text:
Patent application title: PROXIMITY SWITCH ASSEMBLY AND METHOD HAVING ADAPTIVE TIME DELAY
Inventors: Pietro Buttolo (Dearborn Heights, MI, US) Pietro Buttolo (Dearborn Heights, MI, US) Stuart C. Salter (White Lake, MI, US) Stuart C. Salter (White Lake, MI, US) Cornel Lewis Gardner (Romulus, MI, US) Cornel Lewis Gardner (Romulus, MI, US) Thomas Lee Goodson (Battle Creek, MI, US) James Stewart Rankin (Novi, MI, US) James Stewart Rankin (Novi, MI, US)
Assignees: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
IPC8 Class: AH03K17945FI
Class name: Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices, circuits, and systems external effect responsive to proximity or touch
A proximity switch assembly and method for detecting activation of the proximity switch assembly is provided. The assembly includes a plurality of proximity switches each providing a sense activation field and control circuitry processing the activation field of each proximity switch to sense activation. The control circuitry monitors the signal responsive to the activation field, determines a rate of change in signal amplitude for each signal, and generates an adaptive time delay based on the control circuitry. The control circuitry further detects a peak amplitude of the signal and determines activation of the switch after expiration of the time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
1. A method for detecting activation of a proximity switch comprising: generating an activation field with a proximity sensor; monitoring a signal responsive to the activation field; generating an adaptive time delay based on a rate of change of the monitored signal; detecting a peak amplitude of the signal; and determining activation of the switch after expiration of the time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the adaptive time delay comprises determining a time period for the signal to increase from a first threshold to a second threshold.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second threshold comprises the peak amplitude.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the adaptive time delay further comprises an additional delay time.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining activation comprises comparing the monitored signal to a threshold and determining activation if the monitored signal exceeds the threshold after the expiration of the time delay.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the proximity switch is installed on a vehicle for use by a passenger in the vehicle.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the proximity switch comprises a capacitive switch comprising one or more capacitive sensors.
8. A method for detecting activation of a proximity switch comprising: generating activation fields with a plurality of proximity sensors associated with a plurality of proximity switches; monitoring a signal responsive to each of the activation fields; determining a rate of change in signal amplitude for each signal; generating an adaptive time delay based on the rate of change; detecting a peak amplitude of the signal; and determining activation of one of the proximity switches after expiration of the time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining activation of one of the proximity switches comprises comparing the monitored signal to a threshold signal and determining activation if the monitored signal exceeds the threshold after the expiration of the time delay.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of generating the adaptive time comprises determining a time period for the signal to increase from a first threshold to a second threshold.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the second threshold comprises the peak amplitude.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the adaptive time delay further comprises an additional delay time.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the proximity switch is installed on a vehicle for use by a passenger in the vehicle.
14. The method of claim 8, wherein the proximity switch comprises a capacitive switch comprising one or more capacitive sensors.
15. A proximity switch assembly comprising: a plurality of proximity switches each providing a sense activation field; and control circuitry processing the activation field of each proximity switch to sense activation, said control circuitry monitoring a signal responsive to the activation field, generating a rate of change in signal amplitude, detecting a peak amplitude of the signal, and determining activation of a switch after expiration of the adaptive time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
16. The switch assembly of claim 15, wherein the adaptive time delay is generated by a time period for the signal to increase from a first threshold to a second threshold.
17. The switch assembly of claim 16, wherein the second threshold comprises the peak amplitude.
18. The switch assembly of claim 15, wherein the step of determining activation of the switch comprises comparing the monitored signal to a threshold and determining activation if the monitored signal exceeds the threshold after the expiration of the time delay.
19. The switch assembly of claim 15, wherein the plurality of proximity switches are installed in a vehicle for use by a passengers of the vehicle.
20. The switch assembly of claim 15, wherein the plurality of proximity switches comprise a plurality of capacitive switches each comprising one or more capacitive sensors.
[0001] The present invention generally relates to switches, and more particularly relates to proximity switches having an adaptive determination of switch activation.
[0002] Automotive vehicles are typically equipped with various user actuatable switches, such as switches for operating devices including powered windows, headlights, windshield wipers, moonroofs or sunroofs, interior lighting, radio and infotainment devices, and various other devices. Generally, these types of switches need to be actuated by a user in order to activate or deactivate a device or perform some type of control function. Proximity switches, such as capacitive switches, employ one or more proximity sensors to generate a sense activation field and sense changes to the activation field indicative of user actuation of the switch, typically caused by a user's finger in close proximity or contact with the sensor. Capacitive switches are typically configured to detect user actuation of the switch based on comparison of the sense activation field to a threshold.
[0003] Switch assemblies often employ a plurality of capacitive switches in close proximity to one another and generally require that a user select a single desired capacitive switch to perform the intended operation. In some applications, such as use in an automobile, the driver of the vehicle has limited ability to view the switches due to driver distraction. In such applications, it is desirable to allow the user to explore the switch assembly for a specific button while avoiding a premature determination of switch activation. Thus, it is desirable to discriminate whether the user intends to activate a switch, or is simply exploring for a specific switch button while focusing on a higher priority task, such as driving, or has no intent to activate a switch. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide for a proximity switch arrangement which enhances the use of proximity switches by a person, such as a driver in a vehicle.
[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting activation of a proximity switch is provided. The method includes the steps of generating an activation field with a proximity sensor and monitoring a signal responsive to the activation field. The method also includes the step of generating an adaptive time delay based on a rate of change of the monitored signal. The method further includes the steps of detecting a peak amplitude of the signal and determining activation of the switch after expiration of the time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
[0005] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting activation of a proximity switch is provided. The method includes the steps of generating activation fields with a plurality of proximity sensors associated with a plurality of proximity switches and monitoring a signal responsive to each of the activation fields. The method also includes the steps of determining a rate of change in signal amplitude for each signal and generating an adaptive time delay based on the rate of change. The method further includes the steps of detecting a peak amplitude of the signal and determining activation of one of the proximity switches after expiration of the time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
[0006] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a proximity switch assembly is provided. The proximity switch assembly includes a plurality of proximity switches each providing a sense activation field. The proximity switch also includes control circuitry processing the activation field of each proximity switch to sense activation. The control circuitry monitors a signal responsive to the activation field, generates a rate of change in signal amplitude, detects a peak amplitude of the signal, and determines activation of a switch after expiration of the adaptive time delay following the peak amplitude detection.
[0007] These and other aspects, objects, and features of the present invention will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art upon studying the following specification, claims, and appended drawings.
[0008] In the drawings:
[0009] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a passenger compartment of an automotive vehicle having an overhead console employing a proximity switch assembly, according to one embodiment;
[0010] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the overhead console and proximity switch assembly shown in FIG. 1;
[0011] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken through line III-III in FIG. 2 showing an array of proximity switches in relation to a user's finger;
[0012] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensor employed in each of the capacitive switches shown in FIG. 3;
[0013] FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the signal count for three channels associated with the capacitive sensors illustrating in FIG. 3 as a user slides a finger across the switch assembly;
[0014] FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating the proximity switch assembly, according to one embodiment; and
[0015] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a routine for providing an adaptive-time delay for determining activation of the proximity switches, according to one embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention that may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to a detailed design; some schematics may be exaggerated or minimized to show function overview. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention.
[0017] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the interior of an automotive vehicle 10 is generally illustrated having a passenger compartment and a switch assembly 20 employing a plurality of proximity switches 22 having an adaptive time determination, according to one embodiment. The vehicle 10 generally includes an overhead console 12 assembled to the headliner on the underside of the roof or ceiling at the top of the vehicle passenger compartment, generally above the front passenger seating area. The switch assembly 20 has a plurality of proximity switches 22 arranged close to one another in the overhead console 12, according to one embodiment. The various proximity switches 22 may control any of a number of vehicle devices and functions, such as controlling movement of a sunroof or moonroof 16, controlling movement of a moonroof shade 18, controlling activation of one or more lighting devices such as interior map/reading and dome lights 30, and various other devices and functions. However, it should be appreciated that the proximity switches 22 may be located elsewhere on the vehicle 10, such as in the dash panel, on other consoles such as a center console, integrated into a touch screen display 14 for a radio or infotainment system such as a navigation and/or audio display, or located elsewhere onboard the vehicle 10 according to various vehicle applications.
[0018] The proximity switches 22 are shown and described herein as capacitive switches, according to one embodiment. Each proximity switch 22 includes at least one proximity sensor that provides a sense activation field to sense contact or close proximity (e.g., within one millimeter) of a user in relation to the one or more proximity sensors, such as a swiping motion by a user's finger. Thus, the sense activation field of each proximity switch 22 is a capacitive field in the exemplary embodiment and the user's finger has electrical conductivity and dielectric properties that cause a change or disturbance in the sense activation field as should be evident to those skilled in the art. However, it should also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that additional or alternative types of proximity sensors can be used, such as, but not limited to, inductive sensors, optical sensors, temperatures sensors, resistive sensors, the like, or a combination thereof. Exemplary proximity sensors are described in the Apr. 9, 2009, ATMEL® Touch Sensors Design Guide, 10620 D-AT42-04/09, the entire reference hereby being incorporated herein by reference.
[0019] The proximity switches 22 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 each provide control of a vehicle component or device or provide a designated control function. One or more of the proximity switches 22 may be dedicated to controlling movement of a sunroof or moonroof 16 so as to cause the moonroof 16 to move in an open or closed direction, tilt the moonroof, or stop movement of the moonroof based upon a control algorithm. One or more other proximity switches 22 may be dedicated to controlling movement of a moonroof shade 18 between open and closed positions. Each of the moonroof 16 and shade 18 may be actuated by an electric motor in response to actuation of the corresponding proximity switch 22. Other proximity switches 22 may be dedicated to controlling other devices, such as turning an interior map/reading light 30 on, turning an interior map/reading light 30 off, turning a dome lamp on or off, unlocking a trunk, opening a rear hatch, or defeating a door light switch. Additional controls via the proximity switches 22 may include actuating door power windows up and down. Various other vehicle controls may be controlled by way of the proximity switches 22 described herein.
[0020] Referring to FIG. 3, a portion of the proximity switch assembly 20 is illustrated having an array of three serially arranged proximity switches 22 in close relation to one another in relation to a user's finger 34 during use of the switch assembly 20. Each proximity switch 22 includes one or more proximity sensors 24 for generating a sense activation field. According to one embodiment, each of the proximity sensors 24 may be formed by printing conductive ink onto the top surface of the polymeric overhead console 12. One example of a printed ink proximity sensor 24 is shown in FIG. 4 generally having a drive electrode 26 and a receive electrode 28 each having interdigitated fingers for generating a capacitive field 32. It should be appreciated that each of the proximity sensors 24 may be otherwise formed such as by assembling a preformed conductive circuit trace onto a substrate according to other embodiments. The drive electrode 26 receives square wave drive pulses applied at voltage VI. The receive electrode 28 has an output for generating an output voltage VO. It should be appreciated that the electrodes 26 and 28 may be arranged in various other configurations for generating the capacitive field as the activation field 32.
[0021] In the embodiment shown and described herein, the drive electrode 26 of each proximity sensor 24 is applied with voltage input VI as square wave pulses having a charge pulse cycle sufficient to charge the receive electrode 28 to a desired voltage. The receive electrode 28 thereby serve as a measurement electrode. In the embodiment shown, adjacent sense activation fields 32 generated by adjacent proximity switches 22 overlap slightly, however, overlap may not exist according to other embodiments. When a user or operator, such as the user's finger 34, enters an activation field 32, the proximity switch assembly 20 detects the disturbance caused by the finger 34 to the activation field 32 and determines whether the disturbance is sufficient to activate the corresponding proximity switch 22. The disturbance of the activation field is detected by processing the charge pulse signal associated with the corresponding signal channel. When the user's finger 34 contacts two activation fields 32, the proximity switch assembly 20 detects the disturbance of both contacted activation fields 32 via separate signal channels. Each proximity switch 22 has its own dedicated signal channel generating charge pulse counts which is processed as discussed herein.
