Of all the Super Bowl commercials, only one was complete fire ... and ice.
In one of the top ads of the night on Sunday, Doritos and Mountain Dew brought us Peter Dinklage and Morgan Freeman in a rap battle. Dinklage did the lip-syncing gymnastics on Busta Rhymes' verse from "Look At Me Now" in a room full of fire, because his Doritos chips were so hot, duh. Meanwhile, Freeman lip-synced Missy Elliott's "Get Ur Freak On" in a room full of ice, thanks to his obviously very chilly Mountain Dew.
It was a battle that could rule the Seven Kingdoms, and even inspired "Game of Thrones" fans to tweet that the ad might "confirm" a long-held fan theory that Dinklage's character, Tyrion, is actually a Targaryen.
People really ran with it.
After all, Dinklage was blowing fire out of his mouth ― I'm sorry, Doritos Blaze chips. But no chip is that hot. That's blood of the dragon right there.
On Monday, HuffPost asked Dinklage about his reaction to the fan response and his thoughts on Tyrion possibly being a Targaryen.
So Dinklage loves your Tyrion theories, but according to the actor, the ad doesn't confirm any of them. That's fair. Doritos ads are nacho problem, HBO.
Even without the ad, there's plenty of evidence Tyrion actually has Targaryen heritage and isn't Tywin's son.
For example, in George R.R. Martin's books, the Mad King Aerys Targaryen (Daenerys Targaryen's dad) was known to take "unwonted liberties" with Tywin Lannister's wife, Joanna. And the mothers of Tyrion, Dany and Jon Snow all died in childbirth, signaling another mysterious connection. Plus, Tyrion is obsessed with dragons, much like a Targaryen should be.
There's also a supposed prophecy in the books that "the dragon has three heads." Some fans believe this means there are three Targaryens who will lead the fight to save humanity.
So, yeah, maybe the chip commercial didn't confirm it, but you can understand why fans freaked out when Tyrion started blowing fire. Doritos used the hashtag #SpitFire, but it might as well have been #TargaryenConfirmed.
Dinklage continued chatting with us about his rap skills, whether he actually beat Morgan Freeman in the battle, and what he thinks about some fans calling for a Peter Dinklage/Morgan Freeman presidential run in 2020.
How much of your performance was inspired by your "SNL" song "Space Pants"?
Only love for "Space Pants." Also, just to be clear, you definitely know the Busta Rhymes rap, right? You didn't use CGI or camera tricks?
No, we did a variety of different ways, but I will be the first to tell you that deep in my soul I was terrified of getting anything wrong, so I learned it frontwards and backwards.
So do you think you beat Morgan Freeman?
Oh, I think I did, all due respect … but I believe I did. I had the harder job. Busta Rhymes is the fastest rapper in the known universe. No disrespect to Missy Elliott, but I believe Morgan had the easier job. So I think I won, all due respect.
A lot of people look at Morgan Freeman as the voice of God, so what was it like lip-sync-rap-battling him?
What was it like rapping against God?
I wasn't going to go easy on him just because I have love and respect for the man. You can't.
You actually like Doritos, right? Or how did you get involved?
[Laugh] They just saw me on the street one day eating a bag of Doritos [and said], "Maybe we can get a Doritos ad." No, of course, Doritos are incredible … Doritos are the ultimate non-organic food. It's incredible stuff.
Have you tried Doritos Locos Tacos?
I have not. Do you recommend them?
Uh, yes, but I imagine you don't eat at Taco Bell much.
No, not so much. But I got to say, usually when you do any sort of acting, like you're sitting by the dinner table and you have to eat a lot of food or whatnot, usually you spit the food out or you're eating all day. But in this Doritos commercial, I ate every single Dorito. I hadn't had one in a while, and they were incredible. I missed them.
So how many takes did you do?
Oh, sometimes I screwed up a take so I could eat another one.
I'm sure. I was pretty hungry.
I love the old Rankin and Bass productions. That's a brilliant comparison. That's the stuff of my childhood. I welcome that comparison.
People were also calling for a Peter Dinklage and Morgan Freeman presidential run in 2020 after seeing your lip-sync-rap battle.
Wow, we're in desperate times right now, aren't we? [Laughs] Yeah, if that's the case, it says something about our current presidency.
YAAAAAAAS! Dinklage and Freeman 2020.


I think a lot of us hoped the day would never actually come. Back in September Uncle Lucius announced they would be going their separate ways in March of 2018. This week our favorite uncle reveal the dates for their final tour -- their goodbye tour.
For over a decade one of Austin's best bands, singers of hits such as "Everybody Got Soul," "Pocket Full of Misery," and "Liquor Store," Uncle Lucius have relentlessly toured across Texas, to both coasts, and back.
Over the past 12 years, four albums, and so much Texas soul, one of Texas' weirdest bands had built one of its most ravenous fan bases.


