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HomeFstoppers Originals
Battling Sexism in Photography, One Story at a Time
by Anete Lusina
Today is the International Women's Day so while it's nice to celebrate how far gender equality has come, it's even more important to look at the issues still present in photography industry today.
Before we start discussing this topic, I wanted to take you all back to last week. My friend, who's a female photographer, got contracted for a commercial job and hired me as her assistant. On the day of the shoot, our subject, a male with several decades on us, greeted us with a confused face. After shaking our hands, he said, "this is very modern. I'm generally used to photographers that are men". This, of course, didn't stop my friend working hard to create a great rapport and deliver exactly what the client was looking for, all the while pushing that comment far away behind her. Devious or not, these types of comments are unnecessary and set us back several decades.
Photo by @btihal_remli from the series "Country of Women" In the valleys of the High Atlas in Morocco, where small Berber communities and some families are still living on itinerant pasture, the women are usually in charge of the animals: a cow, two or three goats, a few hens, and a donkey for carrying. There are only a few men and they are really discreet: adults are at the market in the valley, young men go abroad, and the elderly do some maintenance tasks here and there. Here, women and young girls are running entire villages. They carry the daily grind on their shoulders. These women ensure the survival of a territory and are gaining visibility, power and independence. The "Country of Women" is an ongoing series on a socio-economical portrait of contemporary rural Morocco.
A post shared by Women Photograph (@womenphotograph) on Jan 15, 2019 at 2:37am PST
So, why do we still keep hearing comments like these? The reality is that women now make up the majority of students in undergraduate and graduate photojournalism degrees, according to The Guardian, and yet only 15 percent of entries to the World Press Photo awards were those of women. You may question the quality of work by the said women or even mention the lack of confidence as the reason for not entering, which is partially true, however, the issue stems deeper. Freelance photographer Daniella Zalcman offers her explanation by noting that "women are not getting many of the most important assignments from the wire services, newspapers or magazines, and that there are still telling gender disparities in the industry".
Photo by @sahiba_chawdhary Hi, I am Sahiba Chawdhary, a photojournalist from India and I'll be sharing images from my series chronicaling the demolition of Phnom Penh's famous White Building - "Light Out for White Building". Chhet Saveourn (right) with her family. Saveourn's family is one among 493 who are leaving the building, which is slated to be razed and redeveloped by Japanese firm Arakawa Co. While given the option to leave and come back once the project is finished, almost all the families have chosen to take a buyout and relocate around the city. The low-cost civic housing structure of Phnom Penh, was built in 1963, ultimately faced its demolition in 2017. It was commissioned under the reign of Cambodian King Norodom Sihanouk to promote urban housing, and faced its end to pave way for urbanization. As the families pack-up to relocate, residents recount memories of a lifetime.
A post shared by Women Photograph (@womenphotograph) on Feb 16, 2019 at 4:49am PST
As a response to potential editor queries, who may say they have issues finding properly qualified and experienced female photographers for various locations and assignments, Zalcman has created an answer to this. Namely, an online database, "Women Photograph", which contains work of 400 women from 67 countries. Unfortunately, while Zalcman does not believe that this list will directly solve issues in photojournalism, she does hold a hope for showing editors that there isn't a shortage of qualified female photographers, "just a lack of equitable hiring".
Back in LA feeling A-OK 👌 @moannn for #modelmaison
A post shared by Cybele Malinowski (@cybism) on Sep 23, 2018 at 10:23pm PDT
Similarly, photographer Cybele Malinowski, after experienced her fair share of discrimination in the industry, together with entrepreneur Angela Liang co-founded Agender, which is "a platform for female photographers designed to exchange ideas and advance careers". They are already hosting their second annual exhibition, named "Balance for Better", which opens up today to mark International Women's Day, with half of the sale profits going to Sydney Women's Fund. The whole point of the exhibition is both to celebrate women and also to show to future female photographers that "if you're hungry, you're talented, you're driven, you can definitely get there".
AGENDER PREVIEW Wild + Free by @Elisehassey⠀ ⠀ Sneak peek of our 2nd annual show @sunstudios 9-31st March celebrating @internationalwomensday⠀ ⠀ What does the International Women's Day #balanceforbetter mean to you?⠀ ⠀ "Having an equal, balanced and non non discriminative representation and opportunity for everyone within the industry. We're all born free and equal, and all need to take personal responsibility in practicing inclusiveness, support and encouragement to all our fellow humans."⠀ ⠀ You can see Elise's work, and the work of 21 other incredible Australian female photographers from 9-31st March @Sunstudios Sydney⠀ ⠀ #agenderAU #IWD #internationalwomensday #femalephotographer
A post shared by agender_au (@agender_au) on Feb 27, 2019 at 6:14pm PST
Liang believes that it all goes back to our childhood and how men are generally taught "to be bold and assertive, women are taught to be apologetic", which Liang believes contributes to women being more likely to suffer from imposter syndrome, which in return makes it more difficult to approach potential opportunities or pitch ideas. Therefore, on the surface it may seem that if women wanted it enough, they could have achieved it but in reality, it's a lot more complicated than that because it's not just the lack of confidence at fault.
"Brutal Truth" "Creativity is genderless. It has no stereotype. We as humans, are still evolving to accept this equality. I believe Agender is a platform to collaborate and celebrate human ingenuity' #brutaltruth #brutalism #truth #creativity #ingenuity #architecture #fashion #form #woman #juliettaylor@juliettaylor @agender_au @debutmanagement @thevintageaisle @face_slayer666
A post shared by agender_au (@agender_au) on Mar 7, 2018 at 11:03am PST
While the conversation is not about giving one priority over another, it's rather about giving equal opportunities at the very start. Giving visibility to role models in the industry is just one of the steps to be taken, for young girls to gain confidence and see clear examples of women who have already succeeded. A New York freelance photographer, Natalie Keyssar, noted that she doesn't believe we are doing "enough to teach young girls to stand up straight and say "I deserve this job, and I'm the best person for the job"", which she has also seen during portfolio reviews, where she felt compelled to tell younger women "to not apologize for their work because the young man before her didn't".
These are just a few examples, and the reality is that the things that are said or the decisions that are made often grow out of unconscious bias instilled within us. Liang explains, "many creative directors and producers will simply go back to the same photographers they've already worked with time and time again, who are more often than not male", thus further continuing the stereotype that "women should stick to what they know: weddings, beauty, children, families".
Photo by @lena_mucha |Giovanny, 21, he joined the ELN at the age of 14. 2. Photo: Young ELN fighters standing in the central square of the village during the daily morning address. Among the group, the majority are teenagers between 14 and 17 years. "I am not afraid of being killed. I am fighting for a better future for our families.", says one of the teenagers. Last year I had the opportunity to spend some time with young rebel fighters in Colombia. After the FARC gave up their weapons in mid 2017, the ELN - the National Liberation Army - , is the last armed rebel group in Colombia. As politicians and media talk peace, the ELN is preparing for war, dangling love and justice to recruit teenagers into their ranks. In remote camps in the eastern department Chocó, they are trained to fight, as the ceasefire with the government ended in early January. The motivation for these teenagers goes beyond a political ideology. Due to a lack of opportunities many see it as the only way to leave their homes, escape domestic violence or in search for a sense in their lives. Daily life in these camps might look like a summer camp, but their unwitting role in a complex political situation is much more sinister. The ELN is 2000-2500 strong, and judging by the speeches made to groups of children as young as 8, there are no plans to lay down their weapons. My name is Lena Mucha. I am a German photojournalist based between Berlin and Colombia. In my work I focus on stories related tohuman rights, gender aspects and social changes within societies and ethnic groups that are mainly under-reported. Thanks for following!
A post shared by Women Photograph (@womenphotograph) on Jan 7, 2019 at 1:35pm PST
Although we should be thankful for how much further the industry has already come from its early age, equally we should not lose the sight in ignorance of "I haven't seen it, therefore it doesn't occur" or "It has not happened to me, therefore it doesn't exist". It may become tiring to some to keep the conversation going but that's the least we can do to help those in the industry already as well as those only dreaming about it being a part of their future. We all have the power to make conscious changes in how we treat other people and as such we all have the power to help steer out industry the right way, starting today and continuing every day.
The Guardian, The New York Times
Anete Lusina is a photographer based in West Yorkshire, UK. You'll either find her shooting weddings, documentary, or street photography across the U.K. and Europe, or perhaps doing the occasional conceptual shoot.
anetelusina.com
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Robert K Baggs - March 8, 2019
A brilliant and important article. One of the difficulties with this discussion is just how passionate people get and it clouds the rational and logical points being made, at least in my experience. One thing I do wonder, and I hope this doesn't get misinterpreted, is how much of an impact decision making of the different genders plays. For example (and this is anecdotal evidence), I would think more family portrait photographers and photographers of children will be women these days than men. Similarly, I would think more sports photographers are men than women which. I presume both of these is as a result of choices.
With the imbalance in gender distribution of photojournalism, I wonder if it is a result of choices. I can't see how it could be given the widespread and diverse nature of photojournalism, but I find it so hard to believe anyone in this day and age could habitually gravitate towards one gender over another regardless of the candidates' bodies of work. I would have thought that editors (or whomever makes these decisions) would look through portfolios and then choose the most appropriate artist. Then again, I'm a white male who hasn't faced discrimination, so it's not unlikely that my shock is as a result of a lack of real-world experience!
