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UHT Processing Market Research Report - Global Forecast to 2025 - Cumulative Impact of COVID-19
ReportLinker
UHT Processing Market Research Report - Global Forecast to 2025 - Cumulative Impact of COVID-19 The Global UHT Processing Market is expected to grow from USD 3,285. 19 Million in 2019 to USD 6,185.
New York, Dec. 03, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "UHT Processing Market Research Report - Global Forecast to 2025 - Cumulative Impact of COVID-19" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p05993381/?utm_source=GNW
73 Million by the end of 2025 at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 11.12%.
Market Segmentation & Coverage:
This research report categorizes the UHT Processing to forecast the revenues and analyze the trends in each of the following sub-markets:
Based on Geography, the UHT Processing Market studied across Americas, Asia-Pacific, and Europe, Middle East & Africa. The Americas region surveyed across Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, and United States. The Asia-Pacific region surveyed across Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, South Korea, and Thailand. The Europe, Middle East & Africa region surveyed across France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Spain, United Arab Emirates, and United Kingdom.
Company Usability Profiles:
The report deeply explores the recent significant developments by the leading vendors and innovation profiles in the Global UHT Processing Market including Alfa Laval AB, Elecster Oyj, Feldmeier Equipment INC., GEA Group, Goma Engineering Pvt Ltd, Highland Equipment Inc., IMA Group, Iwai Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd., JBT Corporation, Krones AG, M&E Trading GmbH & Co. KG, Microthermics Inc., Nanjing Prosky Food Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Neologic Engineers Private Ltd., Reda S.P.A., Shanghai Jimei Food Machinery Limited Company, Shanghai Triowin Automation Machinery Co., Ltd., SPX FLOW, Inc., Stephan Machinery GmbH, TESSA I.E.C. GROUP LTD., and Tetra Laval International S.A..
FPNV Positioning Matrix:
The FPNV Positioning Matrix evaluates and categorizes the vendors in the UHT Processing Market on the basis of Business Strategy (Business Growth, Industry Coverage, Financial Viability, and Channel Support) and Product Satisfaction (Value for Money, Ease of Use, Product Features, and Customer Support) that aids businesses in better decision making and understanding the competitive landscape.
Competitive Strategic Window:
The Competitive Strategic Window analyses the competitive landscape in terms of markets, applications, and geographies. The Competitive Strategic Window helps the vendor define an alignment or fit between their capabilities and opportunities for future growth prospects. During a forecast period, it defines the optimal or favorable fit for the vendors to adopt successive merger and acquisition strategies, geography expansion, research & development, and new product introduction strategies to execute further business expansion and growth.
Cumulative Impact of COVID-19:
COVID-19 is an incomparable global public health emergency that has affected almost every industry, so for and, the long-term effects projected to impact the industry growth during the forecast period. Our ongoing research amplifies our research framework to ensure the inclusion of underlaying COVID-19 issues and potential paths forward. The report is delivering insights on COVID-19 considering the changes in consumer behavior and demand, purchasing patterns, re-routing of the supply chain, dynamics of current market forces, and the significant interventions of governments. The updated study provides insights, analysis, estimations, and forecast, considering the COVID-19 impact on the market.
1. Market Penetration: Provides comprehensive information on the market offered by the key players
2. Market Development: Provides in-depth information about lucrative emerging markets and analyzes the markets
3. Market Diversification: Provides detailed information about new product launches, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments
4. Competitive Assessment & Intelligence: Provides an exhaustive assessment of market shares, strategies, products, and manufacturing capabilities of the leading players
5. Product Development & Innovation: Provides intelligent insights on future technologies, R&D activities, and new product developments
1. What is the market size and forecast of the Global UHT Processing Market?
2. What are the inhibiting factors and impact of COVID-19 shaping the Global UHT Processing Market during the forecast period?
3. Which are the products/segments/applications/areas to invest in over the forecast period in the Global UHT Processing Market?
4. What is the competitive strategic window for opportunities in the Global UHT Processing Market?
5. What are the technology trends and regulatory frameworks in the Global UHT Processing Market?
6. What are the modes and strategic moves considered suitable for entering the Global UHT Processing Market?
Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05993381/?utm_source=GNW
About Reportlinker
ReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.
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I joined Michelle following a long term back and hip injury. The root of the problem was soon identified and I was given a set of clearly defined and well explained exercises. The clinic sessions were very beneficial with improvements noticeable following each appointment.
I was helped to understand the root cause of my injury in very simple terms. This understanding made the exercises make sense.
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I have been injury free for over 8 months and training for my first 1/2 marathon. I still complete the stretching exercises prescribed by Michelle and believe that these have helped prevent a re-occurrence of what was a long term injury.


In February 2013 I joined a fieldtrip to the Tinderry Range in NSW with botanists and staff from the Australian National Botanic Gardens. The aim was to search for and collect seeds from the endangered and ephemeral plant, Dampiera fusca, found only in a few locations on the eastern edge of the Southern Tablelands. Features of the landscape, such as granite tors and the impact of bushfire on the vegetation, informed the artwork.


