Bruce Wayne is forced to retire from being Batman when a heart attack strikes him in the middle of a hostage rescue. Twenty years later, his company has been taken over by Derek Powers, and Bruce lives alone in his mansion. When high school student Terry McGinnis stumbles onto Bruce's secret, he and Bruce come to form a partnership with Bruce Wayne as the mentor and Terry as the new protector of Gotham City.
Used as the primary mode of transportation (besides the Batsuit itself) for the future Batman, this Batmobile typically hovers a few feet above the street. If needed, however, the Batmobile can fly several hundred feet in the air at speeds up to Mach 3, and comes equipped with grappling hooks, on-board weapons (both defensive and offensive), and remote flying system. The interior is large enough for Batman and one passenger (though there is only one seat), and features a sophisticated communications array and voice-activated computer that is also linked to the main Bat Computer.


text:
Q: Does it make sense to do "try-finally" without "catch"? I saw some code like this:
    try
    {
        db.store(mydata);
    }
    finally
    {
        db.cleanup();
    }

I thought try is supposed to have a catch?
Why does this code do it this way?

A: It's there because the programmer wanted to make sure that db.cleanup() is called even if the code inside the try block throws an exception. Any exceptions will not be handled by that block, but they'll only be propagated upwards after the finally block is executed. The finally block will also be executed if there was no exception.

A: The finally block ensures that even when a RuntimeException is thrown (maybe due to some bug in the called code), the db.cleanup() call will be made.
This is also often used to prevent too much nesting:
try
{
    if (foo) return false;
    //bla ...
    return true;
}
finally
{
    //clean up
}

Especially when there are many points at which the method returns, this improves readability as anyone can see the clean up code is called in every case.

A: This is useful if you want the currently executing method to still throw the exception while allowing resources to be cleaned up appropriately. Below is a concrete example of handling the exception from a calling method.
public void yourOtherMethod() {
    try {
        yourMethod();
    } catch (YourException ex) {
        // handle exception
    }
}

public void yourMethod() throws YourException {
    try {
        db.store(mydata);
    } finally {
        db.cleanup();
    }
}

A:
Why does this code do it this way?

Because apparently the code doesn't know how to handle exceptions at this level. That's fine – as long as one of the callers does, i.e. as long as the exception gets ultimately handled somewhere.
Often, low-level code cannot react appropriately to exceptions because the user needs to be notified, or the exception must be logged, or another strategy has to be tried. Low-level code performs one function only and doesn't know about higher-level decision making.
But the code still needs to clean up its resources (because if it doesn't, they would leak), so it does just that in the finally clause, making sure that it always happens, whether an exception was thrown or not.

A: The code is doing it to ensure that the database is closed.
Usually, the way you would do it is to put all your database accessing code in the try block, and then put a call to close the database in the finally block.
The way try...finally works, means that the code in the try block is run, and the code in the finally block is run when that finishes...no matter what.
Short of the computer being yanked from the wall, the finally will execute.
This means that even if an exception is called, and the method takes three years to execute, it will still go in the finally block and the database will be closed.