[0022] Referring to FIG. 5, the change in sensor charge pulse counts shown as Δ Sensor Count for a plurality of signal channels associated with a plurality of proximity switches 22, such as the three switches 22 shown in FIG. 3 is illustrated, according to one example. The change in sensor charge pulse count is the difference between an initialized referenced count value without any finger or other object present and the corresponding sensor reading. In this example, the user's finger enters the activation fields 32 associated with each of three proximity switches 22, generally one sense activation field at a time with overlap between adjacent activation fields 32 as the user moves across the array of switches. Channel 1 is the change in sensor charge pulse count associated with a first capacitive sensor 24, channel 2 is the change in sensor charge pulse count associated with the next adjacent capacitive sensor 24, and channel 3 is the change in sensor charge pulse count associated with the third capacitive sensor 24. In the disclosed embodiment, the proximity sensors 24 are capacitive sensors. When a user's finger is in contact or close proximity of a sensor 24, the finger alters the capacitance measured at the corresponding sensor 24. The capacitance is in parallel to the untouched sensor pad parasitic capacitance, and as such, measures as an offset. The user or operator induced capacitance is proportional to the user's finger or other body part dielectric constant, the surface exposed to the capacitive pad, and is inversely proportional to the distance of the user's limb to the switch button. According to one embodiment, each sensor is excited with a train of voltage pulses via pulse width modulation (PWM) electronics until the sensor is charged up to a set voltage potential. Such an acquisition method charges the receive electrode 28 to a known voltage potential. The cycle is repeated until the voltage across the measurement capacitor reaches a predetermined voltage. Placing a user's finger on the touch surface of the switch 24 introduces external capacitance that increases the amount of charge transferred each cycle, thereby reducing the total number of cycles required for the measurement capacitance to reach the predetermined voltage. The user's finger causes the change in sensor charge pulse count to increase since this value is based on the initialized reference count minus the sensor reading.
[0023] The proximity switch assembly 20 is able to recognize the user's hand motion when in close proximity to the proximity switches 24, to discriminate whether the intent of the user is to activate a switch 24, explore for a specific switch button while focusing on higher priority tasks, such as driving, or is the result of a task such as adjusting the rearview mirror that has nothing to do with actuation of a proximity switch 24. The proximity switch assembly 20 may operate in an exploration or hunting mode which enables the user to explore the keypads or buttons by passing a finger in close proximity to the switches without triggering an activation of a switch until the user's intent is determined. The proximity switch assembly 20 advantageously generates an adaptive time delay based on a rate of change of the monitored signal and determines activation of the proximity switch after expiration of the time delay following detection of a peak signal amplitude. The adaptive time delay may vary such that as the operator moves the finger fast, activation decisions are determined quickly, whereas if the operator moves the finger slower, the determination of activation slows down. As a result, exploration of the proximity switch assembly 20 is allowed with reduced inadvertent switch activations.
[0024] As the user's finger 34 approaches a switch 24, the finger 34 enters the activation field 32 associated with the switch 24 which causes disruption to the capacitance thereby resulting in a sensor count increase as shown in FIG. 5. For the signal on channel 1, the sensor count increases as the capacitance disturbance increases until a peak value at point 38 is detected. As the sensor count rises for signal channel 1, the signal reaches a first active threshold at point 36. The proximity switch assembly 20 determines an adaptive time period AT for the signal to increase from the first or active threshold CA at point 36 to the second or peak threshold at point 38 shown represented as ΔT. The adaptive time ΔT is then used as a time delay for determining activation of the proximity switch following the peak amplitude detection. Accordingly, when a peak amplitude is detected at point 38, the timer times down to zero so as to expire before making a decision as to whether or not an activation of the proximity switch has been detected. If the signal drops below the count threshold CT prior to the adaptive time delay expiring, no switch activation is detected. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the signal on channel 1 drops below the count threshold CT prior to the adaptive time ΔT expiring following the peak point 38. Thus, no activation of the first proximity switch is determined.
[0025] The signal at channel 2 associated with the next adjacent switch is shown rising up to a threshold greater than the signal of the first channel. The second signal channel is shown rising to a peak value at point 38. In doing so, an adaptive time delay ΔT is generated from the time that the signal on the second channel rises from the first or active threshold CA at point 36 to the second or peak threshold at point 38. The adaptive time delay ΔT for the second channel is then used as an expiration time following detection of the peak signal at point 38.
[0026] In this example, the second signal decreases from its peak at point 38 down below the count threshold CT and thereafter the signal on the third channel associated with the next adjacent proximity switch rises up and becomes the maximum amplitude signal. An adaptive time delay ΔT is generated for the third channel from the point in time in which the third channel signal rises from the first or active threshold CA at point 36 to the second or peak threshold at point 38. The adaptive time period ΔT is allowed to expire before determining whether the third signal channel has an amplitude that exceeds the count threshold CT which occurs at point 50. Since the adaptive time period ΔT has expired and the third signal channel exceeds the count threshold CT, a determination as to activation of the third switch is made at point 50.
[0027] The proximity switch assembly 20 allows a user to explore the switch keypads by delaying the decision to activate a switch based on the adaptive time ΔT. The proximity switch assembly 20 determines activation of a switch when the count signal for the highest signal channel exceeds the count threshold CT after expiration of adaptive time ΔT following the peak signal detection. As shown, the adaptive time period ΔT changes based on the rising slope of the signal of the corresponding proximity switch. Accordingly, as a user moves the finger faster, the activation decisions are increased, and as the user moves the finger slower, the activation decisions are slowed down due to the adaptive time delay.
[0028] To make a determination of a clean switch activation, there should be only one triggering event. To improve robustness, hysteresis may be provided in the determination of the peak signal. For a count reading at the peak signal to be recognized as the peak amplitude, the signal must be lower than the peak minus the level of electrical noise for a set amount of time, such as 100 milliseconds. This waiting period may be subtracted from the adaptive time delay ΔT if a more responsive system is desired. If, on the other hand, an enhanced robustness is desired, an additional delay can be added to the adaptive time ΔT. The added time delay may depend upon the distance between sensors and may be for 100 milliseconds according to one example to provide added noise reduction.
[0029] Referring to FIG. 6, the proximity switch assembly 20 is illustrated according to one embodiment. A plurality of proximity sensors 24 are shown providing inputs to a controller 40, such as a microcontroller. The controller 40 may include control circuitry, such as a microprocessor 42 and memory 48. The control circuitry may include sense control circuitry processing the activation field of each sensor 22 to sense user activation of the corresponding switch by comparing the activation field to a threshold pursuant to the adaptive time determination routine. It should be appreciated that other analog and/or digital control circuitry may be employed to process the activation field, determine user activation, and initiate an action. The controller 40 may employ a QMatrix acquisition method available by ATMEL®, according to one embodiment. The ATMEL acquisition method employs a WINDOWS® host C/C++ compiler and debugger WinAVR to simplify development and testing the utility Hawkeye that allows monitoring in real-time the internal state of critical variables in the software as well as collecting logs of data for post-processing.
[0030] The controller 40 provides an output signal to one or more devices that are configured to perform dedicated actions responsive to correct activation of a proximity switch. For example, the one or more devices may include a moonroof 16 having a motor to move the moonroof panel between open and closed and tilt positions, a moonroof shade 18 that moves between open and closed positions, and lighting devices 30 that may be turned on and off. Other devices may be controlled such as a radio for performing on and off functions, volume control, scanning, and other types of devices for performing other dedicated functions. One of the proximity switches 22 may be dedicated to actuating the moonroof closed, another proximity switch 22 may be dedicated to actuating the moonroof open, and a further switch 22 may be dedicated to actuating the moonroof to a tilt position, all of which would cause a motor to move the moonroof to a desired position. The moonroof shade 18 may be opened in response to one proximity switch 22 and may be closed responsive to another proximity switch 22.
[0031] The controller 40 is further shown having an analog to digital (A/D) comparator 44 coupled to the microprocessor 42. The A/D comparator 44 receives the voltage output VO from each of the proximity switches 22, converts the analog signal to a digital signal, and provides the digital signal to the microprocessor 42. Additionally, controller 40 includes a pulse counter 46 coupled to the microprocessor 42. The pulse counter 46 counts the charge signal pulses that are applied to each drive electrode of each proximity sensor, performs a count of the pulses needed to charge the capacitor until the voltage output VO reaches a predetermined voltage, and provides the count to the microprocessor 42. The pulse count is indicative of the change in capacitance of the corresponding capacitive sensor. The controller 40 is further shown communicating with a pulse width modulated drive buffer 60. The controller 40 provides a pulse width modulated signal to the pulse width modulated drive buffer 60 to generate a square wave pulse train VI which is applied to each drive electrode of each proximity sensor. The controller 40 processes a control routine 100 stored in memory to determine the adaptive time period and to make a determination as to activation of one of the proximity switches based upon the adaptive time period.
[0032] Referring to FIG. 7, the adaptive time determination control routine 100 is illustrated according to one embodiment. Routine 100 begins at step 102 and proceeds to step 104 to find the maximum signal channel, a sum channel which is the sum of all signal channels, and the number of active channels greater than a threshold. Next, at decision step 106, routine 100 determines if the switch active is equal to no switch indicative of no active switches and, if not, proceeds to decision step 108 to determine if the maximum channel is less than the active threshold. If the maximum channel is less than the active threshold, routine 100 proceeds to set the switch active equal to no switch at step 110 before proceeding to step 132. If the maximum channel is not less than the active threshold, then routine 100 proceeds to step 132.
[0033] Returning back to decision step 106, if the switch active is not equal to no switch, then routine 100 proceeds to decision step 112 to determine if the maximum channel is greater than the active threshold and, if not, proceeds to step 132. If the maximum channel is greater than the active threshold, routine 100 proceeds to decision step 114 to determine if a new maximum channel exists and, if so, resets the peak reached flag and resets the timer to peak at step 116. Next, at decision step 118, routine 100 determines if the peak reached flag is set equal to true and, if not, proceeds to step 120 to determine if the peak has been reached. If the peak has been reached, routine 100 proceeds to step 122 to set the peak reached flag to true, sets the Delta_time ΔT equal to the time from the active to the peak, and sets a timer equal to Delta_time before proceeding to step 124. If the peak has not been reached, routine 100 proceeds to step 132.
[0034] Returning to step 118, if the peak reached flag is set equal to true, routine 100 proceeds to decision step 124 to determine if the timer has expired and, if not, proceeds to step 126 to update the Delta.sub.'time before proceeding to step 132. If the timer has expired, routine 100 proceeds to decision step 128 to determine if the number of active channels equals one and, if not, proceeds to step 132. If the number of channels equals one, routine 100 proceeds to step 130 to activate the switch and sets the switch active equal to I_max_channel. Thereafter, routine 100 proceeds to step 132 to output the switch active signal before ending at step 134.
[0035] Accordingly, the adaptive time determination routine advantageously determines an adaptive time for determining activation of the proximity switches. The adaptive time advantageously allows for a user to explore the proximity switch pads which can be particularly useful in an automotive application where driver distraction can be avoided. The adaptive time delay provides for a reduced delay when the user's finger moves fast and an increased delay when the finger moves slower across the switch pads.
[0036] It is to be understood that variations and modifications can be made on the aforementioned structure without departing from the concepts of the present invention, and further it is to be understood that such concepts are intended to be covered by the following claims unless these claims by their language expressly state otherwise.
Patent applications by Cornel Lewis Gardner, Romulus, MI US
Patent applications by James Stewart Rankin, Novi, MI US
Patent applications by Pietro Buttolo, Dearborn Heights, MI US
Patent applications by Stuart C. Salter, White Lake, MI US
Patent applications by Thomas Lee Goodson, Battle Creek, MI US
Patent applications by FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
Patent applications in class Responsive to proximity or touch
Patent applications in all subclasses Responsive to proximity or touch
2014-07-03 High frequency switching device, and bias voltage outputting device
2014-07-03 Systems and methods for control of power semiconductor devices
2014-07-03 Energy-efficient time-stampless adaptive nonuniform sampling
2014-07-03 Method and apparatus for single port modulation using a fractional-n modulator
2014-07-03 Paralleling of active filters with independent controls
2017-08-17 Door handle device
2016-04-28 Door handle module for vehicle and apparatus for locking and unlocking vehicle door including the module
2016-04-28 Low power capacitive sensor button
2015-04-09 Method and a switch device for producing an electrical signal in response to mechanical force
2015-03-26 Touch switch module
2021-11-11 Accessories for vehicles with removable doors
2021-07-01 Method of onboard ac power generation for vehicles with combustion engine
2021-06-17 Heated wipers for motor vehicles
2021-06-17 Vehicle storage system
Top Inventors for class "Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices, circuits, and systems"
1 Yantao Ma
2 Feng Lin
3 Ming-Chieh Huang
4 Yong-Ju Kim
5 Chan-Hong Chern


