text:
\section{Crystal photograph and thermodynamic characterization}
\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.65\columnwidth]{figureS1}
  \caption{{\bf Photographs for single crystals of Cu3Zn, Cu4 and
      EuCu3.} Crystal sizes and morphologies of  \ce{Cu3Zn(OH)6FBr} (Cu3Zn) for different growth
    periods: ({\bf a}) one weak, ({\bf b}) one month, and ({\bf c}) three
    months. ({\bf d})
    \ce{Cu4(OH)6FBr} (Cu4); ({\bf e}) \ce{EuCu3(OH)6Cl3} (EuCu3). The yellow grid
  in ({\bf b}), ({\bf c}), ({\bf d}) and ({\bf e}) is 1$\times$1~mm$^2$.}
  \label{fig:figureS1}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.6\columnwidth]{figureS2}
  \caption{{\bf Thermodynamic properties of single crystals for Cu3Zn and EuCu3.}
    ({\bf a}) Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibilities ($\chi=M/H$) at
    0.05~T and 0.3~T fields.  ({\bf b})
    The temperature dependent specific heat C$_p$ at different magnetic fields
    in Cu3Zn. The thermodynamic properties of single crystals for Cu3Zn agree
    well with previous results on the powder samples.\cite{Feng2017,Wei2017} ({\bf c}) The magnetic susceptibilities show the ordering temperature
    $T_N=17$~K in EuCu$_3$. The Eu$^{3+ }$ with ground state of $^7F_0$
    contributes to the Van Vleck paramagnetism ({\bf d}) The temperature dependent heat capacities C$_p$  in EuCu3.}
  \label{fig:figureS2}
\end{figure}

\newpage
\section{Temperature evolution of the Raman spectra and phonon mode assignment in $\text{Cu3Zn}$}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.7\columnwidth]{figureS3}
  \caption{{\bf Raman spectra in Cu3Zn at different temperatures.} ({\bf a}) Unpolarized
    Raman spectra in Cu3Zn. ({\bf b}) Raman spectra in the $XX$ configuration in
    Cu3Zn which contains the $A_{1g}$ and $E_{2g}$ channel. ({\bf c}) Raman spectra
    in the $XY$ configuration which contains the $E_{2g}$ channel in Cu3Zn.}
  \label{fig:figureS3}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[h]
	\caption{Mode assignment for Cu3Zn.  Cu3Zn crystallizes the space group $P6_3/mmc$ (No.~194) and has Raman active
$A_{1g}$, $E_{1g}$, and $E_{2g}$ modes according to the point group
representation of $D_{6h}$ ($6/mmm$). $E_{1g}$ is not visible when the light
polarization lies in the kagome $ab$ plane, and we have Raman active phonon
modes $\Gamma_{\text{Raman}}=4A_{1g}+9E_{2g}$.}
	\begin{ruledtabular}
		\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
			 Frequency (Exp.) (cm$^{-1}$) &  Modes (Exp.) &Frequency (Cal.) (cm$^{-1}$)& Modes (Cal.) &Associated vibrating irons \\
			74.6  & $E_{2g}$&71.2  &$E_{2g}$ &Br$^-$ \\
			126.4 &$E_{2g}$ &124.11  &$E_{2g}$ &Zn$^{2+}$ \\
			172.2 &$E_{2g}$ &184.18 & $E_{2g}$& F$^-$\\
			355.5 & $E_{2g}$&345.37  & $E_{2g}$&O$^{2-}$ \\
			401.5 & $E_{2g}$&396.21  &$E_{2g}$ &O$^{2-}$ \\
			430.8 &$A_{1g}$ &426.06  & $A_{1g}$&O$^{2-}$ \\
			488.6 &$E_{2g}$, visible in 532~nm &493.47 & $E_{2g}$& O$^{2-}$ \\
			521.1  &$A_{1g}$ &508.84  & $A_{1g}$&O$^{2-}$ \\
			920.3  &$E_{2g}$&920.33  & $E_{2g}$&H$^+$ \\
			1016.7  &$A_{1g}$ &1082.26  &$A_{1g}$ & H$^+$\\
			1028.2  &$E_{2g}$, weak &1020.11 & $E_{2g}$& H$^+$\\
			3352.3 & ?&3333.19  &$E_{2g}$ &H$^+$ \\
			3467.5 &$A_{1g}$ & 3512.14 &$A_{1g}$ & H$^+$\\
		\end{tabular}
	\end{ruledtabular}
\end{table}

