At the drafting table, on a plane, or behind the controls of a bulldozer, Keith Rhebb is always right in the thick of the creative process of golf course design and construction. As a member of the Coore & Crenshaw team, Keith is working on the highest profile and most highly anticipated projects around the world. He and his colleagues continue to deliver mind-blowing results that are setting the standards for modern architectural greatness.
I'm not exactly sure when he had the time to do it, but Keith was generous enough to answer my questions and share his insights here.
I drove the cart for my grandfather when he played golf in Faulkton, South Dakota. My grandfather was a farmer. He and the other farmers in the area helped build the course.
When did you know when the game had a hold on you?
I can't really pinpoint one specific moment. It was more of a gradual thing for me. The more time I spent around golf courses, the more I began to love the game.
My first experience in the business was working with Landscapes Unlimited in 2002. At the time, I wasn't necessarily thinking it was going to be a long-term career path. I walked onsite for my first job at Sutton Bay in South Dakota and knew it was something I was going to enjoy. I started out in more of an entry-level position. I was raking, shoveling, and operating small equipment. I worked up to shaping, and eventually began to work for Coore & Crenshaw. Ironically, when I was waiting to interview for the job with Landscapes Unlimited, I read an article about the Sandhills course designed by Coore & Crenshaw. Their work interested me. Somehow, opportunities just continued to open up and led me to where I am today.
My path into the business was a little different, but I think it was a benefit for my learning style. I believe there is something inherently valuable in starting out doing grunt work in golf course construction. One of my favorite parts of the job is being able to create stuff out of dirt, whether it's manually or with heavy equipment.
Perry Maxwell. He started out as a banker who, after developing a thirst for the game, began to study golf courses. With the encouragement of his wife, he eventually turned his interest in golf course design into a career. From what I've read, he used his creative mind and his love/respect for the golf game, nature, and God to influence his creations.
I developed a better understanding of his style while working on a remodel at Old Town Club in Winston-Salem a couple of years ago. I like his concept of undulating greens and how it affects putting strategy. Overall I can relate to his unconventional start to the business and his tendency to put a lot of himself/beliefs into studying the land and constructing holes.
Who has had the most influence on you as an architect, both in and outside of golf?
Inside of golf it is Bill and Ben…without question. As shapers, they give us a tremendous amount of creative freedom on fairways, bunkers, and greens. They allow us to bring our personal creative vision to the table. It's okay if we do something "wrong." By that I mean if what we do doesn't match what they have in mind, they don't criticize and lose their tempers. They provide valuable guidance to help us make appropriate changes. I've learned a lot about the different aspects and stages of the design process.
Outside of golf…Hugh Herr. I haven't ever met him but I read the book Second Assent when I was a kid. He lost both of his legs after a climbing incident in which he and a friend got disoriented in brutally cold temps. He went on to develop prosthetics that work very much like human legs. He took a horrible experience and used it to develop something that betters the lives of so many people in this world. I like how he didn't let challenges define what he did or didn't do in his life.
What are the most important lessons you have learned from Bill Coore & Ben Crenshaw?
Other than what I said above, Bill and Ben provide great examples of integrity and character, both in the golf world and outside of it. From laborers to owners, they treat everyone with the highest respect. They strike the right balance between staying true to their core philosophies and principles, yet recognizing and valuing differing opinions. They know who they are as individuals and as a design team, which probably plays a part as to why they are not attached to their egos. I have a lot of gratitude for what they've taught me in the time I've been fortunate enough to work for them.
What should every owner/Green Committee member study/learn before breaking ground on a golf course construction project?
Some courses start out trying to emulate other well-known golf courses (i.e. the next Bandon Dunes, the next Sand Hills, the new Pebble Beach, etc). But there can only be one of any golf course. Each one is going to be unique given the land and climate of its location. I think owners/committees need a true grasp of the strengths and weaknesses of their site, and then start to develop a clear vision for the course. After they have a better idea of what is possible and what they want, then they should hire the designer(s) who have the most compatible vision. When ground breaks, I think the owner needs to trust the designer with fulfilling the construction process. It gets messy when owners try to micromanage the process.
Well, overall I just enjoy being creative. But I really like the detail involved in finish work. It's probably my favorite part of the process.
What was your most memorable experience from the seat of a bulldozer?
The most memorable times are when I realize what all is around me after I've been over focused on the project. Cabot Cliffs is a good example. Sometimes I didn't even recognize the magnitude of the cliffs, the highlands, and the ocean around me because I was more focused on the construction details. In Japan, my role is more creative. I can clearly see Mt. Fuji from my dozer on clear days yet I still forget that it's there. It was recently cherry blossom season and the wind blew the petals around my dozer like it was snow.
Every once in a while I get the chance to have my dog (a Weimaraner) on a project with me. As is true to the breed, she is extremely energetic. After I let her run around the course (with a safety vest on because she blends in with the sand and dirt), I put one of her dog beds in the cab and she just sleeps away. She loves it.
Of all the great holes you have worked on, which are your favorites, and why?
Lost Farm #14 – The rough contours were already within the lay of the land. We had to tread lightly so we didn't lose what was there in the construction process. It turned out nicely.
Streamsong Red #6 – This is a par 3 that doesn't look like it should be in Florida. It actually reminded me more of the landscapes that were in Tasmania (Lost Farm). The ridges from the phosphate mining spoils provided a nice canvas for this one to take shape.
Cabot Cliffs #2 – A lot of people think #16 is the best hole on the course. The view from the green is stunning, but I still like the second hole best. If you walked on #2 tee today, you probably wouldn't realize the time and effort that went into the hole. It was a total team effort to get it into the state that you see it now. That goes with the project as a whole…the entire team made incredible sacrifices and worked long hours to get it done in such a short amount of time.
I travel and get to do creative work in amazing places. Aside from that, I like leaving a job knowing that other people will be able to enjoy and benefit from the course…and not just those who play it. Golf courses create jobs and in some places, a successful course is enough to revitalize the local economy. But golf courses can also contribute to the environment in positive ways. For example, I'm working on a remodel in Japan right now. The course preserves a place for native trees, plants, and animals in an extremely urbanized area. I guess the best way to sum it up is that I like being able to contribute to something bigger than just my own little world.
What courses are at the top your hit list to play next?
I'd like to go back and play Cabot Cliffs when it opens. I'd also like to tour some of the classics in Scotland and Ireland.
I live where ever a project is located, which means I am away from home most of the year. When I'm not working, I like to relax at home with my wife and my dog. Kristi and I like to travel and experience different cultures. Photography is also a big hobby of mine.
This photo tour of the construction of The Lost Farm at Barnbougle is outstanding. Set aside a few minutes and prepare to be mesmerized.
Categories: golf, golf course architecture, golf courses | Tags: barnbougle lost farm, Ben Crenshaw, Bill Coore, cabot cliffs, golf, golf course architecture, golf course photography, golf course photos, golf courses, jason way, keith rhebb, streamsong red | Permalink.
These are exciting times at Canal Shores. Momentum is building, as talented and committed people continue to lend their support. The beginnings of a new Master Plan for the facility are taking shape. It is still too early to share details here, but stay tuned.
In the meantime, we have undertaken pilot projects in Section D on holes currently numbered 3, 11, and 12 (holes 1, 11, and 12 in my proposed Long Course). These projects are an extension of ideas and principles that were laid out in previous posts. They are also an opportunity for us to test out those ideas on the ground to gauge player and community reaction. It is possible that these holes get changed significantly in the final Master Plan, and therefore, any improvements to be made this year will be done at low-to-no cost.
Orange lines represent wood chip walking paths more safely removed from lines of play.
Purple areas are designated "native", containing both savannah and wetland grasses and flowers. These areas are to be created under the supervision of an ecologist / landscape architect. They are not meant for play.
Yellow areas are designated "tallgrass", containing fescues and other grasses. Some tallgrass will be playable, and some will not.
Playable fairway and narrow intermediate cuts are indicated in green. Playing corridors are being widened, and play is being more safely directed wherever possible. Additionally, we are tweaking grassing lines to accentuate ground features and give more visual interest to these holes.
Two sets of tees (back and forward) are being created on each hole and are indicated with green boxes. We will also be implementing "Family Tees" in the fairway between 120 and 150 yards to the green.
Greens, as indicated in green, are remaining in their current positions. However, mowing patterns will be changed to gradually reclaim green areas previously lost to shrinkage.
Mounding and ground features to be added are indicated in dark green and will serve as our primary means of adding hazard and interest to these holes (rather than bunkers).
Several bunkers will be removed. Remaining / new bunkers are indicated in white.
Players hit the wrong club from the tee. From the back tee, the farthest that a player can reasonably hit the ball before reaching an area of the hole that is extremely narrow is 220 yards. I love to hit my driver, and I know that most players feel the same way. However, for players who hit their drivers more than 220 yards, that is the wrong club to pull on this hole. When the consequences of the typical right miss are potential property damage or injuries to our neighbors, players need to use better judgment.
Players take the wrong line off the tee. The right side of the hole appears to run straight, and therefore players tend to aim straight at the green. This is an optical illusion though, as the right side actually angles in. Conversely, it appears to the players that there is less room on the left than there actually is, especially given recent efforts to widen the hole left. The correct target is the bunker left (which will be removed), or even left of that bunker for a player who favors a left-to-right shot shape.
Building of a new back tee is being considered to guard the right, accentuate the dog-leg, and highlight the carry over the ridge. A new forward tee opens up the hole and makes it more playable for shorter hitters.
The angled ridge is a fantastic ground feature that we are working to highlight. Addition of a set of small bunkers will increase the thrill of the carry for players from the back tee.
The picture does not do justice to this large ripple that cuts diagonally across the beginning of the fairway.
Through brush and invasive tree clearing, we have reclaimed 5-15 yards of fairway on the left, where new grass is currently being grown.
Original tree line at beginning of clearing project, with trees and brush encroaching all the way onto the path.
After cleanup and removal of invasive species, the new grass line is established with mulch.
Grass beginning to grow in previously overgrown area. Fairway bunker and path will be removed, graded, and grassed.
A new bunker down the right that ties into tall grass plots is intended to accentuate the peril of shots that hug the right.
Turf is removed in the new bunker location.
Bunker is dug out, with soil used to shape the face and mound that ties it into the surrounding terrain.
The bunker is finished with sod and donated tall grass, to be tied into the surrounding tall grass area.
Finished bunker with sand is now in play and growing in. Necessary repairs will be made throughout the season as the grass establishes.
Addition of hollows and mounding around the green are being considered to add interest to the green complex.
Existing ground features might be complemented with mounding from right and/or digging of small hollows.
This mid length par 3 has a green tucked into a triangular sliver of the property, and features a green and green site with some interest (and even more potential). Players often miss the green on the short side right – the setup of the hole creates a subtly deceptive angle.
A neat little green tucked into the back corner makes for a challenging tee shot.
Players are treated to one of the neat reminders of the course's urban setting as the EL runs by.
Expansion of the green short front left adds pin locations, increasing variety for regular players.
Short right of the green, there is evidence of an old bunker that will be recreated in the new Canal Shores style.
Tough pin positions in the back tier of the green will be accessible through the air, or on the ground.
The green will expand further short and left, and blend into a fairway height runoff that highlights the existing contours.
Creation of a bunker short right, complemented by a fairway cut short and right of the green adds visual interest from the tee, steers players away from the danger of walkers coming out of the tunnel, and provides a bail out for shorter hitters that keeps a possibility of par alive even when the pin is back right.
This hole has been problematic because it previously had no real defense against players attempting to cut the corner. Damage to parked cars and neighboring homes is a source of concern for safety and liability reasons. Further, the hole lacks interest and beauty.
The beautiful old bridge, visible in winter, is almost totally obscured when the invasive trees and brush leaf out.
The back and forward tees will be moved to left inside of the cart and walking paths and angled toward the landing area, rather than the green.
All bunkers will be removed from the hole, as they detract from the beauty of the hole and add to maintenance costs.
All grass through the green, with the exception of a depression left that has drainage issues, will be mowed to fairway height and kept in "firm and fast" condition to accentuate the natural movement of the land, as well as several old ground features.
The existing grass is being allowed to grow to indicate to players the new pattern. Islands of fescue and other tall grass will ultimately be added to enhance the look further.
The fairway cut is gradually being expanded left and will ultimately reach the tree line.
Were this hole not situated within its current constraints, perhaps it would be tweaked according to a risk-reward strategy. Alas, as stewards of the course it is our responsibility to be sensitive to all stakeholders by slightly limiting strategic options in the name of safety. We do believe that gains in interest, beauty and fun will more than offset the limits we impose.
Work carries on as momentum continues to grow. I wouldn't be surprised if the ultimate changes to the course are far more dramatic than those we are testing here. For the time being though, spurred on by positive feedback from players and neighbors, we we are doing what we can when we can.
"Remote" is a good word to describe the location of Apache Stronghold. Why did I make the trek through the mountains of the Tonto National Forest, past small mining towns, to an Indian Casino golf course in the middle of nowhere? As always, I was in search of golf adventure and great architecture. In this case, I was also lucky enough to have a chance to tee it up with architect Dave Zinkand.
The course was truly special, and Dave was great company – a talented architect, good player, and an even better man. For me, the evening was what this great game is all about.
Apache Stronghold has wonderful contours, washes and gullies that wander through the fairways. Dave pointed out that by routing the holes such that those features are often at an angle to the tee, Tom Doak has created interest. The player can decide how much of the carry they want to take on, and they get the thrill of pulling off the carry on their selected line. An architect does not always need to use bunkers or hazards to create that challenge and fun. A ripple or ridge in the ground creates the same effect.
We also discussed internal green contours at length, and Apache Stronghold has great ones shaped by Kye Goalby and the Renaissance Golf Design team. Dave noted that a bold contour that might seem over-the-top on first playing, can often provide more options to pull off a brilliant shot once the player learns to use that feature to his advantage.
My luck with Dave didn't end with our time at Apache Stronghold. He was gracious enough to share even more in the following interview. I hope you enjoy his perspective as much as I do.
My introduction to golf was rather stereotypical. As a boy, my father would take my sister and I out to Fremont Country Club, our hometown club in Ohio. When Molly and I were old enough, we began to play from the 150 yard markers.
It seems the addiction of trying to improve upon the last shot or round is almost instantaneous. As for the bigger picture, I now recognize golf for what it is, an adventure. It blends an outdoor sport on varied playing fields with a great deal of social interaction. Perhaps I was unaware of how fulfilling it is until high school when I could really begin to appreciate those benefits. By college, trips with the golf team were a welcome diversion from our studies. To this day, I still enjoy getting out with Dad.
Every summer in college I gained experience at a new job. First, I worked maintenance at Heatherdowns CC in Toledo. The second summer, I was a laborer on a Hurdzan Fry course being constructed in Cleveland. The third, as an intern with Arthur Hills' design firm. After graduating from Cornell with a degree in landscape architecture in 1997, I went over to Britain on the Dreer Award. When I came back I went to work for Gil Hanse and then spent 14 years as a Design Associate with Coore & Crenshaw.
How did the year you spent in the UK change your perspective?
Fellow Dreer recipient, Chris Monti, referred to his year abroad as "the move", meaning the career move. I couldn't agree more. It may not have been a highly marketable commodity to most potential employers, but has provided limitless inspiration that still fuels my passion for the hands-on designing and shaping of golf courses.
Who are your favorite Golden Era architects and why?
There are such obvious choices as Alister MacKenzie, who blended great strategies with unparalleled aesthetics. But considering historic golf architects as a whole, there are folks like Harry Colt whose somewhat reserved style always yielded admirable results. The eccentric Tom Simpson created provocative strategies with quirky contours and odd features such as flat-top mounds. There is Tillie and Perry Maxwell… So many designers have contributed to the catalog of great work and ideas. That is a fantastic attribute of our game, the immense variety!
You have worked extensively with Bill Coore and Gil Hanse. How have they influenced you?
My work with Gil was relatively brief, four projects in all. But I have always been impressed with his routings and aesthetics. In the fourteen years I spent with Bill & Ben, as well as with their long-time Associate, Dave Axland, I really had an opportunity to delve into every aspect of golf design and construction. I could throw creative ideas out and see what stuck. I had so many conversations and received so much feedback from Bill, when I run into a question of how to handle a certain issue, by now I have a pretty good idea of how he might attack the problem. All of that interaction certainly contributes to my perspective on golf design. Working with Bill and Ben really gave me a solid understanding of how to meld beauty and function into a playable setting.
Greens. There is a heightened importance in the contours of a green, both in terms of strategy and aesthetics. That is where I spent much of my time shaping for Coore & Crenshaw. All of that said, bunkers provide powerful aesthetics. It is great fun to toy with their endless variety to present such a splash of interest on the landscape. Bill Coore and I have had a lot of fun heckling Jeff Bradley, the 'Bunker Guru', over the stardom he receives for his sandy exploits!
What are some of the challenges associated with renovating a historic course like Old Elm or Desert Forest?
There are so many aspects to this topic. Change is difficult and any given club has hundreds of members. This essentially means the designer has hundreds of customers. As the saying goes, you can't please everybody all of the time. That is why it is so important to be reverent to the history and attributes of a course, while pressing forward with the task of fulfilling the client's current and future needs. Doing so in step with the leadership and staff is essential.
What should every Green Committee member study/learn before undertaking a renovation project?
Prior to selecting a designer, they should research each candidate's participation in the construction process (that was not self-promotion). Preliminary design is essential for game-planning, but extra time spent on a drafting board or AutoCAD document does not replace on-site participation. You don't have to shape your own features as I can (that was self-promotion). I find an unparalleled depth of interest in the work produced by designers who consciously allow their work to evolve in the field. Bill Coore is a master at this. Some of the concepts and details are not immediately evident or may even seem arbitrary, but reveal themselves over time. This lends greatly to keeping a course fun to play over and again.
Which courses are on the top of your hit list to play next?
Jason, you finally got me out to Apache Stronghold. I thank you, because that was a real treat. Cypress Point is at the top of the list of courses I've never been to and really need to see. I'll bet my wife could have her arm twisted for a trip to Royal Melbourne and the Sandbelt in Australia. There are also a number of classic courses on the east coast I would still love to see, such as Fishers Island.
Of the holes you have helped to build, which are your favorites?
It was fun to build a classic Cape Hole on the Sixth at Shanqin Bay in Hainan, China.
The par five Third Hole at Bandon Trails has a great deal of interest in its green that carries all of the way back up the hole in terms of how to attack.
The short par four Third at Colorado Golf Club doesn't overwhelm, despite playing over a natural barranca.
I really enjoyed the bunkering improvements Jeff Bradley and I made to the Fourth Hole at Weekapaug Golf Club. An additional bunker down the left keeps big hitters honest and the bunkering front-right of the green provides a much more engaging target.
Reinvigorating the island green on the Fourteenth at Old Elm Club with Drew Rogers was an old-fashioned opportunity to introduce Harry Colt's original intention of torn edges.
My alteration of the Fourteenth at Desert Forest into a short par four was a fun contribution to an already impressive routing. It also had the benefit of shortening the following green to tee walk.
Freely admitting my bias, I have thirteen favorite holes on Bandon Preserve. I thoroughly enjoyed that project and wonder if I'll work on such a powerful parcel of ground ever again.
You recently joined the Mickelson design team. What attracted you to that opportunity?
I really enjoy collaborating and they already had a strong team that shares great insights, with Phil, Mike Angus and Rick Smith. It should be a lot of fun to introduce not only my own design views, but also contribute my experience and on-site guidance to help advance our design intentions in the field.
It may sound corny, but I just love sculpting the earth. I started out in Cornell's School of Architecture, but quickly realized how important an organic edge was to finding my fulfillment in design. Having my office outdoors and providing others, who often spend much of their time indoors, with sporty and provocative holes to play is rewarding. I can't even count how many times I have been told by people they never had more fun playing golf than on Bandon Preserve. That is spectacularly gratifying.
Any interesting or challenging projects on the horizon for you?
I will spend the next two summers guiding and shaping Phil's project in Calgary. As for potential projects outside of that, I will be happy to give you an update.
My wife and I just had our first child, a girl. She is the very definition of adorable. I am happy to put my other interests, such as redesigning our new yard and brewing some wickedly dry cider, on the back burner so I can concentrate on helping her and Momma! Perhaps someday, I'll be busy taking her to play with Grandpa John on the golf course.
Categories: golf, golf course architecture, golf courses | Tags: apache stronghold, bandon dunes resort, bandon preserve, bandon trails, Ben Crenshaw, Bill Coore, colorado golf club, david zinkand, desert forest, golf, golf course architecture, golf course photography, golf course photos, golf courses, jason way, Old Elm Club, shanqin bay, weekapaug golf club | Permalink.


