text:
IntelliSmart inks pact with Infosys to develop digital platform for discoms
GE Wants to Build Virtual Power Plants Using Blockchain
November 1, 2018 Anand Gupta 0
November 1, 2018 Anand Gupta
LNG sales take $12.6b hit despite record exports
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EV Battery Company Gegadyne Raises $5 Mn From V-Guard
EQ Webinar on Gujarat Small Scale Distributed Solar Projects Policy & New Solar Policy 2021 on Monday January 25th from 04:00 PM Onwards....Register Now !!!
Distributed ledger technology could be integrated into GE's Predix platform.
GE is investigatingblockchainto potentially incorporate the technology into a virtual power plant offering, likely delivered via the company's Predix platform.
Steven Martin, GE Power's chief digital officer, told GTM the move was in response to a general trend away from large central generating plants and toward distributed generation. GE has traditionally had limited exposure to this area.
"With the move toward distributed, the types of plants that are of interest in different parts of the world seem to be changing," Martin said. "There's interest in more medium-sized, more throttle-able plants. There's also interest in front-ending those plants with energy storage."
GE was increasingly being asked about plants with shared ownership structures or, at the other end of the scale, aggregated assets coordinated to work in unison, Martin explained.
In October, GE Power Digital joined a study to evaluate the use of blockchain technology for energy industry applications.
The study, launched by the German energy agency (Deutsche Energie-Agentur or Dena), will investigate whether blockchain applications can be operated economically and reliably in energy industry use cases, GE said in a press release.
The results of the study, which will cover asset management, data management, market communication, energy trading, and financing and tokenization use cases, are due to be published in spring 2019.
Alongside GE, other organizations taking part in the study include Siemens and a range of European energy companies, such as Verbund of Austria, BKW of Switzerland and EnBW of Germany, as well as the German Hochschule Fresenius University of Applied Sciences.
Martin said information stored on blockchain could help virtual power plant operators meet market demands more accurately.
Although GE is thought to be looking at various blockchain technology options for the project, the most obvious choice for the company will be a version of IBM's Hyperledger framework, which has already been implemented on the Predix industrial internet platform.
GE offers Predix as an on-premise or cloud-based system, but the software can also run on the edge of networks, a potentially useful feature for distributed energy applications.
Martin said one of the aims of the blockchain work at GE would be to make sure the technology could operate at a level of aggregation "that the market needs and the market wants," rather than being limited by current blockchain capabilities.
"I think we're about to conduct a very large experiment on what could end up being the world's largest distributed computing application," Martin said.
GE's interest in blockchain is shared by a growing number of large power-sector players. Recent months have seen a series of energy blockchain partnerships, from Engie working with Iota to BYD and DNV GL collaborating with VeChain.
GE may have a particular motivation for jumping on the bandwagon, though. Historically the company has operated at the large infrastructure end of the power sector, delivering products such as gas plants and wind turbines.
Some of these segments, particularly relating to thermal generation, are now under threat. Gas peaker plants, for example, face increasing competition from wind and solar-plus-storage. "The world is moving to a distributed energy generation paradigm," Martin admitted.
GE barely has a presence in the distributed energy market. What it does have, though, is significant software and industrial systems expertise, principally developed for the management of large power plants.
The company hopes to use this expertise to offer its customers a virtual version of the large power plants of yesterday, tying distributed, non-proprietary assets together into a virtual power plant.
"The pilot work we're doing now is multi-vendor, multi-hardware," said Martin.
Blockchain will help manage data from a heterogeneous array of devices, he said. In parallel, GE is working on an industry standard to allow devices on an energy network to record their state, capacity and throttling ability.
"This is done on a vendor-by-vendor basis, and getting some amount of consistency there will allow us to manage those devices in a smart way as well as ensure that we're transacting energy to and from them in an appropriate way," said Martin.
Source: greentechmedia
tags: GE Wants to Build Virtual Power Plants Using Blockchain
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Join us Thursday September 13 for REACH for the Stars, a fun filled evening of music and philanthropy! Enjoy live entertainment by Smith & Wesley, Banks & Shane and Dallas Davidson and his All Star Nashville Band all set along the beautiful waters of Lake Lanier. 100% of ticket sales will be donated to REACH (Realizing Educational Achievement Can Happen), a statewide needs-based mentorship and scholarship program. The event will also honor Governor Nathan Deal and First Lady Sandra Deal for their service to the great state of Georgia as well as their involvement in the REACH scholarship program. This fun night, for a great cause will be held a Lanier Islands Peachtree Pointe Amphitheater and will begin at 7PM.
Since taking office in 2011, Gov. Nathan Deal has made investment in education a top priority for his administration. To strengthen the workforce pipeline that runs from the classroom to the job market, Gov. Deal has dedicated more than 50 percent of state funds to education every year he's been in office and devoted a higher percentage of the budget to K-12 funding than any governor in the past 50 years. This year, Gov. Deal worked with the General Assembly to fully fund the Quality Basic Education (QBE) formula for K-12 education.
In 2012, Governor Deal established the REACH Georgia Scholarship, a needs-based mentorship and scholarship program designed to encourage students, starting in middle school, to persist in their educational pursuits. Students in the program are provided with the academic, social and financial support needed to graduate from high school, access college, achieve postsecondary success and be prepared for the 21st-century Georgia workforce.
Hailing from North GA/Chattanooga TN. area, Smith & Wesley has taken Country music by storm. Two Top 30 singles, You're The One and SweetLife from their debut album Choices & Chances and singles The Little Things and SUPERMAN For a Day from their 2018 sophomore album, Smith & Wesley has became a force to be reckoned with.
Banks & Shane is a high-energy, hard-kicking, blow-the-roof off band that has had capacity crowds around the world dancing in the aisles to party favorites and reminiscing with memorable ballads. No matter what age, Banks & Shane transports fans back to Spring Break. This world renowned band has played with and opened for some of the biggest acts in history.
Banks & Shane is "Atlanta's Entertainment Tradition," combining exceptional talent, consummate showmanship and professionalism, and over forty years of experience.
Dallas Davidson is known for his many contributions to country music, including 22 No. 1 songs penned for today's biggest stars like Luke Bryanand Blake Shelton. But like most country boys born after 1970, Davidson loves three kinds of music – country, classic rock and hip-hop – and knows how to merge the three to create something that only a country boy can.
Come to Lanier Islands for an evening of music and philanthropy! This package includes a room for the evening of Thursday, September 13th, as well as two lawn tickets to the REACH for the Stars Benefit Concert at Peachtree Pointe, and buffet breakfast for two the next morning. After the benefit concert, stay the night with us in the Lodge, Villas, or a Lakehouse, and enjoy buffet breakfast for two guests the following morning in Sidney's.
Rate begins at $239 for Legacy Lodge, which includes two lawn tickets to the benefit concert and buffet breakfast for two.


We really like this park. The people and the chicken fried steak are wonderful. Our dogs loved the park.
This is a wonderful park - not fancy, but good. The people are friendly and very accommodating. Got us an easy in, easy out spot. We had a great dinner at the cafe. The dog park is awesome. It's huge! No trees, but you can easily go there in the evening after the weather cool, because it's got lights. I don't five stars easily, but this campground earned them all.
Don't go into Fort Stockton, stop at this RV park. Very nice place for this area.
Stayed 2 nights, level site, pull through, FHP, quiet, only reason for 4 stars-no laundry. They have a cafe for breakfast & dinner, didn't try it. Good Sam discount rate.
We drove right by this on our first pass through Ft Stockton. After seeing a couple of other RV campgrounds, we turned around and went back to this one. So glad we did!!! GREAT, friendly staff; welcoming; found us a good pull-through site. We had a fabulous view of the sunset tonight. Easy hook-ups. Went to eat dinner in their cafe - terrific food!! And reasonably priced. I had fried catfish with some fries and hush puppies, with a biscuit. My hubby had grilled catfish, green beans and the hush puppies, and chocolate ice cream for dessert. Very enjoyable, pleasant place to eat and stay. Gravel sites, with trees, etc. Would definitely stay here again on our way through!!
Was wondering where we were going to spend the night and lucked out and found an app that found us this place. The people were very friendly and the food was good in their little cafe. It was like a little Oasis in the middle of nowhere and the price was good. The price shown includes tax.
This is a former KOA on I-10 just east of town. Easy on and off the highway and road noise was not noticeable (we were in site 6). Yes, the park has some cats but they are skittish not wild. There was a dog sleeping in the office when we checked in. Apparently they love their pets and provide for ours, too. Large fenced doggy area. Pool looked fine but no one in it due to outside temps in the sixties. Playground for the kids and large grassy area to run around or toss a Frisbee. People were very friendly. The cafe was closed and the staff served us free pizza and drinks at 5:30. So nice not to have to cook and clean up or go back into town to eat even if it was only carry out pizza. We stayed in a 36' motor home and did not have to unhook our small car.
We got their early to get a good spot. NOT! They put us in a drive thru right on the road, even though there were plenty of spaces. Between 5-6 both morning and evening service trucks and pickups started coming and going. Very noisy!! We hadn't got a neighbor until about 8: pm so the pickups used the space next to us as a short cut pass thru. It was very unpleasant trying to sit out plus the concrete pad was pretty broken up and a mess too. I would not recommend this place!!
This is an old KOA that has expanded explosively with the oil boom in West Texas and Eastern New Mexico.
There have been two additions to the park that still look like a work in progress though occupied. There are a lot of oil field workers and other long term or permanent residents here, maybe close to half. Their sites are not overtly messy but contain the clutter that is associated with long term trailer living when your "stuff" won't fit inside. We also saw feral cats and many dogs that might have been barred at other parks. Just a lot of growth that happened very fast. I guess control will have to catch up.
Travelers are put in what was the old KOA park of the park, so there are trees and some grass between the sites.
The interior roads used to be blacktop but most of the asphalt is gone leaving just the gravel aggregate behind. There are many potholes. The sites are long enough for most rv's with a tow, we didn't unhook. The sites are old gravel with utilities placed close enough. Sites are close but not unlike many parks; there is a picnic table and a bit of grass lawn at each site. There is a large fenced dog park.
The Wi-fi worked well for us and was consistent all day. Cable tv was good also.
The park is generally maintained and certainly not dirty or junky, but there seems to be a lack of attention. Just not really up to par. The park looks old and tired, but is certainly serviceable.
There are two bathroom locations: one at the office and a free-standing bathroom/shower building out on the grounds. Both are clean and comfortable. We used the building in the park and found it to be clean, but in need of minor repairs or replacement of small missing or broken items. Again just a matter of keeping up with a lot of traffic. There is also a laundry that was workable even though a couple of machines were down.
Everyone mentions the cafe'. It is nice with good home style food.


