text:
Constituția din 1965 a fost una dintre constituțiile României, fiind adoptată la 21 august 1965. În cadrul acesteia, organul suprem al puterii de stat a Republicii Socialiste România este, în continuare, Marea Adunare Națională, unicul organ legiuitor. Prin legea nr.1 din 1974, care modifica constituția, a fost instituită funcția de președinte al R.S.R. Atribuțiile exercitate până atunci de Consiliul de Stat al României au revenit șefului statului. Constituția a fost modificată masiv în urma Revoluției din 1989 și a ieșit din vigoare în mod complet în anul 1991.

Premisele adoptării Constituției din 1965
 Procesul de destalinizare
 Venirea la conducerea partidului unic a lui Nicolae Ceaușescu
 Schimbarea denumirii titulaturii țării în Republica Socialistă România.

Caracteristicile Constituției din 1965
 Prevede că forța conducătoare politica a întregii societăți este Partidul Comunist Român și că scopul tuturor oamenilor muncii este construirea societății socialiste.
 Guvernul își păstra numele de Consiliu de miniștri - organ suprem al administrației statului
 Tribunalele și procuratura rămâneau subordonate Partidului Comunist
 consfințea caracterul socialist și cooperatist al proprietății și al economiei
 Poporul roman, prin intermediul Statului, era proprietarul bogățiilor de orice natură ale subsolului, minelor, terenurilor, apelor, pădurilor, izvoarelor, fabricilor și uzinelor, intreprinderilor agricole și stațiunilor pentru mecanizare agricolă, a căilor de comunicație și mijloacelor de transport, al telecomunicațiilor și al fondului de clădiri și locuințe, al bazei instituțiilor social-culturale de stat
 terenurile cooperativelor agricole de productie, animalele, uneltele, instalatiile si constructiile ce le apartin erau proprietate cooperatista.
 reorganizarea teritorială și revenirea la județe, ca forme de administrație locală în loc de raioanele și regiunile de inspirație sovietică
 se introduce calitatea de municipii pentru orașele mari
 a fost înființată funcția de președinte, la 28 martie 1974.
 alegatorii puteau revoca oricand din functie deputatii din Marea Adunare Nationala, potrivit procedurii stabilite prin lege

Prerogativele președintelui

 Prezida Consiliul de Stat
 Reprezenta puterea de stat în relațiile interne și internaționale
 Era comandantul suprem al armatei și președintele Consiliului Apărării RSR
 prezida ședințele Consiliului de Miniștri
 stabilea măsurile de mare importanță ce priveau interesele țării, care urmau să fie supuse de către Marea Adunare Națională, spre consultarea poporului prin referendum
 numea și revoca la propunerea premierului, viceprim-miniștri, miniștri și președinții altor organe centrale ale administrației
 numea și revoca președinții și membrii Tribunalului Suprem
 conferea decorații
 încheia tratate internaționale
 stabilea rangurile misiunilor diplomatice
 proclama starea de război și de urgență
 emitea decrete prezidențiale și decizii.

Legături externe

1965 în România
Constituțiile României
Constituții abrogate


Next message: Alberto Barbati: "[boost] Re: Serialization Library Review"
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AFAIK, the differences between abort and throw are two-fold.
On one hand, there are platform/compiler-dependent differences.
case of abort(). On these enviroments, abort() is clearly superior.
On the other hand, there are application level differences.
role is well played by "assertion_failed()".
On the library-level, the best choice is IMO given by the target platform.
and I can see all I need to spot the problem.
*before* you get a chance to see what happened.
behaviour based on the target platform.
Horn's proposal might suite better my criteria.
vote for including the _MSG variant.


text:
Accreditation in Public Relations
Cumbre Awards
Hirst Vista Award
Ted B. Sherwin Member of the Year Award
Jennifer Riordan Community Service Award
Greg Johnston Board Member of the Year
Meet the Board: Annemarie Henton
by River Marquez | May 27, 2020 | News | 0 comments
A series of profiles will help you get to know your NMPRSA 2020 Board of Directors. In this edition of "Meet the Board" we bring you PR pro and community leader Annemarie Henton.
Give us a P-R-S-A!
P = Person
I'm Annemarie Henton, Vice President of Business Development & Marketing for Albuquerque Economic Development Inc., a private association with a mission to recruit new employers and help local companies expand to generate jobs and opportunities for the Albuquerque metro area. I'm also the co-founder of Albuquerque's award-winning "Stop Bagging, Start Bragging" campaign, which encourages Albuquerque residents to play a role in the city's talent attraction and retention strategy. I love helping people see what's possible and getting them to believe they can achieve big dreams. I care about being a champion for women and making them feel excited about what's next in their lives. I love getting lost in a good book, hanging with my Goldendoodle puppy, Hank, and going to music festivals with my husband. On the weekends you'll likely catch me in the mountains: I love to snowboard, mountain bike, hike, paddle board, fly fish and camp.
R = Reason
I joined PRSA because I believe in the power of good relationships and that continuous learning and professional development are imperative at every level of our careers. It's important to be surrounded by experts and people facing the same challenges and trends in the workplace.
While technology and business continue to change and evolve, one thing remains the same: People need to be heard, understood and validated. Good communication is at the center of building a good company culture, increasing sales and revenue, advocating for important policy, navigating a crisis and more. Earning my APR was a game changer for me and helped catapult me into more career opportunities and earning potential. The APR skill set is valuable to every company, at every size, in every industry.
S = Specialties
An energetic and intuitive business executive, I specialize in leadership, corporate strategy, business development, building effective teams, marketing, strategic communications and relationship management. I speak nationally on the topic of emotional intelligence in the multi-generational workplace, and I consult with C-suite executives about talent attraction and retention strategies. I turn people's anxiety into confidence, raising the energy in the room and helping my coworkers and loved ones see possibilities instead of obstacles. I'm a connector–a skill that has always come naturally to me.
A = Advice
Bold optimism can truly change your life and your career. The science behind positive thinking
is powerful.
Positivity attracts positivity. When people experience positive emotions, they're more likely to see all the possibilities that exist in their lives, and they're more likely to be innovative, open-minded and collaborative. When people view you that way – as someone who brings innovation, energy and teamwork to the table–you become the kind of person people want to follow and support. And you also bring out the best in people along the way.
So, the advice I always give people is to be boldly optimistic in the way you approach your life and work. Train your brain to think about the many reasons something will work, instead of all the reasons something won't work. Give people the benefit of the doubt. Be willing to see the different pathways that can get you to the same good outcome. Be flexible so that you open yourself up to great opportunities.
January Program: The State of the State of Public Relations
Monthly Program Information
Meet the Board: Kim Baca
Member Spotlight: Nancy Partridge
Meet the Board: Beth Velasquez
PAGES OF INTEREST
DESIGNED BY SIARZA SOCIAL DIGITAL
NMPRSA © 2022

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Meerilinga Training College is a Registered Training Organisation promoting professional excellence and successfully training educators, childcare and community workers in Western Australia with: qualified professional staff and facilitators with industry experience; industry expertise in the areas of early childhood care and education, primary education and recreation care, health and nutrition; being responsive and flexible with meeting the customers' needs including payments, course structure and support; and recognition of Prior Learning processes, which provide evidence of competency in a holistic manner. Meerilinga works with organisations to manage traineeships and delivers class based learning to students. Consultancy and professional development is also available, tailored to individual and/or group needs.
The College has an access and equity policy and a skills recognition policy in place. Accredited courses run by the College may help students qualify for articulation and credit recognition at universities in WA.
Courses are available by external studies, including Certificates III and IV in Education Support and Certificate III in Children's Services.


text:
Mistrovství Jižní Ameriky ve fotbale 1925 bylo deváté mistrovství pořádané fotbalovou asociací CONMEBOL. Vítězem se stala Argentinská fotbalová reprezentace.

Tabulka

 Týmy  a  se vzdaly účasti.

Zápasy

Externí odkazy
 Mistrovství Jižní Ameriky na RSSSF
 Mistrovství Jižní Ameriky na eurofotbal.cz

1925
Fotbal v roce 1925
Sport v Argentině v roce 1925
Sport v Jižní Americe v roce 1925
Fotbalové události v Argentině
Sportovní události v Buenos Aires

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Oakland Stompers – nieistniejący już amerykański klub piłkarski z Oakland, w stanie Kalifornia. Drużyna występowała w lidze NASL, a jego domowym obiektem był Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum. Zespół istniał w 1978 roku.

Historia
Klub został założony w 1978 roku w Oakland jako kontynuator tradycji Connecticut Bicentennials i istniał tylko przez jeden rok kalendarzowy. W swoim jedynym sezonie w lidze NASL zajął 3. miejsce w Dywizji Zachodniej i nie zakwalifikował się do fazy play-off. Po zakończeniu sezonu 1978 klub został przeniesiony do kanadyjskiego Edmonton i występował w lidze NASL pod nazwą Edmonton Drillers.

