It's been a pretty quiet year of travel for us in comparison to other years. We visited Melbourne in January, took a long weekend cruise in February, in April we visited Adelaide and the Southern Highlands, in August we hit up the Gold Coast for a conference and most recently we headed back to Melbourne for a weekend.
Having a quiet travel year hasn't all been for nothing. Secretly we've been planning and saving to fund our next big adventure, an indefinite slow Australian road trip. You can read more about our recent announcements and future of The Trusted Traveller here.
We've been planning this trip since March and in that time the plan has changed and evolved from just taking six months off to travel, to now having no time frame at all.
Before I tell you all about the plan, I want to answer a question we have been getting asked quite a bit lately.
No seriously, I personally have had a tough time feeling settled in Sydney these past three years since coming home from the UK.
I've found it hard to hold down a steady job that I enjoy (ironically I'm working in one I love now) and life as we knew it before living in London has changed. Some of the people we enjoyed spending our time with have moved on which really is a fact of life and not something I'm complaining about.
I basically got to a point early in the year where I was so deeply unhappy with aspects of my life and I knew they needed changing.
So to cut a long story short, after lots of discussion and bouncing ideas off each other, we decided to try out long term travel.
I truly feel living a life of more freedom will make me happier, and already, just planning and preparing I feel happier than I have in a long time.
So the idea of our indefinite Australian road trip is spend six months travelling slowly in the cooler months (April to September) and then six months based in one city when we might find local work if our funds are getting low and spend time really getting to know that city a little better.
Right now we expect this will take us about three years to complete, however we may get to a place and love it so much we want to stick around a bit longer. So this may ultimately effect the time we spend away.
So how have we been preparing for indefinite travel? By making it our priority. Let me explain more.
For the last nine months we have been putting our travel plans and savings above everything else in our life in an effort to have a comfortable amount of money to start our new adventure with.
This has meant we've had to sacrifice a lot. Things like nice meals out with friends and family; take-away meals when we can't be bothered cooking; missing out on concerts and musicals that have come to Sydney; wearing clothes until there is literally no life left in them; and weekend away have all been sacrificed to save as much money as we can.
We've also been trying to find new and extra ways of earning money too. Mick has been working lots of overtime in his day job as an electrician.
While I have been busy at night and on weekends trying start up new income streams online that are slowly starting to pay off now after a few months and will hopefully continue to grow once we have more time to dedicate to them next year. We've got a Zazzle store now where you can buy some great travel related products with photos taken from our travels, just to name one of our income streams.
Our Australia road trip isn't going to be like a holiday, rather a new way of life. So that is the first thing I considered when starting to piece together our adventure.
On a holiday you tend to be more relaxed with your money and try to jam in as much sightseeing and activities as possible. But for long term travel, this just won't work, unless of course your a millionaire in which case go for it!
So when I put together our rough itinerary of the route we will be taking for the first six months or so, I did it with a slower pace of travel in mind. Factoring in plenty of sightseeing time, work time and down time to allow us to have the perfect travel, work, life balance.
We've also chosen this method of travel so we can really try to get to know each new community before moving onto the next.
The first six months of the trip will have us travelling over 6,000 km from Sydney to Perth where we plan to base ourselves for six months.
We'll be heading down the New South Wales South Coast stopping in places like Batemans Bay and Merimbula with a short detour into the Snowy Mountains.
Crossing the boarder into Victoria, we will spend sometime on the Gipplsland Coast in Mallacoota and Lakes Entrance before heading north to Bright and then to the boarder for the Murray River.
Skipping Melbourne (we plan to spend six months there later in the trip), we head straight to the Great Ocean Road and continue on into South Australia.
First stop in SA is Mount Gambier before we head up the coast to Kangaroo Island and then Adelaide for a few weeks. We finish off SA by exploring the Yorke Peninsula then following the coast through Port Lincoln.
The part of the trip we are most excited about is next, crossing the Nullabor Plains into Western Australia.
We'll be checking out Kalgoorlie before hitting the coast again at Esperance then Albany, before making our way to Margaret River. The final few hundred kilometres will be on the coast heading north to Perth via Bunbury.
The plans for the rest of the trip are rough at this stage and won't really come to light until after we have finished the first leg of the trip. But here are some rough maps and places we plan to visit.
After our six month break in Perth, we will head north along the coast to Broome before making our way through the Kimberley Region and into Northern Territory to visit Darwin and the Red Centre.
From there we'll drive back into South Australia taking in the Flinders Ranges before making our way to Melbourne and possibly across to Tasmania before settling in Melbourne for six months or so.
On the final leg we will drive north from Melbourne and zig zag our way through Central New South Wales and Queensland before driving up to the tip at Cape York.
We will then be travelling the Queensland and New South Wales coasts all the way to Sydney, maybe with an extended stop in Brisbane.
We are totally prepared (well as much as you can be) for lots of factors to interrupt our trip or send us on a different path. And we are 100% ok if thing don't work out as we expected.
The thing is we really don't know if this new lifestyle will be for us. We could get to Perth after the first leg and realise we hate being on the road. Or we might love Perth so much we don't want leave after six months.
Whatever happens over the next few years, we are 100% certain that we will be following our dreams and trying to find a new life that makes us both happy.
What can you expect from us now that we are making these big changes? Lots and lots more content, mostly about travel in and around Australia but also we will continue to bring you travel planning advice and destination information for places around the world.
We will be producing trip reports each month so you can see what we've been up to, where we've been, and what we've spent. We'll also post more information about our pre-trip costs in the lead up to our March 2016 departure.
Until then, if you are interested in travel to and around Australia, we've created a Facebook group just for you. The Travel Australia Community is a place for you to be inspired by others peoples travels around Australia, ask questions and share your favourite parts of the country. The group is open to everyone, no matter where you live in the world and when you plan to travel to Australia.
Then once we are on the road we will be working with some of the best brands and tourism partners in Australia, so you can expect lots of useful and inspiring content to show you just how great Australia is.
Have you ever made a massive lifestyle change like this? Do you have any advise for us about our Australian road trip or about major life changes?
Thanks Katie. Hopefully it will be a good balance.
Sounds like an excellent route Jen!
Thanks Ashlea. Sounds like you had an amazing time on your adventures and its a shame they had to come to an end.
Thanks Katie! I'm so glad you have loved your stay and Australia and do very much hope you get to return someday.
Great post, We spent two months in Australia road tripping and it costed so much $$$. It blew us away how much things were. Just a basic coke was $4.00 usd. Crazy.
Yeah Australia know to be that cheap but we have lived here most of our lives so we know a few short cuts which will help us on our trip.


text:
Negotiating Implementation of High-Stakes Performance Assessment Policies in Teacher Education: From Compliance to Inquiry
Peck Charles A.,
Gallucci Chrysan,
Sloan Tine
Source: Journal of Teacher Education,61(5), p. 451–463. November/December 2010.
(Reviewed by the Portal Team)
In this article, the authors describe the strategic response of one teacher education program (TEP) to the challenges of implementing a set of new high-stakes state teaching performance assessment (TPA) policies. These policies enacted as part of a comprehensive Learning to Teach system in the state of California.
The underlying dilemma here is that external policy mandates may undermine the very motivational qualities necessary to their successful implementation.
A second tension involves the essentially local and contextualized dimensions of knowledge required to achieve effective policy implementation at the program level.
A third set of tensions raised by many new policy initiatives reflects underlying conflicts in basic values and beliefs about the purposes of education (Goodlad, Soder, & Sirotnik, 1990).
Three general questions were used to orient data collection, analysis, and action planning.
First, the authors wanted to learn more about how their own faculty and staff interpreted the new policies and their relationship to our work.
Second, the authors wanted to understand the impacts of the new policies on the program and on their students.
Third, the authors wanted to develop a better understanding of their own processes of policy implementation, learning, and change.
A small network of partner schools and cooperating teachers participated as TEP members throughout all phases of the program.
The general educational philosophy of the program was oriented around progressive values related to inquiry, social justice, and learner-centered curriculum and instruction. In short, the program was a strong and coherent one that was well positioned to respond vigorously and proactively to new state policy.
35 full-time and part-time program faculty and staff participated in programwide data collection activities. In addition, 15 faculty and staff were invited to participate as key informants throughout the policy implementation process.
The authors have described a process through which one TEP responded to a set of new and demanding state policy mandates that were perceived by faculty and staff to intrude strongly on the integrity of local program values and practices.
In a strategic effort to negotiate the tension between these perceptions and the institutional necessity of implementing the new policies, the authors developed an approach to policy implementation aimed at shifting the discourse of implementation from a focus on compliance to a focus on inquiry. An important shift in the motivational dynamics of the implementation process took place as faculty engaged in systematic textual analysis of the new policies and collaborated to define a set of programmatic values they would work to preserve throughout the implementation process.
Furthermore, many faculty members perceived the California State policy changes aimed at TEPs as punitive, and carrying high stakes for faculty and for student teachers. In their view, the state was demanding a new form of accountability that largely ignored local program goals, required reallocation of substantial program resources, and intruded significantly on areas of programmatic practice that had heretofore been left to university and program discretion. The tension between the mandated nature of these policies and their impacts on faculty motivation for engagement with the change process was one of the most fundamental challenges the program faced.
In the present context, the authors saw that simply complying with the state mandates carried unacceptable consequences for faculty morale and program identity. Ignoring or refusing to implement the new policies, on the other hand, carried unacceptable consequences for program accreditation.
The authors learned a number of practical lessons during the course of the policy implementation process.
First, the authors believe it was important to approach the problem of engaging program faculty and staff in implementing the new state policies by making respect for their concerns about the policies a very visible part of the process.
Second, the authors came to see the way in which data were regularly collected, analyzed by the leadership team, and presented to program faculty and staff as an essential process through which important new meanings of the policies, and the program's response to them, were negotiated collaboratively.
Finally, a practical aspect of the authors' had to do with learning to see and support opportunities for both individual and collective learning within multiple contexts in the program.
Goodlad, J., Soder, R., & Sirotnik, K. (1990). The moral dimensions of teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Section archive
Educational change
High-stakes testing
Performance based assessment
Teacher motivation
Retrieving Meaning in Teacher Education: The Question of Being
Research Capacity Building in Teacher Education: Scottish Collaborative Approaches

