text:
Wang D
Wang Z
Li Y
Chen X
Sun GY
Nimodipine
N-methyl-N-nitrosourea
retinal degeneration
Nimodipine inhibits N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinalphotoreceptor apoptosis in vivo
Dan Wang1, Zhuo Wang2, Yan Li3, Xin Chen4, Gui Yuan Sun5
1 Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang- 110 001; Department of Pharmacology, HE's University, Liaoning Shenyang-110163, People's Republic of China
2 Department of Pharmacology, HE's University, Liaoning Shenyang-110163, People's Republic of China
3 Experimental Teaching Center of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Liaoning Shenyang-110 016, People's Republic of China
4 Echo Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Shenyang-110 016, People's Republic of China
5 Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang- 110 001, People's Republic of China
Gui Yuan Sun
Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang- 110 001
Source of Support: This work was supported by China Medical University, Conflict of Interest: None
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nimodipine (NMD), a calcium channel blocker, on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced retinal degeneration.
Materials and Methods: 60 mg/kg MNU was given intraperitoneally to 6-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats, and NMD was injected intraperitoneally for up to 5 days after MNU. The effect of NMD was evaluated by electron microscopy and electroretinography (ERG). Proteins of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed with flow cytometry. The expressions of phosphodiesterase (PDE) and Caspase-3 were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results: The apparent preservation of NMD to the photoreceptor cell was demonstrated by electron microscopy. After NMD treatment, both a- and b-waves of ERG were significantly higher compared with the control group, and had a protective effect on MNU-damaged retinal ERG. Flow cytometric assays showed that NMD decreased the level of Bax and Caspase-3 and increased the activity of Bcl-2 in retina. NMD significantly restored the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that NMD treatment significantly decreased mRNA level of Caspase-3, and mRNA level of PDE was clearly upregulated.
Conclusions: These data suggest that NMD may regulate the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspases-3, and PDE, and protection on the functions of retinal cell mitochondria inhibit MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis and protect retinal function in rats.
Keywords: Nimodipine, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, retinal degeneration
Wang D, Wang Z, Li Y, Chen X, Sun GY. Nimodipine inhibits N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinalphotoreceptor apoptosis in vivo. Indian J Pharmacol 2013;45:149-54
Wang D, Wang Z, Li Y, Chen X, Sun GY. Nimodipine inhibits N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinalphotoreceptor apoptosis in vivo. Indian J Pharmacol [serial online] 2013 [cited 2022 Jan 22];45:149-54. Available from: https://www.ijp-online.com/text.asp?2013/45/2/149/108297
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) refers to a heterologous group of inherited human disorders which caused primary retinal degeneration and are characterized by loss of photoreceptor cells via apoptosis. [1] The incidence of RP is about 1/4,000, and almost 1.5 million people worldwide are affected. The effective medicines are in various stages of development, no drugs are actually available to treat people with RP.
MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis in rats provides a good model for human RP, both in understanding the disease and in providing a mechanism for developing and evaluating therapeutic interventions. [2] In previous study, a dose of 60 mg/kg MNU was considered optimal to induce maximum damage in retina and cause photoreceptor cell apoptosis in rats. [3]
In recent years, there has been an upsurge of interest in unraveling the roles of Ca 2+ antagonists in the pathophysiology of different human diseases including neurodegenerative and retinal degenerative diseases. For example, systemic administration of nilvadipine delays photoreceptor degeneration of heterozygous retinal degeneration slow (RDS) mouse. [4]
Nimodipine (NMD) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist, which has been shown to dilate cerebral arterioles and increase cerebral blood flow in animals and humans. In the clinic practice, it is used to treat cerebral vasospasm and migraine headaches, and had the neuroprotective potential in the recent study. In addition, NMD may be considered as a protective agent against severe head trauma related neuronal injuries. [5] Studies have demonstrated NMD can protect retinal neurons from ischemic injury and it was significantly effective vasodilators in human and pig retinal arterioles. [6],[7] Several researchers reported that oral administration of NMD had beneficial effect in visual field tests color vision tests and contrast sensitivity. [8] NMD has been shown to improve ocular haemodynamics and to increase visual field in patients with normal-pressure glaucoma and primary open angle glaucoma, and it might also be effective in ameliorating cerebral haemodynamics in glaucoma. In vitro, NMD has a direct neuroprotective effect against retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage related to hypoxia. [9],[10],[11]
All these show that NMD as a calcium channel blocker is potentially useful for ophthalmic treatment. However, the effect of NMD on the nervous system has not been explored and even less is known about its effects on retinal degenerative diseases. In the present study, we adopted the animal model of MNU-induced retinal degeneration to assess the protective effect of NMD. The retinal changes were measured after NMD treatment to MNU-induced damage rats on morphology with light and electron microscopy, electroretinography (ERG) and mitochondrial membrane potential, the possible mechanisms of apoptotic cell death of photoreceptor cells are performed by flow cytometry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in rats.
Animals and Procedures
MNU (Sigma) was kept at −20°C in the dark. Before use, MNU was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) just before use. Rats received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of MNU at a dose of 60 mg/kg or an injection of vehicle. Anti-caspase-3 (rabbit polyclonal antibody), rabbit anti-Bcl-2, rabbit anti-Bax, Cy3 conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG and all other chemicals were purchased from commercial sources.
6-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were purchased from the animal facility at the China Medical University, P.R. China. Animal experiments were performed in accordance with the ARVO Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research, and the study was approved by the local Medical Ethics Committee. Rats were reared under standard laboratory conditions (22 ± 2°C, 60% ± 10% relative humidity, and a 12 h light-dark cycle) and had free access to food and water throughout the experiment.
To investigate the effect of NMD on MNU-induced retinal damage, rats were randomly divided into three groups, including control group (NC group), MNU-treated group (MNU group) and NMD-treated group (NMD group). In the NMD treatment group, rats received a single i.p. injection of 60 mg/kg body weight MNU, followed immediately by once daily injection of 2 mg/kg NMD for 5 days. In the MNU group, after a single i.p. of MNU injection, PBS (10 ml/kg, once a day) was administrated instead of NMD for 5 days. NC group animals were injected with a corresponding bolus of PBS. Then, the animals were prepared for ERG analysis, and killed at 5 days after MNU treatment.
The eyes were enucleated, and the retinas were dissected away from the pigmented epithelium and resolved in PBS on ice in 1 ml of PBS. After centrifugation at 1,000 rpm for 5 min., retinal cells were examined the expression of the protein of Bcl2, Bax, and Caspase-3. Total RNA was extracted with Trizol reagent for RT-PCR.
Electromicroscopy Assay
The eyes reserved for electromicroscopy assay was kept in 2.5% glutaraldehyde overnight at 4°C. Then a portion of cornea and lens were removed and the remaining eye cups containing the retinas were placed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde overnight at 4°C. The samples were postfixed in 2% osmium solution for 20 min, then dehydrated and embedded in epon, and polymerased at 60°C. Thin sections (50 nm thick) stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were examined using a electron microscope (JEM-100CXII, Japan).
Electroretinogram (ERG)
Rats were dark adapted overnight and anesthetized with an i.p. injection of 50 mg/kg chloral hydrate and prepared for the recordings under dim red light. Pupils were dilated with topical 1% tropicamide. A gold wire loop record electrode was placed on the surface of the cornea anesthetized with 1% tetracaine. A drop of 1% methylcellulose was used to assure good contact between the cornea and the electrode. A reference electrode was placed under the lip and the ground electrode on the ear. A photic stimulator (VISION TECH CO., LTD CLASS 1 TYPE B) provided white flashes of 3.4 cd-s/m2 against a dark background. The inter-stimulus interval was set at 10 s to control the adaptive effect. The bandwidths of signal extraction were set from 0.3 to 300 Hz.
ERGs were monitored by electrophysiological recorder at 5 days after MNU injection in each group. ERG wavelets were recorded for three or four times, and the average amplitudes of a- and b-waves were calculated. The amplitude of the a-wave was measured as the distance from the baseline to the bottom of the a-wave, while the amplitude of the b-wave was measured as the distance from the bottom of the a-wave to the peak of the b-wave.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase -3
Retinal cells were used for Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 detection. The first appropriate antibody (1:100) was added for 60 min at room temperature. The cells were then washed twice with PBS, treated with the anti-mouse or anti-rabbit Cy3 conjugated antibody (1:200) and incubated in darkness. Samples were allowed to incubate in the dark for 30 min at room temperature, then, washed and filtered through a 200 mesh filter before being resuspended in 500 ul of PBS, ready to be analyzed by flow cytometry.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
The mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) value was determined using rhodamine 123, a membrane-permeable cationic fluorescent dye. [12] Retinal cells were stained with 5 uM rhodamine 123 in PBS at 37°C for 1 h. After washing with PBS, cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
Rat eyes were enucleated and the retinas dissected. Total RNA was extracted from the neural retinas using reagent Trizol according to manufacturer's instructions. [13] RNA was quantitated by measuring the Optical Density (OD) 260 and reverse transcribed into a single stranded cDNA with the RevertAid H Minus First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit, K1632 (Fermentas AB, Vilnius, Lithuania). cDNA was amplified for 25 cycles so that the PCR product remained in the linear range. PCR was performed with gene-specific primers for β-actin, PDE, and Caspase-3 gene [Table 1]. β-actin was used as an internal control to confirm mRNA integrity. The identity of all PCR products was confirmed by comparison with the correct size based on the known length of the DNA sequence on 1% agarose gel stained by ethidium bromide. The optical density of the bands was analyzed on the GeneSnap system.
