French automaker, Renault, has just unveiled the K-ZE, their brand new all-electric crossover ahead of the upcoming Paris Motor Show. The Renault electric car is stated to be an SUV-inspired, affordable vehicle for the market.
Despite Renault announcing the K-ZE as being "affordable," no actual pricing information has been released at this time. The only confirmed information we have regarding the new Renault electric car is its range, which Renault claims will be estimated at around 250 km (155 miles) using the NEDC cycle.
If Renault is to be believed, we suspect that the alleged affordability of the electric crossover comes at the cost of opting for low-end equipment, given its rather lackluster range. While it is an odd decision to launch a 2019-2020 electric vehicle with less than 200 miles of range, given that a person's average commute is typically 30 miles, the new Renault electric car would act as a serviceable replacement for a majority of gas guzzling vehicles.
Renault plans to launch the K-ZE in China first, but no precise time frame has been confirmed. After one year, the Renault electric car will go on sale in Europe. It is unlikely we will ever see the K-ZE sold in the United States, however.
Below, you can check out a video clip released by Renault showcasing their new electric vehicle, as well as small gallery of the K-ZE.


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Security Studies In The Light of International Theory
This article was written primarily to analyze the theories of international relations in detail in order to study territorial disputes. It examines the established security organizations by measuring the interaction of realism and constructivism in the security dilemmas of states. In this article, which tries to explain in detail what NATO means for Europe, what thinking structures it has in its foundation, the dynamics of territorial disputes under institutions are also examined.
Keywords: International Theory, Realism, Constructivism, NATO, Security Studies.
Bu makale, toprak anlaşmazlıklarını incelemek için uluslararası ilişkiler teorilerini ayrıntılı olarak analiz etmek için yazılmıştır. Çalışma, devletlerin güvenlik ikilemlerinde realizm ve inşacılığın etkileşimini ölçerek yerleşik güvenlik örgütlerini inceler. NATO'nun Avrupa için ne anlama geldiğini, temelinde hangi düşünce yapılarına sahip olduğunu ayrıntılı bir şekilde açıklamaya çalışan bu makalede, kurumlar kapsamında toprak anlaşmazlıklarının dinamikleri de incelenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Uluslararası Teori, Realizm, İnşacılık, NATO, Güvenlik Çalışmaları.
International relations theory aims to explain why international events occur in the same form they happen (Puchala, 1971: 1). The great majority of theorists hypothesize on state-to-state relations. Their goal is to analyze and comprehend patterns of state-to-state political interaction (Waltz, 1979: 1-3). Some go even further, attempting to translate these interaction patterns into universal principles that may be used to explain past occurrences and estimate future occurrences. However, this approach comes with a number of conceptual and methodological issues, beginning with defining and drawing the limits of the entire set of occurrences that are supposed to be explained. Realism, liberalism, and constructivism are the three most prominent schools of thinking.
International relations are frequently confronted with the dilemma of sovereignty's presence and absence at the same time. When it comes to terms of inter relations, sovereignty refers to the belief in the existence of a supreme and absolute power in society. When it comes to relations, it demonstrates the polar opposite of this belief. To put it another way, there is no absolute power over and beyond the communities that meet in the international arena. As a result, international relations studies remain mired in the problems of war-peace and anarchy-order, which are fundamental parts of the anarchic environment that arises as a result of the application of sovereignty to the international arena, and continuously try to explain them.
Theories of International Relations has two categories learning towards positivism and leaning towards interpretivism (at varying degrees). If we give some examples about positivists school of thinking we can refer; realism, classical realism, neorealism/structural realism, liberal approaches including neoliberal institutionalism, economic structuralism. And these theories differ from three way:
Assumptions / Hypotheses
Levels of Analysis they operate at
If we want to clarify what theories are, it is hypotheses that have been proven and confirmed. Because when you simply have hypothesis, you are not sure if it holds.
Also, theories differ from one another according to their epistemologies, methodologies, and ontologies. While epistemology explains different methods are possible, it has roots in empiricism (the view that we can only make truth claims through direct observation of the world.) On the other hand, methodology means that made of research and analysis or a set of rules. Social science can be as objective and scientific as natural sciences, according to positivism. For example, positivism is explaining and knowing things based on scientific data and argues for the ''scientific method''
Ontology the last step is more like asking a question to the subject. ''What are the things that matter the most?'' It calculates reality norms in some topics and subtopics.
Why do we need theories in IR? It explains why things happen, while international relations are comprehensive and complex, we need theories to explain, predict and also simplify it.
We have some actors in this arena like non-state actors. Individuals, civil society organizations, terrorist organizations, multinational organizations etc. There is a plurality of actors in the international system other than states. In liberalism for example all non-state actors have a bigger place and importance than they do in Realism.
1. Types of Realism
Pessimistic view even depressing view of IR, constant power struggle and competition among security maximizing plus possibility of war. Almost paranoid states with egoistic power pursuit. Counter argument to realism to use of military power by states, states can also use their economic power and sanctions to weaken other states, cause only salvation is power. Domestic politics and the composition of individual states not really matters for how those states behave on a day-to-day basis, in international politics. Difference between Classical Realism and Neorealism is classical type of realism is more about human nature rather than neorealism. Structure of IR system is more likely to subheading of neorealism.
In classical realism there is individual analysis and maximization state interest: Egoistic power pursuit but in neorealism we can also refer as structural realism, is more systematic theory, system-level analysis based. We should remember John Mearsheimer and Kenneth Waltz when describing neorealism, which is also divided into two, as offensive and defensive.
Mearsheimer argues that states not only survive also wants hegemony. They maximize relative power to the point of achieving hegemony. But according to Waltz, securing survival is the most important key for all. Intervening structural variables geography, offense-defense balance etc. Security dilemma is mitigated for defensive neorealists. States are okay with simply seeking power defensively. Waltz also put a theory named 3 Levels of War: Human nature and behavior, internal structure of states, structure of IR system. We can summarize the common concern of realists in all circumstances in the form of an environment of insecurity created by the constant increase in power of states. And there are other things that matter (other than power): Alliances, domestic regime type etc. for understanding fear between states.
2. Constructivist Understandings
1980's as a critique of Realism and Liberalism- between positivist and interpretivist understanding. Everything is socially constructed (shaped norms and ideas we believe in)
Ideas and norms equal to material factors (ex: power) First assumption for constructivism is about friendship or hostility and the second assumption is that states and relations between states -social structure- can change with norms and rules. Third assumption is more like analysis: 3 cultures of anarchy. If we briefly mention that cultures:
States as enemies (Hobbesian Anarchy): Anarchy defined by the norm of self-help. Conflicts, wars among states
States as rivals (Lockean Anarchy): Anarchy defined by the norm of rivalry, ''live and let live'', Cooperation among states.
States as allies (Kantian Anarchy): Anarchy defined by norms of friendship and peace, peaceful community of states.
Core claim of constructivism is that none of these relationships are fixed in stone because identities are changeable through interaction.
3. Theories That Can Be Explained by Referring to The Events That Have Happened
Neorealism, structure of the international system (anarchy and distribution of power) explains Germany's struggle for a domination and hegemony in Europe and this leads us to outbreak of World War II. In the light of this information, we can clearly say that in subject of classical realism, human nature "animus dominandi" explains best of Hitler's moves. In Liberalistic approach of IR, international institutions, international organizations, peace, collective security, the League of Nations needs to be mode better organizations, needs to be reformed in order to prevent wars. So, there is a need for new organization: The United Nations!
Or more about constructivist understanding endless cycle where we are constantly changing these rules. People woke up one day and said maybe this should not exist anymore like USSR example. In the light of these informations we can link up with territory or territorial understanding with it.
Territory and territoriality are often presented together as core concerns for political scholarship for the reasons identified by Ruggie; if "politics is about rule", then it is also necessarily about "comprising legitimate dominion over a spatial extension" (Ruggie, 1993: 148). In other words, politics is about territory (Pinos and Radil, 2020). Territory in this sense refers most simply to the notion of a politically ordered geographic space, or a "portion of geographic space under the jurisdiction of certain people" (Gottman, 1973: 5).
It is necessary to focus on NATO, which was established to resolve regional disputes and was created to protect the western way of life from two organizations that have still not lost their importance today.
4. European Security Institutions and Eastern European Security Needs
The Eastern European desire to join NATO is rooted in dissatisfaction with two other European security institutions, the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC), established in November 1991, and the Partnership for Peace (PFP), launched at the NATO summit meeting in Brussels in January 1994. Designed to facilitate discussion of political and security issues (NACC) and to promote military cooperation, transparency in military planning and budgeting, and civilian and democratic control of the armed forces (PFP), neither organization commits NATOto defend a member against attack. For this reason, the Eastern Europeans complain that neither the NACC nor the PFP adequately meets their security needs (Mihalka, 1994; Williams, 1997; Reisch, 1994).
Although the most important, nationalist and other security threats are not the only reasons why membership of NATO is desired. More broadly and nebulously, NATO membership, according to Eastern Europeans, will create a "sense of belonging" to Europe or Western civilization (Winter, 1997).
Neorealists expect that states will have difficulty cooperating. Cooperation is difficult because states find themselves in a competitive environment in which survival is never assured and self-help the name of the game. To maximize their chances of survival, states seek to maintain their autonomy and worry about how the gains from cooperation will be distributed and that other states will cheat on agreements to gain a relative advantage. Worries about autonomy, relative gains, and cheating are obstacles to cooperation, and cooperation is likely only when these worries can be alleviated (Mearsheimer, 1994/5: 12-13; Glaser, 1994/95).
As a result, unity and security organizations created due to the security concerns of states have been on the agenda of mankind since the earliest dates of diplomacy. Even in the process of transition to the modern era, we can see that the people referred to by Rousseau as the 'general will' norm have given up some of their freedoms in order to receive protection from a higher order of them. In this world where security concerns govern the domestic and foreign policies of all countries, it is always more robust to understand international theories and explain events by referring to them based on them.
Aybüke Özbuğutu
TUİÇ Akademi
Glaser, C. (1994/95). Realists as optimists: Cooperation as self-help. International Security 19(3), 50-90.
Gottmann, J. (1973). The Significance of territory. University Press of Virginia.
Mearsheimer, J. J. (1994/95). The false promise of international institutions, International Security 19(3): 5-49.
Mihalka, M. (1994). Squaring the circle: NATO's offer to the East. RFE/RL Research Report 3(12).
Pinos, J. C. & Radil, S. M. (2020). The territorial contours of terrorism: a conceptual model of territory for non-state violence, Terrorism and Political Violence, 32(5), 1027-1046.
Puchala, D. (1971). International politics today. Mead Publishing.
Reisch, A. A. (1994). Central Europe's disappointments and hopes, RFE/RL Research Report 3(12).
Ruggie, J. (1993). Territoriality and Beyond: Problematizing Modernity in International Relations. International Organization 47(1), 139-174.
Skalnes, L. S. (1998). From the outside in, from the inside out: NATO expansion and international relations theory, Security Studies, 7(4), 44-87. DOI: 10.1080/09636419808429358
Waltz, K. N. (1979). Theory, or international politics. Random House.
Williams, N. (1997). Partnership for peace: Permanent fixture or declining asset? In NATO's transformation: The changing shape of the Atlantic alliance, (ed. Philip H. Gordon). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
Winter, S. (1997a). Central Europe: NATO expansion means more than security, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Available: http://www.rferl.org.inca/features/1997/05/F.RU. 970512125526.html.
Winter, S. (1997b). Europe: NATO Expansion—The Marshall Plan's Second Chapter. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Available: https://www.rferl.org/a/1084819.html
inşacılık
Realizm
Uluslararası Güvenlik
uluslararası ilişkiler teorileri
Çeviri: Despotun Zayıflığı
Değişen Strateji Değişmeyen Amaç: Terör Örgütü PKK'nın Kent Merkezli Dönüşümü

