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Leaked document: Putin lobbied Trump on arms control
A page of proposed topics for negotiation, not previously made public, offers new insights into the substance of the July 16 talks between US and Russian presidents.
By	Bryan Bender
8/8/18, 5:00 AM CET
Updated 4/19/19, 1:46 AM CET
A list of issues he shared with Trump in Helsinki suggests Russia wants to continue traditional nuclear talks with the U.S. — but doesn't answer all questions about their meeting | Yuri Kadobnov/AFP via Getty Images
Vladimir Putin presented President Donald Trump with a series of requests during their private meeting in Helsinki last month, including new talks on controlling nuclear arms and prohibiting weapons in space, according to a Russian document obtained by POLITICO.
A page of proposed topics for negotiation, not previously made public, offers new insights into the substance of the July 16 dialogue that even Trump's top advisers have said they were not privy to at the time. Putin shared the contents of the document with Trump during their two-hour conversation, according to a U.S. government adviser who provided an English-language translation.
POLITICO also reviewed a Russian-language version of the document, which bore the header in Cyrillic "Dialogue on the Issue of Arms Control." The person who provided the document to POLITICO obtained it from Russian officials who described it as what Putin had conveyed to Trump in Helsinki.
The White House declined to comment on the document Tuesday, aside from denying that Trump had received any actual paperwork.
The memo points to a surprising normalcy in the priorities that Putin brought to the meeting, which included a willingness to extend a series of landmark nuclear treaties and pursue new weapons limits. Such issues have been standard fare in Russian-U.S. dialogue for decades — though they've been overshadowed of late by rising tensions over topics like Syria and Ukraine, as well as bipartisan complaints in Washington about Trump's refusal to challenge Putin's denials that Moscow had interfered in the 2016 election.
Even Trump's top U.S. advisers have expressed murkiness about what the two leaders discussed or agreed to.
The new details provide evidence that Putin remains interested in maintaining the two nations' traditional cooperation on nuclear weapons despite all their other friction, said one participant in recent unofficial arms control talks in Moscow.
"This is, 'We want to get out of the dog house and engage with the U.S. on a broad range of security issues,'" said the person, who was not authorized to speak publicly about the discussions. The arms control talks in late July included representatives of the Russian Foreign Ministry and a U.S. delegation headed by former Undersecretary of State Thomas Pickering.
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Uncertainty about what Putin and Trump discussed caused much consternation in Washington after the two leaders and their translators met alone in Helsinki, even inspiring Democratic attempts to subpoena Trump's Russian interpreter. The document doesn't fully address critics' questions about the private meeting, such as what the Russian government meant last month when it said the two leaders had discussed "cooperation in Syria."
Even Trump's top U.S. advisers have expressed murkiness about what the two leaders discussed or agreed to. As recently as last week, Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats told reporters he was "not in a position to either understand fully or talk about what happened in Helsinki."
The White House has refused to answer most questions about what Trump and Putin discussed | Mark Wilson/Getty Images
Still, Putin touched on some of the document's themes during his joint news conference with Trump in Helsinki, where the Russian leader said that "as major nuclear powers, we bear special responsibility for maintaining international security."
Among other priorities, Putin expressed interest in extending an Obama-era nuclear-reduction treaty and ensuring "non-placement of weapons in space."
"We submitted [to] our American colleagues a note with a number of specific suggestions," Putin said at the time.
The White House, which has refused to answer most questions about what Trump and Putin discussed, would neither confirm nor deny the document's veracity.
"During the historic meeting between President Trump and President Putin, the two leaders discussed a range of subjects, including our nuclear arsenals, which when combined account for roughly 90 percent of all nuclear weapons," National Security Council spokesman Garrett Marquis said.
He added: "There were no commitments to undertake any action, beyond agreement that both sides should continue discussions. The president did not receive any written proposals from President Putin, and the President did not provide any written proposals to President Putin."
"We're getting together and we have a chance to do some great things, whether it's nuclear proliferation in terms of stopping, we have to do it" — U.S. President Donald Trump
Some conservative defense hawks in the U.S. have warned against trusting Putin's suggestions on arms control. They allege he aims to hamper Trump's priorities of modernizing America's nuclear arsenal and creating a Space Force, a military branch that the president says would ensure "American dominance" beyond the Earth.
But overall, nuclear arms control remains one of the few areas of the U.S.-Russian relationship with bipartisan support in Congress.
For instance, the Russian document proposes a five-year extension for the so-called New START Treaty limiting nuclear arms. That mirrors a nonbinding resolution, S. 3169 (115), that Democrats recently proposed in Congress, where lawmakers have expressed alarm about the dangers of a new arms race as the U.S. and Russia upgrade their nuclear arsenals and Trump seeks to establish his Space Force.
The Russian document outlines a host of areas where the two countries could work together to reduce nuclear dangers and rebuild some of their lost trust.
It begins with extending the New START Treaty, which was signed by Putin and then-President Barack Obama in 2010 and ratified by the Russian Duma and U.S. Senate. The two sides agreed to limit each nation to 1,500 nuclear warheads deployed on land-based and submarine-launched missiles and carried by bomber aircraft, and it permits a vigorous set of regular inspections.
Putin expressed interest in extending an Obama-era nuclear-reduction treaty and ensuring "non-placement of weapons in space" | Anatoly Maltsev/EPA
Russia proposes that the two countries "consider the possibility of a five years extension" of the treaty, which expires in early 2021, "upon understanding that existing problems related to the Treaty implementation will be settled," the document says.
More controversially, the document outlines Moscow's pitch to "reaffirm commitment" to agreements covering "intermediate-range missiles." That is a reference to the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty negotiated by President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, which prohibited ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers.
The United States has accused Russia of violating the pact by deploying a cruise missile that can travel more than 500 kilometers. In response, Congress last year provided funding for development of a U.S. version of the missile, and some Republican hawks have urged the Trump administration to pull out of the treaty altogether to avoid giving the Russians any battlefield advantage.
In the July 16 news conference in Helsinki, Putin referred to the New START Treaty, a possible ban on weapons in space and "the implementation issues with the INF treaty."
Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has expressed cautious optimism that Russian interest in negotiating new arms control agreements is genuine.
Trump also highlighted the potential for cooperation.
"We're getting together and we have a chance to do some great things, whether it's nuclear proliferation in terms of stopping, we have to do it — ultimately, that's probably the most important thing that we can be working on," Trump said in the post-summit news conference.
"Our relationship has never been worse than it is now," Trump added. "However, that changed as of about four hours ago. I really believe that."
The Russian document also raises the prospect of a new space treaty that bars both nations from placing weapons in orbit — urging the two countries "to discuss the non-placement of weapons in space."
The U.S. and Russia are both party to the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, but that only prohibits placing weapons of mass destruction in space. Both nations, along with China, are believed to be working on anti-satellite weapons and other offensive means to attack space assets.
The Russian appeal also addresses rising tensions in Eastern Europe, proposing that Washington and Moscow "take measures in order to prevent incidents while conducting military activities in Europe, as well as to increase trust and transparency in the military sphere."
A conservative group headed by Frank Gaffney, an ally of Trump national security adviser John Bolton, called Putin's offer in Helsinki "a trap" | Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images
It also calls on the two sides to "initiate expert consultations to identify destabilizing kinds of arms, to take them into account in the arms control mechanism."
The Russian document raised a series of possible venues for the talks to place. It proposes "strategic stability" consultations, led by the deputy secretary of state and deputy minister of foreign affairs, which could discuss a host of other thorny issues such as Syria. It also recommends so-called 2+2 dialogue between the U.S. secretaries of State and Defense and their Russian counterparts, as well as meetings between the heads of the U.S. and Russian armed forces.
The Pentagon seems eager to revive the "strategic stability" talks, which were suspended last year.
"We're in the process of trying to arrange a period of time, a date and a place, to meet to have strategic stability talks," John Rood, the undersecretary of defense for policy, said late last month during a discussion hosted by the Aspen Institute. He said those would ideally involve "clear understandings of how we regard nuclear doctrine."
Fierce critics remain in the most hawkish foreign policy circles in Washington.
How the Trump administration plans to proceed on the arms control agenda, however, remains uncertain. A State Department spokesman declined to say when or if official talks might begin on extending the New START treaty.
But Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has expressed cautious optimism that Russian interest in negotiating new arms control agreements is genuine and that the two countries can make progress.
Trump went to Helsinki "with the objective to create the opportunity for leaders of these two powers that own enormous nuclear capacity to have a channel to communicate," Pompeo said several days after the summit. "There were places they found overlap. We're going to work on counterterrorism together. We're hopeful that on some of these grand arms control issues, that are very important to the world, that there may well be a path forward."
Arms control advocates have generally criticized what they view as Trump's overly aggressive foreign policy, particularly some of his fiery rhetoric about nuclear weapons and his proposal to develop a new, lower-yield nuclear bomb for use short of an all-out atomic conflict.
Yet widespread agreement exists that the U.S. should seize the opportunity to carry on the Cold War legacy of arms treaties with Russia.
How the Trump administration plans to proceed on the arms control agenda remains uncertain | Mladen Antonov/AFP via Getty Images
"New START extension should be a priority regardless of other problems in the U.S.-Russia relationship," said Alexandra Bell, a former State Department official who is senior policy director at the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, a Washington think tank. "The predictability and stability the treaty provides should not be a bargaining chip. It also shouldn't be assumed that we can just deal with this later. The Russians have shown an interest in serious conversations about extension. We should pursue the opportunity."
Yet fierce critics remain in the most hawkish foreign policy circles in Washington. For example, the Center for Security Policy — a conservative group headed by Frank Gaffney, an ally of Trump national security adviser John Bolton — called Putin's offer in Helsinki "a trap."
"He said that he wants to re-start bilateral arms control processes with the United States," the think tank said in recent statement. "That proposal, much favored by the U.S. foreign policy establishment, would: preclude the United States from decisively countering Putin's strategic nuclear modernization; deny America the right to defend itself against ballistic missile attack; and emasculate Trump's envisioned Space Force military service.
"President Trump must take a businesslike approach to get Putin to pay for his own arms control, while putting American defense interests first," it added.
David Herszenhorn contributed to this report.
Russia sanctions
Trump more distrusted than Putin, Xi: poll
Only 29 percent of people worldwide are confident in US president to do the right thing.


