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Harvard's Glass Flowers
Photo courtesy of Harvard Museum of Natural History
While the northeast is blanketed in snow and ice, even in Cambridge, Massachusetts, amazing flowers made of glass are blooming at the Harvard Museum of Natural History.
In a darkened room on the third floor of the museum, glass cases sparkle, carefully lit to best show off grasses with their seed heads, delicate wildflowers, cocao plant and seed, one of the economically important plants on display, and more familiar flowers like rhododendron, mountain laurel, iris and dahlia. Each is displayed so that root, stem, leaf, flower and seed have been available for study by Harvard students ever since 1887.
Although the glass flowers are stunning works of art their purpose was to serve as teaching tools for Dr. George Goodales' botany classes. As the first Director of the Harvard Botanical Museum Dr. Goodale was concerned about the quality of the exhibits. At that time dried plants were used, as were replicas made of wax or papier mache. Understandably, replicas made of those materials were crude in their depictions of fine detail, and they did not last long over time, while dried plants did not express the vital reality of the plant.
He had only to look to another Harvard Museum, that of Comparative Zoology, to find the answer to his problem. There he found scientifically detailed glass models of marine invertebrates made by Leopold and Rudolph Blaschka, father and son who came from a long line of glass workers.
Dr. Goodale went off to Hosterwitz, Germany, a small town near Dresden. He met the Blaschkas and arranged for a few glass flowers to be made for Harvard. When those flowers arrived at Customs in New York City, the box was carefully marked Fragile, but the customs worker opening it saw merely a bunch of plants, and no need for care. He closed the box and threw it aside.
Though heavily damaged, those broken flowers were sufficient to show how valuable they would be. Elizabeth C. Ware and her daughter Mary Lee Ware offered to finance a contract with the Blaschkas.
I can just imagine the time and thought Dr. Goodale spent thinking about what plants should be included, what species, orders, and genera. He wanted a wide cross section of the plant world, and wanted to include many of the plants that had an economic importance. The Blaschkas got a list and prepared their own plan, beginning with planting some of the requested flowers in their own garden.
Over the years the Blaschkas used their own garden as well as the royal gardens and greenhouses of the castle in Pilnitz which was nearby. There they found many tropical and exotic plants. In 1892 Rudolph traveled to the Caribbean, and the United States to make sketches, note colors and collect plant samples. His second trip to the US in 1895 was cut short by the death of his father. After that he carried on alone until 1936, only three years before his own death.
Photo Copyright Harvard - Hillel Burger
After the first shipping debacle, Harvard took care to make arrangements to have the shipments brought right to Harvard where the boxes were opened in the presence of a customs official. Dr. Goodale was often known to say that the shipping process was "almost as wonderful as anything about them."
The glass flowers rarely leave the Museum, but when they do, as to a special exhibit in Japan, they travel with a companion. 'Mr. Box' gets his own seat in first class with a seat belt, and extra stabilizing webbing.
Once six flowers were sent to the Corning Glass Museum in1972, but all were ruined in a flood. Currently the Corning Museum has several pieces of jewelry made by Leopold around 1864, long before he worked to get the botanical accuracy demanded by Harvard.
People in our area may be quite familiar with the way glass is blown to make goblets, bowls and plates, but the process used by the Blaschkas was very different. "Lampwork" requires a small flame at a work table, small bits of glass and fine tools. Some wiring (covered with glass) is required to connect parts of the plant or to stabilize and strengthen a pendant flower or seed.
Models of magnified plant parts
The Blaschka's work table is now a part of the exhibit which consists of 487 flowers or plants, but about 4000 separate pieces. Many of these pieces resemble microscope slide magnifications of the plants internal parts, of its stamens, pistils, and ovaries.
A few of the plants are not on exhibit. For a time there was a display case in the hall near the special exhibit room. Casual passers by did not understand they were looking at depictions of plant diseases, and wondered by rotting apples and moldy peaches should be left on hallway shelves.
Visitors to the Glass Flower gallery will mostly marvel at the delicacy and artistry of the flowers. Unless they are students of botany themselves they may not appreciate the details of life cycles, however I was amazed at the depiction of a pussy willow, the familiar bud we treasure in the spring, starting to show the pollen laden anthers as they are just starting to be visible.
The glass flowers show us nature's magic in every season, but human ingenuity and artistry at the same time.
The Harvard Museum of Natural History is open daily 9 am – 5 pm. All Massachusetts residents can enter free Sunday mornings, 9 am – noon, and Wednesday afternoons from 3-5 pm. For full information logon to www.hmnh.harvard.edu. ###
GWA and Flowers of Glass
C is for Cacao, Cocoa and Cadbury
Steichen's Blue
All About the Bridge of Flowers
February 19th, 2011 | Tags: Other Gardens, Travels | Category: Art in the Garden, Our Community, Travel | 4 comments
A Year of Compassion
Guan Yin - Bodhissatva of Compassion
When we were living in China we were once taken to a temple where we saw a small statue of Guan Yin, the bodhisattva of compassion, with her thousand hands, each of which has an eye in the palm. I thought this was a grotesque image until someone explained that it was a metaphor for her compassion. It is said that Guan Yin has a thousand eyes to see the troubles of the world and a thousand hands to help.
I became fascinated by Guan Yin and continue to collect tales about her. In these days when so many are suffering from loss of jobs, loss of homes, who are sick and hungry I think of one story in particular.
One day Guan Yin was walking down the road, saddened by the cries of those who had nothing to eat. She stopped and looked down at a weed rustling in the breeze by the side of the road, a useless and noisy weed. She ripped open her bodice, and from her breasts dripped white drops of milk onto the useless plant. When she had given all her milk, she pressed harder till drops of blood fell. The white and red drops became grains of rice. Sometimes she is shown in a gown patterned with rice foliage in commemoration of this gift to humankind.
My porcelain Guan Yin is just one of the many images my friend Ken has given me over the years. This image shows her with a few of her many magic tools, a bottle of the dew of compassion that she sprinkles about, a little brush to brush away the distractions that plague us, various magic pills and fruits to cure what ails us. If anyone can tell me more about her iconography I would be very grateful.
The most recent image Ken sent me was this from YouTube.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgHmSdpjEIk
"There is an awesome dance, called the Thousand-Hand Guanyin, which is making the rounds across the net. Considering the tight coordination required, their accomplishment is nothing short of amazing, even if they were not all deaf. All 21 of the dancers are completely deaf. Relying only on signal from trainers at the four corners of the stage, these extraordinary dancers deliver a visual spectacle that is intricate and stirring. Its first major international debut was in Athens at the closing ceremonies for the 2004 Paralympics. But it had long been in the repertoire of the Chinese Disabled People's Performing Art troupe and had traveled to more than 40 countries. Its lead dancer is 29 year old Tai Lihua, who has a BA from the Hubei Fine Arts Institute. The video was recorded in Beijing during the Spring Festival this year." Ken Beatty
May Guan Yin be ready with her dew of compassion this year, and may we all be ready to accept it and share it.
Guan Yin Mian
Tree Peony Extraordinare – Guan Yin Mian
All Kinds of Peonies
Rain Drenched Pink
December 30th, 2009 | Tags: Travels | Category: China, Myth | 6 comments


Police have confirmed that a video clip circulating online showing a man shooting a handgun, is that of Jelani Martin who was shot dead by police on Friday.
Martin, who was said to be a member of the 'Unruly ISIS' gang of Enterprise, was killed on the Caroni Savannah Road around 3.30 Friday afternoon.
Police say he shot at them first but the head of the Islamic Front, Umar Abdullah is challenging the police's account of the matter.
Abdullah claims it was an extra-judicial killing and claims to have video evidence to back up his claim.
The video circulating online shows a man standing in some bushes with a handgun and extended cartridge.
He points the firearm into the air and fires three shots before the gun appears to stick.
He then makes an adjustment and fires another round, and repeats the same action before eventually walking off.
Martin was on bail for firearm-related charges when he was shot dead.


"Robertson seems completely unaware that in fact religious bias is one of the categories of bias crime covered by hate-crime laws — and it has been from the very start, since these laws were first enacted on the state level in the early 1980s!" writes David Neiwert.
Breathe in, breathe out, breathe in, breath out, find the quiet between the breaths between the heartbeats the still calm universe to which we all are connected and connects us all to it.
Now that I'm better… I went to the 700 Club's website (the link is below) and sent the excerpt to Mr Robertson's Cult of Jesus crazies and included my heart-felt commentary that his flavor of hate-mongering and fear-mongering is exactly why the Cult of Jesus crazies' numbers are diminishing. One can only hope that this kind of vitriol and garbage from the Cult of Jesus is silenced once and for all time. Hate is not a family value that my Gay family recognizes. The "contact us" is on the upper right side of the screen.
Any excuse to hate and fear is the secret to control the insane Cult of Jesus crazies. Faith over fact is the tool. The Village Idiot is a grand description of this Cult of Jesus Craziness.
The lie continues from desperate people who have nothing.
Ron Paul's take on what's going on today.


