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Types of Biology Experiments
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What Is the Photosynthesis Equation?
By Gina Battaglia
Biology is the study of life and living organisms, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. Relevant hands-on biology experiments help improve your understanding and engage you in the learning process and are more enjoyable than memorizing terms from a textbook. Experiments investigate topics such as cell metabolism, genetic inheritance, photosynthesis and bacterial colonization.
Yeast Fermentation
All living cells must convert energy from large nutrients, such as sugar, into cellular energy to fuel processes and synthesize new molecules. While oxygen availability enables efficient cellular energy production, cells can also produce energy without oxygen using glycolysis followed by fermentation. This experiment investigates how different sugar concentration affects the rate of alcoholic fermentation in yeast, which is measured by the depth of the layer of bubbles trapped in foam at the top of the yeast.
Coin Toss Genetics
Children tend to resemble their parents because they inherit genes, segments of DNA molecules that contain instructions for making proteins. Each parent has two versions of a given gene, called alleles, and randomly pass one of these alleles to their offspring. This experiment will use two two-sided coins to simulate gene inheritance from two parents that are heterozygous for the gene, meaning that they both have two different alleles for a given gene. The heads side of the coin represents one allele, whereas the tails side of the coin represents the other allele. Toss both coins four times and record the resulting allele combinations. Repeat these four pairs of coin tosses two or three more times to determine the frequency of the different possible allele combinations.
Plants convert light energy into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. During this process, plants take up carbon dioxide and let out oxygen. This experiment will determine how the light intensity and color each influence photosynthesis rate, which is assessed by the number of oxygen bubbles produced by the plant. Place waterweed plants in a container with water and baking soda, which provides carbon needed for photosynthesis. Use a simulator, an instrument in which the carbon dioxide availability, light intensity and light color can be adjusted, to assess how each of these factors influence photosynthesis rate.
Bacterial Growth
This experiment cultures bacteria present on different surfaces on an agar plate. Agar is a common growth medium for bacteria because it isn't eaten by the bacteria growing on it. Use sterile cotton swabs to obtain bacteria samples from various locations such as your desk, the floor, your hair, your unwashed hand and your hand after using an alcohol-based disinfectant. Put each of these samples into individual agar plates, or you can divide a single agar plate into sections if supplies are limited. Observe the bacterial colony shape, size, margin edge, elevation, color and texture over the next several days using a microscope and/or photographs.
Serendip: Alcoholic Fermentation in Yeast
Serendip: Genetics
Biology Corner: Bacteria Lab
Biology Corner: Waterweed Simulator
University of Cincinnati Clermont College Biology: Photosynthesis
Gina Battaglia has written professionally since 2006. She served as an assistant editor for the "International Journal of Sports Medicine" and coauthored a paper published in the "Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research." Battaglia completed a Doctor of Philosophy in bioenergetics and exercise science at East Carolina University and a Master of Science in biokinesiology from the University of Southern California.
Stockbyte/Stockbyte/Getty Images
What Makes an Allele Dominant, Recessive or Co-Dominant?
The Three Stages of Photosynthesis
How Do Plants Store Energy During Photosynthesis?
Scientific Experiment Ideas for AP Biology
Photosynthesis Lab Experiments
How to Do a Punnett Square
What Is the Relationship Between CO2 & Oxygen in Photosynthesis?
What Provides Electrons For the Light Reactions?


Terence Rhodes, MD/PhD, is the Director of Immuno-Oncology for Intermountain Healthcare. In this role he works to leverage the unique resources of Intermountain Healthcare and partner with academic institutions and industry to develop biomarkers for immunotherapies. In addition, he oversees the effort to increase access to immunotherapy clinic trials. Dr. Rhodes graduated from the medical scientist training program at WVU. He worked at the National Cancer Institute under the direction of virologist Dr. Wei-Shau Hu with his PhD dissertation focused on retroviral evolution and recombination. After residency, Dr. Rhodes was fortunate to complete a fellowship at Duke University in hematology and oncology. His research efforts at Duke University were focused on the tumor microenvironment in colorectal liver metastasis. Prior to his recent appointment at Intermountain Healthcare, he had a busy successful clinical oncology practice where he gained a greater appreciation of cancer patients' many struggles, reinforcing the need for personalized therapy.
Although an active area of research, the lack of current clinical biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy comes at a significant delay in effective treatments and increased costs for the majority of patients who do not benefit from immunotherapy. Intermountain Healthcare's unique resources will play a role in personalizing immuno-oncology.


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Andrew Taylor in action. Credits @Lnphotos
From South Carolina, Andrew made his way down into Florida for some warmer weather during the Holiday season. His first stop was out at Jonathan Dickinson where he met up with Tyler Hawes to ride the new jump line called Bunker Hill. From there Tyler and him spent some time on the water with Tyler family before making his way through the Keys and Everglades for Christmas and New Years. On his way back North, he hit up the the pump track in Miami and then up and over to ride with some of the locals out at Markham Park. From there, he met up with Ryan McGary, Titus Nicholson and Chris Rizzon for a solid day out at Alifia and then ended his time in Florida at the Santos trails. Although Florida doesn't have a ton of elevation it still blew his expectations out of the water and is definitely a spot to put on your mountain biking hit list!
Check out the new video:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Taking tune from 'The Office,' Arizona mechanic helps save woman's life
Cross Scott didn't know any emergency training but thought of Michael Scott learning CPR to the 'Stayin' Alive'
A classic scene from a decade-old episode of The Office helped an Arizona mechanic save an unconscious woman's life.
The Arizona Daily Star reports that 21-year-old Cross Scott found a woman locked in her car this month and broke in, finding she wasn't breathing.
He doesn't have any emergency training but thought of the show where Steve Carell's character does CPR to the tune of the Bee Gees' song "Stayin' Alive." The song has the correct tempo for chest compressions.
Within a minute, the woman was breathing, and she was taken to a hospital and later released.
Scott, who shares the last name of Carell's character Michael Scott, had help from two women who also stopped when they saw the car and called 911.
WATCH: Michael Scott, played by Steve Carrel, performs first aid techniques
Crime Stoppers unveils a very Canadian mascot: Anonymoose
REPLAY: B.C's best videos this week


Billions of people around the world experience water shortage at some point each year. While water scarcity is often caused by natural causes that many homeowners have no control over, there are easy solutions to the problem.
Here are four sure ways to avoid water shortage at home.
A quick way to make sure you have enough water throughout the year is buying a large slimline rainwater tank available in the market today. Rain provides thousands of gallons of free and clean water that homeowners can take advantage of.
Just be sure to treat the water before using it, and make sure you keep the tank clean at all times.
There are seemingly harmless habits that lead to wastage of water every day. How many times do you turn on the tap and wait for minutes for the water to warm up before taking a shower? Millions of people do that every day, leading to massive losses of water on aggregate.
Refrain from leaving the tap on while brushing your teeth too.
A leaking pipe in your home can result in huge water losses at the end of the day. Monitor all cracks and holes in your plumbing system and have them sealed or repaired promptly. Fix dripping taps and toilets too.
Rather than throwing the dirty water away, look for smart ways to reuse it. You could reroute the water run-off from your clothes to use it for flushing the toilet for instance. Doing so conserves a lot of water in the long run.
As water shortage becomes a real problem around the world, finding ways to overcome it has never been more important. By harvesting rain and avoiding unnecessary wastage, you can beat water shortage in your home.


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Hello, I'd like more information about the listing I found on Homes.com at 192 Cornerstone Circle.
This home is located at 192 Cornerstone Circle Clinton, TN 37716 US and has been listed on Homes.com since 5 March 2019 and is currently priced at $195,000, approximately $117 per square foot. This property was built in 2007. 192 Cornerstone Circle is within the school district(s) Knox County Schools with nearby schools including Copper Ridge Elementary School, Halls Middle School, and Halls High School. Similar properties nearby are 189 W Norris Rd, 126 Cornerstone Cir, 187 Cornerstone Cir, 192 Cornerstone Cir, and 633 Sinking Springs Rd.


