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SURFIN' GAZA
SURFIN' GAZA – INTRO
SURFIN' GAZA 1993
BOUNCING THE RUBBLE -2014
RED FLAGS IN CYBERGAPS
ROBUST DIGITIZATION
CYBERCRIMINOLOGY
CYBERCRIMINOLOGY – INTRODUCTION
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DEINDIVIDUATION IN ONLINE SOCIAL DOMAINS
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22/07/2020 English
Posted by matzsoren
Digitization made us vulnerable. We will not resolve digital vulnerabilities neither Today nor Tomorrow. Therefore, we need to make sure that we are resilient.
A NEW NATIONAL STRATEGY
Vulnerabilities related to digitization create a shift in traditional governmental roles and responsibilities. Digitization entails, for example, a paradigmatic shift between 'military vs. police' and 'national security vs. crime'. In addition, there is movement in the confines between authorities and private entities. A shift in the relationship between 'state vs. private', and 'military vs. non-military'.
Digitization challenges a series of traditional key paradigms, suggesting that digitization should be managed from a more holistic perspective.
The contemporary hybrid environment is described by the merger of battle space, humanitarian space and cyberspace, the latter being a decisive novelty that greatly enhance the spectrum of influence and potential outcomes of employing hybrid tactics.
Future successful security policy planning requires an innovative multifaceted response that reflects this multidimensional confluence of diverse political and strategic directions across a cast of public-private actors.
The current situation appears to present a window of opportunity to condense the complexities of formulating holistic cross-sector policies into a manageable guiding principle for responsive national security policies.
Resilience against hybrid threats entails an expansion of conventional military defense planning principles to include non-military spheres into comprehensive security policy planning. Most NATO and EU countries have yet to confirm specific national policies aimed to increase their resilience, both in regard to civilian crisis management, disaster or emergency preparedness, and in relation to cyber-defense, countering information operations, and protecting critical infrastructures.
While we are waiting for Godot – the Danish Government's new cybersecurity strategy – we live in the hope that the long-awaited government announcement answers some key challenges in digitizing society.
CROSS-SECTOR LIABILITY
The digital domain dissolves the traditional divide between organizational and professional boundaries. It is a new political reality, where we must learn to navigate in new networks of cooperation.
Providing robustness to counter vulnerabilities in the digital domain is first and foremost a cross-sectorial task. It requires cross-sectorial efforts to defend the nation's digital infrastructure. It requires cooperation between defense, police and civil society.
Digitization calls for political understanding of convergence in relations across a security policy field of defense, crime and market economics.
In a criminological narrative, this convergence between defense, police and civil society is called 'The Security-Crime-Risk Continuum': a theoretical conceptual construction based on the claim that the robustness of any digital community must be provided through cross-sectorial interaction between military intervention, law enforcement, and corporate risk management. The concept inspires a holistic strategic approach that is prerequisite for providing accountability, robustness and security against the many vulnerabilities introduced by digitization of core societal functions.
A robust response to digital vulnerabilities therefore takes an offset in cross-sectorial cohesion. The cross-sectorial distribution of responsibilities in national security policy appears to be a precondition for successful implementation of resilience in the coming Danish national strategy for cybersecurity.
Fragmentation of roles, responsibilities and resource allocation seems to hamper cross-sectorial cooperation. To a large extent fragmentation has been the culprit, delaying implementation of the intentions in the Danish national cybersecurity strategy from 2014.
Stove-piping, entrenchment, and bunker mentalities have dominated the sector-specific approach to governance in cybersecurity. This dilemma also applies to both cross-governmental cooperation across public authorities, and cooperation in public-private partnerships.
Achieving results in collaborative efforts across various divides comes with a pricetag in terms of both time and money. Digitization of vital societal core functions is introduced at breakneck speed. Sufficient resources were not allocated for thinking robustness and security into the process, resulting in lack of overview and coordination at both cross-sectorial and sector-specific levels.
It makes us very vulnerable right now.
Providing robustness to critical vulnerabilities in digital infrastructures is a task best resolved at the sharp end in the individual sectors, but must be managed centrally. The Government's new strategy should provide a central direction in this process.
The new cybersecurity strategy must designate a central authority that can create a cross-sectorial overview that guides and maintains oversight of the process involving governmental stakeholders and private actors within the individual sectors. Centralization aims to clarify the strategic objectives of digital robustness and to ensure that requirements are observed and validated. At the same time, a central function must be built, which will serve as a single entry point for reporting cyber related incidents.
This is particularly relevant providing robustness and security in critical societal functions.
PROTECTION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES
Critical infrastructures are all things that bring cohesion and solidity to our society. Everything that used to bring it all together was formerly state property and state responsibility. That's not the case anymore. Ownership of critical societal functions is largely delegated to both national and international private companies. The change in ownership affects some of the key security policy paradigms, such as 'national vs. international' and 'internal vs. external security'.
In the current Danish risk landscape the challenge is that some sectors are more vulnerable than others. However, some sectors have not yet identified the most serious vulnerabilities. We generally need to identify the features that are critical to the robustness of society, and we need to assign and delegate responsibilities and resources to authorities and private providers of critical societal functions. The process must necessarily take place at the sector-specific level – where the appropriate competencies are available. We must implement a process based on the principle of sectorial accountability.
Compliance is the key concept for providing robustness in critical infrastructures – in both sector-specific and cross-sectorial terms. Unlike a number of other countries, Denmark does not currently have a formalized central definition of the concept of critical infrastructures. This designation is assigned to an individual interpretation of the term in the individual sectors.
The Danish 2014 cybersecurity strategy favors key dynamic sector-specific solutions. However, the starting point for the dynamic approach is rather confronted by the fact that we have not adequately allocated resources for the task.
Due to lack of resources, the provision of robustness and security in digitized critical infrastructures has been prioritized in competition with other tasks of the sectorial authorities. The process has gone stale, awaiting the arrival of new impetus that hopefully comes with a new strategy during 2018.
Digital vulnerabilities in critical infrastructures must be considered globally. Denmark is among the most digitized communities in the world.
But we are not among the best in measure of robustness against digital vulnerabilities. According to the UN/ITU Global Cybersecurity Index from 2017, Denmark is down to a 34th place internationally. Precisely because of the prominent position in the implementation of comprehensive digitization of society, we are also more vulnerable than most.
Within the five pillars of the ITU Global Index, which measures the quality of security and robustness in the state's handling of digital vulnerabilities, Denmark fails the test. To reverse the downfall the Government's new strategy must address specific challenges in the absence of sectorial legislation, outstanding national strategy development, inadequate cross-sectorial cohesion, dysfunctional public-private cooperation and diffusion in capacity building. A global comparison shows that Denmark is lagging behind.
In the cyber arena, the Danish National Security Policy Agenda is driven by regulations and directives coming from NATO or EU. Providing robustness to digital vulnerabilities has been the subject of great awareness internationally for a number of years. Denmark has obligations in relation to international cooperation in the digital domain. Defense and security policy initiatives from international cooperation must be embodied in Danish law to achieve compliance.
This top-down process meets resistance when national interests come into play. The latest controversy surrounding the introduction of Eu's GDPR into the Danish national legislation on privacy protection provides a relevant case study.
A status quo of Danish digital robustness will undoubtedly show that some sectors are well prepared. Other sectors have basic processes and certifications in place, which may require updating. But the majority of Danish companies will be found to be completely in the dark. This is still true in meeting the requirements provided in the EU Privacy Guidelines, GDPR, and introducing corporate compliance in accordance with the renewed national data protection law; however, the EU NIS-Directive lurks in the shadows. The NIS-Directive has a decisive influence on how to introduce robustness and security into critical infrastructures in the future.
GDPR & NIS-DIRECTIVE
In 2016 Denmark acceded to the NIS-Directive, which, like legislation for personal data protection, will come into force from May 2018. When we focus on the protection of critical infrastructures, the NIS-Directive becomes the pivotal focal point for the impending strategy.
The Net- and Information Systems Security Directive (NIS) is the EU tool for promoting digital robustness in all EU Member States, thus promoting cyber security across the EU as a whole. Due to a high degree of interdependence across borders, digital vulnerabilities will migrate, justifying the top-down approach.
The Directive obliges member states to identify operators of vital societal functions and to ensure that they comply with a number of requirements. The Directive focuses on digital vulnerabilities. It is anticipated that the intent of the NIS-Directive will be implemented in the forthcoming Danish national cybersecurity strategy. Based on the sectorial principle, the respective responsible ministries must set requirements and criteria for operators with roles and responsibilities in the protection of critical infrastructures, and monitor that operators comply with sector-specific network and information security requirements.
CENTRAL MANAGEMENT – DECENTRALIZED IMPLEMENTATION
In this sector-specific process to ensure NIS-Directive compliance, there will be great need for centralized management. This is the primary key to affirm requirements and criteria for critical infrastructures. Secondly, resources should be allocated centrally for implementation of the national strategy and the introduction of compliance in accordance with the intentions of the NIS-Directive in the individual sectors.
Without resources, the implementation of a Danish cybersecurity strategy will be delayed, possibly repeating continued breaches of vulnerabilities in critical infrastructures that result in major tangible and intangible losses to both public and private entities.
Part of the requirements for authorities and operators is the introduction of management processes according to ISO 27001. This will give operators and authorities in each sector a high level of insight into their own preparedness. Thus the individual sectors have the best knowledge and skills to create opportunities for increasing robustness against digital vulnerabilities. The ISO standard will be a common starting point for sector-specific efforts. However, ISO 27001 does not necessarily provide a cross-sectorial coherence. Therefore, a centralized body is needed to create cross-sectorial overview, transparency, oversight and facilitate a coordinated process.
Overview, coordination, accountability and resource allocation appear to be key challenges in implementing new strategies for sector-specific digital robustness. Therefore, the different sectors may risk fragmentation and redirected prioritization of the task when the new national strategy is to be implemented. The new national strategy must address these challenges in the individual sectors.
The same challenges arise in inter-ministerial and inter-agency cooperation. The essential requirements for a successful cross-departmental implementation of the forthcoming national cybersecurity strategy requires the establishment of a central authority that creates overview and coordination and a centralized designation of critical infrastructures, in support of decentralized implementation. And finally a central distribution of costs for implementing the strategy.
The national cybersecurity strategy will hopefully provide an overall security policy approach to security for everyone in the digital domain. It should determine a new security policy paradigm. Here, 'robustness vs. vulnerabilities' is a decisive bid for a new overall agile paradigm. In a global and pan-European perspective, resilience is the term that most easily leads to a discussion of a national implementation of NATO and EU targets for a 'robust and secure society.'
RESILIENCE AS A STRATEGIC PARADIGM
Despite of the widespread use of the concept, there is no common definition of resilience across different disciplines, such as psychology, ecology, sociology, political sciences, military studies, criminology, law, economics, technology or systems theory. In various contexts the concept is loosely translated into robustness, resistance, sustainability, changeability, defence or restitution. In the absence of a precise interdisciplinary definition, resilience assumes a label as 'Buzzword'.
Nevertheless, both NATO, EU and national strategies in a number of countries use the concept in their response to the challenges in the digital domain. Resilience – or robustness, in our interpretation of the term – contains the hypothesis that our world has become complex. The number of vulnerabilities is extensive. It has in itself an escalating effect to talk about many serious cyber events from a threat terminology. It has become impossible to protect ourselves from all of the risks found in the digital domain – let alone prevent them from happening.
We must understand cyberspace as a risky digital domain, where it is crucial to increase focus on own vulnerabilities, mutual interdependence and resilience. Instead of talking about strategies for deterrence, we must work with risk management.
In this context, robustness is an antonym to vulnerability.
Robustness holds a promise that whatever happens, we have an idea of how to recover and proceed.
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British Columbia's hunters and anglers have long been the vanguard of wildlife conservation efforts in our province. Over the years, many of us have raised concerns about declining wildlife populations, large-scale habitat fragmentation and deterioration of true backcountry wilderness. Members of the British Columbia chapter of Backcountry Hunters and Anglers are therefore pleased to see our provincial government bring forward a plan to improve wildlife management and habitat conservation through the "Together for Wildlife" proposal. The proposed strategy aspires to develop clear and measurable objectives for wildlife stewardship and then use policy and "on-the-ground" actions to achieve them. We are particularly pleased to see a commitment to making transparent, evidence-based decisions about wildlife stewardship actions through consultation with provincial and regional committees comprised of key stakeholder groups.
Although the framework for Together for Wildlife is laudable, its current form is simply a high-level set of aspirational statements. Turning aspirations into reality will require careful and dedicated implementation. This will not be straightforward. Criteria for involvement on the Provincial Minister's Wildlife Advisory Council and Regional Wildlife Committees must be carefully developed. Too often, decisions that impact the health and management of ecosystems are made by special interest groups, emotional responses to hot-button issues, or short-term economic goals. When decisions are made this way, it is to the detriment of wildlife populations and habitat. Participating members on the Provincial Minister's Wildlife Advisory Council and Regional Wildlife Committees must be committed to wildlife stewardship and not prejudiced by trend social issues or special interests. In particular, members of these groups, who will guide wildlife and habitat policy, research priorities, and funding, should be familiar with the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation and recognize that that the most effective wildlife stewardship policies and objectives are grounded in the best available science.
Additionally, the strategy presented does not adequately describe the funding models that will be employed to achieve provincial wildlife stewardship goals. Without appropriate funding that is both robust and secure, the Together for Wildlife strategy will fail. Funds from user groups (including hunting license and tag sales, but also from consumptive and non-consumptive users of our public lands, waters, and wildlife) should be dedicated to wildlife stewardship. Moreover, the Provincial Minister's Wildlife Advisory Council should be mandated to explore additional sources of funds and funding models that can be leveraged to maximize resources available for wildlife stewardship.
The Together for Wildlife Strategy commits to stewarding our provincial wildlife populations through the protection, conservation, restoration and recovery of wildlife and habitat and the enforced regulation of human activities. This admirable goal will only be achieved if legislation puts habitat conservation and wildlife management on the same footing as economic growth, development, and social issues. We are concerned that the legislative commitments in the Together for Wildlife Strategy will be insufficient to elevate wildlife stewardship as a provincial priority and would like to see the province reconsider the development of specific legislation for habitat conservation and wildlife management.
The BC Chapter of Backcountry Hunters and Anglers urges all British Columbian's who care about wildlife management, habitat conservation and wilderness preservation to comment on the Together for Wildlife Strategy. The provincial government is conducting a questionnaire until Jan. 9, 2020. Learn more at: https://www.backcountryhunters.org/togetherforwildlife.
Alan Duffy, Bill Hanlon and Mark Robichaud sit on the board of the British Columbia chapter of Backcountry Hunters and Anglers and work hard to protect our province's wilderness and wildlife for future generations.


