text:
This article contains spoilers! You have been warned.
"A world, and a mirror of worlds."
– Terry Prachett
"It's no use, Mr. James — it's turtles all the way down."
– J. R. Ross
One of the most beloved book series' on /tg/, Discworld is a series of fantasy novels written by the late Sir Terry Pratchett (who seems to have been a fan of Warhammer!) set on the titular Discworld: a round, flat world carried on the back of four elephants who in turn stand on the back of a turtle that swims through the cosmos. The Discworld novels do not have a single core protagonist across the entire series: it has a variety of characters starring over the course of the books. Over time certain "series" with the same cast and sometimes setting emerged, creating several parallel (and sometimes overlapping) storylines.
More than just your standard fantasy novel, Discworld plays with the conventions of storytelling and how people and stories shape each other. The writing is one of incredible wordplay, going from clever plays on words that more than once have been plot points to forehead-slappingly dumb puns. The books also include large amounts of footnotes to serve as worldbuilding, a joke or both. Some of these footnotes can take up the majority of a page or have footnotes of their own.
Another notable thing is that over time the Discworld began to escape Medieval Stasis. Towers for semaphore telegraphs are built so that messages can be transmitted at previously unheard of speeds, paper money and postage stamps are invented, the newspaper and journalism take form and even the steam locomotive takes to the field. Meanwhile, magic is present but not commonly used, and over the course of the books the young generation of wizards build Hex, a magical supercomputer who can do in hours what would normally take days or weeks for a human wizard.
Furthermore, the books carry a great mix of gravitas and comedy, making them both poingnant and funny at the same time. All these factors have added up to a great series of fiction that has been, is, and will be held close to the hearts of many a reader and nerd for years to come.
1 Species on the Disc
1.1 Dwarfs
1.2 Trolls
1.3 Igors
2.1 Ankh-Morpork
2.2 Lancre
3 The Books
3.1 Main series
3.1.1 The Color of Magic
3.1.2 The Light Fantastic
3.1.3 Equal Rites
3.1.4 Mort
3.1.5 Sourcery
3.1.6 Wyrd Sisters
3.1.7 Pyramids
3.1.8 Guards! Guards!
3.1.9 Eric
3.1.10 Moving Pictures
3.1.11 Reaper Man
3.1.12 Witches Abroad
3.1.13 Small Gods
3.1.14 Lords and Ladies
3.1.15 Men at Arms
3.1.16 Soul Music
3.1.17 Interesting Times
3.1.18 Maskerade
3.1.19 Feet of Clay
3.1.20 Hogfather
3.1.21 Jingo
3.1.22 The Last Continent
3.1.23 Carpe Jugulum
3.1.24 The Fifth Elephant
3.1.25 The Truth
3.1.26 Thief of Time
3.1.27 Night Watch
3.1.28 Monstrous Regiment
3.1.29 Going Postal
3.1.30 Thud!
3.1.31 Making Money
3.1.32 Unseen Academicals
3.1.33 Snuff
3.1.34 Raising Steam
3.1.35 The Shepherd's Crown
4.1 Ankh-Morpork City Watch
4.2 Death and Company
4.3 Lancre Witches
4.4 Wizards
4.5 Citizens of Ankh-Morpork
5 Other Media
6 The Inevitable End
Species on the Disc[edit]
Aside from humans, who appear to be in the majority, there are a number of other species living there as well.
Dwarfs[edit]
Discworld dwarfs (and yes, they use the same plural as Warhammer Fantasy Battle) are of the standard model: short, bearded, work in mines, enjoy booze and if you upset them they'll chop your knees off. There are a few differences though: their culture seems to contain a few influences based on Judaism in the form of the Grags, scholars on the laws of the dwarfs and seen as a kind of secular rabbis. Another quirk about them is that dwarfs seem to be a single-gendered species. Of course there are female dwarfs, but once the kids are off breastfeeding there is no such thing as "women's work" among dwarfs. Sexual dimorphism is incredibly discouraged in dwarf society, which means that dwarf courtship rituals are all about finding out whether that dwarf you fancy actually has bits compatible with yours. However, through the influences of Ankh-Morpork a small but growing number of dwarfs want to "come out" as being female and embrace their gender. While a number of the cityborn dwarfs see no problem with this the older generations and the conservative dwarfs who live in the mountains see this as an abomination upon their culture, decrying the female dwarfs as ha'ak (exact meaning unknown, roughly translated as "not real dwarfs").
Trolls[edit]
Discworld trolls are not creatures of flesh and blood. Instead they consist of metamorphorical rock: rock that takes the form of the stones and minerals around them. Trolls are nocturnal because of their biology: they have silicon brains that heat up when exposed to warmth, inhibiting their ability to think. This means that they're more intelligent and faster at night while being dumb and sluggish during the day. Likewise, trolls living up in the mountains become less intelligent when going down to warmer places like Ankh-Morpork. When a troll brain is sufficiently chilled the troll can become extremely intelligent, their silicon brains essentially serving as computer chips. Trolls can freeze to death this way, but they'd die long after any creature of living flesh would have perished.
While trolls are more or less immortal, growing their entire lives, as they get older and bigger they become more sluggish and more inclined to sit around and think (which is why trolls call getting old "getting philosophical"). Truly ancient trolls are the size and shape of mountains, eroding in interesting ways and eventually getting so lost in thought that they just never come back.
Because of their silicon-based biochemistry, their alcohol is hideously toxic to humans and will likely devour the glass it is served in as well as the table beneath it. Likewise, the trollish diet consists mostly of rocks. To chew their way through this they have diamond teeth, who are very valued by humans and dwarfs alike.
Trolls hold that once in a while, a troll is born whose body consist of nothing but diamond. This physique helps immensely to cool down the troll's brain, making them extremely intelligent even when standing in the burning sun. These trolls are seen as semi-mythical beings, and when one is born they are destined to be kings amongst trolls. They all carry the same name, though it always refers to one individual at a time: Mr. Shine. Him diamond.
Igors[edit]
Technically human, the Igors are a clan distinct enough to notice. As their name suggests, they are based on the hunchbacked laboratory assistants from old Universal and Hammer horror movies: they lisp, they limp a bit, look quite ugly, help in their master's unwholsome experiments and so on. They are extremely skilled at appearing behind you as you call them, opening doors just before you knock them, gunking up door hinges so they creak, finding whatever unusual materials their master might need, and sensing thunderstorms days in advance. On top of this, they tend to act like butlers as well: they clean (except for cobwebs, they cultivate those), cook and run errands. The code of an Igor is simple:
Never question the master
Never pass judgement
Never grumble
Igor freelancers are rare because they like to work for people like vampires, mad scientists and the nobility of Überwald (the Disc's version of eastern Europe). They can be quite the traditional sort, insisting on calling their employers "marthter" or "mithtreth" and like to generally indulge in the traditional things you'd expect from an Igor. They serve loyally but up to a point: when the angry mob comes a'knocking they will hightail it out of there with no regards for their master's safety. Vampires are a personal favorite to work for, because of their employer's schedule they have plenty of time to indulge in their calling: surgery.
Igors are immensely skilled with needle and thread, being able to patch up pretty much any wound that did not kill someone (or when it did, make it look like it didn't). This makes them incredibly valued as surgeons, being able to reattach limbs, stitch up anything up to and including decapitation and know how to improve the human body. Regions where Igors are common have something like a public health care system involving them: all injuries an Igor can heal are patched up free of charge. However, upon death (and Igors somehow know exactly when this is) they come knocking, asking to havest any organs they might like in return for whatever procedure was done. This is done with the utmost respect for the dead, and once an Igor is done the body will look none the worse (not worse than dead, at least). Refusal is unheard of, mainly because if this is done the Igor will just shrug and leave, and no Igor will ever help this family again.
Igors are really into body modifications, but not on the level of Franken Fran. They will always look for ways to improve the body, whether through their own handiwork or by ways of transplants. They can remove a damaged kidney and replace it with a fully functioning one with ease and good survival rates for patients, which is surprising given the technology level of the Disc. When an Igor dies they are completely taken apart so that the parts can, in essence, be given a second life. Even brains are removed if possible, so that when someone suffers braindeath their dead brain can be replaced with another and, well, you keep meeting old friends like this.
The Igors are one big clan. When you mention one they immediately know which Igor you are talking about (but can get annoyed when other people don't get this). Female Igors exist as well and are called Igorina. Unlike their male counterparts who are quite hideous to behold Igorinas are beautiful, with only a few stichings in unobtrusive places to show their allegiance. This makes them quite the catch for men, but the same goes for male Igors. Young ladies seem to like them quite a bit despite their looks; it is hinted at that this is because of their huge, ahem, skill sets.
Locations[edit]
Ankh-Morpork[edit]
"Quanti Canicula Ille In Fenestra"
– The motto of the city of Ankh-Morpork
The largest city on the Discworld, the capital of mercantile, a cultural melting pot and a hive where scum and villainy rule by law. Something of a bizarre mix of London, Florence, and Amsterdam, the Big Wahoonie (as it is sometimes called) is located at where the fertile Sto Plains meet the Circle Sea by ways of the River Ankh. This river is one of the vilest, unhealthy, life-bearing (which in case of a river like this is NOT a good thing) and toughest bodies of water in fiction. The sludge is tough enough to draw a chalk line on, you can walk across if you keep the pace up, no ship devised by the hands of man can sail its waters and the bloody thing tends to catch fire in the summer. Still, the people of the city are proud of their very own River of Life.
The founding of Ankh-Morpork is shrouded in legend. Some sources claim it was founded by twin brothers raised by a hippopotamus. The animal is the royal animal of Ankh. Eight stone hippopotamoi decorate the Brass Bridge, and legend states that if the city is ever in danger they will come to life and run away. Another legend states that long ago there was a great flood, and an ark was built to save two of every animal from it. After forty days and forty nights, all the dung from these animals was thrown overboard and people called it "Ankh-Morpork".
