text:
TrueBeam™ System for Non-Invasive Image-Guided Cancer Treatment Receives Shonin Approval | Varian
{ "pageType": "news-article", "title": "TrueBeam™ System for Non-Invasive Image-Guided Cancer Treatment Receives Shonin Approval", "articleDate": "2011/06/15", "introText": "", "category": "Oncology" }
TrueBeam™ System for Non-Invasive Image-Guided Cancer Treatment Receives Shonin Approval
TOKYO, June 15, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- Varian Medical Systems, Inc. (NYSE: VAR), the world's leading manufacturer of medical technology for treating cancer with radiotherapy, announced today it has received Shonin approval from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) to market the TrueBeam™ system for image-guided radiotherapy and radiosurgery in Japan. Designed for the treatment of lung, breast, prostate, head and neck, and other types of cancer, Varian's TrueBeam system was engineered from the ground up to treat tumors with great speed and accuracy — including tumors that move during treatment as the patient breathes in and out.
TrueBeam features a multitude of technical innovations that dynamically synchronize imaging, patient positioning, motion management, and treatment delivery. Applicable for all forms of advanced external-beam radiotherapy including image-guided radiotherapy and radiosurgery, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and RapidArc® radiotherapy, TrueBeam can deliver treatments with a dose delivery rate that is roughly twice the maximum output of conventional systems. This makes it possible to offer shorter treatment times for patients, potentially enabling clinics to treat more patients each day and to improve precision by leaving less time for tumor motion during dose delivery.
"Intelligent" automation further speeds treatments and makes the technology easier for clinicians to use, with an up to five-fold reduction in the number of steps needed for imaging, positioning and treating patients. A standard intensity-modulated treatment that would typically take ten minutes can be completed in less than two minutes.
More than 220 TrueBeam systems have now been ordered by treatment centers around the world, and more than 65 installations are completed or in process.
Varian also offers the Trilogy® and Clinac® systems for image-guided radiotherapy, which have been approved for sale in Japan since 1995. There are now over 360 Varian treatment machines operating at cancer treatment centers across Japan.
"TrueBeam is Varian's most advanced cancer treatment system. It combines high dose delivery rates, image-guidance, RapidArc, and motion management capabilities, making it particularly well-suited for treating cancer of the lung and liver, two of the five most prevalent forms of cancer in Japan," said Makoto Yamada, sales manager for Varian in Japan. "We are pleased to be able to add the new TrueBeam system to the full line of cancer treatment technologies Varian can offer to our clinical partners in Japan."
Note: a high-resolution image is available in Varian's online newsroom, at this URL: http://varian.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=13&cat=35&mode=gallery.
Makoto Yamada
makoto.yamada@varian.com
SOURCE Varian Medical Systems, Inc.


Whelp time to find another boss to kill now.
Prepare for the "nerf warlocks" comments.
No UI mods, how barbaric!
What difficulty was this on, out of curiosity? normal, heroic, mythic?
It IS normal. People have been soloing raid bosses ever since vanilla (onyxia, Azuregos for exemple), and as basically any class.
Who was soloing Onyxia at level 60 back in Vanilla?
By a CASTER! I'm really surprised, amazing!
What did he drop though?
A lock soled Xaivus?LETS BUFF THEM!
I wish i had that lvl of skill man.
Again, sorry, if the question seems stupid, but i wish to know.
Incredibly indicative of the massive power spike having 4 raid difficulties per tier creates. This kinda stuff would have NEVER happened with 2 difficulties, which is where the game should have stayed.
You are mistaken. We affliction warlocks are actually tanks with a little more DPS than usual for a tanking spec. Just a smidge.
Well gj, but I am not a fan of this hobby. People will just assume locks are op and legion bosses are too easy.... keep in mind people, he is doing xavious on 10 man normal difficulty, he is wearing 2 legendaries (both of them are above average and boss was designed to be killed by people without any legendaries), he probably wears antorus set 4p (again no set bonuses were available for xavious), he is wearing bis trinkets, he is 100+ more ilvl than what xavious was designed, he has crucible bonuses and he is doing no tactics because his hp can afford him to even tank the boss. I believe a Dk would be able to do it too so no comment on the class.


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Home Lower School
The campus is located at the peripheries of the old city of Ramallah and on one of the main streets (Friends Street) connecting lower town with upper town. It is less than a hundred meters away from the Municipality Building and park. The campus is 13,323 square meters and includes many buildings, sports facilities and outdoor areas.
Main Administrative Building
At one time, the Main Administration Building of the Lower School was the sole building of the Friends Girls School in Ramallah and the first school for girls in the area.
Constructed in 1889, this was the hub of life for girls studying in the final days of the Ottoman Empire, with the first class graduating in 1895. This provided a boarding facility and educational space for girls from all over the region. The total area of the building is 1935 square meters.
The Lower School's Administration Building today is considered a historic building in Ramallah with its grand stone structure and beautiful arched windows. It is a multi-purpose building that serves as the epicenter of the campus with administration offices, teacher working rooms, science and computer labs, art and music classrooms and the library.
Old Principal House
Built originally in the early 1900s as the Principal's house, with a total area of 300 square meters, the building now is a house for the learning support department and the counseling program. It is one of the historic buildings in Ramallah with beautiful stone details. It is composed of two floors, one of which is a small underground, which hosts offices for the facilities team.
Whittier Building
Built in 1934 and named in honor of the Girls' School principal in the 1920s Alice Whittier Jones, Whittier Hall today houses classrooms for 4th and 5th grade students.
Shaheen Building
Completed in 1992 with the support from the United Nations Development Program, an addition to Whittier Building was built, providing much needed classroom space. The new extension was named Shaheen Building in honor of long-time school supporter, Aziz Shaheen. Today the building is home to 1st and 2nd grade students.
Kindergarten Building
Built with the help of graduates, friends and development organizations from the Arab world, the KG is the newest building on the Lower School campus. The building was built in two stages in 2012 and 2013 with a total areas of 2550 square meters. With its own parking lot, and a floor for each of the two levels of kindergarten, the facility has space for more than 150 students in grades LKG and UKG and play areas surrounding the building. On the top floor, a new multi-purpose hall, named after one of our major donors and former student Mr. Khaldoun Tabari, was completed to accommodate larger performances and assemblies for a Lower School student population that now exceeds 700. In 2017 with the help of graduates and parents, construction began for the addition of a third floor to the KG Building and is set to become the home for 3rd grade students.
Athletic Facilities and Playgrounds
The school has 2 playgrounds for students from 1st to 6th grade. The first is in the southeastern corner of the campus, with several playing mazes, swings and slides. The playground has sand flooring and is enclosed for the use of younger elementary students. Whereas the second is an older set of playground equipment with a maze, slides and swings that are located to the southwestern corner of administrative building with a sand floor.
The KG building has two playground areas. Established in year 2013, the first has a rubber floor with an adjacent sand playing area. This playground area is located inside the courtyard and has an abundance of equipment, including a balance bar, climbing complex and swings.
Turf Football Fields
Completed in 2012, the 2 artificial turf costumed size soccer fields are located to the west of the administration building. Previously, boys and girls played on dirt or concrete surfaces, presenting a variety of dangers. Now, our students and community have access to one of few artificial turf fields in Palestine.
Located at the southwestern corner of campus, the basketball court at the lower school is a hub for fun and activities for students, teachers and families. Always filled with games, sports and music, this space is a center of community. Students who attended the Lower School will remember fondly the activities of the 'Open Day', the music and games and the medals and trophies they received while playing on this field.
RFS Students Awarded with Buddies without Borders... 2023-01-12
Meet RFS Former Student & Attendee: Basem Hishmeh 2023-01-04
Merry Christmas & Happy New Year! 2022-12-24
Monthly Newsletter The Olive Press - Issue #45 2022-12-22

