text:
Cuts Kill: the story of a sister driven to suicide
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We are publishing this letter exceptionally in conjunction with this week's protest against the poverty pimps to show an example of the impact of benefit cuts and assessments such as those of Atos could have on disabled people and their families – the added anxiety, stress and anguish . We have been given permission to publish this anonymously.
Dear Eleanor Lisney,
RE: Disabled people against cuts.
I am writing in support of your campaign against government cuts to disability.
After reading the article in the Guardian 9th May "Job centre staff get guide on handling suicide threats" I really felt I needed to get in touch and tell you about the experiences we have had with the Job Centre.
My family has a history of mental health problems, I have a sister who suffers from psychosis and bipolar and I have spent the last ten years trying to help her. Until recently no one in our family was aware that another sister had also developed this awful condition.
My younger sister's illness developed quickly and over the year she had gone from being a bright 32 year old professional to a withdrawn and paranoid, scared person. She had moved house during this time and had also lost her job. During this time we could not find out where she lived. When she did contact by email asking for help, we were shocked to find that she had no electricity in her flat, and had been surviving on Weetabix and water for 6 months because she had been refused benefits.
It was very obvious from her condition that she was very ill and hadn't eaten for many weeks. We later learnt that her self-imposed seclusion was because she had felt that everyone was conspiring to have a committed to a mental institute. We learnt that she had attended the job centre on a number of occasions asking for help and had also asked her doctor for a sick note but was refused. In her desperation she became frantic, the doctor then phoned the police and said she would commit her under the mental health act. She was held for a night in a prison cell because of an argument over a sick note. The doctor was fully aware that she was mentally ill but had refused to provide a sick note to her! But instead was using the law to section her under the mental health act, why? My sister is generally a very shy and sensitive person and because of this experience she became extremely paranoid, it was so severe she never went out after this.
During all this time, no one from the family was told about her condition and when we found her she was severely paranoid and very scared to open her door to us. She phoned the police to say that she didn't want us to visit her and the police sent us away with a caution. This was heart breaking for us since we could see she needed urgent help. Nothing can describe the feeling of being told that by law you are not allowed to help someone if they did not wish it. Even though, I am sure the police were fully aware of her record and could see that she was very vulnerable because her flat was mouldy and flooded and she had a burst pipe that she couldn't afford to fix and she was painfully thin.
I believe that the doctor in charge of her care was negligent because she did not provide her with a sick note, even though she thought her sick enough to be committed to a prison cell under the mental health act. If the doctor had looked into the family medical records they would have seen that we have a history of mental illness in the family. Additionally, the doctor did not contact anyone in her family or help her with her condition by providing her with a sick note. Her illness was being exasperated by the fact that she had no food and electricity at home and that she was being dealt with very insensitively by the job centre. It is very sad that up until her death, my sister felt hounded and traumatized by the fact that she was imprisoned. She was afraid that it would happen again, so she hid her illness very well from others and very rarely ventured outside her home. She only attended the job centre when she was over her mania, which was cyclical and without a sick note no-one at the job centre would believe she was ill enough not to work.
With a little more time we managed to get her to see another doctor, she was prescribed anti psychotic drugs but she still had no income and was going to lose her home. My sister is very independent and strong willed. She was up until her illness a very successful programmer and had always earned her own way through life. The loss of her job brought on by her illness was not something she would admit too easily, and the shock of being imprisoned was something she never got over.
In September 2010 we received a phone call from the foreign office in Portugal telling us that our little sister had committed suicide. She had boarded a flight the day before for Oporto with the intention of ending her life. She tried to take an overdose and then jumped from the hotel balcony. She was alone when she died and no one from the family had been able to reach her.
I have always thought that the UK system of welfare was a lifeline that the neediest were able to access easily. But with our experience we found that the cold and bureaucratic way that people are now being dealt with is really too cruel especially for those suffering from mental breakdown. Knowing whether someone has a mental condition cannot be easily judged from a job centre application form or within a few days of a claim. The immediate stance taken by the job centre is that anyone applying for welfare through sickness is obviously lying. Mental illness takes months to diagnose, this is not taken into account by the job centre.
After her funeral, we were left to tidy her affairs and give her belongings to charity (as per her wishes written in a suicide note). It was very heart breaking that the very same day of learning of her death; she had a letter arrive claiming that her appeal for benefits had been accepted. It is sad no see how far the UK government want to push people in order to cut costs. The compassion has left the welfare system and we are left with a very harsh 'conservative' system.
Thank you for highlighting the case of many people who are going to be side lined because of the new government measures.
I would hate for anyone else to have to go through what we have been put through over the last few months.
Posted by admin3 at 01:22	Tagged with: Atos, Job Centre Plus
27 Responses to "Cuts Kill: the story of a sister driven to suicide"
Can anyone tell me the name of this sister?
I am creating an animated tribute to commemorate those we have lost to the cruelty of the benefits system, including those who were harassed to the point of suicide or those who were declared fit for work despite being very ill.
I don't mean to cause upset, I just want everyone remember by name not by number,
-Robyn.
Rabc says:
My heart goes out to your whole family dealing with this tragic event and I pray that your sister is never forgotten by the people in this country as we must all remember what this callous system is doing to the weakest in our communities the DWP is now like Hitlers SS with their ATOS henchmen.And as for that Doctor I feel he should be struck off as he has no compassion for the sick what has happened to our Country when the SICK DISABLED are hounded by their own Governments where is their HUMANITY May your sister now R.I.P. away from this cruel uncaring system may god take care of her.
Orlando Appraiser says:
Does your blog have a contact page? I'm having problems locating it but, I'd like to shoot you an e-mail.
I've got some creative ideas for your blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great blog and I look forward to seeing it develop over time.
I'm so deeply sorry about your sister, I weep for her and you.
The personal IS the political
rose wynes devlin says:
Hi, just read this and feel so sorry for people in such despair that only option is to end their life. I do not know how the statistics can be made more personal as I am not sure where to get this info and if families want this info made public. This Gov see poorer people as a number, a burden and are heartless to their plight. We need to expose their hypocricy as they claim to care. Can we do personalized list for 2011.
Aletheia says:
This is a terrible tragedy which should never have happened in a civilised society. Society depends on people helping each other and the system which was put in place to prevent such tragedies is being seriously undermined by the government who are putting corporate greed before services. They would rather spend money on inflating the profits of private companies, e.g., Atos, whilst causing hardship and suffering to people whose circumstances are beyond their own control. The DWP has become extremely ruthless.
Anyone who facilitates suffering to others is truly evil. These people who do (or support) the governments dirty work, and in doing so demonstrate a complete lack of empathy, are clearly not humane.
At least the poor young woman will not suffer anymore. R.I.P. She really has gone to a far better place.
Jonny Boy says:
Cry me a river.
ToJonnyboy says:
Heartless cold people like you are ruining this country. Unfortunately, it is people like you that do well in this system and make the rules.
I used to think so too, not easily but not as horrifically…was thinking of how my first medical in 2009 was completely different to the one in June last year. The first medical on ESA was actually fair and not an assessor being ignorant and facing the computer, he was human, spoke to me as a human and had a form to fill in which I was given a copy of (I think sent automatically afterwards cant remember now), no lies, no ignoring pain and trembling, no false statements…I was shocked when it was so obviously just abuse in June 10, didn't take long to get a whole lot worse…I won my tribunal 7 weeks ago. I am waiting to be reinstated (which along side tribunals is getting to take longer as time goes on and more people win costly tribunals) and then the process starts again and I suspect I will be another 9-12 months waiting for the tribunal to prove I need the help I will have taken away again…by then it may take as long to be reinstated, unless enough of us have died or committed suicide under all the stress…
Normal Brit – what? Seriously….what?