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I just found out this morning that the Police Minister is considering banning suppressors. Is anyone else aware of this?
If you go to the firearm law changes section you can find a copy of the proposed legislation there.
Pertaining to prohibited parts that could make a weapon semi or fully automatic(words to that effect).
It is already in the Arms Act.
And its certainly poorly written in the Amendment.
Reading the new proposed act, suppressors on bolt actions will be fine.
sako75, tetawa, Echo and 5 others like this.
Fret about the semi ban, don't waste breath on the silencer bit.
They could have banned semis that could take external magazines with >5rounds capacity, very simple, but instead go to all these lengths to get rid of everything AR. VERY costly for our nation to buy everything back, the kerching meter is just shooting up at a fast rate. On a good note, all you guys who have ANYTHING that can remotely be called a semi part, can now empty your loft of crap and get hopefully fair price for it.
Reasonable in your submissions to just argue that they should cut all the crap out, and simply ban anything that can take mags >5 rounds.
A permanent modification for example to an AR by way of a permanent plate at the bottom of the magazine well will do perfectly as no more 10, 20, 30, 50 or 100 round mags can be used, only what will fit between the bottom plate and the bolt. Very few buy backs required (and no white wash of the atrocious legislation to date allowing ARs on A-cat and free sales of large mags, never mind the disastrous issuing of a FAL to Brenton Tarrant).
Bol Tackshin, Huk, A330driver and 2 others like this.
I seem to recall a long time ago a legal debate which ruled suppressors were not silencers because they were not designed ro actually " silence" the report.
Have you ever top loaded an AR?
There goes pretty much every rifle on/in the NZ and global market!
I'm trying to help here. I did not say it was progress. It's a compromise.
You CAN load one at a time from the ejection port, slow yes, but that's the idea is it not?
You can also not fight back and go for the compensation, have your AR chopped up on some anti-gun masturbation aid of a short movie. Yay!
If you have your AR sporterised (and that is what this is about), you can get a modification that allows you to readily swing up the upper and access the mag well, safer for your fingers. Or you can get strippers that allow you to load the mag diagonally from the ejector port, but who would bother with only 5 in the box. What you CANNOT do is install any bigger mag than 5, as distance between mag plate and bolt is fixed.
You can also not fight back and go for the compensation, have your AR chopped up on some anti-gun masturbation film.
If you settle to have your AR sporterised (and that is what this is about). You CAN get a modification that allows you to readily swing up the upper and access the mag well, safer for your fingers. Or you can get strippers that allow you to load the mag diagonally from the ejector port, but who would bother with only 5 in the box. What you can't do is install any bigger mag than 5, as the distance between mag well plate and bolt is fixed.
Personally I would not bother trying to keep mine, they can bloody well buy it off me at full price and do what they like with it.
I hope you still do your bit and write in.


