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'Spain's Stonehenge' Emerges and a New Megalithic Site Is Found
Two major megalithic sites in Spain are making the news simultaneously. Authorities recently discovered one of the sites in the southern province of Huelva, while another dubbed "Spain's Stonehenge" emerged due to drought in the central province of Caceres.
First, authorities surveying land for an avocado plantation discovered what is being called a new "major megalithic site" in Europe. The site in the province of Huelva in the Andalusian region covers 1,500 acres of land with over 526 standing stones or menhirs, from 3 to 10 feet tall. With many stones buried deep into the ground, it will take years of excavations to uncover them.
Some of the stones may have been erected over 7,000 years ago.
(Image credit: José Antonio Linares-Catela et al., Trabajos de Prehistoria)
It's hard to believe that such a large megalithic site could be a new discovery in a province with a population of over 150K. Perhaps, the site was a well-kept secret or so isolated that few knew about it?
Whatever the case, someone attempted to get a permit for the avocado plantation, prompting the survey. Surely, everyone must have been shocked to find a large megalithic complex near the border with Portugal.
Related: Mammoth Bones in Scientist's Backyard Suggest Humans in New Mexico 36,000+ Years Ago
Newly-Discovered Diverse Megalithic Site
Then, archaeologists from Huelva University, including Jose Anotonio Linares, arrived. It's an epic windfall for the archaeologists to find what's now called the La Torre-La Janera site in Huelva.
"This is the biggest and most diverse collection of standing stones grouped together in the Iberian peninsula," said Linares.
Dolmens, Mounds, and Cromlechs
By diverse, Linares refers to a collection of not only single standing stones but also mounds, cromlechs, and dolmens. In the latter case, vertical megaliths support a table-like horizontal capstone. Sometimes, people were buried inside, but the purpose and methods used to construct the dolmens remain mysterious.
Many dolmens are in northwest Europe but also southern France, Africa, and Asia. Although little-known, two-fifths of the world's dolmens are in Korea.
Cromlechs are stone circles like Stonehenge but are considered among the first house-like man-made structures. The stones sometimes encircled a dolmen or mound.
Prehistoric Coffins
There are separate Stone Chest cists which are prehistoric European coffins at the site in Huelva. However, most of the structures are single-standing stones, some aligned along an axis. According to Phys.org, the stones were often aligned in groups of 26, with two cromlechs placed on hilltops.
Many remain upright while others are lying down.
The site is also "excellently conserved," according to Primitiva Bueno from Alcala University.
"Finding alignments and dolmens on one site is not very common," Buenvo told AFP.
"Here you find everything all together: alignments, cromlechs and dolmens and that is very striking," she said, hailing the site's "excellent conservation."
Video by "MegalithHunter" which discusses the interesting use of crystal in Neolithic burial grounds:
Megalithic Site Dubbed 'Spanish Stonehenge' Emerges
At the same time, another site dubbed the 'Spanish Stonehenge' has emerged in central Spain due to severe drought. The official name is the Dolmen of Guadalperal, a group of dozens of megaliths arranged in a circle (like Cromlechs). As with the standing stones in Huelva, these are thought to date to 5000 BC.
Unlike in Huelva, this site was first discovered in 1926 but went underwater when authorities created the Valdecanas reservoir in 1963. Now fully emerged, the monoliths have previously been visible four times.
screenshot via YouTube
According to Reuters, the Iberian peninsula is the driest it has been in 1,200 years due to climate change.
Video by NBC News:
Another Structure in Huelva
Huelva is home to another interesting structure, a 114-foot-high cubist limestone statue of Christopher Columbus, erected in 1929 where the Odiel and Tinto rivers meet. The stone for the statue came from quarries in a town in Huelva called Niebla. On the statue's pedestal, bas-reliefs show Aztec, Mayan, Inca, Christina elements, and Earth's four hemispheres.
A plaque honors the sailor who found a "new world."
Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney of the wealthy Vanderbilt family in the United States designed the statue called Monument to the Discovery Faith. She is well-known for the Whitney Museum of American Art, which she founded. On the day of the ceremony for the statue, she was named an adopted daughter of Huelva.
Ancient Symbols from Egypt
Columbus's voyage began and ended across the Tinto River in Palos de la Frontera. Initially, King John II of Portugal rejected his plans in 1484, and Columbus resided in a nearby Franciscan monastery. He would later embark in 1492. The same monastery is where a ceremony for the statue's unveiling took place.
The statue shows Columbus leaning on a Tau cross like a letter T, and his likeness resembles a friar from the monastery, La Rábida. Some say the statue is a Franciscan friar and not Columbus himself.
Left: Saint Anthony of Egypt wearing the Antonine cloak in a 1460s woodcut via Wikimedia Commons. Right: Cross Inneenboy (replica) near Corofin, County Clare, Ireland via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0
The Tau Cross originated with the ancient Egyptians and was later adopted by early Coptic Christians. It was associated with the Egyptian monk St. Anthony, who was said to lean on a tau-shaped crutch. Later, St. Francis and the Franciscans adopted the Tau Cross.
According to Whitney's great-granddaughter, the design for the statue was inspired by Egyptian art and architecture.
"The haunting simplicity of the monument's grand yet minimal Art Deco stylization reminded me of the art and architecture Whitney had observed in Egypt in 1927, shortly before designing the statue," wrote Fiona Donovan.
Left: Monumento a Colón. Ría de Huelva, Huelva. Spain via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Right: Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney with the head of her Columbus Monument in Huelva, Spain. Credit…Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Featured image: Screenshot via YouTube/NBC News
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Categories: Ancient World, Culture, Religion
Tags: Columbus, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Huelva, megalithic, megaliths, Spain, St. Anthony, standing stones, Stonehenge, Tau cross


