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No ordinary achievement, says PM on Goa's 100% Har Ghar Jal certification
By admin August 19, 2022 Goa News No Comments3 Mins Read
PANAJI: Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday said that over 10 crores of rural households in the country have been connected to clean water facilities through pipes, with 7 core rural families getting connected in the last three years.
He stated that it is among the big success of the central government's campaign to deliver water to each house.
Within just three years, 7 crore rural households have been connected with piped water facility under 'Jal Jeevan Mission', PM Modi said today, virtually addressing the Har Ghar Jal Utsav being held in Goa.
"This is no ordinary achievement. In 7 decades of Independence, only 3 core rural households in the
the country had piped water facilities,' the prime minister said.
The Prime Minister highlighted three big achievements related to the goal of 'Amrit Kaal' "Every countryman will be very proud to know about these achievements of
India. Today we have crossed three important milestones related to the huge goals that India is
working on in Amritkaal." PM Modi said.
"Today 10 crore rural households of the country have been connected to the facility of clean water through pipes. This is a big success of the government's campaign to deliver water to each house. This is a great example of Sabka Prayas," PM Modi said.
The Prime Minister said that Goa has become the first state in the country to become 'Har Ghar Jal' certified.
"The country and especially Goa has achieved a milestone today. Today Goa has become the first
state in the country which has been Har Ghar Jal certified. Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
have also become Har Ghar Jal certified Union Territory," PM Modi said.
Jal Jeevan Mission is a flagship programme of the Government of India which was announced from
the ramparts of Red Fort by the visionary Prime Minister on August 15, 2019. The mission aims to make provision of potable tap water supply in adequate quantity, of prescribed quality and on regular and long-term basis to every rural household of the country by 2024.
The program is implemented by the Government of India in partnership with States/UTs.
The third achievement of the country, the Prime Minister said, is related to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
"A few years back with the efforts of all the countrymen, the country was declared open defecation free. After this, we had resolved to make villages ODF plus," PM Modi said.
The country has also achieved important milestones in this regard. Now more than one lakh villages in different states of the country have become OF plus, he added.
Following Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision of "Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas aur Sabka Prayas", more than 52 per cent rural households in the
country are now connected with tap water which was only 17 per cent at the time of the launch of this transformational mission on August 15, 2019, the government data-informed yesterday.
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The Electron Pencil
"The blog has made Glab into a hip town crier, commenting on everything from local politics and cultural happenings to national and international events, all rendered in a colorful, intelligent, working-class vernacular that owes some of its style to Glab's Chicago-hometown heroes Studs Terkel and Mike Royko." — David Brent Johnson in Bloom Magazine
The Pencil
Category Archives: Ron Ziegler
Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, Grameen Bank, Hillary Rodham Clinton, IDS, Joe Donnelly, Kelley School of Business, Michele Bachmann, Mitt Romney, Mohammed Yunus, Paddy Chayevsky, Park Ridge Illinois, Richard Lugar, Richard M. Nixon, Richard Mourdock, Rick Santorum, Ron Ziegler, Tea Party
The Pencil Today:
"Television is democracy at its ugliest." — Paddy Chayevsky
♢
THIS IS THE OPERATIVE STATEMENT — THE OTHERS ARE INOPERATIVE
How can you not love politics?
"He is the worst Republican in the country to put up against Barack Obama."
That was Rick Santorum six weeks ago describing Mitt Romney — a man whom he endorsed yesterday.
Now, if you're a Dem or you loathe the GOP, don't start getting huffy and righteous and say something foolish like, Oh, those Republicans — they can't be trusted. They'll say anything to get elected.
Let's go back four short years ago. Hillary Clinton spent a lot of time wagging her finger at Barack Obama during the Dem primaries. Some of her supporters threatened to — gulp! — go Republican if Obama won the nomination. That's how deep the animus had grown between the two camps. Next thing you knew, both sides had come together to defeat the McCain/Palin ticket that, by all accounts, induced no Clintonistas to switch parties.
See, that's why I could never be a politician. First, I have no interest in having the skeletons in my closet bared. Second, I know that at some point in time, I wouldn't be able to stop myself from blurting out, "Jeez, can you believe how full of shit I am?"
BTW: recognize the headline at the top of this entry? That was Dick Nixon's Squealer, Ron Ziegler, speaking to reporters on April 17th, 1973. Operative statements, in Ziegler's bizarre argot, were simply today's lies; inoperative statements were yesterday's.
THE BUSINESS OF AMERICA IS BUSINESS
Let's stick with a theme here: How can you not love business?
According to the IDS, a few enterprising students tried to sell ducats online for a c-note apiece to the IU Kelley School of Business commencement ceremony Saturday
An IU spokesbeing issued a statement tut-tutting the scalping deal.
Free Market?
Making money in a free market is the aim of getting a degree from the Kelley school — except, apparently, when you're trying to make money selling tickets to a celebration of spending four years of your life learning how to make money in a free market.
HILLARY AT THE SUMMIT
Back to Hillary Clinton. It turns out losing the race for the Democratic nomination for president in 2008 just might have been the best thing ever to happen to her.
You may recall that Hillary was perhaps the most despised human being in this holy land before Barack Obama came along to wrest the title from her.
WWN Wasn't Half As Hard On Hil As Fox News
Remember when Bill Clinton told voters he and the missus were a "package deal"? That she was going to be, in essence, a co-president? Middle America had apoplexy — Hillary was going destroy this sacred society by upending our traditional view of what a First Lady should be.
She even had to stop using her preferred hyphenated moniker, Hillary Rodham Clinton, because too many voters figured a woman who keeps her maiden name is most likely a Nazi abortionist.
And then she came out with that famous quote about not being interested in sitting at home and baking cookies. Millions of Americans became convinced at that very moment that she was a also lesbian communist.
I never felt particularly warm about Hil. Oh sure, I voted for Bill (and her — I bought into the co-presidency idea) but she always struck me as a privileged white person, no matter how quasi-progressive she claimed her politics to be.
I always suspected she was incapable of dropping a gratuitous F-bomb or wouldn't know how to drink a shot of tequila.
Park Ridge, Illinois, the Chicago suburb in which Hil was raised, was chock full of prim, holier-than-thou folks — even those, like HRC, who entertained near-liberal ideas.
Still, I've always had great respect for her. She's tough enough in her own way to scare the bejesus out of her serial-philandering husband. Plus, she's smart as a whip and ambitious to boot.
Barack Obama saw these same qualities and selected her as his Secretary of State. Oh sure, he wanted to keep her occupied for four years as well, just in case she wanted to challenge him again in 2012. Still, he recognized her strengths.
Anyway, she's done a fantastic job as a globe-trotting SoS. She's juggling a potentially nuclear Iran, an uppity China, a schizo Pakistan, a mobbed-up Russia, a broke European Union, Myanmar, India, the nagging Isreal/Palestine issue, the Arab Spring, and too many other hot spots to mention. Somehow, the world hasn't blown itself apart just yet.
She may not be tough enough to suck down a ounce of Tarantula Plata without gagging but I doubt there's a male national leader on this Earth who has the cagliones to cross her.
