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vol-14-no-8-june-16-2014
Posted on June 15, 2014 by Rob Wood
The 8020Info Water Cooler
Highlights from the latest information for managers, leaders and entrepreneurs
1. Battling The Complainer Within
The way we respond to life's difficulties says a lot about our leadership capacity, says leadership development speaker Tim Milburn. A leader, after all, is a problem solver. It's not enough to be a problem reporter.
On his blog, he recommends these steps to ensure you are an obtainer of solutions rather than a complainer of difficulties:
Recognize when you're complaining: Pessimism can have value but, he says, complaints just suck air out of a room and group.
Know why you complain: When you complain, it's because you want something. "Do you want attention? Do you want affirmation? Do you want something to change? Take the time to reflect on the reasons why you feel the need to complain about a problem instead of spending your energy on solving the problem," he says.
Create a plan to complain less: Develop a tangible, action-oriented plan to encourage different behaviours.
See yourself as a positive person: You will be more effective if you identify yourself as positive. "Look at yourself in the mirror and declare I am a positive problem-solver! You'll begin to act in alignment with the way you see yourself," he writes.
Respond positively to people and look for the good in situations: Greet others with a smile. Seek the opportunity in every crisis. Count blessings. Change your thinking to positivity.
Do something positive: Instead of feeling powerless to do anything about a problem, find something positive to do.
2. Stay Small and Grow Slow
The standard advice for organizations – be they profit-making or non-profit – is to grow fast and become big. Success comes to those with scale.
So Jason Fried, co-founder and CEO of the project management tool company Basecamp, offers startling advice when he recommends the opposite. Stay small. Grow slow. Find one thing to focus on and be great at.
"You don't have to be Apple, or Amazon, you don't have to be a wildly-growing company," he says on Inc.com. "You can be a really great company building something useful for your customers and treating them well, treating your employees well, and making a great living," he said.
He called the notion of having to shoot for the stars "a cruel joke on the entrepreneurial community." He has seen too many small start-ups try to become big far too fast, dreaming of $100 million in revenues, and instead falling flat.
He has spurned that approach: "I don't want to chase dollars and profits at the expense of those things that matter to me and my company." One thing that is important is everyone having refreshing breaks. That's why his company pays for a vacation for every employee, contoured to their interests. He can do that with 42 employees. But he feels it would be impossible with 100.
He urges you to focus on just one product, and make it as great as can be. Also, make sure your processes run smoothly. Be really great – and small.
3. It's The Culture
Apple is assumed to be the best at design because it hires the best designers. But Mark Kawano, a senior designer at the company for seven years, told FastCoDesign that's a myth.
The deeper truth is that the company's engineering culture is structured to appreciate and support design. Everybody is thinking of how to make the product better, not just the designers. Everyone cares. It's an all-around mandate.
"It's not this thing where you get some special wings or superpowers when you enter Cupertino. It's that you now have an organization where you can spend your time designing products, instead of having to fight for your seat at the table, or get frustrated when the better design is passed over by an engineering manager who just wants to optimize for bug fixing," he says.
It's the focus — across the culture.
4. Using Narrative To Develop Strategy
Behind every successful organization is a story. And Alessandro Di Fiore, CEO of the European Centre for Strategic Innovation, suggests on Harvard Business Review Blogs you start building your success with a story – a strategy story – based on this template:
"Once upon a time there was (insert a name who exemplifies your target customer/consumer) …. . Every day he/she (insert here his/her frustration or job to be done) …. . One day we developed (insert here the product/solution and what are actually the two or three things we offer or not) … . Until finally (insert here the end result for the customer/consumer compared to competition) … ."
Now that you know the story, you know the strategy. Distill it to 15 words, he recommends, and execute.
5. Zingers
Mirror, mirror: Reflective leadership requires looking honestly at oneself and one's situation. But leadership consultant Dan Oestreich notes it's easier to believe in self-confrontation when we're talking about other people: "If only they would be honest with themselves, things would get better." It's vital that each of us be honest about our own contribution to the problems we face. (Source: Unfolding Leadership)
Deliver decisions sensitively: After the firing of New York Times Executive Editor Jill Abramson, a lot of attention was paid to her style in handling her main subordinate, the managing editor, and her boss when she decided to bring in a second managing editor for digital. The lesson, writes blogger Randy Mayeux, is that if you handle a management decision poorly and without sensitivity – even one that needs to be made – your enemies list will grow and your list of friends will shrink. (First Friday Book Synopsis)
Try this from-pain-to gain question: A favourite question for job candidates from Perry Evans, CEO of digital marketing firm Closely: "Tell me about a time when you were asked to do something you didn't feel good about, or when you had to manage an ethical challenge, and describe where that led you in your career." (Source: New York Times)
Be a teacher-leader: Teach an employee something new today, advises veteran executive Eric Jacobson. Be a leader who teaches. (Source: Eric Jacobson on Management)
What doubles click-throughs? To double clicks on your web site or in tweets or email links, try the Jeopardy approach — pose a question that connects to the answer. Norwegian researchers found writing headlines in question format almost always increased clicks, sometimes by as much as five times. (Source: Neuromarketing Blog)
6. Q&A with 8020Info: Managing accountabilities
Question: We've added several new teams to our fast-growing unit and need to get serious about more formal accountability — any suggestions?
8020Info President and CEO Rob Wood responds:
Managing accountability involves culture, oversight processes and various mechanisms to ensure actions and decisions meet the organization's stated objectives.
There are many definitions of accountability, but most include some sense of having to report, explain or justify; and being answerable and/or responsible for actions.
Answerability refers to the obligation to provide information about decisions and actions and to justify them to the oversight mechanisms or bodies of accountability (often including stakeholders).
Enforcement suggests that the body/mechanism responsible for accountability can sanction the offending party or remedy the contravening behaviour.
Newer definitions of accountability tend to be more pro-active about owning problems and focus on taking initiative to achieve desired results — e.g. to "See It, Own It, Solve It, and Do It".
Accountability typically involves the performance of tasks or functions, subject to some form of oversight, direction or request to provide information or justification for actions taken. Your needs may focus on any of several dimensions:
Administrative accountability (e.g. accountable to policy, rules and superiors)
Legal and ethical (accountable to the law and for impact of actions on others)
Service accountability (to promised standards of service)
Social accountability (to peers, partners or the community)
In the areas of administration, governance, and implementation, accountability measures are usually applied within the scope of the role or employment position. Muddy roles, vaguely defined jobs or undefined project objectives defeat accountability goals right at the root.
Similarly, without proper reporting practices, there is no accountability. A good system includes an obligation to report, explain and be answerable for consequences and outcomes resulting from actions and decisions.
Perhaps these suggestions will help you develop a stronger approach to accountability:
Set clearly defined expectations for results and for their consequences.
Establish effective, timely reporting mechanisms to monitor performance.
Align your norms and build consensus in your culture to support accountability.
Focus on accountability for results or outcomes, not merely "doing the job".
Similarly, make sure accountabilities speak to the responsibility for taking pro-active action when needed to achieve future outcomes.
7. News From Our Water Cooler: Learning From Smart Communities
On June 5th we enjoyed an opportunity to join nearly 250 thought leaders from around the world at the Intelligent Communities Summit in New York. The forum has a strong information and communications technology (ICT) focus and promotes best practices that help communities build prosperous economies, solve social problems and enrich local cultures. Many of our clients work in those areas of interest.
This year's event was the climax of a year-long evaluation of more than 400 communities seeking to join a select, international group of 126 cities notable for demonstrating how to flourish in the new economy and adjust to changes of the digital era.
This year's global award winner was Toronto, a finalist for the third time in the past 10 years. Our hometown of Kingston was ranked as a Top7 Community, as were Winnipeg, Columbus OH, Arlington VA, Hsinchu and New Taipei City in Taiwan.
Some quick takeaways:
Sustained leadership and consensus: Many of the advances in these top communities were made possible by a clear vision of their way forward, sustained by leadership with notable continuity and consensus. They set sail and stayed the course.
As one mayor noted, the best communities ultimately focus on quality of life, achieved in many dimensions from technology to arts and culture, social inclusion and workforce development. His view was that projects are best initiated by the community rather than governments (who often function as essential partners).
Beyond making connections with the best and brightest communities around the world, the forum thrives on fundamental creativity — in technology, project management, community development and culture.
On this last point, we were particularly taken by a presentation on "location-aware music" by Ryan Holladay, the New Media Curator at the Artisphere in Virginia. His GPS-based sound installation at the Washington Monument park, for example, involves hundreds of geo-tagged segments of sound and music that change and blend as you walk towards, around, and away from the national mall. What you hear depends on where you walk. What will they think of next?
8. Closing Thought
"A party without cake is just a meeting." — Julia Child
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An old town fighting stubbornly for existence is the way Ryan has been described. Many of its residences and business buildings present a dilapidated appearance; and perhaps the largest structure in town is an abandoned chicken hatchery. In 1908 Ryan lost its year-long fight with Waurika for the seat of Jefferson County.


text:
\section{Introduction}
When calculating the various ground state properties of fermionic systems, it is important
to have fast and accurate ways of evaluating the density matrix. For non-interacting fermions,
this amounts to calculating the Fermi function associated with the system's Hamiltonian $\tens{H}$.
In many applications, $\tens{H}$ is either of empirical nature, or the result of a self-consistent
\red{density functional theory (DFT)} calculation.
The standard method for computing the density matrix requires diagonalizing $\tens{H}$,
an operation whose computational complexity scales cubically with the
number of electronic degrees of freedom $N$.
Having a linear scaling scheme to obtain this quantity is a key step for
modeling larger systems, thus making possible the computational study of a vast
class of problems, whose behavior cannot be described by smaller models. Areas
in which such a technique would have a major impact include nanotechnology and
biochemistry, to name but a couple.

