The attached memorandum presents the results of a large scale advertising copy test project that was conducted jointly by the Division of Advertising Practices and the Bureau of Economics of the Federal Trade Commission. This research explored several issues related to the Commission's 1994 Enforcement Policy Statement on Food Advertising ("Statement"). That document describes the manner in which the Commission's approach to advertising relates to the FDA's regulations governing the use of nutrient content descriptors and health claims in food labeling.
The guidance provided in the Commission's Statement closely adheres to the FDA definitions for nutrient content descriptors and to regulations concerning unqualified health claims. Under limited conditions, however, the Statement allows food advertisers to make in a qualified manner three categories of health claims that are not permitted in labeling. The research project reported here tested consumer reactions to a series of print advertisements that presented these three classes of health claims in either an unqualified or qualified manner. The purpose of the consumer research was to determine which of the various types of disclosures and warnings that appeared in the qualified ads would communicate most effectively information concerning the nutrient profile and health attributes of the advertised products.
Approximately 1,700 consumers participated in the project, which was conducted in shopping malls in 12 geographically dispersed cities across the country in January of 1996. The research utilized 29 test ads for five fictitious food products, with 60 respondents assigned to each of the 29 test cells. Respondents were screened to ensure they were users of the type of food product featured. After reading the ads, respondents were interviewed using a survey instrument that began with very general open-ended queries, and gradually narrowed to a key close-ended question relevant to the main focus of the experiment. The interview ended with a self-administered questionnaire that measured respondents' interest in and knowledge of nutrition issues.
In considering the results of this copy test, it is important to recognize that subtle changes in the wording or placement of claims and qualifying disclosures could have a significant impact on how consumers interpret an advertisement. The fictitious nature of the test ads and their rather plain format may also have affected consumer interpretation. In addition, consumer reactions may have been influenced by the choice of foods and the particular nutrient and health benefits featured in the test ads. Further, the research measures consumer interpretation of nutrient and health information in advertising, and the results may or may not have any bearing on how consumers interpret such information in labeling. Consumers may, for example, view a nutrition profile on a food label very differently from similar information presented in the context of an advertisement. Finally, although analysis of consumer responses to the initial open-ended questioning does not suggest that the various qualifying disclosures and warnings impeded the communication of truthful information concerning the positive nutrient characteristics of the featured products, the study was not designed to provide definitive conclusions on this issue.
The first component of the research concerned claims for foods that contain high levels of a beneficial nutrient, such as fiber or calcium, but that also contain high levels of a nutrient (such as sodium, saturated fat, or cholesterol) that in sufficient quantity can increase the risk of a diet related disease. The FDA labeling regulations prohibit all health claims for these products. The Commission's Statement advises that advertisers may promote the health benefits of a food that has both positive and negative elements in its nutrient profile, but cautions that the advertisement may also need to disclose the presence, and possibly the significance, of the risk-increasing nutrient. According to the Statement, disclosure would be needed if an unqualified health claim for the beneficial nutrient would cast a halo over the entire product and lead a substantial number of consumers to assume that the product does not present any health risk.
The "Halo Effect" component of the project used ads for a fictitious minestrone soup ("Fresh and Hearty") and a sliced swiss cheese product ("Matterhorn") that, respectively, were high in fiber and calcium, but also high in either sodium or saturated fat. Two major issues were of interest. The first was whether or not the unqualified health claims for fiber or calcium would in fact lower respondents' perceptions of the level of sodium or saturated fat in the advertised products. The second issue was which, if any, of a series of disclosures would prove most effective in communicating the level of risk-increasing nutrients in the soup and cheese.
In order to test for the existence of a halo effect from an unqualified health claim for fiber or calcium, two groups of respondents were shown a soup or cheese control ad that contained no health or nutrient content information of any kind.(1) Two other groups saw ads with an unqualified health claim relevant to either fiber or calcium.(2) It was hoped that a comparison of the survey results between the two types of ads would reveal whether the health claims led respondents to view the overall nutrient profile of the advertised products in a more favorable light.
Additional groups of consumers were shown ads containing various qualifying disclosures intended to communicate the high levels of the risk-increasing nutrients in the advertised products. The sequence of ads included (1) an absolute disclosure of the quantity of sodium or saturated stated fat per serving stated in the appropriate metric measurement (grams or milligrams), (2) a relative disclosure that expressed the sodium or saturated fat content both in absolute terms and as a percentage of the Daily Recommended Value, (3) a hybrid quantitative and verbal disclosure that combined the relative disclosure with a warning that diets high in the risk-increasing nutrient could increase the risk of high blood pressure or heart disease, and (4) a strictly verbal disclosure that introduced the dietary warning with an advisory that the advertised product was high in the risk-increasing nutrient. The latter disclosure was evaluated in a follow-up test after it was determined that the wording of the hybrid disclosure had confused a large number of respondents in the initial copy test.
The results of the Halo Effect component provided very clear and interesting evidence concerning the effectiveness of the various remedy disclosures. The attempt to test the primary halo effect hypothesis, however, was compromised by low response rates in key test cells. Because neither the control nor health claim ads contained any information concerning sodium or saturated fat content, from only one-third to one-half of the consumers in these test cells were willing to choose a response category when asked to rate the sodium or saturated fat content of the advertised products on a five-point scale (ranging from low to high). Among those responding, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean sodium or saturated fat content ratings between the control and health claim groups, and these limited results therefore do not provide any evidence of a halo effect from the health claim. In all cases, the mean ratings were between "somewhat low" and "neither high nor low," which indicates that, for whatever reason, respondents on average seriously underestimated the level of risk-increasing nutrients in these products.
Results from the remedial disclosure cells showed clearly that an absolute nutrient content disclosure expressed in grams or milligrams did not on net improve respondents understanding of the advertised products' saturated fat or sodium content. The performance of the relative disclosure, which expressed the level of these nutrients both in absolute terms and as a percentage of the Daily Recommended Value, was at least as poor. A closer examination of the results revealed that the remedies had operated in a highly bifurcated fashion. A sizeable minority of respondents interpreted the absolute disclosure correctly to indicate that the advertised products were high or somewhat high in the problem nutrient. Almost as many respondents, however, completely misinterpreted these disclosures to indicate that the products were low or somewhat low in sodium or saturated fat. Further, for both the soup and cheese ads, the additional information presented in the relative disclosure increased the proportion of incorrect responses to the point where the plurality of respondents (about 40%) thought the products were low or somewhat low in the two nutrients.
The third disclosure, which added to the relative statement an advisory warning of the health consequences of high dietary intake of sodium or saturated fat, exacerbated respondents' confusion. Almost half of the viewers of this disclosure apparently misconstrued the dietary warning as a favorable commentary on the quantity of sodium or saturated fat in the advertised products. This reflected a basic design defect in the disclosure, which incorporated quantitative disclosures that failed to communicate clearly that the soup or cheese was in fact high in the risk-increasing nutrients that were discussed in the verbal dietary warning.
The fourth disclosure, which stated directly that the soup or cheese product was high in sodium or saturated fat and then warned of the associated health consequences, provided a stark contrast to the poor performance of the quantitative and hybrid disclosures. About 85% of respondents seeing the cheese warning placed the saturated fat content of the product in the two highest categories, and 70% chose the highest rating of "high." Only about 5% indicated that the cheese was low or somewhat low in saturated fat. Although the corresponding sodium warning in the soup ad did not improve the results as dramatically, about two-thirds of respondents stated that Fresh and Hearty was high or somewhat high in sodium, with most ratings falling in the highest category.(3) About one-fourth of the respondents rated the soup as low or somewhat low in sodium, despite the contradicting message in the warning.
The second category of health claims examined in the copy test project pertained to food products that are relatively low in a risk-increasing nutrient, such as sodium, but not sufficiently low to meet the absolute standard for "low" that FDA prescribes for the relevant health claim in labeling, such as a claim linking low dietary intake of sodium to a reduction in the risk of hypertension. The FTC Statement advises that health claims may appear in advertising for products that are relatively, though not necessarily absolutely, low in a risk increasing nutrient if the advertisement (1) describes a dietary substitution between two similar products that will substantially reduce intake of the nutrient, and (2) is qualified sufficiently to communicate to consumers the limited nature of the product's nutrient advantage over other products mentioned in the ad.
New Bradley Right Slices deliver the taste of oven roasted turkey with less than � the sodium of other leading brands! And that's important news. Because diets high in sodium can increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart disease!
The first object of inquiry in the Substitution Claim component was determining whether a substantial number of consumers would misconstrue the unqualified comparative ad to mean that Right Slices was a low sodium food. The results revealed that a sizeable minority of consumers in this cell did consider Right Slices to be low in sodium. About 30% of respondents volunteered this interpretation of the ad in response to the initial open-ended question, which simply asked for the main points of the ad. Almost half of the respondents, however, characterized the sodium content of Right Slices in strictly relative terms, such as "less sodium" or "half the sodium." In the relevant close-ended question, which asked readers of the ad to rate sodium content on a five-point scale, approximately 40 percent of respondents selected the "low in sodium" category.
The two quantitative remedy disclosures, which presented the sodium content of Right Slices in milligrams per serving and as a percentage of the Daily Recommended Value, replicated the weak performance observed in the Halo Effect soup ads. The mean sodium ratings in these cells did not increase over the rating obtained in the unqualified ad cell.