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The Grand Slot Debuts at Quickspin Casinos
Published March 12, 2019 by Mike P
The Great Gatsby has inspired the development of The Grand slot from Quickspin. Key features include Synched Reels, Random Wilds, and Nudge Reels.
The Grand is a brand new slot game that is playable at Quickspin casinos from 12 March 2019. Quickspin has openly cited 1925 novel The Great Gatsby as inspiration for the slot, which has utilised an art-deco style that aims to evoke comparisons with the Golden Age of Hollywood and the Roaring '20s.
Six Reels
Quickspin has ambitiously played with the interface of The Grand by designing six reels. On reels one and two, there are three rows. Reels three and four have four rows, while the fifth and six reels have five rows where symbols can appear.
Synched Reels
The Grand makes use of the six reels by allowing for them to be synchronised. Quickspin has described the Synched Reels feature as allowing for up to six reels to be synched in unison. In addition, the Synched Reels can always appear as exact pairs of columns that are at the same height and spinning the same symbols.
Random Wilds will then provide players with an opportunity for substitute symbols to land anywhere unexpectedly. Quickspin has made it possible for players to gain four to eight wild symbols at random. Notably, however, the random wilds are not able to cover other wilds or free spin symbols.
The Grand also presented the Nudge Reels feature as an option for players to try and shift the reels slightly for their benefit. When using the Nudge Reels feature, it is possible to shift a maximum of three reels, even if the free spins and bonus symbols are showing.
GRANDomizer and Free Spins
One of the Synched Reels, Random Wilds, and Nudge Reels features can be unlocked by reaching the GRANDomizer with three bonus symbols. Meanwhile, there are also free spins symbols, with only three or more needed in order for players to benefit.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Trachelospermum inflatum är en oleanderväxtart som först beskrevs av Carl Ludwig von Blume, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre och Marcel Pichon. Trachelospermum inflatum ingår i släktet Trachelospermum och familjen oleanderväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Oleanderväxter
inflatum

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: paste several words in the name of a file text in R I want to create a series of file txt, called "matrix_i.arp". Wherein "i" can assume values from 1 to 5.
for (i in 1:5) {
writeLines(txt, paste("matrix", i, sep="_"))
}

The problem is that I don't know how to paste ".arp" to the name of each file txt.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Dyscalculia is bloody annoying in adult life, our world is practically built around numbers. The great news is you can change! Your brain has the ability to grow throughout life, this is called NEUROPLASTICITY. So it's never too late to start learning and here we will discuss what Dyscalculia help for adults is available.
Try the below solutions to change your life and see what amazingness you can achieve today. Having trouble in the workplace? Read some helpful workplace solutions here.
Solution : Swap 5 mins of social media for sorting out your maths problems. Look at our 7 Day funny maths program to start improving your maths anxiety.
The most important thing you need to know are your Times Table and Dividing facts. I know they are impossible to remember for those that suffer from Dyscalculia (I know - I have Dyscalculia) but you muddle through somehow but imagine how INTELLIGENT you would feel if YOU were the one splitting the bill at the end of the night at the restaurant, if you weren't terrified when a boss or friend asked you a maths question!
Try Table Fables which uses FUNNY, RUDE animations to teach times tables and dividing. You also win £50 if you complete the 17 days challenge. Smart and rich in 17 days! That's a WIN WIN.
Solution : Talk to friends about your number dyslexia issues.
Make fun of yourself and tell them that you need to grow this part of the brain so from now on you need to be the one splitting the bill.
Don't let anyone help you, it may take a bit longer but use mental arithmetic and your times tables you learnt on www.tablefable.net and you will get there.
You will feel like a superhero after you have done it a couple of times, I promise.
Dyscalculia help for adults : This isn't a massive problem in life unless you are an astronaut! However if you exercise this area of your brain then other areas of your mental maths will massively improve.
Eg: stretching for an athlete won't make them faster but it will make sure they don't get injured so they can run faster.
It's the same with maths, stretch this area of your brain and your mental arithmetic will become faster.
When walking to work start this game at the same spot everyday : count backwards from 100 and see how far you get before you get muddled. Keep doing it every day until you get faster and more accurate. Your aim is to be counting backwards from 100 - 0 so you are very fast and very accurate. You can record your time by how far you have managed to walk.
Once you have mastered this, challenge a so called 'Normal' brained person to see if you can do it faster than them.
Dyscalculia help for adults : Make sure you have your times table and dividing skills down. Next we need to put them into practice.
Ask your friends how much they spend in a month on food. Now multiply that by 12 and see how much they spend in a year.
It's a great game for being nosy about how much people spend on food. It might also inspire you to cut down your food bill and save some money, not something those who suffer from Dyscalculia are known for!
Ask your friends how much they pay in rent or mortgage a month.
Again multiply that by 12 and work out how much it is costing them a year.
If you are paying too much rent, club together and buy a flat/ house to share!!
"How the hell do I do that!!" I hear you cry.
Helpful hint : I always thought when doing mental maths you had to start adding from 👉 right hand of numbers as you do with a write calculation.
However when someone enlightened me (thank you Steph) that it's way easier to count from the LEFT 👈 when doing mental maths, Life became a lot easier.
Now you have 1100 in your head.
Jesus, hope that hasn't completely thrown you but it works for me!
Recap : Start at the far left 👈 number when doing mental addition don't start at the right.


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Are underdog Wizards a good bet to cover vs. Raptors? NBA Predictions 3/1/17
Anthony Rome
Wizards vs. Raptors Prediction
Are the underdog Wizards a good bet to cover against the Raptors tonight after beating the Warriors last night?
According to oddsmakers from online sports book Bovada.lv, the Raptors are now 4-point home favorites versus the Wizards after opening as a 3-point favorite. As for the total, the number hit the board at 214 and has been bet down to 210.
NBA Quick Links: Free Matchup Reports|Injuries|Odds Comparison|Scoreboard|Betting Trends
The Wizards enter play having won seven of their last 10 games overall but are just 4-6 against the spread over that same stretch. They're 33-25 against the number on the season, which includes a 12-13 ATS mark on the road.
The Raptors have won six of their last 10 games but failed to cover in six of those 10 contests. They do have a winning record at the betting window this season, however, as they're 33-26 ATS overall and 17-13 ATS at home.
OUR PREDICTION: The Wizards have been a good bet against the Raptors in recent meetings between these two teams, covering in four of their last five trips to Toronto and in seven of the last 10 meetings overall. The Wizards are also 6-2 against the spread in their last eight road games and have cashed in 14 of their last 20 games overall. On the other side, the Raptors are just 2-5 against the number in their last seven games and have failed to cover in eight of their last 11 games when playing on one day of rest.
WEDNESDAY NBA PREDICTION: WASHINGTON WIZARDS +4


Must have a personal interview with school personnel.
To apply for admissions a student must contact NTAi Headquarters in Somerville.
The first step in the process is to schedule a personal interview. This can be done in person, or over the phone. During this preliminary interview a counselor will discuss past experience, future goals and current technical knowledge. The counselor will make suggestions about a program or course which is most appropriate for the student's goals.
Depending on a student's needs, NTAi will offer a monthly payment plan or work study. If the student wishes to enroll they must complete an application form and enrollment form. There is a $25 non-refundable application fee.
Students referred by the Department of Employment and Training Workforce Development must fill out their part of the Section 30 form which will extend unemployment benefits to the end of the scheduled training, and any other forms an NTAi counselor may identify as required.
Every applicant will be entered in the NTAi database.
NTAi restricts classrooms to a maximum of 24 students. If enrollment exceeds the maximum (24 students) then a second instructor is made available and every effort will be made to make approximate equal class sizes for each instructor.
On the first day of class each new student will be referred to the website to view the academic calendar and course curriculum.
NTAi strictly adheres to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). If you have any questions regarding FERPA, please visit http://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html.
NTAi courses are taught on a 20 clock hour per week schedule. Instruction is delivered 4 days a week (Monday-Thursday) and lab sessions are done after hours, Fridays and some Saturdays.
Financial Aid is not available but NTAi recognizes many students are unemployed or underemployed. Their tuition is paid for by Massachusetts Department of Career Services TRADE or Workforce Investment Board training vouchers. As a result of our student needs we have a generous Work Study Program. The NTAi Work Study program is a "work in lieu of tuition payment program" designed to help students meet educational expenses through meaningful employment. The Director assists students who qualify for work study to find part-time employment positions within NTAi. Jobs vary and range from assisting in classrooms to working as an assistant in Administration. Details are available in the Administration Office. Ask a Director for assistance in how this program is conducted.


