text:
Q: Ros2 : stereo image rectification I'm starting to develop a visual odometry program.
The "front" part (image acquisition and hopefully rectification) is done in ROS2, then the core of the processing will be done with openCV.
I'm getting the stereo images for now from a ros bag (until I get the real camera), along with the corresponding calibration information. I have the following topics :
/stereo/left/image_raw
/stereo/left/camera_info
/stereo/right/image_raw
/stereo/right/camera_info

I managed to retrieve the images and camera_info in my own rosnode (and I should be able to transform them to opencv images, even if I haven't implemented that part yet).
However, I have 2 missing steps in my image pipeline : undistorting and stereo-rectification.
In ROS1, I could have used the "stereo_image_proc" node from the "stereo_image_proc" package to do those 2 steps :
ROS_NAMESPACE=stereo rosrun stereo_image_proc stereo_image_proc

In ROS2 however, it turns out that the package stereo_image_proc still exists, however the stereo_image_proc node in it no longer exists.
Do you know about any ROS2 package that enables transforming the pair of raw camara image topics (+ camera_info topics) into undistorted and rectified images? (results in color or BW, I don't care much)
Or if it is easier, is there a (simple) way to do this undistortion/rectification in opencv (using the data from the camera_info topics)?
Thanks a lot in advance

A: In the comments of this tutorial someone suggested using image_proc for rectified image creation.
I tried it and the images looked rectified, but the problem in my case is that the /disparity topic is empty.
Here is the graph https://paste.pics/JY08E
I also asked a question is ROS Answers


The walks always start at 1400hrs and last between 1.25 and 2 hours and are graded as to difficulty (a one booter is dead easy, a four booter is the most difficult we attempt) so you can decide if the walk is suitable for you.
Friends, relatives and dogs are more than welcome to accompany members on these walks.
Although the Sunday walks will show up on the Event Calendar, we communicate the details by email shortly before the scheduled walk.
So, join the walking group for a chance to keep up with old friends, make new ones and get some exercise in the bargain!


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Sport and spectatorship: a common goal uniting India and the UK
This article was written for The Telegraph, India and can be viewed online here
My day today began fairly uneventfully. I got into my Uber driver's car, said hello, and focused on the road ahead, hoping that I wouldn't get stuck in traffic and be late for work. About five minutes into my journey, my driver very politely asked me where I was from and what brought me to India. After telling him that I was from England and interning here at t2, his eyes lit up. "Football!" he exclaimed, and I nodded in acquiescence. It is, after all, our national sport – despite the fact that no English manager has ever won the Premier League (I admittedly stole that fact from British High Commissioner, Bruce Bucknell, who kicked of tonight's event… thanks Bruce!). My driver went on to tell me that Christiano Ronaldo is his favourite player, and he laughed along with me when I intimated that he could have picked less of a cry-baby player to champion, referring of course to the Portuguese player's propensity to roll around on the floor after he has been 'fouled'. In spite of the slight language barrier between us, I found myself struck by the ability that sport has to bring people together. Little did I know that this brief but heart-warming interaction would set the tone for the rest of my day.
Fast forward six hours, and a raucous cheer ricochets throughout the room. It suddenly hits me how the unmistakable roar of hardcore football supporters could just as easily have been lifted from my hometown city of Sheffield as it could the reality, which is this room in the British High Commission in Kolkata, where a FIFA tournament is currently well underway. The event this evening deliberately coincides with the launch of the 26th Premier League, and is the brainchild of Trade & Investment Adviser, Sandip Chaudhuri. Tonight fifteen randomly selected teams will be pitted against one another in a battle to the ultimate title of 'FIFA champion'. The stakes are high, and the passion in the room is definitely palpable.
Before coming to Kolkata from the UK a week ago I will admit that I googled 'India and cricket', desperately hoping to educate myself to a basic level so that I could at least hold my own in a conversation about India's national sport with cab drivers and inquisitive strangers. But what I didn't expect before coming to Kolkata was to be quizzed on my English Premier League loyalties – it never even crossed my mind that my Uber driver or my co-worker might be dreaming of visiting the UK to see their favorite football team play in the flesh.
I've watched the Manchester United squad training at Old Trafford, and as they completed their exercises I remember sitting there bored, thinking about what I was going to have for lunch. It never even crossed my mind that people would kill to swap places with me, and sit in those uncomfortable red plastic seats to watch their idols train. Although back home Premier League tickets are expensive, and notoriously hard to come by (unless you are a season ticket holder), at least in England football fans can watch their favorite team play without having to save up for years of their life. This is certainly something that visiting India has taught me that I should no longer take for granted.
This seems like an opportune moment to mention the fact that I am in the fortunate position of having four younger brothers, which means that I grew up in a household that would routinely be watching some form of sport, whether that was football, tennis, cricket or rugby. Crucially, my family environment means that I probably know more about sport than your average British female. When you have one Liverpool supporter, one Chelsea supporter, one Manchester City supporter and one Manchester United fan living under one roof, watching and supporting football in my house was always going to be an intensely competitive (and loud) affair. Growing up in such a diverse household prepared me well for tonight's event – where there were all sorts of supporters coming together under one roof to (loudly) celebrate their love of football. No matter what colour jersey the competitors were wearing, it was clear from the outset that tonight's event was about fans of all ages and allegiances coming together and simply having fun… although admittedly, scoring goals mattered a little bit as well.
Although I came to India fully expecting to make cricket small-talk, perhaps I shouldn't have been so surprised to find that people in Kolkata are avid fans of the Premier League too. After all, these English teams are made up of players from all over the globe – so why shouldn't people from Kolkata follow and support them here in India, too? I came to this realisation as I was stood listening to a pair of ten year old identical twins enthusiastically regale me with an anecdote about the time that their parents took them to an Arsenal versus Liverpool game, where the outcome of the match – a 2:2 draw – left both of them happy, for Zayn supports Liverpool, and Rayyan supports Arsenal (for those of you confused by the fact he is sporting a Liverpool jersey in their photo, he offhandedly remarks to me that he is only wearing the Liverpool kit "to impress [his] Dad" – ultimately his true loyalties lie with Arsene Wenger's team). The twins' friend, Arjun tells me that he routinely stays up past his bedtime to watch the Premier League. These boys, young as they are, clearly live and breathe football. It's listening to these young fans speak that I realise that these boys care about these teams just as much, if not more than, my younger brothers do back home.
Not only has it been encouraging to see young people coming together in one place and sharing their love for sport, it's has also been heartening to see that the despite England's problematic involvement in India's past (and that is putting it lightly), we are beginning to write a new chapter for the history books, which sees us share a united future of sport and spectatorship.
Posted in: Features | Tagged: british high commission, Features, fifa, football, india, premier league, sport
Trust in Kolkata
#Mission1Million: a roaring success

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Venkaiah Naidu
Smart city project: 40 cities to be selected in second round
The first batch of 20 cities, including Bhubaneshwar, Pune, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Bhopal and NDMC area of Delhi, were selected for Narendra Modi government's flagship smart city project in JanuaryPTI | April 29, 2016, 07:12 IST
NEW DELHI: Forty cities will be selected for the second phase of the Smart City Mission, which is likely to be announced by June, Rajya Sabha was told on Thursday.
The first batch of 20 cities, including Bhubaneshwar, Pune, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Bhopal and NDMC area of Delhi, were selected for Narendra Modi government's flagship smart city project in January.
"It is expected that the results of the next phase will be announced by May/June," Urban Development Minister M Venkaiah Naidu said in written reply.
Assured water and power supply, sanitation and solid waste management systems, efficient urban mobility and public transportation, IT connectivity, e-governance and citizen participation are some of the highlights of the smart city project.
Under the Smart City Mission, 100 cities across the country will be developed as smart cities by 2019-20 with the Union government providing financial support to the extent of Rs 48,000 crore over five years--on an average Rs 100 crore per city per year for five years.
An equal amount will be contributed by the state/urban local body and the balance funds would be mobilised through various sources such as public private partnership and municipal bonds.
Around 54 cities, including Varanasi, Nagpur, Muzaffarpur, Ghaziabad, Agra, Kanpur, Kota and Gandhinagar will compete to find a place in the second list of 40 cities for the smart city projects.
Tags : Industry, Venkaiah Naidu, Narendra Modi, smart city
Resolving Amrapali, Unitech and Jaypee will change discourse: Housing Minister
Mumbai: Lone bidder Rustomjee offers Ariisto lenders Rs 250 crore upfront
What real estate industry expects from Budget 2019?