Table 1: Primer sequences for mRNAs amplified by RT-PCR
Values are expressed as mean ± standard error. Normal distribution of all data was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. One-way ANOVA was used followed by Fisher's least-significant difference (LSD) for the homogeneity testing of variance (Levene's test), and the data were analyzed by Dunnett's T3 for the heteroschedasticity of variance test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical procedures were performed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 13.0 software for Windows (SPSS Inc., USA).
Morphological Observation of NMD On MNU-Treated Rats
At the ultrastructural level [Figure 1], electron microscopy showed that morphology of photoreceptor outer segments was normal in the NC group [Figure 1]a, whereas vacuoles and irregularity of disc membranes are more numerously seen in the MNU group [Figure 1]b. Electron microscopic analysis disclosed that discs of photoreceptor outer segments were apparently less deteriorated in the NMD group [Figure 1]c than in the MNU group. Five days after MNU injection, 2 mg/kg NMD partially protected against MNU-induced photoreceptor cell damage at the ultrastructural level. These observations suggest that NMD has a beneficial effect on MNU-induced retinal degeneration.
Figure 1: Effects of NMD on photoreceptor outer segments after MNU treatment at the ultrastructural level in rats. (a) NC group (× 5000), the normal photoreceptor outer segment. (b) MNU group (× 6000), the apparent vacuoles and irregularity of disc membrane (c) NMD group (× 6000), the less deterioration of photoreceptor outer segment
The Effect of NMD on Retinal Function Detected By ERG
ERG recordings provided a- and b-wave amplitudes representing the effect of NMD on the retinal damage induced by MNU. In the MNU group, both a- and b-wave amplitudes were significantly decreased compared with the NC group. In NMD -treated rats, both a-and b-wave amplitudes were significantly elevated compared with the MNU group [Figure 2]a-c, but wave amplitudes were still lower than the NC group. In brief, NMD-treated eyes exhibited more moderate loss in both a- and b-wave amplitudes compared with MNU group. In a word, NMD showed the protective effect on retinal function detected by ERG.
Figure 2: Effects of NMD on MNU-induced retinal ERG. (A) Representative ERG recording from an eye of (a) NC group, (b) MNU group and (c) NMD group. (B) a-wave amplitudes of NC group, MNU group and NMD groups. (C) b-wave amplitudes of NC group, MNU group and NMD groups. In rats received NMD treatment, both amplitudes significantly increased more than those of rats in the MNU group. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 6), ***P < 0.001 versus NC group, ***P < 0.001 versus MNU group
The Effect of NMD on Protein Expressions of Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 in Rat Retina Induced by MNU
It was measured that NMD affected on the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 in rat retina induced by MNU with flow cytometry. Representative results of Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 in retina at 5 d in every group are presented in [Figure 3]. The expression of Bax and Caspase-3 were up-regulated, while Bcl-2 down-regulated in MNU group compared to NC group. Treatment with NMD decreased the expression of Bax and Caspase-3, and increased the expression of Bcl-2 in MNU-induced retinal cells.
Figure 3: Flow cytometric analysis of NMD on the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 in rat retinal cells. Representative cytometric profile of Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 in retinal cells are presented in NC group, MNU group and NMD group the percentage of bax was successively 3.12%, 10.21%, and 1.70%, the percentage of Caspase-3 was successively 4.43%, 6.19%, and 0.30%, the percentage of bcl-2 was successively 4.52%, 4.08%, and 10.64% in NC group, MNU group and NMD group
The Effect of NMD on ΔΨm of Retinal Mitochondria Induced by MNU
To elucidate the protective effect of NMD to the mitochondria, we monitored the changes in MMP in retina cells by measuring the fluorescence intensity of Rhodamine 123 with flow cytometry. As shown in [Figure 4], control (NC) retinal cells incorporated and retained the dye, exhibiting higher fluorescence intensity, and MNU exposure resulted in a marked decrease in fluorescence intensity as compared with control group. Treatment with NMD (2 mg/kg) restored the fluorescence intensity.
Figure 4: Effects of NMD on MNU-induced ΔΨm of retinal mitochondria. ΔΨm of retinal mitochondria was calculated according to the measured values of flow cytometry. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 6), ##P < 0.01 versus NC, **P < 0.01 versus MNU
The Effect of NMD on the Retinal Cells of Caspase-3 and PDE Induced by MNU
We investigated whether NMD could modulate retinal cell survival after MNU injection by analyzing the transcription changes of related genes Caspase-3 and PDE with NMD treatment. Representative RT-PCR results for Caspase-3 and PDE mRNA expression are shown in [Figure 5]a, and quantitative data are summarized in [Figure 5]b-c. Caspase-3 significantly upregulated at 5 d after MNU injection compared with NC group. In the NMD group, Caspase-3 mRNA expression was significantly lower than in the MNU group at 5 d (P < 0.01). In the MNU group, PDE mRNA levels decreased at 5 d after MNU injection, the values were significantly lower than in the NC group (P < 0.01). Likewise, the expression of PDE mRNA was found, and the values were significantly higher in the NMD group than in the MNU group (P < 0.01).
Figure 5: Effects of NMD on MNU-induced mRNA expression of Caspase-3 and PDE in rat retinal measured by RT-PCR. (A) DNA strips show expression levels of Caspase-3 and PDE on agarose gel electrophoresis. (B) Effects of NMD on MNU-induced mRNA expression of Caspase-3 in rat retinal. (C) Effects of NMD on MNU-induced mRNA expression of PDE in rat retinal. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 6), ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 versus NC, **P < 0.01 versus MNU
NMD, an L-type calcium channel antagonist, has been mainly used in treatment of cardiovascular related diseases, including angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, and hypertension. Recently, NMD has been found to be beneficial in many central nervous system (CNS) disorders, The clinical studies demonstrated a favorable effect of NMD on the severity of neurological deficits caused by cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage. [14],[15] NMD-was chosen after a range of Ca 2+ entry blockers (NMD, nifedipine, verapamil, and ditiazem) were screened for vasodilatory activity in the pig retinal arteriole, the result showed that NMD was the most potent. [16] Takayuki conformed that total calcium increased in retinas after MNU treatment. [17] In the present study, systemic administration of NMD morphologically and functionally demonstrated a beneficial effect on retinal degeneration caused by MNU rat. For the above reasons, we speculated that regulation of intracellular Ca 2+ concentration by NMD and vasodilator effect in retinal arterioles might be involved in the preservation of retinal function in different ways.
Similar to the human RP, MNU-induced retinopathy can be diagnosed by the changes in the ERG. [18] In our study, the quantified visual ability of the animal detected by ERG represents the summed responses of various retinal neurons. [19] In the dark-adapted flash ERG, the a-wave primarily represents the mixed function of cones and rods, while b-wave mainly reflects light-induced depolarization of ON-bipolar cells but may be shaped by the activity of other cells, including the responses of Müller cells. [20],[21] Our studies found that daily administration of 2.0 mg/kg NMD had significantly the protective effect compared with untreated controls. These results are in agreement with the previous report that NMD exert a slight beneficial effect on the recovery of the amplitude of the b-wave during reperfusion. [22]
MNU-induced retinal damage is due to selective 7-methyldeoxyguanosine DNA adduct formation in photoreceptor cell nuclei followed by photoreceptor cell death via an apoptotic mechanism 6, the apoptosis cascade involves up-regulation of Bax protein, down-modulation of Bcl-2 protein, and activation of Caspase-3, -6, and -8. [23] Proteins of the Bcl-2 family, as an anti-apoptotic protein, induce and integrate signals of survival and death, correlated with apoptosis in photoreceptor cells. In contrast, the increased expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax mediates enhancement of apoptosis. Likewise, inhibition of Caspase-3 can suppress MNU-induced retinal apoptosis. [3] Our present study provides the evidences that NMD down-regulated the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 and up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 in MNU-induced retinal degeneration rats. These facts lead us to postulate that NMD may block MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3.
In the present study, MNU was used to induce a selective and progressive photoreceptor degeneration, the degeneration is different from genetic animal models and human disease in the etiopathogenesis, but they all lead to apoptosis-mediated cell death. It has been reported that there are significant changes of gene expression in the early stage of MNU-induced retinal degeneration. [24] Some studies found that retinal degeneration in rd mouse is caused by a defect in the β-subunit of rod cGMP-phosphodiesterase. Following this, the identical mutation is also recognized in patients with autosomal recessive RP. In our present studies, RT-PCR analyses revealed that Caspase-3 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the NMD group than in the MNU group, while PDE mRNA levels increased at 5 d after NMD injection, these results suggest that NMD treatment may modulate protein expression of pro-apoptotic gene Caspase-3 and PDE to inhibit MNU-induced apoptosis.
In conclusion, our studies indicate the possibly protective effect of NMD on MNU-induced retinal cell damage. Although further studies are required to clarify the direct protective mechanism of NMD such as up-regulation of bcl-2 and suppression of Bax and Caspase-3, the administration of NMD appear to be importantly involved in the NMD-dependent protection against MNU-induced retinal photoreceptor apoptosis in vivo.
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[Table 1]
1 Phytochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory potential of Egyptian Murcott mandarin cultivar waste (stem, leaves and peel)
Dalia I. Hamdan, Riham A. El-Shiekh, May A. El-Sayed, Heba M. A. Khalil, Mohamed R. Mousa, Amal A. Al-Gendy, Assem M. El-Shazly
Food & Function. 2020; 11(9): 8214
2 UVB induces apoptosis via downregulation of CALML3-dependent JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 pathways in cataract
Yin Jia, Qin Qin, Chao-Ping Fang, Wei Shen, Ting-Ting Sun, Yuan-Lan Huang, Wen-Jie Li, An-Mei Deng
International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2018;
3 Medicinal importance of gallic acid and its ester derivatives: a patent review
Sneha Choubey, Lesley Rachel Varughese, Vinod Kumar, Vikas Beniwal
Pharmaceutical Patent Analyst. 2015; 4(4): 305