Why, just yesterday she told the Bangladesh government in no uncertain terms to lay off the Grameen Bank, the innovative microlender founded by Nobel Peace laureate Mohammed Yunus that helps women in south Asia develop small businesses and escape poverty. A while ago, Bangladesh had given the axe to Yunus as boss of the bank. Hil's now staring that government down, saying don't mess with Grameen.
Trust me, she's writing her own entry in American history books.
But had she become president, she would have been savaged for her imagined sins nearly as much as Obama has for his. Who knows what form her "Birther" opposition might have taken. Most likely, there'd have been a constant flow of Hillary's-gonna-force-our-daughters-into-dykedom "revelations" coming from right wing bloviators and Me Party-ists.
She might have had to spend her precious time denying that she leads a satanic sex cult in the White House basement.
It's better being Secretary of State.
INDIANA DEMS HAD BETTER BE RIGHT ABOUT MOURDOCK
Finally, speaking of Me Party-ists, their latest darling in Indiana, Richard Mourdock ("End the EPA!"), looks like a lock to unseat long-time US Senator Richard Lugar in the Republican primary today.
Now we'll see if the state's Democratic party theory that Mourdock is a preferable foe for their nominee Joe Donnelly in November holds any water.
Donnelly'd better win. Mourdock has been endorsed by none other than Minnesota's Michele Bachmann.
She's Back!
I know, I know — you'd finally swept that name clear out of your consciousness and now I remind you that she's still around. Hey, politics is a rough game.
Electron Pencil event listings: Music, art, movies, lectures, parties, receptions, benefits, plays, meetings, fairs, conspiracies, rituals, etc.
◗ IU Mathers Museum of World Cultures — Exhibits, "Blended Harmonies: Music and Religion in Nepal"; through July 1st — "Esse Quam Videri (To Be, Rather than To Be Seen): Muslim Self Portraits; through June 17th — "From the Big Bang to the World Wide Web: The Origins of Everything"; through July 1st
◗ IU Kinsey Institute Gallery — Exhibit, "Man as Object: Reversing the Gaze"; through June 29th
◗ Ivy Tech Waldron Arts Center — Exhibits at various galleries: Angela Hendrix-Petry, Benjamin Pines, Nate Johnson, and Yang Chen; all through May 29th
◗ Trinity Episcopal Church — Art exhibit, "Creation," collaborative mosaic tile project; through May 31st
◗ Monroe County Public Library — Art exhibit, "Muse Whisperings," water color paintings by residents of Sterling House; through May 31st
◗ Monroe County History Center — Photo exhibit, "Bloomington: Then and Now" by Bloomington Fading; through October 27th
◗ People's Park — Lunch Concert Series, Starkraven; 11:30am
◗ The Venue Fine Arts & Gifts — Guitarist Erol Ozserver; 5:30-7:30pm
◗ IU Woodburn Hall, Room 101 — Secular Alliance Movie Night; 6-8pm
◗ Jake's Nightclub — Karaoke; 6pm
◗ Deer Park Manor — Steppings Stones' annual volunteer awards & recognition ceremony; 6:30-8pm
◗ Monroe County History Center — Civil War round table, "The Truth about the Confederate Flag"; 7-8pm
◗ The Player's Pub — Blue jam, King Bee and the Stingers; 8pm
◗ The Bishop — EP release party, New terrors with Prayer Breakfast & The New Heaven and the New Earth; 9pm
◗ The Bluebird — Coheed and Cambria; 9pm
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When we started Hey Tiger we wanted to create an experience that is different from ordinary confectionery. We believe chocolate isn't just something women have during "that time of the month" or something they should get on Valentines Day. Yeeesss, those things might be true sometimes. But to us, chocolate is much more than that.
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Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Philip Latter, Christine Weinkauff Duranso – Running Flow
Henk-Jan van der Klis 23 mei 2018 18 mei 2018 No Comments on Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Philip Latter, Christine Weinkauff Duranso – Running Flow
Flow researcher Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi contributed to a new book in which the ability to enter into a flow state of mind is tailored to the recreational and professional distance runner. In Running Flow the components for enabling flow are described: challenge-skills balance, having clear goals and unambiguous feedback. In a state of flow, this results in attention with focus, blended action and consciousness, a feeling of control, loss of self-consciousness, a temporary distortion of the notion of time, and pleasure in running.
The activity becomes more important than actually reaching a specific goal. Intrinsic motivation translated as an autotelic experience is key. The authors lean on meditation techniques of which mindfulness is prominent. Testimonies by famous distance runners and countless pieces of advice for better performances are included. Well-written and useful!
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi is a bestselling author, world-renowned researcher, and one of the fathers of positive psychology. His seminal work, Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience (1990), was a New York Times best seller and introduced the concept of flow to mainstream audiences. Once the head of the psychology department at the University of Chicago, Csikszentmihaly founded the Quality of Life Research Center at Claremont Graduate University. His work has influenced figures such as Bill Clinton and former British Prime Minister Tony Blair.
Now a professor at Claremont Graduate University in southern California, Csikszentmihalyi has written more than 120 journal articles and book chapters and has authored a dozen books related to positive psychology. He continues to research flow and motivation as the founder and codirector of the nonprofit Quality of Life Research Center. He lives in Claremont, California.
Philip Latter is the coauthor of Faster Road Racing (Human Kinetics, 2015) with two-time Olympian Pete Pfitzinger. A former senior writer for Running Times and current contributor to Runner's World and runnersworld.com, Latter has profiled more than a dozen Olympians and written extensively on training methodology, exercise science, and sport psychology. He regularly lectures on flow at summer running camps and has used many of the techniques described in this book with the high school, college, and post collegiate athletes he coaches.
A runner for almost two decades, Latter earned five all-conference honors at the University of North Carolina at Asheville and holds personal bests of 14:47 for 5K, 31:24 for 10K and 1:12:11 for the half marathon. A former NCAA Division I head cross country coach at Radford University, Latter coaches runners at Brevard High School in the Blue Ridge Mountains of western North Carolina. He lives just outside of Brevard with his wife and two daughters.
Christine Weinkauff Duranso is a professor of psychology at both Woodbury University in Burbank, California, and California State University at San Bernardino. As a PhD student at Claremont Graduate University, Weinkauff studied under the mentorship of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and focused her research on the role of flow and exercise and how they contribute to thriving. Her dissertation considered how exercise, flow, and nature strengthen resilience and enhance well-being for college students.
Weinkauff has completed races ranging from 5K to marathon distance and has ventured into the triathlon world. She enjoys speaking to various groups about the role of flow and exercise in well-being and how flow can provide the motivation to persist in new exercise endeavors. A mother of four, she lives in Claremont, California, with her three youngest children.
I received a free copy from the publisher through Edelweiss in exchange for my personal, unbiased review upon reading.
BlackBerry updates mei 2010
Hardnekkige projectmanagement mythen ontkracht
Agile Product Management Examined
Henk-Jan's soundtrack to 21-31 May 2021
Céline Dion – Courage
Memorable songs of 1-10 October 2017
Boekbesprekingen, English books
About Henk-Jan van der Klis
Henk-Jan van der Klis is a project management professional, domain lead Transformation & Innovation at Capgemini Financial Services, trainer, seasoned editor, and blogger.
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It is war and your commander give you a mission to destroy the enemy base. Many of units from your battalion has fallen during this war so you are alone in this battle. Control the battle tank through the enemy territory, destroy all enemy vehicles, shoot soldiers and upgrade the tank . Survive in this war and destroy the main enemy base.
Use arrow keys or W,A,S,D to move the tank, use the mouse to aim and click left mouse button to shoot. 1,2,3 to switch weapons.