Clean, crisp and practical. That sums up the classic linen tea towel, and also this innovative new title. Take a tea towel contains 16 projects, four for each of main four areas in the home: bathroom, kitchen, laundry and workroom, all using hardwearing Irish linen tea towels. The book will appeal to people who want to learn to sew, those who want to develop their sewing skills, for those with a love of simple, clean design and an appreciation of the utilitarian simplicity of Shaker design. This multi-craft project book teaches machine- and hand-sewing techniques and also includes different ways of adorning fabrics: dying, embroidery, fabric painting, photo transfers, Dorset button making, and many more.
I live in Brighton, teaching, making and writing craft books.


SOMERVILLE, Mass.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Finch Therapeutics Group, Inc., a clinical-stage microbiome therapeutics company, today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation to investigational drug CP101 for the treatment of patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection. Breakthrough Therapy Designation is intended to expedite the development and review of investigational therapeutics for serious or life-threatening conditions where preliminary clinical evidence indicates that the product may demonstrate a substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant endpoints.
CP101 is not approved in any country. The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation does not constitute or guarantee a future approval and does not alter the standards for approval.


It's early Sunday morning and Diesel, a six-year-old black Labrador, is going on holiday. His family is getting ready to go to the airport, but given he's 35kg (too big to travel in the cabin even if the airline permitted it) and not accustomed to travelling in a cage in cargo, he is waiting for his Dog-A-Porter chauffeur to arrive to meet his folks in Switzerland.
This is a regular occurrence for Diesel as half of his family is Swiss, so he welcomes the Dog-A-Porter driver with typical Labrador hysteria. He runs to get a toy for Hugo and smothers him with kisses. Then it's time to pack the car with his food, bed and toys. Diesel prefers to travel on his bed in the back, but he could also snooze all the way to Switzerland in the dog hammock on the rear seat, which is also safe and comfortable.
7.23am and they are on their way to catch the EuroTunnel at Folkestone. Traffic is light and Hugo can hear Diesel gently snoring, after all, it was an early start all round. When they arrive at the EuroTunnel terminal, Diesel pops his head up with that 'are we nearly there' look. It's just before the Easter holidays, but luckily the queues are not that bad, so Hugo takes Diesel out at the pet play area so he can have a sniff and a pee before they continue their journey. A quick snack and they are back in the car.
Cruising through Europe, Hugo is amazed at Diesel's capacity to sleep. He has to wake him up to give him some water and to stretch his legs after three hours into France. Diesel does not look terribly impressed and he shows displeasure at being woken up mid-squirrel-chasing dream with a huge yawn. Hugo has a dog ramp as Diesel has elbow dysplasia so he can't jump in and out of the car. He leisurely walks out of the car on the lead and then sees a bird and automatically perks up. He forgives Hugo and trots around, nose to the ground and ensuring that everyone knows Diesel is in the hood.
On the home straight, they cross into Switzerland and only 150 miles to Zurich. Luckily, Dog-A-Porter have a fuel efficient Mercedes SUV, so no need to stop for petrol. Diesel realises the end is nigh and is sitting in his bed looking out of the window, although not sure how much he can see as the window are tinted to stop glare and keep the sun out. As Hugo turns into Diesel's family's road, he starts to whimper. Dogs always amaze me as they are so intuitive; does he recognise the road or does he have Scooby senses and knows he's nearly home? 11 hours and 12 minutes after leaving his home in London, Diesel is reunited with his family. He can barely contain himself. Obviously, being a Labrador, he goes straight to the kitchen.
Until the next time Diesel…and in this case, two weeks for the return trip back to London. Enjoy your family holiday you handsome boy!
Guest blog by Dog-A-Porter co-founder, Camilla Mabbott for TheDogsWithMe.
Dog-A-Porter is the ultimate dog chauffeur service. Whether you are going on holiday or relocating in Europe, Dog-A-Porter can ensure that your beloved dogs can join you without the trauma of flying in cargo or in the back of a van.
No matter the destination in the UK or Europe, Dog-A-Porter provides a door-to-door, fully bespoke service. We are registered with the Government Agency DEFRA to transport dogs in and out the UK and our Mercedes SUV 4×4 has been certified by NSF for the welfare of animals during transport.
Dogs aren't baggage, they're family.


