text:
using SSO.General.Authorize.View;
using SSO.Helper;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.UI;

namespace SSO.General.Authorize.Presenter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 登录页面控制类
    /// </summary>
    public class LoginPresenter
    {
        public ILoginView LoginView { get; private set; }
        public Dictionary<bool, List<string>> PressionsList { get; private set; }

        public LoginPresenter(ILoginView loginView)
        {
            LoginView = loginView;
            LoginView.Submit += LoginView_Submit;
        }

        public void Initialize(Page page)
        {
            SSOCrossDomain cross = new SSOCrossDomain(page);
            cross.ValidationLogIn("CookiesTest", new TimeSpan(0, 1, 0));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用户登录方法
        /// </summary>
        private void LoginView_Submit(object sender, AuthorizeEventArgs e)
        {
            string userName = LoginView.UserName;
            string password = LoginView.Password;
            if (ValidationUserInfo(userName, password))
            {
                ////同域单点登录
                //SSOSameDomain sso = new SSOSameDomain(e.Page);
                //sso.LogIn("CookiesTest", new TimeSpan(0, 1, 0), userName);

                //跨域单点登录
                SSOCrossDomain cross = new SSOCrossDomain(e.Page);
                cross.LogIn("CookiesTest", new TimeSpan(0, 1, 0), userName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用户身份验证
        /// </summary>
        private bool ValidationUserInfo(string userName, string password)
        {
            if (userName.Equals("admin") && password.Equals("admin"))
            {
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Washington and Lee University W&L Students Employees Alumni Parents Visitors About Academics Admissions & Aid Athletics News/Events Student Life Support W&L
A-Z Index Directory Calendar Libraries Webmail
Support W&L
Report of The Commission on Institutional History and Community
Part I: Methodology
Part II: Reflecting on the Legacy of the Past
Part III: Physical Campus
Appendix A: Commission Member Biographies
Appendix B: Outreach
Appendix C: Origins and Development of Washington and Lee
Appendix D: Recommendations
Appendix E: Portraits on Display on Campus
Appendix F: List of Building Names, Markers, and Memorial Sites
Print Home President's Office Issues and Initiatives Commission on Institutional History and Community Report of The Commission on Institutional History and Community
Report of The Commission on Institutional History and Community Washington and Lee University
Washington and Lee University President Will Dudley formed the Commission on Institutional History and Community in the aftermath of events that occurred in August 2017 in Charlottesville, Virginia. In February 2017, the Charlottesville City Council had voted to remove a statue of Robert E. Lee from a public park, and Unite the Right members demonstrated against that decision on August 12. Counter-demonstrators marched through Charlottesville in opposition to the beliefs of Unite the Right. One participant was accused of driving a car into a crowd and killing 32-year-old Heather Heyer. The country was horrified. A national discussion on the use of Confederate symbols and monuments was already in progress after Dylann Roof murdered nine black church members at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Charleston, South Carolina, on June 17, 2015. Photos of Roof posing with the Confederate flag were spread across the internet. Discussion of these events, including the origins of Confederate objects and images and their appropriation by groups today, was a backdrop for President Dudley's appointment of the commission on Aug. 31, 2017.
President Dudley charged the commission "to lead us in an examination of how our history — and the ways that we teach, discuss, and represent it —shapes our community." He directed the commission to examine "how we can best present our physical campus to take full advantage of its educational potential in a manner that is consistent with our core values." He instructed the commission to "create various opportunities to engage in conversation with all corners of the community," and to "meet with existing groups whose ongoing work relates to some of these issues, including the Working Group on the History of African-Americans at W&L, the University Committee on Inclusiveness and Campus Climate, and the University Collections of Art and History Advisory Committee." The president had confidence that the university would "set a national example by demonstrating how the divisive issues confronting us can be addressed thoughtfully and effectively. That is what a university should do, and it is especially what Washington and Lee should do."
The president appointed 12 members, all drawn from faculty, staff, students and alumni:
Brian C. Murchison, Charles S. Rowe Professor of Law
Ted DeLaney '85, Associate Professor of History;
Melissa R. Kerin, Associate Professor of Art History;
Thomas Camden '76, Associate Professor, Head of Special Collections and Archives, University Library.
Elizabeth Mugo '19, Irmo, South Carolina, Executive Committee Vice President (elected Executive Committee President, April 2018);
Heeth Varnedoe '19, Thomasville, Georgia, Junior Class Representative to the Executive Committee;
Daniele San Román '19L, Port Jefferson Station, New York, Law Strategic Planning Task Force.
Mary Main, Executive Director of Human Resources;
Trenya Mason '05L, Assistant Dean for Law Student Affairs.
Alumni:
Cynthia Cheatham '07, Washington, D.C., Alumni Board Member;
Mike McGarry '87, Charlotte, North Carolina, Alumni Board President;
Phil Norwood '69, Charlotte, North Carolina, Rector Emeritus.
Nine members of the commission are alumni: Ted DeLaney and Tom Camden from the faculty; Trenya Mason from the staff; Elizabeth Mugo, Heeth Varnedoe and Daniele San Román from the student body (one year as a student qualifies a person to be an alumna/alumnus); and the three alumni representatives, Cynthia Cheatham, Mike McGarry and Phil Norwood. For the biographies of all members, see Appendix A.
From September 2017 through May 1, 2018, the commission worked in response to the president's charge. This report is that response. The report is divided into three principal parts, and it includes several appendices. The report's subject matter is necessarily difficult, involving close attention to problematic aspects of the university's history and physical campus. The president asked the commission to think openly and honestly about a range of such issues, and the process has been challenging. The report does not seek to diminish the many features that make W&L unique and well-loved by those who have worked and studied here, but it does seek to offer constructive proposals to make the university an even better, stronger institution.
Part I describes the methodology used by the commission to canvass the views of university constituencies. It offers a broad summary of views that were expressed, although it is important to acknowledge that not every view can be captured in a short summary. Appendix B therefore contains a more detailed inventory of the views that the commission received. Part I demonstrates that the commission engaged a wide number of individuals who are connected to the university and learned much about their views and suggestions for a sound response to the president's charge.
Part II — and its extension in Appendix C — addresses the history of the university. The purpose of this part is to begin gathering facts for a full and accurate understanding of the school's history, including information that is not always included in the telling of the W&L story. Part II does not purport to be a definitive historical account but is a first step in clearing away myths, liberties and exaggerations that, in the commission's view, should be corrected by the university as it charts its future path. The account is necessarily incomplete; as Lee himself wrote, "It is only the ignorant who suppose themselves omniscient." Much room remains for research and discussion carried out with intellectual honesty and humility.
The story of W&L is not simply the 19th-century background of the Civil War and the presidency of Robert E. Lee. The story includes the school's 20th- and 21st- century history, particularly its commitment to the liberal arts, its gradual shaping of a more inclusive mission and environment, and its eventual recognition as a premier American institution of higher learning. Part II makes a number of recommendations to further an accurate understanding of the school's full history.
In Part III, the report turns to the university's visual culture — both physical and virtual. The commission documented the dominant imagery used and displayed in highly visible areas of the campus, and analyzed the messages of the visual vocabularies and display practices. Based on this information, the commission makes a number of recommendations to change the physical and virtual environments of the campus. The goals are to create a more dynamic and inclusive atmosphere to align the school's visual culture more closely with its educational mission.
Finally, in its conclusion, the report reflects further on the president's charge, the work completed this academic year, and the steps that it recommends for the immediate future. Although the commission's recommendations are distributed by subject matter throughout the report, Appendix D brings them together in one list.
Commission on Institutional History and Community
Brian Murchison, Chair
historycommission@wlu.edu
GPS Information
Sexual Misconduct Resources
Washington and Lee University
204 W. Washington St.
Lexington, VA 24450
(540) 458-8400 | wlunews@wlu.edu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Art Classes & Creative Workshops
Meet Our Instructors & Artists
Mission & Events
Event Archives >
Festival of Lights at Achilles 2018
The Whole Ball of Wax, Part II
Festival of Lights at Achilles | December Exhibition 2017
Bad Wine (Good Cheese) & Worse Poetry: EGSA Bad Poetry Reading Fundraiser
The Whole Ball of Wax
Father & Son Exhibition | George Loli & Joe Loli
Shiny Fam & Friends: A Summer Reading in Lafayette
RHINO Reads Lafayette Poetry Reading
Poetry Event: EGSA Fundraiser
Earl Hebert
George Loli & Students Exhibit
Art Therapy Event
Ryu-Hee Kim
Yasaman Moussavi
See what George Loli and Joe Loli have been working on. New York meets Lafayette! Two artists, father and son. It's surely a night that you don't want to miss! There will be complimentary wine and hors d'oeuvres. We hope to see you all at the opening reception at Achilles on Friday, August 25 from 6:30pm-8:30pm. Cheers! On Exhibit until September 15, 2017.
George Loli
Biography and Artist Statement:
George Loli started painting and drawing at the early age of thirteen years old. By the time he was sixteen he was making religious paintings and frescoes in churches and cathedrals in Syria. Loli moved to Florence, Italy where he began his studies in architecture, earning a Dottore in Architecture from the university of Florence Italy at the same time attending drawing classes at the Accademia Di belle arte. After his studies in Italy were complete, Loli moved to New York City, where he worked for a year as an architectural designer before settling in Lafayette, Louisiana, where he taught at the University of Louisiana, Lafayette for 36 years in the Department of Architecture and Design, retiring in the summer of 2011.
George Loli continued his passion and interest in painting and drawing throughout his career, receiving national and international recognition in solo and group shows in Paris, France, Florence, Italy, and throughout Texas and Louisiana. Loli's works, as well as that of his students have been represented in numerous publications and reviews in architecture and design, painting media and design books.
"Sketching, drawing and painting are the great passions of my life. When I draw, sketch or paint, my goal is not necessarily to produce beautiful artworks, but, moreover, to try to capture the quality and the spirit of a particular space. I search for balance, mood and light to help communicate the essence of that place and its architecture – changing palate, procedure and/or medium in order to do so."
"Turning a corner in an unfamiliar environment, a village, city or town and becoming one with the space is what energizes me. Travelling and discovery become essential to the passion I feel when drawing or painting. Capturing the essence of a new environment, helping to satisfy the yearning for expressing and capturing that new experience, is essential to my expressions in art."
"My goal is to see the entire world and to sketch and paint it...
stone by stone" - George Loli
Featured Works of George Loli:
Joe Loli
Artist Statement & Biography
"My background is in the Classics, where I studied philosophy, literature and art. Personally, there is an immediate and unparalleled satisfaction that one derives from participating in and sharing with the educational history of others. As a result, I have spent the past decade teaching English as a Second Language at the major Universities in New York City. To me, Teaching is a kinetic art in itself. But now I am in a new stage in life. I have been heavily focused on developing and redefining my art as the medium to express who I am and how I see life. It is important, maybe even necessary, for me to be heard. I have a message and I want to share. The core of the art I have created is a result of careful calculation and sincere passion. I can confidently say that I believe in my style, which is germane to the zeitgeist and has a focus due to my strong multidisciplinary background" - Joe Loli
Featured Works of Joe Loli
immerse yourself in creativity @ Achilles
Fine art school
fostering arts education & creativity in acadiana
Explore, imagine, create @ achilles
SHARE THE ACHILLES CREATIVE
Achilles Print Studio's goal is to foster a creative learning environment
through printmaking, art classes, workshops, lectures, and gallery space.
Achilles Print Studio, LLC
912 Coolidge Blvd.
Lafayette, LA 70503
Phone: 337-534-8491
jessica@achillesprintstudio.com
"Way to go, Jessica! Jessica Moore is a very talented artist and instructor. If you are interested in taking some classes in printmaking, look no further than the Achilles Print Studio."
"Best art school in town! I am an instructor at Achilles and I very much enjoy the emphasis on fundamentals and technical information that can later be translated into any style"
"This studio is a long overdue concept brought to reality by a wonderful artist and dedicated young lady."
"Hi Jessica, Thank you for the considerate and professional handling of the workshop. It was a pleasure to study in your studio. Thank you."
"Really enjoyed the George Loli watercolor workshop. Great artist. And great hospitality by Achilles print studio!"
"Great writing class with Leigh Rourks!"
"So happy you're here!"
"I'm so proud of her studio!"
"Beautiful!"
"I'm enjoying this class."
"Great class!"
"Jeromy is a great art teacher. I'm so blessed to have taken classes from him."
"Amazing teacher!!!! Sign up for one of his classes. You will be so glad you did!! Thanks Jeromy!"
"Y'all this is an incredible studio!!! I take oil lessons from Jeromy... one of the BEST teachers I have had in my 10 years of painting... just signed my 7 year old granddaughter up for watercolor class with George Loli... my son took from a George in college at UL and said he is amazing. If you are even considering lessons for yourself or your child here do it!! You will be sooooo glad you did!"
By following us and subscribing your email, you'll be updated with upcoming art classes, creative workshops, exhibitions, and lectures. We will also update you with special promotions.
Immerse yourself in creativity at achilles
Achilles Print Studio is a Fine Art School & Gallery offering art classes, workshops, and lectures in multiple genres, such as printmaking, drawing, painting, and creative writing. We offer classes for all age groups and skill levels. Our mission is to foster arts education and creativity in Acadiana, by providing opportunities and resources for artists and writers to help enrich the community. We offer art classes and creative workshops every month as well as host exhibitions and lectures throughout the year. Our classes are taught by professional artists and writers who are experienced instructors. We strive for excellence in the arts and education here at Achilles. Please see our upcoming classes for more information about our instructors and class offerings. Thank you for your wonderful support from all of us at Achilles!
share the achilles creative
Please note that classes may take place outside of normal store hours of operation:
New Store Hours of Operation:
Tuesday - Friday: 10am-5pm
Sunday & Monday: By appointment
Explore, Imagine, Create at Achilles
www.achillesprintstudio.com | 337-534-8491
Copyright © 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 Achilles Print Studio, LLC