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Do the feeding practices and nutrition status among HIV-exposed infants less than 6 months of age follow the recommended guidelines in Bomet County, Kenya?
Purity Chepkorir Lang'at1,
Irene Awuor Ogada1,
Audrey Steenbeek2,
Godfrey Odinga3 &
Michael M. Mwachiro4
Globally, about 1.5 million pregnancies are among women living with the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV). In 2013, an estimated overall HIV prevalence of 0.34 % was reported in antenatal women in Kenya, with 13,000 new HIV infections among children. Appropriate feeding practices and good nutrition status are important for the survival, growth, development and health of HIV-exposed infants, as well as the wellbeing of their mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the feeding practices and nutrition status of HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age, attending the paediatric clinic in a mission hospital in Bomet County, Kenya.
This was a cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative techniques in data collection and analysis. A comprehensive sample of 118 mothers/caregivers with HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age participated in the study. The data was analysed using SPSS software. Statistical significance was set at p values less than 0.05.
Exclusive breastfeeding was practiced by the majority of the participants (73.7 %), 14.4 % practiced exclusive replacement feeding and 11.9 % mixed fed their infants. More than half the infants had normal length for age (57.7 %), weight for age (60.2 %) and weight for length (76.3 %). About a third (38.1 %) of the infants were stunted, 39 % were underweight and 19.5 % were wasted. Infants on mixed feeding were more likely to be stunted (OR = 2.401; 95 % CI: 0.906–5.806; p = 0.001) or underweight (OR = 2.001; 95 % CI: 0.328–6.124; p = 0.001) compared to those on exclusive breastfeeding. There was however, no significant difference in the likelihood for wasting among infants on exclusive breastfeeding, compared to those on exclusive replacement feeding (OR = 0.186; 95 % CI: 0.011–3.130; p = 0.996) or mixed feeding (OR = 1.528; 95 % CI: 0.294–7.954; p = 0.614). No significant differences were observed in the likelihood for malnutrition among infants on exclusive breastfeeding, compared to those on exclusive replacement feeding.
Most mothers/caregivers fed their infants as recommended. The 11.9 % who did not observe the recommendations were however, at risk for contracting HIV. We recommend that the Ministry of Health and National AIDS and STI Control Programme develop a policy to support infants who qualify for exclusive replacement feeding but whose mothers/caregivers face constraints in compliance.
Globally, about 35.3 million people are now living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), with women comprising more than half of this population [1]. Further, 1.5 million pregnancies are among women living with HIV, globally. In Kenya, the latest statistics indicate that there are approximately 1.6 million people living with HIV, 191,840 of them being children. The total number of deliveries by HIV positive mothers in Kenya was about 79,000, while 13,000 new HIV infections were recorded among children [2].
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that for HIV-exposed infants, the national health authorities should promote a single infant feeding practice as the standard of care for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and information about other practices be made available to mothers [3]. Kenya has adopted exclusive breast-feeding (giving infant only breast milk and no other liquids or solids except drops or syrups consisting of vitamins, minerals, or medicines) for the first 6 months after birth, introduction of appropriate complementary foods thereafter, and continued breastfeeding for the first 12 months after birth [3]. Breastfeeding should then only stop once a nutritionally adequate and safe diet can be provided without breast milk.
In circumstances where breastfeeding is not possible, exclusive replacement feeding (giving infant a suitable breast milk substitutes in the form of commercial infant formula, with no breast milk) is recommended. This exclusive replacement feeding (ERF) should be acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe [3]. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates among all infants 0–5 months of age in Kenya has increased from 35 % in 2010 to the current 61 %, while the rates for Bomet County are not documented [4]. There is limited literature on the EBF rates among HIV-exposed infants in particular. Scientific evidence shows that sub-optimal infant and young child feeding practices among HIV-exposed children result in malnutrition presenting as growth faltering [5–8]. As a result, growth failure as seen in stunting and underweight is considered an early marker of HIV infection [7]. The practice of EBF and ERF reduce the likelihood of mother to child transmission of HIV.
Studies have shown that in resource-limited settings, there is early occurrence of under- nutrition before the age 3 months in both HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children, with high mortality rates as well [9–12]. In Kenya, the prevalence of stunting among the general population of children less than 5 years of age is 26 %, underweight is at 4.3 % and wasting is at 3.7 %, while in Bomet County, the prevalence of stunting is 35.5 %, underweight is 12 % and wasting is 1.8 % [4]. These high rates in the general population indicate that the prevalence could be higher among HIV-exposed infants. There is however, limited literature on the nutrition status of HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age. This study highlights the gaps in feeding practices and nutrition status of HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age and can therefore inform policy makers and implementers of areas to focus on when designing interventions for this category of children.
The purpose of the study was to determine the infant feeding practices and nutrition status of HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age attending the paediatric clinic in a mission hospital in Bomet County.
Study design, setting and period
The study adopted a cross-sectional design with mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative approaches) in data collection and analysis. The study was conducted at a referral mission hospital in Bomet County. The hospital has several clinics, including one for Maternal and Child Health, where the Paediatric clinic is based. Services offered at the paediatric clinic include: growth monitoring, immunization and treatment of various childhood illnesses, as well as HIV- related care for women and children [13]. Bomet is a rural County located in the former Rift Valley Province of Kenya with a population of 730,129 as per 2009 national census [14]. The main economic activities in the county include farming for subsistence and cash, tourism and sports [14].
Data was collected for 3 months between November 2015 and January 2016.
The target population was pairs of mothers/caregivers and infants between 0–5 months of age born by mothers living with HIV (HIV-exposed) who were attending the paediatric clinic in the mission hospital. The mission hospital had registered 127 HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age during the study period. Infants born with very low birth weight (less than 1500 g) as recorded in the Maternal and Child Health booklet as well as mothers/caregivers who declined to participate were excluded from the study.
Sample size and sampling techniques
The calculated sample size was 112, based on the exclusive breastfeeding rates of 35 % and a sampling frame of 127 HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age in the county, at the time of the study. A further 10 % was added to cater for non-response. Comprehensive sampling was then adopted in which all eligible mother/ caregiver-infant pairs were recruited (121). This is because the calculated sample size and the sampling frame were almost equal in number.
Every consecutive mother/caregiver with a HIV-exposed infant 0–5 months of age who consented to participate in the study was recruited once to avoid duplication of data collected. One hundred and twenty seven mothers/caregivers were eligible for the study, 121 consented while 6 declined, and therefore, 121 mothers/caregivers were recruited to participate in the study. Out of the 121 questionnaires, 118 were analysed as 3 infants had very low birth weight and thus their questionnaires were not included in the analysis. The response rate was therefore, 97.5 %.
Additionally, 11 key informants were interviewed. Key informants were purposively selected; all nutritionist, nurses, clinicians and adherence counsellors who provided services to the mothers living with HIV at the mission hospital's paediatric clinic. They were purposively selected because they were knowledgeable of the context specific information for mothers living with HIV registered at the health facility. For the FGDs, participants were selected using simple random sampling based on their reported mode of feeding. Two groups of 10 and 9 mothers/caregivers each were selected from those who had exclusively breastfed, 8 were selected among those who had practiced exclusive replacement feeding and 8 among those who had mixed fed.
Data collection instruments and procedures
