Fish feed extruder, a high-temperature short-time bio-reactor, can transform a variety of raw ingredients into pellets for production of healthy wholesome fish feed. It is one of the prominent developments in fish farming, which contributes to the huge step forward in aquaculture. Fish feed extruder is designed and fabricated generally including a hopper, barrel which houses the screw conveyor, the cutting knife, the die and etc.. Power supply to the machine is often the electric motor. Fish feed extruder is increasingly popular in fish farmers and there are various extruders with slightly different designs for fish feed production in the market. Here let's understand various of fish feed extruder designs.
Depending on the number of screw in the extruder barrel, fish feed extruder can be divided into single screw extruder and twin-screw extruder, which are both widely applied in aquafeed production.
1. Single-screw extruder: as its name implies, single screw extruder contains only one screw and is featured with simple structure. Single-screw extruder is applied in aquafeed production for over 40 years, it is easy to operate and minimal training required for the operators and the operation performance is relative stable and reliable. Generally single screw extruder is utilized for making feed pellets for small and medium scale.
2. Twin-screw extruder: Twin-screw extruder is with two screws of equal length placed inside the same barrel, which develops on the basis of single screw extrusion machine. More complicated than single screw extruder, twin-screw extruder is marked by its wide adaptability, flexibility, better control and etc.. Compared with single-screw extruder, twin-screw extruder is relatively expensive due to the high primary investment and operation and maintenance costs. Operators need to be very careful when assembling a new configuration. Thereby twin screw extruder is often used to produce value-added feed pellets in the high demanding aquaculture.
All in all, single screw extruders are more practical to operate than twin-screw extruders, while twin screw extruders are more advanced and more extensive use of performance than single screw extruders. To opt the suitable one depends on the production requirement.
Single-screw design has two types of fish feed extruders: dry type fish feed extruder and wet type fish feed extruder. The big difference between the "dry" and the "wet" extruder is: a dry extruder does not require an external source of heat or steam for injection or jacket heating that required by wet feed extruder.
1. Dry extruder is the single screw extruder with screw segments and steamlocks on the shaft to increase shear and creating heat. In dry extursion process, all the heat produced is generated by the friction and mechanical energy. So dry fish feed machine requires relatively low capital investment and can be designed to fit all sizes and types of installation. Less training is required for workers' operation. It's suitable for processing low moisture and high fat feed material.
2. Wet type extruder is the more complicated machine compared with dry extruder. It is featured with precision metering systems for steam or water injection into either the conditioner and/or the extruder barrel. Preconditioning is a very vital step in wet extrusion process for chemical or physical reactions to take place. Compared with dry extruder, we type fish feed machine has a higher capital investment but lower operation cost. Wet type extruder has larger capacity and is capable of producing superior final feed products, so it is suitable for large scale and high demanding feed production.
Dry type single screw fish feed extruder does not need the steam boiler, so it is cheaper and easier compared with wet extruder. Due to practical and economical merits, dry type extruder is favored by farmers in the market. Here is detailed design analysis of dry type fish feed extruder.
The main frame of dry extruder mainly includes the feeding system, extrusion system and main electric power motor.
There are three parts in feeding system: feed hopper, feed screw and feed mixer.
♦ Feed hopper: it is the part in which feed materials prepared before extrusion stage.
♦ Feed screw: the screw is fixed in the bottom of the feed hopper to transmit materials form feed system to extrusion unit.
♦ Feed mixer: it is working inside the middle of feed hopper to evenly mix and turn the materials.
2. Extrusion system: it is responsible for compressing and cooking materials before going into the forming zone.
♦ Extruder screw: the screw is positioned inside the barrel. Both of screw and barrel are made of alloy steel. Through thermal treatment, they are featured with good wear resisting and long service life.
The general extrusion process involves a high temperature over a short time. Temperature higher than 100℃ is needed in order to achieve expansion of the feed as it leaves the die. The high temperature in dry extrusion is acquired through dissipation of mechanical energy from heated surfaces such as barrel and screw surface, or generated by shear forces between wall and material and screw and material. Moreover, high temperature and high pressure process can kill the salmonellosis and bacterial infections and also makes the pellets easily to digest.
♦ Die hole entry: the entry is of conical shape to help materials to easily flow inside the effective holes.
♦ Die: it provides restriction to product flow causing the extruder develop the required pressure and shear. Different molds can be chosen to make pellets with different diameters and shapes.
♦ Cutter knife: internationally advanced cutting technology.
It consists of sharp blades. It rotates in a circular motion on die surface, which is used to cut the final products into small parts. The final pellet length can be controlled by changing knife speed.
3. Electric power system: main motor, feeder motor and cutter motor.