Ankh-Morpork used to be a kingdom, but the last king, Lorenzo the Kind, was overthrown and subsequently executed for torture and (implied) pedophilia. His executioner, Stoneface Vimes, wanted to introduce democracy to the city. This was voted against, since the public saw it as "the rulers of the city don't want to do their bloody jobs", and in the end Old Stoneface himself got executed for regicide. Nowadays, Ankh-Morpork is run by an official called the Patrician as part of a non-hereditary oligarchic system, appointed by the various powers in the city. In practice most Patricians were just as bad as their royal predecessors, but they were a lot more tolerable since they were also a lot more replaceable.
The current Patrician, Havelock Vetinari, has decided to do things differently. Inheriting a city that was corrupt and crumbling he began to train it like a dog. Thieves were allowed to found their own guild and work semi-legally (they have to carry ID cards may only steal from people within certain quotas), the Seamstresses (hem hem) organised and even the guild of Assassins was allowed to function in the open. The guilds take violation of the internal rules very seriously and are allowed to punish transgressors that would otherwise be tried by the city. Guilds were made clear that a lower, but continuous source of revenue is better than large chunks of it laced with daggers in the back. This allowed the city to not only grow, but also prosper. Nobody (whether they are in power or not) likes Vetinari, but they prefer him in charge rather than someone under the thumb of a rival guild. Meanwhile, Lord Vetinari acts completely in the interst of the city with next to no ego, has no vices he indulges in, does not act like a despot despite being one and fully understands and acts on the human desire to have tomorrow be just like today.
Unless you're a mime of course, in which case Vetinari will have you hung upside down in the scorpion pit.
Under Vetinari's rule the Pax Morporkia turned from "Resist and we'll kill you" that was common under the monarchy to "Resist and we'll call in your mortgage". Ankh-Morpork has no standing army and instead relies on being the primary business partner of the nations around them, allowing the city to financially ruin anyone trying to invade them. If it actually needs to fight, it "Calls up the Regiments" which means that anyone who's a rich noble has the right to equip, recruit and retain a force of fighting men. The city has also started to see a large influx of migrants: humans, dwarfs, troll, gnomes and even the undead flock to the city in droves. While they generate some problems, above all they generate revenue. Vetinari has been very open to this growth, claiming that alloys are stronger.
Lancre[edit]
A small kingdom up in the ramtops (the mountains near the center of the world). For the most part it's the Shire if it had been put up on a mountain Plateau, mostly home to simple set in their ways folk as well as a trio of witches.
The Books[edit]
The Discworld series consists primarily of two series of books: the main series and the young adult novels. The former is the series of 34 books that people will think of when hearing "Discworld", and contains the most famous stories. The young adult novels are a half-dozen books aimed at younger audiences. Then there are the various spinoffs like a pair of children's books, the illustrated version of two other books and a variety of short stories and supportive material. Most of the books are parodying a specific thing first and foremost with some general asides.
Main series[edit]
The Color of Magic[edit]
Target of Satire: General Fantasy.
Debut of Rincewind. The world's first tourist, Twoflower, shows up in Ankh-Morpork. Rincewind, a failed wizard, is tasked with protecting him. This book is notable for being a parody of various tropes common in the fantasy genre like Vancian magic and parodies things like D&D, Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser, Conan the Barbarian, H.P. Lovecraft's work and more. This book is meant to set up the world of the Disc and, as a result, feels like only half of a greater story, part two of which is...
The Light Fantastic[edit]
Focus of Satire: General Fantasy.
It's a direct sequel to the first book, the first and last time this happens. This one has less of the world-building and single chapter adventures, replacing them instead with a more singular storyline. Makes fun of the fantasy genre as a whole again; Conan the Barbarian, the maiden in distress trope, the occasional dig at Tolkien and much more. Theoretically you COULD skip book one and go straight to this (they sum the major information points up, and this one is, marginally, better) but, regardless, the first book is still a good, fun read, as is this one.
Equal Rites[edit]
Focus of Satire: Gender Politics.
The debut of Granny Weatherwax, a witch who accompanies the little girl Eskarina to Unseen University in Ankh-Morpork to learn magic.
Mort[edit]
The debut of Death as a major character. Death feels like he should take on an apprentice and picks the farm boy Mort, which causes trouble when he tasks Mort to gather the soul of a princess. Mort doesn't want her to die so he saves her, causing all sorts of trouble.
Sourcery[edit]
Focus of Satire: General Fantasy
The eighth son of an eighth son is a wizard. The eighth son of a wizard however is a Sourcerer, a wizard squared. Being an entity of intense magical power the Sourcerer Coin attempts to take over the world at behest of the spirit of his father, who inhabits the boy's magical staff.
Wyrd Sisters[edit]
Focus of Satire: Shakespeare (specifically Macbeth).
The debut of the Lancre Witches. King Verence of Lancre is murdered by his cousin Leonal Felmet. Felmet takes the throne and eventually turns on the witches, which is, as he learns, a very bad idea.
Pyramids[edit]
Focus of Satire: Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece
A standalone book (or part of an aborted sub series). Prince Teppic of Djelibeybi finishes his education at the Guild of Assassins in Ankh-Morpork and learns that his father has passed on, making him the new king of a heavily Egyptian-inspired kingdom. He travels back home only to find the court dominated by the ancient high priest Dios.
Guards! Guards![edit]
Focus of Satire: Police, monarchy, Dragon focused fantasy and the bits of The Hobbit directly relating to Dragons.
Debut of the Ankh-Morpork City Watch. Carrot Ironfoundersson is a dwarf who isn't. An orphan found and raised by dwarfs in the mountains, at the urging of his father Carrot goes to Ankh-Morpork to join the Ankh-Morpork City Night Watch, an esteemed and honorable institute. Or so he's told: in practice there's only three people in the Night Watch: the alcoholic Captain Vimes, the bumbling Sergeant Coolon and the petty thief Corporal Nobbs. Possessing an immense sense of duty and a matching heap of charisma, Carrot and the other watchmen get dragged into a plot involving a shadowy group summoning a dragon in an attempt to install a puppet ruler on the throne of the city.
Eric[edit]
Focus of Satire: Faust.
The shortest of the main line Discworld books, the titular demonologist summon what he thinks to be a demon, only to get Rincewind bound to him. Basically a bunch of loosely linked vignettes.
Moving Pictures[edit]
Focus of Satire: Holywood
Debut of CMOT Dibbler as a major character and lays the foundation for the Wizards, as well as Gaspaud the Wonder Dog. Alchemists in Ankh-Morpork discover how to capture moving images and project them onto a screen. An entire industry dedicated to making these moving pictures pops up in the Holy Wood, located not too far from the city. But the threat to this new industry is not just because of Dibbler's business practices...
Reaper Man[edit]
Debut of the Auditors of Reality. The agents of the cosmic bureaucracy, the Auditors of Reality, decide that Death has become too human and is sentenced to live amongst mortals. But with Death out of the way nobody dies, which floods the world with life. This turns out to be a Very Bad Thing when Ankh-Morpork is beset by a living shopping mall.
Witches Abroad[edit]
Focus of Satire: Vacations and Fairy Tales.
Granny Weatherwax, Nanny Ogg and Magrat Garlick travel to Genua (not-quite New Orleans Genoa) in an attempt to, for a change, prevent a servant girl from marrying a prince. While doing so they come into conflict with Lilith, a woman Granny Weatherwax knows all too well.
Small Gods[edit]
Focus of Satire: Religion.
A standalone book. The Omnian Empire (which is sort of like if the Spanish Inquisition was run by Friend Computer) holds that the worship of the Great God Om comes above all. The novice Brutha finds a turtle dropped by an eagle, but is surprised to find that the turtle talks. Om has turned into a turtle because the people's faith has slowly been draining from Om into the church itself, meaning that he lost all his power and has been turned into this state. The book is infamous for fucking up the timeline: in Pyramids Omnia is as described in this book, but in later books it is far different, with changes that could not have happened in the mere years between the books.
Lords and Ladies[edit]
Focus of Satire: Shakespeare (specifically A Mid Summer Night's Dream)
The Lancre Witches come into conflict with the Fair Folk, who enter the Discworld from their own parasitic universe. This happens right around Magrat's impeding wedding with the king of Lancre, making the conflict all the more difficult.
Men at Arms[edit]
Focus of Satire: Policing in a diverse society, Firearms in Fantasy.
Debut of Angua and Detrius as a major character. Captain Vimes is going to marry and retire from the watch within the week. Before he goes though he has to train three new minority recruits he was forced to take on by Lord Vetinari: Detrius the troll, Cuddy the dwarf and Angua the w-, eh, that should be obvious. Meanwhile, a retired assassin deduces that corporal Carrot might very well be the heir to the throne of the city and hatches a plot to put Carrot there, all the while using an ancient and banned object.
Soul Music[edit]
Focus of Satire: Rock and Roll.
Debut of Susan. The elf-ish Llamedosian musician Imp y Celyn chafes at the rigid ways of making music in his native village and decides to make his way to Ankh-Morpork to make a living with his music there. After some initial hurdles and the breaking of his old instrument he buys a guitar from a mysterious shop that disappears and appears all over the place. The instrument seems to have a mind of its own, and while it plays some very powerful music it takes a toll on his psyche. Meanwhile, Death's granddaughter Suzan puts the powers in her blood that were passed down by her grandfather (somehow...) to the test as she tries to save Imp from himself.
Interesting Times[edit]
Focus of Satire: East Asia.
Rincewind is forced by the wizards to go to the Agatean Empire, located on the Counterweight Continent. Here he encounters old friends and is pulled into a rebellion against the overbearing empire, very much against his will.
Maskerade[edit]
Focus of Satire: The Phantom of the Oprah.
