Australian Gold's SPF 15 Clear Spray Gel offers top-quality sun protection alongside great skincare. The antioxidant-rich formula containing Aloe Vera, Vitamin E, Australian Tea Tree Oil and Sunflower Seed Extracts nourishes your skin whilst you're out in the sun, keeping it moisturised and healthy. The gel consistency ensures that this sun protection absorbs into the skin quickly and without any greasy after-feel. Water resistant for up to 80 minutes, and with an easy to use, lockable, pump action spray, this is perfect for those looking for an easy-to-apply sun screen.
Does not contain Parabens, PABA, Dye, Alcohol, Hemp, Nuts, Sulphates, Mineral Oil or Gluten.
Water/Aqua/Eau, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Butylphthalimide, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, Propylene Glycol, Octocrylene, Isopropylphthalmide, Benzophenone - 3, Acrylates/C12-22 Alkyl Methacrylate Copolymer, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Perfume), Limonene, Dimethicone, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Sodium Hydroxide, Trimethylsiloxysilcate, Oleth-10, Disodium EDTA, Polysilicone - 15, Tocopheryl Acetate, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Hydroxypropyl Methyl cellulose, Sorbitan Oleate, Glycerin, Coumarin, Ethylhexylglycerin, Linalool, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Melaleuca Alternifolia, (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil, Olea Europe (Olive) Fruit Oil, Terminalia Ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Fruit Extract, Citral.
I was disappointed that it smells more of coconut than tea tree oil but it is very pleasant. It is not greasy and doesn't show. Can't comment on protection factor yet.


text:
package com.validation.manager.core.server.core;

import com.validation.manager.core.DataBaseManager;
import com.validation.manager.core.EntityServer;
import com.validation.manager.core.VMException;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.Template;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.TemplateNode;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.TemplateNodeType;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.controller.TemplateJpaController;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.controller.TemplateNodeJpaController;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.controller.exceptions.IllegalOrphanException;
import com.validation.manager.core.db.controller.exceptions.NonexistentEntityException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

/**
 *
 * @author Javier A. Ortiz Bultron javier.ortiz.78@gmail.com
 */
public final class TemplateServer extends Template
        implements EntityServer<Template> {

    private static final Logger LOG
            = Logger.getLogger(TemplateServer.class.getSimpleName());

    public TemplateServer() {
        setTemplateNodeList(new ArrayList<>());
    }

    public TemplateServer(String templateName) {
        setTemplateName(templateName);
        setTemplateNodeList(new ArrayList<>());
    }

    public TemplateServer(int id) {
        setId(id);
        update();
    }

    public TemplateServer(Template t) {
        setId(t.getId());
        if (getId() != null) {
            update();
        } else {
            update(TemplateServer.this, t);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int write2DB() throws Exception {
        TemplateJpaController c
                = new TemplateJpaController(DataBaseManager
                        .getEntityManagerFactory());
        if (getId() == null) {
            Template t = new Template();
            update(t, this);
            c.create(t);
            setId(t.getId());
        } else {
            Template t = getEntity();
            update(t, this);
            c.edit(t);
        }
        update();
        return getId();
    }

    @Override
    public Template getEntity() {
        return new TemplateJpaController(DataBaseManager
                .getEntityManagerFactory()).findTemplate(getId());
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Template target, Template source) {
        target.setId(source.getId());
        target.setTemplateName(source.getTemplateName());
        target.setTemplateNodeList(source.getTemplateNodeList());
        target.setProjectTypeId(source.getProjectTypeId());
    }

    @Override
    public void update() {
        update(this, getEntity());
    }

    public TemplateNode addNode(String name, TemplateNodeType type)
            throws Exception {
        TemplateNode node = new TemplateNode(getId(), type.getId());
        node.setNodeName(name);
        node.setTemplate(getEntity());
        node.setTemplateNodeType(type);
        new TemplateNodeJpaController(DataBaseManager
                .getEntityManagerFactory()).create(node);
        getTemplateNodeList().add(node);
        write2DB();
        return node;
    }

    public void addChildNode(TemplateNode parent, TemplateNode child,
            boolean persist) throws Exception {
        assert parent != null : "Null parent";
        assert child != null : "Null child";
        parent.getTemplateNodeList().add(child);
        if (persist) {
            TemplateNodeJpaController c
                    = new TemplateNodeJpaController(DataBaseManager
                            .getEntityManagerFactory());
            c.edit(parent);
            c.edit(child);
        } else {
            child.setTemplateNode(parent);
        }
    }