Start with a Profit: Best-Practice Tips for New Entrepreneurs from Top Accounting Industry Leaders is the latest guide to helping new (and existing) business owners become successful.
One dozen thought leaders (from around the globe) along with Sandi provided their answers.
• Alison Ball, Senior Manager of the Global Influencer Program of Intuit.
• Randy Johnston, CEO of Network Management Group, Inc.
• Monika Miles, President of Miles Consulting Group, Inc.
• Clayton Oates, Chief Solutions Officer of QA Business.
"To my knowledge, it's the first collaborative work of thought leaders in the accounting industry," says Sandi Leyva. This is Sandi's 30th book and her first collaboration as editor.
Previous post3 Simple Steps to Dramatically boost the Return On Your Investment attending SleeterCon this year!


Daniel, I. M., Fenner, J. S., Werner, B. T., and Cho, J-M.. Characterization and Modeling of Polymeric Foam Under Multi-Axial Static and Dynamic Loading. United States: N. p., Web. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42028-8_15.
Daniel, I. M., Fenner, J. S., Werner, B. T., & Cho, J-M.. Characterization and Modeling of Polymeric Foam Under Multi-Axial Static and Dynamic Loading. United States. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42028-8_15.
Daniel, I. M., Fenner, J. S., Werner, B. T., and Cho, J-M.. 2016. "Characterization and Modeling of Polymeric Foam Under Multi-Axial Static and Dynamic Loading". United States. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42028-8_15. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1504728.


The line is always super long for this adventure. When we go, I pick up breakfast from the walk-up restaurant across the way and consume mass quantities while waiting. There are lots of trash cans in the line so you have the ability to discard your plates etc. once you have finished eating. It makes the line less boring and you kill two birds with one breakfast sandwich. Yum!
Great ride. Totally worth the wait, with food.
The breakfast (or lunch) idea is a great one!
As a person who is both larger than average and claustrophobic Nemo is not worth the extremely long line only to have a panic attack in the sub. When I was exciting the sub for my "alternate experience" a cast member told me that they have people get off the ride for claustrophobia "all the time" so I'm thinking Disney needs a sign about it at the beginning of the epic line. Now I haven't had the real Nemo sub experience but the alternate experience was in no way worth the hour long line I stood in. So there's my claustrophia insider's perspective on finding Nemo.
I'm glad I'm not the only one who is paranoid about those stairs. I have yet to let Alexei (2.5 yo) walk down them by himself.
He does ok even during the scary parts so far but he is just starting to be more aware of "scary things." Maybe one of these times I need to take him in to see the alternative experience. Does it have the same scary stuff?
We always try to arrive at rope drop and get on this second or third with very little wait so that's my tip.
I'm not sure what the alternate experience is–I think it's just a movie of the same thing we see from the portholes.
yes, that's exactly what it is. In a pretty spacious room with a big tv.
That's so awesome! What a great memory!


Hi everyone Flossie here, I hope you all had a lovely weekend with the sun. Right lets get to it or else we will be talking about the hot sun all day!
My Dad was put in prison by rubbish!!!
My Mum was on a run a couple of days ago and she saw some girls picking up rubbish in the sea which hopefully means that the word I am trying to spread to kids I really getting out there!
I have some very exciting news Flossie And The Beach Cleaners has a logo now designed by my Uncle Phil and my Aunty Lelia so my idea for a logo would have been fish or turtles but instead they did a crab because it has a story behind it so grab some popcorn because I am going to tell you all a story!!!
The sea bins have finally arrived and here is the picture I got of them when they arrived because I really wanted a picture of them I should have been a bit more precise because they sent me a picture of the box's they were in then a couple of days later they showed me another picture of them when they are actually built and it is really cool because very soon they they will be only up the road from me doing their job.
I am so so excited because I have been asked to organise a march for Ireland which is happening all over the world on the same day – June 9th and I am going to try to make it super big and I'm going to try to get lots of celebrities there so that Ireland's march will be as bog as London and Washington and all the other places… but I need as many people as possible to be there so please come and support the fight against plastic on June 9th and join The March 4O! Here is the website so that you can read more about it!
This weeks story is called: The Flaming Seaweed… lets go!
Joshua tried many things to be the next big thing but nothing worked and after a while everyone started to lose hope in Joshua and would say things like 'are you ever going to be a eco-warrior like your father?' soon enough the only person who believed in him was his mother Lelia. Poor Joshua was out of ideas to be the next big thing, and over the years he became more and more frustrated.. his father picked up one bottle whilst Joshua has been creating time machines and stuff like that… and then it hit him … crabs are stupid and he has been trying too hard. So the way he could make the next big thing was by doing something silly. He decided was going to work even harder to think of something silly but as usual he could not impress them. He then decided to give up and carry on with his time machine project, then one day when he was out looking for food in the rock pools…… he walked on some really smoking seaweed!!! he realised he had done it, he had found the next big thing…smoking seaweed, which is so hot it could kill someone!!! All the crabs hailed him a hero for finding something so cool! Then a couple of days later a girl was cleaning the beach and she found the smoking seaweed and also thought it was really cool!!!!
I loved your story. I think it was the best one yet!
I'm so delighted to hear that the bins have arrived. This is a really great achievement.
A big congratulations! Well done.


