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American History Now
Classroom conversation and cultural commentary / Jim Cullen
Freely Unequal (Part II)
The following is the second of a series of posts on the relationship between freedom and equality in U.S. history. The previous post is below.
In a contemporary context, you may not find Abraham Lincoln's famous assertion that "if slavery is not wrong, then nothing is wrong" all that remarkable a statement. You think of that as natural, and always have. In fact, as far as you know, pretty much everyone thinks of it as natural. And always has. If you or someone you know doesn't feel slavery is wrong, such a sentiment is not likely to get public expression. We all understand that there are plenty of ills in American society today, but we tend to think slavery isn't one of them, even though there are anecdotal reports of it surfacing again, particularly in poor immigrant communities. Some of those responsible for such evils justify their exploitation of others by distinguishing what they do from slavery – "Hey, she can quit whenever she wants" – and we (perhaps grudgingly) accept that distinction. There's a line there, a line between slave and free, that's real and clear.
Except that there isn't. Even when slavery was widely practiced, there were different kinds. The kind you tend to think of when you think about early American history is chattel slavery, in which some human beings were the personal property of other human beings. They could be bought and sold like livestock or inanimate objects, and had no say in their fate. But elsewhere in the world, and at earlier times in the history of the world, slavery took different forms. In the ancient world, winning armies would take the losers – or, very commonly, their wives and children – as prizes, enslavement as the fruit of victory. In many societies, however, slaves had formal and informal legal rights (like religious privileges), might enjoy some degree of autonomy and mobility, and could hope for earning or receiving their freedom. In ancient Rome, for example, slaves could attain positions of considerable administrative power in managing the affairs of their elite masters, and enjoy at least an element of status greater than most freedmen.
In English North America this was rare. Most slavery was chattel slavery. The practice of indentured servitude, in which individuals were bound to a master for a fixed (in theory) term, was technically not slavery. But during the period when a person was under such supervision, they were for all intents and purposes enslaved – indentured servitude was de facto, if not de jure, slavery. For much of American history, people have also been subject to wage slavery. Unlike chattel slaves, wage slaves are actually paid for their work. But the pay they receive is so meager that they are entirely dependent on their wages for their biological survival. As Karl Marx's collaborator Frederick Engels explained the concept in 1847, "The slave is sold once and for all; the proletarian must sell himself daily and hourly."
You may disagree that wage slavery is, strictly speaking, slavery. You may say the same about indentured servitude (though indentured servants were known to sell the services of their own children in the hope of climbing out of debt themselves). But I think you would have to admit that slavery has not really been exactly the same at all times and places, and that whatever essence it may have is more subtle than it appears. (You might also say that no man is a slave who can think for himself or who can find some way to resist or subvert the will of his master – like the proverbial "lazy" slave who can never seem to get work done – and at least some people will agree with you. But not everybody.) To at least some degree, slavery has a threshold – it's less of a line than a spectrum.
If that's that case, then what's the other end of that spectrum? Or, to put it more starkly: what's the opposite of slavery? I believe most people would say that the opposite of slavery is freedom. But I think the matter is more complicated than that. Yes: slavery is a form of being subject to restraint, and freedom is matter of lacking restraints, but the two tend to interlock rather than diverge. In fact, many people have argued – for thousands of years – that not only are freedom and slavery compatible, but that freedom depends on slavery. For the ancient Greeks, a citizen could only participate in politics when he had slaves to take care of the daily drudgery of maintaining an estate and freeing him for the higher calling of statecraft. Freedom is also more than political: there's also religious freedom, economic freedom, personal freedom, and so on. There's also the distinction to be made between positive freedom (freedom to) and negative freedom (freedom from).
In an American context, freedom is typically defined in political terms: a negative freedom, expressed in limits on what the government can do to you (limits like those in the Bill of Rights in the Constitution, for example). One of the most cherished limits in Anglo-American law is property rights – your sense of security in knowing that what's yours is yours, and that no one can take it away: that's freedom. Including the freedom to own other people. You think that sounds strange. But for almost 250 years, that was common sense. It was also explicitly the law of the land.
So if the opposite of slavery is not freedom, then what is? I'm not sure. But if slavery is a spectrum, I believe the far end of it is equality. Equality – social, political, whatever – means treating everybody the same. It means all people having an equivalent degree of power in their relationship with each other, which means that no one has the ability, or the right, to dominate or control anybody else. Equality is in this sense a check on freedom, but the experience of equality is also a form of freedom, a knowledge that domination cannot be achieved nor imposed. Conversely, inequality is the power differential, the enabling mechanism, by which slavery becomes possible. Not inevitable – it's possible to have inequality without slavery: there's space on the spectrum for that. But there can be no slavery without inequality, and the greater the concentration of inequality the greater tyranny can be.
The thing that I find endlessly compelling – fascinating, confusing, troubling – is that while slavery is virtually inadmissible in American life today, inequality is not. Plainly put, we take it for granted. In a way, that's not hard to understand at all. Certain kinds of inequality not only seem permissible or necessary, but are actively celebrated, like the championship team that prevails over its rivals and is rewarded with a wealth of attention. Others are more ordinary: there are certain things I can do, wages I will receive, by virtue – note that word – of this degree or that expertise.
One reason we don't find this especially problematic is that some kinds of inequality have a sense of reciprocal responsibility built into them. Parents have all kinds of power children don't, but there's a collective social understanding that they are accountable for the welfare of their children. That doesn't always happen, of course. But it's what we expect. Similarly, as a teacher I have certain privileges that students don't – I don't get detention – but my job is to aid your intellectual and social development, and if I fail to do that there are any number of negative consequences that will follow, ranging from you tuning me out, to making fun of me behind my back, to me losing my job. One of the reasons I (unlike some) don't really consider the medieval institution of serfdom in medieval feudalism to be a form of slavery is that there was always an understanding that the serfs of a manor had a right to expect protection from their lord, which is one of the reasons why medieval warfare so often took the form of armies ravaging the countryside as a way of showing peasants that their current lord is failing them and that they should transfer their loyalty. One could make the argument – some did – that slavery, too, rested on reciprocal responsibility, but slaveholders were inconsistent at best in making that argument, and it was never codified as such in law. Under chattel slavery in the United States, you had no more obligation to your slave than your hat.
There are forms of inequality in contemporary life where there is no such sense of reciprocal responsibility, either. Take good looks. We all know that some of us are more physically attractive than others, and that while there's some degree of subjectivity involved in this, there's general consensus about who's attractive and who's not. But we don't feel that being beautiful confers any particular obligation to those who are less so. Unlike a college degree, attractiveness is not something you can systemically acquire (even if it requires increasing amounts of maintenance and will ultimately perish). Beauty falls into the realm of what might be considered God-given. Like intelligence. Or health. Or, to a great degree, wealth, which is very often inherited, and where there's no formal expectation you should simply give it all away, even if there are pressures, internal or external, to convert it to some good use.
One key difference between feudalism and more contemporary forms of inequality is that unlike feudalism, we tend not to think of our inequalities as fixed. Children are not the equal of parents at the start of their lives, but they often grow up and become parents themselves. Intelligence, like wealth, may be inherited, but knowledge and money can be earned – and such earned capital may prove to be more pivotal than the inherited kind. Health gets gained, lost, and is relative. Even ugly ducklings can turn into swans.
This is an important reason why we don't simply live with equality – we embrace it, even promote it. A life where everyone was equal in every way seems boring at best and oppressive at worst. But, as we know, the reality of inequality imposes its own oppressions, some of them very great. Moreover, if we look hard, we often find that inequalities are a lot less fluid than they might seem. Not all ugly ducklings become swans, or even that many. Enough do – or we tell ourselves enough do – so that we can get away with assuring ourselves that the inequalities we live with are temporary, inoffensive, even good.
This doesn't happen with slavery: we don't accept it, much less celebrate it. We assume slavery is – was – bad. But that's a problem. To be clear: I'm not saying slavery is good, though I am saying it that it might be helpful to understand a little better why there was a time when its evil was not an assumption – in particular, I want to zero in on a specific moment when slavery was aggressively upheld as a positive good – and to get a better sense of its allure. Perhaps by acknowledging the appeal of slavery for those who advocated it, we might gain a new understanding of its relationship with inequality. In the process, we might also gain a better of the what freedom, the concept that sits uneasily between them, really means.
Next: Freedom an inequality before the Civil War
Posted by Jim Cullen at Friday, November 22, 2013
Labels: Ethical Culture Fieldston School, freedom and equality, Jim Cullen
Hastings on Hudson, New York, United States
Author of fifteen books of American cultural history. Member of the History Department at the Ethical Culture Fieldston School, New York, NY.
About King's Survey
King's Survey is an imaginary high school history class taught by Abraham King, a.k.a. "Mr. K." Though the posts proceed in a loosely chronological fashion, you can drop in on the conversation any time. For more background on this series, see my other site, Conversing History. The opening chapter of "Kings Survey" is directly below.
King's Survey: Openings
In which we meet the teacher, and his students, on the first day of class. NOTE: As you'll see below, student dialogue is color...
Visit Conversing History
Welcome -- and thanks for having a look at my work.
I'm a teacher and writer about American history, education, and culture. Here's a brief bibliography of my work. For more information, please see my page at amazon.com.
Essaying the Past: How to Read, Write and Think about History, third edition (Wiley-Blackwell, 2017)
Democratic Empire: The United States Since 1945 (Wiley-Blackwell, 2016)
The Secret Lives of Teachers (University of Chicago Press, 2015)
A Short History of the Modern Media (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014)
Sensing the Past: Hollywood Stars and Historical Visions (Oxford University Press, 2013)
Essaying the Past: How to Read, Write and Think about History (Wiley-Blackwell, 2009, 2012)
Imperfect Presidents: Tales of Misadventure and Triumph (Palgrave Macmillan, 2007).
The American Dream: A Short History of an Idea that Shaped a Nation (Oxford University Press, 2003).
Restless in the Promised Land: Catholics and the American Dream (Sheed & Ward, 2001).
Born in the USA: Bruce Springsteen and the American Tradition (HarperCollins, 1997, 2005).
The Art of Democracy: A Concise History of Popular Culture in the United States, (1996, 2002).
The Civil War in Popular Culture: A Reusable Past (Smithsonian, 1995).
ANTHOLOGIES:
Editor (with Lyde Cullen Sizer), The Civil War Era: An Anthology of Sources (Blackwell, 2005).
Editor, Popular Culture in American History (Blackwell, 2001, 2013).
ESSAYS:
"Problems and Promises of the Self-Made Myth," The Hedgehog Review 15:2 (Summer 2013).
"How Six Oscar Winners Tell the Story of America," Washington Post, Febuary 21, 2013,
"With Lincoln, A New Frontier for Day-Lewis, CNN.com, February 23, 2013.
"A Raft of Hopes: Sometimes, Half a Lesson is Better Than None," Common-Place, 11:2 (January 2011).
"The Ethnic Fork of Bruce Springsteen" History News Network, December 6, 2010
"History without Reading," History News Network, January 11, 2010
Opening the Academy: Theodore R. Sizer, 1932-2009," Common Place 10:2 (January 2010)
Closing the Books: Traversing the Electronic Frontier Isn't Easy, But It's Probably Logistically -- and Pegagogically -- Necessary," Common-Place 9:4 (July 2009)
"Artificial Light: George Washington Plunkitt Teaches a Lesson," Common-Place 9:2 (January 2009).
"The Wright Stuff: Stephen Douglas, Frederick Douglass, and the Blackened Reputation of Abraham Lincoln," Common-Place 9:1 (October 2008).
"From Honda to Civics: The Pedagogy of National Identity in a Hybrid Age," Common-Place 8:3 (April 2008).
National Character: Daniel Day-Lewis, American Historian," Common-Place 7:4 (July 2007)
"The Declaration of Independence and the American Dream," History News Network, July 4, 2011
"The American Dream: Homeland." Forbes, June 26, 2007.
"The Greatest Catholic Poet of Our Time . . . Is a Guy from the Jersey Shore? Yup," in The Best Catholic Writing 2007, edited by Jim Manney (Chicago: Loyola Press, 2007)
"I's a Man Now: Gender and African-American Men," in Divided Houses: Gender and the Civil War, edited by Nina Silber and Catherine Clinton (Oxford University Press, 1992).
THE COMPLETE MARIA CHRONICLES, 2009-2010
Most writing in the vast discourse about American education is analytic and/or prescriptive: It tells. Little of that writing is actually done by active classroom teachers. The Maria Chronicles, like the Felix Chronicles that preceded them (see directly below), takes a different approach: They show. These (very) short stories of moments in the life of the fictional Maria Bradstreet, who teaches U.S. history at Hudson High School, located somewhere in metropolitan New York, dramatize the issues, ironies, and realities of a life in schools. I hope you find them entertaining. And, just maybe, useful, whether you're a teacher or not. –Jim Cullen
#1: Meet Maria Bradstreet
#2: The Load
#3: Orders of Magnitude
#4: Codes
#5: The Plunge
#6: Fashioning an Image
#7: Jam
#8: Terms
#9: Air Time
#10: Dish
#11: Stalling Tactics
#12: Swift Current
#13: Gamesmanship
#14: Keeping the Faith
#15: Stamp of Disapproval
#16: Taxing Propositions
#17: Declarations
#18: A Struggle for Power
#19: Reception
#20: Calculations
#21: Trying
#22: Alarm
#23: Romantics
#24: Leaves of Paper
#25: Thanksgiving Break
#26: Banking on Hamilton
#27: Just a Slice
#28: An Economy of Clay
#29: Penciling
#30: Mexican Menu
#31: Watching Students Watch
#32: A Home for the Holidays
#33: Past Tense
#34: Exhibit
#35: Skirmish
#36: Testy
#37: Multiple Choices
#38: Principal Reservations
#39: Search
#40: Bend
#41: Familiar Stranger
#42: Two-Sided
#43: Appetizing
#44: Spring Break
#45: The Spirit
#46: The Line
#47: Proposal
#48: The New Deal
#49: Kamikaze
#50: Dealing
#51: Reality Check
#52: (Re) Lit
#53: A Really Great Willie
#54: Human Resources
#55: Ambush
#56: Digesting
#57: Lasting Day
#58: Bon Voyage, Ms. Bradstreet
#59: Maria: Postscript/Prologue
THE COMPLETE FELIX CHRONICLES, 2008-2009
Felix Adler (1851-1933)
Stages of Learning (#1)
Peaks (#34)
Commencement (#33)
Mercantile Exchange (#29)
The English Teacher (#20)
Revising Ginger (#11)
Positive Steps (#30)
Defective Scanning (#16)
Transit (#6)
Pretzel Logic (#26)
Whose Boy Are You? (#10)
Cheer (#27)
Better (#28)
Smart Board, Dumb Teacher (#3)
A. Lincoln, 2/12/09 (#2)
Teaching with the Test (#4)
Business Practice (#7)
Navigating Color without a Line (#8)
Studied Ignorance (#9)
Takin' Care of Business (#18)
Charity Case (#12)
Helping Ida (#13)
Pitchforks and Bagels (#14)
Silver Filling (#15)
The Politics of Amelia Lorate (#19)
Marking Time (#5)
(Transatlantic) Travels with Charlie (#17)
Re-making the Grade (#23)
Facebook Radio (#22)
Jay's Way (#21)
Some Assemblies Required (#25)
The Sound of Hope (#24)
Young Dissonance (#31)
Gaming the System (#32)
Regraduating (#35)
Felix in Repose (#36)
Freely Unequal (Part III)
Freely Unequal (Part I)
Spirited argument
(Re)generation
Unfinished rhapsody
A History Teacher
All Bruce Springsteen
Roundup Top 10!
Joanne Jacobs
So You Want To Teach?
5 Signs You'd Be A Great Teacher
Teacher Lingo
My Latest BAM! Radio Show Is On Using Tech In English Classes
Goodbye www.philipvickersfithian.com and Hello www.thewayofimprovement.com


