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AXI Testing: Validating PCB Production
It's fun to look at the ads of bygone eras and reminisce (or maybe just laugh) before the centralization of the internet. When kids still read comics and print magazines, there would be ads hawking typical products that appeal to children: candy, toys, breakfast cereal, and more. Looking back, some of my favorites were the novelty products at the back of a comic book, with none being more famous than the "x-ray specs." The glasses, of course, did not project x-rays, rather they placed a slit in two paper lenses with a thin material interspersed between them to diffract light and form two semi-overlapping images.
In reality, x-ray inspection has transformed our ability to view internals. While most of us are familiar with x-rays at the dentist or doctor's office, they also have a relevant use in electronics manufacturing. Automated x-ray inspection, or AXI testing, is a crucial quality checkpoint that allows production to evaluate and refine processes while maximizing yield.
Demystifying X-ray Inspection Technology
PCBs are highly technical productions, marrying many different scientific disciplines. At its most basic level, a completed PCB is the culminating work of many fabrication steps and the addition of meticulously-built parts. Although shops and component manufacturers are vested in reducing the incidence of failure, it's unrealistic to expect large quantity runs not to experience some failure. The task then becomes recognizing failure modes and ferreting them early as a cost-saving measure and, hopefully, a tool to further diagnose issues during manufacturing for future runs.
A major difficulty, however, is the inability to properly assuage completed work once it is bonded with other pieces. Solder joints, formed between components and the bare board, establish electrical and thermal continuity and allow for the typical functionality associated with electronics. Based on the complexity of the assembly, solder joints can be small, numerous, and densely distributed in such a way that makes standard optical inspection highly impractical.
AXI testing cuts to the heart of the matter by bombarding the PCB with high-intensity, short-wavelength light to assess the solder structure underneath leads. Different materials exhibit different rates of absorption/scattering due to their density. A detector opposite the PCB side facing the x-ray source will produce grayscale spectra depending on the amount of light passing through. This process is useful for all package types. Still, it becomes a necessity for BGAs, LGAs, and other similar devices where the leads are obscured by the package itself, and the low profile of the case prevents any possible viewing angle.
AXI testing can create images in two- or three-dimensions, depending on the technology utilized:
2D: Also known as transmission imaging. X-rays generated at a source pass through the board to a detector. Light passes easily through the substrate and with relative difficulty through solder metals, particularly in cases where leaded solder is still permissible.
3D: AXI machines take cross-sectional slices using a method known as laminography. The source and detector are displaced relatively to blur out the non-slice portions of the board selectively. Resolution is measured in the ability to take smaller slices of images. The number of slices for proper placement and solder detection can vary depending on the solder joint. BGAs require additional imaging at the center of the solder ball to detect its circumference. Still, more standard packages will only need to track the component's orientation and the volume of solder deposited.
The Role and Value of AXI Testing
Where does the automation in AXI come into play? Computer systems can be trained on correct models to provide a heuristic for determining what constitutes a passing and failing solder joint. This machine learning is not instantaneous, instead taking numerous examples under training supervision to form its criteria. However, once trained, an AXI test can achieve high levels of defect discovery, even in HDI designs. Additionally, a massive increase in processing speed is realizable, further endearing the technology to high-volume lots.
Unsurprisingly, 3D imaging performance far exceeds that of 2D imaging, although the latter can still act as a valuable process indicator and comfortably detect at an overall high level. Whereas 3D imaging can identify several different factors of a solder joint, a 2D image can only determine a solder joint based on its area; area alone may be insufficient when determining the quality of a solder joint. However, this detection method is computationally lightweight and can be combined with other tests to diagnose the circuit's potential failures accurately. From a more general production standpoint, AXI of any dimension can track the occurrence of failure modes throughout multiple revisions to ensure the minimization of yield loss due to manufacturing error.
Despite the sophistication of 3D AXI imaging, the procedure still has defects that may pass through undiagnosed. An x-ray image of a solder joint may show sufficient solder on a pad, yet the solder may have failed to wet and wick around the pin properly. Cases like these can be missed by x-ray inspection alone, but the takeaway should not be the false positive errors found in AXI testing. Instead, the focus should be on the defect coverage, and convenience AXI does provide. Examples include the ability to gauge otherwise unviewable solder joints accurately and the speed with which it can assess boards with bonds numbering in the tens of thousands.
Your Contract Manufacturer Offers Comprehensive Testing on Every Board
AXI testing is an invaluable diagnostic tool that, alongside other common inspection/evaluation methods such as AOI, ICT, and functional testing, bestows a high degree of manufacturing confidence in error detection. Established PCB manufacturers are well-suited not only to produce boards that minimize the occurrence of errors but also lend themselves to ease of detection with many common failure modes.
Whether you're working on a board facing production-related revisions or entering uncharted waters with an NPI, VSE is here to help. At VSE, we're a team of engineers who build electronics for our customers, and we take immense pride in our work, bringing customers' products to fruition for over forty years. Operating with our valued manufacturing partners, we aim to deliver nothing less than an utterly exceptional PCBA.
If you are looking for a CM that prides itself on its care and attention to detail to ensure that each PCB assembly is built to the highest standards, look no further than VSE. Contact us today to learn more about partnering with us for your next project.
Category: BlogBy VSE | Test Department January 12, 2023
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Johnny was just an infant in 1964 when the Democratic Convention came to town and his mother, Betty Boyle, vanished without a trace. Intrigued, Meg hits the Boardwalk running to solve the 50-year-old case and bring some closure for Johnny. As she doggedly tracks down and interviews the surviving witnesses, including a former senator with powerful ties, she stumbles onto a twisted cover-up. Someone is intent on keeping the Boyle case cold—even if that means icing Meg Daniels along with it.
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Leadership and Intercultural Dynamics
John Collard, University of Canberra
Anthony H. Normore, California State University Dominguez Hills
The work will explore issues related to educational leadership in various settings in the 21st century. It will argue that the context for leadership within many nation states and international scenarios involves interaction between multiple and diverse social cultures. A further proposition is that the dominant leadership theory and discourse in the past reflects forms of western hegemony and mono-cultural assumptions drawn largely from the Anglo-American worldview. It will argue that such frameworks have limited validity in multicultural societies such as Australia, Britain, Canada, Europe and the USA and with indigenous communities within such nations. These societies contain significant populations which do not share the core values which inform established leadership practice and institutional paradigms in such nations. The consequence can often be insensitivity towards non-mainstream cultures, inappropriate structures, failed interventions and alienation of individuals from major institutions and traditions.
Another proposition is that as more developing nations increase in affluence and view education as a key economic strategy, they become increasingly exposed to western discourses about leadership and management. Whilst acknowledging that western traditions have much to offer, there is a danger that this can involve forms of cultural imperialism whereby local traditions are ignored or subjugated. There is a need for developing nations to recognise and value the traditions and practices from their own cultures and assess the extent to which they are compatible with borrowings from other nations. Such processes require a sophisticated degree of reflective analysis to determine potential compatibilities and conflicts. This is an alternative to unmediated cultural borrowing, cloning, and hybridization. Western leadership scholars who work in such contexts have some responsibility to address this interaction instead of blithely offering practices and recipes from their metropolitan world views.
The final proposition is that there is a need to develop models and practices for intercultural dynamics which are responsive to intercultural complexity. When these are thoroughly developed there will be clear implications for education.
The unique features of this book include;
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Aerial Acrobatics for Anglers
It was many moons ago when Donna and I started fishing the Peconic River, somewhere between the formally named Indian Island Clubhouse Restaurant and the Route 105 Bridge in Riverhead, Long Island, New York. Donna and I were working a medium action spinning outfit and a fly rod: she, with ten-pound test monofilament line, tossing a 3/4 oz. Kastmaster; me with a fast-sinking shooting head carrying a Clouser Minnow; a deadly fly on many species. We were hooking up like there was no tomorrow. But with what, we weren't quite sure initially, as both of us were pretty new to fishing the suds. Silvery-greenish airborne specters vaulted high into the misty atmosphere then vanished instantly, spitting hooks as we threw a series of sissy fits. At first, we both believed we were into a school of bunker. But bunker don't blast lures with a vengeance or at all. That much we knew for sure. Something was surely fishy. I figured those acrobats belonged to something in the herring family species.
Well, the catch of our day was certainly confusing at first, but we had a good excuse. We had only made the transition from freshwater fly-fishing (for brookies, browns and rainbow trout) to the brine the season before. During a fall outing, in the same spot, the two of us had inadvertently snagged scores of menhaden (a.k.a. bunker or mossbunker) with Kastmasters. We hooked them in the back, the tail, the belly. However, the following season, they—or so we thought—were the same fish as the season before, striking our lures with a vengeance: the Kastmaster and the Clouser Minnow, too. We soon learned that what we were hooking into were, indeed, hickory shad, not menhaden: wild, flying-out-of-the-water acrobatic show-offs. Fun! Fun! Fun! Like miniature tarpon, those torpedoes ascended and broke the surface straightaway. Donna duped several with the Kastmaster. I caught better than a dozen with the Clouser imitation. Still, we had lost many more than we actually landed. But why? Subsequent research revealed the answer. Like weakfish, hickory shad have thin, tissue paper-like mouths. They are to be played very gently—most carefully. And forget about trying to lift them out of the water by the leader.
I had broached the dubious shad/bunker subject with Mark Sedotti, a veteran fly caster who can send big fly patterns out to remarkable distances. At one of our Eastern Flyrodders monthly meetings (now defunct), Mark had been the evening's guest speaker. Later that evening, he told me all about shad and an old friend of his, Joe Brooks [former editor for Outdoor Life from 1968 to 1972, the year in which he passed away]. Mark and I discussed American shad, hickory shad, bunker, and other such species. Based on my story and details, the consensus referencing Mark and other club members was that the species in question was more than likely hickory shad.
A week or so later, back in our spot along the Peconic River, a surgical crescent cut created by a thirteen-and-a-quarter pound bluefish, which had attacked the quarry in question, having inhaled a chartreuse Clouser Minnow fly without conscience or fanfare, confirmed the species. Sure enough, the bodiless creature was the head of a hickory shad.
Off to Borders Bookstore (now defunct, too) for books covering chapter and verse concerning those aerial acrobats. Joe Brooks and Lefty Kreh cleared away the cobwebs often surrounding the enigma regarding those members of the herring family. Between Joe and Lefty, I had a pretty good idea how Donna and I can consistently land these celestial leapers, pledged to return all but a few to the waters for purposes of live-lining, for hickory shad do not make fine table fare as reported by those I spoke to and through the tomes of which I pored. Cookbooks included.
Succinctly, this is what I gleaned: American shad (Alosa sapidissima), which is prized for its roe and praised by a number of folks for its flesh, can be found along both sides of Long Island Sound, especially near the Connecticut River. Hickory shad (Pomolobus mediocris), however, sustain less desirable accolades, unless you are into pet food, fertilizer, chum, or live-lining as mentioned. According to James Peterson, award-winning cookbook writer, re Fish & Shellfish, the author feels that most people generally shy away from eating American shad because of all the tiny bones, yet he remains dauntless, emphatically stating that it is a delicious fish. Nowhere did I find anyone who condescends in accepting its cousin, ol' hickory, as acceptable cuisine.
Opinions and arguments set aside (especially from those who delight in creamed herring jammed into a jar), Donna and I can tell you firsthand that we had fantastic outings enjoying the aerial antics of those eighteen-inch anadromous acrobats.
For purposes of identification, note that hickory are smaller than their counterpart. Three and a half pounds tops, versus six to eight pounds; eighteen inches versus thirty inches, respectively. Also, the lower mandible of the hickory shad protrudes past the upper jaw while the mandibles of the American shad close evenly. This is the best way to distinguish the pair. Between menhaden and hickory shad, the picture may seem somewhat murky to the neophyte. So rather than get into confusing colors and questionable body markings, bunker simply will not take your lure nor give you an acrobatic show. Anglers will merely snag them—inadvertently or otherwise. In any event, you don't want hickory shad on the menu as the Catch of the Day or any day. And certainly not mossbunker, God forbid. But either of them acting as a magnet for the thirteen-plus pound bluefish or two thirty-two inch stripers we landed a week later, well, that's a lot like double-dipping and has certainly drawn us to the Peconic River, time and time again. You'll more than likely see Donna with her spinning outfit; me with my fly rod and a hickory shad pattern.
Donna's bunker snagged on a Kastmaster. Bob epoxies eyes on all Kastmasters.


