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Psychology Careers
Psychology careers span many fields, including criminal justice, education, business, and mental health, to name a few. Not only is psychology one of the most popular majors on college campuses, but it also has a positive outlook, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics predicting job growth of 14% for psychologists through 2026, with similarly positive outlooks for many related careers.1
Why Pursue a Career in Psychology?
Jobs You Can Get with a Psychology Degree
Associate's Degree Level
Bachelor's Degree Level
Master's Degree Level
Doctorate Degree Level
Specialization Fields with a PhD or PsyD
Psychology Schools by State
There are many good reasons to pursue this career, as the degree requires a fundamental but flexible skill set that can be applied in various fields and industries. A graduate with a degree in psychology may successfully find employment in the field of psychology or in a wide range of careers that are related to psychology. In fact, as of 2017, only 3.5% of college graduates with a bachelor's degree in psychology were working as psychologists.2 Major occupational groups where a large share of psychology groups find work include human services, administrative services, marketing and sales, and education.2
What is it about the field of study that provides such a broad range of options? Students who study psychology:
Take coursework on how people and animals think and behave in various situations, in both ordinary and extreme cases.
Are exposed to the scientific method of data collection and analysis (essentially applied quantitative statistics) that has very practical application in many occupations (for example, business analytics).
Gain critical thinking skills by studying and applying various psychological paradigms to problem-solving, as well as a background in data analysis using the scientific method.
Build written and oral communications through essays, group projects, and class participation.
Mastery of these skills creates the well-rounded candidates that employers seek. A background in psychology can be applied to jobs in almost every industry and in roles that involve understanding or guiding human behavior such as business, counseling, teaching, and social services. Increasing interest in undergraduate degrees in psychology has also led to growth in online bachelor's programs in psychology, which can prepare students for entry-level jobs or graduate study to train for specialized psychology careers. Continue reading to learn more about psychology-related careers by degree level.
A degree in psychology can prepare you for a psychology career and for jobs in many other fields. To learn more about what you can do with a psychology degree, review the following job descriptions that provide salary information, helpful skills, and common tasks associated with each job. With the numerous options available, you can pursue a job that is a good fit for your interests, strengths, and salary requirements.
Psychology Careers with an Associate's Degree
Correctional Officer*
Correctional officers are responsible for safeguarding prison inmate populations. This responsibility includes supervising inmates' activities, participating in rehabilitation, and providing counseling to inmates, which makes corrections work particularly suitable for psychology degree holders. Demand for correctional officers with psychology backgrounds is related to the growing total population of the incarcerated and as interest in appropriate offender management and rehabilitation has increased.10 In addition to working directly with offenders, correctional officers with a background in psychology may have opportunities to make recommendations related to the environmental psychology of the facility where they are work.11 This includes the physical environment as well as factors such as inmate and officer interactions, activities, and inmate choices. Correctional officers earn a median annual salary of $44,400 per year, though a decrease in employment is expected in this field overall through 2026.3
Police Officer*
A police officer's primary duty is to enforce the laws that protect people and property in the jurisdiction in which he or she is working.4 Depending on the size of the department of employment and the officer's rank, the specific responsibilities of a police officer may vary. Officers may spend significant time patrolling assigned areas, making arrests, and performing investigations as necessary.4 Recently, hiring criteria for police officers have become more rigorous, with many police agencies looking for applicants who have completed at least some college, preferably in a concentration such as psychology or criminal justice.5 Qualified police officers may receive increased responsibilities as well as a salary commensurate with experience, in addition to opportunities for advancement. According to Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates, police officers and detectives will see job growth of 7% between 2016 and 2026 and earned an average of $63,380 per year in 2017.6
Psychiatric Technician*
As part of a team of mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, and medical doctors, psychiatric technicians assist clinical professionals and patients with a variety of tasks. Psychiatric technicians usually work with special needs populations, including the elderly and those with mental or emotional illnesses or developmental disabilities.7 Daily responsibilities for psychiatric technicians include observing patients, providing updates, including written reports, and overseeing physicians.7 Psychiatric technicians may also be responsible for administering therapeutic aid and medications.7 The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that psychiatric technicians and aides earned a median of $30,860 per year in 2017, with the areas of highest demand in residential living and correctional facilities.8
Social Work Assistant*
Social work assistants generally have acquired a degree in the behavioral sciences, such as a psychology degree. Many social work assistants work in residential settings, especially in elder care; in such circumstances, these professionals assist clients with performing day-to-day activities while forming relationships with clients that remain professional while combining the functions of a friend and counselor.9 Social work assistants are frequently certified by national agencies and/or licensed by the state(s) in which they work.9 The care that a social work assistant provides is supervised by a qualified or licensed social worker in accordance with an established plan of care for the client.10 The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that social and human service assistants, with whom social work assistants are grouped, made a median salary of $33,750 per year in 2017, and can anticipate a job growth rate of 16% between 2016 and 2026.11
*Education requirements vary by employer for this position, from a high school diploma to a certificate to a two- or four-year college degree. Proximity to a major metro area tends to correspond to higher education requirements and subsequently higher pay.
Psychology Careers with a Bachelor's Degree
Administrative Service Manager
The primary responsibilities of administrative service managers center on coordinating and directing an organization's support services to employees. These professionals can be found working in the public sector as well as the private sector, meaning that the types of services that an administrative service manager may provide vary. Common tasks include planning and distributing supplies, supervising administrative workers, and records coordination and management. Administrative service professionals working in management may have responsibility for budgeting, managing contracts, and departmental goals planning. Facilities planning and management may also fall under the purview of the administrative service manager. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that administrative service managers earned an annual median salary of $96,180 in 2017, and can expect jobs growth of 10% between 2016 and 2026.12
Community Service Manager
Community service managers organize, coordinate, and manage community-based service programs and organizations, typically while managing a staff providing social services to the public. As such, the work that community service managers do has strong ties to social work and psychology. Communities of all sizes in both rural and urban settings can benefit from the work of community service managers. Typically, these managers will work for not-for-profit organizations or government entities, although private social services companies will also hire community service managers. Community service managers are grouped with social service managers by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The growth rate for these occupations is expected to reach a rate of 18% between 2016 and 2026, which is faster than the average projected growth for all occupations.13 Social and community service managers made an annual median salary of $65,320 in 2017.13
It might be surprising to learn that psychology graduates have opportunities in computer programming, but with technology shifting to focus on user experience (UX) and user interface (UI), this career track makes sense to a growing number of students with a psychology background. Computer programmers develop and execute programs for an end user or group of end users, and also work to improve and broaden programs that have already been built. Programming professionals frequently help write step-by-step user guides for new programs and features. The critical thinking skills and understanding of user psychology that psychology majors can bring to this field are especially helpful.7 Computer programmers earned a median of $84,280 per year in 2017 but should expect a negative job growth rate through 2026 according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.14
Health educators typically work in community-based programs creating, deploying, and analyzing education programs designed to assist individuals from different populations in understanding personal health and well-being. These professionals focus on community outreach and may take on roles as instructors or facilitators to help individuals access available health and wellness programs. Health educators must be familiar with topics such as nutrition and physical fitness as well as stress management and mental health.15 In addition to knowledge of psychology, the ability to speak a second language may be helpful in this career.16 According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, health educators earned a median annual salary of $54,220 per year in 2017 and can expect jobs growth of 14% through 2026.17
Human Factors Specialist
A human factors specialist uses design to influence the behavior of people in certain situations. Human factors, also known as ergonomics or human engineering, is a scientific discipline that uses principles of psychology to design products and equipment for maximum safety, effectiveness, and satisfaction. Human factors specialists may work on the design of an airplane cabin to increase passenger satisfaction or develop a workplace ergonomics program to reduce employee injuries. An ergonomist can hold an undergraduate degree in psychology although some practitioners also have a master's or doctorate in human factors engineering or a similar degree. To learn more, see our Human Factors Psychology Degree Guide.