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Whether or Not They Used Federal Payroll Loans, Firms' Value Increased
Francis J. Carey Professor Nagpurnanand Prabhala of the Johns Hopkins Carey Business School is the co-author of a new study that examines some of the effects of the $659 billion federal Paycheck Protection Program, a central piece of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act passed by Congress last March.
Small and large firms alike saw their value grow in wake of program.
Findings are contained in a new National Bureau of Economic Research working paper.
Program was closed in August, but Congress may add funding in current legislative proposal.
COVID-19: Business and Economic Impact
Read the latest news and commentary from our faculty experts.
A key element of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act passed by Congress last spring was a $659 billion loan program to help companies meet their payrolls.
Eligible firms of varying sizes, with up to 500 employees, could apply to banks for loans of as much as $10 million through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) administered by the federal Small Business Administration. Recipients would be subject to SBA audits ensuring that the firms actually needed the money and were properly using it.
The SBA closed the application process in August 2020. However, funding for another round of PPP loans has been included in the current stimulus proposal before Congress.
Firms with up to 500 employees, could apply to banks for loans of as much as $10 million
In a new National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, Frances J. Carey Professor Nagpurnanand Prabhala of the Johns Hopkins Carey Business School and two co-authors examine some of the effects of the program. Among the findings: The firms that accepted PPP loans saw their stock market valuations increase, while those that promptly returned PPP loans to the SBA when the news about audits began to come in saw their valuations increase once markets learned about the returns.
Prabhala discusses the study - written with Professor Manju Puri of Duke University and Assistant Professor Tetyana Balyuk of Emory University - in the following Q&A:
QUESTION: The terms of the Paycheck Protection Program loans are very generous - total forgiveness if used for wages and rent, and a charge of only 1 percent for any other expenses. Given these terms, why would some firms decline the opportunity for a loan in the midst of such a crisis?
NAGPURNANAND PRABHALA: Taking taxpayer funds invites - indeed necessitates - oversight to ensure that funds have been taken by the right-intended beneficiaries in the right amounts. The possibility that such oversight could find companies in violation is why some firms seem to not want such money.
While these concerns about audits and their negative findings may be viewed as hypothetical, the risk seems to be real, and release from it is valued by the market. Concerns about such investigations are known to damage shareholder value well beyond any direct penalties; this is because the investigations and any negative determination are quite stressful for firms and harm their reputation in the eyes of all key stakeholders. For instance, managers worrying about this end up spending time on staving off litigation and answering queries instead of running businesses. Board members worry about being seen as damaged goods. Shareholders, especially in the era when ethics and good governance are important, may file suits against firms.
Concerns appear to arise because the exact nature of the ex-post audit, its scope, and the process for determining release from an audit remain ambiguous. Moreover, when so many borrowers are involved, it takes time for audits to be done properly. The government requires firms to keep records for six years. Firms have to live with a long-lasting process. The government also reserves all rights to take any measures, even as it specifies penalty limits on the return of principal and interest. Finally, the concerns are more salient for listed firms that are constantly in the public eye. All these issues throw ambiguities in the minds of anybody wanting to take the money, but especially listed firms.
The firms that accepted PPP loans saw an aggregate increase in their stock market valuation of $1.6 billion. That seems logical. The firms that returned loans saw an even bigger increase in valuation, of $1.8 billion. On the surface, that finding seems less logical. How do you explain it?
The two events are distinct. The first set of numbers establishes that taking PPP money is value-accretive and not a signal of dire circumstances. Thus, it doesn't seem to be the case that the market viewed firms that took PPP funds as sending a negative signal that they were so desperately short of funds that they had to take PPP money.
The second event is returning the funds without using them. The market rewards returners with share price increases. Thus, the market views as beneficial the release from possible government investigation and from a possible negative determination of taking funds.
One question that could be legitimately asked is whether returning cheap money is a signal of firms' strength: "We have the cash and thus don't need even cheap PPP funds." This doesn't seem to be the case. If this is correct, weaker firms should have more positive returns - as these firms are more strapped for cash and their telling the market that they still don't need loans should send a stronger signal. We don't see that. The stronger firms experience higher market returns. This is consistent with the litigation risk-avoidance benefits of returning PPP, since these better firms are more likely to have a negative determination of PPP eligibility.
Your study found that the larger, "better quality" firms received the bulk of the loans in the initial round of PPP lending. Why was that the case?
One interpretation is that this represents supply effects - that is, the decisions that banks made about which firms to work with early in the process. Banks like larger loans because, first of all, they yield more direct revenues from the PPP loans. The total amount paid out as processing fees is maybe $13 billion and is more for bigger loans. So banks want to push big loans sooner.
In addition, in the first few weeks of the program, it looked like the capital was running out. As a bank, if you have a fixed pool of money, you want to earn the highest return possible within the pool you can push out. This leads you to larger loans. With the additional pressures of a fixed time window, you again want to get the large ones out of the door sooner to maximize fees. And on top of that, larger firms likely take larger loans, and these firms are just more profitable revenue-wise for the lending banks.
The PPP program was closed, as required by law, in August 2020. Would you venture an opinion as to whether it was a beneficial program?
Remember the scale and suddenness of the pandemic? Literally overnight, businesses had to close for not having customers, for not understanding how to work in bio-secure ways, and for worries that they could be spreading the virus and making things worse. At a time like this, businesses were staring at ruin, especially small businesses that always run tight ships with little balances in the bank. These businesses were, in fact, booming before the pandemic, with 4 percent unemployment in the U.S. It all suddenly came crashing down. Never have we seen unemployment go from 4 percent to 15 percent in a couple of months, and much of the harm was to small businesses, which had no choice but to try and let employees go or reduce their wage bill.
The PPP got money to the small businesses, in large part to pay employees their wages, in full for low earners and in part for those making annual compensation of $100K or more. Now one could give wages to the COVID-displaced employees directly, through unemployment benefits such as the $600 per week announced under the CARES Act. But PPP channeled its money - still paid to employees - through businesses. This let the businesses stay whole and preserve their "organizational" capital.
"One could give wages to the COVID-displaced employees directly, through unemployment benefits such as the $600 per week announced under the CARES Act. But PPP channeled its money — still paid to employees — through businesses. This let the businesses stay whole and preserve their "organizational" capital."
Nagpurnanand Prabhala, PhD Francis C. Carey, Jr. Professor
Going forward, some businesses require support to stay afloat longer as they retool. For these businesses, PPP makes sense. Others may be out of the woods or must completely phase out or don't envisage reopening in the foreseeable future. Here, support such as the PPP that keeps the businesses afloat in their old form seems less useful than other forms of aid that help businesses and employees navigate to a new normal.
So I think that something like PPP may be needed but maybe not on exactly the same scale with regard to employee payroll support. I imagine that we need more direct support for the employees of the businesses that are looking to phase out. Part of the other help for businesses transitioning to new models - formerly supported through PPP - may need new architecture to figure out whom to support, what parts of the businesses to support, e.g., non-payroll portions, and how. Finally, we note that $134 billion of the original $669 billion is still unspent. So there is some funding available for PPP in its original form, and what is not needed anymore can go to a version 2 or something else like expanded unemployment coverage.
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After conducting this study, could you reflect on how this program might be better administered if the need arises again?
Tangible recommendations come to mind. One, governments are very careful about specifying eligibility for PPP or other subsidized funding. Similar clarity would be very helpful in specifying what happens after - that is, what types of audits will be considered, what scope will they have, and what the safe harbors will be for firms, i.e., what set of actions will be enough to ensure a non-negative determination. One could state these with as much specificity as possible.
A second, related lesson comes from looking at the forms the government requires for forgiveness, which require great numbers of details on firms' plans during the pandemic. The first order of business then was perhaps about lives rather than livelihoods, and it is hard for anybody to imagine and recount business and capital planning in that period with a degree of specificity and in a manner that withstands any scrutiny by skeptics. Requirements of this sort could be made clear upfront - and to the extent they are helpful in focusing the minds of business owners, great! But asking people to recount details, many not auditable or subjective, which may invite more questions, seems not particularly beneficial. For the vast majority of cases, this requirement seems burdensome.
Third, Monday-morning quarterbacking is unlikely to be helpful. Suppose a PPP-funded business did well after the onset of the pandemic. It is difficult to tell whether it did well despite PPP or it did well because of PPP. The first makes the PPP recipient culpable, and the second is a success story of the PPP. It is unclear how the Small Business Administration plans to make this determination in a manner that cannot be contested.
In short, yes, taking taxpayer money should come with strings attached, but is this a bit much?
Another lesson comes from the intermediaries who deliver such financing. The PPP is designed such that fees are (roughly speaking) proportional to loan amounts. Frankly, this may be something to rethink. This fee structure creates incentives to push larger loans first. However, if the effort in making loans is about the same for large and small firms, fees should have perhaps been designed per borrower and not have so much dependence on loan size. This would make even more sense to the extent that small firms are more threatened with bad consequences of COVID-19.
We also wonder whether the money given to businesses should have been somewhat matched by new capital put in by firms' owners. This would make the money better spent by aligning government spending with that by business owners.
Do you foresee further areas of research that could build on this study?
Yes. A greater understanding of bank involvement in the PPP is another area we are working on. Economic models for the longer-term PPP effects on business survival, employment generation, and investment spending will continue to be fodder for thought and analysis. It is a difficult econometric question as news about COVID-19 continued to spread, and businesses were forced to adapt rapidly. Disentangling what part of it was due to PPP will continue to be challenging.
Flexible MBA
Master of Science in Finance (part-time)
MBA/MA in Government
MBA/MS in Applied Economics
MS in Applied Economics/Financial Management or Investments Certificate
Francis J. Carey, Jr. (Endowed) Professor
Nagpurnanand Prabhala, PhD
prabhala@jhu.edu
Dr. Prabhala is the Francis J. Carey, Jr. Endowed Professor in Business and Professor of Finance with the Carey Business School. His primary research interests are in empirical corporate finance and financial intermediation. Prior to joining Carey, Prabhala was Professor and head of the finance area at University of Maryland, College Park. Prabhala also has served as research head at CAFRAL
carey.communications@jhu.edu
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Seeing Forecasts in Verbal Rather than Numerical Form
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Aston Martin isn't quite ready to officially pull the wraps off its long-anticipated first battery electric vehicle, but it is revealing some details about the Rapide E that's due in showrooms in the last quarter of 2019.
First of all, the name is now confirmed (concepts had combined the Es into a stylized RapidE), as is the production run of just 155 cars.
The new electric luxury 4-seat 4-door coupe is powered by two rear-mounted electric motors, producing a total of 455 kW (601 hp) and 701 lb-ft of torque and enabling 0-100 km/h runs in the 4.0 second range. Those are better figures than the Rapide AMR's current 6.0-litre V-12, though the E's 250 km/h top speed falls 80 km/h short of that of the AMR.
Aston Martin stresses that those acceleration figures are not restricted to times when the battery is fully charged, but rather in repeated, consistent performance regardless of the batteries state of charge, thanks to innovative cooling solutions for the motors and battery.
The 65-kWh lithium ion battery is packaged in the compartments housing the Rapide's V-12, gearbox and fuel tank. The car's range is about 325 km and the battery can reportedly be fully charged in just over an hour, using a typical 400V 50kW charger. However, plugging into an 800V with a 100kW charger drops that full charge time to just under 40 minutes, with an 80% charge attainable in about 15 minutes.
Another innovative feature of the Rapide E is a new-design aerodynamic wheel, shod with low-rolling resistance Pirelli P Zero bespoke tire. Combined with the tuning of the chassis and the fitting of a limited slip differential between the two motors, it makes the Rapide E behave in accordance with the performance and handling of the gasoline Rapide.
Aston Martin has begun taking orders for the Rapide E, which will be built at the company's St. Athan facility in South Wales, with pricing available on application.


The Worship & Music ministry exists to lead others into the worship of God. Our primary purpose is to give God the glory, honour and praise that He deserves. Klang Wesley is blessed with a vibrant and energetic team of musicians, dancers, singers and technicians who help facilitate events and worship meetings.
A team of dedicated worship leaders, singers, musicians, sound and multimedia technicians are involved in weekly celebration services. While everyone has specific skills and talents and have their own responsibilities, we come together with the same purpose – to magnify the greatness of God in Jesus Christ through the power of the Holy Spirit, skilfully combining God's Word with music, thereby motivating the gathered church to proclaim the Gospel, cherish God's presence, and live for God's glory.
We work in teams according to a roster and serve on the weekly Sunday celebrations, as well as on special functions like weddings, seminars etc. Rehearsals are usually held on Saturdays in the main Sanctuary.
The dance ministry aims to impact the lives of girls of all ages through the expression of tambourine dance, interpretative dance and signing, streamers and banners, and contemporary dance. Emphasis is given to teaching God's word through times of devotion and memorizing scripture verses. Through this, we nurture the girls in the dance team spiritually as well as help them understand their roles as servants of the living God.
We believe that talent and skill go hand in hand with commitment and a calling to serve in any ministry. Every member of the dance team must go through an assessment syllabus before they progress to the next level. There are 4 exams currently for the tambourine dance:- Beginner, Intermediate 1 & 2, Advance 1 and Advance 2. The girls serving in the Praise and Worship Team on Sunday mornings must pass the Beginner level.
The dance team gives opportunity for girls to worship God with in dance as they participate in major events like Easter and Christmas, Sunday School Sundays, weddings and church events. The dance team meets every Sunday morning to hone their skills.
The Flag Ministry aims to impact the lives of boys of all ages through the expression of flag twirling. Like the tambourine girls, flag boys are nurtured spiritually by memorizing Bible verses and learning about God. The set syllabus for assessment of twirling flags covers Beginner, Intermediate 1 & 2, Advance 1 and Advance 2. To serve in the Praise & Worship Team on Sunday mornings, boys must pass the Beginner and Intermediate levels of twirling flags.
Like their Sisters in the Dance Team, Flag Boys will also be given opportunity to worship God and serve in major events of the church like Easter, Christmas, Sunday School Sunday and others.
Klang Wesley recognizes that skilled musicianship doesn't just happen. It is a result of committed practice and honing of skills plus a dedication to worship and love God through their instruments. The Childrens' Music Team is aimed at impacting the lives of young boys and girls through music by nurturing and developing their talents in playing musical instruments.
Through this ministry, we teach children how to play an instrument with the long term goal of having these children join the worship team as musicians. Hence, being extremely worship-oriented, teaching points include defining worship, the attitude of being a worship team member, and communication methods between musicians and worship leader.
At the moment the ministry's focus is solely on guitar, and there are 2 levels that the children need to accomplish before continuing on to serve in the Sunday School worship ministry – Beginner and Intermediate. The ministry is open to boys and girls 12 years and under, and both Beginner and Intermediate classes are Free.
The choir is usually mobilized prior to Easter, Christmas and other major events. A core group of singers form the choir's nucleus, and invitation to join is usually extended to members of all ages and gender, who love singing and serving the Lord and also to glorify God and lead others into the worship of God.


