text:
"Gospel (genre)" redirects here. For the literary genre, see Gospel.
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Stylistic origins
Cultural origins
Early 17th century, Southern United States
Derivative forms
Subgenres
traditional black gospel
urban contemporary gospel
Fusion genres
Christian country music
Gospel music is a genre of Christian music. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace. Gospel music usually has dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century,[1] with roots in the black oral tradition. Hymns and sacred songs were often repeated in a call and response fashion. Most of the churches relied on hand clapping and foot stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done a cappella.[2] The first published use of the term "gospel song" probably appeared in 1874. The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane, and Fanny Crosby.[3] Gospel music publishing houses emerged. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music. Following World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate.[4]
Gospel blues is a blues-based form of gospel music (a combination of blues guitar and evangelistic lyrics).[not verified in body] Southern gospel used all male, tenor-lead-baritone-bass quartet make-up. Progressive Southern gospel is an American music genre that has grown out of Southern gospel over the past couple of decades. Christian country music, sometimes referred to as country gospel music, is a subgenre of gospel music with a country flair. It peaked in popularity in the mid-1990s.
Bluegrass gospel music is rooted in American mountain music. Celtic gospel music infuses gospel music with a Celtic flair, and is quite popular in countries such as Ireland. British black gospel refers to Gospel music of the African diaspora, which has been produced in the UK. Some proponents of "standard" hymns generally dislike gospel music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, with historical distance, there is a greater acceptance of such gospel songs into official denominational hymnals.
2 Roots and background
3 Gospel music genres and subgenres
3.1 Christian country music
3.2 British Black Gospel
3.3 Southern Gospel Music
4 Comparison to other hymnody
8.1 Professional organizations
8.2 Media outlets
Gospel music features dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) and Christian lyrics. Some modern gospel music, however, is not explicitly Christian and just utilizes the sound. Subgenres include contemporary gospel, urban contemporary gospel (sometimes referred to as "black gospel"), Southern gospel, and modern gospel music (now more commonly known as praise and worship music or contemporary Christian music). Several forms of gospel music utilize choirs, use piano or Hammond organ, tambourines, drums, bass guitar and, increasingly, electric guitar. In comparison with hymns, which are generally of a statelier measure, the gospel song is expected to have a refrain and often a more syncopated rhythm.[5]
Several attempts have been made to describe the style of late 19th and early 20th century gospel songs in general. Christ-Janer said "the music was tuneful and easy to grasp ... rudimentary harmonies ... use of the chorus ... varied metric schemes ... motor rhythms were characteristic ... The device of letting the lower parts echo rhythmically a motive announced by the sopranos became a mannerism".[6]
Patrick and Sydnor emphasize the notion that gospel music is "sentimental", quoting Sankey as saying, "Before I sing I must feel", and they call attention to the comparison of the original version of Rowley's "I Will Sing the Wondrous Story" with Sankey's version.[7] Gold said, "Essentially the gospel songs are songs of testimony, persuasion, religious exhortation, or warning. Usually the chorus or refrain technique is found."[8]
Roots and background
According to Yale University music professor Willie Ruff, the singing of psalms in Gaelic by Presbyterians of the Scottish Hebrides evolved from "lining out" – where one person sang a solo and others followed – into the call and response of gospel music of the American South.[9] Coming out of the African-American religious experience, American gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century,[1] with foundations in the works of Dr. Isaac Watts and others.[10][unreliable source?] Gospel music has roots in the black oral tradition, and typically utilizes a great deal of repetition, which allows those who could not read the opportunity to participate in worship. During this time, hymns and sacred songs were lined and repeated in a call-and-response fashion, and Negro spirituals and work songs emerged. Repetition and "call and response" are accepted elements in African music, designed to achieve an altered state of consciousness sometimes referred to as "trance", and to strengthen communal bonds.
Most of the churches relied on hand-clapping and foot-stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Guitars and tambourines were sometimes available, but not frequently. Church choirs became a norm only after emancipation. Most of the singing was done a cappella.[2]
Perhaps the most famous gospel-based hymns were composed in the 1760s and 1770s by English writers John Newton ("Amazing Grace") and Augustus Toplady ("Rock of Ages"), members of the Anglican Church. Starting out as lyrics only, it took decades for standardized tunes to be added to them. Although not directly connected with African-American gospel music, they were adopted by African-Americans as well as white Americans, and Newton's connection with the abolition movement provided cross-fertilization.
Philip Paul Bliss
Main article: Gospel Song (19th century)
The first published use of the term "Gospel Song" probably appeared in 1874 when Philip Bliss released a songbook entitled Gospel Songs. A Choice Collection of Hymns and Tunes. It was used to describe a new style of church music, songs that were easy to grasp and more easily singable than the traditional church hymns, which came out of the mass revival movement starting with Dwight L. Moody, whose musician was Ira D. Sankey, as well as the Holiness-Pentecostal movement.[3] Prior to the meeting of Moody and Sankey in 1870, there was an American rural/frontier history of revival and camp meeting songs, but the gospel hymn was of a different character, and it served the needs of mass revivals in the great cities.[11]
The revival movement employed popular singers and song leaders, the most famous of them being Ira D. Sankey. The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane, and Fanny Crosby.[3] As an extension to his initial publication Gospel Songs, Philip Bliss, in collaboration with Ira D. Sankey issued no's. 1 to 6 of Gospel Hymns in 1875.[12] Sankey and Bliss's collection can be found in many libraries today.
The popularity of revival singers and the openness of rural churches to this type of music (in spite of its initial use in city revivals) led to the late 19th and early 20th century establishment of gospel music publishing houses such as those of Homer Rodeheaver, E. O. Excell, Charlie Tillman, and Charles Tindley. These publishers were in the market for large quantities of new music, providing an outlet for the creative work of many songwriters and composers.[13]
Mahalia Jackson is known as the "Queen of Gospel".
The holiness-Pentecostal movement, or sanctified movement, appealed to people who were not attuned to the Europeanized version of black church music. Holiness worship has used any type of instrumentation that congregation members might bring in, from tambourines to electric guitars. Pentecostal churches readily adopted and contributed to the gospel music publications of the early 20th century. Sister Rosetta Tharpe was the first great recording star of gospel music.[14] Late 20th-century musicians such as Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Mahalia Jackson, Andrae Crouch, and the Blackwood Brothers either were raised in a Pentecostal environment, or have acknowledged the influence of that tradition.[15]
The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music, and James D. Vaughan used radio as an integral part of his business model, which also included traveling quartets to publicize the gospel music books he published several times a year.[16] Virgil O. Stamps and Jesse R. Baxter studied Vaughan's business model and by the late 1920s were running heavy competition for Vaughan.[15] The 1920s also saw the marketing of gospel records by groups such as the Carter Family.
The first person to introduce the ragtime influence to gospel accompaniment as well as to play the piano on a gospel recording was Arizona Dranes.[17]
In African-American music, gospel quartets developed an a cappella style following the earlier success of the Fisk Jubilee Singers. The 1930s saw the Fairfield Four, the Dixie Hummingbirds, the Five Blind Boys of Mississippi, the Five Blind Boys of Alabama, The Soul Stirrers, the Swan Silvertones, the Charioteers, and the Golden Gate Quartet. Racism divided the nation, and this division did not skip the church. If during slavery blacks were treated as inferior inside the white churches, after emancipation they formed their own separate churches. The gospel groups which were very popular within the black community, were virtually unknown to the white community, though some in the white community began to follow them.[18] In addition to these high-profile quartets, there were many black gospel musicians performing in the 1920s and 30s, usually playing the guitar and singing in the streets of Southern cities. Famous among them were Blind Willie Johnson, Blind Joe Taggart and others.
In the 1930s, in Chicago, Thomas A. Dorsey (known for composing the song "Precious Lord, Take My Hand"), who had spent the 1920s writing and performing secular blues music under the name "Georgia Tom", turned to gospel music, establishing a publishing house.[4] He had experienced many trials in his life,including the death of his pregnant wife. Thomas gained biblical knowledge from his father, who was a Baptist minister, and was taught to play piano by his mother. He started working with blues musicians when the family moved to Atlanta.[19] It has been said that 1930 was the year when modern gospel music began, because the National Baptist Convention first publicly endorsed the music at its 1930 meeting.[20] Dorsey was responsible for developing the musical careers of many African-American artists, such as Mahalia Jackson.[4] In 1942, the gospel group the Sensational Nightingales was founded, joined in 1946 by another gospel singer Julius Cheeks. Wilson Pickett and James Brown were influenced by Julius Cheeks.[21]
Meanwhile, radio continued to develop an audience for gospel music, a fact that was commemorated in Albert E. Brumley's 1937 song, "Turn Your Radio On" (which is still being published in gospel song books). In 1972, a recording of "Turn Your Radio On" by the Lewis Family was nominated for "Gospel Song of the Year" in the Gospel Music Association's Dove Awards.[22]
Following the World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate.[4] In 1950, black gospel was featured at Carnegie Hall when Joe Bostic produced the Negro Gospel and Religious Music Festival. He repeated it the next year with an expanded list of performing artists, and in 1959 moved to Madison Square Garden.[23] Today, black gospel and white gospel are distinct genres, with distinct audiences. In white gospel, there is a large Gospel Music Association and a Gospel Music Hall of Fame, which includes a few black artists, such as Mahalia Jackson, but which ignores most black artists.[24] In the black community, James Cleveland established the Gospel Music Workshop of America in 1969.
Gospel music genres and subgenres
Christian country music, sometimes referred to as country gospel music, is a subgenre of gospel music with a country flair, is also known as inspirational country. Christian country over the years has progressed into a mainstream country sound with inspirational or positive country lyrics. In the mid-1990s, Christian country hit its highest popularity. So much so that mainstream artists like Larry Gatlin, Charlie Daniels and Barbara Mandrell, just to name a few, began recording music that had this positive Christian country flair. These mainstream artists have now become award winners in this genre.[25][26]
British Black Gospel
British black gospel refers to Gospel music of the African diaspora, which has been produced in the UK. It is also often referred to as urban contemporary gospel or UK Gospel.[27] The distinctive sound is heavily influenced by UK street culture with many artists from the African and Caribbean majority black churches in the UK.[28] The genre has gained recognition in various awards such as the GEM (Gospel Entertainment Music) Awards,[29] MOBO Awards,[30][31] Urban Music Awards[32] and has its own Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart.[33]
Southern Gospel Music
Southern gospel music is a genre of Christian music. Its name comes from its origins in the Southeastern United States whose lyrics are written to express either personal or a communal faith regarding biblical teachings and Christian life, as well as (in terms of the varying music styles) to give a Christian alternative to mainstream secular music. Sometimes known as "quartet music" for its traditional "four men and a piano" set up, southern gospel has evolved over the years into a popular form of music across the United States and overseas, especially among baby boomers and those living in the Southern United States. Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of southern gospel varies according to culture and social context. It is composed and performed for many purposes, ranging from aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, or as an entertainment product for the marketplace.
Comparison to other hymnody
Some proponents of "standard" hymns generally dislike gospel music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. For example, Patrick and Sydnor complain that commercial success led to a proliferation of such music, and "deterioration, even in a standard which to begin with was not high, resulted."[34] They went on to say, "there is no doubt that a deterioration in taste follows the use of this type of hymn and tune; it fosters an attachment to the trivial and sensational which dulls and often destroys sense of the dignity and beauty which best befit the song that is used in the service of God."[35]
Gold reviewed the issue in 1958, and collected a number of quotations similar to the complaints of Patrick and Syndor. However, he also provided this quotation: "Gospel hymnody has the distinction of being America's most typical contribution to Christian song. As such, it is valid in its inspiration and in its employment."[36][8]
Today, with historical distance, there is a greater acceptance of such gospel songs into official denominational hymnals. For example, the United Methodist Church made this acceptance explicit in The Faith We Sing, a 2000 supplement to the official denominational hymnal. In the preface, the editors say, "Experience has shown that some older treasures were missed when the current hymnals were compiled."[37]
Gospel Music Hall of Fame
List of gospel musicians
Phillip Paul Bliss House
Stellar Awards
^ a b "Gospel History Timeline". University of Southern California. Retrieved January 31, 2012.
^ a b Jackson, Joyce Marie. "The changing nature of gospel music: A southern case study." African American Review 29.2 (1995): 185. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. October 5, 2010.
^ a b c Malone (1984), p. 520
^ a b c d Malone (1984), p. 523
^ Collins (2013), p. 124
^ Christ-Janer, Hughes & Smith (1980), p. 365
^ Patrick (1962), pp. 171–172
^ a b Gold, Charles E. "The Gospel Song: Contemporary Opinion," The Hymn. v. 9, no. 3 (July 1958), p. 70.
^ "From Charles Mackintosh's waterproof to Dolly the sheep: 43 innovations Scotland has given the world". The Independent. January 3, 2016.
^ "Isaac Watts - The Center For Church Music, Songs and Hymns". Songsandhymns.org.
^ Benson, Louis F. The English Hymn: Its Development and Use in Worship. New York: George H. Doran Co., 1915, p. 486. Several sources cite the Bliss and Sankey 1875 publication as the first to use the word "gospel" in this sense. For example, Malone (1984), p. 520.
^ Hall, Jacob Henry. Biography of Gospel Song and Hymn Writers. New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1914, provides contemporary information about songwriters, composers and publishers.
^ "Godmother of Rock and Roll: Sister Rosetta Tharpe". Pbs.org. Retrieved August 8, 2015.
^ a b Malone (1984), p. 521
^ See also Charles Davis Tillman.
^ "COGIC Women in Gospel Music on Patheos". Patheos.com. June 10, 2009. Retrieved February 2, 2010.
^ Malone (1984), p. 522
^ "Thomas A. Dorsey". "Southern Music Network". Southern Music in the 20th century. eb. October 14, 2010.
^ Southern (1997), p. 484
^ Opal Louis Nations. "The Rev. Julius Cheeks Retrospective" (PDF). Opalnations.com. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
^ "The Gospel Music Association's Dove Awards Nominations for the Gospel Song of 1972," Canaan Records (Waco, TX) CAS-9732-LP Stereo.
^ "Larry Gatlin nominated for Christian Country Album of the Year". Tollbooth.org. Archived from the original on November 4, 2009. Retrieved September 11, 2008.
^ "Barbara Mandrell inducted into the Country Gospel Music Hall of Fame". Archived from the original on February 25, 2015.
^ "Gospel Music". BBC. July 11, 2011.
^ Smith, Steve Alexander (2009). British Black Gospel: Foundations of this vibrant UK sound. Monarch Books. ISBN 9781854248961.
^ Mackay, Maria (November 4, 2005). "Freddie Kofi Wins Best Male at GEM Awards". Christian Today.
^ N.A. (October 20, 2010). "Mobo Awards 2010: The Winners". The Daily Telegraph.
^ "Gospel's Lurine Cato is triumphant at the MOBOs". The Voice Online. October 21, 2013.
^ "Urban Music Awards – UMA- The World's No.1 awards show for HipHop, R&B, Soul, Jazz, Grime and Dance music". Urbanmusicawards.net.
^ "UKs first Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart to launch next week". Recordoftheday.com. March 14, 2013.
^ Patrick (1962), p. 171
^ Stevenson, Robert. Religion in Life, Winter, 1950–51[page needed]
^ Hickman, Hoyt L., ed. "Introduction," The Faith We Sing (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 2000).[page needed]
A selection of gospel music collected
by the Library of Congress in 1943
Oh Jonah!
Sung by the Golden Jubilee Quartet
My Lord Is Writin'
Sung by the Cochran Field Singers
Death is an Awful Thing
Sung by the Middle Georgia Singers
We are Americans, Praise the Lord
Sung by Bertha Houston and her congregation.
With a few topical verses on World War II .
Death Come a-Knockin'
Sung by The Four Brothers.
John the Revelator
Sung by the Spiritual Four Quartet: Edward Bond,
Cleve Parker, James Bond, and Elwood Gaines
Problems listening to the files? See media help.
Allen, Ray. Singing in the Spirit: African-American Sacred Quartets in New York City, in series, Publication[s] of the American Folklore Society: New Series. Philadelphia, Penn.: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. xx,[2], 268 p., ill. with b&w photos. ISBN 0-8122-1331-9 pbk.
Barlow, Sanna Morrison. Mountain Singing: the Story of Gospel Recordings in the Philippines. Hong Kong: Alliance Press, 1952. 352 p.
Blackwell, Lois. The Wings of a Dove: The Story of Gospel Music in America. Norfolk: Donning, 1978.
Boyer, Horace Clarence. How Sweet the Sound: The Golden Age of Gospel. Elliott and Clark, 1995. ISBN 0-252-06877-7.
Broughton, Viv. Too Close to Heaven: The Illustrated History of Gospel Music. Midnight Books, 1996. ISBN 1-900516-00-4.
Albert E Brumley & Sons. The Best of Albert E. Brumley. Gospel Songs, 1966, ISBN na-paperback Amazing Grace
Cleall, Charles. Sixty Songs From Sankey. London: Marshall, Morgan and Scott, 1960.
Cusic, Don. The Sound of Light: a History of Gospel Music. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1990. iv, 267 p. 0-87972-498-6 pbk.
Darden, Robert. People Get Ready: A New History of Black Gospel Music Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005, ISBN 0-8264-1752-3.
Downey, James C. The Gospel Hymn 1875–1930. University of Southern Mississippi, MA, 1963.
Eskew, Harry. "Gospel Music, I" in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1980), VII, 549–554.
Goff, James R. "The Rise of Southern Gospel Music"], Church History, v. 67, no. 4, Dec. 1998, pp. 722ff.
Hanson, Kenneth, The Hymnody and Hymnals of the Restoration Movement. Butler University, BD, 1951.
Heilbut, Tony, The Gospel Sound: Good News and Bad Times, Limelight Editions, 1997, ISBN 0-87910-034-6.
McNeil, W. K., Ed. Encyclopedia of American Gospel Music. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 0-415-94179-2.
Marovich, Robert M., A City Called Heaven: Chicago and the Birth of Gospel Music. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. 2015. ISBN 978 0 252 08069 2.
Stevenson, Arthur L. The Story of Southern Hymnology. Roanoke, VA: Stone Printing and Manufacturing, 1931.
Zolten, Jerry. Great God A' Mighty!: The Dixie Hummingbirds—Celebrating The Rise of Soul Gospel Music. Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-19-515272-7.
Christ-Janer, Albert; Hughes, Charles W.; Smith, Carleton Sprague (1980). American Hymns Old and New. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Collins, Irma H. (2013). Dictionaryof Music Education. Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
Malone, Bill C. (1984). "Music, religious, of the Protestant South". In Samuel S. Hill (ed.). Encyclopedia of Religion in the South. Mercer University Press.
Patrick, Millar (1962). The Story of the Church's Song. Revised by James Rawlings Sydnor. Richmond, VA: John Knox Press.
Southern, Eileen (1997). The Music of Black Americans: a History (3rd ed.). New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (July 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Media related to Gospel music at Wikimedia Commons
Gospel Music Association – Acknowledges all forms of gospel/Christian music
Gospel Viu – Gospel Without Borders
Gospel Wire – Primarily urban contemporary gospel
Pacific Gospel Music Association – Known for Southern gospel
Southern Gospel Music Association
Gospel Music Information
Festival Lumen – the biggest gospel music festival in central Europe
Black Family Channel
Bobby Jones Gospel
Daystar Television Network
Gospel Music Channel
The Inspirational Network


