text:
Staking a claim in asteroid mining
Illustration by Michael Byers
Date:24 April 2013 Tags:asteroid mining, asteroids, law
Go to space, young man. Asteroid mining is the future, and the law's on your side! By Glenn Harian Reynolds
Suddenly, the idea of asteroid mining is everywhere. As a recent feature in Popular Mechanics noted ("How to mine an asteroid", September 2012 issue), asteroid mining has gone from a "someday" idea to a business plan for more than one company. As a professor who's been writing, teaching and practising space law since the 1980s, I say, why not? Asteroids are valuable, they're out there, and they are free for the taking.
Or are they?
Asteroids are certainly available, and they're valuable. More than 750 000 asteroids measure at least 1 kilometre across, and millions of smaller objects are scattered throughout the solar system, mostly in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Even a comparatively small asteroid is potentially quite valuable, both on Earth and in space.
A 24 m-wide M-type (metallic) asteroid could hold 30 000 tons of extractable metals, including R450 million in platinum alone. A 7 m-diameter C-type (carbonaceous) asteroid can hold 91 000 litres of water, useful for generating fuel and oxygen. Even 5 litres of water, weighing in at 5 kg, can cost hundreds of thousands of rands to launch into Earth orbit. Prices will probably come down now that SpaceX and other private launch companies are in the game. But the numbers would need to improve a lot for water launched from Earth to compete with water that's already floating in space.
Larger asteroids could be worth as much as the GDP of a superpower. Asteroid 1986 DA is a metallic asteroid made up of iron, nickel, gold and platinum. Estimates of its value range between R55 and R64 trillion. Something that size won't be retrieved any time soon, but the figure gives some idea of just how much wealth is out there.
So it's raining soup – let's get a bucket! Or, rather, let's sidle up to a convenient-size asteroid, latch on and tow it to Earth orbit, where we can exploit its resources. Oh, sure, moving it may take a while and cost a bit – but so does launching water into orbit or mining platinum here on Earth.
But remember that open question. If you go get an asteroid and bring it back, is it yours? On Earth, of course, no one would open a mine without being sure they owned the land, or at least the mineral rights. The same is true in space. But whereas mining law on Earth is pretty much settled, asteroid-mining law isn't so clear yet.
The 1967 Outer Space Treaty prevents nations from making territorial claims beyond Earth: "Outer space, including
the Moon and other celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or
occupation, or by any other means," it states. But what is "national appropriation"? And what is a "celestial body"?
Those are the kinds of issues that lawyers grapple with. Space law used to be mainly an academic pursuit, but no longer
– in fact, the American Bar Association has just published a guidebook in the field. Most experts, including me, believe
that a ban on "national appropriation" doesn't prohibit private property rights.
The Outer Space Treaty was designed to prevent the winner of the 1960s space race from claiming the Moon for itself.
The United States and the Soviet Union were each worried about what would happen if the other nation beat it there. They were thinking of missile bases and territorial disputes, not mines or lunar tourist resorts. The "celestial bodies" language was added by way of expansiveness, but the Outer Space Treaty doesn't define the term, except to make it clear
that the Moon is one.
An agreement called the 1979 Moon Treaty did try to outlaw private property on the Moon and beyond, but no spacefaring power signed on, and it's generally considered a failure. It certainly wouldn't bind any American – or Chinese or Russian – company that headed for space.
So are asteroids celestial bodies like the Moon? Or something different? A number of space-law scholars have weighed in
recently. The bottom-line argument is, as Andrew Tingkang noted in a Seattle University Law Review article, that if you
can move it, it isn't a celestial body.
We see a similar distinction on Earth between "real" and "personal" property. Real estate is land. One of its chief characteristics is that it stays put. Personal property can be huge – for example, a supertanker or a 747 – but it's movable. The rules relating to real property are different, and usually more stringent, than the rules relating to personal property. Land is accounted for by deeds and registries; for personal property, possession is enough to establish a presumption of ownership.
The biggest asteroids, such as Ceres or Vesta, are probably too big to move, so even though they're smaller than the Moon, they might count as celestial bodies. But a 100-metre class-M asteroid is readily movable. It's not real estate; it's just a rock.
This seems right to me, but it's not the end of legal issues for potential asteroid miners. Those who move asteroids have a duty, both under the Outer Space Treaty and by common sense, to exercise great care to ensure that the rocks don't go astray. A 100-metre asteroid would probably burn up before striking the surface of Earth, but some pieces might survive, and the risks climb exponentially as the asteroids get bigger. There's also a duty to prevent so-called back-contamination of Earth with dangerous extraterrestrial matter: microbes and the like.
That's not a huge risk – after all, asteroids strike Earth regularly without spreading Andromeda Strain-like plagues – but it is nonetheless one worth keeping in mind. Some carbonaceous chondrites – and, even more likely, comets, should we
start capturing those – have chemistry that might allow for life. It isn't likely, and it's even less likely that such life, adapted to space, would turn out to be a threat here on Earth. Still, we shouldn't take chances. We have enough trouble with invasive species as it is.
There's also a question about what it takes to claim an asteroid. Would a company that sent a robot to a likely rock, assayed it, and then left a transponder or a radar reector to mark it for easy retrieval, establish a property right to that asteroid? The answer to this question is probably yes – similar claims involving robots have been upheld in underwater-salvage cases – but at this point it's not entirely clear.
Going forward, there are two ways this kind of thing can shake out. One is that nations – or at least one nation – will promulgate a set of rules governing claims and exploitation. Another is that companies will just proceed on their own, hoping that few conflicts arise – a good bet, considering that it's a big solar system with lots of asteroids available.
This Wild West approach may work just fine, at least for the first decade or two. And after that, the issues may be clear
enough for lawmakers to catch up and offer something constructive. For now, there don't appear to be insuperable legal barriers to anyone who wants to tag and bag an asteroid. Let the space gold rush begin!
PM contributing editor, Instpundit blogger and University of Tennessee law professor Glenn Harlan Reynolds is the author (with Robert P Merges) of Outer Space: Problems of Law and Policy (Westview Press).
Video: Learn about Planetary Resources and its plans to mine near-Earth asteroids


