true. I wouldn't compare a View by it's memory address. I think dialogOk should be null in the onClick listener.

A: It is easy to get the string:
String a = context.getResources().getString(R.string.myString);

You do not use dismiss() within this class but within your activity when you create an instance of this class.
I think you are comlicating things by extending dialog class. Here is how to create a custom dialog
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/dialogs.html
If you really want freedom of creating a custom dialog then use a transparent activity and startActivityForResult
How do I create a transparent Activity on Android?

A: Don't extend your activity by Dialog,extend it by activity.Call your dialog activity like u call normal activity.But in manifest file add below line under your dialog activity:
android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Dialog"

and this above setcontentView of activity:
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);

You will be able to call Resource and dismiss() function normally as you do for rest of the activities.
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent=new Intent(YourActivityName.this,DialogClass.class);
                startActivity(intent);

            }
        });

Dialog Activity:
public class DialogClass extends Activity{
    Button button;
    TextView textView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        setContentView(R.layout.custom);

        button=(Button) findViewById(R.id.cancel);//belongs to xml file
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            public void onClick(View v) {
                finish();
            }
        });

        textView=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.ttt);////belongs to xml file
        textView.setText(R.string.app_name);
    }
}

A: for your 1st question
   static Context context = getApplicationContext();
   context.getString(R.string.app_name);

2nd question
   this will not work in outer class
   use context.dialog.dismiss();

A: for your first question "R.java file for String references?"
you can use gerResource().getString(R.string.exit);
for your second question : use dialog.cancel() or dialog.dismiss();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Mark Moran is an Executive Advisor to Plane View Partners, bringing an extensive industry track record. In addition, he is currently serving as an advisor reporting to Panasonic Avionics' President and CEO. Mr. Moran also previously served in an advisory role to Boeing's President and CEO of Commercial Airplanes, where he provided strategic guidance on the competitive position of Boeing's fleet services business and assessed the competitive position of the Gold Care product with key customers. Prior to his advisory roles, Mr. Moran was EVP Operations and Chief Operating Officer at Continental Airlines from 2004 to 2011 where he led over 35,000 employees including Flight Operations, In-Flight, Airports, Technical Operations, Food Service, System Operations and Cargo for the world's 5th largest airline. He managed a multi-billion dollar budget and reported directly to the CEO.
Mr. Moran's past experience includes multiple other executive positions at Continental Airlines. As a SVP, Technical Operations and Purchasing, he directed a combined organization of 5000 employees including Aircraft Maintenance, Maintenance Control, Technical Services, Purchasing and Material Services. As a VP, Maintenance, he led over 3500 employees including Aircraft Maintenance, Technical Planning and Training. As a VP / Staff VP, Technical Services, he was accountable for a 600 employee organization, including Engineering, Reliability, Maintenance Programs, Planning, Quality Assurance, Quality Control and Records.


Security information and event management (SIEM) tools were originally intended for compliance and log management. Over time, SIEM tools became the aggregation point for large volumes of security data and intelligence, and organizations deployed SIEMs to detect and investigate attacks with limited success. Log-centric SIEMs made it difficult to detect and investigate today's complex threats in a timely manner because they did not provide full visibility across an enterprise.
The RSA NetWitness Platform is an evolved SIEM – the centerpiece of an intelligent Security Operations Center (SOC) -- that provides end-to-end visibility across an organization's digital ecosystem that spans networks, transactions, applications, identities and user behaviors. Engineered to immediately detect high-risk threats on devices, in the cloud and across your virtual enterprise, RSA NetWitness Platform also optimizes security response processes to reduce attacker dwell time and make analysts more efficient and effective.
A complimentary copy of Gartner's 2018 Magic Quadrant for Security Information and Event Management can be viewed here. For more information about RSA and its solutions, please visit rsa.com.
 Gartner, "Magic Quadrant for Security Information and Event Management," Kelly M. Kavanagh, Toby Bussa, Gorka Sadowski, 03 December 2018.
*RSA was acquired by Dell Technologies; as such, the report positions it as "Dell Technologies (RSA)" to reflect the acquisition.
RSA offers business-driven security solutions that provide organizations with a unified approach to managing digital risk that hinges on integrated visibility, sophisticated insights and coordinated actions. RSA solutions are designed to effectively detect and respond to advanced attacks; manage user access control; and, reduce business risk, fraud, and cybercrime. RSA protects millions of users around the world and helps more than 90% of the Fortune 500 companies thrive and continuously adapt to transformational change. For more information, go to rsa.com.
©2018 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. RSA and the RSA logo, are registered trademarks or trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. RSA believes the information in this document is accurate. The information is subject to change without notice.