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Steve Robinson - Author: Something to consider for your author toolkit.
In my last post I gave a little insight into how I write and while chatting on the Kindle Users forum afterwards about Scrivener with fellow indie author David Haynes, I was reminded of one of the reasons I do my final drafts, not in Scrivener, but in MS Word. I have several reasons for this and one reason is because I find it easier to do what I feel has become a vital part of my editing/proofreading process, and that's to have my book read aloud to me.
While I was editing In the Blood I came across an excellent piece of software called NaturalReader. You can take a look at it here and listen to voice samples. I didn't want to rely on having to have a real person (Mrs R in my case) available to read to me, and doing so would have taken up a lot of my wife's time. I also didn't like the mechanised sound of the free text to speech software I had access to, so I was very pleased to find NaturalReader. I went for a two voice package and chose Acapela's British Peter and Rachel. I listened to all of them several times and thought Peter best suited the tone of my books. Rachel reads research to me whenever my eyes are tired or I just feel like sitting back and listening - especially if the subject I'm researching is a bit heavy going.
The voices are not perfect, and certainly not as good as a professionally read audiobook from Audible.com for example, but they have come a long way. I found I soon warmed to Peter and it didn't take long to tune in to some of his speech oddities. You can also edit the phonetics of words if they're not pronounced as you expect, which is particularly useful for characters' names - an example of which is a French character from The Last Queen of England called Michel Levant. Peter would read that surname all wrong to my ears, so I told the software that whenever it came across that word, it would say it more like 'Leh-von' than 'Leh-vant".
You can also create MP3 files so you can proofread on the go with your iPod, which I don't tend to do because I like to pace the room as I listen, and then jump onto my keyboard, pause the speech and make my changes right there in the Word document as I go. Below is a link to a sample MP3 file I created for the prologue in To the Grave so you can hear Peter as I hear him when I'm running through an audio edit.
I think this part of the process really helps to prepare my books for publication and I'm frequently surprised by how often my ears pick up an error that my eyes have missed, sometimes after several drafts. It's also particularly good for editing dialogue, because when it's read aloud to you, you know straight away whether it sounds natural or clumsy and stilted. The same goes for long, run-on sentences and awkward paragraphs in general.
Great post, Steve. I've started acquainting myself with Scrivener and it seems excellent. I've never considered using a text to speech programme to read my book to me. But I will look into this, it makes perfect sense! Thanks for the tip!
You're welcome, David. Syd just replied on Twitter about using the built in text-to-speech that comes with the Mac OS. I did try it and thought it was pretty good, if not up to the level of NaturalReader. It's a good alternative on a budget though as it's free. One problem you can run into if the speech isn't really clear though is that when you hear something that sounds amiss, you don't know if it's the reading software that just sounds wrong or if there's an error in your text, so you might have to check your text more often to find out, which can upset the flow of your listening. I think using any TTS software for a proofreading draft is better than nothing, whatever you have on your machine.
I just tried a sample. The technology has certainly come a long way.
Hasn't it just. It blows the synthesised voice on my old ZX Spectrum out of the water!


text:
using System;
using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
using LanguageExt.Attributes;
using LanguageExt.TypeClasses;
using static LanguageExt.Prelude;

namespace LanguageExt.ClassInstances
{
    public struct SeqIndex<A> : Indexable<Seq<A>, int, A>
    {
        public A Get(Seq<A> ma, int key) =>
            TryGet(ma, key).IfNone(() => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(key)));

        [Pure]
        public Option<A> TryGet(Seq<A> ma, int key) =>
            ma == null || key < 0 || key >= ma.Count
                ? None
                : Some(ma[key]);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Local knitters sharing a passion
Posted on December 5, 2018 by 40 Mile Commentator
Photo Contributed by Lisa Waites A SHARED PASSION: St. Andrew's United Church hosted the community knitting group on Nov. 28.
MO CRANKER
Alberta Newspaper Group
A group of avid knitters and crocheters meet every week at St. Andrew's United Church to create a number of goods to give back to the community.
"The group meets every Wednesday from about 9:30-11:30 a.m. mostly at our meeting room at the church — the first Wednesday of the month they meet at the Pleasant View Lodge," said St. Andrew's minister Lisa Waites, who added that the church does not organize the group — they just offer a place to get some work done. "The group is made up of a number of congregats from our church and I know there's some from other churches as well — there's a number of community members who come out as well.
"The group knits prayer shawls and sometimes even does full blankets."
Waites says there are a number of uses for the things created by the group.
"These things are given out when babies are born, at baptisms, confirmations, high school graduations and for folks in need who are ill," she said. "I often take a prayer shawl or blanket with me when I go and visit the hospital or at places like nursing homes, long term care homes and to some folks who are shut in."
A member of the group also works on jean quilts and donates them to the local women's shelter when they're completed.
Waites says the group has been working on creating these various items for a number of years and has created far more than 1,000 pieces in that time.
"This is a collaborative group made up of a lot of people of faith, but everyone is welcome," she said. "There's a number of very experienced knitters and crocheters who are willing to teach people who may not have much, or any experience at all — that inter-generational aspect is really great."
Waites says this is a very important group within the community.
"This is just a very positive way to spend time," she said. "I know the group has a lot of fun doing what they do and they're also addressing a need in the community."