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Home > United States > TEDxSugarLand Features Inspiring Stories
Ruhee Momin | 30 December 2018 | United States
TEDxSugarLand Features Inspiring Stories
Maya Tharoo, a 14 year old philanthropist from Orlando, Florida, spoke to the audience about the impact today's youth have on society. Zain Ali
Speakers of TEDx SugarLand 2018: (First row, from left): Zoe Lalji, Larayne Glidewell, Maya Tharoo, and Alexa Johnson: (Second row, from left) Jeff McManus, Kevin Doffing, Aijaz (AJ) Rizvi, Frank Shamrock, Jesse Stewart, Christopher Kai, Leslie Marchand, and Sebastien Boileau. Zain Ali
Leslie Marchand speaking to the attendees about Disruption as a Gateway to Growth. Zain Ali
Kevin Doffing delivering his talk on How to Build a Community at TEDx SugarLand 2018. Zain Ali
The audio visual team working backstage to manage the live stream of the event. Ejaz Karmali
TEDxSugarLand Videos
The TEDxSugarLand event helps spread big ideas and elevate inspired citizenship in the Houston area. For the third year, the Ismaili Jamatkhana and Center hosted this event in October, on the theme, "Local Ideas, Global Influence."
Speakers with diverse backgrounds were invited to share their stories on how their ideas and passions have made a global impact. Whether it was a former graffiti artist turned world-renowned muralist, or a teenager finding the silver lining of navigating ALS in her home, or even a former MMA cage-fighter speaking about how to confront fear, speakers of all ages and backgrounds divulged how their experiences and ideas can have a positive impact on others. With over 200 individuals watching via live stream, the speakers demonstrated how the very technology that seemingly rules our private worlds provided them a platform to share their stories across continents.
Leslie Marchand, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Registered Yoga Teacher and Certified Life Coach, was thrilled to share her story for the first time on this platform. She provides coaching and support on wellness for caregivers, who have to meet the demands of daily life along with providing support to a loved one, leaving very little time for self-care.
Leslie noted, "Events like this, the advent of the internet and being able to provide inspiration and education through these types of venues really makes a difference for people like caregivers."
Others, such as Kevin Doffing, CEO of Lonestar Veterans Association, used TEDx to further support the goals of building communities of people with shared backgrounds and interests across state lines. After serving in the army, Kevin was looking to join the business world and was searching for a veteran group that shared similar interests and could support him in his endeavor. Despite the hundreds of organizations operating in Texas, he still found a lack of community and encouragement within these organizations, which led him to create the Lonestar Veterans Association.
"The TED and TEDx brands add significance and validation," said Kevin, and added, "I'm excited to have this opportunity and to share something significant and easily understood that we can handout - not physically, but communicatively and ideologically, that this is how you build community, and this is why it matters."
TEDx also served as a reminder that while 'millennials' and 'Gen X' are glued to their devices, they can have a significant impact on the world with a few clicks of a button.
Fourteen-year-old Maya Tharoo flew all the way from Orlando to share what youth philanthropy is and why it matters in today's society. Maya's first few months of life were spent in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Arnold Palmer Hospital in Florida, but she's grown into a role model for even the adults in any room she's in. At the age of nine, she founded Miracle Makers Foundation, whose goal is to support premature babies and their families globally.
When asked about how she felt about making such an impact and being able to share on a platform like TEDx, Maya stated, "I was so young when I started volunteering, so I don't really think I knew the impact it was going to make, but I'm just really glad that I got to where I am today."
While the speakers may have been the focal point of the event, the venue did not go unnoticed and several guests participated in touring the Ismaili Jamatkhana and Center. President of the Southwest Council for the United States, Murad Ajani, shared that the Ismaili Jamatkhana and Center was built with the vision of being a place for cultural awareness and the exchange of knowledge. "We are proud of the role and potential that this Center has in advancing the pursuit of learning and building trust across all communities that call Texas home," said President Ajani.
Learn more about TEDxSugarLand and view the videos from the 2018 event here.
Shirin Malik | 4 June 2019 | United States
Ismaili Jamatkhana and Center hosts the Sugar Land City Council Candidates Forum
Areebah Ajani, with contribution from Aresha Davwa | 1 May 2019 | United States
Students at the State Capitol
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Review: "An Inconvenient Truth" is a wake up call for Americans with cavalier environmental attitudes
by Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
Editor of NaturalNews.com (See all articles...)
Tags: population correction, global warming, environmental protection
USA Today becomes the latest American news outlet to promote pedophilia - NaturalNews.com
https://www.naturalnews.com/020377_population_correction_global_warming.html
If you haven't seen "An Inconvenient Truth" yet, you owe it to yourself to go watch this film. It's a true masterpiece of presentation that manages to tell the truth about carbon dioxide emissions and climate change without sounding alarmist. The movie is, of course, the brainchild of Al Gore, a person I never really respected much when he was a politician. But as a person who is willing to put everything on the line and is asking Americans to wake up to the reality of what's happening in the world around them, Al Gore has earned my renewed respect. He has reinvented himself and he's now squarely positioned as a thought leader outside the realm of politics. In fact, this single effort of his could be far more influential than all the efforts to censor science and deny global warming that are being fronted by the current administration.
I also admire Al Gore's presentation in "An Inconvenient Truth." It spells out what's happening with an array of animated illustrations that make a very convincing and scientifically sound argument about the imminent threat of global warming. Through our cars, factories, farming, transportation and other industrialized activities, we are emitting record levels of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere -- levels that have never been seen in the history of our planet. If this trend is not immediately reversed, devastating results are inevitable.
As Al Gore explains in the movie, receding glaciers and the melting of ice caps on the planet will lead not only to rising ocean levels around the world -- threatening literally hundreds of millions of people who live in cities close to sea level -- but also altering ocean currents and causing weather patterns that will result in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of humans and animals. This is all spelled out in great detail with the aid of overwhelming scientific evidence.
The argument on global warming is over
The science on this issue is beyond debate. The only debate is in the arena of politics and spin. There have been no legitimate scientific assaults on "An Inconvenient Truth," there has only been political denial by pro-business miscreants who would willingly trash the planet in exchange for a 10 percent boost in next quarter's profits.
In the film, Al Gore addresses and refutes many of the myths and counterarguments about global warning, such as the ridiculous idea that we have to "balance the earth with the economy" -- a misleading phrase used by pollution apologists who narrow-mindedly claim the only way to grow the economy is to destroy the planet in the process.
There's a bit of humor in the film, a whole lot of insight, and regrettably, more than a few slow moments that delve into Al Gore's personal history. Although these moments provide some interesting insight into the motivations of Al Gore as an individual, they didn't lend much to the primary purpose of the film, in my opinion.
Gore reinvents himself
I'm skeptical of the intentions of most people in power, including politicians. The vast majority of people in power simply use it in order to accumulate wealth or other personal benefits. There's no doubt Al Gore has accumulated his share of wealth, but with this film, he has made a choice to spend a significant amount of time and energy doing something constructive, something that's raising the alarm and helping us all become aware of an enormous, shared challenge that we must act now to overcome.
He did not have to do that. It could even be argued that there were many reasons why it was against his interest to do so, yet he chose to pursue this activity, and I applaud him for that. If only other leaders -- both inside and outside the political arena -- would have the courage to stand up and do what's right, we might not have so many of the problems that are facing our world today.
Lastly, I admire Al Gore's communication ability. As a communicator myself, I'm more than a bit impressed to see someone who has mastered the art so successfully. Of course he's had a lot of practice, not only in politics but also in giving this particular speech over a thousand times. You would hope that anyone giving a speech a thousand times would be very good at delivering it, and he is. I'm also glad to see a former professional politician doing something that's actually useful for humanity rather than sitting around in Washington pretending to represent the will of the people (the favorite pastime of professional politicians, it seems).
I strongly recommend that you see "An Inconvenient Truth." It is a wake-up call to America -- one that would be ignored at our own peril. If we fail to recognize what we are doing to our planet, then we will suffer dire consequences that will inevitably include a massive population correction.
Make no mistake about it: The earth doesn't need humans in order to survive, but humans absolutely need the earth in order to survive. If we, through our actions, unleash unprecedented climate change, then we're going to suffer the results. It isn't nature's revenge and it isn't punishment -- it's just cause and effect.
Overall, in "An Inconvenient Truth," Al Gore paints a grim but highly educational picture of the ecological challenges facing humanity from today forward. It is a movie not to be ignored or trivialized.
Population correction at FETCH.news
About the author:Mike Adams (aka the "Health Ranger") is a best selling author (#1 best selling science book on Amazon.com) and a globally recognized scientific researcher in clean foods. He serves as the founding editor of NaturalNews.com and the lab science director of an internationally accredited (ISO 17025) analytical laboratory known as CWC Labs. There, he was awarded a Certificate of Excellence for achieving extremely high accuracy in the analysis of toxic elements in unknown water samples using ICP-MS instrumentation. Adams is also highly proficient in running liquid chromatography, ion chromatography and mass spectrometry time-of-flight analytical instrumentation.
Adams is a person of color whose ancestors include Africans and Native American Indians. He's also of Native American heritage, which he credits as inspiring his "Health Ranger" passion for protecting life and nature against the destruction caused by chemicals, heavy metals and other forms of pollution.
Adams is the founder and publisher of the open source science journal Natural Science Journal, the author of numerous peer-reviewed science papers published by the journal, and the author of the world's first book that published ICP-MS heavy metals analysis results for foods, dietary supplements, pet food, spices and fast food. The book is entitled Food Forensics and is published by BenBella Books.
In his laboratory research, Adams has made numerous food safety breakthroughs such as revealing rice protein products imported from Asia to be contaminated with toxic heavy metals like lead, cadmium and tungsten. Adams was the first food science researcher to document high levels of tungsten in superfoods. He also discovered over 11 ppm lead in imported mangosteen powder, and led an industry-wide voluntary agreement to limit heavy metals in rice protein products.
In addition to his lab work, Adams is also the (non-paid) executive director of the non-profit Consumer Wellness Center (CWC), an organization that redirects 100% of its donations receipts to grant programs that teach children and women how to grow their own food or vastly improve their nutrition. Through the non-profit CWC, Adams also launched Nutrition Rescue, a program that donates essential vitamins to people in need. Click here to see some of the CWC success stories.
With a background in science and software technology, Adams is the original founder of the email newsletter technology company known as Arial Software. Using his technical experience combined with his love for natural health, Adams developed and deployed the content management system currently driving NaturalNews.com. He also engineered the high-level statistical algorithms that power SCIENCE.naturalnews.com, a massive research resource featuring over 10 million scientific studies.
Adams is well known for his incredibly popular consumer activism video blowing the lid on fake blueberries used throughout the food supply. He has also exposed "strange fibers" found in Chicken McNuggets, fake academic credentials of so-called health "gurus," dangerous "detox" products imported as battery acid and sold for oral consumption, fake acai berry scams, the California raw milk raids, the vaccine research fraud revealed by industry whistleblowers and many other topics.
Adams has also helped defend the rights of home gardeners and protect the medical freedom rights of parents. Adams is widely recognized to have made a remarkable global impact on issues like GMOs, vaccines, nutrition therapies, human consciousness.
In addition to his activism, Adams is an accomplished musician who has released over a dozen popular songs covering a variety of activism topics.
Click here to read a more detailed bio on Mike Adams, the Health Ranger, at HealthRanger.com.


