There are times when man made or natural events take their toll and monuments and memorials. They no longer look their best will need to be cleaned and sometimes straightened. Weather conditions, accidents, accelerated erosion and unpredicted events can make a monument or memorial look neglected and even abandoned.
These things happen, and the memorial or monument will need attention. DeChristopher Brothers offers many services in this area: Cleaning, Resurfacing, Polishing, Straightening, Fixing foundations and sometimes…fixing poor craftsmanship.
If you have need of any of these services, contact us by phone or email and we will be able to assist your needs.
Natural and unnatural events damage memorials and monuments beyond a simple mending. Accidents, faulty workmanship and cheap materials contribute to quickly eroding a poorly chosen stone that will lead to cracking and deteriorate from water absorption and poor protection from the elements. In the end the stone requires serious repair or replacement.
Our skilled craftsmen will assess the extent of damage and then suggest what repairs or restoration we can do for you. Remember, it might look like a minor blemish on the surface, but that might be the start a signal of something that left untreated will become a costly repair.
Contact us and let us know your concerns.


Batec electrical attachments provide a unique solution and are the definitive mobility tool. By connecting the Batec electric attachment to your wheelchair, with a simple click and go mechanism, you get that extra power boost whenever you need it.
Cyclone are a key Batec partner and as such, we are the sole supplier of Batec attachments in the UK. No other UK based mobility equipment provider can supply a new Batec product to you.
So, if you're looking for something to assist you with exercise, the definitive Batec electric mobility tool allows you to access previously hard to reach areas, such as forest trails, greenways and uphill villages.
It's also perfect for getting you more involved with outdoor family activities, sight-seeing or just general day to day life, call us today for more information.


text:
Hillary Wins Popular Vote; Trump Will Be the Next President
This article appeared online at TheNewAmerican.com on Wednesday, November 9, 2016:
James Madison, Hamilton's major collaborator, later President of the United States and "Father of the Constitution"
Following one of the most contentious presidential elections in recent memory, Hillary Clinton won more popular votes than Donald Trump in the nationwide election — while losing to Trump in the Electoral College vote. As of Wednesday morning (when this is being written), incomplete returns showed Clinton leading Trump by 165,292 popular votes — 59,344,158 to 59,178,867. But since the Constitution still reigns, members of the Electoral College are expected to meet next month and elect Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States.
Article II, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution states:
Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress….
That means that 100 electors (representing two senators from each of the 50 states) plus 435 electors (representing the 435 members of the House of Representatives) plus three electors granted to the District of Columbia (a total of 538 electors) will actually elect the next president of the United States, not the voters themselves. Those electors are going to give Trump at least 289 votes, more than the 270 needed to elect him as president.
If Hillary had her way she would be president instead. As far back as the year 2000, in her first public appearance as New York's junior senator-elect, she said: "I believe strongly that in a democracy [sic], we should respect the will of the people, and to me that means it's time to do away with the Electoral College and move to the popular election of our president."
Which is precisely why the Founders of the Republic did everything they could think of to keep the newborn republic from being transformed by power seekers such as Clinton into a democracy by putting in place such apparent anomalies as the Electoral College.
Writing in The New American, constitutional lawyer Joe Wolverton explained one of the reasons why. In an article just before the national elections in 2012, he noted:
As the situation stands today, a successful candidate is required to build a coalition of electoral support from across the country. The frequent trips to Iowa, New Hampshire, and other less populous states witness this campaign reality. To be elected, a candidate cannot simply woo voters in urban areas while ignoring those citizens living between the two coastal megalopolises.
Should [a] National Popular Vote measure become the de facto law of the land, a candidate could simply spend time, money, and attention on the large cities in order to ensure garnering a plurality of votes on Election Day.
John Ryder, then a member of the Republican National Committee, expanded: "Under such an arrangement, presidential candidates would have no incentive to campaign anywhere except the major media markets in a few states. The country would, in essence, cede our presidential elections to the largest metropolitan areas, whose concerns are different from those of other areas of the country."
The Founders knew from history the dangers of letting a majority override the interests and rights of a minority — that that majority would eventually become tyrannical, inimical to the minority's rights. Constitutional scholar Dan Smoot explained:
From their vast knowledge of history, the American Founding Fathers knew that unlimited political power cannot safely be trusted to anyone — not to appointed officials of government, not to elected representatives of the people, not to the people themselves. Hence, they devised a system to control political power by dispersing it and balancing it so that too much power could not be concentrated in any one place.
By requiring the states to nominate its own electors, those smaller states would have a larger voice in the national election, as James Madison noted in The Federalist Papers: "It may well be that the public voice, pronounced by the representatives of the people, will be more consonant to the public good than if pronounced by the people themselves." (Emphasis added.)
Madison continued:
The immediate election should be made by men most capable of analyzing the qualities adapted to the station [of president] and acting under circumstances favorable to deliberation, and to a judicious combination of all the reasons and inducements which were proper to govern their choices. A small number of persons, selected by their fellow citizens from the general mass, will be most likely to possess the information and discernment requisite to so complicated an investigation.
Pulitzer Prize-winner and conservative commentator George Will saw clearly what the Founders were trying to accomplish through the Electoral College's interposition between the people and those running for the presidency, noting:
The core principle of our republicanism is representation: The people do not decide things[;] they decide who will decide. Representatives are supposed to deliberate about the national interest, not just broker demands registered from various factions.
There were other reasons as well. Gouverneur Morris, a Founding Father who represented Pennsylvania during the Constitutional Convention in 1787, explained that there were fears of "intrigue" if the president were chosen by a small group of men who met clandestinely, as well as concerns over his independence from the Legislative branch if he was elected by the Congress.
Fisher Ames, a member of the first three Congresses, was blunt: The Electoral College was designed to protect the citizenry against the dangers and ravages of a runaway democracy. "Popular reason does not always know how to act right, nor does it always act right when it knows," he said. He added that "every move … towards a more complete, unmixed democracy is an advance towards destruction; it is treading where the ground is treacherous and excavated for an explosion. Liberty has never yet lasted long in a democracy; nor has it ever ended in anything better than despotism."
A scant 165,292 votes cast on Tuesday, without the Electoral College in place, would have elected one skilled in the ways of treachery, despotism, and destruction.
Constitution dangers Donald Trump Hillary Clinton House of Representatives Liberty minority power rights
This entry was posted	on Wednesday, November 9th, 2016 at 5:05 pm	and is filed under Constitution, Politics. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Reize v-app-bar to match navigation drawer item Vuetify I'm adding like a page header using the v-app-bar inside the v-content and v-container, it looks good but I would like to change the height in order to match the nav drawer on the left. This is what it looks like, as you can see the app bar is shorter than the user info part of the nav drawer. Is there a way to "match" the height?

This is the app-bar code
<v-app-bar absolute fixed color="white" elevate-on-scroll>

Categories

    <v-spacer></v-spacer>
    <v-btn depressed color="primary" dark @click="createItem">New</v-btn>
</v-app-bar>

A: You can set the height of v-app-bar using the height props. By default, the height is 60. If you set to 80 or something, the issue will be fixed.
<v-app-bar absolute fixed color="white" elevate-on-scroll height="80">