The reason the doctor did not give a sick note is because last year GPs were told to cut down on sick notes (the "fit note") in order to cut costs of people signed off for work. In short it is a cost-cutting measure to apparently keep people working.
The changes are NOT still "just being debated"; changes are happening now long before it has even gone to Parliament. My council has already cut care plans, and accepts no new care plans unless your situation is "critical" i.e., you'd die if you weren't put into care immediately. People with night care are being given incontinence pads (even if they're not incontinent) as their evening care is being cut. My son's transportation to school was to be cut and it was only with the intervention of my MP and the school itself that he escaped the cuts.
The family wrote the letter and asked it to be published – I doubt that's "exploitation"; it's just trying to make oneself be heard.
elisney says:
Just a quick note of clarification, the sister wrote a letter to Eleanor and DPAC asked for permission for the letter to be published anonymously, which was kindly granted. The family did not asked for the letter to be published.
The cuts are not about to happen, they're not being debated, they're not at all merely conditional on what happens…
They are actually HAPPENING. Right now, day by day, bit by bit.
The charity that helped me get benefits has been so hardly hit by the cuts in Scotland, they now no longer offer help to anyone in claiming benefits. That service one of many completely obliterated off the map.
The private services that have been holding the strain on the NHS at bay for years are having their funding cut, bit by bit by bit, and government-funded Social Care is also being hit hard by cuts – people who have been cared for by the government for years are having their care either cut back on or terminated.
The system right now is bad. The system right now is painful. The system right now denied me benefits for a *year* while they bickered over if I really needed it (despite the team of professionals telling them I did!) and I went further under the poverty line and my hard-working parents faced more and more debt trying to help me.
Do you honestly think cutting BILLIONS out of the system is going to help this one little bit? They've recently sent out guidelines around JobCentres detailing what to do if someone threatens to commit suicide – does that not tell EXACTLY how bad things are getting and how bad they are expected to get?
Disabled people are not just facing the loss of a couple of pounds a week. They are HAVING the services that keep them independent cut as the government squabble about how much or how little they will have to fund these services themselves.
Clicking your tongue at how a family are opening up their pain to us all to point out to us all why this is a bad idea is not helpful at all. What if she'd been able to access one of the services helping people every day claim benefits, services now being cut away? What if she'd been able to access an advocacy service that would have spoken up about her plight to the doctors? What if she'd been able to access a free, non-NHS counselling service that would have filled the gap between applying for therapy and actually getting it? What if she'd been able to get a Carer in once a day to make sure she'd eaten something proper and make sure her medication had been taken? THESE are the services already full to bursting that are ACTUALLY HAVING, here and now, the money they have to provide these services whittled away.
Why do you feel the need to turn pain to guilt? Who are you to say this story isn't important?
Anniecat says:
Apologies for the typos in my previous message. "It must have taken a lot for the family letter to write in." I meant, "It must have taken a lot for the family member to write in."
This is an appalling story – it must have taken a lot for the family letter to write in. There will be many more cases like this, I fear as we are starting to see.
Actually, Normal Brit, you are quite wrong if you believe it has nothing to do with cuts and that they haven't happened yet – they have.
NHS trusts across the country have announced stark cuts to front line staff and I know of many, many mental health services which have been closed due to the expense because of these cuts. We are already seeing stories like this and many of us have our own personal stories to tell from DLA, IB, ESA and mental health services.
Benefit refusals are happening now more than ever, disabled people have become demonised and there is simply very little help and support for the most vulnerable like this poor woman.
The job centre has a lot to answer for, but no one is putting the funding or the money in to train the staff in dealing with such situations – indeed, as the writer says, they assume anyone sick is lying and therefore have their JSA refused.
It's a disgusting and very frightening state of affairs and this is something that is going to get worse and worse and worse.
This is why organisations like DPAC are fighting, this is why disabled people are fighting, this is why people are up in arms.
Please don't accuse DPAC of exploiting this girl's death – they are not. It is so important people are made aware of these stories, because if we don't, people won't know what is going on, people NEED to know.
What would happen if we stopped talking about these stories in the open? What would happen if we stopped debating things that matter? I shudder to think.
@Normal Brit,
Sadly you are representative of many Brits who feel they are "normal" and know everything. You are totally wrong. Benefit changes have already started. ESA (instead of Incapacity Benefit) was introduced in 2008 for new claimants. The extension of the corrupt new medical test from ATOS was rolled out to existing claimants from the end of March 2011.
How dare you add to the distress of this family by claiming that you know better than they, when you clearly do not.
The debate in Parliament is about the Welfare Reform Bill which is about abolishing DLA – a completely different benefit. Please find out what you are talking about before you spout your ignorance, gleaned from the distorted media, at people who are really suffering under the changes to ESA. The regulations making this assessment for work test even harsher than it already was came into law on 28.3.11.
If such things are not down to the new system, then ask yourself why has the DWP just had to issue guidelines to Jobcentre and DWP phone staff on how to deal with suicidal claimants?
http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/may/08/jobcentre-staff-guidelines-suicide-threats
Are you such a committed Tory press reader that you think a family would exploit something like this for political reasons. Others have already died, either from suicide or from their illnessess after being found "fit for work".
You should use your time to challenge why the government is paying a corrupt company half a billion pounds to perform computerised assessments on sick and disabled people, ignoring medical evidence, and then expecting the taxpayer to pay the cost of Tribunals to put the decision right. The back log of appeals is already running at one year in many places, BEFORE the roll out of retesting existing claimants. If you want to complain about negligent doctors, then check out ATOS, they are employing thousands and paying a nice government bonus to everyone they refuse ESA.
Stories like this will become increasingly common until "normal brits" like you stop being brainwashed and wake up to what is really happening to the sick and disabled of this country.
Over 5000 disabled people took to the streets on Wednsday 11th May under the "Hardest Hit" Campaign and "marched" on Parliament. Do you think the biggest disabled protest in history was not because people are terrified?
It is better to keep your mouth shut and have people think you are a fool than open it and prove that you are.
Normal Brit says:
This is a very tragic story and my heart goes out to the family.
But I do not see what it has to do with government cuts. The system clearly failed this poor girl and she was badly let down. But a negligent doctor is not about cuts. And changes to the welfare and benefits system have not yet taken place – they are still being debated in parliament. Everything that happened to this poor girl happened under the existing system.
Please do not exploit this poor girl's death for political reasons.
After Atos says:
You smug Git, if you are a "Normal Brit" I'm ashamed to call myself British, didn't you read the letter, how the poor woman was treated by the job center and this is not uncommon with regard to mental illness, I myself once ended up homeless in a similar situation and under the new system it WILL get WORSE.
My condolences go out to the family and anger to those that allowed this, this letter has made me cry and I am not ashamed of that.
diversejustice says:
After Atos, don't take note of those types of comments. Some of them are probably employed to sit all day and contradict the truth of what's going on.
Fed up of being degraded by the gment cause I'm sick says:
I agree with you. This story made me cry. I can so relate to it. I have lupus fibromyalgia and CRPS. Plus asthma hypothyroid Psoriosis and depression. I can barely walk and am in constant pain. My 2 young children have to care for me. I try to be as independent as possible but sometimes I just cannot. ATOS came out to me and the Dr told blatant lies. He said my children are not carers – because one was on the pc because my mum was here to help me so he was having timeout plus the fact my kids are actually registered carers. He said I walked unaided yet I walked with a crutch and nearly fell as was in lots of pain. And my youngest helped. He said because I scratched my head I had no problems in my upper part of my body and the best bit is because I was intelligent then I couldn't possibly be ill. I wrote saying I didn't know I wassitting a GCSE and does it mean I have to be thick to be sick? Oh he also said I was very polite and said nxt to this no depression. Ohthe lupus has causes White spots on my brain causing me to forget where I am or who i am and he said because I'm polite and intelligent there is no injury yet I've got MRI scans showing it!!! So it is happening now and it's getting worse.my heart goes out to the family.
siuan says:
Actually, the changes were taking place while the government were discussing them.
Debbie Jolly: The Billion Pound Welfare Reform Fraud: fit for work? A Public Meeting: ATOS and DWP – Can you be there? Wednesday 18th


