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foreign doctors salary in uk
Medical specialists are doctors who have completed advanced education and clinical training, in a specific area of medicine. In many areas of China, for example, doctors are paid about 2,524 Yuan–$406 a month (China.org.cn, 2015). There are of course differences depending on your professional experience and the medical area you work in. A surprise winner – Luxembourg tops the list! The need to make up for skill shortages in various specialist areas means that there are lots of opportunities for qualified doctors to find work in Germany, especially in rural areas and smaller towns. Canada faces a lot of difficulties, due to its doctors finding their way to the USA for better conditions. Luxembourg. Plain time rates include any work done between 7am – 9pm any day of the week. A general practitioner, also called GP or generalist, is one who does not specialize in one particular area of medicine. Occupational physicians' pay scales Doctors working as occupational physicians outside the NHS – both as employees and self-employed contractors – should earn at least as much as those in the NHS. Though the salary $187,411 annually seems less yet the living conditions make the place a happy one for doctors all over the world. Salary packaging is where the amount of taxable income you earn can be reduced by spending some of your pre-tax salary. Our guidance advises doctors in the UK on issues that may impact your pay including rises, information on your pay slip and claiming expenses. Junior doctors who've completed their first year will usually earn more than the minimum requirements. A significant dearth of doctors is predicted in the next 15 years. Canada faces a shortage of doctors due to this. The UK inflation rate at the end of 2018 was 2%. The salary details collected from around 127 data points mark that an average compensation of $124,908 is drawn by a medical practitioner annually. Another country with extremely low salaries for doctors is Egypt. September 3, 2018 All doctors must have registration with a licence to legally practise medicine and undertake activities restricted by law to doctors, such as writing prescriptions and … Doctors who hold registration but not a licence may be working as an academic or outside the UK. You will always get paid for working as a doctor in the UK. It is unclear whether the new rules for recruiting medics and physicians will enable nationals from any of the countries implicated in any of President Donald Trump's controversial travel bans to circumvent them. He treats patients independently, as well as under the supervision of the senior. - Duration: 12:41. This page provides information on the options, as well as providing useful information for you to consider prior to or on arrival in the UK. In this article: Basic Salary; Total Gross Salary; Net Monthly Pay; Maximise Your Income; Ways to Increase Your Income; Employee benefits; Summary; Basic Salary. Switzerland caters to a high quality of life. Moreover, most of the doctors prefer working in cities rather any rural areas. Here a Doctor can expect to earn a decent amount, nothing that fancies though. How to Improve Your Credit Score, Who Are the Highest Paid Athletes in the World, What are the Highest Paying Jobs in New Zealand, Physician CoMedscape'smpensation Report for 2017, Top 15 PayScale Salary Calculators for Job Seekers, How to Write a Letter of Interest (Sample Examples & Format), How Coronavirus is Impacting the Recruitment Industry, How to Dress for Success as a Woman? This post concerns pay scales for junior doctors working in the UK at entry level posts. Doctors have a very important task, and that is, to save lives. For example, French hospitals are allowed to pay them less than doctors with French or European diplomas. As a nurse in the NHS, you will be rewarded with a Band 5 Staff Nurse salary. Here the national average salary is … Here doctors work the longest hours, more than any country in Europe. He enjoyed his job and liked the place where he lived. Máximo González Jurado, president of the General Council of Nursing Colleges, is worried about the longterm implications of the medical brain drain: 'Spain continues to train magnificent professionals. In Ireland, Specialists earn an average of $143,000, whereas general practitioners earn approximately $90,000 annually. To work in New Zealand, you … They often have regular and long term patients. Make it easier for foreign doctors to work in Britain, minister told. ₩110,039,082 (KRW) /yr Average Base Salary. This is due to the higher practice cost, and lower insurance reimbursement rate. Toolkit for doctors new to the UK A resource to help support doctors and international medical graduates just starting out in the NHS in the UK. Hence, in Finland, a general practitioner earns less than half of what doctors earn in the US. | Real figures! While there are no available figures for average GP salaries, specialists in the country can expect to earn an average take home of $138,261, which is certainly nothing to be sniffed at. All doctors intending to practise medicine in the UK are required to be registered with the GMC, follow the GMC's good medical practice guidance and be subject to the GMC Fitness to Practise actions. Foreign doctors in the US on J-1 residency visas were urged to consult their sponsor to extend their programs, which can be done for a year at a time up to seven years. There are more than 50,000 Indian doctors serving half the UK population, according to an association of Indian-origin doctors in Britain. From 1948, the National Health Service (NHS) has grown to become the world's largest publicly funded health service. Meanwhile, foreign doctors have been allowed to study in India and if required MCI would give them temporary registration, following which they can practice in any hospital here. Discussion in 'Doctors Cafe' started by Riham, May 8, 2016. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. They have great working conditions, shorter work hours and to top it all, they have plenty of holidays. Better working conditions and an advanced support system is offered. F1 Doctor salaries at NHS can range from £23,539 - £39,813. The mountainous Central European country, with numerous lakes, villages is also home to the high Alpine peaks. The North Atlantic Island stands at eighth position, in the list of highest pay for doctors. Foreign doctors make up more than half of new recruits joining the NHS Credit: Shutterstock The head of the medical watchdog said 10,000 new international doctors will be … The trick here to earn more in this profession is to get a specialization done. This includes junior doctors … Surgeon Professor J Meirion Thomas said officials have failed to train enough UK-based medics. GPs' leaders are urging ministers to add family doctors to the UK's list of shortage occupations, to make it easier for overseas doctors to help plug the widening gaps in the GP workforce. In Foundation training, you will earn a basic salary of £28,243 to £32,691 (from 1 April 2020). Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). An entry level doctor (1-3 years of experience) earns an average salary of ₩74,716,011. A … There are quite a few numbers of countries, where Doctors earn a sumptuous amount. Specialists make roughly $247,000 and general practitioners make approximately $91,000. And France ( 178 ) uncertainties which need to be paid for additional duties, ….... Germany has high starting salaries and doctors are found risking their own personal.! Hold registration but not a licence may be working as an academic or the. 77,000 whereas general practitioners earn approximately $ 117,000 annually and that is the reason, of! On 105 salaries submitted anonymously to Glassdoor by Doctor employees rose £5000 to.! Of leading companies in the UK who are just starting out in the UK has one of the.! Of news Group Newspapers ' Limited 's Standard Terms and conditions in with! Risking their own personal Doctor largest provider of locum doctors to practice medicine, thanks to a specialist in UK! Experience in Complete Recruitment life Cycle - Sourcing, Negotiation and Delivery orthopedic surgeons who earn a remarkable of! Out in the whole world, this could be the perfect place to live in consultant obstetricians midwife! 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Clearwater Sunset - Altered by Michael Mars
Artist Michael Mars
Collection Digital_Art
Michael Mars's Recent Work
Michael Mars, Valrico
Artist Statement Art is a subjective outlook of a persons mood, taste, state of mind and general view of life around them. At the tender age of 43, I haven't seen everything, but I've had the opportunity to see quite a bit. I put as much of myself into my art as possible and the experiences I've had feed my creativity and outlook that is represented in my work
I have been fascinated and in love with photography for over 20 years. Even as a child I remember watching Polaroid images appearing like magic and wanting to create my own. To capture split second in time, a moment in someones life, is paramount to the ability to conquer time and leave a timeless impression on the world, no matter how small.
Where my photography leads me, I may never know, but getting there is the biggest adventure of all.
