text:
Die Kreidemanier, auch Crayonmanier, Krayonstich, Kreidetechnik oder Pastellstich genannt, ist ein  grafisches Tiefdruckverfahren.

Eines der frühesten erhaltenen Bilder in dieser Technik stammt von Jean-Charles François um 1750, der als der Erfinder dieser Technik gilt. Es handelt sich bei dieser Technik um eine spezielle Ausdrucksform der grafischen Kunst des Rokokos. Gilles Demarteau und Louis-Marin Bonnet nutzten diese Technik ebenfalls bereits in der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts.

Die Druckplatte wird ähnlich wie bei der Radierung mit einem Ätzgrund überzogen. Mit einem Hämmerchen, dessen Oberfläche mit punktförmigen Erhebungen versehen ist, einer so genannten Moulette, werden die Linien der Zeichnung überklopft, so dass die Summe der kleinen Punkte, welche die Platte freilegen den Eindruck eines Kreidestrichs hervorrufen. Weitere Werkzeuge sind das Mattoir und die Roulette, die ebenfalls punktförmige Vertiefungen erzeugen.

Abzüge, die mit dieser Technik hergestellt wurden, sind leicht mit Kreidelithographien zu verwechseln. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigen mit der Kreidemanier hergestellte Grafiken jedoch den für den Tiefdruck typischen Plattenrand.

Die Technik wurde zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts ausgefeilt und für Illustrationen verwendet.

Literatur
 Wolfgang Autenrieth: Neue und alte Techniken der Radierung und Edeldruckverfahren. Vom Hexenmehl und Drachenblut zur Fotopolymerschicht. Tipps, Tricks, Anleitungen und Rezepte aus fünf Jahrhunderten. Ein alchemistisches Werkstattbuch für Radierer. 232 Seiten, 7. Auflage, Krauchenwies 2020, ISBN 978-3-9821765-0-5 (→ Auszüge und Inhaltsverzeichnis online)
 J. B. Janku: Der Farbenstich als Vorläufer des photographischen Dreifarbendruckes, Halle a.d.Saale, 1899
 Johann Heinrich Meynier: Anleitung zur Ätzkunst besonders in Crayon und Tuschmanier nach eigenen praktischen Erfahrungen herausgegeben, Hof, 1804

Weblinks

 Radierung Online - Werkstattbuch über die Techniken der Radierung und der Edeldruckverfahren
 daraus: Crayonmanier und verwandte Techniken
 sowie: Radierwerkzeuge, die für die Crayonmanier verwendet werden

Drucktechnik (Kunst)
Künstlerische Technik
Radierung

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Where in the world is Rob?
It's been over two weeks since I dropped an entry in here. I've actually had a blog entry sitting around waiting for me to finish that tries to define a bunch of terms that I use to describe things in the setup domain. Unfortunately, for the last couple weeks I've been working on blog entries of sorts for my PM at work describing all the code that I'm writing so that he can convert it into a document about the APIs our Testers should be testing. It's hard to come home and continue writing even more English about code or other technical details. So my blogging has languished. Honestly, I'd rather post all of the email I've been sending around internal here but that isn't really an option until Microsoft goes public on all this Dynamic Systems Initiative stuff.
That said if you are attending the Professional Developer's Conference this year then you can get a great overview presentation about the System Definition Model in this session. I found it amazing that the session has already spilled over and required a second showing. I've heard there are only about five sessions that have been that popular thus far. I kept asking if I could be sent to the PDC but have been told many times that I'm more useful in front of a keyboard. So, I guess I'll just have to wait for Bassam's report after the show.


Do you know where AWS' security responsibility ends and yours begins? Try your hand with this quick quiz.
In a traditional data center, an enterprise exercises total control over its facility and assumes full responsibility for infrastructure security and operation. But with the public cloud, that all changes, and now, many users need to grow accustomed to the AWS shared responsibility model.
Public cloud adopters can shed the expense and management burden of traditional IT infrastructure in favor of on-demand, pay-as-you-go services. But they also surrender control and insight into that infrastructure and must trust the provider to ensure availability and security.
While AWS says it can provide secure cloud infrastructure, it cannot guarantee the security of workloads in the cloud. It's a subtle but profound distinction that delineates the separation between providers and users. When you migrate workloads and data to the cloud, it doesn't absolve you of regulatory compliance and corporate governance obligations. The provider can deliver tools and technologies necessary to protect an environment, but it's up to users to implement them to secure workloads and data.
Thus, AWS and its users share security responsibilities. See how much you know about the AWS shared responsibility model and your cloud accountability with this brief quiz.


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AfDB using loans to burden Nigeria, others, World Bank alleges
Osun 2022: Supreme Court dismisses PDP suit challenging Oyetola's eligibility
Arsenal sign midfielder Jorginho from Chelsea
The World Bank has alleged that African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development have contributed in no small measures to the debt problems of Nigeria and other poor nations.
President of World Bank, David Malpass, who disclosed this at a forum in Washington DC, USA, explained that the international financial institutions were lending too fast, ignoring lending standards and transparency.
According to the World Bank chief, these international financial institutions hide terms of debt from citizens of these countries through non-disclosure of agreement.
He said, "We have a situation where other international financial institutions and to some extent development finance institutions as a whole, certainly the official export credit agencies, have a tendency to lend too quickly and to add to the debt problem of the countries."
He said one of the instances was the approval of $1.3 billion, in December, by Asian Development Bank for Pakistan, which included $1 billion for budget support. The bank also approved $300 million for Pakistan to reform its energy sector.
He added that, "And so we have a very real problem of the IFIs themselves adding to the debt burden and, and there's pressure then I think on the IMF to sort through it and look at the best interest for the country.
ALSO READ: Unwilling slaves of China: A legacy of squander
Malpass was worried about the non-disclosure of agreement that often accompanies these loans from international financial institutions. He said there's need for transparency in order for citizens of each country to see the terms of the debt their government agreed to.
He added that in the lending contract, international financial institutions need to improve transparency, eliminate non-disclosure clauses that have hidden liens and contingent liabilities that could hamper economic growth.
Recall that the World Bank had intends to introduce new lending rules by July 1, 2020 as it plans to make about $85 billion in loans and grants available.
The new set of rules will ensure new standards for transparency and require coordination with other multilateral lenders working with the same country.
Meanwhile, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) reported that the nation's total debt rose from N25.70 trillion in March 2019 to N26.14 trillion by the end of September 2019. Quarter on quarter, Nigeria's total debt stock rose by 1.71 per cent or N440 billion.
Despite the rise, the Finance Minister, Zainab Ahmed has continued to state that the debt increase isn't the problem. This has led to the Nigerian government initiating a tax reform, increasing VAT from 5 per cent to 7.5 per cent, in order to mobilise revenue.
Related Topics:African Development Bank (AfDB)Asian Development BankEuropean Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Sowore gets last laugh as FG draws ire of Judge
Food prices drop across major market as local rice flood market
AfDB appoints 3-man panel to review allegations against Adesina
Africa's GDP to fall by $88.3bn due to COVID-19, says AfDB
World Bank has more debt quota in Africa, says AfDB
Elumelu lauds AfDB over disbursement of $2.5m to African entrepreneurs
AfDB moves to boost SMEs, launches digital marketplace
AfDB, partners to tackle infrastructure investment challenges in Africa
Soji Omole
Then let Africa look else where.
Where is the escape route for Africa and Africans?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Another seriously good (and affordable) red wine from Portugal, the douRosa Douro Red Wine from Quinta de la Rosa.
52% Touriga Nacional with the remaining being a field blend of Touriga Franca, Tinta Cao and Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) from the Douro, Portugal. The wine is fermented in stainless steel and does not spend any time in oak. It has just .6 g/L of residual sugar.
Sample submitted for review. The douRosa Douro Red Wine has an SRP of $16 and is available for as low as $12. Imported by Winesellers LTD. 2,500 cases produced.
Dourosa red is an easy drinking wine to be drunk now or within the next five years. It is a versatile wine that can be drunk slightly chilled at (15-16C) accompanied with lighter style food or drunk at a higher temperature (18C) with heavier dishes. This wine is perfect with Italian cuisine, white meat such as chicken or pork and fish.
Today's wine is another in the excellent line-up of Quinta de la Rosa table wines. We were first impressed with this label's white counterpart. We then sampled and absolutely fell in love with the wine that is a step up from today's red, the De La Rosa Douro Red. And with that we come to today's "entry-level" red from Quinta de la Rosa.
The 2015 Quinta de la Rosa douRosa Douro Red Wine begins with a very pleasant aroma of black cherry and spice with plenty of cinnamon and menthol. The wine tastes of rich and juicy tart fruit and good spice and has really nice balance. This is a really enjoyable wine to drink and with great acidity it should do very well with lots of different foods. It ends with very good length — the tart, ripe and rich fruit flavors continue in the mouth for a long time. This may be an "entry-level" wine from Quinta de la Rosa but it tastes anything but!
Ready to buy the douRosa Douro Red Wine? Check your local retailers.
Looking for more of The Best Red Blends Under $20? Check out our giant list!


