A list of free and paid courses, diploma courses, certification courses, short video courses, and more!
Looking for online graphic design courses? This post is for you. Read on!
In the era of unlimited information available online, the opportunity for people to follow their dream career no matter of their location in the world is just more accessible than ever. If your dream is to become a graphic designer and/or master your skills in this professional field without being restricted by physical boundaries, then you've landed just on the right place.
In this rich selection of online graphic design courses, you will find free and paid options, diploma courses and certification courses, short video courses and even more options for online graphic design courses that will give you the knowledge needed to kick-start your career as a graphic designer. Let's begin!
Established in 2008, The Graphic Design School is the first of its kind that offers solely online education in the field of graphic design. The school's courses are with flexible schedules and pathways which means students can take them from any location.
The educators are designers themselves and fully ready to share their experience and guidance through a cognitive approach. They will also introduce you to the idea of keeping a visual journal which can play the role of a portfolio at a later stage.
Users of all levels can enroll in these courses gaining access not only to the course itself but to their own student website – the Schoolyard. In this site, students can access an e-library, training videos, and a forum. Even if you opt for the Intensive Foundation Course, you can upgrade to Certificate IV later. The upgrade includes a 12th module and 5 more assessments (a total of 20-50 hours more).
Situated in San Francisco, the Academy of Art University has been offering online education for over 16 years. The innovative approach of this university provides students with a unique online learning experience thanks to an array of online tools specifically developed for the needs of their students. Such a tool is their custom-designed Learning Management System which allows you to upload your work and share it with your class and instructors.
The online education at Academy of Art University provides a great collaborative space where students can chat, make relations, exchange experience, give and receive feedback and more. The Online Graphic Design Degree program provides all the necessary materials for you to study: videos, slideshows, documents, interviews, live streams. And you can study at your own pace.
Information about admission, curriculum, pricing, and financial aid is available upon request.
IACT is a certified training center based in Ireland. The academy offers certified individual courses and diploma courses recognized internationally. Among the various computer studies provided by IACT, you will find graphic design courses and graphic design master diploma course which can be taken fully online.
No prior knowledge of Adobe products is necessary – the courses are suitable for users of all levels. At the end of each course, you receive accredited CPD Certification. Paid subscription for all courses is available (excluding Diploma courses).
Animation and video output for social media and digital designs.
Design principles of layout design.
Creating maps, plans, and point of sale signage.
Internationally recognized accreditation. You receive an IACT Master Certification.
Coursera is one of the most popular platforms providing MOOCs by reputable universities and colleges from across the globe. Regarding graphic design, the platform offers a great specialization by The California Institute of the Arts consisting of several courses on key graphic design topics.
The provider of this specialization – The California Institute of the Arts is also known as CalArts and is a top college in the United States. The educational institution is among the leading ones in the field of visual and performing arts. Here are a few details about the graphic design specialization CalArts provides on the Coursera platform.
Includes 5 courses. Each can be taken separately.
Free audit access to all 5 courses – you can read and view all content for free.
Approximate completion time of all 5 courses: 6 months (3 hrs/week).
The course is self-paced. You can pause the course whenever you like.
Basic knowledge of Adobe In Design, Illustrator, and Photoshop is needed in order to complete assignments.
To earn a certificate, you will have to finish all 5 courses and complete a hands-on project based on a real-life challenge.
Use of scale, weight, direction, texture, and space in a composition.
Designing a full-scale typographic poster.
Making of image-based design choices.
Shaw Academy is an educational company providing fully online and accredited courses in different fields. The mission of the Academy is to provide personalized and interactive education while delivering engaging, relevant and up-to-date content.
In the field of graphic design, Shaw Academy offers a Professional Diploma course with EQF accreditation and global recognition. This means that at the end of this course and upon finishing all course assignments successfully, you receive an EQF Level 5 Professional Certification.
Shaw Academy offers a paid membership which gives you access to all courses, although it is recommended to take one course at a time. At a pace of 2 lessons per week, you should finish your course for about 4 months.
[/column] Udemy is one of the most famous platforms for online learning that offers courses on a wide range of topics. The education platform has acquired a system based on ratings and reviews to help users choose the best courses for their needs. The courses themselves are prepared by independent educators and priced individually depending on their topic, length, and of course – the rating of the lecturer himself/herself.
Udemy offers many courses in the graphic design field, most of which are quite affordable. Moreover, Udemy often offers promo codes for significant discounts and sales that save you up to 90% of the course price.
The variety of graphic design courses on Udemy is big: there are courses on broader and narrower subjects. Here are several picks that will help you get started in graphic design even if you have no previous experience.
This theory course is aimed to give you an intermediate to an expert level of understanding the graphic design theory and processes. If you decide to follow along with the video lectures, you will need to have access to Adobe Photoshop CC and Canva. Even if you don't, you will still find the course useful, as it is focused on the fundamentals of graphic design.
A project-based learning course that will give you the practical knowledge, skills, and some hack (like program shortcuts) needed to create some of the most important graphic design work such as custom logos, business cards, brochures, web graphics and more.
The course requires that you have access to Adobe Photoshop, InDesign, and Illustrator. However, previous experience in graphic design field is not required. Once enrolled, you also get access to a private Facebook group where you and fellow learners can exchange feedback and experience.
When you purchase this course, you receive lifetime access to all lectures included, as well as access to 10 downloadable files which you can use for educational purposes.
By the end of this course, you will be able to create an entire brand package covering the design of all marketing materials that go with it. The course is updated frequently with fresh lessons and projects, so it keeps up to date with the fast-paced change of graphic design trends and modern techniques. By enrolling, you get lifetime access to the lessons and access to 6 downloadable resources.
A course dedicated to design principles and concepts suitable for everyone who is building a career in graphic design. This course covers interesting insight and crucial rules about design which every graphic designer have to know and apply.
The course is ever evolving with new tutorials and lessons. This means you won't receive certification for completing it but instead, timely and regularly updated information about tricks and techniques in the graphic design field.
A short course defining the importance of brand strategy from a designer's perspective. From this course, you will learn how to create a brand design identity in the long term. The course will help you understand the importance of the core factors of a brand (purpose, mission, target audience, position on the market, etc.) and their influence in creating the brand design.
Kadenze is an online learning platform which partners with leading global educational institutions in order to provide quality courses in the art and creative technology fields.
There are a lot of courses on Kadenze which are free for enrollment and view-only access: you can watch the lectures and read the discussing but you can't participate. If you become a premium member, you will be given full access to all functionalities of the platform, as well as exclusive lessons included in the course. As a premium member, you are also entitled to certification for each completed course.
Moreover, on Kadenze courses are either scheduled which means you have to follow a strict schedule once enrolled, and adaptive which basically means they are self-paced.
An exclusive course which is a part of The Complete Typographer learning program. The course focuses on the role of typefaces, as well as how to choose the right typeface and mix different typefaces for a design project.
As a part of The Complete Typographer program by School of Visual Arts, the course is currently available upon purchase of the whole program and suitable for intermediate users.
Creative Live is a learning platform providing online classes in creative fields like art and design, photo and video, music, crafts, and more. The educational platform works with over 650 instructors from all over the world providing classes in their specific fields of expertise.
Regarding graphic design, you will find classes on narrower or broader topics, topics covering the design essentials (color, typography, lettering, etc.), the different fields of visual design (graphic, logo, UX, web, etc.), and even classes devoted to specific software (Illustrator, InDesign, Photoshop).
Are You a Type Criminal?
On the learning platform Envato Tuts, you will find over 1200 video courses on all kinds of subjects in the fields of graphic design and illustration, web design, code, photo and video, and more. All courses allow you to learn at your own pace and follow your own learning path.
The video courses are focused on practical learning and are organized into chapters. You can gain access to all video courses by subscribing for $ 16.50/month. A subscription to Envato Tuts+ actually gives you access to Envato Elements, as well.
Skillshare is an online learning platform whose classes are not only focused on giving information but also on doing. Each class on Skillshare has a practical project that lets you instantly apply the skills you just learned. Moreover, you can collaborate and communicate with Skillshare community.
A highly popular beginners Photoshop course led by an Adobe Certified Instructor (ACI). This course includes 87 videos covering all kinds of tools and tricks that will turn you from a beginner into a master of creating compositions with Adobe Photoshop.
You will acquire great masking skills, learn how to make interactive type, how to retouch photographs, how to distort, transform and manipulate images, how to create amazing graphics from scratch, and many more skills.
A course suitable for intermediate users in graphic design. This class will teach you the full graphic design course you should follow when creating a brand identity for a company.
Consisting of 45 videos in total, this course covers skills like creating a logo, creating package design, stationery design, ad design, T-shirt design.
You will also learn Adobe Xd from the basics – how to create a web layout and working wireframe in the software, and many more skills.
Of course is an online marketplace providing video courses led by accredited experts in different professional fields. The platform offers over 1000 courses on various topics subjects – perfect for beginners, as well as intermediate users who want to master their skills.
After finishing each course, you get a Certificate for completion. Let's see a couple of courses in the graphic design area.
Alison is an online learning platform providing completely free courses available for everyone to enroll and complete. A course is considered completed once you achieve a result of at least 80% of all course assessments.
On Alison, you can enroll in courses in various fields including graphic design. If you'd like to receive a Certificate, there are 3 options available for purchase: digital, print, and framed.
A free theoretic course in graphic design which introduces the fundamental graphic design elements (line, shape, form, texture), as well as graphic design principles (composition, balance, contrast, hierarchy). Perfectly suitable for beginners and a good start for everyone who is just starting their career in graphic design.
There are plenty of opportunities out there for graphic design enthusiast who want to level up their skills in this highly demanded professional field. If you've made it till the end, you deserve our congratulations. We definitely believe you've got all it takes to make it into the competitive world of graphic design!
If you'd like to share your thoughts or recommend another online graphic design course you've taken, feel welcome to use the Comments section below.
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While in Skibbereen, termed "ground zero" for the mid-19th century Irish famine, we learned of a donation that the Choctaw Nation of Mississippi sent to the Irish in 1847. The total sum: $170, worth tens of thousands in today's dollars.
The Choctaw Nation were less than 20 years removed from their own horrific experience during America's "Trail of Tears," when Native Americans were forced off their ancestral lands by the U.S. federal government.
We first heard about this donation from our tour guide, Dermott, as he recounted stories of the history of the Great Famine while we toured Cork . Our cousin, Gearoíd, later drove us to a memorial, dedicated last June, commemorating the Choctaw gift.
The memorial is located in Midleton, East Cork and was deeply moving in its size, design, and meaning: 6-meter tall stainless steel feathers arranged in a circle to symbolize the Choctaw, as well as an empty bowl and the hunger of the Irish people during the famine. What a hauntingly beautiful tribute.
So much of this trip has been informing and educational about our Irish history; but this memorial invites us to learn more about our American history as well.