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Turmeric is a versatile seasoning with lots of health benefits. Check out these delicious recipes with turmeric to get more of this vibrant yellow herb into your life!
Turmeric is getting a lot of cred lately as a superfood, and with good reason! It contains an oil called curcumin, which is a powerful anti-inflammatory. Some research even suggests that curcumin is a effective an anti-inflammatory as some over the counter medications, like ibuprofen.
Its anti-inflammatory properties are only the start of turmeric's health benefits. There's also research showing that it may support liver health, protect us from cancer, and support heart health.
One word of caution about turmeric: if you suffer from stomach ulcers, this herb may exacerbate them. If you are coping with ulcers, you may want to start with only a small amount of turmeric to see how it affects you or just steer clear. If you're unsure, you can always speak with your doctor before trying these turmeric recipes!
If you like Indian or Ethiopian food, chances are you're already getting a good amount of turmeric, but there are lots of ways to sneak this beneficial herb into your daily routine no matter what sorts of food you like to eat. Check out the recipes with turmeric below to get you started.
1.	Lentil and Sweet Potato Soup – Turmeric and lentils are basically soulmates.
2.	Tofu Scramble – Turmeric is what gives the tofu an eggy yellow color in this delicious breakfast recipe.
3.	Turmeric Milk – How cool is this? Get a healthy dose of turmeric in a cozy warm drink. Make this a vegan recipe by using maple syrup in place of the honey, if you like.
4.	Roasted Sprouted Chickpeas with Turmeric and Chili – These make a yummy, healthy snack that's a great alternative to potato chips or popcorn.
5.	Sunshine Smoothie – This healthy smoothie recipe calls for fresh turmeric root.
6.	Indian Fried Rice – Turn leftover brown rice into a healthy meal with plenty of turmeric.
7.	Potato-Edamame Samosas – These make a great appetizer, or you can eat a couple as a hearty main dish.
Yep! There's turmeric hidden in this decadent-yet-healthy brunch recipe!
8.	Breakfast Tostadas – Warm tortillas stuffed with turmeric-spiked scrambled tofu? Don't mind if I do!
9.	Vegan Challah – Challah's yellow color usually comes from eggs, but this recipe uses turmeric instead.
10.	Baingan Aloo – This is an easy Indian eggplant and potato dish that's delicious on its own or served over rice.
11.	Raw Vegan Cheddar Ball – Vegan cheddar? YES! This vegan cheeseball gets its vibrant color from turmeric. Don't knick it until you try it!
12.	Warming Kale and White Bean Soup – Warm up on a chilly spring evening with this soup recipe starring flavors from marjoram and turmeric.
13.	Cauliflower Velvet Soup – Another soup recipe starrring turmeric! This one's rich, creamy, and sneakily healthy.
14.	Millet and Quinoa Burgers – Get your veggie burger on with some extra health benefits.
15. Cheesy Butternut Kitchari – This yummy south Indian dish is warm and cozy.
A variety of delightful recipes, turmeric is a very flavourful and healthy ingredient to so many recipes.
Thank you - I'll definitely try the sweet potato & lentil soup.
Thank you so much for the information and recipes. I try to use turmeric daily as I have fibromyalgia and osteo- arthritis the way that I use it is in my tea at night before bed. I like to put in chia tea especially as this is a very spicy tea on it's own you don't even notice the turmeric. I use 1/4 tsp. of it for inflammation.
I liked the White Bean Soup. Thanks for the posting.


