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Tell the EPA: Delawareans Deserve Clean Air
Delaware's air quality is significantly impacted by pollution traveling downwind from other states. Over 90% of the pollution that contributes to poor air quality in Delaware is transported from out-of-state sources. Delaware filed four petitions with the EPA for relief from this pollution, but the EPA has proposed a denial of our petitions. We are simply asking that the EPA require power plants in upwind states that pollute Delaware's air to run their existing pollution control equipment when the plants are in operation.
Delaware has challenged the EPA to use and enforce tools of the Clean Air Act to reduce transported pollution. Upwind states must do their part to reduce emissions that impact Delaware, and EPA must hold them accountable to submit timely plans that meet Clean Air Act requirements.
Tell the EPA Delawareans deserve clean air.
OP-ED BY GOVERNOR CARNEY: EPA can't let other states pollute Delaware's air
Watching a Blue Rocks game. Sitting by the pool. Walking along the Rehoboth boardwalk. For most of us, that's what summertime means. It's a time of fun and relaxation.
But for the majority of Delawareans with asthma or other breathing problems, summer can be a nightmare. That's because Delaware's air quality ranks among the worst in the country. The real kicker, though, is that 90 percent of that pollution comes from other states.
Delaware has made great strides over the past 30 years in reducing our own emissions.
We've enacted stricter controls on power plants, refineries, and manufacturing sites.
From 2000-2017, Delaware's coal-fired electric generation has been reduced by approximately 90 percent. We've reduced coal-fired power generation to one well-controlled unit in the entire state.
To comply with federal and state air regulations, Delaware electric generators and operators such as Calpine and NRG have spent millions of dollars to control emissions that cause ozone pollution.
But, without help from the Environmental Protection Agency in Washington, we can't move the needle on our air quality. So, we asked the EPA to intervene in the states that are "upwind" from Delaware – where all our air pollution is coming from.
Continue Reading Op-Ed
DNREC to hold public meeting July 16 on EPA's proposed denial of Delaware's Clean Air Act petitions to reduce air pollution originating elsewhere from coming into the state
EPA public hearing on EPA's proposed denial of Delaware's Clean Air Act Petitions (located in Washington, DC) – Testimony by David Fees, Acting Director, Division of Air Quality for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control
DNREC wants EPA public hearing moved to Delaware, longer public comment period for EPA's proposed Clean Air Act denial
Governor Carney: EPA can't let other states pollute Delaware's air
Delaware to Sue U.S. EPA for Failure to Curb Out-of-State Air Pollution
Governor Carney, Congressional Delegation Oppose Trump Administration on Clean Air Ruling
DNREC files a third Clean Air Act petition with US EPA to reduce cross-state air pollution, targeting another coal-fired Pa. power plant
DNREC files another Clean Air Act petition with EPA to reduce upwind-sourced pollution emissions, this time targeting coal-fired West Virginia power plant
DNREC takes action to thwart 'upwind states' from transporting air pollution into Delaware, which brings with it a wide range of public health problems
Delaware, seven other Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states seek to curb pollution from upwind states
Delaware's air quality ranks among the worst in the country. But 90 percent of the pollution that contributes to poor air quality in Delaware comes from other states.
For the 19th year in a row, New Castle County received an 'F' for clean air. During summer months, ozone levels are at the highest. This can make summer a nightmare for Delawareans with asthma or other breathing problems.
Delaware has made great strides over the past 30 years in reducing our own emissions:
Enacted stricter controls on power plants, refineries, and manufacturing sites.
From 2000-2017, Delaware's coal-fired electric generation has been reduced by approximately 90 percent.
Delaware electric generators and operators have spent millions of dollars to control emissions that cause ozone pollution
Delaware asked the EPA to intervene in the states that are "upwind" from Delaware – where most of our air pollution is coming from – under the authority of the Clean Air Act. Most of the power plants in these upwind states have pollution control technology. But sometimes, the plants don't turn the technology on. Delaware asked the EPA to require these power plants to run their pollution control equipment any time the plants are in operation, and especially during the summer months, when ozone levels are the highest.
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text:
On 1941 Dec 7, could Japan have targeted the Panama Canal instead of Pearl Harbor in a surprise attack?
This question comes from a slightly related one.
At the time of WW2, most US industry was on the East Coast, including all of the shipbuilding for Carriers and Battleships. If the Panama Canal went down, it would greatly reduce the logistics of the US Navy in the Pacific.
So I want to know, did the Japanese Navy have the ability to destroy it in a surprise attack, let's say on 1941 Dec 7?
What I know so far:
The Panama Canal has 6 water locks per lane. The locks have concrete walls but hollow steel gates, as per this documentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-CaBIKTl4M , at 1:11:00 you can see they are a hollow frame. 1 bomb or torpedo will probably blow a hole in it, though it might not be enough to instantly drain the locks.
Japanese Dive Bombers had the training, as evidenced by the many carrier hits they got in early WW2 (Coral Sea, Midway.) Note, I'm talking about hits, not necessarily kills. I reviewed those two battles and many times, the US Carriers got hit but survived (US Carriers seem a lot more stalwart than Japanese Carriers at that time). I'm only trying to point out that Japanese Dive Bombers seemed to have good training and accuracy.
Edit: The Panama Canal Locks are powered by the Gatun Hydroelectric Dam. Maybe all you need to do is smash that dam, and the locks are suddenly worthless. I do not know for sure how long it takes to repair a hydroelectric dam, but it has to be on the order of months. From reading about bouncing bombs going after dams in Germany, they appear to be significant logistical targets.
The Doolittle Raid (made by America) got 2 carriers, 4 cruisers, and 8 destroyers very close to Japan before being detected, and that was when they were already at war (1942 Apr 18).
Japan actually designed and built some submarine aircraft carriers meant to raid the Panama Canal, so apparently they believed the Canal's defenses were not good enough to stop an aerial attack.
The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor IRL was a total surprise, despite seeing airplanes on radar.
What I don't know:
what AA defenses the Canal had at that time.
what range and endurance a Japanese Naval Group had.
possibly other things that make it impossible or unlikely.
I'm trying to keep this specific so it doesn't get closed as too broad or too opinion based. I'm asking if the Japanese Navy had the ability. I'm not asking if it was a viable strategy or sound war plan.
united-states world-war-two japan naval ww2-pacific-theater
Rodrigo de Azevedo
DrZ214DrZ214
While there's an obvious point to destroying the US fleet, what would be the tactical or strategic point in destroying the Canal alone? The US had adequate rail transport for goods, munitions, and fuel. Moving ships from the Atlantic to the Pacific by going around South America would take a bit longer, but not that much when you consider construction times. It might have made sense to hit the Canal in addition to Pearl, but I doubt the Japanese had the capability to do both effectively.
– jamesqf
Besides, my understanding is that the Japanese hoped the destruction of the fleet at Pearl would keep the US from entering the war against them. From that point of view, there'd be no point to hitting the Canal as well.
@jamesqf I never said this was an entire warplan involving destroying the Canal alone. I'm just looking at it as an individual target. It's strategic importance is obvious. Going around takes a LOT longer, I believe 1.5 months. There may also be a Northwest Passage above Canada, but only open a few months in summer and probably taking a similar amount of time. Disabling the Canal would temporarily split up the US Fleet and probably force part of the Pacific Fleet to guard the Canal in the future.
– DrZ214
But here's my broader point: we could argue all day about how bad (or not) the loss of the Canal would really be, but the OP question is, Does Japan have the ability? I don't wanna get into Canal vs Pearl Harbor, or Canal vs something else either. I tried to specify the scope of this question to, does Japan have the ability to destroy the Canal in a sneak attack before war is declared? Otherwise it'd proly be too broad or too hypothetical.
@user14394 "You can't attack Pearl Harbor without a plan for a follow on attack against the Panama Canal." Buh? The Japanese did exactly that. You can claim that it's a bad idea, but claiming that you "can't do" something that manifestly was done makes no sense.
So I want to know, did the Japanese Navy have the ability to destroy it in a surprise attack, let's say on 1941 Dec 7? I'm asking if the Japanese Navy had the ability. I'm not asking if it was a viable strategy or sound war plan.
Well, you're getting both. :) Evaluating it as a war plan is WAY more interesting.
Yes, but...
It would be fixed in six months.
Shipping can still go around South America.
They'd have a hell of a time getting there.
They'd have an even worse time getting back.
They'd have to face the wrath of the intact US Pacific Fleet.
They'd hand the US a golden opportunity to destroy the IJN piecemeal.
All their fleet carriers are out of the first months of the war.
To keep this away from a "what if" answer, I'll lay out the problem in more detail in comparison to the already audacious Pearl Harbor attack, and its knock-on effects even if successful.
First, let's have a good look at the fleet which attacked Pearl Harbor. It wasn't just a few carriers, it was ALL their fleet carriers. And they needed a large support fleet of battleships, cruisers, destroyers, submarines, tankers, and supply vessels. This will become very important because of the range involved.
6 fleet carriers (all they had)
409 ready aircraft + spares
2 Kongō class battleships (converted WWI battlecruisers)
2 Tone class heavy cruisers
1 Nagara class light cruiser
11 destroyers
30 fleet submarines
5 midget submarines
8 tankers (all impressed civilian ships)
The submarines were for long range scouting and screening. The destroyers for short range and anti-submarine work. Their surface protection was paltry against the US fleet.
Tokyo to Pearl Harbor is about a 7500 nmi round trip... in a straight line. The Japanese took a circumlocutious route, avoiding shipping lanes, to avoid detection on the way out and back. All in all it took them 28 days.
Tokyo to Panama is twice the distance and twice the time. As we'll see it's likely 20,000 nmi to avoid detection and over two months in transit. Just getting there will be a serious challenge.
How Do You Get There Undetected?
Twice the time in transit means twice the chance of detection. It means twice the chance of someone screwing up and sending a radio message. It gets worse.
Let's start by looking at the shipping lanes at the time.
On their way to Pearl Harbor, the fleet took a northern route weathering rough winter seas to avoid major shipping lanes. They kept radio silence for two weeks and had a screen of thirty submarines.