Categories

    <v-spacer></v-spacer>
    <v-btn depressed color="primary" dark @click="createItem">New</v-btn>
</v-app-bar>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
*** Entries from main project area are headlined in red ***
July 1841 || Trio of Illinois abolitionists captured enticing groups of slaves
Locations: Hannibal, MO and Quincy, IL
Numbers: Unknown (Abolitionists = James Burr, George Thompson, Alanson Work)
Owners: Unknown
Sources: Shelley Fisher Fishkin, Lighting Out for the Territory: Reflections on Mark Twain and American Culture (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), 53-8; Terrell Dempsey, Searching for Jim: Slavery in Sam Clemens's World (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003).
October 1841 || 26 freedom suits at once –A legal mass escape
Locations: St. Louis Circuit Court
Numbers: 26 (and then 27), including Preston, Braxton (process begins after owner Milton Duty's death in 1838, accelerates with successful injunction to stop threat of sale in October 1841 and continues throughout early 1850s with multiple freedom suit petitions)
Owners: Milton Duty (Mississippi slaveholder); executors David and Mary Coons, John F. Darby
Sources: Kelly M. Kennington, In the Shadow of Dred Scott: St. Louis Freedom Suits and the Legal Culture; Lea VanderVelde, Redemption Songs; Dale Edwyna Smith,African American Lives in St. Louis, 1763-1865: Slavery, Freedom and the West
August 1842 || Richard Eells helps serial runaway; resulted in Moore v. Illinois
Locations: Monticello, MO to Quincy, IL
Numbers: 1 (part of the Mission Institute series) (Charley)
Owners: Chauncey Durkey
Sources: Quincy Whig, "Once Upon a Time in Quincy," September 9, 2011; Quincy Whig, Aug. 27, 1842, Quincy Whig, Feb. 8, 1843, Quincy Whig, April 26, 1843, Quincy Whig, May 3, 1843
February 1843 || Anti-Negro Stealing Society organized in Jacksonville
Locations: St. Louis, MO and Louisiana to Jacksonville, IL
Numbers: Incidents involving controversy over sojourning of visiting slaves (Bob and Emily Logan, late 1830s), "slave girl Lucinda" (owned by St. Louis visitor and then freed and hired out to attorney Murray McConnel), and finally (1843) young girl owned by Mrs. Lisle of Louisiana helped in escape by Julius (father) and Samuel (son) Willard
Owners: Mrs. Lisle of Louisiana // organizers of Anti-Negro Stealing Society include M. McCormick, W.B. Warren, A. Smith and O.M. Long
Sources: "News-Extra, February 22, 1843 (ALPLM Broadside); Don H. Doyle, The Social Order of a Frontier Community: Jacksonville, Illinois, 1825-70, pp. 53-7; Samuel Willard, "My First Adventure with a Fugitive Slave," Illinois Historical Journal, 89 (Winter 1996)
1844-45 || St. Genevieve County petitions Legislature for relief from escapes
Locations: St. Genevieve, MO
Numbers: Unknown
Sources: MO House Journal, 13th Assembly, 1st Session, p. 332
May 1845 || Runaways "battle" in Maryland during mass escape
Locations: Smithsburg, MD
Numbers: 10 freedom seekers, 8 slave patrollers
Sources: "Runaway Negroes–A Battle with the Whites," Boston Daily Atlas, June 2, 1845 cited in Stanley Harrold, Border War: Fighting Over Slavery before the Civil War, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010). See post.
July 1845 || Attempted mass escape in Maryland involving 70-80 black men
Locations: Southeastern counties counties, via 2 groups thru Bladensburg, Rockville
Numbers: 70-80 black men (led by Bill Wheeler, free black), 330 "well armed" slave patrollers
Sources: Stanley Harrold, Border War: Fighting Over Slavery before the Civil War, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010), 129-31. See post.
May – July 1847 || First mentions of stampedes in antislavery press
Locations: Maysville, KY
Numbers: 5 or 6
Sources (with quotation): "
"GRAND STAMPEDE. On Friday or Saturday last, says the Times, between twenty and twenty-five negroes, belonging to different plantations in Kenton Co., Ky., across the river, left for parts unknown via the state of Ohio. We learn that the aggregate amount of award offered for their apprehension is over four thousand dollars. –Cincinnati Allas" ("Grand Stampede," Danville (VT) North Star, May 17, 1847.
We learn that a stampede occurred among the negroes at and near Maysville, a few days ago. Five or six of the number belonged to a prominent and influential member of the Northern Methodist Church at Maysville. And we also understand that a distinguished preacher of that denomination was at the gentlemans's house at the time his negroes left-Covington (Ky.) Register" ("Miscellaneous," Liberator, 16 July 1847)
April 1848 || Scholar calls Pearl "most influential mass-escape attempt"
Locations: Washington, DC
Numbers: 77 runaways stowed aboard steamer Pearl (organized by Daniel Bell and William Chaplin with ship captain Edward Sayres; mostly unarmed house servants with women and children, all recaptured in the escape attempt, include most famously, the Edmonson sisters, Mary and Emily)
Sources: "most influential" designation from Stanley Harrold, Border War: Fighting Over Slavery before the Civil War, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010),131-33;Andrew Delbanco, The War Before the War: Fugitive Slaves and the Struggle for America's Soul from the Revolution to the Civil War (New York: Penguin Press, 2018), 214-5 (see post)
June 1848 || Daggs Farm escape becomes major fugitive Case
Locations: Clark County, MO to Salem, IA
Numbers: Up to 16 slaves (John Walker, wife, children, + several others, including Sam Webster)
Owners: Ruel Daggs
Sources: An Iowa Fugitive Slave Case –1850 (by George Frazee) [WEB]; Lowell J. Soike, Necessary Courage: Iowa's Underground Railroad in the Struggle against Slavery (2013); O.A. Garretson, Traveling on the Underground Railway [WEB]; James Patrick Morgans, The Underground Railroad on the Western Frontier (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. 2010), 94-5.
October 1849 || Stampede from St. Louis
Locations: St. Louis, MO
Numbers: 6
Sources: "A Stampede," St. Louis Republican, October 29, 1849.
November 1849 || Attempted "Stampede" from Missouri makes national headlines
Locations: Canton (Lewis County), MO
Numbers: 35-50 (slave woman Lin, man John, child Henry; note possible connections to Gregory's Landing "whites" and Sen. Thomas Hart Benton)
Owners: Samuel McKim, James (also sometimes John) Miller, John McCutcheon (McCutchen or also McCutchan), William Willis (also Ellis)
Sources: "Negro Stampede," Palmyra Weekly Whig (Palmyra, MO), 8 November, 1849; "Negro Stampede," Glasgow Weekly Times, 8 November 1849; "The Lewis County Affair," Palmyra Weekly Whig (Palmyra, MO), 15 November 1849; Negro Stampede in Lewis County," Glasgow Weekly Times, 15 November 1849; "Slave Stampede and Resistance-Their Leader Killed," Weekly Commercial (Wilmington, NC), 16 November 1849; "Slave Stampede and Resistance-Their Leader Killed," Placer Times (Sacramento City, CA), 5 January 1850; "Slave Stampede and Resistance-Their Leader Killed," Hartford Daily Courant, 8 November 1849; "The Great Slave Stampede in Missouri," North American and United States Gazette, 22 November 1849; "Slave Stampede and Resistance," Hartford Daily Courant, 8 November 1849; "Another Chapter of Southern Atrocities and Horrors," The Liberator, 18 January 1850; "The Peculiar Institution: Apprehension of Runaway Negroes-Conduct of Abolitionists in Illinois,"National Anti-Slavery Standard, 17 January 1850; "Mssrs. Editors," Daily Illinois State Journal, 23 January 1850; "The Great Slave Stampede in Missouri," Anti-Slavery Bugle, 2 February 1850. Also see the St. Louis Republican; Diane Mutti Burke, On Slavery's Border, p. 186 (see post); Terrell Dempsey, Searching for Jim: Slavery in Sam Clemens's World (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003), 129; Lorenzo J. Greene, et al. Missouri's Black Heritage, p. 43 (on slave woman Lin); George R. Lee, "Slavery and Emancipation in Lewis County, Missouri," Missouri Historical Review 65, no. 3 (April 1971): 294-317. [WEB]
January 1850 || Jameson Jenkins, Lincoln's neighbor, leads a stampede
Locations: St. Louis area, MO (through Springfield, IL)
Numbers: Up to 14
Sources: Daily Illinois State Journal, 22 January 1850; Daily Illinois State Journal, 23 January 1850
October 1851 || Missouri runaway arrested, then liberated in "Jerry" rescue
Locations: Syracuse, NY
Numbers: William "Jerry" McHenry"
Sources: Steven Lubet, Fugitive Justice: Runaways, Rescuers, and Slavery on Trial, (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), 86-90, 254, 305-307, 316.
July 1852 || Reports of a "regular stampede" from St. Louis
Numbers: 4-7
Owners: J. Mattingly
Sources: St. Louis MO Republican, 22 July 1852; Marshall TX Republican, 31 July 1852.
September 1852 || Stampede from Ste. Genevieve
Locations: Ste. Genevieve, MO
Sources: "Slave Stampede," Daily Courier, 20 September 1852
May 1853 || "Battalion" of slaves escape in "stampede" towards Iowa
Locations: Ray County, MO
Numbers: 15-18
Owners: Unnkown
Sources: "Negro Stampede," Alton Evening Telegraph, 23 May 1853;
"Slave Stampedes," Boston Liberator, 10 June 1853; "Negro Stampede," Frederick Douglass Paper, 24 June 1853; "Slave Stampedes," Pomeroy Weekly Telegraph (Pomeroy, OH), 5 July 1853, all quoting an initial report from the Alton, IL Telegraph; Richard Blackett, Captive's Quest, 139-40, describes a "battalion" of 18 escapees because he combines it with the escape of three freedom seekers from Weston, Missouri slaveholder R. Meek that occurred a week later