Research Collaboration on the Prosecution of Child Sexual Abuse.
Wellesley College research scientists to discuss challenges and outcomes of recent study.
WELLESLEY, Mass. – There is a growing body of research examining the criminal prosecution of child sexual abuse. However there are significant methodological and ethical challenges in the conduct of this research. One key component of success is assuring that the efforts involve close collaborations between researchers and practitioners. Stephanie Block, Ph.D. and Linda M. Williams, Ph.D. will discuss their experience with this approach during the presentation, "Research Collaboration on the Prosecution of Child Sexual Abuse: Challenges and Outcomes," on Thursday, May 11, from 12:30 to 1:30 p.m., at Cheever House, 828 Washington St, Wellesley. This program will close the spring Lunchtime Seminar Series hosted by the Wellesley Centers for Women (WCW) at Wellesley College.
"Collaborations are critical in this field. They are necessary in order to frame research questions, acquire access to confidential case records and trial evidence, understand the prosecutorial decision making and outcomes, and reliably code, analyze, and interpret the data so it is useful to the field," said Williams. During this presentation, Williams and Block will address how they approach such obstacles and discuss the findings of their collaborative research.
"Our research, funded by the National Institute of Justice, takes a child development and justice system approach to understand prosecution as well as the obstacles that lead many cases to drop out of the system, what we refer to as high attrition rates, in 500 child sexual assault cases from four counties in one state," said Block. The design of Williams's and Block's case study captures many different examples of prosecutorial response to child sexual abuse in a real-world context.
"We identified concerns with victim competency, credibility, cooperation, and evidentiary issues. Our findings suggest many barriers to prosecution," said Block about the study. During the presentation, they will discuss the methodological and ethical challenges of this type of research and they will review their collaborative approach that aimed to make recommendations designed to change outcomes for children.
Stephanie Block, Ph.D. is assistant professor at UMass Lowell in the psychology department and a collaborator with the Justice and Gender-Based Violence Research (JGBVR) Initiative at WCW. Linda M. Williams, Ph.D. is a senior research scientist and co-director of the JGBVR Initiative.
The Lunchtime Seminar Series at WCW is free and open to the public. Most programs are held Thursdays, 12:30 - 1:30 p.m. at the Centers' Cheever House location (828 Washington St, Wellesley), and parking is available in the on-site lot. Guests are invited to bring their lunches, and WCW will provide tea and coffee. For accessibility questions, contact Disability Services at Wellesley College at disabilityservices@wellesley.edu or call 781.283.2500 The Lunchtime Seminar Series schedule is subject to change. To confirm program lineup, call 781.283.2500 or visit wcwonline.org/calendar.


I really get tired of Republican foot dragging tactics. I just watched Wall Street Journal editorial writer Stephen Moore on CNN's Your Money with Allie Velcher talking about this being the absolute worst time to implement the Waxman-Markey, or American Clean Energy and Security Act, because of the state of our economy. They (the Repugnicans) just don't get that they (their party) have been dragging their feet and and putting off action on this issue for nearly four decades now, even refusing to endorse the Kyoto accord by claiming that that would hurt the U.S. economy. Had they acted sometime earlier in that four decade period we would be much further ahead with our sustainable green economy, more energy self-sufficient and much less vulnerable to international terrorism and petro-blackmail. Hell, we probably would not even be in Iraq if we were less dependent on foreign oil, as we could have and should have been 25 or 30 years ago. Their resistance to change in our wasteful energy habits and inaction on the global warming issue have put us in the urgent situation we are now in. So if now is not the appropriate time, what time would they consider to be appropriate? The global threat of green house warming far supercedes the condition of the U.S. economy. We have been warned by legions of reputable climatologists and atmospheric scientists that further delay in reducing green house gas emissions could be catastrophic. It may even be already too late. This bill just passed in the house may cost U.S. consumers $10 to $15 per month in increased energy costs. A very small price indeed to pay for a sustainable green future!