But getting from Tokyo to Panama requires crossing sea lanes, there's no way around it. The fleet certainly won't risk traveling between Hawaii and the US West Coast. It must move through the island-dotted Central Pacific where it's at risk of being spotted by any number of merchant ships moving between the Americas and Asia.
I've estimated the distance using the Great Circle Distance going from Tokyo, Japan -> Majuro Atoll, Marshall Islands -> Pape'ete, French Polynesia -> Panama City, Panama at nearly 10,000 nmi one way. So 20,000 nmi round trip. Plus zig-zagging to avoid submarines on the return.
How Do You Fuel All That?
The vessels in that fleet have ranges from 5000 nmi (destroyers) to 10,000 nmi (some of the carriers, and both battleships) to 15,000 nmi (submarines). With a round trip of at least 20,000 nmi due to the Central Pacific route, that means refueling at sea. A lot.
Fortunately the IJN knew how to refuel even in heavy seas, something the US thought only they could do, but it's always a risky proposition. They did it for the Pearl Harbor attack, but to get to Panama means twice the number of refuelings, twice the risk, and twice the number of oilers.
And they had to do it all in radio silence lest they be detected.
Unfortunately Japan was so sorely pressed for oilers they impressed merchant ships for the role. All 8 tankers for the Pearl Harbor fleet were impressed merchant ships. To get to Panama they need to find 8 more or leave half the fleet at home.
Since the canal locks are a smaller target than the sprawling naval base and fleet at Pearl Harbor, it's possible they would leave half the fleet at home. Perhaps the two shorter ranged Zuihō class carriers making them available for other strikes at the start of the war.
Our fleet has, somehow, safely arrived undetected and is now a few hundred miles from the Panama Canal. Now what?
The US was already well aware that the Canal was a target and had significantly beefed up their defenses, even against air attack... but it was incomplete on Dec 7th.
For defense against surface attack, the Canal was defended by heavy coastal defense batteries that would give a Kongō class battlecruiser a seriously hard time. So no surface attack was likely. As at Pearl Harbor, it would be from the air.
The Pacific end of the Canal had an SCR-271 radar set, the same at Pearl Harbor and the Philippines. While it successfully detected Japanese air attacks on Pearl Harbor and the Philippines, it was so poorly understood and poorly integrated into the air defense that the detection was ignored. There's no reason to believe it wouldn't also happen in Panama.
For air defense, Panama had 24 Pursuit planes, mostly P-36 Hawks and P-40 Warhawks. These are the same aircraft as Pearl Harbor, and both inferior to the Japanese Zero. As at Pearl Harbor, they'd probably get caught on the ground. They also had various anti-aircraft guns, definitely the 37mm Gun M1, but it was deemed inadequate.
Only two detectors were installed and in operation in the Panama Canal Department. The harbor defenses had less than one complete manning detail available. The anti-aircraft artillery had insufficient personnel to man the armament being installed in the Canal Zone and only enough ammunition for one minute of fire per gun for the 37-mm. guns. There were no barrage balloons.
There's no reason to believe the Panama Canal defenders would fare any better than Pearl Harbor.
The Damage: Six Months
With surprise, superior aircraft, and in larger quantity the Japanese would have total air superiority. With their large quantity of strike aircraft and skill at dive bombing it's a near certainty that both locks would be hit and disabled. They could even be torpedoed. The planners of the I-400 attack estimated this would put the locks out of operation for six months.
A team of three shipping engineers studied the documents and concluded that the locks at Miraflores on the Pacific side were the most vulnerable to aerial bombing, but the Gatun locks on the Atlantic side offered a chance of causing greater damage, since it would be harder to halt any outflow of water. They estimated the Canal would be unusable for at least six months following a successful attack on the locks.
But this doesn't cut off shipping between the East and West coasts. It does mean they have to go around South America adding thousands of miles and weeks to the trip.
This also doesn't cut off supply between the East and West coasts, the US has an extensive rail system to draw on.
What About Gatun Dam?
27 Million Tonnes of Earth and Concrete Doesn't Care About Your 800 kg bomb.
(Technically that's the entire dam, not just the concrete spillway dam... just forgive me this bit of hyperbole.)
Gatun Dam holds back the Chagres River creating Gatun Lake which ships transit going from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It's a very tempting target to do longer term damage to the canal. Could a Japanese carrier air strike breech the dam?
No. It's not like in the movies... unless that movie is Dambusters. Damaging a dam is really hard. Bombing a dam is even harder. Why? Looks easy. Just look at that huge target!
The problem is if you just drop a bomb on a hard surface, like the armor of a ship or a concrete dam or the ground, most of the explosion simply reflects into the air. The Allies found this much to their annoyance trying to damage the much smaller U-Boat Submarine Pens.
To do more than chip at it you have two options. First is to penetrate deeply before exploding. Then the force of the explosion is fully transmitted to the surrounding concrete. The Allies developed bombs like the 5400 kg, 6.4 meter long Tallboy. Cast from a single piece of high tensile steel, it had to be dropped from 5.5 km to allow it to reach terminal velocity and penetrate 5 m of concrete delivering 2400 kg of extremely potent Torpex explosive.
The Japanese had nothing like this in Dec 1941, nor could a carrier bomber carry it. The closest bomb they had was the 800 kg Number 80 designed to take out small bunkers. It was capable of penetrating 0.4 m of concrete, not even enough to bury the 2.8 m long bomb, and delivered 380 kg of Shimose Powder. A B5N torpedo bomber could carry one.
But a dam wall is practically vertical, so the bomb would hit it at a high angle and just skip off.
The second way is to press the bomb against the dam underwater and then explode it. Water is incompressible and so the explosive shock will translate to the concrete. The trick is to get it right up against the dam, otherwise that same incompressible water will shield the dam from the blast. This is why depth charges had a "kill range" measured in meters. This is further complicated by the presence of torpedo nets (I'm not 100% sure the dam was covered with torpedo nets, but the locks were) which will also stop a bomb or torpedo moving through the water towards the dam. WWII bombing techniques, even dive bombing stationary target, was not accurate enough.
This was solved, after much work, for Operation Chastise aka the Dambusters raid. It used a special spinning, bouncing depth charge called Upkeep that could skip across the water, hit the dam, roll down it, and explode at the bottom right up against the dam.
The Japanese had no such bomb, didn't have the aircraft to carry it, and didn't have the expertise to develop it. Upkeep weighed 4000 kg and delivered 3000 kg of Torpex. Japanese carrier based bombers were limited to 800kg. Japanese overlooked anti-submarine warfare, much to their great loss, and their depth charges stank. The available Type 1 Number 25 air dropped depth-charge carried just 140 kg of explosive.
...but a spillway gate might care about a few torpedoes.
Torpedoes were an option, if there were no torpedo nets. Not the dam itself, but the metal gates at the top used to control the water were vulnerable. During the Korean War, Hwacheon Dam was attacked by bombs and torpedoes disabling the gates.
This won't produce a catastrophic failure, but it will make the gates inoperable and might flood the lake causing additional problems and more things to fix.
Getting Home
The IJN kicked the hornet's nest. Now they need to get home.
If they're smart they refueled just before the attack, but now they're over 8000 nmi from home and will need to refuel at least once, probably twice, slowing them down and making them vulnerable.
After Pearl Harbor they left a shattered US Pacific fleet behind them, but still the US Navy searched. After Panama they have the intact and superior US Pacific fleet in front of them. And the US admirals are drooling at the opportunity they've been handed.
Tsushima Reversed
When faced with a fleet of roughly equal power to their own, a commander will try to attack it piecemeal. During WWI both Britain and Germany tried to trick the other into splitting their fleet so each piece could be overwhelmed. The Japanese, looking to repeat the success of Tsushima, had Kantai Kessen which would whittle the US fleet down with submarines and air attacks as it raced to defend the Philippines.
Now the Japanese navy had split itself. Its carriers, with an inadequate surface screen, were 8000 miles away from the rest of their fleet and busy kicking off the rest of the Pacific war. They'd be slowed by their merchant oilers and their need to conserve fuel for the long journey home. They'd been at sea for a month possibly needing repair.
The bulk of the US fleet would wait while US submarines, destroyers, and long range maritime patrol aircraft searched for the returning Japanese fleet. And the Japanese would have no choice but to run this gauntlet. Once found, it would be their turn to be whittled down.
The primary target for these attacks would be not the warships, but the oilers. So far away from home, the US knew they would need to refuel. Attacking the slow, vulnerable oilers would leave the Japanese fleet low on fuel. They'd have to slow, reduce their zig-zagging, and take a more direct and predictable route home giving the US more opportunities to attack. The US Pacific Fleet would serve to block their path.
Finally, with the Japanese fleet harried, damaged, low on fuel, and reduced, the intact US Pacific Fleet of 9 battleships, 20 cruisers, 3 aircraft carriers, and dozens of destroyers would attack and destroy the cream of the Japanese Navy.
This is what the Japanese had left ready to fight on Dec 7, 1941.
3 light carriers
2 Zuihō light carriers
Ryūjō
8 WWI vintage battleships (2 each of Kongō, Fusō, Ise, and Nagato)
16 Heavy Cruisers
19 Light Cruisers
And this is what the US Pacific Fleet had.
9 Battleships (some WWI)
3 Fleet Carriers
8 Light Cruisers
With the Canal knocked out it would slow, but not stop, the flood of ships from the Atlantic including 3 battleships, 2 fleet carriers, and any number of cruisers.
With the Japanese Navy taking on both the US and British navies, this would be sufficient to defend the Philippines leaving the US with a base deep in Japanese territory. The Pacific War would go down something more like expected in War Plan Orange.
University of Texas Libraries Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection
Guarding The United States and Its Outposts chapters XII and XIII.
Biennial Reports of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army July 1, 1939 to June 30, 1941 to the Secretary of War
Surface Distance Between Two Points of Latitude and Longitude
Target Report - Japanese Bombs US Naval Technical Mission To Japan
The Panama Canal by Frederic J. Haskin
The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
Imperial Japanese Navy Page
SchwernSchwern
One would think that the planners of the Pearl Harbor attacked would have also considered a covert submarine mission to the Panama Canal. To do that the IJN would have had to have an early requirement for a submarine tanker and cargo ship. Such a submarine was planned and built in 1942 and 1943, but it was to be used to support long-range sea planes. Two were built and production was stopped because Japanese sea control had shrunk significantly after the Battle of Midway, and the need to refuel sea planes at distant locations had ceased.