Sezon po sezonie

Skład

Trenerzy
 1978:  Mirko Stojanovic
 1978:  Ken Bracewell
 1978:  Shep Messing
 1978:  Dick Berg
 1978:  Karl-Heinz Mrosko

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Oakland Stompers na Nasljerseys.com
 Oakland Stompers na FunWhileItLasted.net

Nieistniejące amerykańskie kluby piłkarskie
Kluby piłkarskie założone w 1978
Kluby piłkarskie rozwiązane w 1978
Sport w Oakland


Health and Family Welfare Department Chhattisgarh invited application for recruitment to the post of Rural Medical Assistant.
Health and Family Welfare Department Chhattisgarh invited application for recruitment to the post of Rural Medical Assistant. The candidates eligible for the post can apply through prescribed format before 12 October 2013.
The candidate have to send the online application in the prescribed format before 12 October 2013.


Fred, I understand what you are saying but I am not directly addressing Rick. I was asking questions about using bowclamps in an existing thread and Rick chose to answer. I merely acknowledged Rick's answer when I asked my follow-up question.
Perhaps the confusion has arisen because Rick's original answer is not longer visible on the thread, and I will edit my response accordingly.
Thank you and I apologize for creating even more confusion. By the way, I have 16 of Craig's Bowclamps and love using them. One thing that I know for sure is that I have not come anywhere even close to finding all of the applications in which I can use them.
I'm sorry for the confusion. I asked Rick to delete his reply. I thought it was inappropriate for him to respond, confusing to you, and irrelevant to the situation. But I would hate for you to think that negative comments by experienced users are edited out. That would never be the case.
Rick's post had compared the pressure a good vacuum bag can bring to the assembly to what he guessed a few Bowclamps would offer. I had replied to rib him that the vacuum bag applied excessive force. I was joking at the time but I just took a moment to think about it and maybe the vacuum bag is excessive.
Veneering has long been accomplished by simply placing a weight on top of the assembly. A big hunk of iron or steel is handy (if it's very flat on the bottom) but if you want to cover a large area a lot of problems arise.
A cubic foot of steel weighs 490 pounds. That seems more than sufficient to clamp a one square foot assembly but consider that 490#/144sq."= 3.4. That big lump of steel only applies 3.4 pounds of pressure per square inch. That's less than a third of the psi you get with a good vacuum bag system.
Personally I think a mere 4 inch thick steel plate is plenty heavy enough to place on top of the work even though it amounts to scarcely more than 1 psi. But, that 4 inch thick hunk of steel weighs 163 pounds per square foot and even if I could get it for free and had an electromagnetic gantry to move the stuff I'd rather use Bowclamps.
Vacuum bag systems are awesome and a good polyurethane bag might cost less than the bundle of Bowclamps it would take to cover the equivalent area but Bowclamps are a lot more versatile.
If anybody has a problem and finds that their bowclamps are not performing as advertised... by all means, please come right here and tell us about it. But as you know... I think that if you are using a calculator to figure this out... you're doing it wrong. The only math you should be doing is basic geometry.
Last edited by CraigFeuerzeig; 11-07-2011 at 10:22 PM.
Blimey, it was my first post! I had no idea I was stirring up something.
Anyway, I am going to order the bowclamps because I have so many uses for them in mind even if I revert to my vacuum pump for the veneer work.
I'll post some pictures and let you know how it goes when I get to it.
Richard, don't worry about it. We have a lot of very knowledgeable folks around here, and sometimes the strong opinions clash. Most of the time things stay pretty friendly, sometimes feathers get ruffled.
That's the way things go in the world, and this place is no exception.
And you definitely deserve a better welcome.
I look forward to getting them in your shop. And to those pctures.
isn't the clamp so you can put a veneer over that nasty crack?
Bingo! And an excellent first post. And a Big Welcome to you to. You'll fit right in.


I would honestly say year but didnt wanted to look too pesimistic, lol. I know ED way 2 well for this, they are scrubs, can't make game playable for us, ritards.
Someone is trying to revive the spirit of multiplayer big events/campaigns.
Take a look, I am definitely in for its stress test.
I am very interested in this event. I think we should join, as a squadron.
We are testing CA at the moment with good result. As soon we have more activity in 51st PVO the GI campaign will be considered. We all do miss those great missions that can be even better now with CA working.
Andrej"Teknetinium" Reve, #11 of the 51st PVO Regiment.
Teknetinium wrote: We are testing CA at the moment with good result. As soon we have more activity in 51st PVO the GI campaign will be considered. We all do miss those great missions that can be even better now with CA working.
If you need help testing or want to organise a mission please tell us.
Yo Shaman, I heard Poland is mobilising, any chances of taking Lwów back?


A remarkable hotel with remarkable convenience.
Our convenient hotel is located directly across the street from Saint Marys hospital in Historic Southwest Rochester, MN. Our complimentary shuttle provides easy access to the Mayo Clinic. With nearby shops, local restaurants, neighboring parks and walking-paths, you'll be in the perfect location when you'd like a break between appointments or meetings.
Nearby cafes and restaurants in walking distance, such as the Canadian Honker, Café Presto, Denny's, Caribou Coffee, McDonald's, Wild Bill's Sports Bar & Grill, Cherry Berry, City Market, Toppers Pizza, and Olive Garden.


text:
Le Grenier est une série télévisée jeunesse québécoise en 89 épisodes de 25 minutes diffusée du  au  à Radio-Canada.

Synopsis
Dollard Desbouleaux, collectionneur de cartes postales, habite une maison à Saint-Odilon-du-Petit-Ruisseau. Il s'ennuie et cherche une façon de faire un peu de sous.

Son ami et voisin Étienne lui suggère de louer son grenier. Chose dite! Chose faite! Trois locataires se présentent et louent le grenier :

Le premier locataire, un fakir aux pouvoirs étonnants, directement arrivé de l'Inde, s'appelle Sâdhu Bidishâh;

La deuxième s'appelle Antoinette Orthographe qui veut écrire des romans-frissons;

Et la troisième locataire s'appelle Frimousse qui est une jeune orpheline douce et romantique qui à l'habilité de se transformer en petit garçon batailleur.

Tout ne sera plus de tout repos pour Dollard Desbouleaux.

Distribution
 Marielle Bernard : Frimousse
 Yvon Bouchard : Dollard Desbouleaux
 Denise Daudelin: voix de Pondicheri - La boule de cristal magique de Sâdhu Bidishâh
 Robert Duparc : Étienne, l'ami et voisin de Dollard
 Hélène Loiselle : Antoinette Orthographe
 Gérard Poirier : le fakir Sâdhu Bidishâh

Épisodes
Synopsis général de la série : « Les aventures aux multiples rebondissements de Dollard Desbouleaux, troublé dans ses habitudes de vieux garçon tranquille par l'arrivée de trois locataires au lieu d'un seul. »

Début de la série le mardi , à 16:30. Aucun titre ou synopsis n'est indiqué

(numérotation arbiraire)

1. Pour se venger de l'attitude de ses locataires, Dollard met au point quelques douces vengeances qui lui retomberont sur le nez. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

2. Condamné par le tribunal de ses locataires, Dollard se retrouve le compagnon forcé des jeux de Frimousse. Heureusement que le Quêteux fait son apparition. Avec Edgar Fruitier. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

3. Sâdhu reçoit un colis des Indes. Sa boule de cristal causera un certain émoi. Avec Denise Daudelin. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

4. Le jour de son anniversaire, Antoinette Orthographe se trouve mêlée à une sombre histoire de vol. Avec Gaétan Gladu. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

5. Sâdhu reçoit une carte postale qui lui cause un grand chagrin. Donnée généreusement à Dollard pour sa collection, cette carte lui vaut une médaille. Avec Jean-Pierre Beaupré et Jacques Tourangeau. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

6. Étienne monte une séance avec ses amis pour clore son exposition. Tout ne va pas comme sur des roulettes. Sâdhu sauve la situation. Avec Martine Rouzier, Germaine Lemyre, Germaine Bougie, Marie-Christine Larocque, Monique Venne-Boisjoli, Georges Bélisle et Claude Ravanelle. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

7. Durant la nuit, tous ont fait le même rêve. L'arrivée du frère de Sadhu fournit quelques explications. Cependant l'attitude de ce dernier n'est pas sans causer quelques problèmes à Sadhu… Avec Jacques Piperni et Denise Daudelin. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

8. Étienne a disparu. Cela permet à Antoinette de se lancer dans une enquête farfelue. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

9. Alors qu'il fait beau et que l'entente est parfaite, une vieille tante de Dollard vient faire sa visite annuelle. Elle est atteinte d'une maladie bizarre. Avec Lise LaSalle et Denise Daudelin. Diffusion : le mardi , à 16:30.

10. La cohabitation entraîne quelques frictions. On voudrait savoir qui habitera seul dans le grenier. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30. Probablement une reprise.