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Albert Einstein Term Paper by ABCs
An analysis of Albert Einstein as a historical and scientific icon.
Published on Jun 07, 2009 in Physics (Matter and Energy)
This paper discusses how Einstein was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived and how he was also a celebrity - something with which he was very comfortable. It looks at how the very name, Einstein, is synonymous with genius and it all because a man thinking about beams of light challenged and subsequently changed history with thoughts about that light and how it interplays with space and time.
"It should also be recognized that Einstein did not just contribute to physics - he helped it evolve into what it is today. That includes all of the advancements that have been possible because of his theories. His theory of relativity was introduced in 1905 and by the end of the 1930s, he was already considered by many to be one of the greatest scientists the world has ever seen. His innovative theories include the theory of relativity, the mass-energy formula, the Brownian motion theory, and the photon theory of light. Simply put, Einstein's theories can be summed up saying, "Nothing can move faster than light" (Time). The scientist thought that mass and energy were equal, which resulted in his formula, E=mc2. According to Time magazine, the physicist "Louis de Broglie called Einstein's contributions that year 'blazing rockets which in the dark of the night suddenly cast a brief but powerful illumination over an immense unknown region'" (Time). "
"Albert Einstein." American Museum of Natural Science Online. Information Retrieved September 20, 2008. http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/einstein/legacy/index.php
"Albert Einstein." Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2008. The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online Information. Retrieved September 20, 2008. <http://www.accessscience.com>
"Albert Einstein." Space and Motion Online. Information Retrieved September 20, 2008.< http://www.spaceandmotion.com/Physics-Albert-Einstein-Theory-Relativity.htm>
"Albert Einstein." The History Channel Online. History Channel Online. Information Retrieved September 20, 2008. <http://www.histroy.com>
Albert Einstein: "Scientist, Celebrity, Jew." The Albert Einstein Archives. Information Retrieved September 20, 2008. <http://www.albert-einstein.org/.index2.html>
Cite this Term Paper:
Albert Einstein (2009, June 07) Retrieved January 28, 2023, from https://www.academon.com/term-paper/albert-einstein-114368/
"Albert Einstein" 07 June 2009. Web. 28 January. 2023. <https://www.academon.com/term-paper/albert-einstein-114368/>
How Einstein was a Celebrity
A discussion of Albert Einstein's universal fame.
This paper is a brief biography on Einstein's achievements.
"My Views" by Albert Einstein
This paper discusses Albert Einstein's views on science and religion.