Again, great article, Anete. Let's hope the comments are as reasonable and engaging!
Claire Whitehead Robert K Baggs - March 9, 2019
"Choice" is a really complex topic, I don't think it's right to dismiss any issue as being a free choice.
We say women 'choose' to stay at home with kids - when very few dads ever consider the option.
We say women 'choose' to remove their body hair, when you're met with ridicule, or even disgust when you don't.
Choice is limited by the world around us.
Socialization is massive. Take Street Photography for example.
Getting up taking pictures of strangers. I love looking at it, but doing it?
I honestly feel like a massive A**hole to go around shoving a camera in peoples faces. I've seen amateur street photographers take pictures of myself or other women and it's actually made me unconformable (they don't ask). I have learnt to be so much more socially aware of the space I take up and the effect I have on others around me.
We also have the social norms around work, SO many of my favorite Photographers and Videographers I follow on Youtube, are dudes jetting off around the world.But all have wives and kids at home who manage their entire home and family life for them.
If I expected a partner to do that for me, especially if I was going to 'dangerous' places, I would be made to feel like I am doing something wrong, like I am a cold-hearted bitch leaving other people at home to worry about me. While for men, this is kind of an idealized, soldier-like sacrifice.
Expectations in society are subtle, but we all pick up on them. I can clearly envision how people would react to my actions, breaking gender norms, the same way a dude would be able to imagine how others would react if you walked outside wearing a dress.
No one ever told you specifically not to do it. But it's so not normal, you just know what would happen if you did.
Ken Flanagan Claire Whitehead - March 9, 2019
Do think men are under less social pressure than women? Genuine question.
Nathan McMahon - March 8, 2019
Great piece!
Mick Ryan - March 8, 2019
A welcome article. I am curious as to how many decades this man had on you and your firend. I'm 53 but wouldn't even blink if a female photographer turned up (or doctor or anyone else for that matter) but I know my dad would, but he's nearly 90.
Anete Lusina Mick Ryan - March 8, 2019
I think he was in his early 60's but him and his family seem to be more on the conservative side, although highly educated and also very wealthy. I agree, it is not something I generally have run into myself so I can count myself lucky in that respect and I'm confident things are getting better. One of my best friends is a male photographer in his early 70s as we seem to have so much common it's almost bizarre but we both think that's down to him having travelled across the world several times and having been exposed to different parts of the world throughout his life which has opened his mind on many things. I can only hope that people who do frown upon female photographers are in minority and their numbers are decreasing every day!
Chris Cameron - March 8, 2019
It would be interesting to see what the ratio of female PJs to Total PJs is compared to the assignments issued.
I doubt the 400 female PJs list is all there are but I would guess that there are still many more men who choose the PJ career over women. Going to school to study doesn't mean you end up doing what you studied. Also having not studied doesn't mean you can't do the job.
Studio 403 - March 8, 2019 [Edited]
Got to take a shot at this sexism mantra. My perspective is not from what business does concerning hiring women or men. I more convinced a lot of noise is being shouted out all in the name of women. If I was hiring someone to shoot, I want only best qualified person who can give me what I want and I am paying for, regardless of sex, color, religion and what every else. of course all this has to be nuanced. Let the market drive this engine. I lose work all the time because I am a man. But its not sexism for me. Clients wants a woman to shoot who has equal talent as me. So what, big deal! I just need to figure out how to beat out any photographer, man or women . I am not in denial that folks, and women lose work for the reasons in this post. I make this claim.Sexism is not a "bad thing" and I have found no one to date who can give a clear cut definition of sexism as it is understood today. A bias will always exist. No has the right to my choice of whom I hire. Motives are hard to prove. What we have is, jargon baited with guilt and shame. it is important to discuss sexism in this field. But lets be clear, Lindsey Adler will always trump me and get all the work and I won't. I am just not that good as Ms Adler. Remember 65% of the nations wealth are in the hands of women. Check out Forbes for this. My sexism rant for the day
Andy Day Studio 403 - March 9, 2019
I disagree and unfortunately don't have time to go into why, but wanted to quickly say thank you for offering your perspective in a constructive and reasoned manner. You make some excellent points. 😊
honderd woorden - March 8, 2019 [Edited]
I agree with the message and I think it needs to be addressed until equality is the norm.
>>Devious or not, these types of comments are unnecessary and set us back several decades.<<
I understand comments can be (perceived as) sexist even if the one making them didn't have the intention to do so and we need to make people aware of that, even if they think they are just stating a fact like being used to photographers that are men because most photographers are actually male.
These things happen to all of us though. You wrote "…a male with several decades on us…" and I assume that is also a fact and you didn't write it with the intention of suggestion all (most) males over the age of 50 are sexists. Was it necessary to mention his age? If he was your own age would it make any difference? I don't think so.
My point is unintentional sexism or other kinds of discrimination can be corrected with relative ease by make people aware of it. The difficulty is to change the minds of people who don't believe in equality.
David Pavlich - March 8, 2019
I'm a proponent of choosing the best person to fulfill my need, be it photography, plumbing, painting, window washing, etc, etc. Equality for the sake of equality leads to inferior end products or service. If person 'A' is the best fit for my needs, then it's person A because he/she is the best, not because the person is a he or a she.
Stas Aleksandersson - March 9, 2019
Jesus fucking Christ, here we go again. How dare he say something like this?! Would men be set back decades if they heard "oh I used to nurses being usually female"?
Would it be ok if that older man were a woman?..
Is it ok to say "I'm used for a brick layer and a plumber to be a man, I'm used to see men crab fishing, paying for food and drinks on first dates"?
Anete Lusina Stas Aleksandersson - March 9, 2019
Personally, in any of those scenarios I wouldn't even consider that as a thought let alone as a comment out loud.
E S Stas Aleksandersson - March 9, 2019 [Edited]
Sir, would you please not say that I that I F* Christ.
My middle name is Jesus and I don't do that stuff...
Why do people have to say that phrase?!
Timothy Roper - March 9, 2019 [Edited]
In her book, "It's What I Do," Lynsey Addario talks about how getting captured and raped was her biggest fear while covering armed conflicts. So there's also that added risk and fear for some jobs/stories, that many women may not be willing to take on.
William Howell - March 9, 2019 [Edited]
Anete Lusina, I think that man who has several decades on you, oh, by the way, such a clever turn of phrase! :)
I think the "old" man may have been giving you a "challenging" compliment. You know, like, "let's see how you gals do"! And he was most likely rooting for you guys to outclass the men that he has dealt with before.
I have surmised why there aren't any female David LaChapelle's or Martin Schoellers', the reason is equipment. Those two photographers probably use up to twenty lights, for a single shoot. And they shoot with cameras that are quantum leap above my Nikon D500. The female photographers I follow and subscribe to, don't use these tools.
The only way anyone can duplicate these light setups and the photography that these light setups yield, is to purchase the equipment.
Mr Hogwallop William Howell - March 10, 2019
When you get to LaChapelle, Scholler or Leibovitz's level there's more telling assistants and lighting techs what to do and where to do it than actual touching a light or setting up cameras.
Heck there are times that I have three or four assistants on a job, they do the heavy lifting.
Rent, don't buy.
William Howell Mr Hogwallop - March 10, 2019 [Edited]
Hey, thank you for the reply.
Now for me, photography is my Bass fishing, I love doing it all the time, you know with my free time.
It is my avocation.
Yeah, that's what I mean, when you wrote, you need assistants for the movement of all the stuff. And from my studying of photographers that do complex visuals, it takes a lot of equipment.
Oh yeah, there is no way a photographer would even want that much equipment. I watch a lot rental house videos, because I knew that's just too much to own. I buy the Buff lights, so I can save for their strobes easier, and they're good. And I have unique light modifiers. That's something I noticed you guys use, unique modifiers, and they look uncheap, very uncheap. And that's probably just the tip of the iceberg.
If you any tips or tricks...
Mr Hogwallop William Howell - March 11, 2019 [Edited]
A long time ago, when we first moved to LA I worked the overnight at PIX a rental place that was open 24/7. When I would show up at 10pm it would be obvious that Annie was in town as most of the Profoto and R767 gear was gone and there was a 10 foot long rental printout on the counter. I was always glad I didn't need to check all that stuff back in!
I asked her assistant why they need so much stuff, and he said they set up about 6-8 places to shoot to optimize the time the subject is on set. And they needed backups of backups for everythingb
if/when it breaks.
Scott Andrews - March 10, 2019
With respect to the author, this article feels like it's 10 years old. While the observations may continue to be true, especially reference to the old man, the topic has moved on. See LinkedIn etc, photography is no different than other industries (on this topic)
I also disagree with 'positive discrimination' such as 'platform for female photographers designed to exchange ideas and advance careers.'
This attitude of separation to create equality is just as damaging as current generations of men continuing to treat women as less than equal.
If FStoppers really wants to contribute to changing attitudes, why don't you challenge the huge amount of poor portraits that get high ratings because the female model is being overly objectified?
For example, the current community challenge on 'strength'. Number of poorly lite models, with very tight pants on and is suggestively bent over.
It's boring, insulting and childish and puts me off entering competitions.