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1MATCH URL: https://assets.rappler.com/787EC60DF86045699C48A777A502AA07/img/4538FD8EC5114F55BAB3EB4FD1C9E610/afp-201707100-us-senate-trumpcare-protest.jpg
Trump to lawmakers: Get health care reform done by August
(UPDATED) As Senators returned for work in Washington after a week off, Trump challenged fellow Republicans to make good on their signature campaign promise: repeal and replace 'Obamacare'
@afp
Published 10:22 PM, July 10, 2017
Updated 9:56 AM, July 11, 2017
NO TO TRUMPCARE. A demonstrator from Arizona chants, 'Kill the bill or lose your job' while sitting on the floor outside the offices of Sen. Jeff Flake (R-AZ) during a protest against health care reform legislation in the Russell Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill July 10, 2017 in Washington, DC. Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images/AFP
WASHINGTON DC, USA (UPDATED) – US President Donald Trump heaped pressure on US lawmakers Monday, July 10, to pass a health care reform bill before Congress goes on its August recess, with Republicans teetering on the edge of a potentially major failure.
As Senators returned for work in Washington after a week off, Trump challenged fellow Republicans to make good on their signature campaign promise: repeal and replace "Obamacare," the reforms of his White House predecessor.
"I cannot imagine that Congress would dare to leave Washington without a beautiful new HealthCare bill fully approved and ready to go!" Republican Trump wrote in a menacing early morning tweet.
The Senate and House of Representatives – which passed its own health care overhaul in May, but would need to vote on any Senate changes – will go on recess for more than five weeks beginning July 28.
Trump has made repealing and replacing the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) a priority, and last month expressed confidence that the Senate bill would be a "phenomenal" plan with "heart."
When Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell unveiled the secretly crafted new bill in late June it immediately faced internal dissent from conservative and moderate wings of the party, and McConnell could not muster enough support before the July 4th holiday week as he had hoped.
With Democrats united in opposition, McConnell needs the votes from 50 of the 52 Senate Republicans to get the measure passed.
But when he took the floor Monday for the first time in 11 days, he sounded no closer to corralling enough support to achieve the Republicans' long-held dream of dismantling the ACA.
"The Senate Republican conference will continue working to help these families because we believe that they deserve better than Obamacare and its years of failure," McConnell said.
Police meanwhile arrested 80 protestors for "unlawful demonstration activities" after they fanned out in at least 13 parts of the Capitol complex to voice their opposition to the bill.
During the holiday week, lawmakers returned to their districts where many faced constituents who expressed intense opposition to the plan. Polls show it to be very unpopular among voters.
The Senate draft would keep some parts of Obamacare intact, but strip away much of its funding. It also rolls back the expansion of Medicaid, the federal health care program for the poor and disabled.
The United States is the only developed industrial democracy that does not have universal health care. Almost 30 million Americans have no health insurance whatsoever, CDC data shows.
At least 10 Republicans have said they would not support the bill as written, including Senator Bill Cassidy, who told Fox News on Sunday, July 9, that "clearly the draft plan is dead."
Republican leaders are tweaking the measure, in a desperate bid to get enough of their party's lawmakers on board, but Cassidy complained he has not even see the new version.
"Is the serious rewrite plan dead? I don't know. I've not seen the serious rewrite plan," he said.
'Time to move on'
Several Republican dissenters worry that the bill could leave millions uninsured.
The non-partisan Congressional Budget Office projected that the Senate plan would swell uninsured ranks by 22 million more people by 2026 as compared to current law.
McConnell intends to unveil a revamped draft as early as Thursday, Politico reported, with a new CBO "score" due the following week.
That would leave less than two weeks before the August recess – precious little time for the biggest legislative lift of Trump's presidency to get across the finish line.
McConnell has signaled that if the repeal plan fails, a bipartisan fix of Obamacare might be needed.
Democrats have long said they are ready to work with Republican in that effort, and on Monday, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer wrote McConnell urging him to cooperate on several Obamacare-connected measures introduced by Democrats.
But Schumer also needled his rivals for stumbling in their repeal-and-replace bid.
"It's time to move on from the failing Republican-only approach and start over in a bipartisan way in health care," he said. – Rappler.com
Filed under:Affordable Care Act•Donald Trump•Mitch McConnell•Obamacare•US Congress•US Republican Party•politics•United States


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Insigne ignoring speculation over future as Napoli challenge for Scudetto
Napoli captain Lorenzo Insigne insisted he is focused on playing amid growing speculation over his future as the Partenopei challenge for the Scudetto.
Insigne led the way with two successful penalties in Napoli's 3-0 win over Bologna on Thursday – a result that sent Luciano Spalletti's back to the Serie A summit ahead of Milan on goal difference.
Napoli star Insigne has converted all four of his Serie A penalties this season – no other player has scored more among the players who found the net exclusively via spot-kicks in the top five European leagues.
Insigne also became the first Napoli player in Serie A to score a brace from the penalty spot since Dries Mertens in September 2017.
Afterwards, Insigne was asked about his contract situation, with the Italy international and Euro 2020 winner due to become a free agent at the end of the season.
"You always think about the same thing," Insigne – who emerged from the youth team of boyhood club Napoli in 2010 – told Sky Sport Italia amid links with Inter and Milan. "I only think about playing.
"The president [Aurelio De Laurentiis] and my agent take care of the other things."
Fabian Ruiz opened the scoring with a stunning long-range goal in the 18th minute – the Spain international has scored the most goals from outside the box in the top five European leagues in the last three seasons (nine since 2019-20) among the players who have not scored a goal from inside the box over this period.
Insigne then scored a penalty four minutes prior to half-time before converting another spot-kick just past the hour at home to Bologna.
Napoli have now collected 28 points after their first 10 Serie A games, equalling their best record at this stage of a top-flight season after 2017-18.
Eyeing their first Serie A title since 1990, Napoli have won all their first five seasonal home games for the seventh in the club's top-flight history.
"It's a great response, the championship is still long," Insigne said. "We know we are strong. Those who go on the pitch, those who enter off the bench…
"As the coach said, the five changes are even more important, they are five other starters. We must continue like this; the path is long and we must be calm."
« Milan showed belief in win over Hellas Verona – Pioli Inter on a mission, not in transition - Inzaghi hails high-flying defending champions »
STETHS, Edwin Allen advance to Ben Francis Cup final
Edwin Allen High and St. Elizabeth Technical will contest the final of the Ben Francis Cup Knockout after winning their respective semi-final fixtures on Tuesday.
The double-header at STETHS saw Edwin Allen secure a comfortable 4-0 victory over Manchester High in the opening fixture and the host school pulling out a 1-0 win over Frome Technical in the second.
The final will be played at STETHS on Friday, January 21.
The hosts will be looking to secure their seventh Ben Francis Cup while Edwin Allen will be seeking their first.
Popular Football News
Athletic Bilbao 0-2 Real Madrid: Benzema and Modric scoop Su…


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JT Habersaat - Comedian - Tickets
JT Habersaat: Deemed the 'Godfather of Punk Rock Comedy' by 'Chicago Now', JT Habersaat has headlined the groundbreaking Altercation Comedy Tour for over a decade. At once both observational and bitingly sardonic, JT has released a trio of albums on the Grammy-winning imprint Stand Up! Records, including his most recent one-hour special 'MISANTHROPE' which shot to #2 on the iTunes top 200 comedy charts. JT is a frequent guest on the Doug Stanhope Podcast, has appeared on Comedy Central's sketch program 'The Upright Citizen's Brigade', and acted opposite adult film legend Ron Jeremy in the cult Troma Films hit 'Toxic Avenger 4'. JT is a frequent festival headliner, having in recent years performed on Pouzza Fest Montreal, Akumal Comedy Festival Mexico, Bird City Comedy Fest Arizona, The Fest Florida, Punk Rock Bowling Fest Las Vegas, Fun Fun Fun Fest Texas and the nation-spanning VAN'S WARPED TOUR. Habersaat has consistently shared the stage with countless modern comedy legends such as Kyle Kinane, Henry Rollins, Janeane Garofalo, Brian Posehn, and Doug Stanhope, and his most recent novel 'KILLING FOR A LIVING' was released in late 2018 to much critical acclaim. When not touring, JT hosts the weekly program 'The Road Podcast', and curates the annual Altercation Comedy Festival in Austin, Texas, recently hailed by 'New York Magazine' has one of their 'Top Comedy Festivals in the World'. 2019-2020 will see JT embarking on some long-awaited new national tour dates alongside fellow comic Eddie Pepitone, dubbed the 'FOR THE MASSES' TOUR.


The day of your wedding is the rated by most as the single most important day for you to look and feel your best. Here, we'll discuss the four biggest weight loss traps that keep you from shedding pounds, and give solutions to help you meet your wedding diet goals for your big day.
1. Not consuming enough calories and protein. Many people think that 'less is more' when it comes to their weight loss. The key to losing weight loss is calorie and protein intake. If we don't take in enough calories and protein our body thinks it is starving and that something is seriously wrong. This causes our body to slow down our metabolism to help us conserve energy. This of course causes us to gain weight and be more tired—a no-no for the wedding day.
The solution: Consult a wellness and nutrition expert to advise you on the right amount of calories for you to consume daily on your wedding diet. Don't rely on the generic guidelines from an online or magazine article. All bodies are different—different metabolisms, different activity levels—therefore, requiring different caloric intakes.
2. Not eating often enough. We all live crazy, hectic lives—especially when running around with wedding planning. As we get busier, we eat less often. This throws our body into survival mode, creating a slower metabolism leading to increased fat storing and less energy by our bodies trying to conserve energy.
The solution: Eat three meals and two snacks a day so that you are eating every 3-4 hours while on your wedding diet. You'll be amazed that by eating more you're less hungry and losing weight. Our first meal should be within 30-45 minutes of waking up to prevent our bodies from going into survival mode.
3. Not taking in enough nutrients while on the wedding diet. Many of us think that all foods are created equal. Unfortunately this is not true. Fruits and veggies don't have the nutrition in them that they should. Fresh produce is picked early so that it can ripen over the days, weeks, or even months before it makes it to the stores. Once the fruit or vegetable is picked, the nutrition to it stops, so they can have as little as 15-20% of the nutrition they should have in them.
The solution: Forgo "quick foods." Our body determines if we are starving or not, simply by the amount of calories we are consuming and the amount of nutrition we are giving it. Most of the quick foods we rely on are very high in calories and carbohydrates, yet very low in nutrition. Protein, although very important to effective wedding diet weight loss and on-going fat burning, is not the most convenient food to find when we are on the go. Before you spend $20-30 on a canister of protein powder, make sure it is loaded with vitamins and minerals that we need daily (did you know we need 114 nutrients daily?). Look carefully at the label (amino acids are NOT vitamins). Just like anything else, you usually get what you pay for.
4. Following Fad Wedding Diet. Many times people get frustrated because they gain all of the weight they lost plus more when they lose weight with one of those 'fad diets'. This is because most of them cause us to lose out on even more nutrition while on the diet, throwing our bodies even farther into survival mode so when we go back to your old eating habits, our body starts to store these extra calories as even more fat.
The solution: The key is to lose weight on your wedding diet while at the same time giving our body all the nutrition (protein, vitamins and minerals) it needs. So eat the best you can, adding vitamin, mineral and protein when needed.
The great news is there is an easy solution to you looking and feeling your best for your big wedding day! Just keep in mind, all four of these areas must be done to lose the weight, have more energy and keep it off. By simple things, you will lose weight, feel healthier and look better on your wedding day!