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WhatsApp set to launch free voice calls? Hello, Skype and Viber
by vivekPosted on September 16, 2014 November 3, 2017
Facebook it seems is upping the ante as voice messaging services Skype and Viber will soon have to grapple with some stiff competition from the company-owned WhatsApp. How you ask? The mobile messaging app is gearing up to introduce voice calling service for its users – possibly for free!
Reports suggest that the updated version of WhatsApp will offer support for the voice call feature. WhatsApp's CEO Jan Koum had let on at the MWC 2014 that voice calling would make its way to the app. The update for the service was slated for Q2 2014, but is yet to make its way to users.
However, alterations in the UI of WhatsApp, as revealed by leaked images of the same, seem to suggest that the groundwork for the impending feature is being laid.
"The leaked images of the upcoming user interface shows that the app has been enabled with other language translations which will be displayed at the time a person receives a call via WhatsApp," notes a thefusejoplin.com report.
Currently, the translation feature leaked in April this year) that is accessible on the latest WhatsApp version (also points in the direction that the voice calling feature is set to arrive soon. The leaked images also reveal that app will imbibe buttons for speakers, muting, message and ending a call.
With the voice calling option available for WhatsApp, users will not only be able to chat with those on their list, but also call them up without a fee being administered. This factor may give WhatsApp an edge over rivals Viber and Skype which charge 1.9 cents and 1.7 cents per minute, respectively, in the U.S.
Another advantage WhatsApp would have over Skype and Viber is that by comparison, it uses less bandwidth. While there are often delays (few seconds) in calls made via Viber or Skype, the fact that WhatsApp is highly optimized for voice calls would mean that there would be no delays.
Initially, the voice calling feature for WhatsApp will only be available for iOS and Android devices. However, BlackBerry and Windows Phone users need not get disappointed as the feature will also make its way to these platforms.
However, a major concern with WhatsApp would be privacy as anybody on the contact list has access to the user. Moreover, in the long term, offering free international voice calls may work out to be an expensive proposition for the company. In the event Facebook looks to deploy ads to generate revenue, users may be put off.
A possibility exists, that the voice calling option for WhatsApp remains free for a year and then users are charged a subscription fee.
Posted in TechnologyTagged Whatsapp
Published by vivek
View all posts by vivek
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Dr. Steven G. Rogelberg holds the title of Chancellor's Professor at UNC Charlotte for distinguished national, international and interdisciplinary contributions. He is a Professor of Organizational Science, Management, and Psychology as well as the Director of Organizational Science. He has over 100 publications addressing issues such as team effectiveness, leadership, engagement, health and employee well-being, meetings at work, and organizational research methods. He is the Editor of the Journal of Business and Psychology, and the Talent Management Essentials book series. Dr. Rogelberg has received over $2,000,000 of external grant funding including from the National Science Foundation.
Awards and honors include receiving the 2017 Humboldt Award, the 2019 recipient of the First Citizens Bank Scholar Award, being the inaugural winner of the Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) Humanitarian Award, receiving the SIOP Distinguished Service Award, Bowling Green State University (BGSU) Master Teacher Award, Psi Chi Professor of the Year Award, Fellow of the Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, and serving as the 2000 BGSU graduation commencement speaker. He is currently the elected Secretary General of the Alliance of Organizational Psychology. Former Executive Board Member and Research & Science Officer, SIOP.
His research has been profiled on Television (CBS This Morning), Radio (e.g., NPR, CBC, CBS), Newspapers (e.g., Chicago Tribune, LA Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, London Guardian) and Magazines (e.g., National Geographic, Forbes, Scientific American Mind).
He has been a visiting scholar and guest speaker at universities around the world including: BI Norwegian Business School (Norway), Peking University (China), University of Edinburgh (Scotland), Reykjavik University (Iceland), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong City University, The University of Sheffield (England), The University of Zurich (Switzerland), The University of Tel Aviv (Israel), Technion University (Israel), Concordia University (Canada), the University of Mannheim (Germany) and Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium).
He founded and currently directs two large outreach initiatives, spanning 8 universities, focusing on nonprofit organization effectiveness. Over 1000 nonprofits have been served.
Before completing his Ph.D. in Industrial/Organizational Psychology at the University of Connecticut in 1994, he received his undergraduate B.Sc. degree from Tufts University in 1989.
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Controlling speech is bad enough
by Sheila Liaugminas Jul 26, 2010 May 1, 2020 / < 1 min /
But this is ridiculous.
Deprived of the opportunity to speak to a City Council committee about its plan to hire a $30,000 state lobbyist, Darlene Heslop apparently could not contain herself. She sighed and rolled her eyes — and was promptly ejected from the June 14 meeting. Surely nobody expects the committee to conduct its business effectively if citizens are free to make facial expressions in public.
(the Chicago Tribune editors say wryly)
"Making faces behind the mayor's back is disruptive, in my opinion," said committee chairman Stephen Hipskind, who told Heslop to leave.
So small town council members are going after "non-verbal outbursts." Yes, that's what it says.
Funny thing about public meetings: They tend to expose disparate viewpoints, especially if the discussion is about something like whether it's a smart idea for one government body to spend taxpayer dollars to lobby another government body for more taxpayer dollars.
Which is what this town council was discussing, prompting the eye-roll.
Our advice to public servants who think citizen discourse is somehow disrespectful to the democratic process: Get over yourselves. Your job is to heed those opinions, like them or not. If a pair of arched eyebrows can bring the legislative process to a halt, then it's time to throw out the aldermen, not the citizens.
Now imagine this whole scenario writ large. Elections are just 98 days away.
Sheila Liaugminas
sheila.31@mercatornet.com
Sheila Liaugminas is an Emmy award-winning Chicago-based journalist in print and broadcast media. Her writing and broadcasting covers matters of faith, culture, politics and the media....	More by Sheila Liaugminas
Tagged: citizen participation, free speech


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Федір Володимирович Веніславський ( , смт Олика, Ківерцівський район, Волинська область) — викладач кафедри конституційного права України Національного юридичного університету імені Ярослава Мудрого. Кандидат юридичних наук, доцент. Фахівець у галузі державотворення та прав людини. Очолював Харківську громадську Люстраційну палату.

Представник Президента України Володимира Зеленського у Конституційному Суді України (3 червня 2019 — 12 вересня 2022). Представник Президента України у Верховній Раді України (з 12 вересня 2022).

Життєпис
Народився у сім'ї селянина.

Освіта
З 1976 по 1986 рр. навчався в Олицькій середній школі, яку закінчив зі срібною медаллю. У 1989 р. поступив на навчання до Харківського юридичного інституту, у 1994 р. закінчив з відзнакою Українську державну юридичну академію та поступив на навчання до аспірантури Української державної юридичної академії на кафедру конституційного права України.

Професійна та наукова діяльність
Трудову діяльність розпочав у 1986 р. робітником будівельної бригади колгоспу ім. Леніна (смт Олика).

З 1987 по 1989 рр. проходив військову службу в радянській армії, звільнився в званні сержанта.

У 1997 р. закінчив аспірантуру і був направлений на роботу асистентом кафедри конституційного права України Національної юридичної академії України імені Ярослава Мудрого.

У 2000 р. захистив дисертацію на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук. Тема дисертації «Конституційні основи взаємовідносин законодавчої та виконавчої влади в Україні».

У 2003 р. призначений на посаду доцента кафедри конституційного права України.

Є автором та співавтором більше 100 наукових, науково-методичних, науково-публіцистичних робіт з проблем організації та функціонування органів державної влади в Україні, забезпечення прав та свобод людини і громадянина.

Брав участь в законопроєктній роботі; готував висновки за справами, що знаходяться у провадженні Конституційного Суду України.

У 2001 р. за контрактом з Міністерством юстиції України проводив дослідження правової системи України на замовлення Світового банку.

У 2004 р. за спільним замовленням Міністерства юстиції Канади і Міністерства юстиції України досліджував причини корупції в Україні в рамках проєкту сприяння доброчесності в державному секторі.

У 2014 р. проводив дослідження якості судових рішень за результатами розгляду виборчих спорів судами України.

Брав участь у робочій групі з доопрацювання проєкту Закону України «Про очищення влади».

Від імені правозахисних організацій неодноразово відстоював права людини в судах, надавав безкоштовні юридичні консультації соціально незахищеним верствам населення.

Політична діяльність
2014 р. — на виборах до Верховної Ради — кандидат в народні депутати від одномандатного мажоритарного округу № 23 (Волинська область). Самовисуванець. Безпартійний.

У червні 2019 року виступав як представник Президента України в Конституційному суді в судовому процесі щодо конституційності Указу президента з приводу дострокового припинення повноважень Верховної Ради
Член Комісії з питань правової реформи з 7 серпня 2019.

На позачергових парламентських виборах 2019 року був обраний народним депутатом від партії «Слуга народу» будучи № 88 у списку. Безпартійний. Член Комітету Верховної Ради з питань національної безпеки, оборони та розвідки.

Сім'я
Одружений, має двох синів.

