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Weekly Overseas Health IT Links -18th July, 2015.
Here are a few I have come across last week.
Note: Each link is followed by a title and few paragraphs. For the full article click on the link above title of the article. Note also that full access to some links may require site registration or subscription payment.
http://takingnote.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/07/10/a-star-trek-future-might-be-closer-than-we-think/?smid=tw-nytopinion
A 'Star Trek' Future Might Be Closer Than We Think
By Anna North
July 10, 2015 11:10 am July 10, 2015 11:10 am
Set against some of the biggest sci-fi franchises of the last five years, many of which imagine the future as a wreckage in which the strong prey relentlessly upon the weak, "Star Trek" can seem kind of quaint. After all, the show, especially in its second and strongest incarnation, "The Next Generation," takes place in a time when, essentially, everything has worked out.
But it is precisely this quality that interests Manu Saadia, the author of "Trekonomics," a forthcoming book about the economics of the "Star Trek" universe. The book, which grew in part out of conversations between Mr. Saadia and his friend Chris Black, a former writer for "Star Trek: Enterprise," will be sold through the publishing platform Inkshares. It examines "Star Trek'"s "post-economic" system, in which money no longer exists and anything you want can be made in a replicator, essentially for free.
http://www.reviewjournal.com/life/health/study-shows-elderly-want-control-what-health-information-family-sees
Posted July 10, 2015 - 4:33pm
Study shows elderly want to control what health information family sees
By LISA RAPAPORT
Elderly patients may be willing to let family members access their medical records and make decisions on their behalf, but they also want to retain granular control of their health information, a study suggests.
"Respecting and preserving the autonomy of the elder is critical," said lead author Dr. Bradley Crotty. "Elders and families should have honest discussions about preferences for information sharing and decision-making, and share these conversations with healthcare providers."
To understand how patients over 75 and the family members who care for them think about sharing medical information, Crotty and colleagues held separate focus groups in 2013 and 2014 with 30 elders and 23 caregivers.
http://www.fiercehealthit.com/story/clinician-centered-design-ehrs-improves-workflow/2015-07-10
Clinician-centered design in EHRs improves workflow
July 10, 2015 | By Katie Dvorak
Design for electronic health records that is clinician-centered can help improve workflow in ambulatory healthcare settings, a recent report found.
The report, published at eGEMs (Generating Evidence & Methods to improve patient outcomes), examined lessons learned from implementing recommendations from the National Institute of Standards and Technology into a software prototype for the Veteran's Health Administration's VAi2 innovation project.
The authors of the report, from Ohio State University, NIST and Johns Hopkins University, put into play 12 of the 15 recommendations to improve workflow made by NIST.
http://consumer.healthday.com/health-technology-information-18/computers-internet-144/online-symptom-checkers-may-miss-diagnosis-study-says-701177.html
Online 'Symptom Checkers' Often Miss Diagnosis, Study Finds
Computer-generated analysis correctly identified problem about one-third of the time
By Alan Mozes
THURSDAY, July 9, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Automated online "symptom checkers" that seem to offer patients a quick opportunity for self-diagnosis provide the right diagnosis in only about one-third of cases, a new analysis reveals.
The study team found that online checkers -- which are typically free services offered by medical schools, insurance companies, and even government entities -- are a more reliable and effective means to get a handle on symptoms than using web search engines such as Google.
The investigation also found that online medical checkers are about as accurate as primary care physician phone services that offer patients advice on whether or not a condition requires urgent care.
http://www.ihealthbeat.org/insight/2015/telemedicine-at-a-crossroads
Telemedicine at a Crossroads
by Rebecca Vesely, iHealthBeat Contributing Reporter Friday, July 10, 2015
When the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Affordable Care Act's subsidies for the federal health insurance exchange late last month, one of telemedicine's chief advocates was elated.
Jonathan Linkous, CEO of the American Telemedicine Association, in a phone interview said that the high court's decision will allow more room for Congress to focus on other priorities this session -- including telemedicine.
"Congress would have been totally swept up in the decision for the rest of the year had the subsidies been struck down," Linkous said, adding, "Telemedicine has always enjoyed bipartisan support."
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/news/Healthcare-IT-Time-to-Train-the-Machines-50856-1.html
Healthcare IT: Time to Train the Machines
Bob Violino of Information Management
JUL 9, 2015 7:49am ET
Healthcare executives expect that within the next three years their industry will need to focus as much on training machines as they do on training people, according to a new report from outsourcing and consulting firm Accenture.
The report, Accenture Healthcare Technology Vision 2015, is based on a survey of 601 doctors, 1,000 consumers and 101 healthcare executives and highlights emerging technology trends that will affect the industry in the next three to five years.
A majority of the health executives surveyed (84 percent) agree or strongly agree that their industry will need to focus as much on training machines, such as using algorithms, intelligent software and machine learning, as they do on training people in the next three years. Most agree that provider organizations, driven by a surge in clinical data, will soon need to manage intelligent machines as well as employees.
http://www.fierceemr.com/story/ahrq-patient-engagement-tools-both-help-hurt-clinician-workflow/2015-07-06
AHRQ: Patient engagement tools both help, hurt clinician workflow
July 6, 2015 | By Marla Durben Hirsch
Health IT applications that engage patients can have both a positive and a negative effect on clinicians' workflow, according to a new final contract report funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).
The report reviews patient use of secure messaging, electronic forms patients complete on a computer and portals to upload clinical data to their clinicians, and involves six different clinics in medium sized cities.
Other studies have found that while patient interest in online access to their providers is increasing, challenges remain in enticing patients to use electronic methods of patient engagement offered by providers. Portal use, in particular, appears to be mixed.
http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/leapfrog-shows-hospitals-lag-safety
Leapfrog out with troubling hospital safety numbers
By Bernie Monegain, Editor-at-Large
Patients may expect cleaner than clean conditions in a hospital – sterile even. Think again. In one of four hospitals across the country hand washing – the best-known way to prevent hospital infections – is apparently not a priority. Nearly a quarter of the hospitals – 23 percent – have yet to implement safe practices such as those.
That's according to a survey by hospital watchdog The Leapfrog Group. Overall, the results paint a picture of hospitals across the country struggling to provide safe care.
Health management company Castlight Health analyzed the results of the annual survey that measures a broad array of safety issues. It found that while hospitals overall showed improvement in 2014 for hand hygiene, rural hospitals aren't performing as well as their urban counterparts.
http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/aha-chime-name-most-wired-hospitals
2015 'Most Wired' hospitals turn to new priorities
Health data security and patient engagement are top priorities for the nation's hospitals, according to results of the 17th annual Health Care's Most Wired survey, released today by the American Hospital Association's Health Forum and the College of Healthcare Information Management Executives.
The 2015 Most Wired survey and benchmarking study, conducted in partnership with CHIME and sponsored by VMware, is designed to provide a barometer measuring information technology use and adoption among hospitals nationwide. The survey of more than 741 participants, representing more than 2,213 hospitals, examined how organizations are leveraging IT to improve performance for value-based healthcare in the areas of infrastructure, business and administrative management, quality and safety, and clinical integration.
http://www.digitalhealth.net/news/EHI/10121/wales-rolls-out-patient-portal/
Wales rolls-out patient portal
8 July 2015 Thomas Meek
Wales is nearing the complete roll-out of its My Health Online portal for online bookings and repeat prescriptions.
In its latest newsletter, the NHS Wales Informatics Service says the service needs to be implemented at one more GP practice in the Aneurin Bevan Health Board area and this will occur within the month.
Once completed, My Health Online will be live at all 458 GP practices in Wales, offering patients the opportunity do a variety of health-related tasks online, including booking appointments and ordering prescriptions.
http://www.digitalhealth.net/news/EHI/10122/nhs-developing-phr-adoption-strategy/
NHS developing PHR adoption strategy
NHS England is working on an adoption strategy to support the use of personal health records.
The strategy is intended to enable the NHS to develop an understanding of "what do we need to do at centre to help health economies and patients adopt PHRs," according to Lenore Ogilvy, a commercial specialist at the commissioning board.
Ogilvy, who was speaking at a Future of Personal Health Records event this week organised by Sitekit, the co-creator of the eRedbook, said the plan is part of the National Information Board's 'Personalised Health and Care 2020' framework to drive improved use of digital technology in healthcare.
The work on PHRs comes under workstream 1.1 of the framework, which is focused on enabling patients and the public to use digital tools to access health and care information and make informed choices.
http://www.mhealthnews.com/news/congress-gets-another-chance-advance-telemedicine
Congress gets another chance to advance telemedicine
July 08, 2015 | Eric Wicklund - Editor, mHealthNews
A new version of a bill designed to phase in telemedicine for Medicare beneficiaries is back on the table in Washington.
Rep. Mike Thompson, D-Calif., introduced the Medicare Health Parity Act of 2015 on July 7. Co-sponsors of the bill are Reps. Gregg Harper, R-Miss., Diane Black, R-Tenn., and Peter Welch, D-Vt.
The four legislators said this bill would put Medicare "on the path toward parity with in-person healthcare visits."
http://canadafreepress.com/article/73581
Unless taxpayers stand up and take notice, politicians will continue to waste public funds with impunity.
eHealth Ontario – the Gift that Keeps on Taking
By Canadian Taxpayers Federation Christine Van Geyn -- Bio and Archives July 8, 2015
Once again, Ontario taxpayers will be shelling out tens of millions of dollars for a cancelled contract that sees them getting nothing in return.
This time, it's a new $26.9 million bill from scandal plagued eHealth for a cancelled contract for the development of an unfinished registry of diabetes patients.
In 2010, the Ontario government signed a contract with CGI Information Systems to create a database to track the needs of diabetes patients. The six year contract was cancelled in September 2012 at the request of eHealth.
Deb Matthews (the Health Minister at the time) and eHealth took the position that the contract could be cancelled without a cost to taxpayers, because they alleged repeated delays had made the CGI database obsolete.
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/blogs/is-your-organization-ready-for-the-era-of-cybercrime-50845-1.html
Is Your Organization Ready for the Era of Cybercrime?
By Brian Evans
JUL 7, 2015 6:08pm ET
Cybercrime is on the rise, and the healthcare industry is the hot new target for increasingly sophisticated, intelligent hackers.
On the black markets of the Dark Web, stolen patient health records can fetch as much as $363 per record, according to data from the Ponemon Institute, which is more than any other piece of data from any other industry. This is because, unlike credit cards and other data, health records contain information that can't be easily changed or deleted – social security numbers, birth dates and more.
As we see more high-profile attacks against healthcare organizations, our government is responding with increased regulation as a first defense. Compliance demands continue to grow, especially when it comes to protecting personal information. The pending Data Security and Breach Notification Act of 2015 would be the first federal rule requiring organizations to inform consumers that their personal information may have been compromised, and then take reasonable steps to protect personal information they maintain in electronic form.
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/news/Digital-Health-Funding-in-2015-Slightly-Behind-2014-50849-1.html
Digital Health Funding in 2015 Slightly Behind 2014
Greg Slabodkin
Funding for digital health companies reached $2.1 billion in the first half of 2015—just short of the $2.3 billion during the same time period during 2014's record-breaking year—according to Rock Health, which funds and supports early stage healthcare companies.
Rock Health released its 2015 Midyear Report revealing that there were 139 deals in the first six months of the year with the average deal size pegged at more than $15 million, exceeding $14.6 million in 2014. The firm's funding data only includes disclosed U.S. deals over $2 million.
According to Rock Health, digital health funding was approximately 5 percent of total venture funding in the first quarter (latest data available), outpacing overall funding, the software sector, and traditional healthcare sectors—including biotech and medical devices.
http://www.healthcareitnews.com/blog/seedy-underworld-medical-data-trafficking
The seedy underworld of medical data trafficking
By Chris Bowen, ClearDATA
As more healthcare organizations are discovering to their woe, having direct access to patients' personal health information puts a giant target on their backs for cyber thieves that traffic in stolen medical records. Medical data breaches are increasing in frequency and scope, with millions of Americans now victims of medical identity theft. Who are the criminals behind this digital era crime wave?
IBM research shows that the vast majority of cybercrime is highly organized and generating unprecedented profits, noting that the largest bank heist in history was $30 million compared to the annual $445 billion cost of cybercrime. Solo cybercriminals are also out there, however. Trend Micro observes that these different classes of criminals also dwell in different forums, with petty thieves showing up in more easily accessed sites, and organized cyber thieves residing in closed forums of their own.
http://www.fierceemr.com/story/patient-portal-design-should-be-more-fluid-varied-researchers-say/2015-07-07
Patient portal design should be more fluid, varied, researchers say
Patient portals can be a helpful way to share older adults' health information with their caregivers, but privacy and autonomy issues indicate that full access by proxy may not be the best approach, according to a new study in JAMA Internal Medicine.
The researchers, from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and elsewhere, conducted 10 professionally moderated focus groups from October 2013 to February 2014 as part of a broader inquiry regarding the information needs of the elderly and their caregivers. They found there to be "broad support" in general for information sharing if it benefited the older adult, but the elders and caregivers had different perspectives.
For instance, while caregivers wanted access to information to reduce their own stress levels and be helpful, elders resisted sharing because they didn't want to burden their caregiver family member with the information.
http://www.fiercehealthit.com/story/white-house-announces-precision-medicine-initiative-commitments/2015-07-08
White House announces Precision Medicine Initiative commitments
July 8, 2015 | By Katie Dvorak
The Precision Medicine Initiative was announced by President Barack Obama six months ago, and this week the administration detailed new commitments to the program.
The administration released a rough draft for guiding principles in regard to privacy and trust when it comes to precision medicine projects. It offers guidance on governance; transparency; data sharing, access and use; data security and more.
Some of the guidelines include:
Unauthorized re-identification and re-contacting of participants will be expressly prohibited
Mechanisms should be created to ensure data integrity is preserved at all stages: collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination
A Data Security Framework should be developed with help from experts in data science, security and health IT
The White House is seeking comment from the public on the principles through Aug. 7.
http://www.fiercehealthit.com/story/program-helps-address-inconsistencies-use-clinical-decision-support-tools/2015-07-08
Program helps to address inconsistencies in use of clinical decision support tools
July 8, 2015 | By Susan D. Hall
A conference series known as TEACH (Teaching Evidence Assimilation for Collaborative Health Care) shows promise for promoting evidence-based practice.
Despite advances in research, clinical guidelines continue to be ignored and clinical decision support (CDS) tools used inconsistently or not at all, according to an article at eGEMS (Generating Evidence & Methods to improve patient outcomes).
The program was developed at the New York Academy of Medicine to look beyond technology to address problems of habit, policy and organizational culture to better align practice with clinical evidence.
http://www.digitalhealth.net/features/2015/SR/wards/featurepage_wards.html
Vital intelligence
The technology funds encouraged trusts to bid for systems that can be used to record vital signs and calculate early warning scores. While they get to grips with their implementations, Fiona Barr discovers that early adopters are starting to extend the use of their devices; and to gain some unexpected benefits.
In the fourth biggest hospital in England, every doctor and nurse has a mobile device in their pocket and uses it throughout their working day.
The IT used by staff at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust is not part of an electronic patient record deployment, but a vital signs project that has made iPods and iPhones as ubiquitous on the ward as they are at home.
The Nottingham project was one of many vital signs projects partly paid for by the government's health technology funds, which helped to kick-start substantial growth in the vital signs' market a year ago.
Twelve months on, the second round of the Nursing Tech Fund has supported 24 more projects and the momentum is continuing as trusts start to self-fund the schemes and add more functionality.
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/news/Physicians-Increasingly-Open-to-Video-Consultations-50841-1.html
Physicians Increasingly Open to Video Consultations
A nationwide survey of more than 2,000 primary care doctors found that 57 percent of physicians are willing to conduct video visits with their patients.
Just 12 percent of respondents are unwilling to see a patient over video and 31 percent remain uncertain. In the online survey conducted by telehealth vendor American Well, physicians cited work-life balance as the most popular reason for seeing patients over video, followed by increased earning opportunity, and improved patient outcomes.
When it comes to technology platforms, 69 percent of doctors indicated that video is superior to phone or email communication for making accurate diagnoses for new patient consults. Only 5 percent of those surveyed said email was best for diagnosis and just 1 percent said text was best.
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/news/July-Feature-EHRs-Going-Against-the-Flow-50840-1.html
July Feature: EHRs Going Against the Flow
Implementing clinical information systems at healthcare organizations can be a jarring experience. And when those systems conflict with long-used work processes for accomplishing clinical tasks, it's more than annoying. It can make an IT project a long, uphill slog.
For a health IT project to succeed, the flow of information must be synchronized with clinical workflow-that's how an organization can best ensure it will achieve significant gains in efficiency and quality of care. Conversely, when those flows don't match up, providers become less efficient, forced to take additional steps or create workarounds for incongruities.
Such synchronicity is hard to come by for providers. In fact, studies suggest that the rapid adoption of electronic health record (EHR) systems, spurred by federal incentive programs, have led to usability, workflow and cognitive support issues that hinder patient care.
http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/online-cme-learning-has-hidden-benefits
Online CME learning has hidden benefits
By Sherree Geyer, Contributing writer
Hospitals that leverage online learning to reduce the cost of continuing education requirements may experience a bonus: lower lengths of stay, reduced readmissions and improved quality indicators.
So says Teresa Fugate, a case management consultant who credits online learning tools with lower lengths of stay at Knoxville, Tenn.-based Covenant Health, where she served as vice president of case management for five years.
"We saw a reduction in LOS by getting tidbits (of information) on how to handle a chronic case," she says – adding that informed case managers made informed decisions.
"The more expertise, the more confident they are and assertive to have conversations with doctors," says Fugate. "If they knew the criteria and could cite the source, the doctor would have more respect and was more likely to take their suggestion."
http://www.digitalhealth.net/news/primary-care/10113/over-budget-gpes-has-no-future---nao/
Over-budget GPES has no future - NAO
2 July 2015 Rebecca McBeth
Significant delays to the General Practice Extraction Service have seen costs rise from £14 million to £40 million - and design failures mean it is unlikely to have a long-term future, a National Audit Office report has said.
The NAO has today published the findings from an investigation into the service, which collects data from all GP clinical systems in England.
In a statement, it says mistakes in the original procurement and contract management have increased costs, while the HSCIC may get as little as two more years' use from the system.
"The total expected cost of the GPES programme increased from £14 million to £40 million during the planning and procurement stage," the report states.
http://www.fierceemr.com/story/niam-yaraghi-stage-2-meaningful-use-has-failed/2015-07-06
Niam Yaraghi: Stage 2 of Meaningful Use has 'failed'
While there are many benefits of health IT, forcing providers to comply with Stage 2 of the Meaningful Use program has been a failure, according to Niam Yaraghi, a fellow at the Brooking Institution's Center for Technology Innovation.
In a recent blog post, Yaraghi says that Stage 1 of the program created an artificial market for electronic health record systems, and that providers were willing to buy the government-subsidized products without worrying about actually using them.
Now that Stage 2 has gone into effect, however, providers are required to use their EHRs; to that end, forcing physicians to adopt and use a one size fits all program was "destined to fail," he says. Instead, according to Yaraghi, adoption should have been allowed to be "organic and voluntary." Health IT, he adds, is a means to achieve the goal of efficiency and forcing an EHR as the only IT solution ignores the fact that other IT services likely would be better.
http://www.fiercehealthit.com/story/privileged-access-controls-essential-healthcare-security-strategy/2015-07-07
Privileged access controls essential to healthcare security strategy
Recent healthcare data breaches in which hackers got in through administrator credentials highlight the need for privileged access management, Sudhakar Gummadi, chief information security officer at California-based Molina Healthcare, says in an interview at HealthcareInfoSecurity.
Privileged access, which IT workers use to do their jobs of building and maintaining the infrastructure, essentially gives them the keys to the kingdom. These days, though, it doesn't make sense to offer them 24/7 privileged access, Gummadi says.
While encryption and other tactics are good to have as part of a good defense-in-depth strategy, it's critical to have controls for privileged-access management, he says.
http://www.healthleadersmedia.com/content/TEC-318270/Stop-Complaining-About-ICD10-and-Start-Training
Stop Complaining About ICD-10 and Start Training
Scott Mace, for HealthLeaders Media , July 7, 2015
Misinformation and misunderstandings surround ICD-10 as the go-live date nears. One result is that too many providers have yet to conduct testing. They should take advantage of CMS's grace period, starting now.
The announcement yesterday that the American Medical Association is now working jointly with CMS to educate its membership about ICD-10 is better late than never.
Consider that, according to a survey conducted by the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) between May and June, the majority of providers have not yet conducted ICD-10 testing. This annual survey found that 19% of respondents do not even plan to conduct any end-to-end testing.
That is a fairly astounding finding, nearly as astounding as some of the continuing misinformation being circulated about how coding errors in ICD-10 will affect physician's payments. For some clarification on this, I again turned to AHIMA.
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/news/Time-to-Lower-E-Communication-Walls-between-Patients-Docs-50833-1.html
Time to Lower E-Communication Walls between Patients, Docs
Greg Goth
The results of a recent survey conducted by Johns Hopkins University, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and CVS Health point to a clear conclusion: It is time to give more than lip service to finding a mutually agreeable way for patients and their providers to communicate electronically beyond "official" platforms such as EHRs and patient portals.
The survey, which gauged patient use of, and interest in, using email, provider websites, and social media – specifically Facebook – was published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
"The easy answer is there are takeaways for everyone," lead author Joy Lee, a post-doctoral research fellow at the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins, told Health Data Management about her team's findings, "but especially for healthcare organizations like hospitals, and then providers. For hospitals and clinics, an important finding is pointing out the realization that demand is there – yes, there are concerns about data security, but this is right now an unmet need."
http://www.healthdatamanagement.com/news/IT-Leaders-to-Congress-We-Need-Patient-Identifier-Now-50832-1.html
IT Leaders to Congress: We Need Patient Identifier Now
Joseph Goedert
The College of Healthcare Information Management Executives is calling for a renewed push to establish a unique national patient identifier and is unleashing its 1,600 chief information officers and clinical medical informatics officers to press Congress to remove the current prohibition on such an identifier.
In recent months, U.S. House and Senate committees—particularly the House Energy and Commerce and the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committees—have held a series of hearings on issues surrounding health information technology. These include electronic health records interoperability, Medicare reimbursement for telemedicine services, improving health IT safety, and regulation of certain software as medical devices, as policymakers seek ways for health IT to better support population health management and cost control.
Time and time again, the lack of a sufficient national patient identifier has been cited by testifying stakeholders as a major impediment to interoperability and patient safety. And, with the House Energy and Commerce Committee sending the 21st Century Cures Act to the House floor for consideration, now is the time for CHIME and other industry associations to make a concerted effort on the identifier issue, says Leslie Krigstein, interim vice president of public policy at CHIME.
http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/fatal-cost-poor-it-rollouts
The 'fatal cost' of poor IT rollouts
By Mike Miliard, Editor
Too often, health organizations "make rookie mistakes" in their technology implementations, writes Leapfrog President and CEO Leah Binder. And too often, these rollouts leave hospitals vulnerable to serious patient safety risks.
Writing in the Wall Street Journal on July 1, Binder lays out a familiar list of complaints.
"They assume everything is plug-and-play, then panic when things go wrong. They set unrealistic timelines that demoralize staff. They rely too much on vendors. And they expect technology to somehow electronically solve complex human and managerial issues."
http://www.fiercehealthit.com/story/report-iot-healthcare-could-have-economic-impact-17t/2015-07-06
Report: IoT in healthcare could have economic impact of up to $1.7T
The Internet of Things, when used to improve healthcare and help those with chronic conditions, could have an economic impact ranging from $170 billion to $1.7 trillion a year, according to a recent report from McKinsey & Company.
By 2025, the report estimates that the IoT will have a "total potential economic impact" of almost $4 trillion up to a possible $11.1 trillion per year.
That healthcare figures are based on "cost savings in treatment and the value of longer lives and improved quality of life that patients with chronic conditions could enjoy if IoT monitoring helps them avoid disease complications," the report adds.
http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/healthcare-information-technology/efficient-health-information-exchange-could-mean-huge-savings-for-hospitals.html
Efficient health information exchange could mean huge savings for hospitals
Written by Max Green | July 02, 2015
Including a health information exchange query for every patient encounter in a emergency department setting could significantly reduce the number of tests and examinations ordered in hospitals and reduce costs, according to a recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association.
http://www.ihealthbeat.org/perspectives/2015/the-evolution-from-analytics-to-dynamics
The Evolution From Analytics to Dynamics
by Jacob Kuriyan Monday, July 6, 2015
As health care begins to accumulate and merge electronic health record, claims and "big" data, new IT tools and methodologies will be needed to digest them into information. The challenges are non-trivial and the consequent disruptions to IT and its professionals can be severe.
Currently an important role of analytics in health care is to spot outliers -- highest-cost patients, highest utilizers -- to minimize fraud and abuse and increase efficiency. Analyses of cost and utilization using statistics and other methods help set premiums, evaluate performances and devise incentives to improve quality and care. An alternative approach to statistical analysis is the method of dynamical systems, which has shown value in the study of physical systems in many fields such as physics, ecology, biology and electrical engineering.
Epidemiologists, for instance, have modeled an HIV population as a dynamical system. Known as the SIR model -- for "susceptible," "infected" and "recovered," the three segments of the population in the model -- it successfully forecasts the spread of HIV in a population. In cancer research, dynamic modeling is used to study the growth and spread of tumors. Amusingly, advertisers and marketers use dynamical system models to understand the viral propagation of rumors and gossip on social networks.
Posted by Dr David G More MB PhD at Saturday, July 18, 2015
Hands up all those who saw this amongst David's items?
"Study shows elderly want to control what health information family sees"
The report does not cover the Australian context, but there is no indication that Australians are likely to be any different.
Can the PCEHR control access to a patient's health record at the family or carer level? I may be wrong, but AFAIK, the only control is at the health provider organisation.
In fact, the ConOp never even identified such a level of control as a requirement. If I remember correctly, the ConOp strongly recommended control at the individual health carer level, but it was seen as being too difficult. And anyway, it would have required NASH.
This new potential requirement - which probably applies to more than just the elderly - that seems to have been identified rather puts the claim of "personally controlled" even less valid.
At least, when it was opt-in, a patient could just ignore the PCEHR. Now a patient will need to go through the rigmarole of opting-out as well as having to explain to people they may not want to, why they are opting out.
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South Africa is mobilizing for March 16. Brazil and Argentina too. Are you?
Feature Video: Join the growing anti-war movement - U.S. Hands Off Venezuela!
Dispatch from Gloria La Riva: "As Venezuela is plunged into darkness again, huge mobilizations took place today in opposition to the Trump administration's war against the government."
The strategy is to weaken and isolate the country, spread discontent through suffering, and allow the possibilities of regime change and intervention to ripen over time.
ANSWER Coalition leader Gloria La Riva is in Venezuela as part of a Liberation News team combating the war-mongering narrative about the country pushed by the corporate media.
Haitian community mobilizes for March 16 in D.C.: U.S. Hands Off Venezuela!
National March on Washington: Hands off Venezuela! No coup, no sanctions, no new U.S. war!
We stand with the Bolivarian Revolution!