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For the past three years, Rotary district 7620 has conducted evaluations of its annual district conferences using web surveys. As mentioned in the first post in this series, conducting such evaluations is important. Millions of hours and tens of millions of dollars are invested every year by Rotarians in attending district conferences, yet these conferences are rarely evaluated thoroughly.
This post shows how such evaluations can be useful by summarizing results for the (highly successful) 2014 conference (the report for all three conferences combined is entitled Evaluating Rotary District Conferences: Lessons from District 7620). The third post will provide lessons learned on what Rotarians would like to see in future conferences. While the analysis is specific to district 7620, it probably has broader relevance as well.
The evaluations of the previous two conferences of the district (in 2012 and 2013) suggested that while participants enjoyed these conferences, they could have been shorter and less expensive with more engaging speakers and more learning opportunities. Conferences should also be fun.
Did the district succeed in organizing a great conference in 2014? To a large extent, the answer is yes. The conference was shorter, and had lots of fun, but its cost for participants remained relatively high. The conference was better attended than in previous years. Most participants were seasoned Rotarians, but many Interactors and Rotaractors participated as well, thanks in part to an Interact Leadership Conference organized as a smaller sub-conference within the main conference.
Almost 60 percent of participants rated the conference as better than previous conferences, which is a major achievement (in the previous two years most respondents rated the conference as on par with previous conferences). A total of 100 Interactors, Rotaractors, and Rotarians responded to the web-based evaluation survey for the conference, which makes its results reliable.
Data on satisfaction rates with the facilities and various aspects of the conference were obtained and are shown in the Figure below. Most of the ratings look great with large shares of respondents rating various aspects as very good or good. The hotel rooms as well as the conference and hotel facilities and the convenience of the location ranked at the top. The organization of the conference and the opportunities for fellowship were also well rated. Even the category on learning about Rotary was well rated, but as in previous years only one in five participants said that they had learned a lot of new information that is likely to be useful to them as Rotarians. Apart from the issue with the quality of the food served by the hotel, the cost of the conference was the category with the lowest ratings. This is in fact an issue that has been identified for three years in a row.
The evaluation provided feedback on all conference sessions. For 26 sessions the sample size was large enough to tabulate responses (a minimum of 10 respondents per session was required to assess a session individually). The conference was focused on youth (on Friday and Saturday) and Wounded Warriors (for the Sunday brunch). Nine of the 26 sessions got 60 or more "very good" ratings.
By and large these were the sessions on youth, including the traditional Four Way Test competition for high school students, a See Something Say Something theater performance on bullying by Interactors from North Carolina, a speech by Jack Andraka – the winner of the prestigious Intel high school competition, and a speech by Teresa Scanlan – a recent Miss America and founder of an orphanage in Haiti. Also highly rated were the Interact Leadership Conference and the Mother's Day brunch with wounded warriors on Sunday. Hospitality suites as always also fared very well.
For those who did not attend this specific conference, all this may seem a bit abstract. But these data and results are provided to make the point that by evaluating conferences through simple web surveys, you can know exactly which sessions were great, and which ones not so great. This obviously can be useful for preparing future conferences. In addition, for the 2014 conference, it was clear that the focus on youth and wounded warriors was a hit, something to keep in mind.
The evaluation – including feedback from open-ended qualitative questions included in the web survey, also suggested areas for improvement, together with data on preferences regarding the type of speakers to invite, the length and cost of these conferences, and some of their other features. All of this will be discussed in the third and last post on this topic.
Note: Part of the analysis in this post is updated from a section in a book published by the author entitled Membership in Service Clubs: Rotary's Experience (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014).
Note: This post is the first in a series of three on preparing and evaluating conferences. Part 1 is about the need to evaluate, part 2 about a case study doing so, and part 3 on some of the lessons learned.
Many organizations, including firms, NGOs, professional associations, as well as service clubs, organize annual conferences. These conferences are essential not only for running the business of the organization, but also for building team work among the members of the organization. It is not clear however whether these annual conferences are evaluated properly.
In the case of Rotary, a global service club organization founded in 1905 which has today 1.2 million members, a global annual convention is organized typically in June of each year. But what may matter more are the conferences organized by each of the 530 or so districts in the world. These district conferences are annual events to which Rotarians from the district are invited to participate. They represent the main event where Rotarians from different clubs belonging to a common geographic area can meet each other and exchange their experiences.
It is important for an organization such as Rotary International to pay attention to district conferences not only because they are essential events in the life of clubs and districts, but also because the resources invested in the conferences are substantial, in terms of both time and money. Right now is the time when many Rotary districts are actively preparing their next annual conference, since these events are typically held in April or May before the end of the Rotary year.
This first post in a series of three on preparing and evaluating great conferences provides quick and dirty "back of the envelope" calculations of the potential investments made in district conferences every year. Because this investment is rather large, the conferences should be evaluated seriously.
Consider first the allocation of time. To provide a very rough estimate of the time that may be invested every year in preparing and attending district conferences, data from the last three conferences organized by District 7620 can be used. The first conference was organized by district 7620 jointly with district 7630 in 2012. Together the two districts cover the states of Maryland and Delaware, as well as the District of Columbia (that is, the capital city Washington, DC). For the second conference, district 7610 in Northern Virginia joined in as well. The third conference was organized solely by district 7620.
The total attendance at the three conferences combined was estimated at about 1,050 Rotarians and guests. If one considers that activities at the conference go on for up to ten hours per day, and if we assume that participants on average spend 2.5 days attending the conferences (including travel time), with 1050 participants this would represent an investment in time of 26,250 hours. Together, the two districts that organized the joint conference in 2012 have about 4,000 Rotarians, and when the three districts are included for the 2013 conference, membership is above 6,000. For district 7620 in 2014, the membership was at about 2,350. Over the three years, this represents a potential attendance at the conference of close to 12,400 Rotarians. Therefore the amount of time allocated on average for the two conferences was then approximately 2.12 hours per Rotarian per year.
Multiplying this estimate by the number of Rotarians in the world yields an allocation of about 2.54 million hours per year for Rotary worldwide just for Rotarians to attend district conferences. This estimate may well be on the low side given that the attendance rate at the two conferences evaluated in this report, at about 8.5 percent on average for the three years using the approach just outlined, may be lower than is typical in other districts.
In addition, one should include the time spent by district leadership teams and conference committee members as well as district executive secretaries in preparing the conferences. It is not unrealistic to suggest that for any given district at least 30 Rotarians will volunteer time to help prepare various aspects of the conferences, including preparing their own presentations. Some of these Rotarians will spend a very large amount of time on the conferences, especially if they are part of the core organizing committee, while others will spend less time.
Just for the sake of the argument, consider an average of 25 hours spent by each of the 30 Rotarians for preparing various aspects of the conference (this is probably a rather low estimate). With some 530 Rotary districts worldwide, this would generate another 400,000 volunteer hours for preparation. Thus, possibly three million hours are allocated to district conferences every year by Rotarians, and this may well be a conservative estimate. The bottom line is that clearly a large amount of time is allocated to prepare and attend these conferences, so that making these conferences a success does matter for all those involved.
Consider next the question of cost. Most of the costs of district conferences are borne by participants who pay their hotel bill as well as a fee for attending the conference to cover meals and other costs. A typical fee in the United States to attend a district conference will run at a few hundred dollars including meals and hotel rooms.
District conferences tend to be organized in major hotels or resorts, at least in the United States, so that even when special rates are obtained, room fees will typically be in the $100 to $150 per night. Some Rotarians stay for three or more nights, others for only one or two nights, and some just come for a day. Guests are likely to have additional expenses both at the site of the conference and to get to the conference site.
Assume, again for the sake of the argument, that on average the total cost of the conference per attendee is of the order $600 – it will often be higher for those staying three nights, but it will be lower for those coming just for one day without staying any night in the hotel or resort. Even based on the somewhat low attendance rate of about 8.5 percent mentioned above for the three conferences considered here, with 1.2 million Rotarians worldwide, this would generate a cost of $61 million per year.
This might be too high because the cost of district conferences may be lower in other countries than it is in the United States. But on the other hand, this does not include special costs for the attendance of high level Rotary officials (whether those are paid for by districts or Rotary International) and other invited speakers. This estimate does not include the cost at Rotary headquarters to oversee and monitor district conferences and it also does not include the cost of the annual Rotary convention that typically welcomes more than 20,000 Rotarians from all over the world each year and could in a way be considered as a super district conference.
This cost estimate also does not factor in the opportunity cost of the time allocated by Rotarians to prepare and attend the conferences (that opportunity cost could be very high if estimated as is normal practice at the wage rate of those involved). Overall, the costs of district conferences are likely to be substantial, and could be higher than those indicated here depending on conference participation rates.
Major investments in time and money are made every year by Rotarians to prepare and attend district conferences. These conferences are the highlight of the Rotary year in each district. They should be evaluated well. The second post in this series will show how this can be done professionally at very low cost with a case study, and the third post will discuss lessons from the evaluation of the last three conferences of district 7620.


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Muong Phang is a valley 30km from Dien Bien Phu City via route 279 (Route 41 during the Dien Bien Phu Campaign), 20km via the mountain path and 10km as the crow flies.
Muong Phang was well hidden by dense forests and ranges of mountains. The mountain peaks at Muong Phang could offer clear views of the Muong Thanh Valley where the Dien Bien Phu Battle took place. That was why the valley was chosen to house Viet Minh's Campaign Headquarters from 31-January-1954 to 15-May-1954. It was in the valley of Muong Phang that models of the French Dien Bien Phu Hedgehog were made to train the commanders of Viet Minh troops before the battles.
Before Muong Phang, the Headquarters was at Tham Pua Cave at Chieng Sinh Commune in Tuan Giao District (17-December-1953 to 17-January-1954) and Huoi He Village at Na Tau Commune (18-January-1954 to 30-January-1954).
Traveling to Muong Phang nowadays you can still visit the huts housing different commanding departments of the Viet Minh's troops. The site is still covered by dense forest and hidden from aerial view. In the back of the area, there used to be trails leading the the mountain peaks where General Giap and his comrades observed and commanded the battles in the Muong Thanh Valley. We could still climb the mountains following trails used by villagers.
Muong Phang is inhabited by the Black Thai ethnic group. Their villages can be visited on your trip here. You may also want to visit Pa Khoang Lake a body of water surrounded by dense forest 7km from the center of the valley.
Paradissa offers different trips which travel through Muong Phang: historical tours, battlefield tours and bicycle tours. Our mountain biking trips take you on an adventure through Thai villages, forests, scenic rice terraces to Dien Bien Phu City. Some of you may want to climb the Pu Huot and Pu To Coong Mountains where General Giap observed and commanded the battles of Dien Bien Phu. The hike takes half a day.
Accommodations and restaurants are not readily available at Muong Phang yet. Paradissa could arrange the services at a local Thai family. If you travel solo to Muong Phang, you'd better bring along your own food.


On November 27, 2015 (the "Effective Date"), Computer Sciences Corporation ("CSC") distributed all of the shares of common stock of CSRA, Inc. ("CSRA"), a wholly owned subsidiary of CSC, to CSC shareholders (the "Distribution"). Promptly following the Distribution, on November 30, 2015, CSC and CSRA each paid a concurrent special cash dividend of $2.25 per share and $8.25 per share, respectively, to each holder of CSC common stock that received shares of CSRA common stock as a result of the Distribution (together, the "Special Dividend"). Prior to the Distribution, CSC contributed certain assets and operations relating to CSC's North American Public Sector segment to CSRA.
The Distribution occurred by way of a pro rata dividend to CSC shareholders of record as of November 18, 2015 (the "Record Date"). Each CSC shareholder was entitled to receive one share of CSRA common stock for every share of CSC common stock held by such shareholder at the close of business on the Record Date. CSC did not distribute any fractional shares to shareholders in the Distribution.
The documentation provided below summarizes certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Distribution, as well as provides additional information.
The information contained herein does not apply to you if you sold, exchanged or otherwise disposed of CSC common stock prior to the time of the Distribution and you did not receive the Distribution of CSRA shares with respect to such CSC common stock after the close of the market on November 27, 2015.
The information contained herein has been prepared by CSC for general information purposes only and does not represent an opinion of counsel or otherwise constitute tax advice. It does not purport to be complete or to describe the consequences that may apply to particular categories of shareholders. The information contained herein also assumes that you are a U.S. taxpayer that holds your CSC common stock as a capital asset (generally, property held for investment). The tax rules are very complex, and you are urged to consult your own tax advisor with respect to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Distribution, as well as any other U.S. federal, state, local or foreign tax laws. We also urge you to read the information statement for the Distribution, noting especially the section entitled "The Transactions—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Spin-Off" for more information regarding the potential tax consequences to you of the Distribution.