Levannah - Women's Cream Chiffon Dress with laced corset back detail Ideal for special occasions or for a lovely summer's day stroll. This pretty chiffon dress with beautiful laced up corset detail on the back is a great piece for any sustainable wardrobe.
A floaty neutral toned dress with an adjustable corset backing to it. This piece feels very lightweight and has a sheer texture to it.
Ideal for special occasions or for a lovely summer's day stroll. This pretty chiffon dress with beautiful laced up corset detail on the back is a great piece for any sustainable wardrobe.


text:
Paul Waldman
Election Night Blog
Home Blogs TAP Throwing Franken Under the Bus
Throwing Franken Under the Bus
by Robert Kuttner
As I wrote yesterday, Democrats made a huge mistake of both principle and tactics by throwing former Senator Al Franken under the bus. They hoped that ousting Franken would create a dramatic contrast with the Republicans' indulgence of Roy Moore.
But Moore continues to deny that he did anything wrong. Who thinks the ouster of Franken will change one vote in the actual Alabama Senate race?
It would have been much fairer, as well as smarter politics, to allow the ethics investigation to play out, and insist that similar scrutiny be applied to both Moore and to the sexual predator-in-chief who sits in the Oval Office. As David Axelrod recently noted in a tweet, "Strange principle is emerging. If you admit misconduct, you resign. But if you deny it, however compelling or voluminous the testimony against you, you continue in office—or onto office—with impunity."
The move to force Franken to resign is also hailed as an embrace of zero-tolerance. "I think when we start having to talk about the differences between sexual assault and sexual harassment and unwanted groping you are having the wrong conversation," Gillibrand said Wednesday at a conference. "You need to draw a line in the sand and say none of it is OK. None of it is acceptable."
This strikes me as dangerous nonsense. Just as there is a difference between armed robbery and shoplifting, there is a difference between rape and an unwanted pat on the butt. All are illegal or improper, but Roy Moore's alleged child abuse and Franken's bouts of misdemeanor misconduct are not in the same moral universe. Plus—whatever happened to due process?
This season marks the beginning of a long overdue reckoning of male sexual harassment and abuse of women. It doesn't mark the end of shades of gray, or innocent until proven guilty. Right now, Republican stonewallers and sexual predators are having a good laugh at the Democrats' expense.
Blog: ON TAP
Robert Kuttner
Robert Kuttner is co-founder and co-editor of The American Prospect, and professor at Brandeis University's Heller School.
Read more by Robert Kuttner
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From discrete English Gentleman bookmaker, to head of the World's leading independent sports betting and gaming group in just three years.
That in essence is the Victor Chandler story so far. And the story is far from over.
It takes a certain kind of man to achieve that. It started when Victor, who was then a credit bookmaker with a small but very select group of wealthy clients, spotted an opportunity to offer tax-free betting from outside the United Kingdom.
The Victor Chandler Group may be a different entity from the London-based business that started in the 1940s. But it's worth remembering that placing a bet is an act of trust. Worth remembering because, in the 25 years or more since Victor Chandler took over the family business, he has established a reputation for honour, integrity and for having virtually no upper limit on the bets that he will lay.
It is these qualities that have gained him a reputation as the Gentleman Bookmaker.
Victor is the grandson of Victor Chandler senior, who founded the original company in 1946.
The family built Walthamstow Greyhound Stadium and then Victor's father built the business into a chain of some 40 betting shops around the UK before leaving his son with a controlling interest and legacy of one of the finest reputations in the industry. His company was voted Bookmaker of the Year in 1969. He died young in 1975, leaving the entire company to his family.
Since then, Victor has developed the business further, selling off the original shops and establishing the company as a global telephone and online operation with offices in London, Hong Kong and Gibraltar. He has, however, never lost sight of the values that first – and still – set the company apart: customer service, discretion and financial stability.
Victor Chandler International is now widely regarded as the world's leading independent bookmaking and gaming group of companies.


Outdoor paraphernalia has a tendency to accumulate over time as essentials such as lawnmowers, barbecues, bikes, tools, paint pots, kiddy toys, etc gradually build up in number due to increase in a family's needs which generally does not go hand in hand with increase in the size of the house. The solution to the proper storage of these items rather than having them all litter up the backyard and take up precious garage space is to invest in and install a good quality outdoor garden shed, keeping these tips in mind.
1) Things generally have a faster rate of accumulation than discard, so keep these trends in mind while choosing the size of the shed that should steer towards larger than your current demand while fitting in the available space and fitted with additional shelves to utilize space effectively.
2) Low lying areas that act as accumulation grounds for any excess ground water and spill off should be avoided.
3) The most preferable type of site to install a garden shed is flat and level, where this is not possible a floor framing kit should be used to mimic the flat ground.
4) Give a wide clearance for the entry point and allocate empty space in front of the shed for easy putting in and removal of storage items without too much effort and to avoid any damage to the shed.
5) Visual impact of the shed is important, choose the site in accordance with the design ideology and visibility of the shed, and use appealing colours that gel well with other colours on the site such as the surrounding house, land, trees, etc.
6) Pay heed to local regulations and byelaws, most areas have set standards pertaining to overall height limitations and building colours as well.
7) Choose a reliable retailer who provides good quality sheds engineered to Irish standards and complying with the legislation related to wind rating, rather than the cheaper Chinese knockoffs that are made of inferior materials.
Rather than opting for larger storage sheds that look huge and ungainly and mar the overall landscape, opt for clever storage solutions in relatively smaller sheds. Floor space is valuable, so restrict its usage to items like bicycles, lawn mowers, etc. Sturdy hooks can be used to hang things of the shed walls, and multiple level shelving units create more stacking options. Choose the right door width and access point that offers easy manoeuvrability for bigger storage items like garden furniture, wheelie bins, etc.
For more handy tips and advice, check out Candssheds.ie, the website of Irelands premier garden and steel sheds supplier, C & S Sheds, and choose from a wide range of sizes of garden sheds available to best suit your house and its surroundings.