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Game Galleries
Ladies make winning start
Tornado Moscow Region 1 KRS Vanke Rays 2
The Lady Dragons took a big step towards reaching the Grand Final in their first season in Russia's Women's Hockey League. Two goals from Alex Carpenter earned a 2-1 victory at Tornado in the opening game of the playoffs and leaves Brian Idalski's team just one win away from booking its place in the final showdown.
However, this was a tough examination against a team that finished third in the regular season and a club that has won the Russian title nine times in its illustrious history. Tornado made a strong start, and took an early lead when Taylor Flaherty's tripping penalty enabled Lyudmila Belyakova to score in the seventh minute. Russian international Belyakova is one of relatively few Russian players to compete in the North American pro leagues, playing a season with the Riveters in 2015/16, and she scored on celebrated Finnish international Noora Raty, who is back between the piping for KRS during this playoff campaign.
After that, though, the Rays stepped it up. Our girls dominated the rest of the first period without finding a way past highly-rated Russian youngster Anna Alpatova. That pattern could not continue into the second period, but a tying goal finally arrived – albeit in unlikely circumstances. Flaherty found herself in the box again, but this time the home power play faltered and Melanie Jue launched a counter-attack. Her pass found Carpenter in center ice and our American international ace advanced to fire home from the deep slot with Alpatova slow to react to the danger.
Then, early in the third, Carpenter showed her class once again with a fantastic solo effort. Collecting the puck on her own blue line, Alex raced through center ice, evaded two Tornado defensemen and deked Alpatova to the ice before roofing a backhand to give KRS the lead. After that, a solid defensive performance closed out the game, and Raty finished with 28 saves to frustrate the home offense and claim the win.
The teams meet again in Dmitrov on Sunday afternoon, with the Lady Dragons one step away from reaching the grand final in their debut season at this level.


Ewing Flats Condominiums were built in the mid 2010s. Ewing Flats Condominiums are located in Evanston, Illinois on Ewing Avenue just north of Church Street. There are currently no homes for sale.
Ewing Flats Condominium home sales for the month of March stayed the same in volume when compared to last year, while the median sale price stayed the same.


Tintin in the Land of the Soviets on TheBookSeekers.
The classic graphic novel. The first of Tintin's black-and-white adventures. Sent on assignment to the Soviet Union, Tintin boards a train. . . but after an explosion, Tintin is blamed for the bombing, and he must make his way to the Soviet Union by stealth. Once there, he uncovers some shocking Bolshevik secrets.
Tintin in the Land of the Soviets by Herge has not been rated for age or fabulousness yet on TheBookseekers. There are currently no reviews for this book on this site. Click on the + buttons to include your own ratings!
Tintin in the Land of the Soviets is book 1 in the series Tintin. Tintin in the Land of the Soviets is an illustrated book and features the illustrations of Herge. It was written for young readers to enjoy. The book includes the characters Tintin and Snowy.