Human Resources Specialist
Human resources specialists are typically responsible for assisting in the recruiting process for an organization. This includes screening initial applications and applicants, interviewing, and new hire placement. Many human resources specialists also work in supplemental areas of a human resources department, such as employee relations and training. These professionals may consult with an organization on hiring needs and make recommendations to further organizational goals. Knowledge of psychology can be helpful to those working in human resources, as this qualification allows professionals to understand and communicate with employees meaningfully while improving the quality of the work environment in which they work.18 The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects job growth of 7% for human resources specialists between 2016 and 2026.19 Human resources specialists make a median salary of $60,880 per year.19
Management analysts, also known as management consultants, are professionals who make recommendations to organizations on organizational efficiency and behavior. In most cases, an organization calls upon management analysts to identify and correct organizational issues related to management structure and operations. The recommendations that a management analyst makes may include suggestions for departmental reorganization, process changes, or systems changes. Because management analysts rely on quantitative skills in statistics and analysis to perform their work efficiently, a degree in areas of psychology such as experimental, psychometric, or cognitive psychology can be especially useful for those on this career track.7 The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that management analysts will see faster than average job growth of 14% between 2016 and 2026, with the median salary for management analysts coming in at $83,610 per year.20
Market research analysts frequently work in consumer psychology, seeking to understand why consumers make the choices they do and what organizations can do to influence those choices. Market research analysts might analyze how different types of packaging or different marketing slogans or messages impact consumer behavior.7 They may also use data to determine what types of messaging are most effective in achieving the goals of the organization for which they are working.7 In many cases, market research analysts are responsible for designing effective research studies to find the answers to an employer's market questions.7 These employers may be corporations, businesses, non-profit organizations, political parties, or a variety of other entities that might benefit from a better understanding of the market. Market research analysts earned a median annual salary of $63,120 in 2017, and can expect a much faster than average job growth rate of 23% between 2016 and 2026.21
When a person or organization wants to understand how people interact with a brand, what they would like to see, and what can be done to encourage more interaction, that person or organization turns to a public relations specialist. The primary focus of a public relations specialist is creating and maintaining a positive public image for the client. This includes work such as writing and publishing press releases, arranging media appearances and responding to media inquiries, and coaching clients on public communication tactics. Due to the focus of this work, public relations specialists frequently have backgrounds in social psychology, which has been defined as "the study of how people interact with each other and the social environment."7 Job growth for public relations specialists is projected at 9% between 2016 and 2026, with the median annual salary for these professionals in 2017 reported at $60,000 by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.22
A team of sales representatives typically reports to a sales manager, who is responsible for hiring, training, and guiding the sales team in a manner that helps the team meet established sales goals. In most cases, a sales manager does little direct selling; his or her primary objectives are related to ensuring that the sales team is reaching its full potential. Sales managers with a background in psychology may be better equipped to understand workplace behavior and apply psychological knowledge to management principles and activities.23 A background in psychology can be a further benefit because an understanding of psychological research and analysis can help sales managers choose the right data on which to base their decisions.7 According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, job growth for sales managers will reach 7% between 2016 and 2026.24 As of 2017, sales managers earned a median annual salary of $124,220.24
Sales representatives are tasked with selling goods and services to a specific marketplace and can be found in all types and sizes of organizations working in both wholesale and retail operations. Sales representatives rely heavily on consumer psychology in order to understand consumer needs, prepare effective sales pitches and presentations, and successfully reach their sales goals. Knowledge of organizational behavior can also be helpful to sales representatives looking to make major sales at the enterprise level. Whether working in business-to-business or business-to-consumer sales, sales representatives use psychology skills on a daily basis.7 Sales representatives earned a median annual salary of $61,660 in 2017 according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics and should experience job growth of 5% between 2016 and 2026 according to current estimates.25
Guidance Counselor/Career Advisor
When students and young adults need advice on making a transition, they often turn to a guidance counselor or career advisor. Guidance counselors and career advisors typically work within a school's guidance or counseling departments. These professionals stay up-to-date on education and workforce developments so they can provide informed guidance to individuals making school and career choices. Guidance and career counselors also participate in career development programs, school visits, technical skills development, and other enrichment activities to help students or clients make informed choices. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that job growth for school and career counselors will reach 13% between 2016 and 2026, with the median salary for these professionals reported at $56,310 per year as of 2017.26
Human Services Professional
Human services professionals help clients respond to a variety of life pressures, including psychological, health, social, and financial challenges. These professionals work with individuals from all walks of life and backgrounds, including those who are victims of abuse, and help these clients access available aid programs and services. More specific career paths within the human services profession include social and human service assistants, who earn an average of $33,750 per year and have projected job growth of 16% through 2026; community and social service specialists, who earn an average of $44,960 per year and are expected to see similar jobs growth; and community health workers, who earn an average of $39,540 per year and have faster-than-average projected job growth, estimated at 18% through 2026.11,17
Teachers with degrees in psychology work at all levels of the US education system, from kindergarten to high school as well as in colleges and universities. These schools may be public or private, but the responsibilities of teachers in all environments are largely the same. A teacher with a psychology degree may teach psychology in a high school setting, but this degree can be helpful at all grade levels. Such a background can allow a teacher to better understand human development and communication, improving the effectiveness of their teaching in preparing students for life and lifelong learning.27 The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that kindergarten and elementary school teachers earned a median salary of $57,980 per year in 2017, with job growth expectations of 7% between 2016 and 2026.28 High school teachers earned a median annual salary of $60,320 in 2017, and are projected to experience job growth of 8% through 2026.29
Victim advocates support and promote the rights of people who have been victims or witnesses of a crime and are involved in a trial proceeding. An advocate explains to an affected person what his or her rights are while providing emotional support and acting as an intermediary between the victim or witness and the court.30 Advocates frequently work in district attorney's offices, but can also be found working for other court bodies as well as private practice law firms. Knowledge of psychology can be helpful in this career because advocates work directly with victims and witnesses who may have been subjected to traumatic experiences and need emotional support in addition to guidance in navigating court processes. Victim advocates have strong prospects for career advancement with a variety of career options in law, government, and politics.30
Psychology Careers with a Master's Degree
While most students in master's degree programs for psychology go on to pursue a PhD or PsyD (terminal degrees for psychology), some do enter the field with a master's degree. A master's degree, though it may not be required for a career in psychology, could improve opportunities for and increase the competitiveness of candidates applying for jobs in the field. A master's in psychology might increase one's chances of being hired and enhance one's effectiveness in the following areas:
Coaching and training, as in sport psychology
Human resources management, as in I/O or business psychology
Police chiefs, sheriffs, and investigators, as in criminal psychology
Product design, as in human factors and engineering psychology
Psychology Careers with a Doctorate Degree
The vast majority of students obtaining a PhD in Psychology or a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) will go on to practice as a clinical psychologist or will teach the subject at a university. Conducting independent research projects in psychology, procuring a license as a counselor, or treating patients in a clinical capacity as a psychologist requires a doctorate in the form of either a PhD or PsyD.
Psychologists have a wide range of duties, with the ultimate goal of helping their clients better understand themselves and their environments. The American Psychological Association notes that they are also scientists who follow basic scientific principles in their work. Specifically, psychologists might observe, interview, survey and/or test their clients. Some of their specific duties include:
Studying a client's behavior through scientific studies and finding patterns
Helping clients change their behavior
Diagnosing disorders (emotional, behavioral or mental)
Developing treatment plans
Prescribing medicine for psychological disorders
Developing programs for schools, companies and workplaces
Collaborating with other professionals, such as social workers or physicians
Testing theories of behavior
Gathering information through controlled laboratory experiments
In order to be successful, psychologists should also possess a number of specific qualities that will help them better perform their duties. Those include analytical and observational skills, reliability, trustworthiness, excellent communication skills, and patience. It can be difficult to remain calm when faced with clients who have behavioral or mental disorders, so a calm and patient demeanor is essential.
Work Schedules
Many psychologists can create their own work schedules, especially if they work in private practice. Some choose to offer after-hours sessions – on weekends or evenings – to accommodate the needs of their clients. Psychologists who work in nursing homes or hospitals may be required to work on evenings or weekends. Those who are employed by schools, clinics, or government agencies tend to work regular business hours.
Licensure Requirements for Psychologists
Every state, as well as the District of Columbia, requires that independently practicing psychologists be licensed. However, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, those licensing laws differ from state-to-state and by the type of job. Most psychologists who work in a clinical or counseling setting must have a doctorate in psychology as well as have completed an internship, one to two years of experience, and received a passing grade on the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology.
Specific licensure or certification is required for school psychologists. The exact requirements vary from state to state, but many accept certification from the National Association of School Psychologists as a route to licensure or certification. A supervised 1,200-hour internship and a passing grade on the School Psychologist Praxis Examination are two of the main requirements.
Specialty certification is also available through the American Board of Professional Psychology. The body recognizes 13 different types of psychology and is useful in demonstrating expertise in a specialty. Some employers require this certification.
To find out more about licensure requirements for psychologists in your state, click on your state on our How to Become a Psychologist page.
Psychologist Salary and Career Outlook
Psychologists earned a median salary of $79,010 in 2017 with the top 10% earning more than $129,250 per year.31 Employment for all psychologists is expected to grow by 14% in the decade from 2016-2026, which is faster than average.31 The growth will vary for specialty disciplines, from 14% for clinical, counseling, and school psychologists to 8% for industrial-organizational psychologists.31 Continue reading below to find out more about psychology specializations for those with a PhD or PsyD.
Among those who hold a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) or a PhD in Psychology, there are plenty of fields of specialization to choose from. As mentioned, school psychologists, clinical psychologists, and industrial-organizational psychologists are just a few of the specialties within the field. For most of the following jobs, you will need to get licensed in your state once you have obtained your doctorate in order to practice. As there are many areas of specialization in the field, those specific jobs are described below.
Child psychologists must possess exceptional communication skills since connecting with young clients can be particularly challenging. They should be empathetic and compassionate toward patients and enjoy helping the youngest members of our society. Some psychologists in this field focus more on research, necessitating the ability to remain objective and detached in their work. The BLS does not offer specific child psychologist salary information; however, the BLS reports that psychologists earned a median annual wage of $79,010 as of 2017.31 Many professionals who choose to specialize in child psychology go on to work as school psychologists. The Society of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology offers a number of resources to help its members advance their training and professional experience, as well as a psychology career center that links to job opportunities across the country. See our Child Psychology Degree Guide for more information.
