text:
Home / Collections / Recently Added Vinyl / Goldray 'Feel The Change'
Goldray 'Feel The Change'
Fomat:
Vinyl LP - Marble Vinyl LP - White CD
Vinyl LP - Marble - £25.49 Vinyl LP - White - £21.99 CD - £11.99
Following the release of their critically acclaimed debut album, 'Rising' in 2017, Kenwyn House (Reef) and Leah Rasmussen (EMI, Bedrock, Renaissance) AKA Goldray, return with a psych-rock fuelled second album 'Feel The Change', released on July 31.
Written and produced by House and Rasmussen. Mixed by Pedro Ferreira (The Darkness, Therapy?, Enter Shikari, Meatloaf, David Gray) at Spinroad Studios in Gothenburg, Sweden.
This eight-track album is a development in the duos sound giving a heavier edge but at the same time sounding more accessible than their debut 'Rising' whilst still remaining deeply bedded in their psych roots. Their new music exudes their inspiration and passion. They released a new double a-side single on May 29th - 'How Do You Know' which builds through the entirety of its four-minutes demonstrating Rasmussen's huge range and power vocally, ending with a massive crescendo. And 'Oz', a monster seven-minute-plus track driven through House's incredible guitar playing, the song is an ambitious journey of rock and psych, building with power, then dropping into a feeling of surreal psychedelia only to be slapped back in the face with the thunderous riff!
Sharing a songwriting vision blending psych and prog experimental arrangements with etheric yet powerful female vocals, House and Rasmussen first started working together as an experimental side project for the pair that soon grew into an all-consuming passion. With a clear identity both musically and visually, Goldray pulls huge inspiration from the late 1960s and early 1970s and are very much at the centre of the emerging psych-rock scene.
The band have garnered a formidable reputation live with performances at Glastonbury, Bestival, Download, Ramblin' Man, HRH, Camden Rocks Festival and various headline shows over the past three years in the UK and Europe. Live, the band (who tour as a four-piece) ensure the ethos and feel of the show emanates the same feeling as the music.
Visually striking with vocalist Rasmussen looking resplendent (described in a live review by Prog magazine in 2018 as "... the high priestess of hard rock"), and House's playing still powerful and irresistibly hooky but somehow sliding into psychedelic hypnosis that ensures the live shows are a sensory overload! Live shows will be announced in due course.
"'Feel The Change' is a joyous, liberating listening experience unencumbered as it is by any desire to tap into the zeitgeist… more bands should be this fearless and free." - Planet Rock Magazine
"Goldray have made an album ['Feel The Change'] that's gloriously wicked and divine in equal measures... there's not a single dud amongst the eight tracks here." - Prog Magazine
"This is one that's very much wanted... Kenwyn House on guitar and Leah Rasmussen on vocals make a sublime sound… Quite brilliant. Feel the change? Feel the benefit. 10/10" Powerplay
"'How Do They Know' is a commanding, tripped-out new single" - Loudersound
Vinyl is limited to 500 copies – 400 on white vinyl and only100 of these are pressed on marble coloured vinyl – Vinyl also includes download codes
1. Oz
2. Feel The Change
3. The Forest
4. The Forest (Part 2)
5. How Do You Know
6. The Beat Inside
7. Come On
8. Phoenix Rising
Roulette Media
Midnite City 'Itch You Can't Scratch' PRE-ORDER
Vinyl LP - Translucent Red Vinyl LP - Solid Silver CD
Vinyl LP - Translucent Red - £18.99 Vinyl LP - Solid Silver - £18.99 CD - £12.49
Vinyl 16/06/2021
CD available in gatefold digipack with insert / Vinyl available in gatefold sleeve with 4 page insert. Pressing in two colours, translucent red and solid silver.
Since bursting out onto the scene with a vengeance in 2017, MIDNITE CITY have taken on the world and hustled themselves to the top of the pile to be crowned the true kings of Hair Metal.
Following on from the release of their sophomore album 'There Goes The Neighbourhood' in late 2018 (which was voted 5th best Melodic Rock album of the year in Classic Rock magazine and also made the list of the best albums of the past 35 year history of Japan's Burrn! magazine) the band have gone from strength to strength and proven to be one hell of a force to be reckoned with in the live arena.
MIDNITE CITY have headlined two consecutive UK tours, played shows all over Europe, Australia and also played two sold out shows in Japan and continue to dazzle a legion of growing and devoted fans around the world with their high energy, feel good, party roc.
Hot on the heels of two highly acclaimed albums, MIDNITE CITY return in 2021 with their highly anticipated third album "Itch You Can't Scratch" on May 28th. With new label Roulette Media in tow, as well as new management and booking agent, the band are back looking and sounding better than ever with a new array of songs that will melt your face, so strap yourselves in for the ride of your life. It's all about the good times! MIDNITE CITY will release three singles from the album in advance.
The first advance track, "Crawlin' In The Dirt", will be released on January 22nd and accompanied by a video. The band says about this track: "'Crawlin' In The Dirt' shows a tougher, edgier side to the band not seen or heard before. Midnite City kicks the doors off 2021 with a vengeance!'
1. Crawlin' In the Dirt
3. Fire Inside
4. Darkest Before the Dawn
5. I Don't Need Another Heartache
6. Blame It On Your Lovin'
7. They Only Come Out At Night
8. Chance of A Lifetime
9. If It's Over
10. Fall To Pieces
'a' Recordings
Brian Jonestown Massacre 'Brian Jonestown Massacre' Vinyl LP - 180g PRE-ORDER
First time available on 180 grm black vinyl LP , comes in superb deluxe packaging with the logo being black on the outer bag to show you it's black vinyl .
Brian Jonestown Massacre burst into 2019 with the release of their 18th full-length album, just 7 months after their last one. The self-titled 9-track album is released on Anton Newcombe's A Recordings on 15th March 2019. It was recorded and produced at Anton's Cobra Studio in Berlin.The album was originally going to be released in September, but due to a hugely successful global tour – taking in USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Europe the release was delayed. Recorded this time last year, the album features Sara Neidorf on drums, Heike Marie Radeker (LeVent) on bass, Hakon Adalsteinsson (BJM / Third Sound & Gunman & Holy Ghost) on guitar and Anton Newcombe on multiple instruments. Also making a guest vocal appearance on 'Tombes Oubliées' is Rike Bienert who has sung on previous BJM albums. The band performed songs from the album throughout the European leg of the 2018 tour.
1. Drained
2. Tombes Oubliées
3. My Mind Is Filled With Stuff
4. Cannot Be Saved
5. A Word
6. We Never Had a Chance
7. Too Sad To Tell You
8. Remember Me This
9. What Can I Say
4 Family Records
Borstal 'At Her Majesty's Pleasure' Vinyl LP PRE-ORDER
Vinyl LP - Gold Vinyl LP - Black / Gold
Vinyl LP - Gold - £14.99 Vinyl LP - Black / Gold - £14.99
The brand new UKHC band featuring Pierre Mendivil (Knuckledust), Nick Barker (Brujeria, ex-Cradle Of Filth/Dimmu Borgir/Testament) and members of Dripback and King Of Pigs. BORSTAL are set to release their much-anticipated debut EP titled "At Her Majesty's Pleasure" via 4 Family Records on April 1st.
The EP was recorded, mixed and mastered at Monolith Studios by Charlie "Squid Commander" Wilson in Tottenham (September 2020). The EP also features a cover version of The Last Resort's "King Of The Jungle", featuring a guest appearance by non-other than Brit Oi legend, Mr Arthur Kitchener, father of Lee Kitchener (BORSTAL guitarist).
Along with the release of "Vicious Circles", Borstal also release the Cover artwork for "At Her Majesty's Pleasure" created by Gary Ronaldson from Bite Radius Designs.
1. Refuse To Lose
2. Karma
3. We Stand As One
4. Vicious Circles
5. Worm Food
6. King Of The Jungle
Sentient Ruin Laboratories
Chaos Echoes 'Ecstasy With the Nonexistents' Vinyl LP PRE-ORDER
The final testament from the absolute gods of underground experimental death metal. Needing no introductions, Sentient Ruin proudly brings you this exclusive limited edition vinyl release of Chaos Echœs' final recording, perhaps their most ambitious, imaginative and all-encapsulating recorded output ever.
First released as disc 1 of the 2019 2CD outtakes compilation "Remains", this massive and gloriously-sounding professionally mixed and mastered live soundboard recording captures the french masters of ritualistic death metal alchemy at the pinnacle of their transformative power as they step out of every comfort zone known to revisit familiar places and re-emerge into a new and unseen transfiguration of themselves.
Profoundly moving and ungraspably visionary, "Ecstasy With the Nonexistents" sees the French alchemists metamorph and manipulate some of their most iconic tracks to subvert and transcend their own identity, creating a ritual within a ritual, where death and black metal, experimental noise and ritual ambient dissolve into a singular flow of consciousness dictated by the abstract axioms of transformation, ritual improvisation and free form deconstructionism.
"Ecstasy with the Nonexistents, is a soundboard recording of a full live set from 2018. Assembled with great care, this set list was only performed in concert once. The concept was to reinvent the songs, re-arranging pieces from Transient and Mouvement into a continuous three-part suite. The first section is slow, more self-centered than introverted, and obsessive. The second section is atmospheric, dominated by improvisations with bells, flutes, shamanic drumming, and mantra-like vocal patterns. The final section is carnal, wild and intuitive, completing the journey from an aggressive, selfish state to one of abandonment and sharing."
1. Senses of the Nonexistent 05:23
2. Through Kaleidoscopic Haze of Unexpected Extents 02:43
3. 享楽主義 06:23
4. Black Mantra 09:00
5. Interzone VIII 10:16
6. Surrounded and Amazed by These Unplumbed Abysses of the Inverted Sea 03:41
7. Soul Ruiner 07:33
8. Shine On, Obsidian! Ego! Ego! Echo Back to the Yearning of the Self! 09:14