Maui Hawaii is a world-class resort destination. Blessed with a warm year-round climate, Maui welcomes tourists from around the globe.
Among Maui's many tourist attractions are some wonderful golf courses, parks, the Haleakala volcano and some of the best beaches in the world.
Snorkeling, fishing, swimming, hiking and golf are popular activities on Maui.
Direct flights are available to the Maui Airport from Canada, Australia, Asia and the US mainland. Many visitors arrive via the Honolulu Airport on the island of Oahu. Inter-island ferries connect Lahaina Maui to the nearby islands of Molokai and Lanai.
Maui has some wonderful first-class resorts and hotels. Popular resort towns on the island include Hana, Lahaina, Kaanapali, Kapalua, Kihei, Makena and Wailea.
For fun and relaxation, make Maui Hawaii your next travel destination!


HHC - CHI Hairstyling/Curling Iron 1"
CHI Hairstyling/Curling Iron 1": Whether you're planning to go straight or curly, the one-inch plates on this CHI ceramic flat iron make it easy to customize your look.
Quick heat-up ensures you're ready to style in no time.
Tourmaline ceramic plates produce silky smooth locks.


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Slim Jim maker ConAgra to cut 1500 jobs and move to Chicago
CNN October 1, 2015 0
ConAgra's headquarters in Omaha will soon be moving to Chicago. ConAgra Foods, the maker of Slim Jims, Peter Pan peanut butter, Orville Redenbacher popcorn and Chef Boyardee, is cutting 1,500 jobs and moving
The 9 most powerful finance companies in America
REUTERS/Rick Wilking Warren Buffett is the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, the most powerful finance company in America. We recently released our list of the 50 most powerful companies in America . To determine
Why Warren Buffett wore football pads
CNN September 27, 2015 0
Warren Buffett suited up on Sunday, and not for a board meeting or investor conference.
America's companies are hoarding $1.4 trillion in cash
Corporate America is stuffing a lot of cash under the mattress. In fact, if they all teamed up, they could buy Apple ( AAPL , Tech30 ) , Facebook ( FB , Tech30
The way billionaire Warren Buffett defines success has nothing to do with money
AP Images "I measure success by how many people love me." Warren Buffett was picking out stocks at 11 years old and had earned the equivalent of $53,000 in today's dollars by the
After jokes, applause at dinner, China's Xi gets down to U.S. business
Thomson Reuters Chinese President Xi Jinping begins talks with a local delegation of officials in Seattle By Michael Martina and Alwyn Scott SEATTLE (Reuters) - A day after wooing Seattle's elite with pop-culture
Bank of America CEO Brian Moynihan wins, gets to keep chairman title
Reuters/Lucy Nicholson Big win for Bank of America. See Also Bank of America's day of reckoning is here One of the biggest pension funds in the US is going after Bank of America
Bank of America CEO Brian Moynihan wins


text:
APPLY NOW FOR 2018 COURSE
Atlantic School for Young Leaders
international creative young leadership course
UWC Atlantic
Creative Leadership Development
Guidelines for applicants
Guidelines for nominators/referees
Atlantic College for Young Leaders (ASfYL) was registered as a charity in early 2014 by a group of Atlantic College graduates. After decades spent working in top academic, managerial, political and development positions globally, this group still feel deeply committed to the ideals and ambitions fostered in them when they were 17 or 18 years old. They resolved to help more young people of a similar age develop their skills to effect positive change while remaining true to the United World College commitment to peace, justice and sustainability.
ASfYL has worked with Critical Engagement to develop and deliver pioneering summer short courses in 2015, 2016 and 2018.
We continue to fundraise with individual and corporate partners, to develop the course content, and to seek young people most likely to benefit from the experience. We have challenged ourselves to create a growing network of people and resources and to support ethical and sustainable young leadership. For 2019 we are working in partnership with UWC Atlantic College to deliver a summer school for up to 49 young people.
© Copyright ASfYL.
Atlantic School for Young Leaders is a registered charity in England and Wales, registration number 1157633.
"enterprising curiosity, undefeatable spirit, tenacity in pursuit"
Kurt Hahn
To run our courses and provide support for Young Leaders doing great work around the world we require funding from like minded individuals and organisations. Please get in contact with us to find out more about partnering or to donate directly, including using GiftAid if in the UK.
ASfYL Facebook
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At The First National Bank of Hugo, trust has been the foundation of our relationship with our customers since our beginning. Because you trust us with your personal information, we are committed to respecting your privacy and safeguarding the information that you share with us. In order to preserve that trust, we pledge to always protect your privacy.
The domain name from which you access the Internet (for example, msn.com if your are connecting from the Microsoft Network).
The internet address of the website from which you linked directly to our site, if any (for example, www.limonchamber.com if you found us using the Limon Chamber of Commerce Website).
The type of web browsing software you are using.
From time to time you may choose to provide us additional information about yourself. For instance, when requesting further information about our services, we need your name, address and other personal information to respond to your request. We will keep any such information provided by you confidential.
We do not share any information with affiliates or third parties.
We may preserve the content of your email, your email address and our response so that we may better serve you. Depending on the content of your email, we may be required by existing laws and regulations to keep this information.
If you send email to us, please remember that email is not secured against interception. If your email contains personal or sensitive information such as account numbers, you may want to consider sending this information via a more secure method.


Everyone loves cheese! And as more and more wacky flavours and new combinations are coming out, the popularity of this beloved dairy product is quickly increasing.
As consumers have more options to choose from it makes it much harder to stand out from the competition, so having attractive labels is practically a requirement these days. One way you can draw attention to your product and make your brand more memorable is with quality, professional labels that complement your product's packaging.
At Soabar, our cheese labels are made from the highest quality materials and inks. All labels are custom printed with whatever artwork or design you choose, helping your business to truly stand out in this ever-growing market.
Whatever shape, size or material you're looking for, we've got plenty of options for your cheese labels.
Our labels are incredibly versatile, making them perfect for a different number of uses, especially for cheese. They can be printed on a variety of materials and configured with variable data, making sure they're the perfect match for your needs.
Using our services, we provide your cheese label solution.