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Learn to Code iOS Apps 2: Strings, Arrays, Objects and Classes
Working with Strings
C-Strings vs. NSString
Working with Classes and Objects
Working with Instance Variables and Methods
Working with Sets of Objects
Working with Arrays
Home Archive Tutorials
Part 2 of a series where you'll learn to code iOS apps using Apple's development tools. For complete beginners – no prior programming experience needed!
By Mike Jaoudi Jul 19 2013 · Article (30 mins) · Beginner
Other, Other, Other
Learn to Code an iPhone App
Welcome to Part 2 of the Learn to Code iOS Apps series! This series introduces you to the basics of programming with the goal of creating an iOS app; no prior programming experience is required.
In the first tutorial in the series, you learned the basics of programming in Objective-C. Specifically:
In Part 1, you learned the basics of Objective-C programming and you created a simple command line number guessing game.
In Part 2 (You are Here!), you will learn about objects and classes in Objective-C and you will create a simple app to track people's names and ages.
In Part 3, the real fun begins! Now that you know the basics of programming, you will take all that you've learned and create a simple iPhone game of your own.
In Part 4, you will take this app and make it beautiful, learning more about customizing the look and feel of iPhone apps.
This part builds on the basic concepts that were covered in Part 1. If you haven't worked through Part 1 yet and are new to programming or Objective-C, it's highly recommended that you do so.
In this part you will learn about strings, arrays, classes, and objects in Objective-C. You will create will a Mac OS X app that keeps track of a list of people's names and ages in order to learn these concepts.
These are fundamental building blocks that you will use in Part 3 of this series when you begin your iOS adventures in earnest and create your very first iPhone app!
This time you're going to create a completely new project. You'll choose a OS X command line app so you can continue to focus on the basics. Don't worry – you'll make an app with a user interface next time!
Start by launching Xcode and creating a new project by navigating to File\New\Project….
In the left column under OS X click on Application, select Command Line Tool, and click Next, as shown in the screenshot below:
Fill in the project options as follows:
Product Name: PeopleDatabase
Organization Name: This can be left blank.
Company Identifier: Enter com.yourname
Type: Foundation
Use Automatic Reference Counting: Check this box
When you have finished filling out the information, the dialog should look similar to the one pictured below:
Just as in the previous project, you will add all your code inside the @autoreleasepool block of main.m — right where the comment says insert code here.
Objective-C is known as an object-oriented language. But what is an object?
You've worked with variables containing primitive data types, such as int, which holds an integer value. And that's it. Primitive types don't do anything beyond storing a single value.
However, objects extend this model by allowing multiple properties or values. For example, a button object might have a size, a color, and a label. Objects can also perform actions; for example, an image object could resize itself or draw itself on the screen.
Generally the type of an object is not referred to as a type, but rather a class. For example, consider the two following lines of code:
int age = 40;
NSString *name = @"Mike";
In plain language, you would describe age as being "a variable of type int". However, you would describe name as being "an object of class NSString", or alternately as "an instance of class NSString".
Note: Notice that there is a star (*) before the variable name this time. Whenever you create new objects, you always have to put a star when declaring the variable names. You can think of this as meaning "pointer to", so you can say "name is a pointer to an NSString."
Now that you understand the terminology, the best way to understand objects and classes is to dive right in and start using them.
A string is used to store text; it can be a single letter, a word, phrase, or even an entire book's worth of text!
Look at the NSLog included in main.m:
NSLog(@"Hello World");
In this line of code, @"Hello World!" is a string.
In Part 1 of this series, you printed out the value of an int variable using NSLog. You can also print out strings in the same manner.
Replace the NSLog(@"Hello World"); line with the following two lines of code:
NSString *helloString = @"Hello Variable!";
NSLog(@"%@", helloString);
The first line declares a helloString variable which holds an object of class NSString, which is the basic string class in Objective-C. (Don't worry about the * character for now; just remember that when you declare an object variable, you need to prefix the variable's name with an *.)
The second line is the now-familiar NSLog statement. But this time, instead of using %i as the format specifier, you use %@ to specify that you wish to print out a string.
Run your app; the output should say 'Hello Variable!'.
Note: Why does everything in Objective-C seem to be prefixed with "NS"? When Steve Jobs left Apple in the mid-1980s he started a company called NeXT. NeXT created the Objective-C language along with an operating system called NeXTSTEP.
Objects in Objective-C were prefixed with "NS" — short for NeXTSTEP. When Apple bought NeXT in 1996, they developed OSX and iOS on top of the existing NeXTSTEP frameworks — and almost 20 years later, we're all still using class names from the NeXT era.
String objects can store more than simple static content. Find the two following lines of code:
…and replace them with the following code:
int x = 10;
NSString *myString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"The variable x stores the number %i", x];
NSLog(@"%@", myString);
Take a look at each line of code separately. The first line is pretty straightforward; it assigns a value of 10 to the int variable x.
The second line is a bit more involved. In Objective-C, you tell an object to perform an action by sending it a message. The square brackets indicate that a message will be sent to the receiving object. Inside the square brackets, the message receiver NSString is stated first, followed by the stringWithFormat:message.
The NSString class will receive the message and then see if it knows what stringWithFormat: means. Luckily, the programmers at Apple have included the stringWithFormat: method in NSString. stringWithFormat: simply creates a new string from a format string and some parameters.
A method is a task or operation that you want to execute; it's a block of code stored somewhere else that you can execute to perform a specific task. Note the colon at the end of the method name stringWithFormat:; everything following the colon is considered an argument to the method call.
Most object-oriented programming languages use the terminology "calling a method on an object" rather than "sending a message to an object". Many Objective-C programmers use this terminology as well. Unless you want to get really picky, you can consider "calling methods" and "sending messages" to be the same thing.
Finally, the third line simply outputs the formatted myString object to the console.
Run your project, and verify that the output reads as follows:
The variable x stores the number 10
In Part 1, you read in the user's input using scanf. Sadly, you can't use scanf to read in a string, as scanf doesn't work on objects. It works only on primitive datatypes such as:
Technically a string is made up of a sequence of individual characters. So to accept string input, you can read in the sequence of characters and convert it to a string.
Add the following code directly below the line NSLog(@"%@", myString);:
NSLog(@"Please enter a word.");
char cstring[40];
scanf("%s",cstring);
NSString *inputString = [NSString stringWithCString:cstring encoding:1];
NSLog(@"You entered the word '%@'", inputString);
Here's an explanation of the above code, comment by comment:
You declare a variable called cstring to hold 40 characters.
You then tell scanf to expect a list of characters by using the %s format specifier.
Finally, you create an NSString object from the list of characters that were read in.
Run your project; if you enter a word and hit Enter, the program should print out the same word you typed. Just make sure the word is less than 40 characters; if you enter more, you might cause the program to crash — you are welcome to test that out yourself! :]
You might be wondering why you had to convert the contents of cstring to an NSString. A simple list of characters is known as a "C string". In the C language, which is the predecessor to Objective-C, the only way to store characters is by sticking them in a list. It's efficient — but a little unwieldy when you want to manipulate that string data.
NSString also stores a C string, but also provides a host of methods that allow you to do things such as get the string's length and compare it to other strings.
Find the following line in your code:
…and change it to read as follows:
NSLog(@"You entered the word '%@' and it is %li characters long", inputString, [inputString length]);
Because inputString is an object, it can receive messages such as length, which causes it to report back the length of the string.
Run your app and enter a word. Your console session should look something like the following:
Please enter a word.
You entered the word 'objects' and it is 7 characters long
Declaring an object like NSString is significantly different from declaring a simple primitive variable type. Here is how inputString is declared:
NSString *inputString simply creates an NSString object named inputString. The asterisk (*) that precedes the name of the object turns the variable into a pointer. A pointer just stores the memory location of the object — not the object itself. When declaring objects, they are always declared as pointers using the asterisk notation.
Note: Declaring an object pointer does not automatically create the object, which is different from primitive type variables. If you look at the code example above, everything to the right of the equals sign is what creates the object. If you don't actually create the object that the pointer references, the pointer will literally point to nothing.
Why are pointers necessary? Objects can take up a lot of memory; it's more efficient and convenient to pass around the memory address to where the object is stored. Otherwise you would be making huge in-memory copies of the object for everyone to use.
The need for pointers when working with objects goes a little deeper, but for now just remember that you always refer to objects through pointers.
Your next task will be to create a simple database that keeps track of names and ages by using objects and custom classes.
To start, clear out everything in the @autoreleasepool code block. The code in main.m should look like the following:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
@autoreleasepool {
Think for a moment about how you will store each person's record. It needs to contain their first name, their last name, and their age. Three pieces of data, all stored together — it sounds like a great use for an object, doesn't it?
But there's no predefined "Person" class in Objective-C. However, you can create your very own custom objects by defining a new class. A class is essentially a blueprint to say how an object should look and behave.
First, you'll need to create a new file to hold your new class. In Xcode, navigate to File\New\File…, as shown below:
In the left column under OS X, select Cocoa. Then select Objective-C Class and click Next.
Set the class name to Person and the Subclass to NSObject. Click the Next button and then click Create, as illustrated below:
In the file navigator on the left, you should see two new files: Person.h and Person.m.
Person.h is a rather small file. Open it; it will look like the following:
@interface Person : NSObject
All files with the .h file extension are called header files. A header file tells the rest of the program about the elements in your class, such as variables and methods. The various portions of the header file are explained as below.
This is an import statement, which you've seen before. It simply imports the basic Foundation class which your app requires.
The above line informs the rest of the program that you are making a class called Person. The colon indicates that you are creating a subclass and the NSObject part indicates the class you are subclassing from. NSObject is a basic Objective-C class which can be used to represent an object. It has a few methods and properties which can prove useful in many different scenarios.
But you might be wondering what subclassing is. Subclassing is a way to derive a new class based on an existing class. The new class inherits all the existing attributes of the superclass (that's the name given to the original class) but it can also define new attributes.
The last line indicates that you are done defining the class. Everything between the @interface line and the @end line describes what is contained in the class.
Your Person class needs to store three different things: the first name and last name will be strings, and the age will be an integer. Modify the @interface block as shown below:
@interface Person : NSObject {
NSString *firstName;
NSString *lastName;
int age;
The curly braces surround the instance variables of the object. Each Person object in your app has their own distinct set of data; they definitely don't share names and ages! Instance variables store the individual characteristics of each object. Class variables, on the other hand, are shared amongst all objects of a particular class.
That takes care of storing a person's data. Now what methods should your Person class have? At a minimum, you'll need to set and retrieve the person's information.
Add these lines right above the @end line:
- (void)enterInfo;
- (void)printInfo;
This defines the methods that your class provides to set the person's data — enterInfo — and to print the person's data — printInfo. You don't need to flesh out the methods here in the header file; you just need to declare that they exist.
What does (void) mean before each of these method declarations? Recall that int main states that the return value of main is of type int. (void) indicates that these methods don't return anything to the caller.
That does it for the header file. Now open Person.m. The file should look like this:
#import "Person.h"
@implementation Person
This is the implementation file where the source code for your class lives. Looking at the file line-by-line, you will see the following:
This imports the class declarations from your header file, in exactly the same way that you imported the Foundation classes in the header file.
This indicates the start of the implementation block that contains the meat of your class.
This simply indicates the end of the @implementation block.
That implementation file looks pretty empty. Time to add some code! Add the following code after the @implementation line:
- (void)enterInfo {
NSLog(@"What is the first name?");
scanf("%s", cstring);
firstName = [NSString stringWithCString:cstring encoding:1];
// more code for the other fields to come later...
- (void)printInfo {
NSLog(@"First name: %@", firstName);
The two methods above should look pretty familiar. enterInfo will prompt the user to enter a first name and then store it in the firstName instance variable. printInfo uses the familiar NSLog call to print out the stored first name.
This is a good time to test your class by calling it from the main function. Open main.m and add the following line to the top of the file, immediately underneath the #import line::
By importing Person.h, you've told main about the existence of your new Person class.
Now add the following code just after the @autoreleasepool line:
Person *newPerson = [[Person alloc] init];
[newPerson enterInfo];
[newPerson printInfo];
The first line in the code above creates a new Person object. You'll see the alloc / init combination a lot in Objective-C; alloc allocates memory for the object, while init creates and initializes the object that will live at that memory address.
The next two lines send messages that call your new methods. The program will first ask the user to enter a first name and then print it back out to the console.
Run your project, and when prompted, enter a first name. Your console output should look similar to the following:
What is the first name?
Hey, it looks like your object is working as designed! Now you just need to flesh out the rest of the implementation.
Open Person.m, and add the following lines below the comment // more code for the other fields to come later...:
NSLog(@"What is %@'s last name?",firstName);
lastName = [NSString stringWithCString:cstring encoding:1];
NSLog(@"How old is %@ %@?", firstName, lastName);
scanf("%i", &age);
The code above prompts for the person's last name and age and stores the data in the matching instance variables.
Finally, replace the printInfo method's NSLog line with the following:
NSLog(@"%@ %@ is %i years old", firstName, lastName, age);
Run your project, and enter some data when prompted. Your output should look similar to the following:
What is Jane's last name?
How old is Jane Smith?
Jane Smith is 23 years old
The Person object is doing exactly what you would expect. However, the app only stores information for one person. That's not too useful; you need to allow the user to enter information for as many people as they would like.
Think back to Part 1 — how did you solve this problem in your Higher and Lower game? Ah — you can use a looping structure to repeat the same bits of code until the user is done.
Replace the code in the @autoreleasepool block in main.m with the following:
char response;
NSLog(@"Do you want to enter another name? (y/n)");
scanf("\n%c", &response);
} while(response == 'y');
With this new code, in addition to asking for the name and age data, the program will now prompt the user to indicate if they are done. response can holds either a 'y' or 'n', depending on the user's response.
You may have noticed that this while loop looks a little different than the one you used in Part 1. That's because this is known as a do-while loop. The only difference here is that the looping condition is checked at the end of the loop, instead of at the beginning. This means that the code inside the loop will always execute at least once, regardless of the state of the looping condition.
Take a close look at the scanf statement in the above code. There's a strange "\n" in there. What does that mean?
\n stands for "newline", or the character that is printed when you hit the Enter key. It's not a visible character, but scanf will still pick it up when it parses the user's input. So \n%c is a special format specifier that tells scanf to read in a character discarding newlines and other whitespace characters such as a space or tab.
The looping condition at the end of the block checks if response is equal to the character 'y'; if so, it loops back around. Note that the while condition has a semicolon after it; this is the only type of loop that requires a semicolon.
Run your project, and enter a few names and ages. As long as you keep typing "y", the program will let you add another person. However, none of the names are being stored. Each time you go through the loop, a new Person object is created and the previous one is lost.
How do you go about storing multiple Person objects to retrieve later? You don't want variables called person1, person2, person3, and so on — you have no idea how many you'll need. Instead, you need to store them in some kind of list. To do that, you'll use an array.
Arrays are a way of storing a bunch of objects in a list. There are two types of arrays in Objective-C: NSArray and NSMutableArray. NSArray is a basic static array; once you have created the array, you can't add or remove items from it. This type of array is immutable, or unchangeable, much like many objects in Objective-C.
Conversely, NSMutableArray lets you add and remove items at any time. Since you will be adding an indeterminate number of people to the array over time, an NSMutableArray is a good choice in this situation.
Find the line that declares the response variable in main.m and add the following line directly below it:
NSMutableArray *people = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
The above line allocates and initializes a new NSMutableArray object called people.
Add the following line of code directly below the [newPerson printInfo]; line:
[people addObject:newPerson];
addObject: is a method of NSMutableArray that lets you add objects to the array. Now, each time you create a new Person object, you don't have to worry about it disappearing — you simply add it to your people array so that it will remain in memory.
The storage mechanism of NSMutableArray is demonstrated by the image below:
That solves the problem of storing the Person objects — but how do you retrieve the objects once they're stored? If you know the specific position, or index of the object in the array, you can reference the object by its index, as follows:
Person *theFirstPerson = people[0]
That code retrieves the first person in the array. Why are you using index "0" instead of "1", you ask? Computers generally start indexing lists at zero, so the first element in the array is at position 0, the second element is at position 1, and so on.
In your app, you will loop through the array and print out all the stored names and ages only when the user has finished entering all of the data. This time you won't use a while or do–while loop — you'll be using a for loop.
Add the following code after the line while (response == 'y');:
NSLog(@"Number of people in the database: %li", [people count]);
for (Person *onePerson in people) {
[onePerson printInfo];
The NSLog line will print out the number of Person objects stored in the array using the count property of NSMutableArray.
The for loop starts at the beginning of the array and executes the code contained in the curly braces for each object found in the array. This is pretty handy, since now you really don't need to know beforehand how many Person objects might be stored in the array.
Finally, the printInfo method of your Person object is used to print out each person's information.
Run your project, and enter some information for a few people. When you are finished, the program will then neatly print out all of the people that you have stored in the array. Here's a sample run of the program:
What is John's last name?
How old is John Appleseed?
John Appleseed is 23 years old
Do you want to enter another name? (y/n)
What is Albert's last name?
How old is Albert Einstein?
Albert Einstein is 76 years old
Number of people in the database: 2
In this short tutorial, you have covered a fair bit of ground, including some rather complicated concepts in Objective-C:
do–while loops
Implementation files
The best way to really understand Objective-C is to play around with your own code! Break it apart, add some more pieces, and put it back together; experimenting (and fixing things that you broke while experimenting) is the best way to learn how to program.
The final project with full source code can be found here.
Check out the next tutorial in the series, where you'll put everything you learned so far to use, and create your first actual iPhone app!
If you have any questions or comments, feel free to raise them in the forums.
Core Concepts Archive
Mike Jaoudi
Mike Jaoudi is a Computer Science major at New York University. For the past couple of years, Mike also worked as an Instructor...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Northcamp will be held on from Thursday, August 30 to September 2, 2018!
NorthCamp is a two-day orientation and community-based program for upper year students living in Schäffer Hall.
The community day consists of a variety of events including ice breaking activities, community hangouts, a day of service, and the Green and Gold hockey game. NorthCamp provides a facilitated opportunity for you to get to know your floor and the greater Schäffer community, which will help in your transition into your new living space before the start of the school year.


