"Ligeti" redirects here. For other people with the surname, see Ligeti (surname).
The native form of this personal name is Ligeti György Sándor. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.
György Sándor Ligeti (/ˈlɪɡəti/; Hungarian: Ligeti György Sándor, pronounced [ˈliɡɛti ˈɟørɟ ˈʃaːndor]; 28 May 1923 – 12 June 2006) was a Hungarian-Austrian composer of contemporary classical music. He has been described as "one of the most important avant-garde composers in the latter half of the twentieth century" and "one of the most innovative and influential among progressive figures of his time".
He is best known by the public through the use of his music in film soundtracks. Although he did not directly compose any film scores, excerpts of pieces composed by him were taken and adapted for film use. The sound design of Stanley Kubrick's films, particularly the music of 2001: A Space Odyssey, drew from Ligeti's work and also contained pieces by other classical composers.
Ligeti was born in 1923 at Dicsőszentmárton (which was renamed Târnăveni in 1941), in the Romanian region of Transylvania, to Dr. Sándor Ligeti and Dr. Ilona Somogyi. His family was Hungarian Jewish. He was the grandnephew of the violinist Leopold Auer and cousin of Hungarian philosopher Ágnes Heller.
Ligeti recalled that his first exposure to languages other than Hungarian came one day while listening to a conversation among the Romanian-speaking town police. Before that he had not known that other languages existed. He moved to Cluj with his family when he was six years old. He did not return to the town of his birth until the 1990s. In 1940, Northern Transylvania was annexed by Hungary following the Second Vienna Award, and Cluj became part of Hungary.
In 1941 Ligeti received his initial musical training at the conservatory in Cluj, and during the summers privately with Pál Kadosa in Budapest. In 1944, Ligeti's education was interrupted when he was sent to a forced labor brigade by the Horthy regime during events of the Holocaust. His brother, age 16, was deported to the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp and both of his parents were sent to Auschwitz. His mother was the only other person to survive in his immediate family.
Following World War II, Ligeti returned to his studies in Budapest, graduating in 1949 from the Franz Liszt Academy of Music. He studied under Pál Kadosa, Ferenc Farkas, Zoltán Kodály and Sándor Veress. He conducted ethnomusicological research into the Hungarian folk music of Transylvania. However, after a year he returned to Franz Liszt Academy in Budapest, this time as a teacher of harmony, counterpoint and musical analysis. He had secured this position with the help of Kodály, and held it from 1950 to 1956. As a young teacher, Ligeti took the unusual step of regularly attending the lectures of an older colleague, the conductor and musicologist Lajos Bárdos. He was a conservative Christian whose circle represented a safe haven for Ligeti. The composer acknowledged Bárdos's help and advice in the prefaces to his two harmony textbooks (1954 and 1956). Due to the restrictions of the communist government, communications between Hungary and the West by then had become difficult, and Ligeti and other artists were effectively cut off from recent developments outside the Eastern Bloc.
In December 1956, two months after the Hungarian revolution was violently suppressed by the Soviet Army, Ligeti fled to Vienna with his ex-wife Vera Spitz. (They remarried in 1957 and had a son together.) He would not see Hungary again for fourteen years, when he was invited there to judge a competition in Budapest. On his rushed escape to Vienna, he left most of his Hungarian compositions in Budapest, some of which are now lost. He took only what he considered to be his most important pieces. He later said, "I considered my old music of no interest. I believed in twelve-tone music!" He eventually took Austrian citizenship in 1968.
A few weeks after arriving in Vienna, Ligeti left for Cologne. There he met several key avant-garde figures and learned more contemporary musical styles and methods. These people included the composers Karlheinz Stockhausen and Gottfried Michael Koenig, both then working on groundbreaking electronic music. During the summer, he attended the Internationale Ferienkurse für Neue Musik in Darmstadt. Ligeti worked in the Cologne Electronic Music Studio with Stockhausen and Koenig and was inspired by the sounds he heard there. However, he produced little electronic music of his own, instead concentrating on instrumental works which often contain electronic-sounding textures.
After about three years' working with them, he fell out with the Cologne School,[clarification needed] this being too dogmatic and involving much factional in-fighting: "there were [sic] a lot of political fighting because different people, like Stockhausen, like Kagel wanted to be first. And I, personally, have no ambition to be first or to be important."
Between 1961 and 1971 he was guest professor for composition in Stockholm. In 1972 he became composer-in-residence at Stanford University in the United States.
In 1973 Ligeti became professor of composition at the Hamburg Hochschule für Musik und Theater, eventually retiring in 1989. While he was living in Hamburg, his wife Vera remained in Vienna with their son, Lukas, who later also became a composer.
Invited by Walter Fink, Ligeti was the first composer featured in the annual Komponistenporträt of the Rheingau Musik Festival in 1990.
Apart from his far-reaching interest in different styles of music, from Renaissance to African music, Ligeti was also interested in literature (including the writers Lewis Carroll, Jorge Luis Borges, and Franz Kafka), painting, architecture, science, and mathematics. He was especially fascinated by the fractal geometry of Benoit Mandelbrot and the writings of Douglas Hofstadter.
Ligeti's health deteriorated after the turn of the millennium; he died in Vienna on 12 June 2006 at the age of 83. Although it was known that he had been ill for several years and had used a wheelchair for the last three years of his life, his family declined to release details of his cause of death.
Austrian Chancellor Wolfgang Schüssel and Art Secretary Franz Morak [de] both paid tribute to Ligeti. His funeral was held at the Vienna Crematorium at the Vienna Central Cemetery, with the Republic of Austria and the Republic of Hungary represented by their respective cultural affairs ministers. The ashes were buried at the cemetery in a grave dedicated to him by the City of Vienna.
He was survived by his wife Vera and son Lukas. The latter is a composer and percussionist based in the United States.
Many of Ligeti's earliest works were written for chorus and included settings of folk songs. His largest work in this period was a graduation composition for the Budapest Academy, entitled Cantata for Youth Festival, for four vocal soloists, chorus and orchestra. One of his earliest pieces now in the repertoire is his Cello Sonata, a work in two contrasting movements that were written in 1948 and 1953, respectively. It was initially banned by the Soviet-run Composer's Union and was not performed publicly for a quarter of a century.
Ligeti's earliest works are often an extension of the musical language of Béla Bartók. Even his piano cycle Musica ricercata (1953), though written according to Ligeti with a "Cartesian" approach, in which he "regarded all the music I knew and loved as being... irrelevant", the piece has been described by one biographer as from a world very close to Bartók's set of piano works, Mikrokosmos. Ligeti's set comprises eleven pieces in all. The work is based on a simple restriction: the first piece uses exclusively one pitch A, heard in multiple octaves, and only at the very end of the piece is a second note, D, heard. The second piece uses three notes (E♯, F♯, and G), the third piece uses four, and so on, so that in the final piece all twelve notes of the chromatic scale are present.
Shortly after its composition, Ligeti arranged six of the movements of Musica ricercata for wind quintet under the title 'Six Bagatelles for Wind Quintet'. The Bagatelles were performed first in 1956, but not in their entirety: the last movement was censored by the Soviets for being too 'dangerous'.
Because of Soviet censorship, his most daring works from this period, including Musica ricercata and his String Quartet No. 1 Métamorphoses nocturnes (1953–1954), were written for the 'bottom drawer'. Composed of a single movement divided into seventeen contrasting sections linked motivically, the First String Quartet is Ligeti's first work to suggest a personal style of composition. The string quartet was not performed until 1958, after he had fled Hungary for Vienna.
Upon arriving in Cologne, Ligeti began to write electronic music alongside Karlheinz Stockhausen and Gottfried Michael Koenig at the electronic studio of West German Radio (WDR). He completed only two works in this medium, however—the pieces Glissandi (1957) and Artikulation (1958)—before returning to instrumental music. A third work, originally entitled Atmosphères but later known as Pièce électronique Nr. 3, was planned, but the technical limitations of the time prevented Ligeti from realizing it completely. It was finally realised in 1996 by the Dutch composers Kees Tazelaar and Johan van Kreij of the Institute of Sonology.
Ligeti's music appears to have been subsequently influenced by his electronic experiments, and many of the sounds he created resembled electronic textures. Ligeti coined the term "micropolyphony" to describe the texture of the second movement of Apparitions (1958–59) and Atmosphères (1961). This texture is a similar to that of polyphony, except that the polyphony is obscured in a dense and rich stack of pitches. Micropolyphony can be used to create the nearly static but slowly evolving works such as Atmosphères in which the individual instruments become hidden in a complex web of sound. According to Ligeti, after Apparitions and Atmosphères, he "became famous".
With Volumina (1961–62, revised 1966) for solo organ, Ligeti continued with clusters of notes, translated into blocks of sound. In this piece, Ligeti abandoned conventional music notation, instead using diagrams to represent general pitch areas, duration, and flurries of notes.
Aventures (1962), like its companion piece Nouvelles Aventures (1962–65), is a composition for three singers and instrumental septet, to a text (of Ligeti's own devising) that is without semantic meaning. In these pieces, each singer has five roles to play, exploring five areas of emotion, and they switch from one to the other so quickly and abruptly that all five areas are present throughout the piece.
Requiem (1963–65) is a work for soprano and mezzo-soprano soloists, twenty-part chorus (four each of soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, tenor, and bass), and orchestra. Though, at about half an hour, it is the longest piece he had composed up to that point, Ligeti sets only about half of the Requiem's traditional text: the "Introitus", the "Kyrie" (a completely chromatic quasi-fugue, where the parts are a montage of melismatic, skipping micropolyphony), and the "Dies irae"—dividing the latter sequence into two parts, "De die judicii" and "Lacrimosa".
Lux Aeterna (1966) is a 16-voice a cappella piece whose text is also associated with the Latin Requiem.
Ligeti's Cello Concerto (1966), which is dedicated to Siegfried Palm, is composed of two movements: the first begins with an almost imperceptible cello which slowly shifts into static tone clusters with the orchestra before reaching a crescendo and slowly decaying, while the second is a virtuoso piece of dynamic atonal melody on the part of the cello.
Lontano (1967), for full orchestra, is another example of micropolyphony, but the overall effect is closer to harmony, with complex woven textures and opacity of the sound giving rise to a harmonious effect. It has become a standard repertoire piece.
String Quartet No. 2 (1968) consists of five movements. They differ widely from each other in their types of motion. In the first, the structure is largely broken up, as in Aventures. In the second, everything is reduced to very slow motion, and the music seems to be coming from a distance, with great lyricism. The pizzicato third movement is a machine-like studies, hard and mechanical, whereby the parts playing repeated notes create a "granulated" continuum. In the fourth, which is fast and threatening, everything that happened before is crammed together. Lastly, in strong contrast, the fifth movement spreads itself out. In each movement, the same basic configurations return, but each time their colouring or viewpoint is different, so that the overall form only really emerges when one listens to all five movements in context.
Ramifications (1968–69), completed a year before the Chamber Concerto, is scored for an ensemble of strings in twelve parts—seven violins, two violas, two cellos and a double bass—each of which may be taken by one player or several. The twelve are divided into two numerically equal groups but with the instruments in the first group tuned approximately a quarter-tone higher (four violins, a viola and a cello). As the group play, the one tuned higher inevitably tends to slide down toward the other, and both get nearer each other in pitch.