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Venum Black Eagle Fight Shorts are built with the sturdiest micro fabric and feature majestic fiber fused design that celebrates the phenomenal successful of Fedor Emelianenko. The best when it comes to stare down is Fedor Emelianenko. A remarkable blend of proud and boldness.


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Rush Limbaugh: Hurricanes Are A Liberal Plot To Perpetuate Global Warming Myth
Coburn Palmer
As millions of East Coast residents fled their homes this week, Rush Limbaugh went on the air to declare hurricanes a liberal plot designed to perpetuate the myth of global warming.
On The Rush Limbaugh Show, the conservative talk show host suggested the National Hurricane Center was "playing games" with hurricane forecasting so the liberal left can blame the storm on climate change.
"It's in the interest of the left to have destructive hurricanes because then they can blame it on climate change, which they can desperately continue trying to sell."
Rush said the National Hurricane Center, as part of the National Weather Service, was part of an Obama conspiracy designed to perpetuate the global warming myth stared by Al Gore after Hurricane Katrina.
The conservative talk show host said that until Matthew, the U.S. had been in a hurricane drought, according to statements posted on Media Matters.
"We had 11 years of no hurricanes, 11 straight years of no major hurricanes."
"The fact is, you don't need a Category 3+ hurricane to produce major impacts, including storm surge flooding, rainfall flooding and damaging winds, among others."
During the "hurricane drought" the U.S. witnessed Tropical Storm Bill in 2015, which caused flash flooding in Texas and Oklahoma; Hurricane Arthur in 2014, which hammered North Carolina with 101 mph winds and a 4.5 storm surge.
Superstorm Sandy hit the East Coast in 2012 causing some $71.4 billion in damage, while Hurricane Isaac pummeled the Gulf Coast with storm surges 17 feet high later that year.
Tropical Storm Debby never made landfall, but still caused massive flooding in Florida and Georgia in 2012. Tropical Storm Lee brought 10 inches of rain to the Gulf Coast in 2011, while Hurricane Irene caused $15.8 billion in damages to New Jersey and New England.
Also on the list were Hurricane Alex in 2010, Hurricane Ike and Hurricane Gustav in 2008. Rush Limbaugh, however, maintained that media reports of damaging storms were merely a ploy by Obama and the left to perpetuate the global warming myth, reports Alternet.
"Eleven straight years of no major hurricanes striking land in the United States, which just bores a hole right through the whole climate change argument."
"Hurricane is good luck for Obama again – he will buy the election by handing out billions of dollars."
"Extremely dangerous, life-threatening weather conditions are forecast in the next 24 hours. Airborne debris lofted by extreme winds will be capable of breaching structures, unprotected windows and vehicles."
Scott has also activated 3,500 National Guard Troops to help with search-and-rescue efforts and warned residents the Category 4 storm could be deadly to those who choose to stay behind.
[Featured Image by William Thomas Cain/Getty Images]


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Thousands of young people will join a national programme through Brentford FC Community Sports Trust
By Helen McCartan
In Griffin Park Learning Zone, News
Thousands of young people will join a national programme through Brentford FC Community Sports Trust2019-11-082019-11-08https://www.brentfordfccst.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/bfccst_logo_rgb_landscape_grey-1.pngBrentford FC Community Sports Trusthttps://www.brentfordfccst.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/ncs-programme-launch_article-photo.jpg200px200px
From 2020, Brentford FC Community Sports Trust will engage thousands of young people aged 16 and 17, delivering National Citizen Service (NCS), a four-week programme funded by the Government.
NCS is one of the fastest growing youth programmes engaging 500,000 young people since piloting in 2009. The NCS experience will give young people a clearer idea of what they want from their future. They will take on fresh challenges, get a taste of independence and be given a platform to have their voices heard and deliver a social action project that will positively impact their local area. Through the English Football League Trust, over 1.8 million hours of voluntary work has been delivered addressing local and national issues which young people are passionate about such as mental health, the environment and plastic waste.
In partnership with EFL Trust, Brentford FC Community Sports Trust won the contract to deliver NCS from 2020 onwards joining 65 delivery partners that will be managed by EFL Trust.
Luke Skelhorn, Operations Director is excited to be a part of the new NCS network of partners who will deliver its flagship programme for young people over the next five years.
"We are looking forward to engaging with more young people through the NCS programme – equipping thousands of young people with important life skills.
"We thoroughly enjoyed taking part in the pilot last year, our social action project involved an intergenerational cooking project with older people. We look forward to expanding on these exciting new initiatives next year."
Mike Evans, Director of Operations, EFL Trust, is delighted with the amount of Football Clubs involved in NCS going forward saying:
"The EFL Trust's vision is to create a stronger, healthier more active communities and we see the delivery of NCS as a significant part of achieving this.
"We are delighted to be able to grow our supply chain of Club Community Organisations and youth organsations involved in NCS and are proud of the impact we have had through NCS so far. Supporting thousands of young people as they transition into adulthood and then in turn make a positive difference in their community is something to be immensely proud of, and we look forward to continuing that in the future."
Chief Executive of NCS Trust, Michael Lynas said:
"I'm incredibly proud of everything that NCS has achieved in the last ten years. As it moves into the next phase of its life, I'm confident NCS can make a more significant difference for our young people and their communities than ever before."
EFLT, NCS
Helen McCartan
Southall MP praises impact of health project run by Brentford FC Community Sports Trust
Do you want to work in football? Join our traineeship at Griffin Park Learning Zone
Brentford FC Community Sports Trust to help tackle increasing numbers of railway risk takers
Recipe for success: how food is helping young people connect with the elderly on our National Citizens Service project
Job roles for NCS programmeGriffin Park Learning Zone, News
University of West London and Brentford FC Community Sports Trust celebrate the impact sport is making in the local communityNews


0.97 +/- Acres, located on a commercial lot in City of Cartersville. All Utilities available. Located just off of Highway 41 (Joe Frank Harris Pkwy) and convenient to I-75. Zoned: G-C (City of Cartersville).
I-75 North to Exit 288, turn left on Main Street, turn right on Joe Frank Harris Parkway (US 41), turn right on Center Road. Property on the left.
When calling broker, please say, "I found your listing .97 +/- Commercial Acres on COMMERCIALFLIP."


