text:
Seeing Further
by: Bill Bryson (author)
Edited and introduced by Bill Bryson, with original contributions from "a glittering array of scientific writing talent" (Sunday Observer) including Richard Dawkins, Margaret Atwood, Richard Holmes, Martin Rees, Richard Fortey, Steve Jones, James Gleick, and Neal Stephenson, among others, this... show more
Edited and introduced by Bill Bryson, with original contributions from "a glittering array of scientific writing talent" (Sunday Observer) including Richard Dawkins, Margaret Atwood, Richard Holmes, Martin Rees, Richard Fortey, Steve Jones, James Gleick, and Neal Stephenson, among others, this incomparable book tells the spectacular story of science and the international Royal Society, from 1660 to the present. Seeing Further is also gorgeously illustrated with photographs, documents, and treasures from the Society's exclusive archives.
On a damp weeknight in November three hundred and fifty years ago, a dozen men gathered in London. After hearing an obscure twenty-eight-year-old named Christopher Wren lecture on the wonders of astronomy, his rapt audience was moved to create a society to promote the accumulation of useful—and fascinating—knowledge. At that, the Royal Society was born, and with it, modern science. Since then, the Royal Society has pioneered global scientific exploration and discovery. Its members have split the atom, discovered the double helix and the electron, and given us the computer and the World Wide Web. Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein, Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle, Joseph Banks, Humphry Davy, John Locke, Alexander Fleming, Stephen Hawking—all have been fellows.
Bill Bryson's favorite fellow is the Reverend Thomas Bayes, a brilliant mathematician who devised Bayes' theorem. Its complexity meant that it had little practical use in Bayes' own lifetime, but today his theorem is used for weather forecasting, astrophysics, and even stock-market analysis. A milestone in mathematical history, it exists only because the Royal Society decided to preserve it—just in case. Truly global in its outlook, the Royal Society now is credited with creating modern science. Seeing Further is an unprecedented celebration of its history and the power of ideas, bringing together the very best of science writing.
ASIN: B0047T7JTK
Publisher: Doubleday Canada
Non Fiction, Essays, History, Science
Steeped in Science, Submersed in Story rated it 5 years ago
http://angelareisetter.booklikes.com Steeped in Science, Submersed in Story 3.0 Seeing Further: Ideas, Endeavours, Discoveries and Disputes — The Story of Science Through 350 Years of the Royal Society
text Seeing Further: Ideas, Endeavours, Discoveries and Disputes — The Story of Science Through 350 Years of the Royal Society
Two stars for the first half of the book, four stars for the 2nd, so that leaves me at 3 stars for the whole thing.Several of the early essays of this collection focus on the early history of the Royal Society and the philosophy of science. They're very academic, hard to read, and full of RS-relate...
Books by Bill Bryson
http://booklikes.com/seeing-further-bill-bryson/book,5757574


text:
'Gold' – Trailer for New Matthew McConaughey Film
It looks like Matthew McConaughey has gone full character-actor mode on us again in his portrayal of an entrepreneurial gold digger in the film, Gold.
Gold follows McConaughey's character as he strikes it big after finding gold in the jungles of Indonesia with help from his cohort in Edgar Ramirez.
Going by the trailer, this film looks like it could be a highly entertaining and memorable film, with the style of the film portrayed in the trailer reminiscent of the likes of Scorcese.
Gold stars Oscar-winner Matthew McConaughey, who has mastered the art of transforming his physical appearance to suit a variety of different characters he's portrayed on-screen, with resounding success.
It seems to be the same case here again, as he looks to have captured his character's appearance and traits perfectly once again.
Gold is based on true events and is directed by Stephen Gaghan who most recently directed the film Syriana (see my review here), only a paltry eleven years ago in 2005 – this will be his first feature film since then.
It also stars Edgar Ramirez, Bryce Dallas Howard, Corey Stoll and Toby Kebbell and is due on 25 December 2016 in the USA.
IMDB Synopsis:
An unlikely pair venture to the Indonesian jungle in search of gold.
'Gold' – Review
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


(Belfast, Northern Ireland--April 29, 2016) Belfast, in Northern Ireland, doesn't have a great history in post-production. But Ka-boom, which started in 2010 as an audio facility, the specialisation of co-founder Will McConnell, quickly grew to fill the void in a city which is now rapidly becoming a major production centre.
This proved so successful that Ka-boom soon decided to invest in a full grading suite. They installed a Baselight ONE with Slate control panel, housed in a room built by one of FilmLight's distribution partners, Tyrell, who are also Ka-boom's regular and long standing systems integrator.
"We used Baselight for Avid for about 14 months before the full system went in," explained co-founder Zach Willis. "It gave us a good understanding of how the system works, so it was seamless when we put in the full Baselight system – nothing was alien to our colourist and he could instantly start work.
The biggest project came in 2015 when Belfast indie production company Stellify Media won a huge entertainment contract from the BBC, and was keen to keep the whole project produced and finalised in Northern Ireland. Ka-boom demonstrated it could handle the complete post – including grading – and in turn won the project.
Can't Touch This is a Saturday night primetime game show, involving the biggest set the BBC has ever constructed – about 40,000 square feet and involving a platform six metres off the ground. The simple objective is if you touch a prize you win it – but you have to cross a massive obstacle course to reach the prizes. The commissioners wanted something big, bold and exciting.
The 10 x 60-minute series was shot using a 12-camera outside broadcast truck. There were also a number of fixed rig cameras, mainly GoPros, and three super slow motion cameras. For each day's shooting Ka-boom was ingesting around four terabytes overnight, ready for the next day's work.
Ka-boom provided three edit suites, with each editor working on a separate show. All the raw content was transcoded to DNxHD at 120 Mb/s. And, because the Avids were running Baselight Editions, Ka-boom could set up a render-free workflow for Can't Touch This to maximise efficiency, quality and creativity.
"This was one of the big pluses for Baselight versus anything else," said Ka-boom's Zach Willis. "You never have to round trip, you never need to get the colourist to break off from what he is doing. The colourist could be grading away in the Baselight suite and the editor could be reviewing in the online suite, tweaking in Baselight Editions. That is why we chose this workflow, and that is why we chose Baselight.
"With the full Baselight ONE system, Editions and the render-free workflow, all barriers are lifted," he added. "Our clients have noticed this, too. They can see right away the flexibility we have and efficiency we can deliver. We're spending the same amount of time with clients but they're getting a better product. We can spend more time being creative and delivering the best picture.


Students use creative tools in the Seesaw app or website to complete classroom activities like "Perimeter Word Probl…"
Read the word problems and answer them. Use the to do any working out. Use the to record your reasoning. Make sure you include the correct measurements in your answers.