11. En l'absence de Sâdhu, Pondicheri s'amuse aux dépens des autres. Frimousse lui donne un coup de pouce. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

12. Antoinette et Étienne participent à un concours de rédaction. Ils voudraient bien faire de Dollard un héros. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

13. Le désordre règne dans le grenier, Étienne suggère d'élire un maire. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

14. Afin de donner une leçon de responsabilité à ses locataires, Dollard va travailler à l'extérieur. Étienne en subit les conséquences. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

15. Afin de rendre service aux fleuristes de St-Odilon, Sâdhu prend soin de plantes vertes chétives. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

16. Voulant être gentil avec Frimousse et le mettre à l'aise vis-à-vis ses fréquentes transformations on décide d'agir comme elle. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

17. Sâdhu agit de façon bizarre avec ses amis. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

18. Étienne est débordé de travail pour la préparation de la fête de St-Odilon. Cependant, cette fois, le cœur n'y est plus. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

19. Sâdhu a mis au point une potion pour tenter de guérir Frimousse de sa maladie si embarrassante. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

20. Dollard convoite le titre de propriétaire de l'année. Mais il a trop de reproches à faire à ses locataires pour se présenter. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

21. Sâdhu afin que les autres ne s'ennuient de lui en son absence, envoûte Étienne et le fait agir comme lui. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

22. Antoinette décide d'éclaircir une fois pour toutes ce qui, pour elle, s'appelle le mystère échalotte. (note : le mot échalotte est écrit avec 2 « t »). Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

23. Pour la journée spéciale des oiseaux, on a fabriqué plusieurs maisons. Pondichéri, se sentant délaissée, brouille un peu les cartes. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

24. Un Papou et un Esquimau se présentent pour suivre des cours de fakirisme chez Sâdhu. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

25. Pondicheri devient la gardienne de Frimousse et de Jonquille. Et cela entraîne des complications. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

26. À la demande d'Antoinette, la maison se trouve plongée dans le silence. Il faut trouver d'autres moyens de communication. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

27. Sâdhu s'imagine que ses amis ne l'aiment pas. Il s'arrange pour que ceux-ci prouvent leur amour. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

28. Antoinette ouvre une école de détectives privés afin de mettre au point des méthodes de son invention. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

29. Dollard est aux prises avec de curieuses personnes intéressées par ses poignées de portes. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

30. C'est un grand jour pour Sâdhu. Il a trouvé tout seul le bureau de poste. Malheureusement, ce beau jour sera assombri par l'arrivée de Sombrera la Lorgnette. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

31. Frimousse voudrait aller au bal des souris avec Jonquille. Mais il lui faudrait une robe spéciale pour cette occasion. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

32. On fait une grande course au trésor. En l'occurrence, le trésor s'appelle Antoinette Orthographe. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

33. Frimousse revient d'une semaine de camping avec les guides de St-Odilon. Quelque chose a changé dans son comportement. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

34. Pondichéri raconte aux autres les événements pénibles causés par la trop grande curiosité d'Anita Desruisseaux, propriétaire du magasin général. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

35. La tante de Frimousse se découvre des pouvoirs gênants pour les autres. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

36. Étienne peint une toile qu'il ne laisse voir à personne. Que peut-il préparer? Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

37. Capsule, l'iguane de Dollard, est soupçonnée de s'être transformée en monstre. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

38. Sâdhu est atteint d'une arachidite aiguë . Seul son ami Mustapha peut le guérir. Avec Gaétan Labrèche. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

39. Antoinette place ses espoirs dans un gros trèfle à quatre feuilles. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

40. Le quêteux cherche la Fontaine de Jouvence chez Dollard. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

41. On a fabriqué des maisons pour les oiseaux. Pondichéri brouille un peu les cartes. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

42. Étienne et Dollard rencontrent deux Martiens bizarres. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

43. Sâdhu raconte une histoire à Frimousse. Il s'embrouille dans ses personnages. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

44. Pondichéri devient la gardienne de Frimousse et de Jonquille, ce qui entraîne des complications. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

45. Frimousse se pose des questions sur son avenir. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

46. Sâdhu cherche un moyen de communication entre la cuisine et le grenier pour remplacer le tuyau bouché. Pondichéri lui suggère une sirène. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

47. Dollard et ses locataires s'amusent. Étienne est juge de leurs jeux. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

48. Frimousse fait son journal. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

49. Pondichéri qui se sent délaissé décide de faire en sorte qu'à l'avenir, on ne l'oublie plus. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

50. M. et  Sanschagrin cherchent de nouveaux collectionneurs. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

51. Frimousse semble perdue. Elle agit comme dans un cauchemar. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

52. Sâdhu lance une campagne pour la paix. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

53. Pondichéri fait preuve d'égoïsme lors de la préparation d'une fête. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

54. Étienne, manquant d'inspiration, suit un conseil de Dollard. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

55. Frimousse ne se sent pas bien, mais elle ne veut pas voir le médecin. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

56. C'est le jour du tirage de la loterie de St-Odilon. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

57. Étienne a décidé d'organiser des envolées au-dessus de St-Odilon. Mais on ne trouve pas d'avion. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

58. C'est un grand jour pour  Antoinette. Anita Desruisseaux est porteuse d'une mauvaise nouvelle. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

59. Alouette met en doute les grandes qualités des parents de Frimousse. Avec Louise Rinfret. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

60. Les cartes postales enchantent un peu moins Dollard. Que peut-il chercher d'autres? Dernier épisode de la série. Diffusion : le mercredi , à 16:30.

Source : Ici Radio-Canada – Horaire des chaînes françaises de télévision de Radio-Canada, publication hebdomadaire, 1972-1985. Les articles et renseignements publiés dans Ici Radio-Canada télévision peuvent être reproduits librement.

Scénarisation
 Pierre Guénette

Réalisation
 Maurice Falardeau
 Claude Poulin

Équipe technique
 Marie Bernard: musicienne
 Michèle Charbonneau: script-assistante
 Adrien Côté: technicien du son
 Hélène Falcon: responsable multi-D
 Michèle Forget: costumière
 Claude Gauthier: directeur technique
 Monique Le François: décoratrice
 Jean-Paul Rouillard: éclairagiste
 Edward Shrimpton: maquilleur