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Q: Very occasional fatal PHP error, "couldn't execute" autoload function I have no idea how to go about solving this very occasional funny state that PHP gets into. So any ideas whatsoever will be appreciated.
Maybe 3 or 4 times in the past year, my site will start returning 500 errors, and the logs show:
PHP Fatal error:  Couldn't execute method dw__autoload in Unknown on line 0
dw__autoload is registered with spl_autoload_register. When I restart apache the problem is gone and I forget about it for several months. I am running APC, php 5.3.2-1ubuntu4.10 on ubuntu 10.04.3. I realize there is not much to go on here!

A: Following the source code from the point of this error, I'd risk (psychic debugging since you have no more details) to say this happens because the autoload is being called with already an exception thrown.
That said, I can't see exactly how this can happen. The current exception is cleared both before calling the autoloader and after calling each SPL autoloader function. I don't think we ever can get to a conclusion without a script that reproduces this problem. The full set of possibilities is:

*

*The execution was already shut down

*There's a current exception

*The function is no longer valid (I see that happening only due to a bug in PHP, but anyway it's not likely because it almost certainly would generate a warning before)

*The autoloader function requires a reference (again, this would also generate a warning before, and your autoloader would never work anyway)

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Kirk F. Heidelberg (* 1957) ist ein US-amerikanischer Football-Trainer.

Leben
Kirk Heidelberg spielte bis 1976 American Football an der Woodward High School (US-Bundesstaat Ohio), dann am Heidelberg College in Tiffin (ebenfalls Ohio). Anschließend war er an der Morehead State University (Bundesstaat Kentucky) als Assistenztrainer (Linebacker/Special Teams/Athletiktrainer) tätig. 1981 und 1982 gehörte er zum Trainerstab der Whitmer High School in Toledo, war dann sowie als Football-Assistenztrainer an der Perrysburg High School beschäftigt. An der University of Toledo arbeitete Heidelberg von 1990 bis 1992 ebenfalls als Assistenztrainer der Footballmannschaft.

In der Saison 1995 war er Cheftrainer der Hamburg Blue Devils in der Football-Bundesliga und führte die Mannschaft ins Endspiel um die deutsche Meisterschaft. Er kehrte in die USA zurück und arbeitete 1996 als Assistenztrainer bei den Hochschulmannschaften der Tennessee State University, der Lehigh University sowie der University of Kansas. 1997 war er wieder für Hamburg tätig und zeichnete bei den Blauen Teufeln für die Koordinierung des Angriffs verantwortlich.

Von 1998 bis 2002  war er Cheftrainer der Cologne Crocodiles und führte die Kölner im Jahr 2000 zum deutschen Meistertitel. 1999 lernte er in Köln seine spätere Ehefrau kennen, 2000 kam der gemeinsame Sohn ebendort zur Welt.

Ab 2003 war er wieder für die Hamburg Blue Devils tätig: Zunächst war er als Offensivkoordinator unter Cheftrainer John Rosenberg vorgesehen, wurde dann aber Cheftrainer, als Rosenberg doch nicht an die Elbe zurückkehrte. Heidelberg führte die Hanseaten im Oktober 2003 zum Gewinn der deutschen Meisterschaft. Er blieb bis zum Ende des Spieljahres 2004 in Hamburg. In der Saison 2005 leitete Heidelberg die Saarland Hurricanes als Cheftrainer an.

Ab 2006 arbeitete er wieder in seinem Heimatland, den Vereinigten Staaten, und war Trainer an der Rockford Christian High School. In dieser Zeit gehörte er teils auch zum Stab der US-Nationalmannschaft der U19 und war dort für die Koordinierung des Angriffsspiels zuständig. Im November 2010 unterschrieb er einen Zweijahresvertrag als Cheftrainer der Braunschweig Lions, im Januar 2011 sagte er den Niedersachsen aus persönlichen Gründen dann jedoch ab. Heidelberg arbeitete vorerst weiter an der Rockford Christian High School. Im Jahr 2013 weilte er als Gasttrainer bei der kanadischen CFL-Mannschaft Toronto Argonauts.

Ab April  2015 war er wieder bei den Cologne Crocodiles beschäftigt, nachdem Cheftrainer David Odenthal den Posten aus persönlichen Gründen abgegeben hatte. Heidelberg sprang ein und übernahm das Traineramt. Zur Saison 2014 trat Heidelberg das Cheftraineramt bei den Düsseldorf Panthern an. Im Juni 2014 kam es zur Trennung: Nach fünf Niederlagen in Folge bat Heidelberg die in jener Saison finanziell schmal aufgestellten Rheinländer um die Auflösung des Vertrages. Dieser Bitte kam der Verein nach.

2017 wurde Heidelberg Cheftrainer der Waite High School in Ohio. Dort blieb er ein Jahr im Amt.

Zur Saison 2018 nahm Heidelberg, der mittlerweile hauptberuflich für ein Sicherheitsunternehmen in Köln arbeitete, den Posten des Offensivkoordinators bei den Hamburg Huskies an. Er entschied, zwischen dem Rheinland und Hamburg zu pendeln. Im August 2018 rückte er ins Amt des Cheftrainers, nachdem sich Timothy Speckman entschlossen hatte, sich auf seine Aufgaben als Sportlicher Leiter zu konzentrieren. Heidelberg, der auch unter dem Spitznamen "Captain Kirk" bekannt ist, konnte den Abstieg der Hamburger aus der ersten Liga aber nicht verhindern.

Im Jahr 2021 übernahm er das Amt des Cheftrainers der Cologne Centurions, einer in Köln beheimateten Mannschaft der im gleichen Jahr gegründeten European League of Football. Heidelberg wurde im Dezember 2021 als neuer Angriffskoordinator des Kölner ELF-Konkurrenten Hamburg Sea Devils vermeldet. Im Juni 2022 trennte sich Heidelberg aus gesundheitlichen Gründen von den Hamburgern.

Mit Bennie Anderson (Baltimore Ravens), Jerry Evans (Denver Broncos), Vince Marrow (Buffalo Bills) sowie dem Deutschen Peter Heyer (u. a. St. Louis Rams) hat er mehrere Spieler betreut, die später den Sprung in die National Football League (NFL) schafften.