text:
Analysis Featured
Citizenship Bill And India's Refugees
Justice Markandey Katju and Dhruti Kapadia December 13, 2019
Justice Markandey Katju and Advocate Dhruti Kapadia analyse India's recent Citizen Amendment Bill. They look at refugees, who are central to the conversation around it, and how they are given basic rights, like the right to life and dignity, by the constitution. They argue that the Bill violates these rights and also fails to look at important nuances.
The Citizens Amendment Bill (CAB) has been passed by both Houses of Parliament, and will soon get the assent of the President.
Since a lot of controversy has been raised over it, it needs a dispassionate analysis.
Assam has had an influx of a large number of Bangladeshi immigrants who came after the Partition of 1947. Some (Hindus, Buddhists, etc) came due to religious persecution by the Muslim majority. But many poor Muslims also came for a better life.
Such 'economic refugees', i.e. those who migrate not due to religious persecution but to seek a better life, are not strictly speaking refugees as defined in the UN Refugee Convention of 1951. But the fact is that worldwide there are a large number of 'economic refugees'. For example, USA has about 11 million illegal immigrants from Mexico who migrated to have a better life. Many of them have been living there for decades, and now have little roots in Mexico. What is to be done to them? President Trump wants them deported to Mexico, but that is easier said than done.
In India under the Assam Accord, only those Bangladeshis who came into Assam before March 1971 would be granted citizenship under the Citizenship Act. But CAB will make people of 6 religions, viz Hindus, Sikhs, Christians, Parsis, Buddhists and Jains, who came from 3 countries, viz Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh Indian citizens, provided they have lived in India for 6 years.
CAB omits mention of Muslims, and this is where the controversy lies.
The BJP Govt justifies this discrimination by saying that Muslims did not come into India due to persecution, whereas people of other religions did. But this is only a pretext. The real reason is that BJP knows that Muslims will vote against them in elections, and so wishes to deny them citizenship (which carries voting rights).
Also, what is overlooked is that many Muslims in Pakistan e.g. Shias, Ahmadis etc. are also persecuted there, and may come to India to avoid persecution. Whereas by a Constitutional Amendment Pakistan has declared Ahmadis non-Muslims, the Kerala High Court has declared them Muslims, and Ahmadis regard themselves Muslims. However, they are treated barbarically in Pakistan (see the article 'Barbaric persecution of Ahmadis in Pakistan' by Justice Katju online).
Many Assamese are protesting because they do not want any immigrants into Assam, whether Muslim or non-Muslim, and object to citizenship being given to any immigrant. Others are objecting to CAB for other reasons. The whole of Assam is in flames, and in many places the army has been called out.
The truth is that many Bangladeshi Muslims have been living in Assam for decades, though they may not have come here legally. Many were even born in Assam. They have no roots now in Bangladesh. Where are they to go if deported? Bangladesh has said it will not accept them. So, should they be dumped into the Bay of Bengal? It is a humanitarian problem, not just a legal one.
One of us (Justice Katju) remembers once when he was sitting in a bench of the Supreme Court a case came regarding illegal squatters in jhuggi jhopdis in Mumbai. The senior judge on the bench shouted that these illegal squatters have no legal right to remain where they were living, and must be thrown out, to which Justice Katju coolly retorted "But Brother, where are they to go? Should they be dumped into the Arabian Sea? It is not just a legal problem, it has also a humanitarian aspect".
It may be noted that under the Indian Constitution whereas certain rights, like those mentioned in Article 19, are available only to citizens, others like the right to equality mentioned in Article 14, and the right to life and liberty mentioned in Article 21 (which has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to mean the right to live with dignity) are available to all persons. A non-citizen is certainly a person, and hence is also entitled to those rights.
In National Human Rights Commission vs State of Arunachal Pradesh of 1996 (see online), the question was about the Chakma refugees, who were illegal immigrants from Bangladesh. The Court observed that the fundamental right of life and liberty guaranteed by Article 21 of the Indian Constitution is also available to Chakmas, though they were not Indian citizens.
It is submitted that CAB is unconstitutional as it violates both Articles 14 and 21 of the Indian Constitution
Justice Markandey Katju and Dhruti Kapadia
Will PM's nephew Hassan Niazi be held accountable for attacking PIC?
Meesha Shafi Moves SC Against Ombudsperson's Refusal To Hear Her Case

