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D.C. Delegation urges SBA to include more MS businesses in 'Paycheck Protection Program'
Courtesy of Senator Roger Wicker's Office
The entire Mississippi congressional delegation, which includes U.S. Senators Roger Wicker, R-Miss., and Cindy Hyde-Smith, R-Miss., and U.S. Representatives Bennie Thompson, D-Miss., Steven Palazzo, R-Miss., Trent Kelly, R-Miss., and Michael Guest, R-Miss., today sent a letter to U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) Administrator Jovita Carranza requesting the SBA issue new agency guidance to include more Mississippi small businesses in the federal Paycheck Protection Program.
Under the current guidance that SBA has issued to lending institutions, significant numbers of employees in Mississippi could be left without support from the Paycheck Protection Program because of the method that SBA is using to count employees for small businesses.
"These workers are the ones who will bear the brunt of negative impacts if the businesses they work for do not receive the same treatment as those defined under SBA's current small business rules. Their companies should have a chance to apply," the delegation wrote.
The Paycheck Protection Program, which was included in the recently passed Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, is designed to encourage small businesses of all types to keep their workers on the payroll. The delegation is asking SBA to address discrepancies between SBA's definition of small businesses and the definition used by the Department of Labor to implement other federal programs designed to mitigate the impact of the coronavirus outbreak on the economy.
Today was the first day that eligible entities could apply for the low-interest loans, which are fully forgivable if employers use the loans to support payroll, rent, mortgage interest, or utilities. Interested businesses can visit the SBA website for more information on how to apply.
The full text of the delegation's letter is below:
Dear Administrator Carranza,
We write to call your attention to small businesses in the State of Mississippi and across the United States who will be excluded from participation in the Paycheck Protection Program because of the joint ownership affiliation rules provided by the Small Business Administration (SBA).
We are concerned about a discrepancy in the treatment of affiliated businesses under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA; P.L. 116-127) and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136). Given the severe constraints businesses are facing, we ask that the Department of Labor (DOL) and SBA apply linear small business definitions as they relate to guidance or regulations to which small businesses are subject.
Based on the interim final rule released on April 2, 2020, SBA intends to apply the affiliation rules under CFR 121.103 for the purposes of determining whether or not an employer has over 500 employees. Under that regulation, SBA looks at ownership, and all employees of all businesses owned by the same owner(s) are counted. In DOL's Question and Answer with respect to the FFCRA, DOL chose to adopt the "integrated employer test" under CFR 825.104 to determine whether two or more entities are separate or combined for the purposes of determining the number of employees.
SBA's affiliation rules are customarily used to determine whether an owner's application for loans under the Small Business Act should be granted. When making a loan for the benefit of an owner, it is appropriate to consider the owner's total financial capabilities, including any joint ownership. The Paycheck Protection Program, however, was adopted to protect employees, including those who work for a business with less than 500 people but may fall under a larger subsidiary or affiliation. These workers are the ones who will bear the brunt of negative impacts if the businesses they work for do not receive the same treatment as those defined under SBA's current small business rules. Their companies should have a chance to apply.
We ask that SBA issue additional guidance either to waive the current affiliation rules or, in the alternative, to at least adopt the integrated employer test under CFR 825.104 with respect to small businesses applying to receive loans under the Paycheck Protection Program.
Roger F. Wicker, United States Senator
Cindy Hyde-Smith, United States Senator
Bennie G. Thompson, Member of Congress
Steven Palazzo, Member of Congress
Trent Kelly, Member of Congress
Michael Guest, Member of Congress
The post D.C. Delegation urges SBA to include more MS businesses in 'Paycheck Protection Program' appeared first on News Mississippi.


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100g of our pure Suri Alpaca yarn will be approximately 450m long.
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Our Suri Alpaca yarn is normally sold in 50g skeins that are approximately 225m long. If you prefer a different weight for your project or your yarn in a ball or on a cone please contact us. Quantities are limited so make sure you order enough for your project.