Cover illustration of May 2017 Wired magazine by Cait Opperman, accompanying freelancer Erika Hayasaki's piece on "End Pain Forever"
Erika Hayasaki was an award-winning reporter for the Los Angeles Times when she left the relative security of the newsroom for the feast-or-famine world of freelancing. She has since made her way into some of the nation's top magazines, authored a book and has another in the works, teaches literary journalism at the University of California at Irvine and, with her husband, is raising three children.
Last week, in How to leave the newsroom and kill it as a freelancer, she traced her start-over journey. Her secrets speak more to realism than romance: persistence, patience, perspective and a reliable paycheck from another job. A great family helps, too.
In an occasional series, Storyboard studies the elusive art of the story pitch. We talk to writers and editors about their tips, tricks and pet peeves. This is the second in a two-part conversation with freelancer Erika Hayasaki. The first installment can be found here.
Hayasaki's first pitch was built around the gripping story of a woman and her two children who all suffered from congenital insensitivity to pain – with tragic and life-threatening consequences. The editor liked the topic, but he wanted the story to explore the science of pain through a broader lens that also highlighted the leading current research on the subject. Undeterred, Hayasaki did another round of deep-dive reporting and resubmitted a substantially new pitch that focused on different characters and a genetic mutation that could hold the key to new ways of treating chronic pain.
The annotated pitches: The drafts of Hayasaki's pitches are as she sent them, so not edited for fly-speck points of punctuation or style. Storyboard's questions are in red; Hayasaki's responses in blue. To read the pitches without the annotations, click the "Hide all annotations" button, which you'll find just below the social media buttons in the top right-hand menu, or at the top of your mobile screen.
Will their genes unlock the mysteries of pain—and future treatments—for the rest of us? Do you always include a headline and subhead? I don't always, but I try to. I think it helps because you have to grab an editor's attention and ask them to read a long pitch with everything else they're doing. At this point, how often do you send full pitches as opposed to chatting about ideas with editors or dashing off a quick paragraph? I still do full pitches for the most part. I find editors still want them because they have to sell the editors above them. A pitch should include storytelling elements and explain why the story is important, why you're the person to tell it, and what access you have.
In 1983, an 8-year-old girl named Melissa was admitted to a Tulsa, Oklahoma, psychiatric clinic for self-mutilation. She had ripped away her own flesh on her arms and legs, sometimes to the bone. The psychiatrists were puzzled by her case. Melissa's behavior didn't seem to fit the psychological pattern of children who mutilate themselves. She wasn't depressed, agitated, or obsessive compulsive. She just seemed to have, well, an itch that she couldn't seem to scratch right, according to her. A local pediatrician, Dr. James Coldwell, was called in to treat her. Coldwell decided to run a few tests—skin and nerve biopsies, and he studied her amino acid levels, radiological scans and cells. Digging into her medical history, he discovered that she had broken her right foot at 2. Her mother remembered that incident. Melissa had not seemed too bothered by the injury. At 7, Melissa fractured her left tibia and fibula after falling off a grocery cart. Again, she showed no evidence of feeling pain and no indication that she was overly bothered by the break. Coldwell thought this girl's medical problems didn't seem as much psychiatric, as physical. He continued to treat her for the next decade. At 10, she came in to the emergency room again. This time, she had literally scratched the right side of her nose off. How did you find this story? I was searching through a database of academic papers for the condition of congenital insensitivity. This was the most recent study, there was no coverage of it, and it was super fascinating. I wanted to initially write about one family, but it morphed into something different. What jumped out me were the pictures. You rarely see photos like that in a medical journal, and it put a face to it and the fact that it had gone on for generations. Why did you decide to include photos? I don't think I'd ever done that before, but in this case the photos are what grabbed me and humanized the study for me. The image of someone scratching off her own nose is pretty fascinating.
A pitch should include storytelling elements and explain why the story is important, why you're the person to tell it, and what access you have.
Even with a half-missing nose, Melissa still felt no pain. Instead, she felt "electrical stimulations" throughout her body. Or other times she felt random itching, along with the electrical stimulations, which led her to scratch violently. She didn't know when to stop. Her body just didn't send her warnings like that.
Dr. Coldwell sent her case to doctors at the Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research in St. Louis, Missouri. They came up with a diagnosis. She had a rare genetic disorder called congenital insensitivity to pain, characterized by the inability to feel pain. About two-dozen people around the world are known to have the disorder, which is caused by a gene mutation in either SCN9A or SCN11A encoding. Melissa's mutation was in her SCN11A gene. Congenital insensitivity to pain is a heritable disorder.
Melissa grew up. She had a son, born at only 33 weeks gestation following a car accident. He was 4 pounds, 10 ounces. Her son remained healthy, until he turned 1. He got a spider bite, and scratched it on his neck to the point of ripping his skin off. At 2, he fell from a dresser and fractured his right arm. Like his mom, he didn't seem to feel pain. This made him, of course, more susceptible to accidents. Also like his mom, he didn't know when to stop doing something because something might hurt him. He would sustain 12 more fractures in the next nine years. Doctors ran tests. He also had a mutation in his SCN11A gene. Where did all these details come from? They came from the study and from the pediatrician who treated them.
I wanted to show that there were characters—interesting people who could carry a complicated story. For a longform story, you need to get inside the house and see their day-to-day lives.
Melissa also had a daughter, this time by a different man. Her first child had been born by C-section, but this time she had a natural birth. Melissa says it was her first time feeling something close to pain—but it was nothing like a normal woman's birth experience. She hoped she would not pass on this disorder to another child, but soon realized her daughter would not be so lucky. As a baby, the girl destroyed parts of her lips, fingers, and toes by chewing them off. By 1 1/2 years old, her daughter had sustained five fractures. By 7, she had three more fractures. Like her brother, her inability to feel pain also provided her with an impressive ability to twist her body into contorted positions. Why did you decide to spend so many paragraphs describing Melissa and her children? I wanted to show that there were characters—interesting people who could carry a complicated story. For a longform story, you need to get inside the house and see their day-to-day lives. I hadn't flown there yet, but I had done enough pre-reporting over the phone and based on the study to pull out key details that prove to an editor that there's enough there.
The family became a kind of local freak show in their small town. Mom with a part-missing nose. And her bendy kids who also had awful scars. Dr. Coldwell even helped Melissa get plastic surgery to repair her nose (he worked with the family even though they did not have much money). But Melissa scratched her surgically enhanced nose off, too.
They continue to their lives quietly in rural Oklahoma. Melissa is a stay-at-home mom. Both children are now in their 20s. Her son has a full-time job. Her daughter, however, is too impaired to work. She is homebound. "The story is not finished, of course," Dr. Coldwell says. Melissa's kids could soon have their own kids, and the cycle of a pain-free life, that has actually been quite emotionally painful for all of them, will continue. What research had you done by the time you pitched? I'd read the journal article and gotten access to the doctor. He'd agreed to bring me to the family and had asked whether they were comfortable with that. I had also reached out to some of the pharmaceutical companies to find out about the science they were doing.
There has to be a universal issue that we're all trying to figure out. Without that, the kind of work we do would be very voyeuristic.
The study of people with genes like theirs, however, is anything but quiet in the medical and pharmaceutical research communities. Drug companies in particular believe that the genes of people like Melissa and her two children might help revolutionize the future of pain prevention for all of us. There have been scientific studies of two families in Pakistan, a man in Oregon, and a girl in Georgia who also have this rare painless disorder. There is a multibillion dollar painkiller industry just waiting to unlock the secret drug to end aches, cramps and physical torment, and they are hoping people like Melissa will hold the key. One company, Xenon Pharmaceuticals, is already investing heavily in studying individuals with congenital insensitivity to pain, and is already working toward developing drugs based on such research. Was this part crucial for making the story go beyond just a curiosity? Would it have worked if the pitch was just about this family? It's usually not enough for a magazine to have a strictly character-driven story—their lives have to speak to something larger. Otherwise why should I care? That's what takes narrative writing out of the realm of narrative television, which is just about watching people's crazy lives unfold. There has to be a universal issue that we're all trying to figure out. Without that, the kind of work we do would be very voyeuristic. This piece goes into questions about the nature of pain in our lives. We're looking for pain management in ways that aren't dependent on drugs and that's more important now than ever, but there's also actual research happening around these conditions. As a journalist, I don't think you can say you're going to solve the world's problems. But one editor told me early on in my career that we're trying to part the curtain on humanity. That's part of our fundamental responsibility.
Pain, however uncomfortable or awful, is necessary for our survival. It warns us and protects us. Studies show people with congenital insensitivity to pain face shortened life spans, and the clock is ticking for Melissa and her family. It's not that they might die too early from a disease like cancer or a heart attack. It's more like that wouldn't even notice the pain signals warning them of such dangers in the first place.
Dr. Coldwell is now 85 years old, still practicing as a pediatrician in Oklahoma, still very close to this family (he's now been a part of their lives for three decades). He has agreed to meet with me in person and take me to Melissa's home to meet her family. He is available to do this in the next month or so. Why didn't you talk to the family beforehand? What kind of access had you confirmed? The doctor wanted to be there when I met them for the first time. They were his patients, and he wanted to protect them. He had gotten their approval but wasn't going to unleash me on them until he'd felt me out in person. I have also been in touch with the various genetic, molecular and skeletal scientists who have been working with this family over the last two decades. How many had you talked to? I had emailed all eight scientists on the paper, in addition to others. They didn't all reply, but I definitely reached at least half a dozen. Their paper on Melissa and her kids, "Congenital insensitivity to pain: Fracturing without apparent skeletal pathobiology caused by an autosomal dominant, second mutation in SCN11A encoding voltage-gated sodium channel," appeared in the issue of Bone in March.
I think this would be a fascinating story for Wired, one that merges narrative storytelling around this family and these doctors with current science surrounding pain, genes, drug companies and technology. How did you know this was a good story for Wired? Wired does good science coverage, and the genetic research part fit that. I also had a good relationship with the editor. I'd just written a story for him that was pretty well received, about a woman who had no access to her episodic memory. Is this how long your pitches usually are? My longform pitches tend to be long, probably too long. But I have to show that there are characters and enough there for longform. Wired at the time enforced a shorter pitch length, which is probably good practice for me. What happened after you sent the pitch? My editor was interested in the topic of pain, but he thought the story went beyond this one family. He suggested I widen the lens to "the future of pain" and look at other research going on in the space of pain treatment. He also wanted to report from a pharmaceutical company doing promising R&D. I was discouraged, because I thought this family would be such a good story, but I wanted to find a way to explore the topic. I ended up finding two people who lived close to each other but were on opposite ends of the pain spectrum. It ended up being a good piece, but it started somewhere else entirely.
What was the main shift that happened with this version of the pitch? I had to figure out the most important research going on around pain right now, and it happened to be around a different genetic mutation than the one relevant to the initial family. People who had a lack and abundance of pain shared mutations in this same gene, so you could link people on the extremes. It was a more important story scientifically, but personally I still think Melissa and her family would be a fascinating story.
On a scale of one to ten, how would you rate your pain? Why start with this question addressing the reader directly? That was sort of how I was addressing the editors. It was getting at the question of: Why does this matter for all of us? Yes, there's a person who has extreme pain and one who has none and it's connected, but it's still not enough if you don't have way to connect it to everyone else who has experienced pain. In my initial draft, I think I started with a character, but this gets to the point quicker.
Every day of her life, Pamela Costa feels like her body is on fire. So call that a constant six to ten. The 50-year-old drives her car with piles of ice cubes around her feet. She can't wear socks, sweaters, or long pants, because the slightest sensation of heat burns like hot coals. She has a rare condition called erythromelalgia, or "man-on-fire" disorder. Costa has taken morphine for the last 20 years. She can't function without it, but it doesn't cure the pain. 25 members of her family over three generations have also had man-on-fire syndrome. Two cousins overdosed on pain medications; the family figures it was intentional.
It was getting at the question of: Why does this matter for all of us?
Steven Pete lives just an hour and a half from Costa's in Washington State, but on the very far side of the pain scale—at somewhere near constant zero. As a baby, Pete chewed off his tongue while teething because he didn't feel the pain signals telling him to stop. He has an equally rare condition called congenital insensitivity to pain. You can hammer a nail into his palm and he won't flinch. The damage from a life of injuries has left him with severe arthritis and worn joints and bones. Steven's brother Chris had the same condition, and ended up partially paralyzed from back, bone and joint problems. After doctors told Chris that he would probably spend his life in a wheelchair, he killed himself in 2008. What were the reporting steps you took to develop this second pitch? Stephen Waxman, a scientist at Yale, explained everything to me and connected me to one of the subjects. I was able to connect with other subjects on my own. I had also been arranging interviews with the pharmaceutical company. And I had reached out to the characters: Waxman, Pam and Steven.
In the early 2000s, scientists launched a worldwide search for people like Costa and people like Pete. Researchers had long suspected that sodium channels—pathways inside of cell membranes that allow messages in and out—are involved in pain. But they didn't know which of the body's nine sodium channels to implicate. In 2004, a team of geneticists in Beijing discovered that patients with man-on-fire syndrome have a mutation in a gene called SCN9A, which regulates a particular sodium channel, Nav 1.7. Two years later, a different group of researchers found that people with congenital insensitivity to pain have a mutation on the same gene, affecting the same sodium channel. For scientists, it was an incredibly rare finding—a clear link between loss and gain of function within one gene. The mutations were on the same pathway. People with man-on-fire syndrome have amped-up pain signaling. The volume is always on full blast, and can't be turned down. For people with congenital insensitivity to pain, the system is on mute. Had Pam and Steven been written about before? And what were you hoping to add to existing stories about the topic of pain? Steven and Pam had both been in the media before. The painlessness and the pain had also been written about, but I was able to draw a connection between the two by talking to Waxman. Both stories had been told separately, but no one had told them together as a connected arc. When stories have been done, I always ask: How can you do it in a way that's different or better or brings in research years later that updates things?
For the rest of us, the huge implication of these findings is that it might be possible to stick a volume dial on the human pain scale. Right now, pharmaceutical companies are racing to develop safe drugs that would mimic congenital insensitivity to pain—true pain blockers. These would not dull the pain of inflammation the way current pain medications like ibuprofen or codeine do; or TKTKTK the way addictive opioids do. Is it OK to include a TK in a pitch? I definitely filled in the TK on the draft I sent in! I wouldn't send a TK in a pitch. Last week, Pfizer announced the first results in humans on a new class of pain medications that selectively target the sodium channel Nav1.7, and do not have central side effects. The Pfizer studies were performed on patients with erythromelalgia. Xenon Pharmaceuticals, which has been studying patients with congenital insensitivity to pain, has also reported pain reduction in erythromelalgia patients in clinical trials. But both are banking on the possibility that these drugs will eventually target other kinds of pain as well. "There's no question about it," says Dr. Paul Goldberg, the scientist working on the drugs at Xenon. "We know with zero doubt that when you lose function on 1.7, you lose the ability to perceive pain. It makes sense this is the way the whole industry is going." Had you confirmed access with Xenon? Yes, the initial person I talked to ended up leaving, but I had gotten the OK to come in.
When stories have been done, I always ask: How can you do it in a way that's different or better or brings in research years later that updates things?
Just to bracket the stakes here: Physical pain is pretty much one of the chief downsides of the human condition, and its treatment is an epic public health nightmare that layers pathology on top of pathology (see: opiate addiction, epidemic of; rampant under-treatment of chronic pain; the observed culture-wide tendency to underrate the pain of women and minorities). It's also an immense business ($TK a year). Researchers have been searching for alternatives to pain treatment forever; this is the most promising new avenue yet—and the story of its discovery naturally lends itself to the kind of extreme-case portrait. How important was this zooming out? With most magazines, the nutgraf is so important. Some places you can write for digitally like really good narratives and don't have to have a nutgraf, but magazines usually need the hook. How long did the whole process take, from your initial pitch to a green light? Is it common to have to revise a pitch so drastically? Probably three months from the time I sent the first pitch to the editor to the time it was approved at an editorial meeting. The whole process to publication took about a year. I normally do not have to re-report a whole pitch. Sometimes you have to rework it a bit or answer questions from editors, but this was abnormal. I did it because I thought it was an interesting story, and I wanted to explore it more.