text:
The Psychology of Real Happiness
Psychologist Martin Seligman helped change his profession's focus from what's wrong with people to what's right with them.
Dr. Martin Seligman is a pioneer in the areas of positive psychology, learned helplessness, depression, and optimism and pessimism. Currently Fox Leadership Professor of Psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, he is the author of 20 books, including "Learned Optimism" and "The Optimistic Child." His latest book is "Authentic Happiness." He spoke with Wendy Schuman about how his work has influenced his views on happiness and spirituality.
You're called the father of positive psychology. When you were president of the American Psychological Association, you brought a revolutionary change to the focus of what psychologists were doing. Could you talk about how that happened?
It used to be that whenever I introduced myself to people and told them I was a psychologist, they would shrink away from me. Because quite rightly the impression the American public has of psychologists is "You want to know what's wrong with me." Having paid 35 years of dues learning what's wrong with people, I had my own epiphany which convinced me that what psychology needed to do was to ask not just about the disabling conditions of life, the things that prevent us from having fulfilling lives, but what are the enabling conditions. I came to the belief that we needed to have a psychology to complement the psychology of suffering--a psychology of the best things in life and how to build them.
Were your colleagues at the APA shocked by this change from the mental illness model?
When I give speeches to colleagues, it's the only time in my life that I see people weep in the audience, it's the only time when I have heartfelt standing ovations. I think many psychologists went into it because they wanted to make people happy. They found that they were on this healthcare plantation in which their job was only remedial. Psychologists recognized they sold their birthright to become part of the healthcare system.
So you've enabled them to have a more meaningful impact on the world?
Most psychologists want to help you have more fulfilling lives. They want to ask the religious question. My colleagues were very open to this issue. So to my astonishment, because I had always relished being unpopular, this was the most popular thing I'd ever done.
What was the epiphany that led you to study happiness?
Almost everything I've done that involved big changes in life has happened in a flash. This happened when my daughter Nikki and I were gardening, and she was just five. I should confess that when I garden, I'm goal-directed, time-urgent. Nikki was throwing weeds in the air and dancing around, and I yelled at her. She came back to me and said, "Daddy, do you remember before I was five, I whined all the time, I whined everyday? Did you notice that since my fifth birthday I haven't whined at all?" I said, Yes, Nikki. "Well, Daddy, that was because on my birthday I decided I wasn't going to whine anymore. It was the hardest thing I've ever done. And if I can stop whining, you can stop being so grumpy!"
In a flash I saw three things: first that she was right about me, I really was a nimbus cloud, and probably any success I had in life was probably not due to being a grouch but was in spite of it. And I saw that our usual theory of child-rearing was incorrect. I realized my job with Nikki was not to correct her errors but to take this virtue that she had just shown and somehow amplify it, help her use it as a buffer against troubles. That raised the question of strength and virtue.
And finally I realized that my profession was half-baked, that the baked part was about suffering, but the unbaked part was about positive emotion and virtue and positive institutions. In that moment, in a classical religious sense, I acquired a mission. And that mission is still with me, it's what I've been doing full-time since 1998.
In your book, you call it "authentic happiness." What in your view is authentic happiness?
I divide happiness into three completely different kinds of life: the pleasant life-and if you're really good at the pleasures, if you're in the upper 50% of positive affectivity, you can lead a pleasant life-that revolves around felt joys and pleasures. It turns out, though, there are a lot of people who don't feel pleasure. Half the population is at the bottom. But often those people lead lives that are very close to what Aristotle called "the good life," which is the second route to happiness. It's knowing what your highest strengths and virtues are and using them all the time-in work, in love, in play, in parenting. There are shortcuts to the pleasant life-drugs, loveless sex, television, shopping; but there are no shortcuts to the good life. It involves knowing what your signature strengths are, and then learning how to use them more often. That's the reason I call this "authentic happiness."
And the third [route to happiness] is the meaningful life: that's knowing your signature strengths, and using them in the service of something much larger than you are. There are no shortcuts.
Can you give me an example of using your signature strengths to achieve the good life, and then to achieve the meaningful life?
Sure. When I teach positive psychology-and it's the most joyous teaching I've ever done, it beats abnormal psychology by a mile-we do exercises each week which are meaningful for the students. I'll give you two examples. One of the assignments is to identify something they do at work which is tedious and to find some way to find some way of recrafting that part of their work to deploy their highest strengths. They've all taken the signature strengths inventory from the book, so they know what their strengths are.
One of my students is a waitress and she really hated being patronized by customers, plus it was physically tedious work. Her highest strength is social intelligence. She decided she would recraft her work to make her customers' encounter with her the social highlight of their evening. She transformed something that was both tedious and negative into something that had "flow." That's a "good life" example.
A "meaningful life" example is deploying your best strengths in the service of something larger. We do an exercise called "philanthropy vs. fun." The assignment is to do something fun and write it up, and do something altruistic and write it up. Here's a typical report: When people do something fun, when it's over, it's over-for example, hanging out with their friends, watching television, listening to music. When they're done, they're done. But in the philanthropic activities, the effects are longer lasting. One of the women spent two hours on the phone tutoring her nephew in third-grade arithmetic. She said that the whole day went better for her. She could listen to people better, she was mellower, people liked her more. And one of the Wharton [School of Business] students said, "I went to Wharton to make a lot of money, because I thought it would bring more freedom and more happiness. But I found I could be happier helping other people than I could be buying things."
So money really doesn't buy happiness. In your book, you mention that even winning the lottery doesn't make people permanently happy. Why is that?
It turns out that each of us has our own set range for happiness, which is largely inherited-and there's a study of lottery winners showing that after the initial elation of winning, they eventually revert back to their baseline happiness level. In fact, good fortune is no guarantee of happiness. You get used to your level of wealth and health, and even major events-like being fired or promoted-lose their impact on happiness in a matter of months.
In contrast, when you identify your highest strengths and virtues, the things you're best at-and then you do the tricks of recrafting love and work and parenting and play to use them more-you create lasting happiness. So the whole point of positive psychology interventions that they are not only self-maintaining, but they snowball in a positive direction. That's because you really have to do it yourself, it's a discovery within you. It's not doing something external. It's finding what you're really best at and doing it more.
Many people want to change their job or their life. They feel stuck, and they don't know how to do that. You're saying you don't need to necessarily find another job but .
Recraft what you're doing in line with your signature strengths. There are both exercises and self-assessment devices on our website - so it's good link.
You speak in your book about faith and spirituality. What role do they play in happiness?
Quite a number of roles. First, there's been evidence for a long time that people who are seriously religious are less depressed and happier and more optimistic. Secondly, people who are seriously religious are at a tremendous advantage with the third kind of happy life, the meaningful life. They use their signature strengths in the service of something much larger than they are, and that is a tried-and-true route to life satisfaction. But part of my concern is the enormous number of people who, like myself, have no religious beliefs, and yet want to lead a meaningful life. That's what the last chapter in the book's about.
I was reading your last chapter, and I sensed that here was a lifelong nonbeliever who seemed to be approaching some kind of view of God that he could accept. But then when I got there, I didn't quite understand what it is that you found. I was wondering if you could elucidate it a little.
It was a major change in my life, and a big discovery for me. And I would like to share it and say it in a way that's compelling for people who are secular. I have come to believe that there is a secular view that leads to God, and it leads to meaning because it's grounded outside yourself.
In most religions, God has four properties: He or She is the Creator of the universe, and also omnipotent, omniscient, and righteous.
. The objections to the idea of a creator are legion. But if you accept the Big Bang theory of creation, you are left with a God who isn't a creator-but is omniscient, omnipotent, and righteous. The question is, does such a God exist? The answer would seem to be "Not now"-because you're basically stuck with the problem of why there is evil in the universe and the question of how there can be free will if God is omnipotent. But will there ever be such an entity? The answer is yes, in the longest of runs.
It more or less fell into place when I read Bob Wright's book NonZero
. He describes life as a positive sum game in which complexity wins out. Evolution works strongly in favor of growth and complexity. In human history, we are going from knowledge to omniscience, from potence to omnipotence, from ethics and religion to righteousness..So, in my view, God comes at the end
of this long process. This may not happen in our lifetimes or even in the lifetime of our species. But we can choose lives that are part of this pathway to God, lives that are meaningful and sacred. They're in the service of God coming at the end
. That's the theology that I can accept.
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"Big Trouble with Little Slimer"
Walter Peck is back and out to discredit the Ghostbusters any way he can. When his efforts to expose them as frauds fail, he hits them where it hurts by taking Slimer away for government testing. Will Slimer be sent to oblivion?
The title of this episode is likely a parody of the movie Big Trouble in Little China.
Egon and Slimer sing It's Raining, It's Pouring in the shower.
This page was last edited on December 29, 2012, at 19:12.


James Rodriguez departed Colombia's World Cup game against Senegal through injury. It appears to be a re-aggravation of his calf injury. He may be able to return, but between fatigue and dehydration, don't expect him to be his usual self.
Former Manchester United boss Sir Alex Ferguson has been hospitalized after suffering an Intracerebral hemorrhage or ICH. Strokes come in two varieties, hemorrhagic or ischemic. One is when a blood vessel bursts, and the other is when a blood vessel is blocked by a clot or embolus.
Damage occurs with ICH from two mechanisms. Mechanism 1 is when the blood vessel bursts, there's an area of the brain not getting blood from the burst vessel. Mechanism 2 is the extruded blood forms a hematoma which causes mass effect on the surrounding brain.
Surgery is usually a craniotomy to remove the hematoma. A portion of the skull is removed, the dura is opened, and a small incision is made in the cortex. The hematoma is evacuated with suction. Note this only helps mechanism 2, there's nothing to do about mechanism 1.
Prognosis depends on location (which area of the brain, which side of the brain) and size of the hematoma and damage to surrounding brain.


text:
Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook
Wail A. Barry, Gwen Bouvier
This study focuses on the major socio-cultural attributes of Facebook users in two different settings. In addition, the aim was to identify cross-cultural differences between two groups of respondents from the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and the University of Glamorgan in Wales, UK. Socio-cultural specificities were addressed by means of survey and qualitative methods. The Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory and Geerte Hofstede theory of "cultural dimensions" represented the epistemological framework for the study. Both Arab and Welsh students gave reasons for the relative importance of using Facebook. Although they shared similar features in terms of their preferences and uses, the study showed they differed in certain key points related to: cultural orientation, communication modes, and issues of privacy. Results indicate that there are socio-cultural affinities that are correlated with using Facebook among the sample users. Furthermore, it was evident that Facebook users' identity reflected a case of certainty. Hence, communication scholars are encouraged to study the research implications of new media on the cultural level because it represents a new avenue in the genre of media studies.
Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research
https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1
10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1
Dive into the research topics of 'Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cross-cultural Communication Arts & Humanities 100%
Facebook Arts & Humanities 84%
facebook Social Sciences 62%
Arab Social Sciences 61%
Students Engineering & Materials Science 49%
communication Social Sciences 35%
Social Information Processing Arts & Humanities 29%
Barry, W. A., & Bouvier, G. (2012). Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook. Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research, 4(2-3), 165-184. https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1
Barry, Wail A. ; Bouvier, Gwen. / Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook. In: Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research. 2012 ; Vol. 4, No. 2-3. pp. 165-184.
@article{5e183dc392a04babaf623960e4f01231,
title = "Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students{\textquoteright} use of Facebook",
abstract = "This study focuses on the major socio-cultural attributes of Facebook users in two different settings. In addition, the aim was to identify cross-cultural differences between two groups of respondents from the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and the University of Glamorgan in Wales, UK. Socio-cultural specificities were addressed by means of survey and qualitative methods. The Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory and Geerte Hofstede theory of "cultural dimensions" represented the epistemological framework for the study. Both Arab and Welsh students gave reasons for the relative importance of using Facebook. Although they shared similar features in terms of their preferences and uses, the study showed they differed in certain key points related to: cultural orientation, communication modes, and issues of privacy. Results indicate that there are socio-cultural affinities that are correlated with using Facebook among the sample users. Furthermore, it was evident that Facebook users{\textquoteright} identity reflected a case of certainty. Hence, communication scholars are encouraged to study the research implications of new media on the cultural level because it represents a new avenue in the genre of media studies.",
keywords = "facebook, students, middle east, wales",
author = "Barry, {Wail A.} and Gwen Bouvier",
doi = "10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1",
journal = "Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research",
publisher = "Intellect",
Barry, WA & Bouvier, G 2012, 'Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook', Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 165-184. https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1
Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook. / Barry, Wail A.; Bouvier, Gwen.
In: Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research, Vol. 4, No. 2-3, 01.01.2012, p. 165-184.
T1 - Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook
AU - Barry, Wail A.
AU - Bouvier, Gwen
N2 - This study focuses on the major socio-cultural attributes of Facebook users in two different settings. In addition, the aim was to identify cross-cultural differences between two groups of respondents from the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and the University of Glamorgan in Wales, UK. Socio-cultural specificities were addressed by means of survey and qualitative methods. The Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory and Geerte Hofstede theory of "cultural dimensions" represented the epistemological framework for the study. Both Arab and Welsh students gave reasons for the relative importance of using Facebook. Although they shared similar features in terms of their preferences and uses, the study showed they differed in certain key points related to: cultural orientation, communication modes, and issues of privacy. Results indicate that there are socio-cultural affinities that are correlated with using Facebook among the sample users. Furthermore, it was evident that Facebook users' identity reflected a case of certainty. Hence, communication scholars are encouraged to study the research implications of new media on the cultural level because it represents a new avenue in the genre of media studies.
AB - This study focuses on the major socio-cultural attributes of Facebook users in two different settings. In addition, the aim was to identify cross-cultural differences between two groups of respondents from the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and the University of Glamorgan in Wales, UK. Socio-cultural specificities were addressed by means of survey and qualitative methods. The Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory and Geerte Hofstede theory of "cultural dimensions" represented the epistemological framework for the study. Both Arab and Welsh students gave reasons for the relative importance of using Facebook. Although they shared similar features in terms of their preferences and uses, the study showed they differed in certain key points related to: cultural orientation, communication modes, and issues of privacy. Results indicate that there are socio-cultural affinities that are correlated with using Facebook among the sample users. Furthermore, it was evident that Facebook users' identity reflected a case of certainty. Hence, communication scholars are encouraged to study the research implications of new media on the cultural level because it represents a new avenue in the genre of media studies.
KW - facebook
KW - middle east
KW - wales
U2 - 10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1
DO - 10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1
JO - Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research
JF - Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research
Barry WA, Bouvier G. Cross- Cultural Communication: Arab and Welsh students' use of Facebook. Journal of Arab and Muslim Media Research. 2012 Jan 1;4(2-3):165-184. https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr.4.2-3.165_1