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Dec 11 2019 December 11, 2019 December 11, 2019 6Comments	by Administrator
'Tell Minister' service for complaints about roads and highways
The 'Tell Minister' Facebook page was launched recently in accordance with a concept of Minister of Roads and Highways, Ports and Shipping Johnston Fernando to set up a database that could operate as an interface between the Minister and citizens, a communique from the Ministry said.
Members of the public can now present their issues relating to roads and highways directly to the Minister via this service provided under the page 'Ministry of Roads and Highways'.
People can also notify the Minister of difficulties faced by them on the roads and highways such as issues associated with road signs and signals, and complaints regarding drivers, pedestrians, or any organisation not following road rules and regulations.Minister Johnston Fernando initiated the 'Tell Minister' service with the aim of establishing an efficient public service in line with the concept of President Gotabaya Rajapaksa.
(Government News Portal)
6 Responses to 'Tell Minister' service for complaints about roads and highways
Ranjith says:
Good idea. Hope it works.
Kota Katu says:
Good initiative but will the Minister listen to the public? To be honest, no politician does.
The Facebook page does not assure complainants of a response within a stipulated time nor does it indicate follow up.
Why wait for the members of the public to complain. He should give the car and travel in public transport to find out the agony of the public.
new broom sweeps well
AUTO says:
Someone has made a good start. A step in the right direction . Some people are apt to ridicule or cast aspersions on this venture, Some have already forecast this as a total failure. Let us give the minister a chance to achieve his target.
Fiery Fernando says:
Such ad-hoc measures such as Facebook pages will not last for long.
The Government should have an Ombudsman's Office with an extensive web based system linking to all Ministries, Departments, Provicial Administration, State owned enterprises and Local Authorities where the public could lodge complaints.
Statistics on complaints received and complaints resolved should be available on the Ombudsman's web site.
We are an advanced democracy and openness and transparency should be the bedrock of governanace.
Yahapalana's RTI intiative and the Office of Missing Persons initiative are admirable.
The Govt should take the enxt step and ensure proper complaint management through the Ombusman.
Home » 'Tell Minister' service for complaints about roads and highways

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Horizon Zero Dawn – First Impressions
I'm officially late to the Horizon Zero Dawn party (mostly thanks to Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon Wildlands' initial addictiveness) and by the time I'd loaded it up, I'd already read thousands of words praising….well, pretty much everything about it. Obviously that raised my expectations somewhat, and a game I'd initially bought with a fair degree of ambivalence was now being talked about almost everywhere in Game Of The Year/Console Shifter type terms. Given it's only March, GOTY talk suggests either something really rather special, or some weird kind of mass delusion but, either way, I was genuinely quite excited to see what all the fuss was about…….
And at first…. I didn't totally get it. Like, I could see that Horizon Zero Dawn looked fantastic, and I'd caught glimpses of why Aloy was being universally received as such a great character, and I'd even been quite taken with the post-apocalyptic-futuristic-stone-age setting of Horizon Zero Dawn – but in my first few hours of the game, I'd not really come across anything that properly grabbed me; anything that heralded this as something particularly new or spectacular. Indeed (aside from all the robots and shit, obviously) I'd frequently have to remind myself that I wasn't playing Far Cry Primal again, and I'd sort of made my peace with playing through another 40+ hours of reasonably enjoyable (but not particularly memorable) Hunting and Gathering shiznizz.
After those initial couple of hours however, things slowly started to change. First it was probably the poignant farewell to Aloy's father figure that grabbed my attention, then that was quickly followed up by an intriguing little hint about Aloy's origins, before then coming across a particular collectible that was quite cool, in a goosebump-ey kinda way. Moreover, as I plugged away at the Game's opening areas, all of these individually cool things started to fit together, creating a deep and mesmerising world that was exponentially greater than the sum of its parts. Stumbling across an old roadsign or statue, for example – a stupidly small thing – would add to the mystery and wonder, and it'd make even the most mundane side-quest feel like a catalyst for discovering a little bit more about Horizon Zero Dawn's Universe. Likewise, each "activity" type, or hidden area etc. felt intricately and cleverly woven into Aloy's journey, and I wanted to pursue them all precisely because they'd contribute in some way to the odyssey she was undertaking, or to the skillset she'd need to survive it.
Even the side-quests themselves felt weirdly vital – and whilst finding somebody's missing ring wasn't hugely pivotal to the overarching narrative per se, I found myself willingly undertaking such errands because I keenly felt Aloy's need to prove herself to the tribe, to overcome the stigma of her being an outcast (or Nora). Again it's a small detail, but Guerrilla Games have subtly, expertly made it a thing anyway, and each time Aloy receives a "Oh, I was wrong to be so mean about you" type response, it generates a genuine feeling of accomplishment – and one that goes way beyond the extra XP or loot you'd picked up for your trouble. Admittedly, I was perhaps more attuned to this given I'd just come from Ghost Recon Wildlands, but in a way, the contrast highlighted just how much thought and skill had gone into creating Horizon Zero Dawn; how mutually beneficial and well thought-out elements can enrich an open world game, driving a player (and narrative) on instead of making them feel like they're merely ticking off a list of tried-and-tested filler.
That element is itself reinforced by the fact that, actually, a lot of that "filler" is properly fucking amaze-balls. Even if there wasn't the whole "proving yourself", or "narrative clues" aspects driving me to explore x, y, or z, I'd still be all over them like a bad rash precisely because they're shit-the-bedingly awesome. I did my first Cauldron the other day, and by golly was it all really rather cool. On paper, going from "stone age" to "Sci-Fi" shouldn't work, for a wide variety of reasons, but if there was any reluctance in my brain to make that leap, it was quickly overshadowed by me being all like, "ooooooh" and "ahhhhhhh", and just generally staring wide-eyed and idiot-like. What's more – and again, because Guerrilla Games had the foresight to include a "here be dragons" type element to the lore of HZD – I honestly felt like I was genuinely treading new ground, and my sense of amazement matched that of Aloy's, and there were quite a few times when my cooing and excited gurgling was mirrored exactly by hers. I'm not going to lie, that helped with the bonding, and me and Aloy…well, we're proper buddies now.
Which is, of course, important – and as I mentioned before, Aloy's currently conquering a Shit-ton of hearts and minds everywhere, and she's definitely another reason why I'm falling rapidly and hopelessly in love with Horizon Zero Dawn. Like all great characters, she's relatable and likeable – but like all truly great characters, it's quite hard to say why exactly. I mean, she's obviously witty and sassy, compassionate, a great combination of courageous and vulnerable, but there's something else too; something less easy to articulate or define. Whatever it is though, it draws you in and whilst my experience of being a teenage girl in a post-apocalyptic-futuristic-stone-age setting is exactly zero, I'm, like, totes empathising with her. I've seen a few people draw comparisons with the rebooted Lara Croft – and I get that, for sure – but for me, Aloy's just that bit more likable and relatable. It might change as I play more, obviously, but Lara Croft could get me all a bit eye-rolley after a while, whereas Aloy just seems to have her shit together more, or is a bit less prone to melodrama, or whatever. Anyway, long-story-short, not only are the game's story and gameplay elements drawing me in, but I'm actually looking forward to spending time with Aloy now too.
That's quite a potent combination, right there, and it's a big part of the reason why – after a slightly slow start – Horizon Zero Dawn has subtly, cleverly grabbed hold of me and, given the depth and quality of almost every aspect of it, probably won't be letting go for quite some time. It is an absolute joy to play – to the point where when I'm not playing it, everything else just seems rubbish. We're possibly approaching Fallout levels of addiction here, folks, and that's something quite rare, I think. See, whilst there's nothing in Horizon Zero Dawn that's entirely new or unique, what makes it so compelling is the way in which they've been expertly and lovingly woven together in a rich tapestry of addictive Gaming goodness.
Indeed, even though it's entirely possible to make all manner of comparisons, or "take the Story elements of x, throw in the Combat of y, and mix that up with the Setting of z" type explanations, I think what makes Horizon Zero Dawn special is the way in which each of those individual elements have been adapted or improved upon before being incorporated into the whole. I'd even be willing to bet there are a currently a fair few developers playing Horizon Zero Dawn and throwing out fairly frequent variations of "For Fuck's Sake, why didn't we do it like that!?" in relation to the more obvious improvements, as well as some confused "Why didn't that work this well in our game?" for the more subtle, je ne sais quoi-ey ones.
Take the side-quest/outcast angle, for example, and compare it to The Witcher 3. See, Geralt's side-quests are often undertaken in a "changing people's minds about Witchers" kind of way, and it works fairly well, but in Horizon Zero Dawn, it works really, really well. Or how about the "overriding beasts" thing, which is very similar to the "taming" element in Far Cry Primal: it was pretty cool in the latter, and I quite liked riding around on my sabertooth tiger, for sure, but in HZD, it just felt more necessary, more vital that Aloy could chose to tactically override a particular machine rather than fight against it. And, at the risk of belabouring the point, take the "vantage" collectibles. They're similar to the "echos" in The Division, and whilst I thought they were pretty cool, the Vantage ones in HZD are mesmerising, tantalising reminders that, actually, some shit's gone down and you're currently really rather intrigued by what that could've been.
In essence, almost everything in Horizon Zero Dawn has a "hook", and working together in concert, you can basically kiss goodbye to anything else you'd had planned until you're done with Aloy's adventures. It's a game with a really great character, a fantastic Narrative impetus, and plenty of really, really cool shit to be getting on with. It's massive without being daunting, and even though there are acres of ground to cover, I haven't felt overwhelmed yet – and mostly because each new area or path offers the player plenty of opportunity for discovery and – oftentimes – robot-themed mayhem. I also like how the upgrading, leveling-up, unlocking shizzle helps in this respect too, and aside from offering the player plenty of variety, choosing to explore a Cauldron, or focus on XP for a bit often greatly increases your options elsewhere. So, after being granted the ability to override more machines upon completing a Cauldron, for example, it suddenly makes a particular valley a different proposition. Whereas before you'd perhaps had to sneak past everything, now a couple of tactical overrides can make it an entirely different prospect. Ditto the skill tree, or finally gathering the little doodah that'll allow you to get your hands on a weapon you'd been coveting for a while.
This is the kind of thing that can really elevate open world/RPG games, I think, and it certainly helps make it feel a fuck-ton less checklist-ey. I loved how I could – when regularly getting my ass handed to me by a particular machine – have a wee look at my skills, inventory etc, and figure out a route to overcoming it. With, like, thinking and shit!
Again, it's not unique to Horizon Zero Dawn, and it doesn't make this game stand out on its own, but, like most other aspects of the Game, it's cleverly incorporated into the experience in such a way as to benefit and augment all of the other really cool stuff.
Finally, in terms of "issues", I have found a few – and the Game's not objectively perfect by any means. That said though, most of them are merely annoying, and are rarely ever problematic enough to significantly detract from my experience. At least thus far, anyway. The environments can be a bit "hole-y" and a few times I've found myself trapped in the scenery and either had to do a weird, MC Hammer-like shuffle to get out of it, or just fast travel back to the nearest campfire. Climbing's a bit of a ballache too, and I've spent longer than I'd have really liked hurling Aloy to her death. See, unlike in a lot of games, it's perfectly possible to leap in a direction where there's nothing to grab onto, and coupled with the fact that often it's quite hard to see the bits you can grab onto (for various reasons, but often because the lighting in the game, whilst beautiful, makes seeing yellow ledges nigh on impossible) that's a recipe for a lot of accidental plummeting.
My biggest frustration so far has been with the Combat/Combat Camera. Most of your more effective weapons are ranged, but you'll sometimes have to rely (or fall back) on your spear, and the camera doesn't adjust to that change as quickly as I'd like it to, which often means you'll have no choice but to mash buttons blindly and hope for the best until it does sort itself out. Even worse than that, sometimes you'll have to try and use ranged weapons on some machines whilst you're been charged at by others, and in all honesty, that'll result in the Combat Camera freaking the fuck out, leaving you disorientated, dizzy and, more often than not, very fucking dead. Indeed, there have been plenty of times when I've been buffeted around every which way, and the camera's only sorted itself out in time to zoom in on my hideously crumpled corpse. Which is nice. It is possible to mitigate it a bit by retreating whilst it fixes itself, but it's a bit frustrating missing out on the chance to finish off an enemy whilst it's vulnerable because you're having to make allowances for iffy controls – and particularly if it's a timed challenge.
Again though – and in testament to just how much I am loving Horizon Zero Dawn – I'm reasonably happy to let that slide. In other games it'd likely result in controllers being lobbed across the room, but much like with a great friend who has a few foibles, I'm willing to overlook it in HZD precisely because it's so great everywhere else. Like, really, really great. Have I mentioned it's great yet?
Because, like, it is great!
And because it's great, and because it's so expertly crafted, and because so much attention and skill has gone into creating a deep, intricately balanced and multi-faceted Game, I'm very much ready to buy into the Game of the Year talk/Mass Delusion wholeheartedly at this point. Obviously, having not played it to completion yet, that might change, but at this early stage, I'm totally besotted with Horizon Zero Dawn. And, actually, I say "early stage", but so far I've sunk a big old chunk of hours into it, and precisely because I've only just scratched the surface, I'm very much looking forward to sinking many, many more into it too. With Aloy. Who's my best Buddy.
Because she's great!
James Dixon
Aloy, First Impressions of Horizon Zero Dawn, Game of the Year, Gaming, Guerrilla Games, Horizon Zero Dawn, Horizon Zero Dawn First Impressions, HZD, HZD First Impressions, Is Horizon Zero Dawn Game of the Year, Video Games
16 thoughts on "Horizon Zero Dawn – First Impressions"
Athena | AmbiGaming
"…but like all truly great characters, it's quite hard to say why exactly." Challenge accepted! haha I'll take that on as soon as I crack open my copy 😉
As always, sounds like a great game and I should definitely play it sooner rather than later. It seems like there's a little trend here. Andromeda is the same way, with the slow start and then – wait, what's that? Oh, my entire being has been absorbed by the game. I can't wait to get to know Aloy – so many people have spoken so highly of her as a *character* that I just want to meet her! Awesome impressions!
Cheers. And I look forward to reading your take on Aloy when you get around to HZD. Like, it's perfectly possible to say that she's witty etc, as I did, but there are plenty of other characters that are equally so, yet don't have quite the same… I dunno, charisma maybe!? Whatever it is, she's just really likable and it's a lot of fun spending time with her.
Perhaps it's an indication that I need more real-life friends, but, like, whatevs. I'm perfectly happy hanging out with Aloy for now, thankyouverymuch! 😉
Hey, that's fine, she sounds like a cool person to hang out with! She just has the "X" factor, I guess! haha
Funnily enough, I was just thinking of doing another post about why some games and characters are waaaay more addictive than others (that are ostensibly very similar), and I'm trying to think of a title that doesn't use "X factor".
It's proving quite difficult. 😉
Neat! I'd love to see your thoughts on that!
I'll think about it and get back to you if I think of anything cool-sounding haha
I read the first couple of paragraphs and then got to this: "First it was probably the poignant farewell to Aloy's father figure that grabbed my attention…"
Argh don't tell me – I'm only a few hours in and haven't got that far yet! I'll be back later. 😉
Whoops, sorry. I thought about putting SPOILER tags, but thought it was vague enough to not be necessary.
Anyways, if you're a few hours in, you'll be there soon enough, I reckon.
Still, my bad…..
No need to apologise: it's pretty obvious he's going to disappear soon anyway! He he he
Just wish I had more time to play this game… damn adult responsibilities.
Yeah, I'm currently wondering how long I'd be able to get away with playing this all night before people start to notice the whole 'not having slept' thing!?
Matchsticks. They're the way forward.
LightningEllen
I really enjoyed reading your thoughts on this game! I'm nowhere near finished (sitting at 30% completion now) but I'm enjoying every minute of it. My jaw hit the floor when I did my first Cauldron. That primitive to sci-fi transition worked so well for me. Also climbing a Tallneck was incredible.
I can't express how happy it makes me to see another well written female main character in a video game! It didn't take Aloy long to become my third all-time favourite fictional character. (Which is high praise considering my top 3 are now Homer Simpson > Lightning > Aloy 🙂 ). In the beginning, she mumbled a hilarious sarcastic comment to herself while approaching a village (that I still giggle at now): "Good thing I'm shunned or I'd have to talk to these idiots." She's a woman after my own heart, haha.
She really does need to learn how to climb better though. And yes, that camera is crazy during fights, but I can easily forgive those things.
Cheers – I really enjoyed writing them. In a way, this is one of the messier pieces I've written, but purely because I just kept putting in all the stuff I was loving about the game – and I couldn't bring myself to edit it out, or structure it better afterwards. So, it's kind of like a stream of consciousness ode to HZD/Aloy now. 😉
And yeah, she really is a great example of an excellent character, and it's especially good to see in a Game. I can also really relate to her sarcastic/cynical approach to everything – but I also quite like that there's a degree of genuine compassion and kindness underlying it too.
All-in-all, she's a stand-out character in a brilliant game, and I'm really enjoying playing it. I'm also at about 30ish percent, and I'm in that weird 'want to keep playing, but don't want it to end' place already!
Stuff written from the heart is always the best! Don't let your brain ruin it by trying to "structure" it 🙂
Shelby "Falcon509" Steiner
You can say it. Horizon: Zero Dawn is the best game this year, so far. It's okay. You're in good company.
Haha. I've played a bit more since I wrote this and, so far, I might even be leaning towards 'best game of Next Gen'.
I mean, I don't want to jinx anything, but I've just done a couple of main missions that were awesome!
It gets better. The lore is amazing.


