text:
\section{Introduction}

It has been well established that at a certain high temperature and large baryon density the hadronic matter will
undergo a phase transition~\cite{KarschLecture02, reviews}. The nature of the phase transition depends on the quark
mass and its number of flavors.
As shown in the left plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:sketch} at vanishing baryon density, in upper right corner, i.e. pure
gauge case with infinitely heavy quark mass, there exits a first order phase transition, where the Polyakov loop
may server as an order parameter. With decreasing
quark mass, the first order transition will be weakened and is separated from the cross over region by
a second order phase transition line. In the chiral limit, i.e. in the lower
 left corner of the left plot in Fig.~\ref{fig:sketch}, for 3 flavors, there exists a first order phase
transition, whose order parameter is the chiral condensate. This first order chiral phase transition extends
to a certain region with finite quark mass and ends at a second order phase transition line, which separates
the cross over region from the first order phase transition region. The universal properties of the this line of the second transition are expected to be
controlled by a global $Z(2)$ symmetry, which however is not an obvious global symmetry of the QCD Lagrangian.
It is obvious that neither the chiral
 condensate or the Polyakov loop is an adequate order parameter for the spontaneous $Z(2)$ symmetry breaking,
and instead the true order parameter is obtained by mixing the chiral condensate with the energy
density~\cite{Karsch01}. When the chemical potential is turned on, the second order boundary lines turn into surfaces, as shown in the right plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:sketch}. The qualitative features of the $(T-\mu)$ phase diagram depends
on the curvature of the surface at $\mu=0$. The common expectation is that this curvature is positive and
there exists a chiral critical point at $\mu_c$. This expectation seems to be confirmed by lattice simulation using improved p4 action~\cite{Karsch04}. Calculations using standard staggered action on $N_{\tau}=4$ lattices on the other hard indicate a negative curvature~\cite{deForcrand:2007rq}. Thus this issue needs to be resolved in the future.

\begin{figure}[htp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{columbia_plot.eps}~~~
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=0.32\textwidth]{surbw.eps}~
\end{center}
\caption{Left: schematic QCD phase transition behavior for different choices of quark
masses ($m_{u,d}$, $m_{s}$) at zero chemical potential. Right: The critical
surface swept by the chiral critical line at finite chemical potential. A QCD chiral critical point may exist if the surface bends towards to the physical point. The right
plot is taken from Ref.~\cite{Karsch04}.}
\label{fig:sketch}
\end{figure}

To what extent the first order phase transition holds at $\mu=0$ is of our current
primary interests. Previous estimations using linear sigma model gives the pion mass at the critical point to be around 50 MeV ~\cite{Karsch04,Herpay:2005yr} and most recent calculations with complete one-loop parametrization of the linear sigma model predict critical pion mass to be around 110 MeV~\cite{Herpay:2006vc}. Here through lattice QCD simulations  we focus on the case with three degenerate quark masses, which corresponds to
the dotted diagonal line shown in the left plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:sketch}, i.e. to determine the chiral
critical point in the 3-flavor QCD. The boundary of the chiral first order phase transition in the 3-flavor
QCD has been investigated using standard staggered actions~\cite{Christ03, deForcrand04,deForcrand:2007rq,Smith:2011pm} as well as improved staggered actions (p4, asqtad and stout)~\cite{Karsch01,Schmidt03,Karsch04, MILC05,Cheng07,Endrodi:2007gc}. There is a significant discrepancy
of the quark masses, or the equivalently the pion masses at the chiral critical point from the above studies. Using the standard staggered action it was found that the pion mass at the critical point is about 300 MeV\cite{Christ03, deForcrand04}, while
using improved p4 action the critical pion mass is about 70 MeV~\cite{Karsch04}. The above results are obtained on the lattices with the temporal extent $N_{\tau}=4$. Other calculations using p4 and asqtad actions on finer lattices disfavor critical pion mass of 300 MeV~\cite{Cheng07,MILC05}.
With large $N_\tau$, i.e. $N_{\tau}=6$, it has been shown that the pion mass on the critical lines becomes smaller compared
with the one with $N_{\tau}=4$ using standard staggered fermions~\cite{deForcrand:2007rq}.  Investigations on $N_{\tau}=6$ lattices have also been performed using improved (stout) action, in which three quark flavors are not degenerate and the ratio of light to strange quark is fixed to be about 1/27 when approaching the massless limit~\cite{Endrodi:2007gc}. The analysis in Ref.~\cite{Endrodi:2007gc} suggests that the critical pion mass is about 50 MeV. Thus the first order phase transition becomes weaker when approaching the continuum limit~\footnote{ The first order phase transition also becomes weaker in the continuum limit from the study of 4-flavor QCD using HYP action~\cite{Hasenfratz:2001ef}.}.

\section{Lattice parameters}

As mentioned before,  the first order phase transition region from lattice QCD simulations shrinks with reduced cut-off
effects. The Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) action, which is developed by the HPQCD/UKQCD collaboration~\cite{HISQ},
achieves better taste symmetry than the
asqtad and p4 actions at a given lattice spacing. The improvements in HISQ action designed to
reduce taste symmetry violations can translate into smaller lattice spacing dependences in other
quantities and it has been found that the net results from HISQ simulations at lattice spacing $a$
appear to have similar lattice artifacts as that from asqtad simulations at lattice spacing
$\frac{2}{3}a$~\cite{MILC10}. Thus the HISQ simulations, which will be used in our simulations, can save substantial computing costs and can
be essentially useful to get better understanding of the chiral first order phase transition region. Simulations have been carried out with 3 degenerate quark flavors. The quark masses vary from 0.0075 to 0.0009375 corresponding to pion masses in the region of $80 \lesssim m_{\pi} \lesssim 230~$MeV. The parameters of our simulations are given in Table~\ref{tab:parameter}.

\begin{table}[t]
\begin{center}
\vspace{0.3cm}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
lattice dim. &   $am_q$     & $m_{\pi}$ [MeV]     &\# $\beta$ values & max. no. of traj. \\
\hline
$16^3\times$ 6           & 0.0075          & 230                       &  17                    & 6000             \\
$24^3\times$ 6          & 0.00375        & 160                    &  12                    & 7900             \\
$24^3\times$ 6           & 0.001875      & 110                      &  7                    & 8800           \\
$24^3\times$ 6          & 0.00125        &  90                       &   7                     & 5100           \\
$24^3\times$ 6           & 0.0009375    & 80                       &   8                     & 6300           \\
$16^3\times$ 6        & 0.0009375    &  80                   &   6                    & 7100          \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{
Parameters of the numerical simulations.
}
\label{tab:parameter}
\end{table}