Is it possible to reveal the staggeringly complex work of thousands of employees in a 24-page bimonthly magazine? It is for this internal pub.
This hospital, with Texas-size panache, has defi ned its mission as "the elimination of cancer," and the boldness of this aim challenges the editor of its employee magazine to come up with a publication whose inclusiveness and ambition matches that of its institution.
Putting out a slim magazine that sums all these activities up and tries to make sense of them smacks of hubris. It is a job of daunting complexity, given the esoteric nature of cancer research, its bewildering subtlety, its reliance on multiple scientifi c disciplines and sub-disciplines.
When you throw into the mix the astonishing proliferation of new disciplines in genetics, gene therapy, cell biology, and many other areas, one wonders if Bryce isn't tempted at times to chuck it all and produce the standard hospital publication. You know, the one that ignores the research side of the hospital, slides over touchy operational issues as best it can, and runs two milquetoast "satisfi ed patient" stories per issue next to the classified ads and nurse-training announcements.
Bryce has wisely decided that the best thing she can do is to tell employees how other employees at M. D. Anderson do their jobs, and what it is they do.


text:
package org.hibernate.cache.memcached.strategy;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.hibernate.cache.CacheException;
import org.hibernate.cache.memcached.regions.MemcachedCollectionRegion;
import org.hibernate.cache.spi.CollectionRegion;
import org.hibernate.cache.spi.access.CollectionRegionAccessStrategy;
import org.hibernate.cache.spi.access.SoftLock;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Settings;

/**
 * ReadOnlyMemcachedCollectionRegionAccessStrategy
 *
 * @author sunghyouk.bae@gmail.com
 * @since 13. 4. 5. 오후 11:12
 */
@Slf4j
public class ReadOnlyMemcachedCollectionRegionAccessStrategy
        extends AbstractMemcachedAccessStrategy<MemcachedCollectionRegion>
        implements CollectionRegionAccessStrategy {

    public ReadOnlyMemcachedCollectionRegionAccessStrategy(MemcachedCollectionRegion region, Settings settings) {
        super(region, settings);
    }

    @Override
    public CollectionRegion getRegion() {
        return region();
    }

    @Override
    public Object get(Object key, long txTimestamp) throws CacheException {
        return region().get(key);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean putFromLoad(Object key,
                               Object value,
                               long txTimestamp,
                               Object version,
                               boolean minimalPutOverride) throws CacheException {
        if (minimalPutOverride && region().contains(key))
            return false;

        region().put(key, value);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public SoftLock lockItem(Object key, Object version) throws CacheException {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void unlockItem(Object key, SoftLock lock) throws CacheException { }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Adding operations in the middle of a complex sequence diagram in Visio 2003 I am using Microsoft Visio 2003 to define static classes with operations/methods and a sequence diagrams referring to these classes. The sequence diagram is almost done, but I realized that I missed one operation in the middle of the diagram. When I try to move the rest of the sequences down by selecting them as a block, all the operations in the block lose their links with the static diagrams. (Methods which referred to static classes that appeared as fun() in sequence diagram, after movement appear as fun in sequence diagram, which means that now they no longer refer to static diagrams and any future changes would not be reflected in dynamic sequence diagrams automatically.)
The sequence diagrams have grown to A3 size paper and I have many such diagrams which need correction. Manually moving the operations one by one would involve lots of effort. Could someone kindly suggest a way to overcome this problem?

A: I have spent time trying to figure this out, and have concluded that there is no solution for this. We need to manually move each operations in sequence down to make way for inserting even one new operation in Visio. Not sure if other enterprise suite products like Rational Rose and EA has any solution.

A: Use https://sequencediagram.org/
It provides much more capabilities than any other sequence diagraming tool
I like it a lot

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The Stemmed Wine Glasses from Libber offer classic sophistication, ideal for dinner parties and large gatherings. Crafted from a dishwasher safe glass, this set of twelve boasts modern functionality to coordinate with a variety of motifs.
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Perfect for everyday dinners and get-togethers, the Dailyware All-Purpose 18.5 oz. Wine Glasses make a beautiful choice for any occasion. These tulip-shaped wine glasses are designed with a fine rim and pulled stem for a classic simple-yet-elegant look.


The pozzolana activity is the main property of the active additions but, in order to select them, we have to consider - between other factors- its mineralogical composition with a great influence, not only in the active component, but also in other cement properties.
In the present work we have studied 4 different Cuban natural pozzolanes, characterized with the help of X ray diffraction and with thermic and chemical analysis. The pozzolanic activity was also evaluated through a chemical and physicomechanic method. Some cements were prepared with different contents of each one of the pozzolanics, and analysed their physicomechanic and chemical properties.
Finally, we found that the pozzolanics mineralogical composition has a great influence in the pozzolanic activity and in the properties of mixed cements. Also we found that it 5 possible to obtain the best resistances in the time and the smaller needs of water when the vitreous phase prevail in the additions.


text:
팟캐스트와 같은 Monday Morning Podcast
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


No, that's not very good, Stunner, either in sentiment or orthography.
Again, an informal "cheers" and "chat with you soon"
Capital R in Kind regards is wrong. I cannot let you get away with that .What you do personally is fine but do not tell others to do what is incorrect.
is the common and traditional closure of letters from Members of Congress and Senators to important people, such as Secretaries of Cabinet-level agencies or Departments, and to constituents.
Regardless of the discussion thread here, it is regularly used by the most senior elected officials in the US.
Sounds like Joe Blow wants to pretend he is my close and dear friend.
I agree. You should not claim to be kind, however big you are. It should be felt by the reader after reaching the end of your mail/letter! I guess the usage was started by some megalomaniac big boss, and was picked up and spread by his servile subordinates - because the boss is always right!
When I reply to letters or emails I pay careful attention to how the sender signs off their message. I will then reflect this where appropriate.
However, using two capital letters as in 'Kind Regards' seems to me to be nonsensical. 'Regards' is not a proper noun, it is not at the beginning of a sentence or phrase, and is not a mountain, river, country, or other unique object or place.
Keep it simple and have one capital letter as in 'Kind regards'. Life is complicated enough as it is!
I was recently told by a family member that the ending of an email with, 'Kindest regards', was incorrect as it can be mildly ironic, sarcastic, or even downright aggressive.
1: I thank you for your well intentioned comments. Kindest regards.
2: Try what you will, you will not suceed. Kindest regards.
3. Piss off! Kindest regards.
just how is 'kindest regards', meant to extract a correction in this way. Perhaps I am wrong, but then I don't really come from a family that is touchy feely hugs and stuff, so I thought that 'Kindest regards', was the way to go.
Please could some one let me know if I was being offensive, or should I just bite the bullet and forever change the way I word my emails..or even perhaps stop using them as a means of communication with this individual...lol!
'Kindest regards' at the end of an email that is not friendly certainly seems inappropriate.
But, broadly speaking, I feel 'Kindest regards' is not a good idea with any email.
To me, it is too effusive, almost too emotional. It sounds to me like you want to be my really good friend, but my really good friends never say that. In fact, I get almost no emails that do say that.
A lot depends on the culture in which one lives. Some cultures value very extreme politeness, while others (mine, in Canada) are more reserved. Much also depends on the type of email (eg business, personal), on the relationship between the people, and even on the genders involved.


Herbert Strather: What should the UAW do to reinvent itself into relevancy?
What should the UAW do to reinvent itself into relevancy?
Herbert Strather, CEO of Strather Academy and Strather Associates, is a real estate developer whose projects include Woodbridge Estates and the Hotel St. Regis.
As most people know, I write about how to leverage real estate in Detroit. Although the UAW is not dirt or bricks and mortar, it is big-time real estate in the "D" and it is in trouble. After losing the Tennessee battle, thanks partially to the GOP, it has to ask itself: "How do we make ourselves more relevant and grow?"
1. Education: Devote more resources to educating members about services and skills needed by employers. Joint venture with colleges and universities and offer tuition rebates. Create programs exclusively for union members paid for by the UAW. This will create the best possible skilled labor force.
2. Member competition: Create competition amongst union members to be the employee of the quarter (or month) at the places where they work. There can be an annual award dinner with a substantial financial reward for the top employees. Criteria can be set by the UAW and the company, i.e. quality control, production, best ideas, timeliness, etc.
3. Create wealth for employees: Form a public corporation and put all bonuses into it. The stock prices will increase dramatically as the bonuses increase. By way of example, let's say the UAW created GME LLC for General Motors employees, issued all of them stock in GME, the company had a good year and paid out $8,000 per employee in bonuses. Instead of the employees getting bonuses, their stock would dramatically increase. If a stock had an $8,000 dividend, the stock should be worth somewhere between $80,000 and $200,000.
4. Personal development opportunities: Create personal development opportunities for the employees such as real estate training (of course), advance technological learning, how to buy stocks and so forth.
5. Use members as a force in the community: Encourage and support civic engagement by UAW members. Offer awards for the best project, i.e. UAW Community Optimist Clubs, Habitat for Humanity and UAW Boys and Girls Club. In other words, use your members as a force in the community.