Christian communism can be seen as a radical form of Christian socialism. Christian communists may or may not agree with various parts of Marxism. They do not agree with the atheist and antireligious views held by secular Marxists, but do agree with many of the economic and existential aspects of Marxist theory, such as the idea that capitalism exploits the working class by extracting surplus value from the workers in the form of profits and that wage-labor is a tool of human alienation that promotes arbitrary and unjust authority. Christian communism, like Marxism, also holds that capitalism encourages the negative aspects of human nature, supplanting values such as mercy, kindness, justice and compassion in favor of greed, selfishness and blind ambition.
Christian communists also share some of the political goals of Marxists, for example replacing capitalism with socialism, which should in turn be followed by communism at a later point in the future. However, Christian communists sometimes disagree with Marxists (and particularly with Leninists) on the way a socialist or communist society should be organized. In general, Christian communism evolved independently of Marxism, and most Christian communists share the conclusions but not the underlying premises of Marxist communists.
Christian Communists have adapted many of Karl Marx's social and economic ideologies to their system of communism.This includes belief of capitalism exploiting the working class. They do not agree with his atheistic views.
Thomas J. Hagerty was a Catholic priest from New Mexico, USA, and one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Haggerty is credited with authoring the IWW Preamble, assisting in writing the Industrial Union Manifesto and drawing up the first chart of industrial organization. He became a Marxist before his ordination in 1892 and was later influenced by anarcho-syndicalism. Haggerty's formal association with the church ended when he was suspended by his archbishop for urging miners in Colorado to revolt during his tour of mining camps in 1903.
Ernst Bloch (1885–1977) was a German Marxist philosopher and atheist theologian. Although not a Christian himself, he is said to have "bridged the gap" between Christian communism and the Leninist branch of Marxism. One of Bloch's major works, the Principle of Hope, contains such declarations as: "Ubi Lenin, ibi Jerusalem" [Where Lenin is, there is Jerusalem] and "the Bolshevist fulfillment of Communism [is part of] the age-old fight for God."
Diane Drufenbrock was a Franciscan nun and Socialist Party USA member. She was the Vice-Presidential candidate for the Socialist Party USA in the United States presidential election, 1980. She worked as a teacher in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Camilo Torres Restrepo was often considered to be a Christian Communist due to his attempts, as a priest, to reconcile Roman Catholicism with Marxism and the communist revolution. He was a key person for Liberation Theology, which was called Communist by both the Vatican and the US government.
Christian communists hold the Biblical verse Acts 4:32-35 as evidence that the first Christians lived in a communist society. Acts 4:32-35 reads, "All the believers were one in heart and mind. No one claimed that any of their possessions was their own, but they shared everything they had. With great power the apostles continued to testify to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ. And Gods grace was so powerfully at work in them all that there were no needy persons among them. For from time to time those who owned land or houses sold them, brought the money from the sales and put it at the apostles feet, and it was distributed to anyone who had need."  Other biblical evidence of anti-capitalistic belief systems include Matthew 6:24, "No one can serve two masters.Either you will hate the one and love the other or you will be devoted to the one and despise the other.You cannot serve both God and money." Also, "each according to his abilities" has Biblical origins too. Act 11:29 states: "29 Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined to send relief unto the brethren which dwelt in Judaea." And "To each according to his needs" is Biblical, too. Acts 4:35 "to the emissaries to distribute to each according to his need."
Thomas Wharton Collens' Preaching describes biblical sources supporting a common-property society.
The hammer from the hammer and sickle is replaced by a Latin cross.
Christian Communist symbolism is basically the same as its secular cousin, although there have been unofficial symbols which accurately show the connection between Christianity and Communism.
Hammer, Sickle, and Cross – This symbol is the most identified with Christian Communism of all other symbols. It shows a standard Hammer and Sickle with a diagonal bar through the hammer's grip, thus forming a cross shape.
Red Ichthys – This symbol is gaining popularity, though is not as popular as the above symbol. It shows an Ichthys in the middle of a red flag, a symbol commonly used in Communism.
Red Chi-Rho – This symbol is basically identical to the Red Ichthys, however it has a Chi-Rho in a red field, rather than an Ichthys.
A number of Christians, of various political persuasions, object to the use of the word communism in the term "Christian communism" due to that word's association with the governments of nations such as the Soviet Union, Cuba, China, Vietnam, and North Korea, which are not seen as neutral. Many of the policies adopted by the governments of those countries were inarguably un-Christian in character, including official state hostility towards religious institutions. As such, many Christians argue that the title of Christian communalism should be used, rather than Christian communism.
On the other hand, some Christian communists believe that it is necessary to employ the word communism in order to capture the essence of their position on economics. They point out the existence of significant communist opposition to the totalitarian "communist states" of the 20th century (including, for example, Trotskyism), and argue that, if they were to abandon the term communism, it would only serve to further obscure the history of that opposition. Thus, these Christian communists hold that the term 'Christian communism' is accurate and appropriate, as long as it is specified that they belong to the democratic, anti-Stalinist branch of communism.
Contemporary communism, including contemporary Christian communism, owes much to Marxist thought – particularly Marxist economics. Not all communists are in full agreement with Marxism, but it is difficult to find any communists today who do not agree at least with the Marxist critique of capitalism. Marxism, however, includes a complex array of views that cover several different fields of human knowledge, and one may easily distinguish between Marxist philosophy, Marxist sociology and Marxist economics. Marxist sociology and Marxist economics have no connection to religious issues and make no assertions about such things. Marxist philosophy, on the other hand, is famously atheistic, although some Marxist scholars, both Christian and non-Christian, have insisted that Marxist philosophy and the philosophy of Marx and Engels are significantly different from one another and that this difference needs recognition. Jose Porfirio Miranda, in particular, found Marx and Engels to be consistently opposed to deterministic materialism and broadly sympathetic towards Christianity and towards the text of the Bible, although disbelieving in a supernatural deity. However, Lenin, the leader of the Marxist Russian Revolution did allow Christians in his party.
There is also the question of how a communist society should be actually achieved. While orthodox communists advocate a form of violent revolution, Christian communists almost universally insist on nonviolent means, such as passive resistance or winning elections. Regarding the issue of the nationalization of the means of production, which is seen by some Christians as theft, Christian communists argue that capitalism itself is a form of institutionalized theft in the manner that capitalist owners exploit their workers by not paying them the full value of their labor.
Not all Christian communists seek to achieve large-scale social change, however. Some believe that, rather than attempting to transform the politics and economics of an entire country, Christians should instead establish communism at a local or regional level only.
The Latin American branch of Christian Communist Liberation Theology, according to theologians such as Leonardo Boff; is rooted in the concept that "prudence is the understanding of situations of radical crisis". Among Christian Communists, Historical Materialism is utilised as a methodology of analysis to define the nature of the crisis in question as a product of political-economic dynamics and modalities derived from the workings of what is termed "the late capitalist/imperialist mode of production". According to this subset of Liberation Theology, the challenge for the Christian Communist is then to define what it means (in context of "a concrete analysis of the concrete social reality"), to affirm a "preferential option for the poor and oppressed" as Praxis (active theory), and as commanded by an ethics allegedly "rooted in the beatidic teachings of Jesus". Christian Communist Liberation Theology is not about evangelization per se, but rather about developing an Orthopraxis (ethical action; The condition of coming to the light by doing the works of God), that aims to reconcile the "Beatidic Ethics" of Jesus, as expoused in the Sermon on the Mount; with existing social struggles against what is termed "neo-colonialism" or "Late Capitalism". Both Christian Communism and Liberation Theology stress "orthopraxis" over "orthodoxy". A narrative of the nature of contemporary social struggles is developed via "materialist analysis" utilising historiographic concepts developed by Karl Marx. A concrete example are the Paraguayan Sin Tierra (landless) movement, who engage in direct land seizures and the establishment of socialized agricultural cooperative production in asentamientos. The contemporary Paraguayan Sin Tierra operate in a very similar manner as that of the reformation era Diggers. For Camilo Torres (the founder of the Colombian guerrilla group E.L.N.), developing this Orthopraxis meant celebrating the Catholic Eucharist only among those engaged in armed struggle against the army of the Colombian state, while fighting alongside them.
↑ "Acts204:32-35 NIV - - Bible Gateway". www.biblegateway.com. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
↑ "Matthew 63A24 NIV - - Bible Gateway". www.biblegateway.com. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
↑ "Jesús, un hombre de equilibrio, fantasía cradora y originalidad##Leonardo Boff, teólogo". Redes Cristianas. 2009-06-20. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ Praxis. "The Praxis Group". Marxists.org. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ Archived March 6, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
↑ "MCP (Movimiento Campesino Paraguayo)". Okaraygua-paraguai.org. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ Sutherland, Donald R. "The Religion of Gerrard Winstanley and Digger Communism". Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ "Rexroth". Diggers. 2011-11-26. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ "Bienvenido/a a nuestra página Web – Ejército de Liberación Nacional". Eln-voces.com. 2008-05-26. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ "Colombia rebel groups Farc and ELN agree 'to unite'". BBC News. 2009-12-17. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ McDermott, Jeremy (2009-11-05). "Colombia's ELN rebels show new vigour". BBC News. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
↑ "Camilo Torres Restrepo 1929–1966". Filosofia.org. Retrieved 2011-12-29.