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Huskies Open New Year with Trip to Kutztown Wednesday
The Golden Bears defeated the Huskies 74-61 back on Feb. 22, 2017 at Bloomsburg's Nelson Field House. Three Huskies scored in double-figures in the loss, led by 23 points from Morgan Klunk. Taylor Montana (Berwick, Pa./Berwick) added 17, while Alex Ross chipped in 12.
The Huskies dropped their last PSAC contest at Lock Haven back on Saturday (Dec. 30) by a score of 66-57. The Bald Eagles led 16-15 after a tight, but back-and-forth first quarter. The two teams kept pace with each other in the second, going to the half with Lock Haven up 28-27 after 20 minutes. A cold-shooting third quarter ultimately doomed Bloomsburg, as the Huskies were out-scored 19-9 in the frame. Lock Haven held its double-digit lead for most of the fourth, with the Huskies getting as close as seven early on in the frame and within five later in the quarter. The Huskies shot 34.4 percent from the floor, just 19.0 percent from long range and 52.9 percent from the charity stripe. Montana led the Huskies in scoring with 15 points, while Meghan Corridoni (Exeter, Pa./Holy Redeemer) added 13. Leah Myers (York, Pa./Eastern York) also chipped in nine, while five other Huskies scored. The Huskies out-rebounded Lock Haven 44-41 in the contest. Montana also led the individual effort on the glass, pulling down a team-high eight. Alyssa Mack (Walnutport, Pa./Allentown Central Catholic) and Myers each also dished out a team-high three assists in the loss.
Kutztown lost at West Chester back on Saturday (Dec. 30) 76-58 in PSAC action. Kutztown never recovered from a slow start, being doubled up 16-8 after one quarter. Three Golden Bears scored in double-figures in the loss, led by 15 points from Alexis Smith. Gabbi Wright scored 12, while Rylee Derr added 11.
SCOUTING BLOOMSBURG
The Huskies score 55.9 points per game, while being sixth in the PSAC giving up 60.8. Corridoni leads the team individually in scoring averaging 7.9 points per game, while Montana is second on the team with 7.8. Mack also averages at least seven points per game, with a mark of 7.1. As a team, Bloomsburg pulls down 37.8 rebounds per game, while opponents grab 39.9 per game against them. Montana leads the individual rebounding effort, pulling down 5.3 per game. Myers has also been active on the glass for the Huskies, bringing in 5.0 rebounds per game. Taylor Sneidman (Mechanicsburg, Pa./Cumberland Valley) leads the team in helpers with 26, while Payton Spadaccino (Ivyland, Pa./Council Rock South) is second on the team with 25. Both Mack and Emma Saxton(York, Pa./Central York) have also recorded at least 20 assists, with Mack totaling 21 and Saxton with 20. Corridoni is the only Husky with double-digit blocks on the season (12), while Megan Brandt (Lebanon, Pa./Northern Lebanon) leads the team in steals with 11.
SCOUTING KUTZTOWN
The Golden Bears average 66.8 points per game, while allowing 69.3 points per game. Two players average double-figures in scoring in Derr (11.8) and Smith (10.4). Kutztown pulls down 35.8 rebounds per game, while allowing 40.1 per game. Keifonna Ferguson leads the individual effort on the glass for Kutztown, grabbing 6.6 boards per game. Taylor Thames is tied for fifth in the conference with her team-high 42 assists, while Wright leads the team with 10 blocks. Six players have recorded double-digit steals on the season in Ferguson (16), Smith (15), Derr (14), Kalee Fuegel (14), Thames (10) and Jenna Widdicombe (10).
Bloomsburg returns home to continue divisional play when they welcome Cheyney to the Nelson Field House. Tip-off for that game is slated for 3:00 p.m.
Labels: Basketball, Bloomsburg, Bloomsburg Univ., Sports