In the Substitution Effect segment, however, the two verbal advisories also failed to have any significant impact on respondents' mean rating of sodium content. It is possible that consumers have greater difficulty reconciling positive and negative information when it relates to the same nutrient. The Halo Effect verbal disclosure for soup informed consumers that the food was high in fiber, but also high in a separate problem nutrient--sodium. The verbal advisories used in the turkey ads attempted to present both positive and negative information about the product's sodium profile.(5) This possibly conflicting message may have confused consumers or simply have failed to register, which would suggest that even stronger or more prominent disclosures than those tested here may be necessary to communicate nutrient information of this type to those who otherwise would be misled..
An attempt was made to determine more rigorously whether respondents who rated Right Slices as low in sodium really thought the product was a true low sodium food, in the sense that it could meet an official absolute standard for "low," or whether these respondents merely considered Right Slices as low in sodium relative to similar products. Specifically, respondents were asked to compare the sodium content of Right Slices with another pictured turkey product that was labeled as "low sodium." Although difficulties in administering the question reduced the reliability of the responses, the results were at least consistent with the hypothesis that a substantial minority of respondents did in fact view Right Slices as a true low sodium food.
The final portion of the research addressed health claim subject areas that have not yet achieved the level of scientific support that FDA considers appropriate for health claims in labeling. The FDA regulations specify that no diet-disease relationship can be discussed in labeling unless FDA has determined that the relationship is supported by "significant scientific agreement." To date, eleven categories of health claims have been approved for labeling under this standard. These include claims linking diets low in saturated fat to a reduced risk of heart disease, diets high in fiber to a reduced risk of cancer, and diets high in calcium in a reduced risk of osteoporosis.
The FTC Food Policy Statement provides that any unqualified health claim in advertising should meet FDA's significant scientific agreement standard. Certain other claims, however, may appear in advertising provided that the ad is qualified to disclose clearly the extent of scientific support for the claim, and there is not a larger body of evidence in that area that contradicts the claim. The "Strength of Science" component of the research project attempted to determine what types of disclosures would best communicate to consumers limitations in the scope of scientific support for health claims that have not yet been approved for labeling. Two subject areas were selected for the test--diets low in trans fatty acids and a reduced risk of heart disease, and the use of antioxidant vitamin supplements and a reduced risk of cancer.
The fictitious products selected for the test ads were a margarine ("Better Blend") that was free of trans fatty acids, and a vitamin supplement ("ACE") that contained a full complement of antioxidant vitamins. To provide a benchmark for gauging the effect of the qualifying disclosures, one group of consumers was shown an ad that claimed the health benefits of the margarine or vitamin supplement were a proven scientific fact.(6) Additional groups of consumers saw ads that contained a series of increasingly qualified disclosures concerning the level of scientific support for the alleged health benefits.
The first level of qualification for the vitamin product was limited to a simple advisory that scientists would not be sure about the cancer reduction benefits of antioxidant supplements until "longer term research" was completed. The corresponding disclosure for the margarine ad stated that scientists would not know "how big a problem" trans fatty acids were until further research was conducted.
In the second level qualification, the vitamin ad disclosed that some recent studies had failed to find a cancer reduction benefit for antioxidant supplements. The margarine ad disclosed that there was an ongoing scientific debate concerning the amount by which trans fatty acids raise cholesterol. For both ads, the second level of qualification emphasized the incomplete status of research by cautioning readers that "It's too early to tell for sure."
The third and strongest qualification, limited to ACE vitamins, warned that a recent study had reported that high doses of an antioxidant may actually have increased the risk of cancer among smokers. This was a reference to a 1994 clinical study of the health effects of beta carotene supplementation among smokers in Finland.
The Strength of Science segment of the research also included a real print ad for an actual antioxidant vitamin supplement ("Nature Made"). Although the text of this ad was considerably longer than that of fictitious test ads, the general subject matter was very similar, and the ad cautioned that existing studies had not get proven the health benefits of antioxidant supplements. The Nature Made ad provided an opportunity to test whether respondents would regard the fictitious ads used elsewhere in the test as less credible or informative than a professionally produced ad for an actual product.
After viewing the various test ads, respondents were asked (following several more general questions) to indicate how sure scientists were about the heart benefits of a reduced intake of trans fatty acids or the cancer reduction benefits of antioxidant vitamin supplements. The principal object of the experiment was to determine which level of qualification was needed to reduce the certainty ratings below those registered by viewers of the unqualified "proof" claim ads for Better Blend and ACE.
The results from the strength of science research revealed that the strong disclaimers included in the second level of qualification (such as explicit references to inconsistent study results or ongoing scientific debate) can have a significant impact on consumer perceptions of the level of proof underlying a health claim. For both the margarine and vitamin ads, respondents in these cells gave significantly lower ratings of scientific certainty than did viewers of the unqualified "proof" claims. The more mildly qualified claims, however, did not lower mean certainty ratings significantly. For the vitamin ads, the most strongly worded warning concerning the apparently perverse effect of antioxidant supplements on cancer rates among smokers did not provide any additional impact on certainty ratings over that obtained from the second level of qualification. This warning did, however, significantly lower respondents' interest in purchasing ACE vitamins.
The research results also revealed that even the respondents in the two "proof" cells were reluctant to assign very high levels of certainty to the science supporting the antioxidant-cancer or trans fatty acids-heart disease relationships. In both cases, the mean response to the question that asked how sure scientists were about these areas was slightly below "somewhat sure." Only 27% of the vitamin respondents and 31% of the margarine participants chose the "very sure" rating. These ratings fell to 12% and 18%, respectively, in the vitamin and cheese Qualified ads. For the Highly Qualified ads, the mean ratings fell by about one rating category to slightly below "neither sure nor unsure." Only one vitamin respondent in this cell rated scientists as "very sure." Six respondents (10%) gave this response in the cheese cell with the second level of qualification.
No serious discrepancies were found in the pattern of questionnaire responses between the real Nature Made ad and the fictitious ads used in the other cells. Most importantly, respondents did not find the ad for Nature Made more believable than the other ads. The mean certainty rating generated by the real ad fell between that of the vitamin "proof" ad and the vitamin ad with the first level of qualification, suggesting that the disclaimers in the Nature Made ad may have been somewhat lost in the lengthy text.
Results from both the Halo Effect and the Substitution Claim components of the copy test indicate that, at the time of the test in early 1996, consumers had not yet become familiar with the quantitative metrics that food labels employ to communicate nutrient content information. Most participants in the test failed to interpret such measurements correctly, whether they were expressed as absolute numbers of grams or milligrams, or as percentages of the relevant Daily Recommended Values. Further, the Halo Effect findings suggest that most consumers who are not acquainted with these measurements will construe quantitative information about risk-increasing nutrients in a positive light and receive a message that is the direct opposite of that intended. At this point in time, it appears that advertising disclosures concerning high levels of risk-increasing nutrients will be most effective if framed in plain English. Future research could explore profitably whether such disclosures could be limited to a simple nutrient content descriptor, such as "high in sodium," or whether it is necessary to adopt the more complete health advisory format used in the Halo Effect segment of the copy test. Such research also might explore more fully whether the successful communication of the negative nutrient characteristics of a food product interferes in any way with consumer understanding of the positive elements of that product's nutrient profile.
In contrast to the other two components of the research, the Substitution Claim segment failed to yield any disclosure format that could correct misimpressions about limitations in the nutrient advantage and health benefits of the advertised product. A sizeable minority of respondents continued to view the turkey slices as low in sodium despite direct verbal advisories to the contrary. It would appear that many consumers do not distinguish between "lower" and "low" claims, at least for the type of product tested. Additional research might test even more prominent disclosures and include other groups of products, such as desserts or snack foods, to determine whether consumers are more likely to place "lower" claims in perspective when the advertised products are not considered generally healthy.
The Strength of Science research suggests that it is possible to communicate limitations in the level of scientific support for diet-disease relationships that have not yet attained significant scientific agreement. It could not be determined, however, whether the relatively low level of scientific certainty that respondents attached to all of the tested ads reflected an inherent skepticism of health claims in advertising, or whether this skepticism was specific to the two tested subject areas and products. Additional research that focused on a well established and familiar diet-disease relationship, such as saturated fat and heart disease, could reveal the level of scientific certainty that consumers assign to an advertised health claim in this area, and thereby provide a valuable benchmark for interpreting the results of this study.
1. See pp. 9a-9b of the main text for reproductions of these ads.
2. Reproductions of all of the ads used in the Halo Effect component may be found in Appendix A of the attached memorandum.
3. The verbal disclosure did not appear to interfere substantially with respondent perception of the positive nutrient content messages in the ads. Respondent playback of the soup's fiber content or the cheese's calcium content was virtually identical for the verbal disclosure ad as for the ads without remedy disclosures. The proportion of respondents volunteering a specific positive health claim as a main point of the ad did decline slightly in both the soup and cheese verbal disclosure ads, although no more so than in the other remedy ads. It should be noted, however, that the study did not explore this issue in a focused manner using close-ended questions that could test more explicitly for any trade-off between effective communications of both positive and negative information in print ads.
4. See pp. 33a-33e of the attached memorandum for reproductions of all of the ads used in the Substitution Claim component.
5. Since none of the tested remedy disclosures had any significant effect on respondent perceptions of the sodium content of the turkey slices, there was no need to analyze whether the various advisories had chilled useful information concerning the true sodium advantage of Right Slices.
6. See pp. 53a-53j for reproductions of all of the ads used in the Strength of Science component.