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SF leaders to debate 50 percent reduction in tobacco-selling businesses
By BY Examiner Staff • December 4, 2014 12:00 am
Mike Koozmin/2012 S.f. Examiner file photo
A proposal being discussed today by a Board of Supervisors committee would limit the number of permits to sell tobacco in each of the 11 supervisor districts to 45. Other restrictions
There are no limits on the number of businesses that can sell tobacco products in San Francisco. There are nearly 1,000, with heavy concentrations in lower-income neighborhoods.
But that would change under an effort that began in 2008 and is up for debate at City Hall today.
The proposal would cap the number of tobacco-sales permits at 45 in each of the 11 Board of Supervisors districts. That includes the sale of e-cigarettes.
With each district exceeding that cap now, no new permits would be issued. It's expected that through attrition it would take 10 to 15 years to halve the existing number of tobacco permits.
And when The City did issue new permits they would come with added restrictions such as no tobacco-selling business within 500 feet of another one or a school. There would also be an outright ban on shops in which more than 50 percent of business is dedicated to tobacco products and paraphernalia.
"The six supervisorial districts with the highest proportions of tobacco retail by population [districts 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11] also have the lowest median household incomes in the city," the legislation reads.
Supporters say the proliferation of tobacco-selling outlets creates a "social norm" and increases young people's chances to become tobacco users.
The Youth Leadership Institute, a nonprofit dedicated to issues young people face, has long called for tobacco-density controls.
"We need to level the playing field in order to create health equity," said Patricia Barahona, a senior director with the institute.
Supervisor Eric Mar introduced the proposal, which is being voted on today by the board's Neighborhood Services and Safety Committee.
"We think it will gradually prevent the oversaturation," Mar said. "We think it will have an important impact."
The City already is working with stores that have long relied on selling tobacco and alcohol to make a profit to help them transition to selling healthier products.
Even with increased restrictions and the high cost of cigarettes, tobacco use continues. The sales of cigarettes increased in San Francisco, according to data released last year by the City Controller's Office that was based on the 20-cent litter fee imposed on each pack of cigarettes sold here since 2009.
But while San Francisco has had success in imposing anti-smoking regulations, efforts to curtail use of other health-compromising products like soda remain elusive.
In November, voters rejected a two-cent per ounce tax on the purchase of sugary beverages such as soda.
"There is a 50-year experience in battling Big Tobacco," Mar said. "It is in the public consciousness that smoking, especially for kids, is very bad."
But when it comes to soda and junk food, society is not quite there yet. Still, Mar said the public is at a "tipping point" in understanding the impact of those products.
Tags: Bay Area News, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, Eric Mar, Government & Politics, Politics
Retired Republican congressman works to launch Trump's social media app by Presidents Day
By Gil Duran
'I think there is sadness and a sense of loss but we all knew it was coming'
By Ida Mojadad Examiner staff writer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The intensive bricklaying course is aimed at you leaving with the skills to complete your own projects such as a BBQ, garden wall or garage.
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The bricklaying course is a very 'hands on' course and you will spend most of your time bricklaying. We can build a small project similar to something you are wanting to undertake after the course, the choice is yours.
5 Day NOCN Cskills Level 1 unit Bricklaying Course = £550 including vat.