text:
2Recording
2.1Production and mixing dispute
3Music and lyrics
4Title and packaging
5Marketing and sales
6.1Reappraisal
7Track listing
9Charts
9.1Original release
9.220th anniversary edition
9.4Decade-end charts
10Certifications
(Redirected from In Utero (album))
1993 studio album by Nirvana
This article is about the album by Nirvana. For the medical term, see Uterus. For the tribute album, see In Utero, in Tribute, in Entirety.
September 21, 1993 (1993-09-21)
February 13–21, 1993[1]
February 22–26, 1993 (mixing)[2]
Pachyderm, Cannon Falls, Minnesota
Grunge[3]
alternative rock[4]
punk rock[5]
noise rock[6]
Steve Albini
Nirvana chronology
(1992) In Utero
(1993) MTV Unplugged in New York
Singles from In Utero
"Heart-Shaped Box"
"All Apologies" / "Rape Me"
"Pennyroyal Tea"
Released: April 1994 (canceled)
April 19, 2014 (re-release)
In Utero is the third and final studio album by American rock band Nirvana. It was released on September 21, 1993, by DGC Records. After breaking into the mainstream with their second album, Nevermind (1991), Nirvana hired Steve Albini to record In Utero, seeking a more complex, abrasive sound that was also reminiscent of their debut album, Bleach (1989). Although frontman and lyricist Kurt Cobain claimed that the album was "very impersonal", many of its songs contain heavy allusions to his personal life and struggles, expressing feelings of angst that were common on Nevermind.
The album was recorded over two weeks in February 1993 at Pachyderm Studio in Cannon Falls, Minnesota. Soon after recording began, rumors circulated that DGC might not release the album due to Albini's abrasive and uncommercial sound. In response, the label hired producer Scott Litt to remix the singles "All Apologies", "Heart-Shaped Box" and "Pennyroyal Tea", upsetting both Albini and the band.
In Utero was a major commercial and critical success. Critics praised the album's raw, unconventional sound and Cobain's lyricism. It reached number one on the US Billboard 200 and UK Albums Chart; "Heart-Shaped Box" and "All Apologies" reached number one on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart. The album is certified five-times platinum in the US and has sold 15 million copies worldwide. It was the final Nirvana album before Cobain's suicide in 1994. "Pennyroyal Tea", planned as a single prior to Cobain's death, was released in 2014 and reached number one on the now-defunct Billboard Hot 100 Singles Sales chart.
Nirvana enlisted producer and musician Steve Albini to take In Utero's sound in a new direction.
Nirvana broke into the mainstream with their second album, Nevermind, in 1991. Despite modest sales estimates,[7] Nevermind was a major commercial success, popularizing the grunge movement and alternative rock.[8] Nirvana expressed dissatisfaction with the sound of the album, citing its production as too polished.[9] Early in 1992, songwriter Kurt Cobain told Rolling Stone that Nirvana's next album would showcase "both of the extremes" of their sound, saying: "It'll be more raw with some songs and more candy pop on some of the others. It won't be as one-dimensional."[10] The Nevermind producer, Butch Vig, said later that Cobain had needed to work with a different producer to "reclaim his punk ethics or cred".[11]
Cobain wanted to start work in mid-1992, but his bandmates lived in different cities, and Cobain and his wife, Courtney Love, were expecting the birth of their daughter, Frances Bean.[12] Nirvana's record label, DGC Records, had hoped to release a new Nirvana album for the 1992 holiday season; instead, they released the compilation album Incesticide.[13]
In a Melody Maker interview published in July 1992, Cobain said he was interested in recording with Jack Endino, who had produced Nirvana's 1989 debut album Bleach, and Steve Albini, former frontman of the noise rock band Big Black, who had produced various independent releases.[14] In Seattle in October 1992, Nirvana recorded several demos with Endino, mainly as instrumentals, including songs later rerecorded for In Utero.[15] Endino recalled that the band did not ask him to produce its next record, and that they constantly debated working with Albini.[16] Nirvana recorded another set of demos while on tour in Brazil in January 1993.[17] "Gallons of Rubbing Alcohol Flow Through the Strip" was recorded by Craig Montgomery at BMG Ariola Ltda in Rio de Janeiro, during the three-day demo session. The song was originally titled "I'll Take You Down to the Pavement", a reference to an argument between Cobain and Guns N' Roses singer Axl Rose at the 1992 MTV Video Music Awards.[18]
Nirvana ultimately chose Albini to record its third album.[19] Albini had a reputation in the American independent music scene as being critical of the mainstream music industry and had a strict preference for analog recording than digital.[20] He sent a disclaimer to the British music press denying rumors of his involvement with Nirvana, only to receive a call from Nirvana's management a few days later.[21] Albini dismissed Nirvana as "R.E.M. with a fuzzbox" and "an unremarkable version of the Seattle sound". However, he accepted the job because he felt sorry for them, perceiving them as "the same sort of people as all the small-fry bands I deal with", at the mercy of their record company.[22]
Cobain said he chose Albini because he had produced two of his favorite records, Surfer Rosa (1988) by the Pixies and Pod (1990) by the Breeders. Cobain wanted to use Albini's technique of capturing the natural ambience of a room via the placement of several microphones, something previous Nirvana producers had been averse to trying.[20] Before the recording, the band sent Albini a tape of the demos they had made in Brazil. In return, Albini sent Cobain a copy of the PJ Harvey album Rid of Me (1993) to give him an idea of the acoustics at the studio where they would record.[23]
Recording[edit]
Nirvana and Albini set a two-week deadline for recording. At the suggestion of Albini, who was wary of interference from DGC, Nirvana paid for the sessions with their own money. Studio fees totaled US$24,000, while Albini took a flat fee of $100,000. Though he stood to earn about $500,000 from royalties, Albini refused to accept them,[24] as he considered taking royalties immoral and "an insult to the artist".[22]
A sign welcomes visitors to the secluded location of Pachyderm Studios (now Seedy Underbelly North), where Nirvana stayed in virtual solitude while recording the album
In February 1993, Nirvana traveled to Pachyderm Studio in Cannon Falls, Minnesota.[25] Albini did not meet them until the first day of recording, though he had spoken to them beforehand about the type of album they wanted to make; he observed that "they wanted to make precisely the sort of record that I'm comfortable doing".[26] The group stayed in a house on the studio grounds. Novoselic compared the isolated conditions to a gulag; he said, "There was snow outside, we couldn't go anywhere. We just worked."[25] For most of the sessions, only the band, Albini, and technician Bob Weston were present.[27][28] Nirvana made it clear to DGC and their management company Gold Mountain that they wanted no intrusion, and did not play their work in progress for their A&R representative.[27] Albini instituted a policy of ignoring everyone except for the band members; he said that everyone associated with Nirvana were "the biggest pieces of shit I ever met".[29]
Nirvana arrived at Pachyderm Studio without their equipment and spent much of the first three days waiting for it to arrive by mail. Once recording began, on February 13, work moved quickly.[25][27] On most days, the group began work around midday, took breaks for lunch and dinner, and worked until midnight.[24] For most songs, Cobain, Novoselic, and Grohl recorded their basic instrumental tracks together as a band.[27] For faster songs, such as "Very Ape" and "Tourette's", the drums were recorded separately in a kitchen for its natural reverb. Albini surrounded Grohl's drum kit with about 30 microphones.[24] Cobain added additional guitar tracks to about half of the songs, then guitar solos, and finally vocals. The band did not discard takes and kept virtually everything they recorded.[27]
Albini saw himself more as an engineer than a producer; despite his personal opinions, he let the band choose takes.[30] He said, "Generally speaking, [Cobain] knows what he thinks is acceptable and what isn't acceptable [...] He can make concrete steps to improve things that he doesn't think are acceptable."[31] Cobain reportedly recorded all his vocal tracks in six hours.[32] Albini said that Cobain, who had struggled with drug addiction, was focused and sober in the studio.[24]
Recording was completed in six days; Cobain had anticipated disagreements with Albini, whom he had heard "was supposedly this sexist jerk", but called the process "the easiest recording we've ever done, hands down".[27] The only disruption occurred a week into the sessions, when Love arrived because she missed Cobain. Weston's girlfriend, the studio's chef, said that Love created tension by criticizing Cobain's work and was confrontational with everyone present.[24]
The initial mix of In Utero took five days.[32] This was quick by Nirvana's standards, but not for Albini, who was used to mixing albums in a day or two. When work on a mix was not producing desired results, the band and Albini took the rest of the day off to watch nature videos, set things on fire and make prank calls.[33] The sessions were completed on February 26.[34]
Production and mixing dispute[edit]
After the recording sessions were completed, Nirvana sent unmastered tapes of the album to several individuals, including Gold Mountain and Ed Rosenblatt, the president of DGC's parent company Geffen Records. When asked about the feedback he received, Cobain told Michael Azerrad, "The grown-ups don't like it." He said he was told his songwriting was "not up to par", the sound was "unlistenable", and that there was uncertainty that mainstream radio would accept Albini's production.[35] Few at Geffen or Gold Mountain had wanted the band to record with Albini, and Cobain felt he was receiving an unstated message to scrap the sessions and start again.[36]
Cobain was upset and said to Azerrad, "I should just re-record this record and do the same thing we did last year because we sold out last year—there's no reason to try and redeem ourselves as artists at this point. I can't help myself—I'm just putting out a record I would like to listen to at home." However, a number of Nirvana's friends liked the album, and by April 1993, Nirvana was intent on releasing In Utero as it was. According to Cobain, "Of course, they want another Nevermind, but I'd rather die than do that. This is exactly the kind of record I would buy as a fan, that I would enjoy owning."[36]
The band began to have doubts about the record. Cobain said, "The first time I played it at home, I knew there was something wrong. The whole first week I wasn't really interested in listening to it at all, and that usually doesn't happen. I got no emotion from it, I was just numb."[37] The group concluded that the bass and lyrics were inaudible and asked Albini to remix the album. He declined; as he recalled, "[Cobain] wanted to make a record that he could slam down on the table and say, 'Listen, I know this is good, and I know your concerns about it are meaningless, so go with it.' And I don't think he felt he had that yet ... My problem was that I feared a slippery slope."[38] The band attempted to address their concerns during the mastering process with Bob Ludwig at his studio in Portland, Maine. Novoselic was pleased with the results, but Cobain still did not feel it was perfect.[39]
Audio mastering engineer Bob Ludwig (pictured in 2008) was recruited to help make the album sound acceptable to DGC Records.
Soon afterward, in April 1993, Albini told the Chicago Tribune that he doubted Geffen would release the album.[40] Years later, Albini said: "I wasn't there when the band was having their discussions with the record label. All I know is ... we made a record, everybody was happy with it. A few weeks later I hear that it's unreleasable and it's all got to be redone."[41] While Albini's remarks in the article drew no reply from Nirvana or Geffen, Newsweek ran a similar article soon afterwards that did.[42] Nirvana wrote a letter to Newsweek denying any pressure to change the album and saying the author had "ridiculed our relationship with our label based on totally erroneous information". The band reprinted the letter in a full-page ad in Billboard. Rosenblatt insisted in a press release that Geffen would release anything Nirvana submitted, and label founder David Geffen made the unusual move of calling Newsweek to complain.[43]
Nirvana considered working with producer Scott Litt and remixing some tracks with Andy Wallace, who had mixed Nevermind. Albini vehemently disagreed, and said the band had agreed not to modify the tracks without his involvement. He initially refused to give the master tapes to Gold Mountain, but relented after a phone call from Novoselic. The band eventually had Litt remix songs intended as singles; "Heart Shaped Box" and "All Apologies" were remixed at Seattle's Bad Animals Studio in May 1993.[44]