Several methods have been proposed to circumvent diagonalization\cite{goed99rmp}.
These methods are based on the nearsightedness principle\cite{kohn96prl,prod-kohn05pnas},
which guarantees that in the $N\rightarrow\infty$ limit the matrices needed to
compute the Fermi operator will become sparse. Among the different approaches that have
been proposed, we might cite divide-and-conquer schemes\cite{yang91prl},
density-matrix minimization\cite{li+93prb}, Green's function\cite{baro-gian92epl},
maximally localized orbitals\cite{gall-parr92prl} and
penalty functions methods\cite{kohn96prl}. The use of sparse matrix algebra
eventually leads to linear scaling\red{, both in terms of memory requirements and of
computational cost}.
A second class of methods, on which we shall focus here, uses the finite-temperature Fermi
operator. Due to the finite temperature, the singularity at the chemical potential $\mu$
is smoothed, thus allowing for an expansion in simpler functions of $\tens{H}$.
Since orbital localization is not explicitly exploited, this class of methods can also be
applied to metals.
The earliest attempts in this direction were based on an expansion in
Chebyshev polynomials\cite{goed-colo94prl,goed-tete95prb}. The computational cost
of this method has been analyzed by Baer and Head-Gordon\cite{baer-head97jcp},
who found that the order $m$ of the polynomial needed to achieve a $10^{-D}$ accuracy
depends linearly on the width of the  Hamiltonian spectrum $\Delta E$ and
the electronic temperature $1/\beta$, i.e. $m\sim D \beta \Delta E$.
This obviously raises some problems when considering Hamiltonians
with large $\Delta E$, such as those arising from DFT calculations using plane wave
basis sets, or when low temperatures are required.
Recently it has been suggested\cite{lian+03jcp} that fast polynomial summation methods, requiring a
number of multiplications $\sim\sqrt{m}$, can be applied to Fermi operator expansion,
leading to the more favorable scaling $\sqrt{\beta \Delta E}$.

In this paper we revisit a particular form for the expansion of the Fermi operator,
which is based on the grand-canonical formalism and developed in a series of recent
papers\cite{kraj-parr05prb,kraj-parr06prb,kraj-parr06prb-2,kraj-parr07prb}.
The grand-canonical potential for independent fermions is split into
a sum of $P$ terms, containing $e^{-\beta\left(\tens{H}-\mu\right)/2P}$.
As a consequence of this decomposition, the Fermi operator can be written
exactly as a sum of $P$ terms.
The larger the number of terms, the easier the evaluation of the exponential:
this implies a tradeoff between the size of $P$ and the accuracy of the results.
In this paper, we investigate the analytical properties of this decomposition, finding
that a large number of terms are almost ideally conditioned, and that their
contribution to the Fermi operator can be easily and effectively computed
in a single shot with a polynomial expansion. The remaining few are tackled via a
Newton-like iterative inversion scheme, which needs to be applied to each term individually
but is very efficient in dealing with large $D\beta\Delta E$.
With this hybrid approach, large values of $P$ can be reached at a cost
that is modest and independent of the system size. This result
can improve significantly the prefactor of other methods using similar
decompositions\cite{kraj-parr05prb,kraj-parr06prb,kraj-parr06prb-2,kraj-parr07prb}.
Moreover, using this approach, we achieve a scaling of the operations count with $D\beta\Delta E$
that is sublinear, and competitive with the result of Ref.\cite{lian+03jcp}
if their fast summation technique is used. In this way, accurate, low-temperature calculations
can be performed.

\section{Properties of the expansion\label{sec:foe-properties}}
We use an expansion of the Fermi operator based on grand-canonical
formalism, which has been developed and employed in several recent
works\cite{kraj-parr05prb,kraj-parr06prb,kraj-parr06prb-2,kraj-parr07prb}.
We summarize the derivation and the resulting expression here,
introducing a slightly different notation. To simplify the expressions, we will set the zero of
energy at $\mu$, and measure energies in units of $k_B T$. This amounts to replacing
in the standard expression for the Fermi operator $\beta\left(\tens{H}-\mu \tens{1}\right)$
with $\tens{H}$.
Using this notation, the grand-canonical potential for a system of
non-interacting fermions becomes\cite{alav-frenk92jcp,alav+94prl}
\begin{equation}
\Omega=-2\ln\det\left(\tens{1}+e^{-\tens{H}}\right)=
	-2\ensuremath{\operatorname{Tr}}\ln\left(\tens{1}+e^{-\tens{H}}\right).
\label{eq:grand-canonical}
\end{equation}
Introducing the $\emme{l}$ matrices,
\begin{equation}
\emme{l}=\tens{1}-e^{\mathrm{i}\left(2l-1\right)\pi/2P}e^{-\tens{H}/2P}\label{eq:emme-q}
\end{equation}
we can perform the decomposition
\begin{equation}
 \left(\tens{1}+e^{-\tens{H}}\right)=\prod_{l=1}^{P}\emme{l}\emme{l}^{\star}.\label{eq:mq-factor}
\end{equation}
These expressions are analogous to those introduced in Ref.\cite{kraj-parr05prb},
apart from a change of indices ($P/2\rightarrow P$, $P+1/2-l\rightarrow l$).

Using factorization~(\ref{eq:mq-factor}), the grand-canonical potential can
be written in compact form as
$\Omega=-2\ensuremath{\operatorname{Tr}}\sum_{l=1}^{P}\ln\left(\emme{l}\emme{l}^{\star}\right)$.
The observables of interest for the system can be obtained as derivatives of
the grand-canonical potential. In particular, the grand-canonical density matrix reads:
\begin{equation}
\tens{\boldsymbol{\rho}}=\frac{\delta\Omega}{\delta\tens{H}}=
\frac{1}{1+e^{\tens{H}}}=
\frac{2}{P}\sum_{l=1}^{P}\tens{1}-\ensuremath{\operatorname{Tr}}\Re\emme{l}^{-1}.\label{eq:density-matrix}
\end{equation}

The decomposition~(\ref{eq:density-matrix}) is exact for any value of $P$. As $P$ increases,
 the exponential $e^{-\tens{H}/2P}$ is easier to approximate. However, the number
of $\emme{l}$s which have to be inverted increases.
Previous works using this approach had to find the best compromise between the length
of the expansion and the errors introduced by an approximate evaluation of the matrix exponential,
therefore losing the advantage of an exact expansion.
In order to find a solution to this problem, it is useful to analyze the properties
of the $\emme{l}$s in the large $P$ limit. It turns out that matrices with small
$l$ are much more difficult to handle than those having a higher index. We therefore suggest
applying different strategies in the two cases.

\subsection{Properties of $\emme{l}$ matrices}
Let us define the spectral radius of a matrix $\tens{A}$ as the maximum
modulus of its eigenvalues, $\sigma\left(\tens{A}\right)=\max_i \left|a_i\right|$, and  its
condition number $\kappa\left(\tens{A}\right)=\sigma\left(\tens{A}\right)/\sigma\left(\tens{A}^{-1}\right)$.
We then introduce the shorthands $\Delta\epsilon=\sigma\left(\tens{H}\right)$, which is a measure of
the width of the Hamiltonian's spectrum, and
$\delta\epsilon=1/\sigma\left(\tens{H}^{-1}\right)$, which is of the order of the band gap in insulators,
and tends to zero for metals.
With this notation, the condition number of the Hamiltonian is $\kappa\left(\tens{H}\right)=\Delta\epsilon/\delta\epsilon$.
In this section, we will obtain the corresponding
quantities for the $\emme{l}$s. In particular, we will show that $\kappa\left(\emme{l}\right)$
does not depend on $P$ in the large $P$ limit, and demonstrate that the $\emme{l}$s are always
better conditioned than the Hamiltonian.

\begin{figure}[tb]
\caption{\label{fig:mq-function} (color online) Plot of
$\sqrt{1+e^{-x/P}-2e^{-x/2P}\cos\pi l/P}$, which is equal to $M_{l}\left(x\right)$ (equation~(\ref{eq:mq-function})) within
$\mathcal{O}\left(P^{-1}\right)$.
The dashed line corresponds to the locus of local minima.
}
 \includegraphics{fig1.eps}
\end{figure}

We must consider how the spectrum of the Hamiltonian is mapped by the function
\begin{align}
M_{l}\left(x\right)=\left|1-e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\left(2l-1\right)/2P}e^{-x/2P}\right|.
\label{eq:mq-function}
\end{align}
It is readily found that, for any $P$ and $x$, $M_{l}\left(x\right)$ is a monotonically decreasing function
of $l$. For fixed $l$, $M_{l}\left(\left|x\right|\right)\le M_{l}\left(-\left|x\right|\right)$
and the minimum value is $M_{l}\left(x_{min}\right)=\sin \pi\left(2l-1\right)/2P$, which is reached
for $x_{min}=-2P\ln \cos \pi \left(2l-1\right)/2P$.
From the plot of $M_{l}\left(x\right)$ (Figure~\ref{fig:mq-function}), it is apparent that the
region which can lead to ill-conditioned matrices is the one with $l\ll P$ and $x\ll P$, where
the spectrum of $\emme{l}$ can contain eigenvalues close to zero.
In this region, an upper bound to the maximum eigenvalue is given by $M_{l}\left(-\Delta\epsilon\right)$,
and an estimate of the minimum eigenvalue within $\mathcal{O}\left(1/P\right)$ is $M_{l}\left(\delta\epsilon\right)$.

The following set of results can easily be proved by series expansion in powers of $1/P$, assuming
 $l\ll P$ and $x\ll P$
\begin{eqnarray}
\sigma\left(\emme{l}\right)&=&\frac{1}{2P}\sqrt{\Delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}
+\mathcal{O}\left(P^{-2}\right) \label{eq:sr-emmeq}\\
\sigma\left(\emme{l}^{-1}\right)&=&\frac{2P+\delta\epsilon/2}{\sqrt{\delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}} +\mathcal{O}\left(P^{-1}\right) \label{eq:sr-emmeq-inv}\\
\kappa\left(\emme{l}\right)&=&
\sqrt{\frac{\Delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}
{\delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}}
+\mathcal{O}\left(P^{-1}\right)\nonumber \\
& \sim &
\kappa\left(\tens{H}\right)
\sqrt{\frac{\Delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}
{\Delta\epsilon^2+\kappa\left(\tens{H}\right)^2\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}} \nonumber \\
& \underset{\delta\epsilon\rightarrow 0}{\lessapprox} & 1+\frac{\Delta\epsilon}{\pi\left(2l-1\right)}
 \label{eq:cn-emmeq}
\end{eqnarray}
It can be seen from eq.~(\ref{eq:cn-emmeq}) that the condition number $\kappa\left(\emme{l}\right)$
tends rapidly to one as $l$ is increased, and is always smaller than $\kappa\left(\tens{H}\right)$
(see also Figure~\ref{fig:mq-condition}).
Note that the last inequality in eq.~(\ref{eq:cn-emmeq}), valid for $\delta\epsilon\rightarrow 0$,
shows that $\kappa\left(\emme{l}\right)$ is bounded also in the metallic case.

\begin{figure}[tbh]
\caption{\label{fig:mq-condition} (color online) Condition number of $\emme{l}$, in the $P\rightarrow\infty$
limit, for a typical value of $\Delta\epsilon$. Dark (blue) and light (red) series correspond to
the behavior for a metal and for an insulator ($\delta\epsilon=20$). Even for a metallic system the condition number
remains finite, and for the insulator it saturates at $\kappa\left(\tens{H}\right)$.
In both cases, $\kappa\left(\emme{l}\right)$ drops rapidly to one as $l$ increases.
}
 \includegraphics{fig2.eps}
\end{figure}

\section{A hybrid approach to the expansion \label{sec:hybrid}}
The analysis performed above suggests dealing separately with the few, worst-conditioned
$\emme{l}$ matrices having $l<\bar{l}$, and with those which have $\kappa\left(\emme{l}\right)\sim 1$,
for $l\ge\bar{l}$. The latter will form the ``tail'' contribution to the density matrix, and will be discussed first.