Примітки

Посилання

 Блог Федора Веніславського , Українська правда
 Зеленський призначив Веніславського своїм представником у КСУ , Укрінформ (03.06.2019)
 Конституційний Суд підтвердив обґрунтованість указу Президента про розпуск Верховної Ради — Федір Веніславський , president.gov.ua (20 червня 2019)
 Рух ЧЕСНО

Декларація
 Е-декларація

Представники Президента України
Уродженці Олики
Викладачі Національного юридичного університету імені Ярослава Мудрого
Кандидати юридичних наук України
Українські правознавці
ЗеКоманда
Члени конституційних комісій в Україні
Представники Президента України у Верховній Раді

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Suspect in deadly Istanbul nightclub attack denies charges
Abdulkadir Masharipov is accused of shooting dead 39 people, including young Israeli, in 2017 New Year's massacre
By AFP and TOI staff	19 February 2019, 1:09 am 0 Edit
Reina club shooter Abdulgadir Masharipov after being caught by Turkish police in Istanbul, late Monday, January 16, 2017. (Depo Photos via AP)
ANKARA, Turkey — The main suspect accused of killing 39 people at an Istanbul nightclub in a New Year's attack in 2017 denied all charges in court on Monday, Turkish state media reported.
The accused, Abdulkadir Masharipov, an Uzbek national, could face 40 life sentences if convicted, one for each of the victims and the massacre itself.
Masharipov told the Istanbul court during a closed hearing on Monday that he did not conduct the attack two years ago and he was "not the individual seen with a Kalashnikov in his hands," state news agency Anadolu reported.
The alleged gunman had previously refused to testify in court but on Monday said he rejected previous statements to police in which he accepted responsibility for the attack
Among those shot to death were 27 foreigners including citizens from Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Iraq and Morocco who had gone to the elite Reina nightclub to celebrate the new year.
The Islamic State group claimed the shooting at the time after a string of terror attacks blamed on jihadists and Kurdish militants in 2015 and 2016.
The main suspect was caught after a long manhunt on January 17, 2017, in Istanbul's Esenyurt neighborhood.
Masharipov on Monday said that he had come to Turkey via Pakistan and Iran because his wife was sick and he had no money, Anadolu said.
He told the court that a friend showed a picture of him on the internet the day after the attack, which shocked him, and he suggested the media was to blame for connecting him to the shooting.
He is one of 58 suspects on trial but late on Monday, the judge ordered the conditional release of 19 individuals for the duration of the legal proceedings.
Lian Zaher Nasser of Tira, killed in a shooting attack at an Istanbul nightclub on January 1, 2017 (Courtesy)
But the court ruled that 20 suspects including Masharipov, his wife Zarina Nurullayeva and a French woman with whom he is religiously married but not legally, should remain in custody, the agency reported. Anadolu did not give details on the other 19 suspects who are not in custody.
The next hearing in the case will be on May 16.
Lian Zaher Nasser, 19, from Tira in central Israel was one of those killed in the club, where she was celebrating the New Year with friends. One of her friends, another Tira resident, was injured in the attack.
2017 Istanbul nightclub attack
Joint in holy matrimony? At many Israeli weddings weed is the new whiskey
TrendsJoint in holy matrimony? At many Israeli weddings weed is the new whiskey


Hedgehogs is available as a limited edition giclee print from an edition of 100. It is printed onto matte archival paper with high quality pigment inks. Available framed in a warm white distressed wooden frame, with matching fabric white mount.
to fit an 8x8inch frame.