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Tag: Sean St Ledger
If 'Arry met the FAI: A look at life after Trap
October 30, 2012 by Ciaran Kelly
Ciaran Kelly ponders what comes next for the Republic of Ireland when Giovanni Trapattoni's tenure comes to an end.
Robbie Brady: A beacon of hope
In gloomy times for the Republic of Ireland, Ciaran Kelly looks at a youngster who may bring some brightness.
Euro 2012 will serve as the Trapattoni era's epitaph
June 9, 2012 by Ciaran Kelly
Ahead of Ireland's opening game tomorrow, Ciaran Kelly looks at the man in charge – Giovanni Trapattoni.
West Ham's Revival: The Allardyce Effect
December 1, 2011 by Ciaran Kelly
West Ham United are enjoying a new lease of life under Sam Allardyce and Ciaran Kelly looks at their recent progress.
Sven-Göran Eriksson's Career: The Fortunate Rise and the Inevitable Fall
November 1, 2011 by Ciaran Kelly
Ciaran Kelly looks at the weird and wonderful career of former Lazio and England boss Sven-Göran Eriksson.
Italy snatch late point in Dublin
October 11, 2009 by Kevin Coleman
Republic of Ireland boss Giovanni Trapattoni urged his team to learn from their painful lesson after Italy snatched World Cup victory from their grasp. Sean St Ledger's 87th-minute header looked to have handed Trapattoni's men a famous victory over the world champions which would have blown the race for the top spot in Group Eight […]

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Q: "port 22: Broken pipe" on IPSec VPN(Forticlient) and VMware NAT Currently I am trying to pass my Windows 10 Fortigate VPN connection to a Fedora 29 Workstation VM(VMware workstation 15), and connect over SSH to machines on that VPN. I am able to ping the machines, but when I try connect via SSH, I immediately get disconnected from the server with the general error "port 22: broken pipe". ssh -vvv shows the following:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).
Authenticated to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx  ([xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ]:22).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0
debug2: channel 0: send open
debug3: send packet: type 90
debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com
debug3: send packet: type 80
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: pledge: network
debug3: receive packet: type 80
debug1: client_input_global_request: rtype hostkeys-00@openssh.com want_reply 0
debug3: receive packet: type 91
debug2: channel_input_open_confirmation: channel 0: callback start
debug2: fd 6 setting TCP_NODELAY
debug3: ssh_packet_set_tos: set IP_TOS 0x48
debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0
debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1
debug3: send packet: type 98
debug1: Sending environment.
debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS
debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8
debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0
debug3: send packet: type 98
debug3: Ignored env HISTCONTROL
debug3: Ignored env DISPLAY
debug3: Ignored env HOSTNAME
debug3: Ignored env GTK_OVERLAY_SCROLLING
debug3: Ignored env COLORTERM
debug3: Ignored env IMSETTINGS_INTEGRATE_DESKTOP
debug3: Ignored env XDG_VTNR
debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_ID
debug3: Ignored env XDG_GREETER_DATA_DIR
debug3: Ignored env USER
debug3: Ignored env DESKTOP_SESSION
debug3: Ignored env GNOME_TERMINAL_SCREEN
debug3: Ignored env IMSETTINGS_MODULE
debug3: Ignored env PWD
debug3: Ignored env HOME
debug3: Ignored env SSH_AGENT_PID
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_TYPE
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP
debug3: Ignored env GJS_DEBUG_OUTPUT
debug3: Ignored env MAIL
debug3: Ignored env SHELL
debug3: Ignored env TERM
debug3: Ignored env VTE_VERSION
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SEAT_PATH
debug3: Ignored env QT_IM_MODULE
debug1: Sending env XMODIFIERS = @im=none
debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0
debug3: send packet: type 98
debug3: Ignored env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP
debug3: Ignored env GNOME_TERMINAL_SERVICE
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SEAT
debug3: Ignored env SHLVL
debug3: Ignored env GDMSESSION
debug3: Ignored env GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID
debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME
debug3: Ignored env DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
debug3: Ignored env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
debug3: Ignored env XAUTHORITY
debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_PATH
debug3: Ignored env PATH
debug3: Ignored env PS1
debug3: Ignored env CINNAMON_VERSION
debug3: Ignored env HISTSIZE
debug3: Ignored env GJS_DEBUG_TOPICS
debug3: Ignored env SESSION_MANAGER
debug3: Ignored env GCC_COLORS
debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN
debug3: Ignored env _
debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1
debug3: send packet: type 98
debug2: channel_input_open_confirmation: channel 0: callback done
debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768
debug3: send packet: type 1
packet_write_wait: Connection to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx port 22: Broken pipe