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Why Are So Many of Us Afraid of Our Thoughts?
Research suggests daydreaming can bring multiple benefits to the human mind and body. And yet, many humans resist it.
By Sara NovakSep 24, 2021 5:00 AM
(Credit: FotoDuets/Shutterstock)
You're lying back on the emerald lawn, staring up at the night sky with only your thoughts and a few trillion miles between you and the stars. It's a gorgeous evening and you feel lucky to be alive. Then after a few minutes, you drift from excited daydreaming to more concerning thoughts and a mounting to-do list. An innocent daydream shifts into negativity. The lawn beneath you needs to be mowed, your kids shouldn't be up this late and you shouldn't have eaten that second helping of spaghetti at dinner.
Thinking is a funny thing because research has shown that we're the only species that can do it aimlessly. While other species are capable of solving complex problems and sophisticated analysis, humans are also uniquely wired for daydreaming and withdrawing into our thoughts. We also seem to value it as a civilization, seen in famous statues like Rodin's The Thinker. But most of us don't do it enough. In one survey, just 17 percent of Americans said they had spent any time in the last day daydreaming or thinking for fun. In fact, many of us find it rather boring and even painful.
Thought Resistance
"Our research found that people didn't tend to enjoy their thoughts," says Timothy Wilson, a social psychologist at the University of Virginia and lead study author. "We're usually not willing to put in the effort because we have the allure of so many other things to take our attention."
In a review of 11 studies published in Science, participants had their cell phones and other devices taken away for a brief period of time, between six and 15 minutes. They were asked to "free think" for that short duration. In some cases, they were given the choice of doing an activity like reading a book, surfing the internet or listening to music. Others were given the choice of administering an electric shock instead of free-thinking. The majority of people would rather do something else than free-think and many would rather hurt themselves. One study even found that 67 percent of men and 25 percent of women would rather give themselves mild electric shocks than be alone with their thoughts for even a few minutes.
It seemed that most people didn't enjoy the idea of free-thinking because according to the study, participants simultaneously had to think without planning the subject of their thoughts and in most cases they didn't enjoy it. According to James Giordano, a neurologist at Georgetown University, this lack of "cognitive intentionality" provides too much freedom and can create discomfort for some.
"It makes people feel like they're not in control," says Giordano.
Most of us would prefer to be allowed to plan what we're going to think about beforehand. We feel uncomfortable because of the minds' egoistic needs, says Giordano. It wants to run the show and when it can't, it's painful for some. Even when we're supposed to avoid thinking, for example in meditation, we're thinking about not thinking. We always want to direct our minds somewhere and when we can't, we don't like it.
Most Likely to Avoid Thinking
Certain personality types, says Giordano, also seem to find being alone with their thoughts harder than others. He says that individuals who are extremely extroverted thrive on social contact, and alone time is not something they enjoy. Those with underlying anxiety tend to ruminate on the more negative aspects of life and low self-esteem lends itself to self-degrading thoughts. But this isn't true of everyone and we have to be careful not to paint with a broad brush stroke, says Giordano. Many of us are comfortable with our thoughts and that's a good thing, he says, because free-thinking presents moments of reflection, solitude and deep contemplation.
But even those who aren't easily amenable to daydreaming can find it pleasurable if they're willing to put in the work. Wilson says that his most recent research has shown that you can learn to enjoy your thoughts, but it takes effort and motivation. People have to be willing to focus on thoughts that they find meaningful and less trivial and they have to spend time doing it. While meditation can help train the brain to be better at thinking for pleasure, meditation isn't the same thing as daydreaming. Meditation is about letting thoughts go, while this exercise is about relishing in your thoughts.
Wilson first started his research after going to a meditation session with his wife where the meditation leader kept reminding him to let go of his thoughts "like leaves flowing down a river." While Wilson sees the benefit of meditation, he didn't want to let go of thinking. "I like my thoughts," he says.
Wilson's research has shown that thinking can be relaxing and even beneficial. Individuals who are more comfortable thinking very often can hone their thinking skills in a way that boosts creativity, self-reflection and the ability to enjoy the present moment.
He contends that thoughts can be fun, imaginative and even an adventure. "I don't plan on ever thru-hiking the Appalachian Trail, but at night after I close my eyes, I hike it in my mind," says Wilson. But he never gets too far before he nods off to sleep.
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GAO Finds FDA Skimps on Foreign Drug Plant Inspections
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By John Gever , Senior Editor, MedPage Today
Action Points
WASHINGTON, Oct. 22 -- Foreign drug manufacturing facilities exporting to the U.S. are only a fifth as likely to be inspected by the FDA as are domestic plants, according to a critique by the Government Accountability Office requested by Congress.
The GAO report also found fault with the FDA's record-keeping on deficiencies identified in foreign inspections and with its policies on re-inspections of problem facilities.
"GAO recommends that FDA improve the data that it uses to manage its foreign inspection program, conduct more inspections of foreign establishments, and ensure more timely inspection of foreign establishments where FDA has identified serious deficiencies," the report said.
The report was requested by a bipartisan group of senators and House members including Rep. John Dingell (D-Mich.) and Sen. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa).
The GAO estimated that, each year, the FDA inspects about 8% of foreign manufacturing plants that export to the United States.
"At this rate, it would take the agency more than 13 years to inspect these establishments once. In contrast, FDA estimates that it inspects domestic establishments about once every 2.7 years," according to the report.
It also said the FDA sent 15 warning letters to foreign manufacturers from 2002 to 2007.
The FDA generally relied on information provided by the foreign establishments in evaluating the corrective measures they took, according to the GAO.
"FDA's subsequent inspections to determine establishments' continued compliance were not always timely," the report added.
Four of the 15 facilities receiving the warning letters were re-inspected from two to five years later. Most of these re-inspections were prompted by new drug applications naming those facilities.
The report did not cite any cases of defective foreign products causing adverse health impacts in the U.S. as a result of inadequate inspections.
Health and Human Services, which oversees the FDA, agreed that it should conduct more foreign inspections.
"FDA recognizes the need for additional risk-based targeted inspections of foreign firms," according to a letter from Vincent Ventimiglia, Jr., assistant HHS secretary for legislation, included in the GAO report.
But HHS rejected the suggestion that it should inspect foreign facilities on the same schedule as domestic plants, citing "differences in regulatory methodology and resources."
The letter also said the FDA has other methods in addition to inspections for conducting oversight of imported drugs.
John Gever
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Irene Bösch (* 5. April 1940 in Chemnitz) ist eine deutsche Malerin und Grafikerin.

Leben und Werk
Irene Bösch absolvierte in Karl-Marx-Stadt eine Lehre als Dekorationsmalerin und arbeitete 1959 bis 1960 als Dekorations- und Plakatmalerin im VEB Großdrehmaschinenbau Karl-Marx-Stadt. Daneben besuchte sie in Karl-Marx-Stadt, u. a. bei Willy Wittig, Mal-Kurse an der Volkshochschule.

Von 1960 bis 1961 studierte sie an der Arbeiter-und-Bauern-Fakultät der Hochschule für Bildende Künste Dresden (HfBK), woran sich bis 1966 an der HfBK ein Studium bei Paul Michaelis anschloss. Irene Bösch ist seit 1966 freischaffend in Karl-Marx-Stadt bzw. Chemnitz tätig. Sie ist vor allem Aquarellistin. 1981 beteiligte sie sich an den Waldenburger Werkstatttagen. Sie war bis 1990 Mitglied des Verbands Bildender Künstler der DDR.

Rezeption
Irene Bösch konzentriert ihre Malweise "auf das Ausschöpfen eng beieinander liegender Töne … um die Verletzlichkeit des Lebens empfindbar zu machen." Wolfgang Hütt

Werke (Auswahl)
 Trauernde (Aquarell, 1976; ausgestellt auf der VIII. Kunstausstellung der DDR)
 Gegenüber (Aquarell, 77 × 105 cm, 1985; Kunstsammlungen Chemnitz)
 Frau mit Tuch (Aquarell, 60 × 47,5 cm, 1986; ausgestellt auf der X. Kunstausstellung der DDR)

Ausstellungen (unvollständig)

Einzelausstellungen
 1976: Karl-Marx-Stadt, Galerie Kunst der Zeit
 1976: Ahrenshoop, Bunte Stube (mit Torsten Schade)
 1977: Karl-Marx-Stadt, Galerie Oben ("art femina"; mit Elisabeth Ahnert, Gerti Hartmann, Erika Klier, Hanna Klose-Greger, Dagmar-Ranft-Schinke, Elisabeth Schettler und Martha Schrag)
 1983: Erfurt, Galerie erph
 1986: Frankfurt/Oder, Kabinett der Galerie Junge Kunst
 1986: Annaberg-Buchholz, Galerie am Markt
 1996: Chemnitz, Neue Sächsische Galerie