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Homechevron_rightIndiachevron_rightJharkhand gets BJP...
date_range 23 Dec 2014 8:48 PM GMT
Jharkhand gets BJP government, Modi says it's for stability
Ranchi/New Delhi: The BJP Tuesday emerged victorious and prepared to form its government in Jharkhand, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi saying the people have "voted for stability which is essential to realise the true potential of the state".
The BJP won 30 seats and were leading in eight seats, while its pre-poll alliance partner the All Jharkhand Students Union (AJSU) got four seats and was leading in a fifth -- taking them comfortably past the magic halfway mark of 41 in the 81-member assembly.
"People of Jharkhand have voted for stability which is essential to realise the true potential of the state. I congratulate them," said Modi who had campaigned vigorously in Jharkhand, a state that is home to 3.2 million.
The vote share of the BJP went up from last time's 24 percent to 31 percent now.
The party also did remarkably well in the tribal Santhal Pargana region that has 18 assembly segments. The BJP won seven seats in the tribal belt, a marked improvement from just two seats it held earlier.
The ruling Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) failed to improve its performance, winning 17 seats and leading in just one -- a tally that was same as last time.
"We are disappointed with our performance. We were expecting 30 plus seats... We are hopeful of getting more than 20 seats two more than that in the previous polls," Supriyo Bhattacharya, general secretary of the JMM, told IANS.
He added: "The alliance with Congress and RJD could have kept the BJP away from power. The Congress stand to part ways helped the BJP win in Jharkhand."
The Congress-RJD combine bagged a miserable three seats and a lead in four constituencies.
Congress spokesperson Kishore Shadeo said the results show that their organisation has improved and they have managed to snatch seats from the JMM.
BJP cadres were ecstatic in Jharkhand as well as in Delhi. The celebrations began soon after the trends indicated that the party was coasting home to victory.
A beaming BJP chief Amit Shah said in Delhi: "It is for the first time that people of Jharkhand have given a clear mandate in an assembly election to the BJP. We will form a majority government."
Shah credited the victory in Jharkhand to the achievements of Modi's six-month-old central government.
"People's love and respect for Modi has translated into this victory (in Jharkhand)," Shah said, referring to a state that has seen a as many as nine chief ministers in the past 14 years.
Jharkhand, which became a state in November 2000, has rich mineral resources including uranium. The state has a third of India's coal reserves and a quarter of India's copper reserves.
BJP national vice president Raghbubar Das, who is a contender for the chief minister's post and has won from East Jamshedpur constituency, told IANS that they will form the government in the state.
He said that the BJP parliamentary board will take a call on who will be the chief minister.
Arjun Munda, considered a strong contender for chief ministership, was defeated in Kharsawa constituency.
The other former chief ministers who were electorally stung include Babulal Marandi and Madhu Koda.
Marandi, the first chief minister of Jharkhand and president of the Jharkhand Vikas Morcha, lost the election from both the Dhanwar and Giridih constituencies.
Jai Bharat Samanta Party candidate Koda lost the election from the Majhgao constituency.
Chief Minister Hemant Soren won from the Barhait assembly constituency but lost from Dumka.
State BJP president Ravindra Kumar Rai told IANS: "We were hoping to get a two-third majority but have fallen short of the 50 seats we were hoping to win."
The BJP, which contested the polls in alliance with the AJSU and the Lok Janshakti Party (LJP), fielded candidates in 72 seats. The AJSU had put up candidates in eight places. The LJP had one candidate.
The Congress contested 60 seats while its ally RJD fielded 19 candidates. The CPI and CPI-M fielded candidates respectively in 24 and 13 constituencies.