Ocean-bred and NYC-based fashion and lifestyle blog.
As you all know by now, I'm no longer an NYC-resident. So what a perfect time to finally write a dining guide to NYC. Stay tuned for my NYC bucket list coming in the next few weeks. There are 24,000 restaurants in NYC. That doesn't even make sense to me that's such a big number. I used to get so overwhelmed by the choices and panic and then never be able to actually pick a place to go - Cory refers to this as "falling down the Yelp hole." So, to save you the same stress in case you're a psycho like me. Below, are some of my absolute favorite NYC restaurants/bars.
When you think Thai food you think Pad Thai and overly-sweet drunken noodles. Think again. Uncle Boon's is authentic and better than anything else you've ever had. They don't take reservations so put your name in and grab a drink around the block. Best part is it's reasonably priced.
What to get: My fave items are the green curry (Khao Soi Kaa Kai) and the raw scallops (Plaa hoi shenn) and you have to try the ice cream dessert.
Take your hubby and sit at the bar. The best italian you'll ever have. Portions are fair and perfect for 1 person. Get a few things and share.
New American. Sit at the bar and have a cocktail while you wait for a table in the tavern. Or if you're celebrating and feeling fancy, make a reservation 30 days in advance to try their tasting menu.
They have the best ramen in the city IMO. They don't take reservations so put your name in and walk around the block for a drink while you wait. They'll text you when your table is ready.
What to get: the frozen alcoholic slushie and the pork ramen.
Ok, these are top 3 best tacos in NYC but the cutest spot for lunch. Go with the girls, grab a pitcher and get into some tacos.
I'm always looking for new places to try, what's your all-time favorite restaurant in NYC? Let me know in the comments I'd love to check it out.
So today... I am leaving NYC and moving to South Florida. Cory and I are originally from South Florida and I recently received a job offer that we felt like we couldn't refuse so back to Florida we go! When we moved up to New York, we'd always planned to return to Florida one day, knowing we'd want to be closer to our families. And a little over 4 years later, that day has come.
We are so excited to be closer to family and start building roots in a place where we plan to stay long term. I accepted a position at another Advertising Agency and look forward to getting to know my new team there. We're of course sad to leave New York and see that time in our lives come to an end - we've built great careers and friendships here and have loved our time here but felt it was time to return back where it's warmer. It was a very difficult decision to make as we are giving up a part of our lives that we've grown to really love but know that we're exchanging it for another part of our lives that we're excited to build. Plus we'll always have New York.
Sadly though Cory is not coming with me yet. We are still under lease in New York and he is already scheduled to take his Professional Engineer exam there in late-October so he is going to stay through the end of October and then move down to join Oliver & I. So until then, I will be staying at my in-laws and living life a little less settled than I might like. But we grow most when times are tough they say. Luckily however I was able to arrange with my new company that I can work remotely every other Friday so I can go back and forth between NYC frequently while Cory is still there. So lots of long weekends in NYC for a few more months but my primary location will become South Florida.
We're excited and sad and all the emotions that come with a decision like this. We're looking forward to see what South Florida has in store for us. PS - For any Florida readers out there, we haven't lived there in almost 4 years. I'd love your recommendations for things to do and any great bars and restaurants to check out.
If you've been following me for any amount of time, you know how much I love summer. Can you believe it's already the middle of July and we're halfway through this sunny time of year!? Here's how I'm making the most of summer.
Living in the NYC area, there's lots of live music throughout the summer. Jersey City has bands perform every Wednesday night outside on the Grove Street path station. Cory, Oliver and I have made it a recent habit to head down on Wednesdays to sit outside with a glass of wine and listen to whoever is playing this week. It's become one of my favorite nights of the week.
two - happy hour. outside.
Being outside is my favorite thing about the summer. Cocktails outside, on a roof or near the river is another one of my favorite ways to spend summer evenings with friends. Sunday nights Cory and I like to walk to a nearby bar in Jersey City called Lutze. TBH their drinks aren't the greatest but the venue is so cool - it's all outside and on the Hudson River. Another great spot we recently went for my sister's birthday is the roof at the Public Hotel in the LES. It's expensive but worth going for the view, get 1 drink, check it out and head somewhere more reasonable.
We're lucky to live in a building in Jersey City that has a large roof area with room to entertain and lots of space to grill. Have your friends over to hang outside, throw something on the grill & don't forget the s'mores!
I love sitting at the pool or beach and flying through a good book. In the summer, I probably read nearly 1 book per week. I'll be doing a post soon on some of my favorites so far.
Beach day. Pool day. Grab your book, some rosé and don't forget the sunscreen and relax in the sun.
Summer is the perfect time for weekend road trips to the beach or week-long trips to a bucket list destination. We always go to Cory's family's Lake House outside of Knoxville, TN every year. It's one of our favorite trips because the whole family goes - aunts, uncles, cousins, there's usually 15 of us - floating in the lake by day and cooking, sitting by the fire at night.
How are you spending the rest of your summer? Let me know in the comments!
Cory and I are lucky that we've been traveling a lot recently between our honeymoon, a last minute trip home to Florida last week and Boston this weekend that between all of that + the regular 9-5 workweek it becomes hard to find time for each other. Today I'm sharing 5 tips for how we make time even when we're trying to balance work, travel, that NYC hustle & friends.
Cory is my best friend and who I'm closest to. This makes it easy to feel like it's ok to work late, go out with friends and push him to the bottom of the list. But this is exactly why it's not. My favorite part of each day is TiffanyCory time. With our busy lives it's easy to get caught up and miss this. There is 1 weeknight each week that we make a real effort to put the phones and laptops away and spend time just us - whether making dinner, watching our favorite show ( we're currently rewatching New Girl from the beginning) or spending time on our rooftop. Having this 1 night set aside makes it easy to ensure this always happens.
Every field and office is different but the minute you get to that place where "ok, i can leave now" LEAVE! It's so easy to take 1 more meeting, answer 10 more emails or wrap up 1 more project but that 1 more thing can lead to a late night and exhaust you more so by the time you're home you don't want to hang out with your partner you want to go to bed. So.. leave work as soon as you get to that point of "ok, i did what i needed to today." the rest can wait until tomorrow.
Cory loves to cook and it's rare that I join him in the kitchen as cooking tends to overwhelm me. Last night however I was feeling inspired. I'd gone to the grocery store near my office (we just got a Trader Joe's near my office - cue the excitement) and picked up a few things to make for dinner (asparagus, cauliflower rice & salmon), headed home a little early and relaxed on the couch until cory got home. Knowing this was a 30 minute meal as soon as Cory walked in the door I jumped up and started cooking dinner. He was so surprised and delighted that he didn't have to think about dinner! And then we had a sporadic little date night in eating dinner together.
Life is crazy. You're busy taking over the world. You keep a tight schedule. So put date night in that schedule. Cory and I go out for dinner about 2x/month and find that Saturdays are generally better for us after we've had some time to relax and rejuvenate after the workweek. So, like anything else - put date night on your calendar and stick to it! Plus this way you can make a reservation in advance and get into that restaurant you've been wanting to go to.
Sometimes Cory and I will be "spending time together" but I'll be on my laptop or on instagram and he'll be watching sports but that's not quality time together. You need to turn off the technology and just sit together and chat or plan your next trip, watch your favorite show, start a new show, plan your future, dream or whatever it is. Just put the technology away.
Cory and I live right outside of the City in Jersey City. With the proximity to the City there are lots of foodie-friendly restaurants (many of which are BYOB!). Below is a list of some of our favorites.
This used to be a bakery with the best bread! But with rent raising, they had to move. They left the coal burning oven behind and taught the new owners how to use it. The restaurant now offers food in a hip seventies-inspired spot in Hoboken. It's small and always busy so make a reservation or plan to wait. The food is fresh and delicious and the cocktails are inventive. It's such a cute vibe and you can go casual in jeans or dressed up a little. It's one of our favorite nights out for a special occasion. Some of our favorite items include: lasagna edges pasta, the dirty rib eye and the bread pudding! The place is a bakery by day - you have to get the bread pudding!
The Cuban, also in Hoboken, serves authentic Cuban food in a cute restaurant on the main strip in Hoboken (Washington Street). The cocktails are delicious but strong! The first time we went I didn't realize and by the time we left dinner was roaming Hoboken pretty tipsy. Get the paella. You won't regret it. And the empanadas to start.
Ok, the ramen isn't to die for but it's convenient and it's solid ramen right on Grove Street in Jersey City. The bar is open and serves food until midnight or later every night. We love to go and grab a drink around the corner at The Archer while we wait for a table. Then we get the steamed buns and 2 bowls of ramen. You will have leftovers but it's even better the next day. And it's a cool vibe!
Probably my favorite spot for brunch in Hoboken. The churrasco steak will cure even the nastiest hangover and is to die for on any occasion. So is the guava-stuffed french toast - you can ask Guy Fieri. He agrees. Go to the uptown location, it's cuter and has a full bar!
The secret's out. Some of the best pizza in New Jersey, maybe even in NYC depending who you ask. Inventive toppings. Delicious crust & great cocktails! Go but plan to wait. Plenty of places nearby to grab a drink while you wait.