All of the preceding examples in this book have been Java applications. However, applications constitute only one class of Java programs. The other type of program is the applet. As mentioned in Chapter 1, applets arc small applications that are accessed on an Internet server, transported over the Internet, automatically installed, and run as part of n Web document. After an applet arrives on the client, it has limited access to resources, so that it call produce an arbitrary multimedia user interface CWD run complex computations without introducing the risk of viruses or breaching data integrity.
This applet begins with two import statements. The first imports the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) classes. Applets interact with the user through the AWI, not through the console-based I/O classes. The AWT contains support for a window-based, graphical interface. As you might expect, the AWT is quite large and sophisticated, and a complete discussion of ft consumes several chapters in Part 11 of this book. Fortunately, this simple applet makes very limited use of the AWT. The second import statement imports the applet package, which contains the class Applet. Every applet that you create must be a subclass of Applet.
1. Edit a Java source file.
3. Execute the applet viewer, specifying the name of your applet's source file.
The applet viewer will encounter the APPLET tag within the comment and execute your applet. The window produced by. Simple Applet, as displayed by the applet viewer, is shown in the following illustration While the subject of applets is more fully discussed later in this book, here are the. key points that you should member now: Applets do not need a main) method. Applets must be run under an applet viewer or a java-compatible browser,User I/O is not accomplished with lava's stream I/O classes. Instead, applets use the. interface provided by the AWT.


text:
Goldschlägerhaut, auch Darmserosa genannt, wird aus der äußersten Hautschicht von Rinderblinddärmen hergestellt. Sie ist sehr dünn (ca. 0,05 bis 0,1 mm), elastisch und reißfest.

Fertigung
Zur Herstellung von Goldschlägerhaut wird zunächst der Rinderdarm gewaschen und eingeweicht. Dann wird die oberste Hautschicht abgezogen, gespannt und getrocknet. Zur Haltbarkeit wird die Haut chemisch behandelt. Die Größe eines Stückes beträgt maximal etwa 100 × 25 cm.

Begriffsherkunft
Der Name Goldschlägerhaut leitet sich ab von ihrer früheren Verwendung beim Goldschlagen, also der Herstellung von Blattgold. Zwischen die einzelnen Lagen Blattgold wurden Goldschlägerhäute gelegt, damit die Blattgoldschichten nicht aneinanderkleben.

Weitere Anwendungsgebiete

Bau von Luftschiffen

Bereits im Jahr 1883 experimentierte das britische Militär mit Ballonen, deren Ballonhülle aus Goldschlägerhaut gefertigt war. Auch das US-amerikanische Militär experimentierte ab dem Jahr 1893 mit diesem Material beim Einsatz für Ballone.

Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts stieg der Bedarf an Goldschlägerhäuten durch die Luftschifffahrt enorm an. Da gummierter Stoff schnell brüchig wurde und zu statischer Aufladung neigt, wurden die Gaszellen aus Goldschlägerhäuten genäht, die in bis zu sieben Lagen auf eine Trägerschicht aus Stoff aufgebracht wurden. Das Gewicht dieses Materials lag bei 136 g/m² Für eine einzige Gaszelle wurden die Häute von rund 50.000 Rindern benötigt, für einen Luftschifftyp, welcher im Ersten Weltkrieg verwendet wurde, wurden zusammen Blinddärme von rund 700.000 Rindern benötigt. Später konnte die Goldschlägerhaut auf vier Lagen reduziert werden.

Die Herstellung der Gaszellen war aufwendig und teuer. In England wurden Rinderblinddärme zuerst in Salzwasser getaucht und dann abgeschabt. Anschließend wurden die Stücke zusammengefügt und auf Leinwand geklebt. Die fertige Gaszelle wurde zum Schluss mit Luft aufgeblasen und auf Dichtheit kontrolliert. Die Arbeiter (zumeist Arbeiterinnen) im Inneren trugen dabei weiche Filzpantoffeln.
Heute werden für gasdichte Zellen synthetische Materialien verwendet.

Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts wurden zudem spezielle Unternehmen gegründet, welche sich auf die Produktion der Goldschlägerhaut spezialisierten. In Berlin-Schöneberg wurde im Jahr 1909 beispielsweise die Ballonhüllen GmbH gegründet.

Abdichtung von Oboenmundstücken
Aufgrund der guten Dehnbarkeit benutzen Oboisten Goldschlägerhaut zum Abdichten ihrer Mundstücke, damit keine Luft zwischen den beiden Blättern des Mundstücks entweicht. Umgangssprachlich bezeichnen die Oboisten die Goldschlägerhaut auch als Fischhaut.

Schinkenherstellung
Goldschlägerhäutchen finden auch als Umhüllung von feinen Schinkenwaren Verwendung, so zum Beispiel als Umhüllung von Lachsschinken nach "Pariser Art". Diese Häute werden allerdings aus der Haut des Bauchfilzes (Speck) vom Schwein gewonnen.

Einzelnachweise

Natürlicher Werkstoff
Luftschifffahrttechnik
Ware aus tierischen Produkten

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Apartment Florence near Cecina, Quercianella, Marina di Bibbona, L'isola di Gorgona, Capraia,Rosignano, Livorno, Castagneto Carducci, Bolgheri, Populonia.
Full Description: Castiglioncello 5 minutes walk from the sea (via Derna, 33, near the beach of Quercetano).
The room + privite bath is well maintained and consists of a double bed with private bath, private balcony with the view of the sea.
Completing the equipped room flat, the use of kitchen and garden of the main apartment where is situated the room.
The place is immerse in greenery very next to the amazing and picturesque beaches of Castiglioncello, where you may enjoy the typical promontory's nice climate of the sea and also enjoy the magnificent view of the indented Tuscan coast.
This listing has been viewed 1303 times.