October 1853 || Palmyra Stampede
Locations: Marion County, MO (Palmyra) to Quincy, IL to Menden (Mendon), IL to Chicago, IL
Numbers: 11 (though at least newspaper claimed 13)
Owners: Unknown (from at least six different farms)
Sources: Richard Blackett, Captive's Quest, 139; Chicago Tribune, November 7, 1853 reported in Boston Herald, "A Stampede," November 15, 1853 [HD]; James Patrick Morgans, The Underground Railroad on the Western Frontier (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. 2010), 69; Hannibal Missouri Courier, November 10, 1853 (19th Century US Newspapers) –describes 11 heading from Palmyra through "Menden"; "Prompt Proceedings," Missouri Whig (Palmyra, MO), 23 February 1854
March 1854 || Missourian Arrested in Wisconsin; Leads to Landmark Case
Locations: St. Louis to Milwaukee
Numbers: 1 (Joshua Glover)
Owners: Bennami Garland; rescue effort of Glover led by abolitionist Sherman Booth who appealed his conviction, eventually resulting in US Supreme Court case Ableman v. Booth (1859)
Sources: Steven Lubet, Fugitive Justice: Runaways, Rescuers, and Slavery on Trial, (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), 305-307.
October 1854 || Families, "some aged and crippled" stampede together
Locations: St. Louis area, MO
Numbers: 15 to 20
Owners: Pierre Chouteau (3), Emanuel Block (3), Edward J. Gray (6), Mr. Merritt (3 or 4)
Sources: "Stampede Among the Africans," St. Louis Democrat, 24 October 1854; "Stampede Among the Africans," National Anti-Slavery Standard, 18 November 1854.
November 1854 || Stampeding runaways from several places; $1,000 reward
Locations: St. Louis area, St. Charles, and Ste. Genevieve, MO
Numbers: 17
Owners: Richard Berry, Mrs. Smith, Martin Wash
Sources: "Another Slave Stampede," St. Louis Democrat, 30 November 1854; "Another Slave Stampede," National Anti-Slavery Standard, 30 December 1854.
May 1855 || Mary Meachum and the St. Louis Stampede
Numbers: 8 to 9 (Esther and two children)
Owners: Henry Shaw
Sources: "Stampede," St. Louis Democrat reprinted in Milwaukee (WI) Daily Free Democrat, May 26, 1855
July 1856 || Extended family stampede together from St. Louis
Numbers: 8 – 9
Owners: Robert Wash and John O'Fallon
Sources: Richard Blackett, Captive's Quest, 139; Lea VanderVelde, Redemption Songs: Suing for Freedom Before Dred Scott (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 263n [see post]. Missouri Republican, 16 July 1856; St. Louis Democrat, 16 July 1856; "Slave Stampede," Anti-Slavery Bugle, 2 August 1856. First reported in St. Louis Leader. Also see "Slave Stampede at St. Louis," National Anti-Slavery Standard, 9 August 1856; "Slave Stampede at St. Louis," Times Picayune (New Orleans, LA), 23 July 1856
October 1856 || Two families escape from Hannibal
Locations: Hannibal, MO
Owners: John S. Bush
Sources: "Negro Stampede," Hannibal, MO National Democrat, October 23, 1; "Another Stampede," Palmyra, MO Whig, October 23, 1856
Late 1858 || Missouri Runaway Helps More Escape through Galesburg
Locations: Missouri to Galesburg, IL to Canada
Numbers: 9 (colored man who returned, attempted to bring nine out but only 5 or 6 made it to Galesburg
Sources: Originally Chapman's History of Knox County cited in Owen Muelder, The Underground Railroad in Western Illinois (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2008), 110-1.
December 1858 || John Brown raids Missouri and frees a dozen in stampede
Locations: Vernon County, MO (then Iowa to Detroit)
Numbers: 11 (Jim Daniels, then 12 after birth of John Brown Daniels)
Owners: Harvey G. Hicklan (also Hicklin)
Sources: David S. Reynolds, John Brown, Abolitionist (2005), pp. 278-79; Kristen Epps, Slavery on the Periphery: The Kansas-Missouri Border in the Antebellum and Civil War Eras, (Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2016),129-32 [see post]; Fergus M. Bordewich. Bound for Canaan: The Underground Railroad and the War for the Soul of America (New York: HaperCollins Publishers Inc, 2005), 419-20 [see post]
January 1859 || Dr. John Doy tries to copy Brown' stampede
Locations: [helping MO runaways in Kansas] (captured and then jailed in Platte City, tried & convicted in St. Joseph, MO but then rescued from custody in July)
Sources: New York Times, "Dr. Doy of Kansas," March 18, 1859; Kansas Memory; David S. Reynolds, John Brown, Abolitionist (2005), p. 280 (but note that Reynolds misreads the family name as Joy)
October 1859 || Stampede captured heading toward Chicago
Locations: Maline Township (Saline County), MO
Numbers: Unknown (Bob)
Owners: Richard E. Snelling
Sources: "Returned to Servitude," Marshall Democrat (Saline County, MO), 15 August 1860
October 1859 || Over two dozen freedom seekers stampede toward Detroit
Locations: western Missouri (traveling through Nebraska, Iowa, Chicago, and Detroit)
Sources: "A Large Underground Arrival," Douglass' Monthly, November 1859; "Signs Not to be Mistaken," St. Louis Democrat, 9 November 1859; "Arrival of Twenty-Six Fugitive Slaves at Detroit," Delaware Gazette (Delaware, OH) 11 November 1859; "Twenty-Six Missouri Negroes Arrived in Canada," Glasgow Weekly Times (Glasgow, MO), 17 November 1859; "A Large Underground Arrival, Cadiz Sentinel, 23 November 1859. Original article appeared in Detroit Advertiser.
November 1859 || Successive "Stampedes" from LaGrange
Locations: LaGrange (Lewis County), MO
Owners: Seven Unknown, David S. Lillard
Sources: "Negro Stampede," Glasgow Weekly Times (Glasgow, MO), 17 November 1859; "Stampede of Negroes from Missouri," Chicago Tribune, 17 November 1859; "Negro Stampede," Press and Tribune (Chicago, IL), 17 November 1859; "Negro Stampede," Cleveland Daily Herald, 19 November 1859; "The Underground Railroad Business," Fremont Weekly (Fremont, OH), 25 November 1859
August 1860 || Mother organizes family stampede
Owners: Edward Bredell
Sources: "Another Slave Stampede," Louisville Daily Journal, 28 August 1860
April 1861 || Arrest of Harris family in Chicago sets off free black stampede
Locations: St. Louis to Chicago
Numbers: 5 (Onesimus Harris, wife and three children)
Sources: Chicago Tribune, April 4, 1861 with quotation: "There was immediately a general stampede of fugitive slaves harbored and residing in this city and within a day or two hundreds of them will have left for Canada."; New York Times, "Another Fugitive Slave Case at Chicago," April 4, 1861
Summer 1861 || Northern magazines celebrate stampedes at Fort Monroe
Locations: Fort Monroe, Hampton, VA
Numbers: Hundreds
Owners: Originally Col. Mallory
Sources: "Stampede Among the Negroes of Virginia," (illustration),Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, June 8, 1861; "Stampede of Slaves from Hampton to Fortress Monroe," (illustration), Harpers Weekly, August 17, 1861 (see post)
February 1862 || St. Joseph Stampede
Locations: St. Joseph, MO // Leavenworth, KS
Numbers: 7 (Dan, Sina, Fanny, Jason, Charles, Peter and Shelby)
Owners: Lard, Howard, Pullin, Elder and Stamper
Sources: St. Joseph MO Morning Herald, February 15 and 18, 1862 (NA)
November 1862 || Stampede from Loutre Island
Locations: Loutre Island (Montgomery County), MO
Owners: Isaac Talbot, Elizabeth Clark, Martin
Sources: "Slave Catching at Hermann," St. Louis, MO Democrat, 29 November 1862; "Slave Catching Under Difficulties," National Anti-Slavery Standard, 20 June 1863; "Preparation of the Slaveholders for Emancipation," National Anti-Slavery Standard, 13 December 1862
November 1862 || Mounting stampedes from Ste. Genevieve
Sources:"Slavery in Missouri," Douglass' Monthly, November 1862
March 1863 || Stampede from Hannibal
Owners: Sarah Carter, Gilchrist Porter, Brison Stillwell, Robert F. Lakenan
Sources: "Arming the Negroes," Quincy IL Daily Herald, 24 March 1863; "Arming the Negroes," Quincy IL Whig, 28 March 1863; "Slave Stampede," Chicago Tribune, 31 March 1863; "Slave Stampede from Hannibal," Vincennes Gazette, 4 April 1863; "Slave Stampede from Hannibal," Weekly Atchison Champion (Atchison, KS), 11 April 1863; "Slave Stampede," Chicago Tribune, 31 March 1863
April 1863 || Lafayette County Stampede
Locations: Lafayette County (MO)
Numbers: up to 375 (50 at one time from Lexington; 300 over few weeks; 75 more in mid-May)
Owners: Packard of City Hotel (9), H. Wallace (9), Gen. Vaughan (3); J.R. Graves (2); Joseph Moreland (2)
Sources:"The Slave Stampede from Missouri," New York Daily Tribune, 1 May 1863; ""Slave Stampede from Missouri," Milwaukee Daily Sentinel, 11 May 1863; "Slave Stampede in Missouri," Daily National Intelligencer, 2 May 1863, The Weekly Herald and Tribune (St. Joseph, MO), 14 May 1863. First reported in Lexington Union
December 1863 || Family of Archer Alexander (face of DC statue) freed
Locations: St. Charles to St. Louis
Numbers: 4 (Archer and Louisa Alexander with children Ellen and James) (William G. Eliot)
Owners: James Naylor
Sources: Miranda Rechtenwald, "The Life of Archer Alexander: A Story of Freedom," The Confluence (Fall/Winter 2014); Dale Edwyna Smith, African American Lives in St. Louis, 1763-1865 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2017), 165 (see post)