Stylized design and stylish wording highlight the New Year here, in bold, jazzy blues. A sharply dressed man and woman don party hats and blow party favors, as they ring and dance in the New Year in-style in the big city. Timeless wording accompanies the fun, fresco-like, retro artistry.


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Абдул Разак (; 11 ноября 1992, Буаке, Кот-д'Ивуар) — ивуарийский футболист, полузащитник клуба «Эргрюте». Выступал в сборной Кот-д'Ивуара.

Личная жизнь
Абдул Разак родился в 1992 году в Кот-д'Ивуаре. Воспитанник футбольного клуба «Мимоза» (Кот-д'Ивуар).

Клубная карьера
Разак присоединился к молодёжной команде «Манчестер Сити» в 2010 году, после ухода из «Кристал Пэлас» в 2008. После дебюта за молодёжку его поджидал сюрприз: выход вместо Давида Сильвы в матче против «Вест Бромвич Альбион». Вскоре после этого он получил первый вызов в сборную Кот-д'Ивуара. Через три дня в матче за молодёжную команду «Манчестер Сити» Разаку была показана прямая красная карточка.

Свой второй матч за «Манчестер Сити» Разак провёл против «Уиган Атлетик», выйдя на замену вместо Яя Туре на 80-й минуте. Первый матч в основе Абдул провёл 21 сентября 2011 года в рамках третьего раунда Кубка Английской лиги против «Бирмингем Сити». Он сыграл 86 минут, прежде чем был заменён Лукой Скапуцци. Матч четвёртого раунда этого соревнования ивуариец также начал в стартовом составе. На 85-й минуте его заменил Джеймс Милнер.

28 октября 2011 года Разак был отдан в аренду «Портсмуту», сроком на один месяц. Он дебютировал в клубе на следующий день, в матче против «Дерби Каунти», проигранном со счётом 3:1. Проведя за месяц три матча, Абдул вернулся в «Манчестер Сити».

17 февраля 2012 года Абдул Разак и Гай Ассулин отправились в аренду в клуб Первой лиги «Брайтон энд Хоув Альбион». 22 февраля Разак дебютировал за «Брайтон» в матче с «Халл Сити». На 77-й минуте его заменил Ассулин. Когда Гари Дикер, основной полузащитник «Брайтона», оправился от травмы, руководство клуба сочло, что игровое время Разака будет крайне ограничено, поэтому ивуариец решил вернуться в стан «горожан».