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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2020 Adelaide Perry Prize for Drawing – Finalists Announced
In News February 1, 2020
Image above: Jennifer Keeler-Milne, 6 sketchbooks (2019), paper, coloured pencil and card, 8 x 56 cm (each)
Congratulations to Jennifer Keeler-Milne, Jenny Bell and Maryanne Coutts who have been selected as finalists in the 2020 Adelaide Perry Prize for Drawing.
The Adelaide Perry Prize for Drawing is a $25,000 acquisitive art award among the most significant of its kind in the country. Inaugurated in 2006, the Prize is generously supported by the Parents and Friends' Association of PLC Sydney. Named in honour of respected painter, printmaker and draughtswoman, Miss Adelaide Elizabeth Perry (1891-1973) who taught Visual Arts at PLC Sydney from 1930 to 1962, the Prize attracts submissions from around the country.
PLC are pleased to announce that the judge for the 2020 Adelaide Perry Prize for Drawing, Dr Felicity Fenner, Associate Professor UNSW Art & Design, has selected 43 works for Perry Prize Exhibition from 29 February – 27 March at the Adelaide Perry Gallery.
Of the selection process Dr Fenner said, "Entries for this year's Adelaide Perry Drawing Prize closed on 8th January, as bushfires were raging across our country with catastrophic impact on the natural environment. Not surprisingly given the timing, this year's entries to the Prize were dominated by depictions of the land. Some artists envisaged the fires in full force, many drew desolate landscapes scorched to the ground, while others captured in images the apocalyptic smoke haze shrouding the city."
"While there was a sprinkling of other topics addressed amongst this year's entries – portraits, still lives, suburban streets, wombats and quite a few dogs – it was the landscape that dominated the entries and the selection of works for the exhibition reflects this. Many were of landscapes and natural phenomena drawn before the fires: the artists' respect for and preoccupation with their subject matter seems prescient in hindsight."
"Drawing has an immediacy not easily achieved in other media. The initial shock and ongoing grief felt by us all for the flora and fauna wiped out by the recent fires is eloquently captured by many of the works in this exhibition. In times of crisis, art can hold a mirror not only to the events of the day but to society's feelings in response. Collectively, the drawings selected for this year's exhibition offer an insightful and empathic response to the world in which we live."
The Adelaide Perry Prize for Drawing 2020 Exhibition of Finalists opening event and announcement of the winner will be held on Friday 27 February at 7.00 pm with guest speaker Dr Felicity Fenner, Associate Professor, UNSW Art & Design.
The exhibition continues 8.30 am – 4.00 pm weekdays and 11.00 am – 4.00 pm Saturdays until 27 March.
For the list of all finalists – click here.
Jennifer Keeler-Milne
"I made all these sketchbooks over 2019, culminating in the fire ravaged landscape one, created while the fires were burning on December 31. We had driven through this area called East Lynne, just north of Bateman's Bay on the south coast and witness the devastation.
All of the books are based on landscapes I've encountered. The first one (the black pencil one) was inspired after I saw the small rainforest area at Bundanon, where I had taken my students to draw for a couple of days. I then created a green version based on the same area. The black one is based on the view from the balcony of a friend's house balcony into the trees in the Upper MacDonald valley near St Albans." – January, 2020
Image: Jennifer Keeler-Milne, (detail of) 6 sketchbooks (2019), paper, coloured pencil and card, 8 x 56 cm (each)
Jenny Bell
"In the manner of a magpie attentive to the underground presence of a worm, these drawings came in a moment of revelation. Brisk and apparently imprecise they seize a fleeting awareness of the interface between the forces beneath our feet and the atmosphere.
The lifeblood of life on earth."
Image above: Jenny Bell, Study for Lifeblood (2019), charcoal on paper, 10 sheets, 42 x 148.5 cm (overall)
Above images: Maryanne Coutts, (details of) Katie (2019), bound book – mixed media on kozo paper, 32 x 17 cm
Maryanne Coutts


text:
Global Tennis Market Study 2015-2025, by Segment (Graphite, Boron and Kevlar, Aluminum), by Market (Professional Tennis Players, Adult Tennis EnthusiastsBoron and Kevlar, Junior Tennis Enthusiasts), by Company (Wilson, Head, Babolat)
Report ID:99SEnt20181803065
Date: Oct-18
Category: Entertainment & Sports
Tennis Racquet is a sports implement consisting of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of strings or catgut is stretched tightly. It is used for striking tennis in game. The main parts of a tennis racket are the head, beam, shaft, grip, butt cap, and strings. The global Tennis market will reach xxx Million USD in 2018 and with a CAGR if xx% between 2019-2025. Product Type Co...
Global Slot Machine Market Study 2015-2025, by Segment (Reel Slot Machines, Video Slot Machines, Multi-denomination Slot Machines), by Market (New/ expansion, ReplacementVideo Slot Machines), by Company (Scientific Games, IGT, Aristocrat Leisure)
Date: Sep-18
Slot machines are casino gambling machines with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed. Slot machines are also known as one-armed bandits because they were originally operated by one lever on the side of the machine as opposed to a button on the front panel, and because of their ability to leave the player in debt and impoverished. The global Slot Machine market will reach xxx Mil...
Global Percussion Instrument Market Study 2015-2025, by Segment (Traditional Percussion Instrument, Electronic Percussion Instrument), by Market (Professional, AmateurElectronic Percussion Instrument, Education), by Company (Gretsch Drums, Ludwig Drums, Remo, ? ?)
Percussion instruments are instruments which are played by shaking or hitting. There are many different kinds of percussion instruments. Percussion instruments are most commonly divided into two classes: Traditional Percussion Instrument, which produce notes with traditional raw materials, and Electronic Percussion Instrument, which consists of an electronic or digital sound module which produces...
Global Music Microphone Market Study 2015-2025, by Segment (Wireless music microphones, Wired music microphones), by Market (Studio, PerformanceWired music microphones, Audio for video, ? ?), by Company (Audio-Technica, Sennheiser, Shure, ? ?)
Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, hearing aids, public address systems for concert halls and public events, motion picture production, live and recorded audio engineering, sound recording, two-way radios, megaphones, radio and television broadcasting, and in computers for recording voice, speech recognition, VoIP, and for non-acoustic purposes such as ultrasonic sensor...
Global Effects Processors and Pedals Market Analysis 2012-2017 and Forecast 2018-2023
Report ID:99S2981803140
Date: Jun-18
Snapshot Effects Processors and Pedals is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds. Some effects subtly "color" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal set to its maximum level. Musicians use effects units during live performances or in the studio, typically wit...


These fabulous oval turquoise gemstone earrings have a great depth of colour and awesome flecks and patterns running through the colour.
The stone is approx 11 x 9mm and the earrings are approx 3cms in length inclusive of the silver hook. As with all our earrings, the silver is 925 solid sterling silver and is nickel free.