In the Chamber Concerto (1969–70), several layers, processes and kinds of movement can take place on different planes simultaneously. In spite of frequent markings of "senza tempo", the instrumentalists are not given linear freedom; Ligeti insists on keeping his texture under strict control at any given moment. The form is like a "precision mechanism". Ligeti was always fascinated by machines that do not work properly and by the world of technology and automation. The use of periodic mechanical noises, suggesting not-quite-reliable machinery, occurs in many of his works. The scoring is for flute (doubling piccolo), oboe (doubling oboe d'amore and cor anglais), clarinet, bass clarinet (doubling second clarinet), horn, trombone, harpsichord (doubling Hammond organ), piano (doubling celesta), and solo string quintet.
Most of these compositions establish timbre, rather than the traditionally-favored dimensions of pitch and rhythm, as their principal formal parameter, a practice that has come to be known as sonorism.
From the 1970s, Ligeti turned away from sonorism and began to concentrate on rhythm. Pieces such as Continuum (1968) and Clocks and Clouds (1972–73) were written before he heard the music of Steve Reich and Terry Riley in 1972. But the second of his Three Pieces for Two Pianos (1976), entitled "Self-portrait with Reich and Riley (and Chopin in the background)", commemorates this affirmation and influence. During the 1970s, he also became interested in the polyphonic pipe music of the Banda-Linda tribe from the Central African Republic, which he heard through the recordings of one of his students.
In 1977, Ligeti completed his only opera, Le Grand Macabre, thirteen years after its initial commission. Loosely based on Michel de Ghelderode's 1934 play, La balade du grand macabre, it is a work of Absurd theatre—Ligeti called it an "anti-anti-opera"—in which Death (Nekrotzar) arrives in the fictional city of Breughelland and announces that the end of the world will occur at midnight. Musically, Le Grand Macabre draws on techniques not associated with Ligeti's previous work, including quotations and pseudo-quotations of other works and the use of consonant thirds and sixths.
After Le Grand Macabre, Ligeti would abandon the use of pastiche, but would increasingly incorporate consonant harmonies (even major and minor triads) into his work, albeit not in a diatonic context.
After Le Grand Macabre, Ligeti struggled for some time to find a new style. Besides two short pieces for harpsichord, he did not complete another major work until the Trio for Violin, Horn and Piano in 1982, over four years after the opera. His music of the 1980s and 1990s continued to emphasise complex mechanical rhythms, often in a less densely chromatic idiom, tending to favour displaced major and minor triads and polymodal structures. During this time, Ligeti also began to explore alternate tuning systems through the use of natural harmonics for horns (as in the Horn Trio and Piano Concerto) and scordatura for strings (as in the Violin Concerto). Additionally, most of his works in this period are multi-movement works, rather than the extended single movements of Atmosphères and San Francisco Polyphony.
From 1985 to 2001, Ligeti completed three books of Études for piano (Book I, 1985; Book II, 1988–94; Book III, 1995–2001). Comprising eighteen compositions in all, the Études draw from a diverse range of sources, including gamelan, African polyrhythms, Béla Bartók, Conlon Nancarrow, Thelonious Monk, and Bill Evans. Book I was written as preparation for the Piano Concerto, which contains a number of similar motivic and melodic elements. Ligeti's music from the last two decades of his life is unmistakable for its rhythmic complexity. Writing about his first book of Piano Études, the composer claims this rhythmic complexity stems from two vastly different sources of inspiration: the Romantic-era piano music of Chopin and Schumann and the indigenous music of sub-Saharan Africa.
The difference between the earlier and later pieces lies in a new conception of pulse. In the earlier works, the pulse is something to be divided into two, three and so on. The effect of these different subdivisions, especially when they occur simultaneously, is to blur the aural landscape, creating the micropolyphonic effect of Ligeti's music.
On the other hand, the later music—and a few earlier pieces such as Continuum—treats the pulse as a musical atom, a common denominator, a basic unit, which cannot be divided further. Different rhythms appear through multiplications of the basic pulse, rather than divisions: this is the principle of African music seized on by Ligeti. It also appears in the music of Philip Glass, Steve Reich and others; and significantly it shares much in common with the additive rhythms of Balkan folk music, the music of Ligeti's youth. He described the music of Conlon Nancarrow, with its extremely complex explorations of polyrhythmic complexity, as "the greatest discovery since Webern and Ives... something great and important for all music history! His music is so utterly original, enjoyable, perfectly constructed, but at the same time emotional... for me it's the best music of any composer living today."
In 1988, Ligeti completed his Piano Concerto, writing that "I present my artistic credo in the Piano Concerto: I demonstrate my independence from criteria of the traditional avantgarde, as well as the fashionable postmodernism." Initial sketches of the Concerto began in 1980, but it was not until 1985 that he found a way forward and the work proceeded more quickly. The Concerto explores many of the ideas worked out in the Études but in an orchestral context.
A performance of Síppal, dobbal, nádihegedüvel by the Akros Percussion Collective with Nina Eidsheim, soprano. In this section of the piece, the percussionists play chromatic harmonicas.
In 1993, Ligeti completed his Violin Concerto after four years of work. Like the Piano Concerto, the Violin Concerto uses the wide range of techniques he had developed up until that point as well as the new ideas he was working out at the moment. Among other techniques, it uses a passacaglia, "microtonality, rapidly changing textures, comic juxtapositions... Hungarian folk melodies, Bulgarian dance rhythms, references to Medieval and Renaissance music and solo violin writing that ranges from the slow-paced and sweet-toned to the angular and fiery."
Other notable works from this period are the Viola Sonata (1994) and the Nonsense Madrigals (1988–93), a set of six a cappella compositions that set English texts from William Brighty Rands, Lewis Carroll, and Heinrich Hoffman. The third Madrigal is a setting of the English alphabet.
Ligeti's last works were the Hamburg Concerto for solo horn, four natural horns and chamber orchestra (1998–99, revised 2003, dedicated to Marie Luise Neunecker), the song cycle Síppal, dobbal, nádihegedüvel ("With Pipes, Drums, Fiddles", 2000), and the eighteenth piano étude "Canon" (2001). Additionally, after Le Grand Macabre, Ligeti planned to write a second opera, first to be based on Shakespeare's The Tempest and later on Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, but neither came to fruition.
Ligeti has been described as "together with Boulez, Berio, Stockhausen, and Cage as one of the most innovative and influential among progressive figures of his time". From about 1960, Ligeti's work became better known and respected.[clarification needed] His best-known work was written during the period from Apparitions to Lontano, which includes Atmosphères, Volumina, Aventures and Nouvelles Aventures, Requiem, Lux Aeterna, and his Cello Concerto; as well as his opera Le Grand Macabre. In recent years, his three books of piano études have also become well known and are the subject of the Inside the Score project of pianist Pierre-Laurent Aimard.
Ligeti's music is best known to the general public for its use in three films of Stanley Kubrick's, which gained him a world-wide audience. The soundtrack to 2001: A Space Odyssey includes excerpts from four of his pieces: Atmosphères, Lux Aeterna, Requiem and Aventures. Atmosphères is heard during the "Star Gate" sequence, with portions also heard in the Overture and Intermission. Lux Aeterna is heard in the moon-bus scene en route to the Tycho monolith. The Kyrie sequence of his Requiem is heard over the first three monolith encounters. An electronically altered version of Aventures, unlisted in the film credits, is heard in the cryptic final scenes. The music was used, and in some cases modified, without Ligeti's knowledge, and without full copyright clearance. When he learned about the use of his music in the film, he "successfully sued for having had his music distorted", but settled out of court. Kubrick in return sought permission and compensated Ligeti for use of his music in later films.
Lux Aeterna was used again in Peter Hyams's 1984 sequel to 2001, 2010.
A later Kubrick film, The Shining, uses small portions of Lontano for orchestra.
One motif from the second movement of Ligeti's Musica ricercata is used at pivotal moments in Kubrick's Eyes Wide Shut. At the German premiere of that film, by which time Kubrick had died, his widow was escorted by Ligeti himself.
Ligeti is also known to the public through the use of his music in other films by other directors. Lontano was also used in Martin Scorsese's 2010 psychological thriller film Shutter Island. The first movement of the Cello Concerto was used in the Michael Mann 1995 crime film Heat. The Requiem was used in the 2014 film Godzilla. The Cello Concerto and the Piano Concerto were used in Yorgos Lanthimos' 2017 film The Killing of a Sacred Deer.
His music has also been used in television and radio. Lontano, Atmosphères, and the first movement of the Cello Concerto were used in Sophie Fiennes's documentary Over Your Cities Grass Will Grow, about the German post-war artist Anselm Kiefer. Lontano, Melodien, and Volumina were used in Fit the First, Fit the Fifth, and Fit the Sixth of the radio series of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy as background music to sections of narrative from the Guide.
For Ligeti's notable students, see List of music students by teacher: K to M § György Ligeti.
Ligeti, György. 1957. "Zur III. Klaviersonate von Boulez" Die Reihe 5: "Berichte—Analyse": 38–40. English as "Some Remarks on Boulez' 3rd Piano Sonata", translated by Leo Black. Die Reihe [English edition] 5: "Reports—Analyses" (1961): 56–58.
Ligeti, György. 1958. "Pierre Boulez. Entscheidung und Automatik in der Structure 1a ". Die Reihe 4: "Junge Komponisten": 38–63. English as "Pierre Boulez: Decision and Automaticism in Structure 1a", translated by Leo Black. Die Reihe [English edition] 4: "Young Composers" (1960): 36–62.
Ligeti, György. 1960. "Wandlungen der musikalischen Form" Band 7: "Form—Raum": 5–17. English as "Metamorphoses of Musical Form", translated by Cornelius Cardew. Die Reihe [English edition] 7 "Form—Space" (1964): 5–19.
Ligeti, György. 1960. "Zustände, Ereignisse, Wandlungen: Bemerkungen zu meinem Orchesterstück Apparitions". Bilder und Blätter 11. Reprinted as "Zustände, Ereignisse, Wandlungen". Melos 34 (1967): 165–69. English as "States, Events, Transformations", translated by Jonathan W. Bernard. Perspectives of New Music 31, no. 1 (Winter 1993): 164–71.
Ligeti, György. 1978. "On Music and Politics", translated by Wes Blomster. Perspectives of New Music 16, no. 2 (Spring–Summer): 19–24. Originally published in German, in the Darmstädter Beiträge zur Neuen Musik 13 (1973): 42–46.
Ligeti, György. 1987. "A Viennese Exponent of Understatement: Personal Reflections on Friedrich Cerha", translated by Inge Goodwin. Tempo, New Series, no. 161/162: "...An Austrian Quodlibet..." (June–September): 3–5.
Ligeti, György. 1988. "On My Piano Concerto", translated by Robert Cogan. Sonus: A Journal of Investigations into Global Musical Possibilities 9, no. 1 (Fall): 8–13.
Ligeti, György, and Peter Sellars. "Le Grand Macabre: An Opera in Two Acts (Four Scenes) 1974–1977". Grand Street, no. 59: "Time" (Winter): 206–14.
Ligeti, György. 2001. Neuf essais sur la musique, translated by Catherine Fourcassié. Geneva: Contrechamps.
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Tusa, John. . "The John Tusa Interviews: Transcript of the John Tusa Interview with Gyorgy Ligeti". BBC Radio 3. www.bbc.co.uk (Accessed 23 January 2012).
Wihuri Foundation. n.d. "Wihuri Foundation for International Prizes". ( Accessed 5 March 2010).
Wilson, Peter Niklas. 1992. "Interkulturelle Fantasien: György Ligetis Klavieretüden Nr 7 und 8". Melos: Jahrbuch für zeitgenössische Musik 51 ("Klaviermusik des 20. Jahrhunderts"): 63–84.
Cuciurean, John. 2000. "A Theory of Pitch, Rhythm, and Intertextual Allusion for the Late Music of György Ligeti", Ph.D. dissertation. State University of New York at Buffalo.
Cuciurean, John. 2012. "Aspects of Harmonic Structure, Voice-Leading and Aesthetic Function in György Ligeti's In zart fliessender Bewegung." Contemporary Music Review 31/2–3: 221–38.
Drott, Eric. 2011. "Lines, Masses, Micropolyphony: Ligeti's Kyrie and the 'Crisis of the Figure'". Perspectives of New Music 49, no. 1 (Winter):4–46.
Obituary for György Ligeti, Plaistow, Stephen. The Guardian, Wednesday June 14, 2006, Retrieved June 14, 2006.
Excerpts from sound archives of Ligeti's works.
Collection of research on Ligeti's music and links to recordings.
This page was last edited on 1 April 2019, at 14:11 (UTC).


