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the Cathedral of Toledo
Wiener, Jacques
Cathedral of Toledo
Belgium (made)
1869-1870 (made)
Artist/Maker:
Wiener, Jacques, born 1815 - died 1899 (artist)
Materials and Techniques:
Bronze medal
Museum number:
Gallery location:
In Storage
This is a bronze medal made by Jacques Wiener in Belgium in about 1869-70. The obverse of the medal represents the Cathedral of Toledo and the reverse shows the interior of the cathedral.
The engraver Jacques Wiener became famous for engraving important European buildings with a great attention to detail.
Jacob Wiener (1815-1899), who signed his medals as Jacques Wiener, was the eldest of three brothers - the others were Leopold (1823-1891) and Charles (1832-1888) - of the Wiener family, a Jewish-Flemish family of artists and engravers. He studied in Paris, then settled in Brussels.
In 1845 he started engraving medals depicting the exterior and interior of monuments with a great attention to detail, something which hasn't previously been attempted. The first series was a group of ten medals depicting famous Belgian churches. Then he made a series of medals representing important monuments of Europe, like cathedrals, churches and mosques as well as other civic Belgian buildings including for example all Belgian prisons and some town halls. By 1872 unfortunately due to his portrayals in such fine small-scale detail he had almost lost his eye sight and had to stop producing medals.
Object history note
Bought from Messrs. Wiener & co, Brussels, per M. Van der Cruysse.
Descriptive line
Medal, bronze, of the Cathedral of Toledo, by Jacques Wiener, Belgium, 1869-1870
Bibliographic References (Citation, Note/Abstract, NAL no)
List of Objects in the Art Division, South Kensington, Acquired During the Year 1870, Arranged According to the Dates of Acquisition. London: Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., p. 58
Subjects depicted
Coins & Medals; Bronze; Religion; Architecture
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Bible > Sermons > Luke 3:23-38
The Double Genealogies of Christ as the Son of David
And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli,…
The general facts are these —
1. The genealogy in St. Matthew descends from Abraham to Jesus, in accordance with his object in writing mainly for the Jews; whereas St. Luke's ascends from Jesus to Adam, and to God, in accordance with his object in writing for the world in general.
2. The generations are introduced in St. Matthew by the word "begat"; in St. Luke by the genitive with the ellipse of "son."
3. Between David and Zerubbabel St. Matthew gives only fifteen names, but St. Luke twenty-one; and they are all different except that of Shealtiel (Salathiel).
4. Between Zerubbabel and Joseph St. Matthew gives only nine generations, but St. Luke seventeen; and all the names are different. The difficulty as to the number of the generations is not serious. It is a matter of daily experience that the number of generations in one line often increases far more rapidly than that in another. Moreover the discrepancies in these two lists may all be accounted for by noticing that Matthew adopts the common Jewish plan of an arbitrary numerical division into tesseradecads. When this system was adopted, whole' generations were freely omitted, for the sake of preserving the symmetry, provided that the fact of the succession remained undoubted (cf. Ezra 7:1-5 with 1 Chronicles 6:3-15). The difficulty as to the dissimilarity of names will of course only affect the two steps of the genealogies at which they begin to diverge, before they again coalesce in the names of Shealtiel and of Joseph. A single adoption, and a single levirate marriage, account for the apparent discrepancies. St. Matthew gives the legal descent through a line of kings descended from Solomon — the jus successionis; St. Luke the natural descent — the jus sanguinis. St. Matthew's is a royal, St. Luke's a natural pedigree.
KJV: And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli,
WEB: Jesus himself, when he began to teach, was about thirty years old, being the son (as was supposed) of Joseph, the son of Heli,

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Played one of my favorite heroes, won and did a very good job! Was really fast, had great communication, and even changed my settings back to the way they were. Wonderful booster, highly recommended!
Was fast and did an incredible job.


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Q: Creating polygons from binary image using QGIS Here I got a binary image of buildings (black and white image) and I need to convert them to building polygons:

The expected outcome will be a vector file with building polygons based on the image like this: blue as polygon edge and red as polygon area

However, I tried Raster -> Conversion -> Polygonize and Extraction -> Contour. The polygon created is not what I need:

Are there anyways to achieve the expected outcome?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Linear curve fitting with prime coordinates. Using this Linear curve fitting with prime coordinates below, the equation generated is
$f(x)=x+8.28923$
x-axis          y-axis
------          ------
2               3
5               7
11              13
17              19
23              29
31              37
41              43
47              53
59              61
67              71
73              79
83              89
1000003         1000033
1000037         1000039
1000081         1000099
1000117         1000121
1000133         1000151
1000159         1000171
1000183         1000187
1000193         1000199
100000007       100000037
100000039       100000049
100000073       100000081
100000123       100000127
100000193       100000213
1000000007      1000000009
1000000021      1000000033
1000000087      1000000093

Question
Since the equation of straight line is given by
$f(x)= ax + b$
I'm wondering how to interpret $b$?
From playing with various lists of prime coords, it seems to have this loose relation
$b \approx log(n)$
where $n$ is the largest prime coord.