Yep, it's a mostly male, mostly white crowd. The largest diversity we tend to have in our legislative bodies is 20-30% representation by women. There are parts of our government that are literally run by "old boy networks." I believe there is only one non-white elected person in all of Richmond city and Wayne County government.
I don't point this out to criticize our current elected officials or to suggest that their race, gender identity or other characteristics somehow diminish their service to the community. There is certainly more diversity in local government overall, and we have a growing group of high-profile, non-white, non-male community leaders in other sectors here.
But it does seem worth noticing that in a population that is ~51% female and ~10% non-white, we have a ways to go in having a body of elected leaders that represents the diversity of Richmond and Wayne County. This gap probably grows further if you start to look at age, national origin, income level, sexual orientation, disability, religious affiliation and other factors.
Why is diversity in elected leadership important? The reasons are many. Effective democracy requires diverse representation. A lack of diversity often filters down to other appointed offices within government. Just having more women in elected leadership has shown to increase educational achievement among young women. In a time when many minorities in the U.S. experience precarious tensions with local law enforcement, diversifying our leadership and police forces can help. Job-creating companies looking to expand may value how we approach diversity and respect for differences in deciding to locate here. And so on.
I personally worry about this most in the context of what inspires young people to get involved in local leadership. If a young woman of color took an interest in local politics, what would she find to encourage her to volunteer or even run for office? If a member of the local Hispanic or Latino communities felt there was a community issue where they could make a difference, would local government offer a good place for them to start?
So, what do we do to increase diversity?
We work hard at it.
It's not just a matter of hoping non-white and/or non-male people just decide to run for office, especially if the leadership structures in our community aren't modeling or encouraging the same.
Our local political parties need to demonstrate through action that they are trying to increase the diversity of the candidates they support while reaching out to broader cross-sections of the community in organizing and mobilizing voters.
Local educational and youth-oriented organizations need to advocate for and support the engagement of people from all backgrounds and identities to join in the political process.
Everyone invested in the future of Richmond and Wayne County needs to call out and reject racist, misogynist or otherwise discriminatory practices and structures.
And current elected officials need to make sure that as they refine the structures of government to adapt to a community's changing needs, they look beyond the meeting rooms filled with white men for perspective, concerns and counsel.
Increasing diversity here is an issue that affects all of us, and should be important to anyone thinking about a strong and vibrant future for the place we call home.
I agree totally but before that can happen non-whites and women need to feel accepted and valued by this community and we are not there yet!
It. Has to start at the bottom. The good old boys at the top are not going to say. " here's how you can take my job".
Great rallying call. Thanks Chris. Change is so remarkably difficult, but it has to start somewhere. We have to work at it and work at it and work at it. We have to buy in. If it happens it will start with small efforts like encouraging youth, working in schools, in businesses, in government to be inclusive and find and encourage new leadership. It will require a person/group leading the effort.
My family and I moved to Richmond a month ago from another state, and I have to say, reading this article was extremely encouraging for me. I've been looking around wondering how I can get involved in my community- and if we would be welcomed here as people of color. I'm glad to see there are people concerned about diversity in our new hometown. I'm happy to have found this blog.


text:
Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, the other being phloem. The basic function of xylem is to transport water from roots to stems and leaves, but it also transports nutrients. The word xylem is derived from the Ancient Greek word  (xylon), meaning "wood"; the best-known xylem tissue is wood, though it is found throughout a plant. The term was introduced by Carl Nägeli in 1858.

Structure

The most distinctive xylem cells are the long tracheary elements that transport water. Tracheids and vessel elements are distinguished by their shape; vessel elements are shorter, and are connected together into long tubes that are called vessels.

Xylem also contains two other type of cells: parenchyma and fibers.

Xylem can be found:
 in vascular bundles, present in non-woody plants and non-woody parts of woody plants
 in secondary xylem, laid down by a meristem called the vascular cambium in woody plants
 as part of a stelar arrangement not divided into bundles, as in many ferns.

In transitional stages of plants with secondary growth, the first two categories are not mutually exclusive, although usually a vascular bundle will contain primary xylem only.

The branching pattern exhibited by xylem follows Murray's law.

Primary and secondary xylem
Primary xylem is formed during primary growth from procambium. It includes protoxylem and metaxylem. Metaxylem develops after the protoxylem but before secondary xylem. Metaxylem has wider vessels and tracheids than protoxylem.

Secondary xylem is formed during secondary growth from vascular cambium. Although secondary xylem is also found in members of the gymnosperm groups Gnetophyta and Ginkgophyta and to a lesser extent in members of the Cycadophyta, the two main groups in which secondary xylem can be found are:
conifers (Coniferae): there are approximately 600 known species of conifers. All species have secondary xylem, which is relatively uniform in structure throughout this group. Many conifers become tall trees: the secondary xylem of such trees is used and marketed as softwood.
angiosperms (Angiospermae): there are approximately 250,000 known species of angiosperms. Within this group secondary xylem is rare in the monocots. Many non-monocot angiosperms become trees, and the secondary xylem of these is used and marketed as hardwood.

Main function – upwards water transport
The xylem, vessels and tracheids of the roots, stems and leaves are interconnected to form a continuous system of water-conducting channels reaching all parts of the plants. The system transports water and soluble mineral nutrients from the roots throughout the plant. It is also used to replace water lost during transpiration and photosynthesis. Xylem sap consists mainly of water and inorganic ions, although it can also contain a number of organic chemicals as well. The transport is passive, not powered by energy spent by the tracheary elements themselves, which are dead by maturity and no longer have living contents. Transporting sap upwards becomes more difficult as the height of a plant increases and upwards transport of water by xylem is considered to limit the maximum height of trees. Three phenomena cause xylem sap to flow:
 Pressure flow hypothesis: Sugars produced in the leaves and other green tissues are kept in the phloem system, creating a solute pressure differential versus the xylem system carrying a far lower load of solutes- water and minerals. The phloem pressure can rise to several MPa, far higher than atmospheric pressure. Selective inter-connection between these systems allows this high solute concentration in the phloem to draw xylem fluid upwards by negative pressure.
 Transpirational pull: Similarly, the evaporation of water from the surfaces of mesophyll cells to the atmosphere also creates a negative pressure at the top of a plant. This causes millions of minute menisci to form in the mesophyll cell wall. The resulting surface tension causes a negative pressure or tension in the xylem that pulls the water from the roots and soil.
 Root pressure: If the water potential of the root cells is more negative than that of the soil, usually due to high concentrations of solute, water can move by osmosis into the root from the soil. This causes a positive pressure that forces sap up the xylem towards the leaves. In some circumstances, the sap will be forced from the leaf through a hydathode in a phenomenon known as guttation. Root pressure is highest in the morning before the stomata open and allow transpiration to begin. Different plant species can have different root pressures even in a similar environment; examples include up to 145 kPa in Vitis riparia but around zero in Celastrus orbiculatus.

The primary force that creates the capillary action movement of water upwards in plants is the adhesion between the water and the surface of the xylem conduits. Capillary action provides the force that establishes an equilibrium configuration, balancing gravity. When transpiration removes water at the top, the flow is needed to return to the equilibrium.

Transpirational pull results from the evaporation of water from the surfaces of cells in the leaves. This evaporation causes the surface of the water to recess into the pores of the cell wall. By capillary action, the water forms concave menisci inside the pores. The high surface tension of water pulls the concavity outwards, generating enough force to lift water as high as a hundred meters from ground level to a tree's highest branches.

Transpirational pull requires that the vessels transporting the water be very small in diameter; otherwise, cavitation would break the water column. And as water evaporates from leaves, more is drawn up through the plant to replace it. When the water pressure within the xylem reaches extreme levels due to low water input from the roots (if, for example, the soil is dry), then the gases come out of solution and form a bubble – an embolism forms, which will spread quickly to other adjacent cells, unless bordered pits are present (these have a plug-like structure called a torus, that seals off the opening between adjacent cells and stops the embolism from spreading). Even after an embolism has occurred, plants are able to refill the xylem and restore the functionality.

Cohesion-tension theory
The cohesion-tension theory is a theory of intermolecular attraction that explains the process of water flow upwards (against the force of gravity) through the xylem of plants. It was proposed in 1894 by John Joly and Henry Horatio Dixon. Despite numerous objections, this is the most widely accepted theory for the transport of water through a plant's vascular system based on the classical research of Dixon-Joly (1894), Eugen Askenasy (1845–1903) (1895), and Dixon (1914,1924).

Water is a polar molecule. When two water molecules approach one another, the slightly negatively charged oxygen atom of one forms a hydrogen bond with a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom in the other. This attractive force, along with other intermolecular forces, is one of the principal factors responsible for the occurrence of surface tension in liquid water. It also allows plants to draw water from the root through the xylem to the leaf.

Water is constantly lost through transpiration from the leaf. When one water molecule is lost another is pulled along by the processes of cohesion and tension. Transpiration pull, utilizing capillary action and the inherent surface tension of water, is the primary mechanism of water movement in plants. However, it is not the only mechanism involved. Any use of water in leaves forces water to move into them.

Transpiration in leaves creates tension (differential pressure) in the cell walls of mesophyll cells. Because of this tension, water is being pulled up from the roots into the leaves, helped by cohesion (the pull between individual water molecules, due to hydrogen bonds) and adhesion (the stickiness between water molecules and the hydrophilic cell walls of plants). This mechanism of water flow works because of water potential (water flows from high to low potential), and the rules of simple diffusion.

Over the past century, there has been a great deal of research regarding the mechanism of xylem sap transport; today, most plant scientists continue to agree that the cohesion-tension theory best explains this process, but multiforce theories that hypothesize several alternative mechanisms have been suggested, including longitudinal cellular and xylem osmotic pressure gradients, axial potential gradients in the vessels, and gel- and gas-bubble-supported interfacial gradients.

Measurement of pressure

Until recently, the differential pressure (suction) of transpirational pull could only be measured indirectly, by applying external pressure with a pressure bomb to counteract it. When the technology to perform direct measurements with a pressure probe was developed, there was initially some doubt about whether the classic theory was correct, because some workers were unable to demonstrate negative pressures. More recent measurements do tend to validate the classic theory, for the most part. Xylem transport is driven by a combination of transpirational pull from above and root pressure from below, which makes the interpretation of measurements more complicated.