Einzelnachweise

American-Football-Trainer (Vereinigte Staaten)
American-Football-Trainer (Deutschland)
Person (Cologne Crocodiles)
Person (Hamburg Blue Devils)
Person (Saarland Hurricanes)
Person (Düsseldorf Panther)
Person (Hamburg Huskies)
Person (Cologne Centurions, ELF)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1957
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
In Local History
The Gardner News
100 Years Ago (From month of June, 1911) The directors of the Athol & Orange street railway have voted to commence surveys at once for a street railroad line from the Athol fairgrounds to Baldwinville and thence to Winchendon. Since taking over the Athol road, the newly organized company has made a number of improvements and if favorable franchises can be obtained, superintendent J.A. Taggert is confident the proposed Winchendon road can be started. There is probably no other town the size of Winchendon in this state that is without trolley service and the directors of the Athol line are in a position to make money with this venture, because the distance between Baldwinville and Winchendon is short and connections south and west can be made with the Templeton Street railway for traffic between Gardner and Winchendon and Athol and Winchendon. If the present project goes through, Winchendon will have its first street railway. The company will probably connect with the Templeton street railway in Baldwinville. The distance from Winchendon to Baldwinville is between four and five miles and by building around Lake Denison all the grades that are difficult to climb can be overcome. The new railroad will also have a first-class summer resort as an attraction for patrons on the line who live in Winchendon, Templeton and Gardner. 50 Years Ago (Tuesday, June 13, 1961) Former mayor and veteran of city politics Ulric O. Fredett took out nomination papers for councilor-at-large this morning. He is the first councilor to officially announce his candidacy although several others have indicated that they will run again in the fall. Mayor Landry declared himself a candidate for re-election last week. The 55-year-old Fredette was first elected to the council, running at large, in 1941 and except for two terms as mayor from 1954 to 1958 he has served almost continuously. He was council president from 1948 to 1951. 25 Years Ago (Friday, June 13, 1986) New England AllBank has taken a preliminary step to foreclose its mortgage with North American Consolidated Inc. for the unopened motel and banquet facility in the East Gardner Industrial Park. Asked why the bank started foreclosure procedures, New England AllBank President Charles Stone said, �He (Valentine Codding, president of North American Consolidated) is not living up to the agreement he had when he was given the mortgage. We are protecting the depositors� funds that we have lent out. We are following the legal procedures required by (state and federal) banking regulations.�


text:
Delage, Jocelyne. "Marcelle Gauvreau". The Canadian Encyclopedia, 08 August 2018, Historica Canada. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marcelle-gauvreau. Accessed 20 January 2021.
Delage, J., Marcelle Gauvreau (2018). In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marcelle-gauvreau
Delage, Jocelyne, "Marcelle Gauvreau". In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Article published August 08, 2018; Last Edited August 08, 2018. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marcelle-gauvreau
Delage, Jocelyne. The Canadian Encyclopedia, s.v. "Marcelle Gauvreau", Last Edited August 08, 2018, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marcelle-gauvreau
Marcelle Gauvreau
Article by Jocelyne Delage
Published Online October 16, 2018
Last Edited August 8, 2018
Marcelle Gauvreau, Quebec scientist, botanist, educator, administrator, writer and journalist (born 28 February 1907 in Rimouski, QC; died 16 December 1968 in Montreal, QC). A botanist by profession, Marcelle Gauvreau made her mark as a teacher, writer, journalist, administrator and faithful collaborator of Frère Marie-Victorin (Conrad Kirouac). Through her books, articles, talks, the school she established, and her desire to promote public interest in plant life, she encouraged many Quebecers to learn about plants and to love nature in the 20th century.
Childhood in Montreal and Early Studies
Marcelle Gauvreau spent the first two years of her life in Rimouski, in a neo–Queen-Anne–style house from which her father also ran his medical practice. Dr. Joseph Gauvreau built the house for his large family. Dr. Gauvreau was a nationalist and an ardent defender of the French language known for his interest in nature, hygiene and preventative medicine. Among Marcelle Gauvreau's large group of siblings (five girls and five boys), the best known are Jean-Marie, founder of the École du meuble de Montréal, and Louis, a furniture designer. Additionally, Gauvreau's nephew was the renowned doctor and director Claude Jutra, the son of her sister Rachel and radiologist Albert Jutras.
Gauvreau moved to Montreal in 1909 and studied at the Académie Saint-Urbain, run by the sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame (CND), and at the Académie du Boulevard, under the sisters of the Congregation of Saint Anne. During high school, Gauvreau boarded at the CND's Mont-Sainte-Marie convent. In 1917, her father bought a country house in Rivière-Beaudette. It was there that her love of nature was awakened and that she recovered after being afflicted by polio when she was very young and later by tuberculosis before her university studies.
University Studies and Early Career
After recovering from her illness, Gauvreau was finally able to pursue her studies in literature and philosophy at the Université de Montréal in 1929. In the fall of 1930, a herbarium that she designed did well in a botany contest run by the Devoir, but because Gauvreau was no longer a high school student, she was excluded from the contest. Gauvreau then shifted her focus to the natural sciences and enrolled at the Université de Montréal's Institut de botanique, of which Frère Marie-Victorin	was the director. There Gauvreau obtained a certificate in general botany, followed by a certificate in systematic botany in 1932. Gauvreau received her licentiate in natural sciences in 1933. She then took courses in zoology, pedagogy for the natural sciences, paleobotany, economic botany, general biology and floristics.
Gauvreau started her career by becoming the first librarian at the Institut de botanique. Frère Marie-Victorin asked her to catalogue the documents in the Institut de botanique's library, so she attended the McGill University	Library School, earning her diploma in science librarianship in 1935. Gauvreau also participated in the publication of Marie-Victorin's La Flore laurentienne. In 1933, she edited the text and wrote the index and the glossary, tasks that she also carried out for Marie-Victorin's three-volume Itinéraires work. In addition, Gauvreau worked as an assistant at the Institut de botanique.
Her interest in nature also led Gauvreau to take an astronomy course in 1950.
Specialization as a Botanist
One of the pioneers early in the scientific era and French Canada's first graduate with a master's of science degree, Gauvreau specialized in marine algae found in the St. Lawrence River	and at its mouth. Her research took her to the Îles de la Madeleine (Magdalen Islands), the Gaspé Peninsula, Saguenay, the Charlevoix region, Minganie, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. Gauvreau's thesis supervisor was Jules Brunel. She also made numerous trips to the United States and Europe to round out her studies.
At the beginning, Gauvreau shared her knowledge with religious educators, including the sisters of the Congregation of Jesus and Mary of Canada and the United States (at the Collège de Sillery in Quebec City) and the sisters of the CND (at the Institut de pédagogie familiale run by the Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary in Outremont). Gauvreau also taught summer courses to teachers at the Institut de botanique. Throughout her life, she was an educator to all kinds of learners: small children, students young and old, adults and teachers.
Founding and Administration of the École de l'Éveil
Founded in 1935, the École de l'Éveil was a school that introduced students aged 4 to 7 to natural history by developing their sense of observation. For the first four years, the school was run out of a room at the Hotel Pennsylvania on Saint-Denis Street, across from the Université de Montréal. Then, beginning in the summer of 1939, the school was housed at the Jardin botanique (Botanical Garden) as part of its Educational Service. Gauvreau's brothers were in charge of furnishing the school: Louis drew up the plans and Jean-Marie carried them out. The school moved to the Institut Cardinal-Léger in 1957 and to the Fédération nationale Saint-Jean-Baptiste on Sherbrooke Street in 1965. Gauvreau gave courses throughout the province and opened satellites of the school in Ville d'Anjou, Duvernay, Rivière-des-Prairies, Rosemont and Saint-Léonard. Students aged 7 to 10 also took her courses. The École de l'Éveil helped democratize scientific knowledge but closed upon the death of its founder.
Work as a Communicator
From 1933 to 1944, Gauvreau was one of the first women to present the results of her research to the Association canadienne-française pour l'avancement des sciences	(Acfas). From 1941, on the educational Société Radio-Canada (SRC) program Radio-Collège, she produced some segments for the La cité des plantes	series. In 1943, in the guise of the Fée des fleurs (Fairy of the Flowers), Gauvreau told fictional stories for children and the young at heart on the SRC's radio service three times a week. Gauvreau also was also a commentator on many radio programs, including Le Réveil rural and Fémina, and appeared on television in Merveilles de la nature, for which she also worked as a researcher.
For eight years, Gauvreau wrote the Cercles des jeunes naturalistes's monthly column in L'oiseau bleu, a magazine published by the Société Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Montréal. From 1938 to 1954, she wrote a weekly article on botany for the newspaper Le Devoir. Gauvreau published three books popularizing science for the very young as sole author, two books in collaboration with others, and ten brochures. She penned 267 articles for various newspapers and magazines including L'Intérim, L'Action catholique, L'Écho du Bas-Saint-Laurent, L'Éclaireur, L'Enseignement primaire, L'oiseau bleu, Bibliothèque des jeunes naturalistes, La Famille, La Presse, La Province, La Voix nationale, Bulletin des Sociétés de géographie de Québec et de Montréal, Le Devoir, Le Droit, Le Quartier latin, Annales de l'ACFAS, Paysana and Regard. In total, she wrote about 400 documents, in addition to translating and adapting two volumes on the flora and fauna of Canada. The many talks she delivered charmed audiences as numerous as they were varied.
Relationship with Frère Marie-Victorin
In the beginning, Frère Marie-Victorin was Gauvreau's mentor, but between these two tuberculosis survivors there grew a closeness that was evident to those around them. Through the years, Gauvreau moved from being Marie-Victorin's close collaborator to his confidante. Some even spoke of love. From 1933 to 1944, Gauvreau carried on an epistolary relationship with Marie-Victorin, which led to the publication of Lettres biologiques: recherches sur la sexualité humaine. The two researchers exchanged views on various subjects. She aided in his sexuality research, which was based on his encounters with Cuban sex workers, by teaching him, among other things, about female desire.
This correspondence may seem astonishing. It should be remembered, however, that there was also an epistolary relationship between Cardinal Karol Wojtyła, Archbishop of Krakow and future Pope John Paul II, with the Polish-born, married, American philosopher Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka — a relationship of thirty years that he himself characterized as being an "intense friendship." Frère Marie-Victorin intimated many times how the obligation of chastity was an insurmountable trial and how it was necessary to reconcile sexuality and religion. The Lettres biologiques represent an important contribution to the history of sexuality in Quebec and of religious life.
Award, Association canadienne-française pour l'avancement des sciences (Acfas) (1939)
Medal, Association canadienne des bibliothécaires pour enfants (for Plantes vagabondes) (1961)
Marie Gérin-Lajoie
Maude Abbott
Frère Marie-Victorin