Do you have records from Ginaton Cemetery?
Get started contributing to Ginaton Cemetery. Use the button below to begin a simple step by step process to get started contributing to Ginaton Cemetery.
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Jewelry plays a vital role in everyone's life, because it enhances your glow during special occasion and portrays you as a unique person. However, huge collections of jewelry can turn your shopping process frustrating and confusing. Therefore, it's wise to know about the basic types of metal jewelries before starting your shopping process. If you are quite aware of the models, then your shopping process would be comfortable and worthy.Here are some of the popular metal jewelries that are dominating the present world:Gold jewelry:Gold jewelry has its own beauty due to the attractive nature of the gold. It is one of the precious jewelry that is still retaining its topmost position among the different metal jewelries. There are different types of gold jewelry that varies depending upon the amount of alloys add to it. Purest gold is said to be 24 karat, but it is extremely soft. So, other alloys are added to make it stronger and long lasting. During gold jewelry shopping, you must be quite aware of its karat rate which determines the worth of the jewelry. Depending upon the amount of metals mixed with gold, you can find different standards of gold jewelry such as pure gold, gold filled and gold plated. Therefore, it's important to carefully buy gold, because gold plated jewels have very little percentage of gold, but looks like a pure gold.
Platinum jewelry:This metal is considered more precious, because it is available in less quantity. This jewelry is expensive than the gold jewelry. Platinum will scratch more easily than gold and it provides antique look for the user.Silver jewelry:Silver is also a soft metal, so it is mixed with other alloys to make them stronger. It is not used often as gold. It is less expensive than gold, but make not have much glow or attractiveness.Steel jewelry:Presently, steel jewelry is emerging as a modern jewelry especially among young people due to its unique design and trendy look. Steel jewelry is available for all ages under different categories such as kids' jewelry, unisex jewelry, man jewelry and woman jewelry. One of the important reasons for its increasing demand is its medical uses. Steel has high resistance to corrosion and hypo-allergenic properties, which makes it into a medical instrument. Most of the body jewelries are made up of steel due to its healing power. Now, you can also find several trendy kids jewelry in steel. Besides, steel jewelry has many more merits such as beautiful metal, less expensive, long lasting, and its modern style.
These are some of the popular metal jewelries that are used often by the people. Nowadays, online retailers have simplified the shopping process and now, you can find huge collections of jewelry in the online stores. One of the added advantages of online shopping is that you can compare the rates of different types of jewels without any difficulties. Besides, few online retailers provide 30% of all profits obtained from selling jewelry for helping children with serious illnesses through "Make a Wish Foundation". So, remember that if you purchasing a jewel from these online retailers, you are also making a profitable purchase as well as helping a child. So, grab such opportunities and make a better contribution.


text:
Oakland gets extra day to prep for Mehserle verdict
A meeting was held Tuesday morning at the Oakland Office of Emergency Services at 16th and Martin Luther King. As they have been doing in the past weeks, high ranking officials from the California Highway Patrol along with the police and fire departments sat down to analyze data and develop plans to keep residents and businesses in Oakland safe.
"An extra day to bring in all the different resources together," said Deputy Fire Chief Mark Hoffman said. "We are analyzing data and we're further developing plans that I feel we've done a pretty good job developing, but I'll always take a little extra time."
One corporation that participated in Tuesday's security discussions was Amtrak. The railroad station located at Jack London Square is just a few blocks from the downtown area. Amtrak is working with local law enforcement to ensure the safety of passengers.
"We're prepared that there will be some people that are not oriented that way and we're going to be in a good position to address it," Hoffmann told ABC7.
Businesses were in a holding pattern Tuesday. Some storefronts are displaying a picture of /*Oscar Grant*/, hoping the display of the victim's image will keep any civil disturbances from impacting their business. At the Hotel Oakland, the maintenance supervisor has purchased dozens of sheets of plywood to protect the building and the hundreds of vulnerable people who spend so much of their time there.
"Well, we average, in the hotel itself, which is senior housing, we average about 400 people," said maintenance superintendent Ken von Behren. "And then, in the adult daycare, they have probably close to 200 people in there, and we need to protect them."
The Oakland Unified School District, concerned about summer school students and staff, has sent a memo to parents and community members to work with police and transit agencies to increase security around flashpoints, be prepared as they would in the case of a natural disaster, and instruct middle and high school students people to choose peaceful protest as a way of expressing their feelings.
One group, the General Assembly for Justice for Oscar Grant, has vowed to rally peacefully on the day of the verdict. But on Tuesday, members expressed their outrage that some council members are preparing a city-sponsored rally on the same day, same time and same location outside City Hall.
The group calls it a political diversion against their rally.
"People have had 18 months in order to try to heal the community and try to outreach to the family, and that has not happened. So, that's a problem," said Tracey Bell-Borden.
"But, if they do tear up property, this property is something that can be replaced the next day. Life cannot be replaced," Jabari Shaw said.
Five community centers will be open in Oakland on the day the verdict is read for anyone who wants to react to the verdict and speak their piece.


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Fantine è un personaggio chiave del celebre romanzo del 1862 I miserabili di Victor Hugo. Ella rappresenta l'incoscienza del primo amore, l'amore oblativo di una madre, oltre ad essere una vittima della morale bigotta dell'epoca.

La storia di Fantine viene narrata nel secondo tomo dell'opera, dopo gli avvenimenti legati al vescovo di Digne, Monseigneur Myriel.

Fantine entra nel libro sorridente, radiosa, innamorata, con i capelli d'oro ed i denti di perla, con un profilo degno di una statua greca che rappresenti la grazia e il pudore; esce di scena morendo disperata per il non poter riveder più la figlioletta, con i capelli ed i denti venduti per vestire la sua piccola Cosette e per comprarle medicine, dopo esser stata costretta a prostituirsi per combattere la miseria senza peraltro vincerla,  muore sotto le parole crudeli di Javert, che le dice che ella non rivedrà mai la sua bambina.

La storia di Fantine è un vero e proprio racconto nel racconto, e percorre la sua vita dalla nascita alla morte. Hugo le dedica molteplici pagine, scritte in maniera introspettiva, che commuovono il lettore con un quadro di una miserabile che si eleva come un angelo caduto nelle tenebre, il cui solo peccato fu l'amore, l'amore di gioventù e l'amore per Cosette.

La storia di Fantine

Le origini di Fantine sono perse nel buio di una miseria pregressa, perfino il suo nome le fu dato da bambina per le vie di Parigi, da un passante che l'appellò così.

All'età di dieci anni ella andò a lavorare come serva in una fattoria, a quindici cercò fortuna a Parigi. Qui incontrò Tholomyes, che fu invece la sua sfortuna.

Hugo dice che tra tutte le sue amiche
Fantine era la sola a essersi preservata dagli amori più a lungo possibile, ma a Tholomyes ella si concesse con l'ingenuità del primo amore che credeva lungo una vita.
Ma lui, insieme ai suoi amici, giocò un brutto scherzo a Fantine e alle amiche di lei. Un giorno di primavera del 1817, quattro coppie, tra cui Fantine e Tholomyes, fecero una scampagnata, ma a sera i ragazzi lasciarono le donne alla locanda con la scusa di preparar loro una sorpresa; la sorpresa fu un'irrisoria e gaudente lettera d'addio, in cui i ragazzi si dichiaravano reclamati a casa dai genitori e dai doveri della società, e dunque salutavano le ragazze senza rimpianti. Le altre ragazze risero col pensiero di seguire un consiglio che vi era nella lettera: "piangeteci in fretta e sostituiteci presto".
Ma Fantine pianse: dal suo grande amore, che per Tholomyes non era più di un sollazzo temporaneo, era nata una figlia: Eufrasia, per la madre, la sua piccola Cosette.
Nel paese dove dimorava, ella dovette andarsene, e andò a cercar lavoro a Montreuil-sur-Mer, in una fabbrica di Monsieur Madeleine (Jean Valjean), per poter sostentare se stessa ma soprattutto la sua Cosette.
Non potendo portare sua figlia con sé, poiché non sarebbe mai stata assunta se si fosse venuto a sapere che ella era una ragazza madre, la lasciò in custodia ai Thénardier, straziata dal dolore per tale distacco.
Dei Thénardier Fantine non aveva visto che una madre che vezzeggiava le sue due bimbe, vestite di abiti graziosi e ben nutrite. Non poteva immaginare che la signora Thénardier fosse spietata e crudele con qualsiasi creatura che non fosse suo marito e le sue bambine. In quella famiglia Cosette non avrebbe trovato che mancanze e bastonate, ma Fantine, ignara, continuò per anni mandare ai Thénardier denaro per il mantenimento di Cosette, denaro che loro utilizzavano per tutt'altro.
Di questo loro fare, gli episodi che destano maggior indignazione nei loro confronti e commozione  e pena per Fantine sono due:

Dopo che Fantine perde il lavoro in fabbrica perché si scopre che ha una figlia, i Thénardier le chiedono 10 franchi per comprare una gonna di lana per Cosette, che soffre il freddo. In realtà i 10 franchi servono per pagare dei debiti della infame coppia.
Non avendo alcun denaro, Fantine vende l'ultima sua consolazione nelle sere di miseria: i suoi capelli d'oro, che ancora soleva spazzolare con orgoglio la sera davanti allo specchio, nella sua dimora in affitto di cui ormai aveva dovuto vendere mobili, in cui non si poteva permettere di illuminare più di un angolo di stanza necessario a cucire tutta la notte per guadagnarsi pochi soldi.
Fantine pensa che almeno, ottenuto dalla vendita 10 franchi e avendo inviato ai Thénardier una gonna di lana, la sua Cosette sarà come riscaldata dai suoi capelli. In realtà i Thénardier avevano dato la gonna ad una delle loro figlie, lasciando Cosette con i geloni.

Sempre più spietati, i Thénardier chiedono a Fantine ben quaranta franchi con la scusa di dover comprare costose medicine per Cosette, che altrimenti sarebbe morta di febbre miliare. Fantine, seppure inorridita vende i suoi bei denti, i suoi incisivi superiori, ad un fabbricante di dentiere, per avere quei quaranta franchi che però non saranno minimamente destinati a Cosette, la cui malattia era stata inventata per truffare altri soldi alla sventurata Fantine.

In seguito, non paghi, i Thénardier pretesero 100 franchi, con la minaccia di buttare in strada Cosette. Fantine tracollò, e si disse
"che mestiere si può mai fare per guadagnare 5 franchi al giorno!?"…
aveva venduto i suoi capelli ed ora nascondeva sotto misere cuffiette la sua testa rapata; aveva venduto i suoi bei denti ed ora non sorrideva più per non mostrare un sorriso vuoto e sanguinante; pensò che la sua bambina sarebbe stata buttata in strada e si disse amareggiata:
"suvvia, vendiamo il resto!"…
E divenne donna pubblica.

Malediceva Madeleine per averla fatta licenziare, e si vendeva a uomini che la umiliavano e schernivano per i suoi capelli tagliati ed i denti mancanti. Non mangiava più e non beveva che acquavite per scaldarsi e per stordirsi, e non pensare alla sua condizione.

Mentre una sera si trascinava per le strade un borghese ubriaco la schernì più volte ed ella tacque; ma quando lui le getto della neve sulla schiena nuda, Fantine ci vide rosso e saltò addosso al borghese graffiandolo dovunque poteva. Intervennero i gendarmi e Javert volle arrestarla, ma intervenne qui il sindaco Madeleine, ossia Jean Valjan, che umiliò Javert imponendogli di scarcerar la donna. Fantine sputò sul viso del sindaco che ella riteneva causa della sua disgrazia, poiché l'aveva fatta licenziare, ma Madeleine ripeté l'ordine di scarcerarla.

Egli, ossia Valjean, viene dunque a sapere la realtà dei fatti, che la donna era stata effettivamente licenziata ma a sua insaputa. Si ripromette, allora, di aiutare Fantine, che tanto ha patito, e le promette che sarebbe andato a prendere Cosette e l'avrebbe ricondotta a lei, che avrebbe in seguito provveduto al sostentamento di entrambe, Fantine e Cosette, e che dunque la povera donna non avrebbe più vissuto né miserie né sofferenze.

Fantine dunque, seppur gravemente malata è tenuta in vita dal pensiero di riabbracciare la sua Cosette. Ma Valjean viene ritardato in questo suo intento dal processo in cui un altro sta per esser condannato all'ergastolo al posto suo. Non fa in tempo a riportare Cosette da Fantine: Javert smaschera Valjean davanti a Fantine, che quando sente che Cosette non le sarebbe stata mai riportata, spira, col cuore spezzato.

Seppure Valjean diede disposizioni di seppellirla con una degna sepoltura, il curato fece gettare il corpo della donna nella fossa comune, ritenendo che
"dopotutto ella era null'altro che una prostituta"

Scrisse su questo punto Hugo:
Fantine fu sepolta nella notte insieme alle ossa del primo venuto, subì la promiscuità delle ceneri; nella fossa pubblica, la sua tomba somigliò al suo letto.
Di lei Valjean dirà a Cosette, nel seguito del libro, quando la bambina gli chiede se la madre ora fosse un angelo: Si, per il martirio! [che ha subìto]

Ed Hugo, emblematicamente scrive:

"Cos'è la storia di Fantine? È la storia di una società che compra una schiava. Da cosa la compra? Dalla miseria. Dalla fame, dal freddo, dall'isolamento, dallo squallore, dall'abbandono. Doloroso mercato! Un'anima per un pezzo di pane: la miseria offre, la società accetta."

Voci correlate
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Altri progetti