Brooklyn Joe's is a neighborhood Italian restaurant and pizzeria, located in Milton, Canton, and most recently Dawsonville.
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The UN Secretary-General, by a mandate of the UN Human Rights Council, can appoint rapporteurs on certain thematic issues or on the human rights situation of any specific country. Some of thematic rapporteurs are actually working groups, all taken together are also called the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council. Rapporteurs investigate and monitor human rights problems and recommend solutions.
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Why Day 0? Simply because the day was spent mostly travelling up from the South coast to the starting point at St Bees. It was a long journey involving a car and three trains, plus travelling across London by tube. It always amazes me how slick the London Underground is – so many trains running at the same time, all timed to the second, a constant buzz of activity, people and trains rushing everywhere with deadlines to meet, no time to 'stand and stare', a complete contrast to what I was heading for!
The train from Euston to Carlisle was two thirds first class coaches – I joined a second class coach! My memories of this part of the journey were of a Scottish lady talking constantly for the three and a quarter hour trip, people talking on phones, bells and buzzes seemingly going off all around me. Joining the little coastal train at Carlisle was a culture shock – it was old and I'd swear it had square wheels as it was so bumpy after the north-bound train. It trolled its way slowly around the coast and finally pulled into St Bees station.
I should say at this point that the miles quoted in my headings were taken from the GPS and were the actual miles walked. They often exceeded the distance quoted in the guidebooks because of the need to walk off the trail to find camping spots.
Leaving the station, I made my way down to the sea front and the starting point for my walk. There was an increasingly strong and chill wind blowing off the sea as I made my way down the quiet country lane until finally, after a whole day of travelling, I had my first sight of the headland that would be my first miles of walking.
There is a tradition with the C2C walk whereby walkers first dip their toe in the Irish Sea and also pick up a pebble to carry across to the other side of the country – far be it from me to break with that tradition 🙂 !
With the light fading and the wind increasing, I left the beach and started on my way, climbing up the headland that would form the first few miles of my walk. As it was getting late, I had already decided to spend my first night at a camping barn just three miles along the coast and with gathering clouds, I wondered if I would make it before the rain came. I turned and looked back across the bay just as a lovely but last burst of sunlight flooded the beach.
There wasn't time to stand for long so I continued over South Head and onto St Bees Head, passing Fleswick Bay on the way.
The sky was really interesting as I made my way along the cliff-top, buffeted by the strong side wind. The sun had set and there were some threatening storm clouds gathering.
It didn't take long to reach the St Bees Lighthouse where I turned inland to reach my stopping point for the night, Tarn Flatt Camping Barn and I walked into the farm just as the rain began to fall!
The barn was a simple affair but perfectly adequate for my purpose. I asked the owner if I would have the place to myself as there was no-one else there and she informed me that there were two others booked in but who hadn't yet arrived. I wondered who they would be and how we would get on sharing the sparse accommodation but I needn't have had any concerns. Half an hour after my arrival, Matt and Ben walked in and we got on well from the start. They were two younger guys from Yorkshire who were over for the weekend to do the Cumbrian part of the C2C and they arrived by car having driven across after work. They had made convoluted travel arrangements to move the car around over the next few days as they walked the first 65 miles of the route.
It wasn't long before all three of us were tucked up fully clothed in our sleeping bags – it was to be a cold night!
I was up at 6.00 after a fitful night – it always takes a day or two to adjust to the hard ground after the softness of my bed at home! After a quick cuppa and snack, I bade farewell to Matt and Ben although we were to meet again at the end of the day as we were all staying at Ennerdale Bridge the next night. I retraced my steps back to the lighthouse and turned North to continue along the coast with fine views across the Irish Sea to the Isle of Man.
Very soon the coastline bends round and I left it behind to head inland, initially along country lanes. Almost immediately I had a foretaste of what was to come as there were ominous dark clouds over the distant Lakeland mountains, and snow on the peaks too. The local man in the picture below passed me with a cheery 'Good Morning' and he informed me that the weather was set to improve after the weekend – I hoped so as it was another cold and windy day!
It was something of a relief to turn inland as it meant I had the wind on my back – which is of course why West to East is the recommended way to walk this route. The next few miles were spend traversing the coastal plain through Sandwith with the ever present view of the mountains to come, including Dent Hill which at 352 meters would provide a stern test later today (on the right in the picture below).
Entering Moor Row, I passed the statue of Alfred Wainwright, the creator of the Coast to Coast walk. Walking through the village did highlight that there are shortcomings in all navigation and planning aids on a walk such as this – the guidebook stated that there was a cafe here and I was relying on it to get food for the day. However, a very friendly local informed me that the owner had had a heart attack and had to close the cafe some time ago. He also informed me however that there was a shop in the next village.
Having read the guidebook, I was already aware that there were some notoriously difficult parts to navigate so I was carrying a strip map and compass, a guidebook, a GPS with the route loaded, and if all else failed, I had map software on my iPhone. I was to use all these navigation aids during the walk! Because this is not a National Trail, way marking is hit and miss and it is often only there because kind locals have painted marks on posts and fences.
I continued to Cleator where I found the village shop – very timely as not too far away was the steep climb up over Dent Hill. I would need that sustenance to help me there 🙂 ! Leaving the village, I immediately missed a turning but fortunately another local resident called out, informing me that every walker misses that turning – clearly my 20 Kg backpack gave away the fact that I was walking the C2C 🙂 ! This does highlight something very positive about this walk though – just the friendly and helpful nature of the people you meet along the way.
I stopped for a short time at the foot of the hill to eat lunch and then started the climb upwards. After the relative flatness of the preceding miles, the climb came as a 'shock'…….there would be many of those to come over the next two weeks! The views from Dent Hill were amazing and I was glad the sun had lingered long enough for me to get some pictures. On a clear day it is possible to see Scotland, The Isle of Man, and even Ireland. I drank in the views for as long as I could but the wind whipping across the top was bitter so I moved on.
With the sun gone, the top of Dent Hill is quite bleak and I made my way across, getting ever nearer to those distant mountains.
Reaching the other side of the hill, I came across the mega-stile in the picture below. It is built like this to enable walkers to cross the deer fencing which runs around the hill. You almost feel you need oxygen to help you get over it 🙂 !
The drop down the other side of the hill through Raven Crag, which is actually a grassy hill, into Nannycatch (dont you just love these names!) is extremely steep, in fact it is the steepest part of the whole trail. As I climbed down, I wondered what it would be like to climb up if you were doing the trail in reverse! The views across the valley were spectacular though and I wondered who lived in a house like the one in the picture below. Is there a more idyllic place to live?!
It was something of a relief to reach the valley bottom, and what a delightful valley it was too! Nannycatch Beck babbles its way through the valley and the path follows its route closely. Being sheltered by hills on both sides, the keen wind was felt no longer and I thoroughly enjoyed quietly and slowly walking along the valley floor to the lovely sound of birds and brook singing together.
Eventually the path reaches the road that winds down to Ennerdale Bridge but before leaving this idyllic valley, I couldn't resist turning for a last time to look back down the way I had come.
I feel that I should mention sheep at this point…….there are a lot of them…..all along the route 🙂 ! When I was young, I used to dream of being a shepherd so this just added to the delight of this walk. Herdwick sheep are prevalent here because they are one of the breeds that can take the severe mountain climate and vegetation without hardship. They are also territorial so don't stray from their own fells which makes them ideal for the Lake District even though their wool is not the best. For me, they are definitely a positive part of the amazing Lake District scenery.
I made my way down the road into Ennerdale Bridge, my stopping point for the night, and headed for the local pub where I pitched my tent in the beer garden. Later that evening I met up with Matt and Ben again and we spent a great evening together. This is another feature of this walk – the almost 'community' feel to it as you meet, chat and walk with many other walkers.
It was dark and cold as I later made my way to my tent but I didn't know then quite how cold it was going to get! Tomorrow would see me in the Lake District mountains and I fell asleep wondering how I would cope with carrying my pack over greater heights than today!
Hello Terry, We have just enjoyed your first instalment of the C2C. Loved the pictures and can't wait for day 2!
How did you find the 5 days in the Lake District? Were your experiences much the same as mine?
Actually, ignore me – of course I know where Catrake Force is, seen it many times; I didn't recognise it from the camera angle! The Lakes were stunning. I'm glad your pics show there are still beautiful views to come!
The weather obviously spoilt some of it for me but I'd say the only bad bit is the flatlands when you cross the Vale of Mowbray – between Richmond and Ingleby Arncliffe. You get some great views from the North York Moors.
Ah, that explains it. I wasn't intending to stop at Grasmere originally. And like you, I had to resort to my iPhone a couple of times :)! Just before I received your comment I realised I had made a mistake with that caption. The picture is not Catrake Force at all, its Rainby Force which is right beside the Keld Bunk Barn and Yurts which is where I camped that night. Probably explains why you don't recognise it :)!