\subsection{Series expansion for the tail}
In order to obtain a convergent power series for $\emme{l}^{-1}$,  it is convenient to perform an expansion
around the diagonal matrix $z'\tens{1}$, where $z'$ is an arbitrary complex number whose value will be chosen so as to
accelerate convergence.
Defining the shorthand $\tens{Z}_{l}=e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\left(2l-1\right)/2P}e^{-\tens{H}/2P}$, one has
\begin{eqnarray}
\emme{l}^{-1}& = &\left(1-z'\right)^{-1}\left[\tens{1}-\frac{\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}}{1-z'}\right]^{-1}\nonumber\\
& = &\left(1-z'\right)^{-1}\sum_{j=0}^{\infty} \left(\frac{\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}}{1-z'}\right)^j.\label{eq:series-yqk}
\end{eqnarray}
The condition for convergence of~(\ref{eq:series-yqk})  is that the whole spectrum of
$\left(\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}\right)/\left(1-z'\right)$ lies within the unit circle in the complex plane.
Moreover, the convergence speed of the expansion will be determined by the eigenvalue which lies farthest
from the origin (see Figure~\ref{fig:y-spectrum}).
We refer to appendix~\ref{sec:opt-k} for a detailed analysis of the convergence ratio
\begin{equation}
\chi=\sigma\left(\frac{\tens{Z}_{l}-ke^{\mathrm{i}\phi_{l}}\tens{1}}{1-ke^{\mathrm{i}\phi_{l}}}\right), \label{eq:chi-series}
\end{equation}
where we have set $z'=ke^{\mathrm{i}\phi_{l}}$, defining $\phi_{l}=\pi\left(2l-1\right)/2P$, and introducing the
and complex-valued parameter $k$. There we show that, in the large $P$ limit, one obtains an upper bound to
the convergence ratio, i.e. $\chi=\Delta\epsilon/\sqrt{\Delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}<1$, provided one
chooses for the optimal $k$ the analytical estimate
\begin{equation}
 k=1-\frac{\Delta\epsilon^2}{2 P \pi\left(2l-1\right)}.
\label{eq:k-series-guess}
\end{equation}

\begin{figure}[tb]
\red{
\caption{\label{fig:y-spectrum} (color online) The picture sketches the transformations in the complex plane
leading from the Hamiltonian spectrum (1) to $\tens{Z}_{l}$ (2), to $\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}$ (3),
and eventually to $\left(\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}\right)/\left(1-z'\right)$ (4).
The translation (2)$\rightarrow$(3) and the scaling (3)$\rightarrow$(4) depend both on the choice of $z'$.
As described in the text, it is always possible to choose the parameter so as to keep the whole spectrum
within the unit circle, ensuring convergence of the power series~(\ref{eq:series-yqk}).
}
}
 \includegraphics{fig3.eps}
\end{figure}

Having ensured that the series~(\ref{eq:series-yqk}) converges, we can estimate the error made by
truncating the power series after $m_T$ terms,
\begin{align}
\sigma\left(
\left(1-z'\right)^{-1}\sum_{j=0}^{m_T} \left(\frac{\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}}{1-z'}\right)^j -\emme{l}^{-1}\right)\le \nonumber \\
\frac{1}{\left|1-z'\right|}\sum_{j=m_T+1}^{\infty}\sigma\left(\frac{\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}}{1-z'}\right)^j=
\frac{1}{\left|1-z'\right|}\frac{\chi^{m_T+1}}{1-\chi}. \label{eq:series-error}
\end{align}
In order to achieve a $10^{-D}$ \emph{relative} accuracy on $\emme{l}^{-1}$, it is necessary to retain at least
\[
 m_{T}\approx \frac{1}{\ln \chi} \left[\ln\left(\frac{1}{\chi}-1\right)-D\ln 10
+\ln \left(\left|1-z'\right|\sigma\left(\emme{l}^{-1}\right)\right)\right]
\]
terms. If we use eq.~(\ref{eq:k-series-guess}) and eq.~(\ref{eq:sr-emmeq-inv}), setting $\delta\epsilon=0$,
and taking the large $\Delta\epsilon$ limit, this estimate takes the simpler form
\begin{equation}
m_{T}\approx 2D  \frac{\Delta\epsilon^2}{\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2} \ln 10 \label{eq:series-count}
\end{equation}

While the scaling with $\Delta\epsilon^2$ is not optimal, the dependence on $l^{-2}$ limits its effects
to the small-$l$ terms. These terms can be dealt with effectively with a different
approach, as we will show below. The influence of the $\Delta\epsilon^2$ scaling on the overall
operations count will therefore be limited.

Thanks to the chosen $z'$ parametrization the matrix powers entering eq.~(\ref{eq:series-yqk})
depend on $l$ only by a scalar factor,
\[
 \frac{\tens{Z}_{l}-z'\tens{1}}{1-z'}=\frac{e^{\mathrm{i} \phi_{l}}}{1-ke^{\mathrm{i} \phi_{l}}}\left(e^{-\tens{H}/2P}-k\tens{1}\right)
\]
Therefore, we can compute the expensive powers $\left(e^{-\tens{H}/2P}-k\tens{1}\right)^j$ just once,
and obtain any $\emme{l}^{-1}$ by combining them with the appropriate scalar coefficients.
Furthermore, we often need just the overall contribution to the density matrix
arising from the tail, which reads
\begin{equation}
 \tens{T}_{\bar{l}}=\sum_{l=\bar{l}}^P \emme{l}^{-1}=
\sum_{j=0}^{m_{T}\left(\bar{l}\right)}\left(e^{-\frac{\tens{H}}{2P}}-k\tens{1}\right)^j
\sum_{l=\bar{l}}^P\frac{\left(1-k e^{\mathrm{i} \phi_{l}}\right)^{-j}}{e^{-\mathrm{i} \phi_{l}}-k}
\label{eq:series-tail}
\end{equation}
If either $m_T$ or $P$ is very large, computing the scalar coefficients in~(\ref{eq:series-tail})
implies a sizable overhead, which is however independent of the system size, and becomes negligible
for large systems.

\begin{figure}[tb]
\caption{\label{fig:series-k} (color online) The number of terms required to achieve $10^{-3}$
relative accuracy in the polynomial expansion of $\emme{l}^{-1}$ is plotted for a
Hamiltonian with minimum eigenvalue $-5$, maximum eigenvalue $10$, and for $P=10^4$.
A full line corresponds to results computed keeping $k$ fixed to the $l=1$ value, while dots
correspond to the results computed by optimizing $k$ separately for each value of $l$.
Dark (blue) and light (red) series correspond respectively to the results based on the analytical
estimate~(\ref{eq:k-series-guess}) for $k$, and to the ones obtained by iteratively minimizing
(\ref{eq:d-series}). Iterative refinement leads to a significant boost in performance.
In any case, the number of terms computed for $l=1$ largely exceeds the terms needed to
compute the contributions for larger $l$ values, even if $k$ is not optimized on a case-by-case basis.
}
 \includegraphics{fig4.eps}
\end{figure}

In order to assess the accuracy of eq.~(\ref{eq:series-tail}), further analysis is needed.
If we want to reuse the powers $\left(e^{-\tens{H}/2P}-k\tens{1}\right)^j$, we
must keep $k$ fixed to the value optimized at $\bar{l}$. Expression~(\ref{eq:series-count})
gives the number of terms required to compute $\emme{l}^{-1}$ with $10^{-D}$ accuracy,
\emph{provided that $k$ is optimized for each $l$}.
However, the dependence of $m_T$ on $l$  offsets the effect of using a non-optimal $k$.
It is easy to show, given the estimate~(\ref{eq:k-series-guess}), that the number of terms
computed for $\bar{l}$ largely exceeds the number of terms required to compute $\emme{l}^{-1}$
for any $l>\bar{l}$, even if $k$ is kept fixed to the valued optimized for $\bar{l}$.
Figure~\ref{fig:series-k} shows that this is the case also when $k$ is iteratively optimized
starting from the analytical estimate.

\subsection{Newton inversion in the small-$l$ region}
To address the inversion of the worst-conditioned terms with $l<\bar{l}$, which are
too expensive to obtain by polynomial expansion, one could resort to one of the
techniques described in our previous work\cite{kraj-parr05prb,kraj-parr06prb,kraj-parr06prb-2,kraj-parr07prb}.
In fact, the analysis performed so far can be seen as an improvement to those methods, since we
can evaluate in one shot the contribution from the tail, lowering the number of terms
which must be treated individually, and therefore improving the efficiency.