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.458-inch bullets and create a powerful big game cartridge for use in lever-action rifles. He called it the .450 Alaskan, and it had a powder capacity slightly greater than that of the .458 Winchester Magnum, which enabled the big cartridge to exceed 2,000 fps with a bullet weighing 400 grains at a chamber pressure level easily handled by two rifles: the smokeless powder version of the Winchester Model 1886 and the Winchester Model 71. Alaska bear guides found the big cartridge to be just the ticket for preventing their clientele from being mauled by a hungry bear or gored by a bull moose in rut.
Then came a .50 caliber version of the same cartridge. As the story goes, Johnson acquired a Winchester Model 86 in .50-110 with a bad barrel and decided to make a replacement for it from a military-surplus machine gun barrel in .50 BMG. But rather than chamber the new barrel for the Winchester cartridge, he necked up the .450 Alaskan case to .50 caliber.
The latest version of this cartridge is the .50 B&M Alaskan, which was named for its developers, William Bruton and Michael McCourry. Both are fans of big holes through rifle barrels, and their cartridges of various calibers have given them plenty of excuses to head to Africa on a number of occasions for bullet-testing excursions on elephant, Cape buffalo, hippo and such.
Developed for lever-action rifles, the .50 B&M Alaskan case is formed by slightly necking the down Starline .50 Alaskan case so bullets made for the .500 S&W Magnum can be used. A rifling twist rate as slow as 1:20 will stabilize the heaviest of .500 S&W Magnum bullets.
An abundance of readily available .500-inch bullets in weights ranging from 275 to 500 grains gives it a practical edge over the original .50 Alaskan and its .510-inch bullet. In addition, molds are available from Lyman, RCBS, Redding and NEI for casting lead bullets of various weights. Reloading dies are available from RCBS and Hornady.
It should be noted that at .50 B&M Alaskan impact velocities some of the .500 S&W Magnum bullets are too soft for use on the larger game animals, especially inside 50 yards where velocities are still high. Most would likely work fine on deer, but for bears weighing much over 300 pounds as well as moose and elk, a stout bullet is in order.
McCourry has found the 500-grain Hornady at 1,800 to 1,900 fps and a custom SSK 425-grain all-copper hollow-nose bullet at the same velocity to be deadly on game as large as eland and giraffe, with excellent penetration and weight retention. I'm thinking either would work on any game animal in North America, and that includes grizzly out to 125 paces or so, but the ultimate bear medicine for this cartridge may be the upcoming 450-grain bonded-core bullet designed by McCourry and made by North Fork Bullets.
For deer-size game, McCourry likes the 400-grain Sierra Sports Master at 2,000 fps and the 300-grain Hornady FTX at 2,100 fps. Overall cartridge length with the FTX bullet is too long for the Marlin, a problem easily solved by slightly shortening the case. That bullet works fine in the Model 71 with a full-length case.
As powders go, IMR-4198, Reloder 7 and Reloder 10X have proven to be some of the better choices.
Recoil? Yes, there is some. For my Marlin 1895 in .45-70 I load 300- and 400-grain bullets to respective velocities of 2,100 fps and 1,900 fps and as is to be expected, recoil feels about the same as with those bullet weights loaded to the same velocities in the .50 B&M Alaskan. Push a 500-grain bullet to 1,800 fps in the .50, and while you know you are not shooting a .45-70, the recoil will likely go unnoticed on a rainy Alaska day with a big grizzly at 30 paces and closing fast.
McCourry says the Marlin Guide Gun is not a good candidate for the conversion because excessive drop in its straight-grip stock makes it less comfortable to shoot than Model 1895 variations with curved grips. I'm thinking the Model 1895XLR with its stainless steel barreled action and laminated wood stock is the ideal candidate for the conversion.
In a carbine this cartridge would be just the thing for a bear guide or for the fisherman who needs protection in bear country. For my own use I would prefer a 22-inch barrel. A bit more barrel out front would dampen muzzle climb a bit and also put muzzle blast farther from the ears. I'm thinking the longer tube would increase velocity by 75 to 100 fps.


text:
The Murder That Never Was
A/N: This was 'Blood Alley's' swan song, before both Miller's Court and the whole north side of Dorset / Duval Street were demolished in 1928 to make way for the London Fruit and Wool Exchange.
This is alleged to be a late photograph of Miller's Court and, though it could just as easily be one of the many other courts in Spitalfields, it gives a good idea of the dimensions of the place.
Jane Williams of Miller Court, Duval Street was found dead in her room on Wednesday December 29th, 1926. Later that same day Joseph Carson turned up at Bow Road police station to confess. Under caution he told police: "I have murdered a woman at Spitalfields today. I have come to give myself up. I cannot stand it any longer." He explained the victim was: "Jennie Williams, in a court off Gossett Street, Spitalfields, opposite a church. It was just before 12 o' clock today. I strangled her."
Carson, a 65-year-old inmate of West Ham Union Workhouse, didn't perhaps seem the most likely candidate, but the police were bound to investigate all the same.
The top line is probably our Jane Williams, being a resident of Stepney. If correct, she was 66 years old.
On Friday December 31st Carson appeared before Old Court police court. Mr Clarke Hall asked him if he had any questions to ask after the police sergeant had presented his case. Carson responded: "I did not do anything. The woman was dead, I found out." Hall went on: "That may be. We will inquire into that later on, but if you agree that what the sergeant has said is right you need not ask any questions."
"I do not deny I was upset," Carson said, "and may have said anything like that [confession], but I do not agree with it now. I know I did not murder that woman."
Detective Inspector Boreham asked for, and was granted, a remand so a post mortem could be carried out.
Reporting on the police courts in the Nottingham Evening Post, December 31st 1926.
The coroner's inquest was held on Saturday January 1st 1927 at Stepney, presided over by Dr R L Guthrie. Carson's confession was first related by a police sergeant, and then Dr R M Bronte reported the findings of his post mortem. He said there was no evidence of any injury or strangulation whatever. The Chelmsford Chronical of January 7th reported that "it was quite a natural death."
When Carson was given his chance to speak, he said: "It was a lie I told the police. I never strangled her." In response to Guthrie's 'were you in drink?' Carson went on: "No; I had only half a dozen drinks. You cannot get drunk on two shillings."
Summing up, Guthrie complained: "You were a foolish old man to give the police all this trouble." To the jury, Guthrie apologised, "I am sorry, gentlemen, that you have had all this trouble over a silly old man."
Chelmsford Chronicle, January 7th 1927.
On Monday January 3rd Carson found himself back before the police court. A detective reported the events of the inquest, and said he thought Carson was under the influence of drink when he made his confession. He was duly discharged.
Perhaps Carson really was just a silly old man. Or perhaps, just perhaps, he had had a sudden paroxysm of guilt over a murder he committed almost 40 years before in another little room in Miller's Court...
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Tags: history, jack the ripper
Jessica Powell 2 March 2016 at 12:19
hendrix 2 October 2018 at 11:01
A very interesting article and read. The area around brick lane, for all its 'regeneration' still has a lot of the old houses that would of made up the same sort of slums and domiciles from the era, nowdays they looks quaint in the urban backdrop. Its a shame Dorset street was missed by the reforms that redeveloped the slums in the late 1800s.
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text:
An Australian Declaration of Recognition
the case for semi-entrenched symbolism
Shireen Morris
Macquarie Law School
In June 2017, the Referendum Council tasked with advising on Indigenous constitutional recognition endorsed the historic Uluru Statement from the Heart and recommended a singular constitutional reform: a constitutionally guaranteed First Nations voice. Since then, the proposal for a First Nations voice in the Constitution has garnered the vast majority of public, political and scholarly attention. However the Referendum Council also made a second, extra-constitutional recommendation which has engendered little attention. It proposed that a symbolic, inspiring and unifying Declaration of Recognition should accompany the recommended constitutional change. The Referendum Council also recommended that the Declaration should be enacted concurrently by all Australian parliaments. This innovative extra-constitutional recommendation raises intriguing legal and political questions. What are the possibilities for a Declaration of this kind? Would a Declaration enacted by federal concurrence carry elevated and enduring moral and political importance in Australian life? Might it also be enacted to be semi-entrenched? This article explores the legal possibilities and potential symbolic power that could be enlivened utilising variations of Australia's federal unanimity procedure, as alluded to by the Referendum Council.
Melbourne University Law Review
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'An Australian Declaration of Recognition: the case for semi-entrenched symbolism'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
referendum Social Sciences
symbolism Social Sciences
constitutional reform Social Sciences
parliament Social Sciences
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Morris, S. (2020). An Australian Declaration of Recognition: the case for semi-entrenched symbolism. Melbourne University Law Review, 44(1), 267-313.
Morris, Shireen. / An Australian Declaration of Recognition : the case for semi-entrenched symbolism. In: Melbourne University Law Review. 2020 ; Vol. 44, No. 1. pp. 267-313.
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journal = "Melbourne University Law Review",
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Morris, S 2020, 'An Australian Declaration of Recognition: the case for semi-entrenched symbolism', Melbourne University Law Review, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 267-313.
An Australian Declaration of Recognition : the case for semi-entrenched symbolism. / Morris, Shireen.
In: Melbourne University Law Review, Vol. 44, No. 1, 2020, p. 267-313.
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AB - In June 2017, the Referendum Council tasked with advising on Indigenous constitutional recognition endorsed the historic Uluru Statement from the Heart and recommended a singular constitutional reform: a constitutionally guaranteed First Nations voice. Since then, the proposal for a First Nations voice in the Constitution has garnered the vast majority of public, political and scholarly attention. However the Referendum Council also made a second, extra-constitutional recommendation which has engendered little attention. It proposed that a symbolic, inspiring and unifying Declaration of Recognition should accompany the recommended constitutional change. The Referendum Council also recommended that the Declaration should be enacted concurrently by all Australian parliaments. This innovative extra-constitutional recommendation raises intriguing legal and political questions. What are the possibilities for a Declaration of this kind? Would a Declaration enacted by federal concurrence carry elevated and enduring moral and political importance in Australian life? Might it also be enacted to be semi-entrenched? This article explores the legal possibilities and potential symbolic power that could be enlivened utilising variations of Australia's federal unanimity procedure, as alluded to by the Referendum Council.
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EU Atlantic Action Plan: 6 billion euro of investments and counting
The EU's 2013-2020 Atlantic Action Plan has spurred over 1200 new maritime projects and nearly 6 billion euro of investments so far, according to an independent consultant tasked by the EU to take stock of the initiative at mid-term. Most of the projects target environmental protection and innovation, as well as improved connectivity and social inclusion.
In 2013 the EU launched the Atlantic Action Plan to boost the maritime economy of its five Atlantic States, i.e. Portugal, Spain, France, the United Kingdom and Ireland, and their outermost regions. By mid-2017, hundreds of initiatives had cropped up and started contributing to these goals, says the independent study:
• 500 projects are investing 2.1 billion euro on the environment – from developing marine renewable energy in France to novel biotechnological applications in Portugal
• 500 projects, worth 750 million euro, target innovations like broadband connectivity in remote areas of Scotland, or maritime spatial planning in Macaronesia
• approx. 100 projects invest 2.4 billion euro to improve accessibility and connectivity, mainly by developing port facilities in Spain and Ireland
• approx. 100 projects, worth 360 million euro, promote social inclusion, for example by improving tourism infrastructure in Wales or remote health monitoring in Ireland
The funding comes from a variety of sources: the EU (funds for regional development, R&D and the blue economy), but also the European Investment Bank, national, regional and private sources. The assessment indeed argues that with the Atlantic plan the community of stakeholders in the Atlantic Ocean area has grown stronger and better at raising funds for marine and maritime projects.
Some 20 projects, involving 320 international research teams, are not just European but involve our trans-Atlantic neighbours as well, thanks to the Galway statement and the Atlantic Ocean Research Alliance between the EU, the US and Canada.
The European Commission will use the results of the independent study – and of the public consultation that was held last year – to fuel a discussion with the countries concerned and improve the plan's performance even further between now and 2020. This could include more specific objectives and key performance indicators to assess results further down the line, and designing more joint cross-border projects, with greater involvement of coastal regions.
At a time when the EU is reflecting on the next generation of EU-funded programmes, such a revised Atlantic Action Plan could prove extremely topical and ultimately shape the countries' blue growth efforts after 2020.
Mid-term review Search for available translations of the preceding link•••
Study feeding into the mid-term review of the implementation of the Atlantic Action Plan
2013-2020 Atlantic Action Plan
Source European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/eu-atlantic-action-plan-6-billion-euro-investments-and-counting_en
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Although, no worries, not super respectful.
Stephen Colbert's show will run live, not taped, during the conventions.
"The Late Show" host Stephen Colbert will broadcast his program live during the Republican and Democratic conventions later this month.
Like most late-night hosts, Colbert usually tapes his show several hours before it airs. But that format can be limiting during big news events, he told Politico in an interview published Thursday.
Colbert's schedule change gives viewers yet another alternative to cable news for some of the latest stories from the conventions.
Convention speeches can run as late as 11 p.m. ET, meaning Colbert's team may have to make some very quick turnarounds ("The Late Show" airs on CBS at 11:35 p.m.).
He and his team "will bounce room to room ... and turn [news from the convention] into the monologue as quickly as we can," he said.
Colbert plans to be on the ground for some time during each convention, but will return to New York City each night to record the show.
The Republican National Convention will be held in Cleveland from July 18 through July 21, while the Democratic National Convention is in Philadelphia from July 25 through July 28.
Colbert is tapping a wide variety of guests to join him on his show. During the Republican convention, his guests are set to include Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), "Scandal" star Tony Goldwyn and comedian Keegan-Michael Key.
During the Democratic convention, he'll be joined by "Last Week Tonight" host John Oliver, former Rep. Anthony Weiner (D-N.Y.) and historian Doris Kearns Goodwin.