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sailing is the ultimate way to relax. Fanatically compete for the victory in the match. Relaxed in the evening hours enjoying peace, the water and the wind. Sailing is never the same! You have been surrendered to the elements. A few hours on the water will clear your head and provide energy. Everyone relaxes on a boat and there is plenty of time for a conversation. Sailing also means collaboration. Rigging the boat together, hoisting the sails, determining the course and tacking.
The Business Sailing Club is a driven club of people with a vision and passion. The aim is to expand the business network and to bring offshore racing in the Netherlands to a higher level.
The Business Sailing Club was founded in 2007 by a number of successful entrepreneurs with the aim of meaning for Dutch sailing. Brilliant ideas are forged through the combined forces of passionate people with passion, taking part in events, in combination with good food and a good glass of wine.
The Business Sailing Club consists of driven entrepreneurs and managers with a passion for sailing, who want to mean something for sailing in the Netherlands.
A large network is created by using each other's contacts. New members can be nominated by the current members and, after agreement of all members, become members of the club.
The Business Sailing Club is committed to young sailing talent. The goal is to offer young talents from open boats the opportunity to gain experience on large boats and offshore racing. The J70s will be offered to the youth to train and participate in One Design competitions, to encourage the transition from open boats to offshore.
The VO65 Team Brunel will sail until October 1, 2019 with Scheveningen as home base. Talent is encouraged to work with the crew to gain experience. In this way we hope to get more offshore sailing talent in the international competition field.
Companies can become members of the Business Sailing Club after the company has been approved by the Ballotage Committee. A new member may not be competitive with the already affiliated companies.


text:
\section{Introduction}

Throughout this paper, $K$ is a field, $S=K[x_1,\ldots, x_n]$ and $G$ denotes a simple undirected graph with vertex set
$\mathrm{V}(G)=\{v_1,\ldots, v_n\}$ and edge set $\mathrm{E}(G)$. Recall that the \emph{edge ideal} $I(G)$ of $G$ is the ideal of $S$
generated by $\{x_ix_j|v_iv_j\in \mathrm{E}(G)\}$. Many researchers have studied how algebraic properties of $S/I(G)$ relates
to the combinatorial properties of $G$ (see \cite{stanley, hibi, tri-free} and references therein). One of the
algebraic properties that recently has gained attention is the property of being Gorenstein. We say that $G$ is a
Gorenstein (resp, Cohen-Macaulay or CM for short) graph over $K$, if $S/I(G)$ is a Gorenstein (resp. CM) ring. When $G$
is Gorenstein (resp. CM) over every field, we say that $G$ is Gorenstein (resp. CM). In \cite{large girth} and
\cite{tri-free} a characterization of planar Gorenstein graphs of girth $\geq 4$ and triangle-free Gorenstein graphs,
respectively, is presented. Also in \cite{planar goren} a condition on a planar graph equivalent to being Gorenstein is
stated.