Patna High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Sanjay Kumar, J. while hearing an appeal against dismissal of application for setting aside decree of trial court in a title suit, ruled that consideration of a case and rendering of a decision must be based on appreciation of all the facts, materials and evidence on record.
Petitioner had filed a title suit against respondent for specific performance of the contract which was decreed ex-parte. Respondent's application to set aside the said decree was dismissed in default. Thereafter, she filed a miscellaneous case for the restoration of her application on the ground that she could not appear before the trial court for several months on account of her illness. A medical certificate in support of her contention was annexed with her pleadings.
The petitioner contended that the parties were litigating in another case where the respondent was appearing continuously and as such her claim of illness was false and the medical certificate had been procured fraudulently from the doctor.
The High Court noted that the trial court had not considered the witness accounts and the documents filed by appellant and respondent and the case had been allowed without proper appreciation of materials on record. The only document considered by court was the medical certificate which showed that the respondent was suffering from jaundice. The trial court had neither discussed the oral evidence of parties nor the other relevant documents on record for deciding the issues involved in the matter.


text:
Q: How to allow regex match with one character wrong I'm trying to figure out if there's an easy way to have a particular regex give matches that are correct except for one character. (Working in PHP if that matters).
For example, for the pattern 'apples', I want to find not only occurrences of "apples" but also "appxes", "opples", "applis", etc.
Is there any good way to accomplish this? Thanks in advance!

A: Use levenshtein function instead of regex. Here are the docs.
On example echo levenshtein("abcd","abce") prints out: 1.
Edit: Please also note that this function will compare strings of different lengths, so additional check could be needed. See @Vulcan's comment below.

A: I don't think regex is the right tool for this. You could do something like this instead.
$temp = str_split ("apples");
$test = str_split ("appxes");
var_dump(array_diff($temp, $test));

Output:
array(1) { [3]=> string(1) "l" } // 1 mismatch
            ^ // position   ^ //letter at mismatch

A: Your regex string:
[A-z]pples|A[A-z]ples|Ap[A-z]les|Appl[A-z]es|Appl[A-z]s|Apple[A-z]

A: you could spilt the string into X letters, and preg match X-1 from the desire preg match word.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
VA Membership Drive Recruits More Than 8,000 New Members
Categories: VA, Big Enough to Win
AFGE and its National VA Council ran a successful VA membership recruitment campaign that signed up 8,073 new members from June 1 to Sept. 30. VA employees make up the largest portion of AFGE's membership, standing at 101, 071 strong. The NVAC hit a major milestone this summer when it recruited its 100,000th dues paying member.
Membership in the VA Council has grown by 60 percent since 2007, when the VA Council ended the year with 62,486 members. Except for a small drop in 2011, enrollment has grown steadily during the past seven years.
"VA employees know that there is strength in numbers, and they see that AFGE fights on their behalf every single day to improve working conditions and give them a voice in the workplace," National VA Council President Alma L. Lee said.
Lee said she's looking forward to reaching the next target: 105,000 members.
The growth in union membership within the Department of Veterans Affairs mirrors increases occurring throughout AFGE. AFGE enrollment eclipsed 285,000 in July, following a decade of continual increases.
"This is a remarkable achievement for the VA Council and AFGE, and it's a testament to the continued strength and vitality of the labor movement in this country," AFGE National President J. David Cox Sr. said.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Strain is an alternative rock band from Gorinchem. Grooving drums, havoc wreaking guitar riffs and a melodic voice are the core of their unique sound. A few influences are System of a down, Tool and Karnivool.
At the moment, the four-headed band is playing in numerous small stages and festivals. They have also been the supporting act for alternative (Belgium) bands such as Raketkanon, The Zygoma disposal and BEAR. Strain is primarily known for their explosive live performance and it is a must see for every rock/metal fan.
Strain's first EP 'Think-O-land' (September 2013) was well received unanimously by various magazines, including Up-magazine. Now, two years later, they have recorded their second EP 'AFR' in Studio 4205. With their new EP, they want to tour intensively once again, and to put their explosive mark on every stage they go.


text:
ig.module(
    'game.entities.particle-debris-door'
)
    .requires(
        'plusplus.core.config',
        'plusplus.entities.particle-debris'
)
    .defines(function() {
        "use strict";

        var _c = ig.CONFIG;