text:
Does Stack Overflow have (or need) rep milestone schools?
I've noticed quite a few questions on Meta where users have reached a rep milestone that involves unlocking review queues and thus encountering review audits, and they seem to be struggling with a lack of detailed information. There are a lot of questions about "Why did I fail this audit post?".
I realize that from one point-of-view, the argument could be made that once a user reaches a certain rep level, they should already have what they need to know, but that argument seems to me to make a lot of assumptions about the given user.
If a user reaches the point where they can access a given review queue, does Stack Overflow have a walkthrough or tutorial for those new responsibilities that individual users may choose to take on (Similar to the U.S. armed forces "Command School"), or is the audit process itself intended to serve this need?
discussion feature-request review privileges
Mark BenningfieldMark Benningfield
There is some guidance for Late Answer and First Posts. I would be aware of any other instructions. Your idea sounds interesting. Having a detailed guideline/instruction how to handle each of the queues would be good. – BDL Jan 15 '18 at 20:08
Earning rep doesn't give anyone any additional responsibilities. It provides users with privileges that they are allowed, but not responsible for using. If you choose to use a given privilege you're responsible for using it correctly, but most users do not utilize at least some of the privileges available to them, and that's perfectly fine. – Servy Jan 15 '18 at 20:11
@Servy: "If you choose to use a given privilege you're responsible for using it correctly" -- that's exactly my point. – Mark Benningfield Jan 15 '18 at 20:12
And yet in your question you say that users take on responsibilities for reaching a given rep milestone, which is simply not true. Users don't take on any more responsibility as a result of earning rep. They take on more responsibility by choosing to use privileges that they were given at a certain rep milestone. They need to choose to take on that responsibility. – Servy Jan 15 '18 at 20:14
@Servy Sorry for being direct here but, what is your point? Whether a user chooses to use their privileges or not does not negate the fact that some users want to use their privileges responsibly which is who this question is for, people who want to use their privileges and are struggling with a lack of detailed information. Would the question be more valid in your eyes if it said to acquaint them with the additional responsibilities that go with a particular milestone if they choose to use their privileges? To me, it's unneeded extra information. – Grumpy says Reinstate Monica Jan 15 '18 at 20:37
@GrumpyCrouton My point is that trying to tell people how to use a feature that they aren't, and don't intend to, use, is not helpful, and stating that people are responsible for thing that they aren't responsible for is problematic, as is any feature based on that premise. A question asking about providing useful information for people specifically seeking it out is indeed a much better question than one about forcing information on people who have no interest in it. – Servy Jan 15 '18 at 20:40
@Servy Nowhere does it say that anyone would have anything forced on them, but to have the information to simply be available (in my mind similar to the Tour or the How to Ask pages as examples), unless I am missing something. – Grumpy says Reinstate Monica Jan 15 '18 at 20:42
@GrumpyCrouton: You're not missing anything. – Mark Benningfield Jan 15 '18 at 20:43
@GrumpyCrouton It specifically says that when people reach a given reputation milestone they've taken on new responsibilities (which is false, as they have not taken on any new responsibilities), and that they should then be directed to tutorials at that time, to learn how to handle their new responsibilities (despite the fact that they have taken on no responsibilities at that time, and therefore shouldn't be presented with tutorials on the topic at that time). – Servy Jan 15 '18 at 20:46
@MarkBenningfield If your question doesn't intend to say that people are given responsibilities when they reach a given rep threshold, and that we shouldn't be presenting them with tutorials/walkthroughs/etc. when they reach rep milestones, then you should edit your question accordingly, because currently it says exactly that. Saying, in a comment, that your question doesn't say thing that it specifically says doesn't mean much. – Servy Jan 15 '18 at 20:47
I could have used some education when I got my first dupe hammer. – Mr Lister Jan 16 '18 at 8:28
It seems the comments here descended into an argument over the definition of the word "responsibility". According to the almighty Google, one of the definitions is the opportunity or ability to act independently and take decisions without authorization. So, without a doubt, that is exactly what is given with reputation. – DavidG Jan 18 '18 at 0:49
We're looking into making this sort of help available through a more 'just in time' mechanism in the future, but a lot of things need to settle down closer to being finally feature-complete (e.g. Review & Channels) before we can focus on it without digging into more technical debt.
An important thing to remember is that it takes a certain kind of user to actually want to use the features that they unlock; some people have six-figure rep yet seldom vote, much less review or cast close votes. We need to respect that as long as we're sure we didn't miss the opportunity to tempt them.
What's needed are three things, really:
Do a better job marketing the idea of community self-moderation, and the value proposition for individuals to actually want the additional responsibility. Badges are a nice non-intrusive way for folks to discover their new abilities, but we need more (non-intrusive) ways to tempt folks to use the tools that they unlock.
Give better just in time guidance to folks that start exploring the tools. We do a sort-of-okay-ish job of that now with brief introductory bits of text and help, but we don't do enough of it in a consistent enough manner that folks train on immediately spotting and finding value in learning opportunities. It has to be at least marginally more compelling than people's natural tendency to just dismiss anything that has an X in the upper right corner.
We have to make the tools suck less. Way less. This is happening now as we start untangling all kinds of technical debt in order to make Channels possible and figure out what sorts of moderation tools they're going to need, but the undertaking is enormous. This has the effect of pulling at separate ends of a twisted rope unraveling it gradually from one side to the other, but it's going to take quite a bit more work. No snazzy just-in-time help is going to seem effective if it's there mostly to work around wonky UX and strange use cases. I actually worry that we lose folks that want to do more just because the tools are too rough around the edges.
Stack Overflow as you see it today is almost a living chronological record of hundreds of small problems that we solved independently of one another after the initial launch that was thought to be nearly feature complete in 2008 (laughs and hilarity ensue). So before we can build truly admirable help into the system, we have to go back and add the polish that makes it seem like all of those features were thought of on the first day, and just lightly polished over time.
So if you look at any of the moderation tools in isolation, well, they're pretty darn neat; flagging and reviewing has made SO (and by extension Stack Exchange) one of the safest places on the Internet to ask questions. If you look at all of them together .. it looks like a bit of a disjointed mess that many people designed, which is .. well .. exactly what happened :)
As we keep pulling at ends and unraveling messes we're going to get better tools, which hopefully won't require as much explanation, and the system will do a good job of letting users know that they didn't necessarily do anything wrong, they just found themselves at odds with what other users thought (a very common reason for people to feel jarred).
I'm more than pretty confident that the messes we unravel thanks to Channels will finally make fixing the tools and finally providing decent help for our most engaged users much easier (starting with diamond mods, then reviewers, etc), but we really need to get there and strike that sense of UX consistency before we can build a more comprehensive system to make everything more self-guiding (which always makes me think of this from the original Total Recall):
.. but yeah, we definitely know we need it, which I probably could have said a bit more clearly in the first paragraph.
As far as the self-moderation tools go, I gather from the Meta posts that they could use some work, yes. But as I mentioned in another comment, I'm not sure the "clinics" would need to be much more than a notification and link. On the other end of it, I think most of the info is out there, it just isn't centralized, and it's a bit vague in spots. If that information were gathered together with one or two dozen (certainly no more) sample posts with discussion (sort of like an open audit), that would probably be sufficient. – Mark Benningfield Jan 16 '18 at 18:19
+1 for better tools. What is there now sucks. – jwdonahue Jan 16 '18 at 23:49
The illustration is awful. Please avoid using deadly weapons or people on the verge of death on Stack Overflow. – Cœur Jan 18 '18 at 1:29
@Cœur: It's not a deadly weapon, and the character is not on the verge of death. Have you not seen the movie? – Mark Benningfield Jan 18 '18 at 1:44
@MarkBenningfield no, I haven't, and it looks like a machine gun in the nose, ready to blow up the head. – Cœur Jan 18 '18 at 1:45
@Cœur: Well, I don't want to put a spoiler on the movie for you, so I'll just say that, while it may be one of the more "cringe-worthy" movie scenes of all time, it's not in any way lethal or deadly. – Mark Benningfield Jan 18 '18 at 1:49
Well he could have caught a cold due to the wet towel. He seemed to be fine the next days, but perhaps he just ignored the signs, due to the other distracting things happening around him. Then, after the movie ended, it threw him down… – Holger Jan 18 '18 at 8:32
The first time you review in a certain queue, it will display some guidance:
which you can hide (with the (less) link) once you're confident you know what to do.
The community has written some faq posts; for the First Posts and Late Answers review queues, there's this guide and there's also one available for the Triage review queue. There's also a more general and less detailed one on Meta Stack Exchange.
The two specific links you mentioned are mostly what I'm talking about; perhaps a bit more comprehensive. Maybe all that's needed is a notification / link to existing guides, so the user wouldn't have to search for them. – Mark Benningfield Jan 15 '18 at 20:24
While this the "more information" is available in all review queues at all times, a significant source of problems is that the "information" isn't clear or accurate in some cases. – Makyen Jan 16 '18 at 17:32
@Makyen: From what I've been able to piece together so far, it appears that there are a few (more or less) "guide/info" posts for the various review queues, with a fair bit of haziness around the edges. I think most of the information is out there, it's just not localized; and the haziness seems to be the rub. – Mark Benningfield Jan 16 '18 at 18:03
@MarkBenningfield Yes, he information is out there. The fact that it's not easily accessible to those users who want to use their privileges responsibly (i.e. in a manner consistent with community consensus) is a significant problem. While we don't need to inundate users with huge amounts of data that they must read prior to using a privileged, it would be very good to have the existing information linked on the pages which do describe it, so that users who want to be informed don't have to put out large amounts of effort to find the information. – Makyen Jan 16 '18 at 19:05
@MarkBenningfield Unfortunately, SE has demonstrated that they are uninterested in improving this (see above linked meta for request to make a simple change in text, which hasn't been acted on in almost 2 years). – Makyen Jan 16 '18 at 19:05
The Good The Bad The Ugly... is an old feature request of mine that was aimed at educating new users about good and bad posts.
It doesn't directly answer your question, but a mechanism like this could work to educate users in other areas of the site too, like suggested edits.
From the feature request:
The Good, The Bad & The Ugly Tutorial
The purpose of the tutorial would be to highlight what the community deems to be good and bad when it comes to posting.
On the right hand side would be links similar to the Asking help content, that could popup a dialog with a few short lines / bullet points that provide information.
In the tutorial, after each review item has had a decision cast on it, a dialog should appear alongside the question to highlight exactly why it was good, bad or ugly, so the users can see what is expected and hopefully learn from it.
TannerTanner
As I understand it, this seems to be pretty similar to the Review Audit process. – Mark Benningfield Jan 16 '18 at 17:51
@MarkBenningfield it was meant to be. It's aim is to show users actual site content and get them to judge it, with help available if they were unsure. Once they make a decision, they would then get an outcome telling them if their choice was correct or incorrect along with the reasoning behind it. I'll edit the post to add a bit more info. – Tanner Jan 16 '18 at 20:19
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged discussion feature-request review privileges .
Is there a guide for the Triage queue?
How should I get started reviewing Late Answers and First Posts?
Change triage guidelines for "requires editing"
Regarding the Stack Overflow close review queue
Manual audit validation to create highly-reusable unambiguous audits
Increase reputation requirement for triage
People are doing worst/nothing editing to gain rep then misusing those ids
Comments on First Posts / Late Answers should not count as reviews