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Fiche émission.ca

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A Battle Between a Great City and a Great Lake
By Dan Egan July 7, 2021
The climate crisis haunts Chicago's future. A Battle Between a Great City and a Great Lake
By DAN EGAN
JULY 7, 2021Photographs By
LYNDON FRENCH
Chicago has a weakness at its very foundations. The towering skyscrapers and temples of commerce were built upon a swamp.Chicago has a weakness at its very foundations. The towering skyscrapers and temples of commerce were built upon a swamp.
For generations, bold engineering projects have fought to maintain a perilous balance, keeping water in its place — not too high, not too low.For generations, bold engineering projects have fought to maintain a perilous balance, keeping water in its place — not too high, not too low.
But it is a city built for a different time. The time before climate change.But it is a city built for a different time. The time before climate change.
Sources: Satellite images are from NOAA, TerraMetric and Landsat/ Copernicus via Google Earth Studio
In the search for a big-city refuge from climate change, Chicago looks like an excellent option. At least, it does on a map.
It stands a half-continent away from the threat of surging ocean levels. Its northern locale has protected it, to some extent, from southern heat waves. And droughts that threaten crops, forests and water supplies in so many places? Chicago hugs the shore of one of the grandest expanses of freshwater in the world.
Water is, in fact, why Chicago exists. The nation's third-largest city grew from a remarkable geographical quirk, a small, swampy dip in a continental divide that separates two vast watersheds: the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River Basin. In the 19th century, Chicagoans dug a canal linking those two watersheds, transforming their muddy town into a metropolis of commerce by making the riches of the American Midwest accessible to the world.
The mule-drawn barges that worked its canals long ago gave way to trains, planes and eighteen-wheelers.
But the same waters that gave life to the city threaten it today, because Chicago is built on a shaky prospect — the idea that the swamp that was drained will stay tamed and that Lake Michigan's shoreline will remain in essentially the same place it's been for the past 300 years.
The lake may have other plans.
Climate change has started pushing Lake Michigan's water levels toward uncharted territory as patterns of rain, snowfall and evaporation are transformed by the warming world. The lake's high-water cycles are threatening to get higher; the lows lower. Already, the swings between the two show signs of happening faster than any time in recorded history.
The Chicago River
Lake Shore Drive
A series of ferocious storms in recent years has made it clear that the threat this poses to a metro area of 9.5 million people is not abstract.
"There are buildings just teetering on the edge of the lake. A few years ago, they had a beach. Now the water is lapping at their foundations," Josh Ellis, a former vice president of Chicago's 87-year-old, nonprofit Metropolitan Planning Council, said this year. "This is an existential problem for those neighborhoods and, ultimately, for the city."
Jera Slaughter, who lives on the South Side, remembers a dramatic flood in 1987, when water washed through the ground floor of her apartment building. Back then, she said, everyone repeatedly was assured it was an aberration. "We were told, 'You'll never see this kind of water again in your lifetime,'" the 70-year-old retired Amtrak employee recalled in early May. "But it's worse now."
Lake Michigan's water level has historically risen or fallen by just a matter of inches over the course of a year, swelling in summer following the spring snowmelt and falling off in winter. Bigger oscillations, a few feet up or down from the average, also took place in slow, almost rhythmic cycles unfolding over the course of decades.
In 2013, Lake Michigan plunged to a low not seen since record-keeping began in the mid-1800s, wreaking havoc across the Midwest. Marina docks became useless catwalks. Freighter captains couldn't fully load their ships. And fears grew that the lake would drop so low it would no longer be able to feed the Chicago River, the defining waterway that snakes through the heart of the city.
That fear was short-lived. Just a year later, in 2014, the lake started climbing at a stunning rate, ultimately setting a record summertime high in 2020 before drought took hold and water levels started plunging again.
In just seven years, Lake Michigan had swung more than six feet. It was an ominous sign that the inland sea, yoked for centuries to its historic shoreline, is starting to buck.
Uncertainty reigns.
A Tug of War Between Lake and Sky
A clash between elemental forces — sun, rain, heat and ice — is what is threatening to upend centuries of relative stability along the Great Lakes' 10,000 miles of shoreline, including the 22 miles that define Chicago's eastern edge. And the best explanation is climate change, said Drew Gronewold, a hydrologist at the University of Michigan who has been studying lake levels for more than a decade.
In fact, the speed and uncertainty of the changes underscore how Chicago, in some crucial ways, is perhaps more immediately exposed to the dangers of global warming than cities on the ocean. At least ocean levels change relatively slowly and predictably (storm surges notwithstanding) and move in just one direction: up.
Because he grew up in New England, Dr. Gronewold said, he hadn't reckoned with the true immensity of the Great Lakes until the first time he climbed a sand dune towering hundreds of feet over Lake Michigan. It felt, he said, as if he were back standing on the Atlantic Coast of his native Maine.
"When you look out over the lake, you realize for the first time that you can't differentiate it from the ocean," he said. "You can't see land in any direction."
Oceanic vistas aside, the five connected Great Lakes function more like a slow-motion river flowing west to east, with each lake dumping into the next until their collective outflow is gathered in the St. Lawrence River and carried to the Atlantic Ocean.
To the Atlantic
Chicago's canal system connects
the Great Lakes to the sprawling
Mississippi River basin.
Flows to the
Source: Water detected via Sentinel-2 short-wave infrared composite image
Like any river, that outflow must be replaced by inflows, and in this sense the lakes have historically operated like an exquisitely balanced bank account. Deposits take the form of precipitation: rain and snow. Withdrawals are measured in terms of water that flows outward to the ocean, along with the water that evaporates into the sky.
Dr. Gronewold's work is focused on what he calls an emerging tug of war between recent increases in both evaporation and precipitation, each of which can be influenced by the warming globe.
The hope is that these two clashing forces will ultimately balance each other out. The reality may be another story.
Gauges on the United States side of the border show the Great Lakes Basin has, since the 1990s, received far more precipitation than average. The past five years collectively have been the wettest half-decade on record.
It is likely no coincidence that the average air temperature in the same region has increased 1.2 degrees Fahrenheit since 1991. Warmer air factors into wetter weather, and a surging lake level, because it can hold more moisture.
But warmer air also means more evaporation.
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This is where the ice comes in. Even a slight air temperature increase can dramatically reduce the lake's winter ice cover. And because ice reflects the sun's heat, less ice means warmer water, which accelerates evaporation.
Between 1999 and 2013, evaporation appeared to be winning the tug of war. Over that time, Lake Michigan spent a record 15 years below its average level, despite greater precipitation.
In early 2013, the lake hit a record low.
Then, yet another force of nature emerged: a weakening of the Polar Vortex.
Several brutally cold winters settled over the Great Lakes starting in 2014, driven in part by the destabilization of the famous swirl of frigid air around the North Pole. When the vortex's tight spin goes wobbly, it can send blasts of arctic air into the Great Lakes region for weeks on end. Many scientists believe this periodic weakening of the vortex may also be tied to a warming planet.
Whatever the case, the frigid blasts caused Lake Michigan's ice cover to surge for several winters. That lowered water temperatures and slowed evaporation — and helped drive the lake level to the record summertime high in 2020.
Chicagoans paid a heavy price.
Beloved sandy beaches disappeared. Wind-riled waters shattered living room glass and flooded apartment basements. Extreme storms turned city streets into rivers.
The morning of Jan. 11, 2020, on the lakeshore.Deborah Harrington
Battered homes, battered cars.Deborah Harrington
Since last fall, the lake has fallen about a foot because of a relatively mild winter and a continuing drought. But nobody knows where this is headed. If warmer winters persist, the increased evaporation could help to shrink the lake back into record-low territory.
Or lower.
"From the conversations I have with colleagues, the consistent message I hear is that we can expect extremes on both ends," said John Allis, chief of the Army Corps of Engineers' Great Lakes hydraulics and hydrology office.
If the lake were to drop just a couple of feet below its all-time low, or surge a couple of feet above its record high, the consequences for the city could be dire.
When Lake Michigan hit its low in 2013, conservationists warned it was very likely only a matter of time until the lake dropped so far in relation to the Chicago River that the river, which flows out of the lake and carries Chicago's treated wastewater south toward the Gulf of Mexico, might actually reverse course and begin flowing into the lake — the city's drinking-water source.
The estimate then was that the river could potentially reverse itself if the lake level dipped a mere six inches.
But then, just seven years later, high water was the problem.
Lake Michigan swells, and North Avenue Beach disappears.Google Earth
A city by the sea might "build for the future," said Joel Brammeier, president of the Chicago-based conservation group Alliance for the Great Lakes. "Here, we don't even know what that looks like."
Throughout the first two centuries of its existence, Chicago became famous as a city that pushed water around like nowhere else. Now, in the ever-warming world of the 21st century, the water is starting to push back.
The city rises, literally.
Metropolis on Stilts
In 1673, the Jesuit missionary Jacques Marquette and fellow explorer Louis Joliet, a philosophy student turned fur trader, became the first known Europeans to set eyes on what is today Chicago.
The two men were returning from a voyage down the Mississippi River. On their outbound trip, the expedition had to carry its canoes overland in Wisconsin. But on the return trip, Native Americans steered the explorers toward a shortcut back to the Great Lakes — a swamp now called Chicago.
In their natural state, the Mississippi River and Great Lakes basins were separated by a ridge in the landscape that kept the two basins' waters from mingling, just like the better-known Continental Divide that runs the dorsum of the Rockies and separates waters bound west for the Pacific from those flowing eastward.
But the divide separating the Mississippi from the Great Lakes is nothing like a mountain range. In many places, it is a gently sweeping hill. In others, it's an imperceptible hump.
Chicago Lithographing Co., Library of Congress
And in Chicago it is, or was, a wetlands surrounding a shallow lake whose indolent outflows could, in periods of high water, drift in both directions — eastward toward Lake Michigan and westward into the Mississippi Basin. The explorers found that crossing between the two basins at this sag in the divide required only a relatively brief slog through the mud.
Joliet reported to French leaders back in Quebec that he had found a strategic oddity in the continental geography that "will hardly be believed." He saw the swamp as a gateway into the heart of America, opened simply by digging a roughly 1.5-mile channel across it so that vessels could float between the Mississippi Basin and the Great Lakes.
Construction of such a canal had to wait a century and a half, until 1836. But by 1870, the canal had helped propel Chicago from a mangy frontier outpost of less than 5,000 into a metropolis of 300,000. Along the way it became one of the nation's busiest ports, into which immigrants flooded and out of which flowed the bounty of the North American interior — furs, timber, grains and livestock.
City meets river: a water taxi stop.
But even as a metropolis rose from the mud, the flat landscape never went away. Storm and wastewater drainage in the young city was next to impossible, leaving streets smothered in a septic goo. In wet seasons, the quagmire was so deep it prompted signs along downtown streets issuing an ominous warning: "No bottom."
"It was woe to the unlucky teamster who chanced to disregard the warning," the Chicago Tribune wrote in 1859, "for generally his horse had to be dragged out by the neck."
Chicago couldn't fix this problem the way other cities did, by laying sloped sewers. The land was so low, it was impossible to place sewers below the streets and still have enough tilt to carry wastewater into the Chicago River.
So, Chicago's leaders got creative. Instead of putting sewers under the streets, they put sewers on top of the streets, then built new roads atop the old ones. They effectively hoisted the city out of the swamp.
Buildings in downtown were raised by as much as eight feet, an enterprise that required placing immense beams and jackscrews beneath their foundations. Then, a conductor would direct hundreds of laborers in the precisely choreographed turns of the screws to lift the structures out of the muck.
"The superintendent takes his stand," the Chicago Tribune wrote at the time, and with a "shrill whistle" directs the crew to begin. "He continues his whistle long enough for every man to turn each screw one complete round of the thread. Thus the building is raised at every point precisely at the same moment."
It was a feat of engineering as audacious as it was ultimately ineffective at solving Chicago's predicament.
But there was a sewage problem.
Reversing the River
While jacking up Chicago to make room for sewers may have solved one predicament — the filthy, impassable streets — it caused another. All the sewage still flowed into the Chicago River. And the river still flowed into the lake, the city's drinking-water source.
Desperate to protect residents from waterborne scourges like cholera, city leaders at the end of the 19th century hatched another audacious plan: Reverse the direction of the river so it flowed away from Lake Michigan instead of into it.
They achieved this by dynamiting a 28-mile-long canal connecting the Chicago River to the Des Plaines River, which flows toward the Mississippi. It was a project typical of a city that, as one author described in 1898, "stands as a stupendous piece of blasphemy against nature."
The Chicago River passes through the heart of the city.The Chicago River passes through the heart of the city.
But is river the right word?But is river the right word?
Designed as an immense drain to flush away wastewater, it runs as straight as an interstate highway. It can flow in both directions.Designed as an immense drain to flush away wastewater, it runs as straight as an interstate highway. It can flow in both directions.
Today, Chicago is still fighting to put water in its place. An expanding network of vast lagoons captures sewer overflows that plague the city.Today, Chicago is still fighting to put water in its place. An expanding network of vast lagoons captures sewer overflows that plague the city.
The Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal opened in 1900, a feat of engineering 160 feet wide and 25 feet deep and, importantly, lower than Lake Michigan. So gravity dictated that the Chicago River would henceforth flow in the opposite direction.
Today, on the Chicago waterfront stands the Harbor Lock, a set of mammoth steel gates separating lake water from river water. It marks the spot where boats pass between the Great Lakes Basin and the Mississippi Basin. Chicago has, essentially, fashioned for itself a manmade continental divide, with hinges.
It is Joliet's dream, realized on a scale he never could have fathomed.
For most of the 121 years since it opened, the river and canal, the centerpiece of the city's huge manmade waterway system, functioned just as its designers had hoped. It reversed the city's namesake river, sending wastewater toward the Gulf of Mexico and away from the city's drinking-water intake pipes on Lake Michigan.
Usually, but not always.
Throughout much of the 20th century, storm-loaded sewers regularly overwhelmed Chicago's sewage treatment plants, resulting in storm water and sewage (Chicago's old-fashioned sewers carry both) being dumped straight into the river and canal.
But in the heaviest storms, even the river and canal system could get overwhelmed. Which left two bad choices: Let the river and canal overtop their banks and flood city streets with sewage, or open the lock gates so the swollen, polluted river could again, albeit temporarily, tumble into Lake Michigan.
Once more, the city was forced to try to dig itself out of a fix.
Cavernous sewage-storage tunnels.
A vast reservoir under construction.
Since the 1970s, Chicago has been constructing a multibillion-dollar system of sewage-storage tunnels and reservoirs. The idea is that, when rainstorms hit, the extra runoff can be safely warehoused. Once a storm subsides, all that storm water and raw sewage can be slowly treated and released, avoiding floods and also avoiding the release of untreated filth into the lake.
The tunnels, some a yawning 33 feet in diameter and running up to 300 feet below city streets, stretch 109 miles and collectively hold 2.3 billion gallons of water. A network of reservoirs holds roughly an additional 12 billion gallons and, once the entire project is completed by decade's end, it will have the capacity to hold more than 20 billion gallons.
How big is that? Imagine a 30-foot-deep sewer lagoon roughly the size of two-and-a-half New York City Central Parks.
While the system has dramatically increased water quality in the river and lake, it's still not big enough to handle the worst storms. To help soak up downpours, open spaces are also being built, as well as green roofs and porous parking lots. But they, too, aren't enough.
This forces Chicago to continue to rely on opening the navigation lock, along with some nearby gates, as a safety valve to send pulses of storm-driven wastewater into Lake Michigan.
In this way, Lake Michigan has been there to rescue Chicago in its most dire times of need. For more than a century — through generations of blasting, tunneling, jacking and remaking of a swamp to match a city's ambitions — the lake was ready to serve as a last-resort dump for sewage.
Then came May 17, 2020.
A number 'we thought we'd never see.'
The Big Storm
That afternoon Tyrone Valley, lockmaster at Chicago Harbor, got a call. There was big trouble brewing in the river.
Mr. Valley, 56 years old, had just worked an overnight shift at the lock, and he was looking forward to having the week off. But his crew needed him back because the rains that had been pounding the city for three days were threatening Chicago in a fashion no one had experienced.
He hopped into his red Ford F-150 and started the hourlong drive back from his home in Joliet (yes, named after that Joliet). Along the way, his crew called him with alarming updates: Water was rising menacingly fast against the riverbanks in the heart of Chicago. "There were a few curse words exchanged on that drive," Mr. Valley recalled.
Tyrone Valley, lockmaster.
River managers have a trigger point for opening the lock gates — reversing the river's flow into Lake Michigan — in order to protect downtown Chicago from disaster. That trigger is typically 3.5 feet above Chicago's official ground level, which, in the universe of river managers, is considered 0 feet.
Normally the river, as measured on giant white rulers tiled on the lock's walls, ranges between 2 and 3 feet below ground level. That's about where it had been when Mr. Valley had headed home that morning.
But there was a problem.
Three days earlier, a relentless storm had dropped a record 24-hour rainfall for that date. The tunnels and reservoirs had done their job helping to contain the deluge. But then, a second storm hit while the reservoirs were still holding water from the first storm.
That meant the storm water and sewage had to be released straight to the river. And it was too much for the river to handle.
By 5:23 p.m. the river level hit +3.5 feet, the point under normal conditions to open the lock gates and reverse the river into Lake Michigan. Messy, yes. But not as messy as letting sewage-laced water pour into downtown. However, this time conditions weren't normal.
Lake Michigan's level at that moment was at a record high for May — well above the river. So opening the lock wasn't an option, because that would have sent lake water pouring into the river, flooding the city.
At 6:16 p.m. the river hit +3.8 feet. Then, less than 10 minutes later, it hit +4 feet, a number "we thought we'd never see," said James Duncker, a hydrologist with the United States Geological Survey.
At that moment, Mr. Valley was standing along the lock wall, helpless. The sewage-laced muck smelled "like rotten eggs," he said.
Then, at 6:54 p.m. the river surged to +4.6 feet, putting it about five inches above the level of the lake. Finally, Mr. Valley had options again.
Testing the lock at Chicago Harbor.
He gave the order, and his crew opened the immense steel lock gates. A whoosh of water carrying all manner of waste — trees, chunks of dock, litter, toilet flushes — blasted into Lake Michigan.
In mere minutes, the suddenly reversed river, roaring like a freight train, dropped below lake level. This was a new problem; If the gates stayed open, lake water would slosh back into the river, further flooding the city.
There was nothing in the playbook for this scenario. Mr. Valley and the lock operators had to wing it, pinching the gates closed to let the river again rise above the lake, then swinging them open again to let the swollen river drain into the lake.
Again and again, the crew repeated these steps. They were, almost literally, bailing out a flooding downtown Chicago by flapping the steel gates.
"We just did it on the fly," Mr. Valley said.
Still, it was not enough. The river kept climbing, eventually peaking at +5.12 feet a little after 7 p.m.
The resulting floodwaters not only submerged the bustling Lower Wacker Drive, one of the city's main arteries, but also knocked out the electrical power at the nearby Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) all the way up to the aircraft warning lights atop its tusk-like antennas. A city hotline fielded more than 1,500 distress calls from residents whose basements were flooded.
Joel Schmidt, hydraulic engineer.
Flooding isn't new in Chicago. But this time was different: Lake Michigan wasn't at the ready to function as an oversized emergency retention pond.
It may not be the last time.
Paul Roebber, a meteorologist with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, has run computer simulations that show the potential for the lake to break last year's record summertime highs by as much as two feet, if the weather stays wet enough long enough. Another study looked backward, using carbon dating to examine Lake Michigan's high points during the era of the Egyptian pharaohs, 4,500 years ago. It showed the lake was roughly nine feet higher than its modern long-term average.
That was during a post-glacial period, hydrologists point out, when the lake was seeking a steady state. Changing weather patterns hint that it still is.
Six months after the flood, Mr. Valley and Joel Schmidt, an Army Corps hydraulic engineer, stood on the steel deck above the lock gates and looked down as Lake Michigan splashed against them. They explained that the extreme high water in the lake during the May 2020 flood was partly due to a wind-driven surge that pushed up water levels along Chicago's shoreline by almost one foot.
That's not unusual; even two-foot storm surges aren't uncommon. But it perfectly captures the city's delicate balance between dryness and disaster.
If a two-foot storm surge were to strike when the lake level was just a couple of feet higher, the lock itself would in effect be useless. Lake water would overtop its gates and race into the city, and beyond. "It would be a problem," Mr. Schmidt said as waves crashed nearby. "It would be a big problem."
Added Mr. Valley: "All the way down to the Mississippi."
Flooding on the South Side
Threats From Above, Threats From Below
Cheryl Watson remembers the basement of her brick bungalow on the South Side as a place to play ping pong, to roller skate and, when it rained, to fear.
Not only can she still picture her father and brothers descending the steps in galoshes, carrying squeegees and bleach to clean up the dangerous, sewage-laced water that regularly bubbled from the basement drain, she can smell it.
"It was dark water, green-looking," she said of the putrid stew. "You didn't quite know what it was, but you saw things floating in it."
In Chicago, sometimes the threat of water comes from the sky. Sometimes it comes from the lake. And sometimes it comes from below.
When it rains, the city's aged sewer system can be overwhelmed even before the immense storage tunnels and reservoirs hit capacity. The result is sewer backups that spout polluted water into basements and onto city streets. It is a problem that is particularly acute in some of Chicago's impoverished, low-lying South Side neighborhoods where basements commonly double as bedrooms and play areas.
Ms. Watson, who is 66, today still lives in the same home. And the sewer backups that she remembers from childhood continue to plague her Chatham neighborhood.
Cheryl Watson on the South Side.
Though basement floods can be triggered by only moderate rains, they're much worse when big rains hit. And big rains are hitting increasingly often, particularly in spring.
Chicago's historic average for precipitation for May, 4.49 inches, was spectacularly eclipsed in May 2018 when a record 8.21 inches of rain fell. That record lasted just one year: In May 2019, 8.25 inches soaked the city. Then in May 2020, another record, 9.51 inches, swamped Chicago.
Ms. Watson has spent thousands of dollars on drain tiles that channel water to her sump pump, along with a special valve to block sewer backups. Yet she still suffers occasional flooding. Now, storm water often pools in her yard, then drains into her house.
One sign of the ubiquity of the problem: Chicago has a dedicated hotline for basement flooding. But even calls to the hotline probably don't capture the true scale of the crisis, Ms. Watson said.
"If you report to the city, and word gets out, people fear it's going to devalue their home," she said. As a result, many of her neighbors keep their suffering to themselves. A truer measure, Ms. Watson said, are the mountains of toys, electronics, furniture and carpets that pile up in South Side alleys after the rains.
Then there are the floods triggered by the lake itself, one of the most severe of which struck in winter 1987 when gale-driven waves and a near-record-high lake level combined to submerge Lake Shore Drive. Tremendous waves battered Chicago's coastline and "ground up giant concrete barriers as if they were coffee beans," a journalist wrote at the time.
Jera Slaughter
Rock piles, sandbags awaiting future floods.
That turned out to be but a prelude to what the 21st century would bring.
Beginning in fall 2019, a series of storms ravaged the neighborhoods that pocket Chicago's mostly public shoreline. Nowhere has the lake been more menacing to lakefront property owners than the working-class neighborhood along South Shore Drive, about 10 miles south of downtown, where Ms. Slaughter lives — the neighborhood where she rode out the 1987 storm that everyone back then dismissed as once-in-a-lifetime.
Today, her 13-story building's lakeside terrace resembles a war zone. Patio furniture has been swapped for sandbags, concrete blocks the size of washing machines and highway-style Jersey barriers. Yet the fortifications have proven a feeble match for breakers that can push around the hunks of concrete and can float 3,000-pound cars like bars of soap in a bathtub.
In the 1987 flood, Ms. Slaughter mostly worried about making it through the inconvenience of the basement flooding and the temporary loss of power. Now, she is concerned that the relentless waves may cause structural damage to her nearly 100-year-old building, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. "The damage and destruction is where the terror lies," she said. "We fear it is eating into our foundation."
The cost of climate change for Ms. Slaughter and her neighbors is not theoretical. The building's existing floodwater fortifications, along with a study exploring a more permanent offshore breakwater to dissipate the force of the surf, have already cost the co-op's residents some $450,000.
She and her neighbors are now waiting to learn whether they will receive government funds for the offshore barrier. Because without it, she said, their building, their home, is that barrier.
A barrier protecting South Shore Drive, and the city beyond.
The harbor lighthouse, gateway to the heart of Chicago.
Dan Egan is the author of "The Death and Life of the Great Lakes" and journalist in residence at the Center for Water Policy at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee's School of Freshwater Sciences. Satellite images are from NOAA, TerraMetric and Landsat/ Copernicus via Google Earth Studio.
Graphics by Dave Horn, Jugal K. Patel and Anjali Singhvi. Designed and produced by Michael Beswetherick, Ruru Kuo, Matt McCann, Claire O'Neill and Jesse Pesta.
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Welcome to the 2013 Next-Generation Suborbital Researchers Conference (NSRC), the premier conference for researchers and educators interested in commercial suborbital reusable vehicles. This year, the conference will be held at the Omni Interlocken Resort in Broomfield, Colorado, just outside Boulder. Among other things, NSRC-2013 will provide in-depth NASA, FAA, and flight provider briefings and extensive networking opportunities for researchers and educators wishing to use next-gen suborbital.
Here are some highlights coming to NSRC-2013. Don't miss out!
Tour of Ball Aerospace: We are excited to offer a tour of Ball Aerospace, Boulder Campus, starting at 6:30 pm on Tuesday, June 4! Spaces are limited so go HERE for more information and signup!
Congressman Polis: We are privileged to have Congressman Jared Polis of the 2nd District of Colorado, speak at the NSRC-2013 Welcome Reception on Sunday June 2!
Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo First Powered Flight: Come hear all about and celebrate the first supersonic powered flight of SpaceShipTwo in April 2013 and their new suborbital pilots hired this month! Go HERE to read more.
XCOR 2-for-1 Payload Deal: XCOR Aerospace is offering 2-for-1 payload deal for Full Conference Professional and Student Registrants at NSRC-2013! Go HERE to read more.
XCOR Aerospace Lynx-1: Full-scale mockup of the Lynx-1 suborbital vehicle is coming to NSRC-2013! Come see, check it out and get in!
Thank you to all sponsors and participants for another great NSRC! See you next year!
Garver: NASA May Fund Manned Suborbital Research.
NEWS: NASA Willing to Fund Flights for Suborbital Researchers!!!