        /**
         * Debris particle for destructable door.
         * @class
         * @extends ig.EntityParticleDebris
         * @memberof ig
         * @author Collin Hover - collinhover.com
         */
        ig.EntityParticleDebrisDoor = ig.global.EntityParticleDebrisDoor = ig.EntityParticleDebris.extend( /**@lends ig.EntityParticleDebrisDoor.prototype */ {

            /**
             * Smaller than tile size to account for offset.
             * @override
             * @default 2x2
             */
            size: {
                x: 2,
                y: 2
            },
            /**
             * @override
             * @default 2x2
             */
            offset: {
                x: 2,
                y: 2
            },

            /**
             * @override
             */
            animSheet: new ig.AnimationSheet(_c.PATH_TO_MEDIA + "door_debris.png", 6, 6),

            /**
             * @override
             * @property {Object} idle idle animation
             * @property {Object} idle.sequence random frame within sheet
             * @property {Object} idle.frameTime 3
             */
            animSettings: {
                moveX: {
                    sequence: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
                    frameTime: 3
                }
            }

        });

    });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
FLYNN, Sarah Hilda
(Service number 22/233)
Born Sarah Hilda but known as and enlisted as Hilda. Hilda Sarah on death.
49 Bishop Street, St Albans, Christchurch
B Flynn (father) 49 Bishop Street, St Albans , Christchurch. NZ
HMHS Marama
Hospital Ship Marama
NZ Army
Balkan; Egyptian; Western European; Asiatic
1914-15 Star, British War Medal, Victory Medal
Brought to the notice of the Secretary of State for War for valuable nursing Services rendered in Connection with the War. Communique of 19th August 1919.
Hospitalised 31 March 1918 to 1 April 1918
Chrstchurch
Bromley Cemetery, Christchurch
Block 20 Plot 12855
St Patrick's (Waimate) Memorial list (June 2015)
Sarah, known as Hilda, was the daughter of Bryan and Sarah (née Lynskey) Flynn and never married herself. She trained as a nurse at Hawera Hospital, and then at Waipukurau. Considered very musical (in singing and piano) she had attended Sacred Heart Convent in Timaru.
Hilda served in Egypt, assisting with evacuations from Gallipoli. Later she served on the Dunluce Castle from July 1917 to January 1918, then on the Karama from April 1918 to May 1918. Finally she returned to New Zealand on the Marama in 1918. Hilda was noted to have sent a letter to the mother of soldier James Adam Beattie in December 1917, who had died on board the Dunluce Castle. Hilda's father died before she returned to home.
Auckland War Memorial Museum Cenotaph database (May 2015); Billion Graves at http://billiongraves.com/; Paperspast; ancestry.co.au; NZ Defence Force Personnel Records (Archives NZ Ref. AABK 18805 W5557 0126505) [01 April 2016]; NZ BDM Indexes (Department of Internal Affairs) [01 April 2016]; Press, 17 September 1875, 2 November 1881, 1 October 1885, 20 December 1893, 4 December 1915, 3 April 1918, 1 December 1925, 7 January 1938, New Zealand Tablet, 18 October 1900, Timaru Herald, 6 March 1902, Oamaru Mail, 3 December 1906, Sun, 3 April 1918, Hawera & Normanby Star, 29 June 1918 (Papers Past) [01 April 2016]; Bromley Cemetery, Christchurch, burial record (Christchurch City Council) [02 April 2016]
Liz Shea, SC branch NZSG


text:
Michelle MacLaren Leaves WONDER WOMAN
The 2017 film is back at square one when it comes to directors.
By Devin Faraci Apr. 13, 2015
This afternoon it became official - Michelle MacLaren is off Wonder Woman. I had heard there was some tension behind the scenes, but I had hoped it was the good sort, the kind that leads to everybody making each other perform at their highest level. I guess not.
The official reason for her leaving is 'creative differences,' and that seems legit according to the scuttlebutt that has reached me. MacLaren and Warner Bros couldn't agree on anything - including what time period to set the movie. More than that, MacLaren had some very particular visions for the film, visions that maybe would have alienated fandom. Although perhaps Diana having a tiger sidekick/pet she could talk with would have appealed to people more than I expect.
As of now it seems like Wonder Woman is still on for a 2017 release - which means they need to get a director in there soon. I don't even know if any of the stuff they developed with MacLaren, storywise, will last. It's quite possible that whoever comes on next will start from scratch - or will basically take orders from Zack Snyder, who could be shaping up to be the driving creative force behind the DC Movieverse.
It's funny - a few weeks ago I wrote about how Wonder Woman not being officially greenlit was not a big deal. I had heard some stuff at that point about friction, but I really hoped it would all work out. MacLaren seems awesome, and I think the creative differences were just differences, not a crazy director OR an evil studio. But now we have to see who gets the gig - it simply has to be a woman. And Hollywood is not used to calling up women.
Dear Christopher Nolan: Please Don't Release TENET In July
The WONDER WOMAN 1984 Trailer Is Here To Whip Up Some Fun
Patty Jenkins Kicked Off The WONDER WOMAN 1984 Campaign A Bit Early
By Andrew Todd, May 14, 2020
Calling on the world's most time-obsessed filmmaker to wait a little bit.
By Evan Saathoff, Dec 08, 2019
Steve Trevor can't tell art from a trashcan.
By Amelia Emberwing, Jun 05, 2019
Gee, that suit looks familiar.


The ventilated facade of the school made with porcelain tile allows obtaining high resistance performances of the exterior bulding and thermal wellness of the interiors.
The Reverse collection by Floor Gres has been used in a single colour and in two different sizes (40x180 cm and 26.5x180 cm), laid in vertical and istalled with the S3 system by Florim.
The technical solution of the ventilated facade also allows obtaining a high aesthetic result and a safe installation, lowering the maintenance and heating costs.


text:
Heard Around the West
Betsy Marston March 16, 1998 From the print edition
Thundershower art
Drenching rain, slip-sliding houses on the edge of eroding cliffs, not a glimpse of sun for weeks - blame the rotten weather on Al Nino. Drunks and the unruly frustrated do. But Nino, a retired Navy man in the Southern California county of San Luis Obispo, says he's getting a little tired of complaining phone calls.
"It's always something like, 'Why are you doing this?' And I say, 'Well, I really didn't have nothing else to do,' " he told the San Jose Mercury News. At 2 a.m. recently, Nino did have something else to do, like sleep, when an angry caller woke him. "She was really mad," Nino says, and she blamed him for the foul weather in equally foul terms. Another Californian, Eliseo Niûo, says he's almost always asked when he's going to turn off the storms. He's happy to sound upbeat and authoritative: "Maybe the weekend."
The Forest Service in Tucson, Ariz., is holding firm, but politicians such as Idaho's Republican Rep. Helen Chenoweth are gunning for them. The issue is the agency's closure of a noisy and potentially dangerous gun club that sits on public land close to scenic Sabino Canyon, which is visited by more than a million people each year (HCN, 7/7/97). Nearby there's also an elementary school, a middle school and dozens of private homes, one of whose residents said there's so much gunfire it sounds "like it was Sarajevo," reports New Times. At a mid-February hearing of the House Committee on Forests and Forest Health, Chenoweth told the Forest Service its budget could be tied up if the Tucson Rod and Gun Club wasn't reopened: "You started the fight; we'll finish it," Chenoweth threatened.
"Backpedaling faster than a unicyclist on a steep slope," Republican Rep. George Nethercutt of Washington state has concluded that term limits are not such a good thing after all, reports The New York Times. "I meant it when I said six years is enough," but then he added, the issues are so complicated six years "is probably not enough." This may have surprised voters who recalled Nethercutt's promise never to become a Washington insider like the influential politico he defeated, House Speaker Thomas Foley.
Keeping Nethercutt company in the world of second thoughts is Republican Rep. Scott McInnis of Colorado. In 1992, he signed a pledge not to seek more than four terms - he seeks a fourth this year - but now says he underestimated the power of the seniority system in Congress. His pledge was "goofy," McInnis told the Grand Junction Daily Sentinel. Both McInnis and Nethercutt have some explaining to do to a lobbying group called U.S. Term Limits. It keeps tabs on politicians who break their word to get in and get out of the capitol fast. Nethercutt received $300,000 from U.S. Term Limits in 1994 after he pledged to end his congressional career in just six years. Maybe he'll give the money back.
Why isn't the U.S. Congress friendlier toward national environmental groups? A survey by Fortune magazine found that greens fail to show up among the top 25 pressure groups because they have "neither the financial nor the grassroots clout they used to." The most influential organization, the Sierra Club, ranked 37th in influence, the League of Conservation Voters showed up next, in 79th place, followed by the Environmental Defense Fund, 86th, and National Wildlife Federation, 88th. Environment Writer newsletter says that the environmentalists' lack of clout could also be attributed to outworn techniques such as buying print, TV and radio ads to promote a cause. "Maybe when they get older, they'll get better," suggests editor Bud Ward. "The American Association of Retired Persons is No. 1 on the list."
Mary Dalton is a winner, though she no longer works at a place she'd grown to know and love, the Tongass National Forest in Alaska. Concerned about timber cuts targeted for steep slopes, Dalton stepped out of her official role as forester to appeal a pending tree sale on Baranof Island in 1996. For her pains, she was suspended for 30 days and transferred to the Coronado National Forest in Arizona. But Dalton filed a grievance through the federal employee system. As part of her settlement, the 15-year veteran of the Forest Service will have the suspension wiped from her record. What's more, says Andy Stahl of the nonprofit Forest Service Employees for Environmental Ethics, which sued the agency for violating Dalton's right to free speech, the Forest Service has pledged to remove its regulation prohibiting employees from appealing sales.
There's also good news for 6-year-old Seamus Morris, a first-grader in Colorado Springs, Colo. He made the incredible mistake of sharing lemon drops with kids on the playground. School officials believed he was distributing an "unknown substance" and kicked him out. Faced with public outrage, school officials say they'll "expunge" his record. Mom Shana Morris says she's still waiting for an apology.
Department of Energy employees in Washington, D.C., may want to go; they may even have to go, but going to the bathroom could pose a risk. Trapped air in plumbing lines in one of the agency's buildings has caused problems such as "exploding urinals," reports the Washington Post. After two people were injured, the agency issued a warning to be "extremely careful when flushing."
A reader who lives in a semi-rural area tells us she recently heard that a new neighbor called the county to request the removal of a "Deer Crossing" sign on their dirt road. The reason: Too many deer were being hit by cars and she no longer wanted them to cross there.
Another reader reports that his daughter went to a local Taco Bell and ordered a taco. She asked the person behind the counter for "minimal lettuce." The counter man said he was sorry, but they only had iceberg.
Heard around the West invites readers to get involved in the column. Send any tidbits that merit sharing - small-town newspaper clips, personal anecdotes, relevant bumpersticker slogans. The definition remains loose. Heard, HCN, Box 1090, Paonia, CO 81428 or [email protected]
More from Heard Around the West
Memorial Rock; osprey survivor; fooling fish
Osprey love triangle; an urban avalanche; Arizona's 'crisis'