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A Complete Guide to Study at Coventry University
Study Abroad Monday, 09 January 2023 65 Hits
If you have opted to study in the United Kingdom, you have made the right choice. The ample post-study work opportunities make it one of the best study-abroad destinations. Coventry University is an excellent option to study in England, the UK. It is a public research university in the city of Coventry, the larger of the two universities in the town, the latter being the University of Warwick. The university has two primary campuses – one in central Coventry and the other in central London, where Business and Management courses are taught. In addition, its four faculties offer around 300 UG and PG degree programs across various departments and schools.
Do you know the acceptance rate at Coventry University? What are the popular courses offered by the university? Do you know that the university offers several scholarships?
Presently, with an acceptance rate of 32 per cent, the university is home to around 30,000 students from all around the globe. Continue reading to learn more about the courses, eligibility, and admissions at Coventry University.
Coventry University: Highlights
Coventry University: Rankings
Coventry University: UG Courses
Coventry University: PG Courses
Coventry University: Application Intakes
Coventry University: Admission Process
Coventry University Scholarships
Coventry University began its foundations in 1843 with the Coventry School of Design, later renamed the Coventry School of Art. In 1902, the Municipal Art School was renamed as part of the Education Act. It was finally known as the College of Art in 1950. A new college was built to meet the technical training requirements in 1961, known as the Lanchester College of Technology, which later merged with the College of Art and Rugby College of Engineering and Technology to form the Lanchester Polytechnic in 1970. Thirty five years later, it was renamed Coventry Polytechnic, which was changed to Coventry University.
Popular Degrees
MArch, MBA, LLM, MS, MA, BSc Computer Science, BBA, MSc Nursing, BA Management, BEng
Average Course Duration
IELTS 6.0 or equivalent and GMAT 590 and/or equivalent GRE (for PG Courses)
Admission Intakes
Fall, Winter, and Spring
IELTS or equivalent and GMAT and/or GRE (for PG Courses)
Average Course Fees
GBP 16,800 - GBP 19,850 per year
The ARWU, QS, THE, and US News are the top 4 international university-ranking bodies. For 2023, the QS World University Rankings have ranked Coventry University 651-700, while THE has ranked it between 801 and 1000. On the other hand, the US News has ranked it 1080.
Coventry University is best for Mechanical Engineering. Furthermore, it offers 133 prestigious Undergraduate degree programs. Below, we have mentioned the top 10 Coventry University UG Courses gathered from our sources.
Average Annual Tuition Fees (in GBP)
Bachelor of Science (BS) Ethical Hacking and Cyber Security
Bachelor of Arts (BA) International Hospitality and Tourism Management
Bachelor of Science (BS) Biomedical Science or Applied Biomedical Science
Bachelor of Science (BS) Computer Science
Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) Mechanical Engineering
Bachelor of Arts (BA) Global Business Management
Bachelor of Arts (BA) Journalism
Bachelor of Arts (BA) Tourism and Hospitality Management
Coventry University offers 133 prestigious Postgraduates taught and research degree programs. Below, we have mentioned our sources' top 10 Coventry University PG Courses.
Master of Science (MS) Data Science
Master of Arts (MA) Automotive and Transport Design
Master of Science (MS) Global Healthcare Management
IELTS 6.5, GMAT 590, GRE 299
Master of Science (MS) Management
Master of Science (MS) Business Analytics
IELTS 6.5, GRE 299
Master of Science (MS) Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Master of Science (MS) Crowded Places and Public Safety Management
Master of Science (MS) International Business Management
Master of Business Administration (MBA) International Marketing
The admission process for Coventry University is pretty straightforward. There are 3 intakes – Fall, Spring, and Winter. The deadlines are issued for each bracket. The Fall admissions are in September, the Winter admissions are in January, and the Spring enrollments are in May.
You have to follow the following admission process to get admission at Coventry University. Although there can be a few minor changes in them according to the course, most of the steps remain the same. They are given below.
Visit the official website of the university and create an account.
Ensure that you fall under the eligibility criteria.
Fill in all the details and upload the documents.
Pay the application fee and submit your application.
Before you apply for your desired course, you need to meet the eligibility criteria. Therefore, please check the requirements of your program before applying.
Indian students must pass grade XII with at least 65 per cent.
You must meet the English proficiency criteria for your degree program.
You should have a good subject-specific test score, if needed.
Other requirements depend on the chosen degree program.
To apply to Coventry University successfully, you need proper supporting documents. To help you out, we have given a reference list.
Your academic transcripts.
Your English proficiency test scores.
Copy of your current passport.
Your Letter Of Recommendation, LOR for the UK (Professional LOR for PG programs).
Your financial guarantee, portfolio (if applicable).
SOP (PG degrees only).
CV/Resume.
The acceptance rate at Coventry University in England is 32 per cent, meaning that out of 100 applications, only 32 will be selected. For such a low acceptance rate, the competition gets challenging among applicants, so your application needs to be accurate and robust and impress the selection committee on the first evaluation.
Four campus halls are available at Coventry University – Bishop Gate, Godiva Place, Cycle Works, and Single Hall. The monthly living cost can be up to GBP 755, depending on your chosen accommodation type.
Coventry University scholarships are open to overseas students across all departments. These awards and bursaries help international scholars fund their tuition fees partially or entirely. Furthermore, some scholarships also cover living expenses.
Name of Scholarship
Average Amount (in GBP)
Coventry University Sports Scholarship
All students participating in sports, part of the Olympic sports, BUCS sports, or Paralympics
GBP 3000
Phoenix Entrepreneur Award
Belonging to any nation, MSc International Entrepreneurship Course
International Pathways Scholarships
Global year one and Pre-Master's courses for overseas students without meeting direct entry requirements
With 95 per cent of graduates placed after graduating, the career outcome at Coventry University is significantly higher than any other university in England and the UK. In addition, on average, students can earn up to GBP 41,000 per year, which is a high Return On Investment (ROI).
Average Annual Salary (in GBP)
Marketing Engineer
Human Resource Advisor
We hope that this blog gave you detailed information on Coventry University. If you wish to learn more about the cost of living in the UK, scholarships available etc., you can read our blogs on them. You can also contact AECC's expert counsellors for detailed information.
Do you wish to enrol in your desired university and degree program in the United Kingdom? Then, get in touch with AECC. Our experts will ensure that you get selected for your chosen university and course by making the complex admission process smooth and easy. So start your study overseas journey with us.
Contact aecc
Is Coventry University a good university?
Coventry University is indeed a good university, especially for students who wish to pursue Mechanical Engineering.
What is the placement rate at Coventry University?
The placement rate or career outcome at Coventry University is 95%.
What is the minimum IELTS score required for Coventry University?
IELTS 6.0, but some courses may require a higher score.
What is the living expense at Coventry University?
The monthly living cost can be up to GBP 755, depending on your chosen accommodation type.
What is the percentage of international students at Coventry University?
Currently, there are 34.2% of students enrolled at Coventry University.
Complete Guide to Study at Flinders University in Australia
Complete Guide to Study at Brunel University in the United Kingdom
Complete Guide to Study at the University of Essex in the UK
A Complete Guide to Study at La Trobe University in Australia
Complete Guide to Study at University of Surrey in the UK
Complete Guide to Study at Aston University in the UK