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African travel diary of A.R.H. Mann
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 116
A diary describing a journey from London via Egypt to the Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Belgian Congo, French Equatorial Africa, Cameroons and South Africa in four volumes, each of 50 pages.
A.R.H. Mann Collection, 1935
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y30468N
Scope and Contents Collection of negatives, contact prints and enlargements. Mann travelled from London, which he left on 20 June 1935, via Egypt to the Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Belgian Congo, French Equatorial Africa and the Cameroons to South Africa, arriving in Johannesburg on 31 October. 1-516 are enlargements of Mann's photographs and 517-575 are photographic postcards, chiefly of the Sudan. In addition there is a box containing the original negatives 45 x 45 mm with contact prints, but these have...
Articles from 'The Field'
Scope and Contents Ten volumes of cuttings from 'The field', including a few articles from other publications, and loose cuttings concerning the Malay Peninsula. The volumes concern countries throughout the world, but in particular Australia, British East Africa (Kenya), Canada, India, New Zealand, Nigeria, Rhodesia, South Africa, Uganda, United States and the West Indies. The articles cover a wide range of subjects, including administration, agriculture, the British Empire, climate, colonisation,...
Christy collection of photographs on Africa
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y304A
Scope and Contents Contains loose photographs relating to various of Christy's travels; some photographs are his own and some are by professional photographers. Subjects include: scenes on the Nile including pyramids; railway views in Kenya; rubber trees and cultivation in Nigeria, Uganda and the Cameroons; scenes in the Congo including sufferers of sleeping sickness and ethnic groups of Central Africa of shorter than average height described as Pygmies; scenes in India; scenes from travels in Norway,...
Church Missionary Society photograph collection
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/CMS
Scope and Contents The Church Missionary Society photograph collection consists of photographic prints, glass and film negatives, and lantern slides. The prints in CMS 1-17 were selected from the CMS's Photo Bureau, the majority being mounted on sheets of paper annotated with captions. Many photographs would have been taken to illustrate articles in the society's periodicals including 'Church Missionary Gleaner', 'Church Missionary Intelligencer' and their successors. Little is known of the...
Diary: 'From west to east through Africa'
Scope and Contents An illustrated diary of Christopher Barlow's journey from Kano, 23 February 1928, through French Equatorial Africa, Belgium Congo, Sudan, Uganda and Kenya, arriving at Mombasa on 27 March, a total of nearly 3,500 miles. On pages iii-iv is a list of journeys undertaken by Barlow, 9 March 1927-19 February 1928. The volume includes thirty inserted photographs, as well as a copy of Barlow's entry in the 'Nigeria Civil Service list', 1929, and a letter to the Librarian of the Royal Empire...
I.C. Redwood Collection
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3042E-J
Scope and Contents A collection of albums containing prints, in addition to a further 4 albums of photographs and postcards of World War I not listed here. The majority of the photographs are stuck in the albums, but there are also 69 loose ones. Many of these are Redwood's own enlargements from his smaller photographs, and have been removed from passe-partout framing and, in most cases, inserted in the album containing the smaller versions. There are some captions, but these vary in detail and it has been...
Inter-University Council Collection
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011WW
Scope and Contents A collection of photographs (various dates, sizes and photographers) and slides with a few leaflets, a file of correspondence, and some title cards as described below. The collection appears to have been assembled chiefly for publicity purposes and there is a file of correspondence requesting photographic and other material. Some of the photographs are mounted on cards for display, but the majority are loose prints stored in folders. There are also a few albums. The main subjects are the...
Inter-University Council Slides
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011KKK
Scope and Contents A collection of coloured slides, 18 of which measure 40 x 40 mm, the remainder 35 mm, all mounted 50 x 50 mm, relating to Commonwealth Universities, with the exception of 33 of non-Commonwealth Universities which were, however, associated with the Inter-University Council for Higher Education Overseas (IUC). Many, though not all, were taken by Ian Maxwell, formerly Deputy Director of IUC. Though some have minimal identification, others have substantial annotations on the mounts. ...
Jackson and Archer scrapbook
Scope and Contents This volume of c. 160 pages was compiled by Arthur C. Hunter, and was later passed to Lady Jackson. It contains material on Sir Frederick Jackson, Governor of Uganda (1911-1917), and his nephew Sir Geoffrey Archer, who served as Governor of Somaliland (1914-1923), Governor of Uganda (1923), and Governor-General of the Sudan (1924-1926). There are a few letters to A. C. Hunter from F. J. Jackson, but most of the items are printed cuttings. The scrapbook provides a record of the...
Newscuttings on Africa and South East Asia
The principal part of the collection is a set of thirteen scrapbooks of newscuttings relating to East Africa, particularly Kenya and Tanganyika. The rest of the collection consists of a volume of cuttings relating to post-war trading opportunities in Nigeria and three scrapbooks concerning rubber and mining in South East Asia.
Newscuttings on Southern and East Africa
Four volumes of newscuttings, three relating to Southern and East Africa and one to the Native Question in South Africa, and loose cuttings on related subjects. Many of the articles concern the activities of the colonial powers in Africa, notably Great Britain, Germany, Spain and France.
Papers of Cuthbert Christy
Diaries, notes, letters, reports, publications and maps written or collected by Christy during his medical and zoological work in Scotland, Africa and India.
W. Powell collection on Africa 1930s
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y304M-O
Scope and Contents A collection of photographs on 125 brown loose album sheets, many with hand-written captions. The captions have been recorded as found and may include language which is offensive, inaccurate or inappropriate. They have been retained to reflect the context of the collection's creation. Captions supplied by the cataloguer are enclosed in square brackets. There are two 'Title pages' which have been transcribed at Y304M and Y304N, dated 1934 and 1935-36. The album sheets which appear to...
ARCHON code (for CUL materials): Royal Commonwealth Soc. (GBR/0115) X
Subject: Uganda (nation) X
Subject: Sudan (nation) X
Kenya (nation) 12
Congo (nation) 10
Asia (continent) 9
Nigeria (nation) 9
Tanzania (nation) 9
Cameroon (nation) 6
Europe (continent) 6
Malaysia (nation) 6
Zambia (nation) 6
Ethiopia (nation) 5
Ghana (nation) 5
Malawi (nation) 5
North and Central America (continent) 5
South America (continent) 5
France (nation) 4
Oceania (continent) 4
Sierra Leone (nation) 4
United Kingdom (nation) 4
Central African Republic (nation) 3
Germany (nation) 3
Guyana (nation) 3
Italy (nation) 3
Lesotho (nation) 3
Liberia (nation) 3
Morocco (nation) 3
Rwanda (nation) 3
Spain (nation) 3
Trinidad and Tobago (nation) 3
Argentina (nation) 2
Brazil (nation) 2
British Isles (island group) 2
Cyprus (nation) 2
England (country) 2
Fiji (nation) 2
Great Britain (island) 2
Hong Kong (administrative region) 2
Malay Peninsula (peninsula) 2
Malta (nation) 2
Mauritius (nation) 2
Netherlands (nation) 2
New Guinea (island) 2
Niger (nation) 2
Norway (nation) 2
Portugal (nation) 2
Scotland (country) 2
Singapore (inhabited place) 2
Singapore (nation) 2
Somalia (nation) 2
Somaliland (region (general)) 2
Zanzibar (inhabited place) 2
Abolition of slavery 1
Algeria (nation) 1
Arabian Peninsula (region (general)) 1
Ardennes (region (general)) 1
Atlantic Ocean (ocean) 1
Baden-Württemberg (state) 1
Balkan Peninsula (peninsula) 1
Belgium (nation) 1
Black Forest (woods) 1
Bosnia and Hercegovina (nation) 1
British West Indies (general region) 1
Brittany (region) 1
Brunei (nation) 1
Christy, Cuthbert, 1863 - 1932 (explorer and zoologist) 2
Mann, A R H, fl. 1935 2
Barlow, Christopher Matthew, 1898 - 1930 1
Barttelot, Edmund Musgrave, 1859 - 1888 (Major) 1
British Association 1
British South Africa Company 1
Church Missionary Society 1
Churchill, Sir (Winston Leonard Spencer, 1874-1965, Knight, statesman and historian) 1
Gedge, Ernest, 1862 - 1935 (colonial administrator) 1
Gilmour, Thomas Lennox, 1859 - 1936 (journalist) 1
Haggard, Sir (Henry Rider, 1856-1925, Knight, novelist) 1
Hinde, Hildegarde Beatrice, 1959 (née Ginsburg) 1
Inter-University Council for Higher Education Overseas 1
Jackson, Sir (Frederick John, 1860-1929, Knight, explorer, naturalist and administrator) 1
Lugard, Frederick John Dealtry, 1858 - 1945 (Baron Lugard, colonial administrator, soldier and author) 1
Maxwell, Ian, 1991 1
Pasha, Emin, 1840 - 1892 (governor of Equatoria) 1
Powell, W, fl1930 - 1939 1
Redwood, Ivor Charles, 1891 - 1964 (engineer) 1
Royal Colonial Institute 1
Royal Geographical Society 1
Stanley, Sir (Henry Morton, 1841-1904, Knight, explorer, administrator, author and journalist) 1


