Wishlist Monitoring provides utility functions for store owner and customer. A lot of people add products to wishlist, however, after that, even they can't remember websites they visited, and they also forget what products they want. This reason makes everything go down. To avoid that, an email notification is needed to remind customer and easy to remember later . The customer don't need to use their brain to keep what they do, they can view products in their wishlist by email.
Magento 2 lacks of some reports to show customer wishlist information to store owner. Base on collected data, the store owner can make business decision more exactly, this extension shows data about customer wishlist by charts and table. This extension is full configuration. All functions are able to change on configuration page.
Send email: When customer add product to wishlist, an email contains product information will be sent to customer's email address. Content of email base on available template.
Change email template: User can create or modify email template, then user can select template in configuration section.
Change size of product image wich shows on the notification email.
Change number of items which show on chart.
Support 5 types of chart: column, line, bar, area, pie.
There are frontend & backend demo version, you can see notification log and reports in backend.


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Pick This Russian Brides In Place Of That Long Tail Russian Wife
13 Valentines Day Date Ideas In Higher Cleveland
The Three Main Elements Used in the Production of Brazilian Brides
Alternatively, you can trust the list where the best mail order bride sites are already indicated that we have prepared for you according to our researches. There is their rating below – we take into account reliability, legality, reputation, and the convenience of the service.
Be honest and sincere, again, and add a pinch of wit. Aside from everything that was and will be described, the most special thing is that you have lots of chances to get a beautiful Slavic bride if you're a good person. There are so many stereotypes related to men that brides' heads are sometimes working as if behind the veneer of false statements. So if you meet a female friend somewhere and happen to exchange pleasantries or a couple of jokes, don't get confused or mad if your Russian bride gets all jealous. Let brides know you wouldn't hurt them like that. Russian women are amazing brides and caring wives, so rest assured that you will not be disappointed when choosing one as your love.
So you are sure to find here an interesting and smart partner who shares your views on life.
The search is very detailed and thorough to ensure you'll get the closest results to those you were dreaming of.
However, those occasions can often happen as well as be prepared for clumsy times.
The premium client gets access to incognito mode and other special functions, which increases its chances. The disadvantage is that the cost of a monthly subscription is quite high. As practice shows, online dating whit mail order brides are often the beginning https://wowrussianbrides.com/beautiful-russian-brides/ of an ideal relationship and a happy family. Therefore, companies are great for both searching for mail order girlfriends for flirting, and for finding a bride who will become a wife. Mail order brides are trustworthy alone ladies, who are looking for love.
What Kind Of Women Usually Register At Russian Brides Sites?
And hopefully, in the end, you will see her in a beautiful white dress, becoming your only one! Get rid of doubts and understand that people who are capable of love will find Russian brides even thousands of miles away. Look for Russian women for dating by searching for the best match. Expect women to write to you too, so don't think you'll be left without attention. Again, because of the past that the country has , almost every woman in the Russian Federation is considered conservative. There will be no totalitarianism in your family, don't be afraid. Gorgeous Russian brides are very open-minded and open-hearted, and they plan on creating their own family priorities, which are far from all the bad sides of conservatism.
How Does Serving Time Affect Peoples Financial Situations
Russianbrides offer a range of features, some of which are for free, but the majority of which you will need to pay for. High-quality profiles of Russian girls with beautiful photos and detailed information.
Our services are strictly for persons 18 or more years old. No, it's more likely to make the cut for a Bollywood musical in which an aristocratic girl is married against her will and eventually dies in childbirth. Yup, you can probably tell that Maria, pictured smack in the center in vestal white, is none too thrilled about her upcoming nuptials.
Some of them ask for your email address only to send model quality photos followed by a pitch for money. Do not be fooled by the fake reviews that show up on an internet search. The attitudes of many women in Russia and Ukraine have changed massively in the last few years, and sadly becoming much more westernized.
Russian Brides…A Good Present For Friends
It helps greatly prevent further cases of Russian dating sites scams. By the way, some are free and even not included in your overall Russian mail order wife cost. For example, search and profile browsing are chargeless. Moreover, there are often bonus packages that allow trying lots of a website's features, including communication tools. For example, Moscow is famously the most expensive city in Russia, so a 14-day stay there will cost you as much or even more than a trip to any other European capital. At the same time, a trip to a smaller Russian city probably won't break your bank.
They function in agreement with the policy of mailing fiancees, which was previously widespread within the nineteenth century. Females put their user accounts upon the portal, a man signs up there, as well, and begin communicating with Russian ladies, as well as text them. Cease reliving the past recollections and occasions questioning if small things are the reason for why she's not thinking about going out with you anymore. We will let you know for certain it's not because you didn't say the suitable thing, or didn't respond the proper way. It's truly a handful of issues like your power, chemistry, attraction, etc russian wives. Let's face it, there's not likely something you might have performed to save yourself in any state of affairs along with her.
There are many top-rated and legit mail order brides that offer to view photos of women. These brides are from around the globe and look for love online. However, if you prefer a certain nationality, you can try dating sites that are based on helping men to find women from specific parts of the world. On dating sites, you can meet girls who are in search of a partner overseas.
You know the family, friends, and colleagues of your partner. Being introduced to all the people in the life of your couple means a lot. You are trusted to the extent of becoming a family member. Four years earlier, Lena had a daughter named Anna, who was kidnapped.
Finding Russian Wife
Perhaps the saddest aspect of the Lykovs' strange story was the rapidity with which the family went into decline after they re-established contact with the outside world. In the fall of 1981, three of the four children followed their mother to the grave within a few days of one another. According to Peskov, their deaths were not, as might have been expected, the result of exposure to diseases to which they had no immunity. Both Savin and Natalia suffered from kidney failure, most likely a result of their harsh diet.
When Mr Tait has completed six months teaching at Ipswich Academy, the couple can apply for a spouse visa, but it may be the middle of summer discover here before the family are back together again. So Mangiante is pushing back, trying to clarify some of the disputed details of her background.
In her diary, Nicholas's sister Olga wrote, "I am sure it was Seraphim who brought it about." Nicholas wrote to Militza to "pass on our gratitude and joy … to Philippe." Alexandra had a difficult relationship with her mother-in-law, Marie Feodorovna. Unlike other European courts of the day, Russian protocol gave the Dowager Empress seniority in rank to the Empress. At royal balls, Marie entered on her son's arm and Alexandra followed on the arm of one of the grand dukes. Marie was so accustomed to the tradition that she was surprised when Alexandra was bitter about her junior role at court. The crown jewels were the property of the current Empress, but Marie refused to relinquish them to Alexandra.
She got through each day by breaking it into survivable increments. "Right now, I'm doing this, and then I will do that, and after that—something else," she said of her mindset then.
If you're a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your partner will need to apply for family reunion on GOV.UK.
In 27 confinements she gave birth to 16 pairs of twins, seven sets of triplets and four sets of quadruplets.
There were rumors that there was not enough food for everyone, so the crowd rushed towards the gift tables.
They are thinking that they can date any Russian woman only because she is desperate to leave her home country.
There are myths concerning the knowledge of Russian individuals.
She invited Alix and her surviving siblings to England for their holidays, and they grew close to their British cousins. Every birthday and Christmas, she sent Alix gifts of dresses, jewelry, lace, and dolls. Unlike her other siblings, Alix signed herself "your loving and grateful child," rather than grandchild, in her letters. Vladimir Putin came of age—and into the KGB—during the Brezhnev era, and the militant secrecy in which he swaddles his family is a clear echo of that time. Even before he announced his divorce from Lyudmila in 2013, Putin was, essentially, alone on the throne.
Russian Billionaires Superyacht Given To Former Wife In Divorce Case
To save face, the court physicians published a bulletin on 21 August claiming that Alexandra had "a straightforward miscarriage, without any complications." Humiliated, Alexandra sent Philippe to France. Alexandra and Nicholas turned to the occult in hopes of having a son. Shortly after Anastasia's birth, Grand Duchess Militza Nikolaevna introduced Alexandra to a mystic named Philippe Nizier-Vachot.
