The Interfaculty Department of Geoinformatics – Z_GIS based at the University of Salzburg celebrated its 30th anniversary with two dedicated events, a GIScience Symposium and a Ceremonial Act on October 25, 2018. More than 200 participants enjoyed these special occasions supported by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, the University of Salzburg and Land Salzburg.
The GIScience Symposium started with an inspirational keynote by Michael F. Goodchild, entitled 'GISCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY: AN EVOLVING RELATIONSHIP'. This was followed by a veritable firework display of 'geospatial' flashlight presentations on Recent and Future Trends, from GeoAnalytics, Infrastructures, Maps, Education, Mobility, Terrain, Image Classification to Organisations & People by J. Wilson, K. Greve, G. Gartner, A. Car, St. Kollarits, G.Tang, M. Belgiu, and J. Petch.
The Ceremonial Act at the Salzburg Residenz highlighted Z_GIS' and Prof. Josef Strobl's achievements, the latter honoured by Prof. Thomas Blaschke in a laudatio, followed by personal video messages from national and international partners and institutions. Prof Strobl was awarded the distinction 'Ehrenzeichen des Landes' in the course of this celebration.
'This day was an opportunity to reflect on and also enjoy the successes achieved through numerous outcomes from projects, from developing institutional and personal networks, and professional cooperation as well as communication. I hope that the recognition of Z_GIS' institutional standing expressed by PLUS and Salzburg leadership also serves as a motivation to continue with our ambitions and plans, and to keep building upon our achievements' , stated Sepp Strobl.
The arrival of GIS changed a discipline – Geography. By any measure, Geoinformatics @ Salzburg has been remarkably productive in the past 30 years. Discoveries emerged rapidly, while acceptance took decades, with Geoinformatics having arrived on the institutional landscape much more recently.
The first part of this day will be dedicated to a SCIENTIFIC COLLOQUIUM, starting with a keynote by the leading scientist in this field (Michael F. Goodchild, Member National Academy of Sciences US, several honorary doctoral degrees), and will be followed by short contributions from 10 early scholars and colleagues showcasing highlights of the advancement of fundamental guiding principles and future trends impacting society. These scholars have been selected carefully to provide different perspectives. The second part will be a dedicated CEREMONIAL ACT at the Salzburg Residenz.
Disclaimer: Sollten bei der Veranstaltung Fotos und/oder Filme durch den Veranstalter gemacht werden, erkläre ich mit meiner Teilnahme meine ausdrückliche unentgeltliche und unbefristete Zustimmung zur Nutzung, Veröffentlichung, Vervielfältigung und sonstigen Verbreitung. Diese Zustimmung kann jederzeit schriftlich widerrufen werden.


Dr. Paul Marik (left) discusses patient care with medical students and resident physicians during morning rounds at Sentara Norfolk General Hospital in 2014 in Norfolk, Va.
Marik's solution includes a steroid (left) combined with vitamin C (right) and a few other ingredients.
In early 2017, Dr. Paul Marik announced that he had started using a treatment that he says was saving the lives of most of his sepsis patients. The claims were so audacious, Marik says, some doctors called it snake oil.
"There obviously was enormous resistance at the beginning," he says, "but it seems that with time, people started thinking about it and saying, 'maybe this isn't as outrageous as we first thought.' "
The treatment is a cocktail of intravenous vitamin C, vitamin B1 (thiamine) and corticosteroids. The use of vitamin C in sepsis was pioneered by Dr. Alpha Fowler at Virginia Commonwealth University. Marik has been using the combination treatment since 2016 at his hospital in Norfolk, Va., where he also teaches at the Eastern Virginia Medical School.
"At last count, over 700 patients have received the cocktail and, you know, the response is reproducible," Marik says. He says the treatment has had no consequential side effects.
Some other doctors around the nation have also been trying it on their patients, but most are waiting for hard science to decide whether Marik's experience is just a fluke.
That evidence could come from two large studies now underway in the United States. Both are being conducted according to the gold standard of medical science: Some patients get the treatment, others get a placebo, and neither the patients nor doctors know who gets what.
The stakes are enormous, given the number of people who die of sepsis.
"This is something which, if proved to be true, would be a game-changer, almost a miracle cure, honestly," says Dr. Craig Coopersmith, a critical care surgeon at Emory University and a member of the team running one of the two sepsis studies, the VICTAS Study.
Planning research like this takes significant effort and funding. The effort involved figuring out which patients would be included and orchestrating patient care and data collection from 24 to 40 different hospitals. Competitive grants through the National Institutes of Health often take years to land, so instead this trial reached out to the Marcus Foundation in Atlanta (funded by family members of the Home Depot fortune).
"We've all been pretty much working 24/7 on this for the past three to five months," says Dr. Richard Rothman, a professor of emergency medicine at the Johns Hopkins hospital in Baltimore, who is a leader of the VICTAS study.
Marik has a biologically plausible explanation for how his protocol could work. He says the sepsis reaction generates large amounts of a damaging molecule called reactive oxygen, which vitamin C neutralizes.
When Marik published his protocol in early 2017, Coopersmith was in the wait-and-see camp. But as he became involved in planning the study, he decided to get some hands-on experience with the protocol, working with patients in his hospital.
Some patients he treated with it died. But he also tells the story of a man who was "so sick that we actually had to flip him upside down to get enough oxygen into his body," Coopersmith says. "His kidneys had failed. His liver wasn't working, his bone marrow wasn't working and statistically his chance of dying was nearly 100 percent."
Coopersmith gave the man the Marik cocktail and his condition quickly reversed. Six days later he was off of the ventilator that had been keeping him breathing, and on the seventh day he was well enough to leave the intensive care unit.
"We would call it a miracle cure," Coopersmith says. "What we don't know is [whether] he was going to get better independent of the vitamin C, steroids and thiamine — or did that make him better."
At the same time, doctors at the Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center are launching another large study, involving 13 hospitals. They got a $3 million grant from the Open Philanthropy Project to study the Marik protocol.
"Our goal is to complete this trial within a year from now," says Dr. Michael Donnino, who is leading that study. As of the end of April, he had enrolled 11 patients at his hospital. Hospitals in New York state and Michigan launched the study at their institutions this week.
The parallel studies will help make whatever answer emerges all the more credible, Donnino says. Reproducibility is the keystone of science.
"Having another trial out there I think is great," he says.
Both research trials have outside experts sitting on boards that will monitor data and safety; they will periodically take a peek at the accumulating data. If the results are as dramatic as Marik gets in his hospital — or on the other hand clearly futile — the studies could be called off early.
"And either way, it will change practice across the United States and across the world," Coopersmith says. He guesses that around 10-20 percent of intensive-care specialists are currently using the Marik cocktail.
There's reason for both optimism and for caution. There have been more than 100 studies of proposed treatments for sepsis over the years, and previous results that seemed promising at first flopped after further examination. But the potential upside is beguiling: a lifesaving treatment that's affordable.
"It's not going to be the equivalent of a new drug in cancer or hepatitis, which costs $50,000 to $100,000 and you have to make the decision if insurance doesn't cover it, whether or not to mortgage the house and give away your inheritance," Coopersmith says. "This is something that's going to be very, very cheap and accessible throughout the world."
That is, if it works.
NPR has learned that hospitals in Michigan and New York this week started testing an experimental treatment that could tackle one of the leading causes of death in the U.S. More than 700 Americans die every day from sepsis. This is when the body rages out of control in a desperate effort to fight infection. Last year, one respected doctor said he had developed an effective treatment. His claim is now being put to the test in large, carefully designed studies. NPR's Richard Harris reports.
RICHARD HARRIS, BYLINE: The researcher is Dr. Paul Marik, and his claims of an effective treatment for deadly sepsis were so audacious, Marik says, some doctors called it snake oil.
PAUL MARIK: There obviously was enormous resistance at the beginning, but it seems that, you know, with time, you know, people started thinking about it and saying, you know what? Maybe this is not so outrageous as we first thought.
HARRIS: The treatment involves a cocktail of intravenous vitamin C, thiamine and steroids. He has a scientific explanation for how it could work and continues to use it at his hospital in Norfolk, Va., where he teaches at the Eastern Virginia Medical School.
MARIK: At last count, over 700 patients have received the cocktail. And, you know, the response is reproducible.
HARRIS: A year later, he's still getting his remarkable results. Doctors elsewhere have also been trying it on their patients, but most are waiting for real, hard science to decide whether Marik's experience is just a fluke. That evidence could come from a gold standard of medical science, a study where some patients get the treatment, others get a placebo and neither the patients nor doctors know who got what.
RICHARD ROTHMAN: We've all been pretty much working 24/7 on this for the past, I guess, like, three to five months.
HARRIS: Dr. Richard Rothman at Johns Hopkins is helping head up one of those careful studies involving at least two dozen hospitals. One of his collaborators at Emory University, Craig Coopersmith, has eagerly been pushing to get the study off the ground since he first read of Marik's success.
CRAIG COOPERSMITH: And so this is something which if proved to be true would absolutely be a game-changer, almost a miracle cure, honestly.
HARRIS: Dr. Coopersmith was in the wait-and-see camp after the first results were published, but he decided to get some hands-on experience with the protocol before the formal launch of the study. He has had patients die, but he also tells the story of one man in his hospital.
COOPERSMITH: So sick that we actually had to flip him upside down to get enough oxygen into his body. His kidneys had failed. His liver wasn't working. His bone marrow wasn't working. And statistically, his chance of dying was nearly 100 percent.
HARRIS: Coopersmith gave the man the Marik cocktail, and his condition quickly reversed. Within a week, he was well enough to leave the intensive care unit.
COOPERSMITH: So it would be something that we would call a miracle cure. What we don't know is, was he going to get better independent of the vitamin C, steroids and thiamine, or did that make him better?
HARRIS: The answer to that question requires a rigorous study. Theirs is funded by a private foundation. It will soon be enrolling hundreds of patients in Atlanta, Baltimore, and elsewhere. His team is not the only one pursuing this question. Doctors at Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Deaconess got money from another foundation to study the sepsis treatment protocol at 13 hospitals. Dr. Michael Donnino says his hospital has already treated 11 patients, and three other hospitals in Michigan and New York opened their studies for patients just this week.
MICHAEL DONNINO: We're ramping up very quickly here and looking forward to getting results.
HARRIS: He expects to have those in about a year. The parallel studies will help make whatever answer results all the more credible and robust, he says. Reproducibility is the keystone of science.
DONNINO: Having another trial out there, I think, is great.
HARRIS: Both trials have outside experts who will take a peek at the accumulating data from time to time. If the results are as dramatic as Dr. Marik gets in his hospital, or, on the other hand, clearly futile, the studies could be called off early, Coopersmith says.
COOPERSMITH: And, either way, it will change practice across the United States and across the world.
HARRIS: Richard Harris, NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


