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California Book Club
Penni Gladstone
The Safe Place That Became Unsafe
San Francisco's Cameron House began providing refuge in 1874, protecting those vulnerable to sexual abuse. That changed with the arrival of pastor Grandpa Dick in the 1940s.
By Julia Flynn Siler
In late March 2007, Satsuki Ina, a Bay Area therapist specializing in the treatment of community trauma, headed to Medford, Oregon, on a mission.
Her destination was the Rogue Valley Manor, a hilltop retirement community founded by three Protestant churches. Accompanied by a San Francisco church official named Craig N. Palmer, she arrived on a rain-swept Monday afternoon, a few weeks before Easter.
A long drive led up to a 10-story apartment building. They stepped into a light-filled reception area brimming with lilies—a traditional Christian symbol of purity. Ina was struck by the contrast between their dark undertaking and the ethereal setting. Turning to Palmer, she said, "This looks like we're in heaven."
At the reception desk, Ina and Palmer asked for a resident named Dick Wichman. The receptionist asked if they meant Franz. In a nod to his German heritage, Wichman had dropped the nickname Dick and let the Rogue Valley Manor staff know that he preferred to be called by his baptismal name.
Journalist Julia Flynn Siler discussed this story with Alta Asks Live and author Grace Hwang Lynch.
The receptionist asked them to wait, explaining that Wichman was "in the chapel right now" but would be there shortly. Eventually, an old man, bald, with bright blue eyes, and wearing a dark purple shirt, approached, smiling and using a walker. Wichman had been expecting them.
Riding an elevator up to his apartment, they were met with a spectacular view of the surrounding green landscape. The 94-year-old had lived alone there since the death of his wife four years earlier.
Wichman insisted that Ina and Palmer enjoy looking toward Roxy Ann Peak in the Western Cascades while he sat with his back turned to the picture window. On the walls and shelves were dozens of photos from his days as a pastor in which he appeared with his arms slung casually over the shoulders of Chinese boys.
The therapist has one word for the experience of at long last meeting and confronting the predatory former pastor, whom she and Palmer hoped would finally apologize to his victims.
The predator: F.S. Dick Wichman.
"They loved me, and I was doing my job."
The charismatic man who would later be known as Grandpa Dick first arrived in San Francisco's Chinatown around 1940. A few months before his ordination as a Presbyterian minister, he had written to a national church official to ask for a job and express his "keen interest in specialized work with boys and young people." Salaries, he noted, "do not enter into our thinking," referring to himself and his bride.
After a brief stint as a "boys worker" at a church for Mexican immigrants in Los Angeles, F.S. "Dick" Wichman returned to San Francisco in 1942 and began organizing programs for the Chinatown YMCA. Five years later, the hip pastor who wore jeans and a clerical collar was hired as the executive director of nearby Cameron House. Then in his mid-30s, Wichman rolled up his sleeves to renovate the old building and soon brought his programs and some of the YMCA boys over to his new job.
Cameron House had been founded as the Occidental Board Presbyterian Mission House in 1874 by a small group of churchwomen who decided there was a need for a safe house for trafficked Chinese girls. From its chaotic early days to a triumphant court case in the 1930s in which the leaders of a major human-trafficking ring were convicted, the home was a refuge. Up until the late 1930s, it employed a doorkeeper to make sure that men who might be traffickers or sex abusers stayed out. Over this long history, Cameron House was run by a staff of white and Asian women.
Siler was interviewed about her work on this article and more.
READ "Talking with Julia Flynn Siler"
The house at 920 Sacramento Street was an important institution in Chinatown in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th centuries, especially for vulnerable girls and women who had recently arrived from China. But after its long-serving superintendent Donaldina Cameron retired in the late 1930s, the church decided to turn the battered brick building into a language school. A decade later, leaders saw a need for summer programs for kids in Chinatown who otherwise would be roaming the neighborhood's alleys with nothing to do. They repurposed Cameron House into a community center focusing on youth, and they hired Wichman as its first male director.
Thousands of Chinatown's boys and girls went on to participate in its programs over the years. Many became leaders in their community. But Cameron House entered a grim chapter in its history after Wichman arrived in 1947. Under his leadership, it was transformed from what had been a refuge for girls and young women who'd been sexually abused into a place that was profoundly unsafe for boys and young men. By one count, there are 40 known victims of Wichman—all of whom he raped or molested when they were boys, and most of whom were Chinese American. Some estimate the actual number may be in the hundreds. The abuse took place over decades.
"For years, I didn't feel comfortable walking into Cameron House," says Noël Chun, a San Francisco–based artist and business owner who began participating in the youth programs as an 11-year-old in 1965 and became one of Wichman's many victims. "There was this unspoken tragedy that happened in the building.… One of the most tragic parts of the abuse is that in this sort of insulated community, with all these other adults around, it happened over such a long period of time."
Only now is Cameron House fully grappling with this horrific history, including its racial aspects. A short documentary released this year, Our Healing Journey, relates how both the institution and some of Wichman's individual victims have begun to heal. But the story is far darker and more complex than the title of the documentary suggests. Wichman's decades of unchecked abuse are a case study of a type of sexual predation in which perpetrators take advantage of cultural norms that keep their victims from speaking out. The story is also about the effects of white supremacy on a tightly knit Chinese community—and how that community finally overcame its long silence to acknowledge the truth.
The whistleblower: Elaine Chan-Scherer.
"OK, now this is personal—'cause that's one of my kids."
Stocky and barrel-chested, the Reverend F.S. Wichman led Cameron House as its executive director from 1947 to 1977, remaining connected to it for another decade after his official retirement. He seemed to tower over his young charges. He'd lean down to press his face against their cheeks in what he called "whisker rubs" and to wrap them in full-body bear hugs.
Also called Dad and Papa Dick by generations of families in San Francisco's Chinatown, Wichman was considered by many of his congregants to be a brilliant minister. He became the bridge between the Presbyterian Church's national organization and the Chinatown community. In addition to leading Cameron House, he was a co-pastor of the nearby Presbyterian Church in Chinatown, the first Asian American church in North America. He inspired many youth-program participants—two dozen or more—to become ordained by the church.
Church membership grew under Wichman's watch, and he led a rapid expansion of Cameron House's youth programs. The day camps alone enrolled more than 1,000 kids some summers. Under his leadership, Cameron House reoriented its focus from vulnerable girls to boys. Wichman handpicked mostly male leaders for key roles in running the youth programs. Reporting to two church organizations, the Presbyterian Church's National Board of Missions and the San Francisco Presbytery, a regional administrative group for churches in four Bay Area counties, Wichman gained renown for his work and traveled the country giving sermons. He was even awarded an honorary doctorate of divinity in 1964 by Westminster College in Salt Lake City.
The nearly four decades Wichman spent in Chinatown, first at the YMCA and then as Cameron House's executive director, were a pivotal time in what some historians would later call the American Century. He arrived at Cameron House just after World War II, when Chinatown had transformed itself into a glamorous nightlife destination with clubs such as Forbidden City, the Kubla Khan, and Shangri-La. The status of Chinese Americans had dramatically shifted after China had become an ally of the United States: the Chinese Exclusion Act, in its various forms, had been lifted in 1943, filling Chinatown with optimism. At the same time, a generational shift was underway in the 1940s, as second-generation Chinese Americans for the first time became the majority of the ethnic Chinese population in the United States.
Wichman encouraged self-exploration and social engagement among his young charges, focusing on leadership training as the country moved through the Cold War, the Kennedy years, and the Asian American rights movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s. As he wrote in 1962, he saw Cameron House's mission as "mediating the love of Christ to the destitute, the rejected, and the oppressed of its community and neighborhood" and making "the Gospel relevant to the disorders of the day."
A large number of San Francisco's future civic leaders came through the Cameron House youth programs in the 1960s, including the Reverend Norman Fong, who went on to head the powerful Chinatown Community Development Center, and the Reverend Harry Chuck, who led the fight for low-income housing in the neighborhood as Wichman's successor. The Reverend Calvin Chinn and Marion Kwan were two "Cameron House kids" who marched with the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. in Selma.
As the environmental movement grew in the 1960s and '70s, Wichman also showed thousands of kids from densely packed Chinatown the beauty of redwood groves and the Sierra Nevada, some for the first time. For decades, he owned a cabin in Marin County near Muir Woods and organized overnight and weeklong summer outings, the kind of trips that many families could not otherwise afford. Known as Dick's Cabin, the rustic structure was about a 15-minute hike from the entrance to Muir Woods. Sometimes the kids would go on hikes through the redwoods.
In 1977, Wichman retired with a full pension from the Presbyterian Church. He chose Chuck as his successor from among the many young men he'd mentored through the youth programs and inspired to join the ministry. After he retired, Wichman, as "pastor emeritus," continued to visit some of his favorite parishioners and "boys" at their homes and colleges. He also welcomed their visits to the Presbyterian retirement home in Los Gatos, where he and his wife, Lois, a fellow seminarian, had settled after moving out of the rooms they'd occupied at Cameron House.
One such visitor was a troubled 15-year-old named David Hall, the adopted son of church elder Sharlene Hall, who'd grown up at Cameron House and regarded Wichman as a surrogate father. Hall urged her son to visit the family's beloved pastor in Los Gatos in 1977, only to learn, a decade later, that during that visit, "Grandpa [Dick] had tried to get into his underpants." Hall, who has struggled with her guilt over that for decades, says, "It just blows my mind I was so naïve."
Among the first to speak up: Noël Chun.
"I looked to [Wichman] for my moral compass."
In 1987, a decade after his retirement, Wichman returned to San Francisco for a blowout party at a cavernous warehouse pier at the historic Fort Mason Center. Inside, volunteers tried to tie colorful helium balloons securely enough so they wouldn't float up to the 50-foot ceiling. The party, a celebration of his 75th birthday, was also the occasion for Cameron House's annual fundraiser. Planning it had taken a year, nearly a thousand people came, and sponsors included Pacific Bell, the U.S. Leasing Corp., the Chinese American Citizens Alliance, and the YMCA.
Wichman, bald and bespectacled, wore a flower lei around his neck as the guest of honor. One of the partygoers was Elaine Chan-Scherer, a 28-year-old former Cameron House staffer. She was seated toward the front as she listened to Wichman's remarks, in which he joked about what he called the "deserved whisker rubs" campers got for being late to a camp meal, described himself as "an opportunist for Christ," and admitted to such misbehavior as dumping kids in a pool and pushing them down mountain slopes.
"The perpetrator stands before you," he said.
It wasn't so much the retired pastor's attempts at humor that unsettled Chan-Scherer. Rather, it was the chill she felt after hearing one of the former youth program participants fondly recall skinny-dipping at night with him. Many summers, Wichman had organized excursions to a Presbyterian retreat called Westminster Woods, in Sonoma County. On those trips, Wichman and the boys would strip off their clothes and jump into the pool at night, a ritual that came to be called a "chocolate swim" because the naked swimming was followed by hot chocolate and cookies. This nighttime activity—which was mandatory—sometimes involved such games as keep-away, in which boys or the burly pastor himself would pounce on the person holding the ball.
And then there was the song performed for the party's guest of honor. Set to the tune of the 1970 hit "Mill Valley," the lyrics had been rewritten to jokingly refer to the many youth clubs Wichman had helped establish. The new lines also referenced the rashes the boys would get—nubs—because the pastor would rub his face on theirs.
And Dick likes all the crazy clubs, he lets them know with his whisker rubs
And that is why all the kids around, have the nubs
These often-told stories—Dick's whisker rubs, the nighttime swims, how Christianity offered these boys opportunities they would otherwise never have been given—would soon take on a new, sordid meaning for the community.
At the time of the party, a former participant in the Cameron House youth programs was rumored to be on his deathbed with AIDS. He died two days after the celebration. His mother had discovered love letters from Wichman to her son and had learned from those letters that her son had been afraid of the now-retired pastor. That alarmed Chan-Scherer, who knew the family of the participant. Chan-Scherer had become a social worker and was aware of California's Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act, passed in 1980, which required her to report instances of suspected child sex abuse.
Soon after the party, Chan-Scherer heard that Wichman had tried to French-kiss one of the kids she had worked with at Cameron House, while visiting him at his college campus. She'd heard rumors before, but nothing so specific. "I thought, OK, now this is personal—'cause that's one of my kids," recalls Chan-Scherer. "I knew that I had to say something."
She approached the pastor at the Presbyterian Church in Chinatown in December 1987, about two months after the party at Fort Mason. Acting as a whistleblower, she shared the stories she had heard. The San Francisco Presbytery began investigating. Nine men testified under oath to a church disciplinary committee that Wichman had sexually molested them when they were between the ages of 14 and 16. Those instances of abuse had happened over decades. The hearings were held behind closed doors.