Once upon a time, there were really cool homeowners, not unlike yourselves, with a new home in Southern California. The homeowners were extremely excited because this was their first ever home with a California Room! Inviting friends and family over, lounging in the California Room, and simply enjoying the fresh air with company were delights they always dreamed of partaking in.
One afternoon, the homeowners, excited to break in their new California Room, decided to try it out. They grabbed a good book and an ice-cold glass of lemonade and headed outside to get comfortable. But then something happened.
As it turned out, they weren't the only ones excited to lounge in the new California Room. A couple of flies uninvitedly started to join them. Then the angled afternoon sunlight began to beam directly into the room, making the homeowners begin to sweat and wave flies away. This was not at all what they imagined. To make matters worse, they couldn't help but feel uneasy about the fact that any of their neighbors with windows facing the California Room could be watching them. They knew there had to be a solution out there to make their dreams of actually enjoying their California Room a reality. And there was!
These very smart homeowners called us. We assured them that our custom-built Motorized Power Screens were created specifically to bring dreams like theirs to life. They purchased one to perfectly match their home's color palette, and now, at the touch of button, they can lower the Motorized Power Screen and enjoy the shade, bug-prevention, and privacy! Classic Improvement Products saved the day, and these homeowners lived happily ever after.
Call (866) 567-0400 or click here to schedule your measuring appointment today.