Note change of day and time to Friday at 11:00 a.m., this week only.
Please note change of day for the CM seminar, this week only.
The Sack Lunch and the CM Seminar will swap places, this week only.
Please note the date and time change this week.
Thanksgiving - There will be no seminar this week.
Subject: Le Chatelier principle for out of equilibrium and boundary driven systems : application to dynamical phase transitions.


Dumbbells & Weights Training Equipment used to improve endurance, increase overall strength and build muscles. At VINEXSHOP, you will get complete and wide range of Dumbbells & Weight Training Equipment like Weight Lifting Rods, Barbell Set, Weight Plates, Dumbbells, Dumbbell Rods and all other required accessories that are available in different weights & sizes as per customer needs. For more detail please visit us at ... ttp://www.vinexshop.com">http://www.vinexshop.com or call us at +91-121-2441111.


The Castelli Sentimento Womens Short Sleeve Jersey combines traditional cycling cuts with the colours and prints of Castelli's Bellissima collection.
Castelli used their microfiber Prosecco Strada fabric to give this jersey a looser, more traditional fit compared to the stretch-fit Bellissima jersey, while the Prosecco treatment will help keep you dry in every condition. As well as a full length front zipper the jersey has 3 rear pockets.
For increased visibility in low light conditions the jersey has reflective strips.


A compelling statistic emerged from the 2016 Resource Management and Capacity Planning benchmark study. Of organizations that considered themselves lower maturity when it comes to capacity planning, only 31% typically even consider capacity when deciding to take on new projects. In stark contrast, 72% of mature companies consider capacity most or all of the time.
But what benefits does this latter group gain by having the ability to assess capacity when reviewing incoming demand? As it turns out, there are many positive results to be had from understanding resource capacity. I've highlighted 5 key benefits reported by organizations that have incorporated a reasonable understanding of resource capacity into their project intake process.
Greater Business Agility – When priorities must shift suddenly to meet an emerging needs, understanding the key roles required and your capacity to fill them allows for more informed tradeoff and scheduling decisions. After all, it's hard to shift resources around if you don't have a clear picture of who is available; what their capacity to take on new work is; or what else they're working on that could perhaps be rescheduled.
A Proactive Staffing Strategy – Understanding your organization's capacity at a role level, as compared with the needs of the demand pipeline, allows you to proactively set a staffing strategy that may include adding skills, hiring contractors, offshoring certain activities, bringing in interns, hiring more staff, or any number of actions that can assure effective execution of organizational strategies.
Fewer Firefights and Less Burnout – When your people's capacity to take on new work is considered and work is scheduled accordingly, the obvious result is fewer firefights, less overload, and more productive, satisfied resources. While change is inevitable, work can be more planful—even emergent work. It's a simple fact that continued, excessive overtime reduces productivity and increases stress and turnover. To this end, a little bit of planning can go a long way.
More Reliable Project Schedules – In today's dynamic and agile world, project schedules must be fluid and adaptable. But that doesn't excuse one from planning. On the contrary, planning is necessary even for Agile work, and that includes planning and replanning based on available capacity. This will ensure that the current project schedule is fully capacitized and thus more reliable. In contrast, planning to infinite capacity is like spinning the roulette wheel—if you hit your mark, it'll be mostly by accident.
The Ability to Innovate – Being able to quickly evaluate capacity to take on new innovation projects is crucial. According to the 2016 Resource Management and Capacity Planning Benchmark Study, 71% of IT leaders at higher maturity organizations are able to respond to innovation opportunities in hours or days instead of weeks or months. One participant who successfully undertook capacity planning, a senior manager with a leading consumer products company, reported going from eight weeks to only two or three days on average to evaluate capacity to take on new projects. Indeed, innovation at speed is a clear business advantage. Likewise, the ability to assess capacity to plan for innovation projects in the portfolio is just as vital.
It should be clear by now that, collectively, these five major benefits lead to a better customer experience, a more positive work environment, and a greater ability to execute strategies. It is by no means a stretch to add that visibility into capacity is, in fact, a key enabler of agility and innovation—a true differentiator in today's world.


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Sports | College
With more road games ahead, Dakota Wesleyan men's basketball seeks steady scoring and consistency
DWU men's basketball gears up for its second road trip of the season.
Dakota Wesleyan University's Jeffrey Schuch finishes a left hand layup over Hasting College's Mathias Nchekwube during a Great Plains Athletic Conference men's basketball game on Friday, Dec. 3 at the Corn Palace. (Matt Gade / Republic)
Matt Gade
By Branden Hull
Scoring has been harder to come by for the Dakota Wesleyan University men's basketball team this season.
After finishing with a record 2-6 on the road in November, the Dakota Wesleyan men's basketball team registered three games scoring less than 60 points for the first time since the 2013-14 season.
The Tigers (6-6, 3-2 GPAC) steadied the ship with two wins over Hastings and Doane to start December last weekend at the Corn Palace, including a 25-point win over a trending Doane team. But as DWU averages 70.3 points per game — the lowest in coach Matt Wilber's tenure as head coach — the Tigers are looking for consistency, especially on the road, where they play five of their next six games.
"The way we run our offense, we get a lot of open looks and our guys do a good job of moving the ball, but in games that we really struggled, we haven't handled ball pressure well," said coach Matt Wilber. "For us, we're not a high possession basketball team so our scores are naturally going to be lower. … We're not a high transition team and we don't shoot early in the shot clock so it's a combination of things."
What's also contributed to DWU's low scoring outputs have been the alarming amount of turnovers. In its six losses this season, DWU has averaged 14.5 turnovers per game, which Wilber called a "historically astronomical number" since he first began coaching the team in 2013.
"We've been a pretty good defensive team this year and that has to travel," Wilber said. "You've got to be a good defensive team on the road and a huge key for us is going to be taking care of the ball. If you turn the ball over on the road, you're going to get beat. Then when you talk about getting to the free throw line and rebounding, those two things are really key on the road as well and getting to the free throw line is an area of concern for us."
DWU has not had many problems at home, where the Tigers have been 4-0 so far this season and have won by an average margin of more than 22 points. In the two wins over Hastings and Doane, DWU combined for 14 turnovers and set its season-high for 3-pointers made twice. Dakota Wesleyan made a season-high 12 3-pointers against Hastings on Dec. 3 and topped that the following day by making 13 3-pointers with only five turnovers against Doane on Dec. 4.
Dakota Wesleyan University's Nick Wittler shoots a jump shot against Hastings College during a Great Plains Athletic Conference men's basketball game on Friday, Dec. 3 at the Corn Palace. (Matt Gade / Republic)
"They were ready to play and we had a lot of fight and grit in us," Wilber said. "Combined with us making a lot of shots, it really just came down to that. We got good looks, our guys took care of the ball all on offense and we played with some toughness and intelligence on the defense. … We put a heavy emphasis on protecting the Palace and our guys are comfortable there just like most college teams are when they're on their home court."
DWU hasn't allowed a team to score more than 59 points this season at home, but Wilber felt they had some help in doing so as they caught Doane on what Wilber called a "hangover," being that it was the second night of a back-to-back for Doane after they just earned arguably its most fulfilling win of the season, beating No. 10 Jamestown 89-82 in North Dakota.
The Tigers are 5-1 this season when they have less than 10 turnovers per game and Wilber believes that's something that is "realistic and attainable" going forward. DWU has tried four different lineups this season and Wilber said the team is still sorting out who will play certain minutes as the season continues on, with attitude and production as main factors to decide who will be playing.
"For us this year, this is as deep into the season as we've been where guys are really still fighting for minutes," Wilber said. "That's also a day-to-day discussion as well where our guys know internally that they're competing for those minutes. That's going to be up to them and it's always been that way, but this year, we're deeper into the season looking for those guys that are going to come off the bench at the guard spot and the big spot and dominate those minutes."
DWU travels to play Dordt at 3:45 p.m. in Sioux City, Iowa on Saturday before playing two games on Dec. 18 and Dec. 19 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Related Topics: BASKETBALLDAKOTA WESLEYAN UNIVERSITYMEMBERS-ONLY
Branden is a sports reporter that graduated from Purdue University Northwest with a bachelor's degree in communications and a focus in journalism. He joined the Mitchell Republic in June 2021 and covers prep and collegiate athletics. He was also the lead on the Mitchell Republic Full-Court Press, providing a weekly web-exclusive look at high school basketball throughout all of South Dakota. Branden can be reached at bhull@mitchellrepublic.com and found on Twitter at @bhullreports.
USF, Augustana schedule first non-conference football games since 2011
Cougars to visit Pitt State; Vikings will take on Chadron State
Tiger men's basketball upends Northwestern with late run, defensive stand
An 8-0 run by DWU capped by a Koln Oppold go-ahead 3-pointer gave the Tigers the final edge, as the Red Raiders put up just two points over the final 4 1/2 minutes of play.
Dakota Wesleyan women's basketball holds off No. 20 Northwestern for second-straight ranked road win
The Tigers never trailed for the second game in a row, pulling ahead by as many as 18 points in the third quarter on the way to a road GPAC win.
USF's Bob Young: A life well lived
"I think he truly felt like you were going to be rewarded for doing the right things," Washington coach Kalen DeBoer said of the legendary late Cougar football coach.


