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8 Sep 2011 10 Oct 2016 by Volubrjotr
Personal Income Tax Violates U.S. Supreme Court Ruling ~ Privately Owned Federal Reserve Violates U.S. Constitution & President Kennedy's Executive Orders.
On May 21, 1895, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a direct tax on personal income was unconstitutional as a result of the case of Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company. The lawsuit had been precipitated by the 1894 Income Tax Act. The Supreme Court's 5-4 decision stated that a "direct tax" on the "income of real and of personal property" was "unconstitutional and void."
Obama's 2014 Iraq Footprint: January 1,840 Dead February 1,700 Dead ~ Hellfire Missile Supplied Drones!
ALERT => Corrupt NWO GOPs In Montana Attempting To Institute The Mechanism Of Fascism: Increase Corporate Contribution Levels By 484%
The Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act, also passed in 1894, sought to lower tariffs, which were the major source of revenue for the federal government at the time, and impose a 2% tax on incomes which surpassed $4,000 annually. However, over 600 amendments were added to the original bill, which reportedly diluted its intended effect.
Wikipedia reports that the Supreme Court's decision of 1895 was later "nullified" "by Amendment XVI to the US Constitution."? Another report states that "…in 1894 Congress enacted a flat rate Federal income tax, which was ruled unconstitutional in 1895 by the U.S. Supreme Court because it was a direct tax not apportioned according to the population of each state. The 16th amendment, ratified in 1913, removed this objection by allowing the Federal government to tax the income of individuals without regard to the population of each State."
Can a U.S. Supreme Court decision be "nullified?" Can a law passed by Congress be declared unconstitutional by a court?
The Supreme Court's decision was based on the premise that "Congress cannot impose a duty or tax upon personal property, or upon income arising either from rents of real estate or from personal property, including invested personal property, bonds, stocks, and investments of all kinds, except by apportioning the sum to be so raised among the States according to population, it practically decides that, without an amendment of the Constitution — two-thirds of both Houses of Congress and three-fourths of the States concurring — such property and incomes can never be made to contribute to the support of the national government."
The 16th Amendment reads:
The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
It reportedly took more than three years for three-quarters of the states to ratify the amendment to the Constitution. However, there are numerous reports that the amendment was never ratified by enough states for it to have passed. Then-Secretary of State Philander Knox declared the amendment ratified on February 15, 1913 even though he might have possessed evidence that some states had changed the proposed language, creating many different versions of the amendment put forth by Congress.
Why an Income Tax is Not Necessary to Fund the U.S. Government
Wikipedia's summary of the 16th Amendment states that all arguments against its proper ratification, which allegedly occurred in 1913, and constitutionality have been "rejected in every court case where they have been raised and have been identified as legally frivolous."
Can a law declared unconstitutional in 1895 be constitutional in 1913 and beyond?
Does the federal government have the right to sue someone who questions its validity on the grounds that he made "false statements?"
Mr. Bill Benson reported that he scrutinized the documents in the possession of various state legislatures and that the 16th Amendment had not been ratified by the required 36 states to have been enacted.
Devvy Kidd reported that Benson had presented the evidence he had gathered of non-ratification by the states to a court, "thereby proving his statements were true, not false and fraudulent."
Others have been brought up on charges of tax evasion for having claimed that the 16th Amendment did not receive proper ratification.
Exactly two years ago today, a scheduled hearing arising from a motion for contempt was canceled by the U.S. District Court in the Northern District of Illinois, and Benson's attorney, Jeffrey Dickstein, had drafted a Writ of Certiorari to be submitted to the U.S. Supreme Court regarding the 16th Amendment.
The two websites provided by Dickstein in his announcement of September 2, 2009 are not functional as of August 28, 2011.
A video posted on November 16, 2009 and produced by the Continental Congress 2009 depicts Dickstein discussing the IRS and taxation of the American population. During the interview, Dickstein asserts that lawyers are not taught the Constitution in law school and that "There is no Constitution anymore. It's just an idle word; it doesn't exist."
The Seventeenth Amendment It was never ratified!
Dickstein mentions the website http://www.fightbacknow.us leads here. However, his action link currently appears to be non-functional.
An earlier video from 2007 describes Dickstein as a "constitutional freedom lawyer who has been involved in the tax honesty and freedom movement for 25 years or so."
A January 12, 2010 article in Republic Magazine states that the federal government filed suit against Bill Benson for "'falsely' telling people the 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution was not ratified and therefore they are not required to file an income tax return." There is also an audio of slightly more than 90 minutes containing Dickstein's explanation of the Benson case which also urges listeners to contact their members of Congress about the "real issue" of the 16th Amendment. During the audio, a caller to the show asked if the case could be heard by a grand jury.
Dickstein explains that he was working on two cases: one in which he represented Bill Benson, and one in which he represented Mark and Claudia Hirmer of Florida. He published an overview of the 16th Amendment's history here.
A "Daniel B. Evans" has compiled a list of refutations of "tax protesters," including Jeffrey Dickstein.
An entry powered by "Wikidot" claims that Dickstein was convicted of "criminal contempt," which was a misdemeanor, regarding his representation of the Hirmers. However, an attorney review service appears to contradict that claim if describing the same "Jeffrey Dickstein."
A January 21, 2010 blog entry on Rep. Ron Paul's website written by Dickstein reported:
The denial of the petition for writ of cert in the Benson case has ended that case. The criminal trial of the Hirmers is scheduled to commence on March 1st. I am currently preparing for trial. The trial is expected to last between three and six months.
On April 22, 2010, Dickstein reported that following the trial, the Hirmers were convicted of money laundering by a jury and subsequently jailed. He added:The message is perfectly clear. The federal government will absolutely not tolerate American's speaking out against the government, and has no problem ignoring the First, Fifth and Sixteenth Amendments. Dissidents are to receive kangaroo court trials and only the most skilled lawyers will avoid being jailed for representing their clients.
Dickstein successfully represented Joe Banister, who had been brought up on charges of tax evasion in 2005. Banister has described himself as "a former IRS Criminal Investigation Division Special Agent who learned of serious constitutional questions relating to the federal income tax and the federal banking and monetary systems." On February 25, 1999, Banister had written a resignation letter to the IRS in which he claimed that the agency posed "very serious threats to our freedom and our Constitution."
A CNN article editorialized that it was "sad to say" that Banister had researched Devvy Kidd's work and agreed with her conclusion that the 16th Amendment had not been properly ratified. The author concludes with a stinging accusation of a serious crime directed at Banister's unnamed childhood Catholic priest with no evidence and an issuing of his own mandate for Banister to be "Somebody who pays his taxes and plays by the rules, even when those rules don't seem fair."
Banister appears to have gone into private consulting as an entrepreneur since resigning from the IRS. He was acquitted of four charges of tax evasion, and the jury was reported to have stated that "They were surprised that the government did not have real evidence."
The Post & Email has contacted Atty. Dickstein to inquire if he has any further actions pending in regard to the 16th Amendment.
Editor's Note: Many thanks to reader Creg Maroney for providing helpful background information and links for this article which facilitated its writing.
by Sharon Rondeau
The Post & Email.
CommieBlaster
On June 4, 1963, President Kennedy Nullified The Federal Reserve By Presidential decree, Executive Order 11110, which striped the Rothschild Federal Reserve Bank of its power to loan money to the United States Federal Government at interest.
Read How The Facts Were Spun To The Public In Rothschild's Britain at 8:21 AM on 19th April 2011
So according to the article above, it was a secret memo about aliens, oh yes, aliens had a lot to gain in murdering JFK. Aliens Hired Lee Harvey Oswald {by media he acted alone!!!} Thats a very concrete statement eh? What about the aliens now according to U.K.'s Mail Online? How could Oswald act alone if aliens were involved. The U.K. Mail Online Challenging the Warren Commission??? How could aliens gain from this?
The word [Alien] interchangeable with the name [Rothschild]? Rothschild gained by burying the TRUTH behind the Executive Orders 11,110 that protected the U.S. Citizens by shutting down the High Taxation process in Paying Interest to ROTHSCHILD'S Fed Reserve Printing Machine.
Remember how psychotic the reasoning was behind The Vietnam War and how Johnson/Nixon prevented The U.S. from winning that war? The Vietnam War started in 1954 & JFK scheduled the ending of that war by 1965, but Johnson/Nixon kept it going until January 15, 1973. Well who gained from 8 more years of a financed war and with many years to come in interest payments for the money borrowed on the war effort from Rothschild? Rothschild? Nahhhh,,,,,, Tell Me It Isn't So, It Was The Aliens!
United States suffered 58,119 killed, 153,303 wounded – Not too bad in the depopulation arena either for the ole British Monarchy.
Putin Bans Russian Officials From Owning Foreign Rothschild Bank Accounts & Stock! Ending The NWO Cabal….
Update April 27, 2013 On West/Waco Texas Fertilizer Plant Missile/Laser Strike: Government Motives To Destroy It With A Missile!
THE U.S. CITIZEN IS TO OWN THEIR OWN MONEY NOT ROTHSCHILD
On June 4, 1963, a virtually unknown Presidential decree, Executive Order 11110, was signed with the authority to basically strip the Rothschild Bank of its power to loan money to the United States Federal Government at interest. With the stroke of a pen, President Kennedy declared that the privately owned Rothschild Federal Reserve Bank would soon be out of business. The Christian Law Fellowship has exhaustively researched this matter through the Federal Register and Library of Congress. We can now safely conclude that this Executive Order has never been repealed, amended, or superceded by any subsequent Executive Order. In simple terms, it is still valid.
When President John Fitzgerald Kennedy – the author of Profiles in Courage -signed this Order, it returned to the United States federal government, specifically the Treasury Department, the Constitutional power to create and issue currency -money – without going through the privately owned Rothschild Federal Reserve Bank. President Kennedy's Executive Order 11,110 [the full text is displayed further below] gave the Treasury Department the explicit authority: "to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in the Treasury." This means that for every ounce of silver in the U.S. Treasury's vault, the government could introduce new money into circulation based on the silver bullion physically held there. As a result, more than $4 billion in United States Notes were brought into circulation in $2 and $5 denominations. $10 and $20 United States Notes were never circulated but were being printed by the Treasury Department when Kennedy was assassinated. It appears obvious that President Kennedy knew the Federal Reserve Notes being used as the purported legal currency were contrary to the Constitution of the United States of America.
"United States Notes" were issued as an interest-free and debt-free currency backed by silver reserves in the U.S. Treasury. We compared a "Federal Reserve Note" issued from the private central bank of the United States (the Federal Reserve Bank a/k/a Federal Reserve System), with a "United States Note" from the U.S. Treasury issued by President Kennedy's Executive Order. They almost look alike, except one says "Federal Reserve Note" on the top while the other says "United States Note". Also, the Federal Reserve Note has a green seal and serial number while the United States Note has a red seal and serial number.
President Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963 and the United States Notes he had issued were immediately taken out of circulation. Federal Reserve Notes continued to serve as the legal currency of the nation. According to the United States Secret Service, 99% of all U.S. paper "currency" circulating in 1999 are Federal Reserve Notes.
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Kennedy knew that if the silver-backed United States Notes were widely circulated, they would have eliminated the demand for Federal Reserve Notes. This is a very simple matter of economics. The USN was backed by silver and the FRN was not backed by anything of intrinsic value. Executive Order 11110 should have prevented the national debt from reaching its current level (virtually all of the nearly $9 trillion in federal debt has been created since 1963) if LBJ or any subsequent President were to enforce it. It would have almost immediately given the U.S. Government the ability to repay its debt without going to the private Federal Reserve Banks and being charged interest to create new "money". Executive Order 11,110 gave the U.S.A. the ability to, once again, create its own money backed by silver and realm value worth something.
Again, according to our own research, just five months after Kennedy was assassinated, no more of the Series 1958 "Silver Certificates" were issued either, and they were subsequently removed from circulation. Perhaps the assassination of JFK was a warning to all future presidents not to interfere with the private Rothschild Federal Reserve's control over the creation of money. It seems very apparent that President Kennedy challenged the "powers that exist behind U.S. and world finance". With true patriotic courage, JFK boldly faced the two most successful vehicles that have ever been used to drive up debt:
1) war (Viet Nam); and,
2) the creation of money by a privately owned Rothschild central bank. His efforts to have all U.S. troops out of Vietnam by 1965 combined with Executive Order 11,110 would have destroyed the profits and control of the private Rothschild Federal Reserve Bank.
Obama's Executive Order 13489
Executive Order 11,110
AMENDMENT OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10289 AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONS AFFECTING THE DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, it is ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Executive Order No. 10289 of September 19, 1951, as amended, is hereby further amended – (a) By adding at the end of paragraph 1 thereof the following subparagraph (j): "(j) The authority vested in the President by paragraph (b) of section 43 of the Act of May 12, 1933, as amended (31 U.S.C. 821 (b)), to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in the Treasury not then held for redemption of any outstanding silver certificates, to prescribe the denominations of such silver certificates, and to coin standard silver dollars and subsidiary silver currency for their redemption," and (b) By revoking subparagraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph 2 thereof. SECTION 2. The amendment made by this Order shall not affect any act done, or any right accruing or accrued or any suit or proceeding had or commenced in any civil or criminal cause prior to the date of this Order but all such liabilities shall continue and may be enforced as if said amendments had not been made.
JOHN F. KENNEDY THE WHITE HOUSE, June 4, 1963
THE PRESIDENTS WHO KILLED ROTHSCHILD BANKING SCHEMES : ANDREW, KENNEDY, ROOSEVELT, AND THE PRESIDENTS MURDERED BY ROTHSCHILD ~ Lincoln, Garfield & Kennedy!
Once again, Executive Order 11,110 is still valid. According to Title 3, United States Code, Section 301 dated January 26, 1998:
Executive Order (EO) 10289 dated Sept. 17, 1951, 16 F.R. 9499, was as amended by:
EO 10583, dated December 18, 1954, 19 F.R. 8725;
EO 10882 dated July 18, 1960, 25 F.R. 6869;
EO 11110 dated June 4, 1963, 28 F.R. 5605;
EO 11825 dated December 31, 1974, 40 F.R. 1003;
EO 12608 dated September 9, 1987, 52 F.R. 34617
The 1974 and 1987 amendments, added after Kennedy's 1963 amendment, did not change or alter any part of Kennedy's EO 11,110. A search of Clinton's 1998 and 1999 EO's and Presidential Directives has also shown no reference to any alterations, suspensions, or changes to EO 11,110.
The Federal Reserve Bank, a.k.a Federal Reserve System, is a Private Corporation. Black's Law Dictionary defines the "Federal Reserve System" as: "Network of twelve central banks to which most national banks belong and to which state chartered banks may belong. Membership rules require investment of stock and minimum reserves." Privately-owned banks own the stock of the FED. This was explained in more detail in the case of Lewis v. United States, Federal Reporter, 2nd Series, Vol. 680, Pages 1239, 1241 (1982), where the court said: "Each Federal Reserve Bank is a separate corporation owned by commercial banks in its region. The stock-holding commercial banks elect two thirds of each Bank's nine member board of directors".
The Federal Reserve Banks are locally controlled by their member banks. Once again, according to Black's Law Dictionary, we find that these privately owned banks actually issue money:
"Federal Reserve Act. Law which created Federal Reserve banks which act as agents in maintaining money reserves, issuing money in the form of bank notes, lending money to banks, and supervising banks. Administered by Federal Reserve Board (q.v.)".
The privately owned Federal Reserve (FED) banks actually issue (create) the "money" we use. In 1964, the House Committee on Banking and Currency, Subcommittee on Domestic Finance, at the second session of the 88th Congress, put out a study entitled Money Facts which contains a good description of what the FED is: "The Federal Reserve is a total money-making machine. It can issue money or checks. And it never has a problem of making its checks good because it can obtain the $5 and $10 bills necessary to cover its check simply by asking the Treasury Department's Bureau of Engraving to print them".
Take Action: SHUT DOWN Rothschild's IMF, International Monkey Fund
Any one person or any closely knit group who has a lot of money has a lot of power. Now imagine a group of people who have the power to create money. Imagine the power these people would have. This is exactly what the privately owned FED is!
No man did more to expose the power of the FED than Louis T. McFadden, who was the Chairman of the House Banking Committee back in the 1930s. In describing the FED, he remarked in the Congressional Record, House pages 1295 and 1296 on June 10, 1932:
"Mr. Chairman, we have in this country one of the most corrupt institutions the world has ever known. I refer to the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal reserve banks. The Federal Reserve Board, a Government Board, has cheated the Government of the United States and he people of the United States out of enough money to pay the national debt. The depredations and the iniquities of the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal reserve banks acting together have cost this country enough money to pay the national debt several times over. This evil institution has impoverished and ruined the people of the United States; has bankrupted itself, and has practically bankrupted our Government. It has done this through the maladministration of that law by which the Federal Reserve Board, and through the corrupt practices of the moneyed vultures who control it".