Phantom of the Opera redux. Now that Magrat is a queen Granny and Nanny need a third witch to fill out their coven. Their eye falls on Agnes Nitt, a sizable young woman with an amazing singing voice, who has recently moved to Ankh-Morpork to join the opera. The people there are very much impressed with her voice, but finds herself an understudy to the much less talented, intelligent and sizable Christine. While Agnes doesn't want anything to do with witchery, she cannot help but think like a witch when faced with the mysterious and murderous Phantom. Of the opera.
Feet of Clay[edit]
Focus of Satire: Police Procedurals and Whodunits.
Debut of Cheery Littlebottom. The City Watch is larger and more effective than ever. Their first major case is a pair of murders that may or may not involve golems, the clay automatons working in the city. At the same time the Watch has to deal with the poisoning of Lord Vetinari, which puts the city in a delicate position.
Hogfather[edit]
Focus of Satire: Christmas.
Susan has taken up a job as a governess, trying to live a normal live despite all the supernatural things happening around her. Meanwhile, the Auditors hatch a plot to have the Hogfather, the Discworld equivalent of Santa, assassinated. The plan works, sort of, and now Death has to take his place. Regardless of what she wants Suzan is roped into the investigation of what happened to the Hogfather and ends up emproiled in a plot involving all kinds of supernatural being and a not supernatural but not any less monstrous assassin.
Jingo[edit]
Focus of Satire: Nationalism, Racism, Militarism and the Middle East.
The island of Leshp rises out of the sea, smack dab between Ankh-Morpork and the not-Arabic Klatch. When diplomatic efforts go awry it is up to Commander Vimes of the City Watch to keep the peace and find the would-be assassin of the Klatchian ambassador.
The Last Continent[edit]
Focus of Satire: Bladdy 'Strayla mate!
Rincewind is not dead, and in fact ended up on the continent of XXXX, where he does his usual running away from people who try to murder him. Meanwhile, the wizards try to find a cure for the Librarian's condition that interferes with his morphic field, causing him to switch into random animals and objects every time he sneezes. They discover that the only one who can help them with this would be Rincewind, and they set out on a quest to return him safely.
Carpe Jugulum[edit]
Focus of Satire: Vampire Fiction
Aside from their usual weaknesses, vampires seem to have a psychological need to set up things for would-be heroes to easily slay them: curtains that can be pulled aside easily, objects that can be used as improvised holy icons, chairs with sharp legs that can be used as stakes and so on. A new generation of vampires, the de Magpyr family from Überwald decides to adapt to this and set up shop in Lancre. This pits them against the witches and a soft-spoken Omnian reverend, the former of which know all too well how stories work.
The Fifth Elephant[edit]
Commander Vimes is sent to Überwald on a diplomatic mission to attend the coronation of the Low King. With the theft of the Scone of Stone however this is made difficult, for without the Scone there can be no coronation. Meanwhile, Angua's past catches up to her and she needs to decide whether to return to her old life or stay with Carrot and the Watch.
The Truth[edit]
Focus of Satire: Journalism.
A standalone book. Scribe William de Worde teams up with a bunch of dwarfs to invent the printing press and essentially create the first newspaper. Meanwhile, the people who made an attempt to dethrone the Patrician return with a plot to replace him with a body double and hire Mr Pin and Mr Tulip (pretty much the Discworld version of Jules and Vincent from Pulp Fiction) to help them to this end.
Thief of Time[edit]
Focus of Satire: Martial Arts, Spy Stuff, Time Travel and In Universe Continuity.
The Auditors of Realty make an attempt to stop time. They employ clockmaker Jeremy Clockson to build a clock that, when turned on last time, stopped time and shattered history. The History Monks, a monastic tradition dedicated to the protection of time, apprentice the know-itall student Lobsang Ludd to the sweeper Lu-Tze, who is far, FAR more than he lets on. Lobsang discovers that he has a knack for working with the Procrastinators, machines that can manipulate time. The two of them are sent to Ankh-Morpork by the abbot of the History Monks to discover what made the Procrastinators go haywire. All the while, Death attempts to recruit Suzan and his fellow Horsemen to ride out to not end the world, but save it instead.
Night Watch[edit]
Focus of Satire: Political Revolution and Les Miserables.
After an event in Thief of Time Commander Vimes is cast thirty years back in time, alongside the murderer that he was chasing. Vimes ends up taking the place of his old mentor John Keel and begins to take a pivotal role in the civil war against the mad Patrician Lord Winder. It's like Les Mis meets time travel, except Valjean is a psychopath and Javert is actually kind of likeable.
Monstrous Regiment[edit]
Focus of Satire: Military Humor, Women dressing up as men to serve in the military.
Oliver Perks wants to join the army so that he can find out what happened to his brother. He has a rough time there not just because of the hardships his country is going through, but because he's actually a girl named Polly. She finds herself amongst a motley group of fellow soldiers lead by the naive but dutiful Lieutenant Blouse and the hard around the edges but very protective Sergeant Jackrum.
Going Postal[edit]
Focus of Satire: The Post Office, Communications
Debut of Moist von Lipwig. Albert Spangler is caught for theft, tried, convicted, hanged, buried and receives an orbituary. Moist von Lipwig, what he is actually called, wakes up in the Patrician's office instead. Vetinari makes him an offer: take a second round on the rope or become the new Postmaster of the defunct Ankh-Morpork Post Office. He is assigned a parole officer (a golem) and reluctantly sets out to do his new job. Moist is a man who not only takes refuge in audacity but builds up its defenses, raises an army of shooting targets, and makes war on logic. The new AMPO turns out to be a success, but this pits him against the powerful Grand Trunk, the company running the semaphores. The Grand Trunk does not like competition ruining their bottom line, which consists of ruthlessly exploiting the workers and ruining the company's working culture.
Thud![edit]
Focus of Satire: Race Relations, generations old grudges and policing around said issues in a multicultural society.
Right before the anniversary of the Battle of Koom Valley a dwarfish grag gets his head smashed in. On the scene a troll club is found, driving up the tensions between trolls and dwarfs. Worse, the Watch is forced to employ a new recruit: Salacia von Humpeding, who is a vampire. While investigating the murder Vimes hurts his hand, and is starts to itch strangely. With the threat of an all-out war looming over them Vimes and the Watch have to solve one of their most important cases yet.
Making Money[edit]
Focus of Satire: Money (duh) and Economics, Banking
After his success at the AMPO Vetinari assigns Moist von Lipwig to the Royal Mint. He gets to meet the majority shareholder, a clever old lady who immediately makes Moist out for the crook that he is. She dies not soon afterwards, leaving her shares to her dog Mr Fusspot, leaves the dog to Moist... as well as a significant contract on his head if something were to happen to the dog. Of course, the woman's family is not happy with this and try their very best to get Moist out of business or life, whichever comes first. Unfortunately for them, Moist too tries his very best to avoid this fate.
Unseen Academicals[edit]
Romeo and Juliet... WITH FOOTBALL! The Patrician tries to civilize the old game of Foot-the-Ball, complete with the traditional Foot-The-Ball hooliganry. The wizards end up getting involved, but they require a coach. The UU servant Mr. Nutt helps them out with this, but he turns out to be far more than meets the eye.
Snuff[edit]
Commander Vimes is dragged off on a holiday to the countryside. Being all to aware of what happenes the last time he went on one (see The Fifth Elephant), he is none too surprise to find that there was a murder. But nobody in the area seems to care on account of the victim being a goblin. Vimes however disagrees: a crime is a crime and criminals must be punished. He finds no allies in the area, with the local police actually working against him. But this does not stop Vimes, putting him in what is one of the more heavy-handed stories in the series. And Nobby gets a girlfriend.
Raising Steam[edit]
Moist von Lipwig is once again given a new job: help develop the train line from Bonk all the way via Zemphis, Sto Lat and Ankh-Morpork to Quirm. This to the ire of Dwarfish fundamentalists who try to saboutage the rail line in every possible way in an attempt to dethrone the Low King, who is currently in Quirm for an intenational summit. Moist is charged with bringing the Low King home safely, but few things go as planned.
The Shepherd's Crown[edit]
The last book Terry Pratchett wrote before he dies. mayherestinpeace. Anyway, The book begin with the death of Granny Weatherwax. maysherestinpeace. Her death not only felt by everyone in Lancre, but also weakened the barrier of the world that allows the lovecraftian Elves to invade the world. Tiffany the young witch will had to stop the elves invasion.
Characters[edit]
The Discworld books have a vast amount of characters spread all over them, and the books frequently switch between points of view of the various characters. It's not as bad as A Song of Ice and Fire, but there's still a massive cast spread throughout the books, many of whom are recurring characters. The characters below are sorted by sub-series.
Ankh-Morpork City Watch[edit]
"Fabricati Diem, Punc." -AMCW motto.
Samuel Vimes is a cop through and through. He became captain during the decline of the Night Watch, which drove him to drink. During the events involving a dragon making a grab for power Vimes met Lady Sybil Ramkin, one of the foremost nobles in the city. They fell in love and eventually got married, launching him to the top of the social ladder. This did little for his cynicism (but did cure his tendencies as a drunkard) as he now finds that he is the establishment that he opposes. It's all quite zen. Over the course of the books Vimes develops a reputation as an incorruptible badass who arrested Vetinari and lived, arrested two armies for attempted murder, fought werewolves with his bare hands and (while not a lot of people know this) bested an ancient demon of vengeance in a battle of wills. He is a living example of the notion that being Lawful Good does not mean that you have to be nice.
Sybil Ramkin is the only remaining scion of the Ramkin family, one of the foremost real estate owners of the city. This means that her wealth is well into the millions, making her one of the richest, if not THE richest, people in the city. A fair deal of money goes to her hobby and calling: the breeding of swamp dragons. She is an authority on the subject and gladly carries the burden of caring for the little things, namely having all your hair burned off. She is an extremly nice and pleasant woman who can get along with people almost as well as Carrot does. She eventually falls in love with and marries Vimes, who loves her dearly but chafes at the trappings of the rich nobility. She takes an old-fashioned approach to the wedded life. She insists on cooking for her husband (she's rich enough to employ the best chefs in the world) who, despite her lacking skills, loves her cooking and mends his socks without complaint (they're rich enough to buy new socks for every day for the rest of his life), something she's less than good at but Vimes doesn't want to bring this up. Despite growing up in the comfort of nobility she's a massive woman who towers over her husband, a result of being the descendant of old-school barbarian warlords.