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Homepage Cold War EraYugoslavia chose the MiG-21 over the Mirage III but the conversion to the Fishbed was plagued by problems
Yugoslavia chose the MiG-21 over the Mirage III but the conversion to the Fishbed was plagued by problems
By Jaroslav Cabuk
A study by the RV i PVO concluded that, `MiG-pilots are not capable of interceptor-operations at speeds above Mach 1.3.'
During the 1950s, Yugoslavia maintained relatively close relations to the United States of America (USA). Its representatives signed the Mutual Defence Aid Program (MDAP) and the armed forces thus received significant amounts of arms, equipment, and weapon systems of Western origin. However, after the end of the MDAP in 1958, the government in Beograd (Belgrade) – capital of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRJ) -turned to commercial deliveries for equipping its air force. Following contemporary trends, the Ratno vazduhoplovstvo i PVO Vojske Jugoslavije (RV i PVO, Air Force and Anti-Aircraft defense of the Army of Yugoslavia) designed a plan for its further growth for 1959-1966, which included an estimated requirement for 80 fighter jets capable of reaching speeds of Mach 2. It might sound surprising for what at the time was a communist country, but the senior leadership of the RV i PVO was quick to conclude that its preferred type would be the French-made Dasault Mirage IIIC interceptor; indeed, the generals were even interested in obtaining a licence for its manufacture in Yugoslavia. However, at the same time, the Liberation War of Algeria was in full swing, and the government in Belgrade was providing political support to the National Liberation Front (FLN) in that country: indeed, it went as far as to recognise its provisional government in exile, and started providing arms deliveries. It is hardly necessary to say that this not only hampered relations with Paris but led to a cancellation of the Mirage order.
Instead, and just as the Cold War was about to enter the period of its next major crisis, the Yugoslavs turned to the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR or Soviet Union). As told by Bojan Dimitrijevic, Milan Micevski in their book Silver Birds Over the Estuary: the MiG-21 in Yugoslav and Serbian Air Force Service, 1962-2019, a visit of the Yugoslav Air Force commander General Ulepić in 1960 opened the possibility of Yugoslavia purchasing new fighters in the Soviet Union. A trade agreement between the two states for the period between 1961 and 1966 included an agreement on weapon deliveries including 34 million US dollars devoted to purchases for the air force. The primary Yugoslav aim was to obtain a modern supersonic fighter-interceptor. Although having only very few hard facts about the type – mostly obtained from various newspapers – the senior leadership of the RV i PVO decided that the MiG-21 would be its choice. On Apr. 17, 1961, General Ulepić approved a plan for purchasing the MiG-21 and the licence for its production, codenamed Thunder (Grom).
Plan Grom estimated that the purchase and licence production would include 150 MiG-21s as well as the purchase of 12 MiG-15UTI two-seaters for training. Indeed, they went as far as to consider licence production of the Tumansky R-11F-300 engine for the new type. A Yugoslav delegation reached Moscow on Apr. 19, 1961 and remained in the Soviet Union until August. On Apr. 22, it was given the opportunity to see a demonstration flight of a MiG-21F-13 at Kubinka Air Base, and then received a rather basic briefing on its performance. Moreover, during the following negotiations, the Soviet representatives demanded that the Yugoslavs 'significantly change their political course' from Belgrade's pro-West orientation towards closer relations with the Warsaw Pact.
Surprisingly enough, considering their fierce insistence on independence, the politicians in Belgrade agreed with such demands. Indeed, they advised Ulepić to abandon the earlier practice of getting closely acquainted with the performance of the new jet and pressed on with negotiating the order. Correspondingly, and although the Soviets refused to lower the price, on Jun. 8, 1961 the Yugoslav delegation announced its decision to purchase a batch of MiG-21F-13s. The only element of the original intention of the RV i PVO left out from the resulting contract was the acquisition of MIG-15UTI conversion trainers.
A sketch drawing made after the first demonstration of the MiG-21 F-13 to the Yugoslav delegation. The Yugoslays were not allowed to photograph the aircraft, so one of the colonels, Ing Nebojsa Zivanović, drew this sketch for official use (VA)
Once all the related details were sorted out, on Aug. 2, 1961 representatives of the SFRJ and the USSR signed an interstate agreement, without details of quantities and prices, in Moscow. This stipulated the delivery of the first five MiG-21F-13s in 1962, eight in 1963, 14 in 1964, and 13 in 1965. In March 1962, a Soviet delegation visited Belgrade to negotiate a decision to purchase 40 MiG-21F-13s worth US $ 575,000, including spare parts, R-3S infra-red homing air-to-air missiles (ASCC/NATO-code AA-2 Atoll; colloquially known by its weapons system designation R-3S' in the RV i PVO), ground equipment, and the training of necessary personnel of the RV i PVO. A related deal was signed on Apr. 7, 1962 which specified the purchase of 40 MIG-21Fs.
In January 1962, a group of RV i PVO airmen was selected for a trip to the USSR to convert to MiG-21 fighters. There were seven pilots, 20 technicians and one doctor. This group went through a two-month intensive Russian language course at the Air Technical Centre in Rakić, near Sarajevo between Feb. 28 and 25 Apr. 25. Nobody knew what kind of task the group was destined for except the group's leader. The group was led by pilot Major Slobodan Radić seasoned F-86E Sabre pilot who finished conversion on the F-100 Super Sabre in USAF in 1957-1958.
Although all of the pilots passed strict medical exams in Yugoslavia, at the request of the Soviets they were examined again prior to starting the conversion course and one of the Yugoslav pilots was returned by the Soviets. The Soviet style of training was from the ground-up, and treated the Yugoslav pilots as though they had never flown fighters before, no matter their previous experience on US-built jets. Pilots were converted to fly the MiG-21 in daytime/ VFR conditions by 715 Training Aviation Regiment at Lugovaya AB in Kirgizia. They conducted ten sorties on MiG-15UTIs and a dozen on MiG-17s between Jun. 1 and Jul. 4. From Jul. 4, they started to fly MiG-21s until the middle of August, reaching an average of 23 training sorties per pilot. After the Yugoslav pilots learned how to take off, make a circle around the air base and land, the Soviets provided no tactical training whatsoever. Ground crew proceed from Lugovaya to Alma Ata where they joined the technicians from other air forces which were also about to receive the MiG-21s, and passed the training to maintain the MiGs at I and II level, i.e. at the squadron and regimental levels.
Conversion was finished and on Aug. 20 the group returned to Yugoslavia with the technicians proudly stating that they were the best among other foreign groups to finish conversion. Thus came into being the nucleus of the Yugoslav supersonic fighter community.
On Sep. 22, 1962, the first five MiG-21F-13s arrived at Batajnica Air Base, some 15 miles north of Belgrade. According to the contract with the Soviets, the Yugoslav RV i PVO increased security measures at Batajnica Air Base to prevent any leakage of information concerning this type. The sales contract also requested secrecy over the type's name and so Yugoslavia adopted their own type designations; the MiG-21F-13 became the L-12, where "L" stood for lovac or fighter, while the later-delivered MiG-21U became the NL-12 where meant nastavni lovac, or training-fighter.
The first unit to receive the Soviet-built fighters was 204th Fighter Aviation Regiment. Originally established in 1949, this regiment was based at Batajnica AB, west of Belgrade, from 1951. It operated MDAP-supplied Republic F-84G Thunderjets in 1953-1958 and then North American F-86E Sabres from 1958. When the MiGs arrived, the 204th consisted of two fighter squadrons Nos. 127 and 128, and the force's acrobatic team, and had around 25 F-86Es in total. No. 127 Squadron was chosen to be the first unit to convert to MiG-21s; conversion started immediately after the MiGs arrived and continued until the end of 1963. The pilots that finished conversion in the USSR continued flying in Yugoslavia from November 1962. In spring of 1963 conversion of the first group of five pilots started in Yugoslavia. It is interesting to note that in 1962-1964, 204th Regiment was most likely unique in Europe and probably worldwide, to jointly operate American and Soviet fighters – and that at the peak of the Cold War!
Bojan Savnik, (1930-1976), Slovene fighter pilot and general, with his Mig-21
The conversion programme continued in Batajnica in 1963. It took until spring 1965 for all technical personnel to be converted to maintain the type in so-called I and II degree of technical maintenance. In the meantime, there were also Soviet instructors in the regiment. A total of 54 different Soviet airmen were in the unit until 1966, assisting the conversion and inspecting the MiGs during the guarantee period. The Yugoslays managed to overcome the Soviet limitations on flying the MiG-21F and to carry out all of the fighter training and even the acrobatics on their own.
Conversion and initial training were carried out under VFR conditions, while flying under IFR rules was allowed only to the pilots of the group who had passed their conversion in the Soviet Union. Lack of flying gear also meant that most interceptions were carried at the middle altitudes and below Mach 1. Squadron exercises were also conducted: fast take offs from QRA, interception at middle and higher altitudes carried out by a single pilot or in a pair.
Compared to the earlier conversion to the American types delivered through the MDAP, the conversion to the Soviet supersonic fighter was burdened with many problems. The Soviet flying gear was in deficit. No official flying manuals, schemes, procedures or other devices used in preparation for flying were supplied. All of this was especially obvious when flying at higher altitudes and training for the sonic boom; it was not easy to go over the speed of sound just on the experiences of the elder pilots.
A major problem was the lack of the two-seater. The Soviets and their Warsaw Pact allies used the MiG-15UTI as the trainer for the MiG-21s until receipt of the production batches of two-seater MiG-21Us which did not arrive until 1965. Due to the lack of two-seaters during conversion, the Yugoslays modified at least one Lockheed TV-2 (serial number 10258) in May 1964 by mounting Soviet metric instruments (air horizon) and continued conversion of other pilots using the modified American training aircraft: this was a unique application, but also a typical 'Yugoslav improvisation' – which worked flawlessly until the delivery of dedicated two-seat conversion trainers. Indeed, the delivery of the first batch of two-seaters caused a major surprise, because it turned out that the instructor – who always occupied the rear seat – could see almost nothing at all during the take-off and landing.
In 1965, one of the MiG-21 squadrons moved to Pleso-Zagreb Air Base where it took part in Exercise Lov6en, together with F-86D Sabre Dogs from 117th Regiment. However, and overall, the conversion to MiGs progressed rather slowly. Indeed, during the same year a study by the RV i PVO concluded that, `MiG-pilots are not capable of interceptor-operations at speeds above Mach 1.3′. Furthermore, it observed that – while a modern fighter 'safe for flying' – the MiG¬21F-13 had a 'short range… (and) minimal engine resources, and that the engine was sensitive to service use.
Silver Birds Over the Estuary: the MiG-21 in Yugoslav and Serbian Air Force Service, 1962-2019 is published by Helion & Company and is available to order here.
Yugoslav Air Force MiG-21 at the Military History Park in Pivka (Slovenia) (author Jaroslav Cabuk)
Photo credit: Rob Schleiffert from Holland and Tiefkuehlfan via Wikipedia, Jaroslav Cabuk and Unknown
Jaroslav Cabuk
Jaroslav Cabuk is working in the Ministry of Defense of the Slovak Republic, under the Section of Defense Policy. He studied Defense studies in Slovakia as well as Military and defense studies in Slovenia. His interests are mostly into the Eastern Europe aviation and aviation history, especially the region of V4 countries and Balkans. The military history of these regions were the main subjects of his previous University's works.
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text:
Personen
 Rockefeller (familie)