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The Flower Club meets at the Eliot House Hotel, Castle Street, Liskeard on the First Wednesday of every month at 7.30 pm (except January, February and June). Members are free, but visitors pay £4. Any enquiries please contact Kay Shepherd, 01579 345243 or Jill Orme, 01579 343406.


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Q: Different parameter name in MVC In MVC 4 kendo grid, I have passed like this in link column.
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text:
OG Berry 3 Wells 11152018
Conservation, Department of (Department of Conservation)
The proposed project consists of abandoning three oil and gas wells. The proposed project is in an area with surface and mineral rights owned by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). DOGGR has issued permits for the abandonments and notified BLM of the permits. NOTE: See NOE for full details.
Larry Kleinecke
Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources 801 K Street, MS 18-05
35.25816727°'"N 119.5801391°6'"W
MDB&M
Location Specific: Midway Sunset Oil Field
Class 1, Sec. 15301*
*Reg. (14 CCR) 1684.1 As Lead Agency, the Division of Oil, Gas, Geothermal Resources (Division), had determined that the proposed project is exempt from further environmental review requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), pursuant to the specified exemptions marked in the section below. The Division further finds that the proposed project would not result in a significant adverse impact to the environment, or that any of the exceptions to the exemptions apply (14 CCR 15300.2). Note: See NOE for full details.