One of the victims who testified before the committee was Noël Chun. He was also one of the first to go public with their story. Chun, like many of Wichman's victims, grew up in a fatherless household. He'd been raised by a single mother of three in the Tenderloin and first went to Cameron House as a middle schooler. He joined youth groups, played basketball, and eventually became a leader and one of Wichman's favorites—the powerful pastor offered him praise and love in a way that Chun now sees was a form of grooming. Wichman became a surrogate father to him, so when the married pastor invited him, at 16, to sleep in his private bedroom with him at the cabin, the teenager welcomed the attention.
Their sexual relationship, which included penetrative sex, continued from 1970 into the 1980s, after Wichman had retired and Chun had become a legal adult. The damage was lasting. By 1988, Chun's first marriage had collapsed because of his infidelity. "I looked to [Wichman] for my moral compass, and he just sort of warped that," he recalls. Chun's second marriage also failed, for similar reasons.
In late 1988, after the San Francisco Presbytery's closed-door investigation, Chun entered the Presbyterian Church in Chinatown for a congregational meeting to discuss what the disciplinary committee had discovered about the retired pastor. Then in his mid-30s, Chun sat toward the back of the packed sanctuary, which could hold hundreds of people for worship services. Well respected by the community, he'd served as a deacon and an elder in the church.
Some congregants refused to believe the anonymous stories the committee shared and were angry. Chun raised his hand and stood up. "I'm a victim," he told the gathering. His revelation was shocking. He's forgotten much of what happened next, but he left early. "That day changed my relationship to the church," he recalls, and over the next few months he realized that people he'd grown up with and worshipped with for many years thought he was lying. Not being believed was "devastating," he says, and he lost trust in the institutional church.
The allegations deeply divided Chinatown. Some in the community refused to believe that their beloved pastor could have sexually molested children and teens. Since the San Francisco Presbytery had chosen to seal the findings of its investigation, their names and stories were never publicly revealed. Some parishioners actively defended Wichman. "There was a great deal of denial," explains Reverend Chuck, who first met Wichman at the Chinatown YMCA in the early 1940s and was one of the boys who followed him to Cameron House. "He was like a father figure to a lot of us."
In "a statement of Charges and Specifications," the church's disciplinary committee planned to bring five specific charges against Wichman, including "adultery (for sexual activity with boys under the age of 18 while married), perjury (for continuing to deny inappropriate sexual activity) and inappropriate interference in the governance of Cameron House and the Presbyterian Church in Chinatown," which would have led to a formal church trial by the San Francisco Presbytery. However, Wichman denied everything and formally left the Presbyterian faith in November 1988—in a process called demitting—before proceedings could get underway. The committee had consulted the San Francisco district attorney's office about pressing criminal charges but had been told that the statute of limitations for sexual abuse cases had run out. (The lawyer from the D.A.'s office who met with church officials could not be reached for comment.) Meanwhile, more victims began stepping forward.
About three years after Wichman quit the faith, he and his wife left California and moved to the Rogue Valley Manor in Medford. Then, in 1996, California's Supreme Court retroactively extended the statute of limitations, which meant that Wichman's victims could file criminal charges against him in the state. Writing to friends to tell them of their move, the Wichmans lovingly described the property, with its Olympic-size swimming pool, bowling greens, computer room, and private walking trails. They wrote that they did miss their more "cosmopolitan" life in California and that "Oregon is white in more ways than their [sic] snow-capped mountains."
But overall, they described their new home as "heaven."
Change agents: Greg Chan and Doreen Der-McLeod.
"The place felt like the Bates Motel in Psycho."
A glaring racial issue cut through the scandal—a white clergyman had abused Chinese boys for decades without anyone doing anything about it. Wichman, who didn't speak Chinese, regularly betrayed a contempt for Chinese culture and language. "I remember he used to mispronounce Chinese just to make fun of our language," Reverend Chinn notes. "And we would let him get away with it; we didn't challenge him." Chinn, who was a pastor at the Presbyterian Church in Chinatown from 1990 until he retired in 2006 and who was also one of Wichman's victims, recalls that Wichman tried to "squelch people at Cameron House" who were involved in the Asian American civil rights movement of the 1960s and '70s.
During an era when Asian American students at San Francisco State University and elsewhere went on strike to demand ethnic studies programs, Wichman built many of Cameron House's programs around his own family's German traditions and songs. There was no celebration of Chinese New Year, even though the surrounding neighborhood resounded with the pop of fireworks and the drumming from parades featuring colorful lion dancers. Instead, the mostly Chinese kids at Cameron House would mark the pastor's birthday in October with a celebration dubbed National Chocolate Sunday that included performances of German folk songs like "Lina, My Lina, Her Second Name Is Biddle." "Chinese was inferior" to Wichman, Chinn recalls. "Anything associated with Chinese was not good enough."
Wichman worked with many second-generation and third-generation Chinese American kids who spoke English and were more assimilated into mainstream American culture than their parents. Many parents of children who attended the youth programs at Cameron House, as new immigrants from China, spoke little or no English. During Wichman's decades as co-pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Chinatown, he added an English-speaking-only congregation of youth—which worshipped in Cameron House's big hall as well as the nearby church. The effect was to shift power away from the Chinese-speaking church elders and toward the English-speaking pastor—and to further separate the English-speaking youth from their parents.
Language and cultural barriers also contributed to a sense of paralysis and powerlessness in the years following the San Francisco Presbytery's stymied efforts to seek justice. Chuck and local Presbyterian Church authorities mostly chose not to continue to pursue or publicly air concerns about Wichman, in part because the statute of limitations had run out, but also because Cameron House was undergoing an expensive earthquake retrofit and fundraising had become a priority. There was a fear that talking about Wichman's abuse would undermine support for the effort. Cameron House and the Presbytery failed to "actively encourage a full exploration of the truth," according to a 2003 report to Cameron House's board of directors. When the subject did come up during a Lenten discussion series in 1998, a longtime congregant verbally attacked Chinn as the pastor who had broached it.
There was institutional confusion as well: Wichman had reported—at least on paper—to both the national and the regional Presbyterian Church. With many changes in personnel and reporting relationships over the decades, there had been spotty oversight, giving him the "freedom to lead as he saw fit," says Palmer, who in June 2006 was brought in to serve as the head of the San Francisco Presbytery by the church's national organization.
Shame on the part of the victims also contributed to those years of silence. Some didn't think they'd be believed over the word of a powerful and popular pastor—a common occurrence in cases of clergy sex abuse. "Who's going to take the word of a dumb Chinaman, or a dumb Chinaman's parents, against him, the great white hope?" former Cameron House board chair Greg Chan says, referring to Wichman. "It's like white privilege exponentially on steroids. If you can go into a community and rape their little boys" without apparent consequences, says Chan, then "you think you can get away with it."
Survivor and leader: the Reverend Calvin Chinn.
"Anything associated with Chinese was not good enough."
Fourteen years passed. In late 2001, an unassuming Chinese American woman named Doreen Der-McLeod stepped in as Cameron House's new executive director. After a board meeting that year, Der-McLeod and then-chair Chan walked out to Cameron House's small parking lot, off Joice Alley. Chan, a onetime youth group participant who had been abused by Wichman, said, "Doreen, we've got to do something about this…" "The place," he says, "felt like the Bates Motel in Psycho."
There is no doubt that Cameron House, rebuilt after the 1906 earthquake with salvaged clinker bricks, has long had a deeply unsettled atmosphere, stretching back to the 19th century, when desperate girls would hide in its basement to elude their captors. To this day, some consider it a haunted house. As Chan explains, "we had not cleaned up the shrouded energy," in large part because of a feeling of shame. Together, Der-McLeod and Chan proposed establishing a Healing Task Force so the organization could fully confront the decades of abuse that had taken place under Wichman's leadership.
The Catholic clergy abuse scandal was in the headlines at the time, and Cameron House faced its own potentially devastating financial fallout: its directors feared that fundraising could dry up if the accusations against the organization became public, and there was the graver risk of civil lawsuits. Then, in July 2002, California's governor, Gray Davis, signed Senate Bill 1779, which opened a one-year window for lawsuits to be filed against employers and other responsible third parties in child sex abuse cases.
It was an existential threat to Cameron House. "We had to walk on eggs. We just hoped we wouldn't bring the institution down because we were trying to do right," Chan recalls, referring to its decision to publicly acknowledge the wrong done to Wichman's victims.
The Healing Task Force, which consisted of past and present church members and youth-program participants, met with survivors and secondary victims (such as spouses) for a year and a half. After its formation, more victims began coming forward, eventually bringing the total to 18. In November 2003, the task force delivered a 53-page report to Cameron House's board. The report included anonymous but detailed first-person accounts of the abuse by 12 of Wichman's primary and secondary victims. The task force told the board that it believed the allegations against Grandpa Dick.
The accounts revealed that Wichman had caused both physical and spiritual harm. As one survivor wrote, "Dick was a monster who lived among us disguised as a good, caring individual. Outfitted with religious collar and ecclesiastical vestments, wielding the symbols of authority, and with the cloak of moral superiority and righteousness, he was able to seduce, manipulate, and cajole an impressionable and trusting audience of adolescents."
As another put it, referring to Wichman's denial of the abuse, "I'm enormously disturbed by his lying. My disillusionment is monumental. Not because he was a pervert. But because of his lies. I couldn't stand being around ministers or churches for ten years because I was so unglued by what a bunch of weak, dishonest liars so many of them are. Thanks, Dick."
One of the young men who told their story to the task force was Clinton Huey, whose account was among the 12 printed anonymously in the report. Huey began participating in a Cameron House youth program as a high school junior in 1968. Coming from a difficult family situation, he was inspired by Wichman, who seemed to be the physically affectionate father figure he'd never had. After Huey chaired the annual Cameron House Carnival, Wichman invited him to spend the night at the Marin cabin alone with him and to share his bed.
Huey agreed, but when Wichman began touching him in a way that felt sexual, Huey asked him to stop, which he did. The next morning, the young man brought up what had happened the previous night, asking Wichman why he needed that kind of affection. Wichman answered: "I give so much of myself to the community. I need to get something back."
The response left Huey with a profound sense of betrayal. "He was a representation of God in my life," he explains. He wanted "something sexual back for giving to the community?" But Huey, who was 23 when this took place, decided, like so many others, to keep quiet about his experience, because he didn't want to stir things up or jeopardize all the good that he still felt Cameron House did for the community.
The Reverend Bradford Woo, who participated in the task force and was also a victim, explains that Huey's and many others' long silence reflected, in part, traditional Chinese cultural values: respect your elders, know your place, keep emotions and sexuality private. And it was those same values that gave Wichman, as an authority figure, an opportunity as a serial abuser. "These worked in his favor as he was grooming and scanning through these thousands of boys" who came through Cameron House, says Woo, who took part in the youth programs and later became a Cameron House staffer and an ordained minister. Parts of the Christian gospel also played into Wichman's hands as he encouraged the boys to leave behind their families and follow both Wichman and Jesus.
Against the backdrop of the sexual liberation movement of the 1960s and '70s, Wichman's physical affection toward his young charges appeared open-minded and "American" to some of the boys, in contrast to the behavior of their own parents, who seemed old-
fashioned and reserved. But Wichman, like many predators, paid special attention to fragile boys—those from broken families or who lived in situations where the father was absent in some way. There was a pattern to his predation: he would groom, or show favor to, youths who needed love and affection—and weren't protected by fathers.
One of those boys was Buddy Tate Choy, whose father had died when he was 7. At 13, he started receiving Wichman's attentions. After the first public stories of Wichman's abuse surfaced in late 1987 and early 1988, Choy started having nightmares. In a memory he recovered during that time, he recalled attending a large youth-congregation gathering or rally at Cameron House and being asked by Wichman to accompany him downstairs to a basement room known as the Log Cabin, whose wooden walls were hung with deer antlers. In the dark, Wichman said that "God would be closer to [Choy] if [he] did not have [his] clothes on."
Choy remembered Wichman's large hands on him and his sour, sweaty smell, like a locker room or spoiled milk. "I felt like I was going to vomit."
Wichman took the boy's penis in his hand. Choy could hear the gathering upstairs, as the kids sang hymns, and then Wichman praying. "Then I remember being back upstairs at the rally as if nothing had happened."