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The Long Way from Non-Reductionism to Transdisciplinarity: Critical Questions about Levels of Reality and the Constitution of Human Beings
By Cecilia Dockendorff on September 1, 2011
1.- Reductionism: from science to culture and every day life "The vision of Nature in any given era depends on the imagination prevailing in that era which, in turn, depends on a multitude of parameters… Once formed, the image of Nature acts on all fields of knowledge" (Manifesto of Transdisciplinarity) Why are we concerned about reductionism? We, in this case,
Latin-American Prospective to an Integration of Knowledge: Beyond "Interdisciplinarity" and "Transdisciplinarity"
By Lucio Florio on September 1, 2011
The historical attempts to achieve a "universalis scientia" since the Modern age have always crashed against the permanent temptation of syncretism1. This paper is a continuation of a paper presented at the 2005 Metanexus Meeting, where it was proposed some essential issues to consider for an integration of knowledge: a. The level of reliability of the disciplines. b. Their control
A Transdisciplinary Perspective Viewed through Anabaptist Eyes
By Christian Early on September 1, 2011
Introduction to Theme This paper presents two claims: (1) Attachment is a universal thread that holds the fabric of life together and (2) Anabaptist theology theorizes Christian community and relationship with God in ways that identify attachment for human flourishing and social peace. We expand the first claim by describing the necessary biological bases for attachment with a focus on
Wolfgang Pauli, Carl Jung, and the Acausal Connecting Principle: A Case Study in Transdisciplinarity
By Charlene Burns on September 1, 2011
The same organizing forces that have shaped nature in all her forms are also responsible for the structure of our minds. —Werner Heisenberg1 While many universities and colleges have only recently begun moving toward multi-and interdisciplinary programs and offerings, transdisciplinarity, a concept that first appeared on the academic scene in the early 1970s, has become an important trend in some
Transdisciplinarity and the Development of an Integrated Model of Personhood, Health, and Wellness
By Mark Wood on September 1, 2011
Good health and well being require a clean and harmonious environment in which physical, physiological, social and aesthetic factors are all given their due importance. The environment should be regarded as a resource for improving living conditions and increasing well being. – World Health Organization Of all the forms of inequality, injustice in health care is the most shocking and


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Hirzel is a German-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Peter Hirzel (born 1939), Swiss cyclist
 Rudolf Hirzel (1846–1917), German classical scholar
 Susanna Hirzel, known as Susette (1769–1858), Swiss painter

German-language surnames

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Finau ties PGA Championship record with 10 birdies
Tony Finau watches his second shot on the 10th hole during the first round of the PGA Championship golf tournament at Bellerive Country Club, Thursday, Aug. 9, 2018, in St. Louis. (AP Photo/Jeff Roberson)
By DOUG FERGUSON, AP Golf Writer
ST. LOUIS (AP) — Tony Finau tried not to look at the opening two rounds of the PGA Championship as a Ryder Cup audition as he played alongside U.S. captain Jim Furyk.
He sure didn't damage his chances.
Not by matching a PGA Championship record with 10 birdies in the second round.
Not by bouncing back from a 74 to make the cut on the number.
"He was just shaking his head," Finau said after finishing the rain-delayed round Saturday morning with a 4-under 66, a round that featured just four pars. "For sure, it was the craziest round I think he's ever seen. So the good news is 10 birdies in a major is pretty good."
Finau began this wild ride Friday afternoon with five straight birdies, four of them from between 20 and 25 feet, the shortest one at 12 feet. And then his round was derailed — but only temporarily — when he came up a foot short of the green on the par-3 sixth hole, went into the water and made triple bogey.
That's what impressed Furyk the most — not so much the five birdies, but Finau's response to the triple bogey.
He birdied the next two holes.
"So in eight holes, he had seven birdies," Furyk said. "I was giving him crap because he let us down on the back nine with only three birdies. That's the mark of good players. They fight."
Finau was among five players who accompanied Furyk to France this summer for a scouting trip at Le Golf Nacional, the host course of the Sept. 28-30 Ryder Cup matches. Finau is No. 13 in the standings and this is the last week to earn one of the eight automatic spots. Furyk then has four captain's picks to make on Sept. 4.
"He's got a great head on his shoulders," Furyk said. "He showed a lot of poise."
Those birdies after his big blunder stood out to Finau, one of only 11 players to make the cut in all four majors this year. With a front pin on the seventh hole, he went some 25 feet beyond the flag and holed the putt, and then got up-and-down from a bunker on par-5 eighth.
Even his first par was an adventure — Finau had to make a 12-footer.
Best of all was making the cut on the number at even-par 140, the lowest score to make a cut in the 60 years of stroke play at the PGA Championship.
"Honestly, I haven't hit it great, up to my standards, these first couple days," Finau said. "So I'll be looking to clean that up. And if the putter feels good and stays hot on the weekend, just try and make some kind of a run. Major championship golf is funny. You never know what can happen on the weekend."
He never imagined what it would take for him just to get to the weekend. Furyk, who also made the cut, will be paired with him again.
Keep renewable fuels industries strong


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Q: For h=liminf f(x+k) , show that h=0 almost everywhere. I was given some exercises about real analysis, but I cannot solve it.
Let $f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow[0, \infty)$ be an integrable function. For any $k \in \mathbb{N},$ define $f_{k}: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ by $f_{k}(x)=f(x+k)$ and set $h(x)=\liminf _{k \rightarrow \infty} f_{k}(x) .$ Show that $h=0$ almost everywhere
What I've tried is following :
Using Fatou's lemma, I can show that integral of h is finite since f is integrable.
Then, h(x)=h(x+n) for any integer n by definition of h. But I cannot proceed forward.
Please give me some advice!!

A: The idea is to use Fatou's Lemma to prove that $\int h = 0$, which is equivalent to $h=0$ almost everywhere.
For each $n\in\mathbb N$ consider the function $g_n = \chi_{[0,n]}\cdot f$. Then, we have $g_n \to f$ and $|g_n|\leq |f|$, and by the Dominated Conveergence Theorem, we conclude that
$$
\lim_{n\to\infty} \int g_n = \int f.
$$
Then, notice that
$$
\int f = \int f_n + \int g_n,\ \forall n\in\mathbb N,
$$
consequently,
$$
\lim_{n\to\infty} \int f_n = \lim_{n\to\infty} \int f - \int g_n = 0.
$$
Using Fatou's Lemma,
$$
\int h = \int \liminf_{k\to \infty} f_k \leq \liminf_{k\to\infty} \int f_k \leq \lim_{n\to\infty} \int f_n = 0.
$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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THROWBACK THURSDAY: Springtime in the Rockies
Tomorrow, Friday March 20, is the first day of Spring.
About damn time!
So in celebration of the changing of the season, here are three of my favorite songs about spring.
First, Gene Autry, performing the title song -- or close to it-- of one of his classic singing cowboy movies, Springtime in the Rockies, which was released in 1937.
Five years later, Betty Grable made a movie with the same title.
But Autry didn't write this song. A Mormon history blog called Keepapitchinin tells the tale:
The ballad became a hit single for Gene Autry, and later for country singer Hank Snow. The nostalgic words set to their simple melody suggest that this is an old folk song, its words polished by countless anonymous singers. But it is a 20th century creation, its lyrics written by a Mormon girl, Mary Hale Woolsey, born in Springville, Utah, in 1899.
Mary attended Provo High School, then Brigham Young University where she served as a class officer and wrote for student publications. With a keen ear for the spoken word, Mary wrote several operettas performed by local theater and church groups and found a ready market for her radio plays.
She successfully collaborated with professional musicians. "Springtime in the Rockies" was published in 1929 with music written by Robert Sauer and was followed by other songs in the sentimental western genre – "When the Wild, Wild Roses Bloom," "Colorado Skies," and "On the Trails of Timpanogas" were all popular for a time.
So there is our history lesson for the day. Here are two other spring favorites:
Here is Bobby Troup, the guy who wrote "(Get Your Kicks On) Route 66."
But I first heard "Their Hearts Were Full of Spring" by The Beach Boys, who based their version on that of The Four Freshmen. Here is a downright haunting live rendition from sometime in the '80s:
Finally, here's Elvis and some pals with "Spring Fever" from his motion picture classic from 50 years ago, Girl Happy.
Happy springtime to all!
Party Like It's ONE MILLION YEARS BC on the new Bi...
Live Tonight on the Santa Fe Opry: Mose McCormack
TERRELL'S TUNE-UP: Mojo JuJu and Bettye LaVette Ca...
THROWBACK THURSDAY: Kingdom Coming in the Year of ...
WACKY WEDNESDAY: The Whole World Digs That Sound F...
WACKY WEDNESDAY: Some Favorite Cartoon Themes
Later That Lifetime: An Update for The Roots of Pi...
THROWBACK THURSDAY: Brennan on the Moor
WACKY WEDNESDAY: Karaoke to Frighten the Children
TERRELL'S TUNE-UP: Sleater-Kinney plus The Grannies
THROWBACK THURSDAY: Gonna Murder My Baby
WACKY WEDNESDAY: It's Duckadelic!