 John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937), Amerikaans zakenman en filantroop
 Nelson Rockefeller (1908-1979), Amerikaans Republikeins politicus; kleinzoon van John D. Rockefeller
 David Rockefeller (1915), invloedrijke Amerikaanse bankier; kleinzoon van John D. Rockefeller
 Jay Rockefeller (1937), Amerikaans Democratisch politicus; achterkleinzoon van John D. Rockefeller
 Michael Rockefeller (1938-1961?), vermiste zoon van Nelson Rockefeller

Vernoemd
 Rockefeller Foundation, een door de familie gestichte liefdadige instelling die zich voornamelijk met onderwijs bezighoudt
 Rockefeller-universiteit in New York

Overig
 Rockefeller (band)


text:
Диана Ренник (род. 25 марта 1985 года, Свердловск, Россия) — эстонская фигуристка, выступающая в парном катании. В паре с Алексеем Саксом четыре раза выигрывала эстонские национальный чемпионат. Пара участвовала в XX Зимних Олимпийских играх в Турине, где заняла 17 место.

Биография
Родилась в Свердловске в семье тренеров по фигурному катанию Ардо и Юлии Ренник. Кататься начала в 2,5 года. После распада СССР отец уехал к брату в Финляндию, за ним через три года отправились и Диана с матерью. На новом месте родители продолжили тренерскую работу, занимаясь с финскими и эстонскими фигуристами, в том числе собственной дочерью, которая стала представлять на соревнованиях Эстонию.

В 2001 году в пару к Диане Ренник встал Алексей Сакс, ранее выступавший в одиночном катании. Они выступали на чемпионатах мира и Европы, где занимали места во втором десятке. В 2006 году Ренник и Сакс представляли Эстонию в парном катании на Зимних Олимпийских играх (первое после 1936 года выступление эстонцев), где заняли 17 место.

Спортивные достижения
(с Алексеем Саксом)

Примечания

Ссылки

Родившиеся в 1985 году
Фигуристы на зимних Олимпийских играх 2006 года
Википедия:Биографии современников


Look for leaks under the generator. You might avoid an expensive problem by fixing a leak early.
2. Be sure the AC load breaker or switch is turned OFF when starting the generator, warm it up for a minute, then connect the load. When you shut down the generator, turn the breaker or switch OFF, let the generator cool down for a minute and then shut it off. This could prevent expensive failures of the automatic voltage regulator or generator diodes.
3. Turn OFF the shore power breaker at the dock before switching the generator on if you start at the dock. If the shore power switch is wearing out, the generator could momentarily or permanently connect to the shore power with catastrophic results.
4. Change the seawater pump annually before you start your cruising season. Throw away the old one or keep it for a spare if it looks good. Using silicon dielectric grease on the new and old impeller to make will make them much easier to remove and install.
5. If you don't put a lot of hours on your generator, change the oil and filter twice a year (spring and fall), change the fuel filter annually and service or replace the air filter annually. Northern Lights generators incorporate washable air filter. Replace them only if the foam seems to be deteriorating. If you are building up a lot of hours quickly on the generator, then follow the manufacturer's maintenance recommendations.
6. You can prevent dirty exhaust! Try to maintain 40 – 50% of the generator's rated KW load or more at all times. Light loads are perfect for your inverter; heavy loads are perfect for the generator and it will run more efficiently. Light loads will cause the exhaust elbow to plug with carbon, causing performance problems, smoke, overheating and failure of the elbow.
7. Inspect the exhaust wet elbow visually once a year. If you seen any visible signs of distress, like rusty spots, leaks or cracks, replace it immediately before it causes seawater failures of electrical parts on your generator.
8. If your generator has zincs, inspect them every 90 days until you know how often they need to be changed. Note: Northern Lights generators up to 20 KW don't require zincs!
9. Always carry spares for your generator. At minimum, carry two spare fuel filters, one spare belt, one spare oil filter, spare oil and spare coolant.


David Ryan, founder of Sailing Montauk, stood inside the charred cabin of his Catalina 38, which was struck by lightning in August.
A week before Tropical Storm Irene ravaged the East Coast, David Ryan, the owner and founder of Sailing Montauk, was left with a lightning-charred Catalina 38, damaged beyond repair in a serious thunderstorm. But in the wake of that storm he turned his attention toward plans for a new and bigger boat — a 30-person catamaran that, when completed, will be the East End's only United States Coast Guard-inspected sailing vessel legally allowed to carry more than six passengers, according to Mr. Ryan.
He and his wife, Amelia Ryan, along with their two daughters, have been making passages together to the Caribbean and ports up and down the East Coast for years. They decided that this summer, they would take Mr. Ryan's master captain license and lifelong love affair with the ocean and try to make a business of it. In June they launched the charter sailing business Sailing Montauk, outfitting his sloop, S/V Intemperance, as a family-friendly cruiser. By the end of the season, the S/V Intemperance had made almost 100 trips and carried 500 passengers.
The reception was so good, in fact, that in mid-July Mr. Ryan started looking into building a bigger boat — he was tired of having to turn large groups of people down. When he discovered the storm-induced damage to the S/V Intemperance on that fateful morning, it only solidified his determination to get serious about what he is calling the Mon Tiki Catamaran Project.
The night before, Mr. Ryan and his daughter had shut down the boat, closing hatches and through-holes with deliberate care. They knew a powerful storm was brewing.
After taking his clients back to shore, he dashed down the companionway and sprayed it heavily with a fire extinguisher.
Mr. Ryan isn't exactly sure what happened, but believes that there was a flash ignition caused by the lightning's electricity entering the wiring system of the boat, as there was no damage to the mast whatsoever.
The adjuster declared it a total loss, as the cost to bring the boat back far exceeds its own value.
"Her financial ashes will be the fertilizer for a new project," Mr. Ryan said, adding that the Mon Tiki Eco Catamaran will be a boon to the local economy.
Financing has been secured and the full building plans are under review by John Marples, an expert in the construction of boats that can pass the U.S. Coast Guard Inspected Passenger Vessel Certification. Mr. Ryan anticipates a final approval at the end of October, with the four-month construction slated to begin in December.
He is looking for a construction site for the Tiki, hoping to have it built on the East End by local craftsmen using low-impact materials. He believes the boat will serve as a "working testament" to the skills and ingenuity of the local community.