In this section we will discuss an alternative approach for computing the small-$l$ $\emme{l}^{-1}$,
based on a well-established Newton method for matrix inversion.
We give a brief outline of the algorithm and some of its known analytical properties\cite{pan-reif85proc},
and will use them to estimate the number of operations necessary for our purposes.
Given a non-singular, $M\times M$ matrix $\tens{A}$, the iterative procedure
\begin{equation}
\tens{B}_{k+1}=2\tens{B}_k-\tens{B}_k\tens{A}\tens{B}_k  \label{eq:nwt-iter}
\end{equation}
converges to $\tens{A}^{-1}$. Defining $\tens{R}\left(\tens{B}\right)=\tens{1}-\tens{B}\tens{A}$,
the condition for convergence is that $\chi=\sigma\left(\tens{R}\left(\tens{B}_0\right)\right)<1$, and the
error after $k$ iterations is
\begin{equation}
 \sigma\left(\tens{A}^{-1}-\tens{B}_k\right)=\sigma\left(\tens{B}_0\right)\chi^{(2^k)}\left(1-\chi\right)^{-1},
\label{eq:nwt-residual}
\end{equation}
which corresponds to a number of multiplies (two per iteration)
\begin{align}
 m_{N}=\frac{2}{\ln 2}
\ln\frac{\ln\left[10^{-D}\left(1-\chi\right)\sigma\left(\tens{A}^{-1}\right)/\sigma\left(\tens{B}_0\right)\right]}{\ln \chi}
\label{eq:newt-niter}
\end{align}
needed to achieve a $10^{-D}$  relative accuracy.

One must then face the problem of finding the approximate inverse $\tens{B}_0$ needed to start the
iterations~(\ref{eq:nwt-iter}). The authors of Ref.\cite{pan-reif85proc} suggested the simple form
\begin{equation}
\tens{B}_0=\tens{A}^{\dagger}\left(\left\|\tens{A}\right\|_1 \left\|\tens{A}\right\|_{\infty}\right)^{-1}, \label{eq:nwt-gen-guess}
\end{equation}
where $\left\|\tens{A}\right\|_1=\max_j \sum_{i=1}^{M}\left|A_{ij}\right|$ and
$\left\|\tens{A}\right\|_{\infty}=\max_i \sum_{j=1}^{M}\left|A_{ij}\right|$.
If one uses eq.~(\ref{eq:nwt-gen-guess}), convergence is guaranteed. Taking as usual the
large $P$ and $\Delta\epsilon$ limit for a metallic system, one obtains
$m_{N}\sim \ln \Delta\epsilon + \ln \left(D\ln 10\right)  + \ln M/\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2 $
as an estimate of the operations count to invert $\emme{q}$.
Even if a feeble $M$-dependence has been introduced in the operation count,
the efficiency is greatly improved if one needs high accuracy or if $\Delta\epsilon$ is large,
thanks to the exponential convergence rate.

It is however more effective to exploit the simple analytic form for $\emme{l}^{-1}$ to construct
better initial guesses. For instance, one can use the following relation between $\emme{l}^{-1}$
and $\emme{l-\deltal}^{-1}$,
\begin{eqnarray}
 \emme{l-\delta l}^{-1}& = & \emme{l}^{-1}e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\delta l/P} \left[\tens{1}+\emme{l}^{-1}\left(e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\delta l/P} -1\right)\right]^{-1} \nonumber\\
& =& e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\delta l/P} \sum_{j=0}^{\infty}\left(e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\delta l/P}-1\right)^j \emme{l}^{-(j+1)} \label{eq:newt-extra}
\end{eqnarray}
to estimate a guess for $\emme{l-\deltal}^{-1}$ starting from an already-computed inverse.
The series~(\ref{eq:newt-extra}) converges provided that $\left|e^{\mathrm{i}\pi\delta l/P}-1\right|\sigma\left(\emme{l}^{-1}\right)<1$.
In the $P\rightarrow\infty$ limit this amounts to the condition $\delta l<l -1/2$. In theory, all the terms up to $l=1$
could be computed inserting any $\emme{l}^{-1}$  into eq.~(\ref{eq:newt-extra}).
In practice, computing powers of $\emme{l}^{-1}$ is not advisable if we aim at linear scaling, since the $\emme{l}^{-1}$s
and their powers tend to be much fuller than the Hamiltonian, and the asymptotic convergence rate of
eq.~(\ref{eq:newt-extra}) is worse than the one for the iterative inversion.
In any case, the lowest-order approximation is already much more effective than the universal
guess described in Ref.~\cite{pan-reif85proc}.
One finds that the convergence ratio for the computation of $\emme{l-1}^{-1}$, using
the low-order extrapolation $e^{\mathrm{i}\pi/P}\emme{l}^{-1}$, is
$\chi\sim 2\pi/\sqrt{\delta\epsilon^2+\pi^2\left(2l-1\right)^2}$,
leading to an estimate of the number of the operations count
\begin{equation}
 m_{N}=\frac{2}{\ln 2}\ln\frac{D\ln 10 -2\ln \pi}{\ln q} +\mathcal{O}\left(1/q\right) \label{eq:newt-count-extra}
\end{equation}
This estimate is independent of $\delta\epsilon$ because we considered the worst-case scenario where
the system is metallic. It is also independent of $M$ and - most importantly - of
$\Delta\epsilon$.
In practice, one starts from $\emme{\bar{l}}^{-1}$ obtained from the polynomial expansion, then computes
$\emme{\bar{l}-1}^{-1}$, using $e^{\mathrm{i}\pi/P}\emme{\bar{l}}^{-1}$ as the initial guess, and continues
stepwise, obtaining the initial estimate for iterative inversion of $\emme{\bar{l}-2}$ from the
previously computed $\emme{\bar{l}-1}^{-1}$, and so on. Alternatively, the first inverse matrix
$\emme{\bar{l}-1}^{-1}$ can be computed starting from the simple guess~(\ref{eq:nwt-gen-guess}).
Efficient higher-order extrapolations will be discussed in appendix~\ref{sec:ho-extra}.

\subsection{Overall operation count}

\begin{figure}[tb]
\caption{\label{fig:tot-mult} (color online) Total number of matrix-matrix multiplications required
to obtain the density matrix, combining series expansion and Newton inversion methods, on a
$\log$-$\log$ plot. Light (red) and dark (blue) lines correspond to $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-8}$ target
accuracy respectively. Full (a), dashed (b) and dotted (c) lines correspond respectively to
the number of operations estimated using the general-purpose initial estimate, using a zero$^{th}$-order
extrapolation guess and using extrapolation together with fast polynomial evaluation in the tail
region. Grid lines mark the slope expected for a linear dependence between $\Delta\epsilon$ in units
of $k_B T$ and the overall operations count $m_{T}$.
}
 \includegraphics{fig5.eps}
\end{figure}

In the previous section we obtained (equations~(\ref{eq:series-count}) and~(\ref{eq:newt-niter}))
an upper bound estimate of the number of matrix-matrix multiplications needed in order to obtain the tail
contribution up to $\bar{l}$, and to invert a single $\emme{l}$ using an iterative Newton method.
The optimal value for $\bar{l}$ is obtained when the incremental cost of including an extra term in the
tail contribution $\tens{T}_{l}$ (cfr. eq.~\ref{eq:series-tail}) becomes larger than the cost of a single
iterative inversion, i.e. when
\begin{equation}
m_{T}\left(\bar{l}\right)-m_{T}\left(\bar{l}+1\right)\ge  m_{T}\left(\bar{l}\right).
\label{eq:best-q}
\end{equation}
The overall number of multiplications is then
\begin{equation}
m_{tot}=m_{T}\left(\bar{l}\right)+ \sum^{\bar{l}-1}_{l=1} m_{N}\left(l \right).
\label{eq:tot-mult}
\end{equation}

 In figure~\ref{fig:tot-mult} we plot the overall operations count obtained by using our theoretical estimates
 for $m_{T}$ and $m_N$.
A dramatic improvement is obtained when we use $e^{\mathrm{i}\pi/P}\emme{l}^{-1}$ as the initial guess
for the inversion of $\emme{l-1}$.
We can think of the extrapolated guess as an almost optimal preconditioner
and are considering how this could be exploited in different inversion schemes as well.
 It is worth noting that - despite the fact that the tail contribution requires
a number of multiplies scaling quadratically with $\Delta\epsilon$ - the overall scaling is significantly
sublinear. \red{Comparing our results (figure~\ref{fig:tot-mult}b) with the multiplication count for
standard Chebyshev polynomials expansion, as given by Ref.\cite{baer-head97jcp},
our method becomes beneficial by $\Delta\epsilon \sim 20$ -
the break-even point getting lower as the target accuracy $D$ is increased.}
Fast polynomial summation methods\cite{lian+03jcp,lian+04jcomp,vanl79ieee} can be used to compute both
$\emme{\bar{l}}^{-1}$ and $\tens{T}_{\bar{l}}$. This reduces the number of multiplies from $m_T$ to
$3\sqrt{m_T}$, however at the cost of storing an extra $\sqrt{m_T}$ matrices.
Combining these fast summation techniques with iterative inversion
further lowers the operations count, leading to a scaling slightly better than $\sqrt{\Delta\epsilon}$
(figure~\ref{fig:tot-mult}c).
\red{In this case, however, the prefactor of our method is larger, so that the break-even point,
when comparing with Ref.\cite{lian+03jcp,lian+04jcomp,vanl79ieee}, is shifted towards higher
accuracy and large $\Delta\epsilon$. We are currently investigating the possibility of
applying an alternative expansion of the tail contribution, which should make both our $\Delta\epsilon$ scaling
and the prefactor highly competitive.}