Have tried using NAT, and Bridged connection to solve this. Bridge does not seem to ever connect correctly, and NAT connects, gives me the public IP of the VPN, but then I get this error. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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JACK THE REAPER deals with a bunch of stock movie character teens who survive a bus crash in the desert, only to find themselves being chased through an abandoned carnival by an eyeless killer armed with a pick axe. Veteran actors Tony Todd and Sally Kirkland show up just long enough to collect their paychecks before boarding a train in search of better material.
This confusing horror mess is available for streaming on Netflix, VUDU, and Amazon Instant Video, but as always, you're better off leaving the slashing to us and save yourself the horror headache.
Our special guest this time out is the Creepy Kingdom podcast host and executive producer James H. Carter II. Broadcasting from the armpit of the country known as New Jersey, this show bravely tackles all of the creepiness associated with the Disney parks and films. Follow all of that action over at the Creepy Kingdom website, as well as download their latest episodes on iTunes.


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For surveying the public lands, including incidental expenses and island surveys in the interior, and all other special and difficult surveys demanding augmented rates, to be apportioned and applied to the several districts according to the exigencies...
Report of the Department of the Interior ... [with Accompanying Documents]. - Page 117
by United States. Dept. of the Interior - 1857
Senate Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Public Documents and ..., Volume 2
United States. Congress. Senate - United States
...Amount. >..••. HAL LASD OFFICR, Notumber, 1867. F. Total. $11,000 00 500 00 2,000 CO 144,520 00 Estimate of appropriations required for surveying...expenses of surveyor to locate private land claims in Louiniana, in addition to the unexpended balances of all former appropriations for the same objects,...
The Statutes at Large, Treaties, and Proclamations of the United ..., Volume 13
United States - Session laws - 1866
...Mexico, Kansas, Nebraska, Public UndiUtah, Dakota, Colorado, Nevada, Arizona, Idaho, and Montana,) including incidental expenses and island surveys in...special and difficult surveys demanding augmented rate?, to be apportioned and applied to the several surveying districts, according to the exigencies...
The Statutes at Large and Treaties of the United States of ..., Volume 10
...— For surveying the public lands, (exclu- Land Survey«, sivc of California and Oregon,) including island surveys in the interior and all other special...difficult surveys demanding augmented rates, to be applied and apportioned to the several districts, according to the exigencies of the public service,...
House Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Executive Documents: 13th ..., Volume 12
United States. Congress. House - United States - 1857
...public lands, (exclusive of California, Oregon, Washington. New Mexico, Kansas and Nebraska, and Utah,) including incidental expenses and island surveys in...Louisiana, in addition to the unexpended balances of «11 former appropriations for the same object $100,000 00 2. For completing the survey of towns and...
Annual Report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office to the ...
United States. General Land Office - Public lands - 1856
...public lands, (exclusive of California, Oregon, Washington, New Mexico, Kansas, Nebraska and Utah,) including incidental expenses and island surveys in...and difficult surveys demanding augmented rates, to ho apportioned and applied to the several districts according to the exigencies of the public service,...
...appropriations, to wit : For surveying the public lands, including incidental expenses, to be apportioned to the several districts according to the exigencies of the public service ; the part to be applied to the surveys of the mineral regions of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Iowa, and...


