100 ? "Nate is Awesome!"
Which, if you remember your L2 basic is shorthand for: 100 PRINT "Nate is Awesome!". I thought that was quite a neat little trick and when I learned how to make a loop so it would repeat as many times as I wanted I was entranced! I would print stuff 100, 1000, 10000 times, numbers I couldn't even begin to comprehend! I don't know exactly how old I was but I'm pretty sure that I was probably younger than 8 years old. I figure that I might have even been as young as 5 years old. It didn't take long before I had the computer asking for input and displaying output and all kinds of things. The problem was that once you turn the computer off, your program is toast!
Not being able to save any of my hard work was very frustrating for me but it did challenge me to build it back better than it was before. If I had to simply refactor an existing program it would have been harder. For one the basic I was using was line numbered and if you didn't save yourself enough room, you better be prepared to litter your code with GOSUB. When I re-wrote the program from scratch I could avoid problems I ran into in previous attempts. It by no means meant the frustration went away. I made several attempts (the best I could do as a pre-teen) to fix the floppy disk drives to no avail. The TRS-80 also had the amazing feature of being able to use a tape recorder to record and restore your programs. This I must have tried hundreds of times and never had any success!
The cassette tape interface was very slow and erratic; it was sensitive to audio volume changes, and the machine only gave the very crudest indication as to whether the correct volume was set, via a blinking character on screen when data was actually being loaded - to find the correct volume, one would sometimes have to attempt to load a program once adjusting volume until the machine picked up the data, then reset the machine, rewind the tape and attempt the load again. Users quickly learned to save a file three or more times in hopes that one copy would prove to be readable.
Saving my work started to become a big deal to me. One time I spent many months working on a series of programs, games, and of course a Main Menu System to access it all! Unfortunately for me the TRS-80 produced huge amounts of electromagnetic interference! So much so that even with the computer operating in my bedroom in the upper floor of a 2-story home, the TV in the basement would be significantly affected and would show a fuzzy picture. My brother had a date and they wanted to watch a movie but he had to turn the computer off to get a better picture. I was SAD! Several months later I had finally gotten hold of a cassette recorder that had the magical remote port. It wasn't a CTR-41, but I was sure that the existence this magical remote port that would make all of the difference. Nope! Like I said, do this day I never, ever, got more than a few characters to save and restore from tape.
A few years later our dad invested in a 386 DX 8/16MHz with 8MiB or RAM, a math co-processor (upgraded later) and a 80MiB HDD! The new computer also featured a very nice EGA (16 color) monitor! This was quite a machine for it's time and if I remember correctly cost around $3k. The Computer Room was established and the old, very inferior, TRS-80 went into the room along side it's nicer, newer counterpart. I still used the TRS-80 for a year or two longer. I didn't always get a turn on the new computer and Tetris appealed to everyone in the family!
When the time finally came to take the TRS-80 down for good for some reason I thought to pop it apart first. I guess I figured that if I did any damage there would be no harm now. It was then that I saw the blown fuse in the expansion interface. I put some tin-foil over the fuse and was bewildered to see that the floppy disk drives once again worked! All of those years and the problem was a blown fuse in the one part of the computer I thought was doing all of the work all along.
I did like the new computer though. For one it could save my programs! :) It also had QBasic that didn't require line numbers and I liked the color screen. I think I must have decided pretty early on that I wanted to be a programmer. When I was still pretty young (maybe 9 or 10) we took a trip to BYU to see the museum and stopped in the book store. They had tons of books on programming basic! I wanted to get two of them but my parents graciously agreed to buy me one. I believe the book was like $60 so I would be happy with one. I read that thing inside out over and over again.
When my brother Preston got to high school he started learning Turbo Pascal. Now I don't remember exactly how this came about but one time we both had written a drawing program. Preston used Turbo Pascal and I used QBasic. It was almost like we were in competition with each other to see who could make the best drawing program. They were nothing fancy – neither one of us knew how to enable mouse support so it was keyboard commands and arrow keys only – and we weren't exactly writing the same features. Preston would have an unlimited undo buffer, I would have the ability to save as bitmaps, etc. so they were apples to oranges but it was a lot of fun. One day he added the ability to display cool text in neat fonts to his drawing program. My battleship was sunk! There doesn't seem to be any way to do that using QBasic. If you can't beat them, join them; I switched to Turbo Pascal.
Me and Preston didn't always get along so congenially. One time after a particular nasty computer crash that wiped out the entire hard drive, my brother decided that he would lock me out of the computer. Never mind I had nothing to do with the issue! I could usually break in anyway, and for the most part though (or at least upon reflection) we got along pretty well sharing the PC. Another quark of mine was to grab the Computer Shopper magazine and imagine myself with all of the awesome hardware! I wanted a new computer so bad that for my 15th birthday I actually got an Osborne II (not realizing how old they were at the time). It looked like the computers in the magazine so I figured it had to be close!
My parents and brothers were very supportive of my self-guided computer exploration. Some examples of note are getting a copy of Turbo Pascal, more programming books, more computer hardware, college courses in programming and electronics (when I was 14), more computer software, a 2400 Bps modem, a $400 phone bill acquired by calling BBS's in California with said modem (what? all of the BBS's in the state were busy!), and a copy of OS/2 I got for Christmas. We were also among the first to get the Internet, first with Prodigy and then with AOL. We had our AOL account for a very, very long time! I admit that I did rather like AOL – the Internet never seemed as friendly again.
All through Jr High and High School I would make computer programs to do my homework for me. I had an instant love for the TI series calculators! My first TI calculator was the TI-80 (in blue) which was faster than my old TRS-80 and had the same style CPU! It was also programmable with a form of Basic and I wrote many programs; none of which I could really share because of the lack of an external port. I sold it to my neighbor and got a TI-86 as an upgrade. I wrote a LOT of programs for the TI-86 and when I checked a few years ago the ones I wrote in High School are still in Roy High School. Blackjack, Scorched Earth, TextEdit all passed down from student to student. These calculators have still not been decommissioned in spite of having a 20+ year run! Although I only owned a TI-86 in high school, I borrowed others calculators to port programs to them. My high school masterpiece was a program called BOS and a text editor, both written in Basic. BOS was a shell/menu system which was useful because running programs on the TI-86 was not very easy otherwise. I later learned how to write assembly for the Z-80 processor and spent a significant amount of time developing a preemptive multitasking operating system with full GUI/graphics. I even used an assembler that was written to run on the TI-86. I got to some level of completion but never really released anything to anyone but a couple of friends. I now own three TI-86, a TI-82 (my wife's), and a TI-89 (loaned to someone and I don't know where it is right now).
It will be very interesting to see how my kids react to the technology age. The computers I played with when I was young were very different! In a way I had a great learning curve where about the time I outgrew a PC another one had been invented. Now days my kids have a much better computer but the understanding is probably going to be much more superficial at first. Although, if I had all of the resources of the Internet when I was a kid I could have gotten so many more answers and progressed so much further! They also have the added benefit of my knowledge. My Dad could work computers but never understood them like I do. It will be very interesting if my kids post a blog page 25 years from now and lament that they had to deal with only a 1GHz processor on their tablet (more than 1000x the speed of the TRS-80) or that their battery life was only 9 hours, etc. I'll pull out this blog post and send it to them.
Well, I guess perhaps they should have tested that first! On the pro side the actual program worked just fine after this window blew up.


text:
SCDF to introduce stiffer penalties for unauthorised activities, enhance feedback channels
The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) on Wednesday (May 23) announced a series of measures to guard against ragging and unauthorised activities within the force.
23 May 2018 04:05PM (Updated: 23 May 2018 10:37PM )
SINGAPORE: The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) on Wednesday (May 23) announced a series of measures to guard against ragging and unauthorised activities within the force.
The enhanced measures come after the death of an SCDF full-time national serviceman (NSF), who drowned in a fire station pump well during activities to celebrate his impending Operationally Ready Date (ORD).
Metal grating will now be installed across the opening of pump wells, which will be locked to prevent unauthorised access. The use of pump wells will be strictly controlled, said SCDF, adding that CCTV coverage will be expanded.
Officers who did not participate in unauthorised activities, but were found to have done nothing to stop or report them despite being aware of what was happening, will also be punished.
"This sends a strong signal that such officers must also bear responsibility," said SCDF in a media release.
To help SCDF NSFs report any issues of concern, there will be more interview sessions with their supervisors.
Currently, the one-to-one interviews are conducted fortnightly during an NSF's first three months in a new unit. But moving forward, these interviews will also be held during the last three months of an NSF's service, and they will be conducted by senior SCDF officers who are not based at their same station.
"This ensures impartiality in the feedback process, and facilitates in reassuring the NSFs to bring up any issues of concern," said SCDF. "Any case of unauthorised activities reported during these interviews will be immediately surfaced to SCDF senior management for necessary follow-up action."
Families, too, will have access to a feedback channel. SCDF said it will set up a dedicated staff feedback helpline on a 24/7 basis to support its existing whistle-blowing framework.
"This will allow SCDF officers and their families to contact SCDF at any time to provide feedback relating to the workplace, including feedback and concerns over unacceptable practices."
SCDF reiterated its "zero tolerance" towards all forms of ragging and unauthorised initiation activities, adding that it will also "carefully consider" any recommendations that the Board of Inquiry might make.
The SCDF and Home Team agencies were tasked to relook the rules and how they are enforced, following the death of Corporal (CPL) Kok Yuen Chin.
Minister for Home Affairs and Law K Shanmugam had said in Parliament last week that more needed to be done to prevent such incidents from happening again, calling the conduct of those involved in CPL Kok's case "unacceptable" and a "clear and serious violation of the rules".
Investigations are ongoing, but Mr Shanmugam said there will "almost certainly" be criminal proceedings.
Source: CNA/gs
SCDF

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


New construction! Building in progress...footings/foundation have been completed! R.K. McDaniel Construction built 3 bedroom/2 bath rancher with large eat in kitchen with custom cabinets and stainless steel appliances. Kitchen and living room have vaulted ceilings Kitchen opens to a large deck overlooking a spacious back yard. The master suite boast a WIC and a in-suite bath with granite countertops. New home is a must see and is price to SELL!!!