Clinical psychologists focus on assessing, diagnosing, and treating mental, behavioral, and emotional issues. Their goal is to improve their clients' behavior and effectiveness while helping them adapt to their immediate environment, according to the Council of Specialities in Professional Psychology. While they may only be called upon to assist with short-term problems, they may also work long-term with clients who have severe or chronic disorders. Clinical psychologists can be employed in universities, clinics, hospitals, correctional institutions, the military, private practice, or the insurance industry. According to the American Academy of Clinical Psychology, the surge in managed care across the US has increased the demand for clinical psychologists to review and provide specialty mental health services. Some clinical psychologists may choose to specialize in certain areas of psychology, including health psychology or neuropsychology.32 Clinical psychologists earned a median wage of $76,990 as of 2017.31 Jobs growth for this specialty is expected to be faster than average, at 14% through 2026.31
Counseling Psychologist
Counseling psychologists work very closely with their patients, helping them understand the cause of their issues and take steps to solve them. This specialty of psychology is unique in that it focuses both on average developmental problems and more complex concerns, such as emotional, physical, or mental illnesses. However, counseling psychologists tend to focus more on psychologically stable patients, as opposed to those with more severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia. Counseling psychologists can work in a wide variety of settings, including government agencies, universities, health clinics, schools, or private organizations. They are typically very well trained in psychological principles and practices but often focus their work on one or a few different areas of interest, such as drug abuse or depression. Those who specialize in this profession are grouped with clinical and school psychologists by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.31 See our Counseling Psychology Degree Guide for more information.
Educational Psychologist
Educational psychologists tend to focus on the bigger educational picture. According to the American Psychology Association, they apply theory and methodology to broader issues concerning learning, teaching, and training. In many cases, they study student performance as well as cultural and socio-economic factors that have an impact on the classroom. The APA reports that educational psychologists are responsible for a great deal of the research done on learning in general. As part of their regular duties, educational psychologists might work on program development and evaluation, consult with teachers, parents, and school administrators, and implement intervention programs for students. The BLS does not list specific salary information for educational psychologists but reports that school psychologists made a median wage of $79,010 per year as of 2017.31
Forensic Psychologist
The field of forensic psychology involves the use of psychological principles and methods to assist legal professionals such as attorneys and judges. Forensic psychologists help those in the legal system understand the psychological aspects of a case and the people involved in the proceedings. In many cases, forensic psychologists are called upon to testify in court as an expert witness, but they can also be called upon to assess the testimony of eyewitnesses or jury behavior. Forensic psychologists can specialize in criminal, civil or family cases. They are not only familiar with psychological principles and practices, but also with the details of the justice system. While the average salaries for forensic psychologists can vary widely, they generally fall in line with those of traditional psychologists. See our related Forensic Psychology Degree Guide for more information.
Gerontologist
Gerontologists focus on assisting elderly patients in a wide range of settings, including senior centers, public health centers, nursing homes, and hospitals. In many cases, they work with other professionals – such as attorneys, physical or occupational therapists, dietitians or counselors – to help the needs of their clients. Applied gerontologists tend to work one-on-one with their elderly clients, as well as their families. Research gerontologists use their experience and expertise to investigate the aging process and learn how to better meet the needs of the elderly population. Gerontologists come from a wide range of backgrounds, including nursing or sociology. As the baby boomer generation ages, gerontologists are expected to be in high demand. However, the earning potential for gerontologists is not as high as for other professionals in psychology.
Health Psychologist
A health psychologist focuses on helping individuals overcome and avoid health problems, often in a medical setting such as a hospital or clinic. Health psychologists can also be employed by universities, government agencies, and corporations to research and provide solutions for health problems. They can administer behavioral tests, provide education about healthy behavior, lead group therapy sessions, or run research studies. Health psychologists may focus in a specific area of the health field such as clinical psychology, public health, community health, and occupational health. Most employment opportunities in health psychology require a doctorate-level degree in psychology. See our related Health Psychology Degree Guide.
Industrial Organizational or Business Psychologist
An industrial-organizational psychologist, I/O psychologist, or business psychologist, is a fast-growing specialty of psychology that focuses on providing solutions for workplace problems and increasing worker productivity and performance. Specific tasks can include developing employee training programs, conducting research studies of the workplace environment, studying consumer reaction to new products, and assessing individual employees to provide managers with information for placement or promotion. Almost all I/O psychologists earn a master's or doctorate degree before working in this field.31 Job growth for psychologists who work in industrial or business environments is predicted to grow at 8% through 2026.31 However, the BLS reports that I/O psychology is still a relatively small segment of the psychology job market, so this percentage equates to a relatively small number of jobs. See our related Business Psychology Degree Guide.
Because they focus on the relationship between behavior and the brain, neuropsychologists often work with clients who have suffered from a stroke, dementia, or a brain injury. However, they may also work with patients who have psychiatric, medical, or developmental issues, according to the American Board of Professional Psychology. In addition to neurological methods, neuropsychologists use psychological and physiological methods to assess their clients' emotional state and cognitive abilities. That information is often paired with assessments from other healthcare providers to diagnose a patient's disorder and implement a treatment plan. Neuropsychologists tend to earn higher salaries than psychologists in other specialties. The BLS reports that while psychologists earn about $79,000 a year, "other" psychologists, which would include neuropsychologists, earn a median of $100,770 annually.31
Psychology professors conduct research studies, publish academic papers, and teach courses at colleges and universities. They may also consult for businesses, non-profits, or government agencies. The projected job growth for postsecondary teachers from 2014-2024 of 13% is higher than the average occupation as student enrollment at colleges and universities continue to grow. The popularity of psychology as a college major means there will be demand for professors of psychology to fill teaching positions; however, many colleges are looking to replace full-time faculty with more adjunct and part-time faculty, which is expected to decrease demand for full-time professors who have their terminal degree. Overall, jobs growth for postsecondary teachers is expected at 15% through 2026.33 The median annual salary for psychology postsecondary teachers is about $78,470.33
Psychometrician
Psychometricians design exams, then score and analyze the information. The tests they design are engineered to measure a client's psychological attributes. The job requires skill in mathematics and statistics, as well as good communication skills. Psychometricians can work for testing companies, government, mental health clinics, universities, hospitals, or large corporations. While the BLS does not compile data on average salaries for psychometricians, professionals working as statisticians, which is closely related work, earned a median of $84,060 in 2017.34 Salaries are high in this field because of the specialized training psychometricians must pursue to enter the profession.
School psychologists help their clients change their behavior in an effort to improve their ability to learn. They can also apply their education and experience toward improving education issues that affect a wide range of students. They may help schools address bullying, drug abuse, and improve programs for students with special needs or disabilities. Psychologists in school settings might also work with teachers and other administrative staff to shape learning strategies for specific students or groups. They can also be called upon to counsel family members and evaluate student performance. School psychologists can find employment in a wide range of settings, including universities, public and private schools, day-treatment facilities, residential clinics, school-based health centers, juvenile justice facilities, and private practice. School psychologists earned a median annual salary of $75,090 in 2017, with jobs growth predictions calling for a 10% to 14% increase in positions through 2026.35 Demand for school psychologists will increase as school populations grow, as more school psychologists will be needed to help assess students – especially those with behavioral issues or learning disabilities. They may also be called upon to study how learning is affected by factors within the school and outside the school environment. See our related School Psychology Degree Guide for more information.
Sport psychologists work with athletes of all ages to help them meet their goals, stay motivated, and deal with sports-related fears or anxieties. The job may require travel, as some sport psychologists travel with an athlete or team. Those who enter this specialized field can also find employment in the military, which has become the largest employer of sport psychologists. The military uses sport psychologists to help soldiers face adversity and increase their resiliency. According to the American Psychological Association, sport psychologists can earn anywhere from $60,000 to $80,000 a year, with those at the top tier earning even more.36 See our related Sport Psychology Degree Guide.
If you are interested in learning more about becoming a psychologist in your state, click on one of the links below. There you will find information including facts about psychology schools, profiles of graduate programs, and a comprehensive directory of psychology degree programs in your state.
What are some careers for psychology majors?
Since psychology majors learn a broad range of skills including understanding how the human mind works, how people think, and why they act the way they do, psychology degree holders have many opportunities for employment. If they do not want to be clinical psychologists, they may choose to work in fields such as business psychology, school psychology, or sport psychology, to name a few. Read more about careers for psychology majors with an associate's degree, bachelor's degree, master's degree, or doctoral degree.
What kind of degree do I need for a career in psychology?
Psychology jobs require all different types of degree levels, from an associate's degree or bachelor's degree to a master's degree or doctoral degree. Before you decide on a degree level, you should examine your career goals and decide on the type of psychology career you want to have. Then, you should pursue the degree level needed to land that job. If you plan to practice clinical psychology, you will need a Doctor of Psychology or PhD in Psychology degree. Find out more about psychology degrees on our Degrees page.
How much does a psychologist make?
The salary for a psychologist depends on many factors, including the type of psychology practiced. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that US psychologists in the "all other" category made a median of $97,740 per year, while industrial-organizational psychologists earned $87,100 and clinical, counseling-psychology, and school psychologists made $75,090 per year.22 The pay for psychologists also includes a broad range, according to the BLS, with the top 10% of psychologists earning $124,520 or more and the bottom 10% earning less than $42,330 per year.22 Other factors that may impact psychologist salary include geographical location, years of experience, and type of practice.
