text:
Turnaround, Restructuring & Crisis Management
Greenfield & Brownfield projects
Automation & Digitalization
Industrial robot market to rise again in 2021-2024
Recent news for the industrial robots market hasn't been cheering, but the future for the sector looks good, with global shipments forecast to increase by over 9% in 2021, and a CAGR of 4.6% forecast for the period 2021-2024.
Automotive and electronics industry hit hard in 2019 and 2020
The combination of a global downturn in capital spending in 2019, followed by the pandemic in 2020, hit automotive and electronics—the two largest industries that rely on robotics and automation—hard. In the new industrial robot's report, Interact Analysis has highlighted the downturn for robotics by looking at their predictions made in Q3 2019 in the second edition of the report, and comparing them with revised figures made in the new third edition. The chart below shows the effect of the slow-down in 2019 on the robotics industry, when shipments fell by 5.4%, and the profounder effect of the pandemic of 2020 when they fell by 5.9%. Put more starkly, there were 80,000 unit shipments less in 2020 than previously forecast.
2.7 million robots working in factories in 2020
COVID-19 had a strong impact on 2020 but also offered a chance for modernization and digitalization of production. Robotics saw massive demand as companies in every sector sought new ways to innovate the workforce in a socially distanced world. The World Robotics report presented by the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) in September 2020 showed a record of 2.7 million industrial robots operating in factories around the world – an increase of 12%. "The stock of industrial robots operating in factories around the world today marks the highest level in history," said Milton Guerry, President of the International Federation of Robotics. Driven by the success story of smart production and automation this was a worldwide increase of about 85% within five years (2014-2019).
20% increase in robot orders in Q1 2021
Robot orders in the first quarter of 2021 were up 20 % over the same period in 2020, according to the Association for Advancing Automation. Increases in robot purchases came from companies in metals (up 86 percent), life sciences/pharmaceutical/biomed (up 72 percent), food and consumer goods (up 32 percent), and other non-automotive industries (12 percent). The strong Q1 for robot orders was the second-best start to any year on record (2017) and the second-best quarter on record for non-automotive orders, behind Q4 of 2020. "Robot sales have increased considerably as more and more companies in every industry recognize that robotics and automation can help them compete globally," said Jeff Burnstein, president of Association for Advancing Automation. "While advances in robot technology, ease of use, and new applications remain key drivers in robot adoption, worker shortages in manufacturing, warehousing, and other industries are a significant factor in the current expansion of robot use that we're now seeing."
Revenues forecast to grow of nearly 10% in 2021
The base of factory robots is expected to exceed 3.2 million units by the end of this year – double the level in 2015. Revenues are forecast to accelerate in 2021 with an increase of 9.2% in revenue terms and 9.6% in shipment terms. Thereafter there will be a steady uptick in shipments.
Different robot types to see different recovery rates
The sluggish market growth rate of articulated robots is explained by their predominant use in the automotive industry, which has been hit badly in the past two years. This downturn is predicted to continue. SCARA robots, used for light-duty pick and place and assembly operations, have suffered delayed demand in the 3C industry but are predicted to rebound swiftly as their potential for use in different applications is recognized. Market growth for Delta robots, used in the food and beverage and pharmaceutical sectors will be steady, whilst Collaborative robots are expected to show negative growth for the first time in 2020, but their growth rate is predicted to be an impressive 15-20% year-on-year up to 2028. They are currently strongly established in the electronics sector, but they are a relatively nascent technology offering the potential to be applied across a range of sectors. Cartesian robots are, like SCARA robots, used in material handling. Other applications include pick & place and packaging. Their advantage over SCARA robots is that they offer heavier payload options, and it is these that will drive their market.
Expansion into new industries
Expectations are high as more and more sectors look to robotics as the solution of choice. Flexibility, versatility, intelligence connectivity and ease of use are factors which rank highly for end-users. Industrial and non-industrial sectors only recently turning their attention to robotics include 'new energy' related areas, such as Li-ion battery, photovoltaic cell producers and wind power equipment manufacturers. There has also been a burst of interest from the metals sector and in warehousing and logistics. The latest researches show that investment in robotics in this 'new' category of industries will outstrip the growth forecast for robotics in the more traditional industries where robots have been used.
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Q: 'SyntaxError: await is only valid in async function' when using top level await feature in Node v14.14.0 I'm trying to use the new top level await that was added in Node v14.8.
See here and here for more info. I've not found a question on here about issues with using this new feature, but I hope this isn't a duplicate. The closest is @DanStarns answer on this question, but I have tried his solution as well (and his answer was before the 14.8 release).

*

*I understand that an IIFE has been one of the go-to workarounds in the past but this question is with regards to the new top level await feature and why it is throwing an error despite having been released with Node 14.8
I'm in the process of extracting my Axios instance from my controller into a standalone service. In that service file, I'm attempting to instantiate and then export an Axios instance created with a stored authorization header from Spotify's API. Since this is then imported into my controller (passed into the constructor then it exports new SpotifyApiController(SpotifyApiService)) and imports are synchronous, I am trying to use the new top level await feature to have this fully instantiated at startup/import, but getting the following error:
[nodemon] starting `babel-node bin/www.js --harmony-top-level-await --experimental-repl-await`
E:\projects\harmonic-mixing-companion\server\services\SpotifyApiService.mjs:117
var SpotifyApiService = await createApiService();
                        ^^^^^

SyntaxError: await is only valid in async function
    at wrapSafe (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:979:16)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1027:27)
    at Module._compile (E:\projects\harmonic-mixing-companion\server\node_modules\pirates\lib\index.js:99:24)
    at Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1092:10)
    at Object.newLoader [as .mjs] (E:\projects\harmonic-mixing-companion\server\node_modules\pirates\lib\index.js:104:7)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:928:32)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:769:14)
    at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:952:19)
    at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:88:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (E:\projects\harmonic-mixing-companion\server\controllers\/SpotifyApiController.js:1:1)

From the error, it looks like babel-node is transpiling my code properly since const SpotifyApiService = ... became var SpotifyApiService = .... I have also added "@babel/plugin-syntax-top-level-await" to my babel.config.json.
The service's file extension is .mjs. I have also tried setting "type": "module" in my server's package.json too, but that was unfruitful as well. Correct me if I'm wrong, but it also doesn't sound right to me for my whole backend server to be set as a module because it doesn't sound like a modular unit to me (versus a reusable SpotifyApiService).
Double checked my node's version using console.log(process.version); at the top of my main entry file and it printed the expected 14.14.0 version.

SpotifyApiController.js Snippet:
import SpotifyApiService from '../services/SpotifyApiService.mjs';
import handleHttpError from '../handlers/handleHttpError';

class SpotifyApiController {
  constructor(spotifyApiService) {
    this.spotifyApi = spotifyApiService;
  }
  ...
}

SpotifyApiService.mjs Snippet:
...
const createApiService = async () => {
  const accessToken = await authorizeApp();

  console.log(accessToken);

  const authHeader = { Authorization: `Bearer ${accessToken}` };

  const axiosInstance = axios.create({
    baseURL: 'https://api.spotify.com/v1',
    headers: authHeader,
  });

  createAuthRefreshInterceptor(axiosInstance, authorizeApp);

  return axiosInstance;
};

const SpotifyApiService = await createApiService();

export default SpotifyApiService;

package.json Dependencies:
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/cli": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/core": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/eslint-parser": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/node": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/plugin-syntax-top-level-await": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/plugin-transform-arrow-functions": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/preset-env": "~7.12.1",
    "@babel/preset-react": "~7.12.1",
    "babel-loader": "~8.1.0",
    "nodemon": "~2.0.5"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "axios": "~0.20.0",
    "axios-auth-refresh": "~3.0.0",
    "cookie-parser": "~1.4.5",
    "cors": "~2.8.5",
    "debug": "~4.2.0",
    "dotenv": "~8.2.0",
    "express": "~4.17.1",
    "querystring": "~0.2.0"
  }

Server is started with the following npm script: "dev-server": "nodemon --exec babel-node bin/www.js --ignore dist/"

A: You can wrap it in async function:
var SpotifyApiService = (async()=> await createApiService())();

After you can use than, catch

A: As the documentation indicates, babel only enables the "syntax" for this feature,

Syntax only
This plugin only enables parsing of this feature. Babel doesn't
support transforming top-level await, but you can use Rollup's
experimentalTopLevelAwait or webpack@5's experiments.topLevelAwait
options.

which just means that babel won't complain when compiling your code but it doesn't actually implement the steps that will actively transform a line such as var SpotifyApiService = await createApiService(); into valid ES5.
So anything executing your code ( browser, node ) will complain since they don't know how to handle this feature.