text:
WoW's Future: Peace, and the Army of the Light
Posted on July 16, 2012 by Tyler F.M. Edwards
Although I will be discussing lore in this post, I also have some important points to make about the mechanics of the game, and particularly the role of factions, so no need to flee in terror if you're not so big a lore geek as me.
The Army of the Light:
You can be forgiven if you've never heard of the Army of the Light. Even for Warcraft lore nuts like me, it's a very obscure concept. To the best of my knowledge, it has only been mentioned twice in the entirety of Warcraft history.
The concept was first introduced in the novel "Rise of the Horde" by Christie Golden. It was part of the Draenei origin story, and provided an obvious counterpoint to the dark path taken by their Eredar cousins under Archimonde and Kil'jaeden.
Sargeras promised that the Eredar would be the generals of his Burning Legion if they pledged themselves to his evil crusade. Similarly, the Naaru accepted the Draenei into service and promised that they would one day lead an army of many races that would cast down the Legion once and for all.
So essentially, the Army of the Light is the anti-Burning Legion: a force of pure righteousness that will sweep across the universe, bringing order and justice to all.
Many have hypothesized that the Horde and the Alliance may be precursors to the Army of the Light. This would explain the Draenei's continued presence on Azeroth, and the Naaru's interest in us puny mortals.
But the concept seemed to be largely abandoned after that. Personally, I thought Blizzard had decided to drop that plot thread or even just forgotten about it.
But then came Velen's entry into the "Leaders of Azeroth" story series: "Prophet's Lesson." In this story, Velen has a vision of the Army of the Light confronting a nameless, shapeless darkness.
And lo and behold, the Army of the Light is exactly what many fans theorized it could be: a force formed from both the Horde and the Alliance, including humans, Tauren, Goblins, Elves, and even Undead and Dragons.
What's even more interesting, though, is who is implied to be leading the Army: Anduin Wrynn, the young prince of Stormwind.
This is probably the biggest revelation: not that the Army may yet come to pass, but that it may do so within a mortal lifetime. In other words, this could happen in a future game — it's not something thousands of years away that Blizzard could chose to never deal with.
Where lore and gameplay collide:
And this is where we abandon lofty theories on lore and begin to deal with the fundamental mechanics of the game. If the Army of the Light is ever to be realized in World of Warcraft's lifetime, that means there would need to be peace between the Alliance and the Horde.
This is somewhat far-fetched from a lore perspective, but it's even more improbable from a gameplay perspective. Blizzard has built WoW from the ground up with the polarization of factions in mind. There are language barriers, grouping barriers, and player versus player — not to mention the psychological rivalry Blizzard has instilled in many players.
Now, I make no secret of the fact I strongly dislike the faction system. I think it goes against the very concept of an MMO. Why should my aesthetic choice of a race and faction impact who I can interact with? I never wanted my paladin to be human, but she needed to be if I was to able to play with my friends on the Alliance side.
Aside from that, I feel the artificial rivalry between factions just leads to a lot of immaturity and general douchebaggery. I shouldn't be afraid to bring up the fact that I play both factions, but I am, because it usually leads to me receiving all kinds of verbal abuse.
It's also worth noting that avoiding factions seems to be growing more common in MMOs. Guild Wars eschews factions altogether, allowing all players to interact freely, and the factions of The Secret World are only segregated in PvP content.
But while I'd love to see the day when my Blood Elf warlock is grouped with my buddy the human death knight, I recognize it's not likely. Many people are attached to the faction system, and they would resent joining forces with their rivals.
Add to that the need to maintain a pretense for PvP and the fact that Metzen's been implying the war between the Horde and the Alliance will never end, and it seems like peace is something we'll never see.
But yet, the Army of the Light still taunts us. Blizzard's storytelling can be fairly scattered, but I'm pretty sure they didn't dig up this ridiculously obscure idea for nothing. Blizzard keeps hinting they have some grand plan for the future of the WoW universe, and it seems likely the Army of the Light could play into that plan.
And then there's Mists of Pandaria, an entire expansion devoted to decrying the evils of petty war. I've heard rumors that even Wrathion is trying to get the two factions to reign in their aggression.
Finally, there's Anduin Wrynn. As Terenas reminded us, no king rules forever, and when Varian is gone, his son will lead the Alliance. Anduin is a holy man. He believes in understanding and tolerance. He doesn't cling to violence and hate like his father, and he would seek peace wherever possible.
So lore seems to point us in one direction, but gameplay another. Can these two things be reconciled? Will Blizzard one day revamp one of the fundamental aspects of their game, or is the Army of the Light just a carrot to be dangled in front of lore fans?
Perhaps an even better question is, "Would uniting the factions be a good idea?" I personally am wholeheartedly in favour of it, but others might not agree.
What do you say? Is peace possible? Should it be? Would you be willing to put aside your negative feelings towards the other faction and join them in the final war against the darkness?
This entry was posted in Games and tagged fantasy, Warcraft, World of Warcraft by Tyler F.M. Edwards. Bookmark the permalink.
2 thoughts on "WoW's Future: Peace, and the Army of the Light"
Gga on July 16, 2015 at 5:40 PM said:
Surprising to read this 3 years later. You seem to have hit the nail on the head back then. Next expansion will indeed probably be AOL.
Tyler F.M. Edwards on July 16, 2015 at 7:31 PM said:
After no one (including me) believed the absurdity of the WoD leak, I'm never saying never about any rumours, but I will say the odds of that Army of the Light "leak" having any grounding in reality are infinitesimally small. Aside from the fact it's quite clearly a parody of WoD and Blizzard's supposed uncreativity, its one hard piece of evidence, its new race/class combos chart, has already been shown to be a Photoshop, and a very poor one at that.
Plus it's awfully soon to be having expansion leaks considering the announcement probably won't be until BlizzCon in November.