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Political Bios
IRISH TRAIL
Early Settlement
Community Histories
Shamrock Leaf
O'Neill's Settlement
By Shirley Cail
O'Neill's Settlement is located on Indian Mountain about 15 km. northwest of Moncton, in Westmorland county. It consisted of the two crossroads on the McLaughlin Road (Route 495) – at Communication Road and Indian Mountain Road and went along Indian Mountain Road in a westerly direction. A small farming community containing a schoolhouse and a post office, it was located on a ridge that was fairly rich agriculturally but relatively isolated. Most of the Irish settler families have since left the area.
Land Grant map of O'Neill's Settlement (west to east but excluding the McLaughlin Road area1
John and Alice (McQuade) Delahunt home, O'Neill's Settlement
It is not known when this community was established but the Delahunt family was living there around 1830. One can still view the remains of the basement where the first Delahunt home was located. Also, the O'Neills arrived soon after in 1832 and 1837 along with other families – the Kellys and the Murrays. Some who had arrived in the province earlier were also along this ridge including the Fitzsimmons (1816) and the O'Rourkes (1812). Some had land grants here but never settled, and were only interested in the land for the timber stands – i.e. the Humphrey's, Harris and Wilbur grants. One land grant to a M[ichael] Donovan is on the map. However, he left and later settled in nearby Irishtown where his wife's people and other members of his family had settled.2
O'Neill's Settlement was essentially a farming and lumbering community. Fairly isolated because the nearby McLaughlin Road was no more than a cart track and only accessible in dry weather, the community had close ties with the neighbouring Irish communities of Irishtown and McQuades. In many ways, these three communities were inter-connected and the families worshiped at the same church, St Lawrence O'Toole's in Irishtown. Indeed, the road that connects the three communities was called "Communication Road".
The O'Neill family home
The post office in O'Neill's opened in January 1887 and closed in 1932. The first postmaster was Daniel O'Neill who served from January 1, 1887 until September 1893. He never married and died in November 1902. It was at this time that the community became known as O'Neill's. Other postmasters were: Robert C. Kelly (Jan 1994-May 1904), Maurice O'Neill (July 1904-Sep 1904), Mrs. Ellen O'Neill (Nov 1904-Jan 1913), Robert C Kelly (March 1913-April 1925) and Mrs. Celeste Kelly (May 1925-Feb 1932).3
The New Brunswick Archives in Fredericton contains information on Westmorland County schools from 1877 and the school at O'Neill's is listed from that date. In the beginning it was known as the Bud School District #20. In the early years there were several Budd families living in that area. The school district name was probably changed to O'Neill's in 1887 when the O'Neill's post office was opened. The school closed around 1967, at the time many schools were being consolidated, and remained vacant for several years until it was burned on a Halloween night.
O'Neill's School, District #20
There were 35 pupils attending the Budd School in 1880. There were the Delahunt children – Thomas, John, William, James and Pierce. There were Hennessys – Patrick, James, William and Walter. Also there were Martin, Annie and Elizabeth Fitzsimmons and James, Louisa and Ellen Wilkins. There were several O'Neills – Mary E., James, Elizabeth, Jane, Sarah and John. Also, there were many McFarlanes – Mary Jane, Edward, James, George, John, Alberta, Carrie, George and Annie. Also students at the school were Victoria and Elizabeth Gray, Frank Eddington, Mary Gaynes, and Rebecca Steeves.4
Some of the parents of these children were Robert and Catherine McFarlane, John and Eunice McFarlane, James and Caroline McFarlane, John and Elizabeth O'Neill, Maurice and Ellen O'Neill, John and Alice Delahunt, Richard and Rhoda Delahunt, James and Letitia Wilkins, Patrick and Elizabeth Hennessy, James and Mary Fitzsimmons and Mary Gray, a widow.
Social life in the community was limited to playing cards, having dances in different homes and occasionally fund raising activities such as basket socials. The women in the community would bring decorated baskets of food to the social for the men to bid on. The highest bidder would get the basket and share the food with the woman who brought it.
Bertha (Horseman) Demmings tells the story about bringing her basket to a basket social. Two young guys bought the basket but when they found out that she was a married woman they took off with the basket and did not share the food. Fortunately, another man at the social knew the guys and took off after them. He was able too retrieve her china dishes and cutlery.
O'Neill's Settlement is no more than a crossroad today. Just outside Moncton city limits, it has become part of the commuter belt into the city. Some of the farms are still in operation – an attestation to the good soils in the area – but the descendants of the first Irish settlers have all moved on – into Moncton and beyond.
[1] ______, Crown Land Grant Map No. 109, Department of Natural Resources, Fredericton, NB.
[2] Wayne A Gilcash, Ed., The New Brunswick Census of 1851: Westmorland County, Vol 1, Parish of Moncton, Fredericton: Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, 1981, various pages.
[3] ______, Library and Archives Canada, Post Offices and Postmasters, www.colectionscanada.gc.ca/archivianet/post-offices, PSFDS03-18128
[4] ______, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, Westmorland School Records P3, Teachers and Trustees Returns 1877-1956 (microfilm)
______, Crown Land Grant Map No. 109, Department of Natural Resources, Fredericton, NB.
Gilcash, Wayne A, Ed., The New Brunswick Census of 1851: Westmorland County, Vol 1, Parish of Moncton, Fredericton: Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, 1981.
______, Library and Archives Canada, Post Offices and Postmasters, www.colectionscanada.gc.ca/archivianet/post-offices, PSFDS03-18128
______, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, Westmorland School Records P3, Teachers and Trustees Returns 1877-1956 (microfilm)
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Home › About IFAC › News & Events › IFAC Global Survey: Accountants' Performance Expectations for Coming Year Moderate but Remain Optimistic, Despite Concerns over Economic Slowdown
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IFAC Global Survey: Accountants' Performance Expectations for Coming Year Moderate but Remain Optimistic, Despite Concerns over Economic Slowdown
Accountants working in small- and medium-sized practices (SMPs) are generally optimistic about performance in 2016, as a majority predict revenues will stay the same or increase across all service lines, according to the latest IFAC Global SMP Survey results (full report and summary). However, optimism is not at the same level as a year ago as growth projections across service lines have dropped since 2014.
While performance expectations decreased from a year ago, SMPs indicate that their challenges are somewhat less acute than last year. As in 2014, the most pressing challenges for SMPs in 2015 were: attracting new clients (47% high or very high challenge), keeping up with new regulations and standards (44%), differentiating from the competition (43%), and pressure to lower fees (41%).
The 2015 IFAC Global SMP Survey received 6,725 respondents, representing 169 countries and more than 800,000 SME clients around the world, making it the largest survey of SMPs. The survey was conducted October–November 2015 in 22 languages.
It is well recognized that professional accountants are a preferred source of advice for SMEs, typically forming long-term relationships founded on trust. SMEs account for the vast majority of businesses globally and, in most jurisdictions, account for the majority of private sector GDP, employment, and growth.
"Collectively, this is a large and important sector whose views are important to hear," said IFAC CEO Fayez Choudhury. "The health of the SME sector is a barometer of the vitality of a nation's economy and of global trade and commerce at large. Listening to SMEs through their accountants—who know them well—is a critical exercise that allows IFAC and its member organizations to better support them, which in turn supports stability and growth more broadly.
Additional key findings from the survey include:
SMPs recognize the value of offering business advisory and consultancy services.
A significant majority of respondents provide some form of advisory services, with tax planning (52%), corporate advisory (45%), and management accounting (41%) being the most common.
SMEs face a number of challenges, with economic uncertainty consistently topping the list.
Consistent with 2014, the top challenges facing SME clients were economic uncertainty (61% high or very high challenge) and rising costs (58%).
Looking ahead, competition and regulatory developments will continue to be dominant factors in the SMP business environment.
Consistent with 2014, the regulatory environment (52% high or very high impact) and competition (46%) topped the list of environmental factors most likely to impact SMPs over the next five years, followed by technology developments (43%).
"For the second consecutive year, SMPs have predicted that technology and regulatory developments will have the biggest impact on them in the future; they will need to be nimble and adapt in order to remain competitive," said IFAC SMP Committee Chair Giancarlo Attolini. "While changes in technology are inevitable, we need to continue contributing to the development of international standards that are stable, relevant, and can be applied in a manner proportionate to the size of the entity or practice. And, as a profession, we need to help SMPs and SMEs adapt and prepare for changes by continuing to listen, develop guidance, and encourage knowledge sharing so they are well positioned to thrive in the future."
The survey design and reporting were undertaken in collaboration with Sarah Webber and Donna L. Street, lead researchers from the University of Dayton (US). IFAC wishes to thank the many member and regional organizations that helped with translation and distribution of the survey. See the full results, including breakdowns by region and size of practice, and subscribe to receive SMP updates, on the IFAC website: www.ifac.org/SMP.
Some regions, countries, and larger SMPs were not well represented in the survey results; caution should be exercised when attempting to generalize survey results to specific countries, specific regions, or SMPs of all sizes.
About the SMP Committee
The SMP Committee of the International Federation of Accountants® (IFAC®) represents the interests of professional accountants operating in small- and medium-sized practices (SMPs). The committee develops guidance and tools and works to ensure the needs of the SMPs are considered by standard setters, regulators, and policy makers. The committee also speaks out on behalf of SMPs to raise awareness of their role and value, especially in supporting SMEs, and the importance of the small business sector overall.
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession, dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. It is comprised of more than 175 members and associates in 130 countries and jurisdictions, representing almost 3 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.
2015 MIA-IFAC Regional SMP Forum
IFAC Global SMP Survey: 2015 Results
IFAC Global SMP Survey: 2015 Summary
IFAC Releases 2018 Global SMP Survey
Regulation and Growth: IFAC Global Regulatory Survey
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Valient Thorr
Legend of the World
(Volcom Entertainment)
Building upon the framework laid by last year's debut, Total Universe Man, those wild and crazy outer space rockers Valient Thorr have returned with Legend Of The World, a twelve track offering once again focused on the charismatic personality of frontman Valient Himself and his band of intergalactic bearded sonic warriors. Sonically, the appeal of Valient Thorr primarily rests in an honest fusion of '70s acid rock and punk rock. If you can imagine the grittiness of stoner rock merged with outrageous showmanship, you have the idea.Songs such as "Resurrection," "Exit Strategy" and "Goveruptcy" reveal that these Venusian expatriates have had plenty of time since their spaceship crashed in North Carolina to study the musical techniques of bands like Clutch and Kyuss. Still, Valient Thorr have enough of an original bent about them to make a case for the band's originality.
Quite often, Valient Thorr seeks to influence the political mindset of Americans with their fuzzed-out, frantic jamming. On "Lime Green Net," the lyrical content offers a challenge to a country plagued with decisions between security and freedom, while the grooving, backbeat-heavy "Stormstris" offers blues for the pre-apocalyptic age, with the rabid vocal tantrums of Himself taking a backseat only to scorching lead work.
More than anything, Valient Thorr succeeds when dead set upon rocking like nobody's business. Look toward the chorus of "Fall Of Pangea" or the restless energy of "Con Science," where the band sounds ready to blast fuzzy licks and incessant rants to the far corners of the Earth. All in all, Legend Of The World offers a much more cohesive listen than Total Universe Man, and affirms that the presence of these extra-terrestrial rockers is likely to have a colossally crushing impact on a completely unsuspecting world.
Written by Erin Fox
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Here you see all directly available cannabis varieties from Natural Genetics Seeds, but please also check out the eventually available strain auctions in the Natural Genetics Seeds Auction-Area. Click on the name of the strain or onto the hints for more informations about this offers! Tip: To sort the offers by its values - simply click on the titles of the table!