R&G's Race Series Engine Case Covers, specially developed at the request of race teams and riders alike.
They include a replaceable puck or slider on the impact face, giving the case not only more meat to grind through to further enhance the protection offered by a standard R&G Engine Case Cover but also offering an easy low-cost fix should you only have a "minor" slide, crash or drop.
Engineered to allow just the "puck" to be replaced and your cover to be reused again and again! Crafted from 4mm polypropylene for strength, durability (and good looks), they complement our crash protectors perfectly.


COIL PASS INSTALLATION METHOD During this typical installation method, the coil of composite material is passed between two installers on either side of the pipe.
During this typical installation method, the coil of composite material is passed between two installers on either side of the pipe.
In the mid-1980s, natural gas pipeline operators in North America were intimately involved in the development of a technology to repair pipelines as an alternative to traditional methods. A steering committee of industry experts was convened in 1987 with the purpose of considering the use of composite technology as a means to mitigate pipeline integrity concerns in regard to the pressure containing ability of the pipe.
The criteria to investigate were identified. A program of research and development efforts was established. The following decade was used to demonstrate both the short-term viability of the technology, as well as long-term engineering parameters and permanency of targeted repairs.
Many components and architectures were considered. Many alternative designs were rejected due to deficiencies with regard to specific technical requirements. Following several iterations, one product with a rather specific architecture, design and specific constituent components was identified as acceptable. The industry has used this technology extensively since commercial introduction in the early 1990s.
The primary goal of the research and development program was to develop a minimally invasive, low-risk means to quickly and permanently repair blunt metal loss anomalies on high-pressure pipelines. Various traditional repair methods had been in wide spread usage for several decades, each requiring the use of hot work, welding, cutting and related technologies, which raised concerns. A method of repairing pipe using modern composite technology would eliminate these concerns. The true goal of this effort was worker, land owner and public safety, while mitigating the risks associated with pipeline repairs.
Many specific technical issues needed to be considered and addressed for proper validation of the long-term performance for any proposed technology. Field variables had to be minimized to insure that each and every repair was and would remain fully functional. The engineering properties needed to be clearly identified, critical engineering assessment documented and verification completed, and each required to maximize pipeline integrity and maximize the safety of the pipeline, workers and the public.
Here, a spool feeder operates in a "bell-hole," showing how this simple tool eases installation in limited excavation areas.
A pre-cured, composite system was developed. It has been widely used around the globe for the last 20 years. The technology that was envisioned and developed by the North American pipeline industry has produced benefits in North America and approximately 80 other countries around the globe. The system has proven to be remarkably trouble-free. It has consistently met the original goal. It is a safe, efficacious repair system that augments pipeline integrity and pipeline safety.
Figure 1 shows a typical installation in progress. This method is known as the "coil pass" method as the coil of composite material is literally passed between two installers on either side of the pipe. Eight layers of composite material are always used. The repairs are permanent and may be installed in as few as 15 minutes per application.
An occasional pipeline anomaly is encountered where clearance around the pipe is limited. This may be due to immovable bedrock below the pipeline, difficult terrain or other local issues that make passing the coil around the pipe a less than optimal method of installation.
A spool feeder device has been developed to ease installation and eliminate the constraints of tight clearance issues around the pipe in such situations. With this simple tool, only a few centimeters of clearance under the pipe are required. The device and installation method is shown in Figure 2.
The benefits of this simple device and installation technique are many. The workers on-site enjoy a less physically demanding repair. This ensures that quality is maintained at the highest of levels. Time and cost of excavation can be minimized. The asset-owner controls costs. The contracting company, crew or gang doing the actual field work will be able to complete work at each site quickly and efficiently. They can then move to other required tasks. Further, as the predictability of repair time is improved, project managers can better schedule crews and assets. Finally, the public interest is served with high quality integrity works, coupled with minimum of risk and the inconvenience associated with open trenches. Safety regulators (state or provincial, national or local) are well satisfied that all stakeholders are being well served. They are well familiar with this technology and its history of success and performance.
Despite all of these many benefits regarding safety, integrity and ease of installation, the technology would not be commercially successful if it were found to be unduly expensive. Many pipeline operators have adopted this repair technology as their primary integrity repair system. They not only gain safety and integrity while minimizing risk, they use the technology as it also reduces the time and costs for repairs.
A spool feeder device eliminates the constraints of tight clearance issues around the pipe, requiring only a few centimeters of clearance under the pipe to operate.
More than 25 years ago the North American pipeline industry united in an effort to evaluate new technology and consider application of technology to the field of pipeline integrity. One of the technologies and products developed has been extensively put to use. All stakeholders have enjoyed benefits. Pipeline integrity and public safety have been augmented. The asset owner has received benefits of reduced open ditch time and reduced costs. The field repair crews have learned new skills, minimized physical challenges which require endurance and strength, resulting in less fatigue with fewer errors, resulting in improved quality and safety.
Ultimately, utility rate-payers have benefited with a consistent supply of product and attractive total costs. The pipeline industry of North America sent their best and brightest people to participate in the project a quarter-century ago. Today, the public is still collecting the dividends of these investments.