    public void delete() throws VMException {
        try {
            TemplateNodeJpaController c
                    = new TemplateNodeJpaController(DataBaseManager
                            .getEntityManagerFactory());
            getTemplateNodeList().forEach(node -> {
                try {
                    c.destroy(node.getTemplateNodePK());
                } catch (NonexistentEntityException ex) {
                    LOG.log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }
            });
            new TemplateJpaController(DataBaseManager
                    .getEntityManagerFactory()).destroy(getId());
        } catch (IllegalOrphanException | NonexistentEntityException ex) {
            LOG.log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            throw new VMException(ex);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
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Newsroom Home / SEBS Institutes and Centers / New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health / Leadership Changes at New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health
Leadership Changes at New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health
October 2, 2018 by Office of Communications
Message from Bob Goodman, executive dean of the Rutgers School of Environmental and Biological Sciences.
I am delighted to announce the appointment, effective immediately, of Professor Gloria Dominguez-Bello to be the interim director of the New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health.
Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello. Photo: Jeff Heckman
Gloria joined Rutgers earlier this year as the Henry Rutgers Professor of Microbiome and Health. Her tenure home is in the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, with a joint appointment in the Department of Anthropology, School of Arts and Sciences. She previously was on the faculty of the New York University School of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine.
Her current work focuses on the establishment and functions of human microbiomes in infancy as determined by route of birth (via the birth canal or by C-section), as well as comparisons of human microbiomes across human populations, for example the spectrum of just-contacted hunter-gatherer societies and modern urban societies. Impact on microbiota transmission and colonization, such as C-section and hygienic practices, is another area of her recent contributions. Learn more about Gloria's work here.
Peter Gillies, director of IFNH
I would also like to acknowledge broadly, as I have on several occasions in smaller venues, the seminal contributions of the NJIFNH's founding director, Professor Peter Gillies. Peter has been tireless in his efforts, from fundraising and planning for the IFNH's iconic home on Dudley Road on the Cook Campus, to networking throughout the university and beyond, and building alliances and partnerships that are the signature of this important initiative. Peter received a fond farewell from faculty and staff.
Filed Under: New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health
Rutgers President Jonathan Holloway's résumé boasts many significant achievements. After touring Cook campus farm this summer with Rebecca Potosky, senior research animal care technician with the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, he now has another skill to add to his CV…goat milking!
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Natural Law and Legal Definition
Luminous▼SovereignApr 28, 2018, 1:37:25 PM
The unwritten body of universal moral principles that underlie the ethical and legal norms by which human conduct is sometimes evaluated and governed. Natural law is often contrasted with positive law, which consists of the written rules and regulations enacted by government. The term natural law is derived from the Roman term jus naturale. Adherents to natural law philosophy are known as naturalists.
Naturalists believe that natural law principles are an inherent part of nature and exist regardless of whether government recognizes or enforces them. Naturalists further believe that governments must incorporate natural law principles into their legal systems before justice can be achieved. There are three schools of natural law theory: divine natural law, secular natural law, and historical natural law.
Divine natural law represents the system of principles believed to have been revealed or inspired by God or some other supreme and supernatural being. These divine principles are typically reflected by authoritative religious writings such as Scripture. Secular natural law represents the system of principles derived from the physical, biological, and behavioral laws of nature as perceived by the human intellect and elaborated through reason. Historical natural law represents the system of principles that has evolved over time through the slow accretion of custom, tradition, and experience. Each school of natural law influenced the Founding Fathers during the nascent years of U.S. law in the eighteenth century and continue to influence the decision-making process of state and federal courts today.
Divine Natural Law
Proponents of divine natural law contend that law must be made to conform to the commands they believe were laid down or inspired by God, or some other deity, who governs according to principles of compassion, truth, and justice. These naturalists assert that the legitimacy of any enacted human law must be measured by its consonance with divine principles of right and wrong. Such principles can be found in various Scriptures, church doctrine, papal decrees, and the decisions of ecclesiastical courts and councils. Human laws that are inconsistent with divine principles of morality, naturalists maintain, are invalid and should neither be enforced nor obeyed. St. Thomas Aquinas, a theologian and philosopher from the thirteenth century, was a leading exponent of divine natural law.
According to Judeo-Christian belief and the Old Testament, the Ten Commandments, were delivered to Moses by God on Mount Sinai. These ten laws represent one example of divine natural law. The Bible and Torah are thought by many to be other sources of divine natural law because their authors are said to have been inspired by a divine spirit. Some Christians point to the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, which was applied by the ecclesiastical courts of Europe during the Middle Ages, as another source of divine natural law.
Before the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century, Europe was divided into two competing jurisdictions—secular and religious. The emperors, kings, and queens of Europe governed the secular jurisdiction, and the pope presided over the religious jurisdiction. The idea that monarchs ruled by "divine right" allowed the secular jurisdiction to acquire some of the authority of religious jurisdiction. Moreover, the notion that a "higher law" transcends the rules enacted by human institutions and that government is bound by this law, also known as the Rule of Law, fermented during the struggle between the secular and religious powers in Europe before the American Revolution. For example, Henry de Bracton, an English judge and scholar from the thirteenth century, wrote that a court's allegiance to the law and to God is above its allegiance to any ruler or lawmaker.
The influence of divine natural law pervaded the colonial period of U.S. law. In 1690 English philosopher John Locke wrote that all people are born with the inherent rights to life, liberty, and estate. These rights are not unlimited, Locke said, and may only be appropriated according to the fair share earned by the labor of each person. Gluttony and waste of individual liberty are not permitted, Locke argued, because "[n]othing is made by God for man to spoil or destroy."
In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson, borrowing from Locke, wrote that "all men are created equal … and are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights … [including] life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." Jefferson identified the freedom of thought as one of the inalienable rights when he said, "Almighty God has created the mind free, and manifested his supreme will that free it shall remain by making it altogether insusceptible of restraint." In Powell v. Pennsylvania, 127 U.S. 678, 8 S. Ct. 1257, 32 L. Ed. 253 (1888), the Supreme Court recognized the importance of the divine influence in early U.S. law, stating that the "right to pursue happiness is placed by the Declaration of Independence among the inalienable rights of man, not by the grace of emperors or kings, or by the force of legislative or constitutional enactments, but by the Creator."
The U.S. Constitution altered the relationship between law and religion. Article VI establishes the Constitution as the supreme law of the land. The First Amendment prohibits the government from establishing a religion, which means that a law may not advance one religion at the expense of another or prefer a general belief in religion to irreligion, atheism, or agnosticism. Although the Supremacy and Establishment Clauses seemingly preclude the judiciary from grounding a decision on Scripture or religious doctrine, state and federal courts have occasionally referred to various sources of divine natural law.
Secular Natural Law
The school of natural law known as secular natural law replaces the divine laws of God with the physical, biological, and behavioral laws of nature as understood by human reason. This school theorizes about the uniform and fixed rules of nature, particularly human nature, to identify moral and ethical norms. Influenced by the rational empiricism of the seventeenth-and eighteenth-century Enlightenment thinkers who stressed the importance of observation and experiment in arriving at reliable and demonstrable truths, secular natural law elevates the capacity of the human intellect over the spiritual authority of religion.
Many secular natural law theorists base their philosophy upon hypotheses about human behavior in the state of nature, a primitive stage in human evolution before the creation of governmental institutions and other complex societal organizations. In the state of nature, John Locke wrote, human beings live according to three principles—liberty, equality, and self-preservation. Because no government exists in the state of nature to offer police protection or regulate the distribution of goods and benefits, each individual has a right to self-preservation that he or she may exercise on equal footing with everyone else.
This right includes the liberties to enjoy a peaceful life, accumulate wealth and property, and otherwise satisfy personal needs and desires consistent with the coterminous liberties of others. Anyone who deprives another person of his or her rights in the state of nature, Locke argued, violates the principle of equality. Ultimately, Locke wrote, the state of nature proves unsatisfying. Human liberty is neither equally fulfilled nor protected. Because individuals possess the liberty to delineate the limits of their own personal needs and desires in the state of nature, greed, narcissism, and self-interest eventually rise to the surface, causing irrational and excessive behavior and placing human safety at risk. Thus, Locke concluded, the law of nature leads people to establish a government that is empowered to protect life, liberty, and property.
Lockean Jurisprudence has manifested itself in the decisions of the Supreme Court. In Powell v. Pennsylvania, 127 U.S. 678, 8 S. Ct. 1257, 32 L. Ed. 253 (1888), Justice stephen j. field wrote that he had "always supposed that the gift of life was accompanied by the right to seek and produce food, by which life can be preserved and enjoyed, in all ways not encroaching upon the equal rights of others." In another case the Supreme Court said that the "rights of life and personal liberty are the natural rights of man. To secure these rights … governments are instituted among men" (U.S. v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542, 2 Otto 542, 23 L. Ed. 588 [1875]).
In the spirit of Lockean natural law, the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution prohibit the government from taking "life, liberty, or property without due process of law." The concept of "due process" has been a continuing source of natural law in constitutional jurisprudence. If Lockean natural law involves theorizing about the scope of human liberty in the state of nature, constitutional natural law involves theorizing about the scope of liberty protected by the Due Process Clauses of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments.
On their face the Due Process Clauses appear to offer only procedural protection, guaranteeing litigants the right to be informed of any legal action being taken against them and the opportunity to be heard during an impartial hearing where relevant claims and defenses may be asserted. In the 200 years following the writing of the Constitution, however, federal courts interpreted the Due Process Clauses to provide substantive protection against Arbitrary and discriminatory governmental encroachment of fundamental liberties. Similar to the rational empiricism by which Enlightenment thinkers identified Human Rights in the state of nature, federal judges have identified the liberties protected by the Due Process Clauses through a reasoned elaboration of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments.
The federal judiciary has described the liberty interest protected by the Due Process Clauses as an interest guaranteeing a number of individual freedoms, including the right to personal autonomy, bodily integrity, self-dignity, and self-determination (Gray v. Romeo, 697 F. Supp. 580 [1988]). The word liberty, the Supreme Court stated, means something more than freedom from physical restraint. "It means freedom to go where one may choose, and to act in such manner … as his judgment may dictate for the promotion of his happiness … [while pursuing] such callings and avocations as may be most suitable to develop his capacities, and give to them their highest enjoyment" (munn v. illinois, 94 U.S. 113, 4 Otto 113, 24 L. Ed. 77 [1876] [Field, J., dissenting]).
The full breadth of constitutional liberty, the Supreme Court has said, is best explained as a rational continuum safeguarding every facet of human freedom from arbitrary impositions and purposeless restraints (Poe v. Ullman, 367 U.S. 497, 81 S. Ct. 1752, 6 L. Ed. 2d 989 [1961]). The government may not intrude upon this liberty unless it can demonstrate a persuasive countervailing interest. However, the more that the U.S. legal system cherishes a particular freedom, the less likely a court is to enforce a law that infringes upon it.
In this regard the Supreme Court has identified certain fundamental rights that qualify for heightened judicial protection against laws threatening to restrict them. This list of fundamental rights includes most of the specific freedoms enumerated in the Bill of Rights, as well as the freedom of association; the right to vote and participate in the electoral process; the right to marry, procreate, and rear children; and the right to privacy. The right to privacy, which is not expressly enumerated anywhere in the Constitution, guarantees the freedom of adults to use Birth Control (griswold v. connecticut, 381 U.S. 479, 85 S. Ct. 1678, 14 L. Ed. 2d 510 [1965]) and the right of women to terminate their pregnancy before the fetus becomes viable (roe v. wade, 410 U.S. 113, 93 S. Ct. 705, 35 L. Ed. 2d 147 [1973]).