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"The problem with being a woman jeweler is that you fall in love with the pieces you've made"
Jeweler and tastemaker Bao Bao Wan is a front-row regular in Paris and famed for her design collaborations with luxury brands. She talks to Beyond about her personal style and deep love of gemstones – and shares her favorite Beijing destinations
Words by Lisa Grainger
Share the post ""The problem with being a woman jeweler is that you fall in love with the pieces you've made""
Bao Bao Wan is one of China's most successful jewelers, with her own line of haute joaillerie as well as a more accessible range. Although she is successful in her own right, with collections stocked worldwide in stores such as Harrods in London and Lane Crawford in Hong Kong, the designer and socialite was born into power. Her grandfather was Wan Li, a vice-premier of China in the 1980s and a high-ranking member of the National People's Congress, and she grew up within the confines of Zhongnanhai, the government compound in the former Imperial Gardens. Today, when Bao Bao (which, very aptly for a jeweler, means "treasure") isn't jetting between fashion shows in Paris, where she often takes her front-row place beside fashion giants like Bernard Arnault, and events such as the Met Gala in New York, she lives between Hong Kong, where her business is based, and Beijing. In 2016 she became the first St. Regis Connoisseur in China.
Given that you come from a political family, how did you become a jeweler?
My family were very supportive of whatever I wanted to do, which as a young woman was art and photography. Having studied French literature in Paris, then photography in New York, I went on to study gemology [at the Hong Kong branch of the Gemological Institute of America]. My studies rounded off my education, as I understand historical references as well as aesthetic ones when I'm making jewelry – and my Chinese background gives it soul.
Is there some jewelry that you never take off?
When I was younger, I used to wear small diamond earrings that my mother gave me. I left China at the age of 16 to go to New York and didn't know anyone, and didn't speak the language, so it was very difficult and very lonely. Wearing my mother's earrings reminded me that I belonged somewhere. I stopped wearing them about a year ago, although they are still very precious – as is my mother. She is also creative, and is a great painter and calligrapher, and keeps me grounded. She comes from a very humble family, and reminds me of who I am, who my family are, and my roots, which are very important.
You've designed cufflinks for Dior, a car for Mercedes, a make-up line for MAC. Do you regard yourself as a designer or a jeweler?A jeweler, for sure. I love doing collaborations because it's creative. So I didn't just choose the color for the lipsticks, but the names. One MAC lipstick, which is a violet color, I called Lavender Jade; another I named Burmese Kiss. Doing projects like that is fun.
How would you describe your own style?
It depends what I'm doing and where I am. If I go to New York now it's for some red-carpet event, like the Met Gala, so I'll pack something fabulous. If I'm in London, I'll go a bit more "elegant lady" and intellectual-looking. In China, with friends and family, I'll be casual and sporty. In Hong Kong, it's usually for business, so I'll have a professional look. And when I go to Australia or Sydney it will be for a holiday, so I'll take flip flops and shorts.
You once said that, as a girl, you thought of being a bus conductor "because they had extremely beautiful bags"! Do you remember your first handbag?
Yes, it was a Lady Dior, which I still use. I always go for classic bags, rather than the latest fashions. It's the same with fashion: I still have some old dresses by [Maison] Margiela that I bought when I was studying in Paris. I'll still take them out to admire them, even if I don't wear them that often. A lot of great designs today are copies of yesterday's, which is why I don't follow trends. You realize after a while that you've seen it all before.
Any labels you love more than others?
Clothes made by the Chinese designer, and my friend, Huishan Zhang. He made the last dress I wore to the Met Gala: it was covered in 10,000 Swarovski crystals, and sequins and pearls.
Specific destinations in Beijing that you would recommend?
For fashion, a boutique called Joy, which has a mixture of western designers and local labels. For food, Temple Restaurant [TRB Hutong], which is in an old temple that's hundreds of years old. And for a drink, the bar at The Georg [the restaurant at the showroom of Danish silversmith Georg Jensen], which is in a house in an old area of Beijing that has a beautiful courtyard, with a pretty fishpond planted with lotus flowers. It's very soothing.
Do you have a strict beauty regime?
I do a lot of walking and biking and stretching, as well as Pilates, to keep in shape. When it comes to nutrition, I don't eat many carbs. I like Asian food, which doesn't have much dairy in it, or potatoes or cheese, so it's light and healthy. In Beijing, I go jogging and biking quite a lot around the lakes in the royal parks. I don't know what it is about water – it calms me down and is therapeutic.
You're often featured on the covers of magazines. Do young women in China still read magazines? Or is technology changing that?
I won't ever stop reading magazines, and I hope other people don't either. I really love the feel of print. And I don't want to have to look at a screen all the time.
Do you travel yourself to find stones for your jewelry?
Always. Stones are my real love. The problem with being a woman jeweler is that you fall in love with the stones and the pieces you make and get emotionally attached to them. I have quite a big collection of stones I can't bear to let go. I'm very picky about what I buy – about the colors, the shapes, the brilliance – and if something is perfect, it's pretty hard to sell. I love sapphires, emeralds, rubies, diamonds, but particularly alexandrite. It's a stone that sometimes looks yellow, and sometimes white, depending on the light. It reflects different rays in different ways, which is so beautiful.
You've said: "I don't want to put on jewelry so people just look at that – it has to be part of my life". Could you explain what kind of jewelry you like now?
There are two types: red-carpet pieces, and effortless pieces that you can wear in the shower, to sleep in, when you're jogging. A lot of actresses wear my jewelry whether they're on the red carpet or working out. Our famous Chinese tennis player, Li Na [who won both the French Open and the Australian Open] was wearing my Gardens of Victory necklace when she won her biggest tournament.
Do you still get a thrill from fashion shows?
I prefer going to gemstone shows in places like Hong Kong and Basel and Thailand and Paris, and traveling to different countries to buy stones: Sri Lanka for sapphires or Burma for rubies. Some places are safer than others.
Do you like watches?
I'm not really into the mechanics of them. I wear a watch like I wear jewelry: for aesthetic reasons. All the ones I own are extravagant: for instance, one from Bulgari called the Serpenti 7 Coils, which looks like a long snake, and another from Chopard that's set with emeralds. That's unique: it's the only one in the world, so it's pretty precious.
Do you ever use a personal shopper or stylists?
No. I know exactly what I want, so I don't need help. Although I don't like shopping, so a personal shopper might save me time, so I could put more of myself into my work and my passions.
Many of the international brands today now have their bags and shoes and clothes made in China. Do you think the label "Made in China" no longer has connotations of being cheap?
For sure. If you look at labels like Huishan Zhang; his clothes are sold around the world alongside greats like Alaïa. My jewelry is sold at Harrods alongside Dior. So it's changing quickly.
Tell me about the piece of jewelry you made for St. Regis.
The pin that I designed for butlers to wear on their lapel was inspired by the St. Regis hotel in New York. To me, it's a very special place, not only because it's unique and filled with American history but because it's glamorous – even the cashier's desk is beautiful. The swirl of gold on the edges of the pins reminded me of the gold you see on the elaborate door handles and on the arms of the chandeliers in the hotel; and the pearly white interior reminds me of the softness of the carpets and towels, which I love whenever I stay there.
Your address: The St. Regis Beijing
Bao Bao Wan photographed at The St. Regis Beijing
Earrings from Bao Bao Wan's "Jade" Collection
Pendant from Bao Bao Wan's "Jade" Collection
Fashion & Style in previous issues
The Style Gene