Ausstellungsbeteiligungen
 1974: Weimar, Galerie im Schloss ("Kunst für uns")
 1974: Dresden, Kupferstichkabinett ("Zeichnungen in der Kunst der DDR")
 1974/1975: Frankfurt/Oder, Galerie Junge Kunst ("Junge Künstler '74. 1. Ausstellung junger bildender Künstler der DDR")
 1974, 1979 und 1985: Karl-Marx-Stadt, Bezirkskunstausstellungen
 1976: Berlin, Altes Museum ("Neuerdings Karl-Marx-Stadt")
 1977/1978 und 1987/1988: Dresden, VIII. und X. Kunstausstellung der DDR
 1984/1985 Karl-Marx-Stadt, Städtisches Museum am Theaterplatz ("Retrospektive 1945 – 1984. Bildende Kunst im Bezirk Karl-Marx-Stadt")

Literatur

Weblinks
 Irene Bösch bei Bildatlas Kunst in der DDR
 Werke von Irene Bösch bei Kunstkeller Jörg Seifert
 Ausstellung kunstofferte bei Galerie Weise (PDF; 1,6 MB)
 Irene Bösch bei Schmidt Kunstauktionen Dresden
 Werke von Irene Bösch bei Kunsthandel Wytyk

Einzelnachweise

Grafiker (DDR)
Grafiker (Deutschland)
Maler (Deutschland)
Maler (DDR)
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren 1940
Frau

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Quecreek is an unincorporated community and coal town in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was also known as Harrison. Quemahoning Creek Coal Company operated two mines in Quecreek in 1918. The post office closed in 2005. The 2002 Quecreek Mine rescue occurred nearby.

References

Unincorporated communities in Somerset County, Pennsylvania
Coal towns in Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania


text:
THE SUNDAY TIMES 'ARMAJARO' DOCS (2)
CURRENT GONJA FLOODS ARE 'BEYOND' GHANA'S ABILITY TO MANAGE
two witnesses thrown off plane for protesting against restraining of deportee
Witnesses 'thrown off plane' during deportation flight
Two students who tried to voice concern about 'violent' deportation say they were questioned by armed police.
Matthew Taylor and Paul Lewis
guardian.co.uk,	Sunday 31 October 2010 15.23 GMT
Two passengers who attempted to voice their concern as a man was "violently" deported aboard a flight from Heathrow say they were thrown off the aircraft and quizzed by armed police.
The pair, both students, claim the man screamed as he was restrained by three guards from private security firm G4S, who were pinning him in his seat.
"He was handcuffed, clearly in pain and being violently restrained," said Matt Taylor, 29, an undergraduate at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London.
There has been concern about the treatment of deportees since the death earlier this month of Jimmy Mubenga, an Angolan failed asylum seeker who collapsed as he was being heavily restrained by G4S guards on a British Airways plane at Heathrow. After his death, fellow passengers who heard his cries for help said they regretted not having intervened.
Taylor was heading for a research trip in Africa with his friend Andrew Bowman, a PhD student, on 5 January. When they boarded the Virgin Atlantic plane, a man in a nearby seat, who was handcuffed to the seats and had security guards at either side and one leaning over the seats in front, was screaming.
"The passengers around me looked at each other in disbelief as they were confronted by the scene of this restrained man calling out for help," said Taylor. "Clearly the man was in considerable distress and pain."
He said the man screamed for several minutes as more passengers boarded the plane. "He was asking for his medication, with a minder telling him, 'You'll get your medication in Nairobi.' The man called out 'Help, help' repeatedly and shouted that he would kill himself in Kenya [if the deportation went ahead]."
Taylor said one of the G4S guards then leant over and pinned the man in his seat as other passengers became increasingly upset. Taylor went to approach the flight attendants but a guard told him to go back to his seat.
"I was immediately pushed in my back by one of the men that had been violently restraining the African man; he told me to sit down, keep quiet and that the African man was being deported, that these men were his escort or minders."
As the deportee continued to scream, Taylor decided he had to do something. "I was sitting there and decided I had to stand up for my values. I did not want to sit there for the next eight or nine hours feeling like I had sold out, like I had let this man down."
The pair demanded to see the captain but the request was initially refused. After the plane began to taxi the captain appeared and Taylor raised his concerns, but says they were dismissed.
"I was told by the cabin crew I could sit at the front of the plane so that I would not hear the man screaming. Which misses the point really."
The pair continued to voice their concerns before the captain ordered the plane to return to the terminal, where armed police were waiting for Taylor and Bowman.
"They were crowding around the exit and gave me the 'option' of leaving the plane – which I did. I had every privacy of mine invaded by the police, who analysed my passport, inquiring why I had visited countries such as Sri Lanka and UAE."
Taylor said he was questioned under anti-terrorism powers for several hours before the pair were escorted to the underground station at Heathrow, where "it was suggested" he get on a train to London.
Taylor said: "Witnessing the extreme distress of that man being violently restrained against his will and being detained myself was extremely distressing. Perhaps this shows what happens when passengers do voice concern over the treatment of a deportee, but I would do it again because what we went through is nothing compared to the trauma that poor man had to endure."
A spokeswoman for Virgin Atlantic said: "The safety and security of our passengers and crew is of paramount importance."
She added: "The Home Office makes the flight and security arrangements for all deportee passengers. It is not for the airline to refuse to carry a deportee passenger on the grounds of their immigration case as the airline has no knowledge of individual cases."
A spokesman for the UK Border Agency said it had not received any allegations of assault or criminal activity regarding the incident. He added: "The professional standards unit investigates all serious misconduct complaints from external sources and serious incidents concerning UK Border Agency staff or contractors. Where there is an allegation of assault or criminal activity the complaints are always referred to the relevant authorities, in this case the police."
G4S said its guards escorted the man but said they had received "no complaints or allegations regarding these individuals", adding that all complaints were taken seriously.
Senior officials from G4S will be questioned by MPs on Tuesday when they appear before the home affairs select committee on Tuesday. The company said last week it was extremely disappointed to have lost a multimillion-pound contract to forcibly remove foreign nationals on behalf of the Home Office. The contract, which was up for renewal, has been given to a rival security firm, Reliance.
armed police, deportee, nairobi, virgin
Permanent link to this article: http://cameronduodu.com/uncategorized/two-witnesses-thrown-off-plane-for-protesting-against-restraint-of-deportee


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Home » Similac Infant Formula Recalled, May Contain Beetle Parts
Similac Infant Formula Recalled, May Contain Beetle Parts
Abbott of Abbot Park, Illinois, just issued a recall for certain <"https://www.yourlawyer.com/practice_areas/food_poisoning">Similac® Brand Powder Infant Formulas in the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, and some countries in the Caribbean, that did not meet its quality standards, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) just announced.
Abbott is recalling these products following an internal quality review, which detected the remote possibility of the presence of a small common beetle in the product produced in one production area in a single manufacturing facility.
The FDA determined that while the formula containing these beetles poses no immediate health risk, there is a possibility that infants who consume formula containing the beetles or their larvae, could experience symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and refusal to eat as a result of small insect parts irritating the GI tract. If these symptoms persist for more than a few days, a physician should be consulted.
The recall of these powder infant formulas includes:
• Certain Similac powder product lines offered in plastic containers.
• Certain Similac powder product lines offered in sizes such as 8-ounce, 12.4-ounce and 12.9-ounce cans.
To immediately find out if the product in your possession is included in this recall, parents and caregivers should visit www.similac.com/recall, and type in their lot number to determine if their product is affected, or call (800) 986-8850.
Parents and caregivers can visit www.similac.com/recall or call Abbott's consumer hotline, (800) 986-8850, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
No Abbott liquid infant formulas are impacted. Products not involved in the recall include all Abbott Nutrition liquid ready-to-feed and concentrated infant formulas and all powder and liquid specialty formulas, such as Similac Expert Care™ Alimentum®, Elecare®, Similac Expert Care™ Neosure®, Similac® Human Milk Fortifier, and metabolic formulas for inherited disorders.
Abbot, which said it consulted with the FDA regarding this recall, is implementing a plan to address this matter in the affected manufacturing facility, which is expected to be completed shortly. No other facilities or products are involved in this recall.
Products with affected lot numbers should be returned to Abbott at no cost to the consumer. Both the website and the consumer hotline have specific details on how to complete the return process.
"Abbott understands that parents expect to feed their children only the highest quality product. We are taking this action so that parents know that the infant formula products they provide unquestionably meet the highest quality standards for which they are known. We regret any inconvenience this situation poses to parents and consumers," said Holger Liepmann, executive vice president of Abbott Nutrition, wrote the FDA.