A: The prime number theorem says $p_n \sim n\log n$. Hence
$$
p_{n+1} \sim (n+1)\log(n+1) = n \log(n+1) + \log(n+1) \sim n\log n + \log n
$$
So $a \sim b \sim \log n$.


text:
namespace {

geFilePool file_pool;

void usage(const std::string &progn, const char *msg = 0, ...) {
  if (msg) {
    va_list ap;
    va_start(ap, msg);
    vfprintf(stderr, msg, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
  }

  fprintf(stderr,
          "\nusage: %s \\\n"
          "           --source=http_or_archive \\\n"
          "           --path=quadtree_path \\\n"
          "           [--use_quadtree_format2] \\\n"
          "           [--show_protobuf] \\\n"
          " Dump the contents of a specific quadtree packet.\n"
          " Options:\n"
          "   --source: specify server or archive source.\n"
          "   note the archive source is built using gecrawler.\n"
          "   --path: specify the quadtree path of the packet\n"
          "           note the root node is --path=\"\" as a leading 0\n"
          "           is prepended to all quadtree paths (i.e., root = 0\n"
          "           is implicit. Note also, valid quadtree packets\n"
          "           are only found every 4 levels, so: \n"
          "           \"\", \"123\" and \"1230123\" would be valid paths.\n"
          "           would be valid.\n"
          "   --use_quadtree_format2: use the quadtree protocol buffer\n"
          "                           format (default root).\n"
          "   --show_protobuf: output the quadtree protobuffer.\n"
          " Example:\n"
          "  %s --source=\"http://localhost/default_ge/\" "
          "--path=123 --use_quadtree_format2\n",
          progn.c_str(), progn.c_str());
}

template <class T>
khTransferGuard<gecrawler::CrawlerSource<T> > MakeSource(
    const std::string &source_name,
    const std::string &archive_name,
    const QuadtreePath &start_path) {
  static const std::string kHttpPrefix("http:");

  bool http_source =
      0 == source_name.compare(0, kHttpPrefix.size(), kHttpPrefix);

  khDeleteGuard<gecrawler::ArchiveWriter> archive;
  if (!archive_name.empty()) {
    if (!http_source) {
      notify(NFY_FATAL, "write_archive (%s) requires http source",
             archive_name.c_str());
      throw khSimpleException("write_archive requires http source");
    }
    archive = TransferOwnership(
        new gecrawler::ArchiveWriter(file_pool, archive_name));
  }

  if (0 == source_name.compare(0, kHttpPrefix.size(), kHttpPrefix)) {
    return TransferOwnership(
        new gecrawler::HttpCrawlerSource<T>(source_name,
                                         start_path,
                                         // No date specified.
                                         keyhole::kUnknownJpegCommentDate,
                                         TransferOwnership(archive)));
  } else {
    return TransferOwnership(
        new gecrawler::ArchiveSource<T>(&file_pool,
                                     source_name,
                                     start_path,
                                     // No date specified.
                                     keyhole::kUnknownJpegCommentDate));
  }
}

} // namespace

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  std::string progname = argv[0];
  std::string source;
  std::string path;
  bool use_format2_quadtree_packets = false;  // Use format2 (protocol buffer)
                                               // quadtree packets.
  bool help = false;
  bool show_protobuf = false;

  khGetopt options;
  options.flagOpt("help", help);
  options.flagOpt("?", help);
  options.opt("source", source);
  options.opt("path", path);
  options.opt("show_protobuf", show_protobuf);
  options.opt("use_quadtree_format2", use_format2_quadtree_packets);
  options.setRequired("source");
  options.setRequired("path");
  int argn;
  if (!options.processAll(argc, argv, argn)
      || help
      || argn != argc) {
    usage(progname);
    return 1;
  }

  try {
    QuadtreePath qt_path(path);

    // Set up source
    khDeleteGuard<gecrawler::CrawlerSourceBase> crawler_source;

    gecrawler::CrawlerSourceBase::PacketType packet_type =
      gecrawler::CrawlerSourceBase::kQuadtree;
    if (use_format2_quadtree_packets) {
      crawler_source =
        MakeSource<qtpacket::KhQuadTreePacketProtoBuf>(source, "", qt_path);
      packet_type = gecrawler::CrawlerSourceBase::kQuadtreeFormat2;
      crawler_source->SetUseQuadtreeFormat2();
    } else {  // Use Format1 quadtree packets
      crawler_source =
        MakeSource<qtpacket::KhQuadTreePacket16>(source, "", qt_path);
    }
    // Fetch packet

    std::string readable_buffer;
    LittleEndianReadBuffer qtp_buffer;
    std::vector<qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference> qtp_refs;
    std::vector<qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference> qtp2_refs;
    std::vector<qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference> img_refs;
    std::vector<qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference> ter_refs;
    std::vector<qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference> vec_refs;
    qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReferenceGroup refs(&qtp_refs,
                                                &qtp2_refs,
                                                &img_refs,
                                                &ter_refs,
                                                &vec_refs);
    qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference qtp_read;
    qtpacket::KhQuadtreeDataReference qt_ref(qt_path, 0, 0, 0);
    if (!crawler_source->GetQtPacketRefs(&qtp_read, &refs,
                                         show_protobuf,
                                         &readable_buffer)) {
      notify(NFY_FATAL, "Failed to fetch %s packet at %s.\n"
             "Note: be sure your request is on a quadtree packet address\n"
             "      remembering that quadtree packets span 4 levels and\n"
             "      the root level is implicitly 0. For example, valid paths\n"
             "      could be \"\", \"123\" and \"1230123\", i.e., empty, or\n"
             "      any combination of 3 digits plus 4 digits for every\n"
             "      subsequent quadtree packet.\n",
             gecrawler::CrawlerSourceBase::packet_type_name(
                 packet_type).c_str(),
             qt_path.AsString().c_str());
      exit(2);
    }

    std::cout << "Quadtree Packet " << qt_path.AsString() << std::endl
              << readable_buffer << std::endl;