Some people think the Federal Reserve Banks are United States Government institutions. They are not Government institutions, departments, or agencies. They are private credit monopolies which prey upon the people of the United States for the benefit of themselves and their foreign customers. Those 12 private credit monopolies were deceitfully placed upon this country by bankers who came here from Europe and who repaid us for our hospitality by undermining our American institutions.
The FED basically works like this: The government granted its power to create money to the FED banks. They create money, then loan it back to the government charging interest. The government levies income taxes to pay the interest on the debt. On this point, it's interesting to note that the Federal Reserve Act and the sixteenth amendment, which gave congress the power to collect income taxes, were both passed in 1913. The incredible power of the FED over the economy is universally admitted. Some people, especially in the banking and academic communities, even support it. On the other hand, there are those, such as President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, that have spoken out against it. His efforts were spoken about in Jim Marrs' 1990 book Crossfire:"
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Another overlooked aspect of Kennedy's attempt to reform American society involves money. Kennedy apparently reasoned that by returning to the Constitution, which states that only Congress shall coin and regulate money, the soaring national debt could be reduced by not paying interest to the bankers of the Rothschild Federal Reserve System, who print paper money & then loan it to the government at interest. SCAM CITY.
He moved in this area on June 4, 1963, by signing Executive Order 11,110 which called for the issuance of $4,292,893,815 in United States Notes through the U.S. Treasury rather than the traditional Federal Reserve System. That same day, Kennedy signed a bill changing the backing of one and two dollar bills from silver to gold, adding strength to the weakened U.S. currency.
Kennedy's comptroller of the currency, James J. Saxon, had been at odds with the powerful Federal Reserve Board for some time, encouraging broader investment and lending powers for banks that were not part of the Federal Reserve system. Saxon also had decided that non-Reserve banks could underwrite state and local general obligation bonds, again weakening the dominant Federal Reserve banks".
Hedonist Rothschild, Enemy Of 'We The People' : Hidden In Plain Sight!
In a comment made to a Columbia University class on Nov. 12, 1963,Ten days before his assassination, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy said:
"The high office of the President has been used to foment a plot to destroy the American's freedom and before I leave office, I must inform the citizen of this plight."
Roman Catholic Pope Benedict XVI: Earth's Ecosystem Damaged By Rothschild Hoarding And Not By Healthy Carbon Dioxide!
In this matter, John Fitzgerald Kennedy appears to be the subject of his own book… a true Profile of Courage.
This research report was compiled for Lawgiver. Org. by Anthony Wayne
What is the Federal Reserve Bank?
What is the Federal Reserve Bank (FED) and why do we have it?
by Greg Hobbs November 1, 1999
The FED is a central bank. Central banks are supposed to implement a country's fiscal policies. They monitor commercial banks to ensure that they maintain sufficient assets, like cash, so as to remain solvent and stable. Central banks also do business, such as currency exchanges and gold transactions, with other central banks. In theory, a central bank should be good for a country, and they might be if it wasn't for the fact that they are not owned or controlled by the government of the country they are serving. Private central banks, including our FED, operate not in the interest of the public good but for profit.
THE ROTHSCHILD LEAGUE OF INVESTMENT BANKERS PLANNED THE GULF OIL CRISIS: ACT OF WAR ~ VIOLATES NUREMBERG PRINCIPLES ~ RESULTS OF NOT PASSING THE GLASS STEAGALL ACT!
BREAKING ==> TREASON: Obama Drill There Drill Now ~ Stimulates Brazil ~ Do We Need Anymore Reasons To Convene Nuremberg Principles Against This Bastard?!?
There have been three central banks in our nation's history. The first two, while deceptive and fraudulent, pale in comparison to the scope and size of the fraud being perpetrated by our current FED. What they all have in common is an insidious practice known as "fractional banking."
Fractional banking or fractional lending is the ability to create money from nothing, lend it to the government or someone else and charge interest to boot. The practice evolved before banks existed. Goldsmiths rented out space in their vaults to individuals and merchants for storage of their gold or silver. The goldsmiths gave these "depositors" a certificate that showed the amount of gold stored. These certificates were then used to conduct business.
In time the goldsmiths noticed that the gold in their vaults was rarely withdrawn. Small amounts would move in and out but the large majority never moved. Sensing a profit opportunity, the goldsmiths issued double receipts for the gold, in effect creating money (certificates) from nothing and then lending those certificates (creating debt) to depositors and charging them interest as well.
Since the certificates represented more gold than actually existed, the certificates were "fractionally" backed by gold. Eventually some of these vault operations were transformed into banks and the practice of fractional banking continued.
Keep that fractional banking concept in mind as we examine our first central bank, the First Bank of the United States (BUS). It was created, after bitter dissent in the Congress, in 1791 and chartered for 20 years. A scam not unlike the current FED, the BUS used its control of the currency to defraud the public and establish a legal form of usury.
Before his death he was asked what he regarded as his greatest achievement. President Andrew replied without hesitation,"I Killed The Bank,"This is in reference to the fact he banished the Rothschilds Second Bank of the United States in 1836: but then only to return again in 1913, absconded from The U.S. Citizen as the Rothschild's disarmingly named 'The Federal Reserve'.
AFTER 1913 ~ The Glass Steagall Act Enacted By FDR blocked all attempts by Rothschild making Banking Investment into The U.S. economy through his Fed Reserve. In 1999 Bill Clinton Repealed The Glass Steagall Act which thus allowed The Housing Bubble To Take Form And Hit The Apex in 2008, By Fraudulent UnBacked Credit Mortgages To Unsuspecting U.S. Citizens.
This Fraudulent Act Left Americans Wiped Out Of Their Retirements, College Funds, Homes, & Jobs. To put icing on the cake, in order for these unbacked derivative mortgages to be backed, Obama printed $TRILLIONS of new currency which was fraudulently called a [BANKING BAILOUT].
America THROUGH THIS SCAM IS TO BE subjugated to Rothschild International Banking Cabal for the next 30 years IN HIGH TAXATION, unless The Glass Steagall Act Is reintroduced.Right now Rockefeller [Rothschild Puppet] uses McCain [Rockefeller Puppet] to give the appearance that there is a counter conservative movement in the Republican party.
McCain since the 1999 Repeal of the Glass Steagall Act has proffered S.190 which would have removed Fannie Mae And Freddie Mac from the clutches of derivative unbacked mortgage notes in the housing industry.
Yes, all these attempts were marched thru the media as a noble patriotic duty being fulfilled by the GOP, but it was done during a time when Frank/Reid could simply table [sit on] the issue. That Is Exactly What Frank/Dodd/& Reid DID!
FORGET PROSECUTION = GET OUR MONEY BACK! This same modus operandi was marched through the media for the hungry ears of the American Citizen, when it came to the McCain/Cantwell Bill [which is a watered down version of The Glass Steagall Act.
When this bill was introduced, The U.S. State Department was issued an ultimatum to quash this bill or it would be received in The U.K. as an Act Of War against Britain. Remember now, The British people are going through the same SCAM as The American Citizen – but The Monarchy is not part of The British Citizenry.
They are a neutered bull, waiting and hoping that they can gain IMPERIAL power once again by shoving this NWO Scam down everyone's throat. Rothschild & The Queen are behind this megalomaniac design using the power of The Rothschild International Banking Cabal.
Yes George Soros Is One Of The Illuminati Operatives Who's Job Is To Orchestrate Insider Trading Mechanisms.
Clinton allowed Soros In By Repealing The Glass Steagall Act Of 1999 To Set Up TheHousing Bubble To [PUMP] via [unbacked meaningless derivative credit mortgage papers] while at the same time using off shore Hedge funds to invest against the housing industry KNOWING full well the bubble would burst [The DUMP] because it was created by fraud and would not be sustainable by the hollow credit paper that was issued predatorily.
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Demand That The Media Stop Its Seditious Propaganda: Obama Subjugates America To Rothschild's International Banking Cartel Under The Rubric Of {{{2009 $Trillions Banking Bailout}}} & At The Rate Of $110 Billion Dollars Each And Every Month! Month! Month! Month! Month!
Breaking => Senate Investigation Moves Forward On Rothschild Derivative Banking Mortgage Scam & Subsequent Fraudulent 2009 Banking Bailout!
Yes, George Soros was convicted of this crime in France and is now a FELON! But he got a simple mere several $Billion fine ~ while still laughing all the way to the bank.
Power Of Glass-Steagall Act: A Blow Against British Monarchy's London Banks ~ Monarchy Threatens With War If Passed!
Well guess what? Frank/Reid are sitting on this bill as well. McCain once again brings up something that could work, but his attempts are brought up with Frank/Reid in power SITTING ON THEM and not allowing those bills to be voted upon.
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Barney Frank's Days Of Rage: States FORCED To Cut Back DUE TO Barney Frank SITTING On Glass Steagall Act!
Global Awakening
This bank practiced fractional lending at a 10:1 rate, ten dollars of loans for each dollar they had on deposit. This misuse and abuse of their public charter continued for the entire 20 years of their existence. Public outrage over these abuses was such that the charter was not renewed and the bank ceased to exist in 1811.
The war of 1812 left the country in economic chaos, seen by bankers as another opportunity for easy profits. They influenced Congress to charter the second central bank, the Second Bank of the United States (SBUS), in 1816.
The SBUS was more expansive than the BUS. The SBUS sold franchises and literally doubled the number of banks in a short period of time. The country began to boom and move westward, which required money. Using fractional lending at the 10:1 rate, the central bank and their franchisees created the debt/money for the expansion.
Things boomed for a while, then the banks decided to shut off the debt/money, citing the need to control inflation. This action on the part of the SBUS caused bankruptcies and foreclosures. The banks then took control of the assets that were used as security against the loans.
Closely examine how the SBUS engineered this cycle of prosperity and depression. The central bank caused inflation by creating debt/money for loans and credit and making these funds readily available. The economy boomed. Then they used the inflation which they created as an excuse to shut off the loans/credit/money.
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The resulting shortage of cash caused the economy to falter or slow dramatically and large numbers of business and personal bankruptcies resulted. The central bank then seized the assets used as security for the loans. The wealth created by the borrowers during the boom was then transferred to the central bank during the bust. And you always wondered how the big guys ended up with all the marbles.
Barney Frank Caught In Web Of Lies: Barney Protects Goldman Sachs & Wells Fargo By Not Releasing McCain/Cantwell aka; Glass Steagall Act!
Now, who do you think is responsible for all of the ups and downs in our economy over the last 85 years? Think about the depression of the late '20s and all through the '30s. The FED could have pumped lots of debt/money into the market to stimulate the economy and get the country back on track, but did they? No; in fact, they restricted the money supply quite severely. We all know the results that occurred from that action, don't we?
Why would the FED do this? During that period asset values and stocks were at rock bottom prices. Who do you think was buying everything at 10 cents on the dollar? I believe that it is referred to as consolidating the wealth. How many times have they already done this in the last 85 years?
Do you think they will do it again?
Just as an aside at this point, look at today's economy. Markets are declining. Why? Because the FED has been very liberal with its debt/credit/money. The market was hyper inflated. Who creates inflation? The FED. How does the FED deal with inflation? They restrict the debt/credit/money. What happens when they do that? The market collapses.
Several months back, after certain central banks said they would be selling large quantities of gold, the price of gold fell to a 25-year low of about $260 per ounce. The central banks then bought gold. After buying at the bottom, a group of 15 central banks announced that they would be restricting the amount of gold released into the market for the next five years. The price of gold went up $75.00 per ounce in just a few days. How many hundreds of billions of dollars did the central banks make with those two press releases?
Gold is generally considered to be a hedge against more severe economic conditions. Do you think that the private banking families that own the FED are buying or selling equities at this time? (Remember: buy low, sell high.) How much money do you think these FED owners have made since they restricted the money supply at the top of this last current cycle?
Alan Greenspan has said publicly on several occasions that he thinks the market is overvalued, or words to that effect. Just a hint that he will raise interest rates (restrict the money supply), and equity markets have a negative reaction. Governments and politicians do not rule central banks, central banks rule governments and politicians. President Andrew Jackson won the presidency in 1828 with the promise to end the national debt and eliminate the SBUS. During his second term President Jackson withdrew all government funds from the bank and on January 8, 1835, paid off the national debt. He is the only president in history to have this distinction. The charter of the SBUS expired in 1836.
Without a central bank to manipulate the supply of money, the United States experienced unprecedented growth for 60 or 70 years, and the resulting wealth was too much for bankers to endure. They had to get back into the game. So, in 1910 Senator Nelson Aldrich, then Chairman of the National Monetary Commission, in collusion with representatives of the European central banks, devised a plan to pressure and deceive Congress into enacting legislation that would covertly establish a private central bank.
This bank would assume control over the American economy by controlling the issuance of its money. After a huge public relations campaign, engineered by the foreign central banks, the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was slipped through Congress during the Christmas recess, with many members of the Congress absent. President Woodrow Wilson, pressured by his political and financial backers, signed it on December 23, 1913.
THE LAST GREAT PRESIDENT WHO FOUGHT THE CORRUPTED DEMOCRACY, FOR THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC!
FACT! President Kennedy Was Shot Because He Refused To Cooperate With The Crown For The Vietnam War! Vietnam War Was Part Of The 50 Year Cycle Objective To Destroy America From Inside. The JFK intention to end the Vietnam War (which was a very profitable war for the bankers) by 1965 would severely have cut the profits of the private owned Federal Reserve Bank and the banking establishment.
The act created the Federal Reserve System, a name carefully selected and designed to deceive. "Federal" would lead one to believe that this is a government organization. "Reserve" would lead one to believe that the currency is being backed by gold and silver. "System" was used in lieu of the word "bank" so that one would not conclude that a new central bank had been created.
In reality, the act created a private, for profit, central banking corporation owned by a cartel of private banks. Who owns the FED? The Rothschilds of London and Berlin; Lazard Brothers of Paris; Israel Moses Seif of Italy; Kuhn, Loeb and Warburg of Germany; and the Lehman Brothers, Goldman, Sachs and the Rockefeller families of New York.
Did you know that the FED is the only for-profit corporation in America that is exempt from both federal and state taxes? The FED takes in about one trillion dollars per year tax free! The banking families listed above get all that money.
Almost everyone thinks that the money they pay in taxes goes to the US Treasury to pay for the expenses of the government. Do you want to know where your tax dollars really go? If you look at the back of any check made payable to the IRS you will see that it has been endorsed as "Pay Any F.R.B. Branch or Gen. Depository for Credit U.S. Treas. This is in Payment of U.S. Oblig." Yes, that's right, every dime you pay in income taxes is given to those private banking families, commonly known as the FED, tax free.
Like many of you, I had some difficulty with the concept of creating money from nothing. You may have heard the term "monetizing the debt," which is kind of the same thing. As an example, if the US Government wants to borrow $1 million ó the government does borrow every dollar it spends ó they go to the FED to borrow the money. The FED calls the Treasury and says print 10,000 Federal Reserve Notes (FRN) in units of one hundred dollars.
The Treasury charges the FED 2.3 cents for each note, for a total of $230 for the 10,000 FRNs. The FED then lends the $1 million to the government at face value plus interest. To add insult to injury, the government has to create a bond for $1 million as security for the loan. And the rich get richer. The above was just an example, because in reality the FED does not even print the money; it's just a computer entry in their accounting system. To put this on a more personal level, let's use another example.
Today's banks are members of the Federal Reserve Banking System. This membership makes it legal for them to create money from nothing and lend it to you. Today's banks, like the goldsmiths of old, realize that only a small fraction of the money deposited in their banks is ever actually withdrawn in the form of cash. Only about 4 percent of all the money that exists is in the form of currency. The rest of it is simply a computer entry.
Let's say you're approved to borrow $10,000 to do some home improvements. You know that the bank didn't actually take $10,000 from its pile of cash and put it into your pile? They simply went to their computer and input an entry of $10,000 into your account. They created, from thin air, a debt which you have to secure with an asset and repay with interest. The bank is allowed to create and lend as much debt as they want as long as they do not exceed the 10:1 ratio imposed by the FED.
It sort of puts a new slant on how you view your friendly bank, doesn't it? How about those loan committees that scrutinize you with a microscope before approving the loan they created from thin air. What a hoot! They make it complex for a reason. They don't want you to understand what they are doing. People fear what they do not understand. You are easier to delude and control when you are ignorant and afraid.
Now to put the frosting on this cake. When was the income tax created? If you guessed 1913, the same year that the FED was created, you get a gold star. Coincidence? What are the odds? If you are going to use the FED to create debt, who is going to repay that debt? The income tax was created to complete the illusion that real money had been lent and therefore real money had to be repaid. And you thought Houdini was good.
So, what can be done? My father taught me that you should always stand up for what is right, even if you have to stand up alone.
If "We the People" don't take some action now, there may come a time when "We the People" are no more. You should write a letter or send an email to each of your elected representatives. Many of our elected representatives do not understand the FED. Once informed they will not be able to plead ignorance and remain silent.
Article 1, Section 8 of the US Constitution specifically says that Congress is the only body that can "coin money and regulate the value thereof." The US Constitution has never been amended to allow anyone other than Congress to coin and regulate currency.