Medpace Holdings, Inc. to Report Second Quarter 2018 Financial Results on July 30, 2018 | Medpace Holdings, Inc.
Medpace Holdings, Inc. (Nasdaq: MEDP) ("Medpace") today announced that it will report its second quarter 2018 financial results after the market close on Monday, July 30, 2018. The Company will host a conference call the following morning, Tuesday, July 31, 2018, at 9:00 a.m. ET to discuss these results.
A recording of the call will be available from 12:00 p.m. ET on Tuesday, July 31, 2018 until 12:00 p.m. ET on Tuesday, August 14, 2018. To hear this recording, dial 855-859-2056 (domestic) or 404-537-3406 (international) using the passcode 7865703.
Medpace is a scientifically-driven, global, full-service clinical contract research organization (CRO) providing Phase I-IV clinical development services to the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and medical device industries. Medpace's mission is to accelerate the global development of safe and effective medical therapeutics through its high-science and disciplined operating approach that leverages regulatory and therapeutic expertise across all major areas including oncology, cardiology, metabolic disease, endocrinology, central nervous system and anti-viral and anti-infective. Headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, Medpace employs approximately 2,600 people across 36 countries.


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Суперлига 2018/2019 () — 90-й профессиональный чемпионат Аргентины по футболу с момента его основания.

По итогам предыдущего сезона лигу покинули «Темперлей», «Олимпо», «Арсенал» и «Чакарита Хуниорс». Их заменили «Альдосиви» (победитель Примеры B Насьональ 2017/18) и «Сан-Мартин де Тукуман», занявший 3-е место в Примере B Насьональ и победивший в плей-офф за выход в Суперлигу.

Команды

Турнирная таблица

Таблица вылета

Ссылки

 Статистика чемпионата на soccerway.com
 Регламент чемпионата на сайте afa.org.ar

2018/2019
Аргентина
Спорт в Аргентине в 2018 году
Спорт в Аргентине в 2019 году


NEW DELHI: The Vijender Singh juggernaut rolled on without a glitch as the Indian boxing star took less than 10 minutes to successfully defend his WBO Asia-Pacific Super Middleweight title with an emphatic Technical Knockout win over Tanzania's Francis Cheka here on Saturday.
Vijender landed the winning blow in the third round of what was to be a 10-round contest to leave on the former World Champion Cheka dazed and a packed Thyagraj Stadium delirious.
"I trained hard in Manchester for two months for this. I thank all my coaches for the effort they put in. Cheka talked so much but I believed in my punch power, and I have done it," Vijender said after the bout. Celebrities adorned the front rows surrounding the ring.
From five-time world champion MC Mary Kom to star wrestling duo of Sushil Kumar and Yogeshwar Dutt, it was a power-packed front row to cheer for Vijender from ringside.


PHILIPP is the most popular 4913.rd name in USA (... 4911.bronwyn , 4912.rodrick , 4913.philipp , 4914.larue , 4915.rajni ...). One in every 54,016 Americans is named PHILIPP and popularity of name PHILIPP is 18.51 people per million.
If we compare the popularity statistics of PHILIPP to USA's population statistics, we can estimate that as of April.26.2019 05:59 there are 6,162 people named as PHILIPP in the United States and the number is increasing by 49 people every year.
First Names which are compatible or rhyming with PHILIPP. They will be the best brother/sister names for PHILIPP.