High School Musical 3: Senior Year (U) Zac Efron and Vanessa Hudgens return as Troy and Gabriella, embarking on their final year at school. Joined by the rest of the Wildcats, they stage an elaborate spring musical reflecting their experiences, hopes and fears about the future. Also stars Ashley Tisdale, Lucas Grabeel, Corbin Bleu and Monique Coleman. Available from Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.com.
Igor (PG) is an animation starring the voices of John Cusack, Steve Buscemi and John Cleese. Igor is a talented inventor who's determined to prove his worth at the annual Evil Science Fair. With help from his wise-cracking sidekicks Scamper, a grumpy lab rabbit, and the not so brainy Brain, he plans to create the greatest invention the world has ever seen and win first prize. From Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.com.
Fly Me To The Moon (PG) is a 3D animation, telling the exciting tale of a brave young housefly, Nat and his two best friends, Scooter and IQ. Inspired by the heroic stories of his Grandpa the three friends embark on an amazing adventure after sneaking aboard the Apollo 11 spaceship mission to the moon. With the voices of Christopher Lloyd and Buzz Aldrin himself. From Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.com.


Despite the Paris Agreement target of holding global temperature increases 1.5 to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels, high-end climate change (HECC) scenarios going beyond 4 °C are becoming increasingly plausible. HECC may imply increasing climate variability and extremes as well as the triggering of tipping points, posing further difficulties for adaptation. This paper compares the outcomes of four concurrent European case studies (EU, Hungary, Portugal, and Scotland) that explore the individual and institutional conditions, and the information used to underpin adaptation-related decision-making in the context of HECC. The focus is on (i) whether HECC scenarios are used in current adaptation-related decision-making processes; (ii) the role of uncertainty and how climate and non-climate information is used (or not) in these processes; and (iii) the information types (including socio-economic drivers) commonly used and their limitations in relation to HECC scenarios. Decision-makers perceive HECC as having a low probability or distant occurrence and do not routinely account for HECC scenarios within existing climate actions. Decision-makers also perceive non-climate drivers as at least as important, in many cases more important, than climate change alone. Whilst more information about the implications of particular sectoral and cross-sectoral impacts is needed, climate change uncertainty is not a significant barrier to decision-making. Further understanding of individual and institutional challenges brought about by the 'squeeze' between adapting to HECC scenarios or to lower levels of temperature change (as those agreed in Paris) is essential to better contextualise the use of climate change information.