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Dallas Cowboys head coach Jason Garrett couldn't wait to leave the field after his latest loss. | Source: Stacy Revere/Getty Images/AFP
Jason Garrett May Not Survive The Weekend After Cowboys Lose again
September 23, 2020 UTC: 1:21 PM. December 6, 2019 UTC: 7:23 AM. by Travis Pulver
Jerry Jones has been critical of his coaching staff after the Cowboys recent losses. But he has also said he will not fire head coach Jason Garrett during the season.
But after the way the team looked against the Bears, the pressure to do just that may be too much.
The problem with firing Garrett now, though, is figuring out who to make the interim HC. No unit has played well enough to justify promoting the coach.
Jason Garrett entered Week 14 of the NFL season in dire need of a win. Poor play and questionable coaching decisions led to losses against New England and Buffalo and got the rumor mill going. While Jerry Jones pledged his allegiance to Garrett, it seemed like just a matter of time before Jones fired him.
A win over the Chicago Bears on Thursday Night Football would go a long way towards quieting the haters down. With a record of 7-6, they would have a little cushion in the NFC East. Make the playoffs, and they have a shot at postseason glory still.
But they had to fix the mistakes. They had to play better and coach better—but they did neither.
Dak tries throwing to his FB and his FB just decides to keep running without even worrying about the ball #DALvsCHI pic.twitter.com/1XX4c0zrYh
— Someone's An Idiot (@SomeonesAnIdiot) December 6, 2019
Bears Dominate Cowboys on TNF
The night started out promising for the Cowboys as they opened the game with a 17-play, 75-yard drive that lasted nearly nine minutes. It would have been nice if it was a more efficient, crisper drive. But by converting on third down four times, they showed the ability to persevere.
It also showed that the coaches could adjust in-game. Now, if they could do that for the entire game, then maybe the Cowboys could earn a much-needed win by the end of the night.
But they didn't.
Through the air.
On the ground.
It doesn't matter.@Mtrubisky10's on 🔥 tonight!#DALvsCHI | #TNF pic.twitter.com/XKUCdjzVSw
— Chicago Bears (@ChicagoBears) December 6, 2019
The offense sputtered for most of the game, and the defense had no answer for Mitchell Trubisky, and the Bears 27th ranked offense (points/game; 17.7). While the defense did record an interception on Chicago's first drive of the game, it came in the red zone.
They also committed penalties on third down three times that kept Chicago drives alive. The Bears ended up scoring on all three drives. Chicago's dominance continued in the second half as the Cowboys failed to make any adjustments. If they did make any, none of them worked.
While the final score didn't look too bad (31-24), the Bears outplayed and outcoached the Cowboys in every way.
It's Time, Jerry Jones— Jason Garrett Must Go
After losses to the Patriots and Bills, Jerry Jones was critical of his coaching staff. During the week, he made a comment many have interpreted as a sign the end of Garrett is near, via NFL.com:
Nobody has the exclusive skills to get the job done so that collectively you can win a Super Bowl. But there are qualified people. Jason Garrett is one of them. In my opinion, Jason Garrett will be coaching in the NFL next year.
It sounds like a vote of confidence, but more of one that Garrett will have a job—not necessarily one with the Cowboys. Jones has already said that Garrett will finish the season with the Cowboys, which in itself sounds like a bad omen.
But after another demoralizing loss, he may need to consider his locker room. The Cowboys have several free agents that will be looking for contracts in the offseason. Who is going to want to stay with a team that continues to employ a bad head coach?
Guys want to play for a team that has a future. More and more, it is looking like the Cowboys will have no future as long as Garrett's in charge.
You have to let him go, Jerry.
He Might Not
Despite the loss, the 6-7 Cowboys are still in control of the NFC East. They will have to beat the Eagles again to lock it up. But despite how bad they are playing, the Cowboys still control their own destiny. If they can make the playoffs and then somehow win a couple of games, the Jason Garrett Era might continue.
But there is one guy that has to go.
https://youtu.be/kWE65y6FKdM
Ten missed kicks this season; more than any kicker over the last four years. Come on, Jerry. At least make that happen.
Alex Caruso Hype Is Out of Control, but He's Still Been Indispensable
Where Chelsea FC Should Spend the $200 Million Transfer Budget in January