text:
exultemus
Looking at the world with the eyes of faith.
The Old Testament Unpacked
So, what is the Old Testament?
The kingdom rises … and falls
From Eden to the Land of Promise
Seeking after Wisdom
Reading the signs of the times
Tag: Hymns
My God, how wonderful thou art
This is the text of the final talk in a series of talks for Lent 2017 given in the parish church of St Peter and St Paul, Lufton
John Newton, born in 1725, led an unpromising early life, pressed into the Royal Navy, captured and enslaved, he became the first mate and later captain aboard slave ships. During a serious illness in West Africa he acknowledged his need of God and was converted. In time, not immediately, he renounced his former life, married his childhood sweetheart and after a time working in Liverpool as a tax collector sought ordination. It took him seven years, because of his life as a slaver and as a virtual pirate, to persuade a Bishop that he should be accepted and was eventually made perpetual curate of Olney in Buckinghamshire in 1764. He worked there for seventeen years until he moved to St Mary, Woolnoth in London, where there is a memorial to him.
At Olney his assistant was William Cowper. Together they compiled a new hymn book, Olney Hymns, in 1779. The hymns were written not for the church services but for the prayer meeting. Continue reading "My God, how wonderful thou art"
Author exultemusPosted on March 30, 2017 Categories Bible, Church, Hymns, Psalms, UncategorizedTags belief, bible, discipleship, Hymns, Jesus, Psalms, renewalLeave a comment on My God, how wonderful thou art
Love Divine
This is the text of the third of a series of talks for Lent 2017, given in the Parish Church of St Peter & st Paul, Lufton
Today's talk is entitled Love divine.
While during the Reformation and in the years after it in Germany the Lutherans were singing hymns the situation in England was rather different, perhaps because the Reformation took a very different course.
The dissatisfaction with the abuses of the Catholic Church and the Papacy were felt by dissenters and reformers in exactly the same way as in continental Europe. The political situation though was the catalyst for change. Henry VIII's need of a male heir drove him to declare a sort of Universal Declaration of Independence. It was never Henry's intention that the liturgy or practice of the Church should change but events on the continent together with a growing movement in England made change inevitable. So it was that during the reign of Edward the first Book of Common Prayer was introduced in 1549 and followed in 1552 by the second. However, although the worship was now in the vernacular the practice of hymn singing was not encouraged. Continue reading "Love Divine"
Author exultemusPosted on March 22, 2017 Categories Bible, Church, Hymns, PsalmsTags belief, Hymns, scriptureLeave a comment on Love Divine
Hail, gladdening light
This is the second of a series of talks for Lent 2017, given in the Parish Church of St Peter & St Paul, Lufton
Read last week's talk here.
Tonight's talk I have entitled Hail, gladdening light.
St Ambrose was Bishop of Milan from 374 until his death in 397. Together with St Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers (d. 367), Ambrose is considered the father of western hymnody, although it is by no means certain that he wrote any of the hymns attributed to him. What is more certain is that he was responsible at Milan for importing an antiphonal style of singing (in which one side of the choir responds to the other) from the Eastern Church.
Between twelve and eighteen hymns are attributed to him, four with a fair degree of certainty – although at various times in the past many more have been. He is also said, together with St Augustine, to have written the song which we know now as the Te Deum, although neither he nor Augustine mention it in their writings so we cannot be certain. Continue reading "Hail, gladdening light"
Author exultemusPosted on March 15, 2017 March 15, 2017 Categories Bible, Hymns, Prayer, PsalmsTags belief, Hymns, scripture1 Comment on Hail, gladdening light
As Pants the Hart for Cooling Streams
This is the text of the first of a series of talks for Lent 2017, given in the the Parish Church of St Peter & St Paul, Lufton
I've entitled this series of talks Hymns and the Faith. In each of the talks we'll look at one or more hymns to see what we can learn from them about the history of singing hymns in church, and also about what singing hymns can teach about God, about Jesus and about the teachings of the Christian faith.
This first talk I've called As pants the hart. The hymn was published in 1696 in the New Version of the Psalms of David in Metre by Nahum Tate and Nicholas Brady. It is, of course, a metrical version of Psalm 42. The original version was much longer than the version we find in our modern hymn books which have only three verses from Tate and Brady's hymn and a doxology added. Continue reading "As Pants the Hart for Cooling Streams"
Author exultemusPosted on March 8, 2017 March 15, 2017 Categories Bible, Church, Hymns, PsalmsTags belief, bible, Hymns, Psalms2 Comments on As Pants the Hart for Cooling Streams
Fr Peter Down
I am the Parish Priest of five Anglican parishes in South Somerset. I love rugby union and cricket. I enjoy jazz and classical music (and lots besides).
We have a decision to make
Holy Year
Five Crosses
exultemus Blog at WordPress.com.


text:
DELFI ENWorld Lithuanians
Lithuanians in Britain more concerned about Brexit than benefit cuts
The Lithuanian community in Great Britain have more concerns about the possibility of the country leaving the European Union than proposals to cut benefits for EU migrants.
© Vida Press
"There are concerns about what would happen, if the British people voted in the referendum to leave the EU. The status of [Lithuanians] who reside here would be put into question," Zita Čapaitė, leader of the Lithuanian community in London, tells BNS.
In the case of Brexit, Lithuanians in Britain might be faced with a dilemma: keep their Lithuanian citizenship or seek naturalization in the UK.
Čapaitė says that Lithuanian migrants do care about the British government's proposals to cut certain benefits, but they are reassured by guarantees that it would only apply to new arrivals.
The European Council is starting a meeting on Thursday to discuss Britain's proposals for reform in the European Union. PM David Cameron has also promised a referendum on the UK's membership in the EU.
Discrimination against some EU citizens cannot be price for avoiding Brexit - Lithuanian President (1)
Lithuania 'cannot imagine' EU without Britain
One of the points London is making is that it should be allowed to restrict certain in-work and childcare benefits for newly-arrived EU migrants.
There are about 100,000 Lithuanian nationals residing in England, according to census data from 2011. Čapaitė says that the actual number could be "twice as big".
European Union countries must look for compromise and help the British government convince the...
Lithuania cannot imagine the European Union (EU) without the United Kingdom , says the country's...
Draft proposals to keep Britain in EU to hit Lithuanian migrants in UK
Draft proposals by European Council president Donald Tusk to keep Britain in the European Union...
Brexit is bigger challenge for EU than refugees, Lithuanian MP says (1)
Britain's planned referendum on quitting the European Union is a bigger challenge to the EU than the...
21 Venezuelan Lithuanians willing to move to Lithuania (2)
Lithuania's Ministry of Foreign Affairs says it's in contact with 21 Venezuelan Lithuanians...
4th Honorary Consulate opened in Australia
On 13 December, the Ambassador of Lithuania to Australia Gediminas Varvuolis opened the Honorary...
Lithuanian February 16 school in Germany picks new principle
The Lithuanian February 16 High School in Germany will be led by Rasa Weiss , board chairman of...
Nauseda vows to get back to dual citizenship issue "one way or another"
Lithuanian President Gitanas Nauseda has met with Lithuanians living in the United Kingdom and...
Ex-Lithuanian diplomat in France Backis dies
Former Lithuanian diplomat and chairman of the Lithuanian community in France Ricardas Backis...


New South Wales will take on Victoria for the 7th match of Aussie ODD Cup 2018, is going to be played on 23 September, Sunday at North Sydney Oval, Sydney. NSW Vs VCT Aussie ODD Cup Dream11 prediction is given in this post with all key stats.
Peter Nevil is ruled out of the whole tournament due to injury .
Chris Green and Ben Dwarshuis are added to the squad in place of J Sangha and T Copeland.
Both Green and B Dwarhuis can play this match.
R Gibson and M Edwards are expected to make way for them.
D Hughes, Ryan Gibson, K Patterson (c), M Henriques, N Larkin, J Edwards, J Lenton (wk), Daniel Sams, S Abbott, S O'Keefe/Chris Green, Mickey Edwards/B Dwarishus.
M Harris, Seb Gotch (wk), C White, N Maddinson, Peter Handscomb (c and wk), G Maxwell, S Boland/M Short, Chris Tremain, Will Sutherland, Tom O'Connell, J Coleman.


LegalRoad provides a transparent approach to our fees structures for tenant evictions under an assured shorthold tenancy. We are able to fix these fees as most of these actions run to a standard process.
We have also considered those type actions which require more extensive work and also include a breakdown of these fee. Please note that court fees may be subject to change and that all our fees are inclusive of VAT.
Serving a section 21 or section 8 on your tenant.
Applying for a warrant of execution and applying for a county court bailiff to eject the tenant, including the court fee.
If landlord's address on tenancy isn't in England or Wales, a Section-48 notice must be served before the service of a section 8 Notice. Failure to do so will mean that any claim for rent, rent arrears or service charges will not be enforceable in the courts.
Where a property is occupied by a tenants and was sold and the tenant was not correctly informed than a change of landlord letter will be sent out including the section 48 Notice requirements.
Where the section 8 Notice includes grounds other than the rent arrears for grounds 8, 10 & 11: Assessing the file, advice, drafting and serving notice by post on tenant and one guarantor.
An additional £48.00 to serve the section 21 Notice with the section 8 Notice, if the tenant is likely to disrupt the section 8 process. The section 21 can help you to gain faster possession of the property.
The serving of notice by hand is not always a requirement. The benefit of serving the notice is that the hand-deliver signs a witness statement to confirm its service and can produced the desired effect upon the tenant. There is always the risk that the tenant fails to vacate the property and then denies receipt of the notice which can result in an adjournment.
This all-inclusive fixed fee covers checking the notice issued, case preparation, the solicitor fee, court fee and barrister fee where needed.
The standard section 21 Accelerated Procedure cannot be used if your matter doesn't comply with the rules. For example there has been a change of landlord, the agreement is missing or it has been an oral tenancy. The matter will then require a hearing with more preparation from the solicitor and a barrister appearance.
When the court orders a tenant to pay landlord's costs then the costs are likely to be fixed at under £450.00. We will compile a Statement of Costs when we prepare the case and the landlord considers that there is a good chance of him recovering his money.
Applying for a warrant of execution and applying for a county court bailiff, including the court fee.
Apply for a transfer up to High Court, obtain order to transfer up and apply for a High Court Bailiff. After 1st hour, Bailiff is £90/hr.
When the tenant applies to stay or suspend the warrant there will be a hearing. Making the application £180.00 plus representation at court £220.00.
We can oversee the eviction and sign the warrant on behalf of the landlord.
We have extensive expertise in residential property disputes. Our expertise includes boundary disputes; evicting squatters and landlord & tenant issues, including tenancy breaches, disrepair, rent arrears, possession claims, injunctions & forfeiture claims.