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More Thoughts on the NYT's "Kill List" Process Article
By Kenneth Anderson
Tuesday, May 29, 2012, 12:46 PM
Over at Volokh Conspiracy, I make some comments on the NYT article to which Ben linked this morning. My comments run to the kind of signals that the administration might be seeking to send about the thoroughness of its vetting of targeted killing decisions. One of those signals, however, seems to me potentially ambiguous, and merits clarification:
The administration wants to send a clear signal that the President considers and signs off on these personally, and that this is far from a perfunctory or unconsidered sign-off. I applaud the President for this level of personal review; I think it is right. This signal carries a certain ambiguity, however – one that I believe the administration needs to consider closely. The ambiguity lies in whether the President's personal, considered attention to each decision is understood and conveyed to the public as a matter of the burden of the institutional presidency – something that would be no less true of a President Romney than a President Obama. In that case the implication is that President Obama is stepping up to the plate to establish a process not just for himself, but for his successors and for the institution of the presidency. And he does so in a way that both sets a precedent (in the sense of a certain burden) for the proper level of involvement of the president in targeted killing decisions. But, while setting a presidential burden, this also gives future presidents important institutional legitimacy, through the weight of precedent established by the acts of a prior president, and institutional stability – to targeted killing, specifically, but also by implication to the emerging paradigm of covert and small-scale self-defense actions against non-state terrorist actors which, in the future, may or may not have anything to do with Al Qaeda and might be addressed to wholly new threats.
The alternative is that President Obama is sending a signal that these actions are legitimate only because he is personally trusted to do the right thing on these decisions, just because he is Barack Obama. His constituencies trust him with this power in a way that they would not entrust to any other president, including those who come after. In other words, there is a question implicit in the New York Times description as to whether the President is conferring a purely personal legitimacy that disappears with this presidency, or whether he and his administration are creating a long term process, and conferring the weight of institutional legitimacy on it.
It is obvious from how I've framed the ambiguity that I believe that the administration has an obligation to create lasting institutional structures, processes, institutional settlement around these policies. It owes it to future presidencies; every current president is a fiduciary for later presidents. It also owes it to the ordinary officials and officers, civilian and military, who are deeply involved in carrying out killing and death under the administration's claims of law – it needs to do everything it can to ensure that things these people do in reliance on claims of lawfulness will be treated as such into the future. And in fact I believe this is what the senior leaders and lawyers who have issued speeches for the administration are seeking. But I think there is still room for the players involved to say clearly that these processes are legitimate for the executive, this president and future presidents.
Targeted Killing,
Targeted Killing: Drones
Kenneth Anderson is a professor at Washington College of Law, American University; a visiting fellow of the Hoover Institution; and a non-resident senior fellow of the Brookings Institution. He writes on international law, the laws of war, weapons and technology, and national security; his most recent book, with Benjamin Wittes, is "Speaking the Law: The Obama Administration's Addresses on National Security Law."
@kennethanderson
D.C. Circuit Dismisses "Kill List" Case for Lack of Standing
Bryce Klehm Tue, Jan 26, 2021, 1:20 PM
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Document: Trump Revokes Obama Executive Order on Counterterrorism Strike Casualty Reporting
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Judicial Review of Decisions to Kill American Citizens Under the AUMF: The Most Important Case You Missed Last Week
Robert Chesney Mon, Jun 18, 2018, 2:34 PM
Document: Judge Allows "Kill List" Lawsuit to Go Forward
Quinta Jurecic Wed, Jun 13, 2018, 10:08 PM


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Match Preview: Rovers v Fleetwood Town
Rovers return to the Mem on Saturday afternoon, as they welcome Fleetwood Town in what will be Graham Coughlan.
Whilst last Saturday's trip to Sunderland ended in a 2-1 defeat, the side received plaudits for a much-improved performance following the disappointment against Doncaster Rovers a week beforehand.
Alex Rodman gave Rovers an early lead, which they sadly could not hang on to but could have snatched a late point, if substitute Stefan Payne's 94th-minute strike had not crashed back off the crossbar.
Despite the positives taken from last weekend's visit to the Stadium of Light, the reality is that Rovers are without a league win in five games and only AFC Wimbledon separate them from the very foot of the table.
Beat Fleetwood on Saturday however and Coughlan's men could take themselves to within a point of safety.
Chris Hargreaves' View: The Rovers coach sat down with the press on Thursday morning and amongst a whole range of topics, discussed the importance of the supporters heading into Saturday's game.
Preview: Chris Hargreaves on Fleetwood Town
Alex Jakubiak's View: The striker was also on press duty on Thursday and talked about taking his opportunities.
Preview: Alex Jakubiak on Fleetwood Town
Opposition: Joey Barton's Fleetwood enjoyed a strong start to the season, but tailed off somewhat as the league began to take proper shape, however still find themselves in a respectable 10th position. They've won three of their last five games in all competitions, the latest of which was a 1-0 over former Championship outfit Burton Albion. Town also claimed a comfortable 3-0 victory over Coventry City, a week before their 2-1 FA Cup win away at non-league Guiseley. They have however been beaten on the road in recent weeks, 2-0 to highfliers Luton Town and 2-1 to strugglers Plymouth Argyle. Fleetwood haven't actually won a league game away from home since the start of October, a stat that would play in Rovers' favour this Saturday.
Opposition View: Fleetwood Town
This Fixture Last Season: The Fisherman visited the Mem on the fourth day of the 2017/18 campaign, as goals from Stuart Sinclair, Billy Bodin and Ellis Harrison helped the Gas to a 3-1 win.
Tickets: Tickets for this fixture will be available on the gate, however supporters could face the possibility of queues so we advise arriving in good time.
Ticket Information: Fleetwood Town
Keeping Up With The Game: As usual, we will have updates throughout the game on social media. If you can't make it on Saturday you can listen live on iFollow, whilst supporters based abroad will be able to watch the game. For more information about iFollow - please click HERE.
Bristol Rovers vs Fleetwood Town on 22 Dec 18
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Q: Powershell Remote Variable Interpolation I am having trouble passing variables into remote sessions. From the about_Remote_Variable help page, I know that I can do:
$localLog = "Windows Powershell"

Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock {
    Get-WinEvent -LogName $using:localLog | select -First 5;
}

And this works well enough.  But then if I do the following:
Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock {
    $remoteLog = $using:localLog;
    Get-WinEvent -LogName $remoteLog | select -First 5;
}

I get the error:
A Using variable cannot be retrieved. A Using variable can be used only with Invoke-Command,
Start-Job, or InlineScript in the script workflow. When it is used with Invoke-Command,
the Using variable is valid only if the script block is invoked on a remote computer.
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : UsingWithoutInvokeCommand
    + PSComputerName        : myComputer

Why does this fail?  I need to understand this because in my real script I am trying to pass many more variables and do more complicated things.
Thanks, bob

