Representatives from Nuffield Southampton Theatres (NST), Steamship Shieldhall and Southampton City Council's Museums & Gallery were flying the flag for Southampton at Saturday's Excursions Trade Show at Alexandra Palace in London.
'There is so much happening in Southampton this year, and this was an ideal opportunity to relate this to the trade and organisers looking for inspiration for day, weekend and short break itineraries' said Bill Sainsbury, Nuffield Southampton Theatre's Head of Marketing and Press. 'There was a lot of interest in the opening of Studio 144 in the Cultural Quarter and our Spring Season and new production, The Grapes of Wrath. NST and Southampton's other attractions and hotels recognise the opportunity Southampton has to attract audiences in addition to those who stay in the city either pre or post cruise. Not only do we have the Cultural Quarter, Southampton has just seen the opening of the Watermark West Quay Complex with its magnificent views leading out onto the historic western walls.' This sentiment was echoed by Nigel Philpott, Marketing Director of Steamship Shieldhall who launched a joint package at the show with SeaCity Museum, one of Southampton City Council's three heritage venues. 'We're delighted to be promoting Southampton and working together, providing ideas for staying in the city' said Nigel. 'To that end we've devised 'In the Footsteps of Titanic' - an all-day itinerary focusing on the ill-fated liner's association with Southampton. This includes a visit to SeaCity Museum with its permanent Titanic Gallery, a walk around Southampton's Titanic Quarter with a Green Badge Guide, and a 3hr cruise down Southampton Water on Steamship Shieldhall.' The 'In the Footsteps of Titanic' package is priced at £35.50 per person for groups of 10 or more, and is available on Shieldhall's 2017 3-hour sailings taking place on 27 & 29 May, 17 June, 22 July and 16 & 17 September.


text:
Indian police arrest Christian priest after complaint by Hindu group
Dec 16, 2017, 4:20 pm SGT
http://str.sg/o4sg
NEW DELHI (REUTERS) - Indian police arrested a Christian priest and were questioning members of a seminary after a hardline Hindu group accused them of trying to convert villagers to Christianity by distributing Bibles and singing carols, police said on Saturday (Dec 16).
The priest was arrested on Friday after a member of the Bajrang Dal, a powerful Hindu group associated with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ruling party, accused 50 members of a seminary of distributing the Bible, photos of Jesus Christ and singing carols in a village in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
"Our members have registered a criminal case because we have proof to show how Christian priests were forcibly converting poor Hindus," said Mr Abhay Kumar Dhar, a senior member of the Bajrang Dal in Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh.
The Bajrang Dal has direct links with Mr Modi's ruling Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
Madhya Pradesh, governed by the BJP, has strict religious conversion laws. People must give formal notice to local administrators in order to change religion.
"We have arrested the priest but have not booked him under the anti-conversion law because the probe into the allegations is still on," said Mr Rajesh Hingankar, investigating official in Satna district, where the incident occurred.
The Catholic Bishops' Conference of India said they were "shocked, and pained at the unprovoked violence against Catholic priests and seminarians".
"We were only singing carols, but the hardline Hindus attacked us and said we were on a mission to make India a Christian nation... that's not true," said Mr Anish Emmanuel, a member of the St Ephrem's Theological College in Satna.
Two senior police officials in Bhopal said they had detained six members of the Bajrang Dal who had allegedly torched a car owned by a Christian priest in Satna, 480km north-east of Bhopal.
Religious conversion is a sensitive issue in India, with Hindu groups often accusing Christian missionaries of using cash, kind and marriage to lure poor villagers to convert to their faith.
Mr Modi's government has been criticised for failing to do enough to stop attacks on minority Christians and Muslims by hardline Hindu groups.
The government rejects the allegation and denies any bias against Christians or Muslims.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Step ladders are an additional common ladder, however may offer many extra features most people might not exactly think of. The standard design of one step ladder is pretty much simple. But you can get them with a top rated that is designed to hold various tools. When you are working from one step ladder to install a light, paint or any other task you need this ladder for, it usually is cumbersome to have to hold onto each of the tools you will need. There are step ladders designed for different types of activity. Some have top strategies designed to hold painting tools such as brushes and cassette. Others are designed to hold mess drivers, electric screw guns, pliers and other hand tools. This feature can make any kind of job much easier and working from the ladder much less dangerous.
Stlfamilylife - Original empty retail box for apple iphone 7 plus 32gb. Original empty retail box for apple iphone 7 plus 32gb 128gb 256gb no phone $9 99 original iphone 7 plus empty box excellent condition, no manual, no phone, no accessories included just empty box only ! boxes may have signs of light usage as they were acquired from customer returns free shipping via usps first class mail ! for bulk order please contact us !. New in sealed box apple iphone 7 plus 32 128gb verizon. Details about new in sealed box apple iphone 7 plus 32 128gb verizon unlocked smartphone no rush 14 days shipping only! us location! usa genuine original oem apple replacement battery for iphone 6 6s 7 8 plus $9 95 new htc 10 one m10 5 2" 32gb unlocked samrtphne all colors in sealed box. New in box apple iphone 7 plus 32gb 128gb unlocked black. New in box apple iphone 7 plus 32gb 128gb unlocked black at&t t mobile verizon $ 382787931369 new apple iphone 6s oem empty box only with tray manual *no phone* space gray $7 98 buy it now 15d 10h see details new apple iphone 6 16gb 64gb 128gb gsm cdma factory unlocked gold silver grey. : apple iphone 7 plus, gsm unlocked, 128gb. For iphone 7 plus case, for iphone 8 plus case, matone crystal clear shock absorption technology bumper soft tpu cover case for iphone 7 plus 2016 iphone 8 plus 2017 clear apple iphone 7 plus, gsm unlocked, 32gb rose gold refurbished apple iphone 7 plus, fully unlocked, 128gb black refurbished includes new oem a c adapter. Buy iphone 7 and iphone 7 plus apple. Iphone 7 and iphone 7 plus come in two capacities: 32gb and 128gb the term "gb" stands for gigabytes the more gigabytes you have, the more content you can store on your iphone, such as apps, games, photos, hd videos, music, and movies. Apple iphone 7 plus 32gb 128gb 256gb. Seller notes: " phones are tested and work like new all orders include the iphone 7 plus color, carrier, gb, and condition you choose from dropdown list , oem apple wall charging block, and oem apple lightning usb cable. New apple iphone 7 plus 32 128 256gb 4g lte factory. Apple iphone 7 plus 32gb 128gb 256gb black jet black gold silver rose gold au $ au $ new in sealed box unlocked apple iphone 6 plus 64gb smartphone mobile phone gold au $ buy now new in sealed box samsung galaxy s6 g920f lte 4g mobile 32gb black 1yr wty. : iphone 7 plus 64gb. Apple iphone 7 plus, at&t, 128gb rose gold refurbished 3 8 out of 5 stars 12 $ $ 407 99 apple iphone 7 plus 32gb black [locked to simple mobile prepaid] 3 2 out of 5 stars 131 box office mojo find movie box office data: comixology thousands of digital comics:. What iphone 7 storage size should you get: 32gb vs 128gb. If you absolutely can't or don't want to pay a dime more, get a 32gb iphone 7 how to sell your old iphone see iphone at apple; who should get 128gb iphone 7? for most people, 128 gb will be plenty of space it can store a ton of songs, lots of apps, a plethora of photos and video, and still feel like you can breathe thanks to icloud photo. Apple iphone 7 plus 5 colors in 32 & 128 gb verizon. The iphone 7 plus features dual 12mp cameras, fast performance and excellent battery life available in silver, gold, rose gold, black or jet black get yours today on america's best network.


The following cases were heard at West Hampshire Magistrates Court on May 8, 2018.
A HAMPSHIRE group has been awarded a hefty grant to support outreach work.
A ROW over plans for a new 'green gas mill' look to have been reignited after developers lodged a bid to change some of the planning conditions.
SAINTS have opened negotiations with Mark Hughes and are hoping to confirm him as the club's permanent manager before the end of the week.
PETERFIELD Town's vice-chairman Graeme Moir has stepped down after 11 years with the Sydenhams Wessex League club.
Catch The Dam Busters for one night only!
FOR one night only, relive the extraordinary achievement and sacrifices made during the famous World War Two raid on Germany with a live screening of The Dam Busters at Showcase Cinema de Lux Southampton.
DO you have plans to get your body ready for the summer?
IN A shock move, Portsmouth City Council will now be run by Lib Dem leader Gerald Vernon-Jackson after four years of Tory leadership.
Jos Buttler has made a surprise return to England's Test squad at the expense of Hampshire captain James Vince.
CHILDREN from Sholing Junior School helped open the new Co-op store in Itchen.
POLICE are hunting a man after tools were stolen from a van in Droxford.
A FAST food bakery and coffee shop have unveiled new plans to build a drive-thru in Gosport.
SOUTHAMPTON'S annual family-friend festival to support environmental issues is back this month.
A PUBLIC showcase was held which gave residents the chance to take a look at plans for a major revamp of Winchester city centre.
A HUNT has been launched after golf clubs and equipment worth £50,000 were stolen from a shop.
ROADWORKS on a 250ft stretch of road will send drivers on a staggering 18-mile diversion for several weeks.
YOUNG people in Hampshire fear for their emotional health, with over two thirds worried about their future, as fears about money and generally 'not being good enough' pile up on their generation, according to new research by The Prince's Trust.
DEVELOPERS have withdrawn a proposal to build a new seven-bedroom home in Bedford Place.
PLANS to build new homes in Bevois have been rejected.
THE Southampton office of national law firm Clarke Willmott LLP has chosen blood courier service SERV Wessex as its charity for the next year.
SOFIANE Boufal has admitted he may look for a way out of Saints this summer after a difficult time at St Mary's.
A STRING of resignations and a loss of sponsorship has forced Andover Town to turn down promotion to the Southern League.
THE re-elected Chairman of Hampshire Police Federation has vowed to not let officers down after he was voted in for another term.
The Honeypot Children's Charity is celebrating, after receiving a generous donation.
ARTISAN Theatre School, based in Bursledon Southampton, had a very special visit from top children's casting director Ann Koska who came to observe one of the schools acting lessons.
ALAN Fitzpatrick played his homecoming show at Switch in Southampton last week, and the Daily Echo caught up with the techno DJ after the show.
The Grandson of one of the early flying commander brothers, John and Geoff Salmond, will bring the amazing story of his grandfather to life at a special talk at the Museum of Army Flying on Thursday 17 May.
I FIND it very distressing the number of ram-raids that are attacking local shops.
Motivation frequently takes a dip as holidays come to an end, change in weather, drop in seasonal sales and even with 9000 channels to choose from, nothing to watch on the TV! Any of the above can impact our day to day survival and how we feel.
HE WAS the juggernaut that shook the nation and made strongman competitions household viewing in the 1980s.
New Labour chief: "I want to take city to next level"
ANOTHER pub has shut its doors in Portswood.
SAINTS' terrible season cost them £12.8m in Premier League prize and television money.
LAW firm Lester Aldridge has announced that head of real estate Matthew Barrow has been elected as managing partner.
I SEE with some trepidation that the naked bike ride is on again, on June 1, a date to be avoided if you are sensitive.
GALE Charles Passed away 15 years ago today. Time slips by and life goes on, But from our hearts you are never gone. Love forever Eve, Ian, Mary, Martin and Helen.
SHORE Sylvia In loving memory of Sylvia Shore, who passed away on 15th May 2017. Sadly missed by John and Tony.
LODGE Ruth Marion Passed away peacefully on 8th May 2018, aged 92. Will be sadly missed by all her family and friends. Funeral Service on Wednesday 23rd May, 11.30am, at Test Valley Crematorium, Romsey.


text:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TimeML xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://timeml.org/timeMLdocs/TimeML_1.2.1.xsd">
In #Malaysia government <EVENT class="OCCURRENCE" eid="e1">unveils</EVENT> consumption tax for the first time to <EVENT class="OCCURRENCE" eid="e2">tackle</EVENT> <EVENT class="OCCURRENCE" eid="e5">soaring</EVENT> debt and <EVENT class="I_ACTION" eid="e3">help</EVENT> economy <EVENT class="OCCURRENCE" eid="e4">grow</EVENT> http://t.co/ddffmS41Ce
<MAKEINSTANCE eiid="ei1" eventID="e1" />
<MAKEINSTANCE eiid="ei2" eventID="e2" />
<MAKEINSTANCE eiid="ei3" eventID="e3" />
<MAKEINSTANCE eiid="ei4" eventID="e4" />
<MAKEINSTANCE eiid="ei5" eventID="e5" />
<SOURCE implicit="AUTHOR" ssid="s0" />
<RELEVANT_SOURCE rsid="s0" />
<FACT_VALUE eiid="ei1" fvid="fv0" rsid="s0" value="CT+" />
<FACT_VALUE eiid="ei2" fvid="fv1" rsid="s0" value="Uu" />
<FACT_VALUE eiid="ei3" fvid="fv2" rsid="s0" value="Uu" />
<FACT_VALUE eiid="ei4" fvid="fv3" rsid="s0" value="Uu" />
<FACT_VALUE eiid="ei5" fvid="fv4" rsid="s0" value="CT+" />
</TimeML>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It's been a crazy week in the legislature, and work may not end until late Friday. Legislators are supposed to finalize the proposed state budget forfiscal year 2018 and send it to Gov. Greitens' desk by the end of tomorrow's session. However, there are many personal conflicts in the MO Senate that may stall the budget, and therefore require it to be considered in a special session after the regular session.
Here are some articles from the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the Kansas City Star that give you some more information about this week's struggles in the Senate.
Although the proposed state budget must be sent to the Governor by the end of tomorrow, non-budget legislation can be considered next week. The MCC continues to push for the passage of legislation that will stop the creation of abortion sanctuaries. This legislation is also in jeopardy because of the infighting in the Senate. The session ends Friday, May 12. Stay tuned for more, and please respond to this Action Alert to contact your senator about passing pro-life legislation if you have not done so already.
islation if you have not done so already.


text:
'His influence on me is so real': Former FAMU hoops star Ecenur Yurdakul reflects on Kobe Bryant
The global reaction to the tragic death of Kobe Bryant continues to stir up emotions the likes of which have never been seen from a sports star.
Throughout the week, the common theme of every post, tweet or soundbite describing Bryant centers around his profound impact on the game of basketball and the lives he touched.
Bryant's words and record-breaking performances on the court motivated countless people. This list includes former Florida A&M women's basketball player and graduate assistant, Ecenur "E" Yurdakul.
When the news broke on Sunday about the helicopter crash that killed Bryant, his daughter Gianna, all the passengers and the pilot, Yurdakul was devastated.
Initially, she thought it was a hoax or misprint. After more reports were confirmed, the reality of the situation consumed her.
Yurdakul experienced feelings of sadness, denial and isolation.
"I was in my living room and my phone was going off. I received so many messages from people asking if I was OK," Yurdakul said.
"I thought something happened in Turkey. Then I checked the news and it said Kobe Bryant passed away in a helicopter crash. I thought it was fake. Maybe I didn't want to believe it. People close to me know how much he meant to me. I put my phone on do not disturb. It took some time for me to get back to my phone."
Growing up in Istanbul, Turkey, Yurdakul's basketball dream was to "be like Kobe."
As a child, while everyone at home was fast asleep, Yurdakul was up at 3 a.m. watching her favorite player. She kept the TV volume and her cheers at a low level as to not wake up her parents and run the risk of being scolded.
More FAMU Athletics:Griffey Jr. discusses MLB scandal, shares ties to FAMU on recent recruiting trip with son
More FAMU Athletics:FAMU men win, women fall in OT vs. N.C. Central in home doubleheader on MLK Day
More FAMU Athletics:QB transfer Holcombe eager to learn and join new teammates at FAMU
Perhaps the biggest highlight of her youth occurred in 2011 when Bryant came to Turkey and visited the professional soccer team, Galatasaray S.K. Bryant was a big soccer fan. He dribbled the ball with the players. He also received a jersey from the squad.
It's been nine years since this encounter. Nevertheless, Yurdakul vividly recalls every minute of this moment.
"It was Sept. 25, 2011. It was unforgettable," said Yurdakul as she sobbed reflecting on her meeting.
"I was speechless. I was so excited and just stared at him. I hugged him. He was like what's up and how are you. He asked me what's my name and the goals we had. He knew I was a basketball player. Kobe told me to keep pushing forward."
And that's exactly what she did.
Yurdakul emulated Bryant's grit, perseverance through injuries and tenacity on both ends of the floor. These traits propelled her to coming overseas and competing at FAMU.
She spent three years with the Rattlers. The 2016-17 and 17-18 seasons were as a player. In 2018-19, Yurdakul was a GA coach first under LeDawn Gibson then Kevin Lynum.
"His influence on me is so real. He was the true definition of compassion and hard work. I had two serious injuries and I never gave up," she said.
"I always watched his highlights and motivational speeches. He pushed me through. All the teammates I played with knew I was always in the gym early and left late. I do this even now as a coach."
Yurdakul earned a degree in psychology. She later obtained a master's in sports administration/management.
Currently, Yurdakul works as the International Athletic Compliance Coordinator & assistant women's basketball coach at Motlow State Community College Athletics. This is a Division I NJCAA school located in Tullahoma, Tennessee.
As she pursues her career in the coaching profession, Yurdakul attributes her time at FAMU and Bryant as her fuel for success.
"His hard work and hustle. He helped me focus every time I step on the court. I've fought so many silent battles. Kobe showed me toughness and accountability. That's the Mamba mentality," she said.
"Florida A&M gave me so many values. It's made me who I am today. It pushed me to be a better person and to get out of my comfort zone. I'm so grateful for FAMU."
Follow FAMU beat writer Rory Sharrock on Twitter @rattlernews and @married2game1.
Never miss a story: Subscribe to the Tallahassee Democrat.


One of my self-imposed tasks at the Cavern is to help keep the garden at the little school in good order. It's a great pre-primary and primary school with over 50 pupils, many of whom are sponsored by the wonderful Cavern guests. I have created a garden with a winding path, crawl-through drum and a bridge over a pebble-strewn "pretend" stream and while down there today I was joined by a Familiar Chat. This little guy was eager to take advantage of the various bugs and beetles that I was disturbing with my digging and didn't seem at all worried by my presence. This got me thinking about the name; this little bird is certainly familiar in the sense of being around people and seemingly enjoying their presence. Although a rather dull chap, sort of brownish with a reddish rump, the wing-flick that it gives each time it moves position is a dead give-away to its identity. One quick flick if it has only moved a small distance and at least two flicks if the new position is quite far away. This is not only for our edification; other little brown birds also need to know who's who and some have identifying songs while others do things like this wing-flick.
Although I am not a winter person, I do love the aloe season here at the Cavern; great banks of Aloe arborescens are in flower at the moment. At any time of the day you can enjoy the antics of Gurney's Sugarbird, Malachite Sunbird, Greater Double-collared Sunbird and any number of nectar pirates all enjoying the feast put on by the lovely orange flowering spikes. The male Malachite Sunbirds are no longer resplendent in their glorious shiny green breeding plumage, but they keep their long tails and a splash of green on the shoulder so we can still tell the boys from the girls. The lure of the nectar is so great that one can stand a couple of metres from the plants and binoculars are quite superfluous.
Winter is also the time to look out for the dear little Fairy Flycatcher, definitely one of my absolute favourites. A gentle grey and white with a soft pink-coloured tummy, the Fairy Flycatcher is one of our altitudinal migrants, birds that breed on the top of the berg and then when winter starts to bite, they move downhill and we have the pleasure of them right in the Cavern garden. A short walk down to the bottom dam this afternoon turned up one of these charming little visitors; it was in no hurry and we were able to watch it for about ten minutes – what a pleasure!
Nectar feeders are becoming more and more popular both with people and the birds. One of the problems can be attracting bees, which in turn drive the birds away. Bees are quite fussy and only like a sugar solution of over 20%, so to keep them away make the concentration 20% or a little less.