– Bruce James
@Schwern - No, I was thinking of the I-351 class submarine.
Note also that the route taken was specifically chosen to take advantage of the fog at those latitudes at that time of year. The much more southerly route to Panama would not have given them that additional cover.
– MickeyfAgain_BeforeExitOfSO
In re-reading, an additional point comes to mind. The U.S. had good information on when the fleet carriers arrived in and departed port in Japan. Disappearing completely for a period > 3 or 4 weeks really narrows the possible targets, because very little of strategic importance is that far from Japan.
– Pieter Geerkens
The Canal is 8400 miles from Tokyo, compared to 4000 miles for Pearl Harbour. The Japanese carriers are stated of having a range of 10,000 miles at a cruising speed of about 16 knots, but remember that drag varies as the square of speed. Under battle conditions at speeds approaching 30 knots range would have shrunk to barely a quarter of that.
For a mission that far east of Pearl one must consider the entire sail back as being under battle conditions, potentially requiring not only a refuel upon approaching the target but 3, 4, or even 5 refuels on the way back, depending on how close to Pearl one dares venture. (Note that the great circle route from Panama to Tokyo goes right over Pearl.) Those tankers barely achieve 16 knots, so must be wandering around in the Eastern Pacific for a long time before and after the attack. To destroy this carrier force all that is necessary is to destroy one of the refueling flotillas.
Plus, the entire return mission probably needs to be performed under radio silence - note how a single poorly timed radio message ended the Bismarck's career earlier that year.
Couple the dangers of the mission with the difficulties of destroying, or even significantly damaging, the locks and gates of the canal, and the chances of the attack being successful are very low.
One note - it is probably better to sink vessels in the canal locks, turning them into sunken hulks, rather that the locks themselves. Several such sinkings would disable the locks for some time with a far better success rate than directly attacking the canal infrastructure.
This map of the North Pacific from Tokyo to Panama (red x's) shows a likely route from Japan to Panama that attempts to stay away from U.S. (and friendly)possessions. The busy sea and air routes from Vancouver and San Diego (and thus also San Francisco and Los Angeles) to Pearl are enclosed by the black lines. Note the distance, and thus time, spent east of Pearl.
Any attempt to approach Panama through the South Pacific is almost 3,000 miles longer, with consequent additional fuel requirements, plus the additional danger of being spotted wandering through Polynesia and Micro-/Mela-nesia while being hunted.
The actual attack on Pearl was launched while the Japanese carriers were somewhat west of the northernmost black line, about half way between its intersection with the blue line and Pearl.
Pieter GeerkensPieter Geerkens
One note - it is probably better to sink vessels in the canal locks, turning them into sunken hulks, rather that the locks themselves. I had similar thoughts but rejected the idea. The Panama Canal at that time had 2 or 3 lanes of locks. I do not know if all those lanes were ever in use at one time, but I doubt it. If at least 1 lane remains open, your attack basically accomplished nothing. Even if you wanted to, you would need precise intel on exactly when and what ships were using the Canal at the right time. I don't think that's feasible for planning a strike 8000 miles away.
+1 for the rest of your details. I'm making an edit to the OP because I recently discovered the Gatun Dam, a hydroelectric dam that provides electricity for the locks. Destroying the dam alone might put the whole thing out of business for half a year.
@DrZ214: The Japanese never had the technology to successfully breach a large dam from the air (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Chastise): "Wallis's breakthrough was to overcome this obstacle. A drum-shaped bomb — essentially a specially designed, heavy depth charge — spinning backwards at over 500 rpm, and dropped at a sufficiently low altitude at the correct speed and release point, would skip for a significant distance over the surface of the water in a series of bounces before reaching the dam wall.".
I'm not sure I can believe that. A dive bomb attack using simple but large depth charges, set to detonate at a certain depth, could almost surely have gotten the job done. I thought the spinning bouncing bombs were invented to let the pilot release at a distance and not get too close to the Dam and the AA guns there. Alternatively, you could torpedo bomb the Gatun Dam. But I do not know how big or thick that Dam is. Wikipedia describes the Gatun Dam and an "earthen dam" or "embankmen dam", but does not specific its exact construction.
The Gatun Dam is almost 400 metres thick at water level, and seem to be larger than any of the dams attacked in Operation Chastise. The point of the bouncing bomb was that it bypassed anti-torpedo nets in the reservoirs, but it was also large, at 9,250lb, with 6,000lb of explosive. The Japanese carrier-based strike aircraft are limited to much smaller loads. I think this dam is probably too big for them to destroy.
– John Dallman
Destroying those locks is going to be harder than you think. They are very large, at 110 feet x 1,050 feet, and the lock gates have to have been built to stand up to accidental collisions with large ships (at low speed, admittedly). They weigh up to 730 tons, depending on their height.
The best way to make the attack seems to be to use anti-ship torpedoes to attack the lock gates, dropping them into the locks, or the canal outside the locks. This needs to be done in a carefully organised way, because if one lane remains operational, the canal is still very useful.
Edit: The reason for using torpedoes is that they make it relatively easy to get an explosion in contact with the lock gate, which is hollow and can thus be flooded and made immovable until it is repaired and pumped out. Doing that with dive bombing is chancy: aviators always overstate their accuracy, and dive bombers could often miss ships entirely.
The correct gates to attack seem to be the downstream gates at the Pedro Miguel locks. Here, there is only a single lock in each lane, so there's less scope for aircraft attacking the wrong gate. You want to hit the downstream gates because there are two sets of upstream gates in each lane, as a precaution against floods.
If the downstream Pedro Miguel gates are destroyed, the canal remains usable, for smaller ships, because of the auxiliary gates half-way along each lock. Since those are normally retracted, attacking them is much more difficult.
The Japanese had the ability to refuel at sea, so they could have got some ships into position to make that attack. They probably could not have staged the entire Pearl Harbour task force out there, but nor would it have been necessary. The defences of the Pacific end of the canal don't seem to be all that strong. There is an infantry regiment, a coastal artillery regiment and an additional artillery battery. The Air Corps had a composite wing with 28 medium and 14 light bombers and 24 fighters.
The big risk of the mission is getting the attack force back afterwards. It will be thoroughly clear who has made the attack, and an intact US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbour is in an excellent position to cut off the Japanese force and destroy it.
I don't think the Japanese would have given the canal high enough priority to take that risk, given its limited practical effect and that they always concentrated on attacking military forces and neglected attacks on USN logistics throughout the war.
Edit: I also don't think they would have thrown away a pair of carriers (you need to send two so that an accident doesn't abort the whole mission) and their escorts and aircrew as the opening shot of a war. They didn't engage in suicide tactics until they were clearly loosing and the situation was desperate.
Yes, the return trip might be the biggest risk. After the surprise is over, it's still a long way back home. I had ideas of a full kamikaze attack, where even the carrier goes on a one-way mission. That would keep the force small, allowing a simultaneous and much larger attack on Pearl Harbor. Pretty ambitious, but if we're gonna use hindsight, might as well use it all the way. +1 for the details. Only 24 fighters at Panama Canal? Do you have a source? I wanna make sure this is the force that existed as of 1941 Dec 7. I also wanna know what AA guns, including flak guns, might be there.
BTW, the reason I thought the locks were so vulnerable to simple bombs is because I researched torpedoes of WW2. This led me to understanding that the best torpedo explosion is underneath the ship, not impacting the side of the hull. The shockwave in water is pretty powerful. But it looks like those locks were very thick and strong.
Edited responses to those points into the answer. Under-hull explosions are indeed more damaging, but making them happen reliably was a little beyond WWII technology. Most effective torpedo attacks during the war were hitting the side.
Thanks but that link does not appear to have info on AA guns. Speaking of torpedo attacks, I just checked the map and the Pacific Locks appear too embedded in the gulf for a traditional sub attack.
No, I haven't found any info on AA guns yet. Trying to sneak a sub in there does look hard.
Canal locks may be much harder to destroy than you think. Ships can catch fire and they can sink. Canal locks won't do either.
As kind-of-evidence for this assertion, consider the St. Nazaire Raid. The Allies decided that they'd have to ram the gates of a dry dock with an explosives-filled destroyer. At the time, they had much heavier aviation at their disposal than the Japanese Navy.
You might also consider the Dambuster raids for a similar target.
Probably the Japanese would not have targeted the locks themselves, but instead attempt to block the canal by sinking sh8ps at the Pacific entrance to the canal. It would have only delayed the transfer of Naval vessels to the Pacific Fleet, but the purpose of the Pearl Harbor attack was also to delay the USA's ability to respond.
Destroying the Panama Canal would have been extremely difficult and provide limited benefit. Many historians believe the Japanese wrongly targeted destroyers and battleships at Pearl Harbor, mostly due to the fact they thought they would play a more important role than submarines and aircraft carriers. They even neglected to disable the naval repair yards and oil reserves, which proved fatal, as the Pacfic Fleet was repaired in record time and faced no oil-supply shortages after the attack.
Attack on Pearl Harbor: Strategic Implications
self.nameself.name
If that's true "why use Aircraft Carriers." And I'll tell you why..."the Old Fogies at running the US Navy hated Aircraft Carriers...and Submarines too." So the simple solution to this problem is...
The Japanese weren't "out" to destroy the Panama Canal. More to the point, they weren't even out to destroy Pearl Harbor (although they could have done so, in effect, with follow up attacks on the docks and fuel tanks).
What the Japanese wanted to do was to destroy or "cripple" the U.S.Pacific fleet, thereby setting back America's war effort by two years. And this fleet lay at Pearl Harbor, which is why Pearl was the target. By the time the U.S. fleet was rebuilt in mid to late 1943, Japan hoped to have completed its defense perimeter, including Midway, and the Fiji, Samoan, and New Caledonian Islands off Australia. They actually got about 90% of what they wanted.