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Home > Undergraduate Research & Artistry > Honors Capstone Projects > 1150
The effect of temperatures above 37°C on collagen denaturation in a physiological environment
Leann Pushee
Johnson-Wint, Barbara
Currently, no published study exists examining the effect of raised temperatures on Type 1 collagen fibril denaturation in a physiological environment. This study hypothesizes that some proportion of collagen in a physiological environment melts gradually as the temperature is increased above body temperature, and that the proportion will increase at a specific temperature with added time, until the rate of melting is slowed and a plateau is reached. This investigation will aid in a better understanding of how collagen reacts to any situation where the temperature of the connective tissue increases above normal. The temperatures measured were between 37°C (rat body temperature) and 45°C, at varying times from 0-2880 minutes. At specified times, aliquots of supernatant were drawn for analysis from a sample containing rat tail tendon collagen and complete supplement solution. Acid hydrolysis was performed and hydroxyproline assays were used to determine the amount of hydroxyproline in each sample. The hydroxyproline values were then converted into collagen amounts. In each case, aside from 44°C and 45 °C, a plateau was reached where the percentage of collagen denatured did not significantly increase. At 37°C and 38°C, there was little change of the percent denatured from start to finish. However, by 41°C, the melting occurring between 0 minutes and 240 minutes was significant. The only sample that completely melted was at 43°C. If given additional time, it appears that the 44°C and 45°C samples also would have fully denatured.
Pushee, Leann, "The effect of temperatures above 37°C on collagen denaturation in a physiological environment" (2000). Honors Capstones. 1150.
https://huskiecommons.lib.niu.edu/studentengagement-honorscapstones/1150
9 unnumbered pages

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Lupton City is a neighborhood located in the northern part of Chattanooga Tennessee and north of the Tennessee River. The neighborhood has the Tennessee River that borders to the south, Dupont Park to the east, the Fairfax Heights neighborhood to the north, and Rivermont to the west. Residents have easy access to Downtown Chattanooga and other nearby commercial centers and industrial parks. There are shopping centers, restaurants, and other local businesses along Hixson Pike that's north of the neighborhood. Families in the area are also conveniently close to schools, churches, outdoor parks, and many more establishments throughout the city. The highlight of the community is Lupton City Golf Club which is situated on the southern side of the neighborhood.
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Our beloved mother, Paula Elizabeth (Benage) Winkel, passed away on November 28, 2018, at the age of 97. She and her twin brother, Paul, were born to Nettie and Ivan Benage on August 24, 1921 in Bristow, Iowa, joining siblings George, Avis, and Leah. Her father passed away of cancer at the age of 37, and her mother brought all five children to Oregon by train. Nettie later married Roy Paddock and they welcomed another brother, Patric, into their family. Paula was the last remaining sibling from this family.
Paula graduated from Oregon City High School in 1939. She married Harold Winkel in 1942. They owned and operated the Penny Cash Market at the foot of the Oregon City elevator, then bought the Buckles Grocery Store and later Ritter's Grocery Store in the Willamette area of West Linn. They worked side by side in the grocery stores and served their community well as they extended credit for groceries for mill workers and families in need, assisted with the Cub and Boy Scouts, and were active in public service and affairs.
Paula and Harold were married 62 years before Harold passed away on Christmas Day, 2004. They were blessed with and adored by three children, Robert (Anna), Linda Roethe (John) and Ronald (deceased in 2017), seven grand-children, 20 great grandchildren, and 3 great-great grandchildren.
Paula resided at several facilities in the Oregon City area and recently moved to Willamette View Health Center. The family wishes to express their heart-felt thanks for the excellent care she received at Willamette View as well as Bristol Hospice.
Viewing will be at Holman-Hankins-Bowker and Waud located at 715 7th Street in Oregon City on Monday, December 3rd from 1-4 PM.
Services will be held at Zion Lutheran Church, 710 Jefferson Street, Oregon City, on Tuesday, December 4th at 10 AM with reception following at the church. Private interment will be at Mt. View Cemetery.
Memorial contributions may be made to the Blue Heron Foundation at Willamette View, 12705 SE River Rd., Portland, OR 97222 or Zion Lutheran Church.