Sweetbreads might be one of those "love them or hate them" foods, but pan-fried and finished with a lemony butter sauce, served with caramelised onions, they are a real treat.
For years I shunned sweetbreads: no rational reason other than the thought of them! But what a mistake that was: the crispy exteriors with their creamy melt-in-the-mouth centres, and delicate flavour are an absolute joy to eat. And they are so inexpensive too.
I now rate sweetbreads as the king of offal, in the same way I rate a scallop as the king of seafood. They are wonderful as a starter but make great treats when served with drinks: perhaps on some toasted brioche…..
Sweetbreads are easy to prepare and just involve a couple of simple stages.
(I) Soak them in cold water for a few hours or even overnight, changing the water part-way through. The soaking will draw out any of the impurities in the sweetbreads.
(II) Poach the sweetbreads for about a minute in barely simmering water and then plunge them into cold water and leave them to cool in there.
(III) At that point, peel off the membranes – which will come off easily- and set aside until you are ready to pan-fry them.
NB: if you leave the membrane on, when you fry them the membrane tightens up around the sweetbreads and gives an overly-firm texture.
These onions are seriously to die for! Soft, buttery, slightly sweet and with a nice vinegary tang.
Simply slice them and pan-fry them gently in butter for about 20 minutes: just until they start to caramelise. A slash of white wine vinegar stirred in adds a lovely sharpness: you can add more if you want a sharper taste.
(1) Soak the sweetbreads in cold water and place in the fridge overnight. The next day, poach in barely simmering water for a minute and transfer to a bowl of ice cold water. When cool, carefully peel off the membranes and discard them.
(2) Dry the sweetbreads and mix the flour, salt, garlic powder and cayenne together in a bowl. Toss the sweetbreads through it, making sure the sweetbreads are lightly coated in the flour.
(3) Heat a little butter in a frying pan until it starts to sizzle. Add the sweetbreads, spaced a little apart, and cook for a couple of minute son each side, or until a deep golden brown. Transfer to a warm plate.
(4) For the sauce, add the butter to the pan and melt. Add the garlic and cook for a few moments. Add the capers and lemon juice, along with salt and pepper. Taste, adding more lemon if you think it needs it.
(5) Put the sweetbreads onto serving plates, spoon over the sauce and sprinkle over the chives. Serve with some of the onions.
I'm in the love them category! A very intriguing recipe. When I was in college, albeit a long time ago, I could buy beef livers for about 80 cents and I'd get 4-5 meals out of one carton! I can't get sweetbreads where I live unless I order them, but good to know they're inexpensive!