Ladycats and Bobcats face Wiggins on Tuesday night.
Estes Park High School girls and boys varsity basketball played host to Wiggins on Tuesday night. The Ladycats lost a close game, 42-34, and the Bobcats pulled away to earn a 90-55 win.
The Ladycats started strong and went into halftime with a two point lead. However, a ten point run by Wiggins in the third gave the Lady Tigers a lead they would not relinquish.
The Bobcats scored early and often against Wiggins. They came out with a quick start and earned a 28-9 lead after one quarter. The offense continued to roll for Estes Park and they cruised to a victory.


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The East Bay Modern Quilters are proud to present Stitch Modern 2015, our 4th annual quilt show at the Piedmont Center for the Arts. As a group, East Bay Modern focuses on modern design and personal expression through quilting. As a non-juried show, there are no hard rules – this is quilting our own way, whether it's with the latest fabrics and traditional patterns, or free piecing with no pattern at all!
March 27th – April 24th FYI – NEW CLOSING DATE!
Opening Reception – Join the artists for an evening of fun, food, and celebration. There will be a book signing with Sherri Lynn Wood presenting her new book, The Improv Handbook for Modern Quilters. Signed books by Roderick Kiracofe and Eli Leon will also be available.
Stitch Up – An afternoon of sewing in memory of Deanna Davis Come and celebrate the life and passion of our friend, Deanna, by helping to make quilts for her favorite charity, The Children's Quilt Project. Fabric kits will be provided, just bring your sewing machine or bring your own fabric donation. People new to sewing are welcome!
Stitch Modern 2015 is generously supported by Massdrop, a place where quilting enthusiasts can connect with one another, discuss their favorite products and activities, and buy those products together.
The East Bay Modern Quilters thank Fried & Williams for underwriting this exhibit.
Joe Cunningham in front of Patchwork Quilt, 2012.
The East Bay Modern Quilters are excited to announce that our Stitch Modern 2015 lecture will be given by Joe Cunningham. Joe began making quilts professionally in 1979. He approaches quilt making as a painter approaches a canvas. He is known, in part, for creating visual interest on his quilts with lines created with bias tape and improvisational quilting stitches. You can see some of his most recent work in this gallery.
Joe has studied with the quilters of Gees Bend in Alabama and been an artist in residence at the De Young Museum. He has published extensively on the subject of quilting, including 10 books and numerous magazine articles. His work can currently be seen in the exhibition, Man-Made: Contemporary Male Quilters at the Craft and Folk Art Museum in Los Angeles.
Join us to learn more about Joe Cunningham's fascinating career in the world of quilts. He will also be bringing some of his recent work to share!
Community Day is always a great hit at Stitch Modern. All ages are welcome to join the East Bay Modern Quilters for a fun day with textiles.
There will be fabric crafts and a bake sale hosted by the Piedmont Girl Scouts! It will be a great opportunity to explore the world of fabric and thread with your whole family, plus you can check out the quilts of the Stitch Modern 2015 show while you're there.
So, join us on April 19th from 12pm-2:30pm at the Piedmont Center for the Arts. This event is open to the public and the cost is FREE!!!
Modern quilts with a message: Designing quilt blocks for today's stories with Kathryn Clark.
The East Bay Modern Quilters are thrilled to announce that our Stitch Modern 2015 workshop will be taught by the artist, Kathryn Clark. If you don't already know her by name, I'm sure you'll recognize her series of Foreclosure Quilts which chronicled the devastation wreaked upon families and communities during the financial crisis. Her latest project is Block Lab, which revisits the roots of American quilting and updates it to reflect that which is important in the lives of quilters today.
We're no longer living in a world of wagon wheels and churn dashes. Why don't we have quilts that tell stories about today?
Traditional quilt block designs such as wagon wheel, churn dash and double wedding ring are popular patterns that are deeply rooted in the historic stories of America. It's time to reinvigorate quilt design and develop new block patterns that reflect our contemporary life and times. From water scarcity to technology, a lot has happened over the last few years in our world that's worthy of translation into a quilt. This workshop will help students develop their own block pattern based on contemporary topics of their choosing. We will spend the morning brainstorming and sketching ideas and then learn how to translate a design efficiently into a pattern block that can be developed into a quilt.
We will be working primarily in black and white in this workshop and Kathryn will provide you with your basic fabrics. Please check the supply list for all the other materials you will need to bring!
Kathryn Clark's work has been featured in such places as The Atlantic, Uppercase Magazine, Poppytalk (click here to see the article and view her beautiful studio!), and New American Paintings and her work has been shown in shows around the country. She will be teaching the Block Lab series at Arrowmont this summer, so we're getting a sneak peak of what she will be presenting there!
You can read more about Kathryn Clark and her work on her blog. Or, read more about her Block Lab series on her Block Lab webpage.
The workshop will be held on Saturday, April 18th from 10am until 4pm at the Piedmont Center for the Arts. We will have a maximum of 20 students, so sign up soon if you're interested!


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Rediff.com » News » SC stays NGT order, exempts two-wheelers from odd-even scheme
SC stays NGT order, exempts two-wheelers from odd-even scheme
Last updated on: September 17, 2018 18:47 IST
Two-wheelers and four wheelers driven by women plying in the national capital would be exempted from the odd-even vehicle rotation scheme with the Supreme Court on Monday staying the National Green Tribunal's 2017 direction which had made it applicable for all vehicles.
Under the scheme, which is currently not in force in Delhi, odd and even numbered vehicles are to ply on alternate days.
As per the Graded Response Action Plan for Delhi and the National Capital Region, the odd-even scheme comes into effect automatically whenever the particulate matter PM10 and PM 2.5 rises to 500 microgram per cubic metre and 300 microgram per cubic metre respectively for 48 hours.
The apex court's order came after the Delhi government said there were around 68 lakh two-wheelers and it would be "impossible to accommodate" the people in public transport if the odd-even scheme was made applicable for two-wheelers also.
The NGT had on November 11 last year said that "There shall be no exemption to any person, officer and individual and the two wheelers from the ambit and scope of odd and even scheme. They will be applied with equal rigour to all cases and all vehicles."
On December 15 last year, it had dismissed the review plea filed by the Delhi government seeking exemption for two-wheelers in the odd-even scheme, saying such a relaxation would defeat the purpose of improving Delhi's ambient air quality.
On Monday, a bench of Justices Madan B Lokur and Deepak Gupta was told by Additional Solicitor General A N S Nadkarni, appearing for the Delhi government, that besides the two-wheelers, they also wanted exemption for vehicles driven by women due to "safety" concern.
The bench issued notice to the petitioner, who had moved the NGT in the matter, on the plea filed by the Delhi government.
Nadkarni told the court that as per NGT's last year order, no exemption would be granted to any individual or two-wheelers from the ambit of the odd-even scheme.
He said that earlier during odd-even scheme, exemption was granted to women driving four-wheelers due to safety reasons.
When he sought a stay on the NGT's directions, the bench observed "there is no odd-even scheme now".
To this, the ASG said the scheme would be implemented automatically based on the level of PM 10 and PM 2.5 and the ensuing months of winter would be the time for it. "We want exemption for two-wheelers and women," he said.
Nadkarni referred to the number of two-wheelers in Delhi and said if the odd-even scheme was made applicable for these vehicles, around 25 lakh people would have to be accommodated in public transport which would be "impossible".
Seeking exemption for four-wheelers driven by women, the ASG said that "unfortunately" there were safety concerns and women cannot be asked to travel in public transport.
The bench accepted the submissions of Nadkarni and stayed the operation of NGT's order in this regard.
During the hearing, Nadkarni told the apex court that they were complying with all the directions of the NGT but want exemption for two-wheelers and vehicles driven by women from the odd-even scheme.
Related News: NGT, Nadkarni, Delhi, Justices Madan B Lokur, National Green Tribunal
Lessons to make odd-even policy more effective
What the odd-even scheme achieved


The keys are hidden within the game, and apparently changed every time a new patch comes out. I checked the first two by trying to activate the game in steam and got an error saying I already had the product. So I know they haven't been claimed yet. The offer stands until they are all claimed.
Xenonauts is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
Edit: it would seem all keys for the Warframe stuff have been taken, I'm sorry I was late on this one.
Fortified is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
Totally Accurate Battlegrounds is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
Seems to be a FPS shooter with roguelike elements such as random levels and permadeath. I've actually had my eye on it for a while.
Very nice game -- I bought it, ooh, 3 or 4 Steam sales ago.
Although a rogue-like, it is hardly unfair, but combat can be frantic.
While dodging carrots in-game you may find yourself moving and twisting on the edge of your seat.
Layers of fear is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
No ginakif today, but I'd like to point out a great deal on GOG.
Normal cost is $49.99, but it's on sale for %80 off, that's $40 off, which is not bad at all.
Normal cost is €29.99, but it's on sale for %80 off, that's €24 off, which is not bad at all.
Cuisine Royale is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
Sorry I'm so late on this one, had to do some work outside so I was away from my laptop.
Swords and Soldiers HD is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
Shadowrun Returns Deluxe is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.
YES! Of Orcs And Men at -85% off -- it is mine!
(*) = the goblin assassin who first appeared in Of Orcs And Men.
Battlefield 1 turning-tides dlc is free right now, get it now and keep it forever.


