text:
Promoting Awareness Responsibility and Care on our roads
Contact: Susan Gray (Chairperson): susan@parcgroup.ie Tel: 086 377 3784
 Aisling Reid: 086 4186498
Cathy Reid: 087 9652194
Noel Clancy: 087 2378736
PARC's Campaigns
'Finding Your Way' a guide for families of victims
World Day of Remembrance
PARC Leading Lights Awards
Victim Support
'Finding Your Way' - a guide for families of road traffic victims
Some comments from bereaved families
20th July 2020 - Message of thanks from Co Armagh family
"I lost my beloved sister in a tragic road traffic collision. I was so traumatised that I could not find the words to ask what happened. I am very grateful to An Garda Siochana for posting me a copy of PARC's booklet 'Finding Your Way' - a guide for families of road traffic victims. The booklet was such a help and comfort to me.
Susan and her colleagues in PARC have written it in plain and simple language which I could understand. It really helped me to clarify my thoughts and understand the process of an investigation. I spoke to Susan and she was so helpful and compassionate and guided me to understand what I should ask and what would happen next. I am very grateful to this lovely lady who gave of her time to help me in my distress. She is to be highly commended for her dedication to helping others and on publishing this information booklet to help and support other people in tragic circumstances such as mine".
Co Armagh family
*****************
"Just wanted to say a massive thank you for your support after the tragic loss of my husband in January. Your prompt response to sending out copies of the 'Finding Your Way' booklet, your emails and telephone calls, have helped both myself and my family during this devastating time. Your booklet has given us invaluable information as regards the various stages of the processes involved, without which we would have been lost. Sincerest thanks"
Loraine – Co.Tipperary
"Without the PARC 'Finding Your Way' booklet we would have been truly lost and would not have known what to expect"... These are the words of Christopher Fitzgerald's wife and daughter when describing to us how helpful our guide was to them following his tragic death on a road traffic collision in 2018.
Co Offaly Family
*****************
"The PARC Road Safety Group's information guide 'Finding Your Way' really has been a great help to our family after my brother was killed in a road crash. I wouldn't have known a lot about many entitlements to information and meetings if it wasn't for this booklet. Thanks".
Co Meath family.
To Susan and all involved in PARC
"After the death of our beloved Brian in a Road Traffic Collision, we started looking for answers. We would like to express our sincere thanks to all at PARC. The booklet PARC created "Finding Your Way" has been a great source of practical information at a time in our lives when we did not know where to turn . The support and assistance we have received from PARC has been invaluable."
The Regan Family, Galway
"Following the tragic deaths of Geraldine and Louise in a road traffic collision, we were given the PARC Road Safety Group's "Finding Your Way" booklet by our Garda Family Liaison Officer. The booklet is a fantastic resource which explains the complexities of the legal system surrounding road traffic collisions in a simple to understand format. The booklet guided us through what was an extremely overwhelming and confusing time.
We can't thank PARC Road Safety Group enough for their support and guidance. Through their hard work and lobbying, they assisted us in our successful efforts to change the laws regarding car owners who knowingly allow their car to be driven by an unaccompanied learner driver. This change in law is estimated to save 15 lives a year.
Clancy Family, Co. Cork
"In the days following our son Karl Robertson's death in 2017, our Garda Liaison Officer gave us a booklet called "Finding Your Way" from the organisation PARC. This booklet was invaluable to our family. This was a whole new world to us and we didn't understand anything that was happening with regards to the investigation and we didn't know what to expect. Anytime any of us had a thought or question regarding anything to do with the investigation, we would go straight to the book and always find an answer, or it would guide us in the right direction.
Tony, Cathy Niamh and our extended family would like to thank PARC for all you have done for us, following the death of our beautiful Karl. PARC have been a tower of strength to us and we are eternally grateful to you".
The Reid Family, Co. Dublin
" The Finding Your Way guide was one of the most useful booklets I have used since the tragic death of my sister. The guide has allowed me to understand the meaning of all of the processes that come along with the death of a loved one, in simple Plain English language. This booklet is not just a guide that I have read once, I refer to it on a regular basis. PARC Road Safety Group is one of the most genuine, supportive and understanding group of individuals. They devote themselves to helping grieving families all over Ireland, families who have lost loved ones through road traffic collisions".
Co. Carlow family
" Finding Your Way has been an excellent guide for our family. It gave us a very good insight following the death of Paul aged 16 due to a traffic collision. In our opinion this booklet should be given to everyone caught up in these circumstances. Forever grateful, Paul's Grandmother, ,
Dublin Northside".
"Our family found the 'Finding Your Way' booklet to be a great guide on what to expect following the tragic death of our mother. No other resource explains in detail, what to expect and who to turn to for information. This to us was invaluable…."
 Co. Meath family
"Over two years ago we got in touch with PARC as a result of the tragic loss of our daughter Mary and unborn granddaughter Mollie in a road traffic crash. The help they have been and still are in relation to us finding out the truth, and that is all we want, has been invaluable. When you are at your lowest, the help and guidance we got, the information as to what you are entitled to - from the Finding Your Way booklet could never be valued. It allowed us to open doors that we didn't even know were there….."
Co. Waterford family
"My family and I have received much help from the PARC road safety group and especially the PARC booklet. This guide is full of helpful and useful information and contact telephone numbers - the best free booklet we ever read. Many thanks."
Co. Tipperary family
" We found this booklet very useful as some family members were finding the process complicated to follow, due to shock, the information wasn't being retained so this guide helped greatly. It was also a great source of other avenues/services to seek if we need them…."
Co. Cork family
"The Finding Your Way guide was a great source of information and guidance at the darkest time in our lives. We found it especially useful regarding what to expect when the inquest was coming up and the importance of engaging a solicitor. It is a great source of information on every aspect of what to expect after the loss or serious injury of a loved one. It outlines in a very straight forward way the steps involved in the court procedures."
Co. Monaghan family
"My search for truth has been greatly assisted by this booklet produced by PARC road safety group."
"After we lost our only son in a traffic collision I started looking for answers as to the circumstances surrounding his death. I was fortunate enough to come across an organisation called PARC. Their information booklet 'Finding your Way' is invaluable at this time of great distress and upset as we proceed towards an inquest."
Co. Cavan family
" The Finding Your Way booklet allows you to have an understanding of procedures to a situation you wish had never happened, but the assistance given goes some way to dealing with a bureaucratic process, an extremely useful read,"
Co. Donegal family
"Everyone who is been involved, after a road traffic collision should read ' Finding Your Way'. Its relevant practical and very useful information."
Co. Cork Family
A note received by one of the writers of the PARC booklet
"I just wanted to send my thanks to you for forwarding your booklet to me. I must say it is so heartening to see how you have managed to turn a personal tragedy into a way to benefit others by researching and publishing what I'm sure must be a Godsend to many people caught up in a terrible situation. It put me in mind of the saying that "We cant direct the wind, but we can adjust the sails. For maximum happiness, peace and contentment, may we choose a positive attitude." You are an example to us all. Again my thanks.
Co. Dublin family.
Testimonials from An Garda Síochána
Click here to see testimonial from Garda Commissioner Drew Harris
Commendation from the Assistant Commissioner in Roads Policing for PARC's guide
"The death or serious injury of a loved one as a result of a traffic collision is one of the most traumatic and difficult experiences in anyone's life. It is equally upsetting for the Gardaí who have to call on family homes to break the devastating news about loved ones. Those early moments spent in the home are always filled with anguish and heartbreak. The questions 'how' and 'why' invariably arise and while the lives of those left behind must go on, they will never be the same.
It is the days and weeks after that horrific day, that questions become more pronounced and the investigating Garda who often breaks the news, is now supported by a specially trained Garda Family Liaison Officer (FLO) whose duty it is to support the family and keep them informed throughout the investigation.
A huge support to families and to Garda Family Liaison Officers is the guide researched and written by the victim support and road safety group PARC and published in 2012. It is kept updated by their members. This guide is called 'Finding Your Way – a guide for families of victims following the death or serious injury of a loved one in a road traffic collision'. It guides the victims through a series of steps from the Garda investigation through to the legal proceedings that may follow. It encourages the families to ask the appropriate questions empowering them to know their rights and to access information regarding their loved one's death or serious injury.
Such is the esteem in which PARC's guide is held by An Garda Síochána that all FLOs in the service are issued with copies and it is Garda policy that they deliver them to families in their care.
PARC's guide is not only forward thinking and informative but a poignant reminder that the collision is often only the start of a very convoluted and stressful process for the family – a process when followed through will get answers for families and help them to heal".
David J. Sheahan,
Assistant Commissioner.
Roads Policing and Major Event Management.
*****************
Testimonial from Garda Inspector Michael Harrison Donegal Roads Policing
"There is one thing a family looks for in the aftermath of a fatal collision and that is answers. "How did it happen and why?" From the feedback I get from family liaison officers (FLOs) the PARC "Finding Your Way" Guide gives family's a reference document where if they have a question they can look at it and in most occasions the answer will be provided or the guide will tell them how to look for the answer. This Guide is an invaluable resource for families and FLOs working together to deal with the dreadful grief of losing a loved family member in a fatal road traffic collision."
Garda Inspector Michael Harrison
Roads Policing Inspector Donegal
28th April 2020
Testimonials from Public Figures
Minister for Justice and Equality Frances Fitzgerald (2014-2017)
"PARC's commitment to road safety and their advocacy and support for individuals bereaved and injured by collisions on our roads is to be applauded. Their dedication is evidenced in the production and publication of 'Finding Your Way', an invaluable information source and practical guide for people who have found themselves affected by a road traffic collision.
'Finding Your Way' outlines what is involved in the investigation of fatal and serious injury collisions and the legal proceedings which follow. By doing so it seeks to ease the burden on families devastated by such collisions, and I welcome its distribution by Garda Family Liaison Officers, as part of the assistance they provide.
As a society we need to work together to improve all aspects of road safety, including the experience of those suddenly and traumatically affected by a collision. PARC's contribution to this goal is extremely valuable, and as Minister for Justice and Equality I congratulate them on the publication of this updated edition."
Ms Frances Fitzgerald T.D. Minister for Justice and Equality
Garda Commissioner Nóirín O'Sullivan (2014-2017)
Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport Paschal Donohoe (2014-2016)
"I wish to commend PARC for undertaking the extensive work involved in putting together Finding Your Way. This new edition expands on and updates the information provided in previous versions. It is exactly the kind of practical information that people need at very sensitive and vulnerable periods of their lives when they have lost loved ones through road collisions.
I'm sure the pain at those times is sufficient burden to bear without having the trouble of finding out where to turn for advice and direction on the practical matters that need to be addressed.
The booklet is a useful guide for people in relation to issues and tasks that they thought and hoped they would never have to deal with. PARC has performed a tremendous service for the people bereaved in these unfortunate circumstances."
Minister for Health Leo Varadkar (2014-2016)
"We all know about the human cost of serious injuries or death on families and on society. But every serious incident also has a significant impact on our medical system.
Every collision has the potential to involve the National Ambulance Service, one or more Emergency Departments, and numerous medical staff. It may require immediate surgical intervention, or many years of rehabilitation. There is also the mental health impact on survivors, or the families of the bereaved.
I took a very close interest in road safety during my term as Minister for Transport, Tourism & Sport and was in regular contact with Susan Gray and PARC. I can say confidently that PARC is one of the most effective lobby groups in the country, and certainly one of the most important.
Susan and her colleagues work tirelessly to raise road safety awareness, improve standards and close loopholes in legislation. Most recently, the group's volunteers took time out to monitor judicial practices in courtrooms across Ireland.
This new 'Finding Your Way' document is typical of the valuable work conducted by PARC. It will be a great help to anyone unfortunate enough to experience a road traffic collision. It's a fine example of the high standard of work and selfless commitment of PARC.
I look forward to seeing many more years of valuable work performed by Susan Gray and her colleagues."
Mr Gay Byrne Chairperson of The Road Safety Authority (2006-2014)
"PARC is a not for profit Road Safety Advocacy group providing support services for those affected by road traffic collisions in Ireland. PARC through its membership provides sympathetic counsel to those families who have lost loved ones and are attempting to navigate through the personal, social and legal consequences of a road traffic death. PARC have put together an excellent booklet 'Finding Your Way – A guide for families of victims following the death or serious injury of a loved one in a road traffic collision' which provides the reader with valuable information that has been put together by those who have themselves been touched personally by the loss of a loved one so tragically on the road".
"As a Nation, Irish people have made great strides in reducing the number of deaths and serious injuries on the roads.
Please remember that behind each number are real people - people whose life may have ended, or have been badly broken. And, I would like to dwell for a few moments, if I may, on those broken lives - the lives of people who have been left behind or those who have experienced the devastation of a crash, and survived, and who must go on living. The first shocking impact never ends for the individuals themselves, their families, their carers and the communities around them.
We all have a responsibility to share the roads safely and in doing so, together, we can save lives. I am always pleased when organisations such as PARC take on the responsibility to provide support and guidance to those who find themselves in the devastating position following the death or serious injury of a loved one in a crash. It is comforting to know that there is support out there for people at a time when they need it most."
Mr Gay Byrne Chairperson of the Road Safety Authority
Mr Noel Brett CEO Road Safety Authority (2006-2013)
"I am very grateful to PARC for the assistance you have given to the numerous families who have lost a family member on Irish roads whom I have referred to you. The Road Safety Authority greatly appreciates the 'Finding Your Way' guide for families which is posted on the Road Safety Authority's website. As I have previously explained to you this will now form the basis of a statutory guide in Ireland. Your lobbying work with Government, individual Ministers and with the Irish police force has been hugely successful in shaping legislation, policy and responses to road collisions and survivors. I thank you very much for PARC's continued hard work and support."
Noel Brett
Mr Thomas Broughan TD (1992-2020)
To Whom It Concerns
"I have had the privilege of working closely with PARC as former Spokesperson on Transport for the Labour Party and now as an Independent TD. PARC members, led by Ms Susan Gray, have all experienced horrific personal tragedy in their own lives through the death in a road collision of a close family member. However, this extraordinary group of people have risen above the unimaginable tragedies that have afflicted their families and have gone on to lead an outstanding national campaign to make Irish roads safer for all motorists and road users. They work vigorously to ensure that other families do not suffer in the same manner
because of a fatal or serious road collision.
PARC continues to lead a number of invaluable national and local campaigns on road safety that have significantly raised the profile of road safety and the impact of road deaths and serious injuries on Irish families, including the development of the very useful guide for families of victims of road traffic collisions entitled 'Finding Your Way'. The guide provides an outline of the steps involved in the professional Garda investigation of fatal and serious injury collisions and the legal proceedings which follow. These include the post mortem, inquest and legal proceedings which as PARC have noted can often be complex and confusing for bereaved families. I was hugely impressed by PARC's work in preparing this invaluable guide.
PARC have been involved in a number of key campaigns to update road traffic legislation in a number of critical areas, including mandatory testing of all drivers involved in a serious collision and bringing Irish drink driving laws into line with best international practice. They have also been involved in highlighting ineffective enforcement of road traffic laws in the State and they have been constructively working with the Departments of Transport and Justice and Equality, Dáil Deputies, the Courts Service and An Garda Síochána to try to ensure that laws enacted are fully enforced."
Mr Thomas Broughan T.D.
"PARC Road Safety Group is a non- governmental voluntary organisation which advocates for improved road safety policies and provides support for road victims and their families.
Typical of their understanding of the needs of those who have lost a loved one and their attention to detail is their guide 'Finding Your Way' which provides guidance to families who have lost a family member as a result of a car crash or had a family member seriously injured. PARC members had to find their own way and now through their guide share the benefit of their experience to help others who have lost a loved one in a car crash.
The guide is written in plain English and a style that makes it very understandable. It provides an outline of the steps involved in the Garda investigation, the post mortem, the inquest and the court cases.
It empowers families to ask the right questions and to know their rights. It is also an invaluable aid to health professionals, who have to provide support to families at these difficult times, particularly those working in Emergency Departments and Family Doctors."
Dr Declan Bedford
Specialist in Public Health Medicine
Sgt. John Reynolds PhD
Crime and Operational Training Faculty, Garda Síochána College, Templemore, Co Tipperary
'Finding Your Way'
"This booklet explains the role of the Garda Family Liaison Officer during the investigation of a fatal road traffic collision in a clear and informative way. Copies of 'Finding Your Way' are given to each Family Liaison Officer (FLO) and each Family Liaison Coordinator (FLC) during training.
This ensures that they will be aware of the importance of gathering information from the family in a sensitive manner which contributes to the investigation. It also ensures that the Liaison Officer will keep the family updated on developments in the investigation and on the court proceedings and tell the family about support agencies."
*****************
The Law Society of Ireland
"The 'Finding Your Way' guide - this is an incredibly useful guide written from the perspective of people who have been involved in road traffic collisions or have experienced the loss of a relative. It outlines the steps involved in garda investigations, inquests, post-mortems and civil and criminal cases and provides links to further information. It aims to help victims ask the right questions, know their rights and where to go to seek information. The Law Society Gazette strongly recommends that solicitors' offices throughout the country should carry copies of this publication for clients who are victims of road traffic collisions."
Deputy Tommy Broughan TD
PARC Leading Lights Road Safety Award 2008: See PARC Leading Lights Awards Page