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The Overland Track - Tasmania, Australia
We visited Cradle Mountain a few years ago and have always said we must go back and do the overland trail. The overland track is regarded as one of the best multi-day treks in Australia. It starts right at the base of Cradle Mountain, Lake St Clair National Park in Tasmania. It runs for 65 km to Lake St Clair or if you add the hike along Lake St Clair it brings the length to 82 km. Plus there's also a plethora of side trails that allow you to explore mountain peaks, lakes and waterfalls.
Around 8,000 walkers complete the track each year as it winds through changing terrain including sheer mountains, rivers, alpine plains and temperate rainforest. Oh and it's all part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area.
We set out to hike the trail over 6 days in early February and do as many side trails as we could. The weather can vary a lot, all year round so we made sure we took gear that would keep us warm and dry no matter what the conditions were. Luckily we were in for a treat, a forecast for no rain and 20-23 °C every day. Perfect!
Overland Track Day 1: Ronny Creek to Waterfall Valley
Public transport to and from Cradle Mountain is quite limited, especially on a Sunday however McDermott's Bus company run a service out of Launceston at 8:00am which suited us. It terms of gear, we made sure we packed as light as we could whilst ensuring we were ready to face the elements and have enough food to keep us going. Our packs were approx 18 kg complete with tent, mat, sleeping gear, cooking equipment, and clothing for all conditions (it can get to below 0 °C with snow even in summer).
We arrived, signed in and were on the trail by about 11:00am. Day 1 is regarded as one of the toughest days as it includes a fair altitude gain of around 800 metres. Plus, on day 1 your pack is at its heaviest!
A large portion of the trail is raised boardwalk which makes the walking much easier as we gently climbed up to Crater Lake. The trail towards Marion Lookout is more challenging and involves chains for leverage. It's a great view and very popular for day walkers from Cradle Mountain. We ate lunch at Kitchens hut and then did the optional ascend to the top of Cradle Mountain (1,545m). It's quite a scramble to get there and takes 2-3 hours to do however the 360° views are well worth it.
We got into the Waterfall Valley camp at around 8:30pm and cooked up some rice and salmon before the sunset, right by the creek. What a beautiful setting.
Overland Track Day 2: Waterfall Valley to Lake Windermere
Day 2 is a pretty gentle day of 7.8 km of undulating terrain over buttongrass plains which winds passed some crystal clear lakes. A few friends told us we will encounter plenty of snakes and we saw our first of five on day 2! It was a tiger snake approximately 1.5m long, off the trail far enough away to be any concern.
We took the side trip to Lake Will, a 1 hour return trip to relax and laze on the sandy beaches whilst we ate lunch. Lunches generally consisted of a mix of mountain/flat bread, cheese, salami, carrot, celery, vegemite, vita-weats & peanut butter. For snacks, we made our own scroggin / trail mix (a sweet and a savoury version), some chocolate and lollies. Spending time in the wilderness really does make you appreciate food! It was a great setting especially beneath the backdrop of Barn Bluff.
From Lake Will the trail goes on to Lake Windermere high across the plateau with expansive views east and to the west of the alpine moors. Not too long after we arrived at Windermere Hut right at the edge of a myrtle forest. Tent platforms have been built in this camping area which help reduce environmental damage and help keep your tent drier. The nights got a lot cooler, perhaps 5 °C. If you are planning to go, make sure you have a sub zero rated sleeping bag.
We cooked up an Indian dish with a packet sause and pre-cooked rice for dinner, played some cards and chatted with other hikers before hitting the hay early.
Overland Track Day 3: Lake Windermere to Pelion
The third day is the longest at 16.8 km in length (if you don't count the side trails). However it is fairly flat and has a lot of raised boardwalks which helps. It starts out through the heathland and moorland to one of the highlights,the Forth Valley Lookout. It's a deep, dramatic valley which apparently would have been logged if it weren't for some passionate protesters in the 1980's.
We continued through a Pine Forest Moor across Pelion Creek and into a myrtle-beech rainforest on the eastern part of Mt Pelion West. We then decended to Frog Flats which is the lowest section of the Overland Track at 730m above sea level. Forth Creek was our lunch spot (for us and the many mosquitoes).
You really notice the change in flora throughout the day. By the end, we passed through an open eucalypt forest on the edge of Pelion Plains. After setting up camp at Pelion Hut we took in the spectacular dolerite spires of Mt Oakleigh and did some wildlife spotting, as the sun started to set. We were lucky enough to spot wallabies, a wombat, possums and Pademelons.
The evening dinner consisted of soupy mix of miso, tofu, noodles, broccoli and dehydrated mushrooms.
Overland Track Day 4: Pelion to Kia Ora
The length of day 4 is approx 8.6 km's however we decided to climb Mt Ossa which almost doubled that and meant we climbed a little more than we did on day 1. It's basically all the way up to Tasmania's highest mountain, Mt Ossa and then back down to the same altitude we started at. Pelion Hut and Kia Ora Hut both sit at 850m in elevation.
The trail initially goes along Douglas Creek and climbs up 300m through rainforest to Pelion Gap. Pelion Gap is an exposed alpine plateau between Mt Pelion East and Mt Ossa. As the weather was ideal, we summitted (Mt Ossa 1617 m) leaving our big packs at Pelion Gap. We took small/packable day packs which were handy to carry just the essentials - water, food and layers. We reached the top which was covered in cloud and within a few miniutes it lifted and exposed an increadible view of the whole area, allowing us to see where we had come from and where we were headed next.
The descent back down to our packs and then on to Kia Ora Hut was through beautiful Pinestone Valley with views of Cathedral Mountain. A big day and one of our favourites. We found ourselves a platform, setup camp and tucked into some pasta with veg for dinner followed by a chia/hot chocolate pudding (delish).
Overland Track Day 5: Kia Ora to Windy Ridge (Bert Nichols Hut)
A curious and hungry possum woke us up during the night as he tried to get into our bags for food. Luckily we weren't back in the USA when we had to be wary of bears! Day 5 was a great day, a lot of the trail is immersed in rainforest as we skirted around Castle Crag and by the Mersey River.
About an hour into the walk, we checked out Du Cane Hut which was built in 1910 by Paddy Hartnett, a bushman and miner. Further along we took the first side trip which went down to D'Alton and Fergusson falls (1 km return). Of the 2, Fergusson was most impressive and lead to us chilling out with a hot drink and some snacks as we laid in the sun.
The next side trip is to view Hartnett Falls (1.5 km return), which are the tallest waterfalls of the three. For all 3 falls, we left our pack at the track junctions. More relaxation here as we ate lunch on top of the falls, swam and hiked to the bottom of the falls for a view.
Back on the main track, we began the gradual climb to Du Cane Gap which is situated between the Traveller Range and the Du Cane Range. After reaching the top, there was a steep descent into a bowl-like area of the Du Cane Range. The whole region was sculpted by glaciers thousands of years ago. Soon after the canopy opens out we made it to the next camp: Windy Ridge and Bert Nichols Hut. This place was spectacular. It's almost totally surrounded by the stunning Du Cane Range.
With limited camping platforms, we slept in the huts after a feast of polenta, with dehydrated muchrooms, peas and gravy!
Overland Track Day 6: Windy Ridge to Narcissus
Day 6 was upon us and it all came too soon! The ferry at on Lake St Clair at Narcissus was pre-booked for 3:00pm so we had 9 km and plenty of time to get there.
After a tasty breakfast of oats, chia seeds and nuts we set off for the easiest day that slowly decends to Lake St Clair along the glacier's path to Narcissus Hut. The scenery was different again with tall eucalypts and heath shrubs with loads of birds chirping. As we closed in towards Narcissus River, we took in the beautiful dolerite columns of Mount Olympus.
The Narcissus River crossing is on a suspension bridge which was fun and before we knew it, we arrived that Narcissus Hut right by the Narcissus River. It's in this hut that we radioed the info centre at Lake St Clair to confirm our ferry booking (which all hikers have to do).
We sprawled out in the sun after a swim by the jetty as we waited for the ferry to arrive and soaked up the last 40 minutes of this world class scenery. The ferry dropped us at Cynthia Bay and we signed out. What a journey. It was an experience of a lifetime with memories that will forever stay with us. If you are considering the hike yourself, do yourself a favour and book it in!
Posted by TheNomadWay.com 16:00 Archived in Australia Tagged overland Comments (0)


Analyses of galaxy clustering in redshift surveys such as the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), have provided robust cosmological measurements and are now considered as one of the pillars of modern observational cosmology. The key technique uses Baryon Acoustic Oscillations as a standard ruler with which to measure the expansion of the Universe: finding the BAO scale within the galaxy survey fixes the distance-redshift relation. Complementary measurements can be made on smaller scales using voids as standard shapes - on average voids have no preferred orientation with respect to us, and this can be used to make cosmological measurements. I will introduce both BAO and void-based methods, and present recent results using both, confirming and refining the standard LCDM cosmological model. Future surveys including the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), the Euclid satellite mission and the MaunaKea Spectroscopic Explorer (as well as the related CHIME project, based at UBC), will provide an order of magnitude more information than BOSS and I will introduce these surveys and discuss predictions for the expected measurements.


This week is World Book Week and we have lots of activities planned for the children and parents too!
Book Week Launch Monday 2nd March is the launch of Book Week; there will be an assembly in the morning which parents are welcome to attend. There will also be some children reading exerts from Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.
Drama Company Workshop, there is a drama company coming into school for the whole day on Monday for a Willie Wonka themed workshop with each class.
Book Swap! We will be having a book swap on Thursday 5th March. Children who want to swap their old books for 'new' ones can bring their books in before Thursday.
Story Teller Sue Allonby will be in school on Tuesday visiting each class throughout the day.
Book Fair! Our book fair is arriving on Thursday 5th March! It will open after school on Thursday and each night after until the following Wednesday. £1 Book tokens will be given to your child on Thursday.
Bedtime Story Day on Thursday 5th March where children can come to school in their pyjamas, onesie and dressing-gowns. Please be mindful that children will still be outside during playtime and lunchtime so will still need the correct footwear and coat etc.
Coffee Morning on Friday 6th March after assembly is our Book Fair Coffee Morning for parents. This will be held in the hall and there will be tea, coffee and biscuits. I do hope you will be able to join us!