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A Gruta da Quinta Irene é uma formação geológica portuguesa localizada na freguesia de Ribeirinha, concelho da Ribeira Grande, ilha de São Miguel, arquipélago dos Açores.

Esta cavidade apresenta uma geomorfologia de origem vulcânica em forma de tubo de lava localizado em encosta.

Este acidente geológico apresenta tem um comprimento de 62 m. por uma largura máxima de 16 m. e por uma altura também máxima de 5 m.

Ver também
 Lista de grutas dos Açores

Grutas dos Açores

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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"Even after performing, you were dropped", Harbhajan stands up for Manoj Tiwary
Harshit Anand Updated: 8 August, 2019, 2:43 PM IST
Manoj Tiwary was left fuming after he didn't find a place in any team for the upcoming Duleep trophy. The Bengal cricketer had even vented out his frustration at East Zone selector Devang Gandhi and now he has found support in India's off-spinner, Harbhajan Singh. Bhajji is someone who speaks his mind and doesn't believe in mincing his words. And now, he has come out in support of the 33 years old talented batsman.
Retweeting a video posted by Tiwary on Wednesday, Harbhajan said, "You have been very unlucky my brother.. even after performing you were dropped from the team."
Manoj replied by tweeting, "Thank u Paa G for saying Wat is truth. Dats y I hav a great respect for u. Atleast someone wit a blue tick has come forward nd said ? My autobiography is on d way ?."
Recently, Tiwary had expressed his disappointment at being ignored by the national selectors.
"Two seasons ago, I made an all-time record in Indian domestic cricket, scoring at an average of 100-plus in both the Vijay Hazare Trophy and the Deodhar Trophy. I also had the highest strike-rate. Despite that I had been ignored. India had a problem at the No. 4 position and mind you, I was dropped after scoring a hundred in an ODI, batting at No. 4. I demand clarity," Tiwary was quoted as saying by The Indian Express.
Tiwary had added, "Age is just a number. I'm still very fit and it's all about your ability as a cricketer. Faiz Fazal (33 years old) will captain a team (India Green) in the Duleep Trophy."
The right-hander has represented India in 12 ODIs and 3 T20Is. He last played for the Men in Blue during the 2015 Zimbabwe tour.
Ben Stokes will go down as the greatest all-rounder of all time - Michael Vaughan
Former England cricketer Michael Vaughan has heaped praise on star all-rounder Ben Stokes after his remarkable century against South Africa on the second day of the third Test at the St George's Oval. The 45-year-old legendary player believes that Stokes is going through the best phase of his career and will definitely go down as one of the greatest all-rounders of all time.
Vaughan also took to his official Twitter handle to post a heartfelt message for Stokes, "Sometimes we take for granted sports people we are watching in our own era .. but it's safe to say @benstokes38 is at the height of his power and will go down as one of the all-time greats .. Many more years of him to go as well. Let's enjoy it."
Ben Stokes was recently named as the ICC's Cricketer of the Year and he went on to take the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy.
Stokes, who was overwhelmed with the great honor, said while receiving an award, "It is quite flattering to win the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy for the ICC Men's Cricketer of the Year. The past 12 months have been incredible for England cricket and to lift the ICC Men's Cricket World Cup for the first time was our greatest achievement."
India have underachieved in the last two World Cups - Michael Vaughan
Former England skipper Michael Vaughan came up with another bold statement on Team India as he claimed that the Men in Blue have underachieved in the last two World Cups. Vaughan believes that India lack power in the middle-order and they have not been able to do justice with their performance in the ODI format.
The 45-year-old veteran batsman recently took to his official Twitter handle and wrote, "If they are honest they will accept the last 2 World Cups they have underachieved!! They lack power for me in the engine room, the middle order, they have 3 yrs to make sure they can keep up the tradition of the hosts winning!"
India faced a crushing 10-wicket defeat against Australia in the first ODI at the Wankhede Stadium. However, they bounced back and the won the second game in Rajkot. Virat Kohli-led team was superb in the batting department and vital contribution from the top order led them to a big total. Aussies tried their best but were undone by some exceptional bowling in the end. Mohammed Shami, Navdeep Saini, Kuldeep Yadav and Jasprit Bumrah were superb in their bowling spells.
Author's derogatory comment on Virat-Anushka invites the wrath of fans
An Indian author Bhawna Arora wrote a cheap comment on the personal equation of Indian captain Virat Kohli and Bollywood diva Anushka Sharma. In a derogatory tweet, Bhawna tried a 'tongue in cheek' joke about Virat Kohli changing his batting position in the ongoing India-Australia ODI series. She tried to link the batting position with sexual positions, which was taken in a bad taste by the Twitterati.
"Anushka Sharma is angry as Virat Kohli is trying new positions with Australians but not with her #INDvAUS," her tweet read. The twitter community got enraged with such clumsy and audacious tweet seeking cheap limelight for the sake of discussing the Indian captain's personal life.
A twitter user replied to Bhawna's comment saying, "It isn't funny", while another one called it purely "shameless". Bhawna was made to realize her grave mistake after getting humiliating replies.
Virat Kohli didn't look fussed about anything at all and went about his business scoring 78 runs off just 76 balls. At one stage, he looked well settled to score yet another century but was dismissed by Adam Zampa. However, India went on to win the second ODI by 36 runs and leveled the series, setting up a thrilling decider in Bengaluru, which will take place tomorrow.
Boucher: ICC must find balance but Rabada went 'bit too far'
AP Updated: 18 January, 2020, 11:05 AM IST
Like any fan of the game, Mark Boucher wants the International Cricket Council to find a balance when regulating how players - and especially aggressive fast bowlers like Kagiso Rabada - display their emotions on the field so as not to over-sanitize the sport.
"Don't take the emotion out of the game because I still think there is a very big part for that in the game of cricket," South Africa's head coach said.
There should be little argument over that. But while making that point, Boucher also conceded that Rabada maybe went too far when he celebrated, screaming and with fists pumping, right in front of Joe Root after bowling the England captain in the ongoing third test in Port Elizabeth.
The incident has put reasonably new ICC regulations guiding how and where players vent their emotions on the cricket field back under scrutiny.
The 24-year-old Rabada, a star of the sport, received a demerit or disciplinary point for his over-zealous celebration. An accumulation of those points led to him being banned for what will be the series-deciding fourth and final test next week. That robs the finale to a hotly contested fight between two old cricketing foes of one of the world's best bowlers.
There's been criticism of the rules and the suspension of Rabada. He was charged and punished by cricket's ruling body for "using language, actions or gestures which disparage or which could provoke an aggressive reaction from a batter."
Some question if the ICC is going too far and trying to restrict players showing their feelings.
But Rabada wouldn't have been disciplined if he celebrated in the same way a meter or two to the left or right of Root. His venting right in front of Root — "yes, he was in his space," Boucher admitted — was the problem because it was deemed provocative. Rabada appeared to intentionally head straight for Root.
And this is where the criticism that the ICC is removing emotion from cricket might be misplaced.
Because Rabada, young, energetic and fiercely competitive, has celebrated plenty of wickets this series with equal zealousness, just not right in the face of an opposing player. And the ICC hasn't had any issue with it.
That's surely the balance Boucher and other coaches and players are calling for.
Another incident from this series saw England wicketkeeper Jos Buttler fined for his expletive-laden taunting of South Africa's Vernon Philander in the second test in Cape Town. On-field sledging between players is far from new in cricket, but Buttler's swearing was caught on a stump microphone and broadcast fairly clearly to a live TV audience of all ages.
Buttler was fined, a move also criticized by some commentators and former players, though the ICC does not appear unreasonable in its concerns over swear words ringing out on live TV during a game.
There's evidence of some balance from cricket officials in this regard, too. When Buttler walked out to bat on Friday, the South Africans greeted him with some words of their own - there may or may not have been expletives — but nothing was caught on any microphone.
Most cricketers see sledging, within reason, as a part of the game and the ICC isn't going to be taking any action against anyone for Buttler's fiery welcome because it all stayed on the field among the players. Their business.
As Ollie Pope, the other England batter out there when Buttler arrived, said: "What's said on the pitch stays on the pitch, unless the stump mics pick up on it.
"Obviously there would have been a bit of a hostile environment but that's only natural, that's cricket. Two countries are battling it out. It was all good."
It was all good for the ICC also, which seems to have found some balance between those two sledging incidents.