Meet my new best friend for the semester: capstone. - I bet you think this blog is about you.
Meet my new best friend for the semester: capstone.
Yes, I can be friends with a house. Don't judge.
Yesterday I took a day trip to Flint with my fellow classmates and instructors for our master's capstone project. In brief, we will be working with the University of Michigan-Flint's resource science department and the Genesee County Land Bank to develop an abandoned house into a combo classroom-living* space in an existing neighborhood near campus. It is intended to also be a showcase of energy efficiency, possibly including a geothermal field in the adjacent open lot. While we won't be in charge of the renovation, we've been tasked with ensuring the stakeholders know all of the planning and zoning bits they need to be in line with, and how it can best fit with the neighborhood context.
I'm jazzed about the project, and especially about spending time in Flint. We met with the neighborhood association, primarily long-time residents (some are also landlords in the area) that are savvy about getting positive intervention in their area and resisting the negative, and they certainly know the difference. More updates to come.
* With three small apartments on the second floor. International students in particular appear to be potential tenants.
I don't think the words "I'm jazzed about spending time in Flint" have ever appeared together in print before.
But more people should, because 1) it's cheap, 2) there are never traffic jams, and 3) they still make an assload of GM trucks every year.


In possibly their best ever performance, MAGS' Kapa Haka group placed sixth in Division 1 this year.
After the cancellation of the last day of Polyfest due to the Christchurch shootings, the rescheduled competition last weekend was renamed Te Pou Herenga o Kia Aroha.
Due to the postponement, this year's campaign consisted of nine weeks' worth of training, including Tuesday and Wednesday practices from 3.45pm-9pm, all-day Waitangi Day and 6 live-ins from 6.30pm Friday night through to 1pm on Sunday afternoon.
Seventy two students trialled for the group; 50 made the performing team and 15 were reserves.
HoF Te Puna o Wairaka Waimirirangi Paul said, "Overall, we placed sixth out of 13 groups in Division 1, and roughly 52 groups across all three divisions at the competition. We were only five points away from fifth place. This is the best overall aggregate placing MAGS has received, to my knowledge.


Friday, 29 May , 2015), The Minimum Bid ("MB") is a guide which has been set in accordance with current market value, determined through constant monitoring of auction sales during recent years. In cases of extreme rarity, the actual realized price may far exceed the Minimum Bid, while in other cases an item may realize a price very close to the Minimum Bid, and, occasionally, the Minimum Bid itself. Please simply bid in accordance with whatever a given item means to you. If a bidder wins more than originally anticipated, we are most pleased to make any mutually comfortable arrangement for payment terms. Please inquire.
M-A - nearly MINT, albeit slightly used Copy.
A - slightly used Copy, but with no defects.
B - used Copy, with light wear and rubs, not affecting playing. Any other defects, e.g.: light (lt), edge chip (ec), lamination (lam), hairline crack (hlc), internal pressure crack (ipc), scratch (scr); label damage, etc. are most clearly identified within each individual listing.
POM - A Direct Pressing, Pressed from Original Master, (never a dubbing), whether an Original Pressing or Subsequent Issue.
H & D - relates exclusively to Vertical-Cut (Hill & Dale) 78rpm issues, requiring a special stylus.
We are pleased to receive bids via phone (802-524-7673) or Fax: (1 888 819 4831), or e-mail (norbeckpetersford@gmail.com) 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. We also accept bids via postal mail. When placing your bids, please list the ITEM NUMBER (in left column of catalogue) and a brief description of the item. Include your phone & FAX number (e-mail, when available) on all orders. Please state your current Mailing Address.
REMITTANCE:Please include your Credit Card number, with expiration date and name as it appears on the card. We also accept PayPal payments. Make checks and money orders payable to Norbeck, Peters & Ford, in US Dollars. Checks and Money orders must be PAYABLE THROUGH A UNITED STATES BANK.
ALL FOREIGN BANK CHARGES MUST BE PREPAID!
SHIPPING: PLEASE INDICATE THE EXACT ADDRESS TO WHICH YOU WANT YOUR PARCEL SHIPPED.
We have a fine stock of 78rpm Storage Albums (normally containing twelve sleeves each), priced at $7.50 per album, as slightly used, but EXCELLENT. When ordering, be sure to specify whether you want 10" (25cm) or 12" (30cm).
We have a comprehensive stock of choice copies of thousands of vocal and instrumental 78s, and LPs. Additionly, we have hundreds of performer & composer biographies, as well as books on opera houses, etc. We also have an extensive inventory of vintage photos and ephemera. Please let us know your needs.


Patricia Mauldin Gilmer Tubbs went to be with her Savior on Wednesday, November 14, 2018 after a full life of service to God and her family. She was 93 years old and had lived at Given's Highland Farms, Black Mountain, NC for 22 years. Married to Ace Leonard Tubbs (dec'd February, 2015), she was the daughter of Sam Orr and Maud Elizabeth Cason Gilmer. She met our Dad while attending the Presbyterian School of Christian Education in Richmond, while he was attending Richmond Theological Seminary. It was love at first sight and they married shortly thereafter in 1946. She was the mother of five, grandmother of eleven and great grandmother of twelve, all of whom fill her life with much joy.
She studied vocal performance at Converse College and used her solo voice in praise to God in many churches and events throughout her life. Now her pure, lilting, lyric soprano voice is enhancing the Heavenly Choir. Her last two weeks on earth were spent singing all her favorite hymns with three of her children, and a son-in-law and a steady stream of saints (who came to her room with their own hymnals). It was a blessed and sweet time for all, including the Highland Farms Nurses and CNA's who lovingly cared for her over many years.
We loved our Mama and Daddy and are grateful to God for the gift of Eternal Life. They are reunited now and forever, which fills us with joy! A family remembrance day is planned for July 4th weekend.
Mama was a big supporter of her daughter's non-profit to help men trapped in addiction. If you wish to honor her, please check out williamsplace.org. Penland Family Funeral Home is honored to be caring for the Tubbs Family.