Politics Latest News: Boris Johnson Will Not Resign, Says Minister As Pressure Grows Over Downing Street Party Email
I went with a company called Anastasia International, which is no grimy basement operation, but a huge company with a projected revenue last year of $140m (£84m). It has thousands of women in Ukraine and across the world on its books, available for chats and in-person meetings with lonely bachelors across the world looking for a wife. Several published sources raised doubts as to the veracity of these claims.
A Startling Fact about Russian Bride Of The Year Uncovered
His words are not lightly spoken and the importance of having not only his prayers but his advice is great." Alexandra felt immense guilt that she had passed down the disease to her son. In the end of 1901, Alexandra seemed to have become pregnant again, and Philippe swore that she was carrying a boy. By the summer of 1902, it was clear that the Empress was not pregnant. On August 19, 1902, she had suffered a discharge of "a spherical, fleshy mass the size of a walnut", which Dr. Ott confirmed was a dead fertilized egg in the fourth week of gestation.
Much of the so-called evidence against Cawthorn is based on a mix of assumptions and half-truths. For instance, while a tourist visa is generally required to travel to Russia, as some said, there is a ferry that allows people to travel from Sweden to Russia without one.
Rude or colloquial translations are usually marked in red or orange. If you are some of those men who want to find the ideal Russian better half, then it is the right content for you. The culture in Russian federation is different out of ours therefore it is important that you understand the best way to approach Russian women. In addition , there are certain factors that you need to know just before getting married into a Russian girl.
During the purges of the 1930s, with Christianity itself under assault, a Communist patrol had shot Lykov's brother on the outskirts of their village while Lykov knelt working beside him. He had responded by scooping up his family and bolting into forest. The mountain was more than 150 miles from the nearest settlement, in a spot that had never been explored. The Soviet authorities had no records of anyone living in the district. "I don't feel like a mature woman, like a woman who has to do stuff around the house etc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Model Mercedes-Benz C63 AMG penultimate generation – not the most nimble representative of range, but its 6.2-liter eight-cylinder engine for a long time will remain in the top most "pump" copies of the brand Mercedes. Standard C63 AMG in the original equipment is a ready-to-tuning supercar with huge potential. One of the best companies that can realize this potential is considered to be Weistec Engineering Workshop.
Over the past ten years, a huge number of Mercedes-Benz models mercilessly subjected to tuning and weight of a wide variety of versions. Despite this, the fact remains that the top model Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren almost did not get a sight of the tuning companies, probably because of its progressiveness. Anyway, Hamann studio yet dared to make a couple of successful upgrades, naming the resulting company set Volcano.
Young Italian Company Ares Performance, the main office of which is located in Modena, presented its program of post-sales SUV refinement Mercedes-Benz G63 AMG. The car has received mostly cosmetic upgrade, becoming the look even more brutal and exclusive. The tuning package includes a set of exterior and interior styling, new wheels and some extra accessories. There is no information yet about technical completions of the car.
For those customers who do not need to be insanely powerful car, but still want to have a truly exclusive model, the German studio Brabus offers a modified Mercedes S500 Coupe 4MATIC. For 178,780 euros, namely as many Germans appreciated this version, the buyer will receive a luxury coupe basically only with only cosmetic modifications. In terms of design, this version is very similar to Brabus 850, based on the base S63 AMG 4MATIC and it looks it is no less aggressive, at least, thanks to the matt black body.
Company Carlex Design works not only with the modern cars, but also with the machines, which for several decades. Recently tuners helped to return to the perfect state of the interior of a luxury SUV Mercedes-Benz G-Class (G463) in 1990. The owner wanted to keep the original look of your car, so tuners used in the material is very similar to the one that can be found in the most expensive Mercedes models of 8th0 – 90th release. Particular attention was paid to the smallest detail, with the result that the German SUV looks great, despite her advanced age.
Mercedes-Benz Company has officially unveiled a new "charged" coupe C-Class – version of the C63 AMG Coupe and its more powerful S-version. The car is very different from the previous generation, and it applies to absolutely everything, including its design and technical stuffing. It is worth noting that most changed the name modification, and now it is called so – Mercedes-AMG C 63. The debut of new items will be held in mid-September at the Frankfurt Motor Show, and then have to wait another six months before it enters into dealer showrooms.


Aside from your stick, your skates are the most important piece of equipment you need to take the ice. Follow our tips to get the perfect fit.
Consider your skate as part of your foot, which is why finding the right fit for your skate is imperative to ensure you stay at the top of your game. Not only will an ill-fitting skate affect your performance, it could cause discomfort, blisters and even injury.
Skate fit depends on your age, level of play, position and overall preference of feel. Forwards may prefer a lighter, low-profile skate built for maximum speed and agility, while defensemen may want a sturdier and more balanced skate that offers greater protection while blocking shots.
BENEFITS: Ultra-narrow, low-volume fit locks in the heel to maximize speed, agility and control, which helps you "turn on a dime" and accelerate faster.
BENEFITS: Close-to-the-foot fit throughout the boot locks in the heel and contours the ankle, helping players achieve a fuller, more powerful stride without sacrificing control and comfort.
BENEFITS: A deeper heel pocket with a wider and softer profile wraps around the athlete's foot to offer a lightweight, comfortable feel that helps produce a more natural glide.
Once you have selected your brand and model, reference the size charts below based on your regular shoe size to select the right hockey skate size.
Most popular skate brands are designed to fit 1 to 1.5 sizes smaller than your regular shoes. Most female hockey players will find themselves buying junior or men's ice hockey skates. When doing so, make sure to keep in mind that there is roughly a 3-size difference between a women's shoe size and junior or men's skates.
While wearing skate socks that you would normally wear in a game or practice, rest your foot flat on the footbed of the skate and lace them up. Your skate should feel snug and your toes should barely touch the toe cap. There should be no more than a quarter-inch space in the heel region (half an inch for young, growing children).
Next, lean forward while in your skate. Your toes should no longer touch the toe cap and the heel should be snuggly locked into place without any excess movement.
Lastly, be sure to give your skate a chance to "break in". Because of new skates' rigidity, it is normal for your feet to be a bit sore after using them for the first time.
Use these size charts as a guide. Sizes may vary slightly by brand. Click on image to enlarge.


US inquest shows star of Brokeback Mountain died after mixing medication.
Ledger's family returned to Australia from the US this week and are planning a private funeral service for the actor.
The actor is best known for playing a gay cowboy in the western film Brokeback Mountain, a performance that earned him an Oscar nomination in 2006.
News Ltd newspapers reported that Ledger's former girlfriend, Michelle Williams, and their daughter, Matilda, arrived in Perth on Wednesday for the ceremony.
In a statement released on Wednesday, Kim Ledger said the toxicology results should "put an end to speculation" about his son's cause of death.
"While no medications were taken in excess, we learned today the combination of doctor-prescribed drugs proved lethal for our boy," he said.
Following Ledger's death, Kevin Rudd, the Australian prime minister, said his death was a tragic loss of "one of our nation's finest actors in the prime of his life".


Use a variety of items to help little fruit avoid acid rain.
A little fruit is lost somewhere and doesn't know where to go,things worse is,there's going to be an acid rain which could ruin all the fruits in its path,there's no where to hide except some items left there. You have to help the little fruit to avoid the acid rain with these items. If the acid rain doesn't drop onto fruit,everything is ok.
Note: In each level,the quantity of items are limited and the delivery order is fixed. please use them reasonable.