During the 1990s the right to privacy was enlarged to recognize the right of certain terminally ill or mentally incompetent persons to refuse medical treatment. In Cruzan v. Missouri Department of Health, 497 U.S. 261, 110 S. Ct. 2841, 111 L. Ed. 2d 224 (1990), the Supreme Court ruled that a person who is in a persistent vegetative state, marked by the absence of any significant cognitive abilities, may seek to terminate life-sustaining measures, including artificial nutrition and hydration equipment, through a parent, spouse, or other appropriate guardian who demonstrates that the incompetent person previously expressed a clear desire to discontinue medical treatment under such circumstances.
The Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit later cited Cruzan in support of its decision establishing the right of competent but terminally ill patients to hasten their death by refusing medical treatment when the final stages of life are wrought with pain and indignity (Compassion in Dying v. Washington, 79 F.3d 790 [9th Cir. 1996]). However, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that physicians possess no due process right to assist terminally ill patients in accelerating their death by prescribing a lethal dose of narcotics (Quill v. Vacco, 80 F.3d 716 [2d Cir. 1996]). Similarly, in a notorious case involving Dr. Jack Kevorkian, the Michigan Supreme Court ruled that patients have no due process right to physician-assisted suicide (People v. Kevorkian, 447 Mich. 436, 527 N. W. 2d 714 [1994]).
In the Cruzan decision, the manner in which the Supreme Court recognized a qualified right to die reflects the Enlightenment tradition of secular natural law. Where Locke inferred the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and property from observing human behavior, the Supreme Court said in Cruzan that "a Constitutionally protected liberty interest in refusing unwanted medical treatment may be inferred from our prior decisions."
For example, in Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11, 25 S. Ct. 358, 49 L. Ed. 643 (1905), the Supreme Court protected the constitutional right of a person to decline a smallpox vaccination that was required by state law. In Washington v. Harper, 494 U.S. 210, 110 S. Ct. 1028, 108 L. Ed. 2d 178 (1990), the Court ruled that the liberty interest guaranteed by the Due Process Clauses prohibits the government from compelling prisoners to take antipsychotic drugs. These cases, as well as others, the Supreme Court reasoned in Cruzan, establish that all U.S. citizens have a general right to refuse unwanted medical treatment, which includes the specific right of certain mentally incompetent and terminally ill persons to hasten their death.
Historical Natural Law
Another school of natural law is known as historical natural law. According to this school, law must be made to conform with the well-established, but unwritten, customs, traditions, and experiences that have evolved over the course of history. Historical natural law has played an integral role in the development of the Anglo-American system of justice. When King James I attempted to assert the absolute power of the British monarchy during the seventeenth century, for example, English jurist Sir Edward Coke argued that the sovereignty of the crown was limited by the ancient liberties of the English people, immemorial custom, and the rights prescribed by Magna Charta in 1215.
Magna Charta also laid the cornerstone for many U.S. constitutional liberties. The Supreme Court has traced the origins of grand juries, petit juries, and the writ of Habeas Corpus to Magna Charta. The Eighth Amendment proportionality analysis, which requires that criminal sanctions bear some reasonable relationship to the seriousness of the offense, was foreshadowed by the Magna Charta prohibition of excessive fines (Solem v. Helm, 463 U.S. 277, 103 S. Ct. 3001, 77 L. Ed. 2d 637 [1983]). The concept of due process was inherited from the requirement in Magna Charta that all legal proceedings comport with the "law of the land" (in re winship, 397 U.S. 358, 90 S. Ct. 1068, 25 L. Ed. 2d 368 [1970]). Due Process of Law, the Supreme Court has observed, contains both procedural and historical aspects that tend to converge in criminal cases (rochin v. california, 342 U.S. 165, 72 S. Ct. 205, 96 L. Ed. 183 [1952]). Procedurally, due process guarantees criminal defendants a fair trial. Historically, due process guarantees that no defendant may be convicted of a crime unless the government can prove his or her guilt Beyond a Reasonable Doubt. Although the reasonable doubt standard can be found nowhere in the express language of the Constitution, the Supreme Court has said that the demand for a higher degree of persuasion in criminal cases has been repeatedly expressed since "ancient times" through the common-law tradition and is now "embodied in the Constitution" (In re Winship).
The legacy of the trial of John Peter Zenger, 17 Howell's State Trials 675, further illustrates the symbiotic relationship between history and the law. In 1735, Zenger, the publisher of the New York Weekly Journal, was charged with libeling the governor of New York. At trial Zenger admitted that he had published the allegedly harmful article but argued that the article was not libelous because it contained no inaccurate statements. However, in the American colonies, truth was not considered a defense to libel actions. Nonetheless, despite Zenger's admission of harmful publication and lack of a cognizable legal defense, the jury acquitted him.
The Zenger acquittal spawned two ideas that have become entrenched in U.S. jurisprudence.
First, the acquittal gave birth to the idea that truth is indeed a defense to accusations of libel. This defense received constitutional protection under the First Amendment in new york times v. sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 84 S. Ct. 710, 11 L. Ed. 2d 686 (1964). Looking back, the Supreme Court came to describe the Zenger trial as "the earliest and most famous American experience with freedom of the press" (McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission, 514 U.S. 334, 115 S. Ct. 1511, 131 L. Ed. 2d 426, [1995]).
The Zenger trial is also the progenitor of Jury Nullification, which is the power of a jury, as the conscience of the community, to acquit defendants against whom there is over-whelming evidence of guilt in order to challenge a specific law, prevent oppression, or otherwise achieve justice. For example, the Zenger jurors issued an acquittal despite what amounted to a confession by the defendant in open court. Some observers have compared the Zenger trial to the trial of O. J. Simpson, in which the former football star was acquitted of a double Homicide notwithstanding DNA Evidence linking him to the crimes. According to these observers, johnnie cochran, defense attorney for Simpson, implored the jurors to ignore the evidence against his client and render a verdict that would send a message denouncing police corruption, perjury, and racism.
All three schools of natural law have influenced the development of U.S. law from colonial to modern times. In many ways the creation and ratification of the Constitution replaced Scripture and religion as the ultimate source of law in the United States. The federal Constitution makes the people the fundamental foundation of authority in the U.S. system of government. Many of the Framers characterized the Constitution as containing "sacred and inviolate" truths. In the same vein, Thomas Paine described the Constitution as a "political Bible."
In 1728 many Americans understood that the Common Law encompassed the Law of Nature, the Law of Reason, and the Revealed Law of God, which are equally binding at all times, in all places, and to all persons. The law of history could have been added to this list. Between 1776 and 1784, 11 of the original 13 states made some allowance for the adoption of the English common law. One federal court said that the Constitution "did not create any new rights to life, liberty or due process. These rights had existed for Englishmen since Magna Charta. The Declaration of Independence … merely declared and established these rights for the American colonies" (Screven County v. Brier Creek Hunting & Fishing Club, 202 F. 2d 369 [5th Cir. 1953]). Thus, natural law in the United States may be best understood as the integration of history, secular reason, and divine inspiration.
Natural law, in philosophy, a system of right or justice held to be common to all humans and derived from nature rather than from the rules of society, or positive law.
There have been several disagreements over the meaning of natural law and its relation to positive law. Aristotle (384–322 bce) held that what was "just by nature" was not always the same as what was "just by law," that there was a natural justice valid everywhere with the same force and "not existing by people's thinking this or that," and that appeal could be made to it from positive law. However, he drew his examples of natural law primarily from his observation of the Greeks in their city-states, who subordinated women to men, slaves to citizens, and "barbarians" to Hellenes. In contrast, the Stoics conceived of an entirely egalitarian law of nature in conformity with the logos (reason) inherent in the human mind. Roman jurists paid lip service to this notion, which was reflected in the writings of St. Paul (c. 10–67 ce), who described a law "written in the hearts" of the Gentiles (Romans 2:14–15).
Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer, oil on canvas by Rembrandt van Rijn, 1653
St. Augustine of Hippo (354–430) embraced Paul's notion and developed the idea of man's having lived freely under natural law before his fall and subsequent bondage under sin and positive law. In the 12th century, Gratian, an Italian monk and father of the study of canon law, equated natural law with divine law—that is, with the revealed law of the Old and the New Testament, in particular the Christian version of the Golden Rule.
St. Thomas Aquinas (c. 1224/25–1274) propounded an influential systematization, maintaining that, though the eternal law of divine reason is unknowable to us in its perfection as it exists in God's mind, it is known to us in part not only by revelation but also by the operations of our reason. The law of nature, which is "nothing else than the participation of the eternal law in the rational creature," thus comprises those precepts that humankind is able to formulate—namely, the preservation of one's own good, the fulfillment of "those inclinations which nature has taught to all animals," and the pursuit of the knowledge of God. Human law must be the particular application of natural law.
Other scholastic thinkers, including the Franciscan philosophers John Duns Scotus (1266–1308) and William of Ockham (c. 1285–1347/49) and the Spanish theologian Francisco Suárez (1548–1617), emphasized divine will instead of divine reason as the source of law. This "voluntarism" influenced the Roman Catholic jurisprudence of the Counter-Reformation in the 16th and early 17th centuries, but the Thomistic doctrine was later revived and reinforced to become the main philosophical ground for the papal exposition of natural right in the social teaching of Pope Leo XIII (1810–1903) and his successors.
In an epoch-making appeal, Hugo Grotius (1583–1645) claimed that nations were subject to natural law. Whereas his fellow Calvinist Johannes Althusius (1557–1638) had proceeded from theological doctrines of predestination to elaborate his theory of a universally binding law, Grotius insisted on the validity of the natural law "even if we were to suppose…that God does not exist or is not concerned with human affairs." A few years later Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679), starting from the assumption of a savage "state of nature" in which each man was at war with every other—rather than from the "state of innocence" in which man had lived in the biblical Garden of Eden—defined the right of nature (jus naturale) to be "the liberty each man hath to use his own power for the preservation of his own nature, that is to say, of life," and a law of nature (lex naturalis) as "a precept or general rule found out by reason, by which a man is forbidden to do that which is destructive of his life."
He then enumerated the elementary rules on which peace and society could be established. Thus, Grotius and Hobbes stand together at the head of that "school of natural law" that, in accordance with the tendencies of the Enlightenment, tried to construct a whole edifice of law by rational deduction from a hypothetical "state of nature" and a "social contract" of consent between rulers and subjects. John Locke (1632–1704) departed from Hobbesian pessimism to the extent of describing the state of nature as a state of society, with free and equal men already observing the natural law. In France Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu (1689–1755) argued that natural laws were presocial and superior to those of religion and the state, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–78) postulated a savage who was virtuous in isolation and actuated by two principles "prior to reason": self-preservation and compassion (innate repugnance to the sufferings of others).
The confidence in appeals to natural law displayed by 17th- and 18th-century writers such as Locke and the authors of the American Declaration of Independence evaporated in the early 19th century. The philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), as well as the utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832), served to weaken the belief that "nature" could be the source of moral or legal norms. In the mid-20th century, however, there was a revival of interest in natural law, sparked by the widespread belief that the Nazi regime of Adolf Hitler, which ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945, had been essentially lawless, even though it also had been the source of a significant amount of positive law. As in previous centuries, the need to challenge the unjust laws of particular states inspired the desire to invoke rules of right and justice held to be natural rather than merely conventional. However, the 19th century's skepticism about invoking nature as a source of moral and legal norms remained powerful, and contemporary writers almost invariably talked of human rights rather than natural rights.
Berman, Harold J. 1983. Law and Revolution: The Formation of the Western Legal Tradition. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.
George, Robert P., ed. 2003 Natural Law. Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate/Dartmouth.
Harris, Philip Anthony. 2002. The Distinction Between Law and Ethics in Natural Law Theory. Lewiston, N.Y.: Edwin Mellen Press.
Horwitz, Morton J. 1992. The Transformation of American Law, 1780–1860. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
Levy, Leonard W. 1963. Jefferson and Civil Liberties: The Darker Side. Chicago: Elephant Paperback.
Locke, John. 1980. (First printed in 1690.) Second Treatise on Government. Indianapolis: Hacket Publishing.
Norberto, Bobbio. 1993. Thomas Hobbes and the Natural Law Tradition. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
Pierce, Christine. 2001. Immovable Laws, Irresistible Rights: Natural Law, Moral Rights, and Feminist Ethics. Lawrence: Univ. Press of Kansas.
Pojman, Louis P. 1995. Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth.
Weinreb, Lloyd. 1987. Natural Law and Justice. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press.
Wood, Gordon S. 1972. The Creation of the American Republic: 1776–1787. New York: Norton.
Zuckert, Michael P. 1994. Natural Rights and the New Republicanism. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press.
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Ce drip top donne un look très sympa et compact au maverick ! J'adore. Il est préférable cependant de l'utiliser sur le top cap ultem .
I never have any complaints of the gear I get from Hellfire, everything is always top shelf.
Much lower profile than I would usually use, but it works an absolute treat on the mav. Seems more fitting using this as it suits the slammed cap better and is really comfortable to use.


