text:
Dance music and club culture began as a sanctuary for those who defied the status quo. Over time, we somehow lost sight of the path and the unity that existed among enlightened souls.
We stepped into a monotonous and shallow scene with masks. We desired superficial acceptance and we turned the other way as politics seeped into the culture. Ultimately, we deprived ourselves of the degrees of existentialism that music and dance were meant to reveal and are essential to maintain our sanity.
In response to this and inspired by the power of music, culture, and the call of the drum, DJ Stan Zeff created the Atlanta-based Tambor Party in 2009. Rooted in Afro House music, Tambor Party is both a dance movement and a congregation of kindred spirits of all backgrounds who seek a refuge from the weight of daily life and a volatile society.
Ceremonial at best, the Tambor Party experience is a blend of ancestral energies and tribal futurism, where shamanic pulses of drum and bass reconnect you with yourself and your tribe. You'll be embraced regardless of the extent you choose to expose yourself, and in the midst of the dance, you'll find yourself stripping down to the bare roots of your soul to get closer to that meaning you've been searching for.
Tambor Party has since featured well-known and up-and-coming guest DJs in the Afro House music scene such as Black Coffee, Osunlade, and Zepherin Saint. As cultural ambassador, DJ Stan Zeff extended the Tambor Party experience with recurring events in New York City, Los Angeles, London and Barcelona.
TAMBOR PARTY IS A GLOBAL DANCE MOVEMENT ROOTED IN AFRO HOUSE MUSIC AND THE CALL OF THE DRUM.
stan zeff
TAMBOR PARTY FOUNDER & RESIDENT DJ
From the London Underground warehouse parties of the late 80s, to spinning at music festivals on the Caribbean Sea, DJ Stan Zeff stayed true to the sound and spirit of house music.
As a pioneer in London's house music scene, Stan Zeff worked alongside up-and-coming DJs such as Zepherin Saint, Jazzie B, Mr. C, and Eddie Richards. In 2009, he pressed on with his pioneering spirit and founded Atlanta's Tambor Party, a dance movement and series of events centered around Afro house music. Tambor Party has since expanded to other major U.S. cities, Canada and Europe, and includes a roster of guest DJs who are well-versed in the house music scene such as Black Coffee, Louie Vega, Osunlade, Boddhi Satva, and Djeff Afrozila.
Stan Zeff expanded the Tambor brand to include the record label Tambor Music, with a growing roster of artists and a focus on the tambor and African sound. The annual Tribe Tambor Cruise is his music festival at sea that features a lineup of house music DJs.
Become a Tambor Life member to receive exclusive offers on events and products. When you sign up, admission is only $5 for all monthly Tambor Party events in Atlanta.* Membership is good for one year.
Enrollment is $30 and memberships are valid for one (1) year.
*Excludes special events.
Legal + Privacy | © 2019 by Tambor Party | Proudly created by Inity .


text:
Мандалеј (бур. မန္တလေးမြို့) је са више од милион становника (податак из 2010) други највећи град Мјанмара, и главни град истоименог региона.

Налази се 716 km северно од Рангуна, на источној обали реке Иравади.

Мандалеј је био последња престоница Краљевине Бурме и сматра се центром бурманске културе. Основан је 1857. у подножју брда по коме је добио име. У последњих 20 година у град се доселило доста Кинеза из провинције Јунан. Они данас чине 30—40% становништва.

Мандалеј је економски центар северног Мјанмара.

Фото галерија

Географија

Клима

Историја

Становништво

Привреда

Саобраћај

Спољашње везе

 Галерија историјских пејзажа Мандалеја
 Галерија фотографија

Градови у Мјанмару
Википројект географија/Насеља у Мјанмару

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Manchester United now face their biggest summer transfer challenge
Man Utd have completed two signings in the 2019 summer transfer window but now face a new challenge when it comes to strengthening their midfield.
Richard Fay
Ole Gunnar Solskjaer takes charge of his first summer at Manchester United.
The wheels are well in motion for Manchester United as they continue their summer rebuild under Ole Gunnar Solskjaer.
It has already been a productive start to the window with two new additions, but now the club face a new challenge as they look to strengthen other areas of their starting line-up.
Daniel James and Aaron Wan-Bissaka were both attracted to Old Trafford with relative ease having faced little competition from rival sides for their respective signatures.
However, the club will now face a tougher test in regards to strengthening the central spine of their side. Having already bolstered their wide options, United are now keen to recruit a new central midfielder, and in doing so will likely need to out muscle opponents in regards to any new recruits.
Tanguy Ndombele is set to sign for Tottenham despite whispers of a move to Old Trafford, while Youri Tielemans still appears most likely to sign for Leicester after his breakthrough half-a-season in England. It leaves United with a challenge on their hands.
Manchester United have started their midfield transfer overhaul
Sean Longstaff remains a player of interest to the club as they search for a new central option, but with other top names set to be on the move shortly, United do not have long to act before they settle on their first choice. Bruno Fernandes is openly flirting with the idea of moving to the Premier League this summer, but unlike either of the previous two signings United will need to pull harder in order to bring him to Old Trafford.
United's lack of Champions League football is an obvious factor against them, but it does not necessarily rule out any top players this summer. As long as a player can be convinced of qualification by the end of next season then a one year hiatus to Thursday night obscurity is unlikely to be the sole reason why a player rejects them this summer.
Instead the club need to rely on Solskjaer to work his magic and convince those transfer hopefuls that they can fulfil their potential at United and guide the team back to the pinnacle of English football.
Some Manchester United fans are embarrassing the club
This long-term vision is also likely to be the key factor in dictating which side of Manchester Harry Maguire represents next season. United have made their move with a massive £70m bid and will need to out strengthen Man City if they are to secure the England international in the coming weeks. Even if United do agree a suitable fee with Leicester for his services they must then convince the player that he would be better off playing under the intense scrutiny next year.
United's biggest stumbling block so far this summer has been trying to agree terms with other clubs, but now they face a new hurdle as they try to convince their new targets just why Old Trafford should be their next career step.
Man Utd move changes Harry Maguire situation for Man City
Solskjaer's Marcus Rashford comments show what he wants in a Manchester United player

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I received an e-mail from IMHS on the 23rd regarding the hoedown on September 15th. It stated that tickets can be purchased and picked up at the 2nd Chance Thrift Store or the Shelter Office.
I went by today, the Thrift Store didn't know anything about the tickets and the main office was closed.
Guess I won't be going after all. Shame, it's a really good cause and a fun event.
That is a shame ChampagneAbby! Maybe someone will see your post here and help you out?
That's what I was hoping DL!
I just went snooping on FB and this is in their feed under events with the date and time but there is no information on how much or where to get tickets that I can see.
Dancing, games, live music and a Cowboy Poet are just a few of the event highlights on Saturday, September 15, 2018 from 3pm to 7pm.
Tickets can be purchased and picked up at the 2nd Chance Thrift Store or the Shelter Office.
Thank you Wily - why didn't I think of that?
or maybe just call today?


text:
MCLAREN Featured
Passenger:
Gear Shift:
Baggage:
The car is powered by a new iteration of the 3.8-litre twin-turbocharged V8 engine already used in the 650S and P1, designated M838T E with thirty percent of the parts redesigned. Arranged in the car as a rear-mid engine configuration, it delivers 562 hp (570 PS; 419 kW) and 443 lb⋅ft (601 N⋅m) of torque through a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission developed by Graziano Trasmissioni. The car can accelerate from 0–62 mph (0–100 km/h) in 3.2 seconds and can achieve a top speed of 204 mph (328 km/h). A total dry weight of 2,989 lb (1,356 kg) and maximum weight of 3,201 lb (1,452 kg) gives the 570S a power to weight ratio of 428 PS per tonne delivering a fuel economy of 25.5 miles per imperial gallon (11.1 L/100 km; 21.2 mpg‑US) and CO
2 emissions of 249 g/km.
McLaren focused on delivering "day-to-day usability and driveability" against the most sporting model options in its range with increased luggage space, greater interior storage and leather upholstery options. The car is designed with aerodynamics in mind and the teardrop shaped cockpit helps achieve that objective. The rear of the car is inspired by the P1 and borrows the slim LED tail lights and diffuser styling from the flagship sports car. The car features dihedral doors, a trademark of McLaren as featured on its ultimate and super series cars.
Must be 23 years or older to rent this vehicle and Must have a full coverage insurance policy that covers rented vehicles
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text:
About SGNA
SGNA Annual Calendar
Clean Up & Recycling
Land Use and Transportation >
Meetings and LUTC Archives >
LUTC Legacy documents
Sullivan's Gulch Trail
Residential Parking Permits (Centers and Corridors Parking Study
Inclusionary Zoning in Portland
Re-striping NE 21st at Multnomah
Neighborhood Plan >
Plan Policies
Neighborhood Identity
Urban Design / Livability
Main Street Economy
Recreation and Open Space
Safety and Livability >
A Discussion of Homeless Issues
GULCH-O-RAMA thanks you
Portland Maps
Sullivan's Gulch NET
SG History
The Long, Illustrious History of Sullivan's Gulch
A Brief History of Ben Holladay and Other Interesting Historical Persons, Dates, and Events
The History of Sullivan's Gulch
Video History of SG
Sullivan's Gulch Photo Gallery
Vintage Portland
History of Portland's Neighborhood Associations
Our Local Businesses
Find our local businesses here!
Contact Us for Listing Your Business
by John Scott
Timothy Sullivan, born in Ireland in 1805, seems to have traveled widely during his life. On January 8, 1841, while in Tasmania, he met the woman who would be his wife, Margaret.
In January 1851, he arrived in East Portland and filed a Donation Land Claim for 320 acres. He was made a citizen of the United States on April 16, 1855 and received title to his claim at the same time. He built a cabin on the south edge of the gulch, which was in the northern part of his claim, near NE 19th Ave.
The gulch of 1851 is not the Gulch of today. To begin with, it is now called Sullivan's Gulch. Back then is was mainly a forest of fir trees with a beautiful stream running through it and an occasional waterfall. Cougars and bears lived in the forest, too.
"Sullivan's Spring" was located near their cabin and became a popular site for picnickers. A mural depicting this bucolic scene appears on the outside back wall of the pub at 1700 NE Broadway. It was a project of Grace Academy, only one block away on NE 17th Avenue, that received a $5,000 grant from Confluence Project for public art projects in 2006.
Sullivan died in 1865. His wife moved to Vancouver, Washington, and died in 1890. Their daughter Marie inherited the property. She joined the Sisters of Providence Order and upon her death in 1904, she left the property to the Order.
The gulch often was prone to flooding, sometimes as far east as NE 16th. When the railroad came in 1881 the gulch was filled in to stop the flooding. As a result, land became available for an industrial zone and became the home for companies such as Doernbecker Furniture Factory and Hyster equipment manufacturing (located where Fred Meyer is today).
Many old-timers may have heard their parents or grandparents talk about Train #17, which headed into Portland in mid-afternoon everyday bringing cargo from the East. It passed right through their play areas in the gulch with its whistle blowing. You can still hear the whistles blowing in the night as trains pass through Portland.
As early as 1926 Portland's city planning commission began studying the feasibility of building a high-speed expressway through the gulch. The commission said, "The plans as visualized contemplate an outgoing speedway on the right-hand side of the railroad tracks, an incoming lane on the left-hand side. The object would be to carry the speedway under all viaducts and to have only a few lateral streets, probably one every quarter or half mile to feed the through highway." The plans lay dormant until after World War II.
During the Great Depression in the early 30's Shantytowns sprung up in the gulch, and it brought with it the first "Hoovervilles." The biggest settlement was near Grand Avenue with another one just east of NE 21st Ave. They eventually merged. They were self-contained "villages" governed by an elected mayor who forbade any liquor in the Shantytown. In 1933, there were 333 men living in 131 shanties in Shantytown.
The Dairy Cooperative Association provided daily deliveries of milk to the men. One of the mayor's jobs was to make the rounds of nearby bakeries, grocery stores, and clothing stores to pickup donations. Portland Police Officer Howard, from Precinct #1, kept an eye on Shantytown and was helpful in making contacts for the mayor.
As the Depression began to end, the men in Shantytown began to drift away to find jobs that were beginning to open up in the logging mills. The population dropped to 100, and the final end to Shantytown came in 1941 when the shanties were deserted. A fire burned to the ground what was left.
After WWII ended, the plans for a freeway were revived in 1947 and won the approval of the state highway commission. The chairman of the commission was T. Harry Banfield. A campaign to have the name changed to "Sullivan Gulch Pike" failed.
Meetings, Agendas, and Minutes
Land Use and Transportation
Safety and Livability
Sullivan's Gulch NET
www.sullivansgulch.org