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Mugshots.com Writing Staff. Shafter, CA – Alejandro Aguilar is wanted by police in Shafter, California on two counts of First Degree Murder and two counts of Attempted Murder. He is also wanted by the FBI for Unlawful Flight to Avoid Prosecution. He has been placed on the FBI Most Wanted—Murders list. The FBI is offering a reward of up to $20,000 for information leading to his arrest.
Aguilar is being sought for his involvement in the October 9, 2009 shooting of four men in Shafter, California. According to investigators, the shooting resulted in the deaths of two victims and injury to two others.
On October 10, 2009, an arrest warrant was issued for him after he was charged with two counts of Murder in the First Degree and two counts of Attempt Murder. On May 18, 2010, a federal arrest warrant was issued for him by the U.S. District Court, Eastern District of California, Bakersfield, California after he was charged with Unlawful Flight to Avoid Prosecution.
Aguilar is described as a white (Hispanic) male with black hair and brown eyes. He is 5'5" to 5'6" tall and weighs approximately 120 to 130 pounds. He is a U.S. national born in California on February 24, 1992. He is known to have a tattoo on his forearm and uses the alias Alex Aguilar.
Investigators believe that he fled to Mexico.
Authorities warn that he should be Considered Armed and Dangerous. Do not attempt to capture him if spotted. If you spot him or have any information about Alejandro Aguilar or his whereabouts, you are urged to contact the FBI Sacramento Field Office or the nearest American Embassy or Consulate.
The following Official Record of MUGSHOTS.COM - ** FUGITIVE MANHUNT ** BOLO ** is being redistributed by Mugshots.com and is protected by constitutional, publishing, and other legal rights. This Official Record was collected on 3/14/2017.


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Q: salesforce scratch org push showing error when I am trying to push my code on scratch org its showing error:
public with sharing class HospitalController {

    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
    public static string getAllHospitals(){
        try {
            return [SELECT Hospital_Name__c, Branch__c, Address__c FROM Hospital__c
            WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED];
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new AuraHandledException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

following error showing :

Error HospitalController Invalid type: Schema.Hospital__c (14:20)
Error showHospitals      Unable to find Apex action class referenced as 'HospitalController'.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Minestrone is an iconic Italian dish, but its roots are in cucina povera. From such humble beginnings came one of the best soups in the world.
Heat the olive oil in a large pot over medium-high heat. When the oil shimmers, add the carrots, celery, onion and garlic. Cook until they soften and the onion becomes translucent. Then add the zucchini and cook until the zucchini softens. Add the beans and 5 cups (1.25 L) of water and bring to a boil. Reduce the heat to medium, add the spinach and Swiss chard and cook for about 45 minutes to an hour, depending on how you like the texture of your vegetables.
Turn off the heat. Add salt and pepper to taste, cover the pot with a lid and let it rest on the stove for another hour. Just before serving, add the basil leaves and give it a good mix.
Drizzle each serving with olive oil and sprinkle with some Parmigiano.
I don't call for stock. I use water because as you cook the vegetables the water becomes richly flavored. But if you have some on hand and want to use it, be my guest.


The ALTER SYSTEM CANCEL SQL command was introduced in Oracle Database 18c to cancel a SQL statement in a session, providing an alternative to killing a rogue session. If you ultimately have to kill the session, that is discussed here.
The basic syntax of the ALTER SYSTEM CANCEL SQL statement is show below.
If the INST_ID is omitted, it is assumed you mean the current instance. If the SQL_ID is omitted, it is assumed you mean the SQL that is currently running in the specified session. Some of the variations are shown below.
-- Current SQL in session on this instance.
-- Current SQL in session on instance with INST_ID = 1.
-- Specified SQL in session on this instance.
-- Specified SQL in session on instance with INST_ID = 1.
All four pieces of information can be retrieved from the GV$SESSION view, as shown below.
Cancelling a SQL statement in a background session can be very destructive, so be very careful when identifying the session and SQL.
Identify the offending session and SQL using the GV$SESSION view. The following query joins to the GV$PROCESS view to get the SPID column, which is not really necessary for this command.
The SID, SERIAL#, INST_ID and SQL_ID values of the relevant session can then be substituted into the commands in the previous sections.


Richard Lister has been re-elected as chairman of NPA for a second three-year term, with Norfolk farmer Rob Mutimer elected as his vice chairman.
Mr Lister, who farms in North Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire with 3,300 sows over four units, was re-elected as the NPA board met for the first time since the association's elections in February.
Mr Mutimer, who has 700 outdoor sows in North Norfolk, alongside a butchery business and sits on the AHDB Pork board, replaces former chairman Richard Longthorp, who steps down after three years as vice chairman and, before that, three years as chairman.
Mr Longthorp, who has been an influential figure in the NPA since its formation nearly 20 years ago, will continue to serve on the NPA Producer Group (PG). He was elected as NPA chairman in 2012.
Richard Lister said: "I am honoured to be elected to continue as NPA chairman during what will be a defining three years for the pig industry. With a superb staff team and strong new Producer and Allied Industry Groups elected by members, the association is well placed to rise to the challenges ahead.
"I am delighted that Rob has been elected as vice chairman – he will bring a great deal of knowledge and common sense to the role.
"I also want to pay tribute to the work of Richard Longthorp, who has made a massive contribution to the NPA and the pig industry as chairman and vice chairman over the years. No-one epitomises the straight-talking, no-nonsense, get-on-with-the-job attitude of the pig industry more than Richard.
"The Colonel, who has been in the thick of it since the late-1990s days of the British Pig Industry Support Group, has always fought the industry's corner, never taking a backward step, and, more often than not, delivering results.


Kapalama Elementary School is located at the mouth of the Kalihi Valley. The school community is multi-ethnic, and a substantial number of its students come from outside the school's normal attendance area. Kapalama is the third largest elementary school in the Honolulu District. The parents, faculty, staff and students all nurture children's self-esteem and promote children's interest in literacy and critical thinking. Kapalama Elementary School annually conducts a curriculum fair to display student work and to promote better understanding of standards-based learning. We have a well recognized chorus that performs at various sites across Oahu and participate in after school sports tournaments. The collaboration of the school community provided the foundation for being recognized as the Frito-Lay Honolulu District Outstanding Elementary School, 1996-97, and for receiving the 1995 PTA Advocate for Children's Award.
Kapalama Elementary School's Summary of Progress Report shows how teaching, learning and assessments are being based and aligned to Hawaii State Standards and Benchmarks. It summarizes progress made in accomplishing school improvement goals.
Kapalama Elementary School's Student Profile describes the school's Fall Enrollment, Number and Percent of students enrolled for the entire school year, Number and Percent of students receiving free or reduced-cost lunch, Number and Percent of students in Special Education programs, Number and Percent of students with Limited English Proficiency and Percent of Kindergarteners who attended Preschool.
Kapalama Elementary School's Ethnicity report focuses on giving the number and percent of students enrolled by race. It describes the population of the 13 common races as well as other foreign races usually enrolled in a school.
Kapalama Elementary School's Enrollment Statistics shows the no. of students enrolled in each year. Animated graph is used to easily determine how enrollment fluctuates every year.
Kapalama Elementary School's facility report shows total number and shortage of classrooms if any. It also shows comprehensive condition of the facilities like building exterior, building interior, grounds, sanitation etc. through its Inspection rating.
Kapalama Elementary School's Attendance & Absences shows the average daily attendance and average daily absences compared to the State Standard.
Kapalama Elementary School's Retention is also included in this report where it shows the percent(%) of students retained in every school year.
Kapalama Elementary School's Suspension report shows the number of students being suspended. Offenses are categorized into "Class" depending on the nature of violation committed. Class - D, for light violation and Class - A for grave offense.
Kapalama Elementary School's Certified Staff report includes Teaching Staff, Professional Teacher Credentials, Students per Teaching Staff and Administrative and Student Services Staff. It gives details on teacher headcount, teacher in regular and special instruction, no. of teachers serving the school for more than 5 years, no. of fully licensed teachers, librarians and counsellors.
Kapalama Elementary School's Test scores covers Hawaii Content and Performance Standards (HCPS) and SAT9/TerraNova. Scores are given based on the grade level and the no. of students tested in a given year.