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HomeInvestigationsSorcha FaalUS Federal Prosecutor Investigating Hillary Clinton Crimes Stops Seemingly Unrelated Criminal Sentencing
US Federal Prosecutor Investigating Hillary Clinton Crimes Stops Seemingly Unrelated Criminal Sentencing
February 18, 2019 Sorcha Faal Sorcha Faal
Hillary Clinton criminal investigator US Attorney John Huber mysteriously stops sentencing of James Brantley (above)
By: Sorcha Faal, and as reported to her Western Subscribers
An interesting new Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) report circulating in the Kremlin today states that at this time, only speculative answers can be given as to why top US Federal Prosecutor John Huber—whose investigation into crimes committed by Hillary Clinton remain shrouded in mystery—filed documents in a barely known case in Tennessee with the US Federal Court to immediately halt the sentencing of James Brantley—a self-confessed criminal meatpacking plant owner who employed illegal aliens and is facing a maximum of 30 years in prison—and whose only reason given for this sentencing delay are contained in the cryptic phrase stating: "The United States submits as a basis for the continuance is that there are currently activities underway in a related case which could affect the sentencing of (Brantley)". [Note: Some words and/or phrases appearing in quotes in this report are English language approximations of Russian words/phrases having no exact counterpart.]
According to this report, the Foreign Intelligence Service is authorized under Russian Federation law to protect individuals, society and the state from foreign threats—the most serious of which is the Hillary Clinton generated Russia hysteria that's embroiled the United States in chaos and turmoil—a grave situation made even worse this past week after disgraced and fired former FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe confirmed that a "Deep State" bloodless coup against President Trump is still ongoing.
In November-2017, this report continues, US Attorney John Huber was appointed by Attorney General Jeff Sessions to launch a counter-coup by his being tasked to investigate the FBI's surveillance of Carter Page and connections between the Clinton Foundation and Uranium One—thus making him a legal surveillance target for the SVR.
Barely two months ago, in December-2018, this report notes, Russian media began reporting that according to their American sources, the investigation launched by US Attorney John Huber into Hillary Clinton's foundation was heating up again—but perplexed SVR analysts, whose only major activities of US Attorney Huber they had noted were of his assembling teams of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents, who, along with FBI agents assigned to him, and local police forces, began working on his pet project called the US Department of Justice Project Safe Neighborhood Program—and whose first deployment of in Huber's home State of Utah earned him praise for the historic decrease in crime it achieved.
Central to US Attorney Huber's Project Safe Neighborhood Program, this report explains, is the use of US Federal law enforcement agencies in cracking down on the exploitation of illegal immigrants by American companies—all of whom pay their illegal workers slave wages without given them safe working conditions or health benefits—none of whom will complain because the vast majority of them are criminals.
Hillary Clinton investigator US Attorney John Huber (left) celebrates Attorney General Jeff Sessions (center) giving go ahead for Project Safe Neighborhood Program
Upon US Attorney Huber being unleashed to deploy the Project Safe Neighborhood Program throughout the United States in September-2017, this report details, its first major success was a US Federal operation to arrest illegal immigrants that netted nearly 500 people in cities and states that openly opposed President Trump's deportation initiatives—that immediately afterward saw Huber being tasked with investigating Hillary Clinton—and whose actions since than continuing to this date include:
Huber's US Federal forces targeting 63 companies in New Mexico using illegal alien labor in March-2018.
Huber's US Federal forces deporting 1,100 illegal alien workers from New Haven-Connecticut in April-2018.
Huber's US Federal forces capturing 150 illegal alien workers at a Ohio meat packing plant in June-2018.
Huber's US Federal forces capturing 114 illegal alien workers at an Ohio gardening company in June-2018.
Huber's US Federal forces capturing 159 illegal alien workers in Texas in September-2018.
Huber's US Federal forces capturing over 60 illegal alien workers in various New England states in December-2018.
Huber's US Federal forces capturing 200 illegal alien workers in North Carolina this past week.
Huber's US Federal forces capturing over 24 illegal alien workers in California this past week, too.
Most mysterious of these US Federal forces conducted illegal alien worker raids supervised by US Attorney John Huber, though, this report notes, was the April-2018 raid on the Southeastern Provision meatpacking plant located in Bean Station-Tennessee where nearly 100 illegal alien workers were captured—but unlike other raids of this kind, saw its owner James Brantley being hit by a massive US Federal criminal indictment—and indictment so severe, complex and complete, it caused Brantley to plead guilty "by information" without his even having to be indicted.
Central to US Attorney Huber's case against James Brantley, this report concludes, is a complete accounting of the over $25 million in cash withdrawals he had made from his banks—the majority of which SVR intelligence analysts believe found its way to Hillary Clinton—who for decades was known to protect "at all costs" the Arkansas based company Tyson Foods—the United States largest meat producer and processor whom the Bush Regime indicted on charges that it conspired to smuggle illegal immigrants across the Mexican border to work in its meatpacking plants—and about which is known as the "Clinton Scandal That Still Matters"—most particularly because the United States does not have a statute of limitations on those committing fraudulent tax crimes.
February 18, 2019 © EU and US all rights reserved. Permission to use this report in its entirety is granted under the condition it is linked back to its original source at WhatDoesItMean.Com. Freebase content licensed under CC-BY and GFDL.
[Note: Many governments and their intelligence services actively campaign against the information found in these reports so as not to alarm their citizens about the manybu catastrophic Earth changes and events to come, a stance that the Sisters of Sorcha Faal strongly disagree with in believing that it is every human beings right to know the truth. Due to our missions conflicts with that of those governments, the responses of their 'agents' has been a longstanding misinformation/misdirection campaign designed to discredit us, and others like us, that is exampled in numerous places, including HERE.]
[Note: The WhatDoesItMean.com website was created for and donated to the Sisters of Sorcha Faal in 2003 by a small group of American computer experts led by the late global technology guru Wayne Green (1922-2013) to counter the propaganda being used by the West to promote their illegal 2003 invasion of Iraq.]
[Note: The word Kremlin (fortress inside a city) as used in this report refers to Russian citadels, including in Moscow, having cathedrals wherein female Schema monks (Orthodox nuns) reside, many of whom are devoted to the mission of the Sisters of Sorcha Faal.]
War Has Just Been Declared On Me, On Me Personally—Now I Am Alone, On Enemy Territory
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About Sorcha Faal 1074 Articles
Sister Maria Theresa is the 73rd Sorcha Faal of the Sorcha Faal Order, Elected as Mother Superior 3 February 2007. Born in Dublin, Ireland, the 73rd Sorcha Faal joined the Order in March, 1973 and holds various degrees with both European and United States Universities. Sorcha Faal has traveled and lectured extensively throughout the World, with her primary focus being the systematic structure of languages serving as a link between thought and sound, and as developed by Ferdinand de Saussure. You can join Sorcha Faal's mailing list by sending your request to: sorchafaal@fastmail.fm
Bankrupt US government issues fake bonds in doomed attempt to keep afloat
Pakistan Pleads For UN Protection As India And Iran Prepare For War
Russian Pedophile Who Sent Pictures To Hillary Clinton Now Linked To FBI Plot Trying To Overthrow President Trump
June 18, 2018 Sorcha Faal Sorcha Faal
In defense of the pedophile charges filed against him by the FSB, this report says, Yuri Dmitriyev testified during interrogation that the "Health Diary" file containing hundreds of naked pictures of his minor step daughter Natashawas begun because he wanted to chart her progress (her gain of weight, for example), and that he done this until she was nine-years-old—and that he had "inadvertently/mistakenly" sent to the Clinton Foundation who had requested from him photographs of the mass Soviet communist graves he had discovered—and with FSB forensic experts officially recognizing these photos as not being pornographic, and a special board of psychiatrists coming to the conclusion that he was not a pedophile and is sane, the pedophile charges against Yuri Dmitriyev were dropped—though he was convicted of illegally possessing an unregistered weapon, but that he only received a sentence of being under police supervision for two and half years. […]
Flustered Hillary Mutters "fuck you" During Final Debate
October 20, 2016 Independent Press Hillary Clinton, Independent Press, JAG
Naughty naughty! […]
Did Clinton Take it Out on Podesta and Mook? Latest from VL
November 16, 2016 Independent Press Hillary Clinton, Independent Press
"She was in a room full of 7 people and one of them is a reporter from CNN or MSNBC. She threw hot coffee on John Podesta and screamed 'You and your crimes are going to be exposed for all the world.' Then she literally lunged at him screaming die die!!!! Three people had to restrain her. This happened at 9.00 last night PST, so I guess midnight NY time…. Podesta took the worst of it, Hillary slapped him hard, called him a pervert, and a fool and said something about Obama being the Clinton's Benedict Arnold. Hillary was raging on Obama calling him a turncoat." […]


Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and her education professor.
Professor: Oh hi, Karen, what can I do for you?
Karen: And I'm thinking I'd like to write it on the classroom observations I've been doing.
Professor: What level are you observing?
Professor: Okay. That sounds fine. Lots of students write about their classroom observations.
Karen: But before I start, I want to check to see if I'm on the right track with my observations.
Karen: Okay. As I've said, I've been observing a fourth grade class and the teacher follows a progressive approach to teaching, so I thought I'd write about a mathematics lesson that I observed last week, how it fits in with that approach.
Professor: Okay. What can you tell me about the progressive approach?
Karen: It's about accommodating each student's individual learning style, right?
Karen: Each student is seen as having his or her own learning style, so instead of having one planned format or lesson for the whole class, the teacher has each child work at their own pace on their own project in a way that works best for them.
Professor: Okay, good. Now, how does this work in the lesson you've observed?
Karen: Well, first the teacher asked six students to find a math problem that interested them, or that they found difficult and to write it on the board. That surprised me, because it seemed more like a traditional teacher-led activity than a progressive one.
Professor: But who chose the math problem?
Karen: The students did, which I eventually realized made it the kind of activity you would find in a progressive classroom.
Professor: And what was the rest of the class doing?
Karen: They were helpers. If a student wasn't sure how to solve the problem, they asked one of the helpers to join them at the board and well, help.
Karen: Yeah, and if both students got stuck they could ask another student so it ended up with groups of three or four kids working together to solve a math problem. I could see the teacher was getting the students started, but the students then directed themselves and worked together to come up with the answer.
Professor: Which is very much a part of what progressive education is all about. In that way, the curriculum, or what is being learned, centers around what the learners are interested in. What other elements of progressive education did you observe?
Karen: Well, the students were learning in groups so they were learning social skills like negotiation and the activity was designed so no one felt like a failure. In the end, all the problems were solved successfully and all the kids seemed feel a sense of accomplishment. They were smiling. From what I can tell, the activity met the kid's social needs and their emotional needs as well. It was pretty cool to watch.


Answer: There are some very intelligent people who think that this is what we should be doing in Iraq, but I'm really leery of the whole idea for a number of reasons.
First of all, a lot of the problems in the Middle-East today were caused by Western nations arbitrarily setting the boundaries of regions and states. There's just not much in the track record that the West has in that region that inspires me to want to try it again.
Secondly, a lot of Iraq is not neatly cleaved into Shia, Sunni, and Kurdish regions. You've got mixed neighborhoods and you've got intermarriage between Sunnis and Shias. So, what do you do? Say, if you're Kurdish and living in Basra, do you have to sell your house or be driven out at gunpoint? Where does a Sunni man married to a Shia woman live? In the Sunni state or the Shia state? It would be extremely difficult to partition Iraq like this.
Moreover, it would not stop the violence. You do have Sunnis in Al-Qaeda murdering other Sunnis that won't cooperate with them. You do have Shia militias murdering people that won't cooperate with them. You have criminals murdering anyone they can to make a buck. To be honest, the problems appear to be more with the terrorists, gangs, and militias than they do with the average citizen on the street.
Also, consider the consequences of the split. Turkey would feel very threatened by the existence of a Kurdish state and it would likely lead to long-term problems between those two nations. The Sunni state would be bitter because they had no oil and it could very easily turn into an Al-Qaeda state within a state. Then there's the Shia state, which would likely end up becoming a satellite of Iran. So, long-term, we could have a lot more problems with three states there instead of one.
With all that in mind, I just don't think that splitting Iraq into three states would be a good idea.