\section{Universality class near critical lines}

In the vicinity of the critical lines, the free energy may be expressed as a sum of a regular and and a singular part,

\begin{equation}
f = \frac{-T}{V}\ln Z \equiv f_{\rm sing}(t,h) + f_{\rm reg}(T,m).
\end{equation}
The singular part of the free energy $f_{\rm sing}(t,h)$ is most relevant to the QCD phase transitions and dominates when system is close to the critical lines.
The order parameter M of the transition is controlled by a scaling function that arises from the singular part of the free energy~\cite{Ejiri:2009ac,Karsch:2010ya}
\begin{equation}
M(t,h)=-\partial f_{\rm sing}(t,h)/\partial h = f_{G}(z),
\end{equation}
where $f_G(z)$ is the universal scaling function and $z=t/h^{1/\beta\delta}$. $\beta$ and $\delta$ are universal critical exponents. Here scaling variables $t$ and $h$ measure how far the system is away from the criticality. They are related to the temperature $T$ and the symmetry breaking (magnetic) field $H$,
\begin{equation}
t=\frac{1}{t_0}\frac{T-T_c}{T_c},~~~h=\frac{H}{h_0}=\frac{1}{h_0}\frac{m-m_c}{m_c},
\label{scaling_var}
\end{equation}
where $T_c$ is the transition temperature when external field $H$ vanishes, i.e. $m=m_c$. $m_c$ is the critical quark mass where transition occurs.
$t_0$ and $h_0$ are normalization factors.

In the two flavor QCD, the order parameter $M$ for the chiral transition is the chiral condensate and the critical mass
$m_c$ is zero, thus the chiral condensate and chiral susceptibility have the following relations
\begin{equation}
M= \langle\bar{\psi} \psi \rangle /T^3 \Big{|}_{\rm fixed~z}   \propto  m^{1/\delta},~~~ \chi_{q}/T^2 \Big{|}_{\rm fixed~z} \propto m^{1/\delta-1}.
\end{equation}

In the three flavor QCD, as mentioned before, there is a first order phase transition in the chiral limit, which extends to a critical quark mass $m_c$ and ends
at a second order phase transition line. It is expected that the universal properties of this critical point are controlled by a global $Z(2)$ symmetry.
The proper order parameter should be a mixing of two transition relevant quantities, e.g. a combination of the chiral condensate with the pure gauge action $S_G$~\cite{Karsch01}
\begin{equation}
M= ( \langle\bar{\psi} \psi \rangle + r S_G) \Big{|}_{\rm T=T_c,~m_c}   \propto  (m-m_c)^{1/\delta}
\end{equation}
and the susceptibility of the order parameter M
\begin{equation}
\chi_{M}/T^2  \Big{|}_{\rm T=T_c,~m_c}  \propto  (m-m_c)^{1/\delta-1}.
\label{eq:chi_scaling}
\end{equation}
Here $1/\delta-1$ for $Z(2)$ universal class is -0.785. With standard staggered action, it is important to construct the correct order parameter since
$\langle\bar{\psi} \psi \rangle$ is large~\cite{Smith:2011pm}. With improved fermion action, e.g. HISQ, one may consider the effect from the mixing of the energy field is small since $\langle\bar{\psi} \psi \rangle$ is closer to zero. To make estimates on the value of $m_c$, we will use the quark chiral condensate as an approximate order parameter for the second order phase transition at the critical point.

\section{Results}
\begin{figure}[htp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{pbp_m0009375_V_dep.eps}~~~\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{chi_q_m0009375_V_dep.eps}
\end{center}
\caption{Volume dependences of the chiral condensate (left) and the chiral susceptibility (right) with quark mass $am=0.0009375$.}
\label{fig:volume_dep}
\end{figure}

We first look at the volume dependence of quark chiral condensate at $am=0.0009375$ ($m_{\pi}\approx 80 $ MeV) shown in the left plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:volume_dep}.
The volume dependence at high temperature is small while at low temperature is relatively large. This is obvious since
at high temperature the scale of the system is controlled by the temperature $T$ while at low temperature the scales are the hadron masses.
In the right plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:volume_dep} we show the volume dependences of the chiral susceptibility. If the system with quark mass $am=0.0009375$
is in the first order phase transition region, the chiral susceptibility should scale with the volume. However, such volume scaling behavior is not observed with pion mass $m_{\pi}\approx80$ MeV.

In the left plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:signal}, we show the time history of quark chiral condensate near pseudo critical beta value with our lowest quark mass on $24^3\times6$ lattices. There is no evidence for the coexistence of two phases.  We then investigate the temperature dependence of the chiral condensate at different quark masses shown in the right plot Fig.~\ref{fig:signal}. No evidence of the discontinuity of $\langle \bar{\psi}\psi\rangle$ in $\beta$ at all quark masses is found. Together with the evidence from Fig.~\ref{fig:volume_dep} we conclude that there is no first order phase transition even with quark mass down to 0.0009375 ($m_{\pi}\approx$ 80 MeV).

\begin{figure}[htp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{pbp_time_history_m0009375-2.eps}~~~\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{pbp_Mass.eps
\end{center}
\caption{Left: time history of the quark chiral condensate near $\beta_c$ with $am=0.0009375$ on $24^3\times6$ lattices. Chiral condensates as a function of $\beta$.}
\label{fig:signal}
\end{figure}

In the left plot of Fig.~\ref{fig:chi_s} we show the disconnected part of the chiral susceptibility as a function of quark mass. The pseudo critical temperature becomes smaller with smaller quark mass. This can be explained as that the hadronic degrees of freedom in the system become lighter and thus they become more easily excited in the thermal heat bath.  They then can contribute to the energy density of the system and thus trigger the onset of a phase transition already at a lower temperature. The peak height of chiral susceptibility grows with decreasing quark mass as the system is approaching the first order phase transition region. We then performed a scaling fit according to Eq.~(\ref{eq:chi_scaling}) to the chiral susceptibility peaks. The results are shown in the right plot of  Fig.~\ref{fig:chi_s}. As the finite volume effects would bring the peak height of chiral susceptibility up, we can get a upper bound for this analysis, which gives the pion mass at the critical point $m_\pi^{c} \lesssim 45$ MeV.

\begin{figure}[htp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{chi_q_dis_beta.eps}~~~~\includegraphics[width=.45\textwidth]{chi_q_fitting-height.eps}
\end{center}
\caption{Left: the disconnected part of the chiral susceptibility as a function of $\beta$. Right: the scaling fit to the height of chiral susceptibility peaks.}
\label{fig:chi_s}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[htp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{phase_diagram.eps}
\end{center}
\caption{QCD phase diagram at vanishing baryon density in the quark mass plane.}
\label{fig:nature}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion}

We have performed 3-flavor QCD simulations using HISQ/tree action on $N_{\tau}=6$ lattices with five pion masses in the region of $80\lesssim  m_\pi \lesssim~$230 MeV.
Through the study of quark chiral condensates and chiral susceptibilities, we found no evidence of the first order chiral phase transition in this pion mass region.
The upper bound of the pion mass at the critical point is estimated to be around $45$ MeV.
It means that in the quark mass plane, the coordinate of the furthest critical point from the origin in the 3-flavor QCD is at about ($m_{\rm phy}^{s}/270,m_{\rm phy}^{s}/270$), which is very far away from the physical point at ($m^{s}_{\rm phy}/27,m^{s}_{\rm phy}$), as sketched in Fig.~\ref{fig:nature}. Together with the results from Ref.~\cite{Endrodi:2007gc}, our results suggest that the first order phase transition region is very small and thus the critical surface swept by the chiral critical line at finite chemical potential has to be bent towards to the physical point with a very large curvature to affect the nature of the real world at a small chemical potential.