Michael Mars is a husband and father of 5 (all boys) living in Lawton, Oklahoma. Currently in the Army and also having spent four years in the Navy Michael uses his own perspective to create images that stand the test of time. He started his journey with 35mm film doing his own development and printing and has journeyed onwards to the digital age. While he works in both color and B&W his love remains in the realm of varying shades of gray. According to Michael color photography has its place, but there is no denying the fact that B&W has a soul of its own...
Tags Manipulation, Mars, Michael, clearwater, sunset

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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UFA AG is the leading animal feed producer in Switzerland. In their four plants they produce over 100 different feeds, mainly for poultry, pigs and cattle. UFA AG, which is certified according to ISO 9001, has a strong focus on quality and technical expertise. Both in their production and in the technical advice they give their customers.
When UFA AG set out to improve their efficiency while maintaining product quality, they turned to Perten Instruments and its local partner Impana for help with analytical solutions. Being aware that costs and quality are very much determined by your ingredients, and how you use them, UFA AG was interested in rapid methods for quality testing of ingredients and finished feeds. Perten proposed the DA 7200 NIR Feed Analyzer, which is widely used in the feed industry globally.
An evaluation followed, where UFA AG tested analytical performance, handling and other practical aspects. Perten and Impana established a close cooperation with UFA AG during the evaluations and after some time UFA AG decided to make the investment. Today, the benefits are very clear and have a direct impact on operations. Ingredients are tested before they are even unloaded from the trucks, and all batches of finished feed are quality checked.
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Alex is an 18-year-old up and coming singer/dancer from Philadelphia. Despite his age, Alex is a seasoned performer and has performed hundreds of shows for crowds big and small. He has been the #1 artist in the region in the pop category on ReverbNation for the last 5 years in a row as well as 12th nationally and 14th globally. Due to his growing popularity on his social media and in particular YouTube, Alex performed at Vidcon in 2016.
Also in 2016, Alex was asked to appear on the first season of the kids' show Wonderama, which aired nationally in in January 2017 and reached 40 million homes. They enjoyed working with him and have invited him to come back in upcoming seasons.
Q: How do you like to social network, facebook or twitter?
Q: As a young musician is it hard balance your music with other obligations, friends, family, exercise?
Q: Who is your favorite actor?
Q: Does your family support and help with your music?
Q: Would you say music is your passion?
Q: When and why did you start playing?
A: A little cheap guitar with a fire strap it was red with a white pick guard in the shape of a fender Stratocaster.
A: I perform everywhere, down the beach locally, id say I have about 200 or more live performances.
A: Don't let it get to you, because nerves can make you do worse.
Q: What do you practice – exercises, new tunes, hard tunes, etc.
These kids are the cutest things you'll ever see. Ranging from what looks like 10-16 this all boy band is slowly taking the Philly area with the help of the crazy powerful vocals from their lead singer Alex.
The band consists of lead guitarist Ricky, singer/ backup guitarist Alex, bass player Aaron, and drummer Tim. They're only doing covers right now but their website says that their guitarist Ricky is working on some originals for the band to play at upcoming shows at World Cafe Live in Wilmington on May 3rd at 7pm and the TLA on June 14th at 7pm.
Definitely looks like the making of the next big pop boy band, look out pre teen girls.
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REYKJAVIK, April 18 (Reuters) - Powerful tremors from an Icelandic volcano that has been a menace for travellers across Europe shook the countryside on Sunday as eruptions hurled a steady stream of ash into the sky.
Ash from the volcano drifted southeast towards the European continent, sparing the capital Reykjavik and other more populated centres but forcing farmers and their livestock indoors as a blanket of ash fell on the surrounding areas.
"We are all doing our utmost to make sure that the farming community in this area survives this disaster," Icelandic President Olafur Grimsson told Reuters Television.
He said it was difficult to assess the impact on tourism in the country, which is only just emerging from a deep recession, but that recent events had put Iceland in the spotlight and that the country might even lure in more visitors.
"What we are experiencing here in Iceland is forces of nature on display... And that is a spectacle — the combination of volcanic eruption and glaciers you cannot see anywhere else in the world," he said.
Iceland's Meterological Office said tremors from the volcano had grown more intense but that the column of ash rising from the volcano had eased back to 4-5 km (2.5-3 miles) from as high as 11 km when it started erupting earlier this week.
"We are seeing mixed signals. There are some hints that the eruption will be decreasing, and others that show it is not decreasing," said Einar Kjartansson, a geophysicist at the Meteorological Office.
The eruption is taking place under Iceland's Eyjafjallajokull glacier, normally a popular hiking ground about 120 km (75 miles) southeast of the capital Reykjavik.
Kjartansson believes the volcano has melted about 10 percent of the glacier, but melting might have slowed in recent hours.
However, that does not mean Europe will see any great relief from the plume of ash that is choking the upper atmosphere with tiny particles of glass and pulverised rock, threatening jet engines and airframes.
The glacier on top of the volcano is about 200 metres (650 ft) thick — thinner than many glaciers atop other volcanoes that have erupted in recent times. That means there is less ice, and water, to suffocate the eruptions and resulting steam.
"It might mean more intense ash production," Kjartansson said.
DAY TURNS TO NIGHT Vidir Reynisson, of the Civil Protection Department, said some areas near the volcano were pitchblack during daylight hours.
"There are places where you can't even see the palm of your hand," he said.
Many farmers remained to tend their livestock and some, assisted by rescue squads, were on rooftops sweeping off the accumulated ash to prevent roofs from caving in. There were no disruptions to electricity or water supplies in the area.
Meanwhile, travellers stranded in Iceland due to limited flights out of the international Keflavik airport got approval on travel to Norway.
Icelandair said it was running five flights to Trondheim in Norway with a total of 800 passengers while Iceland Express flew once. Flights to and from the United States remained unaffected.
But more delays and diversions could be in store for Europe.
U.S.-based forecaster AccuWeather said winds at the level of the ash plume were expected to continue steering it from Iceland into northern Britain and southern Scandinavia through Monday.
The winds are seen shifting farther south Tuesday and Wednesday, sending any ash farther south and putting Germany and the Netherlands at greater risk, it said.
Iceland sits on a volcanic hotspot in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and has relatively frequent eruptions, though most occur in sparsely populated areas and pose little danger to people or property. The last eruption took place in 2004.


(above) UMOJA Men's Chorus (Warren Correctional) prepares for the World Choir Games in Cincinnati; the international panel who came to the prison to ajudicate these singers awarded gold medals in the categories of spirituals and gospel.
Professional circumstances took me from creating and leading women's choirs to creating and leading men's choirs. In the early 1990s, when I was on the music faculty at Wilmington College (a Quaker school), the Dean of Correctional Education asked me to start a chorus as part of our Fine Arts curriculum at Warren Correctional Institution for men. In 1993 I founded UMOJA Men's Chorus with seventeen singers.
UMOJA was the first chorus of its kind in the nation, though today prison choirs led by outside choral professionals are numerous—and still proliferating across the country. To date I have founded men's choirs in three prisons (also UBUNTU at London Correctional and KUJI at Marion Correctional). This work has been important to me on many levels, including my selfish concern for my own education—about race, racism, mass incarceration, the prison-industrial complex… about what happens to humans in a perfected culture of punishment. I have been motivated by seeing the impact of choral singing on the inmates' lives as they develop a spirit of engagement, and as our culturally adventurous repertoire inspires their hunger to learn about the world. I am driven to helping the silenced to sound their experiences through song and to accomplish feats they had never fathomed. I want the outside world to understand that deprivation and control are not the ways to rehabilitate and heal.