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My Contributions to Lean
February 21, 2018 by Bob Emiliani
Below is a summary of my significant original contributions to the body of Lean knowledge as author or co-author. My primary focus has been Lean leadership and Lean management, as well as Lean in higher education, Lean in supply chain management, and the history of progressive management. It includes the best book ever written on Lean transformation and the most thorough and detailed analysis ever written on why most leaders reject Lean management. These contributions are written from a perspective unlike any other author, informed by my work as a Lean practitioner, professor of Lean management, executive trainer, and long-time student of TPS and Lean. Click here to view my curriculum vitae.
Books (n = 21)
Irrational Institutions: Business, Its Leaders, and The Lean Movement
The Triumph of Classical Management Over Lean Management: How Tradition Prevails and What to Do About It
Conversations with Taiichi Ohno: Management Insights for the Digital Age
Critique of Lean: Pathway to Improvement
Speed Leadership: A Better Way To Lead In Rapidly Changing Times
Shingijutsu-Kaizen: The Art of Discovery and Learning
Lean Is Not Mean: 68 Practical Lessons in Lean Leadership
Lean University: A Guide to Renewal and Prosperity
Lean Teaching: A Guide to Becoming a Better Teacher
Kaizen Forever: Teachings of Chihiro Nakao
Moving Forward Faster: The Mental Evolution from Fake Lean to REAL Lean
REAL LEAN: Unsolved Problems in Lean Management, Volume 6
REAL LEAN: Strategies for Lean Management Success, Volume 5
Principles of Mass and Flow Production: Special 55th Anniversary Reprint Edition
REAL LEAN: Learning the Craft of Lean Management, Volume 4
REAL LEAN: The Keys to Sustaining Lean Management, Volume 3
Practical Lean Leadership: A Strategic Leadership Guide for Executives
REAL LEAN: Critical Issues and Opportunities in Lean Management, Volume 2
REAL LEAN: Understanding the Lean Management System, Volume 1
Better Thinking, Better Results: Case Study and Analysis of an Enterprise-Wide Lean Transformation
Book Chapter (n = 1)
"Ohno's Insights on Human Nature" in Taiichi Ohno's Workplace Management: Special 100th Birthday Edition
Peer-Reviewed Research Papers (n = 25)
"Engaging Faculty in Lean Teaching," International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015
"Henry Gantt: Lean Before There Was Lean," Lean Management Journal, Volume 4, Issue 7, September 2014, pp. 12-13
"Music as a Framework to Better Understand Lean Leadership," Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, Vol. 34, Issue 5, 2013, pp. 407-426
"Lean and the HMRC," Management Services: Journal of the Institute of Management Services, Vol. 55, No. 4, Winter 2011, pp. 13-15
"The History of Flow," Lean Management Journal, September-October 2011, pp. 28-31
"Frank George Woollard: Forgotten Pioneer of Flow Production," Journal of Management History, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2011, pp. 66-87
"Standardized Work for Executive Leadership," Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2008, pp. 24-46
"Improving Management Education," Quality Assurance in Education, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2006, pp. 363-384
"Origins of Lean Management in America: The Role of Connecticut Businesses," Journal of Management History, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2006, pp. 167-184
"Leaders Lost in Transformation," Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, Vol. 26, No. 5, 2005, pp. 370-387
"Using Kaizen to Improve Graduate Business School Degree Programs," Quality Assurance in Education, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2005, pp. 37-52
"Using Value Stream Maps to Improve Leadership," Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, Vol. 25, No. 8, 2004, pp. 622-645
"Improving Business School Courses by Applying Lean Principles and Practices," Quality Assurance in Education, Vol. 12, No. 4, 2004, pp. 175-187
"Is Management Education Beneficial to Society?," Management Decision, Vol. 42, No. 3/4, 2004, pp. 481-498
"Linking Leaders' Beliefs to Their Behaviors and Competencies," Management Decision, Vol. 41, No. 9, 2003, pp. 893-910
"A Mathematical Logic Approach to the Shareholder vs. Stakeholder Debate," Management Decision, Vol. 39, No. 8, 2001, pp. 618-622
"Redefining the Focus of Investment Analysts," The TQM Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2001, pp. 34-50
"The False Promise of 'What Gets Measured Gets Managed'," Management Decision, Vol. 38, No. 9, 2000, pp. 612-615
"The Oath of Management," Management Decision, Vol. 38, No. 4, 2000, pp. 261-262
"Cracking the Code of Business," Management Decision, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2000, pp. 60-79
"Supporting Small Businesses in their Transition to Lean Production," Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2000, pp. 66-70
"The Making of a Lean Aerospace Supply Chain," Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1999, pp. 135-144
"Lean Behaviors," Management Decision, Vol. 36, No. 9, 1998, pp. 615-631
"Continuous Personal Improvement," Journal of Workplace Learning, Vol. 10, No. 1, 1998, pp. 29-38
Insightful Blog Posts (n = 590+)
Blog Post Archive (2013-2020)
Workshops for Leaders and Corporate Event Speaking
Future of Lean, Speed Leadership, Strategy Improvement, and Lean Behaviors® + Behavioral Waste®
Filed Under: BobEmiliani.com, Continuous Improvement, Kaizen, Lean Leadership, Lean Practices, Lean Principles, Lean Teaching, Lean University, LeanProfessor.com, Real Lean v. Fake Lean, Respect for People Tagged With: Bob Emiliani, Books, Lean leadership, Lean management, Papers
Bill Bryant says
Thank you Bob!
Bill Bryant
Bob Emiliani says
You're welcome. It's been a wonderful 20 year experience of Lean catchball: Daily kaizen, teaching, studying, and writing.
John Dennis says
Such a large body of work and always giving an advanced perspective different from the mainstream universities and training companies are giving — not just repeating what others have said already but really picking out the parts that are most relevant to the world of work in the 21st Century.
Thank you John. I'm glad you recognize my efforts to be an independent voice offering unique perspectives, and focusing on the parts of TPS and Lean that people struggle with the most.
Carlos Faria says
Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge. This is what real mentors do! You are an example for others to follow – a true Leader
Ovidiu Contras says
Bob, outstanding and so much needed contribution – thanks for keeping the Lean community honest!
Thanks Ovi. Keeping the Lean community honest is a necessary but thankless task.
Ruddy Morales says
Thank you very much Bob!
Great contribution to a better world.
BobEmiliani.com
Conventional v. Lean Thinking
Lean Practices
Lean Principles
Lean Teaching
Lean Teaching Q&A
Lean Tools and Methods
Lean University
LeanProfessor.com
Real Lean v. Fake Lean
Shared Learning Resources
Voice of the (Student) Customer


Some excitement, but an unoriginal, repetitive and unnecessary book in the saga.
Bella Swann's days are numbered. The Volturi have made a threat which the Cullen's will have to follow through or face their annihilation. There is also the not so insignificant matter of the vampire Victoria wanting to avenge her mate's death by torturing Bella to death. Not to mention the fact that by changing Bella into one of them, the Cullen's will break a century old truce with the werewolves of the Quileute tribe, one of whom is Bella's best friend Jacob Black.
New Moon had a fantastically gripping conclusion; one that I'm sure left most readers desperately waiting for the next instalment of the saga. Eclipse has so much promise, so many sure-fire story paths that could be filled with excitement from start to finish.
Instead, Eclipse was a big disappointment for me. The story is good and keeps the reader interested, but not gripped. It is not an unputdownable book. So much of the book focuses on the three-wheeled relationship between Bella, Jacob and Edward. The love triangle all starts to get a bit repetitive. The readers see that Bella starts to fall deeper and deeper in love with Jacob, but that love is still nowhere close to the love she feels for Edward. It seems that now they have already trodden the path of the impossible love that became possible, Meyer needed another challenge to give Bella and Edward's relationship. Stephenie Meyer has used another clichéd fate of great lovers in literature, and she knows it and shows it in the book. From a Romeo and Juliet type of forbidden love, the author has transgressed into a Wuthering Heights love triangle.