American Psychological Association: Offers more information on careers in all fields in psychology
National Association of School Psychologists: Provides information on careers for school psychologists
Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Provides information about industrial-organizational psychologists
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2. National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, 2017 National Survey of College Graduates: https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/sestat/sestat.html
3. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Correctional Officers and Bailiffs: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Protective-Service/Correctional-officers.htm
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12. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Administrative Services Managers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/administrative-services-managers.htm
13. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Social and Community Service Managers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/social-and-community-service-managers.htm
14. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Computer Programmers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm
15. Nathanson, Martha Dale. Home Health Care Answer Book: Legal Issues for Providers. New York: Aspen Publishers, Inc., 1995. Print.
16. Eliason, Grafton and John Patrick, eds. Career Development in the Schools. Charlotte: Information Age Publishing, Inc., 2008.
17. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Health Educators and Community Health Workers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/health-educators.htm
18. Bernstein, Alan B. Guide to Your Career. 5th ed. New York: Princeton Review Publishing, LLC, 2003. Print.
19. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Human Resources Specialists: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/business-and-financial/human-resources-specialists.htm
20. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Management Analysts: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Business-and-Financial/Management-analysts.htm
21. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Market Research Analysts: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Business-and-Financial/Market-research-analysts.htm
22. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Public Relations Specialists: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/media-and-communication/public-relations-specialists.htm
23. McKenna, Eugene F. Business Psychology and Organisational Behaviour: A Student's Handbook. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Taylor & Francis, Inc., 2000. Print.
24. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Sales Manager: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Management/Sales-managers.htm
25. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Sales Representatives: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/sales/wholesale-and-manufacturing-sales-representatives.htm
26. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, School and Career Counselors: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Community-and-Social-Service/School-and-career-counselors.htm
27. Echaore-McDavid, Susan. Career Opportunities in Education and Related Services. 2nd ed. New York: Ferguson, 2006. Print.
28. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/kindergarten-and-elementary-school-teachers.htm
29. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, High School Teachers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/high-school-teachers.htm
30. Axelrod-Contrada, Joan. Career Opportunities in Politics, Government, and Activism. 2nd ed. New York: Ferguson, 2008. Print.
31. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Psychologists: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/psychologists.htm
32. American Academy of Clinical Psychology: https://www.aacpsy.org/
33. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, Postsecondary Teachers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/postsecondary-teachers.htm
34. O*NET OnLine, Statisticians: https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-2041.00
35. O*NET OnLine, School Psychologists: https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/19-3031.01
36. American Psychological Association, A Career in Sport and Performance Psychology: https://www.apa.org/action/science/performance/education-training


With the bad weather and high seas that we have had over the last week the fishing has taken a down turn with not many boats being able to get out of the harbour although some of our anglers have braved the conditions and still managed to pick up a feed of king fish inside the harbour fishing above the spit bridge and around the sheltered bays on the way to Roseville bridge.
For the land based anglers there are still a lot of good bream and flathead being taken around little Manly point from the wharf area and towards Collins flats for those anglers that have braved the cold and wet conditions.
For those anglers that have fished the high tides on the beach there is still a few fish to be taken as the sea churns up the sand and releases pippis and worms to the waiting fish that are on patrol.
For a lot of our fishos it has been a frustrating time as we wait for a change in the weather conditions but is a good time to check out the equipment and make sure all is well for their next trip out.
Pre rigging some gear can save a lot of time when the bite comes on as this can last for a very short time.
A lot of fishos come in with a common problem that their line is breaking either on a fish or while casting and it is sometimes as easy as checking their guides on the rod as a very small crack on one of the guides could fray a line to the point of snapping.
For those fishos that want to get out and have a go there is plenty of squid in the sheltered areas in and around the spit bridge.
Armed with a handful of small squid jigs and a light rod it is a good way to pick up a feed or catch one of the best live or dead baits you can use to pick most of our species that are available.


Visit us Tuesdays - Sundays, 12 - 6 pm. Free Admission. Exhibits continue through March 16, 2019.
Mixed-media photography work by Jorge Ariel Escobar will be exhibited in the Jane Sandelin Gallery.
"Jorge Ariel Escobar (b. 1994) is a photomedia and interdisciplinary artist currently based in Richmond, VA. He holds a BFA in studio art with a photography emphasis from James Madison University. As an undergraduate student, he received a CVPA Research Grant and participated in a photography studio in Prague. His work explores the internal dialogues that we have with ourselves, which includes our emotions, thoughts, and memories. As an interdisciplinary artist, Escobar works with analog photography, 19th-century alternative processes, fibers, and printmaking. His use of photographic imagery is a means to visualize his own thoughts or visions that run through his mind and allow him to better understand himself and the human condition.
Tom Campbell displays his new series of abstract paintings. His exhibit will be in the Centre Gallery, East.
"Exploring form and movement in painting is best accomplished using only the basics: black and white. Embedding these forms in a sea of color constrains and enhances the movement to complete the picture."
"Everything I do and make is a self-portrait. My gestures, handwriting, photography, and paintings are all glimpses into who I am as a woman. Some things can be more revealing than others. The series of portraits on display at Art Works called Mirror Mirror digs deep by way of freer brushstrokes and textures on canvas. It is a beautiful, yet temperamental, chapter of my ever-evolving body of work."
This annual group show will represent MRAA members. This exhibit will be in the Corner Gallery.
Jose displays colorful surrealist paintings in this solo exhibit. This exhibit will be in the Skylight Gallery.
"I paint with my heart and I make in the canvas the color of my soul. I'm a Salvadorian artists living at Richmond, My goal is paint surrealism with my own style based in scenes from life."
Each month Art Works offers artists from all over an opportunity to participate in a juried art show. Mike Guyer will jury this exhibit. Submissions are accepted from any artist in any medium on Feb 15 - 16th at Art Works, 12-6 PM. Any size and any media are acceptable.
Click here for details on entering your work.


MEETINGS are being held by stevia producers and investors looking to build a factory for this natural sweetener at Velez-Malaga's Parque Teconoalimentario.
The producers, mostly based in the Axarquia area but also in other regions of Andalucia, met up with investors and spokespeople from different financial institutions to analyse the viability of creating a stevia factory in the facilities.
Head of the regional association representing the industry, Leovigildo Martin, said the meetings had been fruitful, with a strong interest in the project amongst potential sponsors, who already own several other properties across the world.
He explained that stevia was a natural alternative to sugar, and its consumption was increasing around the world.
The group claims that around 5,000 direct and indirect job positions would be created thanks to the project.


Welcome to the Visit Hendricks County media page! Visit Hendricks County is here to serve all media outlets in a variety of ways. Think of us as your personalized resource for press releases, news, media packets, media tours and so much more. No inquiry is too big or small, from a simple fact check to helping you plan a Media FAM (familiarization) trip.
We understand that each media outlet has its own needs. So, feel free to peruse our media room at your leisure. If you can't find what you're looking for, please contact us. We would be happy to assist you in learning more or even planning a visit to Hendricks County.


UFW Stories: "Little Steps go a Long Way"
"Little Steps go a Long Way"
As a young boy, I remember getting into the buses with my parents. All of us had to get up so early to pick berries in south San Jose or to Salinas to work in the lettuce fields.
As a young man going to college at Santa Clara University, I remember listening to the messages of our Farmworker plight by Dolores Huerta, Teatro Campesino, and Cesar Chavez and learned so much form the actions of these humble leaders. There, I joined the picket line in support of the grape boycott. My brother and I would organize fundraiser dances to support the local UFW office in San Jose.
As a young medical student, I remember coordinating an invitation to bring the Teatro Campesino to our campus and hospital at UCSF in San Francisco.
As I got older, my family and I were always trying to support UFW. Eventually I worked for several years in clinics located in Salinas, Soledad and King City providing primary health services and addressing the health needs of many farmworkers and their families.
Now and for the past twenty years, I have lived in Texas along the Texas-Mexico border involved in clinical teaching of medical students and young physicians. We still see many farmworkers pass thru our doors, sharing memories and past experiences. Looking back, I realize how all of the little steps have brought us a long way and still there is more to come.


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Love is supposed to be unchanging, untainted, and absolute. It's overwhelming attraction and unwavering commitment. When love is mutual, both sides work to sustain and grow it. Enthusiasts love BMW.
Love betrayed? That gets nasty.
The new 2017 540i is the latest evidence that BMW may be just not that into you anymore. It's squishy where previous 5s were taut, and it trades eagerness for comfort. Of course, it's a spectacularly capable car built with the solidity of the door to Wittenberg's All Saints' Church, on which Martin Luther posted his 95 theses that launched the Reformation in 1517. But, 500 years later, the 540i is nowhere near that communicative.
Tested here is the rear-drive version of the 540i powered by the turbo 3.0-liter inline-six rated at 335 horsepower; we previously tested this engine with xDrive all-wheel drive. Sitting a notch below is the 530i powered by a turbocharged 2.0-liter four rated at 248 horsepower. And one rung above is the M550i that has a twin-turbo 4.4-liter V-8 humming with 456 horsepower under its hood.
Called the G30 within BMW, this seventh-generation 5er (the series dates to the 1973 E12 model) derives from the same component set as the current 7-series. And that makes this car a big keg of Bavarian doppelbock. The 117.1-inch wheelbase is up only 0.2 inch from the superseded F10 generation, and at 194.6 inches overall, length has grown a mere 1.5 inches. But the F10 was no dainty car. This happens to be the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the landmark E39-generation 5-series that many argue was the peak for the species, and this new 5 is a whole lot bigger than the E39.