On the surface, Canadians and Americans have a lot in common. Most of them look relatively similar, speak the same language, and have a comparable outlook on life. Marketing to Canadians (or any consumer group) can be tough and we attempt to provide those looking to break into a new market with a few tips and best practices!
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In this segment, we sit down with Robert Laplante, President and Founder of Media-Corps. Media-Corps is a Canadian advertising and marketing agency helping U.S brands reach the vast Canadian market. Robert, a Canada native, started Media-Corps in 2007 and has an extensive knowledge of how to make meaningful impressions on our neighbors to the north.
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The last section continues with more details required in building a checklist for entering the Canadian market. This covers everything from conducting thorough market research and the media buying process.
If you are interested in getting your brand message out in Canada, listen in for some key strategies and tidbits to get the ball rolling!
Kevin Svec recently joined Sam Wheeler in hosting "This Week in Marketing". He is a senior copywriter and content strategist at E2M Solutions Inc. – a digital marketing agency specializing in SEO, Content Marketing, Web Design, and Copywriting. In his spare time, Kevin enjoys managing and writing for his travel website called Impulsive Wanderlust.


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Journal of Forensic Research and Criminal Investigation
Impact of Tools on the Acquisition of RAM Memory
Marcos Fuentes Martínez*
Corresponding Author: Marcos Fuentes Martínez, Guardia Civil, Spain
Received: November 11, 2020; Revised: December 09, 2020; Accepted: January 01, 2021 Available Online: April 18, 2021
Citation: Martínez MF. (2021) Impact of Tools on the Acquisition of RAM Memory. J Forensic Res Criminal Investig, 3(2): 57-63.
Copyrights: ©2021 Martínez MF. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
When responding to a security incident in a system, a number of basic principles must be followed regarding the collection of evidences of the system. The capture of these evidences has to be done according to its order of volatility. In this sense, RAM memory constitutes the most important element to capture, given its extreme volatility. RAM memory must be acquired and analyzed because the data it holds, which may belong to the system itself or to any other device connected to it, can survive a certain amount of time in it. Since RAM is a constantly changing element, it must be stranded out that any action carried on the system under analysis will modify the contents of the RAM. In this article a comparative and an objective analysis has been carried out, showing the impact that the execution of some tools for the capture of RAM has on the system. This comparative study details both the private shared workspaces, for each of the processes executed by each of the tools used.
Keywords: DFIR, Digital Forensics, Incident response, RAM Memory, Windows, Impact of tools
When acting on a security incident of any kind, document RFC 3227 (1), which sets out basic guidelines for action, must be taken into account. Among many other interesting aspects, as the first person who can intervene a System, are the guiding principles during evidence collection, which says that evidence should be collected from the most volatile to the least volatile, specifying this in point 2.1, on the order of volatility.
When intervening in a living system for subsequent analysis, the first technical action to be carried out is to dump the RAM. Due to the extreme volatility of RAM, its acquisition is a fundamental phase in the evidence collection.
It should be remembered that, in any case, RAM can and should be captured and analyzed because, sometimes, studying the non-volatile data will not be enough.
When studying a forensic image of a RAM, one plays with a certain advantage in the analysis. In the RAM there may bed at a that correspond to other data stored on the hard disk, or other types of data may be found, called an onymous data, which are not stored on the hard disk. Therefore, action must be taken quickly, altering, as little as possible, the RAM you want to capture.
The more time that passes, as well as the more activity that has taken place in the system, the less options exist to be able to recover useful information from the RAM memory because, this one, is constantly changing. Therefore, when using tools to capture RAM memory in alive system, it is altered and, therefore, the image of RAM memory that is being acquired is also altered. Because RAM memory does not freeze. Data can survive in RAM for a certain time.
For example, an image file that has been opened on a system from an external device could be recovered, with them eta data properties, through thumb nails or, even, fragmented; a carving can be made on the forensic image in the RAM, or, more effectively, on its memory pages; a timeline of this element can be carried out; hashes and/or credentials that are in use can be obtained from, for example, encrypted content in the System; Windows Registry hives, Event Logs, etc., can be exported; processes in execution, historical processes, hidden processes or network connections can be seen, just to give some examples. Everything will depend on the time elapsed since the action of the incident and the actions carried out in the System after wards. Very interesting and valuable data can be extracted from the RAM, which could consist of a type of information that Is key to the satisfactory resolution of the case. Depending on the type of case, it could even be solved with the analysis of the RAM memory.