I've been talking about how the Nat Turner rebellion stretched into the North Carolina counties neighboring Southampton, Virginia -- and especially the beheading of a slave who had the misfortune to wander through Murfreesboro.
The rebellion's ripples stretched to Chapel Hill. Students formed a voluntary guard, then petitioned Governor Stokes for muskets. They wrote that the "truly alarming attitude of a few . . . of our black population has reached our ears, and as you may well suppose has created no little excitement amongst us." While the students did not believe "we need apprehend danger in this quarter from insurrection," they realized that such a "thing is possible." And they pleaded that "in the event of an attack, we should in our present situation, destitute of weapons, be wholly unprepared to resist them." That was the wind-up to a big ask of the Governor: send us guns.
From these considerations we feel the imperious necessity of taking some step to equip ourselves with arms. We therefore have thought it expedient to request your Excellency to furnish us with sixty stand of arms, or more if practicable.
That is, the students were asking for as many guns as the Governor would send; it won't surprise you to hear that Governor Stokes' papers in Raleigh are littered with similar requests. And just to drive home that the Governor should send guns to the University, UNC's President Joseph Caldwell separately wrote to promise the governor that "measures will be taken agreeably to any directions that may be given . . . to inspect the muskets once a day, and deposit them when not in use, in a place of safe keeping, so that they may be preserved free from damage...."
I've crossed paths with President Caldwell a few times before -- as a graduation orator and as a character in an obscure Caroline Hentz novel (thanks to a paper by Susannah Loumiet). People who trek across UNC's campus will be familiar with the Caldwell monument. But I'm partial to a more obscure monument on our campus and I use it as an illustration of this post. It's the monument to Caldwell's slaves, which is in the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery.


text:
Q: Empty user input how can I give some print statement when user input is empty/blank.Here is my code so far where radius (r) is an argument.
package demo;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Circ{
    public static void main(String []args)
{

        double area,r,circumference;
        System.out.println("enter the radius");
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);
        r=scan.nextDouble();

        if(r<0)
        {
            System.out.println("mismatch value");
            System.exit(0);
        }

        else{
            area=3.14*r*r;
            circumference=2*3.14*r;
            System.out.println("The area is " + area + "circumference is " + circumference);
        }

    }
}

A: You can use hasNextDouble() to check whether a double exists in the stream. User cannot give empty input, it won't be accepted. Your program will wait until the user types non-whitespace charater(s) and then presses enter. If the input is not a double, then InputMismatchException will be thrown.


With all the Olympic events a few weeks ago, it got me thinking about success and how it is defined. Sure, we talk about gold, silver and bronze medals and the athletes who win them, but is a medal the ultimate symbol of success? Does a gold medal mean that you had more success than the silver medalist? Does simply being on the podium suggest that you are more of a champion?
Consider the various regattas your team has entered. At some, there is little to no competition and your team easily walks away with a medal. Everyone takes photos of themselves with their medals, celebrating their achievements because there is tangible evidence of the win. Yet at other races, the competition is so stiff your team is elated to have finished in the top 10. There might be considerably less photos taken because, well, how do you document that achievement in a photo? But at which race would you consider your team more successful? Which makes you feel as if your hard work has been rewarded?
Think about the various athletes on your team. For some, athleticism comes naturally. They have been engaging in some sort of athletic endeavor since childhood and are accustomed to the kinesthetic rigors of sports. Others have only recently found themselves pursuing athletic activities. For them fitness, conditioning and flexibility may be much more of a struggle. What one paddler may take for granted in terms of coordination or endurance, another may have had to really fight for. If both are on the race roster, who has had more success in getting there?
I recently read about 2016 Olympian runner Nikki Hamblin who helped Abbey D'Agostino cross the finish line after the two were involved in a mid-race collision in which D'Agostino fell and clipped Hamblin. Helping D'Agostino to her feet, Hamblin encouraged her by saying, "We have to finish!" Hamblin was awarded the rare Olympic Fair Play award that has only been handed out 17 times in Olympic History. Although Hamblin was not on the podium, is she not successful?
Consider the periodic fitness testing or other type of testing your team may take part in. Most of us aren't overjoyed at the idea of fitness testing, though we all realize it's important as a way to document our progress and strengthen our team as a whole. We all get nervous. We all wish it could be over sooner. And in the end we get ranked or somehow ordered. But as a list of numbers, does that list give any insight as to what each person has endured to get where they are? Not long ago, I watched a teammate celebrate her first pull up. Others on the team can do 20 or 30 or likely even more. Who is more successful at that moment? The answer is certainly arguable.
The thing about success, in my mind, is that we will never truly know the path that a person or team has taken to get where they are. The major television broadcasting companies aren't exactly waiting in line to interview dragon boaters to find out what they've had to overcome to get where they are. Sure, we see stories about the Olympic athletes, and the media loves to highlight the unusual or extreme biographies such as the 2016 summer Olympic stars who have conquered adversity: US gymnast Simone Biles, refugee swimmer Yusra Mardini, or Brazilian judo star Rafaela Silva. But what if we each had to write our own story? Or our team's story? What would be illustrated as your path to success? What struggles would be highlighted?
I'm sure you've seen the diagram below. It's so very true, but if the path didn't look like that twisted and windy road, would we just take it for granted? Would we even call the end result a "success"? If it were direct and easy, maybe it would be just another task accomplished without much thought.
Think about the personal development you have seen in yourself as an individual paddler. Be completely honest with yourself. What level of effort have you put towards your training and what progress have you experienced thus far as a result? What are your ambitions or intentions as a paddler? How far have you come and how far are you looking to go?
How do you feel about your position within the team? Being near the bottom of the pack gives you quite a lot to strive for and can certainly be a nice motivation to work harder if your goal is to stay on the team or be on the race crew. Being closer to the top of the crew can sometimes backfire because you might see no reason to strive for improvement if the rest of the team isn't perceived as putting in the effort to advance.
And now consider your team as a whole. Whether your team has taken the route of being competitive or all-inclusive, the team's successes and failures cannot be defined solely in terms of medals. How far has your team come in terms of growth? What goals did your team achieve last year? What goals have you set for this year?
So, whether you're contemplating your own successes or those of your team, it's important that your determination isn't based purely on medals or your personal ranking on the team. Your path towards improvement is a crucial component of your overall success. Don't discount the journey.


text:
April 6, 2017 - 9:19 am EST 3 years ago
DJ Suffers Freak Injury, Questionable For Masters
Dan Bier Follow
Current World Number One Dustin Johnson is questionable to compete in this year's Masters after injuring his lower back in a freak accident at his rental home in Augusta on Wednesday. Johnson's agent, David Winkle, released the following statement shortly afterward.
"At roughly 3:00 pm today, Dustin took a serious fall on a staircase in his Augusta rental home," the statement read. "He landed very hard on his lower back and is now resting, although quite uncomfortably. He has been advised to remain immobile and begin a regimen of anti-inflammatory medication and icing, with the hope of being able to play tomorrow [Thursday]."
Masters favorite Dustin Johnson injures lower back after taking fall on stairs this afternoon. Manager says DJ "hopes" to play tomorrow. Wow
— Doug Ferguson (@dougferguson405) April 5, 2017
According to Golf World's Tim Rosaforte, Johnson was on a short staircase going into the basement when his feet went out from under him. Johnson's fiancée Paulina Gretzky said the fall "sounded like a huge thud." When Johnson's trainer Joey Diovisalvi walked into the house, Johnson's first words were, "Dude, I can't believe I did that."
Johnson entered the week as the betting favorite coming off three consecutive wins including two World Golf Championships. He is scheduled to tee off at 2:03 on Thursday with two-time Masters champion Bubba Watson and reigning PGA Championship winner Jimmy Walker.
"We're optimistic." @CoachJoeyD told @siriusxm that he's hopeful we'll see @DJohnsonPGA play #themasters pic.twitter.com/UmSq8qdGvw
— Masters Radio on SXM (@SiriusXMPGATOUR) April 6, 2017
As of Thursday morning, Johnson's team reports he is progressing and still hopes to tee it up in the afternoon.
"We got him to the point where he got mobility," said Johnson's trainer Joey Diovisalvi. "He was up and moving around and definitely going in the right direction. He was very much in an under control point going to bed last night."
"Obviously disappointed that he fell. He told us, 'I'm going to do everything I can to go out and play tomorrow,'" said Diovisalvi. "That basically is his attitude. He was playing with Tatum. Life sometimes happens. He's not angry or upset, I'd say more discouraged."
[Golf Digest]
Keep yourself up-to-date with the latest goings-on in the world of golf by following the SwingxSwing Clubhouse on social media. We share stories, stats and breaking news on Twitter, keep the fun going off the course on Instagram and share any and all golf-related topics on Facebook.