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Browse ›› Home › Archive by category 'developement'
Nitin Gadkari lays foundation stone for four laning of National Highway 6
AKOLA: Union Minister Nitin Gadkari laid foundation stone for the four-laning of the Akola-Murtizaur section on National Highway 6.
Gadkari, who laid the foundation yesterday, assured all round development of west Vidharbha region in Maharashtra comprising of three districts of Akola, Washim and Buldana in next five years.
The Union Surface Transport Minister said developmental works worth Rs 50,000 crores would be completed in west Vidarbha region in next 5 years.
Gadkari also dedicated the Raj Rajeshwari Setu to the public.
Work of road construction covering 194 kms distance from Amravati to Chikhli would be completed in next 2.5 years, he added.
He said funds will made available for health education and transport hubs along NH 06 at Akola in near future.
He asked BJP MP Sanjay Dhote to obtain the 40 acres of land needed for the hub.
Taking a swipe at Congress, he said the party failed to give justice to the people in all respects during its rule of long tenure in the country.
Dhotre and other local leaders were present on the occasion.
Source: Economic Times
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under About, developement, Government (Govt), Highway
six changes needed for better transportation
It is just a welcome coincidence that a single party majority government has come in the centre at the time when the country just laid out its National Transport Development Policy for the next 20 years. As per the policy, if India has to grow its GDP at 8-9%, it needs to increase its investment in infrastructure six times from current USD 45 billion to USD 250 billion by 2032. This translates increasing the investment in infrastructure from 5.8% of GDP (during 11th FYP) to 8% of GDP by the end of 2031-32
Investment of this scale would not only require significant government funding, but also building enabling environment to attract private capital, domestically as well as foreign. This would require government to take quick, planned and timely reforms across levels – policy, operational, institutional and capacity.
Urgent need for investment
According to the Global Competitiveness Report 2013-14 of World Economic Forum, India stands at 85th and 61st position in the global ranking of infrastructure and transport, respectively amongst group of 148 countries.
Since, investment in infrastructure sector, particularly transportation has multiplier effect on the economic growth; there is an urgent need for investment in these sectors to bring back economy on high growth trajectory. Hence, when the new government will table its first budget in July, 2014, it will have to strike balance between the prevailing inflation and long waiting reforms to remobilize funds in the transportation sector, which shall lay foundation for a long-term growth. For example in highways, there is an immediate need to rebalance the concession agreements, to move the struck projects and attract private sector interest in the upcoming projects.
Concept of revenue guarantees, as being used in some of the Latin American and developed countries, where government shares with private sector, both upside potential and downside risk of traffic, beyond a threshold, should be brought in to attract investor confidence and lender's comfort.
At the same time it is important for NHAI, if it is moving to EPC model, to build its own pool of resources. For this purpose, fast tracking implementation of electronic toll collection to maximize toll revenues and raising funds through long-term bonds and capitalize its toll revenue earnings for interest and principal repayments, can be explored. In fact, India can learn from experience of Japanese Expressway Holding and Debt Repayment Agency, which used bond funds to develop expressways in Japan. These bonds were duly backed by government guarantees to provide security to bond subscriber.
Special Projects for Rural Development
To increase penetration in villages, particularly for effective implementation of food security, it is critical to continue fillip programs like Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY-II), which are critical for farm to market linkages and connectivity to rural growth centres.
An Integrated Transport System
Probably, it is right time for the government to think transport as an integrated system and all its components (rail, road, port and airways) should work in a holistic manner. Different modes of transport between two nodes should be developed based on the principles of demand-supply and balance between time and fuel cost. For instance, if time is not a constraint (non-perishable goods), goods can be transported using IWT or coastal shipping.To achieve this, coastal terminals at select ports and deeper stretches of the rivers (LAD) can be developed. For other routes, rail and road connectivity with ports should be enhanced on PPP basis.
Develop low-cost Airports
Similarly, low-cost airports in tier-II and tier-III cities can be developed which can be integrated with high speed rails at select stretches. This will provide faster connectivity to the entire country and thereby unlock growth potential .To move goods through airport, similar to inland ports and container depots, off-airport cargo processing facilities can be developed.
Moreover, these facilities to be ably augmented by cold chains in the vicinity of low cost airports, which can facilitate warehousing and dispatching cargo of perishable goods. This will help reduce congestion and delays at airports. Development of such off-airport facilities can be defined as infrastructure and the respective benefits should be extended accordingly.
E-vehicles to Boost Urban Transportation
There is also a need to boost urban transport within the cities. In this regard, recent announcement of government to treat e-rickshaws with motor power of 650mw as non-motorised vehicles in the NCR is a welcome step. However, government will have to be mindful that although e-rickshaws are environment friendly, their use should not go out of proportions to increase congestion in already cramped up roads.
Hence, government should promote setting up of state level funding agencies to finance urban transport projects. Central government should facilitate states setting up such bodies and providing government guarantees to securing funds from international financial institutions.
Implementation through Fiscal Incentives
However, to effectively execute the above ideas, it is also important to back them by suitable fiscal incentives. Some of these include:
- relaxation of ECB norms for borrowing by infrastructure companies,
- extension of tax incentives on major augmentation of existing infrastructure, in particular Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul ('MRO') services in airlines,
- extension of depreciation on expenditure incurred to develop public assets on BOT, which is not owned by
private sector, even for the sector other than roads
- exemption of MAT for infrastructure sector during 80IA period.
At the outset, there is a lot to be done, which poses a big challenge, but also presents an opportunity for the government for creating much needed transport infrastructure for doing business. Although, industry expects government to respond timely on the above hard-pressed reforms, in the upcoming budget Government will have to strike balance between its
revenues and easing of complex net of regulations and approvals to enhance the value-addition process and making us more competitive. .
Source:The Economic Times
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under About, Blogs, developement
Rajasthan plans 20,000 km of State Highways
Giving a major push to better road connectivity and tourism, Rajasthan Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje announced the Budget for 2014-15 presented in the Assembly on Monday.
The total Plan outlay for the budget is Rs 69,820 crore, an increase of 72 per cent as against the last budget. The estimated revenue surplus stands at Rs 737 crore and the fiscal deficit at Rs 20,186 crore, which is 3.52 per cent of the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP). The estimated budgetary deficit for the year 2014-15 is Rs 3,151 crore whereas the total revenue Receipts are estimated to be Rs 1,06,125 crore and the estimated revenue raised by the State is likely to be Rs 40,655 crore –18 per cent higher than the previous fiscal year.
Ms Raje also announced the setting up of a Rajasthan State highway authority for laying 20,000 km of State Highways. Six roads of 1,000 km would be developed as east-west corridor. To be developed under public-private partnership (PPP) mode, contracts would be given on the basis of output and performance-based roads construction system. "There will be penalty and incentives for builders as per the performance," she said. All nationalised routes would be de-nationalised in a phased manner and the bus stops will be constructed with latest amenities.
Taking on the previous Congress government for initiating work on metro in hurried manner for political gains, Ms Raje said an amount of Rs 3,000 crore had been invested for laying a 12- km-long metro line. Economically, the Jaipur Metro is not feasible proposition and the same amount could have been utilised for laying 110 road over-bridges and 5,000 km of road across the State, she said.
Source: The Hindu
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under developement, Highway, Road Transport and Highways (Ministry)
Further funds to support Indian roads
Written by Helen Wright – 16 Dec 2013
The World Bank has approved a US$ 175 million loan to improve connectivity in the state of Gujarat.
The funds will go towards the Second Gujarat State Highway Project, which aims to improve 635 km of the road network passing through 16 districts within the state, particularly the underdeveloped eastern tribal region.
"This project will build on our long engagement in the road sector in India by connecting small and remote habitations in the lagging tribal regions of east Gujarat to the mainstream," said Onno Ruhl, World Bank country director for India.
The latest funds come after a string of World Bank loans supporting the development of India's roads this year, including US$ 660 million awarded in October towards India's National Highways Interconnectivity Improvement Project and the Rajasthan Road Sector Modernisation Project.
In March, the World Bank said it planned to continue its level of annual assistance of between US$ 3 billion to US$ 5 billion a year to India over the next four years with the aim of boosting development in low-income states.
Source-http://www.khl.com
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under developement, Highway, Infrastructure, Road
Tariff dodging takes its toll on India's highway developers
BY MATTHIAS WILLIAMS
(Reuters) – Flashing lights on the roof, tailgating politicians' motorcades, smashing up toll booths, and beating up toll collectors.
Welcome to India's network of privately run highways, where endemic toll dodging is a drag on the finances of road operators such as GVK Power and Infrastructure and Reliance Infrastructure, and a deterrent to private investment in a country where poor infrastructure shaves an estimated 2 percentage points from economic growth each year.
Ambulances, fire trucks and the cars of senior government officials are among those exempted from paying tolls, but other drivers often claim a free ride, said Isaac George, GVK's chief financial officer.
"If an MP (member of parliament) has to be exempted, it's not just his car that is exempted. The entire entourage which follows or goes in front seeks an exemption," he said. "The government has to do something because these are all revenue leakages."
India's cash-strapped government wants private companies to double their share of the cost of building roads and bridges by 2017 from about a fifth in the last five years.
Eight out of every 10 road projects, however, miss revenue expectations in their first year, with the shortfall as high as 45 percent, according to a 2012 study by Fitch Ratings. The slowing economy, and sometimes inflated forecasts, are partly to blame, but toll dodging is a significant factor, said Fitch India analyst S. Nandakumar.
"There is obviously resistance to tolling, particularly for brownfield or greenfield toll roads which have been tolled for the first time," he said.
THEFT, BEATINGS
The resistance to paying tolls is part of a wider pushback against India's attempt to charge for services such as electricity that have been heavily subsidised or free, and which are plagued by under-investment.
Drivers use threats, violence, protests and claims of powerful connections to demand toll exemptions. Road developers lose up to a tenth of their toll revenues because of dodgers, said Vishwas Udgirkar, an infrastructure specialist at consultancy Deloitte.
IRB Infrastructure Developers could not levy tolls on one road for nearly two years due to protests in the western state of Maharashtra, where Mumbai is located. Charges began on Oct. 17, after a court ordered the local government to provide police protection.
Last month, security camera footage showed 6 men, armed with rods, assaulting staff and stealing money from a toll booth outside New Delhi. Two years ago, a toll collector was shot dead during a payment dispute at a booth near Gurgaon, where cars are charged 27 rupees (44 cents).
This lawlessness comes at an economic cost.
The government awarded less than a fifth of its target for new road construction contracts to private companies in the last fiscal year, official data shows. GVK and GMR Infrastructure both pulled out of road projects stalled by bureaucracy. In July, local media reported that IRB pulled out of bidding for a harbour crossing in Mumbai because of its toll collection woes in Maharashtra.
In a bid to tackle toll dodging and ease congestion at toll gates, Road Transport Minister C.P. Joshi said he wants all national highways to use electronic tolls by 2014.
A senior government official, however, was less concerned.
"I won't deny this is an issue," he said, declining to be named as he did not want to publicly speak about the issue. "We are not concerned about his (a company's) loss of revenue. He should be concerned about it."
MAFIAS AND MINIONS
India's toll roads tend to be better maintained and less congested than public routes. But unlike in Europe, for example, private roads, and not state roads, tend to become the main route between cities, leaving drivers with little choice.
This breeds resentment, especially if the road is pot-holed, unsafe or snarled by mind-numbing traffic.
Raju, who lives in Delhi, used to put a red flashing light on his car to pass himself off as a lawmaker to avoid tolls. He's now befriended the driver of a genuine politician and often joins his entourage when travelling in northern India.
"They don't provide facilities, so why should I pay a toll?" said Raju, who declined to give his full name. Highways are often congested, he said, and once, when he had a flat tyre on his way to a funeral, he waited two hours before help arrived.
Waiting for government help, and attitudes to shift, could take years.
K. Ramchand, managing director at road builder IL&FS Transportation Networks Ltd, said one way to manage toll dodgers was to let them have their way in the early days of the project.