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Writing… about role-playing?
Compromise and Conceit
Infernal adventuring…
Archipelago 6: I Have Drunk, and Seen the Spider
Posted by faustusnotes under Fantasy, game reports | Tags: Archipelago campaign, Genesys |
Hugo Tuya's guards have killed a nest of spiders and freed some human prisoners, but in doing so learnt that there is another nest deeper in the forest. They decided to raid that nest and take whatever treasures might be buried in its webs, as well as more spidersilk to sell to the elves. The roster for today's mission:
Bao Tap, human stormcaller
Calim "Ambros" Nefari, human rimewarden
Itzel, elven astrologer
Kyansei of the Eilika Tribe, wildling barbarian
Quangbae, human explorer
They helped the humans they had rescued back to the edge of the forest, took a brief break, and returned to the site of the battle to find the next nest.
Strange doings in the nest
They found trails leading into the forest and followed them, tracking old remnants of web and traces of spider's passing deep into the gloom. They followed this trail for several hours, until they finally reached an area of trees heavily shrouded in old webs, and realized they had reached their goal. In rare gaps between the heavy foliage they could see trails of pink and scarlet across the sky, and the gathering shadows told them they were close to sunset. A bad time to be raiding a spider's nest, but better to do it now than to retreat in the dark. They moved forward to infiltrate the nest.
As they approached, though, they saw a strange sight: a humanoid figure, shrouded in tattered webs, moving slowly and jerkily around the trees, occasionally stopping and bending over or reaching up to perform some task that looked like it might be cleaning. Confused, two of them moved around the edge of the nest to get a closer view. They approached the humanoid, grabbed it and turned it to face them – revealing a haunted, enslaved human. This person was emaciated and filthy, their clothes tattered and in ruins, their body wrapped in old and filthy webbing. Their face and the parts of their arms which the guards could see were covered in small scars and bites, and as they held the person large spiders emerged from inside the webs, ran across their skin and disappeared back inside the nest, as if they were comfortable on the person's body. The person moved with a listless, exhausted, zombie like affect, but when the PCs looked in their eyes they could see that they were desperate and terrified. Tears welled up as the person saw them, but they could not move or speak.
As they were trying to speak to the trapped human the spiders emerged, and the battle began.
The redcap
The battle began smoothly enough. Smaller, dog-sized spiders emerged from the webs and attacked the guards who had tried to rescue the enslaved human, but the rest of the team held back and used missile weapons against the spiders. However, things turned vicious quickly when one of the larger spiders emerged, accompanied by a shadowy humanoid figure lurking behind a group of smaller spiders. This thing unleashed a magical blast of venom on the missile-using PCs, doing serious damage on them and forcing them to separate, and as the numbers increased they were forced into melee. Fortunately in this battle Kyansei was not webbed, and was able to battle valiantly against the chitinous horde. As she fought the spiders Calim and Bao Tap attempted to attack the shadowy human. They ran over to confront it and found themselves facing a small, dun-coloured humanoid wearing armour of spidersilk and a hat that had been drenched in blood, now long-dried. It carried a dagger made of a giant spider's fang, and as they attempted to attack it it cast a spell on them that confused them. Spiders attacked them to defend the creature, and somehow Bao Tap was bitten badly and poisoned, falling unconscious and losing the use of his arm[1]. The spiders were about to overwhelm Calim when Quangbae and Kyansei charged in to his rescue, killing the remaining spiders and then dispatching the red-capped creature before it could use its magic to enslave Calim.
With the death of the larger spider and the red-capped fey thing the battle ended, and peace fell over the shadowed glade. They began to explore for treasure and victims to rescue.
The redcap's secrets
With the death of the fey creature the human was released from their strange slavery, and collapsed sobbing to their knees. The guards approached to speak to them, and saw hordes of spiders running out from under the webbing – the human had been carrying hundreds of them against their skin inside the webs. Calim administered some basic aid and eventually, when they had sobbed out their relief, the human told them that they (he) had been here as a slave for a year. He and four others had come to the glade guarding an Astrologer, but had been ambushed by the spiders and enslaved by the redcap. One had been killed, the Astrologer had been taken away as a prisoner, and the four surviving guards had been turned into living hosts for the spiders. They moved around the nest cleaning old webs, removing parasites, cleaning up dead bodies, and also serving as hosts for new spiders: the giant spider laid her eggs in the webs wrapped around them and they would serve as food for the newborns until they were too large to be carried. They ate little, but occasionally the redcap would remember them and cast them some offcut from an animal (or a human victim, if it served) for them to eat. As a result they were emaciated near death, exhausted, and permanently and deeply scarred. The guard told them there were three more survivors around the nest, and that the redcap lived in a cave "by the drowning pool".
They rescued the remaining three servitors, bringing them to the centre of the nest where they gave them some basic medical care, water and food. Then they moved through the nest and down a narrow pathway to the "drowning pool". They found a reeking pond of stagnant water, full of rotting bodies and surrounded by detritus and bones. On the far side was a small fire with a spit over it, in front of a dark cave mouth decorated with human bones. By now it was growing dark, so they lit torches and entered the cave.
Inside they found the desiccated remains of a human Astrologer, stuck to a wall by strong bonds of webbing. The cave was a mess of filthy rags, discarded bones and rubbish, and various basic belongings. Searching through the belongings they found some basic treasures, a book of faerie lore, and the wizard's notebook. The first part of this notebook was research and spell notes, indicating that the wizard had come here believing that there were clues to the existence of an ancient god of spiders deep in the forest, which might hold the knowledge of ancient secrets, new magic or items. However, the last 13 pages of the book held crazed writing, just scratchings and mad rantings written on each page under headings listing days: day 1, day 2, day 3. Some of the writing was in a crazed, aggressive, unruly hand, and some of it in the hand of the Astrologer himself. It appeared he had been captured and the redcap had poisoned him and drunk his blood, using some magic to force the Astrologer to write messages in the notebook.
The characters read the notebook, and were deeply disturbed. The redcap had slowly taken the mind of the Astrologer, drowned him in the drowning pool, and kept his body as a keepsake. This creature must be some kind of fey, which lived alongside the spiders. If there was a spider god deep in the forest, was there also a redcap king or elder, capable of enslaving armies to its whims?
They must destroy the god and its fey adviser. But not now. Now, standing in the ruins of the redcap's lair and surrounded by the horrific ending of the last mission against the spiders, they understood there more urgent task. They rushed outside and grabbed the redcap's body, dragging it to the pool and submerging it in the pool moments before the last rays of the setting sun faded from the sky. Just in time, they had finished it off. They scoured the nest, took what they could, gathered everything that had belonged to the redcap and dumped it in the webs, then set the whole thing ablaze and fled from the forest.
There were dark beasts in there that needed to be scoured from the earth, but not now. Now they needed to find fresh air under the open sky, bathe in the light of the sunshard and feel the wind on their faces, and retreat from the horrors of blood and poison. There would be a time for killing ancient gods, and they would return to end the blood-slaving beasts of the deep wood, but now they needed to gulp the air and feel the wind on their face, and rejoice in their freedom under the open sky.
Behind them, dark and ancient gods brooded.
fn1: This should be a permanent destruction of the arm but we're still learning the poison rules and a few confusions with orders of healing spells meant this might not have happened if Calim had known the risks of leaving Bao Tap unhealed, so we decided to make it a temporary problem – once the crit is healed Bao Tap gets his arm back. It's been deadened by poison.
Fantasy, game reports
Tags: Archipelago campaign, Genesys


in case you haven't heard by now, there is a Facebook group called kilimani mums which has been trending everywhere for all the bad reasons.
Most ladies who are members of the group are said to be desperate and looking for ways to get out of their marriages rather than fixing the situations.
There is an estranged woman who has decided to expose her cheating husband through the popular Kilimani Mums page.
The woman secretly went through her husband's Whatsapp messages and found that he was cheating on her with another woman.
He has been lying to his clandestine lover that he separated with his wife and she flew to Europe after they divorced. However, all these are lies since they are still living together but he can't zip up his trousers.
See the Whatsapp messages between her husband and his mpango wa kando that the woman leaked on Kilimani Mums group.
big lie who is sending messages i tought the husband should be the marked ones right???!


Vegetarian. Gluten Free. Makes 12.
Dice onion and place in a fry pan with a drizzle of coconut oil and coconut sugar. Saute the onion until it starts to soften and brown. Add in the grated zucchini, frozen peas and coriander and stir over heat until combined.
Place eggs, turmeric, ginger and goats cheese into a separate bowl and whisk with a folk until combined.
Place one heaped teaspoon of the vegetable mixture into each baking paper casing in the muffin tray and then top it up with the egg mixture. Give each one a little mix with your folk to ensure even distribution of contents and top with 1/2 a cherry tomato.
Pop in a moderately hot oven (180degrees) for 10mins or until the tops have started to brown and the egg is cooked.
Great for a quick lunch, snack or addition to your breakfast plate.


Shop and Save with Friends!
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Spread the love! Bring a friend in to sign up as a new customer and you BOTH will receive 30% OFF of one home decor or gift item to be used the same day! 30% OFF discount cannot be combined with any other sale or coupon. Registered friend must be 18 years of age or older.
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Here's a 25% OFF coupon! No need to print, just show this coupon toy our cashier at checkout!


text:
Paul Farwell Keene Jr. (24 August 1920 – 26 November 2009) was a Philadelphia-area artist and teacher whose work helped raise the visibility of Black American artists. As a self-described "abstract realist," his story reflects both the accomplishments and the difficulties of African American artists in the 20th century.

Personal life

Keene was born on August 24, 1920, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was the son of Paul F. Keene Sr and Josephine Bond Hebron, co-founder of the National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Incorporated. In 1944, he married Laura Mitchell, the great great granddaughter of abolitionist John Pierre Burr. They resided in Warrington, Pennsylvania with their son and daughter.

Keene earned three degrees (B.F.A., B.Sc.Ed., and M.F.A.), and was also a member of the Omega Psi Phi fraternity.

Biography
During World War II, Keene served with the Tuskegee Airmen in the 332nd Fighter Group and attained the rank of lieutenant. Keene attended the Philadelphia Museum School of Art, the Tyler School of Art and Architecture, and the Académie Julian. He studied at the Academie Julian in Paris under the G.I. Bill. While in Paris, Keene was a founding member of Galerie Huit, a collective gallery for American artists. Keene exhibited with Picasso and Leger at the Salon de Mai and through Whitney Fellowships directed courses at the Centre D'Art, Port-au-Prince, Haiti between 1952 and 1954.