text:
Finance, need to excel and powerpoint
Purchase Evaluation (100 points)
Management is considering acquiring new office space by purchasing Zone A property which would cost $5,000,000 to buy today.
It has been estimated they could sell the Zone A property in 8 years for $8,500,000.
They will have to take a loan and pay an interest rate of 7.5% on that loan.
What is the Present Value of the sale proceeds from the Zone A property?
Should the fund purchase the Zone A property and if so, why?
The health fund realize they could rent out part of the one A property that is surplus to requirements and receive rent of $350,000 per year.
What is the Present Value of the sale proceeds from the Zone A property with rent?
Should the fund purchase the Zone A property with rent and if so why?
They receive a new offer of another building, the Zone B property but with slightly different conditions.
It costs $500,000 less to purchase
The rent to be received would be $150,000 less per year, however, the interest charged on the loan would be 1% less per year.
The Zone B property could be sold in 6.5 years, but they would receive $1,000,000 less than the Zone A property
What is the Present Value of the sale proceeds from the Zone B property?
Which is more attractive, the Zone A property (with rent) or the Zone B property?
The health fund has surplus funds available of $3,000,000 and can invest the funds earning 8% per annum
How long would it take for them to have enough money to purchase outright
The Zone A Property
The Zone B Property
The health fund finds it only has $2,75,000 to invest but can utilize an alternative investment and earn 9.5% per annum
How long would it take for them to have money to purchase outright
You must show all your calculations for credit. Your calculations for this assignment must be submitted as a separate Excel file.
Prepare a PowerPoint presentation outlining all these scenarios and be sure to highlight the importance of the time value of money as one of the considerations.
Make a recommendation as to which scenario you feel is the best option and outline your reasoning for that determination. Also, explain if you consider there may be other factors that should be considered.
The PowerPoint presentation must meet the following structural requirements. In addition to the slide presentation, submit the Excel spreadsheet with your calculations.
Your presentation should meet the following structural requirements:
Organized, using professional themes and transitions.
It should consist of nine slides, not including the title and reference slides.
Each slide must provide detailed speaker's notes, with a minimum of 100 words per slide. Notes must draw from and cite relevant reference materials.
Provide support for your statements with in-text citations from a minimum of six scholarly articles. Two of these sources may be from the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but the other four must be external. The Saudi Digital Library is a good place to find these references.
Follow APA 7th edition and Saudi Electronic University writing standards.
https://helpwithessaywriting.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/whatsapp-logo.jpeg 0 0 Helpwithessaywriting https://helpwithessaywriting.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/whatsapp-logo.jpeg Helpwithessaywriting2022-01-06 15:33:032022-01-06 15:33:03Finance, need to excel and powerpoint
Prompt: milestone two should contain the following sections: The cios have provided information on the anomalous activity. enter