The men with whom I've worked for over twenty-five years have formidable listening skills that are greater than my own and complementary to my notational skill. Our distinct sets of experiences contribute to our engaging musical environment behind bars, where I can put my servant-leadership model fully into action. Shortly into my work with these men, I recognized their interest in writing original songs for the choir to sing. I encouraged them to write inspirational music derived from the values that influenced them, music that expressed their hopes and dreams: what was it they wanted to communicate to an audience outside the prison walls? I developed a process for working with these songwriters that helped me teach score-reading skills to the larger group. When a singer had a piece ready to share, I made a rough recording and then created a piano-vocal transcription. I found I could effectively use that arrangement as material for teaching interpretation of basic rhythm notation, meter and tempo markings, and indications for dynamics, phrasing, and articulation. In the material represented on the four CD recordings I made with UMOJA, twenty-nine songs were composed by choir members.
It was during our work on the third CD project (1) that I realized: the compositions these men had created were truly new spirituals, written in the gospel, pop, funk, hiphop, and ballad idioms. While uplifting and transcendent, these songs revealed the conditions of mass incarceration. Like their nineteenth-century counterparts about refuge, release, and resistance, these new spirituals gave the men a sense of hopeful determination and provided a mental escape from the confines of the prison walls.
HOPE Thru Harmony Women's Choir (Dayton Correctional) and Earlham College Women's Choir, with the composer present, perform Crossings, Dr. Ysaye Barnwell's thirty-minute work for chorus, narrator, and dancers.
John Lovell, in Black Song: The Forge and the Flame— the Story of how the Afro-American Spiritual was Hammered Out, summarizes the power of spirituals: "to give the community a true, valid and useful song, to keep the community invigorated, to inspire the uninspired individual, to enable the group to face its problems, to comment on the slave situation, to stir each member to personal solutions and a sense of belonging in the midst of a confusing and terrifying world, and to provide a code language for emergency use." (2) Lovell described exactly what I saw in the prison choir. The singing of songs written by choir members deepened the sense of connection that unified them. In an environment not conducive to showing emotions or weakness, the songs coded the message: No matter how I am treated or thought of in here, I can sing this song, I can express my feelings, and I can experience transcendence.
My prison choirs' engagement with the world outside extends beyond the recordings we have made. UMOJA participated in the 2012 World Choir Games, whose international judges traveled thirty miles to enter the prison and hear the men sing. The choir competed in the spirituals and gospel categories, with pieces by Betty Jackson King and Ysaye Barnwell. The men's hard, disciplined work earned them two gold medals, which result may have represented the first time some of them had completed a shared project to memorable outcome (3).
After retiring from MUSE in 2013, I brought my expertise in women's choirs to the founding of HOPE Thru Harmony Women's Choir at Dayton Correctional Facility. I have been able to connect this choir in shared projects with MUSE (led by Jillian Harrison-Jones), with the Earlham College Women's Ensemble (led by Danielle Steele), and with commissioned composers Ysaye Barnwell and Rosephanye Powell. The voices in this group were also recently featured with those of UBUNTU, KUJI, and three other prison choirs in Heartbeat Opera's Manhattan production of Beethoven's Fidelio, in which the storyline's political prisoner was cast as a wrongfully imprisoned Black Lives Matter activist.
And so, my "retirement" looks like this: each week I drive around the state to enter three different prisons and walk the gauntlets of correctional officers—some kind, some mean, some incompetent—to get through to the residents who are hungry to sing, yearning to grow, and excited to build choral communities of healing, hope, and love in a hostile environment. Everything their choral practice gives them is something otherwise utterly missing there on the "inside." (4) But here on the "outside" we, too, are missing something critical, which is these individuals themselves, the evidence of their humanity, and the impetus of their example to question whether the criminal justice system we currently have is worthy of the society we would be. Our collaborations with recording engineers, composers, performers, and presenters on the "outside" have helped me answer the questions: What is missing? How can I make it better?
(1) Extend a Hand had twelve out of nineteen songs written by seven different choir members.
(2) Black Song: The Forge and the Flame: The Story of How the Afro-American Spiritual Was Hammered Out (MacMillan Publishing Company, 1972), 198.
(3) Video footage of award-winning UMOJA singing at the 2012 World Choir Games with discussion by international judges.


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Please call us on 01892 890690 and we will be delighted to assist you with your order.


TLCS stands for an open and transparent business approach. Good governance is key for us, especially so because of the often not-so-good reputation of the region. We will be very careful to ensure that the right type of parties are introduced to each other and that we only work with network partners who are best-of-breed by all means and standards. Of course we do understand that the quality of governance, legal infrastructure, openness of political decision making and levels of corruption make for a starting situation that is far from perfect. However, we are convinced that the Foreign Bias is playing an important role as well. Too often, countries in this region are blamed for things that the Chinese, Indians and some other Emerging and Frontier nations get away with. We also see it as our mission to inform parties in- and outside the region about this.
There is progress in the region and both governments and leading enterprises in the region do understand that – if they are serious about on-going growth, exports and other beneficial international contact – improvements will benefit them in the longer run. We are therefore convinced that the opportunities in the region are far bigger than assumed by many outside firms, governments and semi-governmental entities. Especially the smaller ones do normally imply that the region is too dangerous for them. TLCS has numerous examples of brave and successful entities that did not only do business successfully in the region, but who also built long-lasting friendships that have triggered additional opportunities! But there is a cultural and language barrier and we do believe that it is of the utmost importance for TLCS, local suppliers, and our clientele to ensure that these are explained as clearly as possible when entering a relationship. In other words: we do not believe in a quick deal, but will focus on building strong, long-term relationships instead.


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6 New Video Game Rumors: 'Star Wars,' 'Watch_Dogs' and More
It's been a busy week for video game rumors, so we've collected a number of leaks and unverified information about some very high-profile games. We have possible (and even probable) details on Star Wars, Disney Infinity, Watch_Dogs 2, Microsoft's HoloLens, and more. If you want to go down the rumor rabbit hole, read on for the details.
Source: Ubisoft
1. Is Watch_Dogs 2 in development?
It doesn't take a psychic to predict that a sequel to Watch_Dogs is in the works, seeing as the game sold around 8 million copies, making it the second best-selling new IP introduced in 2014 (behind only Destiny). But we haven't gotten any confirmation on this point from anyone at Ubisoft — until just last week.
That's when VideoGamer.com happened to notice that someone from Ubisoft's Paris studio had Watch_Dogs 2 listed on his LinkedIn profile page. Unsurprisingly, the programmer has since removed all mention of the unannounced game. But not before VideoGamer snagged a screenshot.
There's little doubt that a new Watch_Dogs is in the works, of course. With sales like that game had, Ubisoft would be foolish not to. And in fact, in an interview with Games TM, Jonathan Morin, the original game's creative director, hypothesized about what might be included in a possible sequel. Morin said:
When you start a new project [and new IP], it's a blank page and everything you do is what you want to do. With a sequel, there is more pressure to push a brand forward and we now have to appeal to fans in a new way.
We have to give [the development team] something hard to do. If we don't, they could fade out, which means you don't benefit from their knowledge or they will leave. Our team is really assimilated with the challenge we have and who knows where it will lead us next.
Despite the talk, however, the game has yet to be officially announced. You just have to read between the lines.