Twenty-two people are dead and thousands have been left homeless in Niger after torrential rains caused heavy flooding. Niger's minister for humanitarian action, Laouan Magadji said, the floods have destroyed more than 3,000 homes and nearly 4,000 hectares of crops.
Livestock has also been lost and drinking water supplies have been affected. He said that the southern regions of Maradi and Diffa are among the worst hit, and some 2,000 people in the capital Niamey have been left homeless after heavy rains earlier this week.
He also said the government and charities have already distributed food, clothing and mosquito nets to those in need.


Why does need a true Islamic organization?
Allah commands that all believers must be united. You cannot continue your true Islamic way of life isolating yourself from the rest of the believers, can you?
[The Holy Quran 3:103] You shall hold fast to the rope of GOD, all of you, and do not be divided.
[The Holy Quran 18:28] You shall force yourself to be with those who worship their Lord day and night, seeking Him alone. Do not turn your eyes away from them, seeking the vanities of this world. Nor shall you obey one whose heart we rendered oblivious to our message; one who pursues his own desires, and whose priorities are confused.
To promote and propagate the messages of the holy Quran through an organized and collective way. This was one of the main works of all Prophets (their scriptures) including Prophet Muhammad and his genuine followers.
[The Quran 5:67] O you messenger, deliver what is revealed to you from your Lord – until you do, you have not delivered His message – and GOD will protect you from the people. GOD does not guide the disbelieving people.
[The Quran 16:125] You shall invite to the path of your Lord with wisdom and kind enlightenment, and debate with them in the best possible manner. Your Lord knows best who has strayed from His path, and He knows best who are the guided ones.
Being the followers of God's messengers, we have had very important responsibilities. When there is no God's messenger around, you should work on behalf of a God's messenger. Is not it very prestigious work as well?
To advocate goods and forbid evils. Obviously it is a collective and organized effort.
[The Quran 3:104 & 110] Let there be a community of you who invite to what is good, advocate righteousness, and forbid evil. These are the winners." You are the best community ever raised among the people: you advocate righteousness and forbid evil, and you believe in GOD….
To advocate righteous and forbid evil is a community work. Therefore, righteous people must be united to work together. It should be mentioned that beauty of a true Islamic organization is that there could not be any discord for leadership. However, based on dedication, qualification and circumstances if an important position is offered by the organization you should not deny accepting so.
Please try to propagate the holy Quran in your own language wherever you reside and make organize similar-minded people around you and keep regular contact with us so that we know latest development and can help each other for the cause of Allah alone.
We see, general mass are too afraid of Islam due to corrupt and misguided people like, Taliban, al-Qaeda, ISIS, Jamaat-e-Islami etc. However, "True Islam" is the religion of peace, tolerance, justice, forgiveness, kindness and doing and practicing of all positive aspects of human affairs.
If you are active within any political party in your country, still you could join this non-political and strictly non-violence organization. By joining so, you could put pressure to your respective politicians so that they could read and follow the holy Quran once again and can see the beauty of True Islam.
If the holy Quran is followed at personal and state levels, everybody could be immensely benefited by getting a peaceful and prosperous life and no violence, fanaticism and extremism should exist in human society. May Allah forgive us and accept our endeavors to please Him.
A really good answer, full of raotanility!