How can you alter a yard to make it more exciting? What can one do to make an awe-inspiring landscape for friends and family? This piece provides some answers to those thorny dilemmas and some ideas about keeping your design manageable and affordable.
Re-edge any flowers and rock beds in your garden to freshen it up. A curving bed offers a more contemporary look than the classic square and rectangular planting areas. Edging is an inexpensive technique to beautify lawn areas that will really improve the look of your yard.
Try using native plants when you are landscaping. Try using local trees, flowers and shrubs when planting your garden. Plants that are native to the area will do well even in poor soil, will most likely require less water and can thrive in extreme weather conditions.
If you are doing landscaping, you need to know the differences between annuals, perennials, as well as which plants survive and thrive in different geographical areas and climates. You should keep seasonal variations in mind when you choose plants, too. All of these factors combine to determine whether your landscaping efforts will be a success or a failure.
Choose plants wisely since they can affect the outcome of your landscape project. Don't plant sun-loving plants in shady areas. Don't plant a tree in an area that offers little room for it to grow. Take the time to ensure your plants can thrive in their new home.
There is no need whatsoever to hire expensive landscapers or designers in order to have an attractive yard. You'll only be forced to pay an arm and a leg for something you can do. Sometimes just a consultation with an experienced landscaper can help guide you in the right direction.
Shop on the Internet for better deals and more variety. A number of websites offer quality products at low prices. Always look over customer reviews to ensure you're getting a quality product which will be protected when it is delivered. The Internet also makes it easy to compare prices.
Before going to the local lawn and garden store to pick up landscaping materials, you should get the correct measurements of the area you plan on working in. You will be able to determine the amount of any item you will need. Having this knowledge will help you to avert buying too little or too much of anything.
Before you develop your landscape plan, be sure to make note of any existing structures in your yard. Make sure your landscaping plans will not disturb underground cables or sprinkler pipes. To protect yourself, call your city to find out if there are any cables located where you will be placing your landscape designs.
When you mow your lawn, it is a great idea to leave some of the glass clippings where they fell. This adds really good nutrients to the lawn's soil as it decays and will reduce the amount of fertilizer you have to apply.
Peat moss is a plant's best friend when it comes to survivability. Peat moss gives nutrients to your plants that they could be lacking. Beyond its horticultural benefits, peat moss will also add a nice touch of aesthetic variety to your landscape.
Proper use of foliage and evergreens offer great continuity and flow to your landscaping. Many plants only blossom for short periods, causing your yard to look dull in between blossoms. Place these plants between each bed so your yard will continue to look green.
If you are planning to plant trees to obtain privacy, buy fast-growing trees. These trees will quickly offer expansive coverage. The weeping cherry tree is one of the most popular fast-growing trees on the market.
Use native plants for a landscape that offers easy maintenance. It's a lot easier to take care of most native plants than plants that don't grow locally because native plants have already adapted to your climate. Local plants don't need as much supplemental irrigation and this can save you cash on your bill for water.
The soil in your backyard should affect what plants you use and where you plant them. Some plants don't grow well in some soil. If you see that some plants aren't growing, consider changing soil; you might also consider wood chips or mulch.
Consider how each plant will affect the plants around it. For example, tall plants cast shadows. This can be a great way to avoid hot summer days, or even protect your home. Be certain not to put small specimens in the shadowy space.
When landscaping your garden, use your space wisely, and take certain things into account. You can solve problems with your landscaping choices, like reducing noise from a road thanks to shrubbery. If you've got kids, make a play area for them. You could even create the perfect grilling area, or construct a backyard that will allow you to entertain in style.
Do not make any impulsive decisions. Most people 'inherit' an established garden when they buy a house, and it's very tempting to rip everything out in order to begin with a clean slate. Before you tear out an existing landscaping plan though, wait a season to see how you feel about different aspects. Plants change throughout the year, and what may look ugly in the winter might prove to be extremely attractive in the spring or summer.
If you wish to sell a home, then it's important to improve the landscaping so that the home appeals to potential buyers. A buyer's first impression can be much improved by greener grass and the simple addition of a few flowers or stones.
Trim back your plants in fall to maintain a manicured look for your yard. Many plants grow excessively and can easily get out of shape if not carefully maintained. You can prune them down to mere stumps, and they will grow back and their leaves will fill out before you know it.
The information you've just read is filled with great advice that every homeowner should have. Whether you want to do something huge or just need to perform a little touch up, with the landscaping information you've learned from this article, you are now ready to get started. You can do it!