The old atheist-theist divide that has plagued Unitarian Universalism for well over a hundred years now may have a new tool with which to build bridges both within and beyond our congregations – investigations into the paranormal. I know, I know, I can see and hear the humanists and skeptics shaking their heads, clicking away and possibly not even reading the rest. Wait. Don't dismiss this out of hand, for the science, the hard science behind investigating these paranormal phenomenon just so happens to be telling us that something, we don't know what, is probably going on and we're going to need all of human learning, both science and theology, to figure it out and./or to figure out what it means for us.
Steve Volk's recent book Fringe*ology: How I Tried to Explain Away the Unexplainable – And Couldn't examines various area of the paranormal and reports on what we know and what we don't yet know about phenomena such as UFO's, ESP, Lucid, Dreaming, Prayer, Ghosts, and After Death Experiences. The most fascinating take away for me has been how unscientific the scientists, skeptics, and materialists are in defense of, well, their belief in science and reason. In case after case, the people doing the most scientific, controlled studies are supporters of these paranormal happenings. They are also very modest about their findings. When studies for the existence of ESP report statistical anomalies above the rate of chance, no one makes a claim that ESP exists, rather they claim we don't know enough to say what is going on, but something is going on. Brain scans taken while people speak in tongues show that they are not crazy, nor are they hallucinating, or faking, or just making it up. Studies in lucid dreaming find that people can actually be taught to control their dreams. As far as we know, the brain scans don't lie. There even seems to be legitimacy behind some claims of near death experiences. The science doesn't so much prove that such experiences are due to random brain firings, the brain shutting down, or other skeptical explanations. The science seems to show that something is happening, but we can't say for certain what it is.
This rings true to my experience in UU congregations. One of my favorite things about Unitarian Universalism is it a place where people of different spiritual approaches, including atheism and humanism are welcome. Perhaps the thing that has surprised me most is to find that some UU's behave just like any other fundamentalists. Some of us hold to our own worldview, beliefs, and ideas about science and materialism and atheism so strongly as to be intolerant to the point of ridicule of anyone who doesn't share their beliefs.
Unitarian Universalism is a both/and religious tradition. We readily and heartily accept science and what science teaches us about ourselves and the universe, yet at the same time value and respect the spiritual and the mystical aspects of human religiousness that have come down to us through various traditions, especially the Judeo-Christian tradition from which we were born. I am saddened by those who, at Christmas time, Easter time, and other times, denounce religious stories as mere myths, ridicule the practice of prayer, and consider most of religion in general to be a product of our evolution which humanity has outgrown.
Fringe*ology should reinforce for us the importance of being a religious tradition where science and spirituality meet. All of us within Unitarian Universalism, even those among us who are theistic or Christian, practice a humanistic religion. We understand and accept the findings of science, we do not practice or condone magical thinking, and yet we still hold open the possibility that science will discover as yet more remarkable things than we now understand, and maybe there will be things about the human condition and our universe that are and will remain unexplainable – a mystery.
This is the very essence of a liberal religion. Revelation is not sealed. There may always be more to learn and new information may impact our previous understandings and interpretations, both scientific and theological, of ourselves and our universe.
Both materialists and rationalists feel threatened when their worldview is challenged. Our religious role as Unitarian Universalists is to hold that space where we understand revelation is not sealed. Standing in the mystery is our greatest spiritual practice and greatest religious gift. Finding a middle way in the culture war between science and religion is how we assume our role as the religion of our time.
While Richard Dawkins uses the World Trade Center bombings of September 11, 2001 to claim that not only is religious faith wrong and stupid, it is also deadly because it gives people too much confidence in their own righteousness, an actual study of the data of suicide bombings reveals that religion isn't a prime motivation for such acts. Robert A. Pape's book Dying to Win is a report on his study of 384 suicide bombings between 1983 and 2003. Fifty-seven percent of those bombings were perpetrated by self-proclaimed secular groups. Pape's Cutting the Fuse, published in 2010, draws on an even larger database of suicide bombings and confirms his earlier findings that nationalism and foreign occupation are major motivations for suicide bombings, not religion.
I'm not suggesting we stop being champions of evolution or teach The Secret in adult education classes. I do hope that we practice our religion with a true and deep respect for the spiritual practices and traditions that have been our human inheritance and holding both religious and scientific claims to a rigorous standard that keeps us from the realm of magical thinking while at the same time admitting the wonder and pondering the possibilities of what still don't know or understand.
I am encouraged by the growing movement within Unitarian Universalism to recover a language of reverence, and to make our religion, well, more religious. I hope we can move further along this road without getting bogged down so much in arguments over theism and atheism. This feels like so much wasted energy.
Volk's book is a strong argument not for the separation of faith and reason, but for their marriage. The book makes a strong case for seeking a third way, – faith and reason. Volk's reporting is the best scientific case I've yet seen for the reasonableness of mystery and learning to live with it, that the mystery points to something beyond – whether it is to something as of yet beyond our science and understanding or whether it is to something just beyond us entirely, we don't know. And I am good with that. In fact, it is why I am a religious liberal, why I am a Unitarian Universalist, and why I am still a Christian above and beyond the need for the supernatural, and why I hold out hope for not only Unitarian Universalism, but religiously pluralistic humanity.
Steve Volk points to a community, in Texas, of all places, that just might have something to teach us about accepting divergent viewpoints. Dozens of residents of Stephensville, TX reported sighting UFO's on January 8, 2008. What really happened, what did they actually see? Was it of extraterrestrial origin? Was it of earthly origin but misrecognized or unrecognized such as a new type of military air craft? After hearing all the claims of both those who saw something and all the debunkers and skeptics, Volk arrives at the same conclusion the people of Stephensville did: it's still a mystery. And this, Volk says, is Stephensville's great gift to us – an example of how to agree to disagree. "The people of Stephensville seem to have struck up a bargain among themselves, in which the believers go on believing, and the skeptics go on being skeptical. Either way, on Friday night, just the same, they all go watch the Yellow Jackets (the local high school) play football."This is what Unitarian Universalism can offer – we can create a place for people to investigate the mystical that is also a place to be skeptical. Perhaps the greatest thing we can offer is to claim our identity as a religion of agnostics and provide an example for others of how to live in the tension of the known and the unknown, the guardians of both faith and reason, watchdogs against a surety and a fundamentalism of either extreme. For this to happen Unitarian Universalism has embrace or perhaps re-embrace the mystical, the counter part to reason that is the realm of intuition, emotion, the heart, and the soul.
First we must stop arguing with each other, and like the people of Stephensville, go deeply into being the people we say we are – a people who agree to disagree about conclusions while we continue to embrace the questions as more important and journey together into future.
I'm always interested to hear where the scientific community apparently won't engage with specific topics.
I have to disagree with LaBerge's statement though that science is the sociological construct that only makes room for certain ideas. I think rather that science is a way of thinking about the world, or a methodology, and the scientific community is the entity to which LaBerge is referring.
My belief is that the combination of time and scientific progress (in thought and the individual involved) will result in a more broad scientific review of any studies related to the paranormal that are honest and adhere to scientific integrity. It reminds me of the controversy last century about classical physics vs. quantum physics. Particularly Einstein's famous quote, "God doesn't play dice with the world." Even Einstein can be wrong…today physicists have successfully created logic circuits that rely on quantum mechanics, so the dice role and they are somehow predictable. How odd!
Another thought, your post and the accompanying video really reminded me of what Connie Barlow and Michael Dowd are promoting!


Throughout most of Barbara Robbins' 40 years as a Scarborough resident, she has given her time and talents to helping young children in the Mornelle Court community. From teaching preschoolers how to read and enjoy books at the local Early Years Centre, to assisting kids at the East Scarborough Boys & Girls Club after-school program, to serving a healthy lunch to primary school students, this mother, grandmother, and former teaching assistant loves to see children thrive.
These days this busy Celebrate Your Neighbour participant volunteers at the Mornelle Community Hub, a multi-use space provided by the City of Toronto to encourage regular exercise and nutritional – and culturally proud – meal preparation.