text:
International Breastfeeding Journal
Timely initiation of breastfeeding in Zimbabwe: evidence from the demographic and health surveys 1994–2015
Sanni Yaya ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4876-60431,2 na1,
Ghose Bishwajit1,
Gebretsadik Shibre3 &
Amos Buh4 na1
International Breastfeeding Journal volume 15, Article number: 10 (2020) Cite this article
A Correction to this article was published on 04 May 2020
Timely initiation of breastfeeding or breastfeeding within 60 min of birth has been shown to be associated with significantly lower risk of infant mortality. The World Health Organization recommends starting breastfeeding within the first hour of birth, yet many women in sub-Saharan Africa do not observe this recommendation. To date, there is limited evidence of timely initiation of breastfeeding for Zimbabwe. Therefore, we undertook this study with the aim of calculating the trend in timely initiation of breastfeeding and to explore the correlates.
We used five rounds of Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey data conducted between 1999 and 2015. Participants were 15,923 mothers currently breastfeeding or who had a childbirth within five years preceding the surveys. Outcome variable was self-reported timing of timely breastfeeding for singleton births which was categorized as early (< 60 min), late (≥ 60 min to < 2 4 h) and very late (≥ 24 h).
Prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding was 60.3% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 57.44, 63.02) in 1999, 66.9% (95% CI 64.32, 69.4) in 2006, 65.8% (95% CI 63.7, 67.8) in 2011 and 58.3% (95% CI 56.3, 60.4) in 2015. It increased by 27 and 22% in 2006 and 2011 compared with that of the 1999 level respectively. We found no socio-economic and gender-based differentials in the prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding. Compared with women aged 15–19 years old, women 25–29 and 30–34 years old had higher odds of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding. The odds of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding among Muslim women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.2, 95% CI 1.07, 1.36) was 20% higher when compared with Christian mothers. Women who wanted to have their last child later (aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81, 0.97) had 11% lower odd of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding when compared with women who wanted children then.
The prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding in Zimbabwe was 58.3% in 2015, well over the 50% target recommended by WHO for all countries to attain by 2025.
Breastfeeding is a child's first inoculation against death, disease, and poverty, but also their most enduring investment in physical, cognitive, and social capacity [1]. In 2000, 189 heads of states signed the Millennium Declaration, committing to achieve eight development goals for their countries; the target for Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 was to reduce the under-five mortality rate (U5MR) by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015 [2]. To reduce U5MR, improving newborn survival is critical and breastfeeding has been proven to be a vital component for infant survival especially in developing countries [3, 4].
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends timely initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding a newborn within the first hour of life [5]. Timely initiation of breastfeeding is a low cost intervention that has substantial potential to reduce neonatal and early infant morbidity and mortality [6,7,8]. It has been reported that timely initiation of breastfeeding reduces neonatal mortality by 19.1% [9].
However, despite the benefits of timely initiation of breastfeeding, less than 40% of infants in resource limited settings are breastfed within an hour of birth [10]. Some of the documented factors associated with failure to initiate timely breastfeeding include multiparity, caesarean section, low birthweight, mother's low level of education, mother's occupation, place of delivery and size of baby at birth [9, 10].
Zimbabwe is one of the resource limited countries in sub-Saharan Africa with a high fertility rate of 3.68 children per woman [11] and a high infant mortality rate of 32.7 deaths per 1000 live births [12]. In Zimbabwe, the government since independence has allocated a share of the public budget to the provision of social services particularly health and education. Maternal healthcare programs and services in the country have been integrated into the public health system and efforts have been made to provide services to the poorest Zimbabweans [13].
The government has placed a high priority on fighting infant and maternal mortality and the Zimbabwe has a policy barring government health workers from charging fees to expecting mothers [14]. Despite this, there is little information about the practice and or efforts to support the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding as an intervention to improve child survival. In order to generate information that could help in the development of feasible and sustainable strategies to improve the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women, this study assessed the prevalence and correlates of timely initiation of breastfeeding in Zimbabwe.
Data were obtained from five rounds of the Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS), conducted between 1994 and 2015. These five ZDHS were all designed to provide up-to-date information on fertility and child mortality levels; maternal mortality; fertility preferences and contraceptive use; utilization of maternal and child health services; women's and children's nutrition status; knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases; and domestic violence. All women age 15–49, who were usual members of the selected households and those who spent the night before the survey in the selected households were eligible to be interviewed. Women were also asked about their most recent births.
The surveys used a sampling frame, a list of enumerated areas that was provided by the Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency. The survey samples were stratified samples that were selected in two stages and data were collected using standard questionnaires that had been used in previous surveys in the country. Details about the sampling method has been reported elsewhere in the final report of the survey [15].
Study variables were categorical characteristics of 15,923 mothers 15 to 49 years, from whom data was collected. The outcome of interest was self-reported timing of timely breastfeeding for singleton births which was categorized as yes (< 60 min) and no (≥ 60 min). Independent variables included sex of child (male, female); years the DHS were conducted (1999, 2006, 2011, 2015); age group of women in years (15–19, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, 40–49); residence (urban, rural); religion (non-Christian, Christian); education (no education, primary, secondary, higher); wealth index (poorest, poorer, middle, richer, richest); number of children ever born (1–3, > 3), and last child wanted (wanted then, wanted later, wanted no more).
We analysed data using STATA version 12. To adjust for the survey design, we used the complex survey module (svyset) to account for primary sampling units, sample strata and sample weight, and all the analyses are made with these design elements accounted. The characteristics of participants were analysed using descriptive statistics, namely frequencies and percentages. Cross tabulations were performed to measure the crude prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding and the distribution of the outcome variable across women's sociodemographic/economic variables for all the pooled data used in the study. The significance of association of women's demographic/economic variables with timely initiation of breastfeeding was tested using chi-square tests.
The final step was a logistic regression analysis that assessed the adjusted associations of timely initiation of breastfeeding with women's sociodemographic characteristics. All Variables were statistically significantly associated (p - value < 0.001) in the chi-square statistics and were selected for the regression analysis. The outcomes of the regression analysis were reported in terms of adjusted odd ratios and corresponding 95% CI. Variables whose 95% confidence intervals did not include the null (1.0) were considered to have a statistically significant association with timely initiation of breastfeeding. To measure change in timely initiation of breastfeeding across the five surveys, we included the year dummy in the regression analysis together with the other covariates. The estimated coefficients on included time dummies corresponding to the years 2006, 2011 and 2015 are estimates of the difference between the intercept in these periods and the intercept in the omitted period (1999). Using the 95% CI approach, we then determined whether timely initiation of breastfeeding changed with time in the course of more than two decades net of effect of other covariates. The CIs for two or more survey periods crossing the null value indicates that no change existed in timely initiation of breastfeeding between these surveys.
Sample characteristics and breastfeeding initiation behaviors
Table 1 shows the characteristics of the surveyed women. The largest group of women (27.9%) in the study were aged 20–24 years and majority of the women (67.9%) were resident in rural areas with 11,902 (74.7%) of them being Christians. Nearly 60 % of the women (59%) had attained only the secondary level of education and 11,554 (72.6%) of the women had between 1 and 3 children, 41.3% of whom came from households with richer or higher wealth quintiles.
Table 1 Sample characteristics of women in Zimbabwe from 1994 to 2015 (n = 13,574)
Table 2 shows timely breastfeeding initiation practices based on various characteristics of women. Timely initiation of breastfeeding was higher in women aged 25–29 and 30–34 years, women who were Muslims, and lower among women who intended to have their last child latter (Table 2).
Table 2 Cross tabulation of sociodemographic characteristics and timely initiation of breastfeeding practice of women in Zimbabwe from 1994 to 2015 (n = 13,574)
Prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women in Zimbabwe from 1999 to 2015
The prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women was 60.3% (95% CI 57.44, 63.02), 66.9% (95% CI 64.32, 69.4), 65.8% (95% CI 63.7, 67.8) and 58.3% (95% CI 56.3, 60.4) respectively in 1994, 1999, 2006, 2010 and 2015. The proportion of mothers who practiced timely initiation of breastfeeding of their children have generally been on the increase between 1999 and 2011. The timely initiation of breastfeeding level in 2006 was increased by 27% compared with that of 1999, and in 2011, it increased by 22%. The prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding in 2015 was similar with that of the 1999 level as evidenced by overlapping CI of the estimates for the two survey years. Between 2011 and 2015, prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding decreased by about eight percentage points. Fig. 1 and Table 2 show the unadjusted trend without the other correlates controlled for in the model, and presented in Table 3 is the adjusted odds ratio for each of the three survey years done with the 1999 as a reference year.
Trends in prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women in Zimbabwe by year (1994–2015)
Table 3 Correlates of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women in Zimbabwe from 1994 to 2015 (multivariable logistic regression analysis)
Correlates of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women in Zimbabwe (multivariable logistic regression analysis)
Results of the multivariable logistic regression analysis on the correlates of timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers are presented in Table 3. Compared with women aged 15–19 years old, women 25–29 and 30–34 years old had higher odds of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding. The odds of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding among Muslim women (aOR 1.2, 95% CI 1.07, 1.36) was 20% higher when compared with Christian mothers. Women who wanted to have their last child latter (aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81, 0.97) had 11% lower odd of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding when compared with women who wanted then.