When Grandma gives you a lemon tree, definitely don't make a face! Care for the tree, and you might be surprised at how new things, and new ideas, bloom.
Jamie L. B. Deenihan is a teacher and picture book author who lives with her husband and two children in Suffield, Connecticut. When Grandma Gives You a Lemon Tree is her first picture book.


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text:
Q: com.datastax.driver.core.exceptions.CodecNotFoundException: Codec not found for requested operation: [int <-> java.lang.Long] Wrote this simple Phantom DSL code
case class FooRow(id: Long, dt: DateTime, et: Long, rid: Option[Long], d: Option[String] = None)
class FooTable extends CassandraTable[FooTable, FooRow] {
   object id extends LongColumn(this) with PartitionKey[Long]
   object dt extends DateTimeColumn(this) with PartitionKey[DateTime]
   object et extends LongColumn(this) with PartitionKey[Long]
   object rid extends OptionalLongColumn(this)
   object d extends OptionalStringColumn(this)
   override def fromRow(r: Row): FooRow = {
      FooRow(
         id(r),
         dt(r),
         et(r),
         rid(r),
         d(r)
      )
   }
}

When I try to insert a row. using this code
   def put(data: FooRow) : ResultSet = {
      val query = insert
         .value(_.id, data.id)
         .value(_.dt, data.dt)
         .value(_.rid, data.rid)
         .value(_.d, data.d)
         .value(_.et, data.et)
      query.consistencyLevel_=(ConsistencyLevel.QUORUM)
      Await.result(query.future(), awaitConfiguration.awaitTimeoutValue seconds)
   }

I get an error
[info] - should be able to retrieve all history records by respondent id *** FAILED ***
[info]   com.datastax.driver.core.exceptions.CodecNotFoundException: Codec not found for requested operation: [int <-> java.lang.Long]
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.notFound(CodecRegistry.java:679)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.createCodec(CodecRegistry.java:526)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.findCodec(CodecRegistry.java:506)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.access$200(CodecRegistry.java:140)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry$TypeCodecCacheLoader.load(CodecRegistry.java:211)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry$TypeCodecCacheLoader.load(CodecRegistry.java:208)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache$LoadingValueReference.loadFuture(LocalCache.java:3542)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache$Segment.loadSync(LocalCache.java:2323)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache$Segment.lockedGetOrLoad(LocalCache.java:2286)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache$Segment.get(LocalCache.java:2201)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache.get(LocalCache.java:3953)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache.getOrLoad(LocalCache.java:3957)
[info]   at com.google.common.cache.LocalCache$LocalLoadingCache.get(LocalCache.java:4875)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.lookupCodec(CodecRegistry.java:480)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.codecFor(CodecRegistry.java:448)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.CodecRegistry.codecFor(CodecRegistry.java:430)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.AbstractGettableByIndexData.codecFor(AbstractGettableByIndexData.java:69)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.AbstractGettableByIndexData.getLong(AbstractGettableByIndexData.java:152)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.AbstractGettableData.getLong(AbstractGettableData.java:26)
[info]   at com.datastax.driver.core.AbstractGettableData.getLong(AbstractGettableData.java:95)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.builder.primitives.DefaultPrimitives$LongPrimitive$$anonfun$fromRow$7.apply(Primitive.scala:187)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.builder.primitives.DefaultPrimitives$LongPrimitive$$anonfun$fromRow$7.apply(Primitive.scala:187)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.builder.primitives.Primitive$$anonfun$nullCheck$1.apply(Primitive.scala:69)
[info]   at scala.util.Try$.apply(Try.scala:192)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.builder.primitives.Primitive.nullCheck(Primitive.scala:69)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.builder.primitives.DefaultPrimitives$LongPrimitive$.fromRow(Primitive.scala:187)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.column.PrimitiveColumn.optional(PrimitiveColumn.scala:52)
[info]   at com.websudos.phantom.column.Column.apply(Column.scala:42)
[info]   at com.abhi.FooTable.fromRow(FooService.scala:27)

The most confusing thing is that if you look at the code above, here is absolutely no Int anywhere.
as per the stacktrack the error is occurring at the line
et(r),

A: The only thing I can think of is that your Cassandra schema was not created with phantom and that in your DB the types of the columns differ from what phantom infers as valid.
Both long and datetime columns in phantom get translated to bigint type in Cassandra, so you need to make sure that the schema in your DB matches that. It sounds to me like the one of your DB columns is int instead of long, so when the driver tries to parse records it blows up. This also means you are not used automated schema generation, which phantom can do out of the box. Read this for more details.
Also, off topic, in more recent versions of phantom, both the fromRow and put method are macro derived, so you don't actually need to type them manually. So in phantom 2.7.3 I'd expect your code to look like this:
import com.outworkers.phantom.dsl._

case class FooRow(
  id: Long,
  dt: DateTime,
  et: Long,
  rid: Option[Long],
  d: Option[String] = None
)

abstract class FooTable extends CassandraTable[FooTable, FooRow] with RootConnector {
   object id extends LongColumn(this) with PartitionKey
   object dt extends DateTimeColumn(this) with PartitionKey
   object et extends LongColumn(this) with PartitionKey
   object rid extends OptionalLongColumn(this)
   object d extends OptionalStringColumn(this)

   def put(data: FooRow): ResultSet = {

     Await.result(
       store(data).consistencyLevel_=(ConsistencyLevel.QUORUM).future(),
       awaitConfiguration.awaitTimeoutValue seconds
     )