Wichman continued the abuse for four years, until Choy left for college. Both Choy and his wife, Jeanne Choy Tate, believe that the emotional damage the pastor caused has affected him and his family: Choy ended up a convicted felon for embezzling funds from a Chinatown community organization. His family became secondary victims. He attempted suicide and suffered from mood swings and bursts of rage. The family struggled financially for many years.
"It just took a great toll on us," Jeanne Choy Tate said.
Silence and shame: Jeanne Choy Tate and Buddy Tate Choy.
"I remember being back upstairs at the rally as if nothing had happened."
Cameron House's leaders came to believe that these painful truths must be acknowledged before healing could begin. As the Healing Task Force encouraged people to share their stories, survivors like Choy began finding the courage and support to speak openly about their experiences. Both Cameron House and the Presbyterian Church formally acknowledged the abuse and apologized for Wichman's "broken trust and abuse of authority" in 2004; the San Francisco Presbytery formally apologized a year later, in 2005.
No criminal or civil suits were ever filed against Wichman, Cameron House, or the local or national Presbyterian Church, despite the pastor's decades of abuse and the institutional failure to stop it. But some victims did want compensation. In 2004, the national church provided $247,500 in funds for therapy and retreats for victims and their families—a group of several dozen people at that point.
That sum was about a quarter of what some members of the task force had originally requested and far less than what might have been paid out if victims had brought civil suits against Cameron House or the national Presbyterian Church. Their acknowledgment of Wichman's abuse, however, stands in contrast to the Catholic Church's well-documented history of transferring priests to other parishes to dodge liability for sex abuse.
Therapy sessions played a key role in Cameron House's healing. Starting in about 2003, Satsuki Ina became the main therapist treating Wichman's victims. Paid from church funds until that money ran out, she continued to work with the survivors and their families for almost a decade. She came to know their stories intimately.
Noël Chun helped form the survivors group at Cameron House, which initially met at his home. He also underwent weekly two-hour individual therapy sessions with Ina for 10 years—in the beginning driving about 90 miles, from San Francisco to Sacramento, to meet with her. Having struggled with suicidal thoughts, he credits Ina with saving his life.
By 2007, both Ina and San Francisco Presbytery head Palmer realized that for healing to take place, they needed to confront Wichman with the stories of abuse in person, instead of only through emails and letters, which Wichman had stopped responding to. Survivors told the therapist that they wanted acknowledgment from Wichman of the harm he'd done to them. Palmer and Ina hoped that in a face-to-face meeting Wichman would take responsibility for his decades of abuse and apologize to the survivors.
The healer: Satsuki Ina.
"I was very aware of how powerfully seductive [Wichman] could be."
By the time Ina visited Oregon on March 26, 2007, the therapist had spent three years working with Wichman's victims. Palmer, meanwhile, had been appointed interim executive of the organizationally stressed San Francisco Presbytery nine months earlier. Assigned as a troubleshooter by the national organization, he was the first church representative to attend a survivors meeting and, now, to personally meet with Wichman. Both felt tense as they prepared to confront a man who'd caused so much pain.
Wichman greeted them graciously and was animated, despite his physical frailty. Once they reached his apartment, he led them to the picture window. "It's hard to decide whether to look east or west," he said, perhaps trying to charm them. But he then asserted, "I renounced and am no longer part of the church. I don't understand why you are here."
Palmer explained, "I was brought in to help the Presbytery move forward. The effect of your abuse on the entire Presbytery and its efforts towards healing…."
"You mean you think I caused the problems of the Presbytery?" Wichman asked, adding that although he'd been sent to see a psychiatrist after the church's 1987 investigation, the doctor had "said there was nothing wrong with me."
Wichman continued to maintain that he didn't know what he was accused of or who was saying such things about him.
The therapist listened to the exchange between the two men. "I was very aware of how powerfully seductive he could be," says Ina, recalling his apparent incredulity at being confronted with the accusations. She was also struck by how articulate Wichman was, displaying an ability to remember details from more than half a century earlier about Cameron House life, including facts about so many of the boys and their family situations.
Wichman was well prepared for their visit. His daughter, who lived in California, telephoned him during their meeting to check on how it was going. Ina sensed that Wichman's daughter had advised him beforehand not only about where to seat the guests but also about not admitting to any wrongdoing. Wichman's son, John F. Wichman, who is a Presbyterian minister in the Bay Area, declined to comment for this story. "I am uncomfortable about being interviewed about my father," he wrote in an email.
Ina shared with Wichman the stories she'd heard from the members of the Cameron House survivors group—about the skinny-dipping at night; his asking the boys at the cabin, "Who gets to share my bed?"; and the numerous instances of Wichman's full-body bear hug in which the boys could feel the pastor's erection beneath his trousers.
Wichman batted off the stories. He answered in a way that implicitly acknowledged their truth but downplayed their importance. He also reshaped them so that he would appear in a more flattering light. "Chinese people are so uptight," Ina recalls him telling them. "Their parents don't have an understanding of healthy sexuality.… I wanted these boys to experience freedom."
The former pastor repeatedly reframed the stories to minimize any wrongdoing on his part, Palmer recalls. A typical response was "No, it didn't happen like that. Yes, we went to the cabin, and we slept together, but I never penetrated anyone. That is something I would never do. I would rub up against him, and my penis would get hard, but there was never any penetration."
The therapist also shared one survivor's account of Wichman tapping him on the shoulder during a youth gathering as a signal to follow him into a private area. The boy then performed oral sex on the minister, after which Wichman asked him to kneel and pray. He then sent the boy back to the gathering.
Ina pointed out to him that the victim was a prepubescent boy just entering his teens at the time. Wichman's responses to her many examples were similar: "He's the one that wanted to be intimate," or "That one, you know, really had a strong attachment to me."
Wichman explained to his visitors that the boys wanted and needed his love and that he was helping them explore their identities.
After nearly two hours, as the view out the window darkened, Ina and Palmer realized that Wichman wouldn't apologize. He seemed to have convinced himself that he hadn't harmed anyone. "They loved me, and I was doing my job," Ina recalls him explaining. "I don't know why people would want to hurt me after all I've given to that community."
Palmer felt numb with disbelief at Wichman's words. He concluded the meeting, explaining that the church condemned Wichman's behavior and believed that he had molested the boys and caused great harm to them and their families.
Wichman continued to wear a "flat-looking smile," Ina recalls, and didn't outwardly react to this denunciation from the church he'd devoted his life to.
Instead, he asked them, "Would you like to stay for dinner?" It was nearly 6:30 p.m.
Reeling from Wichman's apparent disconnect from the stories they'd shared of his decades-long pattern of predatory pedophilia, they declined the invitation. They rode the elevator down to the ground floor, passed through the reception area filled with lilies and their sickly-sweet scent, and exited the building.
Palmer turned to Ina. It was early evening, and the dusky sky was threatening rain.
"Do you feel like we've been sitting with pure evil?" Palmer asked.
Ina looked at him. "You know, I'm a Buddhist. So I don't think about things like that," she said. "But if I were a Christian, I would totally agree with you."
Wichman died less than three months later, on June 19, 2007. He never expressed guilt or remorse for his actions—even shortly before his death, according to the Rogue Valley Manor chaplain at the time, who visited him the week before he died.
The victims of Wichman's abuse never received a full or formal apology from him. Jeanne Choy Tate, a longtime member of the Healing Task Force, continues to press the local and national Presbyterian Church for change based on input from survivors of clergy abuse. She has kept a tally of 40 known Wichman victims. The task force's 2019 report counted 18 known victims but acknowledged that the number was probably much higher—more than 40 and possibly as many as 100.
But while the unresolved history hung over Cameron House and the Presbyterian Church in Chinatown like a gloomy cloud for more than 30 years, it is finally starting to lift. Echoing its early history as a safe house, 920 Sacramento Street's healing process began with a group of women.
Chan-Scherer, among others, felt that Donaldina Cameron, who'd worked selflessly for decades to protect vulnerable girls and young women, would have been "rolling in her grave" if she had learned of Wichman's crimes. The pastor took the trust built over decades by Cameron and the other women who founded and ran the home, and he used it, in part, to brazenly abuse boys.
Other faith communities have recently turned to Cameron House for guidance on how to grapple with the aftermath of clergy sex abuse, including, according to Ina, a Catholic community ministering to Japanese Canadians. After a quarter century, and countless therapy sessions, community meetings, reports, the trip to Oregon to confront Wichman, an art installation, and a documentary film about the experience, the Cameron House community has brought this history to light and begun to recover from it. "We're not healed until we can talk about the good and the bad that Dick brought," task force participant Reverend Woo says.
Noël Chun, who was among the first to stand up and publicly reveal that he had been a victim, stayed away from Cameron House for many years. But now he, among others, has started to return. He has become a financial supporter again, in part because he believes in the work the organization does through its social services department. He has also reconnected with childhood friends.
He wrote two poems, now displayed in Cameron House's chapel, about the journey that he and other survivors have undertaken together. A passage from one of them reads:
We have traveled for many years,
The Truth now spoken.
And no longer living with fear…
Reporting and research assistance for this article was provided by Jessica Israel.
Julia Flynn Siler Julia Flynn Siler is a New York Times–bestselling author and journalist.
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Spill containment specialist, Empteezy, is launching an array of new products which are tailored to meet the requirements of working environments from industrial and commercial to military, marine and educational.
Among the new additions are galvanised steel pallets, secure economy walk-in stores and three sizes of secure storage boxes to the Chemstor® range.
The incorrect storage and/or poor management of liquids can have far reaching consequences for the environment, health, safety and a business' bottom line. As an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 accredited manufacturer of spill containment and spill response products, Empteezy is always innovating to enable its clients to be compliant and responsible.
Having always been able to demonstrate compliance with WRAS/KIWA requirements for water quality, the H2 Heat Interface Units offered by Stokvis Energy Systems have now been granted overarching certification through the regulatory scheme.
The consolidated approval was awarded following exhaustive tests at the Water Research Advisory Scheme's approved laboratories, so that the product portfolio now offers consultants and contractors involved with the creation of communal or district heating schemes the ultimate confidence.
The WRAS certification will remain valid for five years until December 2021 and covers the Stokvis Econoplate H2, H2-24/14, H2-24/24 and H2-24/40 Heat Interface Units.
Pyroguard has successfully achieved a significant increase in the test evidence and scope for Pyroguard Rapide fire safety glass into fire-door applications.
tremco illbruck (TI) has launched a new, totally integrated service for its UK and Ireland customers. Previously separate businesses in the TI portfolio, Nullifire intumescent coatings and Firetherm fire stopping products are now available in one single, efficient and effective solution.
The Firetherm base at Crayford, Kent is home to the centre of excellence for fire stopping products, while Nullifire's Coventry headquarters maintains its reputation for expertise in intumescent coatings. Customers, contractors and specifiers now have access to an unrivalled blend of experience and technical expertise through one phone number, 0203 9171776, which will lead them automatically to the right team for a fast track response.
A fully integrated underfloor heating package provided by Uponor, has enabled one of the UK's most prolific builders of schools, Sunesis, to offer pupils of Sacred Heart Primary School a warm and pleasant learning environment. A joint venture between Scape Group and Willmott Dixon, each Sunesis school provides a rapid build, standard specification utilising an established sole-provider supply chain.
Uponor's Tacker 16 underfloor heating system was installed using a heat pump as the main energy source. This configuration maximises the low heat outputs of the energy source while providing a cost-efficient and controllable approach to heating the building.
Uponor supplied and installed the insulation material, which was laid directly onto the finished slab.
TOA Corporation UK, the leading global manufacturer of cutting-edge commercial audio and security equipment, has announced a new addition to its continuing professional development (CPD) portfolio – the Voice Alarm Standards and Systems Design course.
Written by experts within the company, it is designed to give mechanical and electrical (M&E) consultants all the information they need on these important subjects by examining standards and regulations, as well as explaining the key considerations when it comes to designing a voice alarm system.
Building on the success of the company's existing training activities, the new course begins with an 'all you need to know' guide to BS 5839 and EN 54 compliance.
Thomas & Adamson, the international project management and cost consultancy firm, has appointed Ian Lloyd as Associate Director. Lloyd will lead the delivery of cost management services for many of their projects in London and the South East.Ian brings with him extensive experience in residential, retail, commercial, healthcare, hotels and leisure sectors.