How long is Resident Evil 7: Biohazard?
Fear and isolation seep through the walls of an abandoned southern farmhouse. "7" marks a new beginning for survival horror with the "Isolated View" of the visceral new first-person perspective.


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Don't Touch or I'll Sue: American larp as national metaphor
Posted on March 11, 2013 by Lizzie Stark
This is the talk I gave at Solmukohta 2012, Gen Con 2012, and Wyrd Con 2012 on American larp as emblematic of US national values. It is based on my essay in States of Play(pdf), the 2012 Knutebook, as well as on some older blog posts about tall tales and US larp, and physical contact and litigiousness in US larp. It's a little rough — talking points to jog my memory during the speeches, but I think the bulk of the substance is there.
This talk was inspired by my 2011 visit to Knudepunkt, an art larp convention that rotates its way around the Nordic capitals. As I watched, tried, and learned about their way of larping, it struck me as really Nordic, in the stereotypical sense of the word – communal in important ways.
That got me thinking that if Nordic larp is Nordic, maybe American larp is American.
I had the idea that Nordic folk took roleplaying – which originated in America – and evolved it to fit their local culture. Perhaps the reason that American larp hasn't changed greatly since its inception is because it already had that quintessential American-ness about it.
So I went looking for American-ness – surely a slippery quality — in one of the games that I followed extensively for Leaving Mundania.
I looked at Americanness in larp in two ways.
The effect that American values have on larp
The American values that arise out of larp
*Disclaimer: The US is a huge and diverse country, with many different larp scenes – I can't presume to speak for all of them, and I don't presume to think that the idea of Americanness that I'm using is the only sort of Americanness. I did the bulk of my research on the Eastern seaboard between DC and Boston.
Knight Realms
Knight Realms – I didn't want to focus on generalities, so I decided to examine a specific larp, Knight Realms, which is a boffer campaign typical of US boffer campaigns.
Based in New Jersey
Has been running since 1997, meeting about once per month
Events typically last a weekend, and take place at a Boy Scout or Girl Scout campground in the tri-state area.
It's well attended – 150-200 people regularly show up for events.
The setting is medieval fantasy, and it uses boffers – padded weapons – for combat.
Most plots revolve around NPCs, non-player-characters, who attack or offer puzzles. Player versus player action is permitted but not encouraged.
It's got a ton of rules – more than 166 web pages worth.
US Culture's Influence on Knight Realms
How American Culture affects Knight Realms on a structural level:
Litigiousness. Lawsuits, and legal liability, real or threatened, are a facet of life in the US. (explain attractive nuisance tort). And they create incentives to run larp as a business.
Litigiousness creates a high financial bar
KR takes out liability insurance, which costs money.
Litigiousness means that someone must be legally liable for stuff that might go wrong:
So it makes sense to incorporate larp, so that the corporation and not the person is liable.
So our cultural litigiousness makes running larp expensive, and encourages organizers to incorporate themselves. In short, cultural litigiousness creates an incentive for organizers to run their games as businesses.
Litigiousness affects the stories told in game:
implied no-touching rule, which means that some themes, like say, love, aren't typically played. This is true at KR. If players want to play romance among each other, they can, but it's not something that's part of the game plot.
Running larp as a business affects the game dynamics at KR via the following:
Death systems
Players sink time and money into their characters in the form of admission fees, event attendance, and costumes. From a business point of view, if a character permanently dies, that represents a player's lost investment in the game. So at Knight Realms there's a forgiving death system – everyone is allowed five deaths.
Inheritance from one character to another.
If you retire a character (or the character dies the last death), the investment isn't toally lost – you can role over a percentage of skillpoints to your new character. This means that new characters aren't always low level – keeps the social structure rigid
No end of the world plots
They're a staple of high-fantasy literature, but in order for the game to be interesting, the players must have the chance to succeed or fail at any given plot. If the players fail at a world-ending plot, the game has effectively written itself out of existence, and that's not in the business model.
An anti-realist tradition in larp:
We've got an anti-realist tradition. If you want realism – go find some reenactors, because in general, you won't find clearly consistent worlds with hard historical underpinnings in larp.
The Setting: Disneyland style; atmosphere as pastiche.
Knight Realms, while set in the 1200s, isn't historically accurate in setting. It's really a pastiche of medieval fantasy movies, myth, and history, and because of that, you'll see many different sorts of dress among the characters. The owner, James C. Kimball, spends a lot of effort trying to make things look medieval, trying to evoke the medieval era without necessarily replicating the medieval era.
I've got a theory about this phenomenon: Maybe this is because we don't live alongside our history the way, for example, that Europe does. Therefore, larps set in older time periods necessarily require suspension of disbelief.
This is echoed by the game reality. because things have to go back to normal between games, there's not much institutional memory within campaign larps.
Tendency to play hyperbolic characters – mighty heroes, not ordinary people…even though we're a democratic country that deifies folksiness (eg Joe the Plumber) The dream is to be an exceptional person who will achieve extraordinary goals – someone who can get ahead.
This hyperbole is written into the KR rules put it, "Every PC in this game is a 'hero' in the Knight Realms world. They are above and beyond the normal man."
The irony at Knight Realms, of course, is that everyone is exceptional by definition – we're all heroes above mortal man; it's a new form of equality, and one that by design can't satisfy the desire to be the center of attention.
I see it as fitting in with the only national myths we have; the tall tales from the frontier, which tell of exceptional people doing exceptional things – Pecos Bill riding a giant cat fish down the Rio Grande – Paul Bunyon clearing redwood forests with a sweep of his hand, and so on.
Liberal-minded anxiety also affects how we play Racism and classism – we come from a country where "anyone can grow up to be president," as the rhetoric goes, a country that prides itself on offering equality and freedom and upward mobility. So racism and classism make us profoundly uncomfortable
The US has a fraught relationship with race and racial dress up. Playing race produces liberal minded anxiety.
It's more common to see larps with green people and blue people than with black, white, and Hispanic people. This is certainly true at KR.
When racism is played at KR – and it's written into some racial descriptions – it typically isn't played, except among friends. Or when it is played, we get a Mary Sue type plot to the effect of "it's not right to make the Khitanians live on one side of town." In other words, KR plays racial stuff that we settled in the 1960s – most games don't touch current issues of racism because they are seen as too explosive, or because they're too complex.
Class culture.
In the US, we like to think that class isn't a thing. The idea of upward mobility, regardless of class, is linked into how we construct our national identity. Even when we're pretending to live in medieval times, it's hard to overcome the idea that we're all equal.
Travance, the barony where Knight Realms takes place, is ruled by nobility. Real medieval nobility inherited their titles, but at Knight Realms, it's a meritocracy – nobility gain titles through acts of bravery and by proving, out of game, that they are responsible enough to handle a role important to the plot.
How Knight Realms Reflects US Cultural Values
So that's the background for the rest of the talk. I wanted to talk a bit in general about some cultural forces that shape larp in the US, and how those elements effect KR directly. Now, I'm going to talk more in depth about how the elaborate rules systems of Knight Realms, and games like it, reflect American values.
We love us some rags to riches stories in America. We love stories about people who start out at the bottom of the social order and head to the top in one generation. And we pride ourselves of being a nation in which upward mobility is possible, where hard work and the protestant work ethic pay off, because everyone starts on an equal playing field. That's the rhetoric, at least.
Excessive rules help create a similar atmosphere in game.
Why do we have rules?
Emma Wieslander says organizers introduce rules whenever they want player and character to experience something differently. E.g. death. (see Beyond Role and Play)
That may be a fine description for rules-light Nordic games. But it doesn't explain why Knight Realms has rules for stuff like reading, which isn't physically impossible or unsafe to other participants.
I think that the excessive amount of rules at games like Knight Realms create equality.Take the literacy skill at KR. In real life, my literacy skills are pretty awesome – I've got some graduate degrees. And a book! But in game, I'm no different from a 14-year-old high schooler playing a warrior until my character uses a point to obtain literacy. In effect, the literacy mechanic deprives me of my educational advantage. It means that the 14-year-old and I start the game on equal footing. I'd connect this to an American vision of equality
The American Vision of Equality
We think if "equality" as equality of opportunity, not equality of access or outcome.
The 14th Amendment of our Constitution says, for example, that the law must treat people equally. The law's equal treatment of citizens, this supposed lack of structural boundaries to success is supposed to give every citizen the much-vaunted equal playing field. If we're all beginning at the same starting point, then we succeed or fail by virtue of how much effort we put in.
So Knight Realms' rules ostensibly evoke equality of opportunity – the large amount of rules create an equal playing field, they try to promote the meritocracy of the game, which is something players are very concerned about.
So the rules create an equal playing field. But elaborate numeric systems also imply leveling up.
The rules also imply leveling up – if I have +5 strength, I want to know when I'll get +6 strength.
At KR, they keep track of levels in the form of build(explain how build works, that it's the raw stuff of character creation that you can spend by investing in stats, skills, or professions. For every 10 build you invest, you gain one level)
You can get extra build through:
paying more
doing service for the game
excellent roleplay.
However, because KR doles out build for event attendances, characters will inexorably gain power and influence whether they take advantage of the extras or not.
In other words, KR characters follow the path of the ideal American immigrant.
The Rags To Riches Myth
The Emma Lazerus poem on the statue of liberty says, "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free." The implication is that we'll take them in, and through the magic of capitalism and democracy, (and if they're good immigrants who follow the rules) make them rich and awesome over the course of one or more generations. That's the American dream – to work hard and get ahead.
Tied into this is our rags to riches myth – we love to hear about people who go from immigrant to famous in one generation. Eg Obama, Sotamayor, Jay-Z.
So games like KR mirror the path of the ideal immigrant. When we enter a new game, we leave behind our everyday worries, our community relationships, and our very conception of self—in favor of taking on a new identity and new position within the game world. If the rules strip players of their natural abilities, then new characters—the huddling masses immigrating to a new, fantastical world—enter the game virtually naked, without many health points, skills, or protections. Over time, players who follow the rules – making real-life investments of time (event attendance), money (costuming and admission fees), and talent gain influence in game, their road to power conveniently quantified by level.
Achieving the American dream isn't easy in real life. It requires hard work, ingenuity, old-fashioned gumption, and no small amount of luck – how many people are still living in the projects for every Jay-Z or Sonya Sotomayor? However, at Knight Realms, power, wealth and influence inevitably accrue to players who simply show up; leveling up is the perfected, democratized version of the American dream in which everyone is exceptional enough to "make it."
So in conclusion – America's culture of litigiousness impacts game play both structurally – creating incentives for larps to run as businesses, which in turn impacts storylines through forgiving death mechanics, continuous plots, and lack of touching.
America's complex relationship with history and cultural rhetoric of equality mean that accuracy in setting, race and class aren't motivating goals.
Finally, elaborate rules systems enforce in-game equality among players and enforce a certain kind of meritocracy in which hard workers get ahead, recreating the American rags-to-riches trope.
This entry was posted in Blog, Larp and tagged American Dream and larp, american larp, Knight Realms, Knudepunkt, larp theory, nordic larp by Lizzie Stark. Bookmark the permalink.
7 thoughts on "Don't Touch or I'll Sue: American larp as national metaphor"
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Rafu on March 11, 2013 at 6:24 am said:
This is a supremely interesting analysis! Thank you for sharing your notes.
Lizzie Stark on March 11, 2013 at 11:42 am said:
Thanks for the kind words. Glad you found them helpful.
Amy Fox on March 12, 2013 at 6:37 am said:
Brilliant. And much-needed, to understand why we tell some stories but not others.
Jamie Hall on October 25, 2013 at 6:10 am said:
Re: the idea of rules creating equality, are you able to show that traditional tabletop rules like D&D introduced rules for the sake of equality? In my opinion, most of the overcomplicated larps simply inherited the complex rules of games like D&D, often by trying to directly port the rules from the table to a live format.
The result of those rules, IMO, is actually institutionalised *inequality* – the capacity of the player to accrue skill points or levels, or whatever, and pass a % on to their next character, means that the people joining the campaign will never achieve the levels of those who started early.
This might be different if, say, a game focused on things like literacy and historical knowledge, but where fighting is the focus of the rules (and it so often is), the attempt to create equality through rules fails. You end up with 4 types of player:
> Crap at fighting, no skills
> Crap at fighting, lots of skills
> Good at fighting, no skills
> Good at fighting, lots of skills
Without rules, people are either crap at fighting or good. With the rules, the differential becomes more significant.
Lizzie Stark on November 5, 2013 at 12:51 pm said:
I don't think I have to show that traditional tabletop rules were knowingly used to create equality in games, sort of like I don't need to show that upper management of a big company is sexist when talking about sexism in the workplace. Both the upper management's sexism, and the equality produced by tabletop style rules (in tabletop or larp) are entrenched and not necessarily conscious.
But that does not mean that they aren't products of larger cultural values that have gone unexamined or are invisible to people who work within the system.
khavren on October 25, 2013 at 12:50 pm said:
While Your Points Still Stand, Kr Has Some Legacy To Its Ruleset And Game Design, As It Was Inspired By LAIRE Which Was Inspired By NERO. I Have No Idea Why My Phone Capitalized Every First Letter.
Larp nordic larp larp theory Leaving Mundania how to larp Knutepunkt Aaron Vanek Fastaval freeform Michael Pucci jeepform Emily Care Boss Anna Westerling Geoffrey Schaller social justice in gaming Sarah Lynne Bowman first timers' guide Jason Morningstar J. Tuomas Harviainen Mad About the Boy