text:
Molecular Typing in Public Health Laboratories: From an Academic Indulgence to an Infection Control Imperative
J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(1):1-7
J Prev Med Public HealthJournal ArchiveJ Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(1)
Publication date (electronic) : 2012 January 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.1.1
Franz Allerberger
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria.
Corresponding author: Franz Allerberger, MD. Spargelfeldstr. 191, A-1220 Vienna, Austria. Tel: +43-50555-35500, Fax: +43-50555-95-35500, Franz.Allerberger@ages.at
Received 2011 October 25; Accepted 2011 November 15.
Using three Austrian case studies, the variegated applications of molecular typing in today's public health laboratories are discussed to help illustrate preventive management strategies relying on DNA subtyping. DNA macrorestriction analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis has become the gold standard for subtyping of food borne pathogens like listeria, salmonella, campylobacter and Bacillus cereus. Using a Salmonella Mbandaka outbreak from the year 2010 as example, it is shown how the comparison of patterns from human isolates, food isolates, animal isolates and feed isolates can allow to identify and confirm a source of disease. An epidemiological connection between the simultaneous occurrence of tuberculosis in cattle and deer with cases of human tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium caprae in 2010 was excluded using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units variable-number tandem repeats subtyping. Also in 2010, multilocus sequence typing with nonselective housekeeping genes, the so-called sequence based typing protocol, was used to elucidate connections between an environmental source (a hospital drinking water system) and a case of legionellosis. During the last decades, molecular typing has evolved to become a routine tool in the daily work of public health laboratories. The challenge is now no longer to simply type microorganisms, but to type them in a way that allows for data exchange between public health laboratories all over the world.
Keywords: DNA fingerprinting; Multilocus sequence typing; Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; Sequence-based typing
In 1978 when the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine was awarded jointly to a German, Werner Arber, and the two Americans, Daniel Nathans and Hamilton O. Smith, "for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics," public health laboratories in Europe were essentially still structured in the same way as when they were originally founded. In the late 1890s Robert Koch had initiated routine testing of stool specimens to detect human carriers of Salmonella Typhi [1]. Screening for Corynebacterium diphtheriae, for Streptococcus pyogenes (the causative agent of scarlet fever, then a feared infection) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were other major tasks for public health laboratories, at a time when eradicating pathogens by detecting and isolating human carriers was considered feasible. In the following decades, subtyping, the characterization of microorganisms beyond the species level was restricted to exceptional situations, with results often coming in months after the actual problem had occurred.
However, infectious disease challenges are manifold and not of static nature. Identifying human carriers is no longer the main task of public health laboratories. The changes in infectious diseases are the result of ongoing changes in human demographics and behaviours, of changes in technology and industry, changes in economic development and land use, increasing and rapid international travel and commerce, ongoing microbial adaptation, and also the consequence of public health measures [2]. Addressing infectious diseases unabatedly requires a strong public health infrastructure to detect and rapidly respond to these emerging threats to health. Identifying clones of pathogens quickly and reliably is now of crucial importance if public health authorities are to respond effectively to the threat posed by a specific infectious source. One of the most notable benefits resulting from the discovery of restriction enzymes is the ability of the new armoury of molecular methods to characterise and quickly identify bacterial clones. In the last three decades, DNA fingerprinting thchniques have become an indispensable tool in the everyday work of public health laboratories; restriction enzymes were the key to this innovation. For the public health laboratory system in Austria (total population 8.3 million), the implementation of these new methods has effectuated a complete restructuring, with a switch from geographic allocation of tasks (six laboratories each serving a certain geographic area) to allocating special tasks to the only two remaining laboratories, each offering specialized service to all of the country. In this special article, the author discusses the variegated applications of molecular typing in today's public health laboratories by presenting three case studies to help illustrate preventive management strategies relying on subtyping. These examples originate from the daily routine work of the Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES). AGES is an independent statutory agency established by the Austrian Health and Food Safety Act in 2002. The Austrian examples presented here are from the years 2010/2011 and are supposed to give an overview of the diverse fields of applications of various DNA subtyping methods routinely employed in everyday work.
PULSED FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis is a direct result of the work of W. Arber, D. Nathans and H.O. Smith. DNA macrorestriction analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which revolutionized precise separation of DNA fragments greater than 40 kb, has even become the gold standard for subtyping of food borne pathogens like listeria, salmonella, campylobacter and Bacillus cereus [3,4]. D.C. Schwartz and C.R. Cantor developed this variation of agarose gel electrophoresis in which the orientation of the electric field across the gel is changed periodically ("pulsed") rather than kept constant as it was in conventional agarose gel electrophoresis [5]. This technology separates large fragments of unsheared microbial chromosomal DNA obtained by embedding intact bacteria in agarose gel plugs, enzymatically lysing the cell wall and digesting the cellular proteins. The intact DNA is digested with an infrequently cutting restriction enzyme. Subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis allows differentiation of clonal isolates from unrelated ones [6].
In April 2010, the Austrian reference centre for salmonella noticed a sudden increase in the number of salmonelloses due to a usually rare serotype: while only five human Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Mbandaka-infections were documented in the year 2009, 19 such cases were noticed during the two weeks from March 10 to March 31. Isolates were subjected to molecular analysis using PFGE [7,8] and isolates from the year 2010 were found to be indistinguishable from each other but clearly different from those received in previous years. Epidemiological investigation revealed consumption of raw or insufficiently heated eggs or egg dishes as the highly likely source of infection. Active case findings finally resulted in 159 microbiologically confirmed cases. A leftover egg sample from a patient's refrigerator tested positive for Salmonella Mbandaka. Because the epidemiologically incriminated eggs were traced to 56 different Austrian producers but no increase was noticed in neighbouring countries, like Germany or Italy, 226 laying hen flocks serving the 56 producers were environmentally sampled. Although three months had passed between the beginning of the outbreak and sampling of the farms, faecal dust samples from two laying hen flocks still tested positive for the outbreak strain, as did a specimen from a commercial feed product taken at one of these two farms. From the farm with the positive feed sample, 290 consecutive eggs were tested using pools of five eggs each (testing separated for surface and egg content): Salmonella Mbandaka was cultured from one of 58 tested pools on egg surface only. The investigation proved that consumable eggs were the vehicle of this outbreak, and that Salmonella Mbandaka was introduced into the laying hen flocks involved - from 8 of the 9 Austrian provinces - via commercial feed. Further investigations, with microbiological testing of 226 additional laying hen flocks and tracing their feed supply, finally identified one Austrian feed mill as the sole source of the incriminated feed. Figure 1 presents the PFGE patterns of the outbreak clone using the restriction enzyme XbaI in comparison with isolates of sporadic cases gained in previous years; Salmonella Braenderup H9812, which gives rise to a broad spectrum of precisely defined bands, was used as internal standard. The comparison of PFGE patterns from human isolates, food isolates, animal isolates and feed isolates allowed us to identify and confirm the sources of disease. Once an epidemiological investigation has identified a potential source, PFGE can help confirm that the outbreak strain is found in some stage of food production. This leads to a better understanding of the means of contamination and spread and therefore to better control interventions. However, the time required to complete the procedure (>1 day), the need for relatively specialized equipment for electrophoresis and the fact that PFGE generates band patterns that are difficult to share between laboratories are major disadvantages inherent in this method. The analysis of banding patterns can be time-consuming, and the interpretation of banding patterns is somewhat subjective. As a result, improved methods are being sought, but as yet no single method has been able to replace PFGE.
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns using the restriction enzyme XbaI.
Lanes 1 and 10: Salmonella Braenderup (internal standard), lane 2: human Salmonella Mbandaka isolate from 2010, epidemiologically not related to the 2011-outbreak, lanes 3-9: Salmonella Mbandaka outbreak clone (lanes 3-6: isolates from outbreak cases, lane 7: isolate from an epidemiologically involved left over egg, lane 8: isolate from a faecal dust sample of an epidemiologically involved laying hen flock, lane 9: isolate from the causative feed).
SEQUENCE BASED TYPING
Ten years ago, gel based RFLP analysis using the repetitive insertion sequence IS6110 as a probe was still considered the gold standard for typing of mycobacterial strains [9]. However, the technical steps of IS6110 RFLP were both labor-intensive and lengthy [10]. Moreover, sophisticated computer image analysis software was required for fingerprinting in large-scale analysis. Therefore, typing of mycobacteria has nearly completely switched from RFLP analysis to a polymerase chain reaction-based typing method that relies on the analysis of tandem repeats present in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex-genome in up to 41 genetic elements. These genetic elements, called mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRUs), are scattered throughout the genome, with a variable number of copies of the repeat unit in each locus. MIRU-variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) analysis generates numerical values that can easily be shared between laboratories [11].The availability of whole-genome sequences has facilitated the discovery of these VNTRs, loci that contain short strings of nucleotides that are repeated a few to many times. This has led to the birth of this new subtyping method, also called multilocus VNTR analysis (MLVA) [12]. Results are depicted by numerical codes, giving the number of MIRU alleles at each locus tested. The following example shows the potential of this molecular subtyping method to disprove an epidemiological connection. The simultaneous occurrence of tuberculosis in cattle and deer in western Austria and cases of human tuberculosis in eastern Austria were noted in early 2011 and prompted an investigation to elucidate a possible connection.
Mycobacterium caprae, a recently defined member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis among animals and, to a limited extent, in humans in several European countries [13]. While in the ten year period until 2009, there was only one human tuberculosis case with Mycobacterium caprae documented in Austria (in 2008), in 2010 three such cases were registered for this mandatorily reportable disease. Already in fall 2008, the western provinces Tyrol and Vorarlberg had begun to test all cattle for tuberculosis, after documenting occurrence of Mycobacterium caprae in some herds of one of nine Tyrolean districts [14,15]. More than 100 cows from 75 farms had to be culled. Cattle were supposed to have become infected after grazing on alpine pastures contaminated by diseased deer. In the affected district, the county of Reutte, neighbouring the province of Vorarlberg, more than 10% of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) population was found to be infected with Mycobacterium caprae. Overstocking and winter feeding (with "unnatural" crowding of deer at few feeding places) was considered the cause. In 2010, public authorities ordered decimation of half of approx. 1100 red deer in the affected county. The sudden emergence of three human Mycobacterium caprae infections in 2010 raised the question as to whether there was an epidemiological link between animal and human illness. Figure 2 depicts the geographic origin of the Mycobacterium caprae infections in cattle, deer (unpublished AGES data) and humans documented in 2010 [16-18]. MIRU genotyping was performed on these animal and human Mycobacterium caprae isolates. MIRU patterns from deer and cattle isolates were indistinguishable from each other [15], but clearly different from the three patterns of the human isolates. The molecular genetic analysis did not reflect patterns indicative of spread of Mycobacterium caprae from the veterinary outbreak in western Austria to the human cases in eastern Austria. MIRU-VNTR results were substantiated by epidemiological findings: patient A, a 13 year old girl of Turkish ancestry living in Vienna probably became infected when visiting her grandparents in rural Turkey during summer breaks. Patient B, a 85-year-old lady from Lower Austria, probably got infected by her late husband, who had the cattle of his farm culled due to bovine tuberculosis in the early 1960s. Patient C, a 70-year-old patient from Upper Austria probably got infected around 1965, when the cattle of his farm had to be culled by public order because of tuberculosis. Molecular typing was not only able to exclude a connection between the recent re-emergence of tuberculosis in cattle and deer with the occurrence of human Mycobacterium caprae cases but even to disprove the existence of a human outbreak.
Geographic distribution of Mycobacterium caprae cases in humans, cattle, and deer in Austria in 2010.
V, Vorarlberg; T, Tyrol; S, Salzburg; C, Carinthia; UA, Upper Austria; LA, Lower Austria; ST, Styria; B, Burgenland; V, Vienna.