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Twirling spears, swords and clubs at frightening speeds, the brightly clad fighters performing flying kicks could be mistaken for extras in a kung fu movie. They are not actors, however, but athletes hoping not just to win gold at the World Wushu Championships but also to elevate the Chinese martial art — made famous by Jet Li and Jackie Chan — from an ancient warrior code to a modern-day Olympic sport.
Wushu, a broad term for the martial arts disciplines from China, is often called kung fu and pits fighters against one another in hand-to-hand combat or intricate acrobatics focusing on flair and weapon work. It has transformed from a centuries-old, exclusively Chinese combat discipline into a global sport.


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Located in the north-east of Afghanistan, Kabul has existed for 3,500 years and has been the national capital since 1776. Its position in a valley between the Asmai and Sherdawaza mountain ranges, and its command of passes through the Hindu Kush mountains (notably the Khyber Pass), has ensured its strategic importance throughout the ages.
Kabul's long history has been punctuated by conflict. Used as a passageway by Alexander the Great during his Indian invasions of the fourth century BC, it had established itself as a regional seat of government by the eighth century AD. During the thirteenth century Genghis Khan wreaked devastation on the city and between 1504 and 1526 it served as capital of the Mogul Empire under Babur. It remained under Mogul influence until 1738 and Babur's garden and tomb can still be seen to the west of the city, at the foot of Sherdawaza.
During the nineteenth century, Kabul had a prominent role in the Anglo-Afghan Wars. In 1978, civil war overtook the city and a year later the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan with a massive airlift of troops. The Soviet withdrawal in 1989 was the cue for the outbreak of destructive guerrilla warfare between rival Afghan groups. The Taliban imposed its Islamic-fundamentalist rule in 1996 but by then much of the population had moved out and large swathes of the city, including the University and the Dar ol-Aman Palace which housed the parliament and government departments, had suffered serious damage.
Much of Kabul was damaged in the campaign to overthrow the Taliban which followed from the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks in the US and the Taliban's subsequent refusal to extradite chief suspect, Osama bin Laden. On 13 Nov. 2001 Kabul fell to the Afghan Northern Alliance, with the support of British and American troops. An Interim Administration took office in Kabul on 22 Dec. 2001 to oversee Afghanistan's transition to civilian government.
Industries within the city include food-processing, rayon and wool milling, furniture-making, metal founding and marblework.
There is an international airport (Khwaja Rawash Airport). Bombed during the US campaign, the airport reopened in Jan. 2002. There are road connections to the ports on the Oxus and Amu Darya rivers.
With the setting up of the new government, commerce is reviving and Afghanistan's displaced population is beginning to return to the capital.
Kabul University was once one of Asia's leading institution but it was damaged and lost many of its staff during the Taliban regime.