\section{Acknowledgements}

The numerical simulations were carried out on clusters of
the USQCD Collaboration in Jefferson Lab and Fermilab, and on BlueGene/L computers at the New York Center for Computational Sciences (NYCCS)
at Brookhaven National Lab. This manuscript has been authored under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with
the U.S. Department of Energy.


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text:
Robson, Xiong, Yoo, and Chess' Greatest Puzzle Solvers BATTLE For Title of Puzzle World Champion!
The 2023 Puzzles World Championship is a competition for the best chess puzzle experts in the world. The event is part of the 2023 Puzzle Week celebration with the top players battling for their share of the $25,000 prize fund and the title of fastest puzzle-solver in the world.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
require 'nokogiri'

module ActiveMerchant #:nodoc:
  module Billing #:nodoc:
    class WorldpayUsGateway < Gateway
      class_attribute :backup_url

      self.display_name = 'Worldpay US'
      self.homepage_url = 'http://www.worldpay.com/us'

      # No sandbox, just use test cards.
      self.live_url   = 'https://trans.worldpay.us/cgi-bin/process.cgi'
      self.backup_url = 'https://trans.gwtx01.com/cgi-bin/process.cgi'

      self.supported_countries = ['US']
      self.default_currency = 'USD'
      self.money_format = :dollars
      self.supported_cardtypes = %i[visa master american_express discover jcb]

      def initialize(options = {})
        requires!(options, :acctid, :subid, :merchantpin)
        super
      end

      def purchase(money, payment_method, options = {})
        post = {}
        add_invoice(post, money, options)
        add_payment_method(post, payment_method)
        add_customer_data(post, options)

        commit('purchase', options, post)
      end

      def authorize(money, payment, options = {})
        post = {}
        add_invoice(post, money, options)
        add_credit_card(post, payment)
        add_customer_data(post, options)

        commit('authorize', options, post)
      end

      def capture(amount, authorization, options = {})
        post = {}
        add_invoice(post, amount, options)
        add_reference(post, authorization)
        add_customer_data(post, options)

        commit('capture', options, post)
      end

      def refund(amount, authorization, options = {})
        post = {}
        add_invoice(post, amount, options)
        add_reference(post, authorization)
        add_customer_data(post, options)

        commit('refund', options, post)
      end

      def void(authorization, options = {})
        post = {}
        add_reference(post, authorization)

        commit('void', options, post)
      end

      def verify(credit_card, options = {})
        MultiResponse.run(:use_first_response) do |r|
          r.process { authorize(100, credit_card, options) }
          r.process(:ignore_result) { void(r.authorization, options) }
        end
      end

      def supports_scrubbing?
        true
      end

      def scrub(transcript)
        transcript.
          gsub(%r((&?merchantpin=)[^&]*)i, '\1[FILTERED]').
          gsub(%r((&?ccnum=)[^&]*)i, '\1[FILTERED]').
          gsub(%r((&?ckacct=)[^&]*)i, '\1[FILTERED]').
          gsub(%r((&?cvv2=)[^&]*)i, '\1[FILTERED]')
      end

      private

      def url(options)
        options[:use_backup_url].to_s == 'true' ? self.backup_url : self.live_url
      end

      def add_customer_data(post, options)
        if (billing_address = (options[:billing_address] || options[:address]))
          post[:ci_companyname] = billing_address[:company]
          post[:ci_billaddr1]   = billing_address[:address1]
          post[:ci_billaddr2]   = billing_address[:address2]
          post[:ci_billcity]    = billing_address[:city]
          post[:ci_billstate]   = billing_address[:state]
          post[:ci_billzip]     = billing_address[:zip]
          post[:ci_billcountry] = billing_address[:country]

          post[:ci_phone]       = billing_address[:phone]
          post[:ci_email]       = billing_address[:email]
          post[:ci_ipaddress]   = billing_address[:ip]
        end

        if (shipping_address = options[:shipping_address])
          post[:ci_shipaddr1] = shipping_address[:address1]
          post[:ci_shipaddr2] = shipping_address[:address2]
          post[:ci_shipcity] = shipping_address[:city]
          post[:ci_shipstate] = shipping_address[:state]
          post[:ci_shipzip] = shipping_address[:zip]
          post[:ci_shipcountry] = shipping_address[:country]
        end
      end

      def add_invoice(post, money, options)
        post[:amount] = amount(money)
        post[:currencycode] = (options[:currency] || currency(money))
        post[:merchantordernumber] = options[:order_id] if options[:order_id]
      end

      def add_payment_method(post, payment_method)
        if card_brand(payment_method) == 'check'
          add_check(post, payment_method)
        else
          add_credit_card(post, payment_method)
        end
      end

      def add_credit_card(post, payment_method)
        post[:ccname] = payment_method.name
        post[:ccnum] = payment_method.number
        post[:cvv2] = payment_method.verification_value
        post[:expyear] = format(payment_method.year, :four_digits)
        post[:expmon] = format(payment_method.month, :two_digits)
      end

      ACCOUNT_TYPES = {
        'checking' => '1',
        'savings' => '2'
      }

      def add_check(post, payment_method)
        post[:action] = 'ns_quicksale_check'
        post[:ckacct] = payment_method.account_number
        post[:ckaba] = payment_method.routing_number
        post[:ckno] = payment_method.number
        post[:ckaccttype] = ACCOUNT_TYPES[payment_method.account_type] if ACCOUNT_TYPES[payment_method.account_type]
      end

      def split_authorization(authorization)
        historyid, orderid = authorization.split('|')
        [historyid, orderid]
      end

      def add_reference(post, authorization)
        historyid, orderid = split_authorization(authorization)
        post[:postonly] = historyid
        post[:historykeyid] = historyid
        post[:orderkeyid] = orderid
      end

      def parse(xml)
        response = {}
        doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
        message = doc.xpath('//plaintext')
        message.text.split(/\r?\n/).each do |line|
          key, value = line.split(%r{=})
          response[key] = value if key
        end
        response
      end