text:
Anti-Semitism in Social Media Includes Twitter
September 8, 2013 | in News OHPI in the Press |
Originally published in English as: Manfred Gerstenfeld, "Anti-Semitism in Social Media Includes Twitter: Interview with Andre Oboler of Online Hate Prevention", Israel National News (Arutz Sheva), September 8 2013. This interview is has also published in German, French, and Italian.
Interview with Andre Oboler of Online Hate Prevention: "Twitter does not have a mechanism for flagging problem content. It thus keeps no genuine check on anti-Semitism".
"The rise of social media has caused multiple problems for Jews and Israel. Many of them manifest themselves in ways that concern society at large. Jews and Israel however, often seem to be the first ones negatively impacted. My own work over almost a decade has focused mainly on identifying and recommending changes which can eliminate or mitigate these problems.
"The first issue we face is ideological. The internet grew out of a lawless environment. This tradition of 'internet exceptionalism' continues, even if it is increasingly challenged. A clash of cultures exists between the Americans who operate many of the global service providers, and the rest of the world. The Americans want complete freedom in their operations. Outside America however, the common position is that hate speech is highly undesirable. The public there has a legitimate expectation that the state will take steps to prevent and perhaps even criminalize it. This is in light of how hate speech played a significant role in enabling the Holocaust."
Dr. Andre Oboler is Chief Executive Officer of the Online Hate Prevention Institute in Australia. He is co-Chair of the Working Group on Anti-Semitism on the Internet and in the Media of the Global Forum to Combat Anti-Semitism.
"Another major issue concerns flaws in the systems of service providers such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter. They can relate to the software, processes and sometimes also the people involved. Twitter does not have a mechanism for flagging problem content. It thus keeps no genuine check on anti-Semitism. This issue is currently before the French courts after a complaint by the French Union of Jewish Students.
"Many examples from Facebook involve anti-Semitism in various forms. For instance, promotion of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, the classic demonization of the Jews, the comparison of the State of Israel with Nazi Germany as well as conspiracy theories. It is a flaw in Facebook's practices that complaints regarding such content are often rejected. Data from a group of Israeli students working against online anti-Semitism, suggest that this occurs with over 85% of valid complaints. As Facebook has no quality control system, it becomes even harder to remove the content afterwards.
"With some providers, one sometimes gets the impression that those in charge of dealing with complaints wish to avoid discussing it. In some companies it is difficult to find a specific person to liaise with about severe and ongoing problems concerning anti-Semitism. One often receives a generic response signed by 'the company's team' or a fictitious person.
"Yet another major concern is the companies' lack of understanding about anti-Semitism's nature. This oldest form of hate which has existed for millennia, has been studied well. In most forms, it is easily and consistently identified by scholars and experts. The providers however, want to create their own definitions and understanding of anti-Semitism. They clearly lack the expertise, skill or even a desire to do so properly. This has led for example, to a situation where for years, Facebook has refused to acknowledge the anti-Semitic nature of Holocaust Denial, which is one of the most extreme forms of anti-Semitism.
"In civil society, similar problems are increasing against other communities, such as indigenous groups, homosexuals, religious and cultural minorities and immigrants. One public divergence between Facebook's position and public opinion was over pages making light of rape. Facebook initially considered this humorous content and sought to protect and excuse it. This led to accusations of sexism and major public backlash. Facebook then quickly reversed direction.
"Jews should use the expertise gained from the fight against anti-Semitism to assist other communities under attack. Governments need to be in greater control within their own borders, as well as – when their citizens are under attack – extra-territorially through international treaties. Law enforcement outside of the United States often struggles to get either a suitable or a timely response from U.S. based service providers.
The internet should not be America's playground. The mere passage of information through the United States, or use of the services of a U.S. based company, should not create difficulties when both the perpetrator and victim reside in some other country.
"There is also a constant propaganda war waged against the Jewish state in social media. Misinformation goes viral rapidly. Staged videos and doctored photographs are rife, particularly during times of conflict. Truth plays no role in this particular arena. Content is king, and the more sensational the better. There is also a constant stream of support for big lies such as 'Israeli Apartheid.'
"Israel also faces coordinated use of social media as a tool of war by Iran. Networks of Israel activists are compromised. Groups like 'Anonymous' are infiltrated and become Iranian puppets. Social media thus becomes a megaphone for state-sponsored hate propaganda, dehumanization and of course, anti-Semitism. Yet social media companies stand idly by, watching their advertising profits roll in."


text:
Omega 7 terrorist group. Eduardo Arocena (1983 2019-01-27
Omega 7 terrorist group Rating: 7,1/10 1177 reviews
Terrorists, but Our Terrorists
A secret message one of the defendants had sent to Havana referred to an undercover meeting among Lopez, Bosch, and a female agent whose code name was Sol and who eluded capture. One hundred sixty-five thousand surviving civilians were sent to labour camps, and 50,000 were shipped to concentration camps, while the ruined city was systematically demolished. The group's name derived from the fact that there were originally seven members from various anti-Castro factions. Although current information is incomplete, it appears that some Cuban exile businessmen in the Union City, New Jersey, area clandestinely funded Omega 7 and other Cuban anti-Castro groups. It was eventually broken up in 1985 after members were arrested fir conspiring to free an imprisoned comrade, bomb the courthouse, and commit other acts of political violence A conspiracy theory common among American neo-Nazis and members of the Patriot movement.
US officials to Cuban exile groups: stop violence here.
Necuze feared that a trial would reveal the group's links to drug dealers and would hurt their image as freedom fighters struggling to liberate their homeland. Arocena said to reporters, ''All I did was for the liberation of my country. Moreover, record checks and interviews at car rental agencies disclosed that Arocena and Remon had rented cars at Newark International Airport shortly before several Omega 7 crimes. Like Bosch, Llamera is one of the guys Havana points to when arguing that U. Guys such as Bosch make it easy for the Cuban government to claim that the United States harbors, or at least tolerates, anti-Castro terrorists. Although the group never took part in selling, buying, of narcotics the group did perform collection tasks as well as other assignments given to them by the drug traffickers.
Current Disposition of Omega 7 Members
Until 2001, it was the worst act of international terrorism committed in the United States. He declined to confirm any of Hevia's details about the April operation and offered only a general refutation of any information the Cuban government puts out. Covert Operations Against Cuba, 1959-1965. Its terrorist attacks were usually well-planned and flawlessly executed. Some of these new recruits were Ernesto Gomez, Gerardo Necuze, Ignacio Gonzalez and Justo M.
Omega 7 A Terrorist or Patriotic Group — BWCentral
Cuban waters continue to be used by drug smugglers, according to federal law enforcement officials. It also provided Omega 7 with a new area of operation in which individual members were unknown and new recruits could be obtained from the previously untapped Cuban exile community in Florida. The firing system for this bomb had originally been assembled for use in a bomb intended to assassinate Fidel Castro in October, 1979 when he attended a session of the United Nations. During their most active years 1960s-1980s Omega 7, like other anti-Castro movements, were seen favorably by many Cubans in exile and anti-communists. So far they have opted not to comment on any matter whatsoever related to violence-prone exiles. This complicated investigations because the geographic area of operation for Omega 7 had shifted from northern New Jersey and the New York City area to Miami, Florida. In the past, the F.
Abu Sayyaf Group (Philippines, Islamist separatists)
Romeo Ricardo, chief of the Philippine National Police Intelligence Group, said that the two leaders were the to Middle Eastern donors who provided funding to the group and to Islamic militants in Indonesia. Declaring that he had been the innocent victim of a government witch-hunt, Arocena said that with every arrest of freedom-fighters like himself, the United States moves one step closer to a Communist takeover. He responded: ''I will not confirm it and I will not deny it. When the ambassador reached the Franklin D. But after the September 11 jetliner attacks, hard-liners here and on the island have taken the opportunity to inflame their long-running war of words to a new intensity. Commandos fired on the ship as it steamed toward the Cuban port of Carúpano.
dsc ch 12 key terms Flashcards
He was one of nineteen exiles in the Cuban Patriotic Forum who signed a Declaration of Principles published in the this past August. On the morning of Oct. Fidel Castro appointed Che Guevara head of all firing squads in Cuba. He has since been released on bail. Castro's Government and those having peaceful dealings with Cuba.
Some of the attacks by Alpha 66 and Omega 7 targeted foreign diplomats in the United States, which technically falls into the category of both domestic and international terrorism. Felix Garcia Rodriguez was murdered on September 11, 1980 while driving a station wagon after being shot in the neck by a member of Omega 7. According to the Global Terrorism Database, Omega 7 was responsible for at least 55 known attacks over the span of 8 years with a majority of them being bombs. Criminal contempt, failure to testify before a Federl grand jury. However, only Aryans are the true elect of God.
Eduardo Arocena (1983
Outside of the Garden of Eden lived nonwhite, soulless beasts who were a separate species from humans. October 3, 1982, Page 001042 The New York Times Archives Three men were arrested yesterday in New Jersey and one was seized in Florida by Federal agents investigating an attempt to bomb a Cuban diplomat's car in New York City two years ago. Moreover even the leading exile scholars cannot point to any actual terrorist acts carried out on U. And not only that, they said they would even be grateful if we would pass along the information, because in some way it could be useful to them. This is found by the United States Coast Guard and the C.