Source: Saturn
2. Disney Infinity Star Wars leaked
Star Wars is popular. Disney Infinity, the company's line of toys you can "load" into the video game of the same name, is also popular. So it would be no surprise if Disney were to release a line of Disney Infinity characters based on Star Wars.
That appears to be exactly what's happening, according to a product page on the site of German retailer Saturn. The page has since been removed, but it had a picture of a starter kit for Disney Infinity 3.0, featuring characters from The Clone Wars cartoon series. Check it out above and hope for an announcement soon.
Source: Microsoft
3. Will HoloLens be super pricy?
Microsoft has been slowly unveiling more information about HoloLens, an augmented reality headset that's currently in development. With the device, which makes it appear as though digital objects exist in the physical space around you, Microsoft promises a bold new take on personal computing. The only problem? According to an article in The New York Times, HoloLens will cost about the same as a powerful laptop — well beyond what you'd pay for an Xbox One or PlayStation 4.
Microsoft is set to show off more of the device's gaming capabilities at E3 in June, but with a price point upwards of $1,000, it's sure to be a tough sell for gamers.
The big difference between HoloLens and VR headsets like Sony's Project Morpheus and Facebook's Oculus Rift is that HoloLens is a standalone device that won't need to be tethered to a computer or PS4 to run.
That makes it much more mobile and versatile than its VR competition, but it also means all of the expensive components that power it have to be situated in the headset itself. That means they must be small, which means they'll cost a lot.
Source: Sony
4. Will Sony unveil a "new online gaming concept" May 13?
Sony just might have big plans for a "new concept for online gaming," according to a NeoGAF user who claims to have received a press release from Sony Computer Entertainment Italy to that effect. The text of the attached image reads "Are you ready to accept the challenge?" in Italian.
It's unclear what a new online gaming concept might mean, or why Sony hasn't made any other announcements if news is in fact imminent. Perhaps the "challenge" it refers to could be some kind of eSports initiative. In any case, we won't have to wait long to see what, if anything, Sony has planned.
Source: Rare Ltd.
5. Rare to announce a new game at E3?
Once again, a NeoGAF member has spotted a mention of an as-yet-unannounced game in the wild. In a recent Twitter conversation, a creative director for Rare hinted about the company announcing its next game at E3 in June.
No word on what the game is, exactly, but Microsoft's Phil Spencer has been teasing a new Battletoads project for a while. Battletoads, for you young 'uns, was an incredibly challenging NES game that came out in 1991.
Source: Bandai Namco
6. Is Tales of Zestria coming to PS4?
The Tales series of Japanese role-playing games has been fairly successful on this side of the pond, putting out nearly a game a year for a decade. The games tend to be standalone adventures about saving the world, with real-time combat that sets them apart from other JRPGs. So far, Tales of Zestria, this year's installment, is only scheduled to launch on PlayStation 3.
Or at least it was. Best Buy has just created a product page for a PlayStation 4 version of the game, set to release on October 27. Whether it's a mistake or an accidental reveal of an actual version of the game remains to be seen. But releasing a PS3-only game toward the end of 2015 doesn't make a whole lot of sense. I bet this one is real.
Follow Chris on Twitter @CheatSheetChris
Check out Tech Cheat Sheet on Facebook
More from Tech Cheat Sheet:
The 8 Best Xbox One Exclusive Games Released So Far
The 4 Best PlayStation 4 Exclusive Games Released So Far
The 7 Best Wii U Video Games Released So Far


OK, back from Hong Kong. And I want to answer a question I heard any number of times while in Asia: Will European regulators really enforce the EU General Data Protection Regulation outside of their jurisdictions? Does the GDPR really present a compliance risk if you're not in the EU?
Further, what European controllers expect of Asian processors, Asian processors will need to demand from their own vendors. Asian firms should expect extra scrutiny of their subcontractors from their European business partners and to either lose business or be subject to onerous auditing if they can't produce the proper paperwork.
Further, how likely are Asian firms to appoint a representative in Europe or to develop a register of data processing activities and procedures for the right to be forgotten and data portability?
Evans predicted it will get more likely if their lack triggers consumer complaints. Brazen? Risk-averse? How seriously Asian firms end up taking the GDPR will depend ultimately on both their appetites for regulatory risk and the value they place on their European business partners.


(which is practically the same as my first solution).
(8)r12c8 = (8*-6)r8c8 = r8c5 - (6=2589)r2c3589 - (*8|9=5)r1c8 ... ?
I wouldn't say so. Conciseness and elegance are nice, but they're not necessarily the most interesting solutions.
Yep, that's a perfect fix!


text:
EUR-Lex - 32015R0758 - EN
Document 32015R0758
Regulation (EU) 2015/758 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 concerning type-approval requirements for the deployment of the eCall in-vehicle system based on the 112 service and amending Directive 2007/46/EC
OJ L 123, 19.5.2015, p. 77–89 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
In force: This act has been changed. Latest consolidated version: 31/03/2018
ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2015/758/oj
Language 1 Bulgarian (bg) Spanish (es) Czech (cs) Danish (da) German (de) Estonian (et) Greek (el) English (en) French (fr) Irish (ga) Croatian (hr) Italian (it) Latvian (lv) Lithuanian (lt) Hungarian (hu) Maltese (mt) Dutch (nl) Polish (pl) Portuguese (pt) Romanian (ro) Slovak (sk) Slovenian (sl) Finnish (fi) Swedish (sv)
Language 2 Please choose Bulgarian (bg) Spanish (es) Czech (cs) Danish (da) German (de) Estonian (et) Greek (el) English (en) French (fr) Irish (ga) Croatian (hr) Italian (it) Latvian (lv) Lithuanian (lt) Hungarian (hu) Maltese (mt) Dutch (nl) Polish (pl) Portuguese (pt) Romanian (ro) Slovak (sk) Slovenian (sl) Finnish (fi) Swedish (sv)
Official Journal of the European Union
REGULATION (EU) 2015/758 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 29 April 2015
concerning type-approval requirements for the deployment of the eCall in-vehicle system based on the 112 service and amending Directive 2007/46/EC
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 114 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,
After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),
Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (2),
A comprehensive Union type-approval system for motor vehicles has been established by Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (3).
The technical requirements for the type-approval of motor vehicles with regard to numerous safety and environmental elements have been harmonised at Union level in order to ensure a high level of road safety throughout the Union.
The deployment of an eCall service available in all vehicles and in all Member States has been one of the principal Union objectives in the area of road safety since 2003. In order to achieve that objective, a series of initiatives have been launched, as part of a voluntary deployment approach, but have not achieved sufficient progress to date.
In order to further improve road safety, the Commission Communication of 21 August 2009 entitled 'eCall: Time for Deployment' proposed new measures to deploy an in-vehicle emergency call service in the Union. One of the suggested measures was to make mandatory the fitting of 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems in all new types of vehicles starting with vehicles of categories M1 and N1 as defined in Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC.
On 3 July 2012, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on eCall: a new 112 service for citizens, which urged the Commission to submit a proposal within the framework of Directive 2007/46/EC in order to ensure the mandatory deployment of a public, 112-based eCall system by 2015.
It is still necessary to improve the operation of the 112 service throughout the Union, so that it provides assistance swiftly and effectively in emergencies.
The Union eCall system is expected to reduce the number of fatalities in the Union as well as the severity of injuries caused by road accidents, thanks to the early alerting of the emergency services. The mandatory introduction of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, together with the necessary and coordinated infrastructure upgrade in public mobile wireless communications networks for conveying eCalls and Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) for receiving and handling eCalls, would make the service available to all citizens and thus contribute to the reduction of fatalities and severe injuries, of costs relating to healthcare, of congestion caused by accidents and of other costs.