A validated and pre-tested researcher-administered questionnaire, a Focus Group Discussion guide and a Key Informant Interviews guide were used for data collection. The questionnaire had three sections. Section A was used for recording the anthropometric data of the infant, while Section B elicited information on socio-economic characteristics of the mothers/caregivers (education, occupation and income), demographic characteristics of the mothers/caregivers (age, marital status, religion, ethnicity, parity), infant characteristics (age and sex) and infant illness in the previous 2 weeks. Questions in the Kenya Demographic Health Survey questionnaire were adopted for this section. Section C comprised of the generic Infant and Young Child Feeding questionnaire by CARE USA (2010) [15] which applies the WHO indicators for Infant and Young Child Feeding. It elicited information on the feeding practices of the infants in the previous 24 h which enabled classification into exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive replacement feeding and mixed feeding. Three questions were further adopted from the World Health Organisation's indicators for assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices questionnaire and added to elicit information on: time of breastfeeding initiation after birth and baby's first feed after birth (breast milk or pre-lacteal) [16]. The questionnaire was translated to Kipsigis, the native language in Bomet County, to cater for mothers/caregivers who did not understand English.
The questionnaires were researcher-administered during face to face interviews conducted with mothers/ caregivers. A total of four focus group discussions were also conducted with mothers/caregivers and the number of participants per group was 8, 8, 9 and 10 respectively. The areas that were covered in the discussions included the mothers/caregivers infant feeding experiences, health services they received and challenges they faced in their choice of infant feeding. The key informant interviews were conducted with 3 nutritionists, 4 nurses, 2 clinical officers and 2 adherence counsellors who provide services to HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age at the paediatric clinic. The discussions and interviews were audio tape recorded. To determine the nutrition status, anthropometric rmeasurements of weight and length were taken using the WHO recommended instruments and procedures [17].
Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Infant's nutrition status was analysed using ENA for Smart software version 2011 and then exported to SPSS. Nutrition status was assessed based on the WHO 2006 growth standards Z-score cut offs for length-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-length z-scores [17]. Infant feeding practices were analysed based on the WHO and Ministry of Health recommendations for HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age, and were classified as exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive replacement feeding and mixed feeding. The analysis on infant feeding was categorised into mode of feeding in the previous 24 h and mode of feeding since birth. The modes of feeding were defined as: Exclusive breastfeeding when infant received only breast milk and no other liquids or solids except drops or syrups consisting of vitamins, minerals, or medicines; Exclusive replacement feeding when infant received nothing else except a suitable breast milk substitutes in the form of commercial infant formula; and Mixed feeding when infant received breast milk and any other food or liquid including water, non-human milk and formula. For the mode of feeding since birth, infants who had received pre-lacteals and/ or post-lacteals were classified as mixed feeding regardless of the feeding mode in the previous 24 h. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
For qualitative data, content analysis was conducted for the Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant Interviews. The discussions and the interviews were transcribed verbatim and translated into English by the researchers. They were then read through several times by the researchers and the information from the FGDs categorized into sub-themes: experiences the mothers/caregivers had on feeding practice chosen; challenges faced; and suggestions for feeding practices of HIV-exposed infants. The information categories obtained in the focus group discussion analysis were used to organize the information in each key informant interview according to the informant category: nutritionist, nurses, adherence counsellors and clinical officers. Illustrative quotations were also selected from the discussions and interviews.
Logistical and ethical considerations
Ethical clearance was sought from Kenyatta University Ethical Review Committee PKU/381/E33 and Tenwek Institution Research Committee. A research permit was obtained from the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation. Informed voluntary consent was sought from the mothers/caregivers and healthcare workers in form of signatures or thumb-print. Participants' privacy and confidentiality has been ensured by the use of codes rather than names.
Demographic characteristics of infants and their mothers/caregivers
There were more female infants (54.2 %), than males (45.8 %). The majority (45.8 %) were 2–3 months of age, while those of 0–1 month of age comprised 10.2 % of the total study population (Table 1). The mothers/caregivers' ages in complete years ranged from 16–36 years with a mean age of 25.2 ± 3.6 years. Most mothers/caregivers (69.4 %) were married, 22 % were never married and 7.7 % were either divorced or separated. More than half of the participants (58.5 %) had only 1 child, 35.6 % had 2 to 3 children while 5.9 % had more than 3 children. Most of the participants were the infants' mothers (96.6 %) while 3.4 % were caregivers.
Table 1 Socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the mothers/caregivers
Socio-economic characteristics of the mothers/caregivers
More than half of the mothers/caregivers had completed primary education (55.9 %), with 9.3 % having no formal education. More than a third of the participants (39 %) were housewives (Table 1). Most mothers/caregivers (69.5 %) were earning a monthly income of between 0 and 5000 Kenyan Shillings (0–50 United States Dollar); 100 Kenyan shillings = 1 United States Dollar.
Feeding practices among the infants
From the findings, most mothers/caregivers (95.3 %) who breastfed their infants met the WHO recommendation of initiating breastfeeding within the first 1 h of birth (Table 2). Another positive finding was that most mothers/caregivers (92.5 %) did not give pre-lacteals upon delivery as only 7.5 % reported having given pre-lacteals. Further, majority of the mothers (90.7 %) had ever breast fed their infants since birth, with 89.7 % having breastfed their infants in the last 24 h. The findings show that most mothers/caregivers followed the WHO recommendations of infant feeding, as 73.7 % of them exclusively breast fed their infants, while 14.4 % practiced exclusive replacement feeding. Only 11.9 % mixed fed their infants. All infants reported to have been breastfed were by their biological mothers as no wet nursing or use of donated breast milk was reported.
Table 2 Breastfeeding practices since delivery
The findings from the focus group discussions and key informant interviews, were in agreement with the quantitative findings as most participants felt that all mothers should breastfeed their infants and that breastfeeding should start immediately after birth. The majority of the participants in the focus groups did not support giving other foods to the baby before initiating breastfeeding. A few felt that they needed to give a little water, 'I normally give water as it makes the throat wet and because the milk may not have started coming out yet,' (M1FGD1, 2015).
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was practiced by most of the mothers and most of them had a positive attitude towards it. Those on EBF and exclusive replacement feeding (ERF) reported to have gotten information from the healthcare practitioners during their antenatal clinic visits. Those who breastfed said they chose to breastfeed because of its availability, requires no preparation and is nutritionally balanced. Those who chose to practice ERF however, had mixed opinions. Some chose to practice ERF because they feared transmitting the virus to the child, one of the caregivers reported choosing ERF because the mother of the infant died after delivery while another chose ERF because she was advised by a healthcare worker. Most mothers/caregivers agreed that mixed feeding was an inappropriate choice of feeding. One of the mothers/caregivers (M2FGD4, 2015) said, "We are advised in the ANC clinic not to give our children any food other than breast milk before 6 months." From the key informant interviews EBF and ERF were part of the health education given at the Maternal and Child Health clinic.
Nutrition status of the infants
More than half of the infants were well nourished (normal), based on their length for age (57.7 %), weight for age (60.2 %) and weight for length (76.3 %) z-scores (Table 3). The mean length for age, weight for age and weight for length were -0.47 ± 1.5, -0.50 ± -0.01 and -0.08 ± 1.04 respectively (Table 3).
Table 3 Nutrition status of infants
Prevalence of morbidity in the previous 2 weeks and its association with nutrition status
Majority of the infants (90.7 %) had not had any illness in the previous 2 weeks. Only 9.3 % had fallen ill with most of them having diarrhoea (Table 4).
Table 4 Prevalence of morbidity in the past 2 weeks
The likelihood of illness was analysed by nutrition indices. There was no significant association between recent illness and stunting as well as underweight (Table 5). There was however, a significantly higher likelihood of wasting among infants who had been ill in the previous 2 weeks. Infants who were ill were 20.57 times more likely to be wasted than those who were not ill.
Table 5 Likelihood of recent illness and nutrition status
Association between nutrition status and infant feeding practices