The story starts with news of a spate of killings in Seattle which seems to be getting worse and worse and the police are blaming it on gang activity. The Cullen's know better. These are the signs of newborn vampires, released on civilisation without a mentor vampire to keep them under check and prevent the unveiling of vampires to the human world.
Instead of mixing some action in with all the long descriptions of the relationships, Meyer leaves all of the action to the last 70-80 pages. The action that the author has put in the book is a bit reminiscent of James hunting down Bella in the first instalment, Twilight.
Eclipse doesn't leave me with a need to read the next book, Breaking Dawn, as the previous two books did. Mild curiosity would be my only reason to read the final book.
Overall I would give Eclipse 5/10. Some excitement, but an unoriginal, repetitive and unnecessary book in the saga.
Last year, when I first read this book and then finished the whole series, I was bloody obsessed with the characters and plot. But then later in the year, I realised, what the hell was I thinking?! The first book was good and I loved New Moon but I hated Eclipse because Bella started to get on my nerves and WELL, Breaking Dawn was just damn disappointing. Will I reread this series? Hmmm maybe. Will I love it like I used to? Never.
Another monotonous book from the Twilight Saga, which bears extreme deplorability, and once again distinctly trivial in literary diposition.


The historic Liberty Head Nickel (1883-1912) set in the handle of this Collector Knife has been layered in 24K Gold to give it the look of a genuine Racketeer Nickel. The wood handle is inset with engraved gold and silver tone accents and faux turquoise stones reminiscent of the Old West. Knife blade is 3 1/8" long. Includes a Certificate of Authenticity.
Everyone including Barber, overlooked an important error in the coin�s design. Nowhere on the nickel did it say that the denomination was five cents. The oversight might not have been of great consequence except that the size and new design were similar to the five-dollar gold piece. This similarity did not escape the attention of at least of few enterprising people who gold plated these nickels and easily passed them for $5 half eagles. In a short time, the practice had become so widespread that mint officials redesigned the coins, adding the word �cents� beneath the Roman number V on the reverse.


A conventional, dressy high-front shoe from Pitillos. 5244 has a Patent Leather toe-cap and heel, smooth Leather side shafts and vamp are interrupted by a distinct Croc-Effect; the design is both interesting and striking. Two small elasticated gussets sit at either side, allowing for ease when entering your foot.
5244 has a 5 cm block heel, this allows for a comfortable height along with added stability. The lightweight PU sole also gives some absorbency and flexibility. The inside of this gorgeous shoe is a velvety textile with a removable inner sole that allows for the standard fit of 5244 to become wider and deeper.


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Stories and Storytellers: What Moved Me in 2015
Posted on December 30, 2015 December 30, 2015 by kaleighwalter
To-date, I've read 31 (and a half) books this year. That may not be a lot for you, but for me, it's quite the achievement. And of these 31.5, many moved me.
While beautiful technical victories of character development and diction and so on, these stories stuck to my memory like static cling because of what the stories provoked in me. And I can't let them go.
So, why am I telling you this? This is not an A+B=C blog post. Instead, as it is the end of the year, a time upon which we reflect, I wanted to share the favorites of my favorites with you. And I'm not going to talk about their brilliant writing techniques—of which there are plenty. Instead, I'm going to tell you why they moved me, in hopes that they might move you too.
I'll Give You the Sun & The Sky is Everywhere by Jandy Nelson
I'm obsessed with these books. Lapped them up like melting ice cream on a hot day. In fact, I actually listened to both of the books while on separate business trips that required me to drive long hours alone. And you know it's a good book when you get to your destination and are sad to leave the car. So, why did I love Nelson's books? While the coming-of-age stories were wonderful, the way in which she tells the stories is exquisite. It's downright stunning. She has a way of writing her teenage characters with such vigor and color and poise that her words changed me. I felt charged with the reckless youth of my former self, and the world around me was a bright opportunity for adventure.
I believe the power of her books consists of more than her ability to write characters with a strong voices or her use of strong dialogue (both of which she's obviously spectacular at doing). After all, I've read books with stellar voice and realistic dialogue before, but I've never had this kind of visceral reaction to a story.
I wanted to stick my head out the car window and scream sweet nothing into the streaming night air, I wanted to sneak out of my own house, meet friends on the merry-go-round and get drunk on cheap rose wine, I wanted to live.
An Untamed State by Roxane Gay & Station Eleven by Emily St. John Mandel
These books are very, very different. The former is a heart-wrenching story of woman's kidnapping, fight for survival, and then fight to find normalcy, and in the latter, our world is struck by a deadly flu that kills 99.9% of the population and how the .01% learns to move forward and start again. But here's why I can't get either of them out of my head, (SPOILER ALERT) neither can move on, not really.
Gay's protagonist experiences…honestly, it's hard to even talk about it. Just know, it's brutal. And her character is not okay. Not by a long shot. Even in the last pages of the book, after fighting for years to regain a sliver of the life she had, the woman she was before she was kidnapped, she (SPOILER) sees her attacker and unravels. The end.
At first, I was angry. I was rooting for her! I cared about her! How could all or her hard work be gone just like that? I was venting to a friend about it one day, a friend who had also read the story, and she just looked at me—and with that look, I was undone. Here's why this story matters: Gay so gracefully, tactfully, and honestly portrayed trauma in a way I have never read or experienced before. I believe she is respectful but true to what so many people go through. And in this world, well, I don't have to tell you—people are not always okay. Things happen, and it changes them. Sometimes you can't go back. There may only be a different future. A new normal.
Similarly, that's why I also keep returning to Station Eleven, except in this case, instead of one character going through physical and mental trauma, it is an entire world that has changed and the select few who must somehow continue living. This story isn't one about survival: it's about starting over and about how to keep a microscopic piece of civilization, of history, of art alive. Can you imagine? Losing not only necessities like electricity, medicine, pre-packaged food, but also losing thousands of years of history, culture, customs, language, stories. Furthermore, can you imagine knowing what you lost? Knowing there used to be such a thing called the Internet, but having no idea of to bring it back from the grave?
One of the main characters we follow is part of a traveling symphony. A group of musicians and actors that move from town to town, giving Beethoven and Shakespeare back to a world that hasn't heard music or tales of woe in 20 years—and just like that, I was struck by the beauty of such a simple thing. Repeatedly, I found myself in their shoes, grieving with the characters, wondering with them, and wandering with them. And I was bizarrely grateful, in this fictional world, to know that Beethoven's 9th and A Midsummer Night's Dream survived. It's been five months since I finished the story, and I'm still grateful the violin lived.
Winner of the Pulitzer Prize for fiction, Doerr's prose leaves you bruised with life and beauty and—if you're a writer—jealousy. But this isn't why his story moved me. Throughout the novel, he moves back and forth between the two main characters, a young boy growing up in Germany under Hitler's influence in the 1930s and a young blind girl living in France during the upcoming and eventual war. Back and forth like a game of tennis, we get their stories in snapshots. Until, finally, in the eleventh hour when their paths ever so briefly cross.
The moments between them are an innocent reprieve from the loveless world from which they both came and to which they must return. This is why I can't them go. Separately, they're great characters. I loved them, and wished them well. But because of who they became for each other, even if it was only for a handful of pages, I can't forget them. Each is memorable for his and her actions toward and with the other.
So, you're asking yourself, how do I do this? What do I take away from this besides a to-read list? Honestly, I've no idea. I'm still learning too. And like I mentioned earlier, I could dissect some of the technical achievements of their works, and perhaps I'll do that another day, but I think that would be missing the bigger opportunity. I fell in love with these stories because they brought out something true in me and what I believe are some of the truest pieces of what it means to be human.
Something about these stories has punctured the piece of myself that only music can speak to. The emotions, the soul those melodies alone evoke.
So, in 2016, find those stories for you and let them move you. After all, what's the point of all of this if these things don't change us? So, go. Find your violin.