You know, I'm a big fan of the list. I have been known to write lists of lists so I can keep track of where I am up to and what I need to do. I have shopping lists, work to-do lists, home to-do lists, packing lists, lists of movies I'd like to see, lists of books I'd like to read, lists of places I'd like to see when I travel somewhere, lists of cards to send, lists of presents to buy, lists of people to call. Tick!
So the fact that Santa himself needs to write a list, check it twice. I get that. I bet he has an 'end of lists' list as well - the one you write that has the one or two things from all your other lists that haven't yet been checked off but if you have them on one list you feel more organised. Streamlined as it were. Tick!
And I'm not the only one that loves a list. If you google 'power of lists', pages upon pages of people are talking about harnessing creativity, clearing your head, establishing personal process, efficiencies, visual achievement, accountability, enhancement of effort and so on. My favourite advice is to start every list with 'write a list' so you've got a head start. Tick! And ticking things off a list - well that's just happiness in a pen stroke. Tick! Tick!
The world is full of lists - it's just that sometimes we call them other things. Like a recipe is just a list of things you need to make something, followed by a list of processes that helps you achieve that. A timetable is just a list of times indicating when your train will come. A TV guide is just a list of shows you might want to watch along with the times. A catalogue is just a list with pictures of things you might like to buy. A contract is a list of rules and regulations by which you do or don't do something. And anybody that has written a book about how to live without lists has properly got chapters in the front of their book. And that's just a list. Tick!
With me? I'm right you know. List makers rule the world. They are behind all the great religions, all the great organisations, all the great companies, all the great achievers.
So basically, I'm in good company. Tick.
Too tall, too old for Totes. Fact.


Welcome to selections from my line of Vintage Paperback & Pulp Fiction cover art images! Offerings of this campy art provide catchy titles and off-beat images for yourself, family, friends, and colleagues.
These images are irreverent and many are blatantly sexist, particularly by today's standards of "political correctness." However, their tongue-in-cheek campiness and humor 'thumbs its nose' at such political correctness, captures a wonder slice of American mid-20th-Century Pop Culture and provides a sampling of the skillful art created by the pulp fiction cover artists of this period covering the 1940s through 1960s.
Come visit my Pulpcards site to see the full line of 312 Pulp images and if you see a postcard image there you don't see here and would like to have it available in this Store, let me know via email. I will be glad to add it and let you know when it's available. Thanks!
All images copyright © 1995-2004 Jeffrey Luther/PC Design. All Rights Reserved.


text:
FREE Masterclass WORK WITH ME RESULTS CONTACT PODCAST Client Login
Overcoming Pornography
Reviews + stories from real students
When Koji could compete in ironman world championships but couldn't figure out how to quit porn, he knew his problem wasn't that he wasn't strong enough. He needed a new approach.
"I don't have to will myself to stop watching porn anymore. Now I know how to reflect and process my emotions, and pornography isn't even a temptation anymore."
–Camerin
"Sara, your program is a marriage saver! We had a long talk today and covered a lot of topics. My wife is not one to get into detail but she was impressed with what she had seen and asked me to move back to test the water. Without you and your program, I would still be fighting the urges of feeling shame and worthless having no idea of how to stop this awful habit."
"My wife had to go to a presidency meeting tonight and I was alone at home. I put my son to bed and watch a show on my computer while doing some stretching. Not one urge. If someone told me 6 months ago that I could be left alone at night with my computer and not look at porn I would tell them they're crazy."
"Sara's methods are the best that I have ever encountered in my long fight against pornography. She has helped me overcome a fight I've been fighting for years."
Are you ready to overcome pornography for good?
WATCH THE FREE MASTERCLASS
Quinn quit porn after 50 years of struggling
"After I joined your program and started on the workbook, a switch flipped and it was an easy transformation for me. It worked and completely changed my life".
You can listen to his full story by clicking here.
"This has drastically changed the course of my recovery for good. I have made more progress in the last 3 days of listening to you than I have in the last 6 months of recovery. Thank you!"
"I just wanted to start off by saying thank you, thank you for what you do. My husband bought your course and it completely changed his perspective and our lives. I am so grateful for the work you do!"
"I was able to go 30 days without viewing any pornography. And this is especially significant to me because those 30 days were some of the most painful and emotional days of my life (not to be dramatic, haha). But because of the things I've been learning in your program, I've been able to process those emotions and not buffer them. It hasn't been easy and I've experienced some pretty miserable times, but I see my character changing."
"I'm finally changing. I have been using pornography less and less and I find it is not as necessary. I'm still rough around the edges but I turn to this program more and more and it's working."
"Sara's program has done so much to give me power over how I think and feel about my actions with pornography and other parts of my life as well. Because of this newfound control and motivation, I have not looked at pornography in months and my desire to do so has dropped significantly. There is a whole new me because of this program. "
"Sara's methods are the best that I have ever encountered in my long fight against pornography. She has helped me overcome a fight I've been fighting for years." "
"Also, thank you so much for your amazing work and content to help [my son]! He is so happy and is FINALLY feeling hope to overcome pornography once and for all! You and your program are a godsend for him and our family!"
Sam used to believe he'd have to struggle with porn forever...
"It's been just a total 180. I'm at six months of no porn, and that is huge. I've never been at this point as long as I can remember, probably 10 years old or younger. And so that's massive for me."
You can hear the rest of his story by clicking here.
"It's amazing that I don't struggle like I used to. If overcoming porn is the most important thing in your life, you should join. If that is your priority, there is no reason you should not join this program."
"A lot of us have been told since we were kids that pornography was bad, evil, and to be avoided at all costs. I felt as if I would have to endure this for the rest of my life. That was until I miraculously found Sara. She taught me exactly how my brain was working and helped me find a personalized plan to overcome this porn habit. I'll forever be grateful I found her."
"Before I started the program I felt completely controlled by pornography. I was unable to quit after years of trying on my own and with others' help. I felt lost and stressed that I would never be able to be free. Once the shame was removed i was able to accomplish my goals. I was given specific tools needed to overcome pornography that I haven't found anywhere else. I will continue to refer everyone I know who struggles with pornography to you. I couldn't say enough good things about this incredible program!"
"I noticed that my life felt void of positivity and I had really begun to see myself in a negative light. I had resigned myself to the thought that I would deal with pornography for my whole life and that overcoming it wasn't a possibility. This program helped me overcome that and helped me put my future back in my hands. I am lots happier with myself, far more positive, and have gained a lot of light back into my life. I am super grateful I went with my gut and tried out Sara's coaching. I had followed her for a long time on Instagram and knew there was something different and special about the way she taught things. Try her out and you will see progress in your life that will change you for the better."
"Sara's program has done so much to give me power over how I think and feel about my actions with pornography and other parts of my life as well. Because of this newfound control and motivation, I have not looked at pornography in months and my desire to do so has dropped significantly. There is a whole new me because of this program."
"Before the program my life was pretty good, but I lacked the direction necessary to overcome my pornography problem. Sara provided a new way of looking at the issue. She didn't just sharpen an already-existing tool that I was using to combat my pornography habit; she gave me an entirely different tool. She was very easy-going and never made me feel ashamed about my progress. Though I'm still learning how to use these tools effectively, I can tell that they are the key to overcoming my habit."
"This has been more life-changing than my missionary experience...
My mission taught me to love others, but this taught me to love myself. It's opened doors for me that I never knew there. It is so worth it. I'm so grateful that I did it. It's just been the biggest blessing and has been the biggest change in my life".
"Before I started the program life seemed very bleak. It just felt like I would never be able to overcome pornography. I had been trying to overcome pornography for years and nothing seemed to work. I attended other programs but it never seemed to help. I just felt very hopeless.
Sara was able to help me by seeing that the urge to view pornography was nothing to be afraid of. The urges did not make me a bad person. She helped me to see that overcoming pornography was a lot more simple than I had been making it. She then helped me to see how I can actually take control of my feelings, emotions, and thoughts.
I think the overall transformation that took place for me was to see myself as a new person. I was able to see that I am not an addict or someone struggling, I am someone who is learning and who is succeeding because I am committed. I was able to learn how to let myself let go of my past and allow myself to build a new future without pornography.
It has been a great experience because it hasn't been just me biting the bullet to not view, but rather it has been me retraining my mind to not have this very strong desire to view. Since I have started to work with Sara it has been very amazing to see and feel the decrease in my desire to view pornography. There are moments when I would normally have an urge to view, but they are not there. I have found that since my desire has decreased I have found more time to do the things I want to do and it feels really great."
"I let my porn habit consume me. I thought I would look at porn my whole life. I would willpower it out for 3 months and feel amazing about myself. And then I would "slip up" and look at porn constantly. I was desperate.
I am a long-distance triathlete. I understand what work is. I just didn't know how to work on my brain. I believed in myself to do an Ironman, but I didn't know how to believe in myself enough to quit porn.
When I met with Sara, I knew that she had something different about her. She knows what she is doing, and she teaches you to become the healer. Honestly, investing in her program has been one of the top three best decisions in my life.
My outlook, perspective, self-love, confidence, and self-esteem is through the roof! Now, 3-4 months post-program I am porn free. I just had to really get through some demons first. Guys, It's a folk tale that you will struggle with this forever. You really can stop, anyone can. Take the investment. You deserve it. You're worth it."
© 2023 Sara Brewer Coaching LLC