   }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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5 Day Trip
Nashik - Shirdi - Ajanta - Ellora - Aurangabad
5 DAY TRIP FROM MUMBAI | NASHIK - SHIRDI - AJANTA - ELLORA - AURANGABAD
Pilgrimage | Historical & Heritage
Request QuoteBook Now
This trip demands considerable trekking / walking
Trip Starting Point
Bangalore City Jn Station
Driving Mode
5 Day Trip from Mumbai : Nashik Shirdi - Ajanta - Ellora - Aurangabad Tour
DAY 1 : TRAVEL TO NASHIK & NASHIK SIGHTSEEING
DAY 2 : SHIRDI SIGHTSEEING & TRAVEL TO AURANGABAD
DAY 3 : VISIT AJANTA & TRAVEL TO AURANGABAD
DAY 4 : VISIT ELLORA CAVES
DAY 5 : AURANGABAD SIGHTSEEING & TRAVEL TO MUMBAI
Trip Starts From: Mumbai
Mode of Travel: Car (or Cab)
Trip Ends At: Mumbai
Total Places Visited: 13
Trip Starting Point: Mumbai City
Total Distance (round trip): 1200 km
Travel Time (round trip): 20 Hr
Trip Duration: 5 Days
Ideal Start Time: 6 AM:8 AM:9 AM:9 AM:9 AM
Sightseeing Time: %%Itinerary_Sightseeing_Time%%
Day 1 Destinations | Day 2 Destinations
Day 1 & Day 2 Destinations
Day 1 Attractions | Day 2 Attractions
Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3
Travel from Mumbai to Nashik
Muktidham Mandir
Duration of visit: 30 Mins
Timings: 6 AM to 7 PM
Entry Fee: Free Entry
At a distance of 9 km from Nashik Central Bus Station, Muktidham is a marble temple complex located at Deolali Gaon on the suburbs of Nashik. It is one of the popular tourist attractions in the city of Nashik.
Muktidham Temple complex was built by Late Sri JayramBhai Bytco in 1971. An abode of most of the gods and goddesses of the Hindu religion, this splendid shrine displays the replica of all the 12 Jyotirlingas of India. It is believed that a holy darshan of this shrine provides as much virtue as a visit to four holy places, which makes this magnificent shrine a crowded pilgrim center.
It is a magnificent piece of architecture, made with white marble from Makran in Rajasthan. There is a temple dedicated to Lord Krishna in the Muktidham complex. The walls of Krishna temple have paintings depicting scenes from life of Krishna and Mahabharata. These were painted by a noted painter Raghubir Mulgaonkar. Unique to this temple are eighteen chapters of Bhagavad-Gita written on the .....
Ram Kund
Timings: 24 Hours
At a distance of 2 km from Nashik Central Bus Station, Ramkund is the most important sacred bathing tank in Panchavati area of Nashik City. This is one of the popular Nashik tourist places to visit during Kumbh Mela.
Ram Kund, measuring 27 x 12 sq. m was built by Chitrarao Khatarkar in 1696 AD. According to the legend, this sacred bathing tank on the bank of river Godavari is believed to be the spot where lord Rama had taken his bath during their exile. It is also said that the Lord Rama have performed his father's funeral rites in this Kund and hence Ram Kund is also known as Asthi Vilaya Tirtha (Bone Immersion Tank).
Ram Kund is a holy place for Hindus. Devotees believe that a dip in this tank will fulfill their wishes and also free from their sins. There is a popular belief that salvation to the soul of the dead person is easily achieved by immersing their ashes in the holy waters of this tank. Ashes of prominent personalities like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira .....
Sita Gufaa / Sita Gumpha
Timings: 6 AM - 9 PM
At a distance of 2.7 km from Nashik Central Bus Station, Sita Gumpha or Sita Gufaa is situated near Kalaram Temple in Panchavati area of Nashik. It is one of the top pilgrimage places to visit in Nashik.
Sita Gumpha is believed to be the place where Sita worshipped Lord Shiva during their exile. The cave, containing the idols of Lord Ram, Sita and Lakshmana, can be accessible only through the help of a narrow staircase. The ancient Shivlinga still exists in the cave and is visited by large number of devotees every day. Devotees believed to be the place where Ravana, the demon king of Lanka, abducted Sita.
Outside the cave is a large grove of 5 very old Banyan trees, after which the area is named, Panchavati means 'a garden of five banyan trees'. These trees are said to have been there during the exile of Lord Rama. There is a place called Tapovan where Lakshmana, the brother of Rama, cut off the nose of Surpanakha, the sister of Ravana. The entire Aranya Kanda of Ramayana is .....
Trimbakeshwar / Tryambakeswar
Duration of visit: 2 Hours
Timings: 5.30 AM - 9 PM
At a distance of 28 km from Nashik, Trimbakeshwar or Tryambakeswar is a small pilgrimage town located on the banks of River Godavari at the foothills of Brahmagiri Mountains in Nasik district of Maharashtra. Trimbakeshwar is famous for Trimbakeshwar Temple which is one among the 12 Jyotirlinga temples of Lord Shiva and is also one of the most popular places to visit near Mumbai.
Trimbakeshwar Temple is built by Sri Nana Saheb Peshwa in 1755-1786 AD. The presiding deity of the temple is Lord Shiva as Trimbakeshwar. The extraordinary feature of the Jyotirlinga located here is its three faces embodying Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu and Lord Rudra. A crown studded with precious stones rests on top of this Linga, which is said to be from the age of Pandavas. This crown is decorated with various precious stones like emeralds, diamonds and many other varieties. The crown is displayed every Monday from 4 PM - 5 PM.
The temple is built of black .....
Overnight Stay in Nashik
Travel from Nashik to Shirdi
Duration of visit: 2-3 Hours
Timings: 4 AM to 11.15 PM
Entry Fee: Free Entry, Rs. 100 per Person for Special Darshan
At a distance of 600 m from Shirdi Bus Stand, Sri Shirdi Sai Baba Temple is situated in the center of Shirdi town. It is one of the most famous shrines of pilgrimage in India and also prime place to include in your Shirdi Tour Packages.
The Shirdi temple is dedicated to Sri Sai Baba and he is revered as one of the greatest saints ever seen in India, endowed with unprecedented powers and is worshipped as a incarnations of god. Baba first made his appearance in Shirdi as a youth and remained there until his death in 1918. He transformed the lives of those who met him and continuously is doing so even after his Samadhi for those who pray him for his blessings.
The temple complex of Sri Shirdi Sai Baba is spread in approximately 200 square meters. Samadhi Mandir is the main temple in the complex and is the mausoleum where Baba's mortal remains lay preserved. Samadhi Mandir was constructed .....
Duration of visit: 1 Hour
At a distance of 72 km from Shirdi and 44 km from Ahmednagar, Shani Shingnapur or Sonai is a village in Nevasa taluka of Ahmednagar district in Maharashtra. The village is known for its popular temple of Shani Mahadev, the Hindu god associated with the planet (graha) Saturn. This is one of the most popular Shani temples in India and also among the famous pilgrimage places to visit near Pune.
The idol of Lord Shanidev at the Shingnapur temple is swayambhu and the temple is believed to be a jagrut devasthan, meaning that a deity still resides in the temple. The idol is personified in the form of a black stone which is five and a half feet high installed on an open air platform. There is a trishul alongside the stone as well as a Nandi on its south. In front are the small images of Shiva and Hanuman. An east facing multi deity temple was built west of the Shani idol later. The premises also contain a tomb of Saint Udasi Baba and a temple dedicated .....
Overnight Stay in Aurangabad
Start Aurangabad Sightseeing
Ajanta Caves
Historical & Heritage
Timings: 9 AM to 5 PM on all days except Mondays
Entry Fee: Rs. 10 for Indians & Rs. 250 for Foreigners
At a distance of 98 km from Aurangabad, 98 km from Ellora Caves, 202 km from Shirdi, 272 km from Nashik, 326 km from Pune and 443 km from Mumbai, Ajanta Caves are ancient Buddhist caves situated near Ajanta village in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra. Ajanta Caves are one of the oldest UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India and also one of the top attractions you must include in Maharashtra packages. The caves are now protected by the Archaeological Survey of India.
Ajanta - Ellora Caves are one of the most visited ancient monuments in India and also one of the top Tourist places in Maharashtra. The Caves were carved between 2nd Century BC and 6th Century AD. Construction of the caves was carried out in two phases; the first group of caves was built around 2nd Century .....
Travel from Aurangabad to Ellora Caves
Devagiri / Daulatabad Fort
At a distance of 16 km from Aurangabad Railway Station, Daulatabad is an ancient hill fort situated on the way to Ellora Caves from Aurangabad in Maharashtra. Daulatabad Fort is one of the best preserved Forts in Maharashtra and also one of the best in Aurangabad tourist places. It is one of the best historical places near Pune.
The historical triangular fort of Daulatabad was built by Yadava king Bhillama V in 1187 AD. The city was then called 'Deogiri', meaning the hill of gods. Daulatabad or 'the abode of wealth' was the name given by Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq when he made his capital here in 1327 AD. The region and the fort passed on into the hands of Bahamani rulers under Hasan Gangu in 1347 AD and Nizam Shahis of Ahmednagar in 1499 AD. Daulatabad became the capital of Nizam Shahi dynasty in 1607 AD. The fort passed several hands, captured and re-captured by the Mughals, Marathas, Peshwas .....
Ellora Caves
Timings: 6 AM to 6 PM on all days except Tuesdays
At a distance of 28 km from Aurangabad, 98 km from Ajanta Caves, 104 km from Shirdi, 176 km from Nashik, 253 km from Pune, and 344 km from Mumbai, Ellora Caves are ancient historical caves locally known as 'Verul Leni'. The caves are located near Verul on the Aurangabad-Chalisgaon road to the northwest of Aurangabad in Maharashtra. The Ellora Caves were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. Ellora is the most visited ancient monument and also one of the top Tourist places in Maharashtra. Ellora is also one of the top tourist places near Mumbai.
Ajanta - Ellora Caves are one of the most visited ancient monuments in India. The caves at Ellora were carved out of the vertical face of the Charanandri hills between the 6th and 10th centuries AD. The carving work began around .....
Ghrushneshwar / Grishneshwar Jyotirlinga Temple
Timings: 5.30 AM to 9.30 PM
At a distance of 1 km from Ellora Caves and 29 km from Aurangabad Railway Station, Grishneshwar or Ghrushneshwar Jyotirlinga Temple is a famous Hindu temple located at Verul village in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra. It is one of the 12 Jyotirlinga shrines mentioned in the Shiva Purana and also one of the famous places of pilgrimage in Maharashtra. This is one of the top places to visit in Aurangabad City and also one of the popular places to visit near Mumbai.
The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Grishneshwar Temple is believed to be the last or 12th Jyotirlinga on the earth. The presiding deity, in the form of Jyotirlinga, is known by several names like Kusumeswarar, Ghushmeswara, Ghrushmeswara and Grishneswara. The Grishneshwar temple was .....
Resume Aurangabad Sightseeing
Aurangabad Caves
Entry Fee: Rs. 10 for Indian & Rs. 100 for Foreigner
At a distance of 3 km from Bibi Ka Maqbara and 8 km from Aurangabad Railway Station, the Aurangabad Caves are 12 artificial rock-cut Buddhist Caves located on a hill running roughly east to west in Aurangabad. Sculptural carvings of Aurangabad Caves can be compared to the best paintings of Ajanta. These are one of the the popular Aurangabad tourist places and among the best heritage places to visit near Mumbai.
The first reference to the Aurangabad Caves is in the great chaitya of Kanheri Caves. The caves are datable from circa 2nd - 3rd century AD to 7th century AD. The Aurangabad Caves were dug out of comparatively soft basalt rock during the 6th and 7th century. The caves are divided into three separate groups depending on their location. The first group of caves consists of cave number 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the second group comprises .....
Soneri Mahal / Sunheri Mahal
At a distance of 2 km from Bibi Ka Maqbara and 6 km from Aurangabad Railway Station, Sunheri Mahal is a palace located at the foothill of the Aurangabad Caves in the Paharsingpura area of Aurangabad. It is one of the top places to visit in Aurangabad.
Soneri Mahal was built by a Bandalkand chief who accompanied Aurangzeb into the Dakhan. The Mahal was built between 1651 AD and 1653 AD at a cost of Rs.50, 000 and in 1934 AD it was sold to the Nizam of Hyderabad for Rs.26, 400. The Mahal is named after the paintings in the palace that were once painted in gold.
It is a grand two stored building constructed in typical Rajput style. The palace is made up of lime and stone. Sprawling over two storeys, the palace stands as a testimony of Indian architectural splendor with some intricate decorations all over. A well-manicured garden adds to its beauty. The entrance of the Palace is decorated with beautifully .....
Bibi Ka Maqbara
At a distance 5.5 km from Aurangabad Railway Station, Bibi Ka Maqbara is a beautiful mausoleum situated in Aurangabad. Maintained by Archeological Survey of India, Bibi Ka Muqbara is one of the top tourist places to visit in Aurangabad.
The Bibi-Ka-Maqbara is dedicated to Rabia-ul-Daurani alias Dilras Banu Begum, the wife of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb's son, Prince Azam Shah built the mausoleum between 1651 AD and 1661 AD in the memory of his mother Begum Rabia Durani. This mausoleum is a replica of the world famous Taj Mahal. Also known as Mini Taj, the mausoleum is far less ornamental than Taj Mahal in Agra.
An inscription found on the main entrance door mentions that this mausoleum was designed and erected by Ata-ullah, an architect and Hanspat Rai, an engineer respectively. The marble for this mausoleum was brought from mines .....
Travel from Aurangabad to Mumbai
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Randy Yarbrough, MD has joined the Cullman Regional Gynecology Clinic. Yarbrough is a robotic-trained, board certified gynecologist. He is a graduate of the University of Alabama, the University of Alabama School Of Medicine and completed his residency at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Yarbrough treats a wide variety of gynecologic conditions, and has served patients in in Alabama for more than 30 years.