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Q: Letters don't appear in virtual consoles in debian Firstly, I switched to some virtual console with Ctrl+Alt+F2-6 even right after installing Debian 11 with KDE and, secondly, I tried to type something in that console. No letters appear, but it works with numerals. As you know, a login prompt appears first.
So I can't login in the system via those consoles.
Initially, logged in through the GUI.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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OK – I am now hooked on the weekly travel theme from 'Where's my backpack?'. This week's travel theme is light, and it would have to be my favourite type of photographic setting. I love shooting at night with the artificial city lights. I love shooting sunsets with the sun fading. So the question was which ones would make the cut. These photos were taken in Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, Greece, and the United States. I look forward to travelling more and capturing more photos of light.
The first shot was a spectacular sunset captured in the NSW Hunter Valley. The sun lit up the clouds in all their glory – beautiful spot, and great wine too.
This second shot was taken outside of my house when I lived in Manchester in the UK. It was the first time I had seen snow in England and I was giddy as a school kid (at 1am in the morning mind you). The night lights bathed the snow in a surreal golden colour.
This third shot was taken inside the Notre Dame Basilica in Montreal, Canada. This part of the cathedral is in the rear, where the natural light descends gloriously down from the ceiling.
The next shot was taken at the Vivid Festival of light in Sydney from 2011. The Sydney Opera House is hosting a pretty good canvas for the projected light.
This shot is a weird one, and sorry to the vegetarians. My mother in-law got remarried a few years back and we celebrated the occasion outdoors under the moonlight with a spit roast. Once the sun set, the night was pretty much lit by the roast and moon – and the pig was delicious thanks to my brother in law.
Sydney Harbour is constantly abuzz with boats and ferries, and at night their lights leave trails against the old coat hanger. I have quite a few of these in my type of shots in my collection.
Sunset in the Greek Islands is an experience that I would recommend to anyone. Santorini, Crete, and Mykonos are all well known islands. But my favourite is Paros, and a calming sunset it is.
The Vivid Festival offers up too many shots of Sydney all lit up. This next photo is of Customs House from the 2012 show, where this animation came to life.
I can't get away from sunsets. Here the Northen Midlands, United Kingdom, countryside is bathed in the light of the setting sun over the fields at English Frankton.
The last shot was from my third trip to New York, USA. The Empire State Building always puts on a light show.
I have decided to add one other from our wedding where we had the chefs cook for all of us with large open flame pans in front of all the guests. Our photographer for the evening thought it would be a good idea to get a photo of us in front of the flame. It was a great night! (Thanks Alison for the photos).


Langdon from Whitehead Die Casting called to talk about a new project he had- machining some die casting molds using MeshCAM. Although MeshCAM was never designed with this type of job in mind, we spoke about the requirements and it seemed like everything would work well.
Initial testing was done in aluminum to verify the accuracy and quality of toolpaths. When everyting passed inspection the final molds were machined from H-13 tool steel. Using stock of this value demonstrates real faith in the output from MeshCAM.
The molds were machined, measured and easily passed inspection. Below are a few images of the mold and the cast parts.


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text:
The Original Copy
The Studio Without Walls: Sculpture in the Expanded Field
Cyprien Gaillard (French, born 1980). Geographical Analogies: Alton Estate, Roehampton, England; Château d'Oiron, Oiron, France; La Noé, Chanteloup–les–Vignes, France. 2006–09
Cyprien Gaillard (French, born 1980). Geographical Analogies: Alton Estate, Roehampton, England; Château d'Oiron, Oiron, France; La Noé, Chanteloup–les–Vignes, France. 2006–09. Dye diffusion transfer prints (Polaroids), wood, glass, and cardboard, 25 9/16 x 18 7/8 x 3 15/16" (65 x 48 x 10 cm). Courtesy the artist and Laura Bartlett Gallery, London/Bugada & Cargnel, Paris. © 2010 Cyprien Gaillard
Bruce Nauman (American, born 1941). Composite Photo of Two Messes on the Studio Floor. 1967
Bruce Nauman (American, born 1941). Composite Photo of Two Messes on the Studio Floor. 1967. Gelatin silver print, 40 1/2" x 10' 3" (102.9 x 312.4 cm). The Museum of Modern Art, New York. Gift of Philip Johnson. © 2010 Bruce Nauman/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
Christo (Christo Javacheff. American, born Bulgaria 1935). 441 Barrels Structure—"The Wall" (Project for 53rd between 5th and 6th Avenues). 1968
Christo (Christo Javacheff. American, born Bulgaria 1935). 441 Barrels Structure—"The Wall" (Project for 53rd between 5th and 6th Avenues). 1968. Pasted gelatin silver prints and synthetic polymer paint on cardboard, 22 1/8 x 28" (56 x 71.1 cm). The Museum of Modern Art, New York. Gift of Louise Ferrari. © 2010 Christo
Christo (Christo Javacheff. American, born Bulgaria 1935). "The Museum of Modern Art Packed Project." 1968
Christo (Christo Javacheff. American, born Bulgaria 1935). "The Museum of Modern Art Packed Project." 1968. Oil on cut-and-pasted gelatin silver prints (by Ferdinand Boesch) on board with pencil, colored pencil, cut-and-pasted transparentized paper, and pressure-sensitive tape on board, 21 3/4 x 15 1/2" (55.2 x 39.5 cm). The Museum of Modern Art, New York. Gift of D. and J. de Menil. © 2010 Christo
Robert Barry (American, born 1936). Inert Gas Series: Neon. 1969
Robert Barry (American, born 1936). Inert Gas Series: Neon. 1969. Gelatin silver prints and text, prints: 8 x 10" (20.3 x 25.4 cm) each, text: 11 x 8 1/2" (27.9 x 21.6 cm). Collection Aaron and Barbara Levine. © 2010 Robert Barry. Courtesy the artist and Yvon Lambert Gallery
Robert Smithson (American, 1938–1973). Yucatan Mirror Displacements (1–9). 1969
Robert Smithson (American, 1938–1973). Yucatan Mirror Displacements (1–9). 1969. Chromogenic color prints from 35mm slides (printed 2010), 24 x 24" (61 x 61 cm) each. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York. Purchased with funds contributed by the Photography Committee and with funds contributed by the International Director's Council and Executive Committee Members: Edythe Broad, Henry Buhl, Elaine Terner Cooper, Linda Fischbach, Ronnie Heyman, Dakis Joannou, Cindy Johnson, Barbara Lane, Linda Macklowe, Brian McIver, Peter Norton Foundation, Willem Peppler, Denise Rich, Rachel Rudin, David Teiger, Ginny Williams, Elliot K. Wolk. Art © Estate of Robert Smithson/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY


Morgan and Stella went to his bed. Morgan did not allow herself a reaction. Grandpa lay surrounded by beeping monitors and dripping IVs. He looked as if he'd shrunk. Just a few months ago, before his blood pressure had suddenly spiked, he'd been a robust, active man. The sheer stillness of his body shocked Morgan.
They went to his side. Morgan took his hand, taking comfort that his grip was strong despite his obvious frailty.
Peyton and Ian hadn't been around much in the past few years, but that didn't mean they loved him less.
Morgan and Stella each gave him a kiss on the cheek before retreating to the hallway. They followed posted directions to the surgical waiting room.
They distracted themselves with more inane small talk until Brody walked in a short while later.
"Not an amateur." Stella huffed.
"You have a unit watching Harold Burns?" Morgan was surprised.
It was after one in the morning when Lance lugged three backpacks into his house. Then he went back to the Jeep and carried Ava and Mia inside, one by one, and tucked them into his guest bed. Gianna and Sophie walked in under their own steam. Unbelievably, Morgan's littlest was still awake. Snoozer shuffled into the house, jumped up on the sofa, and curled into a ball.