A: The catch is that top level await is only supported in ES modules. In other words, you either have to add "type": "module" to your package.json or rename your .js file to .mjs.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
HomePaintings Rhythm – The Endless Sound!
Shakti (Energy)
Harmony – The Resonance Of The Universe	$450.00
Rhythm – The Endless Sound!
Oil on painting paper, 26*35, 2018
Sold By : Ruchika Malhotra (India) Category: Paintings
Rhythm – that's what a singing bowl symbolizes. The rhythmic vibrations touch the inner self, thus healing and cleansing the soul. The rustic wood acquires a different character as it comes in contact with the six metal alloy and becomes a sound that carries beyond the immediate conscious – into eternity.
Be the first to review "Rhythm – The Endless Sound!" Cancel reply
Ruchika Malhotra is an Indian artist living in Singapore since 2010. Ruchika has grown up watching her mother paint the most beautiful objects of decoration for the house. She is a credit rating analyst by profession who is balancing her work commitments with her avid interest in painting.
She loves to see the world as a kaleidoscope of lights and shadows. In the busy humdrum of life, her paintings offer doors to the world of calm. Every artwork she makes is a journey where each layer brings out the play of lights and shadows. She uses the acrylic medium for vivid and highly intense subjects like her series exploring my views on what destruction we are bringing to earth and the renewal series that studies the question of hope and living. The oil medium remains her favourite, however, as it helps her to express layer by layer to bring it to life.
Her, so far short journey, began with an abstract theme, inspired by SH Raza's 'Bindu' which lends a sense of universality and fulfilment to his works. For Ruchika, search for symmetry in the abstract was akin to searching for a calming source within a confusing world, making her realise calm is within us, and it's about how we connect to the same within our soul. She has found this path in the meditational objects like the prayer wheels, temple bells and singing bowls – and she is still discovering as she understands her inner self better with each of her paintings.
2002: Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Economics, Hans Raj College, University of Delhi, India
2006: Master of Business Administration, Symbiosis Institute of International Business, Symbiosis University, India
2018: The laureates' exhibition at Arthouse Singapore
2018: Woman's day Trade fair at S&P Global office

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Philippi es una ciudad ubicada en el condado de Barbour en el estado estadounidense de Virginia Occidental. En el Censo de 2010 tenía una población de 2966 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 388,33 personas por km².

Geografía
Philippi se encuentra ubicada en las coordenadas . Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, Philippi tiene una superficie total de 7.64 km², de la cual 7.4 km² corresponden a tierra firme y (3.12%) 0.24 km² es agua.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2010, había 2966 personas residiendo en Philippi. La densidad de población era de 388,33 hab./km². De los 2966 habitantes, Philippi estaba compuesto por el 92.72% blancos, el 2.26% eran afroamericanos, el 1.08% eran amerindios, el 0.88% eran asiáticos, el 0.03% eran isleños del Pacífico, el 0.17% eran de otras razas y el 2.87% pertenecían a dos o más razas. Del total de la población el 0.67% eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Ciudades de Virginia Occidental
Localidades del condado de Barbour (Virginia Occidental)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Police issue appeal to track wanted Luton man
Arsonists target home of vulnerable man in Barton-le-Clay
Almost £2 million confiscated from Bedfordshire criminals in 2021
"Our officers and staff have yet again worked tirelessly to strip criminals of their ill-gotten gains"
By Laura Hutchinson
Updated Thursday, 23rd December 2021, 2:31 pm
Police in Bedfordshire confiscated almost £2 million from criminals in 2021.
Throughout the year the Eastern Region Special Operations Unit (ERSOU) targeted criminals and suspected illicit money to ensure no one gains financially from crime.
And £971,323 in money and assets was confiscated from crooks convicted of crimes such as drug dealing.
Almost £2 million was confiscated from Bedfordshire crooks
A further £142,984 in compensation was secured for victims who lost money through crimes such as fraud.
The amount offenders are required to pay is based on the amount they earned through criminal means, and they are required to pay whatever that have available at the time. Investigators then continually review each case, to ensure subjects continue to repay until the full outstanding amount is satisfied.
In addition, they also used civil powers under POCA to forfeit £1,015,800 in cash and accounts where it was determined that the funds had been derived from unlawful conduct.
Highlights from 2021 included:
> Three members of a Bedfordshire based organised crime group (OCG) responsible for a large-scale drug dealing operation were ordered to repay £424,968 in criminal gains. The trio had a total of £57,670 available at the time of the hearing.
> A drug dealer found with tens of thousands of pounds and a gold bar weighing one kilogramme was ordered to pay back £177,428. His available amount was assessed to be £65,539.
> A doctor jailed for staging a burglary and committing mortgage fraud worth nearly £1 million was ordered to repay the money he made illegally. He had £564,518 at the time of the hearing.
> A civil forfeiture of £494,002 following a series of linked cash and account seizures related to Bitcoin ATMs around the country. The single biggest seizure was £358,240, recovered at Luton Airport in March 2019.
Senior Financial Investigation Manager Paul Fitzsimmons, from ERSOU, said: "Throughout 2021 our officers and staff have yet again worked tirelessly to strip criminals of their ill-gotten gains and often their main motivating factor for committing crime in the first place.
"Across the region more than £6 million has been confiscated from criminals or forfeited under civil powers as we continue to maximise our use of POCA legislation. Victims have also had more than £800,000 returned to them in compensation, while we've also proactively recovered more than £2 million worth of assets on outstanding Orders.
"We're looking forward to continuing our work in 2022, demonstrating to criminals ranging from low level fraudsters to organised crime group leaders, and everything in between, that they will be made to pay."
Detective Superintendent Nick Skipworth, from Bedfordshire Police, said: "It's incredibly important that criminals and those in possession of illicit money and assets are not allowed to profit from illegal activity, and we work closely with our colleagues at ERSOU to ensure that crime doesn't pay.
"Investigations by our teams throughout the year highlight individuals who appear to be living lavish lifestyles on the back of criminality, and ERSOU's specialist investigators are relentless in their pursuit of their ill-gotten gains."
Dunstable kidnapper and stalker has his jail term extended
Luton shopkeeper carried on selling illicit tobacco while on bail
Family tribute to Luton community stalwart Bill Powers MBE
Luton's political boundaries are on the move. But how will they affect you?
Luton rapist locked victim he'd met through social media in her flat before carrying out sexual assaults over several hours


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text:
'Beats' Trailer: Netflix Coming-Of-Age Drama Sees Reclusive Musical Prodigy Try To Break Into Chicago's Music Scene
Netflix has dropped the first trailer for its upcoming coming-of-age drama film, Beats.
Directed by Chris Robinson, it is the film debut of Khalil Everage (The Chi) and also stars Anthony Anderson, Uzo Aduba, Emayatzy Corinealdi and Dave East.
The description: In this coming-of-age drama, a reclusive teenage musical prodigy (Everage) forms an unlikely friendship with a down-on-his-luck high school security guard (Anderson). United by their mutual love of hip hop, they try to free each other from the demons of their past and break into the city's music scene.
Watch the trailer below:
Uzo Aduba To Portray Shirley Chisholm In FX Limited Series, 'Mrs. America'
by Trey Mangum on May 14th 2019
POSTED IN: Film News
Emayatzy Corinealdi
Uzo Aduba


I am drawn to and into music, and I am not ashamed to admit it! My practice of promoting peace and happiness through the spirituality of sound and music has been lifelong. I listen for the music of everyday life, but I like to live true to my own pulse. In the same way a professional musician would use dynamics to enhance music, I use music to enhance my life....and I try to share as much of that as possible. I am an American living my life in two places -- Daylesford, Victoria, Australia, and Clarksdale, Mississippi, U.S.A.; and I am enjoying peace of mind...most of the time.


No Pronouncation added yet for луневич ольга Please add a pronounciation!
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text:
Ashley Priess (Illinois, 8 de marzo de 1990) es una gimnasta artística estadounidense, subcampeona mundial en 2006 en el concurso por equipos.

2006
En el Mundial celebrado en Aarhus (Dinamarca) consiguió medalla de plata en equipos, tras China y por delante de Rusia. Sus compañeras de equipo fueron: Chellsie Memmel, Alicia Sacramone, Nastia Liukin, Jana Bieger y Natasha Kelley.