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Failing Liberals Turn To Oppression To Hold On To Power
Posted: Feb 17, 2014 12:01 AM
If you're a conservative, you don't need to silence the opposition.
In fact, we conservatives want liberals to talk, to make buffoons of themselves, to prove their folly. We want liberals to expound upon their ridiculous ideas, to show the world exactly what they're about. Nancy Pelosi? Give that tiresome woman a microphone. Chatty liberals are the best advertisement for conservatism.
But liberals just can't have conservatives speaking. We'll tell the truth, and that's why liberals need to shut us up.
Their traditional intimidation tactics are wearing out. Calling someone a "racist" used to be a devastating moral indictment. Liberals' promiscuous employment of the word first turned it into a cliché and then into an ironic punchline.
I know, saying that out loud is racist. And sexist. And cisgender heteronormative, whatever the hell that means.
So now liberals have stepped up to formal governmental repression. Take the IRS scandal – or ex-scandal, in the eyes of the mainstream media. The Obama administration, at the urging of red state Democrat senators who are about to lose their seats because of their track records of failure, are doing everything they can to turn the taxman loose on the organizations that are pointing out their track records of failure.
Sure, the liberals come up with excuses, with justifications, with rationales for this prima facie oppression. But understand that the left was never against political repression. The left is only against being repressed itself.
It's open season on everyone else. Don't dare bow down to god whose name isn't spelled "G – O – V – E – R – N – M – E – N – T." Today's heretic hunters work for Kathleen Sebelius, ready to burn you at the stake for expecting grown men and women to come up with the dough for their own contraceptives. No one expects the HHS Inquisition!
The Federal Communications Commission just floated a trial balloon about going out to radio and television stations to evaluate reporters on how they cover the news. There was a time when journalists' response to a government inquiry into how they did their job would be "Go to hell, you goose-stepping bureaucratic flunky."
Not anymore. Now, their response is slavish submission to their progressive governmental dominatrix. When supposedly independent, iconoclastic liberal journalists let themselves to be dominated by the feds, their safeword is "Hillary."
Liberalism has to muzzle the truth because it operates on lies. It is built on lies, fueled by lies, and creates an empire of lies.
Look at the Obamacare scam. Liberals don't even blink at the fact that its foundational premise that if you liked your health care, you could keep it, was a lie. They're not even offended by the lie. They're offended that we point out that it was a lie.
Now the same people who got us into this mess are telling us we should go along and trust them to fix the same damn problem that they created in the first place. Liberals are the Lucys of American politics, holding the football and promising that this time it'll be different. We need to stop being the Charlie Browns.
In the Senate, liberals toss traditions like the filibuster out the window for political expediency. The president creates his own laws or changes ones that are already in place on a whim. There are no norms, there are no standards. Everything is a short-term political gambit, and little things like the Constitution are just obstacles to progress.
How does all this end well? It doesn't. It can't. That is, unless the American people come to their senses and demand that the Constitution, as it is written, be respected. That change come through the political process, through persuasion rather than diktat.
But if that doesn't happen, what then? What becomes of our system? How do we act when we take power again? Should we also ignore those same principles that we seek to reaffirm in order to reaffirm them?
Does the next Republican president simply announce that he's repealing Obamacare by executive order? Does he simply refuse to implement other laws we dislike? Does he refuse to collect foolish taxes? Does he use his prosecutorial discretion to decide to refuse to prosecute his allies? Is that what we want?
No, it is not what we want, but it may be what we get. We are not ones for unilateral disarmament. Our constitutional system is not a suicide pact, as many have observed. The liberals aren't going to like it when we apply the same ruthlessness to them.
If the rules of the game are now that there are no rules, then the only political currency is raw power. But we know what happens when there are no rules, where pure power is the sole measure of right and wrong. I served in countries like that. They are full of mass graves
The American system's strength is not that everyone always wins. It is that the system cultivates our ability to lose gracefully, to understand that you were heard, that you had your say, that there was a process, and that you lost fair and square. It sustains itself by reinforcing its own legitimacy.
But if your losses aren't fair, if you haven't been heard, if the rules have been bent or broken or ignored, that crucial legitimacy is gone. And then there are no rules to respect.
What keeps this grand experiment in freedom going is that we honored, at least until now, our Constitution's boundaries. Sure, we pushed at the edges, nudged the envelope, sometimes fudged the line, but what is happening now is different. What's happening now is that the line is being erased.
charges of racism
Why the State Department Is Raising New Concerns About COVID's Origination


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text:
FCC Chair Ajit Pai Wants to Cap a Program to Help Poor People Afford Phones and Internet
Filed to:FCC
Federal Communications Commission chair Ajit Pai is aiming to impose new caps on funding for Lifeline, a program to assist impoverished people living in the U.S. afford phone, cellular and internet access.
The Lifeline program imposes small fees on phone bills to pay for $9.25/month subsidies towards low-income Americans' telecoms bills (the payments are made to approved service providers, not the individual customers). Pai's predecessor Tom Wheeler expanded Lifeline, which previously only subsidized phones, to allow the payments to apply towards broadband charges in 2016. As IBT noted, it's the same program which inspired conservative outcry over the wildly exaggerated issue of "Obamaphones."
According to Ars Technica, Pai now wants to implement a "self-enforcing budget cap" on Lifeline in a proposal filed last week. Said proposal does not specify what the limit on spending through Lifeline would be, but Pai wrote that "We intend for the program to automatically make adjustments in order to maintain the cap in the event the budget is exceeded."
Ars Technica also noted Pai's proposal "suggests eliminating a year-old nationwide approval process that makes it easier for telecoms to offer subsidized service and cutting off subsidies for telecoms that resell network access instead of operating their own networks."
In other words, Pai's changes to the program would cut off subsidy expansion when it hits the cap—Wheeler set Lifeline's budget at $2.25 billion indexed to inflation annually in 2016—and make it more difficult for service providers to participate at all. Earlier this year, Pai halted the expansion of the program to nine broadband providers.
Though a three-year audit by the Government Accountability Office released in June found major waste and fraud in the program, the program is a crucial support mechanism for the poorest Americans. As Wired noted, large numbers of Americans still find it hard to afford either cell phones or broadband, and the FCC is already instituting a verification system to help prevent fraud which should be available nationally by 2019. The FCC has estimated up to 13 million eligible households are not taking advantage of the subsidy in the past.
[Ars Technica/IBT]
Ajit Pai Took Six Days to Respond to Donald Trump's Threat to Strip NBC's 'License'
GAO Will Investigate FCC's Sketchy Claim That a Cyberattack Broke Its Comment System
Senate Reconfirms FCC Chairman Ajit Pai for Five More Years, a Big Victory for Your ISP
"... An upperclassman who had been researching terrorist groups online." - Washington Post