Ezaki Glico on the 31st (January) announced that the shipment value of their cream sand biscuit "Visco", being their key item and was greeting its 80-year sales, was expected to stand at 4,500 million yen, being the highest ever and was a 40% increase compared with last fiscal year of 2011.
Visco had been a long selling item that was put on the market in February, 1933. Out of health consciousness wheat germ was added for eating and it was cut into mini-packs for sales etc.; starting form children adding young women and old people, the fans expanded as a result.
A factor for the good outcome was the positive effect of the TV commercial released for the first time in many years. Also a factor was an increase in disaster prevention awareness; the "Visco preservation can" which could be saved for a long period of time had over 7 times changes in shipment value in the year 2010. The highest amount up to now was about 3,800 million yen in the fiscal year 2008.
It is interesting to note that the Japanese choose the Visco biscuit to prepare for the earthquake.


text:
HomeNational NewsEXCLUSIVE: Goldie Brar and I......!
EXCLUSIVE: Goldie Brar and I……!
That night was the night of Delhi's Connaught Place. Night near a famous paan shop. That night of May-June, which was making a person drenched with sweat even without sunlight. That night, in a few seconds of meeting Goldie Brar, it was not felt that this teenager would one day become India's most wanted contract killer!
Mastermind gangster Goldie Brar of Punjabi singer Sidhu Moosewala murder case arrested from California
Image Credit source: TV9
It will be about the end of 2000s. In the hot summer days of May-June. The heat in which the streets of Delhi used to make a person feel the heat even after midnight even after the heat of the day. Place, in the circle of Connaught Place, which is called the heart of Delhi, the capital of India, a well-known paan shop. Three or four boys were standing and smoking cigarettes. Some of them also had betel leaves in their mouths. Most of them were wearing jeans T-shirts. Except that one boy, who had neither a cigarette in his hand nor a betel leaf in his mouth. But he was standing very quietly listening to the words of other friends. Holding silence.
I am Satinderjit Singh Goldie…
Black-white check shirt on the body. Looking at the deal, from the conversation, it looked like a decent family eating and drinking. A small introduction happened during the conversation. Said, 'I am Satinderjit Singh (Satinder Singh) from Kotkapura, Punjab. By the way, everyone knows me by the name of Goldie Veeran ji. To be honest, till that date I had never heard the name of Kotkapura before in crime and investigative journalism. That day I came to know that there is also a place Kotkapura in Punjab. Goldie said hello and got engrossed in talking with friends. That night Goldie Brar seemed to be nothing more than a middle class student.
Wisdom in tone, blood and ugliness in the mind
The tone of his conversation was as if, among the friends standing with him, he might have some other friend who is more intelligent than him. Along with the Punjabi language, he was using only nominal Hindi and strong Punjabi in between. Seeing the time again and again on the precious watch tied in his hand, he was repeating to his friends that he should leave Connaught Place and that it was too late in the night. It seemed that he was standing with his comrades in the heart of Delhi's Connaught Place. But his mind and heart are wandering somewhere else. Many years ago, that was my first and last brief meeting knowingly or unknowingly. from Goldie Brar. Then that Goldie Brar was neither a goon nor a contract killer. Just came to Delhi with friends just to patrol the peas. Whatever I understood and felt from their words.
Who knew it would become most wanted
It was not known then that this Goldie Brar would become the most-wanted criminal of Indian agencies after a few years to come. For whose arrest, Indian agencies will have to search the ashes from Pakistan to Nepal, Canada and America. Didn't know that Goldie Brar would one day leave India and become a contract killer of an international label. For whose search, Indian agencies will have to take the help of an international organization like Interpol and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), an agency of the American super power country.
I didn't dream of Connaught Place that night
That night in that short meeting with Goldie Brar at Connaught Place, I never thought even in my wildest dreams that that slim, smart guy would be infamous as the mastermind of the Punjabi singer Sidhu Moosewala murder case. Today when there is hue and cry all over the world regarding Satinderjit Singh alias Satinder Singh alias Goldie Brar alias Satwinderjit Singh alias Goldie Brar. Now the alleged news of his arrest in California based in America is coming out? Then after reading the stories of difference between yesterday's Adna smart looking boy Goldie Brar and today's infamous contract killer Goldie Brar. Remembering that night of Connaught Place, today one starts wondering that from where does time bring a person and throws him?
Best friend of Lawrence Bishnoi
Goldie Brar, born in 1988, has been arrested in the last days of November 2022 in America (California). Unconfirmed news like this is coming out. The same Goldie Brar who has a close friendship with the infamous gangster Lawrence Bishnoi, who is lodged in the jails of Punjab and Delhi. The same Goldie Brar who is accused of contract killing of Punjabi singer Sidhu Musewala on 29 May 2022 in Mansa, Punjab. Goldie Brar, the infamous name of Kotkapura, Faridkot Punjab. Whose age at this time must have been 34-35 years. Whose home town is recorded in the records of Indian agencies as Srimuktsar Sahib, Punjab. The same Goldie Brar of 5 feet 8 inches, who takes responsibility for every contract killing on social media. And after every bloody incident, he gives an open challenge to the Indian police and our agencies.
Canada fled from India to America
The same Goldie Brar, who fled from India and hid in Canada many years ago. When the possibilities of Indian agencies reaching its bases in Canada increased, after the murder of Sidhu Muselwala in Punjab in the month of May, Goldie Brar left Canada and fled to America. From where the market of alleged news of getting caught is hot. However, Indian agencies have not yet confirmed his arrest in America even after several days. The same Goldie Brar who flouted the law whose father Shamsher Singh had once become an Assistant Sub-Inspector of Punjab Police. To guard the law. The same Goldie Brar whose cousin Gurlal Brar was also once a famous shooter of Punjab. Who died in the year 2020.
Whose name is registered every contract killing
Gurlal was shot dead on 11 October 2020 outside a mall in Chandigarh. This is the true and heart-wrenching story of this journalist who has seen with his eyes and heard with his ears, the same gangster Goldie Brar, whose father was forced out of his job by the Punjab Police due to his illegal activities. By giving compulsory retirement in the year 2021. The story is of the same Goldie Brar whose name is being written today in every contract killing being executed on the land of India.
Even Goldie Brar would not have thought then that he….
Today, when the flying news of such Goldie Brar being caught in America started coming to the fore, today it felt that TV9 Bharatvarsh must now write about what happened knowingly or unknowingly in Connaught Place yesterday, that teenager of yesterday and the infamous of today's India. This is the story of that short meeting with the dreaded Goldie Brar who has become a gangster. It was a matter of when even Goldie Brar might not have had the same hope in his dreams. In a few years, he will become India's most wanted.
Brar
CM Bhagwant Mann
Goldie Brar
I.....
Sidhu Moosewala Murder Case
BJP government coming with majority in Gujarat, people boycotted Congress: Smriti Irani
'…they should adopt the formula of Muslims', said Badruddin Ajmal
ED arrested Soumya Chaurasia, deputy secretary of Chhattisgarh CM, money laundering case
'At the time of 1962 war…', this is how Shashi Tharoor remembered Pandit Nehru regarding the war with China
Rose Mehndi Design: These easy floral henna designs will enhance the beauty of back hand


International contest "SEA, SUN, FESTIVAL" is a festival contest of various genres which corresponds to its name as the participants find themselves on the warm coast of the Mediterranean sea, under the hot Spanish sun, and, of course, beautiful happy days of the competition. After the long everyday working life, studies, and laborious rehearsals finally there comes that long expected time of the competitions of creative groups.
ensembles, soloists, duets and small groups – winners of the first prizes and the Grand prize are given personalized trophy cups FIESTALONIA. Each group participant is given a nominal diploma from the founders and providers of the contest. Each group gets from the Spanish authorities an additional diploma in the form of engraving on a special base. Each team head and sponsor will be given thank-you letters on the letterhead of the kingdom of Spain.
18:00 – beginning of the gala concert of the winners and giving out of the awards.


Frak That! Ep. 93: 'Artificial Stupidity' - Frak That!
Randall Kennedy and Joe Wilcox talk about digital assistant/artificial intelligence mayhem during Episode 93. They begin with a Twitch stream featuring two Google Home devices asking each other stupid questions—and answering them. Randall laughs: "It's like two Millennials fighting over the friggin' remote", referring to the incoherent but continuous banter between the devices.
That leads into a disturbing discussion about the Amazon Alexa digital assistant. A few days earlier, there was a news story about a six year-old accidentally ordering a dollhouse and four pounds of cookies from Amazon when asking Alexa about them. But the saga doesn't end there. "The news cast playing on the TV in other peoples' homes who also had the Alexa—the Alexa heard the same language…and their Alexas start trying to order the dollhouse", Randall explains. "It's like this chain reaction".
"Imagine this starts becoming an epidemic", he continues, when Alexa "can't distinguish between the TV in the background" and your voice. "You've got Viagra arriving at your door or, you're a single guy, boxes of Victoria's Secret showing up. Suddenly you've got a $2,000 credit card bill and a whole bunch of junk piling up from Amazon".
Joe has a Frak That! epiphany and sees the brilliance of Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos, whom he calls an "evil genius", because of some new TVs announced during Consumer Electronics Show 2017. "She's built into the tellie", he says. "Don't leave it unmonitored, because who knows what will arrive at the door the next day".
The discussion ends when Joe's wife runs up and hands him note: "You keep setting off Alexa". Uh-oh. If anything strange shows up from Amazon, he'll report in a future episode.
Other topics include: Smart cars and their road rage; Apple CEO Tim Cook's pay cut; the problem with Millennials; driving on the wrong side of the road; Barack Obama's wall; and stupid criminals, among juicy bits.