Case: Good case that has previously been polished and shows light wear from use. Excellent fat font Pepsi bezel insert. Inner caseback is stamped 1675 III.70. Serial and reference number are crisp and well defined.
Dial: Excellent matte black tritium MK 1 dial with creamy markers and matching hands. The minute hand has been colored to match the dial.
Bracelet: Very good American Oval Link w/ 14k white gold trim. Bracelet has some stretch from use.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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From Cold War to M-Pesa, events that shaped our history
Mwalimu Julius Nyerere (left), Mzee Jomo Kenyatta (middle) and Tom Mboya, arguably some of East Africa's most influential people, meet at a function in 1965. FILE PHOTO | NATION MEDIA GROUP
A combination of declining income from exports and a change in economic strategy forced Kenya to turn to the World Bank in 1980 to be able to pay its debts. One of the first African countries to do so, Kenya was set on a path towards a smaller state, and a stronger market economy, courtesy of internationally designed Structural Adjustment Programmes. While this may have allowed private enterprise to thrive, the state itself became weaker as a result.
The assassination of Foreign minister Robert Ouko on February 13, 1990, was every bit as important in its ramifications. Most notably, it led international donors to take a much more critical attitude towards the Kanu government, which eventually translated into greater pressure for the end of the one-party state.
By DANIEL BRANCH AND NIC CHEESEMAN [email protected]
In July 1962, Tom Mboya set out his vision of the new nation in a speech as powerful and heartfelt as any other in Kenya's history.
Delivered to the bedrock of colonial society, the white settlers in the Kenya National Farmers' Union, Mboya observed that "to date, our people have been dragged through history". He promised: "Henceforth, we will write our own history."
It was a challenge taken up with great enthusiasm. Kenya's history since has been written by the millions and not by the few. Writing this history was not just the affair of the likes of Mboya, Moi, the Odingas and the Kenyattas. It also concerned the city-slickers of Nairobi, the pastoralists of Turkana, farmers on the slopes of Mount Elgon, hotel staff at the beaches of the Coast and Somali refugees in Dadaab.
But, despite Mboya's optimism the shadow of colonialism continues to loom large. It is perhaps only in the past decade that the full extent of the damage wreaked by the bloody final years of colonial rule has been appreciated. The mental maps of the country we carry around with us are still shaped by colonial cartographers, as a quick glance at the boundaries of the "new" 47 counties reveals.
To be sure, the disinterest shown by the British to certain parts of the country has been exacerbated by periods of post-colonial neglect, but there can be no doubt that the foundations of many of Kenya's social and economic divisions can be traced back prior to independence. Similarly the significance of Christianity and a powerful centralised state have deep roots.
In many ways the colonial legacy left Kenya a fragile nation. Yet reviewing the 50 events that define Kenya's history over the past half-century reveals that Kenyans have not simply accepted their fate. Instead, these milestones demonstrate that for all of the country's fragility and occasional violence, the last 50 years has been marked by resilience, ingenuity, and triumph.
FRAGILITY:
The 1964 coup attempt and the fallout between Kenyatta and Odinga
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Honour Ruto deal, leaders tell Uhuru
MPs: Leave Murkomen, Duale alone - VIDEO
Kenya gained independence at the height of the Cold War. The first defining event of its independent history saw the new government abandon its policy of non-alignment, by which it meant steering a course between the American and British, on one hand, and the Chinese and Soviets, on the other. The Lanet Mutiny of January 1964 by members of the Kenya Rifles provoked Jomo Kenyatta to seek British assistance to restore order.
That decision led to a series of agreements with the British by which the former colonial power agreed to provide military support in the event of any domestic or foreign threat to Kenyatta's government. Kenya has generally enjoyed close relations with Britain, the United States and other Western governments ever since.
What makes the occasional spats with the likes of Smith Hempstone, the US ambassador in the 1990s, and his British counterparts, Edward Clay and Christian Turner, notable is that they punctuated periods of otherwise constructive engagement.
Jomo Kenyatta's domestic policies aligned Kenya with the Western allies too. The economy in the 1960s and early 1970s was orientated towards exports of agricultural products and dependent upon favourable prices being paid by foreign consumers. While these policies drove growth and helped improve living standards, they also divided Kanu and ultimately resulted in Oginga Odinga's decision to break with the government.
Prior to this, Kanu had successfully used both carrot and stick to persuade the only other opposition party, the Kenya National Democratic Union (Kadu), to 'voluntarily' dissolve itself.
This process necessitated the integration of Kadu leaders into Kanu, and it was through this process that Daniel arap Moi rose to the position of Vice- President.
The dissolution of Kadu was therefore critical not just in enabling Kanu to establish a one-party state but in laying the foundations for the 'Nyayo' era.
But the refusal of Odinga and other 'radicals' to follow Kenyatta's lead on economic matters quickly undermined the appearance of unity. The creation of the rival Kenya People's Union (KPU) and the 'little general elections' the new party contested against the Kanu government in 1966 demonstrated the complex fault lines that divide the political class, and marked the beginning of the struggle for power between the Kenyatta and Odinga dynasties that would come to a head in the election of 2013.
Kanu convincingly won the day, but the same economic policies that supported a steady expansion of the economy in the late 1970s and early 1980s also left the country vulnerable to shifts in the global economy. The global recessions caused by the oil crises of 1973 and 1979 had devastating effects on the economy of Kenya and others across the African continent, with far reaching implications.
It is only over the past decade or so that the economy has recovered from the shocks of the 1970s and 1980s. The state did not recover nearly so quickly.
In its place vigilante groups and militias sprung up, sowing the seeds for the gradual transfer of control over violence away from the state. This process, and the limitations of the police force and the Judiciary, meant that the government was unable to deliver security and justice to citizens when they needed it most in the aftermath of the 2007 election.
Economic fragility went hand in hand with political fragility. President Kenyatta's death in 1978 (6) led to fierce competition behind closed doors, as some of his allies attempted to change the constitution to prevent Moi, as Vice-President, from succeeding Mzee.
The "Change the Constitution" movement lost the day for two reasons. First, Kenyatta felt that a rotation of power between ethnic groups was important for national unity and so prevented efforts to remove Moi from office – a lesson as relevant today as it was then.
Second, senior Kikuyu leaders such as Mwai Kibaki and Charles Njonjo rallied to Moi's side, enabling him to see off his rivals.
Kenyatta's death not only left Kenya without a president, it left the nation without its figurehead. Shortly into Moi's tenure, the deep political divisions that had surfaced in 1978 reappeared. Following efforts by Odinga to set up a new political party to rival Kanu, Moi passed legislation that turned Kenya from a de facto one-party state (in which there was no legal restriction on opposing parties) to a de jure one -- Kanu became the only legal party under Section 2A of the constitution.
This was a critical moment because it set the scene for the battle between Kanu and pro-democracy activists in the late 1980s and suggested that Kenya would be less open in the Nyayo era than it had been under Kenyatta's rule.
Together with the restriction on political freedoms, Moi's decision to prohibit ethnic welfare associations such as the Gikuyu Embu and Meru Association (Gema) generated considerable political unease and further instability. On August 1, 1982, members of the air force mounted their coup against Moi. Some coups are important because they lead to a change of government. But coups that fail can be just as important in the way that they change the perceptions and actions of the survivors.
In the years that followed the coup Moi's regime became increasingly repressive of critical voices. For much of the rest of the decade, real and imagined critics of the government were subjected to harassment, arrest and in the worst cases torture. But this did not succeed in silencing dissent. Coercion has never proved to be an effective means of maintaining stability in Kenya, from the era of colonial rule onwards.
In Moi's case, the 1988 elections proved to be a critical juncture. The clear evidence of rigging – made obvious by the use of queue voting, so that it was plain for all to see that in many areas the less popular candidate had been declared the victor – undermined the legitimacy of the one-party state.
At the same time, by plotting to lock out many prominent leaders such as Charles Rubia and Kenneth Matiba in party and national elections, Moi unintentionally created a leadership for the country's nascent pro-democracy campaign. As a result, Kenya experienced another period of intense political turbulence as Matiba, Odinga and Rubia came out in favour of regime change.
This period of Kenyan history is perhaps best remembered for the saba saba riots, a genuine moment of popular mobilisation against authoritarian rule, which played an important role in setting the scene for the reintroduction of multiparty politics.
The return of competitive politics had major implications that reached far beyond the political sphere. The need to fund election campaigns, combined with the weakening of state institutions as a result of Structural Adjustment Programmes and the strategies employed by the Moi government in the late 1980s, ushered in a new phase of rampant corruption that demonstrated just how fragile the country's mechanisms of fiscal and political accountability had become.
This period was epitomised by the Goldenberg scandal, in which hundreds of billions of shillings of government revenue were misappropriated in an elaborate export scam. That none of the major players in the scandal were ever effectively prosecuted demonstrated the extent to which law and order had broken down, while the economic impact of the scandal – estimated to be well over Sh100 billion – illustrated the high cost of weak institutions.
Assassination of popular leaders sowed the seed for political reform
Partly as a result of episodes of instability, Kenya has suffered a series of episodes of traumatic violence. It is tempting to ignore these moments in favour of a more rose tinted celebration of 50 years of independence, but that would do a disservice to some of the most important figures in the nation's history.
In the 1960s there was the assassination of Pio Gama Pinto (1965), which dealt a significant blow to those more radical members of Kanu such as Oginga Odinga, for whom he had been such a successful organiser.
In terms of national politics, the 1969 assassination of Tom Mboya, one of the most talented and respected politicians of his generation, was perhaps more significant. With his death, Kenya not only lost a brilliant mind, but one of the few political leaders capable of mobilising support across ethnic lines.
Pinto and Mboya were not alone. In 1975 the popular Kikuyu leader, JM Kariuki, was killed, sending shock waves through Central Province. Kariuki's claim that Kenya had become a nation of "10 millionaires and 10 million beggars" suggested that had he lived he would have focussed greater attention on the need to limit the growth of the super rich and super poor – sadly, we shall never know.
At the same time, the investigation into the assassination contributed to the fall from grace of one of Moi's most notorious allies, Nicholas Biwott.
It is often said that Kenya has been peaceful and stable since independence, but these assassinations – which occurred in pretty much every decade of independence – tell a different story.
It is tempting to wonder how Kenya would have developed if so many of those who put forward a different vision of the country's future had not been cut off in their prime. For example, imagine if Tom Mboya, who was born just a year before Mwai Kibaki, had just retired from public life rather than been buried in 1969.
While their methods differed significantly, what united Mboya, JM Kariuki and Pio Gama Pinto, in particular, was a concern for equality and social justice. Although many Kenyans did well under Jomo Kenyatta, the gains that were made were not shared equally, which contributed to the grievances of those groups who consider themselves the 'have nots'.
At times violence has also erupted on a mass scale. Thousands were killed and many more displaced during the 1992 and 1997 elections in which Kanu supporters instigated ethnic clashes in the Rift Valley in an attempt to displace, and hence disempower, communities assumed to support opposition parties.
This violence not only assisted Moi to retain power throughout the 1990s, it sowed the seeds for instability and inter-communal tensions in the 2000s.
The difference between the 2007 election and those that had gone before was not that political leaders engaged militias to act as 'protection' around election time, but that many of the groups that had supported Moi in 1992 and 1997 had broken away from the government following Kanu's defeat in 2002 and were now in opposition.
As a result, the fragile state could not cope with the forces ranged against it, resulting in a loss of life on a tragic scale. The collective loss of a sense of security and the damage done to national identity continues to haunt the country, particularly given the failure to provide justice to the victims.
But violence can unite as well as divide. Few moments of national unity have been as sincere and pronounced as the outpouring of grief that followed the terrorist attack on the US embassy on August 7, 1998 as well as other similar incidents. Although the city centre recovered quickly, the trauma of that day and the incomprehensibility of the act will never be forgotten by those there.
The attacks also had an important impact on Kenyan foreign policy: thereafter, anti-terror strategies became increasingly central to the country's engagement in the region.
Kenya's regional relations have largely been peaceful, but not always. The status of Somali citizens of Kenya has been a long-running debate that the country has yet to fully resolve.
The Shifta War began less than a fortnight after independence and although that conflict ended in 1967, successive Kenyan governments remained uncertain of their relationships with their Somali citizens and with Somalia itself.
This situation has been further complicated by Kenya's invasion of Somalia in October 2011, which was the first time that Kenyan troops have been deployed on foreign soil to attain a military objective. In years to come we may look back on this moment as a key development in Kenya's journey to becoming a more proactive regional force.
How to deal with past instances of violence remains a thorny topic, but justice is increasingly being done for those who have suffered. In July 2002, some 200 Maasai and Samburu who had been bereaved or maimed as a result of British army explosives left on their land accepted more than $7 million in compensation from Britain.
More recently, Mau Mau victims won the right to pursue their claims for compensation in relation to the mistreatment that they experienced during the insurgency. It now looks likely that the British Government will pay compensation to thousands of Kenyans, which will not only right a colonial wrong, but also set a precedent for how governments should deal with atrocities in their past.
At the time of writing, Kenyans are still trying to come to terms with crimes that may have been committed by its own government. The Truth Justice and Reconciliation Commission (TJRC) set up in the wake of the power-sharing violence has been dismissed by many as flawed process, but the publication of its report last month was nonetheless important.
The 42,000 witnesses who gave testimony give the Commission's report a weight that it would not otherwise have, and it has raised important questions about how to deal with political leaders who stand charged with a range of violations – including some that are often forgotten as a result of the overriding focus on the post-election violence of 2007.
However, in some cases Kenyans may not be able to decide how to deal with the past themselves. The ICC case against three prominent Kenyans accused of committing crimes against humanity will go ahead this year (24), despite the government's efforts to have the charges against the President and Deputy President dropped.
The outcome of the cases, and how the government responds to them, will shape Kenya's domestic and international politics for decades to come.
RESILIENCE:
Not even inflation and poor leadership dampened quest for better lives
This political and economic fragility, as well as the harsh climate in much of the country, has meant that Kenyans have had to exhibit resilience in their daily lives.
This reliance and determination has found expression in a variety of forms. One of the first was the harambee schools movement by which communities across the country through their own hard work and funds sought to give their children education with which to escape poverty.
Without such initiative, it would have been impossible to cope with demands for education created by the dramatic increase in population witnessed over the past 50 years, which has seen the number of Kenyans grow from 7 million people in 1963 to over 40 million today.
Another way of coping with that enlarged population has been for Kenyans to move away from the countryside into the towns and cities. With a population of just under 400,000 at independence, Nairobi's population reached a million just 20 years later.
That growth created obvious problems that continue to be visible on a daily basis: crowded roads, insufficient houses and poor public health. But the city has also been a place of cultural dynamism and become the heartbeat of the national and regional economy.
The effects of demographic change and the fluctuating economy have been felt in the countryside too. Channelling the spirit of harambee, self-help groups dominated by women helped provide welfare, protect access to land and, in the case of Wangari Maathai's Green Belt Movement, campaign against damage to the environment that put livelihoods in rural areas in jeopardy.
In the absence of opposition parties during the dark days of one-party rule and its aftermath, such groups increasingly became vehicles for political change. In February and March 1992, women activists joined the wives, mothers and sisters of prisoners to protest against political imprisonment at Freedom Corner. Their courage shamed the Moi government and shows that Kenyan civil society groups are far from being the puppets of foreign interests. Kenya's civil society was built on the blood and sweat of Kenyans, not the money of donors.
Other important forms of resistance had gone before. In the 1980s, the underground Mwakenya movement linked university lecturers, students, and literary figures in a widespread critique of the one-party state.
Although Mwakenya never threatened to topple the Moi regime, the Draft Minimum Programme published in September 1987 was one of the most serious attempts to discuss the state of the nation in the 1980s, and played an important role in keeping alive the idea that a more democratic future was possible.
The other great pillar of civil society has been the churches. Although a minority of the population were Christian at independence, by 1988 that figure stood at more than 80 per cent. It was not just the numbers of Christians that changed the face of Kenya, but also the engagement with politics exhibited by the clergy and congregations.
The protests by the churches against the practice of queue voting in the 1988 general election, and the willingness of some bishops to speak out in favour of reform, provided a groundswell of popular support for the pro-democracy movement and set in train the series of events that led to the abandonment of one-party rule.
Without them it seems unlikely that it would have been feasible for leading opposition figures to launch the Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (Ford), the umbrella movement that actively campaigned for multiparty politics. Although Ford later fragmented, enabling Moi to win power in the 1992 election against a divided opposition, it forced the political opening on which so much of the progress in Kenya over the last 20 years has been based.
Supporters of democracy learnt quickly that the mere fact of holding elections was not enough to guarantee a change to the way the state treated its citizens. They came to realise that major constitutional change was the only way to protect the individual and collective rights of all Kenyans.
For more than two decades, civil society activists demonstrated courage, leadership and resilience in their efforts to fundamentally change the relationship between the rulers and the ruled.
Along the way they gradually expanded the boundaries of what was possible. Despite successive aborted periods of constitutional review under Moi, they continued to push for power to be devolved from the president to the people. In 2004, their efforts crystallised into the Bomas Draft of the constitution, which proposed significant new constraints on the Executive.
However, the final draft of the constitution that went before the country in a referendum in 2005 differed in significant ways from the Bomas Draft, and so civil society groups joined the campaign of the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM), defeating the government's proposals.
The Bomas Draft was nonetheless significant, because it shaped all future constitutional debates. The 2010 Constitution can be traced back to these earlier periods of constitutional review, and the civil society and opposition groups who worked so hard to push the process forwards.
All civil society movements require a mouthpiece and the Kenyan press has often been an important source of news and information. One of the first weekly newspapers was the African Standard, which was established in 1902.
The paper was sold three years later to two British businessmen who promptly changed the name to the East African Standard, which published daily from then on.
In a separate development, the Englishman Charles Hayes started a Swahili weekly called Taifa in 1958, which became a daily newspaper, Taifa Leo, in 1960. This was a particularly significant development with respect to this article, because soon after an English language version of the paper – the Daily Nation – went into publication on October 3, 1960, and if that hadn't happened you wouldn't be reading this piece today.
More recent developments have involved the deregulation of the radio network. Because most Kenyans do not have access to television, the radio has been a critical source of information. Under the one-party state, the government's monopoly over the radio was an important source of political control.
But following the deregulation of FM radio control over information has been decentralised to hundreds – if not thousands – of new stations (35).
This has been both good and bad. Many more voices are now being heard, and Kenyans have the capacity to produce shows that are closer to the interests, and the needs, of local communities. But vernacular radio stations have also been accused of being a source of division, and in some cases incited ethnic violence around the 2007 elections.
Daniel Branch is an Associate Professor in African History at the University of Warwick and author of Kenya: Between Hope and Despair 1963-2012. Nic Cheeseman is a university lecturer in African Politics at the University of Oxford, the founder of www.democracyinafrica.org, and the Joint Editor of African Affairs. [[email protected]]
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Feds to pick up bad mortgages
Fannie, Freddie will also boost purchases
by Matt Carter |
The U.S. government is attempting to head off a collapse of the financial system by promising to provide "hundreds of billions" of support for financial markets and institutions by purchasing troubled mortgages from banks and other institutions.
Bush administration officials including Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke have briefed lawmakers on Capitol Hill on the "urgent need for Congress to pass legislation approving the federal government's purchase of illiquid assets, such as troubled mortgages …"
Bush administration officials including Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke have briefed lawmakers on Capitol Hill on the "urgent need for Congress to pass legislation approving the federal government's purchase of illiquid assets, such as troubled mortgages, from banks and other financial institutions," President Bush said today.
"This is a decisive step that will address underlying problems in our financial system," Bush said. "It will help take pressure off the balance sheets of banks and other financial institutions. It will allow them to resume lending and get our financial system moving again."
The details of the move to create an agency similar to the Resolution Trust Corp., which was created by Congress in 1989 to sell off the assets of failed thrifts, have yet to be hammered out.
Bush and Paulson said the government would also provide insurance for trillions of savings held in money market mutual funds — a critical source of capital for lenders that could disappear if investors panic and withdraw funds.
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission also issued new rules temporarily suspending the practice of short-selling the stocks of 799 publicly-traded financial institutions — a move that sent stocks soaring.
At a press conference, Paulson said that Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Treasury Department will boost purchases of mortgage-backed securities to fund new loans but that the government must also take bad loans off the books of banks and financial institutions to unfreeze credit markets.
"We have acted on a case-by-case basis in recent weeks, addressing problems at Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, working with market participants to prepare for the failure of Lehman Brothers, and lending to AIG so it can sell some of its assets in an orderly manner," Paulson said.
Despite these steps, he said, the government must take "further, decisive action to fundamentally and comprehensively address the root cause of our financial system's stresses."
Investments backed by mortgages have become difficult to trade and "are choking off the flow of credit," Paulson said. The clogging of financial markets "has the potential to have significant effects on our financial system and our economy."
Investments backed by troubled mortgage loans are "parked" on the balance sheets of banks and other financial institutions, preventing them from financing productive loans, Paulson said. "The inability to determine their worth has fostered uncertainty about mortgage assets, and even about the financial condition of the institutions that own them. The normal buying and selling of nearly all types of mortgage assets has become challenged."
The government, by taking on the assets that are weighing down financial institutions and threatening the economy, can prevent more failures of financial institutions and thaw a frozen credit market that's unable to fund economic expansion.
Paulson said Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will boost purchases of mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and the Treasury Department will also boost spending on a program in which the government buys such securities directly.
The Mortgage Bankers Association welcomed that aspect of the plan, saying it should provide support for mortgage rates.
"The fear was that the illiquidity in the financial markets we have seen this week would have reversed the recent drops in mortgage rates," said John Courson, MBA's chief operating officer.
"The broader steps outlined by Treasury are aimed at ending the further meltdown in the financial markets and are designed to minimize the resulting impact of the market turmoil on the broader economy," Courson said. "It is another step in the long-term process of restoring a balance between the supply and demand for housing in a number of markets and thus addressing the continuing problem of mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures."
Boosting purchases of mortgage-backed securities will provide some initial support of the financial system, Paulson said, but not enough. Many banks and financial institutions hold are stuck with securities that don't meet the regulatory requirements to be eligible for purchase by Fannie or Freddie, or by the Treasury program.
Congress must authorize the government to buy bad loans, Paulson said, through a "troubled asset relief program" that would likely involve an investment of "hundreds of billions" of dollars.
Bush acknowledged "a significant amount" of taxpayer dollars will be on the line, but that the plan is for the money to eventually be paid back.
"The vast majority of assets the government is planning to purchase have good value over time, because the vast majority of homeowners continue to pay their mortgages," Bush said.
The risk of not acting would be far higher, Bush said, because further stress on financial markets "would cause massive job losses, devastate retirement accounts, and further erode housing values, as well as dry up loans for new homes and cars and college tuitions. These are risks that America cannot afford to take."
Appearing on "Good Morning America," Senate Banking Committee Chairman Chris Dodd, D-Conn., said the United States was "days away from a complete meltdown" of the financial system, which Congress would work to prevent.
After meeting with Paulson and Bernanke Thursday night, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said "time is of the essence" and that she hoped Congress would move "very quickly," the Associated Press reported.
Augustine Faucher, director of macroeconomics at Moody's Economy.com, said that while it's unclear what mechanism the federal government will use to purchase debt, it's safe to assume companies unloading illiquid securities on the government would take "huge losses" on the face value of those assets. But taking those losses would allow the firms to continue providing the loans that make the global economy function.
In a column for the Dismal Scientist newsletter, Faucher said the government could dispose of the debts gradually, "without the pressure to dump it all at once and thus push down prices, exacerbating the problem."
Faucher said the reluctance of banks to lend each other money demonstrated that drastic measures were needed. The TED spread — the difference in yields between three-month Treasury bills and the three-month LIBOR banks charge each other for loans — soared above 300 basis points Wednesday, higher even than the aftermath of the stock market crash of 1987, he said.
"In normal times, no one would want the federal government buying hundreds of billions of dollars worth of financial market instruments," Faucher said. "But these are obviously not normal times."
The American Bankers Association was critical of the plan to insure money market mutual funds.
"Today's action will undermine the role of banks during this current crisis and has the potential to have an extremely negative impact in the future," ABA President and CEO Edward L. Yingling said in a letter to Paulson and Bernanke. "Simply put, the ability of banks to attract and keep deposits is being compromised in a profound fashion. Our bankers are, understandably, very upset by the action."
Faucher characterized the proposal to insure money market mutual funds and the temporary ban on short-selling financial stocks as "minor." What really matters, he said, "is that someone needed to step in and take control, and the Treasury and Federal Reserve have done so."
Writing on his blog, The Big Picture, Fusion IQ Chief Executive Officer Barry Ritholtz called the Bush administration's plan "the new New Deal," reffering to the government programs created during the Great Depression in the aftermath of the 1929 stock market crash.
"We now see that the grand experiment of deregulation has ended, and ended badly," Ritholz said. Ironically, he said, proponents of deregulation "have effectively turned the United States into a massive Socialist state, an appendage of Communist Russia, China and Venezuela."