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12:30 pm EST, January 10, 2014
Why is 'Game of Thrones' so far away? Blame 'The Walking Dead' (Plus: first looks at 'GoT' trailer)
Yesterday, HBO announced that Game of Thrones season 4 will premiere on the first Sunday in April, and many were upset over how far away that is.
Looking at the history of Game of Thrones' premiere dates, it isn't too big of a surprise that it's premiering around that time. Season 1 kicked off April 17, 2011. Season 2 began April 1, 2012. And season 3 premiered earlier than its predecessors: March 31, 2013.
But there was a problem last year: Game of Thrones' season 3 premiere aired on the same night and at the same time as The Walking Dead's season 3 finale.
The latter is the undisputed leader of cable dramas, ratings wise. This year, The Walking Dead's season 4 finale is set to air on Sunday, March 30.
HBO's decision to premiere Game of Thrones season 4 a little later than usual was likely made after seeing that Dead wraps at the end of March. By keeping them separate, zombie lovers can watch the Thrones premiere on April 6, thus boosting the show's ratings out of the gate. The two shows share similar audiences, so this is ultimately a smart decision by HBO (and we're sure AMC appreciates the scheduling, too).
In related news, the first Game of Thrones season 4 trailer will premiere this Sunday right before the series premiere of True Detective. This morning, HBO released quick teasers on Vine. They all feature intense action:
Hypable will bring you the trailer as soon as it is released this weekend. Also, look forward to our recaps of the True Detective and Girls season premieres.
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The 10 best movie scores of 2018, ranked