In 1952 Keene located to Haiti where he studied and taught under a John Hay Whitney fellowship. In 1954 he returned to the United States. He taught at Temple University's Tyler School of Art, as well as the Philadelphia College of Art, where he taught until 1968. From 1968 through 1985 Keene taught at the Bucks County Community College, where he helped to establish a new art department.

In 1966 Keene painted a mural at the HBCU Johnson C. Smith University in Charlotte, North Carolina. In 1971 Keene created a relief installation for the Fifty Ninth Street Baptist Church in Philadelphia. He had a two-decade-long association with the Brandywine Workshop and was the recipient of their Van Der Zee Award in 1990.

Keene died on November 26, 2009, in Warrington, Pennsylvania.

His works are in collections at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, the African American Museum in Philadelphia, the Hampton University Museum in Virginia, the James A. Michener Art Museum., the British Museum in London, the James E. Lewis Museum of Art at Morgan State University in Baltimore, the Nigerian National Museum, the Pennsylvania State Museum in Harrisburg, the Dallas Museum of Art, and the Tucson Museum of Art, among others.

Keene's work was also included in the 2015 exhibition We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s at the Woodmere Art Museum.

References

External links
 images of Keene's work at Dolan Maxwell

1920 births
2009 deaths
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American people
African-American artists
Artists from Philadelphia
Temple University alumni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Mercedes Elias (1928-2021
ELIAS, BLISTAD, GREENLEE
Posted By: Ken Wright (email
Date: 7/27/2021 at 16:20:41
Mercedes "Anne" Elias
July 28, 1928-July 21, 2021
DAVENPORT-Mercedes "Anne" Elias, 92, of Davenport, IA, passed away Wednesday July 21, 2021, at the Davenport Lutheran Home. A Memorial Service will be 10:00 a.m., Monday, July 26, 2021, at Our Savior Lutheran Church in Bettendorf with an hour visitation prior to the service. Inurnment will be at a later date at Ferguson Cemetery in Lakeview, IA. Online condolences may be expressed at www.weertsfh.com
Anne was born July 28, 1928, to Guy and Mercedes G. (Bilstad) Greenlee in Ft. Dodge, IA. There, she attended High School and graduated from Sac City High School after the family relocated. Anne went on to graduate from Iowa Teacher's College (Now UNI) in Cedar Falls, IA. She started her career teaching in Lakeview, IA, where she met Harold "Pal" Elias. On June 25, 1950, Anne was united in marriage to Harold "Pal" in Sac City. The couple owned and operated Elias Meat Locker in Ida Grove, IA, together. She was an active member of St. Paul Lutheran Church in Ida Grove where she taught Sunday school, directed choir, and attended church circles. Most recently, Anne was a member of Our Savior Lutheran Church in Bettendorf. Her hobbies included playing Bridge with Bridge Club, singing, playing piano, and being involved in family's school activities.
Anne will be missed by her children: Dave (Rebecca) Elias of the Phillippines, Janet (Larry) Gillhouse of Davenport, Paul (Becky) Elias of Davenport, and Jim (Shelly) Elias of Muscatine, IA; grandchildren: Rosanne (Colin) O'Guinn, Jacob (Laura) Elias, Taylor Gillhouse, Hannah (Curtis) Elias Coss, Isaac (Taylor) Elias, Naomi Elias, Zach (Hailey) Elias, and Tommy Elias; four great-grandchildren: Rowan, Lila, Adler, and Bentley; and three sisters-in-law, Donna Greenlee, Viola Smith, and Sharon Greenlee. She was preceded in death by her husband "Pal"; parents; brothers Buzz, Dick, and Bruce; and several nieces and nephews.
To plant trees in memory, please visit our Sympathy Store.
Published by Quad-City Times on Jul. 24, 2021.
Webster Obituaries maintained by Jena Edgerton


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text:
Jerusalem Post WORLD NEWS
South Ossetian president dismisses gov't, declares state of emergency
President of Georgia's pro-Russian separatist republic of South Ossetia, Eduard Kokoity, dismissed his government and proclaimed a state of emergency in the rebel region, Russian news agencies reported Monday. Reportedly, the president harshly criticized the government's behavior during the humanitarian crisis that transpired following the Georgian attack. The state of emergency is expected to continue for a month. Russian troops were expected to begin pulling out of Georgia later Monday.


text:
Q: Problema para juntar dois SELECTs em uma instrução só Preciso de ajuda em uma instrução SQL referente ao banco de dados MySQL.
O select abaixo me retorna dados vindo de duas tabelas. Uso para um sistema de buscas que estou desenvolvendo.
SELECT perfil_usuario_unificado.nome_fantasia
      ,perfil_usuario_unificado.descricao_emp
      ,perfil_usuario_unificado.cnpj
      ,identificacao_acesso.id
  FROM perfil_usuario_unificado
 INNER JOIN identificacao_acesso
    ON perfil_usuario_unificado.id_ia = identificacao_acesso.id
 INNER JOIN b_tag_pesquisa
    ON perfil_usuario_unificado.id_ia = b_tag_pesquisa.id_ia
 WHERE b_tag_pesquisa.tag_pesquisa LIKE ('%WEB%')
 ORDER BY perfil_usuario_unificado.nome_fantasia ASC;

Já o select abaixo faz uma contagem em um determinado campo da tabela. Uso para contar quantos "curtir" tem um determinado registro.
SELECT COUNT(gostei_nao_gostei) AS quantidade
  FROM interacao_social
 WHERE para_id_ia = '2'
   AND gostei_nao_gostei = '0';

Problema:
  Preciso juntar os dois select em uma mesma instrução, mas não sei como fazer.

Seguem os esquemas das tabelas:
CREATE TABLE `identificacao_acesso` (
    `id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `niv` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `usuario` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `senha` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='latin1_swedish_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB
AUTO_INCREMENT=5
;

CREATE TABLE `interacao_social` (
    `id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `de_id_ia` INT(10) NULL DEFAULT '0',
    `para_id_ia` INT(10) NULL DEFAULT '0',
    `gostei_nao_gostei` INT(1) NULL DEFAULT '0',
    `check_in` INT(1) NULL DEFAULT '0',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB
AUTO_INCREMENT=10
;

CREATE TABLE `b_tag_pesquisa` (
    `id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `id_ia` INT(10) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `tag_pesquisa` VARCHAR(500) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COMMENT='tabela de tag de pesquisa'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB
AUTO_INCREMENT=5
;

CREATE TABLE `perfil_usuario_unificado` (
    `id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `id_ia` INT(10) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `cnpj` VARCHAR(14) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `razao_social` VARCHAR(80) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `nome_fantasia` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `descricao_emp` VARCHAR(200) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `cpf` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `nome_pf` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `cep` INT(8) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `endereco` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `complemento_end` VARCHAR(25) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `numero_end` VARCHAR(10) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `bairro` VARCHAR(25) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `cidade` VARCHAR(25) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    `estado` CHAR(2) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='latin1_swedish_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB
AUTO_INCREMENT=5
;

A: Você tem duas formas para fazer isso. uma é usando o JOIN e outra seria um select com SubQuery.
Respostas:

SubQuery

    SELECT perfil_usuario_unificado.nome_fantasia, perfil_usuario_unificado.descricao_emp,
        perfil_usuario_unificado.cnpj, identificacao_acesso.id,
(select
COUNT(gostei_nao_gostei) FROM interacao_social
WHERE para_id_ia = '2' AND gostei_nao_gostei = '0'
and  --- aqui tem que haver uma ligação entre as tabelas) AS quantidade

     FROM perfil_usuario_unificado
     INNER JOIN identificacao_acesso
        ON perfil_usuario_unificado.id_ia = identificacao_acesso.id
     INNER JOIN b_tag_pesquisa ON perfil_usuario_unificado.id_ia = b_tag_pesquisa.id_ia
     WHERE b_tag_pesquisa.tag_pesquisa LIKE ('%WEB%')
     ORDER BY perfil_usuario_unificado.nome_fantasia ASC;

O JOIN nesse caso seria um pouco mais complicado porque você teria que agrupa seus dados.
Passa mais detalhes dos campos chaves das suas tabelas caso precise de uma reposta melhor.

A: SELECT perfil_usuario_unificado.nome_fantasia, perfil_usuario_unificado.descricao_emp,
    perfil_usuario_unificado.cnpj, identificacao_acesso.id,
    COUNT(gostei_nao_gostei) AS quantidade -- segundo select
  FROM perfil_usuario_unificado,
     interacao_social -- segundo select
  INNER JOIN identificacao_acesso
    ON perfil_usuario_unificado.id_ia = identificacao_acesso.id
  INNER JOIN b_tag_pesquisa ON perfil_usuario_unificado.id_ia = b_tag_pesquisa.id_ia
  WHERE b_tag_pesquisa.tag_pesquisa LIKE ('%WEB%')
    AND para_id_ia = '2' AND gostei_nao_gostei = '0'; -- segundo select
 ORDER BY perfil_usuario_unificado.nome_fantasia ASC;


text:
/**
 * \file
 * \brief
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010, ETH Zurich.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This file is distributed under the terms in the attached LICENSE file.
 * If you do not find this file, copies can be found by writing to:
 * ETH Zurich D-INFK, Haldeneggsteig 4, CH-8092 Zurich. Attn: Systems Group.
 */

#include <kernel.h>
#include <dispatch.h>
#include <target/x86_64/paging_kernel_target.h>
#include <target/x86_64/offsets_target.h>
#include <paging_kernel_arch.h>
#include <mdb/mdb_tree.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <barrelfish_kpi/init.h>
#include <cap_predicates.h>