This study assessed the prevalence, trends and correlates of timely initiation of breastfeeding) among women aged 15–49 years in Zimbabwe using the five rounds of DHS conducted between 1994 and 2015. The results reveal that the prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding have been on the increase between 1994 and 2011 and decreased afterwards.
The proportion of women practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding in Zimbabwe has increased between 22 and 27 percentage points between 1999 and 2011, and it fell significantly between 2011 and 2015. The finding on the timely initiation of breastfeeding in this study is comparable with that of other studies [9, 16]. However, the prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding in this study is lower than that of similar studies [14, 15], and higher than findings in other studies [16,17,18,19]. Also, the prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding reported in this study generally is well above the 50% target of timely initiation of breastfeeding recommended by WHO to be achieved by all countries by 2025 [20]. This is encouraging in the sense that the country is likely to increase the coverage of timely initiation of breastfeeding even to a higher level by the deadline.
In the regression analysis, mother's age, religion, and their intention to have their last child latter were significantly associated with the women's practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding. Adult women and Muslim women had higher odd of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding, whereas women who wanted their last child later had lower odd of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding compared with women who wanted their last child then. Many studies have reported that some factors statistically associated with the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding include mother's educational level, occupation, income level, age, newborn's gender, ill-health of mother and newborn at delivery, size of newborn and perceived maternal benefits [4, 9, 20, 21].
The Zimbabwe government has allocated a share of its public budget to the provision of social services particularly health and education. Since the mid-1980s, the family planning program in the country has been integrated into the public health system and efforts have been made to provide services to the poorest Zimbabweans in an attempt to improve child and maternal survival [13]. However, little information is available concerning timely initiation of breastfeeding as a child survival intervention and its correlates in this country.
Unless there are studies that were done but never published, to the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to assess the prevalence and correlates of timely initiation of breastfeeding in Zimbabwe using five rounds of DHS. Our findings therefore can be useful in guiding both policy and future research on breastfeeding patterns in this country. We assessed the change in timely initiation of breastfeeding over time using one of the best approaches and hope that the finding reflects reliable evidence. Nonetheless, since the survey was self-reported, there is the possibility of recall bias. Also, given the secondary nature of the data we used, we had no control over the measurement and selection of variables which led to the omission of variables such as marital status of mother, mode of delivery, place of delivery, mother's use of ANC services, ethnicity, mother's ownership of a house and mother's occupation which have been shown to influence the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding elsewhere [9, 17, 18, 22, 23].
The highest prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women in Zimbabwe since 1994–2015 is 70%, higher than the 50% target recommended by WHO for all countries to attain by 2025. The trend of timely initiation of breastfeeding saw fluctuation; it increased between 1999 and 2011, and fell afterwards. We found no differential practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding according to most characteristics of the women, except that Muslim women and women aged between 25 to 34 years had higher odd of practicing timely initiation of breastfeeding compared with their Christian and adolescent counterparts respectively. Further studies are recommended to better understand the set of factors that underlie the differential practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding and to also examine whether the same pattern of timely initiation of breastfeeding remains in different areas of the country as the DHS based findings could not be generalized to smaller areas.
Data for this study were sourced from Demographic and Health surveys (DHS) and available here: http://dhsprogram.com/data/available-datasets.cfm.
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors have flagged that the article contains the following errors:
AIDS:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
ANC:
Confidence interval
DHS:
Demographic and Health Survey
HIV:
MDG:
Millennium development goal
U5MR:
Under-five mortality rate
ZDHS:
Zimbabwean Demographic and Health Survey
Hansen K. Breastfeeding: a smart investment in people and in economies. Lancet. 2016;387:416.
IHME. Progress towards Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 on maternal and child mortality: an updated systematic analysis [Internet]. [cited 2018 Jul 26];Available from: http://www.healthdata.org/research-article/progress-towards-millennium-development-goals-4-and-5-maternal-and-child-mortality
Fombong FEE, Olang B, Antai D, Osuorah CDI, Poortvliet E, Yngve A. Maternal socio-demographic determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice in Cameroon. Am J Food Nutr. 2016;4:83–92.
Sharma IK, Byrne A. Early initiation of breastfeeding: a systematic literature review of factors and barriers in South Asia. Int Breastfeed J. 2016;11:17.
WHO. Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices Part 1 Definitions [Internet]. 2007;Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43895/9789242596663_fre.pdf
Mullany LC, Katz J, Li YM, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Darmstadt GL, et al. Breast-feeding patterns, time to initiation, and mortality risk among newborns in southern Nepal J. Nutr. 2008;138:599–603.
Garcia CR, Mullany LC, Rahmathullah L, Katz J, Thulasiraj RD, Sheeladevi S, et al. Breast-feeding initiation time and neonatal mortality risk among newborns in South India. J Perinatol. 2011;31:397–403.
Edmond KM, Kirkwood BR, Amenga-Etego S, Owusu-Agyei S, Hurt LS. Effect of early infant feeding practices on infection-specific neonatal mortality: an investigation of the causal links with observational data from rural Ghana. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:1126–31.
Adhikari M, Khanal V, Karkee R, Gavidia T. Factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding among Nepalese mothers: further analysis of Nepal demographic and health survey, 2011. Int Breastfeed J. 2014;9:21.
Patel A, Bucher S, Pusdekar Y, Esamai F, Krebs NF, Goudar SS, et al. Rates and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breast feeding at 42 days postnatal in six low and middle-income countries: a prospective cohort study. Reprod Health. 2015;12:S10.
Knoema. Zimbabwe - Fertility rate, 1950–2017 - knoema.com [Internet]. Knoema [cited 2018 Jul 27];Available from: https://knoema.com//atlas/Zimbabwe/topics/Demographics/Fertility/Fertility-rate
Index Mundi. Zimbabwe Infant mortality rate - Demographics. [Internet]. [cited 2018 Jul 27];Available from: https://www.indexmundi.com/zimbabwe/infant_mortality_rate.html
Thomas D, Maluccio J. Fertility, contraceptive choice, and public policy in Zimbabwe. World Bank Econ Rev. 1996;10:189–222.
Phiri Gift. Zimbabwe's maternal mortality crisis. [Internet] [cited 2018 Jun 8];Available from: https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2014/02/zimbabwe-maternal-mortality-crisis-20142561739198301.html
Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency and ICF International. 2016. Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey 2015: Final Report. Rockville, Maryland, USA: Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency (ZIMSTAT) and ICF International.. 2016 [cited 2018 May 11];Available from: http://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-fr322-dhs-final-reports.cfm
Ekubay M, Berhe A, Yisma E. Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth among mothers with infants younger than or equal to 6 months of age attending public health institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Int Breastfeed J. [Internet] 2018 [cited 2018 Aug 3];13. Available from: https://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13006-018-0146-0
Ndirangu MN, Gatimu SM, Mwinyi HM, Kibiwott DC. Trends and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding in Namibia: analysis of the demographic and health surveys 2000–2013. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18:171.
Adewuyi EO, Zhao Y, Khanal V, Auta A, Bulndi LB. Rural-urban differences on the rates and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding in Nigeria: further analysis of the Nigeria demographic and health survey, 2013. Int Breastfeed J. 2017;12:51.
Issaka AI, Agho KE, Renzaho AM. Prevalence of key breastfeeding indicators in 29 sub-Saharan African countries: a meta-analysis of demographic and health surveys (2010–2015). BMJ Open. 2017;7:e014145.
Sholeye OO, Abosede OA, Salako AA. Exclusive breastfeeding and its associated factors among mothers in Sagamu, Southwest Nigeria. J Health Sci. 2015;5:25–31.
Chuwa M, Mgaya BB. Factors hindering breastfeeding practices among mothers in rural Tanzania. Afr J Midwifery Womens Health. 2013;7:91–5.
Beyene MG, Geda NR, Habtewold TD, Assen ZM. Early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers of children under the age of 24 months in southern Ethiopia. Int Breastfeed J. 2017;12:1.
Shiferaw BZ, Mossa KA, Gashaw BT. Factors associated with early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers of infant's age less than 6 months. J Pediatr Neonatal Care. 2017;7(3):00292.
The authors thank the MEASURE DHS project for their support and for free access to the original data.
There was no funding for this study.
Sanni Yaya and Amos Buh shared co-first authorship
School of International Development and Global Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, 120, University Private, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
Sanni Yaya & Ghose Bishwajit
The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Sanni Yaya
School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Gebretsadik Shibre
Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Amos Buh
Ghose Bishwajit
SY conceived the paper and developed the analysis plan. GB, GS and AB carried out the analysis. AB interpreted the results and wrote the initial draft. All authors reviewed earlier drafts and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Sanni Yaya.
This study used publicly available data from Demographic Health Surveys. Participants gave informed consent prior to their participation in the surveys. The DHS Program is consistent with the standards for ensuring the protection of respondents' privacy. ICF International ensures that the survey complies with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services regulations for the respect of human subjects. No further approval was required for this study since the data is secondary and is available in the public domain. More details about data and ethical standards are available at: http://goo.gl/ny8T6X.
No consent to publish was needed for this study as we did not use any details, images or videos related to individual participants. In addition, data used is available in the public domain.
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
Yaya, S., Bishwajit, G., Shibre, G. et al. Timely initiation of breastfeeding in Zimbabwe: evidence from the demographic and health surveys 1994–2015. Int Breastfeed J 15, 10 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-00255-2
Timely initiation of breastfeeding