Ask your representative, in light of that information, how it is possible for the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, and the Federal Reserve Bank that it created, to be constitutional. Ask them why this private banking cartel is allowed to reap trillions of dollars in profits without paying taxes. Insist on an answer.
Thomas Jefferson said, "If the America people ever allow private banks to control the issuance of their currencies, first by inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the people of all their prosperity until their children will wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered."
Jefferson saw it coming 150 years ago. The question is, "Can you now see what is in store for us if we allow the FED to continue controlling our country?"
"The condition upon which God hath given liberty to man is eternal vigilance; which condition if he breaks, servitude is at once the consequence of his crime, and the punishment of his guilt."
John P. Curran
Source: http://www.roc-grp.org/jfk.html
Read How The Above Facts Were Spun To The Public In Rothschild's Britain
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Unconstitutional Powers
Usurped Powers By Repetition Unconstitutional
Unconstitutional usurpations by one branch of government of powers entrusted to a coequal branch are not rendered constitutional by repetition.
The United States Supreme Court held unconstitutional hundreds of laws enacted by Congress over the course of five decades that included a legislative veto of executive actions in INS v. Chada, 462 U.S. 919 (1982).
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text:
Self Help Groups Prevalence and Coverage
Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in Sub-Saharan Africa can be defined as mutual assistance organizations through which individuals undertake collective action in order to improve their own lives. "Collective action" implies that individuals share their time, labor, money, or other assets with the group. In a recent EPAR data analysis, we use three nationally-representative survey tools to examine various indicators related to the coverage and prevalence of Self-Help Group usage across six Sub-Saharan African countries. EPAR has developed Stata .do files for the construction of a set of self-help group indicators using data from the Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA), Financial Inclusion Index (FII), and FinScope.
We compiled a set of summary statistics for the final indicators using data from the following survey instruments:
Ethiopia:
Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey (ESS), Wave 3 (2015-16)
Kenya FinScope, Wave 4 (2015)
Kenya FII, Wave 4 (2016)
Nigeria FII, Wave 4 (2016)
Rwanda:
Rwanda FII, Wave 4 (2016)
Tanzania:
Tanzania National Panel Survey (TNPS), Wave 4 (2014-15)
Tanzania FinScope, Wave 4 (2017)
Tanzania FII, Wave 4 (2016)
Uganda:
Uganda FinScope, Wave 3 (2013)
Uganda FII, Wave 4 (2016)
The raw survey data files are available for download free of charge from the World Bank LSMS-ISA website, the Financial Sector Deepening Trust website, and the Financial Inclusion Insights website. The .do files process the data and create final data sets at the household (LSMS-ISA) and individual (FII, FinScope) levels with labeled variables, which can be used to estimate summary statistics for the indicators.
All the instruments include nationally-representative samples. All estimates from the LSMS-ISA are household-level cluster-weighted means, while all estimates from FII and FinScope are calculated as individual-level weighted means. The proportions in the Indicators Spreadsheet are therefore estimates of the true proportion of individuals/households in the national population during the year of the survey. EPAR also created a Tableau visualization of these summary statistics, which can be found here.
We have also prepared a document outlining the construction decisions for each indicator across survey instruments and countries. We attempted to follow the same construction approach across instruments, and note any situations where differences in the instruments made this impossible.
The spreadsheet includes estimates of the following indicators created in our code files:
Sub-Populations
Proportion of individuals who have access to a mobile phone
Proportion of individuals who have official identification
Proportion of individuals who are female
Proportion of individuals who use mobile money
Proportion of individuals who have a bank account
Proportion of individuals who live in a rural area
Individual Poverty Status
Two Lowest PPI Quintiles
Middle PPI Quintile
Two Highest PPI Quintiles
Coverage & Prevalence
Proportion of individuals who have interacted with a SHG
Proportion of individuals who have used an SHG for financial services
Proportion of individuals who depend most on SHGs for financial advice
Proportion of individuals who have received financial advice from a SHG
Proportion of households that have interacted with a SHG
Proportion of households in communities with at least one SHG
Proportion of households in communities with access to multiple farmer cooperative groups
Proportion of households who have used an SHG for financial services
In addition, we produced estimates for 29 indicators related to characteristics of SHG use including indicators related to frequency of SHG use, characteristics of SHG groups, and individual/household trust of SHGs.
Indicator Cross-Comparisons, All Countries Pivot Tables
EPAR Technical Report #355 and EPAR Research Briefs #355A & #355B & #355C
Impact of Regulations on Cash-In and Cash-Out Networks
Many low- and middle-income countries remain challenged by a financial infrastructure gap, evidenced by very low numbers of bank branches and automated teller machines (ATMs) (e.g., 2.9 branches per 100,000 people in Ethiopia versus 13.5 in India and 32.9 in the United States (U.S.) and 0.5 ATMs per 100,000 people in Ethiopia versus 19.7 in India and 173 in the U.S.) (The World Bank 2015a; 2015b). Furthermore, only an estimated 62 percent of adults globally have a banking account through a formal financial institution, leaving over 2 billion adults unbanked (Demirgüç–Kunt et al., 2015). While conventional banks have struggled to extend their networks into low-income and rural communities, digital financial services (DFS) have the potential to extend financial opportunities to these groups (Radcliffe & Voorhies, 2012). In order to utilize DFS however, users must convert physical cash to electronic money which requires access to cash-in, cash-out (CICO) networks—physical access points including bank branches but also including "branchless banking" access points such as ATMs, point-of-sale (POS) terminals, agents, and cash merchants. As mobile money and branchless banking expand, countries are developing new regulations to govern their operations (Lyman, Ivatury, & Staschen, 2006; Lyman, Pickens, & Porteous, 2008; Ivatury & Mas, 2008), including regulations targeting aspects of the different CICO interfaces.
EPAR's work on CICO networks consists of five components. First, we summarize types of recent mobile money and branchless banking regulations related to CICO networks and review available evidence on the impacts these regulations may have on markets and consumers. In addition to this technical report we developed a short addendum (EPAR 355a) which includes a description of findings on patterns around CICO regulations over time. Another addendum (EPAR 355b) summarizes trends in exclusivity regulations including overall trends, country-specific approaches to exclusivity, and a table showing how available data on DFS adoption from FII and GSMA might relate to changes in exclusivity policies over time. A third addendum (EPAR 355c) explores trends in CICO network expansion with a focus on policies seeking to improve access among more remote or under-served populations. Lastly, we developed a database of CICO regulations, including a regulatory decision options table which outlines the key decisions that countries can make to regulate CICOs and a timeline of when specific regulations related to CICOs were introduced in eight focus countries, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
355 Full Report, 355 Results Coding, 355a Research Brief, 355b Research Brief , 355c Research Brief
Aid and Economic Self-Sufficiency
Donor countries and multilateral organizations may pursue multiple goals with foreign aid, including supporting low-income country development for strategic/security purposes (national security, regional political stability) and for short-and long-term economic interests (market development and access, local and regional market stability). While the literature on the effectiveness of aid in supporting progress on different indicators of country development is inconclusive, donors are interested in evidence that aid funding is not permanent but rather contributes to a process by which recipient countries develop to a point that they are economically self-sufficient. In this report, we review the literature on measures of country self-sufficiency and descriptive evidence from illustrative case studies to explore conditions associated with transitions toward self-sufficiency in certain contexts.
Technical Report, Case Study - Botswana, Case Study - Indonesia, Case Study - India, Case Study - Ghana, Case Study - Rwanda
Digital Financial Services & Gender: An Analysis of Correlates of Awareness, Adoption, and Use
In this report we analyze three waves nationally-representative household survey data from Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Nigeria, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Indonesia to explore sociodemographic and economic factors associated with mobile money adoption, awareness, and use across countries and over time. Our findings indicate that to realize the potential of digital financial services to reach currently unbanked populations and increase financial inclusion, particular attention needs to be paid to barriers faced by women in accessing mobile money. While policies and interventions to promote education, employment, phone ownership, and having a bank account may broadly help to increase mobile money adoption and use, potentially bringing in currently unbanked populations, specific policies targeting women may be needed to close current gender gaps.
Rural/Urban Divides in Mobile Coverage Expansion
Mobile technology is associated with a variety of positive development and social outcomes, and as a result reaching the "final frontier" of uncovered populations is an important policy issue. We use proprietary 2012 data on mobile coverage from Collins Bartholomew to estimate the proportion of the population living in areas without mobile coverage globally and in selected regions and countries, and use spatial analysis to identify where these populations are concentrated. We then compare our coverage estimates to data from previous years and estimates from the most recent literature to provide a picture of recent trends in coverage expansion, considering separately the trends for coverage of urban and rural populations. We find that mobile coverage expansion rates are slowing, as easier to reach urban populations in developing countries are now almost entirely covered and the remaining uncovered populations are more dispersed in rural areas and therefore more difficult and costly to reach. This analysis of mobile coverage trends was the focus of an initial report on mobile coverage estimates. In a follow-up paper prepared for presentation at the 2016 APPAM International Conference, we investigate the assumption that levels of mobile network coverage are related to the degree of market liberalization at the country level.
Full Report on Mobile Coverage Estimates, Presentation Slides on Mobile Coverage Estimates, Mobile Coverage Expansion Conference Paper, Mobile Coverage Expansion Conference Slides
Financial Pathways out of Poverty: Evidence from Bangladesh and Tanzania
In this report, we analyze the evidence that improved and expanded access to financial services can be a pathway out of poverty in Bangladesh and Tanzania. A brief background review of finance and poverty reduction evidence at the country, household, and individual level emphasizes the importance of a functioning financial system and the need to remove individual and household barriers to capital accumulation. We follow with an in-depth literature review on studies that link poverty reduction in Bangladesh or Tanzania with one or more of five financial intervention categories: remittances; government subsidies; conditional and unconditional cash transfers; credit; and combination programs. The resulting empirical evidence from these sources reveal a high share (61%) of positive reported associations between a financial intervention and outcome measure related to our five chosen financial interventions. The remaining studies found insignificant or mixed associations, but very few (3 out of 56) indicate that access to a financial mechanism was associated with worsened poverty. The heterogeneity of study types and interventions makes it difficult to draw conclusions about the efficacy of one intervention over another, and more research is needed on whether such approaches constitute a durable, long-term exit from poverty.
Full Report, Results Coding Spreadsheet
Nigeria Economic Growth & Poverty
Common aid allocation formulas incorporate measures of income per capita but not measures of poverty, likely based on the assumption that rising average incomes are associated with reduced poverty. If declining poverty is the outcome of interest, however, the case of Nigeria illustrates that such aid allocation formulas could lead to poorly targeted or inefficient aid disbursements. Using data from the World Bank and the Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics, we find that while the relationship between economic growth and poverty in Nigeria varies depending on the time period studied, overall from 1992-2009 Nigeria's poverty rate has only declined by 6% despite a 70% increase in per capita gross domestic product (GDP). A review of the literature indicates that income inequality, the prominence of the oil sector, unemployment, corruption, and poor education and health in Nigeria may help to explain the pattern of high ongoing poverty rates in the country even in the presence of economic growth. Our analysis is limited by substantial gaps in the availability of quality data on measures of poverty and economic growth in Nigeria, an issue also raised in the literature we reviewed, but our findings support arguments that economic growth should not be assumed to lead to poverty reduction and that the relationship between these outcomes likely depends on contextual factors.
Drivers of Inorganic Fertilizer Use in Tanzania: A Comparison of the TZNPS and FF Datasets
This brief explores how two datasets – The Tanzania National Panel Survey (TZNPS) and the TNS-Research International Farmer Focus (FF) – predict the determinants of inorganic fertilizer use among smallholder farmers in Tanzania by using regression analysis. The (TZNPS) was implemented by the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics, with support from the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study – Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) team and includes extensive information on crop productivity and input use. The FF survey was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and implemented by TNS Research International and focuses on the on the behaviors and attitudes of smallholder farmers in Tanzania. The two datasets produce relatively comparable results for the primary predictors of inorganic fertilizer use: agricultural extension and whether or not a household grows cash crops. However, other factors influencing input use produce results that vary in magnitude and direction of the effect across the two datasets. Distinct survey instrument designs make it difficult to test the robustness of the models on input use other than inorganic fertilizer. This brief uses data inorganic fertilizer use, rather than adoption per se. The TZNPS did not ask households how recently they began using a certain product and although the FF survey asked respondents how many new inputs were tried in the past four planting seasons, they did not ask specifically about inorganic fertilizer.
EPAR Research Brief #78
Political Economy of Fertilizer Policy in Côte d'Ivoire
In the decades following independence in 1960, Côte d'Ivoire stood out as a shining example of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. GDP increased at an annual average of 8.1 percent from 1960 to 1979, led largely by cocoa and coffee exports. Low export earnings from a fall in world cocoa prices and a heavy public debt burden halted this growth in the 1980s, followed by civil conflict beginning in 1999. Three decades of focus on export crops rather than food crops also left Côte d'Ivoire with a growing food deficit. This literature review examines the state of agriculture in Côte d'Ivoire and the history of government involvement in the agricultural sector. We find that while the country is poised to reemerge from a decade of economic stagnation and civil war after signing the Ouagadougou Political Accord in 2007, the political economy of Côte d'Ivoire is still heavily dependent upon and influenced by the production of cocoa. Cocoa is the top export, and cocoa export taxes provide one of the largest sources of revenue for the Government of Côte d'Ivoire (GoCI). Cocoa is not heavily dependent on fertilizer inputs and growers have increased production by expanding cropland. The small contribution of fertilizer to the production of this essential crop may help explain the GoCI's low priority on expanding fertilizer production and use. Given that a large part of government revenue comes from the export of cocoa and coffee, the government has chosen to focus resources on crops that increase revenue. Even with the food riots in 2008, the GoCI has not made increasing domestic food production an important focus of agricultural policy.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
M4ufree - DRAMA Movies
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How I Met Your
How I Met Your Father (2022–)
How I Met Your Father 2022 In the near future, Sophie Duff is telling her son the story of how she met his father a story that catapults us back to the year 2021 where Sophie and her close knit group of friends are in the midst of figuring out who they are, what they want out of life, and how to fal
Echoes of the P
Echoes of the Past (2021)
Echoes of the Past 2021 A fictional drama inspired by true events, the Massacre of Kalavryta committed by invading German troops in December 1943 When the Greek government launches a multi billion legal claim for war reparations, Caroline Martin, a high flying lawyer representing the German governme
Causality (2021
Causality (2021)
Causality 2021 Causalidad tells the story of Claudia, who shows up at a bar to meet Luis, a doctor who contacted her through a dating app Claudia cannot imagine what fate has in store for her A kidnapping that ends with an inevitable and unpredictable death A suspenseful story with surprising twists
Cosmic Radio (2
Cosmic Radio (2021)
Cosmic Radio 2021 A 38 year old California trust fund kid tries to save his independent radio station, KZMC Cosmic Radio, from financial ruin when his wealthy father pulls the plug
Heatwave (2021)
Heatwave 2021 The tense relationship between a mother and son reaches a climax during a summer heatwave
Half Half (2022
Half Half (2022)
Half Half 2022 Two worlds collide as an unlikely friendship forms between an optimistic homeless man, Adam, and a jaded young bride, Amira, as they discover theyre both playing to win one million dollars and agree to split the winning share Half and Half
Borrelia Boreal
Borrelia Borealis (2022)
Borrelia Borealis 2022 Beth, an already lonely and isolated woman living in Los Angeles, suffering from late stage Chronic Lyme Disease finds herself at the end of her rope when a global pandemic and encroaching wildfires make her already complicated and stressful prognosis that much more dire When
Entropy 2022 On the same day Abbey is diagnosed with ovarian cancer, she and her girlfriend, Miranda, are invited to dinner by Mirandas former self help group to celebrate the return of their estranged friend, Scott, who left to discover the origins of their practices Throughout the night, Abbey rea
Road to Perth (
Road to Perth (2021)
Road to Perth 2021 Rejected after a marriage proposal, Alex finds himself alone on a journey from Los Angeles to Melbourne, Australia, on what was supposed to be a happy vacation with his new fiancee Stuck in a mild state of shock, Alex crosses paths with Ronnie a woman on an adventure of her own an