"The girls can sleep in the guest room. I can give you mine," Lance said to Gianna. He'd sleep on the couch.
After he moved the dog.
"Will all four of you fit?" Lance's guest bed was a queen size but still . . .
"They're small." Gianna hadn't bothered to dress. In her flannel pajamas and oversize sweatshirt, the eighteen-year-old looked much younger. Even with the pounds she'd gained since moving in with Morgan, Gianna was still slender, though less frail and much healthier than when she'd lived alone.
"OK. I have a blow-up mattress. I'll put it in the bedroom in case you need more room." Lance went into the garage and used his compressor to inflate the twin mattress. Then he wedged it between the wall and the bed. The second bedroom in his compact house wasn't large. Neither Ava nor Mia stirred. Amazingly, they hadn't objected to being roused from their beds in the middle of the night, though Morgan had only told them that Grandpa was hurt. She didn't want to frighten them.
Sophie was scared enough for all three children.
Nodding, Sophie wandered around the living room, inspecting Lance's few pieces of furniture.
"I don't wanna go to bed." Sophie hugged a toy horse tightly against her face. The sight stabbed Lance in the heart. The child was always a handful but not typically whiny. She'd had a rough, frightening night.
"How about a glass of milk?" he asked.
"Sure. But softly, OK? Mia and Ava are sleeping," Lance said.
Sophie sat down on the piano bench and raised a hand over the keyboard. She pressed a key, her touch light and hesitating, almost reverent. A soft middle C sounded through the dining room.
Lance sat down next to her.
"Can you play a song?" She plunked another soft key.
She nodded hard and sniffed.
"How about we get you to bed, Soph?" Gianna walked into the room and held out a hand. Sophie scrambled off the bench, took it, and let Gianna lead her into the guest room.
Lance drank the milk himself. Then he hauled his exhausted body to his bedroom, stripped off his clothes, and took a quick shower. He'd still been up, unable to sleep, when Morgan had called. It was now two a.m.


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Development cooperation with South Africa
Priority area "Energy and climate"
Priority area "Good governance"
Priority area "HIV and AIDS prevention"
Priority area "Vocational training"
Development facts and figures
Sunrise in JohannesburgCopyright© Thomas Köhler/photothek.net
Global development partner in southern Africa
South Africa calls itself the Rainbow Nation, in reference to its ethnic and cultural diversity. In the past, South Africa had been shunned by the international community due its policy of apartheid, under which it systematically repressed the black majority population. The impact of those decades of political, economic and social isolation can still be felt today. Since apartheid ended in 1994, South Africa has developed into a stable democracy. The constitution it adopted in 1997 is regarded as one of the most progressive anywhere in the world. It contains, among other things, a comprehensive catalogue of human rights. The country has a free media and an active civil society. Despite its status as an upper middle income country, South Africa is currently ranked just 113th out of 189 countries on the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI).
In view of South Africa's regional and international significance, Germany has selected it as one of its group of six "global development partners". Cooperation between the two countries focuses on four priority areas: energy and climate ("Green Economy"); good governance and public administration; technical and vocational education and training and skills development; HIV prevention.
Development facts and figures from South Africa
Emerging economies: important partners for international cooperation on sustainable development
Traffic on the N1 between Pretoria and Johannesburg in South AfricaCopyright© Ute Grabowsky/photothek.net
Political situation
Reform process under way
The African National Congress (ANC) has been in government since 1994. Whilst its share of the vote fell at the country's sixth round of free parliamentary elections in May 2019, it still emerged with an absolute majority.
People in a slum on the outskirts of Cape TownCopyright© Thomas Trutschel/photothek.net
Social situation
Rift between rich and poor
South Africa's policy of apartheid has left a profound mark on the country. Whilst a black middle and upper class has indeed emerged, there are still large sections of the population for whom conditions have not yet improved to any noticeable degree.
Orange processing plant in South AfricaCopyright© Miklos Gaspar/IAEA, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 via flickr
Großes Potenzial, schwaches Wachstum
In recent years, the country has lost a lot of its economic momentum. Since 2014, growth rates have been below two per cent, with expansion of just 0.6 per cent being recorded in 2018
The African National Congress (ANC) has been in government since 1994. Whilst its share of the vote fell at the country's sixth round of free parliamentary elections in May 2019, it still emerged with an absolute majority. On 22 May 2019, ANC President Cyril Ramaphos was reelected President of South Africa. He had already been interim president since February 2018, following the resignation of Jacob Zuma in reaction to pressure from within his own party.
In the same year in which he assumed office from Zuma, Ramaphosa put forward an ambitious package of reforms. Plans included investment in infrastructure and rural areas. Yet regaining the confidence of potential investors has proved a slow process for the government. Reforms are making slow progress and any economic upswing is still to be seen.
International involvement
South Africa today plays a leading political and economic role within Africa. It has been involved in efforts to resolve Africa's internal conflicts and to strengthen regional organisations like the African Union (AU) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC).
Within the global economy, South Africa acts as a bridge between industrialised and developing countries. In international organisations such as the United Nations, the G20 and the World Trade Organization (WTO), the country sees itself as a champion of African interests.
South Africa's policy of apartheid has left a profound mark on the country. Whilst a black middle and upper class has indeed emerged, there are still large sections of the population for whom conditions have not yet improved to any noticeable degree. Social structures are unstable and crime is alarmingly high compared with other countries. South Africa has one of the world's highest rates of murder and rape.
Poverty and unemployment
More than half the population of South Africa continues to live below the national poverty line. Poverty affects the black population worst. Few other countries have such pronounced disparities of wealth and income as South Africa. According to World Bank statistics for 2014, almost 70 per cent of total income is in the hands of the richest 20 per cent of the population. The poorest 20 per cent own less then three per cent.
Unemployment has reached a record 29 per cent. And almost half of young people aged between 15 and 24 are out of work, according to the World Bank.
Land ownership unevenly distributed
Despite remarkable progress being achieved on water, energy and basic housing provision, there are still areas where public services fall below standard. This is particularly true of areas where the black population lives, the former homelands and townships. The country has been striving for many years to carry out comprehensive land reforms that will benefit the majority black population; the plan, however, is making slow progress. Most fertile farm land is still in the hands of white farmers. The private sector, in particular, has been unsettled by the current debate on expropriation of land without compensation.
High HIV prevalence
The spread of HIV and AIDS is a major problem for South Africa's society and economy. Around 7.9 million of the country's 58 million people have HIV. One fifth of people aged between 15 and 49 are HIV-positive. Tied in with this is a tuberculosis epidemic. The infectious disease is one of the biggest killers of AIDS patients in South Africa.
Shortcomings in medical provision and the indecisive HIV/AIDS policy the government pursued for many years are felt to be jointly responsible for the massive social and health policy challenges. Serious efforts to tackle HIV only began a few years ago.
The benefits of improvements in prevention and treatment can already be seen. New cases of HIV fell by 40 per cent between 2010 and 2018 and there were 50 per cent fewer deaths from HIV.
Sign of an AIDS prevention campaign at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University in Port Elizabeth, South AfricaCopyright© Brian Snelson, CC BY 2.0 via flickr
Great potential, slow growth
South Africa displays all the typical characteristics of an emerging economy. The country is seen as a pioneer on the continent, with its highly developed economy, a world-class financial sector, a wealth of raw materials, a comparatively good infrastructure, some excellent academic facilities and an independent and reliable legal system. Yet social development has not kept pace with economic progress. Ultimately, therefore, South Africa must be viewed as a developing country.
Momentum has declined
In recent years, the country has lost a lot of its economic momentum. Since 2014, growth rates have been below two per cent, with expansion of just 0.6 per cent being recorded in 2018. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is predicting a similar level of growth in 2019 and expects the economy to continue recovering slightly over the next few years. This will depend, however, on the government actively pursuing its programme of reforms.