text:
Dreams Must Explain Themselves: The Selected Non-Fiction of Ursula K. Le Guin
Ursula K. Le Guin has won or been nominated for over 200 awards for her fiction, including the Hugo, Nebula, World Fantasy and SFWA Grand Master Awards. She is the acclaimed author of the Earthsea sequence and The Left Hand of Darkness - which alone would qualify her for literary immortality - as well as a remarkable body of short fiction, including the powerful, Hugo-winning 'The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas' and the masterpiece of anthropological and environmental SF 'The Word for World is Forest' - winner of the Hugo Award for best novella.
But Ursula Le Guin's talents do not stop at fiction. Over the course of her extraordinary career, she has penned numerous essays around themes important to her: anthropology, environmentalism, feminism, social justice and literary criticism to name a few. She has responded in detail to criticism of her own work and even reassessed that work in the context of such critiques. This selection of the best of Le Guin's non-fiction shows an agile mind, an unparalleled imagination and a ferocious passion to argue against injustice.
In 2014 Ursula Le Guin was awarded the National Book Foundation's Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters, and her widely praised acceptance speech is one of the highlights of this volume, which shows that one of modern literature's most original voices is also one of its purest consciences.
About the Author :: Ursula K. Le Guin
Ursula Kroeber Le Guin (1929-2018) was an American author. She has written novels, poetry, children's books, essays, and short stories, most notably in the fantasy and science fiction genres.
Le Guin was first published in the 1960s. Her works explore philosophical, psychological and sociological themes. She has received several Hugo and Nebula awards, and was awarded the Gandalf Grand Master award in 1979 and the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America Grand Master Award in 2003.
Le Guin was born in Berkeley, California, the daughter of the anthropologist Alfred L. Kroeber and the writer Theodora Kroeber. Her father was granted the first Ph.D. in Anthropology in the United States in 1901 (Columbia University). She ... (more)
became interested in literature when she was very young. At the age of eleven she submitted her first story to the magazine Astounding Science Fiction (it was rejected).
She received her M.A. from Columbia University in 1952. She later studied in France, where she met her husband, historian Charles Le Guin. They were married in 1953. Le Guin has lived in Portland, Oregon since 1958. She has three children and four grandchildren.
Le Guin's earliest writings (little published at the time, but some appeared in adapted form much later in Orsinian Tales and Malafrena), were non-fantastic stories of imaginary countries. Searching for a publishable way to express her interests, she returned to her early interest in science fiction and began to be published regularly in the early 1960s. She became famous after the publication of her 1969 novel The Left Hand of Darkness, which won the Hugo and Nebula awards.
Much of Le Guin's science fiction places a strong emphasis on the social sciences, including sociology and anthropology. Her writing often makes use of unusual alien cultures to convey a message about our own culture: one example is the exploration of sexual identity through the hermaphroditic race in The Left Hand of Darkness.
A number of Le Guin's science fiction works, including her award-winning novels The Dispossessed and The Left Hand of Darkness, are set in a future, post-Imperial galactic civilization loosely connected by a co-operative body known as the Ekumen. The Ekumen is not a governing body, but rather a conduit for the exchange of information, goods, and mutual cultural understanding. Novels such as The Left Hand of Darkness and The Telling deal with the consequences of the arrival of Ekumen envoys (known as "mobiles") on remote planets and the culture shock that ensues.
The Ekumen possesses not faster-than-light travel, although the Ekumen possesses a means of instantaneous interstellar communication, through a device called the ansible, the invention and consequences of which form the main plot of The Dispossessed. In this loose background scenario, the human species originated on the planet Hain in the distant past, near the galactic center. Because te galactic empire lacked faster-than-light travel or communication, it collapsed. Thousands of years passed, during which time the populations of many outlying planets became so isolated from the central galactic civilization that they lost all knowledge of their origins.
Photo: Eileen Gunn.
23 hours 1 minute ago