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Getting science into Australia's culture
Last updated September 3, 2019 at 12:11 pm
Topics: News / Events
In his Ralph Slatyer address, Peter Yates, chairman of the Royal Institution of Australia and the Australian Science Media Centre, talks about the important relationship between science and communication.
The Ralph Slatyer Address on Science and Society is presented every year by an eminent Australian by invitation of the Co-operative Research Centres Association. The CRC Association is a not-for-profit organisation promoting the pursuit of science by the Australian Government's CRC Program. The Ralph Slatyer address is named in honour of Australia's first Chief Scientist and instigator of the CRC Programme.
In 2019 Peter Yates, chairman of The Royal Institution of Australia, and Australian Science Media Centre, was invited to talk about getting science's message embedded into Australia's culture. Read his speech here.
I'm honoured to have been invited to deliver the 2019 Ralph Slatyer Address. It is wonderful to have here both Professor Slatyer's daughter, Judy, who is Chief Executive Officer of the Red Cross and son Tony who is well known for his work domestically and internationally in water resources policy.
Ralph Slatyer's belief in science research centres
Professor Slatyer would be gratified; the extraordinary man he was. For him, a distinguished career in science wasn't enough, he went further, to make an even greater contribution as a man of society. The subject of this address, Science and Society, is both a fitting and thankful nod to his impressive legacy. Might I also comment wearing my FTSE hat that I am using "science" as a short hand for science and engineering
Well what do we know about Professor Slatyer? Of course he was Australia's first Chief Scientist, appointed to this role in 1989 by the late Prime Minister Bob Hawke. But Ralph Slatyer was also an early and passionate environmentalist and an advocate for nuclear energy, particularly storage in Australia.
Back in 2014, giving this address, also here in Adelaide, Bob Hawke noted:
"Ralph already had an outstanding career, by the time I appointed him… as the Chief Scientist… .One of the central goals of that government was to promote excellence in Australian science, research and innovation and to more effectively apply research findings to the creation of our national wealth."
But, Ralph Slatyer quickly recognised that to grow our national economy we needed to increase our export base from lower value-added mining and agriculture to higher value-added knowledge industries. He believed our brilliant science research centres could become commercial export centres and backed himself.
Belief in transformative power overcame the challenges
He knew the challenges. Not least that the geographically disperse and small scale of the scientific efforts across our vast nation would make it difficult to collaborate within the sector. To envision there could be collaboration across all three sectors of science, government and industry was courageous.
But, his belief in the transformative power of science and research won out; and his vision that science research and business could be the vehicle for Australia to create a whole new pathway for financial and social prosperity was born.
Ralph Slatyer had the support, the convening and communication skills, and the courage to convince the three sectors to establish the CRCs. His close personal relationship with Bob Hawke, with whom he attended High school in Perth helped, particularly with business. But really, it was Ralph Slatyer's multi-disciplinary talents; as a scientist, a communicator, a campaigner and social advocate, which delivered a profound and lasting impact on our nation's economic wellbeing.
He made our lucky country become a clever country.
A few months ago Tony Peacock called and asked me to give the Ralph Slatyer address. He reminded me that Simon McKeon, once my boss at Macquarie Bank, Australian of the Year and Chairman of CSIRO, is the only other businessperson who has given this address. I have to confess I am feeling the pressure Tony, and I do hope another business person gets a chance.
Anyway, many of you know, after I got fired by Kerry Packer as his CEO at PBL in 2004 because James Packer and I bought Burswood, I attended a think tank in Queensland. There I met the Adelaide thinker in residence, Baroness Susan Greenfield.
I admired her vision for science communication and so together with then SA Premier Mike Rann, we founded, and I now chair, both the Australian Science Media Centre and later The Royal Institution of Australia. The RiAus now includes Australia's Science Channel, Cosmos magazine and The SCINEMA International science film Festival.
The Australian Science Media Centre and The Royal Institution of Australia are based here in Adelaide in the old Adelaide Stock Exchange building. Together they are probably the largest source of science media content in Australia outside of the ABC.
Dinner conversations about science
I confess that after almost 15 years in science communication I have seen a lot. And so have many of you here. May I ask if you bring up the topic of science communication in our society over dinner what will you get? My experience is there are some common themes.
Most conversations surrounding science concern the lack of STEM role models.
A lack of role models and media stories to inspire the next generation to study STEM is one. The need to enhance our nation's understanding of the science around our key issues, if we are to have a chance of forming practical solutions, is another.
That we need the public and politicians to listen to and advocate for "the evidence" to improve policy-making and enable meaningful action. And that we need more media coverage to elevate the importance of science and research in building a better future, to help persuade government to commit to more funding.
Oh and of course how do we stop some of the pseudo-science stories that seem to get so much airtime. These stories can be dangerous to the future of our people and our planet. What would be your recurring dinner topic on science communication?
The greatest enemy of the truth is the myth
A couple of weeks ago I visited the Kennedy Library in Boston. My Dad knew President Kennedy both as a Senator and a President.
Thinking about this address, I was struck by President Kennedys opening quote in the Library's introductory video:
"As every past generation has had to dis-enthrall itself from an inheritance of truisms and stereotypes, so in our own time we must move on from the reassuring repetition of stale phrases to a new, difficult, but essential confrontation with reality.
The JFK Presidential Library in Boston.
For the great enemy of truth is very often not the lie–deliberate, contrived and dishonest–but the myth–persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic. Too often, we hold fast to the clichés of our forebears.
We subject all facts to a prefabricated set of interpretations. We enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought. Mythology distracts us everywhere. In government as in business, in politics as in economics, in foreign affairs as in domestic affairs…".
Communicating the challenges of the cold war and reshaping of the US economy were not science-related issues. No one doubted the science of nuclear weapons nor the benefit of winning the race to space. That is why, science does not get a mention in President Kennedy's list of distractions by myths and biases.
Never before has scientific information been so accessible
Leaping forward 55 years, we find ourselves in a different situation. Never before have we had so much scientific information, but somehow, science is still yet to take its place at the forefront of our nation's cultural psyche. And, on certain topics such as nuclear energy, water resources and global warming, our society is completely polarised.
This afternoon I plan to discuss the dilemma for science communication in Australia by considering the intersection between science and society – and how this contributes to the key challenges we face.
Here is my summary of the main challenges I will explore:
• One, science as a mass media information genre is more expensive to produce and suffers from specific barriers to media engagement.
• Two, the financial collapse of institutional media and the explosion of search engines and social media has created the opportunity for pseudo-science and myths to flourish.
• Three, a monumental breakdown of trust in institutions by the mass population, particularly trust in the media, further undermines the conventional science communication channels.
• And four, the climate change debate has made it culturally acceptable for even the most well educated in our society to argue a position based on their beliefs – or political motives – rather than evidence.
How science media works
To explain the first point around media engagement-related challenges with science media, let me briefly explain how science media works.
Typically, Science media will emerge in one of three ways: through a scientific discovery, which is then published in a Journal; through natural events, including disasters; or through curated events, such as a conference, a government report or a lobby group campaign.
The volume of science media content is weighted toward discovery because journals are a large and successful distribution method, on which the business of academia depends.
Science media as an information genre has characteristics that limit its ability to be as successful as other forms of mass media such as business, sport or politics.
Let me give a few examples. Science is not a complete story, it is provisional. It often does not have a beginning, middle and an end. In science the process of debate is also structurally different. Science does not seek to prove something is not true. How do we disprove that a tea pot is not going around Mars.
Scientists agree or disagree with one another through the discussion of facts, and the interpretation of evidence. And science does not use values. Truth is realised through the evidentiary process.
By contrast, as mass media information genres, sport, business and politics, are not just about sharing new information or facts. Contest and controversy also create valuable media content.
In the case of political and business information, the "balance" of opinion is a critical part of the validation process drawing out a sense of "urgency" to comment by interested parties. Science does not have a "balance" of opinion since it is based on evidence.
Also science is often highly specialised, where only a small cohort can relate to the information. The specialisation problem is further compounded if scientists do not engage in the public media information exchange.
This often occurs because scientists believe there is no benefit, no urgency, they are concerned how their comments might emerge in the media, or their institution discourages such engagement.
With that science media tutorial out of the way, let's turn to the challenges.
The establishment of the Australian Science Media Centre
In 2004, when I left Kerry Packer's empire the media industry was a small number of well-heeled institutions with significant resources whose gate keepers and owners essentially determined our media diet.
At that time, the science industry was dissatisfied with its media presence. The challenge for science was two-fold. The media gatekeepers had almost no personal experience with science, and for the reasons I just described it was expensive and risky to produce compared with sport or politics.
Specialist science reporters were helpful, but their focus was mostly on new discovery rather than the science in our daily lives. The scientists who could comment were either not available, not comprehensible or all made pretty much the same comment.
It was against this backdrop that we established the Australian Science Media Centre, or AusSMC, in 2005. Susannah Eliott who is here tonight has been our CEO for that whole journey.
To reduce the cost of producing science news and media, and increase the availability of scientists, we set up something akin to a national science press club here in Adelaide. Our main objective was to change the cultural paradigm of science in Australia by ramping up the number of evidence-based stories in mainstream media – inserting the science angle into breaking news, whether that was a bushfire, a disease outbreak or a drugs in sport scandal.
Creation of a global network of science
Today, the AusSMC has an engaged network of 1,600 journalists and 5,000 scientists, and every day we supply evidence-based content to a large chunk of mainstream news.
In the past 12 months, we have contributed evidence to more than 26,000 articles in Australia and overseas. Together with the UK science media centre we spurred the creation of a global network of science media centres, which shares content and collaborates on key global issues.
The AusSMC enjoys access to the embargoed material of most of the major journals. We invite multiple scientists to clarify complicated or contentious research, making the journal release a rich media document equally available to all 1,600 registered journalists. We curate what we believe will be the most relevant issues each week through our "SMC picks," alerting the media gatekeepers to what is forthcoming in science.
We work with media teams around the country, alerting them when we see their embargoed research, helping to train their experts and providing them with an avenue to the media through our news portal. The public hardly knows we exist, but the media community knows us very well.
Together, both the Australian and UK science media centres have created a global network of information.
Reflecting on how we have gone against our original purpose I think we've done this well but the science and media industries could have done with something like this at least 25 years earlier but we have moved forward.
The financial collapse of institutional media
Let me now move to the second challenge: the financial collapse of institutional media and the explosion of search engines and social media, which has created the opportunity for pseudo-science and myths to flourish.
This began about 10 years ago as a result of two forces: ease of access to new information via the internet, and the almost complete loss of media revenue.
The traditional media industry lost most of its classified revenue to search engines, before eventually losing its advertising revenue to Google and Facebook. The media institutions we knew at the beginning of this century, if they still exist, are a mere shadow of their former selves.
News as one of the primary drivers of audience and therefore revenue has gone. Newsworthy events are discovered first on Twitter, and break as a story well before an accredited journalist has shown up. Even worse, today, anyone who manages to generate a large audience can use Facebook advertising to support their running costs. Their advertising revenue is tiny compared to the old media rate card, but enough to support a very low-cost operator.
The drive to operate in a low-cost environment saw a wholesale purge of specialist media resources, particularly specialist science reporters.