A: If any of the code in the try block can throw a checked exception, it has to appear in the throws clause of the method signature. If an unchecked exception is thrown, it's bubbled out of the method.
The finally block is always executed, whether an exception is thrown or not.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
One Household One Hectare; Recapitalization & Development; Land Development Support & Landcare programmes: Department briefing
Chairperson: Mr Z Nkosi Mandela (ANC)
The Committee was briefed by the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development on the One Household One Hectare Programme; The Land Development Support Programme (LDS) & LandCare programmes. The Recapitalisation and Development Programme (RECAP) was introduced in order to address the challenges by targeting properties acquired since 1994 through Restitution and Redistribution programmes. The LDS programme, its objectives, challenges and proposed solutions were outline. The successes and challenges of the LandCare programme were also explained to the Committee.
The Committee requested that the LandCare information be broken down according to provinces, with specific information on districts and areas where LandCare has been implemented, the beneficiaries in those communities, the skills imparted, the total hectares where relevant and the approved budget and expenditure. The Committee said that the Junior Care project was all very impressive but asked the Department what it had done in these projects and to provide a list of the Junior Care schools per province. Members said that the presentation does not help nor show an understanding of the Department's work. Members asked if any money has been paid over to the commodity organisations; What was the money spent on if farmers that are part of this programme have not seen any action yet R55 million has been spent; and what is the challenge faced by the Department that caused it not to be able to redistribute land in subsequent years as it did in 2011. The Committee enquired about the court judgement in the case brought by David Rakase where he challenged a lease he has held for 17 years. The Committee was concerned about whether the Department was going to be abiding by the judgement or appealing it, and what impact would that have on current and future leases. A further concern was whether that judgement might lead to leases being reviewed.
Members asked why the Limpopo Province was the only province that was supported in the One Household One Hectare Programme and what had happened to other provinces; they asked for clear criteria for the selection of beneficiaries; how was the Department addressing the challenge of the lack of access to the market for the farmers. Members complained that no training was taking place both for farmers and beneficiaries in KZN and mentors were disappearing after getting paid. The Committee said that the oversight visit to KZN was an eye opener as most of the projects spoken about by the Department did not exist. The Committee needed information on the households impacted by the One Household One Hectare programme so that they could be visited. The Committee asked if in their support for rural farm dwellers, were the cooperatives supported too; how many were supported and what skills were transferred; and if indeed skills were transferred, was a quality management system provided so that they could enter the global market.
Members questioned the role and effectiveness of the Valuer General in the Department and asked how his resignation would have an impact on the further purchase of farms by the Department. The Committee asked what were the reasons for the poor infrastructure; what were the challenges in the Blended Finance Model; what will the difference be between LDS and the now abandoned RECAP, or is LDS an improved version of RECAP; does LDS have its own budget or was it operating under similar provisions; does the Department have a policy that guides the implementation of LDS; and with regard to the pilot involving 262 farmers, was this a roll-out or a pilot. The Committee was concerned that mentors were being paid R15 000 per month yet during the oversight tour none of them were seen and farmers only see them three times a year. It was of worrying for Members that there was no set criterion is for beneficiaries other than the business plans they submitted. Members felt that there needed to business plans that showed how one farmer was farmer chosen over another. They asked: Are we assisting our sugar cane farmers to make them competitive again?
The Committee asked what was the Department doing to ensure that there was no 'double dipping' and that smooth and seamless support was offered to the farmers; on the RECAP programme what then was the position of the Department with regard to the Blended Finance Model; how were farmers' concerns going to be addressed because they were asking Parliament questions about the Blended Finance Model pronounced by the President; and if the Committee could get a copy of the MOU with the commodity group; what the policy outcomes were of the One Household One Hectare Programme; was tenure security per household and access to land for agricultural production realised; and in what way has the policy contributed to improving the tenure security and access to agricultural land and the landless in SA.
The Committee asked for a full account of what the money was spent on with farmers, and in which district and local municipality they belonged. Members stated that to ensure thorough oversight and to hold the Department accountable, it required the information in terms of provinces, districts, project sights and the number of households in terms of youth, women and people with disabilities; what performance and target reports were achieved; the budget and expenditure as well as challenges and mitigation strategies.
The Chairperson welcomed all present, thanked the Department for their presence and stated that because of time constraints and the enormity of the presentation to be dealt with the Department should start with the presentations.
Farmer Support / Post Settlement Programmes
Ms Redani Sadiki, Acting Director-General (DG) in the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform; in giving the background of the Farmer Support / Settlement Programmes said that during 2009, the Department undertook an evaluation study of the implementation of the Land Reform Programs since their inception. It identified that many land reform projects (numerous properties acquired through various sub-programs) were:
-not successful and thus in distress or lying fallow;
-lacking adequacy and appropriate post-settlement support; and
-were on the verge of being auctioned or had been sold due to the collapse of the project, resulting in a reversal of the original objectives of land reform;
The Recapitalisation and Development Programme (RECAP) was therefore introduced in order to address these challenges by targeting properties acquired since 1994 through Restitution and Redistribution programmes including privately owned land; and aims to contribute to the transformation of the rural economy through establishment of enterprise and industrial development in the various agricultural value chains to ensure national and household food security to promote job creation. In the absence of the budget for this programme, 25% of Land Acquisition allocation was made available for the implementation of this programme. A new programme named 1hh1ha was introduced in 2016 and the objective of the programme was to provide the much needed production support to subsistence farmers at household level targeting farm dwellers, state land residents, restitution claimants and residents in communal areas with the main objective of the programme being to contribute to the transformation of the rural economy, poverty alleviation and rural livelihoods.
The LDS Programme
The Recapitalisation and development programme has since been suspended in 2017/18; the intention was to develop an integrated farmer development support programme to address the recommendations made by the DPME Evaluation Report on CASP, Recapitalisation and Development and other farmer support programmes. The Department conducted a detailed farm assessment on all Land Redistribution farms acquired through the Proactive Land Acquisition strategy (PLAS) in partnership with ARC/Entsika consortium. Through this process a total of 262 farms were identified as a pilot for the provision of support to make these farms productive. The Department prioritized these farms to contribute to the stimulus package announced by the Honourable President in his State of The Nation Address. In 2018/19 the Department then introduced the Land Development Support Policy/ Programme (LDS), which is aimed at providing comprehensive farm development support to Land reform farms and addressing the gaps identified during the farm assessment process. Furthermore, the LDS programme was introduced after the planned partnership with the Land Bank in terms of the Blended Financing Model had challenges in supporting these farms as part of the 262 stimulus package. The programme provides a full grant support to farmers and it is implemented in partnership with the commodity organisations to realize the objectives of the Black Producer Commercialization Programme, however, the task has already commenced with the development of the Blended/ Integrated Producer Support model by the New department with an endeavour to integrate all farmer/producer support programmes or initiatives.
Objectives of the LDS programme
Assist/ support black farmers (technical & financially) to be sustainable, reach full production capacity and develop their agricultural enterprises to be commercially viable;
Contribute towards improving productivity of land acquired and/or supported farms, with the ultimate result of: Increase in employment or retention of existing jobs; Food security from the household to country level; Improved rural livelihoods and participation;
Assist black farmers to build their financial profile to improve their access to finance, especially in the private sector, and ultimately eliminate dependency on grant funding; Improve coordination and alignment of producer support initiatives and minimize and/or eradicate duplications and wastages; Improved control measures on the utilization of grant funding by the farmer.
-Government SCM processes are not flexible enough to mitigate / be responsive to some of challenges faced by the industry.
-Poor state of some of the properties requiring huge capital investment to get them back into production
-Climate change, frequent drought or extreme weather and disasters
-High and inflated prices when government procures goods and services on behalf of farmers
-Financial exclusion of black farmers by financial institutions due to poor credit records, thus creating a burden for government
Proposed Solutions
Department is continuously engaging the National Treasury to reconsider the condition and allow for exceptional cases;
The work concluded by the Department's Programme Management Unit has indeed contributed in lessoning the extent of the investment required, by clearly identifying the areas that require intervention;
For the first time the Department has compelled farmers to include a provision for insurance in the business plans at least during the period of its investment. However, farmers will be encouraged to do so even beyond the intervention period using their own funds;
One of the reasons for the partnership with commodity organisations is to exploit the rapport that exists between them and suppliers to buy in bulk and enjoy the discounts for this benefit by both the farmer and government; and
The current partnership between the Department and commodity organisations is aimed at providing a comprehensive support so that by the time the support is withdrawn, farmers are able to run sustainable enterprises and have built the required credit profile to enable them to access loans in future.
The Animal and Veld Management Programme (AVMP) and the River Valley Catalytic Programme (RVCP)
Mr Nasele Mehlomakulu, Acting Deputy Director at the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development; in his presentation stated that the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme's (CRDP's) vision and strategy is affirmed by the National Development Plan (NDP), which emphasizes that, "South Africa's rural communities should have greater opportunities to participate fully in the economic, social and political life of the country." This is to be achieved through a differentiated strategy that focuses on:
-Agricultural development, based on successful land reform, employment creation and strong environmental safeguards.
-Quality basic services, particularly education, health care and public transport. Well-functioning and supported communities enable people to seek economic opportunities.
-In areas with greater economic potential, industries such as agro-processing, tourism, fisheries (in coastal areas) and small enterprise development should be developed with market support.
Both programmes provide infrastructural support to commonages, communal areas, traditional areas and to farmers occupying state owned facilities (where requested by Land Reform), the differences, although slight, being the following:
The AVMP, focuses on bringing arable and grazing land into production by providing the entire required infrastructure like fencing, boreholes, irrigation systems, cattle handling and dipping facilities, dams etcetera. In addition the AVMP supported re-greening and soil rehabilitation;
The RVCP focuses on the catalytic utilisation of river systems to bring land into production and would typically develop irrigation schemes with all associated infrastructure; and
From 2009 to 2019, government has spent over R983 million for both programmes and the Department has delivered 1 131 projects.
-The DRDLR has the ability to procure and deliver services much faster than Agriculture as it doesn't have concurrent functions. Department of Agriculture National makes allocations through DORA and has very little control on how and where the Provincial Departments of Agriculture utilise the funding.
-The DRDLR has provided 263 stock water infrastructure facilities.
-The DRDLR has provided 137 boreholes
-The DRDLR has been able to fence 340 projects.
-The DRDLR has been able to provide 47 animal handling facilities
-The DRDLR has supported 20 irrigation schemes
-Estimated number of over 2000Ha fenced
-27 150 jobs have been created through construction
-21 904 Households have benefited through rural development projects
-21 904 Farmers supported with Infrastructure
-Skills Developed: 11 430
Farmer needs in communal, commonage and traditional areas far exceed the available allocations in government and
Agriculture has from time to time indicated that the level of service provided by DRDLR sometimes exceeded the level that Agriculture could provide
Overlaps between Landcare programme and the AVMP & RVCP
Both Agriculture and DRDLR programmes work with farmers but the biggest difference is how the spatial targeting and intervention programmes are packaged.
The LandCare programme