In 2015, the City Council prioritized efforts to improve the condition of buildings (residential and commercial) throughout the City. It was decided that City Staff would conduct a building by building assessment each year, by Ward beginning with Ward 1 in 2015.
Properties determined to have property maintenance deficiencies will receive a notification letter and report with required repairs. If you have any questions about the inspections or the work on this initiative, please call City Hall.
We appreciate all the owners who have worked with us to improve the condition of properties in town and beautify Boonville.


I'm reviewing Angular and Knockout to determine which would fit better for a variety of upcoming projects. There are already plenty of posts out there comparing AngularJS and Knockout. I have been slowly reading through all the comparisons I could find, but unfortunately I keep running into cases where the posts are too high level, miss capabilities I need, or have errors that undermine my trust in the rest of the post.
The thing is, Knockout and AngularJS are attempting to solve two different problems. One is simply an MVVM binding framework, the other is a SPA-in-a-box solution. So instead of trying to directly compare the two frameworks, I've outlined the capabilities I need and will review how well each of the frameworks meets those capabilities. Where one library does not meet a particular set of needs, I'll look at a common solution that people use with that library. Since Knockout is purely a databinding library, I expect to have to pull in others when it's time to talk about routing, modules, and unit testing, while I shouldn't have to do this as much with AngularJS.
Latest Update + Current Version as of when I added the table row.
Knockout.js External Template Engine ??
I'll explore each capability in both frameworks as well as my opinions and frustrations along the way. Then when the whole series is posted, I'll offer a final set of opinions. The plan is to post daily (weekdays) until I get to the end, so keep an eye out on the site or follow me on twitter for updates.


Spencer Savings Bank's 2017 free annual family movie nights continued in Bergen County. Hundreds of local residents and visitors enjoyed a free outdoor movie screening in Wallington, Garfield and Wood-Ridge, N.J. There were refreshments, food, games and raffles prior to the outdoor movie screening under the New Jersey summer sky. Spencer team members were on hand at all three events serving up freshly popped popcorn to the crowd. Several lucky attendees also won door prizes provided by the bank and partners.
The fun summer series was kicked off with the June 9th event in Wallington. Spencer partnered with the Wallington Lions Club and the Wallington Little League to show the 3D animated hit film from DreamWorks, Trolls, at the Wallington Little League Field. The film features the voices of Anna Kendrick, Justin Timberlake, Zooey Deschanel, Russell Brand, James Corden and Gwen Stefani.
The fun continued in Garfield, where Spencer and the Garfield YMCA presented the animated hit, Finding Dory, at the 20th Century Field on June 25th. Free bounce houses and face painting kept children entertained right up to show time.
On July 19th, Wood-Ridge and Moonachie residents also enjoyed a free movie showing at the Wood-Ridge Sports Complex. The feature film was Sing, the 3D animated hit musical comedy starring the voices of stars Matthew McConaughey, Reese Witherspoon, Seth MacFarlane and Scarlett Johansson. Spencer sponsored the event, along with the Wood-Ridge Public Education Foundation and Borough Mayor Paul Sarlo, which featured a Live DJ, games, food trucks, and more.


text:
House Democrats Introduce the Green Bank Act of 2014
Washington, D.C. – Maryland Congressman Chris Van Hollen introduced the Green Bank Act of 2014 with cosponsors Congresswoman Louise Slaughter (D-NY), Congresswoman Eleanor Holmes Norton (D-DC), Congressman Earl Blumenauer (D-OR), Congressman Jim Langevin (D-RI), Congressman Gerry Connolly (D-VA), Congressman Jim Himes (D-CT), and Congresswoman Elizabeth Esty (D-CT).
Green Bank legislation was embraced on a bipartisan basis in both the House and Senate in 2009, and eventually included as the Clean Energy Deployment Administration in the House-passed American Clean Energy and Security Act later that year. Since that time, the Green Bank movement has moved to the states.
Four states – Connecticut, New York, Vermont, and Hawaii – have now established their own state green banks, and 10 more are at various stages of exploring this forward-looking, cost-effective public policy tool. In addition to authorizing direct financing support for priority clean energy and energy efficiency projects across the United States, this legislation also recognizes and reflects the growing Green Bank movement occurring in our states by authorizing the Green Bank to partner with and provide seed funding to state clean energy financing institutions.
"Reclaiming America's leadership in the global clean energy race of the 21st century, ensuring our nation's long term energy independence, and tackling climate change has never been more critical than it is today. We can and must accomplish these vital national objectives, and creating the Green Bank will bring us one step closer to that reality," said Congressman Van Hollen. "This legislation will accelerate the development, deployment, and production of clean energy technologies across the United States."
"America should be leading the world in alternative energy development, but right now we're watching as other countries in Asia and Europe invest in renewable energy and reap the jobs and economic and environmental benefits that come with it," Congresswoman Louise Slaughter said. "Creating a Green Bank will allow us to finance the development of alternative energy in the United States, reduce our dependence on foreign oil and fossil fuels and create good-paying, high-skill jobs here at home. I'm glad my state of New York has been one of four forward-thinking states to establish its own Green Bank, and I hope that the federal government will soon follow suit."
"The Green Bank Act will promote exactly the kind of innovative, cost-effective action that has become increasingly vital to combat climate change, promote clean energy investment here at home, and give the United States a leadership position in convincing nations of the urgency of quickly pursuing energy efficient technologies worldwide," said Congresswoman Eleanor Holmes Norton.
"In order to combat and mitigate the global effects of climate change, we need to invest now," said Congressman Earl Blumenauer. "The Green Bank Act will give a jump start to the clean and sustainable energy development that will not only help us create a more livable country and planet, but will move us toward energy independence and actually increase our national security."
"Mitigating the effects of climate change and protecting our environment must be priorities for this Congress and this country, and the Green Bank Act provides a mechanism through which to do that," said Congressman Jim Langevin, energy task force chair of the Sustainable Energy and Environment Coalition. "Providing a funding stream for clean energy projects will incentivize the use of more efficient technology and simultaneously support economic development and job growth."
"Our nation must be willing to make a down payment on a sustainable future," Congressman Gerry Connolly said. "The Green Bank Act is an important tool for leveraging the public-private investment necessary to help us build a strong domestic clean and renewable energy industry for our nation. Increased energy efficiency and reduced energy costs, job creation, and addressing climate change are all benefits we can derive from the creation of a national Green Bank."
"The cheapest and cleanest energy is the energy we don't use at all. We have seen remarkable gains in the renewable and energy efficiency marketplace over the last several years, and it is important that the federal government provides incentives to allow the marketplace to continue to develop and thrive," said Congressman Jim Himes. "Connecticut's Green Bank's success in financing the development of clean energy and energy efficiency projects is a testament to the positive impact public-private partnerships can have, and I am excited to help lead the effort to establish a similar institution at the national level."
"I'm proud to join my colleagues in introducing the Green Bank Act, which will help finance critical alternative energy projects across the country. Our bill is modeled after the successful Clean Energy Finance and Investment Authority (CEFIA) in Connecticut, the nation's first green bank. Through public-private partnerships, CEFIA supports important clean energy efforts such as Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) loans to help businesses improve their energy efficiency and competitiveness, crowdsourcing residential solar projects, and clean energy initiatives for schools, YMCAs, Boys and Girls Clubs such as the Campus Efficiency Now (CEN) program. We have a great opportunity to share the innovative model that's working here in Connecticut to help folks all over the country improve our economy and our environment," said Congresswoman Elizabeth Esty.
"In 2011, we passed bipartisan legislation in Connecticut that created the nation's first state-based green bank, and I'm proud that our model is being replicated at the national level," said Connecticut Governor Dannel Malloy. "Connecticut's Green Bank has been able to attract private capital investment in clean energy deployment by leveraging public funds at a ratio of 10 to 1. If passed, the Green Bank Act of 2014 would provide our state with up to $500 million of federal investment that our green bank could leverage to attract up to $5 billion of private capital investment in our growing clean energy economy. I am thrilled to see the introduction of this bill and further thank the Connecticut delegation for their leadership and support of this effort."
For a fact sheet on the legislation, click here. To read the text of the bill, click here.
Take action on climate change
Help working families!
It's time for action on climate change!
Rep. Langevin announces openings at Job Corps
House Democrats Introduce the Green Bank Act of 20...