"I Hate Myself and Want to Die" was omitted as Cobain felt the album already contained too many "noise" songs.[45] The rest of the album was left unaltered aside from a remastering.[46] Albini was critical of the final mix; he said, "The record in the stores doesn't sound all that much like the record that was made, though it's still them singing and playing their songs, and the musical quality of it still comes across."[13] According to Albini, In Utero made him unpopular with major record labels, and he faced problems finding work in the year following its release.[47]
Music and lyrics[edit]
"Milk It"
"Milk It" displays the aggressive and more experimental sound Nirvana explored on In Utero.
"Rape Me"
"Rape Me" is an anti-rape song with explicit lyrics.
Problems playing these files? See media help.
Albini sought to produce a record that sounded nothing like Nevermind.[22] He felt the sound of Nevermind was "sort of a standard hack recording that has been turned into a very, very controlled, compressed radio-friendly mix [...] That is not, in my opinion, very flattering to a rock band." Instead, he intended to capture a more natural and visceral sound.[31] Albini refused to double-track Cobain's vocals and instead recorded him singing in a resonant room.[31] He noted the intensity of Cobain's vocals on some tracks; he said, "There's a really dry, really loud voice at the end of 'Milk It' ... that was also done at the end of 'Rape Me', where [Cobain] wanted the sound of him screaming to just overtake the whole band."[48] Albini achieved the sparse drum sound by placing several microphones around Grohl, picking up the natural reverberation of the room. Albini said, "If you take a good drummer and put him in front of a drum kit that sounds good acoustically and just record it, you've done your job."[31]
Azerrad asserted in his 1993 biography Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana that In Utero showcased divergent sensibilities of abrasiveness and accessibility that reflected the upheavals Cobain experienced prior to the album's completion. He wrote, "The Beatlesque 'Dumb' happily coexists beside the all-out frenzied punk graffiti of 'Milk It,' while 'All Apologies' is worlds away from the apoplectic 'Scentless Apprentice.' It's as if [Cobain] has given up trying to meld his punk and pop instincts into one harmonious whole. Forget it. This is war." Cobain believed, however, that In Utero was not "any harsher or any more emotional" than any of Nirvana's previous records.[49] Novoselic agreed that the album leaned more towards the band's "arty, aggressive side"; he said, "There's always been [Nirvana] songs like 'About a Girl' and there's always been songs like 'Paper Cuts'... Nevermind came out kind of 'About a Girl'-y and this [album] came out more 'Paper Cuts'".[50] Cobain cited "Milk It" as an example of the more experimental and aggressive direction in which the band's music had been moving in the months prior to the sessions at Pachyderm Studio.[51] Novoselic viewed the album's singles "Heart-Shaped Box" and "All Apologies" as "gateways" to the more abrasive sound of the rest of the album, telling journalist Jim DeRogatis that once listeners played the record, they would discover "this aggressive wild sound, a true alternative record".[52]
Several songs on In Utero were written years prior to recording; some dated to 1990.[53] Cobain favored long song titles, such as "Frances Farmer Will Have Her Revenge on Seattle", in reaction to contemporary alternative rock bands that used single-word titles.[54] He continued to work on the lyrics while recording.[55] He told Darcey Steinke in Spin in 1993 that, in contrast to Bleach and Nevermind, the lyrics were "more focused, they're almost built on themes".[56] Azerrad asserted that the lyrics were less impressionistic and more straightforward than in previous Nirvana songs. Azerrad also noted that "virtually every song contains some image of sickness and disease".[49] In a number of songs, Cobain made reference to books; "Frances Farmer Will Have Her Revenge on Seattle" was inspired by Shadowland, a 1978 biography of actress Frances Farmer, with whom Cobain had been fascinated ever since he read the book in high school.[57] "Scentless Apprentice" was written about Perfume: The Story of a Murderer, a historical horror novel about a perfumer's apprentice who attempts to create the ultimate perfume by killing virgin women and taking their scent.[58]
Cobain described In Utero as "very impersonal".[59] He also told Q that the infant and childbirth imagery on the album and his newfound fatherhood were coincidental.[60] However, Azerrad argued that much of the album contains personal themes, noting that Grohl held a similar view. Grohl said, "A lot of what he has to say is related to a lot of the shit he's gone through. And it's not so much teen angst any more. It's a whole different ball game: rock star angst."[61] Cobain downplayed recent events and told Azerrad that he did not want to write a track that explicitly expressed his anger at the media; Azerrad countered that "Rape Me" seemed to deal with that very issue. While Cobain said the song was written long before his addiction problems became public, he agreed that the song could be viewed in that light.[62] "Serve the Servants" comments on Cobain's life. The opening lines "Teenage angst has paid off well / Now I'm bored and old" were a reference to Cobain's state of mind in the wake of Nirvana's success.[63] Cobain dismissed the media attention given to the effect his parents' divorce had on his life with the line "That legendary divorce is such a bore" from the chorus, and directly addressed his father with the lines "I tried hard to have a father / But instead I had a dad / I just want you to know that I don't hate you any more / There is nothing I could say that I haven't thought before". Cobain said he wanted his father to know he did not hate him, but had no desire to talk to him.[64]
According to journalist Gillian G. Gaar, "Gallons of Rubbing Alcohol Flow Through the Strip" was the kind of improvisational jam Nirvana frequently performed in the studio, but had rarely recorded during earlier sessions, when the priority had been to record as quickly as possible.[18] She wrote that it featured "Cobain alternating between seemingly disconnected singing and spoken-words sections, with Novoselic and Grohl providing a steady background accompaniment, punctuated by bursts of noisy guitar."[18] Journalist Everett True described the song's mood as "playful", with "the instruments engaging in a game of cat and mouse, almost daring each other to explode in fury".[65] Novoselic said it was an example of the band "just fucking around".[18]
Title and packaging[edit]
The front cover alongside an angel-winged mannequin in the manner of the album artwork, at the Experience Music Project museum's Nirvana exhibit
Transparent Anatomical Manikin (TAM)
Cobain originally wanted to name the album I Hate Myself and I Want to Die, a phrase that had originated in his journals in mid-1992.[66] At the time, he used the phrase as a response whenever someone asked him how he was doing. Cobain intended the album title as a joke; he stated he was "tired of taking this band so seriously and everyone else taking it so seriously".[67] Novoselic convinced Cobain to change the title due to fear that it could potentially result in a lawsuit. The band then considered using Verse Chorus Verse—a title taken from its song "Verse Chorus Verse", and an earlier working title of "Sappy"—before eventually settling on In Utero. The final title was taken from a poem written by Courtney Love.[68]
The art director for In Utero was Robert Fisher, who had designed all of Nirvana's releases on DGC. Most of the ideas for the artwork for the album and related singles came from Cobain. Fisher recalled that "[Cobain] would just give me some loose odds and ends and say 'Do something with it.'"[69] The cover of the album is an image of a Transparent Anatomical Manikin, with angel wings superimposed. Cobain created the collage on the back cover, which he described as "Sex and woman and In Utero and vaginas and birth and death", that consists of model fetuses, a turtle shell and models of turtles, and body parts lying in a bed of orchids and lilies. The collage had been set up on the floor of Cobain's living room and was photographed by Charles Peterson after an unexpected call from Cobain.[70] The album's track listing and re-illustrated symbols from Barbara G. Walker's The Woman's Dictionary of Symbols and Sacred Objects were then positioned around the edge of the collage.[71]
Mannequins of the angel-winged anatomical figure were used as stage props on Nirvana's concert tour supporting In Utero. One such mannequin later featured at the Experience Music Project museum's exhibition "Nirvana: Taking Punk to the Masses", which ran from April 2011 through 2013 and showcased memorabilia celebrating the band's music and history.[72]
Marketing and sales[edit]
To avoid over-hyping the album, DGC Records took a low-key approach to promoting In Utero; their head of marketing told Billboard before the album's release that they were planning a campaign similar to that of Nevermind, and the label would "set things up, duck, and get out of the way". The label aimed its promotion at alternative markets and press, and released the album on vinyl as part of this strategy.[73] In contrast to Nevermind, DGC did not release any of In Utero's singles commercially in the United States.[13] DGC sent promo copies of the album's first single, "Heart-Shaped Box", to American college, modern rock, and album-oriented rock radio stations in early September, but did not target Top 40 radio.[73] The band was convinced that In Utero would not be as successful as Nevermind. Cobain told Jim DeRogatis, "We're certain that we won't sell a quarter as much, and we're totally comfortable with that because we like this record so much."[74]
In Utero was released on September 13, 1993, on vinyl record and cassette tape in the United Kingdom, and on September 14 on vinyl in the United States, with the American vinyl pressing limited to 25,000 copies.[75][76] It was issued on CD in the U.K. on September 14, and in other formats on September 21.[75] European and Australian versions of In Utero released that same month included "Gallons of Rubbing Alcohol Flow Through the Strip" as a hidden bonus track,[77] with a sticker on the cover reading "Exclusive International Bonus Track",[78] although the booklet referred to the song as a "Devalued American Dollar Purchase Incentive Track". According to Novoselic, DGC did not want the European version to compete with the US version, and so added the extra track.[18]
In Utero debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200,[79] selling 180,000 copies.[80] The retail chain stores Wal-Mart and Kmart refused to sell it; according to The New York Times, Wal-Mart said this was due to lack of consumer demand, while Kmart representatives said the album did not fit with their "merchandise mix".[81] In truth, both chains feared that customers would be offended by the artwork on the back cover. DGC issued a new version to the stores in March 1994, with edited album artwork, "Rape Me" retitled "Waif Me", and the Scott Litt remix of "Pennyroyal Tea".[82] A spokesperson for Nirvana explained that the band decided to edit the packaging because they wanted their music available to "kids who don't have the opportunity to go to mom-and-pop stores".[83] In Utero also debuted at number one in the United Kingdom where according to NME, "Nirvana confirmed their status as the seminal band of the time".[84]
A ticket to Nirvana's April 8, 1994, concert at the Simmonscourt Pavilion in Dublin, cancelled after the discovery of Kurt Cobain's death that same day
In October 1993, Nirvana began their first American tour in two years to promote the album.[85] A second single, a split release that featured "All Apologies" and "Rape Me", was issued in December in the United Kingdom.[13] The band began a six-week European leg in February 1994, but it was canceled after Cobain suffered a drug overdose in Rome on March 6.[86] Cobain agreed to enter drug rehabilitation, but went missing soon afterward. On April 8, he was found dead in his Seattle home, having shot himself.[87] A third single from In Utero, "Pennyroyal Tea", was canceled in the wake of Cobain's death and the subsequent dissolution of Nirvana; limited promotional copies were released in Britain.[13] Three days after Cobain's body was discovered, In Utero moved from number 72 to number 27 on the Billboard charts,[88] with a 122% sales increase of 40,000 copies sold compared to 18,000 in the week before.[89]
In Utero has been certified five times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipments of over five million units,[90] and has sold 4,258,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.[91] For the album's 20th anniversary, DGC reissued In Utero in several formats in September 2013.[92]
Aggregate scores
Metacritic 90/100
(20th anniversary)[93]
AllMusic [19]
Blender [94]