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Milwaukee Braves Team History
Move to Milwaukee
The 1948 World Series, which the Braves lost in six games to the Indians, turned out to be the Braves' last hurrah in Boston. Amid four mediocre seasons, attendance steadily dwindled until, on March 13, 1953, Perini, who had recently bought out his original partners, announced he was moving the team to Milwaukee, where the Braves had their top farm club, the Brewers. Milwaukee had long been a possible target for relocation.
World Series Winner 1957
The 1957 World Series featured the defending champions, the New York Yankees (American League), playing against the Milwaukee Braves (National League). After finishing just one game behind the N.L. Champion Brooklyn Dodgers in 1956, the Braves came back in 1957 to win their first pennant since moving from Boston in 1953. The Braves won the Series in seven games, behind Lew Burdette's three complete game victories, and became the first team to win a championship after relocating.
Relocate To Atlanta
Lou Perini sold the Braves to a Chicago-based group led by William Bartholomay after the 1961 season and the ink was barely dry on the deal when Bartholomay started shopping the Braves to a larger television market. Keen to attract them, the fast-growing city of Atlanta, led by Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr., constructed a new $18 million, 52,007-60,606 seat multi-purpose stadium in less than one year, Atlanta Stadium, (later on known as Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium from 1976 until 1996 with its demolition in 1997) which was officially opened in 1965 in hopes of luring an existing Major League Baseball and/or NFL/AFL team. After the city failed to lure the Kansas City A's to Atlanta (the A's would move to Oakland in 1968), the Braves announced their intention to move to Atlanta for the 1965 season. However, an injunction filed in Wisconsin kept the Braves in Milwaukee for one final year. In 1966, the Braves completed the move to Atlanta.
Braves Primary Logo
Braves Alternate Logo
Then, in 1953, the team moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and became the Milwaukee Braves, followed by the final move to Atlanta in 1966.
Boston – Milwaukee – Atlanta
2000 – Present / Major League Baseball
1883 – 1999 / National League
1966 – Present / Atlanta Braves
1953 – 1965 / Milwaukee Braves
1941 – 1952 / Boston Braves
1936 – 1940 / Boston Bees
1911 / Boston Rustlers
1907 – 1910 / Boston Doves
1883 – 1906 / Boston Beaneaters
Braves – The "Braves" name originated back in Boston in 1912. See the Boston Braves for the origin of the nickname.
World Series 1
2017 – Present / SunTrust Park
1997 – 2016 / Turner Field
1976 – 1996 / Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium
1966 – 1976 / Atlanta Stadium
*Milwaukee*
1953 – 1965 / Milwaukee County Stadium
*Boston*
1915 – 1952 / Braves Field
1936 – 1941 / National League Park
1914 – 1915 / Fenway Park
1894 – 1914 / South End Grounds
1894 / Congress Street Grounds
2007 – Present / Liberty Media Corporation
1996 – 2007 / Time Warner
1976 – 1996 / Ted Turner
1962 – 1976 / William Bartholomay
1944 – 1962 / Lou Perini
1935 – 1945 / Bob Quinn
1922 – 1935 / Emil Fuchs
1919 – 1922 / George W. Grant
1915 – 1918 / Percy Haughton
1912 – 1915 / James Gaffney
1911 / William Hepburn Russell
1909 – 1910 / John Dovey
1907 – 1909 / George & John Dovey
1883 – 1909 / Arthur Soden
Who is the greatest Milwaukee Braves?
Phil Niekro
Red Schoendienst
"Saucy" Eddy Walker
3 Dale Murphy
6 Bobby Cox
10 Chipper Jones
21 Warren Spahn
29 John Smoltz
31 Greg Maddux
35 Phil Niekro
41 Eddie Matthews
42 Jackie Robinson
44 Hank Aaron
47 Tom Glavine
1988 – Present / Homer
1971 – 1979 / Rally
Braves History Comments
In 1953, the team moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and became the Milwaukee Braves.
Boston Bees
Boston Rustlers
Boston Doves
Boston Beaneaters
Boston Americans
Chicago Orphans
Chicago White Stockings
Cincinnati Redlegs
Cincinnati Red Stockings
Cleveland Naps
Cleveland Blues
Houston Colt 45's
Brooklyn Robins
Brooklyn Superbas
New York Highlanders
New York Gothams


'With God on our side who can be against us,' insists our second reading. Really? At times every human heart queries if this is true. When we are overwhelmed by suffering, in what ever form it comes to us, we tend to become angry with God and feel that he has let us down.
And then, as it were to awaken our faith, we read today's psalm which is a prayer of thanksgiving uttered by someone who has been saved by God from a desperate, life-threatening situation. In a time of great anguish, the psalmist did not lose faith in God. In spite of everything, the sacred writer trusted.
Abraham had to make a similar act of faith in God in the midst of his turmoil. God had asked him to sacrifice his son, Isaac, whom he loved deeply. Though filled with grief and confusion, Abraham set about to obey God. His trust in God proved sound as God intervened to save Isaac.
Abraham and Jesus both learned to entrust everything into the hands of God the Father, even when this appeared to lead to the end of everything they had hoped for.
Jesus' disciples also experienced confusion and despair when Jesus was crucified. Some time before, in the episode of the Transfiguration, the Father had urged them to listen to Jesus, to trust him and believe in him, whatever happens. This advice was to prove well founded though they did go through their moments of despair when they felt all was lost.
If we are to trust in God and His love for us, then we too must learn to let go of our certainties and our insistence on having things our own way. God in Jesus would have us understand that he is with us in every moment of our lives and each moment, whether at the top of the mountain or in Gethsemane, is sacred.
When we trust in God even the worst news becomes part of the good news. Life has many loose ends, many that are hard to understand and even more difficult to endure. We may never be able to tie up these loose ends, but they will ultimately make sense because of our trust in God. It is only in eternity that we will fully understand what God was about. It is then that He will crown our trust in ways beyond our imagining.


The project locates in Tuanjiehu Community, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The community has been realised since 1980s, and all of the public facilities need to be renewed. After carefully investigating the current situation, we classify the existing public space and public interface, then propose a systematic processing strategy to upgrade the main interface and important places for community activities. Repetitive unit of rod pieces are introduced during the design to combine the public function such as leisure bench and bike storage, bright-color soft floor material is also able to indicate the identity of children's playground. The project aims to upgrade the community environment and public space usage by micro-design processes.