"Most of the toll deviants are … cars normally owned by either the local mafia, the minister or his cronies," he said. "It's safer to keep them on your side and give them a free pass."
"Otherwise what happens is, these 30-40 followers come on the toll plaza, make a noise and then everybody falls into that mob mentality and then it becomes a big issue," he added. (Additional reporting by Anindito Mukherjee; Editing by Tony Munroe and Miral Fahmy)
Source-http://www.reuters.com
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under developement, Highway
Decision on post-contract sops for highway developers by December
By Vikas Dhoot & YASHODHARA DASGUPTA, ET Bureau |
The highways ministry and National Highways Authority of India believe the post-contract concession will benefit 40 stalled projects.
NEW DELHI: Financially stressed highway developers seeking a bailout from the Centre will get to know by next month whether their demands are going to be accepted.An expert panel set up by the Cabinet under the Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council chairman C Rangarajan will examine whether any concession should be given to developers in the form of deferral of the premium payment they had committed to while bidding for the highway contracts.
The panel, expected to be formally constituted this week, will also consider the moral hazard of allowing such post-contract concessions that the highways ministry and National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) believe will benefit 40 stalled projects in this case.
"I am now studying the problem in terms of whether a) if any concession should be given at all, and b) if given, what form should it take and how should it work," Rangarajan told ET. "Because it's a post-contract concession, we will have to work that (moral hazard) out. We will have one month to submit our report from the time it is formally set up," he added.
The government had decided to set up the committee under Rangarajan in October to work out the modalities of the highlycontentious bailout policy which has been discussed for much of the past year.
The Planning Commission and finance ministry had initially objected to the policy due to concerns over maintaining the sanctity of public private partnerships (PPP) and the potential moral hazard in renegotiating existing contracts.
Opinions between the highway ministry and NHAI are still divided. The highways authority has told the panel that the discount rate should be kept at 10%, no penalty should be imposed and no corporate guarantee should be taken from developers, a person familiar with the matter said.
The ministry, on the other hand, is in favour of a 12% discount rate as well as imposition of penalty, which was suggested by the finance ministry to avoid any undue advantage to a handful of developers.
Industry experts have, however, cautioned of the adverse impact the delay in decision-making would have on the already stagnant investment flows in the highways sector. "The more there is delay in taking a decision, the more it is unlikely to come about before elections.
At this stage, the committee should work on the modalities of the policy instead of going back to the basic question if this should be done at all.
A decision needs to be taken by December because once the results of the state elections are out, there will be political turmoil and a reluctance to take decisions," said Vishwas Udgirkar, senior director at Deloitte, adding that the industry was unlikely to bid for new projects until the resolution of the issue since such a renegotiation could set a precedent for shaping future contracts.
According to a person familiar with the matter, Rangarajan has asked for inclusion of Planning Commission secretary Sindhushree Khullar, road ministry secretary Vijay Chhibber and PMEAC secretary Alok Sheel in the group, besides NHAI chairman RP Singh and expenditure secretary RS Gujral, whose names were included at the time the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs was deliberating on the matter.
Source-http://economictimes.indiatimes.com
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under CCEA, developement, Highway
Odisha needs more pvt funds for transport sector: minister
Govt has recently launched Rs 3,000-crore plan to develop state highways within next four years
Private investors should come up with investment plan for improvement of transport infrastructure in the state like they have done in metal, power and port sectors, said Subrat Tarai, state minister of commerce and transport.
"Without adequate investment in road and railway transport infrastructure, private investment only in building new ports will be in vain. Better transport infrastructure will ensure higher manufacturing activities too", he said at Transport Infra Odisha-2013, a conference organised by Indian Chambers of Commerce (ICC) here to highlight different issues of the sector.
The minister said, Public Private Partnership (PPP) is being promoted for physical and social infrastructure creation. The state also seeks to augment public sector investment in high priority sectors like infrastructure.
The state government has recently launched a Rs 3000 crore plan to develop state highways within next four years. However, there is need for more investment from private and government-run PSUs in this sector, he said.
Tarai recently met Union Railways minister on a proposal to develop rail link from Bimlagarh in Koira tehsil of Sundergarh district to Talcher in public private partnership (PPP) mode. Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL) has shown interest to invest in the project.
"As of now, SAIL, the Railways and the state government are ready to invest in the Rs 800 crore project. I am sure more partners would come forward to participate in the project, which after completion, would reduce total travel time from Rourkela to Cuttack by at least five hours", said the minister at the conference.The proposed rail line will help in transporting steel products of Rourkela Steel Plant in minimum possible time, he added.
Besides the rail project, the state government has taken initiative to develop the Rs 5000 crore National Waterways-5 by partnering with public sector enterprises and private investors instead of waiting for World Bank fund as that might delay the project implementation.
Source-http://www.business-standard.com
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under developement
Pune Municipal Corporation needs Rs 25,000 crore to implement development plan for old city
PUNE: Preparing a new development plan (DP) for Pune city comes with a challenge of raising Rs 25,000 crore, a sum which will be required to improve infrastructure and meet its social obligations in the years to come.
This DP will be for a duration of 20 years (2007-2027), with special provisions for the Pune metro rail, a transport hub, expansion of main roads, schemes for housing for the needy and cluster development of old dilapidated 'wadas'.
The PMC had earlier admitted that implementation of consecutive DPs drawn up in 1966 and 1987 was "pathetic" as a majority of the plans have remained on paper. In fact, only 40% of the 1987 DP has been implemented so far. Reservations for basic amenities like public urinals, play grounds, hospitals have not been developed. The 1987 DP reservations covered an area of around 1,000 hectare, of which only 134 hectare has been developed.
With bitter experiences of the past, the civic administration has worked on details of the financial feasibility analysis for the new plan.
The civic body has drafted a DP applicable to the old city area comprising 17 Peths and surrounding areas spread in a diameter of 147.85 sq km. It proposes 921 reservations covering 1,080.79 hectares for amenities like health, education, recreation, etc. The 1987 DP had 587 reservations for the purpose.
The civic administration, however, cites financial constraints, besides procedural delays, as a major reason for failure to implement the DP. City engineer Prashant Waghmare said, "The total cost of the draft DP is Rs 25,806.07 crore. The civic administration has made a detailed study on its financial aspects and has incorporated these conclusions. It is a must for any planning body to have a financial plan ready and the PMC has worked out the possible revenue resources which will help us carve out an implementation budget."
A financial assessment document of the PMC incorporated in the draft DP states: "A detailed cost of acquisition and development of reservations, roads, tunnels, flyovers, buildings etc. has been worked out. Adequate deductions were then made for provisions made in the Development Control Regulation, such as accommodation reservation, Transfer of Development Right (TDR), amenity spaces use of (Floor Space Index) FSI of reservation and development TDR, mechanism of Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) etc".
The total provision in the PMC annual budget has worked out to Rs 3,570.96 crore over a period of 10 years. This implies that every year a provision of Rs 357.96 crore has to be made in the PMC budget to meet the cost of acquisition and development of amenities proposed in the DP.
The reservation have been worked out based on the projected population of Pune by 2017 while the land use and zoning proposals have been planned based on the projected population by 2027. The cost required for land acquisition has been worked out by referring to values of land that is land cost, as mentioned in the Ready Reckoner 2011.
"The PMC's revenue sources are shrinking. Pune is sixth in the list of big emerging cities in India and earlier the administration had categorically stated that an ideal annual budget for the city should be Rs 9,828 crore. However, elected representatives are against any tax hike. It is a fact that the city is falling short of funds for new projects and maintenance of the completed projects. If the city wants DP implemented, citizens should be ready to pay from their pockets and politicians need to stop playing to popular tunes," said a senior official in the civic accounts department.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com
Development body moots infrastructure projects
TNN |
KOZHIKODE: The recently revived Calicut Development Authority (CDA) has unveiled a host of key urban development and infrastructure projects, which will be implemented in the city under its aegis.
Among the key projects that will be undertaken by the agency include a multi- level car parking at Link Road and four- laning of the Kallayi Road from Palayam to Meenchanda.
The CDA has also proposed implementing an ambitious urban re-construction project at Veliyangadi and urban renewal project at SM Street, apart from development of a godown complex at Beypore as part of its action plan.
CDA chairman N C Aboobacker, told the media that the authority will take over the multi-level car parking project at Link Road, which has been initiated by the Kozhikode corporation.
"Lack of parking spaces has become a major problem in the commercial hubs of the city. CDA will set up a multi-level car park with a capacity to accommodate over 100 vehicles along with a commercial complex in the 21 cents it has near the Link Road under a PPP(public-private partnership) model. The corporation has already inked a BOT(build operate transfer) agreement with a company called Yennavees for the project, which will now be implemented by the CDA," he said.
The project envisaging four-laning of the 4km stretch of Kallayi Road from Palayam to Meenchanda has been taken up as the widening of the road to 24m is vital for the Kozhikode monorail project. CDA said that the existing project to widen the road from Palayam to Francis Road Junction will be extended till Meenchanda considering its criticality for the monorail project.
"The authority will ensure that the shops and business establishments affected by the project will be provided premises near the widened road as part of the rehabilitation package," CDA secretary AM Jayan said.
CDA authorities said that final decision on the funding of the projects would be made only after the constitution of the executive committee of the CDA, which will be completed soon. "Most of the proposed projects would be either through PPP or BOT model. The authority is also expecting grants from the state government and intends to raise funds from its own assets," a CDA official said.
Among the other projects in the pipeline include development of busy road junctions in the city. It will also look into the possibility of setting up an international sports complex.
The state government had earlier this year revived the CDA, which was disbanded by the LDF government on March 31, 2007 and ordered the transfer of CDA assets held by the corporation to the revived authority.
The CDA assets include eight shopping complexes in the city, a godown in Beypore and land at key locations.
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under developement, Projects
Industry corridor may get land near IGI
Dipak Kumar Dash TNN
New Delhi: A major portion of a 130-acre prime land adjacent to the Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA), may go to the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (DMICDC), a government firm, for a song.
Government sources said that the company wants about 100 acres spread over two sectors in Dwarka from the Delhi Development Authority (DDA) for developing a complex that would include a convention centre, hotels and luxury housing/service apartments.
The patch spread over Sector 25&26 in Dwarka sub city was originally earmarked for relocation of wholesale trade centres in central Delhi, including Sadar Bazar, Nai Sadak and Khari Baoli, which are known for large-scale grain, paper and chemicals markets, in Master Plan-2021. Five more such areas were identified in the Master Plan-2021. The plan document says that the new wholesale markets are planned "as counter markets to cater to the demands of the growing population of Delhi only, near the rail and road entry points of NCTD. These should be linked with the proposed integrated freight complexes where the wholesale business could be operated more efficiently in a better environment".
Sources said the task of developing an integrated freight development complex spread over 30 acres might be entrusted with the DDA.
Government sources said that DMIC Development Corporation (DMICDC) has moved its proposal, and the Union urban development ministry recently held highlevel meeting on the issue. It is learnt that while the UD ministry is in favour of allotting it at lesser price than the market rate, a section of DDA officials are hesitant since the market value of the land would be around Rs 10,000 crore.
Sources said that in a worst-case scenario, the DDA would have to allot the land for institutional use and per acre rate for such a plot is Rs 3 crore. In case the entire land is allotted to DMICDC as an institutional plot, the corporation has to cough up only Rs 300 crore.
"There are many within government who don't agree to the proposal of giving the land at a concessional rate," a government official said.
But there are others who have argued that DDA should focus on how to allow most efficient use of its land. "It may bring manifold investment and create job opportunities," an urban development ministry official said.
source-http://epaper.timesofindia.com
Written by ITW Editor · Filed Under (DMICDC), Delhi, developement