Ten years ago, a single-endonuclease, amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis method by which the patterns are resolved by standard agarose electrophoresis, was adopted as an international standard by the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI), especially for cases of travel-associated legionellosis [19]. However, while this method allowed relatively reliable screening of isolates within a single laboratory, inter-laboratory comparison of the results still posed a significant hurdle. Therefore, EWGLI developed a sequence-based typing (SBT) scheme for clinical and environmental isolates of Legionella pneumophila, which is presently widely used in Europe in the investigation of outbreaks of legionellosis caused by Legionella pneumophila. The advantages of using a multilocus sequence typing approach with nonselective housekeeping genes has been well documented for various microorganisms [20]. Using the so-called SBT protocol, the SBT database (provided by EWGLI in conjunction with the London based Health Protection Agency and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control in Stockholm under http://www.hpa-bioinformatics.org.uk/legionella/legionella_sbt/php/sbt_homepage.php) allows assignment of the seven ordered alleles, flaA, pilE, asd, mip, mompS, proA, and neuA as described by Gaia et al. [21] and Ratzow et al. [22], and representation as one of presently 1032 sequence types (ST). ST 81 for instance has the allelic profile, i.e. the ordered string of allele numbers separated by commas, 2,10,3,28,9,4,9.
The following example on Legionella pneumophila underlines the considerable potential of this molecular typing method to elucidate connections between an environmental source, in this case a hospital drinking water system, and a case of human illness. At the end of July 2010, the Austrian reference centre for legionella learned about a case of legionella pneumonia in a 70 year old female patient, who had died on July 26. Onset of symptoms had occurred on July 22, admission to hospital C on July 24. A urinary antigen test performed on day 2 of hospitalization was positive for Legionella pneumophila. The patient, who also suffered from neoplasm bronchi with brain metastases, had previously been hospitalized in hospital A for chemotherapy from July 6 to 16, and after spending four days at her private home (from July 16 to 20) - in hospital B for γ-knife intervention (July 20 to 21). In order to identify the environmental source of infection, efforts were made to obtain a patient isolate for comparison with possible future environmental isolates. A blood culture drawn on July 25 (with a negative result reported by the laboratory of hospital C) was the sole specimen available (autopsy was denied due to religious constraints). Two blood culture bottles were sent to the national reference laboratory and volumes of 0.1 and 0.5 mL were directly plated onto buffered charcoal yeast extract agar with and without glycine, vancomycin, polymycin B and cycloheximide supplementation (Oxoid, Cambridge, UK). After incubating for five days, approximately ten colony forming units (CFU) per ml blood culture medium were gained: Legionella pneumophila serogroup (sg) 1 (ST 81) and Legionella pneumophila sg 3 (ST 93). Double infection is a rare, but not unusual phenomenon, be it in salmonellosis, in tuberculosis or in legionellosis [23]. For the health administrators in charge, an available isolate usually initiates an attempt to identify the source of the patient's infection in order to prevent further fatalities. Legionella is often found in warm and cold water systems of buildings; without proof of clonal identity, the mere demonstration of Legionella pneumophila in a water system cannot be regarded as proof of causal relation with illness. Within the incubation period of 2 to 10 days, the patient had stayed in two hospitals and in her own apartment. The testing of water samples, drawn from the patient's room in hospitals A and B and at her home, demonstrated legionella contamination in all three facilities. Water samples (cold and hot water, mixed) obtained on July 29 from the room occupied by the patient during her stay in hospital A yielded 1 CFU Legionella pneumophila sg 1 (ST 81)/100 mL from the sample "hand washbasin tap" and 7 CFU Legionella pneumophila sg 3 (ST 93)/100 mL from the sample "shower". Water samples (again cold and hot water, mixed) obtained on July 29 from the room occupied by the patient during her stay in hospital B yielded 1 CFU Legionella pneumophila sg 1 (ST 442)/100 mL from the sample "shower". Water samples obtained on August 4 from the patient's home yielded 1-220 CFU Legionella pneumophila sg 10/100 mL. Sequence based typing revealed that hospital A was the causative reservoir. The financial resources necessary to sanitize this contaminated drinking water system would not have been allocated without microbiological proof of a causal connection with human illness.
Molecular typing of pathogens causing diseases complements the traditional epidemiological surveillance by providing appropriate discriminatory analyses to foster rapid and early detection of dispersed clusters or outbreaks, and for detection and investigation of transmission chains. It also supports studies to trace-back the source of an outbreak and to identify new risk factors as the strains can be linked more accurately to epidemiological and clinical data. All of this information can be applied towards improving and better targeting existing infectious disease prevention and control measures and thus presents a clear and immense benefit for the public health and public health policies.
Molecular typing has evolved to become a routine tool in the daily work of public health laboratories. As this holds true not only for Austria, but also for many other European member states, extensive work is presently being done to prepare for a molecular infectious diseases surveillance system in the European Union [24]. Starting with food and waterborne diseases and with tuberculosis, the ECDC in Stockholm, Sweden, focuses on establishing centralised databases for typing results from PFGE and from MLVA. In the case of food and waterborne diseases, this will enable the linkage of national sporadic cases or outbreaks across the European member states' borders and beyond. The system will start with nontyphoidal Salmonella, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes and it will be compatible with the global surveillance of food and waterborne diseases-system led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia (PulseNet International) and the World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland (Global food-borne infections network). To enhance capacity building in the European member states, an MLVA implementation project has already been initiated with the aim to support establishment of the methodology in Mycobacterium tuberculosis reference laboratories. To enhance the capacity for PFGE methodology, a first hands-on workshop took place in June 2011 in order to support Listeria monocytogenes molecular typing implementation as a prerequisite for effective surveillance systems. So the challenge is now no longer to simply type microorganisms, but to type them in a unified way that allows for data exchange between public health laboratories all over the world. To accomplish that, a significant investment in bioinformatics will be required in order to translate large amounts of metagenomics (gene-based) data into a form that provides useful epidemiologic information. New DNA sequencers can determine more than 100 megabases of DNA sequences per run, and new sequencing technologies eliminate the bacterial cloning step used in traditional Sanger sequencing. Instead, they multiply single isolated DNA molecules and analyze them with computers capable of massive parallel processing [25]. The emphasis of future DNA subtyping developments should be on the use of sequence based metagenomics rather than on the gel based methods still used in many public health laboratories. The end-point of typing techniques will be sequencing a whole genome of a pathogen which has the highest discriminatory power [26,27]. However, - as illustrated by the examples of molecular typing presented in this manuscript - for epidemiologic purposes for many diseases methods with lower discriminatory power are presently the gold-standard for public health purposes.
Addressing emerging infectious diseases requires international and interdisciplinary partnerships to assemble an appropriate infrastructure to detect and respond to these threats to health. Sequence-based typing methods are offering new perspectives of enhanced resolution and comparability of typing systems for public health applications. As gene sequencing technology develops further and methods of sequence analysis become even more user-friendly, new typing methods will evolve and promote acceptance of routine molecular typing in public health laboratories even more.
I would like to express my gratitude to all my coworkers for their unresting commitment in daily public health work. Kornschober C., Indra A., and Wewalka G. provided the typing results described in the three Austrian case studies. Hofer E. from the Veterinarian National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory kindly provided the animal isolates. I thank Prodinger W. from the Medical University Innsbruck for providing valuable comments on the manuscript.
The author has no conflicts of interest with the material presented in this paper.
This article is available at http://jpmph.org/.
1. Berger S. Bakterien in Krieg und Frieden: eine Geschichte der medizinischen Bakteriologie in Deutschland 1890-1933 2009. Gottingen: Wallstein Verlag. p. 143–170. (German).
2. Cohen ML. Resurgent and emergent disease in a changing world. Br Med Bull 1998;54(3):523–532. 10326281.
3. Gerner-Smidt P, Hise K, Kincaid J, Hunter S, Rolando S, Hyytia-Trees E, et al. PulseNet USA: a five-year update. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2006;3(1):9–19. 16602975.
4. Choi KB, Lim HS, Lee K, Ha GY, Jung KH, Sohn CK. Epidemiological investigation for outbreak of food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus among the workers at a local company in 2010. J Prev Med Public Health 2011;44(2):65–73. (Korean). 21483225.
5. Schwartz DC, Cantor CR. Separation of yeast chromosomesized DNAs by pulsed-field gradient gel electrophoresis. Cell 1984;37(1):67–75. 6373014.
6. Graves LM, Swaminathan B, Hunter SB. In : Ryser ET, Marth EH, eds. Subtying Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria, listeriosis and food safety 2007. 3rd edth ed. New York: CRC Press. p. 283–304.
7. Ribot EM, Fair MA, Gautom R, Cameron DN, Hunter SB, Swaminathan B, et al. Standardization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for the subtyping of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Shigella for PulseNet. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2006;3(1):59–67. 16602980.
8. Hunter SB, Vauterin P, Lambert-Fair MA, Van Duyne MS, Kubota K, Graves L, et al. Establishment of a universal size standard strain for use with the PulseNet standardized pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols: converting the national databases to the new size standard. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43(3):1045–1050. 15750058.
9. Vincent V, Brown-Elliott BA, Jost KC, Wallace RJ. In : Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA, Yolken RH, eds. Mycobacterium: phenotypic and genotypic identification. Manual of clinical microbiology 2003. 8th edth ed. Washington DC: ASM Press. p. 560–584.
10. Van Embden JD, Cave MD, Crawford JT, Dale JW, Eisenach KD, Gicquel B, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31(2):406–409. 8381814.
11. Sougakoff W. Molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17(6):800–805. 21682800.
12. Lindstedt BA. Multiple-locus variable number tandem repeats analysis for genetic fingerprinting of pathogenic bacteria. Electrophoresis 2005;26(13):2567–2582. 15937984.
13. Prodinger WM, Brandstatter A, Naumann L, Pacciarini M, Kubica T, Boschiroli ML, et al. Characterization of Mycobacterium caprae isolates from Europe by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit genotyping. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43(10):4984–4992. 16207952.
14. Nindler P, Paschinger A. Bauern fordern Tbc-Freiheit: Rotwild vor Totalabschuss. Tiroler Tageszeitung 2011. cited 2011 Dec 20. Available from: http://www.tt.com/csp/cms/sites/tt/Tirol/2448885-2/bauern-fordern-tbc-freiheit--rotwild-vor-totalabschuss.csp (German).
15. Rotwild im AuBerfern von TBC befallen: MaBnahmen notwendig. Tiroler Tageszeitung 2011. cited 2011 Dec 20. Available from: http://www.tt.com/csp/cms/sites/tt/%C3%9Cberblick/Chronik/ChronikTirol/2452482-6/rotwild-im-au%C3%9Ferfern-von-tbc-befallen--ma%C3%9Fnahmen-notwendig.csp (German).
16. Salgado-Voss AS, Much P, Rendi-Wagner P, Herzog U. Bericht uber Zoonosen und ihre Erreger in osterreich im Jahr 2010. cited 2011 Dec 20. Available from: http://www.ages.at/uploads/media/Zoonosenbroschuere_2010.pdf (German).
17. Amt der Vorarlberger Landesregierung. Resume zum Jagdjahr 2010/2011. cited 2011 Dec 20. Available from: http://www.vorarlberg.at/vorarlberg/landwirtschaft_forst/landwirtschaft/jagd/neuigkeiten_mitbild_/r_sum_zumjagdjahr2010_201.htm (German).
18. Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung. Tbc im Oberen Lechtal gemeinsam bekampfen cited 2011 Dec 20. Available from: http://www.tirol.gv.at/presse/meldungen/meldung/artikel/tbc-im-oberen-lechtal-gemeinsam-bekaempfen/?no_cache=1&cHash=a75c9d6810 (German).
19. Fry NK, Bangsborg JM, Bergmans A, Bernander S, Etienne J, Franzin L, et al. Designation of the European Working Group on Legionella Infection (EWGLI) amplified fragment length polymorphism types of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 and results of intercentre proficiency testing using a standard protocol. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002;21(10):722–728. 12415471.
20. Enright MC, Spratt BG. Multilocus sequence typing. Trends Microbiol 1999;7(12):482–487. 10603483.
21. Gaia V, Fry NK, Afshar B, Luck PC, Meugnier H, Etienne J, et al. Consensus sequence-based scheme for epidemiological typing of clinical and environmental isolates of Legionella pneumophila. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43(5):2047–2052. 15872220.
22. Ratzow S, Gaia V, Helbig JH, Fry NK, Luck PC. Addition of neuA, the gene encoding N-acylneuraminate cytidylyl transferase, increases the discriminatory ability of the consensus sequence-based scheme for typing Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strains. J Clin Microbiol 2007;45(6):1965–1968. 17409215.
23. Pavlic M, Allerberger F, Dierich MP, Prodinger WM. Simultaneous infection with two drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in an immunocompetent host. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37(12):4156–4157. 10565951.
24. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Annual report of the director 2010 2011. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. p. 13.
25. Hoorfar J, Christensen B, Pagotto F, Rudi K, Bhunia A, Giffiths M. In : Hoorfar J, ed. Future trends in rapid methods: where is the field moving, and what should we focus on? Rapid detection, characterization, and enumeration of foodborne pathogens 2011. Washington DC: ASM press. p. 413–420.
26. Croucher NJ, Harris SR, Fraser C, Quail MA, Burton J, van der Linden M, et al. Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions. Science 2011;331(6016):430–434. 21273480.
27. He M, Sebaihia M, Lawley TD, Stabler RA, Dawson LF, Martin MJ, et al. Evolutionary dynamics of Clostridium difficile over short and long time scales. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010;107(16):7527–7532. 20368420.
Copyright © 2012 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
(open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) :