They didn't count on American "persistence" (the main Pacific effort didn't begin until the fall of 1943, on the Japanese timetable). Nor did they expect America to get a "head start" by waging a war of attrition in the year before then.
As other posters have pointed out, the Panama Canal was twice the distance (or more) from Japan as Pearl Harbor. Destroying it without "catching" the American fleet would have been a highly risky affair for the Japanese fleet on the way back. Instead, Japan actually achieved most of its "stated" goal at minimum risk.
The fleet at Pearl was not the whole US fleet. There was also the Atlantic Fleet. In the event of war with Japan, Japan could expect the US to reinforce its Pacific Fleet with portions of its Atlantic Fleet and thus be outnumbered. Plus troops, supplies, and support vessels would all use the Canal to supplement existing rail lines to supply the Pacific War. The US's two-ocean navy was a serious problem for Japan, and they did not plan on Germany declaring war.
– Schwern
@Schwern: The U.S. had 15 battleships, and 6 aircraft carriers between the Atlantic and Pacific. The Japanese had 11 battleships and 11 aircraft carriers (they were allowed 9 of each under the 5-5-3 treaty but they overbuilt their quota). Six battleships were put out of action at Pearl. That left 9 battleships and 6 aircraft carriers in both oceans against 11 of each for Japan.
– Tom Au
@TomAu The USN actually had 17 battleships in commission at the time, although I'm not sure how battleworthy the newest two were at that time. Aircraft carriers were not restricted by number in the Washington Naval Treaty, but by total displacement tonnage, and the Japanese had built additional ships after renouncing the treaty. All battleships at Pearl Harbor were damaged to some extent, but four were ready for battle fairly shortly, leaving two as complete losses, one rejoining in late 1943, and two in 1944.
– David Thornley
I think the Janpanese could have used a merchant ship in disguise loaded with tons of explosives. They would enter the canal and blow the whole thing just at the locks, destroy the locks and block the canal. Maybe they would use 2 or even 3 ships. This would simply avoid all logistic problems of a large navy raid and keep their naval battle force instact. No chance for the US navy to catch anything on the retreat...Just think St.Nazaire a little bigger.
Klaus BaumKlaus Baum
This would benefit from sources. As stated it appears to be opinion. I suspect such an action would have been illegal.
@MarkC.Wallace: Yes, it would benefit from sources, and yes it appears to be opinion. But... illegal? Like in, more "illegal" than the attack on Pearl Harbor?
– DevSolar
Attack on Pearl was military ships on a military target. Attacks out of uniform are generally illegal. IANAL; my point was to highlight the difference between a researched answer and a simple opinion.
@MarkC.Wallace If Imperial Japan demonstrated anything quite clearly, it's that they didn't care about legality. Naval tradition (not sure about international law) is full of false flag operations; so long as they hoist their true flag before opening hostilities.
Though I don't have specifics on their search procedures, the canal zone was already on high alert for sabotage. Something as obvious as an exploding Japanese merchant ship would be unlikely to succeed, if they were allowed to use the Canal at all. It would also be suicide for the crew. While later Japan would employ suicide as part of their plans, they were not doing so in 1941.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged united-states world-war-two japan naval ww2-pacific-theater or ask your own question.
Why didn't Japan attack the West Coast of the United States during World War II?
During WW2, why did the USA occupy Clipperton Island?
Why was Pearl Harbor selected as the base Japan attacked in December 1941?
Was the attack on Pearl Harbor totally unexpected?
Why didn't Japan take Pearl Harbor when they had the chance?
Before and during WW2, how were war games played?
At Pearl Harbor was a Japanese Third Wave of attack in the original plan or was Nagumo expected to improvise?
Why did the Japanese attack the Aleutians at the same time as Midway?
What WWII fighter raid did my great-uncle misremember?
Could the Japanese garrison at Rabaul have fed itself if it had been spread out over New Britain Island instead of being concentrated at Rabaul?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Our Future / Our Well-being / Understanding Our Neighbors
Leavenworth meetings seek shared vision for residents and businesses
by Rufus Woods · Published March 10, 2020 · Updated March 7, 2020
When Carl Florea campaigned for mayor of Leavenworth, he spent a lot of time talking about the need to build bridges between the business community and residents.
Florea, a former pastor and a driving force behind the development of Upper Valley MEND (Meeting Each Need with Dignity), a nonprofit that continues to serve as a connection point to those in the economic and social margins in the Upper Valley, is making good on his promise.
Leavenworth will soon be launching a series of three community conversations to discuss the community's strengths, its challenges and opportunities.
Leavenworth Mayor Carl Florea
On the first three Mondays in April, he's inviting community members to come together from 6:30-8:30 p.m. at the Icicle River Middle School commons with the goal of developing a sustainable model for a working community.
Florea is calling this effort Leavenworth Improvement For Everyone (LIFE) 2.0, in honor of the original LIFE committee in the 1960s — an effort that led to the adoption of the Bavarian theme that transformed the city into a tourist Mecca.
A growing number of people in the community believe business interests have become more important than maintaining the quality of life for the town's residents. One aspect of that quality of life, in Florea's judgment, is making a conscious effort to address the serious affordable housing issues that is making it difficult for working class people to afford to live where they work.
This emphasis on thinking about the entire community has led to some folks considering Florea anti-business, but he rejects that label. "It has felt like the economic engine (tourism) is a runaway train. We need to get back to where (the residents) are part of that same train," Florea told me. As it stands now, residents and business owners tend to be pointing at each other and saying, "you're the problem," Florea said.
That's why coming together to celebrate successes, talk about the strengths of the valley and the challenges, is critical to developing a shared vision. It begins with talking about a shared vision of what business owners and community members want Leavenworth to look like in 25-30 years. To facilitate these conversations, Mike Nash of Nash Consulting has donated his services to facilitate the dialogue.
One of the challenges in the community is that many working committees are made up of either business owners or residents. That's something that Florea would like to see change, because talking through tough issues together creates better decisions and forces people to acknowledge that there are tradeoffs. Residents need healthy businesses and the businesses need a healthy community.
Parking is one issue that Florea is committed to addressing. The city has already decided to meter parking in the downtown core to prevent people from parking on the street all day. The city will also need to take some steps to lessen the impact of that decision on residents, he said.
The city has in the past not asked businesses for fees that would mitigate impacts on the community, but Florea thinks that would be a smart move.
What I appreciate about Florea's thinking is that he sees businesses and residents as part of one community rather than as separate constituencies. This sense of separation was, I believe, a key driver in the acrimony over the Adventure Park proposal.
It is my fervent hope that business owners and community residents will take this opportunity to celebrate the great achievements of Leavenworth and lean into its challenges and craft a shared vision for the future.
It doesn't have to be businesses vs. residents. It takes both to be a community.
An exciting community-based vision for Kiwanis Methow Park emerges
by Rufus Woods · Published July 14, 2016 · Last modified July 15, 2016
Podcast Episode 42: Lisa Bradshaw's DON'T WAIT Project tour set to launch March 16
by Rufus Woods · Published March 9, 2018
Living Into Inclusivity: Our second conversation will focus on the insightful work of Resmaa Menakem
by Rufus Woods · Published September 18, 2020
Next story The COVID-19 crisis is our Apollo 13 moment
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Thread: Remains of Suspected Migrant Found in West Texas Desert near Border
Scott-in-FL
Remains of Suspected Migrant Found in West Texas Desert near Border
by RANDY CLARK 6 Dec 2021
Deer hunters happened upon the gruesome sight of decomposing human remains as they moved through a remote desert region in West Texas on Sunday. The hunters summoned Culberson County Sheriff's Office from Van Horn, Texas, after discovering the badly decomposed human remains lying on the desert floor.
Responding deputies recovered the mostly skeletal remains. The death of the suspected migrant will be added to the total of unattended migrant deaths the department deals with during the current border crisis.
Deputies located a wallet containing a Mexican identification card that may indicate the deceased is a migrant from the neighboring Mexican state of Chihuahua. Due to the advanced state of decomposition, the decedent's identity will be verified through DNA tests. So far, 25 unattended migrant death cases have been investigated by Culberson County Sheriff's deputies since February.
Culberson County is the fifth-largest county in Texas and one of the most sparsely populated with less than one inhabitant per square mile. The sheer size of the county means most migrants crossing the border through the county will need to walk for days through a dry desert environment to avoid apprehension. In addition to serving the law enforcement needs of residents, the county also must bear the expense of dealing with the increasing migrant deaths the sheriff's office must investigate.
The recovery, transportation, autopsy, DNA testing, toxicology tests, and final funeral costs related to the investigations all fall on the local taxpayers. On many occasions, according to Culberson County Sheriff Oscar Carrillo, the migrants are stripped of all identification by human smugglers leaving only DNA testing and fingerprint examination as clues to identify the deceased. The migrant remains usually lie in refrigerated storage pending a decision by local authorities to cremate — a costly reality for the county and the migrants who have perished.
The task of searching the more than 3,800 square miles of the county when migrant disappearances are reported is daunting. To aid in searches, Carrillo has partnered with Aguilas Del Desierto, or "Angels of the Desert," a non-profit search and rescue group from San Diego, California. The group, consisting of volunteers from several southwest border states, routinely assists the county in attempts to locate missing migrants in the region.
Remains of Suspected Migrant Found in West Texas Desert near Border (breitbart.com)
Hand the remains and wallet to Mexican authorities. Let Mexico PAY the costs of DNA tests and finding their relatives.
U.S. taxpayers should not bear the burden of these unsurmountable costs of illegal, criminal trespassing into our country.
TO BECOME AN AMERICAN YOU MUST CHANGE YOUR VALUES ...NOT YOUR LOCATION
STAY HOME AND BUILD AMERICA ON YOUR SOIL
Deported Rapist, Criminal Migrants, Found in Large Migrant Group near Border in West
By Scott-in-FL in forum illegal immigration News Stories & Reports
West Texas is Getting Pummeled by Latest Migrant Surge at the Border
Fake Migrant Family Units Found in Arizona Desert near Border
GRAPHIC: Remains of 5 Migrants Found in Texas County 80 Miles from Border
By Beezer in forum illegal immigration News Stories & Reports
Remains of eight people found in Sonora desert
By JohnDoe2 in forum illegal immigration News Stories & Reports


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A former spokesman for her husband said Patreaus was 'not exactly pleased.'