    return 0;
  } catch (const khAbortedException &e) {
    notify(NFY_FATAL, "Unable to proceed: See previous warnings");
  } catch (const std::exception &e) {
    notify(NFY_FATAL, "%s", e.what());
  } catch (...) {
    notify(NFY_FATAL, "Unknown error");
  }

  return 2;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Must Property Value Spike Stop Divorced Dad's Spousal Assistance?
Your Blog » Must Property Value Spike Stop Divorced Dad's Spousal Assistance?
You can ask for help. Common law spouses have a right to ask for help for themselves if they have lived collectively for far more than 3 years or if they have lived with each other for less than three years but have had or adopted a youngster with each other.Daniel Harrott, 41, the biological parent of two trans kids, was assigned female gender at birth and is a transgender man. She said its helped parents concentrate on what's most critical regarding a separation or divorce. Welcoming new folks into a household unit is tough for a youngster, specifically if there are new step-siblings to take into consideration, and this is a good way to make them really feel included.Divorce can be a traumatic encounter for every person involved, but specially for youngsters. You also want someone who has focus and experience in the area of divorce and family members law. 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A detailed description of the grossly improper communications system Clinton established would have illustrated that she knew full well the risk she was running. A large percentage of the secretary of state's job involves classified matters. We are not talking merely about the exchange of documents marked classified but, more commonly, constant deliberations about sensitive intelligence in classified documents, briefings, and conversations. Clinton's willful concoction of a home-brew communications network — not a harried official's occasional, exigent use of private email for official business, but her rogue institution of a private, non-government infrastructure for the systematic conduct of State Department business — made the non-secure transmission and storage of classified information inevitable.
Horowitz's fleeting conclusion that the decision not to charge Clinton was rational and not necessarily motivated by political considerations hinges on the assumption that the intent evidence truly was as sparse as the FBI and Justice Department described it. Of course the decision to decline prosecution was defensible, if not incontestable, if one accepts that false premise. And Horowitz does not just accept the premise; he treats it as a background assumption, writing as if there's no other conceivable way to look at the case.
As usual, there's a ton more at the link. Worth your time.