In this paper, first we recall some needed concepts and preliminary results. Then in Section 3, we characterize some
graphs with a Gorenstein edge ideal. In particular, we show that if $G$ is a circulant graph with vertex degree at most
four or a circulant graph of the form $C_n(1,\ldots, d)$ for some $d\leq n/2$, then $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if
$G\cong tK_2$, $G\cong t\b{C_n}$ or $G\cong tC_{13}(1,5)$ for some integers $t$ and $n\geq 4$. Also we prove that if
$G$ is a $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graph, then $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if each component of $G$ is either an edge or a 5-cycle.

                                        \section{Preliminaries}

Recall that a \emph{simplicial complex} $\Delta$ on the vertex set $V=\{v_1,\ldots, v_n\}$ is a family of subsets of
$V$ (called \emph{faces}) with the property that $\{v_i\}\in \Delta$ for each $i\in [n]=\{1,\ldots,n\}$ and if $A\subseteq
B\in \Delta$, then $A\in \Delta$. In the sequel, $\Delta$ always denotes a simplicial complex. Thus the family
$\Delta(G)$ of all cliques of a graph $G$ is a simplicial complex called the \emph{clique complex} of $G$. Also
$\Delta(\b G)$ is called the \emph{independence complex} of $G$, where $\b G$ denotes the complement of $G$. Note that
the elements of $\Delta(\b G)$ are independent sets of $G$. The ideal of $S$ generated by $\{\prod_{v_i\in F} x_i|F\subseteq
V$ is a non-face of $\Delta\}$ is called the \emph{Stanley-Reisner ideal} of $\Delta$ and is denoted by $I_\Delta$ and
$S/I_\Delta$ is called the \emph{Stanley-Reisner algebra} of $\Delta$ over $K$. Therefore we have $I_{\Delta(\b G)}=
I(G)$. Many researchers have studied the relation between combinatorial properties of $\Delta$ and algebraic properties
of $S/I_\Delta$, see for example \cite{hibi,stanley, bal ver dec, our chordal, my vdec} and their references.

By the dimension of a face $F$ of $\Delta$, we mean $|F|-1$ and the dimension of $\Delta$ is defined as
$\max\{\dim(F)|F\in \Delta\}$. Denote by $\alpha(G)$ the \emph{independence number} of $G$, that is, the maximum size
of an independent set of $G$. Note that $\alpha(G)=\dim \Delta(\b G)+1$. A graph $G$ is called \emph{well-covered}, if
all maximal independent sets of $G$ have size $\alpha(G)$ and it is said to be a \emph{W$_2$ graph}, if $|\mathrm{V}(G)|\geq 2$
and every pair of disjoint independent sets of $G$ are contained in two disjoint maximum independent sets. In some
texts, W$_2$ graphs are called 1-well-covered graphs. In the following lemma, we have collected some known results on
W$_2$ graphs and their relation to Gorenstein graphs.
\begin{lem}\label{W2}
\begin{enumerate}
\item \label{Goren=> W2} (\cite[Lemma 3.1]{large girth} or \cite[Lemma 3.5]{tri-free})If $G$ is a graph without
    isolated vertices and $G$ is Gorenstein over some field $K$, then $G$ is a W$_2$ graph.

\item \label{tri-free Goren} (\cite[Proposition 3.7]{tri-free}) If $G$ is triangle-free (that is, no subgraph of $G$
    is a triangle) and without isolated vertices, then $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  $G$ is W$_2$.

\item \label{W2 deg} (\cite[Theorem 4]{W2}) The degree of every vertex of a connected non-complete W$_2$ graph is at
    least 2.
\end{enumerate}
\end{lem}

Recall that if $F\in \Delta$, then $\mathrm{link}_\Delta(F)=\{A\setminus  F| F\subseteq A\in \Delta\}$. Suppose that $F\subseteq \mathrm{V}(G)$. By
$\mathrm{N}[F]$ we mean $F\cup \{v\in \mathrm{V}(G)| uv\in \mathrm{E}(G)$ for some $u\in F\}$ and we set $G_F=G\setminus  \mathrm{N}[F]$. Thus if $F$ is
independent, then $\mathrm{link}_{\Delta(\b G)} F= \Delta(\b{G_F})$. Also the polynomial $I(G,x)=\sum_{i=0}^{\alpha(G)}
a_ix^i$, where $a_i$ is the number of independent sets of size $i$ in $G$, is called the \emph{independence polynomial}
of $G$. It should be mentioned that, if we set $f_i=a_{i+1}$ for $-1\leq i<\alpha(G)$, then the vector $(f_{-1},
f_0,\ldots, f_{\alpha(G)-1})$ is called the $f$-vector of $\Delta(\b G)$ in the literature of combinatorial commutative
algebra.

Theorem 5.1 of \cite{stanley} states conditions on $\Delta$ equivalent to the statement ``$\Delta$ is Goresnstein over
$K$''. Applying this theorem to the independence complex of $G$, we deduce the following characterization of Gorenstein
graphs. The details of the proof can be found in \cite{alpha=3}.
\begin{thm}\label{goren graphs}
Suppose that $G$ is a graph without isolated vertices. Then $G$ is Gorenstein over $K$ if and only if  $G$ is CM over $K$,
$I(G,-1)= (-1)^{\alpha(G)}$ and $\b {G_F}$ is a cycle of length at least $4$ for each independent set $F$ of $G$ with
size $\alpha(G)-2$. In particular, if $\alpha(G)=2$, then $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  $G$ is the complement of a cycle.
\end{thm}

The above results can be applied to see that there are few Gorenstein graphs in many well-known classes of graphs. For
example, let $G=K_n$ (the complete graph on $n$ vertices) for $n\geq 2$. Then $I(G,x)=1+nx$ and $\alpha(G)=-1$. Thus by
\pref{goren graphs}, $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  $n=2$. Therefore, the only Gorenstein complete graphs are $K_2$ and $K_1$.
Also it follows from \cite[Corollary 9.1.14]{hibi} and \cite{very well} that every CM bipartite graph and every CM very
well-covered graph (that is, a well-covered graph $G$ with $|\mathrm{V}(G)|= 2\alpha(G)$) has a vertex of degree 1, hence by
\pref{W2}, we see that the only connected Gorenstein bipartite or very well-covered graphs are $K_2$ and $K_1$. Also if
$G$ is  an $n$-cycle for $n\geq 3$, then $G$ is W$_2$ only if $n=3$ or $n=5$ and it follows from \pref{goren graphs},
that the only Gorenstein cycle is $C_5$. In the next section, we search for Gorenstein graphs in two other classes of
graphs, namely, $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs and circulant graphs.

                    \section{Gorenstein circulant and $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs}
In this section, we recall the definition of circulant and $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs and characterize Gorenstein $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs and
Gorenstein circulant graphs with certain conditions. First, we consider circulant graphs. Suppose that $n\geq 3$ and
$S\subseteq \{1,\ldots,\floor{n/2}\}$. Then the \emph{circulant graph} $C_n(S)$ is the graph with vertex set $[n]$ such that
${i,j}$ is an edge of $C_n(S)$ if and only if $\min\{|i-j|, n-|i-j|\} \in S$. In other words, assuming that $i>j$, the
vertices $i$ and $j$ are adjacent if and only if  $i-j\in S\cup (n-S)$, where by $n-S$ we mean $\{n-s|s\in S\}$. In
\cite{circulant}, well-covered circulant graphs are studied and in \cite{CM circulant}, CM circulant graphs with degree
3 and CM circulant graphs of the form $C_n(1,\ldots, d)$ are characterized. Here we characterize Gorenstein circulant
graphs with degree $\leq 4$ and Gorenstein circulant graphs of the form $C_n(1,\ldots, d)$.

\begin{thm}\label{Cn(1..d)}
Assume that $n\geq 3$, $d\leq \floor{n/2}$ and $K$ is an arbitrary field and let $G=C_n(1,\ldots, d)$. Then $G$ is
Gorenstein (over $K$) if and only if  $n=2d+3$.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
If $\alpha(G)=1$, then $G$ is a complete graph. But no complete graph on more than two vertices is Gorenstein. So
$\alpha(G)\geq 2$. Note that each vertex of $G$ is adjacent exactly to the (cyclically) next and  previous $d$
vertices. Thus the set $A_t=\{1,d+2,2d+3, \ldots, 1+t(d+1)\}$ is an independent set of $G$, if $1+t(d+1)\leq n-d$ and
is a maximal independent set if $t=t_0=\floor{(n-d-1)/(d+1)}$. Since $G$ is well-covered, $t_0=\alpha(G)$. Assume that
$\alpha(G)\geq 3$. Set $x=1+t_0(d+1)$ and $F=A_{t_0}\setminus \{1,x\}$. Then by \pref{goren graphs} $\b{G_F}$ is a cycle, that
is each vertex of $G_F$ is adjacent to all except two other vertices of $G_F$. Note that $G_F$ is the induced subgraph
of $G$ on vertices $x,x+1, \ldots, n, 1$. Since the vertices of $G_F$ which are not adjacent to 1 are $x, x+1, \ldots,
n-d$, we conclude that $n-d=x+1$ (see \pref{fig-Cn}). But then $x+1$ is adjacent to all vertices of $G_F$, except 1
which is a contradiction. Consequently, $\alpha(G)=2$ and by \pref{goren graphs}, $\bar{G}$ is a cycle. Thus degree of
each vertex of $G$ which is $2d$ must equal $n-3$, that is, $n=2d+3$ as required. Conversely, if $n=2d+3$, then $G$ is
the complement of cycle and hence Gorenstein.
\end{proof}

\begin{figure}[!ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics{Cn_1tod.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{The graphs $G$ and $G_F$ in the proof of \pref{Cn(1..d)}; the dashed part is not in $G_F$} \label{fig-Cn}
\end{figure}