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Some Ramblings - There will be blood
By Srinivas Kanchibhotla
Rags to riches stories generally gain halos around them with the passage of time. People never get tired of listening to them and media never gets tired of writing about them. For all intents and purposes, they are the contemporary fairy tales. There once was a man who was poor and destitute. He failed at everything he tried. Until, fate dealt him a hand that he bet big...and won. And the rest is history, as they say. The factual aspect of the story has a great deal of drama already built into it, that fits quite nicely into the standard three act structure. Setup - poverty stricken character, has been trying for long to get that break, until he finally stumbles on one. Conflict - how, braving all elements, he swims against the tide, against conventional wisdom and emerges victorious. As he reaches the top, the same traits that have helped him survive the competition and stay ahead of the pack, start working against him, causing him to tumble down from his throne. And finally the resolution - how he overcomes the adversity and redeems himself. Take any public figure who has risen through the ranks to becoming the kingpin in his field. The stories of Dhirubhai Ambani selling his fabrics door to door before he founded Vimal, the lore of the media baron Ramoji Rao peddling his pickles on his bicycle, the legend of Nirma Washing Powder are all public knowledge. All these stories celebrate the indomitable spirit of the human nature. It is not somuchas sticking it to the system, as it is the joy of seeing somebody succeed against all odds, through sheer effort. It is the reaffirmation of faith, reassurance on a set of principles. It is the very reason why the public hangs on to their every word, and even a badly written book by one of them becomes an instant best seller at the newsstands. As a wise man who once said "a rich man's joke is always funny", so can be said about the profoundity in the cliche of a self-made millionaire. People believe they earned their right be boorish and boastful, and so the nouveau rich remain the permanent fixture on the celebrity circuit.
But what about all the things that happened on the path from rags to riches? Surely, fate has not spread a bed of roses in their path, making it easy and convenient at every important juncture, and paved the road to success all by itself. What actually happened behind closed doors, the boardrooms, across the negotiating tables? Was it all fair, just, right and moral? In a world with limited resources and unlimited players, is there room for rectitude, or is it even the right strategy to remain straight? When two players contend for the same item, where does wisdom lie - in going hard at it regardless of the ground rules and winning it or recognizing the futility of the exercise and shortcomings in the approach and giving up the race for the right reasons? On whom does time bestow the title of victor - the winner or the just? The phrase 'creation of wealth' is a misnomer for most of the times. Like the energy conservation principle, the creation of wealth always comes at the expense of something/someone. It could be a loss of friendship/relationship or it could come at the loss of oneself. Convenience calls it 'compromise', instead of preferring the more direct 'loss'. A man compromises with his principles, trades his values, and makes a deal with his beliefs, and society lauds it as entrepreneurship. At the end of the journey, after he finally made it to the top, the question would remain whether he is the same person who was at the beginning of the journey. The concept of capitalism muddles the water even further. Rarely has an idea shook the foundations of society and fundamentals of humanity, by celebrating and promoting a culture of selfishness in the name of betterment/advancement, than capitalism. Now if this underbelly of the game, the actual machinations of what really goes behind 'fair' trades and practices, is exposed to the public, would it still put its billionaires on the high pedestal and regard their word as the next commandment from God?
"There will be blood" is a searing saga that examines the effects of growing weight of wealth on a person's psyche, at the turn of the 20th century. Set against the early days of oil exploration in Southwest America, the movie steadfastly remains with the protagonist through all his twists and turns, his choices, his tough trek, his grand rise and his eventual fall. What is interesting in "There will..." is how a set of characters in a desolate place, far flung from the rest of the suave civilization, behave when confronted with new found wealth, particularly when rules guiding the conduct under such circumstances, weren't even set. As a contrast, consider the current times' scenario of a super store opening in a local community. The first act is a Public Relations campaign undertaken by the super store management, wherein it goes above and beyond allaying the fears of locals, assuring that it would usurp the local competition, in fact, it would promote it for the eventual benefit of the customers, goes ahead and makes contributions to the local causes, charities and congregations, and of course, the politicians. Once it is firmly entrenched in the neighborhood, it goes ahead and does exactly opposite of what it has promised - eat up the competition, stifle the opposition, and takes the usual route of lobbying to safeguard its interests, all in the name of standard business practices. Using a similar setup for the movie, the maker relocates the situation to a hundred years ago, and observes how his protagonist deals with a similar dilemma, of rallying the local population around for his cause of drilling an oil well in the area. If it is political demagogues that need to be bought out now, it was religious demagogues then, that need to be placated. The promises were the same then as they are now - new money in the community would usher schools, roads, hospitals, better standards of living - anything for the benefit and welfare of the community, of course.
The brilliance of the direction is how the maker does not reveal the true character of his protagonist until midway, whereby the audience is lulled into believing that all practices the protagonist had been indulging in his rise to the top, is nothing but good business, even if it is at the expense of a little morality. After all, what is morality, if it comes in the way of a good opportunity, and what is opportunity, but the basic building block of the capitalistic society. The dramatic turn which reveals the true identity of the protagonist, as one of cunning, selfish, jealous, and even cruel behavior, blends in nicely with the nature of his work, to the point that it becomes impossible at times to differentiate between the two - his real nature versus his business sense, impossible to figure out, if he is, in fact, enjoying his vitriolic act in the name/line of duty. "There will be blood" is as much about the businessman, as it is about the business itself. In commenting on the lives of the people that built this nation, it offers an uncompromising social commentary on the contemporary society. As the title indicates, a closer look of the underpinnings of the society reveals a gory and a ghastly detail.
More Ramblings on films
• Chrlie Wilson's War
• No Country for Old Men
• Om Shanti Om
• Lions for Lambs
• American Gangster
• Michael Clayton
• Happy Days
• Chak De India!
• The Bourne Ultimatum
• The Simpsons Movie
• Sivaji
• The Grindhouse
• 300
• Zodiac
• Guru
• Casino Royale
• Omkara
• The Departed
• Lage Raho Munnabhai
• Bommarillu
• Iqbal
• Superman Returns
• Godavari
• The Da Vinci Code
• Sri Ramadasu
• Rang De Basanti (Hindi)
• Jai Chiranjeeva!
• Munich (English)
• Sarkar (Hindi)
• Mangal Padey (Hindi)
• Kaadhal (Tamil)
• Anukokunda Oka Roju
• Aparichitudu
• Batman Begins (English)
• Radha Gopalam
• Mughal E Azam
• Swades
• Anand
• Virumandi (Tamil)
• Lakshya (Hindi)
• Yuva (Hindi)
• Kakha Kakha (Tamil)
• Malliswari
• Aithe
• Mr & Mrs Iyer
• Okkadu
• Show
• Manmadhudu
• Nuvve Nuvve
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This article is written by Srinivas Kanchibhotla