text:
A new way of looking: Dallas Children's Theater premieres a trans story for all teens
Lindsey Wilson January 17, 2020
But as families and school administrators are beginning to acknowledge the journey that more and more young transgender people are recognizing, exploring, and living, so is Dallas Children's Theater....
Dallas/Ft WorthTheater
Texas Studio: Catherine Turocy
Manuel Mendoza January 17, 2020
Search for information on baroque dance and it won't be long before you come across the name Catherine Turocy....
Dallas/Ft WorthDanceMusicOnline ExclusivesTexas Studio
Orchestra of New Spain Conquers Another Zarzuela
Steven Brown January 17, 2020
The Orchestra of New Spain specializes in reviving long-lost music. Founder Grover Wilkins and his ensemble have freed a string of neglected Spanish-baroque works from the prison of the library shelves, and on Feb. 21 and 22, the group will give a belated U.S. premiere to a 300-year-old tale of passion among gods and mortals....
Dallas/Ft WorthMusic
A Ruckus Rodeo Returns to the Modern
James Russell January 10, 2020
When the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth commissioned Red Grooms and ten other artists to contribute to the rodeo-themed 1976 exhibition The Great American Rodeo, Grooms spent a year observing rodeos, including the city's annual Stock Show and Rodeo held at the neighboring Will Rogers Memorial Center....
ArtDallas/Ft Worth
Ensemble Storytelling: Come From Away Comes to Texas
Tarra Gaines January 10, 2020
As the United States closed its skies on September 11, 2001, thousands of plane passengers found themselves in midair over the Atlantic with only one place to land—the airport near the small town of Gander, Newfoundland....
AustinDallas/Ft WorthHoustonMusicSan AntonioTheater
Community's Mirror: Denise Lee writes a play for the people in Dallas
As an admired and award-winning singer and actor in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, Denise Lee is used to hearing accolades and raves....
Nancy and Tarra Dish on the Decade, 2019 and Chekhov's Gun
Nancy Wozny: Pack a lunch, Lady T, we have a year and a decade to discuss. Let's not be so top ten-ish, but think categorically. I always find what we are still talking about is the most revealing....
ArtAustinDallas/Ft WorthDanceHoustonMusicOnline ExclusivesTheater
Texas Studio: Alicia Eggert
casey gregory December 30, 2019
The Dallas-based artist Alicia Eggert, along with collaborator James Akers, recently opened a captivating new work at Houston's Color Factory, a pop-up space that focuses on "instagrammable," site-specific installations....
ArtDallas/Ft WorthOnline ExclusivesTexas Studio
Listen, Touch and Wander: DMA's speechless: different by design
Amy Bishop December 12, 2019
Think back to your first visit to an art museum as a child. Before entering, it's likely that the first words out of the mouth of your chaperone were, "Don't touch anything."...
"You can't fly if you have never left the ground," says Houston's 4th Wall Theatre cofounder, Kim Tobin-Lehl, when thinking about taking artistic risks....
Music for All: Fort Worth Opera's Relaxed Performances
Amy Bishop November 14, 2019
Six-year-old Jan Lucca's facial expressions mirror the activity in front of him: Staring intently at the stage, his eyes widen at exciting moments. He clasps his hands together against his chest during the suspenseful ones. He swings his legs from the chair and his mom smiles from the seat next to him. It's his first opera....
See for Yourself: Martine Gutierrez at The Modern
Nancy Zastudil November 14, 2019
For better or worse, beauty occupies a contested space. Brooklyn-based performance artist Martine Gutierrez inhabits that space— well, beautifully....


Looking for a Diesel Watch? The new Ironside model is built from stainless steel and substantial leather in a bold design that highlights its mechanical functions. The Machinus takes utilitarian and biker style elements in a progressive direction with a slick profile and a 4 time-zone index.