Activision Publishing CEO Eric Hirshberg has defended the company's decision to not show the full feature list for Call of Duty: Elite so far.
Speaking to Gamasutra, Hirshberg said that the lack of a reveal for everything so far is due to most of its features being included into Modern Warfare 3. Its multiplayer is yet to be fully unveiled, but that'll likely happen in its usual September timeslot.
"I'm not sure that there was any way we could have messaged it any better and not gotten that response from that portion of the audience," he said, referring to the first response of the unveil of the premium service.
Speaking about the massive MW3 leak before the game's first official showing, Hirshberg said Activision needed to keep a cool head about it.
Call of Duty: Elite launches alongside Modern Warfare 3 on November 8, with a beta for the latter beginning next month.


text:
The Oklahoma Natural Gas Company Building is a historic building in Tulsa, Oklahoma, at 624 South Boston Ave. It was one of the first local Art Deco buildings built in the new Art Deco style, along with the Public Service of Oklahoma Building. This choice by the relatively conservative utility companies made the style acceptable in the city, with many Art Deco buildings built subsequently in Tulsa. The building was designed by Frank V. Kirshner and Arthur M. Atkinson. It was built of reinforced concrete, and clad in buff brick, except for the lower two stories, which are clad in limestone. The verticalness of the building is emphasized by piers rising the entire height of the facade with windows placed between the piers.

This building was spared from demolition in 1982, when ONEOK (the successor to ONG) abandoned its plan to replace the structure with a new high-rise headquarters building. Instead, ONEOK took over a high-rise then under construction by Citgo at Fifth Street and Boulder Avenue. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 10, 1984, for architectural significance and as a representative of the tremendous growth Tulsa experienced during the 1920s. It  is included in the Oil Capital Historic District as a contributing structure.

References

External links
Building's Web Site:
 http://www.624Boston.com
Tulsa Preservation Commission

Skyscraper office buildings in Tulsa, Oklahoma
Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Oklahoma
Art Deco architecture in Oklahoma
Oneok
Historic district contributing properties in Oklahoma
National Register of Historic Places in Tulsa, Oklahoma

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Schedule of your workshop/tutorial: Please align the schedule of your workshop/tutorial to the given schedule taking into account the coffee break times which are the same across all of ICRA conference and workshops/tutorials days.
Workshop/Tutorial proceedings: As workshop/tutorial organizer, please collect all of the materials that will be used by each of your speakers for distribution to the workshop participants. Combine these into a single.pdf file no larger than 30Mb and upload them to your PaperPlaza account. It is the responsibility of each workshop organizer to be sure that materials for distribution do not violate copyright considerations. These materials must be uploaded by April 15, 2014. Your single pdf file should start with front page, description of the objectives of the workshop/tutorial, list of confirmed invited speakers and organizers information according to this template.
Please start working on your workshop/tutorial as soon as you can. We expect to see a successful workshop/tutorial program at ICRA 2014!


text:
DNR wants to ban deer feeding, tighten rules on importing meat
Thread: DNR wants to ban deer feeding, tighten rules on importing meat
Montreal,Province of Quebec, CANADA
Larry Oakes and Doug Smith
Published Aug 24, 2002 DEER24
GRAND RAPIDS, MINN. -- To guard against chronic wasting disease, state wildlife managers want to ban deer feeding and to prohibit hunters from bringing whole carcasses into Minnesota from other states, the Department of Natural Resources announced Friday.
The proposals are part of a plan to try to prevent the fatal deer and elk brain disease from entering the state and to minimize its spread if it comes here or already has arrived.
"We are very concerned about its potential impact on deer hunting and deer herd management," said DNR Commissioner Alan Garber. If approved by the Legislature, the plan could take effect in 2003.
Feeding encourages deer to congregate at feeding stations, where an infected deer could infect others, possibly through saliva.
While officials don't know whether infected carcasses from other states could transmit the disease to live deer here, they said they don't want to take the chance. Butchered, packaged venison, antlers and hides still would be allowed in under the proposal.
Meanwhile, scientists and wildlife managers agreed Friday at a conference in Grand Rapids that while aggressive measures are warranted, equally aggressive education is needed to quash rumors and assure Minnesotans that humans have little to fear from the disease.
Each speaker at the daylong conference stressed that not once since chronic wasting disease was discovered in 1967 in Colorado has it been known to infect humans, cattle or other species besides deer and elk. The gathering, attended by 250 people, was sponsored by the Minnesota Deer Hunters Association.
Since its discovery, the disease has been detected in South Dakota, Wisconsin, some Western states and Canada.
"In a lot of ways this is a media-driven disease," said Terry Kreeger, an expert on the disease for the Game and Fish Department in the state of Wyoming, where deer and elk herds have harbored the disease for 20 years. "They keep alluding to this being a human disease, and it's not. There appears to be a species barrier to the transmission of this disease."
Fred Strand, a wildlife manager for the state of Wisconsin, which is spending millions this year to test hunter-killed deer and eradicate a portion of its herd, agreed that all evidence indicates the risk to humans is tiny.
"Hundreds died in auto accidents last year in Wisconsin, and no one died of chronic wasting disease," Strand said. "I have a greater risk of having a fatal injury getting out of bed in the morning."
Hunter precautions
Because scientists can't guarantee the disease won't ever infect humans, and because transmission of the disease could hurt Minnesota's deer herd and hunting, experts at the conference recommended that hunters and processors take these precautions:
• Don't shoot emaciated or listless deer, and report the sighting to the DNR, which will try to kill and test the animal.
• Wear gloves while gutting a deer. Avoid contact with the brain, spinal cord, tonsils, spleen and eyeballs, and remove as many lymph nodes as possible (they resemble cooked scallops).
• Debone the meat and avoid mixing venison from multiple deer to make sausage and hamburger. Don't process deer and other animals at the same time, and disinfect equipment after processing.
• It's still safe to remove a portion of the skull plate while removing antlers.
• Wash hands after handling a carcass.
Minnesota DNR officials also are asking for cooperation this fall as 80 employees fan out to registration stations to ask hunters for the heads of as many as 5,000 deer, for brain samples and testing. Hunters can decline the request.
The DNR is proposing a $1 increase on deer hunting licenses to help pay for its efforts to fight the disease.
Feeding ban's impact
Officials don't know how many Minnesotans feed deer, nor do they know the economic impact of the practice. But deer feeding is common in many areas and likely involves thousands statewide.
Many feed stores outstate sell large quantities of deer feed.
"During severe winters many tons a day will go out of here for deer feeding," said Brad Bunge, co-owner of the Carlton, Minn., Feed Mill, southwest of Duluth.
His store sells 50-and 100-pound bags of deer feed -- a blend of corn, sunflower seeds, molasses and apple flavoring. A statewide feeding ban "obviously would be an economic loss to us," he said, though he wasn't sure how significant the loss would be to his business.
"It's a big source of income for country elevators selling salt blocks and grain for deer," said Carroll Henderson, head of the DNR's nongame wildlife program. "It's a very big business. There are lots of people who enjoy attracting wildlife to their yards."
Mechanical deer-feeding devices are sold, and other feeds are aimed at boosting antler production.
Henderson said it's critical that the legislation not inadvertently affect those who put out food for birds. Apparently, at least one person who did that has been cited in Wisconsin, where an emergency deer-feeding ban has been imposed.
Legislators likely will hear from their deer-feeding constituents.
While much feeding is done for recreation or wildlife viewing, officials say other feeding likely is done by hunters to ensure that deer are in their areas when the fall season opens.
Hunters can't legally "bait" deer in Minnesota, but they can hunt in an area where the deer have been fed, as long as the feed is removed before the hunting occurs.
The announcement of the feeding-ban proposal also signifies how sharply views have changed on the feeding of deer in light of chronic wasting disease.
Six years ago, deer hunters persuaded the Legislature to impose a 50-cent surcharge on each deer license sold to fund an emergency feeding program to help deer survive during especially brutal winters. The DNR argued that it would be costly, unnecessary and ineffective.
Because of recent mild winters, the money never has been used and has grown to about $1.4 million.
Last session, at the urging of the Deer Hunters Association, the law was changed to allow the DNR to use the feeding fund for chronic wasting disease management. About $200,000 was appropriated for 2003. The surcharge continues to be collected.
Gary Wolfe, head of the Chronic Wasting Disease Alliance, a national coalition of sportsmen's groups dedicated to fighting the disease, told conferees he's impressed with the action Minnesota is taking.
"You're much better prepared than most states in the country -- even some states where it already has been identified," he said.
-- Larry Oakes is at loakes@startribune.com;Doug Smith is atdsmith@startribune.com
"With every scientific advance, we grow closer to unlocking the mysteries of life and creation. But what have we gained if in the process, we lose our humanity. The most powerful thing we pass along to our children may not reside in the genes, but in the soul."
The Outer Limits(Criminal Nature)


text:
Chevy Gets a New General Manager In Further GM Management Shift
By Kathy Shwiff
Dec. 10, 2009 12:01 am ET
James M. Campbell was named general manager of Chevrolet, as General Motors Co. Chairman Edward Whitacre Jr. continues to shake up management.
In addition, the new head of the Buick division, Michael Richards, whose responsibilities changed amid Mr. Whitacre's management shuffle, is revisiting his contract with the company and may opt to leave, a person familiar with the situation said.