text:
Congress got Rs 20 crore in donations from ITC, subsidiaries in '19-20
THE INDIAN Public Congress got around Rs 20 crore in gifts from the ITC Restricted and its auxiliary organizations between April 1, 2019, and Walk 31, 2020, making it quite possibly the most noticeable corporate contributors to the great old gathering the last monetary year.
The most recent commitment report for 2019-20 shared by the Congress with the Political decision Commission (EC) shows that the ITC gave generally Rs 13 crore. Its auxiliaries ITC Infotech and Russell Credit Restricted gave Rs 4 crore and Rs 1.4 crore, individually.
Nonetheless, Discretionary Trusts keep on leftover Congress' greatest benefactors. Judicious Appointive Trust (mainly sponsored by Bharti Airtel gathering and DLF ) and Jankalyan Constituent Trust contributed generally Rs 30 crore and Rs 25 crore.
An Appointive Trust is a Segment 25 Organization that gets willful commitments, principally from corporate houses, and conveys them to ideological groups. It offers benefactors obscurity while making a political commitment. Henceforth, the ITC is the single biggest (recognizable) corporate giver of the Congress party in 2019-20.
In 2018-19, ITC and ITC Infotech gave Rs 23 crore to BJP.
An ideological group's commitment report conveys just gifts above Rs 20,000 made by people, organizations, discretionary trusts, and affiliations. The Congress has pronounced to have gotten Rs 139 crore as gifts above Rs 20,000. It is obligatory that the report, which has subtleties of the benefactor's name, address, Container number, method of installment, and the gift date, is documented with the EC consistently by September 30. The survey board at that point therefore puts these commitment articulations in the public domain.To date, the EC has shared the gift reports for 2019-20 documented by NCP, BSP, and the Congress. While the BSP has indeed proclaimed nil gifts above Rs 20,000, the NCP got nearly Rs 60 crore. Reports of BJP, TMC, CPI, and CPM are not in the public area yet.The BJP has been the greatest recipient of corporate givers throughout the previous few years. As indicated by the Relationship for Popularity based Changes, partnerships and business houses gave Rs 876.10 crore to five public gatherings in 2018-19. The greatest portion of over Rs 698 crore went to the BJP. Then again, enormous organizations and companies have been to a great extent missing from the benefactor's rundown of the Congress party. For example, ITC Restricted, according to Congress' commitment reports, hosts not gave straightforwardly to the get-together over the most recent two years.
Beside the ITC, the other corporate houses that hang out as far as their commitment in 2019-20 are HEG Ltd (Rs 3.5 crore approx), Gwalior Alcobrew from Madhya Pradesh (Rs 5 crore approx) and BG Shirke Development Ltd (Rs 4 crore).Congress pioneer Kapil Sibal, who was among the 23 chiefs who wrote to party boss Sonia Gandhi looking for changes in the gathering, is among the greatest individual benefactor to the gathering with a commitment of Rs 3 crore. Gandhi and previous PM Manmohan Singh contributed Rs 50,000 and Rs 54,000 individually.
Protests online, on ground: Uttarakhand, Bihar are watching for passports, jobs
Is your vaccine card selfie a gift for scammers?


Tony Ford, an El Paso man who had been scheduled for execution March 14, 2006 , has had his execution date stayed. District Court Judge William Moody abated the execution order because DNAtesting must be done on clothing that could clear Ford's name. The clothes will be sent to California in the next 2 weeks, and JudgeMoody says results could be in by mid-March. Ford has always maintained his innocence in the 1991 shooting death of 17-year-old Armando Murillo.
It's a good thing they are sending the evidence out of state for testing, considering all the problems with crime labs in Texas.
Read more about the case of Tony Ford.
Tony Ford's page at ALIVE.
Sign a petition for Tony Ford.


text:
package hello.sparkjava;

import static spark.Spark.*;
import static spark.SparkBase.*;
import hello.sparkjava.transformer.JsonTransformer;
import hello.sparkjava.viewmodel.HelloViewModel;

import java.util.Optional;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import spark.ModelAndView;
import spark.servlet.SparkApplication;
import spark.template.freemarker.FreeMarkerEngine;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

public class HelloWorld implements SparkApplication {

	protected static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger("app");

	@Override
	public void init() {
		staticFileLocation("/public");

		get("/", (request, response) -> {
			//System.out.println(request.queryParams("p"));

			HelloViewModel model = new HelloViewModel();
			model.setTitle("mtzw.jp");

			// The hello.ftl file is located in directory:
			// src/main/resources/spark/template/freemarker
				return new ModelAndView(model, "hello.ftl");
			}, new FreeMarkerEngine());

		post("/hello",
				(request, response) -> {
					HelloViewModel model = new Gson().fromJson(request.body(), HelloViewModel.class);
					model.setMessage(model.getValue().equals("Ping") ? "Pong!" : "Hoge...");
					return model;
				}, new JsonTransformer());
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Optional.ofNullable(System.getenv("PORT")).ifPresent(p -> {
			port(Integer.parseInt(p));
		});
	}

}


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With agency recipients of the 2014 Department of Homeland Security Award for Valor. From left: Commissioner Kerlikowske; Acting Deputy Commissioner Kevin McAleenan; Border Patrol Agent Jari Karttunen; CBP Air Interdiction Agent Carl Wegierski.
At the May 2014 CBP Valor Memorial ceremony, Commissioner Kerlikowske places a flower in a wreath to honor CBP's fallen employees. CBP Acting Deputy Commissioner Kevin McAleenan stands at right.
Commissioner Kerlikowske and CBP Advanced Training Center Assistant Director Dave Corolis, right, speak with Firearms Instructor Training Program participants at the center's firing ranges in August.
At the 2014 CBP Valor Memorial ceremony. From left: Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson; Homeland Security Deputy Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas; Commissioner Kerlikowske; Acting Deputy Commissioner Kevin McAleenan.
At CBP's Advanced Training Center in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, Commissioner Kerlikowske gives his best shot in the virtual training simulator in August.


Today, you're expected to do more with less. To help meet your key performance indicators and profitability goals, a proven game plan is key. As a manufacturer, you require flexible, scalable asset management solutions for the entire plant floor. We use a four-step process to create a customized asset management strategy that will help you avoid downtime, ease staffing burdens and get back online quickly with minimal impact on production. we offers holistic, scalable asset optimization solutions tailored to your specific needs. From individual, vendor-agnostic product repairs to comprehensive storeroom, spare parts, and repair management solutions, the Rockwell Automation asset management portfolio helps enhance the performance of your entire production environment.
Manufacturing Execution Systems Solutions provide users with an "end to end" operations platform for excellence. Using Agatos MES Solutions, manufacturers can increase operational efficiencies, quality, compliance and performance. Productivity can be improved through faster inventory turns, reduced production lead times and swifter new product introductions for faster return on investment (ROI) and enhanced customer satisfaction. These benefits are the result of the right information, at the right time, in the right context for all executions activities pertaining to operations from work order management, through task execution and performance monitoring, providing decision support for planning and optimizing your business. To reach the ultimate goal of operational excellence, Agatos provides the right steps. Agatos MES solutions offer a comprehensive, cohesive way of adopting rigorous operations management, including people, equipment, and materials. With Agatos Software you can incrementally adopt and execute MES, getting control of scale, scope and pace of change. Without the "big bang" of some applications, you can leverage a low risk, step by step implementations approach, with long term sustainability and low a total cost of ownership (TCO). Agatos MES Solutions are based on configurable software which is scalable to effectively support any size of operation, from single line or production facility up to enterprise implementations, with large or multiple plants, including those geographically distributed.
Truck Tracking System works under Milk Reception unit and keep record for every vehicle with respect to its arrival, departure and its stay time at every platform like quality assurance, MRU and CIP.
web based application allow users to operate it from any workstation. Definable quality parameters makes it more useful when it comes to detailed quality analysis.
Software to empower people to control their world through connected technology.
Provider of safety technology and electronic components for automation technology using AS-interface.
Provider of industrial automation (operator panels) and data communiction.
Siemens is one leading company that offer broad selection of products. Now we can see Siemens technology are keep developing and used almost any kind of field.
We are also partners of Siemens, Rockwell Automation and Thames-side.
We provide maintenance services for those systems that we have delievered. The engineers that have developed the system will also be part of the maintenance team.
we provide power systems, site installation, power quality studies, motors and motor controls development.
we provide solutions that link your legacy systems to your existing control systems so that data can be from anywhere to anybody in the enterprise.
Our Agatos's expert engineer is experienced on installation, commissioning and troubleshooting your electrical and instrument needs.