Willikins is the butler of the Ramkins family, having been with them since he was a boy. He appears to be the standard snarky-but-polite butler, but in his early days he was in a gang and can kill you with whatever he's got on him. He is almost as dangerous in a fight as Vimes, with much less holding him back from straight-up murdering you if you threaten the Vimes family.
Carrot Ironfoundersson is a dwarf... all 6'6" of him. A young man found and raised by dwarfs, he eventually came to Ankh-Morpork to have it make a man of him. He joined the Night Watch and was instrumental in making the Watch what it is today. Carrot possesses MASSIVE amounts of charisma and naivete, which serve as his main weapons of choice: he treats everyone like jolly good chaps, and they don't have the heart to prove him wrong. Despite this, he's also massively strong, possessing a punch capable of flooring a troll. Readers have noted that while some scenes describe him from another character's point of view and other scenes describe him, but not his point of view, there has never been a scene that describes things from his point of view. This has lead people (both in-universe and real life) to suspect that Carrot is a lot smarter than he lets on and might be playing everyone for some reason. He is pretty much guaranteed to be the heir to the throne of Ankh-Morpork, but he denies knowledge of this (without lying) and all evidence of this fact he gets his hands on tends to... disappear. About as Lawful Good as you can get: he sticks to the rules and makes them work for him.
Sergeant Frederick Colon has been with the Watch longer than anyone, even Vimes. He appears to be a fat bumbling old fool but underneath that he's a... well, fat bumbling old fool that occasionally does something extremely useful. He is a very nice man even if not sharp on the uptake, and knows a lot of retired cops, old friends and former criminals with whom he'll gladly make small talk, which makes him the Watch's unofficial one-man intelligence division. However, putting him in command is ill-advised, as he will crack under the pressure.
Corporal Cecil Wormsborough St. John "Nobby" Nobbs is human. No, seriously, he has an official-looking piece of paper proving it. Extremely ugly, has lots of bad habits, is a petty criminal in his own right and has an odor best left undescribed, Nobby still somehow manages to be liked by people by virtue of his "charisn'tma". He gets along great with Sergeant Colon (often being on patrol with him), frequently popping up in books to comment on the crazy happenings de jour. Is skilled at peacekeeping (that is, being on patrol in areas with lots of peace to keep), crime prevention (stay away from certain areas so that he doesn't steal anything there) and guarding city landmarks against theft.
Delphine Angua von Überwald came to the city to escape her deranged family and shameful past. She turned out to be quite the formidable Watch member, a skilled cop in her own right and with a nose for sensitive cases. She has the tendency to be, in her own words, quite the bitch, but still gets along fine with the rest of the watch, including her boyfriend Carrot. While often cynical towards him and his innocence she cannot help but walk after him like a puppy. Dogged by the feelings that come up in her every month or so she tries her best to keep herself in check and do her job. The head of the City Watch's dog brigade, she can sniff out clues that no other member possibly could. She frequently finds herself being taken hostage, only to turn the tables on her hostage takers and turning them into whimpering wrecks. She also frequently works with special police informant Gaspode; the two of them like each other more than they let on.
Sergeant Detrius is a troll on the rise. Starting out as a splatter (like a bouncer, but trolls use more force) for the Mended Drum, he joined the City Watch. He quickly turned out into a natural sergeant, shouting at people until they got in line. Tends to be quite literal and too dumb to fool but is a good cop and a good troll nonetheless. His weapon of choice is the Piecemaker, a siege crossbow originally designed to shoot metal bars through city gates. He likes to load it with bundles of arrows, turning the thing into a massive shotgun capable of leveling anything and everything that is not directly behind him, including trees, birds flying several hundred feet overhead, and the occasional house. Is very staunchly anti-drugs, which makes sense given how overdose-related deaths by troll drugs are both incredibly common and incredibly messy.
Cheery "Cheri" Littlebottom is the Watch's forensics expert. A former alchemist hired to fight crime WITH SCIENCE. A bit shy and hates to yell at people, which is why her promotion took a while despite her great competence. Became a leader in the dwarfish women movement when she started to wear makeup, earrings and wear skirts, kickstarting it with the encouragement of her close friend Angua.
Salacia Deloresista Amanita Trigestatra Zeldana Malifee [...] von Humpeding, aka Sally. The first vampire in the Watch, much to Vimes' dismay. Despite her looks she's in her early 50s, easily putting her in the top of oldest Watch members. A fine cop in her own right, she eventually leaves the Watch to join the Watch in Bonk, with her position as a Sammy (a cop who worked in Sam Vimes' Watch) carrying much prestige.
Visit-The-Infidels-With-Explanatory-Pamphlets is an Omnian and the most religious member of the Watch. On his off days he and his fellow Omnian "Smite-The-Unbeliever-With-Cunning-Arguments" spread the good word of Om, much to the dismay of everyone else.
Dorfl is a golem, hired by Vimes to piss off the establishment. The first golem who with the ability to talk, in and of itself an act of blasphemy, he is an unstoppable juggernaut capable of walking through doors and walls alike and can manhandle trolls the same way trolls take on humans. As a free golem he saves up his wages to purchase other golems, whom he then frees and asks to help free other golems in the same way. Despite being incredibly intimidating, he is also an incredibly moral being, having forged his own personal code of conduct after Carrot gave him full responsibility for his own actions.
Reginald "Reg" Shoe is a zombie and a natural activist. He died during the events of Night Watch and was allowed to join the Watch because Vimes wanted to stick it to the establishment. A good cop who keeps his stuff together despite he himself falling apart frequently.
Death and Company[edit]
Death is the anthropomorphic personification of death, which manifests as a traditional "Grim Reaper" figure (a scythe-carrying skeleton in a black robe). Initially portrayed as an actively malevolent figure in the first two books, he was subsequently retconned as being a very devoted professional who has become increasingly fond of sapient life over his long service. Being a personification, he has absolutely no proper understanding of human life, but his fascination leads him to keep trying, which tends to go quite wrong.
Susan is Death's grand-daughter, by virtue of her mom having been Death's adoptive daughter and her dad having been Death's temporary apprentice. Unfortunately, her parents were so ashamed of their connections to Death that they brought Susan up with a strictly logical mindset and a belief in rationalism... which, given she lives in the Discworld, which can't make contact with either without the aid of a long stick and a lot of shouting, tends to leave her perpetually frustrated. She has white hair with a black streak in it, and when she blushes she develops three long red marks on her otherwise pale cheeks - when her father quit Death's service, the angry skeleton pimp-slapped him before letting him go, and that scar has carried down in a typical display of Discworld inheritance. This also gives her many of Death's inherent powers, like a mind-controlling voice and the ability to go ethereal when she wants.
The Death of Rats is a rat, or at least the skeleton of a rat, who presides over the demise of rats, hamsters and other tiny rodents. Only speaks in capital SQUEAKS. Sometimes goes around mounted on a raven named Quoth (get it? Quoth the Raven?). Irks Susan on a regular basis by getting dragging her into events that involve her grandfather and/or the fate of the Disc.
Albert is Death's manservant and the first Archchancellor of the Unseen University. He figured that he could become immortal by reversing the rite of Ashe-Kente, used to summon and interrogate Death. It... sort of worked? Essentially, it teleported him to Death's realm, where time stands still, and he's stayed there ever since as he finds it a comfortable enough existence. Most of the time he does the cleaning (which isn't a lot), receive guests (grumble at them), cook (he deep fries EVERYTHING) and help out the workers to make Death's mansion more like a human mansion by installing plumbing and a kitchen. A proudly self-professed evil-tempered old bugger, Albert acts humble to his master, but is still a wizard of the Old School, which means he's got a lot of boom hidden up his sleeves if he ever deigns to use it.
Lancre Witches[edit]
Esmeralda "Granny" Weatherwax is the most infamous witch in the Ramtops Mountains and alongside Samuel Vimes is Pratchett's iconic "Good Don't Mean Nice" character. By her own admission born to be "the bad witch", that karmic role was screwed up when her psychotic sister Lily instead became a truly evil witch whilst still thinking of herself as the good one, leaving a destiny void that Granny felt compelled to fill. She is short-tempered, abrasive, doesn't suffer fools, and imperious, but firmly believes in making the hard choices and doing what's right. It's well-acknowledged that she is "The Crone" of her personal coven, but everyone in the Ramtops discretely refers to that archetype as "The Other One", especially if it appears she's not within earshot. A formidably powerful magic user, she is nonetheless a great advocate of not using magic and instead relying on "headology" - a mixture of down-to-earth common sense, folk remedies, observational skill and her own hefty reputation - to look more mystical and mysterious, because most of the time that's all you really need.
Gytha "Nanny" Ogg is the beloved matriarch of the sprawling Ogg clan of the Ramtops Mountains, an affable and rotund old lady who has lost none of the endearing sleaze that she developed over a youth as a lusty, highly sexual woman. She is "The Mother" of her coven, combining both lecherously good-humored attitude and a warm, maternal nature; people may fear and respect Granny, but they genuinely like Nanny, something that Granny Weatherwax sometimes shows signs of envying. It's been implied that she's actually more magically powerful than Granny, but it's just that A: she's too lazy to really use it, B: she gets a lot more sympathy for coming in second and C: she doesn't want to upset Granny by letting her find out.