Mr Ramakgale Mampholo, Chief Director at Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development; in his presentation said that the mandate of the LandCare programme is to provide for the maintenance of the production potential of land and control over the utilisation of natural resources of the Republic of South Africa in order to promote the conservation of soil, water sources and vegetation and for the combating of weeds and invader plants and for matters connected therewith. LandCare is a community based initiative underpinned by the goal of optimising productivity and sustainable use of natural resources. The purpose of the programme is to enhance a sustainable conservation of natural resources through a community based participatory approach, to create job opportunities through the Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) model, to improve food security and well being of society as guided by six indivisible principles. LandCare focus areas are SoilCare, WaterCare, VeldCare, Conservation agriculture and JuniorCare.
The business plan processes within LandCare uses a bottom up approach where land users play a critical role in grafting the business plan. Communities will have needs and Government officials then assist. Business plans will be presented in Provincial Assessment Panels and recommended to the National Assessment Panel for approval and funding.
During the 2018/2019 financial year, a total of 65 LandCare committees were established.
During the MTSF (2014-2019), a total of 14 063 work opportunities were created by the LandCare Programme.
The Programme managed to implement 640 projects which was comprised of Conservation Agriculture, VeldCare, SoilCare, WaterCare and JuniorCare
The LandCare programme facilitates community livelihoods while ensuring the government's intention to manage natural agricultural resources.
The programme is advancing Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 on sustainable food production and 15 on Land Degradation Neutrality and related National Development Plans to move away from destructive industrial agriculture through Climate Smart Conservation Agriculture.
The Chairperson thanked the DG and the Officials for the presentation and said that before Members will engage in the documents presented, he would want to refer to the presentation on LandCare about which a letter was sent to the Department. The Committee requested that the LandCare information be broken down according to provinces, with specific information on districts and areas where LandCare has been implemented, the beneficiaries in those communities, the skills imparted, the total hectares where relevant and the approved budget and expenditure. He said he never takes it for granted where he is from which is a tiny village Mveso in the Mthatha district in the Eastern Cape, and he never wanted to escape the reality of his place of birth. When the Department says it spent R82billion for instance, the money needs to be followed as to what it was spent for and the resultant impact created. The pictures put in the presentation of soil care, water care, Junior Care etcetera are all very impressive but what have you done in these projects? Junior Care has to be in schools but where are these schools? We want a list of the Junior Care schools per province. The presentation does not help nor show the understanding of the Department's work. A letter was sent on the 27 August to the Department listing all information the Committee is looking for and till now no reply was received and the presentations does not address what the Committee needed.
Mr Mike Mlengana, Director-General (DG): Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), replied that the information being asked for up to the village and individual level with contact numbers of those people is available. That exact review was carried out by himself on Friday however, if just the village information is provided, the volume of information cannot fit into the presentation just given. But if the Committee requires this information now, it is available and the Department will send it to the Committee. What the Department is doing now is to re-align with the Department of Rural Development so as to maximise the available resources. The Department is also being monitored at the SDG level; it hosts LandCare conferences and receives visits from the United Nations (UN). They, the UN, defined LandCare as the bedrock of livelihood in agriculture. That information is available but due to its bulkiness, they do not know how to present it to the Committee.
The Chairperson told the DG to not be shy of burdening the Committee with information. He reminded the DG what he told the Committee at the beginning of the 6th parliament, that he hoped the Honourable Members have read all the information sent to them, so no matter how thick the information pile, it should still be sent. In the case of Junior Care, at least three of the schools that benefited from the programme should be listed so that they could be visited during oversight tours. This will enable the Members to gain an insight into what was happening on the ground. Tracking the money, though necessary, is not important at all. The Committee would rather have the knowledge and capacity bestowed on our people being of primary importance. He said that questions of clarity starting from the first presentation can be asked by Members.
Mr M Montwedi (EFF) said that in the presentation, it was stated that the Department had entered into a ten year agreement with commodity organisations. In March this year the Department approved some of the projects for implementation with some commodity organisations. In the North West Province the farmers engaged with are still frustrated because nothing has happened thus far yet the Department is saying that commodity organisations on the ground are secure. Has any money been paid over to the commodity organisations? Farmers that are part of this programme have not seen any action yet R55 million has been spent. What was the money spent on? When the Committee undertook an oversight visit to KZN, a similar presentation was given stating that the number of land parcels redistributed especially in 2011 was more than other years. If that is the case, what is the challenge faced by the Department that caused it not to be able to redistribute land in subsequent years as it did in 2011? Recently there was a court judgement on a case brought by David Rakase where he challenged a lease he has held for 17 years and he offered to buy the land. Is the Department abiding by the judgement or appealing it? What impact will that have on current and future leases? Would that judgement not lead to leases being reviewed? Still on the matter of leasing, during the oversight tour there was a farmer who was not aware of how much he was paying towards the lease of a farm. Nationally and on a departmental level, how much revenue is generated from all leases? How do you get to deal with farmers not paying? One challenge mentioned by you is the poor state of infrastructure in some of the farms bought. What are the reasons for poor infrastructure? That brings us to the case of the Valuer General in the Department who has since resigned. How would that gap impact the further purchase of farms by the Department?
Ms M Tlhape (ANC) said that according to the presentation it is clear that one is no longer talking of RECAP as it has since been suspended since 2017/18. The Land Development Support programme (LDS) was established in its place because of the challenges associated with the Blended Finance Model. What were the challenges in the Blended Finance Model? What will the difference be between LDS and the now abandoned RECAP, or is LDS an improved version of RECAP? RECAP had no budget, but 25% of land acquisition was taken as a budget for 'RECAP'; does LDS have its own budget or was it operating under similar provisions? Do we have a policy that guides the implementation of LDS? With regard to the pilot involving 262 farmers; is this a roll-out or a pilot?
Mr P Sindane (EFF) apologised for coming late and said that he is interested in the LDS where 11 500 farmers were supported in the sugar farming industry. Knowing that this sector is one of the highly monopolised agricultural sectors in the country; where are these black farmers located for oversight purposes?
Ms B Tshwete (ANC) said that regarding the LDS, the document she perused stated that in 2016/17 only the Limpopo province was supported in the One Household One Hectare Programme. What happened to other provinces? Also there are no clear criteria for the selection of beneficiaries. Can that be clarified? No training is taking place both for farmers and beneficiaries in KZN and mentors are disappearing after getting paid. How is the Department addressing the challenge of the lack of access to the market for the farmers? The various units that make up this Department are still working in silos, are there any inter-departmental plans and programme to address it?
Ms N Mahlo (ANC) supported the Chairperson in requesting for a detailed report from the Department so that the projects could be visited by the Committee. The oversight visit to KZN was an eye opener as most projects spoken about by the Department did not exist. In the household One Hectare Programme, the Department said it was initiated to promote security, food security and improved rural livelihood. The Committee needs information on the households impacted by the programme so that they could be visited. In their support for rural farm dwellers, were the cooperatives supported too? How many were supported and what skills were transferred? If indeed skills were transferred, was a quality management system provided so that they could enter the global market? On the LDS, are there gaps identified for Parliament as policy makers to fill? On the programme that was piloted on 262 farms, what was the rationale behind it? Why was KZN alone chosen for the majority of the farm for the pilot projects while other provinces had two or three projects? How many women participated in the projects?
Ms T Breedt (FF+) was worried in the Department's way of thinking in the One Household One Hectare Project. Why the programme was only executed in Limpopo when the plan is to commercialise it? The issue of mentors being paid R15 000 per month yet during the oversight tour none of them were seen. No impact could be seen and no skills transfer has taken place. The mentors are paid monthly yet the farmers only see them three times in a year. How then can we measure the skills transferred to the mentors and the extension officers? It is worrying that no set criterion is set for beneficiaries other than the business plans they submitted. What needs to be in the business plan and how is one farmer chosen over another? Are we assisting our sugar cane farmers to make them competitive again?
Ms K Mahlatsi (ANC) appreciated the presentation but said that it did not paint a rosy picture. The One Household One Hectare Programme was initiated in 2015, the presentation did not specify whether it was succeeding or failing. It did not also say if it should continue and if changes should be made and what needs to happen going forward. Given the recommendations on the (Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Report, has the Department acted on it? How much was spent compiling this report? If implementation was carried out based on the recommendations of the report, what are the success stories? Supply Chain Management (SCM) processes was said to be a Departmental challenge since 2015, what efforts are being made to ameliorate it with the National Treasury? If yes, what progress has been made thus far? The fact that farmers are finding it difficult to secure loans from Land bank because of their specific criteria; did the Department not know about this criteria beforehand?
Mr N Masipa (DA) was concerned with the fragmented service delivery being provided in executing the RECAP programme. Two departments (Agriculture and Rural Development) are merging so what is being done to ensure that there will be no duplication of functions as it relates to support for the farmers? This is because of the multiplicity of programmes (CASP, MAFISA, and RECAP etcetera) being provided by different departments. What is the Department doing to ensure that there is no double dipping and that a smooth and seamless support is offered to the farmers? On RECAP, in the last Committee meeting, we were informed that the Blended Finance Model was stopped due to suspected corruption but that it will be brought back again; but again today it is stated that it has stopped completely. What then is the position of the Department with regard to Blended Finance? How are farmers concerns going to be addressed because they are asking Parliament questions about the Blended Finance Model pronounced by the President? On commodity support, the Department has indicated that there is an MOU in place. Can the Committee get a copy of the MOU with the commodity group?
Mr N Capa (ANC) said that it was his understanding of The One Household One Hectare Programme that every household will receive one hectare of farmland. The figures achieved are not encouraging after all these years. If it is not the case, it is unacceptable and if it is the case then the Committee needs an explanation about the issue of strategic partners and mentors because they seem to be the only ones benefiting to the detriment of the farmers. There are cases where those who are strategic partners are employees in the farms and how is this being addressed?
Ms A Steyn (DA) asked the Department if they knew that the Public Amendment Act was changed and became law from 01 April this year. The law says that from April this year, people could be held liable for money that was not spent correctly. This is being reiterated because the Committee has seen it in KZN when people come in front of the Committee to say they did not know this or that or that they will follow up on things. Was there a forensic investigation on RECAP in this Department? If yes where is it? Ms Magkora was charged; where are we in the investigations? Can we get a full list of all farms where money was spent on RECAP, who bought what, and for and for how much? We hardly get a breakdown of how much was spent by the Department of Agriculture on RECAP in their presentations. In KZN the Committee was told that the Department spent R5 million on a single RECAP programme. Information provided to the Committee was always fragmented and that has to be worked on. Who decided that RECAP should now be called LDS? In the last eleven years the Committee has seen almost eight programmes and it cannot even keep up. KZN received most of the funding on the old RECAP, but looking closely, only 15% of farms were supported in KZN so why was so much money spent there and nothing in Western Cape?
The Chairperson asked what the policy outcomes were of the One Household One Hectare Programme. Is tenure security per household and access to land for agricultural production realised? In what ways has the policy contributed to improving the tenure security and access to agricultural land and the landless in SA? Is there a criterion that guides the policy of selecting beneficiaries for the One Household One Hectare Programme? On the performance report of this programme since 2016-19, it shows no accountability as envisaged in the Constitution. Are there any budgets, targets and expenditure reports in this regard? It seems to speak to only a total of 7 788 households that have been supported and says nothing about accountability which seems to appear as a defeat. To ensure thorough oversight and to hold the Department accountable, the Committee will require the information in terms of provinces, districts, project sights and the number of households in terms of youth, women and people with disabilities assisted. What performance and target reports were achieved, the budget and expenditure as well as challenges and mitigation strategies.