text:
Nokia 2.3 launched with a Price 8,199
Nokia brand smartphone maker HMD Global has launched its Android smartphone named Nokia 2.3 in the Indian market. The curtain was lifted at the beginning of the month with this phone. With this phone, the company has given a one-year replacement guarantee. The accessories offered with it will come with a 6-month warranty. The Nokia 2.3 smartphone comes with a 6.2-inch HD display and two rear cameras. This phone has a 4,000 mAh battery and a MediaTek Helio A22 processor.
More about Nokia 2.3 phone
Nokia brand phone maker HMD Global on Wednesday launched Nokia 2.3 mobile phone. The company has priced Nokia 2.3 in India at Rs 8,199. The phone will be available from December 27 on Nokia.com as well as major retail outlets across the country and its partners Croma, Reliance, Sangeeta, Purvika, Big-Sea, and My-G. The company has launched the same variant in India with 2 GB RAM and 32 GB storage.
"The Nokia-2 Series has been one of our most successful franchises in the accessible segment in India. We have given a one-year replacement guarantee on the Nokia 2.3," said Juho Sarvikas, Chief Product Officer, HMD Global in a statement. When purchased on or before March 21, 2020, the device will be available with a one-year replacement guarantee for a period of one year.
Nokia 2.3 Specifications
Nokia 2.3 specifications: In terms of specifications, the Nokia 2.3 smartphone has a 6.2-inch HD Plus display, whose screen resolution is 1520 by 720 pixels. The aspect ratio of the phone is 19: 9 and it has a waterdrop notch. The phone is powered by a quad-core MediaTek Helio A-22 processor and sports 2GB of RAM with 32GB of internal memory which can be further expanded up to 400GB using a micro SD card.
We are giving you all the information related to Nokia 2.3's price, cell offers. The company is giving a benefit of Rs 7,200 to the users. This benefit is being given on a plan of Rs 249, Rs 349. In this benefit, Jio cashback of Rs. 2,200, Cleartrip voucher worth Rs. 3000 and Zoomcar voucher is getting Rs. 2,000.
Nokia 2.3 Camera
Talking about the camera of Nokia 2.3 phone, the company has given the dual rear camera setup. It will have a 13-megapixel primary camera while a second camera with a two-megapixel depth sensor with a 2.2 aperture. 5-megapixel camera with f / 2.4 aperture for selfie and video calling. The device is Android 10 ready and will receive monthly security updates for three years and OS updates for two years. For connectivity, Nokia 2.3 has 4G LTE, Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth v5.0, GPS / A-GPS, Micro-USB (v2.0), and 3.5mm headphone jack. This phone will get a 4000 mAh battery.
Check more at nokia's official website.
Check difference between iPhone 11 vs iPhone 11 pro
Nokia 2.3 Full Specifications
Brand Nokia
157.69 x 75.41 x 8.68
Charcoal, Cyan Green, Sand
Rear camera 13-megapixel (f/2.2) + 2-megapixel
Rear flash LED
Front camera 5-megapixel (f/2.4)
Micro-USB Yes
SIM Type Nano-SIM
4G/ LTE Yes
Supports 4G in India (Band 40) Yes
Processor 2GHz quad-core (4x2GHz)
Processor make MediaTek Helio A22
Expandable storage Yes
Expandable storage type microSD
Expandable storage up to (GB) 400
Resolution 720×1520 pixels


Chelsea out of favor midfielder and England international Danny Drinkwater is in no rush to leave Chelsea in January although it appears he's not in Maurizio Sarri's plans.
Drinkwater is yet to be included in any matchday squad this season.
However, the player is eager to ensure that the next move he makes is the right one, hence the reason for no rush.
The midfielder earns around £100,000 weekly at Stamford Bridge and according to reports from Matt Law of the Telegraph, it is putting off potential suitors.
Chelsea tried to sell the player last summer but couldn't arrive at a permanent deal until the window closed.
The player also did not fancy any move down to the Championship although a good number of clubs were interested in him.
Drinkwater who is currently 28 apparently knows that his career at Chelsea is over but is insistent on making the right move.


"For a thousand years and more / We have had an understanding / You allow me to breathe / I accept your crazy raging // Sometimes, when the days get darker / Strange moods come upon you / Till you decorate your claws / With the lifeblood from my veins // Now our friendship is firmer / Getting stronger by the day / Since the raging started in me / Daily more and more like you."
Where there is a ceasefire, the first question will be: Who won?
The Arab defeat in the 1948 war brought in its wake the fall of almost all the existing Arab regimes and the ascent of a new generation of nationalist leaders, exemplified by Gamal Abd-al-Nasser. The 2009 war may bring about the fall of the current crop of Arab regimes and the ascent of a new generation of leaders – Islamic fundamentalists who hate Israel and all the West.


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MIT Tech Review Features Baidu's Deep Speech in Top 10 List of Breakthrough Technologies
MIT Tech Review released its annual Top 10 Breakthrough Technologies list this week, featuring Baidu's Deep Speech in the category of "Conversational Interfaces."
Reporter Will Knight writes: "Voice interfaces have been a dream of technologists (not to mention science fiction writers) for many decades. But in recent years, thanks to some impressive advances in machine learning, voice control has become a lot more practical."
He continues: "In November, Baidu reached an important landmark with its voice technology, announcing that its Silicon Valley lab had developed a powerful new speech recognition engine called Deep Speech 2. It consists of a very large, or 'deep,' neural network that learns to associate sounds with words and phrases as it is fed millions of examples of transcribed speech. Deep Speech 2 can recognize spoken words with stunning accuracy. In fact, the researchers found that it can sometimes transcribe snippets of Mandarin speech more accurately than a person."
Knight cites Jim Glass, a senior research scientist at MIT who has been working on voice technology, as saying: "Speech has reached a tipping point in our society. In my experience, when people can talk to a device rather than via a remote control, they want to do that."
Knight wraps up his story with a quote from Andrew Ng, Baidu chief scientist: "In the future, I would love for us to be able to talk to all of our devices and have them understand us. I hope to someday have grandchildren who are mystified at how, back in 2016, if you were to say 'Hi' to your microwave oven, it would rudely sit there and ignore you."
Other technologies featured in the Top 10 list include genetics, rockets and robotics.
MIT Tech Review: Conversational Interfaces
MIT Tech Review: Top Ten Breakthrough Technologies
Silicon Valley AI Lab Tech Notes: Around the World in 60 Days
Deep Speech Recognizes Both English and Mandarin with Single Learning Algorithm
snake5050	2017-05-22T07:07:32-08:00	March 7th, 2016|


Big Island police are warning the public about a telephone lottery scam.
A North Kohala woman reported that she received several phone calls in the last two to three weeks claiming she had won lotteries ranging from $50,000 to $6 million. The caller told her that in order to receive her prize, she was required to send $500 to cover taxes.
Police caution the public to beware of unusual requests for money.


The third week of January 2019 was another relatively quiet one in Iraq. There were few incidents, while casualties were up from the previous week.
There were 27 incidents reported in Iraq from January 22-28. 5 of those were Turkish air strikes on northern Kurdistan. That left 22 attacks by the Islamic State. Diyala had the most incidents with 9 while there were only one each in Baghdad and Ninewa. There have been 20-30 incidents per week since the end of October 2017. That started the Islamic State's hibernation during the winter.
There were 36 deaths and 31 wounded during the week. 6 Iraqi Security Forces (ISF), 15 members of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), and 15 civilians lost their lives. 1 Asayesh, 15 civilians and 15 ISF were injured as well. Salahaddin had 18 casualties with another 15 in Diyala.
There were four incidents in Anbar. Those were all in the center spread from the Fallujah district to Haditha. In the later, IS executed two farmers, and kidnapped two others. The Islamic State has been relatively quiet in Anbar since the fall, but has been more active there this month.
Baghdad is another province that IS has largely pulled back from. There was only one incident, which was a shooting in Abu Ghraib in the west. The capital used to be the main target for terrorist attacks, but that has not been true for more than a year now.
Central Iraq is where the insurgency is rebuilding. In Diyala there were 9 incidents. That included a town being attacked in Jalawla in the northeast, an army base being hit by mortar fire, and two checkpoints attacked. 6 of those attacks happened in the Abu Saida area in the center-west. In previous weeks most incidents were occurring in Khanaqin in the northeast and Muqtadiya in the center. For example, an official noted that the militants were targeting checkpoints in both districts. Now however Abu Saida is blowing up. On January 22, a local official there said IS was using the area as a base. The next day the district head told the media most of the villages in the south like Mukhisa were under insurgent control and the security forces were constantly threatened. The Diyala police chief denied that claim, and yet on January 24 local residents started a two day sit-in protest over IS violence there. January 25 the head of the Abu Saida security committee reported that the ISF began cutting off roads and would be focusing upon Mukhisa and Abu Karma. That same day a Diyala parliamentarian appealed to the prime minister to secure the district, again naming Mukhisa. The fact that IS are hitting these areas consistently shows a new level of boldness for the insurgency there. In Kirkuk, there were 3 incidents including two mukhtars who were kidnapped and freed by the security forces, and a suicide car bomb in Riyad in the south. That was the third vehicle bomb of the month. There was just one shooting in Ninewa. Finally, there were 4 incidents in Salahaddin. In Shirqat, IS laid an IED that hit a bus full of police. When other security elements arrived they were hit with a second explosion. In total, 3 police were killed, along with 1 civilian and 7 police and 5 civilians were injured. A Salahaddin councilman warned that the insurgents were still in the Hamrin Mountains that straddle the Salahaddin-Diyala border. This is one of the areas IS retreated to when the conventional war with the Iraqi government ended.