This resource-poor but distribution-rich media landscape gave birth to the 'fake news' movement, kindly coined by the ever insightful President Trump! Recently, it has also given rise to some worrying practices in overhyping amongst some of our most prestigious science and research centres.
The AusSMC team are so challenged by this outbreak that seems to be spreading, that together with the UK science media centre we are considering a labelling system for all institutional media releases loaded onto Scimex. These labels will help journalists see at a glance if research has been peer reviewed and has been done in a test tube or in humans.
The media's loss of financial resources has led to some interesting developments by various parties in the science communication world. At AusSMC, we established Scimex as a very low-cost platform for scientists and journalists to engage.
The launch of Australia's Science Channel
At the Royal Institution of Australia, we launched Australia's Science Channel to aggregate text and video content from our partner university and science institutions, with our own content and distribute that to the public.
The Australian Academy of Science has done a great job with their video stories, and following the ABC Board's review of its science media – chaired by Fiona Stanley – we have seen a renewed focus on science at the ABC. The Conversation was also launched, significantly increasing access to readable news from our academic institutions.
The problem is that none of these organisations have found a method to monetise their efforts. Relying on sponsorship, whether from government, universities or business, is challenging and may not be sustainable. With no advertising revenue and a limited science and engineering base in Australia, it is a significant challenge to generate the financial support necessary to create a sustainable high-quality product.
"Science Alert" and "IFL Science" has achieved revenue by driving "click throughs" but the consistency of the evidence base is not always there.
There is a trust deficit between citizens and media and politic institutions
The third challenge is the monumental breakdown of trust in institutions by the mass population, particularly trust in the media, which further undermines the conventional science communication channels.
The revelation of child abuse in our religious institutions, the recent banking Royal Commission, and a rolling circus of leaders in our political institutions, have been a few triggers.
The Edelman's annual Trust Barometer, which measures trust globally and in individual countries such as Australia, showed that in 2018, trust in the institutions of the media, politics and NGOs fell below 40 out of an index of 100. This rampant trust deficit has plagued society from around 2005.
The level of trust in our key institutions becomes even more pronounced when broken down between the informed public, often the more wealthy and educated, versus the mass population. What is interesting is the gap between these two groups.
In 2012, the informed members of our community barely trusted our institutions, but for the mass population, trust in our institutions fell to 36 points out of 100.
From a science communication perspective, this trend has made it even more difficult for an institution to communicate to the public, particularly the mass public. At the same time, search engines became a more trusted form of media than traditional media, and trust in social media rose above 30 points in the index. The mass population placed its trust in relatable "someone like me" media, rather than institutions or traditional media.
But we, as science communicators, can turn this problem on its head. The academic community is recognised as one of the most trustworthy information sources. This is supported by the Edelman Trust Barometer, which reveals that the two highest ranked sources of information were "someone like me" and academics. In this way, the science industry is well placed to circumnavigate society's disillusionment with institutions.
While institutions aren't well-trusted, scientists are. Should we consider creating a distributed trust model such as Airbnb or Uber– where trust is created by a two way engagement between producers and users rather than institutions? I discussed this at my induction into the Academy of Technology and Engineering. Regional communities, in particular, trust the scientists and engineers from their local universities. As an industry, we need to consider how we might capitalise on society's breakdown in trust to solve this social problem whilst gaining some airtime.
Arguments are based on belief rather than evidence
Often beliefs and evidence clash, leading to heated arguements.
Now, let's turn to the fourth and perhaps biggest challenge for science communication: where it has become culturally acceptable for even the most well educated in our society to argue a position based on their beliefs – or political motives – rather than evidence.
This has been documented in an article in The Journal of Science Communication by Professor Dan Kahan from Yale University, entitled: "What is the science of science communication".
Dan Kahan sets out as follows:
"Never have human societies known so much about mitigating the dangers they face but agreed so little about what they collectively know. … this disjunction features …. divisive conflict in the face of compelling scientific evidence, …we can refer to it as the "science communication paradox". Resolving this paradox is the central aim of a new science of science communication."
The new challenge for science communication is the role of behavioural bias. Dan Kahan demonstrates that, notwithstanding the compelling evidence on highly contentious topics, despite more scientific knowledge, we're less inclined to shed our beliefs than ever before.
He points out that if a community is to survive it should eventually make decisions based on evidence and the more educated members should influence the group, eventually shifting consensus.
He shows that in the case of climate change, nuclear storage and fracking, it is the more educated within the group that hold onto their beliefs and articulate them the strongest. This thought leadership prevents that group from moving towards engaging with the evidence, thereby leading to a polarisation. And if the mass population is not listening to institutions generally, then there is no obvious way out.
Conflict can arise when evidence goes against personal beliefs
A more recent survey undertaken by a group at George Mason University and published in the journal of the Royal Society reached similar conclusions.
It is entitled, "Scientific risk communication about controversial issues influences public perceptions of scientists' political orientations and credibility". The authors conclude that politicised attributions of scientists engaging in risk communication, is … likely to occur when a …communicating scientist is providing information…incongruent with an individual audience member's…personal beliefs or worldview.
In these cases, a … "motivated" reasoning model means people will attempt to discredit the scientist by giving a political motive to their efforts.
So, the new challenge for science communication involving controversial issues is around how we help our citizens, and particularly the more educated, to disentangle from their beliefs. If we have not had enough of a challenge trying to communicate with society to date, just using evidence, how do we now shift gear?
Dan Kahan invites us to consider how we might best achieve disentanglement of a free mind. He encourages us to ask "what should we do with what we know", a question that can unify a society, instead of "whose side are you on", a divisive question which is sadly more reflective of today's national culture.
The "new science of science communication" requires we acknowledge and build the tools to address this dilemma.
To help find a solution to this entanglement dilemma we need to look at what today's most pressing and polarising issues have in common. Most of these topics divide society because in addition to challenging belief systems, the outcomes or solutions have winners and losers. Unlike an area of science, like space discovery, the implications of climate change or water resources for example could mean job cuts, heightened regulatory conditions, higher taxes, etc.
This is where science, incentives and beliefs intersect. Unless we acknowledge incentives and beliefs early, we risk polarising people and driving a culture which diminishes evidence over beliefs.
Traditionally, scientists see their role as presenting the facts, not the values.
Scientists have traditionally seen their role as just presenting the facts, and letting politicians, industry and the public deal with the values.
The problem is that the "losers" will fight the science and easily conflate with those whose belief systems are unaligned. Together, they have an enormous incentive to double back on the science and undermine its credibility.
Traditionally, scientists see their role as presenting the facts, not values.
Though easier said than done, we need to consider how we influence these beliefs from the start. This means talking through issues and outcomes with industry, government and the public early on, and involving experts from various disciplines, such as the arts, humanities and social science.
I believe CRCs are exceedingly well positioned to play an important role in bringing values into the equation early. They already engage with industry, academia and government. Working with experts who understand beliefs, and can help bring society along as they progress their field, is not an impossible task.
I think this is what Prof Kahan had in mind when he concluded:
"The science communication paradox — the simultaneous increase in knowledge and conflict over what's known — is built into the constitution of the liberal republic of science".
And let me loop back to that that graduation speech President Kennedy gave at Yale. He was addressing the topic of a communication paradox. It was the challenge of myths and perceptions that he felt was adversely impacting on the decision-making process in a liberal democracy. He likely did not ever imagine that topic would be science itself.
The advancement of science is reliant on communication
To conclude, we must recognise that the advancement of science in society requires successful communication. Science as a media genre has special challenges, and the reshaping of the media industry has compounded these problems.
The climate change debate has shown us that where science involves a major issue in society its communication challenges like any other societal issue may be impacted by long held beliefs, which can be highly subjective and polarizing when enmeshed with economic winners and losers.
I ask for your support for the science communication entities that are successfully addressing those challenges, and urge you to engage with them in new ways, ways that might feel uncomfortable.
If we consider the sheer number of scientists, technologists, engineers and mathematicians in our midst- there is a mighty force present within our society who can advocate and communicate. Keep pushing the boundaries and innovating new solutions.
I suspect that there were many times that Professor Slatyer felt uncomfortable as he advocated for three pillars of society – university, government and business – to come together to create a better future for our nation through a knowledge economy.
Perhaps we now know why he had less success with advocating for policies addressing climate change and nuclear storage. But I'd argue that he more than made up for it by turning the shared challenges between science and society into an opportunity to help both thrive together – by pioneering our all-important CRCs. Now, it's up to us, whether we are scientists, engineers, business persons or government agencies.
Peter Yates is the chairman of The Royal Institution of Australia, which publishes Australia's Science Channel and Cosmos Magazine.
Alan Duffy's Top 5 Science Communication Tips
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Getting science into Australia's culture 29 min
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Peter Yates, AM FTSE FAICD BCom (Melb), Master of Science (MGT) (Stanford), Doctorate of the University (Murdoch), is Deputy Chair of AIA Australia Limited and Chair of Colonial Mutual Life Assurance Society Limited, a Director of Linfox Australia Pty Ltd and Mutual Trust Pty Ltd. He is Chairman of the Royal Institution of Australia, the Australian Science Media Centre, the Faculty of Business and Economics at Melbourne University, the Royal Children's Hospital Foundation, the Shared Value Project and the NHMRC Centre for Personalised Immunology at ANU and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology at UNSW.
The Royal Institution of Australia is an independent charity, and the sister organisation of the prestigious Royal Institution of Great Britain, tasked with promoting public awareness and understanding of science.
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Science Meets Parliament 2017 - Australian of the Year
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857 is a number that has been frequenting your daily routine. You are having trouble understanding what all this means. Below is a brief explanation of this recurring number.
Strength is given by the angel number 857. People are starving. A lot of things are going wrong in the mission work. The funds have not arrived to ensure that you are comfortable. You are in a war zone. People are very frustrated. The angels want you to be their source of strength. The journey of faith is not easy. Only the strong can survive the tides of temptation.
Number meaning 857 says that you need to show the people that you are strong. You should not shed a tear because the universe is on your side. The problems are just a test and you need to pass it to go to the next level. The strong will thrive even in times of adversity.
Angel number 857 is a gold mine of signals. Number 8 is a number of discipline. It means a person's values in life. Number meaning 5 is a number of attraction. It means affinity towards something or someone. Number 7 is a symbol of purity. It talks about innocence and naivety. 85 is a number of evolution. It talks of creativity and technology. 57 is a number of spirituality. It is the calling to mission work. 87 is a manifestation of all your financial desires.
The repetition of number 857 is the signal of a long journey. You have been groomed and taught religion. The values that have been instilled in you are pure. You have walked in faith for so long. You are being called to serve.
The guardian angels want you to continue your journey of faith. Go around teaching people the things that you have learned. Be a guide and a counselor to the people. Make it your life time duty to heal the world. The angels will walk with you in all your endeavors. You will be given a privilege over men.
Persistence is mentioned by the angel number 857. This is the ability to keep pressing on. You are in a place where your religion is being challenged. Another faith has taken a lead. Your lives are threatened every day. You feel as though you will give up. The angels want you to continue worshiping. Do not stop walking in the light.