Chicago Sun-Times [95]
Christgau's Consumer Guide A[96]
Entertainment Weekly B+[97]
Los Angeles Times [98]
NME 8/10[99]
Pitchfork 10/10[100]
Q [101]
Rolling Stone [102]
Select 5/5[103]
In Utero received critical acclaim from critics.[80] Time's Christopher John Farley stated in his review, "Despite the fears of some alternative-music fans, Nirvana hasn't gone mainstream, though this potent new album may once again force the mainstream to go Nirvana."[104] Rolling Stone reviewer David Fricke said that the album is "a lot of things – brilliant, corrosive, enraged and thoughtful, most of them all at once. But more than anything, it's a triumph of the will."[102] Entertainment Weekly reviewer David Browne commented "Kurt Cobain hates it all", and noted that the sentiment pervades the record. Browne argued, "The music is often mesmerizing, cathartic rock & roll, but it is rock & roll without release, because the band is suspicious of the old-school rock clichés such a release would evoke."[97]
NME writer John Mulvey had doubts about the record; he concluded, "As a document of a mind in flux – dithering, dissatisfied, unable to come to terms with sanity – Kurt should be proud of [the album]. As a follow-up to one of the best records of the past ten years it just isn't quite there."[99] Plugged In was not enthusiastic; reviewer Bob Waliszewski wrote, "In Utero is noxious noise with no redeeming value."[105] Ben Thompson of The Independent commented that in spite of the more abrasive songs, "In Utero is beautiful far more often than it is ugly ... Nirvana have wisely neglected to make the unlistenable punk-rock nightmare they threatened us with."[106] Q felt that the album showcases Cobain's songwriting abilities and wrote, "If this is how Cobain is going to develop, the future is lighthouse-bright."[101]
Several critics ranked In Utero one of the best releases of the year; it placed first and second in the album categories of the Rolling Stone and Village Voice Pazz & Jop year-end critics' polls.[107][108] The New York Times included it on its list of the top ten albums of the year.[109] It was nominated for Best Alternative Music Album at the 1994 Grammy Awards.[110] The guitar riff from "Very Ape" was sampled by British electronic band the Prodigy for their 1994 single "Voodoo People".[111][112]
Reappraisal[edit]
In Utero has continued to perform commercially and gather critical praise. In a 2003 Guitar World article for the album's tenth anniversary, Cobain biographer Charles R. Cross argued that In Utero was "a far better record than [Nevermind] and one that only 10 years later seems to be an influential seed spreader, judging by current bands. If it is possible for an album that sold four million copies to be overlooked, or underappreciated, then In Utero is that lost pearl."[113] That year, Pitchfork named In Utero the 13th best album of the 1990s.[114] Rolling Stone ranked it number 435 on its list The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time,[115] and 173 in its 2020 updated list.[116] It also ranked it the seventh best album of the 90s.[117]
In 2004, Blender named In Utero the 94th greatest American album,[118] and in 2005, Spin named it the 51st best album of the previous 20 years.[119] In 2005, In Utero was ranked number 358 in Rock Hard's book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time.[120] In 2013, Diffuser.fm named In Utero the fourth best album of 1993,[121] while NME ranked it at number 35 on its list "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time".[122] The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[123] In May 2017, Loudwire ranked it at number six on its list "The 30 Best Grunge Albums of All Time".[124] In April 2019, Rolling Stone placed it at number eight on its 50 Greatest Grunge Albums list.[125]
All tracks are written by Kurt Cobain, except where noted.
Writer(s)
"Serve the Servants" 3:36
"Scentless Apprentice" Kurt Cobain, Dave Grohl, Krist Novoselic 3:48
"Heart-Shaped Box" 4:41
"Rape Me" 2:50
"Frances Farmer Will Have Her Revenge on Seattle" 4:09
"Dumb" 2:32
"Very Ape" 1:56
"Milk It" 3:55
"Pennyroyal Tea" 3:37
"Radio Friendly Unit Shifter" 4:51
"Tourette's" 1:35
"All Apologies" 3:51
Total length:
Bonus track on non-US CD pressings
"Gallons of Rubbing Alcohol Flow Through the Strip" (Cobain, Grohl, Novoselic) 7:34
Original non-US CD pressings of the album include "Gallons of Rubbing Alcohol Flow Through the Strip" as a hidden track. It is listed on the back cover as track 13, but is heard after approximately 20 minutes of silence on track 12 following "All Apologies", beginning at 24:00.
Kurt Cobain – vocals, guitars, art direction, design, photography
Krist Novoselic – bass guitar
Dave Grohl – drums, percussion, backing vocals
Other musicians
Kera Schaley – cello on "All Apologies" and "Dumb"
Steve Albini – producer, engineer, mixing
Robert Fisher – art direction, design, photography
Alex Grey – illustrations
Michael Lavine – photography
Scott Litt – mixing on "Heart-Shaped Box" and "All Apologies" on original release plus "Pennyroyal Tea" on deluxe edition
Adam Kasper – second engineer to Scott Litt
Bob Ludwig – audio mastering
Karen Mason – photography
Charles Peterson – photography
Neil Wallace – photography
Bob Weston – technician
Charts[edit]
Original release[edit]
Weekly chart performance for the original release for In Utero
Australian Albums (ARIA)[126]
Australian Alternative Albums (ARIA)[127]
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)[128]
Belgian Albums (IFPI Belgium)[129]
Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[130]
Danish Albums (Hitlisten)[131]
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)[132]
European Top 100 Albums (Music & Media)[133][134]
French Albums (SNEP)[135]
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[136]
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ)[137]
Icelandic Albums (DV)[138]
Irish Albums (IFPI Ireland)[131]
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[139]
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[140]
Portuguese Albums (AFP)[141]
Spanish Albums (Spanish Albums Chart)[142]
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[143]
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[144]
UK Network Albums (MRIB)[145]
UK Albums (OCC)[146]
US Billboard 200[147]
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)[148]
Greek Albums (Billboard)[149]
Polish Albums (ZPAV)[150]
20th anniversary edition[edit]
Weekly chart performance for the 20th anniversary release of In Utero
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[153]
Italian Albums (FIMI)[154]
Japanese Albums (Oricon)[155]
Scottish Albums (OCC)[157]
Spanish Albums (PROMUSICAE)[158]
US Top Catalog Albums (Billboard)[161]
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)[162]
Year-end chart performance for In Utero
Eurochart Hot 100 Albums (Music & Media)[164]
New Zealand (RMNZ)[166]
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[171]
US Cashbox Pop Albums[174]
Canadian Alternative Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)[176]
Canadian Metal Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)[177]
Australian Vinyl Albums (ARIA)[178]
Decade-end charts[edit]
Chart (2010-2019)
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)[180]
Argentina (CAPIF)[181]
Platinum 60,000^
Australia (ARIA)[182]
2× Platinum 140,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[183]
Gold 25,000*
Belgium (BEA)[184]
Platinum 50,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[185]
Gold 100,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[186]
France (SNEP)[187]
Platinum 300,000*
Germany (BVMI)[188]
Italy (FIMI)[189]
sales since 2009
Japan (RIAJ)[190]
Platinum 200,000^
Mexico (AMPROFON)[191]
Netherlands (NVPI)[192]
Gold 50,000^
3× Platinum 45,000^
Norway (IFPI Norway)[194]
Poland (ZPAV)[195]
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[196]
Sweden (GLF)[197]
United Kingdom (BPI)[198]
2× Platinum 600,000
United States (RIAA)[199]
5× Platinum 5,000,000^
* Sales figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
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^ "Canada's Top 200 Alternative albums of 2002". Jam!. Archived from the original on September 2, 2004. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
^ "Top 100 Metal Albums of 2002". Jam!. Archived from the original on August 12, 2004. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
^ "2018 ARIA Vinyl Albums Chart". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on March 21, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
^ "Official Top 100 biggest selling vinyl albums of the decade". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on March 10, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
^ "Discos de oro y platino" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1996 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
^ "Austrian album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – albums 1995". Ultratop. Hung Medien.
^ "Brazilian album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero" (in Portuguese). Pro-Música Brasil. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ "Canadian album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero". Music Canada. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ "French album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Nirvana; 'In Utero')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ "Italian album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana.
^ "Japanese album certifications – ニルヴァーナ – イン・ユーテロ" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved August 2, 2013. Select 2000年2月 on the drop-down menu
^ "Certificaciones" (in Spanish). Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Retrieved May 4, 2019. Type Nirvana in the box under the ARTISTA column heading and In Utero in the box under the TÍTULO column heading.
^ "Dutch album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers. Enter In Utero in the "Artiest of titel" box. Select 1994 in the drop-down menu saying "Alle statussen"
^ "Latest Gold / Platinum Albums". Radioscope. July 17, 2011. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
^ "IFPI Norsk platebransje Trofeer 1993–2011" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ "Wyróżnienia – Złote płyty CD - Archiwum - Przyznane w 1997 roku" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
^ Solo Exitos 19592002 Ano A Ano: Certificados 1991–1995. Solo Exitos 1959–2002 Ano A Ano. 2005. ISBN 8480486392. Archived from the original on April 4, 2014. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 17, 2011.
^ "British album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero". British Phonographic Industry.
^ "American album certifications – Nirvana – In Utero". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
Azerrad, Michael (1994). Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana. Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-47199-8.
Borzillo-Vrenna, Carrie (2003). Nirvana: The Day to Day Illustrated Journals (Reprint ed.). Barnes & Noble Books. ISBN 9780760748930 – via Internet Archive (registration required).
Cameron, Keith (May 2001). "This Is Pop". Mojo.
Cross, Charles R. (2001). Heavier Than Heaven: A Biography of Kurt Cobain. Hyperion. ISBN 0-7868-8402-9.
DeRogatis, Jim (2003). Milk It!: Collected Musings on the Alternative Music Explosion of the 90s. Da Capo. ISBN 0-306-81271-1.
Gaar, Gillian G. (2006). In Utero. 33⅓. Vol. 34. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 0-8264-1776-0.
Rocco, John, ed. (1998). The Nirvana Companion: Two Decades of Commentary. Schirmer. ISBN 0-02-864930-3.
Young, Charles M. (2004). "Nirvana". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
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The costs of vacationing can vary depending upon your destination, how you plan to get there, the activities you plan to enjoy during your stay, etc. There are averages though that you can use to set a budget for your vacation.
With the high price of gas, it may be cheaper to fly to your vacation destination. Always add up the gas, meals, and hotels necessary for the time traveling from your home to your vacation destination, then compare the total of these costs to your airfare. When flying to your destination always figure in the cost of a rental car.
Food is also a major expense, and there are ways this expense can be easily cut down. By eating breakfast in your room and sandwiches for lunch, you can drastically cut your food bill. Another option is to rent a condo that has a full kitchen, and then you would just be spending the same amount on food you would have spent staying at home. If you are planning to eat your meals out, then figure approximately $20 for each meal per person.
Accommodations will probably be your highest expense, running approx. $100 per night on the low side for just a hotel room with no kitchen facilities. This cost can also be greatly reduced by joining a vacation club because many times you can get a weekly rental at a very nice resort with more than 1 bedroom and a kitchen for under $300 per week. This will allow you to spend your money on fun instead of room and meals.