The police have embarked on a six-week project to combat anti-social behaviour in Fullwood Gardens, New Stevenston.
Last year public meetings were held as villagers looked for action taken against young people causing trouble around the Quarry Street area.
PC Barry McGuire of Bellshill Police Office is coordinating the initiative.
He said: "Police Scotland have a zero tolerance approach towards antisocial behaviour and disorder which impact on our communities.
Mossend and Holytown councillor Frank McNally added: "There have been issues in and around this area of New Stevenston and Holytown for some time, and they are clearly causing great distress to local people.
"These issues must be tackled head on. I have spoken to Police Scotland and the council's antisocial team.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Home » trivia » Tribute to "Rohit Kumar, IIT KGP" : The Power of Youth
Tribute to "Rohit Kumar, IIT KGP" : The Power of Youth
By Ashish Gourav on Monday, March 23, 2009
In this time of "Lok Sabha General Elections", every political party is trying to sue the youth. Apparently, if you don't see the power of youth, you can't realize it.
Rohit Kumar, an undergraduate student of Electrical Engineering at IIT Kharagpur died due to lack of basic medical facilities and negligence at B.C. Roy Hospital, which is responsible for providing healthcare facilities to IIT-Kharagpur campus residents, but it's more known about its improper treatment and inadequate qualified doctors.
After this what happened was really dramatic and the authorities need to learn a lesson or two from this.
Around 2000 students rushed in after the LAN/ internet was shut down. People gathered outside the Director's bungalow. The media was not allowed as IIT still remains a very secluded and restricted place for media activities.
Director at last announced his resignation on moral grounds and followed it was an "openhouse meeting" at "Toat-the open theatre". The meeting was very inconclusive due to anger of students and "unsatisfactory" opinion of the authorities."Dean of student affairs" announced his resignation after the "Deputy Director" followed the "Director's" path and announced his resignation from his post at B.C. Roy Hospital.
The anger of students was further flamed due to irresponsible comments by "Dean of student affairs", "Deputy Director" and other authorities.
This is utter shameful. I urge the readers not to think that IITians were reckless when they did all the above inevitable acts, they were helpless!!!
Visit Rohit's orkut profile
Another case of Negligence by "BC Roy Hospital, IIT Kharagpur"
Gaurav Tomar, a 5th Year Student of Civil Engineering at IIT Kharagpur who is already placed in the Indian Registrar of Shipping with a handsome salary is in ICU, on dialysis, as the malarial parasite has already affected his kidneys. His case is an addition to the carelessness of this hospital in recent years. BC Roy Hospital was not able to detect a very common disease "Malaria" in 6 days. After this the parents of Gaurav arrived kharagpur and took their son to Meerut. Gaurav was in ICU of Apollo Hospital, Delhi for few days but now he is out of danger. He will be released from the hospital within 10 days.
Read the detailed news from here
Is this the way IITians are treated in their own homeland?
Despite all these shameful events, "Scholars' Avenue"-the IIT Kharagpur students' newspaper is doing a commendable and honest work by reporting each and every detail at their web portal/internet-edition. Read "Scholars' Avenue-Blog" for more details and updates about this news.
http://scholarsavenue.blogspot.com/
1. A peaceful candlelight condolence march was organized by the students in the evening.
2. The exact status on the resignation of the Director yet to be known.
3. Justice Umesh C. Banerjee, Former Chief Justice, Andhra Pradesh High Court and Former Judge, Supreme Court of India has been appointed as one man enquiry committee by the Board of Governors "to enquire into the unfortunate incident that took place at IIT Kharagpur on 22nd March 2009 and to examine whether there was any lapse on the part of B.C. Roy Technology Hospital or not". He will have to submit the report within 30 days.
4. Prof. Souvik Bhattacharya of the Department of Mechanical Engineering has been made the Dean of Student Affairs, while Prof. Gautam Sinha is our new Chairman of B C Roy Technology Hospital.
5. Prof. Damodar Acharya has reportedly been reinstated by the Central Government as the Director of the institute .
This is the power of youth.
Rohit has become immortal in our hearts and may his soul rest in peace forever...
Posted In IIT, lost, trivia | 12 comments
asit dhal said...
India lost a pearl....
oh, I'm immensely touched by ur blog!
It hurts to hear such news :(
May Rohit's soul Rest In Peace!
May Rohit's soul rest in peace.
But, i still didn't understand why he died. And the IIT Authorities are not to be blamed but it is the hospital so can i say that all the dispute of the students with authorities is futile?
And I see may may your soul rest in peace scraps in the guy's scrapbook. Cicero rightly said that people discuss things after their fashion. You cant stop death, And that is why, i think that a black display pic in orkut of all the IITians is also not very useful as a protest.
@asit dhal
a gem, a pearl are only some non-living things, he has lost his valuable life
@Neha
It hurted us a lot too
@ramya
1. IIT are responsible for the maintenance of that hospital and thus its equally true that DEAN, Director are to be blamed!!!!
black display pic in orkut of all the IITians is just a representation of the blackday and nothing much..a silent protest
Indy said...
I am saddened. Hopefully his death will affect changes that will benefit others who come after Rohit. Best wishes.
Indro Mazumder
Menlo Park,CA
LLR Hall 1970 - 1975
yeah,i read about this incident in the papers and was totally horrified! the state of affairs is saddening!
Pyaasa Sajal said...
it has been a very very unfortunate incident...I do hope that the stand taken by KGP students does make a lasting positive difference
Atin Bhattacharya said...
"Tribute to "Rohit Kumar, IIT KGP" : The Power of Youth"
So that was his identity? 'Rohit Kumar, IIT KGP'? Was IIT KGP his caste? Was it really the most important thing in his life?
Whether the rioting by certain IIT students in their campus will indeed prevent others from meeting the same end as Rohit Kumar remains to be seen. What is indisputable is that these rioting students have set a bad precedent and what's more, they have violated the Indian Penal Code and are lucky for not being behind bars.
"Is this the way IITians are treated in their own homeland?"
So the IITians have some intrinsic rights by virtue of being IITians? Why aren't you talking of the deceased person's rights as a human or as a citizen of India? Please stop wallowing in your false sense of entitlement. Being an IITian does not imply that you are more equal than the rest of us.
@ asit dhal: You say that "India lost a pearl". Let me put this in perspective. India lost a pearl when Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated. The nation cried. Rohit Kumar was not a pearl. He will not leave any imprint on India's collective consciousness. Exaggeration often irritates and infuriates people.
thnx for being with us
@Atin Bhattacharya
The scenario was totally different than what you are speculating....even the IIT OFFICIAL PRESS RELEASE says "it was just a strong emotive response."
Its not a question of IITians but its for common people to realize that they have landed in the correct post if they have arrived from "Google search" and nothing special.........
ramya said...
Counter Strike and Time pass at Basic E.C.E LAB
Tribute to "Rohit Kumar, IIT KGP" : The Power of Y...
Free Rapidshare accounts contest and "Advantages o...


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Leprechaun 2 (1994)
*. Not all bad. A step down from Leprechaun, to be sure, but not a complete piece of crap. There are actually a few interesting ideas here.
*. They wanted Jennifer Aniston back, and offered her the princely sum of $25,000, but she was already working on Friends so that ship had sailed. I guess Ken Olandt was busy too, so instead we have Shevonne Durkin as Bridget and Charlie Heath as Cody. They're not A-listers, which means they fit in pretty well here.
*. Warwick Davis did come back, but is he the same leprechaun as in the original movie? He'd said there that he was 600 years old, but here he's celebrating a wedding that apparently occurs only once every thousand years. So while he's a leprechaun he may not be the leprechaun. If that even matters.
*. The plot is just a bit of stupidity about the Leprechaun (I'll capitalize it here, as I don't think he has a name) marrying a girl if she sneezes three times. I don't know if that's real leprechaun lore or if they just made it up. There seems to be a lot of leprechaun lore that's new here. Instead of his weakness being four-leaf clovers he's now undone by iron. But like I say, maybe this is a different leprechaun.
*. I mentioned some interesting ideas. Unfortunately they're left underdeveloped. There's a good kill when the jerky guy thinks he's going to kiss Bridget but instead he's kissing a pair of lawnmowers. Alas, we never actually get to see the big mulch, or even its aftermath. But the concept was neat. There's also what seems to be a convention of little people in a bar on St. Patrick's Day that nothing is done with. Again, it's a good idea but it doesn't pay off. The only thing it leads to is a shoehorned reference to Freaks.
*. Otherwise this is pretty much a dull second chapter, typical of most cheap horror franchises. It was the last of the series to get a theatrical release but still looks like a straight-to-video title. The Leprechaun's home, for example, should have been more of a fun house. Instead it's just a really boring set.
*. Given the Leprechaun's character as a magical trickster it's a shame that after two movies he had yet to crack a single good line (or rhyme), and there'd been almost none of the Nightmare on Elm Street-style surrealism you'd expect. A tiny hand coming out of a phone is the only example here, and that's just stealing straight from Freddy.
*. So, as with the first film, not as bad as it might have been but still failing to live up to the character's potential. As the luck of the Irish would have it though, he'd be given many more kicks at the can.
This entry was posted in 1990s on January 4, 2021 by Alex Good.