Ben Gleib was named by TBS one of the "funniest comedians working today."
His hilarious hour-long standup special "Ben Gleib - Neurotic Gangster" which debuted on Showtime is currently airing on Amazon Prime.
He's host, writer, and executive producer of the Emmy nominated "Idiotest," the hit comedy brain teaser game show with four seasons and 210 episodes on GSN.
For 7 years he was a round table regular on "Chelsea Lately" on E! with over 100 appearances! He also did a memorable guest star on an episode of the E! scripted series "After Lately."
He has toured sold-out arenas all over North America with both Chelsea Handler and Dane Cook, has been headlining comedy clubs around the globe since 2007, and has performed on "The Late Late Show," "Last Comic Standing," and twice on "Last Call with Carson Daly." He is constantly on tour, and is likely performing soon in a town near you.
He has been guest co-anchor for a week for ABC News digital, from ABC News world headquarters in New York, and did election night 2016 coverage for them. He's been a frequent on-air contributor on CNN, "The Young Turks," and NPR, winning a Golden Mic Award for his work on Southern California NPR "Patt Morrison's Comedy Congress." He created, executive produced, hosted, and was head writer on a spinoff special for GSN called "Political Idiotest," blending his game show with his love of politics. In 2017 he was one of the hosts of social impact news show "ASPIREist" on CNN's Headline News. Unusual gigs for a comedian, another example of why he is one of the most multi-talented comics in the country.
almost 4 million total views. His act is chock full of material, but he's also one of the best improvisers in standup comedy.
An accomplished voice over actor, Gleib is one of the stars of Kevin Smith's "Jay and Silent Bob's Super Groovy Cartoon Movie," is the voice of Marshall the Sloth in "Ice Age: Continental Drift," (the #2 animated movie of all-time internationally,) and voices Dali in "The Book of Life" starring Channing Tatum. His voices have also appeared in "Phineas and Ferb," and youtube series "The Melvin Bros."
In 2007, he starred in the primetime NBC hidden camera comedy series "The Real Wedding Crashers," a show in which he played multiple characters.
His online videos have received more than 25 million views, he has worked for all 4 broadcast TV networks, and many of the major cable networks and digital platforms.
Please NOTE* the floor chart provided is only a visual reference chart and not to be used for specific seating. The colors indicate the general location of the seats you are purchasing in each section.
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text:
Google infringed patents, must pay 1.36 percent of AdWords revenue
January 29, 2014 by editor
Court :Holding company Vringo used old Lycos patents to wrest a win worth many millions.
Vringo is a tiny company that purchased some patents from Lycos, an old search engine, in 2011 and then used those patents to sue Google. In December 2012, Vringo won $30 million in a jury trial, but that was far less than the hundreds of millions it was seeking.
Today, Vringo got the payout it was looking for: a 1.36 percent running royalty on US-based revenue from AdWords, Google's flagship program. US District Judge Raymond Jackson had already ruled last week (PDF) that the AdWords program, which was tweaked by Google after the Vringo verdict, wasn't "colorably different" than the old infringing program. He gave Google and Vringo one last session to hammer out a royalty rate, and when they couldn't, he went ahead and set it (PDF)—at almost exactly the rate Vringo was seeking.
Because some aspects of Google's revenue are opaque, it's impossible to know exactly what Vringo's win would be worth—and the company is a long way from cashing a check. But if the royalty rate were to be upheld on appeal, Google would surely have to pay hundreds of millions of dollars.
Whatever its worth, it will lift the hopes of patent-holding companies around the nation. A 2007 Supreme Court decision makes it almost impossible for so-called "patent trolls" to get an injunction that would knock a product out of commission; in the context of 2014 case law, a solid running royalty is a troll's dream come true. Jackson followed the methodology laid out in an East Texas case in which Yahoo was found to infringe an online advertising patent owned by famed patent troll Acacia.
The math is a little confusing. Today's order sets a royalty rate at 6.5 percent, on a "royalty base" of 20.9 percent, for an overall rate of 1.3585 percent. The royalty base is supposed to calculate what the Vringo-owned patents add to Google's search system.
"My reaction is pretty darn positive," said Jeffrey Sherwood, the lead lawyer on Vringo's trial team. In Vringo's view, the patents describe Google's ad-filtering system, which ranks various possible advertisements against each other in an auction. "They have a huge inventory of ads, and they have to get it down to the few that are the most relevant to their users. These patents describe a way to do it. And our position is, that's the way Google does it."
Jennifer Polse, Google's lead patent lawyer on the Vringo case, said that the company has already appealed the jury verdict and will appeal today's royalty award as well. "We believe strongly in our pending appeal in this matter, and we anticipate seeking Federal Circuit review of today's decision as well," said Polse in an e-mailed statement.
AOL, Gannett, Target, and IAC were named as co-defendants in the lawsuit for their use of AdWords. However, they've been indemnified in this case by Google, which is handling the litigation. Vringo brought the case under the name I/P Engine, a subsidiary it created to hold the two patents it purchased, numbered 6,314,420 and 6,775,664.
Vringo also sued Microsoft over ads in its Bing search engine. Microsoft settled that case in May, agreeing to pay $1 million plus 5 percent of whatever Google ultimately pays.
While publicly-traded Vringo also has a "video ringtone" business, its financial statements describe its business as now being focused on patent assertion. The company has 28 full-time employees, has generated "no significant revenue to date," and had more than $10 million in legal expenses in 2012.
Vringo stock rose 13 percent before trading was reportedly halted.
Redesigned system wasn't different enough
In today's order, Jackson awarded Vringo almost exactly the royalty it wanted. The company's expert argued for a royalty of 5 percent, and Jackson chose to award 4.6 percent. Vringo wanted a 40 percent increase on the rate because Google was found to be a willful infringer, and Jackson agreed that was reasonable. Knocking up 4.6 by 40 percent comes out to 6.44 percent, which the judge rounded up to 6.5.
That's significantly more than the 3.5 percent royalty that the jury suggested, which was "only a starting point in the analysis," wrote Jackson in today's order.
Even though there was no evidence of copying—Vringo admitted as much—a willfulness adjustment was still appropriate, the judge found. "Defendants' misconduct continues presently and Defendants have taken no rememdial action," wrote Jackson. "In fact, they have redesigned a system that clearly replicates the infringing elements of old AdWords."
In last week's order, Jackson said that Vringo had proven infringement of both the old and new AdWords systems. While he didn't go into the details of changes Google made, he did write that all Google had done was apply the "LTV" or "long-term value" score at a different point in the ad-selecting process. It was basically the same: "[I]t is undisputed that new AdWords continues to use a candidate advertisement's LTV score that includes a predicted click-through rate in the process of choosing which advertisement will ultimately be shown to the individual performing the query."
Becker, the Vringo expert who convinced the judge on most points, has testified as a patent damages expert in many cases, including past cases over AdWords. In 2010, he argued that Google should pay patent-holding company Bright Response LLC between $64 million and $128 million, because AdWords infringed its patents, as well. Google won that case. Last year, Becker served as the damages expert for TQP Development, which won a patent trial against Newegg.
Back-of-napkin math on the Vringo win
Google doesn't break out AdWords revenue clearly, but the company made $9.39 billion from "Google-owned sites" in the last quarter. The company will likely make more than $35 billion in 2013 in this area. The majority of that is surely AdWords, since estimates for YouTube range from $3.7 billion to $5.6 billion. Around 55 percent of the company's overall revenue comes from the US.
Accepting those estimates, an extremely rough calculation suggests US AdWords revenue is somewhere in the $15 billion to $18 billion annually. If that's right, it would place the Vringo royalty win somewhere in the realm of $200 million to $250 million annually. The patents expire in 2016, and Google is liable from November 2012, which is the date final judgment was entered after the trial.
And of course, if Google loses, it will owe interest on the whole shebang.
It's all pretty academic at this point; the numbers are clearly high enough that Google is likely to fight this tooth-and-nail through the appeal process, and the parties have agreed to stay earlier judgments until the appeal is resolved.
Still, a royalty award that could potentially push the billion-dollar mark—on old search technology that not even Vringo believes Google actually copied—could become additional fodder in the ongoing patent debates in Congress.
In an interview today, Sherwood emphasized that debates in Congress over "patent trolls" don't apply to Vringo.
"The criticism doesn't relate to cases like this," he said. "There are situations where plaintiffs are filing cases that have no merit and extorting money out of defendants, because it's cheaper to settle. Obviously, in this case, we had a very good federal judge and jury come to the opposite conclusion." Source
Tagged AdWords, google, Vringo
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At 03:25 Tower 15 was dispatched mutual aid along with Company 2 to Kelly Township at River Woods for an automatic fire alarm. The alarm was coming from a HVAC unit on the roof. Truck 2 and Tower 15 put their aerials in service and checked all units on the roof with nothing found while Rescue 2's crew cleared the interior. Units returned approximately 1 hour later. Units responding and on scene: Chief 1501(Stump), Tower 15, Truck 2, Rescue 2, and MICU 2.