text:
Пётр Фёдорович Боре́ль (1829 — октябрь 1898) — русский живописец, акварелист, литограф, портретист.

Образование получил в качестве вольноопредеяющегося ученика в Императорской Академии художеств по классу акварели и литографии. Выпущен из Академии в 1855 году и получил звание неклассного художника акварельной портретной живописи за «Портрет госпожи NN» и этюд «Голова старика».

С конца 1859 года в основном занимался литографическими работами в жанре портрета.

Большую известность получили его работы для изданий «Лицей князя Безбородко» (СПб., 1859), «Портретная галерея русских деятелей» А. Э. Мюнстера (6 томов, СПб., 1860—1869), «Портреты духовных лиц» А. И. Траншеля (СПб., 1860—1862) и других. Его собрание «Портреты лиц, отличившихся и командовавших действующими частями в войне 1853, 1854, 1855 и 1856 годов» (60 тетрадей, более 400 портретов. СПб., 1857—1863) наряду с «Военной галереей» Д. Доу в Зимнем дворце, является крупнейшей в истории русского изобразительного искусства единой серией портретов.

Борель активно иллюстрировал журналы «Художественный листок» (1868—1870), «Всемирная иллюстрация» (1871—1895), «Север» (1889—1895), «Нива» (1892) и другие. Также он был известен своими пейзажными акварелями. В 1895 году на первой выставке печатного дела был удостоен большой золотой медали за «художественные работы на камне».

Скончался в первой половине октября 1898 года в Санкт-Петербурге.

, изображающий шахматиста А. Д. Петрова, послужил основой для картины Григория Мясоедова «Сам с собою, или Игра в шахматы» (1907).

Примечания

Источники
 Петров П. Н. Сборник материалов для истории Императорской Академии художеств за сто лет её существования. Ч. 3. СПб., 1866. — С. 249
 Адарюков В. Я. Очерк по истории литографии в России. СПб., 1912. — С. 46—47
 Кондаков С. Н. Юбилейный справочник Императорской Академии художеств, 1764—1914. Ч. 2. Пг., 1914. — С. 21
 Художники народов СССР. Т. 2. СПб., 2002. — С. 31.

Графики России
Художники России XIX века

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Collaborative Work Leads to Publication on Hyena Behavior
Michigan State University Distinguished Professor Kay Holekamp and her students have been observing hyenas as part of The Maasai Mara Hyena Project for more than 30 years, gathering data to help answer questions such as: how do hyenas inherit their mothers' social networks? What role do parasites play in interactions between hyenas and lions? Are there links between hyenas' early social experiences and their stress as an adult?
The latter is the basis for a new study published in Nature Communications co-authored by Holekamp and led by former MSU Department of Integrative Biology Ph.D. student Zachary Laubach. Additional IBIO contributors are graduate students Tracy Montgomery, Maggie Sawdy, and Professor Laura Smale (jointly appointed with Psychology).
Zachary, now a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Colorado, Boulder, said, "The focus of my research interests falls under the umbrella of developmental plasticity, or the ways that environmental and social experiences during one phase of life tend to cause changes that persist and have measurable effects later in life."
Kay Holekamp said, "One of the greatest things about long-term studies like ours is that they enable us to assess the lifelong consequences of variables acting on long-lived mammals very early in their lives. The cool and novel work that Dr. Laubach and colleagues have done here combines behavioral data from observations of mother-infant pairs and entire social networks among young hyenas in the Mara with very sophisticated molecular genetic analysis of patterns of gene expression and analysis of stress hormone concentrations later in life, thus revealing important long-term effects of the early social environment."
The three-decades long field study data were connected to individual fecal glucocorticoid metabolite samples (fGCMs), a non-invasive and ground-breaking monitoring technique in wildlife management for studying the physiological response of wildlife to a variety of stressors. Focusing on two windows of hyena early development—up to a year old--when parents are expected to have more influence, and 1-2 years old, when the "teenage" hyena establishes social networks—the scientists discovered that less maternal care during the infant's first year of life and less social connectedness once they are independent of the communal den were associated later in life with higher concentrations of stress hormones.
Next, the scientists wanted to see if they could mechanistically link positive early-life social experiences to these reduced stress hormones. In other words, did maternal care and teenage social networks make lasting changes to hyena DNA that played out later in life? The answer was yes. Less maternal care and less social connectedness early in life led to less global DNA methylation. Using a number of molecular biology techniques, including next generation DNA sequencing, they found that markers with respect to maternal care and stress hormones were related to genes found in humans to be associated with aging and immune function.
Zachary said, "Our data suggest that maternal care early in life seems to matter, and that these social networks, particularly in the subadult (teenage) phase, matter in terms of DNA methylation and stress hormone concentrations." His pioneering research will launch future investigations into maternal care and the immune system. "There's some interest to dive deeper into the mechanism we found here and relate early-life social experiences to aspects of immune systems and ultimately to fitness."
Interdisciplinary Project Finds Groundwater Connection with Harmful Algae Blooms
Mariah Meek and collaborators obtain grant to develop fish species ID tool
Sam Ayebare Receives Fellowship from World Wildlife Fund to Further Biodiversity Research

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Khoa Le tucks with gusto into a steaming bowl of soup. Now 88, recently out of a too-long stay in the hospital, Khoa's appetite is as strong as his mind is sharp. We're seated with Khoa's granddaughter, Sasha Truong, in a popular restaurant in Garden Grove. Khoa's been recalling when he and I met in the mid 1980s during his busy days as president/CEO of the Southeast Asia Resource Action Center (SEARAC), a Washington-based national organization advocating for refugees and immigrants from Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Khoa is one of the most respected leaders to emerge from the then new and growing Vietnamese and Southeast Asian immigrant communities.
I remind Khoa of how helpful he was to me as a program officer of the California Community Foundation working to understand just where our limited grantmaking funds might have the biggest impact on improving the quality of life for Southeast Asian immigrants, whose numbers at that time were swelling due to a second wave of immigration. I tended at that time to see my work in a pretty close-up view. I only now learn from this conversation the extensive reach that Khoa had not just in Orange County, but also nationally and internationally. He frequently testified before Congress and briefed White House officials on effective refugee admissions policy and community development programs. He attended international conferences and worked closely with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to find humane and durable solutions to critical refugee situations. And he helped build a non-governmental network of groups that continues today helping immigrants fashion new lives – political, social, economic, cultural – in America.
Khoa would admit that a lot of conflicting views were in constant play during the initial years following both waves of immigration, the first coming in 1975 on the heels of the debacle of the Vietnam war. Even today, he acknowledges that his preferred take-it-slow diplomatic approach doesn't necessarily satisfy those who believe in hastening change.
I looked around me at the lunchtime clientele at Brodard Chateau, the restaurant where Khoa and I were meeting. I saw vitality and prosperity in the clientele, most of whom appeared to be of Vietnamese or Southeast Asian descent. If a restaurant ever reflected the surrounding community, Brodard Chateau that Friday afternoon certainly reflected Khoa's. I looked across the table at my friend, my immigration mentor, whose great gifts are the lived example of patient persuasion and a belief that time sculpts an immigrant's integration as much or more than the social programs and civil society that cushion a refugee's arrival.
And I looked across at Sasha, Khoa's granddaughter, serenely listening, spicing her grandfather's and my reminiscences with occasional thoughts hewn in the brilliant mind of a 26-year-old looking forward to a productive, contributing life while appreciating the present privilege of sharing a meal with the grandfather she clearly adores. Sasha's Cornell education and Oxford University MBA will carry her a long way. I realized as I looked at the two of them sitting side by side – knowing Sasha was not even conceived when Khoa committed himself to his 'peaceful evolution' approach – that it was for Sasha and her generation's success that Khoa devoted his life. He's the first to admit that much work remains to be done, including putting the finishing touches on the memoir of his journey from Vietnam to America. But he has a successor with an ambitious gleam in her eye who sees a generation ahead and will define and lead yet another generation after that. Sasha has Khoa. Khoa has Sasha. Always and forever.
Here in the most individual and human of terms is the experience and promise of immigrants that has shaped our country from the beginning, one now vividly at the center of political polarization and heated rhetoric. Here is both powerful history and promising future, together on the menu at Brodard Chateau.