Referencias

Gimnastas artísticos


Death Cab For Cutie just released their EP follow up to "Narrow Stairs" titled "The Open Door." It's quite enjoyable and nicely unpretentious. And since I've recently become a huge fan of lala.com you can get the web version of the EP for like 50 cents. Seriously, go to lala and register. Or ask me and I'll invite you. It's great. You can preview an entire album before deciding to purchase as opposed to the iTunes 30 second clips of songs. You can actually decide if you want to buy the entire album.
Check it out. I dare you. Seriously. It's a dare.
Last night the Senate Committee on Finance met to discuss the long term financial business going on in out country right now. I actually found myself glued to CSPAN (not normal).
All I could hear over the chatter of, "we'll be at less than 3% of GDP by 2011," is Joe Biden's voice ringing loudly on the night of his announcement to run with Obama, "That's not change! That's more of the same."
And team Obama/Biden did have lofty goals and promises of change. But our jacked up political system is worse than ever. Promises of abolishing Bush's Patriot Act (Obama signed to re-instate it). Promises to close Guantanimo (still operating and with more facilities now open over seas). Promises to stop wasting money overseas (now spending $18 Billion on the middle east war efforts). Promises for more transparency in the White House (still empowering the Fed to run this country and resisting pushes for the a Senate audit of the Fed).
And then last night, Obama's left-hand man, Timbo Geitner asks to give Federal Power the the "Federal" reserve.
In addition, the administration proposed the creation of a systemic risk regulator to monitor the biggest institutions. Geithner did not designate where such authority should reside, but the administration is expected to support awarding this power to the Federal Reserve.
I need not remind you that the Federal Reserve is no a Federal division of our government. They are a privately owned organization under the control of domestic and foreign banks with too much jurisdiction in our political system and zero regulation.
Luckily, there is some pushing going on to have the Fed officially audited. You can actually sign the petition here and encourage your representative to take action. I encourage you to do so. When the country is able to see how we've allowed the FR to screw with our money, so much will change for the better or our economy and for the better of our dollar's value.
*Sorry for the completely long-winded and rambling post, but it needed to be let out.
I honestly didn't know what to expect when I stepped into an IMAX theater this weekend to view Watchmen. I had not read the graphic novel and I knew very little of the overall plot of the story, but I was optimistic that I would enjoy it. And I did.
Director, Zack Snyder did a great job and all of the rolls were really well cast. And the visuals...simply amazing. It was all great. And the most amazing thing was how, even though the original novel was written over a decade ago, the social and political symbolism still hold up. Maybe, even more so today than when it was originally written.
And Warner Bros. has a great website with tons of interactive goodies on it. Check it out at the link above.
Now, I can't compare it to the book, but it's definitely a film I enjoyed and one I will see again down the road.
I was lucky enough to watch The Wrestler this weekend. It completely deserves every bit of hype it received. Mickey Rourke did a phenomenal job as lead in this film and director, Darren Aronofsky was point on in his direction of the film. Even Marisa Tomei - although naked most of the movie. We get it, Marisa. You're getting older and mostly in shape. That is not a license to be naked for hours on end - was great in her supporting role. Despite her aforementioned, over-nakedness, she really is a great actress and was perfect for the part.
The story is so well played out and the music (mostly 80's hair metal) and the ominous score added greatly to the film.
This is definitely a must-see. Not like Must-See-TV, though. Frasier wasn't really that great.
Do not trust Timothy Geitner. Do not trust the Federal Reserve and if possible, know that the Executive Branch of the government is actually succeeding in creating a non-democratic, unconstitutional, socialist (yeah I said it) state.
We are swimming in a socialist pool. It's happening.
One of my favorite songs of last year was Death Cab For Cutie's "Grapevine Fires." Lyrically, one of the most amazing songs and with the dark and droning Fender Rhodes being played behind it all, the song is sure to shake you to the core. Really, Ben Gibbard paints such an amazing picture with his words and it's absolutely gorgeous.
Well, they recently released their video for the song. Not quite what I would have imagined, but, of course, it ended up being perfectly fitting for the band and the song. Check it out here.
The folks over at Mint Blog have a pretty cool post that visually puts one trillion dollars into perspective. The above image is only one example of the many, but the best example is that one trillion dollars can only cover one-tenth of the spending for the current bailout. Awesome!
You Have Been Given Much.
Finally some people are making some damn sense. It just so happens that it's a guy from Alabama and Sen. John McCain.
Actually, Sen. Shelby (R. AL) has opposed any government intervention in free market practices since this time last year. He opposed it when Bush put it on the table and is finally (and very bluntly) saying, "Let them fail."
It's just that no one really trusts GOP voices these days and those people will be part of the reason that the value of the US Dollar will drop 25% in two years. If certain banks fail, however, we'd see an equally tough recession, but would have a few less bad decision makers around. Then, and only then, would we have something resembling stability. But, by keeping them around we are shooting ourselves in the foot. Their oh-so-publicly-well-received bonus cuts just won't be enough.
I've never been on the gold bandwagon, but it might make sense if our paper dollar holds as much worth as Angel Soft toilet tissue.


text:
package main

var tmplDataPostMenu = `
insert into {{case "SYS_POST_MENU(ID,POST_ID,MENU_ID,MEMO,CREATES,CREATER,CREATED,MODIFIER,MODIFIED)"}}
select {{uuid .driverName}},'admin',t.{{case "ID"}},t.{{case "MEMO"}},t.{{case "CREATES"}},t.{{case "CREATER"}},t.{{case "CREATED"}},t.{{case "MODIFIER"}},t.{{case "MODIFIED"}}
from {{case "SYS_MENU"}} t{{seperator}}
`

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


There is something special about medieval times and movies that capture the essence of that time are pretty rare.
We have seen many movies that didn't rise up to our expectations, but there are some that have left us totally speechless.
Portraying the medieval times amazingly with a great story, brilliant actors and thoughtful message, these movies are our absolute favorites. Here is the list of our top 3 medieval movies.
Kingdom of Heaven is one of the greatest medieval movies that we have ever seen. This is the story of a simple blacksmith named Balian.
His life changes drastically when his wife suddenly dies and he decides to join his father, Baron Godfrey, in order to participate in the crusade to Jerusalem.
He will have to go through a long and tiresome journey in order to reach his final destination.
On this journey, he will meet King Baldwin IV and his leader Guy de Lusignan, two warriors that have a pretty specific and gruesome plan.
They want to wage a war against all of the Muslims in order to achieve their personal and political goals.
The story of this movies is great, but it has an even bigger quality – the amazing insight that it provides to all of the viewers into the medieval times, the people living there and their aspirations, hopes and struggles.
If you are a medieval fan, this movie is perfect for you!
We are sure that most of the people have heard about William Wallace, a medieval Scotsman, who led the revolution against the Englishman in his homeland.
The movie Braveheart is an amazing tribute to his character and his bravery. When the love of William's life gets killed, he decides to lead the Scottish army into a series of battles.
These battles slowly become a big ward versus the English King Edward I, and the Scottish people finally have the motivation and the will to die for their country.
This is an amazingly inspirational story about a man that becomes a symbol of freedom in Scotland, a man who defies all odds and goes to the battle in order to protect his homeland. Braveheart gets the highest scores on our rating scale!
We are fairly certain that everyone is familiar with the story about King Arthur and his knights. But this movie has a little different adaptation.
King Arthur came out in 2004, and it is one of the best movies about his life and his rise to power.
It is a story about a cavalry officer that is serving for the Roman army. He is defending the Hadrian's Wall against angry and rebellious Britons.
Arthur was supposed to be relieved, but he is sent on a dangerous mission to rescue the family of Marius Honorius, a man who tortured pagans in every way possible.
It's an amazing story that has a pretty different adaptation than classic stories about King Arthur. What makes this movie great is its atmosphere and its vibe – you will almost feel like you are living in medieval times.
It's a dream come true for any medieval fan. We definitely recommend watching this movie!


text:
Thoiry is een kanton van het Franse departement Ain. Het kanton maakt deel uit van het arrondissement Gex en telde 28.309 inwoners in 2018.

Het kanton werd gevormd ingevolge het decreet van 13 februari 2014 met uitwerking op 22 maart 2015.

Gemeenten
Het kanton omvat de volgende 16 gemeenten:
 Challex
 Chevry
 Chézery-Forens
 Collonges
 Crozet
 Échenevex
 Farges
 Léaz
 Lélex
 Mijoux
 Péron
 Pougny
 Saint-Jean-de-Gonville
 Ségny
 Sergy
 Thoiry