In accordance with Article 1(1) of Decision No 585/2014/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (4), Member States are to deploy on their territory, at least six months before the date of application of this Regulation and in any event no later than 1 October 2017, the eCall PSAP infrastructure required for the proper receipt and handling of all eCalls. In accordance with Article 3 of Decision No 585/2014/EU, Member States are to report by 24 December 2015 to the Commission on the state of implementation of that Decision. If the report concludes that the eCall PSAP infrastructure will not be operational by 1 October 2017, the Commission should take appropriate action to ensure that the eCall PSAP infrastructure is deployed.
In accordance with paragraph 4 of Commission Recommendation 2011/750/EU (5), Member States should ensure that mobile network operators implemented the mechanism to handle the 'eCall discriminator' in their networks by 31 December 2014. If the review referred to in paragraph 6 of that Recommendation concludes that the 'eCall discriminator' will not be implemented by 31 March 2016, the Commission should take appropriate action to ensure that mobile network operators implement the mechanism to handle the 'eCall discriminator'.
The provision of accurate and reliable positioning information is an essential element of the effective operation of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system. Therefore, it is appropriate to require its compatibility with the services provided by the Galileo and European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) programmes as set out in Regulation (EU) No 1285/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (6). The system established under the Galileo programme is an independent global satellite navigation system and the one established under the EGNOS programme is a regional satellite navigation system improving the quality of the Global Positioning System signal.
The mandatory equipping of vehicles with the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system should initially apply only to new types of passenger cars and light commercial vehicles (categories M1 and N1) for which an appropriate triggering mechanism already exists. The possibility of extending the application of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system requirement in the near future to include other vehicle categories, such as heavy goods vehicles, buses and coaches, powered two-wheelers and agricultural tractors, should be further assessed by the Commission with a view to presenting, if appropriate, a legislative proposal to that effect.
The equipping of vehicles of existing types to be manufactured after 31 March 2018 with the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system should be promoted in order to increase penetration. In respect of types of vehicles type-approved before 31 March 2018, an eCall system may be retrofitted on a voluntary basis.
The public interoperable Union-wide eCall service based on the single European emergency call number 112 and third party service supported eCall systems (TPS eCall services) can coexist provided that the measures necessary to ensure continuity in the provision of the service to the consumer are adopted. In order to ensure continuity of the public 112-based eCall service in all Member States throughout the lifetime of the vehicle and to guarantee that the public 112-based eCall service is always automatically available, all vehicles should be equipped with the public 112-based eCall service, regardless of whether or not a vehicle owner opts for a TPS eCall service.
Consumers should be provided with a realistic overview of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and of the TPS eCall system, if the vehicle is equipped with one, as well as comprehensive and reliable information regarding any additional functionalities or services linked to the private emergency service, in-vehicle emergency or assistance-call applications on offer, and regarding the level of service to be expected with the purchase of third party services and the associated cost. The 112-based eCall service is a public service of general interest and should therefore be accessible free of charge to all consumers.
The mandatory equipping of vehicles with the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system should be without prejudice to the right of all stakeholders such as car manufacturers and independent operators to offer additional emergency and/or added value services, in parallel with or building on the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system. However, any additional services should be designed in such a way that they do not increase driver distraction or affect the functioning of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and the efficient work of emergency call centres. The 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and the system providing private or added-value services should be designed in such a way that no exchange of personal data between them is possible. Where provided, those services should comply with the applicable safety, security and data protection legislation and should always remain optional for consumers.
In order to ensure open choice for customers and fair competition, as well as encourage innovation and boost the competitiveness of the Union's information technology industry on the global market, the eCall in-vehicle systems should be based on an interoperable, standardised, secure and open-access platform for possible future in-vehicle applications or services. As this requires technical and legal back-up, the Commission should assess without delay, on the basis of consultations with all stakeholders involved, including vehicle manufacturers and independent operators, all options for promoting and ensuring such an open-access platform and, if appropriate, put forward a legislative initiative to that effect. Furthermore, the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system should be accessible for a reasonable fee not exceeding a nominal amount and without discrimination to all independent operators for repair and maintenance purposes in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council (7).
In order to maintain the integrity of the type-approval system, only those 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems which can be fully tested should be accepted for the purposes of this Regulation.
The 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, as an emergency system, requires the highest possible level of reliability. The accuracy of the minimum set of data and of the voice transmission, and quality, should be ensured, and a uniform testing regime should be developed to ensure the longevity and durability of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system. Periodic roadworthiness tests should therefore be carried out regularly in accordance with Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (8).
Small series vehicles and vehicles approved pursuant to Article 24 of Directive 2007/46/EC are excluded, under that Directive, from the requirements on the protection of occupants in the event of frontal impact and side impact. Therefore, those vehicles should be excluded from the obligation to comply with the eCall requirements set out in this Regulation. Moreover, some vehicles of categories M1 and N1 cannot for technical reasons be equipped with an appropriate eCall triggering mechanism.
Special purpose vehicles should be subject to compliance with the eCall requirements set out in this Regulation, where the base/incomplete vehicle is equipped with the necessary triggering mechanism.
Any processing of personal data through the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system should comply with the personal data protection rules provided for in Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (9) and in Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (10), in particular to guarantee that vehicles equipped with 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, in their normal operational status related to 112 eCall, are not traceable and are not subject to any constant tracking and that the minimum set of data sent by the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system includes the minimum information required for the appropriate handling of emergency calls. This should take into account the recommendations made by the Working Party on the Protection of Individuals with regard to the Processing of Personal Data set up under Article 29 of Directive 95/46/EC ('Article 29 Data Protection Working Party') and contained in its 'Working document on data protection and privacy implications in eCall initiative', adopted on 26 September 2006.
Manufacturers should implement all the necessary measures in order to comply with the rules on privacy and data protection set out in this Regulation in accordance with Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (11).
When complying with technical requirements, vehicle manufacturers should integrate technical forms of data protection into in-vehicle systems and should comply with the principle of 'privacy by design'.
Manufacturers should provide the information about the existence of a free public eCall system, based on the single European emergency number 112, the right of the vehicle owner to choose to use that system rather than a TPS eCall system and the processing of data carried out through the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system as part of the technical documentation handed over together with the vehicle. That information should also be available for downloading online.
Data transmitted via the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and processed by the PSAPs can be transferred to the emergency service and service partners referred to in Decision No 585/2014/EU only in the event of incidents related to eCalls and under the conditions set out in that Decision and are used exclusively for the attainment of the objectives of that Decision. Data processed by the PSAPs through the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system are not transferred to any other third parties without the explicit prior consent of the data subject.
The European standardisation organisations, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN), have developed common standards for the deployment of a pan-European eCall service, which should apply for the purposes of this Regulation, as this will facilitate the technological evolution of the eCall in-vehicle service, ensure the interoperability and continuity of the service throughout the Union, and reduce the costs of implementation for the Union as a whole.
In order to ensure the application of common technical requirements regarding the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission in respect of the exemption of certain classes of vehicles of categories M1 and N1 from the obligation to install eCall in-vehicle systems, of the establishment of detailed technical requirements and tests for the EC type-approval of vehicles with regard to their eCall in-vehicle systems and the EC type-approval of systems, components and separate technical units designed and constructed for such vehicles, and of the establishment of detailed technical rules and test procedures for the application of certain rules on personal data processing and for ensuring that there is no exchange of personal data between the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and third party systems. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level and with relevant stakeholders, consulting in particular consumer protection organisations, as well as the European Data Protection Supervisor and the Article 29 Data Protection Working Party in accordance with the applicable legislation. The Commission, when preparing and drawing up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council.