We're staying busy pulling weeds, planting flowers and of course, my favorite decorating the front porch and deck. I swear I should have been born wealthy so I wouldn't have to pull weeds! I hate getting dirty and sweaty especially after working all day long.
I did take a few hours off on Tuesday and managed to score some real bargins. I got 2 birdhouses, peg rack, atrium, 2 pillows, 2 watering cans, 2 planters, pair of little rain boots, pewter cake plate and a wooden jewelry box at Good Will for an amazing price of $25 total. The peg rack was already prim so I hung it outside the window on the deck and put the watering cans and some garden tools on it. I'll need to prim up the jewelry box AKA charging station but I think a little black paint, sandpaper and stain will make it exactly what I was looking for to keep my phone, ipod and camera charged up. I also made a trip to Cleveland, GA to visit Hearts and Flowers which is just to die for. I love her store so much but don't get in as often as I'd like but that makes Mark really happy. I went to get some wax melts but I just had to buy a "wasp catcher" that was converted to a lamp and a fly screen to put over the pewter cake plate that I'd scored at GW. But I saved so much on decorations at GW that this trip didn't really cost me anything....that's my story and I'm sticking to it.
And of course lastly, the Bon Jovi concert is exactly 1 week away in Atlanta. I've got friends coming to stay with us so I've got to get the house cleaned before Wednesday. I just can't wait to spend time with all my equally crazy Jovi buddies. We always have a lot of fun when we get together and the concert is just the icing on the cake! In one week, I'll be gazing upon David with my little star struck eyes again and I just can't wait.


The very nature of multinational supply chains demands that companies exchange sensitive information with multiple partners, from disperse locations, many of them several tiers removed from the manufacturer. Their ability to protect data can be highly variable.
Cloud Computing has also brought additional issues to the fore around Data Residency & Sovereignty, as it is the client and not the cloud service provider who has ultimate responsibility for the data. It is important that organisations understand the importance of auditing their Cloud Service Provider and ensuring they are certified in regards to data security.
An in depth report is being produced for November outlining the regulations, how to navigate them and the solutions that you can engage with to achieve full compliance with both the European and National regulations.
The report will also be addressing with the input of organisations such as the Cloud Security Alliance, Information Security Forum and the Institute for IT Law, how you can maintain data security while realising the full benefits that cloud computing can provide to your supply chain operations.
"The emergence of cloud computing as a delivery model for IT Applications and Services is very exciting and is transforming the supply chain and how all trading partners collaborate globally. "Your Supply Chain is Your Data Chain" and how you approach securing your data is key, to realising the full benefits of Cloud while complying with the complex Data Residency & Sovereignty Regulations," states John Connors, CEO of The Supply Chain Cloud.


We had the incredible opportunity, thanks to our awesome friend Jaco, to travel to one of the countries on the top of our list: Egypt! Cairo was hands down one of our most memorable, awe-inspiring, and rewarding trips. As Egypt's capital, Cairo is one of the largest and most populated cities in Africa. With a population of nearly 18 million people, it was quite an experience in many ways. From learning how to cross the street in the city's chaotic traffic, eating traditional dishes, riding camels, to gazing at the incredible sites, we were very blessed to visit many of the attractions Cairo has to offer. A HUGE thank you to all the awesome new friends we've made in Egypt that made sure we had the 100% authentic local experience!
The Pyramids of Giza - For over 4,000 years, the pyramids have been one of the best-known structures on Earth. Visiting the pyramids is easily the biggest highlight of the trip and an obvious must-see for anyone in town. Also be ready for your one-on-one and pucker up for the Great Sphinx of Giza!
+ Go inside Khafre's Pyramid (second largest) instead of Khufu's Pyramid (the largest) as it is much cheaper (100LE vs 25LE) for the same experience.
+ Solar boat museum to see Khufu's ship from 2500 BC that was discovered buried right next to the pyramid!
+ For the photography junkie: To get the Panoramic view of all the pyramids together, you must head up the hill behind the second pyramid (pinned on Google Map guide map below). Strongly suggest either taking a camel or taxi ride up for this amazing view!
+ The camel ride was so much fun - enjoying the incredible view of the Pyramids while riding the camel was an awesome experience.
The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities – Definitely the most overwhelming and incredible museum we've ever been to! With over 120,000 items on display, you will never be able to take it all in. Be sure to hire a guide or prepare with a guide book to know what you want to see beforehand or else you will easily get lost and overwhelmed. You will see artifacts from the Old Kingdom 2575 BC all the way to Greco-Roman Egypt AD 395. Thousands of years of history in one building! Definitely check out King Tut's treasures, the Amarna Room, statues from the pyramids, and the mummy room.
+ Mummy Room is an absolute must when visiting Cairo. Period! It was mind-boggling to see the mummified bodies of the great pharaohs such as Ramesses II because you can still see some hair and identify their faces. Don't stare too long or you might think they'll come back to life like in the Mummy movies!
Cairo Citadel + Muhammad Ali Mosque - A medieval Islamic fortification on a hill in the center of Cairo with beautiful views of the city! You can see the Cairo Tower and even the pyramids in the distance. Feel free to also make a quick visit inside the beautiful Mosque of Muhammad Ali.
Coptic Cairo: A part of Old Cairo which encompasses the Hanging Church and many other Coptic churches and historical sites in the area.
Egypt Railway Station: Easily hop on a train to visit other cities in Egypt like Alexandria (posts coming soon!). The modern design of the station reminded us of the Grand Central station back home in NYC.
Concorde El Salam Hotel Cairo: We had a great stay at this beautiful hotel situated in a quiet and safe part of Heliopolis near where our friends live. The hotel provides complimentary airport shuttle service, which saves you quite a headache. Concorde El Salam was also very convenient with its own foreign currency exchange bank and dining room for buffet breakfasts.
I love the picture of the white lights and columns, so pretty. I think I have to go to Egypt after seeing your photos.
wow these photos are so amazing!!
Wow! Amazing photos! Looks like a trip of a lifetime.
Wow, great photos. Wish I was in your shoes right now. I really want to visit Egypt!
That's amazing....really love the place.
Your photos are stunning beyond belief. Guess I need to add Cairo to my travel bucket list.


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The Capture of Lemnos  took place in October 1912 during the First Balkan War, serving as the opening action between Greek and Ottoman forces in the Aegean Sea. The strategic value of the island of Lemnos had been recognized by Greek naval planners for many years, as it lay at the entrance of the Dardanelles Strait and offered an excellent natural harbour in Mudros Bay. The island was occupied with little resistance from the small Ottoman garrison, which was taken prisoner. Mudros Bay was made into a forward naval base for the Greek navy, enabling it to blockade the Dardanelles and secure naval dominance in the Aegean. This obstructed the movement of Ottoman reinforcements to the front lines, and allowed the capture of the remaining Ottoman-held Aegean islands over the following months. Ceded to Greece in 1914, due to the subsequent outbreak of World War I, the island's status remained disputed, and its annexation to Greece was not confirmed until the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.

Background
The island of Lemnos had been ruled by the Ottoman Empire since 1456, when Sultan Mehmed II captured the domains of the Genoese Gattilusio dynasty in the northeastern Aegean Sea. The population of the island remained predominantly Greek throughout Ottoman rule. French scholar Vital Cuinet, in his 1896 work La Turquie d'Asie, recorded a population of 27,079, of which 2,450 were Muslims and the rest Greek Orthodox.

Already during the Greco-Turkish War of 1897, the Greek government had envisaged the occupation of the northern Aegean Islands, chiefly Lemnos and Imbros, due to their strategic location at the entrance of the Dardanelles Strait. However, despite the superiority of the recently modernized Royal Hellenic Navy over the Ottoman Navy at that time, the Greek naval command hesitated to carry out these tasks, and the rapid defeat of the Greek army on land in Thessaly led to the quick conclusion of the war in a humiliating Greek defeat. In subsequent years, Greek naval strategists such as Konstantinos Dosios (, 'Greece and Sea-Power', 1900) and Periklis Argyropoulos (, 'The Naval Programme of Greece', 1905) pointed out that the task of seizing Lemnos would be of crucial importance in a Greco-Turkish naval war. The importance of Lemnos was also appreciated by Italy, which envisaged occupying it during its own 1911–1912 war with the Ottomans, only to back down due to the vehement opposition of Austria-Hungary.

Nevertheless, when the First Balkan War broke out in October 1912, the wartime anchorage for the Greek fleet was still envisaged to be the port of Oreos in northern Euboea, as in 1897. This was a choice that was fraught with distinct disadvantages for the Greeks: unlike in 1897, the Ottomans' main warships were more modern, faster and powerful than the Greeks'. According to the 1912 Greco-Bulgarian military convention that signalled Greece's entry into the Balkan League against the Ottoman Empire, the Greek fleet undertook the role of assuming dominant control of the Aegean Sea and interrupting Ottoman seaborne communications between Asia Minor and the Balkans. This meant keeping a close watch on the Dardanelles to prevent a sortie of the Ottoman fleet. In that case, a forward anchorage was an absolute necessity, both to allow the Greek patrol ships to recover in the harsh winter conditions of the Aegean, as well as to allow them to be supported in a timely manner by the slower Greek battleship squadron. Mudros Bay in Lemnos satisfied this need.