В сентябре 2012 года «Чарльтон» подписал Абдула Разака на правах трёхмесячной аренды. Однако уже в конце октября «Манчестер Сити» отозвал футболиста из аренды. За два месяца Разак провёл всего 2 матча в составе «Чарльтона», выступающего в Чемпионшипе.

Перед самым закрытием трансферного окна летом 2013 года махачкалинский «Анжи» усилил свой состав Абдулом Разаком. 17 октября 2013 года был подписан полноценный контракт, детали которого неизвестны.

28 января 2014 года главный тренер команды Гаджи Гаджиев объявил, что Аделейе, Демидов и Разак выставлены на трансфер.

30 января 2014 года «молотобойцы» усилили свой состав ивуарийским полузащитником. Однако не проведя ни один матч за новый клуб и не попав ни один раз в заявку Разак покинул клуб. В середине августа 2014 года вместе с бывшим одноклубником о «Анжи» Айоделе Аделейем перебрался в греческий клуб ОФИ из Ираклиона.

В феврале 2016 года Абдул Разак вместе с сомалийцем Исламом Ферузом прибыл на просмотр в казахстанский клуб «Актобе». Но, проведя одну тренировку, игроки внезапно покинули гостиницу, где жила команда. Это вызвало массу саркастических откликов местных пользователей интернета.

Достижения
 «Манчестер Сити»
 Чемпион Англии (1): 2012
 Обладатель Кубка Англии (1): 2010/2011

Примечания

Ссылки

Футболисты Кот-д'Ивуара
Игроки сборной Кот-д'Ивуара по футболу
Игроки ФК «Манчестер Сити»
Игроки ФК «Портсмут»
Игроки ФК «Брайтон энд Хоув Альбион»
Игроки ФК «Чарльтон Атлетик»
Игроки ФК «Анжи»
Игроки ФК ОФИ
Игроки ФК «Донкастер Роверс»
Игроки ФК «АФК Эскильстуна»
Игроки ФК «Гётеборг»
Игроки ФК «Сириус»
Игроки ФК «Эргрюте»

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


CelebritiesBuzz is an online news website dedicated to the optimal delivery of Ghanaian news and Entertainment reports.
Launched in 2017, this website has distinguished itself in the Ghanaian entertainment Niche.
CelebritiesBuzz publishes general news i.e press releases, crime reports, reports on high-profile court cases, public affairs reports, offbeat/weird news and Entertainment i.e Celebrity gossip and Comedy.
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text:
Technically, Vizag will be Andhra Pradesh's new capital
By T S Sudhir on December 20, 2019 • ( Leave a comment )
So it is apparent Jaganmohan Reddy did not want GN Rao, the head of the committee that looked into whether Amaravati should continue as a capital, to steal the thunder. Which is why the chief minister of Andhra Pradesh in the dying minutes of the winter session of the Assembly, lit up the House with his revelation about the three capitals – Visakhapatnam, Amaravati and Kurnool.
Rao, who had served as District collector of Guntur, claimed the committee travelled over 10000 km, interacted with many stakeholders including farmers, to conclude that Visakhapatnam will be best suited to be the administrative capital of Andhra Pradesh. Amaravati that was to be Chandrababu Naidu's dream capital, will be reduced to housing just the Assembly. Kurnool will be seat of the Andhra Pradesh High court.
But the three capitals is a misnomer, an attempt at making it appear as if all regional aspirations are being catered to. Technically, the capital is being shifted to Vizag because with the CM operating out of the Port city, it will be the real seat of power. Because though Amaravati is touted as the Legislative capital, the Rao committee has suggested that one of the three assembly sessions be held in Vizag. Again though the High court will be in Kurnool, in order to make it easier for people in north coastal and coastal regions, it is proposed that Vizag and Amaravati also have a bench each.
What does this entire proposal convey?
1. Jagan has killed Naidu's Amaravati dream for good. By shooting off GN Rao's shoulder, Jagan has sought to convey the impression that unlike Naidu who junked the Sivaramakrishnan committee report that had rejected Amaravati for environmental reasons, he listens to wiser counsel.
2. To anyone who has seen the fertile Krishna delta of Amaravati and felt aggrieved at Naidu's decision to convert the multi-crop land into a concrete jungle, this is correcting a wrong. Vizag, being the biggest city in post-bifurcation Andhra Pradesh ought to have been the logical choice for a capital city. What Naidu did was a waste of time, obsessed with his desire to build a capital city and go into history books. Instead, Amaravati as People's Capital is now history.
3. It also makes it difficult for Naidu to oppose this proposal politically. That is because Naidu as chief minister had rejected the request from Kurnool to house the High court. Jagan in contrast, comes across as a leader who respects people's wishes. Similarly, north coastal Andhra – a region as neglected as Rayalaseema – will exult at Vizag becoming the new capital. If Naidu continues to obsess over Amaravati being downgraded, he will only be making another political mistake and lose support further. That is because Jagan has camouflaged this three capital plan as a way to decentralise administration.
4. The committee has recommended return of the land in 29 villages which was taken by the Capital Region Development Authority (CRDA) as part of an elaborate land pooling exercise. The farmers had given their land in hope of striking the proverbial pot of gold in a few years time. That dream has now gone sour with the committee arguing that setting up the capital in a flood prone area is not a good idea. The clock has been turned back on Amaravati region.
The only doubt is given the acrimony and bitterness Jagan and Naidu have for each other, what happens in case the TDP returns to power in 2024. Will the capital cities play musical chairs once again?
Categories: amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, visakhapatnam
Tagged as: amaravati, chandrababu naidu on amaravati, filter kaapi, filter kaapi live, gn rao committee on amaravati, jaganmohan reddy on three capitals, t s sudhir, three capitals for Andhra pradesh, visakhapatnam
Karnataka minister delivers a chilling warning over CAA protests
Divide in Mega family over Andhra's three capitals


Excellent App!!! Thank you for providing this at no cost.
Please add the ability to sort alphabetically.
Also being able to select at least two sort criteria would be great. When two sort criteria are selected, the list sorts by the first selected than within by the second. e.g. Sort PRICE, ALPHA would list items in order by price and storted alphabetically within each price.


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CHRISTMAS 2014: SHINE
On December 23, 2014 April 28, 2015 By dccowan72In UncategorizedLeave a comment
Our theme this Christmas was "Shine." Our creative team was inspired by John 1:5 – "The light shines in the darkness, but the darkness has not understood it."
Pre-Service / Countdown:
For our pre-service this year, we did something a bit different. Usually we pre-record a 10 minute countdown that has various informational elements interspersed with humor from a couple of our staff members. This year, our 10 minute countdown had a live element instead. We sent Mark and Nate to do live segments from where we were shooting family photos for Christmas.
Once those segments were finished we played our parody of Taylor Swift's "Shake it Off" called "Shop it Off."
Watch it here: http://youtu.be/Q109kFmIx0w
For our opening, we created a drum element with three drummers: One played from a bass drum we suspended from the ceiling. The second played a bass drum from the stage. The third was on the drum set. While the drummers played, a video was played sharing our theme of light over darkness this year. Following this, we sang O Come Let Us Adore Him, Joy To The World/Hark The Herald, O Holy Night and then had our welcome/greeting moment.
Message Elements:
After the host moment, we transitioned by lowering a scrim during prayer. We did our own live version of Amena Brown's spoken word as seen here: http://www.godtube.com/watch/?v=KGWKDPNX – While the speaker delivered his lines, we projected key words from the script up on the scrim behind him. When he finished, our band played Lauren Daigle's song "Light of the World" while we had a professional aerialist give her best artistic expression as inspired by this song.
See the song and aerialist here:
At the end of the service, we had four vocalists sing Pentatonix's version of "Silent Night" as our guest services team started candle lighting throughout our auditorium.
Never underestimate the power of a song!
We had something happen today in our services that has never happened before… we had a standing ovation happen in nearly every service. What caused this, you might ask. A really great video? No. lol A really sweet creative element? No. It was simply the song "Oh, Holy Night" as sung by Calvin Nowell.
Watch it here: http://youtu.be/0DsGPR_pUBk
Never underestimate the power of a song.