The blogpost linked in the OP is yet another example of a theist telling atheists what they believe.
Be that as it may, it is true that life has no ultimate meaning. But life has meaning _now_, because we are here living it. Theists seem to be obsessed with the idea of absolutes and ultimates, as if without these things one might as well just give up, because, you know, there's no ultimate point to anything.
Some people collect stamps — why do they do that? It's unlikely they do it because each stamp is worth a brownie point in heaven. More likely they do it because it's interesting, or it enables them to cultivate relationships with other stamp collectors, or maybe a good collection built up over years is worth money, or any number of perfectly valid other reasons, singly or in combination. They don't do it because some scripture says "Thou shalt collect adhesive postage tokens."
There's no ultimate meaning to life, the universe and everything — the purpose of life is life itself.
It's ongoing, so check out the thread itself for more.


Celebrating it's 25th year, the annual sci-fi and fantasy convention, Dragon*Con 2011 kicks off today in downtown Atlanta and runs through Monday, September 5th.
The impressive celebrity guest list includes such Star Trek personalities as William Shatner, Brent Spiner, Kate Mulgrew, Gates McFadden. Wil Wheaton, Robert Duncan McNeill, Nicole de Boer, Nana Visitor and Garrett Wang.
Leonard Nimoy, who had previously been advertised for the event, had to cancel his appearance due to a scheduling conflict.
Single day passes will be available at the door priced at $30, $40 and $50 depending on the day.
For complete schedule and list of guests visit the Dragon*Con website.


text:
A camurça (Rupicapra rupicapra) é um capríneo encontrado nos Alpes e nos Balcãs e também conhecido como Cabra-montesa.
A camurça também é o produto confecionado da pele deste animal uma vez curtida, termo que se generalizou a  qualquer pele de animal curtida.

Variantes
Este capríneo tem duas espécies :
 Rupicapra pyrenaica - que se encontra nos Pirenéus
 Rupicapra rupicapra - que se encontra nos Alpes.

Referências
 WILSON, D. E., REEDER, D. M. eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3ª ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 2.142 pp. 2 vol.
 Antelope Specialist Group 1996. Rupicapra rupicapra. IUCN 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Acessado em 25 de janeiro de 2008.
 Lello Universal — Dicionário enciclopédico Luso-Brasileiro

Caprinos
Mamíferos descritos em 1758

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Engine of the Week
Engine of the Year Contest
Diesel of the Week
Diesel of the Year Contest
America's Best Engine Shops
Engine Builder Magazine
Digital Magazine Subscribe Now
36 Races Headline the 2021 USMTS Schedule
Engine Builder
Phoenix Raceway to Host Limited Fans in March
NTT IndyCar Series 2021 Schedule Announced
Facts About Fasteners
Engine Bearing Supplier Q&A
Brendan Baker
America's Best Engine Shops 2020
Tremec Pro-Fit TKX 5-Speed Systems
Carter Expands Line of Water Pumps
Holley GM LT-4 Mid-Mount Accessory Drive System
Customer Service in a Crisis
HP Academy Teaches EFI Online
Utilizing Instagram
470 cid Twin-Turbo LS Engine
Sonny's 820 cid EFI Marine Engine
Don't Drop That Valve
Methanol Injected 427 Small Block Ford Engine
Sleeved and Turbocharged 6.7L Cummins Engine
Engine of the Week December 2020 Recap
Diesel of the Week December 2020 Recap
Building Stocks and Sprints
To be successful in the performance market, you need to deliver a product or service that a competitor not only needs, but will help make him a winner. To find that product or service, you need to spend time with them to understand the needs of the racers.
Doug Kaufman
Bruce (left) and Steven Hogue at their shop in Akron, IN.
Different tracks work with different sanctioning bodies. Different sanctioning bodies have different engine rules. Different engine rules mean different opportunities to find new ways to beat the other guy to the checkered flag.
After all, winning is the ultimate goal of every racer and whether he or she ever attains that goal is often immaterial. For many grassroots stock and sprint car racers the quest for the checkers is prize in itself.
Since the majority of Engine Builder's readers are involved to some degree with performance work, you understand that winning begets winning. You probablay also already know how important it is to go to the track.
To be successful in the performance market, you need to deliver a product or service that a competitor not only needs, but will help make him a winner. To find that product or service, you need to spend time with them to understand the needs of the racers. Find that need and put racers in the winner's circle and you will have as much work as you can handle. It's really pretty simple: making your customers successful will make you successful. That is as true in motorsports as it is in any other business endeavor.
Kevin Frische preps a race engine at his shop in
Wapokaneta, OH.
Understanding what "successful" means isn't always easy, however. Does it mean building an engine that will win or simply one that will run consistently?
Making your customer successful means that you, or a trusted employee, often needs to spend time at the track with those customers – sometimes it's as a consultant – other times it's as a competitor.
Often, it's just important that you are where they are, helping them when possible. This not only develops a good relationship, it also gives you the opportunity to determine additional needs, as well as find better ways of serving your customer.
We've said it in these pages before – it doesn't matter if every driver at the track uses your products or services; you need to try and work with as many of them as possible, doing your best not to show any favoritism.
Whether this is the "before" picture or the "after," it can be a timesaver or even a reputation-saver to carefully document each engine you work on whenever it comes into or leaves your shop.
Your customer isn't the only one you're working with. Crew, family members and other competitors can be a great target audience. A little success can often lead to more success, until you are eventually seen as the guru for performance engine building.
As winter's freeze begins to thaw in the Midwest, many engine builders are already in full swing in preparation for a racing season that is entirely weather-dependent. And one of the keys to helping racers have success on the track is understanding their needs off the track.
"Everybody's hollering that their stuff isn't done yet and they need it for this weekend, of course," says Bruce Hogue, Hogue Racing Engine in Akron, IN. "Of course, they waited too long to bring it in to us!"
Hogue, one of Engine Builder's finalists in the 2014 Performance Engine Builder of the Year contest sponsored by SpeedPro POWERFORGED Pistons, and his son Steven, discussed the upcoming racing season while attending to customer demands for a wide range of racing powerplants.
"We do a lot of UMP-style modifieds as well as non-wing 410 sprint cars racing in the BOSS Series out of Ohio," says Hogue. "We also do some asphalt Street Stock Cars."
Take pictures of engines as they come in so you know where the oil or water lines go when you're putting it all back together. This can really help show how things should be routed.
"There's different style of racers, obviously – you've got your finessers and you've got your stabbers. So even though we're trying to build a motor pretty well identical for everybody, there are changes that we need to make for them so they can actually hook it up like they want it because of their driving style."
Kevin Frische, from Kalvinator Engines in Wapokoneta, OH, is also lucky enough to work with a variety of customers. "Locally we have three dirt tracks within 45 minutes of the shop so we do engines for the street stock class, UMP modified class and some 360 and 410 sprint car engines."
Frische says the key is making sure customers at each of those levels are able to understand and communicate with you.
"You want to be the type of shop that people want to bring their engine to, even if they have to go out of their way to get there," Frische explains. "Even if they have to drive past three or four other shops to get to yours, it's often more important to be a good communicator, than the absolute finest engine guy."
In other words, you need to be able to figure out what the customer wants even if he's not sure – or able to tell you – what he wants himself.
Laying bolts out and grouping them together saves time when putting them back together. Bruce Hogue says, "This is not only helpful when you have silicone setting to assemble quicker before it dries, but helps to figure out which bolt, washer and nut goes where because not every engine has the same bolt-on part combination and sometimes it's worse than helping your grandmother do her 2000-piece-puzzle."
"There's a lot of opportunity still out there (for racing work)," says Hogue. "It's just finding somebody who is capable of doing it, basically. I mean, you have to have good quality machine work or you're going to be out of luck, but it's more important to be able to relate to their needs."
Hogue and his son Steven put their money (literally) on the line and their reputation on the table each week as they compete alongside some of their customers. "We run locally at Gas City, Montpelier and Plymouth Speedways, which are all pretty close. I think that by actually racing ourselves and doing the engines too, we can relate to what our current and potential customers are trying to tell us."
As with Tom Cruise's "Cole Trickle" character in "Days of Thunder," Hogue says that racers don't always know how to express what they mean when it comes to a racecar setup.
"They may say there's too much torque, they can't hook it up on the bottom, they try to explain their gear ratios and stuff so we can relate to what they're trying to tell us," Hogue says. "So we might have to do a cam change to get them to where they want to be."
Unlike many performance engine builders who suffer with the "Internet experts" who believe they know better about what components should be used for an engine, Hogue says his customers typically don't question his judgment.
"Since I've been in it so many years, usually they don't question what I do," he explains. "They just walk in the door and say, 'I need an UMP modified motor. What do you recommend I need to have?'"
It's important to pour the cylinder with the piston at TDC to check for the correct amount of CC's to calculate the correct compression ratio of the engine. "We also have a plate we install on the chamber of the head to get a correct size of the head chamber," says Steven Hogue. Depending on the compression ratio of your engine, it may affect the correct octane of your racing fuel. Hogue participates with Sunoco Race Fuels and recommends Sunoco 112 for up to 15:1 compression engines. "We have old gaskets that we have trimmed to fit the pour plate area only and can get a true pour reading with a gasket installed," he says.
The Hogues have built their reputation for success by remaining loyal to their suppliers. "We've been loyal to 99 percent of all our manufacturers and once we find a good product, we pretty well recommend they stay with that," says Bruce. "There have been times that guys have brought stuff into us and after checking it out we've just told them we would not use it because of fatality rates."
And, yes, the customers listen. "I mean, when you've been in it this long, they understand you've been there," says Steven. "Like I said, they know we're not afraid to go to the racetrack and help them. A lot of nights, we'll be racing personally and guys will have a problem – maybe it's not even an engine that we've built – they'll come over to us and ask for help on something. And I'll say, 'Well, you change my tire, I'll be happy to work on your valves.' And usually they're happy to help us just as we help them."
Kevin Frische also feels spending time at the track is critical. "We don't compete against our customers at the track, though," Frische says. "We go to the tracks offering tech support and also as a track vendor for the three dirt tracks."
As stated earlier, defining "success" can be a tricky proposition. When you're building engines for many different customers, many of whom compete against each other (and you!) at the same event, how much pressure is on building THE winning engine?
"I'd say with most of our customers, we're lucky enough that they enjoy what they do. They're not having to do it for a living," says Steven Hogue. "What I mean is, when they buy one of our engines, they understand that it's basically what somebody else's got and the reason somebody else is winning is because they may spend a little bit more time in the garage working on it themselves. The majority – probably 80 percent – of our engines could be switched out of one guy's car to another and the driver wouldn't even notice a difference in the power ratio or anything."
To get the correct geometry of the rocker arm roller to valve stem tip location Hogue Racing Engines mocks up the engine and uses a Sharpie marker to color the end of the valve. "We will turn the engine over a few times to open and close the valve," says Steven Hogue. "Depending on where the mark is made on the stem it can be a quick way to determine whether a longer or shorter push rod is needed on an individual rocker arm system or on a shaft rocker system if more or less shims are needed under the rocker stand bar."
The combination of chassis, springs, shocks and engine are the secret sauce that the teams control, says Hogue. And often, that's where the real secrets lie.
"They know that when they go to the track, the high dollar team probably does have a better engine and they might be behind the eight ball there. But they're usually really cool about it. They understand that when you're paying X amount of money and somebody else is paying twice that much, you probably won't have quite the engine that other guy's got."
Which isn't to imply that both the Hogues and Frische don't put the same effort into building an engine their customers can depend on.
"Customers expect enough power to make every effort to win and reliable performance to last the racing season," says Frische. "I'll work with them to pair their budgets with what they need to be competitive. I can make recommendations to influence the engine build but sometimes they must adhere to their budget."
Steven Hogue says a key to maintaining customer satisfaction isn't always about building a winner – it's often just getting their engine back to them correctly.
"Whenever we get an engine in the door, whether we've built it or not, we always take a picture of it. Most of the time, we just end up with pictures of engines because most of the customers are great. Some of the time they may think we left something off the finished engine. It's happened quite a few times that a guy says, 'I know I brought my carburetor in with the engine,' but when we look at the picture, he's called back and says he found it on the shelf.
"They leave water pumps or belts or ignitions out of the motor and you know, once you've torn a race car apart you've got all these pieces laying around and engine parts around and don't realize that they didn't send this or that in."
Hogue says one benefit is taking photos to help sort out wiring configurations, especially during reassembly. "Sometimes with the sprint cars, all the oil lines just look like a spaghetti factory, so photos help you know what went where and how they had it routed. That's a huge time saver."
Part of customer service is pushing preventive maintenance, says Bruce. "If a guy runs a motor in 10 nights and it starts smoking or something like that, the first thing we'll tell him is to pull the air cleaner off – it's likely he's getting dirt in the carburetor. Almost all of them have that problem because they don't have it sealed up as well as they should, the rings leave and then it's time for a rebuild. This happens even though we tell them things to look for, how to maintain the engine, change the oil, cut the oil filters, look for debris, keep the temperatures down. It's just common maintenance."
Steven agrees that maintenance is critical. "Check the valves regularly because if you get a lifter starting to going bad or a broken valve spring, when you get the rocker arm off or the valve cover off you can see that issue."
For the Hogues, maintenance is second nature, so they share that with their customers. "Those things just come natural to us so we try to relate to our customers with things they may not understand," says Bruce.
For Kevin Frische, too, customer communication is critical to understanding their concerns – spoken and unspoken. Think about what your shop can add to help keep your customers racing into Victory Lane – and back to your shop.
In this article:Race Engines, Sprint Car, Stock Car, Understanding Customer Needs
America's Best Engine Shops: America's Best Engine Shops 2020
Features: Engine of the Week November 2020 Recap
Features: Diesel of the Week November 2020 Recap
Features: Equipment & Machine Maintenance
Watch Engine Builder's latest discussions and explanations.
Shop the latest Engine Builder merchandise.
Stay up to date by signing up for the Engine Builder newsletter.
Engine Builder Staff
Video: 470 cid Twin-Turbo LS Engine
Products: Tremec Pro-Fit TKX 5-Speed Systems
Engine News: 36 Races Headline the 2021 USMTS Schedule
Engine News: Phoenix Raceway to Host Limited Fans in March
Engine News: NTT IndyCar Series 2021 Schedule Announced
View E-Magazine
Listen To More Podcasts
Contact: Parnell ThillPhone: 715-392-7101Fax: 715-392-5225
925 Tower Ave., Superior WI 54880
Service Issues on Ford 4.6L SOHC & DOHC Engines
Carburetor Tuning: A/F Mixture, Air/Fuel Equation
Cleaning Engine Blocks & Engine Cylinder Heads
Ticking, Knocking Noise Complaints: Ford 4.6L / 5.4L 3V Engines
About Babcox Media
Babcox Media
3550 Embassy Parkway
Akron, OH 44333-8318