In her response, Ms Sadiki stated that regarding the ten year agreement with commodity organisations, farmers in Doctor Ruth, North West Province and other places are still frustrated because nothing has happened thus far. Money has not been given to commodity organisations and the Department has so far spent R55 million. A full account of what the money was spent on with which farmer, in which district and the local municipality they belonged to is available, and will be submitted to the Committee. There has been a delay in implementation for a number reasons one of which led to the cancellation of RECAP and that has frustrated the farmers. When the Department transfers money, the farmers utilise it not for the purpose for which it is meant so a model of holding accounts was developed. In this model, money is transferred into a bank account that is managed by a financial institution. It is the farmer and commodity organisation that will co-sign and when the Department receives that, an instruction is sent to the bank to release the money. That process took longer than was anticipated and that is the cause of the delay and farmers accused the Department of being slow. The process is not complete but because of the fast approach of the planting season, the Department has agreed to release half of their money to them for now although proof has yet to be shown that work has been done.
On the reason why the Department did not move fast in re-distributing land, or as fast as was done in 2011; the biggest reason is that the money was cut from land acquisition to implement the LDS. Again, from 2015 the office of the Valuer General was introduced to value land that is just and equitable in comparison to the market value. Most of the valuations are being rejected and this led the Department to buy less land. Farmers withdrew their land from the market once the valuation has been done.
On the David Rakase case, the Department has offered to buy the portion of land he was using and he refused that offer. It has to be remembered that he leased the land from the former Bophuthatswana homeland, and under the new democratic dispensation the land was then transferred to the RSA and then to this Department. He was not alone when he was given a lease; it was the community and himself. It will be unjust to discuss that case here because there are other communities involved. Before going to the hearings the Department offered to sell him the portion he was using which he refused.
With regard to the issue about farmers leasing land but unaware of what they were paying; the Department stated that they all knew because the Department had signed leases and in the leases it was stated the money they ought to pay, and those who did not pay anything were labour tenants who paid one Rand. If they signed and were not paying, the steps to be taken were aligned to the Treasury regulations. This was all stated in the lease agreement. It is true that it takes long to finalise the process of buying the farms. The Department is working on a system of acquiring land through auctions. The door for RECAP has closed except where the Department is committed and that too is being finalised because RECAP used to be paid over a period of five years. The LDS is a departmental policy and has in it the Blended Finance Model of One House One Hectare all aimed at supporting land whether restarted or redistributed, it all made up this policy. The Department proposed that It be invited to present this policy to Members.
One of the challenges of the Blended Finance Model was that of corruption and this was the main reason the policy was relooked at. The LDS and RECAP both deal with land development support but the only problem with RECAP is that it gets paid over five years while the LDS rather uses a business plan to determine what must be paid, when and where. With the LDS the negative lessons learned from RECAP were improved upon.
On the challenges identified and ironed out by the two departments merging, Ms Sadiki said yes, even last week the Department was looking at eliminating the duplication of functions. Different areas are going to be ironed out such as Human Resources, Finance, infrastructure and some of the questions asked by Members are being dealt with through a Committee set up for this purpose. This process will be completed by 31 March 2020 with implementation from 01 April 2020. The MOU entered with the National Agricultural Council (NAMAC) will be provided to the Committee.
There was a forensic investigation on the RECAP with the case of Ms Magkoda. This case was referred to the SIU and they have not finalised their investigations as yet. She was charged on a referral not on a report. Ms Magkoda was disciplined and dismissed. She then went to arbitration and won and has been reinstated. The Department will provide a full list of the RECAP farms, amounts spent and where the projects are located.
The Chairperson said for the sake of time, follow-up questions on the other two presentations could be asked and the Department should write them down, compile written responses and send them to the Committee secretary. Ms Sadiki was commended for answering all the questions.
Follow-up questions
Ms Steyn said with regard to the LandCare programme, the Department should furnish the Committee with one flagship project they feel they have achieved their objective with in the LandCare programme so that Members could go there to see for themselves if it was working properly. The bottom up approach should be revisited rather than the Department making its own evaluation of sites that were suitable in which to situate their projects. Every year the budget for this programmes was under spent because people do not know the existence of these programmes. The conclusion is that there is no properly functioning LandCare programme, it should rather be said that what they were doing was an EPWP programme.
Mr Capa said the Department talked of assistance to schools; the Committee would like to see instances of practical assistance to schools as it relates to Junior Care. While at school, Agriculture was meant for those who did not perform well academically in Standard six. This attitude was inherited and pervasive in our society and should be changed and eradicated by the Department. Is it the farmers that initiate the business plans or is it the commodity group that assists them? It would be nice to have structures in the communities that will look after these projects. Linked to this too is the indigenous knowledge of inhabitants.
Mr Masipa asked what informed the budget for LandCare. Travelling to Limpopo one could not help but notice deforestation taking place and this is where LandCare is actually needed. The community should be informed of this programme for meaningful participation.
Ms Mahlatsi found a clear alignment, what progress is being made and how long will the process duplication of roles looking at the presentations. Though the DG said they are looking at issues of re- take? There was an issue about land under irrigation in the presentation. The departments seem to contradict each other. The Department said there is the potential 80 000 hectares for land under irrigation while the NDP says there is the potential to have a bigger scale in terms of land. What informs this information? The Committee is not impressed by the pictures in the presentation; details are needed. The presentation only gives a helicopter approach on issues. The last two presentations did not even mention the challenges faced in implementing the programmes as if it is doing very well. In the Junior Care programme, is there coordination between yourselves and the Department of Basic Education or is it done on an ad-hoc basis?
Ms Breedt said that the EPWP programme in the Free State is a money dump; the Department gives these wonderful figures of temporary employment without any skills imparted to make them employable. In the LandCare programme, how are the participants trained, what skills is transferred and what are they being trained for? These programmes just seem to be elaborate schemes where money is wasted. How are the schools programmes being implemented? Is it built into the school's curriculum?
Ms Mahlo wanted an intensification of the communication between the farmers and the communities because of the breakdown in communication discovered during the oversight tour. She said that the Committee wanted all the reports it had requested so that they could assist the Department because all parties were working for the benefit of the people. Are there quality management systems, policies and procedures in all the projects the Department implements? The commodity organisations do not work for the benefit our people. The office of the Valuer General needs to be capacitated as a matter of urgency because they have only two staff Members.
Ms T Mbabama (DA) asked to have samples of the Service Level Agreements (SLAs) of the grains and livestock commodity groups that the Department partners with. A suggestion was made for the use of vernacular community radio stations and the SABC to disseminate information about some these programmes. A lot of people are not aware of the programmes as it is. The Acting DG Ms Sadiki was congratulated for being very effective and efficient and her passion for her job was praised.
Mr Sindane was interested in the effect of climate change that led to some of the farms failing. He asked how much has been lost as a result and what is the current status of those projects. What was planted on those farms? The farms in the pictures might just be visited by the Committee so the Department should make sure the pictures used depicted the reality on the farms.
Ms Tlhape disputed that the policing in the AVMP and the RVCP programmes was linked to the CRDP. Based on the objectives of the programmes and what was seen in KZN if it were so, the Committee would have seen a better situation. The observation is that the Department is good in starting a programme but then abandons it for new terminology and a replacement programme. If the programmes were implemented as planned, it would have lifted the communities pressures. The temporary jobs being created by the programmes involving the research units, could help to make them sustainable.
Mr Montwedi wanted to know from the Department if there is any plan of taking the EPWP workers into the Department 's employment? This people are needed and long term plan for employment for them must be explored. Is there any proactive plan in identifying alien trees and removing them? On revitalisation of the irrigation scheme using the river catalytic programme; when is the implementation going to be? It was there in the legacy report of the previous Committee and needs attention this financial year. Fencing for rotational gracing must be looked into because in the North West province there is fight between the livestock farmers and the crop farmers already going on because the livestock is feeding the crops. The fences being installed should be something a bit permanent because some of the fences are already stolen. Do you take the crop farmers into cognizance when dealing with commodity association so that the right crops for the season are planted?
The Chairperson said that when Members went to visit a CRDP project in KZN, the Mayor said he had not been to that site in eight years and the question must be asked if the CRDP actually exists. Has the agrarian transformation, rural development, and improved reform been abandoned by the Department? The CRDP spoke to four foci which are: community, land, cropping and livestock and are we saying that they have all been abandoned? We cannot continue to pilot programmes and then desert the projects and programmes because if for eight years the mayor stated they have not been on the sight then something is amiss. The Department went to put fences in Luntandolo community and left and nothing has happened to date and no kind of support provided to them. They then went into land that is lying fallow in Mveso, with 352 hectares fenced in with no support system, no irrigation, and crops and so what is real work of the Department? Is fencing all that is done under these programmes or to actually realise food security? One community member of the small district of Mveso went to plead with Siemens to build them a High School and the Mandela School of Science and Technology was born with a R100 million investment from Siemens. A state of the art school in rural South Africa, the best of its kind in rural Africa, two hectares of land was cut out for agricultural programmes. The Department and DAFF adopted that two hectares and started producing eggs with chicken layers and they now have a piggery and crops. The constant question asked by the community is: what is being thought in school that can be taken to empower and skill the community? Is what is thought in the schools under the Junior Care programme being extended to household gardens? These are questions that the Committee wants clarity on to be provided in writing.
The meeting was adjourned.
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LandCare South Africa presentation
Rural Development & Land Reform - AVMP & RVCP Programmes 2009-2019
Rural Development & Land Reform - Farmer Support/Post Settlement Programmes
Mandela, Nkosi ZM Chairperson
Breedt, Ms T
Capa, Mr N
Mahlatsi, Ms KD
Mahlo, Ms NP
Masipa, Mr NP
Mbabama, Ms TM
Montwedi, Mr Mk
Sindane, Mr P
Steyn, Ms A
Tlhape, Ms MM
Tshwete, Ms B
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Executive Director, Center for Urban Innovation
Jennifer Bradley is the Founding Director of the Center for Urban Innovation at the Aspen Institute.
Jennifer Bradley is the founding director of the Center for Urban Innovation and the co-author, with Bruce Katz, of The Metropolitan Revolution (Brookings Press, 2013). At the Center for Urban Innovation, she has led projects on: how local-level regulations can help or hinder innovation and economic inclusion; how cities can prepare for the advent of autonomous vehicles; how inclusive innovation happens in businesses, philanthropies, local governments, and non-profits; and the challenges that women and people of color have in accessing capital.
Prior to joining the Aspen Institute, Jennifer was a fellow at the Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program, where she worked on the role of metropolitan areas in the nation's economy and politics. She has also spoken widely about urban issues, at The Aspen Ideas Festival, South by Southwest, the Code for America Summit, and Techonomy, and her essays have appeared in Newsweek, The New Republic, The Atlantic Monthly, and Next American City.
A former attorney, Jennifer has co-authored Supreme Court amicus briefs in cases that affirmed the constitutional powers of local governments and secured greater environmental protections, including the landmark case, Massachusetts v. EPA.
Jennifer has a J.D., magna cum laude, from Georgetown University Law Center, an MPhil from Oxford University, which she attended on a Rhodes Scholarship, and a B.A. from the University of Texas.
Authored by Jennifer
Who Is Driving Autonomous Vehicle Policy?
The rollout of driverless vehicles needs to be paired with sensible policies for cities.
BY Jennifer Bradley
Entrepreneurship: Like Running Uphill Blindfolded
If you don't like hardship, don't become an entrepreneur. But don't let challenges stop you.
Entrepreneurship in Education
Here's how one charter school prepares students for success.
The Challenges of Startup Founders of Color
Urban innovators of color face many challenges in bringing their startup ideas to life.
Breaking Down Perceptions of Entrepreneurs
"We leave a lot of untapped talent on the table."
Who are Urban Innovators?
What's possible when urban innovators get the capital they need to advance their big ideas?