Magrat Garlick is the much-put-upon youngest member of the original coven. If Granny Weatherwax is the fairytale wicked witch turned good and Nanny Ogg is the wise earth mother, then Magrat is the good-hearted but soft-headed neo-pagan, who finds herself in over her head when her blissfully dreamy ideals are confronted with the cold, hard realism of her superiors. Despite everything, Magrat does have a heart of gold and dearly wants to help - even if most just ignore her "clearly dotty" ideas and suggestions - and she's got a core of steel deep, deep down inside.
Agnes "Perdia X Dream" Nitt is the chubby "replacement Maiden" for the coven after Magrat leaves it by marrying the King (ex-Fool) of Lancre. A generally mild, inoffensive and shy girl, she's not unattractive but is the result of Lancre selecting for a Brawn Hilda style of beauty and hates herself for it. "Perdita X Dream" is Agnes' idealised fantasy self, a sharp-tongued, aggressive, take-charge version of Agnes who would take no crap from anybody... unfortunately, being a witch caused this fantasy self to become its own split personality and she now lives in Agnes' head, snarkily commenting on Agnes' actions and looking for a chance to steal control of Agnes' body.
Jason Ogg is the eldest son of Nanny Ogg. Said to be the greatest blacksmith and farrier in the world: as long as he's got the horseshoes for it he can put them on it. One of his frequent customers is Death, who occasionally drops by to get Binky shoed. A giant, soft-spoken man who can pick up a pair of adult men by the scruff of their necks.
Shawn Ogg is the jack-of-all-trades at Lancre Castle. If it doesn't require special training he does it with enthusiasm and skill: he delivers mail and messages, serves food, patrols the castle and performs any other odd jobs that need doing. He is a one-man army, as in that he is the entire complement of Lancre's standing army (except when he is lying down).
Wizards[edit]
Rincewind is a cowardly and cynical wizard who has absolutely no talent whatsoever at magic but does have the attention of The Lady (the Disc's unnamed Goddess of Luck, both good and bad), which ensures his life is a neverending stream of dangerous and terrifying misadventures. Talented at running, jogging, sprinting, hoofing it, and surviving things that no man should.
Mustrum Ridcully is the Unseen University's Archchancellor for most of the series, and effectively combines traits of the traditional wizard with that of the stereotype of the gruff, outgoing huntin'-and-sportin' British gentleman.
The Librarian is a wizard and the Unseen University's librarian (obviously) who was polymorphed into an orangutan by a surge of wild magic in the second novel and chose to stay in that form afterwards, as it allowed him to much more effectively work in the library.
Ponder Stibbons: The youngest and most scientifically minded of UU's faculty who's basically running the discworld's version of the Manhattan project in the High Energy Magic building. Also technically holds the most power in UU, as he holds enough positions to give him the controlling vote on what little the faculty actually bother to decide on pursuing.
The Bursar of Unseen University was originally a very mild-mannered chap whose only failing was not quitting his thankless job as UU's accountant. Sadly, the constant abuse seems to have gotten to him over the years, as he is now quite insane. However, his skill with sums is completely unaffected by the madness, so all he needs to function in polite society is a hefty dose of drugs.
The Chair of Indefinite Studies
The Dean is a big fat jerk.
The Lecturer in Recent Runes
The Senior Wrangler
Professor John Hix is the head of the Necrom-*ahem* Post-Mortem Communications department at UU. Required to be evil by University law, but actually quite mild-mannered, he is also a keen member of the local amateur dramatics society.
Citizens of Ankh-Morpork[edit]
Havelock Vetinari, the Patrician is the official Tyrant of Ankh-Morpork, a trained assassin who showcased his intelligence even as a youth by realizing how much the Guild's focus on style impeded its actual effectiveness. Though he could, as he repeatedly points out, rule as a brutal despot, he favors instead using a network of spies and agents to manipulate the city into working the way he wants it (and because he's an extremely clever man, it actually works). A magnificent scheming bastard, he's often seen as invincible and prepared for absolutely everything, but he has been caught off-guard a few times due to truly ludicrous levels of wat.
Rufus Drumknott is Vetinari's loyal and almost deliberately dull assistant.
Moist von Lipwig is a former con artist with an addiction to adrenaline and a serious aversion to violence. Officially, he was executed under the name Albert Spangler for various cons, swindles, and flim-flams. Unofficially, however, he's alive and well, having been recruited by Vetinari to clean up Ankh-Morpork's antiquated civil services. Has such a ridiculously average face that it's nearly impossible to pick him out of a crowd unless he's wearing his trademark gold suit.
Adora Belle Dearheart is the sharp-tempered, abrasive, cutting-tongued, chain-smoking head of the Golem Trust, who gets on better with golems than she does with people. Eventually becomes Moist's girlfriend and subsequently wife.
Lord Downy' is the head of the Assassin's Guild. A cheerful, honorable gentleman who's pleasant demeanor mostly covers the fact that he's in charge of some of the deadliest killers for hire on the Disc.
William de Worde is an idealistic nobleman who becomes the leader of Ankh-Morpork's first newspaper.
Gaspode the Wonder Dog is an ugly, disease-riddled mongrel of a dog who became sapient and capable of speech after eating out of the rubbish dumps of Unseen University. Cynical and sarcastic, he mostly makes a living begging for food, taking advantage of the fact that most people refuse to believe a dog is talking and so his words have an effect like a Charm Person spell.
Cut-Me-Own-Throat Dibbler, also known as CMOT Dibbler or simply Throat is a surprisingly effective street vendor who specializes in selling goods of extremely dubious quality, most commonly his infamous series of mystery meat: meat pies, kebabs, and of course the inimitable, incomparable, and truly indigestible Sausage-Inna-Bun. Has a variety of lookalikes in every culture on the Disc, because wherever people are prepared to buy horrifically overpriced street food there will inevitably be somebody to sell it.
Leonard of Quirm is the incredibly intelligent and multi-talented but super-naive and gentle mad inventor of Ankh-Morpork. Lord Vetinari keeps him secretly locked away in the Palace in order to protect Leonard from the world and the world from him. Invented the airplane, the handgun, the submarine, and the world's first unbreakable cipher.
Chrysophrase is the head of the Breccia, a sort of Trollish Mafia operating out of the meatpacking district. Wears diamond cufflinks explicitly made out of the molars of his enemies, as Trolls' teeth are made of crystallised carbon.
Hughnon Ridcully is the High Priest of Io and unofficial representative of all the priests and clerics in Ankh-Morpork. Mustrum Ridcully's brother and implicitly built along the same lines.
Mr Slant is the city's most infamous lawyer, a zombie created from a man who came back from the dead to get his murderer acquitted and refused to die again when his family refused to pay for his legal counsel. Highly traditional, he continually gets involved in various schemes to disrupt Vetinari's reign, but always gets out unscathed even when they fail. Has an encyclopedic knowledge of civil and criminal precedent, thanks to being the person who wrote most of it.
Others[edit]
The Auditors of Reality are anthropomorphic personifications of The Rules; as their title suggests, they basically see to the smooth, clockwork-like management of all the underlying mechanics that keep the universe running smoothly. Unfortunately, they absolutely hate the very concept of life, finding it unbearably chaotic. Such is their sheer disgust that they undertake several schemes during the course of the series to destroy life, making them the closest thing the setting has to Bad Guys, and they have a bitter enmity for Death, who rather likes the complicated little buggers. They appear as almost harmless; shroud-like gray robes with nothing inside of them, hovering silently in mid-air and communicating through telepathy. They always show up in groups of three or more and always try to avoid personal pronouns; because they believe that to have a sense of I means to have an identity, and to have an identity means to live, and to live means to die, any Auditor who does use a pronoun immediately disintegrates (indeed, they do it so quickly that not one of them has worked out the inherent flaw in their logic) and is seamlessly replaced by a new one. Also, don't tell them that their hatred of life and their dislike of all the extra work that living beings make them do means that they already have an identity independent of their functions.
Twoflower is an accountant from the fantasy-China region of Agatea, who manages to leave the traditionally highly reclusive nation for a tourist visit to Ankh-Morpork. This ultimately leads to a revolution in Agatea when he publishes a book about what he did on his holidays, inadvertently revealing that life does not have to be the highly rigid, formalized tyranny under which the country exists.
Cohen the Barbarian is essentially what you get if you ask "What if Conan the Barbarian lived to be an old codger but never stopped doing the Barbarian Hero schtick?" A cranky and bitter old bastard who is deeply offended at having outlived the era of the Barbarian Hero, sneering at how the world has gotten so soft and straitlaced since his youth. Ultimately, his dissatisfaction with the state of the world and its lack of respect for the Barbarian Heroes who ultimately carved out the foundations for civilization leads him to try and firebomb the gods themselves. Ultimately, Cohen sacrifices himself to save the world (from himself, of course), refuses to believe he's dead, mugs the Valkyries sent to bring him to warrior heaven, and sets off to find adventure in worlds beyond.
Rhys Rhysson is the current Low King of the Dwarves after the events of Thud!
Mr. Shine is the current Diamond King of Trolls, a Diamond Troll whose unparalleled strength and intelligence makes him the traditional ruler of his race.
Lady Margolotta is a female vampire and an intimate acquaintance of Vetinari.
Other Media[edit]
The Hogfather
The Colour of Magic/The Light Fantastic
Discworld Role-Playing Game
Originally released in 1998, with a second edition coming out in 2016. Currently using a set of customised rules based on GURPS 4th edition. Expect all the snark and playing with tropes you can find in original books. http://www.sjgames.com/discworld/
The Inevitable End[edit]
Everything comes to an end, and this fact became apparent for even the Discworld series in 2007 when Terry Pratchett announced that he'd been diagnosed with early onset Alzheimer's disease.
Like the massive badass that he was, Pratchett took this fact in his stride becoming the forerunner of Alzheimer's advocacy and assisted suicide AND still managed to release books on a regular, consistent basis whilst suffering from a disease that causes most sufferers to spend the rest of their days babbling in a retirement home.
But, unfortunately, despite much protestations from fans and signs to prove he was doing very well despite this affliction, Pratchett died in 2015.