High Speed Flexographic Printing Press.
Perfect Printgraph Engineers LLP. (PPE) brings to you the manufacturing of distinguished and top-notch printing machines with innovation that meets the day and age.
PPE aims at providing perfection in every way. Solving your printing problems while giving you best quality, reliability and features at the best cost is our motive. Our quality meets global standards. Anywhere in the world, you can rely on us for all your usage and after sales service. The features of our machines suit any climatic conditions.
Our machines will help you multiply your business, you will print more and more with perfect printgraph machines. Renowned for their robust construction, thoughtful features, easy controls and low maintenance our machine gives you years of trouble free profits. Right from the first print our machines will have a positive impression on your business..
Simplex Unwind and Rewind Station Equipped with Automatic Tension Control System.
Automatic Tension Control System: Load cell feedback control provided on Unwind, Infeed, Out feed & Rewind Station to maintain uniform tension throughout the entire roll.
Motorised Deck for easy movement of Printing Station.
Silent and Powerful Drying and Exhaust System.
Pneumatic Air Shaft Provided on Unwind and Rewind Stations for quick and easy loading and unloading of the parent roll.
Online Reading of Unwind and Rewind Roll Diameter.
Electric Hoist to lift the rollers.
Series : Elite N.W. & Elite Plus N.W.
Enclosed Chamber Doctor Blade System.
Continuous Rotation of Anilox Roll Drives by Electric Motors.
System to Lift Off/On of Printing Cylinders.
Fully Digital Web Video System.
Pneumatically Operated Marriage Roll System.


text:
Q: Simulation discrepancy in 555 oscillator I've been running the simulation of a certain circuit on falstad simulator. It's a simple square wave generator using 555 timer.
I've been trying to figure out the expected oscillation frequency, but there's a certain discrepancy between calculations and the simulation result. I would like to know where it comes from.

simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
Setting the potentiometer at the exact middle (i.e. \$5\space \textrm{k}\Omega \$ on both sides), the simulator gives 180 Hz; I calculated it to be around 208 Hz. Here's my calculation:
When OUTPUT is on and DISCHARGE pin is shut out, the capacitor is charged with \$V_{cc}=5 \space \textrm V\$ through one 1N4148 and two resistors that sum up to \$6\space \textrm{k} \Omega\$. This is effectively an RC circuit with \$R=6\space \textrm{k}\Omega, \space C=500\space \textrm{nF}, V_{charge}=V_{cc}-V_{d}\$, and the voltage goes from \$\left(1/3\right)V_{cc}\$ to \$\left(2/3\right)V_{cc}\$. Here, \$V_d\$ is the diode forward voltage drop, and the simulator says it ranges from 530 to 560 mV. Let's take 540 mV for convenience. The time required for charging is then:
$$t_{charge} = \ln \left( \frac{V_{charge}-(1/3)V_{cc}}{V_{charge}-(2/3)V_{cc}} \right) \cdot R \cdot C = 0.00272 \space \textrm{sec.} $$
When the capacitor voltage reaches \$(2/3)V_{cc}\$, it discharges again through one diode and two resistors that sum up to \$6\space \textrm{k}\Omega\$. It can thus be modeled with an RC circuit discharging, but the diode does not have an effect this time. The voltage is to be halved, and the time spent is:
$$ t_{discharge} = \ln (2) \cdot R \cdot C = 0.00208\space \textrm{sec.} $$
The two figures suggest the frequency of 208.188 Hz and duty cycle 56.709%, which is quite at odds with the simulation result of 180 Hz and duty cycle 48-50%.
A few suspicions of mine would be:

*

*The simulator is inaccurately modeled.

*The forward voltage drop is handled wrongly in either of the charge/discharge.

*The diode does take part in discharging.

*The discharge pin was treated like a ground when discharging, but its open collector behavior is different from one.

However all these hypotheses exceed my knowledge. Can you spot what's wrong?
p.s. I'm trying to do this for PWM at 25 kHz. Do you think it's viable? I'm worried that the lower resistance and capacitance might consume more power and/or not switch on and off rapidly enough.

A: The diode does have an effect on the discharge, as does the saturation voltage of the discharge output with the discharge current and the 1K load.
Rather than discharging toward 0V it is discharging towards perhaps 600mV, so discharging to 1/3 Vcc will take longer and the frequency will be lower.
That said, I don't think the NE555 is a very good choice for this if you're worrying about the last 10%, especially at 25kHz, and I don't trust that particular simulator any further than I can throw it.


text:
Q: What do you call a word that is used overtly to mean something besides its actual meaning? Inspired by this q/a and the comments on it.
I'm not even sure how to describe this, so my research hasn't yielded much.
Take for instance the figure of speech "A million little things", which doesn't really mean literally one million things, but rather "a heck of a lot of little things".
What would you call "million" in this context?  It has a meaning of its own, but it's used to just mean "a lot" rather than "a million".  Bonus points I guess if the word can also be used to describe words without a meaning, like "gajillion".
Sample sentence: "In this context, 'million' is a ____, used to mean 'a lot'."
I may be muddying the waters here, but I think other examples would be words like "brother", which is sometimes used to refer to non-brother relationships, and "peanuts", which can be used to refer to non-peanut things that are perceived as insignificant.
With the latter two examples, "slang" seems appropriate, but calling "million" "slang" seems to be off the mark.

A: This is an example of the rhetorical device of hyperbole:

extravagant exaggeration (such as "mile-high ice-cream cones")

From Merriam-Webster
The word is from Greek and means excess. It has come to mean a figure of speech that uses extreme exaggeration for emphasis or to make a point.
The word originally meant "to throw over":

"obvious exaggeration in rhetoric," early 15c., from Latin hyperbole, from Greek hyperbole "exaggeration, extravagance," literally "a throwing beyond," from hyper- "beyond" (see hyper-) + bole "a throwing, a casting, the stroke of a missile, bolt, beam," from bol-, nominative stem of ballein "to throw" (from PIE root *gwele- "to throw, reach"). Rhetorical sense is found in Aristotle and Isocrates. Greek had a verb, hyperballein, "to throw over or beyond."

From the Online Etymology Dictionary

A: There are two different words for two different examples that you have provided in your description.
"Million" in drama series A million little things is used in nonliteral (or non-literal) sense.
Non-literal according to Oxford dictionary is

Not using or taking words in their usual or most basic sense.

and according to thefreedictionary.com

not literal; figurative

Whereas, the word gajillion is used analogically to denote some imaginary large number. Wikipedia states that numbers like gajillion are Indefinite and fictitious numbers.
Excerpt from wikipedia:

Words with the suffix -illion (e.g. zillion, gazillion, jillion, squillion) are often used as informal names for unspecified large numbers by analogy to names of large numbers such as million,billion and trillion.

So, gajillion is used analogically to denote some imaginary unspecified large number in the link that you have provided.
NOTE: The word Non-literal also cover analogical under its umbrella. So, if you not want to use to different words, then you can just use just Non-literal.


Heres a relatively unknown coked out boogie banger. It's from a self released EP from 1985 by Anthony Miner. There's a couple pretty nice trax on the album. Found recently and I can't find much info on the internet. If anyone has info on this record, please post.
Hey Two Step Out - I have info on the record let me know what you need.
And how did you find this ep?
Woah! I'm really digging the template/theme of this website. It's simple, yet effective. A lot of times it's challenging to get that "perfect balance" between user friendliness and visual appeal. I must say you've done a amazing job with this. Also, the blog loads very quick for me on Internet explorer.Outstanding Blog!
Hey I have a question. Do you have the full version of "Couldn't We Be Friends?" If so , is there anyway I can hear it and download it ? I really like this album but it seems as the internet doesn't have much info on the album. Well cheers mate and thanks for your time .


After months of tweaking, Rhapsody's Android app is out of beta and ready for prime time. AS far as subscription music apps are concerned, this one doesn't disappoint.
As the first major music service to offer caching on the iPhone, Rhapsody has managed to stay quite competitive in the mobile space. And although the company lagged a bit on getting its Android app out of beta, the final product is sufficiently impressive for us to forgive its trespasses in the timing department. Though it may not be as pretty as some other mobile music offerings, Rhapsody's features and performance on the Android OS should make it a top consideration for anyone interested in subscribing to an all-you-can-eat service (or all-you-can-listen-to, as the case may be).
Rhapsody for Android first launched in early 2010, but the service just dropped its beta label this week. The user interface and major features are largely unchanged, but the performance--specifically the speed and stream quality--offer a noticeable improvement. But more on that shortly.
As with any app, the first thing any user will notice upon launching Rhapsody is the look and feel. The interface is certainly user-friendly, with a main menu directing you into the principal features of the service. From here, you can search for a particular artist, album, song, or station; dive into the music guide; browse Rhapsody Radio; or check out your playlists and library. Navigation is straightforward and speedy, with a breadcrumb trail leading through the various offerings of the service.
Across every screen, Rhapsody includes a playback bar on the bottom edge. This includes a home key as well as play/pause and track skip controls. You can drag this "shade" up to view the playback screen, or tap the arrow on the right to pop it up or down. The playback screen features prominent album art as well as ID3 info for the current track. Below that is the queue, which you can scroll through from that screen. All pretty standard so far.
Things get a little more interesting when you invoke the tap-and-hold functionality of the Android OS. Any artist, album, or track hosts a variety of options depending on where it resides in the app. For example, tapping and holding a track may give you the option to add it to a queue, save it to your library, or purchase the track. Similarly, tapping and holding on a playlist gives you the option to download it for offline playback.
Naturally, Rhapsody offers caching on the Android, but it is slightly limited. You can save individual tracks and playlists, but we didn't come across any option to do this for entire albums or artists. This would be a nice feature to see in the future, as it just makes things even easier for the user. Plus, battery life is spared quite significantly if you play offline rather than stream, not to mention the obvious benefit of being able to listen to content on airplanes, underground, and other places where the network is unavailable.
In terms of features, Rhapsody is in line with its closest competitor, Napster. It must be said that Napster is prettier to look at, but Rhapsody takes the cake in terms of performance. Both are reasonably speedy with search and stream load time, but Rhapsody offers significantly better audio quality. It may not be good enough for serious audiophiles, but mainstream listeners will find it more than satisfactory.
As with any (legal) service that offers on-demand streaming and downloading, Rhapsody doesn't come free. A subscription will set you back $10 per month, but we think the cost is worth it for serious music lovers. Plus, you get the app for free, and that subscription price includes licenses for two other devices as well as streaming from the Web-based player and the desktop client.