text:
Palme winner leads Cannes in 'scream of happiness'
Cannes: Ruben Ostlund on Sunday led the Cannes Film Festival gala audience in "a scream of happiness" after he became the first Swedish director to win the coveted Palme d'Or for best film,since the prize was introduced in 1955.
"I can direct you now, after all, I won the Palme d'Or," the 43-year-old Ostlund said after the surprise win for his film, "The Square," a sprawling satire about bourgeois life, which sends up political correctness.
The story of the film centres on a contemporary museum curator -played by Danish actor Claes Bang – whose plans to mount a new exhibition run into trouble just as his private life spins off course.
"Contemporary art is like any other area. It can be good and bad," Ostlund told a press conference. "When you scratch the surface youfind out what is under the surface," he said.
"The Square" was one of 19 films competing this year for the Palmed 'Or, which was encrusted with 167 diamonds to mark the 70thanniversary of the world's leading film festival.
Ostlund, who launched his film-making career some 13 years ago,gained international prominence three years back with his hit drama"Force Majeure."
While Swedish filmmakers have won earlier versions of Cannes' top prize, a Swedish director has not won the Palme d'Or since its 1955 introduction.
Headed up by Academy Award-winning Spanish director Pablo Almodovar, this year's nine-member jury awarded the Grand Prix to French director and former Aids activist Robin Campillo for humane and moving "BPM (Beats per Minute)" about the Aids crisis in the early1990s'.
The Grand Prix is the festival's second prize, after the Palme d'Or.
"I did live some of the scenes myself," said Campillo recalling at a press conference how he had dressed the body of one friend who had fallen victim to the disease.
Cannes' third prize, the jury prize, went to Russian director Andrey Zvyagintsev for his film, "Loveless," about the greed and the self-absorption of Russia's middle class.
The movie is a dark and intense story about a 12-year-old boy whoproves to be an inconvenience for his parents during their acrimonious divorce. That is, until he disappears.
A one-time struggling actor forced to clean and shovel snow,Moscow-based Zvyagintsev's powerful indictment of ordinary people's struggle against a corrupt modern Russian state, "Leviathan," won Cannes' best screenwriter award three years ago.
Meanwhile, Hollywood's Sofia Coppola became the second woman in Cannes history to win the best director award, for her American civil war melodrama, "The Beguiled", starring Kidman and Farrell. — dpa
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Sudan to deploy troops in South Darfur after tribal clashes
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Philippines to start extradition process for NY plotter
08/10/2017 Oman Observer Comments Off on Philippines to start extradition process for NY plotter


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Statement from the Press Secretary | December 14, 2020 | Beaufort County Now | Today, the Department of the Treasury announced designations on two individuals from Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security for their direct involvement in the abduction, detention, and probable death of Robert Levinson. | President Donald J. Trump, dnlds wht hs, Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security, Robert Levinson
The Constitution & COVID19
Statement from the Press Secretary | December 14, 2020
Published: Monday, December 14th, 2020 @ 4:24 pm
Today, the Department of the Treasury announced designations on two individuals from Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security for their direct involvement in the abduction, detention, and probable death of Robert Levinson. It is clear that not only were senior Iranian officials responsible for Mr. Levinson's disappearance, but that they took deliberate actions to obscure their involvement through an extensive disinformation campaign.
With this announcement, the United States Government is initiating the first public actions against the Iranian government to hold them accountable for the abduction of Robert Levinson-the longest ever held American hostage. The United States will relentlessly pursue all others involved as the investigation continues.
Since the beginning of this Administration, President Trump has made it clear that Iran will be held accountable for its use of detention and hostage taking as a tool of "diplomacy" and that the United States will no longer accept Iranian excuses for what we know they have done to Mr. Levinson.
No family should ever endure the pain the Levinson family has for nearly 14 years. Iran is responsible and can end this nightmare by answering questions for which only they hold the answers. Any future talks with Iran must include resolution to this case. We stand by the Levinson family, and we will never cease in our efforts to bring justice for Bob and his family.
Happy Holidays From the Department of the Interior, Office of Intergovernmental and External Affairs News Services, Government, State and Federal Occasion of the 60th Anniversary Commemoration of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Statement from the Press Secretary | January 6, 20201
Antifa activists have brutally attacked our law-abiding friends, neighbors, and business owners, and destroyed historic landmarks that our communities have cherished for decades.
Published: Thursday, January 7th, 2021 @ 4:40 am By: Stan Deatherage
Message to the Congress on Addressing the Threat Posed By Applications and Other Software Developed or Controlled By Chinese Companies
Today, United States Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator (IPEC), Vishal Amin, issued the United States Annual Intellectual Property Report for 2020.
Published: Tuesday, January 5th, 2021 @ 11:58 pm By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: international emergency economic powers act president donald j. trump dnlds wht hs
Administration Issues Annual Intellectual Property Report
Published: Tuesday, January 5th, 2021 @ 6:51 am By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: president donald j. trump dnlds wht hs annual intellectual property report
President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Devin Nunes
On Monday, President Donald J. Trump will award the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Devin Nunes.
Published: Monday, January 4th, 2021 @ 1:25 pm By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: president donald j. trump dnlds wht hs nation's highest civilian honor
You are receiving the attached message and email below from Beaufort County's EOC as a method of keeping you informed about our county's response to COVID-19.
Published: Sunday, January 3rd, 2021 @ 2:35 am By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: beaufort county emergency services coronavirus updates covid-19 january 2 2021 cvd19
Presidential Message on National Stalking Awareness Month, 2021
Millions of Americans each year are victims of stalking, a disturbing crime that restricts an individual's ability to live a productive, peaceful, and fulfilling life.
Published: Saturday, January 2nd, 2021 @ 10:35 pm By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: national stalking awareness month president donald j. trump dnlds wht hs
Presidential Veto Message to the United States Senate for S. 906
I am returning, without my approval, S. 906, the Driftnet Modernization and Bycatch Reduction Act.
Published: Saturday, January 2nd, 2021 @ 2:52 am By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: president donald j. trump dnlds wht hs s. 906 united states fish stocks magnuson-stevens fishery conservation and management act
Presidential Message on National Mentoring Month, 2021
During National Mentorship Month, we recognize the selfless dedication and commitment of countless mentors across the country to the nurturing, leading, and uplifting of America's youth.
Published: Friday, January 1st, 2021 @ 6:36 pm By: Stan Deatherage
Search Terms: national mentorship month president donald j. trump dnlds wht hs
Statement by the President | December 31, 2020
Today, I have signed into law S. 3989, the "United States Semiquincentennial Commission Amendments Act of 2020" (the "Act"), which would amend the powers of the United States Semiquincentennial Commission.


text:
package com.treasure_data.model;

public class AuthenticateRequest extends AbstractRequest<AbstractModel> {

    private String email;

    private String password;

    public AuthenticateRequest(String email, String password) {
        super(null);
        if (email == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("email is null");
        } else {
            this.email = email;
        }
        if (password == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("password is null");
        } else {
            this.password = password;
        }
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Watch the ex cricket legend and Take Me Out star join Chris Harris as presenters for the 27th instalment of the motoring series.
The first look of Top Gear series 27 has arrived.
The teaser trailer gives fans a sneak peek of what's in store for the next instalment of the hit motoring show, including Freddie Flintoff and Paddy McGuinness riding a pimped-out Hearse.
Watch the clip above, where they put the newly-dubbed Undertaker to the test, courtesy of Top Gear.
Who will present the 27th series of Top Gear?
When will the 27th series of Top Gear take place?
So far, it has been confirmed that Top Gear will take place in Summer 2019.
What are the reactions so far?
So far the responses are very mixed.
However, others aren't so sure.
😂😂 I tried to watch the series after the famous trio left, but I think the nail in the coffin for me was Chris Evans & his querky presenting skills.
Am done with Top Gear? i like paddy and Freddie but not for this show. Matt Chris and Rory I was just getting use to fare enough I understood why Matt left for family. But the producer haven't got a clue anymore.


1. Information on how to enter and the prize form part of these Terms and Conditions.
3. The Promotion is open to all Australian residents aged 18 and over.
11:59pm AEST on Tuesday 21 st August 2018 ("Promotional Period").
case of an invalid entry or ineligible entrant.
AEST on Monday 27 th August 2018, the Prize will be forfeited and another winner selected.
● All Prize redemptions are subject to venue capacity and availability.
transferable or exchangeable and cannot be taken as cash.
description are the sole responsibility of the winner.
(as determined by the Promoter).
winners details being provided to Ballina Shire Council.
(including an entrant's identity, age and place of residence).
any stage does not constitute a waiver of those rights.
entrant, and the next best entry will be awarded.
right to cancel, terminate, modify or suspend the promotion, or suspend or modify a prize.
relation to such use and warrant that they have the full authority to grant these rights.
but not limited to a legal release and indemnity form.


We traveled 7 hours last night and arrived at our hotel, today we're going to Yellowstone National Park. We listened to about 20 minutes of a audiobook called Wonder. I'm going to finish Artemis Fowl today. We're about to leave our hotel soon and we went to the Buck Knife Factory yesterday and Isaac got a knife. Now I don't know what to talk about. So, the next post will be in Yellowstone!


Which is fairest, she or thou?
In this world of many woes.
Mother, to thy laughing boy!
As one who taught his soul true rest!
If you liked "To Ferdinand Seymour poem by Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Norton" page. You should visit the pages below.