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Once upon a time there was a entrepreneur in his fifties who had done very well in several business ventures. Living a fast-paced life in New England, this successful businessman and his charming wife decided it was time for a major shift. After an extensive search, they purchased a mountain in Eastern Tennessee and settled in to enjoy life with a new kind of vision.
The cottage at the top of the mountain afforded breathtaking and unobstructed views of sunrises, sunsets, wildlife, weather patterns and season changes. Over time, the couple's driving internal rhythms were replaced by rich new harmonies, rubato melodies, and gentle nuances of dynamics, color, and shading. They began to sense their lives were, at last, in balance and in tune.
They named the mountain Symphony Hill. It was, indeed, a perfect name.
Over the years, the one-time CEO was moved by the passions of newfound friends who were trying to do ground-breaking, innovative ministry with limited resources. Being one who had created businesses from the ground up, he had a special heart for these younger, less-experienced business people with hearts for ministry. He gave them his time. He worked hard, enjoying the new challenges without all the pressure he had known before when he was in business for himself. He gave away multiplied hours of time, lots of dollars, and immeasurable energy to help others who needed his experience and what he had learned in the marketplace.
YouthCUE was one of the many beneficiaries of this tireless, retired entrepreneur. His motivation was to plant seeds which would, in time, grow to maturity and add beauty to God's world. The saplings he nurtured more than a decade ago are continuing to blossom every day at YouthCUE. The gardens he began with soil and seeds are adorning all the lives they grace.
I am one of thousands in the YouthCUE network blessed by the entrepreneur from Eastern Tennessee. Often on Facebook, I catch a fresh glimpse of the glorious beauties of Symphony Hill, still being cultivated and celebrated by these precious friends.
Ken and Gaile, the whole YouthCUE network thanks you for your vision, your unselfishness, and your investments of yourself during a crucial chapter in the life of this ministry. Thank you for sowing seeds on our behalf and helping our garden to grow.
And may yours become more beautiful with every passing season!