#ifdef __k1om__
#include <target/k1om/offsets_target.h>
#define MEMORY_OFFSET K1OM_MEMORY_OFFSET
#else
#include <target/x86_64/offsets_target.h>
#define MEMORY_OFFSET X86_64_MEMORY_OFFSET
#endif

static inline struct cte *cte_for_cap(struct capability *cap)
{
    return (struct cte *) (cap - offsetof(struct cte, cap));
}

/// Map within a x86_64 non leaf ptable
static errval_t x86_64_non_ptable(struct capability *dest, cslot_t slot,
                                  struct capability *src, uintptr_t flags,
                                  uintptr_t offset, size_t pte_count)
{
    if (slot >= X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE) { // Within pagetable
        return SYS_ERR_VNODE_SLOT_INVALID;
    }

    if (type_is_vnode(src->type) && pte_count != 1) { // only allow single ptable mappings
        printf("src type and count mismatch\n");
        return SYS_ERR_VM_MAP_SIZE;
    }

    if (slot + pte_count > X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE) { // mapping size ok
        printf("mapping size invalid (%zd)\n", pte_count);
        return SYS_ERR_VM_MAP_SIZE;
    }

    size_t page_size = 0;
    switch (dest->type) {
        case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pml4:
            if (src->type != ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdpt) { // Right mapping
                printf("src type invalid\n");
                return SYS_ERR_WRONG_MAPPING;
            }
            if(slot >= X86_64_PML4_BASE(MEMORY_OFFSET)) { // Kernel mapped here
                return SYS_ERR_VNODE_SLOT_RESERVED;
            }
            break;
        case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdpt:
            // TODO: huge page support, set page_size to HUGE_PAGE_SIZE
            if (src->type != ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdir) { // Right mapping
                printf("src type invalid\n");
                return SYS_ERR_WRONG_MAPPING;
            }
            break;
        case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdir:
            // TODO: superpage support, set page_size to SUPER_PAGE_SIZE
            if (src->type != ObjType_VNode_x86_64_ptable) { // Right mapping
                printf("src type invalid\n");
                return SYS_ERR_WRONG_MAPPING;
            }
            break;
        default:
            printf("dest type invalid\n");
            return SYS_ERR_DEST_TYPE_INVALID;
    }

    // Convert destination base address
    genpaddr_t dest_gp   = get_address(dest);
    lpaddr_t dest_lp     = gen_phys_to_local_phys(dest_gp);
    lvaddr_t dest_lv     = local_phys_to_mem(dest_lp);
    // Convert source base address
    genpaddr_t src_gp   = get_address(src);
    lpaddr_t src_lp     = gen_phys_to_local_phys(src_gp);

    // set metadata
    struct cte *src_cte = cte_for_cap(src);
    src_cte->mapping_info.pte = dest_lp + slot * sizeof(union x86_64_ptable_entry);
    src_cte->mapping_info.pte_count = pte_count;
    src_cte->mapping_info.offset = offset;

    cslot_t last_slot = slot + pte_count;
    for (; slot < last_slot; slot++, offset += page_size) {
        // Destination
        union x86_64_pdir_entry *entry = (union x86_64_pdir_entry *)dest_lv + slot;

        if (X86_64_IS_PRESENT(entry)) {
            // cleanup mapping info
            // TODO: cleanup already mapped pages
            memset(&src_cte->mapping_info, 0, sizeof(struct mapping_info));
            return SYS_ERR_VNODE_SLOT_INUSE;
        }

        paging_x86_64_map_table(entry, src_lp + offset);
    }

    return SYS_ERR_OK;
}

/// Map within a x86_64 ptable
static errval_t x86_64_ptable(struct capability *dest, cslot_t slot,
                              struct capability *src, uintptr_t mflags,
                              uintptr_t offset, size_t pte_count)
{
    if (slot >= X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE) { // Within pagetable
        return SYS_ERR_VNODE_SLOT_INVALID;
    }

    if (slot + pte_count > X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE) { // mapping size ok
        printf("mapping size invalid (%zd)\n", pte_count);
        return SYS_ERR_VM_MAP_SIZE;
    }

    if (src->type != ObjType_Frame &&
        src->type != ObjType_DevFrame) { // Right mapping
        printf("src type invalid\n");
        return SYS_ERR_WRONG_MAPPING;
    }

    // check offset within frame
    genpaddr_t off = offset;
    if (off + pte_count * X86_64_BASE_PAGE_SIZE > get_size(src)) {
        printf("frame offset invalid\n");
        return SYS_ERR_FRAME_OFFSET_INVALID;
    }

    /* Calculate page access protection flags */
    // Get frame cap rights
    paging_x86_64_flags_t flags =
        paging_x86_64_cap_to_page_flags(src->rights);
    // Mask with provided access rights mask
    flags = paging_x86_64_mask_attrs(flags, X86_64_PTABLE_ACCESS(mflags));
    // Add additional arch-specific flags
    flags |= X86_64_PTABLE_FLAGS(mflags);
    // Unconditionally mark the page present
    flags |= X86_64_PTABLE_PRESENT;

    // Convert destination base address
    genpaddr_t dest_gp   = get_address(dest);
    lpaddr_t dest_lp     = gen_phys_to_local_phys(dest_gp);
    lvaddr_t dest_lv     = local_phys_to_mem(dest_lp);
    // Convert source base address
    genpaddr_t src_gp   = get_address(src);
    lpaddr_t src_lp     = gen_phys_to_local_phys(src_gp);
    // Set metadata
    struct cte *src_cte = cte_for_cap(src);
    src_cte->mapping_info.pte = dest_lp + slot * sizeof(union x86_64_ptable_entry);
    src_cte->mapping_info.pte_count = pte_count;
    src_cte->mapping_info.offset = offset;

    cslot_t last_slot = slot + pte_count;
    for (; slot < last_slot; slot++, offset += X86_64_BASE_PAGE_SIZE) {
        union x86_64_ptable_entry *entry =
            (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)dest_lv + slot;

        /* FIXME: Flush TLB if the page is already present
         * in the meantime, since we don't do this, we just fail to avoid
         * ever reusing a VA mapping */
        if (X86_64_IS_PRESENT(entry)) {
            // TODO: cleanup already mapped pages
            memset(&src_cte->mapping_info, 0, sizeof(struct mapping_info));
            debug(LOG_WARN, "Trying to remap an already-present page is NYI, but "
                  "this is most likely a user-space bug!\n");
            return SYS_ERR_VNODE_SLOT_INUSE;
        }

        // Carry out the page mapping
        paging_x86_64_map(entry, src_lp + offset, flags);
    }

    return SYS_ERR_OK;
}

typedef errval_t (*mapping_handler_t)(struct capability *dest_cap,
                                      cslot_t dest_slot,
                                      struct capability *src_cap,
                                      uintptr_t flags, uintptr_t offset,
                                      size_t pte_count);

/// Dispatcher table for the type of mapping to create
static mapping_handler_t handler[ObjType_Num] = {
    [ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pml4]   = x86_64_non_ptable,
    [ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdpt]   = x86_64_non_ptable,
    [ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdir]   = x86_64_non_ptable,
    [ObjType_VNode_x86_64_ptable] = x86_64_ptable,
};

#define DIAGNOSTIC_ON_ERROR 1
#define RETURN_ON_ERROR 1

/// Create page mappings
errval_t caps_copy_to_vnode(struct cte *dest_vnode_cte, cslot_t dest_slot,
                            struct cte *src_cte, uintptr_t flags,
                            uintptr_t offset, uintptr_t pte_count)
{
    assert(type_is_vnode(dest_vnode_cte->cap.type));

    struct capability *src_cap  = &src_cte->cap;
    struct capability *dest_cap = &dest_vnode_cte->cap;
    mapping_handler_t handler_func = handler[dest_cap->type];

    assert(handler_func != NULL);

#if 0
    genpaddr_t paddr = get_address(&src_cte->cap) + offset;
    genvaddr_t vaddr;
    compile_vaddr(dest_vnode_cte, dest_slot, &vaddr);
    printf("mapping 0x%"PRIxGENPADDR" to 0x%"PRIxGENVADDR"\n", paddr, vaddr);
#endif

    if (src_cte->mapping_info.pte) {
        // this cap is already mapped
#if DIAGNOSTIC_ON_ERROR
        printf("caps_copy_to_vnode: this copy is already mapped @pte 0x%lx (paddr = 0x%"PRIxGENPADDR")\n", src_cte->mapping_info.pte, get_address(src_cap));
#endif
#if RETURN_ON_ERROR
        return SYS_ERR_VM_ALREADY_MAPPED;
#endif
    }

    cslot_t last_slot = dest_slot + pte_count;

    if (last_slot > X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE) {
        // requested map overlaps leaf page table
#if DIAGNOSTIC_ON_ERROR
        printf("caps_copy_to_vnode: requested mapping spans multiple leaf page tables\n");
#endif
#if RETURN_ON_ERROR
        return SYS_ERR_VM_RETRY_SINGLE;
#endif
    }

    errval_t r = handler_func(dest_cap, dest_slot, src_cap, flags, offset, pte_count);
    if (err_is_fail(r)) {
        printf("caps_copy_to_vnode: handler func returned %ld\n", r);
    }
#if 0
    else {
        printf("mapping_info.pte       = 0x%lx\n", src_cte->mapping_info.pte);
        printf("mapping_info.offset    = 0x%lx\n", src_cte->mapping_info.offset);
        printf("mapping_info.pte_count = %zu\n", src_cte->mapping_info.pte_count);
    }
#endif
    return r;
}

static inline void read_pt_entry(struct capability *pgtable, size_t slot,
                                 genpaddr_t *mapped_addr, lpaddr_t *pte,
                                 void **entry)
{
    assert(type_is_vnode(pgtable->type));

    genpaddr_t paddr;
    lpaddr_t pte_;
    void *entry_;

    genpaddr_t gp = get_address(pgtable);
    lpaddr_t lp = gen_phys_to_local_phys(gp);
    lvaddr_t lv = local_phys_to_mem(lp);