      ACTIONS = {
        'purchase' => 'ns_quicksale_cc',
        'refund' => 'ns_credit',
        'authorize' => 'ns_quicksale_cc',
        'capture' => 'ns_quicksale_cc',
        'void' => 'ns_void'
      }

      def commit(action, options, post)
        post[:action] = ACTIONS[action] unless post[:action]
        post[:acctid] = @options[:acctid]
        post[:subid] = @options[:subid]
        post[:merchantpin] = @options[:merchantpin]

        post[:authonly] = '1' if action == 'authorize'

        raw = parse(ssl_post(url(options), post.to_query))

        succeeded = success_from(raw['result'])
        Response.new(
          succeeded,
          message_from(succeeded, raw),
          raw,
          authorization: authorization_from(raw),
          test: test?
        )
      end

      def success_from(result)
        result == '1'
      end

      def message_from(succeeded, response)
        if succeeded
          'Succeeded'
        else
          (response['transresult'] || response['Reason'] || 'Unable to read error message')
        end
      end

      def authorization_from(response)
        [response['historyid'], response['orderid']].join('|')
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Rights & JusticeSurveillance & Privacy
Graphic: The Terror of No Gun Control
Commentary Surveillance & Privacy
The thriving metropolis of Boston was turned into a ghost town on an otherwise lovely Friday afternoon. Nearly a million Bostonians were asked to stay in their homes—and willingly complied. Schools were closed; business shuttered; trains, subways and roads were empty; usually busy streets eerily resembled a post-apocalyptic movie set; even baseball games and cultural events were canceled—all in response to a 19-year-old fugitive, who was on foot and clearly identified by the news media. While Boston officials appeared to be acting out of an abundance of caution—and it's appropriate for residents to be asked to take precautions or keep their eyes open—by letting one fugitive terrorist shut down a major American city, Boston not only bowed to outsize and irrational fears, but sent a dangerous message to every would-be terrorist. If you want to wreak havoc in the United States, intimidate its population and disrupt public order, here's your instruction booklet.
In April, I wrote a piece for the Guardian arguing that the reaction to the marathon bombing was dramatically at odds with American inertia over arms control. The infographic below illustrates some of my main points. (Click the image to see the full-sized version.)
If only Americans reacted the same way to the actual threats that exist in their country. Last year, 17 Americans died in terrorist attacks; more than 30,000 died by the hands of guns. In fact, the same day of the marathon bombing in Boston, 11 Americans were murdered by guns—a small portion of the more than 3,500 Americans who have died in gun violence since the Newtown massacre. Yet, the same week as the Boston manhunt, the Senate blocked consideration of a gun control bill that would have strengthened background checks for potential buyers. Even though this reform is supported by more than 90 percent of Americans, and even though 56 out of 100 senators voted in favor of it, the Republican minority prevented even a vote from being held on the bill because it would have allegedly violated the second amendment rights of "law-abiding Americans."
So for those of you keeping score at home—locking down an American city: a proper reaction to the threat from one terrorist. A background check to prevent criminals or those with mental illness from purchasing guns: a dastardly attack on civil liberties.
Tags: cohen, boston marathon, gun control, terrorism
TCF World Podcast: A New Progressive International?
January 29, 2019 By Thanassis Cambanis and Sam Adler-Bell
Michael Cohen, Contributor
Michael Cohen a former fellow at The Century Foundation. He is regular writer and commentator on American politics and U.S. foreign policy.


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OH, YOU AGAIN
George Papadopoulos Walks Free After Spending 12 Days in Prison
Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP/Getty
Former Trump campaign adviser George Papadopoulos left federal prison Friday after he was sentenced to only 12 days for lying to federal investigators about his conversations with Russia-linked individuals during the 2016 presidential campaign. CNN reports that Papadopoulos left a federal prison in Wisconsin at about 10 a.m. ET. He will now be supervised for 12 months, and must serve 200 hours of community service and pay $9,500. In the August 17 sentencing memo, Mueller wrote that Papadopoulos "knew the questions he was asked by the FBI were important, and he knew his answers were false at the time he gave them. His lies negatively affected the FBI's Russia investigation, and prevented the FBI from effectively identifying and confronting witnesses in a timely fashion."
Read it at CNN