The movement against miracles was, not surprisingly, influential in the natural sciences. Simply put, if we're not to appeal to miracles, then the world must have arisen naturalistically. This had a profound effect on the critical thinking, or lack thereof, of the time. Speculative hypotheses, with little basis in fact, enjoyed serious consideration and triumphant acceptance.


Most basic cyberattacks are easily preventable, so make sure your employees are informed about how to keep their phones safe. An IT services provider in CT can talk to your company about how to spot potentially dangerous threats. For example, employees should always be aware that when they are connected to public Wi-Fi on their phones, it is much easier for hackers to access their data. You should always protect your personal or company information when connected to public Wi-Fi and keep in mind that it is much safer to use your cell network's encrypted data. It's also important to note that applications can potentially collect sensitive information about you from your phone. Each time you download a new application, it's important to be very aware of the permissions you give it--- even giving your apps location permission can be dangerous in some cases.
Phones today have a variety of security options available to keep your data safe and secure. It's important that your employees use these security features. Many new phones use biometric security features so that only the owner of the phone can access it. These biometric features include thumbprint scanning, facial recognition, and even voice recognition. If you don't want to use biometric features, many phones offer the option for a very secure PIN or password that is difficult to guess. If your employees are having trouble setting up these security options, work with a team of cyber security experts in Connecticut to get your company phones protected.
It's so important to keep your company's phones protected from cybersecurity threats. Since it can be difficult to manage these threats on your own, it's helpful to work with a professional team to handle these challenges. We, at Kelser Corporation, are a leading team of IT professionals who are well-equipped to handle these and many other cybersecurity challenges. We are your go-to company for mobile device security in a changing digital world. Contact our IT services team in CT to learn more.
By actively listening to the client, Kelser has consistently met the needs of its client base for over 30 years. Through attentive observation of the changing industry, Kelser is able to react quickly to provide the best service and solutions available. Thanks to the dedication of our professional staff, this agility has advanced us as leaders in our industry.


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If you have many users to manually map in the Map users and groups window, you can use PowerShell to generate the mapping file using a CSV file.
The CSV file needs to be created beforehand and must contain information that can be found in the SharePoint people picker.
In this case, the email was used, but it can also be the username, the display name, or the full name. It is found using the people picker.
Then, add the following at the end of your Copy line (works with all the copy options like Copy-Site and Copy-Content).
You can also Import this file in the Sharegate UI by pressing the Import button in the Map users and groups menu.