If the economic indicators remain unchanged, the country will not be able to permanently resolve its social problems. Private companies in particular are reluctant to invest. They are put off by uncertainties about the government's economic policy, the country's skills shortage, energy supply problems, frequent industrial action and high crime levels.
Skills shortage
Under the apartheid regime, people from the disadvantaged sections of the population did not generally receive any form of vocational training that actually met the needs of the modern labour market. Job seekers are now also facing competition from millions of migrant workers from neighbouring countries, who hope to find income opportunities in South Africa. Repeated outbreaks of anti-foreigner protests in recent years are a sign of growing social tensions.
Development potential
South Africa has great development potential. The best prospects for economic growth are in manufacturing, mining, tourism and solar and wind energy.
German development cooperation with South Africa
The development partnership between Germany and South Africa is aimed at helping the country overcome the development challenges that still persist, especially in the areas of governance, health, education and prevention of violence. The other aim of the partnership is to support global climate protection efforts and strengthen South Africa in the important role it plays for democracy, peace and stability on the African continent.
Official governmental development cooperation with South Africa began with the end of the apartheid regime. Since then, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development has provided bilateral funding of around 1.6 billion euros.
At the government negotiations in November 2018, new commitments of 253.6 million euros were made for bilateral projects in 2017 and 2018. Since South Africa has already reached an advanced level of development, support was mainly provided to this particular partner country in the form of loans. Of the total sum, 224 million euros was allocated to Financial cooperation and 29.6 million euros to Technical Cooperation. The priority areas of cooperation are as follows:
Energy and climate ("Green Economy")
Governance and public administration
HIV and AIDS prevention.
Technical and vocational education and training and skills development
Wind turbines in South AfricaCopyright© Lollie-Pop, CC BY 2.0 via flickr
Generating more electricity from wind and sun
South Africa has been caught up in an energy crisis for years. And at the same time the government will have no other choice but to switch to different forms of energy if it wants to meet international climate goals. Currently, South Africa is largely using domestic coal reserves to meet the growing demand for energy. This has made the country one of the world's largest emitters of greenhouse gases.
Germany is assisting South Africa with the modernisation of power generation and with climate protection. Together with the private sector, GIZ (on behalf of the BMZ) is advising South Africa's Department of Energy, the national power utility and South African districts and municipalities on how to promote the use of renewable energies and improve energy efficiency. It is supporting the construction of large-scale wind farms and decentralised rooftop photovoltaic installations.
As part of Financial Cooperation, low-interest loans are being offered via South African financial institutions to small and medium-sized businesses wishing to invest in renewable energies and energy efficiency measures. In addition, KfW Development Bank (on behalf of the BMZ) is promoting measures to modernise the transmission and distribution grids so that renewable energy sources can be linked to the grid.
Green people's energy for Africa | BMZ Position Paper
06/2017 | pdf | 416 KB | 12 P. My binder
Sustainable Energy for Development | German Development Cooperation in the Energy Sector
01/2014 | pdf | 5.7 MB | 44 P. | accessible My binder
See also: Climate change and development
See also: Promoting renewable energy and energy efficiency
View of the government building in PretoriaCopyright© Ute Grabowsky/photothek.net
Establishing an efficient public administration
German development cooperation is helping South Africa to create an efficient public administration system that is open to and serves all its citizens equally and that provides reliable and transparent basic public services. Germany is advising South Africa, for example, on human resource and financial management, public participation, anti-corruption and cooperation with the private sector.
Community violence prevention
Germany is also supporting measures aimed at preventing violence in communities. These include improving the social and economic infrastructure (safe footpaths, public spaces, sports grounds, community and youth centres).
Public bodies and civil society organisations are also being encouraged to swap knowledge and experience with each other, with a special focus on involving young people. Training programmes and social media enable them to play an active role in preventing violence in their communities.
Good Financial Governance in German Development Cooperation | Promoting good governance in public finance | BMZ Sector Strategy Paper
04/2015 | pdf | 756 KB | 32 P. | accessible My binder
The role of sport in German development cooperation
See also: Good governance – a prerequisite for development
Woman holding an AIDS awareness campaign in South AfricaCopyright© Trevor Samson/World Bank, via flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Informing young people about the risks
In no other country in the world are there as many people living with HIV as in South Africa. The spread of HIV and AIDS is jeopardising not only the country's economic development but also its social stability. The immunodeficiency disease is a threat to the lives and livelihoods of countless families. Many children are caring for sick relatives. Some 1.2 million children have lost their parents to AIDS, putting them at heightened risk of economic and sexual exploitation.
German activities
Germany is supporting, among other measures, programmes to encourage voluntary HIV and tuberculosis testing in severely affected provinces, with a view to reducing the number of new cases. New community centres offer a range of care and training services for children who have lost their parents to AIDS and for other vulnerable children.
Technical Cooperation concentrates particularly on prevention efforts and health education for young people. The aim is for HIV and AIDS to become an integral part of the school curriculum. Teaching materials are provided and primary, secondary and vocational teachers are given training.
In cooperation with various non-governmental organisations, the BMZ is also supporting innovative prevention programmes that target those sections of the population that are not making use of the official HIV advisory services on offer.
See also: Working together to fight HIV and AIDS
Trainees at a technical training centre in SowetoCopyright© Thomas Köhler/photothek.net
Creating opportunities
More than half of young people in South Africa under the age of 25 are unemployed. Yet, at the same time, companies are having difficulties filling vacant posts because of a lack of skilled workers. Although the government is investing a considerable amount of funding in education, training at public TVET schools is of a poor standard and trainers themselves have little or no training at all. There are no properly developed systematic cooperation arrangements between companies and public TVET colleges.
Dual training pilot project
That is why Germany is supporting a pilot project on dual vocational training. Four TVET colleges are piloting training programmes for electricians and plumbers based on the dual system. The courses combine periods of practical training in companies with classroom training at a TVET college. The college curricula and examination procedures were developed in collaboration with companies and trade associations. The aim is for the trainees to be offered permanent jobs by the companies involved once they have completed their training. There are plans to expand the scheme to other vocational colleges.
In 2016, an agreement was reached with the South African government to use funds from Financial Cooperation to also upgrade the standard of training for trainers. The aim is to develop training facilities and improve their skill level.