text:
THE NBA: Sonics, Raptors fined $100,000 for mikeless coaches
By Chris Sheridan, The Associated Press — Mar 14th, 2000
NEW YORK - The NBA kept its word Monday and fined the Seattle SuperSonics and Toronto Raptors $100,000 each after their coaches refused to wear microphones for an NBC telecast.
"I really think they're making a mistake going down that path," Sonics coach Paul Westphal said. "I don't want to fight with the league. The league has been very good to me. As a coach I try to do my best but (microphones) handcuff me."
New York Knicks coach Jeff Van Gundy said he was still uncertain whether he'd abide by the league's enforcement of the policy and agree to wear a microphone for tonight's Knicks-Rockets game.
"I've already stated my objections," Van Gundy said. "Whether I wear it or not is basically irrelevant."
But many were keeping on eye on Van Gundy for the next move in a dispute that has placed several high-profile coaches at odds with the league.
Teams, not the individual coaches, are responsible for paying the fines, although Raptors coach Butch Carter and Westphal said they were willing to take the money out their own pockets.
Rudy Tomjanovich of the Rockets, whose team will play Van Gundy's in a game televised by TNT, has not expressed any serious qualms about the microphone.
But Van Gundy has been one of the more vocal critics. He is scheduled to be miked twice in the next five days - Tuesday against Houston and Sunday against the Los Angeles Lakers. He said he would speak with Knicks president Dave Checketts and general manager Scott Layden before Tuesday night's game.
If a coach refuses to be miked, the fine will increase each time he balks.
"The amount of the fine is unprecedented," Van Gundy said. "You can get into a fight on the court and not get that big of a fine. The only thing you can do is tamper to get a bigger fine."
The controversy prompted the executive board of the National Basketball Coaches Association to speak by conference call Monday. Among those in the discussion was Atlanta Hawks coach Lenny Wilkens, the association president.
"We're examining all our options," said Michael Goldberg, executive director of the association. "We're not going to sit idly by while coaches are forced to do something that from the bottom of their hearts they feel is wrong to do. There are many coaches who feel it has a negative impact on their ability to do their jobs, and we feel it's improper to force them to do it."
Carter and Westphal's refusal to be miked was the strongest action to date taken by any coach.
Miami's Pat Riley refused to wear a microphone a week earlier, prompting the league to warn of substantial fines for anyone else who fails to comply.
But the size of the fine was not a deterrent Sunday.
Carter was miked during last Monday's TBS broadcast in Portland, but says he hid the microphone after halftime. He said Sunday that the team's two veteran leaders, Charles Oakley and Antonio Davis, didn't want him miked.
"They thought it was an invasion," Carter said. "I can't afford to lose the respect of my players. There are things that are said in the heat of battle. ... I'm not going to screw up the respect we've started."
Westphal was reviewing his options Monday and planned to further address the issue Tuesday, a Sonics spokesman said.
NBA Notebook
Team owner Bob Johnson, right, NBA commissioner David Stern, center, and Charlotte mayor Pat McCrory applauded the unveiling of the Charlotte Bobcats logo Wednesday. AP photo by Chuck Burton Jeff Van Gundy Van Gundy introduced as top Rocket HOUSTON -- Jeff Van Gundy ... [Read More...]
Van Gundy's mouth costs him $100,000
Houston Rockets coach Jeff Van Gundy, left, was fined $100,000 and chastised publicly by commissioner David Stern after saying center Yao Ming was being targeted by NBA officials because of comments made by Dallas owner Mark Cuban. AP photo by David J. Phillip DALLAS — ... [Read More...]
Sonics coach says mike ruling a 'bad policy'
SEATTLE (AP)- Seattle SuperSonics coach Paul Westphal doesn't want to wear a microphone during Sunday's game against the Toronto Raptors. But if he doesn't, he could be fined $100,000 by the NBA. To increase TV ratings, which have fallen dramatically since Michael Jordan ... [Read More...]
THE NBA: League to coaches: Wear mikes or pay big
NEW YORK (AP) - Pat Riley escaped a fine for refusing to wear a microphone during Sunday's Heat-Lakers game on NBC. The next coach to do so won't be treated so lightly. Fines will start at $100,000. Despite a chorus of complaints from coaches, ... [Read More...]
* PRO BASKETBALL NBA temporarily backs off microphone policy NEW YORK - Knicks coach Jeff Van Gundy didn't wear a microphone for Tuesday night's game against the Houston Rockets. He didn't have to. Following an outcry of protests from coaches around the league, a ... [Read More...]