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CPD 14 2013: Sustainable paint specification
When specifying paint, architects must be aware of the sustainability issues around its manufacture and use, as well as the steps being taken to improve its environmental performance. This CPD module is sponsored by Dulux Trade
Holiday provider Natural Retreats chose Dulux Trade's Ecosure Matt and Ecosure Quick Drying Eggshell paints for the refurbishment of 20 eco-homes in the Yorkshire Dales.
How to take this module
To take this module read the technical article below and click through to a multiple-choice questionnaire, once taken you will receive your results and if you successfully pass you will be issued automatically with a certificate to print for your records.
Assessing the environmental impact of paint is a complex and multi-faceted issue. Many of its constituent materials derive from fossil fuels or involve an energy-intensive production process. Solvent-based paints also often contain high levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which contribute to air pollution. Paint also creates a number of waste issues: tins caked in paint residue are difficult to recycle, and cleaning brushes can contaminate the water supply.
But paint also offers many environmental benefits. A report by sustainable development organisation Forum for the Future, in collaboration with paint manufacturer AkzoNobel
and construction company Carillion, points out that painting a surface can extend its lifetime and that redecorating can be a far less energy-intensive alternative to rebuilding. Painting in light colours can also reduce the need for electric lighting.
Partly as a result of the report, which was titled Identification, Design and Delivery of Zero Emissions Paint Systems, paint companies such as Dulux Trade have renewed their focus on improving the sustainability of their products, not only the materials and processes used in manufacture, but also in terms of packaging, lifecycle costs and accurate carbon footprint analysis.
Manufacture and performance
In terms of a paint product itself, there are three key factors that need to be considered when assessing its sustainability: how long it lasts, how much you need and what is in it.
Paint is made up of a number of ingredients. Pigments such as titanium dioxide, clays or chalks give the paint its opacity, toughness and texture; a binder, often a type of acrylic, holds the pigment together; solvents such as white spirit influence the viscosity and spread of paint, as well as how it dries; and various additives can be used to modify properties such as surface tension and freezing point.
Analysis carried out by the Forum for the Future project assessed the contribution of each of these components to climate change. This found that pigments were by far the biggest factor, contributing 56% of the paint's emissions. This is because they are very energy-intensive to produce: the impact of the extraction and processing of resources that go into making paint can be as much as 10 times higher than the impact of paint production.
Binders were another significant contributor to carbon emissions (9%) as they are based on fossil fuels. Solvents contribute 3% but are also the main source of VOCs, which are a major air pollutant as they react with nitrogen oxides to form ozone and photochemical smog.
One of the key areas in which manufacturers are improving the environmental performance of paint is in reducing the levels of VOCs. EU directive 2004/42/EC, which was incorporated into UK legislation in 2010, has imposed strict VOC limits on paints. As a result, research and development in water-based products has increased, leading to improved formulations with greater opacity (or coverage), improved whiteness and better adhesion.
Durability and efficacy
However, the various emissions of paint should not be considered in isolation. As the Forum for the Future report points out: "The efficacy and durability of paint means that relatively high-emission paints with high durability may sometimes be a better choice than low emission paints with poor durability."
Redecorating twice as opposed to five times over a 10-year period can clearly help reduce the carbon footprint in a number of ways, for example:
Decorators burn less fuel to get to and from site and consume less electricity while they work.
Less paint needs to be manufactured and transported.
Applying fewer coats over the decade means that fewer VOCs are released into the environment.
Similarly, products that have a higher opacity or spreading rate may have a smaller overall environmental impact, even if they have a higher impact per coat. In order to get a full picture of a product's environmental impact, it is vital for manufacturers to use detailed assessment tools (see box opposite).
Waste and water
The materials used in the paint itself are not the only factors that contribute to its sustainability performance. Waste is a major issue in the paint industry, and one that has come sharply into focus with recent increases in landfill taxes and the introduction in 2008 of a legal requirement to provide site waste management plans (SWMPs) on construction projects over £300,000.
Solvent-based paint cannot be recycled, but it can be used as a fuel to generate power
The can itself accounts for about 10-20% of the total environmental footprint of a can of paint (depending mainly on the type of paint being used).
Traditionally most cans go to landfill because there are few viable recycling options. This is due to the fact that leftover paint residue is hard to remove from the packaging material. It can also contaminate otherwise recyclable materials.
A further direct impact of waste paint is on the water supply. The Forum for the Future report states that each time a brush or roller is cleaned, it uses — and contaminates — an estimated 25-150 litres of water. If this water is released into the drains it will have a major environmental impact as solvent-borne paints are considered a hazardous substance.
However, a number of initiatives are helping to combat these waste and water issues.
Takeback services, such as the Dulux Decorator Centre scheme, allow painters to return cans that may have a small amount of residual paint inside. These are consolidated and taken to a recycling centre, where the metal cans can be separated from their solvent-based paints and recycled into new metal products.
Solvent-based paint cannot be recycled, but it can be used as a fuel to generate power or fuel another process. The plastic cans, on the other hand, are separated into empty plastic cans and water-based paint. The plastic containers can be recycled into new plastic products and the paint can be composted.
Other innovations include changes to the cans themselves. Simple design changes have helped reduce the weight of the can, saving materials. For example, Dulux Trade's 10-litre plastic can is now 13% lighter than previous designs and the 2.5-litre can is 7% lighter.
Another improvement is the development of a "ringless" can, designed to make recycling easier. The inner ring was originally developed to add structural strength, but it trapped paint residues. Removing this makes it easier to clean cans for recycling.
Dulux Trade launched the Environmental Wash System in the UK market in 2008 to address the problems with water consumption and contamination. It is a mobile cleaning station that uses water to wash brushes, rollers and equipment, then separates it into solid waste and clean water. This prevents contaminated water being released into the drains.
The Forum for the Future scheme also pioneered the Closed-loop Water Project, which takes the water used to clean production equipment between the manufacture of different paints, and uses it in the next batch of paints. It is estimated to save at least 2,600 tonnes of water at one manufacturing site alone.
Assessing environmental performance
With so many different aspects to a product's environmental footprint, data-intensive lifecycle analysis is essential to gain an accurate picture of its sustainability performance.
Unfortunately, one of the construction industry's main tools for finding out materials' lifecycle performance, the BRE's Green Guide to Specification, does not list paints.
Lifecycle analysis allows manufacturers to gauge the impact of ingredients including solvents, binders and pigments.
Other assessment systems cover paint in various levels of detail. These include:
Breeam, which covers VOC levels but only addresses paint in a very general way.
LEED, which measures VOC content in a different way to Breeam and has limited uptake in the UK.
Forum for the Future has also developed the Environmental Impact Analyser (EIA) — a tool that measures the embodied carbon, water, waste and VOCs of different paints.
The EIA assesses these impacts at each stage of the paint lifecycle, from the extraction and processing of raw materials, through manufacture and transportation, to the recycling of paint cans.
This allows manufacturers to measure and compare the precise impact of different ingredients and processes, and to assess characteristics such as durability or opacity against their emissions levels.
BD's free continuing professional development distance learning programme is open to everyone who wants to develop and improve their professional knowledge.
These modules can contribute to your annual CPD activity and help you maintain membership of professional institutions and bodies.
This module will contribute 1 hour towards your CPD obligations. If successfully completed, certificates will be distributed two weeks after the module closes.
Module 14 Deadline: August 16 2013
Information you supply to UBM Information Ltd may be used for publication and also to provide you with information about our products or services in the form of direct marketing by email, telephone, fax or post. Information may also be made available to third parties. "UBM Information Ltd" may send updates about BD CPD and other relevant UBM products and services. By providing your email address you consent to being contacted by email by "UBM Information Ltd" or other third parties. If at any time you no longer wish to receive anything from UBM Information Ltd or to have your data made available to third parties, please write to the Data Protection Coordinator, UBM Information Ltd, FREEPOST LON 15637, Tonbridge, TN9 1BR, Freephone 0800 279 0357 or email ubmidpa@ubm.com.
CPD 11 2021: How to avoid brick stains and efflorescence
This Vandersanden sponsored CPD explains how salt, lime and gypsum efflorescence can stain brick facades and the options for prevention and correction. DEADLINE TO COMPLETE: 10 December 2021
CPD 10 2021: Structural Steel and the circular economy
This CPD module, sponsored by Steel for Life, examines steel's credentials on its ability to be reused, recycled and multi-cycled, its structural efficiency, and its alignment to circular economy principles. Deadline to complete: 26 November 2021.
CPD 9 2021: Decarbonising existing homes
This Kingspan Insulation sponsored CPD explains why, to achieve the reductions needed in home energy use, new technology such as heat pumps must be accompanied by measures like insulation. DEADLINE TO COMPLETE: 29 October 2021
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CPD 08 2021: Passive fire protection for structural steel
This CPD, sponsored by ROCKWOOL, explains the options for fire protection on steel-framed buildings as well as the relevant product standards and building regulations. DEADLINE TO COMPLETE: 14 September 2021
CPD 03 2021: Identifying suitability of concrete blocks
This Lignacite sponsored CPD examines the performance of various types of concrete blocks in key areas such as fire, thermal and sound insulation, with suitable compliant constructions. DEADLINE TO COMPLETE: 28 May 2021
CPD 02 2021: Ventilation requirements for roofing membranes
This CPD, sponsored by Glidevale Protect, explains how to take ventilation requirements into account when specifying roofing underlays. DEADLINE: 16 April