Thoiry


December 6 is Independence Day in Finland and this time around it marks a century of independence, snatched from Russia in 1917 while that country was distracted with the small matter of a revolution. Usually the occasion is marked with a sedate and rather tedious queue of dignitaries at the President's Palace in Helsinki and the lighting of candles in windows. I'm hoping that this time things might get a little wilder, in view of the significance of the event.
This is what Finns do when they win the Ice Hockey World Championships.
It dawned on me today that I have been living in Finland for more than a third of its independent existence, having arrived laden down with luggage, a wide-eyed and innocent 26-year-old, on the Viking Line ship from Stockholm in late August 1982.
Fitting, then, that I'm writing this on the Viking Line ship from Tallinn, not quite so wide-eyed or innocent. Narrow-eyed, in fact, after a trip through the Baltics that included one or two samples of various national beverages.
Guaranteed to break the ice: the state-of-the-art Polaris icebreaker went into service in 2017, adorned with the Finland 100 logo.
Like all expats, and in spite of having lived here for my entire adult life (which didn't really start until about 1990 and which some might say has still to get going) I moan about Finland. I moan about the price of beer. I moan about how Finns, in spite of the price of beer and other drinks, go out of their way to get legless. I moan about the endless roadworks and construction sites, about how nobody says 'thanks' when I hold the door open for them. I moan about the length of the winter and how the guys with the snow ploughs pile up the snow in front of my gate. Probably unfair these days, since the guys with the ploughs are quite likely to be Estonian. About how the neighbours pile on the peer pressure by cutting their hedges immaculately while I let mine grow ragged. Nothing to do with the fact that they are Finnish, of course, and more to do with the fact that I am lazy.
The Finnish winter – beautiful, but on the long side. A view from Lapland.
Since I have also spent a large part of my professional life singing Finland's praises in books and articles and radio interviews, I feel entitled to have a go at it sometimes. Of course, if this Brexit nonsense goes through I might have to think about being a Finn myself before too long. In which case, I suppose I'll have to review my moaning strategy.
A typically healthy blue-and-white Finnish complexion.
But this week Finns are rightly taking the opportunity to celebrate all the good things about their country, and I have to own up to the fact that Finland has been pretty good to me when all is said and done. It lets me speak English most of the time for one thing. So I'm adding my voice to the chorus of congratulatory celebrations.
The Finnish sauna. Had to be mentioned.
This is a country that still has a fantastic health service which has come to the rescue of myself, my family and my friends on many occasions, at little cost, for example. It seems like a much more confident and outward-looking country than it was when I first came here. Not always as perfect as it would like to think, in spite of all those world surveys that say it's best at everything. But pretty good when you compare it to various other countries. And anyway, any country that really was perfect would have to be pretty boring.
So happy birthday, Finland, and thanks for all the opportunities you've put my way. And talking of opportunities, before the next century is up, just try to get the hang of the difference between opportunity and possibility.
Onneksi olkoon, Suomi, ja kippis!
A lamentably occasional photo blog in which I share some samples from my archives at www.timbirdphotography.com .
Did you miss me? I've been away from here for far too long but I've had lots of adventures with my camera while I've been away. I don't have a good excuse for not posting for a while apart from other creative distractions going on – more news of those to come. I shall try to make up for lost time in the coming weeks with some photo selections that I hope you'll enjoy.
I've been sifting through my archives and amazing myself at all the extraordinary things I've seen and the places I've visited since the last time I posted anything. Top of my list is the Theyyam ritual 'performance', for want of a better word, which you'll only find in the northern part of the Indian state of Kerala. This is very much a living tradition, a ritual of great significance to local people, not just staged for tourists. There are often several Theyyams being performed each night during the winter season at shrines, many of them in remote villages. Theyyams can continue through the course of a night from dusk to dawn, and sometimes even longer.
An important part of the ritual is the preparation, in which intricate make-up and elaborate costumes are applied to the 'actors', whose aim over the course of the enactment is to actually become the deity that they represent, not just play its part. The trance into which they attempt to enter is induced to the accompaniment of frenetic drumming. Only men and boys are permitted to represent the characters, and only members of the Dalit or low-caste community are allowed to serve as actors. It is a rare case of Dalits being held traditionally in great respect by members of higher castes.
I stayed near the small fishing town of Kannur and attended three different Theyyams during my visit.
Making up is very hard to do: face and body decorations preceding the Theyyam can take several hours and is a highly skilled art form in itself.
After make-up, dressing up. Costumes are very colourful, and very heavy.
A Theyyam character (there are hundreds of them) ready to 'perform'.
The character 'actors' need plenty of stamina.
Some Theyyams involve dancing and the acting out of ritual scenes.
Assistants provide support as the characters 'become' the deities they represent.
If you'd like to see more of my Theyyam photos, click here to visit a gallery on my website.
All photos produced with Fujifilm X-Series cameras and Fujinon lenses.
Please follow this blog and watch out for the next edition!
India is full of surprises. Just when you think the whole place is falling apart and there is no concern for order of any kind, you come across startling examples of method in the madness. Amritsar was my latest example of this.
It's as polluted as any city in India, more polluted than most, and the litter-strewn roads appear to be falling apart. An unhealthy haze hangs over everything. Yet when you enter the main compound of the Golden Temple, the Harmandir Sahib, you are immediately enchanted by a sense of calm and almost pristine cleanliness of a kind almost unknown on the daily outward face of India.
This is the centre of the Sikh religion, a hybrid mix of Hinduism and Islam founded by the Guru Nanak in the 15th century. The original holy book of the Sikhs, the Guru Grath Sahib, is housed in the main shrine opposite the dazzling Temple, itself positioned in the middle of a 'tank' or artificial pool approached along a canopied marble causeway, rumoured to have healing powers for those who brave its chilly water. It's a very gentle place, where verses from the holy book are chanted from loudspeakers, live ensembles of traditional musicians perform, and the tall bearded Sikh guards quietly ensure that etiquette is observed, like gentle bouncers.
The Golden Temple is well documented and photographed – understandably. It is an extraordinarily beautiful apparition. Less well documented is the refectory, the 'langar' or meal hall, where pilgrims and infidel foreign guests such as myself can sit cross-legged on the floor and eat little feasts of dal, sweet rice pudding and roti. The all-welcoming open restaurant is symbolic of the open nature of Sikhism, which shuns the caste system of its cousin Hinduism, for example.
I wandered into the huge kitchens quite unchallenged, greeted only with smiles and welcoming gestures – a dreamland for photographers accustomed to stern and grudging looks of admonishment. Vast vats of dal steamed away, the roti machine continued on its daily production of 60,000 pieces of bread, the volunteer dishwashers lined up to do their bit over troughs filled with clanking metal thali plates. And everything proceeding with the kind of clockwork efficiency that would put the Swiss to shame.
Here are six images from my very memorable visit. Since other aspects of India, such as its sometimes dodgy wifi, are holding true to form as I post this, the pictures might not appear in any logical order at first, but I hope you get the idea!


text:
Former MP and minister Robert Ghanem, 77 mourned by politicians
February 10, 2019 by yalibnan Leave a Comment
Lebanese politicians Sunday mourned the loss of former MP and minister Robert Ghanem, who died this weekend after a heart attack, according to the state-run National News Agency. He was 77.
Ghanem, the son of late Lebanese Army Commander Gen. Iskandar Ghanem was born in the Western Bekaa town of Saghbine. He served in the parliament for 22 years.
He spent 15 years in France and Europe as a lawyer and in 1992 he was elected for the Maronite parliamentary seat in Western Bekaa. He was reelected in 1996 and served as the education minister between the years 1995 and 1996.
In 2007, he was among the candidates nominated by then-Maronite patriarch Nasrallah Sfeir for the presidency.
He did not run in the 2018 parliamentary elections.
Prime Minister Saad Hariri said in a statement that with Ghanem's passing, "We are losing a dear colleague, a good friend and a distinguished parliamentarian, who added value to the legislative life of Lebanon and was an example of loyalty, humanity and good morals."
Former President Michel Suleiman tweeted that the news filled him with sadness, describing Ghanem as a "model of moderation, objectivity, conscience and integrity."
Information Minister Jamal Jarrah expressed condolences for his colleague's passing.
MP Fouad Makhzoumi also sent his condolences to Ghanem's family and friends, tweeting "Lebanon has lost a unique political and parliamentary figure who believed in and practiced democracy and coexistence in Lebanon."
MP Neemat Frem praised Ghanem as a "sober and quiet legislator," saying the country would miss his wisdom and dedication to developing Lebanese legislation.
Former PM and MP Najib Mikati reflected on his friendship with Ghanem and hailed his work in Parliament.
"In the late Robert Ghanem I found a true friend and the fulfillment of convictions and constants unchanged by time and circumstances. With his passing I lose a friend and Lebanon loses a unique parliamentary figure," Mikati tweeted.
Ghanem was born in Saghbin, Western Bekaa, the son of late Lebanese Army Commander Gen. Iskandar Ghanem.
Ghanem was a very active member of the March 14 alliance.
Filed Under: Lebanon News, Lebanon News and World News Archives


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"It's such a sweet slogan jumper. It feels so soft inside. It's easy to pop on Oscar & he looks lovely in it. It's so snuggly, perfect for wearing during Autumn."
"Double check the sizing info, Oscar is really small for his age so we went for the 18-24 month size which fits him right now."
"The quality is great, it's made from premium organic cotton here in the UK. It's a practical jumper that will last us ages, it washes easily too."
"In a cool grey, this new version of the cub sweatshirt is a great addition to your little ones wardrobe."
Whether it's teamed with leggings or jeans, this cool Icons Cub Sweatshirt looks great. In a cool grey hue and with the Cub logo, it's a wardrobe must-have for little ones.


Coming March 20, 2015. Celebrate the snow with another unique winter event. Picture yourself bundled up and cheering at the Rovaniemi Reindeer Sprint Race. Officially known as the capital of the Province of Lapland, Rovaniemi, is popularly known as the official home town of Santa Claus. Crowds gather to watch as two reindeer each pull a skier uphill at break-neck speeds in an elimination competition, in which the fastest pair in each race continues with the final winner crowned as the champion. A fun, Finnish sport worth checking out!


text:
Wien Matzleinsdorfer Platz is a commuter rail station in Favoriten, Vienna. The station is served by S-Bahn trains and regional trains that use the trunk line.

The station was opened in 1969 above Matzleinsdorfer Platz. Connections are available to tram and bus services. Vienna's first moving sidewalk was opened here to connect the station to the nearby underground tram station. The station closed temporarily on the 27th March 2021 as part of the extension of the U2 underground line. The renovation works are expected to be completed in April 2022.

Connections

Trams
1: Prater Hauptallee - Stefan-Fadinger Platz
6: Burggasse-Stadthalle - Kaiserebersdorf
18: Burggasse-Stadthalle - Schlachthausgasse
62: Oper, Karlsplatz - Lainz, Wolkersbergerstraße
WLB: Wien Oper - Baden

City Busses
14A: Neubaugasse - Reumannplatz
N6: Westbahnhof - Enkplatz
N62: Kärntner Ring, Oper - Hermesstraße

References

External links

Matzleinsdorfer Platz


text:
Q: How to do to a manual commit using Django I would like to execute a transaction to delete some values, after that, count in db and if the result is < 1, rollback, i tried the following code:
@login_required
@csrf_exempt
@transaction.atomic
def update_user_groups(request):
    if request.POST:
        userId = request.POST['userId']
        groups = request.POST.getlist('groups[]')
        result = None
        with transaction.atomic():
            try:
                GroupsUsers.objects.filter(user_id=int(userId)).delete()
                for group in groups:
                    group_user = GroupsUsers()
                    group_user.user_id = userId
                    group_user.group_id = group
                    group_user.save()
                count = UsersInAdmin.objects.all().count()
                if count < 1:
                    transaction.commit()
                else:
                    transaction.rollback()
            except Exception, e:
                result = e
    return JsonResponse(result, safe=False)

Thanks,

A: It's not possible to manually commit or rollback the transaction inside an atomic block.
Instead, you can raise an exception inside the atomic block. If the block completes, the transaction will be committed. If you raise an exception, the transaction will be rolled back. Outside the atomic block, you can catch the exception and carry on your view.
try:
    with transaction.atomic():
        do_stuff()
        if ok_to_commit():
            pass
        else:
            raise ValueError()
except ValueError:
    pass

A: I think you should give the Django documentation about db transactions another look.
The most relevant remark is the following:

Avoid catching exceptions inside atomic!
When exiting an atomic block, Django looks at whether it's exited normally or with an exception to determine whether to commit or roll back. If you catch and handle exceptions inside an atomic block, you may hide from Django the fact that a problem has happened. This can result in unexpected behavior.