text:
Researchers alarmed by levels of mercury and arsenic in Chinese freshwater ecosystem
A team of researchers, led by biologists at Dartmouth, has found potentially dangerous levels of mercury and arsenic in Lake Baiyangdian, the largest lake in the North China Plain and a source of both food and drinking water for the people who live around it.
The researchers studied three separate locations in Lake Baiyangdian, all at varying distances from major sources of pollution, such as coal emissions, agricultural runoff, and sewage discharge. They found concentrations of arsenic and mercury in fish were above the threshold considered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to pose a risk to humans and wildlife.
The findings were published online on Dec. 24, 2007, in the journal Water, Air, and Soil Pollution.
"It's important to study this system because it is typical of many throughout China where human activity and industrialization are having detrimental effects on the environment with major human health implications," says Celia Chen '78, a research associate professor of biological sciences. "It makes perfect sense to apply what we're learning about lakes in the U.S. to other places in the world, like China, that have a growing global impact."
Chen and her team were curious to learn how arsenic and mercury, two toxic environmental metals, moved through the food web in a freshwater ecosystem known to be polluted and contaminated. In a process called bioaccumulation, mercury and arsenic were found throughout the food web, from the water, into the algae, through the tiny algae-eating zooplankton, to the fish. As expected, the researchers found that more nutrient-rich environments supported larger algal blooms, which resulted in lower concentrations of mercury and arsenic in the water due to uptake by the algae.
In their previous work, the researchers found that when there is a lot of algae present, mercury and arsenic are biodiluted, or more dispersed, so zooplankton that eat the algae are exposed to lower levels of the metals and transfer less to fish.
"Despite this potential interaction – a decrease in bioaccumulation due to high algal biomass – the mercury and arsenic in this system are high enough to be of concern to humans and wildlife that drink the water and consume fish," says Chen. "For example, we saw arsenic levels in the water that represent more than fifty times the EPA-recommended limit for consumption of fish and shellfish."
Source: Dartmouth College
Citation: Researchers alarmed by levels of mercury and arsenic in Chinese freshwater ecosystem (2008, January 9) retrieved 2 February 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2008-01-alarmed-mercury-arsenic-chinese-freshwater.html
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The beach/messy waves look will be forever my favourite. Love trying out products which will help me achieve beachy waves. My hair are naturally wavy, but very frizzy. At first I had love and hate relationship with this products, I felt like it made my hair look really bad and sticky, so I stopped using it. Since summer I can't get enough of this product. I just love using it, when I'm to lazy to actually style my hair. Normally I would spray this on dry hair and then I would scrunch my hair. This won't leave you hair feeling sticky, but if you apply to much you will end up with sticky hair. The Sea Salt spray is also a good way to add some texture to your hair. You should also try to avoid using this near your roots, as this will irritate your scalps.
As it's sea salt spray it will make your hair a lot drier, so I wouldn't recommend to use it on daily basic. Overall I do like this products, but I find the scent slightly to sweet for my liking. I know that there are more Sea Salts sprays on the market now, so I will definitely try out different brands one. Can you recommend me any?
I love sea salt sprays for the occasional day when my hair is a bit flat and dull looking!