text:
News & Events Dr. Ray Takigiku of Bexion Honored at Healthcare Hero Awards
CTI Congratulates Dr. Ray Takigiku, Bexion Pharmaceuticals on Recognition at Healthcare Heroes Awards
CTI Clinical Trial and Consulting Services (CTI), a multi-national, privately held, full-service contract research organization, congratulates their friend and partner Dr. Ray Takigiku of Bexion Pharmaceuticals, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company founded more than a decade ago with a focus on rare brain and solid tumors, on being named one of Cincinnati's Healthcare Heroes. Takigiku, nominated by CTI, was honored as a finalist in the "Entrepreneur" category at the Cincinnati Business Courier's Healthcare Heroes award reception, held on February 21 at at the Hyatt Regency in Cincinnati, OH.
The Healthcare Heroes Awards recognizes those who have improved the quality of health care in Greater Cincinnati through medical expertise, research and innovation, management skills, entrepreneurial initiatives, community outreach and patient care. The Entrepreneur category honors an entrepreneurial initiative in the health care business scene that is making strides in the industry.
"We're thrilled to congratulate Ray on his nomination for this award," remarks Timothy J. Schroeder, Founder and CEO. "The success so far of BXQ-350, a groundbreaking new cancer treatment, is a testament to both Ray's entrepreneurial spirit and the entire team's dedication to improving the lives of those living with debilitating and life-threatening diseases.
CTI and Bexion first announced their partnership in the development of BXQ-350 for the treatment of cancer in the fall of 2016. The teams have been working closely together to move BXQ-350 through the drug development process ever since, announcing the resultsof early testing in humans in 2018.