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1119-06. Freeze on dewberry and marsh grasses near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Freeze on bluebonnet (Lupinus) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Freeze on dry fragrant flatsedge (Cyperus odoratus) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Freeze on balloon vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Grasses near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, January 11, 2014
Late blooming Dakota vervain (Verbena bipinnatifida) with freeze in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Late blooming Indian paintbrush (Castilleja indivisa) with freeze in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 25, 2012
Spider web near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Some dry plants near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Pond shores in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Pond with mist in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Shore of a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 25, 2012
Horse apple (osage orange) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Horse apples (osage orange) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Ripening dewberry in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 16, 2009
Flower of dewberry in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, March 9, 2019
White flowers of dewberry in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, March 13, 2020
Dry prairie grasses in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, August 14, 2011
Dry croton and prairie grasses in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, August 6, 2011
Pond with fog in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Coreopsis near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 19, 2012
Blue dragonfly near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 19, 2012
Deers at a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, October 20, 2012
Last year rattlebush in a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Brown butterfly near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, October 6, 2012
Some blooming plant near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Foggy sunrise over a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 23, 2012
Turnsole (Heliotropium indicum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 19, 2012
Sunflower and lemon beebalm near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Orange butterfly near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Bluebonnet rosettes near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, December 8, 2012
Creeping bluebonnet rosettes near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, December 8, 2012
Old peace of wood on the bottom of a dry pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, January 8, 2012
Powderpuff (Mimosa strigillosa) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Lemon beebalm (Monarda citriodora) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 19, 2012
A pond filling by water after a draught in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, January 8, 2012
Common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 19, 2012
Common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 8, 2012
Turnsole (Heliotropium indicum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Turnsole (Heliotropium indicum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, August 25, 2012
Powderpuff (Mimosa strigillosa) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, August 25, 2012
Lemon beebalm (Monarda citriodora) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 4, 2012
A pond from a dam in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
Foggy pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
Area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Reflections in a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 28, 2010
A pond at sunrise in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
Dry leaf near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
Forest near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
A pond at morning in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
A pond from a dam at sunrise in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 13, 2009
Yerba de Tajo (Eclipta prostrata) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Horse apple (osage orange) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Lemon beebalm (Monarda citriodora) blooming near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 4, 2012
Balloon Vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 23, 2012
Indian blanket (Gaillardia pulchella, firewheel) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 4, 2012
Flower of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 19, 2012
Cloud reflections in a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 28, 2010
Accumulation of water in a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 19, 2011
Weeds in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Lemon beebalm (purple horsemint, Monarda citriodora) and a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Lemon beebalm (purple horsemint, Monarda citriodora) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Close up of horse apple (osage orange) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Indian blanket and lemon beebalm (Monarda citriodora) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 4, 2012
Flowers of balloon vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Goldenrod (Solidago) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Back lit lemon beebalm (purple horsemint, Monarda citriodora) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Back lit flowers of balloon vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, September 1, 2012
Flowers of lemon beebalm (purple horsemint, Monarda citriodora) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Lemon beebalm (purple horsemint, Monarda citriodora) growing near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, May 27, 2012
Horse apple (osage orange) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 16, 2008
Dry leaves of giant mustard (bastard cabbage, Rapistrum rugosum) near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, December 8, 2012
Creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Fruit of osage orange on a picnic table near a pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 23, 2009
Small blue aster flowers in a former pond area in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 2, 2018
Mexican hat flower (Ratibida columnaris) in area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2020
Giant reed (Arundo donax) in area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Horse-apple (Osage orange, Maclura) near a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 2, 2018
Balloon vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum) in area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2020
Blooming Mexican hat flower (Ratibida columnaris) in area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2020
Blooming creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Spider web in fog in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Dry sumpweed (Iva annua) in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Loop Trail in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2012
Female flowers of creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Groundsel bush (seepwillow, Baccharis halimifolia) with seeds in area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2020
Fragrant cudweed (sweet everlasting, Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium) in a former pond area in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 2, 2018
Female inflorescence of creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Grasshopper on a tree trunk in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Gnarl on a dead tree in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Close-up of female flowers of creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Fluffy seeds of groundsel bush (seepwillow, Baccharis halimifolia) in area of a former pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 3, 2020
Details of female flowers of creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Close up of a grasshopper on a tree trunk in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Side view of a female inflorescence of creeping lovegrass (Eragrostis reptans) in a dried pond in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 12, 2020
Texture of bark of hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012
Close up of Indian paintbrush (Castilleja indivisa) in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, November 17, 2012