"You are dee best Jewvish family vee have here!" pronounces Pravahandra Ravichandricharn, RN. I can't believe it. We are a clan of frustrated doctors, professional worriers, medical name-droppers, late-comers, hypochondriacs, and not a few know-it-alls. And I am no exception.
1) My father's name is Mr. Censor. It's not Bernard; it's certainly not Bernie, and it most assuredly is not honey, sweetheart, or dear. He's got a good 40 to 60 years on you and a lot of wisdom and life experience (and millions of mitzvos and maasim tovim). So please, call him Mr. Censor. Thank you.
2) I know you work hard. I know you need a break from time to time from your grinding twelve-hour shift. Go right ahead and chat while writing notes about your patients. But if I come running out into the hall, flushed and shaking, calling "Estrella! Taqueenia! Victoria Mary!" in my most obsequious tone of screech, it means something is wrong and I need your help. I do not enjoy disturbing you. I know that you are busy. But please, if my loved one is gasping or struggling, or if I fear that a rather important tube is blocked up, come quickly.
3) Knowledge is power. Or, at least, it makes us relatives feel a little less powerless. When you, the nurse, give us, The Clueless, information about the patient's condition, the latest test results, or news of any medication change, we are so grateful. I can't tell you how grateful. But maybe a box of Zeishe's vanilla rugelach will help explain it.
4) I know that you, the capable nursing staff, have passed many really tough tests during your years of schooling, ending with the infamous N-CLEX exam. But I propose that a new type of test be administered: a hearing test.
But it is hard to believe that you can't hear the very loud, insistent beep of the ventilator indicating that there is some major problem with the flow of air to the patient's lungs.
Not only does no one seem to hear the beep, but, in addition, the nurse does not seem to hear me call her; not the first time, nor the second. The third time, a desperate kind of yodel seems to do the trick. Now, I know what you'll tell me — the patient can survive just fine for a stretch of time, even with this kind of issue. But the question is: Can I?
5) One might foolishly assume that a typical hospital offers a dim, muted environment where someone ill might have the chance to recuperate in peace. Wrong. Very wrong. Aside from the regular 3 a.m. wake-up call to administer sleeping meds, there are other factors that keep those who are sick from the serenity that they deserve.
Now, I will be the first to admit that sharing a joke and laughing with friends is beneficial. I'm all for a good guffaw. I would suggest, however, that the nursing staff be a little less boisterous. Especially in the ICU, where they seem especially jolly. Maybe it's the stress, or the sadness around them, but still, folks … you've got seriously ill patients there, often hanging on by a thread. Gray-faced relatives huddle together in halls, hugging one another, teary-eyed. But over at the nurse's station, you'd think it was a holiday. Loud, booming voices, uproarious laughter.… One day, I even overhead (it was hard not to) a staff member bellow out, "A dollar and a dream, baby!" as she took up a collection for lottery tickets.
And, of course, some of these same nurses will practically bite your head off if they spot you whispering quietly on your cell phone at the door of the patient's room. Your crime? Toe extension. Yes, the digit of your foot toe was sticking out into the hall. A full inch.
But don't let them catch you speaking further inside the room, either. Nooo … that may disturb the patient.