Dallas Police Chief David Brown's public image has never been better. He is at the height of his national popularity, even making a cameo in a newly released music video.
But the city's top cop remains as private as ever. He was nowhere to be seen Thursday as his decision to retire was revealed on Twitter.
The announcement was made Thursday while Brown was on a golf trip with his wife in Austin, surprising many city leaders and his own staff.
He will step down on Oct. 22, his 56th birthday. But he says he won't publicly talk about his decision until Sept. 8, leaving many wondering why he's going now and what his plans are..
"Serving the citizens of Dallas in this noble profession has been both a true honor and a humbling experience," Brown said in a written statement.
Brown has worked for the Dallas Police Department for 33 years and was appointed to his current position in May 2010, making him the longest-serving police chief since 1960.
He gained national attention for the cool, collected way he handled the aftermath of a lone gunman's ambush on police officers as a downtown protest was ending July 7. Four Dallas police officers and one DART police officer were killed . Nine others were injured.
Brown was praised by elected officials, community leaders and his own employees for how he handled the crisis. While deftly handling a hungry media and doing his best to comfort and share what he felt he could about the details of the tragedy, he also took the public and elected officials to task for what he said were growing burdens on an overworked, underpaid and underappreciated Police Department.
Soon, a social media movement was calling for him to be the next U.S. president. And his cameos in a Black Eyed Peas music video was released Wednesday night.
"The whole world learned what a special man leads our Dallas police" after the downtown ambush, Mayor Mike Rawlings said Thursday at a news conference with retiring City Manager A.C. Gonzalez at Dallas City Hall.
"David Brown is a straightforward man. He is a man of integrity and courage."
Executive Assistant Chief David Pughes has been named interim police chief. City leaders will conduct a national search for Brown's permanent replacement, though that is not likely to begin until next year, after a new city manager is hired.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown's retirement announcement caught many by surprise.
Dallas police Chief David Brown (center) walked arm-in-arm with (from left) Dallas Cowboys owner Jerry Jones, strong safety Barry Church (42), cornerback Orlando Scandrick (32), tight end Jason Witten (82) Magnus Ahrens, 8, (son of slain Dallas officer Lorne Ahrens), his aunt Erika Swyryn, and tight end James Hanna (84) before opening day of training camp in Oxnard, California, Saturday, July 30, 2016.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown speaks during a funeral service for Dallas police officer Patrick Zamarripa on Saturday, July 16, 2016 at Wilkerson-Greines Athletic Center in Fort Worth, Texas. Zamarripa was interred at DFW National Cemetery in Dallas, Texas. He was one of five officers killed by a gunman on July 7, 2016 during a Black Lives Matter rally in downtown Dallas, Texas. Zamarripa was a Navy veteran who served three tours in Iraq. He was 32.
Dallas police Chief David Brown (center, left) salutes as Dallas Mayor Mike Rawlings (right) watches as the Color Guard carries slain Dallas police officer Michael Krol outside of Prestonwood Baptist Church in Plano, Texas, Friday, July 15, 2016. Krol was gunned down in an ambush attack in downtown Dallas a week ago. Four Dallas police officers and one DART officer were killed and several survived.
Dallas police Chief David Brown places his hand on a casket for slain Dallas police Sgt. Michael Smith during a visitation for his body Tuesday, July 12, 2016 at Mary Immaculate Catholic Church in Farmers Branch, Texas. Smith was one of five officers killed last week when a gunman opened fire on a Black Lives Matter rally in downtown Dallas.
President Barack Obama joins hands with Dallas Mayor Mike Rawlings and other dignitaries during an interfaith memorial service at the Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center in Dallas on Tuesday, July 12, 2016, for five law enforcement officers killed last week in an ambush at a Black Lives Matter rally. In the photo, from left are Laura Bush, former President George W. Bush, Michelle Obama, President Barack Obama, Dallas mayor Mike Rawlings, Micki Rawlings and Dallas police chief David Brown.
President Barack Obama (right) gives Dallas police chief David Brown a hug following an interfaith memorial service for 5 fallen officers at the Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center in Dallas, Tuesday, July 12, 2016. The Obamas were joined by Vice-President Joe Biden and his wife Jill Biden, former President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush. Four Dallas police officers and one DART officer were gunned down last week in downtown Dallas at a protest rally.
Dallas police chief David Brown responds to questions about last week's shooting of his officers during a press conference at police headquarters in Dallas, Monday, July 11, 2016.
Dallas police chief David Brown listens to a question posed to him about last week's shooting of his officers during a press conference at police headquarters in Dallas, Monday, July 11, 2016.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown (left) has his candle lit by DART police chief J.D. Spiller during a candlelight vigil hosted by the Dallas Police Association at Dallas City hall in Dallas, TX July 11, 2016.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown pauses at a prayer vigil during a citywide prayer service in downtown Dallas on Friday, July 8, 2016, following the shootings during a peaceful protest on July 7, which left 5 police officers dead.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown and Dallas Mayor Mike Rawlings speak at a press conference at Dallas City Hall in the early morning of July 8, 2016 after shots were fired at a Black Lives Matter rally in downtown Dallas on Thursday, July 7, 2016. Dallas protestors rallied in the aftermath of the killing of Alton Sterling by police officers in Baton Rouge, La. and Philando Castile, who was killed by police less than 48 hours later in Minnesota.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown leaves the Baylor University Medical Center after a visit, Friday, July 8, 2016, in Dallas. Snipers opened fire on police officers in the heart of Dallas on Thursday night, killing some of the officers.
David Brown, currently first assistant chief of the Dallas Police Department, leaves a news conference in Dallas, Wednesday, April 28, 2010. Dallas City Manager Mary Suhm announced via Facebook that Brown will be the new Dallas Police Chief.
On his way of out of police headquarters for the last time, outgoing Dallas police chief David Kunkle (left) ran into newly sworn police chief David Brown (right) as he stepped off the elevator. The two shook hands, wished each other well and then parted ways - Kunkle to the parking garage, Brown to the police chief's office, Tuesday, May 4, 2010. Kunkle was carrying a margarita machine, a parting gift from a staff member. In background, center, is Assistant Police Chief Daniel Garcia, who was one of the finalists for Kunkle's job.
Dallas native David Brown was sworn in as the city's 28th police chief Tuesday, May 4, 2010. Brown, a 1979 South Oak Cliff High graduate, was given the oath of office by retired state District Judge Larry Baraka (left), who the new chief said pointed him toward law enforcement over 26 years ago. Dallas police Sgt. Cedonia Brown (right) was at her husband's side. According to Chief Brown, Sgt. Cedonia Brown left DPD for the Dallas Water Department when he took office as chief.
David Brown smiled Tuesday afternoon at the Dallas Police Department Headquarters after being sworn in as the new Dallas Police Chief.
David Brown and Dallas County Sheriff Lupe Valdez embraced April 4, 2010 at Dallas Police Department Headquarters shortly after Brown was sworn in as the new Dallas Police Chief.
Police officers listen as new Dallas Police Chief David Brown addresses the media at Jack Evans Police Headquarters April 28, 2010.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown and Dallas City Manager Mary Suhm (right) bow their heads in prayer July 7, 2010 during a breakfast meeting of the North Texas Crime Commission at the Park Cities Club, in Dallas. This was the first public appearance for Chief Brown since his son David Brown Jr. shot and killed a citizen and a Lancaster Police officer before police shot and killed him.
Dallas Police chief David Brown attended South Oak Cliff High School and was voted "Most Intellectual" as well as "Most Likely to Succeed" in his yearbook. This photograph was copied from a 1979 South Oak Cliff High School yearbook.
At top is David Brown. Wrestling on the ground are Brett Shipp and an unidentified man at the February 9, 1993 Dallas Cowboys Victory Parade. From DMN reporter Jason Trahan: "This photo features today's (2011) Dallas' top cop, Police Chief David Brown, who was a SWAT sergeant back then. And who is that on the ground? None other than WFAA's Brett Shipp, who put the picture on his Facebook page this morning. He says he was tackling someone who stole his photographer's pager. I emailed Chief Brown this morning, since he's not ID'ed in the picture, and he confirmed that yes, that's him "saving" Brett. "The '93 parade was one of those ominous character building moments," Brown wrote to me in an email. "I was a SWAT supervisor at the time, well trained and very fit, but it took some guts to go into that out of control crowd and restore order," he wrote. "It serves now to help with planning for the upcoming parade and to fully understand the psychology of how an unruly large crowd could behave and how to mitigate that potential behavior." "It doesn't hurt to have a marker owed to you from one of the best investigative reporters in our media market, either:)"