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It's always great to see Anya Benton at shows! She is so vibrant and she is a much more talented model in the industry. Any chance to work with her is a great opportunity to witness the greatness of a super model!
As her counterpart at the Coverking, the sweet model Laura Howard gave us beautiful smiles and mesmerized us for sure!


text:
Sally Johnson may stand for House of Deputies vice president
Sally Johnson
[Episcopal News Service] Sally Johnson, a seven-time General Convention deputy from the Diocese of Minnesota, said June 24 that she will stand for election as vice president of the Episcopal Church's House of Deputies if a clergy person is elected president of that house.
"I have been encouraged to seek the vice president's office and believe that I am being called not because I have the answers to the question of how we should change, but because I understand how the Episcopal Church is currently put together; what the rules are; and how decisions are made," Johnson said in announcing her intentions on her Facebook page. "I understand how to make change work, how to take a vision and making it a functioning reality. I have a proven track record of assisting people in making organizational and structural change in the Church."
"From my work in helping the Church strengthen its misconduct, Title IV, and background screening protocols, I know what it feels like and what it takes to challenge the church's usual way of doing business. I know, too, the good that can come from persevering in campaigns to change an entrenched culture."
Johnson, an attorney, is vice president of risk management and education with the Church Pension Group. She oversees the creation of resources to help leaders in congregations and dioceses prevent and deal with risks to their employees, members and visitors, as well as to their buildings.
Johnson, 59, led the creation of CPG's Safeguarding training series meant to teach church employees how to prevent child sexual abuse and adult sexual exploitation and harassment. Johnson also consults with congregation leaders and others to respond to reports of misconduct in the church.
She plans to retire from CPG by the end of the year, according to a June 22 posting on her Facebook page.
Johnson noted in her announcement that she has trained more than 500 people in safe church programs, and trained and worked with chancellors, canons to the ordinary, diocesan staff, other church leaders and seminarians in misconduct prevention and response, ecclesiastical discipline under Title IV, as well as in church polity, governance and canons.
"Perhaps most importantly as we seek to work together to change our church, I have trained and/or worked with nearly all of the bishops as a regular presenter at the College for Bishops and at House of Bishops meetings, and as an advisor on misconduct, discipline and canons," Johnson said. "I have good working relationships with many bishops across the geographic and political spectrum, and as vice president, I would be eager to continue collegial work with them for the benefit of the entire church."
Johnson began working for Church Insurance Co. in January 1998 and moved from there to CPG four years later. Prior to joining CPG, Johnson practiced law in Minneapolis for 19 years. She worked with personal injury and product liability cases, and was an advisor for religious and nonprofit organizations on a variety of matters.
She lives in Minneapolis with Kay Kramer, her partner of 32 years.
Johnson has been a General Convention deputy since 1994 and currently is the first lay deputy of the Minnesota deputation. Johnson has served as chancellor of the Diocese of Minnesota and currently is chancellor to House of Deputies President Bonnie Anderson.
Anderson has said she would not ask General Convention, which meets July 5-12 in Indianapolis, to elect her to a third and final term as president. Thus, an election for her successor will be held during this meeting of convention with nominations opening July 9, a "meet the nominees" reception that evening and the election on the 10th.
Thus far, the Rev. Gay Jennings and Martha Bedell Alexander have announced they intend to stand for election as president.
Canon I.1.1(b) requires that the president and vice president be of different orders.
Nominations for House of Deputies vice president will open July 10 and that election will take place the next day, July 11.
The office of vice president has been vacant since Feb. 15, 2010, when Diocese of Minnesota Bishop Brian Prior, who had been vice president, was ordained bishop.
At the organizing session of the House of Deputies on July 5, the house will elect a vice president to serve at the 77th convention. The Very Rev. Scott Kirby, retired dean of Christ Church Cathedral in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, and a deputy from that diocese, has agreed to be nominated to serve as vice president. Other persons may also be nominated from the floor. If Kirby is elected, he has indicated that he will not stand for election for any office for the next triennium.
The president-elect and vice president-elect take office at the adjournment of the regular meeting of the House of Deputies at which they are elected and continue in office until the adjournment of the following regular meeting of the General Convention. They are both eligible to stand for election for three three-year terms in each office.
President of the House of Deputies