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It's a scary word, sounding as if the numbers that some websites attribute to a specific college are the end-all and be-all of the value of that school. In a Sept. 10 email, University President Rev. Joseph M. McShane, S.J., opined about these very same 'rankings,' expressing his disappointment in Fordham's dwindling rank yet reaffirming his belief that this Jesuit institution is one that "offers its students a world-class education characterized by intellectual rigor and care for the whole person." Fordham has a certain reputation among some of its students that is not exactly golden. It is possible however that the very act of attending this school may skew our perspective of Fordham's actual quality. McShane is right: the numbers aren't everything.
I was once a doubter of Fordham myself. I did not particularly enjoy the fact that I went to this school. Having grown up in New York City, it was difficult for me to see the value of staying in the same place I'd lived in for so many years, and Fordham represented to me something of a prison; a cage rather than a cocoon. Still, not everything is as it seems. Allow me to share with you an experience I've had which has put my views on our institution in clearer focus.
Over the summer, I went to the National Jesuit Student Leadership Conference (NJSLC) along with a number of students from Fordham. Representatives from all 28 schools in the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities were present. A different member of the association hosts NJSLC every year, and this year it was hosted at LeMoyne College up in Syracuse, NY.
The conference's main theme was "collaborative leadership." This was an opportunity to learn from our Jesuit-educated brothers and sisters about the ways that their colleges and universities operated, mostly through lectures held by the students themselves. It was an excellent conference by most measures and there was no shortage of memorable moments.
The most pivotal of those moments for me might seem a fairly innocuous one. I was approached by a pair of students from one of the other colleges who, during lunch, asked me if I knew where the salad bar was. I pointed them in the right direction and joined them in the line, making small-talk along the way. They asked me where I went to school; I told them that I went to Fordham in New York City.
Never in our little sphere of NYC schools do students from Fordham ever characterize themselves as "smart" or particularly exceptional.
It was a completely normal conversation that those two students must have forgotten a few moments after getting their salads, but that line remained fixed in my brain. "He's one of the smart ones." It made me realize that there is something fundamentally wrong with the way that we perceive ourselves as a school. It made me realize that being in NYC means everyone who doesn't go to NYU or Columbia ends up comparing themselves to NYU and Columbia. And it made me realize that, outside of our echo chamber, people actually see Fordham as a good school.
I began to notice all of the other schools in attendance, ones I had ignored or not thought of very much. St. Louis University, with its astonishingly well-run student government; Creighton University, the hidden gem of the Midwest whose students were intensely gung-ho about sharing their experiences; Xavier University, whose students kept urging us to visit Ohio, "the greatest state in the Union"; and LeMoyne itself, which, in addition to its beautiful campus and excellent pizza, boasts the very first female president of a Jesuit college, a fact of which its students are very proud.
Something weird happened at NJSLC — something very unexpected. I started to see Fordham as part of a greater whole, started to see its unique attributes and little idiosyncrasies brought to light. Oddly enough, yes, I became proud to go to Fordham.
Fordham is better than you think — you just have to escape its echo chamber.


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FAQs: Tehreek-e-Adl 5/6
12th Feb '14
Is this Tehreek political?
Yes, it is a political movement; but not a political party. The challenge of bringing people to do justice is so huge that it's beyond the capacity of one party. We'd resist the temptation of forming a party. We'll appeal to all God-fearing elements in all political and religious parties that they spread the message within their parties and communities so peace and prosperity return to the country.
Is this Tehreek religious?
Yes. This is a Tehreek started by Muslims and aimed at majority Muslim population in this country. Muslims, despite having the knowledge, are the major and deliberate violator of Allah's limits. However, minorities in Pakistan have a constructive role to play – to bring awareness of justice to their communities – Hindu, Sikh, Christian, Parsi, will be included in the TA umbrella.
Does this Tehreek have a particular religious/sectarian slant?
No. The message is aimed at all sects of Muslims – Sunni, Shia. Similarly, all reliogio-political parties like Jamaat-e-Islami, Tanzeem-e-Islami, Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam, Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan and Tableeghi Jamaat will be encouraged to spread this message in their members.
How would be the nature of our appeal?
We would appeal to masses at logical, rational level, rather than just appealing to their emotions. If the message needs to be long-standing it needs to be a cognitive appeal.
Will we limit ourselves to influencing people?
Initially, yes. We will like to persuade people to do justice. Side by side, we'll work with institutions in the country to uphold justice and rule of law.
Our ultimate goal will be that a rule of law is enforced and the people feel protected.
See all parts in this series:
Why Tehreek-e-Adl? 1/6
What is Tehreek-e-Adl's message? 2/6
How Tehreek-e-Adl voluntary work is organised? 3/6
What is the adl/justice the Tehreek is asking us to do? 4/6
Tehreek-e-Adl: 'Survival' vs standing up! 6/6


Happy Friday, Sorry I didn't have a post up for you yesterday life got a little crazy at the Bond house. Today I wanted to do a post/video that would tell you a little more about me! I saw a friend on youtube make a video like this and I was able to learn things about her I didn't know, and relate to her better. Not to mention it was a very entertaining video.
I hope you guys enjoyed this video I know it isn't makeup related! So one of the reasons I started youtube and my blog was to get to know more beautiful people like yourself. So tell me a random fact about yourself or something we have in common?
I couldn't end this post without sharing my look of the day with you!
Today I wanted to do my sons three month update! I can't believe he is getting so big it is so crazy!
Durham Is doing some amazing things now! I have been trying to have Durham spend alot of time on his tummy! So he is awesome at tummy time, he will play on his tummy now and grab toys. He has even started really scooting back ! Its crazy he is also really starting to show his personality. He is smiling all the time if you just make eye contact he smiles. I can tell he is going to be so social because he is also talking like crazy!
Hyrum is doing so good with his little brother I am really impressed with how well they get along. Now that Durham is starting to play and starting to even sit in his Bumbo seat , Hyrum is getting so excited !
Durham has also been sleeping so great. Here is his schedule if you are curious!
So he has been going to sleep on his own. I just lay him in the crib while he is awake (which I have done since he was a newborn) and he falls asleep on his own. Which is great because then he doesnt ever need to " cry it out" or anything he sleeps in his crib on his own! Dont get me wrong it was hard because when they are newborns mommy is tired and its so much easier to just lay him in the bed with me. But I decided that no matter what I was going to lay him in his crib even if I was up every hour patting him or sticking his binki in his mouth. Finally at about 2 months he slept in their on his own and didn't wake up! So if your a new mom trying hard to teach your baby to sleep in the crib don't worry stay at it , it will one day just happen! I never let Durham cry for more than a couple min!
I am so proud of how well he is doing and how big he is getting! The doctor says he is in the 90th percentile for his weight and height which is amazing!
He is such a happy good baby I am so happy with this little guy.
Let me know what kind of things you want me to tell you guys about in these type of blog posts!?
Remember Beauty comes from within so let it shine!
Today is the perfect day to do a meet my baby blog post. It has been now 3 months and Durham has grown so big!
Durham was born on January 6 2015 He weight 8 lbs 14 ounces! Yes he was a really big baby, he was actually born on my due date which is pretty cool. His big brother Hyrum was born two weeks early so you can imagine my surprise that I made it full term.
So Durham is three months old now & am so glad that Hyrum is doing so good with him. Hyrum surprised me by absolutely adoring Durham since the very beginning ! I thought for sure he would get jealous but no he loves him to death.
Let me tell you I couldn't have asked for a more perfect baby! Durham is so quiet and just chill. He will just sit there and look around and watch , no fuss! He also now could be wide awake but when it hits 8 o clock I lay him in his crib and he falls right to sleep all on his own! It is absolutely amazing how wonderful he is. I can see the difference in personality between Hyrum & Durham, Hyrum is so silly and Durham is so layed back.
Im so excited for all of our future adventures with these two boys!
Dont forget beauty comes from within so let yours shine!
Today I have some exciting news! We bought a home! We are so excited about it , but the only thing is we need décor for it! So I decided to do a Home Décor haul for you guys to show you what I recently bought for my home. I will be doing several of these in the near future so keep a look out for these! When my house is finally all decorated then I will do a home tour as well! So theres lots to look forward to so make sure you stay updated.
So the style I am going for is Shabby Chic , I found that the most affordable way to go with this is checking yard sales & thrift stores. Why? because antique stuff is found there all the time for really inexpensive prices! For everything I bought it cost me only $30.00, its incredible! I am so excited to have the chance to redo my whole home in the style I like!
I will also be doing DIY as well because I need to refurbish some furniture & what not!
What is your home style? What is your favorite paint colors to have in your home?
I am going to start painting and redoing the flooring in my home starting in April so give me some advice!
So I am so sorry I have been behind on my pregnancy vlogs! Obviously I am not pregnant anymore but I did film some pregnancy vlogs before I gave birth. So I am going to be slowly putting them up for your to see if your interested!
So this is my 33 week pregnancy vlog/blog post & for some reason I cant find any of my belly shot pics! I am so sorry , but you can definitely check the video to see how big my belly is!
Stretch Marks? No New ones Yet although I can see two coming on in the front of my belly Oh NO!
Sleep? Still having a hard time sleeping , I wake up a lot!
Exciting Moment/ event? I am going to start getting my hospital bag together!
Miss anything? I miss sleeping!
Movement? Yes he still moves a lot in there specially when I lay down he kicks a lot!
Cravings? Hot Cheetos & Mama Chocolate fudge cookies!
looking forward ?having this baby!!!
So I hope you enjoyed this pregnancy blog post, the next one definitely has lots of pictures for you guys to see!
Don't forget beauty comes from within so let yours shine!
It has been so crazy since I last talked to you guys. So on Thanksgiving day my husband dislocated & fractured his shoulder. Then two weeks ago I got a cold which escalated to bronchitis then this last week my son got a cold and ear infections! Finally today we are both feeling much better and I can take some time to share a blog post! I am not 36 weeks it is crazy and this is only my 32 week pregnancy blog post I am so sorry about that! We are thinking the baby is coming either this week or next so I hope I can catch up before then . If I can't don't worry I will catch up!
So lets get started ..
looking forward ? to being done with the nursery so I can relax!
So thats it I will be doing a nursery / room tour & hospital bag post soon so keep a look out for that!
So today I wanted to share with you a Special Event, My Gender reveal party!
Since this is baby number two I wanted to keep the gender a secret and do a gender reveal instead of a baby shower. So I kept it a secret from my family and friends and finally got around to doing a barbecue / gender reveal party. So we made hotdogs and had blue and pink cupcakes. We also had pink lemonade and blue punch. we had fruit as well.
I made the invitation all myself on pic monkey just in case you were wondering. I also made picture props so that everyone could cast there vote of what they thought baby would be before we revealed it.
Then we went ahead and let the kids hit a piñata to reveal the gender, the candy inside was blue so it is a BOY! For some reason I don't have the pictures of them actually hitting the piñata sorry guys but here is our last family pic and obviously everyone and their mother thought it was going to be a girl!
We also did little prizes for those who guessed right! They were simple boy toys we got from the dollar store!
After we ate and we revealed the gender we all had a water balloon fight. It was so fun watching all the kids going crazy!
Gender Reveal was such a fun thing to do specially the pictures. I am going to put the pictures in Durhams Baby book that way he can see who thought he was going to be a girl or boy..
Sorry for the crazy pregnancy blogs I have been posting up, this is the last one then I will be caught up on these ! I will have another makeup blog up soon so don't worry! So this is my most current one I am 31 weeks pregnant right now!
Symptoms? I have been having lots of heart burn still. Now I am getting so uncomfortable even when I am lying on my sides. My nails are getting so flimsy and bendable. So I broke my nails, it is terrible! I am also having scary braxton hicks that last 2 hrs even when I am lying down. I also have discoloration of the skin so I have dark spots on the back of my neck, and legs. This is just something that will go away once the baby is born.
Weight gain/measurements? 174 lbs so I have gained a total of 34 lbs so far. I haven't gained from last week which is good!
Stretch marks? No new ones, although I did have a scare with a mosquito bite on my belly.
Sleep? I am starting to have insomnia I am just so uncomfortable all the time. Also I have to pee all the time and it is at the point where I can't wait to long or I will pee my pants.
Exciting Moments/event? I had my Gender reveal party! It was so fun, we did picture props to determine everyones vote !
Miss Anything? I don't miss being out of breath! Even when get in and out of the truck I get out of breath. I also miss long nails! My nails have been braking lately !
Movement? Yes he his constantly kicking me and flipping.
Food Cravings? I have been craving tamales and spicy food still. I also have been craving cookies and donuts! not healthy!
Gender? He is a boy! We are going to name him Durham and we are so excited to finally release the Gender!!
Labour Signs? Pressure lots of pressure and braxton hicks!
Mood? I have been emotional but not as cranky surprisingly!
looking forward to? I am looking forward to finishing his nursery I am almost done!
So do you think it is bigger than last week?
Beauty Comes from Within, so Let it shine!