What makes this whole damn thing so sad is that, given his relationship both literary and philosophical with death, we know almost for a fact that he was probably completely fine with it. To add a bittersweet bow to the top of the sadness cake, he instructed his assistant to post the following to announce his passing:
"AT LAST, SIR TERRY, WE MUST WALK TOGETHER.
Terry took Death's arm and followed him through the doors and on to the black desert under the endless night.
The End."
After his death the hard drive containing all of his unfinished work was, as per his explicit wishes, destroyed by a steamroller. The wish was granted on August 25th by Lord Jericho, a vintage John Fowler & Co steamroller at the Great Dorset Steam Fair and overseen by Rob Wilkins, manager of the Pratchett estate. The wry sense of humor behind this act was appreciated by many fans.
TL;DR RIP Terry Pratchett. You will forever live on in the heart of fa/tg/uys and fa/tg/irls the world round.
Retrieved from "https://1d4chan.org/index.php?title=Discworld&oldid=565667"


text:
← American Sociological Association releases SCOTUS brief
What is the logic of marriage denial? →
Can the marriage movement survive gay marriage?
Originally published on TheAtlantic.com as, "The Most Surprising Thing About Conservatives Embracing Gay Marriage"
Pichi Chuang/Reuters
Maggie Gallagher, who more than almost anyone is the face of marriage-rights denial, is justifiably upset about the course chosen by another leading face of the cause, David Blankenhorn. Whichever side wins (and "winning" in this context may simply mean maintaining a donor base sufficient to keep their jobs), the chaos on the family right is interesting and important.
The question they face is this: Can a "marriage" movement survive on gender-neutral terms? That is, are they willing to settle for promoting stable, monogamous parental bonds even if a tiny portion of those bonds are between people of the same sex? At stake, Gallagher fears, is nothing less than the cherished view of men and women as inherently complementary in their essential oppositeness, without which society goes down the drain.
Blankenhorn now stands opposed to that view. President of the Institute for American Values, he recently stopped resisting the march of marriage rights after serving as a standard-bearer for the cause. His capitulation was stunning, as he had previously been dedicated enough to testify as an expert (until his qualifications were disqualified) in the federal case against Proposition 8 in California. In the wake of Blankenhorn's reversal, Gallagher—best known for running the National Organization for Marriage—has emerged as the purist's answer to the outbreak of tolerance (which now includes a number of former-A-list Republicans).
In a piece on her website, Gallagher compares the statement she co-signed with Blankenhorn in 2000, called "The Marriage Movement: A Statement of Principles," with his new "Call for a New Conversation." The comparison is revealing.
In 2000, the movement declared:
Marriage is a universal human institution, the way in which every known society conspires to obtain for each child the love, attention and resources of a mother and father.
Forget the erroneous reading of human history and culture that statement implies for the moment and just think about the vision it conjures for contemporary marriage politics: Marriage, man and woman, mother and father. This is what Gallagher likes—it's not gender-neutral.
In his new statement, Blankenhorn has substituted generic, almost bureaucratic language:
Because marriage is the main institution governing the link between the spousal association and the parent-child association, marriage is society's most pro-child institution.
To Gallagher, this distinction is fundamental. She wants to keep the gender of the spouses at the center of the effort to maintain a preferred family structure through public policy. Blankenhorn and his co-signers, on the other hand, are willing to ignore that issue and merely demand marriage between "spouses."
As Gallagher writes, "That is the difference gay marriage makes in how we converse about marriage." In decision after decision, appellate judges have failed to find that gay marriage hurts straight marriage—and I agree. But Gallagher has a point that the possibility of same-sex marriage (what I prefer to call homogamy) changes the linguistic frame of reference. If marriage is all about stability and well-being for children, then the gender of the parents doesn't matter and Blankenhorn is right. But if it's really about the man-woman marriage and the traditional gender dichotomy, then this change is truly cataclysmic.
The genderless marriage movement
Whether the difference between Gallagher and Blankhorn's articulations of marriage is really a big deal is the question of the day for the family right. But it is fascinating that in Blankenhorn's new statement there is no mention of men, women, fathers or mothers—or even love. That's some marriage movement.
By one interpretation, Blankenhorn sold out in the face of gay marriage's advance, waiting barely a month last summer to jump on President Obama's delayed-embrace bandwagon. He used to oppose gay marriage, Blankenhorn wrote, because it was part of the "deinstitutionalization" of marriage, its transformation from a "structured institution with a clear public purpose" to the mere "licensing of private relationships." He still believes all that, he says, but now he has "no stomach" for culture wars, and besides, "the time for denigrating or stigmatizing same-sex relationships is over."
Although he futilely promises, "I am not recanting any of it," Blankenhorn seems relieved to have abandoned the issue. He may have realized gay marriage brought what used to be called the"marriage movement" to its knees, tying up their dwindling resources in a losing battle that also cost them the support of small-government conservatives and a generation of laissez-faire young people who don't want government to legislate people's sex lives.
But maybe he was really ahead of the curve, recognizing the inherent conservativeness waiting to emerge from the marriage rights movement. Maybe it was gay rights politics—not conservatives—that were distracted by the marriage battle. So they fought for membership in a conservative institution instead of for the more ambitious agenda of destabilizing gender itself. Maybe, by explicitly coopting them at their moment of triumph, Blankenhorn's apparent fallback is actually a clever strategy to revive traditionalist moralism in the public sphere.
That's an interesting argument, and there are more positions than just these. But either way, Gallagher has a point that Blankenhorn's "new conversation" about marriage is not just a return to the good old days of the culture wars before gay marriage became an issue. It's throwing in the towel on the ideal of marriage as an institution for maintaining gender distinction.
Filed under In the news, Politics
Tagged as homogamy, law, marriage, politics
23 responses to "Can the marriage movement survive gay marriage?"
So then do we think that most leaders of the marriage movement oppose same-sex marriage not because they have problems with homosexuality but because they desperately want to cling to a fading ideal vision of the essentialism of gender? Do they like gay people but just want to continue to believe that men and women are inherently (inflexibly) different in certain ways (and amazingly, they know what those differences are, and even more amazingly, those differences relate to 21st century America!)?
Or is this just a ruse? Is support for gender roles in parenting just a convenient reason to continue to discriminate against a group they honestly just don't like? My guess would be it's a little bit of both.
Andy, I think you're right on this – a little bit of both. But there's more. There are humans involved.
Some "academics" (as well as people in many kinds of work), over time, begin to believe themselves as they are continually rewarded by atttention. By taking it to the extremes, so to speak, they receive even more attention. We are their "looking glass selves," in a way, and they become increasingly committed to their perceived persona. The rewards flow, the recognition flows, and scientific "neutrality" goes – whoosh – out the door.
olderwoman
I do remember when many gay people opposed the whole institution of marriage and the ways in which supporting same-sex marriage was viewed as a conservative sell-out. There was a specific turn when the right to marry became "the" issue. I remember also the feminist critiques of the nuclear family.
Apart from the people who seek to use gay-bashing for political ends, most of the deep-seated opposition to gay marriage specifically and homosexuality more broadly is coming from older people reared in a different culture with a different sense of taken-for-granteds. It is easy to construct a socially conservative view that says that if you are going to be homosexual, it is better for you and society for you to be monogamous.
I think there's a useful non-ideological conversation to have about how much social policy should support and even incentivize stable pair-bonding especially while children are being reared versus how much society should support individual people and children's well-being in whatever social configurations they are in. I can think of good arguments on both sides of that discussion and wish we could have it.
Thanks, OW. I agree. (I have tried for several years to find an undergrad willing to say they oppose gay marriage with no luck.) The problem with "incentivizing" coupling for parents is that it's the same thing as a penalty for being single — and we already have a lot of that. If being married or otherwise coupled is a benefit — because married people are happier, healthier, richer, live longer, etc. — and marriage is chosen more often by rich or well-educated people, then maybe it would be better policy to tax them to help support poor, not-married parents.
str8grandmother
Olderwoman, a thought occurred to me after reading your comment that you might want to participate in David Blankenhorn's "A New Conversation on Marriage"
It is nice to see this blog article because it explains to me what Maggie article was about. Maybe I am just not as smart as everybody else but I could not get to what she was trying to say. She must be a busy woman doing other things because she has not answered me back where I asked her to give me some concrete examples of gender norms that are slipping making boys not do as well as girls now days. I know and understand in her view Civil Marriage is *one* of them, but there must be others as well. We can't hang the whole "boys are failing" on Civil Marriage for sexual minorities, there must be other gender norms that are slipping. I have not been able to comment further because I don't know what slipping gender norms she is thinking of.
I wish David Blankenhorn would pick a side and stick with it though. In this same article he tells Maggie, "Children do best with married bio mother and bio father" I am really having a hard time understanding the conflicting positions of Blankenhorn. You know, I like his revised statement taking gender out of the definition of marriage, but then in the next breath he says kids do best with bio mom & dad. It's like watching a table tennis match sometimes. Ping-Pong-Ping-Pong.
David Blankenhorn
This may be the single most stupid piece of writing about me that I've ever come across — and believe me, I've come across a few! There is the apparently obligatory, when Mr. Cohen is concerned, saracasm and mean-spiritedness (keeping one's donor base, futile arguments, etc). Then there are the cheap, utterly false accusations, such as the charge that I now believe that gender does not matter. Then there are the speculations about my motives — all of them (the speculations), I can assure you, uninformed and false. Most of all, there is the sheer, mind-numbing incoherence. If Mr. Cohen has a substantive point to make — other than congratulating himself for his superior morals and insights and putting other people down — I cannot figure out what it is.
Coupla notes:
1. The issue of the donor base was discussed extensively in the NYT article I referenced.
2. The issue of not caring about gender was Gallagher's interpretation – plus it's absence from the "Call" document is sort of obvious once you think about it.