    // get paddr
    switch (pgtable->type) {
    case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pml4:
    case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdpt:
    case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_pdir: {
        union x86_64_pdir_entry *e =
            (union x86_64_pdir_entry *)lv + slot;
        paddr = (lpaddr_t)e->d.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
        entry_ = e;
        pte_ = lp + slot * sizeof(union x86_64_pdir_entry);
        break;
    }
    case ObjType_VNode_x86_64_ptable: {
        union x86_64_ptable_entry *e =
            (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)lv + slot;
        paddr = (lpaddr_t)e->base.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
        entry_ = e;
        pte_ = lp + slot * sizeof(union x86_64_ptable_entry);
        break;
    }
    default:
        assert(!"Should not get here");
    }

    if (mapped_addr) {
        *mapped_addr = paddr;
    }
    if (pte) {
        *pte = pte_;
    }
    if (entry) {
        *entry = entry_;
    }
}

__attribute__((unused))
static inline lvaddr_t get_leaf_ptable_for_vaddr(genvaddr_t vaddr)
{
    lvaddr_t root_pt = local_phys_to_mem(dcb_current->vspace);

    // get pdpt
    union x86_64_pdir_entry *pdpt = (union x86_64_pdir_entry *)root_pt + X86_64_PML4_BASE(vaddr);
    if (!pdpt->raw) { return 0; }
    genpaddr_t pdpt_gp = pdpt->d.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
    lvaddr_t pdpt_lv = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(pdpt_gp));
    // get pdir
    union x86_64_pdir_entry *pdir = (union x86_64_pdir_entry *)pdpt_lv + X86_64_PDPT_BASE(vaddr);
    if (!pdir->raw) { return 0; }
    genpaddr_t pdir_gp = pdir->d.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
    lvaddr_t pdir_lv = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(pdir_gp));
    // get ptable
    union x86_64_ptable_entry *ptable = (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)pdir_lv + X86_64_PDIR_BASE(vaddr);
    if (!ptable->raw) { return 0; }
    genpaddr_t ptable_gp = ptable->base.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
    lvaddr_t ptable_lv = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(ptable_gp));

    return ptable_lv;
}

size_t do_unmap(lvaddr_t pt, cslot_t slot, size_t num_pages)
{
    // iterate over affected leaf ptables
    size_t unmapped_pages = 0;
    union x86_64_ptable_entry *ptentry = (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)pt + slot;
    for (int i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
        ptentry++->raw = 0;
        unmapped_pages++;
    }
    return unmapped_pages;
}

errval_t page_mappings_unmap(struct capability *pgtable, struct cte *mapping,
                             size_t slot, size_t num_pages)
{
    assert(type_is_vnode(pgtable->type));
    errval_t err;
    debug(SUBSYS_PAGING, "page_mappings_unmap(%zd pages)\n", num_pages);

    // get page table entry data
    genpaddr_t paddr;

    read_pt_entry(pgtable, slot, &paddr, NULL, NULL);
    lvaddr_t pt = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(get_address(pgtable)));

    // get virtual address of first page
    // TODO: error checking
    genvaddr_t vaddr;
    bool tlb_flush_necessary = true;
    struct cte *leaf_pt = cte_for_cap(pgtable);
    err = compile_vaddr(leaf_pt, slot, &vaddr);
    if (err_is_fail(err)) {
        if (err_no(err) == SYS_ERR_VNODE_NOT_INSTALLED) {
            debug(SUBSYS_PAGING, "couldn't reconstruct virtual address\n");
        } else if (err_no(err) == SYS_ERR_VNODE_SLOT_INVALID
                   && leaf_pt->mapping_info.pte == 0) {
            debug(SUBSYS_PAGING, "unmapping in floating page table; not flushing TLB\n");
            tlb_flush_necessary = false;
        } else {
            return err;
        }
    }

    if (num_pages != mapping->mapping_info.pte_count) {
        // want to unmap a different amount of pages than was mapped
        return SYS_ERR_VM_MAP_SIZE;
    }

    do_unmap(pt, slot, num_pages);

    // flush TLB for unmapped pages if we got a valid virtual address
    // TODO: heuristic that decides if selective or full flush is more
    //       efficient?
    if (tlb_flush_necessary) {
        if (num_pages > 1 || err_is_fail(err)) {
            do_full_tlb_flush();
        } else {
            do_one_tlb_flush(vaddr);
        }
    }

    // update mapping info
    memset(&mapping->mapping_info, 0, sizeof(struct mapping_info));

    return SYS_ERR_OK;
}

errval_t page_mappings_modify_flags(struct capability *frame, size_t offset,
                                    size_t pages, size_t mflags)
{
    struct cte *mapping = cte_for_cap(frame);
    struct mapping_info *info = &mapping->mapping_info;

    /* Calculate page access protection flags */
    // Get frame cap rights
    paging_x86_64_flags_t flags =
        paging_x86_64_cap_to_page_flags(frame->rights);
    // Mask with provided access rights mask
    flags = paging_x86_64_mask_attrs(flags, X86_64_PTABLE_ACCESS(mflags));
    // Add additional arch-specific flags
    flags |= X86_64_PTABLE_FLAGS(mflags);
    // Unconditionally mark the page present
    flags |= X86_64_PTABLE_PRESENT;

    /* Calculate location of page table entries we need to modify */
    lvaddr_t base = local_phys_to_mem(info->pte) + offset;

    for (int i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
        union x86_64_ptable_entry *entry =
            (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)base + i;
        paging_x86_64_modify_flags(entry, flags);
    }

    /* flush affected TLB entries and return */
    return paging_tlb_flush_range(mapping, pages);
}

void paging_dump_tables(struct dcb *dispatcher)
{
    lvaddr_t root_pt = local_phys_to_mem(dispatcher->vspace);

    // loop over pdpts
    size_t kernel_pml4e = X86_64_PML4_BASE(X86_64_MEMORY_OFFSET);
    printk(LOG_NOTE, "1st kernel pml4e: %zu\n", kernel_pml4e);
    for (int pdpt_index = 0; pdpt_index < kernel_pml4e; pdpt_index++) {

        union x86_64_pdir_entry *pdpt = (union x86_64_pdir_entry *)root_pt + pdpt_index;
        if (!pdpt->raw) { continue; }
        genpaddr_t pdpt_gp = pdpt->d.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
        lvaddr_t pdpt_lv = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(pdpt_gp));

        for (int pdir_index = 0; pdir_index < X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE; pdir_index++) {
            // get pdir
            union x86_64_pdir_entry *pdir = (union x86_64_pdir_entry *)pdpt_lv + pdir_index;
            if (!pdir->raw) { continue; }
            genpaddr_t pdir_gp = pdir->d.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
            lvaddr_t pdir_lv = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(pdir_gp));

            for (int ptable_index = 0; ptable_index < X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE; ptable_index++) {
                // get ptable
                union x86_64_ptable_entry *ptable = (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)pdir_lv + ptable_index;
                if (!ptable->raw) { continue; }
                genpaddr_t ptable_gp = ptable->base.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
                lvaddr_t ptable_lv = local_phys_to_mem(gen_phys_to_local_phys(ptable_gp));

                for (int entry = 0; entry < X86_64_PTABLE_SIZE; entry++) {
                    union x86_64_ptable_entry *e =
                        (union x86_64_ptable_entry *)ptable_lv + entry;
                    genpaddr_t paddr = (genpaddr_t)e->base.base_addr << BASE_PAGE_BITS;
                    if (!paddr) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    printf("%d.%d.%d.%d: 0x%"PRIxGENPADDR"\n", pdpt_index, pdir_index, ptable_index, entry, paddr);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
namespace cc {
class Layer;
}

namespace blink {

class GraphicsContext;
class WebLayer;

// Represents foreign content (produced outside Blink) which draws to a layer.
// A client supplies a layer which can be unwrapped and inserted into the full
// layer tree.
//
// Before SPv2, this content is not painted, but is instead inserted into the
// GraphicsLayer tree.
class PLATFORM_EXPORT ForeignLayerDisplayItem final : public DisplayItem {
public:
    ForeignLayerDisplayItem(
        const DisplayItemClient&, Type,
        scoped_refptr<cc::Layer>,
        const FloatPoint& location,
        const IntSize& bounds);
    ~ForeignLayerDisplayItem();

    cc::Layer* layer() const { return m_layer.get(); }
    const FloatPoint& location() const { return m_location; }
    const IntSize& bounds() const { return m_bounds; }

    // DisplayItem
    void replay(GraphicsContext&) const override;
    void appendToWebDisplayItemList(const IntRect&, WebDisplayItemList*) const override;
    bool drawsContent() const override;
#if ENABLE(ASSERT)
    bool equals(const DisplayItem&) const override;
#endif
#ifndef NDEBUG
    void dumpPropertiesAsDebugString(StringBuilder&) const override;
#endif

private:
    scoped_refptr<cc::Layer> m_layer;
    FloatPoint m_location;
    IntSize m_bounds;
};

// Records a foreign layer into a GraphicsContext.
// Use this where you would use a recorder class.
PLATFORM_EXPORT void recordForeignLayer(
    GraphicsContext&, const DisplayItemClient&, DisplayItem::Type,
    WebLayer*, const FloatPoint& location, const IntSize& bounds);