\section{A test case \label{sec:test-case}}
So far we have estimated the accuracy of the computation of each $\emme{l}^{-1}$ term using
 $\varepsilon\left(\tens{\tilde{M}}_{l}^{-1}\right)=
\sigma\left(\emme{l}^{-1}-\tens{\tilde{M}}_{l}^{-1}\right)/\sigma\left(\emme{l}^{-1}\right)$
as a measure of the error affecting the estimate $\tens{\tilde{M}}_{l}^{-1}$.
However, the quantity we are more interested in is the band structure energy
$E=\ensuremath{\operatorname{Tr}} \left[\tens{\boldsymbol{\rho}}\tens{H}\right]$. A theoretical estimation of the error on $E$ requires
several assumptions on the distribution of errors over the different eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian, and
the different $l$ terms, and we have not attempted it here.
We have instead tested our method against a real system, selecting the self-consistent DFT Hamiltonian
matrix of a 128-atom sample of the metallic fcc phase of $\mathrm{LiAl}$, as computed by the
CP2K\cite{vand-krac05cpc,CP2K} package\footnote{We used GTH pseudopotentials\cite{goed+96rb,krac05tca,hart+96prb},
with PBE\cite{perd+96prl} exchange-correlation
functional, a double-$\zeta$ basis with one additional set of polarization functions, for a total of
1728 basis functions. $\mathrm{LiAl}$ in the fcc phase is a metal. Since we are computing the Hamiltonian at the
$\Gamma$ point only, the spectrum has six half-occupied degenerate states at the zero-temperature Fermi energy.
In the low-temperature limit $\delta\epsilon\rightarrow 0$, which makes this system particularly challenging.}.
The orthogonal Hamiltonian matrix is obtained by multiplying the non-orthogonal one with the
inverse square root of the overlap matrix\cite{lowd50jcp}. We the computed with
standard diagonalization techniques the chemical potential and the exact band-structure energy
for different electronic temperatures. We also obtained the bounds of the spectrum of $\tens{H}$
 ($\epsilon_+=121.15$~eV and $\epsilon_-=-42.65$~eV), which are needed in eq.~(\ref{eq:d-series}) and
could in principle be computed in linear scaling with the Lanczos method, or easily estimated
by Gershgorin's circle theorem\cite{pals-mano98prb} or any matrix norm.

\begin{figure}[tb]
\caption{\label{fig:test-oc-accu} (color online) Number of matrix-matrix multiplications used to
achieve a given error on the band structure energy, for different electronic temperatures. Details of the
system are given in the text. The data points for every temperature, from left to right,
correspond to $10^{-2}$, $10^{-3}$, $10^{-5}$, and $10^{-7}$ target accuracy.
}
 \includegraphics{fig6.eps}
\end{figure}

We then applied our algorithm to the orthogonalized Hamiltonian, using fast polynomial summation to compute the tail
and using first-order extrapolation in the Newton region, with a history vector
containing the last two matrices (cfr. eq.~(\ref{eq:extra-first-order})).
Slight improvements in the operations count could be obtained by hand-tuning $\bar{l}$,
but we just used the automatic procedure based on our theoretical estimates, as described in the previous section.
In Figure~\ref{fig:test-oc-accu} we plot the number of multiplications performed versus the
resulting error on the energy. Since we can use a large value of $P$, $e^{-\tens{H}/2P}$ can be computed
with only a few matrix-matrix multiplies, which have not been included in the operations count.

\begin{figure}[tb]
\caption{\label{fig:test-opcount} (color online)
The number of matrix-matrix multiplies performed to compute the density matrix for the $\mathrm{LiAl}$ test
case, for different electronic temperatures and target accuracies, plotted on a $\log - \log$ scale,
together with guidelines corresponding to a $m\propto \sqrt{\Delta\epsilon}$  scaling.
}
 \includegraphics{fig7.eps}
\end{figure}

For a given target accuracy, the operations count scales better than $\sqrt{\beta}$ (Figure~\ref{fig:test-opcount}).
We also observe that the accuracy of the energy is
much better than the relative accuracy guaranteed by the theoretical estimates. Consider for example that,
by requiring a relative ``spectral radius accuracy'' better than $10^{-2}$
(first data points in Figure~\ref{fig:test-oc-accu}) we obtain a relative error on the energy
of the order of $10^{-4}$ (the total energy is $\sim -5$~keV). This is mainly due to the fact that the
error in the energy is second order with respect to the error in the density matrix.
However, we observe that also the error in the full density matrix, computed as the spectral radius of the difference
with the result obtained with diagonalization, is in general almost one order of magnitude smaller
than the required accuracy. This result is probably due to a combination of effects: firstly,
we use worst-case estimates, so that the accuracy of the individual terms is necessarily higher
than the assumed one. Moreover, the errors affecting different $l$ terms might partially cancel each other out,
and many of the contributions in the Newton region are computed with an accuracy much higher than
requested, due to the exponential convergence.
The accuracy improves very quickly as the number of operations increases until, for errors around $0.01$~meV/atom,
numerical issues come into play and prevent further refinement, which is anyway hardly necessary for
most applications.

\red{
 Most of the observables relevant to electronic structure calculations, such as forces
and electronic density, are readily evaluated by expressions of the form
$\left<A\right>=\ensuremath{\operatorname{Tr}} \left[\tens{\boldsymbol{\rho}}\tens A\right]$.
Since the matrix $\tens{A}$ obeys the same sparsity as the Hamiltonian
$\left<A\right>$ depends only on a small subset of the nonzero elements of the density matrix.
We are currently investigating whether it is possible to compute the expectation value directly,
without evaluationg non-relevant elements of $\tens{\boldsymbol{\rho}}$,
which would further improve the efficiency.}

\section{Conclusion}
We have performed a detailed study of a recently-proposed form for Fermi operator expansion.
The properties of this expansion allow features of the expansion in polynomial and
rational functions to be combined, and by optimizing the mixture we can
have the best of both worlds.
In this way, we circumvent the tradeoff between the number of terms and the accuracy
of the expansion, which was needed by prior implementations of this expansion of the Fermi operator.
Moreover, sub-linear scaling of the matrix-matrix multiplications count with respect to the Hamiltonian
range is achieved, making the method particularly attractive for low-temperature and high-accuracy applications.
However, there is still room for improvement. In particular, work is in progress  in the direction of a
better polynomial expansion in the tail region. We are also considering applying the method to
molecular dynamics. In this case one could use the $\emme{l}^{-1}$s stored from the previous step as
a starting point for iterative minimization. In this way, the computation of the different $l$-channels
can be made independent, adding a layer of parallelism on top of the parallel matrix-matrix multiply.
Formal analogies between our expansion and Trotter factorization entering path integral techniques
suggest that some of the ideas presented here might be useful to tackle that problem as well.
In order to achieve linear scaling, attention should be paid to the issue of matrix truncation,
since here we have dealt only with matrix-matrix operations counts.
 Preliminary results show that in this respect there are no significant differences
from standard expansion methods, as the minimum sparsity of the terms taken into
account is basically the same as the sparsity of the whole density matrix, which is dictated by the
physics of the system.
The detailed analysis we have performed in this work has allowed us to obtain significant improvements over
the previous applications of this decomposition of the Fermi operator, and lays solid foundations
for further progress.

\section{Acknowledgments}
The generous allocation of computer time by the Swiss National Supercomputing Center (CSCS) and
technical assistance from Neil Stringfellow is kindly acknowledged.
We would also like to thank Giovanni Bussi and Paolo Elvati for fruitful discussion.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Coyne Schofield shines in fastest skater at All-Star Skills
Becomes first woman to participate in event, posts time of 14.346
by Amalie Benjamin @AmalieBenjamin / NHL.com Staff Writer
SAN JOSE -- The chant broke out across SAP Center. It wasn't for the San Jose Sharks or for Auston Matthews, once he'd shed his own Toronto Maple Leafs jersey to reveal a Patrick Marleau version. It wasn't for any of the NHL all-stars.
It was for Kendall Coyne Schofield.
"USA! USA! USA!"
[RELATED: Complete 2019 SAP NHL All-Star Skills results | All-Star Game coverage]
The 2018 PyeongChang Olympic gold medalist stepped to the line for the Bridgestone NHL Fastest Skater competition, the first event at the 2019 SAP NHL All-Star Skills. She looked once over her left shoulder. She heard the whistle.
She flew.
"I had chills," said Canada's Women's National Team defenseman Renata Fast, who was at the All-Star Game to demonstrate the Honda NHL Accuracy Shooting.
"Honestly, I had chills watching Kendall skate."
Video: Fastest Skater: Coyne Schofield sets the pace
Coyne Schofield, blond ponytail flying, crossed the line in 14.346. She wouldn't win. The title would go to Edmonton Oilers center Connor McDavid for the third consecutive year, at 13.378, but she finished less than a second slower than the fastest player in the NHL. She beat Clayton Keller of the Arizona Coyotes, at 14.526, and she could have done better. She had, already.
"It shows the top players -- men or women -- belong," Coyne Schofield said.
The idea was hatched on Thursday by NHL staff. Coyne Schofield and three other women's players -- U.S. Women's National Team forward Brianna Decker, and Canada's Women's National Team players Fast and forward Rebecca Johnston -- came to the arena to demonstrate some of the events.
Coyne Schofield stepped to the line for the fastest skater and produced time of 14.226, faster than three of the NHL players who had taken part in the 2018 NHL All-Star Game (Zach Werenski, 14.250; Noah Hanifin, 14.317, and Josh Bailey, 14.413).
They knew she should compete. So why shouldn't she?
Video: Coyne on getting Fastest Skater competition call-up
Colorado Avalanche center Nathan MacKinnon was not available to participate in the event because of a bruised left foot, leaving a spot open.
Coyne Schofield got the nod.
On Friday, the Avalanche, who were supportive of the idea, tweeted at her "Nate's here in San Jose for #NHLAllStar, but has someone else in mind to compete for Fastest Skater… @KendallCoyne, what do you think!?"
Tweet from @Avalanche: Nate���s here in San Jose for #NHLAllStar, but has someone else in mind to compete for Fastest Skater...@KendallCoyne, what do you think!?
Her response?
"It would be my honor! I'll get to the rink as fast as I can! #NHLAllStar #HockeyIsForEveryone"
Tweet from @KendallCoyne: It would be my honor! I���ll get to the rink as fast as I can! #NHLAllStar #HockeyIsForEveryone https://t.co/D0FyiQ1uZM
She called the invitation to become the first woman to participate in the All-Star Skills "surreal."
"My first impression was like, I can do this," Coyne Schofield said. "My speed is definitely my strength. Obviously, I was a little nervous, but I knew it was a moment that was going to break a lot of barriers and a moment that would change the perception of our game and show support to our game."
It was clear that it did. By the stick taps and amazed expressions. By the conversations she had with the NHL players. By the results on the scoreboard. By the tweet from the Los Angeles Kings.
Tweet from @LAKings: Hey @KendallCoyne, we���re looking to add some speed... Interested? pic.twitter.com/3IT9eKmXTd
"I was really impressed," Calgary Flames forward Johnny Gaudreau said. "She was flying out there. And she's American, which is even better."
If it hadn't been clear before, it was clear on Friday that women could compete at All-Star Skills. Not only did Coyne Schofield post a time competitive with the NHL all-stars, Decker put up an unofficial time of 1:06 in the Enterprise NHL Premier Passer, which would have beaten Edmonton Oilers forward Leon Draisaitl, who won the event with time of 1:09.088.
"She did?" Draisaitl said, when told. "Wow. That is impressive. That's really impressive. Good for her."
It could open the door for future participation by women's hockey players at the All-Star Skills, with the understanding that their times and skills are commensurate with the NHL players, whether it be Coyne Schofield in fastest skater or Decker in premier passer or Hilary Knight in accuracy shooting.
"I think the skills competition is an opportunity for the women to be right in on the events," Fast said. "I think if you were to review all of the demos the girls did, they weren't that far off from the males. I think they were right there with them. I think in the coming years it would be awesome to have a couple representatives actually competing.
"It would be a great opportunity for young girls, and boys, to see both males and females competing in a skills competition with the best in the world."
Video: Kendall Coyne and Brianna Decker visit the ASG set
Because for a sport where exposure means everything, Friday meant something. It meant a lot.
It was why Coyne Schofield was so nervous, knowing that her performance would be a statement, even in an exhibition event, even in a competition that didn't really have consequences for the NHL players taking part. For her, it had consequences. For women, it had consequences.
"I think today the NHL took that stance," Coyne Schofield said of the ability for women to participate in All-Star Skills. "They made that statement. I was fortunate to be a part of a lot of people pushing for it, a lot of hard conversations that have been had. I'm thankful for the opportunity.
"I think it went pretty well."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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text:
Andreea Cacovean (Torda, 1978. szeptember 15. –) világ- és junior Európa-bajnok román szertornász, edző, politikus.
1995-ben felkerült a Nemzetközi Torna Szövetség Világszínvonalú tornászok listájára.