Youku (simplified Chinese: Template:Linktext; traditional Chinese: Template:Linktext; pinyin: Template:Linktext; literally "excellent (and) cool"), is a video sharing site based in the People's Republic of China.
Youku was created by Victor Koo, the former President of Sohu. A beta version was launched in June 2006, and the website was formally launched in December 2006. In 2007, the company received $25 million in funding from venture capitalists. Youku.com ranked #1 in Chinese video sharing sector by China Internet Society, iResearch and Baidu User Index. In 2008, Youku teamed up with Myspace in China. Later that year, Youku became the sole online video provider embedded in the China Edition of popular web browser Mozilla Firefox. Youku has worked with Linkool International, Youku, Baidu, and Sina Music, and has an iPhone application.
Youku permits users to upload videos regardless of their length and currently has over 161 million videos. Youku has partnered with a number of TV stations, film and TV production companies in China that regularly upload media content on the site. According to a Compete.com survey, the site attracted at least 6.5 million visitors in 2008.
Youku's video library includes many full length, popular films and TV episodes from the West. Viewers from around the world can see these films on Youku for free, though often with Chinese subtitles. Other popular sites such as Youtube cannot display this content because of copyright restrictions, but these laws either do not exist in China or are poorly enforced, enabling Youku to broadcast copyrighted content from their website without license.
Youku is growing in popularity with the foreign population of China as well because of the Golden Shield Project currently blocking YouTube.
Some Youku videos are now unavailable to US viewers..
Youku has been harshly criticized by internet users for significantly under par video streaming speed. Most internet watchdog groups criticized the site for intense censorship activities corroborating with the national Propaganda Department as well as the department's Communist Party counterpart.


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text:
Maurizio Calvesi, né le  à Rome, est un directeur de la photographie italien.

Biographie

Filmographie partielle
 1992 : La discesa di Aclà a Floristella d'Aurelio Grimaldi
 1993 : Donne in un giorno di festa de Salvatore Maira
 1994 : Le buttane d'Aurelio Grimaldi
 2002 : Ginostra de Manuel Pradal
 2004 : Le Prix du désir (Sotto falso nome) de Roberto Andò
 2005 : Coup de foudre en Toscane (Shadows in the Sun) de Brad Mirman
 2005 : La Dame aux camélias (La signora delle camelie) de Lodovico Gasparini
 2007 : Valzer de Salvatore Maira
 2007 : I Vicerè de Roberto Faenza
 2010 : Le Premier qui l'a dit (Mine vaganti) de Ferzan Özpetek
 2012 : La Cerise sur le gâteau de Laura Morante
 2012 : Someday This Pain Will Be Useful to You (Un giorno questo dolore ti sarà utile) de Roberto Faenza
 2014 : Les Fortunés (La gente che sta bene) de Francesco Patierno
 2018 : Una storia senza nome de Roberto Andò
 2021 :  de Roberto Andò

Notes et références

Liens externes

Directeur de la photographie italien
Naissance en mai 1954
Naissance à Rome

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


It's almost here, and if you follow Jim Lilley's Peterson Pipes Pinterest or the IPPC blog, you've already seen it—the Limited Edition / Pipe of the Year for 2015.
This year's pipe is arguably the most important release in the series nineteen-year history, surpassing the Y2000 double-release.* I don't have one in hand, so I can't give you the measurements, but Tom Palmer tells me "it's definitely larger than the Sherlock Holmes series." The extra-large bowls, or possibly XXL bowls, may mean a bit slower roll-out than usual, Tom says, as this size bowl is more difficult to source.
This year's LE will have a higher count of numbered pipes than the usual 1,000—1,865, in fact, to celebrate the 150th Anniversary. The POY of course will be issued unnumbered in rustic and sandblast finishes. Both pipes will be available in P-Lip and fishtail, so System users, demand that P-Lip! A "Sub-System" is better than no System at all, and it sends the message to retailers that Charles Peterson's patents still allow for the coolest, dryest smoking experience possible. For myself, I'd do handsprings if Peterson ever released a Limited Edition as a full System, but that will take some insistence on the part of Pete users.
Plans are also in place to produce a Founders Deluxe Series, although I haven't heard whether it will happen. Conor Palmer was hoping for a two-pipe set, "of the highest-quality briar available that will come in a leather-bound case." It would be issued in an edition of 150 sets worldwide, no two sets identical.
The shape, which Peterson calls an "Oom Pol" but which most of us think of as the "Oom Paul,"** is significant for Peterson history, and wasn't chosen without a great deal of thought. I just received some scrapbook pages from the Peterson Museum in Sallynoggin that made a significant side-bar to one of our historical chapters in the Peterson book, but more than that. . . I won't say. But if part of your love for Peterson pipes is their history, don't miss this one.
You should expect to see it on the European market in mid-May, and here in the U.S. by June and July.
*See "A Visual History of Peterson's Limited Edition / Pipe of the Year: 1997-2014" elsewhere on this blog for more information.
**Pete Nuts from the southern hemisphere: is "Pol" Afrikaans or Danish for "Paul"?
Please keep us posted on any further developments with the FE deluxe sets, I'd love to get one myself.
Thanks for the info, it's much appreciated.
The Founder's edition shape has the classic Peterson look… hmm should I order one?
No, you should order two, these are sure to be special.
While I'm not a Peterson collector, this shape really caught my eye.
The original remastered, No two pipes identical, Handcrafted in Ireland.