I've been a Strala devotee since Strala became my home studio in 2008 when I lived in New York. After several years of practice, Strala was the first place yoga really "clicked" for me, and I never wanted to move any other way. I'm so excited to be bringing Strala to the vibrant yoga community in Austin, and can't wait to see you in class soon!


text:
Alain Truong
A russet-splashed black-glazed jar and cover, Northern Song dynasty (960-1127)
18. A russet-splashed black-glazed jar and cover, Northern Song dynasty (960-1127); 15.5 cm, 6 1/4 in. Estimate £60,000 - £80,000. Courtesy Sotheby's.
the ovoid body rising from a short foot to a slightly tapered neck, flanked by a pair of lug handles, covered overall in a lustrous black glaze stopping irregularly around the base, accentuated with russet splashes, the domed cover with a flat rim surmounted by a button finial, similarly decorated.
Property from the Rui Xiu Lou Collection.
Provenance: The private collection of a Japanese physician (b. 1925).
Collection of Umezawa Hikotaro, Tokyo.
Kochukyo, Tokyo, circa 1975.
Christie's Hong Kong, 27th November 2013, lot 3285.
Note: Notable for its abstract splash design over a lustrous black glaze, jars of this type, with a sturdy ovoid body and broad straight neck enlivened by two tubular handles, were popular in the Song dynasty and made at various kilns in northern China. Black-glazed jars decorated with irregular russet splashes are discussed by Robert D. Mowry in the catalogue to the exhibition Hare's Fur, Tortoiseshell, and Partridge Feathers, Harvard University Art Museums, Cambridge, 1995, p. 146, where he notes that vessels of this type, left unglazed above the foot, have been recovered at the Cicun kilns, near Zibo in Shandong province, while those with a thin layer of brown glaze covering the lowest part, are more commonly associated with kilns in Henan and Hebei province.
A splashed jar of similar form but of slightly smaller size in the Meiyintang collection, is published in Regina Krahl, Chinese Ceramics from the Meiyintang Collection, London, 1994, vol. I, pl. 463; another was included in the exhibition Tausend Jahre Chinesische Keramik aus Privatbesitz, Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Hamburg, 1974, cat. no. 55; and a third is published in Fujiō Kōyama, Tōji taikei: Temmoku [Outlines of ceramics: Temmoku], vol. 38, Tokyo, 1974, pl. 64. A further jar of this type but of slightly smaller size, from the Malcolm collection, was sold in these rooms, 29th March 1977, lot 161; and from the collection of Philip Kappel was sold in our New York rooms, 4th June 1982, lot 155.
Traditionally referred to as guan, shuang'er guan ("double-eared jar") or gualeng guan ("melon jar"), this form is known in a variety of sizes, with or without russet splashes.
Sotheby's. Important Chinese Art, London, 15 May 2019, 10:30 AM
Posté par : Alain Truong à 12:53 - Chine, Céramique /Chinese Ceramics - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : black-glazed, Collection of Umezawa Hikotaro, jar and cover, Northern Song dynasty (960-1127), Rui Xiu Lou Collection, russet-splashed
A FINE AND RARE 'JUN' TEABOWL, NORTHERN SONG...
Lot 17. A fine and rare 'Jun' teabowl, Northern Song dynasty (960-1127); 11.4 cm, 4 1/2 in. Estimate £60,000...
A 'LONGQUAN' CELADON TRIPOD CENSER AND COVER,...
Lot 19. A 'Longquan' celadon tripod censer and cover, Southern Song dynasty (1127-1279); 14 cm, 5 1/2 in....
A russet-splashed black-glazed meiping, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A 'henan' black-glazed ribbed jar, northern song dynasty
A russet-splashed 'partridge feather' conical tea bowl, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A ding-type black-glazed bowl, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A black-glazed 'oil spot' jar and cover, song dynasty (960-1279)
A carved 'yaozhou' celadon 'lotus' bowl, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A fine and large 'cizhou' painted and sgraffiato meiping, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A black-glazed oil-spot bowl, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A shaanxi black-glazed bowl, northern song dynasty (960-1127)
A large painted dark grey pottery jar and cover, hu, western han dynasty (206 bc-ad 8)
Commentaires sur A russet-splashed black-glazed jar and cover, Northern Song dynasty (960-1127)


text:
Goatreich - Fleshcult è il quinto album in studio della band Blackened death metal austriaca Belphegor.

Tracce
The Cruzifixus - Anus Dei - 04:15
Bleeding Salvation - 03:48
Fornicationium et Immundus Diabolus - 02:59
Sepulture of Hypocrisy - 04:57
Goatreich - Fleshcult - 03:24
Swarm of Rats - 04:53
Kings Shall Be Kings - 04:59
The Crown Massacre - 03:00
Festum Asinorum / Chapter 2 - 05:51

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


No Reviews for "Andy Wool Coolmax Sweater"
Knit sweater crafted from a cotton & Coolmax blend performance fabric providing moisture wicking and breathability while keeping you warm. This style has color striping details at hem, extra long ribbed cuffs with thumb holes and a ribbed mock neck. A tonal JL bridge logo at center chest completes the look.


According Buynba2kmt.com learned that the new season of NBA, until now, a total of up to 26 players over $ 20 million annual salary. There are 14 players in eastern, the other 12 players from the west. From this level is concerned, Mr. East and West 20 million, reaching a relative balance. So these players, the value Who, who is worth?
The new season consists of five highest-paid players to share, respectively, Harden, Durant, Conley, DeRozan and Horford, the annual salary of $ 26.54 million. Five players have signed second big contract, but the effect did not reach 10 years of age, it is possible to sign a salary cap of 30 per cent of the contract. It is also worth mentioning that the five players of the contract, have reached a nine-digit, that is billions of dollars of contracts.
Ranking followed were Anthony, Lillard, Bosh, Wade, Howard, Paul Parsons, Davis, Barnes, Whiteside, Bill Drummond, Ross, small Jordan, a small Gasol, Carrefour, big Lopez, Batum, Aldridge, Griffin, Millsap and Dirk Nowitzki. Wherein Nowitzki's 20 million annual salary, called this level the players in the "gatekeeper."
In so many 20 million Mr. Reed, who is who is not worth the value, worth discussing. Durant and Harden, the upper limit of five, the lower limit of the top ten players in the league, this value must be the price. This is why Morey tore at the original contract for Harden re-offered a four-year maximum salary of reason. Griffin's worth a little less Durant and Harden little bit, but equally worthy 20 million contract. And Lillard, Davis, and Bill Drummond, also the value of the contract, after all, they were young, there are enough potential to be tapped. Some buynba2kmt fans said, why not buy this player? And please click here to Buy NBA 2K MT.