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text:
Q: Remove multiple objects from nested array 4 please, help in my attempt to clean my documents from corrupted sub-objects , few solutions proposed in previous questions work for most of the cases , but there is specific cases where there is more objects at same nested level that shall not be cleaned:
Example document:
 {
"_id": ObjectId("5c05984246a0201286d4b57a"),
f: "x",
"_a": [
  {
    "_onlineStore": {}
  },
  {
    "_p": {
      "s": {
        "a": {
          "t": [
            {
              id: 1,
              "dateP": "20200-09-20",
              did: "x",
              dst: "y",
              den: "z"
            },
            {
              id: 2,
              "dateP": "20200-09-20"
            }
          ]
        },
        "c": {
          "t": [
            {
              id: 3,
              "dateP": "20300-09-22"
            },
            {
              id: 4,
              "dateP": "20300-09-23",
              did: "x",
              dst: "y",
              den: "z"
            },
            {
              id: 5,
              "dateP": "20300-09-23"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      h: "This is cleaned but it shauld not"
    }
  }
  ]
 }

All objects where did,dst,den are missing from _a._p.s.[a|c|d].t need to be removed ,
expected result:
[
{
"_a": [
  {
    "_onlineStore": {}
  },
  {
    "_p": {
      "s": {
        "a": {
          "t": [
            {
              "dateP": "20200-09-20",
              "den": "z",
              "did": "x",
              "dst": "y",
              "id": 1
            }
          ]
        },
        "c": {
          "t": [
            {
              "dateP": "20300-09-23",
              "den": "z",
              "did": "x",
              "dst": "y",
              "id": 4
            }
          ]
        }
      },
       h: "This is cleaned but it shauld not"
    }
  }
],
"_id": ObjectId("5c05984246a0201286d4b57a"),
"f": "x"
}
]

Very good solutions provided by @nimrod serok & @rickhg12hs here: , but unfortunatelly not working for all cases , for example for cases where there is more key/values at the level "_a._p" beside "s"  the other key/values beside "s" are cleaned like _a._p.h:"..." in the example , please, advice if there is any easy option to be solved with mongo update query?
Playground example

A: One option is to add $mergeObjects to the party:
db.collection.update({},
[
  {
    "$set": {
      "_a": {
        "$map": {
          "input": "$_a",
          "as": "elem",
          "in": {
            "$cond": [
              {
                $or: [
                  {
                    "$eq": [
                      {
                        "$type": "$$elem._p"
                      },
                      "missing"
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "$eq": [
                      {
                        "$type": "$$elem._p.s"
                      },
                      "missing"
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              "$$elem",
              {
                $mergeObjects: [
                  "$$elem._p",
                  {
                    "s": {
                      "$arrayToObject": {
                        "$map": {
                          "input": {
                            "$objectToArray": "$$elem._p.s"
                          },
                          "as": "anyKey",
                          "in": {
                            "k": "$$anyKey.k",
                            "v": {
                              "t": {
                                "$filter": {
                                  "input": "$$anyKey.v.t",
                                  "as": "t",
                                  "cond": {
                                    "$setIsSubset": [
                                      [
                                        "did",
                                        "dst",
                                        "den"
                                      ],
                                      {
                                        "$map": {
                                          "input": {
                                            "$objectToArray": "$$t"
                                          },
                                          "in": "$$this.k"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ]
                                  }
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
],
{
  "multi": true
})

See how it works on the playground example

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This girl of mine: she continues to amaze me each day. It's like she got the best of her Dad and myself- then improved upon those traits. And yet, she's her very own person, one-of-a-kind, and so much fun! I'm a proud mama.
High school graduation is quickly approaching. This milestone is bittersweet. What an honor and a privilege it has been to watch my daughter grow into the person she is today. I'm excited to see what's next for her and also a little sad to say goodbye to her childhood. Mostly, though, it's gratitude that overwhelms me right now.
I'm a proud mom. But more than that, I'm humbled.
Eighteen years ago, fiercely independent (and in labor), I drove myself to where her Dad was, so we could go to the hospital together.
It didn't take long to realize that parenting was going to be both harder (and more wonderful) than I ever could have imagined. Over time, I needed to set aside some of that fierce independence and adopt a little more humility. I couldn't do everything on my own- not if I wanted to give my daughter what was best for her.
It takes a village to raise a child. And it's to the "village" that I want to say thank you. My daughter is a great kid. As parents, my husband and I are proud- but we both know, the credit must be shared.
Many of you will never know how your actions have touched the life of a child in a positive way (and in turn, the lives of the people who love that child). Please know you are appreciated and loved. There were many of you who helped us along the way, who've loved our girl, taught her, encouraged, and inspired her. Thank you.
To the church nursery volunteer who held my baby for an hour each week so I could go to the service, you gently told this tired mom that, "babies cry...and it's okay". You were right. It seems so simple now- but as a new mama who thought her baby's crying signaled her personal failure as a mother, those words were like a life raft thrown to a drowning woman.
To Great Grandma, you showered my baby girl with beautiful clothes and gifts, you helped us with our down payment on our first home. We needed that helping hand and we appreciated it.
To our extended family, Grandmas, Grandpas, Aunts, and Uncles…you've all been a source of love and support. We wouldn't want to do it without you.
To the school teachers, you are heroes. I know that what you do is hard (and you that don't get paid nearly enough). You have one of the most important jobs that exist. You're shaping our future. But on a more personal level, thank you for loving my child. My girl has had some great teachers, teachers who have taken the time to show interest in who she is as an individual, who have nurtured her natural curiosity and love for learning and have helped her to grow intellectually.
To the dance teachers and coaches, it was always about much more than dance. You were teaching her about life. You were teaching her about discipline, poise under pressure, hard work, setting and completing goals, and about teamwork. One of you has spent so much time with her that you've almost been like a second mom.
To children's librarians, babysitters, Sunday-school teachers, youth pastors, music teachers, kind neighbors, fellow parents who hosted parties and sleepovers, those who volunteered in classrooms and after-school activities, camp counselors, doctors, nurses, swim instructors, friends, and the taxpayers who voted to fund the great schools and parks…thank you. I know I'm barely scratching the surface as I name the different people who have played a part in my daughter's life. There have been so many.
@@There are so many good and caring people who invest themselves into the lives of children.@@ These are people who make this world a sweeter place. These are people worth honoring.
As we approach the time of year when another class of high school graduates prepares to take their diplomas and begin a new chapter of their lives, let's be sure to celebrate our kids and their accomplishments. This next generation has a bright future ahead of them. These are amazing kids, widely known for their empathy, compassion, and some really sharp minds. We have a lot we can be proud of.
Maybe you're a parent, like me, who's getting ready to say goodbye to the childhood years, or perhaps your kids have been grown for some time. Take a moment to say thank you to the people who helped you along the way. You could pass along the kindness you've been shown by helping another parent or child. Not everyone has family around to help love and support them as they care for their children. Get involved. Here's where we have an opportunity to show love. Please, don't let it pass by.
My daughter's senior year of high school has brought out all my big feelings. I'm not usually an emotionally demonstrative kind of person, but I'm warning you- if you're one of the dear people who helps kids, anyone's kids, and if you see me anytime between now and my daughter's graduation, you're likely to get a hug from me.
This article is also published on the parenting website, Grown and Flown.


a stretch of turquoise gems wire wrapped by hand with sterling silver wire join with a delicate yet sturdy oxidized sterling silver chain. Simply stunning! The large floating sterling silver coiled bead and misc floating accents make this bracelet unforgettable!