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PCPlayStation 3Xbox 360
All About Dungeon Siege III From Obsidian Entertainment CEO Feargus Urquhart
By Siliconera Staff March 1, 2011
Square Enix now owns the rights to the Dungeon Siege series and hired Obsidian Entertainment to develop a third game in the series. For the first time, Dungeon Siege will be a multiplatform title available for consoles and PCs at launch. Feargus Urquhart, CEO of Obsidian Entertainment, is leading Dungeon Siege III's development and we sat down with him for a long chat equipped with your questions.
Can you tell us how Dungeon Siege III and the 10th Legion in this game connects with past titles in the series?
Feargus Urquhart, CEO: In general how it works is the Legion is there, the Legion is what helps found Ehb. The 10th Legion then got themselves involved in sort of the politics of Ehb and were very involved with all of that. They go so involved that they basically did something to what they thought would help Ehb, but in doing so they caused something radically bad to happen. Because of that, the populous and everybody turned on them and that's how almost all of the Legion were killed.
The way we've always looked at it, the Legion is so important to Ehb. It's like like the connective tissue, they're what keeps Ehb alive and together. Now they were destroyed, Ehb is almost like falling apart. That's why its so important that in the game you are bringing back the Legion.
I remember you said before there were nods to past Dungeon Siege games. Maybe you can share one of those with us?
If you look at the original Dungeon Siege maps, most of the areas you go to are in that. For instance, Stonebridge is an example. Stonebridge is on the original map and you get to go there. Another would be one of the dungeons you go through, there is a big statue of the farmer, one of the characters from the original Dungeon Siege. She was on the cover of the original Dungeon Siege and we have a statue of her in one of the dungeons.
One of Obsidian Entertainment's strengths is developing RPG stories. Dungeon Siege III also happens to be a multiplayer game, did this affect planning of the game's plot?
In the end, no. Because it ended up being our approach to the story. In essence, all of the people you can play in the game are part of the story. When people jump into the game they're jumping into the story. We really wanted to model multiplayer off of, even though a lot of us are old now we play a lot of the Lego games, and the Lego games allow you to jump in and jump out. We thought that would be an awesome way to do multiplayer for Dungeon Siege. So, if you do multiplayer in that fashion you can still have a very story centric game.
A reader asked what is the killing to talking ratio. Since Obsidian's roots are in story, but Dungeon Siege is hack-n-slashy how do the two elements mix?
What I can say there is we were very careful about how much dialogue is in the game. We wanted great dialogue, but we did not want people to feel like they had to constantly go through dialogue or things like that. In Dungeon Siege III we VOed [voiceovered] everything, around 12,000 lines of dialogue, but a good number of those were repeats for each of the classes because they have to say a certain number of the same things. There is probably a tenth, fifteen percent of the dialogue [in Fallout: New Vegas] it's somewhere in that neighborhood. So, when it comes to the killing to talking ratio we were really careful about knowing this game is about hacking and slashing. While we want to tell a story, we don't want it to be a constant barrage.
Some players may want to create their own characters, but we know now Dungeon Siege III there is no character creation. What would you say to the group who wants to develop their own hero?
Instead of looking at it as not getting to create my character at all, look at it more as I get to start with a general idea of a character. In essence, like a melee character or a ranged character or sort of different kind of protoclasses. That's probably a strange way to say it.
As you play the game and you level up, you have a good number of choices every time you level up to put points into different things. It helps you move that class in the direction you want to go. It's not just the melee character has to get better with his sword and shield. There are a lot of other options. And options like if you go this way you can't go that way as much. Really, as you progress you are like creating your character class as you are going through the game. On top of that, items have a big effect on your stats, abilities, and things like that. The items you choose to equip or not equip further pushes your class in one direction or another.
If points are so important, perhaps, the lifeblood of the characters why did you not include a respec option?
I think respec is an idea… you know that's a hard question. If we were making a MMO like Warcraft and I've put a billion hours into this character and I kind of want to do something different with this character. Instead of doing PvE stuff, I now want to do PvP stuff I absolutely have to respec it do that. In other words, it's not like the player becomes less successful with their character because of the game or because now they can play the game in a totally different way.
In a lot of ways, it is not as necessary, but it was a hard decision to whether to provide that or not. A lot of it came down to it's not like you're making a decision like I played 75% of the game PvE and now I want to play PvP and now I have to respec or I'm not going to be as good as players at the same level.
I understand what you mean by the time investment, but take Anjali for example. She can be a swift warrior and I could invest everything in her kicks. But, she can also be an effective fire-based character. Let's say I start with fire…
And you want to change her. It's a good question. One of the things we're doing right now is we're doing a lot of focus testing on the game. Kind of seeing what people feel they want to see or not want to see. I think, I don't know, the respecing we prioritized less because what I was saying. You can be successful at the game without respecing where like in WOW [World of Warcraft] you will not be as successful at PvP if you do not respec. I think that was sort of our decision making process.
Since were talking about classes can you talk about how you balanced them and while these are "protoclasses" there are only four of them.
We wanted to make it easy when a player started. If you have seven classes laid out in front of someone, there aren't really seven core classes in a role playing game. You have a melee character, you have a range character, you have a damage character, and a healer. I guess damage and range are similar. Once you start adding more classes what you are really adding a lot of the time is basically multi-classes. So, you're adding classes that are half of this or a third of this and two-thirds of that. We didn't want to complicate that for people. That's why we started with what I said, these protoclasses that you can change as you go.
That's kind of how we came up with the four. On top of that with the whole male/female thing, because Anjali can be more melee versus sort of spell-y, if you want. If someone wants to play a more melee female character than she can play that role. We tried to think about it that way – what are the kind of roles people want to play? What are the sexes people want to play? Ultimately, we wanted to also make sure each of the classes felt unique from the standpoint of animations, items, abilities, and all kind of that stuff.
Speaking of female characters and since you develop so many RPGs, why do is the bikini of protection +50 so common in medieval fantasy games?
Anjali doesn't she's covered up [makes gesture to his neck] from there to all the way down.
Another character we can't name, but we did run into…
I wish I had a good comment about society as a whole, but there are people who want to play as sexy female characters. So where is the line between sexy and tawdry and things like that. We include that character because people want to play them, you know? But, with Anjali while she is not unattractive she is clothed head to foot.
Fair enough. I was surprised there was no morality system. At E3 the build we saw had that "dialogue tree" (that build actually a tree icon during dialogue choices) and I joked before with you about that.
While there is not a sort of I have seventeen points of good or things like that, there are choices within the game that affect how later things in the game play out. The morality system is more choice based. If I choose to do X or Y the game is affected by that.
How much is the game affected? Is there a point where a choice you make can collapse a kingdom or something of that magnitude?
You can make some pretty big decisions. About life and death and how groups can be affected. They all play out and you get something or lose something due to it. Both, it's not like if I chose this I get something and I choose this I lose something. There is an effect either way I choose.
For multiplayer, since the single player story is online, in the event you play with more than one person how can you make these decision as a group. Maybe you and I want to save someone, but other players want to do something else.
What you bring up is an example of roleplaying with a group. When I used to roleplay with my friends, you know, pen and paper, not everybody agreed with everything. Part of it was convincing each other, lets do that or no let's do that. When the party decided to go in a direction that I didn't like, I could be pissed off about it and I could continue to be kind of a bastard about that. That's the aspect of playing with your friends. We're not forcing everybody to agree to every single thing. I think that's part of the fun of it.
For the host player, will he or she have the final decision or will there be a system where you can out vote the host?
There is a system in there. There is not an out voting system, though, but there is a system in there that allows players to let each other know what they are thinking without voice chat.
Obsidian has worked with a number of different publishers including Bethesda, Sega, and now Square Enix. What has working with Square Enix been like compared to the other companies?
Well, Square has been great to work with. I think they have a real respect for developers and they have been really supportive when it comes to making Dungeon Siege III. You know, I've always been really impressed by Wada-san who runs the Japanese side of things. He's one of the CEOs of a game publisher that I've gotten to meet a number of times and he's absolutely a guy who knows how to make games. He has stories about making games and stories about working with developers. That's one of the great things about working with a publisher that has game development at their core. I think that is what made the relationship go as well as it has.
Dungeon Siege III


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Das Eggenburgium (auch Eggenburg-Stufe, Eggenburgien) ist eine regionale chronostratigraphische Stufe des Miozäns (Neogen) im zentralen Paratethys-Bereich. Sie wird etwa mit dem unteren Teil der internationalen chronostratigraphischen Stufe des Burdigaliums korreliert. Das Eggenburgium ist in absoluten Zahlen etwa in den Zeitraum von 20,8 bis 18,3 Millionen Jahren zu stellen. In der zentralen Paratethys folgt auf die regionale Stufe des Eggenburgium die regionale Stufe des Ottnangium; darunter lagert die regionale Stufe des Egerium.

Namengebung und Stratotyp

Die Stufe ist nach der Stadt Eggenburg in Österreich benannt. In deren Nähe liegt auch das Typprofil (Stratotyp): Loibersdorf (Gemeinde Gars am Kamp). Der Name und die Stufe wurde 1968 vom österreichischen Geologen und Paläontologen Fritz F. Steininger und dem tschechischen Geologen Ján Seneš 1968 vorgeschlagen.