Done some Avatar work, but it's not really been that useful?
In this video – I discuss why it's so important to really make the effort to understand your customers and clients.
This depth of understanding about my clients has changed my business and it can do the same for you. This is why I'm so passionate about understanding your ideal client.
It doesn't matter how good you are if you're talking to the wrong person.
He wasn't having much luck chatting up the barista. You could tell he'd been trying for hours.
It's all about 'client ideation' images.


text:
Officer catches baby thrown from 2nd floor balcony
By Kali O'Rourke
Published: Sep. 20, 2021 at 2:29 AM CDT
JERSEY CITY, N.J. (Gray News) - A police officer is being hailed as a hero for saving a 1-month-old baby who was thrown from the second floor balcony of a New Jersey building.
Police responded to an incident Saturday morning in Jersey City, New Jersey, where an unidentified man was threatening a 1-month-old baby, according to the Hudson County Prosecutor's Office.
Officers set up a perimeter to negotiate with the man, but he ended up throwing the baby from the second story of the building, Mayor Steven Fulop wrote on Instagram.
Officials say Officer Eduardo Matute safely caught the baby, who was not injured during the incident. CNN reports the infant was taken to the hospital as a precaution and was later discharged.
Photos shared on social media by Fulop and the prosecutor's office show Matute smiling as he cradles the baby at the hospital.
"Feeling grateful for the efforts of the Jersey City Police Officers who performed heroically today to keep this baby safe," wrote the prosecutor's office on Twitter.
Photos shared on social media show Matute smiling as he cradles the baby at the hospital.(Source: Twitter/@JerseyCity via CNN)
The prosecutor's office also acknowledged the "actions & bravery" of Officer Joseph Casey, the negotiator and first responding officer, and Capt. Michael McKerry, the incident commander.
The man accused of throwing the baby was arrested. He faces charges of attempted murder, aggravated assault and endangering the welfare of a child, according to a city spokesperson.
The investigation is ongoing.
Copyright 2021 Gray Media Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
Deadly crimes rose in 2020, continue to rise
Parents, two daughters killed in Louisiana house fire leaving teen sibling behind


A Creative Team designed and built this new website for the Langley Minor Lacrosse Association.
The previous website was not user friendly and we worked with the client to improve this. Now news items are front and centre on the home page, as well as a frequently updated home page slide show and structured content for Field Lacrosse and Box Lacrosse.
This new wordpress site also includes email newsletter functionality so that the club can send out information easily to the entire organization.


"Super Affiliate" is a term used to refer to affiliate marketers who have achieved very substantial success.
While there's no specific milestone after which you become "Super", for the purpose of this guide we consider that threshold to be $100,000.
If you're earning at least $100k/yr., we'll grant you the official status of "Super Affiliate".
WILL earn at least $100,000, pass go, and achieve "Super" status.
It may not be "easy" – you should expect to put in a lot of work. But it really is that simple.
What you have before you is, simply put, the most complete, up-to-date, and effective guide to successful Affiliate Marketing – and to becoming a Super Affiliate – that money can buy.
I understand that's a very bold statement; the internet is full of them. Most, of course, is exaggerated, even extremely so.
This guide, however, is different. It's the Real Deal, based entirely and exclusively on real-world experience and actual success. It's written by a guy (me) who has been in 'the biz' since it's inception, published by a company ("$100k Publishing", my company) that has been doing this profitably for almost a decade.
Nothing here is a theory, hearsay, or second-hand knowledge. Nor is it stuff that "seems like it should work" – which, unfortunately, is the basis of so many make-money guides out there.
This is a Blueprint. Follow it to become a "Super Affiliate".
In this section, you'll get an overview of the particular business model implemented in the Blueprint.
Your niche or topic is the basis of your website – it's what your site will be about, it's "Reason For Being".
One of the most important aspects of choosing your niche or topic is your RFB – your "Reason For Being".
Knowledge and interest are crucial characteristics for success.
We begin by 'brainstorming' – creating a list of potential niche candidates.
A well-known internet marketer, John Reese, when talking about brainstorming products to sell, used to say "go where the money already is".
Generally, if it's related to something you can buy from Amazon.com, it's a decent topic for a blog.
A classic problem with keyword research and niche research is this: when everyone is using the same tools, everyone is working off the same results.
In order to make money as an affiliate, you need affiliate offers to promote, and visitors to purchase.
Your website is your place of business; it's where visitors-customers-show up, your office and storefront.
There's no way around this fact, so I'll just say it: in order to succeed, you must have good content.
You'll want 10-15 articles in advance and "drip" them over the course of a month. This way you can work on promoting your site without having to go back and write more.
The formatting of your articles has a big potential impact on your ranking..
My how times have changed! It used to be that keyword research was 'Ground Zero', the foundation for all Internet marketing. We even used to say – and mean it!
Our traffic will come primarily through two avenues: search engine ranking, and referral traffic.
We do this with keyword research, finding the highest search volume keywords that are relevant to our site.
At the very least, where it is appropriate, include your URL on business cards, invoices, and the like, stationary or letterhead, signage, etc.
By now your site should have a steady, flow of income and a decent search engine ranking. Start going hands off – automate your content and SEO for the site or sell it all together and start fresh with a new site.
As someone who has run a successful online business for almost a decade, has been training marketers for years, I have a pretty good sense of what it takes to succeed.


text:
A Handy Guide for Using the Toilet on the International Space Station
Astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti boldly shows where few people have gone before
Rafi Schwartz
image via youtube screen capture
Life aboard the International Space Station (ISS) is about as distant from life on Earth–both literally, and figuratively–as it gets. There, the crew must adjust to a style of living unlike anything on our planet's surface–a style in which the claustrophobic conditions aboard the station are tempered only by the unfathomable emptiness of outer space. Aboard the ISS, everything, even such simple creature comforts as a hot cup of coffee, necessitates custom-built, cutting-edge technology.
For example, take one of the body's most basic needs: Pooping.
While those of us on Earth probably don't think twice about the mechanics involved in using the toilet, astronauts aboard the International Space Station have to be a little more mindful when it comes to dealing with their biological necessities. While we have gravity to help with our bodily functions, the ISS crew has to rely on artificially-created suction to ensure their space station stays clean when nature calls.
To show just what a zero-gravity, space-age toilet looks like, and how it works, European Space Agency astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti filmed this short explanation:
Cristoforetti currently serves on the ISS' 43rd expedition, as part of the Italian ASI space agency's Futura mission. After arriving at the station late last year, Christoforetti quickly made a name for herself on Earth by tweeting a photo of herself peering out the station's window while dressed as Star Trek: Voyager's Captain Kathryn Janeway.
Cristoforetti is not the first astro-celeb to share a little educational levity with the folks back home. She follows (well, floats) in the footsteps of ISS comander Chris Hadfield, whose quirky and thought provoking youtube hits brought the experience of living in space to millions of viewers around the world, and set the bar for space station viral videos.
For more of Astronaut Cristoforetti's videos depicting both how different, and similar, life about the International Space Station is, check out the European Space Agency's Youtube channel.
[via Neatorama]


Please elect this man. All will be forgiven*.
You do your part, and we'll get Chuck DeVore in, okay?
There is a middle-class tax time bomb ticking in the Senate's version of President Obama's effort to reform health care.
The bill that passed the Senate with such fanfare on Christmas Eve would impose a confiscatory 40 percent excise tax on so-called Cadillac health plans, which are popularly viewed as over-the-top plans held only by the very wealthy. In fact, it's a tax that in a few years will hammer millions of middle-class policyholders, forcing them to scale back their access to medical care.
Which is exactly what the tax is designed to do.
In other words, rationing. I know it would kill Herbert to admit this, but he's on his way to agreeing with Sarah Palin.
Give in to the Right side of The Force, Bob. We have cookies.
Mr Obama began his golf round after a press conference earlier in the day, when he vowed an all-out pursuit of plotters of a failed Christmas Day bombing of a US-bound airliner, vowing "we will not rest" until they are captured and tried.
You are currently browsing the Public Secrets blog archives for the day Tuesday, December 29th, 2009.