text:
Q: ¿Datetime-Local a formato Y-m-d H:i:sP'? Estoy trabajando sobre angular y estoy guardando la fecha de dos datetime-local con un ng-model
<input type="datetime-local" ng-model="column_Data.date_Start" placeholder="yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss" min="2014-01-01T00:00:00">

y luego lo estoy enviando por medio de http a el controlador para hacer una consulta que seleccion la fecha inicial y la fecha final de la consulta
$column_DB = DB::select("SELECT ".$Dato1." as dato, horaSistema FROM albatros_db2.".$Dato2." where horaSistema >= '".$date_Start."' and horaSistema <= '".$date_Finish."'");

el problema es que cuando recibo los datos con el ng-model me aparece con este formato
Fri Jun 02 2017 10:01:38 GMT-0500 (Hora est. Pacífico)

no tengo la menor idea de porque me llega ese formato y como puedo cambiarlo a un formato mas manejable
Actualización Controlador Angular
//Se obtiene las columnas de cada tabla
$scope.getColumn = function ()
{
    $scope.dataservice.data_Modify = [];
    var num_Column = 0;

    for (var i = 0; i < $scope.saveData.Column_Select.length; i++)
    {

        //Pedido a la ruta Reporte/consult_Report
        $http({
            method: 'GET',
            url: 'consult_Report' + 2 + "," + $scope.saveData.Column_Select[i].column +","
            +$scope.saveData.Column_Select[i].table+","+$scope.saveData.Column_Select[i].date_Start+","
            +$scope.saveData.Column_Select[i].date_Finish+''
        })
            .then(function (response)
            {
                $scope.data_Final = new Object();
                var value_Column = [];
                var date_Column = [];
                //Se recorre el objeto y se guardan los datos
                for (i_Data = 0; i_Data < response.data.length; i_Data++)
                {
                    value_Column[i_Data] = response.data[i_Data].dato;
                    date_Column[i_Data] = response.data[i_Data].horaSistema;
                }