I got to review The Letters of Sylvia Plath: Vol. II at the Culture Desk at New Yorker.com!
For a week I was a guest diarist on The Comics Journal.
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text:
Alex G. Alexander, The Action Pattern of Sugarcane-Leaf Amylase , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 51 No. 2 (1967): Vol. 51, No. 2, April 1967
Alex G. Alexander, R. Montalvo-Zapata, Relationships of Light to Enzyme and Sucrose Transformations in Sugarcane Treated with Paraquat , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 54 No. 2 (1970): Vol. 54, No. 2, April 1970
Alex G. Alexander, Relationships of Gibberellic Acid to Water and Phosphorus in the Growth, Sugar Production, and Enzyme Behavior of Sugarcane , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 53 No. 3 (1969): Vol. 53, No. 3, July 1969
Alex G. Alexander, Hydrolytic Proteins of Sugarcane: The Acid Phosphatases , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 49 No. 2 (1965): Vol. 49, No. 2, April 1965
Alex G. Alexander, Effects of Variable Diuron and Nitrate on Sucrose Content Plus Enzyme Activity of Sugarcane Grown in Sand Culture , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 51 No. 4 (1967): Vol. 51, No. 4, October 1967
Alex G. Alexander, George Samuels, Effects of Variable Calcium and Manganese on the Enzyme, Nucleotide, and Nutrient Constituents of Sugarcane Grown by Sand Culture , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 51 No. 3 (1967): Vol. 51, No. 3, July 1967
Nilsa M. Acín Díaz, Alex G. Alexander, ABSENCE OF A PROTEINACEOUS INVERTASE-REGULATORY SYSTEM IN SUGARCANE STEM TISSUE , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 56 No. 1 (1972): Vol. 56, No. 1, January 1972
Rafael Montalvo-Zapata, Alex G. Alexander, Effect of Water Regime on the Sucrose-Enzyme Relationships of Sugarcane Desiccated with Paraquat , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 56 No. 2 (1972): Vol. 56, No. 2, April 1972
Alex G. Alexander, R. Montalvo Zapata, Gene L. Spain, Ashok Kumar, Sugarcane Flower-Control Studies With Paraquat, Gibberellic Acid, and Sodium Meta-Silicate , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 56 No. 3 (1972): Vol. 56, No. 3, July 1972
Alex G. Alexander, Enzyme-Sugar Relationships in Immature Sugarcane Treated With Ascorbic Acid, Cysteine, Hydroxylamine, Cyanide, Silicon, and Iron , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 51 No. 1 (1967): Vol. 51, No. 1, January 1967


A glorious little flower found early in the spring amongst the sage and bunchgrass is the yellow fritillary or yellow bell, Fritillaria pudica. It's a member of the Lily Family (Liliaceae) and it blooms in the grasslands and ponderosa pine country.
You can tell it's in the Lily Family because the veins on its leaves all run parallel and its flower parts are in threes - three petals and three sepals. But the sepals, which in most plant families are green, leafy structures that protect the flower in bud stage and cup the flower once it blooms, look exactly like the petals with the same coloration. Botanists call them collectively, tepals.
Yellow bell nods its flower downward, its tepals forming an inverted cup. The entire plant is edible and it was once a main food source for native people. If you're lucky, you may see the chocolate lily blooming at the same time, but its mottled color, makes it harder to spot. The yellow bell bloom is brief so if flowers make you smile, take a walk in the bunchgrass and see if you can spot some. Happy hunting!
Prairie Star (Lithophragma spp.), is in the Saxifrage Family (Saxifragaceae) and is one of my favorites because of its understatement. There are several different species common in our area . They stand eight to eighteen inches high with leaves low on the plant, so all you notice when you come upon it in the fields is its starlike creamy flowers floating above the earth.
Some species of Prairie Star reproduce by cloning from tiny maroon bulbs that are nestled in the axils of the leaves or branches. These little bulbs will germinate once the original plant falls to the ground.
If you see these leaves while you're hiking, they belong to Prairie Smoke, or what some refer to as Old Man's Whiskers, due to the nature of its seed head. Right now its leaves are coming out all over the hillsides. I'll tell you more about this plant once it starts blooming.
I'd like to be able to recognize all the different stages of the most common plants that grow in our area, but sadly, my brain doesn't completely cooperate. Each year I have to reteach myself. So I make a game of guessing what plant belongs to what leaves or buds as they appear. As the season rolls on and the plants leaf out and bloom and go to seed, I see how accurate my guess was. Challenging oneself to gather more details about the plants broadens the story they tell. It's fun. I highly recommend it. FYI - kids always surpass adults with this memory game so don't be too hard on yourself if you are over 40 and can remember much!
Springbeauty started blooming in the grasslands of the Seeley Swan Valley in early April and its bloom will gradually work its way up in elevation. It is in the Purslane Family (Portulaceae). One of the coolest things about this tiny plant is its ability to move through its life cycle quickly and successfully.
In the fall, when the growing season is done, Springbeauty starts growing from its tiny bulb. Its sprout continues to grow during the winter to just below the soil surface. By doing this it is primed to emerge from the earth as soon as the snow starts melting. When the tiny plant begins growing above ground it burns carbohydrates, which build up heat in its hollow stem, which in turn melts the remaining snow around the growing plant. The stored heat in its "greenhouse" enables springbeauty to photosynthesis, despite the cold air temperatures, allowing it to make an earlier appearance than most flowers. Once the plant has completed its flower and seed cycle it continues storing up carbohydrates in its bulb so that come September, it can start its efficient life cycle once again.
Shooting Stars are in the Primrose Family (Primulaceae) and are just about to bloom in the lower elevations of our valley. When shooting star's sturdy little leaves emerge they form rosettes that resemble a cluster of tiny tongues sticking out of the earth.
Their pink flowers perk up our mostly drab, early spring landscape. As you can see in the photo to the left, shooting star petals are bent away from the stamens that hold the pollen. Because of their "reflexed" petals, visiting insects don't automatically bump into the pollen like they do in most flowers whose petals wrap around the stamens. So in order for the flower to be pollinated, insects landing on shooting star flowers must vibrate their wings really hard to shake the pollen onto their bodies, which they then carry to a neighboring shooting star flower, completing pollination.
It's finally spring in the Seeley Swan Valley of Montana, which is where I live. The ground, which just recently seemed brown and lifeless, is beginning to bust forth with flowers!
Wildflowers feel like gifts. No one plants them. No one waters them. They show up and we get to be the recipients of their beauty. Who would think that something so delicate and ephemeral would generate such joy?
Besides its divine beauty, our mountainous country offers the added benefit of hosting a progressive bloom; which means if we yearn for spring in July, we just have to hike uphill to find the delightful faces of the flowers that bloomed on the valley floor in May and June.
The lowlands lose their snow before the forested slopes, so if you need a flower fix right now go walk in the sage and look for one of the earliest blooming flowers in our area, the sagebrush buttercup (Ranunculus glaberrimus). Its tiny yellow blooms are hunkered down close to the ground, so keep your eyes open.
The Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae) has lots of different flowers in it, many of which are early bloomers and many, at first glance, that don't seem to be related. Besides the familiar buttercup, some early-blooming members include pasqueflower, larkspur, and sugar bowls.
A few facts: The juices of most buttercup species are mildly toxic and will cause blistering if rubbed on your skin. Mountain tribes used the concentrated juice of the buttercups on arrowheads to help kill their prey. According to Daniel Mathews, author of my favorite natural history book, Rocky Mountain Natural History: Grand Teton to Jasper, larkspurs have been responsible for more cattle deaths than any plant in the West. On the other hand, goldenseal, a member of the Buttercup Family that grows in the eastern US, has well-documented medicinal properties.
One cool thing about snow buttercups, which grow way up high in our mountains, is that they track the sun. Their tracking sensors are in the upper stem, so they'll still keep following the sun even if their flowers have been broken off. Sun tracking helps warm the flower and improves its chances of being pollinated. Bugs seek out the warmth and bask in the blossom and end up pollinating the flower at the same time. Not a bad exchange!
If you want to learn about the wildflowers firsthand, come on a hike with me in the Seeley Swan Valley. I will share what I know about the plants and landscape.