text:
Cost of wars in Iraq and Afghanistan tops £20bn
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10359548
Image caption 10,000 British troops are stationed in Afghanistan
The cost of fighting and reconstruction in Iraq and Afghanistan has passed £20bn, UK government figures show.
Of that, £18bn was spent on military operations, on top of the defence budget, while hundreds of millions went on aid and security for UK officials.
The final cost, which does not include troops' salaries or care for the wounded, is expected to be much higher.
Critics questioned why the UK was spending so much on conflict when public finances were in a dire state.
Britain spent at least £9.24bn in Iraq and £11.1bn in Afghanistan between April 2001 and March 2010, the figures show.
Costs were shared between the Treasury, the Department for International Development and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
Ten thousand British troops are still stationed in Afghanistan, meaning the total cost will continue to rise.
The true cost of our policy of international adventures is now being shown - £20bn is 10 times the amount it would cost to scrap student fees in England
Ken Livingstone, Former London mayor
Professor Malcolm Chalmers, a defence analyst for the Royal United Services Institute, said about 30% of the UK's defence budget went on operations in Afghanistan.
"They have been long and sustained operations in difficult geographical locations with often quite determined enemies.
"Simply maintaining thousands of people in such a location takes a lot of money on logistics before you have even started."
He said the Treasury would be looking closely at expenditure on the military missions.
He suggested an influx of 20,000 US marines into Helmand Province, southern Afghanistan, would allow the UK to concentrate its forces in the centre of the province, reducing the cost of maintaining remote bases.
In March, former Chancellor Alistair Darling said he had set aside £4bn of the 2010-11 Treasury reserve for military operations in Afghanistan. The FCO put aside £118m for this financial year.
On Tuesday, Chancellor George Osborne is due to outline spending plans in his emergency Budget.
'Obscene amounts'
Former London mayor Ken Livingstone said: "The true cost of our policy of international adventures is now being shown - £20bn is 10 times the amount it would cost to scrap student fees in England, for example."
Lindsey German, convener of the Stop the War Coalition, said: "People will be astonished that the government had the cheek to call for public spending cuts when such an obscene amount has been spent in Iraq and Afghanistan."
A demonstration outside Downing Street calling for British troops' withdrawal from Afghanistan is expected to be staged on Tuesday, the day of the emergency Budget.
Bob Crow, general secretary of the Rail Maritime and Transport Union, insisted ministers should not cut jobs while the conflict dominated spending priorities.
"The money that's been drained away on illegal war-mongering is only outstripped by the cash ripped off in the bankers bail-out," he added.
UK troops in Afghanistan
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
UK Sections


text:
Q: How to pass a function with more than one argument to pandas converters? I have a CSV file that I need to read as a DataFrame, but some transformations in the columns are required.
This is what's in my file (the arrays come as strings):
   array1     array2       matrix1                      matrix2  size1  size2
(1, 2, 3)  (4, 5, 6)  (1, 2, 3, 4)  (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)      2      3
(3, 2, 1)  (6, 5, 4)  (4, 3, 2, 1)  (9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)      2      3

The array columns need to be converted to arrays, and the matrix columns need to be converted to matrices according to the given size. (The actual process is more complex and the values in the data actually correspond to the lower triangle of each matrix.)
So, the expected output DataFrame is:
      array1     array2                   matrix1                                            matrix2  size1  size2
0  [1, 2, 3]  [4, 5, 6]  [[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]]  [[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], [4.0, 5.0, 6.0], [7.0, 8.0, ...      2      3

1  [3, 2, 1]  [6, 5, 4]  [[4.0, 3.0], [2.0, 1.0]]  [[9.0, 8.0, 7.0], [6.0, 5.0, 4.0], [3.0, 2.0, ...      2      3

I'm using converters to convert the array columns as I read them. So, if I only convert the arrays:
import numpy as np, pandas as pd

csv_file = 'data.csv'
array_columns = ['array1', 'array2']
array_converters = dict([(column, lambda x: np.fromstring(x[1:-1], sep=',').astype('int')) \
                          for column in array_columns])
df = pd.read_csv(csv_file, converters=array_converters)

results in:
            array1           array2       matrix1                      matrix2  size1  size2
0  [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]  [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]  (1, 2, 3, 4)  (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)      2      3

1  [3.0, 2.0, 1.0]  [6.0, 5.0, 4.0]  (4, 3, 2, 1)  (9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)      2      3

And I can then parse the matrix columns by doing this:
matrix_columns = [(f'matrix{i}', f'size{i}') for i in range(1, 3)]
for array_str_column, size_column in matrix_columns:
    df[array_str_column] = df.apply(lambda x: array_to_matrix(x[array_str_column], \
                                    x[size_column]), axis=1)

where array_to_matrix is a function that takes the array string and transforms it into a matrix:
def array_to_matrix(array_str, size):
    array = np.fromstring(array_str[1:-1], sep=',')
    return array.reshape(size, size)

However, I haven't been able to find a way to parse the matrices using converters.
I've tried rewriting the for loop like this:
matrix_converters = dict([(array_str_column, df.apply(lambda x: array_to_matrix(x[array_str_column], \
                x[size_column]), axis=1)) for array_str_column, size_column in matrix_columns])

But, of course, df will not be defined before calling pd.read_csv, and I want all the converters (for array and matrices) to be applied then (I can merge array_converters and matrix_converters into a single dictionary).
I've tried passing the arguments in different ways. For example:
matrix_columns = [(f'matrix{i}', f'size{i}') for i in range(1, 3)]
matrix_converters = dict([(array_str_column, lambda x: array_to_matrix(x, size_column)) \
                           for array_str_column, size_column in matrix_columns])
df = pd.read_csv(csv_file, converters=matrix_converters)

The issue is that the x in the lambda corresponds only to the string "(1,2,3,4)" in the case of the first row, and not to the entire row, and therefore, it doesn't contain the data of any other column. How can I pass the sizes to the function array_to_matrix?
I've also tried adding another argument to the lambda using x, y but I get the error TypeError: <lambda>() missing 1 required positional argument: 'y'.

A: Given the dataframe you provided:
import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "array1": ["(1, 2, 3)", "(3, 2, 1)"],
        "array2": ["(4, 5, 6)", "(6, 4, 5)"],
        "matrix1": ["(1, 2, 3, 4)", "(4, 3, 2, 1)"],
        "matrix2": ["(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)", "(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)"],
        "size1": [2, 2],
        "size2": [3, 3],
    }
)

I suggest a different approach:
# Transform strings into lists
for col in ["array1", "array2", "matrix1", "matrix2"]:
    df[col] = (
        df[col]
        .apply(lambda x: x.strip("(").strip(")").split(", "))
        .apply(lambda x: [int(i) for i in x])
    )

# Convert lists into lists of lists
for matrix, size in zip(
    [col for col in df.columns if col.startswith("matrix")],
    [col for col in df.columns if col.startswith("size")],
):
    df[matrix] = df.apply(
        lambda x: [
            x[matrix][i : i + x[size]] for i in range(0, len(x[matrix]), x[size])
        ],
        axis=1,
    )

So that:
      array1     array2           matrix1                            matrix2  size1  size2
0  [1, 2, 3]  [4, 5, 6]  [[1, 2], [3, 4]]  [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]      2      3
1  [3, 2, 1]  [6, 4, 5]  [[4, 3], [2, 1]]  [[9, 8, 7], [6, 5, 4], [3, 2, 1]]      2      3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Designed for students who have successfully completed stage one of our Play Piano series, this course advances your practical skills and builds on the previous material. You'll learn how to play with two hands at the same time in a wide variety of styles, as well as introducing new areas of focus with a look at improvisation, technical development and some basic aural skills. Suitable for all ages.


provide a place where residents can recommend local trades to each other.
We manage the on-going maintenance of this website on behalf of the residents association.
To upgrade their website, create a new hosting account, domain transfer and provide on-going management of the website.


This item is considered bulky. Please Click Here to view more info on bulky goods.
This product is physically large and will be subject to freight charges between ITM and their local dealer.
Please contact ITM or your local dealer for details.
Swivel head enables 0° to 60° mitre cuts.
- Trigger switch with manual downfeed for small quick cuts.
- Control panel with fully adjustable hydraulic down feed.
& automatic shut-off at end of cut, for cutting larger material.
Brass chip brush to help prevent blade breakage.
Adjustable material stop for repetitive production.


A 16-day strike of British Airways cabin crew, which begins on 1st July, will have considerably less impact after the Department for Transport gave the go-ahead for BA to use staff and nine planes from Qatar Airways, which has lost business since a boycott of Qatar by Arab Nations over accusations that the country supports terrorism.
In early June, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt suspended ties with Qatar. The countries said they would halt all land, air and sea traffic with Qatar, eject its diplomats and order its citizens to leave the Gulf states. Saudi Arabia said it took the decision to cut diplomatic ties due to Qatar's "embrace of various terrorist and sectarian groups aimed at destabilising the region". These groups include al-Qaida and Islamic State.
This hit Qatar Airways, which for the year up to March had reported a 10% increase in sales and according to its Chief Executive, Akbar Al Baker, had an "expansion and growth strategy".
September 2016 - Mr Akbar Al Baker (on left) looks like a man who knows that Qatar Tourism is about to take a nosedive.
The Unite union bosses were foolish not to have foreseen that Qatar Airways would jump in to assist BA during its strike. Qatar owns 20% of IAG, which owns British Airways. Qatar, incidentally, also owns 20% of Heathrow Airport and Qatar Airways CEO Akbar Al Baker is on Heathrow's Board of Directors.
Al Baker has no regard for the rights of British people and believes they have too many "freedoms". (So he'd have no hesitation in crushing a strike about low pay.) In 2014 Al Baker said he wanted planes to use Heathrow 24-hours a day and he was callous enough to dismiss concerns by saying people would get used to it. In Al Baker's world, the only thing that matters is profit for foreign investors.
Bizarrely, the Unite union supports Al Baker and the Heathrow Board's plans to expand Heathrow. So why are its members in BA cabin crew striking over "poverty pay"? Aren't these exactly the sort of airport jobs that Unite says it wants when it bangs on about supporting a third runway?
Thanks to Al Baker and Qatar Airways, BA can say that all its passengers will get to their destinations and it will operate 99.5 per cent of its schedule. The strike will be pointless.
Despite claims that Heathrow runs close to full capacity, planes fly with a huge number of empty seats. That will enable BA to merge long-haul services. Two flights tomorrow will be cancelled completely but it won't have any impact on the BA promise to get every customer to their destination.
Unite is supporting the very companies that are keeping their members' wages low.
Unite bosses know their members' strike will have little or no impact and intend to complain. That is unlikely to help their members on "poverty pay", who still have to pay the inflated salaries of the Unite bosses.
In 2014 Unite General Secretary Len McCluskey secured a 3.7% pay rise taking his £135,211 pay and pension package to £140,281 a year. In fact subscriptions from its member, including those on "poverty pay" helped give all Unite union employees a 3.7% pay rise.
Let's see what the BA cabin crew achieve.
Remember 1989 - When we thought being air crew was glamorous and well paid.