With rainfall warnings issued for a chunk of the island again today — the Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment Canada are warning of pooling water and potential washouts.
The effects of heavy rain in southern and central areas of Newfoundland are leading to road closures and fear of further flooding and washouts.
Gary Hickman, deputy mayor Milltown-Head of Bay d'Espoir, estimates the town has gotten between 140 and 150 millimetres of rain as of Sunday afternoon, with more on the way.
He says there's what looks "like a waterfall" passing over Milltown Route 361-10.
"We've got one road closed, from Milltown to Morrisville, because it's overflowing at the boat launch, over the culverts," said Hickman.
"And we've got three other places that are almost ready to go too. They're at their limits, but they're still holding."
He said there is an alternate dirt road that could be used if necessary while part of Route 361 is closed.
Hickman said it's "all hands on deck" in the town Sunday, with an ambulance, the fire department and the Lion's Club all ready to provide support if necessary.
The area is all too familiar with flooding after it was hit with severe rain and washouts in 2016, but the deputy mayor said the culverts and roads handling water better than two years ago, and there is no concern about houses flooding just yet.
With rainfall warnings continued for a chunk of the island again Sunday— the Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment Canada warned of pooling water and potential washouts.
Mike Vanden Berg, meteorologist at the Gander weather office, told CBC Radio's Weekend AM Sunday that between 100 and 150 millimetres could fall in the areas of the Connaigre Peninsula and the Buchans Highway.
Vanden Berg said this "intense system" will gradually move eastward through the day.
"It'll continue pushing east into Connaigre and up the Gander by this afternoon, and we're expecting the heaviest rain to push into the western Avalon by this evening," he said.
"And amounts are probably going to be somewhere in the neighbourhood of 10 millimetres per hour at times, so [there's] going to be a lot of pooling water, especially around the Connaigre area, and maybe some road washouts. It's going to be nasty."
Environment Canada reported that as of 7:30 a.m. Sunday, 58 mm had fallen in Stephenville, 50 mm in Corner Brook, 41 mm in St. Alban's, 34 mm at Wreckhouse, and 30 mm at Port aux Basques.
Burgeo Fire Chief Glenn Hann says they had steady rain through the night, with 34 millimetres recorded at 7:30 a.m.
Hann said the town is prepared to deal with any washout situations that may arise.
Frank Hoskins, who works for the town of St. Alban's, told CBC they haven't witnessed a flash flood or heavy rain, just a steady rainfall since Saturday.
However, because of the town's location and elevation, he says, water flows right into the community.
"We just had our roads, all new pavement. We had an emergency town meeting yesterday — hoping not to lose our new roads," he said.
"All our roads would be destroyed again, it wouldn't hold."
Municipal Affairs and Environment Minister Andrew Parsons said his department continues to be prepared. The department has been monitoring the forecast, and have kept in close contact with emergency management partners.
The Water Resources Management Division has been monitoring hurricane season flood alerts, and as of Saturday evening, alerts were issued for the following areas: Appleton/Glenwood, Cold Brook, Kippens (Gaudon's Brook), Corner Brook, Deer Lake, Steady Brook, Glovertown, Stephenville, Stephenville Crossing, Burgeo, Gander, Black Duck Siding and St. Alban's.
Heavy rainfall can cause elevated water levels in water bodies, pooling of water in low-lying areas and localized flooding.
As of 9:06 a.m. Sunday, Environment Canada tweeted that the rainfall warning had ended for the west coast of Newfoundland.


As we age, arthritis and other degenerative conditions can cause a great deal of pain in your joints. The pain can become disabling, holding you back from the activities you enjoy. Even walking or raising your arm can be painful.
As one of the leading centers for joint replacement in the southwestern United States, Abilene Sports Medicine & Orthopedics joint replacement surgeons help many people each year return to active lifestyles.
Abilene Sports Medicine & Orthopedics surgeons begin with conservative management, prescribing medication, physical therapy, or improved nutrition, to manage pain and attempt to slow the wearing away of the joint's cushion. When this approach is no longer effective, joint replacement surgery may be recommended. As with all surgery, there are always risks to consider.
New surgical techniques using smaller incisions can offer shorter hospital stays and recovery periods. The physicians at Abilene Sports Medicine are on the forefront of these advances. However, no one technique is right for everyone. At Abilene Sports Medicine & Orthopedics, a careful examination and consultation always precedes any recommendation.


text:
Q: scanf() with two variables but one input? I was wondering if you can do something like:
printf("\nEnter kwh used (for 7 economy tariff, enter Peak usage)\n");
scanf("%d",&kwh,&peak);

I guess it won't work but is there any way to get similar effect. I hope you know what I mean. I'm trying to get either one (peak or kwh) out of one scanf so it can later be passed onto appropriate function.

A: If you want the same value in both variables, you should do that yourself:
int kwh, peak;

if (scanf("%d",&kwh) == 1)
{
    peak = kwh;
}
else
{
    // complain
}


text:
William Botting Hemsley (29 de diciembre 1843, East Hoathly, Sussex-7 de octubre 1924, Broadstairs, Kent) fue un botánico inglés.

Fue curador en los Reales Jardines Botánicos de Kew en 1860, asistente en su herbario de 1865 a 1867, y luego de 1883 a 1908.

Fue nombrado miembro de la Royal Society el 6 de junio de 1889; asociado a la Sociedad linneana de Londres en 1875, y hecho su miembro en 1896.

Recibió un doctorado honorífico en Aberdeen en 1913. Y la medalla de honor de la reina Victoria en 1909.

Obras
 Biologica Centrali-Americana Botany. Vol. I , 1879-1888
 Biologica Centrali-Americana Botany. Vol. III, 1882-1886
 Handbook of Hardy Trees, Shrubs and Herbaceous Plants. 1877
 Diagnoses Plantarum Novarum (1878-1880
 Biologia Centrali-americana, Botany. Cinco vols. 1879-1888
 Reporte de Resultados Científicos de la expedición del HMS Challenger, Botánica, 1885, con Francis Blackwell Forbes (1839-1908)
 Enumeration of all Plants known from China Proper, Formosa, Hainan, Corea, the Luchu Archipelago, and the Island of Hong Kong. 1886 & 1895

Honores
Célestin Alfred Cogniaux (1841-1916) le dedica en 1888 el género botánico Hemsleya de la familia de las Cucurbitaceae.

Fuente
 Ray Desmond (1994). Dictionary of British and Irish Botanists and Horticulturists includins Plant Collectors, Flower Painters and Garden Designers. Taylor & Francis, & The Natural History Museum (Londres).

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Miembros de la Royal Society
Botánicos del Reino Unido del siglo XIX

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


John Miles was invited to be a panelist at the Liability Claims seminar at the Atlanta Claims Association Annual Conference on April 27 at the Northeast Hilton Atlanta.
John's panel, "Settling Our Difference in Bad Faith," also includes distinguished Atlanta attorneys Jonathan Adelman of Waldon Adelman Castila Hiestand & Prout; David Atkinson of Swift Currie McHgee & Hiers; and Jay Sadd of Slappey & Sadd.
For more information about the seminar and ACA, click here.


text:
Ogaphora bizonalis is een halfvleugelig insect uit de familie Aphrophoridae. De wetenschappelijke naam van deze soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1907 door Matsumura.