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Crafting Drawn to Death's deliberately 'bad' hand drawn art style
April 12, 2017 | By Alan Bradley
More: Console/PC, Art, Design, Video
Drawn to Death, the brainchild of David Jaffe, The Bartlet Jones Supernatural Detective Agency, and SIE San Diego Studio is a game that is defined by aesthetic choice and artistic direction. But the distinctive art style evolved over time, according to Steve Merghart, art director at The Bartlet Jones Supernatural Detective Agency.
"The game was originally envisioned as a stick figure shooter," Merghart says, "and was always intended to have a very rough, hand drawn look that could incorporate whatever bizarre and creative ideas that the 'artist' came up with. But as the gameplay and weapons evolved, so did our idea of the artist; eventually we settled on a high school kid who was extremely creative but not terribly skilled artistically. In the game, when a player summons 'the Hand' for a super powered attack, it's that artist's hand that appears."
The result is an incredible blend of the stark style of games like Mad World with the line drawings and artistic flair you'd expect to find inside the sketch book of a teenage Megadeth fanatic.
Molded to fit an arcade-y third person arena shooter, the art serves the action in fun, novel ways. When the murderous, maniacal teddy bear you're controlling (complete with massive bloodied chainsaw) launches an explosive AoE attack at foes on a platform below you, the radius is telegraphed in a bright, lurid red dome made up of shaded panels and wavy lines that would look right at home in a college ruled notebook.
"We all remember that classmate that would draw in class all day, filling their notebook with amazing doodles even if they weren't very well executed. A lot of us actually remember being that kid, which is why the art style seems to ring so true for so many players. As far as our 'medium' is concerned, we tried very hard to make it look as if the notebook doodles simply come to life exactly as drawn on the page. So in essence, they are made of mostly ballpoint pen scribbles."
The "high school kid with an art kit and overactive imagination" extends all the way to the game's palette, which Merghart says was thoughtfully limited to what you might find in a teenager's backpack.
"We envisioned that the kid had a couple of different colored ballpoint pens, mostly blue and black, but also a red one and maybe a green one. For real splashes of color, it's not a stretch to imagine that he also had a couple of highlighter pens in the backpack. We intentionally limited the artist's art supplies because from a narrative point of view we didn't want this kid to come off as very artistically talented. "
While crafting bad art is a fairly easy process, Merghart says the real challenge came in manufacturing lots of bad art with consistency. "We initially joked about simply hiring high school students to draw all the art, but the technical requirements for making reliable and consistent game art quickly ruled that out. The one thing we need to be able to do when making this game is replicate the artist's art style over and over and over. Creating art for a 3D action game that is intended to look badly drawn by one specific artist is surprisingly hard to do!"
This meant the team needed to find experienced, highly talented artists that were also capable of drawing at a much more primitive level than they were used to, and doing so consistently and at the same reduced level over and over, across months or years of development.
"It's a bit like needing someone to sing a song very badly, but in exactly the same way for every showing of a Broadway musical. You end up needing an extremely talented singer with amazing vocal control, which is essentially how we've staffed our art team: A small team of amazing artists with an amazing range of art style control. From the concept artists, to the modelers, to the VFX artists, to the animators, everyone is able to put aside their individual styles and channel the angst-ridden musings of this creative high school kid. "
The approach to this kind of regressive art engendered some interesting experiments.
"We've had right handed concept artists try to draw with their left hand, texture artists holding the pen in a kindergartener's stabbing grip, and our VFX artist struggling to find the balance of classic game effects and crudely hand-drawn splats and explosions. The one thing that no art director ever thought he'd have to say is, 'That looks way too nice! Draw it again, only crappier.' With a million apologies to my amazing art team, that was an almost daily occurrence."
Throughout the art's unique evolution though, Merghart emphasizes that the team never lost sight of their real goal: making a video game that was as fun to play as it was visually interesting.
"Fun and rewarding gameplay has always been the guiding principle for Drawn to Death from its inception. The art style has gone through significant evolution from a stick figure shooter, to flat paper dolls running around a paper level, to the high school notebook scribbles where we have now, but the goal of making a fun-as-hell shooter with the moves and depth of a fighting game has never wavered."
But their bizarre art design did mean a lot of room for experimentation, and that no concept for weapons and equipment was off the table, regardless of how surreal or ridiculous. "It's been extremely amusing and gratifying to watch some of the crazier concept designs inspire some truly off the wall weapons and abilities. We have a monkey that rides on your back literally throwing poop at your enemies, a coffin that catapults out a fat, bloated, exploding corpse, and a shark-headed ninja that summons smaller explosive sharks to wreak havoc on the battlefield!"
After the design had been mostly cemented and a lot of the original artwork generated, implementing it was a completely different challenge, one that ended up generating some very unique (and ambitious) potential solutions.
"Production art had a different set of problems to overcome, as our original goal was for the game to have an actively scribbly look to it as if it was constantly being redrawn. From double and even triple texture maps that would cycle to give the characters a very animated look to complex toon shaders that would draw and re-draw the scene for that squiggly look. Environments added a new twist as we initially wanted the game to appear as if it was taking place on a piece of lined notebook paper, flattened out and with no lighting. We quickly learned that so much white on the screen was giving people headaches, so we began looking for a lighting scheme that would make our 3D environment fit our highly stylized vision. We settled on a very controlled set of environment textures where the mip maps are actually individually drawn, and the shadows are built from layers of scribbled textures."
As is so often the case, reality intervened and put the brakes on some of the more inventive approaches, but Merghart says the core design was retained. "Ultimately, limitations of the engine ruled out some of the more ambitious methods, but Drawn to Death still holds true to the creative director's vision.
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This afternoon I received a call from a reporter at the Washington Post.
I was asked to give my expert opinion on our President's handwriting as it appeared in the NCAA tournament Bracket.
And I had about an hour to do it.
………"the rest of the "story.
Discover what Barak's handwriting says about him and get a glimpse into how he truly feels about some of his hand picked choices for the NCAA tournament.
From the handwriting analyst's point of view the first thing I notice is that Obama prints all of his answers, he does not use straight cursive writing.
3. They are erecting walls to keep their privacy intact, not revealing their emotions and keeping things under wrap.
When a person prints, he feels more in control and control is important to that writer.
To be fair, one must look at the circumstances around the writing at any given time. There is only a small area in which to write in this NCAA Tournament Bracket. So he made a choice to print because when contained to small cramped places, Obama opts to separate from his emotions, rely on his sharp quick reflexes and instincts and only reveal things about his person that he chooses to. He also likes to have a strong sense of control over the situation.
Are we still talking about the NCAA picks?
When very small handwriting is legible and easy to read, it reveals the writer has enormous powers to focus and concentrate, even when there is an enormous amount of material to filter through.
Obama fluctuates in his writing; some of the words are straight printing while others are a mix of cursive and printing.
When a person combines printing with cursive within the same word, it reveals the writer has good instincts and is in touch with their intuitive 6th sense about things.
Look at how he writes the word "Louisville" for example. It flows very easily as he combines both cursive and printing. If one were speaking the way this word is written, it would roll easily right off the tongue. He has an easy feel for Louisville……..why? That we don't know. Remember some things he is keeping hidden and under wraps!
All of his printing in this particular and isolated sample is written with a slant that from the graphologist's point of view reveals one who is using logic and practicality. No emotional or impulsive decisions. On the word Purdue, there is a change of slant within the word. Notice how the "e" in Purdue (in the lighter ink sample) slants backwards? When a letter suddenly juts backwards, it reveals that our writer is suddenly is going within himself, withdrawing to an even less emotionally revealing place and possibly acting more sure than he may really feel. He may be exuding a confidence about that pick that he may not really feel.
Another hint for you the reader: The t crossings are written with a strong sure pressure, revealing much deliberation and determination.
Obama is more optimistic about some picks, than others (deep down inside).
If you were to put a ruler under the word, you would see that some of them slant upwards. That reveals the writer is feeling optimistic.
It is an ancient science that has been around since the days of Aristotle.
Approximately 80% of the corporations in Europe use it for employment screening. It is a science that offers incredible insight into who a person really is.
Every single time that you and I put our pen to the paper, we are revealing much more about ourselves than mere words could ever convey.
What we write comes from the conscious mind.
How we write comes from the subconscious mind.
So in essence, the writing truly is on the wall and yes, we can read between the lines.