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Once again Churchill House hosted the annual Spelling Bee for the younger students who were invited to either compete or support their housemates. The formula is familiar: words of increasing complexity are read out, which competitors are then to spell out loud, without hesitation or repetition. As in previous years, this friendly battle of wits was enacted in a great spirit of fun and friendly competition.
Competitors from the five Houses (from Forms 1-3) lined up on stage, and each in turn stepped up to the microphone to spell a series of graded words. 'One slip and you're out!' Contestants who seemed to dominate in the first round were suddenly toppled in the second round. Each bout was keenly contested. Special attention should be accorded to Jack in Form 1 for his sterling effort – and also a hearty commendation must go to Gavin, Form 3, who was the only contestant whose mother tongue was not English. Well done to all involved. The overall winners were Austen House.


The Soundarya Lahari is not only a poem. It is a tantra textbook, giving instructions on puja and offerings, many yantras, almost one to each shloka; describes tantric ways of performing devotion connected to each specific shloka; and details the results ensuing.
Soundarya Lahari, meaning waves of beauty consists of two parts, Ananda Lahari meaning waves of happiness (first 41 stanzas) and Soundarya Lahari(the next 59 stanzas). It is believed that Lord Ganesha himself has etched the Ananda Lahari on Mount Meru.
These 100 stanzas are supposed to be the foremost among Manthra literature. It is also believed that by Making suitable Yanthras and reciting particular stanzas and worshipping the yantras almost anything can be obtained in the world.
Haraardha Dhyaayedhyo Haramahishi They Manmathakalaam!
Literal Meaning : Oh Consort of Hara! The one who thinks of a woman's face in the bindu ( the dot in the triangle), her twin breasts below it and the half of the letter "H" still below, and contemplates Thy manmathakala on those spots ( and thus gets identified with her in meditation) will quickly stir the mind of any woman. This indeed is a trifle for him. For, in no time he can fascinate even the Thriloki ( the three worlds conceived as a woman) with the sun and moon as breasts.
Mode of Worship : Yantra to be made on a gold plate or on thick sandal paste, holy ahses or vermillion (placed in a siver or copper plate). Sit facing North. Chant this sloka 1000 (1200) times daily for 25 (27) days.
Archana : Chanting of Durga Ashtotharam and Lalitha Thrishati offering vermillion or washed rice grains mixed with vermillion.
Offerings: Cooked rice mixed with boiled milk, fruits and honey.
Beneficial Results : Attracting young women, gaining influence in royal courts as well as in government. Control over wild animals. Brings women under control and command, gets limience from higher authorities. The beaver can tame even wild animals.
Literal Results : Meditation powers enhanced. Enticing women, appeasing the planets sun and moon in the horoscope.
The Image of Goddess in taken from the Book titled Adi Shankaracharya's Soundarya Lahari by Sri. G.Ramachandra Shastry. Published by Srinidhi Publications.


Veteran paranormal researchers Dr. Margaret Matheson (Sigourney Weaver) and Tom Buckley (Cillian Murphy) debunk fraudulent claims of ghost whispering, faith healing and other psychic phenomena by detecting what Matheson calls "red lights," the subtle tricks behind every staged supernatural occurrence. But when the legendary blind psychic Simon Silver (Robert De Niro) comes out of retirement after 30 years, his once-fearless adversary Matheson warns Buckley to back off, fearing reprisal from the powerful Silver.
Red Lights images are © Millennium Entertainment. All Rights Reserved.


The girls are happy. J likes her teacher, which I expected because I already knew that she was fabulous. M loves her teacher. Te first day she came home saying "She is sooooo nice." Today she was upgraded to cool and we were regaled with exciting stories from her life. Excellent.
I'm particularly grateful because both extraordinarily wise teacher chose not to assign any homework this week. It allows us to ease in a bit. No extracurricular activities this week, yet, either. Next week will be more challenging to fit it all in.
Speaking of extracurricular activities, I spent the summer doing a dance class for the mamas with Dana from Ginny Martin. J has taken dance with Ginny for two years (I wrote a post about her first recital). This year she's abandoning her to try ballet–yes, I'm a little sad. Anyway, I enjoyed the grown-up class much more than I expected. One hour, broken up into 1/3 exercise, 1/3 improvisational dance, and 1/3 choreography. The improv stuff was way beyond my comfort zone, but it helps that there are no mirrors in the studio. The choreography was my favorite: for the second half we were doing a dance to Lady Gaga' Bad Romance, which was super-fun, even if I was constantly two beats behind where I was supposed to be.
Anyway, they're hoping to run another mama class over the school year, although they can only fit it in on Sunday nights. I am so in. If you're interested, call Ginny.
Glad the girls had a great first day of school. I love reading your blog I was wondering if you knew when the Harvest Fest in Colonie and the thatcher park festival would be? We love going to both and so far I have not been able to find any information about dates for either for 2011.
Hi Heidi, The Thacher folks (who rock) just yesterday updated the Fall Festival info. over at Kids Out and About–it's October 8th.
For Colonie, I haven't seen the info. yet, but last year it was September 26th & they advertised with a press release on their website. I should have it on the listings.