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Q: Extend Umbraco 7.1.1 Multi Tree Node Picker I am trying to extend the Multi Node Tree Picker (MNTP) in Umbraco but am running into some trouble. I am used to writing property editors in the new umbraco 7 angular style, so the MNTP is a bit foreign to me. I want to be able to connect my uCommerce Catalog Tree to the MNTP. I feel like this should be fairly simple as all that I should need to do is hook up the uCommerce tree to the MNTP. I am in the Umbraco.Web.PropertyEditors dll, but it isn't really helping me too much. Any pointers to get me started in the right direction would be much appreciated. I could then share this as a new package if I can get it working.
Thanks!

A: I would recommend creating your own property editor that simply uses the Umbraco dialogService to pick the uCommerce product.
You can use the Yo Umbraco template generator to build a scaffolded package:
https://github.com/warrenbuckley/generator-umbraco

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Social Enterprise is a one of development approach which Caritas Cambodia currently focused both communities and organizational level in order to sustain its' community development programs. The Caritas social enterprise and AC's businesses are well operating with enough resources, solution and competitive strategies, we require to develop an affective businesses plan for guidance businesses operating, regularly monitoring and reviewing the operation activities and businesses strategies as well as presenting to businesses partners or shareholders, and needs the skill staffs provided effective assists ACs and Caritas Social Enterprise on businesses plan and businesses development.
Consequently, The ICD Project of Caritas Cambodia has conducted training on businesses plan development for managers, senior officers and community facilitators held from 11th – 15th Feb 2019 at National Office, Caritas Cambodia Phnom Penh, and supported by Caritas Spain. It host 32 participants, included 14 female, representing of all ICD Projects, community health project, Livelihood project and departments of National office, Caritas Cambodia.
All participants were highly participated and interested to all training sessions, they have learned the main concepts and practice on social enterprise, businesses model canvas (BCM), Key element of BMC and Value Chain analysis (VCA) in businesses, and technique of writing businesses plan.
businesses model canvas, and (iii) to create a learning, practicing and sharing environment of difference program staff of Caritas Cambodia. This training will help them to learn more on crucial analysis skill on key stockholders, value proposition, costumer segment, market competitive, market strategy, and financial operation.
provide opportunity for all participants fully participated, shared experience, and practiced actual businesses plan. I will share this knowledge to my colleagues and train to production groups and VDAs/ACs. I will review the existing businesses plan of organic vegetable production, animal production group and assist VDAs/ACs to conduct value chain analysis and businesses plan development on sausages processing. I would like to express special thanks for Caritas Cambodia organize this important training course for Program staffs".
I am enable to understand value proportion, customers segment, competitive strategy and direction of businesses. I will applied this tools and techniques on handicraft, tailoring and food processing businesses of Cartas Social Enterprise".
Caritas Cambodia would like express special thanks to Caritas Spain who always provide financial support to staffs capacity development. Without this support, the training could be not happened.


The work Marian Anderson sings eleven great spirituals represents a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Brigham Young University. This resource is a combination of several types including: Work, Audio, Musical, Music.
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Access to the new cluster is via the lxsqueeze64.gsi.de pool.
The new cluster (lxb682-...) is available via SGE only and runs under LXadmin.Debian Squeeze 64 bit only. It has no NFS mounts (no /u, /d, /s, /misc or whatever) only LXadmin.Lustre. Prefered working directory is /tmp .
The software is available via the Cern Virtual Machine File System cvmfs . A so called build server will be available for the experiments, so they can install their software by themself. Software from smaller departments or generall software will be deployed by the IT.
Unlike in the old LSF cluster we will not provide experiment specific or preemptive queues anymore, instead of this there are queues with different resource requirements/limits.
The priority giving for jobs/users/experiments will be done via FairShare, means every department will get an amount of shares and the jobs belonging to this department will get a priority depending on these shares and the resource usage of this department in the past.
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One does not have to be a Roman philosopher to appreciate that – at a time when the UK still spends £99.5 billion a year more than it brings in, and with a public debt of £1,000 billion – it is essential for the Government to make the business climate as attractive as possible. To grow the tax base and maintain living standards in a competitive global economy, the Government must encourage entrepreneurship and remove barriers to investment and job creation.
A key platform of the Government's deficit reduction strategy has been to take a strong stance against tax avoidance. It is understandable that with tough spending choices needing to be made, the Treasury wishes to ensure everyone is paying their fair share and close down avoidance loopholes and maximise revenue. But some of the rhetoric around tax avoidance has led to bad policy decisions. Whether it has been the Exchequer Secretary declaring cash payments to tradesmen morally wrong, or the Prime Minister opining on the tax affairs of a well known comedian, this year has seen tax avoiders overtake bankers and benefit cheats as the public enemy to be thrown to the lions.
The Government's flagship policy on tax avoidance is the introduction of a General Anti-Avoidance Rule (GAAR), through this year's Finance Bill. The purpose of the GAAR is to deter tax avoidance activity, while creating stability and certainty within the tax regime, and reducing costs to smaller companies and consultants by providing clarity about what kind of tax arrangements are acceptable.
Unfortunately, the details of the GAAR, published at the end of March, may have the opposite effect by making an overly convoluted tax system worse. The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales has warned that the GAAR will cause greater confusion about the difference between tax avoidance and acceptable tax planning. This may tie up the tax courts for years at great cost to individuals and businesses, without meeting the public expectation test that large companies will be forced to pay higher tax bills.
That the complexity of Britain's tax code – which has doubled in size since 1997 and now runs to almost 18,000 pages – discourages small business activity, entrepreneurs and innovators is not in question. What is equally troubling is the way in which this complexity has resulted not only in lost or discouraged business activity, but in real hardship and injustice to those who fall between the cracks of legitimate tax planning, and the way in which successive governments have ridden roughshod over accepted standards of fairness and the rule of law to plug gaps in revenue.
In 2000, the then Government introduced IR35 to combat what it saw as "disguised employment" by freelancers, contractors and consultants. However, IR35 resulted in far higher tax demands being placed on consultants who fell within its scope – more than would have been the case had they been in regular employment. It also created great uncertainty about when the provisions would apply, leaving contractors fearing future demands and being pursued for unexpected liabilities. IR35 is now recognised as bad legislation, and the Government has pledged to review it – although this has not taken place and the term "disguised employment" has simply been redefined. leaving contractors in exactly the same position of uncertainty.
To obtain greater certainty about their tax affairs, many consultants instead used a tax planning product that was widely marketed by tax consultancies and promoters, and which utilised double taxation agreements and trading trusts to create greater certainty. It also had the added effect of substantially reducing tax liabilities, and hence could be considered tax avoidance and a tax loophole. Nonetheless, these arrangements had been debated by Parliament as far back as in 1987, had been reviewed by HMRC and were included in their tax manual. HMRC accepted money claims under the arrangements, encouraging its dissemination and creating legitimate expectation that the practice was tolerated. Between 2000 and 2008, several thousand IT consultants, contractors and freelancers entered into the arrangements to gain more certainty about their tax position.
In 2008, the Government noted growing numbers of people using these arrangements and gaining a financial benefit, so itsought to shut them down. In doing so they passed the notorious Section 58 of the Finance Act 2008. Against all accepted practice, and completely unannounced, this closed down the arrangements but also applied the changes retrospectively. As a result, thousands of contractors are being hit with huge demands for PAYE and National Insurance back tax running into hundreds of thousands of pounds, plus interest. A survey by the No To Retro Tax group, which campaigns against the use of retrospective legislation, has indicated that of those affected, 47% will have to sell their homes and 30% will be bankrupted by these backdated demands.
Today, there is a growing campaign for justice for those affected by Section 58, with 18 Conservative, Labour, Liberal Democrats, Greens and Democrat Unionist MPs supporting a letter calling for the Chancellor of the Exchequer to repeal the retrospective element of the legislation and Conservative MP Mark Field calling for justice for victims during Second Reading of the Finance Bill.
The temptation to introduce punitive tax changes against whichever group is the enemy of the month can be high - particularly when it affords the opportunity to plug the gap from disappointing growth figures. Such short term raids rarely work as expected. According to answers to a Parliamentary Question, IR35 brought in only 1% of the revenue it was supposed to collect. HMRC believe that a retrospective raid on freelancers and contractors through Section 58 will net them £200 million. The reality is that with a large proportion facing bankruptcy, they will be lucky to gain a fraction of this amount.
If the Government wishes to reduce tax avoidance, it should lower the tax burden and write better and clearer legislation, rather than allowing a practice to be tolerated for almost twenty years before shutting it down retrospectively. If Ministers wish to return to growth, ensure prosperity in challenging times, and prevent Britain's position in the world economy from being undermined, they should reject quick fixes such as retrospective legislation and instead provide a stable environment which makes it easier and simpler for people to plan their tax affairs.