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Keith Jarrett received the Léonie Sonning Music Prize of DKK 500,000 on Wednesday, 7 July 2004 at a concert in Tivoli Concert Hall during the Copenhagen Jazz Festival.
The music prize was presented by the head of music at Tivoli, Lars Grunth.
Keith Jarrett, piano
Gary Peacock, bass
Jack DeJohnette, percussion
The 2004 Léonie Sonning Music Prize of DKK 500,000 is awarded to the pianist Keith Jarrett, who as a musical thinker and creator has developed his own unmistakable musical language, characterised by sublime musicianship, imagination and intelligence. Keith Jarrett has experimented and innovated without rejecting tradition, and without being pressurised by contemporary or musical trends, he is now recognised as one of the greatest figures of the present-day international jazz world.
Keith Jarrett and Denmark
Keith Jarrett was known, respected and loved by the Danish jazz public – as he also was but lovers of classical music – for with Michala Petri he recorded in 1992 six Bach flute sonatas, and in 1999 flute sonatas by Händel. The year that Michala Petri received the Sonning Music Prize, Jarrett had just been in Copenhagen to give a concert, but he had in fact been here several times since 1966, including a concert in Tivoli Concert Hall and at the Copenhagen Jazz Festival in 1999, when he gave a concert in the Circus Building, Copenhagen with great success.
"It was a revitalised Keith Jarrett who first received the Sonning Music Prize with the words: 'Well, that's nice' and then sat down at the black Steinway, where he through his playing demonstrated what he had said in his speech: that he had not been put on this earth to receive prizes but to translate music [...] Jarrett was very much alive. Almost danced at his grand piano. Got up, bent at the knees, ducked down, stood on tip-toe, sat down on the stool again. Improvised so the hairs rose on the back of one's neck. And constantly emitted his characteristic laments during his playing. Was serious, yet went as far as to parody Victor Borge [...]"
(Ivan Rod, Jyllands-Posten)
"Jarrett has a fantastic touch, a fluid and light playing style that allows him to be present even in the most diminutive ballad playing – yes, even when he scarcely touched the keys in Peacock's and DeJohnette's solo he could be noticed. Always curious to explore just how far the elastic could stretch, how far out he could entice himself and his musical companions. For almost two hours the elastic was stretched to breaking point, but not once did it snap."
(Anders Jørgensen, Information)
"[...] At times he stands up when he is playing, at other times he is completely hunched over the keys. In that way he is part of his heart-rending phrasings, taking them further than the listener at first imagines, in the same way that a singer can impress one by singing incredibly long phrases at a single breath."
(Eva Hvidt, Kristeligt Dagblad)
"[...] And yes, the trio comes in and goes out, and goes out and comes in to receive the standing ovation of the audience, and fortunately the three musicians return to their respective instruments. And yes indeed – here comes the loveliest imaginable interpretation of Victor Young's beautiful 'When I fall in Love'. The trio takes us on a fairytale excursion that is rounded off by Keith Jarrett – unaccompanied. A quite unique postlude that saves stars – at the finish."
(Kjeld Frandsen, Berlingske Tidende)