Aphrophoridae


The club facility is officially open from April through end of September.
Mix and Match (Tennis for ladies and gentlemen) Every Thursday 09:00 – 11:00 AM.
Tennis-Junior-Summer-Camp For beginners and advanced from July 9th to July 13th. Fee CHF 95.00 per student. RSVP May 30th.
Tennis for Everybody Tuesday 7-8 PM with tennis coach Stefan Groth. Fees: CHF 100 per lesson divided by the number of participants. From 8 – 10 pm free playing. Non members welcome.
Barbecue at the Clubhouse Every first Tuesday evening of a month as of 8 PM. Small voluntary contributions welcome. Non-members welcome.
The key giving access to clubhouse and tennis courts is only intended for club members and their families. Any loss should be announced to the board.
Junior members can play from Monday to Friday from 7 AM to 6 PM. Together with an adult they can participate at the normal playing hours of active members.
The ball machine on court 2 can be used at no extra charge. After usage, the machine needs to be covered and balls need to be stored away appropriately.
The doors of the club facility and the club house have to be locked at departure.
At an extra fee of CHF 10 per hour, every active member can bring and play with a guest. Please leave an envelope with money, name and date in the letter box of the clubhouse.


The number of people nationwide who would starve if they didn't receive aid grew by a quarter over the past year, now standing at 8.4 million of Yemen's 29 million people.
CAIRO: In a remote pocket of northern Yemen, many families with starving children have nothing to eat but the leaves of a local vine, boiled into a sour, acidic green paste. International aid agencies have been caught off guard by the extent of the suffering there as parents and children waste away.
As a response in the meantime, the official said, relief agencies are sending over 10,000 food baskets to the district, and UNICEF said it is increasing its mobile teams in the district from three to four and providing transportation to health facilities. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of issues involved in operating in the war-ravaged country.


text:
Is Saudi Arabia Going Broke?
Tue 8:01 pm +00:00, 24 May 2016
by Brandon Turbeville
Any informed observer, by now, should be fully aware that the Saudis are hurting financially. That is, they are hurting as much as any degenerate hedonistic ruling class of genetic royalty can be. But, while Saudi princes roll around in money and women and unspeakably depraved forms of entertainment and while they oversee a nation of slaves and prisoners, the bank accounts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are now at a low point.
After years of decadence and willingness to lavishly fund terror and propaganda all across the world and after agreeing to work with the United States in a suicidal attempt to hurt Russia at the oil export pump, Saudi Arabia is finally starting to realize that there may actually be a bottom to their bank accounts.
Even as major Saudi corporations begin going belly up (the Bin Laden group is essentially bankrupt), the Saudi government is now openly considering its massive contracting population in IOUs and tradable bonds.
As Bloomberg reports,
Saudi Arabia has told banks in the country that it is considering giving contractors IOUs to settle some outstanding bills, according to people with knowledge of the discussions.
As payment from the state, contractors would receive bond-like instruments which they could hold until maturity or sell on to banks, the people said, asking not to be identified because the information is private. Companies have received some payments in cash and the rest could come in the "I-owe-you" notes, the people said, adding that no decisions have been made on the measures.
Saudi Arabia has slowed payments to contractors and suppliers, tapped foreign reserves and borrowed from local and international banks in response to the decline in crude oil, which accounts for the bulk of its revenue.
Even Moody's the notorious lying agency that gave derivatives in the United States good credit ratings before the collapse, downgraded the Saudi long-term issuing rate from A1 to Aa3. Bloomberg reports,
Saudi Arabia's economic growth is slowing as revenue from oil exports declines. Gross domestic product will likely expand 1.5 percent this year, the slowest pace since the global financial crisis, according to a Bloomberg survey of economists.
"Until there is greater clarity on this situation some negativity and increased speculation from investors and other market participants should be expected," said Chavan Bhogaita, head of market insight and strategy at National Bank of Abu Dhabi.
This news comes as Saudi Arabia is threatening to sell off hundreds of billions of dollars of U.S. assets if Congress passes a bill that would allow families of the victims of 9/11 to sue the KSA. Although President Obama has already threatened to veto the bill, such threats were most likely hollow to begin with. After the news of the Saudi financial condition, however, it is even less likely that the Saudis would go through with their threat.
Of course, we still expect Obama to veto the bill.
Source: http://www.activistpost.com/2016/05/is-saudi-arabia-going-broke.html
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text:
Bible > Genesis > Chapter 10 > Verse 12
◄ Genesis 10:12 ►
and Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah--which is the great city.
And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city.
and Resen, between Nineveh and Calah: this is the great city.
and Resen between Nineveh and Calah (the same is the great city).
and Resen, between Nineveh and Calah; it is the great city.
Genesis 10:12 Parallel
Clarke's Commentary on the Bible
Out of that land went forth Asshur - The marginal reading is to be preferred here. He - Nimrod, went out into Assyria and built Nineveh; and hence Assyria is called the land of Nimrod, Micah 5:6. Thus did this mighty hunter extend his dominions in every possible way. The city of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, is supposed to have had its name from Ninus, the son of Nimrod; but probably Ninus and Nimrod are the same person. This city, which made so conspicuous a figure in the history of the world, is now called Mossul; it is an inconsiderable place, built out of the ruins of the ancient Nineveh.
Rehoboth, and Calah, etc. - Nothing certain is known concerning the situation of these places; conjecture is endless, and it has been amply indulged by learned men in seeking for Rehoboth in the Birtha of Ptolemy, Calah in Calachine, Resen in Larissa, etc., etc.
Genesis 10:11 From that land he went forth into Assyria, and built Nineveh and Rehoboth-Ir and Calah,
Genesis 10:13 Mizraim became the father of Ludim and Anamim and Lehabim and Naphtuhim
Ancient Chaldaea
The Creation, the Deluge, the history of the gods--The country, its cities its inhabitants, its early dynasties. [Illustration: 002a.jpg] "In the time when nothing which was called heaven existed above, and when nothing below had as yet received the name of earth,* Apsu, the Ocean, who first was their father, and Chaos-Tiamat, who gave birth to them all, mingled their waters in one, reeds which were not united, rushes which bore no fruit."** Life germinated slowly in this inert mass, in which the …
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 3
The Sea of Sodom
The bounds of Judea, on both sides, are the sea; the western bound is the Mediterranean,--the eastern, the Dead sea, or the sea of Sodom. This the Jewish writers every where call, which you may not so properly interpret here, "the salt sea," as "the bituminous sea." In which sense word for word, "Sodom's salt," but properly "Sodom's bitumen," doth very frequently occur among them. The use of it was in the holy incense. They mingled 'bitumen,' 'the amber of Jordan,' and [an herb known to few], with …
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica
The Blessings of Noah Upon Shem and Japheth. (Gen. Ix. 18-27. )
Ver. 20. "And Noah began and became an husbandman, and planted vineyards."--This does not imply that Noah was the first who began to till the ground, and, more especially, to cultivate the vine; for Cain, too, was a tiller of the ground, Gen. iv. 2. The sense rather is, that Noah, after the flood, again took up this calling. Moreover, the remark has not an independent import; it serves only to prepare the way for the communication of the subsequent account of Noah's drunkenness. By this remark, …
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament
Influences that Gave Rise to the Priestly Laws and Histories
[Sidenote: Influences in the exile that produced written ceremonial laws] The Babylonian exile gave a great opportunity and incentive to the further development of written law. While the temple stood, the ceremonial rites and customs received constant illustration, and were transmitted directly from father to son in the priestly families. Hence, there was little need of writing them down. But when most of the priests were carried captive to Babylonia, as in 597 B.C., and ten years later the temple …
Charles Foster Kent—The Origin & Permanent Value of the Old Testament
From that land he went to Assyria, where he built Nineveh, Rehoboth Ir, Calah
Egypt was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites,
Calah City Great Nineveh Nin'eveh
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Watervliet, city, Albany county, eastern New York, U.S., on the west bank of the Hudson River (bridged), opposite Troy. Originally part of a land tract bought by Kiliaen van Rensselaer, a diamond merchant of Amsterdam, from the Mohawk Indians in 1630, it was incorporated (1836) as the Village of West Troy, combining Gibbonsville, Washington, and Port Schuyler. Renamed Watervliet (meaning "flats by the water"), it became a city in 1896. The first (informal) Shaker settlement in the United States was founded (1776) in nearby Niskayuna by "Mother" Ann Lee. Manufactures include toothbrushes, paint, and storage tanks. A U.S. arsenal, which produced munitions for the War of 1812, still functions and has a collection of historic ordnance. Pop. (2000) 10,207; (2010) 10,254.