It's not attractive at all. It's probably one of the least attractive places on campus. Our goal was to make it productive.
Real food and farming have become an integral part of the millennial voice as a collective. I heard ones sales pitch that Modern Farmer magazine is the new Wired. Cool. GenX peers have been pushing this movement from craft food, to beer, to organic produce, to a return to farmer's markets when it seemed very alternative (remember the first Whole Foods natural grocers?) and the movement grows stronger every day. Jay Feinstein is not surprised as he points out that we were the first generations to grow up in suburbs with very green lawns. Farming? Barely. And at least a few of us, at any age, likely have a friend who has given up urbanity to live off the land. I might add that many holiday cards last year boasted chicken coops and homemade everything.
Feinstein, from Newton, is a Junior at Brandeis University and an Environmental Studies and Economics Major who received along with his peers a $30,000 grant from the school's sustainable projects fund. Together with his classmates they have created a 1,500 square foot milk-crate rooftop garden and will harvest over 3,500 pounds of produce from this, the first rooftop garden on a campus in the country. They call themselves the Brandeis Farmers Club and with seven student board members, they say they have only just begun.
Why did you initiate a rooftop garden at Brandeis?
Describe Brandeis' architecture and physical layout for us.
It's a suburban campus and a small liberal arts school right outside of Boston in Waltham, and everyone on campus is very passionate about social justice.
It's actually a very small campus. There isn't a lot of room but there's a rooftop, and we're trying to utilize a space that hasn't been productive in the past. There are a lot of old concrete buildings from probably around the '60s. It's not too old of a school but there is a lot of concrete around here.
Why did you choose this rooftop?
The first spot that we looked at was the Shapiro Science Center, which is one of the newer buildings on campus, but we would need to build railings and that would be $70,000. We figured it would be a better use of our funding to take a place that didn't have the need for railings. Although this is a roof, it's accessible and it's pretty central to the campus, but there's nothing really going on here. It looks like one of those extended patios. It's not attractive at all. It's probably one of the least attractive places on campus. Not only making it productive, but making it beautiful also became part of our goal.
Have students started to come around because of the garden?
We started the garden at the very, very end of the year so it's mostly been in production during the summer. Our 'build days' were during finals' week and we had over a hundred people volunteer who took breaks from studying for their finals and it was incredible. We've seen student support and students stop by and look and take a few pictures with their phones.
How does one start an urban rooftop garden?
We actually partnered with the organization Green City Growers, based in Somerville, and they helped consult and lead the installation. They have actually helped to supervise the maintenance this summer, too. We are growing all of the vegetables in milk crates and they are 1 foot x 1 foot x 1 foot and that's actually deep enough to grow a lot of the vegetables that we wanted.
Green City Growers is pretty visionary themselves! What are you growing?
A little bit of everything. We have tomatoes, eggplant, zucchini, summer squash, a lot of different herbs – we were growing greens earlier in the summer. We are growing about anything you can think of. We're even growing one milk crate's worth of catnip. Apparently catnip tea is the thing right now in urban gardening.
We started a CSA program, which stands for Community Supported Agriculture, and basically people can buy a share of the farm and in return they get produce. Right now, we have twelve people on our CSA program. A lot of them are faculty and staff. We have a few community members, and in the fall we're going to designate one or two CSA shares to donate to food banks to add to the social justice component of it.
Do you wish you could have made a larger garden?
I think that the garden we made is a pretty good size right now, and maybe we can expand in the future.
Did the university fund you?
We applied for a Brandeis Sustainability Fund and we were so lucky to receive $30,000 from the school.
Where did you spend most of the money?
The most expensive aspect of the project was the soil. We have 1,500 milk crates and to bring that much soil required a giant dump truck that dumped it all in the parking lot; we had an assembly line of students who filled each milk crate individually.
As a GenXer… milk crates were such a staple of student life. Did you see the irony in using plastic crates?
Do you think other students on campuses will be inspired to build and design student-led rooftop gardens?
On campus, we have seen so much support. Students are asking, 'when do you meet? When can I volunteer? When can I go to the farmer's market?' Obviously, the farmer's market is in the fall. I've heard so many students talking about it. The university has posted about it on its social media account and my friends from high school that I've spoken with think that it's a really exciting project that they could do at their colleges. A lot of different schools have farms, but usually these are schools in much more rural areas like Wesleyan in Connecticut or Carlton College in Minnesota. We're closer to a city so it's harder to find space for farming. My hope is that other urban schools or schools closer to cities are able to see this as an example.
What about those irrigation tubes?
That makes it a lot easier. We have an irrigation system that automatically waters it and we've been trying to find the exact amount of water that is needed. This was part of the grant spend.
You're saying that $30,000 is enough to put a fairly large garden on a roof?
A big part of our spending was also to pay Green City Growers to help supervise the installation and to help maintain it over the summer. They have actually been leading educational sessions every week of the summer for students, too. They've been teaching students how to farm and helping them harvest. I would say that you are definitely able to have an urban farm for a much smaller budget. We're lucky that we received that amount of money that we did.
For $30,000, every corporation in downtown Boston could have this on their rooftop.
Are there any other barriers?
I guess you need people to maintain it. And we had 100 people volunteer to bring in the dirt. A lot of that effort involved lining the milk crates as well with fabric.
How many students are running this with you?
We have seven executive members. That includes the president, on-campus coordinator, off-campus coordinator, treasurer, security, farm manager, market manager, and now students are asking to join us.
No, you don't have to pay to be a member. You have to pay to go to the school though. (laughs) So, sort of.
Why is your generation so into food?
I think that it's been a trend over the past century that people have actually been less connected with their food. As people moved into cities, they sort of lost a connection with the land and our generation is trying to bring that back and tell people that if you live in a city, you can still be connected with what you eat. Eating is probably one of the most important things that we do. And so, we should know where our food comes from and stay connected with it.
What motivates you most about this project?
The fact that so many other people are proud about it and that people can walk by on their way back from the science lab (we are sitting near the garden in the science quad), and they can look at it and just think for a second that it's important.
This fall, we'll be jumpstarting the club and in addition to maintaining the farm, we're also going to have different educational events to try to connect the farm with the classroom and integrate the academic context of the university with the project. We're thinking of partnering with many departments to have events related to different aspects of agriculture. I took an evolution class in the fall where we learned about the evolution of farm plants and domestication, so we thought that it would be really interesting to have with one of the professors take this further. We could have an economics professor talk about 'The Economics of Farming' and we could talk about the soil testing with another department.
Definitely Professor Laura Goldin. She's been so instrumental in supporting us this whole way through the farm. She's been so inspirational. She's the first person that really made us think about where our food comes from the beginning.
Was your family focused on food?
Not really. I grew up right outside of Boston in Newton. I figure a lot of people who live near a city, like me, don't think twice about food being shipped all the way from California when it can so easily be grown here.


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Leather upper and sock, man made lining, rubber outsole.


text:
Deputy Director of Athletics, COO, Senior Women's Administrator
Barbara Burke
E-Mail barbara-burke@uiowa.edu
Barbara Burke was named Deputy Director of Athletics and Senior Women's Administrator in April 2017. She was named Chief Operating Officer in August, 2021.
Burke joined the UI athletics staff as Senior Associate Athletics Director for Sport Administration and Event Management in 2016. Burke joined the Hawkeyes after serving as Deputy Athletics Director/Chief Operating Officer at Tulane University. Prior to Tulane, she served as the director of athletics at Eastern Illinois for six years. In her new role, Burke will continue to serve as the UI's Senior Women's Administrator, be involved in all strategic planning, including facility planning and capital projects, and in student-athlete Code of Conduct and discipline. Burke will continue to serve as the department's primary sport administrator while assisting with the day-to-day operations of football and men's basketball.
Burke has gained more than 25 years of experience as a collegiate administrator, including six years as a Division I director of athletics. Prior to joining the Iowa staff, she was responsible for financial and budget management, personnel supervision and management, and assistance with academics, compliance, student support, financial aid, facilities and game-day operations at Tulane.
Prior to Tulane, Burke spent six years (2008-14) as the director of athletics at Eastern Illinois University. During her time with EIU athletics, she created a master plan for the Panthers' athletic department and helped oversee growth in the Panther Club, both in funds raised and membership. Under Burke's direction, the Panthers captured three Ohio Valley Conference Commissioner's Cups in the five years that the award for overall OVC excellence has been awarded. In 2013, EIU won its third OVC Commissioner's Cup, as the program had six teams win regular-season conference championships, the highest total since EIU joined the OVC in 1996. EIU also claimed the OVC Commissioner's Cup in 2010 and 2011. The other two years, EIU was runner-up in the Cup standings.
Burke spent 10 years at Wyoming (1998-2008), serving in a variety of capacities. From July, 2006, until leaving for EIU, she was deputy director of athletics and senior women's administrator. In that role, Burke helped oversee strategic planning for the department, as well as the day-to-day operations of Wyoming's 17-sport athletic program.
In addition to her years of service at Wyoming as a senior administrator, Burke served as an athletic administration at the University of Texas at El Paso (1997-98), Marshall University (1994-97), and West Virginia State University (1992-94). During stints at Wyoming and UTEP, Burke was named interim athletics director at the institutions, as both schools transitioned to new directors of athletics.
A member of the National Association of Collegiate Directors of America (NACDA) and Women Leaders in College Sports (formerly NACWAA), Burke has served on numerous athletic committees, including the NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Committee (2005-07), Mountain West Conference Championship committee (2004), and Southern Conference Softball Sports/Tournament committee (1995-96). She served as Wyoming's representative on the Mountain West Conference transition team as the new league was formed in 1998. In September 2010, Burke was selected to serve on the NCAA Women's Basketball Rules Committee and was named committee chair in August 2012. In addition to the NCAA Women's Basketball Rules Committee, Burke served on the NCAA Division I Championship/Sports Management Cabinet, and was a member of the FCS Central Regional Football Advisory committee.
As a student-athlete, Burke was a four-year member of the softball and basketball teams at Western Michigan University (1976-80), leading the Broncos to the Women's College Softball World Series in 1980. She was inducted into the WMU Hall of Fame in 1988.
Burke began her coaching career at Kalamazoo Central High School. Her first collegiate coaching positions came in 1980, as a head softball coach and assistant basketball coach at Tennessee Temple University. She followed that with coaching stops at Clearwater Christian (Florida) College, Cornerstone (Michigan) College, Indiana University Southeast, and West Virginia State College. She was named district coach of the year three times during her softball and basketball coaching career. Burke earned a bachelor's degree from Western Michigan in 1980, and a master of education degree from the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in 1984.


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Investment protection: Businesses that are growing rapidly can use the solution with other Cisco Unified Communications solutions, providing industry-leading investment protection.


text:
Q: IPython not recognising changes to class definition IPython does not seem to recognise changes made to class definition after the script is run the first time. Changes to stand-alone functions work fine, just not changes to the class functions.  The only way I can get it to work is to force a %reset.
Am I going crazy or does this really work this way (not update changes to a class in the script)?  Is there a work around ? I have tried autoreload:
%load_ext autoreload
%autoreload 2
but it didn't work.