Evolution
Xylem appeared early in the history of terrestrial plant life. Fossil plants with anatomically preserved xylem are known from the Silurian (more than 400 million years ago), and trace fossils resembling individual xylem cells may be found in earlier Ordovician rocks. The earliest true and recognizable xylem consists of tracheids with a helical-annular reinforcing layer added to the cell wall. This is the only type of xylem found in the earliest vascular plants, and this type of cell continues to be found in the protoxylem (first-formed xylem) of all living groups of vascular plants. Several groups of plants later developed pitted tracheid cells independently through convergent evolution. In living plants, pitted tracheids do not appear in development until the maturation of the metaxylem (following the protoxylem).

In most plants, pitted tracheids function as the primary transport cells. The other type of vascular element, found in angiosperms, is the vessel element. Vessel elements are joined end to end to form vessels in which water flows unimpeded, as in a pipe. The presence of xylem vessels (also called trachea) is considered to be one of the key innovations that led to the success of the angiosperms. However, the occurrence of vessel elements is not restricted to angiosperms, and they are absent in some archaic or "basal" lineages of the angiosperms: (e.g., Amborellaceae, Tetracentraceae, Trochodendraceae, and Winteraceae), and their secondary xylem is described by Arthur Cronquist as "primitively vesselless". Cronquist considered the vessels of Gnetum to be convergent with those of angiosperms. Whether the absence of vessels in basal angiosperms is a primitive condition is contested, the alternative hypothesis states that vessel elements originated in a precursor to the angiosperms and were subsequently lost.

To photosynthesize, plants must absorb  from the atmosphere. However, this comes at a price: while stomata are open to allow  to enter, water can evaporate. Water is lost much faster than  is absorbed, so plants need to replace it, and have developed systems to transport water from the moist soil to the site of photosynthesis. Early plants sucked water between the walls of their cells, then evolved the ability to control water loss (and  acquisition) through the use of stomata. Specialized water transport tissues soon evolved in the form of hydroids, tracheids, then secondary xylem, followed by an endodermis and ultimately vessels.

The high  levels of Silurian-Devonian times, when plants were first colonizing land, meant that the need for water was relatively low. As  was withdrawn from the atmosphere by plants, more water was lost in its capture, and more elegant transport mechanisms evolved. As water transport mechanisms, and waterproof cuticles, evolved, plants could survive without being continually covered by a film of water. This transition from poikilohydry to homoiohydry opened up new potential for colonization. Plants then needed a robust internal structure that held long narrow channels for transporting water from the soil to all the different parts of the above-soil plant, especially to the parts where photosynthesis occurred.

During the Silurian,  was readily available, so little water needed expending to acquire it. By the end of the Carboniferous, when  levels had lowered to something approaching today's, around 17 times more water was lost per unit of  uptake. However, even in these "easy" early days, water was at a premium, and had to be transported to parts of the plant from the wet soil to avoid desiccation. This early water transport took advantage of the cohesion-tension mechanism inherent in water. Water has a tendency to diffuse to areas that are drier, and this process is accelerated when water can be wicked along a fabric with small spaces. In small passages, such as that between the plant cell walls (or in tracheids), a column of water behaves like rubber – when molecules evaporate from one end, they pull the molecules behind them along the channels. Therefore, transpiration alone provided the driving force for water transport in early plants. However, without dedicated transport vessels, the cohesion-tension mechanism cannot transport water more than about 2 cm, severely limiting the size of the earliest plants. This process demands a steady supply of water from one end, to maintain the chains; to avoid exhausting it, plants developed a waterproof cuticle. Early cuticle may not have had pores but did not cover the entire plant surface, so that gas exchange could continue. However, dehydration at times was inevitable; early plants cope with this by having a lot of water stored between their cell walls, and when it comes to it sticking out the tough times by putting life "on hold" until more water is supplied.

To be free from the constraints of small size and constant moisture that the parenchymatic transport system inflicted, plants needed a more efficient water transport system. During the early Silurian, they developed specialized cells, which were lignified (or bore similar chemical compounds) to avoid implosion; this process coincided with cell death, allowing their innards to be emptied and water to be passed through them. These wider, dead, empty cells were a million times more conductive than the inter-cell method, giving the potential for transport over longer distances, and higher  diffusion rates.

The earliest macrofossils to bear water-transport tubes are Silurian plants placed in the genus Cooksonia. The early Devonian pretracheophytes Aglaophyton and Horneophyton have structures very similar to the hydroids of modern mosses.
Plants continued to innovate new ways of reducing the resistance to flow within their cells, thereby increasing the efficiency of their water transport. Bands on the walls of tubes, in fact apparent from the early Silurian onwards, are an early improvisation to aid the easy flow of water. Banded tubes, as well as tubes with pitted ornamentation on their walls, were lignified and, when they form single celled conduits, are considered to be tracheids. These, the "next generation" of transport cell design, have a more rigid structure than hydroids, allowing them to cope with higher levels of water pressure. Tracheids may have a single evolutionary origin, possibly within the hornworts, uniting all tracheophytes (but they may have evolved more than once).

Water transport requires regulation, and dynamic control is provided by stomata.
By adjusting the amount of gas exchange, they can restrict the amount of water lost through transpiration. This is an important role where water supply is not constant, and indeed stomata appear to have evolved before tracheids, being present in the non-vascular hornworts.

An endodermis probably evolved during the Silu-Devonian, but the first fossil evidence for such a structure is Carboniferous. This structure in the roots covers the water transport tissue and regulates ion exchange (and prevents unwanted pathogens etc. from entering the water transport system). The endodermis can also provide an upwards pressure, forcing water out of the roots when transpiration is not enough of a driver.

Once plants had evolved this level of controlled water transport, they were truly homoiohydric, able to extract water from their environment through root-like organs rather than relying on a film of surface moisture, enabling them to grow to much greater size. As a result of their independence from their surroundings, they lost their ability to survive desiccation – a costly trait to retain.

During the Devonian, maximum xylem diameter increased with time, with the minimum diameter remaining pretty constant. By the middle Devonian, the tracheid diameter of some plant lineages (Zosterophyllophytes) had plateaued. Wider tracheids allow water to be transported faster, but the overall transport rate depends also on the overall cross-sectional area of the xylem bundle itself. The increase in vascular bundle thickness further seems to correlate with the width of plant axes, and plant height; it is also closely related to the appearance of leaves and increased stomatal density, both of which would increase the demand for water.

While wider tracheids with robust walls make it possible to achieve higher water transport tensions, this increases the likelihood of cavitation. Cavitation occurs when a bubble of air forms within a vessel, breaking the bonds between chains of water molecules and preventing them from pulling more water up with their cohesive tension. A tracheid, once cavitated, cannot have its embolism removed and return to service (except in a few advanced angiosperms which have developed a mechanism of doing so). Therefore, it is well worth plants' while to avoid cavitation occurring. For this reason, pits in tracheid walls have very small diameters, to prevent air entering and allowing bubbles to nucleate. Freeze-thaw cycles are a major cause of cavitation. Damage to a tracheid's wall almost inevitably leads to air leaking in and cavitation, hence the importance of many tracheids working in parallel.

Once cavitation has occurred, plants have a range of mechanisms to contain the damage. Small pits link adjacent conduits to allow fluid to flow between them, but not air – although these pits, which prevent the spread of embolism, are also a major cause of them. These pitted surfaces further reduce the flow of water through the xylem by as much as 30%. The diversification of xylem strand shapes with tracheid network topologies increasingly resistant to the spread of embolism likely facilitated increases in plant size and the colonization of drier habitats during the Devonian radiation. Conifers, by the Jurassic, developed bordered pits had valve-like structures to isolate cavitated elements. These torus-margo structures have an impermeable disc (torus) suspended by a permeable membrane (margo) between two adjacent pores. When a tracheid on one side depressurizes, the disc is sucked into the pore on that side, and blocks further flow. Other plants simply tolerate cavitation. For instance, oaks grow a ring of wide vessels at the start of each spring, none of which survive the winter frosts. Maples use root pressure each spring to force sap upwards from the roots, squeezing out any air bubbles.

Growing to height also employed another trait of tracheids – the support offered by their lignified walls. Defunct tracheids were retained to form a strong, woody stem, produced in most instances by a secondary xylem. However, in early plants, tracheids were too mechanically vulnerable, and retained a central position, with a layer of tough sclerenchyma on the outer rim of the stems. Even when tracheids do take a structural role, they are supported by sclerenchymatic tissue.

Tracheids end with walls, which impose a great deal of resistance on flow; vessel members have perforated end walls, and are arranged in series to operate as if they were one continuous vessel. The function of end walls, which were the default state in the Devonian, was probably to avoid embolisms. An embolism is where an air bubble is created in a tracheid. This may happen as a result of freezing, or by gases dissolving out of solution. Once an embolism is formed, it usually cannot be removed (but see later); the affected cell cannot pull water up, and is rendered useless.

End walls excluded, the tracheids of prevascular plants were able to operate under the same hydraulic conductivity as those of the first vascular plant, Cooksonia.

The size of tracheids is limited as they comprise a single cell; this limits their length, which in turn limits their maximum useful diameter to 80 μm. Conductivity grows with the fourth power of diameter, so increased diameter has huge rewards; vessel elements, consisting of a number of cells, joined at their ends, overcame this limit and allowed larger tubes to form, reaching diameters of up to 500 μm, and lengths of up to 10 m.

Vessels first evolved during the dry, low  periods of the late Permian, in the horsetails, ferns and Selaginellales independently, and later appeared in the mid Cretaceous in angiosperms and gnetophytes.
Vessels allow the same cross-sectional area of wood to transport around a hundred times more water than tracheids! This allowed plants to fill more of their stems with structural fibers, and also opened a new niche to vines, which could transport water without being as thick as the tree they grew on. Despite these advantages, tracheid-based wood is a lot lighter, thus cheaper to make, as vessels need to be much more reinforced to avoid cavitation.