Valid coupons for Columbia Coupon Code Valid codes for Columbia Coupon Code, Printable coupon codes for Columbia Coupon Code couponscode.co.
Book your tickets online for the top things to do in Bloomington, Minnesota on TripAdvisor: See 10,143 traveler reviews and photos of Bloomington tourist attractions.Now featuring six menu items under 400 calories, including gluten free and vegetarian options.
Post navigation. superfish coupons 2017 remove. leeann chin coupons 2017 mn. free printable coupons 2017 for.
Coupons for Leeann Chin and it is a Chinese restaurant with a location at 14023 Aldrich Ave S in.
Enjoy 75% off for Photography with 3 Coupon Codes and 7 Deals in October 2017.Liberty Gyros and Kabobs. 1965 Cliff Lake Road, Eagan, MN 55122. 651. Save money with the latest free Ctrip promotion code, discount. on Ctrip discounts and printable coupons. from 8 August 2017 to 31 December 2018.
Find the coupon attached to the front of your Sunday Star Tribune. Coupon(s) Offered Though GetRestaurantCoupons.com. Click to englarge and Print.
Save your money with exclusive C.R. Gibson Coupon Code and Coupon at PromosPro.com now. Free gift for new customers. Borders Coupons 2017 Printable 33.
Higher the package better is the chances of saving without using any coupons.Coupon Codes Printable Coupons Grocery Coupons Stores Categories Veterans Day Blog Get the App.
Trask Performance 2017 2018 Touring Frame Cover Chin Spoiler Milwaukee 8.Leeann Chin is the Asian style restaurant chain that is spread in more than 50 location of United States. Leeann.
Coupons for Leeann Chin and it is a Chinese restaurant with a location at 1450 109th Ave NE in Blaine, MN.Just text the word ROAST to 839863 in order to get the coupon sent to you.
It order to opt out or unsubscribe please do one of the following: 1.Weight Loss, free diets, nutritional supplements, calorie counter and more.Leeann Chin in Stillwater, MN -- Map, Phone Number, Reviews, Photos and Video Profile for Stillwater MN Leeann Chin.


text:
Baltimore Gas and Electric Company to Proceed with Smart Grid Implementation
BGE program to deliver significant customer savings and service enhancements
BGE residential customer costs for smart grid to be substantially reduced by $200 million federal stimulus grant
August 16, 2010 09:01 AM Eastern Daylight Time
BALTIMORE--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Baltimore Gas and Electric Company (BGE), a subsidiary of Constellation Energy (NYSE:CEG), today announced that it will move forward with implementation of smart grid throughout its Central Maryland service territory.
"Following the Maryland Public Service Commission's approval of our project this past Friday, BGE is pleased to move forward with our ambitious smart grid program and deliver the significant transformational benefits of smart grid to each of our 1.2 million customers," said Kenneth W. DeFontes Jr., president and chief executive officer of BGE. "Those benefits include at least $2.5 billion worth of savings for BGE customers over the life of the project, as well as major new enhancements in customer service and reliability. In addition, BGE will be able to take advantage of $200 million that the U.S. Department of Energy awarded BGE for its innovative program, reducing the cost of the project for BGE's residential customers by 80 percent.
"Our decision to move forward also reinforces our continued commitment to helping the state meet its aggressive energy efficiency and conservation objectives under EmPOWER Maryland, and to enhancing the service we provide our customers," said DeFontes.
BGE's ability to invest the hundreds of millions of dollars in smart grid on behalf of its customers depends on predictability, certainty and fairness in being able to recover those costs. Importantly, in its order, the Maryland Public Service Commission (PSC) found that the public interest is served by a decision to move forward with this initiative. The commission also assured BGE of its right to recover "prudently incurred costs" related to the project, as well as an appropriate return, and that its future review of costs will not be subject to "unfair, post hoc nickling-and-diming." BGE is further encouraged that the PSC accepted BGE's proposal to conduct periodic reviews of project implementation on an ongoing basis, so that BGE and the PSC can more constructively work together to ensure that ongoing project implementation is meeting expectations and enable mid-course corrections, if needed.
"We strongly believe that a gradual, annual phasing-in of both the benefits and costs of smart grid is the best approach for our customers and the company," added DeFontes. "Although the commission chose a different regulatory method than we proposed, we will work with the commission to find ways to better align the benefits and costs of the project while mitigating the potential for a rate spike at the end of deployment."
The PSC also approved BGE's general plan for long-term, customer-focused education and communication surrounding smart grid. Building on experience gained through its highly successful smart grid pilot program and from utilities nationwide, BGE will devote the necessary time and resources to ensure that all of its customers, including limited-income customers and senior citizens, have the information they need prior to each phase of smart grid implementation. BGE is developing the appropriate metrics to ensure the success of its outreach effort.
"We appreciate that the commission now views this initiative as a 'win-win proposition for BGE, its customers and our state," added DeFontes. "We are absolutely confident in our ability to deliver these savings and benefits in a timely and cost-effective fashion."
In addition to the significant energy-management and energy-savings benefits that smart grid affords BGE customers, the company projects the added economic benefit of an estimated 350 direct jobs and more than 1,300 indirect jobs related to implementation of smart grid.
"With our decision to press forward with smart grid, BGE will remain a national leader in delivering innovative and cutting-edge technology to our customers," said DeFontes.
BGE's addition of smart grid adds to the company's growing suite of energy efficiency and conservation programs that it has introduced in recent years. The company has focused on helping its customers take advantage of innovative ways to manage energy use, lower energy costs and reduce environmental impact by offering a number of inventive initiatives that are part of the BGE Smart Energy Savers ProgramSM. These initiatives include residential heating and cooling rebates, PeakRewardsSM programmable thermostat, lighting and appliance rebates on ENERGY STAR® refrigerators and clothes washers, Quick Home Energy Check-up, Home Performance with ENERGY STAR® and Limited Income Energy Efficiency Program.
BGE, www.bge.com, headquartered in Baltimore, is Maryland's largest gas and electric utility, delivering power to more than 1.2 million electric customers and more than 640,000 natural gas customers in Central Maryland. The company's approximately 3,000 employees are committed to the safe and reliable delivery of gas and electricity, as well as enhanced energy management, conservation, environmental stewardship and community assistance. BGE is a wholly owned subsidiary of Constellation Energy, www.constellation.com, a FORTUNE 500 company also headquartered in Baltimore, with subsidiaries that generate, sell and provide other energy-related services to customers throughout North America.
Baltimore Gas and Electric Company (BGE)
Robert L. Gould
Linda Foy


The Bank of America Corporation (abbreviated as BofA) is an American multinational ..... BankBoston N.A. in Uruguay, together with OCA, jointly served 372,000 clients. ..... Case: SEC v. Bank of ..... A lawsuit has been filed against Bank of America by a former senior executive, Omeed Malik, who was ...... Boston : Little, Brown.
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, doing business as BNY Mellon, is an American ... The first bank in the U.S. was the Bank of North America in Philadelphia, which ...... Banks On Expanded Sponsorship Portfolio". IEG SR. September 16, 2013. ... hide. v · t · e · 50 largest banks in the United States based on assets.
Case opinion for US 9th Circuit LARRY BROWN v. BANK OF ... LARRY BROWN, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.; et al., Defendants-Appellees.
May 4, 2016 ... An appeal from the dismissal for lack of standing of RICO and state law claims arising from mortgage-related disputes.
Free Database of 2018 US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit Case Law, Court Opinions & Decisions from Justia. ... US v. Elmer Brown Date: December 27, 2018. Docket Number: 18-6993. US v. ... Dr. Wilson ..... Bank of America, N.A.
V. SELECTIVE WAY INSURANCE COMPANY, ET AL. (Date Granted: .... M. BEKENSTEIN, ET AL. v. BANK OF AMERICA, N.A. (Date Granted: 10-02-2018).
75851-COA, PLATINUM EARTH, LLC VS. .... VS. BANK OF AMERICA, N.A. C/W 75114, Mar 27, 2019 ..... SENIOR GARDEN APT. .... (BROWN), Jan 16, 2019.


text:
Trip Hop Clan
Straddling that NSFW line since 1999.
9 Most Unnecessary Greatest Hits Albums
The 9 Most Unnecessary Greatest Hits Albums of All Time – Cracked.com
Best Quote:
"That's How I Beat Shaq," a song in which 15 year-old Aaron Carter tells his friends how he met Shaquille O'Neal on a playground and schooled him in a game of one on one. In the end though, it turns out to be a dream! Aw hell naw! We didn't see that coming, yo! But wait, there's a twist! At the end of the song comes the line "If it was a dream, and it wasn't real, how'd I get a jersey with the name O'Neal?" as if to imply some Freddy Krueger shit had just taken place. His friend's reply with a shocked "whooooaaa!" Our reply? "You probably bought it at motherfucking Foot Locker, now go do your homework."
You're currently reading "9 Most Unnecessary Greatest Hits Albums," an entry on Trip Hop Clan
12.10.07 / 3pm
Zombie16
Fun, Music
Jump to comment form | comments rss [?] | trackback uri [?]


Gadhada is a Village in Mahesana district of Gujarat, India. It falls under Vijapur Taluka. Gadhada population in 2019 is between 1068 and 1322 and total households residing are 217.
The Gadhada Village located in Vijapur Taluka, 1101 People are living in this Village, 569 are males and 532 are females as per 2011 census. Expected Gadhada population 2019 is between 1068 and 1322. Literate people are 699 out of 439 are male and 260 are female. People living in Gadhada depend on multiple skills, total workers are 702 out of which men are 359 and women are 343. Total 282 Cultivators are depended on agriculture farming out of 218 are cultivated by men and 64 are women. 240 people works in agricultural land as a labour in Gadhada, men are 121 and 119 are women.


Give eyes a high-carat boost by swapping out basic black and brown for super-flattering, many-faceted jewel tones. Innovative pigment-packed products make achieving a bold, statement-making look easier than ever. From amethyst to emerald to sapphire, here's how to wear them.
When it comes to lighting up the eyes like jewels, nothing beats the dazzling effect of tone on tone. Colour Riche Eye Shadow Quads offer a range of tonal variations in beautiful, complementary colors, like a topaz palette with shades that go from deep to translucent. Apply the medium shade over the entire lid, building up desired intensity. Sweep the darkest tone into the eye crease and highlight by applying the lightest shade along browbone. For added definition, dampen brush and draw the darkest color in a line along top and bottom lashes. Finish with black mascara.
Juicy jewel tones give the classic smoky eye new sizzle. Colour Riche Eye Shadow offers a luscious range of intensities that make application easy. We like the amethysts in Sultry Seductress or the shades of blue in Love to Hate Me. Apply the medium shade all over the eye and along lower lash line. Swipe the deepest shade in the palette into eye crease and extend past corner of the eye. Highlight eyes by applying the lightest shade along the browbone. To add an unexpected pop, dot the inner corners of the eye with the contrasting color in the palette. Keep cheeks and lips polished but neutral.
With color this vibrant, a little goes a long way. Double Extend Eye Illuminator is best for a thin, crisp line, but if you prefer a smudged look, try HiP Studio Secrets™ Color Chrome Eyeliner, which is also highly pigmented and easy to blend. Start at the inner corners and trace along your top lash lines, flicking the line out slightly at the edge. A flash of color along the lash line will emphasize the whites of your eyes so they're instantly brighter.