Without a doubt, each scenario must be valued because, each one of them, will present its peculiarities and characteristics.
For example, it is not the same case, nor does it require the same study, the analysis of an email header as a case where child pornography or terrorism content is found.
But, before starting to analyse the RAM, it must be captured. For this reason, it is vital to choose the right tool to use to capture as much useful information as possible.
Many articles have spoken, on many occasions, of the existing tools available to carry out such an action, explaining its basic operation. But nothing has been said about the impact that the execution of these tools has on the RAM that we want to acquire.
Since the aim of acquiring RAM in a system is to collect as much useful information as possible, and since the integrityof that memory must be maintained in the best possible way, this study has been carried out, to show the impact of some of the most frequently used tools on the acquisition of RAM.
The data exposed shows the resource consumption of the memory itself, in its private space and in its shared space, for each of the processes executed by each tool, and the RAM acquisition time. Both factors, running processes and time, are key elements.
Two tests were carried out for this study, using two versions of Windows 10. The first system consists of a Windows 10, in its compilation number 17763.253, with an allocated RAM of 4,096 MB. This System has been downloaded from the official Microsoftsite (2) virtualized under Virtual Box (3) . The second system consists of a Windows 10, in its compilation number 17763.292, being a physical system, without virtualization, that has 15,306 MB of RAM memory.
To monitor the processes running on the various RAM acquisition tools, the 'Process Explorer' (4 5 6) tool has been chosen, in its version 16.22, which is available on Microsoft's official website (7).
The values that have been taken into account as a reference are those related to the private workspace, which consists of the memory dedicated to that monitored process, and which is not shared with other processes, as well as the workspace that is shared with other processes. This size is measured in kilobytes.
The reference values that have been taken into account for the execution times are those relating to the time marks corresponding to the creation and modification of the forensic image of the RAM, because the file is created at the same time as the dump of the RAM begins and is last modified when the last data is recorded, this is, the last bit.
In order not to lose any detail during the acquisition of the dumps, it has been decided to record the whole process on video, using the 'Record that' function of the 'Game Bar', which incorporates Windows 10 system (8).
Regarding the tool s tested, it has been decided to use some that are free of charge and more widely used, such as those listed below:
Belkasoft Live RAM Capturer (9-10).
DumpIT, in its version 3.0.20190124.1 (11).
FTK Imager Lite, in its version 3.1.1 (12).
Magnet RAM Capture, in its version 1.1.2 (13).
Memorize, in its version 3.0 (14).
Winpmem, in its version 3.2 (15).
Belkasoft Live RAM Capturer
During the acquisition of the RAM memory with this tool, two processes has been executed: The 'Ram Capture64.exe' process, as the parent process, and a child process 'con host.exe'. The 'conhost.exe' process is responsible for opening instances for each Windows console. That is, for each Windows console that is opened, a process 'conhost.exe' will appear.
The 'Ram Capture64.exe' process has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, from 1,872-1,988, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 1,1476-11,672.
The process 'conhost.exe' has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 7,260-7,344, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 16,768-16,816.
The time it took this tool to acquire the complete memory of the system was 3.150000003 minutes, as it can be seen from the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
DumpIt
This tool can be executed in two different ways: directly from the executable itself, or from a cmd console, where some parameters can be configured. Depending on how the tool is executed, some values can be found or others.
If this tool is executed from the executable itself, two processes can be found: 'DumpIT.exe', as the parent process, and a child process 'conhost.exe'.
The process 'DumpIT.exe' has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, from 1,644-1,988, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 8,980-9,028.
The process 'conhost.exe' has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 7,104-7,296, as
minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 17,132-17,200.
The time it took this tool to acquire the complete RAM memory of the system, with this type of execution, was 7.716666658 minutes, as it can be seen in the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
However, if this tool is executed from the cmd console, where some parameters can be configured, the parent process 'cmd.exe' can be seen, with its child process 'conhost.exe', and the parent process 'DumpIT.exe', with its child process 'conhost.exe'.