"Your Committee have now the satisfaction to state that on the 23rd of August in the last year (1820) a Society was formed at the Cape of Good Hope under the designation of the South African Bible Society."
This paragraph in the 1821 Annual Report of the British and Foreign Bible Society marked the official start of Bible Society work in South Africa.
Today the Bible Society of South Africa is a non-profit company comprising five regions with its head office in Bellville, Cape Town. Different church denominations are members of the Bible Society. The highest governing body is the Board of Directors which comprises eight members.
The Bible Society exercises sound business principles directed by Christian values to render effective and efficient service.
The Bible Society of South Africa exists to serve the church and all the people of South Africa by providing affordable Bibles for everyone in their own language and in suitable formats so that all may experience the life-giving message of the Word.


text:
https://www.powervoter.us:443/senate_republicans_urge_trump_to_go_allin_on_georgia
Senate Republicans urge Trump to go all-in on Georgia
Republicans are urging President Trump to get involved in boosting the GOP candidates in two Senate races in Georgia, where he's narrowly trailing President-elect Joe Biden as the Senate majority hangs in the balance.
Senate Republicans are pulling out all the stops as they try to fend off an uphill Democratic effort to flip the two Georgia seats. If Democrats won both seats they would clinch a majority, since Sen. Kamala Harris (D-Calif.) would be able to break a 50-50 tie once sworn in as vice president.
The party's 2024 hopefuls are set to blanket the Peach State ahead of the Jan. 5 runoff elections, but GOP senators say they hope that Trump, who is locked in a myriad of legal challenges surrounding the presidential race, is able to lend his megaphone to help hold onto the Senate majority.
"I think everybody understands what's at stake," said Sen. John Cornyn (R-Texas). "I think as soon as the election is resolved, one way or the other, I think he could be a big help."
Asked if he wanted Trump to campaign for the GOP senators, Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.), a possible 2024 contender who will be in the state on Wednesday, replied, "Sure. Absolutely and I expect he would."
Pence told GOP senators during a closed-door caucus lunch that he will travel to Georgia next week and left the door open to Trump getting involved in the runoffs that will determine which party controls the Senate.
"I hope the president, the vice president, I hope everybody gets involved to make sure we keep the majority," said Sen. Rick Scott (R-Fla.), who was elected Tuesday to chair the National Republican Senatorial Committee, the campaign arm of Senate Republicans, for the 2022 cycle.
Cornyn added that Pence "indicated that he and the president would be willing to help."
The push for Trump to get involved in the two Georgia races comes as he's trailing Biden in the state and is engaged in several legal challenges across multiple battleground states.
Trump has not yet conceded the White House race, despite the election being called by news outlets over the weekend, and GOP senators are being careful not to get ahead of the president. Republicans predict that the legal process will play itself out one or way or another.
The decision to not alienate Trump could pay political dividends in Georgia, where they will need his voters to turn out if GOP Sens. David Perdue (Ga.) and Kelly Loeffler (Ga.) are going to win their runoff elections.
"We need his voters and he has a tremendous following out there," Sen. John Thune (S.D.), the No. 2 Republican senator, said about the upcoming elections. "Obviously he can have a tremendously positive impact on the outcome. ... So we hope that he engages."
Asked if he thought Trump should campaign in Georgia, Thune added, "It could be. ... I think it would be what he is willing to do, but as we know he has a tremendous following."
The Georgia Senate races are under the national spotlight because they will determine whether Republicans will control one arm of government come January, as Democrats have already kept their majority in the House and won the White House.
Democrats are currently projected to have 48 Senate seats to Republicans' 50 seats. Though two other races outside of Georgia remain uncalled by The Associated Press, in North Carolina Democratic nominee Cal Cunningham conceded on Tuesday and GOP Sen. Dan Sullivan appears to be cruising to reelection in Alaska.
That means Democrats need to win both Georgia runoff races in order to force a 50-50 Senate, which would give them the majority because they will also control the White House.
Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) tipped his hand on Tuesday to the significance of the battle in Georgia, where Democrat Jon Ossoff is trying to unseat Perdue and Raphael Warnock is battling Loeffler.
"There's some suspense about exactly whether we'll be in the majority or not," McConnell told reporters after he was reelected as Senate GOP leader for an eighth term.
Sen. Mike Rounds (R-S.D.) told reporters that Republicans "absolutely have to have Georgia in our win column." Perdue, in a statement sent out by his Senate office, added that he was "confident that we will defend the Senate majority" in January.
But Democrats feel increasingly bullish about the inroads they are making in Georgia, where they've made gains among suburban voters and moderates in recent years. In 2018, Democrat Stacey Abrams came within 1.4 percentage points of winning the governor's mansion, helping convince many that the state could be in play.
A Democratic strategist told The Hill late last week that the path for Democrats would rely heavily on high turnout in Atlanta and the suburbs. Both sides are spending millions in the roughly 60-day stretch to try to win over the two seats.
Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.) on Tuesday called Georgia "close."
"People forget something. There's this conventional wisdom that Democrats don't win runoffs in Georgia. That's not true," Schumer said. "We are working very hard to win Georgia and we believe that we have a very good chance of winning."