3. My Atlantic editor Eleanor Barkin did what she could about the incoherence – I will pass along the feedback.
4. The mean-spiritedness and high moral self-evaluation are reserved for people who have devoted substantial portions of their professional careers to opposing the human and civil rights of their innocent fellow citizens. The bar for moral superiority is pretty low in such cases.
David, if there is one thing I have learned about you, and I learned this directly from reading you. You have the thinnest skin of any public figure in my memory. If anybody says the least little thing about you that "could" be interpreted as unflattering you go off. You are extremely overly sensitive to criticism. In fact I didn't think this was a nasty article about you at all. The point Philip makes is a valid one, both you and Maggie are dependent on large donors. You both have ""I need to make a living, skin in the game"
At least on this website I won't get banned. You try and keep this facade going on the Family Scolars blog by virtually banning anyone who calls you out. You disguise it as being "uncivil" but that is a dodge. I was recently banned because I commented on a video of a talk you gave and said that although you say you are now a supporter of Civil Rights for sexual minorities when you talk about them your voice and your body language are very contorted. In other words when speaking about your now support you are never happy, or I should say you do not project being happy about it. I was trying to help you actually but with your typical thin skin you deleted the comments and banned me. You do NOT brook honest criticism at ALL.
Here is another example. When Elizabeth Marquardt wrote her, "I am now resigned to gay Marriage column" I commented and I quite civilly asked for clarification because the way she wrote it did not indicate "support" she wrote she was resigned to it happening. Completely CIVIL comment deleted. Because Elizabeth did not want anyone else to notice the point I was making. I was an early commenter maybe comment 3 or 4. I think it was the next day finally she said about gay marriage being a reality, "Let's put it this way I won't do a happy dance" That is support? You fail to understand Daavide that censorship shows weakness. Oh you banned my comment on HuffPo to, LOL? That comment was simply, "I wonder if the authors have ability to delete comments ? Amusingly THAT comment was posted then deleted, so I guess I got my answer. The reason I bring up the deleting of comments and banning people is because it goes right back to being overly sensitive to criticism and being very fussy about projecting and "image". To the point of guarding the gate so that you can shape the message, deleting things based on viewpoint, not based at all on civility.
I was very civilly telling you David that your in person demeanor lacks warmth and acceptance of sexual minorities. You are uptight when you speak about them. You want to ban me for that? No problem. But people know David, it is widely known how you operate at FS.
Philip I thought this was a very coherent article and I enjoyed it and I REALLY did NOT think at ALL is was a slam on Blankenhorn. He's just got such thin skin, it's a shame really, because I do think he is a good person.
Being that straight people are marrying less while the gay marriage rate goes up as it is legalized, the straight marriage movement probably will start focusing more on straight people. But at the same time, unmarried couples are experiencing less bias than ever before so I hope NOM goes easy on them.
My basic point is that, aside from self-righteous posturing and put-downs, you have nothing to say. I mean, nothing of substance to say. If you would like to engage me in an actual give-and-take conversation — on this blog, for example — we could test out my hypothesis. You could say something about what I think. And then I could repond. And then we could go back and forth. Like that. See if anyting emerges that might shed light on anything.
David – I've written almost 500 posts on this blog, and each one has a public comment section. Go to town. I get an email every time someone comments so I'll be sure to read what you write. My general rule is: The more effort a reader puts into a comment the more I try to respond substantively. To assist in your browsing, you might try posts under the "marriage" or "homogamy" tags in the strip on the right side of the page. (I normally delete personal insults of the kind you have posted here, but I'm leaving yours up because I'm afraid they're boosting my street cred.)
My point, to repeat, is that, apart from empty posturing, you have nothing of substance to say about me or my work. I wasn't asking you if I could read your blog posts. I was asking you if you wanted to have an actual conversation with me, so that we could test my thesis that you have nothing of substance to say about me or my work. I take it that you are declining my offer, which I certainly understand.
What I was getting at with my suggestion that you browse the previous posts was an attempt at a polite way of saying: No, I do not really want to discuss you with you on this blog. You have lots of forums in which to discuss yourself. I do, however, have lots "of substance" to say about the issues you care about (in addition to yourself), such as marriage, and homogamy in particular. What I meant was, if you're interested in "an actual conversation" apart from one about yourself, you might try conversing about that.
I understand. I'm interesting enough to you for you to write and publish an article about my views, but when I tell you that the article in question is silly and without substance, and challenge you to engage with me directly, in your own forum, about its contents, you don't want to do that. I undestand. I guess you are just a busy guy.
Holly Heard
Ok, if we could turn the conversation back to the substance of the article, and I think it does have some…
My reading of it (Philip please tell me if I am mistaken) is that the "Call for a New Conversation" that David espouses no longer suggests that actively maintaining gender difference (by arguing that children must have both a mother and a father) is one of the core purposes of marriage. (Fyi: I interpret this idea of actively seeking to maintain gender differentiation as quite different from recognizing any gender difference that exists.) Maggie Gallagher has some problem with a marriage movement that does not have gender differentiation as a core part of its goals. Philip is presenting both of those perspectives, and wondering if a new marriage movement can argue for a marital institution that does not work to maintain gender distinction, without going even farther and destabilizing gender completely.
So, David, I think Philip is asking you to grapple directly with the issue of gender in your new conversation. Can you have a marriage movement without active gender differentiation? What are the challenges of making that argument? Will this lead to the destabilization of gender itself, and is that a good or bad thing?
Holly, well written. Thank you.
Thanks, Holly. I agree that's the question. It's also related to the Olderwoman question: to what extent is the gay rights movement demand for marriage rights conservative or subversive? In Blankenhorn's previous work – and his Proposition 8 trial testimony – he argued that same-sex marriage would *probably* lead to the decline of marriage (and increase in divorce) for exactly that reason: undermining the marriage-defining concept of opposites brought together.
Hmm… Andrew Sullivan is one who argues for marriage equality as a conservative, as one who values tradition, commitment, pair bonding, though he doesn't really engage the gender question very much. But I had a recent conversation with a friend who argues from the subversive side. In her words, "the best thing for straight marriage would be to queer it up," that changing up the gendered expectations in marriage would be especially beneficial to help women construct more satisfying marriages. One could argue that gay marriage is actually good for straight marriage, at least for a more egalitarian, non-gendered form that may be more stable in our modern society. I hadn't thought of that before.
Thanks, Holly. I guess it depends what you mean by "good for marriage." For the "marriage movement," this is mostly measured by quantity of (straight) marriage – that is, more people married for more years of their lives. If you're trying to make marriage an egalitarian institution, and judge that "good" for marriage, then you may be playing for a different team…
Jonathan Justice
I do understand the high-mindedness of most of this, but it does seem to me that one of the more obvious benefits to ostensibly traditional marriage to be found in building cultural support for same sex marriage is simply that it may tend to reduce the frequency of those annoying marriages where one or both parties attempt to conceal sexual orientation by marrying a person of a gender that does not interest them sexually. While, of course, some persons look forward to the mess of manipulation and recrimination that that sort of thing leads to, it does not raise the general opinion of any sort of marriage.
More broadly, a marriage movement which measures success by what percentage of the population enters into a heterosexual marriage has not adequately considered its aims. Our culture is painfully aware that some of those marriages are ill-considered. That means that there is a lot of work to do in terms of how well marriages work. To be less seriously focused would seem, in the matters discussed above, to be yet another arena for manipulation and recrimination.
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Reblogged this on Project ENGAGE.

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Animal Crossing: New Horizons will get Super Mario Bros items on March 1
Come March and Animal Crossing: New Horizons will see a new update! The icing on the cake is that the game will also have Super Mario Bros-themed items for the players to enjoy. Nintendo announced the good news about the game during the Nintendo Direct broadcast recently, revealing that a new Mario Golf game, a new Super Smash Bros, and Ultimate fighter will feature.
The free Animal crossing swimming update lets you explore the sea around your lovely island!
The new update to the game will also add fashion and furniture Super Mario Bros themes. A sneak peek of the update was offered during the broadcast. If the player pays close attention to the end of the Nintendo's teaser video, they can also spot a quick scrolling list of the Super Mario Bros items available soon on the Nook Shop. It includes a mushroom mural, Princess Peach dress and shoes, the super Wario outfit, block flooring, Yoshi's Egg rug, shells, Thwomp, the question block, and many more. Players will be able to place these game items anywhere on their island and acquire and place two warp pipes. These pipes will prove useful to travel from one part of the island to another swiftly.
The new Super Mario additions to the game are to celebrate the prolonged Mario 35th anniversary. It is one of the several Mario-themed things that Nintendo is featuring recently. This isn't the first time players will see Super Mario-themed items in the Animal Crossing game franchise. It has become a great tradition since the original Animal Crossing game. The Super Mario Bros items have earlier appeared in all Animal Crossing games since the original one, including the mobile title Animal Crossing: Pocket Camp.
About Animal Crossing
Animal Crossing is a social simulation video game developed and published by Nintendo. In the Animal Crossing version, the player character is a human who lives in a village that anthropomorphic animals inhabit. The character carries out activities like fishing, bug catching, and fossil hunting. The series is famous for the open-ended game-play and extensive use of the video console's internal clock and calendar to simulate a real-time passage.
Since its launch in 2001, five Animal Crossing games have been released, one each for the Nintendo 64/iQue Player, Nintendo DS, Wii, Nintendo 3DS, and Nintendo Switch. The series is a successful one and has sold more than 40 million units across the world. Three spin-off games titled Animal Crossing: Happy Home Designer for Nintendo 3DS, Animal Crossing: Amiibo Festival for Wii U, and Animal Crossing: Pocket Camp have also been released so far.
tagged in Animal Crossing, Animal Crossing New Horizons, Nintendo, Super Mario Bros
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Crysis is making a grand comeback on Nintendo's Switch – thirteen years after the game's original release.