text:
Page of "Growth outside Seattle area".
Growth outside Seattle area
A few business people have opened two-piece barista stores with progress outside the Seattle region, remembering for Raleigh, North Carolina,[40] Aurora, Colorado,[41] Portland, Oregon,[42] Youngstown, Ohio,[43] Tampa, Florida,[44] Pasadena, Maryland,[45] Chatsworth, Georgia,[46] Las Vegas,[47][48] Texas, and Missouri.[49][50] Baristas has been named the Hooters of espresso because of its size and prominence in the market.[51] Hooters is a spot where inadequately clad ladies serve food and beverages to benefactors. Swimsuit Beans is another such spot in the US. comprar biquíni
A Los Angeles territory store called "Two-piece Espresso" just kept going four months in the Los Angeles region in 2009, and shut with objections of over-regulation.[53]
One chain specifically called "Bottoms Up Espresso",[54] who have ventured into different Northern California markets remembering areas for Modesto, California;[55] Tracy, California; Clovis, California; Bakersfield, California; and Vernalis, California; has immediately gotten a top pick among web-based media clients with their baristas included consistently on the site The Chive[56] and other famous sites. With the brands developing prominence they have ventured into a versatile food truck style administration and ventured into its own line of product including yearly schedules highlighting their present line up of two-piece baristas.[57]
A Pink Pantherz booth in Fremont, California
Two-piece barista organizations are opened in northwest Fresno, California, Java Girls Espresso and Pink Pantherz Espresso, since the late spring of 2014.[58] However, on Facebook, Java Girls Espresso's proprietor Terry Ford declared that it shut its entryway on January 1, 2015 because of monetary trouble.
Announced episodes
On May 26, 2017, a 29-year-old recurrent sex perp was captured for obscene openness after he stroked off before a two-piece barista around 5 a.m. at Sweet Cheeks Espresso's 5005 Auburn Way North substitute Auburn, Washington.[59]
An ex-convict, Michael Reynolds, endeavored to assault a swimsuit barista, Madeline Guinto, one night on February 20, 2018, at Hottie Shots Espresso's 84th Avenue South substitute Kent, Washington. The eventual attacker fled after a vehicle maneuvered into the drive-through and he was captured from his work environment the following day after he was distinguished by his manager from the coffee's observation recordings on the news.[60][61]
On August 26, 2019, an outfitted theft happened at Foxy Lady Latte, a two-piece barista espresso remain in Mount Vernon, Washington, situated at 2626 Henson Road, before 7 p.m.[62]
On September thirteenth, 2020, in Pasco, Washington, a rehashing lustful wrongdoer was captured for disgusting openness by showing his private parts and jerking off external the drive-through window of Hot Beans Espresso on West Sylvester Street and North 26th Avenue, shocked swimsuit baristas (counting Jayme Davis) and clients close by. It is supposedly that the guilty party is intellectually ill.[63][64]
Laura Maggi, a lady in her mid 30s, turned into a public superstar in Italy in 2012 because of beginning a propensity for coming to work in uncovering clothing at the café considered Le Cafe that she claims and works in the little Italian town of Bagnolo Mella. She keeps on creating nearby contention serving "sexpresso" as she wears an assortment of uncovering outfits when serving clients. She additionally has female colleagues who do likewise, and sells marvelousness schedules of herself notwithstanding the espresso. Maggi has been the subject of photograph delineated articles in mainstream tabloids.[65]
A wonder like two-piece baristas is extremely famous in Chile, known as "bistro con piernas" (in a real sense, espresso with legs) and existed some time before their Seattle counterpart.[66][67][68]
In Taiwan, young ladies who sell betel nuts and cigarettes from brilliantly lit glass walled in areas while wearing uncovering garments are called Betel nut delights. They appeared in the 1960s.[69]
In Japan, "no-container kissa" (no-undies coffeehouse) bloomed during the 1980s, where the servers have short skirts and no underwear. Normal of Japanese sex-prevailing fashions, they didn't last in excess of a couple of years before they transformed into other (yet comparable) organizations.
In Surfers Paradise, Queensland, Australia, gold lycra two-piece clad meter house cleaners walk around and down the sea shore taking care of coins into stopping meters so that sea shore goers don't get stopping tickets. In spite of the fact that taking care of meters is illicit in Surfers Paradise, nearby law implementation is urged to look the alternate way, as the meter house cleaners keep vacationers cheerful, yet they have additionally become a vacation destination themselves.[70]
In a segment distributed in Sociological Images, the humanist Lisa Wade has utilized the two-piece barista as a starting point for a conversation of the limits of sex work.[71] The inquiry has additionally been the subject of a paper distributed in The Atlantic.[72]
See moreover
Five Reasons Why You Should Never Trade-in […]
Guaranteed Solutions To Build Your Current Ezine List
Supercharge Your Online Marketing With Pay Per Click
Techniques For Getting The Health Insurance coverage Which You Deserve
How to Ask a Question in Czech Appropriately
Recommendations for The Best Hair Cutting Tools


Below is a comprehensive list of 20 areas and 12 talukas under Pathanamthitta district of Kerala. The detail includes pin code of each area with postal office type, taluka name, district name etc.
Pathanamthitta district (Malayalam: പത്തനംതിട്ട (ജില്ല)) is a district in the southern part of Kerala, India. The district headquarters is in the town of Pathanamthitta. The district is surrounded by the Kottayam, Idukki, Alappuzha and Kollam districts. It has a border with the state of Tamil Nadu in the east. Pathanamthitta, Tiruvalla,Adoor,Konni,Ranni and Mallapally are the major towns and taluks in the district.Pandalam and Kozhencherry are famous and fast growing Towns in this District.
Because of the large number of pilgrims it receives, Pathanamthitta is known as "the headquarters of pilgrimage tourism" in India, and the district tourism board gave Pathanamathitta the moniker "The Abode of God". The famous pilgrimage centre of Sabarimala and The most important and famous Christian center is Parumala St Peters, St Paul's and St Gregorios Orthodox Church (http://parumalachurch.org) famous for the tomb of Saint Gregorios Parumala Thirumeni is situated here. Having three rivers and a forest cover which includes a tiger reserve, the district also attracts many wildlife and nature enthusiasts.
According to the 2001 Census of India, the population was 1,231,577, making it the third least populous district in Kerala (out of 14), after Wayanad and Idukki. Pathanamthitta has been declared the first polio-free district in India. The district is 10.03% urbanised. Pathanamthitta is one of the richest district in India.
Below is map of Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Click to open in Google Maps.
Below is list of 315 areas in Pathanamthitta district of Kerala state.


Actually, it was appropriate. The morning Catawba College senior Erin Blalock was to receive the 2010 Environmental Stewardship award, she was teaching high school students about composting and recycling. She was doing the very thing for which she was honored: inspiring others to be good stewards of the environment.
This highly responsible, creative environmental education major speaks glowingly of the positive influence the Center for the Environment and Center Executive Director John Wear have had on her life. Professors and staff affiliated with the Center have been instrumental in guiding her along the path she has chosen: to teach in high school or an environmental education center so she can pass along her love of nature.
Blalock's association with the Center for the Environment goes "way back," she says, to when she was 10 years old. Her fourth-grade class came to the Robertson College-Community Center to watch a production of "The Wizard of Oz." That's when she saw the Center for the Environment building nestled in the trees nearby. It piqued her curiosity, and years later, in high school, she was able to visit the facility on a fieldtrip. Competing later in an Envirothon at the Center and meeting Wear sealed her desire to attend Catawba and major in the Environmental Program.
Blalock has served as a work-study student for three years at the Center, working with educational outreach and the orchestration of events. She was in charge of the scavenger hunt April 16 that sent Girl Scouts scurrying around the Center in search of items made of recycled materials and the Girl Scout bug scavenger hunt the year before. In addition, she helped two years with the Catawba Conservation Camp, a residential science camp for rising sixth- and seventh-grade girls.
Her work with ECO (Environmental Catawba Outreach) has allowed her to promote the recycling message in fun ways. This student leader spearheaded Earth Week at the college and initiated a Recycled Material Fashion Show in 2009. She created the winner's trophy from recycled cans and her first fashion – a bridal gown -- out of newspapers and plastic bags. Dressing as Glenda, the good witch from "The Wizard of Oz," during the 2010 Recycled Material Fashion Show, she made her outfit from bubble wrap and pink packing peanuts.


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A County Donegal native made it a lunchtime to remember today when they took a punt on their lucky numbers and walked off with a four-figure sum.
The anonymous punter placed two bets in a County Donegal BoyleSports shop on Wednesday lunchtime and their first wager was a €5 accumulator on numbers 5, 15 and 28 in the afternoon 49s draw at odds of 650/1.
They placed a further €5 treble on the same three numbers coming out with the bonus ball included which saw odds of 350/1.
However the bonus ball wasn't required, as all three rolled out just 20 minutes after the bet had been placed. The incredible stroke of good fortune meant the customer walked out of the shop with a total haul of €5,010.