\newpage
\section{Raman spectra evolution from $\text{Cu4}$ to $\text{Cu3Zn}$ and Fano effect in $\text{Cu3Zn}$}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figureS4}
\caption{\textbf{Raman spectral evolution from Cu4 to Cu3Zn} ({\bf a}) Unpolarized Raman spectra for Cu4 and
  Cu3Zn at selected temperatures.
 Comparison for phonon modes between 40~cm$^{-1}$ and 90~cm$^{-1}$ in ({\bf b}),
 and between 100~cm$^{-1}$ and 250~cm$^{-1}$ in ({\bf c}) for
Cu4 and Cu3Zn.   The Cu4 spectra in ({\bf a}), ({\bf b}) and ({\bf c})
    have been offset vertically for clarity. The phonon
evolution from Cu4 to Cu3Zn displays the difference by substituting Cu4
interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ site with Zn$^{2+}$ in Cu3Zn. The parent Barlowite Cu4  transforms to orthorhombic \textit{Pnma} below $T \approx 265$
K, characterized by changes in the relative
occupancies of the interlayer Cu$^{2+}$
site. Between 300~cm$^{-1}$ and 600~cm$^{-1}$, there are several phonon peaks
associated with O$^{2-}$ vibrations in Cu4 and Cu3Zn. Cu3Zn displays the Br$^{-}$ in-plane relative mode ($E_{2g}$) at
75~cm$^{-1}$, and has no
active Raman mode related to the kagome Cu$^{2+}$ vibrations since Cu$^{2+}$ is
the inversion center. The Br$^-$ phonon mode changes into two peaks in Cu4 due to the
superlattice folding in the orthorhombic Pnma phase at low temperature.
An additional Br$^-$ peak at 85~cm$^{-1}$ appears in Cu4, related to the Br
vibrations along the $c$-axis.
The
kagome layers in Cu4 are distorted, signaled by a new phonon mode for the
kagome Cu$^{2+}$ vibration at 62~cm$^{-1}$.  Cu3Zn displays sharp $E_{2g}$ modes at 125~cm$^{-1}$
and 173~cm$^{-1}$ correspond to in-plane relative movements for Zn$^{2+}$ and
F$^{-}$, respectively. The corresponding modes (interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ and F$^{-}$) in Cu4
are broad at 290~K due to the randomly distributed interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ and split into
two peaks at 200~K.
}
  \label{fig:figureS4}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figureS5}
  \caption{{\bf  Fano lineshape of the $E_{2g}$ F$^-$  phonon peak
      at 173 cm$^{-1}$ in Cu3Zn.} ({\bf a}) Fano
    lineshape for the $E_{2g}$ in-plane F atomic movement phonon mode.
    Temperature dependent Fano asymmetric parameter $1/|q|$ in ({\bf b}) and the width
    $\Gamma$ in ({\bf c}). The asymmetric Fano lineshape provides an additional probe of the magnetic degree of freedom.}
  \label{fig:figureS5}
\end{figure}

\newpage
\section{Angle-resolved  light polarization dependent Raman response for
  $\text{Cu3Zn}$}
Two typical polarization configurations were utilized to measure the
angle-resolved polarized Raman spectra: i) a half-wave plate was put after the
polarizer in the incident path to vary the angles between the polarization of
incident laser and the analyzer with the fixed vertical polarization, which can
be denoted as the $X$-only configuration; ii) a polarizer
is allocated in the common path of the incident and scattered light to
simultaneously vary their polarization directions, while the polarizations of
incident laser and analyzer were parallel or perpendicular to each other. By
rotating the fast axis of the half-wave plate with an angle of $\theta/2$, the
polarization of incident and/or scattered light is rotated by $\theta$.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.7\columnwidth]{figureS6}
  \caption{{\bf Three polarization configurations in the angle
      dependent Raman response.} In the $XX$ ($XY$) configuration, the incoming and outgoing light
    polarizations are parallel (perpendicular) and we rotate both of them simultaneously. In the
  $X$-only configuration, the outgoing light polarization is fixed and we rotate
the incoming light polarization only.}
  \label{fig:figureS6}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.9\columnwidth]{figureS7}
  \caption{{\bf Rotation symmetry of Raman dynamics for lattice vibrations and
    magnetic excitations in Cu3Zn. }
  ({\bf a}) We monitor three selected modes (both continua and phonon peaks). ({\bf b}) Angle dependence of the integrated Raman
  susceptibility
  $\chi_R=\frac{2}{\pi}\int_{10}^{60\text{~cm}^{-1}}\frac{\chi''(\omega)}{\omega}d\omega$.
  In $X$-only configuration, the continua at 290~K follows the $\cos^2(\theta)$
  for the $A_{1g}$ channel, while at other configurations, the continua remain constant.
 ({\bf c}) Angle dependence of the Br $E_{2g}$ phonon (75~cm$^{-1}$) scattering
  intensity. The lines are constant functions. ({\bf d}) Angle dependence of the O$^{2-}$ $A_{1g}$
  phonon (429~cm$^{-1}$) scattering intensity. The Raman intensity of O$^{2-}$
  $A_{1g}$ mode exhibits a $\cos^2(\theta)$ behavior in the $X$-only
  configuration at both room temperature and low temperature, and keeps constant
  in $XX$ and $XY$ configurations.
  }
  \label{fig:figureS7}
\end{figure}