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Cannot use old slug - it just 301s to site home page Thanks in advance for any help guys,
For some reason my three pages stopped working, they just 301 to the home page. I think it may of been due to installing a plugin but I am not entirely sure.
I have since deleted the pages and re-created them, if I use the same slug they still 301 to the home page. However, if I change the slug to anything else they then work.  It's like the original slugs are reserved somehow.  But when i check the db there is only one post using the slug ie:
    SELECT count(*) FROM wp_posts where post_name = '$mySlugName';

I would expect if there was a conflict with the slug names that there would be more than one post using the name.
Other things I have tried:

*

*Disabling plugins

*Regenerating permalinks

I'm really not sure where to go with this now, may have to start debugging the core wordpress code base.
Cheers

A: I had the same problem a few weeks ago, this is what solved it for me:
Went to Settings / Permalinks, switched to Plain and Saved.
After that I changed Permalink settings back to the previously used values and it worked.
Let me know if this fixes your issues.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: What are the elements of the GNOME Desktop? Similar to What's the right terminology for Unity's UI elements?, what is the terminology for the various elements in GNOME Desktop? In particular,

*

*Is there a "HUD"?

*What's the name of the "Type to search" field and ensuing window? The Visual overview of GNOME page says that "Dash" is something else.

*Bonus question: why didn't GNOME use standard terms like "taskbar"?

A: As explained at GNOME Shell - Wikipedia, according to Projects/GnomeShell/Design - GNOME Wiki! the main desktop design components are:

*

*Top bar

*System status area

*Activities Overview

*Dash

*Window picker

*Application picker

*Search

*Notifications and messaging tray

*Application switcher

*Indicators tray (deprecated)

Here's an illustration from Wikipedia:

As of Gnome 3.28.2, the bottom left corner of the screen, below the dash, in place of an Indicators tray, have a "Show Applications" grid button which leads to the applications overview.
Good question. It's nice to use the canonical names when searching for or describing desired behaviors, or reporting bugs.
Update thanks to @pomsky: See also the current documentation on the Visual overview of GNOME.


text:
Home»Premier League»Arsenal Could Face Uefa FFP Sanctions After Posting Huge Losses of £213m
Arsenal Could Face Uefa FFP Sanctions After Posting Huge Losses of £213m
Arsenal are one of 20 European clubs on a Uefa watchlist of teams who are in danger of being penalised for breaching Financial Fair Play (FFP) rules.
The Gunners have made a scintillating start to the new Premier League season, winning each of their three games and scoring nine goals to sit at the top of the table.
Boss Mikel Arteta has spent big to sign Gabriel Jesus and Oleksandr Zinchenko from Manchester City, as well as Fabio Vieira this summer.
But the Arsenal manager may have to tighten his purse strings after news emerged that the club are being scrutinised by Uefa over their finances.
Uefa is soon expected to announce sanctions for ten clubs who have breached FFP rules up to 2020-21, including Juventus, Barcelona, Paris Saint-Germain, Inter Milan and Roma, according to sources.
It is understood that initial analysis has also flagged up concerns for the 2021-22 year for 20 clubs, including Arsenal.
Arsenal have had among the highest losses in the Premier League over the past three years, a total of £213 million, including £127 million in 2020-21, and they have also had one of the highest net expenditures on transfers — £218 million, similar to Manchester United's net spending.
But Gunners fans need not panic yet as final accounts for these clubs have still to be filed with Uefa, and their financial picture could change.
Good morning, Gunners 👋 pic.twitter.com/87vd1io34g
— Arsenal (@Arsenal) August 23, 2022
The football finance blogger Swiss Ramble has estimated Arsenal's next financial results and believes the club will comply with Uefa's rules. He said: "Arsenal clearly have to box clever to meet FFP targets, but it looks like they have managed to do so."
Despite sitting top of the Premier League table, Arteta has stated that their winning start will not affect their transfer business.
The Arsenal boss said after Saturday's 3-0win over Bournemouth: "No it doesn't change. We know as well where we are short, where we have to add more firepower. And if we can do it, we will do it.
"We will try to the end, the transfer window is tricky at the moment. We would like to do something else but let's see what we can do."
The Gunners have been linked with Lyon's Lucas Paqueta and Leicester City's Youri Tielemans, while there could be departures for Ainsley Maitland-Niles and Hector Bellerin.
Click here for all the Best Football Betting Sites UK 2022
Previous ArticleSt Leger Entries Down to 13 with Godolphin Duo & O'Brien 5 Left In
Next Article KSI '2 Fights 1 Night' Boxing Predictions, Betting Tips and Odds