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Located in the dress circle on top of Napier's Bluff Hill "Cobden Villa" is a truly magnificent 524sqm home. It is unique, it is stunning, it is a home that flourishes when continually filled with family, friends, visitors and laughter. Large scale accommodation and private grounds are surrounded by mature plantings that beautifully frame the panoramic views both over Napier to Cape Kidnappers and the Ahuriri Estuary.
Over the years both previous and current owners have undertaken substantial renovations and improvements which have enhanced what was already an outstanding residence to the exceptional property it is today. The attention to detail is superb and the craftsmanship totally in keeping with the character and style.
Arrive through the ornate gate or folly and follow the recycled brick pathway to what you will discover is the heart of the home - A wonderful paved outdoor living space which adjoins large covered verandahs that can be accessed through French doors from both the family room and conservatory and the striking original cavity sliding doors of "The Whiskey Room" as it has been aptly named. Designed for year round entertaining whether it be family celebrations or large scale entertaining this home is perfectly attired.
Open the front door and you will be immediately taken by the impressive hallway that connects the family living to four bedrooms and the formal living areas. Numerous living areas offer a multitude of options for harmonious family life, whether you are looking for a quiet spot to read or want to watch a movie in peace - everyone is well catered for.
Spacious and separate, the formal lounge has a feeling of opulence while still remaining inviting and cosy. Built in window seats and bookcases, the original fire surround along with leadlight windows that attractively frame the stunning view really show off the character. Wander through the internal French doors to the conservatory – one of the most special rooms in the house. Glazed on three sides there is nothing to do but relax and soak up those views. Where else could you gaze out to Cape Kidnappers, watch the fireworks on New Year's eve and catch a sunset on a warm Summer evening?
The luxurious kitchen with full size scullery is a recent substantial renovation. In keeping with the style it can only be described as an entertainer's dream. The Caesarstone island comfortably seats 8 and is a fabulous spot for both family dinners and informal get togethers. Beautifully polished timber flooring enhances the white joinery; pewter fashioned fittings and a stunning black tiled splash back complement the 'state of the art' appliances including full sized double oven, 8 burner hob and double ceramic butler's sink - this kitchen is sure to impress even the most discerning. Incorporated into the sunny and light filled space is a very generous family living area with powerful wood burner, beautiful bi-fold windows, corner seat and views as far as the eye can see. An intimate deck off the kitchen catches the sun all year round and is the perfect place for your morning coffee. The glass balustrade overlooks the inviting heated magnesium pool with LED lighting and water blade fountain.
The Northern wing leads from the kitchen and could be used as self-contained accommodation. Previous owners ran a popular luxury B & B and used the two bedrooms, bathroom and open plan kitchen living area for themselves while retaining the rest of the home for guest accommodation. Currently this area is the well-used 'teenagers zone' with direct access to the pool.
The master bedroom is expansive with sash windows, a door to the rear patio and private access to the pool. It boasts a double set of wardrobes, room for comfortable chairs and an ensuite that is pure luxury. Stunning stained glass windows, double shower, raised bath, w/c, all encapsulated with beautiful tiles which lead out to its own balcony.
Moving down the hall are three other considerable bedrooms, two with ensuite bathrooms. Altogether the six bedrooms in this home make it very family friendly. There are very few laundries you could describe as luxurious … but this home has one! It has been designed with custom joinery including individual laundry bins, built in ironing board, rack for hanging your ironed clothes, a butler's sink and great bench space.
All the light fittings, window dressings and floor tiles in this home have been individually chosen to complement each room. They are nothing short of stunning!
The garaging and plenty of well-placed, concealed off street parking for guests is a wonderful extra.
Manicured lawns, trimmed box hedges, topiary trees, clipped hedges, all mature and kept in the height of health over the hot Hawke's Bay summer by pop up sprinklers add to the appeal of this property.
Tenders close at Ray White office Napier, 209 Dickens Street at 4pm on Thursday 30th November 2017.
Caroline Meo is a highly motivated and switched on professional, with a strong ethical passion, to always meet the high expectations and standards she sets. She has an infectious vibrant high energy, and an outgoing approach to life and a disciplined work ethic.
Throughout her professional career she continues to demonstrate a superior level of personalised service to her clients. Recently taking the National Ray White Leaders 'ROOKIE OF THE YEAR' award, and Ray White Napier 'Top Agent' ,'Top Seller' & 'Top Lister' monthly awards numerous times proves she consistently works and fights hard to deliver top service with skill.
Caroline is a sharp observer, and has the clever flair to notice fine attention to detail. She is a skilled negotiator and an avid marketer- she has the proven dedication and tenacity to always deliver.
Raised in Napier, Caroline has a strong and proud devotion to her home town and carries a zeal for all it has to offer. She and was recognised and regarded for her running and sporting abilities growing up here, she is always on task and up to date with its changes, progressions and plans, and has developed an extremely large network of connections over the years from her school days, Otago University years, Wellington years, London years, and her 8 years back in the Bay.
If you are looking for someone who works tirelessly to ensure she gets the best result, prides herself on extremely high standards and has the hunger and drive - then Caroline Meo is undoubtedly the person to market and sell your home.