Development

Xylem development can be described by four terms: centrarch, exarch, endarch and mesarch. As it develops in young plants, its nature changes from protoxylem to metaxylem (i.e. from first xylem to after xylem). The patterns in which protoxylem and metaxylem are arranged is important in the study of plant morphology.

Protoxylem and metaxylem
As a young vascular plant grows, one or more strands of primary xylem form in its stems and roots. The first xylem to develop is called 'protoxylem'. In appearance protoxylem is usually distinguished by narrower vessels formed of smaller cells. Some of these cells have walls which contain thickenings in the form of rings or helices. Functionally, protoxylem can extend: the cells are able to grow in size and develop while a stem or root is elongating. Later, 'metaxylem' develops in the strands of xylem. Metaxylem vessels and cells are usually larger; the cells have thickenings which are typically either in the form of ladderlike transverse bars (scalariform) or continuous sheets except for holes or pits (pitted). Functionally, metaxylem completes its development after elongation ceases when the cells no longer need to grow in size.

Patterns of protoxylem and metaxylem
There are four main patterns to the arrangement of protoxylem and metaxylem in stems and roots.

 Centrarch refers to the case in which the primary xylem forms a single cylinder in the center of the stem and develops from the center outwards. The protoxylem is thus found in the central core and the metaxylem in a cylinder around it. This pattern was common in early land plants, such as "rhyniophytes", but is not present in any living plants.

The other three terms are used where there is more than one strand of primary xylem.

 Exarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root, and the xylem develops from the outside inwards towards the center, i.e. centripetally. The metaxylem is thus closest to the center of the stem or root and the protoxylem closest to the periphery. The roots of vascular plants are normally considered to have exarch development.
 Endarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root, and the xylem develops from the inside outwards towards the periphery, i.e. centrifugally. The protoxylem is thus closest to the center of the stem or root and the metaxylem closest to the periphery. The stems of seed plants typically have endarch development.
 Mesarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root, and the xylem develops from the middle of a strand in both directions. The metaxylem is thus on both the peripheral and central sides of the strand with the protoxylem between the metaxylem (possibly surrounded by it). The leaves and stems of many ferns have mesarch development.

History

In his book De plantis libri XVI (On Plants, in 16 books) (1583), the Italian physician and botanist Andrea Cesalpino proposed that plants draw water from soil not by magnetism (ut magnes ferrum trahit, as magnetic iron attracts) nor by suction (vacuum), but by absorption, as occurs in the case of linen, sponges, or powders. The Italian biologist Marcello Malpighi was the first person to describe and illustrate xylem vessels, which he did in his book Anatome plantarum ... (1675). Although Malpighi believed that xylem contained only air, the British physician and botanist Nehemiah Grew, who was Malpighi's contemporary, believed that sap ascended both through the bark and through the xylem. However, according to Grew, capillary action in the xylem would raise the sap by only a few inches; in order to raise the sap to the top of a tree, Grew proposed that the parenchymal cells become turgid and thereby not only squeeze the sap in the tracheids but force some sap from the parenchyma into the tracheids. In 1727, English clergyman and botanist Stephen Hales showed that transpiration by a plant's leaves causes water to move through its xylem. By 1891, the Polish-German botanist Eduard Strasburger had shown that the transport of water in plants did not require the xylem cells to be alive.

See also
 Phloem
 Soil plant atmosphere continuum
 Stele
 Suction
 Tylosis
 Vascular bundle
 Vascular tissue
 Xylem sap

Explanatory notes

References

Citations

General references
  is the main source used for the paragraph on recent research.
  is the first published independent test showing the Scholander bomb actually does measure the tension in the xylem.
  is the second published independent test showing the Scholander bomb actually does measure the tension in the xylem.

  recent update of the classic book on xylem transport by the late Martin Zimmermann

External links

Plant anatomy
Plant cells
Plant physiology
Tissues (biology)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Security Imperative of Stopping Climate Change: Reflections on the 2019 State of the Climate Report
By Dr. Marc Kodack
With the next Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) synthesis report delayed until sometime in 2022 and the next U.S. National Climate Assessment (NCA) slated for 2023, it's important to look to other organizations for synthesized data on the current state of the climate. One such organization is the American Meteorological Society (AMS). AMS recently published their annual State of the Climate report, a global, multi-author effort that summarizes 2019's regional and global climate trends. The picture is very concerning.
Global greenhouse gases continued to increase in 2019, with the average carbon dioxide concentration at 410 ppm, the highest concentration in 800,000 years. The concentration is a 2.5 ppm increase from 2018. Alpine glaciers continued to shrink in size for the 32nd straight year. Lakes in the northern hemisphere were covered seven-less days in ice than the average for the period 1981-2010. Ice loss continued to increase sea levels with an average global increase of 6.1 mm (0.2 in) since 2018. Droughts occurred in multiple places, and though the total land area in drought was not a record, it was on pace with climate change-driven drying trends. Annual precipitation was average, with individual cyclone events contributing large amounts of rain over smaller areas. Global land and ocean temperatures were 0.440-0.560C (0.240-0.310F) above the 1981-2010 average, with 2019 being the second warmest year on record.
For the Arctic, an area where a growing number of nations and their militaries have a serious interest, Alaska had its' warmest year ever, whereas the rest of the Arctic had the second warmest temperatures on record. Surface air temperatures have doubled since the 1980s. The result is a further decrease in sea ice extent and thickness. The darker ocean water absorbs more heat, thus further decreasing the area of sea ice. On land, permafrost continued to melt releasing more carbon and methane into the atmosphere.
AMS's State of the Climate report continues to provide data that shows that climate change trends identified in prior year reports continue, e.g., increases in greenhouse gas concentrations; increased temperatures, both in the air and in the ocean. When the next IPCC and the NCA final reports are available in three years, the trends reported by the AMS are highly likely to continue uninterrupted. If this situation persists, and significant greenhouse gas emissions reductions are not achieved in the next few years, the security consequences are likely to be "High-to-Catastrophic," as the Center for Climate and Security's National Security, Military and Intelligence Panel (NSMIP) warned earlier this year in its threat assessment of global climate change. The panel concluded:
"Even at scenarios of low warming, each region of the world will face severe risks to national and global security in the next three decades. Higher levels of warming will pose catastrophic, and likely irreversible, global security risks over the course of the 21st century."
The challenge of climate change and its global effects on national, regional and global security will decrease the options we have to adapt to these effects in a manner that avoids mass death and globally disruptive instability. AMS's State of the Climate Report is the latest warning in an increasingly urgent message: slow down the scale and pace of climate change now, or face potentially unmanageable threats to society.
Dr. Marc Kodack is Senior Fellow at the Center for Climate and Security and former Sustainability and Water Program Manager in the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Energy and Sustainability.
Uncategorized AMS, climate change, state of the climate
Previous Entry More US-Russia Nuclear Talks & The Future of Arms Control
Next Entry Despite Politics, the Pentagon Launches New Effort on Climate and Environmental Security

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Draculoides neoanthropus est une espèce de schizomides de la famille des Hubbardiidae.

Distribution
Cette espèce est endémique du Pilbara en Australie-Occidentale. Elle se rencontre vers Ore Body dans un forage dans les environs de Newman.

Description
Le mâle holotype mesure .

Publication originale
 Harvey, Berry, Edward & Humphreys, 2008 : Molecular and morphological systematics of hypogean schizomids (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) in semiarid Australia. Invertebrate Systematics, , , .

Notes et références

Hubbardiidae
Espèce de schizomides (nom scientifique)
Faune endémique d'Australie-Occidentale


text:
Ross Monaghan: My life in crisis
By IABC Victoria
In Uncategorised
Ross Monaghan: My life in crisis2014-02-262014-02-28https://vic.iabc.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/iabc-victoria-20yrs-logo-rgb.pngIABC Victoriahttps://vic.iabc.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/iabc-victoria-20yrs-logo-rgb.png200px200px
In a slight twist on our usual '5 minutes' segment, Ross Monaghan of Deakin University talks about how guidance – and a lot of crises – shaped his career and his value as an executive counsel.
Some moments stay with you for life.
The Challenger space shuttle disaster, Princess Diana's death and 9/11 are three public moments that I share with many my age. On a personal level, thoughts of meeting my wife, our wedding, births and deaths bring back a flood of emotions.
These public and private moments are also punctuated by milestone professional events that, looking back, played a key role in shaping my career, and granted me a permanent seat at senior management meetings.
I wish I could say that from day one I had a clear career plan in mind that involved being a business leader. In reality I was lucky, but not because of events. It was because of the guidance I was given.
I started my career as a journalist, entering a newsroom as a copyboy days after Victoria's Ash Wednesday bushfires. When I became cadet journalist, one of my key responsibilities was ambulance chasing. The media flourishes on crisis and disaster, and reporting on tragedy is a daily chore to be accomplished by deadline. I expected the unexpected and learnt to keep a cool head and report the facts as best I could. I watched paramedics and other emergency services calmly and professionally deal with human tragedy.
I distinctly remember arriving at one incident before paramedics, and being shocked that they seemed to stroll to the scene, not rushing around frantically like other untrained people at the scene.
I learnt that staying calm in a crisis is vital.
My early communication career was spent in Australia's largest industrial site with 12,000 employees working with molten iron and red-hot steel.
Communicating the importance of safety to employees was one of my key (and very rewarding) goals, but preparing for the worst was also a high priority. It wasn't long before a large explosion literally rocked my office. Almost 20 people were injured, two seriously. I got to see first hand how a well rehearsed and professional communication team dealt with internal and external stakeholders.
I learnt that preparation and teamwork are crucial in an emergency.
Several years later I joined a smaller team at another steelworks. The second week on site, whilst my manager was on holiday, we suffered the state's worst industrial accident. I met the works general manager for the first time just as I answered a call from the major metropolitan newspaper in that state. With the GM beside me, I dealt with the call, explaining in plain English the process of steelmaking and our emergency processes. I had his trust from that day forward.
In subsequent incidents (and there were far too many) I was always one of the first responders and found when senior managers arrived, they were keen to let me make decisions about communication. That support extended far beyond emergency situations and I found myself regularly consulted about strategy. I became a strategist, and began to manage communication, rather than focusing on tactical issues.
Of course these developments weren't all by chance.
The knowledge I gained at university was crucial in my development, but the skills and experiences I gained in the workplace were equally important, primarily because of the guidance and support I was given (especially around crucial events) by experienced and professional. Some of these mentors were in the organisation I worked, others I met through professional networking in organisations such as IABC.
There are too many to mention individually, but I'll be forever grateful for their guidance.
If you're a new practitioner, when thinking about your career and how you can add value to the C-Suite, consider your skills and knowledge and how mentors can help transform experiences in to positives outcomes. If you're a seasoned practitioner, consider how your skill, knowledge and experiences can benefit others, and at the same time, increase the overall standing of professional communicators. It might be a formal process, or as simple as coming along to an IABC networking event to talk with other practitioners.
Ross Monaghan is the Asia Pacific's member on the IABC Youth Engagement Committee. The group is conducting research and will recommend ways in which IABC will be the professional association of choice for students and young practitioners. Ross has previously served on both the IABC Victoria and IABC NSW Boards. He is currently an academic at Deakin University in Melbourne, Victoria. Ross began his career as a journalist in regional Victoria. He worked for BHP (now BHP Billiton) in Australia and North America for 10 years, before taking on the role of Community Relations Manager for Optus. He helped establish, and was the first chair of, the Mobile Carrier's Forum, and later became the Chief Executive Officer of the Australian Mobile Telecommunications Association.