text:
using System;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration.Conventions;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using TestRestfulAPI.Infrastructure.Entities;
using TestRestfulAPI.RestApi.odata.v1.Articles.Entities;
using TestRestfulAPI.RestApi.odata.v1.Contents.Entities;
using TestRestfulAPI.RestApi.odata.v1.Customers.Entities;
using TestRestfulAPI.RestApi.odata.v1.Offers.Entities;

namespace TestRestfulAPI.Infrastructure.Contexts
{
    public class TESSEntities : DbContext
    {
        public TESSEntities() : base("name=TESSEntities")
        {

        }

        public TESSEntities(DbConnection entityConnection) : base(entityConnection, true)
        {

        }

        public DbSet<Article> Articles { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Customer> Customers { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Offer> Offers { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Content> Contents { get; set; }
        public DbSet<TextItem> TextItems { get; set; }

        public override int SaveChanges()
        {
            AddTimestamps();
             return base.SaveChanges();
        }
        public override async Task<int> SaveChangesAsync()
        {
            AddTimestamps();
            return await base.SaveChangesAsync();
        }
        private void AddTimestamps()
        {
            var entities = ChangeTracker.Entries().Where(x => x.Entity is BaseEntity && (x.State == EntityState.Added || x.State == EntityState.Modified));

            foreach (var entity in entities)
            {
                if (entity.State == EntityState.Added)
                {
                    ((BaseEntity)entity.Entity).CreatedAt = DateTime.Now;
                }

                ((BaseEntity)entity.Entity).UpdatedAt = DateTime.Now;
            }
        }
        //protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)

        //{
        //    modelBuilder.Entity<Offer>()
        //        .HasMany(o => o.Contents)
        //        .WithOptional()
        //        .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        //    modelBuilder.Entity<Content>()
        //        .HasMany(c => c.TextItems)
        //        .WithOptional()
        //        .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        //    modelBuilder.Entity<Content>()
        //        .HasMany(c => c.Articles)
        //        .WithOptional()
        //        .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        //    modelBuilder.Entity<Template>()
        //        .HasMany(c => c.Contents)
        //        .WithOptional()
        //        .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        //    base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        //}
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: what is component, task and session in siebel? please explain what is component, task and session in siebel?
Also post the links of reference about above, i cant find a clear answer in google.
Thanks,
Ramachandran.


As a guitar history blog, it is only fitting that we would also have a section dedicated to playing the guitar. If that is what you're looking for, you have come to the right place. Sit back and read our answer to the ultimate question beginners in guitar playing ask most frequently.
We will fragment it in parts and help you out. We have partnered with guitar sites to provide you with the best insights on this page.
How do I get started playing the guitar?
You can simply grab a guitar and try to play it. You may actually make some progress. But if you really want to maximize your chances of success, you must elaborate a plan for your learning.
First off, you should start with something simple and inexpensive. Try to borrow a guitar. If you don't know anyone who can lend you one, opt for a low-priced instrument that will also be easy to play.
Why should it be low-priced and easy to play if what you want is to turn into a good guitarist? Well, let's be honest. You can't know for sure if the habit is actually going to stick. You may end up concluding that it is not the hobby for you. That's the main reason why the guitar should be affordable.
And it must also be easy to play so you can feel encouraged and motivated throughout the initial stages and know that you are making clearly noticeable progress.
Once you're totally assured that playing the guitar is what you want the most, go ahead and treat yourself with a nice new top-quality instrument.
As allies in your learning process, you can decide on a teacher, a website, an online course, a book, a software program, video tutorials, among others. Before opting for any of these, do your research.
See if each specific learning method suits your musical needs, wishes and expectations. If you feel like you've made the wrong choice, don't give up. It's never too late to restart.
That is the queue for us to debunk a widespread myth. The truth is: no one is ever too old to start playing the guitar. Even if you have let an interval of years go by between trying out different learning approaches, never feel like starting again would be a futile effort.