The following contribution is from Jerry Neumann, an angel investor in The Trade Desk, 33Across, Domdex, CPM Advisors and Flurry and a co-founder of Root Markets, a quantitative marketing pioneer.
Once there was only one intermediary: the black box, the ad networks, AdSense. They operated on a model that I'm personally familar with from raising children: you get what you get and you don't get upset. Then the producers and users of ad inventory decided to grow up and take control of their own process -deconstruct the black boxes and start to learn themselves what works and why.
A network of intermediaries sprang up -densely interconnected but none irreplaceable (but still each their own little black box.). With this network, marketers and publishers can access and control data and learn by monitoring the seams between the various companies. They can also swap out any given intermediary for another if they think they will get better results. This evolutionary process, while painful, is leading us to not just better advertising, but better marketing. And the more atomic the process--the more intermediaries there are--the better our ability to experiment and discover.
But, then the issue becomes not how many intermediaries there are, but how much of the spend they are consuming. Several commentators, Jonathan Mendez particularly well, have noted that publishers get only about 20% of the marketer spend. For marketers, a better way to say this is that up to 80% of their interactive budget is spent on transaction fees. This is way too high: it should be less than 40%. In this sense, there are too many intermediaries, each intent on taking a large enough chunk out of the media spend that they might someday be worth what they promised their investors. The marketers are torn between wanting more granularity and wanting less transactional overhead.
The publishers think they want fewer intermediaries, but absent higher demand for inventory, having fewer intermediaries will not raise publisher CPMs. The opposite is true. If you don't believe me, plug AdSense back in and see what the single intermediary--Google--nets you. Publishers right now are price takers. There are two ways they can increase CPMs: make the marketers dumber by forcing them to forgo the quantitative marketing tools they have adopted, or make themselves smarter by adopting some quantitative marketing tools themselves. The smart ones are working on the latter. This means more intermediaries, not fewer.
In the next few years, the tension between having many intermediaries--allowing control of and learning from the process--and having few intermediaries-reducing transaction costs--will be resolved by there being three direct intermediaries at most: buyer's agent, seller's agent and marketplace (supported by various technology and data providers, who will not themselves be intermediaries.) To get there, each intermediary must become completely transparent to its clients. No more black boxes. Buyer's agents and seller's agents must move away from being arbitrageurs and return to the traditional professional services function of trusted adviser.
I'm curious where you came up with the 40% figure as an appropriate percentage for transaction costs. It seems somewhat arbitrary and I'd be interested to know if there were other markets you used for comparison.
The questions of "too many" intermediaries is the wrong question in the first place. It begs answers like arbitrary transaction cost limits. The test of any intermediary is whether they add value.
As a publisher I would much rather take 20% of a $10 CPM, achievable through the intelligent use of intermediaries, than 60% of a $3 cpm which I might achieve with fewer intermediaries.
Fair point. But the essence of progress is to provide services for less than what they are worth to the user of those services. The NYSE does not charge 20% for use of their exchange, even though that is probably less than what it would be worth to its customers (absent any competition.) What something is worth to you has little bearing on what it should cost, in a competitive market.
My thinking on transaction fees is that ad agencies traditionally charged 15% for a service that was probably more labor intensive than the interactive media buying world being created. I generously gave seller's agents the same percentage (although in the old media world rep firms made less) and then gave the marketplace 5% (although, again, most marketplaces--except for small volume, high touch ones like auctionhouses and real-estate agencies--charge less. And then I added another 5% for miscellaneous. In this sense I think I was being extremely conservative. My own personal estimation is that the transaction fees will be less than 20% in ten years.
At first the point about transparency makes perfect sense, why would any agent volunteer to take some from margins he created and hand it over. However thinking deeper does it not create a reality of intermediates investing more in relationship management then in delivering actual results? Doesn't modern capitalism mean providing a scale for agents to compete on their performance? Or in other words, won't loosely-coupled arbitragers ultimately creates harsher completion that in turn will drive transaction fees down to equilibrium faster?
The idea of a mess of competitors making a pricing efficient is fine in theory, it just doesn't seem to hold in practice. For whatever reason--information asymmetries and dynamic competitive positioning are my best guesses--perfect markets don't seem to happen too often.
The classic progression of a marketplace from bazaar (arbitrageurs) to exchange (transparent pricing) is always accompanied by improved efficiency and lower transaction costs. This is the information asymmetry problem solved.
There is also some analytical work that suggests that in the absence of uniform competition, price dispersion can increase (cf. Frank and Lamiraud, "Choice, Price Competition and Complexity in Markets for Health Insurance", http://www.nber.org/papers/w13817). While this work is for consumer search, I think the principal holds that for complicated products that are not easily comparable, the search cost is high, so inefficient pricing can persist. In a market where companies are one day a platform, the next an exchange and the next ad ops solutions, I think figuring out what any solution will cost might be more than the cost of the solution.
@Patrick, While obviously the point for publishers is absolute CPM maximization, the point Jerry makes is that with 80 points of margin, there is so much slack in the system that appropriate competition should drive it out. If you were an ad network taking 40 points of margin, could you offer whatever Rubicon does for free or for 5 points instead of 15 to take share? Theoretically yes, and theoretically, at scale, there is more than enough cash flow to support this. None of these layers of infrastructure are so complex that some level of integration horizontally or vertically doesn't seem appropriate. And this margin compression happens up and down the value chain. If a network will do all of that at 45% margins, why not 40%? Why not 35%. Given that the value is improved yield, every point of margin cuts into the value proposition. It seems likely that the final answer is an incredibly lean technology solution.
Exchanges have rocked the network business to its core. Networks ran at 40% and made great money, but then exchanges turned it from a rep business to a tech platform business and fixed margins at 15-20%. Now, networks that thought they were the last line of monetization find themselves preempted by exchanges and as exchanges add advertisers, improving the yield, being an impression aggregator has basically gone away as a business. The Valueclicks and Ad.com's of the world have seen their business fundamentally change - all due to margin compression brought on by exchanges. And this wasn't some incremental competition. This was instant value destruction Innovator's Dilemma-style. The big networks with monster reach couldn't cut their margins in half because they were big companies with P&L commitments. Now they are doomed.
Hmmm, that is a rambling comment.