Capture of Lemnos
At the outbreak of the war, the commander-in-chief of the Greek navy, Rear Admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis, divided the fleet into two: the bulk of the available ships became the Aegean Sea Fleet, under his own command, and the remainder formed a small Ionian Sea Squadron. It was also apparently Koundouriotis, on his own initiative, who selected Lemnos as the forward base for the Greek fleet, instead of Oreos. The Greek Prime Minister, Eleftherios Venizelos, was persuaded by the admiral's suggestion, but insisted on obtaining the consent of the British government for this first.

The Aegean Fleet under Koundouriotis set sail on , followed by the passenger steamer Pineios, carrying two companies of the 20th Infantry Regiment to be used as a landing force. The fleet arrived at the capital of Lemnos, Kastro (Myrina) at 14:00 on the next day, and Koundouriotis issued a demand for the surrender of the island's garrison. The Ottoman forces on the island were small, some thirty men and three officers according to Turkish sources, while Greek sources give 47 men and three officers. The local Ottoman governor, stalling for time, replied that he was unaware of the declaration of war, and requested a 24-hour period to consider his answer.

With the arrival of Pineios on , Kountouriotis moved his ships into Mudros Bay. The Ottomans having failed to respond to the Greek admiral's demands, the Greek forces began landing at 08:00 on  on the western coast of Mudros Bay. The landing, under Major Ioulianos Kontaratos, was unopposed, and was completed in three hours. After that, the Greek troops moved west towards Kastro. The Greeks encountered only minor resistance, by the Ottoman garrison and a group of about 280 armed Muslim inhabitants of the village of Lera (modern Agios Dimitrios). Their resistance was overcome after a brief firefight, as the Ottomans dispersed. The Greeks suffered no casualties. The Greek force arrived at Kastro during the night, taking over control of the city. The Greek flag was raised over the island's capital the next day, . The Ottoman garrison were taken as prisoners of war to Athens.

Aftermath
According to the historian Richard Hall, "The conquest of Lemnos effectively closed the Dardanelles". Mudros became the base for Greek naval operations for the rest of the war. Although an excellent natural harbour, Mudros had no infrastructure of any kind at the time. Although using it as its main anchorage, the Greek fleet had to be provisioned and supplied with coal by ship from Piraeus. Likewise, water was also brought by ship from Thessaloniki. A wireless station was established at the islet of Koumbi, while destroyers permanently patrolled the bay entrance for protection against torpedo boat attacks. Eventually, four  guns, taken from the auxiliary cruisers Esperia and Arkadia, were installed for coastal defence purposes.

Based at Lemnos, the Greeks were able to maintain a close blockade of the Dardanelles, and in two naval battles, at Elli on 16 December 1912 and Lemnos on 18 January 1913, forced the sortieing Ottoman fleet back into the Straits. This cemented Greek control of the Aegean, allowing the Greeks to transport troops and supplies freely, while denying the same to their opponents. Given the incomplete state of the Ottoman rail network, the Greek blockade of the Empire's coasts had a major impact: the Ottoman army's Asian reinforcements were stuck in remote provinces or had to march on foot towards Constantinople, before they could cross into Europe and affect the course of operations there.

Lemnos was also the launching pad for the Greek capture of the Aegean islands of Psara, Imbros, Tenedos, Chios, Lesbos and Samothrace. The fate of these islands was the subject of prolonged diplomatic negotiations, as the Ottomans initially refused to cede them. Finally, in the Treaty of London, the fate of the islands was placed in the hands of the Great Powers, who in the event would cede them to Greece in February 1914, apart from the two closest to the Dardanelles, Imbros and Tenedos. Nevertheless, the Ottoman Empire was not reconciled to their loss, and a naval arms race followed, leading to a crisis in summer 1914 in which a new Greco-Turkish war appeared imminent; the crisis ended only through the outbreak of the First World War. During the First World War, the Entente in turn made use of Mudros Bay as a naval base for the Dardanelles Campaign in 1915. It was thus in the Armistice of Mudros that the Ottoman Empire capitulated to the Entente in 1918. The cession of Lemnos and the other islands to Greece was not finalized  until the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne.

References

Sources

1912 in Greece
Amphibious operations
Lemnos 1912
Lemnos 1912
Lemnos 1912
Lemnos 1912
History of Lemnos
October 1912 events
1912 in the Ottoman Empire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) is conducting environmental scoping as the first step in the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) process for the Buena Vista Lagoon Enhancement Project.
As part of environmental scoping, SANDAG has published a Notice of Preparation and is conducting a 30-day public comment period (learn how to submit comments). At the public meeting scheduled for 6:30 pm on May 9th, the SANDAG project team will provide information about the project and EIR process, and will solicit input on the types of environmental issues, mitigation, and alternatives to address in the EIR.
The Buena Vista Lagoon Enhancement Project includes completing engineering studies and preparing an EIR per the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). A minimum of four alternatives will be evaluated: three enhancement alternatives (freshwater, saltwater, and a saltwater/ freshwater hybrid regime) and a no project alternative. SANDAG is engaging stakeholders and the public in considering alternatives through the EIR process that will run through fall 2014. If the process results in the selection of a preferred enhancement alternative, then SANDAG may lead the implementation of that alternative.
Read the full details on their website.


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Linnie Ruth Creamer
By Staff Writer on December 27, 2012
Mrs. Linnie Ruth Creamer, age 92, of Jasper, Ga., died Wednesday, Dec. 26, 2012 at the Grandview Healthcare Center in Jasper, Ga., following a period of declining health. Born Feb. 23, 1920 in Macon, Ga., she was the daughter of the late John Quincy Adams and Ethel Irene Cowart Adams. She was also preceded in death by her husband, James Hoyt Creamer; two sisters and five brothers. Mrs. Creamer was a homemaker and member of the Calvary Baptist Church in Barnesville, Ga. Survivors include her daughter, Jenelle Creamer of Talking Rock, Ga.; children, Don Carlisle (Mary) of Chattanooga, Tenn., and Sandy Rogerson (Joe) of Barnesville, Ga.; grandchildren and spouses, Lynn and Terry Cantrell of Jasper, Ga., Joyce and Hubert Smith of Jasper, Ga., Alisha Carlisle of Maui, Hawaii, Sunny and Pete Mangrum of Harlowton, Mont., Laura and Paul Adams of Cleveland, Tenn., and John Darden of Barnesville, Ga.; 17 great-grandchildren and one great-great-grandchild; sisters, Margaret Chambliss of Macon, Ga., and Betty Morales of Texas. Numerous nieces and nephews also survive. Funeral services are scheduled for 2 p.m., Saturday, Dec. 29, 2012 at the Roper Funeral Home Chapel. Rev. Josh Cantrell and Rev. Joey Watson will officiate. At her request, Mrs. Creamer's cremains will be reunited with her husband, Hoyt Creamer, 4:30 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 30, 2012 at the Lamar Memory Gardens in Barnesville, Ga. The family will receive friends at Roper Funeral Home, 11 a.m. to 10 p.m. on Friday and until the funeral hour on Saturday. Flowers will be accepted, however the family ask that donations be made in memory of Linnie Ruth Creamer to Feed The Children, P.O. Box 36, Oklahoma City, Okla., 73101. Arrangements and services entrusted to the staff of Roper Funeral Home of Jasper, Ga.
More from ObituariesMore posts in Obituaries »


Lake George, village (1990 est. pop. 1,100), seat of Warren co., E N.Y.; inc. 1903. Situated on the southern tip of Lake George in the foothills of the Adirondack Mts., it has been a popular vacation site since the mid-1800s and is now a year-round tourist and sports center. Vestiges of Fort William Henry, built by Sir William Johnson , and Fort George are in the village. A state underwater preserve, whose sunken wrecks include one dating from the French and Indian War, is located nearby in the lake.