Early Tuesday morning aboard Air Force One, en route to the NATO summit, President Donald Trump signed an official clemency order pardoning the two men. Lucas — a 76-year-old Indiana self-made millionaire with tight ties to the Trump administration — had fulfilled his pledge.
For nearly two decades, the Hammonds had been engaged in skirmishes with the Bureau of Land Management, an agency that functions as a go-between for ranchers and the federal land they lease for grazing. They pushed back, often threateningly, on regulations regarding the Malheur Wildlife Refuge, which bordered the Hammonds' grazing allotment, and they set unpermitted fires on BLM land. After a second fire in 2006, the pair were charged with 19 different crimes, but eventually arranged a plea deal for just two charges of arson on federal land, which carried a minimum of a five-year sentence. The judge declared that such lengthy jail time qualified as cruel and unusual punishment, instead sentencing Dwight to three months and Steven to one year and one day. The pair served their time and returned home. But the federal government successfully appealed the sentence, and on Jan. 4, 2016, the Hammonds were ordered to return to prison.
Steven Hammond (left) and his father, Dwight Hammond, after their arrest.
The verdict brought Ammon and Ryan Bundy — who, along with their father, Cliven, had been involved in an armed confrontation with BLM officials over the management of their grazing allotment in Nevada — to Eastern Oregon. On Jan. 2, Ammon led several hundred people on a peaceful march through Burns, Oregon, in support of the Hammonds. At the end of the march, he made a declaration: Whoever wanted to take a "hard stand" against the government should follow him — thus launching what would become the 41-day armed standoff at the Malheur Wildlife Refuge.
The Hammonds, however, weren't there. Nor did they condone what the Bundys and others had done in their name. When the occupation began, they were back on their ranch with Dave Duquette, Lucas's close associate. When the Hammonds flew back to a hero's welcome in Burns, Oregon, it was aboard Lucas's private jet. Lucas, whose company, Lucas Oil, currently holds naming rights for the Indianapolis Colts' stadium, has made a pro-agriculture, anti-regulation agenda his mission over the past eight years — and had decided that the Hammonds fit into his larger master plan.
Protect the Harvest has built a positive rapport with the ag community by sponsoring scholarships and racetracks and film festivals. But the nonprofit has also benefited by inflaming the community's anxieties that a time-honored way of life is coming to an end — while eliding the fact that its own lobbying on behalf of corporations and against regulations has hastened the destruction of that lifestyle.
Ammon Bundy (left), the leader of an anti-government militia, prepares to speak to members of the media in front of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge headquarters on Jan. 5, 2016, near Burns, Oregon.
But Lucas's agenda is hardly limited to cage sizes and puppy mills, as reflected by his support of the Hammonds and, by extension, the Bundys and others opposed to federal control of public lands. And to get what he wants, Lucas has employed a highly sophisticated lobbying and messaging machine, which does everything from funding opposition to municipal spaying and neutering ordinances to orchestrating "range rights" conferences, streamed live on Facebook to an audience of thousands.
Protect the Harvest has spent millions producing web videos and memes that spread across the dozens of Bundy-adjacent Facebook pages that have popped up in the last decade. It also focuses on messaging to children: There are anti-regulatory Protect the Harvest coloring activity sheets, and a pro-ag Protect the Harvest–branded teaching curriculum available for download on their website. In 2015, Lucas began producing feature-length films — starring Hollywood actors like Sharon Stone, Jon Voight, and Jane Seymour — to promote his strongly anti-regulation agenda.
In 2015, Lucas began producing feature-length films — starring Hollywood actors like Sharon Stone, Jon Voight, and Jane Seymour — to promote his strongly anti-regulation agenda.
After Trump took office, Lucas made the short list of potential appointees for interior secretary. Although Montana Rep. Ryan Zinke ultimately got the job, he has provided an open door to both Lucas and Protect the Harvest. Meanwhile, Brian Klippenstein, who is still listed as PTH's executive director, now works as senior adviser to Perdue. Pence's vice presidency has been a boon for Lucas, who, according to a Protect the Harvest spokesperson, has been friends with Pence since before he took the office of Indiana governor.
In addition to Lucas's own role as one of Trump's agricultural advisers, public records indicate that Lucas met with Zinke in April 2017 to discuss wild horses, grazing access issues, and national monument designations. In October, when Pence flew to attend an Indianapolis Colts game, abruptly leaving when players knelt during the national anthem, he first spent time posing for photos with Lucas and Duquette. Protect the Harvest also has ties to former EPA chief Scott Pruitt, who was a featured speaker at a Protect the Harvest event in Indianapolis on Jan. 26, 2016.
Lucas, the Hammonds, and Duquette on Lucas's private plane back to Burns.
Lucas's investment in the Hammonds — and the Bundys, who've been invited to Protect the Harvest–sponsored forums — is a means to an end. They have become symbols of the way many rural Americans feel they've been wronged by federal overreach, and Lucas, much like Trump, leverages those feelings to build support for one of his overriding goals: wide-scale deregulation of big business.
This is the story of how Forrest Lucas became the behind-the-scenes architect of a multipronged political and propaganda machine — unknown to most Americans, yet with an outsize influence on the current administration and the way millions think of their rural way of life, the industries that shape it, and the government's role within it.
"This administration has been pretty good at asking for problems," Duquette explained. "And then addressing them." The Hammond pardon is the first such Protect the Harvest "problem" that's been directly addressed on the national stage. But with Lucas's direct access to multiple wings of the administration, it's unlikely to be the last.
Lucas, Duquette, and Ramona Hage Morrison at the Department of the Interior.
In practice, this "accurate information" has centered on a cluster of issues that are closely tied to Big Ag's priorities: portraying animal rights activists and environmentalists as out-of-touch liberals bent on ending the rural way of life; characterizing regulation and federal oversight, particularly on public lands, as a means of curtailing American liberty; and advocating for and providing platforms for public figures — such as the Hammonds — to function as symbols of widespread persecution of the ag community.
That this apparatus was built in just eight years, by a man with little in the way of a visible political profile, is a testament to what a few million dollars can do in our current American ideological landscape. And while Lucas may seem like an unlikely political figure, his "all-American" rise, and the obstacles that defined it, go a long way toward explaining the ardor and anger fueling his cause.
While Lucas may seem like an unlikely political figure, his "all-American" rise goes a long way toward explaining the ardor and anger fueling his cause.
At age 76, Lucas has deep brown hair that seems to belie the natural aging process. When he speaks with the press, he tends to wear shirts emblazoned with the Lucas Oil logo of his company, or a race car jersey. He's the sort of man who'd commission a documentary about his own life — titled American Real: The Forrest Lucas Story — show it at a film festival, and then make it nearly impossible for anyone to view it again. He considers himself an embodiment of the American dream: a boy who, as he tells it, grew up without electricity in rural Indiana but then, over decades of hard work and fair dealings, scraped his way to a multimillion-dollar company.
Born in 1942, Lucas grew up on a farm in Elkinsville, Indiana — living, as he put it, "pretty much like people lived in the 1800s." "Most people now could only read about that," he said, "but I got to see the tail end of it. Most people think it's kind bucolic, but it's actually a pretty hard way to go." According to Lucas, when he was 9 years old, he got his start as an entrepreneur by going door-to-door, barefooted, selling a supposed miracle cure called Cloverine Salve.
Lucas was, in many ways, a typical farm kid. He'd wake in the morning to take care of the cows and pigs, go to school, and return home to care for them again. At age 15, he left home to work at a cattle ranch in Harrison County, near the Kentucky state line. He graduated high school, then, as he later put it, "went to a long college called hard knocks." By age 18, Lucas was a married man with a child — and left the ranching life to make a living for his family, hauling dirt, finding odd construction jobs, selling Singer sewing machines, and working a muffler assembly line at night.
But what Lucas really wanted was a semi. "I'd see these guys going down the road," he said, "and maybe they were going somewhere. I wanted to get into the truck and go somewhere." At 21, he pulled together enough money to buy his first semi — the first in what would eventually become a fleet. Two years later, the creek that ran near his childhood farm would be dammed in order to power the nearby city of Bloomington. The entirety of Lucas's hometown of Elkinton was acquired through eminent domain. His childhood farm was gone, superseded by the needs of those in the city nearby.
Lucas didn't make his fortune on trucks. He made it on oil additives, created using a "secret formula" that Lucas claims to have discovered almost by accident and which, his company claims, has seemingly miraculous effects on the performance of engines: It reduces wear, lengthens engine life, improves gas mileage, and makes motors run quieter, among other things. Lucas Oil is marketed to car aficionados, gearheads, and truckers with aging rigs.
Lucas began to acquire the entire means of production: He sponsored the cars, he built or bought the tracks, he owned the broadcasting network, and when the production company he'd employed to make commercials went bankrupt, he bought their gear and trained his loading dock employees to operate it, moving to a dilapidated Sunkist factory in Corona. By 2012, at least 700 different racing teams wore the Lucas Oil logo; today, many of those teams have transitioned to wearing the logo for Protect the Harvest. It's vertical integration, done the Lucas way: first to promote his oil brand, now to promote his ideological one.
Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis.
"The thing that's interesting about Lucas — I don't think anyone realizes what kind of reach he has," a correspondent for Speed magazine said in 2012. Apart from the racing, Lucas's name and brand is broadcast into millions of homes every week via nationally televised games at Lucas Oil Stadium. The $121.5 million gambit, which affixes the Lucas Oil name to the stadium where the Indianapolis Colts play until 2028, launched Lucas and his second wife, Charlotte, onto the radar of the Indiana elite. Suddenly, the farm boy was a person to know.
The Indianapolis elite began actively courting his full-time return from California, where he'd been running Lucas Oil for decades. "Forrest would be a big fish in this pond," then-mayor Bart Peterson told Indianapolis Monthly in 2007. "He would be somebody who would be noticed, because of his roots, and the fact that he's proud of those roots." In 2010, the Lucases purchased a sprawling mansion, known as Le Chateau Renaissance, outside of Indianapolis, with the primary intention to use it for fundraisers and benefits. He added a 220,000-square-foot expansion to his Indiana plant, effectively making it the home base for Lucas Oil operations. Seven decades removed from an electricity-less farm in Elkinsville, Indiana, Forrest Lucas had arrived.
Like many who find their fortunes secure, Lucas decided to throw his newfound influence around. He began donating to political figures — to then-governor Pence, but also to multiple representatives in Missouri, where Lucas ran a cattle ranch. It was there, in 2010, that he took on his first major political fight against Missouri's Proposition B, colloquially known as the "puppy mill bill." The bill aimed to limit dog breeding facilities to 50 unspayed/unneutered animals, which would effectively eliminate the "puppy mill" industry in the states where such facilities are most concentrated.
Between 2012 and 2016, the latest year for which tax returns are available, Protect the Harvest Action Fund has spent close to $4 million on influence and lobbying activities. (All tax filings are available here.) Since 2012, the vast majority of Protect the Harvest's PAC money has been directed toward supporting "Right to Farm" legislation and combating initiatives, most of them spearheaded by the HSUS, that Lucas's group sees as infringing upon agricultural liberty. The language of contemporary Right to Farm amendments guarantees farmers and ranchers the right to engage in their livelihoods and produce food for others. If that sounds vague, it's purposeful: It's less intended to address a current threat than future ones. In practice, it helps bolster the feeling that an industry is vulnerable.
Protect the Harvest's first foray into the fray came in Missouri, where it offered broad media support for a 2014 Right to Farm amendment, copied from a 2012 version drafted in North Dakota. For that campaign, Lucas enlisted then–state senator Mike Parson, who is now governor, and to whom Lucas has given more than $175,000 in campaign donations. The two men first connected in 2010, during the campaign against Proposition B. After it passed, Parson, whose district included Lucas's cattle ranch and one of his speedways, sponsored the legislation that effectively defanged the bill. From 2013 to 2015, Parson served as the treasurer of Protect the Harvest, and when Parson ran for lieutenant governor in 2016, Lucas and his wife campaigned alongside him; after he won, he framed a Protect the Harvest poster in his office.
In North Dakota, the Right to Farm amendment had sailed to an easy victory, winning two-thirds of the vote. But in Missouri, it was hotly contested. One public radio story framed it as pitting "farmer against farmer," leaving little way for small producers to defend against the incursion and growth of larger ones. Protect the Harvest argued, "Our rights don't come from government. They are God-given freedoms that come with our humanity. However, bureaucrats and activist judges have made it clear that they will not respect those rights unless they are codified in statutes or constitutions." Together, both sides spent a total of $1.5 million on messaging. The amendment barely passed, eking out 50.12% of the final vote.
A version of the amendment then migrated to Oklahoma, where Protect the Harvest was joined in support by the Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, the Oklahoma Farm Bureau, and the Oklahoma Pork Council. Their opposition, led by HSUS, the Sierra Club, the ASPCA, and the Oklahoma Food Cooperative, argued that the bill, SQ 777, would make it impossible to act if and when ag polluted or otherwise threatened a water source or the land.
Lucas's design to "protect" the harvest has largely entailed fighting regulation. Like many conservative operatives, Protect the Harvest views any type of regulation, whether on the hours a long-haul trucker can legally drive or the conditions for raising chickens, as unnecessary and restrictive incursions on free enterprise, but one area of particular interest has been wild horses.
Back in 2012, Dave Duquette attempted to bring a horse slaughterhouse to his hometown of Hermiston, Oregon, promising much-needed economic stimulus to the area, but local leaders balked at the prospect of the town being equated with a taboo industry. Fast-forward six years, and Duquette is the "equine specialist" for Protect the Harvest.
Duquette, who is rarely without his cowboy hat and a cowboy shirt embroidered with the Protect the Harvest or Lucas Oil logo, has spearheaded Protect the Harvest's efforts to change the messaging around wild horse management from cruelty to benevolence.
"American wild horses are suffering due to overcrowding, which has led to starvation and death," the opening to a four-part series on Protect the Harvest's homepage claims. "We have the opportunity and obligation to protect them from long and painful suffering by controlling their numbers." A 15-minute PTH-produced video, titled "Horses in Crisis," features an array of sick and starving horses, as well as ranchers and others condemning "horse advocates" for their lack of knowledge about horses on the range. "It's time to bring facts, reason, and a special perspective to an issue dominated by emotion," a solemn-voiced narrator says. The overarching message: Those who deal with wild horses on the land should dictate how to manage horses on the land, and not faraway regulators.
Wild horses are held in a BLM holding/adoption facility after being rounded up from BLM land in the western United States on June 1, 2017, in Delta, Utah.
Lucas has repeatedly referred to HSUS and animal rights activists as "terrorists" intent on "passing laws to ruin America" that deliberately impugn the small-time farmer's way of life. Lucas's political donations and Protect the Harvest's messaging around ballot initiatives underlined that ideology. But to make those ideologies even more robust and persuasive required something more effective than political ads. They needed propaganda.
Propaganda is anything from a pamphlet to a television program that attempts to make an argument for a particular political stance, whether on the right, left, or center — but much of it can be heavy-handed, simplistic, or misleading. When it comes to agriculture and animal rights issues, both sides of the issue produce propaganda. But only one side has its own film studio.
But what sort of "messages" did Lucas want to transmit? Protect the Harvest messages. Last year's Pray for Rain, starring Jane Seymour, suggests that corrupt environmentalists, in league with shady gangsters, are prolonging the terrible drought afflicting Central California and threatening the livelihoods of desperate local farmers. Running Wild, also from 2017 and starring Sharon Stone — who also coproduced — depicts a wild horse advocate, whom Laura Leigh believes is loosely based on her, as an evil villain trying to shut down a horse rehabilitation program. The 2016 film The Dog Lover, featuring Lea Thompson, involves a young woman who volunteers with an animal protection group to go undercover at a puppy mill — only to discover that the organization is far more dangerous than the "mill" itself, which, turns out, is actually a kindhearted breeding operation.
ESX films are regularly panned by critics, do not receive theatrical releases, and go straight to video or VOD. But profits, according to Lucas, are secondary. They're reaching an audience: ag families who don't feel that their way of life is represented accurately onscreen, and those who may not know a thing about agriculture but will be called upon to vote or think about the issues represented in the films. Watch The Dog Lover, for example, without much understanding of the dog breeding industry, and it's easy to believe that "puppy mills" are an idea concocted by manipulative animal rights activists who have no idea what they're talking about.
In Range magazine — an independently owned quarterly publication full of beautiful rural landscapes and essays about how "the U.S. government has inflicted 40 years of abuse on Nevada's Hage family" — Protect the Harvest now occupies about half of the ad space, promoting Protect the Harvest films and the Hammond pardon. Partnering with Range, Protect the Harvest has helped fund three "Range Rights" conferences — in Layton, Utah; in Bellevue, Nebraska; and in Modesto, California.
The two-day conference was founded in 2015 as a way to harness the energy following the Bundys' Malheur occupation; attendants include a mix of Malheur devotees and local ranchers. In Modesto this April, the attendance hovered around 40, and half the attendees were speakers themselves — but the real range rights audience was online, where each of the speeches was streamed in full. Rep. Devin Nunes, once part of the House Intelligence Committee's Russia investigation, attacked the press; the local sheriff emphasized that his officers knew to look the other way when local ranchers had an unlicensed firearm. The daughter of LaVoy Finicum spoke about the legacy of her father, the rancher who was killed by Oregon State Police in what have become heavily contested circumstances, effectively rendering him a martyr for the Bundy movement. Finally, Ammon Bundy preached the latest chapter in the family's gospel, emphasizing that environmentalists are "an enemy to humans" practicing their own heretical religion.
Dogfighting, circuses, animal slaughter, animal testing — the USDA is charged with documenting and monitoring those operations. In the subsequent weeks, Klippenstein alone took on the responsibilities of a transition team that usually would've been entrusted to a team of at least 20. Through his briefings, he became intent on figuring out which of the existing Department of Agriculture employees had been researching climate change and its ramifications.
The request was denied, but Klippenstein made his mark in other ways. He now serves as a senior adviser to Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue, who has overseen the removal of USDA documents detailing past animal inspections, enforcement actions, and annual reports on 7,800 different facilities. The removal was prompted by a lawsuit, filed during the Obama administration, alleging that a report identifying Tennessee walking horse owners as "violators" of anti-soring regulations impinged on their rights to due process and privacy. To address the suit, Perdue has removed all records.
According to Duquette, Lucas first brought up the idea of a pardon to then-governor Pence before Trump's election.
The move was celebrated by Tennessee walking horse groups, but it has broader beneficiaries: practitioners of industrial agriculture, whose husbandry, living, and slaughter practices are also monitored by the USDA. The lack of publicly accessible monitoring records will make it increasingly difficult to prosecute, legislate, or otherwise regulate current agricultural practices.
This sort of access and influence helps explain how the Hammonds' appeal made its way to President Trump's desk. According to Duquette, Lucas first brought up the idea of a pardon to then-governor Pence before Trump's election. When Lucas and Pence had dinner in May, Lucas brought up the case again, making the argument for a commuted sentence. Soon after, the case was moved to the office of Pence's chief counsel.
"You know, it's 'a squeaky wheel gets the grease' deal," Duquette told BuzzFeed News. "And I know the president needs help from people to highlight injustices." Since late May, Protect the Harvest's social media accounts have been in overdrive eliciting popular support for the Hammonds' cause. Protect the Harvest has also moved to distance itself and their cause from the Bundys, who've been grouped with the Hammonds since the days of the standoff.
Pardoning the Hammonds suggests not only that this particular case was mistreated, but that fears of government are warranted.
But like so many of the issues on which Protect the Harvest's advocacy pivots, the reality is far less stark. The Hammonds were sentenced for committing arson on federal land. An appeals court vacated that sentence because it did not satisfy the mandatory minimum sentencing requirements, and resentenced them for the mandatory minimum for that crime. Apart from the back-burning, the Hammonds have a long history of taunting BLM management and flouting their regulation. Like the Bundys, the Hammonds have long believed that the federal, public land they pay pennies on the dollar to graze should be considered their own, to manage as they please — including setting fires. The federal government, at least for the time being, disagrees.
Pardoning the Hammonds suggests not only that this particular case was mistreated, but that fears of government overreach are warranted — and that Trump will continue to act in a way that acknowledges those fears.
Protesters on horseback ride above a rally site in Bunkerville, Nevada, April 12, 2014.
All over ag country, Oregon to Arkansas, small schools are closing their doors. Part of the reason is that the consolidation of agriculture — larger farms gobbling up smaller ones to stay alive — has made it impossible for those onetime small farmers to remain. The population of the small town dwindles, and the schools close, which makes it even less desirable for others to move to that town, provide services, attract jobs, or maintain the "way of life" associated with rural America.
When you look at the Protect the Harvest logo, you don't see a family. You don't see a way of life. You don't see a person at all. You see a combine harvester — one of the primary advances in farming technology that led the agricultural industry to the place it is today. "All of their imagery is of big, beautiful tractors churning through a commodity crop, essentially dripping Lucas Oil," Ryan Bell, a journalist and close observer of fights around the agricultural way of life, told BuzzFeed News.
Protect the Harvest and Lucas Oil logos are displayed at Dover International Speedway on May 6, 2018, in Dover, Delaware.
The production of food may be an industry, but it's not a game. Whether in the form of government subsidies or a vaunted position within the American imaginary, the harvest has been protected for centuries.