Humans have an elaborate immune system. That system acts as a coat of armor to protect us from the billions of pathogenic (disease-causing) organisms in our environment and that enter the body through breathing, eating, drinking and cuts in the skin.
When the immune system is functioning at the peak of efficiency, these microorganisms can be present in ones body but they have little effect. However, when an injury or an over abundance of physical or mental stress weakens the immune system, these opportunistic germs are able to get a stronghold.
Disease results as these pathogens overtake various glands, organs and tissues in the body. At some point, the diseased glands, organs or tissues produce symptoms that are characteristic of the particular pathogen. For example, cold viruses normally attack the respiratory system. The respiratory system then reacts by producing more phlegm. Tissues swell, then sneezing, coughing, runny nose, and other discomforts appear as symptoms.
Sometimes the symptoms are immediate. But, many times it takes months and even years for them to appear. Even prior to the appearance of symptoms, the pathogens are in the body draining strength from the infected tissues and the immune system.
The ingredients in Olive Leaf Extract support and boost the immune system.
Interfering with the pathogen's amino acid processes. This prevents the pathogen from reproducing and creating more microbes within the body. Studies even suggest that calcium elenolate can enter infected cells in the body and stop viral cells from replicating.
Preventing virus shedding, the means by which viruses reproduce. Right-reflecting calcium elenolate attaches to the cell membrane to stop viruses from multiplying and spreading. In the case of retroviruses, calcium elenolate neutralizes the production of reverse transcriptase and protease. These enzymes are essential for a retrovirus, such as HIV, to alter the RNA of a healthy cell. Without them, the retrovirus is rendered impotent.
Directly stimulating phagocytosis, an immune system response in which cells ingest microorganisms and foreign matter.
It is also important to realize that Olive Leaf Extract is not a drug. As a result, taken in recommended amounts, one may not notice an overnight improvement. In some cases of seriousImmune system problems, two or three months of regular ingestion are required before significant improvements in chronic conditions of ill health are realized.
Olive Leaf Extract does not cure disease. It is important to remember that pathogens are not the disease. Neither are symptoms the disease. Disease occurs as pathogens or other harmful substances damage glands, organs or tissues of the body.
Nothing in the extract can change or fix damaged cells in the body.
By attacking microbes and directly strengthening the body's immune system, Olive Leaf Extract enables the immune system to better protect and help restore health.
Olive Leaf Extract can simply help improve and maintain the immune system and healthy body function.
In cases where people are suffering with a chronic problem, there may be a quick and somewhat adverse reaction.
The "die-off effect," or Herxheimer Reaction, refers to symptoms generated by a detoxification process.
As the body begins to deal with dead microbes, one may experience a variety of detox symptoms.
"Die off" occurs as large quantities of invading organisms die. When that happens, the dead microbes release toxins and other substances. The cell wall proteins of the dead microbes get absorbed into weakened mucous membranes. When large quantities of this foreign material are present, the body begins a process to get rid of it.
Sometimes it's more than the eliminative organs can handle at one time. The liver, kidneys, intestines and skin may become over-burdened. Thus, one could feel ill or develop skin reaction. All of these conditions are good signs -- they indicate that the Olive Leaf Extract is working to destroy germs that may be causing various conditions of ill health.
Common reactions include fatigue, diarrhea, headaches, muscle/joint achiness or flu-like symptoms. Some people may develop a rash, pimples or other skin condition. Severity differs also from person to person, depending on the extent of the problem.
The best way to maximize the power of Olive Leaf Extract and limit any adverse reaction is to drink four cups of water in between usages. Water helps to strengthen the lymphatic system and flush the kidneys.
In the event substantial detoxification symptoms occur that produce discomfort, the first line of attack is to drink a large amount of distilled or reverse osmosis water. If detox symptoms persist, there are other courses of action as well.
For minimal discomfort, such as a headache or muscle/joint pain, a simple over-the-counter analgesic such as aspirin or ibuprofen usually suffices.
For more than minimal discomfort, one might consider reducing the daily intake of Olive Leaf Extract. One might even stop taking it altogether for a few days. It may take a day or two, or even a week, for the body to process and eliminate the toxins produced by the dead microbes.
After these few days, one should resume taking Olive Leaf Extract at a slightly lower amount and increase slowly. Many people also find that large amounts of vitamin C help the body during this time.
Research indicates that amounts many times higher than recommended are unlikely to produce toxic or other adverse side effects. During 1993 testing of the liquid form of the product against the herpes virus, there were no observed or reported side effects.
Die-off effect is only temporary, and usually ends with a greatly enhanced feeling of well-being. Olive Leaf Extract is very safe, in spite of the "die-off" detoxification effect among some individuals.
Olive Leaf Extract produces substantial energy increases in most people that use it. It is not at all uncommon to hear people state that they have more energy than they have had for years.
One likely reason for this is that the body is now freed from fighting so many opportunistic invaders. Without having to direct much of its energy inward for immune processes, the body can redirect that energy level outwards to be used as desired.
During clinical use by a doctor in southern California, patients stated that Olive Leaf Extract solved their tiredness and fatigue problems. One frequently heard comment from users is that they feel more energy and a greater sense of well-being. Many choose to continue with Olive Leaf Extract even after their conditions of ill health are gone. Healthy people without any noticeable health problems who take it say they also feel this infusion of energy.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is a rather prevalent condition of late. While it may seem like a rather new problem, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is related to the more widely known malady, mononucleosis, commonly called the "kissing disease" years ago a reference to the method of transmission.
Both illnesses are caused by the Epstein Barr virus. This virus is a member of the herpes family of viral infections, and is related to the viruses that cause shingles and genital herpes.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome also many times afflicts its unfortunate victim with Immune Dysfunction Syndrome, thus the acronym CFIDS, short for Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome.
The symptoms of CFIDS include, of course, bone-crushing fatigue as well as fever, sore throat, swollen glands, loss of appetite, insomnia, recurrent respiratory infections, nausea, intestinal problems, stomachache, diarrhea, anxiety, cough, depression, rash and skin problems, vomiting, mood swings, swelling, sleep problems, weight gain or loss, temporary memory loss, loss of concentration, unusual stress, headache and other aches and pains.
These symptoms mimic other common viral illnesses such as the flu, therefore diagnosis may be difficult. No medical cure or vaccine exists for the virus. Past medical histories of those with CFIDS often includes mononucleosis, cold sores or oral herpes, genital herpes, shingles and surprisingly, allergies to food, drugs or the very common "hay fever."
The Center for Disease Control in Atlanta estimates that tens of thousands of Americans are infected with this virus. Approximately 20% of the population may be carriers only, with no visible symptoms. The Epstein Barr virus is highly contagious, and is spread by personal contact, kissing, sharing good, coughing, spitting (which leaves microscopic droplets in the air) and intimate contact.
The virus causes an overreaction of the body's immune system, which most often results in decreased immunity by overtaxing the immune system. Herein lies the danger of the virus -- it is incurable and can do much damage to the immune system. Immune-suppressed individuals experience an approximate 30% higher rate of viral replication than those with functional immune systems.
Additionally, once the Epstein Barr virus enters the body, it remains there, waiting until the immune system becomes compromised. Some experts believe that the virus can remain in a person's body their entire lifetime, putting them down with illness again and again.
These same experts maintain that infection with the Epstein Barr virus is inevitable for all adults in the entire world. People in third world nations, the economically disadvantaged and those within the confines of the inner city are usually infected by early adolescence. In middle and upper economic and social levels, about 55% of the population is infected by adolescence. After college age, however, nearly all the individuals in this group have detectable Epstein Barr virus antibodies, indicating a past or present active infection.
Of even more disturbing news is the data that some researchers are now discovering. A number of research teams have unearthed new evidence that other microbes have joined with the Epstein Barr virus or act as substitutes for it. This list includes the scary retroviral foamy viruses, HTLV-2, enteroviruses (including polio), cytomegalovirus and human herpes virus type VI.
A person cannot become immune to the Epstein Barr virus, and since it is a virus, no antibiotic has any power against it. The same frightening scenario exists for the other viruses mentioned above.
All of this would paint a rather bleak picture, were it not for the existence of potentiated Olive Leaf Extract. A good number of people have reported the elimination of fatigue-type problems after using Olive Leaf Extract.
This is no surprise since laboratory testing demonstrates that Olive Leaf Extract kills a wide variety of viruses in vitro, including the Epstein Barr and other viruses.
Fibromyalgia is another syndrome that has been diagnosed with increasing frequency over the last few years, much like Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
Approximately 2% of the total population has Fibromyalgia, while up to 20% of the female population between the ages of 40 and 60 years old have the symptoms. Of great interest is that the syndrome occurs most frequently in the 20-40 year old age group, roughly the time that infection with the Epstein Barr virus also occurs.
Simply defined, Fibromyalgia is a disorder that manifests itself in various parts of the body. In the early days of this new syndrome, many practitioners simply classified any soft tissue complaint that they couldn't otherwise diagnose as Fibromyalgia.
Today, diagnosis is much more specific. The symptoms of Fibromyalgia include aches, pains, stiffness, localized tenderness and swelling, fatigue, stress, headache, sore throat, intestinal problems, depression, anxiety, memory blanks, loss of concentration, mood swings and non-refreshing sleep.
Note the substantial similarity in symptoms of Fibromyalgia with those of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. There have been some immunologic antibody findings that indicate a pathogenic-linked cause for Fibromyalgia, just like Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Most researchers today link Fibromyalgia in some manner with CFIDS.
Dr. Walter Gunn states "What seems to show up in article after article is some kind of immune dysfunction." Whether these abnormalities are due to a viral infection, a reactivation of latent viruses or another factor is as yet unproven. It is known however, that a large number of infectious agents initiate the onset of Fibromyalgia.
Additionally, two different laboratories have found that Fibromyalgia is accompanied by low levels of natural killer cell activity. As mentioned earlier, Olive Leaf Extract empowers the immune system by increasing phagocytes, the body's natural killer cells.
Olive Leaf Extract also has a proven record invitro against both viruses and latent viruses as well as numerous other pathogens. Thus we can surmise that these nutritional problems can be helped by Olive Leaf Extract.
It is now well-known and well documented that one product of the olive tree, olive oil, has a positive health benefit to the cardiovascular system. The Mediterranean Diet, of which olive oil is a part, is beneficial when used as part of a healthy lifestyle. It must also be remembered that olive oil is rich in various olive phenolics which likely accounts for much of its nutritional power.
Petroni and Blasevich at the Institute of Pharmacological Studies, University of Milan found that olive oil reduced blood platelet aggregation. This could potentially result in lessened risk of blood clots and heart problems.
As reported in the April, 1995 issue of Thrombosis Research, they determined that this beneficial effect was caused by the antioxidant properties in the extra-virgin olive oil. Of equal, or perhaps even more importance, they also found that the aqueous was water from the olive oil refining process, rich in phenolics, showed rather potent activities as well.
Petroni and Blasevich's partners at the University of Milan, F. Visioli and C. Galli, paved the way in their 1994 study which showed that olive leaf derivatives are good antioxidants. Thus, they proposed that this is a new link between the Mediterranean diet and the prevention of serious heart problems.
V. Petkov, working on his research in Europe and writing for peer-review journals in the United States, also found uses for olive leaf in nutritionally maintaining healthy cardiovascular systems and helping other heart problems.
Perez-Jimenez and Espino, in their 1995 article in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, demonstrated that a diet rich in olive oil increased the high-density lipids, or good cholesterol, by 7%.
A 1994	experiment at the University of Milan's Institute of Pharmacological Sciences found that olive leaf inhibited oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, the so-called "bad cholesterol" connected to various heart problems.
A subsequent study in 1995 at the same institution linked olive leaf to the reduction or delaying of problems in the heart.
The 1996 study by Ruiz-Guttierrez and Muriana at the University Hospital found that components in olive oil significantly boosted high-density lipids )"good" cholesterol) and reduced the low-density lipids ("bad" cholesterol).
Of great importance is the report that Olive Leaf Extract helps solve the nutritional problems associated with a weakened cardiovascular system.
Anecdotal reports from some people indicate that Olive Leaf Extract helped solve their nutritional problems. One elderly male reported vast improvement in only eight days as a result of taking Olive Leaf Extract.
A woman with a mild problem said her condition improved substantially when she took Olive Leaf Extract and her problems returned after she discontinued taking it.
Olive Leaf Extract has also been studied for its ability to lower blood pressure. Ribeiro and Fiuza reported the findings of their study in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology. They studied thirty two medicinal plants, and verified that olea europaea, olive leaf, produced a beneficial effect.
A recent study of olive leaf to determine its blood pressure lowering capabilities was undertaken in 1996 by a large team of researchers in Belgium. They tested thirty patients who were suffering from high blood pressure. After three months on Olive Leaf Extract, all thirty patients experienced a decrease in blood pressure. Quoting the researchers, "We note for all patients a statistically significant decrease of blood pressure." Additionally, they noted that they did not find any side effects from the Olive Leaf Extract occurring in the patients in this study.
Another 1996 study from the University Hospital in Sevilla, Spain found that phenolic-rich olive oil reduced both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
As demonstrated here, Olive Leaf Extract is a powerful antioxidant much like flavonoids and proanthocyanadins. These very compounds protect the heart and cardiovascular system from free radical-induced damage, and promote powerful good health in the user.
Eight years ago, a flu swept the globe and killed 21 million people. It decimated families and left pain, suffering and death in its wake. The mortality rate was 10 times worse that the normal strain of influenza. This new flu strain caught the world by surprise.
Many people had fevers of 104 degrees, and died as their lungs filled with fluid. Many became delirious before they died. In the U.S., 675,000 people died from the flu in less than a year's time. Its impact worldwide was worse than Europe's black plague of the Middle Ages.
This killer flu was called the Spanish flu, believing that it had originated in Spain. That was incorrect -- most likely, the killer flu of 1918 originated in China, where most new flu strains are born.
Which gives one pause, considering that in late 1997, Hong Kong panicked upon discovery of an avian influenza, aptly named the "bird flu." A flu strain previously limited to birds appeared in humans, and killed a number of people. Authorities worried that the virus might mutate into a form more easily passed among humans. Authorities killed more than one million birds in hopes of eliminating the disease carriers.
While it appears that the disease was halted, one scientist remained wary. He's quoted as saying "It's a lull in the battle. We can't say it's still not lurking somewhere."
While these events are certainly scary, one need not excessively fear health problems caused by flu, colds, or their related problems, such as pneumonia, in the case of influenza.
Many Americans fall prey to several colds every year. Additionally, in 1990, 43.4% of Americans suffered through at least one bout of the flu. That's more than 110 million people missing work, school and other important aspects of their lives due to a virus. The single largest cause of missed work or school are viral cold and flu infections.
Laboratory testing shows that Olive Leaf Extract could substantially reduce one's susceptibility to cold or flu viruses.
Dr. Robert Lyons performed a clinical test of his patients using Olive Leaf Extract. Of the 164 patients suffering from respiratory and lung conditions (colds, flu, lung problems and the like), 157 fully recovered and 7 improved while using Olive Leaf Extract. That's a success rate of almost 96%.
One doctor believes that Olive Leaf Extract may be a true germ killer since it selectively blocks an entire virus-specific system in the infected host. It appears to offer organic health benefits not available with pharmaceutical antibiotics. M	any people who lead stressful lives or who may be particularly susceptible to colds and viruses may benefit from long-term use of Olive Leaf Extract as an immune system booster.
Experts say there has been an unusual increase in mysterious respiratory infections among the elderly and blood infections among people of all ages. When you eliminate AIDS, the death rate during the same period for all other infectious diseases rose by 22%.
The World Health Organization as far back as 1978 was saying that by the year 2000, sources other than Western, technological medicine would be needed in order for all people to have adequate health care. The organization recommended the use of traditional forms of healing and medicine, such as the use of herbs, to meet the demands of an exploding global population. The recommendation was adopted by the organization.
Our traditional treatment-of-choice against infections has been various kinds of antibiotics. We know that the mechanism by which antibiotics work is perhaps not the most beneficial to the human body. Most antibiotics suppress the immune system, and nearly all of them destroy beneficial organisms in the intestinal tract.
Additionally, medical science has stated numerous times over recent years that the current antibiotics have largely been rendered of little use against the newly-named "superbug" germs. With no new antibiotics on the horizon, this poses a grave threat to health.
It must be noted that this is a major medical problem today of epidemic proportions. Largely as a result of overuse of antibiotics, many microbes are resistant to those medicines.
Today, there are few effective antibiotics available that continue to work with the most common pathogens such as staphylococcus and streptococcus. Some of the new strains of "superbugs" are totally unaffected by traditional drugs.
Olive Leaf Extract and the "Superbugs"
A new series of testing with Olive Leaf Extract shows a very interesting and immensely significant development. Olive Leaf Extract empowers the immune system by directly stimulating production of immune system cells called phagocytes. These phagocytes move throughout the body looking for foreign invaders.
They then neutralize any abnormal organisms that they find. An important fact is that microbes cannot be resistant to phagocyte cells like they can to drug interventions.
Olive Leaf Extract also contains flavonoids, esters and multiple iridoids that create a structurally-complicated molecule. It appears that bad microorganisms cannot readily develop a resistance to Olive Leaf Extract's complex structure.
Incidentally, Olive Leaf Extract does all this while enhancing immune system function, and leaving intact the beneficial bacteria in the intestines.
Already Olive Leaf Extract has shown itself to be the only effective and nutritional remedy available for the fatal Bacillus cereus contamination. This is a microorganism that infects the body, and there is no known medical treatment or cure. Once infected, the microorganism takes over the body, and the person dies.
Tassou and Nychas, researchers at the Ministry of Agriculture in Athens, Greece detailed the results of their studies in the prestigious journals Lancet and Biotechnology Applied Biochemistry stating that Olive Leaf Extract and oleuropein inhibit the germination and growth of the pathogen.
Of the people who enter hospitals each year, more than 2 million of them end up with an infection acquired solely as a result of their being in a hospital. These hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections are fatal to 22,000 Americans every year.
According to Robert Haley, M.D., head of the Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Unit at the University of Texas Health Science Center, "every piece of equipment, every invasive technique provides the opportunity for infection to develop."
It could be surmised that, given the high rate of antibiotic-resistant microbes in the general population, the infection-causing germs in a hospital environment are likely to be drug-resistant. This poses additional problems for the patient whose immune system is already overburdened or compromised.
For instance, staphylococcus infection can prove fatal to its victim when it contaminates a wound, gets inside the body during surgery or infects someone in an immune-suppressed condition. No longer destroyed by penicillin, staphylococci present in hospitals are so drug-resistant that only a very potent intravenous antibiotic, vancomycin, has any success at killing them. It must be noted that vancomycin is a serious drug with several serious side-effects, notably kidney toxicity and hearing loss.
Enterococci, a relative of staphylococci, infects surgical wounds below the waist and has now become resistant to even this powerful drug.
Two common respiratory infectors, Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia are largely resistant to antibiotics. Both children's ear infections and adult sinus infections are usually caused by S. pneumoniae.
Olive Leaf Extract Powerful and Safe against "Super Bugs"
Olive Leaf Extract has also been tested and found to be safe in amounts far higher than the normal daily amount. Pharmaceutical testing indicates that amounts many times larger than the daily recommended usage are not toxic and do not cause adverse side effects.
Capasso and Evidente, along with their team of 4 other researchers, found in 1995 that olive oil malaxation waters were highly toxic to a number of different bacterium. They tested it against phytopathogenic Pseudomonas syringae, Ps. savastanoi (Gram-negative) and Corynebacterium michiganese (Gram-positive).
Americans are living longer, but not healthier. Numerous authorities believe that a significant cause for this lack of health is the existence of parasites in the human body.
Dr. Hazel Parcels states that "85% of adult North Americans are infected with parasites."
Dr. Peter Wina, Chief of Pathobiology at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research adds "We have a tremendous parasite problem right here in the U.S. It is just not being addressed."
But perhaps the most surprising statement comes from Dr. Frank Nova, Chief of the Laboratory for Parasitic Diseases at the National Institute of Health when he says "In terms of numbers, there are more parasitic infections acquired in this country than in Africa."
The World Health Organization categorizes parasites as among the six most harmful infectious diseases in humans.
Parasite infection is an unrecognized epidemic that plagues a great number of people throughout the world including the U.S.
Researchers claim that a majority of people around the world host parasites of one type or another. Parasites can inhabit muscle tissue, the digestive tract, the bloodstream and even the brain, heart and other vital organs.
Parasites can be microscopic in size or can stretch up to 30 feet long. When most people think of parasites, they visualize tapeworms, hookworms, roundworms and flatworms. The Centers for Disease Control says that tapeworm infection in the U.S. has doubled in frequency within the past ten years.
Roundworm infection is abundant in meat-eating cultures. One type of flatworm, a fluke, can live in the intestines, liver, lungs or blood. Trichina larvae, sometimes found in pork products, burrow into the intestinal wall and enter the bloodstream. The blood flow carries the larvae to the muscle fibers where these worms live and grow.
Worms, such as the hookworm, attach themselves to the intestinal wall and live off the host's blood.
Microscopic parasites do not live off their host as such, but can thrive on processed foods, and their waste excretion can cause serious problems within the human body.
The Center for Disease Control considers parasite-caused giardia the number one waterborne disease. It has been found in the water supplies of major cities in America.
Giardia is one of the many microscopic organisms that can greatly interfere with physical and mental functioning. This parasite can coat the intestinal wall, inhibiting digestion and assimilation.
Parasites can be contracted by eating under cooked beef, pork, fish or other meats, walking barefoot on infected soil, through both intimate and casual physical contact, being in contact with flies or mosquitoes, eating unclean raw vegetables, drinking infected water, close physical contact with cats, dogs or other pets and simply contacting unclean environments through breathing or touching. There is an increased danger of contracting parasites when traveling to tropical or underdeveloped countries. The rise in immigration, especially from these areas, also contributes to the epidemic in the U.S.
It must be noted that some types of parasites, after attaching themselves to muscle tissue or infecting tissues, can reproduce and survive for years in the body.
One study illustrates the longevity of parasites in the human body. In 1979 a British study reported on 600 former prisoners of war from World War II. These men had been stationed in the Far East. Thirty years after the war, 15% were still infected with a parasite called Strongyloides that they had contracted during the war. Thus, a parasite infestation from years ago could still be alive and active in the body.
Determining if one has parasites can be very difficult indeed. This subject has not received a great deal of attention, and as such, accurate testing methods are still being developed. Current laboratory testing finds only about 1% of the more than 1,000 parasites that can live in the human body.
There will likely be an increased demand for effective testing procedures, especially as the parasite problem becomes more pronounced. Recent outbreaks, such as that which occurred in the water supply of the upper mid-west, will only expedite the development of parasitology. This outbreak was caused by Cryptosporidia, a microscopic parasite that infected thousands of people. Many people became ill and some people died, especially those who had weakened immune systems.
Most parasites live in the body without revealing their presence. Thus, parasite infestation manifests itself in less obvious ways, many times hidden within the symptoms of various chronic health problems.
Problems claimed to be caused by parasites include hypoglycemia, indigestion, a weakened immune system, fatigue or lack of energy, colitis, back pain, headaches, acne and other skin problems, poor assimilation, nausea, vomiting, lack of concentration, weakness, flu-like symptoms, muscle and joint pain, weight loss, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, appetite loss or uncontrolled appetite, gas, dizziness, memory loss, asthma, allergies, sinusitis, irritability, abdominal pain, constipation, infertility, itchiness, slow reflexes, blurry or unclear vision, back pain, menstrual problems and bed wetting.
Some researchers claim that the waste material produced by flukes is extremely carcinogenic and contributes to the formation of cancer. The waste material from just one tapeworm may make some people ill. Microscopic parasites can cause arthritis-like symptoms.
Parasites are notoriously difficult to kill and expel from the body. Olive Leaf Extract exhibits powerful anti-parasitic action against just such invaders.
Examine the various entries in the Appendices to determine specific parasites killed by Olive Leaf Extract invitro. Amoebi, cryptosporidia, giardia, pinworm, tapeworm, ringworm and roundworm are some of the more familiar parasites which Olive Leaf Extract kills.
NOTE: During a parasite cleanse, some people may become nauseated or experience other unpleasant feelings. This is most likely due to severe parasitic infection and the resultant "die-off" which releases toxins or dead proteins into the bloodstream.
Olive Leaf Extract may offer considerable potential against tropical ill health problems such as malaria and dengue fever. Malaria is caused by parasitic protozoans injected into the body by infected mosquitoes. Protozoans are one-celled organisms, the simplest creatures in the animal kingdom.
As far back as 1827, reports have appeared in medical literature indicating the benefits of Olive Leaf Extract against malaria. In 1906, one report stated that olive leaves were, in fact, superior to quinine for malarial infections.
Quinine was preferred, however, because it was easier to administer. In studies performed by the Upjohn company, calcium elenolate was found to be effective against the malaria protozoa.
Malaria has been reported recently in Texas and continues to be a leading cause of illness and deaths worldwide, particularly because of drug-resistant strains. It is a continuing concern in the United States because of increased international migration, travel, and commerce, as reported in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports.
Another serious tropical disease giving concern to public health officials is dengue fever. In 1995, large outbreaks of dengue were reported by health authorities in 12 Latin American and Caribbean countries.
This ailment is also mosquito-borne, caused by a virus, and occurs mainly in tropical Asia and the Caribbean. In its most severe form, it can cause vomiting, high fever, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain, and is deadly in approximately 50% of the cases.
Some 50 million people are affected each year and about half a million require hospitalization, according to the World Health Organization. Researchers are trying to find a vaccine but no breakthroughs have occurred yet. For the afflicted, Olive Leaf Extract offers hope that is not available elsewhere.
Candida Albicans is a yeast which normally exists in a certain amount in the intestines. It is a symbiotic relationship -- normally it causes no problems in healthy people. However, once allowed to grow b eyond this amount, in a situation called yeast overgrowth, problems begin. Some health practitioners believe candida overgrowth to be a large problem today, especially in the western world.
Candida enters newborn infants during or shortly after birth. Usually, the growth of the yeast is kept in check by the infant's immune system and thus produces no overt symptoms. But, should the immune response weaken, the condition known as oral thrush can occur as a result. By six months of age, 90% of all babies test positive for candida. By adulthood, virtually all humans play host to Candida albicans and are thus engaged in a life-long relationship.
Fatigue, lethargy, depression, headaches, muscle aches or weakness, joint pain, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, gas, vaginal burning, itching or discharge, prostatitis, endometriosis, infertility, menstrual problems, PMS, anxiety, irritability, drowsiness, lack of coordination, mood swings, insomnia, eczema, itching eyes, psoriasis, sensitivity to foods, itching, cough or recurrent bronchitis, urinary frequency or urgency, burning on urination, recurrent infections, inability to concentrate, skin problems, gastrointestinal symptoms, nervous system problems, recurrent yeast infections in women, allergies, sinus problems, recurrent colds & flu, indigestion, respiratory problems, food cravings, asthma and over or under-weight.
Diets high in carbohydrates, sugar, yeast and yeast products, as well as molds and fermented foods provide a ripe breeding ground for candida.
Additionally, prolonged exposure to molds, antibiotics and sulfa drugs also pose a threat. For women, taking birth control pills or having multiple pregnancies can raise or lower the body's pH level to provide a favorable environment for growth of candida.
Some believe that aspects of our environment allow for a proliferation of candida in our bodies. Examples include stress, poor nutrition, pollution, steroids, antibiotics and hormones in meat.Above all, a compromised immune system is the crucial factor that allows for a yeast overgrowth. The prevalence today of candida may be most directly related to the widespread societal exposure to antibiotics -- from prescriptions for colds, infections, acne, and from additional consumption of antibiotic-treated foods such as meats, dairy, poultry and eggs.
The overuse of antibiotics is a widely known fact today. This not only creates a serious situation with regard to pathogenic infection, it is likely also a leading cause of candidiasis in both men and women.
Once begun, if not recognized and treated appropriately, candida overgrowth can result in a self-perpetuating, negative cycle. Large numbers of yeasts can weaken the immune system, which normally protects the body from harmful invaders.
Even though candida is part of the ecological balance in the body since birth, it is still recognized by the immune system as a foreign body that needs to be controlled. So, when overgrowth occurs, a chronic stimulation to the immune system results, as an attempt by the immune system to regain control. In time, this may exhaust the immune system, predisposing one to more serious illnesses.
The immune system may also be adversely affected by poor nutrition, heavy exposure to molds in the air, as well as an increasing number of chemicals in our food, water and air. Over 10,000 chemicals have been added to the food supply alone that were not there just 100 years ago.
In addition, 79 different toxic products are known to be released by candida, which in itself places a considerable burden on the immune system. These get into the bloodstream and travel to all parts of the body where they may give rise to a host of adverse problems.
In the past, various protocols have been used for candida elimination. Prescriptions of nystatin, a yeast-specific antibiotic are common. In numerous people, however, nystatin causes an allergic response.
A very restrictive candida diet is almost always prescribed as well. This diet virtually eliminates all yeast-containing or yeast-benefiting products from the diet, such as bread, cereal, wheat, potato, cheese, ketchup, mustard, fermented foods and the like.
Suffice it to say that such protocols are inconvenient and difficult to maintain.
Olive Leaf Extract produces beneficial results against various yeast problems while being much easier to use, and without any side effects.
As shown in the Appendices, Olive Leaf Extract works against Candida krusei NRRL Y-105, thrush (oral candidiasis), vaginitis yeast syndrome, chronic polysystemic candidiasis and other candida and yeast organisms invitro.
The only inconvenience using Olive Leaf Extract for candida elimination is a possible Herxheimer reaction. Candida, a single cell fungi, releases powerful poisons as it multiplies, which circulate in the bloodstream causing all kinds of problems.Killing a large amount of yeast at one time, as with Olive Leaf Extract, may overwhelm the body's eliminative capacity.
It is estimated that more than ten million Americans suffer from disfiguring and painful fungal nail infections. This large number of sufferers makes it one of America's most under-recognized health problems. It is frequently found among people with cancer and diabetes, among athletes, elderly individuals, people who spend considerable time standing or who wear the same shoes day after day, or who wear artificial fingernails. Many drugs lower resistance and are believed to make people more susceptible to infection.
Typical anti-fungal medications are very expensive. One drug currently used costs more that $5.00 per capsule.
For the first time in 35 years, a new drug has been approved for the condition. It is called Sporanox and is reported to be more effective than previous anti-fungal preparations. But none of these preparations come cheap. The normal dosage of two 100-milligram pills of Sporanox taken daily for three months costs about $900. Older drugs, taken for 12 months or more, cost double or more that amount over the longer duration. Even with the new drug, the condition may return if the medication is stopped.
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Note - I'm not certain whether this posted correctly the first time I listed it - Mods, if I'm in violation of a rule, I apologize in advance here as I thought I read the rules correctly. Twice.
Up for sale is a used Sig P239, .40S&W, DAO. It has factory night sights that still glow well. The finish is in overall great shape, with very little wear and only a couple marks on the front strap and near the hammer - I'd rate it at 90%+, just to be conservative.
Terms: I would prefer a local sale within Dupage County. Although an FFL transfer is not necessary in a FTF sale, I'm currently appealing an erroneous FOID card revocation. There are many great things about this state, but firearm ownership can be challenging at times. Although I anticipate having my FOID back within a couple months, I'm unable to do this sale without an FFL. The pistol is currently being held at my FFL of choice in Dupage, and any buyer would be able to see the actual firearm before money changes hands. I hope this provides some context as to why I'm insisting upon a transfer, and I've priced the pistol to reflect this.
I'm willing to ship, provided buyer picks up actual shipping fees and transfer cost. I'd imagine this would be between $30 and $40, but we'd have to check on a case by case basis.
Payment would be by cash, if in person, or by USPS money order if shipping.
First "I'll take it" gets it. The best way to reach me is through IM on this board, as the email attached to my Arfcom account is having issues.
Hi, I am very interested in your P239 that you have for sale. First, is it still available? I live in VA, but will be willing to pay the shipping costs.