Now we are going to characterize Gorenstein circulant graphs with vertex degree $\leq 4$. Note that  the only circulant
graphs with degree $1$ are $C_{2n}(n)$ which are disjoint unions of a set of edges and hence are Gorenstein. Also
connected circulant graphs with vertex degree $2$ are exactly the cycles $C_n$ which are Gorenstein if and only if  $n=5$. In
\cite{CM circulant}, CM graphs with vertex degree 3 are characterized. Using their results we get the following. Note
that Gorenstein graphs with vertex degree $3$ are $C_{2n}(a,n)$ for some $1\leq a<n$.

\begin{thm}\label{cubic Goren circulant}
The circulant graph $G=C_{2n}(a,n)$ with $1\leq a<n$ is Gorenstein if and only if  $2n/\gcd(a,2n)=3$. In this case, $G$ is
isomorphic to a disjoint copies of complement of a 6-cycle.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
Let $t=\gcd(a,2n)$ and assume that $G$ is Gorenstein. Since $G$ is CM and according to \cite[Theorem 5.5]{CM
circulant}, we get that $2n/t=3$ or $2n/t=4$. If $2n/t=4$, then by \cite[Theorem 5.3]{CM circulant}, $G$ is isomorphic
to $t$ copies of $C_4(1,2)=K_4$ which is not Gorenstein. So $2n/t=3$. Conversely, if $2n/t=3$, then by \cite[Theorem
5.3]{CM circulant}, $G$ is isomorphic to $t/2$ copies of $C_6(2,3)=\b{C_6}$ which is Gorenstein according to
\pref{goren graphs}.
\end{proof}

It remains to characterize circulant graphs with vertex degree equal to 4. These graphs are $C_n(a,b)$ with $1\leq
a<b<n/2$. For this, we need several lemmas. In the sequel, we always assume that $1\leq a<b<n/2$. It should be
mentioned that in what follows we have checked that some specific graphs are Gorenstein or W$_2$ or \ldots, using the
computer algebra system Macaulay 2 \cite{M2}.

\begin{lem}\label{W2lem}
Suppose that $B$ is an independent set of $G$ and $v\in B$. If $B\cap \mathrm{N}_G(x)\neq \{v\}$ for each $x\in \mathrm{N}_G(v)$, then
$G$ is not W$_2$.
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
Suppose that $G$ is W$_2$. By replacing $B$ with a maximum independent set of $G$ containing $B$, we can assume that
$B$ is an independent set of size $\alpha(G)$. Let $A_1=\{v\}$ and $A_2=B\setminus  \{v\}$. Since $G$ is W$_2$, there are
disjoint maximum independent sets $B_1$ and $B_2$ containing $A_1$ and $A_2$, respectively. Assume that
$B_2=A_2\cup\{x\}$. As $x\notin B_1$, we have $x\neq v$. If $x$ is not adjacent to $v$, then since $B$ is a maximum
independent set of $G$, $x$ is adjacent to some vertex of $B\setminus \{v\}=A_2\subseteq B_2$, which contradicts independency of
$B_2$. Thus $x$ is adjacent to $v$. Hence by assumption, there is a vertex $y\in B\cap \mathrm{N}_G(x)$, with $y\neq v$. Again
$y\in A_2\subseteq B_2$ and we get a contradiction. Consequently, $G$ is not W$_2$.
\end{proof}
\begin{lem}\label{gcd n,a,b=1}
Suppose that $G=C_n(a,b)$ and $d|n$ $d|a$ and $d|b$. Then $G$ is isomorphic to $d$ disjoint copies of
$C_{n/d}(a/d,b/d)$.
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
For each $0\leq i<d$, let $V_i=\{v\in \mathrm{V}(G)| v\equiv i \mod{d}\}$. Note that for each such $i$, we have
$|(kd+i)-(k'd+i)| \in \{a,b\}$ if and only if  $|(k-k')|\in \{a/d,b/d\}$. Thus the induced subgraph of $G$ on each $V_i$ is
isomorphic to $C_{n/d}(a/d,b/d)$ and it is clear that there is no edge in $G$ between $V_i$ and $V_j$ for $i\neq j$ and
the result follows.
\end{proof}

Note that when $\gcd(n,a)=1$, then $a$ has a multiplicative inverse modulo $n$, which we denote by $a^{-1}$.
\begin{lem}\label{gcd n,a=1}
If $\gcd(n,a)=1$ (resp. $\gcd(n,b)=1$), then $C_n(a,b)$ is isomorphic to $C_n(1,d)$ with $d=\min\{a^{-1}b \mod{n},
-a^{-1}b \mod{n}\}$ (resp. $d=\min\{b^{-1}a \mod{n}, -b^{-1}a \mod{n}\}$).
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
Assume that $\gcd(n,a)=1$ (the proof for $\gcd(n,b)=1$ is similar). So $a$ has an inverse modulo $n$ and $d$ is
well-defined and the ``$\min$'' in the definition of $d$ guarantees $d< n/2$ . For each $i\in \mathrm{V}(C_n(1,d))$ set
$\phi(i)=1+(i-1)a \mod{n}$ and consider $\phi$ as a map $C_n(1,d)\to C_n(a,b)$. If for $1\leq i,i'\leq n$ we have
$\phi(i)=\phi(i')$, then $i\equiv i' \mod{n}$ (because $a$ is invertible modulo $n$) and hence $i=i'$. Thus $\phi$ is
one-to-one and onto. Also it is easy to verify that $\phi(i)$ and $\phi(i+1)$ and also $\phi(i)$ and $\phi(i+d)$are
adjacent in $C_n(a,b)$ (where we compute $i+1$ or $i+d$ modulo $n$, if $i+1>n$ or $i+d>n$, respectively). Since the two
graphs have the same number of edges, it follows that $\phi$ is an isomorphism.
\end{proof}

\begin{lem}\label{W2Cn1,2}
For $n\geq 4$, the graph $G=C_n(1,2)$ is W$_2$ if and only if  $n\in \{4,5,7,8\}$.
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
Suppose that $G$ is W$_2$ and hence well-covered. By \cite[Theorem 4.1]{circulant} we have $n\leq  8$ or $n=11$. One
can check that for $n=6$ or $11$, $G$ is not W$_2$ and for the other possible $n$'s, $G$ is W$_2$.
\end{proof}

Now we can characterize Gorenstein and W$_2$ circulant graphs of degree 4.
\begin{thm}\label{circulant 4 main}
Suppose that $1\leq a <b <n/2$. The graph $C_n(a,b)$ is Gorenstein (over $K$) if and only if  $(n,a,b)\in \mathcal{A}$ where
\begin{align}
 \mathcal{A}= \{&(7d,d,2d), (7d,d,3d), (7d,2d,3d), (13d,d,5d), \notag\\
  & (13d,2d,3d),(13d,4d,6d)|d\in \mathbb{N}\}. \notag
\end{align}
Also $C_n(a,b)$ is W$_2$ if and only if
$$(n,a,b)\in \mathcal{A}\cup\{(5d,d,2d), (8d, d,2d), (8d, 2d, 3d)|d\in \mathbb{N}\}.$$
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
Assume that $G$ is W$_2$. By using \pref{gcd n,a,b=1}, we assume that $\gcd(n,a,b)=1$ (which corresponds to $d=1$).
First we prove the following claim.

\paragraph{\emph{Claim}.} One of the following relations hold: $n=2a+b$ or $n=a+2b$ or $n=2a+3b$ or $n=3a+2b$ or
$2n=2a+3b$ or $2n=3a+2b$.

\subparagraph{\it Proof of Claim.} Let $B=\{1,1+a+b,n-a- b+1\}$. Note that vertices $1+a$ and $1+b$ are adjacent to
$1+a+b$ and vertices $n-a+1$ and $n-b+1$ are adjacent to $n-a-b+1$, thus every neighbor of $1$ has a neighbor in
$B\setminus \{1\}$. If $B$ is independent, then by \pref{W2lem} with $v=1$, we deduce that $G$ is not W$_2$. Therefore $B$ is
not independent. Suppose that $1+a+b\in \mathrm{N}(1)$. Then as $1+a+b>1$, we should have either $a+b\in \{a,b\}$ (which is not
possible) or $a+b\in \{n-a,n-b\}$. The latter condition is equivalent to either $n=2a+b$ or $n=a+2b$. Similarly if
$n-a-b+1\in \mathrm{N}(1)$, then again either $n=2a+b$ or $n=a+2b$.

Now assume that $1+a+b\in \mathrm{N}(n-a-b+1)$. If $1+a+b<n-a-b+1$, then $n-2a-2b\in \{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$ which implies that either
$n=2a+3b$ or $n=3a+2b$. Finally if $n-a-b+1<1+a+b$, then we must have $2a+2b-n\in \{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$, that is, either
$n=a+2b$ or $n=2a+b$ or $2n=3a+2b$ or $2n=2a+3b$. This concludes the proof of the claim. Now we consider several cases.

\paragraph{\emph{Case 1:} \it $n=2a+b$ or $n=a+2b$.} Assume that $n=a+2b$ and let $d=\gcd(n,b)$. Then $d|a$ and hence
$d=\gcd(n,a,b)=1$. Note that $a\equiv 2b \mod{n}$ and hence $b^{-1}a \equiv 2 \mod{n}$. Thus according to \pref{gcd
n,a=1}, $G$ is isomorphic to $C_n(1,2)$. Also if $n=2a+b$, a similar argument shows that $G\cong C_n(1,2)$. Note that
since degree of each vertex in $G$ is 4, $n\geq 5$. Therefore, it follows from \pref{W2Cn1,2}, that $n\in\{5,7,8\}$.
Consequently, in this case $G$ is W$_2$ if and only if  $(n,a,b)$ equals one of the following: $(5,1,2)$, $(7,1,3)$, $(7,2,3)$ or
$(8,2,3)$. Moreover, according to \pref{Cn(1..d)}, in this case $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  $n=7$.

\paragraph{\emph{Case 2:} \it $n=2a+3b$.} Consider $B=\{1,1+2a, 1+b-a, n-a-b+1\}$. Every neighbor of 1 has a neighbor
in $B\setminus \{1\}$. Hence by \pref{W2lem}, $B$ is not independent. If $1+2a \in \mathrm{N}(1)$, then $2a\in \{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$. The
only possible case is that $2a=b$ (for example, if $2a=n-a$, then by replacing $n$ with $2a+3b$, it follows that
$a=3b$, which contradicts $a<b$). But then $n=8a$ and hence $a=\gcd(n,a,b)=1$, that is, $(n,a,b)=(8,1,2)$. Note that
$C_8(1,2)$ is W$_2$ but not Gorenstein, according to \pref{Cn(1..d)} and \pref{W2Cn1,2}. If $1+b-a\in \mathrm{N}(1)$, then
again the only possible case is $b-a=a$ which leads to $(n,a,b)=(8,1,2)$ as above. Also note that if $n-a-b+1\in
\mathrm{N}(1)$, then by the proof of the claim above, $n=2a+b$ or $n=a+2b$ which contradicts the assumption of this case.