text:
Fight for finance reform next in the national spotlight
March 25, 2010	3:37 PM CST By John Wojcik
As they celebrate their success with health care reform labor and its allies are already focusing on strengthening the financial reform legislation just approved by the Senate Banking Committee.
Progressives are saying that many of the concerns they had when Sen. Christopher Dodd, D-Conn., first introduced the bill remain unfixed. The drive to improve the legislation is being led by Americans for Financial Reform, a coalition of more than 200 labor unions and allied groups.
"At the top of our list," said Heather Booth, the group's executive director, "is our concern about the independence of the Consumer Financial Protection Agency." The Dodd bill would allow decisions by that agency to be appealed to a council dominated by the banks and financial institutions that are the target of its regulations.
The coalition says that, in addition, derivatives and other elements of the shadow markets – including hedge funds and private equity – are not adequately regulated and that there should be stronger curbs on the so-called "too big to fail" banks.
The AFL-CIO, which is part of the coalition, has called for measures that include institution of the so-called "Volcker rule," which would restore rules that strictly separate the activities of commercial and regular banks and a financial transactions tax.
Democrats, meanwhile, are expressing confidence that the Banking Committee's financial reform package will pass in the Senate this year and are publicly, at least, urging Republicans to help shape it rather than trying to block it.
It is widely acknowledged, however, that President Obama has already told Democratic leaders to move ahead with or without Republican backers. The president is reported to have said at a strategy session this week that Democrats have the upper hand and should not give too much ground.
Indicative that it will be politically uncomfortable for the GOP to oppose finance reform are statements yesterday by two Republicans on the banking committee, Sens. Judd Gregg, R-N.H., and Bob CorkerR-Tenn., saying they expected the bill to pass this year despite concerns they have about some of its provisions.
Dodd directly challenged the Republicans yesterday to get on board with finance reform or face voter wrath. "My hope is that they'll want to talk about solutions," Dodd said. "Or they can just sit there and explain to people why they want to side with the largest financial institutions. So we'll see how they respond, and I hope they don't make the same mistake they made on healthcare."
In an unusual breaking of ranks among Republicans Sen. Corker said "now that Democrats are on a roll" there was a missed opportunity for a bipartisan deal. Corker took a rare public swipe at a fellow-Republican, Sen. Richard Shelby, Ala., the ranking GOP'er on the banking committee. "It would have been better, in fairness, had Sen. Shelby been negotiating a bipartisan bill last September, October, November. Instead," Corker said, "Republicans now confront Democratic officials who are emboldened, the testosterone and other juices are flowing after the enactment of the health-care bill."
Big business groups, meanwhile, are coming under attack for their efforts to sabotage finance reform.
The Treasury Department directly criticized the Chamber of Commerce for its campaign against the creation of a Consumer Finance Protection Agency. In a speech at the Chamber of Commerce, Deputy Treasury Secretary Neal Wolin blasted the Chamber's $3 million ad campaign against financial regulation legislation, charging that its efforts were aimed at "killing any new regulation."
Photo: Senate Banking Committee Chairman Sen. Christopher Dodd, D-Conn., right, accompanied by House Financial Services Committee Chairman Rep. Barney Frank, D-Mass., talks to reporters outside the White House March 24, 2010, after meeting with President Obama to discuss financial reform. Charles Dharapak/AP
Fearing turmoil, Wall Street ups pressure on Trump to quit
Trump Treasury tells banks they can seize your $1,200 check
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Cruise NewsPrincess Cruises News
Princess Cruise Ship Itinerary Changed Again, Ports Canceled
More itinerary changes have been made to the first sailing of Crown Princess, with other itineraries adjusted in May and June. But why?
Photo Credit: Drew Rawcliffe / Shutterstock
Crown Princess, which has only resumed service this week with her first cruise in more than two years, is experiencing ongoing engine issues that have required more itinerary changes and even port cancelations.
This is in addition to changes that were announced a week before the sailing due to scheduled maintenance on one of the ship's diesel generators.
More Changes for Crown Princess
In an email sent the day before embarkation, guests were notified of the necessary itinerary changes, which included canceling the scheduled calls in Juneau and Icy Strait Point, rearranging the order of remaining port visits, and adjusting times in port.
The email said, "Crown Princess is currently experiencing a technical issue with one of her diesel generators. This is in addition to the diesel generator that is currently out of service for scheduled maintenance. While this in no way affects the safety of our guests or crew, which is our highest priority, it does restrict our ability to operate at full speed."
The email explains that the issue is being worked on, but that the reduced cruising speed necessitates some additional itinerary changes.
Photo Credit: Joni Hanebutt / Shutterstock.com
On April 28, guests had already been informed of the scheduled maintenance and advised that the call on Ketchikan needed to be canceled, but a visit to Icy Strait Point was added to the itinerary. The call to Juneau was to be shortened by several hours, while the call on Skagway was to begin one hour earlier than originally planned.
Now, with a second diesel generator requiring repairs, the itinerary has been adjusted even further. Both the calls on Juneau and the new visit to Icy Strait Point are canceled, Ketchikan was added back into the itinerary, and the visit times in both Skagway and Victoria have been shortened.
In Skagway, the ship was supposed to be docked from 7 a.m. to 8:30 p.m., but will now be visiting from 12-10 p.m., 3.5 hours less than the earlier revised itinerary. The call to Victoria, British Columbia was originally scheduled for 7 p.m. to midnight, but will now be from 8 p.m. to midnight.
No changes have been made to the ship's return to Seattle.
Crown Princess set sail on this newly revised itinerary on Saturday, May 7, spent Sunday at sea, and called on Ketchikan from 8 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. on Monday. The remainder of the itinerary is now:
Tuesday (5/10) – Skagway – 12-10 p.m.
Wednesday (5/11) – Glacier Bay National Park Scenic Cruising
Thursday (5/12) – At Sea
Friday (5/13) – Victoria – 8 p.m. to midnight
Saturday (5/14) – Seattle – Arrival at 7 a.m.
Shore tours booked through Princess Cruises will automatically be rescheduled or refunded as necessary to accommodate the new port visits and times.
Compensation Offered
When the original itinerary changes were announced on April 28, guests were given a $100 per person onboard credit. Now, because of these further changes and port cancelations, all guests are also receiving a 20% Future Cruise Credit (FCC) based on the fare paid for this sailing.
Photo Credit: StephanKogelman / Shutterstock
This FCC can be used on any future Princess cruise, booked by December 1, 2022 and setting sail by December 1, 2023. The email does acknowledge that the compensation does not completely mitigate these last-minute changes.
"Although not a replacement for the missed ports, it is our sincere hope that the Future Cruise Credit will help you to create new cruise memories with us in the near future," the email reads.
Future Itineraries Also Changing
While Princess Cruises has not made official announcements for further Crown Princess alterations, guests booked on upcoming sailings are also reporting similar itinerary changes later in May and into June.
Sailings in August do not appear to be affected, other than the possibility of a slightly earlier departure from Seattle.
Photo Credit: meunierd / Shutterstock
Guests are understandably upset at these last-minute changes. While it is common for a cruise ship to have to change a port of call or adjust a visit due to weather, dock availability, or other issues, such extensive changes due to maintenance issues can be frustrating.
Because Crown Princess has only just re-entered service after her more than two-year pause, guests are questioning why such maintenance was not carried out while the ship was not in use.
Maintenance schedules, however, are often devised with the assumption that a ship will be continually sailing between repair cycles, and it is possible that unanticipated difficulties have arisen because of the ship's long period out of service.
Guests booked on any cruise line should remain in close contact with their travel advisor or the cruise line in case of changes. At this time, it is essential to remain flexible about travel expectations as the cruise industry continues to adapt to returning to service.