Adapting the example from the docs, it looks like you should nest your try and with blocks like this:
@transaction.atomic
def update_user_groups(request):
    # set your variables

    try:
        with transaction.atomic():
            # do your for loop
            if count < 1:
                # You should probably make a more descriptive, non-generic exception
                # see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1319615/proper-way-to-declare-custom-exceptions-in-modern-python for more info
                raise Exception('Count is less than one')
    except:
        handle_exception()


"It's interesting to see people talk about 'bad' design."
Kendrick Lamar shared the artwork for his forthcoming album Damn this week and Twitter predictably turned it into a meme (we even got in on it). Following the incredible artwork that covered To Pimp A Butterfly, fans were a little underwhelmed when they saw what K.Dot was working with on his fourth album.
But Vlad Sepetov, who assisted in putting together the design, defended it on Twitter calling it "loud and abrasive" and thanked TDE for seeing "the value in making something that doesn't fit the mold."
Whether you like the cover or not, ultimately the album is gonna be judged on its content, and given that it's out tomorrow (or today, depending on your source), it won't be long until we'll potentially have to eat our own words.


Ron Polinelli, Bull Creek WA.
Wendy Brodie, Julia Creek QLD; Suzanne Fox, Kenmore QLD; Joan Greenwood, Seymour VIC; Pamela Wilson, Christchurch NZ.
Vianney Clough, Blacks Beach QLD; Kaye Dunlop, Ballarat VIC; Jypsyn McLean, Titahi Bay NZ; Margaret Stone, Yakamia WA; Catherine Swift, Stokes Valley NZ.
John Bach, Surfers Paradise QLD; Kym Broome, Lang Lang VIC; Melanie Cooper, Longburn NZ; Albert Fletcher, Newland NZ; Caroline Thwaites, Mount Isa QLD.
Bev Albrecht, Homestead QLD; Heather Allen, Ballan VIC; Adam Assaf, Doyalson NSW; Val Bentzen, Bribie Island QLD; Robyn Best, Stirling WA; Amanda Bown, Lindendale NSW; Esther Brookshaw, Kaikoura NZ; Leonardus Byster, Kangaroo Flat VIC; Janice Campbell, Koraleigh NSW; Jocelyn Campbell, Stafford QLD; Delwyn Carswell, Benalla VIC; Beverley Childs, Robina QLD; Carmel Crilley, Wynnum West QLD; Colin Dallimore, Napier NZ; June Drury, Leongatha VIC; Kellie Dwight, Turondale NSW; Natalie Edgeley, Thornlands QLD; Kim Engel, Hawthorne QLD; Chrissie Ford, Cairns QLD; Sharon Frame, Chifley NSW; Alexander Fyfe, Greenway ACT; Elizabeth Hadley, Avondale NZ; Lucy Hind, Capalaba QLD; Nicola Holmes, Morningside NZ; Michelle Jordan, Dromana VIC; Helen LeMarquand, Otumoetai NZ; Helen Levin, Papatotetoe NZ; Elspeth Lowans, Papatoetoe NZ; Margaret Lovegrove, Raymond Terrace NSW; Christina Madden, Nambour QLD; Andrew Main, Eaton WA; Sidney McLeish, Kelso NSW; Nicole Michalski, Montmorency VIC; Heather Morris, Otumoetai NZ; Elizabeth Mulcahy, West Hobart TAS; Marina Paniz, Thornbury VIC; Michelle Rathman, Windsor Gardens SA; Beryl Salmond, Stoke NZ; Martha Schaare, Christchurch NZ; Noela Staines, Hervey Bay QLD; Sheryl Stretch, Titahi Bay NZ; Zygmunt Szadkowski, Torohanga Lower Hutt NZ; Brian Turner, Rai Valley NZ; Len Wade, Buderim QLD; Esther Waingent, Hastings VIC; Ann Wiles, Lake Haven NSW; Sheila Williams, Hastings VIC; Annette Willing, Jerrabomberra NSW; Elizabeth Willison, Budgewoi NSW; Norma Young, St Andrews NZ.


text:
NOTICE to Public Servants
As posted at www.NoMoreSerfs.com (unfortunately no longer available)
by David Layton Wilson
On the night of December 23, 1913 the United States Congress passed the Federal Reserve Act and thereby committed the greatest act of TREASON in history. It surrendered this nation's sovereignty and sold the American people into slavery to a cabal of arch-charlatan international bankers who proceeded to plunder, bankrupt, and conquer this nation with a money swindle.
The "money" the banks issue is merely bookkeeping entries. It cost them nothing and is not backed by their wealth, efforts, property, or risk. It is not redeemable except in more debt paper. The Federal Reserve Act forced us to pay compound interest on thin air. We now use worthless "notes" backed by our own credit that we cannot own and are made subject to compelled performance for the "privilege".
From 1913 until 1933, the United States paid the "interest" with more and more gold. The structured inevitability soon transpired: the Treasury was empty, the debt was greater than ever, and the United States declared bankruptcy. In exchange for using notes belonging to bankers who create them out of nothing on our own credit, we are forced to repay in substance (labor, property, land, businesses, resources – life) in ever-increasing amounts. This may be the greatest heist and fraud of all time.
When a government goes bankrupt, it loses its sovereignty. In 1933 the United States declared bankruptcy, as expressed in Roosevelt's Executive Orders 6073, 6102, 6111, and 6260, House Joint Resolution 192 of June 5, 1933, confirmed in Perry v. United States, (1935) 294 U.S. 330-381, 79 L.Ed 912, as well as 31 USC 5112, 5119, and 12 USC 95A.
The bankrupt United States went into receivership, reorganized in favor of 115 creditors and new owners. In 1913, Congress turned over America… lock, stock and barrel to a handful of criminals whose avowed intent from the beginning was to plunder, bankrupt, conquer, and enslave the people of the United States of America and eliminate this nation from the face of the earth. The goal was, and is, to absorb America into a one-world private commercial government, a "New World Order."
With the Erie R.R. v Tompkins case of 1938, the Supreme Court confirmed their success. We are now in an international private commercial jurisdiction in colorable admiralty-maritime under the Law Merchant. We have been conned and betrayed out of our sovereignty, rights, property, freedom, common law, Article III Courts, and our Republic. The Bill of Rights has been statutized into "civil rights" in commerce.
America has been stolen. We have been made slaves, i.e. permanent debtors, bankrupt, in legal incapacity, rendered commercial "persons," "residents," and corporate franchisees known as "citizens of the United States" under the so-called "14th Amendment." Said "Amendment," which was never ratified – see Congressional Record, June 13, 1967; Dyett v. Turner, (1968) 439 P2d 266, 267; State v. Phillips, 1975 (affirmed) – created a citizenship for corporations, abstract statutory entities which are the products and definitions of the legislature and are fully taxable and regulatable thereby. Thomas Jefferson's prophecy has come to pass: "If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of currency… the banks… will deprive the people of all property until their children will wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered."
Since 1933 what is called the "United States Government" is a privately owned corporation of the Federal Reserve/International Monetary Fund. It is merely an instrument whereby the banksters administer their ongoing subjugation and plunder of what was once considered "the last great hope of human freedom." All "public servants," officials, Congressmen, politicians, judges, attorneys, law enforcement officers, States and their various agencies, etc., are the express agents of these foreign principals – see Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938; 22 USC 286 et seq, 263A, 185G, 267J, 611(C) (ii) & (iii); Treasury Delegation Order #91 – who have stolen the country by clever, intentional, and unrelenting fraud, trickery, treachery, non-disclosure, mis-representation, intrigue, coercion, conspiracy, murder (example: the murder of President John F. Kennedy and the continuing cover-up), etc. If there is a greater tragedy in human history it is hard to know what it is.
An insidious aspect of this is that "officials" like you may think you are "public servants," or upholding the "law," or other hoaxes. In truth you are conscientiously and assiduously serving the archenemies of yourselves, your own rights, your fellow citizens, human rights, life, and freedom in general. YOU are seditiously administering the plunder, bankruptcy, conquest, destruction, dismantling, and elimination of your country. YOU are systematically defrauding, extorting, impoverishing, and injuring human life on the basis of crimes and lies of such magnitude, depth, and proportions as to be beyond human comprehension.
By so doing, you are committing TREASON and PERFIDY so immense as "to make the angels weep. " If you and your fellow "officials" do not understand the real situation, you are ignorant, naive, deceived, and conned. You are sheer dupes. If you do know and are parties to it, you are guilty of evil and heinous BETRAYAL. You are in such case TRAITORS and CRIMINALS. All of you "in power" are therefore, either fools or knaves, either of which eminently invalidates your "authority" and renders null and void absolutely all-moral obligation to pay allegiance or to obey the TREASONOUS SYSTEM you enforce with such mechanical viciousness.
If, you, "public servants" had any shred left of humanity, awe, heart, clarity, sanity, access to your true being and conscience, you would instantly resign and do everything possible to inform the American people of their plight and help us retrieve our rights and our country. Only by such means can you even begin to atone for your endless crimes against humanity, the lives you so arrogantly and mindlessly butcher with the "meat-grinder of the law."
You DID NOT CREATE the lives you "legally" assault; they DO NOT belong to you. Ignorance of the law – moral and natural law – is no excuse. You cannot engage in bringing harm to life and, like the Nazi's defense at Nuremberg, presume that because you do so under the "authority" of an imaginary, abstract, unreal legal fiction called "government" you are freed of the consequences of your acts. Moral and natural law are not obviated by ignorance, hubris and self-righteous militancy. Your entire system – from the ground up – is deceit and fraud. It is illicit in essence and ab initio. As Broom's Maxims 297, 729 put it: "A right of action cannot arise out of fraud." Honor is earned by honesty and integrity, not under false and fraudulent pretenses. The color of the cloth one wears cannot cover up the usurpations, lies, and treachery. "When black is fraudulently declared to be white, not all will live in darkness."
More and more people are awakening to the truth. What do you think the American people will do as they discover that they have no more country, that they are slaves to mortal enemies, that they have been tricked and betrayed by their "leaders" who sold them out? What do you think they will do when they realize that all their alleged "public servants" are willing or stupidly compliant parties to the plunder, bankruptcy, subjugation, and ruin of their lives and country?
Thomas Jefferson wrote: "An honest man can feel no pleasure in the exercise of power over his fellow citizens." Lincoln said: "Just as I would not be a slave, neither would I be a master." I will not participate in your corrupt, arrogant, and cruel fraud, either as perpetrator or victim. The great Indian poet Tagore wrote: "Power takes as ingratitude the writhing of its victims."
I will no longer sit here and writhe. The TYRANNY over this nation MUST END! If you continue with this course, you will have natural and moral law and higher powers to answer to, not to mention all those you have wronged under phony color of law. You will also have your own laws turned against you, as you have turned the law against us. To transform the shield of protection into a sword of exploitation, subjugation, and plunder is perfidy. You have now been placed on notice. All further actions on your part will be willful!
Resolutely, from all Americans who demand their country back
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@Beware the Hairy Mango: "Truck Stop" and "Climbing Trees" by Matthew Sanborn Smith.
@Chain Story: "Acceptable Losses" by Ilsa J. Bick.
The Absent Willow Review features fiction by Jack Potchen, David Moore, J. Westlake, Steve Laub, Jahan Claes, James A. Ford, Karina Berg Johansson, Sean Eads, Michael C. Keith, Pamela J. Jessen, and K. A. Opperman.
Beneath Ceaseless Skies features fiction by Marine Brennan, Adam Corbin Fusco, and Aliette de Bodard.
@Escape Pod: "The Moment" By Lawrence M. Schoen, Read by Graeme Dunlop.
StarShipSofa features free audio fiction by Matt Sanborn Smith, David Barr Kirtley and Jeff Carlson.