HOUSTON -- It wasn't pretty, but Kimbo Slice knocked out streetfighting rival Dhafir "Dada 5000" Harris on Friday night in the co-main event of Bellator 149.
The end came at 1:32 of the third round as referee John McCarthy called off the heavyweight fight after an exhausted Harris (2-1) collapsed to the canvas following a punch from Slice (6-2) that didn't appear to connect.
Harris, 38, who hasn't fought professionally since 2011, landed a fair share of punches in the bout, but he was visibly winded early in the first round. The 42-year-old Slice didn't look much better. The two leaned on one another, exhausted, throughout. McCarthy was forced to separate them numerous times due to inactivity. At one point in the second round, McCarthy stood Slice up from full mount.
The finish came under a chorus of boos. Harris was so tired he couldn't raise his arms, which allowed a lumbering Slice to take free shots at his chin. Harris was never knocked down from any of the shots, but the culmination of them eventually took an effect and he collapsed awkwardly in a heap. The Miami native was taken out of the cage by stretcher, but Bellator officials said he was able to sit and receive oxygen shortly after going backstage.
Slice, who is also from Miami, could barely stand during his post-fight interview. He showed no cosmetic signs of damage, but did absorb several left hands from Harris.
"I wish it could have been a little different," Slice said. "But hard work and the victory was ours."
The fight actually went to the ground numerous times, either by Slice takedowns or essentially by Harris willingly falling over to get a rest. By the second round, the 265-pound Harris could barely throw a punch, and the ones he managed seemed to have very little on them.
Slice is now 2-0 in Bellator. He earned a first-round knockout over Ken Shamrock in his promotional debut in June. Harris, the focus of a 2015-released documentary "Dawg Fight," suffered his first professional loss.
Lightweight Derek Campos (16-6) battered Melvin Guillard (32-16-2) with punches along the fence, eventually prompting referee Don Turnage to step in for a TKO finish at 0:32 of the second round.
Campos nearly knocked Guillard out in the opening seconds of the fight, as he dropped him during an exchange in the pocket. Guillard eventually survived after being taken down and got his jab going. The former UFC veteran never recovered after getting hit again early the next round, and appeared out on his feet for a while before the stoppage.
Campos snaps a two-fight skid. Guillard, 32, is now 2-5 with one no contest in his last seven appearances.
Light heavyweight Linton Vassell (16-5) defeated former champion Emanuel Newton (25-10-1) by unanimous decision (30-26, 29-27, 29-27) in a rematch of their 2014 title fight. Newton won their bout in the final round with a rear-naked choke, but was mostly shut down in the second meeting.
Vassell moved to full mount in the first and third rounds. He flattened out Newton and landed hard punches to the side of his head. In the middle round, Newton was docked a point for kneeing Vassell in the groin.
The win improves Vassell's career mark in Bellator to 5-2. Newton has now lost three in a row.
Emmanuel Sanchez (13-2) turned in a dominant third round to claim a split-decision win (29-27, 29-28, 28-29) over Daniel Pineda (21-12).
Sanchez, 25, struggled with Pineda's offensive grappling at times, but unquestionably landed the more efficient offense in the 150-pound catchweight bout. He scored punches from top position in the second and third rounds and hurt Pineda late on the feet. Pineda's right eye was badly swollen by the end.
Sanchez moves to 5-1 in the Bellator cage. His only loss in the promotion came against former champion Pat Curran.


The Los Angeles Dodgers received good news on Sunday, that infielder Jimmy Rollins could be inserted back in the line-up as early as Tuesday, September 15. According to, Mark Saxson of ESPN, Rollins has missed the last five straight games with a bruised right index finger.
The MRI showed no significant injuries but he has inflammation in the tendon near his knuckle. It remains to be seen if Rollins will participate in their game against the Colorado Rockies; it will be dependent upon how he reacts during batting and fielding practices.
But it may be beneficial for the Dodgers to let Rollins rest a few more days and give rookie Corey Seager some extra starts. He is batting an overwhelming .467 with five extra-base hits in nine games.
It will allow Seager to get more reps to get used to the Major league level and it also gives Rollins some more rest so he can stay fresh for October.