The 'cmd.exe' process has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 6,108-11,484, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 14,460-16,776.
The process 'conhost.exe', dependent on the process 'cmd.exe', has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 8,520-8,524, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 22,180-22,284.
The process 'DumpIT.exe' has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 1,688-1,776, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 8,900-8,988.
The time it took this tool to acquire the complete RAM of the system, with this type of execution, was 4.8666662 minutes, as it can be seen in the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
FTK Imager Lite
During the acquisition of the RAM with this tool, a single process called 'FTK Imager.exe' was executed.
This process has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 21,588-22,024, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 50,764-51,744.
The time it took this tool to acquire the complete RAM memory of the system was 3.5833333 minutes, as it can be seen from the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
Magnet RAM Capture
During the acquisition of the RAM with this tool, a single process called 'MagnetRAMCapture.exe' has been executed.
This process has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 9,656-10,484, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 32,812-34,296.
The time it took this tool to acquire the full RAM of the system was 4.066666664 minutes, as it can be seen from the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
Memoryze
This tool is executed through the cmd console, so the following processes were presented during the acquisition: a parent process 'cmd.exe' with a child 'conhost.exe' process, and a parent process 'Memorize.exe' with a child 'conhost.exe' process. In addition to these processes, a 'netsh.exe' process is presented at the end of the acquisition, which is a command line utility, dependent on the 'Memoryze.exe' process.
The 'Memoryze.exe' process has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 3,616-3,644, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 11,860-11,960.
The process 'netsh.exe', has presented a memory consumption, in its private space, of 980. In its shared memory it has presented a value of 120.
The time that this tool took to acquire the complete RAM memory of the system, with this type of execution, was 6.583333332 minutes, as it can be seen in the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
Winpmem
This tool, which is executed via the cmd command line, will have a parent process 'cmd.exe', with two dependent processes: 'conhost.exe' and 'winpmem_3.2.exe'.
The 'cmd.exe' process has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, of 2,828-5,920, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 4,944-4,992.
The process 'winpmem_3.2.exe' has presented a range of consumption values, in its private space, from 1,840-3,824, as minimum and maximum values. In its shared memory it has oscillated between 6,720-8,948.
The time it took this tool to acquire the complete RAM memory of the system was 5.116666668 minutes, as it can be seen from the time stamps relating to the creation and modification of the memory image.
This tool allows the capture of memory using the network, which can be carried out using the Net catutility, but this would mean setting up another extraordinary process under the name 'nc.exe' that would have a memory consumption, in its private workspace, of about 624Kb.
Any tool for RAM memory acquisition will always dump the entire memory of the system. All the files generated will have the same size unless they are compressed or splitted.
In the case of performing the acquisition process with the Winpmem tool, the resulting file will be larger than the system's memory because, in addition to this, it extracts and acquires other types of data. For this reason, the resulting file will be a '.zip' file, which is a container that cannot be directly analysed and which must be decompressed. Inside it, the image of the physical memory is found under the name of 'Physical Memory'.
It has been commented in some articles that, some tools, give problems with RAM sizes over 8 GB. This is not true. The main problem that exist s is that the memory profile is not identified correctly The forensic image profile of the RAM must be. correctly identified before proceeding with the analysis of the memory. All the memory images created with the tools shown in this study can be analysed with the appropriate tools, such as Volatility.
Objective data: Acquisition times
The objective data of the tests they have carried out are set out below. The first data to be presented will be the one relating to time. The time, established in seconds, that a tool takes to acquire the System's RAM memory.
As it can be seen (Figure 1), in the tests run, the fastest tool has been Belkasoft Live RAM Capturer, while the slowest has been DumpIT, running from the command prompt, where a format type and output path were specified. However, the DumpIT tool, if executed directly, without using the Command Prompt, is not the slowest, leaving that position to Memoryze. The difference between the fastest and slowest tool is 274 seconds.