text:
61. Vuelta a España odbyła się w dniach 26 sierpnia – 17 września 2006. Podczas 21 etapów kolarze przejechali 3212,7 km. Wyścig rozpoczął się w Maladze, zakończył się zaś w Madrycie. Ostatecznym zwycięzcą został Aleksandr Winokurow.

Lista drużyn i zawodników w wyścigu

Lista etapów

Końcowa klasyfikacja generalna

Wyniki etapów

Etap 1.

Etap 2.

Etap 3.

Etap. 4

Etap 5.

Etap 6.

Etap 7.

Etap 8.

Etap 9.

Etap 10.

Etap 11.

Etap 12.

Etap 13.

Etap 14.

Etap 15.

Etap 16.

Etap 17.

Etap 18.

Etap 19.

Etap 20.

Etap 21.

Posiadacze koszulek po poszczególnych etapach

Linki zewnętrzne
 Strona oficjalna
 Portal Vuelta a España 2006 na wikinews

2006
UCI ProTour 2006

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home > Sermons > Church > Clash of religions
Clash of religions
Kjell Olsen
Church, Confession, End times
https://storage.googleapis.com/stateless-www-ksb-org-za/sermons/2016/2016-10-31_Clash_of_Religions/2016-10-31_ez.mp3
Sunday service, Kjell Olsen, 30 Oct 2016
23 And the same time there arose no small stir about that way.
24 For a certain man named Demetrius, a silversmith, which made silver shrines for Diana, brought no small gain unto the craftsmen;
25 Whom he called together with the workmen of like occupation, and said, Sirs, ye know that by this craft we have our wealth.
26 Moreover ye see and hear, that not alone at Ephesus, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul hath persuaded and turned away much people, saying that they be no gods, which are made with hands:
27 So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.
Your culture is your deepest held beliefs, the way you live. It has been said that "culture is religion externalized". One of the great clashes of cultures happened on 31 Oct 1517, Reformation Sunday. It sent shockwaves throughout the world, which is still being felt today.
In our text we see the gospel come into conflict with the deeply held beliefs of the people. Jesus is the Prince of peace. But Jesus also said, "I have not come to bring peace but a sword" (Matt 10:34). He didn't come to cause trouble, but it's your reaction to it that causes the trouble. Jesus indeed brings peace, but if you fight with Him you will be in trouble and be on the wrong side, and you will fail.
We find here that even Christians were busy with curious types of witchcraft. But when God moved powerfully as we read in this text, the fear of God fell on them and they brought their evil works to the light, and their evil books were burnt. Some calculate it at more than $10,000,000.
How did this happen? Ephesus was the centre of religion of that time. The greatest temple in the world was at Ephesus. It was one of the seven wonders of the world. Just the seating part of the temple could seat 25,000 people. It had beautiful marble statues. There were artisans who made and sold small shrines made of silver for the people to take home and worship Diana at home. (Diana was the Roman Latin word and Artemis was the Greek word.)
It was in the midst of this culture that God started to work mightily. But Satan and his demons were very disturbed by the events that unfolded, and they worked through a certain man named Demetrius.
He starts his speech reasonable but it ends in a riot. He exposes himself when he correctly quotes that Paul says that "gods made with hands are no gods". That should be obvious and self evident. A person who creates something is obviously greater than the thing he created, and therefore those gods were worthless.
Demetrius makes it sound as if he wants to protect the goddess Diana, but in fact he was simply protecting his own business.
Paul warns Timothy that in the last days perilous times will arise. This word perilous was only used twice in the New Testament. And once was with the demon possessed man. Paul's warning therefore could refer to a demonic time in the last days. Like the "fees must fall" movement of our days in South Africa, who burn and destroy! These are perilous wild times where social structures are being destroyed.
The riot in Ephesus had no logic in the end like the fees must fall movement who cannot reason logically but simply wants to disrupt. They're destroying their own future.
It was the same rage against Martin Luther, without logic and full of murder, hate and death.
They couldn't get Paul and so grabbed a companion of Paul and would've killed him if the authorities didn't intervene.
It's the same with the gay rights movement, which comes with a great, illogical rage. They accuse Christians of intolerance while being blind to their own intolerance. There's no one as intolerant as those who demand tolerance.
But this revival was a true revival and Satan's rage couldn't quench it. In Revelations there's a letter from Jesus especially for the church in Ephesus. He commended them for dealing with false teachers, but rebuked them for having left their first love, that burning, fervent love for Jesus.
Whose side are you on? The temple of Diana in Ephesus is gone, but the Gospel of our Lord Jesus marches on.
What are you holding on to? All the kingdoms of this world will be shaken. Why hold on to it? In God's eyes they've already failed. In Thessalonians it says that Jesus will destroy the false Christ by the breath of his mouth! He needs no effort. He simply breathes and the kingdom of Satan melts away.
Sermon audio in other languages:
https://storage.googleapis.com/stateless-www-ksb-org-za/sermons/2016/2016-10-31_Clash_of_Religions/2016-10-31_gez.mp3
https://storage.googleapis.com/stateless-www-ksb-org-za/sermons/2016/2016-10-31_Clash_of_Religions/2016-10-31_rez.mp3
KwaSizabantu Choir: ERWACHT, STREITER DES HERRN
https://storage.googleapis.com/stateless-www-ksb-org-za/sermons/2016/2016-10-31_Clash_of_Religions/2016-10-31_1KSBChoirOne.mp3
KwaSizabantu Choir: USATHANE AKANAWO
To be great
Thanks to God for His…


text:
Welcome to Upper Key Stage 2
5/6S Mrs Stott and Miss Sach
5/6M Mr McWilliam and Miss Bradley
6S- Miss Sullivan and Ms Toohey
Key Stage 2 Leader: Mrs Warrington
Home Readers
We have a reward system in each of the Year 5 and 6 classrooms whereby when the children return their home reading book with their planner signed they receive an Epraise point on the whole school online reward system. We encourage the children to read 5+ times per week. It is essential that you listen to your child read daily at home as past experience has shown that children who read at home daily make the most progress with their reading.
Children are given termly topic homework grids and should complete one per week in their homework book. The children are to bring their homework books in on Mondays, work will be marked and sent home on Wednesdays for children to complete their next task.
Teachers will set weekly homework on our homework app- Frogplay. The app is designed to encourage your child to develop their skills and work on their individual targets.
School ID is 134371.
Usernames are FirstnameSurname
Passwords are children's dates of birth DDMMYYYY.
Year 5 and 6 children will also be given spellings to learn weekly at home and will be tested in school the following week.
It is important that you help and support your child working towards achieving their targets.
If you are unsure how you can support your child, please do not hesitate to speak to your child's class teacher.
PE is a compulsory subject of the National Curriculum and at Rimrose Hope, we support, promote and encourage a healthy lifestyle and deem this subject area extremely important.
Due to current Covid-19 restrictions we ask that you ensure that your child arrives at school in their PE kit on the specified day below. Please ensure that children wear school PE kits (white polo shirt, maroon shorts and black pumps for indoors, maroon joggers and sweatshirt/ cardigan for outside, white polo shirt and trainers ) please ensure your child arrives at school in their correct kit as we are unable to lend kits due to the current situation.
How can I support my child?
Please follow the links below to online games and support.
http://www.satsguide.co.uk/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/maths/
Supporting your child in preparation for SATs
supporting-your-child-sats (1).ppt
year-5-and-6-spelling-list.pdf
Getting_the_Most_out_of_School.pdf
Supporting your child at home- Subject by subject advice and support for parent
End of Key Stage 2 Statutory Assessments (SATS)
What are SATs?
SATs (Standard Assessment Tests) are given at the end of year 2, 6 and 9. The tests in year 6 are more formal than in year 2 as the tests have to be sat on a specific day and are sent off to be externally marked. School will report levels to parents in their child's end of year report.
Key Dates- Please do not book holiday time between these dates.
The Year 6 SATs tests will commence on Monday 10th and Thursday 13th May 2021.
The examinations will take place during the morning sessions.
English grammar, punctuation and spelling Paper 1: questions
English grammar, punctuation and spelling Paper 2: spelling
Mathematics Paper 1: arithmetic
Mathematics Paper 2: reasoning
If you have any queries regarding the Key Stage 2 SAT examinations, you can speak to your child's class teacher or alternatively, you can speak with Mrs. Warrington (KS2 Phase Leader).
2020 Key Stage 2 Examinations
At the end of Year 6, children sit tests in:
* Reading
* Maths
* Spelling, punctuation and grammar
These tests are both set and marked externally, and the results are used to measure the school's performance (for example, through reporting to Ofsted and published league tables). Your child's marks will be used in conjunction with teacher assessment to give a broader picture of their attainment.
Key Stage 2 Reading
The reading test is a single paper with questions based on three passages of text.
Your child will have one hour, including reading time, to complete the test.
There will be a selection of question types, including:
* Ranking/ordering, e.g. 'Number the events below to show the order in which they happen in the story'
* Labelling, e.g. 'Label the text to show the title of the story'
* Find and copy, e.g. 'Find and copy one word that suggests what the weather is like in the story'
* Short constructed response, e.g. 'What does the bear eat?'
* Open-ended response, e.g. 'Look at the sentence that begins Once upon a time. How does the writer increase the tension throughout this paragraph? Explain fully, referring to the text in your answer.'
In 2018 the Department for Education announced that the reading content of the KS2 SATs would be more closely linked to the curriculum in future to ensure children are drawing on their knowledge when answering reading comprehension questions.
Key Stage 2 grammar, punctuation and spelling test
The grammar, punctuation and spelling test consists of two parts: a grammar and punctuation paper requiring short answers, lasting 45 minutes, and an aural spelling test of 20 words, lasting around 15 minutes.
The grammar and punctuation test will include two sub-types of questions:
* Selected response, e.g. 'Identify the adjectives in the sentence below'
* Constructed response, e.g. 'Correct/complete/rewrite the sentence below,' or, 'The sentence below has an apostrophe missing. Explain why it needs an apostrophe.'
Key Stage 2 Maths
Children sit three papers in maths:
* Paper 1: arithmetic, 30 minutes
* Papers 2 and 3: reasoning, 40 minutes per paper
Paper 1 will consist of fixed response questions, where children have to give the correct answer to calculations, including long multiplication and division. Papers 2 and 3 will involve a number of question types, including:
* Multiple choice
* True or false
* Constrained questions, e.g. giving the answer to a calculation, drawing a shape or completing a table or chart
* Less constrained questions, where children will have to explain their approach for solving a problem
How will my child's results be graded?
You will be given your child's scaled score and whether they have reached the expected standard set by the Department for Education ('NS' means that the expected standard was not achieved and 'AS' means the expected standard was achieved).
The range of scaled scores available for each KS2 test is:
80 (the lowest scaled score that can be awarded)
120 (the highest scaled score)
The expected standard for each test is a scaled score of 100 or more. If a child is awarded a scaled score of 99 or less they won't have achieved the expected standard in the test.
The Department for Education expects at least 65 per cent of children to reach the expected standard (the figure was initially 85 per cent but has been revised).


Theatre Workshop of Owensboro (TWO) will present the children's play MONSTER IN THE CLOSET Friday, March 2 through Sunday, March 4. The youth program is one of TWO's most popular features, and this one will be performed by actors of grades 3-9. A young girl finds a creature in her room. But Murray the Monster is a nice little guy. In fact, he's more afraid of kids than they are of him! This cute comedy will be presented Friday and Saturday at 7:00 PM; Sunday, March 4 at 2:00 PM. It will be at TRINITY CENTRE, 407 W. Fifth St.
Advance tickets are $12.00 for adults, $9.00 for students. There will be a $2.00 surcharge for all tickets purchased at the door.
For more information or to purchase tickets call (270) 683-5333 or visit theatreworkshop.org.