In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this Regulation, implementing powers relating to the practical arrangements for assessing the absence of traceability and tracking, the template for the user information and the administrative provisions for the EC type-approval regarding the template for the information documents to be provided by manufacturers for the purposes of the type-approval, the template of the EC type-approval certificates and the model for the EC type-approval mark, should be conferred on the Commission. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council (12).
Vehicle manufacturers should be allowed sufficient time to adapt to the technical requirements of this Regulation.
This Regulation is a new separate Regulation in the context of the EC type-approval procedure provided for in Directive 2007/46/EC and, therefore, Annexes I, III, IV and XI to that Directive should be amended accordingly.
Since the objective of this Regulation, namely the achievement of the internal market through the introduction of common technical requirements for new type-approved vehicles equipped with the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States but can rather, by reason of its scale, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective.
The European Data Protection Supervisor was consulted in accordance with Article 28(2) of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council (13) and delivered an opinion on 29 October 2013 (14),
HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
This Regulation establishes the general requirements for the EC type-approval of vehicles in respect of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, and of 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, components and separate technical units.
1. This Regulation shall apply to vehicles of categories M1 and N1 as defined in points 1.1.1 and 1.2.1 of Part A of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC and to 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, components and separate technical units designed and constructed for such vehicles.
It shall not apply to the following vehicles:
vehicles produced in small series approved pursuant to Articles 22 and 23 of Directive 2007/46/EC;
vehicles approved pursuant to Article 24 of Directive 2007/46/EC;
vehicles which cannot for technical reasons be equipped with an appropriate eCall triggering mechanism, as determined in accordance with paragraph 2.
2. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 8 to identify classes of vehicles of categories M1 and N1 which cannot be equipped with an appropriate eCall triggering mechanism for technical reasons, on the basis of a study assessing the costs and benefits which is carried out or mandated by the Commission and taking into account all relevant safety and technical aspects.
The first such delegated acts shall be adopted by 9 June 2016.
For the purposes of this Regulation and in addition to the definitions laid down in Article 3 of Directive 2007/46/EC, the following definitions apply:
'112-based eCall in-vehicle system' means an emergency system, comprising in-vehicle equipment and the means to trigger, manage and enact the eCall transmission, that is activated either automatically via in-vehicle sensors or manually, which carries, by means of public mobile wireless communications networks, a minimum set of data and establishes a 112-based audio channel between the occupants of the vehicle and an eCall PSAP;
'eCall' means an in-vehicle emergency call to 112, made either automatically by means of the activation of in-vehicle sensors or manually, which carries a minimum set of data and establishes an audio channel between the vehicle and the eCall PSAP via public mobile wireless communications networks;
'public safety answering point' or 'PSAP' means a physical location where emergency calls are first received under the responsibility of a public authority or a private organisation recognised by the Member State;
'most appropriate PSAP' means a PSAP determined beforehand by the responsible authorities to cover emergency calls from a certain area or for emergency calls of a certain type;
'eCall PSAP' means the most appropriate PSAP determined beforehand by the authorities to first receive and handle eCalls;
'minimum set of data' or 'MSD' means the information defined by the standard 'Intelligent transport systems — eSafety — eCall minimum set of data (MSD)' (EN 15722:2011) which is sent to the eCall PSAP;
'in-vehicle equipment' means equipment permanently installed within the vehicle that provides or has access to the in-vehicle data required to perform the eCall transaction via a public mobile wireless communications network;
'eCall transaction' means the establishment of a mobile wireless communications session across a public wireless communications network and the transmission of the MSD from a vehicle to an eCall PSAP and the establishment of an audio channel between the vehicle and the same eCall PSAP;
'public mobile wireless communications network' means a mobile wireless communications network available to the public in accordance with Directives 2002/21/EC (15) and 2002/22/EC (16) of the European Parliament and of the Council;
'third party services supported eCall' or 'TPS eCall' means an in-vehicle emergency call to a third party service provider, made either automatically by means of the activation of in-vehicle sensors or manually, which carries, by means of public mobile wireless communications networks, the MSD and establishes an audio channel between the vehicle and the third party service provider;
'third party service provider' means an organisation recognised by national authorities as being allowed to receive a TPS eCall and to forward the MSD to the eCall PSAP;
'third party services eCall in-vehicle system' or 'TPS eCall in-vehicle system' means a system activated either automatically via in-vehicle sensors or manually, which carries, by means of public mobile wireless communications networks, the MSD and establishes an audio channel between the vehicle and the third party service provider.
General obligations of the manufacturers
Manufacturers shall demonstrate that all new types of vehicles referred to in Article 2 are equipped with a permanently installed 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, in accordance with this Regulation and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to this Regulation.
Specific obligations of manufacturers
1. Manufacturers shall ensure that all of their new types of vehicle and 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, components and separate technical units designed and constructed for such vehicles are manufactured and approved in accordance with this Regulation and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to this Regulation.
2. Manufacturers shall demonstrate that all new types of vehicles are constructed in such a way as to ensure that, in the event of a severe accident, detected by activation of one or more sensors or processors within the vehicle, which occurs in the territory of the Union, an eCall to the single European emergency number 112 is triggered automatically.
Manufacturers shall demonstrate that new types of vehicles are constructed in such a way as to ensure that an eCall to the single European emergency number 112 can also be triggered manually.
Manufacturers shall ensure that the manual trigger control of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system is designed in such a way as to avoid mishandling.
3. Paragraph 2 is without prejudice to the right of the vehicle owner to use a TPS eCall in-vehicle system providing a similar service, in addition to the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, provided that all the following conditions are met:
the TPS eCall in-vehicle system shall comply with the standard EN 16102:2011 'Intelligent transport systems — eCall — Operating requirements for third party support';
manufacturers shall ensure that there is only one system active at a time and that the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system is triggered automatically in the event that the TPS eCall in-vehicle system does not function;
the vehicle owner shall have the right to choose to use the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system rather than a TPS eCall in-vehicle system at all times;
manufacturers shall include information on the right referred to in point (c) in the owner's manual.
4. Manufacturers shall ensure that the receivers in the 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems are compatible with the positioning services provided by the Galileo and the EGNOS systems. Manufacturers may also choose, in addition, compatibility with other satellite navigation systems.
5. Only those 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, either permanently installed within the vehicle or type-approved separately, which can be tested shall be accepted for the purposes of EC type-approval.
6. Manufacturers shall demonstrate that, in the event of a critical system failure which would result in an inability to execute a 112-based eCall, a warning will be given to the occupants of the vehicle.
7. The 112-based eCall in-vehicle system shall be accessible to all independent operators for a reasonable fee not exceeding a nominal amount and without discrimination for repair and maintenance purposes in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007.
8. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 8 establishing the detailed technical requirements and tests for the EC type-approval of vehicles in respect of their 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems and the EC type-approval of 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, components and separate technical units.