There was no significant difference in the likelihood of stunting and underweight among infants on exclusive breastfeeding with those on exclusive replacement feeding (OR = 0.885; p = 0.110; 95 % CI 0.061–2.327) and (OR = 0.861; p = 0.243; 95 % CI 0.152–4.682) respectively (Table 6). In contrast, infants on mixed feeding were 2.401 and 2.001 times more likely to be stunted and underweight than those on exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 2.401; p = 0.001; 95 % CI 0.906–5.806) and (OR = 2.001; p = 0.001; 95 % CI 0.328–6.124) respectively. There was however no significant difference in the likelihood of wasting among infants on exclusive breastfeeding with those on exclusive replacement feeding (OR = 0.186; p = 0.996; 95 % CI 0.011–3.130) and on mixed feeding (OR = 1.528; p = 0.614; 95 % CI 0.294–7.954).
Table 6 Association between nutrition status and infant feeding practices
Comparison of mean z-scores by mode of infant feeding
The mean z-scores for weight for length, weight for age and length for age were also compared by modes of feeding. The mean weight for length z-scores for infants on exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive replacement feeding and mixed feeding were not significantly different (ANOVA; p = 0.151) (Table 7). The mean weight for age for those on mixed feeding was significantly different from those on EBF (ANOVA; p < 0.001) and ERF (ANOVA; p < 0.001). Those on EBF and ERF however, had no significant difference in their mean weight for age. Similar findings were observed for mean length for age z-scores.
Table 7 Comparison of mean z-scores by mode of infant feeding
The findings of this study in which more infants were on exclusive breastfeeding, compared to those on exclusive replacement feeding and mixed feeding show the same trends as the Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) in which most infants are on EBF [4]. The KDHS however, covers data of the general population with no clear statistics on HIV specific rates of exclusive breastfeeding. Other studies with similar findings among HIV-exposed infants include a study conducted in Kisumu, Kenya, and another one in northwest Ethiopia where majority of the mothers practiced exclusive breastfeeding [18, 19]. The findings of this study were however, higher than the findings in studies conducted in India (37.2 %) and Yobe State and Ibadan in Nigeria (21.1 and 6.2 % respectively) [20–22]. HIV-exposed infants who are on mixed feeds are at increased risk of contacting the HIV through breastfeeding since mixed feeding carries a greater risk of transmission because the other liquids and foods given to the baby alongside the breast milk can damage the already delicate and permeable gut wall of the infant and allow the virus to be transmitted more easily. Mixed feeding also poses the risks of contamination and diarrhea [10, 23, 24].
The findings from this study on nutrition status are in agreement with KDHS where the level of stunting in Bomet County is 35.5 %, underweight (12 %) and low wasting (1.8 %) [4]. Some of the possible reasons for these high levels of malnutrition could be low socio-economic status as most of the mothers/caregivers in this study were of low socio-economic status. Similar findings were found in studies conducted in Nairobi, Kenya, where there was a drop in length for age, weight for age and weight for length z-scores by the age of 3 weeks among HIV-exposed infants [10, 25]. In the wider African context, studies conducted in Tanzania, South Africa and in Zambia also yielded similar results [26–28]. In contrast, the rates of stunting, underweight and wasting among HIV-exposed infants 0–6 months of age were low in studies conducted in Tanzania and Europe [29–31]. They however, found significantly lower nutrition status as age increased. In the study conducted in Tanzania, stunting, underweight and wasting were prevalent among HIV-exposed infants at 8.7, 7.0 and 7.2 months respectively [30].
As expected, the nutrition status was better among infants who were on exclusive breast feeding and exclusive replacement feeding as recommended by WHO. The finding where most infants on exclusive breastfeeding and exclusive replacement feeding had normal nutrition status was not unique to this study. Katepa-Bwayla [32] also found that nutrition status was significantly associated with infant feeding practices in Zambia, where those on EBF were likely to have good nutrition status. Findings from studies conducted in Nairobi, and Bangladesh were also similar to the current study where infants who were not on EBF for 6 months were more likely to be underweight than those who were on EBF [33, 34].
In contrast, in Nigeria no significant association was found between type of feeding and HIV exposure at 6 weeks, while in Malawi, EBF was not associated with length for age, weight for age or weight for length z-scores among infants 0–6 months [10, 35]. Another study in Europe found neither length nor weight to be associated with HIV-exposure at birth [31]. Differences between infected and uninfected children however increased with age in this study. A randomized control trial conducted in Nairobi also found no significant difference in the nutrition status of infants on EBF and those on ERF. Stunting was however prevalent among these children at the age of 2 years [26].
The positive influence that exclusive breastfeeding and exclusive replacement feeding had on the nutrition status of infants in this study can be explained by the fact that breast milk is the best source of nourishment as it has complete nutrients and confers immunological benefits to the baby. Further, in exclusive breastfeeding, there is less exposure to unsafe water as is common in resource-limited settings, which could result in illnesses such as diarrhoea and vomiting, as well as poor nutrition status. Most women in this study were of low socio-economic status, and thus exclusive replacement feeding may not be acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable or safe in this setting. This study adds to the existing evidence that exclusive breastfeeding promotes good nutrition status among HIV-exposed infants. It therefore, supports the recommendations by WHO and Kenya's Ministry of Health.
Limitation of the study
The study did not reveal the influence that time or different seasons in the year may have on infant feeding practices, as well as the changes in feeding practices that may occur with infant age, as this information was only collected at one point in time. The sample size was also limited due to the small sampling frame and the target population which was HIV-exposed infants 0–5 months of age. The study therefore adopted a comprehensive sample in which all those who met the inclusion criteria participated in the study.
Most participants followed the recommended feeding practice (exclusive breastfeeding or exclusive replacement feeding). Mixed feeding was recorded for 11.9 %, implying that this population is at a higher risk for mother to child transmission of HIV as well as malnutrition and other childhood illness such as diarrhoea and upper respiratory tract infections. More than a third of the infants were chronically malnourished, with a fifth acutely malnourished. Mixed feeding increased the likelihood for malnutrition. We recommend that the Kenya Ministry of Health and National AIDS and STI Control Programme develop a policy to support infants who qualify for exclusive replacement feeding but whose mothers/ caregivers face constraints in complying.
EBF, exclusive breast feeding; ERF, exclusive replacement feeding; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; IYCF, infant and young child feeding; LAZ, length-for-age Z-scores; WAZ, weight-for-age Z-scores; WHO, World Health Organization; WLZ, weight-for-length Z-scores
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We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Joseph Waitara who assisted in the data analysis.
The study was funded by the authors.
The authors will not share the data because the health facility has not granted permission for use in repositories.
PCL: initiation of the study, design, implementation and writing. IAO: design, implementation, analysis and writing. AS: implementation and co- writing. GO: critique and writing. MM: critique and writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Ethical clearance for the study was sought from Kenyatta University Ethical Review Committee number PKU/381/E33 and Tenwek Institution Research Committee. A research permit was obtained from the Kenyan National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation.
Voluntary informed consent was sought from all mothers/caregivers and healthcare workers in form of signatures or thumb-prints. Those who declined to participate were excluded from the study. Participants' privacy and confidentiality has been ensured by the use of codes rather than names.
School of Applied Human Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kenyatta University, P.O BOX 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
Purity Chepkorir Lang'at & Irene Awuor Ogada
School of Nursing and Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, 3869 University Avenue, Nova scotia, Canada
Audrey Steenbeek
School of Tourism, Hospitality and Events Management, Department of Tourism Management, Moi University, P.O.BOX. 3900-0301, Eldoret, Kenya
Godfrey Odinga
General Surgery Department, Tenwek Hospital, P.O Box 39-20400, Bomet, Kenya
Michael M. Mwachiro
Purity Chepkorir Lang'at
Irene Awuor Ogada
Correspondence to Purity Chepkorir Lang'at.
Lang'at, P.C., Ogada, I.A., Steenbeek, A. et al. Do the feeding practices and nutrition status among HIV-exposed infants less than 6 months of age follow the recommended guidelines in Bomet County, Kenya?. BMC Nutr 2, 43 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-016-0084-4
HIV-exposed
Exclusive replacement feeding
Mixed feeding
Nutrition status
Wasting