Our core values of outstanding Safety, Quality and Reliability services, excellence, integrity and partnership extend across the breadth of our organization. They are achieved by our experienced workforce of executive employees and multi-skilled tradesmen. Our people are our most valuable asset – they are skilled problem solvers that believe challenges can be opportunities.
Our unique culture and approach deliver enduring results, true to each client's specific situation. We'll always do the right thing by our clients, our people and our communities. We pride ourselves on our long-standing client relationships, some of which span over four generations. We focus on collaborating, challenging and sharing insights for the benefit of our clients.
We care for our clients' business as our business. We share our clients' aspirations, work to understand their reality, and align our incentives with their objectives—so they know we're in this together. Our policies and programs support our strong employee culture, providing a safe, diverse and rewarding environment.
For new employees, we conduct in-house induction training on safety and correct work practices before their deployment to sites. We also provide regular in-house training and refresher courses on various aspects of safety, new technologies and improved work methods and have developed our own training materials in order to efficiently train each and every one of our employees to reach their full potential.


text:
2016 Ridge Klein Cabernet Sauvignon
Wine Advocate 94
Vinious 92-95
Wine & Spirits 90
Region: Santa Cruz Mountains
Vineyard : Monte Bello
Ridge Vineyards is a famed Californian wine producer founded in 1962, and based in the Santa Cruz Mountains, but with vineyards in several parts of the state. Its flagship wine, Monte Bello, is a Cabernet Sauvignon-dominated Bordeaux blend known for delivering the complexity and elegance of Bordeaux wines, as well as typical California fruit intensity.
It is also well known for its range of Zinfandel wines and Zinfandel-based blends, led by the Geyserville cuvée. Wines made from Petite Sirah, Carignan and a Grenache – Mataro blend have also been longstanding features in the range, and Ridge has made a small amount of Chardonnay each vintage for many decades.
In recent years the portfolio has expanded considerably. Newer additions include a Lytton Estate Rosé, a limited-release Mendocino Falanghina, and a trio of Rhône-variety white wines from Adelaida Vineyard in Paso Robles.
The renowned trio of vineyards, Monte Bello, Geyservillle and Lytton Springs account for the majority of Ridge's production, with the remainder coming from the estate's East Bench site and a number of key contract growers.
Montebello is situated at around 800m (2600ft) above sea level in the Santa Cruz Mountains, a few miles south of San Jose. The history of the Monte Bello vineyard and winery dates back to the 1880s.
All of the Bordeaux varieties are grown on the Monte Bello vineyard. Those plots that have been shown to provide the most ageworthy, complex wines go into the flagship wine, which bears the vineyard's name.
The remaining parcels, which tend to produce relatively approachable, youthful wines, are earmarked for the Estate Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot. Blind tastings confirm the selection and the wines are blended over two sessions in the following February and May.
Klein Cabernet Sauvignon is a barrel selection from a part of the estate planted by the Alsatian Pierre Klein in the late 1880s. The Estate Chardonnay also comes from the Monte Bello Estate vineyards.
Geyserville is an estate (and township) located in the Alexander Valley AVA, Sonoma County. It lies more than 100 miles by car to the north of Monte Bello.
The property is owned by the Trentadue family who, since 1966, have sold grapes to Ridge for the single-site, Zinfandel-based wine of the same name. It is home to the oldest vines farmed by Ridge, with some in the "Old Patch" more than 130 years of age.
Lytton Springs is also known for powerful Zinfandel. It is located in Dry Creek Valley AVA, neighboring Alexander Valley to the west. Ridge first purchased grapes from 1972, then bought the estate outright in 1991.
Winemaking across the portfolio combines old-school techniques with sophisticated laboratory analysis to give early warnings of any problems. Ridge only uses native yeasts, and avoids filtration in favor of settling and racking with occasional egg-white fining.
Paul Draper, who joined Ridge in 1969, is one of the world's most celebrated winemakers. His awards include Decanter Man of the Year (2000), COPIA Award for winemaking (2004) and the James Beard Award (2007). In 2015, a Decanter Magazine poll of his peers voted him in the top five most admired winemakers in the world.
Winemaker Tasting Notes
Saturated/opaque ruby color. Intense aromas of cassis and blackberries, spice box, violets, and black olive. Ripe, dark mountain fruit, rich velvety tannins. firm acid, and sweet oak in a long finish.
Vintage Notes
This historic vineyard. first planted by Pierre Klein in the late 19th century comprises today's Jimsomare Ranch. Lower on Monte Bello Ridge the vineyard experiences greater variation in diurnal temperatures. The drought this year produced a wine of beautiful intensity This wine's dark mountain fruit and rich tannins give it great aging potential. It will be at its best in twenty years.
Wine Advocate: 94 Points "The 2016 Cabernet Sauvignon Klein Monte Bello Vineyard is another special bottling from Ridge. part of their Historic Vineyard Series. This vintage. the wine is 100% Cabernet Sauvignon aged 18 months in 100% new American oak barrels. Medium to deep ruby-purple. it gives aromas of sage brush, bay leaf iron, dried herbs pencil shavings, cedar and crushed stone- there's so much here before you even get to the fruit-with warm red and black cherries plums and currants. It's medium to full- bodled and minerally to begin. fleshing out to spicy fruits, with firm. pixelated tannins and seamless freshness, finishing very long and nuanced. This merits at least another few years in bottle and should age beautifully over the next 10 to 15+ years." - Erin Brooks (February 2020)
Vinous Media: 92-95 Points The 2016 Cabernet Sauvignon Klein is the most complete of the three wines I tasted in Ridge's collection of Historic Vineyard series wines. Structured, dense and super- expressive the 2016 is simply superb Graphite sage lavender and menthol add layers of nuance but the potent tannins suggest the 2016 is going to need at least a few years to be at its most expressive." - Antonio Galloni (August 2018)
Wine & Spirits: 90 Points "Ridge collectors may remember the Jimsomare cabernets that Raul Draper made until 1997. They came from a property on Monte bello Road that Pierre Klein had originally planted to cabemet in the late 19th century and was replanted in the 1970s. When Ridge signed a long-term lease on the vineyard in 1996, the fruit became part of the Monte Bello blend. The 2016 is the first separate bottling from the site in two decades. The site is lower in elevation than others in the Monte Bello collection with wider shifts between day and nighttime temperatures, generating a red-fruited cabernet with an oceanic freshness and an acidity that feels pithy (October 2019)
2014 Lecole Estate Apogee Pepper Bridge, Walla Valley
2007 Marcassin Pinot Noir Blue Slide Ridge Vineyard
2013 Ridge Monte Bello, Santa Cruz, CA


text:
Q: Add (BEM) classes to Wordpress menu list-items and anchors I started off my project by building static html templates. My 'main' navigation looks like this:

    Menu

Services

Security

Blog

About

Contact

I'm aware I can target Wordpress anchors in the css with .site-nav li a {} but I'd like to keep with my BEM naming convention for consistency.
Within functions.php I can see that using wp_nav_menu I can specify classes for the container/ul but not the list-items/anchors. Can anyone recommend the 'best' way of achieving what I'm after? Doing a bit of reading, it seems that a walker class could be the way to go? So I'd really appreciate some advice on this topic or if there's a better method.
For reference my wp_nav_menu script currently looks like this:
function html5blank_nav() {
    wp_nav_menu(
    array(
        'theme_location'  => 'header-menu',
        'menu'            => '',
        'container'       => 'div',
        'container_class' => 'menu-{menu slug}-container',
        'container_id'    => '',
        'menu_class'      => 'menu',
        'menu_id'         => '',
        'echo'            => true,
        'fallback_cb'     => 'wp_page_menu',
        'before'          => '',
        'after'           => '',
        'link_before'     => '',
        'link_after'      => '',
        'items_wrap'      => '
%3$s
',
        'depth'           => 0,
        'walker'          => ''
        )
    );
}

A: You're right about a walker. Try something like this, and pass new Custom_Walker to your walker key in the array of args fed to wp_nav_menu
<?php

// functions.php
// OR - preferrably - some file of it's own that you `include` by other means.

class Custom_Walker extends \Walker_Nav_Menu
{
    /**
     * Start the element output.
     *
     * The $args parameter holds additional values that may be used with the child
     * class methods. Includes the element output also.
     *
     * @since 2.1.0
     * @abstract
     *
     * @param string $output            Passed by reference. Used to append additional content.
     * @param object $object            The data object.
     * @param int    $depth             Depth of the item.
     * @param array  $args              An array of additional arguments.
     * @param int    $current_object_id ID of the current item.
     */
    function start_el( &$output, $item, $depth = 0, $args = array(), $id = 0 ) {
        $anchorEl = sprintf(
            '%s',
            ($item->object_id === get_the_ID()) ? ' site-nav__link--active' : '',
            $item->url,
            $item->title
        );

        $output .= sprintf( "\n
%s\n", $anchorEl);
    }//end start_el()

    /**
     * Ends the element output, if needed.
     *
     * The $args parameter holds additional values that may be used with the child class methods.
     *
     * @since 2.1.0
     * @abstract
     *
     * @param string $output Passed by reference. Used to append additional content.
     * @param object $object The data object.
     * @param int    $depth  Depth of the item.
     * @param array  $args   An array of additional arguments.
     */
    public function end_el(&$output, $object, $depth = 0, $args = array()) {
        $output .= '
';
    }//end end_el()
}//end class