The technical requirements and tests referred to in the first subparagraph shall be based on the requirements set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 and on the available standards relating to eCall, where applicable, including:
EN 16072:2011 'Intelligent transport system — eSafety — Pan-European eCall operating requirements';
EN 16062:2011 'Intelligent transport systems — eSafety — eCall high level application requirements (HLAP)';
CEN/TS 16454:2013 'Intelligent transport systems — ESafety — ECall end to end conformance testing', as regards the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system conformance to the pan-European eCall;
EN 15722:2011 'Intelligent transport systems — eSafety — eCall minimum set of data (MSD)';
EN 16102:2011 'Intelligent transport systems — eCall — Operating requirements for third party support';
any additional European standards relating to the eCall system adopted in conformity with the procedures laid down in Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (17), or Regulations of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE Regulations) relating to eCall systems to which the Union has acceded.
9. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 8 to update the versions of the standards referred to in paragraph 8 of this Article when a new version is adopted.
Rules on privacy and data protection
1. This Regulation is without prejudice to Directives 95/46/EC and 2002/58/EC. Any processing of personal data through the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system shall comply with the personal data protection rules provided for in those Directives.
2. The personal data processed pursuant to this Regulation shall only be used for the purpose of handling the emergency situations referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 5(2).
3. The personal data processed pursuant to this Regulation shall not be retained longer than necessary for the purpose of handling the emergency situations referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 5(2). Those data shall be fully deleted as soon as they are no longer necessary for that purpose.
4. Manufacturers shall ensure that the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system is not traceable and is not subject to any constant tracking.
5. Manufacturers shall ensure that, in the internal memory of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, data are automatically and continuously removed. Only the retention of the last three locations of the vehicle shall be permitted in so far as it is strictly necessary to specify the current location and the direction of travel at the time of the event.
6. Those data shall not be available outside the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system to any entities before the eCall is triggered.
7. Privacy enhancing technologies shall be embedded in the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system in order to provide eCall users with the appropriate level of privacy protection, as well as the necessary safeguards to prevent surveillance and misuse.
8. The MSD sent by the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system shall include only the minimum information as referred to in the standard EN 15722:2011 'Intelligent transport systems — eSafety — eCall minimum set of data (MSD)'. No additional data shall be transmitted by the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system. That MSD shall be stored in such a way as to make its full and permanent deletion possible.
9. Manufacturers shall provide clear and comprehensive information in the owner's manual about the processing of data carried out through the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system. That information shall consist of:
the reference to the legal basis for the processing;
the fact that the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system is activated by default;
the arrangements for data processing that the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system performs;
the specific purpose of the eCall processing, which shall be limited to the emergency situations referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 5(2);
the types of data collected and processed and the recipients of that data;
the time limit for the retention of data in the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system;
the fact that there is no constant tracking of the vehicle;
the arrangements for exercising data subjects' rights as well as the contact service responsible for handling access requests;
any necessary additional information regarding traceability, tracking and processing of personal data in relation to the provision of a TPS eCall and/or other added value services, which shall be subject to explicit consent by the owner and in compliance with Directive 95/46/EC. Particular account shall be taken of the fact that differences may exist between the data processing carried out through the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and the TPS eCall in-vehicle systems or other added value services.
10. In order to avoid confusion as to the purposes pursued and the added value of the processing, the information referred to in paragraph 9 shall be provided in the owner's manual separately for the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and the TPS eCall systems prior to the use of the system.
11. Manufacturers shall ensure that the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and any additional system providing TPS eCall or an added-value service are designed in such a way that no exchange of personal data between them is possible. The non-use of a system providing TPS eCall or an added-value service or the refusal of the data subject to give consent to the processing of his or her personal data for a TPS eCall service or an added value service shall not create any adverse effects on the use of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system.
12. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 8 in order to establish:
the detailed technical requirements and test procedures for the application of the rules on personal data processing referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3;
the detailed technical requirements and test procedures for ensuring that there is no exchange of personal data between the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and third party systems as referred to in paragraph 11.
13. The Commission shall, by means of implementing acts, lay down:
the practical arrangements for assessing the absence of traceability and tracking referred to in paragraphs 4, 5 and 6;
the template for the user information referred to in paragraph 9.
Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 10(2).
The first such implementing acts shall be adopted by 9 June 2016.
Obligations of the Member States
With effect from 31 March 2018, national authorities shall only grant EC type-approval in respect of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system to new types of vehicles and to new types of 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, components and separate technical units designed and constructed for such vehicles which comply with this Regulation and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to this Regulation.
Exercise of the delegation
1. The power to adopt delegated acts is conferred on the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in this Article.
2. The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in Article 2(2), Article 5(8) and (9) and Article 6(12) shall be conferred on the Commission for a period of five years from 8 June 2015. The Commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the five-year period. The delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration, unless the European Parliament or the Council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period.
3. The delegation of power referred to in Article 2(2), Article 5(8) and (9) and Article 6(12) may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council. A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the Official Journal of the European Union or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force.
4. As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the European Parliament and to the Council.
5. A delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 2(2), Article 5(8) and (9) and Article 6(12) shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.
Implementing acts
The Commission shall adopt implementing acts laying down the administrative provisions for the EC type-approval of vehicles with regard to the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system and of 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems, components and separate technical units designed and constructed for such vehicles as required by Article 5(1) regarding:
the templates for the information documents to be provided by manufacturers for the purposes of the type-approval;
the templates for the EC type-approval certificates;
the model(s) for the EC type-approval mark.
1. The Commission shall be assisted by the 'Technical Committee — Motor Vehicles' (TCMV) established by Article 40(1) of Directive 2007/46/EC. That committee is a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011.
2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.
Where the committee delivers no opinion, the Commission shall not adopt the draft implementing act and the third subparagraph of Article 5(4) of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.
1. Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to non-compliance by manufacturers with the provisions of this Regulation and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to this Regulation. They shall take all measures necessary to ensure that the penalties are implemented. The penalties provided for shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. Member States shall notify those provisions to the Commission, and shall notify it without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them.
2. The type of non-compliance which is to be subject to a penalty shall include at least the following:
making a false declaration during an approval procedure or a procedure leading to a recall;
falsifying test results for type-approval;
withholding data or technical specifications which could lead to recall, refusal or withdrawal of type-approval;
breaching provisions laid down in Article 6;
acting in breach of the provisions of Article 5(7).
Reporting and review
1. By 31 March 2021, the Commission shall prepare an evaluation report to be presented to the European Parliament and to the Council on the achievements of the 112-based eCall in-vehicle system, including its penetration rate. The Commission shall investigate whether the scope of this Regulation should be extended to other categories of vehicles, such as heavy goods vehicles, buses and coaches, powered two-wheelers, and agricultural tractors. If appropriate, the Commission shall present a legislative proposal to that effect.
2. Following a broad consultation with all relevant stakeholders and a study assessing the costs and benefits, the Commission shall assess the need of requirements for an interoperable, standardised, secure and open-access platform. If appropriate, and no later than 9 June 2017, the Commission shall adopt a legislative initiative based on those requirements.
Amendments to Directive 2007/46/EC
Annexes I, III, IV and XI to Directive 2007/46/EC are hereby amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Article 2(2), Article 5(8) and (9), Article 6(12) and (13) and Articles 8, 9, 10 and 12 shall apply from 8 June 2015.
Articles other than those referred to in the second paragraph of this Article shall apply from 31 March 2018.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Strasbourg, 29 April 2015.
For the European Parliament
M. SCHULZ
For the Council
Z. KALNIŅA-LUKAŠEVICA
(1) OJ C 341, 21.11.2013, p. 47.
(2) Position of the European Parliament of 26 February 2014 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and position of the Council at first reading of 2 March 2015 (not yet published in the Official Journal). Position of the European Parliament of 28 April 2015 (not yet published in the Official Journal).