text:
Groups often use coercive persuasion and coercive control to recruit, retain and manipulate individuals. Each group has its own agenda, but they all use recognisable techniques to gain members.
Types of Manipulative Groups +Getting support +
Manipulative groups
Manipulative groups exist all around us: any social group or relationship can become manipulative. Each will have its own agenda, and each will seek to manipulate an individual for its own gain. The manipulation can take many forms, from gaining financial or emotional control over the individual, to recruiting 'disciples' to further the agenda of the group. In turn, these manipulated individuals become 'followers' to be used by the group for a specific aim. For example, a religious extremist group or a criminal gang will recruit individuals to serve their cause. A cult on the other hand may seek to gain financially from the individual, who may be encouraged to 'donate' their life savings and belongings to the betterment of the cause. At worst, these techniques can be used at a national scale, to take over whole nations and operate it as a totalitarian cult. Types of manipulative groups include:
Religious Cults
Any religion can become manipulative, or have a subgroup with a manipulative interpretation. Some 'religions' are even set up specifically to manipulate people. There are manipulative cults derived from Christian, Muslim, Jewish, Hindu and Buddhist ideas, as well as neo-Pagan, New Age and Magick Groups. Similarly, 'religions' such as Scientology have been established to specifically gain followers.
All of these groups use coercive control, including isolation techniques, to alienate their members from society, and control their freedom of thought.
Learn more about religious cults
Educational Cults
Although there are few well-known educational cults, they do exist, and they do manipulate and harm individuals on a daily basis. Many educational cults claim to have perfected the 'technology' of study, but share information and topics that are filled with misinformation. These groups take over their members' lives with the pretence that they are helping members to gain an education, commonly speed-reading, memory enhancement, or 'philosophy'.
Learn more about education cults
Marketing Cults
For many years, scam artists have used letters, classified ads and phone calls to trick people out of their cash. These days, many scam artists use the Internet to lure victims into phoney marketing schemes. There are many forms of marketing scam, including Ponzi schemes, pyramid selling, and penny share trading.
Learn more about marketing cults
Political Cults
Manipulative political groups exist to sway a political agenda or control a nation. Not everyone needs to believe the propaganda for it to be effective or change the direction of the political landscape.
There are many political cults, varying in size from one-on-one manipulators, to whole nations such as North Korea. Left and right wing groups, race supremacists, terrorists and other hate groups also have a political agenda which they insist is the only "correct" viewpoint. Instead of reasoned protest, they incite subversion and violence.
Learn more about political cults
Internet Cults
Capitalising on the anonymity, reach and sense of community that the internet delivers, internet cults are able to control victims without ever making physical contact. 'Gurus' offer 'insights' for cash and unquestioning loyalty. Gaining trust over time, manipulators can ultimately control their victims virtually, as effectively as other groups control their victims face to face.
Marketing groups, terror cells, criminal gangs and pretty much any other manipulative group can also operate freely on the internet, as do paedophiles and online predators.
Learn more about internet cults…
Family & One-on-One Cults
Sometimes a predator creates a one-on- one cult, controlling another individual with threats and putdowns, but often keeping them trapped with superficial charm, confused by "crazy making" techniques such as gaslighting, and isolated by a web of lies and triangulation. In an intimate relationship, one partner is reduced to subservience. Children are pressed into service by the predatory partner, too. When a relationship fails, one partner often turns the children against the other, creating parental alienation.
Learn more about family & one-on-one cults
Therapy Cults
Further victimising vulnerable individuals, therapy groups seek to deliver 'relief' that actually keeps the victim enthralled. Often, one manipulative group is exchanged for another, with the victim never actually recovering.
Many 'therapies' are actually harmful to the individual, or at the very least do not support with sustained recovery. 'Therapists' use hypnotic methods to create euphoria and social pressure to create dependence, and then exploit victims emotionally, financially, socially and sometimes sexually. Even "mainstream" therapies can be used in manipulative and harmful ways.
Learn more about therapy cults
Corporate Cults
A corporation can have all of the characteristics of any other destructive cult. These groups offer little of value to society, instead focusing on exploiting customers and the public. Corporate scams have again and again crashed the economy, most recently with the international banking scandal.
Learn more about corporate cults
Criminal Gangs
Criminal gangs combine the constant threat of violence with the full range of exploitative techniques. Gang leaders are not governed by any external authority, so often act savagely towards gang members. They bend the justice system to their own ends, sometimes terrifying witnesses into withdrawing testimony and buying the protection of corrupt officials.
Learn more about criminal gangs
The type of support available to you is dependent on what information you have received, and its impact on your life. In its simplest forms, e.g. reading incorrect information on social media, prevention is your best hope of support, equipping yourself to proactively check facts, vet sources and consider the truth behind what you read. You can also take proactive action in these cases, reporting fake news to the platform that is carrying it, or the admin that is overseeing it. AT the other extreme, disinformation may have led you to behave out of character, resulting in joining an extremist religious group or cult for example. In these scenarios, additional support for recovery is available.
Agree which to include
Religious & Spiritual Extremism
It is important to differentiate humane from destructive interpretations of religion. Religious extremism has been a major cause of human suffering throughout recorded history. As the Dalai Lama has said, "The whole purpose of religion is to facilitate love and compassion, patience, tolerance, humility, forgiveness."
Human Suffering
People have justified the most barbaric acts with claims to sacred duty. As Pascal said, "Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction."
All too often, religious extremists have led their followers to commit atrocities through a dogmatic belief in inhumane ideas. The contemporary focus is on terrorist acts committed by Muslim zealots, who have allied a fundamentalist interpretation of their faith with guerrilla tactics devised by revolutionary Marxists.
Hatred of the Minority
And yet, less than half a per cent of Muslims are followers of the Salafi or Wahhabi faction of Sunni Islam, and most of these are not militant, but the acts of the few thousand followers of Daesh and Al Qaeda have stirred hatred towards all Muslims. This hatred has swelled support for the militant Wahhabis, just as they intend.
Christian Extremism
The Troubles in Northern Ireland became an internecine war between Protestants and Catholics. Extremists on both sides believed that they were the true Christians, with little thought for the teachings of the Prince of Peace they claimed to be following.
Religion as an Excuse
Destructive bigots have frequently used religious belief as an excuse for vicious anti-social behaviour throughout history. Christian extremists destroyed the greatest library of the ancient world at Alexandria. The Iconoclasts destroyed great art, as did the English Puritans of the 17th century. Muslim extremists have destroyed much great art due to their fundamentalist misinterpretation of the Qu'ran.
The Crusades, the Inquisition, the Huguenot wars, the witch-hunts and many persecutions have stigmatized Christianity. But extremism is not limited to any particular religion: after partition in India in 1947, as many as two million people may have died in conflicts between Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs.
In the lead up to WWII, unthinking obedience was fostered in the Japanese public with the cult of the Emperor and "Soldier Zen". Leading Zen Buddhist teachers have acknowledged the error of this teaching, and apologised for it.
Posts about Religious Extremism
Manipulation at its Best (or Worst)
Saving a Thousand Lives a Year: Reforming Watchtower's Policy on Blood – Part Two
Saving a Thousand Lives a Year: Reforming Watchtower's Policy on Blood – Part One
Radicalization is Extreme Propaganda
Radicalization is the process of causing someone to adopt fanatic, radical positions on political or social issues through propaganda and thought reform.
Radicalization Resources
The Quilliam Foundation – a counter-extremism organization
Families for Life – a UK organization helping families combat extremism
Radicalization Research – an archive of research and information on radicalization
Grievances Lead to Radicalization
It is a mistake to think that radicalization applies only to Islamist terrorists, just as it is a mistake to believe that suicide bombings all have a religious motivation – there are many terrorist groups driven by purely political objectives.
There are pathways that lead to radicalization, beginning with a personal grievance – for instance, the Chechnyan "black widows", suicide bombers who had lost their husbands. Muslims who have been slighted for their belief also fulfill this criterion: anti-Muslim prejudice makes radicalization all the more likely.
The first step may also be group grievance, where a group feels under attack – all separatist terrorists have experienced this. Kurds may support the PKK, because of attacks upon their fellow Kurds. In cultures that are under siege, there is no need for radicalizing thought reform techniques. The realities of daily life are enough. For instance, Tamils in Sri Lanka were denied the right to vote, so some joined the Tamil Tigers and became terrorists. Nothing can justify terrorism, but we need to work for a more fair, equitable world if we are to stop radicalization.
Romantic and family attachments can also influence radicalization. Some groups originate as extensions of family or friend networks, and a pretty face can be used to recruit just as easily as into a cult.
Cultural Isolation
In the West, second generation offspring of Muslim parents often feel isolated from their roots and are prey to radical groups that apply thought reform techniques to instill new beliefs and behaviors. Sometimes they are rebelling against their parents' moderate beliefs.
The "slippery slope" addresses gradual radicalization through retreat into a like-minded group and withdrawal from the larger society. Resentment is amplified slowly, and the recruit is encouraged to bond with fellow-believers while disparaging outsiders. This may begin with something as laudable as charity towards the victims of prejudice but can escalate into "dispensing of existence", where outsiders are perceived as demonic and evil, without human rights.
Status is achieved by participation in the cause. Killing an enemy in war is viewed differently from murder in almost all societies. Killing an enemy is praiseworthy, and increases the status of the perpetrator. Risk-taking becomes a positive activity in a radical group. In groups that perform suicide bombing, a high status attaches to successful bombers and their surviving families. In some parts of the world, billboards have shown images of smiling "shahida" or "martyrs".
Existing concerns and beliefs are put aside for transformation as a member of the group, which, in effect, becomes a larger self – a set of values to be defended at all costs. "Unfreezing" of existing beliefs leads to changing of beliefs and then the "refreezing" process, where the new concerns and beliefs become central to a new sense of being and purpose.
Belonging to a group often means accepting all of the values of the group, whether they are understood or not. Recruits submit to the higher authority of the leader or doctrine and demand purity – compliance with that authority.
Polarization will happen, once group values have been accepted: you are either with us, or against us. There is no longer any middle ground. Those who disagree are the enemy. This argument is used to justify the murder of "enemy" children.
Isolation strengthens the bond to the group in line with Hassan's BITE model – control of behavior, information, thought and emotion will take place as an aspect of separation from the society beyond the group. Access to conflicting information is completely cut off: the media is under the control of hostile forces, anyone who disagrees with the leader is diabolic. Thought-stopping will prevent true believers from even listening to criticism.
Provoking Competition
Competition can also escalate into radicalization. This is seen in left-wing groups that compete to show that their doctrine is more pure than that of rival groups.
Ju-jitsu politics indicates the use of provocation to make governments act against minorities and create oppressive legislation that will ultimately strengthen the radicals' cause. This strategy is aimed at isolating moderates to cause social polarization. Al-Qaeda wanted First World countries to invade Muslim countries, to support their effort to create a united opposition. Their numbers grew from less than 500 at the time of 9/11, into tens of thousands after the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They want westerners to believe that all Muslims are militant Wahhabis and persecute them, so that there are even more persecuted Muslims, now eager to join the cause.
An "Us and Them" mentality is fundamental to all cults; it is essential to terrorist groups. Opponents are seen as demons or even vermin – just as in genocides.
It is Not a Mental Illness
Extensive investigation has shown that terrorists do not suffer from mental illness. Ariel Merari has provided a significant survey of the psychology of suicide bombers in the Israel-Palestine conflict. He did find a higher proportion that is usual of dependent and avoidant personality types, but suicide bombers in Palestine come from a community that needs no radicalization. His book "Driven to Death: Psychological and Social Aspects of Suicide Terrorism" gives a lot more detail.
In contrast, western terrorist recruits are often from moderate Muslim families and have a university education. They have fairly normal personality profiles. Marc Sageman challenges conventional wisdom about terrorism, observing that the key to mounting an effective defense against future attacks is a thorough understanding of the networks that allow these new terrorists to proliferate in his book "Understanding Terror Networks".