Insanity is popularly defined as doing the same things over again and expecting a different result. When it comes to business, I would argue that if you do what you've always done, things will actually get worse. Why? Because the contemporary world is changing so fast that if we do the same things this year that we did last year, we're going to get left behind.
One of the questions we all face going into a new year is, how will this year be different to the last?
I'd like to take that question and be more proactive with it. Instead of asking how will 2018 be different from 2017, how about asking this question: What new things are you willing to embrace this year in order to grow your business?
We tossed this question around the staff lunch table recently and it generated a wide range of answers—and some great stories. One of my favourites was from a team member who jumped off the wharf at the end of Orewa Beach for the first time, and by doing so confronted one of her major fears. She enjoyed it so much she ended up doing it over and over. Imagine if we confronted new approaches to our business with the same sense of overcoming fears with a sense of fun and adventure.
I think it's fair to say this is more imperative than ever, particularly with the rapid changes in technology that keep being thrust upon us. The classic story of the fax machine is a great example of how businesses were forced to catch up with new tech, only to be faced with even more changes when that tech became old in rapid time.
Fax machines were conceptualised around 1870, before being commercialised by Xerox in the 1960s. Back in the day a single page would take no less than seven minutes to transmit. I remember in the early 80s working one night to 11pm to get some documents ready to send to Australia, then driving from Devonport to the central post office in Auckland with my seven pages. Back then, I didn't even fully understand what faxing was.
'Can you please facsimile these pages to Australia?' I said.
They took the pages, as well as the $42 it cost to send them, and faxed them off to Australia. They posted them back to me the following week.
Before you knew it, everyone had a fax machine in the office or at home. Then just as quickly fax machines were gone and we were all using email and digital scanners, followed by smart phones and PDF documents. Imagine being the business owner that believed he could do just as well by sticking with the fax machine while everyone was moving on and keeping pace with the changes happening around them? He wouldn't have lasted very long at all.
That's the challenge we face as we look forward to the rest of the year ahead. In what ways do we need to change to keep pace? What things do we need to do differently? What changes are being forced on us by technology, and what changes can we intentionally advance to improve our bottom line?
One of the things I do to keep pace is participate in a think tank called Mindshop, which is comprised of consultants. Throughout the year the group stimulates one another's thinking via articles and a discussion forum, and three times a year we have a one-day session where we catch up and keep each other fresh. It really works for me, but for you it might be something entirely different. That's fine, as long as you're keeping track of the trends and shifts in your industry.
A good place to start is by asking what success looks like for you. What do you want out of your business this year? Once you know that, you can work backwards to figure out what it is you need to change to get there.
The good news is, these are questions you don't need to figure out alone. Pick up the phone and give us a call. Your journey towards business success in 2018 doesn't need to be a lonely or anxious one. It can be like jumping off a wharf for the first time—scary at first, then exhilarating, followed by a massive sense of accomplishment.
Let's explore the changes together.


Professional brush in authentic certified ceramic and antibacterial grey bristles, diameter 0,51" (13 mm). It is ideal to dry your hair quickly without electrify them, to fix the cosmetic color and to make the hair shiny. It is recommended for short hair.


We nearly fell off our chairs when we saw these gorgeous photos from Tim Coulson Photography. What a beautiful bride we thought! Throw in a rather dashing groom (and bow tie from MJ Bale) a custom-made wedding gown, a breathtaking location and a baby bump (containing not one but two little humans) and you have yourself one hell of a joyous celebration!
The reception was not the only thing with a chic laidback vibe, Joanna, opting for a simple wreath of flowers in her tussled blonde locks looked effortlessly gorgeous. A short lace dress (especially made for her by Roger Searle of Sass & Bide fame) was created to show off the soon-to-be family members.
Photographer Tim Coulson is such a beautiful story teller, we highly recommend you check out the rest of this gorgeous wedding on his website. The getting ready photos are our faves… The girls are relaxed and ready to go, whilst in contrast, the boys struggle to find matching socks in the laundry basket and wonder how to tie a bow tie. What did we tell you… too sweet for words!


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I've googling so many time, but none of them are works for me
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Taliban members in charge of security, patrol in Kabul, Afghanistan, October 28. — Reuters
Islamic State group's violence dents Taliban claims of safer Afghanistan
Victims have ranged from former security officials to journalists, social activists, mullahs, Taliban fighters, random targets.
Reuters Published November 9, 2021
Last month, the family of Mawlavi Ezzatullah, a member of Afghanistan's Hizb-i-Islami party, received a WhatsApp message from his phone: "We have slaughtered your Mawlavi Ezzat, come and collect his body."
Ezzatullah's killing, in the eastern province of Nangarhar, was one of a steady stream of assassinations and bombings that have undermined Taliban claims that they have brought greater security to Afghanistan after 40 years of war.
Victims have ranged from former security officials from the ousted government to journalists, civil society activists, mullahs, Taliban fighters and apparently random targets like Ezzatullah, whose family said he had no enemies they knew of.
The Taliban have said their victory has brought stability to Afghanistan, where thousands of people were killed in fighting between the group and Western-backed forces between 2001 and 2021 before the Taliban emerged victorious.
But on just one day last week, pictures from Jalalabad — the provincial capital of Nangarhar — appeared online showing two bodies swinging from a rope. Residents also reported a religious figure's murder and video footage was circulated of a group of gunmen firing into a car, apparently killing its occupants, one of whom was identified by local journalists as a Taliban official.
Reuters was unable to verify the images and footage independently.
On Sunday, according to locals, three bodies were brought into a hospital in Jalalabad after a roadside bomb explosion that apparently targeted Taliban fighters in a pickup truck.
Later that day, gunmen shot a former Afghan army soldier in front of his house, killing him and two friends standing nearby.
The Taliban have downplayed such incidents, saying that after decades of war, it will take time for the country to be completely pacified.
"There are 34 provinces in the country and in a week, 20 cases will be prevented for every one that takes place," said spokesman Bilal Karimi. "We have had 20 years of revolution and invasion and the level of these incidents will go down."
Some former soldiers and intelligence officers from the ousted government blame members of the Taliban for targeting them since taking over. The group has promised there would be no reprisals but accepts rogue fighters may have acted alone.
Many targeted killings remain unclaimed and some may be the result of local vendettas.
But others look the result of increasingly open conflict between the Taliban and a local affiliate of the militant Islamic State (IS) group, a development which the new US Special Representative for Afghanistan, Tom West, said on Monday was causing concern in Washington.
The militant group has claimed some of the deadliest attacks in Afghanistan in recent months in which hundreds of people have been killed, mainly in big cities.
"They are trying to undermine and discredit the Taliban Emirate. The Emirate promised security and they're trying to show they can't deliver it," said Antonio Giustozzi, a specialist in jihadi groups from the Royal United Services Institute in London.
He said IS, which he estimated to have around 4,000 fighters, had been carrying out a campaign of targeted killings since around the summer of 2020 and had continued since the Taliban victory in August on a "roughly comparable scale".
'Biden hirelings'
For many going about their business, the violence feels particularly menacing.
"I have never been as terrified as I am now," said a university professor in Nangarhar who has also worked as a journalist and who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of being targeted. He described events in Nangarhar as "total chaos".
The violence has fuelled fears that Afghanistan could collapse into anarchy and even return to a new phase of civil war, creating a haven for militant groups to launch attacks in neighbouring countries and the West.
"This is the scenario that has everyone worried," said one Western official with long experience of the region.
IS, which first appeared in Afghanistan in late 2014 and adopted the title Islamic State Khorasan chapter (IS-K) after an ancient name for the region, has been trying to recover from a bruising series of defeats in 2018 and 2019.
The group has claimed a series of strikes against Shia mosques and other targets since the Taliban's victory in August, most recently on the main military hospital in Kabul which killed at least 25 people.
Less commonly reported are frequent, smaller atrocities that have been taking place not only in Nangarhar, long an IS stronghold.
Areas affected include Ghazni in central Afghanistan, Herat in the west, Balkh in the north, and Paktia, Paktika and Khost in the southeast.
"The Taliban militia are lost in panic, they do not know how to conceal their shame," an IS video posted on the group's Telegram channel on Sunday said, accusing the Taliban of being "Biden hirelings".
As an insurgency, the Taliban proved an effective and cohesive fighting force. Keeping the peace in a country in crisis presents fresh challenges, including uniting different factions, values and norms within the movement.
Read more: 5 challenges for the Taliban in Afghanistan
Giustozzi, who wrote a book on IS in Afghanistan, said the group, which had retreated into remote strongholds in the east and northeast of the country, was trying to hit the Taliban while the group is still grappling with the transition from insurgency to government.
"They know that if they allow the Taliban Emirate to consolidate, next spring the Taliban will move to destroy them," he said.
Explainer: Can the Taliban suppress the potent IS threat?
IS claims deadly suicide attack on Shia mosque in Afghanistan's Kandahar
Former Afghan security personnel, soldiers joining IS, says report
Comments (8) Closed
After the taming of a big monster, another is rising fast to embroil the unfortunate country, once again.
Hidden bombs, cowardly attacks on hospitals, targeting children. All hallmarks of our big easterly neighbour.
Be it the Taliban, the Islamic state groups, or the TTP, their main agenda is KILLING, to create fear and terror!
Afghanistan will have to join hands with others for the complete elimination of IS and Daesh created by the US/West, financed and armed by the enemy intelligence services.
As you sow, so shall you reap.
Hamed
The west killed wrong people 20 years long! They knew that IS working in Afghanistan.
@Fastrack, To Afghanistan's east, I see only Pakistan.
Ali da Malanga
Yet, the Taliban are the most capable force to tackle ISIS.