text:
Farage: Mr Cameron, why not accept my challenge for a debate?
Language: Auto Selection Czech English
Embed transcript in: Auto Selection Czech English
European Parliament, Strasbourg, 21 November 2012 Thank you, now for the EFD group, Mr Farage. Mr Cameron heads to Brussels tomorrow, I think on 'mission impossible'. But it is a remarkable debate to think that the European Union is talking about taking another trillion euros from European taxpayers despite the fact that the accounts have not been signed off for 18 years in a row. If this was a company, the directors, or in this case the Commission, would all be in prison. But never mind, Mr Cameron will go and he will argue for a freeze. Or what he means by a freeze -- is the same over-bloated budget with increases for inflation. And that actually is the best, the very best that he can achieve in these negotiations. I have no doubt he will actually come home with the UK taxpayer having an even bigger bill. Well it won't work because the public opinion in Britain is now very clear. What our taxpayers are saying is 'Enough is enough.' No longer do we wish to pay money to Hungarian companies involved in projects that "improve the lifestyle and living standards of dogs". And our patience has completely snapped at such cultural absurdities as the 400,000 euros given to the Flying Gorillas Dance Troupe who using their own language of "rhythm, music and gibberish" -- well they'd fit in here well wouldn't they -- give performances such as the "brilliant 'Smelly Foot Dance' with an acoustic score that includes spectacular belching." No, I'm not making it up. And I think the British public are angry at the fleets of chauffeur driven cars, at the extravagant buildings and the never ending travelling circus that is the European Parliament. We pay 53 million pounds a day to be a member of this organisation for no benefit whatsoever. Mr Cameron, when you come back from this Brussels summit why don't you accept my challenge, and let's have a proper and full debate in Britain on whether it's worth staying a member of this Union or not. The last opinion polls over the weekend show that now, by a majority of two to one, the British people now want us to leave this Union and not pay you a penny piece. Thank you. Mr Protasiewicz wishes to put a question to you if you will accept it. I have just a very simple question. If you do believe that this House is useless, why have you run for the seat in this House. And why are you coming here every month to Strasbourg to take part in our debates? There is a parliamentary tradition of MPs going into houses but wishing to use that position to secede. We saw it with the Irish nationalists in the 19th century. Indeed, Sinn Fein run for elections to the UK Parliament, the Scottish National Party sit in the UK Parliament. We came here because we felt that the British public were not being told what was happening in Europe and how much it was costing. We've used our position here to try and get that information back to the British public. Given that now, by a majority of two to one, the Brits want to leave this Union, I would say we're doing a pretty good job. euroSEPTIK.cz :: reformy.cz :: svobodni.cz
Director: http://youtu.be/zupKS1IXk-k
Posted by: mmister on Nov 23, 2012
European Parliament, Strasbourg, 20 November 2012
• Speaker: Nigel Farage MEP, Leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP), Co-President of the 'Europe of Freedom and Democracy' (EFD) Group in the European Parliament - http://nigelfaragemep.co.uk
• Debate: Preparations for the European Council meeting (22-23 November 2012) with particular reference to the Multiannual Financial Framework
Council and Commission statements
Other videos from mmister
video-1467122384
Uninvited EU border guard is another EU power grab - UKIP Leader Nigel Farage


A black and white early reader booklet in the "I See..." Series about the beach.
A word shape activity with a fun boating and sailing theme.
A square-shaped word search with a fun boating and sailing theme.
A sailboat-shaped word search with a fun boating theme.
A fun alphabetical sort worksheet with a boating and sailing theme.
A crossword game with a fun boating and sailing theme.
Choose which spelling is correct with this fun boating and sailing themed worksheet.
Cute mini-sailboats. Craft instructions and a photo showing the final product.


text:
Q: Key pair for AWS EC2 launching from own AMI Do I need to provide the key pair to access the EC2 instance when the instance is being launched from an AMI which was taken from an instance that already contained the same key pair?

A: No, in case of same key pair it's not necessary to provide it again. (I just tried and made sure of it)

A: An AMI is basically a clone of an existing EC2 so it will be the same key pair used when the AMI was generated.  To access it (i.e. ssh) you will still need the .pem file that was used when the AMI was generated.


text:
News Releases & Other Resources
Toronto Fire Services and First Alert working together to protect Toronto communities
Toronto Fire Services is working with First Alert as part of an ongoing commitment to ensure all residents of Toronto have the required smoke alarms needed to stay safe.
First Alert has donated 100 smoke alarms that will be distributed in an east end Toronto community. The Toronto Professional Firefighter's Association has matched this gift with the donation of another 100 smoke alarms. Ensuring Toronto residents have working smoke alarms year-round is more important than ever as residents are spending more time indoors due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Councillor Brad Bradford (Beaches-East York) will ensure that these alarms are given to the households most in need.
Toronto Fire Services would like to remind the public to install smoke alarms if they do not yet have them installed, test them regularly, change the batteries twice a year and prepare and practice a home escape plan in case of fire.
"With the recent tragic fire in the east end of our city, fire safety has been top-of-mind for everyone. These contributions from Fire Alert and the Toronto Professional Firefighter's Association will help to save the lives and raise awareness of the importance of having working alarms. At a time where we're asking folks to stay home, it's critical we make sure that those homes are safe."
– Councillor Brad Bradford (Beaches-East York)
"We're glad to be able to support the Beaches-East York community with this donation of smoke alarms. Toronto Firefighters remind everyone that working smoke alarms really do save lives. Be sure to test yours regularly to ensure they're always in good working order."
– Frank Ramagnano, President of the Toronto Professional Fire Fighters' Association
"First Alert is thrilled to continue our partnership with Toronto Fire Services and supporting the local community through Councillor Bradford's office. Through this donation, we hope to encourage smoke alarm installation so Toronto homes can be sufficiently protected."
– Tarsila Wey, Director of Marketing, First Alert
Toronto is home to more than 2.9 million people whose diversity and experiences make this great city Canada's leading economic engine and one of the world's most diverse and livable cities. As the fourth largest city in North America, Toronto is a global leader in technology, finance, film, music, culture and innovation, and consistently places at the top of international rankings due to investments championed by its government, residents and businesses. For more information visit the City's website or follow us on Twitter, Instagram or Facebook.
Toronto Fire Services Media Relations
firemedia@toronto.ca
All News Releases & Other Resources
City of Toronto opens Earl Bales Ski and Snowboard Centre today
Winterlicious starts today at participating restaurants across Toronto
City of Toronto employees make a difference by raising more than $2.5 million for United Way
Mayor John Tory and Toronto Paramedic Services celebrate graduation of 48 new Operations and Communications recruits
City of Toronto reflects on pandemic response three years after Toronto's first confirmed case of COVID-19


text:
How Lindsay Lohan Convinced Dennis Quaid She Was Two Different Girls On The Set of 'The Parent Trap'
Abeni Tinubu
Nearly 21 years ago, the world was gifted with the cinematic masterpiece that is The Parent Trap.
Lindsay Lohan | Photo by: Charles Sykes/Bravo/NBCU Photo Bank via Getty Images
If you were one of the many people who were positively SHOOKETH when you found out that the beloved twins, Hallie Parker and Annie James, were actually both played by Lindsay Lohan, you are not alone. Even her co-star Dennis Quaid, who played Nicholas Parker, was convinced that the iconic role was played by two different, girls.
Lindsay Lohan's first role
Recently, Lindsay Lohan burst back into the spotlight to promote her new reality show centering around her beach club and restaurant in Mykonos. But, it wasn't too long ago that she was staring in her most iconic role as Cady Heron in the instant classic, 'Mean Girls'. However, the role that undoubtedly catapulted her into super-stardom was her first where she played both Hallie Parker and Annie James in Disney's The Parent Trap.
The 1998 remake follows 11-year-old twins Hallie & Annie, who meet at Summer camp and discover that are not strangers but actually identical, twin sisters who were separated at birth. After getting off to a rocky start, the pair befriend each other and hatch a plan to switch places and reunite their estranged parents.
Lohan played the roles of both girls remarkably well, especially considering that Annie's character required a British accent. She played the parts so well, in fact, that fans were completely convinced the roles were played by real-life twins. But fans weren't the only ones who were fooled.
Even Quaid was convinced
Quaid, who played Lohan's on-screen dad, recently confessed that the actress even had him fooled!
"She had me believing that there were two different kids." Quaid said during an interview on The IMDb Show. He also admitted that he'd never seen that level of talent in someone as young as Lohan, who was only 11 when the movie began filming.
Lindsay Lohan was a natural
Later in the interview, Quaid went on to imply that her talent was practically effortless.
"She was a savant, she could just channel anything like that. Some people are like that and the rest of us have to work at it," he said almost reverently.
With nearly 100 credits under his belt, Quaid has worked with his fair share of talented people, so the fact that Lohan's performance sticks out in his mind over two decades later truly speaks to her level of talent.
What's next for Lindsay Lohan?
Though Lohan has no immediate plans to return to acting, we can only hope that she makes a comeback to film someday. Someone with such enormous amounts of raw talent should have the opportunity to showcase it to the world.
At the moment she's busy being an entrepreneur overseas, it's not out of the question to think that she might consider making movies again. Until then, you can find us soaking up all the delicious nostalgia that The Parent Trap has to offer.