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Q: Quotient cancellation for invertible ideals of orders in quadratic fields Let $K/\mathbb{Q}$ be an imaginary quadratic field, $m\ge 1$ be a positive integer and let $\mathcal{O}=\mathbb{Z}+m\mathcal{O}_K\subset \mathcal{O}_K$ be the unique order of index (equivalently, conductor) $m$. I want to know whether the "quotient cancellation property", by which I mean the existence of an isomorphism (as $\mathcal{O}$-modules)
$$\frac{\mathfrak{a}\mathfrak{b}}{\mathfrak{a}\mathfrak{c}}\simeq \frac{\mathfrak{b}}{\mathfrak{c}},$$
holds whenever  $\mathfrak{a}$, $\mathfrak{b}\supset \mathfrak{c}$ are invertible fractional $\mathcal{O}$-ideals.
I am able to show it when the quotient $\frac{\mathfrak{b}}{\mathfrak{c}}$ has order relatively prime to $m$. In this case, one may scale both $\mathfrak{b}$ and $\mathfrak{c}$ by some $\mu\in K^{\times}$ to get integral $\mathcal{O}$-ideals which are both relatively prime to the conductor $m$ of $\mathcal{O}$. Doing the same for $\mathfrak{a}$, we can thus assume $\mathfrak{a}$, $\mathfrak{b}$ and $\mathfrak{c}$ to be integral, prime-to-$m$, $\mathcal{O}$-ideals.
Notice that one has a multiplicative bijection between the monoid of integral, prime-to-$m$, $\mathcal{O}_K$-ideals and the monoid of integral, prime-to-$m$, $\mathcal{O}$-ideals (as shown in Cox's Primes of the form $x^2+ny^2$, Proposition 7.20 or K. Conrad's note The conductor ideal, Theorem 3.8) given by intersection with $\mathcal{O}$ on one side and by multiplication with $\mathcal{O}_K$ on the other side. Making use of this, and of the "quotient cancellation property" available in the maximal order $\mathcal{O}_K$ (see this topic Cancellation in quotient of fractional ideals for instance), one can get the job done.
However when $|\frac{\mathfrak{b}}{\mathfrak{c}}|$ is no longer prime to $m$, one cannot multiply $\mathfrak{b}$ and $\mathfrak{c}$ by the same scalar to get prime-to-$m$ integral $\mathcal{O}$-ideals and something else is needed to prove (or disprove) the quotient cancellation property.
A related question is the following: if $N$ is square-free with $(N,m)\neq 1$, can we find examples of such invertible fractional $\mathcal{O}$-ideals $\mathfrak{b}\supset \mathfrak{c}$ such that
$$\mathfrak{b}/\mathfrak{c}\simeq \mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z} \,\, ?$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Defra Update: African Swine Fever in Russia
Disease and welfare Notifiable diseases African swine fever
28 March 2011, at 9:21am
RUSSIA - Defra's International Disease Monitoring (IDM) monitors outbreaks of high impact diseases around the world. African Swine Fever (ASF) is among those diseases of major concern.
Disease Report
The Russian Authorities have informed the EU of a third outbreak of African Swine Fever in domestic swine in St Petersburg region following the outbreaks reported in January 2011 (European Commission, 2011; see map). Disease has been confirmed by laboratory tests in 8 out of 43 swine, which were found dead. Control measures have been put in place and all the pigs at the farm have been destroyed.
Situation Assessment
This report is the latest of three outbreaks from this area in the past three months. In February another "jump" occurred when an outbreak was reported in Nizhegorod region, close to a military base, thereby mimicking the circumstances of the outbreaks in St Petersburg. This again suggests that contaminated food or products are being moved with soldiers and military vehicles returning from the Trans Caucasus region and that swill feeding is occurring in pig farms.
The region of Nizhegorod is not a high producing region and the pigs involved were backyard therefore this will not be a high impact on the pig producing sector. It does continue to raise the issue about biosecurity and swill feeding in general and how great a risk this presents to the commercial sector as well as neighbouring countries, including Europe. On the latest report in St Petersburg, this is of greater concern as it may be an indication of established disease in the region, and given the proximity to a major sea port and the EU border.
A recent qualitative risk assessment by EFSA (Wieland and others, 2011) has highlighted that the risk of disease introduction into the EU is more likely to occur in the backyard or free range pig population, and less so in the high biosecurity commercial pig population. Wild boar also represent a risk, as disease is less easy to diagnose in these animals and the population is widespread. The report highlights that improving reporting and early detection of disease, dealing with international catering waste and implementing a swill feeding ban in free range and low biosecurity pig populations will be necessary to mitigate these risks.
We currently consider the likelihood of introduction by legal trade in susceptible livestock or products would be negligible as the EU (and UK) rules prohibit imports of such trade from Russia. The risk posed by illegal imports remains difficult to estimate and emphasises the importance of appropriate disposal of international catering waste and vigilance at international borders.
The European Commission has repeated their recommendations for Member States to be vigilant at the border inspection posts and ensure vehicles returning from the region are properly disinfected before re-entering the EU territory, according to legislative requirement. We would also like to highlight the need for biosecurity measures at pig farms, prompt reporting of suspected cases and the current prohibition of swill feeding in the UK (and the EU).
We will continue to monitor the situation.
European Commission (2011) Confirmed African Swine Fever (ASF) in Russia – St Petersburg region. Fax 21/03/2011; received 21/03/2011.
Wieland, B., Dhollander, S., Salman, M. & Koenen, F. (2011) Qualitative risk assessment in a data scarce environment: a model to assess the impact of control measures on spread of African Swine Fever. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 99: 4-14.
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November 12, 2019 November 12, 2019 Ryan Quaresma travel
A Brief History Lesson on the Azores: Portugal's Mid-Atlantic Archipelago
Did you know the father of American Literature, Mark Twain, visited the Azores on an expedition back in the year 1867? In chapter six of his widely acclaimed travelogue, The Innocents Abroad, he documented his experiences on the island of Faial. He wrote my favourite quote on anything I've read about the Azores. He writes at the end of the chapter,
The mountains on some of the islands are very high. We sailed along the shore of the island of Pico, under a stately green pyramid that rose up with one unbroken sweep from our very feet to an altitude of 7,613 feet, and thrust its summit above the white clouds like an island adrift in a fog!
From the descriptions he wrote about his brief visit in the Azores I got the sense that the Azores was a much different place than they are today. A century and a half of evolution changes all aspects of a place's society and economy. It got me thinking how much has changed in the Azores since the 1800's and then I thought about even further back to its origins.
So here we are: A brief history lesson on the Azores: Portugal's mid Atlantic Achepelago.
Geological Formation
The Azores platform is estimated to have formed 20-30 million years ago due to a volcanic hotspot. Beneath the Northern Atlantic Ocean sits the Azores Triple Junction, a point where the edges of three tectonic plates: North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, and African Plate intersect. Millions of years of volcanic eruption and solidification brought about the Azores archipelago which consists of nine islands spanning over 340 miles.
The geology of the Azores is volcanic in origin. The land is rugged and the soil is fertile. The formations you find on the islands consist of volcanos, calderas, fumaroles, thermal springs, caves, lakes and marine fossil deposits. Mount Pico, the stratovolcano that tourists climb every year, that "stately green pyramid" Mark Twain wrote about, is the highest point in Portugal and remains active to this day. The last major eruption took place in 1720.
Portolan Charts: Medici Atlas, Majorcan Maps
More than a century before Europeans officially discovered the Azores, ancient nautical maps identified them. Portolan charts were considered reliable and cartographically accurate. The first map to chart the Azores was made by an Italian cartographer (who remains unknown) called the Medici Atlas.
It charted the Azores on a north-to-south axis rather than aligned diagonally from northwest to southeast. Although the Islands weren't named individually, they were named by grouping. For example, one group consisting of three islands situated to the west of what would be modern day Terceira was called insule de Ventura Sive de Columbis (islands of venture/winds or the pigeons) which more than likely were São Jorge, Faial, and Pico.
The Azores also appear in two other medieval maps called Majorcan maps which date back to 1375-1385.
European Re-Discovery and Colonisation
These nine islands remained "undiscovered" until European explorers missioned by Diogo de Silves claimed it as territory of Portugal in 1427. Sheep and cattle were released into the islands of Santa Maria and São Miguel, the first two islands discovered in the Azores, before settlement began. São Miguel was officially colonised in the 1440's by settlers from mainland Portugal. With them, the settlers brought grain, grape vines, sugar-cane and domesticated animals such as chickens, rabbits, goats and pigs.
The Portuguese colonised along coastal inlets and the production of simple agricultural goods like wheat and sugar-cane became the main staples of the economy. The volcanic soil made agriculture sustainable and within a brief time period there was an export market which included plants used in the dye industry.
Ponta Delgada Railway,1861
The Azorean people faced hardship during the colonisation period. In one regard, awaiting shipments and supplies could take months and they didn't have a way to communicate to Mainland Portugal if something were to go wrong. Colonists had to solely rely on themselves to build homes and establish villages.
Whale Hunting
Museu dos Baleeiros, Lajes Do Pico
The Azorean people resorted to whale hunting somewhere in the late 18th century due to how versatile whale parts proved to be. A single blue whale, for example, could yield up to 120 barrels of oil! The meat was valuable because not only was it rich in protein, but it was also a high source of iron and zinc which protected the immune system. Whale bones were used to craft a wide variety of products like baskets, fishing rods, utensils, knives, handles, ect. Other uses included soaps, perfumes, lubrications, and candles.
The whaling industry proved to be a reliable stream of income and material goods that vastly improve the society's livelihood. It also became a great source of pride for Azorean heritage and whalers themselves were venerated. One of the most popular whale museums in the Azores, and arguably in the world, is located in Lajes Do Pico. The museum commemorates this tradition in an awesome fashion by not only archiving traditional equipment like boats, lances and cutting tools, but also by educating visitors on how the culture's overall perception on whaling has evolved over the years.
"Every street in Horta is handsomely paved with the heavy Russ blocks, and the surface is neat and true as a floor — not marred by holes like Broadway. And every road is fenced in by tall, solid lava walls, which will last a thousand years in this land where frost is unknown. They are very thick, and are often plastered and whitewashed and capped with projecting slabs of cut stone. Trees from gardens above hang their swaying tendrils down, and contrast their bright green with the whitewash or the black lava of the walls and make them beautiful. The trees and vines stretch across these narrow roadways sometimes and so shut out the sun that you seem to be riding through a tunnel."
Mark Twain, The Innocents Abroad
Thoughts on visiting the Azores?
Tell me yours.
Tagged Açores, azores, azores history, azores travel, portugal, Portuguese history, the innocents abroad, travel
5 steps to take to have your first conversation in a foreign language