text:
Henry Moore Essay
Henry Moore's sculptures were most commonly very simple solid images. Many were of women, perhaps to celebrate their role in society and show their strength. Moore's mother was a strong woman and it is apparent through his work that he viewed women as the crux of the family. The women depicted in his sculptures are sturdy and heavy looking which confirms this. One sculpture which displays this quality of his work is his Seated and Draped Figure crafted in bronze which depicts an exaggeratedly broad woman positioned as the name of the sculpture suggests.
Moore looked at the female figure as a landscape and it is possible to see the similarities between the rolling lines of the figures in his sculptures and the moors where he grew up.
One of Moore's favoured subject matters is the reclining figure. He has several works depicting the reclining female form done in a variety of techniques and materials. To name a few examples the Reclining Figure is carved out of elmwood, while Recumbent Figure is a stone sculpture. Recumbent figure is also a good example of how Moore was able to synthesise the subject matter of the woman and make the sculpture quite abstract without losing the strong sense of the human form.
The Recumbent figure features a hole in its centre which is not uncommon in Moore's work. He likes to focus on negative spaces as he finds them just as important a part of the rest of the sculpture. The void spaces in the sculptures also add a touch of mystery to his work which is the central theme in his bronze Double Oval. Double Oval is also good example of a typical piece of Moore's work in that it focuses on the undulating lines that are often in his works, and it is also simplistic, dominant and quite monumental. It is also intended, like many of his sculpture to sit outdoors.
Another such outdoor sculpture is Moore's King and Queen. The two were specially designed to sit outside on a weather beaten Scottish moor. In this sculpture Moore has taken advantage of the weather blasted location to use the patina technique. He once said that 'I use patina the opposite of the way a woman uses face powder, to amplify contours rather than minimise them.' This is precisely what he has done in King and Queen which depicts two tall, proud figures, a king and queen, sitting bolt upright in their thrones overlooking the landscape before them.
Moore also gets the contoured look mentioned above by leaving his chisel marks, an inspiration he may have got from the much admired unfinished works of Michaelangelo. Another source of inspiration in Moore's work is Masaccio, a Renaissance painter who managed to do very well in capturing the third dimension in his paintings which gave his figures weight. This admiration is reflected in Moore's sculptures as they concentrate on the weight of the bodies he depicts.
Other culture's art such as Aztec, Celtic and African work also are reflected in some of his sculptures. He liked the African's simple style in particular. The Aztecs also used a lot of stone in their sculptures, stone being one of Moore's favoured materials along with wood and plaster.
Henry Moore as you can see has developed a very distinctive style. He has collected influences for this style from various sources from other cultures to landscapes to his own life. This makes his work uniquely his and I think this is a strong aspect that draws people to his work.
Attention! Free sample Art essays and Art essay examples can be used in instructional purposes only as all free Art essays you can find online are 100% plagiarized. If you want to order your custom Art essay, Art research paper, Art term paper or Art thesis/dissertation written by highly qualified writers – you should contact professional writing services which are committed to provide high-quality custom papers in Art. You can find top custom writing companies listed rightside at our blogroll side-bar.


BubTown Studios is passionate about animation, and we'd love to show you how Explainer Videos can make an impact on your business! Our videos can provide the engagement and ineterest that invokes higher resonse rates, and yest are surprisingly affordable!
If you don't know what an Explainer Video is, you've probably seen one many times! "Explainer Video" is sometimes used as an umbrella term for all animated marketing videos, but it is most often associated with a particular style of 2D marketing animation. Typically, Explainer Videos feature two-dimensional characters with limited animation whose "parts" move in a fashion similar to those of a puppet marionette (technically speaking, this is called "rigging").
Explainer videos have increased in popularity in recent years, and are used as a successful marketing tool by everyone from startups to the world's largest corporations. They are popular for a good reason — they bring results!
Property of Risen Phoenix Technology Group™. Used by permission.
BubTown Studios can build you an Explainer Video to market your products an services that provides the most impact for your dollar!


text:
ORGAN THING: A man just knocked on the door, a postman, a package, the latest Peter Hammill album, a live album called X…
seanworrall / December 22, 2018
A man just knocked on the studio door, a postman, a package, the latest Peter Hammill album, a live album called X….
Now don't be taking this the wrong way, everything about this album is so so right, but could anyone else really get away with this? So laid bare, a live album from the now seventy year old Peter Hammill, it comes with all the history, all those other songs and albums and incarnations, that massive back catalogue, but you only get so far on your (past) charm. It is the fact that he has revealed so so much both as a solo artist and as the brilliant frontman of the mighty Van Der Graaf Generator, one of England's finest bands ever. It really is impossible to listen to him without investing that vital spark of emotion. Listening to Peter Hammill perform songs from his most recent studio album in this bare and beautiful way (they were bare and beautiful anyway). Getting away with it was the wrong question, it isn't quite what I mean, but if it was anyone else, if it was someone who hadn't given us so so much of himself already then we wouldn't invest so much in the beauty of these recordings, Peter Hammill has earned the right to make beautiful albums like these,
Rather like looking at work of a great painter, it isn't like a raw sketchbook, it isn't that these recording and these songs are any less worked than some of those Van Der Graaf master works, and it isn't a case of these voice with just acoustic guitar or piano are less-is-more because there really is so so much in these sparse recordings, so much in those words of a man nearer to the end of his creative process than he is to the start. A lucky man, this is brilliant actually, and yes, you might well say I wasn't ever going to say anything other than this is brilliant, I make no secret of the fact that I'm a fan, (with the possible exception of Cardiacs) there is nothing better that the works of Hammill in all his forms, And yes, this is the first listen and yes it is brilliant, yes it is beautiful, raw, not in terms of the recordings or performance, raw in terms of sentiment.raw in terms of everything being there. I don't really want to be writing a review or writing anything, I just want to listen, to stand quietly and listen to that voice, that unique voice, those words, the space between the words, the quite between the notes, to the flood tides and the tunes and it was suddenly over his head and he was swimming through his life and the jetsom of the past… I really want him to go on and on and on, make more, write more, come on, get on with it, he's only just turned 70 for gawdsake, but these songs and these beautiful live versions and that recent studio album really are like those last Bukowski books that were as good as anything he ever did (Pulp and the facing of his own mortality for instance),
These are very live recordings of songs from his most recent studio album, last year's From The Trees, song from Trees recorded live at various shows on his 2017 and 2018 dates – "For the first time ever, I believe, I performed all of the songs from my latest album in the course of my tours at the end of 2017 and during 2018", "This collection, then, consists of live solo performances of the entire From The Trees album, fully informed by the arrangements which the originals featured on disc, yet also true to the original spirit in which they were written." – this version of On Deaf Ears is something extra special, so much more tan one last stab, "you never know when time is running out…" and he sings "in these declining years" with all the power of a plague of lighthouse keepers, of course he isn't as powerful, but he is, there;s so much more power even if he can't quite belt it out like he and even if hie does sing about no one listening now
If you have recent studio album, then this is an excellent companion, as equally vital, just as right, I feel the same way about listening to Peter Hammill as I do standing in front of a Turner painting for an hour or maybe a Francis Bacon painting for not quite so long a time, he's always been intimate, even when it was of the Van Der Graaf epics it felt intimate, when it he sings like this, just a voice and a guitar or piano on a sparse stage, just a four minute acoustic song it feels so so epic – there's never a short straw drawn, Where would you start with Peter Hammill? There's so much, one of the classic Van Der Graff albums for the early 70's, one of the ground-breaking proto-punk solo albums that he or Rikki Nadir (that were right up there jousting with Roxy or Calvert in '75) or the edgy things the K Band made? Where would you point someone who had never heard him? At different times at different shows I've encountered David Bowie transfixed, John Lydon sitting not far from Marillion's Fish, I've encountered Bruce Dickinson taking notes – they all knew – I have no idea where I'd tell someone who'd never heard Peter Hammill to start? And I really can't write a serious review of this beautifully intimate wonderfully powerful album, you may as well ask me to explain a Peter Prendergast painting or why a Tim Smith song means so much – this review was holed beneath the waterline from the first note of the first song (and the first letter of the keyboard hit), I can;t write objective Peter Hammill reviews any more , lost apostrophes and the sentence or sense or the whatever all skew-whiff, the art of persuasion, just go check it out (but make sure you do in a quite corner, by yourself, no distractions, and do let it unfold,, but then no one really reads this things so none of it really matters, soft soap, hard sell?
Well the postman has done for my day, on to the second listen of this recently released Peter Hammill album now, he really is something very very (very) special, not sure if anyone would get it if they hadn't been there with him and waiting for each new album or show, been there for years, there isn't anything I can play you that would really explain why, he's as good now at 70 years old as he was at the start, in some ways even better, but then that's maybe me getting a little long in the tooth and not wanting to admit it as well? .And words flow by as you paint the things just to pay the rent and you forgot what they really meant, oh look, I can't write Peter Hammill reviews any more, I can't begin to tell you why this album is so good, I think the end is the start, this album would be a wonderful starting point actually…. all things are… (sw)
Further reading: ORGAN THING: Is it possible to be too Peter Hammill? Is that vital spark maintained? Is it there on open display? A new album is upon us…
December 22, 2018 in MUSIC. Tags: MUSIC, PETER HAMMILL, VAN DER GRAAF GENERATOR
ORGAN THING: Is it possible to be too Peter Hammill? Is that vital spark maintained? Is it there on open display? A new album is upon us…
ORGAN THING: The Stranglers fronted by Peter Hammill, with Robert Fripp in the mix, posted today in celebration of Dave Greenfield…
ORGAN THING: A first listen to the album Peter Hammill and Sweden's Isildurs Bane have just made together, is it any good?
← ORGAN THING: Poil, Mula, Ni, Piniol, probably some of the very best music made in 2018…
ORGAN: Upfest to take a break in 2019, a statement from the festival organisers reads… →
One thought on "ORGAN THING: A man just knocked on the door, a postman, a package, the latest Peter Hammill album, a live album called X…"
Pingback: ORGAN THING: The Stranglers fronted by Peter Hammill, with Robert Fripp in the mix, posted today in celebration of Dave Greenfield… | THE ORGAN