text:
What is Arby's logo?
September 10, 2022 by FactsAboutFood
In this brief guide, we'll address the search query: "What is Arby's logo?" Also, we'll explore what Arby's is, where Arby's operates, what foods Arby's serves, and what guidelines our readers should follow when dining out at Arby's.
As of 2022, Arby's logo is a ten-gallon, western-styled hat with the brand's name displayed across the crown, just over the brim.
Since its foundation, Arby's has changed its logo and lettering, with the first version of its logo being premiered in 1964. This logo was a brown-colored ten-gallon hat, that had Arby's name in the brand's classical lettering, displayed at the top of the hat's crown.
Beneath the name Arby's, were the words roast beef sandwich, alluding to the brand's signature sandwich, and on the brim of the hat, were the words -is delicious.-
In 1969 the brand simplified its logo, using red contouring, and in later years, the logo has been reworked, though it remains, in essence, the red outline of a ten-gallon hat with the word Arby's displayed in the brand's signature font.
What is Arby's?
Arby's is a chain of restaurants that are owned by Inspire Brands, along with other fast food restaurants such as Jimmy John's, Dunkin' Donuts, Buffalo Wild Wings, and Sonic Drive-In, to name a few.
Arby's specializes in roast beef sandwiches, though other items on their menu include chicken-based dishes, potatoes in various presentations (such as hash browns), and milkshakes.
Arby's was founded in 1964, in Boardman, Ohio, by the Raffel brothers, Forrest and Leroy.
Originally, the brothers wished to name their restaurant Big Tex, but the name was already in use by an Akron businessman.
The name Arby's came about, as the brothers were often referred to by the first letter of their surname, R, and the letter B. The tern Raffel Brothers was shortened to RB, and that snowballed into Arby's.
By the 1980s their marketing team had concocted a clever acronym that highlighted the restaurant's specialty dish; roast beef sandwiches.
Where does Arby's operate?
Arby's operates in North America; the USA, Canada, and Mexico, and a few overseas locations such as South Korea, Turkey, and Egypt.
The company maintains corporate headquarters in Sandy Springs Georgia, and as of 2022, it had little under 3404 different locales throughout the countries it operates in.
What foods does Arby's serve?
Arby's served many dishes, though its specialty is roast beef sandwiches and smaller-sized sliders.
Additionally, the restaurant offers snacks and side dishes such as chicken nuggets, french fries, curly fries, onion rings, and others.
Its sandwiches can be ordered with many ingredients such as roast beef, buffalo chicken, roasted turkey, corned beef, cheese steak, and roast beef variations.
Arby's also has a dessert menu that includes milkshakes, cookies, and turnovers.
Beverages our readers can purchase at Arby's include Coke, Dr. Pepper, Sprite, diet coke, lemonade, root beer, fruit punch, Powerade, mellow yellow, minute maid, Fanta, and bottled water.
What guidelines should I follow when dining out at Arby's?
When dining out at Arby's it's important for our readers to bear in mind what their nutritional and caloric needs are.
These needs will, of course, differ between individuals, and we encourage our readers to speak with a certified nutritionist to ascertain what their exact needs are.
However, general guidelines include avoiding foods that are rich in empty calories, saturated fat, sodium, preservatives, refined carbohydrates, etc.
Regularly consuming empty calories and refined carbohydrates increases a person's risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and other complications associated with these conditions.
Excessive sodium consumption is linked to a higher risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, stomach cancer, kidney stone formation, and chronic kidney disease.
Eating more than 70 grams of processed meat per day is not recommended, as it can increase the risk of digestive problems and cancer.
We urge our readers to prioritize their health and consume foods from Arby's occasionally, and in modest portions. Arby's food products may be savory, but they are not part of a balanced diet.
In this brief guide, we have addressed the search query: "What is Arby's logo?" Also, we have explored what Arby's is, where Arby's operates, what foods Arby's serves, and what guidelines our readers should follow when dining out at Arby's.
https://www.arbys.com/menu/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arby%27s#History
https://blog.logomyway.com/arbys-logo/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inspire_Brands
https://www.webmd.com/diet/ss/slideshow-too-much-salt
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/why-refined-carbs-are-bad#:~:text=Refined%20carbs%20may%20increase%20blood,disease%20and%20type%202%20diabetes.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/empty-calories#:~:text=Empty%20calories%20are%20those%20that,energy%20drinks%2C%20and%20fruit%20juice
https://www.healthline.com/health/fast-food-effects-on-body
Categories Food FAQs Tags What is Arby's logo? Post navigation
Is Trader Joe's expensive?
What volume does a bottle of vodka hold?


You've turned the clocks ahead and the calendar says it's spring, so why not revisit your skin-care routine. You can get that "my skin always has a fabulous glow" look easily by following these simple suggestions.
maintain a healthy glow, so if you tend to perspire choose an oil-free or mattifying formula that will help to absorb oil and give a smooth, shine-free finish. "If you were using a cream cleanser in the wintertime, change to a soap-free or mild foaming cleanser," Graf says.
In many parts of the country, winter's brutal winds and cold, wet snow may have left your skin dull and uneven. If so, don't despair. rough elbows, cracked feet and dry legs can be repaired. exfoliates such as sugar scrubs, loofahs, dry brushing and gentle chemical peels can give the skin a brighter, smoother appearance and have you bikini ready in no time.
"the key to great-looking skin is not just about exfoliating, but exfoliating properly," says dermatologist Jeannette Graf, a costco member. Before getting into the shower, slough off any signs of dry, rough patches by dry-brushing skin with a scrub. start at the ankles and stroke upward lightly on the legs, arms and stomach. For sensitive areas, such as your face, neck and décolletage, sugar scrubs are super gentle but get the job done.
Warm weather is the perfect time to change your moisturizer and cleanser. stash those heavy-duty creams and switch to lighter lotions and serums. serums allow you to continue to hydrate the skin and get anti-aging benefits, but without the intense weight.
In everything from makeup to lip balms to face creams, a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a sun-protection factor (sPF) of at least 30 is essential every day in any climate.
"try chemical-free mineral-based sunscreens for your face," advises Graf. "they are great for a number of reasons, including the fact that [they] can go around the eye area without burning." they are also generally lighter and don't clog pores. don't forget about your hairline, neck and ears, as the sun shines on those spots as well.
skip lotion and apply sunscreen directly as soon as you get out of the shower. "I recommend putting it on while you are naked so that you don't miss a spot, even if it's with a body lotion that is sPF 15," says Graf.
When you apply it is important as well. "Put it on 20 to 30 minutes before you go out, because it takes that long for it to absorb into the skin," Graf adds.
"Feet require a little more muscle, so use a pumice stone [for] extra smoothness," says manicurist dawn sterling. Afterward, moisturize with a hand and foot cream for three to five minutes and then wrap hands and feet in a warm towel for a few minutes to allow the moisture to sink in. continue to do this all season, as your feet and hands will constantly dehydrate from long dips in the pool and walking in flat flip-flops.
For a quick pick-me-up, try changing your nail polish. After a long, dreary reign of black, gray and purple polishes, brighten things up with hot new shades: corals, aqua blues and fiery reds.
The Costco Connection In addition to the products suggested here, Costco warehouses and Costco.com carry a range of top brand-name items to cover health and beauty needs from head to toe, including occasional "opportunity buys," at great value.
MAY 2011 The Costco Connection 55 Costco member Tasha Turner is senior beauty editor at essence magazine. She has also contributed to Instyle and Tyrabanks.com.


text:
Fort Warren is a historic fort on the  Georges Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor.  The fort is named for Revolutionary War hero Dr. Joseph Warren, who sent Paul Revere on his famous ride, and was later killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The name was transferred in 1833 from the first Fort Warren – built in 1808 – which was renamed Fort Winthrop.

Fort Warren is a pentagonal bastion fort, made with stone and granite, and was constructed from 1833 to 1861, completed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War. Fort Warren defended the harbor in Boston, Massachusetts, from 1861 through the end of World War II, and during the Civil War served as a prison for Confederate officers and government officials, including Confederate Vice President Alexander H. Stephens. The fort remained active through the Spanish–American War and World War I, and was re-activated during World War II. It was permanently decommissioned in 1947, and is now a tourist site. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970 as a masterpiece of coastal engineering of the pre-Civil War period, and for its role in the Civil War.

Early history

Fort Warren was built from 1833 to 1861 and was completed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War as part of the third system of US fortifications.

The Army engineer in charge during the bulk of the fort's construction was Colonel Sylvanus Thayer, who is best known for his tenure as Superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. It was the fifth largest of the 42 third system forts. The overall plan was pentagonal in shape, slightly irregular to make the best use of the island's terrain. The fort features excellent granite work. A demilune (half-moon) battery protecting the north sally port is a rare feature in US forts. The fort was originally designed for over 200 guns, including some mortars and flank howitzers. During the Civil War it was armed with 15-inch and 10-inch Rodman smoothbore guns.

Civil War
During the Civil War, the island fort served as a prison for captured Confederate army and navy personnel, elected civil officials from the state of Maryland, and Northern political prisoners.  The fort was commanded by Colonel Justin Dimick from 1861 to 1864.  Dimick was noted for his humane and compassionate treatment of the Confederate prisoners held at the fort.  Of over 1,000 Confederate prisoners at the fort, only 13 died there, giving Fort Warren a much lower mortality rate than any other prisoner of war camp (Union or Confederate) during the Civil War.

James M. Mason and John Slidell, the Confederate diplomats seized in the Trent affair, were among those held at the fort. Confederate military officers held at Fort Warren included Richard S. Ewell, Isaac R. Trimble, John Gregg, Adam "Stovepipe" Johnson, Simon Bolivar Buckner Sr., and Lloyd Tilghman. High-ranking civilians held at Fort Warren include Confederate Vice President Alexander H. Stephens and Confederate Postmaster General John Henninger Reagan. The prison camp had a reputation for humane treatment of its detainees. When the camp commander's son, Lieutenant Justin E. Dimick, left Fort Warren for active duty in the field with the Second U.S. Artillery, he was given a letter from Confederate officers in the camp urging good care should he be captured. (He was later mortally wounded at Chancellorsville in May, 1863.)