text:
886 F. 2d 70 - Hb Zachry Company v. National Labor Relations Board
886 F2d 70 Hb Zachry Company v. National Labor Relations Board
886 F.2d 70
132 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 2377, 58 USLW 2181,
112 Lab.Cas. P 11,437
H.B. ZACHRY COMPANY, Petitioner,
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent.
Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc.; Associated
General Contractors of America, Inc.;
International Brotherhood of
Boilermakers, Amici Curiae.
H.B. ZACHRY COMPANY, Respondent,
Nos. 88-2615(L), 88-2616.
Fourth Circuit.
Argued May 9, 1989.
Decided Sept. 20, 1989.
William E. Twomey, Jr. (Thomas G. Hardy, III, McGuire, Woods, Battle & Boothe, Richmond, Va., on brief) for petitioner H.B. Zachry Co.
Collis Suzanne Stocking, Supervisory Atty. (Rosemary M. Collyer, Gen. Counsel, Robert E. Allen, Associate Gen. Counsel, Aileen A. Armstrong, Deputy Associate Gen. Counsel, N.L.R.B., Washington, D.C., on brief) for respondent N.L.R.B.
Michael E. Kennedy, on brief, for amicus curiae, The Associated General Contractors of America, Inc. in support of petitioner.
Robert G. Ames, Patrick J. Stewart, Venable, Baetjer, Howard & Civiletti, Washington, D.C., on brief, for amicus curiae Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc. in support of petitioner.
Michael T. Manley, Robert L. Dameron, Blake & Uhlig, P.A., Kansas City, Mo., on brief, for amicus curiae International Broth. of Boilermakers in support of the NLRB.
Before RUSSELL and WILKINSON, Circuit Judges, and TURK, Chief United States District Judge for the Western District of Virginia, sitting by designation.
WILKINSON, Circuit Judge:
H.B. Zachry Company petitions for review of a decision by the National Labor Relations Board which found Zachry guilty of unfair labor practices. 289 NLRB 117 (1988). The Board held that Zachry violated various sections of the National Labor Relations Act when it refused to hire a fully-paid professional union organizer. Because we find that Edwards was not a bona fide applicant for employment and therefore not covered under the Act, we deny enforcement of the Board's order.
Barry Edwards was first employed by Zachry at its Roxboro, North Carolina site as a journeyman boilermaker welder on March 28, 1980. Edwards successfully completed welding tests for heavy and light wall construction. The record reflects that his work was satisfactory, and that he was proficient at his trade.
Edwards, however, was discharged in what the Board found to be an unfair labor practice in violation of sections 8(a)(1) and (3) of the Act, H.B. Zachry Co., 261 NLRB 681 (1982). Zachry was ordered, inter alia, to reinstate Edwards to his former job at the Roxboro project with full backpay. By the time the reinstatement order was issued, however, the work at the Roxboro project had been completed.
In 1984 and 1985, Edwards applied without success to work for Zachry in Chesapeake, Virginia, where the company was constructing and repairing boilers for the Virginia Electric and Power Company. Zachry's final refusal to hire Edwards occurred on August 20, 1985. At the time he was applying to work for Zachry in Chesapeake, Edwards was a full-time union organizer and planned to remain, concurrent with his employment by Zachry, in the employment of the union. If Edwards had been able to gain employment with Zachry, the union had intended to make up any shortfall in his salary. In addition, the union would have continued payments for his health and life insurance and pension. It also would have paid his daily transportation expenses to and from the job and any living expenses related to the job. Edwards concedes that he sought employment in order to enter the plant and organize.
Zachry never hired Edwards at the Chesapeake site. The Board, in agreement with the administrative law judge, found that the company violated sections 8(a)(1), (3), and (4) of the Act by refusing to hire Edwards because he had participated in a Board proceeding against the company in connection with his work at Roxboro and because he was a union organizer.1 In so holding, the Board relied heavily on a line of its decisions originating with Oak Apparel, 218 NLRB 120 (1975). In Oak Apparel, the Board ruled that a professional union organizer is an employee within the meaning of the NLRA.
Zachry appeals, claiming primarily that Edwards' position as a professional union organizer fully justified its refusal to hire him under the Act. The record reflects that Edwards' status as a paid union organizer would alone have caused the company to deny him employment. See NLRB v. Transportation Management, 462 U.S. 393, 103 S.Ct. 2469, 76 L.Ed.2d 667 (1983). We must therefore address the lawfulness of that decision.
We deny enforcement of the Board's order because we find that Edwards was not a bona fide applicant for employment as that term is understood in the National Labor Relations Act. Although the Act explicitly refers only to the protections afforded "employees," the Supreme Court has held that "applicants" for employment are likewise protected. See Phelps Dodge Corp. v. NLRB, 313 U.S. 177, 61 S.Ct. 845, 85 L.Ed. 1271 (1940). Thus, in defining "applicant," we are called upon to give content to a term not actually found within the relevant portions of the Act. Because an "applicant" is a prospective employee, however, we look to the meaning of the term "employee" to inform our understanding of what it means to be an "applicant."
Although the task of defining the term "employee" or, in this case, "applicant," has been assigned primarily to the NLRB as the agency created by Congress to administer the Act, the Court has "never immunized Board judgments from judicial review in this respect." Chemical Workers v. Pittsburgh Glass, 404 U.S. 157, 166, 92 S.Ct. 383, 390, 30 L.Ed.2d 341 (1971) citing NLRB v. Hearst Publications, 322 U.S. 111, 131, 64 S.Ct. 851, 860, 88 L.Ed. 1170 (1944). The Act itself provides a section defining "employee" for purposes of the Act, 29 U.S.C. Sec. 152(3).2 The definitional section, however, merely outlines the types of employment covered by the statute; it does not absolve courts of the duty to interpret the plain language of the statute or the plain meaning of the term "employee" itself.
The Board argues that the definition of the term "employee" is sufficiently broad to include persons concurrently employed, supervised, and paid by another employer. It asserts that if hired, Edwards would do the work assigned him by Zachry and would work under the same conditions as any other Zachry employee. Thus, the Board contends, Edwards should be protected under the Act just as any other employee or, in this case, just as any other applicant.
The Board's argument exalts form over substance. Though if hired Edwards would undoubtedly share some of the external characteristics of a Zachry employee, at core he would remain an employee of the union. An employee is a person who while on the job works under the direction of a single employer. Although discrimination on the basis of union membership, union sympathies, or protected union activities is plainly forbidden under the Act, 29 U.S.C. Sec. 158(a), many of the normal incidents of the employer-employee relationship remain intact. The House of Representatives, when proposing in 1947 to override the Board's interpretation of "employees" to include independent contractors, described the intended definition of employee under the Act as follows: " 'Employees' work for wages or salaries under direct supervision .... It is inconceivable that Congress, when it passed the Act, authorized the Board to give to every word in the act whatever meaning it wished. On the contrary, Congress intended then, and it intends now, that the Board give to words not far-fetched meanings but ordinary meanings." H.R.Rep. No. 245, 80th Cong. 1st Sess., 18 (1947), quoted in Chemical Workers v. Pittsburgh Glass, 404 U.S. 157, 167-68, 92 S.Ct. 383, 391-92, 30 L.Ed.2d 341 (1971) (holding that retired workers were clearly not included in the ordinary meaning of "employee").
If Edwards simultaneously performs services for Zachry at his union employer's behest, he nonetheless remains in the union's employ, even though he receives some remuneration from Zachry. He cannot be considered an employee of Zachry since he is performing services for Zachry only because instructed to do so by his union employer. This is not to say that an employee owes his employer some type of transcendent loyalty; rather, it is only to emphasize that the plain meaning of the term "employee" contemplates an employee working under the direction of a single employer. The term plainly does not contemplate someone working for two different employers at the same time and for the same working hours.
The terms under which Edwards proposed to work for Zachry illustrate well why he is not an "employee" of Zachry within the meaning of the Act. Edwards testified at trial that he had been employed since 1983 as a full-time, professional organizer for the union. He first served as an organizer for Local 30 of the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders, Blacksmiths, Forgers, and Helpers, AFL-CIO. Since January 1, 1987, he has been an organizer and representative of the International Union. Zachry further testified that he was instructed by his supervisor in the union to go to the Chesapeake job site, secure employment and begin organizing. During the entire time Edwards sought employment with Zachry he was employed by the union as a paid full-time organizer. The parties also stipulated that Edwards would have remained at all times employed by the union and supervised by the union, even during the precise hours he was to work for Zachry. Once Edwards obtained employment from Zachry the amount of his salary from the union would have been reduced by the amount of his wages from Zachry. The union would have continued, as we have noted, to make full payments towards Edwards' health and life insurance and pension, because during this period Edwards was deemed to be on union business. It would distort the plain meaning of the word "employee" to hold that Edwards could ever be an employee of Zachry under these terms.
So too, it would be disingenuous to say that Edwards was a job applicant in the ordinary sense of the word. Edwards was not in search of a job; he already had and would continue to have that. Edwards was looking for entry to the Zachry plant in order to fulfill his duties as an organizer.
The Board has recognized the difficulties in equating a full-time union organizer with a bona fide employee under certain circumstances. Although the Board in Sears, Roebuck and Co., 170 NLRB 533, 535 n. 1 (1968), found that a paid union organizer was a bona fide employee under the Act, the Board went on to say that if an applicant "seeks only temporary employment in order to organize, and withholds from his employer the fact that he seeks only temporary employment, a different result might follow." See also Dee Knitting Mills, 412 NLRB 1041 (1974). It is hardly unreasonable, of course, for a company to assume that a paid organizer would prefer to stay on the job only temporarily, i.e., for the length of the organizational campaign, and not until a project was complete. It is not, however, merely the temporary nature of a full-time union organizer's interest in employment which distinguishes him or her from a bona fide applicant, but the entire character of the future employment relationship. Edwards' interest in applying to Zachry for employment was qualitatively different from that of a bona fide applicant.
The Board's contention that a paid union organizer is a bona fide applicant protected under the NLRA is even more plainly wrong when examined in light of the policy concerns underlying the Act. The Act presupposes some degree of adversariness between employers and unions. In order to protect the right of employees to determine for themselves, free from undue interference from either employer or union, whether or not to unionize, the Act places limits on the context in which this adversariness operates. See Carpenters' Union v. NLRB, 357 U.S. 93, 99-100, 78 S.Ct. 1011, 1016, 2 L.Ed.2d 1186 (1958) (recognizing that the NLRA and its amendments strike a "balance ... between the uncontrolled power of management and labor to further their respective interests"). For instance, section 8(a) of the Act restricts the tactics in which an employer can engage to influence the decision of its employees; section 8(b) restricts union tactics. In effect, the Act defines the terms on which union and employer can compete in seeking to convince the employees of the respective pros and cons of unionization. See NLRB v. Drivers Local Union, 362 U.S. 274, 287-88, 80 S.Ct. 706, 714, 4 L.Ed.2d 710 (1960) (quoting from legislative history of Sec. 8(b), 93 Cong.Rec. 4436).
To rule that a paid union organizer such as Edwards is a bona fide applicant protected by the Act would be to upset the careful balance struck by Congress. For example, a union does not have an absolute right to enter an employers' premises even for section 7 activities protected under section 8(a)(1) of the Act. In NLRB v. Babcock & Wilcox, 351 U.S. 105, 110, 76 S.Ct. 679, 683, 100 L.Ed. 975 (1956), the Court held that an employer is within its rights to post its property against nonemployee distribution of union literature. "The Act requires only that the employer refrain from interference, discrimination, restraint or coercion in the employees' exercise of their own rights. It does not require that the employer permit the use of its facilities for organization when other means are readily available." Babcock, 351 U.S. at 113-14, 76 S.Ct. at 684-85. To require Zachry to allow Edwards to solicit and organize on its property because he was claiming entrance as a "job applicant" would render ineffective the protection offered employers in the Babcock decision. See also Central Hardware Co. v. NLRB, 439 F.2d 1321, 1328 (8th Cir.1971), rev'd on other grounds, 407 U.S. 539, 92 S.Ct. 2238, 33 L.Ed.2d 122 (1972), on remand, 468 F.2d. 252 (8th Cir.1972) (company had a right to bar union organizer from entering store because he was not a bona fide customer as his primary purpose was to check employees, thus disrupting selling areas).
Similarly, including Edwards within the definition of "applicant" impinges directly on the Zachry employees' right to self-determination. See Emporium Capwell Co. v. Community Org., 420 U.S. 50, 61-62, 95 S.Ct. 977, 984, 43 L.Ed.2d 12 (1975). Once employed, Edwards would have the same right as any other employee to vote in elections concerning union representation. Unlike other employees, however, Edwards, because of his simultaneous employment with the union, would essentially be paid by the union to cast his ballot in its favor. It is not unthinkable that Edwards' vote might be the decisive one in favor of union representation, saddling the bona fide employees with a union which a majority did not favor. If the practice here is accorded judicial approval, a union might command significant numbers of its employees to work for corporations in which elections are anticipated in order to skew the results. Because the salary paid such "employees" by the company would partially relieve the union of its obligation to pay its own organizers, this tactic ironically could be construed to compel employers to subsidize labor organizations in violation of section 8(a)(2) of the Act (making it an unfair labor practice for an employer to "contribute financial or other support" to a labor organization). It is difficult to imagine a scenario under the congressional scheme more slanted to one side's advantage. For all the foregoing reasons, we are unable to agree with the Board's construction of the term "applicant" to include concurrently employed, paid union organizers, and we reject the reasoning of Oak Apparel and its progeny.
The Board contends, however, that the administrative law judge found that Zachry had no formal policy denying employment to all persons concurrently employed elsewhere, and complains that Zachry therefore discriminated against Edwards based on his union affiliation. While it is true that the ALJ found that Zachry had no established policy against hiring such persons, we do not demand evidence of a formal policy. The simultaneous employment of a job applicant with another employer is such an obvious basis on which to make an employment decision that one would not think a full-fledged policy necessary. Not only would divided loyalties be a problem if the other employer were a competitor; simultaneous direction and supervision might tax the energies and concentration of an employee, impairing his productivity and compromising his value to the company. A decision to hire only those applicants who will, without question, answer to only one employer is so peculiarly a matter of management prerogative, that it must be protected as an employer's right as long as it is not applied in a manner which discriminates against union employees. See also N.L.R.B. v. Elias Brothers Big Boy, Inc., 327 F.2d 421, 426-27 (6th Cir.1964) (discharge of paid union worker found not to be in violation of the Act). The Board cites us no instance of Zachry hiring persons simultaneously employed elsewhere. Absent such a showing, we refuse to hold that Zachry discriminated against Edwards because the union was his employer.
The Act makes plain that special consideration need not be accorded applicants for employment on the basis of their union affiliation. "The natural construction which the text, the legislative setting and the function of the statute command, does not impose an obligation on the employer to favor union membership in hiring employees." Phelps Dodge, 313 U.S. at 186, 61 S.Ct. at 848. For the Board to prevail, we would have to hold either that paid full-time union organizers are to be treated more favorably than any other paid full-time worker who applies for employment at Zachry, or that the employer has no legal right to refuse to hire those who have every intention of remaining in the concurrent employment of another employer. Neither ruling is supportable.
We emphasize, however, the circumscribed nature of our holding. We uphold the employer's right to reject a job applicant simultaneously paid and supervised by another employer. We do not encroach, however, upon the fundamental purpose of the NLRA to protect those with union sympathies and allegiances from unfair practices. The Act is designed to protect those loyal to labor unions from discrimination in future applications for employment. We do not, for example, have before us applicants for employment who have, in the past, organized workers for collective bargaining rights, or applicants who have received payment or reimbursement from a union in the form of strike benefits. We do not deal here with those who moonlight. Nor do we have here a company that has a policy of accepting applicants already fully employed, yet then rejects an applicant because he is fully employed by a union.
For the purposes of our inquiry, we must decide only whether Zachry unfairly discriminated against Edwards based upon his union activities. Transportation Management, 462 U.S. at 394, 103 S.Ct. at 2470. We find that the relationship between Edwards and the union consists not merely of activities, which are protected under the Act, but instead is an ongoing employment relationship, which is not protected under the Act. We hold Zachry's refusal to hire Edwards was permissible under the Act, and we deny enforcement of the Board's order.
ENFORCEMENT DENIED.
Section 8(a)(1) states that it shall be an unfair labor practice for an employer to interfere with, restrain, or coerce employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed in section 7. Section 7 guarantees employees "the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining ..." Under section 8(a)(3), it is an unfair labor practice for an employer "by discrimination in regard to hire or tenure of employment or any term or condition of employment to encourage or discourage membership in any labor organization." Section 8(a)(4) prohibits an employer from "discharg(ing) or otherwise discriminat(ing) against an employee because he has filed charges or given testimony under this subchapter."
29 U.S.C. Sec. 152(3), states in relevant part:
The term 'employee' shall include any employee, and shall not be limited to the employees of a particular employer, unless this subchapter explicitly states otherwise, and shall include any individual whose work has ceased as a consequence of, or in connection with, any current labor dispute or because of any unfair labor practice, and who has not obtained any other regular and substantially equivalent employment, but shall not include any individual employed as an agricultural laborer or in the domestic service of any family or person at his home, or any individual employed by his parent or spouse, or any individual having the status of an independent contractor, or any individual employed by an employer subject to the Railway Labor Act, as amended from time to time, or by any other person who is not an employer as herein defined.