text:
Listen to the English voices of the Sailor Starlights in this clip of Sailor Moon Sailor Stars
Posted on May 23, 2019 by Adam
As part of Viz Media's ongoing effort to promote and build up hype for their upcoming release of Sailor Moon Sailor Stars (coming to home video on June 18th!) they have released and English clip which includes our first impression of the voices of the Sailor Starlights! This clip from episode 173 is the first appearance of the Sailor Starlights. Check it out below!
New Sailor Guardians hit the stage! Here's a first look at the English voices for the Sailor Star Lights! pic.twitter.com/HScK4K0UfS
— VIZ (@VIZMedia) May 19, 2019
As we previously mentioned the Sailor Starlights will be voiced by Melissa Hutchison as Sailor Star Fighter, Erika Harlacher as Sailor Star Maker and Sarah Williams as Sailor Star Hearler. These are their feminine Sailor Guardian identities. I'm anxious to hear if their portrayal of the Three Lights, their masculine civilian identities, will differ.
If you're planning on picking this set up on Blu-Ray or DVD please consider supporting the site by buying it through the links below.
Stage on!
Source: @VIZMedia on Twitter
The English voices from Sailor Moon Sailor Stars have been announced
Listen to the new voices of Usagi and Mamoru in this new clip of Viz's Sailor Moon dub
Listen to the new English voices of Sailor Uranus and Neptune in this clip of Viz's new dub of Sailor Moon S
The Sailor Starlights are first seen in the US today as Sailor Moon Sailor Stars episodes 172 and 173 are now available on Hulu
Listen to an English clip of Sailor Moon Crystal Season 3 including Haruka and Michiru
This entry was posted in Sailor Moon Anime (1992) and tagged Sailor Moon Sailor Stars, Sailor Moon Sailor Stars episode 173, Sailor Star Fighter, Sailor Star Healer, Sailor Star Maker, Sailor Starlights, Viz English Dub by Adam. Bookmark the permalink.
29 thoughts on "Listen to the English voices of the Sailor Starlights in this clip of Sailor Moon Sailor Stars"
Cory on May 23, 2019 at 10:19 pm said:
Every voice in the VIZ dub is so generic.
Adam on May 25, 2019 at 8:35 pm said:
Throw a Bronx accent in there!
Matt on May 29, 2019 at 7:33 am said:
Bahaha Molly from Long Island!
Aurélia on May 29, 2019 at 7:56 am said:
Interesting fact: Molly is the name that was given to Ami in the French dub. Never understood why, though, since Molly is an English name only. So, can you imagine the smart Ami/Molly with a Bronx accent?
Adam on May 29, 2019 at 11:26 am said:
Some of the French dub choices were so weird. Is anyone in the real world called Bourdu? I only saw about a dozen episodes on TV here back in the day. I have a few seasons on DVD but haven't watched them all yet.
The Glénat manga names were pretty good though. Minor changes were close enough to the originals for the most part.
Aurélia on May 29, 2019 at 12:51 pm said:
Haha yeah, Bourdu! It shocked so many people back then, and it still does, actually. I remember that, as a kid, I was absolutely unable to properly catch Mamoru's French name: Bondu (like the French vegetable brand Bonduelle)? Boudu (like the two French movies called "Boudu sauvé des eaux")? Bourdu? Uh, what the heck? In fact, I wonder if "Bourdu" was not intended to be his family name, which is odd, because all the other characters were called, of course, by their first names. Because, really, Bourdu can only be a family name: https://www.filae.com/nom-de-famille/BOURDU.html.
More than 20 years after Sailor Moon first aired in France, the why of Mamo's French name remains a mystery…
Despite this, I think the first French dub was good (but maybe it is because I was a kid, unable to make any difference because of course, back then, I wasn't aware that Sailor Moon was a Japanese show), even though some characters' voices were recasted for the Dream Arc, if my memory serves me well. Not only that, but, inexplicably, some characters' names were changed during the course of the story (Sailor Venus went from Amélie to Mathilda, Umino from Marc to Joël, Naru went from Nanou to… Naru…).
Well, to me the weirdest choice in that French dub was to turn Zoisite into Kunzite's brother. Just imagine two brothers hugging as if they were lovers… no, just no. The best choice was to turn Zoisite a woman, for sure.
First dub? When did they redub it?
Aurélia on May 29, 2019 at 1:02 pm said:
An old French forum topic I just stumbled upon about Sailor Moon Classic French dub: https://animeguides.com/forum/forum-general/534-sailor-moon-le-doublage-d%C3%A9faillant.html?start=10. Well, it seems a lot of people disliked it.
Joseph on May 29, 2019 at 2:33 pm said:
That brings a literal meaning to the phrase "brotherly love"!
Hahaha yes XD .
My bad, Adam! I thought the Classic anime had been redubbed in French, but, after reading your question, my research proved me I was wrong. Don't know why I thought that, I think I confused it with the Crystal dub. Or maybe my mistake is due to the fact that the Stars season was dubbed in French in 2015 by new voice actors, because the Stars season had never been dubbed in French before and, consequently, it never aired on French TV, due to the cancellation of the Club Dorothée in 1997, the famous children's television programme that was indeed broadcasting Sailor Moon back in the 90's.
So was Club Dorothe like something they had between shows? I am always searching for stuff for "The Bots Master" (my first web page: http://adamrulz.com/botsmaster/) and "Le Maitre des Bots" and I often find Dorothe magazines with articles about it. I guess this show must have played in the same block?
Well, in fact, the Club Dorothée was a full TV programme: there were games, songs and interviews of famous people, for instance, and always in a playful mind. Dorothée was not only a television presenter, she was also (well, she is still alive, but has retired) a singer and a guitarist, just like one of her teammate, François Corbier (he died in 2018). Not only that, but Dorothée was, in those times (90's), a real star for the children and the teenagers. I remember I had three VHS tapes of her, one of her music videos, and two of her live shows at the concert hall of Bercy. I would watch them over and over again. I remember that missing the Club Dorothée after school was always like a little drama for me, and I guess I wasn't the only one. Dorothée has left a trace. A lot of people of my generation, from, let's say, 25 to almost 40 (I'm 29) still have fond and great memories of the Club Dorothée era, and Dorothée and her team still hold a dear place in their hearts.
When the Club Dorothée was cancelled, in 1997 (it began airing in 1987), it was a collective trauma for kids and teens, and I mean it. At least I can remember my reaction: I had the feeling that a part of me was removed. I just couldn't believe it.
The Club Dorothée was also airing Japanese animated series between the team's song/games/interviews: "The Bots Master" (yes! ), "Sailor Moon", "City Hunter", "Grendizer", "Dragon Ball", "Saint Seiya", "Fist of the North Star"… In fact, though the Japanese anime had been introduced in France in the 70's, the Club Dorothée was the media by which the Japanese anime really became widespread in my country. The Club Dorothée was produced by AB Productions. AB Productions, in those times, also produced sitcoms, that was aired, too, in the Club Dorothée (the most well-known of those sitcoms were "Premiers Baisers", "Hélène et les garçons" and "Les Musclés". One of the "Musclés", Bernard Minet, was the singer of several French versions of some anime opening credits, including that of "Sailor Moon").
A few links, if you have the time and the will to dig it :
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xzvfGX_swg
– http://www.generationclubdo.tv/
– https://www.kanpai.fr/kakikomi/paul/japanimation-lepoque-club-dorothee-succes-massacres
It's true that the the Club Dorothée now seems, to an adult eye, to be empty, hysterical, cringy and "schoolboyish". And the truth is that this is what Club Do' was. But when you are a kid, you don't see that. You see only the goofy games, the bright colors, the songs… And this is a legacy that can't be disowned. I would have never watched "Sailor Moon" without the Club Do' .
Hope that helps you!
Very cool. Had no idea.
So much anime in France back then! You guys were a lot ahead of the US and Canada which didn't have all that much when Sailor Moon was coming around. No wonder it was so much easier to find French manga back then!
We used to have TV blocks with PJs (program jockeys) presenting shows but these were only between programs not as a full program themself. I got pretty hooked on watching those characters too and when they would change them it was sad to me. They used to play Sailor Moon, Bots Master and Power Rangers on YTV's "After School Zone" so I watched a lot of that when I was a teenager.
Bobby on May 28, 2019 at 9:19 am said:
I agree. I just got a copy of SupersS with the new English dub and it's not good. Close your eyes and you can't even tell which character is speaking! Oh well, at least when all of Stars is released, Toei will maybe be forced to work on those movies! Here's hoping!
Saintfighteraqua on May 23, 2019 at 10:30 pm said:
They're not bad, but I think one of the strengths of these characters in the Japanese version is that they sound quite a bit different.
Maker has a rather deep (for a woman) voice while Fighter's voice is very energetic and Healer's voice has a sharp tone to it.
Here they sound a tad similar and a bit bored.
The actresses have great voices though, crisp and clear and I enjoyed hearing them.
I also can't wait to hear their Three Lights personas!
I'm even more excited for the Anima Mates, since the voice of Iron Mouse was one of my favorite characters as a kid!
I have to 100% agree here. Too generic. Also, had major Katie Griffin flashbacks during the laser attack. "Staaaaaaar"- my brain was waiting to hear "fiiiirreeee ignite!"
Rami Ungar on May 24, 2019 at 6:07 am said:
That's going to take some getting used to, I'm so used to their Japanese voice actresses. Still, looking forward to it.
Luke Yannuzzi on May 24, 2019 at 7:48 am said:
Very awesome.
Drew on May 24, 2019 at 11:28 am said:
Upon hearing this, I wonder how Melissa will do when she attacks Sailor Uranus in episode 198.
Stephanie K Shockley on May 25, 2019 at 7:02 am said:
Who's playing the monster?
Unless someone has a good ear for it we may not know until the set is released.
Karis on May 26, 2019 at 10:34 am said:
It sounded like Stephanie Sheh to me; I almost thought it was Sailor Moon talking until it showed the villain.
supersonicjc on May 25, 2019 at 8:11 am said:
not bad I kinda feel that healer should have that more higher pitch in her voice like the Japanese counterpart always had, I have to agree tho they sound more bored then wanting to be there, guess it will take time to get to listen to there full dub of the final arc, also cant wait to hear iron mouse I can vaguely remember her girly voice back in the day and that fits that character perfectly imho
She sounds a lot like the princess from Dreamland!
Noname9q on May 26, 2019 at 11:00 am said:
I think the voices are fine. Probably because I am not a native speaker, I cannot feel the genericness in the voices. The only Viz voice I never liked was Naru. Otherwise, I find it perfectly fine dub. The video quality though is quite lacking. Even with the Japanese upscale, SuperS was still pretty bad encode.
Madd on May 26, 2019 at 8:28 pm said:
The voices are not bad, but sound too feminine. I was thinking at least for fighter and maker they would sound a bit more masculine. Overall it is okay, but feels a bit lacking.
EvanTomiko on May 31, 2019 at 9:52 am said:
They sound great!!!
AnDaiya Reynolds on June 9, 2019 at 6:56 pm said:
Not enough emotion