Now assume $1+2a$ and $1+b-a$ are adjacent. If $1+b-a> 1+2a$, then we have $b-3a\in\{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$. But the only
possible case is $b-3a=a$, or equivalently $b=4a$. Similar to the case $b=2a$, we see that $a=\gcd(n,a,b)$=1 and
$(n,a,b)=(14,1,4)$. But $C_{14}(1,4)$ is not W$_2$. If $1+b-a<1+2a$, then we have $3a-b\in \{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$. It follows
that either $b=2a$ or $2b=3a$. The former case was dealt above. In the latter case, we have $b=3t$ for some integer $t$
and $a=2t$, hence $n=13t$ and $t=\gcd(n,a,b)=1$, that is, $(n,a,b)=(13,2,3)$. Using Macaulay 2, we see that
$C_{13}(2,3)$ is W$_2$. Also no two neighbors of 1 in $C_{13}(2,3)$ are adjacent, which means, 1 is not in any triangle
of $C_{13}(2,3)$. But circulant graphs are vertex transitive and hence $C_{13}(2,3)$ is triangle-free and Gorenstein by
\pref{W2}\pref{tri-free Goren}.

Finally, noting that $\max\{1+2a, 1+b-a\}< n-b-a+1= a+2b+1$, we see that $\{1+2a,1+b-a\} \cap \mathrm{N}(n-b-a+1)\neq \emptyset$
if and only if  $2a+b$ or $2b-a$ are in $\{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$. But all of these cases lead to contradictions with $1\leq a<b<n/2$ and
are not possible. Consequently, under the assumption of case 2, $G$ is W$_2$ if and only if  $(n,a,b)$ is $(8,1,2)$ or $(13,2,3)$
and only in the latter case $G$ is Gorenstein.

\paragraph{\emph{Case 3:} \it $n=3a+2b$.} Consider $B=\{1, 1+b-a, 1+b+a, n-b+a+1\}$. By \pref{W2lem}, $B$ is not
independent. Note that $v_1=1< v_2=1+b-a< v_3=1+b+a<v_4=n-b+a+1=1+4a+b$. Thus there are some $i$ and $j$ such that
$1\leq i<j\leq 4$ and  $v_j-v_i\in \{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$. Writing down all of these equations for $1\leq i<j\leq 4$ and
ruling out those which contradict $1\leq a<b<n/2$, we deduce that either $b=2a$ or $b=3a$ or $b=5a$ or $2b=3a$. Similar
to the above argument, in the first three cases, it follows that $a=\gcd(n,a,b)=1$ and in the last case
$a/2=b/3=\gcd(n,a,b)=1$. Therefore, $(n,a,b)$ is one of the following: $(7,1,2)$ or $(9,1,3)$ or $(13,1,5)$ or
$(12,2,3)$. Using Macaulay 2, we see that $G$ is W$_2$ only in the cases $(n,a,b)\in \{(7,1,2), (13,1,5)\}$. Also
$C_7(1,2)$ is Gorenstein by \pref{Cn(1..d)} and $C_{13}(1,5)$ is Gorenstein, because it is triangle-free and W$_2$.

\paragraph{\emph{Case 4:} \it $2n=2a+3b$.} First note that in this case $b$ is even and we have $b<2a$ (else
$n\leq 3b/2+b/2= 2b$, contradicting $b<n/2$). Let $B=\{1, 1+b-a, n-b-a+1=1+b/2, 1+2a\}$. By \pref{W2lem}, $B$ is not
independent and hence the difference of two of the elements of $B$ should be in $\{a,b,n-b,n-a\}$. The equations that
can be derived from this point and not contradicting $1\leq a<b<\min\{n/2,2a\}$ are: $3a=2b$, $4a=3b$ or $6a=5b$.
Assume that $3a=2b$, then $a=2t$ and $b=3t$. Since $b$ is even, $t=2t'$ and hence $n=a+3b/2=13t'$. Since
$t'=\gcd(n,a,b)=1$, we deduce that $(n,a,b)=(13,4,6)$. By a similar argument in other cases we have $(n,a,b)=(9,3,4)$
or $(14,5,6)$. Neither $C_{14}(5,6)$ nor $C_9(3,4)$ is W$_2$. Consequently, $G$ is W$_2$ if and only if  $(n,a,b)=(13,4,6)$ and
if this is the case, then $G$ is also Gorenstein, because $C_{13}(4,6)$ is triangle-free.

\paragraph{\emph{Case 5:} \it $2n=3a+2b$.} In this case, $a$ is even and $b<3a/2$. Let $B=\{1< 1+b-a< 1+n-b-a= 1+a/2<
1+5a/2\}$. Note that $(1+5a/2)-(1+a)=n-b$ and hence $1+a$ is adjacent to $1+5a/2$. Similarly, each other neighbor of
$1$ is adjacent to an element of $B\setminus \{1\}$. If $B$ is not independent, then the difference of two of its members
should be in $\{a,b,n-a,n-b\}$. But all of the equations that follow from this, contradict $1\leq
a<b<\min\{3a/2,n/2\}$. Hence $B$ is independent and by \pref{W2lem}, $G$ is not W$_2$, that is, this case is not
possible. This completes the proof of the theorem.
\end{proof}

We can simplify the above theorem, noting that several of the graphs in that theorem are isomorphic.
\begin{cor}
Let $G$ be a circulant graph with vertex degree $4$. Then $G$ is W$_2$ if and only if  $G$ is isomorphic to disjoint copies of
one of the following graphs: $C_7(1,2), C_{13}(1,5), C_5(1,2), C_8(1,2)$. Moreover, $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  it is
isomorphic to a disjoint copies of $C_7(1,2)$ or to a disjoint copies of $C_{13}(1,5)$.
\end{cor}
\begin{proof}
Note that using \pref{gcd n,a=1}, we get $C_{13}(2,3)\cong C_{13}(4,6)\cong C_{13}(1,5)$, $C_7(1,2)\cong C_7(2,3)\cong
C_7(1,3)$ and $C_8(2,3)\cong C_8(1,2)$. Now the result follows from \pref{circulant 4 main} and \pref{gcd n,a,b=1}.
\end{proof}

Suppose that $H$ is a graph and $t\in \mathbb{N}$. By $tH$ we mean the graph consisting of $t$ disjoint copies of $H$.
Summarizing our results on Gorenstein circulant graphs, we get the following.
\begin{cor}
Suppose that $G$ is a circulant graph with vertex degree $\leq 4$ or a circulant graph of the form $C_n(1,\ldots, d)$
for some $d\leq n/2$. Then $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  $G\cong tK_2$, $G\cong t\b{C_n}$ or $G\cong tC_{13}(1,5)$ for some
$t\in \mathbb{N}$ and $4\leq n\in \mathbb{N}$.
\end{cor}

Next we consider $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs. Our interest in $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs arise form the fact that these graphs are CM and also every
CM graph with girth at least 5 or every CM graphs which does not contain any cycles of length 4 or 5 is in the class
$\mathcal{SQC}$, see \cite{large girth}. We recall the definition of $\mathcal{SQC}$\ graphs from \cite{block cactus}. By a \emph{simplicial
vertex} of $G$, we mean a vertex $v$ such that $\mathrm{N}_G[v]$ is complete and in this case we call $\mathrm{N}_G[v]$ a \emph{simplex
of $G$}. Furthermore, a 5-cycle $C$ of $G$ is called a\emph{ basic 5-cycle} when $C$ does not contain two adjacent
vertices both with degree more than 2. Also a 4-cycle $C$ is said to be\emph{ basic}, if it contains two adjacent
vertices of degree 2 and the two other vertices of $C$ each belong to a simplex or to a basic 5-cycle. For a basic
4-cycle $C$ we denote the set of degree 2 vertices of $C$ by $\mathrm{B}(C)$ and call them \emph{basic vertices} of $C$. If
there are simplices $S_1, \ldots, S_m$, basic 5-cycles $C_1, \ldots, C_t$ and basic 4-cycles $Q_1, \ldots, Q_r$ of $G$
such that
\begin{equation}\label{eq1}
\mathrm{V}(G)=\bigcup_{i=1}^m S_i \cup \bigcup_{i=1}^t \mathrm{V}(C_j) \cup \bigcup_{i=1}^r \mathrm{B}(Q_i)\qquad \hfill \tag{$*$}
\end{equation}
is a partition of $\mathrm{V}(G)$, we say that $G$ is in the class $\mathcal{SQC}$\ (or simply, $G$ is $\mathcal{SQC}$) and call \pref{eq1} a
\emph{$\mathcal{SQC}$\ partition} of $\mathrm{V}(G)$. Note that in this case, $G$ is well-covered and has independence number equal to
$m+2t+r$ (see \cite[Theorem 3.1]{block cactus}).

\begin{thm}\label{SQC}
Suppose that $G$ has no isolated vertex and is in the class $\mathcal{SQC}$. Then $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  each component of $G$ is
either an edge or a 5-cycle.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
Since $G$ is Gorenstein if and only if  all of its components are so, we assume that $G$ is connected. Suppose that \pref{eq1} is
a $\mathcal{SQC}$\ partition of $\mathrm{V}(G)$. First note that $r=0$, since by \cite[Theorem 2]{pinter1} every vertex of a 4-cycle of
$G$ has degree at least 4 and $G$ cannot have any basic 4-cycles. Suppose that $S_i=\mathrm{N}[x_i]$. If $\deg(x_i)=1$ for some
$i$, then it follows from \pref{W2} that $G$ is just an edge. Thus assume that $\deg(x_i)\geq 2$ for each $i$.

Suppose that $m>1$. Note that in each basic 5-cycle of an arbitrary graph, there exist at least two non-adjacent
vertices of degree two. Let $F$ be the independent set consisting of $x_3,\ldots,x_m$ and two non-adjacent vertices of
degree two from each $C_i$. Then $|F|=\alpha(G)-2$ and by \pref{goren graphs} $\b{G_F}$ is a cycle. But as $x_1$ is not
adjacent to $N_G[x_2]$ in $G$ and $N_G[x_2]\subseteq \mathrm{V}(G_F)$, we see that $\deg_{\b{G_F}}(x_1)\geq |\mathrm{N}_G[x_2]|\geq 3$, which
is a contradiction. If $m=1$, then $t>0$, else $G$ is a complete graph on at least 3 vertices and is not Gorenstein.
Let $F$ be the independent set consisting of one degree 2 vertex of $C_1$, say $y$, and two non-adjacent vertices of
degree 2 from each $C_j$ with $j>1$. Again $\b{G_F}$ should be a cycle but $deg_{\b{G_F}}(y)\geq |\mathrm{N}_G[x_1]|\geq 3$.
Therefore, we conclude that $m=0$.