The G30 stretches 6.6 inches longer than the E39 with 5.7 inches more metal between the axles. More significantly, this new 540i weighs 4071 pounds where the 2001 540i (equipped with a naturally aspirated 4.4-liter V-8 and a five-speed automatic transmission) weighed 147 pounds less. In fairness, though, all cars have grown heavier in that time period, and this new 540i is actually a bit lighter than its immediate predecessor. C/D's long-term 2011 BMW 535i (an early F10-platform car with a turbo 3.0-liter six and a six-speed manual) hit the scales at 4075 pounds. Four pounds may not be much less, but it's not more. And this 2017 540i carried an exceptionally high level of options, while the long-term car had only a few.
That'd be $25,165 worth of add-ons atop the $57,445 base price. That includes a mostly decorative $2600 M Sport package; the Driving Assistance and Driving Assistance Plus packages that together run $3200 and add a number of cameras, sensors, and active safety features; and a $3500 Dynamic Handling package that incorporates adaptive dampers and anti-roll bars as well as an Adaptive Drive system that coordinates the interaction between those two technologies. Are we wrong to think that an Ultimate Driving Machine should include something called Dynamic Handling as standard equipment?
German luxury manufacturers have never been shy about option pricing, so this is no great surprise. Still, it takes some brass to charge $4200 for a Bowers & Wilkins sound system and then demand another $300 if the customer also wants Apple CarPlay compatibility.
Fortunately, this $82,610 car has an interior that befits its lofty station. The $1600 Luxury Seating package includes a set of seats that adjust in far more ways than anyone's body can and are upholstered in spectacularly supple nappa leather with diamond tufting that looks like a blanket of engagement rings. The M Sport steering-wheel rim may be a few millimeters too thick, the shifter wand is a few degrees beyond inscrutable, and the iDrive control system's menus still stretch a few layers too deep, but the overall design is among BMW's best and the quality of construction is right up there alongside corporate brother Rolls-Royce.
The long wheelbase pays off in good rear legroom and abets a more stable ride. In a class that includes cars such as the Jaguar XF, the Audi A6, and the Mercedes-Benz E-class, the BMW feels the roomiest. It's not quite the stretch-out indulgence of larger luxury machines, but it's comfy in the back seat. And that makes sense because so much of BMW's future is bet on the Chinese market, where those with the means prefer being driven instead of driving.
It's that driving part that is most frustrating about the 540i. All the mega-gigatrons of technology aboard insulate the driver from the experience. Only fleeting hints of mechanical joy make their way to the human who, it seems, is only nominally in charge. The test car contacts the pavement through a set of staggered Goodyear Eagle F1 Asymmetric 3 tires, size 245/40R-19 in front and 275/35R-19 in back, but the car might as well be floating on a magnetic field. Charge into and then brake for a corner and the car doesn't take the flat four-wheel set expected of BMWs. Instead it feels, well, sort of ordinary, with no report through the wheel or seat about what's going on down at the tires. It's great for a luxury barge, not that swell for a car with the epic sporting reputation of the 5-series. Take the time to make sure all the tech nannies are switched to their most irresponsible settings and it gets a little more engaging, but the electrically assisted steering remains Novocain numb.
There is, at least, some thrust aboard. The turbo is tuned to boost the straight-six so that it achieves its peak 332 lb-ft of torque at an utterly silly 1380 rpm, barely off idle. It's tough to parallel park this thing without reaching the peak torque rpm. That meshes well with the talents of the eight-speed automatic transmission. In relaxed driving situations, the transmission will trot, almost unnoticed, to the highest possible gear to keep revs down and fuel economy up. Drive as if you mean it, and the bottom six gears (none of which is an overdrive ratio, sixth being 1.00:1) dance as if Twyla Tharp and the ghost of Bernd Rosemeyer had conspired to set the tuning.
At the track, the 540i reached 60 mph in a commendable 4.7 seconds with the ample torque compensating for the modest 335-hp rating, and it scooted through the quarter-mile in 13.2 seconds at 109 mph. The all-wheel-drive version tested earlier did those deeds in 4.5 seconds and 13.1 ticks at 108 mph. It's expected that the AWD version gets off the line a little better, with the rear-driver closing the gap at higher speeds. Hitting 120 mph in 16.3 seconds, the 540i is 0.1 second ahead of its all-wheel-drive sibling.
It's also acceleration that compares well with the greatest of all the E39s, the M5. Back in 2000, an E39 M5 powered by a 400-hp 5.0-liter V-8 lashed to a six-speed manual transmission zipped to 60 mph in 4.8 seconds and ran the quarter-mile in 13.3 seconds at 108 mph during a comparison test that it won. This new 540i's turbo six is an overachiever. And despite the beating it received in our hands, the 540i averaged 22 mpg.
Stopping from 70 mph in 168 feet is pretty good, but it's 12 feet longer than that old M5. Likewise, the 0.87 g skidpad orbit doesn't quite match the old E39 M car's 0.90 g. Sure, this new one isn't an M car, but it's 17 years later and the archrival 2017 Mercedes E300 4MATIC can stop in 154 feet and corner at 0.90 g. Worst of all, this 540i may be quicker and more fuel efficient, but it is nowhere near as much fun as the old car. Not even close.
Back in 1997, the entire BMW range in America consisted of variations on the 3-, 5-, 7-, and 8-series, plus the Z3 roadster. That's five lines. But with the introduction of the X5 in 2000, BMW began an incredible expansion of its product portfolio. Today, there are six car lines (not including the Z4 that's fading out of dealerships now), five SUVs (with more on the way), and the electric i3 (range extender optional) and hybrid i8. That's 13 product lines not counting hybrid variations, M versions, and whatever knickknacks they're selling in the dealership accessory shop. In places like prosperous Thousand Oaks, California, BMWs are more mainstream than Chevys or Fords, so the Rusnak BMW dealership resides in a block-long building. If the Ultimate Driving Machine still resides in that block, the new 540i isn't it.
Love may be unchanging, but the world changes around it. There's no arguing with BMW's massive success as a business, but it's straining the enthusiasts' ability to love it unconditionally. That matters to us, even if it doesn't matter to BMW.


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10 Simple Habits That Make Afternoons as Productive as Mornings
Millionaire entrepreneurs share how they avoid the daily afternoon slump.
By Michael Simmons@michaeldsimmons
Our society is collectively obsessed with morning routines.
What is just as important, but often neglected, is how we manage what happens in the middle of the day.
When we wake up, our minds are clear, our bodies are rested. High willpower gives us the energy to take on the day.
The problem is that no matter how much energy we start with, it can only sustain us for so long. Without good midday habits, we fall prey to distraction (hello Facebook!), impulsivity, irritability, and fatigue. Or even worse, we crash and make bad decisions we regret. According to renowned willpower researcher Roy Baumeister, "Most things go bad in the evening. Diets are broken at the evening snack, not at breakfast... Impulsive crimes are mostly committed after midnight."
To help you nail your afternoon routine, here is some practical and science-backed advice from successful entrepreneurs who have built multimillion-dollar companies.
1. Move around and take a fidgeting break.
When most people think about health and energy, they primarily focus on exercise. While exercise is incredibly important, our non-exercise activities (known as NEAT in the academic world) actually take up more time and burn more energy throughout the day.
Changes to these NEAT activities are easier to make since they require less willpower; yet they are still incredibly impactful.
"We also found that when sitting for prolonged periods of time, any movement is good movement, and was also associated with better fitness," says Dr. Jacquelyn Kulinski, who has studied the link between health and physical activity. "So if you are stuck at your desk for a while, shift positions frequently, get up and stretch in the middle of a thought, pace while on a phone call, or even fidget."
Lindsay Gaskins, CEO of Marbles: The Brain Store, is a big fan of fidgeting with a desk toy. She takes multiple fidget breaks every day to reduce stress and help her think more clearly.
"Anything I can press, bend, or manipulate makes my hands and brain happy," Gaskins says. She recommends desk toys like wooden puzzles, Ball of Whacks, or Flingons (a flingable, flexible magnetic fidget set).
Katherine Isbister, research director of NYU's Game Innovation Lab, affirms the importance of desk toys in reducing stress. Isbister says that being able to squish something really hard, or knock it on the table "is a great way to overcome negative emotions such as stress or boredom." Isbister and her team are currently studying how workers use desktop toys to increase mental clarity.
2. Never eat alone.
According to one research-backed book on the impact of face-to-face relationships, The Village Effect, spending time directly with other people and having active social lives can increase our likelihood of surviving cancer by 66 percent. As noted in The Village Effect, and also discussed by National Geographic researcher Dan Buettner and his team, the right social circle is an essential part of why centenarians live past 100 years old.
Elizabeth Zaborowska, founder and CEO of Bhava Communications (revenue: $5 Million ), organizes an amazing 15-plus informal meals per week (750 meals per year) with her employees, clients, venture capitalists, industry colleagues, and more. She invites one or two people to join her for lunch and dinner, and occasionally sets up breakfasts and weekend brunches.
Having a meal together connects people in ways that simply working together can't. A meal creates an informal space where friendships can be formed, and sets the foundation for a deeper working relationship. In one study, employees at a tech company who rated other employees as being "especially good friends" had higher performance ratings from their bosses than those who had fewer numbers of such friendships.