Report: Holly Petraeus 'furious'
By KATIE GLUECK
For Holly Petraeus, "furious would be an understatement" in describing her feelings after her husband of 38 years, Gen. David Petraeus, admitted to an extramarital affair and resigned from his post as director of the CIA, according to a report on Monday.
"Well, as you can imagine, she's not exactly pleased right now," retired U.S. Army Col. Steve Boylan, a former spokesman for Petraeus, told ABC News. "In a conversation with David Petraeus this weekend, he said that, 'Furious would be an understatement.' And I think anyone that's been put in that situation would probably agree. He deeply hurt the family."
Boylan added that Petraeus "first of all, deeply regrets and knows how much pain this has caused his family."
Petraeus resigned from his post Friday, citing an extramarital affair. Reports over the weekend indicated that Paula Broadwell, the woman with whom he had the affair, was the subject of an FBI inquiry after threatening emails sent to one of Petraeus's female friends were traced back to her, news reports said.
Holly Petraeus


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Emmys 2019: 'Game of Thrones' fans say the women 'deserved a win' after award show snubs actresses
Sophie Turner, Maisie Williams, Gwendoline Christie, Emilia Clarke, as well as Lena Headey, deserved a win, Game of Thrones fans think
Emmys 2019: Fans disagree with Game of Thrones' Outstanding Drama Series win, call it a 'pity recognition'
A fan favorite for seven seasons, ratings for 'Game of Thrones' miserably tumbled down with its shoddy series finale and reduced it to a mere meme fest
Emmys 2019: Fans left shocked and disappointed as they mark awards show as worst ever
Fans were not happy about how the Emmy awards took place this year and expressed their disappointment over social media.
Emmys 2019: 'Pose' star Billy Porter creates history, becomes first openly gay man to win award for best Actor in a Drama Series
Porter's essaying of Pray Tell has been praised by critics since the show's launch last year. The first season, for which he was nominated, saw his character being diagnosed with HIV.
Emmys 2019: Fans defend 'Game of Thrones' winning Outstanding Drama Series, celebrating the show's "one last win"
While many were disappointed with the show winning for its final season, longtime fans were happy with 'Game of Thrones' walking away with the big award
Emmys 2019: Jason Bateman wins Outstanding Directing for Drama Series for Netflix's 'Ozark'
The award was given to Jason Bateman for directing the 'Ozark' episode 'Reparations'. A major win for Netflix, this is also Bateman's first Emmy win
Emmys 2019: Fans hail Julia Garner's win for 'Ozark' as she beats four 'GoT' actresses to win Best Supporting Actress
As Julia Garner won the Emmys 2019 trophy of Supporting Actress in a Drama Series, it came as a shock for 'Game of Thrones' fans.
Emmys 2019: Fans of The Big Bang Theory slam 'tiny' 30-second tribute, but others wonder if 'people still watch that show'
With fans on Twitter buzzing with tears, claps, cheers, and criticism alike for the show's tiny little Emmys tribute, the sarcasm and snark were at an all-time high.
Emmys 2019: 'Game of Thrones' fans say Gwendoline Christie was 'robbed' of an Emmy after Julia Garner wins for 'Ozark'
Christie was nominated alongside five other actresses in her category, including her 'Game of Thrones' costars Lena Headey, Sophie Turner, and Maisie Williams.
Emmys 2019: Fans laud Peter Dinklage GoT victory, thrilled by his 'it's over I don't care' statement
The Game of Throne star won his fourth Emmy for his role of Tyrion Lannister and the internet was excited about his win.
Emmys 2019: Julia Garner wins for her role of Ruth Langmore in 'Ozark' and the internet loves it
Garner wins the award against 'Game of Thrones' ladies Sophie Turner, Maisie Williams, Lena Headey and Gwendoline Christie.
Emmys 2019: Peter Dinklage wins Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for a record-breaking fourth time
Dinklage faced stiff competition from two of his fellow Game of Thrones actors — Alfie Allen and Nikolaj Coster-Waldau — for this year's win.
Emmys 2019: 'Succession' writer Jesse Armstrong wins award for Outstanding Writing for Drama Series
Jesse Armstrong created the show based on the real-life media mogul Murdoch family
Emmys 2019: RuPaul's Drag Race star Nina West makes Emmy history by walking the purple carpet in full drag
West finished sixth in the recent eleventh season of Drag Race, with Yvie Oddly emerging as the winner this year.
Emmys 2019: 'Saturday Night Live' wins Outstanding Variety Sketch Series
SNL won the same award in 2017 and 2018. The show holds the record for most Emmy nominations
Emmys 2019: As 'Game of Thrones' cast receive standing ovation, fans recall disastrous season 8
Fans were divided about the cast of 'Game of Thrones' getting a standing ovation as they were not happy about the show's final season and the fact that some of the cast weren't invited on stage
Emmys 2019: Gwendoline Christie channels Jesus in her red and white Gucci gown, sends the internet into meltdown
The 'Game of Thrones' star walked on the red carpet with her Jesus inspired look and twitterers are all for it.
Emmys 2019: 'Chernobyl's superb packaging of history into a thrilling tale make it a frontrunner
There are elements of suspense and horror that are thoroughly fascinating. At the end of the day, the series is also a history lesson which is seamlessly packaged with an ample dose of entertainment
Emmys 2019: 'Game of Thrones' on track to break 'John Adams' win record despite weak final season
The HBO show has already won 10 awards in the Creative Arts categories and a few more wins from its many nominations will see it easily cruise through
Emmys 2019: No major nominations for 'The Big Bang Theory' is a slap in the face of fans
Popular sitcom 'The Big Bang Theory' did not receive any acting nominations for the 71st Primetime Emmy Awards, raising the question of whether it could be the biggest snub of this year's Emmys.
Emmys 2019 predictions: In a sea of 'Game of Thrones' nominations, these other contenders stand a strong chance too
Thrones vs. This is Us, Chernobyl vs. When They See Us and The Marvellous Mrs. Maisel vs. Fleabag - who deserves to win the most?
'Star Wars Resistance' Season 2: Release date, plot, cast, trailer and everything you need to know about the show's final season
Season 2 will be the show's last season and will cover the events of 'Star Wars: The Last Jedi' and lead up to the upcoming film 'Star Wars: Rise of Skywalker'
Emmys 2019: 5 scenes that prove Laura Linney deserves the Outstanding Lead Actress nomination for 'Ozark'
Her performance speaks for itself as she has managed to earn a nomination for almost every role she played, with two Golden Globe Awards and four Primetime Emmy Awards in her kitty and three Academy Awards and four Tony Awards nominations.
'Brooklyn Nine-Nine' star Stephanie Beatriz would be perfect for Marvel's 'She-Hulk' as she can do justice to both personas
Though her strong portrayal of Rosa Diaz is a major reason behind fans wanting her to play She-Hulk, what makes Beatriz really perfect for the role is the fact that she could also do justice to Shulkie's human side, the lawyer Jennifer Walters
Amazon's 'The Lord of the Rings' TV series heads back to New Zealand to bring Middle-earth to life
The decision doesn't really hit up as a surprise considering that New Zealand is closely tied to adaptations of J.R.R. Tolkien's fantasy novels
'The Mandalorian' lead Pedro Pascal won't play Boba Fett but a new 'Star Wars' character makes the Disney+ show more interesting
By not bringing the iconic bounty hunter into the mix, 'The Mandalorian' has a relatively clean slate with which to tell its story and not knowing much about the hero makes the show all the more interesting
Disney+ 'Star Wars' spin-off series 'The Mandalorian' could give 'Clone Wars' hero Ahsoka Tano her live-action debut
Fans have been clamoring to see Ahsoka featured in a live-action film or series for a while now and there have been rumors about the same for years. Rosario Dawson ('Daredevil', 'Luke Cage') is one of the actors who has expressed interest in playing the role
Emmys 2019: Lena Headey locked in a tight race with other 'Game of Thrones' actresses for Supporting Actress in a Drama Series award
While Lena Headey, Sophie Turner, and Maisie Williams have all been nominated for that category earlier, this is the first time for Gwendoline Christie
Biggest Emmys 2019 snubs: Mj Rodriguez, Julia Roberts, 'Glow' and other big names who failed to get the nod this year
To accommodate Game of Thrones' 32 nominations, including one for best writing, some far more deserving candidates were left out in what were the biggest snubs of the 2019 Emmys.
Emmys 2019: 'This is Us' star Sterling K Brown deserves to win the Lead Actor in a Drama Series again
The role not only brought him widespread recognition but also helped him earn the same award in 2017
'New Amsterdam' Season 2: Max definitely survived the crash, but do we have to say goodbye to Dr. Sharpe, Bloom or Georgia?
We know for a fact that Max is alive in season two, and despite his injuries, he will continue to work himself to – quite literally – death for a while
Emmys 2019: Is 'Game of Thrones' worthy of the record 32 nominations for its shoddy series finale
Despite its controversial season eight run, a nomination in the direction department or writing and technical categories is simply a snub for other shows that deserved a spot in its place.
Emmys 2019: With 4 nominations, Phoebe Waller-Bridge could win her first this time
Phoebe Waller-Bridge has four nominations across 'Killing Eve' and 'Fleabag.' She could create history by becoming only the second person and first woman producer to win the awards in two categories the same year.
'The Good Karma Hospital' season 3: Release date, plot, cast and everything you need to know about the medical drama
As with previous seasons, six episodes of 'The Good Karma Hospital' have been commissioned for season three and ITV announced that it will hit the screens on November 11, 2019.
Emmys 2019: Billy Porter, Jharrel Jerome, Phoebe Waller-Bridge and other first-time nominees who deserve to win
Be it Amy Adams as the self-harming reporter in 'Sharp Objects' or Jodie Comer as the Russian psychopath assassin Villanelle - they deserve to win!
Emmys 2019: BBC's 'Bodyguard' sure shot thanks to neatly-crafted plot, brilliant cast performance, and understated British flair
The gritty police thriller probably had one of the best opening scripts in TV history. The opening takes up eleven whole minutes and manages to leave us white-knuckled while at it.