                $scope.data_Final.name = $scope.saveData.Column_Select[num_Column].column+"--"+$scope.saveData.Column_Select[num_Column].table;
                $scope.data_Final.values = value_Column;
                $scope.data_Final.date = date_Column;
                $scope.dataservice.data.push($scope.data_Final);
                $scope.dataservice.data_Modify.push($scope.data_Final);

                num_Column = num_Column + 1;
            });
    }
    translation_Menu(3);
};

A: Es la fecha por defecto en JavaScript si no me equivoco, y creo que es independiente del formato también.
En mi caso, uso una función como esta para convertirla:
function formatoFecha(fecha) {
    var d = new Date(fecha),
        month = '' + (d.getMonth() + 1),
        day = '' + d.getDate(),
        year = d.getFullYear();

    if (month.length < 2) month = '0' + month;
    if (day.length < 2) day = '0' + day;

    return [day, month, year].join('-');
}

Te dejo un ejemplo en plunker:
http://plnkr.co/edit/tpl:CR2TtS1zz9wFGgsl5z2c?p=preview
Puedes quitar o agregar información en esa función para que el formato se corresponda a tus necesidades.
Espero que esto sea de utilidad. En caso contrario, no dudes en preguntar todas las veces que necesites.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Map get value query if we retrieve value from Map and then  we do some  changes ,
so we again need to put that object back on Map
for ex
       Human human  = (Human ) domainObjects
            .get(Constants.Human;
       human.setName("Vish");

   domainObjects.put(Constants.Human, human);

Or as we are passing the reference of object,the changes will be also present in the domain object even without using Map put function

A: Map returns a copy of a reference to the underlying object. Not a copy of the object. When you call setName you are changing the object.
It would appear you should be using enums for you Constants or plain classes.
Map<EnumType, Object> map = new EnumMap<EnumType, Object>(EnumType.class);
Human human = (Human) map.get(EnumType.Human);

or
Map<Class, Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<Class, Object>();
Human human = (Human) map.get(Human.class); // no need for a constant.

A: No need to put it again. changes will be on the single object.

A: *

*If you get an Object from the HashMap, it is passed to you as a reference and thus any call to its methods will affect the object contained in the Map.

*Note however that a new instanciation will not affect the Object contained in the Map.

Example:
Map<Integer, Human> map = new HashMap<Integer, Human>();
map.put(1, new Human("Toto"));

Human human = map.get(1);
human.setName("Tutu");
human = new Human("Tata");

System.out.println(map.get(1).getName()); // "Tutu"
System.out.println(human.getName()); // "Tata"

A: Java works with reference to Objects, not with primitives thou. So you will be working with the same "memory chunk" all of the time. Changes are visible in all variable that points to that object.

A: NO. you need understand two concepts, variable and object, and know java is passing object by reference.
'human' that you write down and declared in you .java source file is a variable ,
in run time, 'human' variable is a reference to some object.
so any method return value is  actually  a variable that refer to a object. (basically, most time, in simple case ...)
when you call variable.method(), it actually tell jvm to invoke the referenced object's method.
in you case, it is update the object (that refer by 'human' variable ) 'Name' field with value 'wish'


text:
← Replay of Patrick Lalley Show
Huether's advice, "Don't read the Blogs." →
South DaCola Podcast 17: Sioux Falls Election Post-Mortem
May 7th, 2018 | Sioux Falls, South DaCola Podcast
We crush it over the city election and bizzo. LISTEN HERE.
1 comment so far ↓
#1 "Very Stable Genius" on 05.08.18 at 12:37 am
ThuneHaken was inevitable and as long as voters allow themselves to fall victim to "Rock Star Politics," then we will be forced to accept and suffer the fate which comes from such a reality or rather illusion.
This hunger for a "Rock Star" comes from a premise, which is now false. It comes from a past premise that was held up by an understanding or confidence that we had a very healthy middle class with all of the political trappings which come with such a reality, which in turn allows voters to vote for inspiration and aura over substance and self-preservation.
This false premise is further bolstered by a growing upper middle income sector, which will never be as large as the once middle class, yet big enough to matter as it naturally aligns itself with the 1%, while it becomes more distant overtime to the many below as from generation to generation this upper middle income sector becomes further removed from the realities of access to opportunity, honesty concerning oppression, and the pain of poverty itself; and in the meantime, they are further bolstered by a mistaken and collapsing middle class which stills wishes to believe what it once believed, which is that it is still a part of the winning side. But for the collapsing middle class the only win is the euphoria of the victory through the amazement of a "Rock Star" victor, whose means led them to a precarious victory at best, but whose end will not be for the benefit of the many or the collapsing middle class and those beneath them….


text:
Un cristallo ionico è un cristallo formato da ioni legati insieme da attrazioni elettrostatiche di tipo coulombiane. Esempi di tali tipi di cristalli sono costituiti dagli alogenuri dei metalli alcalini come il cloruro di sodio (NaCl), che forma una struttura cubica compatta con numero di coordinazione  6:6. Un cristallo ionico è necessariamente formato da una tipica successione alternata di cationi e anioni ciascuni presenti in quantità tale che sia assicurata l'elettroneutralità globale.

Questo genere di cristalli, essendo gli ioni localizzati in posizioni fisse all'interno del reticolo, non è in grado di condurre la corrente elettrica. Diventano invece conduttori allo stato fuso e in soluzione, essendo gli ioni liberi di muoversi. Sono altresì caratterizzati da una certa fragilità legata allo scorrimento dei piani cristallini. Hanno elevato punto di fusione, il che rende conto dell'entità della forza dei legami implicati.