The second part of the interview I did with Jess at Jicsi's Jewellery is online; in this part we talk about mythology and the inspiration behind my Mythology Mayhem collection. I love Jess' jewellery and nearly bought a fortune teller bracelet from her shop the other day – definitely check it out.
I've added to my Patreon so anyone who pledges $35 at a time will receive quarterly snail mail parcels from me as well as a letter. So far my thinking is that the parcels will be full of useful and pretty things, like socks and artwork I think you'll like. You can see my whole page plus the perks here.
In Etsy news, I've updated my postage options so everything is cheaper to ship, essentially, and postal upgrades are available as usual. Plus, from Black Friday until 6th December, every physical order will receive a free sheet of my stickers… if you ordered stickers, you get more stickers.
Happy Thanksgiving to those of you in the States!


Cookie Pizza the Editors of Publications International, Ltd.
Preheat oven to 350°F. Generously grease 12-inch pizza pan. Let dough stand at room temperature about 15 minutes.
Press dough onto prepared pan, leaving about 3/4 inch between edge of dough and pan. Sprinkle dough with flour to minimize sticking, if necessary.
Bake 14 to 23 minutes or until golden brown and set in center. Cool completely in pan on wire rack. Run metal spatula between cookie and pan after 10 to 15 minutes to loosen.
Combine semisweet chocolate chips and 1 tablespoon shortening in microwavable bowl. Microwave on HIGH 1 minute; stir. Repeat process at 10- to 20-second intervals until melted and smooth. Spread melted chocolate mixture over crust to within 1 inch of edge. Decorate with desired toppings.
Combine white chocolate chips and remaining 2 teaspoons shortening in another microwavable bowl. Microwave on MEDIUM-HIGH (70%) 1 minute; stir. Repeat process at 10- to 20-second intervals until melted and smooth. Drizzle melted white chocolate over toppings to resemble melted mozzarella cheese.