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Q: Pasar dato de Actividad a Clase Compañeros, estoy enviando valores a mi Servicio.class desde la siguiente actividad:

Pero en servicio.class no me toma el getIntent (al ser una clase)

Necesito pasar datos de PimActivity a servicio y luego en servicio enviar datos a un tercerActivity. (Al tercer activity lo envio con putextra. Eso esta resulelto)

A: Si el servicio extiene de Service :
 extends Service {

Los valores que envias a través del Intent
   Intent i = new Intent(this, Servicio.class);
   i.putExtra("cantidadMonedas", stCantMonedas);
   startService(i);

deben ser obtenidos en el Servicio dentro de  onStartCommand()
   public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
           if (intent != null && intent.hasExtra("cantidadMonedas")) {
                String valorObtenido = intent.getStringExtra("cantidadMonedas");
            }

        return Service.START_NOT_STICKY;
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Posts tagged with "Foscarini":
10 great architectural moments of Milan Design Week
With the opening of OMA's Torre for Fondazione Prada, tours of midcentury Villa Borsani, and (a few days late to the Design Week party and thus not included here) the completion of Zaha Hadid Architects' Generali Tower, Milan Design Week 2018 was exceptionally steeped in architecture. There was the usual abundance of collaborations with architects, such as Alejandro Aravena for Artemide, John Pawson for Swarovski, and David Rockwell's The Diner with Cosentino and Design Within Reach, but it was the host of architectural installations and interventions that took it over the top. Here are ten memorable architectural moments of Milan Design Week 2018. Garage Traversi The rationalist 1938 Garage Traversi in Milan's Montenapoleone District received a facade makeover by Studio Job for Milan Design Week. The Pop Art mural comes in advance of the building's renovation into a "luxury hub" by British private equity fund Hayrish. The reinforced concrete building, originally designed by architect Giacomo de Min, sits on an odd lot, leading to it being built like a fan and resulting in its popularity. The iconic building has been unused for 15 years, but has retained its reputation as a cultural and architectural landmark. U-JOINT PlusDesign Gallery hosted an immensely satisfying architectural exhibition on joints. The group show offered joints of all sizes, materials, and shapes to demonstrate its importance in objects and buildings alike. Over 50 designers, studios, and research institutes, including Alvar Aalto, Aldo Bakker, Edward Barber & Jay Osgerby, Konstantin Grcic, Jonathan Nesci, Cecilie Manz, Self-Assembly Lab MIT, and Jonathan Olivares, displayed prototypes and products. My Dream Home by Piero Lissoni "My Dream Home," an installation by Piero Lissoni, stacks twelve shipping containers vertically to host an exhibition by photographers Elisabetta Illy and Stefano Guindani of photos taken in Haiti alongside drawings by Haitian children of their dream homes. Lissoni chose to build with containers as an inexpensive, sustainable option that could potentially be used for multi- and single-family homes in Haiti. Altered States Snarkitecture is no stranger to Milan Design Week installations. For its most recent, the firm partnered with Caesarstone to create "Altered States" inside the 19th-century Palazzo dell'Ufficio Elettorale di Porta Romana. The installation examined water in its three forms (ice, liquid, steam/vapor) and the way it appears in nature (glacier, river, geyser) through a collection of kitchen islands made from Caesarstone's quartz surface material. Villa Borsani In advance of an exhibition curated by Norman Foster and Osvaldo Borsani's grandson, the Villa Borsani opened to visitors after being newly decorated by curator Ambra Medda, who collaborated with various artists to bring in floral arrangements, scents, and a playlist that enliven the midcentury villa. James Wines X Foscarini James Wines/SITE collaborated with Foscarini to make the "Reverse Room," a slanting black box that houses a limited edition set of lights called "The Lightbulb Series." Wines relied on his research on subconscious spatial expectations to keep visitors constantly surprised. "This series comes from the idea of disrupting the classic design of incandescent light bulbs," Wines said in a statement. "An idea that suggests a critical reflection on the absolutely non-iconic forms of modern LED lamps. The concept, implemented by Foscarini, stems from research on the spontaneous way people identify with forms and functions of everyday objects. In this case, the light bulbs merge crack, shatter, and burn out, overturning any expectations." Fondazione Prada On April 18, the Fondazione Prada completed the latest, and last, building in its 200,000-square-foot Milan complex. Torre, designed by Rem Koolhaas, Chris van Duijn, and Federico Pompignoli of OMA, is wrapped in white concrete and nearly 197 feet tall. This form offers a two-fold experience: From the exterior, the spare, modern block contrasts with the more ornate buildings of the campus (the Italianate-style entry building, gold-painted tower, and the mirror-clad theater, among others) and from the interior, sweeping views of the surrounding industrial neighborhood. At the back of the building, an exterior elevator core is intersected by a diagonal form that connects the Torre to the adjacent Deposito gallery. The elevator's interior is painted an electrifying hot pink, framing the panorama of the campus in madcap fashion. The gallery's floors, currently occupied by the exhibition Atlas, are similarly eclectic. Floor plans alternate between trapezoidal and rectangular and the ceiling heights increase from about 9 feet on the first floor to 26 feet on the top floor, with glowing pink staircases in between. Even so, the space complements rather than competes with massive, immersive installations from heavy-hitting artists such as Damien Hirst and Jeff Koons. (Although the maze-like entrance to Carsten Höller's Upside Down Mushroom is so dark, this writer ran into a wall.) 3D Housing 05 Massimiliano Locatelli | CLS Architetti collaborated with Arup, Italcementi, and Cybe to 3-D print a 1,076-square-foot house on-site. The house, located in front of the Piazza Cesare Beccaria, demonstrated that 3-D printing could be used as a sustainable and feasible construction method. The house was 3-D printed from a recycled concrete that, in the event the house is destroyed, could be reused to make a new structure. Lexus Design Award This year marked two firsts for the 2018 Lexus Design Award (LDA) Grand Prix Winner: It was the first time an American design team took home the prize, and the first time a workshop, rather than a product, won. New York design research studio, Extrapolation Factory, "studies the future" and helps communities create and experience their cities' futures through workshops and activities. "We all have a vested interest in the future. But how many people have taken a class in futures?" asked Extrapolation Factory cofounder Elliott P. Montgomery. "We've had classes in history, math, science, but we are never taught how to think about the future. And this seems like a glaring omission in our country's education." Montgomery and his cofounder Christopher Woebken conducted a workshop at the Queens Museum and presented a video alongside a few props as their LDA presentation. The unusual urban planning project garnered praise for its focus on community and its exploration of society, technology, and environment. "It's completely different than the other participants because it isn't product-based. It is about education and using design as a way to engage with people, and given the context of the theme, CO-, we felt that was incredibly important," said Simone Farresin of Formafantasma, who mentored the Extrapolation Factory for the LDA. MINI Living House London-based architecture firm Studiomama created four modular co-living spaces for MINI. Each module had its own color and built-in furniture "totems" that distinguish the space's personality. The four units share communal spaces, including a kitchen (shown above), a dining area, a gym, and home theater space.
Specsheet > Ephemeral Outdoor Lighting
Outdoor lighting not only provides safety—it also changes the overall look of a space. These open-air fixtures create an atmospheric mise-en-scène. Solar Foscarini Designed by Jean-Marie Massaud for Foscarini, this outdoor light (pictured above) also acts as a surface to place drinks on or gather around. Made with a unique blend of durable polyethylene and porcelain stoneware, the base is fully illuminated, while the stoneware top shields light from below. Halley Vibia A radiating arch of light is illuminated by a slim array of LEDs nested in a frosted lens. The resulting effect is an elegantly diffused, chiaroscuro treatment of light and shadow. Halley is made in three variations: floor-to-floor, floor-to-wall, and floor-to-clamp. Bollards Sonneman Working as an interconnected system of lighting along paths or planted beds, these bollards create a balance of solid geometry and LED illumination. Rectilinear columns form single-sided and double-sided LED-illuminated fixtures that come with myriad options for lenses, caps, and heights. Poppy Northern Lighting Inspired by a field of tall poppies, these outdoor oil lamps by Northern Lighting were crafted in a shape that captures the flowers' elegant stems and crowns. Poppy is available as a table lamp, a floor lamp, and a lawn light that attaches to the ground with a pin. Made in powder-coated steel, the series is a part of the Unplugged outdoor lighting collection. Oblique Artemide This outdoor collection is inspired by a plant: Like a growing bean sprout, the oblique light head rest on a vertical stem stretching out of the ground. Artemide offers floor- and wall-mounted versions. Ballad Lamp and Stand Fermob Designed by Tristan Lohner, this portable lantern comes in seven bold colors and can be mounted on a stand to become an outdoor floor lamp. With rechargeable LED technology, the light is solar powered.
Product>Best in Show
We picked the brightest lighting trends debuted around the world from MAISON&OBJET, IMM Cologne, and the Stockholm Furniture & Light Fair.
Spec Sheet brought to you by Nathan Allan Glass Studios
Kurage Foscarini
"Kurage" means jellyfish in Japanese, which is apparent in the design of this paper table lamp by Italian designer Luca Nichetto and Japanese design group Nendo. The shade is handmade by AOYA, the one and only manufacturer of 3-D washi paper in the world.
Multi-Lite Pendant Gubi
Debuted at IMM, the Multi-Lite is a reissued design by Louis Weisdorf that represents the golden age of Danish design. Now it's available in seven color options. What makes the design so special is its ability to create different lighting environments just by changing the direction of the semicircular shade.
Fungo Chandelier Lasvit