text:
E-ClassSpyVideos
All-new 2017 E-Class interior revealed with fully digital dials
Cristi Stefan, November 4, 2015
Home Mercedes Benz E-Class All-new 2017 E-Class interior revealed with fully digital dials
With less than two months to go until its premiere, the 2017 E-Class keeps spilling secret after secret. Now we have our first look at the interior and fully digital dials of the upcoming Mercedes sedan.
Car spotter Walko did it again, catching for the first time the interior on video. The film shows that its layout is set to rely heavily on the bigger S-Class for inspiration, complete with dual LCD screen instruments, round vents finished in chrome and rotary touch-pad controlled COMMAND system with fresh menu structure and augmented reality functions.
The fully digital dials are revealed for the first time, as all other spy pictures and videos have exposed only a mixed solution pairing the large center display with classic analogue instruments.
Tech-wise, the all-new 2017 E-Class will inherit the MRA modular platform from the W205 C-Class. The wheelbase will be extended though for superior interior space. The engine line will be all-new for the E-Class with a fresh family of diesels (OM654) and petrols developed on the modular principle as three-, four-, and six-cylinder units constructed from a multiple of identical 0.5-liter cylinders.
According to latest rumors, Mercedes is also going back to its L6 roots, developing a new twin-turbo 2.9-liter inline-6 engine. And this is not all, as the all-new MRA platform can also support a plug-in hybrid version right from the outset.
In therms of design, the all-new 2016 E-Class mimics the lines of its older brothers, the C-Class and S-Class. A clear separation line though is being drawn by its tauter, slightly sportier proportions.
Source: Walko on youtube
Tags : 2017 E-Class, E-Class, Mercedes E-Class
Elena Luchian, September 15, 2016
It takes two to tango – The first video of the Mercedes-AMG GT Roadster and new photo gallery
Mercedes GLA, Among Sand Dunes and Volcanos
This is the AMG Emotion. VIDEO
First Mercedes pick-up on track, will be built in Spain and Argentina
Mercedes-Benz E-Class L price revealed. Made in China, for China
Cristi Stefan, January 9, 2018
2020 BMW 8 Series Convertible gets ready to fight the S-Class Cabrio
2017 C-Class Cabrio caught on video. See it in motion
2017 Mercedes-Benz GLS is here – the S-Class of the SUVs


text:
Andover trail on the wild side
ANDOVER – Don't be surprised if you spot some furry friends while checking out Andover's newest biking and walking trail. Scaly ones, too.
The four-mile extension of the Redbud Trail, from Prairie Creek Road to U.S. 400 near Santa Fe Road, runs through scenic Kansas countryside that animals seem to enjoy just as much as humans. A good part of it is shaded by a canopy of trees.
"It's real picturesque," said Kim Austin, a volunteer with the Andover-Augusta Rail Trail Initiative, a nonprofit that developed the route.
"There's deer, turtles – a lot of turtles. Friendly snakes. There have been some racoons, coyotes. Skunks. It just depends on what time you're on it. We have a goat that gets out there. The goat actually eats poison ivy, so we're pretty excited about it."
The extension is part of an effort to create a 20-mile recreational trail stretching from downtown Wichita to Augusta, following the abandoned line of the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (later the Burlington Northern Santa Fe railroad). The new section increases the trail's length to six miles in and around Andover. It had already been paved by the city from the Sedgwick/Butler county line at 159th Street to the 13th Street Sports Park. The extension running into rural Butler County is made of finely crushed limestone, much easier for bikes and strollers to navigate than the ballast rock left by the railroad.
Andover-Augusta Rail Trail Initiative (AARTI) formed about seven years ago, achieved nonprofit status in 2014 and began raising money to match a $40,811 grant from the Sunflower Foundation through donations and events such as last month's Midwest Beerfest. Volunteers helped build the extension and will now maintain it. A ribbon-cutting to open the extension and the Redbud Trailhead Park at 1601 N. Main, which features parking and a small shelter, was held Sept. 29.
AARTI members hope to extend the trail another four miles east, into Augusta, but bridges would be needed to cross U.S. 400 and the Whitewater River. Austin says a Kansas Department of Transportation officials "told us that once we got this section of the trail done, they would put a pedestrian bridge over Highway 400."
In the other direction, she's hopeful that the city of Wichita will continue developing the Redbud trail from Woodlawn Avenue to 159th street. The City Council voted to do so in January 2017 but similar plans have been delayed in the past. The trail is already paved from 1-135 to Woodlawn.
Her favorite story about the trail comes from one day when she and other volunteers were out helping maintain it.
"A guy from Texas was out riding. He was up here for (training at) Flight Safety for three weeks. He was absolutely amazed at our trail system and said we have such a gem. He was very impressed."


This 5th biennial international conference hosted by the Crime, Justice and Social Democracy Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology seeks to further build on and innovate in new and imaginative areas of criminological thought.
This conference creates a globally connected space to enhance the dialogue between scholars and practitioners from the Global South and the Global North. The conference welcomes scholars from the global north – as a critical aim of the conference is to link northern and southern scholars in a collective project that will radically transnationalise the discipline into the future. Our previous conference in 2017 attracted 300 and speakers from 27 different countries run over 66 sessions, making it one of the most advanced criminology conferences in the southern hemisphere. A conference wrap up and photos can be found HERE.
Criminology has concentrated mainly on problems of crime and justice in the metropolitan centres of the Global North, while the Global South has remained largely invisible in criminological thinking. This is an historical legacy of the dominance of the social science in the northern hemisphere. This conference aims to redress this imbalance by providing an expansive overview of criminologies of the global periphery. Rather than being held in a city centre, the conference is being convened at Broadbeach, a picturesque part of the Gold Coast in the south east corridor of Queensland, Australia. It has an international airport and is within close proximity to Asia and other parts of the Global South, as well as the beautiful beaches of the Gold Coast and its adjacent hinterland with rich and rare biodiversity.


text:
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD182 (CXCR2) Antibody
5E8/CXCR2 (See other available formats)
CD182, CXCR2, CD128b, IL-8RB, Type II IL-8 receptor
Mouse IgG1, κ
Human peripheral blood granulocytes stained with 5E8/CXCR2 Alexa Fluor® 488
CXCR2 is a 67-70 kD seven-transmembrane protein, also known as IL-8 receptor B (IL-8RB), CD182, and CD128b. It is a CXC chemokine receptor belongs to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. CXCR2 is expressed as homodimer or heterodimer with CXCR1 and found on granulocytes, NK cells, subset of T lymphocytes, mast cells, monocytes, endothelial cells, megakarocytes, and oligodendrocytes. CXCR2 mediates neutrophil activation and chemotaxis, megakaryocytic proliferation, and angiogenesis via binding its ligands including IL-8(CXCL8), NAP-2(CXCL7), GCP-2(CXCL6), and GRO-α,β,γ (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3).
Technical Data Sheet (pdf)
Human CXCR2 transfected L1.2 cells
Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing 0.09% sodium azide and 0.2% (w/v) BSA (origin USA).
Lot-specific (please contact technical support for concentration and total µg amount, or use our Lookup tool if you have a lot number.)
FC - Quality tested
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For flow cytometric staining, the suggested use of this reagent is 5 µl per million cells in 100 µl staining volume or 5 µl per 100 µl of whole blood.
Additional reported applications (for the relevant formats) include: The 5E8/CXCR2 antibody is useful for immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometric analysis of CXCR2 expression.
Kyriakakis E, et al. 2011. J Leukoc Biol. 90:929. PubMed.
Seven transmembrane spanning, G protein-coupled receptor (CPCR), 67-70 kD, homodier or teterodimer with CXCR1
Granulocytes, NK cells, subset of T cells, monocytes, endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes
Neutrophil activation, chemotaxis, angiogenesis
Ligand/Receptor
IL-8(CXCL8), NAP-2(CXCL7), GCP-2(CXCL6), GRO-& alpha;,ß, γ (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3)
Granulocytes, NK cells, T cells, Monocytes, Endothelial cells, Oligodendrocytes, Neutrophils
Angiogenesis, Cell Biology, Immunology, Neuroinflammation, Neuroscience
CD Molecules, Cytokine/Chemokine Receptors, GPCR
1. Chuntharapai A, et al. 1994. J. Immunol. 153:5682.
2. Wilson S, et al. 2005. J. Biol. Chem. 280:28663.
3. Emadi S, et al. 2005. Blood 105:464.
4. Omari KM, et al. 2005. Brain 128:1003.
5. Juremalm M and Nilsson G. 2005. Chem. Immunol. Allergy 87:130.
6. Wolf M, et al. 1998. Eur. J. Immunol. 28:164.
3579 View all products for this Gene ID
View information about CD182 on UniProt.org
Cell Surface Flow Cytometry Staining Protocol
CD Molecule Chart
Does staining at room temperature or even at 37°C help for checking chemokine receptors expression?
Due to continuous recycling of many chemokine receptors, it may be worthwhile to consider staining at room temperature or at 37°C if the staining at lower temperature (which can potentially reduce receptor turnover) is not optimal.
View All CD182 Reagents Request Custom Conjugation