text:
Our Family Tree Branch: My extended family
Parents ___ Swider
Andrew Ostafin 1856 -- 9 AUG 1916
Pauline Swider 1877 -- 22 JUN 1954
Edward Kowal
Birth 20 DEC 1912
Cyndislist.com State Page
Death 1962
MA, Hampshire Co, Easthampton
Veronica Ostafin
Birth 5 JAN 1906
CT, Hartford Co, Hartford
MA, Hampshire Co, Easthampton, St Stanislaus Cemetery
Add more on this location
Newspaper, 4/20/1962: Easthampton -- Edward J. Kowal, 49, of 10 Pepin Ave., died at the Cooley Dickinson Hospital this morning after a long illness. He was born in Hadley, Dec. 20, 1912, a son of Michael and Tekla Kowal. He had lived in Easthampton for 26 years and had been employed at the International Silver plant in Florence for 19 years. He was married in December 1936 to the former Veronica Ostafin of this town, who survives. He also leaves his stepmother, Mrs. Jadwiga Kowal: three brothers. Joseph and John Kowal of Hadley and Anthony Kowal of Amherst, and several nieces and nephews. The funeral will be held from the Czelusniak funeral home on Monday at a time to be announced. Calling hours will be from 7 this evening until the funeral.
Obituary, : Obituary: Veronica (Ostafin) Kowal, 97, of Goose Lane, Coventry, formerly of 10 Pepin Ave., Easthampton, Mass., died Wednesday, April 28, 2004, in St. Francis Hospital, Hartford.
She was born Jan. 5, 1907, in Easthampton, the daughter of the late Andrew and Pauline (Swider) Ostafin. She attended Easthampton Schools and later was employed by the former Hampton Mills in Easthampton, retiring in 1971 from Northampton State Hospital. She was a life long member of the Sacred Heart Church and the Holy Rosary Soldality of the church. She was the widow of Edward Joseph Kowal, who died in 1962.
Surviving are two nieces, Mary Ann and Donald Figiela, with whom she made her home, and Pauline Russo of Medway, Mass.; one nephew, Charles S. Ostafin Jr. of Florida. She was a special cioci to Cindy and Lawrence McCloskey, Edward Joseph and Kimberly Figiela, and D.J. and Renee Figiela. She leaves behind her very special playmates, Matt and Melissa McCloskey, Eddie Figiela, Noah and Lucas Kowal Figiela, and special friends, Carleigh and Reid Davis.
The funeral will be Monday, May 3, at 9:15 a.m. in the Mitchell Funeral Home, 15 Park Street, Easthampton, Mass. followed by a Mass of Christian Burial at 10 a.m. in the Sacred Heart Church. Burial will be in St. Stanislaus Cemetery, Easthampton. Friends may call at the funeral home Sunday 2 to 4 p.m. and 7 to 9.
Gifts in her memory may be made to the St. Mathews Building Fund, 111 Tolland Green, Tolland, CT 06084
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text:
Home > ETDS > Doctoral Dissertations > 2074
Uncovering the Neural and Behavioral Factors That Underlie Changes in Processing Visual Orientation
Patrick SadilFollow
Author ORCID Identifier
Open Access Dissertation
Year Degree Awarded
Month Degree Awarded
Rosemary A. Cowell
David E. Huber
Michael A. Cohen
Fourth Advisor
Erik G. Learned-Miller
Cognition and Perception | Cognitive Psychology | Experimental Analysis of Behavior | Quantitative Psychology
From moment to moment, the visual environment appears stable; despite prolonged scrutiny, the edge of a desk is not perceived to change. But this apparent stability emerges from perceptual and decisional systems that undergo continuous modulation. In two chapters, I focus on two different kinds of modulation to the processing of visual orientation (i.e., the tilt of an edge). In both chapters, the form of modulation is latent, obscured by standard analyses. To detect those latent changes in perceptual decisions, I develop in this dissertation new statistical tools, at both behavioral and neural levels.
In the first chapter, I consider modulations to behavior in an orientation judgment task. Viewing and responding to an orientation causes systematic errors in subsequent responses (Fischer & Whitney, 2014; Gibson & Radner, 1937): the orientation reported on one trial can appear to be biased either toward (attracted to) or away (repelled) from recent orientations. I performed a meta-analysis of the literature on attractive biases, finding a wide variety of effect sizes, with no experimental variable clearly explaining this variation. I show that this variation likely arises from a mixture of attraction to the last response and repulsion from the last stimulus; both forces affect every response, and for any experiment the relative mixture can result in on-average behavior that is only repulsive, only attractive, or neither. I developed two complementary techniques for disentangling this mixture and demonstrate their effectiveness as applied to both a new experiment and previously published experiments.
In the second chapter, I developed a technique for identifying how orientation "tuning" functions change with experimental manipulations (e.g., high/low contrast). These tuning functions and their modulation have been observed with single-cell electrophysiology in animals, but there are no non-invasive methods for identifying them in humans. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, individual voxels exhibit tuning despite arising from the combined responses of hundreds of thousands of neurons. My technique models the distribution of neurons contributing to each voxel and uses model comparison to identify the most likely form of neuromodulation. I validated this technique with a new neuroimaging experiment.
https://doi.org/10.7275/8cps-gb58
Sadil, Patrick, "Uncovering the Neural and Behavioral Factors That Underlie Changes in Processing Visual Orientation" (2020). Doctoral Dissertations. 2074.
https://doi.org/10.7275/8cps-gb58 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/2074
Cognition and Perception Commons, Cognitive Psychology Commons, Experimental Analysis of Behavior Commons, Quantitative Psychology Commons
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text:
Q: To execute original window and new tab simultaneously Would it possible execute original window and new window(or new tab) simultaneously?
I use python + selenium to scrappy web