Inspired by the way mushrooms grow on wood (as the designers observed on old wooden glass molds in the basement of the Lasvit headquarters), this design is meant to strike a balance between the rigid forms of classic chandeliers and the organic nature of the handblown glass.
Les Cordes Carpenters Workshop
Crafted from glass tubes and LED lights that resemble pieces of rope suspended from the ceiling, the design represents a new perspective on the chandelier. A custom version in this series also hangs in the Decorative Arts Museum, of Marseille, France.
Aria Transparent Slamp
Architect Zaha Hadid-designed Slamp uses 50 transparent surfaces that reflect LED light in a way that mimics natural light on a body of water. The pendant comes in small, medium, and large.
Soleil Noir Luceplan
Designed by architect Odile Decq, this asymmetrical suspension lamp is made of expanded polyurethane with an LED source, hidden inside the disk, that generates indirect, diffused lighting. Hung by just a single cable, the fixture maintains its balance thanks to the body's thickness.
Pris Linear PELLE
this fixture that can be installed as a wall sconce, ceiling flush mount, or suspended from a pipe to create a pendant. Pris (named for the physical characteristics of the fem-bot character in Blade Runner) provides warm diffused LED light.
Product> Furnishings: Milan Revisited in 11 Beautiful Designs
Once again, top-drawer design talents—Ronan and Erwan Bouroullec, Konstantin Grcic, Ingo Maurer, Nendo, and Daniel Libeskind among them—claimed the limelight at the last Salone del Mobile. More than 300,ooo attendees navigated the halls of the Rho exhibition center, while closer to the center of Milan, satellite shows and exhibitions drew crowds to more avant-garde events. Here's a selection of our favorite pieces. Rival Artek While created as a work chair for the home office, this swiveling seat has a distinctive presence. Fabricated of birch, in high- and low-back styles; leather and fabric upholstery. Designed by Konstantin Grcic. Flying Flames Ingo Maurer Repositionable downlights and dimmable LED "candles" are held by magnets to a ceiling-mounted canopy that contains an integrated electronic ballast. Designed by Moritz Waldemeyer and Ingo Maurer and team. SU Collection Emeco These simple stools are offered with seats of reclaimed oak, recycled polyethylene, or an eco-friendly "concrete" material, atop legs of anodized aluminum or wooden legs. Designed by Nendo. 22nd Floor Moroso Folded steel and aluminum comprise an all-in-one seating and table unit. Varying the palette of textiles and surface materials creates a custom design. Designed by Tord Boontje. Carbon Fiber Chair Coalesse Weighing less than five pounds and capable of supporting 300 pounds, this stacking chair takes full advantage of the technical properties of carbon fiber. Designed by Michael Young. Shanty Summer BD Barcelona Design Each of the corrugated door panels fronting this cabinet opens in a different direction. Available in several color schemes. Designed by Doshi Levien. Paul Smith & Maharam Carl Hansen & Son Modern classics including the Wing Chair, the Shell Chair, CH28, and the CH163 sofa all receive the signature striped treatment. Textiles by Paul Smith & Maharam; chair designed by Hans Wegner. Paragon Artemide A body of extruded aluminum in matte black or anodized grey finishes, this blade-like floor fixture uses a dimmable LED lamp. Designed by Daniel Libeskind. N=N05 Casamania Breaking apart the components of a traditional sofa, this chair's seat and backrest float separately, but are linked together by a thin exposed framework. The integral side table is made of ash wood. Designed by Luca Nichetto and Nendo. Big Will Magis This wheeled work or dining table extends to seat eight. The witty wheel-like pair of legs slide for easy expansion. Designed by Philippe Starck. Tuareg Foscarini This tubular fixture's three LED light sources adjust 360 degrees and can be operated independently, allowing it to be used as a reading lamp, wall lamp, or floor lamp. Designed by Ferruccio Laviani.
Product> Furnishings from New York City's ICFF Expo
At ICFF 2014, mature design reclaimed the stage. With other exhibit opportunities for up-and-coming designers—WantedDesign and Sight Unseen Offsite, along with the Industry City venue in Brooklyn—established manufacturers set the tenor of the show this year. Further cementing the show's place near the top of the trade show hierarchy, many of the exhibitors that displayed their wares at Salone del Mobile in Milan a few short weeks ago were also present in New York. Here are six products that stood out to AN among the rows of exhibitors. Blu Dot Swish Desk A split-level sliding top and drawer stretch the storage capacity of this neo-modern, white-ash desk. Legs in white or grey. Marset Ginger Topped by a shallow, cup-like shade of oak or wenge veneer, the fixture uses a LED light source; also available in floor and table models. Designed by Joan Gaspar. Foscarini Spokes Concealed at the top and bottom of the fixture, LED lamps cast light upwards and downwards, casting shadows from the metal, cage-like shade. Designed by Vicente Garcia Jimenez and Cinzia Cumini. Bensen Tokyo Chair With aesthetic lineage extending to Danish and Japanese design, the slightly torqued armrests of this solid wood chair are key to its contemporary presence. In black ash, walnut, white ash, and white oak, with a leather seat. Designed by Niels Bendtsen. Fritz Hansen Analog Table Merging square, circle, and oval into an inviting, unique form, the legs of this table are angled to allow more comfortable seating. In five colors and finishes, it is suitable for home or office use. Designed by Jaime Hayon. Rimadesio Self Up Classic dressers, nightstands, and sideboards are revitalized in lacquered glass and aluminum frames and feet. Available in 62 colors. Designed by Giuseppe Bavuso.
Product> The Comprehensive New York Design Week 2013 Roundup
New York's inaugural design week, held from May 10 through 21, was a comprehensive, two-week celebration of all things design across Manhattan island, as well as parts of Brooklyn. Showcasing the latest from industry stalwarts to emerging and independent designers—local, domestic, and international—AN culled its top picks of New York Design Week products from the ICFF show floor, Wanted Design exhibitions, showroom launches, and all events in between. The Low Collection 13&9 Design The multidisciplinary Austrian design studio debuted at Wanted Design with a collection of furniture, wearable fashion and accessories, a cinematic video, and a music album. With the Low Collection (pictured above), Corian is formed into several seating styles that combine with storage vessels, all at ground level. Suitable for outdoors, furniture heights can be modified to generate a unique landscape. Cartesian Chair Alexander Purcell Rodrigues Named for Descartes's coordinate system, the Cartesian chair is made from aircraft-grade aluminum with an anodized finish for extreme durability. Mathematically generated, subtle texture on the back is realized via parametric design tools. Stool 60 Special Editions Artek Originally designed by Alvar Aalto in 1933, Artek celebrates 80 years of production with special updates by guest designers including Mike Meiré, Tom Dixon, Commes des Garcons, Mads Norgaard, and Nao Tamura. Special Edition by Brooklyn-based designer Tamura features screen-printed tree rings directly onto the seat to unify the lifespan of a tree with the longevity of Stool 60. Regent Street Mirror Avenue Road Debuting its second collection with Avenue Road, Yabu Pushelberg launched seven new pieces with its production partner for 2013. Regent Street is a full length dressing mirror with a functional, glass-topped shelf, supported by a polished nickel frame. Minikitchen Boffi Made from Corian with a solid teak chopping board, Boffi's mobile, outdoor kitchen unit can be repositioned easily on swiveling castors. It also features space for a mini-refrigerator, small cutlery drawers, electrical appliance sockets, and a pull-out worktop. Maharam Shell Chair Project Carl Hansen Carl Hansen has collaborated with Maharam textiles on the Maharam Shell Chair Project to celebrate the 50th anniversary of CH07's design. For this special collection, 20 of Wegner's Shell Chairs will feature a range of re-edition designs from Wiener Werksẗatte and Alexander Girard, as well as collaborations with Hella Jongerius and Paul Smith. Tuareg Foscarini The frame of Ferruccio Laviani's Tuareg floor lamp is marked by three metal tubes that house fully adjustable LED light sources. At 82 inches in height and 50 inches in width, it is available in Orange and Black. Curl Luceplan Industrial designer Sebastian Bergne designed Curl with adjustable white, LED technology which allows users to change the light temperature quickly and easily. And with no established base, the fixture can be set in any position for endless configurations of ambient light. Pleat Box Marset Featured in the "Design: Istanbul–Turkey" showcase at Wanted Design, the Pleat Box lighting pendant is designed by Mashallah Design in collaboration with Barcelona ceramicist Xavier Mañosa. Recycling various enamels produces a white ceramic, brown, black, terracotta or gray exterior and is finished with a glossy white or gold interior. Røros Tweed Blanket Snøhetta Debuting this spring, Mountainfold, Color Noise, and Islandskap are Snøhetta-conceived patterns on Norwegian-manufactured Røros Tweed. On Mountainfold, the design was derived from the famous mountain peak in Dovre, Norway (and the firm's namesake), and is available in six colorways. Heze Trove Geometric, circular patterns are rendered in blurred strokes on wood veneer, matte foil wallpaper, PVC-free Type II Redeux, embossed Type II Marquee, or in bamboo and rice textures for windows. A 12-foot by 67-inch panel shows no vertical repeats. Exquisite Wink Wolf-Gordon For its booth at ICFF, Wolf-Gordon commissioned 10 leading designers and artists to demonstrate the benefits of Wink, a clear, dry-erase coating that can be applied to any smooth surface. Featured sketches and designs in the "Exquisite" installation came from Snarkitecture, Ali Tayar, karlssonwilker, Michael Graves, Boym Partners, Myles Karr, and Ben Katchor.
ICFF Walkabout> Foscarini Evolution
Italian lighting design firm Foscarini filled their Greene Street showroom with a dynamic, winding installation called Foscarini Evolution during ICFF week in New York. Artist Marc Sadler composed the installation of individual Tress lamps--made of resin-coated fabric strips--connected end to end. The pulsing red strands created a distinctly interactive experience. "The installation shows how light can convey emotion and form space," said Veronica Carniello of Foscarini. The showroom will now undergo a renovation and open again at the end of the year. Carniello said the company plans to feature rotating installations featuring Foscarini lighting products so the showroom will take on the qualities of an art gallery.