When you talk about Tablafina, three things must immediately spring to mind: cured meats, preserves, and tapas. That's because these are the three items that form the basis of the culinary offering from NH Hotel Group that is being introduced in major European cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, Marseilles, and Milan.
Accordingly, Tablafina's menu is linked to nature and local products, benefiting from first-rate advisors such as David Robledo, named Best Sommelier at the 2014 National Gastronomy Awards, whose wine list at Santceloni restaurant has been recognized as one of the world's best by Wine Spectator in its Restaurant Awards.
The team also benefits from the discretion, cordiality, perfect command of service, and encyclopedic cheese knowledge of Abel Valverde, current maître d' at Santceloni and undeniably part of a select group of Spanish maître d's who are real masters of the gastronomic trade.
Looking at the two restaurants featuring the Tablafina concept in Spain, there's Tablafina Madrid NH Nacional, the pioneer in implementing this new concept, featuring an offering centered on cheeses, high-quality cured meats, and preserves, in addition to tapas based on classic Madrilenian dishes, such as patatas bravas (potato chunks in a spicy tomato sauce) or callos (tripe). All paired with the best wines, of course.
In the case of Barcelona, the offering at the NH Collection Gran Hotel Calderón is based on the concept of charcuterie, canned foods, tapas and wine, while also firmly focusing on traditional Catalan recipes such as stewed meat cannelloni, trinxat de la Cerdanya (mashed potatoes with cabbage and pork meat), and Catalan-style cod with menut del Vallès chickpeas. There are also options for those who prefer fish, such as rock fish stew with a Xarel·lo reduction and pinch of saffron, or roasted octopus with potatoes and spicy sauce with choricero pepper.
As you can see, it's a great concept offering dishes that are sure to impress. Why not give it a try?