Finding good Canadian web hosting or best companies to host your website is a long and usually a frustrating process! Here are some of the best providers to count on in 2018!
Are you worried that you can't really find a good Canadian web hosting provider? Well, don't worry as you are not the only one. There are so many people out there who experience the same problem. Luckily, we have a solution for you. We've decided to take things in our hands, analyze the best companies for web hosting in Canada and select the cheapest and most popular ones.
This company has been launched 15 years ago or in 2003 and since then it has been trusted by more than 15.000 satisfied clients including Montreal, GARDA, UQAM, Concordia, Aer Emploi, and etc. This company was rated by the Canadian Internet Registration Authority or CIRA as the number one domain and hosting service provider based on growth rate and management. It comes with modern and robust web hosting solutions that significantly help the growth of businesses of all sizes. WHC or Web Hosting Canada will provide you with a domain name, email, cloud servers, SSL, dedicated server, and, of course, Canadian web hosting. The starting price is $3.49.
This company is known for their high-quality services. With years and years of experience, background, and unique technology, CWH or Canadian Web Hosting meets the needs and demands of customers. The offices are located in Vancouver and have several data centers that are located across all Canada. Some of the most amazing features typical for this company are free website transfer and setup. SSL certificates free, data recovery with improved and increased efficiency, low latency, high performance and flexibility, certified engineers helping 24/7, PCI compliance with state of art data center, and virus protection.
There is no need to tell you who GoDaddy is as it is more than clear. This is probably one of the most popular domain name registrars in the world and this company offers high-quality web hosting solutions in Canada. Their hosting plans and packages are specially created to meet the user requirements of Canadian citizens. The starting price is $1 per month and you will also get a discount on registering a domain name. If you decide to use this hosting provider, you will get unlimited bandwidth in all plans, best hosting environment with best and fastest page loading time, and 24/7 customer support.
This company has more than 20 years of experience and there are 3 million satisfied clients from all over the world. They offer a website builder tool which is quite easy to use and you can build a website in just 3 steps. This is a perfect solution for startups and small business websites. You will get a chance to design your own site in a few minutes, a free logo design, multi-location solutions and servers, and excellent customer support 24/7. If you want, you can even promote your online business by email marketing, Pay per click advertising, and Facebook. The hosting plans come with hosting, domain names, SSL certificate, and online payment solutions.
Other Canadian cloud web hosting companies to consider are GreenGeeks, HostPapa, MyHosting, and 1&1.


Creating Multiple Websites And Niches? Why?
Can we start creating Multiple Websites and Niches? Why? Do we also need more that one Niche as well?
These are some of the questions asked by Newbies.
Having said that in doing so this can cause more headaches and problems when you first start and possible later down the track if you have taking more than you can chew.
Remember, you are the one who needs to keep up the maintenance of all your sites, the more you have the more work is involved.
The more frustrated you also will become in doing so. So when you first start off it may be wiser to start off with one maybe two sites max then as you learn more about how it all works you then earn that knowledge that will help you grow down the track with your online marketing venture.
The best way to start is to join as a free member where you will get those two free websites to get you going.
It is free to join the website hosting is also included.
From here you will go through the lessons in the Online Entrepreneur Certification Course created by the Kyle and Carson Co-Founders of Wealthy Affiliate.
Kyle provides many training videos there are Ten lessons in course 1 which is available to you for free plus a bonus course of another ten lessons normally reserved for Premium members.
There are more bonus and benefits you can learn about them by clicking here Get started.
As you can see you will learn all about from selecting a niche to creating a domain name and using that niche to create your own website.
There are multiple amounts of learning available to you plus so much more.
This is only a small part of what you will learn.
Seriously before you do anything drastic go through the lessons and the two free websites available to you learn how to create and find your niche and create your website.
The best option is to follow what Kyle, Co-Founder of Wealthy Affiliate shows in his Online Entrepreneur Certification Course. Kyle will show you the best way to learn and earn while you grow your website.
This course is available for all Starter members who wish to join Wealthy Affiliate for free.
Here you will find one constant word mentioned in the lessons which will be vital to your success I know you are capable of.
This word will be the key to either your success or possible failure.
You need to create quality website content to succeed.
Yes, other main words such as keyword and niche are being thrown around with your website be is a single website of multiple websites.
They too are also very important components for you to succeed in your online business venture.
However, no matter how good your use of a keyword(s) or selection of a niche(s) are or even multiple amounts of websites.
It will not bring you the success required for you to keep your online business running in the long term if you don't have great content.
You may have some short-term luck, but without great content ask yourself how long will your business succeed.
Wealthy Affiliate will help you go forward.
Trust in yourself take the forward steps in life for you are worth it and you will succeed when you strive to achieve.
Remember Elvis may be King of Rock n Roll but the content is King of Websites always is and always will be.
Put it this way, how are your visitors going to see your website if Search Engines such as Google (which is the main one) along with other engines like Bing/Yahoo and Firefox are going to find your website if your content is not that great.
Think about these options if you wish.
A) Would it be better to work on one website where you focus on writing great content and then being ranked in the first couple of pages of Google and other search engines whilst getting plenty of traffic?
B) Would it be worthwhile in having two or more sites of average content with little or no notice from Google and other search engines and getting hardly any traffic?
The pathway to success is only a click away.
You will also have access to the Bootcamp Phase 1 course as well.
As you can see there are many features you will learn as a Starter member which you get when you join.
Remember it is for free to join so you can test out the 7 day Trial as see if being successful online is you.
To join click the icon above to go forward with your own online business working as your own boss.
I wish you every success and should you need support we are always around to help you succeed along the way.
Copyright Learn Earn Grow Online Affiliate Marketing – 2014 – 2018. All rights reserved.


With unemployment being lower and the economy continuing to be strong, employers need to attract and retain employees. The threat of quality employees leaving is higher now, and I am sure there is some pent-up desire to change jobs.
Well-being is a significant focus, concentrating on physical, financial, and mental well-being. Over the next three years, 82% of employers are investing in well-being initiatives.
The survey isolates the best performing companies (48 of them) that have both costs and trends lower than the national average.
Best performers are estimated to pay $1,393 PEPY less than the average employer ($11,219 in 2018 compared with the national average of $12,612).
For perspective, a best performer with 10,000 employees is saving almost $14 million a year over similar size peers.
Healthcare costs continue to increase at a lower rate than ten years ago or so, but the increases are still above inflation. So even though the increases aren't near double digits, they are not palatable.
A Kaiser Family Foundation graphic shows that drug costs really peaked in 2014 and 2015, but have dropped considerably since then.
The large bump in drug costs during 2015 and 2016 was influenced by the Hepatitis C curative drugs as seen below in a graph from Kaiser Family Foundation.
Data analytics is also a best practice, as it is needed to effectively measure any programs or changes that are implemented. Data analytics can also determine the financial impact of making these changes, allowing employers to dip their toe in the water before jumping in.