I look forward to Valentine's Day each year. Some years, Troy and I go out to dinner but most years, we make a romantic dinner at home. With a new baby this year, we are planning on having a romantic dinner at home. I can't wait.


text:
Meet Bindu! In Just 7 months — FULLSTOP To A Lonely Life of Wrong decisions!
Business, Legacy, Personal Genius
Excellence Installations
Strategic Capability Installations for Accelerated Success in Record Time
GET INSTALLATIONS NOW
Anshul Kapasi: Manager to Director level in 6 months | Accelerated Success with Antano & Harini
Sonika: Creating New Markets in a Struggling Industry | Accelerated Success with Antano & Harini
Are you prepared to utilise the opportunities that will compress decades into few years?
Unconscious Assimilation
Staring at the ceiling of her office, Bindu couldn't stop the tears that were rolling down her eyes. Myriad thoughts crossed her mind mostly revolving around how she has allowed herself to be driven around by all the people in her life and how she has been unable to say 'no', or confront even if justice truly belonged to her. Bindu felt stifled in her own emotional turmoil. Surprising that such a strong-headed lady, an Author, a poet, a Corporate Trainer, and a Movie Reviewer were hauling around with emotional baggage and the irony was that she herself was in a profession to motivate and transform others. She couldn't understand where did all that start.
This is a true story of how you can be very successful and yet unfulfilled personally. Super motivated and yet feel helpless. And year after year can pass that will never come back. And even if you have tried everything before, sometimes people you love can lead you in the right direction to make the right decisions that will turn your life around 180 degrees.
Bindu was in a dire need to get out of the loop of the misery of 20 years, now. She came from a domineering family who made her marry according to their wishes and she had little say in it. The marriage turned out to be really bad and eventually led to a divorce for no fault of hers – and these are just some of the painful chapters of her life. Having suffered from low self-esteem since childhood, certain incidents from way back, continued to haunt her, no matter how many milestones she accomplished. On the outside, Bindu would always come across as strong and powerful. But inside, she was a prisoner of her own making and had felt wrangled with little in her control to even begin thinking of her own wellbeing.
I HAD THIS CHALLENGE OF CONFORMING TO THE AUTHORITY FIGURES IN MY LIFE. I COULD NEVER CONFRONT. NEITHER COULD I EVER SAY NO!
Realizing how much these personal limitations had beaten her life up and yet she couldn't fix it by herself, and just like that, 20 years had flown by…Time, that Bindu can never get back, right?
Both in personal and professional spheres, she ended up doing things for others and putting others wishes over her own. She hoped for that love, appreciation and care which never came her way and suffered from a sad reality of modern life: extreme loneliness. According to India's NSSO survey in 2004, around 1.23 million men and 3.68 million women in India were facing loneliness. The survey indicated that women were three times more likely than men to be gripped by this modern malady. Of course, loneliness is not just an Indian phenomenon. The Western world had dealt with it for decades, and perhaps was better prepared to be more proactive in this regard to help its citizens. Loneliness afflicts a shocking 14% of UK, and it has announced a new 'Minister for Loneliness' in 2018 to tackle the situation. For Bindu, naturally, the frustration and consequences were mounting and she got to a point where she couldn't take it anymore.
Completely vexed having hit the end of the road, she reached out to her best friend, Jessica. That day was the beginning of a new and changed trajectory of Life for Bindu. Bindu didn't quite understand what Jessica did… but she felt so comforted. After Jessica did what she did, Jessica said, "Bindu, I want you to come to Antano & Harini, come to the uP! event and let them take your Life ahead from here".
Bindu with her best friend Jessica, Excellence Installation Specialist at uP! event.
Jessica is an Excellence Installation Specialist, who has deeply and positively transformed thousands of lives herself, after going through her personal transformation and being mentored by Antano & Harini.
In the first consultation, Antano & Harini knew all the personal limitations they had to fix for Bindu, once and for all. They had to evolve her core nature and give her the resources to be able to do those things that she couldn't get herself to do… They made a list of Adjustments (tweaks and strategic unconscious changes) they had to make in her so she can have a new and empowered core.
I CAME FOR MY PERSONAL HEALING BUT THE JOURNEY FROM THERE WAS LIKE ENTIRELY DIFFERENT BECAUSE AT THE FIRST uP! ITSELF, SO MUCH HAPPENED. I DEVELOPED ZERO TOLERANCE FOR DOINGS OF CERTAIN PEOPLE IN MY LIFE. IT WAS ONLY AT THAT Up! IT HIT ME HARD ABOUT HOW MANY TIMES I HAVE DEGRADED AND DEVALUED MYSELF BECAUSE I DID NOT HAVE ZERO TOLERANCE TO SO MANY THINGS. I WOULD JUST ACCEPT WHAT PEOPLE SAY AND DO, AND KEEP THINGS TO MYSELF AND SUFFER. EVEN THOUGH I KNEW IT EARLIER, I COULDN'T DO ANYTHING ABOUT IT. BUT AFTER uP!, THINGS WERE ENTIRELY DIFFERENT.
Bindu with Antano and Harini
After the first uP!, Bindu got the most toxic relationships off her life. This takes a lot of courage and this is something she hasn't been able to do now in 40 years. She was able to reset her relationship with herself and all the important people in her life, she was able to take her stance without a fight, without unpleasantness. She was surprised at how well she was slowly taking control of her own life.
The biggest breakthrough for Bindu was to finally be able to confront her Business Partner of 15 years. The partner who was once upon a time strength for her turned out to be her biggest weakness later. She couldn't speak upfront about how things were bothering her. She often found herself doing the major part of the work by herself. It was no wonder that even after 15 years of doing business, the turnover was only 53 lakhs and she took home less than half of it, and her partner who barely contributed took the major share.
At the time of writing this Bindu is closing in on 1 Crore and it's less than a year of doing business by herself and she gets to keep 100% of the pie and has twice as much free time to pursue so many of her dreams. After the second uP! where she also learned Conversational Programming, a specialized capability of building layered relationships and understanding people with depth and changing mindset, Bindu mustered the courage to meet her partner eye to eye, and propose to wind things up.
Since then, Bindu has floated her own company and Closed sales amounting to 24 Lakhs in 1 month. In one month, she's made what she used to make in an entire year, in the strained and unfulfilling business partnership that she was stuck in for 15 years. She's well on her way to earning her First full Crore in this Financial year.
EARLIER TO CLOSE A DEAL, I HAD TO DO A LOT OF FOLLOW UP WITH CORPORATES AND NOW CLOSING THE DEAL IN JUST A MEETING, IS JUST SO AMAZING.
Saving her time and energy to work towards building another brand 'Riwayat', a platform for the connecting new generation with traditional Indian Folk Artists, and taking this global, Bindu is all excited about launching her legacy with Riwayat.
One doesn't have to be 60 or 70 years of age to leave a Legacy, in this era. Launch early, and live a great, meaningful life and accomplish what you would have if you had lived 200 years. This is possible, if you put your attention on evolving the right set of capabilities, and evolve fast, and make strategic leaps in your personal evolution each time, and that is solely what Excellence Installation Technology helps you achieve
Harini Ramachandran, Co-creator of Excellence Installation Technology, "So in your One Life, you launch and live through the Many legacies you create."
Antano discussing with Bindu her business plan at uP! event.
Incidentally, Riwayat started as an abstract idea, and in a session of Conversational Programming with Antano, during her second uP!
I COULD SEE THAT I HAD BEEN LOOKING AT IT SUCH A SMALL SCALE, BUT IT WAS ACTUALLY HUGE..IT HAD THE POTENTIAL BE A BRIDGE TO THE YOUNGER GENERATIONS. NOT JUST TRADITION, BUT A PART OF THEIR LIVES AND IN A GLOBAL SCENARIO.
Just the magnitude of this vision is overwhelming, and to know that she is going to take a unique route to once again put India on a global map is "a humbling, nerve-wracking yet thrilling experience", Bindu exclaims.
Looking back at it all, the first thing Antano & Harini started with me is, helping me Love myself, and get back my self-confidence, which was battered all the way, from within.
"I started loving myself more. I could teach people how they can make their lives better by loving themselves and others in their ecosystem. Even my training programs now have more than a feel-good factor. The game-changer is Installations, that I am pursuing more seriously now."
Did that transition her life graph?
Yes! She says,
My whole life has changed 180 degree diametrically!
This is the list of what unfolded for Bindu:
Loneliness to Real Happiness
Stifled to Freedom that happens with a Real Change in her Core nature and traits
Submissive to Incharge – and thereby her entire life trajectory changed
Freelancer to Business Mindset – enabling her to launch 2 businesses, the first of which has already brought her 58 Lakhs in revenue in 3 months. And the second is a huge project with a global vision, and something of this nature has never been done before
Low Self Esteem to Confidence – allowing her to give in her 200% to each and all of her varied roles – as an author, trainer, change agent, movie reviewer, entrepreneur, influencer, and humanitarian
Prisoner to her Past to Excited about the Future and an Achiever in Present – a wonder indeed.
Bindu with her mother
I was 40 when I met Antano & Harini and I could have easily lost another 20 years being lost and unhappy, if I hadn't met them. Antano & Harini, have not only brought me out of all that, but have compressed time of literally my whole life and set me an on the aggressive and happy path, where I'm totally enjoying being an achiever and being happy inside out
"I'm totally enjoying being an achiever and happy inside out, and this feeling to me is priceless", says Bindu.
Through both her ventures, Bindu intends to 'Celebrate Life' and create an undeniable, high-power, impactful Legacy for the world to enjoy. Thanks to her accelerated success that she has the freedom of both time and money to invest into her radical concept of taking folklore globally!
A&H Impact Summary:
A young woman, forced into a wrong marriage to breaking out of it in real pain, being lonely for decades, stuck in another wrong business partnership all the way to a bright, shining, truly happy achiever – emerging a SuperWoman.
New Capabilities
Accelerated Outcome
Zero Tolerance for doings of certain people
Able to reset and value herself
Ability to make choices for life
Building layered relationships with people
Able to confront people who had become her weakness
Art of Framing and understanding people with depth
Started Closing Deals
Able to manage time and have High on Demand Peak Performances
Having value ad healthy relationship with important people in her life
Became an in-charge of her life
Opened a new company and launched two Brands
Enjoying her work of motivating leading to changing mindsets of people
Life has changed 180 degree diametrically
That's Bindu for you!
Launch your Legacy in 2-3 Years, Not 10 or 20.
Flourishing in your Business, Health, Family, Legacy - All together Simultaneously using Excellence Installation Technology
I WANT TO LAUNCH MY LEGACY
{({tcb_post_title css='' link='1' rel='0' target='0' inline='1' static-link='{"className":"tve-froala fr-basic","href":"https://excellenceinstallation.com/affiliate-home/affiliate-register/","title":"Register","class":"tve-froala fr-basic"}'})}