text:
GM sells Peugeot Citroen equity
By aladmin2014-01-13T12:15:04+00:00
US – The 7% stake, representing over 24 million shares, was sold through private placement to institutional investors and generated gross proceeds of €0.25 billion.
General Motors announced that there would be no public offering of the securities in the US; the offer and sale of the shares will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933.
Steve Girsky, vice-chairman at GM, commented: "Our equity stake was planned to support PSA in their efforts to raise capital at the time of the creation of the GM and PSA alliance, and that support is no longer needed."
www.gm.com
www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en
In this latest AMS digital edition we have features on BMW's San Luis Potosi facility in Mexico, Ford's planned European Electrification Centre at Cologne, CATL's battery cell production operations in Europe, ZF's upgrading of its plants for EVs and electronics, and more.
Engineering the future of manufacturing
Ford Research and Advanced Manufacturing Europe and Microsoft joined the ninth panel at Automotive Evolution Europe to discuss some of the steps Europe's automotive industry is taking to future-proof factories and quicken the rollout of new technology, battery and EV production.
Ford upgrades its Cologne plant to be the European Electrification Centre
Ford's Rene Wolf talks about the company's electrification plans and the imminent impact on its Cologne plant


The Best Home Ranch Agency in Bryan Texas – Service Insurance Group Company.
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text:
Attempt to begin Trump impeachment rejected
South Korea-Japan trade row: What's at stake?
Did Beijing residents really spot a UFO?
An unidentified flying object emitting a white light appeared in the night sky over #Beijing on Thursday. Similar sightings were reported in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and northwestern Shaanxi Province. But the phenomenon has nothing to do with #aliens. One expert said it resulted from exhaust gas released by a man-made aircraft flying at an altitude high enough to reflect sunbeams. #UFO
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A vote of 332 to 95 in the U.S. House of Representatives killed the impeach
A senior American diplomat is on a visit to Seoul on Wednesday to fix a sim
The outgoing UK prime minister has made her last major speech before she of
For decades, China has been Africa's largest trading partner, with de
An animal rescue group is asking for help caring for nearly 100 baby snowy
At least seven dead in shopping mall collapse in Mexico
Air India's Trichy to Dubai flight hits wall during take-off, 136 lives risked
Latest: South Korea-Japan trade row: What's at stake? watsupasia.com/news/south-kor…
Latest: Attempt to begin Trump impeachment rejected watsupasia.com/news/attempt-t…