text:
Nomada ariasi är en biart som beskrevs av Dusmet y Alonso 1913. Nomada ariasi ingår i släktet gökbin, och familjen långtungebin. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Externa länkar

Gökbin
ariasi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Biografia
Dopo la morte di Esalce e l'ascesa al trono di Capussa, il numida Mezetulo si rivoltò contro il proprio re e lo sconfisse in battaglia, dove lo stesso Capussa trovò la morte. Mezetulo non salì direttamente sul trovo, ma vi pose Lacumace, figlio di Esalce e fratello di Capussa, che era solo un bambino. Mezetulo assunse la carica di reggente in nome del nuovo re.

Il ritorno di Massinissa dalla Spagna sconvolse i suoi piani: Mezetulo radunò un'armata per affrontare l'avversario, ma fu sconfitto e si rifugiò con Lacumace presso Siface, re dei Numidi Massesili.

Successivamente, ottenuto il perdono da Massinissa, fece ritorno presso la sua corte e riebbe tutte le sue proprietà .

Note

Numidia


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FLYSAA.COM
5 Best Music Festivals in Africa
Africa is known as a cultural melting pot, so it's no wonder its music is world renowned. Iconic artists call the continent home, and so do some of the best music festival, drawing music enthusiasts from afar each year. Here are some of the top five music festivals in Southern Africa.
Best African Music Festivals
Cape Town Jazz Festival, South Africa
In need of little introduction, the Cape Town Jazz Festival has throughout the years grown to become a the mecca of jazz festivals on the continent. Dubbed "Africa's Grandest Gathering," the festival which takes place in the Mother City boasts a formidable line up of musicians from across the globe each year. Whats more is that is offers stages that cater to other genres over and above jazz, making it a music lover's oasis.
MTN Bushfire Festival, Swaziland
The meeting ground of some of Africa's best musical acts and a impressive art showcase, the MTN Bushfire Festival has earned the title of "Africa's Top Festival" by the BBC. Taking place in Swaziland each year and drawing a crowd of around 25 000 music and art lovers, the three-day festival is not only a celebration, but promotes social responsibility supporting various projects. Expect an array of arts, culture, crafts, food and the best of music from the continent.
Lake of Stars Music Festival, Malawi
This annual three-day festival takes place in Malawi in one of the most picturesque locations in the town of Chintheche along the banks of Lake Malawi. Lake of Stars Music Festival is culmination of top African and European musical giants from various genres. The proceeds of the festival go toward charity.
Oppikoppi, South Africa
One of the biggest rock and alternative music festivals on the continent, Oppikoppi has had a impressive run since its inception in 1994. The festival has grown from a bar joint to a massive 7-fixed stage festival that hosts around 20 000 fans. Set up tent and experience a weekend of musical genius from local indie bands and the best chart toppers.
Afrikaburn, South Africa
Nestled in the heart of the Tankwa Karoo is the epic sensory experience that is Afrikaburn. What may be most notable about the festival is that no venders and branding are seen on sight, except for the selling of ice; just art, theme camps, music and performances over the course of the week. If you can make it to the main festival, there are other events hosted by the Afrikaburn community throughout the year such as Decompression and Streetopia.
Africa Festivals Music South Africa Special Events
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text:
Heidi est l'appellation des deux romans de la femme de lettres suisse alémanique Johanna Spyri publiés en 1880 et 1881. L'héroïne, une fillette, est devenue un personnage mythique de la Suisse et le roman fait partie des plus célèbres récits de la littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse.

Les romans

1880 : le premier roman

Titre original : Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre (L'apprentissage et les années de voyage de Heidi)
Titre français : Heidi (1882)

L'orpheline Heidi va habiter chez son grand-père sur un alpage au-dessus de Maienfeld dans le canton des Grisons, en Suisse, où elle devrait passer sa vie. Sa tante, Dete,  la laisse au grand-père avec soulagement, car la garde de l'enfant lui apparaît comme un fardeau. Elle s'empresse de repartir, laissant l'enfant et le vieillard ensemble. Bien que d'allure renfermé et rustre, le vieil homme finit par s'attacher à Heidi. Alors que la fillette a fini par apprivoiser son grand-père et qu'elle s'est acclimatée et a trouvé de nouveaux amis (le petit chevrier Pierre et sa grand-mère), sa tante qui doit légalement l'élever revient la chercher pour vivre à Francfort-sur-le-Main en Allemagne, où elle doit tenir compagnie à Clara Sesemann, une parente des patrons de la tante d'Heidi, qui est paralysée. Mais Heidi est nostalgique de son alpage et tombe malade. Elle pourra finalement retourner chez son grand-père.

1881 : le deuxième roman
Titre original : Heidi kann brauchen, was es gelernt hat (Heidi peut utiliser ce qu'elle a appris)
Titre français : Heidi grandit (1882)

Clara voudrait bien rendre visite à Heidi sur son alpage, mais elle est d'abord en trop mauvaise santé pour y aller. C'est donc le docteur, ami de M. Sesemann, qui fait le voyage jusqu'en Suisse. Heidi, qui lui est reconnaissante d'avoir permis son retour chez son grand-père, l'accueille avec joie et lui fait découvrir sa vie à la montagne. Pendant ce temps la santé de Clara périclite. Que faire pour l'aider ? Heidi a une idée : Clara pourrait peut-être la rejoindre sur l'alpage.