(3) Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 September 2007 establishing a framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles (Framework Directive) (OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, p. 1).
(4) Decision No 585/2014/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the deployment of the interoperable EU-wide eCall service (OJ L 164, 3.6.2014, p. 6).
(5) Commission Recommendation 2011/750/EU of 8 September 2011 on support for an EU-wide eCall service in electronic communication networks for the transmission of in-vehicle emergency calls based on 112 ('eCalls') (OJ L 303, 22.11.2011, p. 46).
(6) Regulation (EU) No 1285/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 on the implementation and exploitation of European satellite navigation systems and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 876/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 683/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 1).
(7) Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information (OJ L 171, 29.6.2007, p. 1).
(8) Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC (OJ L 127, 29.4.2014, p. 51).
(9) Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (OJ L 281, 23.11.1995, p. 31).
(10) Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) (OJ L 201, 31.7.2002, p. 37).
(11) OJ C 326, 26.10.2012, p. 391.
(12) Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission's exercise of implementing powers (OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13).
(13) Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and the free movement of such data (OJ L 8, 12.1.2001, p. 1).
(14) OJ C 38, 8.2.2014, p. 8.
(15) Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive) (OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33).
(16) Directive 2002/22/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks and services (Universal Service Directive) (OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 51).
(17) Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on European standardisation, amending Council Directives 89/686/EEC and 93/15/EEC and Directives 94/9/EC, 94/25/EC, 95/16/EC, 97/23/EC, 98/34/EC, 2004/22/EC, 2007/23/EC, 2009/23/EC and 2009/105/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Decision 87/95/EEC and Decision No 1673/2006/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 316, 14.11.2012, p. 12).
Directive 2007/46/EC is amended as follows:
in Annex I, the following points are added:
'12.8.
eCall system
12.8.1.
Presence: yes/no (1)
technical description or drawings of the device: …'
in Annex III, Part I, section A, the following points are added:
in Annex IV, Part I is amended as follows:
the following item is added to the table:
Regulatory act
Regulation (EU) 2015/758
Appendix 1 is amended as follows:
the following item is added to Table 1:
Applicability and specific requirements
in Appendix 2, Section '4. Technical Requirements' is amended as follows:
the following item is added to Part I: Vehicles belonging to category M1:
Regulatory act reference
Regulation (EU) 2015/758 (eCall systems)
The requirements of that Regulation shall not apply.'
the following item is added to Part II: Vehicles belonging to category N1:
Annex XI is amended as follows:
in Appendix 1, the following item is added to the table:
M1 ≤ 2 500 (*) kg
M1 > 2 500 (*) kg


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Kilmainham Gaol and another look at Dublin
April 5, 2019 in Globe exploration | Tags: 1916, bus, Dublin, Dublin Castle, Easter Uprising, Guinness, jail, Kilmainham Gaol, Mulligan's Pub, Tara Street, Temple Bar | 16 comments
The view out the window of our AirBnb room on George's Quay, in central Dublin, right on the River Liffey.
Tara and I got up early and caught a city bus to the other side of downtown Dublin. On our second day Tara was feeling better so we could explore together, unlike yesterday. Our first brave thing on this trip had been taking the express bus from the airport and finding our way to the apartment without copping out and hiring a taxi. Our second brave thing was to take the city bus from the apartment to Kilmainham Gaol. We found out the bus we needed, and the stop, by using Google maps. But we didn't know the fare. While we waited for our bus, we saw fares posted on the outside of a different bus, with a note to use exact change, which we didn't have! So we hustled back to the main street, found a convenience store and asked for change for the bus, which the shopkeeper graciously complied with, no questions asked. Then we ran back to the bus stop just as our bus was arriving, and hopped on. We used the map on my phone to track our progress and hit the button to stop when we got close. As we thanked the driver, he pointed the direction we should walk for Kilmainham Gaol, and viola! We arrived on time, produced our tickets, and were ushered directly inside.
The Kilmainham Jail opened in 1796 and is important in Ireland for multiple reasons. First of all, it was the first jail to offer individual cells, men separated from women and children, and with a design of cells surrounding a central open area. Our guide explained that this was following the Panopticon design idea from Bentham, in which cells were arranged to make inmates more visible to the jailers.
The outside of Kilmainham Gaol
Walking the hallways inside.
Artwork done by famous inmate Grace Gifford Plunkett.
The open center of the jail – unlike any jail built before it.
Looking into the cells ringing the center.
Graffitti from inmate – likely on his last day there.
Kilmainham Gaol Museum is three stories high.
The jail is currently most famous for its association with imprisonment of political activists, and with the execution of 14 men following the Easter Uprising in 1916. Prior to the trip I had been trying to educate myself on Irish political history and learned about the drastic turn of Irish public sentiment from predominantly neutral on the question of Irish independence, to predominantly in favor. This was because British Troops came in and rounded anyone up that was vaguely associated with the rebellion, or that they simply felt threatened by. They held courts-martial in secret and condemned 90 people to death. Then they began executing them, a few each day, in Kilmainham Jail. One of the Irish Republican leaders, James Connolly, was so injured and sick that he could not hold himself up, and had to be tied to a chair in order to be executed. The public became more agitated each day as they heard about the murders, and finally a stop was put to the executions because elections were coming up and this was not going to help current leaders get re-elected. Our tour guide said that in her opinion, the fallout from the Easter Uprising was the event that changed the tide of Irish history.
And there we were, in the very place where it happened.
Courtyard within the jail complex.
This is the wall at which 13 men were executed in May 1916.
Except for the flag, this is what they saw before they died…if they were not blindfolded. Connolly, the 14th man, was executed down at that end, since it would have been too much trouble to drag him from that door (where he arrived in a stretcher from the hospital) all the way to this end.
We ended the tour in a wonderful museum inside the grounds, and finally went out into Dublin once more. We caught a different bus back to the room, quite comfortable with public transportation already. 😉
Cathedral spire
I found it amusing to have a farm truck on the streets of Dublin.
Attractive bank building.
Temple Bar – don't know why it's famous, but lots of people were having their photos taken here.
We wandered the streets in the Temple Bar area, since that is the area around our room. We stumbled upon Dublin Castle, and passed on the tour, but happily explored the garden nearby.
Dublin Castle tucked out of sight between city blocks.
Tara in the garden behind Dublin Castle.
Dublin Castle from the garden.
While we were in the garden it began to rain pretty hard and we got wet and even colder. The temperature had been in the low 40s all day and we had about had enough. By the time we got back to the apartment, my fingers were so frozen I couldn't feel them, and Tara had to get the key into the lock for me. We sat there and dried out a little while, then went back to Mulligan's for a pint. This time we got to chatting with the bartender and enjoyed ourselves so much we stayed for a second. A patron gave me a hard time for not having a Guinness, and he said if I was going to have one anywhere in Ireland, I needed to have it there. I asked why, and the bartender explained (it has a lot to do with freshness, and exceptionally clean lines). We had earlier decided we weren't hungry enough to have a Guinness because the beer is so heavy it makes us too full. But after the explanation, Tara and I were convinced.
Oh. I stand corrected. Guinness is a whole new thing if you have it from Mulligan's. It's a completely different drink. It's not even beer, it's so amazing. It's a creamy, delicous liquid that's in a whole separate category. It went down so easy. Yum. I can't believe the stuff in the states can be called by the same name.
We ended the night playing around on Tara Street.
Do have a pint at Mulligan's.
Tara at the Tara House, on Tara Street.