Now suppose that $t\geq 2$. Because $G$ is connected, there is an edge between two vertices of two of the $C_i$'s, say
vertices $y_1$ and $y_2$ of $C_1$ and $C_2$, respectively. At least one of the vertices of $C_1$ which are not adjacent
to $y_1$ has degree 2, because $C_1$ is basic; call this vertex $y'_1$. Let $F$ to be the independent set containing
$y'_1,y_2$ and two non-adjacent vertices of degree 2 from each of the $C_i$ for $i>2$. Then $G_F$ is the disjoint union
of an edge and an isolated vertex which is not the complement of a cycle. This contradicts \pref{goren graphs} and we
conclude that $t=1$. Consequently, either $G= C_1$ is a 5-cycle, or $G$ is obtained from $C_1$ by adding one edge. In
the latter case, by applying \pref{goren graphs}, we see that $G$ is not Gorenstein and the result follows.
\end{proof}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Married two-time Olympic downhill skier Andy Mill on July 30, 1988...Gave birth to sons Alexander James (October 12, 1991), Nicholas Joseph (June 8, 1994), and Colton Jack (June 14, 1996) in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida...Whole family is involved in tennis; mother, Colette, is a club player; father, Jimmy, retired in 1997 from teaching at Holiday Park in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, where he instructed his children: Jeanne, born in 1957, was a touring pro; Clare, born in 1968, played collegiate tennis for Southern Methodist University; eldest brother Drew, born in 1953, played varsity tennis at Auburn University and was a teaching pro; younger brother John, born in 1961, played varsity tennis at Auburn and works in the tennis industry...Two books include the autobiography Chrissie (written with Neil Amdur), published in 1982, and Lloyd on Lloyd (co-authored with John Lloyd in collaboration with Carol Thatcher), released in June 1986...Likes to visit Paris and The Great Barrier Reef in Hamilton Island...On November 11, 1989, was first female sports celebrity to guest host the American comedy television show Saturday Night Live...Featured on front of Wheaties cereal box in 1987...Hosted Chris Evert Special on prime-time television...Emerged as the most widely known athlete in the nation in a poll conducted by American Sports Data, Inc. in 1991.
Winner (154 WTA Tour): 1971 - St. Petersburg, Charlotte, Tulsa, South Orange; 1972 - Virginia Slims Championships, Fort Lauderdale, Queen's Club, US Clay Courts; 1973 - Virginia Slims Championships, Akron, Johannesburg, New York Indoors, Sarasota, Atlanta, Miami, St. Petersburg, Cleveland, Columbus, Fort Lauderdale, US Clay Courts; 1974 - Roland Garros, Wimbledon, Rome, Hilton Head, US Clay Courts, Mission Viejo, Fort Lauderdale, Sarasota, St. Petersburg, Dallas, Houston, Newport, Eastbourne, Canadian Open, Tokyo Gunze, Hilton Head Invitational; 1975 - Roland Garros, US Open, Rome, Hilton Head Invitational, San Francisco, US Clay Courts, Atlanta, Houston, Amelia Island (FC Cup), Virginia Slims Championships, Orlando, Akron, L'Eggs Classic-Austin TX, Rye [New York], Palm Springs, Tokyo Gunze ; 1976 - Wimbledon, US Open, San Francisco, Eastbourne, Washington DC, Detroit, Phoenix, L'Eggs Classic-Austin TX, Sarasota, Colgate Series Championships, Tokyo Gunze, Amelia Island; 1977 - US Open, Virginia Slims Championships, Colgate Series Championships, Hilton Head, Atlanta, Los Angeles, Chicago, Seattle, Hollywood [Florida], Philadelphia, Tucson; 1978 - US Open, Colgate Series Championships, Hilton Head, Atlanta, Minnesota, Philadelphia, Tokyo Emeron Cup; 1979 - Roland Garros, US Clay Courts, Eastbourne, Los Angeles, Seattle, Clairol Crown-La Costa, Vienna, Mahwah; 1980 - Roland Garros, US Open, Rome, US Clay Courts, Canadian Open, Brighton, Deerfield Beach, Chichester; 1981 - Wimbledon, Rome, Hilton Head, Amelia Island, Swiss Open, Boston, Deerfield Beach, Clairol Crown-La Costa, Sydney; 1982 - Australian Open, US Open, Rome, Atlanta, Amelia Island, Swiss Open, Deerfield Beach, Tokyo Lions Cup, Palm Beach Gardens, Tampa; 1983 - Roland Garros, Berlin, Amelia Island, Brighton, Palm Beach Gardens, Deerfield Beach; 1984 - Australian Open, Hilton Head, Canadian Open, Los Angeles, Key Biscayne, Johannesburg; 1985 - Roland Garros, Berlin, Hilton Head, Tokyo Lions Cup, Canadian Open, Newport, Brighton, Palm Beach Gardens, Key Biscayne, New Orleans; 1986 - Roland Garros, Miami, Key Biscayne, Oakland, Houston, Orlando; 1987 - European Open, Tampa, Houston, Dallas, New Orleans; 1988 - Los Angeles, Houston, New Orleans, Tampa.
Winner (8): 1987 - Tampa (w/Turnbull); 1979 - Oakland (w/Casals), Los Angeles (w/Casals); 1976 - Wimbledon (w/Navratilova); 1975 - Roland Garros (w/Navratilova), Rome (w/Navratilova); 1974 - Roland Garros (w/Morozova), Rome (w/Morozova).
United States Fed Cup Team 1977-82, 86-87, 89. United States Wightman Cup Team 1971-73, 75-82, 84-85. United States Olympic Team 1988.
WTA legends pay tribute along with other sporting stars.
Evert and Navratilova: Who will win their maiden Grand Slam in 2019?
Evert & Navratilova: Who will end 2019 as World No.1?
Evert & Navratilova: Best serve of 2018?
Evert & Navratilova: Who's impressed you most in 2018?
Evert & Navratilova: Best forehand of 2018?
Serena Williams and other stars of the WTA were enthralled by a remarkable sporting comeback in Augusta.


text:
A Benchmark Battle Broadens
Larry Ellison offered $1 million to anyone who could run Microsoft Corp.'s SQL Server 7.0 at a rate 1 percent as fast as an Oracle Corp. database on a single benchmark query.
Between his verbal jabs against Microsoft during a November speech at Fall Comdex, when he made the challenge, the Oracle CEO offered an aside on IBM Corp.'s flagship database, calling DB2 "a very good product."
Now it seems the peripheral IBM, which trails the other two vendors markedly in database sales on Windows NT, did something interesting. IBM beat Oracle's Unix-run benchmark with DB2 on Windows NT in a 32-node configuration.
Oracle's challenge required a run of the Transaction Processing Council's (www.tpc.org) TPC-D Query No. 5 on 1 terabyte of data in less than two hours, about 100 times the 71 seconds it took Oracle to run the query. IBM says its DB2 Universal Database dispatched the query in less than a second.
Oracle released its results in early November. Its $9.7 million, 64-processor system ran on Sun Solaris 2.6 and Starfire Enterprise 10000 hardware. IBM released results from its $6.1 million, 128-processor system in January. Microsoft, which claimed to be working on the challenge, has not released results on SQL Server yet.
The Leaders of the Terabyte Test
System Cost
# of CPU's
IBM DB2 UDB 5.2 Netfinity 7000 M10 $6.1 Million Intel PII 450 MHz 128
Oracle Oracle8.1.5 Starfire Enterprise 10000 $9.7 Million Sun UltraSPARC 336MHz 64
The Oracle challenge appears to be intended to skewer Microsoft's suggestion that SQL Server 7.0, released in November, is ready for the highest end of database applications. But the Oracle-SQL Server 7.0 debate is as much about platform as database architecture. Oracle takes advantage of the more mature Unix platform; SQL Server runs only in Windows.
Like many analysts, Al Hilwa of GartnerGroup (www.gartner.com) typically ignores benchmark results, which he views as hype.
Hilwa attaches little importance to IBM's achieving the results on Windows NT while Oracle, which can run on Windows NT, chose to hurl its challenge from a Unix test run. "Oracle presents [its] Unix ports of Oracle as a feature," Hilwa says. "Even if you buy Oracle on NT, the fact that Oracle on Unix is there is a feature of the product."
Although SQL Server doesn't support scalability clusters and probably won't for another two years, according to Hilwa, the benchmark is, in essence, meaningless. Only a handful of implementations worldwide have use for a query as massive as the benchmark.
"The crucial question is, with all its limitations, how far can NT reach up that percentage of application requirements that people have? The answer is quite far," Hilwa says. "It's going to meet the requirements of a surprisingly large number of people out there, with all its flaws."


text:
Q: I some how lost my vim in ubuntu After messing stuff up trying to install/uninstall some plugins I hosed up vim completey. Running ubuntu server (no gui) how can I get back vim to the way it was originally installed with ubuntu (including any links).
$> sudo dpkg --get-selections
...
uuid-runtime                                    install
vim-common                                      deinstall
vim-runtime                                     deinstall
vim-tiny                                        deinstall
vsftpd                                          install
...
Hoping there's a way to just install those (and anything else that might be missing)
Things that didn't work:
$> apt-get install vim-full
$> dpkg --get-selections > selections
$> dpkg --set-selections < selections
$> aptitude reinstall '~pstandard'
(after which I still see)
...
uuid-runtime                                    install
vim-common                                      deinstall
vim-runtime                                     deinstall
vim-tiny                                        deinstall
vsftpd                                          install
...
After that I still see just
a049212@ubuntu-rails:~$ sudo find / -type f -iname 'vim'
/usr/share/gettext/styles/po-vim.css
/usr/share/man/man5/apparmor.vim.5.gz
/var/cache/apt/archives/vim-common_2%3a7.2.245-2ubuntu2_i386.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/vim_2%3a7.2.245-2ubuntu2_i386.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/vim-runtime_2%3a7.2.245-2ubuntu2_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/vim-tiny_2%3a7.2.245-2ubuntu2_i386.deb
/var/lib/dpkg/info/vim-common.postrm
/var/lib/dpkg/info/vim-runtime.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/vim-tiny.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/vim-runtime.postrm
/var/lib/dpkg/info/vim-common.list

A: Things I would try:
aptitude reinstall vim
If that doesn't work:
aptitude install vim-tiny ; aptitude purge vim ; aptitude install vim

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Collaborative law is a relatively a new concept.
Both parties with their legal representatives meet together in the same room to discuss matters including the finances and children, to ensure that any decisions made are best for the family overall despite the fact of the separation.
You must be committed to the process and confirm that you will not take the matter to Court.
There are a handful of trained lawyers in the North East who can offer this service and we are one of them.


Two North East industry chiefs have been named among the top 100 manufacturing leaders in the country, following recommendations from industry peers. Gaining recognition in The Manufacturer's Top 100 report are Richard Swart, UK MD of Durham-based Berger Group Europe, and Matt Boyle, CEO of Tyneside-based low carbon vehicle firm Sevcon. The awards were announced during a drinks reception at Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery.
South African-born Richard has supported the global export ambitions of hundreds of businesses and is a committed ambassador for his adopted North East. He is chairman of international trade with the North East England Chamber of Commerce and has been instrumental in improving the fortunes of German-owned stock-listed Berger.
Matt Boyle joined Sevcon in 1996 as chief operating officer and was made CEO a year later. The Gateshead company designs and manufactures high quality motor controllers and system components for all kinds of hybrid and electric vehicles with partners ranging from super car makers to fork lift truck, bus and electric motorcycle manufacturers.
Matt commented: "This award is testament to the efforts of the Sevcon team. We're a business with a proud history of innovation and manufacturing excellence.
"Our focus is fixed firmly on the future and the global electrification transition. We are at the forefront of this ongoing shift from the internal combustion engine to electric vehicles and our exciting future plans aim to ensure we maintain our market-leading position."
Max Roberts, vice president and UK leader of manufacturing & automotive, salesforce, and TM Top 100 judge 2016, added: "The individuals showcased in The Manufacturer Top 100 are changing the face of British manufacturing and redefining the industrial landscape as we know it.
"Their innovation is pioneering new ways of engagement, and together with these visionaries, we can provide the tools required to write our future.


text:
Frederick Bridges (1840–1904) was an Australian educationalist and former chief inspector of schools.