Many well-known entrepreneurs use mealtime as one of the main ways they build relationships. During summers, Martha Stewart regularly entertains guests for dinner at her East Hampton estate. And Keith Ferrazzi proclaimed the power of meals, particularly dinner parties, in his bestselling book Never Eat Alone.
"Today I can safely say my strongest links have been forged at the table," Ferrazzi says."The companionable effects of breaking bread -- not to mention drinking a few glasses of wine -- bring people together."
3. Set your timer for five minutes in order to break up that big, hard task you've been procrastinating on.
According to Stanford researcher BJ Fogg, the best way to change your behavior is to make the desired change easier. And the simplest way to make something easier is to reduce the amount of time it takes. For example, exercise is much less intimidating when you commit to it for one minute instead of one hour.
The same principle holds true in work. Whenever Brian Scudamore, founder and CEO of 1-800-GOT-JUNK?, You Move Me, and Wow 1 Day Painting, feels overwhelmed by a big goal or feels low energy, he sets his iPhone timer for five minutes and commits to focusing for that period of time on the task at hand. "What ends up happening is I build up momentum and want to keep going after the timer goes off," Scudamore says.
While setting big, hairy, audacious goals is really good for long-term thinking, it is paralyzing when you're at a low point in your day. Focusing on an easy, small step is powerful because it:
4. Take a "pocket vacation" in nature.
It turns out that exposure to all that's green and grows is good for your immune system. Not getting out in natural surroundings can lead to an increase of allergies, asthma, and other illnesses. It even has a name; "Nature Deficit Disorder."
Kay Koplovitz, founder of USA Network and Syfy takes a daily walk in New York City's Central Park for 15 minutes, calling her routine her "pocket vacation." Research indicates that a mere five minutes of walking in nature can produce an immense, immediate benefit of reducing stress, notably on our levels of cortisol, a stress hormone. An even more important effect is that nature restores your ability to focus with a phenomenon called Attention Restoration Theory.
If you don't have time to take a quick walk, spend 40 seconds looking through a window with greenery outside. That short amount of time is enough to restore your attention span, leading to far fewer errors in your work.
5. Take micro naps like these iconic entrepreneurs, presidents, and artists.
Famous individuals throughout history have sworn by the power of naps; everyone from presidents (Ronald Reagan, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Bill Clinton) to artists (Salvador Dali, Leonardo Da Vinci) to entrepreneurs (Thomas Edison, John D. Rockefeller) have enjoyed midday naps. And it's no wonder why. According to one study, a 10 minute power nap can reduce fatigue and increase cognitive performance up to two hours. Salvador Dali had a particularly unique approach to naps he called "slumber with a key" that he felt increased his creativity. Essentially, he sat in a chair with a key in his hand. If he fell asleep, the key would drop and he'd immediately wake him up. This approach allow him to stay in a state of deep relaxation while also getting conscious access to his unconscious mind.
Sevetri Wilson, CEO of Solid Ground Innovations, has adopted a schedule where she works in the early morning hours, when other people are sleeping, and takes naps in the early evening, when other people are relaxing.
"This schedule allows me to get a lot more done without being distracted by text messages or TV and while remaining high-energy," Wilson says.
Larger companies like Google have started embracing the the proven benefits of the power of nap. For example, Arianna Huffington, founder of the Huffington Post, and Brian Halligan, CEO of publicly traded Hubspot, have each created employee nap rooms.
6. Play a musical instrument.
According to neuroscientist, Anita Collins, playing music is the cognitive equivalent of "a full-body workout," and it "engages practically every area of the brain at once."
More significant, music playing has been highlighted as a powerful long-term strategy to improve brain plasticity, as well as overall brain functioning.
Joe Apfelbaum, CEO of digital marketing agency, Ajax Union, takes this research to heart, and he's baked it into the culture of his company. "For me to keep my high energy going throughout the day, I need to do things differently," Apfelbaum says. "When brainstorming I sometimes play guitar or other musical instruments that are in my office at all times."
Among the most famous of all amateur music players is Albert Einstein, an avid and competent violinist. Einstein often gushed about his love for his hobby, saying "I live my daydreams in music. I see my life in terms of music... I get the most joy in life out of music."
Picking up a musical instrument is not as intimidating as it sounds: Josh Kaufman offers tips on his website for how he learned to play simple chord progressions on a ukulele in less than 20 hours.
7. Shower with your eyes closed.
Artist Paul Gogan once declared, "I shut my eyes in order to see."
Recent research on how creative insights happen shows that he might have been on to something. In the book, Eureka Factor, researcher John Kounios shares the importance of inner-directed attention:
"We found that just before viewing a problem that participants would eventually solve with insight, they disengaged from their surroundings and directed their attention inwardly on their own thoughts."
As soon as he gets back from work at the end of the day, Jason Duff, founder and CEO of COMSTOR Outdoor, takes his second shower of the day. It's 20 minutes long, and he closes his eyes and lets his mind wander.
Research shows that having your eyes closed increases alpha waves, which is closely associated with relaxation and helps new ideas go from your subconscious mind to your conscious mind.
If you want to add a second shower to your daily routine, but also want to conserve water, consider purchasing a water-efficient showerhead.
8. Create an easy list for the end of the day.
Many articles and books have been written about the beginning of the workday. The predominant principle is to focus on hard, important tasks and decisions that will push your business forward.
"If you save the same activities for the afternoon, you will likely procrastinate, be inefficient, and have lower quality," says Emerson Spartz, founder and CEO of Spartz Inc., a digital media company that owns a network of sites (like Dose.com and OMG Facts) that collectively reach 45 million visitors per month. Instead, Spartz leaves mindless tasks and easy decisions (i.e., emails that need quick responses, social media, and simple tasks) for his final hours of work.
"I'll check email periodically throughout the day to respond to anything urgent," Spartz said. "But I reserve the last hour just for emailing, which is easier for my mind and more likely to distract me."
9. Exercise with a gym trainer or gym buddy.
Evan Williams, founder of Blogger, Twitter, and Medium, works out in the middle of the day, contradicting the typical advice to workout first thing in the morning:
"My focus is usually great first thing in the morning. So going to the gym first is a trade off of very productive time in the office. Instead, I've started going mid-morning or late afternoon (especially on days I work late). It feels weird (at first) to leave the office in the middle of the day, but total time spent is nearly the same, with higher energy and focus across the board."
Cameron Herold, author of Double Double and a CEO coach to high-growth businesses, also exercises in the middle of the day. He uses a trainer to force himself to follow through.
"I need more help stopping work than I do getting it into it," Herold says. "If I can force myself to stop my day for a workout, I can sustain quality output much longer. Having a trainer forces me to show up."
A review of 29 academic studies found that exercise dramatically increases attention, processing speed, and executive function.
10. Save your easy meetings for the afternoon.
Meetings have built-in accountability, and thus limited procrastination. That makes them perfect to hold your attention during the afternoon when your mind is more likely to wander.
Benji Rabhan, founder & CEO of Apollo Scheduling, uses his AppointmentCore software to open his afternoons to meetings with clients, customers, and team members. Instead of using his precious morning time for meetings, he uses the late afternoon for simple meetings such as answering questions, status checks, or conveying information.
Rabhan still has big meetings that require difficult decisions in the morning, as several studies show that we make worse decisions throughout the day as a result of decision fatigue.
Not convinced? Meeting in the afternoon has another benefit. According to a study of best times to schedule meetings, 3:00 p.m. has the highest acceptance rate!
Special thanks to Rachel Zohn, Sheena Lindahl and Ian Chew who volunteered their time to edit this article and do research.
Disclosure: Some of the contributors featured in this article are members of Seminal, a selective council that distills research-backed, actionable insights from world-class entrepreneurs and leaders.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is an open adoption available?
← What if I'm pregnant and under the age of 18?
Yes. You can decide what features you're looking for in the adoptive parents, and we'll provide information about families with similar qualities. If everyone agrees, you can speak with the adoptive parents by phone or meet them in person before making a final decision. You may also have free, open and unstructured communication with the adoptive parents both during your pregnancy and following placement—again, if everyone agrees.
If you choose a "semi-open" adoption, you'll be able to select, meet and exchange non-identifying information with adoptive parents before birth, but contact between you and the adoptive family will be limited after the child is placed.


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Q: How to get load address of .ko module before it is inserted? Need memory address where the kernel module (*.ko) will be loaded, so I can break-into the system when the address is accessed.
Seems plenty of posts suggesting how to get it after the fact, from /proc/modules for example. This is great, but this is after the fact.
Even loading, unloading the module during runtime does not guarantee it will be loaded always at the same address.
If there way to fix it ?  I hoped insmod has an address parameter, but seems I was wrong.

A: I'm closing my own question with answer.
Best comment or answer is by @Tsyvarev above in the comments. The comment - see register_module_notifier - tell you how one would get the address at runtime with-in your own code say.  ( I haven't used it as I don't need it).
For my case I needed it for debugging with external hardware monitor, and I can equally set the debugger to interrupt the system on the module_alloc when I need. (And I control when the specific module is loaded anyway.)
Thus, all-in-all - 2 ways above - here it is explained how you may get the address before module is "loaded".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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First 'smart' wine bottle unveiled
Thinfilm and G World is to unveil the first 'smart' wine bottle powered by printed electronics.