Some experts prefer to avoid any suggestion of thought reform, but fail to explain what they mean by "radicalization", which most certainly contains elements of manipulation and the use of undue influence.
It is important that psychological and social research into terrorism continues. It is equally important that real grievances are addressed. At Open Minds, we want to teach students to understand the methods used to induce fervor and devotion by life-destroying cults of every type.
Posts about Radicalization
Fifth: "Thou shalt not kill" – The dark side of faith
Criminal Gangs The "Made Men" Club
Criminal gangs are all around us and have a powerful negative influence on our lives. Where the rule of law is failing, these gangs grab power. They are highly manipulative to their members as well as to outsiders.
Cults That Exploit
Among the worst gangs are those who exploit young people in pedophile rings and the slavers involved in human trafficking.
Where the rule of law is failing, gangs grab ever more power and wield more influence. They are highly manipulative to their members as well as to outsiders.
Autocratic Governance
Gangs are invariably formed by human predators. They function as autocracies, with all of the power resting in the leader, until that leader is deposed. While violence or potential violence is a significant part of any gang, successful leaders use psychological intimidation, ranging from groupthink to isolation.
Ridicule is heaped upon anyone who fails to use the group's loaded language accurately, fails to wear the correct uniform, or display the right tattoos. The behaviors of the group are modeled by the leader.
Gangs in History
In Manchester, England, in the mid-19th century, gangs of youths called Scuttlers fought pitched battles against each other and the police. Serious injury was a normal hazard, and there were many deaths in these street fights. Up to 500 youths aged from 13 to 25 would use belt-buckles as flails and other weapons, causing serious damage to opponents.
These gangs echoed the earlier Roman gangs, who followed a particular chariot racing team, and regularly trashed parts of Rome. In the 1960s, Mods and Rockers battled on Brighton beach, on the South coast of England.
Tribes form around a leader whose word becomes law. Group rituals are practiced to unite the members – a sort of gangland team-building. Any account of the Hell's Angels details the vicious and misogynistic rites that allow initiates to rise through the ranks.
The Mafia have an elaborate code of honor – as do other criminal and anti-social gangs. This code is imposed as thought reform; failure to follow a rule induces guilt in the gang member. Gang members are conditioned to learn contempt for all outsiders.
Controlling Trade
Gangs are a significant problem: where they control trade, they are known as cartels. Pablo Escobar became one of the richest people in the world from cocaine trafficking: by the time he died, in 1993, he had accumulated over $30 billion. There are perhaps 35,000 members of the Crips or Bloods, two of the gangs who control the drug traffic of every major US city.
While some members seek out a gang because they are already suffering from an anti-social disorder, many are simply in the wrong place and are recruited and then trapped into a street or criminal gang.
Gangs seek only their own profit, making no claim to benefit society, they are otherwise like extremist and terrorist groups.
Marketing Cults: Dreams For Sale
Marketing cults are scams run by predatory people who prey on the desires of their victims using a mixture of charm and manipulation.
Marketing Cult Resources
ParentWatch, Inc. – for parents of youth trapped in door-to-door magazine sales
MagCrew – for youth trapped in door-to-door magazine sales
Traveling Sales Crews – for all kinds of traveling sales crew members needing help
MagCrew – for information about the world of door-to-door magazine sales
FTC Fraudwatch – the United States Government database on various fraudulent organizations
MLMWatch – a database exposing the tactics of Multi-Level-Marketing scams MLM Truth – guides and research into Multi-Level Marketing scams
Manipulative Marketing
Mass marketing scams have evolved at an alarming rate on the Internet. Advanced fee scams offer huge rewards for small investments. These marketing cults are sometimes called 419 scams, referring to the Nigerian Criminal Code section on fraud, because many scammers have pretended to have cash stuck in Nigerian banks.
Typically, a contact email will say that the sender needs help to unlock an inheritance, or that the recipient has won a lottery, but needs to make a registration payment. If a payment is made, there will be a request for a second payment. The requests will continue just as long as payments are made. Nothing will be given in return.
No Free Love Here
Sweetheart scams usually target older people with the offer of love from a younger, desirable person. The first approach may be an email saying that the author has seen the recipient's profile online and fallen in love. After a few exchanges – often boilerplate emails – there will be a request for funds: perhaps airfare to visit the victim, or an urgent need for medical assistance.
From Pyramid to Ponzi
Some scammers advertise high-quality merchandise at low prices, but then provide sub-standard goods; they may even send out debt collector's letters to victims when these are returned.
Pyramid schemes are illegal in most western countries, but versions still exist. In these, a great business opportunity is touted. Enthusiastic success stories are shared – often at cult-like meetings – and victims are persuaded to buy huge stocks of soap, kitchenware or jewelry that ends up filling the purchaser's garage.
In Ponzi schemes, money from new investors is used to pay dividends to earlier investors – until there is no new money.
Mag Crews - Legal Child Enslavement
"Mag crew", short for magazine sales crew is another form of marketing cult that preys on young adults just out of school. These companies sell magazines, toiletries, or other products door-to-door. Lured with promises of easy money and fun, victims are bullied into cheating customers with poor quality or even non-existent products. They survive appalling living conditions, and they can be exposed to drug addiction and beatings as a part of everyday life.
Most often, we are only give something for nothing by a marketer when the giver expects us to reciprocate. So, be suspicious of any offer of a free lunch (or a free personality test).
Family & One-on-one cults: The Guru in the Living Room?
Family and one-on-one cults are far more common than we think. In an intimate or family situation with someone controlling another individual with threats and putdowns, but often keeping them trapped with superficial charm, isolated by a web of lies and triangulation the victim is often oblivious to their entrapment.
Family & One-on-one Cult Resources (Domestic Abuse)
Child USA – help for abused children in the USA Childline UK – help for abused children in the UK
Domestic Violence Research – a database of research and information on domestic abuse
National Resource Center on Domestic Violence – a resource archive of information and research on domestic abuse
Family & Domestic Abuse
Families can turn into one-on-one cults, where one partner uses coercive control over the other partner, or even the whole family. The abusive partner will create petty rules that are impossible to keep. There will be a stream of criticisms: nothing will ever be good enough. At the same time, the predatory partner will fail in responsibilities to the family – pursuing some hobby or private entertainment, rather than offering support or attending to the family's needs.
Domestic violence can be a part of an abusive relationship, but it is the coercive control or undue influence that should be the focus, because domestic violence is a consequence, not the cause, of manipulation. This was recognized in the UK in 2015, with a new law regulating coercive and controlling behavior. Prison sentences have resulted from this legislation, which carries a maximum penalty of five years.
Your Partner as a Predator
In a coercive environment, victims are punished for any infraction of the stringent rules laid down by the manipulator; the hardest rules to follow are those that are never fully explained, or are made up on the spot, in order to reframe abuse into "correction". Family members are isolated from outside contact – forced to abandon friends and relatives. This practice of ostracism or "shunning" is fundamental to cultic behavior, and is a powerful form of emotional blackmail.
A predatory partner may also abuse children – whether as a parent, stepparent, or even foster-parent. Any such behavior should be reported to the police.
In the 1990s, the American Medical Association estimated that about one and a half million women seek treatment for domestic abuse every year (the problem is not confined to women – while most reported physical violence is perpetrated by men against women, we must not dismiss situations where men are assaulted or coercively controlled by women, or where domestic abuse occurs in same-sex partnerships). In the US, as many as 3000 murders a year are committed by partners as a consequence of coercive control.
Children are Easy Targets
Evan Stark reports that from 3.3 million to 10 million children are affected by domestic violence and abuse in the US, framing it as "domestic terrorism". Such violence is the largest category of police complaint in the US.
Parental alienation is another form of coercive control. It occurs when one parent has custody, and cuts a child off from the other parent without good reason. Typically this is most severe in high-conflict separated families. As adults, some children who were caught in parental conflict find it hard to form relationships.
Read about abusive relationships here.
Corporate Cults: Scammers, Inc.
Corporations vary, from being highly socially beneficial, to causing disaster for society and their own members. Corporate scams have happened in every generation since the first merchant corporations emerged.
Luring Shareholders
Shareholders have frequently been lured into paying money for nothing more than promises. In the early 18th century, the French economy was ruined by the Mississippi Bubble – basing its currency on the proposed profits of a settlement in Louisiana. To populate this settlement, prison inmates were released, married to prostitutes, and sent on to Louisiana, where they were abandoned, along with the dreams of the investors.
The South Sea Bubble burst in England at around the same time. In the 19th century, Oscar Wilde wrote about the Panama Canal bubble scandal, which happened years before a different corporation eventually built the canal.
Corporate Cults Exploiting People
Historical accounts show one sinister corporation after another exploiting people and natural resources. The larger corporations even rivaled governments in their power. The various East India companies – Dutch, French and British – plundered India, China and the Americas, oppressing the people they found there with their own fully equipped armies.
In India, slavery was maintained by the British through the system of "indentures". There are still about 13 million slaves in India at the time of writing, according to the UN.
In the 20th century, the Great Depression began with speculators pushing up the price of land, leading to a collapse when the banks could not recoup mortgage loans. The social and political fallout from this disaster was a significant cause of the Second World War.
One aspect of Globalization has been the creation of Special Economic Zones, where national laws are replaced by corporation laws. Many western corporations have taken advantage of cheap labor willing to work long hours in conditions that would not be accepted in any western country.
This exploitation is obvious for all to see, but many corporations also use innocuous-seeming "team-building" exercises that use behavioral training to make employees more compliant. Some of these training programs were taken directly from dangerous high-control groups using the controversial "large group awareness trainings".
This exemplifies an approach that pretends benefit for the individual, by promoting a false sense of community. Team-building experiences invariably feature trust exercises that make people less willing to assert themselves, by amplifying mindsets that foster groupthink and unthinking compliance.
Simple Deception
Deception is the simplest of all forms of manipulation, and basic to every scam used by corporate cults. The first deception is the notion that something is for your benefit. Ransomware in computers is a good analogy for this trick: if you buy the fix from a scamming on-line security company, they will put ransomware in your machine, and charge periodically to remove it (and install more).
Ethical Responsibility
Perhaps the biggest error is taking away responsibility for ethical behavior by making corporations legally liable to make money for shareholders and nothing else. Indeed, current legal constraints restrict benevolent action by corporations, while protecting those running them from prosecution for their unethical behavior.
Hedge funds, the Savings and Loan scandal, and corporations like Enron and Worldcom, squandered financial wealth and led to recession in our economies. Corporate cults are among the most successful, and the most dangerous, of all cults.
Internet Cults: Just a Click Away
On the Internet, predators roam free. They can lure victims and destroy lives through scams, bogus philosophies, and deliberate intimidation.
Predators find victims for sport or profit. They enjoy the thrill of manipulation. Trolls target vulnerable people with the intention of causing distress. Con artists offer riches from lottery wins or locked inheritances; they pose as desirable mates offering love to the lonely, or offer computer software to fix non-existent problems, while actually putting ransom-ware onto machines – the gift that keeps on taking, as any infected machine will need frequent – and costly – repair.
It is possible to buy bogus educational degrees, fake medicines and pseudo-scientific "technology" through the world-wide web. Some people have lost their life savings to these scams.
With the decline in street recruiting, many existing destructive cults have moved their seduction strategies onto the Web. Pseudo-religious, philosophical and educational cults thrive on the Internet. The International Cultic Studies Association posted this article – The internet as a new place for sects
Defooing - Departure from the Family of Origin
Freedomain Radio has been soundly criticized for its practice of "defooing", or departure from the family of origin, where followers cut all ties with their families. This use of ostracism, disconnection or shunning is a fundamental cultic behavior. Founder Stefan Molyneux's wife was sanctioned for recommending defooing to her therapy clients. While it is sensible to withdraw from an abusive relationship, Freedomain Radio seems to insist that all parental relationships are damaging.
Children Are at Risk
Internet predators groom children for pedophile relationships or even trafficking and murder. In recent years, investigations around the world have implicated politicians and celebrities as members of pedophile rings. These scandals have shaken the Catholic Church, the Methodist Church and the Jehovah's Witnesses. Children's homes have been implicated, and police enquiries in the Australia, the UK and the US show that organized pedophilia has eluded detection for decades.