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Our after-sales service also includes preventive maintenance in the framework of service contracts.


text:
Q: TypeError: Error #1009: Cannot access a property or method of a null object reference. For A noob So, basically I'm having this problem with hitTesting.With all the AS3 I've done, I've never come across this error.I'm working with drag and drop and essentially you have to drag the trash into the bin.Pretty straight forward.Here is the code that is messing up and is giving me the error:
    if(coin3.hitTestObject(wallet1)) {
coins +=1;
coin3.x -=7000;
}

So this error is really annoying me and I need it fixed, it's destroying my game! I haven't assigned the object to a variable or datatype, just that straight forward.How do I fix this? I don't know what a null is!
Here is the entire code:
import flash.events.Event;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;
var coins:Number = 0;
var maxcoins:Number = 3;
coin2.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, coin2drag);
function coin2drag(e:MouseEvent)
{
    coin2.startDrag();
}
stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, coin2undrag);
function coin2undrag(e:MouseEvent)
{
    coin2.stopDrag();
}

coin3.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, coin3drag);
function coin3drag(e:MouseEvent)
{
    coin3.startDrag();
}
stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, coin3undrag);
function coin3undrag(e:MouseEvent)
{
    coin3.stopDrag();
}
coin4.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, coin4drag);
function coin4drag(e:MouseEvent)
{
    coin4.startDrag();
}
stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, coin3undrag);
function coin4undrag(e:MouseEvent)
{
    coin4.stopDrag();
}

coin2.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, coin2hit);
function coin2hit(e:Event)
{
    if (coin2.hitTestObject(wallet1))
    {
        coins +=  1;
        coin2.x +=  700000;
    }
    if (coins == maxcoins)
    {
        gotoAndStop(54);
    }
}

coin3.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, coin3hit);
function coin3hit(e:Event)
{
    if (coin3.hitTestObject(wallet1))
    {

        coins +=  1;
        coin3.x +=  700000;
    }
};

coin4.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, coin4hit);
function coin4hit(e:Event)
{
    if (coin4.hitTestObject(wallet1))

    {
        coins +=  1;
        coin4.x +=  700000;
    }
};

A: This error means that an object you're trying to access to does not exist.
In this case, it means either coin3, wallet1 or coins variables haven't been properly created (initialized) before you try to use it.
Just make sure that coin3 and wallet1 are the real names of your movieclips and that they actually on the stage, and make sure coins is setted to any value at least once before using it (like coins = 0;);.

A: If you're instantiating your objects strictly with code, make sure you are classing your objects properly, and naming your variables accordingly... ie:
var coin3:Coin = new Coin;

where "coin3" is an instance of the class "Coin"... Depending on what you intend to do with the object, you may need to:
addChild(coin3);
//this may sit inside a function, or directly after the var is created, depending on what you're trying to do

Otherwise, if you're calling objects you've already physically placed on the stage, make sure it has an Instance name of whatever you're calling it. This is set in the properties window pane. Simply titling the MC "coin3" (or whatever) will not do it.
Without seeing more of the code though, it's hard to know what's happening. If the concept of class structure is new, then you should definitely read up on how that works, as it is essential to creating and managing objects properly with object oriented languages like AS3.

A: This might get you started... Read about how Arrays work to better understand how to count and manage objects. This may or may not be ideal for whatever you're actually trying to do, but you can do some pretty nifty things with them... Also you mis-referenced one of your drag functions. I cleaned it up a bit to make it a little easier to manage.
import flash.events.Event;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;

var coins:Array();
//this creates an empty array

var maxcoins:int= 3;

coin2.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, drag);
coin2.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, undrag);
coin3.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, drag);
coin3.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, undrag);
coin4.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, drag);
coin4.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, undrag);

// if only dragging one object at a time, then you can just put all your drags into two     functions

function drag(e:MouseEvent)
{
coin2.startDrag();
coin3.startDrag();
coin4.startDrag();
}

function undrag(e:MouseEvent)
{
coin2.stopDrag();
coin3.stopDrag();
coin4.stopDrag();
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

coin2.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, coin2hit);
function coin2hit(e:Event)
{
if (coin2.hitTestObject(wallet1))
{
    coins.push(coin2);
//this pushes the coin into the Array which will continue count until it is     cleared below ////

coin2.visible=false;
//setting coin2 to not be visible is simpler than moving it away, especially if the object is never being added again on stage.
}

if (coins == maxcoins) // mind you this conditional will ONLY execute if coin2hit() is run.
{
    gotoAndStop(54);

    coins.pop(); //this clears the array ////
}
}

coin3.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, coin3hit);
function coin3hit(e:Event)
{
if (coin3.hitTestObject(wallet1))
{

    coins.push(coin3);
    coin3.visible=false;
}
};

coin4.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, coin4hit);
function coin4hit(e:Event)
{
if (coin4.hitTestObject(wallet1))

{
    coins.push(coin4);
    coin4.visible=false;
}
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Movie Review: Deadpool
directed by Tim Miller
written by Rhett Reese, Paul Wernick
starring: Ryan Reynolds, Morena Baccarin, Ed Skrein, and more.
My review comes after the movie, Deadpool, has been out in theaters for a couple of weeks already because that's just the way I roll. I found it to be a highly entertaining movie. Leading up to its release, I had heard that it had a big marketing campaign, though I hadn't seen it. I saw someone share the billboard with the emojis that spelled "Deadpool" online but that was all that I had been aware of. Though none of that mattered to me as I was planning on seeing the movie once I had heard of its release. These days I tend to avoid most trailers too so as not to spoil the movie for myself, unless I happen across one while watching television or such.
Anyways, the movie is funny. The tone of it is set up very quickly so you can tell if the kind of humor this movie has is something you'd personally enjoy. I liked the credits which came on screen since they were playful and descriptive, rather than the standard informative type of listing names.
The plot does unravel in a standard way with a big action sequence, the back story that leads up to that moment, and then resuming and continuing the action/story. There are also a lot of standard elements with a dark and moody hero who is out for revenge, the love of his life who later gets captured, an evil villain, and a team-up with some more heroes to defeat said villain.
I enjoyed the commentaries from Deadpool, himself. For example, when he introduces his grudge against Francis and is doodling on scrap paper. Or when he comments on the lack of X-Men characters in the movie. I felt like the movie kept the Deadpool character very true to his recent incarnations in the comics. I don't read nor have I ever read a Deadpool comic, but I am familiar with the character as he has been portrayed in other Marvel comic books over the last few years.
I really liked the humor in the movie a lot because many comic book movies try to be grim and dark alone. This sets it apart from them. I also liked how the movie had some serious moments to it as a balance to some of the humor. I liked seeing the progression of the relationship between Deadpool and Vanessa. Through scene cuts that were very raunchy, it showed how comfortable the characters were becoming with each other. Seeing Wade Wilson become the super-powered Deadpool through a long series of various tortures was something to see as well. It was intense. Deadpool had many depressing and fairly psychotic moments but his humor helped him retain some sort of sanity through all the hardships. In the end, he came out all right and got back the girl, even if he didn't get his looks back. It was a great movie. I'd give it 4 out of 5 stars.
-O. Pelaez
Labels: 2016, Deadpool, ed skrein, Marvel Comics, moron baccarin, movie review, paul wernick, rhett reese, ryan reynolds, tim miller
Comics Rant: Silk #6
Comics Rant: Thor #5
Comics Rant: Black Widow #1
Comics Rant: Superman #50


For over 18 years a civil war in Northern Uganda has dragged on almost completely unnoticed by the rest of the world. The rebels of the LRA (Lord's Resistance Army) are waging a bloody guerilla campaign. They abduct children and conscript them as soldiers, forcing them to kill their own people. Lost Children documents the lives of four children, from 8 to 14 years old, who successfully escaped the LRA. They return home to be branded as killers.