Global electronics and smart systems developer Thin Film Electronics (Thinfilm), based in Oslo, Norway has announced a partnership with the G World Group, a global authentication company specialising in transparency and accountability solutions. The partnership will unveil the industry's first "smart wine bottle" built using printed electronics technology this week at GSMA's Mobile World Congress (MWC) Shanghai 2015.
This 'smart' wine bottle' will feature Thinfilm's patent-pending NFC OpenSense tags and G World's globally patented Samscan process, providing a compelling choice to global consumers for the purchase of authentic produce and consumables while delivering significant anti-counterfeit protocols for industry. The G World system will also deliver on the new Free Trade Agreement initiatives between Australia and China, facilitating trade between the two countries by providing a transparent and accountable system for producers, governments and consumers.
Following MWC, G World and Thinfilm will execute a live field trial in collaboration with Ferngrove Wine Group, a Chinese-owned, Western Australia premium wine company. Ferngrove is a major supplier of five-star red wine to the APAC region and exports more than 600,000 bottles annually to China alone. With more than 50 designated retail outlets throughout China, Ferngrove provides a direct line of sight from the vineyard to the Chinese consumer.
G World has placed a seven-figure unit order for NFC OpenSense tags as part of the agreement with Thinfilm and in conjunction with the planned Ferngrove field trial.
Counterfeit wine, particularly in Asia, is pervasive. Recent reports claim that 50-70% of all wine sold in China could be fake, with the percentage climbing even higher for premium brands. To better protect winemakers and wine consumers, the G World anti-counterfeiting solution – powered by Thinfilm's unique NFC technology – will facilitate authentication of individual bottles throughout the supply chain, ensuring they are packaged, shipped, stocked and purchased in their original factory-sealed state.
"The G World system is designed to enhance trade and productivity for industry," said G World MD Grant Shaw. "One of the significant outcomes is an anti-counterfeit framework that provides transparency and accountability at all stages of the supply chain. We're excited to leverage Thinfilm's technology and believe this solution will be of real value to brand producers as well as consumers that demand authentic products."
NFC OpenSense tags are thin, flexible tags that can detect a product's sealed and open states and wirelessly communicate contextual content with the tap of an NFC-enabled smartphone or device. The tags contain unique identifiers that make it possible for companies to authenticate and track products to the individual-item level using powerful software and analytics tools. In addition, the tags remain active even after a product's factory seal has been broken – empowering brands to extend the dialogue and strengthen relationships with consumers. NFC OpenSense is the only publicly demonstrated technology that combines smartphone readability, unique identification, and a definitive electronic reading of a product's sealed or open state.
"Winemakers and retailers are in need of a cost-effective and scalable means to track and confirm the authenticity of individual wine bottles across the supply chain. This gap in the current solution set gives counterfeiters an upper hand," says Thinfilm chief commercial officer Kai Leppänen. "At Mobile World Congress Shanghai, we're excited to show the industry how smart technology can provide an authentic solution and fulfill this consumer need."
Leppänen will speak at MWC Shanghai's IoT Summit on Innovative Technology in IoT Evolvement on
Friday, July 17th from 10:00 – 11:00 a.m. in the Kerry Hotel, Pudong. MWC Shanghai attendees can also see a demo of the Ferngrove smart wine bottle, along with Thinfilm's NFC OpenSense tags and temperature-sensing Smart Labels, at the Thinfilm booth in GSMA's Connected Life Innovation City, Hall W4 of the Shanghai New International Expo Center (SNIEC).
"As one of Western Australia's preeminent wineries and a major exporter to China, Ferngrove is dedicated to ensuring the authenticity and quality of our premium wines for our loyal consumers," says Anthony Wilkes, Ferngrove's CEO. "We're excited to collaborate with G World and Thinfilm and look forward to implementing this unique solution over the coming months."
About Thin Film Electronics ASA
Thinfilm is a leader in the development of printed electronics. The first to commercialize printed, rewritable memory, the company is creating printed systems that include memory, sensing, display, and wireless communication, all at a low cost unmatched by any other electronic technology. Thinfilm's roadmap integrates technology from a strong and growing ecosystem of partners to enable the Internet of Everything by bringing intelligence to disposable goods.
Thin Film Electronics ASA (Thinfilm) is a publicly listed Norwegian company with headquarters in Oslo, Norway; product development and production in Linköping, Sweden; product development, production, and business development in San Jose, California, US; and sales offices in the US, Japan, and Singapore. www.thinfilm.no
About G World Group
G World Group is a technology company specializing in transparency and accountability protocols for global authentic solutions. Using its globally patented Samscan process, G World is creating commercial innovations for authentication by building specific partnerships within industries. G World is partnering Thinfilm to provide printable NFC technology within the G World application for the wine industry. www.gworldgroup.com
About Ferngrove Wines
Ferngrove Wines produce wines from the Frankland River area in the south west of Australia. Ferngrove is a premium exporter of wine to China and other countries and is providing transparent access to G World and Thinfilm to conduct its field trial. Ferngrove is owned by the Chinese food group Pegasus, a firm with active investments in the agricultural and wine industries in Australia. Ferngrove prides itself on the quality of its produce and believes a new system of product authenticity is required to reward quality producers and eliminate counterfeiters of wine. www.ferngrove.com.au
13 July 2015 - Felicity Murray The Drinks Report, editor
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SPECIAL REPORT: Global glass bottle markets
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Newbold College of Higher Education
About Newbold
Admissions and Fees
Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Biblical and Pastoral Studies
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Email: info@newbold.ac.uk
Isabel Moraes
Contract Lecturer in Science
BEng MSc PhD
I have been teaching (part-time) science modules at Newbold College for over 20 years.
In addition to my scientific career, teaching is an activity that I really enjoy. Not only because it gives me the opportunity of sharing my knowledge with the students but also gives me the opportunity to motivate and stimulate them.
Office hours: Appointments available by arrangement
Email: imoraes@newbold.ac.uk
Classes I've taught
Calculus with Applications
Maths and Physics
My research is focused on the development of structural biology capabilities using X-ray crystallography, X-ray Free Electron Lasers, Cryo-Electron Microscopy and other biophysical approaches to establish a comprehensive measurement system that will provide metrological foundations for structure-function relationships of macrobiomolecules (proteins and nucleic acids). This will enable exploitation of properties and functionalities in a variety of biomedical contexts including drug attrition, antimicrobial discovery, synthetic biology and cellular therapies.
J. F.B. Juarez et al. & Moraes, I. Internal water networks underpin receptor sensitisation: high-resolution structures of dark- and light-adapted H+ transporter. 2020
T. O. Kwan, Reis, R., & Moraes, I. In Situ Measurements of Polypeptide Samples by Dynamic Light ScatteringDynamic light scattering (DLS): Membrane Proteins, a Case Study. 2020. Peptide Nanomaterials: Methods and Protocols, Springer
A. Butryn, H. Raza, H. Rada, I. Moraes, R. J. Owens, and A. M. Orville. Molecular basis for GTP recognition by light‐activated guanylate cyclase RhGC. The FEBS Journal 2019.
A. Ishchenko, B. Stauch, G. Won Han, A. Batyuk, A. Shiriaeva, C. Li, N. Zatsepin, U. Weierstall, W. Liu, E. Nango, T. Nakane, R. Tanaka, K. Tono, Y. Joti, S. Iwata, I. Moraes, C. Gatil and V. Cherezov. Toward G protein-coupled receptor structure-based drug design using X-ray lasers. IUCrJ, 2019 6(6).
T.O. Kwan, Reis, R., Siligardi, G., Hussain, R., Cheruvara, H., & Moraes, I. Selection of Biophysical Methods for Characterisation of Membrane Proteins. International journal of molecular sciences 2019, 20:2605.
R. Reis & I. Moraes, Structural biology and structure–function relationships of membrane proteins. Biochemical Society Transactions 2019, 47:47-61.
R. S.K. Nagampalli, J.E.N. Quesñay, Z. Islam, James Birch, H.G. Sebinelli, C.F.R. Ascenção, D. Adamoski, A.M.Fala, B.A. Pauletti, S.R. Consonni, A.C.T. Silva, J. F. Oliveira, K.G. Franchini, A.F. P. Leme, P. Ciancaglini, I. Moraes, S.M.G. Dias & A.L.B. Ambrosio. Human mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 is a homodimeric autonomous transporter in vitro. Scientific Reports 2018, 8:3510.
J. Birch, D. Axford, J. Foadi, A. Meyere, A. Eckardte, Y. Thielmannf, I. Moraes. The fine art of membrane protein crystallization. METHODS 2018, 147:150-162.
A. Mylona, S. Carr, S., P. Aller, I. Moraes, R. Treisman, G. Evans, & J. Foadi. A Novel Approach to Data Collection for Difficult Structures: Data Management for Large Numbers of Crystals with the BLEND Software. Crystals 2017,7:242.
A. Anandhi, G.L. Evans, K. Condic-Jurkic, M.L. O'Mara, C.M. John, N. J. Phillips, G.A. Jarvis, S. S. Wills, K. A. Stubbs, I. Moraes, C.M. Kahler and A. Vrielink. Structure of a lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase suggests how conformational changes govern substrate binding. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2017, 114: 2218-2223.
I. Moraes (ed.); The Next Generation in Membrane Protein Structure Determination; Springer; Volume 922 of the series Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology – 2016
J. Sanchez-Weatherby and I. Moraes; Crystal Dehydration in Membrane Protein Crystallography; The Next Generation in Membrane Protein Structure Determination. Springer; Volume 922 of the series Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2016, pp73-89.