Emmys 2019: Complete list of nominations ahead of the 71st Primetime Emmy Awards ceremony
The immensely popular HBO show 'Game of Thrones', despite its highly criticized final season, tops the list with a whopping 32 nominations
Emmys 2019: Air date, time, host, biggest nominations, and everything you need to know about TV's biggest night
The 2019 Emmys will air live on Fox from the Microsoft Theater in downtown Los Angeles. For those unable to catch the show live on Fox, you can stream it on the network's cable account.
'Arthdal Chronicles' part 3 premiere will likely reveal if Eun-seom escapes and saves Tan-ya by reconnecting with Aramun Haesulla's horse
Eun-seom seemed to give up on living and lost his connection to Aramun Haesulla's horse, which had helped him out of some impossible situations before. It takes a lot of soul-searching for him to decide to finally escape, reach Tan-ya and help her escape from Arthdal
'Peaky Blinders': Did Thomas Shelby really wear Calvin Klein underpants in the sex scene from Season 5 Episode 3?
Lead guitarist Gary Kemp of Spandau Ballet tweeted, 'Tommy Shelby seems to be wearing his Calvin's on tonight's #PeakyBlinders!' alongside a screenshot of Tommy's underwear peeking from under his pants
'The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance' season 1 episode 1 preview: The magical saga in the land of Thra begins with sparks of rebellion all over
'The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance', a prequel to the 1982 Jim Henson movie 'The Dark Crystal', is set to come to Netflix on August 30
'World on Fire': Release date, plot, cast and everything you need to know about BBC's World War II miniseries
The seven-episode season one for BBC revolves around the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and ends with the Battle of Britain
'The Handmaid's Tale' exploits the power of a good backstory in a way 'Euphoria' and 'Stranger Things' don't
Hulu's 'The Handmaid's Tale' is a rare exception that uses a character's backstory to great effect unlike other shows with an over-reliance on social tropes
'The Handmaid's Tale' season 3: 5 reasons why show was disappointing, from mediocre writing and sluggish pace to lack of good subplots
While the finale of 'The Handmaid's Tale' season 3 hit all the right notes, the season itself was a disappointment. Here's why
The Spin-off Strategy: From Arrowverse to 'The Walking Dead', why AMC, ABC and The CW are banking on offshoots to find success
Spin-offs make sense in many ways. There is usually a rabid fan base for the lead character of the new offering. Plus, a deep canon exists that writers can tap into to provide a boost if and when ratings flag.
'Peaky Blinders' Season 5: Love may be on the cards for Aidan Gillen's Aberama Gold and Helen McCrory's Polly Gray
Considering that Aberama Gold and Polly Gray are ideal for each other on 'Peaky Blinders', their chemistry and love dynamics could be the focus this time around.
Netflix's 'The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance' final trailer reveals that the prequel will do justice to Jim Henson's original classic
The Crystal of Truth, the source of untold power at the heart of Thra, is damaged and slowly deteriorating after being corrupted by the evil Skeksis.
'The Crown' season 3 might see 'Game of Thrones' star Charles Dance bring a new side of Lord Louis Mountbatten on screen
While English actor Greg Wise portrayed him in the first two seasons, there is heavy speculation that the 'Game of Thrones' actor, known for his role Tywin Lannister in the series, will now succeed Wise as Lord Mountbatten
Disney+'s 'The Mandalorian': New trailer, release date, plot, cast and everything you need to know about the upcoming 'Star Wars' spin-off
The series, which will be set about five years after the events of 'Star Wars: Return of the Jedi' and before 'Star Wars: The Force Awakens', will follow an unnamed Mandalorian warrior on his adventures across the farthest reaches of the galaxy, far from the reaches of the law
HBO's 'The Nevers': Release date, plot, cast and everything else you need to know about Joss Whedon's Victorian-era sci-fi show
'The Nevers' is an extremely ambitious project that will introduce the world to a group of women living in Victorian England cursed with unusual abilities that both empower them and make them a target for malevolent forces.
Game of Thrones is a sword and sorcery, fantasy series which is heavily based on the works of George R. R. Martin. The show revolves around seven fictional Kingdoms of Westeros and the continent of Essos. The series follows the intricate relationships between the noble families, and their rise and fall from power. The series features an archaic drama with so much backstabbing that it puts shows like ?The Real Housewives? to shame, and is arguably one of the best drama shows of our generation. What?s not to love about dragons, witches, the undead, and an all-star cast whose main aim in life is to one-up his neighbor? With the series premiering back in April 2011, the series has successfully spanned eight years, and Game of Thrones is set to premiere its final season on 14 April 2019 having already given audiences many a sleepless night trying to figure out just who will rule the seven kingdoms and subsequently, the Iron Throne.


The Xavier University of Louisiana Global Awareness Committee is charged with promoting and sustaining outstanding opportunities for students at Xavier to "prepare students to assume roles of leadership and service in a global society" (excerpt from Xavier Mission Statement).
The Global Awareness Committee consists of faculty, students, and administrative staff appointed by the Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs. The Committee serves as an advisory board to the Center for Intercultural and International Programs (CIIP), engages in regularly scheduled strategic planning in the intercultural and international arena and promotes global awareness on campus. Members are appointed on the basis of their interest and expertise in intercultural and international matters. An attempt is made to maintain a membership which is broadly representative of disciplines across the curriculum. The committee meets once a month during the academic year.
To help to assess operations of CIIP and ensure continuing improvements and success. The Global Awareness Committee will meet monthly as a whole and more regularly in subcommittees, including committees on the curriculum, study abroad, international students, visiting scholars, and grants/fundraising. The CIIP Director, will convene the Committee and will consult regularly with the subcommittees. The subcommittees will have their own convener/chair. Please contact Karen Lee, Associate Director if you have questions about the responsibilities of this board.
A. Study Abroad Scholarship Committee. Receives, reviews, and rates applications for study abroad scholarships and fellowships that require the endorsement of the University, such as the Fulbright, Boren, and Rhodes.
B. Intercultural and International Film Series Committee. Selects, screens, and publicizes an intercultural and international film series each semester.
C. Intercultural and International Speakers Committee. Identifies and invites appropriate speakers to campus to address faculty and students on intercultural and international issues.
D. Faculty Development Grants and Fellowships Committee. Conducts an annual faculty competition for the award of small grants for projects that have a demonstrable impact on internationalization the curriculum. Conducts an annual competition for the award of fellowships to attend the Salzburg Seminars.
E. Strategic Planning Committee. Assists the Director of the Center in drafting, reviewing, and updating the university strategic plan for internationalization.


Lille of France goalie, Vincent Enyeama has told Super Eagles coach Gernot Rohr that he would not return to the national team if he is not 100% fit and in good form for the Russia 2018 World Cup.
Enyeama retired from the national team in October 2015 following a squabble with the then coach Sunday Oliseh.
He has been linked with a recall to the Super Eagles for Russia 2018 since Rohr took over as Super Eagles coach.
A top official at the NFF told Complete Sports that Enyeama is willing to return but he has told coach Rohr that he would only make a return to the Super Eagles if he feels fit and good enough to be the first choice for the World Cup.
The official said, "Vincent is working hard to regain his fitness and form before giving his final answer to Rohr on his likely recall to the Super Eagles.
"He wants to merit his recall and not rejoin the team based on emergency. He has resumed training after undergoing surgery and may probably return to action with a new club.
"The former Super Eagles skipper has told Rohr to watch his recovery and invite him only if he is fit and good for a return.


Doblò produced by Fiat, it is the best seller in its class.
Launched to the public in 2000, it is available in many variants both for people and goods transport.
With good driving performance, it is not too bulky but with a regular load platform.
Syncro System group has fitted several racking solutions with drawer and shelving units.
Thanks to its modularity, Syncro system fit easily the contours of vans with the maximum space utilization.
The regular shape of loading area allow to fit a racking 1.268 mm wide on the left and 760 mm on the right, leaving free the entry points and enough loading space in between racking.
Here some other examples of van racking for Fiat Doblò.
Please see on the images the side lining in painted iron sheet and the laminated wooden floor with resin coating. Lining are also available in anodized aluminium and floor in chequered aluminium.
Syncro System ladder racks for Doblo' are provided with the Ultrasilent bars, that minimize vibrations while driving.
Syncro roof rack system is totally modular and can be customized, so that you could fit also ladder slide-out, transport tubes or roof bars only without side panels and loading roller.
In addition to lining, shelving, drawer units and roof racks for Doblo' 2010, you may find in the Syncro product range also a variety of van accessories like hooks, straps, lamps, hand-wash kit, first aid kit, fire-extinguisher holders, cabinet for computers, loading ramps, workbenches with vices.
ALL YOU NEED TO WORK SAFELY AND EFFICENTLY, SAVE TIME AND INCREASE YOUR EFFICIENCY!


I HAVE never written to your paper before but I was incensed after reading Gemma Routledge's letter in your January 9 edition (Trolley bad idea).
I am pleased that Tesco has introduced a trolley charge – now they are returned to the bays and not just abandoned. One only has to look round Huntingdon to see all the abandoned Sainsbury's trolleys.
I suggest Ms Routledge purchases a token for £1 – these are readily available and can be kept on her key ring.
I am fed up with mothers expecting to have 'mother and baby spaces' close to the entrance especially for them. If they want more spaces, let them be at the far reaches of the car park, mothers are usually young and physically fit.
When I had a young baby in the 70s special spaces did not exist, nor did baby car seats or trolleys. Our babies were put in prams on the back seat of the car and we had to get them out as best we could.
I am sorry Ms Routledge's baby was ill but surely if she only wanted to go the pharmacy she could have carried her baby or put it in a pushchair.


Having a lacquered front door not only makes a statement and raises the value of your home but it also makes pass biers stop right in their tracks…which is what we all want, don't we?
Changing the color of your front door can do many great things to your curb appeal. For this post, I intentionally chose to talk about lacquered entry doors simply because it is a bold decision to make and requires a special kind of bravery and likeness.