Pedophile grooming has moved to the Dark Internet; the Dark Net is rife with pedophile rings, trading child pornography, and sharing methods of manipulation to lure unsuspecting children into immoral and illegal sexual relationships, complete with sites featuring "how to" manuals.
Suicide Grooming
Suicide grooming is another predatory activity found on the Internet. Predatory websites encourage young people to confide their unhappiness online. They are then manipulated by predators into taking their own lives. In 2008, The Independent newspaper reported the deaths of seven young friends in South Wales. They had been persuaded to end their lives, so that memorial websites could be set up for them. Police fear internet cult inspires teen suicides
As crime moves to the Internet, a new world is coming into being. We must be watchful and develop approaches that protect the vulnerable from Internet cults and exploitation.
Education Cults: Education as Domination
Education cults take over their members' lives with the pretense that they are helping them to gain an education. Often disguised as speed-reading, memory enhancement or even philosophy courses, they claim to have perfected the "technology" of study.
Teaching Fads for Control and Profit
Educational fads easily become cults that take over their members' lives. They can be teaching study skills, philosophical or religious ideas, or even martial arts.
Some groups offer educational therapies for those with severe communication difficulties, or who have been diagnosed on the autistic spectrum. Facilitated Communication was devised by an Australian teacher and spread by an institute in New York. It claims to produce "unexpected literacy" in previously uncommunicative people. Practitioners guide the hand of the subject to spell out answers in a technique that is prone to the same subconscious responses as Spiritualist Ouija board readings.
The London based School of Economic Science recruits with posters claiming to teach methods of philosophical enquiry. In fact, it teaches a version of Hindu philosophy allied with a series of questionable meditation techniques (called "The Exercise"). It draws upon the same teachings as the Transcendental Meditation cult.
Scientology's Ron Hubbard made many claims for his "Study Technology", none of which are supported by scientific studies or independent scrutiny. He said that simply by clarifying "misunderstood words" it would be possible to achieve the benefits of earlier education that had not registered. He made claims of "super-literacy" based upon his teachings.
Several cult groups have established their own universities in the US, including TM's Maharishi University, the Moonies' University of Bridgeport and Soka Gakkai's Soka University in California.
Brat Camps
Among the worst abuses in education are the controversial "brat camps" for difficult adolescents. With their parents' consent – and payment – students can be forcibly taken to isolated camps, where they are subjected to humiliating treatment in the attempt to break and tame them. Some of these programs are run by former US Marines. These programs should not be confused with legitimate schemes that engage adolescents in outdoor activity, such as the UK's Duke of Edinburgh Awards Scheme.
Manipulating Sexual Orientation
Another shocking use of manipulative techniques in an educational context exists in Christian groups that seek to change gay people's sexual orientation. In the UK, this practice has been condemned by the National Health Service and the Council for Psychotherapy.
While most health professionals no longer consider homosexuality a disease (as medical manuals used to insist), there are still a few psychiatrists who try to change sexual orientation. The National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality offers such programs.
In 2000, current vice-president Mike Pence suggested that tax dollars be used to establish "conversion programs" for people who wished to change their sexual orientation.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
All educational programs should conform with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The materials taught should be accurate and verifiable, without recourse to unsubstantiated cultic views. Students should not be restricted in their access to materials – information control is a significant aspect of cult practice. Students should not be bullied or humiliated, and must have the right to communicate freely about their ideas and concerns, which is not the case in a cultic setting. Education should encourage intelligent disobedience, rather than unthinking compliance.
Therapy Cults: Hypocritical Oath
Therapy cults are fronted by predatory individuals masquerade as counselors and psychotherapists who dominate, manipulate & control their clients. There have been numerous cases of sexual and financial abuse by supposed therapists.
Therapist or Charlatan?
A 1990 survey of more than 8000 certified therapists and patients showed that ten per cent of therapists admitted sexual contact with their patients, even though such contact is prohibited by law in certain states in the US.
Therapists who molest patients inevitably do far more harm than good. There is never any excuse for sexual contact with a therapy client, or any other form of exploitation. An ethical therapist will not accept gifts or ask for favors of any kind. Any unethical conduct should be reported to the relevant professional association and legal advice should be taken. By reporting, you will protect others from abuse.
Psychotherapy cults have spread around the globe and attracted millions of followers. They make outlandish claims to cure serious medical conditions, including cancer and AIDs, insisting that these are "psychosomatic" in origin.
Fake Therapy is Harmful
At worst, fake psychotherapy can be deeply harmful, creating the same dependency as any other cultic system, and making the client's problems worse.
Such therapies are practiced by both cranks and charlatans. Cranks believe their unsubstantiated claims, which are based upon their own experience and opinion. Charlatans are predators, looking to make easy money and manipulate vulnerable people, though some predators come to believe their own cranky ideas.
Therapy cults can overlap into religious beliefs – as they are unable to provide any scientific proof for their claims. There are groups that practice "past life" therapy, and others that focus on belief in UFOs and alien abduction. There are even "future life" therapies.
Followers of Wilhelm Reich practice "orgone therapy", believing in an intangible energy that can be "accumulated" with the aid all sorts of objects and items of clothing, sold online by both cranks and charlatans online.
In the heyday of the 1970s, there were hundreds of therapy cults based upon the idea that birth could be re-experienced, and believers could be "re-parented" to maturity. Some followers were put into diapers or breast-fed by therapists as part of this bizarre process.
In "scream" therapies, clients are encouraged to express rage through screaming and physical aggression. This can actually heighten aggressive responses, rather than venting them, and if done without proper vocal control, can lead to damage of the vocal folds.
Hypnotic techniques that create euphoria or "reverie" states are frequently promoted and sold. Ethical hypnotherapists understand that their patients can easily accept suggestions and are careful to avoid this. Cranks and charlatans use guided imagination, visualization and hypnosis to convince clients of their own pet theories.
Among New Age beliefs, we find practices ranging from crystal healing and color therapy to magical spells and talismans.
Large group awareness trainings have been with us since the '60s and should be treated with caution, as they can bring about severely negative reactions.
Check Credentials!
It is important to check a therapist's credentials – it is easy to have a certificate printed with an embossed gold seal. Be warned that predators can also obtain proper certification. Check the Internet and contact a professional organization if you have any doubts.
As Singer and Lalich advise in Crazy Therapies, "If something about your interaction with a therapist or counselor doesn't seem right, trust your gut instincts and go on out the door."
Political Cults: Manipulation of the People for the People
Dangerous political groups use the dynamics of cults to manipulate and control their followers. Fervent members become willing to commit anti-social acts on behalf of the group: disaster often ensues.
Political Cults of the 20th Century
The rise of fascism in Europe in the 20th century shows just how deadly political cults can be. Mussolini, Hitler and Franco entranced their followers and caused a global conflict. In Japan, the mixture of Soldier Zen and emperor worship stoked the flames of this conflict.
As fascist cults took over in central Europe, Russia fell under the sway of the Bolsheviks, who seized power from the existing socialist government. Despite his pretense of communist belief, Stalin completely subverted democracy, plunging Russia and its satellite states into decades of totalitarian rule.
On the Right
Today, at the right-wing end of the spectrum is the LaRouche Movement. Lyndon LaRouche is an American-born conspiracy theorist who was jailed for mail fraud in the 1980s. It was alleged that his organization had defrauded many elderly people through credit card fraud. Espousing an extreme conservative platform, he was a presidential candidate in every election from 1976 to 2004.
There are many political parties in Europe with a right-wing tendency. In Britain, the National Front morphed into the British Nationalist Party with a significant skinhead following.
In North America, White Supremacists and some Survivalist and Sovereign Citizen groups have the dynamics of political cults with unswerving dedication to a leader and a hateful attitude towards outsiders. Such groups include 'Identity Christians' who are strongly racist and other conspiracy cults.
On the Left
Left-wing cults are almost identical in behavior to right-wing cults. In the desire for complete democracy, members fall in line behind an autocratic leader. In Bounded Choice, Janja Lalich gives an excellent description of her time in Marlene Dixon's Democratic Workers Party. Alex Stein's Inside Out details her involvement with The O, another left-wing group that became totalitarian.
Radical Political Cults
North Korea is a political cult ruled for over 60 years by the Kim family. Because it has nuclear weapons, this totalitarian state poses a threat to all humanity, and keeps its 25 million citizens in a constant state of fear and subservience.
Daesh or 'Islamic State' is a political cult that has grown out of radical Islamism – a fusion of fundamentalist Wahhabi or Salafi religious belief with revolutionary communist strategies. Al Qaeda grew from the same beliefs and methods.
Political cults bring together the worst forms of manipulation, and can lead whole populations to hatred and even mass murder.
Exploitation in the Name of God
At the fringes of every religious tradition, there are cults that manipulate their members deliberately to keep them in subservience. Freedom of religion is a fundamental human right, but many groups have abused this freedom to exploit their followers.
Religious Cults Resources
Assistance Organizations
Dialogue Centre UK
Freedom of Mind
ICSA
Infosecte International
Meadowhaven Retreat
reFocus Safe Passage Foundation
Wellspring Retreat
Informational Sites
Cult Recover.com
Cult News 101
Cult Group Specialists
Rachel Bernstein
Caroline Giambalvo
Bill and Lorna Goldberg
Steven Hassan
Rosanne Henry
Christian Szurko – dcuk.tomf@gmail.com
Surviror networking
Cult Survivors Network
Why Religion?
The Dalai Lama has said, "The whole purpose of religion is to facilitate love and compassion, patience, tolerance, humility, forgiveness." The leaders of every decent, life-affirming group would surely agree with these sentiments, but many predators use the cloak of religion to isolate their members from the world, and subject them to inhumane treatment.
In some groups, there are inner and outer members, with only the inner members suffering significant indignities. A traditional religion, when displaced, can become a dangerous cult – so the Krishnas were founded by a well-meaning Indian guru, but their practices are completely foreign to modern western society.
Some practices that heighten compliance are used in religious groups. Contemporary medical advice would not advise limiting sleep to four hours a night, but for some groups this is considered normal. High carbohydrate diets are not recommended either, or long periods of fasting (though brief fasts can be beneficial).
Meditation techniques can heighten compliance, as can group singing, chanting or dancing, or the rocking back and forth of "davening". The use of such techniques does not mean that a group is a destructive cult, but it is sensible to understand the physiological nature and effects of these techniques, rather than attributing any results to supernatural intervention or the superhuman insight of a teacher.
Extreme Religion
Destructive religious cults come in all sizes – from the one-on-one relationship, to those with millions of members. At worst, a destructive cult can take over a nation, and oppress and even murder disbelievers for their failure to accept eccentric laws of conduct and belief.
At the extreme, religious cults turn to terrorism. There are far right Hindu groups, armed Buddhist monks, and Islamist terrorists, who interweave religious doctrine with extremist views, and rouse fervor using manipulative techniques. In 2000, leaders of the Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God murdered more than 500 followers.
Religious cults can also become political. Core Nazis believed in a thousand-year Reich, embodied in a fusion of magical and political ideas. The techniques are the same, but the beliefs can vary significantly – except for the conviction that the leader is always right.
In the West, most of our religious cults have a Christian foundation. There are almost 200 sects of Latter-Day Saints – or Mormons – some are murderous cults, others are more socially integrated and relatively benign, or at least not actively harmful.
The Jehovah's Witnesses joined behind a prophecy that the great battle of Armageddon – the war to end all wars – was about the happen. The first prophesied date was over a century ago, but, despite many failed predictions, the group has grown to an international membership of millions, and is accepted by misinformed members of the general public as a "regular" denomination.
Don't Abuse the Believers
At Open Minds, we support freedom of belief, but oppose the freedom to abuse believers. Religious status is no guarantee of ethical conduct.
Any group that attacks disbelievers or violates the rights of its members should be treated as a totalist cult. The leaders should be brought to justice and the followers helped to regain their independence.
Posts about Religious Cults
Critical thinking: a practical group exercise for the classroom
Coercion at its Worst: Religious Mandated SHUNNING
What is confirmation bias?
Manipulation of the People for the People
Hypocritical Oath