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The Maynooth Catechism was a modified version of a Catechism drawn up in 1775 by Dr James Butler, Archbishop of Cashel. It was  "ordered by the National Synod of Maynooth. . . . for General Use throughout the Irish Church" in 1882.  A new revision was undertaken by a committee of priests, in 1892, under the direction of William Walsh, Archbishop of Dublin, but the revised catechism was never published. In the 20th century in Irish schools it was known as the "Green Catechism" from the colour of its cover. The James Joyce short story "A Painful Case" references this catechism.

Content
After a short Introduction on God and the creation of the world and on man and the end of his creation, it treats in turn of the Creed, the Commandments, Prayer, and the Sacraments. The answers are short and clear, and, though Yes and No are excluded, the form of the answers is not always a rigid repetition of the words of the question.

References

Catechisms of the Catholic Church
1775 documents

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Telephone and Data Services has serviced the Nashville, Middle Tennessee and Southern Kentucky areas for over 27 years.
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Whether you need an Integrated Business Telephone System, Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), we have the expertise and experience necessary for your company's needs.


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Youngman (officially China Youngman Automobile Group Co., Ltd.) () was a Chinese manufacturer of buses and trucks located in Jinhua, Zhejiang province. The company was founded in 2001 by Pang Qingnian and also used to manufacture automobiles. However, its passenger car business appears to have ceased operation by mid-2015.

Name
"Youngman" is an English literalization of the name of the company's founder, Pang Qingnian.

History

Youngman was founded in 2001 by Pang Qingnian. In the early-2000s the company formed joint ventures with two German companies -  a bus manufacturing venture with Neoplan (at the time known as Gottlob Auwärter GmbH & Co. KG) and a truck manufacturing venture with MAN. After an increase of orders, the manufacturer has built plants in the cities of Jinan, Tai'an, Lianyungang, Quzhou and some other places to meet the high number of orders.

In September 2006 Youngman established a joint venture with the Iranian state-owned carmaker Iran Khodro for the manufacture of Iran Khodro's Samand and Soren models at Youngman's Tai'an plant, with parts supplied by PSA Peugeot Citroën.

Proton
In November 2006, Youngman became the official Chinese importer for the British sports car maker Lotus Cars. In another joint-venture with the Lotus Group which was closed in December 2008, Youngman assembled Lotus and Europestar branded cars in Guangdong for the Domestic Chinese and export market. The units receive a Chinese independent brand to differentiate itself from the British sports car models. With the Lotus joint venture, Youngman is engaged in secondary activities as the exclusive importer of American automotive brand ZAP. Both brands had its China debut at the Beijing International Auto Show in 2009. In 2007, Youngman acquired the American electric car maker Detroit Electric (company), with the intention of manufacturing vehicles for the North American market.

In May 2008 it was reported that Youngman had signed two major agreements with the Malaysian carmaker Proton. The first was for the import of 30,000 Proton Gen-2 models from Malaysia to China over two years, to be sold under the Europestar marque as the RCR. The second was a licensing deal for Proton's Lotus-designed Campro engine, whereby Proton would sell 150,000 complete knock down units to Youngman over the subsequent six years.

In June 2010 Youngman had announced that it would be making an investment of CNY 4 billion in the construction of new manufacturing facilities in Haining, Zhejiang Province, for the production of passenger cars, alternative energy powertrain systems, vehicle bridges, transmissions and inner and exterior auto components. It is unclear what has happened to this manufacturing site since Youngman exited the passenger automobile business.

The Proton-Youngman joint venture contract expired in 2012, but Youngman continued to unofficially produce Proton's products up until early 2015. Between mid-2009 and February 2015, Youngman Lotus had reported total production figures of 196,234 rebadged CKD GEN-2 and Persona units, of which 189,872 were reportedly sold. However, by mid-2015, the China Passenger Car Association (CPCA) stopped reporting Youngman Lotus sales numbers because they were "way off" from registration numbers. Youngman Lotus had ceased production and sales altogether by mid-2015. In February 2015, Proton announced that they would revive their joint venture with Fujian-based Goldstar, and would not renew their contract with Youngman.

Saab
On 28 October 2011 it was reported that Youngman and the Chinese automotive retailer Pang Da Automobile Trade Co had agreed a joint 100-million euro (US$140 million) takeover of the Swedish carmaker Saab Automobile and its United Kingdom dealer network unit from Swedish Automobile, with Youngman and Pang Da taking 60 and 40 percent stakes respectively.

Both Chinese companies pledged to invest 610 million euros ($844 million), prompting a court to extend the manufacturer's protection against creditors.

In December 2011 General Motors (GM) blocked the Chinese buy out, since GM has technology licenses in SAAB.

Saab's restructuring process was granted, and the plan was that in 2014 the company would have had a positive equity. The restructuring process would have removed 500 employees from Saab, saving about €100,000.00, according to the restructuring plan. General Motors rejected the deal with Youngman and Pang Da on 7 November 2011, although unsuccessful discussion to convince GM continued for a month. On 19 December 2011, chairman Victor Muller was forced to file Saab Automobile for bankruptcy following the failed buyout by a Chinese consortium, which was blocked by former parent GM to prevent technology transfer.

On 6 March 2012 an Indian news paper reported that at least two companies have placed bids for complete SAAB Automobile buy out. These are India's Mahindra and Mahindra and China's Youngman. It is reported that these bids are in the range $300 million to $400 million.

On 13 June 2012 it was announced that the National Electric Vehicle Sweden had bought Saab Automobile's bankruptcy estate.

Spyker joint ventures
In August 2012, Youngman agreed to acquire 29.9% of the Dutch luxury sportscar maker Spyker N.V. for €6.7 million, and the companies agreed to form two new joint ventures. The Spyker P2P joint venture will focus on the development of a new luxury sports utility vehicle, with ownership split 75:25 between Youngman and Spyker respectively. The Spyker Phoenix joint venture will focus on the development of a range of premium cars based on Saab's Phoenix platform, with ownership split 80:20 between Youngman and Spyker respectively.

Products

Passenger cars
Youngman sold passenger cars in China under the Youngman-Lotus marque. Products included the L3 and L5 models, and are engineered with the assistance of the United Kingdom-based Lotus Engineering.

Products are listed as below:

Youngman Lotus L3 Hatch
Youngman Lotus L3 GT Hatch
Youngman Lotus L3 Sedan
Youngman Lotus L5 Sportback
Youngman Lotus L5 Sedan
Youngman Lotus T5

Coaches and trucks
Youngman produced coaches and trucks in collaboration with the German MAN Truck & Bus. Coaches are sold under the Youngman and Neoplan marques. Trucks are sold under the Youngman and MAN marques.

 JNP6120GR, JNP6120BEV1 and JNP6105GR - single deck buses based on Neoplan Centroliner platform
 JNP6120BEV1 - trolley buses based on Neoplan Centroliner
 JNP6250G - multi-articulate bus based on Neoplan Twinliner
 JNP6180GM - single articulate bus based on Neoplan Twinliner
 JNP6137S - double decker bus based on Neoplan Skyliner

Explanatory notes

References

External links
Official website

Companies based in Jinhua
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2001
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2019
Chinese brands
Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers


Did you want to try paddling but unsure where to begin?
Kai 'Opua Canoe Club offers recreational paddling each weekday and Saturday mornings (click here for our current times & schedule) at the Kamakahonu Beach next to the King Kamehameha Kona Beach Hotel. If you are someone new to the area and want to try our club, or a novice who has never held a paddle before, come down and experience true Hawaiian culture and history first hand in a friendly, relaxed enviroment. We offer these sessions as a way to stay in shape, meet new friends and fine-tune our paddling skills.
All we require is that you complete and sign the waiver below to begin. Bring the waiver with you to your first session and give our club a try for free for up to 4 times. And don't forget to bring a few dollars for the morning coffee & conversation afterward!
There is no better way to start your day than a paddle on the ocean under the majesty of a Hualalai sunrise. So what are you waiting for, come give paddling a try!
*Please note - while we make every effort to fit all newcomers and guests on the canoes, paying members do have precedence during the few times when there is limited space available. Mahalo for your understanding.
*Note, please read the waiver in its entirety and complete the form on the bottom of the page and sign. We require one waiver per person.
Click on the link above to see the location of the parking area between Kuakini Highway & Likana Lane.