Nintendo Switch runs Crysis in Digital Foundry's Graphical Review
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Posted on February 20, 2020 November 30, 2020 by claire lardizabal
Summer art camps are a great way for children and teens to unwind and channel creativity in a positive and encouraging environment. There are multiple options once school's out of session, from throwing pottery on a wheel to learning to write fiction — there's something for every artistic interest. We spoke to three experts about how their nontraditional summer art camps can create lasting and meaningful experiences.
This summer, Page Zekonis of Open Window Studios is hosting her third Art-Away Excursion. Teens will head to Santa Fe, New Mexico, to spend a week exploring art and learning from working artists.
"We see exhibits, contemporary and traditional, and get exposure to a wide range of how artists work," Zekonis explains. "They gain experience by meeting a working artist in their studio and have a real dialogue about how an artist lives and creates. It's an experiential kind of thing."
On the trip, students will be given the opportunity to tour Georgia O'Keefe's studio, take a private tour at Nedra Matteucci Gallery, and even spend an afternoon in the wild immersive art of Meow Wolf. And, of course, there's daily time to make art, either on-site or back at the home studio.
Because it's a small group (the trip is limited to eight students), Zekonis says students can bond and become a big, art-loving family.
"The environment becomes very safe, and they don't feel judged," Zekonis says. "It gives them permission to explore quirky ideas, hold each other up, and be honest with what they want to do."
At Blossom Bilingual Preschool, director Marie-Pierre Nicoletti immerses young children in an authentic French learning environment using two unlikely tools — food and thread. A woman of many trades, Nicoletti studied cooking and sewing in France and has taught the French language for more than 20 years. Her students range from ages 3-7 and enjoy learning outdoors and in the kitchen.
"It feels very natural, they don't question it," Nicoletti says. Depending on what the theme of the week is (in the past, they have done forest, farm and fairy themes), students will have the chance to play and picnic outside and choose to participate in outdoor crafts or French cuisine in the kitchen.
"It makes the language apprenticeship more interesting and more engaging," Nicoletti says. "It's easier to remember if someone tells you in the language, 'Pass the bread or flour.'
"It's important to be exposed to a foreign language at any age. It doesn't have to be French. It provides an opportunity for the brain to grow and connect and learn sounds that don't belong to their native language and develop muscles in the mouth for pronunciation."
For teens who want to take their literary skills to the next level this summer, the Boulder Writing Studio is the space for them. Carla Riccio, development director and writing instructor, leads workshops for aspiring novelists and nonfiction writers.
These afternoon sessions start with learning about each other's writing styles and interests. Riccio makes sure to expose students to a variety of contemporary literature.
"I know they're reading Heart of Darkness and The Great Gatsby in school; they should also be exposed to a hot new 20- or 30-something [year-old] author," Riccio says. "It's important to share with them what's going on in that scene."
Riccio shares works like Friday Black by Nana Kwame Adjei-Brenyah, In the Dream House: A Memoir by Carmen Maria Machado, and the late Lucia Berlin's A Manual for Cleaning Women. During the workshop young writers develop their own ideas and let their imaginations run wild from there. After, they'll do peer revisions, readings for family and friends, and learn about the submission process, even long after camp is over.
"We do treat them as bona fide emerging contemporary writers, so we give them the same respect and belief and tools as if we were running a MFA," Riccio says. "They have the experience of what it's like being an author, how to be a workshop participant, and give good feedback.
"We teach the language of supportive constructive feedback, which is usually a setting they won't find themselves in until college. It's a skill to learn, and it's helpful creating that vibe that we're a community of writing peers who support each other's work."
With so many options, it's never been easier to nurture your child's creative mind.
Written for Boulder Weekly, Special Edition: Kids Camps.
CategoriesBoulder Weekly
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Industry leader Al Rahm has been named president of C.D. Peacock, which has five luxury retail stores in metropolitan and suburban Chicago. Rahm has 30 years of experience in the industry and recently served as president of retail for Birks & Mayors.
Jewelers Mutual has added Donna Syverson to its staff as director of personal lines marketing. Syverson, who has more than 18 years of experience in marketing, began her working career in a jewelry store and later ran her own jewelry business. She most recently worked as vice president of marketing at Capital Credit Union in Kimberly, Wis.
Frank O. LaRoux, a jewelry industry veteran with over 37 years of experience, will join Color Craft as national sales manager. LaRoux started his career in store operations with Zales and spent 27 years in retail, serving as vice president of merchandising at Kay Jewelers, Sterling, and Friedman's. He also worked as a national sales manager for Am-Gold, general merchandise manager for LID, and, most recently, president of EMA-USA Diamond Manufacturers.
Diamond Staffing Solutions Inc. has named Rachel Treitelman Rosin as regional sales manager for the Northeast. Rosin will handle recruiting and servicing of corporate clients in the New York City, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania areas. Rosin, a graduate of the City College of New York, has served as an independent consultant to the jewelry industry since 2001. From 1981 through 2001, Rosin was the U.S. market liaison for De Beers.
Epsilon Jewelry Corp. has appointed Brian Callahan as Midwest account executive. Callahan has 20 years experience in the jewelry industry.


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De Bonne-Chièremolen in de stad Brugge staat op de Kruisvest, aan de rand van het stadscentrum. De molen kent zijn bouwjaar in 1844 en fungeert als koren- en oliemolen.

Geschiedenis
De molen werd in 1844 gebouwd in Olsene (Oost-Vlaanderen). Op 16 mei 1876 werd de molen verkocht aan een molenaar te Brugge, Rotsaert Edouard genaamd. In 1903 werd de Bonne-Chièremolen omvergeworpen door een hevige storm. Een gedeelte van de molen kwam in het kanaal terecht. In 1906 werd de molenwal van de oude Bonne-Chièremolen aangekocht om de molen te kunnen herbouwen. De molen staat er nu nog steeds, maar men kan hem niet bezoeken.

Galerij

Molen in Brugge
Standerdmolen
Onroerend erfgoed in Brugge
Beschermd monument in Vlaanderen

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One of the simplest ways to exercise your dog is by taking him for daily walks. However, some people fail to walk their dogs after a period of time due to boredom and lack of motivation. This is completely understandable because doing the same thing day in day out can be dull and uninteresting sometimes. But the good news is that there are several ways in which you can spice up your dog walk to make it more interesting and fun.
Dogs spend most of their time at home while their owners work. Therefore, taking yours out for a walk is the only chance he gets to explore the great outdoors. But your dog can get bored if you take the same route daily and walk without giving him an opportunity to sniff the different new smells and sights out there. So, why not try doing things a little differently this time to see if it'll make him excited. If possible, stop after every 2 or 3 feet to allow your best friend to sniff around.
Instead of walking through your neighborhood, take your pet to your local park. I'm sure there are numerous beautiful things that will thrill him at the park. Alternatively, try switching your route and walking pace to add some variety. For instance, try heading left instead of right the next time you go out. It's a great way for you and your dog to explore new trails. And if you usually walk at a slow pace, try brisk walking or even jogging to make things more exciting.
Thanks to technological advancement, most people nowadays prefer to keep in touch via social media instead of hanging out in real life. I'd rather text my friends or chat with them on Facebook or Whatsapp to know how they're doing instead of going out together. This is partly because of the busy schedules that we deal with most days of the week as well as how convenient technology has made keeping in touch to be. However, if you want to maintain happy and fulfilling relationships with your friends and family in the long term, you have to create time to be with them in the real world. One way of doing so is by inviting that best friend that you haven't seen in a while for a dog walk. I'm sure both you and your dog will appreciate the extra company.
What do you intend to achieve from your daily dog walk? Do you want to help you or your dog to lose weight? If so, how many pounds? If this is your goal, you might want to consider walking 10% more the first week, and once you're comfortable, increase the time and pace gradually in the subsequent weeks. Setting goals (preferably every week) for your walk can help you stay motivated until you achieve whatever it is you want. This is especially true when there's a reward every time you reach your goal. A reward here can be anything from a healthy treat for you and your pet to a belly rub for your dog while watching TV. Use these simple tips to make walking with your dog more interesting and enjoyable.


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Gingerbread house competition returns to Victoria
"The Amalfi Amalgamation" created by: Tracy Aitchison, Tina Ware and Liana Tupper for the "Coastal Living"-themed 2020 competition is shown: (Habitat for Humanity Victoria)
Dozens of detailed gingerbread houses will soon be on display at hotels across Victoria.
The 13th annual Gingerbread Showcase in support of Habitat for Humanity Victoria will launch on Nov. 20.
Approximately 25 gingerbread houses will be on display at four hotels. Each gingerbread creation is made entirely out of edible materials, and some volunteer builders spend as many as 100 hours working on their art, according to Habitat for Humanity.
"At Home on the Ocean" created by: Sheena Wells for the "Coastal Living"-themed 2020 competition is shown: (Habitat for Humanity Victoria)
Visitors can view the gingerbread houses for free before voting for their favourite creations in six different categories:
Best first impression
Best use of skill and technique
Most creative and original
Most diverse use of ingredients
Best interpretation of the theme
People's Choice Award
It's free to cast a vote online or by tap at each display, though voters are encouraged to make a donation when they do.
"Sea to Sky" created by Brin Nyvall for the "Coastal Living"-themed 2020 competition is shown: (Habitat for Humanity Victoria)
This year's theme is "the Future of Home," according to Habitat for Humanity.
"It has been a rollercoaster year for all of us as we rode the waves of COVID-19, so we are excited to be able to present visitors with an opportunity to view this year's fabulous gingerbread creations both online and in person," said Kelly King, director of communications and giving for Habitat for Humanity Victoria.
The four hotels hosting this year's gingerbread showcase are the Parkside Hotel & Spa, the Chateau Victoria, the Marriott Inner Harbour and the Doubletree.
The gingerbread displays are open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. daily until Jan. 2.
Meteorite that crashed through B.C. ceiling diverted to that path about 470 million years ago: scientists


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