Bauerfield IAP. Image Copyright © Julie Lyn. Some rights reserved.
Image Copyright © The FOD Control Corporation. All rights reserved.
Sitka Airport. Image Copyright © James Brooks. Some rights reserved.
Image Copyright © Unsplash. CC0 public domain license.
Image courtesy of Xsight Systems.
October 9: According to the US Navy, FOD causes most of the engine failures aboard the heavy Sea Dragon and Super Stallion military helicopters, which are in service in the US Navy, the US Marine Corps and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
September 17: The US Air Force's 380th Expeditionary Maintenance Squadron uses x-ray machines for "nondestructive" inspections of F-15E Strike Eagles and other warplanes, searching deep within the aircraft for hidden foreign object debris.
"It's the quickest and most effective way to look ... without tearing the aircraft apart."
September 8: Modelling the physics of avian collisions is a must for anyone trying to design aircraft structures that can still fly safely immediately after such an incident, according to Chris Jones, VP for aerospace and defence at Cyient.
"Working out a single, overarching approach to impact simulation first requires a comparative assessment of the three most common current methods of modelling..."
"[We] know of a local rock quarry ... that had worn out tires from their earth movers that they needed to get rid of..."
Announcing Our New Runway Sweeper!
The FOD Control Corporation proudly announces the release of its new airport runway sweeper, the FOD-Razor™. This is a USA-manufactured, high-quality, lower-priced version of the popular friction mat sweeper that collects over 95% of everything it its path and is so portable that you can transport it in a pickup truck or small helicopter. Visit us online to learn more!
August 14: A Boeing 777 made an emergency landing at London's Heathrow Airport after a gradual accumulation of bubble wrap, wire and insulation blocked an air duct, leading to a failure of the cockpit's oxygen system. Neglect FOD control and it will build up over time.
Did Cockpit FOD Destroy a Fighter?
July 31: Investigators believe that an improperly stored checklist probably affected the controls of a Greek F-16 fighter jet, causing it to plunge to the ground shortly after takeoff in January, killing nine people.
August 18: A flock of birds caused a Mirage F1 fighter jet from the Royal Moroccan Air Force to crash during a landing operation. The pilot ejected and survived.
August 8: A hailstorm over the Great Plains of the central United States shattered the nose cone and cracked the windshields of an Airbus A320 on a Delta flight from Boston to Salt Lake City, forcing it to make an emergency landing in Denver.
August 13: The US Air National Guard usually collects FOD from its flight areas and shops. Now, the 109th Airlift Wing has a new mission: Deploy its new "debris clearance team" to disaster zones with chainsaws, skid steers, rakes and shovels to clear blocked roads, helping first responders and power companies to reach their destinations.
August 5: Barksdale Air Force Base's 2nd Maintenance Squadron Fabrication Flight helps to keep the B-52 fleet free of FOD by maintaining the integrity of the venerable Stratofortress' metal skin and bones.
July 26: From lawnmowers to electric fences, A US Department of Agriculture wildlife biologist describes how he manages the Bird/Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) program at Little Rock Air Force Base.
August 12: Reports of close calls between piloted aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles could quadruple in 2015, endangering aircraft and even aerial fire-fighting operations, according to the Federal Aviation Administration. The agency stressed that illegal drone activity is a criminal offense that can result in fines or even jail time.
August 4: Both commercial and general aviation airports continue to improve their reporting of wildlife strikes to the Federal Aviation Administration. The voluntary reporting program is so successful that the agency concluded that it's not necessary to make it mandatory at this time.
August 20: Officials at India's Biju Patnaik International Airport are concerned that the presence of nearby slaughterhouses, slums and agriculture attracts stray animals and birds to the airport.
July 27: Meet the North Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance specialists who ride that ribbon of highway every day, searching for and picking up large road debris, sometimes so stinky that even the prison road crews have a hard time touching it.
July 16: The new composite materials used to create light-weight aircraft — such as the Boeing 787 and Airbus A350 — can generate a lot of dust and particulates during the manufacturing process or in MRO facilities. Learn how one shop takes special measures to contain this tiny FOD before it contaminates the entire work area.
June 25: Is your manufacturing environment so sensitive that you need gloves to handle delicate equipment or goods? Watch these short demonstrations of how to put on cleanroom gloves in either general or sterile environments.
July 19: In what appears to be either a malicious attempt to spread a wildfire or an incredibly stupid act of negligence, a group of unmanned aerial vehicles harassed a firefighting tanker aircraft in California, forcing it to temporarily abandon efforts to control a massive blaze that destroyed several vehicles on a rural highway.
July 20: The Federal Aviation Administration is soliciting comments while it considers a proposed rule to tighten regulations for transport category airplanes, such as operating speeds at low altitudes, in order to lessen damage during bird strikes.
July 3: Diligent FOD prevention is always cost-effective! Airline operators in Nigeria report that bird strikes at the nation's airports cost their industry over $180 million per year, blaming negligence by government and regulatory agencies.
July 6: Naval airmen aboard the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS George Washington take pride in their aircraft, their maintenance efforts and their silent, thrice-per-day FOD walkdowns.
Check out Learn and Live, a vintage 1943 safety training video for pilots flying for US Army Air Forces during World War Two. Saint Peter and a flight instructor meet at the gates of Heaven to discuss why so many American pilots have recently died from preventable accidents. Complete with plane crashes and explosions with 1940's style visual effects.