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Firstly, you have to know the most important ranking factor that is watch time of your video. It means the number of minutes or hours your video is watched. It tells the quality of your content and YouTube always promotes quality content via suggested video and much more.
So, to get more views you need to get more watch times. To get more watch time you have to create the video in an entertaining way or in an informative way, you can add jokes or facts between the video. You can create longer videos to get more watch time.
At the starting, you can create some suspense to encourage your viewers to watch the video until the end and can help you to get more watch time.
Watch time is everything on YouTube and you can add a clear voice and visual on the video to interact with your viewers so they can give you more watch time.
The most essential thing you have to care is your content will be accurate and which adds value to your viewers. In short, try to do your best while creating your video and most importantly your research will be accurate. Try to create a video in such a way that every doubt of your viewers will clear. It means to find out the problems people are facing on that topic, you can use Quora or forums like Warrior Forums to get the most common problem. Then, next explain briefly about the question in your videos.
Another important point you have to care while creating the video is audience retention. It means the percentage of people are interacting with your content and hit like, comment and subscribe to your videos.
To get more audience retention you can encourage your viewers to like, comment and subscribe. You can also ask MCQ to your viewers and ask them to give their answers in the comment. You can also add polls in your videos.
This is the most precious period which executes you to rank and to get more views.
There are a lot of points you need to care while uploading your video on YouTube we'll discuss it ahead briefly.
To get ranking you have to express about your video to the search engine and for this, you can do SEO(Search Engine Optimization). It is the action done by us which explains your content quality to the Search Engines and YouTube will promote your video via suggested video.
The first step of SEO is to find out the keywords which are less competitive and enough searches. To find out the keyword you can use tube buddy extension or tube buddy application if you are doing with your smartphone.
Next, it is time to write that keyword in your title, write in a different and interesting way so the viewer will click on your videos and if you'll get more clicks it will also impact your search rankings. In short, write a compelling title.
Now, it is time to write a brief description. YouTube allows you to write 5000 characters and try to claim your maximum limit and repeat your keywords as much as you can on your description. Try to add links, it also impacts rankings[minor].
Add most relevant and famous tags and try to repeat your tags' keywords in your title and description but not excessive. You can also you use other's tags by using tube buddy extension and maybe YouTube will suggest your video on that videos.
Add cards and end screen to your video which will also help you to get views on your other videos.
Now, the most important thing for getting more views that is Thumbnail. Create a thumbnail which creates suspense and exciting for others. Don't use excessive texts, colors, and pictures. Try to keep it clear and effective which attracts viewers to click.
When your channel has no fan base then, you will not get views at the initial stage because no one knows you. So, at the initial stage, you have to promote your videos at the targeted audience who can watch your video fully.
You should promote your videos at the targeted audience who can give you good watch time and audience retention so YouTube will promote your video.
The 3rd most popular website of the world that is Facebook which can give you huge traffic.
You can promote your videos on the relevant pages and from there you can get good numbers of views.
You can also promote your content on the groups which are similar to your niche and from there you can get your targeted audience. You can also comment on the posts which are similar to your videos.
You can also use Reddit for getting views from the targeted audience. Use multi subreddits and relevant subreddits.
a) YouTube is worth targeting if you wanted to grow your business, earn money, become a social activist.
b) You must have to keep patience.
c) You must have to be consistent.
d) You must have to keep improving.
e) You have to create videos on evergreen topics. trending topics, etc.
f) Improve your watch times by adding jokes and facts between the video.
g) Create suspense at the starting.
h) Ask MCQ to the viewers.
i) Encourage viewers to like, comment, subscribe and view.
j) Try to repeat keywords in the title, description, and tags.
h) Write a compelling title.
i) Create an attractive thumbnail.
j) Promote videos across Facebook, Reddit, WhatsApp, Google+, Quora, etc.
The article is written by Piyush Singh, founder of Brite Knight a tech related company and they post tech related articles on their blogging website brite-knight.com. The team of brite knight try to explain their knowledge in such way that even a new born baby will understand that.
Nothing is impossible until you don't try. This post with the ultimate way for successful YouTuber is really amazing as this share the important factors for successful YouTuber.