N Juniper Street - Great, level building site over 3/4 acre with public road end access to Lake Michigan within walking distance. (End of Harrison Road) Wooded and close to Silver Lake, the Silver Lake Sand Dunes, plus and easy drive to Pentwater. Build your vacation cottage/home and enjoy all the West Michigan area has to offer.


text:
using System;
using Akka.Actor;
using Akka.Streams;
using Akka.Streams.Dsl;

namespace StreamsExamples
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (var system = ActorSystem.Create("system"))
            using (var materializer = system.Materializer())
            {
                var flow = Source
                    .From(new[] {1, 2, 3})
                    .Select(x => x + 1);

                var result = flow
                    .RunForeach(x =>
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(x);
                    }, materializer);

                result.Wait();
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


You don't go to Koh Kood for long and hard partying but rather for experiencing one of Thailand's last unspoiled islands. With a population of only about 2,000 people, this is actually the district (amphoe) with the lowest population of the country.
This means the infrastructure here is more than basic, there is no public transport, you either hook up with a local Thai or rent a motorcycle to get around. There are no 7-Elevens and pharmacies, so if you want to buy something you will have to look for some small and basic convenience store run privately by a local Thai, or in most cases your guesthouse or hotel also has a small shop where you can get the most necessary items.
Due to its remoteness there are also far few travelers making their way to the eastern-most island in Thailand, most of the tourists in the region stick with Koh Chang or do a day trip to Koh Mak. I was glad I did come there last month and spent some of my most relaxing days in Thailand – on some of the country's most beautiful and unspoiled beaches.
While everything is going easy during daytime as soon as the sun sets you are going to ask yourself: What am I gonna do now? This applies especially when coming there alone in the hope to make friends with new people on Koh Kood.
Fortunately I decided to stay at the one and only beach on Koh Kood that has at least some nightlife: Hat Klong Jao.
The Peter Pan Resort is not just one of the most luxurious hotels on the island, it also has the prime location right behind this beautiful beach. There is an outdoor restaurant as well as a beach bar and given it's one of the most exclusive resorts on the island, the prices are still very reasonable, i.e. beers 90 Baht and cocktails 220 Baht.
What surprised me about this place is that there were barely foreigners hanging out but many of groups of young Thai people including lots few pretty hot girls. All of them wealthy without a doubt, it almost felt like in the beer garden in Thong Lor, Bangkok.
Look at the video, typical scene in Hi-So Thailand: The guy proud of his girlfriend and trying to give her a good time, the group of boys and girls that don't really have a plan what to do and so randomly painting their faces, taking pictures while sipping cocktails. And then the lesbian couple with the beautiful chick and her Tom boyfriend.
Right next to the beach bar there is a fire show held every other night at 8pm (free, tips appreciated), really impressive check out the video below.
Apart from the nightlife on Had Klong Jao there isn't really much going on on Koh Kood after sunset, however most guesthouses and hotels usually have a cosy restaurant that make great drinking spots too.


text:
We have no intention of muzzling the press – Nigerian Army speaks on Daily Trust invasion
Posted by TalkParlour.com on January 7, 2019 January 7, 2019
The Nigerian Army has explained why it invaded the offices of Daily Trust Newspapers in Maiduguri, Abuja, Lagos and Kaduna on Sunday.
Speaking on the incident, Army Spokesperson, Brig. Gen. Sani Usman, said:
"Soldiers of the Nigerian Army along with elements of the Nigeria Police Force and other security agencies were indeed at Abuja and Maiduguri offices of the publishing company to invite the staff of the company over its lead story on Sunday Trust publication."
The story, he said "divulged classified military information, thus undermining national security."
"The disclosure of classified security information amounts to a breach of national security and run contrary to Sections 1 and 2 of the Official Secrets Act," he said.
While giving Boko Haram prior notice of the Army's plans and alerting it to prepare against the Nigerian military.
Mr Usman said the publication sabotaged the planned operation and put the lives of troops in imminent and clear danger.
"We would like to state that the invitation of those responsible for divulging military plans was done with the best of intention in order to make them realise the import of such acts to our national security," he said.
"We therefore advice all, particularly journalists, not to worry but engage in their responsive reportage and to be professional as the Nigerian Army has no intention of muzzling the press or jeopardising press freedom.
"We however, wish to enjoin further that they should eschew jeopardizing national security in their reportage. We would not tolerate situation where a publication would consistently side with terrorists and undermine our national institutions."
Mr Usman also appealed to all Nigerians, especially the media, to join hands with the Nigerian military and security forces to end terrorism and insurgency in the country.
"We would like to further assure that the invitation is for further investigation and if need be, all those culpable of jeopardising operations security will be prosecuted by the relevant law enforcement agency," he said.
DAILY TRUST speaks on military siege on newspaper
Shortly before the statement by the army, the management of Daily Trust Newspapers had given details of how armed soldiers laid siege on the company's corporate headquarters and regional offices in Maiduguri and Lagos.
The CEO and Editor-in-Chief if the paper, Mannir Dan Ali issued the statement Sunday evening.
Military invades Daily Trust, arrests journalists,Impound computers
For 4 Hours on Sunday, January 6th 2019, Armed Soldiers who came in 5 vehicles occupied the head office of Media Trust Limited, publishers of the Daily Trust titles sending away journalists and other staff.
Before the siege was called off at about 9.30 pm, the soldiers has ransacked the newsroom and carted away dozens of computers and effectively strangulated the production of the Monday edition of the paper.
Earlier in the day at about 4 pm, another detachment of soldiers and plain cloth security officials went to the Maiduguri regional office of the company and conducted a search at the end of which they took away the Regional Bureau Chief, Uthman Abubakar and a reporter, Ibrahim Sawab. Neither the company nor the families of the two reporters have heard from them since.
Published by TalkParlour.com
TalkParlour.com - Entertainment, News And Opinion Website.	View all posts by TalkParlour.com
Previous Post Umahi alleges IPOB planning to kidnap 5 South East Governors
Next Post Nigerian man proposes to his girlfriend at her bestie's wedding
Say your mind Cancel reply


Sam is about to meet his celebrity idol... the only problem is, Sam works in a morgue... and his idol is dead.
Sam Did It is a dark comedy that explores how a fan's world can be impacted by the loss of their favourite idol.
Sam loves his job working in a morgue, almost as much as he loves his celebrity idol, Alfred Molina. So, when Alfred Molina arrives on Sam's cold hard slab (a potential victim of some nefarious seals), Sam's world is thrown into chaos and despair.
I personally felt like 2016 and early 2017 was a particularly relentless time in terms of the phenomenal artists that we lost. Even though we may never have met those people, the impact of their loss can still feel deeply personal and moving to us. We grew up admiring their work and their artistry. Their songs or movies and their achievements can mean so much to us, defining key moments in our life. I wanted Sam Did It to explore those feelings, through a tinted glass of humour... which I can't help but do."
If you join BCG Pro Gold, you can see director of photography & 1st assistant director credits for this episode.


text:
Amazon expands its palm recognition payment tech to more of its stores
It'll soon be available in 12 of its locations
By Jon Porter@JonPorty Mar 9, 2021, 10:50am EST
Share All sharing options for: Amazon expands its palm recognition payment tech to more of its stores
Amazon One works by identifying the unique features of your palm.
Amazon One, the technology that lets customers pay in shops by scanning their palm, is expanding to more stores in the greater Seattle area. The company says it's available starting today in its 4-star store in Lynnwood, and in the coming weeks, Amazon One is also coming to its Amazon Books store in Bellevue and its 4-star and Pop Up stores in South Lake Union. In total, 12 of Amazon's physical stores will soon feature the technology.
The e-commerce giant announced its palm recognition Amazon One system last year. It works by scanning your hand and identifying its unique characteristics like surface area details and vein patterns. Palm scanning technology has been around for a few years, and it's pretty secure as biometric security methods go, though there are concerns about how Amazon might use the data gathered as part of the system.
So far, Amazon has made Amazon One available as a payment option across a number of its own-branded physical stores around Seattle. But in the longer term, the company hopes the convenience factor of being able to confirm your identity using just your hand will convince third-party businesses to use the service, too; the Amazon One website invites other companies to contact its sales team. That might include other stores or even locations like offices where the system could replace the need for NFC ID tags.
Amazon's palm reading starts at the grocery store, but it could be so much bigger


Q: Why we encourage our clients to book online?
A: We do not have a receptionist to answer calls or make bookings. During treatment session, therapists can not answer calls. As per our mission, we aim to provide peaceful and relaxing treatment and try to run all bookings smoothly for every client's best benefits so we normally encourage you to make online booking in advance. We then can manage the sessions by clients' advance online booking without any disturbance or interruption to each client during the day.
If you wish to have treatment today, please text us and we will check availability and get back to you as soon as possible.
A: We sometimes receive calls asking for happy hour/sexual service. We want to confirm that we DO NOT provide sexual services.
Q: What make Ban Chang 's treatments and services different?
A: Not only do we make the treatment tailored based on individual needs and also we believe all the senses are important. The treatment rooms are decorated in Zen Asian/Thai modern. The aroma in the venue help clients to feel relaxed. The perfect temperature make you feel comfortable and at ease. After session, we provide choice of beverages that suit your needs.
Q: How often should you have massage?
A: Our work and life routine is always the same. Sitting at desk station, driving long hours, or carrying heavy stuff. Common questions that we have been asked from our clients are, how often should they have a massage? We recommend the client to exercise such as Yoga or Pilates and have a massage every 3-4 weeks.
A: Avoid eating before your massage because of feeling bloated/uncomfortable, recommend to have a warm pre-massage shower/bath so after massage should can leave the oil on our body. The oil can work at their most benefits to your skin/muscle.
Q: What if you are late for your session, will the delay effect your duration of treatment?
A: At Ban Chang, we need 30 minutes to turnaround treatment between clients. This is for so we can provide our best service to all our clients. During this 30 minutes, we use for the client to get changed and enjoy our complementary drink and after the client leaves, our therapist can clean and reset the treatment room and rest to regain their energy so that they can provide next client with utmost level of service.
To answer your question, please call/text us as soon as you think you will be late. We will then try to contact the client after you to see if they are convenient to move their session further but we CANNOT guarantee that it will not effect your session time.
Q: What if you want to cancel your booking?
A: You have option of make cancellation via Treatwell or call/text us directly.
Q: What if you did not turn up?
A: If you NO SHOW, we have right to cancel your future booking.
If you have further questions, please do not hesitate to text us at 07913648829 or leave message on this website.