Lawmakers and bureaucrats in official Washington often act as if their decisions lead the nation forward. News from Iowa this week, however, shows once again that the culture leads and politicians lag behind.
Kim Reynolds became Iowa's Governor last May when her predecessor (Terry Branstad) resigned to serve as the U.S. Ambassador to China. Reynolds is now running for her own full term in a state where the average Obamacare premiums jumped 57 percent. "Many Iowans faced a choice of going broke or going without insurance," according to Reynolds. "And that's really not a real choice."
Seizing the opportunity to solve a problem during an election year, Reynolds signed a bill allowing the Iowa Farm Bureau to offer "health benefit plans" that aren't covered by the Obamacare regulations. Most significantly, the law will give Iowa residents more choice in the amount of insurance they want to buy.
In purely economic terms, this directly addresses a core reason that insurance prices have jumped so high. The Obamacare regulations mandated that all insurance policies must cover all kinds of medical conditions. Insurance companies loved that one-size-fits-all approach because it forced many people to buy more insurance than they needed or wanted.
For consumers, though, the result of those regulations was sticker shock. An Iowa woman who watched the Governor sign the new law observed "there's no reason a healthy 32-year-old should be paying more for health insurance than for her mortgage." Because of Iowa's new law, she will now have a choice between lower premiums for a basic level of insurance and higher premiums for more comprehensive coverage.
The enduring resistance to Obamacare mandates stems from the fact that the law clashed with one of America's deepest values and cultural traditions. Americans overwhelmingly believe that we have the right to live our own life as we choose, so long as we respect the rights of others to do the same.
That core belief is the reason Obamacare's individual mandate -- a requirement forcing people to buy a specific type of insurance -- was so unpopular. Fifteen million Americans said they would drop the insurance coverage if they were allowed to do so. Another six million paid a fine rather than sign up.
These people received a little relief late last year when Republicans in Congress repealed the individual mandate. However, they are still saddled with other mandates requiring insurance companies to sell only the most expensive and comprehensive plans. The states are taking the lead in addressing that problem.
Earlier this year, Idaho passed a law explicitly authorizing insurance companies to sell more basic insurance plans with lower premiums. That effort has encountered strong resistance from the federal government. Iowa has taken a different approach to achieve the same objective. Governor Reynolds and her team found a loophole in the law and are taking advantage of it. It's likely that many other states will try similar approaches as they search for ways to serve their residents.
The important thing about this development, however, is not the cleverness of the Iowa Governor. It's about America's cultural rejection of the idea that bureaucrats know best. Our cultural commitment to freedom will keep driving the process forward and giving individual Americans more control of their own health care choices.


text:
Haris Handžić (Szarajevó, 1990. június 20. –) bosnyák válogatott labdarúgó.

Pályafutása
A csatárként játszó Handžić hazájában, az FK Sarajevo csapatában kezdett futballozni. Itt két szezon alatt 34 bajnokin kilencszer talált az ellenfelek hálójába. Az ezt követő években több csapatnál is megfordult, légióskodott a lengyel KKS Lech Poznańban és a liectensteini FC Vaduzban is. A FK Borac Banja Luka csapatában 2014-ben tíz bajnokin nyolc gólt ért el. Ezt követően az orosz FK Ufa szerződtette, a Premjer League-ben két év alatt 48-szor kapott lehetőséget. 2016 őszén a horvát HNK Rijeka játékosa volt. 2017. február 2-án igazolt a Debreceni VSC-hez. Az akkor kiesés ellen küzdő, majd a 8. helyen záró, így végül bennmaradó DVSC-ben tizenkét bajnokin két gólt szerzett. A szezon végén felbontották a szerződését.

A kétszeres bosnyák válogatott Handžić 2007-ben mutatkozott be a bosnyák válogatott színeiben Lengyelország csapata ellen.

Mérkőzései a bosznia-hercegovinai válogatottban

Sikerei, díjai

 KKS Lech Poznań:
Ekstraklasa: 2009–10
Lengyel kupa: 2008-2009
Lengyel szuperkupa: 2008-2009
 FC Vaduz:
Liechtensteini kupa: 2013-14
 HŠK Zrinjski Mostar:
Bosznia-hercegovinai labdarúgó-bajnokság: 2017–18
 FK Sarajevo:
Bosznia-hercegovinai labdarúgó-bajnokság: 2018–19, 2019–20
Bosznia-hercegovinai kupa: 2018-19

További információk

Bosnyák labdarúgók
Labdarúgócsatárok
A DVSC labdarúgói
1990-ben született személyek
Élő személyek
Az FK Sarajevo labdarúgói
A Lech Poznań labdarúgói
A Vaduz labdarúgói
A Borac Banja Luka labdarúgói
A HNK Rijeka labdarúgói


Haiku #166 – NextHop…Your resource for Skype for Business!
In case any of you were wondering whether or not life is fair, here's your answer: life is not fair.
Based on that, the author of today's haiku long-envisioned a team made up entirely of Stemp brothers: one brother at each of the 10 positions on a slo-pitch softball team, each with a jersey with the name Stemp emblazoned on the back. Unfortunately, the family was six brothers shy of a softball team, and no matter what the author tried he could never convince his mom and dad to produce six more boys in rapid-fire succession simply so he could have his all-brothers softball team.
Some people just won't make sacrifices, not even when it involves something as important as slo-pitch softball.
At any rate, the author of today's haiku had to adjust his vision to a team composed of brothers and sons/nephews. That was something of a long-term goal, seeing as how – at the time, anyway – there weren't any sons/nephews.
But now there are sons/nephews, a whole passel of them. And after several years of wheedling, cajoling, negotiating, and whining, one of the nephews finally gave in to his uncle and arranged for the family to play in a softball tournament this summer. And when exactly will that tournament take place? You got it: on a weekend when the author of today's haiku, the person who has dreamed of this moment for many, many years, will be out of town.
So is this the greatest injustice that has happened to anyone, ever, in the history of the world? Well, to be honest, yes, it is: the author of today's haiku gave this considerable thought, and couldn't come up with anything that could possibly be worse than not getting to play on this softball team. And yet, he remains his usual cheerful and optimistic self. Why? Because while he might not have slo-pitch softball, he has something even better: the CsLisCivicAddress cmdlets. And by that he means both of the CsLisCivicAddress cmdlets: Get-CsLisCivicAddress and Test-CsLisCivicAddress!
Good question: what is so great about the CsLisCivicAddress cmdlets? Well, as you probably know, Microsoft Lync Server 2010 introduced the Location Information Service (the Lis in CsLisCivicAddress). This new service (more commonly known as E9-1-1) enables emergency responders (like 911 operators) to determine a caller's geographic location without having to ask the caller for that information. In Lync Server 2010, the geographic location is determined based on mapping the caller's port, subnet, switch, or wireless access point to a specific location.
Note. Pretty exciting? That's putting it mildly: it's every bit as exciting as walloping a grand slam home run over the centerfield fence.
Or at least the author of today's haiku assumes it's every bit as exciting as that. He's always been more of a singles and doubles hitter, although he did hit an inside-the-park home run once when the centerfielder dove for a ball, missed it, and then sprained his ankle and couldn't get up and retrieve the ball.
Most of that should be pretty self-explanatory, with one exception: the very last property in the list, MSAGValid. What the heck is an MSAGValid property?
Well, we'll tell you: the MSAGValid property indicates whether or not the address has been validated against the Master Street Address Guide (MSAG) maintained by your E9-1-1 service provider. If you've run a validation test and if the address in question really is in the Master Street Address Guide then MSAGValid will be set to True. If you haven't run the test, or if the address doesn't show up in the Master Address Street Guide, then MSAGValid will be set to False.
Does it really matter whether or not an address has been validated against the Master Street Address Guide? To be honest, that depends on why you're using the Location Information Service. If you want to use it for E9-1-1 emergency calls then yes: emergency responders generally prefer to go to addresses that actually exist as opposed to addresses that don't actually exist. And even if you're not using the E9-1-1 service it still helps to have validated addresses. If a user logs on from a validated location then his or her location information will automatically be set in Microsoft Lync. If you log on from a location that has not been validated then Lync users will have to click Set My Location and select their location from the suggested list of locations. To get the full benefit of the Location Information Service you need to have validated addresses.
Note. How can you find an E9-1-1 service provider capable of validating addresses? Well, a good place to start would be the Microsoft Lync Communication Service Providers page.
What this command does is retrieve all your addresses and then pipe those addresses to the Test-CsLisCivicAddress cmdlet; in turn, Test-CsLisCivicAddress checks each address against your service provider's Master Street Address Guide. As for the UpdateValidationStatus parameter, well, that parameter tells Test-CsLisCivicAddress to update the MSAGValid property for each address it tests. If the address can be found in the Address Guide then MSAGValid will be set to True; otherwise, MSAGValid will be set to False.
The only goofy part here is that you have to include all the parameters, even when a parameter (such as HouseNumberSuffix) doesn't have a value. But it works.
Test-CsLisCivicAddress : Exception of type "Microsoft.Rtc.Management.Lis.ServiceProviderConfigurationNotFoundException' was thrown.
Nobody writes error messages like those of us here at Microsoft, do they?
And there you have it: the CsLisCivicAddress cmdlets. Let the brothers and the sons and the nephews go play in a silly old softball tournament: the author of today's haiku will have way more fun retrieving and testing civic addresses. Way more fun.
Or so he keeps telling himself.


When I was in elementary I have known of Bohol because of two main reasons - the Chocolate Hills and Tarsier.
The Chocolate Hills Complex is located in Brgy. Buenos Aires, Carmen, Bohol. To enjoy the 360 degree view of the Chocolate Hills, you have to pay for P50 entrance fees.
From textbooks to reality, hello Chocolate Hills!
But before you enjoy this view, you have to make your way up to more than 200+ steps with the searing heat.
Why Chocolate Hills when they are all green? During dry season the greenish hills turns into brown. And voila they become coco crunch este Chocolate Hills. Yeah, I know, ang corny. Moving on. Would love to see it in dry season, para lang siyang hershey's kisses.
wow! can't wait to go there too.
i've been traveling for half of my life around the country but it never occurred to me to take pictures.
anyway, feel free to visit my site soon. thanks!


text:
Q: R scope rules for nested functions I am trying to use R's lexical scoping with 2 levels of functions, but the behavior in R 3.0.2 does not seem right.
foo = function() print(ii)
eye_foo = function( ) {
    ii = 1  # (A)
    foo()
}
eye_foo()   # (B)
ii=2        # (C)
eye_foo()   # (D)

I would expect that (B) would print "1", binding to the variable defined at (A).  Instead (B) gives an error message "Error in print(ii) : object 'ii' not found".  However, after defining ii at (C) in the global scope, (D) prints "2" ignoring (A) in the process.
Why is (A) being ignored?