A. Heifetz, G.F.X. Schertler, R. Seifert, C.G. Tate, P.M. Sexton, V.V. Gurevich, D. Fourmy, V. Cherezov, F. H. Marshall, R.I. Storer, I. Moraes, I.G. Tikhonova, C.S. Tautermann, P. Hunt, T. Ceska, S. Hodgson, M.J. Bodkin, S. Singh, R.J. Law and P. C. Biggin. GPCR Structure, Function, Drug Discovery and Crystallography: Report from Academia-Industry International Conference (UK Royal Society) Chicheley Hall, 1-2 September 2014. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 2015, 388:8
P. Nogly, D. James, D. Wang, T. White, N. Zatsepin, A. Shilova, G. Nelson, H. Liu, L. Johansson, M. Heymann, K. Jäger, M. Metz, W. Wu, P. Baath, P.Berntsen, , D. Oberthuer, V. Panneels, V. Cherezov, H. Chapman, R. Neutze, J. Spence, G. Schertler, M. Burghammer,, I. Moraes, J. Standfuss, U. Weierstall, Lipidic cubic phase serial millisecond crystallography using synchrotron radiation. IUCrJ 2015, 2:168-176.
P. Nogly, I. Gushchin, A. Remeeva, A.M. Esteves, A. Ishchenko, P. Ma, S. Grudinin, N. Borges, E Round, I. Moraes, V. Borshchevskiy, H. Santos, V. Gordeliy & M. Archer. X-ray structure of a membrane protein from the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase family. Nature Communications 2014, 5:4169
L.E. Bird, H. Rada, A. Verma, R. Gasper, J. Birch, M. Jennions, J. Lӧwe, I. Moraes and R.J. Owens. Green Fluorescent Protein-based Expression Screening of Membrane Proteins in Escherichia coli. J.Vis. Exp 2014, 67:e52357
A. Sverzhinsky, S. Qian, L. Yang, M. Allaire, I. Moraes, D. Ma, J. W. Chung, M. Zoonens, J-L. Popot and J. W. Coulton. Amphipol-trapped ExbB−ExbD Membrane Protein Complex from Escherichia coli: a Biochemical and Structural Case Study. Journal of Membrane Biology 2014, 1-14.
I. Moraes & Margarida Archer, Successful Membrane Protein Crystallization, Structural Proteomics – Methods in Molecular Biology 2nd edition, Editor: Ray Owens, Springer 2014
I. Moraes, G. Evans J. Sanchez-Weatherby, S. Newstead, Patrick Shawn. Structure determination of membrane proteins – The next generation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Biomembranes 2014,1838:78-87.
A. Douangamath, P. Aller, P. Lukacik,J. Sanchez-Weatherby, I. Moraes and J. Brandao-Neto. Using high-throughput in situ plate screening to evaluate the effect of dehydration on protein crystals. Acta Cryst. 2013, D69, 920-923.
D. Axford, R. L. Owen, J. Foadi, A. W. Morgan, James I. Robinson, J. Nettleship, R. Owens, I. Moraes, D. I. Stuart, J. Ren, E. E. Fry, K. Harlos, A. Kotecha and G. Evans. In situ macromolecular crystallography using microbeams. Acta Cryst. 2012, D68, 592-600.
M. Smith, V. Mack, A. Ebneth, I. Moraes, B. Felicetti, M. Wood, D. Schonfeld, O. Mather, A. Cesura, J. Barker. The Structure of Mammalian Serine Racemase. Evidence for Conformational Changes Upon Inhibitor Binding. J Biol Chem., 2010, 285:12873–12881.
Other professional qualifications
Member of the British Crystallography Association
Member of the International Union of crystallography
Member of the British Biophysical Society
Governor of Newbold College
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text:
Blitz against economic saboteurs starts
0 October 9, 2021 7:43 AM
Source: Blitz against economic saboteurs starts | The Herald
Prosecutor-General Mr Kumbirai Hodzi
Daniel Nemukuyu Investigations Editor
The blitz against economic saboteurs started last night with the arrest of foreign currency violators countrywide.
Prosecutor-General Kumbirai Hodzi yesterday directed that violators of exchange control regulations be arrested without fear or favour.
"I have given instructions and a specific directive that all foreign currency violators, whoever they are, be arrested and be remanded with bail strongly opposed," he said.
This comes as the Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) directed JEFFM Auction Private Limited to stick to the official auction rate when selling its accident damaged vehicles and other items.
Police are disposing of old and accident damaged vehicles countrywide between October 8 and November 27 this year.
Vehicles, motorcycles, engines, radiators, scrap metal and other items are up for sale.
JEFFM won the tender to sell the properties.
This week, the auctioneer advertised the first sale that was conducted at ZRP Craneborne Workshop yesterday.
A fleet of old and accident damages vehicles, including Land Rover Defender, Toyota Hilux, Rhino Cam, Mercedes Benz, Mitsubishi L200, Mazda B1800, Honda Ballades, BMWs and Ford Fiestas, was sold.
In an advertisement announcing the auction, JEFFM set the mandatory deposit for those participating in the vehicles' sale at US$3 000 or $500 000, translating to about US$1: 167 while those bidding for other items like car engines, radiators, batteries and scrap metal, were asked to pay US$2 000 or $350 000, which is the rate of US$1: $175.
The notice was in violation of the law considering the official rate is at US$1: $88,60.
It sparked debate and criticism on social media with people arguing that police were using a black market rate of US$1: $170, in violation of exchange control regulations.
After a spirited media attack, police distanced themselves from the auctioneer's decision before calling JEFFM to order.
National police spokesperson Assistant Commissioner Paul Nyathi said the auctioneer was directed to use the official auction rate in all transactions for the Craneborne auction and others to be conducted in other provinces soon.
"Please take note that JEFFM Auction management has been directed by the ZRP Command to accept payments using the RBZ official rate. Potential buyers are accordingly informed. We thank the public and the media for raising concern over the issue.
"The ZRP advises the public that it has taken note of the message on the pending auction of boarded and accident-damaged vehicles by JEFFM Auction who won the bid," reads the statement.
Asst Comm Nyathi said if the auctioneer used the black market rate, action would be taken in terms of the law.
"If they decide to operate illegally, we will surely deal with them in terms of the law," he said.
The Herald yesterday visited the ZRP Craneborne workshop where the auction was being conducted and observed that JEFFM was now using the official RBZ rate of US$1: $88,60.
Bidders were all smiles as their transactions were being done in terms of the fair auction rate.
On October 11, the same auctioneer will be selling police property in Mashonaland East (Mutoko and Marondera) while another auction was set for October 15 in Plumtree.
On October 16 and 17, JEFFM will be conducting another auction in Bulawayo.
The Chitungwiza auction was set for October 19 while more properties will be sold on October 22 and Morris Depot's Police Protection Unit in Harare.
JEFFM will hold other auctions in Masvingo and Chivhu on October 25 while another one will be held in Zvishavane on October 26.
On October 27 and 28, there will be actions in Gwanda and Beitbridge respectively. On November 6 there will be another sale in Gweru while more property will be auctioned in Hwange on November 9.
There will be more property sales at Fairbridge on November 10 and at Chikurubi on November 13.
Auctions for Mutare and Rusape will be held on November 17 while another one will be held in Bindura on November 23. On November 25, JEFFM will be in Chinhoyi while the last sale will be done at Sommerby workshop on November 27.
Meanwhile The Herald has visted a number of shops in Harare and established that traders were still insisting on the black market price indexing.
A reporter was sent to Electrosales hardware in Harare where the tellers were using the rate of US$1:$165.
He asked for a written quotation in respect of four different items.
The items were quoted in local currency but upon asking the US dollar rate, the reporter was advised to convert the figure using the rate of US$1: 165.
On Thursday, a survey by The Herald showed that most shops' prices were influenced by the black market rates.
The Herald visited a number of shops in Harare's central business district whose employees unsuspectingly quoted their goods and services in both US dollar and local currency using black market rates.
Towers Nest Pharmacy, at the corner of Sam Nujoma Street and Jason Moyo Avenue was using the rate of US$1:170. A 100ml bottle of Sophyllex cough syrup was going for US$5 or $850 using EcoCash or swipe.
At Word Pharmacy along Jason Moyo Avenue, a 200ml bottle of Benylin 4 Flu, a cough syrup cost US$9 or $1 620, translating to the rate of US$1:$180.
Teecherz Home & Office, a furniture shop along Jason Moyo Avenue was selling a wooden round coffee table for US$145 or $25 400. A rectangular coffee table of the same quality in that shop was at US$140 or $24 500.
Calculation shows that the furniture was priced using the rate in the region of US$1:$175.
Food World and Choppies' local prices were set using the rate of US$1:$120, a black-market rate that attracts more customers using foreign currency.
However, other supermarkets like Pick n Pay and OK were using the official auction rate, a development that saw money changers camping outside the shops, touting for business, by offering to exchange foreign currency before the customer goes in.
Outside Pick n Pay Jason Moyo, money changers will be offering higher rates to those intending to buy from the supermarket using foreign currency.
At Bakers' Inn a Russian sausage and chips were going for US$1,25 or $200, while a steak-pie cost US$0,80 or $175.
Chicken Inn's 2-piecer (two pieces and a portion of chips) was selling at US$3,50 or $560.
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