Two dogs, Dubbin and Todd are going for a walk-before-breakfast but one of them, Dubbin, has wheels and can whirl along. The other, Todd, doesn't have wheels; he is much smaller and struggles to keep up. To make matters worse, Todd has brought with him a very large bone which is attracting some unwelcome company.Can Dubbin, Todd and the bone get safely home?
The illustrations are in water colour and gouache, with a grainy effect from rock salt crystals that captures the texture of pavements.
DOG ON WHEELS. I absolutely love it, and so will my grandchildren. It's energetic - and jubilant! Woof!
Children will love this story of a speedy skateboarding dog and his slower friend. Dubbin is eager to get out of the door even before breakfast, and can go wheeling down the street faster than feet on his skateboard. Todd gamely tries to keep up, taking his bone with him, which is a big mistake. He can't keep up, and then another dog steals his bone. Fortunately, Dubbin is fearless as well as fast and saves the day. The rhyming text rolls along as speedily and smoothly as Dobbin's skateboard wheels and both dogs are appealing characters. Well worth jumping on for a ride!
This lovely rhyming story is about two dogs, Dubbin and Todd who go off on an exciting adventure, on nothing other than a skateboard! Mia thinks this book is hilarious, it is fast paced, exciting and full of fun! The illustrations are really interesting as they have been done in watercolour with rock crystals creating a lovely grainy effect that really captures the details in the pictures. With such a lively story and the use of rhyming verse, this is a great bedtime read for children of any age.


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New York to Review Risks of Shipping Tar Sands Oil on the Hudson River, Area Train Tracks
Kate Kiely, 212-727-4592 or kkiely@nrdc.org
ALBANY, N.Y. (May 21, 2015) — The New York Department of Environmental Conservation today rescinded a previous attempt to avoid an environmental review of the impacts of a proposed expansion of a rail-to-barge transfer terminal in Albany. The decision is an indication that the state now plans to undertake a formal review of the project, which would facilitate shipping of tar sands crude oil along the Hudson River and state railroad tracks
A statement from Kate Sinding, Deputy Director of the New York Program at the Natural Resources Defense Council, follows:
"All you need to do is look at the spate of recent oil spills and fiery disasters that have erupted along river banks and train tracks all across the country to see that moving oil by water and rail comes with very serious risks. A tar sands oil disaster on the Hudson River, or on New York's rails, would be devastating for the environment, as well neighboring communities—just look at the cleanup of the Kalamazoo River in Michigan to get a sense of how ugly this stuff can be.
"As the oil industry pushes to bring risky oil transport ever-closer to our homes and neighborhoods, the state is right to acknowledge that the risks—from spills to air pollution and increased train traffic—warrant a closer look. We believe a comprehensive and robust environmental review will show that tar sands do not belong in New York—and we should continue moving in the direction of cleaner, safer energy sources."


LED Channel letters has became one of best brand recognition tools available in the market. LED channel letters are the best choice to identify a business because it can be used in indoor or outdoor malls, stand alone shop lots and it can get attention from people. LED Channel letters has different lettering types, fonts, styles, and LED or Neon illumination.
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text:
Q: Eclipse Mars doesn't start I installed the Eclipse Mars and some plugins.
When I try to open a new workspace (like the Figure 1) the eclipse stop and doesnt start. If I used another created workspace in my computer sometimes it works.

The Eclipse stop in this phase of initialization:

With the message:
Loading org.eclipse.emf.edit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
USEUROPEAFRICAASIA 中文双语Français
Home / Business / Macro
TPP should be open for China: Australian PM
Xinhua | Updated: 2013-08-27 10:51
CANBERRA -- The door should be open for China to join the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade talks, Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd said in a speech on the foreign policy into the federal election campaign Tuesday.
The 18th round of TPP negotiations were held in Malaysia four weeks ago, with Japan's entry taking the number of participants to 12 including Australia.
Speaking at the Lowy Institute in Sydney, Kevin Rudd said "that starts 'stateside' and ends up 'China-side' and wraps in as many economies as possible".
"I will urge all governments who are party to the TPP to leave the door open to the People's Republic of China in the future," he said. "This would be good for everybody."
The world's second largest economy, China, is not a part of the TPP -- which some politicians and commentators say is a major flaw of the trade negotiations, analysis from the Australian Associated Press (AAP) said Tuesday.
And at the Asia Pacific level, Kevin Rudd called for the East Asia Summit to include a new "regional disputes mechanism" in this speech.
"We must work with others in the region to build collectively a shared political, economic and security agenda -- a sense of common security across our wider region," he said.
Kevin Rudd also said it had been a "good year" for Australia, which has a seat on the G20 and will take over the chair of theUnited NationsSecurity Council (UNSC) this weekend.
"This government has got the big calls right for our enduring national interest with our wider role in the world," he said.
According to him, the UNSC role gives Australia "a direct say on how the world responds to key challenges to the world's peace and security." In his speech, he called the apparent use of chemical weapons inSyriaa "fundamental assault on all international norms".
On Tuesday morning, Kevin Rudd "discussed how to chart a way forward" with US PresidentBarack Obama. And theWhite Househas released a statement about the telephone conversation, saying "the two leaders expressed their grave concern about the reported use of chemical weapons by the Syrian regime against civilians".
Australia's Northern Territory
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4th World Internet Conference concludes
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China's Q1 economic data


Militants In Three More Settlements In Southern Syria Surrender To Army: Russian Defense Ministry 5 out of 5 based on 7 ratings. 7 user reviews.
Militants in the settlements of Umm Walad, Atbaa and Jebb in southern Syria have surrendered to the Syrian Arab Army (SAA), Major General Alexei Tsygankov, chief of the Russian center for reconciliation of conflicting sides in Syria, told media on June 30.
According to Major General Tsygankov, at least 250 militants have surrendered their weapons to the SAA and have decided to settle their status.
Meanwhile, militants in the town of Bosra al-Sham are about to make the same decision. However, the deal there has not been implemented yet.
Despite all these developments groups of the Free Syrian Army and the Syrian government have reached no fully-fledged reconciliation agreement in southern Syria despite the Russian mediation. So, the SAA, the Tiger Forces and their allies, which have already liberated over 275km2, have been forced to continue their operation against militants in the countryside of Daraa city.
Syrian rescue Operation from US backed terrorists.
5. December, 2018 to March, 2019 all Palestine will be liberated from US backed terrorists Israel.
At the moment these areas are with US sponsored terrorists Israel and ISIS etc.
Recently Jordanians have also played a significant role in reconciliation of Syrian militants.
Jordan is a terrorists supporter. May Jordan is pretending to have some credits to Syria forgets about his play in the destruction of Syria.
NUTANDYAHOO the Chicken Hawk wI'll be pleading and threatening his US puppets to intervene in southern Syria to save his precious stolen Golant Heights.Watch out for a major False Flag event coming soon.
Israeli terrorists preparing a chemical attack plot in south Syria.
The world is wise now to these antics – only the gullible will swallow it.
The gullible in the West believe what their Zionist masters tell them though .
Keep driving the Orcs out and liberating Daraa. They can surrender or they can die.
WOW, this is too good for Russia (it is making history in football games), and too bad for Spain (one of the great favorite).
Syrya force must reach Joradan-Syria border to stop the influx of terrorists supported by Jordan (weapons and care assistance).


Dr. Koki Shishido, Department of Cardiology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, 1370-1 Okamoto, Kamakura, 247-8533, Japan.
A 62-year-old female tourist without significant cardiovascular risk factors presented with acute chest pain. She came from the United States to Japan 5 days earlier by plane. When she had been transferred to our emergency department by ambulance, she was in cardiogenic shock, and her initial blood pressure was 63/48 mm Hg. The electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrated widespread ST-segment depression plus ST-segment elevation in lead aVR (Figure 1A). The echocardiogram showed severe hypokinesis of left ventricular (LV) wall motion with paradoxical interventricular septum (Online Video 1). The emergent coronary angiogram showed very tight narrowing in an anomalous left main coronary artery (LMCA) arising from the right coronary cusp (Figure 1B). A drug-eluting stent (Ultimaster 3.5/18 mm, Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was successfully implanted in the LMCA lesion with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (Figure 1C). Blood pressure, hypotension, and ECG change were recovered after primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Two weeks later, we could see the patent LMCA stent, which was sandwiched between the pulmonary artery (PA) and aorta by computed tomography imaging (Figures 1D and 1E). In addition, we could find a lot of thrombus in both pulmonary arteries (Figures 1F and 1G). We hypothesized that her LMCA was compressed between the ascending aorta and PA because the PA pressure had gone up suddenly due to massive acute pulmonary thromboembolism. Pulmonary thrombus improved by use of an anticoagulation drug a few weeks later. The echocardiogram demonstrated good LV function with complete resolution of the right ventricular dysfunction (Online Video 2). This case illustrates a very unusual etiology of myocardial infarction in LMCA.
(A) Electrocardiogram on admission (Online Video 1). (B) Emergent initial coronary angiography. Coronary angiography demonstrated a very tight narrowing in the left main coronary artery (LMCA). The left coronary artery (LCA) originated from the right coronary cusp (arrow). (C) Final coronary angiography showed a good result after stent implantation. (D and E) Anomalous LCA by computed tomography (Online Video 2). The LCA originated from the right coronary cusp (arrow). The origin of the LCA was very close to the origin of the right coronary artery (RCA). The implanted stent in the LMCA was compressed between the pulmonary artery (PA) and the aorta (Ao). (F and G) Pulmonary embolism by computed tomography. Computed tomography showed a big thrombus in both pulmonary arteries.
This video clearly showed paradoxical septal motion. In addition, it revealed diffuse, severe hypokinesis of the left ventricular wall motion.
This video showed resolution of biventricular function.
Revision received September 12, 2016.