text:
Bam Margera Nearly Collapses at Crash Scene
By Karen Araiza and Rosemary Connors
Published Jun 21, 2011 at 10:05 PM | Updated at 11:05 AM EDT on Jun 22, 2011
Heartbroken Bam Collapses at Scene of Best Friend's Death
http://www.nbcmiami.com/entertainment/celebrity/Bam-Margera-Nearly-Collapses-at-Ryan-Dunn-Crash-Scene-124325829.html
"Jackass" costar Bam Margera collapses in grief at the scene of the car crash that killed his best friend, Ryan Dunn (Published Wednesday, June 22, 2011)
Bam Margera cried so hard his body shook Tuesday night when he went to see where best friend and Jackass co-star Ryan Dunn died in a fiery crash.
Margera rocked back in forth in agony at the guardrail that Dunn pierced with his Porsche Monday morning with such force that the car slammed through about 40 feet of trees before exploding into flames.
Dunn. 34, and his passenger, Zachary Hartwell. 30, died of blunt and thermal trauma, according to the coroner.
Margera and Dunn's relationship dates back to high school – a bond so strong that Bam's parents said Dunn was like a son to them.
Margera came to the crash site with his wife, Missy, and a handful of friends. He seemed so distraught that at one point, Bam looked like he could have collapsed without his friends holding him up as he walked away.
The crash on Route 322 happened less than 100 yards from Hartwell's home in Chester County, Pa..
Friends and acquaintances saw Dunn and Hartwell at Barnaby's bar in West Chester Sunday night and into Monday morning, before the two left in Dunn's car.
"Ryan didn't appear drunk before he left," Barnaby's manager told NBC Philadelphia. That manager said Dunn left the bar around 2 a.m.
A toxicology report on Dunn and Hartwell is not due back for a few weeks, according to the coroner's office.


Programs that pay for or provide baby items including baby food, formula and clothing.
Day and residential camp programs for children and youth, including camps for children with special needs and camps with subsidies.
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text:
Modern technology gives us many things.
familyhomemedicalequipment - Family Health Care
Top 5 Reasons Telemedicine Now Makes Perfect Sense
By Sam Randall	 On Dec 7, 2021
What would you say if someone told you that telemedicine actually dates to the turn of the 20th century? It's true. The first recorded use of telemedicine involved long-distance transfer of electrocardiogram data by a Dutch physician in 1905. More than a hundred years later, modern healthcare is just starting to get into the telemedicine growth. How strange that it has taken so long.
Telemedicine brings a lot to the table. It is efficient and cost-effective. It can save both patients and service providers time. It can even facilitate care among patients who would otherwise not visit with doctors. Yet it has been slow to catch on because healthcare's biggest players have not shown any interest in changing the status quo. Perhaps now is the time to start changing things.
In light of that, here are the top five reasons telemedicine now makes perfect sense in the modern era:
1. No Solution to Health Insurance
The ACA was Washington's noble attempt to cover the vast majority of Americans with private health insurance. While the legislation certainly added more patients to insurance carrier rolls, there are still tens of millions of people in the country without health insurance. The ACA could not solve the problem. No amount of legislation can. As long as we are going to have private health insurance, there will be those people who don't buy it.
Telemedicine represents a great stopgap measure because it gives people access to primary care even if they don't have private health insurance. Companies established specifically to provide telemedicine are more than happy to accept direct patient payments rather than health insurance reimbursements.
2. The On-Demand Economy
It is clear that the modern economy is firmly rooted in the on-demand model. Thanks to internet technology and the mobile device revolution, consumers are now used to getting the products and services they want at the very moment they want them. Telemedicine brings the on-demand model to healthcare. Patients now have the ability to use mobile apps and standalone medical kiosks to access the care they want.
3. Remote Diagnostics Now Available
Until just a few years ago, the biggest thing inhibiting widespread telemedicine was a lack of diagnostic tools. But companies like CSI Health are changing that. They are building telemedicine solutions that include a variety of diagnostic tools ranging from digital stethoscopes to ultrasound and sonogram. Diagnostic data is sent in real time to the provider's network, giving remote providers all the information that they need to effectively consult with patients.
4. Costs Continue to Rise
Healthcare costs continue to rise at a rate that generally beats inflation. As we continue looking for ways to bring costs down, telemedicine is staring us in the face. Telemedicine saves money by not requiring nearly as much overhead on the provider's part. It saves money indirectly by saving consumers time, allowing them to access healthcare without having to leave work, etc.
5. The Physician Shortage Continues
We have been hearing about a looming physician shortage for a number of years. That shortage continues. Meanwhile, the healthcare industry is also experiencing a severe shortage of nurses. Telemedicine can help by making primary care more efficient. Increase efficiency and you decrease the workload on doctors and nurses.
Telemedicine technology was birthed at the turn of the 20th century. It has been evolving ever since. Now, it finally seems like the culture is in a place where telemedicine could become the norm. It makes sense to begin implementing it now, as an eventual replacement for the current system – which has been in place for some 50 years.
Sam Randall
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This lifestyle community offers 3 outdoor swimming pools, a new community center, tennis & basketball courts, playground and many social clubs & activities.
Enter the home into an open foyer, flanked by a large dining room and living room. Stroll towards the back of the home and you will be greeted to a bright and airy kitchen with white kitchen cabinets, Corian counters, ceramic tile backsplash and new stainless steel appliances. The inviting family room is complete with a gas fireplace, perfect for a winter evening at home. A bonus and rare option in the community is the conservatory which is full of windows, bringing in all the natural light. An ideal space for a home office/study or playroom. There is a French glass door leading to a freshly painted deck in a private setting for all occasions.
Upstairs you will find a large owners bedroom with plenty of closet space. The owners bathroom has dual vanities, soaking tub and walk in shower. Two other large bedrooms round out the second floor with a hall bath complete with ceramic tile.
Wait there is more—the finished basement has a large open space perfect for watching the big game or additional space for entertaining. The basement is complete with a full bathroom, bedroom with closet, ideal for guests. The Seller also left plenty of unfinished space for storage.
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Polar Golfer is a Windows application. Read more about how to remove it from your PC. The Windows release was developed by WildTangent. More information about WildTangent can be read here. More details about the app Polar Golfer can be found at http://support.wildgames.com. The application is often located in the C:\Program Files\Toshiba Games\Polar Golfer directory (same installation drive as Windows). The complete uninstall command line for Polar Golfer is C:\Program Files\Toshiba Games\Polar Golfer\Uninstall.exe. The program's main executable file occupies 752.00 KB (770048 bytes) on disk and is titled golf.exe.
The executable files below are installed along with Polar Golfer. They take about 787.13 KB (806021 bytes) on disk.
2. Start Advanced Uninstaller PRO. It's recommended to take your time to admire Advanced Uninstaller PRO's design and wealth of functions available. Advanced Uninstaller PRO is a powerful program.
Star rating (in the left lower corner). The star rating explains the opinion other people have regarding Polar Golfer, from "Highly recommended" to "Very dangerous".
7. Press the Uninstall button. A confirmation dialog will appear. accept the removal by clicking the Uninstall button. Advanced Uninstaller PRO will automatically uninstall Polar Golfer.
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This page is not a recommendation to remove Polar Golfer by WildTangent from your PC, we are not saying that Polar Golfer by WildTangent is not a good software application. This page simply contains detailed instructions on how to remove Polar Golfer in case you decide this is what you want to do. Here you can find registry and disk entries that our application Advanced Uninstaller PRO stumbled upon and classified as "leftovers" on other users' computers.