This is the kind of testing and reporting we always wished could be done. Rather than a shotgun random attempt at testing finished liquids off vape store shelves that doesn't tell us about anything except for results for that one mix, this is a methodical test being done at the flavour concentrate level which can be used to predict the safety of all mixes using these FA flavourings.
I heard about this from a recent VPlive broadcast "Life After Deeming" fast forward to 57:50. The caller was Shaun Casey, CEO of Flavourart North America Inc. It's a very interesting discussion.
Last edited by fabricator4; 13-05-16 at 11:04 AM.
The Sodd and muscovyduckling like this.
Did he say if they're going to be testing all of their flavours? I just checked out the website and it looks like only tobacco type flavours and a couple of others have been tested.
No he didn't say, but it looks like they are continuing to work through the flavours. It's going to take years; obviously they are starting with the most popular ones that they are sure are going to be OK - they know exactly what the composition is after all. As you know creams butters and bakeries are going to be the most trouble. It gives me hope since they seem to know about the fact that there are three other ketones that may be a problem. He also (more than) implied that they know what is in other companies flavours and they will not be compliant since they've just switched to one of the other ketones which will be a problem.
Edit: apart from the scathing comments about what flavour molecules other companies are using, he also made the point that they (Capella, Flavour West etc) aren't going to be able to get the testing done in time for when the gate slams on FDA certification in two years time. They needed to start this years ago.
Last edited by fabricator4; 13-05-16 at 12:47 PM.


text:
Rose : Jack, this is impossible. I can't see you.
He takes her by the shoulders.
Jack : Rose, you're no picnic... you're a spoiled little brat even, but under that you're a strong, pure heart, and you're the most
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Rose : Jack, I--
Jack: No wait. Let me try to get this out. You're amazing... I'm not an idiot I know how the world works, I have ten bucks in
my pocket, nothing to offer you. I know that. But I'm too involved now. You jump, I jump, remember? I can't turn away
without knowin' that you're goin' to be alright. - click here for sound
Rose feels the tears coming to her eyes. Jack is so open and real... not like anyone she has ever known.
Rose: You're making this very hard. I'll be fine. Really.
Jack: I don't think so. They've got you in a glass jar like some butterfly, and you're goin' to die if you don't break out. Maybe
not right away, 'cause you're strong. But sooner or later the fire in you is goin' to go out.
Rose: It's not up to you to save me, Jack.
Jack: You're right. Only you can do that.
Rose: I have to get back, they'll miss me. Please, Jack, for both our sakes, leave me alone.
next --->