} // namespace blink

#endif // ForeignLayerDisplayItem_h


Travel with your girlfriends, boyfriends, dates and friends to your special day with the unique class and style only available with Edmonton's Prestige Limousine. Prestige Limo drivers know Graduation is thegrand finale of your entire school experience and can help you celebrate this special day with absolute confidence in the dependability and safety of your transportation.
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Recent allegations in the British Medical Journal claim that a 1998 research paper, which led to widespread public concern about a potential link between the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination and autism, was an "elaborate fraud". In 1998, The Lancet, a British medical journal, published a scientific research paper led by Dr. Andrew Wakefield that raised questions as to whether the MMR vaccine played a role in the symptoms of 12 children who appeared to exhibit signs of autism, a developmental disorder that can affect communication and social interactions.
It is estimated that approximately three to six out of every 1,000 children have autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
While Dr. Wakefield admitted at the time that his research couldn't even prove a "casual association" between MMR and autism, he openly questioned the safety of the childhood vaccine, planting doubt in the minds of the public. In an effort to reproduce Dr. Wakefield's research and to find out whether his claims had merit, more than 20 scientific studies took place worldwide, testing the proposed link between vaccines and autism. None of these studies could support the findings published in The Lancet.
While the merit of this research was being tested and eventually called into question, theories arose about why a link could exist. One hypothesis was that the preservative thermisol used in some vaccines could be potentially poisonous to the nervous system, or that the MMR vaccine could possibly damage the intestinal lining and release toxins, or perhaps that giving multiple doses of a vaccine could weaken the immune system of a young child.
In British Columbia, children typically receive their first MMR vaccine when they're one year old, and the second dose at one and a half.
Thanks to an ongoing investigation by journalist Brian Deer from 2004 until 2011, it was slowly revealed that Dr. Wakefield and his research team used the paper for personal gain and were ultimately unethical and irresponsible in their practices.
Based on Deer's allegations, the General Medical Council in Britain investigated Dr. Wakefield and his research team. They learned that Dr. Wakefield did not disclose the recruitment process for children in the study, that tests were performed that were not in the "clinical interest of the children", and that anti-vaccination groups paid Dr. Wakefield more than $400,000 during his "research". Dr. Wakefield and another lead author on the study were stripped of their medical licenses. The Lancet also retracted the controversial paper.
Thermisol is made from a non-toxic form of mercury. It is added to some vaccines to prevent contamination and infection after injection. While there is no scientific link between thermisol and childhood illness, the preservative has been removed from childhood vaccines in Canada as a precaution.
The most recent claims by Deer in the British Medical Journal indicate that data may have been manipulated by Wakefield to show that 8 kids developed their behavioural problems within days of receiving the vaccine. The kids' official medical records show otherwise. While the science in the study wasn't necessarily "bad science", the unethical way in which it was conducted is unacceptable in the scientific community, which relies on trust and transparency.
This story proves how important objectivity is in researchers and how necessary the peer review process is for publishing research.
Article first published March 15, 2011.
My interest in science and learning dates back probably to the first time I saw a baking soda volcano, but ever since then its been the ooey gooey inner workings of the human body that excite me. The natural progression for me after asking more questions than the teacher could answer in grade school biology was to get my Bachelor of Science Degree in Kinesiology; studying the movement and physiology of the human body. And it didn't end after that either! I undertook a two year research endeavour to obtain a Master's Degree in the same field. I explored the world under the microscope, investigating how tiny proteins invisible to the naked eye are crucial and maintaining human health and function. Ta da! There you have it, my educational timeline in about 100 words. And now here I am, continuing my love of the sciences and of the miraculous human body by answering your curious questions!


text:
Thanks in part to wind, global carbon emissions stall in 2014
Photo via Flickr user Jes using a Creative Commons license
Carl Levesque
The International Energy Agency recently announced that global emissions of carbon dioxide from the energy sector stalled in 2014—an historic accomplishment, given that it marked the first such emissions halt during a period of economic expansion. Wind energy and other renewable electric sources have been a significant contributor to the encouraging trend, according to IEA.
Previously, in 40 years of carbon-emissions data collection, any other halt or reduction has come during economic downturns. The global economy grew by 3 percent in 2014, while global emissions of carbon dioxide stood at 32.3 billion metric tons in 2014, unchanged from the preceding year.
IEA attributed the carbon emissions halt to changing patterns of energy consumption in numerous developed countries. Trends include greater generation from renewable resources, "such as hydropower, solar and wind," as well as energy efficiency measures, IEA said.
IEA said it will include more details on the data and analysis in its special report on energy and climate to be released in mid-June, but from a U.S. perspective, one thing is clear: Wind energy is making a difference.
Wind energy has been the largest new zero-emission energy source for the past three decades.The American Wind Energy Association calculates that wind has accounted for 28 percent of U.S. electric sector carbon emissions reductions since 2005. In 2014 alone, the U.S. wind fleet reduced carbon dioxide pollution by around 125 million metric tons, equivalent to 26 million cars worth of carbon emissions, and that figure will keep increasing with each megawatt of wind energy added.
According to the Department of Energy's recently released "Wind Vision" report, wind could provide 35 percent of U.S. electricity by 2050, which would avoid $400 billion in climate change damages.
Many climate experts viewed the IEA news as being both encouraging and timely, as it could provide momentum for negotiations, slated for November in Paris, to reach a global climate deal.
China was one country IEA highlighted as deploying more renewable energy. Late last year, China and the U.S., which lead the rest of the world in carbon emissions, reached a historic agreement to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions driving climate change. The bilateral agreement states that the U.S. will reduce carbon emissions between 26 and 28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025.
The news also comes as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and stakeholders continue with work on the agency's Clean Power Plan proposed rule limiting carbon dioxide pollution from existing power plants. As AWEA CEO Tom Kiernan has said, wind is "one of the biggest, fastest, cheapest ways states can comply with the forthcoming EPA rule limiting carbon pollution from existing power plants."
Carl has been a part of the AWEA team since 2006. He brings both his expertise in communications as well as experience with the evolving wind energy industry to the job of overseeing AWEA's online and written publications including the Wind Energy Weekly, WINDPOWER Update, WINDPOWER Today, and various print materials. He has worked as a journalist in the energy industry as a staff writer for Public Utilities Fortnightly magazine and in the association sector as senior editor at Association Management magazine. He also has covered the home-building industry, where his areas of greatest interest were sustainable development and "smart growth," and has written articles for numerous other publications as a freelance writer. Carl received his B.A. from James Madison University and spent some time in New Orleans employed as a teacher as well as working with homeless youth.
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It's not too early to start planning your Halloween parties! There are so many fabulous and frightful handmade party supplies on Etsy! You can order everything you need while your sitting with your laptop at a sidewalk cafe sipping a latte…my kind of shopping!
Not the ordinary kind of supplies from the local store, right!? Start planning for Halloween and discover all the fabulous handmade creations on Etsy!
Are you looking for handmade Halloween ideas to make yourself?? Check back tomorrow for our list of 101 DIY Halloween Ideas!
Handmade party supplies are the best!
So many great items! Would be fun to host a Halloween party just to have a reason to buy some of these!


text:
Nikolay Sergeevich Dikansky (; born 30 July 1941, Dymytrov, Ukraine) — is a Russian/Soviet physicist, a scientist in the fields of accelerator physics and particle accelerators, the head of the laboratory in Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, since 2011 academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, the chancellor of Novosibirsk State University (20 November 1997 – 30 July 2007).

Nikolay Dikansky was born in 1941 in Dymytrov city (nowadays Myrnohrad) of Donetsk Oblast. In 1964 he graduated from Physical Department of Novosibirsk State University and continued his postgraduate studies in Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. Since 1962 he has been a laboratory assistant in the same institute.

In 1976 Nikolay Dikansky defended his Ph.D. thesis and created the laboratory which he still in the charge of. Nowadays he is the senior staff scientist of Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. His main achievements are connected with the first in the world experiments of proton beams` electronic cooling in storage rings.

He is the professor of Novosibirsk State University since 1981, dean of the Physical Department (1982-1990).
Nikolay Dikansky is married and has two children.

References

1941 births
Living people
Recipients of the Order of Honour (Russia)
State Prize of the Russian Federation laureates
Soviet physicists
20th-century Russian physicists
Novosibirsk State University alumni
Academic staff of Novosibirsk State University
People from Myrnohrad
Scientists from Novosibirsk


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Q: XPath : Bind to last item of collection Can I Bind TextBox.Text to last item of an ObservableCollection<string> ?
I tried this:
<TextBox Text={Binding XPath="Model/CollectionOfString[last()]"/>

But it doesn't bind.
Thank you.

A: Please try the method following,
1, use IValueConverter.
class DataSourceToLastItemConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, System.Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
    {
        IEnumerable<object> items = value as IEnumerable<object>;
        if (items != null)
        {
            return items.LastOrDefault();
        }
        else return Binding.DoNothing;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, System.Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new System.NotImplementedException();
    }
}

Then binding like this:
<Grid>
    <Grid.Resources>
        <local:DataSourceToLastItemConverter x:Key="DataSourceToLastItemConverter" />
    </Grid.Resources>
    <TextBox Text="{Binding Path=Model.CollectionOfString,Converter={StaticResource DataSourceToLastItemConverter}}"/>
</Grid>

A: It doesn't bind because you cannot use the XPath property on a-non XML data source; you have to use Path instead, and that property doesn't offer similar syntax. So you cannot directly bind to the last element of the collection unless you know the index of the last value. However there are a couple workarounds available:
Bind using a value converter
It's not difficult to write custom value converter that takes the collection and "converts" it to its last element. Howard's answer gives a barebones converter that does this.
Bind to the current item in the collection view
This is even easier to do, but it involves code-behind.
You can bind using Path=Model.CollectionOfString/ (note the slash at the end) if you have set the "current" item in the default collection view to be the last item in the collection. Do this inside your model:
// get a reference to the default collection view for this.CollectionOfString
var collectionView = CollectionViewSource.GetDefault(this.CollectionOfString);

// set the "current" item to the last, enabling direct binding to it with a /
collectionView.MoveCurrentToLast();

Be aware that if items are added to or removed from the collection, the current item pointer will not necessarily be adjusted automatically.