Find information on all of our campgrounds here.
Campgrounds: Reservable dates are May 1 thru Sept 15 of the current year. The Office starts taking Reservations on the first working day of the year, (January 2, 2019) and online Reservations will not open until after March 15, 2019. We apologize, but we are having some technical difficulties implementing the new package plans into the website calendars. Youth camps are free of charge but must be reserved thru the Park Office and not online.
Camp Kiwanis: Reservable dates are mid May thru mid September, and reservations are taken up to two (2) years in advance. Reservations are unavailable online, please contact the Park Office for rates and to reserve your dates.
Chapel: Reservable dates are weather dependent, priority is given to Camp Kiwanis Reservations. Please contact the Park Office to reserve.
Marden's Campground is located just northwest of the Camp Office, and has a large flat grassy area, good for large group activities or additional parking. There is a large open-sided pavilion in case your picnic needs to be moved out of the rain, and access to the creek is within walking distance. The area has some tree cover around the pavilion, and offers playground equipment consisting of swing sets and teeter totters, volleyball poles and 2 horseshoe pits. There is a cement ring around the firepit, and a double wooden outhouse.
The Elks Campground is a smaller campground located directly north of the Camp Office. The campground is nestled in a wooded location close to the highway making for easy access, and offers two sets of horseshoe pits. There is no creek access at the campground, but creek access is still within walking distance. A new Handicap accessible outhouse was installed during the summer of 2015.
Fireman's Campground was renovated during the summer of 2015, and has an open sided pavilion, volleyball poles, and a concrete ADA accessible outhouse.
The Rail Road Pager's Campground has the largest semi-enclosed pavilion with an indoor fireplace. The Campground also includes multiple sites and firepits, one firepit with a concrete slab. Two sets of horseshoe pits and single set of volleyball poles are available. The campground is a large, wooded area with many extra picnic tables, and excellent creek access including a pedestrian walking bridge of Beaver Creek. There are benches strategically placed around the campground, and the outhouses are handicap accessible. The Pager's Club did recently install electricity at the Pavilion which is available with a Campground Reservation for an additional fee. The Pagers Campground is also within walking distance of several access points to the Bear Paw Nature Trail; a scenic and historic hiking trail.
Flood damage was repaired in the Lion's Campground during the summer of 2016, which included the addition of an additional outhouse and pavilion. The Lion's Campground is a spot that offers a lot of tree cover, and has two pavilions (both with interior fireplace) and 2 concrete ADA accessible outhouses. There are horseshoe pits and a pedestrian bridge crossing Beaver Creek. Also, the Lion's Campground is located in the middle of the Bear Paw Nature Trail; a scenic and historic hiking trail, with the trail skirting the edge of the Campground.
Note: Starting the summer of 2019 the Lion's Campground will be split into two separate reservable campgrounds. Final details are still being worked out, please stay tuned for up-dates!
The Havre Police Protective Association Campground (HPPA) is a wooded area, located in a private cul-de-sac. There is a horseshoe pit, and a concrete slab around a large fire-pit. The campground has 2 additional smaller fire-pits for individual sites, and the recently updated outhouse is handicap accessible. A new pavilion was installed during the summer of 2016, and is wired to power lights and electrical outlets from a self-provided generator. The Campground has excellent creek access, and is within walking distance of several access points for the scenic and historic Bear Paw Nature Trail.
The Community Effort Site was a group effort spearheaded by the local Rail Road Pagers and the Walleyes Unlimited groups, and is the only Reservable site at Beaver Creek Reservoir (First Lake.) The Pavilion is partially walled, with many picnic tables. The fishing pier provides easy fishing access to the lake, and concrete sidewalks connect the pier, pavilion and concrete ADA accessible outhouses making this site the easiest to navigate. There are memorial benches strategically placed throughout the site, and there is a large parking area, two sets of horseshoe pits, and several small memorial trees.
Kiwanis Camp Reservations include the Lodge, the Bathhouses, the Rec Hall and 13 Cabins. Available recreational amenities include a volleyball net, softball backstage, horseshoe pits, and a fire pit.
Reservations are unavailable online for Camp Kiwanis, please contact our office for rental information at (406) 395-4565.
This large, varied park offers limitless opportunities for recreation. You can camp by lake or stream, where fishing in both is excellent! Picniking is a major activity all through the summer and you may hike or ride horseback on maintained trails or cross country. The Bear Paw Nature Trail is an educational and scenic trek. Some people come to watch birds and animals, to sightsee, phtoograph, paint or just to relax. There are children's summer camps and cabin site leases. Winter activities include ice fishing, cross country skiing, snowshoeing, sledding and some snowmobiling.
Beaver Creek Park is open 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, 365 days per year.
Office Hours vary Seasonally, please contact the Office for current hours.
Provided for your pleasure and enjoyment. What can you do to help preserve the park environment?
Campfires add to the experience of the outdoors. Campers are encouraged to pick up dead fall for camp use. Please note that the cutting of standing trees is NOT allowed - trees must be dead and down.
The park staff is helped by your comments and reports on the condition of the park amenities.
Be on the lookout for signs of vandalism, and report immediately.
Respect other park users. Just as you, they are using the park for enjoyment, recreation and relaxation.
Bicycling and hiking are wonderful ways to get "off-road." Bicycles can be used on all trails and hiking leaves virtually no trace or damage.
Pack it in, pack it out. Beaver Creek Park provides garbage and trash services, however, your help will enhance staff efforts to maintain an inviting, safe and pleasing park environment for all.
As you explore the park, you may encounter flora that you don't recognize. Noxious weeds are having an increasingly negative impact not only on the park, but all grasslands. If you suspect or question the flora you encounter, bring your concerns and questions to the attention of the park staff.
Take pride in your park, protect it from damage.


text:
Tales es un pueblo y municipio de la Comunidad Valenciana, España. Se encuentra situado en el sur de la provincia de Castellón, en la comarca de la Plana Baja donde se integró la comarca histórica del Bajo Espadán de la que formaba parte. Pertenece a la Mancomunidad Espadà-Millars y alberga su sede. Cuenta en 2019 con 825 habitantes según el INE, estos son de habla valenciana. Su término municipal tiene una extensión de 14,53 km², gran parte del mismo está poblado de grandes extensiones de bosque donde las especies predominantes son el pino, el alcornoque, la carrasca y la encina.

Su núcleo urbano se sitúa en la ladera de una pequeña montaña a orillas del río Veo, en el valle que forman las últimas estribaciones del Parque natural de la Sierra de Espadán. Sus casas se distribuyen en calles torcidas, empinadas y empedradas, algunas con desigualdad. Las viviendas son más reducidas a medida que nos aproximamos al castillo que ocupa la cúspide de la colina. Tales pertenece al partido judicial de Nules y a la Diócesis de Segorbe-Castellón.

Geografía

Ubicación

El municipio de Tales está situado en la zona de transición entre las estribaciones de la Sierra de Espadán y la llanura de la Plana. Dista 28 km de la capital de la provincia, Castellón de la Plana y 27 km de Burriana, capital de la comarca de la Plana Baja. Se accede al municipio a través de la carretera  desde Onda o Alcudia de Veo, la  procedente de Sueras y la  de Viver a Onda. Estas carreteras permiten la circulación de cualquier tipo de vehículos. El resto de vías son caminos de tierra y asfalto que presentan buen firme.

Su término municipal tiene una superficie de 14,53 km², de las cuales 937 ha están ocupadas por extensiones boscosas y 203 ha por superficies de cultivo. Está representado en la hoja 640 del Mapa Topográfico Nacional.

La geodesia de Tales viene representada en la siguiente tabla, en la que se recoge el único vértice geodésico que delimita su término municipal:
Fuente: Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España

Localidades limítrofes
El término municipal de Tales limita con las siguientes localidades:

Paisaje y relieve
El paisaje está caracterizado por pequeños valles que se ensanchan a medida que se asoman al cauce del río Veo. Los cultivos de regadío ocupan las fértiles zonas fluviales, mientras que los de secano se alternan con extensas y densas zonas boscosas de pinos, carrascas y alcornoques.

El relieve del municipio presenta importantes desniveles entre las zonas de mayor altura y el núcleo urbano del municipio, situado a 242 m. La altitud media del término municipal es de 300 m. Este relieve tan angosto ha influenciado claramente la manera de conrear los cultivos de los que en la antigüedad subsistían las gentes del pueblo, ya que los pobladores desde el  abancalaron el terreno para minimizar la erosión y aprovechar el terreno.

Sus colinas más elevadas son el Coll d'Espí (672 m), el Montí (612 m) de sur a norte por el este de la población, la Penya Negra (529 m) al sur y el Tossal (469 m) en dirección noroeste al norte del río y de la población.

Geología
El ámbito geológico del término municipal está compuesto por diferentes formaciones. Aunque la mayor parte de ellas provienen del Triásico también existen pequeñas zonas de carniolas y dolomías del Jurásico. Los materiales del Triásico son de tres tipos según su composición y materiales.
 Buntsandstein. Areniscas y alternancia de argilitas con areniscas facies de Röt. Las areniscas del Buntsandstein se conocen coloquialmente en el lugar con el nombre de rodeno.

 Muschelkalk. Dolomías, margas, arcillas y calizas.

 Keuper. Margas y arcillas, con presencia de yesos grises.
La historia geológica de la zona sobreviene a partir de las fase erosiva posthercínica con una sedimentación del Triásico de la facies germánica típica. Posteriormente se produce una transgresión marina con etapas de depósitos lagunares (Keuper). Esta zona geomorfológica pertenece a la hoja número 640 del MAGNA 50 (IGME), de nombre "Segorbe", división 29-25 y huso 30.

En el término municipal de Tales existen numerosas simas y cuevas:
 Cueva de l'Alforí.
 Cueva d'Anacleto.
 Cueva de l'Assut.
 Cueva de les Calaveres.
 Cueva del Campament.
 Cueva del Castell.
 Cueva de les Coles.
 Cueva del Molí.
 Cueva del Montí.
 Sima del Barranc d'Aín.
 Sima de la Pista.
 Sima del Coll d'Espí.

También son de gran interés las cavidades situadas en el límite con el término municipal de Alcudia de Veo:
 Cueva de l'Eulogio, la Gronsa o de l'Alt.
 Sima de la Mossa o de l'Alt.

Hidrografía

El municipio de Tales posee sistemas fluviales de orden secundario que se sitúa dentro del sistema hidrológico nº56 del Plan Nacional de Investigación de Aguas Subterráneas y corresponde localmente al subsistema acuífero denominado "Sierra de Espadán". La convergencia de las aguas, tanto superficial como subterránea, es de dirección NE, hacia el subsistema acuífero de la "Plana de Castellón". Estos cauces permanecen en estiaje durante todo el año excepto en periodo de precipitaciones. Su término municipal se encuentra atravesado por los siguientes ríos y barrancos:

 Río Veo.
 Barranco de Xiclà o del Pantà.
 Barranco de la Pedrera.
 Barranco d'Aín o de l'Ullastre.
 Barranco del Fusero.
 Barranco de les Clotxes.
 Barranco d'Isidor.
 Barranco de la Gerra.
 Barranco Fondo.
 Barranco de Castro o Cavallera.