text:
SECOND INVERSION
A home for new and unusual music from all corners of the classical genre, brought to you by the power of public media. Second Inversion is a service of Classical KING FM 98.1.
Women in New Music
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Monthly Concert Flyer
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Tag Archives: peabody symphony orchestra
ALBUM REVIEW: Kevin Puts Symphony No.2 – Flute Concerto – River's Rush
Posted on September 26, 2016 by maestrobeats
by Maggie Molloy
In that singular moment when the hijacked airplanes crashed into the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, everything changed. It was as if, overnight, the entire world became louder, more turbulent, more terrifying—and far more fearful.
Kevin Puts. Photo Credit: David White
This sudden paradigmatic shift was the sole inspiration for Pulitzer Prize-winning composer Kevin Puts' Symphony No.2, a 21-minute masterwork exploring the way in which the events of 9/11 shook our nation to its very core. Though the symphony first premiered in 2002, just shortly after the terrorist attacks, it still rings with the same tempestuous passion and urgency today—nearly a decade and a half later.
The Peabody Symphony Orchestra, under the baton of Marin Alsop, breathes new life into that harrowing moment with a brand new album featuring three world-premiere recordings of works by Puts, his cataclysmic Second Symphony among them.
The programmatic symphony opens with a slow and steady orchestral build across the first eight minutes of the work, with a familiar timbral palette of piano and strings laying a soft foundation for delicate woodwind flourishes: the tonal soundscape of a gentle, proud, and perhaps naive nation.
But the blissful innocence and patriotic rhapsody is short-lived. A wandering violin solo stumbles into a violent orchestral upheaval: the aural equivalent of the planes crashing into the twin towers. A visceral darkness stains the orchestra's entire harmonic palette, the thunderous melodies intertwining and colliding amidst the terrifying chaos. Yet at the height of this catastrophe, the solo unaccompanied violin returns for another musical reflection, calming the orchestra and leading it into an intimate epilogue. A clock-like pulse creates a sense of expectancy, uncertainty, and fear—yet as time passes the orchestra becomes unified once again, finding light, color, and enduring hope even amidst the lingering uncertainty.
Marin Alsop. Photo Credit: Grant Leighton
The work is followed by a performance of Puts' "River's Rush," inspired in part by the extraordinary grandeur of the Mississippi River. Rapid successions of short melodic motives capture the coursing waves of the river, at one moment stormy and intimidating, the next gentle, soft, and reflective. Freely combining major and minor chords from different keys, Puts illustrates the utter majesty of the river: the delicate reflection of light against its waves, the constant, natural flow of its coursing veins, and the organic life both within and around it.
The album concludes with Puts' Flute Concerto featuring soloist Adam Walker. Spritely, agile, and endlessly virtuosic flute melodies soar across all three movements, from the poignant and lyrical introduction of the first through the nocturnal andante of the second (featuring an unmistakable quote from Mozart's Piano Concerto in C Major, K. 467), and clear through the tremendously energetic toccata finale of the third. The piece closes with an spirited flute solo playing off the rhythmic hand-clapping of the orchestra.
It's a perfectly upbeat ending to an album which traverses the full range of human emotion, reminding us of the distinct power of music to help us reflect on our past, embrace and exist wholly in our present, and look forward with hopeful hearts toward our future.
Posted in New Releases, On Demand Clips, Reviews	| Tagged 9/11, flute concerto, kevin puts, marin alsop, mississippi river, peabody conservatory, peabody institute, peabody symphony orchestra, river's rush, september 11, symphony no.2	| Leave a reply
STAFF PICKS: Friday Faves
Posted on August 12, 2016 by maestrobeats
Second Inversion hosts share a favorite selection from this Friday's playlist. Tune in during the indicated hours below on Friday, August 12 to hear these pieces. In the meantime, you'll hear other great new and unusual music from all corners of the classical genre 24/7!
Daniel Wohl: 323 (Transit) on New Amsterdam Records
Like so much of what we play on Second Inversion, "323" by Daniel Wohl is difficult to categorize. It's an exuberant piece full of interesting sounds, found noises, and jangly percussion that I'm fairly sure is pots and pans yet the overall feel of the piece can be summed up with the word "radiant." It's music that pulsates and cuts into your tympanic membrane with its soft edges. "323" is like if drone and a junkyard gave birth to… a solar system? It's confusing, but it is a bold confusion that truly works and inspires. – Rachele Hales
Tune in to Second Inversion in the 1pm hour today to hear this recording.
Darcy James Argue: Phobos (Darcy James Argue's Secret Society) on New Amsterdam Records
If you're someone who is immersed in (small 'c') classical music most or all of the time, it can be refreshing (and necessary) to bend your ears on something that really challenges you to think about what makes music "classical." Where are the boundaries of the art form? Darcy James Argue's track Phobos can help you grapple with (if not answer) these questions. This is first and foremost jazz, but it has so many elements more closely associated with other types of music that it really forces listeners to ask themselves some tough questions (if they are insistent on classifying the music at all!). Among the shades of minimalism and post-rock, those big-band "jazz" chords begin to sound like tone clusters… Listen to the barriers fall! Wonderful! – Seth Tompkins
Missy Mazzoli: Vespers for a New Dark Age (Victoire, Lorna Dune, and Glenn Kotche) on New Amsterdam Records
The Western classical music tradition as we know it began in the Church. And both the Church and the Western classical music tradition have historically excluded women from positions of power and authority.
Which is a big part of what makes composer Missy Mazzoli's 30-minute masterwork Vespers for a New Dark Age so striking, so liberating, and—for lack of a better word—so brilliant. Performed with her all-female new age art pop ensemble Victoire, electro keyboardist Lorna Dune, and rock drummer Glenn Kotche, the piece reimagines the traditional vespers prayer service in the modern age, replacing the customary sacred verses with the haunting and elegant poetry of Matthew Zapruder.
The result is a 21st century version of the vespers service which explores the intersection of our modern technological age with the old-fashioned formality of religious services. Oh, and I guess it could also be heard as a feminist assertion of women's immense (and too often forgotten) contributions to the classical music tradition. – Maggie Molloy
Kevin Puts: River's Rush (Marin Alsop, Peabody Symphony Orchestra) on NAXOS Records
With its churning arpeggios and big, muscular orchestration, this piece reminds me of hurtling down the Salmon River in Idaho on a whitewater rafting trip. The tremendous excitement that the opening music generates is matched by the beauty of a lushly-orchestrated, flowing middle section. A winner of the Pulitzer Prize for his opera Silent Night, Puts is known for his flute and piano concertos and four symphonies, but this stand-alone work might be my new favorite. – Geoffrey Larson
Posted in Reviews, Staff Picks	| Tagged adam walker, daniel wohl, darcy james argue, glenn kotche, kevin puts, marin alsop, missy mazzoli, Naxos, new amsterdam records, peabody symphony orchestra, phobos, transit, vespers for a new dark age, victoire	| Leave a reply
Step inside the percussion studio of Bonnie Whiting.
Explore the handmade instruments of Harry Partch.
Take a peek inside John Cage's diary.
Explore the impact of women in music.
Get up close and personal with a prepared piano.
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The Challenge of Helping Low-Income Fathers Support Their Children
Final Lessons from Parents' Fair Share
| Cynthia Miller, Virginia Knox
Meanwhile, fathers who cannot pay child support accumulate debts that can lead them to evade the system and its penalties altogether - and further limit their contact with their children.
Parents' Fair Share (PFS) was designed as an alternative to standard enforcement. Launched in 1994 in seven sites, PFS was a national demonstration program that aimed to help low-income noncustodial fathers find more stable and better-paying jobs, pay child support on a consistent basis, and become more involved parents. Funded by the organizations listed at the front of this monograph, PFS provided employment and training services, peer support groups, voluntary mediation between parents, and modified child support enforcement.
Besides designing the PFS demonstration, MDRC evaluated it. Between 1994 and 1996, each of more than 5,500 fathers was randomly assigned to PFS or a control group, and the program's effects were estimated by comparing how the two groups fared over a two-year period. This monograph synthesizes the demonstration's key findings and uses them to formulate several recommendations for the next generation of fatherhood programs.
As a group, the fathers were very disadvantaged, although some were able to find low-wage work fairly easily. PFS increased employment and earnings for the least-employable men but not for the men who were more able to find work on their own. Most participated in job club services, but fewer than expected took part in skill-building activities.
PFS encouraged some fathers, particularly those who were least involved initially, to take a more active parenting role. Many of the fathers visited their children regularly, although few had legal visitation agreements. There were modest increases in parental conflict over child-rearing decisions, and some mothers restricted the fathers' access to their children.
Men referred to the PFS program paid more child support than men in the control group. The process of assessing eligibility uncovered a fair amount of employment, which disqualified some fathers from participation but which led, nonetheless, to increased child support payments.
Recommendations for Future Programs
How to increase employment and earnings: Structure the program to encourage longer-term participation and to include job-retention services. Provide the fathers who cannot find private sector employment with community service jobs or stipends, or combine part-time work with training. Use providers who have experience working with very disadvantaged clients. Earmark adequate funding for employment services.
How to increase parental involvement: Increase fathers' access to their children by involving custodial mothers in the programs and providing the fathers with legal services to gain visitation rights. Be aware of the potential for increased parental conflict.
How to increase child support payments: Mandate fathers' participation in employmentrelated activities to increase payments among low-income caseloads. Encourage active partnership of fatherhood programs with the child support system.
Family RelationshipsChild Support
Focus Population:
California, Florida, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio, Tennessee
Intervention:
Parenting Skills Programs, Counseling/Advising, Job Training, Employment Services
Parents' Fair Share