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The Effort To Put "Right To Work" Issues On Ohio Ballot
L-R Representatives John Becker and Craig Riedel
Representative Brigid Kelly
Shane Walker
Two of the more conservative Republican lawmakers at the Statehouse want to put six different issues before voters that would make Ohio a so-called "right to work" state and eliminate prevailing wage.
Representatives John Becker and Craig Riedel say their bill would allow voters to decide whether Ohio should be a Right to Work state for public and private sector employees and would put limitations on unions for collecting dues and spending money on political ads. Riedel says Ohioans should decide this issue, once and for all.
"We want to bring this to the ballot in November of 2020 and allow the citizens of Ohio to vote on this."
But Democratic Representative Brigid Kelly says Ohioans spoke loud and clear when voters overwhelmingly rejected Senate Bill 5 years ago. She says these issues are more of the same.
"It would make Ohio more poor, less safe and it would make our communities less strong and I don't think that's good for anyone in our state."
Lawmakers could put the issues on the ballot by passing them through the legislature but there's no indication yet whether there will be enough support for them to make that happen.
Government/Politics Right to Work132nd Ohio General AssemblyJohn BeckerBrigid KellyCraig Riedel
Bill To Make Ohio A Right To Work State Gets Hearing At Ohio Statehouse
A bill has been introduced in the Ohio legislature that would, if passed, make Ohio a so-called "right to work" state for private businesses.The crowd…
Another Labor Fight Ahead At The Ohio Statehouse?
Once again, a bill that would allow Ohioans to opt out of union representation for public sector jobs has been introduced at the Ohio Statehouse.…
"Right To Work" Law Proposed Again, But Faces Uncertain Future In Spite of GOP Dominance
In each of the last two legislative sessions, at least one Republican lawmaker has introduced a bill that would change the rules for union dues and…


I've been trying to get someone, anyone to laugh at that headline (if you don't get the reference, you clearly weren't alive in the 1970s … though I wasn't either … moving on …), and man, today was the day to use it. With one sweeping, gorgeous swing, Aaron Altherr handed in his first big career moment, a go-ahead grand slam off Clayton Kershaw to completely turn Monday's game around for the Phillies. They held that lead and won 4-3. It was glorious. Absolutely glorious.
That grand slam doesn't happen without, you know, guys getting on base ahead of him. And in that inning the Phils finally put a rally together off the best pitcher in baseball since Roy Halladay left us. It started with a pinch-hit walk by Mr. Shows Up In Big Moments Ty Kelly, then continued with a Freddy Galvis single. Then, finally breaking out of his recent slump, Rhys Hoskins drew a big walk. That set the stage.
Hoskins also singled off Kershaw. The amazing thing is the Phils had six baserunners the entire game; four of them scored on one play. That's called maximizing your opportunities.
For his part Nick Pivetta pitched well, striking out eight in six innings of two-run ball. Good job, Nick.
Before Altherr got his curtain call Monday night, Chase Utley received another standing ovation in coming back to Philly. The possible future hall of famer went 0-for-2 with two strikeouts in this one, but after the game acknowledged his return. "It's still a little awkward," he told Jim Salisbury about being back in Philly, but in the opposing clubhouse.
Ryan Lawrence of the Philly Voice recently wrote about the possibility that Cesar Hernandez is traded during the offseason. It's certainly out there, considering the Phillies have a working logjam in the infield with him, Galvis, J.P. Crawford, Maikel Franco and the soon-to-arrive Scott Kingery.
But Hernandez has been really good for two years now. His defense is average at worst at second (though he can't really play any other position), but offensively he's been quite stout with an on-base percentage near .370 since the start of last year.
That said, where does he fit? It's a good question, and now that Crawford is showing defensive prowess at basically anywhere you put him, it makes that question even more vital.


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High Spots Of The Week – May 4-10
Tully – The combo of writer Diablo Cody and director Jason Reitman has always been a winning one for me ever since I got my advance look at Juno in 2007. On her own, Cody struck out a bit with Jennifer's Body but the two reunited for Young Adult with Charlize Theron and knocked another one out of the park. Well, they did it again with Tully, a film that feels so embedded in the plight of exhausted and overworked parents that I found myself nodding constantly at the screen and chuckling with every moment that I or my hardworking wife could relate to. Theron digs into reality again, coming up with another viscerally real performance as Marlo, a mother of three who has lost all of her identity in the process of raising her kids. The hiring of Tully, an untethered night nanny with the life philosophies to pull her out of her funk just adds another loveable character into this already wholly endearing film. It also doesn't hurt that she's played by Vancouver's own Mackenzie Davis. Don't miss this one!
Redbelt – There's something to be said about David Mamet film and, really, it's the dialogue that gives them their must-see appeal. Glengarry Glen Ross has blistering words flying a mile a minute out of a brilliant cast and the criminally underrated The Salton Sea had a noseless villain in the form of Vincent D'onofrio's Pooh Bear lamenting putting his enemy's brains in his breakfast scramble. Another under the radar film was this MMA centric drama starring Chiwetel Ejiofor following a teacher and former fighter who gets a lucrative opportunity out of a bit of unfortunate happenstance. As it turns out, Mamet had been training in Brazilian Ju-Jitsu for six years before writing this film and the authenticity is palpable. Ejiofor executes everything with effortless ease, matching his usual dramatic flourish that he always gives on screen. Celebrating its tenth anniversary this week, it's a great time to discover this one for the first time.
Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story – Years before he was Vin Diesel's boy, making The Fast And The Furious and XXX, Rob Cohen was known to me as the guy who brought the life of Bruce Lee to the big screen in Dragon, a film I watched a hell of a lot as a young teen. Jason Scott Lee (no relation) plays the title role impeccably but it's interesting to note that he had no previous martial arts training or experience, although he was a skilled dancer which is what earned him the role. Turning twenty five this week, the film was released twenty years after Bruce Lee's death and still finds a warm spot in my action-loving heart as I will still watch it every time I see it on television, especially if it's the scene where Bruce confronts his "demon" on the set of Enter The Dragon. It's still so bad ass. Also, if you're looking for films to snug up next to this one, the Ip Man series is the story of the man behind training Bruce Lee and, coincidentally, it stars the man who was turned down for the lead in Dragon, Donnie Yen.
Categories: High Spots•
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Q: How to aggregate multiple rows from subquery? I want to get array of chd_id's for each prod_id,
query below works but only with limit 1 i want exact result but with multiple rows
select
    prod_id,
    array_agg((select * from jsonb_array_elements(products.prod_prop) limit 1)->>'chd_id')
from products
group by prod_id
limit 10

current result:

Raw value of products.prod_prop is
[{"val": ["xxx"], "chd_id": 25812}, {"val": ["yyy"], "chd_id": 2342}]

Without limit 1 i get ERROR: more than one row returned by a subquery used as an expression

A: I think you need to do this with a lateral join:
select prod_id,
       array_agg(t.chd_id)
from products p
  left join lateral (
    select e ->> 'chd_id' as chd_id
    from jsonb_array_elements(p.prod_prop) as t(e)
  ) t on true
group by prod_id
limit 10;

The outer join is needed in case there are empty prod_prop values
Apparently the data in the JSONB is sometimes an array and sometimes a plain object. If all "plain objects" are indeed empty values, you can work around that using:
select prod_id,
       array_agg(t.chd_id) filter (where t.chd_id is not null)
from products p
  left join lateral (
    select e ->> 'chd_id' as chd_id
    from jsonb_array_elements(nullif(p.prod_prop,'{}')) as t(e)
  ) t on true
group by prod_id
limit 10;

If you do indeed mix plain objects and arrays in that column, you need a different approach:
select prod_id,
       array_agg(t.chd_id) filter (where t.chd_id is not null)
from products p
  left join lateral (
    select e ->> 'chd_id' as chd_id
    from jsonb_array_elements(case jsonb_typeof(p.prod_prop)
                                when 'array' then p.prod_prop
                                else '[]'
                              end) as t(e)
  ) t on true
group by prod_id
limit 10;

Online example

A: You can use a CROSS JOIN among the table and the subquery generated through use of jsonb_array_elements() function :
SELECT p.prod_id, array_agg(j.e->>'chd_id') AS chd_id
  FROM products p
 CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(prod_prop) j(e)
 GROUP BY prod_id

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Prionopelta amieti es una especie de hormiga del género Prionopelta, familia Formicidae. Fue descrita científicamente por Terron en 1974.

Se distribuye por Camerún, Costa de Marfil y Uganda. Se ha encontrado a elevaciones de hasta 680 metros. Vive en microhábitats como la hojarasca y la madera podrida.

Referencias

amieti
Especies descritas en 1974
Insectos de África


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