Boucher made clear he had issues with some of the finer points of the regulations, including being unable to appeal low-level offenses like Rabada's that resulted in him being banned only because he has committed similar offenses three times previously in the last two years.
But Boucher also conceded: "KG (Rabada) knows what he can and cannot do and he maybe just pushed a little bit too far."
Each day I have been thrown different roles and responsibilities, and I am enjoying it - KL Rahul
AP Updated: 18 January, 2020, 9:52 AM IST
India leveled the series with a match to go after beating Australia by 36 runs in the second one-day international on Friday.
Made to bat first, India totaled 340-6 with half-centuries from Shikhar Dhawan (96), Lokesh Rahul (80), and captain Virat Kohli (78).
Australia was well short long before the chase sputtered out with five balls left, on 304 all out. Steve Smith-led with 98 and Marnus Labuschagne added 46. They shared 96 runs for the third wicket but were gone by the 38th over.
Mohammed Shami finished with 3-77, while Navdeep Saini and Ravindra Jadeja took two wickets each.
The series decider is on Sunday at Bengaluru.
Dhawan and Rohit Sharma shared an 81-run opening stand, as India looked to rebound from the rare 10-wicket loss on Tuesday.
Sharma was out lbw on 42 to Adam Zampa (3-50) in the 14th over, which brought Kohli to the crease.
Dhawan and Kohli put on 103 runs, rotating the strike with ease and setting up a big score. India crossed 150 in the 25th over as Dhawan brought up his second consecutive half-century off 60 balls. He fell four short of a deserved hundred, dismissed by Kane Richardson.
Meanwhile, Kohli countered Zampa's leg spin with aplomb and reached his half-century off 50 deliveries.
However, Zampa bowled Shreyas Iyer (7) and got Kohli's prized wicket for the fifth time in ODI cricket. The India skipper was caught at the boundary with Ashton Agar aiding Mitchell Starc in the catch relay.
Rahul took charge in the death overs and smashed six fours and three sixes, bringing up his half-century off 38 balls to push India past 300 and earn man of the match. He helped India score 89 runs in the last 10 overs.
"Each day I have been thrown different roles and responsibilities, and I am enjoying it," Rahul said. "I got a good start today and the ball was coming on nicely. I was happy with the wicketkeeping duties as well." He wore the gloves instead of Rishabh Pant, who was ruled out of the game owing to a concussion.
Australia's chase lost David Warner (15) early thanks to a stunning one-handed leaping catch by Manish Pandey.
Smith and Aaron Finch (33) rebuilt the innings. Despite Finch being stumped off Ravindra Jadeja, Smith kept Australia abreast of the asking rate.
He found an able partner in Labuschagne, and Australia crossed 150 in the 25th over. When Labuschagne tried to push the scoring rate, he was out caught in the deep off Jadeja.
Alex Carey added 18 off 17 balls, but Kuldeep Yadav delivered the double blow in the 38th over that changed the game.
First, Carey was out caught at mid-off and Smith played on, falling two short of a hundred.
Australia's lower middle order didn't have enough firepower to push for victory.
"We were always just one more wicket down than what we'd have liked at any stage of the chase," Finch said.
Dhawan didn't field after being hit in the ribs while batting. But he is expected to be fit for the series finale on Sunday at Bengaluru.start today and the ball was coming on nicely. I was happy with the wicketkeeping duties as well." He wore the gloves instead of Rishabh Pant, who was ruled out of the game owing to a concussion.
SA Players Must Make AB's Return Harder
Sreelata S Yellamrazu Updated: 17 January, 2020, 5:29 PM IST
Recently Peter Siddle announced his retirement from Test cricket. Although in the squad for the Test series against New Zealand, the performances of players such as Pat Cummins and James Pattinson perhaps made it clear to the veteran fast bowler that his services were only a backup and not part of the mainstream plan. Similarly, the onus should be on South Africa's players to not necessitate AB de Villiers' predicted return to the team.
South Africa could well not take a chance after their doleful performances at the ICC Cricket World Cup 2019 in England and include AB de Villiers if the talks mutually favor his return from retirement. Although even that return is expected to brief with an intent to feature in the ICC Twenty20 World in Australia later this year, it would mean that South Africa would need to decide quickly if they do want de Villiers and whether he is willing to be a part of the team set up once more after retiring by his choice with late pangs in the course of the World Cup.
That said, while South Africa will not want world-class talent to sit idle if it is the intention of the player to return to the game, they must, also, look ahead. With Graeme Smith as the director of cricket and Mark Boucher in charge of the team as head coach with Jacques Kallis and Charle Langeveldt to back them up in the support staff, South Africa's cricket needs to look for successors rather than take only regressive decisions in the immediate interests of the team.
Much has been written about the Kolpak deals that have seen player drains, the financial conundrums that have forced players to retire and play in overseas domestic cricket and also, of player migrations for perceived lack of opportunities at home. The number of South Africa born players playing for other teams – including Marnus Labuschagne and Neil Wagner – is endless.
South Africa will have to find a better way for the remaining players who have decided to throw their weight behind the cause of playing for South Africa to rise to the occasion, put up their hand and be counted rather than simply make up the bleak numbers. It will mean a lot of work to unearth unpolished diamonds from the support staff and bridging the gap between domestic cricket and international level. But it will, also, mean that the players making the team know that this is an opportunity to entrench themselves.
From feeling desperate enough to controversially call up Siddle, the Australian selectors would have silently heaved a sigh of relief not at Siddle's retirement but rather watching Australia's bowlers do the job well enough on the field against Pakistan and again against New Zealand not to warrant Siddle's induction into the playing eleven at any point.
Although it might seem farfetched, given South Africa's performances in the past year, it is not beyond them to find players who can commit themselves to the point where AB de Villiers and others like him could be a problem of riches rather than the dearth forcing desperate measures. It will be up to the players to make a player, who has chosen to step out of the game, work harder to get back into the team. It is a tall order, not only because of AB's versatility as a batsman but also, because of the many problems that virtually derailed South Africa last year.
AB de Villiers eyeing ODI comeback
AB de Villiers has said that he would like to make a comeback to ODIs as well. Playing his first season of the Australian domestic T20 league, the Big Bash, de Villiers has fueled expectations of him making a comeback to the international cricket in its white ball avatar. The protean has already retired from all forms of international cricket.
In a post-match discussion with former Australian wicketkeeper and BBL commentator, Adam Gilchrist, Mr. 360 degree revealed that an ODI comeback is on the cards. "ODIs I wouldn't take completely out of the equation, but for Test matches, it's pretty much done," Deccan Chronicle quoted de Villiers as saying.
Earlier, before making an appearance in his first-ever BBL match for Brisbane Heat, the swashbuckling batsman, in an interview to cricket.com.au had said, that he was planning to throw in his name for selection in the South African squad for World T20, which would take place in Australia, later this year.
"It's a long way away still, and plenty can happen, there's the IPL coming up, I've still got to be in form at that time. So I'm thinking of throwing my name in the hat and hoping that everything will work out," de Villiers had said about his chances of getting into the Proteas squad for the T20 World Cup.


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Carl Gerhard Bolinder, född 24 september 1818 i Vaksala öster om Uppsala, död 21 maj 1892 i Stockholm, var en svensk industriman.

Studieresa i Storbritannien
Bolinder fick anställning vid 19 års ålder som elev vid Samuel Owens verkstad i Stockholm 1837. Han blev Jernkontorets stipendiat vid Motala verkstad 3 april 1838 och flyttade snart till Motala. Därefter blev han verkmästare vid Frans Henrik Kockum den äldres mekaniska verkstad, Kockums Mekaniska Werkstad i Kockums gjuteri i Malmö. År 1841 gjorde han en studieresa till England och Skottland tillsammans med brodern Jean Bolinder och där praktiserade han åren 1841-1844, huvudsakligen i Manchester. Han arbetade på flera stora verkstäder och satte sig väl in i den mekaniska industriens olika grenar.

Grundade Bolinders Mekaniska Verkstad på Kungsholmen

Vid hemkomsten till Sverige började han genast att tillsammans med brodern göra förberedelserför att anlägga en mekanisk verkstad. Tillsammans med brodern grundade han år 1845 J. & C.G. Bolinders Mekaniska Verkstad i Stockholm, där Carl Gerhard Bolinder blev arbetsledare medan Jean Bolinder sattes som direktör."Hade brodern Jean den yttre ledningen, var Carl Gerhard den egentlige ledaren av verkstaden. Hans organisatoriska hand och ständiga omtanke var av största betydelse för denna verkstads utveckling." Från 1873 hette företaget J. & C.G. Bolinders Mekaniska Verkstads AB. Carl Gerhard Bolinder tjänstgjorde vid Bolinders som arbetschef till sin död 1892. År 1870 utnämndes han till Riddare av Vasaorden, RVO.