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How to Make Hundred Dollars per Month ?


CHECK OUT INKSMITHS TATTOO STUDIO AT CHARLESTOWN, NSW, TO SEE THE XTREME GAME WIZARD IN ACTION!
On behalf of Arcooda, Highway Entertainment has negotiated an agreement with local tattoo studio The Inksmiths, who will be hosting the Xtreme Game Wizard Arcade Machine until the 4th of August!
In return for installing the Xtreme in the studio, The Inksmiths allowed Highway Entertainment in for a photoshoot for the Xtreme's magazine debut in the September issue of Inked X magazine!
The studio features a number of high profile artist from the Newcastle area and a floor to ceiling "Bad Marilyn" mural in the store. The Xtreme Game Wizard machine, currently staying at the studio's Charlestown location, features the popular Street Fighter V (available on PlayStation4) and has become a major hit amongst staff and clients!
To check out the machine, you can visit the artists at The Inksmiths Tattoo Studio at 222 Pacific Highway, Charlestown, NSW.


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AUDIO TECHNICA: The ATH-S220BT and the ATH-M50xBT2 headphones
Audio-Technica has introduced two new wireless headphones in the shape of the ATH-S220BT and the ATH-M50xBT2. The Japanese company says the former: "offers exceptional audio reproduction with crystal-clear call clarity". With a claimed 60-hour battery life and support so that a 10-minute charge will top the battery up by 3.5 hours, the ATH-S220BT also incorporates low-profile earpads, especially designed to prevent sound from escaping while on the go.
Weighing in at 180g, the ATH-S220BT has been designed to provide comfort for extended wear and comes with a USB-A-to-USB-C cable for charging with ease using a variety of different devices. There's also a built-in microphone and easy-to-operate on-ear controls to manage calls and audio on the move. With Bluetooth 5.0 and both Siri and Google Assistant compatibility, users are able to access their device's speech recognition function at the touch of a button and receive notifications, send messages and control audio playback. Plus, Audio-Technica's voice guidance function can be used to deliver notifications, including power and pairing statuses, as well as helping to monitor remaining power levels.
Audio-Technica says that the bundled 1.2m cable with in-line mic and control can be used whenever a wired connection is preferred. Price for the ATH-S220BT is £60.
The ATH-M50xBT2 is descended from the ATH-M50x studio model, and features a number of enhancements which the company claims will improve performance and usability. It comes with proprietary 45mm large-aperture drivers and the in-app EQ adjustment of its immediate predecessor. It also employs an AK4331 advanced audio DAC and dedicated internal headphone amp, and in addition to SBC, compatibility with AAC and LDAC premium wireless audio codecs.
The company claims the addition of dual mics and beamforming microphone technology means the ATH-M50xBT2 offers clearer phone calls and communication with the built-in Amazon Alexa voice assistant. Sidetone circuitry allows you to hear your voice in the headphones when making calls on most smartphones. The mic can be muted with the press of a button and control of volume/mute, music and access to the voice assistant (Amazon Alexa Built-in, Google Assistant, Siri) are all possible through the buttons that are built into the left earcup.
Multi-point pairing allows wireless connection to two Bluetooth devices at once, while Google Fast Pair enables the headphones to pair with an Android smartphone or other device. The ATH-M50xBT2 claims 50 hours of continuous use on a full charge and up to three hours of use from a 10-minute rapid charge via an improved USB-C connection. It's priced at £180 and a 1.2m cable is included for optional wired use.
This entry was posted in AUDIO SUPPLEMENT Japanese, EQUIPMENT: EVERY POST and tagged Hi-Fi Headphones Hut
CAMBRIDGE AUDIO: CXA60 integrated amplifier and what was said at the time
GEORGE HARRISON; What was he like as a person?


Why to Choose WordPress as Your CMS Partner?
In case you're a business owner, odds are you've known about different businesses and individuals utilizing WordPress. WP is an open source content distributed system made in 2003 through a convergence of stages by programmers and business visionaries Mike Little and Matt Mullenweg. Every redesign has presented effective components like blend and-match modules, gadgets, static pages, worked in subject establishment, and media management.
Why is it so well known? Is it accurate to say that it isn't simply one more dull distributed system that exclusive shows what you write? All things considered, we would contend that it is definitely not insipid. WordPress is such an adaptable, super-accommodating content management system, that in addition to the fact that it is utilized by Fortune 500 organizations like eBay, GM, and Reuters News, it is additionally utilized by more than 7 million different sites of all sizes and specialties.
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Home » राजमार्ग » प्रमुख कार्यक्रम / परियोजना » अरुणाचल प्रदेश पैकेज सहित एस ए आर डी पी
The scheme has been envisaged to be taken up under three parts as under:
Phase 'A' of SARDP-NE approved by the Government envisages improvement of about 4,099 km length of roads (3,014 km of NH and 1,085 km of State roads). Out of these, 3,213 km roads has been approved for execution and balance 886 km has been approved 'In-Principle'. 3,333 km of length has been awarded and 2,101 km of roads have been completed till March, 2019. The SARDP-NE Phase 'A' is expected to be completed by 2023-24.
Phase 'B' of SARDP-NE, covers 3,723 km (2,210 km NHs and 1,513 km of State roads) of road. Phase 'B' SARDP-NE shall be taken up after completion of Phase 'A'.
Arunachal Pradesh Package: The Arunachal Pradesh Package for Road & Highways involving development of about 2,319 km length of road (2,205 km of NHs & 114 km of State / General Staff / Strategic Roads) has also been approved by the Government. Projects on 776 km are to be taken up on BOT (Annuity) mode and the remaining are to be developed on EPC mode / Item Rate Contract as per Ministry's extant policy. Projects of 2,047 km length have been awarded and 928 km of road has been completed till March, 2019. The entire Arunachal Pradesh package is targeted for completion by 2023-24.
An amount of Rs. 30,315 crore has been spent in SARDP including Arunachal Pradesh Package.