I wear horse riding boots!
I do not ride horses!
They simply look good and I get a lot of compliments on them.
I have tennis shoes but, I wear boots all year round!
CONVERSE ALL STAR mostly, love em!
Black Sketchers. They're getting very worn out, though. Holes through both shoes.
Champion sneakers, the basic stuff pretty much.


Happy Anniversary, friend. — Lindzsays!
Some we named after people we know, some we named after bugs and animals and we realized that just about this time last year is when we first met each other!
We then declared that, clearly, these fireworks were in celebration of our friendship.
Well, of course they were!
A year ago, Kim came into my office at work and our friendship began. Now she is a dear friend, a city sister and The Plagiarists' first paid employee! I can't believe it has only been a year. It seems like I've known Kim my whole life.


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Get your FREE Estimate Today!
Maid Brigade Survey Uncovers Daily Life Factors that Contribute to Women's Stress
ATLANTA—More than 78 percent of women feel they work a "second shift" when it comes to their daily life responsibilities, according to findings from the 2013 Work/Life Balance Survey conducted by Maid Brigade. Responses from the annual survey also suggest that everyday home and family responsibilities may prevent women from pursuing their individual hobbies and personal health goals, adding to the daily stress in their lives. These responsibilities include tasks like laundry, cleaning, making dinner, and taking care of the family.
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health, stress occurs when people feel like they don't have the adequate tools to manage all of the demands in their lives.
"In recognition of April as National Stress Awareness Month, we want to let women know that they are not alone in their daily life struggle," says Marie Stegner, consumer health advocate for Maid Brigade, the leading maid service company. "As women continue to try and "have it all," we hope the insight gained from this survey will help them combat some of the sources of stress while leading to a more balanced and healthy lifestyle."
In its third year, the Maid Brigade Work/Life Balance Survey is part of the company's consumer advocacy efforts to improve the lives and well being of women. The survey offers a glimpse into how women cope with stress and what they would do if they had more spare time. Both women with children at home and empty nesters were surveyed.
Maid Brigade survey findings regarding three common stress triggers among women along with a few simple tips to alleviate this daily stress are offered below.
1. Sense of Control
According to the survey, 51 percent of women with children at home feel a strong need for control over their daily lives. Interestingly, almost twice as many empty nesters feel comfortable with their lives and the amount of control they feel they have over daily occurrences. The lack of control over the minute-to-minute chaos that fills each day, especially for those with children at home, may be a leading stress trigger.
Tip: Keep organized and stick to a basic schedule. Set time aside to complete the necessary daily tasks at home so that things such as laundry and dirty dishes do not pile up.
2. "Me" Time
Empty nesters are more likely to pursue hobbies and take preventative health measures, according to the survey, which may be important factors in reducing stress levels. Women with children at home are helping with homework and school activities, which adds to the daily workload. Family time, exercise, home decorating/improvement, and hobbies were most frequently chosen (in that order) by these women as things they would like to be doing if they had the time. Hobbies, family time, exercise, and home decorating/improvement were the top four choices (in that order) among women without children at home. Also interesting was that for both groups, "getting involved in industry associations" was one of the least selected options for activities to pursue in one's spare time.
Tip: Carve out 30 minutes each day to do something for you. Take a bath, read a book, exercise, sit and put your feet up. Every little bit counts. If you have more time to do more, great!
3. Second Shift
Nearly double the number of women with children at home as compared to those without say they "sometimes or always" feel they work a second shift. Among all of the women surveyed, 78 percent say they "sometimes or always" feel they work a second shift at home, up from 72 percent in 2012.
When asked, "Do you feel like you manage the details of your life well and maintain a sense of balance?" the response was nearly identical for women with children at home and empty nesters with 59 percent saying they "sometimes" do. However, more women with children at home answered that they feel that women could "have it all" yet qualified that with but "not all at once." This selection garnered nearly a 10 percent higher response from women with children at home as compared to those without.
Tip: Find time to do things "non-work" related both in and outside the home. When possible, limit the amount of time catching up on work at home after hours such as checking work email.
For an executive summary and results from the 2013 Maid Brigade Work/Life Balance Survey visit http://www.maidbrigade.com/survey.


Do you need to speak business English? Do you need to write better email, speak to international colleagues, or attend meetings and presentations in English? Would you like to improve your English skills to get a better job? I've been teaching business English for 4 years (3 years with Vaughan Systems). This isn't my hobby it's my full-time job and I make sure I get results. I follow the Vaughan Systems method which is very intensive and has had great success. You can have a free session to create a personal English action plan. We'll work together to make a step by step plan to take your English to the next level in the next 6 months. Placement test included!
Muy buena clase. Muy amena y él muy atento y paciente. Me gustó mucho y sé que me va a ayudar a conseguir mis objetivos.
Me ha parecido buen profesor, empático, muy agradable, paciente y se adapta perfectamente a todo lo que necesitas. Me gusta el método que utiliza.


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2009 Record: 8-5 (3-4 in Big East)
2009 Bowl: International Bowl (beat Northern Illinois 27-3)
Final 2009 AP Ranking: Not Ranke
Head Coach: Skip Holtz (First Year at USF, 72-50 All-Time)
Non-Conference Schedule: Stony Brook (9/4), Florida (9/11), Western Kentucky (9/25), Florida Atlantic (10/2)
Scoring: 26.5 points per game (5th in Big East)
Rushing Yards/Game: 170 (3rd in Big East)
Passing Yards/Game: 194 (6th in Big East)
Total Yards/Game: 365 (5th in Big East)
Scoring: 19.8 points per game (2nd in Big East, 19th in Nation)
Rushing Yards/Game: 135 (6th in Big East)
Passing Yards/Game: 186 (1st in Big East)
Total Yards/Game: 321 (3rd in Big East)
Turnover Margin: 0.00 per game (5th in Big East)
Penalties: 57 yards per game (7th in Big East)
Passing: QB B.J. Daniels, Soph (122 of 227 for 1983 yds, 14 TD, 9 INT, 152 ypg)
Rushing: QB B.J Daniels, Soph (175 carries for 772 yds, 9 TD, 4.4 ypc, 59 ypg)
Receiving: WR Dontavia Bogan, Sr (22 rec, 305 yds, 4 TD, 1.7 rec/game)
Tackles: LB Sabbath Joseph, Sr (48)
Sacks: DE Craig Marshall, Sr (3)
Interceptions:3 tied with 1
2010 Big East Unit Rankings
QB- Athlon Sports #1; Phil Steele #1
RB- Athlon Sports #8 ; Phil Steele #8
WR/TE- Athlon Sports #5; Phil Steele #5
OL- Athlon Sports #3; Phil Steele #2
DL- Athlon Sports #6; Phil Steele #5
LB- Athlon Sports #7; Phil Steele #6
DB- Athlon Sports #4; Phil Steele #3
ST- Phil Steele #7
2010 Pre-Season Big East Prediction:
Phil Steele: #3 (tied with Cincinnati)
Bowl Prediction:
Phil Steele: St Petersburg Bowl (vs.Southern Miss)
South Florida won their first 5 games by picking off some very easy teams and beating FSU (then ranked #18) 17-7. USF struggled in Big East play as they fell to Cincinnati and Pitt back-to-back after beating Syracuse. USF ended up 3-4 in Big East play before going bowling and beating Northern Illinois. It was on the job training for B.J. Daniels as he had to step in for injured Matt Grothe in the 3rd game of the year and then lead the team for the remainder of the season. USF had some bumps and bruises in the off-season and HC Jim Leavitt (who was the first HC in USF history) was fired in January. Skip Holtz, son of Lou, takes over the reigns after guiding East Carolina to 4 consecutive bowl games. We touched base with The Bull Gator to see how things are looking for USF in 2010.
What are the major strengths and weaknesses of the team?
With a new coach bringing in new schemes, it's really hard to say. We can look over East Carolina game tape until we're blue in the face and we still wouldn't have a perfect idea of what we'll see in the fall. But based on what we know, USF's biggest strength may be B.J. Daniels. The talented quarterback has star written all over him and is easily the most important part of the team. As Matt Grothe went the last few seasons, so went the Bulls. When Grothe looked spectacular, USF looked great. When he was throwing the ball up for grabs and trying to win it all on one play, the Bulls crashed to the ground. As Daniels transitions to a new coach, he must keep the mistakes to a minimum. He will carry USF on and off the field.
As for weaknesses, the biggest one is inconsistency. The Bulls could be one of the most frustrating teams in the nation to watch. Over the last few years, they've look like world-beaters at times and like downright losers at others. It's always been hard to know which USF team you were going to get from game to game. The one that starts each season strong? Or the one that finishes each season by throwing itself off a cliff?
Florida. Last year USF travelled to FSU and came away with a victory. The same thing won't happen against the Gators, but it's still a test for a number of reasons. Florida has gone 26-2 over the last two seasons. Heading into The Swamp and coming out with a loss won't derail the Bulls season, but how they lose will be an indicator of how far away Skip Holtz is from pushing USF to the next step. No one expects too much from Holtz and the Bulls in this game. It will only be his second game as the head coach so even a blowout loss will be forgiven, BUT if USF can make it respectable, it'll say a lot about where they are as a program. The Gators are breaking in a lot of new parts as well. I don't see a surprise victory for the Bulls, but how they come out of this game could help shape the season.
Normally I would say Rutgers (no USF fan ever likes playing Rutgers), but the way the schedule is structured this year, I'll go with West Virginia. By all accounts, the Bulls should enter the game against the Mountaineers at 4-1. That game (and eight days later against Cincinnati) could define the season. Does USF get a win and momentum heading into the second half of the season? Or does the Big East "murderer's row" knock the Bulls out of conference title contention early?
I'm going with local boy Ryne Giddins. Giddins was the first recruit to be down to USF and Florida that ended up a Bull. He was also the highest ranked recruit USF had ever pulled in at the time (if you're not counting Mike Ford since he didn't technically come straight from high school). Giddins was a huge get for the Bulls, but some may have forgotten about him after a year learning more about the college game. For those that mostly remember the players they've actually seen on the field, don't forget out Giddins. He could be the next USF defensive lineman to have a big impact.
B.J. Daniels. The best and, obviously, the most important.
I'll answer this one a little differently and say who NEEDS to be the most impactful. The secondary. It's been a while now since Mike Jenkins and Trae Williams locked down pretty much every receiver they went up against. Then along came Nate Allen and Jerome Murphy and while the two were talented, the unit as a whole was extremely inconsistent. They'd follow up a great play on the ball with a bad pass interference penalty or a missed assignment. Although a lot of it starts with the seven up front, the secondary could make or break this team. Discipline is the key. If they are disciplined, they will be much more impactful than the occasional big play or hard hit.
I think this is the third time I've had this answer, but it's B.J. Daniels again. Daniels needs to take his game to the next level. Don't panic when pressured. Don't try to make the throw when it isn't there. And use his running ability, but don't try to do too much with it. A big year from Daniels and the Bulls will be heading in the right direction.
Bradley Battles. Battles was a 4-star athlete coming out of high school and due to depth issues (Mike Ford and Jamar Taylor are gone and Tiger Powell won't be coming to USF for another season or two) at running back, he'll be one of the top backups as a redshirt freshman this season. He's a speed back who can provide a change of pace for the Bulls and should get valuable carries this season.
Although tempted to say Giddins again, I'll go with Terrence Mitchell. Another local product, Mitchell decided to stay home and bring his talents to the Bulls. Mitchell was a big get (just as big as Giddins the previous year) for USF and more importantly for Holtz. It doesn't hurt that he's a defensive back. Mitchell should be able to come in a play right away and give the Bulls a playmaker in the secondary from day one.
Some people think this could be a down year as Holtz "rebuilds" the program (he's not really rebuilding, just restructuring), but I still think this team has bowl game potential. Looking at the schedule realistically, USF could start 4-1 and finish 1-1. It's those other five games that are the biggest question marks. There's no reason the Bulls can't get through them going 3-2. There's also a chance they could go 1-4. It's really anyone's guess with those five (I'm talking about October 14 to November 20 when the Bulls face West Virginia, Cincinnati, Rutgers, Louisville, and Pittsburgh).
I'll go on the low side if only because of having a new coach and say 7-5. I'd love to say eight wins is within reach (and it is), but guessing Holtz will be making adjustments throughout the year, it's hard to imagine USF being able to take a step forward until 2011.
Going back to a bowl makes it a successful season for me. Holtz would be forgiven if the Bulls don't go bowling, but falling too much makes 2011 and beyond that much harder. If he can get USF a winning season in his first year, 2010 will be marked as a success.
Thanks again to The Bull Gator. Check out his site this year as he covers both the USF Bulls and the Florida Gators. You can also follow him on twitter @TheBullGator
Big East- Cincinnati Bearcats, Pittsburgh Panthers, Rutgers Scarlet Knights, West Virginia Mountaineers
Labels: 2010 Team Previews, Big East, South Florida Bulls