Av de två bröderna var Carl var den mer industriellt sinnade, medan Jean var mer inriktad på försäljning och marknadsföring. Under de första åren tillverkade företaget ångmaskiner, sågverksutrustning och andra träbearbetningsmaskiner, liksom gjutjärnsprodukter som spisar och värmeelement.

Bolinders blev särskilt berömt för sina motorer. Året efter Carls död, år 1893, tillverkade företaget Sveriges första fyrtakts förgasarmotor av sitt slag. Semi-dieselmotorerna blev dock företagets största framgång. Uppskattningsvis 80 procent av alla fiskebåtsmotorer i världen hade Bolinder-motorer under 1920-talet.

Carl Gerhard Bolinder som arbetsledare och organisatör

Carl Gerhard Bolinder var arbetsledare och organisatör i J. & C.G. Bolinders Mekaniska Verkstad som han och brodern Jean Bolinder grundade 1844 vid Klara sjö på Kungsholmen i Stockholm. Företaget blev framgångsrikt. Såsom arbetschef medverkade han i hög grad till verkstadens framgång och utveckling. Han konstruerade själv ett flertal olika arbetsmaskiner. Han kompletterade även i övrigt maskinutrustningen och införde modern drift såväl i verkstaden som i gjuteriet. Han drog då nytta av de kunskaper han hade inhämtat vid sina erfarenheter i Storbritannien. Som person var han kraftfull och en man med utpräglade ledaregenskaper, en redbar och ordningsälskande man. Han vann genom varm välvilja och i sann mening patriarkalisk myndighet sina många underhavandes förtroende och aktning. Carl Gerhard Bolinders son Erik August Bolinder (1863-1930) övertog ledningen i bolaget och blev VD för Bolinders redan 1888 och han förblev i ledningen ända fram till sin död 1930.

Släktförhållanden
Han var son till komminister Erik Bolinder och Elisabeth Johanna Schalin samt yngre bror till ingenjören
och industrimannen Jean Bolinder (1813-1899). Bolinder gifte sig 24 februari 1861 med Selma Margareta Maria Bäckman, dotter till handelsmannen Martin Bäckman i Hudiksvall. Hon var född 13 juni 1835 och död 12 augusti 1918. Carl Gerhard Bolinder var far till ingenjören Erik August Bolinder, som 1888 övertog ledningen på Bolinders.
År 1883 målade konstnären Georg von Rosen ett porträtt av Carl Gerhard Bolinder.

Carl Gerhard Bolinder är begravd på Norra begravningsplatsen i Solna kommun tillsammans med sin hustru.

Referenser

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Vidare läsning

Externa länkar

Svenska ingenjörer under 1800-talet
Personer inom Sveriges näringsliv under 1800-talet
Födda 1818
Avlidna 1892
Riddare av Vasaorden
Ugglan
Män
Gravsatta på Norra begravningsplatsen i Stockholm
Personer från Vaksala socken


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Destiny (Expression) Number 6
Destiny #6
Michael Ealy is an American actor, best known for his roles as Ricky Nash in Barbershop (2002), Slap Jack in 2 Fast 2 Furious (2003), Jake Attica in Takers (2010), Danny in About Last Night (2014), and Carter Duncan in The Perfect Guy (2015).
He was born on Friday August 3rd 1973, in Washington, District of Columbia, United States.
Michael Ealy is a loving and caring individual with a tendency to put the needs of others before those of himself. Michael is responsible and trustworthy with a high regard for justice and honesty. Duty will follow him all his life and it sometimes feels a little too much of a burden.
Ealy is artistic. Harmony and beauty are high on his list of priorities. He has musical talent but the creative talents of Destiny 6 are sometimes left undeveloped or suppressed as a result of their tendency to sacrifice their time and pleasure to the service of others. Michael Ealy is highly creative in all areas of life, particularly the visual. He is also a talented business person and can work methodically toward the realization of his goals.
Michael Ealy has a natural gift with flowers, gardens, and animals. His love of children has caused numerologists to dub Destiny 6s the "Cosmic Mothers and Fathers". The very shape of the 6 resembles and symbolizes "Pregnant with Love".
Michael is a natural counselor and healer. But he must be careful not to interfere with the freedom of others. Ealy is recognized as an idealist, mainly regarding marriage, friendships and humanity.
The 6 is the most balanced of all numbers, but also contains within itself the greatest paradoxes. It is as if opposite tendencies were tenuously poised. Because of its gift for harmonizing these opposites, Michael Ealy is uniquely qualified to handle and integrate contradictions within himself. It is for this reason that 6s so frequently find themselves in the role of healers or counselors, creating a peace between opposing points of view, or internal conflicts within themselves.
While Ealy can be very idealistic, there may also be a temptation to acquire beautiful objects by improper means. Michael Ealy must also guard against other meddlesome behavior and domestic tyranny, or always having to have his own way in a family dispute.
Conversely, he has it within himself to understand another person's dilemma and come up with a creative solution. Michael Ealy's natural ability to give comfort and warmth can smooth over hurt feelings like a healing balm. He attracts love and appreciation. And rightly so, because Michael gives the same in return.
Michael Ealy makes an outstanding teacher (especially young children or special education), healer, counselor social worker, psychologist, artist, designer, gardener, florist, and farmer. He can be successful in business, especially those that involve dealing with people.
You and Michael
About Michael's Destiny (Expression) number
The Destiny number reveals the talents, abilities, and shortcomings that were with Michael Ealy when he entered his human body. His name, and the numbers derived from it, reveals Michael's development, as well as the talents and issues he will be working with during this life.
Read more about our interpretation of Michael Ealy's destiny (expression) number . . .
Other celebrities with the destiny number 6 as Michael Ealy
Selena Gomez (1992)
An American actress and singer who became famous for her leading role as Alex Russo in the Disney Channel series Wizards of Waverly Place, formed July Moon Production company, and founded her band Selena Gomez & the Scene
Hillary Clinton (1947)
An American politician who was the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, after acting as the 67th United States Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from New York, and First Lady of the United States
An American actress, model, and singer who is the highest-grossing actress of all time and the tenth movie star in general, and is considered one of Hollywood's modern sex symbols, titled twice "Sexiest Woman Alive" by Esquire magazine
Kate Middleton (1982)
The wife of Prince William who was in 2012 and 2013 by Time magazine as one of the "100 Most Influential People in the World", due to the impact she has upon British and American fashion, which has been termed the "Kate Middleton effect"
Blake Shelton (1976)
An American country music singer and television personality who is also known for his role as a judge on the televised singing competitions Nashville Star, Clash of the Choirs, and The Voice
Angelina Jolie (1975)
An American Actress, Filmmaker and Philanthropist who has received an Academy Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards, and has been cited as Hollywood's highest-paid actress
Anna Kendrick (1985)
An American actress and singer who rose to international fame after her performance as Natalie Keener in Up in the Air, for which she received Academy Award, BAFTA, Golden Globe, and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Best Supporting Actress
Meghan Trainor (1993)
An American singer, songwriter and record producer who wrote, recorded, performed, and produced three independent albums between ages 15 and 17, of music that is influenced by the 1950s and 1960s eras, and is noted for its retro style aesthetic
Cara Delevingne (1992)
An English fashion model and actress who won the "Model of the Year" award at the British Fashion Awards in 2012 and 2014, and has appeared in shows for houses including Burberry, Mulberry, Dolce & Gabbana, and Jason Wu
Michael Ealy Numerology -- Destiny (Expression) Number 6 | © Copyright 2009-2020 Celebrities Galore and Master Numerologist Hans Decoz