text:
Q: How to replace a string by using UNIX command? How to replace a string by  number of times other/itself string?
e.g. UNIX is good.
replace UNIX by 4 times
O/p : UNIXUNIXUNIXUNIX is good.
How to do similar way  n times?.

A: This one is good too
echo 'UNIX is good.' | sed 's/[^ ]*/&&&&/'

A: With this test file:
$ cat File
UNIX is good.

Try:
$ awk -v n=4 '{for (i=1;i<n;i++)sub(/(UNIX)+/, "&UNIX")} 1' File
UNIXUNIXUNIXUNIX is good.

Or:
$ s='UNIX is good.'
$ n=4; for ((i=1;i<n;i++)); do s=${s/UNIX/UNIXUNIX}; done; echo "$s"
UNIXUNIXUNIXUNIX is good.

A: a perl script:
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $n= 4;
print 'UNIX'x$n . ' is good';

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Sep 8, 2020, 12:32pm EDT
Back To School 2020: Expectations Gaps Loom Large
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Feb 11, 2015, 10:14am EST |
Gaming Can Give Troubled Teens Another Shot At Learning
Nick MorrisonContributor
Students who get turned off by education can struggle to see the point of schools, but one project is showing how gaming can give troubled teens another shot at learning.
Games developer Kuato has already won plaudits for its work in schools, where students have to learn basic code to take a robot through an adventure/shoot-em-up game.
To date, the game has proved a hit in schools from Eton to the East End of London, and has been used in more than one million coding sessions in schools across the world, the equivalent of 60,000 hours of teaching code.
But in a new departure, Kuato has gone into a school for students who struggle to engage with mainstream education, to see if coding can give them a reason to learn.
The Pavilion Study Centre in north London caters for teenagers who have been unable to settle in regular schools. Most have poor attendance records, and many have either already been excluded from school or were at serious risk of exclusion.
So it would seem an ideal test-bed to see if coding can succeed where alternative approaches have failed.
And the results suggest that creating games does have the power to switch students back on to education.
The approach is simple, says David Miller, Kuato's director of learning and a former U.K. teacher of the year. Students can only play the game once they have learned to write a few lines of Javascript.
The lesson taps into a fascination with gaming, while showing they can be creators as well as players. At the same time, it presents an alternative vision of the point of education.
"They have a natural interest in computer games – they are the millennium generation who have grown up with games – but they're also interested to know there is a way of being creative," says Miller.
"So much of mainstream school is about passing exams to go into medicine or law or engineering, and so many kids are turned off by that particular path."
As the lesson progressed, Miller says the students went from suspicion at another group of 'experts' coming in telling them what to do, to an enthusiastic engagement with the project.
Kevin Matthews, assistant head at the Pavilion, said learning to code – and being able to play with the results – had a dramatic effect on the students.
"Most of our students are lacking in confidence and self-esteem and they often have issue with trust, and we have some who find it difficult to focus on an activity," he says.
"But they really did love it. It was similar to a game they could buy in the shops so they didn't feel they were being fobbed off, and they could see immediate results. They could see the effect of what they put in."
Such instant feedback is not always apparent in education, and it was also notable that some of those who picked it up quickly were eager to help the less able students, Matthews adds.
Exercises such as this help students to realise they do not have to be just consumers of technology, says Richard Crick, the centre's IT co-ordinator. It's not just the Kuato project. The centre also teaches students to create their own apps, for example.
This in turn helps the students believe that a worthwhile career may not be closed to them after all, despite the fact they are unlikely to leave education with a string of qualifications.
"We're empowering them to control the technology they're using," says Crick.
A particularly interesting element of the project is that the students were encouraged to become self-directed learners, in a way that mimics game-playing itself. "They teach themselves to play the game as well as learning from the game," says Miller.
He believes projects such as this can have a domino effect, translating a new-found interest in learning into other areas. "It is a way of accessing the learning instinct," he says.
Of course this project does not mean that computer games are the way to get every disaffected student interested in learning. But it underlines that where teenagers are switched off from education, then looking at alternatives to traditional teaching may not be a bad place to start.
I'm a freelance journalist specializing in education. My career so far has taken in regional and national newspapers and magazines, including Forbes, The Daily Telegraph
I'm a freelance journalist specializing in education. My career so far has taken in regional and national newspapers and magazines, including Forbes, The Daily Telegraph and the Guardian. A lot has changed since I started covering education as a wide-eyed junior reporter in the early 1990s, not least the role of technology in the classroom, but as long as perfection remains just out of reach there will be plenty to discuss. I've been hooked on news since setting up a school magazine at 15, but these days I stick to reporting and let someone else sell the adverts, set the crossword and staple the pages together.


text:
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	You may obtain a copy of the License at

	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

	Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	limitations under the License.
-->
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            <groupId>com.btmatthews.ldapunit</groupId>
            <artifactId>ldapunit</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Twitter SMS fees: Ev responds
Twitter founders Ev Williams and Biz Stone quickly quashed my suggestion last night that the service gets a cut from the fees users are charged for receiving text messages. Good for them. But that's a lot of money Twitter is leaving on the table.
Written by Phil Wainewright, Contributor on March 27, 2007
Evan Williams and Biz Stone of Obvious Corp very promptly and properly responded to my posting last night on How does Twitter not make money? in which I reported that some Twitter users had been surprised by big phone bills for their SMS messaging. I added that I'd be "astonished" if Twitter wasn't getting a cut of those SMS fees. In a posting Biz made to the Twitter blog, which Ev reposted here as a TalkBack comment, the Twitter duo firmly quashed that suggestion:
"Phil also floats the idea that Twitter somehow earns money from your texting while in fact the opposite is true. We've negotiated for good bulk rates but we still pay for this SMS traffic just like we pay for storage, hosting, employee salaries, Odwalla bars, tea, the occasional team lunch, and all the other parts of running Twitter at Obvious HQ."
It's great to have that confirmed so unambiguously, and I also applaud their commitment to "scour the site and see if there aren't some more prominent places we can make sure folks are aware" of the potential costs of Twitter texting. Even though Twitter isn't responsible for those costs and makes no money from them, there's still a moral duty to make sure users are fully aware of the charges they could incur.
Now that Twitter's innocence is established, the cellular networks can be seen as the clear villains of the piece. They are making handsome profits from Twitter's SMS users. Cellular subscribers typically pay 10 to 15c for any message beyond the monthly total included in their calling plan. Even if they sign up for a high-volume plan, at say $15 per month for 1500 texts, that's still 1c per message. With a maximum 140 characters per message, that grosses up to a $75 per megabyte charge [UPDATE: a 7314% markup, says The Consumerist].
One can only guess at how much Twitter is generating in revenues for the networks. Twitter is currently getting 70000 messages posted to its site a day, and many of them are distributed to large numbers of subscribers, so even if each message earns the networks 2c or less, that still adds up to thousands of dollars per day. We don't know how much of that usage is incremental and how much is already paid for on people's existing subscriber packages, but however you look at it, Twitter is leaving a lot of money on the table by not taking a cut of those fees.
So here's the interesting question: Will the networks see sense and cut a deal with Twitter to maximize SMS usage by, for example, letting Twitter sell plan upgrades to its users in return for a cut of the revenues? Twitter would look good to users by helping them minimize their texting costs, and the networks would get more income from subscribers as well as better returns on their investment in SMS circuits. They would also find a leap in innovation on the back of Twitter's newly extended API, which would lead to even more SMS takeup. Twitter's future would be assured with a solid revenue model established.
Or will the networks act defensively, interpreting Twitter's API as a threat to their existing shortcodes revenue streams (see yesterday's post for more on this)? Unfortunately, the telecoms industry doesn't have a good track record of encouraging innovation and new entrants, especially when it relates to the Internet.