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RAHC - Remote Area Health Corps
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New eLearning module launched to help tackle Machado Joseph Disease (MJD) in the Indigenous population
The first free online training resource to assist health professionals across Australia understand Machado Joseph Disease (MJD) was launched at Parliament House in Darwin by the Hon. Warren Snowdon, Federal Member for Lingiari and Shadow Assistant Minister for Indigenous Health. The eLearning module, the first of its kind for MJD, was developed by Remote Area Health Corps (RAHC) in conjunction with the Machado Joseph Disease Foundation (MJDF).
All health professionals will have 24/7 access to the new MJD online eLearning module through the RAHC website (www.rahc.com.au/elearning) where the latest module will join with 15 other Indigenous health modules developed over the past number of years. Like the other modules in the suite, the new MJD module is free and approved for continuous professional development points (CPD). The module will be a great resource for those preparing to work remote and faced with seeing a patient with Machado Joseph Disease for the first time or those interested in Indigenous health in general.
Tanya Brunt, RAHC National Manager, said, "We provide support to urban-based health professionals so that they have the confidence to undertake short-term paid placements in remote Indigenous communities. As part of our support and training we have developed a suite of free eLearning modules that all health professionals can access at any time across smart devices.
"We're delighted to have partnered with the Machado Joseph Disease Foundation to launch the MJD eLearning module, which tackles the hereditary neuro-degenerative condition of MJD. With the growing numbers of Indigenous Australians affected by MJD, and the number of those 'at risk' increasing, we are happy to provide a more efficient way to meet the education needs of clinics and hospitals. Through improving education for health professionals our hope is that in a few years this disease is eradicated and is a thing of the past," she added.
The eLearning module takes around 2-3 hours to complete and covers aspects of MJD such as genetic features and prevalence, symptom management such and social and emotional wellbeing.
The MJD module has been developed to meet criteria for Continuing Professional Development programs with:
Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) 5 category 2 QI&CPD points
Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine (ACRRM) 2.5 hours of PDP
Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA)
You can have a look at the new MJD eLearning module added to our suite of eLearning modules by clicking here.
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location, yet (e.g. new records), and you could use 0 for out-of-service.
> which would often be the case.
> integers I have available in half. Not a big deal though.
> I'd have to see your SQL, but how are you checking for null and empty?
> set it to 0 if it IS NULL() for insert and for update.


Precious Crider-Woulfe was trained as an engineer and worked in systems design for over 20 years. She then served in the US Peace Corps in Bulgaria where she worked on ecotourism projects and wolf tracking (getting married there, pledging her children to communism). She will be retired before this sentence is finished. Then she might travel to survey national parks.
You can write to her at CriderWoulfe.


Southern Sun The Cullinan is is bringing back lazy Sunday lunches with special friends and family. The hotel is now serving its new Sunday buffet inspired by the hotel's Executive Chef, Lindsay Venn.
Enjoy the soothing sounds of the grand piano while you indulge in the sumptuous buffet selection. Start off your meal with a wide array of soups, pâté, salads and mezze platters. Mains include traditional Sunday lunch favourites, roast leg of lamb with mint jelly, roast beef and Yorkshire pudding and lemon and herb spiced roast chicken. Some other hot dishes on offer are barbecued beef ribs, bobotie, Penang fish curry with cardamon-flavoured basmati rice and butternut and spinach cannelloni. Diners should save room for the decadent variety of mini desserts: panacotta, crème brûlée, milk tart, cheesecake, chocolate mousse, lemon meringue, tiramisu martinis and seasonal fruit platters. There is also a luxury selection of local and international cheeses with crackers, walnut bread and seasonal preserves.
Sunday buffets are a dream for the whole family. Kiddies will delight in some of their favourite lunchtime treats like macaroni cheese and roast chicken pie. And then there is their very own action station for decorating mini cupcakes, pancakes and waffles with ice-cream, cream, caramel or chocolate sauce, jelly tots, jelly babies and smarties.
The Cullinan Sunday buffet takes place weekly from 12:30-14:30. Price per head is R185 and half price for children under 12. Complimentary underground parking for diners.


TALLAHASSEE — George Jenkins sophomore Anna Sentner took eighth in the 4A girls race in 18:42.37. It was an improvement from her freshman year when she ran 19:10.32 and finished 19th.
Teammate Amy Frisch was 37th in 19:50.89, helping George Jenkins take 11th overall. Jenkins No. 2 runner Alicia Ruiz, who has been sick, dropped out of the race after a mile because of dehydration. With Ruiz, the Eagles likely would have finished at least sixth and challenged for fifth.
Cristal Gomez finished 25th in 19:20.28 and Gabriell Rybinski was 28th in 19:29.82 for Frostproof, which took 15th in the 2A girls' race.
Three Lakeland Christian runners were in the top 60 of the 1A girls' race: Kennedy Lewis took 40th in 20:37.73, Sarah Bayes was 56th in 20:57.47 and Gretchen Caswell was 60th in 21:05.51.
Seth Martinez of Lakeland Christian was 33rd in 17:13.94 in the 1A boys' race.
George Jenkins' Brady Zimmerman was 75th in the 4A boys' race in 17:16.70.