Early life
Born in Windsor, New South Wales on 2 February 1840, Bridges was brought to Sydney as an infant. He was the son of a Scottish-born stonemason brought to Sydney by John Dunmore Lang and his wife. He was educated at the Fort Street Model School and was one of its first pupils.

Educationalist work
Bridges became the first pupil-teacher trained by the Board of National Education who was a man. He began to work for the Board in 1852 and after four years became an assistant in Sydney schools. He became the headmaster of Balmain Public School in 1861, of Mudgee High School in 1863, of Cleveland Street Intensive English High School in 1865, and of Fort Street Model School in 1867. He remained at the last of these until his appointment as a school inspector in 1876. He was the inspector of schools in Wellington and Bathurst. In 1884, he became the deputy chief inspector; in 1889, superintendent of technical education; in 1894, chief inspector of schools and under-secretary in 1903.

During his tenure, state aid for religious schools was revoked, the education system became more centralised, and state provision was given to secondary and technical education. Although involved in these branches, Bridges was mainly focused on public elementary education.

At a conference in April 1904 discussing a report made by Sir George Handley Knibbs and J. W. Turner on the educational system, he opposed several resolutions which were designed to replace the pupil-teacher system with one of pre-service teacher education; however, this was passed without consent among conference voters.

Death
On 16 November 1904, Bridges died of diabetes. His funeral was attended by many in the profession and a memorial was later erected in his honour in Gore Hill Cemetery.

See also
 Eucalyptus bridgesiana, named after Bridges
 Arthur Bridges, son of Frederick

References

1840 births
1904 deaths
19th-century Australian educators
20th-century Australian educators
Australian schoolteachers
People educated at Fort Street High School

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Epichlorhydrin je reaktivní chlororganická látka (v podstatě chlorovaný epoxid). Za běžných podmínek to je bezbarvá tekutina se zápachem podobným česneku.

Vyrábí se radikálovou chlorací propylenu na allylchlorid, následovanou epoxidací meziproduktu například kumenhydroperoxidem. Používá k výrobě glycerinu a plastů, např. epoxidových a fenoxy pryskyřic.

Epichlorhydrin je také meziprodukt při výrobě výbušnin. Jde o hořlavinu s toxickými a karcinogenními účinky.

Reference

Externí odkazy

informace o epichlorhydrinu pro spotřebitele US EPA

Epoxidy
Organochloridy
Karcinogeny IARC skupiny 2A


text:
Go boldly: Students build prototype for first Irish satellite
Project costing about €1.5m, bulk of which is being paid by the Department of Innovation
Mon, Sep 24, 2018, 12:00
Colin Gleeson
Maeve Doyle, PhD student, UCD School of physics research and development with Joe Thompson, PhD student, UCD school of mechanical and materials engineering. Photograph: Colm Mahady/Fennells Photography
A prototype satellite is being built by students at University College Dublin (UCD) as part of plans to send one into space, in what will be a first for the Republic.
The project will cost about €1.5 million, the bulk of which is being paid by the Department of Business, Enterprise and Innovation. The other backers are the Irish Research Council and Science Foundation Ireland.
The satellite, called EIRSAT-1 (Educational Irish Research Satellite-1) is a miniature satellite, or CubeSat, and is about the size of a shoebox.
The project was chosen to be part of the second cycle of European Space Agency's (ESA) Fly your Satellite programme in May 2017.
In a statement on Monday, the project leaders said the ESA had concluded that the objectives of the satellite's "critical design review" had been achieved, marking an "important milestone" for the project.
The UCD team now moves to the next phase of the programme, and will begin to assemble and test a prototype in newly installed clean rooms at the university.
Subject to passing further reviews and mission milestones, the satellite is expected to be delivered to the ESA in mid-2020 with three scientific experiments on board.
The main experiment on-board will be a gamma-ray detector, which aims to detect gamma-ray bursts, the most energetic explosions in the universe, which occur when some stars die or collide.
The second experiment is an in-flight demonstration of thermal control coatings developed by Irish company ENBIO. The third experiment, called "wave-based control" tests a UCD-developed algorithm to control the movement of the satellite.
After launching, it is anticipated to operate for a six to 12-month period. Once in orbit the satellite will communicate data to Earth through a ground radio station, located at "mission control" in the UCD school of physics.
Prof Lorraine Hanlon, the project leader, said the smaller satellite model was "disrupting the traditional space sector globally, providing a fast and cost effective route to gaining spaceflight heritage".
"As an emerging space nation, Ireland's future space endeavours will benefit from the skills developed by the talented team of UCD students who are building EIRSAT-1," she said.
UCD vice-president for research, innovation and impact Prof Orla Feely said the space sector needs "continuing investment by Government" to ensure the Republic can "maximise its return" from global opportunities.
"The ongoing implementation of the Innovation 2020 strategy is key to building critical mass in key areas of importance in the space sector in Ireland to the benefit of individual enterprises and the economy," she said.
Lána Salmon, a PhD student in the UCD school of physics, who is leading the ground development element of the project said the "hands-on" training was beneficial for students.
"Students in Ireland, like myself, are for the first time getting the opportunity to contribute to satellite development," she said.
"I did not expect to be involved in such an exciting Irish project so early in my career. This incredible opportunity has so far provided me with essential hands-on training and links to the Irish space industry, which is of great benefit to my future career."
Irish Research Council
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Keep up with the latest business news and commentary from our expert business team, Monday to Friday


Forget about digging through musty racks at thrift shops, rifling through your grandmother's closet or trying to decipher what exactly an Etsy seller means when she says "27-inches across": Come spring, chances are pretty darn good that you'll be able to get your hands on new yet vintage-looking dresses at your nearby mall.
Spring 2012 Paris fashion week kicked off, and already there's an emerging spring trend of pretty, 50s-inspired shapes and accessories. (Cat-eye sunglasses, anyone?) And of course, no retro-chic moment would be complete without a little Marilyn/Jackie, Joan/Betty throw-down.
At Rochas, designer Marco Zanini went for the full-skirted, wasp-waisted silhouette, topped off with gauzy handkerchiefs and teensy, cigarette-sized (or in modern day, cell-sized) clutches.
A model on the runway at the Rochas spring 2012 show at Hotel Salomon de Rothschild.
The only thing missing from these picture-perfect outfit ideas are a convertible and some Cary Grant-esque arm candy.
Meanwhile, Nina Ricci's Peter Copping showed his love for the slim-fitting pencil skirt that demurely hits at the knee. Lattice-like woven hats might be a little much for the weekday scene or even Saturday brunches, but the vintage patterns (pulled from the Nina Ricci archive) were just right.
A model on the runway at Nina Ricci's spring 2012 show.
A fun, perky coat like this could be a top contender to take the place of last year's green khaki military jacket, don't you think?
Too much spring, not enough fall? No problemo my dears!


UPDATED: Thu., Oct. 12, 2017, 1:39 p.m.
Former state lawmaker and current congressional candidate Lisa Brown wed the policy adviser to the Spokane City Council this week.
Brown, who most recently served as chancellor of Washington State University Spokane, announced the nuptials to Brian McClatchey on Facebook on Tuesday. Brown said the couple met at a fundraiser for former Mayor Mary Verner and began dating about three years ago.
McClatchey began working for the Spokane City Council in April 2015. He provides legal advice and opinions on procedure and policy to the panel.
It is the first marriage for Brown, 61. The couple lives in the Kendall Yards neighborhood and were married in a small ceremony. Brown said a larger celebration is planned for next year, and that she was looking forward to married life after leaving her job at WSU Spokane to run for Congress.
"It's the first time I haven't had a paycheck since I was 15," said Brown.
Published: Oct. 11, 2017, 4:45 p.m. Updated: Oct. 12, 2017, 1:39 p.m.


1. The Brooklyn Book Festival is taking place this Saturday at Borough Hall (downtown near the Bridge). Hey, I remember not too many years ago when there was one writer (Norman Mailer) known to be living in Brooklyn. Of course, there's also the spirit of Betty Smith. I'll be at the fair, hanging out at the Metaxu Cafe booth. Come by if you can.
"Okay, I've been waiting to exhale for some time now...and I finally have!!! Last night was my one week anniversary...and the good news is, I'm still employed! (I think) I've had no problem sleeping in until 7 every morning ... and I'm really really enjoying my new gig."
Katie, Katie, Katie. MySpace is down the block. This is the blogosphere, where people are actually smart and write well. We're happy to have you here, but please cut the triple-exclamation points, okay?!?!?! You can talk like a normal person here -- really, just try it.
3. Conversational Reading, which has an appealing habit of delivering one in-depth column every friday, offers some thoughts on Nicholson Baker's classic Room Temperature today.
4. CBS's Survivor always tags the professions of its participants, and for the second year in a row one of the cast members is billed as a writer. But unlike last year's Austin Carty, who turned out to be a decent player though a highly unproven author, this year's Jonathan Penner has a Hollywood background and a resume that includes writing and acting stints on many TV shows including Seinfeld and some film festival awards. Note, to anyone who's wondering: Jonathan is one of the whiteys.
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Have you ever dreamt of owning a timber home? The sweet smell of wood wafting through the vaulted ceilings, pine trees framing your window pane, and wooden corners meticulously carved and contorted to beautiful angels? It's a dream many of us have had, and that has now come to life in this stunning Colorado custom build.
The monumental home is crafted to perfection with a chefs kitchen, a master bedroom decked out like a presidential suite, and the quintessential vaults, beams, and wooden angles that somehow take you back to a simpler time. But while this traditional timber home may have all the classic elements you love, we assure you it's packed with modern amenities.
You could fall in love with this home just from the outside. The massive windows invite you right in, and that deck looks like the perfect place to enjoy a piping hot cup of hot cocoa after a day in the snow.
This kitchen is fit for any professional chef. We love how they've differentiated this space by using a very worn, and rustic looking wood for the cabinets. It really pops against all that stunning golden and knotty wood that bolsters up the rest of the home. We also love how the kitchen opens right up to the rest of the living and dining room, playing on the inviting open concept we love about timber homes.
Here you can see how those gigantic windows light up this entire home. The natural light that pours into this space reflects off of those shiny wood floors, and the corner windows frame this open dining space beautifully.
From here you can see the stunning design they've incorporated in this home. The beams and woodwork are the real show stoppers, so the muted couch, rug, and table are really just there for subtle beauty and functionality. Sit back and enjoy the architectural masterpiece around you.
It just keeps getting better. This master suite is all about that vaulted ceiling and those massive beams. The design of the beams draws your eyes right up to the peak, then back down to that big white fluffy bed.
Finally, the master bath. This is purely decadent. From the soaker tub to those incredible stone floors, to that massive window that overlooks the untouched snow and those towering pines. This is the perfect place to unwind after a day in the snow, and gazing at your incredible home.
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A great timber frame home with a well-designed floor plan.