text:
Shipping Registration
Trust, Estate & Succession Planning
Legal & Regulatory Framework
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Financial Services Week
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The BVI Business Company is widely used globally as the core of many private wealth and investment structures. The BVI BC Business Company Act, which was designed in consultation with potential users to meet their needs, meets their needs, isprovides a structure for simple to operate, highly functional in doing the jobbusiness, while supported and packaged withby all the appropriate guarantees and protections, to that sustain the BVI advantage.As the world's leading offshore corporate domicile, the BVI has an established Business Company model that is widely used globally as the core of many private wealth and investment structures. Committed to clients and possessing a world-class cadre of professionals, the BVI has implemented legislation such as the BVI Business Company Act, 2004. The Act, which was designed in consultation with potential users to meet their needs, provides a structure for simple and effective operation as well as extremely versatile business, while supported by all the appropriate and necessary guarantees and protections that sustain the BVI advantage.
VIRRGIN
Late in 2006, the BVI successfully introduced the Virtual Integrated Registry and Regulatory General Information Network (VIRRGIN), a state-of-the-art electronic filing system. All incorporations and post incorporation filings can now be made electronically, which leads to fast, efficient and accurate turnaround of documents by the Registry of Corporate Affairs. VIRRGIN operates on a 24/7 electronic filing basis.
Laws have been enacted in the BVI to ensure the Territory's tradition of excellence, reliability and flexibility continues. The result is modern and innovative laws which reflect the changing demands of the economic environment.
Examples :
BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 ("BVI BC Act")
The BVI BC Act replaced the hugely successful International Business Companies Act of 1984. The BVI BC Act maintains the benefits of the previous Act, while introducing a number of innovative additional provisions to make the BVI business company a more effective, transactional vehicle.
Insolvency Act, 2003
The Insolvency Act, 2003 represents a significant updating of the insolvency regime in the BVI and is unique in the offshore jurisdiction. It is based on modern United Kingdom legislation and the growth of insolvency practices in the BVI reflects its successful introduction.
The offshore "magic circle" law firms are all now represented in the BVI and along with other well established firms, the jurisdiction is fully equipped to deal with the growing volume of legal work emanating in the Territory. There is a wide choice available and an unparalleled quantity and sophistication of legal resources available to undertake increasingly complex work.
Our pricing in terms of legal fees, corporate and trust services, and government fees is significantly low as well as competitive and maintains the BVI's standing as an efficient provider with a competitive advantage.
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The public and private sector enjoy a close working relationship where the private sector regularly consults on legislative changes and policy decisions. This close working relationship ensures that BVI continues to offer new opportunities aligned with the needs of the users of offshore companies.
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Boasting an enviable heritage and robust regulatory structure, the BVI has over 450,000 active companies on its Register. The supranational respect the BVI business model has attained over the years has a number of important components such as the Business Companies Act, 2004, which has received positive reviews for its flexibility. The Act allows for five different companies to be formed, diminishing a number of restrictions for clients.
Funds and Investment Business
The BVI is a growing jurisdiction for offshore domiciled funds with approximately 2,300 registered and recognised investment funds. The Securities and Investment Business Act (SIBA) provides the BVI with an effective regulatory platform that is in tune with global regulatory standards and best practices. The Approved Managers Regime provides a flexible, efficient, commercially attractive, and balanced approach to regulating various types of asset managers. The British Virgin Islands, in continuing to establish itself as a premier offshore financial services jurisdiction, launched two new fund products in May 2015, to complement its very popular existing funds offering with the bold intention of remaining on the cutting edge of the financial services market. The "incubator fund" and the "approved fund" are two new lightly regulated fund products which are primarily aimed at start-up emerging managers and those managing funds for smaller groups of closely connected investors.
The BVI's innovative, modern and user-friendly legislation, namely, the Virgin Islands Special Trust Act (VISTA) and the Private Trust Company (PTC) legislation, have positioned the BVI as the jurisdiction of choice for trust settlements and operations - with VISTA purpose or charitable trusts being ideally suited to hold shares in PTC's.
The BVI Insurance Act offers a new, more transparent framework which provides a secure and flexible approach to establish and operate various forms of insurance and reinsurance companies.
The BVI is a Category One member of the Red Ensign Group of registries and is able to register mega and super yachts up to 3,000 gross tonnage and general cargo ships of unlimited tonnage.
The BVI is a US Federal Aviation Authority Category One aircraft register. With the introduction of the Mortgaging of Aircraft and Aircraft Engines Act and Regulations, the Territory is able to register aircraft and engines which enables operators to secure aircraft financing.
The BVI offers a wide array of services to meet the needs of its clients. The BVI is not a traditional banking centre, however we are well known for our stable banking environment with five major commercial banks operating in the jurisdiction and one private international bank. They are respectively, Scotiabank (British Virgin Islands), First Caribbean International Bank, Banco Popular de Puerto Rico, First Bank, National Bank of the Virgin Islands and VP Bank, a private bank offering comprehensive private and trust banking services to international and domestic clients.
The BVI is home to the leading global accountancy firms and audit firms, as well as the top tier offshore law firms, and boasts a highly regarded pool of qualified and experienced professionals that are committed to remaining at the forefront of the industry.
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text:
The Supremes' Greatest Hits, 2nd Revised & Updated Edition: The 44 Supreme Court Cases That Most Directly Affect Your Life
Author: Michael G. Trachtman
Narrator: Jonathan Yen
Genre: Law - Courts
Can the government seize your house to build a shopping mall? Can it determine what control you have over your own body? Can police search your cellphone? The answers to those questions come from the Supreme Court, whose rulings have shaped American life and justice and allowed Americans to retain basic freedoms such as privacy, free speech, and the right to a fair trial. Especially relevant in light of Justice Antonin Scalia's passing, as President Obama gears for a fight over nominating his successor, and as we prepare to elect a new president who may get to appoint other justices, the revised and updated edition of Michael G. Trachtman's riveting book includes ten important new cases from 2010 to 2015. The new cases include: Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010), which restricts the right of governments to limit campaign contributions by corporations and unions; Burwell v. Hobby Lobby (2014), which allows a religious exemption from the Affordable Care Act requirement that corporations pay for contraceptive coverage for their employees; Riley v. California (2014), which ruled that police need warrants to search the cellphones of people they arrest; and Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), which ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage.
by Paul M. Barrett
The gripping story of one American lawyer's obsessive crusade—waged at any cost—against Big Oil on behalf of the poor farmers and indigenous tribes of the Amazon rainforest.Steven Donziger, a self-styled social activist and Harvard...
Narrator: Joe Ochman
by Alisa Roth
An urgent expose of the mental health crisis in our courts, jails, and prisons. America has made mental illness a crime. Jails in New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago each house more people with mental illnesses than any hospital. As many as half of ...
Narrator: Tavia Gilbert
The Lawyer Bubble
by Steven J. Harper
A noble profession is facing its defining moment. From law schools to the prestigious firms that represent the pinnacle of a legal career, a crisis is unfolding. News headlines tell part of the story-the growing oversupply of new lawyers, widespread...
Narrator: Walter Dixon
Law & Ultimate Concerns – An Introduction To Jurisprudence
by John Warwick Montgomery
Law is fundamental to human society, and is one of the grand themes of Holy Scripture. Dr. John Warwick Montgomery taught the full-year course in Jurisprudence - the Philosophy of Law - at the University of Bedfordshire in England. Here is the full ...
Narrator: John Warwick Montgomery
Conan Doyle for the Defense
by Margalit Fox
"A wonderfully vivid portrait of the man behind Sherlock Holmes . . . Like all the best historical true crime books, it's about so much more than crime."—Tana French, author of In the WoodsOne of USA Today's "Five...
Narrator: Peter Forbes
Buy It, Rent It, Profit!
by Bryan M. Chavis
There's never been a better time for buying rental properties—interest rates are low, and credit is more freely available to those who want to buy and invest. But where does one begin? With more than twenty-plus years of experience in real es...
The Philosophy, Practice, and Science of Crime Scene Investigation
by Robert C. Shaler
The director of the Forensic Science Program at Pennsylvania State University, Professor Robert C. Shaler leads a comprehensive study of the intricacies of an intriguing, and always topical, science. In these lectures, Shaler imparts a clear underst...
Narrator: Robert C. Shaler
One L
by Scott Turow
Thirty years after Scott Turow entered law school comes an all new unabridged production of this classic with a special introduction by and interview with the authorONE L, Scott Turow's journal of his first year at law school and a bestseller when i...
Narrator: Holter Graham
Win Your Case
by Gerry Spence
What's true for training great trial lawyers is true for all winning presentors. According to renowned trial attorney and bestselling author Gerry Spence, presenting a case before decisionmakers is not simply a technique but an occasion for summonin...
Narrator: Gerry Spence
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text:
La Bellone est une frégate de 32 canons de la classe Iphigénie, dite frégate de 12 construite pour la marine royale française. Lancée en 1778, peu de temps avant l'entrée en guerre de la France dans la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis, elle fait partie de la vague de lancement en frégates destinée cette année-là à rattraper le retard pris sur la Royal Navy.

Historique
Navire construit sur les plans de Léon Guignace, en service de 1779 à 1806 où elle est capturée par la Royal Navy le , rebaptisée  HMS Proserpine sans jamais aller en mer, elle fut détruite en 1806;

La première frégate de 12 est l'Hermione, lancée en 1748 à Rochefort, portant 26 canons. Les frégates suivantes portent presque toutes 6 canons de 6 livres sur le pont en plus de la batterie de 26 canons de 12 livres. Ce modèle est aussitôt produit en grand nombre en France. La Bellone reçoit une coque doublée au moyen de plaques de cuivre, devenant le troisième navire à appliquer une pratique qui se répand alors au sein de la Marine royale française.

Selon le règlement du , l'équipage de temps de guerre doit être théoriquement de 270 hommes (188 en temps de paix) : soit 6 officiers, 4 élèves ou volontaires, 30 officiers-mariniers, 20 canonniers (des troupes de marine), 4 timoniers, 131 matelots, 35 soldats (troupes de marine ou infanterie de ligne), 22 mousses, 9 surnuméraires et 6 valets.