Életpályája
1978-ban született Tordán, Mircea és Ana Maria gyermekeként. Szülei mindketten hidrológusok. Két testvére van: Andrei és Mircea.

1984-ben hét éves korában kezdett tornázni a Dévai Cetatea sportklubban, ahol edzői Mariana Bitang és Szabó Katalin voltak.
A válogatottban Octavian Bellu, Mariana Bitang, Nicolae Forminte, Eliza Stoica és Toma Ponoran edzették.
Első versenyén kilenc évesen indult.

Kedvenc szere a felemás korlát volt.

Juniorként
Az 1991-es junior Balkán-bajnokságon egyéni összetettben ezüstérmet szerzett.

Az 1992-es Junior Európa-bajnokságon Arezzóban a csapattal (Simona Amânar, Ana Maria Bican, Nadia Hățăgan, Simona Mocanu, Claudia Rusan) nyert bajnoki címet.
A következőn, 1993-ban Genfben felemás korláton szerzett bajnoki címet, egyéni összetettben, ugrásban és gerendán ezüst-, talajon pedig bronzérmes volt.

Felnőttként

Országos eredmények
Az országos bajnokságon 1995-ben egyéni összetettben bronzérmet szerzett.

Nemzetközi eredmények
1993-ban a Cottbus Internationalon és a Golden Sands Internationalon is első helyezett volt egyéni összetettben, Cottbusban még talajon is elért egy harmadik helyezést.
1995-ben a French International és az Ostrava International is második volt egyéni összetettben, az előbbin továbbá egy-egy ötödik helyezést is elért felemás korláton és gerendán.

Románia Nemzetközi bajnokságán 1993-ban ötödik helyen végzett egyéni összetettben.

Az 1994-es Amerikai Egyesült Államok-Románia kétoldalú találkozón egyéni összetettben tizennegyedik, az 1995-ös Németország-Románián Simona Amânarral és Nadia Hăţăgannal megosztva harmadik, az 1996-os Olaszország-Fehéroroszország-Románia-Oroszországon huszonhatodik helyezett volt.

Ugyancsak 1996-ban a Rome Grand Prix-n negyedik helyet ért el egyéni összetettben.

Világbajnokság
Karrierje során háromszor is részt vett világbajnokságon, egy arany- és egy bronzérmet szerezve.

Első részvételén 1993-ban Birminghamben felemás korláton nyerte el a bronzérmet.

Másodszor 1994-ben a Brisbane-ben megrendezett világbajnokságon csak az elődöntőig jutott.

Harmadik alkalommal 1995-ben Sabae-ben aranyérmet szerzett a csapattal (Lavinia Miloșovici, Gina Gogean, Simona Amânar, Claudia Presăcan, Alexandra Marinescu).

Visszavonulása után
Az 1996-os atlantai olimpián hátgerinctörés miatt már nem indulhatott, és ezek után még abban az évben vissza is vonult a versenyzésből, középiskolai tanulmányait azonban még a Dévai Tornagimnáziumban fejezte be és segédkezett a juniorok edzésében is.

Egyetemi tanulmányait 1997-ben a kolozsvári Babeș–Bolyai Tudományegyetem Sport és Testnevelés tanszékén kezdte meg.

A romániai Kereszténydemokrata Nemzeti Parasztpárt (Partidul Național Țărănesc Creștin Democrat) kolozsvári fiókja 2011-ben egyik alelnökének választotta meg, 2012-ben pedig egyik jelöltje volt a pártnak a Kolozs megyei Tanácsba, de nem jutott mandátumhoz.

Díjak, kitüntetések
A Román Torna Szövetség 1992-ben, 1993-ban és 1995-ben is beválasztotta az év tíz legjobb női sportolója közé.

1994-ben Kiváló Sportolói címmel tüntették ki.

A Nemzetközi Torna Szövetség 1995-ben felvette a Világszínvonalú tornászok listájára.

Szülővárosa, Torda 2005-ben díszpolgárává avatta.

Jegyzetek

Források

További információk

Kapcsolódó szócikkek
 Torna-világbajnokok listája

Román tornászok
Román nők
1978-ban született személyek
Élő személyek
Tordaiak
Román világbajnok tornászok
Romániai politikusok
Román tornaedzők

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


L'Eauxygénante mist is an oxygenating treatment which breathes beauty into your skin. Containing silk extract to create a comforting film across the skin, orange and kiwi extracts to awaken, and edelweiss extract to fight free radicals, this veil of oxygenating water will keep the skin hydrated and soothed throughout the day. This light spray oxygenates, unifies the complexion and diminishes blemishes as well as restores the glow to devitalised and tired Skin Instants®. An absolute must-have on flights, dry weather or as a general daily companion.


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Cheesemaking is a family affair at Hill Valley Dairy
Amber Burke
Growing up on a dairy farm near East Troy, Wis., Ron Henningfeld loved working alongside his family members, caring for the animals and farmland.
"I grew an appreciation of the entrepreneurial side of business by watching my parents, Roman and Carol, work hard on the farm every day," Henningfeld says. His grandparents, Roman and Marian founded Romari Farms in 1942, and the dairy farm is currently owned and operated by Frank and Colleen Henningfeld, Ron's older brother and sister-in-law.
The idea for Hill Valley Dairy, named after a nearby crossroad of the farm property, was born out of Henningfeld's affinity towards the family farm and wanting to find a way to stay involved at some level. Today Ron makes a variety of artisan cheeses with Romari Farms fresh milk. He remains passionate about making quality cheese using quality milk and connecting local people to local food products.
The Cheesemaker
While an ag education and biology student at UW-Madison, Henningfeld became curious about cheesemaking and started experimenting on his stove-top at home. Upon graduating in 2007, he taught agriculture at Delavan/Darien High School. In 2009, he chose to actively pursue his interest in the craft of cheesemaking with an apprenticeship at Babcock Hall's dairy facility at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
From there, Henningfeld accepted a job at Uplands Cheese Inc. in Dodgeville before becoming a manager at Clock Shadow Creamery in Milwaukee, which he helped open in 2012. In July 2016, Henningfeld and his wife Josie took the first steps to launching their own business, Hill Valley Dairy, making and selling their own cheese to local markets in East Troy and Burlington.
Henningfeld made an arrangement with Clock Shadow Creamery to create small batches of his own cheese, and continues to do so today under the Hill Valley Dairy label. Every Sunday, a milk truck from Clock Shadow Creamery arrives at Romari Farms to pick up fresh milk and haul it back to the creamery where Ron makes cheese every Monday.
What started as an amateur interest quickly blossomed into a potential career that would allow Henningfeld to produce something that's strongly connected to his family's farm.
According to Henningfeld, he makes about 500 pounds of cheese every week, as well as performing all of the cutting, packaging and labeling. Hill Valley Dairy specializes in cheese curds, gouda, cheddar and flavored cheddars.
"Cheese curds have to be sold the same week they are made," Henningfeld explains, "but we have a cheese aging facility at the farm I use to age the cheddars and goudas." He says that cheddar typically needs to age from one month to approximately three years for longer-aged cheddars. Gouda cheeses require a 9- to 18-month aging process.
Henningfeld says he develops Hill Valley's cheese flavors to be flavorful and fun; from the 'squeaky' cheese curd, to the whiskey gouda. Ron says his favorite cheese of the Hill Valley Dairy products is "Luna," a cross between an alpine-style cheese and a gouda. "I always wanted to make a cheese that tastes like the moon, and "Luna" is a result of that goal and vision."
In fact, Henningfeld says that "Luna" recently won third place in an open class at the World Champion Cheese Competition.
The Retail Store
Due to increasing popularity and demand for their products, the Henningfelds recently opened a retail store in Lake Geneva, located at 510 Broad St., in order to expand their business. "My wife, Josie, and I had been talking about opening a storefront for quite some time." Henningfeld says. "We have built a strong customer base by selling at farmers markets and to local businesses, so we thought it would be a great opportunity to have a permanent location where customers can find us and also introduce our products to new customers."
The Henningfeld's kept their eyes open for a location and were thrilled to find one in such a great spot, within walking distance to the lake. Also, 'the timing worked out great as we were eligible to apply for a Main Street Bounceback grant," Henningfeld adds.
The Main Street Bounceback program provides grants to approved businesses opening locations in vacant commercial spaces. Grants were designed to assist with costs associated with leases, mortgages, operational expenses and other business costs related to a newly-opened location. The Wisconsin Economic Development Consortium (WEDC) administers grants across the state of Wisconsin
Grants to businesses provide immediate recovery funding from the American Recovery Plan Act (ARPA) and lead to improved odds of a business opening or expanding and remaining open long-term.
"We were were eligible to apply because we opened up the cheese shop during the window of time they were supporting businesses due to the pandemic," Henningfeld says. "We received the grant in the summer of 2021 and utilized funds to renovate the space, pay rent and also hire staff and pay wages. The grant helped us tremendously as a small business."
Higher Aspirations
Since its February launch, Henningfeld says the Hill Valley Dairy retail store has received a very enthusiastic welcome from Lake Geneva community residents and visitors.
Therefore, the Henningfeld's made the decision to expand the retail space into an adjacent storefront at 512 Broad St., which will house a cheese-tasting bar expected to open in a few weeks.
"This will provide extra space and seating where people can enjoy cheese onsite in a relaxing atmosphere. Customers will be able to purchase a variety of menu items including a cheese flight or cheese-tasting board," he says. "We also have received a permit so customers can order a glass of wine or beer with their cheese or charcuterie."
As part of the ongoing June Dairy Month celebration tour, Gov. Tony Evers visited Hill Valley Dairy's cheese shop on June 2 to see the production and design renovations utilized with Main Street Bounceback grant funds.
"Supporting fledgling small business entrepreneurs like Hill Valley Dairy through initiatives like the Main Street Bounceback Grant Program is an important economic development tool for Wisconsin," says Evers. "The MainStreetBounceback Grant Program has provided more than 4,500 small businesses and nonprofits across all 72 Wisconsin counties $10,000 grants to help them move or expand into vacant commercial spaces."
In addition to its retail store, Henningfeld says Hill Valley Dairy sells its small-batch artisan cheeses through area retailers, specialty shops and grocery stores across southeastern Wisconsin, as well as some in Madison and Milwaukee. They also continue to sell their products at farmers markets and a variety of area restaurants. You can also purchase cheese on their website at www.hillvalleydairy.com.
In true family style, the Henningfeld's say that their daughters Rayla and Leni love helping out when they can, offering samples at the shop, helping out at the farmers markets and even assisting in labeling the cheeses.
"We've been extremely fortunate to build great relationships with our customers and community members. Our family looks forward to offering quality cheese products for many years to come."