At top is David Brown. Wrestling on the ground are Brett Shipp and an unidentified man. From DMN reporter Jason Trahan: "This photo features today's (2011) Dallas' top cop, Police Chief David Brown, who was a SWAT sergeant back then. And who is that on the ground? None other than WFAA's Brett Shipp, who put the picture on his Facebook page this morning. He says he was tackling someone who stole his photographer's pager. I emailed Chief Brown this morning, since he's not ID'ed in the picture, and he confirmed that yes, that's him "saving" Brett. Photograph is from the February 9, 1993 Dallas Cowboys Victory Parade in downtown Dallas.
Autumn Ridge Apartment manager Patricia Bethencourt talks with DPD Deputy Chief David Brown about the decline in crime at her apartments. Dallas Police Deputy Chief David Brown is leading a one-month initiative that stations dozens of officers in three of the the most crime-ridden apartment complexes. The three apartment complexes located in far northeast Dallas are Autumn Ridge Apartments, Bent Creek Apartments , and Providence Apartment Homes. So far, the initiative has netted 47 felony arrest, 151 total arrests and 583 citations since December 13, 2004. Police hope that after they leave his month, residents at these apartments will be more likely to report crime and set-up crime watch meetings.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown chats with passengers on a DART train in Dallas as part of a community engagement event on Friday morning, March 20, 2015.
Dallas Chief of Police David Brown takes a selfie with a group of kids during "Let's Talk," a youth forum to discuss how teens should interact with cops and other issues at Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center in Dallas on Tuesday, August, 4, 2015.
Dallas Police Chief David Brown looks at a model of a new reality based training facility at DPD headquarters on Friday, Nov. 13, 2015, in Dallas.
Dallas Police Dept. First Assistant Police Chief David Brown poses for a portrait. City Manager Mary Suhm announced six finalists Monday to replace retiring Police Chief David Kunkle. The group of officers includes three of Kunkle's top brass, including Dallas First Assistant Police Chief David Brown, who has been the department's No. 2 since 2005.
Rawlings joked that he wished Brown would wait to retire after the end of his mayoral tenure in June 2019. He and the city manager said Brown has been mulling the decision to retire for a year.
"It wasn't a total surprise," Rawlings said. But, "July 7 happened, and we kind of forgot about it."
Brown referred to the downtown ambush in his retirement statement, saying he remembers "the brave men and women of the Dallas Police Department for their sacrifices to keep Dallas safe."
"I know the people of Dallas will never forget the ultimate sacrifice they made on the streets of our city that awful night," he said.
Brown called his decision to retire "difficult."
His more than six years as police chief were difficult, too.
As Rawlings put it, that's a long time to be top cop.
"Six years as chief of police is like 30 years in dog time," he said.
Brown's retirement announcement comes months after all four police groups called for new leadership in the Police Department and in the midst of tough salary negotiations.
After a sharp uptick in violent crime in March, Brown shuffled hundreds of officers from investigative positions and desk jobs into patrol spots. Rank-and-file officers were frustrated with the shift changes, and the police associations said they no longer believed Brown was effective as chief.
Now, the associations are unhappy with the department's pay and proposed raises that won't be divvied up evenly to all personnel. The department's starting pay of $44,659 is among the lowest in the state.
Brown pushed for increasing starting pay and hiring more officers to offset higher-than-expected attrition rates. He proposed adding 549 officers by next October, including 200 new positions.
The Dallas Morning News looked at the department's recruitment rate in the past and found that growing the department by such numbers in one year would be difficult, if not impossible. Last week, the city manager announced that the hiring push would be spread out over three years instead of one year as Brown had initially wanted.
Rawlings said he doesn't believe the chief's decision to step down has anything to do with spreading out the hiring.
At the height of his public career, but caught between his officers and his bosses, Brown apparently decided the time was right to go.
Pughes and the next police chief will inherit lingering issues at the department.
Gonzalez is still meeting with police associations to negotiate a three-year salary contract. The City Council will vote this month on the budget.
Those issues will affect the city's search for a new chief, said Dallas Police Association president Ron Pinkston.
"Any chief the city of Dallas is looking to recruit will look heavily at the commitment the City Council and city manager makes for public safety," he said. "Are we going to be able to recruit the best chief possible under these situations?"
Pinkston, like many others, said he didn't expect the chief's announcement Thursday.
"There were a lot of rumors that were floating around out there, but we were surprised," he said.
Sgt. Sheldon Smith, chief of staff for the Black Police Association of Greater Dallas, said his association has had disagreements with the chief. But "we celebrate his retirement with him," he said.
"It's an abrupt retirement," Smith said.
Brown grew up in south Oak Cliff and has often touted his hometown pride. He recently told a group of teenagers at a police event that he's "straight outta Oak Cliff."
In 2014, Brown posted a picture of himself on Twitter for Throwback Thursday. "1993 as a DPD SWAT SGT. 29-inch waist maybe 170lbs ... could bench 275 ... old school now."
While studying at the University of Texas in the 1980s, Brown saw signs of decline in the neighborhood where he grew up. Neighborhood kids would skip school, hang out and experiment with crack cocaine.
"I was easily persuaded to go into law enforcement. I saw a need there," he recounted in an interview with The Dallas Morning News years later.
Brown did stints in many of the city's patrol divisions, along with internal affairs and SWAT, among other roles. He studied along the way, earning a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences from Dallas Baptist University in 1999 and a master's degree in business administration from Amberton University in 2001.
He was commanding the northeast police station in 2005 when then-Chief David Kunkle appointed him as the department's second-in-command. His appointment as the city's top cop five years later was hardly a surprise.
He was appointed by former City Manager Mary Suhm.
"He's been a servant leader for this community, which he loves and which he's done right by," Suhm said. "He's done Dallas proud, and I am pleased and grateful for those years of service because I know they weren't easy."
During his first weeks as chief, Brown's mentally ill 27-year-old son, David Jr., killed a Lancaster police officer and a bystander and was then killed by officers. It was Father's Day.
Suhm said she and Brown spoke often during those days, when outsiders believed his would be a short-lived tenure. Suhm said Thursday she never doubted he would withstand the ordeal.
"His faith and his belief system got him through it," she said. "He's a strong person, too. That helped. But it was a tough time. A really tough time."
Since then, Brown has helped bridge the gap between Dallas officers and the city's black community.
He has seen both sides of the divide. His brother was killed by drug dealers in Phoenix, and his former patrol partner was killed in the line of duty.
Brown has often pointed to a defining moment in his career: Dallas hasn't seen the sort of riots seen in other cities after police shootings, but one started brewing in 2012 near Dixon Circle in South Dallas after a Dallas police officer killed an unarmed man.
It was the latest in a heavy string of police-involved shootings. Angry residents poured into the streets. Police in riot gear were soon face to face with several hundred people. But area pastors, police officers and members of the New Black Panther Party all moved quickly to defuse the situation by encouraging patience.
The chief quickly released details of the incident and changed the department's foot chase policy after the shooting. The officer killed the man after they got into a fight following a chase.
Brown has also implemented mandatory yearly de-escalation training for all patrol officers, and his top commanders and police managers have undergone racial bias training.
After the downtown ambush, President Barack Obama praised the Police Department, saying it is an example to other agencies because it has "drastically reduced complaints about police misconduct."
Council member Jennifer Staubach Gates said she talked to Brown on Thursday morning about something unrelated, and that he said nothing about retirement.
Gates said Gonzalez told her about his departure about two minutes before his statement was posted to Twitter.
But Gates said she wasn't surprised by the announcement.
"I was expecting it within the next two years, and I am sure he's physically exhausted," Gates said. "It's a loss to Dallas, but we understand this is his choice, and we're grateful for his service to the city of Dallas and especially the leadership he showed in July, when the city was under attack."
Gov. Greg Abbott also issued a statement thanking Brown for his leadership during the Dallas ambush.
"At no time was his exemplary leadership more evident than in the aftermath of the heinous shooting of law enforcement officers this July in Dallas," read the statement. "Thanks to his unwavering commitment to protecting his community, Dallas has emerged even stronger, and on behalf of the entire state of Texas, Cecilia and I thank him for his service."
Staff writers Robert Wilonsky and Naheed Rajwani contributed to this report.