*

*First , scrappy page for keywords

*Second , direct to detail page by webdriver.get(url) when keyword matched.

*Third , Click button inside detail page
I have written down python code for step1~3 and it works fine now, but now in step2 I need to open one more new window (or new tab) which can do webdriver.get(url2)
In step2 has two jobs

*

*One is Webdriver.get(url) then do something.

*Another is Webdriver.get(url2) then do something.
Would it possible works simultaneously?
I Know how to open new tab.
Please help me for how to execute two windows simultaneously.
Thank you very much

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Christoph Schlingensief
WALTHER KöNIG, KöLN
Pbk, 7.5 x 10 in. / 544 pgs / illustrated throughout. | 4/30/2014 | In stock
Christoph Schlingensief: Operndorf Afrika
Pbk, 9 x 12 in. / 300 pgs / 220 color / 80 bw. | 3/2/2021 | In stock
Published by Spector Books.
Edited with text by Aino Laberenz. Text by Francis Kéré, Christoph Schlingensief, Elfriede Jelinek, et al.
Operndorf Afrika was founded in Burkina Faso by the German artist and theater director Christoph Schlingensief (1960–2010) in 2010; ten years later, it has become a vibrant organization. This volume provides a history of the project.
Paperback, 9 x 12 in. / 300 pgs / 220 color / 80 bw.
Pub Date 3/2/2021
Published by Walther König, Köln.
Edited by Klaus Biesenbach, Anna-Catharina Gebbers, Aino Laberenz, Susanne Pfeffer. Contributions by Klaus Biesenbach, Chris Dercon, Anna-Catherina Gebbers, Jörg van der Horst, Elfriede Jelinek, Laurence Kardish, Alexander Kluge, Aino Laberenz, Susanne Pfeffer, Christoph Schlingensief, Franziska Schößler, Tilda Swinton.
Christoph Schlingensief (1960-2010) was a German film and theatre director, actor, artist and author. Starting as an independent underground filmmaker, Schlingensief later began staging productions for theatres and festivals, which often were accompanied by public controversies. Edited by his friends and associates Klaus Biesenbach, Anna-Catharina Gebbers, Aino Laberenz and Susanne Pfeffer, Christoph Schlingensief is an overview of the artist's works that includes over 500 pages of photographs from Schlingensief's films, plays and projects. In the preface the publication, the editors write: "Just how far ahead of his time Christoph Schlingensief was with regard to artistic, political and social themes and subjects is evident only in retrospect ... He still challenges and overwhelms viewers with his overflowing images, his deliberate confusion of fact and imagination, and the sociopolitical volatility of the issues he tackles."
Paperback, 7.5 x 10 in. / 544 pgs / illustrated throughout.
Catalog: FALL 2014 p. 122
ISBN 9783863354954 TRADE


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Deeper Than The Dead – Tami Hoag – Use discretion!
Cons: Use your discretion! Some silliness regarding the time period.
Gotta give Tami Hoag credit. She tried something "different" with Deeper Than The Dead. Writing a book in the murder mystery/thriller genre, but setting it in the 80's so that modern-day forensic tools and technologies don't exist was a pretty nifty idea. Did it work out? Somewhat.
It's the 80's in a small town, and life is good. Until the day when four fifth-graders stumbled upon a partially-buried dead body. From the condition of the body it was very clear that the woman was tortured – brutalized, really – prior to her death. Police are called in, and a little research eventually reveals that there were other deaths in the past with the same pattern. There's a serial killer on the loose.
It's the 80's. The forensic tool of "profiling" is in its infancy. Most of the small-town cops see the concept as nothing more than "guess work". As for as they're concerned, it's a bunch of hokum. But FBI agent Vince Leone is a pioneer in the field. Reluctantly, the investigators turn to him for help.
Vince does his thing – coming up with a general profile for their probable killer. Meanwhile, the four children are traumatized and dealing with their own issues – both at home and at school. And their teacher Miss Navarre is beside herself trying to figure out how to help them cope. Especially as the body count starts to rise.
There you have it – the general premise. A serial killer on the loose, while a town is terrorized.
The first thing I wondered, when I found out that Ms. Hoag set the story in the 80's was – how is that any different than just picking up a book that was actually written in the 80's? Well, here's how: Ms. Hoag never lets us forget that the book was written in the present day. Her characters are far more prescient than folks really were, back then. For instance, when reading a book written in the 80's, the characters don't talk about how "Someday there will be machines that will hold all of the fingerprints in a file, and matches will be done automatically in minutes, instead of us having to look at them to match them". Or, "Someday each of us will have a computer on our desk, and those computers will be able to communicate with each other, but for now, we have to write stuff down and use the photocopy machine to share information" or "Someday, we'll be able to use DNA matching to determine who left that piece of skin behind, but for now, we'll collect it, but not know what to do with it". Ok, these are not actual direct quotes from the book, but that was the sentiment. The folks in Deeper Than The Dead spent a lot of time wistfully thinking about how great forensic tools will be in the future, with dead-on accuracy.
Did this help make the book interesting, or make it seem a bit like a parody? A bit of both. It was interesting to remember how old-fashioned police work was done. Hitting the pavement, putting in the hours, following the clues. No short-cuts. No cell phones, Internet, email, or national crime databases to help you out. But the characters discussing the wonderful future world that will someday exist – that was just silly. Folks in the 80's just didn't talk like that. I know. I was there.
Beyond this, the story is your basic serial killer story, with some very disturbing violence and torture. While we are spared from reading the details as they happen, we understand the aftermath. And the level of torture these women went through is – believe me – brutal. Some of the worst I've read. Use discretion before deciding to read this book!
Along the same vein, there is a LOT of child abuse in this book. In many different forms. Again, use discretion.
Beyond the cautions, Deeper Than The Dead is a decent serial killer novel, with some nice surprises along the way. Many possible suspects to keep you guessing. And, yes, the seems-to-be-obligatory romance tossed in. 3 stars, and a non-recommendation.