Terry Huval is making it official. On July 18th, the Lafayette Utilities System and Fiber Director retired after making his plans known in April of 2018.
According to officials with Lafayette Consolidated Government, Lafayette Utilities System and Fiber Director Terry Huval is retiring.
Huval has served the city of Lafayette for 23 years, and today he announced that he is leaving his post, saying it's a good time for him to make this move. He'll remain at the helm of LUS and LUS Fiber until sometime towards the end of the fiscal year, which is October 31.
"There's no better time than right now. Fiber is at the height of its success, and LUS is an industry leader in reliability and customer service. While it's never easy to say goodbye, I'm confidant in the strength of these companies, and more importantly, the strength of the people left to continue this good work. My personal plans have been to retire near the end of 2018. I am choosing ot make my retirement announcement now in order to provide adequate time to help Mayor Robideaux prepare for and implement the transition."
"Under Terry's leadership, the primary goal of LUS has always been the customer first. Even with the changing landscape of the utilities system and the need to continuously adapt to new technologies, LUS has always prided itself on keeping costs down, maintaining high reliability, and prioritizing customer service. Staying progressive in thinking, with successful ventures like launching LUS Fiber and rolling out a smart grid system, there can be challenges to maintaining high standards of service. Under Terry's guidance and demand for excellence, LUS has successfully accomplished its goals and stayed true to its purpose. As we move forward, LUS and LUS Fiber will continue to embrace that mindset and always make our customers the number one priority."


Sara, Composer and Pianist, was born and raised in Tehran. She took Orf music lessons by Naser Nazar, director of Pars Music Institute for children in early nineties. She then studied at Music Conservatory and subsequently entered Art and Architecture University for a Bachelor's program in 1998.
She has learned and grown her musical skills under supervision of most renowned Iranian musicians such as, professors Lili Sarkisian, Kambiz Roshanravan, Hossein Alizadeh, and Ahmad Pejman, Farhad Fakhredini, and Chista Gharib.
Sara has composed works for short films and long films, including "Opposite", "A striped Dream", and "Zagros". She has taught the piano, Orf, theory and harmony to many children throughout her years of studying and practicing music.
Sara has a Masters degree in composition from Tehran University of Art. She lives in Los Angeles with her husband.
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The stop-start section of the disrupted Volvo Ocean Race 2011-12 finally came to an end this weekend after the race boats were unloaded from a ship in the Maldives in readiness for the difficult next leg to Sanya in China.
Following the safe completion of the operation to unload five fully rigged yachts from a cargo ship, after their passage through the pirate laden Indian Ocean, organisers revealed the 'safe haven' which had been kept a secret, was Male in the Maldives, where the Volvo Ocean Race will restart on Sunday night.
Mike Sanderson's Team Sanya has rejoined the fleet after they completed the first section of the second leg to earn five valuable points which will see the full six boat fleet on the race track for the first time since the boats left Cape Town on the second leg in December.
"I don't think I have ever been so amped up to get back out and go racing,'' Sanderson said.
"We owe it to everyone, and ourselves to go and have a decent leg and get this show back on the right track.
Abu Dhabi Ocean Racing earned the psychological advantage last Saturday by winning the first 106 mile sprint from Abu Dhabi to Sharjah but Telefonica remain overall leaders with a tight seven point lead over second placed Camper.
"We've got ourselves a Master's degree in improvising, and loading and unloading yachts onto ships," said Iker Martínez, Telefónica skipper.
The next 3,300 nm leg to Sanya in China is one that is being dreaded by crews and navigators.
Petty thieves, congested waters, fishing nets and massive debris in the waters are all set to create headaches for skippers on top of wind holes and a final deeply uncomfortable headwind bash to the destination.
"We expect upwind conditions, wind on the nose, for most the time,'' said Groupama's Franck Cammas.


Full Bed In Small Room have 50 picture of interior design, it's including Full Bed In Small Room Astonishing Interior Design 1. Full Bed In Small Room Dumbfound Interior Size For Design 2. Full Bed In Small Room Surprising Headboard With A Twin Mattress Turned Longways Brilliant Interior Design 3. Full Bed In Small Room Extravagant Elegant Collection Beds For Bedrooms Exq 11968 Interior Design 4. Full Bed In Small Room Stagger 11 Ways To Make A Tiny Bedroom Feel Huge HuffPost Interior Design 5.


For Honor, XCOM 2 and Just Cause 3 free to play on Xbox One this weekend | PowerUp!
This weekend is a perfect one for Xbox One owners to stay indoors and have a go at some free games. The games in question, For Honor, XCOM 2 and Just Cause 3. They're all free to play on this Xbox Live free weekend.
In addition to each of the games being free to play for Xbox Live members, they're also heavily discounted for the duration. So, if you find that you love one (or all) of these games, you can pick them up cheap.
Each of the games will be playable for specific periods over the weekend and they're all getting started today, so let's take a look.
All three games available in this Xbox Live free weekend are playable from today, May 3 (May 4 in Australia) and each kick off as follows has already commenced.
All three games will be playable until midnight, May 7, 2018, PT and 5 pm, May 7, 2018 AEST. The Xbox Live free weekend is a chance for players to give these games a go without putting any money down.
It's also a chance for the developers/publishers to draw in potential new players and help extend the life of these titles.
For Honor was released a year ago and in the period since Ubisoft has worked hard to improve and upgrade the experience. The Xbox Live free weekend will let players try the 12 original heroes and the campaign either solo or in co-op.
Ubisoft will be reintroducing the Warrior Training Program. This rewards experienced players for giving newbies a helping hand. If an experienced player plays five matches alongside free to play players, they'll earn two weeks of Champion Status.
If you're after a more strategic experience then XCOM 2 is the game for you in the Xbox Live free weekend.
XCOM 2 follows the exploits of the human resistance to the alien overlords following the loss of the war in XCOM.
Players will be able to experience the entire game and work to save humanity from a terrible future.
Below, you'll find the discounts that apply for the duration of the Xbox Live free weekend.
To download the free to play games just head to the Gold Member area of the Xbox One dashboard.


Lapis Lazuli, the Ancient stone of truth and wisdom, is an ancient spiritual stone reputed to activate the higher mind and enhancing intellectual ability. It stimulates the desire for knowledge, truth and understanding. Lapis encourages honesty of the spirit, and in your word.


This spacious 8 x 6 metal shed has plenty of intriguing features, not least the apex roof. The roof is unique in that it allows for increased headroom. This also means that you can store taller and bulkier items inside the building. The shed has been created using galvanised sheet steel. This material has a base metal thickness of 0.25 mm. It won't experience any cracking or rusting due to the steel, and the building also comes complete with a 20 year non-perforation warranty.


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Episode Title: Keeping in Top Forme!
The show looks at whether a partner can be found based solely on the naked body and animal magnetism. Two singletons join host Anna Richardson as they seek to choose…
Genre: Game-Show, Reality, Romance
A critical and often humorous look at the upper class, tracking the protagonist's harrowing odyssey from a deeply traumatic childhood through adult substance abuse and, ultimately, toward recovery.
Scare PewDiePie
In this reality-adventure series from the creator and executive producers of "The Walking Dead," experience thrills, chills, and laughter as PewDiePie encounters terrifying situations inspired by his favorite video games.
Genre: Comedy, Horror, Reality, Reality-TV
Before there was Batman, there was GOTHAM. Everyone knows the name Commissioner Gordon. He is one of the crime world's greatest foes, a man whose reputation is synonymous with law…
Genre: Action, Crime, Drama, Fantasy, Mystery, Sci-Fi, Thriller
Saitama is a hero who only became a hero for fun. After three years of "special" training, though, he's become so strong that he's practically invincible. In fact, he's too…
Genre: Action, Action & Adventure, Animation, Comedy, Sci-Fi
The series centers on 17-year-old Joshua "J" Cody, who moves in with his freewheeling relatives in their Southern California beach town after his mother dies of a heroin overdose. Headed…
Chappelle's Show
Chappelle's Show is an American sketch comedy television series created by comedians Dave Chappelle and Neal Brennan, with Chappelle hosting the show as well as starring in various sketches. Chappelle,…
Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey invents new modes of scientific storytelling to reveal the grandeur of the universe and re-invent celebrated elements of the original series, including the Cosmic Calendar and…
Lifelong best friends Alexa and Katie are eagerly anticipating the start of their freshman year of high school. The pals confront a crisis that leaves them feeling like outsiders at…
A group of single parents lean on each other to help raise their 7-year-old kids and maintain some kind of personal lives outside of parenthood.
Comedy about the unlikely friendship that develops between two very different young women who meet waitressing at a diner in trendy Williamsburg, Brooklyn, and form a bond over one day…
Set two generations before the destruction of the legendary Man of Steel's home planet, Krypton follows Superman's grandfather — whose House of El was ostracized and shamed — as he…


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The Rifleman es una serie de televisión del género western protagonizada por Chuck Connors.