Circular Economy Leadership Coalition Launches » Recycle BC - Making a difference together.
The global issue of plastic pollution is in the forefront of headlines and reports. You can take action at home by reducing use and recycling but is there more that can be done?
While Recycle BC manages BC's recycling program and helps educate residents to reduce and recycle packaging and paper, we also participate in initiatives that can support an effective plastics system like the New Plastics Economy initiative.
It's exciting and encouraging to see other substantial advances in this area by others. In June, at the G7 Summit Canada tabled an Ocean Plastics Charter which calls on industry, governments, and communities around the world to take a circular approach to managing plastics. More recently, at the recent meeting of the G7 environment ministers in Halifax, Unilever Vice President & General Council at Unilever Canada, and Recycle BC Board Chair, John Coyne, and other sustainable thought-leaders launched the Circular Economy Leadership Coalition (CELC) with a mission to develop a national strategy to accelerate Canada's circular economy.
Products have historically been designed for convenience but with no consideration of the waste left behind or potential pollution caused by products or packaging that 'leaks' into the environment. Take a raw material, make something, use it, and dispose it; that is a linear economy. The solution is in the circular economy where we design products so resources can be reused and reinvested in new products again and again, preventing it from polluting the environment.
Recycling is an integral part of a circular economy. In order to reuse, recycle and recover materials, all stages of the lifecycle should be considered. The way to reuse and reinvest in new products again and again is to design for recyclability and to have the proper policies and infrastructure in place to support reuse and recycling.
"The current models of production, distribution and disposal need a radical transformation to enable a smarter, more productive cycle of productivity to emerge, one that will reveal both the economic and environmental benefits currently being overlooked. The CELC can kickstart the critical mass of support needed across businesses, government and civil society to allow this economic transformation to occur." John D. Coyne, Co-chair, CELC, and Vice-President and General Counsel, UNILEVER Canada.
Read more about the CELC vision and mission here.


We have 1 answer for the clue Early automaker Henry and others. See the results below.
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Applications are invited from eligible candidates for admission to Ph. D / M. Phil Degree at West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences.
Any candidate who satisfies the following conditions is eligible to seek registration for Ph.D. in the University upon application for provisional registration.
The candidate shall have LL.M degree or any Masters degree having the potentiality of interdisciplinary study with law from any University recognized by UGC or equivalent LL.M or Masters Degree of foreign University with a minimum of 55% marks or equivalent CGPA. However, this condition is relaxed to 50% in case of candidates belonging to SC and ST.
Candidates who have qualified for UGC/SLET/SET/JRF fellowships are exempted from Entrance Test.
Candidates with M. Phil degree from any recognized University are exempted from Entrance Test.
Admission to Ph.D shall be through an Entrance test followed by an interview.
Foreign candidates who have LL.M. degree from a foreign university or Indian university with a minimum of 55% marks or equivalent Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) shall be exempted from Entrance Test. But they shall submit a research proposal to the satisfaction of the Doctoral Committee.


Powered by Razer Chroma with 16.8 million customizable color options. Micro-Textured Cloth Surface for speed and control playstyles. Optimized for All Sensitivity Settings and Sensors for responsiveness and performance. Inter-Device Color Synchronization for seamless lighting across devices. Supersized Surface Area – At 11.57 x 36.22 inches, enjoy an expansive, extra-large surface area.
The Razer Goliathus Chroma soft gaming mouse mat is now Powered by Razer Chroma. Featuring multi-color lighting with inter-device color synchronization, the bestselling mat has an optimized micro-textured cloth surface to allow for both speed and control playstyles—providing ultimate precision no matter what game you play. Optimized for all sensors, playstyles and sensitivity settings, you get total tracking responsiveness and performance. Powered by Razer Chroma. Balanced for speed and control playstyles. Optimized surface for all mice and sensors. Inter-device color synchronization.


text:
January 20, 2022 | The Fed's Next Green Leap Forward (and More)? | National Review
Home U.S.
One More Thing on Section 3 of the 14th Amendment | National Review
Posted By: Tony Beasley January 6, 2022
Former President Donald Trump looks on at his first post-presidency campaign rally in Wellington, Ohio, June 26, 2021. (Shannon Stapleton/Reuters)
I couldn't agree more with Dan's historical explanation of why Democrats will not be able to disqualify former President Trump under Section 3 of the 14th Amendment. I would merely add to the textual aspect of his post a point I have made before: By a commonsense construction of its terms, Section 3 does not apply to the president. It states:
No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. [Emphasis added.]
The amendment explicitly refers to senators and members of the House, but when it comes to the executive branch, it refers to electors of the president and vice president, not the president and vice president themselves. Plainly, if it had been the purpose of the amendment's framers to include the president and vice president, they'd have said so — they wouldn't have left it at electors.
The presidency and the vice presidency are specially elected executive offices. Incumbents of these lofty positions are not mere "officers of the United States," a term that generally refers to officials appointed by the president. Furthermore, it would make no sense to believe the amendment's drafters intended the term "officer of the United States" was meant to include the president, after the drafters went to the trouble of specifically invoking the president in providing a disqualification for electors of the president. Again, if they'd meant to include the president, they'd have said so.
It should also be noted that the only sensible reason for impeaching Trump by the time the House voted to do so on January 13, 2021 was to trigger the disqualification remedy for impeachment. There was no need to remove him from office at that point: The expiration of his term was imminent when the House voted to approve the impeachment article, and he was already out of office by the time of his Senate trial. If Trump was not disqualified under the impeachment clause, a remedy that undeniably applied to him, he is not going to be disqualified under the 14th Amendment, which doesn't.
#Section #14th #Amendment #National #Review
Tony Beasley
Tony Beasley writes for the Local News, US and the World Section of ANH.
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Medical staff treat a COVID-19 patient in the ICU at Western Reserve Hospital in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, January 5, 2022. (Shannon Stapleton/Reuters) Princeton's "infanticide bioethicist"…
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This pretty baluster was in the garden of a castle I visited yesterday. I got as close as my camera would allow to capture some detail. I love the grain in the stone and the Ivy growing around the columns.
Great detail in the photos. The stone is so weathered and you can almost feel the texture though the photos.
Oh, Jientje, these are lovely.
These are just beautiful! The texture of the stone against the vine made for a nice combo!
I love the detail and the tones!
I love what you can do with things that seem so ordinary. You see things I would never see.
I enjoy your comments on my blog, but please don't say you don't understand my stuff. You are too bright to be saying that. You comprehend more than you think.
There's something very graceful and appealing about the combination of old stone and ivy, isn't there? And this old baluster is gorgeous! I like the second shot best. You did a great job!
i love ivy & i love castles...splendid shots!
I like the way you've framed the first image.
I agree. The grain of the stone and ivy is wonderful in these!
The photos could represent one's path in life itself in a hard world...with all the twists and turns...being flexible helps one survive.


Great news- Dublin has another new restaurant opening! Bow Lane is set to open in the buildings formerly occupied by Delaney's Bar and Off Licence on Aungier Street. Driven and headed by Whitefriar Grill's owner Geoff Nordell, the project has involved extensive refurbishment to the rundown building, making an excellent new addition to the thriving street.
Geoff's dream is to bring to Dublin an authentic inner city pub experience offering modern cocktails alongside really excellent food. The Bar will be overseen by Dan Mulligan, the national and internationally award winning mixologist, while the kitchen is headed by New York native Steve Levine (formerly of Mario Batali's Restaurants in NYC).
woodford reserve bourbon, fernet branca, maraschino liqueur, sugar syrup, chocolate bitters, all stirred & strained over ice & served in a chilled rocks glass.
muddled fresh lime wedges, raspberries & caster sugar, absolut peach, apricot brandy, shaken & strained into a champagne flute topped w/ prosecco.
A full dinner menu is also available as well as finger food bites to enjoy over a few cocktails.
The full menu and more info can be found here.