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Home Hotel, Casino & Club News Caesars Entertainment Becomes First Founding Partner of the Las Vegas Stadium, Future...
Whitney Cummings, Rich Vos and Eddie Ifft Highlight November Lineup at The Comedy Cellar at Rio All-Suite Hotel & Casino
The District at Green Valley Ranch Hosts Pet Photo Night with Santa Claus on December 12
Caesars Entertainment Becomes First Founding Partner of the Las Vegas Stadium, Future Home of the Raiders
Caesars Entertainment Corporation announced an unprecedented 15-year partnership that will make Caesars Entertainment (Caesars) the first founding partner of the Las Vegas Stadium, the future home of the Las Vegas Raiders, elevating Caesars' profile in professional sports.
"The Raiders are proud to welcome Caesars Entertainment as a founding partner of Las Vegas Stadium," said Marc Badain, President of the Raiders. "We are honored to align with a company that shares the Raiders' values of improving the local community and delivering exceptional customer service in creating this transformative project."
"Sports have long been a core part of the Caesars experience," said Chris Holdren, Chief Marketing Officer for Caesars Entertainment. "With this deep partnership, Caesars will become an essential part of the game time ritual for Raiders fans everywhere. From activations to exclusive experiences, fans of the silver and black will see Caesars as their home on game day."
The historic partnership also marks the first Raiders deal with a gaming and hospitality company, providing select Caesars Entertainment customers and Total Rewards members access to exclusive experiences like the customized Caesars-branded Owners Suite at the 50-yard line of the Las Vegas stadium, VIP Dinners on the field, training facility events, fantasy camp participation, stadium tours, along with tickets to home games and most stadium events.
As a Founding Partner, Caesars Entertainment will host a branded stadium entrance and drop off zone, digital signage, media, radio and print assets in addition to alumni, player and cheerleader appearances – giving the company a commanding presence.
This partnership with the Las Vegas Raiders follows the company's recent announcement with the Baltimore Ravens, Maryland's only partnership between a National Football League team and a casino.
The 65,000-seat stadium will bring 520,000 people to home games each year, when it opens for the 2020 NFL season.
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Portugal star striker Cristiano Ronaldo has left the Confederations Cup early after becoming the father of twins.
Earlier this month, there were reports that Ronaldo had become a father for the second time with the birth of twins via a surrogate mother.
Ronaldo has now confirmed the news via his official Facebook account, saying he has been released from Portugal duty to finally be with his children.
"I was in the service of the national team, as always, body and soul, even though my two sons were born. Unfortunately, we couldn't reach our main sporting objective, but I am certain we will continue to make the Portuguese people happy," he wrote.
"The president of the Portuguese Football Federation and the national team manager were considerate towards me and it is something which I will never forget. I am very happy to finally be with my children for the first time," Ronaldo added.
Although Portugal slumped to a semi-final defeat to Chile on penalties, they are due to play in the third-place playoff against either Germany or Mexico.
Portugal confirmed the news that the Real Madrid striker has been given permission to leave the Confederations Cup early, the Mirror reported.
The national team said that Ronaldo deserves to be praised for continuing his services towards them despite the birth of his twins.
"The President of the FPF and the National Selector understand that if it is impossible to reach the goal of winning the Confederations Cup, they must release the athlete so that he can finally get to know his children," a statement from Portugal said.
Ronaldo already has a son, Cristiano Jr., who was born in 2010.
On the same note, Ronaldo's family could be set to get even bigger with his Spanish girlfriend Georgina Rodriguez is also reportedly five months pregnant.


Before the 10th of April, every picture you have ever seen of a black hole has been a rendering. Earlier this week, scientists were able to finally capture the real thing: a black hole in a galaxy called Messier 87.
Scientists have long predicted the existence of black holes. A body of such high density that even light could not escape it was theorised as early as 1784 by John Michell. However, it wasn't until 1915 that the theory began to gain speed. Albert Einstein published his theory of general relativity, which rightly concluded that light was influenced by gravity. Other physicists in the following decades began solving Einstein's equations, and peculiar behaviours began to appear in some of the mathematical solutions (such as an object whose gravitational field was so strong that not even light could escape its pull).
Since then, physicists have followed the breadcrumbs of black holes. Experimental observations such as the orbit of stars and, more recently, the gravitational waves emitted from the merger of two black holes have been recorded as evidence. This year, scientists have finally captured the mugshot.
Previously, images of black holes have been difficult to observe as they have been either too small or too far away. Since black holes do not emit light themselves, we need to capture the light around them. Black holes are composed of an event horizon (a boundary beyond which no light can escape), and the accretion disk that surrounds it in a halo. This accretion disk is made of gas and dust that orbit the hole at such a velocity that the particles heat up and emit high energy x-ray and gamma rays as they collide.
This light has to travel to Earth through light years of obstructions in space before finally penetrating our planet's atmosphere. Since the Earth's atmosphere is relatively opaque to most wavelengths of light, scientists were forced to detect a specific window: 1.3mm radio waves. NASA coordinated eight ground-based radio telescopes, which together are referred to as the Event Horizon Telescope array (EHT). Four of the dishes were in North America, two in South America, one in the South Pole, and the last two in Europe.
The astronomers used a technique known as Very Long Baseline Interferometry. Researchers can emulate a huge radio dish with a diameter equal to the distance between a pair of smaller telescopes. The two dishes take readings simultaneously so they observe the same radio signal, all while correcting for factors such as atmospheric noise and calibration. At every one of the eight locations of the EHT is an atomic clock that enables its operators to keep time to precisions of a few attoseconds (10-18s).
After this data is collected, it is pieced together using algorithms into one cohesive image. To ensure accuracy, the data was given to four independent teams which used different techniques to generate an image. These four teams were led by Katie Bouman, Andrew Chael, Kazu Akiyama, Michael Johnson, and Jose Gomez. Once all four teams arrived at very similar end results, their images were "sewn together" with an algorithm made by Mareki Honma that filled in all the missing pixels by analysing the ones that surrounded it.
Katie Bouman has since become a viral sensation for her valuable contributions to the project. Specifically, she was key in developing an algorithm known as Continuous High-resolution Image Reconstruction using Patch priors (CHIRP). CHIRP helped sort through the huge amount of data obtained from EHT so that only the black hole-relevant observations would be included to generate an image.
The black hole image is not only a technological triumph, but one that would not have been possible without the teamwork and dedication of international groups of scientists. Being able to directly observe a black hole will be integral in understanding the nature of our universe and how it continues to evolve.