I worked in the small tourist town of Yarmouth in Cape Cod. The city is tourist, but mostly for families and pensioners. It's pretty calm, there's not a lot of nightlife, but there are a lot of students so that something can always be organized.Nature and beaches are beautiful, and the little town of Hajanis is 10 minutes away, so there you can go to shopping and clubs. Also, if you are in Yarmouth, a bike is must have because there is no city transport, and probably jobs will be at least a 10 minute drive away. There are many opportunities for another job, but it should start as soon as possible, because in the middle of the season everything will be occupied, and employers will not employ J1 students. I was accommodated in a motel where 200 J1 students were mixed, so it was always interesting, for a minute were 7-eleven, CVS, Dunkin Donuts, Dollar General, which is great for us because everything was pretty cheap here, and we could take everything we needed.
Red Jacket is one wonderful working environment for which I have no bad word to say, from the ambience to the whole collective. I worked as a server in the dining room and a cocktail server at the beach and hotel's swimming pool, and in the end I worked as a bartender. I didn't have any problems with the managers, whenever there was a problem with the guests would always stand on our side. Employers have always tried to honor the number of hours worked in the contract, but overtime was not allowed. There were frequent weddings and similar events in this hotel, so I worked on such things, which was very interesting. All in all, I am very pleased with Red Jacket and I recommend it to everyone.
This review represents personal opinion of Mirjana who was participating Work & Travel program in year of 2017 with agency Inspirit, working at Red Jacket in Cape Cod, MA.
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Ethnos is led by a team of diverse people from various ethnic, educational, and economic backgrounds. While many individuals are involved in serving and leading, the following individuals play key roles within the Ethnos community.
Administration & Youth Ministry, Staff Intern: Olivia Ajiake. Olivia hails from Northern California, but has made New Jersey her home now for over four years. A MSW student at Rutgers, Olivia is known for her insight into issues of race, identity, and Jesus. While in undergrad, she started Intervarsity's Black Campus Ministry at Rutgers New Brunswick. Her passion for the holistic well being of New Brunswick is clear to all who meet her.
Latino & Youth Ministry, Staff Intern: Wanda Quintanilla Duran. Wanda migrated to the United States from Honduras at the age of 11 to be reunited with her parents in Egg Harbor Township, NJ. At age 18, she moved to New Brunswick to attend Rutgers University. There, she received bachelor degrees in Linguistics, Spanish, and Latin American Studies, and also met Jesus. She is known for her compassion and bridge-building abilities, along with her insight and hard work. Her ability to reach deep into the Latino families in our city is transformative. Wanda is also the director of D.I.R.E. in our area.
Music Director in Development: Jackson Vale. Jackson hails from Brazil, with work experiences in Venezuela and Curaçao. Involved in music since his teenage years, Jackson brings energy, musicality, and fun into the arts at Ethnos. He is married with two young girls.
Church Planting Resident: Rev. Yung Kim. Known for his gentle and caring demeanor, Yung has over 20 years of ministry experience. Having previously pioneered work in Korean American circles, he joins Ethnos in order to live out the multiethnic vision God has given him since the beginning. With childhood experiences in Latin America and New York, a Korean/Argentinian/American wife, and three children growing up in multiethnic Middlesex county, Yung is eager to learn in New Brunswick and plant a new community after the residency program. Yung has degrees from NYU (B.A. Business) and Gordon-Conwell (M.Div.) and enjoys cycling in his free time.
Director, Pastor: Rev. Dr. Yucan Chiu. D.Min. Born in Chicago to parents of Chinese descent, Yucan came to understand and experience Jesus in his teenage years while in California, and began to help create and lead communities in his early 20s. He holds bachelor degrees in Sociology and Biology (University of California, San Diego), and graduate degrees in Theology, Urban Studies, and Missiology (M.Div, Talbot School of Theology, D.Min. Bakke Graduate University). He has been married for over 16 years with Yen-Yen (an educator in the public schools), and has two daughters that go to public schools in the area. Yucan also serves as a chaplain at Rutgers University (for graduate students and faculty), a trainer for City to City, and the Director for www.ethnos.network.
Ethnos currently has four elders who give overall oversight and direction to our community: Curtis Johnson, Dominik Loeffler, Ruth Loeffler, and Yucan Chiu.