text:
Boeing to Build NASA's Newest Tracking and Data Relay Satellites
Latest award results in five Boeing satellites in NASA's TDRS fleet
NASA has returned to Boeing [NYSE: BA] for its next-generation series of Tracking and Data Relay Satellites (TDRS), continuing the communications satellite line that began with the launch of TDRS H in 2000 and, coupled with Boeing's other work for NASA, spans more than four decades. Valued at $695 million, $1.2 billion if all options are exercised, the contract calls for two spacecraft and increases Boeing's satellite backlog to 27 spacecraft. The TDRS-K satellite will be ready for launch in 2012, and TDRS-L will be ready for launch in 2013.
"This contract includes the design and manufacturing of the TDRS K series satellites as well as upgrades to NASA's TDRS system ground terminals, and builds upon Boeing's long and successful history with NASA," said Howard Chambers, vice president and general manager of Boeing Space and Intelligence Systems. "Three Boeing-built TDRS satellites are currently providing critical services to NASA and the nation's space program, and we are committed to delivering satellites that expand the communications relay needs of NASA and its teams. Space-based communications assets are critical to the infrastructure of manned spaceflight systems, and TDRS plays an important role."
The satellites incorporate a modern design based on flight-proven performance. The three previous TDRS satellites were based on Boeing 702-class electronics, which are still the standard for the newest spacecraft Boeing is building today. Additionally, Boeing has modernized the technologies in the payload, power and propulsion subsystems to current state-of-the-art technologies being used in other Boeing-built spacecraft.
Boeing offered the best choice for mission suitability with low risk that will expand the capabilities of NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. This communication signal relay system provides tracking and data acquisition services between Earth-orbiting spacecraft, such as the International Space Station, the space shuttle, the Orion crew exploration vehicle, and their respective control and data processing facilities.
Boeing has teamed with General Dynamics, which will update and modify the existing TDRS system ground terminals, located near Las Cruces, N.M. The ground terminals, known as the White Sands Complex, are the primary two-way communications link between the TDRS satellites and the ground-based elements of the TDRS system communications network.
A unit of The Boeing Company, Boeing Integrated Defense Systems is one of the world's largest space and defense businesses specializing in innovative and capabilities-driven customer solutions. Headquartered in St. Louis, Boeing Integrated Defense Systems is a $32.4 billion business with 72,000 employees worldwide.
Space & Intelligence Systems
lewis.b.brinson@boeing.com
Diana Ball
diana.ball@boeing.com


text:
Kammenos Backs Off Threat to Scuttle FYROM Deal, Leave Coalition
By TNH Staff September 24, 2018
FILE - Greek Defense Minister Panos Kammenos takes part in cabinet meeting in Athens,Tuesday, April 3, 2018. (AP Photo/Petros Giannakouris)
ATHENS – Defense Minister Panos Kammenos, who threatened to scuttle a deal the ruling Radical Left SYRIZA he serves to change the name of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), has reportedly agreed with Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras to put off any vote.
A referendum will be held on Sept. 30 in FYROM where voters will be asked whether they approve of the agreement that would see their country be renamed North Macedonia and be able to get into NATO and open European Union accession talks.
That has been barred for 27 years after FYROM governments, who have been allowed since 1991 to use the name of the ancient abutting Greek province of Macedonia, began claiming Greek lands and territories, including the second-largest city and major port of Thessaloniki.
If approved in FYROM, Greek lawmakers would have to vote on ratification. Tsipras, with polls showing 62 percent of Greeks opposed, has barred a referendum.
Kammenos, leader of the pro-austerity, marginal, jingoistic Independent Greeks (ANEL) who have about 1 percent of the vote, repeatedly said he would have his seven lawmakers vote against it and that he would yank his party from the coalition if it comes to a vote.
That would take him out of power and force Tsipras to find votes from rival parties for the deal and another partner to replace ANEL, which Kammenos apparently does not want, having agree with the Premier to talk about the issue in March of 2019, media reports said.
The business newspaper Naftermporiki said another scenario would see Kammenos allowing six of his lawmakers to vote for the deal, so that it would have 151 votes, a majority of one in the Parliament and would pass, but that he could say he was still opposed while actually supporting it, keeping his position.
Tsipras has fallen behind the major rival New Democracy Conservatives by about 10 points in recent surveys while ANEL has essentially no chance of returning to Parliament in the next elections, which must be held by October, 2019.
The change of heart – he does it frequently – came days after he said unequivocally that he would oppose the deal and bring down the government if it came to a vote.
"The agreement will not be ratified. We the government partners will do everything in our power so that it is not ratified. We have clearly said that we will not vote (for the deal,). I have made this commitment publicly some time ago," Kammenos told Antenna TV.
If it comes to a vote, he said that,"Others will then have to step in as partners to the government," with Tsipras wooing the Movement for Change, a new center-left coalition led by the former PASOK Socialists who went defunct after backing austerity.
Tsipras earlier had said he doubted Kammenos would try to stop the deal and the Defense Minister accused FYROM Premier Zoran Zaev "saying things that are not in the agreement."
Pavlo Serritas says:
What a Fat liar just a joke Greek politician like all of them. Cant even standby his beliefs, exactly like Tsipras say one thing to get elected, then lie…
Throw his fat ass outta greece…
@Pavlo says:
He'll huff and puff
And pull the bluff
To hold on the chair
As long as he can.


text:
#include "webrtc/modules/video_coding/utility/frame_dropper.h"

#include "webrtc/system_wrappers/include/trace.h"

namespace webrtc {

const float kDefaultKeyFrameSizeAvgKBits = 0.9f;
const float kDefaultKeyFrameRatio = 0.99f;
const float kDefaultDropRatioAlpha = 0.9f;
const float kDefaultDropRatioMax = 0.96f;
const float kDefaultMaxTimeToDropFrames = 4.0f;  // In seconds.