Supporting TVET – Shaping the Future | Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Development Cooperation
BMZ Education Strategy
Creating equitable opportunities for quality education
See also: Vocational education and training
Map of South Africa
General information Development funding Population data Poverty Economy Communication Education Health Environment
Data for Germany
Country name new window Definition and sourcea16180138
Republic of South Africa Federal Republic of Germany
Capital new window Definition and sourcea16180110
Pretoria, Greater Pretoria approximately 2 million inhabitants Berlin, 3.75 million inhabitants
Surface area new window Definition and sourcea16180096
1,219,090 sq km (2018) 357,580 sq km (2018)
Ranking Human Development Index (HDI) new window Definition and sourcea16180124
113 of 189 (2018) 4 of 189 (2018)
Development funding
Volume of German development cooperation new window Definition and sourcea16180270
253.6 million euros (2017/2018)
Total amount of ODA received new window Definition and sourcea16180284
1,014,350,000 US-$ (2017)
Amount of ODA received per capita new window Definition and sourcea16180298
17 US-$ (2017)
Population new window Definition and sourcea16180197
57,779,622 (2018) 82,927,922 (2018)
Population growth rate new window Definition and sourcea16180183
1.36 % (2018) 0.33 % (2018)
Life expectancy new window Definition and sourcea16180211
63.54 (2017) 81 (2017)
Population ages 0-14
(% of total) new window Definition and sourcea16180239
29.08 % (2018) 13.63 % (2018)
Population ages 65 and above (% of total) new window Definition and sourcea16180225
5.32 % (2018) 21.47 % (2018)
Population living in rural areas (% of total) new window Definition and sourcea16180169
Population living in absolute poverty
18.9 % (2014) 0 % (2015)
Population living below the national poverty line (% of total) new window Definition and sourcea16180343
55.5 % (2014) no data available
Undernourishment new window Definition and sourcea16180329
6.2 % (2017) 2.5 % (2017)
GNI (current US$) new window Definition and sourcea16180862
332,317,844,014 US-$ (2018) 3,905,321,667,025 US-$ (2018)
GNI per capita (current US$) new window Definition and sourcea16180876
5,750 US-$ (2018) 47,090 US-$ (2018)
GDP growth (annual %) new window Definition and sourcea16180988
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) new window Definition and sourcea16180834
5,467,539,710 US-$ (2018) 105,277,588,652 US-$ (2018)
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) new window Definition and sourcea16180890
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) new window Definition and sourcea16180904
Industry, value added
(% of GDP) new window Definition and sourcea16180946
Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) new window Definition and sourcea16180960
Services, value added (% of GDP) new window Definition and sourcea31624486
Energy imports (% of total energy consumption) new window Definition and sourcea16180792
-14.48 % (2014) 61.41 % (2015)
Inflation new window Definition and sourcea16180918
Jobs in agriculture
5.1 % (2019) 1.26 % (2019)
Child labour (% of children aged 7 to 14) new window Definition and sourcea16180806
no data available no data available
Unemployment rate new window Definition and sourcea16180820
27.33 % (2019) 3.2 % (2019)
Total foreign debt new window Definition and sourcea16180848
179,306,413,801 US-$ (2018) no data available
Debt service as percentage of exports of goods and services and net income from abroad new window Definition and sourcea16180932
19.93 % (2018) no data available
Individuals using the Internet (% of population) new window Definition and sourcea16180604
56.17 (2017) 89.74 (2018)
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) new window Definition and sourcea16180632
153.25 (2018) 129.33 (2018)
Literacy rate new window Definition and sourcea16180416
Public spending on education new window Definition and sourcea16180430
Number of pupils per teacher at primary school level new window Definition and sourcea16180444
Proportion of school age children attending primary school new window Definition and sourcea16180402
Children who complete primary school (% of total) new window Definition and sourcea16180388
(Please note the explanation of this value. You can find it by clicking on the small info icon.)
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) new window Definition and sourcea16180517
33.8 (2018) 3.7 (2018)
Number of mothers who die during pregnancy or childbirth (per 100,000 live births) new window Definition and sourcea16180531
119 (2017) 7 (2017)
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) new window Definition and sourcea16180489
96.7 % (2016) 98.7 % (2015)
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%) new window Definition and sourcea16180503
Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months) new window Definition and sourcea16180475
74 % (2018) 93 % (2018)
HIV/AIDS prevalence among
the 15-49 age group new window Definition and sourcea16180545
20.4 % (2018) 0.1 % (2018)
People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population) new window Definition and sourcea31624376
no data available 99.8 % (2017)
People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population) new window Definition and sourcea31624420
no data available 97.24 % (2017)
Domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP) new window Definition and sourcea31624442
Power consumption per inhabitant new window Definition and sourcea16180747
4,197.91 kWh (2014) 7,035.49 kWh (2014)
Forested land (% of total land area) new window Definition and sourcea16180719
7.62 % (2016) 32.7 % (2016)
Land under cultivation
(% of total land area) new window Definition and sourcea16180691
Level of carbon emissions per capita (in tons) new window Definition and sourcea16180733
8.98 (2014) 8.89 (2014)
Land classified as conservation areas (% of total land area) new window Definition and sourcea16180705
8 % (2018) 37.76 % (2018)
Definition and source
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.SRF.TOTL.K2
Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.
https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/en
http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/
Ranking Human Development Index (HDI)
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) publishes a Human Development Report once a year. The Human Development Index (HDI) contained in the Report records average figures for a country in fundamentally important fields of human development. These include, for example, life expectancy at birth, level of education and per capita income. From a large number of such individual indicators a ranking is calculated. Using this ranking it is possible to establish the average development status of a particular country.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS
Population living in rural areas (% of total)
Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW
Population growth rate
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS
Population ages 0-14 (% of total)
http://www.bmz.de/en/index.html
Volume of German development cooperation
Funds for development cooperation (Technical and Financial Cooperation) committed by the Federal Republic of Germany under intergovernmental agreements.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/DT.ODA.ODAT.CD
Total amount of ODA received
Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/DT.ODA.ODAT.PC.ZS
Amount of ODA received per capita
Net official development assistance (ODA) per capita consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients; and is calculated by dividing net ODA received by the midyear population estimate. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS
Undernutrition
Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHC
Population living below the national poverty line (% of total)
National poverty rate is the percentage of the population living below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.DDAY
Population living in absolute poverty (% of total)
The percentage of the population living on less than 1.90 US dollars a day at 2011 international prices. The World Bank last changed the definition of this poverty line in October 2015. Previously, it was defined as the percentage of the population living on less than 1.25 US dollars a day at 2005 international prices. Five countries (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Jordan and Laos) still use this older definition.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.CMPT.ZS
Children who complete primary school (% of total)
Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
When using this method of calculation the result may be greater than 100 per cent for some countries. This just means that the number of children completing their primary school education in that particular school year was higher than the number of children who were of official school leaving age.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.NENR
Proportion of school age children attending primary school
Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZS
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS
Public spending on education
Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.ENRL.TC.ZS
Number of pupils per teacher at primary school level
Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.H2O.SAFE.ZS
Percentage of the population with sustainable access to safe drinking water
Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.IMM.IDPT
Immunization, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT) (% of children ages 12-23 months)
Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.ACSN
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.SMSS.ZS
People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population)
The percentage of people using improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines: ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.BRTC.ZS
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.ANVC.ZS
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.MMRT
Number of mothers who die during pregnancy or childbirth (per 100,000 live births)
Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS
HIV/AIDS prevalence among the 15-49 age group
Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.GHED.GD.ZS
Domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP)
Public expenditure on health from domestic sources as a share of the economy as measured by GDP.
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS
People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)
The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.ROD.PAVE.ZS
Roads, paved (% of total roads)
Paved roads are those surfaced with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of all the country's roads, measured in length.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS
Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.VEH.PCAR.P3
Passenger cars (per 1,000 people)
Passenger cars refer to road motor vehicles, other than two-wheelers, intended for the carriage of passengers and designed to seat no more than nine people (including the driver).
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service using cellular technology, which provide access to the public switched telephone network. Post-paid and prepaid subscriptions are included.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.AGRI.ZS
Land under cultivation (% of total land area)
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS
Land classified as conservation areas (% of total land area)
Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZS
Forested land (% of total land area)
Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC
Level of carbon emissions per capita (in tons)
Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC
Power consumption per inhabitant
Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS
Jobs in agriculture (% of total)
Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.IMP.CONS.ZS
Energy imports (% of total energy consumption)
Net energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.0714.ZS
Child labour (% of children aged 7 to 14)
Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$)
Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. Dollars.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/DT.DOD.DECT.CD
Total foreign debt
Total external debt is debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.ATLS.CD
GNI (current US$)
GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD
GNI per capita (current US$)
GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG
Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/DT.TDS.DECT.EX.ZS
Debt service as percentage of exports of goods and services and net income from abroad
Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Exports of goods and services includes income and workers' remittances.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS
Industry, value added (% of GDP)
Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS
Agriculture, value added (% of GDP)
Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3.
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS
Services, value added (% of GDP)
Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3 or 4.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG
GDP growth (annual %)
Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources
Aerial view of South Africa's coastlineCopyright© South Africa Tourism, CC BY 2.0 via flickr
A selection of links with further development-related background information on South Africa
Information from the Federal Foreign Office on South Africaexternal link, new window
Information from KfW Development Bank on South Africaexternal link, new window
Information from GIZ on South Africaexternal link, new window
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