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La Bonduelle S.A. è un'azienda alimentare francese che produce insalata, piselli, carote, fondata a Marquette-lez-Lille nel 1853.

Storia

Gli inizi
Bonduelle nasce nel 1853 quando due amici, Louis Antoine Bonduelle-Dalle (1802-1880), agricoltore e produttore di olio, e Louis Lesaffre-Rousel (1802-1869), distillatore, danno vita ad una distilleria di cereali e di ginepro a Marquette-lez-Lille con il nome di "Lesaffre e Bonduelle, Alcohols of the Abbey". Nel giugno 1862 comprano la fattoria dell'abbazia cistercense di Woëstyne a Renescure, oggi soprannominata la città di Bonduelle. Nel 1901, in assenza di un accordo tra i discendenti dei fondatori nel frattempo scomparsi, la società e le sue sette fabbriche sono divise in tre imprese familiari: Bonduelle, Lemaître e Lesaffre.

Nel 1926 l'azienda agricola situata a Voestyne e di nome "Établissements Bonduelle" inizia la coltivazione dei piselli destinati ad essere inscatolati. Negli anni Trenta la crescente domanda consente l'espansione dell'azienda che da artigianale diventa industriale. Le attività sono interrotte dal 1940 fino alla fine della Seconda Guerra Mondiale, nel dopoguerra l'azienda, spinta dalla forte domanda, inizia a comprare verdure oltre alla propria produzione. Nel luglio 1947 la quarta generazione della famiglia Bonduelle sviluppa il marketing e l'integrazione verticale creando la propria rete di vendita e quindi liberandosi da quella di La Rochefortaise, un conservificio di carne che dal 1936 commercializzava i suoi prodotti. Lancia in questa occasione il proprio marchio.

La diversificazione
Negli anni Cinquanta l'azienda diversifica: fagioli verdi e bianchi in scatola, macedonia, e nel 1957, carote in scatola. Nel 1956 è lanciato anche il cassoulet, poi interrotto nel 1963 per l'alto prezzo della carne. Seguono il pesce in scatola (l'11% del fatturato nel 1961) e i pasti pronti, ma il gruppo si concentra in particolare sui vegetali..

Dal 1963 al 1974 una forte crescita industriale dipende dalle esportazioni e da nuove fabbriche create nel Sud-Ovest, nell'Oise, poi in Belgio.  La fabbrica costruita nel 1963 a Estrées-Mons diventerà all'inizio del XXI secolo la più grande fabbrica di conserve di verdure al mondo con i suoi 200.000 m²..  Nel 1968 Bonduelle inizia a surgelare verdure, creando i primi piselli nei vassoi. Sono create diverse filiali europee: in Germania nel 1969, in Italia nel 1972 e in Inghilterra nel 1973.  Nel 1973 il 50% del fatturato proviene dalle esportazioni.

Un tentativo di inscatolare le patatine nel 1973 è un fallimento:  le patatine fritte risultano infatti troppo morbide. Nel 1978 sono create a Labenne una pianta di mais dolce e un magazzino frigorifero insieme al gruppo Olano, che rimane 30 anni più tardi un partner logistico privilegiato nel Sud-Ovest della Francia (attraverso i siti di Saint-Jean-de -Luz e Ychoux per lo stoccaggio). Dal 1975 al 1984 le fabbriche Bonduelle sono ridistribuite al di là della Piccardia con l'acquisto nel 1980 della principale azienda belga conserviera di verdure, Marie Thumas, e del suo principale concorrente francese Cassegrain nel 1989.

L'internazionalizzazione
Il periodo 1985-1999 segna l'internazionalizzazione del gruppo che crea filiali in Brasile (nel 1994 per soddisfare la domanda di Carrefour, che non trova gli alimenti congelati desiderati sul posto) e in Argentina nel 1996.  Nel 1992 è acquisita la fabbrica ungherese di Nagykőrös, diventando la più grande fabbrica di mais al mondo..

Nel 2003 il gruppo si riorganizza in sei filiali: Bonduelle Frais, Bonduelle Traiteur (tramite l'acquisizione della società bretone Michel Caugant), Bonduelle Grand Public, Bonduelle Development e Bonduelle Food Service. Un anno più tardi, nel 2004, crea la Louis-Bonduelle Foundation, il cui obiettivo è cambiare il comportamento alimentare attraverso azioni di sensibilizzazione e sostegno alla ricerca.

Nel 2007 la società completa l'acquisizione del canadese Aliments Carrière (marchio Artic Gardens), leader nel settore dei prodotti ortofrutticoli e surgelati, che le ha così permesso di disporre di 39.500 ettari di terreno.. Nel 2010 rileva France Champignon, il fungo diventa il secondo vegetale di Bonduelle dopo il mais. Nel 2011 prende il controllo delle attività congelate di Allens per 15 milioni di euro.

Nel 2013 il gruppo è riorganizzato attorno a due cluster geografici (Europa e fuori Europa) e quattro aree strategiche di business (Bonduelle Europe Long Life per alimenti in scatola e surgelati, Bonduelle Fresh Europe per la ristorazione; Bonduelle Americas e Bonduelle Development).. Nel febbraio 2017 acquisisce Ready Pac Foods, una società statunitense specializzata in insalate preparate, rafforzando fortemente la sua presenza negli Stati Uniti..

Nel mese di febbraio 2018 Bonduelle annuncia l'accordo per l'acquisizione da ConAgra Brands del settore ortofrutticolo trasformato di Del Monte in Canada..

In Italia
In Italia Bonduelle produce nei suoi stabilimenti di Battipaglia, San Paolo d'Argon e Terralba.

Marchi
 Bonduelle (Europa, Russia, CSI, Canada, Stati Uniti, Brasile)
 Cassegrain (Francia)
 Arctic Gardens (Canada)
 Globus (Russia, CSI)
 Ready Pac Foods (Stati Uniti)

Prodotti

Iceberg Bonduelle
Mista Dolce Bonduelle
Mix croccante Bonduelle
Cuor di lattuga
Lattughino
Carote per insalata
Millefoglie Bonduelle
Minestrone Classico
"In pausa" riso e cous cous

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Aziende alimentari francesi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Author(s): Christian Johannessen, Ewan W. Blanch. Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess St., Manchester M1 7DN UK.
In this mini-review, the rocky road of computational ROA, from a specialist novelty item to the front line of computational chemistry, is outlined. Particular attention is paid to the computational studies of large molecular systems and solvent effects, highlighting how computational ROA is becoming an important tool in structural biology and the detailed analysis of biomacromolecules in solution.
Keywords: Computational chemistry, Raman optical activity, Polymers, Biomolecules, Conformational flexibility, Density functional theory, Molecular dynamics, Explicit solvation.
Affiliation:Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess St., Manchester M1 7DN UK.
Keywords:Computational chemistry, Raman optical activity, Polymers, Biomolecules, Conformational flexibility, Density functional theory, Molecular dynamics, Explicit solvation.
Abstract:In this mini-review, the rocky road of computational ROA, from a specialist novelty item to the front line of computational chemistry, is outlined. Particular attention is paid to the computational studies of large molecular systems and solvent effects, highlighting how computational ROA is becoming an important tool in structural biology and the detailed analysis of biomacromolecules in solution.


text:
package com.mathblotter.gui;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import javax.swing.Icon;
import javax.swing.JLabel;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.scilab.forge.jlatexmath.TeXConstants;
import org.scilab.forge.jlatexmath.TeXFormula;
import org.scilab.forge.jlatexmath.TeXIcon;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.mathblotter.parser.ASTtoTermsVisitor;
import com.mathblotter.parser.MathParserException;
import com.mathblotter.parser.PostOrderASTWalker;
import com.mathblotter.parser.javacc.MathParser;
import com.mathblotter.parser.javacc.ParseException;
import com.mathblotter.parser.javacc.SimpleNode;
import com.mathblotter.parser.terms.Term;

public class TeXUtilities {

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TeXUtilities.class);

    private MathParser parser;
    private ASTtoTermsVisitor visitor = new ASTtoTermsVisitor();
    private PostOrderASTWalker walker = new PostOrderASTWalker(visitor);

    public Icon generateTeXIcon(final String equation) {

        TeXFormula fomule = new TeXFormula(inputToLatex(equation));
        TeXIcon ti = fomule.createTeXIcon(TeXConstants.STYLE_DISPLAY, 18);
        BufferedImage b = new BufferedImage(ti.getIconWidth(), ti.getIconHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR);
        ti.paintIcon(new JLabel(), b.getGraphics(), 0, 0);

        return ti;
    }

    public String inputToLatex(String input) {
        if(!input.endsWith("\n")) {
            input = input + "\n";
        }

        if(parser == null) {
            parser = new MathParser(IOUtils.toInputStream(input));
        } else {
            parser.ReInit(IOUtils.toInputStream(input));
        }

        Term term = null;

        try {
            SimpleNode node = parser.Start();

            if(LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                node.dump("");
            }

            term = walker.walk(node);

            LOG.debug("LATEX: " + term.toLatexString());

        } catch (ParseException e) {
            LOG.debug("Parser error: {}", e.getMessage(), e);
        } catch (MathParserException e) {
            LOG.debug("Term conversion error: {}", e.getMessage(), e);
        }

        return term.toLatexString();
    }
}


text:
/** @jsx React.DOM */
var React = require('react'),
    createClass = require('create-react-class');

module.exports = createClass({
    render: function() {
        return (

                {this.props.note}
                {this.props.octave}

        );
    }
});