text:
Home Features Government without Democracy
Government without Democracy
by Richard Longworth
Critics of the global economy often see it as anarchic, a mad market that has burst national bounds and floats free, unrestrained by the laws and rules that made the nation-based social market a decent place to live and do business. It is "wild capitalism," Benjamin R. Barber wrote last year in The American Prospect ["Globalizing Democracy," September 11, 2000]. He asked: "Can globalism be governed?"
Well, it is governed, but not in a way that soothes its critics or gives hope for democratic control of the global economy. In dozens of forums, from Montreal to Paris to Basel, effective laws, rules, and standards are being written in order to guide and channel global commerce. Government officials and international experts--often helped by the very industries and corporations they seek to regulate--are weaving a legal and supervisory web around the global economy. Nonbinding standards to promote uniformity in banking, accounting, and corporate behavior become templates of good conduct and take on the force of law.
Most insidiously, this governance grows by the day, even without new rules and laws. Often, old national rules and laws are interpreted or bent by regulators, to the point that differences between national codes are shaded or even erased. In the process, a new global law comes into being, to be enforced by the same people who created it. These new global rule-makers are well on their way to legislating the twenty-first century. And they are seldom subject to the same cross-pressures and democratic constraints that limit their domestic counterparts. This reality of governance, and not the dislocations of crossborder trade, is the real threat of globalism to democracy.
Efficiency above Equity
This is not black-helicopter stuff, the evil handiwork of conspirators bent on seizing global power and overriding the people's will. Instead, it's the product of dedicated, hardworking men and women doing what they're paid to do, which is to find ways to make the global economy work better. These people come from many different countries, but they share a faith in markets and a distaste for the messier aspects of democracy. They are members of small fraternities of global experts (often graduates of the same American universities), old pals from past seminars and negotiations: They admit that they may have more in common with one another than with other parts of their own government. Their mandate is a narrow one: efficiency rather than equity. If the world is made safer for bankers or investors or corporations, then they have done their job. They aren't under orders to look out for labor or communities or the environment, which have no voice.
The best-publicized negotiations are those likely to produce treaties that must be debated and ratified by Congress, like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). In contrast, Paris talks on the Multilateral Agreement on Investment, which would have overridden innumerable domestic regulations of participating nations, proceeded in secret for two years until nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) such as Global Trade Watch got wind of the endeavor, blew its cover, and helped kill it.
More common are the many new rules and regulations that nations agree upon but that have no chance for debate and no need for ratification. In Basel, the Bank for International Settlements has produced nonbinding but potent standards for bank inspectors. The International Accounting Standards Board in London is moving toward global rules for judging corporate value. In Montreal, the International Organization of Securities Commissions is overseeing regulations for stock markets around the world. The Financial Stability Forum, set up by the Group of Seven (the richest Western democracies) in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997 and 1998, has a mandate to frame a "global financial architecture," although much of the steam went out of its work as the crisis eased. In Geneva, the International Organization for Standardization has set global standards for more than 12,000 products, from the width of credit cards (.76 millimeter) to the size of screw threads. In Paris, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is a hive of this sort of activity: It hosted the abortive Multilateral Agreement on Investment talks, which were conducted in a room tucked away in the basement. This group has produced codes of corporate good behavior aimed at wiping out corruption and is working on harmonizing antitrust regulations.
Antitrust regulation is both arcane and important. It governs mergers and acquisitions in order to block monopolies, preserve market competition, and protect consumers. Such oversight can be densely technical, but it helps define a society's values by striking a balance between business and government. It also is a perfect example of the new rule making: It involves a tight and chummy group of regulators who are subject to little outside scrutiny and who work within a narrow mandate to shape global law.
There is, in fact, no global antitrust law. Instead, there are some 80 national antitrust laws, all descendants of the U.S. Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. These laws, many written since the Cold War ended, frequently differ in their details, such as documentation required and deadlines for regulatory action. More important, they spring from two different traditions. The free-market American tradition believes in wide-open competition, no matter what happens to individual companies, no matter what turmoil besets the society: Competition is good and, in the long run, will benefit both consumers and society. Opposing this "Chicago school" ideal is the more directed European model. European regulators are more inclined to seek social stability by protecting existing companies from predatory competition.
In short, the americans protect competition and the Europeans protect the competitors. Transnational mergers and acquisitions long ago surpassed trade as a driving force of the global economy. They have been rising at an annual rate of 42 percent for the past 20 years, and the pace is picking up. There were 24,000 transnational mergers and acquisitions in 1999--$2.3 trillion worth--and this doesn't count the global alliances that are creating what Cyrus F. Friedheim, Jr., vice chairman of Booz Allen and Hamilton, calls "the trilliondollar enterprise." Mergers between companies like Daimler and Chrysler, BP and Amoco, or Ford and Mazda are the glistening tip of an iceberg made up of thousands of cross-border linkages, the bulk of them between the United States and the European Union. These deals not only make the global economy happen; they have an enormous impact on where and how people live and work. Just ask the 10,000 Amoco employees who lost their jobs or the German autoworkers who find themselves struggling under leaner, meaner American labor practices.
Nor do these cross-border mergers affect only the companies' home countries. In a world in which global corporations do business everywhere, the merger of two companies from the same country can resonate in dozens of markets, especially if that country is the United States. The merger of Exxon and Mobil had to be approved by regulators in 60 countries. The biggest recent transatlantic disputes, over the mergers of Boeing with McDonnell Douglas and AOL with Time Warner, were caused by the power of these American firms in the European market. Similarly, the merger in Europe of Vodafone, AirTouch Communications, and Mannesmann had to be approved by the United States.
A Global Brotherhood
Overseeing all this activity are a few hundred antitrust officials in Washington, D.C., and Brussels. Obviously, they can't keep track of it all, and they don't try. Only the largest mergers are even officially "notified." Of these, about 10 percent get reviewed, and perhaps 1 percent are challenged. Almost all go through smoothly and quietly, maybe with a modification or two. It is only the rare challenge--like the European Union's questioning of the merger of AOL with Time Warner--that becomes a political issue and hits the headlines. In fact, regulators see these public challenges as a breakdown in the system they are trying to build. Though there is no single global antitrust law, these men and women often behave as though there is. Pro-market, they are lowering the barrier to mergers as far as possible. Outright monopolies are out. Short of that, bigness is in.
In the process, global antitrust practice is converging--but not toward some happy medium between U.S. and European traditions. The American approach has taken over. The goal now on both sides of the Atlantic "is to benefit consumers through economic efficiency," says Bernard J. (Joe) Phillips, an antitrust official with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. "This has become a global attitude."
In other words, score another win for the Chicago school, thanks as much to a global good-old-boy network as to economic analysis. Antitrust officials may work for different governments, but they come out of the same stable. They all speak English, of course, and they speak the same ideological language. Many non-Americans among them are graduates of U.S universities, where the free market theology runs strong. They communicate daily by phone or e-mail, coordinating their approaches to reviews and challenges. The regulators also meet regularly--at conferences, at European universities, at an annual seminar at Fordham University, at meetings organized by the American Bar Association, and especially at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, which actively promotes harmonization of antitrust practice. Seen by the public as a transatlantic donnybrook, the AOL–Time Warner merger was actually an example of cooperation in overdrive: Officials in Washington and Brussels pulled together to save the merger, despite genuine EU worries about its competitive impact in Europe.
By necessity, this arcane priesthood of regulators works closely with merging corporations and their lawyers, many of whom used to be regulators themselves. So in the framing of global antitrust law, business has a seat at the table. But labor doesn't, nor do environmentalists, nor do communities. They aren't asked to participate, and most of them don't realize the stake they have in any merger until a factory closes or a headquarters crosses an ocean.
Even the NGOs that try to keep an eye on the World Trade Organization (WTO) and International Monetary Fund find that there's just too much going on--not only in antitrust but in all the other rule making--for their small staffs to monitor. Spokeswoman Katie Burnham of Global Trade Watch, the bane of the WTO, says that her group is overwhelmed by all this new global governance: "It's so hard to keep up, much less educate the public about what's going on."
As members of governments, antitrust officials probably should consider the impact of mergers on the broader society before blessing them. But this isn't part of their mandate. They are under orders to decide whether a particular merger restricts competition or promotes the free market. If it passes these tests, it's okay. The regulators assume that labor activists or environmentalists can influence a merger by pressuring some other part of the government. Theoretically, this is true. In practice, it seldom happens.
The Bush administration probably will promote this casual lumping together of national antitrust laws even more enthusiastically than the Clinton administration did, if only because big business wants it so badly. Global corporations despise the time and effort required to notify dozens of jurisdictions of pending mergers and are pressing for one-stop shopping--some standard notification coupled with a unified deadline for regulatory action. Joel Klein, the Justice Department's Microsoft buster who spearheaded much of this kind of transatlantic cooperation, made a speech just before his retirement calling for a new international agency to coordinate antitrust activity--a sort of WTO for mergers. The European Union even has suggested giving this job to the WTO itself, despite that body's unpopularity outside the globalizing elite. In addition, the European Union, the United States, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development are helping emerging economies to write their antitrust laws; and these new laws, not surprisingly, often look like clones.
The convergence of antitrust rules has several things in common with other global rule-making. First, outside scrutiny is not encouraged. Much of the activity takes place in countries like Switzerland, free of open-meeting rules. Even after Global Trade Watch and other NGOs learned about the Multilateral Agreement on Investment talks in Paris, they were kept in the corridor outside that basement room, forced to ferret out draft treaties from disaffected delegates. The WTO has an arms-length relationship with NGOs based in Geneva. It occasionally invites them in for briefings, but each side views the other with suspicion. The WTO's notorious dispute-settlement procedure, of course, is closed to all outsiders--including affected groups, such as environmentalists, that would like to file briefs.
Second, almost all this work is complex and tedious. This is enough to keep away congressional scrutiny and press coverage: No political or journalistic reputations are made here. It also means that corporations and traders--the only players who really understand what's going on--are writing and enforcing their own rules. Economist Wolfgang H. Reinicke, author of Global Public Policy, has written about how the Bank for International Settlements, faced with the growing complexity of global banking, has been forced to ask the banks themselves for regulatory help.
Third, this work--no matter how arcane--makes a difference in how people live. It matters how and for whom banks are run. Lending codes, for instance, determine which projects get financed, which factories get built, and which workers get jobs. What goes on inside a corporate boardroom is important to everyone that corporation affects: In a world where some corporations are more powerful than the countries with which they do business, transparency counts. When two big companies merge, factories open or close, jobs are won or lost, communities rise or fall.
Finally, no one can doubt the need for new rules and regulations. A truly anarchic global economy would be a jungle ruled by thugs and thieves, with no investment security, no banking standards, no corporate transparency--a Darwinian world where no honest business would dare enter. The global economy exists, whether Pat Buchanan approves or not. If it is to thrive, it must be tamed to the benefit of the people who do business in it. This point is indisputable. But it's not enough. The global governance now taking shape is a lopsided, unbalanced affair that serves the businesspeople, investors, and corporations that drive the governance but not the societies that must live with it.
The WTO exists to promote free trade. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's mission is to further economic integration. The International Organization of Securities Commissions wants a global stock market. Nothing sinister lurks here. Sovereign governments created these organizations and gave them their marching orders, and it is useless to chastise them for doing their job.
But their job is to write and enforce global rules and regulations that are intended to supersede national codes. These national codes existed within a national political framework that included a variety of interests--not just business--all fighting in a public arena where every voice was heard. As Benjamin Barber pointed out in TAP, the global economy has escaped national boundaries, but democracy and its practitioners have not. Most democratic institutions--political parties, parliaments, the press, and many political action committees and pressure groups--are nation-based and nation-bound. NGOs operate globally via the Internet and can have stunning impact. But even the big ones, like Global Trade Watch, are small in comparison to the global activity they must cover. They simply don't have the people or the money to monitor every negotiation on every banking standard or merger.
At best, the progress toward global governance has been uneven. The WTO, the only global body able to enforce its decisions through its own court, would be a useful part of any global government--the way the Commerce Department and the U.S. Trade Representative's Office are in the United States. But such a world government should also include a labor department, an environmental ministry, perhaps a culture ministry, and a cacophony of congressmen or parliamentarians to represent local interests, as national governments do. When a decision had to be made, all these interests would gather around a cabinet table or in a hearing room and fight it out. The result, usually, would be a compromise satisfying no one but serving everyone.
Yet no cabinet table or hearing room exists at the international level. The UN Environment Program, isolated in Nairobi, is a lightweight among the sumo wrestlers of the global economy. The International Labor Organization (ILO) does useful work and beats the drum for the inclusion of labor standards in trade pacts, but its standards are nonbinding and few pay attention. The UN Conference on Trade and Development represents third-world interests and, not coincidentally, publishes the best statistics on foreign investment; but like the ILO, it has no say when important decisions are made.
So the WTO--which should be a useful but equal partner in the business of global governance--looms unchallenged, carrying out its business-driven mandate to expand free trade, without effective opposition from other potential partners. Laws are enforced, but by secret courts like the tribunals that settle WTO disputes or the international tribunals that are replacing national courts in global commercial arbitration. A common denominator of these tribunals is their hostility to briefs from outside parties, who might be affected by their rulings. Civil society may chant outside the gates of Seattle or Quebec, but Washington is not listening. Indeed, President George W. Bush's speech at the Quebec summit in April extolled the blessings bestowed by a Free Trade Area Agreement of the Americas on businesspeople, traders, and investors, while barely giving lip service to protection of laborers, consumers, and the environment. If there is more to life than economics, you'd never know it from the shape the global economy is taking.
The crisis, then, is not global anarchy, nor a lack of laws, nor the weakness of national governments. It is the growing code of global laws--often written by representatives of national governments and enforced by regulators from those governments--that supersede national laws and increasingly govern the lives of citizens who have no say in how they are written. This is governance, and it is certainly a rule of law. But by no means can it be called democracy.
Issue: Blocking Bush's Judgernaut