Definition
Die untere Grenze des Eggenburgium ist im Paratethys-Bereich mit dem Einsetzen einer typischen Kammmuschel-Fauna definiert: Pecten beudanti, Pecten pseudobeudanti, Pecten hornensis, Chlamys holgeri, Chlamys imcomparabilis und Chlamys palmata. Die Obergrenze (und zugleich die Untergrenze des Ottnangium) ist durch das Erscheinen der Kammmuschel Flabellipecten hermannensis, Chlamys submalvinae, Chlamys pavonacea, Chlamys albina und Pecten fotensis definiert. Die Stufe entspricht somit dem unteren Teil der internationalen Burdigalium-Stufe.

Literatur
 Fritz Steininger und Ján Senes (Hrsg.): Chronostratigraphie und Neostratotypen Miozän der zentralen Paratethys. Band II M1 Eggenburgien Die Eggenburger Schichtengruppe und ihr Stratotypus. 827 S., Slowakische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Bratislava 1971.

Weblinks
 Kommission für die paläontologische und stratigraphische Erforschung Österreichs der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.): Die Stratigraphische Tabelle von Österreich (sedimentäre Schichtfolgen). Wien 2004 (PDF; 376 kB)

Zeitalter des Neogen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This week, as we have before in this blog, we are posting a set of links to pages on other web sites that discuss a subject covered in The Brain from Top to Bottom, along with brief descriptions of the content of those pages.
The subject this week is the sub-topic "Our Evolutionary Inheritance", under the topic "Evolution and the Brain"—an important topic indeed, for as the geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975) wrote, "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." And when it comes to neurobiology, that assertion is especially apt.
A presentation on exobiology, the science that looks for life on other planets that are the same size as Earth and that may have conditions suitable for life to emerge.
In this experimental video that condenses 4.6 billion years of the history of the universe into a single minute, vertebrates make their appearance only in the last few seconds, and human beings in a brief flash at the very end.
The average number of "Friends" that people have on Facebook is about 120. This figure is roughly consistent with Dunbar's number: the maximum number of people with whom any one person can maintain meaningful social relationships, according to British evolutionary anthropologist Robin Dunbar. But even on social media, we really exchange information with only about 10 to 25 other people.
Dunbar calculated his number on the basis of human brain size and behaviour patterns in groups of non-human primates. According to Dunbar, most people's conversations are devoted to gossip about each other and about third parties, which serves the same function as mutual grooming does in other primates.
Examples of articles critiquing evolutionary psychology, and in particular the "strong" version proposing that selective pressures have caused humans to evolve specific "mental modules" to solve specific problems that were the most important for the survival of our hunter-gatherer ancestors.
The fascinating story of the famous illustration "The March of Progress", depicting human evolution as a succession of hominid figures marching in single file, and the many parodies that have been made of it.
More critiques of the popular version of evolutionary psychology —in this case, of four of its basic premises.
The human brain did not evolve in the overpopulated urban environments in which most people now live, and as a result, the stresses of urban living impair some of our most basic cognitive processes.
To get a better understanding of the points on which they disagree, evolutionary biologists and other scientists must sometimes return to more general considerations about science, evolution, and current human affairs.
This article sounds a warning about a view of human nature called creationism, which is based on faith but tries to pass itself off as a scientific theory.


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Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker
Mutsumi Hosako, Taika Muto, Yukiko Nakamura, Koji Tsuta, Naobumi Tochigi, Hitoshi Tsuda, Hisao Asamura, Takeshi Tomonaga, Akira Kawai, Tadashi Kondo
To investigate the proteomic background of malignancies of the pleura, we examined and compared the proteomic profile of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)(10 cases), lung adenocarcinoma (11 cases), squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (13 cases), pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung (3 cases) and synovial sarcoma (6 cases). Cellular proteins were extracted from specific populations of tumor cells recovered by laser microdissection. The extracted proteins were labeled with CyDye DIGE Fluor saturation dyes and subjected to two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) using a large format electrophoresis device. Among 3875 protein spots observed, the intensity of 332 was significantly different (Wilcoxon p value less than 0.05) and with more than two-fold inter-sample-group average difference between the different histology groups. Among these 332, 282 were annotated by LC-MS/MS and included known biomarker proteins for MPM, such as calretinin, as well as proteins previously uncharacterized in MPM. Tissue microarray immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of cathepsin D was lower in MPM than in lung adenocarcinoma (15% vs. 44% of cases respectively in immunohistochemistry). In conclusion, we examined the protein expression profile of MPM and other lung malignancies, and identified cathepsin D to distinguish MPM from most popular lung cancer such as lung adenocarcinoma.
Journal of Proteomics
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.09.026
Microdissection
Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis
Cathepsin D
Calbindin 2
Synovial Sarcoma
Laser microdissection
Malignant pleural mesothelioma
Hosako, M., Muto, T., Nakamura, Y., Tsuta, K., Tochigi, N., Tsuda, H., ... Kondo, T. (2012). Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker. Journal of Proteomics, 75(3), 833-844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.09.026
Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker. / Hosako, Mutsumi; Muto, Taika; Nakamura, Yukiko; Tsuta, Koji; Tochigi, Naobumi; Tsuda, Hitoshi; Asamura, Hisao; Tomonaga, Takeshi; Kawai, Akira; Kondo, Tadashi.
In: Journal of Proteomics, Vol. 75, No. 3, 04.01.2012, p. 833-844.
Hosako, M, Muto, T, Nakamura, Y, Tsuta, K, Tochigi, N, Tsuda, H, Asamura, H, Tomonaga, T, Kawai, A & Kondo, T 2012, 'Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker', Journal of Proteomics, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 833-844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.09.026
Hosako M, Muto T, Nakamura Y, Tsuta K, Tochigi N, Tsuda H et al. Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker. Journal of Proteomics. 2012 Jan 4;75(3):833-844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.09.026
Hosako, Mutsumi ; Muto, Taika ; Nakamura, Yukiko ; Tsuta, Koji ; Tochigi, Naobumi ; Tsuda, Hitoshi ; Asamura, Hisao ; Tomonaga, Takeshi ; Kawai, Akira ; Kondo, Tadashi. / Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker. In: Journal of Proteomics. 2012 ; Vol. 75, No. 3. pp. 833-844.
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AU - Hosako, Mutsumi
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AU - Tsuta, Koji
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N2 - To investigate the proteomic background of malignancies of the pleura, we examined and compared the proteomic profile of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)(10 cases), lung adenocarcinoma (11 cases), squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (13 cases), pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung (3 cases) and synovial sarcoma (6 cases). Cellular proteins were extracted from specific populations of tumor cells recovered by laser microdissection. The extracted proteins were labeled with CyDye DIGE Fluor saturation dyes and subjected to two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) using a large format electrophoresis device. Among 3875 protein spots observed, the intensity of 332 was significantly different (Wilcoxon p value less than 0.05) and with more than two-fold inter-sample-group average difference between the different histology groups. Among these 332, 282 were annotated by LC-MS/MS and included known biomarker proteins for MPM, such as calretinin, as well as proteins previously uncharacterized in MPM. Tissue microarray immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of cathepsin D was lower in MPM than in lung adenocarcinoma (15% vs. 44% of cases respectively in immunohistochemistry). In conclusion, we examined the protein expression profile of MPM and other lung malignancies, and identified cathepsin D to distinguish MPM from most popular lung cancer such as lung adenocarcinoma.
AB - To investigate the proteomic background of malignancies of the pleura, we examined and compared the proteomic profile of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)(10 cases), lung adenocarcinoma (11 cases), squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (13 cases), pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung (3 cases) and synovial sarcoma (6 cases). Cellular proteins were extracted from specific populations of tumor cells recovered by laser microdissection. The extracted proteins were labeled with CyDye DIGE Fluor saturation dyes and subjected to two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) using a large format electrophoresis device. Among 3875 protein spots observed, the intensity of 332 was significantly different (Wilcoxon p value less than 0.05) and with more than two-fold inter-sample-group average difference between the different histology groups. Among these 332, 282 were annotated by LC-MS/MS and included known biomarker proteins for MPM, such as calretinin, as well as proteins previously uncharacterized in MPM. Tissue microarray immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of cathepsin D was lower in MPM than in lung adenocarcinoma (15% vs. 44% of cases respectively in immunohistochemistry). In conclusion, we examined the protein expression profile of MPM and other lung malignancies, and identified cathepsin D to distinguish MPM from most popular lung cancer such as lung adenocarcinoma.
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Hola Darla: guess what day it is!
Exactly two years ago, I created my very first post. I started this blog to fulfill the requirement in Bahasa Indonesia class so at first I wrote it in Bahasa. I abandoned it as soon as I got my A on the subject (circa January 2010). But, I resurrected it from its death in September 2010, so the hiatus was approximately eight months. Its name has changed from "Putdar di Sini" to "Sincerely, Putdar." and finally to "The Nerdy Elephant".