text:
What Is It Like to Be a Philosopher?
In this interview, Jonathan Dancy, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin, talks about cricket, ping pong, and squash, teaching English in French Cameroon, a shaky start in philosophy, considering a career as a musician, the stranglehold Hare had on ethics, the relationship between confidence and ambition, why he didn't publish much for a decade, doing music part time, how his career suddenly took off, how computers changed his writing style, differences between academic life in the states and the UK, the low point in his career, luck, the resurgence of Anscombe, how he ended up on the Late Late Show, Austin nightlife, what philosophers want, and the future of philosophy...
[1/12/17]
Where did you grow up? What did your parents do?
I was born in Oxford UK just after the war. My father was teaching Classics at Wadham College while finishing a degree interrupted by the war. Most of the men on either side of my family taught in public schools (that is UK-speak for private schools). My father could certainly have been a successful academic but he abandoned that option in favour of going into teaching in such schools. He moved up the career ladder rapidly and ended as Headmaster of one of the most important ones in the UK, Marlborough College. My mother worked in Youth Clubs and became Chair of the National Association of Youth Clubs.
As a kid, what did you do for fun?
As a kid, I was a bit bookish but quite good at games, which I think I enjoyed more than schoolwork, though I was good at that too.
What games were you good at?
As for games, I played cricket for the school and amused myself with ping pong and squash (UK version).
Were you into school? Where did you go to college? Did you know you were going to do philosophy?
I was clever but not nerdish, I would say. Basically I was an obedient kid who learnt up what he was told to learn up. I started Latin at the age of 4 and French at 5. At 12 I won a Scholarship to Winchester College, one of the great schools in the UK, founded in the 1380s. This is probably the cleverest thing I ever did; the standard was amazingly high. Other philosophers who went there included Frank Ramsey, Michael Dummett and Galen Strawson. I had a reasonably happy time at Winchester, playing a lot of games, but always feeling that the other scholars were cleverer than I was. There was, I would say, absolutely no sign of how I was in fact going to end up. I imagined that I would be a schoolmaster, without any special enthusiasm.
After a year in French Cameroun teaching English in French in the jungle I went up to Oxford to read Greats (i.e. classics, ancient history and philosophy), and there all of a sudden things changed, in the sense that I realized, in the second week, the excitement of the intellectual – why one should read all this stuff – which up till then had been entirely hidden from me. This was a life-changing experience.
Wait a minute! How did you end up in French Cameroon?
I ended up in Cameroun because I did VSO – Voluntary Service Overseas – our version of the Peace Corps. It was great. I taught English and football - the latter because being English I was 'obviously' going to be able to do it, but it went well despite my incapacities, since one of the teams I coached won the national championship and the other came second at their level.
O.K. so, how exactly did you get into philosophy at Oxford?
Greats was what one did at Oxford if one was a classicist, and it contained quite a bit of philosophy towards the end, whether one liked it or not. And that is where I got caught. I was pretty bad at it at the beginning; my tutor said of me in an end-of-term report that 'Mr. Dancy and I meet to discuss philosophy for an hour a week, but no idea passes in either direction'. This remark was true; I simply could not make sense of philosophy as a subject matter. Luckily things suddenly improved in this respect in the middle of my final year, enabling me to end up with a good First Class degree somehow and go on to do the BPhil (a very competitive 2-year graduate degree which was intended to give one entry into the profession). Even then my tutors told me I had been lucky and I should not expect even to pass the BPhil, let alone get a position in academic life. When doing the BPhil I still expected to end up as a schoolmaster or perhaps a civil servant – or else a double bass player.
Who were your biggest influences at Oxford?
At Oxford I loved my tutor J. O. Urmson, and I think what I really wanted to do was to be as much like him as possible, have the same sort of life. Peter Strawson was very impressive and calm and urbane, a beautiful intellect, but not the sort of person one might emulate without a lot of self-deception.
What was your thesis on?
My 30,000 word thesis for the BPhil was on categories. I was deeply ashamed of it at the time and never mentioned it; though in fact I did publish excerpts from it recently, having been persuaded by listening to a talk by Ofra Magidor that there was something in it that was worth saying, even if it had been more worth saying when I first thought it up. I now think I did not believe in myself enough.
Why not ethics?
At that stage I did not see myself as a moral philosopher; the papers I took in the BPhil were on philosophical logic, metaphysics and Plato. I was hired as a philosophical logician. I only turned to moral philosophy once I got to Keele. I think that the subject as I encountered it at Oxford, dominated by Hare, had little life in it. It was only when that dominance began to fade in the mid-70s that things became interesting again.
Earlier, you mentioned double bass. When did your interest in music start?
I had piano lessons from an early age, but was not much enthused. When I got to Winchester at age 13 I was already 6ft tall and so they said I should play the bass – so I did. But I was not really engaged with it until I got to Oxford where I found that anyone with a bass, no matter how unskilful, was welcome in quite distinguished company. After my first year I bought myself a wonderful instrument with a small legacy and taught myself from then on until I got professional lessons in London in my second year of the BPhil.By then I had become very good at the bass (classical), to the extent that I was probably the best amateur in Britain. And I now think that that is what I would have done if I had not found myself offered a post at Keele in 1971. I was semi-professional from then on, playing in such orchestras as the CBSO and the RLPO.
Still friends with anyone from back then?
I don't retain any friends from that era, either philosophical or musical, other than a very few contemporaries from my college Corpus Christi who were doing Greats with me. I am however driving up to Yorkshire this weekend to see someone I knew very well then but haven't seen since, who is now the UK's leading composer of music for brass band.
You were at Keele for 25 years. How did you evolve philosophically?
I evolved philosophically on the job, I would say. Things were, still are, different in the UK. There was no issue about tenure once one had a permanent job, and so there was plenty of time to look around one, learn the subject while teaching it (the best way) and develop one's talents slowly. I had no ambition because I didn't think I had any talent, despite having done so well at Oxford (with a double distinction in the BPhil, which was very smart). I was just happy to be in a lifetime job that was reasonably paid and enabled me to read interesting stuff and talk about it to interesting people. What actually emerged at the end was completely unexpected.
Yeah, you didn't publish much…
In my first 10 years in post at Keele, I published one 3-page article. Thereafter I published much faster. I had been learning the subject, I suppose.
I think many young American philosophers feel like if they aren't publishing in the first 5 or 10 years of their careers they aren't really philosophers, like their ideas aren't worthy of consideration. Any words of wisdom for those folks?
I was not even trying to publish, for the reason that any ideas I had were not worth it; I had not been taught to think of my not publishing as itself a failure. If someone isn't trying to publish nowadays, they are probably not going to stay in the profession very long. If they are trying but failing, there are still the vagaries of the refereeing system between them and any thought that their ideas are unworthy. But as for words of wisdom, I think that would be impertinent given the fortunate position I started from.
You met your wife at Keele? How did you meet? What does she do? Kids? What do they do?
At the end of my first year at Keele I met my wife-to-be, but not at Keele; her father had come to work at the school that my father was running, in a very senior position, and brought this lovely 18yr-old with him, a gift from the gods. We were married in 1973, and have three children, a son who lives in NYC and is an actor (and yes, married to Claire Danes; they have one son), another son who lives with his French wife and two sons in Burgundy in France and runs a travel company, and a daughter who works for UNESCO in Paris with her journalist husband and one daughter. My wife Sarah did a degree at Keele in her late 30s, got a double First and since then has worked as an editor for academic presses, doing mainly philosophy.
At Keele, you wrote the Blackwell Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology. You've also said you would never do a second edition. Why?
I wrote my epistemology textbook because my lectures on the subject at Keele had ceased to change; so I thought I should either publish them and stop giving them, or just stop giving them. I must have sold something close to 100000 copies over the years. But I never wanted to change it – so no second edition. My interests had moved on.
Moral Particularism wasn't a terribly popular position when you started writing about it. What inspired you to defend it, you think?
It was really an elaborate development of some hints dropped by John McDowell in his earliest papers on ethics. As a position it didn't exist. The new realism/objectivism/anti-non-cognitivism seemed to me (and to others in the UK) best developed in that direction.
You had many visiting positions while at Keele. Which do you remember most fondly?
My philosophical life took off when I got a 1-year visiting position at Pittsburgh, then the top department in the US if not the world. This happened because of my connection with John McDowell; they were looking for someone to replace the two Baiers. Being there really made me think that I might be capable of doing something. I was already writing Moral Reasons, and giving that material in a grad class with McDowell and Gauthier sitting in was a game-changer for me. I had never experienced, nor thought myself capable of dealing with, such pressure. At Keele I was not challenged very much; it was usually me doing the challenging.
Moral Reasons was pretty successful…
I wouldn't say that Moral Reasons had an enormous success; and indeed I am now not terribly proud of it; I think it is really two books masquerading as one, the first on particularism and the second on objective reasons. However it was part of a wave of new moral theory, sometimes called British Moral Realism, or the New Intuitionism; the great names in that wave were Nagel, McDowell, and Wiggins. I think of my book as an expression of the new approach, but not as a primary driver.