Voci correlate
 Composto ionico
 Cristallo
 Cristallo molecolare

Collegamenti esterni

Chimica dello stato solido
Cristallografia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Wednesday, January 22/2020
2019-07-18 17:59:16Novosti-Armenia News Agency launches new special project - Food&Wine
2018-09-22 13:17:44Zigzag LLC announces preorder of new iPhone Xs and Xs Max in Armenia
2018-05-18 18:28:28Armenia's top 10 most profitable credit organizations
Insurance market
Сurrency market
Anticrisis
Ardshinbank signs $25 million trade finance facility with Citi and ADB
YEREVAN, December 15, /ARKA/. Ardshinbank has signed a $25 million one-year Club Trade Finance Facility arranged by Citi with Asian Development Bank (ADB). ADB is supporting a portion of the facility through their Trade Finance Program (TFP) in the form of a guarantee, Ardshinbank said in a press release.
It said this is the first Club Trade Finance Facility arranged by Citi for Ardshinbank. Proceeds of this will support import and export transactions for top corporate customers of Ardshinbank, increasing the volume and value of trade transactions in Armenia's key economic sectors, including energy, mining, and services.
"We are pleased to be at the forefront of providing much needed trade finance products to our corporate and small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) clients. It will not only diversify and strengthen our client base, but also serve our purpose to contribute to sustainable economic growth in Armenia," said Mher Grigoryan, Ardshinbank's Chief Executive Officer. "I would like to thank Citi, our long-term partner, and ADB for a fruitful collaboration and successful completion of the transaction."
"We aim to deliver bespoke and best in class trade solutions at Citi. The firm's global reach and expertise in financing trade flows puts us in the ideal position to help support progress and growth in developing markets," said Chafic Haddad, EMEA Head of Financial Institutions and Correspondent Banking, Treasury and Trade Solutions at Citi.
"By facilitating this landmark Club Trade Finance Facility for Ardshinbank, we have been able to form a partnership with a number of industry professionals to ensure we can provide the ideal solution for Ardshinbank's trade financing needs."
"ADB is delighted to be part of this transaction with Ardshinbank and Citi," said Nana Khurodze, Relationship Manager at ADB. "Through this facility, Ardshinbank will be able to grow its trade finance operations to support more importing and exporting companies, including small and medium-sized businesses. This will support growth and job creation in Armenia."
ADB's TFP in Armenia has supported over $55.9 million in trade through 159 transactions since 2012, 95.6% of which have been SME-related deals.
Ardshinbank is a leading Armenian bank with a wide sales network comprising of 64 branches. It offers a broad range of services to corporations, SMEs, and individuals. It is the only private entity in Armenia with assigned ratings from two international major rating agencies—Moody's and Fitch—equal to the rating of Sovereign.
Citi, the leading global bank, has approximately 200 million customer accounts and does business in more than 160 countries and jurisdictions. Citi provides consumers, corporations, governments, and institutions with a broad range of financial products and services, including consumer banking and credit, corporate and investment banking, securities brokerage, transaction services, and wealth management.
ADB, based in Manila, is dedicated to reducing poverty in Asia and the Pacific through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Established in 1966, ADB is celebrating 50 years of development partnership in the region. It is owned by 67 members—48 from the region. In 2016, ADB assistance totaled $31.7 billion, including $14 billion in co-financing.
The Trade Finance Program (TFP), backed by ADB's AAA credit rating, provides guarantees and loans to over 200 partner banks to support trade, enabling more companies throughout Asia to engage in import and export activities. With dedicated trade finance specialists and a 24-hour response time, the program has established itself as a key partner in the international trade community, providing fast, reliable, and responsive support to fill gaps in the region's most challenging markets. Since 2009, TFP has supported more than 9,200 small and medium-sized businesses across developing Asia—through over 14,000 transactions valued at over $26 billion—in sectors ranging from commodities and capital goods, to medical supplies and consumer goods. -0-
Tags: ADB, Ardshinbank, Armenia, Citi, finance facility
Partners news
2019-12-12 14:47:01 ADB country director presents five-year partnership strategy to Armenian vice premier
2019-11-26 17:50:05 ADB endorses new 5-year country strategy to support economic diversification, inclusiveness in Armenia
2019-10-25 13:26:01 Armenian economy minister discusses cooperation expansion prospects with ADB director
2019-10-03 16:37:21 Armenian vice premier discusses with ADB representatives cooperation development
2018-11-16 12:12:36 ADB loan to further enhance financial markets, public efficiency in Armenia
2018-09-03 12:39:09 ADB issues inaugural Armenian dram linked bonds
2018-06-20 16:15:12 ADB's trade financing program supported over $116.5 million in trade through 384 transactions in Armenia since 2012
2018-06-13 17:40:57 ADB ready to continue implementing programs in Armenia
2018-05-07 15:28:20 ADB loan, equity to Ameriabank to help promote financial inclusion in Armenia
« German KfW to provide 5.3 million to Armenia to help introduce agriculture insurance scheme
New money transfer service is available to holders of VTB Bank (Armenia) cards »
Armenian government approves plan of measures to reform financial management system
NASDAQ OMX Armenia and Central Depository launch new strategy for 2018-2020 – new trading system, crowdfunding platform and mobile application
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text:
Kathy Levine is an associate professor who teaches in the Faculty of Social Work.
Building a 'community of learners'
Experiential learning is big part of this professor's visionary teaching practice
February 25, 2021 —
Kathy Levine's love for her subject matter and for her students is readily apparent.
"I really love people, so in the end that's kind of how you teach," says the associate professor who teaches in the Faculty of Social Work.
"I teach social workers [that you] really have to like people, because if you don't it's probably not a good fit," she laughs.
Levine has taught a foundational course in clinical and applied social work protocol in the faculty for 28 years. She estimates more than 1,500 students took the introductory courses with her.
In fact, when she approached the podium to address a recent conference of Manitoba school social workers, she had a startling realization — she recognized 90 percent of the crowd as her former students from almost three decades as a UM professor.
"It was just so good to see the students that have evolved into these amazing practitioners, all sitting in front of me," Levine says. She says the Yiddish expression—nachas—describes the special combination of pride and happiness she feels for these former students who've achieved such great things.
"It was really meaningful for me."
Levine started her UM career as a field instructor in The Pas, Man., providing practicum supervision for Indigenous child welfare workers. After completing her PhD in 2003, she continued to teach practice-based and family-focused social work courses, eventually becoming an associate professor in the faculty.
Children and adolescents have always been Levine's passion, including issues around mental health and child welfare, which are part of her current research.
In the disability community, she volunteers as the chairperson of Opportunities for Independence, an agency that works with cognitively impaired individuals who find themselves in conflict with the law.
Visionary practice as an educator
As a teacher, Levine places a high value on experiential learning.
"I've always infused my teaching with practice examples from my social work career, mostly my mistakes, which provide lots of learning. And I always bring my research into it," Levine says.
"I think at the post-secondary level, the critical difference is that we are bringing our applied practice and our research into our teaching so that it makes it real. It highlights some of the ethical dilemmas we encounter on a daily basis as social workers."
Levine also invites community leaders into her classroom to recruit student volunteers. First year students are eager for the real-world experiences these agencies and organizations can provide, she says.
Levine's visionary practice as an educator was recognized in 2020 when she received a Scholarship in Teaching and Learning (SOTL) funding award.
The award allowed her to create a cutting-edge, interdisciplinary course with colleagues from the Faculty of Education to develop a shared understanding of how kids can be supported within the child welfare system. The unique course is the first of its kind to bring together these two key professions of educators and social workers, she says.
A 'community of learners'
It's important to Levine to help build a community of learners.
"Our job is to learn from each other. [The] job for students is … to learn from each other and to connect with each other because, in practice, they will need each other. My teaching philosophy is we will all do better when everybody does better in this world. And so I think that's teaching a life philosophy."
Levine applauds the University for keeping classes small and promoting inclusion and cooperation between students. She says an attitude of care sets UM apart from other institutions where these goals are not always a priority.
"Just making yourself available to students is really critical. I love getting to know students. I love inviting students to share their personal experiences within the class setting," says Levine, who has been recognized for her consistently high student ratings.
Levine says she's proud of UM social work graduates who are now professionals in Manitoba as well as those who work outside the province.
"Students have gone off and done amazing things across the world," she adds.
Mary Jane MacLennan
Centre for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning, faculty, Faculty of Social Work, Faculty profile
2 comments on "Building a 'community of learners'"
William (Bill) Notz — February 28, 2021 at 2:52 pm
Very, very Interesting!!
Monica Flett — April 19, 2021 at 1:28 pm
I'm interested in attending any zoom webinars and/or lectures.
monicaflett2 [at] gmail [dot] com


Which is the India's first indigenous Rota Virus Vaccine?
Who tried to popularize the concept Partyless Democracy?
Who said 'My own feeling is that the congress is tottering to its fall, and one of my great ambitions, while in India is to assist it to its peaceful demise'?
The largest inland body of water in the world.
How many languages are included in the 8th schedule of the Indian Constitution?


text:
Lawmaker calls for dropping Sun's title
REMNANT:The practice of referring to Sun Yat-sen as the nation's founder was carried over from the Chinese Nationalist Party's one-party rule, Legislator Gao Jyh-peng said
Date: Feb 21, 2016
By: Tseng Wei-chen / Staff reporter
Sun Yat-sen's (孫逸仙) designation as the nation's "founding father" should be dropped, Democratic Progressive Party Legislator Gao Jyh-peng (高志鵬) said yesterday, pledging to push for legislation to remove the legal requirement that Sun's portrait be displayed in public buildings.
Gao said that Sun's title as the nation's "founding father" is a remnant of one-party rule under the Chinese Nationalist Party's (KMT) authoritarian regime and ran against democratic principles.
Legal mentions of the designation are seen only in connection with the national flag, he said, citing the National Emblem and National Flag of the Republic of China Act (中華民國國徽國旗法) and the Oath Act (宣誓條例).
The National Emblem Act states that the national flag should be placed "above the portrait of the father of the nation" in government buildings, while the Oath Act mandates that officials taking the oath of office should face both the national flag and the "portrait of the father of the nation." [FULL STORY]
← FEATURE: Museum chronicles police force's history
Most people satisfied with government's quake rescue efforts: survey →