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Tag Archives: John Engler
It's soon time to change our way of speaking
Posted on August 9, 2010 by Douglas J. Levy
As some of us in the news business know, each publication has its own rules in terms of the style used. It can vary from whether a township designation is used on first reference only, to whether a car company's "corporation" or "company" status is used at all.
Well, it looks like the next governor will lay down his own rule in terms of what we're called around here, as the Detroit Free Press reports:
Republican gubernatorial nominee Rick Snyder likes to think of himself as someone who will give Michigan the kind of leadership "where all Michiganders can win together."
In his 10-minute victory speech Tuesday, Snyder referred to "Michiganders" coming together or working together or winning together four times.
In fact, he uses Michigander in almost every stump speech, in answers to questions, on his Web site.
But many fellow citizens think they're Michiganians.
Those include Gov. Jennifer Granholm and at least her two immediate predecessors: John Engler and Jim Blanchard.
Virg Bernero, the Democrat running for governor, hasn't used either term noticeably.
We asked his preference.
"Michigander" was the one-word response from his spokesman.
So, kumbaya, brothers and sisters: Whoever wins, we'll soon all be Michiganders.
Take a breeze through the "Comments" section of the online version of the story, and you'll find one reader who has a suggestion: "I'd prefer to be called EMPLOYED!"
Posted in Governor	| Tagged Jennifer Granholm, Jim Blanchard, John Engler, Politics, rick snyder, Virg Bernero	| Leave a reply
Ingham Circuit Judge Giddings reflects on retirement
Posted on February 18, 2010 by Ed Wesoloski
Judge James Giddings, of the Ingham County Circuit Court, is retiring because he's bumping against the state constitutional age-70 roadblock.
He says it might be time to rethink the age limit for holding judicial office.
In a conversation with Kyle Melinn of the Lansing-based CityPulse, Giddings said he's been on the bench almost 40 years.
Giddings said he still has enough in him to keep going but isn't sure he would have taken another ride on the electoral rollercoaster even without the constitutional barrier.
Realistically, being 70 years old today isn't like being 70 years old back in the 1960s, when the latest draft of the Constitution was written, Giddings noted. People are living longer, more healthy lives. At age 70, Giddings said he could continue doing the job. Maybe at age 75, things would be different, he said. He'll never know.
But if voters this November vote "yes" on Proposal 1 and call for a new constitutional convention to re-write Michigan's guiding document, Giddings would suggest that delegates lift the current cap to more accurately reflect the changing times, be it 75 or 80.
Giddings, who frequently clashed with former governor John Engler, addressed Engler's frequent claims that Giddings was a judicial activist.
"If anyone examined the rulings, they'd know I followed the law," Giddings said. "Give him credit, John Engler was effective. But he used things I ruled on to give him stature with some constituencies."
Engler claimed at the time that Giddings was a "judicial activist." Now, Giddings accurately pointed out, Engler's own judicial appointees, especially at the Supreme Court level, are being painted with the same brush.
Posted in Judges, Michigan Constitution	| Tagged James Giddings, John Engler, Kyle Melinn	| 3 Replies
Mary Beth Kelly criticized as her appointment set to expire
Posted on November 30, 2009 by Brian Frasier
From the Metro Times, several Wayne County judges and departments are apparently displeased with the leadership of Chief Circuit Judge Mary Beth Kelly, whose appointment as Chief Judge expires at the year's end.
Critics of Kelly — who came to the bench as an appointee of Republican Gov. John Engler in 1999 — sometimes characterize her policies as part of an effort by outstate conservatives to control leaders in the more liberal Detroit. They say some of her actions reflect the region's longtime inability to come to terms with racial issues. She's not making the correct, albeit difficult, decisions about how to effectively manage governmental operations with limited dollars, they say. And she should be stopped.
"I say Mary Beth Kelly has got to go," Detroit City Councilwoman Brenda Jones told one gathering held to "learn about the injustices taking place in our court system."
Defenders in the story call her fair-minded and say that her biggest problem is that she "came to power in an unusual way.
Posted in Uncategorized	| Tagged chief judge, Friend of the Court, John Engler, Judges, juvenile court, Mary Beth Kelly, wayne county, Wayne County Circuit Court	| Leave a reply
GOP weather report: A bit chilly for MSC's Weaver
Posted on September 28, 2009 by Ed Wesoloski
The weather was a mixed bag over the weekend on Mackinac Island, according to Misty, an employee at the Mackinaw City dock of Shepler's Ferry, which did a swinging business shuttling politicos to and from the Michigan Republican Party's leadership conference on the upscale state park.
Cool and windy on Friday, a pleasant Saturday and a Sunday that started off nice but deteriorated into clouds and rain, Misty helpfully reported when I called her this morning.
But for Michigan Supreme Court Justice Elizabeth Weaver, there was a distinct chill in the air that had little to do with autumn blowing in on the straits as she tried to drum up some party support for her re-election bid in 2010.
Weaver, who has enjoyed GOP backing in the past, has famously squabbled with former Republican Chief Justice Clifford Taylor — who lost his re-election bid last year — and current GOP Justices Maura Corrigan, Robert Young and Stephen Markman.
It was not too long ago that Taylor, Corrigan, Young and Markman were a majority voting bloc on the Court — a bloc engineered by former Michigan Governor John Engler during his terms of office.
According to yesterday's Capitol Capsule from the Michigan Information and Research Service, former Republican Speaker of the House Craig DeRoche "rebuffed Weaver's personal request to support her re-nomination in 2010[.]"
Then, says the MIRS report
Engler poked some fun at Weaver at her expense.
In telling attendees of his Saturday evening dinner speech about his history with past Mackinac Island events, Engler quipped, "I go back to when Betty Weaver was actually a conservative judge."
Later in his talk, Engler talked about the need to "find some help for (Justice) Bob Young on the Supreme Court. …
"We need Bob Young back on the Supreme Court. We can't let the courts go back to being a have [sic – haven?] for trial attorneys," Engler said.
Young, along with Weaver, faces re-election in 2010.
Posted in Courts, Elections, Judges, Michigan Supreme Court	| Tagged Clifford Taylor, Craig DeRoche, Elizabeth Weaver, John Engler, Maura Corrigan, Robert Young, Stephen Markman	| 1 Reply


I've released a new version of ExTIX 18.0 Deepin today with Calamares 3.1.9 installed from source. Calamares is an installer framework. By design it is very customizable, in order to satisfy a wide variety of needs and use cases. All packages in ExTiX have been updated to the latest available version as of today.


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Q: aws WAFv2: Unable to update IP in IPset without remove existing exist IP I want to use AWS cli to update ip in ipset for WAF2, but I'm facing some issue as it deleting existing IPs from IPset and adding my new ip. Also I want to update multiple IPs at same time.
I'm using below .ps1 script to update IPset.
$wafname = "waf2clitest"
$WAFIpSetBlock = ""
$Token = (aws wafv2 get-ip-set --name waf2clitest --scope REGIONAL --id xxx-xxx-xxx) | ConvertFrom-Json
aws wafv2 update-ip-set --name $wafname --id=$WAFIpSetBlock --scope=REGIONAL --lock-token $Token.LockToken --addresses "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32"

Can anyone help me to solve my issue?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


After hiking the trail to Sentinel Dome (elevation 8,122 feet), the dome itself may look a bit steep, but if you are in good physical condition for hiking, I encourage you to try it. The surface of the rock is not slick and good hiking shoes will grab onto the surface ridges. There is an "established path" that the hikers on the left of the picture are following.
Once on top of the dome, the valley opens up with El Capitan, the Merced River and meadows to the northwest and Half Dome and the falls to the northeast. It is truly impressive.
If I had to take a guess, I would suggest that this is a picture of a Sierra Fence Lizard. The photo was captured along the Taft Point Trail at Yosemite National Park. We saw several scampering about in the sunny, damp woodlands.
Having hiked extensively in the southwest, this lizard is just one of many that I have come across and photographed. They are a very diverse, colorful and interesting group of reptiles.
I am a sucker for stonework and Yosemite has more than its share. There are a good number of causeways, curbs and cottages made of stone throughout the park. Using such a natural resource only adds to the beautiful surroundings.
When I first began my pickleball play, there were very few paddles available in brick-and-mortar stores. As a matter of fact, one way I gauged the popularity of pickleball was to take note when sporting good stores began to carry paddles and pickleballs. Now they can be found at many outlets including some Walmart stores.
When asked which paddle I should buy, nobody could give me a solid answer and there were no obvious choices. Do I select wood, composite or graphite? How is one to know which paddle to get? Well…I think I can safely say that the paddle is not my problem no matter which paddle I am using.
I decided to watch those players I considered to be good or very good and I saw that many of them used the Z5 Wide Body Paddle. I thought that if they could play that well with the paddle, it must be good (little did I know that the paddle had no magic!).
A problem that occurs under the above circumstances is that quite a number of players end up using the same paddle. I know at least four players in my PB circuit that use this same paddle in the same color. This may become a problem when paddles are put down; one looks like the other.
I also wanted a way to locate my paddle no matter what edge was facing me so I put pieces of white tape or pieces of an address label along the edge so I could identify it.
One could write a name on the white tape pictured below prior to placing it on the paddle.
I also have another paddle that I allow other players to use and I put a complete address label on the front of the paddle bottom near the handle.
NOTE – Address is intentionally blurred and is legible on the paddle.
Taking all the above precautions now allows me to easily identify my paddle and if, for some reason, it gets misplaced, the chances of it finding its way back to me are greatly improved.
NOTE – There are rules and regulations issued by the USAPA regarding what is and what is not allowed on paddle surfaces. For your information, I am printing them below so that you can make sure any modifications you make will comply with official USAPA rules and regulations.
2.E.6.d. Moving parts that can increase head momentum.
2.E.6.e. Springs or spring-like material.
2.E.6.f. Flexible membranes or any compressible material that creates a trampoline effect.
2.E.6.g. Electrical, electronic, or mechanical assistance of any sort.
If you have ways to distinguish your paddle that are not mentioned above, leave them in the comments section.
Spoiler Alert If you want to try to answer the puzzle, see yesterday's YOY #35 and return to this post after that.
If you don't care to take a guess, then click HERE to go to today's Yosemite picture(s).
Above is yesterday's picture with the hint circled. Do you see that red object?
We were very surprised to learn that the park service allows rock climbers to mount El Capitan since it is such an iconic landmark. There were a number of climbers trying to ascend during our visit and onlookers were lined up under trees in nearby fields to watch the climbers make their way to the top.
We were told that the climb can take between three and six days depending on a variety of factors. Climbers must bring everything with them to sustain them during this feat. Plans need to be made for sleeping, eating, etc.
The red item is one of the bags used to carry supplies and below that there appears to be a pail and a weight. Above the bag there are two climbers with additional supplies. This may be hard to discern so I enlarged a portion of the picture which appears below.
Every once in a while something special and unplanned happens. You can call it serendipity or call it fate; I call it interesting. Humans have taken control of the world and created buildings and structures of all sorts. I have often wondered what the other animals "think" of these man-made creations they may come across.
The video below shows a hawk inspecting a weather station. There seems to be significant interest on part of this bird of prey. It is not often we capture videos like this.