I much prefer my Practical Reality, which I think was the best book I have written – shorter, better focused and better conceived.
Did the book have an effect on the development of your ideas?
Moral Reasons came out just before I went to Oxford to spend a year at All Souls as Visiting Fellow – an enormous privilege. I had intended to spend the whole year developing the particularistic thoughts that were in Moral Reasons into what I hoped would be a narrative theory of moral judgement and reasoning. But it began to look as if it was going to be a year thrown away, since I simply could not find any way of progressing on that front; I was, as it were, trapped within the confines of my previous book. Luckily, however, I had an idea on a different front that occurred to me while reading Michael Smith (a common occurrence for me), which developed into a paper written towards the end of that year at All Souls and then into Practical Reality. So I escaped into the philosophy of action.
Why did you decide to leave Keele? Was this a hard decision?
Leaving Keele was not a hard decision. We had spent 25 years, there, quite long enough, and we wanted to move south for family reasons. I was offered the position at Reading out of the blue, unadvertised (very rare in those days, in fact nearly illegal), and jumped at it.
What is Reading like?
The Department when I joined it was in great shape, due largely to the skill with which John Cottingham had put it together and was running it. There were a lot of capable people there and everyone was willing to do more than their share. In that respect, I have been very lucky, since neither of the two Departments in which I spent my UK career were ridden by the sort of strife that can tear Departments apart. I have only known collegiality and mutual support.
As a town, however, Reading was not really a place that we enjoyed living in, and in 2003 we moved to Oxford, to a house only 300 yards from where I was born.
Wow! Still playing bass?
When we moved to Oxford, I gave up playing bass for three reasons: by moving south I lost all my professional contacts in the North Midlands, I had severe pain in my shoulder because I taught myself wrong, and my philosophical career took off suddenly and I was no longer able to accept bookings except at very short notice.
How did your career take off? At Reading, which accomplishments are you most proud of?
At Reading I wrote Practical Reality and later Ethics without Principles; One is supposed to be proud of such things. I was also very proud (in an impersonal sense) of the amazingly high ranking the Reading Department got in the 2004 RAE rankings in the UK. This was a huge triumph and it was great to have been part of it. Sadly the University failed to allow us to capitalize on it – a classic error in academic politics. I was also happy to watch the gradual emergence of particularism as a new position in moral theory which people felt they needed to have a response to.
In the course of your career, how have your writing habits changed? Advice?
I never had any trouble writing; the problem was to avoid writing rubbish. I wrote my first book in pencil, and my wife typed it onto the university mainframe from a dumb terminal in the Dept. I did not like mess; so I worked it all out very carefully before putting pencil to paper, and there was almost nothing by way of erasure. When I first started on a computer (an Apple 2c) I wrote rubbish for a year and I think the reason was that there is no mess on a computer, so my personal rubbish filter ceased to work. I had to learn a new one.
Nowadays I still write outlines on paper; I generally know pretty much how to start and have a few moves worked out, and then I see if I can find a way to end it off effectively. If I can, the writing out takes me very little time.
The trouble about giving advice is that the way I started is now irrelevant, and the way it is for me now is also irrelevant to the needs of those starting out, because at my stage there is no problem about publication, other than the original one of not writing rubbish. I am trying to publish less, not more.
Since taking on the half time position at UT Austin, have you noticed differences between academic life in the states and academic life in the UK?
There are huge differences between academic life in the US and the UK, at least if one contrasts large US departments and their successful graduate programmes with medium-sized departments in the UK. At Reading we did have a very successful graduate programme; so that element was constant in my case. The main difference, however, is that in the UK the academics carry most of the administrative load; in the US there is very substantial administrative support which takes that load away, leaving one to concentrate on what one is really paid to do (and better at, quite often). You would not believe the trivial duties imposed on academics in the UK.
Generally, what's your approach to teaching?
I don't have one approach to teaching; it all depends on the class. But at the graduate level, I try to show people the benefits of very close reading. I have always read much less than many of my colleagues, but I hope that what I do read I get the maximum benefit from, by going very slowly.
Lowest point in your career?
I would say it was the evening in 1993 when I gave a paper at the Oxford Philosophical Society, (which was then the main Faculty colloquium, in US terms). My paper was called 'Arguments from Illusion'. I had asked for Tim Williamson to reply to it – a brave choice, even though he was quite junior then, and not the figurehead he is now. Anyhow he gave really good, helpful, interesting and challenging comments, to which I had good replies, as it seemed to me. So all that was fine. But in the discussion, with questions by Bernard Williams, Michael Dummett, Peter Strawson et al., I more or less blanked out, and this was a truly terrible experience. I just could not connect. I felt afterwards that I had missed the only chance I would ever get to make an impact in such august company. It was nerves, of course.
If you could go back in time and give yourself advice then, what would it be?
Believe in yourself. Given my own trajectory, one might also say 'trust to luck'. And indeed there have been several hinge moments for me in which luck has played a considerable part. For instance, in 1987 my wife suggested to me that I try to put together a tour around the US giving papers in places as I passed through. The thought was that, though we could not ourselves afford the airfare to the US, still if I could get enough invitations from places that would fly me in from wherever I was before, the honoraria would together add up to pay for the transatlantic fare. I didn't have many philosophical contacts in the US then, but I wrote to those people that I did know, and it worked. I got about 4 or 5 invitations – enough for the purpose. And then I was writing to John McDowell about something else, testimony I think, and wondered whether I dared suggest stopping in at Pittsburgh to give a talk on my way back from California to the UK. Pittsburgh was then the leading department in the US, a considerable step up, and I definitely did not want to damage my relationship with John by asking something of him that he would prefer me not to have asked. But I summoned up my courage and made the suggestion. Then a week later I was at home one evening discussing Hegel in a small reading group, when the phone rang and it was Joe Camp, the then Chair at Pitt, calling to say yes would I come to give a talk and how about staying for a whole year. This was the beginning of better things for me.
Greatest living philosophers, in your opinion?
The ones from whom I have learnt the most are John McDowell and David Wiggins.
Any interesting projects on the horizon?
I am just finishing up a book to be called Practical Shape, in which I try to construct and defend a neo-Aristotelian conception of practical reasoning. It is proving much harder than I had hoped.
How do you see the future of philosophy more generally? Do you find any trends exciting?
I like the way Anscombe's work is coming back into fashion.
Do you think all philosophers will acknowledge your view, moral particularism, is true one day, or will there always be disagreement here?
There will always be disagreement. It would be horrible just to be right. Indeed, I think that what most philosophers want is not to be right but to make a difference to the agenda. And this, I think, I have done. Anyway, nobody in philosophy should think they are right. I am not even sure they should believe what they say. I prefer the expression 'my view is that p' to 'I believe that p'.
So does philosophy go on forever and ever or do we figure it all out one day?
There is no such thing as figuring it all out in any area of enquiry.
How did you end up on the Late Late Show?
My daughter in law Claire Danes was on the show, talking about filming Temple Grandin in Austin. When asked how she liked Austin, she reeled off a list of family connections to the city. Her grandfather was on the faculty, her father was born there and her father-in-law taught there now. Ferguson asked what I taught and she related some of my views, which intrigued him and he asked whether I might agree to come on the show. She said 'Ask him' – so they did, which I think was very brave of them. But originally I refused, because it seemed wrong to fly across the US just to appear on a TV show (for environmental reasons). I then realized that I was coming over anyway, to go to the APA; so I told them that if it could be on April 1, I would do it. And so it happened. What most philosophers don't know is that the person on before me was Robin Williams – a hard act to follow. I have never been more nervous in my life. But at least I did not blank out.
What do you make of the states, culturally and/or politically?
This is a dangerous question, especially at the moment. In the part of Austin in which I live, I feel culturally at home in almost all respects, from musical to political. This has been a great surprise and a great pleasure. But I do not like the guns.
What are you listening to in Austin? It's a great place!
In Austin I like local Texan music best; we enjoy going to Elephant Room and to the local dance hall, the Broken Spoke. The restaurant we go to the most is Texas French Bread, originally started by a friend of ours and now run by her son.
Do you still play ping pong or squash?
I don't do any of these things any more. I finally gave up squash because it aggravated my shoulder injury (got from playing the bass wrongly).
Music?
Woodwork has taken the place of music in my life, but I can only really do that in France where I have all my tools. The rest of the year I am reduced to walking with my wife. But this is not much of a reduction.
I must say I've been doing this for over a year now and you are probably the most punctual subject I've had the pleasure to interview!
I like to get things done and out of the way if they are not too difficult.
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