5.11 Tactical Jacquard Beanie (Fatigue).
On a chilly sunrise hunt or in the stands taking in a cold day of football, the 5.11® Jacquard Beanie has you covered. Its 100% Jacquard cotton is super soft, but textured, with camo patterns woven into the fabric rather than printed on the surface. For the perfect lightweight skull warmer that travels well, roll up the Jacquard Beanie, put it in your pocket and roll out.


Champagne is the ultimate synonym for a moment of festivity in a lordly and intellectual manner. Not too many individuals can appreciate great Champagne but if you'd like to treasure Champagne like those few individuals then continue reading this article. And if you inquire what the greatest Champagne Brands in the world are, you'll wonder no more because we've collected information about the best of the best for you right here.
Surely some of the most pricy champagnes in the world come from the strongest Brands, but we're not going to begin from there, and we'll start from what individuals appreciate most. If we'd have a popularity competition for Champagne Brands, Dom Perignon would be number one without a doubt. There where many legends surrounding this rare Champagne, for example many believed that Dom Perignon the Benedictine monastic fabricated the renowned sparkling Champagne, which is definitely not true, yet he did contribute tremendously to the development of the Champagne as we know it nowadays. Dom Perignon turned renowned after the First World War when Moet and Chandon, another big Champagne brand, presented Dom Perignon as a new vintage Champagne in the industry.
Moet and Chandon is seen one of the most costly Champagne in the world. Moet begun his Champagne business in 1750 providing drink to the Royal Court and later for Napoleon I. Today the producer has a massive part of the luxury Champagne industry and owns a royal warrant to provide the sublime drink to Queen Elizabeth II.
Another big Champaign trademark is Piper-Heidsieck, some believe it's the most costly sparkling wine in the world. Heidsieck was considered the Champagne of Marylin Monroe because of her renowned affirmation : "I get up each morning with a glass of Piper-Heidsieck".
Perrier-Jouet is best-known for the flowered pattern on the bottle. It is regarded as the most quality pointed Champaign Brand in the world. It's a essential to also mention in this list the legendary Louis Roederer which was the legitimate wine provider to the Imperial Court of Russia in the beginning of 20th century and the manufacturer of the luxury Champagne Cristal.
The James Bond Champagne or Bollinger, is a giant Champagne Brand that used the motion picture industry as a commercializing instrument. From 1973 to 2006 actors such as Roger Moore, Pierce Brosnan and Daniel Craig all playing James Bond demand for a bottle of Bollinger during the action of the film.
Other special names that should be referred are: Taittinger, Freixenet, Veuve-Cliquot, Billecart Salmon, Duval-Leroy.
Champagne is the noblest drink and once you taste a glass of the best in the world you can say to yourself you've lastly celebrated life. Let's have a glass of the best Champagne. Cheers!