Lacquer paint gives that very high end, sophisticated and chic look to whatever you choose to paint with it. For me, as a European designer in America, I always love to bring European flare and products into my roster of high quality paints I love to work with and I whole heartedly recommend to my clients.
One of these amazing paint lines that will give your door a high gloss mirrored look are Fine Paints of Europe, specifically the Hollandlac Brilliant line. They are available for purchase on their website from a large variety of colors they offer.
If you decide to paint your door yourself, make sure you carefully research and read on using this paint line , because it does require a special treatment and it isn't easy to work with. It requires special brushes, primers and putty before application and the consistency of this paint is very similar to motor oil.
Note: Most professional painters must be certified by Fine Paints of Europe in order to apply this paint to their roster of services, so it is best to have a certified professional paint your door with this amazing paint line.
To find a certified paint professional in your area click HERE.
Without further ado , let's see these amazing show stopping lacquered entry doors for some great inspiration.
Paint color used on this beautiful Dutch Door is unknown.
I really enjoyed posting these amazing doors for my readers. What did you think of them? Tell me in the comments below and share your thoughts on whether a lacquered front door is something you'd consider for your home? Or if you already have one, how do you like it?


text:
Monthly Archive of Articles
Sarah Waseem – UK
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain (Exodus, 20:7)
And revile not those whom they call upon beside Allah, lest they out of spite, revile Allah in their ignorance. (Holy Qur'an, Ch.6:V.109)
Who owns the name of God? A seemingly banal question perhaps, but not so in Malaysia where three years ago the government banned the Catholic Church using the Arabic word Allah as a translation for God in its Malay-language newspaper. That ban was then overturned by a High Court ruling that upheld the constitutional right of the church's weekly Herald newspaper to refer to Jesus Christ(as) as the son of Allah.
The verdict has angered Muslim groups who fear that some Muslims could be misled by Christians using the word Allah. They say the word should be reserved for Islam alone. However, according to Reverend Lawrence Andrew, editor of the Herald, there is no other appropriate term for 'God' in Malay. As we go to print a Malaysian court has just suspended that ruling in favour of the government ban on the use of the word Allah after the government argued the decision could cause racial conflict.
The Catholic Herald argues that the word Allah has been used by Malay-speaking Christians for centuries, after the concept of a single deity was introduced by Arabic-speaking traders. The newspaper has a circulation of about 14,000 and is available only in Catholic churches, although some Muslims have complained that it is possible to look up Malay-language material using the term Allah on the Herald's Web. The National Union of Malaysian Muslim Students contends that:
'…the word Allah is exclusive and only refers to the concept of God that is understood by Muslims…'
and have warned that allowing the Herald to use Allah could cause confusion among Muslims who may leave their faith.
(http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/world/80405892.html).
Government lawyers have argued that Allah denotes the Muslim God, is accepted as such around the world, and is exclusively for Muslims. If Catholics were allowed to use Allah, then they argue Muslims would be "confused." The confusion would worsen because while Christians recognise a "trinity of gods" Islam is "totally monotheistic." They contend that the proper word for God in the Malay language is Tuhan, not Allah.
According to Malay-language Utusan Malaysia, the mufti of northern Perak state, Harussani Zakaria, termed the verdict "an insult to Muslims in this country." The state news agency, Bernama, reported former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad as saying that the authorities should set strict conditions for non-Muslims using the word Allah to avoid provoking a Muslim backlash:
"What I am afraid of is that the term 'Allah' might be used in such a way that could inflame the anger of Muslims, if [non-Muslims] were to use it on banners or write something that might not reflect Islam."
Sadly, this prediction has come to pass with attacks on ten churches to date, most of them having been fire bombed.
It is true that the word 'Allah' means the one and only true God, but despite the pre-islamic Arabian idol worshippers' belief in more than 300 Gods, they believed in an entity above all of them called 'Allah'. Yet the Holy Prophet(saw) never forbade the idol worshippers to use the word 'Allah'.
The concerns of the Malaysian government over the use of Allah by the Catholic Herald are rather perplexing. How can Christian newspaper articles using the term 'Allah' to refer to God, draw Muslims away from Islam? Is it because by referring to 'Jesus son of Allah', Muslims will be swayed into believing that Allah is not one but three?
How ironic, for in the Holy Qur'an Allah Himself has not only defined His name and His attributes but has also specifically rejected the concept of trinity! Surah Al-Ikhlas of the Holy Qur'an emphatically proclaims the Unity of Allah:
Say, 'He is Allah, the One; Allah, the Independent and Besought of all. He begets not, nor is He begotten; and there is none like unto Him.' (Ch.112:Vs.2-5)
Allah has asserted His unity and independence. 'Allah' is the 'One' and it therefore defies His deity that He could have a son. The Qur'an clearly rejects any notion of trinity.
Again, the Qur'an declares:
…So believe in Allah and His Messengers, and say not 'They are three.' Desist, it will be better for you. Verily, Allah is the only One God. Far is it from His Holiness that He should have a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. And sufficient is Allah as a Guardian. (Ch.4:V.172)
They are surely disbelievers who say, 'Allah is the third of three;' there is no God but the One God. And if they do not desist from what they say, a grievous punishment shall surely befall those of them that disbelieve. (Ch.5:V.74)
…and they falsely ascribe to Him sons and daughters without any knowledge. Holy is He and exalted far above what they attribute to Him. The Originator of the heavens and the earth! How can He have a son when He has no consort, and when He has created everything and has knowledge of all things? (Ch.6:Vs.101-102)
Perhaps most strikingly the Holy Qur'an itself has used the utterances 'Messiah, son of Allah':-
And the Jews say, Ezra is the son of Allah, and the Christians say, the Messiah is the son of Allah… (Ch.9:Vs.30)
Now if the Holy Qur'an can remind us of the utterances 'Messiah son of God' albeit to deny that this could be possible, why are Malaysian Muslims afraid that if the Catholic Herald does so, Muslims will be confused about their own faith? The Holy Qur'an tells us :
It does not befit the Majesty of Allah to take unto Himself a son. Holy is He. When He decrees a thing, He says to it, 'Be!', and it is. Said Jesus: 'Surely , Allah is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him alone; this is the right path.' (Ch.19:Vs.36-37)
The Qur'an also reminds us that Jesus(as) was not responsible for the introduction of trinity into Christian belief. It tells us how he will respond to any accusations to having promoted his own Divinity.
And when Allah will say, "O Jesus, son of Mary, didst thou say to men, 'Take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah?'", he will answer, "Holy art Thou. I could never say that to which I had no right. If I had said it, Thou wouldst have surely known it. Thou knowest what is in my mind, and I know not what is in Thy mind. It is only Thou Who art the Knower of hidden things. I said nothing to them except that which Thou didst command me – 'Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord…' (Ch.5:Vs.117-118)
So, not only has Allah Himself, in the Holy Qur'an, defined the meaning of His Name, but He has also explained that the introduction of the concept of trinity was not propagated by Jesus(as), and is instead a distortion of the original message of Jesus Christ(as)! One wonders, therefore, how any Malaysian Muslim could be drawn away from Islam if 'Allah' is used by a believer in the trinity?
Now, what about the government's assertion that 'Allah' denotes the Muslim God, and is exclusively for Muslims?
Again, a reading of the Holy Qur'an directs us to reject this. In Surah Al-Naml we read:
The Queen said, "Ye chiefs, there has been delivered to me a noble letter.
It is from Solomon, and it is: 'In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful; (Ch.27:Vs.30-31)
Hadhrat Sulaiman(as) himself used the words 'In the name of Allah'! His advent predated Islam! So, if the Holy Qur'an tells us that he used the word 'Allah', what exclusive right have present day Muslims to stop other faiths from using Allah's name to refer to God?
Malaysian Muslim leaders ought not to worry that Muslims who read the Holy Qur'an will be misled if they see His name used by other faiths.
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Ahad says:
Assalamo Alaikum,
There are modern precedents to the use of the word "Allah" in non-Islamic literature/publications, e.g. in the Christian Arab world, as in Egypt etc; also I believe the Bible in Arabic uses "Allah" for God!
Ahad
AbdGaniyy Muhammad Latilo says:
It is bad that government of malaysia banned catholic christian to use word ALLAH in their media and worship. An opportunity for muslim to show to the christian that their bible preaches oneness of God called Jehoval or Ellloi which means ALLAH. Ahmadiyya should please intense their tabligh activities to enlighten Malaysia government that this will convert christian and other countries of the world. Surat Ikllas teaches that Allah is only one God and having no wife nor son but Peerless
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'And another thing, I've been wondering laayte-lee' ….
Ok, finishing the weekend with another Aussie outfit – the Hoodoo Gurus from 1987. Great year.
Introduced by Suzi Quatro wearing the most awesome mullet of all time.
Superb, surging powerpop/rock, this number.


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Sikkim lads return after impressing all in Colombia as part of Team India
Gangtok, 01 Dec:
Futsal Association of Sikkim [FAS] congratulated Sikkimese footballers on their return home after winning Colombian hearts at the recently held C20 Futsal World Cup held in Colombia, South America. India finished on the 12th position in the overall rankings at the U-21 World Cup Valledupar, Colombia, losing out closely against USA with score 3- 4.
Three Sikkimese footballers - Ashwin Rai, Boxer Pradhan and Sangay Choppel Bhutia - played for team India while Bishal Chettri led the team as head coach in the World Cup.
Ashwin scored 5 goals, Boxer 3 goals and Sangay scored one goal for India at the tournament.
On their return home, the footballers received a warm welcome by local footballers and sports enthusiasts at Rangpo on Friday evening.
FAS states that it was a matter of pride for Sikkim that a total of nine goals were scored by the Indian team and that all were by Sikkimese boys.
FAS general secretary Dr Benoy Upreti thanked all sports supporters and enthusiasts who were present to show their solidarity for sports and provide a positive reinforcement to the boys.
"The experience gained by these boys will definitely be shared among peers and the Association takes this opportunity to thank the able governance and dynamic leadership that exists in the state that will help us embark on a lot of positive sporting indulgence amongst the youth of the state," he said.