As mentioned at the beginning of this article, RAM memory is constantly changing. In other words, it contains highly volatile information. Therefore, the 274 second difference between the fastest and slowest tool is a very long time. With the course of this time, the possibilities of recovering elements of interest decrease. Elements that, with a proper intervention, could be found in the RAM memory.
Objective data: RAM memory consumption
Below are the objective data regarding RAM consumption, in its private workspace, for each of the tools tested. This consumption is measured in Kilobytes.
Because memory is constantly changing, processes will never have a single value. And they will not even present the same range of values in another similar execution.
In the tests carried out (Figure 2), the tool that has used the fewest private resources has been DumpIT, with a minimum value of 1,644 Kilobytes, compared to the 21,588 Kilobytes used by FTK Imager Lite. Even at maximum values, the DumpIT tool consumes few er resources, with a maximum value of 1,988 Kilobytes (16), as opposed to the 22,024 Kilobytes maximum value of FTK Imager Lite. The difference between the two minimum values is 19,944 Kilobytes. A lot of information can be found in this space. Vital information that could be lost by not thinking about that consumption, in that size.
Maybe it could be thought, and believe, that these values, this comparison, are enough to determine whether to choose one tool or another. But you must also think about the rest of the processes that are executed by the system with each one of the tools, and about the work space shared with other processes. For this reason, the information corresponding to this data is also presented, where the values obtained with the total sum of the consumption of each of the tools are shown below.
As it can be seen (Figure 3), the tool with the lowest total consumption, in the tests carried out, was DumpIT, with direct execution, without the use of the cmd console, with a value of 24,860 Kilobytes. On the other hand, the tool with the highest consumption is Memoryze, with a total value of 88,264 Kilobytes. A difference in total consumption of 53,404 Kilobytes can be seen. Certainly, a huge amount of information can be saved, found and/or lost, in that workspace, in that size.
In this article it has been presented only some small tests that have been carried out with some of the free RAM acquisition tools and that are considered to be of more extended use. Other similar tests could be carried out with other tools.To name a few examples, this same study could be carried out,comparing as mallutility, such as MDD (17-18), with the OS Forensics suite (19 20 21).
Since RAM is constantly changing, no tool will have a single value, either in terms of resource consumption or time. It will not even display the same range of values in two different executions. It is not possible to obtain two identical RAM dumps. It all depends on the case. Everything depends on the system. Everything depends on what is being executed at that moment.
In my humble opinion, I believe that this study is an excellent way to compare the way in which the different tools works, without making subjective assessments, full of interests or opinions, since it is a question of presenting objective data in a real environment.
Each user can use the tool with which is most comfortable, regardless of which one it is, without taking into consideration what has been seen in this article, or, it can be taken into consideration that, since memory presents very volatile, constantly changing information,one must choose carefully what is going to be executed and how it is going to be executed.
Each user can evaluate only one factor in the use of the tools or can take into account everything that needs to be evaluated: The memory consumption of each of the tools, both in their private and in the shared workspaces, the time that each tool invests in carrying out its function, or the fact that there are tools that provide a final report with information on the memory profile that has been worked on.
The final objective of this work is to show that the tool to be used must be well chosen and that the impact that this tool has on the RAM of the system must be calculated. A memory that is being acquired to carry out a later study on it. A study that contains key information for the resolution of a case. Information that will be lost if the appropriate tool is not used properly.
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"This is a copy edited, publisher-produced PDF of an article published in the International Journal of Cyber Forensics and Advanced Threat Investigations (CFATI): [2020]. Some rights reserved. The definitive publisher-authenticated version
Fuentes Martínez, M. (2020). Impact Of Tools On The Acquisition Of RAM Memory. International Journal of Cyber Forensics and Advanced Threat Investigations is available online at [https://conceptechint.net/index.php/CFATI/article/view/12]."
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text:
Orphan Sunday addresses what can be done for millions of children suffering loss
By Katey HearthNovember 1, 2013
International (CAFO/MNN) — There are more orphans in the world today than at any other time in history. 153 million children, or roughly half the U.S. population, have lost one or both parents. These kids are the focus of Orphan Sunday coming up on November 3.
(Image courtesy Orphan Outreach)
Orphan Outreach's Tiffany Taylor says it's a wake-up call for the Church.