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Margaret Harding McGill Nov 8, 2019
FCC hands AT&T a win in dispute with TV stations
Photo: Alastair Pike/AFP via Getty Images.
AT&T scored a victory in a bitter battle with TV station owners Friday when the Federal Communications Commission intervened to order the broadcasters to the negotiating table.
Why it matters: The FCC rarely weighs in on the rapidly multiplying disputes between pay-TV companies and broadcasters over the costs of carrying programming. Its move here could have repercussions for disputes beyond this one.
Driving the news: The FCC granted AT&T's complaint in an order, finding that the TV station owners refused to negotiate, caused an unreasonable delay in negotiations and failed to respond to AT&T's proposals in violation of the requirement that they negotiate retransmission consent in good faith.
"This is the most egregious example of delay that we have encountered since the good faith rules were adopted," the order said.
The FCC also noted that it could take enforcement action by proposing a fine, although it does not do so in the order.
Backstory: AT&T filed a complaint with the FCC in June against nine broadcast station owners alleging they refused to negotiate terms for the company to carry their channels.
The feud led to a blackout in 20 cities when the station owners pulled their signals from DirecTV and U-verse homes (though AT&T has since reached agreement with three of the nine station owners).
AT&T noted in its complaint that the stations are connected to Sinclair Broadcast Group through services agreements.
What they're saying: An AT&T spokesperson said the dispute shows that the process for negotiating terms is broken and in need of reform.
"This was clearly one of the more egregious examples of how broadcasters routinely hold consumers hostage into paying higher and higher retrans fees, rather than being stewards of the public airwaves," the spokesperson said in an emailed statement.
Big picture: The disputes between broadcasters and cable and satellite operators come as Congress considers legislation renewing a law that allows for importing distant signals.
The law has been viewed as a vehicle for broader changes to media regulations, but Senate Commerce Committee Chairman Roger Wicker recently introduced legislation to simply extend it for five years.
That includes keeping the requirement that broadcasters and pay-TV companies negotiate in good faith.
AT&T warned that if Congress fails to renew the law this year, "(T)hese broadcaster TV blackouts will increase in frequency, as the FCC will no longer be a backstop against such bad faith conduct from broadcasters. "
Margaret Harding McGill Oct 22, 2019
The fight over small-town TV
Illustration: Rebecca Zisser/Axios
TV station owners are taking advantage of FCC rules to quietly take over small-town airwaves, but cable and satellite companies are crying foul to regulators.
Driving the news: Broadcasters aren't supposed to own more than one top-rated outlet in any market, but they are snapping up multiple stations anyway in small markets like Parkersburg, West Virginia and Greenville, Mississippi, as the broadcast TV market is challenged by changes in technology and advertising.
The big picture: Broadcasters have long faced unique regulatory limits on their reach, but now digital competition has shrunk their share of the ad pie. Consolidation, they argue, is how they can compete with digital giants as well as cable and satellite companies while still providing local broadcasts.
Cable companies, which pay broadcasters to retransmit TV signals to their customers, say the local TV market consolidation raises their costs and harms consumers.
But broadcasters, who scoff at the notion they have more leverage than giants like AT&T and Comcast, argue the arrangements provide rural Americans with network programming and more local news.
Details: The FCC's rules prohibiting broadcasters from owning two top-rated stations in a market aims to protect business competition and diversity of viewpoints.
But those rules don't apply to low-power TV stations, which don't have the geographic reach of a full-power station, or to multicast channels made possible by the shift to digital television.
In tiny St. Joseph, Missouri, the News-Press & Gazette Company owns the CBS, FOX and NBC affiliates, as well as the local newspaper. The company tried to buy the ABC affiliate, too, before withdrawing its bid at the FCC this month.
"You're seeing some stations say, 'We have to have more than one to survive,'" said David Bradley, CEO of News-Press & Gazette.
What they're saying: Critics of the practice say it reduces competition, but broadcasters say it's a choice between having one company providing local broadcast news in a small town, or having none. "You're going to really cut the guts out of local journalism if it keeps going without some changes like this," Bradley said.
What's next: The battle over the future of the media ownership rules will heat up this fall. The Senate Commerce Committee will hear Wednesday from industry officials as it considers reauthorizing legislation allowing satellite companies to import distant broadcast signals, along with other video marketplaces issues.
The FCC is also seeking comment on updates to its media ownership rules, including whether it should change how it treats low-power stations and multicast channels. The agency noted in 2018 there are "at least several dozen" markets where a single broadcaster has two of the big network affiliates using a multicast channel.
Both cable industry group NCTA and the American Television Alliance, which represents AT&T, DISH and others, want the FCC to crack down on the practice because it gives broadcasters the ability to blackout prime-time network programming in a market during disputes over retransmission rates.
But National Association of Broadcasters spokesman Dennis Wharton called it "comical" to think the arrangements are an unfair competitive threat to cable or satellite companies.
Meanwhile, Democratic lawmakers are taking FCC Chairman Ajit Pai to task after his agency approved Gray Television's request to buy the third-rated TV station in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, even though Gray already owns the second-rated station.
The FCC approval came a day after the Third Circuit Court of Appeals overruled Pai's attempt to relax broadcast media ownership rules to allow such an arrangement.
In a letter Tuesday, House Energy & Commerce Committee Chairman Frank Pallone and communications subcommittee Chairman Mike Doyle wrote, "The FCC's technical arguments about why it doesn't have to comply with the court's decision seem highly suspect, at best, and an intentional flouting of the rule of law at worst."
An FCC spokesman said the commission would have granted the request under the old rules or the new ones the court struck down. The agency has said it intends to seek a review of the court's decision.


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Home Movies Movie News
April 24, 2014 2:34PM ET
Peeps Movie in the Works
Family film will follow one gooey marshmallow chicken's adventure through a world of dioramas
Marshmallow Peeps
William Thomas Cain/Getty Images
Peeps, everyone's favorite gooey Easter (or year-round) treat, will be heading to movie theaters, Deadline reports, with filmmaker Adam Rifkin (Detroit Rock City) optioning the TV and movie rights to the hugely popular marshmallow candy.
Check Out Our Best-to-Worst Rundown of 20 Movies that Jumped to TV
The film will be made in a similar vein to The Lego Movie, telling the story of a wayward Peep who is misplaced the night before a Peeps diorama contest and has to venture through a slew of different shoebox worlds in order to find his way back home. Rifkin and his producers plan on incorporating various pop culture figures, fictional and non-fictional, into the movie, just like The Lego Movie scored "cameos" from the likes of Abe Lincoln and Batman.
Rifkin was inspired by the Peeps dioramas his niece and nephew made, later discovering the wide swath of similar contests, one of the most notable hosted each year by The Washington Post (this year's winner used Peeps to recreate the scene of Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous "I Have A Dream" speech). The director has previous experience with family-friendly movies, having written the 1998 action-figure adventure movie Small Soldiers and the 2007 Underdog adaptation. His next directorial project, however, is Director's Cut, which tells the story of a movie star and his stalker, and was written by Penn and Teller's Penn Jillette.
It seems like Rifkin isn't the only one taking cues from the success of the The Lego Movie either: Deadline also reports that Disney has tapped Jon Turteltaub to direct a new movie based on It's A Small World and has hired Lego Movie's Dan Lin to help produce.


Steve Waksman, Professor of Music and American Studies at Smith College, gave a historical view of the movement of jazz from "lowbrow" popular music, to "highbrow symphonic art". Waksman focused on the people that influenced this movement, and how it changed cultural perceptions and expectations of jazz.
Waksman is the author of "Instruments of Desire: The Electric Guitar and the Shaping of Musical Experience" and "This Ain't the Summer of Love: Conflict and Crossover in Heavy Metal and Punk". Waksman was the keynote speaker at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's American Music Masters event honoring the legacy of musician and inventor Les Paul in 2008.
This talk was recorded on December 13, 2016 in Seeyle Hall at Smith College.