Australia has one of the highest reported incidences of food allergies in the world, and the numbers are growing at an alarming rate. In fact, one in 10 babies born in Australia today will develop a food allergy.
It's up to all of us to be allergy aware – to know how to minimise the risk of a reaction, to know what to do if a reaction happens, and to understand and support family, friends and colleagues living with food allergies.
More information is available on the Food Allergy Week website.


A whimsical, rhyming story follows the misadventures of Princesses Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, Snow White and Rapunzel, who become fed up with their own fairy tales and decide to switch places.
Unable to sleep because an insomniac giant who lives up on a nearby beanstalk keeps everyone awake with his restless stomping about, resourceful Princess Sophie offers a bowl of porridge and a cuddly teddy bear to the giant before soothing him to sleep with a bedtime story.
Wanting a big, strong, beautiful horse that will help her fulfill her dream of becoming a warrior, Princess Pinecone is dismayed when her birthday arrives and she does not quite get the horse she envisioned.
Very Little Cinderella is adorably recast as a very little precocious toddler in this modern, sweet retelling of the classic tale.
Despite being a frog, His Highness the Prince is also extremely picky and so when the eve of the big ball finally arrives and all the princesses in the area show up, the prince begins his very particular search to find just the right one to whom he will bestow his royal kiss.
When a lonely dragon follows a trail of princess tears, a beautiful friendship is born as the two march and sing, roar and whisper, hide and seek, then settle into snug companionship at bedtime.
Shouting loudly throughout the nights when she cannot sleep, an ever-wakeful little princess is offered numerous remedies by exhausted citizens, from lullabies and warm milk to counting sheep and spinning wheels.
When a mix-up at the royal nursery causes Priscilla the princess to switch places with a piglet, a good and bad witch are credited with the ensuing chaos that involves Priscilla spending her youth happily on a humble farm and Pigmella struggling with her royal duties.
When Olivia and Princess Stephanie realize they look like one another, they decide to switch places for a day.
Whether she is having muffins with the queen in a gown decorated in sequins or taking her ballet lessons in the prettiest shade of pink, Princess Bess knows the perfect outfit to wear to any regal event she attends!
Twelve little girls imagine themselves as princesses in respective royal outfits from tutus and butterfly wings to cowboy boots and soccer jerseys before meeting in the park for a Princess Palooza, where they share an imaginative journey together.
Olivia is having an identity crisis--there are too many ruffly, sparkly princesses around these days stealing her spotlight, so our porcine heroine embarks on a hilarious quest for individuality, to stand out and feel special!
An award-winning singer/actress of stage and film and her daughter team up again to present the story of fairy princess Geraldine, who reveals the hard, unglamorous work associated with an endless practice of dressing in royal attire, flying around and solving other people's problems.
In a rhyming tale that celebrates inventive fun and feeling special, little princesses have fun all day as they put on tiaras and cowboy boots, dance together at the ball, defend the backyard castle, and plan a magnificent tea party.
Pretending she is a princess while getting ready for bed, a little girl transforms her routine by imagining such luxuries as chocolate éclairs, glass slippers and a magnificent bubble bath with a separate towel for each of her toes.
The little princess is determined to go on a camp-out without anyone's help.
A modern retelling of the classic fairy tale follows the adventures of nature-loving Prince Henrik, who tests a sequence of complaining princess candidates by hiding packets of frozen peas beneath flimsy camping mattresses until his long-time friend, Pippa, suggests a better use for his frozen peas.
Enjoying their respective talents in baking, gardening and building in the workshop, three princesses decide to expand their horizons by switching places during the preparations for the kingdom's famous Summer Party, a decision that has unexpected consequences.
Princess Stringbean, with her tousled hair and long, lanky limbs, isn't the typical petite and refined princess, which shows when she attends a school to become a perfect princess, but she still can't be beat in a foot race.
When Princess Peepers loses her glasses, she mistakes a dragon for a unicorn and enters it in the pet show at the Royal Academy for Perfect Princesses.


Australians are familiar with the famous Peroni Nastro Azzuro white label, but the biggest selling beer in Italy is Peroni Red Label. Peroni Red Label has a slightly richer colour with an added focus on hop and malt flavours, has a great bitter finish and is our biggest selling imported beer too!
I got introduced to Red Peronis' when I went to Italy last year.
They are very refreshing and have a nice distinct taste. Being only 330ml means that the size is just right as a pre- dinner drink before you have a red or white wine with your main course.
You can continue to have another with the main course as they are just the right size.
I will continue ordering them from 'Ourcellars' as the service to the door is excellent.
The Our Cellar Team always respond promptly and organise our orders easily.


Working with Tom Tykwer was nice experience, hi is realy cinema thinking man. And we have lot work in project in compositing department. the Frog shot was most difficult, one month compositing and supervising work.


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Forza Motorsport 4 releases November Speed Pack DLC
Zach Bowman
Nov 6th 2011 at 6:02PM
Heads up, Forza fans; Turn 10 has just released the next downloadable content package for Forza 4. The November Speed Pack oozes lustworthy digital metal, including the 2012 Dodge Viper SRT8 and the Lamborghini Aventador. But the 10 new models aren't all supercars. We're particularly happy to see that the 2013 Ford Focus ST is part of the group and that players will finally get a chance to drive the 1992 GMC Typhoon as well. You can head over to the Forza Motorsport website for a full list of the vehicles in the DLC pack.
In addition to the new vehicles, the November Speed Pack also includes a Rivals mode that features the Aventador in a hot-lap battle. Turn 10 says that it will be awarding special unicorn cars to 100 random players every week. That all sounds good to us, especially considering that the pack is a mere $7. Hit the jump to check out a teaser trailer of the pack.
News Source: Forza Motorsport
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