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Is 5 over 9 closer to 0 one half or one?
It is closer to one half.
Q: Is 5 over 9 closer to 0 one half or one?
Is 10 over 9 closer to 1one half or 0?
Is one ninth closer to 0 half or whole?
my answer is it closer to 0
Is 3 over 8 closer to 0 closer to 1 and a half or 1?
3/8 is closer to a half. 3/8 is one away from a half therefore 3/8 is closer to 1/2
Is 2-6 as a fraction closer to 0 or one half?
It is closer to a half.
What closer to 27 over 50 1 a half or 0?
A half.
Is 9 over 16 closer to a 0 a half or a 1?
It is closer to a half. 9/16=0.5625
What is 0.0115 is closer to 1 0 or one half?
closer to zero
Does one third round to 0 or to one half?
It's closer to one half.
Is five eiths closer to one half 0 or one?
5/8 is closer to 1/2
Which is closer to 0 one fourth or 0.5?
One fourth (.25) is closer to zero than one half (.5).
Is one half closer to 0 or 1?
neither exactly half way between both
Is one-half closer to 1 or 0?
1/2 is the same distance from 1 as from 0. It is not closer to either 1 or 0.
Is one fourth closer to the benchmark fraction 0 or the benchmark fraction one half?
1/4 is exactly half way between 0 and 1/2.
What fraction is closest to 0?
There is no possible answer. For any given fraction, half that fraction is another fraction and it will be closer to 0. And then half of that will be closer still, and then half of that ... . Hope you get the idea.
What fraction is closer to 0?
1 over infinity
What is three six minus one half in fractions?
0 over 6
When you are estimating sums and differences of fractions by rounding how do you know to round it to zero half or one?
Let's say that you are rounding 2/5. You find half of 5 which is 2.5. Then you see if 2 is closer to 0, 2.5/5, or 1. It is closer to 2.5, so you would say that 2.5 is half of five, so your answer is 1/2. If you are doing 1/7, 1 is obviously closer to 0, so your answer would be 0.
Is 0.67 closer to 0 or 12 or 1 explain why?
0.67 is 0.67 away from zero. 0.67 is 0.17 away from one half. 0.67 is 0.33 away from one. 0.67 is closer to 1/2
Is 2 5th's closer to 0 or1 on a number line?
2/5 is less than half so would be closer to 0 than 1.
Is one fifth closer to 0 half or whole?
Let's do the math: 1/5 = .20 0 = .00 1/2 = one half = .50 1/1 = one whole = 1.0 The distance between 1/5 and 0 is the shortest (only .20 away), and thus, 0 is the closest to 1/5.
What is one - half minus one - half in math?
0 1.5-1.5=0
Is 1 seventh closer to 0 or 1 half or 1?
1/7 in decimal form is approximately 0.143 0.143 is closer to 0.0 than 0.5 or 1. The answer is 0.
Is 2/5 closer to 1 or 0?
2/5 is closer to 0.
Is 0.25 plus 1 over 8 closer to 0 1 2 3?
0.25 = 1/4 = 2/8 + 1/8 = 3/8 which is less than half, so it's closer to zero.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home » Panama's Canal Holds Visions of New Growth
Panama's Canal Holds Visions of New Growth
Standing on a barge cruising through the Panama Canal's Gaillard Cut, Maximiliano DePuy beams proudly. The geotechnical engineer for the Panama Canal Authority points to the 539-ft-high Gold Hill promontory on one side of the waterway, from which 75 ft of rock has been cut out since 1986. On the opposite bank looms Contractor's Hill, already reduced to 370 ft in previous work. Stabilizing the canal's landslide-prone slopes metaphorically represents protecting a precious pathway for Panama, owner of the 51.2-mile-long construction landmark since 2000, when the U.S. turned it over to the locally run Panama Canal Authority.
THEN AND NOW Original widening in 1930s of canal's Gaillard Cut (top) will be expanded in new program (bottom). (Photo courtesy of Panama Canal Authority)
That "path between the seas," as historian David McCullough's epic book describes the Panama Canal, is headed for a new chapter in its colorful 88-year history as it strives to become a popular travel spot and maintain a pivotal role as a shipping and maritime nexus. A $1-billion infrastructure investment program may culminate with a final decision to build a new set of locks. Trains are set to run on a rebuilt railroad paralleling the canal, and design is under way for a second bridge over it. Private owners are overseeing expansion of major ports on either end, while Panama's public works ministry plans a light rail system to link planned real estate developments.
Opened to shipping in 1914, the canal now handles a daily average of 38 vessels that are raised and lowered on the Atlantic Ocean side by the massive 2-kilometer-long Gatun Locks and, at the Pacific, the Pedro Miguel and Miraflores Lock. Construction of the canal, first considered by the Spanish in 1534, then attempted in 1880 by France and finally undertaken by the U.S. in 1903 for 10 years, has been well-documented. Now the story continues.
FUTURE. Plans for the canal's future "keep growing and growing," notes Agustin Arias, canal capacity project manager. The canal can accommodate ships up to 106 ft wide, the so-called new generation of larger "post-Panamax" vessels. Spurred by growth in their use, the government has a $1-billion program to increase capacity from 14,000 vessels a year to 16,000. That includes buying $54 million of new lock locomotives, new tracks and tugboats, conversion of miter gate locks to hydraulics and a $30-million global positioning vessel tracking system.
The existing 8.5-mile Gaillard Cut is being widened from 500 ft to a maximum of 730 ft to allow two-way passage of the bigger ships and to decrease the average 30-hour total canal travel time, including waiting, by about six hours. The cut, which crosses the Continental Divide, is prone to landslides, notes Luis Alfaro, the authority's engineering director. A landslide control program in place since 1968 monitors slope movements. "There have been only two large slides since then," he says. "Hundreds of others were averted."
RAIL RENEWAL Rebuilt Panama Canal Railways stretches across length of country. (Photo courtesy of Panama Canal Railway Authority)
The $219-million widening, approved in 1991, consists of 18 contracts and should be complete by next year, says Alfaro. In 1996, the government decided to speed the program by 10 years by adding cutter section dredging to existing bucket dipping dredging. Contractors from Japan, Costa Rica, the U.S. and elsewhere excavated about 29.2 million cu yd of soft rock and drilled and blasted harder rock. Another 44 million cu yd was dredged. The Rialto M. Christensen, with a 15-cu-yd bucket, is the third-largest of its type in the world, says Alfaro. Besides the spoil, crews dredged up old locomotives from the Panama Canal Railway, as well as vehicles, bridge segments and remnants of towns now submerged by man-made Gatun Lake, he notes. Ten disposal sites are located along the canal section. When work is completed, the Gaillard Cut will measure 630 ft wide along the straightaways and 730 ft at the curves.
The next chapter in the canal's construction history could be equally momentous. Bidding will begin this summer for conceptual design of a new set of locks that would accommodate the next generation of post-Panamax ships, says Arias. Feasibility studies are to be completed by the end of next year. If all goes smoothly, he adds, the canal authority expects its post-Panamax locks to operate in 2010. Before that, however, the canal must be assured of adequate water resources to handle new locks. The most promising of six options is to increase Gatun Lake's minimum 44.5-ft depth by 3 ft. Now in final design, the plan would increase storage capacity by six lockages a day, each equaling 55 million gal, Arias says. The scheme could cost $190 million and take up to eight years to finish.
The decision on whether to build new locks will come after studies on benefits and risks, which include construction scope and market forecasts of canal traffic. Arias expects firm cost estimates when studies are completed by the end of next year.
RIDING THE RAILS. Attention is also being focused on the canal zone's little-used railway, transferred to Panamanian control in 1979. A rail link between the ports of Cristobal and Balboa preceded the canal by almost 60 years, built to accommodate California Gold Rush miners from the East Coast as a faster alternative to land travel across the U.S. or the long sail around the tip of South America. The railroad was moved in 1909 to avoid submersion by the new canal but it fell into disuse.
(Graphic Illustration by Nancy Soulliard for ENR)
A joint venture of Kansas City Southern and Mi-Jack Products, Hazelcrest, Ill., is now rebuilding the 47.6-mile route and plans to operate it under a contract with a 25-year renewal clause, says Dave Starling, president of the Panama Canal Railway Co. The $70-million reconstruction is just about complete, and is expected to carry 75,000 containers a year between Cristobal and Balboa. "We would not have been interested in this if not for the two ports," says Starling. The company hopes port development and the intermodal opportunities from the double-track railway will help it strike gold this time around. Eventually, 20 trains a day will run on new continuously welded track widened to the U.S. standard of 56.5 in. Starling concedes it will take more than a year for the line to be profitable. Future phases will include expanding up to three tracks on either side.
A design-build team led by Neosho Construction, Topeka, Kan., and including Wilson & Co., Albuquerque, N.M, and local firms, cleared jungle grass along the old line and dug up rotted ties in often marshy conditions, surrounded by jungle wildlife. Wilson's Mexican subsidiary, Wilson Aries Grupo Industrial, sent Spanish-speaking workers to the site. The contractor had to take utility lines often buried just inches below the surface and reinstall them several feet down, says Richard Long, Neosho project manager. "We anticipated there would be some utilities, but we found three to four times as much," he says. But the subgrade from the 1909 railroad proved to be in much better shape than expected, and crews were able to continue track work through the rainy season.
Rebuilding work includes some 20 grade crossings and a new 7.5-mile track section near Colon to support a new container facility. Change orders of about $10 million relating to terminal station additions were incorporated into the contract, says Long. The last phases, including the freight terminal in Balboa, should be done by August. One passenger tourist train is already using the route once a day.
Building in an area lacking local rail expertise or materials was a challenge, says Starling. Concrete ties were shipped from Colombia; ballast and 1,440 ft of rail came from Canada, and was welded on site. Retrofitted locomotives and cars came from Amtrak. Politics also played a role, when disgruntled residents of poverty-stricken Colon blocked crews for a few days as a protest against the Panamanian government. Long says the team hired a number of locals, but there weren't enough jobs for everyone. "The workers are excellent, efficient and want to work," he says.
PORTS CALL. Modernization of ocean ports is critical to canal plans. Hutchinson Port Holdings Group, Hong Kong, won a 25-year concession contract in 1997 to operate Balboa and Cristobal ports. Most of a $140-million expansion program is concentrated at Balboa on the Pacific side, since "there is literally no competition on this side of the canal," notes Neil Proud, project manager for Hutchinson's Panama Ports Co.
The first two phases of work at Balboa cost $110 million and involved dredging 1 million cu yd of earth to a 12.9-m depth to match the canal, he says. A new 8.4-hectare container storage area equipped with three post-Panamax cranes and six gantry cranes has nearly doubled port capacity to some 900,000 TEUs (units equivalent to 20-ft-long containers). Tough conditions, including soil migration and crocodiles, and problems with rock fractures during pile-driving, caused a year's delay for German contractor Billfinger+Berger, says Proud. "Driven piles were not the way to go," he says. "Now we have a preliminary design for bored piles" for the third phase, to be completed in 2003. Work will involve 270 lineal m of piers, six hectares of container storage area and dredging of canal approaches. Bids are due by the beginning of August.
On the Atlantic side, Colon Container Terminal SA, a subsidiary of Evergreen Marine Corp., Taiwan, is investing $110 million in developing a marine terminal at Cristobal. The first phase's 1,800-ft quay, four Panamax cranes and six acres of container yard will be followed by another quay and eventual capacity of 1 million TEUs a year. Manzanillo International Termina-Panama SA, the local operator of Manzanillo port, is looking at a possible second container terminal on the Pacific side, near Balboa.
Anticipating extra traffic, the Ministry of Public Works last December selected a joint venture of T.Y. Lin International, San Francisco, and The Louis Berger Group, East Orange, N.J., to design a concept for a cable-stayed bridge over the canal, 20 km north of the steel arch Bridge of the Americas at the Pacific portal. Final design is due for completion by the end of this year. Panama will finance the estimated $100-million span. "The [ministry] specifically requested a cable-stayed bridge," says Rafael Manzanarez, deputy technical director for T.Y. Lin. "Concrete materials are readily available and they have the expertise locally to do that kind of work." He adds that two main towers will be placed to accommodate up to 120 m of future canal widening. "We're considering cast-in-place, primarily because we cannot use the water to bring in precast segments," he says.
The construction schedule for the 420-m-long, six-lane bridge will be tight because of Panama's rainy season, but "it's important to finish the job within the next 30 months," adds Man-Chung Tang, T.Y. Lin technical group director. Preliminary design is expected next month, and "they are prequalifying contractors as we speak." The ministry also plans to spend $35 million on 22 km of highway at both ends of the new bridge. The new roadway will snake through a former shooting range used by the U.S. Army. "Unexploded shells are a possibility" to consider for the future roadway contractor, says Tang. The entire project should be completed by March 2004.
The bridge and accompanying roadwork will be handled as design-build projects, although any future light rail in the capital, Panama City, cannot be done through build-operate-transfer schemes because resulting fares would be too high, says Luis Blanco, public works minister. But the ministry plans to seek bids this year for final design and rolling stock for an initial $200-million "Blue Line." The operations and management contract would be awarded as a 30-year concession, but financing is not finalized. The initial 13-km-long line would be at-grade, with 15 stations.
CRUISING Panama looks to a bright economic future with shipping and tourism facalities. (Photo by Eliott Kaufman for ENR.)
Colon, at the opposite end of Panama City both economically and geographically, could benefit from a future intermodal facility that would link the old military airfield to the ports and rail, and spur tourist development from cruise ships. New York City-based DMJM + HARRIS is leading a team on a six-month study for Panama on the intermodal facility, says Senior Vice President Ed Schmeltz. After the study, "We plan to go forward and create a logistics platform for uniting the elements of what's there," says Ed Boatman, a company vice president. The work could help push Colon further into the canal's economic sphere and make it another beneficiary of the expansion.
Canal Authority's Arias In an Expansive Mood
Fast Growth Propels India to the Top of the World's Hot Markets
Explosive Growth Sparks Brazil�s Booming Infrastructure Boom


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Home Artworks Charles James Fox (1749-1806) politician
Charles James Fox (1749-1806) politician
Walter Chamberlain Urwick (1864 - 1943)
Sir Joshua, (after) Reynolds
Country: Other
City: storage
Joshua Reynolds was the dominant artistic personality during the age of George III. He was born in Plympton, Devon. From 1750 to 1752 he studied the work of the Old Masters in Rome. Reynolds returned via Florence and Paris, and settled in London in 1753. In 1759 he painted a portrait of the future king, George, Prince of Wales (Royal Collection). After George's accession the following year, Reynolds was dismayed to learn that Allan Ramsay had been made Principal Painter to the King. This marked the beginning of increasing hostility between Reynolds and the King. Nonetheless, by 1760 Reynolds had established himself as the leading portraitist. He became President of the Royal Academy in 1768 and was knighted the following year.
Fox, Charles James
paper (as Subject), male portrait, man, 18th century costume, waistcoat, tassel, ribbon (as Subject - costume accessory), Leader of the House of Commons, Member of Parliament, Foreign Secretary, curtain
canvas, oil, oil painting
height: 125.00 cm, width: 99.00 cm
Presented by William Lockett Agnew, 1910