La serie
La serie titulada "El Hombre del Rifle" en español, estaba protagonizada por Chuck Connors como: Lucas McCain, un viudo que trabajaba en su rancho, lo acompañaba su pequeño hijo Mark McCain. La serie era un western. Se emitió entre septiembre de 1958 y abril de 1963. Se filmaron 169 capítulos de la serie.

Elenco

 Chuck Connors: Lucas McCain
 Johnny Crawford: Mark McCain
 Paul Fix:  Marshal Torrance

Referencias
 Televisión argentina: 1951/1975 Escrito por Jorge Nielsen,Hugo F. Vega

Enlaces externos
 https://web.archive.org/web/20100522181328/http://www.imdb.es/title/tt0051308/

Series de televisión de Estados Unidos
Series de televisión de wéstern de Estados Unidos


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El Condado de Barton es el nombre asignado a dos condados de Estados Unidos en diferentes estados:

 Condado de Barton (Kansas)
 Condado de Barton (Misuri)


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Sessions Search and Views Navigation
Enter Keyword. Search for Sessions by Keyword.
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4/23/2020	April 23, 2020	 - 1/19/2022	Now
April 23, 2020 @ 5:15 pm - 5:45 pm PDT
09 – Music Education — The Intertwining of Educational Disruption and Music Disruption
Music education is disrupted from its local delivery and relationships with schools and gatherings. We will share some local sagas and examples how music education has been rethinking its delivery and its role/connection with the local music communities.
13 – Music Resilience in Malaysia
Dr. Santaella and the Malaysian singer-songwriter/multi-instrumentalist Azmyl Yundor will share what the pandemic has done to music and music ecosystems in Malaysia.
April 24, 2020 @ 1:15 am - 1:30 am PDT
23 – Transformation of Music Cities
Social distancing and stay-at-home orders have temporarily reconstructed where and how consumers enjoy music. When the bans and restrictions are lifted, how will our musical lives fit into spaces and places that have been altered by massive behavioural and regulatory shifts? What might be the challenges for cities in recovering from lockdowns, adapting to new relationships with national governments, truncated economies and new patterns of travel and communication.
28 – How the COVID-19 Crisis May Change the Format of Music Itself
Looking at music's history, it has always been outside forces that dramatically changed the way we experience music and how music is made. Through anecdotes, this talk explores how electric light, iron casting, mass consumerism, and the internet all played a role in changing the format of music, and how the current crisis may change music itself once again, and the music business with it, through social distancing, localism, and virtual experiences.
32.2 – How the Music Industry in Latin America Perceives the Impact of the Pandemic
Join this panel of music connectors working across Latin America and hailing from Mexico, Columbia, and New York on how the music industry in Latin America is shifting and engaging across countries and communities.
33 – Latin America: Challenges For a Society that Understands Itself Through the Public Gathering
We will be joined by live and digital music leaders from Mexico, Argentina, and Chile who will be sharing their own challenges and experiences in re-thinking music performance and community in their own cultures and communities.
35.2 – Future of Career Pathways
With the shutdown of much of the industry, what is the effect on short-term opportunities like internships for those aspiring for careers in the music business? What does the landscape for hiring look like in the short and long terms now? What will various segments of the industry look like in terms of the number of jobs and the pathways to obtaining them?
April 24, 2020 @ 9:45 am - 10:30 am PDT
38 – Futures 15: Normalizing Digital Scarcity with Cherie Hu
Cherie Hu will talk about how the pandemic could be a turning point for normalizing digitally scarce goods and experiences. She'll discuss disruptive effects (both positive and negative, short- and long-term) of this sudden paradigm shift on how the music industry is structured and what fans expect from artists. I can also discuss one or two case studies of artists and entertainers who built sustainable businesses off of a notion of digital scarcity (pre-pandemic), and what we could learn from them.
April 24, 2020 @ 11:45 am - 12:15 pm PDT
42.2 – Future of Higher Education in Music
Future of Higher Education in Music (Session 42.2)Future of Higher Education in Music As a result of COVID-19, higher education institutions were forced to quickly shift to online platforms, a massive disruption by itself. Universities which offered music business programs have ahead of them not only the task of re-adjusting from that shift and […]
April 24, 2020 @ 12:15 pm - 12:45 pm PDT
43 – Roles of the Individual in Society – Inequalities, Anonymity and Rights
As we prepare for this event, protesters in different cities and countries are standing for their rights to leave their homes. What other rights are being challenged with tracking, reduction in anonymity, and freedom of speech? How does this impact future music-making and music-community? How will this affect how we organize and create?
Next Sessions


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Since January of 2007, we are certified by NP EN ISO 9001:2008 (Quality Management System).
associated with the manufacture of plastics for injection).


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IHSA, Gov. Pritzker at odds over winter sports
Athletic association intends to start basketball on Nov. 16
Tuesday, November 3rd, 2020 12:39 PM
The IHSA and Gov. Pritzker aren't seeing eye to eye on the state of high school basketball this winter. (Alex Rogals/Staff Photographer)
By James Kay
The Illinois High School Association and Gov. J.B. Pritzker have different ideas about the fate of prep sports this winter.
Pritzker announced on Oct. 27 the Illinois Department of Public Health upgraded its guidelines to include basketball as a "higher risk" sport after it had been categorized as a "medium-risk" sport for months. He went on to say basketball was not "canceled" but just "put on hold."
The IHSA, which was set to hold a special meeting the day after to discuss the different possibilities of high school sports this winter, alleges it was not aware of the governor and IDPH's announcement until 15 minutes before Pritzker's news conference.
"About 15 minutes prior to Governor Pritzker's press conference today, we were alerted that the Illinois Department of Public Health has elevated the sport of basketball from a medium-risk level to a high-risk level," IHSA executive director Craig Anderson said in a statement shortly after Pritzker's news conference.
''We remain considerate of the recent rise in positive COVID-19 cases in our state. However, in our meeting with IDPH on [Oct. 23], we felt that we presented multiple options that would allow for basketball to be conducted safely by IHSA schools this winter, many of which are being utilized in neighboring states who plan to play high school basketball.''
On Oct. 28, the IHSA defied Pritzker's and the IDPH's orders and released a statement that it will move forward with basketball this winter. Anderson said practices and games can start Nov. 16 and Nov. 30 respectively. Michael O'Brien of the Chicago Sun-Times also reported that Anderson stated the IHSA didn't discuss the legal ramifications of its decision.
Pritzker announced on Oct. 29 higher-risk sports would be pushed to next spring or summer, giving a timetable for when sports like football and basketball could return to play. This was a response to criticism that the state was leaving athletic departments and their teams hanging with an indefinite postponement.
Meanwhile, the decision to follow Pritzker's orders or the IHSA's ruling is, at the moment, in the hands of local school officials. The question people are raising is what happens if one school decides to move forward with basketball on Nov. 16 and a school within the conference chooses to wait until the spring to start its season.
While it is expected athletic directors in the same conference will meet to get on the same page, time is of the essence with the IHSA starting basketball up in two weeks. There are also liability issues surrounding the potential of COVID-19 spreading if teams were to compete indoors this season.
Riverside-Brookfield High School, Lyons Township High School and Nazareth Academy did not return the Landmark's request for an interview by the time this edition went to print.
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Village Planner Position
The Village of Brookfield is energetically recruiting for the position of Village Planner within the Community and Economic Development Department. This position will report directly to the Community and Economic Development Director. Qualified...


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Nevada Daily Mail
Marvel Janet Beerbower
Marvel Janet Beerbower, age 81, a resident of Ft. Scott, Kan., died Tuesday, Oct. 18, 2016, at the Ft. Scott Mercy Hospital. She was born Nov. 20, 1934, in Deerfield, Mo., the daughter of Birt Pettibon and Gladys Tetrick Pettibon. Marvel graduated from the Nevada High School with the Class of 1952. She married Nole Beerbower on Nov. 18, 1960, at Ft. Scott. In earlier years, Marvel had worked at the Bourbon County Courthouse, Sears and the Western Insurance Company. She then began a secretarial career with the U-234 School District where she worked at the Board Office and then at Winfield Scott and Eugene Ware Elementary Schools. She retired in 1996. Marvel lived life to the fullest. She and her husband, Nole, enjoyed traveling and attending area car shows as well as camping. She also enjoyed going to flea markets and garage sales. She maintained numerous collections of items including, stamps, post cards and Ft. Scott memorabilia. In later years, she enjoyed keeping in contact with her friends on her computer.
Survivors include two sons, Gil Beerbower and wife, Lana and Todd Beerbower and wife, Sherry; a step-son, Eddie Beerbower and wife, Brenda; and a step-daughter, Pam Korinek and husband, Eldon; four grandchildren, Ryan and Austin Beerbower, Andrew Korinek and wife, Susan and Wendy Korinek and three great-grandchildren, Kyla, Lily and Gage all of Ft. Scott. Her husband, Nole, preceded her in death on March 26, 2013. She was also preceded in death by her parents, three brothers, Quentin, Wendel and Stanley Pettibon and a sister, Eloise Nelson.
Rev. Eric Going will conduct funeral services at 1:00 p.m. Friday, Oct. 21 at the Cheney Witt Chapel. Burial will follow in the Evergreen Cemetery. The family will receive friends on Friday from 12:30 p.m. until service time at the Cheney Witt Chapel. Memorials are suggested to Ft. Scott Christian Heights or Care to Share and may be left in care of the Cheney Witt Chapel, 201 south Main Street, P.O. Box 347, Ft. Scott, Kan. 66701. Words of remembrance may be submitted to the online guestbook at cheneywitt.com.
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