A: foo was defined in the global environment. At the time of the first call to eye_foo there was no value for ii to be found in the environment where foo was created. Then you made a value to be found and got the expected results. Simple as that.
> environment(foo)
<environment: R_GlobalEnv>

 ?'function'
 ?globalenv

Generally people avoid this conundrum by passing arguments to functions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
/*
 * decaffeinate suggestions:
 * DS102: Remove unnecessary code created because of implicit returns
 * Full docs: https://github.com/decaffeinate/decaffeinate/blob/master/docs/suggestions.md
 */
const benv = require("benv")
const Backbone = require("backbone")
const path = require("path")

describe("ShareView", function () {
  beforeEach(function (done) {
    return benv.setup(() => {
      benv.expose({ $: benv.require("jquery") })
      Backbone.$ = $
      const filename = path.resolve(__dirname, "../view.coffee")
      const ShareView = benv.requireWithJadeify(filename, ["template"])
      this.view = new ShareView({
        el: $("body"),
        imageUrl: "foo.jpg",
      })
      return done()
    })
  })

  afterEach(() => benv.teardown())

  describe("#initialize", function () {
    it("renders the menu with the imageUrl", function () {
      $(".share-toggle").click()
      return $(".share-menu").html().should.containEql("foo.jpg")
    })

    return it("renders the modal", function () {
      $(".share-toggle").click()
      return $(".share-menu-modal").css("opacity").should.equal("1")
    })
  })

  return describe("#toggleShare", function () {
    it("hides the menu", function () {
      $(".share-toggle").click()
      return $(".share-menu").hasClass("is-visible").should.be.false()
    })

    it("hides the modal", function () {
      $(".share-toggle").click()
      return $(".share-menu-modal").hasClass("is-visible").should.be.false()
    })

    return it("hides the menu when the modal is clicked", function () {
      $(".share-menu-modal").click()
      return $(".share-menu").hasClass("is-visible").should.be.false()
    })
  })
})

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Johnathon K. soapwikijohn
HLN To Broadcast The 2013 Daytime Emmys
Johnathon K.
Great news soap fans! Today HLN confirmed that they will televise the 40th Annual Daytime Emmy Awards on June 16th!
While not a lot is known about what the actual production will hold, tribute to the Emmys themselves? General Hospital's 50th and Young and the Restless's 40th?, you can check out the whole press release below
2013 Telecast To Celebrate America's Favorite Daytime Programming including Talk, Food, Children's, Courtroom, Game Shows and Daytime Dramas
HLN returns as the host network of the annual Daytime Entertainment Emmy® Awards show, now in its 40th year, presented live from The Beverly Hilton hotel in Los Angeles on Sunday, June 16, 8-10 p.m., ET/PT, it was announced by Scot Safon, Executive Vice President & General Manager, HLN, and Malachy Wienges, Chairman, National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences.
"Last year, HLN's first-ever presentation of the Daytime Emmy® Awards was the #1 most-watched, regularly-scheduled non-news broadcast in the network's history, and received terrific viewer feedback both on-air and online. Our audiences thanked us for tapping into that vital part of American pop culture," said Safon. "HLN is the news channel that focuses on stories at the forefront of the American conversation, and daytime programming often tackles those same themes and stories. We are so happy to again present the program that honors the best work in daytime."
"The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences is very excited to partner again this year with HLN and LocoDistro on our 40th anniversary of the Daytime Emmy Awards," said Wienges. "The outcome of this partnership will be a creative show honoring all the genres that make Daytime Television part of our daily lives."
Wienges also noted that Game Show Icon Monty Hall and Legendary Producer Bob Stewart will be honored with this year's Lifetime Achievement Award.
Viewer integration will be part of the presentation with featured segments on air and online at HLNtv.com. Presenters and additional program information will be announced within a few weeks. The 40th annual daytime Emmy Awards is produced by LocoDistro; Gabriel Gornell is founder and the show's executive producer.
"Daytime TV doesn't have fans—it has personal relationships between hosts and viewers f
TagsABC CBS Daytime Emmys NBC
General Hospital Spoilers: July 8-12, 2019
Days of our Lives Spoilers: July 8-12, 2019
Johnathon K. is a staff writer for TV Source Magazine. With a love of soaps, the Super Sentai Series and gaming, John's passion comes through in his writing and as a featured host of the TV Source Podcast, where he also serves as producer.


Griffith Criminology Institute (GCI) is one of the largest, most vibrant and high-performing criminology communities in the world. Through collaboration and innovation our research is helping find answers and solutions to universal problems. GCI is a world leader in the criminology field and was ranked well above world standard in the most recent Excellence in Research for Australia rankings, which were released by the Australian Research Council.
We look forward to welcoming over 200 ANZATSA members across Australia and New Zealand to the 2019 conference in Brisbane for collegial networking, knowledge sharing and advancing work in the prevention of sexual abuse.
Preliminary conference program now available on the Program page.


text:
A 29-year-old mayor gave his city's poorest residents $500 a month. Here's how they spent the money.
Aria Bendix
Mayor Michael Tubbs of Stockton, California.
Rich Pedroncelli/AP
Stockton, California, is distributing $500 monthly stipends to the city's poorest families as part of a basic-income trial.
The city just released results from the past eight months of that program: Most participants spent the money on food and clothing.
Critics of basic income suggest that cash stipends reduce the incentive for people to find jobs.
Visit Businessinsider.com for more stories.
When Mayor Michael Tubbs of Stockton, California, suggested giving residents in his city $500 a month with no strings attached, he wasn't floating a new idea. The system of paying someone for being alive — now known as universal basic income — stretches back to the 16th century. Tubbs got the idea from Martin Luther King Jr., who proposed a guaranteed minimum income for citizens in 1967.
Today, it's still considered a radical approach. The system's critics say it reduces the incentive for people to find jobs and uses up government funds that could be better spent elsewhere.
But the idea has gained a national platform in part thanks to the 2020 Democratic presidential candidate Andrew Yang, who has promised to deliver payments of $1,000 a month, or $12,000 a year, to all US citizens over 18.
Tubbs' program, which started in February, could serve as a test case. For eight months, 125 Stockton residents living at or below the median income line (about $46,000 annually) have been getting $500 monthly stipends. The money is distributed through the mail in the form of debit cards.
This week, the city released the first set of data about the program. Most participants, it found, had been using their stipends to buy groceries and pay their bills.
Stockton's basic-income recipients spent the most money on food
On average, participants in Stockton's trial spent a plurality of their stipends (about 40%) on food and another 24% on sales and merchandise, including trips to Walmart or dollar stores. Another 11% went to paying their utilities, and about 9% went to buying gas and repairing their cars.
That left about 16% to be divided among categories like medical expenses, transportation, education, insurance, recreation, and self-care.
Residents in Stockton.
AP Photo/Gosia Wozniacka, File
One resident, 48-year-old Zhona Everett, told the Associated Press that after paying her bills, she used the rest of the stipend to pay off her wedding ring and donate to her church. She also had enough money to go on a date with her husband, who works with her at a Tesla factory about 60 miles from Stockton.
"I was very excited to see it already working and making a difference in so many people's lives," Tubbs told Business Insider in April. "I'm now much more resolute in this idea that, if it's not a panacea ... it should be considered as one of the many solutions to ensure that people have an economic floor."
The data indicates that about 43% of the program's participants have a full- or part-time job. Some are disabled and others stay home to care for children or an elderly parent. Only 2% are unemployed and not actively seeking work.
The program is designed to last for 18 months, so it still has about 10 months to go.
'Every time you do something new, it's scary'
Finland and the Spanish city of Barcelona have also both launched basic-income trials, and Sweden has set aside about $325,000 for a pilot experiment as well.
Tubbs' effort is the first major basic-income program led by a US city. In 2012, his city became the largest in the nation at the time to declare bankruptcy. Today, about a quarter of Stockton's population lives below the federal poverty line.
Tubbs at the TED 2019 conference in Vancouver, British Columbia.
Bret Hartman/TED
"I came into doing the pilot without a fully formed perspective — or as fully formed as it is now — but really more out of curiosity," Tubbs said in April. "If this was a solution that could work, I wanted to test it out."
Read more: A mayor is giving his city's poorest residents $500 a month, but he thinks there are still obstacles to rolling out basic income in the US
When he took office in 2016, Tubbs was just 26 years old, making him one of the youngest mayors in US history. He's now 29 and a soon-to-be father — something he said made the mission of his basic-income trial feel even more urgent.
"Childcare costs are real," Tubbs said. "We're now looking at how are we going to save up to have somebody help us watch our child. It definitely has made me that much more passionate and that much more impatient with the status quo."
Tubbs said he was never too concerned about whether his basic-income idea would be controversial.
"My team was more nervous than I was," he said. "I honestly will tell you this, I didn't really see much risk."
But he did find himself explaining his idea to many constituents one-on-one, he added.
"Every time you do something new, it's scary," Tubbs said. "You have to convince people that, 'No, it's going to be OK. We're going to be safe. And we'll all be better off for it.'"
Correction: This article has been updated to reflect that Stockton in 2012 was the largest US city to declare bankruptcy, not the first.
SEE ALSO: Democratic candidate Andrew Yang just promised to give 10 American families $12,000 over a year of 'universal basic income.' Here's how the radical policy plan would actually work.
NOW WATCH: Here's how much you need to make to be in the top 1% of every state
More: michael tubbs Basic Income Basic Income Trial Basic Income Gaurantee
YahooAdd


What options for long term care?
Will life linger, abandon me, alone?
if only I push outside the comfort of my bed.
companion, otherwise; trying to trust life.
Excellent questions in this wonderful write.
I think many of us wonder what will happen when we get there to that point.
Thank you – as you say, an issue we all face growing older.