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March 21, 2022 – BCCG British Chamber of Commerce in Germany
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Senator Elisha Abbo's absence stalls trial for alleged assault
August 20, 2019 Halimah Yahaya
File photo of Elisha Abbo (M) at the Chief Magistrate's Court in Zuba
The trial of a Nigerian senator, Elisha Abbo, caught on camera assaulting a woman in Abuja was on Tuesday stalled due to his absence.
Isaac Adeniyi, the defence counsel, said Mr Abbo's absence was due to illness.
The senator, who represents Adamawa North senatorial district, was arraigned at the Magistrate Court in Kubwa, Abuja, after a video showing him physically assaulting a lady went viral.
In the first five minutes of the 10-minute video obtained by PREMIUM TIMES, Mr Abbo was seen sitting on a generator near the entrance of the shop. He could be heard within this time making calls and asking some people where they were and how close they were.
Calls for Mr Abbo to be arrested and prosecuted intensified following this newspaper's publication of the video.
Mr Abbo's trial began on July 8 at the court where he was granted bail with a bond of N5 million.
The senator is facing a charge on two counts of criminal assault.
During the court session on Tuesday, the prosecution counsel, James Idachaba, told the court that the matter was slated for hearing and the prosecution was ready, "having served the defendant on proof of evidence as stated in section 350(2) of ACJA 2015."
Responding, Mr Adeniyi said "The defendant is not in court, the reason being that the defendant is down with an acute febrile illness. We have the surety in court and he came with the medical report from the hospital. We graciously ask to come back some other day."
Acute febrile illness is the medical term used to describe a sudden fever or elevation in body temperature.
When shown the report, Mr Idachaba said "We are just seeing the document for the first time, even though what is contained is an art of nature, every one of us here is prone to sickness. With so good faith on our path, having fulfilled the bail condition that says that when the defendant is not in court one of his surety should be in court to represent him.
Pleading further, the defence counsel said: "We are pleading with the court to give us another date, by this date, we hope he has been healed.
"On the service of proof of evidence, I was served this morning. If the court grants us this adjournment, it would also enable us to go through the proof of evidence," Mr Adeniyi pleaded.
Without objection from the prosecution, the Chief Magistrate, Abdullahi Ilelah, adjourned to September 24 for hearing.
How the assault occurred
Mr Abbo, a member of the opposition Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), had entered the shop at about 6:00 p.m. on May 11, a Saturday. The senator walked in with three young women to purchase adult toys, PREMIUM TIMES learnt.
But shortly after they began shopping for the toys, one of the three girls brought in by Mr Abbo started throwing up. She vomited multiple times, prompting the shopowner to remark that the woman should have vomited outside and not inside her shop, especially since she was not a child.
Mr Abbo, who was said to be agitated by the sudden illness of one of his girls, was said to have accused the shopowner of poisoning the store's air conditioner.
The shopowner's argument that if the air-conditioner had been contaminated, others in the shop would have also taken ill further angered Mr Abbo, and the two began exchanging words over the matter.
Just before the end of the first half of the video, an armed police officer walked in. Mr Abbo explained to the officer in Hausa that the woman insulted him and that he had called the assistant inspector-general (AIG) over the matter, who then assured him that he would call the police commissioner to call the Maitama Area Command. He also said he was disappointed in the shop-owner, with whom he said he had been friends for five years.
Mr Abbo, 41, said the police officer should take the shop-owner away. The shop-owner quickly called her father to inform him that Mr Abbo had called the police over the matter and that she was about to be taken away.
Mr Abbo asked the shop-owner to stop the call because he was talking to her, a demand the woman refused to accede to. Another man could be seen coming from behind the police officer to snatch the shopowner's phone from her.
Next, the shopowner's friend who had been standing nearby tried to intervene by pleading with the second man to take things easy.
"Oga, please take it easy now," she said.
Mr Abbo swiftly descended on the shopowner's friend, saying she was "very stupid" and slapping her repeatedly, including directly on the eyes.
The senator then demanded that the two women should be taken to the police station. He repeatedly told the shop-owner that he was disappointed in her for calling him a drunk and that he would have harmed her more and closed down the shop but for their friendship.
PREMIUM TIMES learned that the assaulted woman, who is nursing a child, was taken to a hospital, where she was treated for eye inflammation and other injuries she sustained during the attack.
Mr Abbo has since apologised publicly for the assault and pledged to ensure such does not happen again.
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Illegal Dismissal: Nigerian Army suffers fourth defeat in court


If you are new to modeling, be sure to read the notes and instructions (included within the spreadsheet), as well as the comments embedded within the cells which will help guide you to creating your own forecast.
I have spent nearly 15 years analyzing companies in various capacities. After earning a BSBA in Finance, MS in Accounting and MBA from Northeastern University, I began my professional career at PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) in New York as an Assurance Associate in the Financial Services practice, where I earned a CPA license. During my time at PwC I participated in a rotational assignment within the Financial Service Research Institute at PwC where I studied bank mergers throughout the financial crisis, drawing on my experience as an intern bank examiner with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) during my undergraduate career.
After PwC, I spent five years at an UBS Investment Bank where I worked first as a Capital Specialist, and then as an Equity Research Associate. During this time I became a CFA Charterholder. In my research role I built and maintained earnings models, contributed to research reports, and participated in client conferences, covering the Semiconductor and Semiconductor Capital Equipment Industries. I then moved to General Electric Capital Corp in 2014 as a Risk Analyst where I built regression models to predict asset losses based on various macroeconomic scenarios. After the sale of the majority of GE Capital's assets, I started a consulting firm which provides capital planning support to banks, in addition to running Gutenberg Research.
Each day we are directly influenced by the information we allow into our world: the news channels we watch, the communities we live in, the websites we visit. To explain what Gutenberg Research is, and to help you decide whether or not to use our website in your universe of information, I have summarized my thoughts on earnings modeling, equity valuation, and the equity research industry. I have also included my professional background, which highlights how I have shaped the beliefs that form the core approach taken in all of our Gutenberg Research programs.
I believe modeling is about educating ourselves on the potential prospects of a particular company. This education is derived through the consideration of past events, as well as potential upside and downside possibilities which could change the company's financial path. Our modeling efforts represent an attempt to organize the chaos of variables and forces which drive our theories of the future. At the center of modeling and forecasting, is the concept that as research market participants, we seek to have a reasonable basis for our ideas, whether we use them to make investment decisions, publish articles, communicate in an interview, or tweet a comment.
I am confident that anyone can create a model. In fact, we all model everyday. Whether we formalize it in a spreadsheet is a separate point. When someone asks your opinion about a product, another person, or a company, in your mind you will consider the different aspects which go into forming your opinion, before giving your response. This is what modeling means to me. The spreadsheet simply acts as a vessel for the various factors we have used to form our opinions.
My modeling approach does not encompass advanced Excel features or automation. Nor do I employ complex quantitative theories. I believe these tools drive people away from modeling, which contradicts the natural progression of knowledge. We all benefit from inclusion. Mankind's greatest achievements have come from many people collectively looking at the same problem (in this case the future prospects for a company). The collective thought and effective challenge is what enables us to reach a more accurate answer as a community of researchers.
I believe in simplicity over complexity. Sometimes we fall trap to the fallacy that complexity equals certainty. It does not. After reading through all the steps in my modeling approach, you may begin to believe that I have violated this basic concept; however, the detail used in my models is in fact relatively simple compared to the models of sell-side analysts at investment banks. After our model has been created, it will empower us to cut through the noise, and draw very simple conclusions about whether we expect a company's earnings and cash flows to grow or shrink in the future, and how that will compare to competitors or the broader market. These are the simple answers we seek. How we decide to achieve them is up to us individually.
Your belief on valuation may differ from mine. I believe that most equity markets are highly efficient, meaning all current information is incorporated into equity prices during market hours, at times of sufficient liquidity(1). As a result, I believe that stocks are never overvalued or undervalued, in the true definition of the terms. They are always fairly valued based on the information available at the time. The evidence of this point can be demonstrated by making a transaction. The transaction price proves that the true value of any asset (a security, commodity, real estate, art, anything) is what someone is willing to pay for it now.
If the market is efficient, why would anyone waste time modeling earnings for a company? The answer is that the market incorporates all information into its price discovery efforts: macroeconomic, political, competitive, and of course company specific upside and downside forecasts. The latter point is where I see the added value proposition.
I believe that the market's development of a future forecast includes a broad range of potential upside and downside cases. We can approximate the market's view using the consensus analyst estimates, although this represents a very narrow sample of market participants, typically with a broad range of outcomes. You could talk to 20 different analysts about the same stock, with 20 different earnings estimates, 3 different recommendations 15 different target prices, and 10 different approaches to how they reached their conclusions.
By entering your opinions about the earnings capacity of a company into an earnings model, you are forming your own view which may lie below or above the average. Naturally, this will produce a future valuation which is different from the current fair value. This is the reason we forecast, besides the pure joy of investigation and analysis which may be enough for many of you (as it is for me).
Valuation has a short shelf life. It is a very delicate concept which can disappear in the wind, the minute a geopolitical risk, economic downturn, emerging technology, or any other number of developments capture the market's attention. My view is we should not fight the market by implying things are over or undervalued. Instead we should continually challenge our own views and biases, stay true to our analysis, but incorporate new information as it is released.
This is why I emphasize the modeling of earnings and cash flow, and deemphasize exact valuations. As you build your earnings models I encourage you to challenge my approach in your mind, seek out other methodologies from other analysts and writers, and develop your own ideas of how efficient the market is, and how you should think about valuation.
Over time the Equity Research Industry has adapted to changing circumstances. In the early 2000s information equality took a leap forward with the passing of Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD), which prohibited the dissemination of material information to select analysts or investors. This changed the nature of the relationship between analysts and the companies they cover. At the same time technological advances continued to progress, making it easier for companies to communicate directly to investors, analysts, and news outlets. In general, the availability of data has also come a long way in the last 10-20 years, which has lead to the advent of contributor-based stock analysis websites, investment blogs, and even crowdsourced earnings estimate services.
The latest development in sell-side research at investment banks has comes in the form of a required change in pricing. Banks typically package their research products with equity trading services. Now regulators in certain markets are pushing to break the services apart, in an effort to improve cost transparency.
With the pricing change comes new pressure to cut research costs at banks. As market forces act on the industry, the quality of research, which has already declined relative to what is currently available free of cost, will continue its descent. Equity research reports are beginning to blend together, and it is getting more and more difficult to recognize the value proposition of multiple identical reports that track the earnings preview/review cycle. Analysts are to some extent incentivized to follow the pack in order to protect a stable, yet unremarkable, career. The pricing change will amplify this effect as many cling to a bygone era of growth and prosperity in research.
These forces have led the industry to become reactive instead of proactive. There is nothing more frustrating then watching all analysts cut their earnings and price targets after company management has decreased their guidance. What is the value in this research, when clients had no chance to execute on the recommendation prior to the announcement.
The improvement in information flow, rise of the independent blog-style stock analyst, and changing price environment for sell-side research, has brought the Equity Research Industry to a pivotal point in its history. I believe that the market for equity research will shift to favor those who are best suited to provide it. In many cases this will remain top sell-side analysts whose research is valued at or above the equilibrium point of its cost. However, sell-side research must shift to providing only primary high-value research, and leave the lower-end earnings preview/review style reporting to firms that can provide it at the lowest cost possible.
I believe these developments will drive the age of the truly independent analyst. While individuals have already proved successful in gaining recognition through investment articles and blogs, the next logical step is to move up the traditional equity research value chain, and add the sell-side's most valuable tool to the mix: earnings models.
Gutenberg Research will facilitate the next leg of the equity research transformation. Our consensus-based models will provide the basis for discussion, while our contributors will provide the voices, and the best analysts will rise to the top. At Gutenberg we are creating the platform for analysts, regardless of where they come from, to be recognized in all aspects of their work: Written reports/articles, backed by detailed analysis within their models, and explained in commentary.
Our Purpose: is to drive the evolution of equity research through financial modeling.
Our Goal: is to make earnings models for all publicly traded companies available to all research participants.
Our Vision: is an ultra-efficient research market where all participants are able to contribute their opinions in a challengeable environment backed by both qualitative and quantitative support.
Our Mission: is to grow the Gutenberg community, seeking out like minded analysts who share our vision for the future of research, and educate and empower those who wish to join our efforts.
The Gutenberg name and philosophy are inspired by the fifteenth century visionary and inventor of the printing press, Johannes Gutenberg. Gutenberg's press forever altered the state of communication and flow of information through the mass production of books, changing literacy from a luxury of an elite few, to a right of the masses. Now, taking a page from Johannes Gutenberg's book, we are making earnings models available to the masses, rather than tools available only to the highest paying clients.
We believe that our community's collective knowledge will provide the best forecasting insight; however, the complexity of hundreds of forecasting possibilities, coupled with thousands of different investing theories must be tamed to facilitate the discussion among analysts. To maintain order and cut through the convoluted web of potential forecasting approaches, we provide spreadsheet templates for analysis: our consensus-based earnings models which represent a "base-case" scenario. Our community members can then download these base-case scenario spreadsheets, and input their own assumptions to add their opinion related to a particular stock's earnings and valuation prospects.
GutenbergResearch.com: Internet-based community of financial modeling contributors. Members can access our consensus-based models, and share their model forecasts on our site. The Gutenberg Financial Modeling Virtual Intern Program also runs on GutenbergResearch.com, providing a modeling introduction to students interested in fundamental analysis, and creating a platform for modelers to showcase their skills to prospective employers.
The Equity Research Institute at Gutenberg Research: Provides live classroom and virtual modeling training including the Certificate in Financial Modeling Program.
Gutenberg Publishing Company: Publishes and distributes course content and the Financial Modeling for Equity Research textbook.