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Verb wall: The $40 billion Mark Zuckerberg is leaving on the table
I was on stage with Facebook advertising Product Manager Paul Adams this morning. Don't know who he is? He came up with the research that led to Google Circles before moving to Facebook. Interesting guy, but he told me that Facebook isn't working on ways to push advertising back out through the verbs to client apps.
First, what's a verb? Every time you comment, like, read, run, or do other things you are creating data that gets turned into a verb and pushed into Facebook via an API.
You can see the results of these verbs on the new ticker that runs on the right side of Facebook.com. On my screen right now it says "Erik Lammerding read…" or "Verizon Wireless added…" or "Katherine Goldstein likes…"
But the problem is Facebook has a verb wall, which means Zuckerberg is leaving BIG money on the table.
Let's unpack just how much money Facebook is leaving on the table. First of all, here's an interesting video with AllTrails. Don't know who they are? They are yet another app developer that is collecting interesting data about the world. In this case hiking trails and other outdoor activity areas. Go ahead and watch, I'll wait until you get back.
Do you see the verbs? "Walked…" "Skiied…" "Boated…" "Finished…" "Ran…" "Cycled…" "Climbed…"
Now, the reason I posted this here is because there are hundreds of companies like AllTrails. Companies like Foodspotting, who are studying our emotion, er, verbs around food. Companies like RunKeeper, who are studying our emotion, er, verbs around exercise. Companies like Foursquare, who are studying our emotion, er, verbs around location.
These companies have data that Mark Zuckerberg wants. Why?
Facebook's driving mission is to know everything about everything. Oh, OK, they don't say that on stage, but we all know that's where they are going, don't we? (officially it's: "Facebook's mission is to give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected.")
After all, Facebook is a new kind of media company. One where the media comes TO us. Yahoo is the old kind of media company. We have to go TO the media there. That's why Yahoo is boring, no matter how many iPad apps they release. It's old and creaky. It's not social. It doesn't have verbs. It doesn't have a way to bring my friends, or my interests to me like Facebook and Google+ can. Facebook is new and fresh. Paul nailed why on stage: the web is being rebuilt around people. He gave several examples, but, heck, AllTrails is as good an example as any. I can see what people say about the trails. Even better, as AllTrails integrates into Facebook, I can see which trails my friends have been on.
The problem is that Mark Zuckerberg's "verbs" (the way that apps, like Foodspotting, AllTrails, Foursquare, or Runkeeper will share their info into Facebook) are sort of one way. Facebook has a cultural bug here. They view everything like a data roach motel: all your data can come in, but it won't leave. Well, except that Zuckerberg keeps hiring all these open web folks, so watch for this to change.
And, due to Paul's statements on stage, I'd go further: all your app data will come in, but no value will escape.
That means that Mark Zuckerberg still hasn't seen the $40 billion market that he's leaving on the table because he's not thinking about how to become THE ad network for the modern mobile age.
Let's go into what Facebook will have to do.
They will need to build a new messaging infrastructure for advertising. A lot of that is already built, but ads need to be portable, mobile friendly (form factors that work on iPhones and Android phones need to be standardized on) and need to be able to be passed through the contextual engine that Facebook is building (geeky way of saying "database that understands everything about you and your role in the world") and out, through those verb interfaces, to be displayed on apps like Foodspotting, AllTrails, etc.
Today, when I use Facebook on a mobile phone, I don't see a whole lot of advertising.
Adams, who is a product manager working on the advertising team, hinted at the kinds of advertising that he's interested in: ones that put people first. He showed several examples of commercial sites that became much more useful once social is added to them. Etsy and Trip Advisor, for instance, both change when you add Facebook to them to show a new kind of commerce: "five of your friends have been to this hotel." THAT is very powerful.
But, take that out, past the verb wall, aren't we more likely to be transactional when we are out and about and using apps like Amazon's new "Flow" app, or AllTrails. "Five of the people who've been on this trail ate at Joe's dinner, 500 yards away."
This is a new kind of advertising and there's going to be BILLIONS of dollars spent on this kind of "people-centric" advertising.
But first Mark Zuckerberg has to open up the verb wall and start passing VALUE back through that wall out to third-party developers.
If he does that, oh, boy, you will see a TON of innovation unleashed as developers build new kinds of apps for mobile developers.
First, though, Mark will have to blow open the verb wall. So, Zuckerberg, this is all my way of saying "tear down this wall."
Robert Scoble Uncategorized 24 Comments November 3, 2011 4 Minutes


Perth residents are going to be facing a small increase in water and sewer rates in the new year.
"We're going to be factoring in an increase in water and sewer rates of 2.5 percent," said John Fenik, Mayor.
The proposed rate increase is for both the flat rate and consumption fees, according to the staff report.
"We haven't had a water and sewer rate increase in eight years and our reserves are fairly low," explained Fenik.
Since 2010 town staff had been finding efficiencies and funding that mitigated the need for a rate increase. Those measure have included staff attrition, a reduction in operator presence at the Water Treatment Plant and provincial grants, according to Grant Machan, director of environmental services.
"The capital improvements to the water and sanitary sewer system, including large investments in the wastewater lagoon and water treatment plant, have impacted operations and reserve status," wrote Machan, in a report to council.
As town treasurer Brian Burns pointed out to council, the town is also entering into a loan of approximately $4.5 million for work on the lagoon and current reserves are sitting between four and five million dollars.


The UI Tippie College of Business' Full-time Iowa MBA program has been ranked among the world's best by the Financial Times, ranking especially high in salary increases of its alumni.
The Iowa MBA ranked 1st in the U.S. and 9th in the world for salary increases of its alumni. The typical Iowa MBA graduate received a 130 percent salary increase in their first job after completing the degree compared to the job they had before coming to the program, placing it ninth best in the world.
Other prominent Iowa MBA rankings included 23 in value worldwide (#3 in the U.S.) and 33 worldwide (#29 U.S.) in career services. The finance program was ranked 4 in the world.
The program was ranked the 44th best full-time MBA program in the United States by the London-based financial daily newspaper, and 84th best in the world. The global ranking is up ten spots from last year.
It's the only MBA program in Iowa to be ranked.


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Q: Unit/individual fixed effects vs. group fixed effects in a causal setting (DiD, RCT, etc.) I noticed that in difference-in-differences (DiDs), group fixed effects (FE) are predominantly used over unit/individual FE:
$$Y_{ist}=\alpha_s+\gamma_t+\delta D_{st}+\varepsilon_{ist}$$
What I don't understand is, e.g., if $Y_{ist}$ is the employment status of an individual $i$ in a state $s$ at time $t$ after some kind of a policy change $D$, wouldn't there be endogeneity because the employment decisions are based on individuals' choices? Is this the case when there is no individual FE, even though the treatment occurred at the state level? Why shouldn't (or can't) we estimate the equation with unit, group, and time FEs?:
$$Y_{ist}=\alpha_s+\alpha_i+\gamma_t+\delta D_{st}+\varepsilon_{ist}$$
Same with randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluations – I often see the inclusion of group FE but so far never of unit or time FE. What would be the reason behind this?

A:
What I don't understand is, e.g., if $Y_{ist}$ is the employment status of an individual $i$ in a state $s$ at time $t$ after some kind of a policy change $D$, wouldn't there be endogeneity because the employment decisions are based on individuals' choices?

To a degree, but it would depend upon why the policy was introduced. Assignment to treatment at this "higher level" is outside the control of the individual. Some of the randomization is taken care of when the assignment process is not in the hands of the individual participants themselves. On the other hand, endogeneity may be a concern when individual selection into a government training/education program $D_{st}$ is based upon their previous employment earnings.

Why shouldn't (or can't) we estimate the equation with unit, group, and time FEs?

It depends.
Assuming a well-defined level of aggregation and individuals do not move around, then you cannot simultaneously estimate individual, state, and time fixed effects. The individual fixed effects $\alpha_i$ will absorb the state fixed effects $\alpha_s$. The individual fixed effects explain the state level heterogeneity. If I know a person in your sample, then I also know their state membership. Put differently, if I know the individual, then I know whether they belong to a treatment state or a control state. This doesn't necessarily mean you cannot estimate all of these fixed effects in one equation. But, as indicated in the comments, I need to know the specifics of your study. For example, what if people change their residence as a direct result of a state level policy?
In the literature assessing the effects of minimum wage changes on outcomes (e.g., on-the-job training), evaluators working with a panel of individual level data may observe a fraction of their sample move between areas (i.e., states, regions, etc.) over time. Only in this setting would I recommend the estimation individual and aerial unit (i.e., state, region, etc.) fixed effects. That being said, it may be worthwhile to work with the "mover" and "non-mover" samples separately.

Same with randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluations – I often see the inclusion of group FE but so far never of unit or time FE. What would be the reason behind this?

In criminology and public healthy policy circles, difference-in-differences is often used with group (cluster) randomized trials. For example, abandoned housing units $i$ in a major metropolitan city may be randomly allocated to one of several intervention arms (i.e., treatment groups). Once the individual housing units get allocated to each group, evaluators may still use the difference-in-differences estimator with each treatment group in the model. So you may see a series of "group" dummies denoting one or several treatments, not necessarily individual dummies for each housing unit $i$. The model may also include a pre-/post-intervention indicator to identify the before and after periods. That indicator is, technically, a time fixed effect. Using difference-in-differences  even after the cluster level randomization is advantageous in the sense that it allows you to distribute all potential sources of bias more evenly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Why do people from many other countries try to come to America—even in some cases, risking their lives to do so? What is the source of this nation's greatness?
I think the single biggest thing that makes this country so great is that our founding document—the Declaration of Independence (upon which the Constitution is predicated)—says that our rights come from God. What God has given us, no man can take away.
But long before 1776, if you look at the original charters and founding documents of America, we see over and over the mention of God and the Christian faith.
The Supreme Court marshaled a very rich argument, documenting in detail our nation's rich Judeo-Christian heritage. I assembled an appendix of The Book That Made America: How the Bible Formed Our Nation built primarily on that Trinity decision. The facts are on our side.
Since the Pilgrims cast a long and positive shadow over so much of the future founding of the nation (even Thanksgiving is derived from them), you could say America began "in the name of God. Amen." The Biblical concept of covenant gave rise to our two key founding documents, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.
The founders wanted religion to be voluntary, not forced, but they wanted it to flourish. Freedom of religion gives freedom to all—including nonbelievers. Freedom from religion leads to state-sanctioned atheism and leads to non-freedom. Even the atheists fared badly in the failed Soviet Union, if they happened to disagree with the atheists in charge. Trotsky is an example.
George Washington said, "Of all the dispositions and habits which lead to political prosperity, religion and morality are indispensable supports." That's from his Farewell Address in 1796. He said that in a nation where 99.8% of the people professed to be Christians.
Several years ago, TIME Magazine, wrote. "Ours is the only country deliberately founded on a good idea. That good idea combines a commitment to man's inalienable rights with the Calvinist belief in an ultimate moral right and sinful man's obligation to do good. These articles of faith, embodied in the Declaration of Independence and in the Constitution, literally govern our lives today" ("Looking to Its Roots," 5/25/87).
So in today's highly secular age, where any mention of God is being actively banished from the public square, we should never forget that God has been a key part of America's greatness.
This Thanksgiving, as we see the need for healing of the American soul and a need for America to return to God, at least we should be grateful for what He has done in our past. People are dying—in some cases, literally—to get into this country, so that perhaps they too can enjoy what we often take for granted every single day: freedom—which is a gift from our Christian forebears.