"This is a huge problem, and God is really calling up Christians to care for these children," she states.
In parts of sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS and conflict has wiped out almost an entire generation of adults, and governments are hard-pressed to meet the growing demands of displaced children in staggering proportions in their nations. In East Africa, two groups are tackling the crisis later this month with a conference promoting domestic adoption, the first of its kind.
It is estimated that in Africa, over 10% of the population are orphaned children.
"The statistics are just not good for children who grow up in orphanages," says Taylor.
"Many of them, within the first three years of graduating from the orphanage, commit suicide; they certainly are prey for those in the mafia, in the sex trade. They just don't have the living skills to cope and to live independently."
Jodi Jackson Tucker serves as International Director of Orphan Sunday with the Christian Alliance for Orphans (CAFO), a coalition of 150 orphan-serving organizations.
"Children who lack parents are the number one target for human trafficking and every other exploitation and suffering," explains Tucker. "But churches are stepping up for these kids in powerful ways across the globe. Orphan Sunday calls more Christians to action."
Throughout history, Christians have placed special focus on the plight of orphans. That commitment is reawakening in a big way, from orphan care ministries to international and indigenous adoption. Tucker and her husband have adopted five children—one from the U.S. and four from Uganda.
Worldwide, it is estimated that millions of children have lost at least one parent. In the U.S., more than 100,000 children in the foster care system have been legally terminated from the hope of reunification with their biological parents, and are now waiting to be adopted.
Without the protection of caring families, children face huge risk of sex trafficking, famine, extreme poverty and other abuses.
One study in Eastern Europe found that children growing up in orphanages are ten times more likely to fall prey to sex trafficking than others. Even in the U.S., research suggests that 75 percent of children exploited sexually for commercial purposes previously spent time in foster care.
These children age out of the foster care system and have nowhere to go. Without a support network or family they become easy prey. Christians are being called to change this crisis and rescue the next generation.
This weekend, thousands of churches in over 50 nations will celebrate Orphan Sunday. Pray orphans around the world learn they are loved by the Lord. Pray more believers step forward to show that love in word and deed.
You might not have time to organize and event or prepare a sermon, but you can still make a difference.
"Many people like to take action by adoption, but that's just a very small percentage of the children. I think last year maybe 10,000 children were adopted internationally (into the U.S.)," says Taylor.
"The real way people can make a change is by getting their church and their community and their friends to understand about the needs and partner with organizations that are making a difference for orphans every day."
One way Orphan Outreach is making a difference this Orphan Sunday is through their "Undies for Orphans" campaign. They're encouraging churches and believers worldwide to collect children's underwear and send them to Orphan Outreach's headquarters.
"You may think that's kind of a silly thing," Taylor notes. "But I have to tell you, it's so desperately needed by orphans across the world and it's something very easy and inexpensive to collect."
The mission of Orphan Outreach is to glorify the Lord Jesus Christ by ministering to orphans around the world, by meeting their spiritual, physical, emotional and educational needs. Undies are an urgent need, and providing them opens a door to share the Gospel.
How can you take part in Orphan Sunday?
"We really encourage people to use this Sunday to raise awareness, but then to put that awareness into action, to do something to change the life of an orphan," says Taylor.
The Orphan Sunday celebration began eleven years ago in Zambia, and has spread to churches globally that are seeking to respond to the orphan crisis. Every event is unique and locally organized, from concerts and student gatherings to sermons and sponsorship drives.
These celebrations highlight the needs of orphans and how ordinary people can make a difference in the life of one. Tucker has seen firsthand both the need and the compelling ways families and churches like hers are responding worldwide.
"The big statistics are overwhelming," says Tucker. "It just takes one caring adult to transform the life of a child. One child at a time, we can change the course of history."
Click here for more about the Christian Alliance for Orphans.
christian alliance for orphansorphan sundaytiffany taylorundies for orphans
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Tiffany Taylor, Orphan Outreach
Pray orphans around the world learn they are loved by the Lord.
Pray more believers step forward to show that love in word and deed.