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Q: The tag helper 'input' must not have C# in the element's attribute declaration area We are experiencing the following error when build ASP.NET Core MVC application which is recently migrated from .NET Core 2.2 to 3.0:

The tag helper 'input' (or 'textarea' or any other) must not have C#
  in the element's attribute declaration area.

We used Razor @functions to return HTML attribute content in order to overcome that issue but it looks ugly when you use variable for returning it from function without any extra logic (function dummy(htmlAttributeContent) return htmlAttributeContent)
@{
    var roAttrHTML = "";
    if (!user.GotAccessToken("someToken")) {
        roAttrHTML = " readonly=\"readonly\" ";
    }
}
<textarea class="testClass" asp-for="testId" @readonlyAttribute>@Model.Id</textarea>

Actually we got error

The tag helper 'textarea' must not have C# in the element's attribute
  declaration area.

when compile our ASP.NET Core MVC application whereas we need to get approach (better without @functions usage) which will provide us a way to overcome that issue (as we have plenty of pages with similar logic which we need to touch once and avoid any possible problems with presumable new changes in support of attributes in the future .NET Core versions)

A: I got the same problem, but i got an easy solution:
Code that throws the error:
<select asp-for="Journeys.VehicleType" class="test" style="width: 100%;" id="vehicleType" @disabled>

Code that works:
<select @disabled asp-for="Journeys.VehicleType" class="test" style="width: 100%;" id="vehicleType">

All i did to make my IDE doesnt throw the error is moving the @disabled attribute infront of the "asp-for" attribute.
Also works for normal input fields:
Code that throws the error:
<input  type="datetime-local" asp-for="Journeys.StartTime" @disabled id="startTime"/>

Code that works:
 <input @disabled type="datetime-local" asp-for="Journeys.StartTime" id="startTime"/>

Info: @disabled is just a variable which contains empty string or "disabled":
var disabled = "";
if (Model.Disabled)
{
    disabled = "disabled";
}

Hope this will help some people with the same problem.

A: I encountered this same problem, when creating a new 3.0 application. An old 2.2 application allowed me to have C# in the declaration even though "it's not valid"1.
What I did was author my own TagHelper2, using the below steps:

*

*Create file: CustomAttributeTagHelper .cs
namespace {YourBaseNameSpace}.Helpers.TagHelpers
{
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.TagHelpers;

    [HtmlTargetElement(Attributes = "custom-attributes")]
    public class CustomAttributeTagHelper : TagHelper
    {
        public Dictionary<string, string> CustomAttributes { get; set; }

        public override void Process(TagHelperContext context, TagHelperOutput output)
        {
            if (CustomAttributes != null)
                foreach (var pair in CustomAttributes)
                    if (!output.Attributes.ContainsName(pair.Key))
                        output.Attributes.Add(pair.Key, pair.Value);
        }
    }
}

*Modify: /Pages/Shared/_ViewImports.cshtml, adding the below line below Microsoft's own @addTagHelper
@addTagHelper {YourBaseNameSpace}.Helpers.TagHelpers.*, {Your Assembly Name}

KEY POINT: ensure you use the assembly name and not the namespace after the comma above
2a. If you're not sure what your assembly name is then run the below code in your Program => Main(string[] args) method:
Type t = typeof({YourBaseNameSpace}.Helpers.TagHelpers.CustomAttributeTagHelper);
string s = t.Assembly.GetName().Name.ToString();
Console.WriteLine($"The fully qualified assembly name you need is: {s}.");

*You then use it as simply as this in a razor page:

@{
    Dictionary<string, string> myCustomAttributes = new Dictionary<string, string> {
        ["data-first-custom-attribute"] = "my custom value"
    };

    if (!user.GotAccessToken("someToken")) {
        myCustomAttributes.Add("readonly","readonly");
    }
}

<input custom-attributes="myCustomAttributes" />

NOTE: This code can be used on any TagHelper and means you can add any custom attributes you like.
If you wanted to make it for just a single attribute (like your readonly above) then you can create a conditional TagHelper that requires a bool on construction or as it's value.

A: According to the docs, you can do it this way, in ASP .NET 5.0
<input asp-for="LastName"
       disabled="@(Model?.LicenseId == null)" />

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/mvc/views/tag-helpers/intro?view=aspnetcore-5.0#c-in-tag-helpers-attributedeclaration

A: If you don't need to use the TagHelper, you can use <!elementName> to disable it for a specific element:
<!textarea class="testClass" asp-for="testId" @readonlyAttribute>@Model.Id</!textarea>

See @glenn223's answer for a more structural solution. I made an improved version of his solution, by adding support for anonymous objects:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.TagHelpers;

namespace  {YourBaseNameSpace}.Helpers.TagHelpers
{
    [HtmlTargetElement(Attributes = "custom-attributes")]
    public class CustomAttributesTagHelper : TagHelper
    {
        public object CustomAttributes { get; set; }

        public override void Process(TagHelperContext context, TagHelperOutput output)
        {
            var customAttributesDictionary = HtmlHelper.AnonymousObjectToHtmlAttributes(CustomAttributes);
            foreach (var (key, value) in customAttributesDictionary)
            {
                output.Attributes.SetAttribute(key, value);
            }
        }
    }
}

A: You can do it like this:
@if (!user.GotAccessToken("someToken"))
{
   <textarea class="testClass" asp-for="testId" readonly>@Model.Id</textarea>
}
else
{
   <textarea class="testClass" asp-for="testId">@Model.Id</textarea>
}

A: For the same issue but with multiple attributes I did following workaround:
@{
    //...
    string attributes = "...prepare attributes ...";
    string tag = "<input " + attributes + " />";
    <text>@Html.Raw(tag)</text>
    //...
}

@Html.Raw is not recommended because of some security vulnerabilities, but I still used it here. Be aware of that risk. If needed I can share some additional articles about that risk. Otherwise, for a single attribute I agree with @Rena's comment.

A: I ended up removing the line
@addTagHelper *, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.TagHelpers

from _ViewImports.cshtml
In my case I had to construct the html with great precision and I did not use the the TagHelpers anyway.


Want to be notified of new releases in cflurin/homebridge-websocket?
Homebridge-websocket is a Plugin for Homebridge. The Websocket-API supports the main homebridge functions. This allows you to add and control accessories from a "Bridge" or "Gateway" with a Websocket API. Node-RED is the perfect platform to use with homebridge-websocket.
Note-RED is a visual tool for wiring together hardware devices, APIs and online services.
If you are new to Homebridge, please first read the documentation to install Homebridge.
Add the websocket-platform in config.json in your home directory inside .homebridge.
Replace 127.0.0.1 with your ip-address. The port 4050 can be changed in config.json. The websocket-client (e.g. Node-RED) has to connect to homebridge-websocket.
input:  the websocket-client receives a message from the homebridge-websocket.
output: the websocket-client sends a message to the homebridge-websocket.
When homebridge-websocket sends a get topic it expects a callback with the value within 1 second.
HomeKitTypes.js describes all the predifined Services and Characteristcs.
Here's an example flow. It shows how to add an accessory (office_lamp) and how to set the value on/off. The messages sent from the homebridge-websocket are displayed on the debug tap.
Take a look at collection/homebridge-websocket for the example-flow.json which you can import into node-RED.


A judge in Thailand's civil court on 24 November held that the Kingdom's prime minister is a public figure whose performance in office can be fairly scrutinized by the press. In this light, the judge amended a gag order on a bitter critic of Thai PM Thaksin Shinawatra, freeing the media personality to continue raising questions about corruption and conflict of interest in the Thaksin administration.
Although the court maintained that Thaksin's record before he became prime minister should be allowed some protection from the criticisms of media mogul Sondhi Limthongkul, the amended gag order effectively allows Thaksin's staunchest critic to continue his mounting accusations against the Thai leader.
In recent months, Thaksin has been seeking to silence Sondhi, a media entrepreneur with investments in a daily newspaper, a news website, and a satellite cable network, and who used to have his own political talk show on a government TV station. Using these platforms, Sondhi in recent months has maintained a steady and unrelenting attack on the Prime Minister, his family, and their businesses. He has accused Thaksin of corruption, his family of using government resources, and their businesses of profiting from the prime minister's term in office.
For his tirades against Thaksin, Sondhi has seen his TV show pulled from the government station, and he and his affiliated media companies have been slapped with five different cases for defamation. The combined amount of damages sought by the plaintiff in these cases was amount to B 2 billion (US$50 million). Thaksin's allies in parliament have threatened to bring down the critic's websites and Thailand's top military officers have also stepped into the fray, saying Sondhi should quiet down as he was supposedly also dragging the King's name into controversy. A deputy commander of a police district sued the media personality for lese majeste—of insulting the monarchy—a crime punishable by up to 15 years imprisonment. Earlier Thaksin's lawyers also succeeded in temporarily getting a court on November17 to place a gag order on Sondhi, effectively keeping him from criticizing the Prime Minister pending the resolution of all the cases lodged against him.
But the latest developments all tended to strengthen Sondhi, who has in recent weeks taken his cancelled talk show on the road. Separate from the partial lifting of the gag order, a provincial court on 24 November dismissed the charges of lese majeste. Meanwhile, a civil court on the same day also rescinded an earlier decision barring Sondhi from distributing copies of all his road shows over the Internet and in VCD format.
Sondhi's "mobile talk show" has won ardent following among government critics, gaining an estimated attendance of 15,000 to 20,000 every Friday in Bangkok's Lumphini Park.