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Missouri S&T to require face coverings on campus starting July 1
Claudette Riley
Missouri University of Science and Technology recently announced that students, staff and faculty must wear face coverings on campus starting July 1.
The recently announced requirement is designed to slow the spread of COVID-19 on the Rolla campus. It will continue when the fall semester starts Aug. 24.
Dennis Goodman, director of student health and chief medical officer at Missouri S&T, recommended the change.
"The research is showing that airborne transmission of COVID-19 has been responsible for most of the virus' spread," said Goodman, in a news release. "Implementing a combination of strategies including six-foot distancing, face covering, contact tracing and isolating positive cases will be our best approach to suppressing the virus."
Students, faculty and staff will be required to wear face coverings in classrooms, labs, common areas and when social distancing is not possible.
More:Amid COVID-19, Evangel to start fall semester early, end by Thanksgiving
According to the release, the university will ask students to bring 3-5 reusable cloth face coverings with them to campus. Each department is also expected to have extra masks available for students who show up to class without one.
Missouri S&T health officials plan to educate students on how to property wash them.
Faculty will also wear face shields, provided by the university, in classrooms so hearing-impaired students can see their faces as they speak.
The university will also require visitors to wear face coverings on campus.
Claudette Riley is the education reporter for the News-Leader. Email news tips to criley@news-leader.com and consider supporting vital local journalism by subscribing. Learn more by visiting News-Leader.com/subscribe.


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Trying to be the perfect parent leads to stress
By Liz Lockhart
Feeling that you must be the perfect mum or dad can cause so much stress that it can backfire and lead to the undermining of parenting skills.
A new study shows that, for the parents of newborn babies, the adjustment to their new role is made more difficult if they believe that society expects them to be 'perfect' parents.
When new parents worry about what other people think about their parenting skills it causes stress which affects mothers and fathers differently. Mums tend to have less confidence in their parenting abilities whilst dads feel more stress. When the pressure to be better parents was self-imposed this proved to be somewhat better for parents especially for fathers, according to the study results.
The lead author, Megan Lee, said that the findings are some of the first to show how the quest for perfectionism affects new parents.
'Trying to be perfect parents is a mixed bag. If you think you have to be perfect because of outside pressure, it really hurts adjustment. If you put these demands on yourself, it may have some benefits early on, but it is not universally good,' said Lee.
The study was conducted by Megan Lee of Ohio State and her colleagues Dr. Sarah Schoppe-Sullivan and Dr. Claire Kamp Dush of the Department of Education and Human Ecology. The results can be found online in the journal Personality and Individual Differences.
The study is part of a long-term larger study called 'New Parents Project' which focused on studying dual-earning couples as they adjust to becoming parents for the first time.
In this part of the study, the investigators examined 182 couples who became parents between 2008 and 2010. Both spouses completed a questionnaire during the final trimester of the woman's pregnancy. This measured their levels of feelings of pressure which arose from their perceptions of social expectations and of their own self-imposed parenting perfectionism.
Schoppe-Sullivan said that societal-oriented perfectionism is explained as being concerned about what other people think about your parenting. This was assessed by asking people how much they agreed with statements such as 'Most people always expect me to always be an excellent parent.
Self-oriented perfectionism was assessed with statements such as 'I must always be a successful parent'.
The same couples answered questions about their adjustment to their new roles three months after the birth of their baby. The parents' perfectionist tendencies were associated with how well they adjusted, the results showed.
The mums who had higher levels of societal-oriented perfectionism also had lower levels of confidence in their ability to perform their maternal tasks, Schoppe-Sullivan said. However, for dads, this type of perfectionism lead to higher levels of parenting stress.
Self-oriented perfectionism, for mothers, was linked to higher levels of parenting satisfaction and had no effect on their self-efficacy or stress. For fathers it was related to better adjustment in the areas of higher satisfaction, lower stress and higher parental self-efficacy.
Schoppe-Sullivan said 'If you think you have to be perfect because of outside pressure, it really hurts adjustment. If you put these demands on yourself, it may have some benefits early on, but it is not universally good.'
Conscientiousness and neuroticism were found to be two personality factors which were linked to parental adjustment. These characteristics were measured and statistically controlled. Because of this, the researchers are more confident that parental adjustment is related to perfectionism and not to other factors.
The researchers say that the data from the study cannot explain why fathers were more likely than mothers to gain benefit from the self-imposed perfectionism. One explanation may be that these dads were highly involved in parenting, and having these high standards proved to be motivational.
Another reason, according to Schoppe-Sullivan, may also be related to the fact that fathers still don't carry the same burden for childcare that mothers do in our society.
'Some fathers may have these very high standards for themselves, but it may not be as hard for them to meet those standards as it is for the mothers. Fathers, generally, aren't expected to have as much responsibility for taking care of their children,' she said.
This study examined parents just three months after the birth of their child, so it is possible that the role of perfectionism may change over time, Lee noted.
'What's going to happen to adjustment when these mums and dads start having problems and failures, as all new parents inevitably do? It may be that self-oriented perfectionism will no longer be a good thing in the face of these failures. We just don't know yet,' Lee concluded.
Source: Ohio State University
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Politics | Southcentral | Southeast | State Government
Alaska Democrats seek chance for independents to run in party primaries
August 29, 2017 by Andrew Kitchenman, Alaska Public Media & KTOO
Voting booth at the Bethel City Hall. (Photo by Adrian Wagner)
https://media.ktoo.org/2017/08/28democratsNPR1.mp3
The Alaska Democratic Party voted last year to change its rules to allow independents to run for its nomination for office. But state officials blocked the move.
Now both sides are in court over the issue.
The proposed change would allow the party to support a candidate without having the word "Democratic" appear on the ballot by the candidate's name.
Alaska Democratic Party Executive Director Jay Parmley said there have been multiple times when local Democrats endorsed independents when there were no Democratic candidates.
"We believe that there are certain circumstances where there are candidates who would like the Democratic Party's support, but they would like to remain as an independent," he said. "They are progressive."
Two examples are independent state representatives Jason Grenn of Anchorage and Daniel Ortiz of Ketchikan. Independent Margaret Stock expressed an interest in seeking the Democratic nomination last year for U.S. Senate.
Alaska has nearly four times as many voters registered as nonpartisan (84,472) or undeclared (190,374) combined as it does Democrats (76,208).
State law currently requires that candidates for political parties' nominations be registered members of the parties. State officials cited the law in blocking the change to Democratic Party rules.
If the Democrats are successful in court, it would open up the possibility that independent Gov. Bill Walker could run in the Democratic primary. Parmley said that the governor's race is not why the party made the change.
"It could impact the governor's race, but that's not our intention," he said. "Our support of the governor, or possible support of the governor, could still take many different twists and turns. But this is just one avenue that may be available."
Walker said Aug. 21 that he and Lt. Gov. Byron Mallott plan to bypass the primary as independents.
Walker didn't have to run against a Democrat in 2014 because Mallott joined his ticket after winning the Democratic nomination for governor.
"As we know, sometimes things change during an election process," Walker said. "We certainly saw that last time. We typically don't say never to anything, quite honestly. But this is the path that we have chosen."
In court, the Democrats argue that a state law that controls who can run for a party nomination is unconstitutional, because political parties have the right to choose with whom they associate.
Alaska Assistant Attorney General Libby Bakalar serves as the co-counsel for the state. She said there are multiple reasons why the state government opposes the Democrats' making the change.
Bakalar pointed out that there aren't any current independent candidates who have said they plan to run for Democratic nominations.
In other words, the state argues no one has legal standing.
Lawyers for the state have argued that the state has an interest in who is eligible to run for political parties' nominations.
The state provides certain benefits to political party candidates, such as automatically giving nominees' access to the ballot.
Bakalar said it's the state's job to stand up for the law.
"What we have a problem with is that the Democratic Party's rule is now clashing with a state statute," she said.
One group on the sidelines that's watching the court battle with interest is the Alaska Republican Party.
Party Chairman Tuckerman Babcock said the Democrats want to run as independents to win Republican-leaning areas.
"Everywhere else in the country, Democrats are proud to run as Democrats and not saying, 'Oh how can we slip one by the voters and pretend to be an independent when we know we're really Democrats?'" Babcock said.
Superior Court Judge Philip Pallenberg will hear oral arguments in the case Sept. 21 in Juneau.
Andrew Kitchenman
State Government Reporter, Alaska Public Media & KTOO
State government plays an outsized role in the life of Alaskans. As the state continues to go through the painful process of deciding what its priorities are, I bring Alaskans to the scene of a government in transition.