text:
Links to common UMass Amherst services and features
National Center for Digital Government
The National Center for Digital Government (NCDG) was established in 2002 with generous support from the National Science Foundation. NCDG is based at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the School of Public Policy and the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences.
NCDG's mission is to build global research capacity, to advance practice, and to strengthen the network of researchers and practitioners engaged in building and using technology to improve governance and civil society. The goal of NCDG is to apply and extend the social and policy sciences to advance research and practice at the intersection of governance, institutions and information technologies.
Ethan Zuckerman Presents Ideas for Building Social Media that's Good for Society and Democracy
Fountain Named to Global List of 100 Most Influential People in Digital Government
World Librarians Project Brings Educational Resources to Students in Malawi
This site is maintained by the National Center for Digital Government, part of the School of Public Policy and the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, and is licensed to the author(s) under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.
©2021 University of Massachusetts Amherst · Site Policies · Site Contact


The story of how this crypt came to be built, and how John Paul Jones's fate ended up entombed here is a fantastic tale. The story goes back to 1896 when the chapel was being designed. The designer was an ardent admirer of John Paul Jones. In his plans for the chapel, he included a domed vaulted crypt for this great Revolutionary War hero, should his remains ever be found. At the time the chapel was being built John Paul Jones had been dead 100 years, and no one knew where his body was buried; however, many assumed his remains were somewhere in Paris. How Jones ended up living out his final years in Paris is another interesting story having something to do with the French appreciating his heroic skills greater than his fellow countrymen had, and bestowed upon him the honors he deserved, but was denied at home.
But back to the story . . . In 1899, three years after the chapel was completed with its empty crypt, the US Ambassador to France, General Horace Porter, began what would become a personal, six-year search for the body of John Paul Jones. After many cemetery visits and fruitless excavations, Porter's perseverance finally paid off. Jones's coffin was found in an ancient Paris cemetery buried beneath a more recent coffin. Experts were called in to verify that the coffin belonged to Jones and that its contents was indeed Jones's body. This task was made easier due to the extreme care with which the body had been buried, keeping the corpse amazingly well-preserved. Whoever buried John Paul Jones took great care. His body had been tightly wrapped in straw, to avoid any movement, and his limbs had been wrapped in tinfoil. (Note: shortly after an article appeared about the discovery of Jones's well-preserved body, tinfoil became the popular way to preserve leftovers.) Anyway, in 1906 Jones's newly found body was transported from Paris to Annapolis via a squadron of US warships, and none other than President Theodore Roosevelt, himself a former Assistant Secretary of the Navy, delivered the principal address at the commemorative services. In 1913 John Paul Jones was at last laid to rest in a sarcophagus of Royal Pryenees marble donated by the French Government.
Hearing of this incredible tale, I desperately wanted to see the dream that had taken so long to materialize. But today is blustery cold. The wind is whipping off the water and beating my desire into submission. In the warm cockpit of the truck we review the campus map, which shows the crypt to be a long walk from the parking lot. "How bad do I really want to see this crypt?" I wonder. Timidly, I open the passenger's door and the wind steals it from my grasp, tearing it violently as though it could rip it from its hinges. Quickly I tighten my grasp on the door handle and close the door tight again. Sitting in the comfort of Ruby's Captain's chairs, again I wonder, "How bad do I really want to see this?" But I recall one of John Paul Jones's famous quotes, "I intend to go in harm's way." So off I go into "Harm's Way." It's the least I can do to pay tribute to this ancient mariner. Outside, our flimsy coats are buttoned tight. My meager cotton scarf is double-wrapped around my head. Ken and I run with our eyes pinched tightly against the prevailing wind. Only a slit is open to find the way. Hurriedly, we enter the first door we see. It's a side door to the chapel which, as luck would have it, leads directly to the basement.
The thick wooden door closes behind us, shutting out the violent noise of the wind and making the silent basement seem all the more eerie. An old, faded sign points to the Crypt of John Paul Jones. The sign seems faded, and I hesitate now, wondering if perhaps the crypt is not open to the public anymore. The reason I doubt the sign's veracity is that it's a tiny little sign, it's typeface is old, and there is no one else in the place following its directive. Not a soul. Surely there would be other tourists here. Ken, ever braver than I, pursues his way in the direction of the crypt. We pass through a small chapel-within-a-chapel, and open yet another big, black, thick wooden door beside the altar. The door creaks loudly in this hollow chamber. Suddenly we are in a modern corridor that looks like it leads to administrative offices. Somehow I just don't think we're supposed to be here. Ken persists. I, on the other hand, coward that I am, ever fearful that the "authorities" will discover my intrusion and admonish me, want to turn around. Ken pulls me by the hand. "C'mon." At the end of this modern corridor is another old, black wooden door with an ancient doorknob. No more signs say anything about any crypt. I really, really, really want to leave. Ken tugs on the thick door. C-R-E-A-K! It opens slowly to a circular cobalt blue room, dimly lit, and as quiet as a padded cell. A polished cadet in full uniform jumps from his post in alarm. Our entrance has scared the daylights out of him. Evidently we've used an entrance no longer in use. This unfortunate cadet had been guarding the "official" entrance that normal tourists use and our unauthorized entrance frightens him. So here's the poor cadet guarding a tomb, (scary enough) listening to a howling wind outside as he sits alone in this dark blue room, guarding the coffin of a man who's been dead for 207 years. This young guard has his ear trained on the door beside him, listening for the noise of "proper" tourists. Suddenly the big old door on the other side of the room -- where he's not expecting any movement -- creaks open, and he jumps with fright at our imposition. His voice quivers a bit when he asks, as nonplused as possible, if we're here to view the tomb. His eyes rove over our joint appearances that reveal our innocent, expectant faces and tourist garb. He visibly relaxes. "No these two dolts aren't a menace." His eyes say. "Just stupid." After the embarrassment dissolves, Ken and I walk the circular room, viewing the coffin and the artifacts pertaining to John Paul Jones's life. We learn quite a bit about his life, his struggles, and the honors he received from foreign governments. The cool blue tones give the room a serene, soothing, heavenly affect. The lighting over the tomb appears like a halo. It's a fabulous place. I'm glad I braved the wind to visit this glorious tribute to this seafaring hero.
At Baltimore's popular Inner Harbor today we are fortunate to find a parking space directly in front of the Visitor Center. Okay. Now we can get all the info ahead of time, rather than walking aimlessly as we usually do. But the Visitor Center is locked up tight. A peek through the windows reveals an empty, lifeless room. No display tables. No racks of brochures. No posters. Nothing. Well, it is winter. Perhaps it's only a seasonal outpost. So we do our usual bit, walk aimlessly looking at people and things. We walk among throngs of Saturday shoppers loading up on fresh produce and meat in the 18th Century Broadway Market, while tourists hop in and out of gift shops, restaurants and bars. On the sidewalks we pass street minstrels, purple-haired teens, bikers and boat captains. This is a bustling waterfront of wharves, boats, rowhouses and warehouses. Kinda campy, kinda ultramodern. We pass a storefront that is tiny, really, a mere closet of a shop. Outside the door we can't tell what the heck they're selling. It looks like some kind of recruitment office, like they might sell timeshare property or something. An itsy bitsy sign says "Visitor Information." Uh-uh. We've fallen into that trap before. A lot of unscrupulous businesses put out signs saying "Visitor Info" only to lure in dumb, dumbfounded tourists and give them a relentless sales pitch on tour buses or timesharing. We've learned to enter only those Visitor Info establishments with the official blue sign. But . . . hmm . . .they do have maps. Let's steel our minds, vault our credit cards and go in. We'll just get the info we need and say NO to any sales pitch. We enter the closet-sized room, eager to grab a map and get the heck out. But the old man behind the counter is well-trained. "Sign the Guest Book, please." He announces as he shoves the book toward us on the counter. (What a ploy!) Now we must go up to the counter to sign the book as he watches, his pen-clad hand extended, waiting for the fish to come to his hook. We know that as we approach the counter and take his pen, we'll be caught, forced to listen to the well-rehearsed spiel.
But it's not a spiel at all. It is an official Visitor Center. The old man (who looks like the "Radar" character from M*A*S*H, but with 30 years tacked on), passes us the pen and asks how he can help us. I volunteer that we went to the other Visitor Center but it was closed. His sweet demeanor suddenly turns sour. He is highly offended by my remark. "It's not closed." He yells at me like a schoolmaster to a dunce. "It just hasn't opened yet! It's brand new. I'm waiting for them to open it so I can move out of here." (Geez. Sorry.) He recovers from his obvious over-reaction and tries to answer our questions as best he can, which isn't very good. Three times I catch him misinforming us. The info he provides contradicts with the little bit of info I had previously collected on my own. When I question him for clarification, to see if my brochures are misprints, he gets angry again and immediately decides not to help us anymore. Pointing vaguely to some brochures on the side of the wall, he dismisses us to the racks.
Relieved to be free of this volatile man, we go to the racks. As we investigate the info, I notice other people entering the room timidly as we had done. They all wear the same apprehensive expression, fearing they will be trapped in this tiny room, pinned by an aggressive salesman. As each person enters the room, the old man insists they sign the guest book. "Sign the book, please" is the mantra of the day. Some people try to ignore him, but when they do he practically jumps over the counter to nab them, returning them to the counter and getting them to sign the book. While occupied with another visitor, one woman runs in, grabs a map and returns safely to the sidewalk. (So she thinks). He spies her ruse and races out the door after her. "Please, madam. Sign the guest book," he says as he ushers her back into the office. The game is fascinating to watch, a tug-of-war between people trying to avoid the guest book and *Radar* pursuing them with the determination of a mad dog. Another woman with a young girl comea in and outright refuses to sign. "No. I will not sign the book." She says flatly. Radar is appalled. "Please. Just sign the book," he says desperately. "No." she replies defiantly. "I haven't even used your services." The old man is at a loss. "Please." He whines. "It's the only way I can justify keeping the place open." I feel that familiar heartstring being pulled. Now I feel sorry for him. This unfortunate man has an occupation that rests solely on the number of people who sign his Guest Book.
Going to Fort McHenry today -- not because of any great need to see it (we've seen enough forts to fill a scrapbook) -- but because we feel we "should" see it. After all, Fort McHenry is where Francis Scott Key was inspired to write our national anthem, and since we're here in Baltimore, we should see the site where the rockets had "red glare" and the bombs had "burst in the air."
As we pull into the long driveway I bear an inner dread to get this obligation over with, viewing another fort, another row of cannons, lookouts and redoubts. At the Visitor Center, though, I'm relieved to learn that a film will be showing in 10 minutes. I relax a bit, just as I had done in Junior High School when a film would be shown instead of a lecture. The film begins quietly and mounts in suspense. It's absolutely compelling. Right away I'm intrigued at the information available, that is often missing in history books. The War of 1812 is rarely given much emphasis in history books, sandwiched as it is between the two greater chapters of America's early history, The Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Few people discuss the War of 1812. Few debate its battles as they do the other two wars. And, I remember when I taught this subject, the students disbelieved me when I told them that Washington was sacked and the White House was burned in that war. "What!" They would cry in unison. "The White House was burned by the enemy? No Way!" But enough of that. Back to the film here today. The National Park Service, as always, does a wonderful job of presenting the battle. The story is filled with gripping suspense. And even though I know the outcome, I sit in the dark theater, accepting the facts, yet my heart is beating fast. I'm on the edge of my seat, rooting for America. "C'mon America, you can do it!" I repeat silently. "C'mon, c'mon., c'mon." The film ends, the national anthem plays and the crowd stands while full length curtains are drawn from a wall of windows, sweeping open in a flourish to reveal an enormous American flag flying outside, in all its glory and splendor against an aqua sky. Involuntarily, tears stream down my cheeks and I'm embarrassed to create such a maudlin display of patriotism, but, the movie, the suspense, the heroism, the down-to-the-wire victory all well up inside me at once, and SWOOSH . . .out come the tears. But I'm not alone. The entire audience is teary-eyed, even the group of German tourists in the back row, all sheepishly daubing at their eyes as they march up the theater aisle and outdoors onto the grounds of the fort, the home of the brave.