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Field Note
Lydia Young '21: SUNY Morrisville student tackles dairy sustainability
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Olivia Godber (NMSP PostDoc), Lydia Young and Agustin Olivo (Ph.D. student).
By Nicole Rossi
On December 17th, 2021, Lydia Young graduated from SUNY Morrisville with a focus on dairy management and agricultural mechanics. Throughout the summer and fall semester of 2021, Young participated in an internship program with the Nutrient Management Spear Program's (NMSP) Dairy Sustainability Key Indicators Project. We sat down with Young to learn about her experiences.
Lydia grew up on her family's dairy farm, Whey Street Dairy, in Cuyler NY.
In her spare time, Lydia enjoys working on her family's farm and flying planes. She's on a mission to get her pilot certificate!
Lydia plans on getting a job in the ag industry, working on a farm. She eventually wants to return to her home farm and become a partner, managing the crop production and mechanical operations.
Lydia Young and Agustin Olivo (NMSP Ph.D.) inspecting cover crops on a case study farm for the Dairy Sustainability Project. Photo by Nicole Rossi.
What attracted you to this internship experience?
I first heard about this internship opportunity from my father. He oversees all the operations of Whey Street Dairy and has worked with the NMSP for many years on past projects. I am very passionate about the agriculture industry and have witnessed all of the hard work my parents have put into our farm. I thought this internship was an excellent opportunity as it is like nothing I have ever done before.
How was the focus of your internship?
I collected and input field and animal data from the past 20 years of farm management into Comet Farm for one of the case study farms in the Dairy Sustainability Key Indicators Project. This tool is an emission assessment tool created by Colorado State University and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The tool calculates total emissions from both the crop and animal side of the operation. From these numbers I was able to calculate the total carbon emission from this case study farm for a year. I also worked on a biodiversity survey and worked with the Cool Farm Tool, from the Cool Farm Alliance from the UK. This tool is another tool used to estimate the carbon footprint of farms.
Ashley Marshall (dairy science professor at SUNY Morrisville), Olivia Godber (NMSP PostDoc), Lydia Young, Agustin Olivo (NMSP Ph.D.) and Quirine Ketterings (professor and director of the NMSP in Cornell CALS Animal Science).
Then NMSP team visited Lydia at SUNY Morrisville to watch her internship presentation.
What are some things you learned that will help benefit your future career?
I learned that small changes in your practices can change make a difference in the overall balance of emissions on a farm. It's also critical to keep accurate, detailed records of what was done on each farm in order to track improvements.
What do you want the public to know about this field of work?
Work from the Dairy Sustainability Key Indicators project is critical to help correct the myth that agriculture is the leading cause of carbon emissions. In the 2019 study on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the United States Environmental Protection Agency reported that Agriculture is responsible for 10% of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, with transportation, electricity, Industry and Commercial & Residential being responsible for more emissions.
What gives you hope for the future of agriculture?
There are a lot of smart, innovative people working in this ever-changing and growing Industry. The technology available to us today will only continue to grow and change and give us producers more ability to produce feed with fewer inputs. There will always be a need for people who produce high-quality food.
Intern with us!
Join Cornell's Nutrient Management Spear Program and participate in the development of sustainability key performance indicators for the dairy industry of New York State.
Questions? Reach out to Quirine Ketterings
NMSP team inspecting cover crops at a case study farm. Photo by Nicole Rossi.
Aphid 'honeydew' may promote bacteria that kill them
The word 'honeydew' sounds benign, but the sugary waste product of aphids can promote growth of bacteria that are highly virulent to the pests, according to a new study.
Diane Bailey, the Geri Gay Professor of Communication, has begun a three-year term as director of the Cornell Institute for Digital Agriculture (CIDA). She plans to maintain current programming while improving outreach to the Global South, to...
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All My Children's Susan Lucci Inspires Art Exhibit At Benjamin Benjamin Gallery
Never ending story.
There are several TV specials and fan events commemorating the network end of All My Children before it heads online. Now, artists in Portland, Oregon have put together their own tribute to the ABC soap opera's most iconic figure Susan Lucci (Erica Kane).
From September 15 – October 1, The Benjamin Benjamin Art Gallery, at 720 NW Lovejoy, will feature works from artists who have "captured the ageless television goddess" in the exhibit The Never Ending Story, Art Inspired by Susan Lucci. The artists will include Johnny Acurso, Roxanne Patruznick, Amanda Lynn, Jackie Avery, Myah Bailey and Andrew Constantine. For more information go to the Benjamin Benjamin Art Gallery.
Join us on Twitter @soapoperafan, and Facebook. Come tweet and Facebook with us about "All My Children," all the other soap operas, "Glee," "Grey's Anatomy" and "Vampire Diaries!"
All My Children Alum Mary Fickett...
Sarah Michelle Gellar Returning To...


NOTE: This position will require the incumbent to work in both the Same Day Response and Telephone Intake functions based on a schedule prepared by the Supervisor. The Role will start off as a SDR position for a few months.
The Telephone Intake Worker responds to and assesses all referrals and/or requests for service to determine the immediacy and nature of intervention required as per CFSA, Revised Ministry Standards, Child Abuse Standards and Differential Response Model.
This responsibility is performed through appropriate consultation with supervisors and supervisory review of incident reports and files designated to be be brief serviced, closed and assigned for investigation or assessment as required. The incumbent is also required to complete accurate and timely data entry in our in-house software.
The SDR/T.I. child protection worker is expected to work flexible hours according to program needs. Schedules are developed on a monthly basis. Members of the team are expected to work the 11:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m. shift on an average of four to five times per month.
Superior verbal and written communication skills in English and French are required.


A live chat is one of the several methods of communication supplied by some website hosting suppliers as a part of their support services. Determined by the supplier, the chat can be used for pre-sales, billing and/or technical support. This method of contact is faster than a support ticket and it will make it much less likely to misunderstand or misspell anything compared to a call with a representative. Furthermore, when the trouble that you have requires some time to be investigated and dealt with, you'll be able to do something else in the meantime rather than just waiting, like you'd have to do if you call. Also, you can employ a live chat assistance service without charge as long as you have world wide web access even when your web hosting provider is situated in another country and they do not have a local telephone number that you can call.
We supply a live chat support service for all cloud plans that we offer and we are able to support you with almost everything in real time. If you don't have an account with us yet, we'll be able to give you more info about the packages to help you to pick the most appropriate package. In case you are an existing client, we are able to help you with any general or billing matter as well as with numerous common technical problems, for instance an e-mail address installation in a desktop e-mail client. When you can't call us for whatever reason or you are in a country where we do not have a local phone number, our live chat is the best way to get in touch with us. Needless to say, some problems require more time to examine and test, therefore you will have to open a ticket to our technicians, however, we will save you time and help you with quite a lot of issues on the chat.
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We all grow up with a precise understanding that we need to take our vitamins and supplements to stay strong. We're told to take vitamin C to help our immune systems, and to take iron and vitamin B to keep our energy levels high during the day. However, most of us do not become aware of magnesium chloride benefits until we are much older.
Taking magnesium chloride for health reasons seems to be a no-brainer when you consider just how many health benefits it holds. Magnesium chloride can be found in many common foods such as spinach, almonds, and dark chocolate.
Magnesium is considered a nutritional micromineral that the body requires to stay healthy. Magnesium chloride benefits many processes of the body and plays a crucial part in ensuring the body runs smoothly. It systematically regulates muscle and nerve activity, keeps the blood sugar levels balanced, and helps to prevent high blood pressure.
To receive the full magnesium chloride benefits, it is recommended that the average woman intake between 310 and 320 milligrams a day. The average male should have between 400 and 420 milligrams a day.
If you aren't getting the recommended milligrams every day, it doesn't necessarily mean that you are not receiving magnesium chloride benefits at all. When the average person is only taking in small amounts, the kidneys will instinctively step in and help to retain traces of magnesium. They achieve this by limiting the amount that is typically lost in urine.
A person who consistently has low magnesium levels throughout their lives over an extended period, however, is prone to magnesium deficiency. A body that is magnesium deficient will often fall victim to ailments like high blood pressure and heart disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and migraine headaches.
Magnesium is an essential component for bone formation. It helps the calcium absorb into the bone and plays a crucial part in stimulating vitamin D within the kidneys. We know that vitamin D is basically the number one contender to support healthy bones. However, magnesium intake is the key component to achieving greater bone density, improving the crystal formation within the bone, and lowering the threat of osteoporosis in women.
Using magnesium chloride for health benefits can be achieved by eating everyday foods rather than taking supplements and vitamins. One of the most apparent foods rich in magnesium are dark, leafy greens. The chlorophyll molecule held in the leafy vegetables is what encompasses the magnesium. For optimal amounts of magnesium chloride benefits, stick to dark green vegetables such as spinach, swiss chard, and okra.
If vegetables aren't really your thing and meat is more your speed, try fish instead. Fish, specifically halibut, is unusually high in magnesium chloride. Fish provides about 20 percent of the recommended dietary allowance of magnesium. Halibut contains about 90 milligrams of magnesium per the 3-oz. serving size.
Grains are very high in magnesium. To get the full magnesium chloride benefits, try sticking to unrefined and unprocessed grains. Products such as shredded wheat and brown rice provide great magnesium resources. Oat bran contains the highest levels, at 96 milligrams per 1/2-cup serving size.
Nuts can also be a good source of magnesium chloride for your diet. The best nuts that provide the highest amounts of magnesium are almonds, hazelnuts, and peanuts. The magnesium content in nuts is measured by the ounce. In their rawest form, almonds contain 78 milligrams per ounce, peanuts contain 48 milligrams per ounce, and hazelnuts contain 46 mg per ounce.
Utilizing magnesium and magnesium chloride for health reasons is a huge benefit when taking into account how many parts of the body it is vital to. Magnesium is crucial to the proper functionality of hundreds of enzymes. It can help to reduce premenstrual symptoms in women. A decent amount of magnesium intake can help to prevent bone problems, cardiovascular system complications, and diabetes.
Magnesium may also be used as an antacid, as it performs in conjunction with the stomach acid to increase gastric pH. The addition creates the relief of indigestion and heartburn. The benefits that come along with this micromineral are genuinely endless.