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What are Hong Kong's Localists Angry About?
The clashes in Hong Kong earlier this week may on the surface have been about unlicensed food stalls, but were fuelled by a growing "localist" sentiment.
Localists champion greater autonomy for Hong Kong, and protection against what they see as the dilution of the city's identity amid growing social and political influence from mainland China.
But what is it that has made them so angry?
Hong Kong Indigenous is one of the main localist groups in the city
The localist movement is driven primarily by two loose groups – Hong Kong Indigenous and Civic Passion – which grew in strength in the aftermath of the 2014 pro-democracy protests, staging demonstrations and fielding candidates in political races.
Though Hong Kong has many pro-democracy groups, localists and their supporters are known for favouring direct action and not shying away from confrontation with authorities.
Growing income inequality
Sing Ming, a politics professor at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, says localists tend to be young people who cherish their Hong Kong identities, as well as those who face economic difficulties.
Government figures show that about 960,000 out of Hong Kong's population of 7.2 million live below the poverty line, making it the 12th most unequal place in the world.
There is a sense among localists that the government has failed to address the needs of the poor.
Mr Sing says some localists are "extremely dissatisfied" with the government's handling of this, and "may even think that the policies are the results of collusion between government and business".
Stinky tofu (pictured) and fishballs are among some of the more popular street food items sold by Hong Kong hawkers
Itinerant street hawkers, in particular, are seen as one symbol of the income gap as their trade has traditionally been seen as a way out of poverty.
But the government stopped issuing new licences in 1970s, and has conducted increasingly strict crackdowns on illegal hawking due to food safety and obstruction concerns, as was the case in Mong Kok.
Some localists believe these moves happened because of political pressure from property developers, who regard hawkers as a nuisance and eyesore.
Meanwhile, shop rents have grown increasingly expensive, which means food vending is now a dying trade. Many people believe the poor are being deprived of one legitimate means of income.
Civic Passion runs a Facebook news outlet called Passion Times
But some also see the clearances of illegal hawkers, as happened in Mong Kok, as a failure by the government to recognise how integral they are to local culture, and a sign that the government has grown out of touch with ordinary Hong Kongers' desire to preserve their unique identity and freedoms.
Hong Kong Polytechnic University lecturer Leung Chi-yuen, who has been studying hawkers for a decade, says the issue has become a "powder keg" in Hong Kong in recent years.
Leung Chun-ying is widely seen as a pro-Beijing figure
"The government has underestimated the socio-political environment," he says, and if it decides to further crack down "it will bring unforeseeable consequences".
'Out of touch' government
Politically, the current government, under Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying, is widely seen as pro-Beijing, a view that was reinforced by the crackdown on the 2014 pro-democracy protests.
Incidents such as the disappearance of five Hong Kong booksellers associated with a shop known for selling books critical of the mainland have only enhanced the perception that the city's freedoms are being eroded.
Protesters scuffled with riot police in Mong Kok
Former head of the civil service, Joseph Wong Wing-ping, notes that the government has been dismissive of its unpopularity and has pressed on with controversial decisions, such as its appointment of a pro-Beijing figure to chair a local university despite fervent opposition.
What happened in Mong Kok "may just be the beginning" of more violence to come, he says.
'Failed' Umbrella Movement
The perception of many localists is that after the collapse of the peaceful Umbrella Movement, more direct action is needed.
Two of the founders of key localist group Hong Kong Indigenous, Edward Leung and Ray Wong, told BBC Chinese last year that they regarded the Umbrella Movement as a "complete and utter" failure.
Mr Wong said that during the 2014 protests, "I saw with my own eyes the police inflicting unacceptable violence on unarmed citizens, releasing tear gas."
He added that the "use of force to prevent violence [from police]" was justified in order for protesters to protect themselves and others.
Ray Wong (left) and Edward Leung (right) are two of the founders of HK Indigenous
Both were at the protests in Mong Kok. Mr Leung has already been charged with rioting and in a Facebook post on Thursday, Mr Wong said he expected to be arrested soon.
"Once Hong Kong was the land of the Hongkongers, but as I grew older, I noticed that it is no longer the case," he said, saying he had gone to Mong Kok to protect the market.
"There are going to be more protests. But I urge you, my fellow Hongkongers, to persist."
By GRACE TSOI and TESSA WONG Feb. 11, 2016 on BBC News.


text:
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From 14 to 17 November THD was in Düsseldorf to participate in the Medica Fair 2022.


Marilyn Garner is the founder and Managing Attorney at the Law Office of Marilyn Garner, Principal Office in Arlington, Texas. Marilyn's three primary practice areas are Legacy Planning, Small Business Consulting and Bankruptcy. Marilyn represents individuals, families and small businesses in State and Federal Courts of Texas. Marilyn's expertise includes litigation, claims, trials, and hearings in all legal proceedings involving financial distress from excessive debt and Estate Planning issues. A highly important segment of Marilyn's duties includes compassionate individual counseling regardless of client stature.


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Galeodes subsimilis es una especie de arácnido  del orden Solifugae de la familia Galeodidae.

Distribución geográfica
Se encuentra en Turquía.

Referencias

Subsimilis
Arácnidos de Turquía
Fauna de Turquía
Arácnidos descritos en 1934


I saw online that there's a suite with a large tub and was wondering just how much larger is the tub compared to the regular size ones in the other suites?
I can only speak for the one I saw and it didn't look like anything special. I would ask the hotel.
The beds are very comfortable! I love everything about this hotel and can't wait to visit again soon!
How much time does it take to get from the hotel to DCs main tourist areas (Mall etc) by courtesy bus and public transport? Thank you!
Depends on the day and the location but somewhere between 15 and 40 minutes will get you to almost every tourist attraction.
not sure , i did see a dog there when we were there, if they do there is a upcharge for that i am sure. but the dog i seen was a working dog. hope that helps.. call hotel and ask..
The hotel offers a free shuttle to the Metro station. We were going to drive into D.C. then we thought about traffic and difficulty finding parking.. the metro was perfect and the kids loved the experience.


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Safety Means Fewer Oil Tankers, Not More
November 7, 2016 | Christina Smethurst
Media, No Tankers
For immediate release 07/11/2016
Investments in response less effective than preventing oil spills in the first place, say marine safety advocates.
VANCOUVER – The federal government appeared to be setting the stage today for approval of a major oil tanker expansion, with an announcement that failed to address two key platform commitments advanced by the Liberal Party in last year's election.
"Prime Minister Trudeau promised to put the Kinder Morgan expansion through a serious, science-based review. That hasn't happened," said Kai Nagata, communications director at Dogwood. "He also said he would ban oil tankers on the North Coast. A year later, we're still waiting for details."
Last night another American tugboat ran into trouble on the B.C. coast, losing a load of sand and gravel as its barge flipped in rough weather. Coast guard resources had to be diverted from the Nathan E. Stewart salvage operation to respond. The Nathan E. Stewart sank October 13, spilling more than 100,000 litres of diesel in a key food harvesting area used by the Heiltsuk Nation. Nearly a month later, it's becoming clear most of the fuel will never be cleaned up.
"These incidents show the only effective way to deal with an oil spill at sea is to prevent it from happening in the first place," said Nagata. "Yes, the federal government needs to invest in marine safety. But those gestures are meaningless if at the same time you exponentially increase the risk. British Columbians want fewer foreign oil tankers on the coast, not hundreds more."
Dogwood Initiative is B.C.'s largest citizen group, with 260,224 contactable supporters in the province. If the federal government approves the Kinder Morgan expansion, Dogwood organizers are committed to launching a province-wide initiative petition to block provincial permits for oil tanker projects.
Kai Nagata
kai@dogwoodbc.ca
Arie Ross
arie@dogwoodbc.ca


Sodexo's Better Tomorrow Commitments mean you can feel confident that when Sodexo is your dining and facilities partner on campus, you are getting the best for your health, for your planet and for your community.
These four areas are the main focus of our Better Tomorrow Commitments listed below. Many of the commitments overlap into more than just one of these areas. The commitments are shown below in the area in which they are most commonly strongly identified with, though they are all connected in our journey towards a Better Tomorrow.
Learn more about our Better Tomorrow Plan.


Contemporary style walnut internal flush door with a clever contrast of vertical and horizontal walnut veneers with an oak inlay. Supplied finished with a high quality varnish.
These sleek internal flush doors with walnut veneers are finished with a lustrous varnish finish. These doors are both premium quality and affordable, enhanced with matching 6mm lippings. Glazed door versions are supplied with clear safety glass finished with matching solid beads of timber. The range is also FSC® chain of custody certified.
These walnut doors are also available as FD30 Fire Doors, and there is also the option to order alternative door designs and sizes.