text:
Conservative Leader Erin O'Toole takes questions from the media during a press conference in St. John's on Monday, July 26, 2021. O'Toole is accusing Beijing of using the death penalty for political purposes after a Chinese court upheld a Canadian's death sentence. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Paul Daly
O'Toole warns Canadians not safe in China after court upholds death sentence
Conservative leader reopens door to a Canadian boycott of next year's Winter Olympics in China
Aug. 10, 2021 3:30 p.m.
Federal Conservative Leader Erin O'Toole accused Beijing of using the death penalty for political purposes on Tuesday after a Chinese court upheld the sentence of a Canadian sentenced to death in a drug case.
O'Toole also reopened the door to a Canadian boycott of next year's Winter Olympics in China, warning the Chinese government's recent actions show Canadians are not safe in the country.
"I know how hard our athletes are training for Beijing," the Conservative leader said during a news conference in Oakville, Ont. "But we are approaching a point where it won't be safe for Canadians, including Olympic athletes, to travel to China."
O'Toole's comments came hours after the Higher People's Court of Liaoning province in the northeast rejected an appeal by Robert Schellenberg, whose 15-year prison term on drug smuggling charges was increased to death in January 2019.
That followed the December 2018 arrest of Huawei Technologies Ltd. executive Meng Wanzhou in Vancouver on U.S. charges of lying to the Hong Kong arm of the British bank HSBC about possible dealings with Iran in violation of trade sanctions.
China also arrested and later tried two other Canadians, entrepreneur Michael Spavor and former diplomat Michael Kovrig, on spying charges in apparent retaliation for Meng's detention. Critics have described their arrests as "hostage politics."
Meng's lawyers argue the case against the Huawei chief financial officer is politically motivated and what she is accused of isn't a crime in Canada.
China's government has criticized the arrest as part of U.S. efforts to hamper its technology development. Huawei, a maker of network equipment and smartphones, is China's first global tech brand and is at the centre of U.S.-Chinese tension over technology and security.
Canada's federal government criticized Tuesday's ruling upholding the death penalty for Schellenberg as arbitrary and the penalty as "cruel and inhumane."
"We condemn the verdict in the strongest possible terms and call on China to grant Robert clemency," Ambassador Dominic Barton told reporters by phone after attending the appeals hearing in Shenyang, about 20 kilometres west of Dandong.
Foreign Affairs Minister Marc Garneau also said Canada condemns the sentence.
"We have repeatedly expressed to China our firm opposition to this cruel and inhumane punishment and will continue to engage with Chinese officials at the highest levels to grant clemency to Mr. Schellenberg," Garneau said in a statement Tuesday.
"We oppose the death penalty in all cases, and condemn the arbitrary nature of Mr. Schellenberg's sentence."
Schellenberg was convicted of smuggling 222 kilograms of methamphetamine, according to the court.
O'Toole, who has been pressing Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's Liberal government to take a harder line with Beijing, wasted no time on Tuesday criticizing the Chinese court's rejection of Schellenberg's appeal.
"The denial of Robert Schellenberg's appeals must be seen for what it is: a foreign government planning to take the life of a Canadian for political reasons," he said. "The use of the death penalty is abhorrent. But to impose it for political reasons is inexcusable."
He went on to say that Canadians would be watching as a different Chinese court is expected to release its verdict in Spavor's case on Wednesday, even as a Vancouver court prepares to hear final arguments on whether Meng should be handed over to U.S. authorities.
"We're proud of our athletes we're celebrating," O'Toole said. "But we also have to recognize the actions of a country that wants to host the Games to bring people together. And we will have to think long and hard on whether we reward a country like that with the Games."
NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh said, without offering specific details, that Canada needs to use every resource available to save Schellenberg, Spavor and Kovrig.
"This is a Canadian, we need to save his life," Singh said of Schellenberg. "And we also know that Mr. Spavor and Mr. Kovrig are still detained and we need to do everything possible to secure their release. Canadians expect us to do that."
Canada and other governments including Australia and the Philippines face growing Chinese pressure including trade boycotts in disputes over human rights, the coronavirus and territorial claims.
Washington has warned Americans they face "a heightened risk of arbitrary detention" in China for reasons other than to enforce the law.
Asked whether the Schellenberg, Spavor and Kovrig cases were linked to Meng's, Barton said, "I don't think it's a coincidence these are happening right now while events are going on in Vancouver." He said the case was "part of the geopolitical process."
He said Canadian diplomats talked with Schellenberg after the ruling but declined to give details.
"He is remarkably composed," Barton said. "We had a good conversation."
Diplomats from the United States, Germany, Australia and France attended Tuesday's hearing, according to Barton. He expressed thanks to them and other governments for expressing support for Canada.
Two other Canadians, Fan Wei and Xu Weihong, also were sentenced to death on drug charges in separate cases in 2019 as relations between Beijing and Ottawa soured.
— Lee Berthiaume, The Canadian Press, with files from The Associated Press.
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Arayaburi Boutique Resort (Formerly Bay View Village) is found at Samrong Bay (commonly knows as "Secret Beach) located in the north of Koh Samui. The village is ideal to escape from the crowd. The villas provide unmatched comfort and privacy, each with its own private terrace with panorama view of Samrong Bay. At the front of the village lies a pure, white sand beach.
Arayaburi Boutique Resort Is Located At The North Eastern Tip Of Koh Samui On Samrong Bay, Also Known As "Secret Beach". Easy Access To Chaweng And Airport But A Quiet Beach Getaway.