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Diversity, inclusion and fundraising
The Inclusive Fundraiser: Representation Matters!
This article originally appeared in Hilborn Charity eNews.
I grew up in small-town Ontario in the '80s and early 90's, and like many of us coming of age in North America at that time, I was raised on a pretty homogenous media diet.
Beverly Hills 90210. Little House on the Prairie. Dirty Dancing. Family Ties. And yes, though I shudder to think - Sweet Valley High.
If anyone breeched the walls of the white, heterosexual, able-bodied world of books, film and television in that era, it was usually to illustrate an after-school special style storyline that ended up reinforcing negative stereotypes.
While things are still far from perfect, there has been a lot of change – Black Panther, This is Us, Speechless, The Hate U Give, Get Out, and Moonlight are all recent examples of rich, complex stories where people of colour, LGBTQ people and disabled people take centre stage.
But if you have a look at some of the marketing and communications we're doing in the nonprofit sector, you'd think we're back at West Beverley High, hanging at the Peach Pit with Brandon, Brenda, Dylan and Kelly.
So, why does representation matter when it comes to fundraising?
When we can see fair and well-rounded representations of ourselves on a screen, in the pages of a book or magazine, or in the headlines of the news, we get a message:
We are valued. Our stories are valued. Our contributions to society are valued.
But what's the message being sent when we're missing?
This applies equally to nonprofit organizations, and our marketing and communications.
Do all your donors and potential supporters see themselves and their stories reflected back by your organization?
Or does their absence send a strong message about who and what you value as an organization?
Here's a quick exercise for you – pick a recent communication that was shared broadly with your stakeholders. It could be an annual report, a video, or a newsletter.
Review it, and pay close attention to the stories and images, and ask yourself these questions:
Who is represented as a donor?
If you're like some charities, your marketing and communications materials look like the society pages – glittery galas, lots of ladies who lunch, and grip and grin, suit and tie corporate cheque presentations.
And typically, not a lot of diversity of race or ethnicity, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity or socio-economic status when you're looking at who is being represented as a donor.
When certain groups of donors are always missing in your communications, we receive a clear message (whether it's one you intend to send or not):
This organization is not for me.
It doesn't have to be this way! There are countless amazing donor stories from diverse communities of supporters out there. Make it a priority to look for them, and include them regularly in your marketing and communications.
One of the projects I'm proudest of from my time with Toronto nonprofit The Redwood is this Gratitude Report we developed in partnership with the awesome Agents of Good.
We set ourselves clear goals, and worked hard to find and tell the stories of a diverse group of supporters, representing monthly donors, bequest pledgors, volunteers, local businesses, and community organizations.
You know how you often hear people recommend starting a bank of stories of people your organization has helped? Why not do the same for donors?
So many donors have compelling personal stories to share about what inspired their support of your cause – all you have to do is ask!
Who is represented as a beneficiary?
Sheena Greer wrote a great op-ed for Hilborn Charity e-News last year called Nostalgia and the Whites of our Eyes. I encourage you to read it in its entirety, but I'll give my own Coles Notes version here.
A legacy giving video out of the UK looks back fondly on the "good ol' days" – the first half of the video features white faces smiling, dancing, and celebrating.
The second half of the video is filled with images of poverty and suffering – and is entirely populated by people of colour.
The subtext? White folks are donors, philanthropists and legacy leavers. Black and brown folks are the poor beneficiaries of white largesse.
While this is problematic on so many different levels (white savior complex, anyone?), in so narrowly defining who's a donor and who's a beneficiary, your organization is excluding a large and growing population of potential donors.
Savvy fundraisers are looking to the future, and understanding that demographic shifts mean we're going to need to change the way we do things in fundraising – and in the nonprofit sector as a whole.
Take Toronto as an example.
Recently released data from Canada's 2016 census shows that the majority of people living in Toronto identify themselves as visible minorities – 51.5% of Torontonians, to be exact (and let's hope this means we can finally officially toss the outdated term "visible minority"!)
If your organization isn't thinking seriously about diversity, equity and inclusion, and taking it into account during all facets of your organizational development, you're going to get left behind.
Who is represented on your leadership team?
When you flip the pages of your last annual report, or scroll through the pages of your website, whose faces do you see represented when it comes to your organization's leadership?
Chances are, your board and senior management team is pretty homogenous.
Data from the Ontario Nonprofit Network report Shaping the Future indicates that 87% of Executive Directors in Ontario are white.
This issue is delved into in more detail in a must-read study out of the US called Race to Lead: Confronting the Racial Leadership Gap.
Similar to Ontario, the percentage of people of color in nonprofit executive director roles has remained under 20% for the past decade.
This study also found that people of colour are just as qualified as their white counterparts, and want to be the CEOs of nonprofit organizations (in fact, more so than white respondents).
The lack of people of color in top leadership roles is a serious structural problem for the nonprofit sector. We are missing out on a massive pool of talent because of systemic barriers and implicit bias.
Before I close, I just wanted to acknowledge that moving towards greater diversity, equity and inclusion is much deeper and more complex than simply looking at who is represented in the pages of your last newsletter. It requires systemic change, both within your organization, and without.
However, I've noticed that taking a closer look at the patterns of who you are representing as a donor, beneficiary and leader can trigger an a-ha moment for many organizations, mobilizing them to make change in crucial areas like governance, human resources, and training and professional development.
Representation matters! As an Inclusive Fundraiser, how are you going to take action to make sure your donors feel valued, and see themselves meaningfully included in your organization?
The Inclusive Fundraiser is an on-going series of articles about diversity, equity and inclusion in fundraising. You can subscribe to my updates to have these articles delivered straight to your inbox – and if you have any thoughts or feedback you'd like to share, leave a comment below, or drop me a line at emma@blueskyphilanthropy.com.


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Travel Freebies and Deals for 10 Fabulous U.S. Cities
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6 Things to Do If You're Hoping to Buy a House This Year
It's easy to find free tickets to museums in Los Angeles. There are museums that are always free like The Getty Center and Getty Villa Museum on the Westside, and the California Science Center and The Broad downtown. Other museums have monthly free ticket days, like the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (NHM). LACMA offers free admission on the second Tuesday of every month while NHM has free admission on the first Tuesday of every month except July and August.
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Better Ecosystems
All our facilitators have two things in common: they walk the talk, and they know how to hold space for your growth. If you would like to reach out to any of us for a customized course for your group or organization, reach out here.
Jaya Ramchandani
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text:
Q: Outlining a 3D model using Stencil-buffer First I'd like to mention that I found what I believe to be the exact same question, unfortunately without an answer, here:
Java Using OpenGL Stencil to create Outline
I will post my code below, but first here is the problem: from this capture**, you can see that the entire frame structure is showing, instead of a single line around the sphere. I would like to get rid of all those lines inside!

** Apparently I cannot add pictures: see this link - imagine a sphere with all the edges of the quads visible in big 3 pixels large lines.
http://srbwks36224-03.engin.umich.edu/kdi/images/gs_sphere_with_frame.jpg

Here is the code giving that result:
// First render the sphere:
// inside "show" is all the code to display a textured sphere
// looking like earth
sphe->show();

// Now get ready for stencil buffer drawing pass:
// 1. Clear and initialize it
// 2. Activate stencil buffer
// 3. On the first rendering pass, we want to "SUCCEED ALWAYS"
//    and write a "1" into the stencil buffer accordingly
// 4. We don't need to actually render the object, hence disabling RGB mask
glClearStencil(0);   //Edit: swapped this line and below
glClear(GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
glEnable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
glStencilFunc(GL_NEVER, 0x1, 0x1);          //Edit: GL_ALWAYS
glStencilOp(GL_REPLACE, GL_KEEP, GL_KEEP);  //Edit: GL_KEEP, GL_KEEP, GL_REPLACE
glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
glColorMask(GL_FALSE, GL_FALSE, GL_FALSE, GL_FALSE);
glDepthMask(GL_FALSE);   // As per Andon's comment
sphe->show();

// At this point, I expect to have "1" on the entire
// area covered by the sphere, so...
// 1. Stencil test should fail for anything, but 0 value
// RM: commented is another option that should work too I believe
// 2. The stencil op instruction at the point is somewhat irrelevant
//    (if my understanding is correct), because we won't do anything
//    else with the stencil buffer after that.
// 3. Re-enable RGB mask, because we want to draw this time
// 4. Switch to LINE drawing instead of FILL and
// 5. set a bigger line width, so it will exceed the model boundaries.
//    We do want this, otherwise the line would not show
// 6. Don't mind the "uniform" setting instruction, this is so
//    that my shader knows it should draw in plain color
// 7. Draw the sphere's frame
// 8. The principle, as I understand it is that all the lines should
//    find themselves matched to a "1" in the stencil buffer and therefore
//    be ignored for rendering. Only lines on the edges of the model should
//    have half their width not failing the stencil test.
glStencilFunc(GL_EQUAL, 0x0, 0x1);
//glStencilFunc(GL_NOTEQUAL, 0x1, 0x1);
glStencilOp(GL_KEEP, GL_KEEP, GL_REPLACE);
glColorMask(GL_TRUE, GL_TRUE, GL_TRUE, GL_TRUE);
glDepthMask(GL_TRUE);
glLineWidth(3);
glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
psa::shader::setUniform("outlining", 1);
sphe->show();
psa::shader::setUniform("outlining", 0);

Now just to prove a point, I tired to do something different using the stencil buffer - I just wanted to make sure that everything was in place in my code, for it to work.

** Again I can unfortunately not show a screen capture of the result I get: the scene is like this
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/images/eps-gif/SphereSphereInterGraphic_700.gif
But the smaller sphere is invisible (RGB mask deactivated) and one can see the world background through the hole (instead of the inside of the bigger sphere - face culling is deactivated).

And this is the code... Interestingly, I can change many things like activate/deactivate the STENCIL_TEST, change operation to GL_KEEP everywhere, or even change second stencilFunc to "NOT EQUAL 0"... The result is always the same! I think I am missing something basic here.
void testStencil()
{
    // 1. Write a 1 in the Stencil buffer for
    // every pixels of the first sphere:
    // All colors disabled, we don't need to see that sphere
    glEnable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
    glStencilFunc(GL_ALWAYS, 0x1, 0x1);
    glStencilOp(GL_KEEP, GL_KEEP, GL_REPLACE);
    glColorMask(GL_FALSE, GL_FALSE, GL_FALSE, GL_FALSE);
    glDepthMask(GL_FALSE);   // Edit: added this
    {
        sphe->W = mat4::trans(psa::vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)) * mat4::scale(0.9);
        sphe->show();
    }

    // 2. Draw the second sphere with the following rule:
    // fail the stencil test for every pixels with a 1.
    // This means that  any pixel from first sphere will
    // not be draw as part of the second sphere.
    glStencilFunc(GL_EQUAL, 0x0, 0x1);
    glStencilOp(GL_KEEP, GL_KEEP, GL_REPLACE);
    glColorMask(GL_TRUE, GL_TRUE, GL_TRUE, GL_TRUE);
    glDepthMask(GL_TRUE);    // Edit: added this
    {
        sphe->W = mat4::trans(psa::vec4(1.2, 1.2, 1.2)) * mat4::scale(1.1);
        sphe->show();
    }
}

Et voila! If anyone could point me in the right direction I would very much appreciate it. I'll also make sure to refer your answer to this other post I found.