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Women's film festival coming
Submitted by Adele Weder-Islanders can gear up for the second annual Women on the Verge festival of films from all over the globe, beginning next Wednesday, March 19.
Produced by local filmmakers Karin Hazé and Dafne Salazar, the festival will showcase films that explore the female condition in the context of several distinctive, and sometimes bizarre, North American subcultures. "There are so few women film festivals left in Canada that we felt compelled as video/filmmakers to showcase a selected few," say Hazé and Salazar. The personal expression of these artists demonstrates a common experience of being a woman today. The selected works offer a uniquely female perspective of rituals, traditions and cultures, as well as political, environmental, social and psychological issues.
Women on the Verge will exhibit over 40 films written, directed, produced or otherwise created by women, from all corners of the globe. And it's not always the fluffy, feel-good empowerment stuff either. The feature film "American Gypsy," for instance, depicts the often-creepy subjugation of women in gypsy culture, even in modern America.
On a similar subject but with a totally different themed film, "Queen of the Gypsies", highlights the life of fiery flamenco artist Carmen Amaya, whose dance prowess empowers her far above her less-famous male cohorts.
Shorter films like "Hepa!" "Sound of Steps" and "Unleash" provide more intense glimpses of expression, by use of art, music, and, occasionally, harrowing personal imagery.
This year, several cultural events will take place place in conjunction with the festival. On March 14 at Hanging by a Fibre, conceptual artist Jill Fraser from Vancouver will open a photography exhibition entitled "Particular Moments Revisited" in cojunction with her experimental video work "Wharf Time With Don" presented at the festival. She will also give an art talk about her six years spent in Igloolik, Nunavuut.
Other video artists coming to the Island include Caroline Macdonald, who hails from Britain and is currently working in Berkley, California; and Vancouver's Christine Stewart presenting her video installation/motion image installation "Rivulet."
During the Opening Night Cabaret on March 19 at 7 pm at the United Church, Fraser and Macdonald will collaborate on an improvisation performance, and local artists will perform juggling, cello music, poetry, throat singing and drumming. Interspersed with these performances will be video presentations of animated and experimental video presentations.
"The intention of this event is to encourage all islanders to open their visions and hearts to the world, share their thoughts and enjoy for the next five days the seventh art form: cinema, on the islands," say Hazé and Salazar.
All screenings take place at the United Church in Queen Charlotte; door prizes are offered during the festival. Check the free programme guide available at your local café for screening times and admission fees. For more information, contact Karin Hazé or Dafne Salazar at 559-9023, or email cinemafeast@hotmail.com
Port Clements wants right to recall council members
Repatriation committee members return from Chicago


If you have a thing for over-processed photos of concrete, then boy you are in for a treat.
Holy crap, I love the Switch House – the new addition to the Tate Modern building. I've watched it spring up at the back of the Tate Modern over the last couple of years but could never imagine that it would turn out as beautiful as it has.
It had been open for about a month when Tim and I visited a couple of weeks ago. We assumed it would be rammed so got there for just after opening time, but we had most of the space to ourselves – it was amazing.
We couldn't have picked a better day to visit as the sun poured in through the windows. We did look at the art – the Marina Abramović exhibit sticks in my mind for many reasons – but this visit was all about the building. The concrete, the sharp lines, the sweeping curves. It feels very deliberate and unapologetic, completely unpretentious, and like it's always been there.
The floors become narrower as you get closer to the top, before it opens out to amazing views of London from the roof. And an opportunity to be nosy on the neighbouring buildings. I don't necessarily recommend taking the stairs all the way to the top floor as it does get a bit constricted towards the top. Also, it's 10 floors. Oof.
At the top, I of course had to take a few tilt shift photos.
But my absolute favourite thing of the whole building was the staircase. The smoothness of the concrete was just so satisfyingly touchable. I've decided that any future house I own will have to have an epic formidable staircase. I think that might mean I need to buy a huge Brutalist mansion, but it'd be worth it.
Just looking at that shiny concrete floor is giving me all the feels.


The Tennessee State Fire Marshal's Office (SFMO) congratulates members of its inaugural Fire Officer IV (FOIV) certification class, the highest level of fire officer training available to Tennessee firefighters. The history-making class at the Tennessee Fire Service and Codes Enforcement Academy includes Murfreesboro Fire Rescue Assistant Chief Kaye Jernigan, whose graduation from the class on Friday, March 2, 2018 makes her the first woman in Tennessee's history to achieve the FOIV certification.
Fourteen Tennessee firefighters have previously reached FOIV certification; however, those certifications were mainly obtained through reciprocity between Tennessee and other states. The graduation of the fire academy's first FOIV class marks a new level of training and professional development for Tennessee firefighters.
"These graduates have shown they have the dedication, commitment, and knowledge necessary to be the great leaders their communities deserve," said Tennessee Fire Marshal and Department of Commerce & Insurance Commissioner Julie Mix McPeak. "I extend my warmest wishes to all the graduating members of the class, and I commend Assistant Chief Jernigan who is setting a positive example for women in the Tennessee fire service."
Students who pass the FOIV certification tests have the necessary qualifications needed to serve in a fire department's senior level positions such as a supervisor or a chief. The FOIV tests are certified by the Tennessee Firefighting Personnel Standards & Education Commission which is accredited by both the International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC) and the Pro Board Fire Service Professional Qualifications System (PROBOARD). The accreditation verifies that anyone earning this level of certification has met the required training, education, and skills proficiency that meets National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standard 1021, chapter 7 objectives.
Jernigan, 52, is a native of Murfreesboro and has served with Murfreesboro Fire Rescue since 1988. She became the first female captain at the department in 1996 and the first female assistant chief in 2011.
Jernigan has an Associates' Degree in Fire Science from Volunteer State University and a Bachelor's in Liberal Studies with a minor in Public Administration from Middle Tennessee State University. The State Fire Marshal's Office estimates there are currently about 800 female firefighters out of over 22,400 firefighters currently serving in Tennessee.
"It is very humbling to be the first female in the state to have obtained FOIV certification," said Jernigan. "The course, while challenging, was definitely a great learning experience, and I am thankful to have been a part of the pilot class in Tennessee."
For firefighters interested in participating in future FOIV classes, please contact the Tennessee Fire Service and Codes Enforcement Academy in Bell Buckle at (931) 294-4111 or by email at Tfaca.info@tn.gov.