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What is FCL Shipping? What is FCL? What is fcl in shipping?
FCL and LCL are two common terms used in shipping under import and export business trade. We have introduced LCL shipment in last article.In this time, we are going to take about FCL shipping.
A full container load (FCL) is an ISO standard container that is loaded and unloaded under the risk and account of one shipper and only one consignee. In practice, it means that the whole container is intended for one consignee. FCL is intended to designate a container loaded to its allowable maximum weight or volume, but FCL in practice on ocean freight refers to a single container booked by a shipper to transport their cargo to simplify logistics and increase security compared to sharing a container with other goods.
Forest Shipping has been dedicated to provide FCL and LCL shipment service all around the world, especially for Amazon FBA shipment. Our company offers best services in container transportation and help with every aspect on transportation including warehousing, cargo consolidation, road transport to port, loading & unloading, customs clearance and documentation.


SHANGHAI (REUTERS) - At the height of the 2008 financial crisis, as Wall Street slashed jobs, Beijing took advantage of the disarray to poach top Chinese financial talent from overseas to help reform its stock markets.
Their idealism soon turned to cynicism. Their pay was a fraction of what they could earn in the private sector, and the CSRC didn't seem to value them. "Several years passed, and none of us got promoted," said the official. "Some of us didn't even obtain a concrete position."
Chinese fund managers say the exodus left Chinese markets in the hands of people who don't understand markets. "They don't have the same level of expertise as they did in recent years," said a senior Chinese derivatives trader at a foreign bank in Hong Kong.
Government directed 900 billion yuan (S$196 billion) into stocks, but indexes continued to fall after a brief hiatus, wiping out all the year's gains, and more than US$4.5 trillion in market value - more than Germany's gross domestic product.