text:
Scenarios for the legacy of Shinzo Abe
Shinzo Abe, Japan's longest-serving prime minister since the end of World War II, has made a huge imprint on his country's politics, especially through "Abenomics" and his drive to beef up defense capabilities. His eventual successor will have a host of domestic challenges to overcome, including a growing demographic imbalance ...
Japan accelerates and expands its defense preparations
For seven decades after World War II, Japan was comfortably ensconced in a geopolitical framework that seemed both stable and predictable. With the rise of China and, more recently, new responses from the United States to economic and geopolitical challenges, this framework is evolving. More than ever in the postwar ...
Instability in East Asia: Trade clash between two U.S. allies
By imposing economic sanctions on South Korea, Japan establishes a dangerous precedent. At times when countries neighboring North Korea should be strengthening their ties and establishing transnational security cooperation, the conflict between Tokyo and Seoul could ultimately weaken the region and provoke North Korean adventurism.
Japan's mercantilism in the spotlight again
With his focus on the trade dispute with China and several other fronts opened, U.S. President Donald Trump has been lenient in his criticism of Japan's mercantilism. If he wins a second term in office, however, he may change tack and slap tariffs on, for example, Japanese cars – a ...
The enduring value of Japan's emperor
Though Japan's emperor holds no political power, he is much more than a figurehead: he is an essential part of Japan's social contract. The monarchy has provided important stability and unifies the country's social structure. With Japan facing several serious challenges, its new emperor will play a key role in ...
Carlos Ghosn and the rigor of the Japanese state
The surprise arrest of Renault-Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn is superficially a tale of personal greed and clashing corporate cultures. But drill deeper and the more significant takeaway is what the case reveals about the Japanese approach to law and the power of the state. That is why Mr. Ghosn's fate ...
Japan's new outreach in Asia
China's rise as an economic and military colossus has transformed the geopolitics of East Asia. Its most powerful neighbor, Japan, has embarked on a more self-reliant course, even as it continues to lean heavily on its alliance with the United States. Tokyo is expanding its contacts, both economic and strategic, ...
GIS Dossier: Japan's search for an energy strategy after Fukushima
Since the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi accident, Japan has sharply decreased its reliance on nuclear energy. Following years of deliberations weighing nuclear's inherent risks against the expense of energy imports and climate protection obligations, the government of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has decided that by 2050, about one-fifth of the country's ...
GIS Feature
Japan's growing concern about energy security
Save for renewables, Japan is devoid of domestic energy sources. Since its nuclear power sector has been reduced to only a minor contributor in the energy mix, the country has had no choice but to increase its imports of hydrocarbons and fall back on its societal and technological strengths to ...
Japan needs woman power
Gender equality is not one of Japan's greatest strengths, but the rapid shrinking and aging of the population have started to exert pressure on a society whose culture is drawn from the samurai era. These values practically exclude young mothers from the workforce and set a very low glass ceiling ...
The Trump-Kim summit: Japan's perspective
The effects of the Trump-Kim summit in Singapore in May are still reverberating around the globe, especially in Japan. As the geopolitics in the region shift, it could cause new tensions that the country, with its shrinking population, will be hard-pressed to handle. Its greatest concern is what concessions the ...
East Asia after the Pax Americana
Since the end of the Korean War, the American military presence in East Asia has been crucial to maintaining a balance of power in the region and preventing the outbreak of a major war. Now, with China rising and the United States withdrawing, Japan has been left in limbo. Tokyo ...
The dawn of a new age in Japan
Japan tends to develop in leaps and bounds – and it looks ready to make another such surge. The transformation of life sciences, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, robotics and big data will lead to a new age in the country. It has the political will and fewer of the ...
A free and open Indo-Pacific: Regional and global implications
One of the techniques devised for managing China's ascent and its destabilizing impact is the concept of a "free and open Indo-Pacific." This idea, embraced by the governments of Japan, India and the United States, includes military, economic, political, legal and diplomatic dimensions. Some argue it is a smoke screen ...
Japan's growing nuclear dilemma
The security environment in East Asia is becoming increasingly unstable, with China rising, North Korea threatening nuclear war and the U.S. seemingly less willing to support allies. Japan is in a difficult predicament, with a constitution curtailing its military abilities and a public strongly against nuclear weapons. But the government ...
Geopolitics drives Japan's economy
Japanese companies are making a big push overseas. The phenomenon is a result of a shrinking population, but also geopolitical pressure from China. To counter Beijing's influence, Japan is using its economic heft to expand its reach and protect its interests. Its ties with countries like India and Australia will ...
GIS Dossier: Shinzo Abe's Japan
Shinzo Abe is not popular, but this consummate political insider has become just the second prime minister in Japan's history to win three general elections. He managed this feat by skillfully juggling factions in the dominant Liberal Democratic Party, stirring life into Japan's stagnant economy, and pledging vigorous leadership in ...
Can Prime Minister Shinzo Abe delay his political twilight?
Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has had plenty of success, already having become the country's second-longest serving head of government. But the good times are over – his political rivals smell weakness and could use upcoming election campaigns to oust him. Perhaps surprisingly, his biggest threat does not come from ...
Shinzo Abe's underappreciated recovery
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe appears to have made good on his promise to pull Japan out of deflation and slow growth. A large part of the credit goes to the central bank, which stepped in with aggressive bond-buying. But equally crucial has been the role of middle-aged women, who are ...
Japan's defense: easing the constitutional corset
As China emerges as East Asia's dominant power and the unpredictable North Korean regime acquires offensive nuclear capability, nearby Japan is taking further steps to relax its constitutional ban on maintaining armed forces. Amending the constitution may not yet be in the cards, but beefing up the country's arms industry ...
Unconventional scenarios for Japan's demographic future
Recent demographic projections for Japan paint a dark future, with the loss of some 30 percent of the population within the next 50 years. The situation is so grim that unconventional scenarios might offer the only solution.
Abenomics rebooted?
Japan is trying another fiscal stimulus to make Abenomics work. The central bank appears to have given up, admitting in its latest quarterly report that monetary measures will not suffice to get inflation back to the 2 percent target. But the real culprit may be institutional inertia, which has kept ...
Dr. Emmanuel Martin
In memory of Professor Stefan Lippert
It is with deep sorrow that Geopolitical Intelligence Services informs its readers of the death of Professor Dr. Stefan Lippert. He died on August 31 while on vacation in Tanzania, at the age of 47.
Prince Michael of Liechtenstein
Demographic change stymies growth not just in Japan
The short history of economic growth has made a handful of Western nations, later joined by Japan, remarkably rich and powerful. Until recently, it seemed that the fast-growing developing countries led by China were poised to catch up with the advanced economies by the middle of this century. Now, the ...
Dr. Stefan Lippert


text:
Лидия Петровна Строцева (Семерникова) (21.10.1929, с. Серафимовка Ставропольского края - 2005) — российский учёный в области газодинамической неустойчивости, лауреат Государственной премии СССР (1979).

Окончила механико-математический факультет ЛГУ (1952). По направлению три года работала в КБ-11 (РФЯЦ — ВНИИЭФ, г. Саров Горьковской области).

С 1955 г. в НИИ-1011 (РФЯЦ — ВНИИТФ им. Е. И. Забабахина): руководитель группы (1956—1988), начальник сектора 310 НИО-3 (1988—1990), старший научный сотрудник (1990—1993).

С 1993 г. на пенсии.

Кандидат физико-математических наук (1975).

Основное направление — разработка и эксплуатация новых методик для расчетов многомерных задач механики сплошных сред. Автор работ по численным методам, по проблемам газодинамической неустойчивости в лазерном термодинамическом синтезе.

Лауреат Государственной премии СССР (1979). Награждена орденом «Знак Почёта» (1956) за участие в ядерной программе, медалью «За трудовую доблесть» (1954).

Источники
 http://spbu.ru/contacts/telsp/38
 https://web.archive.org/web/20170926173511/http://www.vniitf.ru/ob-institute/personalii/477-o-148

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Is there an interval of finite groups, at index n, with strictly more elements than the subgroup lattice of any group, of order n? Let $G$ be a finite group and $\mathcal{L}(G)$ its subgroup lattice.
Let $s(n):= max\{|\mathcal{L}(G)| \text{ for } |G|=n \}$.
There is an OEIS page for the sequence $s(n)$: A018216
1, 2, 2, 5, 2, 6, 2, 16, 6, 8, 2, 16, 2, 10, 4, 67, 2, 28, 2, 22, 10, 14, 2, 54, 8, 16, 28, 28, 2, 28, 2, 374, 4, 20, 4, 78, 2, 22, 16, 76, 2, 36, 2, 40, 12, 26, 2, 236, 10, 64, 4, 46, 2, 212, 14, 98, 22, 32, 2, 80, 2, 34, 36, 2825, 4, 52, 2, 58, 4, 52, 2, 272
Now let $[H,G]$ be an interval of finite groups and $|[H,G]|$ its cardinal.
Let $t(n):= max\{|[H,G]| \text{ for } |G:H|=n \}$.
I didn't find an OEIS page for the sequence $t(n)$.
This is computable for the indices $<32$, using GAP or MAGMA (I've no access to, currently)
Question: Is there an integer $n$ such that $t(n)>s(n)$?
Remark: If we observe that $\forall n \ t(n)=s(n)$, then a proof of this fact would answer this post.
 Else, I'm interested in the smallest counter-example.
Remark: Alexander Hulpke has checked that $t(n)=s(n)$, $\forall n \le 47$ (see comment below).


text:
Q: Authenticating users using pusher in django I am a bit confused on how does the Authentication works in Django using pusher i want to implement a one-to-one chatting system so i guess i will be using private channels that requires authentication before you can subscribe to the channel ... i read there that the endpoint is the url you want pusher to POST to, i added a url to test if it is working but every time the status returns 403 and it seems it doesn't enter the view i created to test  it so any ideas ? here is a sample of my code :
message.html
var channel = pusher.subscribe('private-test');
channel.bind('message', function(data) {
  var $message = $('
').appendTo('#messages');
  $('').text(data.user).appendTo($message);
  $('').text(data.message).appendTo($message);
});;

Pusher.channel_auth_endpoint = 'test/';
Pusher.channel_auth_transport = 'ajax';

channel.bind('pusher:subscription_succeeded', function(status) {
    alert(status);
});

channel.bind('pusher:subscription_error', function(status) {
    alert(status);
});

Views.py:
def testUser(request,user_name):
print 'Test Passed'
return render_to_response('message.html', {
    'PUSHER_KEY': settings.PUSHER_KEY,'channel_variable':request.user.id,'other_var':'3',
}, RequestContext(request))

when i checked the url it POSTs to, in my cmd i found it correct and it matched the one i put in urls.py but i still don't know why it does not enter my view