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Cnemaspis scalpensis est une espèce de geckos de la famille des Gekkonidae.

Répartition
Cette espèce est endémique du Sri Lanka.

Description
Cnemaspis scalpensis mesure de 30 à , queue non comprise.

Publication originale
 Ferguson, 1877 : Reptile fauna of Ceylon. Letter on a collection sent to the Colombo Museum, Herbert, Ceylon

Liens externes

Notes et références

Saurien (nom scientifique)
Gekkonidae
Faune endémique du Sri Lanka


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Elevated Fishing: How to Catch High-Mountain Trout
Christopher Bancroft May 17, 2021
Summer is around the corner, and the last memory of winter will be the ice melting off lakes high in the mountains. When the water is finally exposed, anglers can return to these high places from our inferior dwellings to hunt for gorgeous, delicious alpine trout.
For the last five years I've scoured numerous mountain ranges across the West looking for fishy spots. The treeless and craggy regions of the Western United States claim some of the most productive trout fisheries in the world. However, fishing this high above sea level means an angler must alter their tactics. Here are some of the lessons I've learned to make sure a 20-mile hike into bear country isn't for naught.
Nature of the Beast Before we talk about how to do it, it's important to understand what it is we're talking about. The phrase "high-mountain trout" can be applied very broadly across the left half of North America to a number of different species and situations. First of all, most of the fish way, way up in the mountains were originally stocked, but not all. Golden trout, for example, are native only to the high lakes of the Sierra Nevada in Northern California. Anywhere else they exist now, they got there on by truck, backpack, horse, or airplane. That's right, after World War II, bomber planes and pilots were repurposed to fill America's high elevation lakes with trout and occasionally beavers.
There are also places in the Northern Rockies where cutthroat trout are native to high elevation waterways but, by and large, anytime you find fish way up in the mountains, someone put them there. Some state game agencies restock certain lakes every year, while others have allowed introduced populations to reproduce in the wild and spread unassisted for decades. Most states and provinces publish exhaustive lists of lakes and stocking regimes on their websites.
The most common fishes in alpine lakes and streams are cutthroat, golden, rainbow, and brook trout, as well as arctic grayling. Each of these species have their own quirks, but the best methods for pursuing them are similar.
How to Catch High-Mountain Trout It seems that alpine lakes and the fish within them fall into one of two categories: very difficult or incredibly easy. Fishing pressure certainly is a factor, but availability of food also plays a role. Regardless of the reason, sometimes it just doesn't matter what you're using because the fish are so hungry they're willing to eat anything. Other times it's not so simple, and you'll need to cycle through flies, lures, and techniques to key in on what the fish want.
Typically, small dry flies, nymphs, and streamers are the best plays for fly anglers. Many folks will start with Elk Hair Caddis or Parachute Adams. If that doesn't get any takers, you can switch to a small Wooly Bugger or Zonker in black, olive, tan, or white. As a last resort, a small Pheasant Tail, Prince Nymph, or chironomid crawled slowly on a hand-twist retrieve may entice even the most recalcitrant trout.
For the spin angler, small Panther Martin or Roostertail spinners and Little Cleo or Kastmaster spoons should do the trick for aggressive fish. For pickier trout, anglers with conventional gear may fish success using natural bait or flies behind a casting bubble.
Be Stealthy High elevation lakes are often clear and calm, making it easier for fish to spot commotion from above. Keep in mind that these trout are apt to die via avian air assault during the exposed summer months. They've seen a few of their buddies picked off by ospreys and eagles and are especially distrustful of rapid movements. Consider wearing a camo shirt and don't feel dorky crouching while casting. Don't trudge right into the water; first assess the situation from a safe distance and even cast right to the shoreline before you expose yourself.
A heavy spinner or thick fly line slapping the water is like tripping the warning alarm. A soft and calculated approach will keep any sunbathing trout from spooking. Spot-and-stalk techniques can be productive but will become frustrating after watching dozens of fleeing fish. My preferred method for high elevation fishing is stolen from the saltwater playbook. Position yourself on the edge of the lake with your fly or lure in hand and enough line peeled off the reel to make some distance. Patiently wait for a cruising trout and cast ahead of the fish's path. Using this patient tactic instead of the reactive spot and stalk will decrease the chance of spooking a fish.
When all else fails, resort to blind casting nymphs and streamers. Twitching or stripping nymphs produces great results in deep or murky lakes.
Don't Dismiss Small Creeks Snowmelt often flows into alpine lakes through teeny-tiny creeks while the overflow is drained by a similarly small waterway. Anglers seem to run right for the lakeshore when mountain fishing, leaping over prime spots. Logically, this approach makes sense because depth offers more cover for trout, but these miniature tributaries tend to be trout gold mines. I can't tell you how many times I have thrown a fly into an area that seemed inhospitable, only to hook up on the first cast. That choppy, moving water provides auditory and visual camouflage, as well as higher oxygen content. The water around the inflow and outflow of any alpine lake should be very high on your target list.
Explore the Water Column Right when the ice begins melting off the fringes of high-altitude lakes, the fish will be very shallow and often aggressive. This often continues through their spring spawning cycle. Later in the summer, however, those same fish may seek colder and deeper water in the middle of the lake. It's good practice to be able to pursue those fish wherever they may be hiding.
Fish what's in front of you first, but if you're not seeing rises or fish moving across the shallows, add more weight. I like to find a rocky point above deep water in these scenarios, add splitshot to whatever fly or spinner I'm tossing, cast way out, and let the rig sink. Sometimes you'll find them as deep as 40 feet down. Larger terminal tackle may come into play here because you're searching and trying to call fish in from some distance.
How to Cook High-Mountain Trout As we mentioned, most alpine trout were originally stocked there. That's not a license to kill every 6-incher that attacks your fly, but an acknowledgment that game agencies went to great effort to provide fish for people to eat. And there's few things finer than the flavor of cold-water fish after a long, steep hike to their realm. Keep whatever the law and your stomach will allow.
Trout flesh doesn't keep well even with a freezer or refrigerator handy. It's best to eat a fish soon after harvesting it. If the catching is good, release trout until you're ready to go have dinner. Bleed the fish, gut it, wash it in the lake, then build a fire.
There are three primary ways to cook trout in a camping situation: caveman style, wrapped in tinfoil, or pan-fried. Caveman is what we call spit-roasting over flames. Drive a sharpened stick through the fish's mouth, through the gutted belly, and stab it into the flesh at the back of the ribcage. Brace the fish against the spit using several smaller sticks and roast near, but not in, the flames until the skin is crispy.
Another popular way to cook trout while camping is to wrap it in aluminum foil with butter or olive oil and some seasonings then place the package in the coals. It's harder to tell when the fish is done but it will cook more evenly.
Another alternative is to fillet the fish and cook it skin-down in a frying pan over a fire or a portable stove. This is a handy trick if there are fire restrictions in effect. Pan-fry the fillets with butter or olive oil and some salt and pepper until the meat will flake off cleanly with a fork. You want it cooked through but not dried out.
On the Conservation Soapbox Alpine ecosystems are fragile. The growing season is limited at high altitudes, meaning it can take decades for trees, plants, and lichens to mature. Pummeling foliage to get to a honey hole or chopping down small trees for a firewood isn't worth the damage to the environment. With a surge of outdoor enthusiast experiencing the Mountain West due to international Covid travel restrictions, these already-sensitive ecosystems are looking down the barrel of a gun. Be considerate about your waste, try to avoid trampling the land, pack out your trash, and bury your fires.
Kalon O Blackout Spinning Reel
At home both in open water and in the frozen tundra, 13 Fishing Kalon O Spinning Reels are performance-proven and tested by the most rugged and rowdy anglers we know.
YETI Hopper M30 Soft Cooler
Whether you're into suds, brewskis, seltzers, or vino, if it comes in a can or bottle and is best served cold, the Hopper M30 is the ticket.
Fish Sticker
What do you fish for? The finicky worm nibblers or the baddest, most aggressive fish in the water? For those who favor the latter, we got you covered.
Mermaid's Trident Zesty Seafood Blend
A bright citrus-based blend that is balanced with earthy notes of smokey chardonnay and mild heat to round it out. This unique combination is incredibly versatile, perfectly pairs with your latest catch, fresh garden veggies, or atop roasted potatoes.
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