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Mercer County Airport
Mercer County Airport, Bluefield, WV
The Runway 23 Runway Safety Area project involved the placement of over 425,000 cubic yards of select fill; 25,000 cubic yards of select embankment (granular fill) for shear key construction; and the incorporation of a drainage layer in the fill slope. Additionally, geogrid reinforcement was required in the northwest corner of the embankment, as the embankment slope had to be steepened to 1.75:1 in order to avoid relocating a county road. The project also included re-marking the runway and portions of the parallel taxiway, installing additional airfield lighting and signage fixtures and cables, and temporarily relocating portions of the Federal Aviation Administration's instrument landing system. Two on-airport borrow/excavation areas were delineated on the plans, and the removal of material from these areas provided the Mercer County Airport Authority the corollary benefit of clearing significant areas of rising terrain that obstructs the protected airspace immediately surrounding the runway.
In 2019, an airfield improvement project was completed to rehabilitate the existing asphalt surface of Runway 5/23. The project consisted of pavement milling to achieve minor surface grade correction, and overlaying the runway surface with two inches of P-401 HMA pavement. The rehabilitation project also included pavement grooving and new airfield pavement markings.
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Expired .BRADESCO Domains
.BRADESCO Registry Information
http://mm-registry.com
whois.nic.bradesco
What is the .bradesco domain name?
The .bradesco domain name is a new top-level Internet domain (TLD) created and launched by the Brazilian bank Bradesco.
The TLD .bradesco was designed to provide clear and trustworthy Internet space for the bank and its clients, as well as for companies and individuals that intend to contact Bradesco online.
The .bradesco domain name is a virtual space in the web connected to Bradesco, and different from other domains in that it allows you to access all kinds of information about the bank.
In any part of the world - including Brazil - when people search for Bradesco in a browser they will find sites with information about the bank and its services, and not just an unrelated site.
The .bradesco domain name, therefore, offers a solution for people looking for information about Bradesco in search engines or social networks.
What are .bradesco domain name requirements?
To register a .BRADESCO you must be an entity legally constituted according to Brazilian laws. On your application, you must indicate the names of persons responsible for your activities, and their e-mails must be operational.
In addition, the company must present proof of its existence at the start of the domain name registration process. This will be done by means of a provided letter, which can be downloaded from this website.
This letter must be accompanied by a copy of the document that furnishes proof of existence issued by a competent authority.
In the case of an association or foundation, this will be from one of its responsible directors. In addition to being linked electronically, these documents must have been issued no more than 60 days before the domain name registration process.
What .bradesco domain name restrictions are there?
Only entities legally constituted according to Brazilian laws can register a .BRADESCO. You cannot register the following in your domain name: pornographic content, offensive material, or anything that violates rights.
You will also not be able to use Bradesco trademarks in your domain name without the bank's prior authorization.
Who can register a .bradesco domain name?
Just as Bradesco distinguishes between individuals and companies, the registration of the .bradesco TLD is also differentiated:
- anyone legally constituted according to Brazilian laws who wants to access web services associated with Bradesco; and
- companies and individuals that want to access web services associated with Bradesco (contact center, buying, merchant platforms, etc.).
For the second case, you must have a contract with Bradesco and present it at registration.
Why choose a .bradesco domain name?
The .bradesco domain name is a virtual space in the web that provides quick and easy access to Bradesco's various online services.
Bradesco wants to strengthen its presence on the Internet and offer more security and transparency when searching for information about it.
By using a .bradesco domain name your site aims to give information about Bradesco and its services, generating more traffic to your site.
A .bradesco domain name will allow you to be identified by your potential customers. The Internet is increasingly becoming the main source of information for consumers.
Creating a website with a Web address associated with Bradesco lets people immediately identify it as an entity legally constituted according to Brazilian laws, which provides secure and trustworthy services.


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Problems with an A/C unit in your home can occur at any time of the day or night. This means your best option is with the 24-hour a day service provided by air conditioning contractors like us.
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The maintenance of a high efficiency hot water heater is also a service offered by a variety of heating repair services in Ardmore.
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Routine maintenance is needed at least twice each year. This should include any type of indoor air quality systems.
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Archive of Přemysl Pitter and Olga Fierzová
Without love, without humanity, without compassion of human to human, nothing can succeed.
Pitter's Children
Pitter's Co-workers
Prague Milíč House
Operation Castles
Pitter's journey to England in 1938
The construction of Milíč House in Prague, was funded by donations from friends and readers of the magazine Sbratření published by P. Pitter since 1924. In 1933, Milíč House was opened as a shelter or facility for out-of-school education for children. Milíč House, as a childcare facility, was unique not only in Czechoslovakia but also in the world.
One of the most experienced workers was the excellent pedagogue and publisher of children's magazines Ferdinand Krch. Margit Becková taught music in Milíč House, and Líza Sattlerová led regular lessons of rhythms (both died during the war in the concentration camp). Míla Vavrda led the boys' clubs, and Anna Rottová led the lessons of girl's handwork. Her husband Josef Rott was an economic manager of Milíč House. Anna Pohorská and Marie Mejtská worked in the administration. Later, they were joined by Magda Pilbauerová, who led art classes, and Milada Horáková, who provided the pedagogical management of the sanatorium in Mýto. Ida Tyčová acted as an instructor of a physical education. The administrators of the sanatorium in Mýto were Mr. And Mrs. Pašek.
Jan Pašek.
Ferdinand Krch.
Milada Horáková.
Mr. and Mrs. Rott.
Magda Pilbauerová.
Ida Tyčová.
In 1944, Pitter organized a secret meeting about the immediate help of war-affected children in the post-war era. Between 1944 and 1945, Pitter began to prepare a plan how to help Jewish children surviving the Nazi concentration camps. He established the Committee of Christian Assistance for Jewish Children. The circle of the illegal committee was composed by YMCA and YWCA members, pedagogues, church workers.
After the operation The Castles in April 1947, P. Pitter and his co-workers were again focused on the devoted work at Milíč House. The Milíč House as a shelter was restricted by communist power and after violently closed in 1949. The building was used since 1953 as a one-week youth club. Since 1976, the building serves as a kindergarten.
Child-care workers at the terrace of the Prague Milíč House, from the left P. Pitter, A.Rottová, J. Rott, O. Fierzová, M. Horáková, A. Pohorská, F. Krch.
M. Horáková, M. Pilbauerová and O. Fierzová in Switzerland, in 1967.
© Comenius National Pedagogical Museum and Library 2013–2020


text:
NewsCanada
BC Supreme Court ends indefinite solitary confinement in federal prisons
Eric Zimmer
Jan 17 2018, 8:14 pm
boscorelli / Shutterstock
In what it hails as a "landmark moment for prison justice in Canada," the BC Civil Liberties Association (BCCLA) and John Howard Society of Canada (JHSC) announced today they won a nine-week long court case which challenged the use of solitary confinement in Canada's federal prisons.
The decision means an end to the practice of indefinitely isolating inmates in federal prisons across Canada.
"This is the most significant prison law decision from a trial court in Canadian history," said Jay Aubrey, a BCCLA lawyer. "It is a stunning decision that is grounded in… the best social science and medical evidence on the impact on inmates health of solitary confinement, and alternatives to solitary confinement."
For decades, "prisoners have suffered terribly in solitary confinement cells," said Caily DiPuma, Acting Litigation Director for the BCCLA. "Isolated for up to 23 hours a day, sometimes for months and years at a time, they have been harmed physically, mentally and spiritually."
The lawsuit that led to today's decision was filed in 2015 by the BCCLA and JHSC.
The case alleged that solitary confinement amounts to cruel and unusual punishment that leads to prisoner suffering and deaths, deprives prisoners of fundamental procedural protections, and is discriminatory against both mentally ill and Indigenous prisoners.
In Canada, one out of every four prisoners in the federal prison system has spent time in solitary confinement.
Also known as "segregation", the practice of isolating inmates for up to 23 hours a day was found by the United Nations to be a form of torture when used in excess of 15 days.
In Canada, prisoners have spent consecutive months and even years in solitary confinement.
The decision in favour of the BCCLA and JHSC today is the result of a nine-week trial in the summer of 2017.
Law "unconstitutional" and "discriminatory"
According to the BCCLA, the Court held that the laws are unconstitutional in that they permit prolonged, indefinite solitary confinement, fail to provide an independent review of segregation placements and deprive inmates of the right to counsel at segregation review hearings.
"The regime violates prisoners' Charter section 7 right to life because it places prisoners at increased risk of self-harm and suicide," said BCCLA in a release. "It violates their right to security of the person because it causes psychological and physical harm."
"The practice of solitary confinement is cruel, arbitrary, discriminatory and unconstitutional," said Catherine Latimer, JHSC's executive director. "The problems with solitary confinement have been obvious for decades, with recommendations for reform coming from all quarters of society."
After years of government inaction, she concluded, "today's court decision is a huge, and long overdue, win for prisoners."
In a statement on Wednesday, Federal Public Safety Minister Ralph Goodale said recent court decisions in both BC and Ontario were commenced under the previous government as a reaction to the overuse of "administrative segregation."
This current government, Goodale said, has new legislation before Parliament to "impose a presumptive time limit" on the use of segregation… and is improving the conditions of confinement and investing $57.8 million in better capacity to provide more effective treatment of mental illnesses."
This is why Canada is unlikely to end net neutrality like the US just did
It is now officially illegal to sell a locked smartphone in Canada