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Family doctor concept is officially coming back in India
MCI is going to start 3-Year PG In Family Medicine. TNN
New Delhi: Family physicians medical practitioners which was fast disappearing concept, which is now being revived officially by MCI.
With India witnessing a rush of medical students keen on becoming specialists,the health ministry and Medical Council of India (MCI) have notified introduction of a new three-year postgraduate course MD in family medicine.
Chairman of MCIs board of governors,Dr K K Talwar said,The curriculum has been prepared and sent to all state governments that have been told to rethink and restart this broad speciality course.
Experts say a doctor with MD (family medicine) will be the one who will know a little of every discipline,from pediatrics to gynecology and will be able to treat the community as a whole. This will soon bring back the family physician in the forefront of primary healthcare.The steering committee on health has also been pressurizing the ministry to endorse family medicine.
In its recent report finalized last week,it said,family medicine discipline needs to be introduced in all medical colleges so that they can effectively manage most of medical problems encountered at primary level,and referral to specialists occurs only when necessary. Till now,most family physicians were MBBS doctors.The MD course on family medicine is more advanced than a simple MBBS and will help doctors wanting to increase their acumen in community health, Dr Talwar said.
At present,the only available post-graduate programme on family medicine was the DNB family medicine qualification,conducted by the National Board of Examinations-accredited community hospitals.
NBE executive director Dr Bipin Batra said,The demand for DNB (family medicine ) course run by the NBE is seeing a major increase.They have 300 seats for this discipline. And the demand is increasing
Students pursuing MD (medicine) are taught more in-depth on diseases,functions of various organs and their treatment. Professor Ranjit Roychoudhury,former member of MCIs board of governors,said,A person with a postgraduate degree in family medicine will look at preventive,prophylactic and promotive healthcare.He will have extensive knowledge on healthcare for the elderly who cannot move out of the house and will be taught on everything from gynecology,psychology to pediatrics.
Introduction of family medicine as a PG discipline has been emphasized by the Bhore Committee,National Health Policy 2002,National Knowledge Commission and the taskforce on human resource for NRHM.
Dr K Srinath Reddy,president of Public Health Foundation of India,said,Family medicine is a required discipline.The rush for specialization has deprived doctors of the ability to look at individuals as a whole and families as one unit.We require large number of persons trained in family medicine,which combines a broad set of clinical competencies.
American Academy of Family Physicians defines it as medical specialty that integrates the biological,clinical and behavioural sciences.The scope of family medicine encompasses all ages both sexes each organ system and every disease entity.
1 Response to "Family doctor concept is officially coming back in India"
By RKG on January 29, 2012 at 8:31 AM
The much awaited event in the field of medicine in India


Robbie was in the sound proof room while they tested and re-tested his hearing using various methods. They have very sweet audiologists at Hearts for Hearing. They agree with our ENT that he needs hearing aids. They recommend Resound, which will work with his phone too. Robbie likes the blue ones. They should also help with the ringing in his ears. They can be programmed to play white noise to help with the ringing.
Our next step is to meet with Oklahoma Rehab in a couple weeks to see if they will help with the some of the cost and then put together a plan to buy them for him. Jim needs hearing aids too, but is waiting for Robbie first.


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ProfessorMartinBlunt
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Earth Science & Engineering
Chair in Petroleum Engineering
+44 (0)20 7594 6500m.blunt Website
2.38ARoyal School of MinesSouth Kensington Campus
New book from Cambridge University Press: Multiphase Flow in Permeable Media: A Pore-Scale Perspective" : www.cambridge.org/9781107093461
Professor of Petroleum Engineering, Imperial College London, 1999-
Head of Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, 2006-2011
Head of Petroleum Engineering and Rock Mechanics (PERM) Group, 1999-2006
Assistant then Associate Professor of Petroleum Engineering, Stanford University, California, 1992-1999
Research Reservoir Engineer with BP in Sunbury-on-Thames, 1988-1992
MA and PhD degrees in theoretical physics from Cambridge University, 1988
Recent Measures of Esteem
2012 Darcy Award, Society of Core Analysts
2011 Winner of the Lester U Uren Award from the Society of Petroleum Engineers
2011- Editor-in-Chief, Transport in Porous Media
2011- Director, iRock Technologies, China
2007 Keynote speaker Forum on Reservoir Simulation, Abu Dhabi
2006 Chair, Gordon Conference on Flow and Transport in Permeable Media, New Hampshire
2006 Keynote speaker Computational Methods in Water Resources Conference, Copenhagen
2001-2 SPE Distinguished Lecturer
2001- Director, Streamsim Technologies inc, California
Professor Blunt's research interests are in multiphase flow in porous media with applications to oil and gas recovery, geological carbon storage and contaminant transport and clean-up in polluted aquifers. He performs experimental, theoretical and numerical research into many aspects of flow and transport in porous systems, including pore-scale modelling of displacement processes, and large-scale simulation using streamline-based methods. He is on the editorial boards of Transport in Porous Media, Water Resources Research and Advances in Water Resources. He was the Chair of the 2006 Gordon Conference on Flow in Permeable Media. He has over 200 scientific publications.
PERM Group Homepage
Pore-scale Modelling
Fractured Reservoirs
YouTube: Carbon Capture and Storage
200 barrels left: population, peak oil, climate change and carbon storage
Carbon Capture and Storage: Our Only Hope to Avoid Global Warming?
Department of Earth Science and Engineering
Petroleum Engineering and Rock Mechanics Group
Department of Earth Science & Engineering


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