text:
Q: Find recursive (circular) id in array of Javascript objects users= [
{Id: 1, parentId: 2},
{Id: 2, parentId: 3},
{Id: 3, parentId: 4},
{Id: 4, parentId: 1}
]

I have an array of objects. How can I get the cycling Id return true if array had.
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-1
case: finally, Id 1 parentId should not be 1.

A: You need to traverse the "tree" and keep track of all nodes' Id that you encounter. If you encounter a given Id more than once, display an error.

  users = [
    { Id: 1, parentId: 2 },
    { Id: 2, parentId: 3 },
    { Id: 3, parentId: 4 },
    { Id: 4, parentId: 1 },
    { Id: 34, parentId: 34 },
  ]

  var ids = {}
  users.forEach(function (e) {
    if (e.Id == e.parentId) {
      console.log(`${e.Id} has same parent ${e.parentId}`)
    }
    if (ids[e.Id] || ids[e.parentId]) {
      console.log(`For id ${e.Id}, found duplicate parent ${e.parentId}`)
    }
    ids[e.Id] = true
  })


text:
Crimes of violence are aggressively prosecuted in Melbourne and throughout Brevard County, Florida. These types of offenses can be classified as misdemeanors or felonies, depending on whether the alleged incident involved a weapon or resulted in any serious bodily injury.
Regardless of the classification of the offense, a conviction for any violent crime can result in serious penalties that may include lengthy imprisonment and heavy fines. Any person who has been charged with committing a crime of violence needs to immediately seek legal representation in order to protect his or her rights and future.
Melbourne Florida Violent Offenses Lawyer
Were you arrested in Brevard County or the surrounding areas in the state of Florida for allegedly committing a violent crime? You should contact an experienced Florida criminal defense attorney as soon as possible.
The Law Offices of James B. Coulter defends clients all over the greater Melbourne Florida area as well as tourists and residents of other states who were arrested for alleged violent crimes while in Florida. Our firm can review your case and discuss your legal options when you call (321) 586-9944 to schedule a free, confidential consultation or come to our Melbourne office to meet with Attorney James Coulter.
Overview of Violent Offenses in Florida
What are the different kinds of crimes of violence?
What kinds of punishments does a person face if convicted for one of these offenses?
How are tourists prosecuted for these charges?
Where can I learn more about these crimes?
Types of Brevard County Violent Offenses
There are multiple crimes of violence listed in Title XLVI of the Florida Statutes. A few examples of these kinds of offenses that are often times prosecuted in Melbourne Florida and the surrounding areas of Brevard County Florida include:
Aggravated Assault / Battery
Kidnapping / False Imprisonment
Manslaughter / Homicide
Florida Violent Offense Penalties
Many classifications for violent crimes are aggravated by the use of a firearm or other weapon as well as whether an alleged victim suffered any serious bodily injury. Depending on the specific charges a person faces, the possible consequences of a conviction may include:
Second-Degree Misdemeanor — Up to 60 days in jail and $500 maximum fine
First-Degree Misdemeanor — Up to one year in jail and $1,000 maximum fine
Third-Degree Felony — Up to five years in prison and $5,000 maximum fine
Second-Degree Felony — Up to 15 years in prison and $10,000 maximum fine
First-Degree Felony — Up to 30 years in prison and $10,000 maximum fine
Life Felony — Up to life in prison and $15,000 maximum fine
Capital Felony — Punishable by death penalty
Melbourne Tourists or resident Accused of Violent Offenses
It is not unheard of for an alleged offender to face criminal charges as a result of a misunderstanding. In some cases, the victim of an assault, battery, or some other type of alleged violent crime may say that he or she wants the charges dropped.
If you were charged with one of these types of offenses while on vacation or visiting the Melbourne area and the alleged victim has said that he or she does not want to pursue criminal charges, you should not assume that this means your case is over. Alleged victims are not the people in charge of making prosecutorial decisions, and it is entirely possible that the State Attorney could still proceed without the alleged victim's cooperation.
There can be very severe consequences for failure to appear in court when required, regardless of whether you are a Melbourne Florida resident, a Brevard County resident, a resident of the greater state of Florida or just a visitor. It is in your best interest to contact a Florida criminal defense lawyer our of Melbourne and Brevard County, Florida who can negotiate with prosecutors and work towards a favorable outcome to your case.
Florida Violent Offenses Resources
Florida Department of Corrections Victim Services – This office assists victims of violent crimes by providing referral services for specific needs such as counseling, support groups, crimes compensation, and crisis intervention. On this website, you can find information about Victim Information and Notification Everyday (VINE) services, victims' rights, and answers to frequently asked questions.
Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) Violent Crime and Drug Control Council — This council is comprised of 14 members and meets twice a year to make recommendations on the development and implementation of initiatives to combat violent crime and other criminal matters. You can find more information about what the council does on this website, as well as links to criminal history records, endangered persons, and wanted persons.
Florida Office of the Attorney General Crime Victims' Services — On this website, you can find the Crime Victims' Bill of Rights as well as crime victims' services resources such as the victim compensation brochure. There is also information about what the Florida law provides, victims' rights in court and clemency proceedings, and annual reports.
Find A Violent Offenses Lawyer in Melbourne
Have you been charged with any sort of violent crime in Brevard County? James Coulter is a skilled criminal defense attorney who has an extensive background handling these types of cases.
The Law Offices of James B. Coulter fights to defend clients throughout Melbourne, Viera, Rockledge, Cocoa, Cocoa Beach, Cape Canaveral, Indialantic Beach, Melbourne Beach, West Melbourne, Melbourne Village, Satellite Beach, and Titusville, and all of the state of Florida but our firm also helps people who were arrested for these alleged offenses while on vacation or visiting the Sunshine State. Call (321) 586-9944 today to receive a free consultation that will let us review your case and see how we can help.