A: Alexey's advice points to the answer, the variables assigned to a class must be reassigned or reinitialised after changing the class definition, otherwise they continue to retain the class properties and methods from before the change.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


1. The Venice of America: Known as the Venice of America, Fort Lauderdale is home to over 300 miles of navigable sparkling waterways, which snake through this city and county of one million, and are trafficked with astounding yachts as well as many smaller vessels, each captained by enthusiastic nautical lovers from all over the world. These coveted waterways are a tourist magnet as they are lined with spectacular mansions, many of which are owned by some of the country's most successful business tycoons and even some celebrities.
2. Yachting Capital of the World: Fort Lauderdale has been dubbed the Yachting Capital of the World. Each year the city hosts the spectacular International Boat Show, which draws thousands of yachting enthusiasts and proves to be a major source of fuel to the local economy. The city's unique location on the Atlantic coast, together with its hundreds of miles of navigable waterways, makes this the perfect spot for this exciting industry. Providing over a hundred thousand jobs in Broward County alone, Fort Lauderdale proves that it takes the business of recreation seriously.
3. Year-Round Warm Weather: With an average temperature of 75 in the dead of winter and 90 in the heat of summer, Fort Lauderdale is the destination for sun worshippers of every age and or for those who love the promise of year-round terrific weather. Fort Lauderdale is the perfect destination for raising a family or for that long-awaited retirement. It is here that people enjoy this laid-back lifestyle with its abundance of beaches, parks, and endless venues of outdoor recreation.
4. Cruise Ship Powerhouse: Rising to the occasion, Fort Lauderdale's busy Port Everglades is a powerhouse in South Florida's ever-expanding multi-billion dollar cruise ship industry. Nearly every cruise ship company is represented here, making Port Everglades one of the world's busiest cruise ship ports as well as home to the world's largest cruise terminal. Fort Lauderdale also has the bragging rights as being home port of Royal Caribbean's mega ships, Oasis Of The Seas and Allure Of The Seas.


On December 29, 2008 USCIS updated the count of H-2B petitions received and counted towards the H-2B cap for the second half of the fiscal year 2009. As of December 29, 2008, 29,702 H-2B Visa petitions have been counted towards the 33,000 cap for the second half of FY 2009. Out of the total 29, 702 H-2B Visa Petitions, 15,764 beneficiaries have been approved while 13, 938 are pending.


Includes all hardware and fittings to connect directly to your factory fuel lines.
Has threaded fittings on the end of each rail to attach high flow racing fuel lines if desired.
Includes mounting pad for stock (or stock style adjustable) fuel pressure regulator.


At RI we don't just think pink, we live pink. If you're looking to make everyone around you wink, dress in the girly hue from head-to-toe or if subtlety is your thing, nod to the colour with a mini bag or a pink pair of shoes. From dresses, shirts and trousers to those all-important outfit-making accessories, we have enough to make you blush.
At RI we don't just think pink, we live pink. If you're looking to make everyone around you wink, dress in the girly hue from head-to-toe or if subtlety is your thing, nod to the colour with a mini bag or a pink pair of shoes. From dresses, shirts and trousers to those all-important outfit-making accessories, we have enough to make you blush.


text:
Q: PowerBI Tile issue IOS I'm using PowerBI REST to make an iOS App. Image below shows the result. When I click on any of the tiles I get no response, while if I click ON the red border (added in photoshop) Page respond to the click only if the tile includes a map, other tiles still no response.
Running the same page in a browser on Mac everything works, but on an iOS device it doesn't.
HTML Code:
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0" />

<script type="text/javascript">
    // listen for message to receive tile click messages.
    if (window.addEventListener) {
        window.addEventListener("message", receiveMessage, false);
    } else {
        window.attachEvent("onmessage", receiveMessage);
    }

    //The embedded tile posts messages for clicks to parent window. Listen and handle as appropriate
    function receiveMessage(event) {
        messageData = JSON.parse(event.data);
        if (messageData.event == "tileClicked"){
            window.webkit.messageHandlers.callbackHandler.postMessage(messageData.navigationUrl.toString());
        }
    }

    function updateEmbedReport() {
            var w = window.innerWidth - 25;
            var h = window.innerHeight;

            // check if the embed url was selected
            var embedUrl = "";

            var iframe = document.getElementById('iframe1');
            iframe.src = embedUrl;
            iframe.onload = postActionLoadReport;
            iframe.height = h;
            iframe.width = w;

    }

    function postActionLoadReport() {
        // get the access token.
        accessToken = ;

         var w = window.innerWidth - 25;
         var h = window.innerHeight;

        // construct the post message structure
        var m = { action: "loadTile", accessToken: accessToken, height: h, width: w};
        message = JSON.stringify(m);

        // push the message.
        iframe = document.getElementById('iframe1');
        iframe.contentWindow.postMessage(message, "*");
        iframe.height = h;
        iframe.width = w;
      }

</script>
</head>
<body onload="updateEmbedReport()">
<iframe id="iframe1" width="250px" frameBorder="0" name="iframe1" height="250px" style="cursor:pointer"/>
</body>
</html>

Swift code (which I use to make the app respond to tile click)
private var mWebView: WKWebView?
override func awakeFromNib() {
    super.awakeFromNib()
    let mWebViewConfig: WKWebViewConfiguration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
    mWebViewConfig.userContentController.addScriptMessageHandler(self, name: "callbackHandler")
    mWebViewConfig.preferences.javaScriptEnabled = true
    mWebViewConfig.preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = true
    self.mWebView = WKWebView(frame: self.frame, configuration: mWebViewConfig)
    //self.mWebView!.scrollView.scrollEnabled = false
    self.addSubview(self.mWebView!)
}

func setData(url: String, tileClick: ITileClick){
    self.mTileClick = tileClick
    let page: String = (InstanceReferences.mPowerBIHandler?.GetPage(InstanceReferences.mAuthenticationToken!, EmbedURL: url, ReportPage: false))!
    self.mWebView?.loadHTMLString(page, baseURL: NSURL(string: url)!)
}
func userContentController(userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceiveScriptMessage message: WKScriptMessage) {
print("iniside")
if message.name == "callbackHandler" {
    self.mTileClick?.OnTilePageClick("\(message.body)")
}   }

Note: Used the same HTML page in android app and everything is working without issues.

Any help would be great.

A: Have you been able to use any of the drill down options using the Power BI App on iphone?

A: There seems to be a bug in the embedded page which prevents it from detecting iOS taps. I believe you won't be able to solve this on your end due to cross-domain restrictions.
You can workaround this problem by saving the navigation URL provided to you by the tileLoaded event (fired on tile load), and detecting taps in iOS (Using a gesture recognizer on the WKWebView).


This is a placeholder page for Jeremy Booty, which means this person is not currently on this site. We do suggest using the tools below to find Jeremy Booty.
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It was satisfying to see all the people salvaging what they could off this house, which was destined for a colossal bon fire Saturday morning. Among us were metal scrappers and random families, excited to be picking up almost brand new appliances for just a few dollars. Everyone we talked to had the same response to the fate of this home... shock, disgust, sadness, disbelief. That so many valuable resources would be wasted, to be replaced by concrete roads and 15 more homes. Not to mention the thousands of mature trees that would be removed from this area of land.
If we had more time and a truck of our own, we could have saved so much more. All in all, though, we ended up removing a sliding glass door, a 6 foot picture window with a half round top, enough wood to build a chicken coop and probably a small out building on our homestead.
This whole experience has only made us more certain that creating a homestead and living as close to the earth as possible, is exactly the right thing for our family.


text:
Last Updated: Wednesday, 6 June 2007, 03:49 GMT 04:49 UK
Canada denies Winnie Mandela visa
Winnie Madikileza-Mandela is a controversial figure
Canada has denied a visa to the South African anti-apartheid activist Winnie Madikizela-Mandela.
The ex-wife of Nelson Mandela was to attend the premiere of an opera about her life - called The Passion of Winnie- in the city of Toronto.
In 1991 she was convicted of kidnapping and being an accessory to murder.
Canadian authorities can refuse entry into the country on the grounds of a criminal record, although it is not clear that has happened in this case.
Her application was turned down a day before she was to arrive in Toronto, for a gala fundraising dinner.
The organisers, the arts group MusicaNoir, said they were devastated and do not know why her visa was withheld.
They said Mrs Madikizela-Mandela's daughter and two security guards did receive visas.
The decision was made by the Canadian High Commission in South Africa.
Canadian immigration officials in Ottawa have not given any reason why the visa application was denied.
MusicaNoir pointed out that Mrs Madikizela-Mandela was permitted to visit the United States two weeks ago to receive an award for her work with Aids organisations.
Known as one of South Africa's most famous anti-apartheid activists, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela is also a controversial figure.
A six-year prison sentence for kidnapping a young activist who was later murdered was suspended on appeal.
In 2003 she was found guilty on charges of fraud and theft.
Winnie joins ex-gang leader plea
07 Dec 05 | Americas
Winnie's exile home to be museum
27 Sep 05 | Africa
Why people still love Winnie
25 Apr 03 | Africa
Winnie: 'Africa's Evita'
TOP AMERICAS STORIES
US lifts lid on WikiLeaks probe
Iran scientist heads home
Argentina legalises gay marriage


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