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Elizabeth II HAS REIGNED in a world moving swiftly through political shifts, cultural change and technological advances. Traditional institutions of law, religion and politics have suffered loss of ...
Elizabeth II (1952 - )
Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary was born at 17 Bruton Street, London on 21 April 1926. A happy childhood was spent with her parents, the Duke and Duchess of York, and younger sister Margaret Rose. ...
Edward VIII and George VI (1936 - 1952)
Edward VIII (1936) Edward, Prince of Wales, eldest son of George V and Queen Mary, was known to the family as 'David'. Charming and informal, he was a popular prince, touring Britain and the empire, ...
George V (1910 - 1936)
Edward vii's eldest son Albert died at the age of 28, and so it was his second son, George, who followed him as king. George had learned the navy's traditions of duty and. Blue-eyed, blunt, and ...
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Palmerston gold chocolate cups
English version » Masterpieces of the British Museum |
Сhocolate was brought to Europe by the Spanish after their conquest of the Aztec empire in 1521. It was an enormously expensive luxury, and only the richest in society could afford to drink it. This is the only known pair of chocolate cups made from gold. Most unusually, they are made from melted-down mourning rings, memorial objects that were normally passed down through families and kept as treasured mementoes. Lady Palmerston, however, took several rings that she had inherited to John Chartier, a leading Huguenot goldsmith, who melted them down and made the cups.
Inscriptions on the insides of the handles and base of the cups read: DULCIA NON MERUIT QUI NON GUSTAVIT AMARA (he has not deserved sweet unless he has tasted bitter) and MANIBUS SACRUM (to the shades of the departed); on the other Think on yr Friends and Death as the chief and MORTVIS LIBAMVR (let us drink to the dead).
Made in London, AD 1700
Ht 6,4 cm
Acquired with the aid of the National Heritage Memorial Fund, Art Fund and private donations


text:
Home Entertainment Movie Reviews Descent Film Review
Descent Film Review
Kam Williams
Mon August 6, 2007
desnyy
Rosario Dawson as Revenge-Minded Rape Victim
Maya (Rosario Dawson) is an honors student with a bright future at fictional Claremont College, at least until the fateful Fall she crosses paths with Jared (Chad Faust), a buff jock she meets one night at a party on campus. Beguiled by the exotic beauty of the ethnically-ambiguous brainiac, the handsome boy-most-likely makes a lame effort to win her with some transparent pickup lines.
Although she's initially put off by the flirtatious football player's amateurish overtures, against her better judgment, Maya still rewards his persistence by agreeing to see him again. After a couple of uneventful dates, she accepts an invitation back to his bachelor pad, only to see another side of the lecherous lothario suddenly emerge while they're canoodling.
She makes it clear that she's not ready for intimacy, yet Jared just won't take "no" for an answer. And at this juncture, he makes a Jekyll and Hyde transformation into a monster. Given his physique, Maya doesn't stand a chance when he decides to have his way with her, and during the brutal rape which ensues, the sicko adds insult to injury by referring to her by disparaging epithets such as "bitch" and "baboon" in an expletive-laced diatribe.
Maya is left too traumatized by the violation to report it to the authorities, and instead starts spiraling down a self-destructive path which includes drug abuse and sexual promiscuity. This sordid turn of events serve as the tragic prelude underpinning Descent, an intriguing character study which is as much a harrowing mood piece as it is a female empowerment revenge flick.
Rosario Dawson exhibits a previously unseen range, here, more than meeting the challenge of the most emotionally-demanding role of her career. This claustrophobic psychological thriller also marks the impressive writing/directorial debut by Talia Lugacy who has imbued her heroine with an inscrutability which keeps the viewer guessing and makes the denouement that much more shocking a reveal.
For, by the Spring semester, Maya's once perky persona has degenerated into the introspective edginess of a hopelessly tortured soul, a development that makes her motivations almost impossible to read. Sadly, she looks depressed as if she's merely going through the motions, even after landing a plum position with her favorite professor as teaching assistant.
Jared, who happens to be taking the course, is cocky as ever when Maya catches him cheating on a test. First, she threatens to report him to the dean, but eventually settles on luring the clueless creep to her lair for a surprise designed to even the score once and for all.
Excellent (4 stars)
Rated NC-17 for profanity, ethnic slurs and a brutal rape.
Studio: City Lights Media Group
Kam Williams is a popular and top NewsBlaze reviewer, our chief critic. Kam gives his unvarnished opinion on movies, DVDs and books, plus many in-depth and revealing celebrity interviews.
Sadly, Lloyd Kam Williams passed away in 2019, leaving behind a huge body of work focused on America's black entertainment community. We were as sad to hear of his passing as we were overjoyed to have him as part of our team.
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Arooba is an application built to streamline hiring, matchmaking, onboarding and HR tasks in the residential care space.
While there are no shortage of generalized tools for these tasks, they're all kind of clunky; the interfaces are messy, critical information is often concealed behind labyrinthine menus, and none address the unique needs of the healthcare industry.
We set out to create an application powerful enough to automate the bulk of application & certification processes, but intuitive enough to quickly bring a new manager up to speed on their organization's onboarding tasks. A toolset that demonstrated a clear hiring pipeline, and powerful matchmaking features to help healthcare professionals & organizations find the perfect fit — with all information accessible within three clicks.
We audited dozens of tools, and extensively interviewed recruiters, managers & caregivers at all levels to identify the pain-points in their day-to-day processes.
The end result is an elegantly designed ecosystem built from three components — the Recruiter Portal, the Applicant Portal, and the Posted Position.
Our goal was a visual identity that felt energetic and friendly, avoiding the institutional palettes of hospice wards.
Contemporary type, saturated colors and a mark referencing cellular mitosis formed the backbone of a visual language that felt tidy, competent and optimistic — like the best sort of caregiving environment.
The Recruiter Portal allows employers to design custom applications, keep tabs on current employees & past temp workers, and to track the hiring pipeline of each position.
Candidates are automatically added to each position's pipeline upon filling out an online application form. Clicking a position presents an overview of candidates, their attributes, and the status of their application.
Upon creating a position through the Application Designer, the job position is added to a centralized database, allowing prospective employees to search for positions that meet their criteria (by region, hours, compensation, skill requirements, and many more).
The Application Designer offers a number of pre-populated modules, as well as robust tools for customization.
After creating a position through the Application Designer, the application can be filled out via a direct hyperlink, or the search tools in the Applicant Portal.
The application process is designed to be as painless as possible, with visual indication of required field, instant feedback on completed modules, and fields that auto-fill from a prospective employee's resume — greatly reducing the tedium of filling out multiple applications.
Healthcare professionals are able to upload their resume and certification details (to auto-fill all future application forms), search for positions that match their criteria, and recieve realtime information on their place in the hiring pipeline — eliminating the annoyance of follow-up communications.


text:
Q: Is it possible to have 2 different but equal size real number sets that have the same mean and standard deviation? By inspection I notice that

*

*Shifting does not change the standard deviation but change mean.
{1,3,4} has the same standard deviation as {11,13,14} for example.

*Sets with the same (or reversed) sequence of adjacent difference have the same standard deviation. For example, {1,3,4}, {0,2,3}, {0,1,3} have the same standard deviation. But the means are different.
My conjecture: There are no two distinct sets with the same length, mean and standard deviation.
Question
Is it possible to have 2 different but equal size real number sets that have the same mean and standard deviation?

A: You seem to like the set $\{1,3,4\}$.  Here are six more three element sets having the same mean and standard deviation as your given set.  \begin{align*}
 &\frac{202}{171} & &\frac{1}{171} \left(583+\sqrt{19842}\right) & &\frac{1}{171}
   \left(583-\sqrt{19842}\right) \\
 &\frac{688}{171} & &\frac{1}{171} \left(340+\sqrt{27861}\right) & &\frac{1}{171}
   \left(340-\sqrt{27861}\right) \\
 &\frac{544}{171} & &\frac{1}{171} \left(412-\sqrt{62421}\right) & &\frac{1}{171}
   \left(412+\sqrt{62421}\right) \\
 &\frac{32}{19} & &\frac{1}{19} \left(60-\sqrt{581}\right) & &\frac{1}{19}
   \left(60+\sqrt{581}\right) \\
 &\frac{27}{19} & &\frac{1}{38} \left(125-\sqrt{1689}\right) & &\frac{1}{38}
   \left(125+\sqrt{1689}\right) \\
 &-\frac{2}{3} \left(-4+\sqrt{7}\right) & &\frac{1}{6} \left(16+2 \sqrt{7}\right) &
   &\frac{1}{3} \left(8+\sqrt{7}\right)
\end{align*}
and, more generally, let $(x,y)$ be any point on the ellipse given by the equation
$$  x^2 + xy + y^2 -8x -8y + 19 = 0  $$
and set $z = 8 - x - y$.  This triple of values has the same mean and standard deviation as does $\{1,3,4\}$.  (This is found by eliminating $z$ from the system mean$(x,y,z) = {}$mean$(1,3,4)$ and stddev$(x,y,z) = {}$stddev$(1,3,4)$, i.e., $x+y+z = 8, x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - xz - yz = 7$.)

A: $-2,-1,3$ and $-3,1,2$ both have a mean of $0$ and a standard deviation of $\sqrt\frac{14}{3}$.