In this blog post, we introduce our new MSc International Project Management. This degree offers students the opportunity to study project management concepts in an international context, preparing students to manage high-level projects across multiple organisations, cultures, regulations and national boundaries.
In light of our launch of a new Hospitality and Tourism Management specialism to our MSc Business with programmes, in this post we investigate the importance of entrepreneurship in the Hospitality and Tourism industry.
In this post, we introduce our exciting new postgraduate accounting programme that integrates study preparation for the ACCA's Professional Level papers as part of the Masters.
Last week, the London Campus hosted a very successful Cultural Day Event where our students showcased their cultures through dance, painting, music, drama and language. The event is a fantastic way to cultivate cultural awareness among our students who came together to celebrate their cultures on campus.
Studying in London is a fantastic opportunity for a variety of reasons, one of which is the job prospects. London is home to thousands of employers and is a global centre of commerce, so there are career opportunities. One of the ways of getting your foot in the door with these employers is through job fairs. Here, we list the must-go fairs for your 2019 calendar.
As part of our Masters with Advanced Practice study options, students can undertake an internship as part of their studies. In this infographic, we give an idea of what our intership students are doing, where they are working, how they got their internships and how our placements team help.
Returning to education can be a very daunting thing to do. After all, as a mature adult you may have spent the last few years working and trying to build up your career. Now you might be wanting something more and gaining new knowledge and an industry relevant qualification seems like the next best step to enhance your career.
In this blog we analyse how Innovation in Business and Technology is transforming the way businesses operate, and the impacts these innovations have on the wider-world environmentally, politically and culturally. All of this links into the module of the same name in our part-time MSc Computing and Technology Masters.
Placements provide invaluable real-world experience for students, having practical experience alongside a Masters degree will make you stand out in the job market. The interview is a crucial part of successfully applying for a position at a company, whether it be in an internship or a high-level job, and making a good impression is essential. We have put together a brief guide to interview best practice and preparation.
Have you ever wondered what it would be like to work within the Cyber Security industry? Ever wondered what it would be like to teach it?
We spoke to one of our part-time Cyber Security Masters students, QA's Citrix Principle Technologist and Training Learner Manager, Michael Coulling-Green, to find out more about his role and the qualifications you'd need for that career.
As we begin to look forward at what the new year will bring, it is important to also take a moment to reflect on the year gone by and what it has meant for business, both in the UK and on a global scale. In this post we explore the defining news stories of 2018, the business trends to watch out for in 2019 and what's next for business in 2019.
Last week, experts in the field of cyber security from academia, government and industry came together at the London Campus for the 12th International Conference on Global Security, Safety and Sustainability (ICGS3). Over the course of 3 days, delegates heard the latest findings from academic research across the world, alongside talks on how industry applies such technology as well as the issues posed by them.
Before the Campus closed its doors for the Christmas/winter break, students enrolled on our MSc Digital Marketing and MSc Business with courses congregated on Campus in their smartest business attire in preparation for their end of term presentation assessment.
In this post, we introduce our new BA (Hons) Accounting and Finance (Top-Up) programme. This degree offers you the opportunity to gain highly in-demand skills in accounting and finance in an international context, exploring up-to-date theories and techniques whilst developing cultural awareness and ethical business practice competence.
Our 3 newly designed part-time computing Masters are designed to offer you career specialisation, career development or give you entry into the sector. However, the key skills and competencies required by all computing professionals is knowledge of information governance and security, and leadership in the digital age.
Strategic leaders play an important role in an organisation and should have a key presence in a company, however, a PwC study has found that, of 6,000 senior executives, only 8 percent turned out to be strategic leaders. In this post we explore how our new programme- MSc Strategic Leadership (Part-time)- can equip you with the skills to become a strategic leader.
In this article, we will take a look at some of the trends that dominated the world of marketing in 2018, including some of the best campaigns and one major marketing game changer: GDPR. We will also take a sneak peek into the future and investigate what the experts are predicting for 2019.
Although summer in London has its good points, the city really comes to life as the days grow shorter and the temperatures drop. There is so much to do before the end of the year, but in this post we focus on 4 things to do in London in the next 2 months.
Studying in another country is a fantastic opportunity – you can master a different language, discover a new culture, and meet people from all walks of life. Although, it also means adapting to new rules and customs, especially those of your school or university. In this article, we will outline some basic dos and don'ts for UK academic life.
We always like to keep in touch with our students and hear what they've been working on after their studies. We recently caught up with Alumnus, Sirajo Gidado who studied MSc Cyber Security at the London Campus to talk about his experience and all things Cyber.
2018 has proven to be another year of significant breaches, government regulation and emerging technologies offering new opportunities to enhance cyber security. However, as technology evolves, the potential to exploit it does too. In this post, we take a look at the biggest stories and emerging trends in cyber.
In this post, Jim O'Brien, BA Business Enterprise, Creation and Management (Top-Up) programme leader discusses the crucial role of innovation in propelling the development of 'flying cars' out of science fiction and firmly in reality.
From October 2018, our new suite of part-time Masters programmes offers you fantastic career specialisation, career switch or career development opportunities within the digital and computing industry. So, no matter where you are in your career path, we will be running a programme tailored to your needs. In this post, we introduce each programme.
Following the Government's attempts to promote and guide an increase in computing and cyber teaching across the UK school system, MSc Cyber Security Programme Leader, Professor Hamid Jahankhani, discusses the role early education has in creating cyber security awareness, and how these plans are performing.
Our infographic shows how simple it is to apply for a course at Northumbria University London Campus. Whether you are an international or UK/EU student, take a look at the application process and the next steps you need to take once you're accepted.
The global logistics, operations and supply chain industry is growing rapidly, with experts in the subject being more in demand than ever before. This new programme aims to equip students with the skills they need to successfully thrive on a global scale.
Being an international student and studying abroad is a fulfilling and exciting thing. You will broaden your world view, grow your social connections across the world and enhance your employability. However, it's perfectly normal to feel unsure about stepping into a new culture and wondering if you're going to fit in. The culture in the UK is enriched by its international mix, but for full emersion into British culture we've put together a brief guide on where to eat, what to see, and how best to communicate with people in London and beyond.
In this post, Programme Leader Jim O'Brien discusses the potential for Artificial Intelligence (AI) to transform the workplace. Sifting through the noise of alarmist headlines, Jim provides the answers on how to future-proof your career in the context of automation.
Moving country is an exciting and big step on your educational journey. But before you get on that plane, you may be wondering what you should bring with you to make your new place truly feel like home. In this post, we take a look at the essentials things you'll need to study and live here at the London Campus.
Data Protection - That Only Applies To Large Companies Doesn't It?
With the new European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) about to come into force, Jim O'Brien, Programme Leader for the BA Business Enterprise, Creation and Management (Top-Up), discusses the new data protection landscape for Small and Medium Enterprises.
Recently our Digital Marketing students had the opportunity to explore the world of Branded Content – content that is produced or funded by an advertiser. Branded Content has become a key part of marketing campaigns, especially for the Business-to-Business (B2B) sector. Last week, students from our MSc Digital Marketing programme visited The Guardian Education Centre to learn how The Guardian provides expertise in Branded Content through their Guardian Labs team.
Choosing to study abroad is an exciting decision to make. With so much information out there, it can be hard to know what is fact, and what is fiction. With a recent rise in international student applications, we look at some popular misconceptions international students have about studying in the UK.
There is an element of truth to the phrase "it's not what you know, it's who you know" – and this is not to undermine the importance of your education, but rather to emphasise how essential networking is in addition to your academic achievements. By combining effective networking with a solid foundation of education, you'll have a recipe for success. In this post, we look at the best ways to network in London.
International students who want to study in the UK will have most likely heard of the IELTS test. But what is it? The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is the world's leading English language skills test. It can seem confusing at first, but when it's broken down, it's really easy to understand and in this post, we're going to help you understand your IELTS.
We recently welcomed Laetitia Lise, a representative from Christian Dior, to our Northumbria University London Campus for a talk on internship opportunities available at Dior. This is of particular interest for our Advanced Practice students, as this study option for our Masters programmes give students the opportunity to undertake an internship as part of their studies.
With the luxury brand market reaching an estimated €1.2 trillion in 2017, we look at three prominent trends facing the sector in the coming years. The rise of social media marketing, consumer demand for corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the ever present fine line of what it is to be luxury, is presenting a number of challenges in luxury brand management – though there are also bountiful opportunities.
The luxury brand sector encompasses the fashion and retail industry, while also having a massive influence on sectors such as beauty, tourism and theatre; among many, many others. This new programme allows students to immerse themselves in the global luxury sector and learn the secrets of brand success.
You hear it a lot, the need for businesspeople to have business intelligence, it sounds obvious, but what exactly is it? In this post, we discuss what business intelligence is, what it entails and how our business programmes are especially designed to enhance it.