Spanish language -- Provincialisms -- Cuba -- Dictionaries.
Spanish language -- Idioms -- Dictionaries.
Add tags for "Concise bilingual dictionary of special idioms, phrases and word combinations (as they appear in contemporary Cuban literature in Spanish) = Diccionario bilingüe y conciso de giros, modismos y frases especiales (según aparecen en la literatura cubana contemporánea en español)". Be the first.
library:placeOfPublication <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/14206722#Place/indiana> ; # Indiana?
schema:location <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/14206722#Place/indiana> ; # Indiana?


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Dutch fishermen outraged by UK decision to ban bottom-fishing on Dogger Bank
by editor | Apr 22, 2022 | EU Fishing Industry, Featured News, Latest News
The UK ban on bottom-fishing activities on the British part of the Dogger Bank has been met with outrage by Dutch fishermen
The decision by the UK government to ban bottom-fishing activities on the British part of the Dogger Bank without consulting interested EU member states has been met with outrage by Dutch fishermen.
The closure will take effect on Monday 13 June 2022 and EU member states, like the Netherlands will find themselves locked-out of an area they have historically fished on in the North Sea.
"Earlier this year, England announced so-called conservation measures on the English part of the Dogger Bank, and England provided a clarifying explanation about the measures via the European Commission. Subsequently, the EU Member States have been asked to discuss the announced measures and the effective date, all the more so because some fisheries from EU Member States are being hit hard. On Wednesday 13 April 2022, England published the measures without the requested consultation," says Dutch fishermen's organisation Vissersbond.
The byelaws are being introduced using new powers under the Fisheries Act, the UK's first major domestic fisheries legislation in nearly 40 years. The new measures will prohibit fishing activities in MPAs where there is evidence that they harm wildlife or damage habitats.
The four byelaws ban the use of bottom trawls, dredges, demersal seines and semi-pelagic trawls, collectively known as bottom towed gear, over certain areas. There are also additional restrictions in two of the sites preventing the use of certain static gears such as pots, nets or lines over especially sensitive areas.
The byelaws will bring in management measures on fishing within these four MPAs in English waters:
Dogger Bank Special Area of Conservation
Inner Dowsing, Race Bank and North Ridge Special Area of Conservation
South Dorset Marine Conservation Zone
The Canyons Marine Conservation Zone
The UK Environment Secretary, George Eustice, said:
"Outside the EU, we are using our new freedoms to protect our marine environment. We will be stopping trawling and dredging in these Marine Protected Areas to protect wildlife and habitats, through powers we have in our Fisheries Act 2020."
The decision to stop bottom fishing on the Dogger Bank has caused upset and outrage amongst Dutch fishermen.
"According to the British, the ban on fishing that disturbs the bottom is necessary to protect the so-called 'marine protected areas (MPAs)' against damage caused by fishing activities," says Visserbond.
Durk van Tuinen of the Dutch Fishermen's Association/PO Delta South team said, "Recently we were unpleasantly surprised by the imminent closure for beam trawling in Norwegian waters and now this step follows."
According to Van Tuinen, it is worrying to see such closures being implemented without a correct process as used in the EU.
Visserbond says that together with VisNed/PO Urk, the Nederlandse Vissersbond/PO Delta Zuid it has put questions to the European Commission via Dutch MEPs who hold a seat in the fisheries committee.
"In addition, in the context of EBFA, EAPO and Europêche, the organisations that include the cooperations of EU fisheries organisations, action is being taken towards the European Commission.so-called TCA. In this case, the European Commission is the party that should communicate with the UK about this," concludes Visserbond.
Latest News Norwegian fishing boats land first catches in sand…
Featured News Proud moment for Cornwall father as son follows in…


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Q: reading a graph from file i am doing an assignment in which i have to implement dijkstra's algorithm for an undirected graph.i have to read a graph from the text file. i have implemented the following function:
graph :: graph()
{
    ifstream fe("adj.txt");
    for(int i=0;i<SIZE;i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;j<SIZE;j++)
        mat[i][j]=0;
    }
    string str;
    while(getline(fe,str))
    {

        istringstream ss(str);
        int node,i;
        ss>>node;
        while(ss>>i)
        mat[node-1][i-1]=1;
    }
}

mat is the 2-d array and size is the number of nodes.
the file is in the form adjacency list.the first number in the line represents the node and the numbers after that represents the nodes adjacent to the node.
mat is the 2-d array and size is the number of nodes.
it function works fine for small number of vertices but as i increase the size(200), and try to print the graph(in the form a matrix), the printing doesn't starts from the first node(in my case it starts from 116th vertex).
how can i make it work for large size graph?
EDIT: i am using a simple double loop for printing the graph.
void graph:: printgraph()
{
    for(int i=0;i<SIZE;i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;j<SIZE;j++)
        {

            cout<<mat[i][j]<<" ";
        }
        cout<<endl;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Navigating borders: Could water be a bridge between U.S. and Mexico?
Because both the Rio Grande and Colorado rivers' headwaters begin in the U.S. and flow across the border, both sides depend on the other for the water. Since the 1990s, getting enough of that water has been a problem compounded by a booming population and climate change. The common problem has forced the two countries to find common ground, says Stephen Mumme.
College of Liberal Arts Spring 2021 News
Read the latest news in the College of Liberal Arts, including faculty and staff awards, alumni stories, a giving update, research and scholarship stories, and retirement announcements.
Eddy Hall and the Clark Building: from the 1960s to the present, and beyond
What would CSU be without the workhorse of Eddy Hall and massive edifice of the Clark building? Former president Bill Morgan guided the development of the modern campus by focusing on a library and the buildings of the liberal arts starting in 1963. These buildings, which sit in the heart of campus, have undergone some renovations since then.
A liberal arts lens: technology's role in society past, present, and future
We're aware of the role technology plays in shaping our individual lives, but how does technology affect and influence our society and our future? The specific skills and tools unique to the liberal arts can provide understanding as well as a way to navigate the ways technology does (or doesn't) advance the human experience.
This Content Is Not Available in Your Country (Yet)
Getting locked out can happen not just from your car or your home. Getting locked out can happen online when you're not able to view certain films or media. Geoblocking, or regional lockout, is a way that media distribution companies protect their films. While we may think that the internet and other technologies have created a global village, media distribution practices and other uses of technology have prevented that global interconnection.
Should I Stay or Should I Go? How people make decisions about disasters
When a disaster threatens, how do people decide whether to stay or to evacuate? To rebuild or relocate? How to restore their lives? Prof. Kate Browne's work with survivors of Hurricane Harvey explores the decisions people make using a novel "assemblage" technique.
Connected by Water: Semester at Sea illuminates our cross-cultural connections
Eleanor Moseman, associate professor of art history, studies the role women artists play as cultural producers. Her experience teaching on Semester at Sea brought a global comparative element to her courses Intro to Visual Art and Women in Art History, encouraging students to compare art in Spain, Japan, and Ghana.


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Q: Google cloud functions http authentication I am new to google cloud functions and try to restrict access to my function by only requests from dialogflow webhooks. I see two options in gcloud console: allow unauthenticated requests and restrict by user accounts. I don't understand how to implement that authentication. Dialogflow webhooks has options to set http headers that sets in webhook requests. But gcloud console hasn't interface/options to obtain any data that I can write as http authentication header. So I see only option implement authetication flow in cloud function, but in that way why google added option to restrict access by http authentication. Can anyone give me an example step-by-step example how to obtain http headers names and data needed to implement http authentication on cloud functions from dialogflow webhooks?

A: There isn't built in authentication, you have to perform it by yourselves. You have some guidance here in the Google Cloud Documentation
In summary, set your function public (allow unauthenticated) and perform the check in your code.