On August 19, 1863, six prisoners of war attempted an escape from the prison.  Two were caught while still on the island, two were caught while sailing toward Canada and the prison authorities claimed to believe that the other two  drowned, no trace of them after swimming toward shore apparently having been found.

The famous Union marching song John Brown's Body was written at the fort using a tune from an old Methodist camp song, and was performed at a flag-raising there on 12 May 1861. The song was carried to the Army of the Potomac by the men of the "Webster Regiment" (12th Massachusetts Infantry), who had mustered in at Fort Warren. Julia Ward Howe heard this song while visiting Washington, DC. At the suggestion of her minister, Howe was encouraged to write new words. The Battle Hymn of the Republic, which was initially published as a poem, was later matched with the melody of the "John Brown" song and became one of the best remembered songs of the Civil War era.

Post–Civil War through Endicott Period

In the 1870s Fort Warren was upgraded with new barbette batteries on the parapets along with a six-gun external battery; these were armed with Rodman guns. A plaque at the fort states that the southeast bastion was roofed over at this time to create a rare (possibly unique) casemated 15-inch Rodman gun battery. The massive brick arches built to enclose this bastion are impressive.

From 1892 to 1903 Fort Warren was rebuilt to accommodate modern breech-loading rifled guns under the Endicott program. Five batteries were added to the fort, replacing some of the older gun positions, as follows:

The two 12-inch (305 mm) and five 10-inch (254 mm) guns were the fort's main armament against enemy battleships. For defense against smaller vessels, particularly to defend nearby mine fields against minesweepers, two 4-inch (102 mm) and three 3-inch (76 mm) guns were included. The 4-inch guns were a Navy design by Driggs-Schroeder, and in the whole US Army coast defense system only Fort Warren and Fort Washington in Maryland had this type of gun. Battery Adams was built of low-quality concrete and was disarmed and abandoned due to deterioration in 1914.

World War I through World War II
Fort Warren was the headquarters of the Coast Defenses of Boston in World War I. In 1917–1918 the four 10-inch guns of Battery Bartlett were removed for potential service as railway artillery on the Western Front. Contrary to some references, although some 10-inch guns were shipped to France to be mounted as railway guns, none appear to have been used in action in World War I. Different 10-inch M1888 guns, including two from Battery Reilly at Fort Adams in Rhode Island and two from storage, replaced these weapons in 1919.

In 1920, with World War I over, several weapon types were withdrawn from Coast Artillery service. These included the 4-inch Driggs-Schroeder guns of Battery Plunkett and the 3-inch Driggs-Seabury guns of Battery Lowell. None of these were replaced. The 4-inch guns at Fort Warren remained as display pieces at least through 1941.

During World War II, the fort served as a control center for Boston Harbor's south mine field, a precaution taken in anticipation of potential attacks by Kriegsmarine U-boats. At that time, Fort Warren was garrisoned by the 241st Coast Artillery Regiment (Harbor Defense), a Massachusetts National Guard unit that was federalized in September, 1940. As new 16-inch batteries were built, particularly Battery Murphy at the East Point Military Reservation, Fort Warren's remaining guns were scrapped in 1942–1944. Fort Warren was permanently decommissioned after 1950. At some point an emplacement of Battery Bartlett was demolished for an access road.

Decommissioning and opening to the public

Fort Warren was owned by the U.S. federal government until 1958, when the state obtained it from the General Services Administration. In 1961, the fort was reopened to the public after initial restoration.

Today, the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation maintains and administers the fort, which is the centerpiece of the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area. The fort is reachable by ferry from downtown Boston, Hingham, or Hull to Georges Island. Transfers are then available for those who wish to visit some of the other Harbor Islands.

The fort is typically open from early or mid May through Columbus Day weekend. DCR Rangers offer guided tours, or you may explore on your own. An information booth just outside the sally port (the main entrance to the fort) posts information about available activities. The island offers a well-stocked snack bar, water fountains, and a large number of composting toilets. There is also a museum located in the old mine storehouse (the red brick building opposite the ferry dock), a number of picnic tables, and a children's play structure. The tops of several of the walls and several of the casemates and magazines beneath them are open to visitors. The dock side of the fort features two Civil War 3-inch rifled guns converted to breechloaders. 10-inch Rodman guns, projectiles from the Endicott era, and two World War II 40 mm Bofors guns are also at the fort. The museum includes a demonstration model of a disappearing gun and a Nike-Ajax missile.

Confederate memorial
The Commonwealth's only Confederate memorial, a headstone which commemorates 13 southern soldiers who died while imprisoned during the Civil War at the fort was housed on the island until 2017. It was removed then removed and placed into storage at the Massachusetts Archives. The headstone marker was installed in 1963 by the Boston Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Governor Charlie Baker called for the removal of the memorial in June 2017. The state subsequently covered over and removed the monument in October 2017 and stored it in the Massachusetts State Archives.

Gallery

See also

 List of Civil War POW Prisons and Camps
 9th Coast Artillery (United States)
 241st Coast Artillery (United States)
 List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
 National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Boston, Massachusetts
 Seacoast defense in the United States
 United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
 List of military installations in Massachusetts

Notes

References

  (This book contains a chapter on Fort Warren's use as POW depot.)

  (reprint edition)

External links

 Island Facts: Georges Island – Includes Fort Warren information from the National Park Service
 Boston Harbor Islands: Georges Island
 List of all US coastal forts and batteries at the Coast Defense Study Group, Inc. website
 Harbor Defenses of Boston at NorthAmericanForts.com

Boston Harbor
Warren (Massachusetts), Fort
Buildings and structures in Boston
National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
American Civil War prison camps
Defunct prisons in Massachusetts
Massachusetts in the American Civil War
Warren
Warren
Museums in Boston
Military and war museums in Massachusetts
Parks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places in Boston
1833 establishments in Massachusetts
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places


Good news To all our Ghana cleints We have start accepting payment in local GHS currency in Ghana.
No more hassles with USD $ and international transfer Charges . Save on your payment and transfer charges as well .
Japan used bicycles exporter , we ship upto 10 containers to Ghana in a month book your container to Ghana Now .
Posted on May 28, 2012, in Uncategorized and tagged japan used bicycle, japan used bicycles, used bicycles. Bookmark the permalink.	Leave a comment.


The next upcoming Fathers Day is on Sunday June 16th, 2019. Father's Day is observed on the third Sunday of June. It honors all fathers, grandfathers, great-grandfathers, and father figures for their contribution. It was created to complement Mother's Day. It is not a federal holiday. Businesses will be open or closed based on the same schedule as a regular Sunday.
Father's Day is a time to recognize fathers and father figures who have influenced a person's life. It is celebrated through cards, gifts, dining out, gifts such as electronic gadgets, sports attire, household tools or time spent together.
Father's Day started in the early 20th century in the United States to celebrate fatherhood and to complement Mother's Day. It was first celebrated on June 19, 1910 in Spokane, Washington at the YMCA by Sonora Smart Dodd. She heard about Mother's Day in 1909 and told her pastor she thought fathers should have a similar holiday. Her father raised six children as a single parent. The local clergymen agreed to the idea and the first Father's Day sermon was put on the calendar on June 19, 1910.


Materials: Blue paper, White Uni-Ball Signo Broad UM-153 Gel Pen, Orange Crayola Marker.
Both shades of orange were created with the same marker- the darker shade is drawn directly on the blue paper & the lighter shade is drawn on top of the white gel pen.
Very free feeling with a dash of joy.


text:
Christina Vazquez
Published: July 26, 2013, 10:06 am
Tags: Miami, Local, News
Father accused of leaving child alone bonds out of jail
'Leave me alone,' Luis Bianchi tells Local 10's Christina Vazquez
MIAMI – On the eve of his daughter's 4th birthday, Miami Police say Luis Bianchi left the toddler home alone in front of the television with assault rifles and a grenade in plain view in the other room because he was running late to work.
He is now facing a single count of child neglect.
After he posted bond Thursday afternoon, we caught up with Bianchi outside of jail. He would shove me twice, swipe my photographer's camera with such force it nearly fell to the ground and attempted to rip the microphone out of my hand before eventually saying: "Leave me alone."
At around 6:30 p.m. Wednesday night, Bianchi's daughter was found wandering the apartment complex at 922 SW 3rd St.
After the story aired at 11 p.m., Bianchi arrived at the police station to explain that he called the girl's mom and thought she was on her way to the apartment. Since he was running late for work, Bianchi said he decided to leave her alone. He said he locked the apartment door and pulled a couch in front of his bedroom door.
According to the arrest affidavit: "However, when officers entered the apartment, the couch was not blocking the door completely."
Later that evening, police discovered a grenade and several assault rifles (AR-15's) sitting on a table inside the apartment.
On Thursday afternoon, the little girl involved in this case walked into the courtroom with a pink bow in her long black hair and denim dress. The judge, after learning it was her birthday, started the hearing by inviting her up to his bench and letting her pick out a teddy bear which she showed off with a smile to court staff and reporters sitting nearby.
A representative from the Dept. of Children and Families said the child had been in her father's care for about 11 months after her parents broke up. The mother reportedly left the girl in her father's care because she could not afford to care for the child.
The child's mother told investigators that after learning the girl was missing, she called Bianchi who said that he didn't know where she was.
"She walked the streets looking for her daughter," said the mom's court-appointed attorney. When a protective investigator called her at 1 a.m., she thought it was the father calling from another phone line so ignored it and went to bed.
The state told the judge that since they couldn't find the child's mother until about 9 a.m. Thursday, they don't think she should live with either of her parents. They also argued the mom has "failed to protect" by not sustaining stable contact with her daughter for the past 11 months.
The mom's court appointed attorney, however, argued she is not a risk.
The judge ordered a home study to be performed on the mother and any adults who may be living with her.
Another hearing has been scheduled for Friday afternoon.
That means the child will spend another night -- her birthday night -- in state custody.