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Last Updated : Jan 08, 2020 08:47 AM IST | Source: Moneycontrol.com
The lesser-known MF categories that delivered in 2019
Be it gold or international themes, they can at best be diversifiers in a portfolio
Vidya Bala
If you thought that 2019 was yet another depressing year for mutual funds, here's some data to the contrary. In the entire category of open-ended equity funds (excluding hybrid) and gold schemes, nearly one in five funds delivered returns of over 15 per cent. We took 15 per cent as a cut-off, as the Nifty 50 TRI delivered 13.5 per cent.
Wondering which classes of funds managed this feat? It was none other than international funds that earned the top spot in 2019. Let's first look at the big picture. The data below shows that a good 36 funds that invested in international stocks – directly or through the fund-of-fund (FoF) route – managed an average 26 per cent returns in 2019. That's a good 13 percentage points more than what the Nifty 50 TRI delivered. This was followed by gold funds that saw a fantastic turnaround in 2019, with an average 22.3 per cent returns. Banking sector funds, after a bad 2018, took the third spot, clocking average returns similar to that of gold. The rest were a small mixed group of equity funds from different categories.
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Returns from across the globe
Before you conclude that it must have been US-focused funds that delivered, know that the top performer was the Edelweiss Greater China Equity Offshore fund. This scheme (earlier from the JP Morgan India stable) invests in the parent fund of JP Morgan. The scheme's returns had declined 18 per cent in 2018, and it managed a turnaround in performance, beating all other global funds available locally.
It was followed by Kotak World Gold fund, a FoF that invests in gold mining companies and gold-related stocks. As has usually been the case, when gold outperforms, the stocks of gold mining companies deliver higher returns than the price of gold.
The Motilal Oswal Nasdaq 100 FoF, which invests in the Nasdaq 100 index's stocks, outperformed on the back of tech-related shares in this index continuing to outperform for several years in a row. The Nasdaq 100 index houses some of the top innovative companies such as Apple, Google, Intel and Tesla. It has a 54 per cent weightage in technology stocks, followed by 24 per cent in consumer-services and 11 per cent in healthcare.
The above table with the other top performers show that most of the other schemes invested in the US market. However, a number of funds investing in other countries made it to this list too. Franklin Asian Equity (28.1 per cent returns), HSBC Brazil Fund (27 per cent) Edelweiss Emerging Markets Opportunities fund (25 per cent ), HSBC Global Emerging Markets (23.4 per cent) were among the Asian/emerging market investing funds that topped the charts.
Remember, the rupee's depreciation against the most popular currency used to invest – the dollar – gave an additional three percentage points return in 2019 to investors, over and above the returns from the underlying stock holdings.
The surprise elements
While the European and Japanese markets did well in 2017, they did not outperform the Indian indices. In 2018, too, they struggled to perform. While the Euro zone was battling a general slowdown as well as Brexit-related issues, the Japanese market encountered foreign institutional investor sell-off due to growing global trade wars. However, both these markets bounced back in style during 2019, beating the Indian markets convincingly.
Gold shines
Unrest across the globe – right from Brexit to US-China trade wars to disruptions from Hong Kong to Chile – all led to markets embracing the safe-haven currency – Gold. With some of the global bonds sporting negative yields later part of 2019, even bond investors could well have moved to gold, thus boosting its demand, both from ETFs and bullion traders.
While gold started showing signs of revival in 2018, other categories such as the banking and financial services space made a solid comeback. Similarly, while local real estate continues to be bogged down by debt woes, Aditya Birla Sun Life's Global Real Estate FoF delivered a stellar 19.6 per cent returns.
Could you have spotted the outperformers?
Now, could you have identified these themes ahead? Very unlikely, if you merely went by past returns. Whether it is the international theme or gold or banking sector, all of these would not have inspired your confidence to invest in end-2018, given their poor performance at that point. Similarly, the top performers in 2018 – technology funds – were nowhere in the scene of outperformance in 2019.
If this be the case, how should you participate in these categories? The answer is diversification. Be it gold or international themes, they can at best be diversifiers in a portfolio. Such diversification is not for delivering high returns but to protect your portfolio when the local markets fail to inspire.
(The writer is Co-founder, PrimeInvestor)
Not sure which mutual funds to buy? Download moneycontrol transact app to get personalised investment recommendations.
First Published on Jan 8, 2020 08:47 am
tags #equity funds #global funds #gold funds #Mutual Funds
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Drug Rehab and Treatment Centers Information Lorimor, Iowa
Looking for Drug Rehab and treatment centers in Lorimor, Iowa?
There are several alcohol and drug rehab facilities possibilities open to the people residing in the Lorimor area. It is important to understand each one of the varieties of treatment possibilities that are available in Lorimor, AB., to be able to choose the ideal rehab approach for yourself or someone you care about. Selecting the proper alcohol and drug rehabilitation facility in Lorimor is the most important factor in the process of treating of drug abuse, addiction and alcoholism. This info will help you fully grasp your numerous rehab possibilities so that you have the greatest possibility of an ideal outcome.
Let's examine the different drug and alcohol treatment centers in Lorimor, Iowa options that correlate with the circumstances of the individual in search of rehabilitation.
Inpatient drug and alcohol rehabilitation in Lorimor, AB. is a rehab possibility best for those who will need medical treatment in the course of treatment or clients with substantial substance abuse histories. People will experience both mental and physical dependence to alcohol and drugs even after a short period of time, so inpatient drug rehab in Lorimor is regarded as the most beneficial treatment option in nearly all situations. As a result of substance abuse and addiction, people will usually not be able to recover with the limited solutions provided by outpatient treatment centers in Lorimor, Iowa where drugs and alcohol continue to be easily obtainable when they depart the outpatient center. Likewise, men and women in treatment who receive outpatient rehabilitation instead of inpatient alcohol and drug treatment in Lorimor continue to be susceptible to detrimental influences and situations which can cut across their recovery process. If a person lives with an abusive partner or continues to maintain relationships that entail abusing drugs, any rehabilitation activities in outpatient rehab will be in vain. This is why in-patient alcohol and drug treatment in Lorimor, AB. will result in more tangible results that will prove long lasting contrary to an outpatient drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility where benefits are often very minimal and short-lived.
In Lorimor there's both short-term and long-term inpatient alcohol and drug treatment. Short-term is a 30-day facility, while long-term inpatient drug and alcohol treatment in Lorimor, Iowa is a lot more in depth and rehab can last 3 to 6 months on average. It is deemed an ideal environment for clients since it is a safe and secure drug-free environment where they can recover both physically and mentally without distraction. Preferably, women and men will continue in the long-term in-patient drug treatment center in Lorimor for the optimum stretch of time permitted, so that they can handle anything which may cut across their abstinence after they leave treatment. Because of the fact that detoxing and becoming physically stable can require two to three weeks alone, the 3 to 6 months in long-term in-patient drug rehabilitation in Lorimor is going to be time wisely spent and a lot more efficient than short-term facilities.
The key component of all if you or someone you love is struggling with a substance abuse or addiction issue is to get it resolved right away, call someone and seek advice from trained addiction professionals and have an assessment and treatment possibilities to guarantee the best potential for a full recovery.
There are no local drug rehab listings for Lorimor, Iowa so we have provided the 6 closest treatment facilities arranged by distance from Lorimor:
Turning Point Evaluation Inc
(Winterset is 13.4 from Lorimor)
113 John Wayne Drive
Winterset, IA. 50273
Contact Turning Point Evaluation Inc, by calling 515-462-5967.
Drug and Alcohol Rehab, Outpatient Drug Treatment Programs, Drug Rehab Centers For Teens and Adolescents, Drug Treatment for Dual Diagnosis Clients, Drug Rehab Programs For Criminal Justice Clients
Self Pay Drug Rehab Programs, Drug Rehabs That Accept Medicaid, State Financed Insurance, Drug Rehabs That Accept Private Health Insurance, Drug Rehabs With Sliding Scale Fees
Crossroads Behavioral Health Services
(Lenox is 29.9 from Lorimor)
810 East Van Buren
Lenox, IA. 50851
Contact Crossroads Behavioral Health Services, by calling 641-782-8457.
Outpatient Drug Treatment Programs
House of Mercy
(Indianola is 31.3 from Lorimor)
310 North Buxton Street
Indianola, IA. 50125
Contact House of Mercy, by calling 515-358-7610.
Drug and Alcohol Rehab, Outpatient Drug Treatment Programs, Drug Rehab Centers For Teens and Adolescents, Drug Treatment for Dual Diagnosis Clients, Drug Rehab Centers For Pregnant Women, Drug Rehabs For Women, Drug Treatment Centers For Men, Drug Rehab Programs For Criminal Justice Clients, Drug Rehab Programs For Hearing Impaired Clients
Self Pay Drug Rehab Programs, Drug Rehabs That Accept Medicaid, State Financed Insurance, Drug Rehabs That Accept Private Health Insurance, Drug Treatment Centers That Accept Military Insurance, Drug Rehabs With Sliding Scale Fees, Drug Treatment Centers With Payment Assistance Programs
Integrative Counseling Solutions Inc
(West Des Moines is 35.2 from Lorimor)
1200 Valley West Drive
West Des Moines, IA. 50266
Contact Integrative Counseling Solutions Inc, by calling 515-267-1340.
Self Pay Drug Rehab Programs, Drug Rehabs That Accept Medicaid, State Financed Insurance, Drug Rehabs That Accept Private Health Insurance, Drug Treatment Centers That Accept Military Insurance
Orchard Place
(Des Moines is 36 from Lorimor)
925 Porter Avenue
Des Moines, IA. 50315
Contact Orchard Place , by calling 515-285-6781.
Drug Treatment for Dual Diagnosis Clients, Drug Rehabs For Gays and Lesbians
Everest Institute
(Urbandale is 37.3 from Lorimor)
Urbandale, IA. 50322
Contact Everest Institute, by calling 515-412-5112.
Drug and Alcohol Rehab, Outpatient Drug Treatment Programs
Self Pay Drug Rehab Programs, Drug Rehabs That Accept Private Health Insurance
In 2008, 10.0 million persons aged 12 or older reported driving under the influence of illicit drugs during the past year. This corresponds to 4.0 percent of the population aged 12 or older, the same as the rate in 2007 (4.0 percent), but lower than the rate in 2002 (4.7 percent). In 2008, the rate was highest among young adults aged 18 to 25 (12.3 percent).
Among adults, age at first use of alcohol was associated with dependence on or abuse of alcohol. Among adults aged 18 or older who first tried alcohol at age 14 or younger, 17.5 percent were classified with alcohol dependence or abuse compared with only 3.7 percent of adults who had first used alcohol at age 18 or older. Adults aged 21 or older who had first used alcohol before age 21 were more likely than adults who had their first drink at age 21 or older to be classified with alcohol dependence or abuse (16.5, 9.4, and 4.4 percent for adults who first used alcohol at age 14 or younger, age 15 to 17, and age 18 to 20, respectively, vs. 2.5 percent for first use at age 21 or older).
In 2009, among persons aged 12 or older, the rate of substance dependence or abuse was the lowest among Asians (3.5 percent). The rates for the other racial/ethnic groups were 15.5 percent for American Indians or Alaska Natives, 13.2 percent for persons reporting two or more races, 10.1 percent for Hispanics, 9.0 percent for whites, and 8.8 percent for blacks. These rates in 2009 were similar to the rates in 2002 through 2008.