Les personnages

 Heidi :  une fillette qui a 5 ans au début du premier roman et doit avoir environ 9 ans à la fin du deuxième. Elle est orpheline, mais va être récompensée par le destin. Son nom de baptême est Adélaïde (Adelheid dans le texte original allemand). Comme c'est la coutume en Suisse alémanique, les gens du pays utilisent toujours le diminutif de « Heidi ». Sa mère avait aussi le nom de baptême d'Adelheid. Son père s'appelait Tobias.
 Peter :  le petit chevrier (garçon qui garde les chèvres du village). Il ne va pas volontiers à l'école puisque l'apprentissage de la lecture ne lui réussit pas. Il vit avec sa mère, Brigitte, et sa grand-mère aveugle dans une maison située entre Dörfli et le chalet du grand-père de Heidi. Il est le meilleur ami de celle-ci et est jaloux de Clara.
 le grand-père : père de Tobias et donc grand-père paternel de Heidi. Misanthrope, il vit comme un ermite dans son chalet. Les habitants du village l'appellent « l'oncle de l'Alpe ».  Sa petite-fille, Heidi, le rapproche à nouveau des hommes dont il s'était écarté.
 Dete : appelée par les gens du village « la cousine Dete », sœur de la mère de Heidi, Adelheid (donc sa tante maternelle). Lorsque cette dernière meurt, après la mort de Tobias, son mari, Dete recueille Heidi, alors âgée d'un an.  Lorsque Heidi aura cinq ans, Dete obtiendra une bonne place de travail dans une famille à Francfort et devra confier Heidi à son grand-père.
 Clara Sesemann : c'est une fillette d'environ 12 ans, paralysée, issue d'une riche famille. Elle vit dans une grande ville allemande, Francfort-sur-le-Main. Sa mère est disparue, son père quant à lui est constamment en voyage et a peu de temps à lui consacrer. Grâce à Heidi, elle se libère de sa solitude puis de sa souffrance.
 Monsieur Sesemann : père de Clara, riche homme d'affaires souvent en voyage.
 Madame Sesemann : mère de Monsieur Sesemann, elle vient de temps en temps à Francfort rendre visite à Clara, mais ne peut y rester à cause de sa santé. Elle apporte un peu de variété dans la vie monotone de Clara et apprendra à Heidi à lire.
 Fräulein Rottenmeier (en français mademoiselle Rougemont) : gouvernante de la maison de Monsieur Sesemann, elle est sévère et exigeante, mais elle aime sincèrement Clara dont elle a la charge… Malheureusement, elle ne comprend pas Heidi, qu'elle considère comme une sauvageonne qui doit être élevée strictement.
 Le docteur Classen (en français docteur Réroux) : ami de la famille Sesemann, il soigne Clara. C'est lui qui diagnostiquera le mal du pays de Heidi et persuadera Monsieur Sesemann de la renvoyer auprès de son grand-père dans les Alpes.

Contexte

L'ère industrielle, avec ses bouleversements sociaux, est à l'origine du succès de ces romans.

Il réside dans la confrontation de l'univers alpestre, naturel et sain, avec la vie citadine en mutation industrielle à laquelle sont associées la maladie et l'indifférence.

Reconnaissance

Les romans ont très vite été traduits dans le monde entier en plus de cinquante langues. En français : Heidi (1882) et Heidi grandit (1882). Le roman s'appelle « Heidi - La petite fille des Alpes » (アルプスの少女ハイジ) au Japon.

Charles Tritten (qui fut l'un des traducteurs en français) a écrit des suites à l'histoire. Il y eut de nombreuses adaptations pour le cinéma, la télévision, la radio et la scène. Un dessin animé réalisé au Japon (1974) a également connu une diffusion internationale.

En 2022, la cinéaste suisse Anita Hugi présente "Le cauchemar de Heidi", film documentaire qui reflète l'impact mondial de l'histoire crée par Johanna Spyri (1827-1901) et la création de la série d'animation japonaise Heidi, en visitant les lieux de l'histoire avec l'animateur japonais Yoichi Kotabe. Le film documentaire "Le cauchemar de Heidi", co-produit par Arte et la SSR, est aussi le premier portrait de la créatrice de Heidi, Johanna Spyri. Sa voix est lue par l'actrice suisse Marthe Keller.

Les suites de Heidi
Entre les années 1930 et 50 l'éditeur Flammarion publié cinqu suites à l'histoire de Heidi, quatre écrit par Charles Tritten et un par Nathalie Gala :
 Heidi jeune fille (1936) par Charles Tritten
 Au pays de Heidi (1938) par Charles Tritten
 Heidi et ses enfants (1939) par Charles Tritten
 Heidi grand'mère (1941) par Charles Tritten
Le sourire de Heidi (1955) par Nathalie Gala

En Suisse, en 2001, à l'occasion du  anniversaire de la mort de Johanna Spyri, une pièce de monnaie commémorative lui est dédiée, de même qu'un timbre-poste en 1951.

Adaptations

Films

 1920 : Heidi, film muet américain de Frederick A. Thomson, avec Madge Evans ;

 1937 : Heidi, film de Allan Dwan avec Shirley Temple (Heidi) ;

 1952 : Heidi, film suisse-allemand de Luigi Comencini, avec Elsbeth Sigmund (Heidi), Thomas Klameth (Peter) et Heinrich Gretler (le grand-père). Succès aux États-Unis (300 copies dans 4300 salles) ;

 1955 : Heidi et Pierre, suite du film précédent, réalisé par Franz Schnyder, avec les mêmes acteurs ( film suisse en couleur) ;

 1958 : A Gift for Heidi de George Templeton ;

 1965 : Heidi, film autrichien réalisé par Werner Jacobs, avec Eva-Maria Singhammer dans le rôle de Heidi ;

 1982 : Les Malheurs de Heidi (Heidi's Song), film musical animé de Robert Taylor ;

 1990 : Heidi - Le sentier du courage (Courage Mountain), film américain de Christopher Leitch, avec Charlie Sheen dans le rôle de Peter. Les personnages de Heidi et de Peter sont ici des adolescents amoureux pendant la Première Guerre mondiale ;

 1995 : Heidi, film d'animation japonais de Toshiyuki Hiruma Takashi, produit par Jetlag Productions ;

 1998 : Heidi, court métrage d'animation suisse-allemand d'Alain Gsponer ;

 2001 : Heidi, film suisse de Markus Imboden qui présente une histoire de Heidi en situant l'histoire en 2001 ;

 2002 : Heidi, film allemand d'Albert Hanan Kaminski ;

 2005 : Heidi, film d'animation canadien, allemand et britannique, réalisé par Robert Alvarez, produit par Nelvana Limited, Telemagination et TV-Loonland AG, d'après le roman original de 1881 ;

 2005 : Heidi, film britannique de Paul Marcus, avec Emma Bolger (Heidi) et Max von Sydow ;

 2015 : Heidi, film suisse d'Alain Gsponer, avec Anuk Steffen et Bruno Ganz.

Séries télévisées

 1953 : Heidi et ses amis (Heidi), série télévisée britannique en 6 épisodes, avec Julia Lockwood, Roger Maxwell, Vari Falconer ;

 1959 : Heidi, série télévisée britannique de la BBC, avec Sara O'Connor ;

 1968 : Heidi, téléfilm américain de Delbert Mann, avec Jennifer Edwards, Maximilian Schell et Michael Redgrave ;

 1974 : Heidi (Arupusu no Shōjo Haiji), série animée japonaise d'Isao Takahata (52 épisodes) ;

 1974 : Heidi, série télévisée britannique de la BBC, avec Emma Blake ;

 1978 : Heidi, série télévisée suisse-allemande en 26 épisodes avec Katia Polletin (Heidi), Stefan Arpagaus (Peter) et Katharina Böhm (Clara) ;

 1993 : Heidi, mini-série américano-italo-suisse de Disney Channel Premiere Films, réalisée par Michael Ray Rhodes, avec Noley Thornton (Heidi) et Jane Seymour ( Rougemont) ;

 1991 : dessin animé Heidi, Japon, alternatif : "Sugar & Spice : Heidi" - États-Unis ;

 2001 : remake du dessin animé japonais de 1974 ;

 2007 : Heidi 15 ans, série télévisée suisse (26 épisodes basés sur la vie de Heidi à l'adolescence) ;

 2015 : Heidi, série animée en 65 épisodes produite en 3D par Studio 100 Animation. C'est un remake en images de synthèse de la série animée japonaise de 1974 ;

 2017 : Heidi, bienvenida a casa, telenovela italo-argentine créée et produit par Marcela Citterio pour Nickelodeon Latin America, avec Chiara Francia (Heidi), basé sur le roman original de 1881.

Spectacles
 2000 : Adaptation théâtrale par Emanuelle delle Piane au petit théâtre de Lausanne
 2004 : comédie musicale intitulée Heidi - Das Musical, à Walenstadt

Bande dessinée
 1976-1977 : Heidi, 21 cahiers, éditions Bastei
 1977-1981 : Heidi, 179 cahiers, éditions Bastei
 1978 : Heidi, 1 album, éditions Bastei
 1978-1979 : Heidi, 8 livres de poche, éditions Bastei
 1978-1981 : Heidi, 4 livres de poche, éditions Condor
 1979 : Heidi cahier spécial bande dessinée, 1 cahier, éditions Condor
 1980-1984 : Heidi, 9 livres de poche, éditions Bastei
 1987-1988 : Heidi, 28 cahiers, éditions Bastei
 2017 : Heidi au printemps, de Marie Spénale, éditions Delcourt

Hommages

La région de Walenstadt s'est proclamée en 1997 « Heidiland » (littéralement : « le pays de Heidi »).

L'astéroïde (2521) Heidi, découvert en 1979 par l'astronome suisse Paul Wild, est nommé en l'honneur de Heidi.

Notes et références

Webographie
 .
 Anita Hugi: Le cauchemar de Heidi. Film documentaire, 2022, produit par Narrative Boutique, ARTE, SRG SSR, avec la participation de Yoichi Kotabe, Petra Volpe et la voix de Marthe Keller

Liens externes

  Œuvres libres du projet Gutenberg

Roman suisse du XIXe siècle
Roman paru en 1880
Œuvre de littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse
Personnage de littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse
Personnage de fiction féminin
Personnage de film dramatique
Roman suisse adapté à la télévision
Roman suisse adapté au cinéma
Roman pour l'enfance et la jeunesse
Roman adapté en bande dessinée
Roman se déroulant en Suisse
Orphelin de fiction
Éponyme d'un objet céleste