Sous la République et l'Empire, l'équipage passe à 282 hommes (209 en temps de paix), dont sept officiers (un capitaine de frégate, deux lieutenants et quatre enseignes).

Opérations au large de l'Amérique
En 1779, elle prend part à la bataille de la Grenade.

Charles-Henri-Louis d'Arsac de Ternay (1723-1780) apprend à Paris qu'il doit faire l'accompagnement du convoi qui va transporter les troupes du comte de Rochambeau au Nouveau Monde pour aider les Américains dans leur lutte contre les Anglais. Il se rend à Brest et prend le commandement d'une escadre qui comprend :
Le Duc de Bourgogne, 80 canons, commandé par Charles de Médine (1736-1819), capitaine de pavillon,  Le Neptune, 74 canons, capitaine Charles Sochet des Touches (1727-1793), Le Conquérant, 74 canons, capitaine de Lagrandière, La Provence, 64 canons, capitaine de Lombard, LArdent, 64 canons, capitaine cher Charles-René Bernard de Marigny, Le Jason, 64 canons, capitaine Chadeau de la Clocheterie, LÉveillé, 64 canons, capitaine Le Gardeur de Tilly, Le Fantasque, armé en flûte, 64 canons, capitaine Vaudoré,  tonneaux, servant d'hôpital et pouvant transporter 150 hommes, La Surveillante, flûte, capitaine Armand-François Cillart de Surville (1730-1801), L'Amazone, flûte, capitaine de La Pérouse et la frégate la Bellone, La Guêpe, cutter, capitaine Édouard-Charles-Victurnien Colbert (1758-1820), comte de Maulévrier-

Le  la Bellone quitte Brest, sous les ordres de l'amiral de Ternay. Le convoi d'une trentaine de transports, ne connaît pas sa destination, le temps est assez beau. Ternay choisit la route du Sud, moins risquée. C'est seulement le 21 mai que les officiers apprennent leur véritable destination. Au cours du voyage ils éviteront les combats, leur vraie mission est le transport des renforts aux Américains dans la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis . Après 69 jours, ils arrivent au large de Rhode Island, à Boston le . Ternay meurt du Typhus en décembre de la même année, et l'intérim est assuré par Sochet des Touches en attendant l'arrivée de Barras de Saint-Laurent en . En octobre 1781, la Bellone est sous le commandement de Armand-François Cillart de Surville (1730-1801), au large du cap de Bonne-Espérance, escortant les transports Necker et  Sévère. L'escadre a rencontré le  de 50 canons qui a capturé les transports pour le amenés à Sainte-Hélène, tandis que la Bellone faisait voiles vers l'Isle de France, venant renforcer l'escadre française sous le commandement du contre-amiral Thomas d'Estienne d'Orves, puis le  à la suite de la mort de l'amiral Thomas d'Estienne d'Orves, Suffren donne le commandement de Bellone à Jean André de Pas de Beaulieu (1750-1783)

Le , sous les ordres du capitaine de Beaulieu, Bellone revint à Tranquebar, située à  de Kairakal, après avoir croisé dans l'océan Indien, où elle avait capturé ou détruit . En avril 1782, Bellone a capturé l'Indiaman oriental Cartier , qui est venu de Chine et l'a amenée à Batacalo . Au mois de juin de la même année, elle a capturé un britannique sur la route de Nagapattinam que les Français ont mis en service comme à Négapatam. Le mois suivant, partie de Négapatam la Bellone, était à Pondichéry avec l'escadre française sous l'amiral Suffren , mais sa disposition ultérieure est inconnue. Vers la fin du mois de mai, Bellone prit le Raiker , avec une cargaison d'arak et trois petits navires, près du fort de Nagapattinam.

Le  a lieu la bataille de Négapatam à laquelle la Bellone participe sous les ordres de Beaulieu. À la suite de ce combat naval, Suffren promut Beaulieu au commandement du Brillant, le remplaçant à la tête de la Bellone par Antoine Melchior Gaspard de Bernier de Pierrevert (1753-1782) . Le , Suffren appareille pour Ceylan. Il dispose de munitions nécessaire pour mener un petit siège et a pris soin d'embarquer à son bord M. des Roys, chef du génie du corps expéditionnaire, et quelques artilleurs. Il envoie la Bellone en éclaireur pour prévenir les Hollandais du retour de l'escadre. le , lors de cette courte traversée un incident de mer se produit entre l' Orient, et la Fine, causant des avaries assez sérieuses à l'avant de la frégate du nouveau capitaine qui fait ses premières armes le lendemain l'escadre mouille à Batcaloa pour quelques jours

Le , à l'approche de la bataille de Trinquemalay , la  Bellone se fait endommager son grand mât par une rafale de vent et s'embarqua pour Batacalo pour des réparations. Suffren décide d'attirer à lui l'escadre anglaise en s'emparant de Trinquemalay et de ses deux forts, ce qui est réussi entre le 26 et 31 août. L'escadre de Hughes se présente devant la baie de Trinquemalay le 3 septembre. Un e fois de plus l'affrontement est indécis, mais la Bellone bombardée par le  commandé par  Andrew Mitchell (1757-1803) . qui tua ou blessa les officiers supérieurs de Bellone , dont M. de Bernier de Pierrevert qui eut la tête emportée par un boulet de canon, à l'âge de 29 ans..

À la suite de la bataille de Trinquemalay, Suffren nomme Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse (1748-1812) commandant de la Bellone, et l'envoie pour reconnaître le port de Cuddalore et enquêter si une attaque britannique était imminente.  Villaret de Joyeuse est revenu le  et a pu signaler que tout était calme à Cuddalore.

En  1786 elle est attachée à la deuxième escadre

Le  elle est sous les ordres du capitaine Auguste Bonable Méhérenc de Saint Pierre (1741-1827), elle quitte Brest avec la flûte l' Amphitrite à destination de la Martinique

De mai à décembre 1792 elle navigue sur la mer du Nord avant de rentrer à Brest. Le  elle est sous le commandement  du lieutenant Leprince qui se suicide et c'est son premier officier le lieutenant Lafargue qui prend le relais. En août 1793, elle s'échoue à Quiberon, mais elle est renflouée avec succès-

La Bellone a participé à la Bataille du 13 prairial an II.

En février 1795 elle est sous le commandement du lieutenant Jacques Anne Anger, né à Dinan en 1766, receveur des fermes de Bretagne La Bellone passe de Bergen à Brest, pour  participer à l'Expédition d'Irlande à l'automne de 1796

Sous le commandement de Jacob elle participe le  à la Bataille de l'île de Toraigh, après avoir été gravement endommagée, elle est finalement capturée par les  et , puis ramenée en Angleterre ou elle deviendra HMS Proserpine. Dans son dernier combat elle perdit  et

En août 1804 elle était sous le commandement du capitaine anglais William Ferris, basée à Plymouth pour y être réparée, elle resta là  à l'état d'épave et fut vendue pour la destruction le .

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie
 Jean-Michel Roche, Dictionnaire de la flotte de guerre française.
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 Charles Cunat, Histoire du Bailli de Suffren, Rennes: A. Marteville et Lefas, 1852, .
 Alain Demerliac, La Marine de Louis XVI : nomenclature des navires français de 1774 à 1792, Éditions Ancre, 2004 .
 Georges Lacour-Gayet, La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XVI, Paris, Champion Honoré, 1910.
 Rémi Monaque, Les aventures de Louis-René de Latouche-Tréville, compagnon de La Fayette et commandant de l'Hermione, Paris, SPM, 2000.
 Rémi Monaque, Suffren, un destin inachevé, Paris, Tallandier, 2009,  .
 Jean-Michel Roche, Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours, t.1 (1671-1870), Groupe Retozel-Maury Millau, 2005  .
 Rif Winfield, Navires de guerre britanniques à l'ère de la voile 1793–1817 : conception, construction, carrières et destins, Éditions Seaforth, 2008 .
 Pierre Bruno Jean de La Monneraye, Souvenirs de 1760 à 1791, Librairie Droz, 1998, ..

Articles connexes
 Histoire de la marine française
 Liste des vaisseaux français
 Classement par rang des vaisseaux
 Organisation générale des marines militaires européennes durant la Révolution et l'Empire
 Artillerie navale

Liens externes

Frégate à voiles de la Marine française
Bateau lancé en 1778
Trois-mâts
Bataille navale des guerres de la Révolution française
Bataille navale impliquant la France
Bataille navale impliquant la Grande-Bretagne
Bataille de 1798