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Hapka.info: Main page » Search » 10 Marla House In Lahore Defence
10 Marla House In Lahore Defence
Police, health authorities battle over 10-marla land
TOBA TEK SINGH: Police and health authorities have been wrangling over the ownership of 10 marlas located near the railway underpass in the Gobindpura locality...
The Health Department set up a maternity and child healthcare centre (MCHC) on the land in 2013 which is actually owned by the federal government which for several decades remained under the possession of CIA police staff
White House chief cites son's loss in emotive Trump defence
White House chief of staff John Kelly ? a former general whose son died in Afghanistan ? made an emotive defence of Donald Trump on Thursday, amid a scandal over the president's phone call with a military widow...
House pushes ahead with $611 billion defence policy bill
The Republican-led House is pushing ahead with a $611 billion defence policy bill that prohibits closing the prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, forbids the Pentagon from trimming the number of military bases and awards US troops their largest pay raise in six years...
The defence bill includes an agreement that prevents the Defence Department from forcing thousands of California National Guard troops to repay enlistment bonuses and...
10 killed in explosion in Lahore's Defence area
A powerful explosion in an under-construction building in Lahore's busy Defence Y Block Market left 10 people dead and more than 20 injured on Thursday...
Model Anam Tanoli found dead in Lahore's Defence area
A 26-year-old model, Anam Tanoli, was found dead in her home in Lahore's Defence area on Saturday, police said...
Her body was found hanging — in what was suspected to be a suicide by police — and shifted to Lahore General Hospital for post-mortem examination...
Rest house upgraded to circuit house
GUJRAT: The district council rest house has been upgraded to the level of a circuit house and additional bedrooms and other infrastructure will now be built there for temporary stay of government officers and other functionaries...
The rest house was established by the Gujrat district council around four decades ago and was under its control since then...
Avenfield House or 'tax haven' house?
LONDON: The family of former prime minister Nawaz Sharif is not the only resident of Avenfield House on London's Park Lane who bought their properties through offshore companies incorporated in tax havens...
According to the UK Land Registry record, the majority of flats in Avenfield House are owned by offshore companies incorporated in tax havens like Panama, the British Virgin Islands and Guernsey...
Six siblings die in Lahore house fire
LAHORE: Tragedy struck a family when a massive fire killed six siblings in Shadbagh area late on Saturday night...
The children, one and a half years old Azan, Azhan, 3, Aleeba, 5, Dua, 7, Zain, 11, and Manahil, 12, were asleep in two rooms in their three-storey house on Shershah Road when the fire broke out and engulfed a room on the ground floor...
Who owns Lahore's Bilawal House?
ISLAMABAD: The ownership of the palatial Bilawal House in Bahria Town, Lahore, has tax officials perplexed as there is no document available on the Federal Board of Revenue's (FBR) record to indicate who actually owns the property in question...
Read: Lahore Bilawal House to be PPP citadel Zardari offers support to Nawaz, taunts `bullet lovers`The company has made three payments to Bahria Town through cheques, amounting to Rs170...
Lahore's Bilawal House still owned by Bahria Town: spokesperson
ISLAMABAD: The property known as Bilawal House in Lahore is currently in the name of Bahria Town, a spokesperson for the housing society clarified on Sunday...
In a statement issued apropos a news item titled, 'Who owns Lahore's Bilawal House', published in this newspaper on May 10, the Bahria Town spokesperson stated: "Bahria Town has [until] now only received an amount of Rs170 million, against a total value of Rs0...
15 injured as house collapses in Lahore after explosion
At least 15 members of a family were injured when a two-storey house in Lahore collapsed as an explosive went off in the building on Wednesday, police said...
Eight hand grenades were recovered from the house...
Lahore blast facilitator's house razed in Bajaur; father, brothers arrested
The Frontier Constabulary and the Fata political administration razed the house of the suspected facilitator of the Lahore blast and arrested his father and two brothers from Bajaur on Monday...
SSP Operations Zahid Gondal of Punjab Police and DIG Traffic Lahore Capt (retd) Ahmad Mobin were among the 13 people killed in the attack, which also left at least 85 injured...
House collapse in Lahore leaves two children dead
A three-storey house in Lahore's Delhi Gate area collapsed on Saturday, resulting in two children's death...
PM Khan arrives in Lahore to lay foundation stone of shelter house
Prime Minister Imran Khan arrived in Lahore on Saturday to lay the foundation stone for a shelter project in the city...
Portfolio: Lahore Lahore hai
Depicting Lahore in images is an old practice and its early patterns could be found in the miniature paintings of the Mughal era...
Lahore, being the cultural hub, played a vital role in the arts, literature and culture in the mid-20th century; especially, visual art was inspired by the rich panoramic beauty of the walled city and life around its 13 gates, so an exclusive genre of cityscape came into existence, as early as the...
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Scavenger hunts give you a chance to have fun looking for unusual objects in your immediate area or neighborhood. No matter what job you have, you can have a scavenger hunt in your office, either putting people on teams or letting them work separately. Working in teams is good if you are doing a hunt that involves riddles because it is a team building activity.
For a fun, ongoing scavenger hunt that people can do all day, have an ABC scavenger hunt. If you work in an office this works well because you do not have to go outside the office to do it. Everyone simply finds things that start with the letters A through Z. For example, a person might find an apple, a box, a copy machine, and so on until a person reaches something that begins with Z.
Create a list of information about your employees like who has been there the longest, who is the youngest, and who was recently in the local newspaper. This helps everyone get to know each other a little better and highlights positive things about each person. Do this type of scavenger hunt at the beginning of the year or after a group of people have been hired to help coworkers learn about each other.
If you work somewhere that is in a neighborhood or a city, take a few hours and let people go in teams and find things on a scavenger hunt list. They must take pictures with each thing. Some examples are a dog, bus stop bench, thrift shop, and a fast food place. This is a fun way to break up the day and let people get to know each other a bit better.
Create riddles and split the group into teams so they can work together trying to figure out what each riddle means. Have each riddle lead to another one until all of the clues are solved. Have a prize at the end like a free lunch for the winning team, or a lunch for everyone, but dessert for the winners.