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[player_ls pid="90910" id="ply-sw"]
'Start Of A New Innings'- Varun Chakravarthy Ties Knot With His Long-Time Girlfriend In Chennai
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Varun Chakravarthy Biggest Gain For Team India From IPL 2020: Aakash Chopra
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Sam & Chris were married at the beautiful Lindeman's Winery on the 12th May. They were so incredibly lucky with the weather. It rained throughout the undercover ceremony and stopped for just long enough for us to get our location photos in , then started pouring just as we hopped in the car. I loved capturing these two, they are so super chilled and totally smitten with each other. The bridal party were good value and the girls totally braved the chilly hunter valley dusk temperatures! Thanks for having me capture your special day guys, enjoy their story below.


Archives|RACING OUTLOOK GOOD FOR AUTOS AT ORMOND; Storm Improves Beach for Speed Contests To-day. RECORD FOR MOTOR CYCLE Curtiss Makes Fast Practice Mile -- Gasoline Cars Hesitate to Try Issues with Freak Machines.
RACING OUTLOOK GOOD FOR AUTOS AT ORMOND; Storm Improves Beach for Speed Contests To-day. RECORD FOR MOTOR CYCLE Curtiss Makes Fast Practice Mile -- Gasoline Cars Hesitate to Try Issues with Freak Machines.


Here's a clever thing, the Hi-Lo desk. Using some technical trickery you can effortlessly switch between "having a sit down" and "standing up" which not only does wonders for your posture but will also give you some calorific wiggle room if, like us you can't say no to the office biscuit tin.
Choose electric or gas lift for your Hi-Lo, electric is great for convenience, but a gas lift one means a lighter desk, with no need for power, so even less of an environmental impact.


This is designed to help prospective students learn more about our masters in counseling program as well as get introduced to the online classroom technology.
Darlene has worked hosted numerous talks and lecture such as Attachment in the Supervisory Relationship. Including Facilitating an International Students Support Group through an Innovative Approach.


Hi! Sign in to let us know how Karl & Cindy's Embers America was?
tommy b. Aug 27 .
First of all when we walked into the restaurant it was noticeably dirt and need to be completely scrubbed down. When we were seated our table was dirty! After waiting about half an hour for out drinks out waitress who was wearing a Skimpy tank top and VERY short shorts rudely took our order making it perfectly clear she did not want to be there. We finally got our food which was under cooked when we complained about our meal no one really seemed to care and no discount was offered! I highly do NOT recommend that anyone come to this restaurant!
Karl & Cindy's Embers America is bad!
We stopped to eat here while waiting for the airport shuttle right behind the restaurant. We had an hour and a half to spare and by the time we got our food, we were hoping we could finish eating and still make the shuttle. I used to like their zstruesel coffe cake, but even that wasn't good this time.
Angel S. Nov 07 .
I was not impressed at all when I walked inside. This restaurant was dimly lit, very old looking, and floor was filthy. We sat down at the table, which was also dirty, but waitress was quick to wipe it off for us. There was a good variety on the menu for breakfast items, and the prices were reasonable for a family. Our food took over a half an hour to arrive but when it did, the portions were nice sized, and the food was excellent.
Kerrin T. Sep 22 .
Every time I have visited this restaurant, I have recieved excellent service!
Embers always has great meals, their breakfasts can't be beat!
My kids like to come here because the wait staff is very friendly.
If you've been to or used Karl & Cindy's Embers America, leave a review.


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