FrameDropper::FrameDropper()
    : _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits(kDefaultKeyFrameSizeAvgKBits),
      _keyFrameRatio(kDefaultKeyFrameRatio),
      _dropRatio(kDefaultDropRatioAlpha, kDefaultDropRatioMax),
      _enabled(true),
      _max_time_drops(kDefaultMaxTimeToDropFrames) {
  Reset();
}

FrameDropper::FrameDropper(float max_time_drops)
    : _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits(kDefaultKeyFrameSizeAvgKBits),
      _keyFrameRatio(kDefaultKeyFrameRatio),
      _dropRatio(kDefaultDropRatioAlpha, kDefaultDropRatioMax),
      _enabled(true),
      _max_time_drops(max_time_drops) {
  Reset();
}

void FrameDropper::Reset() {
  _keyFrameRatio.Reset(0.99f);
  _keyFrameRatio.Apply(
      1.0f, 1.0f / 300.0f);  // 1 key frame every 10th second in 30 fps
  _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits.Reset(0.9f);
  _keyFrameCount = 0;
  _accumulator = 0.0f;
  _accumulatorMax = 150.0f;  // assume 300 kb/s and 0.5 s window
  _targetBitRate = 300.0f;
  _incoming_frame_rate = 30;
  _keyFrameSpreadFrames = 0.5f * _incoming_frame_rate;
  _dropNext = false;
  _dropRatio.Reset(0.9f);
  _dropRatio.Apply(0.0f, 0.0f);  // Initialize to 0
  _dropCount = 0;
  _windowSize = 0.5f;
  _wasBelowMax = true;
  _fastMode = false;  // start with normal (non-aggressive) mode
  // Cap for the encoder buffer level/accumulator, in secs.
  _cap_buffer_size = 3.0f;
  // Cap on maximum amount of dropped frames between kept frames, in secs.
  _max_time_drops = 4.0f;
}

void FrameDropper::Enable(bool enable) {
  _enabled = enable;
}

void FrameDropper::Fill(size_t frameSizeBytes, bool deltaFrame) {
  if (!_enabled) {
    return;
  }
  float frameSizeKbits = 8.0f * static_cast<float>(frameSizeBytes) / 1000.0f;
  if (!deltaFrame &&
      !_fastMode) {  // fast mode does not treat key-frames any different
    _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits.Apply(1, frameSizeKbits);
    _keyFrameRatio.Apply(1.0, 1.0);
    if (frameSizeKbits > _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits.filtered()) {
      // Remove the average key frame size since we
      // compensate for key frames when adding delta
      // frames.
      frameSizeKbits -= _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits.filtered();
    } else {
      // Shouldn't be negative, so zero is the lower bound.
      frameSizeKbits = 0;
    }
    if (_keyFrameRatio.filtered() > 1e-5 &&
        1 / _keyFrameRatio.filtered() < _keyFrameSpreadFrames) {
      // We are sending key frames more often than our upper bound for
      // how much we allow the key frame compensation to be spread
      // out in time. Therefor we must use the key frame ratio rather
      // than keyFrameSpreadFrames.
      _keyFrameCount =
          static_cast<int32_t>(1 / _keyFrameRatio.filtered() + 0.5);
    } else {
      // Compensate for the key frame the following frames
      _keyFrameCount = static_cast<int32_t>(_keyFrameSpreadFrames + 0.5);
    }
  } else {
    // Decrease the keyFrameRatio
    _keyFrameRatio.Apply(1.0, 0.0);
  }
  // Change the level of the accumulator (bucket)
  _accumulator += frameSizeKbits;
  CapAccumulator();
}

void FrameDropper::Leak(uint32_t inputFrameRate) {
  if (!_enabled) {
    return;
  }
  if (inputFrameRate < 1) {
    return;
  }
  if (_targetBitRate < 0.0f) {
    return;
  }
  _keyFrameSpreadFrames = 0.5f * inputFrameRate;
  // T is the expected bits per frame (target). If all frames were the same
  // size,
  // we would get T bits per frame. Notice that T is also weighted to be able to
  // force a lower frame rate if wanted.
  float T = _targetBitRate / inputFrameRate;
  if (_keyFrameCount > 0) {
    // Perform the key frame compensation
    if (_keyFrameRatio.filtered() > 0 &&
        1 / _keyFrameRatio.filtered() < _keyFrameSpreadFrames) {
      T -= _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits.filtered() * _keyFrameRatio.filtered();
    } else {
      T -= _keyFrameSizeAvgKbits.filtered() / _keyFrameSpreadFrames;
    }
    _keyFrameCount--;
  }
  _accumulator -= T;
  if (_accumulator < 0.0f) {
    _accumulator = 0.0f;
  }
  UpdateRatio();
}

void FrameDropper::UpdateNack(uint32_t nackBytes) {
  if (!_enabled) {
    return;
  }
  _accumulator += static_cast<float>(nackBytes) * 8.0f / 1000.0f;
}

void FrameDropper::FillBucket(float inKbits, float outKbits) {
  _accumulator += (inKbits - outKbits);
}

void FrameDropper::UpdateRatio() {
  if (_accumulator > 1.3f * _accumulatorMax) {
    // Too far above accumulator max, react faster
    _dropRatio.UpdateBase(0.8f);
  } else {
    // Go back to normal reaction
    _dropRatio.UpdateBase(0.9f);
  }
  if (_accumulator > _accumulatorMax) {
    // We are above accumulator max, and should ideally
    // drop a frame. Increase the dropRatio and drop
    // the frame later.
    if (_wasBelowMax) {
      _dropNext = true;
    }
    if (_fastMode) {
      // always drop in aggressive mode
      _dropNext = true;
    }

    _dropRatio.Apply(1.0f, 1.0f);
    _dropRatio.UpdateBase(0.9f);
  } else {
    _dropRatio.Apply(1.0f, 0.0f);
  }
  _wasBelowMax = _accumulator < _accumulatorMax;
}

// This function signals when to drop frames to the caller. It makes use of the
// dropRatio
// to smooth out the drops over time.
bool FrameDropper::DropFrame() {
  if (!_enabled) {
    return false;
  }
  if (_dropNext) {
    _dropNext = false;
    _dropCount = 0;
  }

  if (_dropRatio.filtered() >= 0.5f) {  // Drops per keep
    // limit is the number of frames we should drop between each kept frame
    // to keep our drop ratio. limit is positive in this case.
    float denom = 1.0f - _dropRatio.filtered();
    if (denom < 1e-5) {
      denom = 1e-5f;
    }
    int32_t limit = static_cast<int32_t>(1.0f / denom - 1.0f + 0.5f);
    // Put a bound on the max amount of dropped frames between each kept
    // frame, in terms of frame rate and window size (secs).
    int max_limit = static_cast<int>(_incoming_frame_rate * _max_time_drops);
    if (limit > max_limit) {
      limit = max_limit;
    }
    if (_dropCount < 0) {
      // Reset the _dropCount since it was negative and should be positive.
      if (_dropRatio.filtered() > 0.4f) {
        _dropCount = -_dropCount;
      } else {
        _dropCount = 0;
      }
    }
    if (_dropCount < limit) {
      // As long we are below the limit we should drop frames.
      _dropCount++;
      return true;
    } else {
      // Only when we reset _dropCount a frame should be kept.
      _dropCount = 0;
      return false;
    }
  } else if (_dropRatio.filtered() > 0.0f &&
             _dropRatio.filtered() < 0.5f) {  // Keeps per drop
    // limit is the number of frames we should keep between each drop
    // in order to keep the drop ratio. limit is negative in this case,
    // and the _dropCount is also negative.
    float denom = _dropRatio.filtered();
    if (denom < 1e-5) {
      denom = 1e-5f;
    }
    int32_t limit = -static_cast<int32_t>(1.0f / denom - 1.0f + 0.5f);
    if (_dropCount > 0) {
      // Reset the _dropCount since we have a positive
      // _dropCount, and it should be negative.
      if (_dropRatio.filtered() < 0.6f) {
        _dropCount = -_dropCount;
      } else {
        _dropCount = 0;
      }
    }
    if (_dropCount > limit) {
      if (_dropCount == 0) {
        // Drop frames when we reset _dropCount.
        _dropCount--;
        return true;
      } else {
        // Keep frames as long as we haven't reached limit.
        _dropCount--;
        return false;
      }
    } else {
      _dropCount = 0;
      return false;
    }
  }
  _dropCount = 0;
  return false;

  // A simpler version, unfiltered and quicker
  // bool dropNext = _dropNext;
  // _dropNext = false;
  // return dropNext;
}

void FrameDropper::SetRates(float bitRate, float incoming_frame_rate) {
  // Bit rate of -1 means infinite bandwidth.
  _accumulatorMax = bitRate * _windowSize;  // bitRate * windowSize (in seconds)
  if (_targetBitRate > 0.0f && bitRate < _targetBitRate &&
      _accumulator > _accumulatorMax) {
    // Rescale the accumulator level if the accumulator max decreases
    _accumulator = bitRate / _targetBitRate * _accumulator;
  }
  _targetBitRate = bitRate;
  CapAccumulator();
  _incoming_frame_rate = incoming_frame_rate;
}

float FrameDropper::ActualFrameRate(uint32_t inputFrameRate) const {
  if (!_enabled) {
    return static_cast<float>(inputFrameRate);
  }
  return inputFrameRate * (1.0f - _dropRatio.filtered());
}

// Put a cap on the accumulator, i.e., don't let it grow beyond some level.
// This is a temporary fix for screencasting where very large frames from
// encoder will cause very slow response (too many frame drops).
void FrameDropper::CapAccumulator() {
  float max_accumulator = _targetBitRate * _cap_buffer_size;
  if (_accumulator > max_accumulator) {
    _accumulator = max_accumulator;
  }
}
}  // namespace webrtc