A: I don't know Django, but it seems highly likely that the framework is intercepting the call to prevent CSRF (Cross site resource forgery).
The Django docs talk about CSRF here:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/csrf/
As with a number of frameworks you'll need to provide a CSRF token as part of the XHR/AJAX call to the authentication endpoint, or override the framework interception (somehow).
Have a look at the auth section of the Pusher constructor options parameter. In there you'll find an example of how to pass a CSRF token.


text:
require 'test/unit'

class TC_String_Downcase_InstanceMethod < Test::Unit::TestCase
   def setup
      @str = 'HELLO'
   end

   def test_downcase_basic
      assert_respond_to(@str, :downcase)
      assert_nothing_raised{ @str.downcase }
      assert_kind_of(String, @str.downcase)
   end

   def test_downcase
      assert_equal('hello', @str.downcase)
      assert_equal('hello', 'hello'.downcase)
   end

   def test_downcase_non_alpha
      assert_equal('123', '123'.downcase)
      assert_equal('!@#$%^&*()', '!@#$%^&*()'.downcase)
   end

   def test_downcase_original_unmodified
      @str = 'HELLO'
      assert_nothing_raised{ @str.downcase }
      assert_equal('HELLO', @str)
   end

   def test_downcase_frozen_string_allowed
      @str = 'HELLO'
      assert_equal('hello', @str.freeze.downcase)
   end

   def test_downcase_edge_cases
      assert_equal('', ''.downcase)
      assert_equal(' ', ' '.downcase)
      assert_equal("\000\000", "\000\000".downcase)
   end

   def test_downcase_expected_errors
      assert_raise(ArgumentError){ @str.downcase('test') }
   end

   def teardown
      @str = nil
   end
end


text:
Q: Pure CSS Animation refuses to...animate I have a pure CSS animation that I am working on (first time doing one) and I can't seem to get the drawing to move.  http://jsfiddle.net/c6kBj/30/
I am not really sure what the problem is, but it's pretty frustrating.
Here is the code in case you don't feel like going to the jsfiddle:

.bg{
    height: 500px;
    width: 1200px;
    background-color: green;
}

.beeBody {
    top: 100px;
    left: 100px;
    height: 0;
    width: 0;
    background-color: black;
    border-left: 5px solid yellow;
    border-right: 5px solid yellow;
    padding: 10px 20px 10px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    position: absolute;
    -moz-animation: buzz 3s infinite;
    -webkit-animation: buzz 3s infinite;
    animation: buzz 3s infinite;
}

.beePart {
    content: "";
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    display: block;
    z-index: 1;
    position: relative;
}

.beeStripe {
    background-color: yellow;
    padding-top: 9px;
    border-top: solid yellow 1px;
    padding-bottom: 9px;
    border-bottom: solid yellow 1px;
    border-left: solid yellow 3px;
    border-right: solid yellow 3px;
}

    .beeStripe#rear {
        left: 5px;
        top: -10px;
    }

    .beeStripe#front {
        left: -10px;
        top: -30px;
    }

.beeStinger {
    border-top: solid transparent 2px;
    border-bottom: solid transparent 2px;
    border-left: none;
    border-right: solid black 12.5px;
    left: -37px;
    top: -42px;
}

.beeHead {
    border: 12px solid black;
    border-radius: 12px;
    top: -57px;
    left: 20px;
}

.beeEye {
    border-top: solid white 6px;
    border-bottom: solid white 6px;
    border-left: solid white 3px;
    border-right: solid white 3px;
    border-radius: 16px;
    top: -81px;
    left: 36px;
}

.beePupil {
    z-index: 20;
    border-top: solid black 3px;
    border-bottom: solid black 3px;
    border-left: solid black 1.5px;
    border-right: solid black 1.5px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    top: -90px;
    left: 39px;
}

.beeSmile {
    border-bottom: solid yellow 1px;
    padding-top: 4px;
    padding-left: 5px;
    padding-right: 5px;
    border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
    top: -85px;
    left: 31.5px;
}

.beeAntenna {
    border-left: solid black 1.5px;
    padding-right: 4px;
    padding-top: 7px;
    padding-bottom: 7px;
    border-top-left-radius: 16px;
    top: -114px;
    left: 35px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(20deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(20deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(20deg);
    transform: rotate(20deg);
}

.beeWing {
    width: 20px;
    height: 40px;
    background: white;
    -moz-border-radius: 20px / 40px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 20px / 40px;
    border-radius: 20px / 40px;
    top: -140px;
    left: -5px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(-20deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(-20deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(-20deg);
    transform: rotate(-20deg);
    opacity: .8;
}

    .beeWing#front-left {
        -webkit-transform: rotate(-50deg);
        -moz-transform: rotate(-50deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(-50deg);
        transform: rotate(-50deg);
        top: -175px;
        left: -10px;
    }

@keyframes buzz {
    0% {
        -moz-transform: translateY(-5px) translateX(0) rotate(30deg);
        -ms-transform: translateY(-5px) translateX(0) rotate(30deg);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(-5px) translateX(0) rotate(30deg);
        transform: translateY(-5px) translateX(0) rotate(30deg);
    }

    25% {
        -moz-transform: translateY(5px) translateX(25%) rotate(20deg);
        -ms-transform: translateY(5px) translateX(25%) rotate(20deg);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(5px) translateX(25%) rotate(20deg);
        transform: translateY(5px) translateX(25%) rotate(20deg);
    }

    50% {
        -moz-transform: translateY(10px) translateX(50%);
        -ms-transform: translateY(10px) translateX(50%);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(10px) translateX(50%);
        transform: translateY(10px) translateX(50%);
    }

    75% {
        -moz-transform: translateY(5px) translateX(75%) rotate(-20deg);
        -ms-transform: translateY(5px) translateX(75%) rotate(-20deg);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(5px) translateX(75%) rotate(-20deg);
        transform: translateY(5px) translateX(75%) rotate(-20deg);
    }

    100% {
        -moz-transform: translateY(-17px) translateX(100%) rotate(-40deg);
        -ms-transform: translateY(-17px) translateX(100%) rotate(-40deg);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(-17px) translateX(100%) rotate(-40deg);
        transform: translateY(-17px) translateX(100%) rotate(-40deg);
    }
}

A: Here you go:
http://jsfiddle.net/24ZGT/1/
You were missing @-webkit-keyframe & @-moz-keyframe in addition to your @keyframe. It kind of sucks right now writing all of that, so I would suggest using some sort of CSS preprocessor that handles that for you to save yourself typing time and debugging time sorting through verbose CSS.
For example, with Stylus & Nib you could write your keyframe just like this:
@keyframes buzz
    0%
        transform translateY(-5px) translateX(0) rotate(30deg)

    25%
        transform translateY(5px) translateX(25%) rotate(20deg)

    50%
        transform translateY(10px) translateX(50%)

    75%
        transform translateY(5px) translateX(75%) rotate(-20deg)

   100%
        transform translateY(-17px)

And Stylus would output all the prefixed versions for you!

A: http://jsfiddle.net/c6kBj/36/
You need to prefix the animation as well:
...
@keyframes buzz {...}
@-ms-keyframes buzz {...}
@-webkit-keyframes buzz {...}
...

http://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/keyframe-animation-syntax/


Having sensitive teeth can make eating and drinking more of a chore than something to enjoy, and unfortunately, millions of Americans suffer from pain caused by sensitive teeth. If you're one of them, then it's important to pay attention to what foods trigger the pain so that you can take care when consuming your favorite foods and drinks with them. However, it's even more important to understand why my teeth are sensitive so you can take steps to reduce it.
The reason some people have tooth sensitivity is something called dentin, which is one of the primary substances that make up human teeth. In a healthy tooth, the nerves of the tooth are protected from things like hot, cold, and acid by dentin, which is in turn protected by enamel. But when the enamel wears away, it can expose the dentin below, leaving the nerves susceptible to temperature and other elements. When the nerves are exposed to these things, it triggers pain in your teeth and mouth.
Many activities and substances can actually make tooth pain worse, including anything that will wear away the enamel on your teeth or expose the roots of your teeth.
Great, My Teeth Are Sensitive. So What Can I Do About It?
There's good news for people who are suffering from sensitive teeth: there are treatments that can reduce the pain you experience when you eat and drink. You can mitigate the pain by brushing your teeth with a soft-bristled brush, using desensitizing toothpaste, rinsing your mouth daily with an alcohol-free fluoridated mouthwash, avoiding acidic foods and beverages, and using a straw to consume cold or acidic substances.
Finally, it's also a great idea to schedule an appointment with Dr. Gary Skrobanek at GPS Dental in San Antonio because he may be able to suggest dental procedures or solutions that may further reduce pain, including crowns, bonding, root canals, fixing cracks, or even a custom mouthguard to protect your teeth and enamel from nighttime grinding.
Sensitive teeth can make life a pain and turn every meal into a minefield of figuring out where to chew comfortably; you might even be avoiding certain foods and doing what you can to prevent pain. Fortunately, there are things you can do to reduce pain caused by tooth sensitivity. Along with proper oral hygiene habits and avoiding certain substances, you can also talk to Dr. Skrobanek about what procedures might help make your teeth less sensitive.
Dr. Gary P. Skrobanek's experienced and friendly team at GPS Dental offers family dentistry for all ages in San Antonio, TX area. Our Brooks City Base dentist office is conveniently located and offers early morning appointment times Monday through Friday to meet your needs. At GPS Dental, we promote dental health awareness to our patients and provide most dental services, from family and general dentistry to dental implants, sleep apnea, TMJ / TMD Treatment, cosmetic dentistry and much more. We accept most dental insurance plans and offer affordable financial solutions for any budget. Call us at (210) 633-3477 to make an appointment.