You're probably thinking I abandoned the effort of repairing my Mom's ancient Dell workstation with the failed hard drive previously running Windows 98, right? Well not so fast my friend!
After about 80 hours of struggling to get Ubuntu to a usable and consistent state (yes, I feel less than brilliant about that), I finally concluded the hard drive I'd dug out of my box of obscure, random computer parts was bad itself. Way to go Einstein.
I found a deal on an 80GB, 7200RPM drive at Microcenter for $50, purchased it for pick-up on their web site, pulled the jumper, attached the 40-pin, mounted it to the chassis, booted into and installed Ubuntu, updated the distro, and wala: Ubuntu lives! Insultingly, this entire effort, including time spent retrieving the hard drive from Microcenter consumed a whopping 2 hours.
Mom visited this weekend. I spent 10 minutes walking her through the interface, how to configure the wireless card when returning home, and using OpenOffice.


text:
package org.jboss.netty.bootstrap;

import static org.easymock.EasyMock.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineException;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.util.DummyHandler;
import org.jboss.netty.util.TestUtil;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * An abstract test class to test socket client bootstraps
 */
public abstract class AbstractSocketClientBootstrapTest {

    protected abstract ChannelFactory newClientSocketChannelFactory(Executor executor);

    @Test(timeout = 10000)
    public void testFailedConnectionAttempt() throws Exception {
        ClientBootstrap bootstrap = new ClientBootstrap();
        bootstrap.setFactory(newClientSocketChannelFactory(Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
        bootstrap.getPipeline().addLast("dummy", new DummyHandler());
        bootstrap.setOption("remoteAddress", new InetSocketAddress("255.255.255.255", 1));
        ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect();
        future.awaitUninterruptibly();
        assertFalse(future.isSuccess());
        assertTrue(future.getCause() instanceof IOException);
        bootstrap.releaseExternalResources();
    }

    @Test(timeout = 10000)
    public void testSuccessfulConnectionAttempt() throws Throwable {
        ClientBootstrap bootstrap =
                new ClientBootstrap(newClientSocketChannelFactory(Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));

        ServerSocketChannel serverSocket = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocket.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));

        try {
            serverSocket.configureBlocking(false);

            bootstrap.getPipeline().addLast("dummy", new DummyHandler());
            bootstrap.setOption(
                    "remoteAddress",
                    new InetSocketAddress(
                            TestUtil.getLocalHost(),
                            serverSocket.socket().getLocalPort()));

            ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect();
            serverSocket.accept();
            future.awaitUninterruptibly();

            if (future.getCause() != null) {
                throw future.getCause();
            }
            assertTrue(future.isSuccess());

            future.getChannel().close().awaitUninterruptibly();
        } finally {
            try {
                serverSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Ignore.
            }
            bootstrap.shutdown();
            bootstrap.releaseExternalResources();
        }
    }

    @Test(timeout = 10000)
    public void testSuccessfulConnectionAttemptWithLocalAddress() throws Throwable {
        ClientBootstrap bootstrap =
                new ClientBootstrap(newClientSocketChannelFactory(Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));

        ServerSocketChannel serverSocket = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocket.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));

        try {
            serverSocket.configureBlocking(false);

            bootstrap.getPipeline().addLast("dummy", new DummyHandler());
            bootstrap.setOption(
                    "remoteAddress",
                    new InetSocketAddress(
                            TestUtil.getLocalHost(),
                            serverSocket.socket().getLocalPort()));
            bootstrap.setOption("localAddress", new InetSocketAddress(0));

            ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect();
            serverSocket.accept();
            future.awaitUninterruptibly();

            if (future.getCause() != null) {
                throw future.getCause();
            }
            assertTrue(future.isSuccess());

            future.getChannel().close().awaitUninterruptibly();
        } finally {
            try {
                serverSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Ignore.
            }
            bootstrap.shutdown();
            bootstrap.releaseExternalResources();
        }
    }

    @Test(expected = ChannelPipelineException.class)
    public void testFailedPipelineInitialization() throws Exception {
        ClientBootstrap bootstrap = new ClientBootstrap(createMock(ChannelFactory.class));
        ChannelPipelineFactory pipelineFactory = createMock(ChannelPipelineFactory.class);
        bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(pipelineFactory);

        expect(pipelineFactory.getPipeline()).andThrow(new ChannelPipelineException());
        replay(pipelineFactory);

        ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect(new InetSocketAddress(TestUtil.getLocalHost(), 1));
        future.awaitUninterruptibly();
        bootstrap.shutdown();
        bootstrap.releaseExternalResources();
    }

    @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
    public void shouldHaveRemoteAddressOption() {
        new ClientBootstrap(createMock(ChannelFactory.class)).connect();
    }

    @Test(expected = NullPointerException.class)
    public void shouldDisallowNullRemoteAddressParameter1() {
        new ClientBootstrap(createMock(ChannelFactory.class)).connect(null);
    }