Legal Q&A: Can Police Use 'Textalyzers' Without a Warrant?
Q: I recently saw a NBC news video that shows police with a new device that they plug into your phone and can see if you were texting while driving. It showed them pulling over drivers and using this device. It's my understanding that SCOTUS (Supreme Court of the United States) ruled they need a warrant to search your phone. Is what they're doing with this device legal without a warrant? Also, is this something that drivers who carry concealed could get subjected to during an ordinary traffic stop?
A. Texas & U.S. Law Shield Independent Program Attorney Edwin Walker responds: Thanks for the question. I saw that Rossen Reports segment on the Today Show as well. The device is called the "Textalyzer" (capitalizing on the name of the DWI machine, the Intoxilyzer). This indicates a very disturbing trend in the law.
This legislative session Texas became the most recent state to "ban" texting while driving, and several cities across Texas have created municipal ordinances against using handheld electronic devises while driving. These laws create a backdoor way for the police to possibly search a smart phone without getting a search warrant.
The SCOTUS case that you are referring to is called Riley v. California. Its primary holding was that the police could not search an electronic device without a warrant if they are looking for incriminating evidence of illegal activity such as contacts, emails, photos, etc. However, the SC mentioned that if the smart phone is the instrumentality of the crime or there are exigent circumstances, then it is possible that it could be searched by the police without a warrant. In these texting-while-driving crimes, it is clear that the phone is the criminal instrument. Therefore, a prosecutor would argue that the police are entitled to gather information from a smart phone without a warrant if they had probable cause to believe it contained evidence showing that it was used in a crime.
However, this position is definitely worthy of a good Fourth Amendment challenge. I would guess that most states will pass a law that will make it a condition of having your "privilege" to have a driver's license, that you have consented to have your smart phone searched whenever you are accused of texting while driving. The state legislatures have long been given constitutional approval to do this in the context of enforcing the driving while intoxicated laws, by penalizing drivers who refuse to "voluntarily" give blood or breath samples for alcohol testing.
One way to find out about how to deal with the Textalyzer is to attend a Gun Law Seminar near you. Our attorneys in various states will be covering new laws and how they affect your rights. Just select your state and look in the "Event Type" column for seminars with legislative updates in the descriptions.
I like the idea but how does this work if I were to hand my wife my cell and she makes a call on it or if I have hands free capabilities to make verbal calls and/or text?
My car has bluetooth/ hands free capabilities, what if I left my phone in the trunk. Could still receive calls but no texting abilities. Would this keep them searching my phone.
I sometimes text or read texts while sitting at a stop light. When the light changes, I put the phone down. Would this be considered "texting while driving" if I was not actually moving my vehicle while doing this? If that is OK, how can the Textalizer know whether your vehicle was in motion a few minutes ago while I texted briefly?
Is it reasonable to consider that the act of driving is suspended when the transmission remains in Drive whilst waiting at a traffic signal? I'd submit that any jury worth their salt would be unanimous in their rejection of any such suggestions.
In my considered opinion, any use of the phone when concurrently attempting to operate a motor vehicle is considerably worse than driving while intoxicated. At least the drunks are trying to pay attention to the road. "Texters", by definition, are not.
Your text is not important.
Is there a way that the textalyzer can differentiate between a hands free blue tooth device used to handle a phone call as opposed to a hands on cell phone?
What if you are using your phone as a MAP, such as google maps. That might look as if you were texting to the Police.
It seems to me that the State could get a warrant to examine your phone records if they needed to prosecute you. They don't need roadside access. That's a dangerous road to travel down. What's next, "Home- alysers" to see if you were doing anything illegal prior to calling the fire department? "Bar-alysers" to see if you were in a cocktail lounge prior to being stopped? Go ahead and laugh. In London, they're considering mandatory GPS devices on cars to see if you enter the city limits so they can tax you on your mileage.
Most folks aren't aware, but in using the locator function of your phone, there's already a GPS inside what you use to communicate with. iPhone have the 'find your phone' function… nothing more than another name for a GPS… LE functions are well aware of this. Moms & Dads frequently use this to track the whereabouts of their kids. Nothing stops the police from confiscating your phone as evidence, tracking your 'travels' and then either returning it to you, or saying Mea Culpa once they've had their hands slapped for a minor indiscretion… all costly to you having had to secure the services of legal representation… a slimy street to travel. NOT IN FAVOR of this, even a little. BIG Brother is already a bully, in my eyes.
In the case of alcohol testing, there has to be some evidence of alcohol use before an officer can subject you to a breathalyzer test. Therefore, it would only be reasonable for them to search your phone if there was evidence of texting. To search your phone without probable cause would be illegal. Additionally, if your phone is not in plain sight, it would be illegal for the police to search your vehicle or person for a phone of which to search for text messages. Even finding messages on your phone, they cannot necessarily prove that you were not pulled over on the side of the road while texting.
Is using SIRI to verbally text for me, still considers texting while driving? I use Siri , because I don't have to look numbers up, nor dial them. This wld be like using Bluetooth, or my cell buttons in my steering wheel.
This article is interesting, and of concern, as are those who continue to text and drive. Personally, if I need to text, I pull off the road, and do so in a safe manner, engaging my safety flashers. My question is this: Can this textalyzer determine if my cell phone was operating independently of my vehicle or just when I was in it… since I usually have it plugged into a USB port to maintain the charge. My incoming calls are via onscreen handsfree system per Honda.
What people need access to are secure and self-defending devices. Not going to get into a legal discussion but I do not believe one can not be compelled to provide a password.
A recent engineering project using a standard tablet sized phone has brought forth a secure and self-protecting digital device. With a fast command from the user, it will isolate the transceiver in the USB port (tape its own mouth shut) and connect the USB port to a power supply-like device that uses electricity to destroy the transceiver port in the "intruding device" without the slightest possibility of harming anyone. It detects a connection from an intruder, waits until the interrogation begins, the USB handshake as it is called. Then that's the end of the digital conversation for the offender. It's not original, just an outgrowth and more useful version of the 'usb killer', as it was called. Anyway, if you say "no", and then warn that unauthorized access will cause damage to their property, it is on them if they do not believe it. enFORCE your rights.
Indeed, there is no need to implement stage two and I do not advocate ruining equipment. Simply de-powering the port transceivers is enough to stop the snooping unless they take the thing away from you and to a lab.
Yes, before people get too unhappy about security.
Yes, Howard has a good question. One that actually would benefit everyone, regardless of the need. Plus, it is a great 'security' feature if your phone gets lots of stolen. Feel free to share the info… or source there of.
DO NOT TEXT WHILE DRIVING, unless you have a hands free method of doing so.
As a former LEO I can see this a both a 4th Amendment Nightmare and a Tool for good.
Nightmare: Any communication you are engaged in should be confidential, not one should be able to see what program you clicked on, what key stroke(s) you made nothing without a warrant. Assuming you are guilty before being able to prove it in my opinion is too Nazi'esque. Unless it can the evidence points to you causing an accident of some kind where property damage, injury of a person or a life lost was the result of your inattention.
Answering a call with blue tooth, would still be 'receiving a call'. Does the system note the difference, something NOT addressed in the video?
What if the phone is in your pocket, as I carry mine often; what if some taps are made by inadvertent contact with the screen, as happens with mine often? Yet, you were still involved in an accident, now you are guilty of 'swiping/tapping the screen, because it does not access what was or wasn't said and so on, correct?
Tool: In the event of a Accident and you lie to the officer saying you were not Texting and Driving, when you were; raises 2 issues… 1 You are distracted and you caused and accident of some kind, where property damage, injury of a person or a life lost was the result of your inattention. 2: you are lying to protect yourself, thus interfering with an investigation, which is a felony in may states. You should be punished for both.
In the event of suspected DUI/DWI driving, it would help if the officer can't smell alcohol, and the person said they had looked at their phone. Still a naughty, LOL. BUT, the officer can now use a tool to determine if you were on the phone, if you were, ticket done and STOP IT!. If it says your weren't, then were you lying because you are under the influence of a narcotic or drunk and need to be arrested because you are too stupid to call a cab or get a room (I have NO soft spot for drunk drivers)? Then you deserve to be charged accordingly.
Look there is not going to be an easy answer, we all have great opinions and we all have some kind of experience on either side of this issue. I admit I do at times, use my device like maps, calls, read a message and voice to text back. I would therefore deserve a citation for this when the law takes effect here in Texas. But then again, I don't want to be wrongly accused of something I didn't do after the law goes into effect, even if there was an accident. Sometimes those just happen for hundreds of other reasons, aside from texting/using your phone.
I think there is an easy answer, make all cell phone manufacturers automatically blank out the screen when the device is traveling faster than 10 mph. The blue tooth, microphone and speakers would still work but there would be no distraction that takes your eyes off the road. If cell phone use is for navigation purposes, there may be an app limitation to allow the screen to function only to show the navigation route but the settings would have to be made while the vehicle is stopped. If you are a passenger in a car traveling more than 10 mph, tough. Know that the inconvenience does not outweigh your life or the lives of others.
Not bad! And the technology is there. Good comment!
I text and ride my Motorcycle all the time by using Cortana. The machine would show i was texting but im actually just talking to my helmet, and vise versa. Microsoft has been using this technology on their phones for years.
I 100% agree, and this should be something that you cannot deactivate. I 100% agree that Bluetooth connection is still available and you could use use the Bluetooth via a headset. I know a lot of people do not like using Bluetooth headsets, but they'll wear earphones, what's the real big difference?
So what about passengers? Kids in the back seat? Good technology, but there is more to think about. I believe the new iPhone will have that feature as an option the user can disable. This would also require that the phone constantly track your location, to know when you are traveling that fast. Not cool to the people who enjoy their privacy. Just something to think about.
The phone already know where you are at all times. Location services is just something you turn on to let specific apps know where you are. The speedometer apps just do the math calculation to tell you how fast you are going. BTW- don't commit a crime while carrying your cell phone and claim you were not even there. The phone knows you were there. It only takes a warrant to make everyone else aware of where you were.
Nice idea, but you have now made the devices also unusable for all the people on public transportation or similar conveyances. For that reason, I don't think it is going to work. Too many city dwellers who ride mass transit or commuter rail would be unable to do the things that mass transit advertises as one of their bonuses.
Mass transit operators of trains, airplanes, etc. can broadcast a signal that would re-enable the screen for their passengers.
It's actually easier than that! I already have my android device set to send an automatic reply to texts. It detects the Bluetooth connection, and replies that I am driving, talk to you later. Having the screen go off would be extremely easy to do.
"Make all manufacturers…" I'm sorry,I have a serious issue with any statement that begins like that. Why is it the manufacturers problem to solve? What'd they do wrong? It also won't solve the problem because there are so many ways around software, there will be tool to circumvent it in no time. There are also too many legitimate times that you would be in a scenario where you aren't in violation of the texting while driving, so I don't buy your argument of sucking it up because even if it saves one life it's worth the inconvenience to all. I don't buy that for a minute. There are simply other solutions to try first before nuking the usefulness of a cell phone for those that live in states that allow texting while driving or have large commuter populations.
Going to the problem to find a solution is like asking a burglar how to protect your home. You Just might be the problem. Texting while driving with no regard for human life including your own is everyone's concern. No one is blaming the cell phone makers or asking them to find the solution. I just found one solution. The problem is idiots that don't know how to use cell phone responsibly. Our government has the power to protect against those who don't care. The fix is not a software thing. We all know that won't work. It's a hardware thing. It is way more than just one life we are talking about. It is an epidemic costing millions of dollars if not billions of dollars in injuries, deaths, auto repairs and property damage. Irresponsible and immature people should not own both a drivers license and cell phone. I guess you would allow arsenic in food because it's not the chemical companies problem of how it is used. Ask yourself at what point should the government protect you. Before or after YOU are dead. Because there is someone out there is who is now dead in the short time since this thread started from a texting driver.
I agree. The problem is the users', not the manufacturers, like holding bartenders responsible for what drunk drivers do. The idea is to protect people from irresponsible drivers. Other than heavy fines and jail terms, I'm not sure how to effect that without undue deprivation of liberty for the rest of us.
There's an even easier answer. It doesn't matter the cause of an accident. You caused one. Phone distraction, children, burger-eating, etc.
Use your phone and other electronic devices responsibly, but at the same time, knowing and accepting the risks. Just as driving, alone, has its risks. The government needs to stop trying to be everybody's nanny.
What if a passenger in my vehicle was using my phone while I was driving.
Don't forget exposing PHI and corporate espionage.


Ben Franklin's TechCelerator@Carlisle by CREDC is Now Taking Applications for its Next Business Startup Boot Camp!
CARLISLE – If you have been kicking around a great business idea, why not Accelerate it! The BF TechCelerator@Carlisle by CREDC, a partnership between Ben Franklin Technology Partners www.cnp.benfranklin.org and the economic development arm of the Harrisburg Regional Chamber is inviting budding tech-entrepreneurs to apply for its upcoming 10-Week Startup Boot Camp which begins on September 10, 2015. The program, which is now in its fifth year, provides designated, shared workspace, focused business startup mentoring, entrepreneurial support, and networking in an incubator setting.
During the course of the Boot Camp, you will have the opportunity to hear from successful entrepreneurs, business support professionals, and even private and institutional investors on how to develop a solid, fundable business model. You'll come away from this experience with a list of best practices, lessons-learned, and a comprehensive toolbox that will help you decide if the time is right to start your own tech-business. What's more you could be eligible to receive up to $10,000 to help you launch your business endeavor!
We are offering this program free of charge, but space is limited! The only commitment you have to make is for your time – two hours a week starting Thursday, September 10, 2015 from 4:00 – 6:00 PM at 453 Lincoln Street in Carlisle. Those chosen to participate in this exciting opportunity will have the chance to compete for $10,000 to help get their business off the ground.
About Ben Franklin Technology Partners, an initiative of the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development and funded by the Ben Franklin Technology Development Authority, provides operational assistance, entrepreneurial support, and investment capital to emerging tech-based companies and small, existing manufacturers for the purpose of creating and retaining jobs in Pennsylvania. For more information, visit http://www.cnp.benfranklin.org.
The Harrisburg Regional Chamber & CREDC serves as a catalyst for promoting growth and quality of life in Cumberland, Dauphin and Perry Counties by providing a unique blend of business, community and economic development and advocacy services under one roof to boost our economic vitality and livability as a region. The Chamber & CREDC has been accredited with five stars from the United States Chamber of Commerce.