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U.K. paper accused of phone tapping
Stephen Beard Jul 9, 2009
https://www.marketplace.org/2009/07/09/uk-paper-accused-phone-tapping/
TEXT OF INTERVIEW
Kai Ryssdal: There's a big news story out of the U.K today that would ordinarily be splashed all over the front pages of the dailies owned by Britain's biggest newspaper owner. Unfortunately for Rupert Murdoch, though, the story is about one of his papers. Murdoch's "News of the World" has been caught up in a whirl of celebrity, scandal, and wiretapping. And then paying up to cover up. Marketplace's Stephen Beard is on the line from London. Hello Stephen.
STEPHEN BEARD: Hello Kai.
Ryssdal: What are the allegations against Mr. Murdoch, and from whence do they come?
BEARD: They come from a rival newspaper, "The Guardian." The starting point for all this was an actual court case in 2007, when two people employed by the Murdoch paper, "The News of the World" were jailed for phone tapping. Now at the time, the line from the Murdoch empire was this is an isolated event, it's a one off, a rogue reporter on the rampage. Now, however, "The Guardian" claims this practice was endemic. "The News of the World" as a matter of routine were hiring private detectives to hack into the cell phones of public figures in search of juicy material.
Ryssdal: And quite a few of those figures as well. Celebrities, politicians, pretty much everyone.
BEARD: That's right. And the scale of this alleged abuse is pretty extraordinary. We're talking here between 2 and 3,000 people, according to "The Guardian." People like the actress Gwyneth Paltrow, even cabinet ministers, including the deputy prime minister at the time, John Prescott. If true, pretty risky move by "The News of the World."
Ryssdal: As with all good scandals, Stephen, there is an allegation of a cover up, yes?
BEARD: That's right. And "The Guardian" says the Murdoch empire tried to cover this scandal up, paying about $1.6 million to a couple of the victims of the alleged phone tapping. These were out-of-court settlements, with a confidentiality clause, designed, says "The Guardian," to keep the whole affair under wraps.
Ryssdal: It does seem too delicious. If Murdoch were covering this in one of his papers, we'd never be hearing the end of it.
BEARD: Absolutely. This is not, I should say, being reported extensively in the Murdoch papers.
Ryssdal: Yeah, needless to say. The police, though, Stephen, have said they're stratified nothing else has happened. But now the crown prosecutors are looking into this?
BEARD: That's right. And they're not the only ones. The parliamentary committee is opening its own hearings into this affair next week. As you say, the crown prosecution service says they're going to take another look at the case. The role of the police is one of the controversial aspects of this affair. The suggestions are they may have been lent on by this powerful media company to slow down and stop their investigations. We're certainly going to hear a great deal more about this. There are still many questions to be answered.
Ryssdal: Speaking of hearing. Have we heard from Mr. Murdoch himself, the CEO of Newscorp?
BEARD: Yes, he was asked about this affair. He denied any knowledge of it and dismissed the claim that his company had tried to hush up the scandal. Mr. Murdoch said if one of my companies had paid out $1.6 million, I would be aware of it, let me tell you, they have not.
Ryssdal: Stephen Beard in London for us. Thank you, Stephen.
BEARD: OK, Kai.
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/ Investing in the future
To stay relevant, media giants have been acquiring and investing in start-ups at a rapid pace. We take a look at the trend for evolving via startup investment…
No industry has been affected by disruptive innovation to the extent of the media industry in recent years.
The digital revolution and the almost-overnight emergence of entire new platforms, channels and markets have forced traditional media giants to transform themselves into something completely different. Top of the boardroom agenda has been how to manage the successful transition into digital media, regardless of the company's legacy products.
Initially, many firms invested in organic growth – recruiting people with different skills to pursue ventures into new products and services.
But with organic growth often a slow and expensive exercise, and businesses unsure which emerging technologies might be 'the next big thing', major players have turned to buying their way into the digital sphere, both through acquisition and investment in external start-up businesses.
Strategic investment is one of several topics that will be discussed at the upcoming Digital Innovators' Summit from 24 to 25 March in Berlin, Germany. Click here to register for the Summit (Early Bird rates are available until 31 January). The programme include speakers actively involved in investments, as well as an inaugural Accelerator, showcasing a number of Berlin startups to the audience.
PwC's US Entertainment, Media and Communications Deals Report shows the level of investment activity among media organisations today. It reveals that industry deal announcements in the year to September 2013 were 9% up on the previous year – with the internet, communications and publishing sectors all seeing increased activity.
The top ten deals alone in 2013 totalled more than $77bn – a 55% increase on 2012's $50bn. In addition, 80% of activity was corporate deals, while only 20% were private equity deals.
Giants make their move
Plenty of industry giants have made high-profile and well-documented acquisitions in recent years.
Google Ventures, the internet giant's investment arm, was the most active investor in rounds under $10m last year, putting money into 12 different companies across a three month period alone.
Google Ventures was launched in 2009 with a $100m capital commitment. It has amassed a diverse portfolio of companies covering everything from mobile messaging apps to bitcoin to genomics.
Google's biggest purchases have been the $12.5bn deal for Motorola Mobility in 2011, a $450m deal for social media marketing business Wildfire Interactive in 2012, and this month's $3.2bn deal for home automation business Nest.
Many of Google's investments have already paid off, with some businesses already being exited. Since last July, Google Ventures has seen the successful IPOs of RetailMeNot and Foundation Medicine, as well as the near-billion sale of The Climate Corp to Monsanto.
Apple makes many investments via its hedge fund Braeburn Capital, which has more than $120bn under management. But little is known about which companies Apple invests in. It occasionally owns stakes large enough to be declared: it was a founding investor in UK chip designer ARM, but has sold out, and it owns 9% of Hertfordshire-based Imagination Technologies, which designs video and audio chips.
In terms of acquisitions, Apple has invested in a number of mapping and 3D mapping businesses of late (Poly9, C3 Technologies, Particle, WiFiSlam, Locationary, HopStop.com, Embark and BroadMap).
Another area of focus has been analytics. Last year, for example, Apple picked up a $200m acquisition in the form of Topsy, a surging Twitter analytics company based in San Francisco.
Last November, MediaCorp's strategic planning head Guillaume Sachet told the Start-up Asia Jakarta conference that the need to stay ahead of changing consumer consumption patterns was driving his firm to consider such purchases.
MediaCorp recently invested $40m in luxury e-store Reebonz and launched a start-up fund and incubator programme called 'The Mediapreneur', which consists of an investment fund for the seed-funding of start-ups and mentoring to help entrepreneurial ideas become solid start-up businesses.
"We are committed to nurturing and investing in start-ups with innovative and disruptive technologies, enterprising ideas and new business concepts in the digital media space," Sachet said upon launch. The programme's first investment was in video streaming start-up Ooyala.
Backing the start-ups
While media giants swallowing up digital businesses in large deals will often grab the headlines, plenty of start-ups are receiving part-funding from media giants – with many receiving backing from multiple players.
Vungle is a San Francisco-based company that purveys mobile video ads to promote apps. In May, it announced it had raised $2m from a host of big Silicon Valley and Alley names, including Google Ventures, AOL Ventures, Crosslink Capital, Ron Conway's SV Angel, Dave McClure's 500 Start-ups, Charles Hudson's SoftTechVCs, Maynard Webb, Scott McNealy and Tim Draper.
Media giant Hearst Corporation made a minority investment in Chicago-based Spooky Cool Labs, a social game studio that released its Wizard of Oz game on Facebook
In 2010, meanwhile, Amazon and Facebook joined forces with venture capital funding company Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, which invested $250m in the sFund, an endeavour to finance new social applications. The fund also includes web social gaming player Zynga, entertainment giant Comcast and Liberty Media. Its goal is to seed start-ups in the red-hot market for social media software.
So exactly which areas are hot for investment right now? A report produced by PwC late last year, based on research by Thomson Reuters, revealed that software businesses reaped 40% of all tech investment in the previous quarter.
The continued growth of the mobile and tablet markets is fuelling investment in social media start-ups – but also the technologies that can help improve the user experience: mapping, data analytics and mobile software.
Investing your way out of print
Of course, many of those who have invested in start-ups and the acquisition of smaller businesses have been print businesses threatened by the digital revolution.
Last year, Dennis Publishing invested in app software business Contentment, a tech start-up dedicated to creating multi-platform publishing and production tools.
Axel Springer is another traditionally print media business that has undergone an investment-fuelled digital transformation. Its investments are very diverse: For instance, in 2012, it did a minor investment in apartment-letting site AirBnB, which was part of a strategic marketing agreement. In 2013, it purchased a majority interest in the sports and fitness app Runtastic. In October 2013, it announced that it was to purchase, through its subsidiary StepStone, the YourCareerGroup – one of the leading operators of job portals for hotels, restaurants and tourism in the German-speaking countries.
Naspers is another business that has completely transformed its offering from a traditional print base. It began its evolution through an investment into Tencen in China, in the late 1990s. A host of other such investments have paid off spectacularly to see the firm now termed by some as 'the biggest multimedia conglomerate you've never heard of'.
In 2011 alone, Naspers bought majority stakes in social shopping's Multiply for $44m, emerging-markets online-game firm Level Up! for $51m, Latin American payment provider DineroMail for $28m, and Turkish online shopping service Markafoni for $86m – taking it not just into the digital publishing space, but also into e-commerce.
Other traditional print giants have also moved into e-commerce. Condé Nast has invested in RenéSim, one of Europe's first online jewellers in the luxury market. The move was the magazine publisher's seventh investment in e-commerce businesses, after it allotted $500m for investments in digital start-ups and screened more than 200 companies in the past two years.
So how do you manage your investment? Moritz von Laffert, managing director of Condé Nast Germany and VP of Condé Nast International has said of his company's investment in e-commerce businesses that there are specific criteria requirements: "We specifically target young, innovative businesses where we can contribute actively to a sustainable increase in value and which, as new business models, can provide meaningful additions to our media portfolio."
Martin Belson, managing director of enterprise division, at Dennis Publishing, appears to agree, adding of his company's investments that they must contribute something to the business strategy, as well as being a sound investment.
"The whole point of Dennis Enterprise is to create investment outside our digital revenue streams," he said. "We're not here to just be a venture capitalist and invest in start-ups. They need to have a strategic synergy with us."
Meanwhile, Edi Taslim, digital group director of Kompas Gramedia, which has also invested in start-ups, believes taking on some form of control of the business is essential.
"We have an independent policy to run the business," he told the Start-up Asia Jakarta conference. "Having a separate entity would also mean having a different mindset and a different way of running a business."
With so much activity taking place around the globe, and with thousands of start-ups taking flight every month, it's likely investment in fledgling businesses will continue in 2014 and beyond.
Media CEOs agree. According to PwC's US Entertainment and Media CEOs Survey, 20% of respondents said "new M&A, joint ventures and strategic alliances" will provide the main opportunities for growing entertainment and media business in the next 12 months – more than believed organic growth was the future.