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Our research team is interested in the potential role(s) of olfactory receptors expressed in the brain and more particularly in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Indeed, to general surprise, olfactory receptors, long time confined to the organs of smell alone, have recently been discovered in many orther organs of the human body, especially in the brain. It is then conceivable that these brain olfactory receptors can play another role, still unknown. Our team belongs to the small number of research groups that have demonstrated brain expression of these olfactory receptors. By studying the brain of mice mimicking Alzheimer's disease, we have shown the presence of these receptors in several brain areas and their expression related to the stage of the disease (Gaudel et al, 2018). Understanding the role of these olfactory receptors in the brain could be of great therapeutic value. These cerebral olfactory receptors could be activated by other specific molecules of the brain or pathology. Indeed, neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a neuronal death chronically associated with an inflammatory state. Inflammation releases cytokines and interleukins that can interact with these receptors. They may be considered therapeutic targets that would treat and / or slow the progression of the disease.
To adress our problematic, we use various study techniques (cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, imaging). The proposed internship will aim to study the influence of olfactory receptors, on the APP metabolism and / or inflammatory processes.
Students who are motivated and interested in this research theme are encouraged to contact us to discuss in more detail the internship opportunities we offer.


Remarkably enough, though the quaint nostrums of the dot-com era are gone, Metcalfe's Law remains, adding a touch of scientific respectability to a new wave of investment that is being contemplated, the Bubble 2.0, which appears to be inspired by the success of Google. That's dangerous because, as we will demonstrate, the law is wrong. If there is to be a new, broadband-inspired period of telecommunications growth, it is essential that the mistakes of the 1990s not be reprised.
Metcalfe's Law says that the value of a communications network that supports pairwise communications grows roughly according to the square of the number of users, N^2. That is faster than Sarnoff's Law, which says that the value of a broadcast network grows roughly according to the number of users, N. And both are slower than Reed's law, which says that the value of a group-forming network grows roughly according to the number of users factorial, 2^N.
The same goes for Sarnoff's Law and Reed's Law: they're both vision things, not meant to be taken literally.
Social networking; hm, that's almost like group formation….
Later he notes that Metcalfe's Law recurses as network users join social networks, er, almost like N factorial, as in Reed's Law.
What does Metcalfe's Law have to do with net neutrality?
If a few telcos control content, you don't get new social networks (or other new applications), growth stagnates, and the value of the network stagnates: everybody loses. Open application competition over a neutral Internet has brought us the World Wide Web, electronic mail, mailing lists, blogs, webcams, anonymous FTP, P2P filesharing, USENET newsgroups, ssh, SSL-VPN, YouTube, google video, VoIP, social networks, and more all the time. Telcos brought us X.25, X.400, and ISDN. Well, and voice mail, 3-way calling, and call forwarding, I suppose.
A small oligarchy of U.S. telcos may think they win, but in the not so long term they lose, too. Japan and Korea already have ubiquitous broadband at speeds much faster than in the U.S., yet at reasonable prices. NTT is already selling 100Mbps FTTH outside Japan, including in the U.S. Gaming the U.S. political system to an oligarchy's advantage puts the U.S. farther behind in broadband and loses competitiveness for U.S. telcos.
PS: See also Om Malik's collection of links on this discussion.
This entry was posted in Internet risk management strategies and tagged Metcalfe's Law Reed's Law Sarnoff's Law Moore's Law Odlyzko net neutrality risk management on August 25, 2006 by John S. Quarterman.