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Join Sally for a date in Halloween Town with this teenage Jack Skellington costume! The licensed Disney costume includes a jacket, bow tie, and ascot. The jacket is made of polyester and looks just like the one seen in the movie with its black and white pin stripes and jagged tail. The jacket closes just below the sternum with Velcro. The bow tie is made of vinyl and painted to look like Jack's bat bow tie. The bow tie also has wire inside to help keep its intended shape. Finally, the white ascot easily ties around the neck. Don't keep Sally waiting!


No one likes the night sweats, stay cool with our Cooling Comforter. Engineered with Cool-to-the-Touch fabric and made with mineral rock infused fibers, this comforter is sure to keep you comfortable through the night.
Made to fit your lifestyle, the Cooling Comforter is a reversible comforter, one side is cool to the touch while the other side is a soft terry-cloth made to induce a relaxing sleep. They come in twin, full/queen and king.
Shell Front: (Pile) 80% Polyester, 20% Cotton, (Foundation) 100% Polyester, Shell Back: 75% Nylon, 25% Polyester, Filling: 100% Polyester.
Where is the comforter made?
Our cooling and temp regulating comforters are made in our factory in China.
How do I care for my comforter?
Both cooling and temp regulating comforter are machine washable. Please wash cold on gentle cycle and with a laundry net. Hand wash is preferred. Tumble dry low and remove from the dryer as soon as possible to keep from wrinkling. It's best to wash your comforter every three to four months.
Tell me more about the comforter.
One side of our cooling comforter has a cool to the touch feature that provides cooling sensation upon direct contact. The other side of this comforter is made of soft terrycloth for cooler weather. The two sides are reversible for year-round use.
What certifications do you have for your comforters?
Our cooling comforter uses our proprietary cool to the touch fabric.
Our temp regulating comforters uses special filling that control body temperature by wicking away moisture. This technology is called "cell solution" which is the winner of the german innovation award and has also been awarded the "Good Design Award" in Japan.
No, both cooling and temp regulating comforters use specific technologies for the functions they serve.
How should I wash/clean my comforter?
How should I use the comforter?
The cool-to-the-touch sensations of cooling comforters are most prominent when in contact with the body. Use the comforter by itself to feel the coolness of the comforter.
What's the difference between the temp regulating comforter and the original cooling comforter?
One side of our cooling comforter has a cool to the touch feature that provides cooling sensation upon direct contact. The other side of this comforter is made of soft terrycloth for cooler weather. The two sides are reversible for year-round use. Our temp regulating comforter is temperature regulating comforter which controls the body temperature by absorbing or wicking away moisture.
Unfortunately, there is no warranty on both Cooling and Temp Regulating Comforters.
Full / Queen - 3.74 lbs.


Our world is full of challenges. All around the globe dedicated men and women are creating new answers to society's questions. It is this pioneering spirit that the Bayer Foundations are seeking to foster.
The foundations act as a catalyst for societal progress by connecting impact pioneers to funding, power and knowledge.
It was back in 1897 that Friedrich Bayer Junior laid the basis for Bayer's first activities as a foundation.
Today, the two corporate foundations support pioneers worldwide: The Bayer Science & Education Foundation with focus on excellence in Life Science, medicine and science education, and the Bayer Cares Foundation with focus on social innovation for global challenges related to health and nutrition.
Both foundations share the ultimate goal of Bayer: Science For A Better Life!


The business services sector is comprised of the entire spectrum of professional and support services. This includes business process outsourcing, education services, environmental services, facilities and grounds services, professional services and marketing services.
Quarton International is experienced in serving the needs of companies within the rapidly evolving service-based economy. Many sectors have shown superior growth driven by strong underlying industry fundamentals. Our Business Services industry bankers combine deep sector knowledge and global relationships with an in-depth understanding of what drives value in the diverse industry sector. We have completed business services transactions across all areas of the economy and are actively working with companies in a wide variety of sectors.
Quarton International led the sale of Western Emulsions, the leading asphalt emulsions provider and applicator to municipalities in the United States. Also, our work with Service Refrigeration, the leading service and repair provider in Texas and the southeastern United States, filled a geographic need for Source Refrigeration, the strategic buyer.