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Yolonda Makes A Splash in Chicago and Lands in the Top 20!
The accidental actress makes her Chicago debut.
Yolonda talks with T. Cole Rachel of The Creative Independent about her special powers, her creative process as a filmmaker-actress, and how she puts her unique stamp on the characters she plays.


Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Dai Training, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation, Swasthya Bima Yojna Accounts Cell - FMR (April, May, June) Quarterly FMR Up to June 08, Balika Samble Yojna, Swasthya Bima Yojna Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Dai Training, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation, Swasthya Bima Yojna Accounts Cell -FMR (April, May, June) Quarterly FMR Up to June 08, Balika Samble Yojna, Swasthya Bima Yojna Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Dai Training, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation, Swasthya Bima Yojna Accounts Cell -FMR (July-08), Balika Samble Yojna, Swasthya Bima Yojna Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Dai Training, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation, Accounts Cell -FMR (August-08), Balika Samble Yojna, Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Dai Training, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation, Accounts Cell -FMR (September-08), Balika Samble Yojna, Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Dai Training, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation Accounts Cell -FMR, Balika Samble Yojna, Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic, Balika Samble Yojna, ASHA, AYUSH, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation Accounts Cell -FMR, Balika Samble Yojna, Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic (ASHA, AYUSH, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation) Balika Samble Yojna Accounts Cell -FMR, Balika Samble Yojna Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic (ASHA, AYUSH, Immunisation, Institutional Delivery, Janani Suraksha Yojna, RCH Camp, Sterilisation) Balika Samble Yojna Accounts Cell -FMR, Balika Samble Yojna, Civil Works Phy. & Fin.
Demographic (Progress Report of Family Wrlfare Programme NRHM/RCH) Balika Samble Yojna Accounts Cell - FMR, Balika Samble Yojna Civil Works Phy. & Fin.


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CENTRAL INDIA WILDLIFE
02 NIGHTS PENCH / 02 NIGHTS KANHA / 02 NIGHTS BANDHAVGARH
DAY 01: NAGPUR – PENCH
Arrival at Nagpur Airport, assistance upon arrival and proceed to Pench – Arrival at Pench and transfer to hotel / resort, get freshen up and move for Visits in as per the timings,
Pench Tiger Reserve comprises the National Park and the Pench Mowgli Sanctuary, Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli's adventure and his battle with the furious Sher Khan based on this very landscape in Central India. The places described in the 'The Jungle Book' are the locations marked at Alikatta village and the Seeonee hills. Pench Tiger Reserve is also popularly known as 'Land of The Jungle Book'. Pench Tiger Reserve, though is a tiger territory, also shelters dense population chetal, followed by leopard, sambhar, gaur (Indian bison), chousingha, chinkara, barking deer, small Indian civet, and porcupine and migratory birds such as Malabar pied hornbill, Indian pitta and osprey
The major attractions of the Pench Tiger Reserves are jungle walk, jungle safari, trekking, wildlife viewing from machaan and village tour. Visitors can experience rural lifestyle while staying among families at villages around here and create memories one of its kind
DAY 02: PENCH
Morning and Evening Jungle Safari and other Jungle Activities in Pench Bandhavgarh National Park, Watching tigers, birds and several other animals strolling in the woods during morning or evening jungle safari or visiting the Kariya Summit hill (popularly known as Kalia hill) at Pench Tiger Reserve will bring back the thrill you used to have, while watching Mowgli battle Sher Khan
DAY 03: PENCH – KANHA
After early breakfast drive to Kanha – Arrival at Kanha and transfer to hotel / resort, get freshen up and move for Visits in as per the timings,
Kanha National Park, India's one of the oldest national parks that boast of rich tiger population and other exciting wildlife. The Park is essentially known one of the most prominent tiger reserves in the India. You'll get to witness the Bengal Tiger apart from other wildlife. Encountering a tiger during your safari will certainly be an experience you'll never forget. Around 300 species of birds that can be spotted in this park, watching sunset is nothing less than a blessing and it is considered to be one of the best sunset points to witness an awe-striking panoramic view. All this is what makes Kanha National Park one of the best wildlife sanctuaries in Central India
DAY 04: KANHA
Morning and Evening Jungle Safari and other Jungle Activities in Kanha National Park, one of India's most renowned parks and visited for its population of Tigers, and wide range of wildlife
DAY 05: KANHA – BHANDHAVGARH
After early breakfast drive to Bhandhavgarh – Arrival at Bhandhavgarh and transfer to hotel / resort, get freshen up and move for Visits in as per the timings,
Bandhavgarh a place of legendary significance, the ancient Bandhavgarh Fort is of great historical importance and you will find several man made caves with inscriptions and rock paintings, once the hunting ground of Maharajas, it is now Bandhavgarh National Park and home to the royal Bengal tigers, 37 other species of mammals, over 250 species of birds, and over 80 species of butterflies. India's top dwelling for tigers; it has the highest density of Royal Bengal tigers in the World. All the white tigers of the World trace their roots to Bandhavgarh. Interestingly this is the first place in India launched 'The Hot Air Balloon Safari' for tourists. You can explore the unseen gems of Bandhavgarh National Park at its resplendent best. An aerial view of the restricted buffer zone and core zone will be an exclusive experience for the safari lovers
DAY 06: BHANDHAVGARH
Morning and Evening Jungle Safari and other Jungle Activities in Bandhavgarh National Park, one the best sights to trail the majestic Bengal tiger in their natural habitat
DAY 07: BHANDHAVGARH – JABALPUR
After breakfast drive to Jabalpur – Arrival at Jabalpur and transfer to Jabalpur Airport as per the timings