A: Yes. Two sets of numbers has the same mean and the same SD iff their sum and the sum of their squares match.
The set $\{1,2,3\}$ has sum $6$ and squares' sum $14$. The set $\{x,y,z\}$ the same mean and SD iff
$$\begin{cases}x+y+z=6\\x^2+y^2+z^2=14\end{cases}$$
This is the intersection of a spherical surface and a sectioning plane, that has certainly infinitely many points.

A: There are an infinite number of 3 element real number sets with any given real mean and any given positive real standard diviation.
Without loss of generality lets assume that $\mu = 0$ and $\sigma = 1$. Once we have a soloution set for these parameters we can find one for any parameters by scaling it to get the desired standard deviation, then shifting it to get the desired mean
$$x + y + z = 0$$
$$\frac{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}{3} - 0 = 1$$
$$x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 3$$
We have two equations and 3 unknowns, so lets treat x as a parameter and solve for y and z.
$$y = -x -z$$
$$x^2 + (-x -z)^2 + z^2 = 3$$
$$x^2 + (x^2 + 2xz +z^2) + z^2 = 3$$
$$2z^2 + 2xz + (2x^2 -3) = 0$$
$$z = \frac{-2x\pm\sqrt{(2x)^2-8(2x^2-3)}}{4}$$
$$z = \frac{-2x\pm\sqrt{4x^2-16x^2+24}}{4}$$
$$z = \frac{-2x\pm\sqrt{-12x^2+24}}{4}$$
For this to have real soloutions we need the following inequality to hold.
$$-12x^2+24 \geqslant 0$$
$$12x^2 \leqslant 24 $$
$$x^2 \leqslant 2 $$
$$- \sqrt{2} \leqslant x \leqslant \sqrt{2} $$
There are an infinite number of $x$ values that satisfy this inequality, therefore there are an infinite number of sets of 3 real numbers with $\mu = 0$ and $\sigma = 1$ therefore there are an infinite number of sets of three real numbers with any given real mean and any given positive* real standard deviation.
* Negative standard diviations don't make any sense, and a zero standard deviation means all numbers are equal.

A: A simple way to find a counterexample to the conjecture is to focus on sets whose values are symmetrical about zero.  This ensures that the two sets have the same mean, and also simplifies calculation of their standard deviations.
Let $a,b$ be any real numbers.  Then the set $\{a,b,-a,-b\}$ has mean zero and SD $\sqrt{(2a^2+2b^2)/4}$.  Now let $c$ be any real number not equal to any member of that set and such that $c^2 < a^2+b^2$.  Let $d$ be given by:
$$d = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2 - c^2}$$
implying $a^2 + b^2 = c^2 + d^2$.  Then the set $\{c,d,-c,-d\}$ has the same mean and SD.

A: The example by auscrypt settles the question, but maybe it's worth mentioning why this should be obvious by considering degrees of freedom.
Mean and standard deviation are two quantities.  A collection of $m$ real numbers has $m$ degrees of freedom.  Specifying the mean and standard deviation removes two degrees of freedom, leaving $m-2$.  So as long as  $m > 2$, there should still be lots of room to have
different sets with the same mean and standard deviation.
EDIT: This was intended as a heuristic, rather than a proof, but rigorous arguments can be made.  For example, suppose $A$ and $B$ are two $m$-tuples with
the same mean, such that $\sigma(A) > \sigma(B)$ (where $\sigma$ denotes standard deviation), $C$ and $D$ two $m$-tuples with the same mean such that $\sigma(C) < \sigma(D)$.  Then for any $t$, $t A + (1-t) C$ and $t B + (1-t) D$ have the same
mean, and (by the Intermediate Value Theorem) there exists $t \in [0,1]$ such that they have the same standard deviation.  If $A-B$ and $C-D$ are linearly independent these will not be the same.

A: Let $A = \{x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n\}$ add up to $n\mu$.
Then $B = \{2\mu-x_1, 2\mu-x_2, \dots, 2\mu-x_n\}$ will also add up to $n\mu$.
We will also have
\begin{align}
   \sum_{i=1}^n (2\mu - x_i)^2
   &= 4n\mu^2 -4\mu\sum_{i=1}^n x_i + \sum_{i=1}^n x_i^2\\
   &= 4n\mu^2 - 4n\mu^2 + \sum_{i=1}^n x_i^2\\
   &= \sum_{i=1}^n x_i^2
\end{align}
Hence the sets $A$ and $B$ have the same mean and standard deviation.
As a side note, the $i^{th}$ and $(n+1-i)^{th}$ rows of many $n\times n$ magic squares, when $n$ is odd, have this property.

A: It is possible, and a classical example that uses this fact to illustrate that simple descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation can mislead you, is the Anscombe's quartet. It comprises four sets of eleven (x,y) points that have the same: mean and standard deviation (in x and y), same correlation, same linear regression parameters, and same R-squared, yet are qualitatively very different.

A:     /*
     * you can generate samples as fibonacci series for any given mu and sigma as follows.
     */
    static double[] fibonacci_samples(int n, double mu, double sigma)
    {
        double[] x= new double[n];
        double shift = mu;
        double scale = Math.Sqrt(
            n * sigma * sigma
            / (
                (1 - fibonacci(n + 1)) * (1 - fibonacci(n + 1)) * (1 + fibonacci(n - 1) * fibonacci(n - 2))
                + 2 * (1 - fibonacci(n + 1)) * fibonacci(n) * (fibonacci(n - 1) * fibonacci(n - 1) - (n + 1) % 2)
                + fibonacci(n) * fibonacci(n) * fibonacci(n) * fibonacci(n - 1))
            );

        double min = (1 - fibonacci(n + 1));
        double max = fibonacci(n) ;

        for (int i=0; i < n; i++)
        {
            x[i] = shift + min * scale;
            max = max + min;
            min = max - min;
        }
        return x;
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Detrick's Car Wash is the #1 car wash on the Grand Strand, washing over 130,000 cars per year. With multiple locations, there's sure to be one close to Pawleys Island. Detrick's provides every car wash service available in the car wash industry to meet the needs of our Pawleys Island customers. Detrick's is proud of our professional reputation specializing in the car wash business and dedicated to satisfying all our customers from in and around Pawleys Island. Detrick's Premier Car Wash has been voted the Best car wash in the Grand Strand for the years of 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014. We guarantee a clean car or we'll wash it again for free! Residents of Pawleys Island will find the Paradise Pass, which allows unlimited car washes, a great option.


I am ridiculously competitive and quite a sucker for a good challenge (…as in…any challenge). So, last year, when many of the bloggers I liked (mainly Hero and Kelli – check out their sites!), took up reading challenges, I had to join in. I set my goal to 40-75 books, and barely scraped in 40.
That was pretty disappointing, since I love books and consider myself an avid reader. I looked back and realized I fell off the reading bandwagon sometime around when I started high school, presumably when I began attending co-op. Since I was focusing on school, I felt like I couldn't be too hard on myself for not reading.
So, my only goal for this year is to read more books than I did last year. I'm also journaling a brief response to each of them, since I have found that helps me as a writer by creating a sort-of information bank.
Thus far in 2014 I have read 13 books, compared to the 9 I had at this point last year. I'd say things are looking good.


If you are looking for a one-of-a-kind way to show your love, nothing can top a romantic mountain proposal picnic. Sky Safaris offers couples the chance to experience a magical scenic flight over KwaZulu-Natal's most breathtaking landscapes, finishing with a picnic for two on top of a mountain. Ideal for those wanting to go all out with the type of proposal that will be treasured for a lifetime, a mountain proposal picnic is truly a special experience for any couple. This proposal is especially suited to nature lovers and anyone else who relishes the beauty of KwaZulu-Natal and its changing landscapes. If this is starting to sound like a dream come true for you and your beloved, keep reading to find out more about what this experience entails.
Why Plan a Mountain Proposal Picnic?
Begin with a scenic flight.
This adventure begins with a scenic helicopter flight. You and your love will be able to fly at a low level along some of KZN's spectacular landscapes, flying over the Umgeni River and continuing through the Valley of a Thousand Hills. This flight alone is something that everyone should try at least once in a lifetime, giving you memories (and photographs!) that you can both look back on for the rest of your married life.
Enjoy an intimate picnic for two.
As your flight comes to an end, your pilot will land on top of the mountain, in a spot that offers 360-degree views of the valley that stretches out as far as the eye can see. You and your love will be able to sip champagne and take in views that are astounding in their natural beauty. From here, you can get creative on how you want to ask the most important question you could ever ask your favourite person in your life.
Propose in a way that will never be forgotten.
Proposals are meant to be special. Although every couple and situation is unique, one thing remains the same… the setting for your proposal is one that you will never forget. If you have been battling to find the right way to ask your love to be your partner forever, it is always useful to have a few tricks up your sleeve. The combination of scenic flight, mountain views and high altitude combine to create an unforgettable moment. This is quite simply as romantic as it gets for couples in South Africa's beautiful KZN region.
The scenic flight takes around 40 minutes, while the picnic can be enjoyed for up to an hour. By the time that hour is up, your love is sure to have said 'yes'. This experience can be booked for two to six passengers per trip, with picnics available per couple. For more information on costs and bookings, visit our official Picnic on a Mountain page or contact us to start planning your mountain proposal picnic today.
In order to succeed in anything, you have to be committed enough to work hard to achieve your goals, and it is our limitless passion and our enthusiasm and excitement that are key features of our truly unique flight experiences.