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Traffic Signals, Wembley
Oral Answers to Questions — Roads – in the House of Commons at 12:00 am on 25th March 1959.
Mr Ronald Russell , Wembley South 12:00 am, 25th March 1959
asked the Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation what plans he has for installing traffic signals at the junction of Harrow Road, Wembley, with Bridgewater Road and District Road.
(Citation: HC Deb, 25 March 1959, c1320)
Sir Richard Nugent , Guildford
We have received no proposals from Middlesex County Council, which is the highway authority, for signal control at this junction, and I understand that it does not think traffic signals are likely to prove a satisfactory solution. It has, however, a scheme for a roundabout, to be put in hand when funds are available.
Mr Ronald Russell , Wembley South
Would not my hon. Friend agree that roundabouts eventually get so clogged with traffic that they have to be replaced by traffic lights in any road where there is great congestion of traffic? Will he have this matter investigated to see whether traffic lights can be installed as they are just outside Buckingham Palace at the Buckingham Palace Road-Birdcage Walk junction, where a similar problem arises?
There are some complex traffic turning movements at this junction. I think we can leave it to Middlesex County Council to deal with the matter adequately.


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Enemies at the gates
Posted by Dan Bindman, associate editor, Legal Futures
Will entity regulation lead to a charge by solicitors?
The recent debate on the Bar Standards Board's (BSB) plans to regulate advocacy-focused business structures – entities – pitted Bar Council old-timers against BSB modernists, and it was the latter who came out on top.
It was quite a spectacle: two "ageing radicals" arguing a "'small c' conservative" position (their description) – former Bar Council chairman Stephen Hockman QC and HH Judge Owen Davies – in one corner and BSB barrister member Patricia Robertson QC, backed by the board's director, Dr Vanessa Davies, in the other.
On the face of it the motion was bland enough – that BSB-regulated entities "were unlikely to benefit the administration of justice in the 21st century". But it soon became clear that what its proposers actually meant by this was "entities will open the door to solicitors flooding (and eventually taking over) the Bar's institutions and that by inviting solicitor-advocates into its regulatory 'tent', the BSB will weaken the distinctiveness of the barristers' offering".
The debate which followed was essentially an argument over which side's position would best preserve the Bar in the face of market competition and other existential threats, since neither side disputed that the Bar's survival was integral to an effective administration of justice.
Both platforms also agreed that being advocacy specialists was the barristers' 'unique selling point' and that any attempt to compete with solicitors for legal market territory involving acquiring infrastructure – "paralegals and photocopiers" as Ms Robertson put it – was doomed.
On the other hand, the BSB argued that giving barristers the right to conduct litigation was necessary to put them on a level footing; a modest, if belated, response perhaps to the advance of several thousands of solicitor-advocates deep into the Bar's traditional territory.
By pitching itself as the specialist regulator of all advocates in opposition to the Solicitors Regulation Authority – a "multi-purpose" regulator – the BSB cast itself as the Bar's saviour. The attraction for the Bar in an expanded BSB, goes the argument, is the maintenance of advocacy as a discrete and exalted arm of the justice system and – no doubt in some barristers' eyes – an opportunity to preserve their pre-eminence within it.
So why such trenchant opposition? Part of the reason is irritation that the BSB changed its mind between 2009 and 2011 over the number of barristers required to set up an entity under its regulatory regime; a majority of barrister owner-managers was thought necessary in 2009 but under the current plans a majority must simply have higher rights of audience – potentially "one barrister and 99 solicitors", as Mr Hockman characterised it.
Another explanation for the depth of criticism is real concern that the cherished independence of the self-employed Bar will inevitably be compromised if its members join entities, whatever regulatory safeguards might be put in place to protect it. A refrain of the 'no to entities' platform was that conflicts of interest would become more frequent once barristers were linked to one another within entities under contract. Even where formal conflicts do not exist, peer pressure not to upset valued clients will be equally pernicious, they argued.
In opposing the motion, Ms Robertson was candid that the alternative to a "big tent" option for advocates is the likelihood that barristers will switch across to SRA-regulated business structures en masse, potentially leaving the Bar (and therefore, of course, the BSB) to wither and die.
She also stressed, by way of reassurance to the sceptics, that the BSB's entities will be limited in the sense that there will be no external owners and advocates will still not be able to handle client money.
There was something poignant about seeing two lawyers in the upper reaches of their profession trying desperately to preserve its format for the next generation, even though arguably the game is already lost. Much of their fire was directed at the government and its predecessor for – in Judge Davies' words – treating "the provision of legal services as [just] another aspect of commercial activity". The BSB was caught in this barrage, but on most of the fundamentals the two sides agreed.
As Legal Futures has observed before, it is hard to imagine another professional regulator identify itself publicly so closely with the commercial survival of those whom it regulates. The BSB's debating success probably had a lot to do with the performance of a successful commercial silk (Ms Robertson), who passionately defended the qualities that the motion's proposers also hold dear – professional independence, fearless advocacy, the cab rank principle, access to justice and so on.
It also helps the BSB cause that barristers broadly agree on the external threats, which include contracting for publicly-funded work, a reduced legal aid pot, fewer opportunities for the junior Bar to learn its trade, the shortage of pupillages, and the high cost of legal education.
To some extent the underlying debate is a generational one. Whereas many barristers who entered a referral profession in another era understandably yearn for a return to the certainties – and security – of the past, perhaps the younger ones, especially those just embarking on a career in advocacy, want the option of competing for work in associations that offer greater flexibility and lower risk than the chambers model.
Right or wrong, the BSB is at least appearing to offer barristers "vision" and talking up the "opportunities" presented by the Legal Services Act. And as Ms Robertson pointed out, if entities are proved to be useless or unnecessary, all that barristers will have risked is a small premium on their practising certificates. But if history shows the BSB to have been far-sighted in lifting some of the constraints on barristers competing, it will have the satisfaction of taking credit for the Bar's (and its own) survival.
bar standards board
entity regulation
solicitor-advocates
Patricia Robertson says:
Glad to see this being picked up, since the wider debate on where next is an important one. However, there's a suggestion here that the BSB's thinking on this is driven by concerns, more apt for the representative side, relating solely to the commercial survival of those whom it regulates. That's a mischaracterisation. The BSB's stance is that it is in the public interest that there should continue to be a cadre of specialised and skilled advocates regulated by an equally specialised regulator who, for example, understands the centrality of the duty owed by an advocate to the court. That's why the survival of the Bar and the survival of the BSB is not just a trade union matter but ought to be of interest to people other than barristers themselves. I kicked off the debate on the BSB side by talking about the shaming fact that too many people are priced out of justice. With these proposed reforms, the Bar has the chance to develop ways of delivering combined advocacy and litigation services that meet the needs of those people, by doing away with the artificial constraints that stop direct access barristers from actually issuing the writ or application (which they have drafted and will be arguing in Court). Equally, in the modern world what should matter is that you want to focus on delivering advocacy services, within a business structure of the sort we are able to regulate, not how you originally qualified. To those who doubt the direction of travel, I pointed out that if barristers do vote with their feet because we have not allowed them to form entities under our wing, that could undermine the future of specialist regulation for these services, and that if on the other hand no one wants to form entities, the difficulties envisaged by the conservative camp will never materialise. The driver for all this, therefore, is what is in the public interest, broadening access to justice and safeguarding standards. But, if those who predict that entities are needed in order for barristers to meet some of the current challenges are proved right, the changes will also liberate barristers to make that choice, if they feel it to be commercially right for them. We ought not to constrain such choices unless there are good regulatory reasons for doing so.
Innovating an outdated criminal justice system
A carol for Christmas
Never look a gift horse in the mouth