Coffee is one of the best ways to keep yourself motivated through long hours of study and work. Here we tell you where you can get some of the best coffee in the city, within easy reach of the campus.
In recent years there has been much discussion concerning the nature of computer crime and how to tackle it. There is confusion over the scope of computer crime, debate over its extent and severity, and concern over where our power to defeat it lies. This blog tackles these questions, discover more inside.
The Prendo simulation gives you valuable Project Management experience that will boost your employability and allow you to develop your syllabus knowledge in a real life simulation. Here, we sit down with the MSc Project Management Programme Leader, Phil Thomas, to introduce and discuss Prendo as well as reflect on the workshop last week.
Our Masters with Advanced Practice programmes will help you stand out to potential employers and give you real business experience that can be applied in any industry. Have a read of Ksenia Nikitina's experience studying with us here in London and find out how a Masters with Advanced Practice can help you master your future.
If you are studying business, listening to a podcast can give you fresh insight. Business is a broad topic, and one which is hit daily by fluctuations in the stock market, political unrest and entrepreneurial breakthroughs. Keeping up to date with what's happening in the news will give you a better handle on the subject.
Ever wondered what it's like to work in Marketing? Katharine Trewern, our Head of Marketing at the London Campus gives us an insight into a typical working day.
If you are thinking about studying for a Masters degree, you've probably already considered how you might fund your studies. Have you considered employer sponsorship? Here we discuss some of the ways you can start the conversation with your manager and how to build a business case.
New to London? Want to know your way around? Our Central London campus is in an area filled with an abundance of shops and cafes. Read our blog for suggestions on how to spend your free time around our campus, one such place is Petticoat Lane market- one of London's oldest market sites.
The digital age shows no sign of waning. We live through the screens of our computers and mobile phones, carrying out everything from shopping and banking to house-hunting and networking. This means that digital marketing is more important – and more influential – than ever before.
Is 2018 The Year You Start Your MSc?
There is always more to learn, but finding the time to study around a busy lifestyle can be a challenge. Watch our video on how to balance life and learning.
Find out what our Learning Advisors can do to help you get started with your part-time Masters. We asked Declan O'Loughlin some questions about his role as a Senior Learning Advisor.
Almost all of the students we speak to at Northumbria University London are here to boost their careers. They all want to shape their futures, which can take more than studying. Here are just some of the activities that we'd recommend for students who have a vision for success.
Our courses give students the essential skills they need to really thrive in their chosen career. With a variety of different courses at the campus, there are plenty of potential careers you can look forward to. Here we look at some of jobs that you could progress to after studying with us at Northumbria University London.
Interested in advancing your leadership, consultancy and strategic management skills? Our latest animation shows all the key facts about our part-time MSc Professional Practice programme.
This week saw the London campus play host to 2 combined international conferences, drawing experts across industry and academia from around the world.
What is Student Finance England?
Our new part-time MSc Professional Practice programme will help you to develop the skills needed to advance into a management or strategic role – all without taking time away from your existing career.
Our London Campus is located right in the heart of the City of London and is close to some famous food hubs and eateries, which are loved by our students. Discover our favourites in this blog post.
Professor Hamid Jahankhani, PhD, FHEA, FRSA, is the Programme Leader for our MSc Cyber Security. Here Hamid discusses the evolving cyber-crime environment and how law enforcement can rise to the challenge of increasingly sophisticated attacks.
Cyber-attacks have far reaching implications for businesses of all sizes and spans across multiple industries and specialisms. Take a look at our latest class profile of I.T working professionals on our part-time MSc Cyber Security.
Our infographic uncovers more about our MA Design Management and how it can help you take a step forward in your career.
Innovative and creative thinking are what drives business growth and solves the complex issues faced by industry and organisations. In this post, we explore the critical relationship between design and business and introduce our new MA Design Management programme.
Northumbria University London held a celebration evening with students and staff to commemorate several graduating programmes.
The MSc Professional Practice is one of our newest programme offerings. Our Programme Leader, Diane Ellison discusses her professional background in this latest blog, and why the MSc Professional Practice could be the ideal fit for you.
Need some guidance on how to start your Northumbria University London application? Our latest infographic takes you through each step of your application with helpful tips and hints.
Ready to reach your full potential in I.T? Get the applied skills you need to advance within this dynamic industry with our part-time MSc Computing and I.T. Do you match our student profile? Take a look at our latest class profile.
All applications to our part-time Masters courses are made via our online portal. This helpful step-by-step guide takes you through the application process.
Northumbria University London is proud to announce a new Internet of Things (IoT) module for our MSc Web and Mobile Development Technologies for September/October 2017. This module reflects the dramatic and ever evolving changes within the technology sector, providing a great introduction to IoT for our students.
What Financing Options Are Available For Part-Time Study?
Are you aware of all the financing options available to you as a part-time Masters student with Northumbria University? Our infographic summarizes the main ways our students can fund their studies with us.
Our students were treated to an interesting and insightful guest lecture from media agency Mindshare about current and future trends in technology.
The diversity of projects, their timelines, number of teams and stakeholders' involved, available budget and project leadership are all areas which have the potential to cause or contribute to project failure. In this blog we look at just a few of the reasons why projects can fail.
The demand in London for cyber security experts is increasing daily – view our 'State of Cyber Security' Infographic for more information on the key stats, issues and the future of cyber.
In this short video, Dr. Guy Brown, Director of the Northumbria University London Campus, introduces our newest part-time Masters programme, the MSc Professional Practice.
Technology shapes the world around us with innovative and rapid change, and represents significant opportunities and risks for society as a whole. Here we look at just three important areas within I.T today.
The job title of Project Manager is found in nearly every business sector and while the specifics of the role may vary, most PMs work to standard methodologies and frameworks. Our blog looks at three interesting, diverse industries you could work in as a project manager.
There has never been a more exciting time to advance your career in computing with high starting salaries and a keen industry demand for skilled professionals.
If you are considering Masters education, even on a part-time basis, you may be concerned with how you will balance studying alongside your work and personal life. Our top 10 study tips can help you get prepared.
The latest in our series of infographics shows you what you should expect to do, and when, during your Masters with Advanced Practice.
Our Masters with Advanced Practice programmes include the opportunity for you to put your learning into practice. This blog looks at the steps involved and what is included in the courses.
Northumbria University London is proud to have hosted this year's highly anticipated 11th International Conference on Global Security, Safety and Sustainability (ICGS3) held on the 18-20 January 2017.
The demand for highly qualified Cyber Security professionals and the skills shortage of qualified individuals to fill these positions, continues to be one of the biggest issues faced today by business, organisations and government across the globe. Take a look at the hottest jobs in cyber security today.
The practice of making New Year's Resolutions can be traced back some 4,000 years ago….. what plans are you making for your personal and professional development this year?
Before our students finished for the festive period in December, the Students' Union threw an end of term party where our international and European students showcased their cultures.
What are your New Year's Resolutions? Thinking of learning something new? Watch our fun 'This year I will' animation and start writing your resolutions list!
There is always more to learn, but not always time. Northumbria University London's part-time Masters is delivered in weekend blocks to help you balance your life alongside your studies.
Many businesses today look to invest in their employees through capitalising in their existing talent pool. This investment in employees is becoming a popular strategy for corporate social responsibility (CSR). Read our blog to find out more.
Cybercrime is recognised as one of the greatest threats to businesses around the world and as a result, there has been a huge global increase in the investment and expansion of cyber security personnel. Despite this, women only represent 11% of the world's information security workforce.
We met with our Campus Manager, Walieur Rahman, to talk about just what you can expect in the first few weeks when you join our London Campus.
Thinking about enhancing your Project Management C.V? Have your considered a part-time MSc Project Management? Our intake snapshot shows you the student profile on our September intake of our part-time programme.
Looking to accelerate your career in Computing and Information Technology? Our intake snapshot shows you the type of students we welcomed onto our inaugural part-time MSc Computing and IT programme.
Interested in studying for a part-time MSc Cyber Security? Read our infographic on programme details and our 2016 class profile.
London offers a wonderful mix of opportunities to learn, both at university and elsewhere in the city. Here we take a look at some of the venues that run regular free lectures and events that you might be interested in.
One of the degree types we offer at Northumbria is the 'Masters with Advanced Practice'. You might not have heard of this kind of course before, so here we explain what it means, who it might suit and why we think it is such a good way to learn.
Need a change of scenery? There are so many different places for you to study all across London, take a look at our favourites here.
Have you considered a move into Computing and IT? We have put together a list of 5 reasons why you should consider a career move.
Infographic: What is a Masters with Advanced Practice?
We've put together a handy infographic to help you understand our Masters with Advanced Practice.
We've put together a list of 10 things most students wish they had known before coming to study in this amazing city.
When you're studying to boost your career, the last thing you want is for your degree to lose professional relevance after you graduate.
This could be your big chance to pursue a Masters degree in the UK – so make sure you're up to date on the new rules!


Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), caused when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) does not close properly, and stomach contents leak back (reflux) into the esophagus. When refluxed stomach acid touches the lining of the esophagus, it causes a burning sensation (heartburn). GERD may lead to histopathological changes in the esophagus.


text:
Julia Graham
Deputy CEO and technical director
Airmic
Julia Graham is the deputy CEO and technical director of Airmic, where she heads up the Airmic thought leadership and education agendas. Julia has been a risk and insurance professional for more than 40 years, as director of risk management and insurance for global law firm DLA Piper, and prior to that, as head of strategic risk, insurance and compliance for RSA. Julia is a fellow of the Chartered Insurance Institute and a fellow of the Business Continuity Institute. A past president of FERMA, the Federation of European Risk Management Associations, she is currently a board member of IFRIMA, the International Federation of Risk and Insurance Management Associations. She is a non-executive director of four captive insurance companies domiciled in Guernsey. Julia's guilty pleasure is 'fast cars' 😊 (she drives a nifty sports car and is a big fan of Formula 1). She's good at making and cooking (and eating) pasta. Julia has two daughters who throughout her life have tried and totally failed to keep her in order.


Welcome to the Members' section of the afhe website! Members must login for access to the sections below.
Members - Do you have an article to submit?
If you would like an article posted on the AFHE website, please email it to the AFHE Management Office for review and approval.


mobile dolomite impact crusher suppliers in . portable dolomite cone crusher provider in malaysia. used dolomite impact crusher price indonessia . Get Price And Support Online; Dolimite Crusher Supplier In Indonessia - website-tv. ... mobile dolomite jaw crusher for sale in indonessia.
portable limestone cone crusher suppliers . mobile dolomite cone crusher manufacturer in indonessia portable coal jaw crusher suppliers in portable limestone portable limestone crusher provider indonessia.


text:
<?php
class OS_BR{

    private $agent = "";
    private $info = array();

    function __construct(){
        $this->agent = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] : NULL;
        $this->getBrowser();
    }

    function getBrowser(){
        $browser = array("Navigator"            => "/Navigator(.*)/i",
                         "Firefox"              => "/Firefox(.*)/i",
                         "Internet Explorer"    => "/MSIE(.*)/i",
                         "Google Chrome"        => "/chrome(.*)/i",
                         "MAXTHON"              => "/MAXTHON(.*)/i",
                         "Opera"                => "/Opera(.*)/i",
                         );
        foreach($browser as $key => $value){
            if(preg_match($value, $this->agent)){
                $this->info = array_merge($this->info,array("Browser" => $key));
                $this->info = array_merge($this->info,array(
                  "Version" => $this->getVersion($key, $value, $this->agent)));
                break;
            }else{
                $this->info = array_merge($this->info,array("Browser" => "UnKnown"));
                $this->info = array_merge($this->info,array("Version" => "UnKnown"));
            }
        }
        return $this->info['Browser'];
    }

    function getVersion($browser, $search, $string){
        $browser = $this->info['Browser'];
        $version = "";
        $browser = strtolower($browser);
        preg_match_all($search,$string,$match);
        switch($browser){
            case "firefox": $version = str_replace("/","",$match[1][0]);
            break;

            case "internet explorer": $version = substr($match[1][0],0,4);
            break;

            case "opera": $version = str_replace("/","",substr($match[1][0],0,5));
            break;

            case "navigator": $version = substr($match[1][0],1,7);
            break;

            case "maxthon": $version = str_replace(")","",$match[1][0]);
            break;

            case "google chrome": $version = substr($match[1][0],1,10);
        }
        return $version;
    }

    function showInfo($switch){
        $switch = strtolower($switch);
        switch($switch){
            case "browser": return $this->info['Browser'];
            break;

            case "os": return $this->info['Operating System'];
            break;

            case "version": return $this->info['Version'];
            break;

            case "all" : return array($this->info["Version"],
              $this->info['Operating System'], $this->info['Browser']);
            break;

            default: return "Unkown";
            break;

        }
    }
}
//
function getOS($userAgent) {
  // Create list of operating systems with operating system name as array key
	$oses = array (
		'iPhone' => '(iPhone)',
		'Windows 3.11' => 'Win16',
		'Windows 95' => '(Windows 95)|(Win95)|(Windows_95)', // Use regular expressions as value to identify operating system
		'Windows 98' => '(Windows 98)|(Win98)',
		'Windows 2000' => '(Windows NT 5.0)|(Windows 2000)',
		'Windows XP' => '(Windows NT 5.1)|(Windows XP)',
		'Windows 2003' => '(Windows NT 5.2)',
		'Windows Vista' => '(Windows NT 6.0)|(Windows Vista)',
		'Windows 7' => '(Windows NT 6.1)|(Windows 7)',
		'Windows NT 4.0' => '(Windows NT 4.0)|(WinNT4.0)|(WinNT)|(Windows NT)',
		'Windows ME' => 'Windows ME',
		'Open BSD'=>'OpenBSD',
		'Sun OS'=>'SunOS',
		'Android'=>'Android',
		'Linux'=>'(Linux)|(X11)',
		'Safari' => '(Safari)',
		'Macintosh'=>'(Mac_PowerPC)|(Macintosh)',
		'QNX'=>'QNX',
		'BeOS'=>'BeOS',
		'OS/2'=>'OS/2',
		'Search Bot'=>'(nuhk)|(Googlebot)|(Yammybot)|(Openbot)|(Slurp/cat)|(msnbot)|(ia_archiver)'
	);

	foreach($oses as $os=>$pattern){ // Loop through $oses array
    // Use regular expressions to check operating system type
		if(eregi($pattern, $userAgent)) { // Check if a value in $oses array matches current user agent.
			return $os; // Operating system was matched so return $oses key
		}
	}
	return 'Unknown'; // Cannot find operating system so return Unknown
}

// using
$obj = new OS_BR();
// get all information and it returns an array
$country = file_get_contents('http://api.hostip.info/country.php?ip='.$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
// Below is the example IP from canada.
//$country = file_get_contents('http://api.hostip.info/country.php?ip=192.197.121.3');

$time = date('d-m-Y H:i');
$date = date('d-m-Y', strtotime($time));
$nTime = date('H:i', strtotime($time));

?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Found in 1976, The Walker Center provides residential and outpatient treatment for substance abuse at three locations—Boise, Twin Falls and Gooding—in Idaho. Its services are individualized to meet the needs of many clients. Blending the principles of the 12 steps with evidence-based therapies such as CBT, this program offers a full continuum of care including adult residential treatment, medically monitored detox and outpatient treatment for adults and adolescents.
The 42-bed residential program is located in a spacious, modern facility in Gooding, a small town in south-central Idaho. The detox unit has 12 of those beds. Dorm-like bedrooms with attached bathrooms are shared between two clients. The rooms feature twin beds, dressers and desks. Men and women occupy different wings of the building. The facility also features therapy rooms, offices, a dining hall, a common area with a TV and a small gym. Smoking is permitted in designated areas during break time.
Three meals a day are provided for clients. The menu changes on a daily basis, with favorites such as chicken wings and macaroni and cheese. Special dietary requests can usually be accommodated.
The Walker Center provides an array of services, including detox, residential care and outpatient programs. While the residential program is for adults only, the outpatient services are available for both adults and adolescents. Thanks to highly individualized treatment plans, clients receive a personalized approach to recovery.
The adult residential program offers gender-specific and gender-separate treatment. The length of stay depends on the individual, although a minimum of 28 days is required. The medically-monitored detox process usually takes between three and seven days and is included in the cost. Once stabilization has been reached, the client moves to the residential unit and begins a rigorous schedule of therapy.
Evidence-based modalities such as CBT are used throughout treatment in both a group and individual setting. Group therapy happens on a daily basis, with topics such as relapse prevention, life skills, anger management, self-esteem and an introduction to the 12 steps. Individual therapy gives clients a chance to have one-on-one time with their primary therapist. These one-hour sessions usually occur once a week. The cost for the residential program is $10,250 per month.
Outpatient services are available to both adults and adolescents. An initial assessment determines the level of care needed. The high-level outpatient program meets three times a week, for a total of nine hours, while the low-level outpatient meets once a week for three hours. Both programs involve group therapy, individual therapy and family work. CBT and MRT are used throughout treatment. The cost for this program is roughly $2,500 per month.
The staff includes doctors, nurses, Master's-level therapists and CSACs.
Family members of those in the residential program can participate in the recovery process through the family program. Six times each month, family group therapy is offered in the evening. During this time, topics such as codependency, healthy communication, boundaries and coping skills are discussed.
The Walker Center relies heavily on evidence-based techniques to help clients develop a different way of thinking. Through long hours spent in group therapy, clients are able to understand their past behaviors, while learning new ways of coping. This straightforward program creates a solid foundation for sobriety.
Do you have a complaint or review The Walker Center. to add? Use the comments area below to add your The Walker Center review.


Inspired by the beautiful lavender Farm Broadway, this workshop will explore abstraction and expressive mark-making in relation to landscape.
You will be working at Little Buckland Gallery and at the Cotswold Lavender Farm.
Using a range of media to include inks, water soluble paints, pastels collage graphite and charcoal.
The first day is designed to develop a sense of place through expressive mark-making, drawing and written notes.
The second day will begin by looking at some contemporary abstract landscape painters, including Kurt Jackson, Frank Auerbach, Ivon Hitchens and John Piper. The use of colour and composition, mark-making and technique will be discussed.
At the end of the two days you will have a number of black and white sketchbook studies, as well as some small colour paintings. You may have time to start a larger piece.
Equipment list sent on booking.