text:
Magnitude of depression and its correlates among elderly population in a rural area of Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
Sourav Goswami1, Pradeep R Deshmukh1, Ramesh Pawar2, Abhishek V Raut1, Mansi Bhagat3, Ashok M Mehendale1
1 Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
2 Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Akola, Maharashtra, India
3 Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
Abhishek V Raut
Ashok M Mehendale
Mansi Bhagat
Pradeep R Deshmukh
Dr. Sourav Goswami
Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_97_17
Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder among elderly population in India, yet, it is commonly misdiagnosed and undertreated. The exact burden of depression among the elderly population in rural India was not known. Objectives: To study the magnitude of depression among the elderly masses in rural Maharashtra and to find its correlates. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional study, carried out among the elderly (≥60 years) population of both sexes residing in the field practice area of the department of community medicine. Geriatric depression scale was used for screening depression among the study population. Data collection was completed within 2 months using convenience sampling. Ethical approval was taken before beginning the study. Magnitude was expressed in percentage along with its 95% confidence interval (CI). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was carried out to study associated correlates. Odds ratio and 95% CI was used to express association. Results: The magnitude of depression among the elderly population was found to be 41.7% (95% CI 36.1–47.4). We got the significant positive association of female sex, living without spouse, lacking in decision making capability, a victim of abuse or neglect, or suffering from chronic illnesses with depression among elderly population in univariate analysis that did not hold good in the multivariate logistic regression. Our study showed the prevalence of mild depression among elderly to be 26.72% and that of severe depression to be 15.17%. Conclusion: To deal with this huge social problem of depression among the elderly population, more enthusiastic steps should be undertaken.
Keywords: Depression, elderly, geriatric, mental illness
Goswami S, Deshmukh PR, Pawar R, Raut AV, Bhagat M, Mehendale AM. Magnitude of depression and its correlates among elderly population in a rural area of Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2017;6:803-12
Goswami S, Deshmukh PR, Pawar R, Raut AV, Bhagat M, Mehendale AM. Magnitude of depression and its correlates among elderly population in a rural area of Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care [serial online] 2017 [cited 2019 Jul 16];6:803-12. Available from: http://www.jfmpc.com/text.asp?2017/6/4/803/225553
With the development of improved treatment regimes, better life-saving drugs, better prevention of infectious diseases, life expectancy in India has increased by 5 years, from 62.3 years for males and 63.9 years for females in 2001–2005 to 67.3 years and 69.6 years, respectively, in 2011–2015 and the projected life expectancy during 2012–2025 will be 69.8 and 72.3, respectively.[1] However, as people get older, they become vulnerable to different medical and psychological problems among which depression in this age group, needs a special mention. This problem is not new. In 1990, the World Health Organization (WHO) described depression as a major cause of disability globally. Mental and behavioral disorders are estimated to account for 12% of the burden of disease [2] worldwide which affect approximately 450 million [2] people. By the year 2020, depression will be the single most leading cause [3] of disability-adjusted life years in the developing countries. The WHO estimated that the overall rate of prevalence of depressive disorders among the elderly population generally varies between 10% and 20% depending on the cultural scenario.[4] The community-based mental health studies in India have revealed that the point prevalence of depressive disorders in the elderly Indian population varies between 13% and 25%.[5],[6],[7],[8]
Depression among the geriatric population is a neglected problem in India. Like other parts of the world, increased life expectancy, shift of disease pattern from communicable to noncommunicable, and decreased fertility rate resulted in increased number of elderly people in India. Due to modernization, people are now preferring to live in nuclear families, both in rural and urban areas, resulting in loneliness and lack of family as well as social support to the elderly, which adds on to their deteriorating health conditions, ultimately making them easy victims of depression. Although this scenario is not new, but still, depression among geriatric population remains an untold truth and is being severely neglected. Although a number of elderly friendly programs are being launched in India, but it lacks the zeal to deal with this problem of depression. Adding to it, it is unfortunate to say, in India, very few studies have been conducted in this topic resulting in lack of proper evidence of the burden of the disease. As a result of all these, the current study has been planned to be executed to know the magnitude of depression among the elderly masses in rural Wardha and to find its correlates, which may warrant for the future large-scale studies on the same topic, resulting in formulation of hardcore government initiatives to deal with the problem with iron hand.
Study settings
This is a cross-sectional study, carried out in the field practice area of the Rural Health and Training Centre (RHTC), under the Department of Community Medicine of a reputed medical college of central India which covers a population of 10,739. The RHTC runs community-owned village clinics in five different villages which provide curative, preventive, and promotive services to the rural masses. There are weekly specialist clinics at the RHTC including psychiatry. Apart from this, there are regular health awareness activities conducted in the villages by the village clinics.
The study was carried out among the elderly population (age ≥60 years) of both sexes residing in the rural area of the RHTC.
Sampling technique and sample size
Taking prevalence of depression among geriatric population to be 25%,[5],[9] absolute precision of 5, the sample size required for our study was 287 (≈290) for 95% confidence level. The sample size was calculated using OPEN EPI software.[10] Convenience sampling technique was used for the study.
The study participants included the elderly people of both sexes who attended the village health awareness activities conducted by the filed clinics and the elderly patients who visited the field clinics and voluntarily took part in the study and signed written consent.
Two tools were utilized for collecting the data for screening depression and their associated sociodemographic parameters.
Questionnaire for sociodemographic determinants
This questionnaire was prepared based on the standard questionnaire for the elderly given in the "The Status of Elderly in Selected states of India, 2011.[9]" This questionnaire was pretested and suitably modified to meet with the study objective. Using this questionnaire, we have captured a number of sociodemographic determinants of the participants, among which, the following are worthwhile to be mentioned.
Age ≥60 years is taken as geriatric age group in this study. The age groups are divided into three, 60–69 years, 70–79 years, and ≥80 years. We have included both sexes in our study. Marital status and schooling were also noted.
The questionnaire included questions on comorbidities, that is, if the study participants were suffering from any chronic diseases or not. This was self-reported by the participants when they were interviewed regarding their current health status and any history of medication. The comorbidities mostly included the presence of hypertension, diabetes, bodyache, backace, joint pain, respiratory distress, bladder and bowel problem, eye and ear problems, cancer, etc. The comorbidities were confirmed clinically wherever possible though no biochemical tests were done.
Similarly, the questionnaire also included a question, if they were neglected or had faced any sort of violence by family members/neighbors. We did not use any objective definition for neglect or violence, but the self-reported statement of the study participants were recorded in the study.
Annual individual income of the study participant was asked in the questionnaire and whether that person was still dependent on family members financially was noted. Regarding the "Working Status," we categorized it as "working" and "not-working." Those study participants, who were involved in "economically productive work," which meant, if they earned cash for the family or themselves, were regarded as "Working." Conversely, "Not-working" were those who did not earn money for the family or themselves, which included the homemakers and those involved in day-to-day household choirs.
The WHO geriatric depression scale [11] long form of 30 questions was utilized for screening the depression among the elderly population and to classify them into: (a) Normal (0–9), (b) mild (10–19), and (c) severe (20–30) depression. This scale had already been used and validated in India.
As per the curriculum of postgraduate training program in the Department of Community Medicine, the principal investigator was posted in RHTC for 2 months from October to November 2015, where he attended the village health clinics at five different villages under the field practice area of RHTC. This scope of rural posting was utilized for collection of data by interviewing the elderly (≥60 years) patients who visited the weekly field clinics and Rural Hospital and took part in the village health awareness program. Questions were asked in the language which the study subjects understood. Data collection was completed within the 2 months. In an average, 3–4 interviews were conducted per day.
Ethics approval was taken from the Institutional Ethical Committee before beginning the study. Written consent was taken from each participant before starting the interview. Cases of severe depression were referred to psychiatrist immediately and were later followed up. And those elderly people who were screened to have mild depression were counseled by the interviewer himself on repeated occasions.
Data entry and analysis was done using EPI Info 7 Software. The prevalence was expressed using percentage and 95% confidence interval (CI). Association with various determinants was studied using Odds ratio with 95% CIs derived using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
[Table 1] showed the age- and sex-wise distribution of the study subjects. Of the 290 study population, 129 were male and 161 females. It is seen that the maximum number of the population were in the age-group between 60 and 69 years.
Table 1: Age sex distribution among the study population (n=290)
In our study, 41.7% (95% CI 36.1–47.4) were suffering from depression, among which 63.7% were suffering from mild depression, and 36.37% were suffering from severe depression. In our study, the females (60.9%) were more likely to be depressed (33.3%), and it was found to be statistically significant.
[Table 2] showed the results of both univariate and multivariate logistic regression. In univariate logistic regression, higher odds were observed among the females (1.9 [95% CI 1.2–3.0]) as compared to the males; those elderly who were widowed or separated or divorced were also found to have higher odds (2.5 [95% CI 1.5–4.2]) when compared to the elderly population who were having spouse. Similar findings of having higher odds of 4.8 (95% CI 2.5–9.8) were found among those elderly who were suffering from any of the chronic illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, multiple joint pains, myalgia, respiratory problems, and cancer than those who were not suffering from those diseases. Odds were also found to be higher (4.4 [95% CI 1.3–20.3]) among the study population whose role as a decision maker in the family has decreased after becoming aged compared to those, who still took important decisions of the family. And lastly, the study population who reported to have been victim of abuse or violence or neglect, mostly by family members and neighbors, were also found to have higher odds of 2.7 (95% CI 1.5–4.9) when compared to those who never suffered from abuse, violence, or neglect.
Table 2: Association of socio demographic characteristics and depression (n=290)
Odds of older age groups (≥70 years), illiteracy, inability to work at present, decreased individual annual income, and financial and physical dependence were not found to be significantly higher than their counterparts. After adjusting for other factors in multivariate logistic regression, none of the factors were found to be significant.
In our study, magnitude of depression among the elderly population was found to be 41.7%. We also tried to look for association of depression with a number of factors such as age group, sex, marital status, schooling, working status, annual income, dependence, disease status, role as decision-maker, and whether being a victim of abuse or not. Although many of those factors showed positive correlation in univariate analysis, none of them showed a significant positive association in multivariate logistic regression.
The magnitude of depression (41.7%) among geriatric population, in our study, was found to be at par with other similar studies conducted at Salem, Kanchipuram, and Hoogly,[12],[13] India. However, in a study conducted in Northern India,[14] the prevalence of depression among elderly was found to be only 8.9%, one reason for this could be the inclusion of urban population in their study. After we detected the depressed elderly people, they were referred for psychiatric consultation and counseling at the RHTC during the weekly psychiatrist visit.
In the present study, the prevalence was seen to be highest in the age group of ≥ 80 years. Although age effect was not statistically significant, similar findings were found in the prevalence studies conducted by Chi et al.,[15] Rajkumar et al.,[16] and Sengupta et al.[17]
Studies [18],[19] conducted in different parts of India concluded that females were more likely to be depressed than the males. Elderly people who were living without their spouse, that is either being widowed or separated or being divorced and those who were suffering from chronic illnesses were also found to be suffering from depression in the studies conducted by Radhakrishnan et al[18] and Maulik et al.[13] Study conducted in Hoogly, West Bengal found that those elderly who were not involved in taking important decisions in the family had a higher prevalence of depression. In few studies,[17],[18],[19] they significantly found a higher prevalence of depression among those elderly people who were not educated and were not working to earn for family or themselves. Maulik et al[13] found a significant correlation of depression with no personal income that we did not get in our study.
A reason for all these differences between our study and the studies discussed might be because of different study settings and the sociocultural factors which differ in different settings.
Further, the difference in findings between our current study and the other studies could be explained by Rothman's model of causal pie.[20] In the causal pie model, outcomes result from sufficient causes. Each sufficient cause is made up of a "causal pie" of "component causes." Several different causal pies may exist for the same outcome. Now, the outcome, here, for example, depression among the elderly population, will occur, if and only if all component causes of a sufficient cause are present, that is, the causal pie is completed. Hence, the effect of a component cause depends on the presence of the other component causes that constituted some of the causal pie. This explains why we did not get any positive correlation of depression with any of the factors that we have studied.
There have been quite a few initiatives taken by Government of India for the health of the elderly population. Notable among them are the National Policy on Older Persons [21] and The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act 2007. These two policies have been integrated to launch the relatively new program dedicated to the elderly population under the name of National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE).[22] The benefits include free and specialized health-care facilities exclusively for the elderly people through the State health delivery system. The health packages under NPHCE include preventive, promotive, and curative care including referral facilities. The packages are well distributed as per the health facilities, namely subcenter, Primary health center, community health center, district hospital. Geriatric clinics and geriatric ward have been started in the regional geriatric centers.
The higher prevalence of depression observed among the elderly population is a matter to think about. No clear guidelines are available regarding the routine screening of depression for the geriatric population and their counseling. It has been also found that the elderly people seldom visit a doctor or a psychiatrist or a counselor. One reason for this may be the social taboo, apart from lack of availability of counselor or psychiatrist in the villages. Another reason could be the lack of community and social support of the elderly people. In spite of its flaws, old age home for those who were staying alone could be an important measure for supporting the elderlies and helping them fight depression.
Although a number of schemes are available for strengthening the elderly population with financial support, as the guidelines for getting the economic benefits from government are very strict, it is not being utilized, in the way it should have been. This study may work as an eye opener for measuring the burden of depression among the elderly and to find out its causes. While treating the elderly patients, the health personnel should be aware enough to rule out depression among the elderly, as many of them come with somatic symptoms such as headache, myalgia, and tension for which patients visit the general outdoor services, instead of visiting the psychiatrists.
Findings of our study must be looked through two limitations. First, our convenience sampling technique and secondly the cross-sectional nature of study design, as in these cases, the causal relationships could not be inferred, and results could not be generalized. As a result of this, a bigger mixed method study might be required to know the actual picture of depression among the geriatric population.
To deal with this huge social problem of depression among the elderly population, provision of screening programs and timely counseling facilities should be available in the community itself. Social security policies have to be revised, and initiatives have to be taken for community participation in dealing with this problem, so that, the younger members of the family, in spite of moving out of the family, leaving the old parents alone, may be involved in increasing the family support for them. The existing mental health program should give more stress on the problems of geriatric depression. Further, there is a great scope for the NGOs and other voluntary workers to participate in this process with a more active and enthusiastic approach.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Family Welfare Statistics in India; 2011. Available from: http://www.mohfw.nic.in/WrtiteReadData/l892/35. [Last updated on 2017 Apr 28; Last accessed on 2015 Nov 15].
Pilania M, Bairwa M, Kumar N, Khanna P, Kurana H. Elderly depression in India: An emerging public health challenge. Australas Med J 2013;6:107-11.
Qadir F, Haqqani S, Khalid A, Huma Z, Medhin G. A pilot study of depression among older people in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. BMC Res Notes 2014;7:409.
World Health Organization. World Report on Ageing and Health. Available from: http://www.apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/186463/1/9789240694811_eng.pdf?ua=1. [Last updated on 2015 Jun 04 Last accessed on 2015 Nov 02].
Barua A, Ghosh MK, Kar N, Basilio MA. Distribution of depressive disorders in the elderly. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2010;1:67-73.
Abhishekh HA, Karthik R, Shivakumar S, Balaji AL. Prevalence of depression in community dwelling elderly: Study from rural population. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2013;4 Suppl 1:S138.
Sinha SP, Shrivastava SR, Ramasamy J. Depression in an older adult rural population in India. MEDICC Rev 2013;15:41-4.
Prina AM, Ferri CP, Guerra M, Brayne C, Prince M. Prevalence of anxiety and its correlates among older adults in Latin America, India and China: Cross-cultural study. Br J Psychiatry 2011;199:485-91.
United Nations Population Fund. The Status of Elderly in Select States of India; 2011. Available from: http://www. AgeinginIndia-Surveyinstruments.pdf. [Last updated on 2012 Nov 03; Last accessed on 2015 Nov 04].
Dean AG, Sullivan KM, Soe MM. OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health, Version. Available from: http://www. OpenEpi.com. [Last updated on 2013 Jun 04; Last accessed on 2016 Dec 20].
Greenburg SA. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Hartfort Institute for Geriatric Nursing. Try This; November 4, 2012.
Venkoba RA. Psychiatry of old age in India. Int Rev Psychiatry 1993;5:165-70.
Maulik S, Dasgupta A. Depression and its determinants in the rural elderly of West Bengal: A cross sectional study. Int J Biol Med Res 2012;3:1299-302.
Tiwari SC. Geriatric psychiatric morbidity in rural northern India: Implications for the future. Int Psychogeriatr 2000;12:35-48.
Chi I, Yip PS, Chiu HF, Chou KL, Chan KS, Kwan CW, et al. Prevalence of depression and its correlates in Hong Kong's Chinese older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;13:409-16.
Rajkumar AP, Thangadurai P, Senthilkumar P, Gayathri K, Prince M, Jacob KS, et al. Nature, prevalence and factors associated with depression among the elderly in a rural south Indian community. Int Psychogeriatr 2009;21:372-8.
Sengupta P, Benjamin AI. Prevalence of depression and associated risk factors among the elderly in urban and rural field practice areas of a tertiary care institution in Ludhiana. Indian J Public Health 2015;59:3-8.
Radhakrishnan S, Nayeem A. Prevalence of depression among geriatric population in a rural area in Tamil Nadu. Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis 2013;3:309-12.
[Full text]
Seby K, Chaudhury S, Chakraborty R. Prevalence of psychiatric and physical morbidity in an urban geriatric population. Indian J Psychiatry 2011;53:121-7.
Wensink M, Westendorp RG, Baudisch A. The causal pie model: An epidemiological method applied to evolutionary biology and ecology. Ecol Evol 2014;4:1924-30.
Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. Government of India. National Policy on Older Persons. New Delhi; 1999.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Government of India. National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE). New Delhi. Available from: http://www.mohfw.nic.in/major-programmes/other-national-health-programmes/national-programme-health-care-elderlynphce. [Last accessed on 2017 Sep 22].
Goswami S
Deshmukh PR
Pawar R
Raut AV
Bhagat M
Mehendale AM
© Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Online since 25th August, 2011


Irvine, CA, November 30, 2008 – Online Trading Academy held its 4th All-Stars event this week in Chicago, bringing together students and some of Online Trading Academy's top instructors for a full day of education, trading demonstrations and question and answer sessions. This event, which had been exclusively for Online Trading Academy graduates, was opened for the first time to non-graduates. The All-Stars events have been held in Santa Ana, Newport Beach, London and most recently Chicago with many more planned for 2009. Very popular among Online Trading Academy graduates, more than 150 people attended the free one-day interactive workshop in Chicago.
The All-Stars event focuses on Online Trading Academy's commitment to students' success by bringing expert trading professionals into one room to share their trading insights and their secrets to successful trading. Fernando Gonzalez, Rob McNabb and Sam Seiden, all instructors of Online Trading Academy's Extended Learning Track courses, were panel speakers giving the audience instruction on how they teach using real market examples. The Extended Learning Track courses bring class instruction into the student's home via a virtual classroom.
Upcoming All-Star events include Los Angeles on December 9th, Santa Ana on January 13th, and Singapore on February 14th. Visit www.tradingacademy.com to register for these events or find more information about Online Trading Academy.