Youtuber Learn Chinese With Emma teaches you how to sing the Christmas classic for your Chinese friends!
As Christmas isn't commonly celebrated in China, why not share the festive spirit with your Chinese friends by serenading them with this Xmas classic?
Watch as Emma takes you step by step in learning 'We Wish You A Merry Christmas'.
Next ArticleMERRY CHRISTMAS FROM RESONATE!


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Subject: Best Stocks to Buy Now: A Big Growth Case for Small Banks
URL: http://mney.co/1GFmpcm
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Best Stocks to Buy Now: A Big Growth Case for Small Banks
By Tim Melvin, Special Situation Strategist, Money Morning • August 9, 2013
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While the big banks may have the attention of the Street right now, it's the smaller regional and community banks that are among the best stocks to buy now.
These small bank growth stocks are starting to show dazzling growth as their balance sheets improve dramatically. And they are still very early in the recovery cycle, so there is still plenty of time for individual investors to catch this train…
You see, these small banks are seeing rapid increases in bottom-line profits. The recent back-up in longer-term interest rates should help these banks continue to improve profits and it will allow their net interest margins to increase.
Earnings are being driven by credit improvements right now, but as the economy improves these banks will see stronger loan demand and higher interest margins to drive sustained profit growth.
Best of all, we have not even begun to see improved demand or loans from business or individuals, so there is ample room for growth there. Demand is expected to pick up in 2014.
To stay ahead of Wall Street, we've found two of these smaller banks that rank among the best stocks to buy now…
Bank Mutual: Among the Best Stocks to Buy for Ample Upside
Bank Mutual (Nasdaq: BKMU) is not going to be confused with one of the big-money-center banks anytime soon.
The Wisconsin-based bank has 75 branches and about $2.4 billion in total assets. In the most recent quarter, earnings improved by 99% over the year-ago period and for the first six months of the year they are up 114%.
Bank Mutual has seen its problem assets decline steadily and problem assets are now just 1.54% of total assets, down from almost 6% just two years ago. Management has also worked hard to change its funding mix and is one of the few banks to see its net interest margin rise for the previous four quarters in a row.
Institutions own less than 50% of the outstanding shares of the bank. And here's a sign that Wall Street does not seem tuned into the company's outstanding performance:
Browse Tim's articles | View Tim's research services
Tim Melvin is an unlikely investment expert by any measure. Raised in the "projects" of Baltimore by a single mother, he never attended college and started out as a door-to-door vacuum salesman. But he knew the real money was in the stock market, so he set sights on investing - and by sheer force of determination, he eventually became a financial advisor to millionaires. Today, after 30 years of managing money for some of the wealthiest people in the world, he draws on his experience to help investors find "unreasonably good" bargain stocks, multiply profits, and build their nest eggs. Tim tirelessly works to find overlooked "hidden gems" in the stock market, drawing on the research of legendary investors like Benjamin Graham, Walter Schloss, and Marty Whitman. He has written and lectured extensively on the markets, with work appearing on Benzinga, Real Money, Daily Speculations, and more. He has published several books in the "Little Book of" Investment Series and a "Junior Chamber Course" geared towards young adults that teaches Graham's principles and techniques to a new generation of investors. Today, he serves as the Special Situations Strategist at Money Morning and the editor of "Max Wealth" and Heatseekers.
… Read full bio
Tags: Bank Stocks, bank stocks to buy, Banking, Banking Stocks, Banks, best bank stocks, best stocks to buy, best stocks to buy now, Big Bank Stocks, big banking stocks, big banks, Stocks to Buy, Stocks to Buy Now
Jim Fox | August 12, 2013
You mis-stated BKMU's total assets.
2.5 BILLION, not 2.5 million.
This is understandable —
BKMU's annual report omitted the usual note "Dollars in thousands".
But BKMU's most recent 8-K filing has the note.
Jim Fox
David Zeiler | August 12, 2013
Thanks, Jim. We've corrected the error in the story.