    @Test(expected = NullPointerException.class)
    public void shouldDisallowNullRemoteAddressParameter2() {
        new ClientBootstrap(createMock(ChannelFactory.class)).connect(null, null);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Festivals in Hull
BBC Contains Strong Language 2019 in Hull: Dates, what's on, locations and everything you need to know
Hull's top poets line-up alongside national names for a festival worth talking about
The statue of the late poet and Hull University librarian Philip Larkin in Paragon Station (Image: rstebbing)
A posse of Hull poets are set to rub shoulders with top national names with the BBC Contains Strong Language festival in Hull this weekend.
The so-called Hull 19 will line-up alongside the likes of poet laureate Simon Armitage, actress Maxine Peake, who is performing with the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra, and singers Camillie O'Sullivan and Richard Strange.
Now in its third year, the celebration of poetry, spoken word, new writing and live performance was originally launched as part of Hull's 2017 City of Culture programme.
Since then it's become an annual fixture in the city's arts calendar.
This years festival takes place from Friday, September 27, to Sunday, September 29, at venues across Hull.
But if you can't catch a live show, large chunks of the action are being broadcast to the nation via BBC Radio 3, Radio 4, 1Xtra and 6Music as well as Radio Humberside.
Poet Laureate Simon Armitage (Image: PA)
Here's a guide to the festival , who you can see and where they will be performing.
What is BBC Contains Strong Language?
A weekend of poetry, spoken word and performance brought together by a partnership including the BBC, Hull-based Wrecking Ball Press, Arts Council England, the British Council and the Makassar International Writers Festival.
Was Hull UK City of Culture 2017 hit or miss? Long-awaited report to give official verdict
When is it?
This year's festival runs from Friday, September 27 to Sunday, September 29.
Events are taking place at venues across the city centre, while the main festival hub is Hull College's glass-fronted Horncastle Building, home to the Riverside Theatre and close to North Bridge.
The venue will host live performances and broadcast events such as Radio 3's The Verb, Radio 4's Front Row and 6Music's The Freakzone.
Audiences will also get the chance to browse and buy books at a festival bookstall within the college.
Camille O'Sullivan (Image: Daily Record)
The other festival locations are Hull Truck Theatre in Ferensway, Hull Central Library in Albion Street, Jubilee Church in King Edward Street, the University of Hull's Middleton Hall off Cottingham Road, the Old School House in Malton Street, BBC Radio Humberside in Queens Dock Avenue, Scale Lane Bridge and Sirius Academy West in Anlaby Park Road South.
What is on?
Events start on the Friday afternoon, with a packed programme running for three days until the Sunday evening featuring poetry, spoken word, workshops, performances, film screenings, live broadcasts, events recorded for future broadcasts and live music.
Programmes are available at Hull Truck Theatre and at the Hull Visitor Information Point at Paragon Interchange and a full festival overview can be found here.
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Avenues restaurant closed for refurb
Toby Carvery to deliver to your door
Full list of 0 or 1 hygiene ratings
Tickets for free events can be booked on the Hull Truck website at www.hulltruck.co.uk/citywide-events/bbc-contains-strong-language/ and for three paid events at bbccsl.eventbrite.com
Who is in it from Hull?
There are more local talents taking part than ever before, ranging from No Larkin About and Jodie Langford to Chiedu Oraka and Vicky Foster.
The latter will be reprising her Freedom Festival collaboration with Hull band The Broken Orchestra, combining to deliver a one-hour guided tour of the River Hull set to a landscape of words and music.
Chiedu Oraka (Image: Chiedu Oraka)
Hull poet and newly-published author Joe Hakim will be hosting some of the Radio Humberside coverage while Hull's self-styled fourth best poet Dean Wilson is the subject of a short film by Dave Lee which is being premiered at Hull Truck.
Rallying Cry is a medley of spoken word performances featuring some of the country's most outspoken artists addressing the state of the nation and imagining a better tomorrow.
It's being staged in the Old School in Malton Street.
Carl Wheatley on life after Radio Humberside and why he feels like he's 'come home'
If that doesn't float your boat, Zoom! might be your cup of tea instead.
A multi-media performance by students from Sirius Academy West, Ganton School and the Hull Music Service will fuse words by poet laureate Simon Armitage on an intergalactic theme to celebrate the recent 50th anniversary of the first Moon landing.
The music is by award-winning composer John Harle while Hull-born architect Richard Scott has designed a spectacular accompanying light show.
Most events over the weekend are free although tickets still need to be booked in advance.
Maxine Peake (Image: Getty Images)
There are a few paid-for events including Mark Ravenhill's version of Bertolt Brecht's The Mother, featuring award-winning actress Maxine Peake performing the iconic role of Pelagea Vlassova, a woman whose radical action to protect her son from imprisonment transforms her into the figurehead for a revolutionary movement.
The performance at Middleton Hall is already sold out but it is being recorded live for broadcast on BBC 3.
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Organic food is not solely defined by the inputs that farmers are (and are not) allowed to use. Rather, 'organic' is better defined by the natural systems that farmers must foster to create a nutritious product.
These natural systems include nutrient cycling when animals graze and fertilize pasture, attracting predators to control pests, planting a diversity of crops to control disease, and sequestering carbon in the soil to hold water and nutrients.
Why shouldn't soil-less operations such as hydroponic and containerized systems be considered eligible for organic certification, even if the operations utilize only approved inputs? Because the law says so!
The Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) requires that certified operations properly manage soil health. In contrast, soil-less operations depend on the addition of approved inputs, in a solution, to produce a crop, rather than primarily relying on the natural processes in the soil to feed the plant.
Organic farming has always been defined by the complex biological systems that farmers are required to nurture, which ultimately produce healthier, more nutrient-dense products with minimal inputs.
For example, organic farmers can simply put a plant into healthy soil that is high in organic matter, water the crop as needed throughout the season, and then allow soil life (i.e., bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and arthropods) to make nutrients available to the crop plant.
Mycorrhizal fungi, for example, are particularly good at unlocking the essential macronutrient phosphorous from the mineral fractions of the soil.
In contrast, to produce a crop hydroponically, growers must continuously feed plants with liquid nutrients.
Alarmingly, for the last several years, the NOP has been allowing the organic certification of hydroponic operations, in direct violation of current law and a reinforcing recommendation made by the NOSB in 2010.
The majority of organically certified, soil-less hydroponic operations primarily rely on hydrolyzed soybeans to achieve the fertility needed to produce a crop.
This, too, Cornucopia contends, is illegal, since the soybeans used to produce the liquid fertilizer are conventionally produced and, therefore, most likely Roundup®-ready/GMO, also prohibited in organics.
The production of hydrolyzed soy fertilizer involves boiling conventional soybeans in an acid, usually sulfuric acid, for several hours and then neutralizing the substance with a base, usually sodium hydroxide.
How this process is considered "natural," and therefore not required for review by the NOSB, will also be legally challenged by Cornucopia.
Even if other approved materials are used for fertilization, hydroponic and containerized systems obtain the majority of their nutrients from these liquid fertilizers. The idea that farmers can artificially add everything a plant needs in order to produce the same nutritious crop grown in soil is no doubt a sin of hubris.
For example, all a plant needs to grow is carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, chlorine, cobalt, molybdenum, and nickel.
However, in the last few years scientists have begun to describe how silicon improves plant vigor and, in turn, prevents osteoporosis when consumed in the diet.
What other micronutrients might we be missing from our soil-less nutrient solutions that make our crops more flavorful and nutritious, while benefiting our health?
One teaspoon of soil contains literally billions of organisms, comprised of thousands of separate species. Crop root exudates feed this soil life which, in turn, make micronutrients and minerals available to the crop in complex pathways that we have not begun to describe.
Crops depend on soil microbial diversity much in the way that humans are a "superorganism," a residence for microbes with whom we have coevolved to perform critical functions for our health, as described by the National Institutes of Health's Human Microbiome Project.
Esteemed Maine soil-based farmer Eliot Coleman, a mentor to many organic farmers, hangs his hat on nurturing biological diversity in the soil.
Coleman is actively speaking out against the organic certification of containerized systems. He can remember the origins of the organic farming movement in this country.
Soil is a central tenet to organic farming. No doubt, hydroponic systems can produce a crop. And producing food without soil, in urban areas, might be a nice option in the winter. But is that crop 'organic'?
Hydroponic and other soil-less production may have a place in a sustainable future, but products should be labeled as "hydroponic," so consumers can make informed decisions, rather than piggy-backing on the organic label that, by law, clearly states that produce is a result of natural complex processes taking place in healthy soil.
The NOSB continues to debate whether or not soilless container operations should be considered for organic certification. Keeping the door open to the certification of container operations provides a loophole for production methods that depend on liquid fertilization, rather than soil.


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Silver Centre is a ghost town in Timiskaming District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada, situated in South Lorrain Township. It is located approximately  south of North Cobalt, and  west of Highway 567. Silver Centre was a secondary camp to the great silver fields of Cobalt, discovered in 1903. There are no current residents in Silver Centre. It is still an active mineral field and does at times have active mineral exploration.

The first discovery of silver in the area was made in the 1874 by a lumberman named Pat Manion. He blazed a stump as a witness or discovery tree and showed his sample to his fellow workers at the bunkhouse; everybody believed the sample to be common lead, and Manion agreed. A decade later while discussing his find to a young geologist, Manion discovered that the sample was nearly pure silver, to his surprise. Manion returned to the Ryan Timber Limit where he searched in vain for the location, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. The story of Manion's lost silver mine became legendary throughout the Gatineau-Ottawa region. In August 1903 silver was quickly discovered near the railway bed during the construction of the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway. The discovery made at Long Lake,  north of North Bay, was spectacular. And within one year a silver rush occurred and subsequently the town of Cobalt was established to cater to the world's greatest silver region.

The South Lorrain camp produced the Keeley "nugget", which weighed 4,402 pounds and contained 24,222 ounces of silver.

Rediscovery and initial boom 1907–1910

A young Robert Jowsey who grew up with the story of Manion's lost silver mine obtained a crude map from William Purcell, another lumberman who worked with Manion in the Ryan Timber Limit. In 1907, Jowsey, prompted by the stories of the rich silver strikes of Cobalt, arrived at Haileybury and quickly teamed up with two seasoned prospectors, James Wood and Charlie Keeley. The three men arrived in South Lorrain Township where a number of prospectors were already on the scene. In October, James Wood discovered a small piece of float which contained some visible silver. An assay test was made which disclosed over  of silver per ton. The sample also disclosed cobalt, an associated but well sought-after mineral. A few months later Manion's discovery post was found by Woods.