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DOL's Fiduciary Rule: Death By A Thousand Cuts?
Approximately seven years after being initially proposed, the DOL's fundamental rewrite of ERISA's "investment advice" definition was finalized in 2016 to substantial controversy. While the results of the 2016 presidential election seemed to jeopardize the very survival of the rule, at the end of the day (at least so far), to the surprise of many, the basics of the rule did somehow manage to become applicable on June 9, 2017. The authors take a look at how we got to where we are, where we've gotten to, and where we may be going.
Read "DOL's Fiduciary Rule: Death By A Thousand Cuts?"
Andrew L. Oringer
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VIEW ALL DOL's Fiduciary Rule: Death By A Thousand Cuts? KNOWLEDGE


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Assassin's Creed Origins' Educational Mode Will Include 75 Guided Tours
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July 24, 2019 0Likes 0Comments
Ready for quite a few good old-fashioned edutainment? Assassin's Creed Origins launches its combat-free Discovery Tour next week, and Ubisoft has revealed new info on the unique and ambitious-sounding mode. First, an instant description with the Discovery Tour for individuals who were not maintaining.
"This new educational mode on the game lets everyone, from players to history-enthusiasts and non-gamers, select from free roaming the gorgeous field of Ancient Egypt for more information regarding its background and existence, or embarking on guided tours curated by historians and Egyptologists. People will get and explore your global freed from conflict, time pressure or gameplay constraints, where storyline and quests are not active as well as the realm of Ancient Egypt evolves in to a combat-free living museum."
According to Ubisoft, the mode should include an extraordinary 75 individual tours, that will last between 5 and 25 minutes each. Each tour might be stuck just using one among five themes:
Egypt: The land of Egypt, geography, and wildlife.
Pyramids: And exploration of essentially the most iconic landmarks of Egypt.
Alexandria: Explaining the Greek influence that began with Alexander.
Daily Life: Information about folks but not precisely the monuments.
Romans: Tours that focus on the growing influence of Rome during the adventure.
Players will control a number of characters within these tours, including Bayek, Aya, Cleopatra, Caesar, and also 20 others. Beyond just the guided tours, players may also be absolve to fool around and snap pictures with Photo Mode in the danger-free form of Origins' Ancient Egypt.
Assassin's Creed Origins owners can download the Discovery Tour at no cost on February 20. People who would like to bone through Egyptian history without indulging in the nasty, violent core game, can find the invention Tour
Tags: XBox
PUBG Now Bundled with Xbox One X For A Short time; Over 1M Players in First A couple of days
Huge Kingdom Come Deliverance Patch Day-One Basically Replaces The Entire Retail Game


With 2017 right around the corner, it is hard not to take a moment and think about how quickly time passed this year.
If you are like me, my style mavens, then you probably spend way too much time perusing the latest offerings and trends in your favorite magazines, online blogs and even fashion apps. If you are like me, then you also probably swoon over the designer duds presented in many of them, but often end up searching for wallet-friendly options instead. This ongoing quest for a cheaper alternative is actually what led me to create a section of my blog called the Chic, Yet Cheap Find, and is also what keeps many of you readers coming back for a regular dose of fashion-related pearls of wisdom. However, once I spot a trend and start the hunt for that perfect item to complete it- in this case it is a pleated skirt- I find sometimes find myself engaging in a long process that leads to complete and utter frustration.
Tights just got a lot of little competition. Why, you ask? Well, pants of all silhouettes are being layered under dresses– giving us style mavens more options when it comes to the art of getting dressed.
Who doesn't love a good comeback story? This fall, there's one trend in particular that the fashion industry is cheering on, and that is suede.
There are truly few style staples that are as timeless in delivery as the silk scarf. This piece's versatility, chameleon-like tendencies- it comes in almost every shape, size and color- and ability to take the basic top and pair of jeans combo to the next level make it an essential building block in any style maven's wardrobe.
Yes, my style mavens, I am back. Back from a trip that has put things into a completely new perspective, and propelled me into a much-needed state of change. In fact, my trip to India had such a profound affect on me that I am still fighting to fully grasp the words to describe it. Don't worry though, a post will be coming your way very soon.


The updated Intex® Inflatabull is designed with innovative photo-realistic printing technology, hop on for a fun rodeo in your own pool. Host competitions with family and friends and see how long you can stay mounted on the bull. Provides families and friends with hours of challenging wet fun. Features three air chambers and durable grab handles.


We are officially nine days into our Rotaract year, what has your club been up to? If you're still taking the fledgling steps into the new term why not start out with reviewing this year's Presidential Citation! There are big changes to this year's format so it would be prudent to view it now and… Continue reading Happy New Rotaract Year!


Dead Space is a 2008's Sci-Fi, Horror-Survival, and Third-person Shooter video game published by EA (Electronic Arts). The game is set in the future in the year 2508 and features the character of the protagonist named Alex Clarke who works as an engineer. The game kicks off with a distress signal from one of the Mining Ships USG Ishimura, harvesting the Ore from a Planet named as Aegis VII. After getting the Distress Signal, CEC (Concordance Extraction Corporation), sends in another Ship USG Kellion to investigate the matter. The Protagonist Alex along with Commander Zack Hammond and Computer Expert Kendra Daniels gets forwarded to the Ship and upon their arrival at the USG Ishimura, USG Kellion crashes on the docks of USG Ishimura due to some technical issues. After boarding off, Isaac Clarke starts to investigate the malfunctions in ship's systems and soon encounters the Necromorphs, The Monstrous Reanimated Human Corpses. This is where the player gets in and controls the character of Isaac Clarke. Player's task is to find the causes of ship's systems malfunction, repair the system and send the distress signal to USG Valor to get rescued. Finding the Hive Mind (A creature that controls all the Necromorphs) and creating the "Dead Space" is one of the primary objectives of the game as it helps make all the Necromorphs dormant and it is the only way to survive the infestation. With a very story-centric and action-packed gameplay, brilliantly portrayed narrative and all the incredible thrill, Dead Space offer a great Sci-Fi experience of the game. Dead Space offers loads of various types of weapons to kill the Necromorphs, loads of items to collect and upgrades to enhance the efficiency as well as tons of entertaining aspects. For all those who love playing Action, Horror and Survival games with a Sci-Fi touch, Dead Space would definitely be a great entertainer.