Automatic generation of testing data is an important means for improving the efficiency of software testing. Focusing on the engineering practice of software testing, a fast automatic method is proposed to improve the efficiency of testing data generation.(1) A key-point path expression method is proposed to calculate the number of theoretical paths, and find the covered paths' neighbors;(2) Brief instrumented program is executed to get some testing data by using the testing data generated from random algorithm;(3) The theoretical paths are divided into three parts:Easy-Cover paths, hard-cover paths and infeasible paths;(4) According to the information of covered paths and their testing data, the data of hard-cover paths will be generated by genetic algorithm. Simulation experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient.


Hemp's benefits are no longer a secret, so it's no wonder that some of the most famous people on the planet have decided to take advantage of this unexpected protein source – and sing its praises at the same time. The humble hemp plant has many fans among celebrities, with some of the names below more famous than you probably imagined.
Actor/director Woody Harrelson is an active supporter of hemp as part of a healthy and organic lifestyle. Well known for his vegan diet, he never misses an opportunity to speak about the benefits of hemp and using it for industrial purposes.
Harrelson has even appeared in the movie "Hempsters" and played an important role in filming the documentary "Go Further", where he travelled across America using a hemp oil-fuel biodiesel bus.
Everybody loves Oprah – and many of the things she promotes become must-have overnight. Famous for her healthy lifestyle, Oprah is always on the lookout for new and healthy ingredients to improve her diet.
She started talking about hemp and its benefits a few years ago and even promoted it on her blog, calling hemp seeds a new superfood, among six other must-try foods on her list.
Bob Burnquist is a professional skateboarder, currently considered one of the best in the world. This popular athlete has a passion for organic, and has his own farm in San Diego, promoting a healthy, eco-friendly lifestyle. He's a hemp fan, and talks about how hemp gives him energy by sharing his personal experiences with his followers.
Besides using hemp seeds and protein, Burnquist recently decided to take advantage of all the benefits this plant has to offer. So, he's now endorsing all-hemp skate shoes and his logo is present on a line of organic clothing, made using a mix of hemp and cotton.
It's no longer a secret that world's most famous doctor uses hemp seeds from time to time, mostly because they're rich in high-quality protein and provide all the amino acids the human body needs.
A few years ago, Oprah's favourite doctor dedicated an entire article on his blog to hemp, helping more people understand what hemp is and how it can contribute to a healthy lifestyle. Actually, many people started looking for information about hemp after they heard about it from Dr. Oz.
She's young (ish), beautiful and famous. And uses hemp seeds to improve her non-dairy gluten-free diet. Gwyneth has written about how she uses hemp to substitute dairy milk in her cookbook "My Father's Daughter: Delicious, Easy Recipes Celebrating Family & Togetherness".
She uses hemp in her kitchen often, mentioning their seeds on the ingredients lists of many recipes the actress shares with fans through her lifestyle website.
With so many celebrities endorsing it, hemp has become top of the shopping list for people who want to follow a healthy lifestyle. Discover the benefits of using hemp products in the kitchen, as clothing, or using cosmetics with hemp as main ingredient, to stay healthy and beautiful.


text:
Q: SVN Tortoise connected to more different servers from one computer Is it possible to connect to more different SVN servers using SVN Tortoise Client from one computer?
E.g. (Folder 1 and Folder 2 both on one PC.):
Folder 1 - connected to SVN server X
Folder 2 - connected to SVN server Y

A: Yes, you can check out working copies from as many SVN servers, repositories or individual paths as you wish. There is no persistent connection to the server with Subversion - the working copy has metadata that instructs the client what repository URL to connect to when it needs to communicate with the repository. But it works in a disconnected mode - unless you're performing an action that requires information from the repository, the client does not communicate with the server.


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Total Revenue Management, (TRM) is a top medical billing firm that offers medical billing solutions specifically for Ophthalmologist practices as well as credentialing solutions for practices across the country. TRM generates results. An important factor in driving good results is to aggressively increase all areas of a healthcare practice's economic well being – maximizing reimbursements, accelerating remittances, and decreasing expense.
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We Believe In Business Partnerships – Our medical billing service turns into an extension of your practice. Ongoing communication assures that priorities are understood, concerns are communicated, and we are available. We are your advocate and aggressively process each and every claim until we reach a resolution that is acceptable to both parties.
You concentrate on your patients. Allow us to focus on your medical billing and revenue cycle management. We understand the difficulties providers encounter trying to focus on both the demands of practicing medicine and operating a successful business.
The provider credentialing and re-credentialing procedure can be complex, time-consuming and expensive. When you consider problems such as delays and regular updates that vary from state to state, this presently lengthy, burdensome approach requires substantial time away from patient care.


A wiring diagram is a straightforward visual representation from the physical connections and physical layout of an electrical system or circuit. It shows how a electrical wires are interconnected and can also show where fixtures and components could possibly be coupled to the system.
For example, your house builder should read the place of business of electrical outlets and light fixtures by using a wiring diagram in order to avoid costly mistakes and building code violations.
A schematic shows the plan and function for an electrical circuit, but is not focused on the physical layout with the wires. Wiring diagrams show how a wires are connected and where they must based in the actual device, along with the physical connections between every one of the components.
Most symbols suited for a wiring diagram seem like abstract versions in the real objects they represent. For example, a switch would have been a break in the line having a line with an angle for the wire, just like a light switch you'll be able to flip on / off. A resistor will be represented having a compilation of squiggles symbolizing the restriction of current flow. An antenna is often a straight line with three small lines branching off at its end, similar to a true antenna.