Prospectors, promoters and mining men filled the region by 1908, and over 1500 men were in the region looking for silver. The following year three mines were in production: Keeley, Bellellen and Wettlaufer. In 1908 the government of Ontario stepped in to alleviate the difficulties involved with mining development. On the shores of Lake Timiskaming, at a location formerly known as Sullivan's Landing,  east of the camp, the authorities laid out a town site, erected a  wharf and built a tote road to the camp.

By 1909, three active mines were in production the Keeley, Bellellen and the Wettlaufer mines. At the lakeside town site a dozen businesses established themselves to cater to the boom. The Temiskaming Navigation company assumed steamship services, while the site counted a general store, a school, a restaurant, a hardware store, a few cartage and freighting companies and other enterprises. Just south of the government town site a small mining company, which failed to find silver on their lakeside claim, subdivided a portion of their land into a town site as well and sold housing lots. At the camp, a branch of the Farmers Bank, a financier of the Keely Mine, was established.

Decline, stagnation and renewed exploration 1910–1918

In 1910 activity was waning in the district as no additional discoveries of silver were made.  Of the three operating mines, only one, the Wettlaufer, proved feasible. In 1911 the Keeley Mine suspended operations after the Farmers Bank collapsed; shortly afterward the Bellellen also closed down, followed by the Wettlaufer in 1913. The camp's total production by 1913 consisted of a little more than  of silver; the Keeley and Bellellen produced approximately  each while the Wettlaufer held the balance of the camp's production at slightly less than .

During the remainder of the decade the camp stood still and silent due in part from a lack of financing, the Great War (1914–18) and partially from the camps dismal production record.  Activity at the camp was restricted to some minor leasing and exploration efforts. Much of the exploration activity was conducted by James MacItosh Bell on the Keeley Mine, who theorized that the bulk of the silver still lay deep within the rock. In 1916 the Curry Mine was brought into production but mostly operated by a lease on the Wettlaufer mine, whose main production vein crossed 50 feet into the Curry property.

At the landing town site most businesses and residents had left, though steamships still called.  The few remaining residents moved inland some 5 km (inland) at the edge of the active mining field at Loon Lake. By 1912 a general store, restaurant and a few stores had relocated here to be nearer to the one active mine, the Wettlaufer. The small rag-tag settlement became the de facto town site for area residents. The school and post office both relocated here and a small Catholic church was erected.

Renewed development and second boom 1918–1930

By the end of the decade renewed hopes were beginning to shine on the camp. Enough exploration work had been conducted while Bell's encouraging reports were finally giving the camp some positive results. In 1918, new ore reserves were disclosed at the Keely mine; however, it would take four more years before the Keeley became fully operational. A second property began to show promise in 1920 as well. The Haileybury Silver property (Frontier) had received some attention and soon the need for cobalt would prompt this property back under the microscope. In 1921 extensive drilling and intense underground drifting disclosed ample cobalt reserve and eventually a large silver ore shoot indicating over  of silver was discovered. The junior company quickly sold the property to the Mining Corporation of Canada, a major silver producer based in Cobalt, for $525,000. By the end of 1922 the Frontier Mine was the second mine fully operational and like the Keeley, had begun to ship high-grade ore. The T&NO Railway found the prospects at Silver so enticing that it announced the construction of a branchline to the which was finally completed in 1924. The Keeley and Frontier add stamp and flotation mills to recuperate the rich mill grade ores associated with the native silver.

The following year in 1925, Mining Corporation, which held a number of claims to the south of the Keeley Mine, reorganized them into the Lorrain Trout Lake Mine. Exploration and underground drilling indicated enough ore for a third mine on the fable Woods Vein. Other properties were re-explored, a few were closely examined, and a few were brought into production throughout the decade. The Harris Mine opened in 1925 and the Curry in 1930. Cobalt was also produced as a byproduct and proved very lucrative; in most instances it paid for the operations of the mines.

By the middle of the 1920s, while Cobalt's production was slowing down, Silver Centre's was at the height of its boom years. The new mining activity prompted the development of a third new town site, this time situated at the camp. As early as 1915 Eugene Provencher moved his store and the post office to the Montrose property's bunkhouse from Loon Lake. By 1918 a few residents brave enough to squat on inactive claims did so as well. This time the owners of such claims no longer actively pursued the removal of squatters but welcomed them, leasing lots for a nominal monthly fee. In 1924 there were over 65 homes at the camp as well several new businesses such as a rooming house, a movie theatre, a general store, a confectionery and ice cream shop, a motor garage, a barber shop, restaurant and a Chinese laundry. The new community counted two schools; an English public school and a separate French school where Catholic and Anglican services were also conducted on Sundays. Near the end of the branch line the T&NO built a two-story station a water tank and wye for the trains. They even built a bunkhouse for the section men stationed there and employed a full-time station agent.

Near the old government wharf at the "old Silver Centre" or Sullivan's Landing, a new community had emerged just to the north of the old settlement. Established in the early 1920s around three smaller mines, the small hamlet sprouted around Maidens Creek. The creek and the post office established in 1926 by the name of Maidens was named for Norman Maidens who staked and worked nearly two decades on his claims before it became a producing mine. At the height of the boom Maidens could claim a dozen homes, a school and a store.

Decline and abandonment

The prosperity of the 1920s would prove very brief, however; by 1928 ore reserves were declining. After the great stock market crash of 1929, silver prices plummeted worldwide and stood below to at $0.38 in 1930 making silver mining nearly unprofitable. In 1931 the Keeley Mine ceased operations permanently after producing  of silver and  of cobalt. The same year the Lorain Trout Lake Mine shut down after producing  of silver and  of cobalt, a respectable sum for a mid-sized mine. The Frontier Mine finally followed suit in 1932 after producing  of silver and  of cobalt. The total production of the camp between 1918 and 1932 stood an astounding  of silver and  of cobalt.

With dwindling mining activity after 1931 the exodus of miners, businessmen and residents accentuated. By 1935 less than 100 people remained at the site. With no traffic the T&NO closed the Lorrain branch shortly after in 1935 lifted the entire branch line. Little was left of Silver Centre by the close of the 1930s, the schools closed in 1937 as did the post office in 1939. The Silver Centre Camp once a rival to Cobalt was no more than a distant memory. After 1940 no one remained at the camp proper, and only a few residents remained at Maidens. In 1961 Harry Miller after much success reworking old defunct mines in Cobalt and Brady Lake turned his attention on the Keeley-Frontier properties. Between 1961-65 he rehabilitated the Keeley #3 and produced a small amount of silver. After his death in a car accident mining stopped and little was done until the 1980s and 90s where exploration resulted in some production.

Today very little remains except for rubble, tailings and much waste rock. Amidst the grass and trees a few foundations can be discerned, notably Miller's rehabilitated #3 shaft. At the old landing town site only a few posts and foundations remain as well as the footing for the old wharf. Silver Centre is today a very dangerous place to visit; unlike Cobalt none of its shafts are fenced off or stabilized and lie everywhere amongst the rejuvenating forest. Exploration of the site by the public should be strictly discouraged. To this day mining companies and private interests retain ownership of the claims and it is private property.

References

Sources

 Fancy, Peter Fenwick, Silver Centre: The story of an Ontario mining camp, volume 1 & 2, Highway Book Shop, Cobalt, Ontario, 1985
 Fancy, Peter Fenwick, A Road Guide To Historic Lorrain Townships, Highway Book Shops, Cobalt, 1995
 McIlwaine, W.H., Geology of South Lorrain Township, Report 83, Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs, 1970.
 Surtees, Robert J., The Northern Connection: Ontario Northland Since 1902, Captus Press, 1992
 Yvan P.Charbonneau: Text adapted by author from a previously published work entitled: Silver Centre; The Booms and Bust of a Silver Camp in Northern Ontario (1907–1940)

Mining communities in Ontario
Silver mines in Canada
Ghost towns in Northern Ontario
Communities in Timiskaming District

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