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A Long Way from Home is an album by blues musicians Brownie McGhee and Sonny Terry released by the BluesWay label in 1969.

Reception

AllMusic reviewer Cub Koda stated: "Solid, relaxed, rockin' grooves are the hallmarks here with both artists in fine form".

Track listing
All compositions credited to Brownie McGhee except where noted
 "A Long Way from Home" (Sonny Terry) – 1:59
 "Big Question" (Brownie McGhee) – 3:41
 "Rock Island Line" (Traditional) – 2:25
 "Night and Day" (McGhee, Terry) – 4:54
 "You Just Usin' Me for a Convenience" – 3:45
 "Hole in the Wall" – 3:49
 "Life Is a Gamble" – 4:31
 "Don't Mistreat Me" (McGhee, Terry) – 3:28
 "Packin' Up, Gettin' Ready" – 5:55
 "Wailin' & Whoopin'" (Terry) – 2:57
 "B. M. Special" (McGhee, Terry, Ray Johnson, Jimmy Bond, Panama Francis) – 7:40

Personnel
Brownie McGhee – guitar, vocals
Sonny Terry – harmonica, vocals
Ray Johnson – piano
Jimmy Bond – bass
Panama Francis – drums

References

Brownie McGhee albums
Sonny Terry albums
1969 albums
BluesWay Records albums

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Wednesday, Jul 17, 2019 06:33 AM
Broncos, Briefly: Wednesday, July 17, 2019
Broncos get kids ready to go back to school as they go back to work (Troy Renck, The Denver Channel)
The event warms hearts and fosters smiles. On Tuesday, a battery of Broncos players – Emmanuel Sanders, Justin Simmons, Tim Patrick, Shelby Harris, Jake Butt and Justin Hollins among them – pushed carts through the aisles of King Soopers off Parker Road, buying supplies and clothes for kids from the Boys & Girls Club.
Broncos Roundtable: What is Vic Fangio's biggest training camp challenge? (Mark Kiszla, Ryan O'Halloran and Kyle Fredrickson, The Denver Post)
Fangio, teaming up his coaching, strength/conditioning and training staffs, should start camp with a plan to give veteran players full practices off or limited reps during a workout. Guys like Flacco, Von Miller and Chris Harris don't need a ton of work. Building up to Week 1 with everybody fresh and healthy should be Job 1 for Vic.
Broncos roster preview: Can Miller and Chubb reach a combined 30 sacks? (Mike Klis, 9NEWS)
But with Miller playing this year at a prime age of 30 and motivated by the climb up the NFL's all-time sack list (he is currently tied for 33rd with 98.0 sacks, 10 away from sole possession of No. 24), the 23-year-old Chubb expected to take another more step from his rookie-setting season of a year ago (his 12.0 sacks broke Miller's team rookie mark), and first-year head coach Vic Fangio bringing in 32 years of NFL defensive intelligence, the Broncos may have their best single-season pass-rushing duo in history.
With eyes on Week 1, Broncos receiver Emmanuel Sanders wants to "gradually progress" early in training camp (Ryan O'Halloran, The Denver Post)
"We're going to take our time," Sanders said. "I don't even know if I'll do the conditioning test (Wednesday). As far as practice, I'm definitely not going to be full-go from the jump. We'll increase the workload day by day until the trainers feel like I'm ready to go full speed."


We gathered every machine needed to turn yarn bobbins into fabrics.
The machines involved in the preparation of the yarns include two winders from the 1970's and a warping mill from 1907.
The weaving process requires a selection of complementary shuttle and rapiers looms manufactured between 1892 and 1985. Carefully restored, often customized, we made them new again and ready to weave.


text:
Q: don't use load_merge_candidate (napalm) on router when I configure automation with napalm. I try use load_merge_candidate but it not running.
My file configuration
import json
from napalm import get_network_driver
print ('conecting ssh')
driver = get_network_driver('ios')
iosvl2 = driver('192.168.1.2', 'khamnguyen', 'admin')
iosvl2.open()

print ('Accessing 192.168.1.2')
iosvl2.load_merge_candidate(filename='ACL1.cfg')

diffs = iosvl2.compare_config()
if len(diffs) > 0:
    print(diffs)
    iosvl2.commit_config()
else:
    print('No changes required.')
    iosvl2.discard_config()

iosvl2.close()

[enter image description here][1]

And ERR
   File "ConfACLWithNapalm2.py", line 9, in <module>
    iosvl2.load_merge_candidate(filename='ACL1.cfg')
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/napalm/ios/ios.py", line 315, in                                               load_merge_candidate
    return_status, msg = self._load_candidate_wrapper(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/napalm/ios/ios.py", line 282, in                                               _load_candidate_wrapper
    (return_status, msg) = self._scp_file(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/napalm/ios/ios.py", line 620, in                                               _scp_file
    return self._xfer_file(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/napalm/ios/ios.py", line 676, in                                               _xfer_file
    if not transfer.verify_space_available():
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/netmiko/scp_handler.py", line 178                                              , in verify_space_available
    space_avail = self.remote_space_available(search_pattern=search_pattern)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/netmiko/scp_handler.py", line 122                                              , in remote_space_available
    if "kbytes" in match.group(0) or "Kbytes" in match.group(0):
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'group'

(I was enable SCP)
enter image description here
enter code here

A: Can you try your config commands explicitly?
driver = get_network_driver('ios')
device = driver('192.168.159.10', 'admin', 'ultraconfig')
device.open()
device.load_merge_candidate(config='interface GigabitEthernet2\n ip address
10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0\n no shutdown\n end\n')
print(device.compare_config())
device.commit_config()
device.close()


Join us in beautiful Philadelphia, PA for another unforgettable Lamaze Childbirth Educator Seminar.
Registered students will be provided address.
Family Trees Lamaze-Accredited Program has trained more than 100 childbirth educators from seven countries, receiving accolades from each and every participant. Our seminar participants have a combined exam pass rate of nearly 100%.
We are truly a "family" when it comes to supporting one another. For more than four years, our students from all over the world continue to support (and lean on!) one another through our online support group. Whether its help preparing for the certification exam or sharing new teaching ideas, our students find new friends and colleagues (even if they've never met in person!) and show up to help a fellow Lamaze educator whenever the need arises.
Why would a current, certified childbirth educator want to take this seminar? Simply put - to up your game.
Lamaze certification is the GOLD STANDARD of childbirth education. Being "certified" through any organization might allow you to meet the MINIMUM requirements of your hospital employer, and it might be easy and convenient to attain, but in a professional setting - it is simply not enough. Adding the Lamaze credential is a wise investment into your career. It is the VERY BEST you can do for yourself as a professional childbirth educator. We guarantee you will add a plethora of teaching ideas, activities, and content to your childbirth education class.
DO NOT SETTLE FOR SECOND (OR THIRD) BEST.
Family Trees Lamaze-Accredited Program prides itself in top-of-the-line teaching activities created and facilitated by a professional educator. While other childbirth educator training programs might get you the minimum credential you need to teach in a hospital, Family Trees Lamaze-Accredited Program will prepare you to fill your classes, get parents excited about your class, and create students who are informed consumers in their own healthcare. This is about improving outcomes for our parents.
If you're a childbirth educator clicking your way through the Powerpoint of a purchased childbirth education curriculum, join our seminar and learn HOW MUCH BETTER you can become.
You deserve to be the gold standard, absolute best, professional childbirth educator. Don't settle for less.
The seminar will meet daily from 9 am - 6 pm.
While there are no professional prerequisites required for our Lamaze Childbirth Educator Seminar, our students represent a variety of backgrounds.
Since 2015, Family Trees has trained physicians, professors, midwives, nurses/nurse managers, doulas, stay-at-home mothers, childbirth educators, teachers, EMTs, bakers, bankers, stay-at-home fathers, accountants, government employees, social workers, football coach, airline employees, nutritionists, veterinarians, writers, AWHONN employees, phlebotomist, Reiki Masters, CEOs, engineers, physical therapists, graphic designers, CDC employees, massage therapists, occupational therapists, college students, IBCLCs, CLCs, film producers, WIC employees, and a middle school student (just to name a few).
There's room for EVERYONE at our seminar. After completing the seminar, students will have everything they need to prepare for Lamaze certification regardless of their prior training.
There are not many careers where a small investment into your certification will be earned back almost immediately. Becoming a Lamaze Certified Childbirth Educator (LCCE) is one of them. The minimal investment you make towards this seminar will allow you to begin teaching childbirth classes right away* . Teaching three or four expecting couples will offer a return on your seminar investment.
That said, we realize that investing in the seminar is not a possibility for everyone. We want to make that easier. We know what kind of professional doors this certification can open for people. We know this certification can change lives - yours, and those of the families you will teach. We do not take that lightly. We know you need to be here, and we want you here.
* You may not call yourself Lamaze Certified, and you may not call your class a Lamaze class until you pass the Lamaze exam.
What Do Our Students Say?
"Wendy is a really beautiful and kind soul. Please bring more people like her. I LOVE IT!"
"It was a wonderful seminar. Wendy was engaging, supportive, and encouraging"
"Wendy is an angel! She's been amazing. It has been a true blessing having her here"
"Wendy is an amazing instructor and person"
"Thank you so much for this wonderful opportunity. You are truly inspiring and I learned so much!"
Q: "What did you enjoy most about this class?"
A: "Knowledge of the instructor"
A: "Wendy was so energetic. Kept me attentive"
A: "Wendy is amazing! She made us feel so comfortable!"
A: "The knowledge Wendy has"
A: "The instructor's knowledge and input"
A: "How informative this was"
A: "Interaction, appropriate humor, and information"
A: "Thank you, Wendy - you were SO HELPFUL!"