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text:
Five key benefits of email encryption
Five key benefits of a secure email encryption solution
Secure collaboration
It's been some time since email arrived on the scene and revolutionized communication across the globe. Since the 1970s, humankind went from distributing faxes and sorting through piles of mail to near-real-time electronic communications. Now, virtually every business and household worldwide relies on email.
And with that reliance comes a dependency to maintain the security and integrity of their communications. This is where email encryption comes in.
Email encryption is the process and method of disguising the content of email communications to protect potentially sensitive information and ensure only the intended recipients have access. The term refers to encryption of the email itself, the encryption of data stores that house emails, and the encryption of the communications channels used to send and receive emails.
Email encryption has plenty of benefits for a business – here are the five key ones.
1. Improving confidentiality
Emails often contain sensitive information like credit card numbers, bank account numbers, proprietary company data, and PII (personally identifiable information) such as names and social security numbers. Email encryption can prevent this information from falling into the hands of cybercriminals and nefarious actors. Some examples of personal data threat actors target include:
Application forms for loans, rental agreements, employment, and more
Photographs if your smartphone has a default setting to embed location information
Tax return documents, including 1099s, tax returns, and W2s
2. Avoiding compromised accounts and identity theft
If a user's email address becomes compromised, it can cause chaos and potential financial and reputational damages. Encryption can mitigate the impact of a compromised account as long as encryption keys and digital signatures remain protected. That means, if an attacker accesses your information, they'll only see scrambled data.
It's important to note that these breaches aren't uncommon. In 2020, a hacker exposed 280 million Microsoft email addresses in a single attack.
3. Helping compliance and governance
Many highly regulated industries have guidelines requiring encryption in certain email communications. At a minimum, individuals can minimize compliance risk by using encryption to transmit PII and personal health information (PHI). Even if encryption isn't an explicit requirement, encrypting PII can reduce exposure to litigation, penalties, and damages in the event of a cyberattack.
Examples of industries and regulatory bodies that enforce email encryption include:
HIPAA protects patient information through a robust series of regulations that includes the encryption of PHI both in transit and at rest.
The DoD requires the use of email encryption and digital signatures on any potentially sensitive communications.
Financial services like banks and insurers have a legal obligation to protect consumer information and use encryption and secure portals to maintain compliance.
4. Boosting business efficiency
Many managers overlook how encrypted email can improve their business. The most common example is in securing communications with customers. Some of the most private and sensitive information is required to conduct business transactions with customers. It might include social security numbers, employer information, or a home address.
Using encrypted email provides a viable alternative to requiring all customers to communicate exclusively through secure information systems and web portals. The convenience of email is critical in the early stages of customer acquisition, as using an organization's portal to create an account might be a turn-off.
The comfort and personal touch of communicating directly with customers while still having a written record via email can reduce churn and improve sales outcomes.
5. Reducing the attack surface across the enterprise
Email is the launch platform for many cyberattacks. While many security teams rightfully focus their efforts on lowering phishing attacks targeting employees through email, even legitimate email traffic is a significant risk factor. That's because organizations store their email traffic on SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) servers, and backup copies can persist for years.
The information stored in these emails presents a tremendous risk in breaching confidentiality, exposing proprietary information, and may lead to a compliance failure in many industries. By encrypting all email traffic, a would-be attacker's job becomes extremely time-consuming and tedious even if they've compromised the email server because they must decrypt each email one by one.
Found this article useful? Check out our cybersecurity hub for everything else you need to know about email encryption.
What are the benefits of email encryption?
Email encryption helps ensure messages remain confidential and reduces the risk of identity theft and compromised accounts. In addition, it's a crucial factor in maintaining compliance in regulated industries and provides an easy, secure way to communicate with customers.
How is email encryption done?
There are two common approaches to email encryption—end-to-end email encryption and encryption of emails in transit. Encrypting in transit relies on a secure transmission protocol like TLS (Transport Layer Security) to provide a secure tunnel for emails to traverse from sender to recipient. This methodology secures against man-in-the-middle attacks where a cyber attacker gains access to email traffic while in transit.
How does an email encryption key work?
Most email encryption implementations use public key infrastructure, also known as PKI, which works by:
the sender encrypting messages using a public key
the receiver using a private key to decrypt a message
How does email encryption software work?
Email encryption software is a valuable business tool. Learn how it works in our latest guide.


What do Elvis, Dolly the sheep and Premium Bonds have in common? The answer is that in 2017 they all have important anniversaries. But with due respect to Elvis, Dolly and Bonds, the most momentous anniversary of 2017, takes us back 500 years, when a priest called Martin Luther, nailed an academic discussion document (ever after called the 95 Theses) to a Church door in Wittenberg.
It marked the beginning of what came to be known as the Protestant Reformation. Historians will tell you that there are few more significant moments for Western politics, culture, or church. Unfortunately, what began as a protest within the Catholic Church, erupted into large-scale conflict across Europe; the dying embers of which can still be felt in Northern Ireland and parts of Scotland.
Eventually though, things did begin to change. In nineteenth century Britain, Catholics regained long lost civil rights. By the end of the twentieth century, Protestant parents were happy to send their children to Catholic schools. For their part, the Catholic Church ceased to pray for the re-conversion of England. In recent times, the present Pope, has even praised Luther and there are suggestions he may attend the celebrations in Wittenberg this year.
Major differences remain between Catholics and Protestants. But in this increasingly fractured world, their story is an important reminder that former enemies can become friends.


The introduction of biofuels in Slovenia and the objectives in this area are lagging behind the referential values of the EU Directive on the promotion of the use of biofuels and other renewable fuels for transport, which amount to 2 % by the end of 2005, 5.75 % by the end of 2010 and 7.5% by 2015. Slovenia explains the deviations from the referential values by the limited possibilities of biofuel production, the discrepancies between the prices of mineral fuels and biofuels, and thus the non-stimulating market conditions that do not promote consumer to use biofuels.
Report of the Government of the RS, 2005-2012. Measures to promote the use of biofuels, the total stock of fuel for transport and the share of biofuels, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment.
Reportof the Government of the RS, 2005-2012. Measures to promote the use of biofuels, the total stock of fuel for transport and the share of biofuels, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment.
at least 7,5 % in 2015.


text:
Q: Report not showing up on report viewer I am developing a c# application where  I need to generate a report. I am a using a dataset which is filled with the data coming from a stored procedure which takes one parameter from the C# code. I am creating a parameter in report1.rdlc and populating it with the data from a text box. When I run the application I can't see anything on report viewer.
public void GenerateBranchwiseReport()
        {
            conn.Open();
            SqlCommand BranchReportcmd = new SqlCommand("select [am/bsi name] from masterlookup where [asc type]='BRANCH' group by [am/bsi name]", conn);
            SqlDataReader BranchReportread = BranchReportcmd.ExecuteReader();
            while (BranchReportread.Read())
            {
                BranchManagerName.Add(BranchReportread.GetValue(0).ToString());
            }
            conn.Close();
            foreach (string managername in BranchManagerName)
            {
                conn.Open();
                SqlCommand GetReportDatacmd = new SqlCommand();
                GetReportDatacmd.CommandText = "USP_BranchwiseReport";
                GetReportDatacmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
                GetReportDatacmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@BranchManagerName", managername));
                GetReportDatacmd.Connection = conn;
                GetReportDatacmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(GetReportDatacmd);
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                da.Fill(ds);
                conn.Close();
                reportViewer1.Reset();
                this.reportViewer1.Visible = true;
                string reportname = @"d:\users\administrator\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\ReportwithParameter\ReportwithParameter\Report1.rdlc";
                this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.ReportPath = @"d:\users\administrator\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\ReportwithParameter\ReportwithParameter\Report1.rdlc";
                ReportParameter[] param = new ReportParameter[1];
                param[0] = new ReportParameter("ManagerName", managername);
                this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.SetParameters(param);
                ReportDataSource ReportBranch = new ReportDataSource("DatasetWithParameter.USP_BranchwiseReport", ds.Tables[0]);
                this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.ReportEmbeddedResource = reportname;
                this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Clear();
                this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Add(new Microsoft.Reporting.WinForms.ReportDataSource("DatasetWithParameter.USP_BranchwiseReport", ds.Tables[0]));
                //this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Add(ReportBranch);
                this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.Refresh();
                //SendEmail();
            }
        }

A: Why are you looping through all the Managers in the Report?? May be you are looking for a report which contains all the Managers Data.
You are looping the Same Report for each Manager???
public void GenerateBranchwiseReport()
{
string ManagerNames="";
    conn.Open();
    SqlCommand BranchReportcmd = new SqlCommand("select [am/bsi name] from masterlookup where [asc type]='BRANCH' group by [am/bsi name]", conn);
    SqlDataReader BranchReportread = BranchReportcmd.ExecuteReader();
    while (BranchReportread.Read())
    {
     if (ManagerNames.length==0)
         ManagerNames="'"+BranchReportread.GetValue(0).ToString()+"'";
     else
         ManagerNames =ManagerNames + ",'" + BranchReportread.GetValue(0).ToString()+ "'";