Recently methyl an Add-On 70 Fighter (https://www.gta5-mods.com/vehicles/70-fighter-and-sports-planes-add-on), and XB70 had no afterburners.
Obviously I downloaded the script by GTAV_SERG (https://www.gta5-mods.com/scripts/xb-70-afterburners-wings-bombing-script) to fix, but it did not work.
As it appeared that the GTAV_SERG would not adapt the script for the add-on so early, so I've been researching and studying, and then to understand the reason for which the script did not work with the add-on, I proceeded to a small change in script to make it work.
And really works! It also works the wings and the bomber.
PS .: I'm sorry for my bad English.
Extract the file "GTAV_XB70Helper.dll" and put in "GTA V Main Folder/scripts"
I've made skyline's F14 and F22 as addons and I'm stuck on getting the dll files to compatible with the models as I don't know how to edit the source file to change the hash codes.Model name would be F22 and F14.or you can make it compatible with the models in kizacudo's plane pack :D?
All I did was open the "GTAV_XB70Helper.dll" by GTAV_SERG with .NET Reflector (with Reflexil plugin) and edited the plane hash code to match the "su24m" Add-On, that's all.
I did not use any open source. But extracting from "GTAV_XB70Helper.dll" using the .NET Reflector (with FileGenerator plugin) for the open source code that I leave here. But notice that you have to correct some errors that will appear when building the project.
1º - I'm new at this.
2º - I do not understand well how to run these planes you say and some others (I also have the the "70 fighter planes and sports add-on pack 1.0" by kizacudo). I will TRY make to work, but when I has time for that. If I can make to work, I will share.
3º - The mod "Universal Afterburners for Add-On Planes" (https://www.gta5-mods.com/scripts/afterburners-for-add-on-planes) allows you to have afterburners almost all aircraft need in " 70 fighter planes and sports add-on pack 1.0 "by kizacudo.
- For XB-70 Valkyrie Bomber by SkylineGTRFreak (XB70), use my script.
PS.: Sorry for my bad english.
@Marco 94 Thanks <3 !!!
Out of curiosity, to which plane you want to create the script?
Hey man, glad to see someone updating this for various custom vehicles but I would appreciate some proper attribution since the script itself was made by me.
I apologize for not including you in the credits.
@Marco 94 Awesome, I appreciate that. Also, I realize your english isn't so good, but "her" is a feminine adjective meaning "girl", "woman" etc. That could get you some unwanted trouble if you refer to the wrong person that way. lol. Unless that was not a mistake, in which case I can assure you, I am not a girl.
@Marco 94 Which mod use for have a minimap so big on singleplayer?
Script works fine for other add-ons.
@bringa Want to send the file over? I can take a look.
hey dude what ENB mod are you using? game looks amazing.


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Andrew Marvell's to His Coy Mistress: Light-Hearted Attitude Towards Life and Love
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Strong Lines in Poetry by the Metaphysical Poets
This essay focusses on two Renaissance poems: 'The Flea' by John Donne and 'To His Coy Mistress' by Andrew Marvell. These two poems are quite similar as they both are written from the point of view of a speaker, and are conversations with a mistress who is reluctant to lose her virginity. Both poems are in three clear stages, however 'To His Coy Mistress' is a syllogism whilst 'The Flea' is not.
A witty argument runs through 'The Flea'. In the first stage of this poem, the speaker is telling his mistress to notice the flea, which has sucked the blood of them both. He uses a cunning argument, saying that although their blood is mixed together inside the flea "this is more than we would do". In other words, he is stating that despite the fact they are physically bonded inside the flea, she will not allow them to make love, another physical bond. The tone of this stanza is jealous, as he wants what the flea has – a bond with her. With phrases such as "yet this enjoys before it woo" and "this, alas, is more than we would do", he is effectively telling her that she can have no justification for having "pamper'd" the flea but not him.
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During the second stanza of the poem, the speaker's lover offers to kill the insect. He prevents her from doing so, claiming that because of the fact that their blood is mingled inside the flea, they "more than married are", and the flea "their marriage bed and marriage temple is". He explains to her that destroying the flea would be three sins – sacrilege, destroying their marriage temple (the flea), suicide, killing part of herself as the flea contained her blood, and murder, killing part of the speaker as it also contained his blood. This bold argument shows the wit of the speaker.
The last stage of 'The Flea' is the speaker's reaction after his mistress has killed the flea. She "triumphs", thinking that she has won the argument; however the speaker changes his argument and now presents the case that in the way his fears about killing the flea were proved to be "false fears" or ungrounded, so will her fears about losing her virginity. He tells her that "Just so much honour…will wast, as this flea's death took life from thee" if she sleeps with him. He has skilfully turned her argument to his advantage. His tone at the start of this last section is critical of her actions, calling her "cruel and sodaine" and asking why she "purpled [her] nail, in blood of innocence".
This poem is ingenious in its lines of persuasion. The cunning and dynamic personality of the speaker is displayed in its seemingly spontaneous change of argument. The change has, of course, been carefully planned by Donne, who would have spent a lot of time composing this poem and so cannot be called truly spontaneous. The images of this poem are unconventional and so it is all the more impressive that the poet has produced such a work.
Unlike 'The Flea', 'To His Coy Mistress' has the form of a syllogism – a three part logical argument. The overall theme of the poem can be summed up in the Latin phrase "carpe diem", which means seize the day.
The first section of this poem makes a premise, explaining that if they had all the time in the world, the speaker would love his mistress "ten years before the Flood" (of Noah's Ark) until "the conversion of the Jews" (which will be at Judgement Day, the end of the world). He imagines a world without the constraint of time, when he could adore her for over thirty thousand years. In a world such as this, he would be willing to wait for as long as necessary and so the fact that she feels she is not ready to sleep with him would be "no crime". The speaker also praises his mistress in this section whilst mocking himself, comparing her to the exotic Ganges which contrasts with the muddy Humber he likens himself to. These praises certainly help the speaker in his argument for love.
The second section of 'To His Coy Mistress' is also a premise, telling her that time does exist and they are getting older all the time. This makes the tone of the poem more urgent, with phrases such as "deserts of vast eternity" to describe death and "thy beauty shall no more be found" being employed by the speaker to try and shock her. He conjures up horrific images such as that of worms trying "that long preserved virginity" and echoes of her funeral service with the words "dust" and "ashes". In addition, another shocking tactic he uses is the witty epigram:
"The grave's a fine and private place,
But none, I think, do there embrace. "
The final section presents the speaker's proposal based on the two premises mentioned and uses many persuasive devices. The proposition of the speaker is essentially the "carpe diem" idea – that they use the time that they have to make love "like amorous birds of prey". He uses sentences beginning with "now" three times to reinforce the idea that time is of the essence. Striking verbs such as "sport", "devour", "roll" and "tear" add to the feeling of urgency.
'To His Coy Mistress' seems to argue much more logically than 'The Flea', and it certainly contains a strong line of argument as is often suggested about the Metaphysical poets.
In conclusion, both poems use a number of persuasive devices to try and convince the mistresses to love and because of this I feel that both poems are 'strong' in their arguments. 'To His Coy Mistress' seems to have the stronger argument of the two because its argument is more logical, although 'The Flea' is impressive because of its unconventional and original images.
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