text:
Home Research > Members > 1660-1690 > LEGGE, George (c.1647-91)
LEGGE, George (c.1647-91), of Pall Mall, Westminster.
1 Feb. - 6 Feb. 1673
b. c.1647, 1st s. of William Legge I, and bro. of William Legge II. educ. Westminster; King's, Camb. 1664. m. c. Nov. 1667, Barbara (d. 28 Jan. 1718), da. and h. of Sir Henry Archbold of Abbots Bromley, Staffs., 1s. 7da. suc. fa. 1670; cr. Baron Dartmouth 2 Dec. 1682.1
Capt. RN 1667, 1672-3; capt. of ft. 1669-78, col. 1678-9, 1685-9 (R. Fusiliers, later 7 Ft.); lt.-gov. Portsmouth 1672-3, gov. 1673-82; gen. of artillery 1678; adm. 1683-4; constable of the Tower 1685-9; adm. of the fleet Oct. 1688-9.2
Groom of the bedchamber to the Duke of York 1668-73; lt. of the Ordnance 1672-81, master 1681-9; master of the horse to the Duke of York 1673-85, (as King) 1685-Dec. 1688; PC 3 Mar. 1682-9; master, Trinity House 1683-5, elder bro. 1685-d.3
Keeper, Alice Holt and Woolmer forests, Hants 1670-d.; freeman, Portsmouth 1672, 1682, Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1682; commr. for assessment, Hants and Staffs. 1673-80, Westminster 1679-80; j.p. Hants 1674-89, dep. lt. 1685-9; ld. lt. Tower Hamlets 1685-9; high steward, Kingston-upon-Thames 1685-9; recorder, Lichfield 1686-Oct. 1688; common councilman, Berwick-on-Tweed 1686-Oct. 1688; master, shipwrights' co. of Rotherhithe, Surr. 1686-7.4
During the second Dutch war Legge first saw service as a volunteer under his cousin, Sir Edward Spragge, and was almost immediately given a commission, much to the disgust of William Penn, who had risen the hard way. He entered the Duke of York's household and became one of his closest friends. He returned to the sea during the third Dutch war, took part in most of the engagements, and inherited from Spragge a bitter dispute with Sir Robert Holmes.5
Legge was elected for Ludgershall in 1673, no doubt chiefly on the interest of the Roman Catholic Brownes and with court backing. The original return was among those declared void by the House when it met, but he was re-elected within a week, probably unopposed. He delivered his maiden speech three days later, telling the House of desertions in the fleet 'upon the rumour that the Parliament would give the King no money'. But he was not an active Member of the Cavalier Parliament, in which he made only three more speeches and was named to seven committees. On the passing of the Test Act he succeeded the Duke of York as governor of Portsmouth. His name appeared on the Paston list, and in the 1674 session he was among those appointed to hear complaints from the Newcastle coal fleet against the pressing of seamen. In committee on 2 Nov. 1675 he urged the building of more second-rates for the navy. 'Supposed to be a Papist' by the author of A Seasonable Argument, though quite without grounds, he was alleged to have received £40,000 in boons. He was listed among the officials in the Commons, and noted on the working lists as possessing influence over Ranald Grahme. Shaftesbury marked him 'thrice vile', and his name appeared on both lists of the court party in 1678. He was appointed to the committees to consider the reports from the Admiralty and Ordnance on 7 Feb. and to examine payments due to the forces (including his own regiment) which were to be disbanded.6
Although one of the 'unanimous club', Legge's exercise of government patronage at Portsmouth was undisturbed, and he was returned for the borough to the Exclusion Parliaments with colleagues of his own choice. His letter of excuse for preferring Sir John Kempthorne to the court nominee John Ernle I at the first election of 1679 was described by Henry Coventry as 'too witty for a governor and too plain dealing for a courtier'. He was marked 'vile' on Shaftesbury's list, and in the first Exclusion Parliament was appointed only to the committee of elections and privileges and to that for the reform of the bankruptcy laws. He strove to allay fears caused by the movement to Portsmouth of artillery which the Whigs claimed was more suitable for a marching army than a garrison. He told the House on 12 May that the guns were needed to prevent a surprise attack and scandalized many Members by his expressions of great respect for the Duke:
Ten times that preparation of artillery will not serve a land army. ... I am the Duke of York's servant, and I will serve him affectionately, but I have been bred amongst them that speak no language but my own, and I will live and die as a Protestant, and am as loyal as my family has always been.
He voted against the exclusion bill, and spoke against it in the second Exclusion Parliament:
It is my misfortune to lie under the disreputation of being a Papist, but have now an opportunity of showing myself otherwise, in declaring that I am against this bill, for I think there is none but Papists that are of opinion that a man may be disinherited for his religion. I have also an opportunity to show my duty to my master, in declaring that those reproaches which have been cast upon him are in my opinion very unjust, because I believe he abhors the thoughts of doing those actions that have been imputed to him, and therefore do think it very hard that because he may differ with us in points of religion, [that] therefore his reputation should thus be called in question in this House.
In the Upper House the Earl of Salisbury urged the cancellation of his appointment as lieutenant-general of the Ordnance, on the grounds of his 'too great addiction to the Duke'. Legge again spoke against exclusion at Oxford on 26 Mar. 1681, but was appointed to no committees in either Parliament. Throughout the crisis he remained in touch with the Duke, and retained his favour even after urging him to return to the church of his baptism. In the wreck of the Gloucester in 1682 he saved the Duke's life by preventing with drawn sword the overcrowding of the escape boat. Raised to the peerage as Lord Dartmouth, he was entrusted with the evacuation of Tangier in 1683-4. After successfully accomplishing this mission, he made his only venture into high politics, proposing a truly national party independent of the Halifax and Sunderland factions, and 'averse to fanaticism on one hand, and to Popery and a French interest on the other'. The scheme was enthusiastically supported by Danby, out of office since his impeachment, but its proposer lacked the strength or suppleness needed to bring it into effect.7
Although Dartmouth had had to give up his Portsmouth command, much to the Duke's regret, when he became master-general of the Ordnance, he feasted the corporation on his way to Tangier, and was able to secure his brother's election for the borough in 1685. His interest at Lichfield, originally acquired by marriage and strengthened by his good relations with the corporation, he gave to the candidate nominated by Lord Weymouth (Thomas Thynne I). From the outset of the new reign he warned the King of the danger from William of Orange, and when Dutch intentions became unmistakable he was given command of the fleet. But he failed to intercept the invaders, who landed in Torbay while the English ships lay becalmed. Dartmouth wrote to James of 'the great torment I am in, for not being able to serve you better'. The King professed satisfaction with his admiral's conduct, but privately referred to 'the conflicts, which my Lady Dartmouth owned he had, betwixt his religion and loyalty'. When he refused to send the infant Prince of Wales to France, James became convinced that loyalty had been worsted. On II Dec. 1688 Dartmouth wrote to William:
Out of a duty to my country and the reformed religion of the Church of England ... I readily embrace the fair invitation given me by your highness's particular letter ... to dispose the fleet under me to join with your highness's.
He brought the ships back to the Nore and handed over command. In spite of the intercession of John Churchill II he was stripped of all his offices by the new regime. But he took the oath of allegiance on 2 Mar. 1689, and remained active in the Lords until denounced by Lord Preston (Sir Richard Grahme) for sending naval intelligence to St. Germains. He was thrown into the Tower, where he died of apoplexy on 25 Oct. 1691, aged 44. He was buried with his father at Holy Trinity. His son became a leading Tory peer in the reign of Queen Anne, and three of his grandsons sat in the Lower House under the Hanoverians.8
Author: Paula Watson
1. HMC Dartmouth i. 16; iii. 115.
2. Bulstrode, 120; CSP Dom. 1668-9, p. 526; 1672-3, p. 184; 1678, p. 148; Jan.-June 1683, p. 331; 1684, p. 388; Cal. Treas. Bks. iv. 373.
3. CSP Dom. 1672-3, p. 229; 1679-80, p. 264; 1682, p. 7; 1685, p. 8; HMC Dartmouth, iii. 114.
4. CSP Dom. 1671, p. 120; 1685, p. 266; 1686-7, pp. 21, 231; R. East, Portsmouth Recs. 360; Manning and Bray, Surr. i. 342.
5. HMC Dartmouth, i. 25; Pepys Diary, 28 Jan. 1668; Bulstrode Pprs. 317.
6. Grey, ii. 108; iii. 377, 379, 381.
7. HMC Dartmouth, i. 30, 36; Grey, vii. 262-4; viii. 328-9; HMC Ormonde, n.s. iv. 512-13; Exact Coll. Debates 98-99; Reresby, Mems. 335; Browning, Danby, i. 360.
8. HMC Dartmouth, i. 72, 122, 190, 266, 275; CSP Dom. July-Sept. 1683, p. 315, 1685, p. 121; Clarke, Jas. II, ii. 58-59, 177, 208, 233; HMC Finch, iii. 10; Luttrell, ii. 298.


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text:
By Mike Heath Laramie County Master Gardners
Greenhouse Gardening - Don and Sue Hollingshead
Courtesy of Mike Heath
Above left: Don Hollingshead is pulling weeds from the cucumbers.
I've had the honor and pleasure of knowing Lt. Don Hollingshead of the Laramie County Sheriff's Department for about the last four years or so. But what I didn't know until just a couple of years ago was that he and his wife, Sue, are avid gardeners. I had an opportunity to speak with Don after one of our radio shows last year about his gardening and the greenhouse he had built in 2016. He had posted his progress on Facebook and I was enthralled by what he was doing. What I really wanted was a chance to see it firsthand. Unfortunately, our schedules never seemed to work out. We finally had...