    }
    conn.Close();

  //So now, You have Multiple Managers in ManagerNames string You can send it to SQL, which must used in Where clause with IN (@Managers) in you Stored Procedure.

        conn.Open();
        SqlCommand GetReportDatacmd = new SqlCommand();
        GetReportDatacmd.CommandText = "USP_BranchwiseReport";
        GetReportDatacmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        GetReportDatacmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@BranchManagerName", ManagerNames));
        GetReportDatacmd.Connection = conn;
        GetReportDatacmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
        SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(GetReportDatacmd);
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        da.Fill(ds);
        conn.Close();
        reportViewer1.Reset();
        this.reportViewer1.Visible = true;
        string reportname = @"d:\users\administrator\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\ReportwithParameter\ReportwithParameter\Report1.rdlc";
        this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.ReportPath = @"d:\users\administrator\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\ReportwithParameter\ReportwithParameter\Report1.rdlc";
        ReportParameter[] param = new ReportParameter[1];
        param[0] = new ReportParameter("ManagerName", managername);
        this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.SetParameters(param);
        ReportDataSource ReportBranch = new ReportDataSource("DatasetWithParameter.USP_BranchwiseReport", ds.Tables[0]);
        this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.ReportEmbeddedResource = reportname;
        this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Clear();
        this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Add(new Microsoft.Reporting.WinForms.ReportDataSource("DatasetWithParameter.USP_BranchwiseReport", ds.Tables[0]));
        //this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Add(ReportBranch);
        this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.Refresh();
        //SendEmail();

A: To use the report viewer in your C# WinForm project add the following code to a button or inthe form_load:
    string strConnectionString = "Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=Projects_DB;Integrated Security=True";
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter();
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("sp_GetProject " + "'0660CAD6-6F1A-4D19-A1FD-17BF3655AC98'");
    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
    cmd.Connection = new SqlConnection (strConnectionString);
    da.SelectCommand = cmd;

    da.Fill(ds,"DataSet1");

    reportViewer1.ProcessingMode = ProcessingMode.Local;
    reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Clear();
    reportViewer1.LocalReport.DataSources.Add(new ReportDataSource("DataSet1", ds.Tables[0]));
    reportViewer1.LocalReport.Refresh();
    reportViewer1.RefreshReport();

Assuming that you have a stored procedure that accepts @ProjectID parameter.
You have to set the cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text if you pass these parameters along with the sql command. However, if you don't want to pass parameters just change the commandType to cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure.
Below is the stored procedure used in this example:
CREATE PROC [dbo].[sp_GetProject]
    @ProjectID      nvarchar(50)=NULL

AS
BEGIN

   SELECT ProjectID, ProjectName FROM Projects
    WHERE
    (@ProjectID IS NULL) OR (ProjectID = @ProjectID)

END


text:
Audience Safety Information & Terms and Conditions of Booking
Shane Barriscale
Shane Barriscale is a Dublin-based tenor specialising in choral and ensemble singing. He graduated with honours from a Masters in Music Performance (Voice) through DIT Conservatory of Music and Drama in 2013, and a Masters in Interactive Media in 2011, having previously undertaken an undergraduate Architecture Degree. Shane is now working full-time in vocal performance and music education.
Originally from Limerick, Shane began his musical training at the Limerick School of Music, studying Piano, Violin and Voice. From an early age, choral music has played a prominent role in his life. This was encouraged and developed by Limerick teacher and conductor Maire Keary-Scanlon, who directed Shane in three choirs between 1997 and 2012 (Cantette Children's Choir, County Limerick Youth Choir and the Irish Chamber Orchestra Chorus). This cultivated a love of vocal harmony which continues to this day. From 2006 to 2013, Shane performed with the Bunratty Castle Singers, a medieval-themed vocal ensemble based in Bunratty, Co. Clare. In 2012, Shane was selected to take part in a Choral Mentorship Scheme with Chamber Choir Ireland via a collaboration with the Irish Youth Chamber Choir, which inspired a decision to move to Dublin to pursue music full-time. He now continues to hone his craft in Dublin under the tuition of Soprano Judith Mok.
Shane is closely associated with St. Mary's Pro-Cathedral. From 2015 to 2019, he was the Assistant Director of The Palestrina Choir, alongside the choir's Musical Director Blanaid Murphy. He has also been performing with the tenor section of the choir since 2013. He has worked closely with St. Mary's Pro-Cathedral Girls' Choir as a vocal coach, as well as Continuum Youth Choir as a choral mentor for the Tenors and Basses. In 2017, Shane became the Musical Director of the Rosemount Singers based in Julianstown, Co. Meath. In 2019, he became the Musical Director of the Get Singing Choir based in Greystones, Co. Wicklow and the Choral Facilitator of Glasnevin National School, Dublin.
Shane has established himself as a prominent feature on the choral music scene in Ireland. He has performed, toured and recorded with many Irish groups including the Irish Youth Chamber Choir, New Dublin Voices, Sestina Early Music Ensemble, Tonnta Vocal Ensemble, Charles Wood Singers, Celtic Woman, Northern Ireland Opera, Wide Open Opera, Opera Theatre Company, RTÉ Concert Orchestra Chorus, Crux Vocal Ensemble, Peregryne, 'Lassus' Chamber Choir and Chamber Choir Ireland. Since 2013, Shane has also been performing with Ireland's leading Vocal Harmony quartet 4 in a Bar, winners of the Irish Association of Barbershop Singer's National Male Voice Quartet category in 2011, 2013 and 2015 and International Male Voice Quartet category in 2016. As both a performer and an educator, inspiring a love of choral singing in people of all ages has become a great ambition of Shane's, something which he hopes to continue doing well into the future.


text:
Constitution/Legal philosophy/Opinions.
J. Sai Deepak
Articles in Mainstream Media
Legal Philosophy
Domicile rules for J&K: Old wine in new bottle?
On Tuesday, May 5th, 2020 4:10 am Thursday, May 14th, 2020 4:31 am By jsaideepakIn Articles in Mainstream Media
Last August, in what was expected to be a tectonic shift from a prohibitive and self-defeating status quo, Articles 367 and 370 of the Constitution were amended, the Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order 1954 ("the 1954 Presidential Order") was superseded and the Indian Constitution was extended in its entirety to the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. Among other things, these amendments effectively led to the abrogation of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir 1956, and repealment of Article 35A of the Indian Constitution that was questionably inserted through the 1954 Presidential Order.
Owing to the Constitutional amendments effected last year, which included the reorganisation of the erstwhile state into a union territory, the concept of "permanent resident" had become redundant and most people assumed that this was the end of the discriminatory framework. Perhaps, this may not be the case.On 31 March 2020, with the entire country busy battling the Covid-19 pandemic, the Union Home Ministry notified the promulgation of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Adaptation of State Laws) Order 2020 ("the First Order") for the union territory. The First Order, among other things, amended the Jammu and Kashmir Civil Services (Decentralisation and Recruitment) Act, 2010 ("the Recruitment Act"), most notably by introducing the definition of "domicile".
Article 35AArticle 370ConstitutionDomicileJammu & Kashmir
On the PMNRF and the PM CARES Fund
Reclaiming a civilisational approach to the Constitution?
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Bharat coloniality Constitution Constitutionalism decoloniality Democracy Dharma Fundamental Rights history Indian civilisation Indic civilisation indigeneity religion secularism Supreme Court
Watch videos of J. Sai Deepak on a variety of issues and News Channel debates
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND INDIGENEITY Friday, January 8th, 2021 3:42 am
A civilisational approach to blasphemy Friday, January 1st, 2021 4:29 am
Section 295A: The 'Blasphemy' Provision Friday, December 25th, 2020 7:27 am
Identity politics, elections and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 Friday, December 18th, 2020 5:02 am
Vedantic universalism, Indic civilisational renaissance & diversity Friday, December 11th, 2020 3:51 am
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND INDIGENEITY
Section 295A: The 'Blasphemy' Provision
Identity politics, elections and the Representation of the People Act, 1951
Ayodhya Verdict: Did the Supreme Court Get it on Wrong on the Places of Worship Act, 1991?- Part 1