text:
New HQ Videos Available
ISLS December 21, 2016 NAPLeS News
Today we uploaded another set of NAPLeS expert videos, which include interviews and presentations from renowned researchers like Dan Hickey or Shaaron Ainsworth and topics such as embodied cognition or seamless learning. You can find them under Research Topics & Videos.
Additionally, we published the webinar recording of "Knowledge Building: Communities Working With Ideas in Design Mode" by Marlene Scardamalia and Carl Bereiter. It is available at www.isls.org/research-topics/knowledge-building.
Categories: NAPLeS News
10 PhD positions at the Munich Center of the Learning Sciences
The application information for the REASON program has been updated The Munich Center of the Learning Sciences (MCLS) invites applications for 10 PhD positions (equaling…
ISLS March 14, 2019 NAPLeS News
New Learning Sciences Program at Boston College's Lynch School starts in late August – applications welcome
Boston College's Lynch School of Education is delighted to announce the start, in late August, 2019, of our new Masters Program in Learning Engineering. The…
ISLS January 21, 2019 NAPLeS News
Open-rank position at McGill University
The Learning Science program in the Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology at McGill University is seeking applicants for an open-rank position (Assistant, Associate, Full;…
ISLS January 3, 2019 NAPLeS News
REASON Winter School 2019: Call for applications
Hosted by the TUM School of Education Bridging the research-practice gap: Advancing evidence-based argumentation The REASON doctoral school invites young researchers to its 2019 Interdisciplinary…
ISLS September 7, 2018 NAPLeS News
NAPLeS Videos with German Subtitles
Up to now, a multitude of videos and materials have been created and uploaded to the NAPLeS homepage. They represent great resources for many researchers…
ISLS February 1, 2018 NAPLeS News
Welcome to the new NAPLeS programs from the Boğaziçi University
We welcome the Learning Sciences Doctorate Program from the Boğaziçi University in Bebek/Istanbul, Turkey. The university offers a new Learning Sciences Program on the PhD…
ISLS October 31, 2017 NAPLeS News
REASON Spring School 2018
REASON Interdisciplinary Spring School 2018, March 5th – 7th, 2018, LMU Munich LMU Munich offers the international doctoral school "Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation" (REASON). REASON…
Welcome to the new NAPLeS programs from the University of Turku
We welcome the doctoral and master's programs that are related to Learning Sciences from the University of Turku, Finland. The university offers the "Master's Degree…
ISLS July 31, 2017 NAPLeS News
Welcome to the new NAPLeS programs from the University of Calgary
We welcome the doctoral and master's programs from the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The university offers one Master's program and one Doctoral program with…
NAPLeS @CSCL 2017 in Philadelphia
From June 18 to June 22 2017 the 12th International Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning will take place in Philadelphia, USA. We will maintain the…
ISLS June 15, 2017 NAPLeS News
NAPLeS Links
NAPLeS Home
Contact NAPLeS
For information about our current member programs, students & faculty, or how to join the network, visit the links above or contact us by email at [email protected]


text:
Hart House and The Art Museum at the University of Toronto have reimagined Hart House Commons through a hugely inventive public art project, the 'Tree Protection Zone.' This unique outdoor space now showcases some stunning Indigenous art with a profound environmental message.
By Megan Mueller, Hart House Communications Officer
As construction on the University of Toronto's Landmark Initiative continues around Hart House Commons, a number of large tree-protection hoardings have inspired a public art project entitled the 'Tree Protection Zone' (TPZ).
From September 2021 to Spring/Summer 2022, this project will have a wondrous new focus: specially commissioned, mural-sized works by eight Indigenous artists and their collaborators. These remarkable artworks consider the preservation of life, water, and kin, and how each is inextricably linked to the protection of trees. They offer a vital opportunity to engage students and the wider public in essential conversations about the land and its people.
In so many ways, this initiative is emblematic of Hart House's enduring aspirations: community building, amplifying under-served voices and highlighting global concerns, such as climate change and protecting the earth, all while celebrating artistic endeavors. This project also stands as a wonderful example of partnerships across campus.
The 'Tree Protection Zone' on Hart House Commons will showcase Indigenous art from September 2021 to Spring/Summer 2022.
"This project, organized by The Art Museum, introduces to U of T campus an as of yet rarely acknowledged but urgent sense of long-lived place. Amongst the ancient trees and cared-for landscapes, and amidst the short span of settler history (as configured by the surrounding historic buildings), these works contain a message. They remind us of the intertwining of humans with the planet in a shared existence, drawing forth buried stories. They stand both with and as protectors of the land," says Barbara Fischer, Executive Director/Chief Curator, The Art Museum at The University o[clf Toronto (AMUT).
"The role of public visual art is such a powerful one," says John Monahan, Warden of Hart House, who first approached U of T partners about reimagining the tree hoardings in a way that would signal the future Indigenous Landscape Project – an offshoot of the Landmark Initiative – to be constructed on the Commons in Spring/Summer 2022.
"The presence of the Tree Protection Zone installation in the city, and on the U of T downtown campus, is an important visual declaration about the past, present and future of this land and the Indigenous peoples who have been stewarding it for generations. Hart House is proud to be part of this inspiring initiative," he adds.
This is the hoarding that has been entirely reimagined by Susan Blight, an Anishnaabe artist from Couchiching First Nation. This piece is entitled "6 kilometres and 8,000 years long."
Collaborations Highlight Indigenous Perspectives and Knowledge
The artists who participated in the TPZ were supported by Student Assistants and emerging artists who benefitted from the unique opportunity to closely engage with the artists' processes, vision, and knowledge.
Working with the TPZ curatorial team, the Assistants applied a variety of creative processes as they helped to bring the artists' designs to life. The initiative fostered collaborations involving artists, family, students, and community members of diverse backgrounds that foreground Indigenous perspectives and knowledge.
Curated by Mik Migwans, Assistant Professor and Curator at AMUT, and Maria Hupfield, Assistant Professor Indigenous Digital Arts and Performance, the TPZ features eight invited artists: Susan Blight, Carrie Hill, Que Rock, Taqralik Patridge and Nils Ailo Utsi, Christi Belcourt and Isaac Murdoch (of the Onaman Collective) and Shuvinai Ashoona.
Haudenosaunee artist Carrie Hill in front of the hoarding that she has reimagined using traditional basket-weaving techniques that she was taught by her aunt. This piece is entitled "Tewarontanonhna (We guard the tree)."
Each artist used the hoardings as a support structure for their work in diverse media. They employed traditional street art techniques and a variety of other applications to turn Hart House Commons into a celebration of the garden and trees; the buried waterway (Taddle Creek), which remains active underground; and the community that is centered here.
"By drawing attention to the tree protection zones found on constructions sites, this Indigenous-led public art project signals U of T's support of work by artists who prioritize critical accountability to place, land and peoples, as part of the vibrant energy of the city," says Maria Hupfield, TPZ co-curator.
The TPZ was made possible by Presenting Partners, including the Office of the Vice-President, Operations and Real Estate Partnerships, University of Toronto; The Art Museum at the University of Toronto; Hart House; the Indigenous Student Services; and the Office of Indigenous Initiatives at U of T. Additional support was provided by the City of Toronto's Arts and Culture Grant, the Ministry of Colleges and Universities and U of T's Postsecondary Education Fund for Aboriginal Learners.
**To learn more about the TPZ, visit the website.
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text:
The Piper
Georgetown, Guyana
INews Guyana
Home Court Freed murder accused remanded on attempted murder/robbery under arm charges
Freed murder accused remanded on attempted murder/robbery under arm charges
Carlton Bourne, 23, of Norton and Chapel Streets Georgetown on Monday found himself in hot water again after he appeared in the Georgetown Magistrates' Courts slapped with three counts of armed robbery and one count of attempted murder.
Accused: Carlton Bourne
Bourne who was released from prison in March after being freed of a murder charge was not required to plead to the first charge when it was read by Senior Magistrate Judy Latchman which stated that on July 27, 2018, he wounded Tyrese Fraser with intent to commit murder.
Another charge alleged that on the same day in question he robbed the victim (Tyrese Fraser) of a quantity of jewelry along with $84,000 in cash, totaling $377,000.
It was further alleged also on that day while he was in the vicinity of East La Penitence, while armed with a firearm he also robbed O'Neil Hopkinson of $17,000.
Further, Bourne was also accused of robbing Adrian McKenzie of an XR motorcycle valued $435,000 on July 19 while in the vicinity of Vlissengen Road, Georgetown. He denied all the charges when they were read to him.
He was remanded to prison until August 27.
Bourne along with his alleged accomplice, a former policeman, Elton Haynes, were acquitted in March of 2018 for the murder of a Whim Village, Berbice businessman, Winston Ragnauth, during the commission of a robbery in 2012.
Haynes was subsequently arrested after the incident and reportedly gave a statement to the Police relaying the identities of the persons who were involved and the sequence of events that transpired during the robbery. Bourne was arrested one year later.
A mixed jury in the High Court, after deliberating for two hours came back with a unanimous verdict of not guilty.
The trial was presided over by Justice Sandil Kissoon.
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