También son muy conocidas sus numerosas fuentes naturales por la calidad de sus aguas, entre las que se encuentran las siguientes:
 Fuente de Montí.
 Fuente del Pardalet.
 Fuente de l'Assut.
 Fuente de Xiclà.
 Fuente de la Pixera.
 Fuente del Gos.
 Fuente del Bou.
 Fuente de la Rata.
 Fuente de la Perera.
 Fuente del Canyar

Climatología

Tales disfruta de un clima mediterráneo temperado muy sano. Durante la mayor parte del año las temperaturas medias con valores muy suaves que permiten disfrutar de los ecosistemas que configuran término municipal. Las temperaturas medias oscilan entre los 8 °C del mes de enero y los 24 °C de agosto.
Solo suelen haber días fríos durante la temporada invernal, aunque de todos modos no suelen ser muy numerosos.

Las precipitaciones se producen con gran irregularidad, estableciéndose fuertes contrastes entre años de abundancia y otros de pronunciada sequía. La estación de lluvias más abundantes suele ser el otoño, la principal característica de esta es la torrencialidad de las precipitaciones que provoca fuertes avenidas de agua en los torrentes y barrancos. La media anual de precipitaciones se sitúa en 649 mm. De todos modos, e igual que se ha comentado anteriormente respecto a las temperaturas, los días de lluvias anuales no son muy numerosos, lo que no impide disfrutar de los atractivos turísticos de la localidad.

Entorno natural

En el término municipal de Tales y sus inmediaciones existen zonas de alto valor ecológico y paisajístico, éstas son algunas de las más representativas.
 Paraje del Montí. A la orilla del río Veo entre Onda y Tales se alza el Montí (612 m), ésta es la montaña más representativa del pueblo, desde su cima se divisan unas excelentes vistas y es palpable la majestuosidad de la Sierra de Espadán. Está cubierta por una densa masa forestal por la que discurren diferentes rutas señalizadas para practicar el senderismo. Sus bosques de pino rodeno y alcornoque albergan una gran variedad de flora y fauna mediterránea. En sus barrancos y torrentes nacen pequeños manantiales que crean ambientes húmedos de gran belleza.
 Peñas de l'Alt. Es un conjunto de peñas y cerros muy escarpados situados en el límite con el término de Alcudia de Veo. Casi todos superan los 600 m de altitud, entre ellos, el más alto es el Coll d'Espí (672 m). Desde el punto de vista geológico estas peñas forman parte de un conjunto de calizas formando un paisaje kárstico, hecho que justifica la presencia de numerosas cuevas y simas algunas de ellas de gran envergadura como la sima de la Gronsa o l'Eulogio y la cueva de l'Alt. Se puede acceder a las peñas y cavidades a través de diferentes sendas que parten de pistas forestales cercanas al núcleo urbano.

 El Campament. Se denomina así al paraje ubicado en el último tramo del río Veo antes de unirse con el barranco de Castro para dar lugar al río Seco. El enclave, encajado en el valle del río entre la partida del "Clot" y de "Entre-rius" forma un paisaje de roca caliza excavada por el agua dando lugar a formas serpenteantes y pequeño saltos de agua o cascadas. El más famoso de todos es "l'Engolidor" de aproximadamente 2 metros de altura. En la actualidad en el lugar se ha introducido vegetación ornamental por lo que a menudo ese puede disfrutar de bellas flores y plantas aromáticas. El río transcurre con normalidad por el paraje a partir de una pequeña azud bajo la cual reposa el agua en una balsa natural donde en verano los bañistas acuden a refrescarse, río abajo el agua siempre cristalina se pierde entre los saltos y grietas de las rocas. En las inmediaciones del lugar existe también una abrigo muy grande y poco profundo donde se practica la escalada conocido como la cueva del Campament.
 Fuente de Montí. Es una de las más apreciadas de la provincia, hecho que se demuestra con la gran cantidad de agüistas que la visitan a diario. Está enclavada en un valle en la vertiente norte de las peñas de l'Alt a unos 400 metros de altitud. Desde la fuente y la pista forestal de acceso se puede disfrutar de un paisaje excepcional.
 Fuente de la Perera. Es la que proporciona agua potable a la población, en la orilla del río Veo en la partida municipal del Pla de Benarrai.
 Azud de Tales. Hermoso paraje entre el cauce del río Veo y la ermita del Racó de Sant Francesc, alberga una zona recrativa con merenderos.
 Les Àguiles.
 Penya Negra.
 Orgues de Benitandús.

Historia
En el término municipal de Tales, se hallaron vestigios de la Época Ibérica, en su segunda mitad, pero a pesar de haberse encontrado en su zona lateral del pueblo, restos de cerámicas a mano, no se ha podido averiguar la existencia de ocupación humana.

Los orígenes de la población se corresponden con una antigua alquería musulmana que, tras ser conquistada, sería donada al noble Ximén de Foces, el noble Ximén hizo venir algunas familias de Teruel, cuyos apellidos Badenes y Marco, son de procedencia aragonesa y se arraigaron en dicha población siguiendo a través de nuestros tiempos. Una vez que se constituyó el Reino de Valencia en el año 1242, el noble aragonés Ximén de Foces, se marchó de la población de Tales al servicio personal del rey Jaime I, quien cedió la propiedad de Tales a favor de Guillém de Rocafort, noble de Urgel. La población estaba dividida en dos comunidades, una era la musulmana y la otra la cristiana, teniendo cada una su correspondiente Alcalde y Cadi (Juez). Se sabe que fue dada a repoblar por primera vez en 1248, aunque más tarde se entregaría para su nueva repoblación a Pere de Castellnou, a quién tradicionalmente se le atribuye la fundación de la actual Tales.

Tras la expulsión de los moriscos, quedó prácticamente deshabitada y fue repoblada con cristianos viejos por iniciativa del real comisario de la Orden de Montesa, Germano Garcerán. Perteneció al municipio de Onda hasta su segregación en el año 1842.

Fue escenario de importantes acciones de armas durante las guerras carlistas. Entre ellas, la más importante fue la acaecida en el año 1839, comenzó el 1 de agosto y finalizó el 14 del mismo mes, intervinieron 18.000 hombres, en que las tropas del general Cabrera (tropas Carlistas), atrincheradas en el castillo, fueron derrotadas y desalojadas por las fuerzas del general O'Donnell (tropas liberales). A raíz de esos combates, el castillo y la población de Tales quedaron arrasadas. Como recuerdo de la batalla aparece una figura alusiva en el escudo de Tales (consiste en un hombre armado con una piqueta que descarga golpes sobre los muros de su arruinado castillo en señal de destrucción).

Demografía

El municipio de Tales cuenta con 825 habitantes según el padrón municipal de 2019 publicado por el INE.
En el año 1887, Tales alcanzó su nivel máximo de población con 1.234 habitantes, posteriormente inicia un lento y progresivo descenso demográfico que llega a estabilizarse en la década de los años 2000, en los últimos tiempos está aumentando la población de forma paulatina acercándose los 900 habitantes. Como la mayoría de los pueblos de la Sierra de Espadán, Tales multiplica su población con la llegada de veraneantes que poseen o alquilan casa en el pueblo, principalmente de la Valencia, Cataluña y el área metropolitana de la provincia.

Del total de 890 personas censadas en 2011, 45 son de nacionalidad extranjera. Esto equivale a un 5,06 %, claramente inferior a la media nacional de inmigrantes que se sitúa en el 12,2 %. Los inmigrantes proceden de todos los continentes, siendo los pertenecientes a la Unión Europea (35) la colonia más numerosa, seguidos de los africanos (6), los americanos y los asiáticos (1). La nacionalidad más representativa es la rumana (33 habitantes), seguida ya en menor medida por otras como la argelina, la colombiana, la marroquí, la portuguesa y la dominicana.

Núcleos de población y partidas municipales

Ver referencia.

Economía
La agricultura de secano, algarrobos, almendros y olivos, fue hasta mediados del  el tradicional sustento económico del pueblo. A partir los años cincuenta con la llegada de nuevas infraestructuras hídricas, la agricultura de secano fue substituyéndose progresivamente por la de regadío, principalmente los cítricos.

Con el paso de los años el sector ha ido perdiendo importancia económica, siendo hoy en día una actividad casi residual ya que la población se desplaza mayoritariamente a trabajar en la industria azulejera de las localidades cercanas de Onda, Ribesalbes, Alcora y Villareal.

Administración

Resultados electorales

Entidades públicas administrativas
 Ayuntamiento de Tales.
Mancomunidad Espadà-Millars.

Servicios públicos
 Centro de Salud.
 Biblioteca Municipal.
 Salón Multifuncional.
 Local de Asociaciones.
 Ludoteca.
 Colegio Público.
 Conservatorio de Música.
 Escuela de Dulzaina y Tabal.
 Piscina Municipal.
 Campo de Fútbol.
 Frontón.
 Pista Polideportiva.
 Parque Infantil.

Monumentos y museos

Monumentos religiosos

Iglesia de San Juan Bautista. Protegida bajo la declaración de bien de relevancia local, está dedicada al patrón mayor de la población San Juan Bautista. Fue construida durante el , aunque de esa época solo se conserva la fachada y la capilla de la Virgen del Carmen, el resto es del . Tales contaba desde hace mucho tiempo atrás con una iglesia de la que se conservan aún hoy restos, no obstante el hecho de que se encontrara en la parte alta del pueblo dificultaba el acceso a los fieles, lo que motivó la construcción del templo actual.

 Convento de las Hermanas Carmelitas de la Divina Providencia.

 Racó de Sant Francesc. Se trata de un ermitorio y santuario franciscano situado en un enclave de gran valor paisajístico.

 Calvario. Es una representación de la crucifixión de Jesucristo mediante retablos cerámicos que simbolizan las XIV estaciones del viacrucis, aunque en la actualidad no se conservan todas. Está situado en una ladera en la parte alta del pueblo y cuenta con enormes ejemplares de ciprés.

 Capillas y retablos cerámicos. Tienen motivos religiosos, algunos de ellos datan del  y son de gran valor histórico-artístico.

Monumentos civiles

Castillo de Tales. Bajo la protección de la declaración de bien de interés cultural, los restos del castillo se ubican en un cerro escarpado coronando el casco urbano al borde de un acantilado. Data del  y es de origen árabe, en consonancia con el resto de castillos de la Sierra de Espadán. En su edificación, los arqueólogos han diferenciado claramente tres fases: una primera constituye el núcleo original de la construcción, posiblemente de época musulmana, la técnica constructiva empleada es la mampostería con revoco exterior de mortero de cal en la totalidad del lienzo amurallado; la segunda, también medieval y con la misma técnica constructiva está compuesta de dos torres cuadrangulares y una tercera prácticamente exenta, esta etapa incluye reformas en distintas zonas, como la apertura de ventanas; por último, la tercera fase constructiva corresponde al , durante las guerras carlistas se levantaron tres torres semicirculares, las paredes de unas habitaciones y un aljibe de tamaño medio sobre los restos de la etapa anterior, estas modificaciones se adaptaron la estructura del edificio para ser defendido por el uso de fusiles y artillería.
 Torre de Cabrera y Torre de la Muerte.