A: The OpenGL code posted in this question works. The cause of the problem lied in the window initialization/creation:

Below are respectively the SDL1.2 and SDL2 versions of the code that work. Note that in both cases the SetAttribute statements are placed before the window creation. The main problem being that miss-placed statements will not necessarily fail at run-time, but won't work either.
SDL1.2:
if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) < 0)
{
    throw "Video initialization failed";
}

SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_RED_SIZE,     5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_GREEN_SIZE,   5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BLUE_SIZE,    5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE,  24);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLEBUFFERS, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLESAMPLES,16);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_ACCELERATED_VISUAL, 1);

const SDL_VideoInfo * i;
if((i = SDL_GetVideoInfo()) == NULL)
{
    throw "Video query failed";
}

int flag = (fs ? SDL_OPENGL | SDL_FULLSCREEN : SDL_OPENGL);
if(SDL_SetVideoMode(w, h, i->vfmt->BitsPerPixel, flag) == 0)
{
    throw "Video mode set failed";
}

glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
if(glewInit() != GLEW_OK)
{
    throw "Could not initialize GLEW";
}

if(!glewIsSupported("GL_VERSION_3_3"))
{
    throw "OpenGL 3.3 not supported";
}

SDL2 (same code essentially, just the window creation functions change):
if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) < 0)
{
    throw "Video initialization failed";
}

SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_RED_SIZE,     5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_GREEN_SIZE,   5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BLUE_SIZE,    5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE,  24);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLEBUFFERS, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLESAMPLES,16);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_ACCELERATED_VISUAL, 1);

int flag = SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL;
if((win = SDL_CreateWindow("engine", 100, 100, w, h, flag)) == NULL)
{
    throw "Create SDL Window failed";
}

context = SDL_GL_CreateContext(win);

glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
if(glewInit() != GLEW_OK)
{
    throw "Could not initialize GLEW";
}

if(!glewIsSupported("GL_VERSION_3_3"))
{
    throw "OpenGL 3.3 not supported";
}

A few points worth mentioning:
1. Even-though I understand it is not advised, SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 1) works too
2. In SDL2, SDL_GL_SetAttribute SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLESAMPLES goes up to 16 for me, after that glewInit() fails, BUT, move the multisampling setting after the window creation and suddenly glewInit stops complaining: my guess is that it is just being ignored.
3. In SDL1.2, any value of Multisampling "seem" to work
4. Considering the stencil buffer feature only the code below works too, but I post it essentially to raise the question: how many of the Attribute settings are actually working? And how to know, since the code compiles and runs without apparent problem?
// PROBABLY WRONG:
// ----
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8);

const SDL_VideoInfo * i;
if((i = SDL_GetVideoInfo()) == NULL)
{
        throw "Video query failed";
}

int flag = (fs ? SDL_OPENGL | SDL_FULLSCREEN : SDL_OPENGL);
if(SDL_SetVideoMode(w, h, i->vfmt->BitsPerPixel, flag) == 0)
{
    throw "Video mode set failed";
}

// No idea if the below is actually applied!
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_RED_SIZE,     5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_GREEN_SIZE,   5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BLUE_SIZE,    5);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE,  24);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLEBUFFERS, 1);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_MULTISAMPLESAMPLES, 16);
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_ACCELERATED_VISUAL, 1);


text:
Rectors of Campsea Ashe
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More history of buildings
St John the Baptist Church was built in the 14th century and it is believed that the first Rector, Galfridus de Castre, was appointed as long ago as 1312. Since then there have been many Rectors some of whom we know a lot about, others who have left few memories about themselves.
This short guide is an introduction to the Rectors of Campsea Ashe from the earliest incumbent through to the present day and it tries to bring together all the information about each one from a variety of sources. Unfortunately, many of the Rectors have left no historical documents about themselves and so nothing can be included about them other than the date they were instituted to the post.
Name Date of institution Further information
Galfridus de Castre 1312 Nothing is known of Galfridus de Castre other than his name appearing on the list of Rectors in the Church. Castre could refer to a place in France, or there is reference to a manor of Castre near Flegg in Norfolk
John de Shaftsbury 1361 It is believed he was also appointed Rector of Ellingham in Norfolk at the same time as his appointment to Campsea Ashe
William Tyken 1395
Thomas Brown 1447
Alexander Ingllysh ? Go
Edmund Briggett ?
John Leycester 1505
It appears that he was Rector at Campsea Ashe for just one year. He is also known to have been vicar of Stoke Neyland and Rector of Stonham Aspal.
John Bredlaughe (or Bradlaughe) 1506
John Hecker 1510
John Shery (or Shrery) 1533
John Hood 1534
John Hood is the first Rector that is mentioned by Rev Lucas in his history of Campsea Ashe. According to Rev Lucas, no record of John Hood can be found at the Diocesan Registry at Norwich. It is believed he was deprived of his living in 1554, but Lucas does not know the reason for this.
Thomas Borough 1554
Believed he was appointed Rector of Marlesford in 1519.
John Aldham 1567
Little is known of this Rector other than the date of his appointment in 1567 and the date he was deprived of his living just one year later. It is not known why the deprivation happened!
Henry Townrowe 1584
William Farrer 1607
Appointed in 1607, his Patron's were the Duke Of Suffolk and William Glover.
Robert Camborne 1637
Ordained as a priest on 26th February 1631 by Bishop Theophilus Field. He became Rector in 1637 and remained Rector until his death, from natural causes, in 1671.
Samuel Stubbinge 1671
Samuel was ordained as a deacon in 1661 and as a priest on 22nd September 1662. He wasa Rector at Campsea Ashe from 4th October 1671 through to his death in 1678. He also took on the role of Rector at Hasketon in the last year of his life.
Edmund French 1677
Edmund was appointed in 1678 and remained so until his death in 1692. He became a deacon in 1665 and a priest a year later. As well as being Rector at Campsea Ashe, he was also Rector for Trimley St Martin and Trimley St Mary.
Samuel Fenn 1692
Ordained as a Deacon in 1684, Samuel became Rector at Campsea Ashe in 1692 and remained so until his death in 1719. He was also Curate at Marlesford (31/10/1709) and Vicar t Wickham Market for a time.
Isaac Carew 1719
Isaac was appointed Rector in 1719 on the death of his predecessor. He remained in post until his own death in 1751. He was also Vicar at Bawdsey and at Wickham Market.
Thomas Bishop 1751
The Patrons for Thomas were Elizabeth and Jenny Brame and he remained in post until his death in 1778. He was a busy man as he was also curate at both St Mary le Tower and St Mary at Elms (Ipswich) as well as Rector at Trimley st Martin and Great Blakenham.
William Stewart 1778
William was curate at Campsea Ashe before being appointed Rector. He was ordained in 1773 and became Rector at Campsea Ashe on 3rd April 1778. He died whilst Rector on 28th May 1784 when 'Samuel Kilderbee the younger' took over.
Samuel Kilderbee 1784 Go
George Frederick Tavel 1817 Go
Joseph Parson 1829 Go
Jermyn Pratt 1836 Go
Henry Edward Knatchbull 1867 Go
Godwyn Alfred Archer 1876 Go
Christopher Hodgson 1891
Francis Granville Lewis Lucas 1906
Charles Page Cory (Archdeacon) 1915 Go
William Robert Park 1937 Go
Mark Meynell 1950 Go
Walter Gorin 1957
Eric Wilfred Rolt 1969 Go
John Meyler Williams 1984 Go
Henry Victor Edwards 1996 Go
Following the retirement of Rev Edwards in 2012 the Diocese decided to appoint a Priest in Charge rather than a Rector to be incumbent of seven Churches which eventually became the Orebeck Benefice in 2017.
Priest in Charge
Deirdre West 2013 Appointed Priest in Charge in 2013 having previously been Curate.
Rev Canon Graham Hedger 2018 Licensed on 16th May 2018
Can you tell us anything more about any of our Incumbents? If so please use the contact form below.
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