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3000 Hillyer Lane Directions Woodburn, OR 97071
Video Showroom
Structure My Deal tools are complete — you're ready to visit Hillyer's Mid - City Ford!
Done with the tools you need? You're ready to visit Hillyer's Mid - City Ford! Get Driving Directions
The health and safety of our staff, customers, and community is our top priority. Read an important message from Hillyer's Mid - City Ford.
Our Exceptional New Ford Inventory For Sale at Hillyer's Mid-City Ford
Fast Coupes
Ford has been continuously developing and optimizing the performance of its vehicles. The new Ford Mustang is a blazingly fast coupe that can be purchased in a multitude of configurations. Whether you need a fuel-efficient vehicle that packs power, or you need a beastly V8 engine that is ready to tear up the streets, the new Ford Mustang lineup has options for everyone.
Comfortable Sedans
The new Ford Fusion is practical, efficient, and available in hybrid variants. The latest Fusion model offers seating for up to five occupants and has a 16 cubic-foot trunk volume.
Tough Trucks
Ford has many durable pickup truck and SUV options for the new model year. The new Ford Bronco offers exceptional off-road capabilities from a highly configurable body style. The latest Ford Super Duty model provides a durable chassis and a 37,000-pound maximum towing capacity.
Efficient Hybrids
The list of new electric and hybrid Ford models is extensive. Ford offers a range of hybrid vehicles that span from cars to truck models. The new Ford Mustang Mach-E is a highly-anticipated model that offers all-electric performance and the body style of a crossover.
Tough Workers
Ford has produced a variety of great commercial vehicles for the latest model year. No matter your specific needs, you will be sure to find the perfect vehicle in the new commercial lineup that Ford produces. If you want a vehicle that you can build from the ground up, Ford has that desire satisfied with their two stripped-down chassis models. If you want to configure a heavy-duty truck for specific tasks, then the Ford F-650 and Ford F-750 are ready for you to build. Do you just need a cargo van that can haul many items in a single trip? Then look no further than the new Ford Transit van.
Visit us today at Hillyer's Mid-City Ford to explore everything our new Inventory has to offer.
Monday - Friday 9am-6:30pm
Monday 7:30am-6pm
Tuesday 7:30am-6pm
Wednesday 7:30am-6pm
Thursday 7:30am-6pm


The first annual ComSciCon-Rocky Mountain West Workshop will take place September 23-24, 2017 on the University of Colorado Boulder campus. We are excited to welcome graduate students from Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Utah. Thanks to our generous sponsors, the workshop will be free of charge to all accepted applicants.
At our workshop, participants will network with and learn from professional science communicators—including but not limited to science journalists, writers, researchers, industry professionals, policy makers—and work closely with these experts on learning how to construe and deliver the perfect elevator pitch, deliver a winning interview, write an original piece for a popular science outlet and more! This workshop will also feature a keynote speaker, workshops, and expert panels on the following topics: science writing & multimedia, science communication in industry, science policy and advocacy settings, diversity and inclusion as well as community engagement. Participants will walk away with insight on how to utilize communication skills throughout their careers, regardless of career path.
Connect with us on Twitter and Facebook for updates!


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#ifndef PAGESPEED_SYSTEM_ADD_HEADERS_FETCHER_H_
#define PAGESPEED_SYSTEM_ADD_HEADERS_FETCHER_H_

#include "net/instaweb/http/public/url_async_fetcher.h"
#include "pagespeed/kernel/base/basictypes.h"
#include "pagespeed/kernel/base/string.h"

namespace net_instaweb {

class AsyncFetch;
class RewriteOptions;
class MessageHandler;

// A simple wrapper around another fetcher that adds headers to requests based
// on settings in the rewrite options before passing them on to the backend
// fetcher.
class AddHeadersFetcher : public UrlAsyncFetcher {
 public:
  // Caller keeps ownership of backend_fetcher.
  AddHeadersFetcher(const RewriteOptions* options,
                    UrlAsyncFetcher* backend_fetcher);
  ~AddHeadersFetcher() override;

  bool SupportsHttps() const override {
    return backend_fetcher_->SupportsHttps();
  }

  void Fetch(const GoogleString& url, MessageHandler* message_handler,
             AsyncFetch* callback) override;

 private:
  const RewriteOptions* const options_;
  UrlAsyncFetcher* const backend_fetcher_;

  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AddHeadersFetcher);
};

}  // namespace net_instaweb

#endif  // PAGESPEED_SYSTEM_ADD_HEADERS_FETCHER_H_

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A l'occasion de la Journée internationale des Nations Unies et du 70e anniversaire de la World Federation of United Nations Associations (WFUNA) fondée le 2 août 1946 à Luxembourg, une séance académique a été organisée le 19 octobre 2016 au campus Limpertsberg de l'Université du Luxembourg. Les 6 prochains articles concernent cette soirée spéciale.
Ladies and Gentlemen, Distinguished guests, Allow me to begin by thanking Mr André Rollinger and all the members and volunteers of the Association luxembourgeoise pour les Nations Unies for hosting the commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the World Federation of United Nations Associations.
As the World Federation of United Nations Associations (WFUNA) has been founded in Luxembourg in 1946, the Association Luxembourgeoise pour les Nations Unies (ALNU) / United Nations Association UNA Luxembourg is very honored to host this year in Luxembourg a commemoration for the 70th anniversary of the WFUNA.
Excellences, Distinguished Participants, Ladies and Gentlemen, I am delighted to be here today to celebrate with you this important landmark for our organization. Let me begin by thanking our gracious host, the United Nations Association of Luxembourg, and in particular the President of the Association, Mr. André Rollinger and Vice-President, Mr. Paul Frank, for their long-standing commitment to the World Federation of United Nations Associations.
Excellences, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, When the World Federation of UN Associations was founded in Luxembourg on August 2, 1946, not only the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, but large parts of the world were in shambles.
Video of the panel discussion at the commemoration in Luxembourg of the 70th anniversary of the World Federation of United Nations Associations.


Speaking at a panel of local officials during the annual meeting of China's National People's Congress, a mostly rubber-stamp body, Wu and others described the self-immolations as a coordinated plot.
That description was at odds with past incidents, however, when rights group websites frequently have had only partial biographical details of those who'd set themselves on fire. The groups also have lagged before posting photographs of those who've self-immolated _ usually just grainy headshots _ and at times upload none at all.
Chinese authorities go to great lengths to prevent foreign journalists from entering ethnic Tibetan areas in Sichuan to check such claims, detaining reporters at roadblocks and questioning them before escorting their vehicles out of the area. The province abuts Tibet, which the Chinese government officially administers as an autonomous region but controls by a strict security regime.
The remarks by China's officials conflicted with interviews conducted by McClatchy and others who've slipped into villages near the town of Aba, where the majority of self-immolations have occurred, and across Sichuan province.
Local ethnic Tibetans have said the self-immolations are a reaction to a repressive Chinese government that curbs their culture, language and religion. That, combined with desperation over the seeming impossibility of the Dalai Lama ever returning to Tibet, which he fled in 1959, has led to a deep sense of hopelessness, they say.
At the beginning of the month, a senior Chinese leader had made plain that the government will brook no dissent on the issue.
During another panel Wednesday, in which delegates to the People's Congress read reports and then took questions from journalists, the governor of the Tibet Autonomous Region was asked by a reporter about his reaction to online calls for the Dalai Lama himself to self-immolate.


Will post more when i find them (i just hope I won't have to ).
In this version my contacts widget is completely gone. Does anyone experience the same?
3. the flashlight on lockscreen (note i use a pattern lockscreen) - if i accidentally push the home key for too long, which can happen when the phone is in my pocket, the flashlight comes on, i can turn it off but then my phone becomes unresponsive and i have to turn off and on again. would it be possible to introduce a setting to allow us to disable the flashlight/torch on lock?
stock camera image quality seems pretty bad these days?