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Verona Walk, Florida Real Estate
Located in Naples, VeronaWalk is a charming lakefront gated community of luxury single-family, patio, and townhomes. Only minutes from the heart of Naples, VeronaWalk is conveniently located close to world-class shopping, top-rated restaurants, entertainment and cultural attractions. Within the 24-hour gated guardhouse is a resort lifestyle that includes a lakefront Town Center, pool tennis courts, restaurant, salon, full service bank, hiking trails and more.
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Tag Archives: Titans
May 15, 2017 AnimeAnime, Attack on Titan, Betrayal, Friendship, Gore, Military, Mystery, Titans, violenceLovely542
At last the second season of Attack on Titan has finally come out. It was supposed to come out last year but to our great disappointment, they decide to postpone the release of the new season.
I don't know for sure. Maybe it was a marketing thing or a too much going on at once thing. Like I said folks I don't know why they postponed it, but all that matters now is that it's finally here for us to enjoy.
Now, just to let you all know I did read the manga, I'm just watching the show, so I'm getting a surprise every time I watch an episode. The episodes so far have been crazy! There is always this shocking twist at the end that makes you want to go and watch the next episode instantly, but IT DOESN'T EXIST YET which becomes quite frustrating at times. Then again, this is where my long fuse of patience comes in while I wait for the next episode to come out.
In season 2, they're starting to realize that not everything is as it seems and that Eren isn't the person out there that can transform into a titan (besides Annie). I loved the recent episode that just came out where we find out that Reiner and Bertolt were the armored and the colossal titan. When they transformed I was like," I knew it! I knew it!". I had my suspicions about Reiner for a bit, Bertolt no really. Bertolt looks so damn harmless I was surprised he could turn into something that could cause so much damage.
What I want to know is why and how? How are people getting turned into titans? Why are they helping the titans eat the humans? I really want to know what they know because it's so shocking and persuasive that they were pretty convinced that once Eren went with them that he would be on their side, too. I'm sorry, but I was laughing at Eren's devastated face when they tried to kidnap him. His face said," Everything I know is a lie!" I was dying.
Poor Eren, he did not see that coming.
I'm so pumped up for this season. I can't wait to find out what happens this time around; they can't make episodes fast enough for me. So far, I'm giving this season a 4 out of 5. Looking forward to see how things turn out in the end.
Attack on Titan:Part 2
June 19, 2014 Anime, MangaAction, Anime, Book, Comedy, Drama, Eren, Exciting, Family, Fantasy, Food, Friendship, Funny, Intense, Manga, Mystery, Supernatural, Suspense, Thriller, Titans, violenceLovely542
Source:www.otakuhouse.com
You've already probably noticed that I'm just going to talk about part 2 of Attack on Titan, instead, of part 1. That's because I've already talked about part 1 on my old blog which if any of you would to glance at it's at http://www.L0VANIME.blogspot.com.
Anyway onto the story, if you've already watched Attack on Titan then you already know the gist of the story. The human race is at the brink of extinction because of the man-eating titans and to avoid absolute death they built a huge wall around their kingdom which held for 2000 years. It gets seriously more intense after everyone finds out about Eren's ability to turn himself into a titan. Even after Eren saves them all and helps them reclaim some of their territory, the people in his town still hate him and call him a monster which I thought was pretty messed up. If he really was a monster then he wouldn't have saved any of them. It got worse when the people decide that they need to hold a trial for him to see if he should live or die.
If he dies then they just lost their only hope of survival, but if they decide to let him stay alive then he would have to join the Scout Regiment. The Scout Regiment is where soldiers who choose to fight the titans outside of their walled city. Unfortunately, after the attack no one wanted to be in it for fear of getting eaten.
I'm not going to spoil want happened during the trial or what they plan to do to him for the people who haven't watched it yet, but let me tell you that its intense and depressing. I felt bad for Eren.
Then, comes one of my favorite characters in this anime. Levi, a powerful and respected soldier of the Scout Regiment group. He's this strict, clean freak who always has a sour look on his face. But, for some reason cares about Eren and doesn't seem to be afraid of him. My second favorite character in the Scout Regiment would have to be Hange. She's always really happy, especially, when titans are involved. She's like the scientist of the group, but don't be fooled she's just as lethal as the rest of them.
I don't know which moment I liked better in part 2 of Attack on Titan, it would either have to be when a female titan appeared. Yes, I said a female titan appears out of no where kicking everyone's ass. Or at the season finale, when Eren and the female titan face off in titan forms. I'm not going to reveal the secret identity of the other titan, you're going to have to see for yourself.
My only problem with this anime would have to be that their aren't enough episodes. The season is over and there is no sign of anymore episode or part 3 coming out the woodwork. They left behind too many questions and not enough answers, so I'll be anxiously waiting for more episodes. Until next time.


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Fatboy Slim and Eats Everything Are Fans of This 9-Year-Old DJ
When I grow up, I want to be a...
Rachel Kupfer
Darren Hales
Most DJs get their start on the graveyard shift. Others find their groove in the basement of a club or fraternity house.
But for nine-year-old Betty Hales, also known as DJ Sunshine, a renegade set beneath an underpass proved to be her unbelievable big break. Now, Hales counts Fatboy Slim and Eats Everything as two of her top fans.
The performance took place earlier this fall in Bristol at a location where Fatboy Slim and Eats Everything had planned to host a free party. But when police shut down the event before it even started, Hales and her parents saw an opportunity.
They quickly set up a table and DJ decks, handed Hales her headphones and hit "record." The video her dad posted of Hales playing "Bristol to Brighton," by the two artists she so fabulously upstaged, has over 22,000 views on Instagram.
"This is just fabulous. I love you," Slim commented.
"Legendary!" Eats Everything added in a repost.
Not to mention that Hales' performance was filmed in front of a mural by Inkie, one of the country's most famous street artists.
"Betty saw Eats Everything on the Downs last summer, and when she was only a few years old she went to a festival where Fatboy Slim was headlining, so these are her two favorite DJs," her father, Darren, told Bristol 24/7. "I said I'd take her to see the Inkie graffiti at the underpass during half term, and that's when we had the idea to take her decks along and play some music."
With only two years of mixing under her belt, according to her dad, it appears the sky's the limit for DJ Sunshine, especially with a name like that.
Fatboy SlimDJ SunshineEats Everything
Fatboy Slim and Eats Everything Team Up for Slick Collab, "Bristol to Brighton"
"An ode to the cities we reside in and love more than any other."
Watch Fatboy Slim's 10-year-old daughter DJ as "Fat Girl Slim"
DJing runs in the family.
Fatboy Slim Releases 'Fatboy Slim vs Australia Remix' EP with Northlane, Carmada & More
When Fatboy Slim takes on Australia's best to give his classics their own spin, you know it's going to be a trip
Fatboy Slim Almost Abandoned His Music Career to Become a Firefighter
Thankfully he stayed the course and went on to produce a number of generational dance anthems.
Nicole Moudaber and Eats Everything Drop Explosive New Single "Big Dipper"
Get ready to dance.
EATS EVERYTHING ON RAVERS, THE INTERNET, AND WHY CHANGE IS ALWAYS GOOD [INTERVIEW]
INTERVIEW: Eats Everything Discusses Ravers, The Internet, and the nature of Change
Fatboy Slim and Bootsy Collins Release 4K Remaster of Christopher Walken-Led Video for "Weapon of Choice"
The remaster was released in honor of the song's 20th anniversary.
Fatboy Slim Pays Tribute To Greta Thunberg Through "Right Here, Right Now" Mashup
The iconic producer mixed in the climate activist's UN speech with his club anthem.


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Mayor Svante Myrick '09 speaking at the new commons opening celebration ceremony on Friday August 28, 2015. Myrick is now considering reforms to address longstanding housing issues in Ithaca.
Following a months-long housing fiasco that resulted in withheld rent and a brief stint sleeping in the library, Shimon Shuchat '19 and Mei Zheng '18 have secured housing in Collegetown Terrace at the bequest of individuals that wish to remain anonymous, citing privacy concerns pertaining to business operations.
Their plight has drawn significant attention from the Cornell community and the City of Ithaca, which is now considering a commission to holistically assess long-standing issues of housing affordability and quality.
According to Stephen Smith (D-4th Ward), Ithaca Mayor Svante Myrick '09 intends to create a new commission to holistically assess long-standing housing issues in the city, including the lack of enforcement mechanisms, affordable housing and preventing landlords from requiring leases to be signed over a year in advance.
The commission will be made up of renters, Common Council members, lawyers, representatives from the Cornell Law School, Ithaca College and the Cornell Off-Campus Housing Office.
Smith added that the Common Council would separately look closely at enforcing the Certificate of Compliance violations, improving awareness of the City's resources for tenants and instituting stronger repercussions for improperly functioning heating.
Donna Fleming (D-3rd Ward) of Ithaca Common Council questioned whether the current model of enforcing housing code violations is strong enough to achieve its goals.
The certificate of compliance for Zheng and Shuchat's house expired in November 2015, according to the Building Department. Assuming a Certificate of Compliance is reinstated after an inspection scheduled for Dec. 5, the minimum penalty landlords David and Barbara Lower could technically face is $111,300 and the maximum is $278,250, based on rates outlined in the City Code.
"If there's no legislation in place that catches that or that fines for that, there needs to be, but a lapse of a month is fairly typical," Lambrou said.
Lambrou and Smith both stressed the need to include Cornell in the conversation about housing. "When a parent drops their kid off at Cornell, Cornell becomes responsible for the wellbeing for that kid to a large extent … if the main driver of their stress is coming from a lack of affordable housing, Cornell has a role to play in part with the city," said Smith, the Common Council member.
Cornell's Off-Campus Housing Office has already taken steps to crack down on landlords by requiring current Certificates of Compliance to list on their housing platform, but some university officials have suggested that Cornell could do more to protect students.
Ian Schachner ILR '04, associate director of undergraduate admissions for the School of Industrial and Labor Relations, has long hoped to form a renters association to protect against mistreatment by landlords, slow response times and poor quality housing.
Schachner also expressed support for the creation of a Law School tenants rights clinic to assist students with housing woes, an idea previously proposed by former graduate student-elected trustee Annie O'Toole J.D. '16 and echoed by an editorial in The Sun. University spokesperson Gillian Smith declined to comment on any pending response from Cornell.
Dozens attended the Ithaca Affordable Housing Panel, hosted by Cornell Roosevelt Institute, which featured three panelists from different areas of housing in Ithaca. The panel was organized in response to students' difficulties in finding off-campus housing.