How Much Should a Living Trust Cost?
A living trust is an alternative to a Will when planning how and who will handle your affairs following your incapacity and death. Wills require probate court involvement, living trusts do not require probate court. The price of a Will is generally less than then price of a living trust. However, the overall cost of a Will is typically more than a living trust when considering probate fees that commonly exceed $50,000.
A living trust centered estate plan requires more skill, time and attention on the part of the lawyer hired to write it. In fact, the price of a living trust plan will often exceed 5 times the price of preparing a Will. However, since the overall cost of a living trust centered plan is often less than a Will, many California residents choose a living trust centered plan over a Will based plan. Working with an expert attorney is highly recommended.
So, what is the price of a living trust? In large part, it is tied to the hourly rate of the lawyer. It takes no less than 10 hours of attorney time to educate the client, elicit the client's hopes, fears, and aspirations for the client's loved ones and client's legacy. Then there is the follow up. Making sure that assets that should go into the trust actually end up in the trust, takes time and expertise. Taking less than 10 hours doesn't leave much time to know the client's story and write that into a complete living trust estate plan.
Lawyers charge a range of fees. Some attorneys charge $300 per hour and others charge over $1,000 per hour. If you multiply that by 10, you get a starting point. Fees can go higher – but only when the lawyer is adding value. A more sophisticated plan may be required due to various reasons: family dynamics, taxes, health, addiction, problem beneficiaries, creditors, divorces, business interests, etc. After all, every person has a unique story, and your estate plan should reflect that.
A good way of gauging what the price of the living trust plan will be and whether the lawyer will devote enough time to your matter is to simply ask that lawyer his or her hourly rate. If its $300 per hour, then you should expect to pay no less than $3,000 for a quality estate plan. If the lawyer charges $600 per hour expect to pay at least $6,000. If the lawyer's hourly rate is $300 per hour and the fee is $1000 for a living trust plan, your plan will likely not get the time, effort and attention it deserves.
For more answers and information on how we can help you with your living trust, contact us today!
Is Hiring a Specialist a Good Idea?


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Millidgeville is a Canadian neighbourhood in the city of Saint John, New Brunswick.

Millidgeville is situated on the northern edge of the city, on Brothers Cove off the Kennebecasis River at the point where that westerly flowing river meets the southerly flowing Saint John River.

Royal Kennebeccasis Yacht Club
The tower of the Royal Kennebeccasis Yacht Club (RKYC) has been a beacon to boaters since its construction at the turn of the 20th century. The club was founded in 1898. In 1899, The Club published her Constitution, by-laws, sailing regulations, yacht routine, list of members, list of yachts, and signal code

Frederick Neil Broody designed the Royal Kennebeccasis Yacht Club club house in 1901.
Royal Kennebaccasis Yacht Club received permission for use of the Prefix Royal and the Blue Ensign.
In 1972, the Royal Kennebeccasis Yacht Club, Millidgeville, N.B. was honoured with an 8 cent stamp issued in Canada.
In 2004, Herman Sullivan wrote about the Royal Kennebeccasis Yacht Club 'Gone to yacht : a pictorial history of sailing on the St. John River'

Airplane Base
The first airplane base in Saint John was the seaplane base across the street from the Royal Kennebeccasis Yacht Club which operated from the early 1920s up until the late 1950s. Saint John's first true airport was built at Millidgeville. It opened in 1930 and was located in the area bounded by Millidge Avenue, Daniel Avenue, Marlin Drive, Woodward Avenue and Boars Head Road. The airport site was chosen because Millidgeville experiences the least amount of fog of Saint John and the surrounding communities. When the new Saint John Airport opened on Loch Lomond Road in the early 1950s there were a lot more complaints of flights being delayed by fog.

Thomas Edward Millidge
Millidgeville took its name from Thomas Millidge who operated a shipyard on the peninsula now known as "The Moorings of Millidgeville" subdivision. During Millidge's time, there were over thirty large oceangoing wooden ships built at his "Kennebecasis Shipyard." Eric Lawson authored two books on the Millidge yard's ships; "When They Sailed The World - EGERIA & The Millidge Family Ships" and "The EGERIA - An Example of mid-nineteenth century New Brunswick Ship Construction."

Millidge sold his shipyard property to Edward D. Jewett in 1872. Jewett moved here from the US and had five sawmills on the lower reaches of the rivers (this would become his largest mill yard.) The mill employed close to 100 men in its heyday and many of them lived in mill houses on the property. Disaster ended the mill's operations on May 17, 1901. Three men were killed when the mill's main chimney fell. Two men, William Price and George McCluskey were over 100 feet high on the inside the chimney repairing the masonry and Charles Wilson was inside the base of the chimney when it fell. The Mill never reopened and it burnt to the ground less than ten years later.

Lt. Cdr. G.G.K. (Don) Holder (WWII) purchased the Jewett Mill property from Jewett's heirs and started another shipyard following his service in the Second World War building sail yachts and small craft as the "Blue Peter Boat Works." The times weren't right and the business failed. Don Holder's father and mother Lt. Col. G.G.K. (Gordon) Holder (World War I and World War II) and Edith (Kee) Holder bought the land from their son and lived there happily for half a century while "the Colonel" operated a haulout and storage yard for pleasure craft until a disastrous fire destroyed many boats and the storage buildings. The property was later purchased by G.A.(Sandy) Robertson, a Millidgeville resident for half a century who developed the subdivision there now.

Other businesses in Millidgeville through the years were a number of small stores including John Tobin's General Store in the late 19th century, Walter Vincent Sr.'s store at the NW end of Millidge Avenue and W. Roy Giggey's Grocery store on the NE end of Millidge Avenue in the early-to-mid 20th century. The McCoskery family had a farm on Manners Sutton Road in the early 19th century and the Turner family had a farm on what is now the Kenneth Irving property on Kennebecasis Drive. The Ring family's boat service business started in the early 20th century by Grenville Ring and carried on after Grenville's death by his son Bob and now his grandson Jodie. Some families have lived in Millidgeville for several generations. There are still members of families who were living in Millidgeville prior to 1950 when development of the area started after the Millidgeville Airport shut down. There are members of the Seely, White, Giggey, Cobham, Holder, Craft, and Ring families still living in Millidgeville today.

Millidgeville had fewer than 100 year round residents until the early 1950s. Millidgeville was largely a summer cottage area for Saint John residents who wanted to get out of the fog. Development started in the 1950s on the former airport property and spread from there. New streets including Kennebecasis Drive, Daniel Avenue, Bedell Avenue, Woodward Avenue and University Avenue were constructed. With numerous side streets built off the main roads Millidgeville is now a bedroom community of Saint John.

Today, Millidgeville is home to the University of New Brunswick (UNBSJ) Saint John campus in Tucker Park, as well as the Saint John Regional Hospital, the city's largest employer and the province's largest hospital. Amenities include the RKYC, Rockwood Park, Canada's second largest urban park with a public golf course, the Charles Gorman Arena, tennis courts and several sports fields.

Notable people

See also
List of neighbourhoods in New Brunswick

References

Neighbourhoods in Saint John, New Brunswick

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Q: Java ASM Visiting a method multiple times I am working through many classes and transforming them.  There are some classes that I do not have enough information for when I first visit them, and as such I need to revisit them.  Since I do not know at the time of the first pass if I need to revisit, I copy the complete class with the first pass of modifications.
What I want to know is if it is possible to revisit a method and overwrite the method in the ClassWriter
byte[] b...
ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(b);
ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(read,0);
ClassAdapter ca = new ClassAdapter(cw);//First pass
cr.accept(ca,0);
ClassAdapter ca2 = new ClassAdapter(cw);//Second Pass
cr.accept(ca2,0);

The result of this code will give me verification errors due to duplicate field&method declarations.

A: You would have to initialise a new ClassReader using the new bytecode read from cw.toByteArray(). From there, you would repeat the other steps (new ClassWriter, new ClassAdapter etc.)

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