Sikkim Futsal team


Enter Yosemite Valley, California. This is an ancient place in the world, long ago scraped and carved by glaciers almost a mile high. Today, there is one place here that holds the title as the best place to take in the whole scene, Glacier Point. From this point, you have a commanding view of Yosemite Valley, Half Dome, Yosemite Falls, and the Yosemite high country. Glacier Point is perched a dizzying 3,214 feet above Half Dome Village on the floor of the Valley and from here the views make it seem like the top of the world.
With Glacier Blue, mate finish titanium frames, black walnut temples, and polarized black lenses, the view through the Glacier Point frames will be no less spectacular. Just like the scraping and carving of the rock at Yosemite, all of our shades are made using small batch production techniques. Ensuring that the view through the lenses of these Glacier Point's will be as exclusive as the view from the top of the real thing.


We WILL… We MUST beat this.
You can Help! Join with us.
April is Head & Neck Cancer Awareness Month and the early signs of head and neck cancer can fool a person, but head and neck cancer is no joke. This year approximately 550,000 persons worldwide will be diagnosed with and approximately 300,000 will die of an oral, head, and/or neck cancer. Of these, 65,000 in the USA will learn they have oral, head, and/or neck cancer and 14,000 persons (someone's spouse, parent, child, sibling, good friend, etc.) will die. Thank you for contributing to Brandon's Foundation, and through it, the research that will change these statistics.
UPDATE - Mardi Gras MASKerade - Thank you to all who participated in or contributed in any way to the March 2, 2019 Mardi Gras MASKerade! (For a peak at the event, check out photos taken by Get Creative Photo Booths throughout the evening!) More than $30,000 was raised that evening for head and neck cancer research! Since the Mardi Gras MASKerade the Foundation has sent $25,000 to the UC Health for Brandon's 2019 head and neck cancer research project award!
April 29th Event - Please plan to join us Monday, April 29 for the 7th annual Great Food for a Great Cause at The National Exemplar (Mariemont) to honor Head & Neck Cancer Awareness Month. All proceeds from food and beverage served between 5 to 9 p.m. - whether dine in or carry out - will benefit Brandon's Foundation (so head and neck cancer research)! Make a reservation NOW online or phone 513-271-2103.
Thank you for helping us work to end this awful disease.
Make a reservation NOW for Great Food for a Great Cause at The National Exemplar (Mariemont), 5 to 9 p.m., April 29, 2019 ! All proceeds that evening from food and beverage - dine in or carry out - benefits Brandon's Foundation!


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First look at UNStudio's eco garden city wellness concept for Karle, Bangalore
The 62-acre development will feature biking routes, sky gardens, public squares, a theatre, residential units, and retail outlets. / Courtesy of UNStudio
Architecture practice UNStudio and its tech division, UNSense, have revealed an ambitious plan to turn Karle Town Centre (KTC) in Bangalore, India, into a tech campus and futuristic garden city, powered by Internet of Things (IoT) technology.
The Project is being undertaken for developer Karle Infra.
The 72-acre redevelopment, designed to create a work:live community based around health, culture and greenspace, will see KTC transformed with the addition of a range of leisure and lifestyle facilities, including a theatre, bike routes, sky gardens, public spaces and specialist retail.
Bangalore is the Silicon Valley of India and rapid growth is creating demand for high-end residential space for tech workers and their families.
Data-gathering sensors are being deployed across KTC to enable designers to better understand the optimal ways to positively shape residents' mental and social wellbeing.
UNStudio co-founder Ben van Berkel said: "We have so much data at our fingertips that can be used to analyse behaviour and inform design on an urban scale.
"We should use this to devise urban solutions that allow us to live in healthy environments that enable social interaction and for us to capitalise on our valuable free time."
In explaining the concept, landscape architect, Lodewijk Baljon, of Baljon Landscape Architects,, said: "KTC will be an innovative cultural phenomenon. Gardens are places of reconciliation between man and nature and the Garden City of the 21st Century will demonstrate new ways of bringing people into contact with nature."
Landscaping across KTC has been designed to cast shade and reduce the urban heat traps created by large buildings. Some areas of the city will be car-free and the development will face the water of Nagavara Lake, which will have a shaded waterfront promenade.
Aesthetically, KTC has been designed so all elements – from buildings to street furniture – are harmonious in style. UN Studio has given the built structures rounded silhouettes, humanscale elements and a bright white, highly durable paint finish called The Coolest White.
This proprietary paint system reflects solar radiation and reduces energy consumption to deliver carbon savings.
The Coolest White, was developed by UNSense in partnership with Netherlands-based manufacturer Monopol.
When complete, the development – currently on-site – will have 2.3m sq ft of apartments, 2m sq ft of retail space, 3.6m sq ft of offices and six acres of greenspace. It's 30 minutes from Bangalore airport.
The scheme is the second for the site. A previous scheme was proposed in 2012, but only a limited number of elements of it came to fruition, including Zenith Residences, a series of connected high-rise towers.
UNStudio UNSense Bangalore Karle Town Centre
Ben van Berkel said UNStudio's master plan differs significantly from 'traditional master plans'. / Courtesy of UNStudio
Karle Infra, the project's developer, will position data-gathering sensors throughout the city. / Courtesy of UNStudio
BALJON Landscape Architects is also attached to the project. / Courtesy of UNStudio
Lodewijk Baljon, principal at BALJON, called KTC 'an innovative cultural phenomenon. / Courtesy of UNStudio
Architecture practice UNStudio and its tech division, UNSense, have revealed an ambitious plan to turn Karle Town Centre (KTC) in Bangalore, India, into a tech campus and futuristic garden city, powered by Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The Project is being undertaken for developer Karle Infra. The 72-acre redevelopment, designed to create a work:live community based around health, culture and greenspace, will see KTC transformed with the addition of a
DJW
DJW offer a way to interpret your story through the use of technology. We can provide Audio Visual consultancy to assist in the planning stage, follow up with AV system design, supply and installation, and provide a bespoke control system to suit your operational needs.
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text:
SGC est un sigle qui désigne :
 Stargate Command, dans l'univers de Stargate ;
 Système de Gestion de Contenu (CMS en anglais) ;
 le Secrétariat général du Conseil de l'Union européenne ;
 la Société de Gestion Collective ;
 le Syndicat général du cinéma ;
 la  ;
  ;
 la Société Générale de Cinématographie.
 Synthetic Grass & Composite

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Just got the Apex, fantastic club, best I have used for years and I have tried most of them!
I have some mp53s that suit me quite nicely. I find them to be more consistent and longer than the replacement model.
Hitting Covert 2.0s and happy with them (at the moment). I can hit them a little fat at times, but I'm sure that's more user error with ball position than anything else.
My MP-52/62 set is better than anything I've hit recently.
The newest set of irons I have are from 2011. Average age of my iron sets is 10 years. All see regular play.
Newest clubs in the bag are driver (2015) and wedges (2014).
Hahaha! My 690.CB (3-6i) are still in the bag! I just don't play enough to wear them out, so I only ever have to replace the bottom end of my bag. I LOVE those clubs. Classic, look great, pretty beefy and I'm used to the lofts, yardages. I get my MB's bent to correlate to those lofts in fact. I see no need to replace them.
I have had my G5's in the bag since they came out. I have test drove others but nothing has come close.
Bridgestone J40 DPCs. Will be my third season with them, love them as much as the day I got them.
I just went back to the J33 CB's, and couldn't be happier. IMO, the best iron produced in the last 15 years.
Still rocking the i20's, I know only a product cycle old, but they feel better than the i25's. Won't switch unless there is a big upgrade with the i30's.
I've got m MP-64's in the bag...and they aren't going anywhere for a while.
well I just updated my irons, but the set I just retired were bought new and used by me since 1993. The only reason I switched is because of that stupid groove rule and I play in a ton of tournaments, otherwise, I'd still be using and smiling.
J40 CBs are firmly in the bag, and won't be coming out anytime soon.
I have played my MP69's since 2011. I just recently bought a set of Edel irons after a phenomenal fitting in the Chicago area.
Very nice, underrated club. Good profile, solid feel, and my brother has a set going on 3 years old playing multiple times a week that still look brand new.
Been playing x14s since 2001.
This year I have played my Cobra S3 pro's (4yrs), Bridgestone J40 CB's (3yrs) and 714 AP2's (1yr). I have yet to buy a new set of irons this year, which is shocking! I'm sure that will likely change since I've been eying the Srixon's 745 and 945's!
Still using my J36 combos and love them, had the credit card out over the phone ordering a new set of J15s then they told me they wouldnt let me buy the irons individually to make another combo set so they lost my business going to game the old j36s for another season.
Third year for me as well. Starting to think a new set would be nice, but not in a big hurry thats for sure.
I haven't played them yet, but just bought a new set of the 2013 cally x forged irons. I keep reading how great they are, and I think they are some of the best looking irons I have ever seen.
Still playing a set of TaylorMade 2011 TP MCs and love them. Every once in awhile I break out the R7s to have some fun. Sure, I look at the new irons and have considered buying a set, but I still get along quite well with what I've got.
Been playing the original AP2's for nearly 7 years now.


We were the main source of literature on UI design in Russia.
We have started our business long before the UX craze, sparked by growth of web and appearance of iPhone. At the time, there was little literature on UI design in English and zero in Russian. We began to fill the gap. Since then, we have provided Russian-speaking UI designers and testers with dozens of quality articles on testing and user interface design (like the very first manual on usability testing in Russian), not counting hundreds of blog entries. There is also a short film on usability research that we have produced.
The current blogs are moved on Medium, here the blog in English (and here is the bigger Russian one).
Vlad Golovach, partner and art director of Usethics, wrote two design-related books in Russian.
New edition of early book from 2000 (therefore number 2 in the title). Book deals with a single theme – in order to create good design we have to define our goals before we start designing. There are various ways to do it, like a Task Centered Design, usability by ISO standards etc. Book teaches to apply them to a project and to behave in ways that will not compromise the integrity of design process and goals.
The book broadly covers the reasons for change in design and design artifacts, such as shifts in technology, ideology or popular political issues. Book was well received – the current rating on Goodreads is a good deal higher then Eugeny Onegin by Pushkin, the theasure of Russian lit.