Simon Holloway reworked a Sixties-inspired aesthetic through a contemporary lens.
For resort, Simon Holloway channeled the Sixties — round-shouldered coats, plissé skirts paired with cotton bouclé sweaters — but he softened the silhouettes, making them modern and more practical. Luxurious materials were used simply and elegantly: A double-face wool and cotton coat was finished with suede details, while an asymmetric one-shoulder dress, featuring a color-blocked pattern, was cut close to the body. Sporty parkas opened to reveal sumptuous fox fur linings.
It all radiated chic femininity, which may be why a look that broke the overall discreet mood — a bomber jacket in a patchwork of furry fox — seemed somewhat eccentric.


Does "Additional Duties as Required" Mean They Can Make Me Do Anything?
Dear Evil HR Lady, What, in your view, does "additional duties" involve? (As in a job description: "provision of technological solutions, supervision of workforce paradigms, and additional duties as required.") It could conceivably mean just about anything, but my interpretation restricts it to relevant duties. For example, an office receptionist, in addition to the stated duties of greeting visitors, handling correspondence, answering telephones and doing some basic filing, might also be asked to become the office first aider or handle low-level petty cash. It would be unreasonable for management to expect such a receptionist to pitch in on the shop floor with a spot-welder, give pedicures to the board of directors, or do courier work in her own vehicle. Is there any validity to that line of thinking? Would it be safer to assume that "additional duties" can mean anything HR wants it to mean? Are employees able to quit with cause or sue employers if "additional duties" cause their job to be too far removed from what they were nominally hired to do? The additional duties clause in many job descriptions is a very important one. It helps prevent stupid lawsuits over being asked to do something extra. My favorite is the receptionist who claimed asking her to make coffee put her in a "subservient female" role. She lost, by the way.
And while it would be easy for me to type, "No receptionist will ever be asked to give a pedicure to the board of directors!" (and in fact, it was easy), I can foresee a situation where that would be a reasonable request. If it's a beauty related company and the receptionist is, in fact, licensed to do such things, it wouldn't be crazy to ask her to do this. If it's at a plumbing supply company, that would be bizarre.
Second, your job description is not legally binding unless there is a contract involved. At almost all jobs in the United States, you are an at-will employee. You can quit, they can fire you, and duties and responsibilities can shift. I can eliminate your position and put you in a new one without batting an eyelash -- and I have been involved in such changes in the past.
If asked to something you deem unreasonable, can you subsequently quit and receive unemployment? How about a big, fat "maybe"? The state determines unemployment eligibility. If the company doesn't fight it, they tend to grant unemployment. But if the company fights it, it's probably going to come down to whether this was a "constructive discharge" or not. This is where the company makes it so miserable to work there that any reasonable person would quit. Unless the "additional duties" are extreme, you probably won't win. In your examples, being sent to do spot welding without proper training would fall under this category; being asked to deliver a few packages would not.
It's in a manager's best interest to keep duties related to the core function of the job. It's in an employee's best interest to do what needs to be done. That doesn't have to mean you roll over and take whatever they throw at you. You can speak up, you can point out that this isn't the best use of your time, and you can make terrible tasting coffee so they won't ask you again.
And on a random note, when the toilet overflows at an office with no janitorial staff, the person who caused the problem should fix it. If that person ran and hid or denied culpability, the boss should do it.
Readers: What's the craziest "additional duty" you've ever had to do?


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