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China says CO2 border tax will damage global climate change fight
As part of its national commitments to fight global warming, China - the world`s largest producer of greenhouse gas - has pledged to bring emissions to a peak by "around 2030".
BEIJING: A proposal by the European Union to establish a "carbon border tax" will damage global efforts to take joint action on climate change, China said on Wednesday, urging a push back against climate "protectionism".
The EU`s new climate commissioner Frans Timmermans said in October that research would begin on the new tax, which is aimed at protecting European firms from unfair competition by raising the cost of products from countries that fail to take adequate action against climate change.
But Europe`s proposals, together with a decision by US President Donald Trump to withdraw from the 2015 Paris agreement, would seriously harm international efforts to tackle global warming, according to a Chinese report released on Wednesday.
"We need to prevent unilateralism and protectionism from hurting global growth expectations and the will of countries to combat climate change together," Zhao Yingmin, China`s vice environment minister, told a briefing.
Any border tax would likely raise the price of Chinese goods in Europe, and Beijing believes it would violate a core principle of the Paris climate change agreement, which says richer countries should bear greater responsibility for cutting emissions.
Alhough it has not set targets to cut absolute emission levels, China has cut levels of carbon intensity - the amount produced per unit of economic growth - by 48.5% from 2005 to 2018, two years ahead of schedule, Zhao said.
The United States says the Paris accord is unfair to U.S. firms because it does not do enough to tackle emissions from competitors in China and India. China`s total annual emissions stood at around 14 gigatonnes in 2018, according to a study published by the United Nations this week, more than twice the U.S. level. China`s per capita emissions are around the same as in Japan and the European Union.
Beijing has promised "the highest possible ambition" when updating pledges next year, but it has not so far offered to revise its 2030 target, even though one expert says emissions could peak as early as 2022.
"The targets have been determined scientifically on the basis of economic development and current national conditions," said Zhao, adding that it would take "extraordinary efforts" to achieve them.
China was also making progress on its long-awaited efforts to build a nationwide carbon trading platform, Li Gao, head of the climate change office at the environment ministry, told the briefing, though he did not give a timeframe.
China pledged to launch the platform in 2017 as part of its Paris commitments, but it has faced a series of technical difficulties.
ChinaClimate changeCO2 emissions
Hong Kong authorities appeal for calm as major highway reopens


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Improvements coming for Indigenous communities with $300-million connectivity roll-out in Alberta
The provincial government and Canada have jointly put up a pot of $300 million to expand broadband access in Alberta.
"We know that rural, remote and Indigenous communities across the province need significant relief in that regard," said Service Alberta Minister Nate Glubish.
He said funding will be distributed in such a manner as to ensure the best value for the investments, meaning the most households that can be served by a project, but "also balancing the need for regional fairness ... and also ensuring there are Indigenous communities represented by these projects."
The specifics of the dollar figure that will go to Indigenous projects or to Indigenous Internet Service Providers in Alberta were not offered by either Glubish or Randy Boissonnault, federal minister of Tourism and associate minister of Finance, who joined Glubish for the announcement.
Edmonton-Centre MP Boissonnault was representing Gudie Hutchings, minister of Rural Economic Development.
The Canada-Alberta Broadband Partnership agreement sets the framework for collaboration to select and move forward projects from the $2.75 billion Universal Broadband Fund (UBF), a federal program that supports high-speed Internet projects in rural and remote areas across the country.
The UBF sets aside up to $50 million to support mobile Internet projects that primarily benefit Indigenous peoples, which includes projects along highways and roads where mobile connectivity is lacking.
In August, the federal government signed a memorandum of understanding with Alberta to match dollar-for-dollar the $150 million committed by the province to expand broadband in rural, remote and Indigenous communities.
That funding will provide "a tangible benefit," said Enoch Cree Nation Chief Billy Morin, whose community hosted the official announcement Dec. 16.
Approximately 80 per cent of Indigenous households in Alberta compared to 54.4 per cent Canada-wide do not have access to Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) target speeds for Internet. In Alberta, 67 per cent of rural households do not have access to CRTC target speeds for Internet compared to 65.2 per cent Canada-wide.
In 2016, the CRTC declared broadband a basic telecommunications service and set targets to connect every Canadian home and business to minimum network speeds of 50 megabits per second (Mbps) for downloads and 10 Mbps for uploads by 2030.
Morin said it was "good to stand up … and advocate and lobby" with the Rural Municipalities of Alberta to get the funding for expanded and improved connectivity.
Even before measures to combat the coronavirus pandemic were put in place in early 2020, Indigenous communities were suffering with education, business and opportunity losses due to lack of connectivity.
A July 2021 report by RBC, Building bandwidth: Indigenous youth for a digital future, clearly stated the need for highspeed Internet in rural and Indigenous communities.
"Addressing the gap starts with basics. The reality is, high speed Internet still hasn't come to large parts of rural and northern Canada, limiting online activity for many Indigenous Peoples," the report says.
"Narrowing that gap would enable Indigenous youth to become more proficient in the use of technology and increase long-term earning potential: levelling up on digital skills has been shown to increase wages for Indigenous workers by up to 36 per cent."
Significant infrastructure gaps in Indigenous communities were brought to the forefront during the pandemic as people were forced to work from home and school was taught on-line, both of which were dependent on spotty Internet connections.
"Highspeed Internet is no longer a luxury. It's a necessity," said Boissonnault.
"The pandemic has certainly highlighted the need, accelerated the need to make (improved connectivity) happen," agreed Glubish.
He added that he expected the private sector to "grow (the investment) to north of $400 million."
"This agreement leaves the door open for future collaboration between the Alberta government and the federal government. It is a framework to map out our future steps together as we continue to work on our shared goal of reaching universal connectivity. In this first stage we can begin making significant progress in illuminating the digital divide," said Glubish.
"Hundreds and hundreds" of applications to UBF were being reviewed in anticipation of project approvals in early 2022 and work would get underway next year, he said.
All Indigenous applications submitted to the general and large transformative broadband streams of the Universal Broadband Fund will be assessed and considered for funding.
Glubish said the hope was to achieve universal connectivity as early as 2023-2024. However, due to the supply chain interruptions such as fibre optics and electronic materials and industry capacity, he expected the work would take a couple years longer.
The province says it will require $1 billion to solve the connectivity problems in Alberta. The $300 million from the two governments and perhaps $100 million from the private sector was a "huge and exciting first step to tackling this problem," said Glubish.
Also on Dec. 16 and unrelated to the Canada-Alberta partnership announcement, the CRTC announced that four projects would receive up to $8.8 million in funding from the UBF. These will see approximately 680 households in five communities, including four Indigenous communities, in Alberta and Nova Scotia, impacted. The ATG Arrow Technology Group Limited Partnership service provider in Alberta will share part of that pot.
Arrow Technology Group is a First Nations owned company, an IT service provider for companies and First Nations communities operating throughout Western Canada. It is headquartered in Edmonton.
Freezing rain warning issued for Saskatoon, city suggests morning commuters 'leave early'


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Foster's return from knee injury delayed
Ben Foster (File)
Massa strike sinks Cosmos
Komphela demands quality
Ertugral lauds mental strength
Cape Town - West Bromwich Albion goalkeeper Ben Foster's return from a knee injury has been delayed until December, manager Tony Pulis has confirmed.
The England international had surgery in March after injuring his cruciate ligament and was expected to return next month.
"He had a little setback which pushed him back a little bit," Pulis told reporters.
"It'll be Christmas time I think. We've got to make sure we're careful," the manager added.
Boaz Myhill has come into the Baggies' squad in Foster's absence, and the team, who host Everton in the Premier League on Monday night, currently sit 12th in the table after six games.
Stoke City's Jack Butland has taken Foster's England place as back-up to Joe Hart and although the keeper will be anxious to force his way back into Roy Hodgson's squad ahead of next year's European Championships in France, Pulis has advised the 32-year-old to focus on his club career first.
"I think, having spoken to Ben, the most important thing is for him to get fit and start playing for West Brom again and if the Euros come for him then brilliant," Pulis said.
"The most important thing is he's got to get fit and get back into the team.
"He's up and running again now so fingers crossed he'll be ready to go before Christmas."
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