 Monumento a los dulzaineros. Monolito de piedra situado en la Plaza dels Dolçainers y construido el año 1976 en memoria y homenaje a los dulzaineros de Tales.

 El Portalet. Se trata de un ejemplo de arquitectura civil de origen árabe, está compuesto de dos arcos de medio punto que permiten el paso de una calle a otra por debajo de dos viviendas. Se cree que representa el trazado de la antigua alquería musulmana que hoy es Tales, siendo una de las posibles entradas de una antigua muralla.

 El Llavador. Es un lavadero que data del , su estructura de piedra en forma de tres arcos de herradura apuntados sostienen el tejado bajo el cual pasa la acequia que recoge las aguas del río Veo, mediante una azud aguas arriba. Se encuentra en el margen fluvial donde confluyen el barranco de Castro y el río Veo. Ha sido restaurado recientemente y se encuentra en muy buen estado de conservación.

 Horno de Cal. También denominado calera, se trata de una estructura circular de piedra en seco donde antiguamente se obtenía cal para encalar las viviendas mediante el proceso de combustión de roca caliza a altas temperaturas.

 Horno Moruno. Se trata de una construcción de piedra calcárea representativa de la antigua artesanía y los oficios del Espadán. Este horno, enclavado dentro del muro de un ribazo de piedra en seco se encuentra en perfecto estado de conservación, antiguamente se servía para la cocción y elaboración de tejas, bardos y azulejos.

 Refugios de piedra en seco.

 Acequias y molinos de origen árabe.

 Abrevaderos.

Museo Etnológico Municipal

El Museo Etnológico de Tales, declarado colección museográfica permanente por la Conselleria de Cultura, se encuentra en el casco antiguo de municipio, en uno de los edificios más antiguos del pueblo y forma parte de uno de los trece molinos que tenía el municipio en la antigüedad. El museo cuenta con tres plantas que mantienen su distribución original, su estructura es totalmente de piedra y su tejado fue reconstruido intentando reproducir con fidelidad a la arquitectura original de caña y teja. También se restauraron las escaleras respetando su forma original.
En la planta baja podemos visitar una almazara con dos prensas, la más pequeña es originaria del molino y se usaba con carácter particular para obtener de cada cosecha aceite para la familia propietaria; La otra más grande se adquirió de segunda mano cuando el molino pasó a formar parte de una sociedad integrada por 24 socios. En las plantas superiores existe una representación de lo que sería una vivienda del , así como también indumentaria tradicional, utensilios y herramientas de labranza. Todos los objetos forman parte de donaciones que en su día hicieron los vecinos de Tales.

Patrimonio cultural

Tales, pueblo de dulzaineros
Tales ha sido desde hace siglos cuna y referente del mundo de la dulzaina y el tabal, la tradición musical del pueblo es conocida a lo largo y ancho de la Comunidad Valenciana, y en especial la figura del Dolçainer de Tales. Ésta tiene su origen en una figura real que siglos atrás llevó las melodías de la dulzaina y el tabal a todos los rincones de la geografía valenciana, española y del extranjero, y ante personajes tan ilustres como los reyes.

El Dolçainer de Tales representa hoy en día la esencia de una parte de la música tradicional valenciana que continúa hoy enseñándose a adultos y niños a través de l'Escola de Dolçainers i Tabaleters de Tales. Entre las composiciones musicales de los dulzaineros de Tales encontramos géneros musicales muy variados como pasacalles, vals, marchas de procesión, polcas, habaneras, maruscas y dianas entre otras. Muchas de ellas son autóctonas de Tales, en concreto del maestro dulzainero Fran Badenes, otras tienen su origen en tierras valencianas, catalanas y aragonesas.

Han sido numerosas las citas alusivas a este mito, la obra recopilativa más destacada es el libro llamado El Dolçainer de Tales de Diego Ramia Arasa y Vicent P. Serra Fortuño, editado y publicado en 1986. Junto con el libro también se lanzó un LP con todas las melodías musicales del espectáculo teatral de Xarxa Teatre de nombre homónimo y que ha sido relanzada con motivo de su 25º aniversario.

Festividades

 San Antonio. La Matxà de Sant Antoni en valenciano, es una festividad que tiene lugar un sábado entorno el 17 de enero y en la que se venera a San Antonio Abad patrón de los animales. El origen de la fiesta se remonta a siglos atrás cuando estaba encaminada a pedir protección y fertilidad a los animales útiles para el trabajo en el campo. Consiste en encender una hoguera en la plaza de la Iglesia dónde después de la procesión se bendicen los animales y se reparte el típico rotllo, que es un tipo de pan que se hornea exclusivamente con motivo de la celebración. Los clavarios del pueblo son los encargados de organizar y costear los gastos de la fiesta, después de repartir los rotllos es tradición que inviten a las gentes del pueblo más allegadas a buñuelos, moscatel y orelletes.
Santa Águeda .

Semana Santa y Pascua. Se celebran procesiones y es tradición menjar-se la mona, és decir salir a merendar la típica mona de pascua.

El Corpus. Los niños y las niñas que toman la primera comunión hacen la procesión por las calles del pueblo parándose en cada una de las tradicionales mesas ardonadas con hermosas alfombras de hojas, pétalos y flores.

 Noche de San Juan. La Nit de Sant Joan en valenciano, se celebra en torno el 24 de junio, el pueblo organiza una cena de hermandad acompañada de una actuación musical.

 Festes de la Joventut. También denominadas Fiestas de Agosto, se celebran el penúltimo viernes de este mes en conmemoración a la degollación de San Juan Bautista, patrón mayor del pueblo, que el cristianismo celebra el 29 de agosto. Durante algo más de una semana los tradicionales bous al carrer, bous embolats, las verbenas, los pasacalles, y muchos actos más acontecen en el pueblo. Su nombre es debido a que eran los jóvenes los encargados en la antigüedad de organizar las fiestas.

 Festes de l'Església. También denominadas Fiestas Patronales, tienen lugar a lo largo de diez días a partir del primer fin de semana después de Todos los Santos. Conmemoran el traslado de la iglesia vieja a la nueva y se celebran en honor a San Juan Bautista, San Roque, Santa Bárbara y el Santísimo Sacramento. Son consideradas las fiestas mayores de la población, las procesiones y los solemnes actos religiosos se compaginan con la celebración de bous al carrer, bous embolats, orquestas, actos culturales y otros festejos. Estas celebracionen cierran la temporada taurina en la Comunidad Valenciana.

 Festa dels Dolçainers. L'Escola de Dolçainers i Tabaleters de Tales celebra su fiesta en torno el 9 de octubre, día de la Comunidad Valenciana.

Santa Cecilia. Es festejada por los músicos de la Unió Musical Talense un fin de semana en torno el 22 de noviembre, día de su festividad. Los músicos de la banda organizan cenas, conciertos, juegos populares y otros actos culturales para homenajear a su patrona.

 Fira i Mercat Tradicional de Tales. Esta feria tiene lugar a principios del mes de diciembre, en él se ofrecen mulitud de productos navideños, gastronómicos, así como artesanía local.

Gastronomía

Entre los platos típicos de la población podemos encontrar todo tipo de arroces: arroz caldoso, arroz al horno, paella de montaña, etc.; carne a la brasa, embutido, tombet de bou, carnes de caza: perdices, conejo, tordos, pajaritos, etc.; ollas: olla de la Plana, puchero, olla de cardos, olla de col, etc.; dulces y saldos: cócs, pastizos de boniato, rosquilletas, coca "mal feta", buñuelos, mona de pascua, brazo de gitano, etc.; y salsas como el ajoaceite.

Además el aceite de oliva de procedente de las localidades de la Sierra de Espadán, entre las que se encuentra Tales, es de gran calidad y por muy apreciado en el mundo gastronómico, hallándose en trámites para la obtención de la distinción de calidad denominación de origen.

Personajes célebres
José Arrando Ballester, militar decimonónico liberal.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 País Valencià, poble a poble, comarca a comarca, de Paco González Ramírez, de donde se ha extraído información con su consentimiento.
 Instituto Valenciano de Estadística

Municipios de la provincia de Castellón

Plana Baja


We propose a notion of affordance that takes into account physical quantities generated when the human body interacts with real-world objects, and introduce a learning framework that incorporates the concept of human utilities, which in our opinion provides a deeper and finer-grained account not only of object affordance but also of people's interaction with objects. Rather than defining affordance in terms of the geometric compatibility between body poses and 3D objects, we devise algorithms that employ physics-based simulation to infer the relevant forces/pressures acting on body parts. By observing the choices people make in videos (particularly in selecting a chair in which to sit) our system learns the comfort intervals of the forces exerted on body parts (while sitting). We account for people's preferences in terms of human utilities, which transcend comfort intervals to account also for meaningful tasks within scenes and spatiotemporal constraints in motion planning, such as for the purposes of robot task planning.
Please cite our paper if you use our code or data.
We thank Steven Holtzen, Siyuan Qi, Mark Edmonds, and Nishant Shukla for proofreading drafts and assistance with reviewing related work, and Chuyuan Fu for video voice overs. We also thank Professor Joseph Teran of the UCLA Math Department for useful discussions. The work reported herein was supported by DARPA SIMPLEX grant N66001-15-C-4035, ONR MURI grant N00014-16-1-2007, and DoD CDMRP grant W81XWH-15-1-0147.