Sheffield Resources Limited is a new junior exploration company with a bulk minerals focus. Sheffield provides investors with an exposure to the following commodities: Talc, Heavy Mineral Sands, Iron and Tungsten.
Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) has announced the discovery of four new mineral sands prospects from first-pass aircore drilling at the company's Eneabba Mineral Sands Project in Western Australia.
NYSE Gold Miner McEwen Mining Inc. (NYSE:MUX) announced today that it has fallen below the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") continued listing requirement related to the price of its common stock.
Sheffield Resources (ASX:SFX) today announced the identification of four high order anomalies from the first pass VTEM airborne electromagnetic (EM) survey undertaken at its Red Bull Project.
Asian Activities Report for October 4, 2011 includes: Bulk minerals explorer Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) today announced high grade talc results from drilling at its Moora Talc Belt project in Western Australia; Lochard Energy Group Plc (ASX:LHD) said today that remapping work at the Thunderball prospect on UK North Sea block 14/26b has identified more recoverable resources; Phoenix Gold Limited (ASX:PXG) announced the results of its latest drill programme completed at the Broads Dam Gold Project in Western Australia; NSL Consolidated Ltd (ASX:NSL) said today that construction phase has commenced on its US$2.3 million iron ore beneficiation project in India; GAIL (India) Ltd (BOM:532155) has recently acquired its first shale gas assets in the USA.
Asian Activities Report for September 20, 2011 includes: Naracoota Resources Limited (ASX:NRR) reported exciting high grade gold results from the Horseshoe Range project in Western Australia; Phillips River Mining NL (ASX:PRH) has signed a lead/zinc concentrate off-take agreement for the Phillips River Project located in Western Australia; Alligator Energy (ASX:AGE) announced further progress at the Tin Camp Creek drilling program; Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) today announced results from a 30 hole drilling program at its McCalls heavy mineral sand exploration project in Western Australia; GVK Power and Infrastructure Limited (BOM:532708) has received board approval for the acquisition of coal projects in Queensland.
Asian Activities Report for August 9, 2011 includes: Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) today announced excellent drilling results at its West Mine North heavy mineral sands project in Western Australia; Guildford Coal Limited (ASX:GUF) has completed the US$3.5m acquisition of a new exploration permit in Mongolia; Monax Mining Limited (ASX:MOX) has purchased a tenement and increased its exposure to potential copper mineralisation in South Australia; Axiom Mining Limited (ASX:AVQ) will commence a three phase exploration over two years to evaluate the gold and copper prospectivity in Vietnam; Tata Consultancy Services (BOM:532540) is to partner with Singapore Management University for the establishment of the TCS-SMU iCity Lab.
Asian Activities Report for May 11, 2011 includes: Adavale Resources Limited (ASX:ADD) signed a Joint Venture agreement to explore and mine for coal in Indonesia; Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) reported high grade iron results from Pilbara Iron projects; Scandinavian Resources Limited (ASX:SCR) updated on Kiruna Iron Project in Sweden; Phoenix Gold Limited (ASX:PXG) has completed its second drill program at the Rayjax deposit, part of the Kunanalling Gold Project.
Asian Activities Report for April 5, 2011 includes: Extract Resources Limited (ASX:EXT) (TSE:EXT) has received a two year extension for the Husab Uranium Project in Namibia; Millennium Minerals Limited (ASX:MOY) has signed a joint venture agreement with Galliard Resources Corp.; Sylvania Platinum Limited (ASX:SLP) announced a JORC Inferred Resource estimate for the Northern Limb Resource; Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) has commenced drilling at its Yandanooka heavy mineral sand project in Western Australia.
Australian Market Report of January 17, 2011 includes: Sheffield Resources Limited (ASX:SFX) acquires large mineral sands exploration project; Mutiny Gold Limited (ASX:MYG) upgraded gold resource at the Deflector Deposit; Kula Gold Limited (ASX:KGD) announced high grade drilling results at its 100% owned Woodlark Island Gold Project in Papua New Guinea; Speewah Metals Limited (ASX:SPM) reported exceptional high grade copper and silver assays in Western Australia.


text:
Edward A. Salanga
Partner / National Chair, Litigation & Dispute Resolution Practice Group
edward.salanga@quarles.com
Edward Salanga represents businesses in construction and commercial litigation disputes. As part of his construction practice, Mr. Salanga represents lenders, owners and contractors in contract negotiations, contract performance and payment claims, scheduling and delay claims, construction defect disputes, title insurance claims and mechanics' lien, stop notice and bonding issues. As part of his commercial litigation practice, Mr. Salanga represents direct sales and multi-level marketing companies in state and federal regulatory compliance and securities matters, as well as complex commercial litigation disputes, including class actions. Mr. Salanga also represents manufacturers of consumer water treatment products, plumbing components, heavy earth moving and industrial equipment, and material suppliers in product liability and breach of warranty disputes.
Mr. Salanga is the National Chair of the firm's Litigation & Dispute Resolution Group. He has also led the firm's Real Estate and Construction Litigation Team.
Mr. Salanga's construction experience includes:
Representing one of the nation's largest public power utilities in a breach of warranty dispute involving power plant equipment.
Representing a manufacturer of plumbing component parts in multi-district class action residential construction defect and product liability litigation.
Representing a major residential property developer in disputes against a civil engineering firm, a water company, and homeowners' associations, arising out of various large-scale residential developments in both Phoenix and Tucson, Arizona.
Representing one of the largest contractors in the nation in various construction and contracting-related matters in Arizona, including a multimillion-dollar dispute brought by a school district over a wastewater treatment plant, that resulted in a dismissal of all claims.
Serving as Arizona litigation counsel for the world's leading manufacturer of heavy construction equipment, including second-chairing a breach of warranty trial in Maricopa County Superior Court that resulted in a defense verdict and a full award of attorneys' fees.
Representing lenders in connection with multimillion-dollar deficiency and lender liability claims arising from construction projects around the Valley.
Serving as primary outside counsel in the western region for a national environmental, geotechnical, and civil engineering firm.
Representing electrical, grading, and painting contractors in construction disputes and contract negotiations.
Representing a national owner and manager of senior living communities in construction defect and insurance coverage-related disputes.
Representing developers in construction defect litigation relating to luxury condominiums and condominium conversion projects in Phoenix.
Representing an international insurance broker in various proceedings arising out of the collapse of a casino parking garage that was part of a multimillion-dollar construction project.
Defending a homebuilder in construction defect trials that resulted in defense verdicts.
Mr. Salanga's direct sales and other commercial litigation experience includes:
Obtained early dismissal of Arizona Securities Act claims alleged against directors and officers of a marketing company that published the largest circulating in-flight catalog in the world.
Representing direct sales companies in federal class action "Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act" (RICO) and consumer fraud lawsuits.
Representing a direct sales company in a high-profile FTC enforcement action alleging pyramid scheme and income misrepresentation claims under Section 5 of the FTC Act.
Representing direct sales companies in FTC and state attorneys general investigations, including responding to Civil Investigative Demands.
Representing direct sales companies in claims against distributors, including TRO and preliminary injunction proceedings to prevent distributor raiding, breach of contract claims, and trade secrets claims.
Counseling companies on dispute resolution procedures, including arbitration, mediation and class action waiver policies.
Defending the owner of FCC-issued licenses for broadcast spectrum in a multimillion-dollar broker commission dispute that resulted in a dismissal of the broker's claims after a one-week arbitration.
Representing a prominent Tucson resort in an Arizona Antitrust lawsuit that resulted in summary judgment in our client's favor at the trial court, which was affirmed by the Arizona Court of Appeals.
Real Estate and Construction Litigation
Direct Sales Industry
Financial Institutions Litigation
Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law at Arizona State University (J.D., magna cum laude, 2000)
Arizona State Law Journal
National Environmental Moot Court Team
Order of the Coif
Order of the Barristers
Vanderbilt University (B.S., 1995)
U.S. Court of Appeals, 10th Circuit, 2008
U.S. Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit, 2001
U.S. District Court, District of Arizona, 2000
Supreme Court of Arizona, 2000
As a leader in the ABA Section of Litigation, Mr. Salanga has served as a Co-Chair of the Expert Witness Committee and the Real Estate Litigation Committee, and currently serves as a member of the Section's Content Management Committee
Director and former President, Chandler Industrial Development Authority
Member of the ABA Forum on the Construction Industry
Member of the Arizona State Bar Construction Law Section
Former co-editor of Construct! – the quarterly publication of the ABA Section of Litigation's Construction Committee
Former Director, Northern Arizona Advisory Board of the American Lung Association of the Southwest
Quarles & Brady Diversity Committee
Named a Most Admired Leader by the Phoenix Business Journal (2017)
Listed in The Best Lawyers in America® (2013–present: Litigation - Construction; 2014–present - Commercial Litigation)
2011 Graduate of Leadership Council on Legal Diversity (LCLD) Fellows Program
2005 Top Pro Bono Attorney, Arizona Foundation for Legal Services and Education
Martindale-Hubbell AV® Peer Review Rated


text:
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text:
Memorable Manitobans: Willo Sterritt Forrester (1901-1992)
Farmer, municipal official.
Born on a farm near Emerson on 14 June 1901, son of William Gregg Forrester (c1858-1922) and Jennie Sterritt (1862-1955), he took over the family farm on the death of his father, operating it until the last few years of his life. He was among the first producers of special crops such as sunflowers, sugar beets and triticale in southern Manitoba. He was also one of the first farmers in Manitoba to recognize the potential of the Holstein breed of dairy cow, beginning his herd in 1938 and providing breeding stock for others.
He served on the boards of Co-op Vegetable Oils in Altona, Manitoba Sugar Beet Producers' Association, Post Road School (20 years), Boundary School Division (1966-1973), Emerson Hospital, Altona Hospital, Education Advisory Board of Manitoba, Manitoba Association of School Trustees, Manitoba Federation of Agriculture, and the Board of Governors of the University of Manitoba. He was founding Chairman of the Manitoba Farm Bureau, and a Director of the Canadian Federation of Agriculture. He was a member of the council for the Rural Municipality of Montcalm for 37 years and, in 1969, was a Liberal candidate for Rhineland in the provincial general election. In recognition of his exemplary community service, he was given a Manitoba Good Citizenship Award (1977) and elected to the Manitoba Agricultural Hall of Fame (1987).
On 18 December 1924, he married Marjorie Lovering, with whom he had five children: William Forrester, James Forrester, Jean Forrester, Leslie Forrester, and Ruth Mary Forrester.
He died at Emerson on 26 November 1992 and was buried in the Emerson Cemetery.
Obituary, Winnipeg Free Press, 28 November 1992, page 73.
Burial transcriptions, Manitoba Genealogical Society.
Page revised: 23 May 2018