Firstly may I wish you a Happy New Year and good golfing in 2012, I hope that this year will not be as wet and windy as 2011.
I am delighted to have taken over as County Captain and hope that my two years in office will be as successful as the last two years have been, both on and off the golf course.
The County always appreciates your support especially in the current economic climate. We try to get value for money regarding courses, but as more golf clubs struggle to make ends meet, this becomes more difficult. We are hopeful that the increase in H'cap will encourage more ladies to join – perhaps you could help by encouraging the lady members at your club.
Enclosed with this letter is your "new look" fixture card. The County mobile phone number is on the back page along with the names and e-mail addresses of the Committee. If you are unable to attend a fixture on the day of competition through being stuck in traffic or delayed for any reason, please use the County mobile no. to get in touch with whoever is on desk duty. This will save club secretaries or professionals having their busy days interrupted bringing messages to the desk.
Our golf season starts with the County Championships at Troon Ladies Golf Club from Tuesday 10th to Thursday 12th April. Please have your entries with the secretary either by post or e-mail (secretary@alcga.com) by 1st March.
The Inter-County Match Week will be held at Cardross from Mon. 21st – Wed. 23rd June. Your support is invaluable both as a spectator or a trolley-puller. The sight of lots of green jumpers boosts the team's morale no end. Sheila Shedden is taking on the job of Caddy Mistress so please volunteer your services, even if you can only manage ½ a day it would be appreciated. I am hopeful that we can continue the run of good form that saw the team become runners-up in the Scottish County Finals last September.
This year the Curtis Cup is coming to Scotland and will be played at Nairn Golf Club from 8th – 10th June. Sheila Adams is our "ambassador" and will be happy to give you any information regarding tickets etc.


text:
CDS 20 Reaction Rate Laws I
General Chemistry: Concept Development and Application
Университет Райса
This course will cover the topics of a full year, two semester General Chemistry course. We will use a free on-line textbook, Concept Development Studies in Chemistry, available via Rice's Connexions project. The fundamental concepts in the course will be introduced via the Concept Development Approach developed at Rice University. In this approach, we will develop the concepts you need to know from experimental observations and scientific reasoning rather than simply telling you the concepts and then asking you to simply memorize or apply them. So why use this approach? One reason is that most of us are inductive learners, meaning that we like to make specific observations and then generalize from there. Many of the most significant concepts in Chemistry are counter-intuitive. When we see where those concepts come from, we can more readily accept them, explain them, and apply them. A second reason is that scientific reasoning in general and Chemistry reasoning in particular are inductive processes. This Concept Development approach illustrates those reasoning processes. A third reason is that this is simply more interesting! The structure and reactions of matter are fascinating puzzles to be solved by observation and reasoning. It is more fun intellectually when we can solve those puzzles together, rather than simply have the answers to the riddles revealed at the outset. Recommended Background: The class can be taken by someone with no prior experience in chemistry. However, some prior familiarity with the basics of chemistry is desirable as we will cover some elements only briefly. For example, a prior high school chemistry class would be helpful. Suggested Readings: Readings will be assigned from the on-line textbook "Concept Development Studies in Chemistry", available via Rice's Connexions project. In addition, we will suggest readings from any of the standard textbooks in General Chemistry. A particularly good free on-line resource is Dickerson, Gray, and Haight, "Chemical Principles, 3rd Edition". Links to these two texts will be available in the Introduction module.
I love the opportunity given to me to learn this course... It explained the basis and really made me understand the harder parts, now i have better understanding and wider knowledge!.
I enjoyed every minute of this course and I have learnt so much. Thank you Coursera for this opportunity. I'll definitely recommend this course to my friends and colleagues.
Chemical reactions occur at very different rates, some occurring so slowly that we only notice them with great passing of time and some occurring explosively rapidly. In this module, we develop measurements of the rates of reaction, determining the factors which can make a reaction proceed more rapidly or more slowly. These observations are summarized in equations called Rate Laws, where each reaction has its own empirical rate law. By using kinetic molecular theory, we develop a model to understand how and why each factor in the rate law is important in determining the rate of a chemical reaction.
CDS 20 Reaction Rate Laws I8:49
CDS 20 Reaction Rate Laws II17:52
John Steven Hutchinson
Dean of Undergraduates and Professor of Chemistry
Выбор языкаptPtАнглийскийАрабскийВьетнамскийИспанскийИтальянскийНемецкийРусскийФранцузский
We've spent a lot of time in the previous lectures studying phase equilibrium. Comparing for example, the rates of evaporation or the rates of condensation. We want to move this over to begin to study chemical reactions. It's fairly clear that we're going to have to understand the rates of which chemical reactions take place. And that will be the focus of the study this week, particularly from concept development studies 20 and 21. In this first concept development study, we're just going to focus on, how do we measure and quantify the rates of chemical reactions? We're going to begin with a simple chemical reaction actually studied here at Rice by my colleague Bruce Wiseman. This is the decomposition of the molecule C60O3, an oxygenated form of the Buckminster Fullergreen molecule. In which the three oxygens give way to a single oxygen, as the two oxygens in a O2 molecule depart. Imagine that we wanted to know how fast this particular chemical reaction were taking place. Then one of the things that we might do, is to measure how much C60O3 was present at any given time. And measure the rate of the disappearance of that material. One way to do this for example, would be to measure a solution and how much a the C60O3 absorbed light. using Beer's Law, we can relate the concentration of the C60O3. To the color of the light the amount of absorbence of the light that there is. When this is done, we actually observe the following graph. Here what we've observed is the absorbence, but the absorbence is in fact proportional to the amount of C60O3 which is present. Notice, we have also studied this as a function of time. We're watching the passage of time in minutes. So, amongst the things that we are looking at is, how fast is this material disappearing? So, we're asking the question, based upon this measurement as a function of time, how fast is this chemical reaction? We could study it in a variety of ways, but one of the ways to look at this, might be to ask, how much of the C60 has disappeared after five minutes? And you'll notice quite a lot has disappeared over that first five minute period. Notice that over the next five minute period, the amount which has disappeared is less. And over the next five-minute period, the amount of C60O3, which has disappeared, is even less. That suggests that the amount of material which is disappearing, over a unit period of time depends upon how much material there actually is. How would we want to then measure how fast the reaction is? Well, a natural way to understand the rates of a process, if we were for example measuring the amount of C60O3 versus time. And observing that the graph seems to decrease something like this. Then we might want to know by how much has the amount gone down for a given period of time. And then we might imagine that the slope of this graph, which is the change in the concentration of the C60O3 versus time. Or alternatively, if we were to do this more precisely, we would do this with calculus. And take the derivative of the C60O3 concentration with time, but we could measure it as just simple, a simple slope as well. And when we do that then, we would define the rate of the reaction here, as being the slope of this curve as a function of time. Which could be estimated by simply taking finite amounts of time and finite amounts of concentration change, and taking the ratio of those two. That means that at each particular point along this graph, I could measure for example, the slope of the graph here. Or the slope of the graph here, or the slope of the graph here. And then we could actually plot the slope as a function of time. What if we then in fact take the slope and plot it as a function of time? We actually wind up with this graph. Graph looks a lot alike, so let's call attention to some of the differences here. Notice that what we have plotted on the Y axis here, is no longer the concentration of C60O3 as as a function of time. But rather the rate of change of C60O3 as a function of time. So in contrast to the previous graph that we examined, we are now actually looking at the change in the amount of C60O3 as a function of time. And what's interesting is that, that curve looks a lot like the previous curve. This downward decrease that we observe here, looks a lot like the decrease on the previous slide, which I'm going to click back to now. Notice the similarities between these two graphs. I've highlighted them back over here on the chart. What that suggests pretty strongly, is that the rate at which things are happening, is proportional to the amount of the material that we have. That the reaction is slowing down as it's proceeding. The rate is slower for these lower concentrations as a function of time, and faster early on in the reaction where the rates are much higher. And furthermore, that the reaction rate seems to be proportional to the concentration. That suggests what we ought to do is plot the C60 versus the rate or the rate versus the C60 and that's actually what's been done on this graph. We plotted the rate, defined before by the slope here versus the actual C60 concentration. In other words, what we have done is to take the Y axis from this graph and plot versus the Y axis for this graph. And what's fascinating about these results, is that we wind up with a rather beautiful straight line relationship that actually passes through the origin. What that tells us is that the rate on the Y axis is proportional to the concentration on the X axis. We could write this then as the rate defined above is proportional to, we're going to call the proportionality constant K. It is proportional to the concentration of the C60O3. And that in fact then begins to describe, as given in this equation here. The dependence of the reaction rate on the concentrations of the materials. It's a very simple relationship in fact as we can see. This is simple proportionality between these two. That is in fact then a really interesting result. It turns out to be a general not a general result, but an example of a general result. By which the rate at which reactions take place, is a function of the concentration of the materials which are reacting. In this particular case, the relationship is a simple one. Notice although it's not really obvious that it's there, that there is a exponent of one on that C60 up there and so there's a first power relationship. Not in all cases do we see a first power relationship. In fact, in the general case, if we have sort of a general chemical reaction of A and B reacting in some stoichiometric proportions to give C and D. We wind up with a rate relationship, between the rate of the reaction and the concentrations of the two reactants, A and B. Remember what we've got here. Here's reactant A and reactant B. Here's the concentration of reactant A and concentration of reactant B. And the rate at which this reaction now takes place in a general case, depends upon two exponents here. Notice these exponents here n and m, which may or may not be one or for that matter zero or two, or a variety of other different possibilities. In fact, n and m are usually integers almost always integers, not in 100% of cases. But there isn't a simple way in fact to predict those experimental values of n and m. For more general reactions, we're going to have to have some means by which we can do the kind of analysis that we have done here. To determine the rate law for the C60O3 decomposition for a variety of other kinds of reactions. We're going to come up with a general way to do that in the next lecture.


Presentation: For my Senior Project, I will create a body of work based on the concept of perception. I will take images of ordinary objects and use various analog photographic techniques in order to make the objects appear more unique. I will take regular images and abstract them in the darkroom to create a new understanding of the object. My goal is to make the general public aware of certain everyday items in an artistic context that they might not appreciate otherwise.