Pounds to Kilograms conversion -how many lb are in 1574kg?
Converting 1574 lb to kg can be daunting task if you don't have a conversion table or the standard conversion constant to help you with the conversion process. By definition, pound is the weight nit equal to 16 oz, while Kilogram is the International Standard, SI unit for mass/weight. It is the weight equivalent to the standard weight of Sèvres found in Paris that is approx. 2.205 lb. Here is the solution for your question. You can also use the conversion chart and calculator to convert more values easily.
What is 1574 pounds (lb) in kilograms (kg)?
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text:
Height, bone density, and more can be predicted using new DNA analysis algorithm
By Rich Haridy
Height, bone density, and more...
A new computer model could accurately predict a person's height to within one inch just by analyzing their DNA
SergeyNivens/Depositphotos
View 1 Image
AI-driven diagnostic tools are undeniably on the precipice of revolutionizing how doctors treat and manage patients. The ability for machine-learning algorithms to crunch immense volumes of patient data and find patterns not visible to the eyes of human clinicians is revealing new ways to predict everything from breast cancer risk to a person's chances of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Now, a team of scientists from Michigan State University claims to have built a computer algorithm that can analyze a person's complete genome and accurately predict how tall they are with only around a one-inch (2.5-cm) margin of error. The machine-learning system was trained on a dataset of nearly 500,000 adults.
"The algorithm looks at the genetic makeup and height of each person," says Stephen Hsu, lead investigator on the project. "The computer learns from each person and ultimately produces a predictor that can determine how tall they are from their genome alone."
Two other outcomes were also programmed into this early proof-of-concept project: bone density and ultimate level of education attained. While the height predictor was the most accurate, the other two outcomes still delivered reliable results. Bone density predictions were accurate enough to identify subjects most prone to developing osteoporosis associated with very low bone density.
The strength of using a computer model to crunch the data allows the system to calculate overall risk for conditions based on tens of thousands of genetic variations. Instead of current genetic testing models, which simply examine a small handful of genetic variations, this kind of big data model can identify unique genomic patterns that humans simply do not have the capacity to identify.
The researchers suggest the accuracy of the algorithms will only improve with time and larger datasets. A broad array of serious illnesses could also be included in the model as more is learnt about our complex genetic architecture.
"While we have validated this tool for these three outcomes, we can now apply this method to predict other complex traits related to health risks such as heart disease, diabetes and breast cancer," says Hsu. "This is only the beginning."
The increasing fusion between medical research and computer science has given rise to a new collaborative kind of research called precision health. The goal is to harness modern technologies to generate new diagnostic tools that allow early detection of disease, shifting healthcare from treating symptoms after they appear to more preventative strategies. MSU is particularly focused on this new movement, with a dedicated Precision Health Program.
The new research was published in the journal Genetics.
Source: MSU
ScienceGeneticsDNABonesAlgorithmsMachine Learning
Rich Haridy
With interests in film, new media, and the new wave of psychedelic science, Rich has written for a number of online and print publications over the last decade and was Chair of the Australian Film Critics Association from 2013-2015. Since joining New Atlas Rich's interests have broadened to encompass the era-defining effects of new technology on culture and life in the 21st century.


text:
Q: PhpStorm Debugger never enters code, but page doesn't finish loading while debugger is running I am using PhpStorm on Ubuntu which I'm running on a Hyper-V machine.  I'm trying to configure the PhpStorm debugger with XDebug.  I've set a breakpoint in my code, but when I click "Start Listening for PHP Debug Connections" in PhpStorm and refresh my page, the debugger never enters my code.  The debugger must be doing something because the page in the browser stays loading, until I click Stop in PhpStorm.  If I don't click for the debugger to listen for connections, the page loads correctly.
The Debug window shows the error Remote file path '/var/www/magento2/pub/index.php' is not mapped to any file path in project, but I don't know how to get that to map correctly.  In the path mappings windows, under "Include path", it shows a bunch of paths, but the path /var/www/magento2/pub isn't there.  I can't find anywhere to add an additional path.  Could this be a permissions issue for that folder?  What permissions do I need to allow PhpStorm to map that path?
If I uncheck "use path mapping" in Preferences > Language & Framework > PHP > Servers and leave "Break at first line in PHP scripts" checked, then the debugger breaks on the first line of code, but I don't want to break until my breakpoint is hit.
If I uncheck "use path mapping" and don't check "Break at first line in PHP scripts", then I get the error Debug session was finished without being paused. It may be caused by path mappings misconfiguration or not synchronized local and remote projects.  To figure out the problem check path mappings configuration for 'mydomain.local' server at PHP|Servers or enable Break at first line in PHP scripts option (from Run menu).
Here's my XDebug configuration
zend_extension=xdebug.so

xdebug.remote_autostart=1
xdebug.remote_enable=1
xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp
xdebug.remote_host=127.0.0.1
xdebug.remote_mode=req
xdebug.remote_port=9000
xdebug.var_display_max_depth=-1
xdebug.var_display_max_children=-1
xdebug.var_display_max_data=-1
xdebug.idekey="PHPSTORM"

Update:
Here are the responses to @LazyOne's questions
1) The path to the project root is /var/www/magento2
2)
One thing here which I think may be related to the problem is that under Include Path, the /var/www/magento/pub directory is not shown.  That's what PhpStorm is referencing on that first error I described above.  It's like PhpStorm found some of my directories with PHP files, but not all of them.
3) Here is the XDebug log
Update 2:
Here is what my project looks like

Here is my Directories window

I'm assuming that the reason that all the vendor/... directories are under Excluded Folders is that they are in .gitignore.  Some of the code that I'm setting a breakpoint in is in a subdirectory of one of the vendor directories and some of the code is in a subdirectory of app/code/ (which is under Source Folders)
I added /var/www/magento2/pub to the Include Path under Settings > Languages & Frameworks > PHP.  That eliminated the error about /var/www/magento2/pub/index.php.  Now it's partially working.  If I have PhpStorm break on the first line of PHP scripts, the debugger does start as soon as I refresh my page.  However, after I step over the first line of code, I get the error PHP CS Fixer: Can not correctly run the tool with parameters... and then the debugger seems to stop working.
If I don't select Break at first line in PHP Scripts, and I put a breakpoint further into my code, I still get the same "debug session was finished without being paused" error.
I'm not sure what PHP CS Fixer is, nor do I want it to run.  Is there a way to disable that?


The inspection of offshore turbines is a critical step in long term maintenance strategies.
Offshore inspections can be performed by using ground based inspection equipment placed safely on the TP (Transition Piece) working platform. The blade inspection imaging of a complete blade can be done from the working platform, without the need of any kind of rope access work.
Ground based inspection is there for a safe and cost effective method for detailed inspection, and can be used as the preferred tool for prioritizing the next step of turbine blade maintenance. AtSite can offer specialized consultancy services within the field of detailed blade inspection, QC/QA of repairs and documentation.
The blade inspection equipment is transferred by the normal transfer vessel. By use of the davit crane the offshore equipment is loaded onto the TP in only 1 lift.


These girl's black patent boots have a decorative big bow on the side. They have a soft padded lining and leather footbed. The zip on the side makes them easy to get on and off. They also come with a free gift.


text:
Q: Why does MySQL truncate float 6.099999904632568 into 6.1 I understand that float is an approximation which depends on the precision that you want. However, I am confused as to why it converts 6.099999904632568 into 6.1. Why does it need to round it instead of stopping at its maximum precision (i.e. 6.09999990)
Is there anyway that I can force a number to be stored at its maximum precision without being rounded up?
Table info
CREATE TABLE `urls` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `gcloud_magnitude` float DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1193 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

Code to reproduce
mysql> INSERT INTO urls (url_md5, gcloud_magnitude, created_at, updated_at) VALUES ('noop', 6.099999904632568, '2018-09-16 14:57:49', '2018-09-16 14:57:49');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM urls WHERE url_md5 = 'noop'\G;
              id: 1193
         url_md5: noop
gcloud_magnitude: 6.1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Ruby interpreter parsing as float
irb(main):004:0> Url.find_by(url_md5: 'noop').gcloud_magnitude.to_f
=> 6.1

A: The value you see, 6.1, is probably a so called roundtrip output. That is the shortest output that, when parsed, will get back the same value as it was. Not all languages output floats or doubles as roundtrip, but some do, unless explicitly told otherwise. I guess Ruby is one of them.
The value 6.1, when parsed as float, gets the exact value 6.099999904632568359375, but the value 6.099999904632568, when parsed, gets the exact same value. 6.1 is the shortest output that can be generated for that particular float and when read back (parsed again), it will generate the same float.

A: The FLOAT data type in MySQL doesn't have enough precision to store the value you gave. The DOUBLE data type can do it.
Example:
mysql> create table f ( f float, d double);

mysql> insert into f values (6.099999904632568, 6.099999904632568);

mysql> select * from f;
+------+-------------------+
| f    | d                 |
+------+-------------------+
|  6.1 | 6.099999904632568 |
+------+-------------------+

FLOAT rounds the value to the precision it can store. In fact, the rounding occurs even with values with less precision that the value you used.
mysql> select * from f;
+---------+-------------------+
| f       | d                 |
+---------+-------------------+
|     6.1 | 6.099999904632568 |
|     6.1 |         6.0999999 |
|     6.1 |          6.099999 |
| 6.09999 |           6.09999 |
+---------+-------------------+

There just aren't enough bits in a 32-bit FLOAT to store unlimited precision. So it has to round off the value.
You'll find there's a limit to the precision of a DOUBLE as well. It stores values in a 64-bit format.

A: I wanted to summarize my findings as an answer.
When I save a value such as 6.099999904632568 into a float data type, MySQL represents it as 6.1. When I change the data type to decimal with precision 64 and scale 30, the 6.099999904632568 automatically appears without me updating the value.
It seems that MySQL did save the original representation of the number but there is no way to return that value as a float. When I switched the data type to decimal, MySQL knows how to represent that correctly and returns it correctly.
This is baffling to me. If MySQL knows the original representation, why can't I fetch the original value back without it being typecasted as a float. Also, since 6.099999904632568 is of a higher precision than what 4 bytes can handle, how does it store the original representation?
More questions that are unrelated to this original question.


Photo Courtesy: MindaNewsSimbang Gabi has started and so has the usual round of Christmas parties. The holiday season is upon us and so too the end of another year. For us in the Lopez Group, it had been a good year, one we can look back to and feel a sense of accomplishment… not one we would rather forget.
It had also been two years since we launched the Lopez Values across the Lopez Group. We are happy to note that more and more of our Kapamilyas not only have become familiar with these values but are also aligning these values with their own.
Some weeks ago, we held a contest that asked each of you to come up with your own holiday wish, both as a unique remembrance of the season, and as a way to communicate your hopes towards the people you consider a kapamilya. The contest rules were simple… post your wish for Christmas on our Facebook page and the one with the most number of "likes" win.
With a total of 48 likes, our 2nd runner-up is Reynald Pucio. His wish is "All I Want For Christmas is Love and Peace on Earth" Reynaldo of Bayan wins a P3,000 Christmas Gift basket.
With a total of 218 likes, our 1st runner-up is Doris Nuval. Her wish is "What I Want For Christmas is the gift of wellness for every Filipino family." Doris of the Knowledge Channel wins a P 4,000 Christmas Gift basket.
And with a total of 471 likes, our winner is Errol Jerico Samiano Inumerable. He wrote, "All I want for Christmas is to have a country that is united. We may have different cultures, beliefs, and practices but we should always bear in mind that we are all Pinoys. Let us show the world that oneness is possible in a country as diverse as ours. Let's show them the Filipino Spirit.". Errol of First Philec wins a P 6,000 Christmas Gift basket.
It is heartwarming to know that we all did our best coming up with wishes that are in line with the seven Lopez values. The entries demonstrate how each of us envisions hope for our nation's future through a deep understanding of our values. I extend my deepest gratitude to the people who took time to join our fun contest and I hope you keep your eyes peeled for future activities we have lined up.
As we take our holiday break, I wish each of you a wonderful KAPAMILYA Christmas with your families and friends. Let us all see each other again this January reinvigorated and raring to face a new year fearlessly and with positive spirit!