\newpage
\section{Raman responses in $\text{EuCu3}$}
\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.76\columnwidth]{figureS8}
  \caption{{\bf Raman spectra in EuCu3 at different temperatures.} ({\bf a}) Unpolarized
    Raman spectra in EuCu3. ({\bf b}) Raman spectra in the $XX$ configuration in
    EuCu3 which has the $A_{g}$ and $E_{g}$ channel. ({\bf c}) Raman spectra
    in the $XY$ configuration which contains the $E_{g}$ and $A_{2g}$ channel.
    For Eu$^{3+}$, we observe the $A_{2g}$ excitation of the $4f^6$
    configuration with the transition from $^7F_{J=0}$ to $^7F_{J=1}$.}
  \label{fig:figureS8}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{figureS9}
  \caption{{\bf Rotation symmetry of Raman dynamics for lattice vibrations and
    magnetic excitations in EuCu3. }
  We monitor the selected magnetic continuum at low frequency and the O$^{2-}$
  $E_g$ mode in ({\bf a}). ({\bf b})Angle
  dependence of the integrated Raman continuum from 9-80 cm$^{-1}$. The continua
  at 290~K follows $\cos^2(\theta)$ for the $A_{1g}$ channel, while others
  remain constant.  ({\bf c}) Angle dependence of the O$^{2-}$ $E_g$ phonon (487
  cm$^{-1}$) scattering intensity. Its Raman intensities are independent of $\theta$. }
  \label{fig:figureS9}
\end{figure}

\newpage
\section{Magnetic continuum in $\text{EuCu3}$ above $T_N$}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{figureS10}
  \caption{{\bf Magnetic Raman susceptibility in the $XY$ configuration of EuCu3 above
      the N\'eel temperature.} We present the $XY$ magnetic Raman continuum in EuCu3
    below 100~K. Above  $T_N=17$~K, the Raman response has
    the substantial magnetic continuum below 50~K. For a comparison, we also
    plot the $XY$ magnetic Raman continuum in Cu3Zn at 4~K. The Raman shift
    frequency of  Cu3Zn is divided by 1.9, the ratio of the super-exchange strength
    of two compounds. We can see that above $T_N$, the profile of the Raman
    susceptibility in EuCu3 mimic that in Cu3Zn, suggesting the spinon
    contribution. There are less pronounced low-energy continuum excitations in
    EuCu3 than those in Cu3Zn, probably due to the large DM interaction which
    suppresses the low-energy quantum fluctuations. The maximum of the continuum
  excitations above $T_N$ in EuCu3 has the same energy scale as the magnon peak
  below $T_N$, which suggests that the magnon peak can be taken as the bound
  state of spinon-antispinon pair. }
  \label{fig:figureS10}
\end{figure}
\newpage
\section{SHG of $\text{Cu3Zn}$}
\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.45\columnwidth]{figureS11a} \includegraphics[width=0.45\columnwidth]{figureS11b}
  \caption{{\bf SHG in Cu3Zn at 26 K with different laser powers.} ({\bf a}) SHG
    measurements in the same spot of sample taken every 5 seconds (from \#1 to
    \#6). At 23 mW, SHG signals in Cu3Zn sample are absent, implying that
    inversion symmetry remains preserved. ({\bf b}) A series of SHG measurements
    under the excitation power of 32 mW in the same point of the sample taken
    every 5 seconds (from \#1 to \#12). A remarkable SHG signal at 400 nm is
    detectable after a 10 second exposure, which dramatically enhances as the
    time increases. Due to the damage or degradation of Cu3Zn under high power
    excitation, the inversion symmetry breaking induces a strong SHG signals in
    sample. By comparison, we conclude that undamaged Cu3Zn single crystal
    presents spatial inversion symmetry at low temperature. The lines have been
    offset vertically for clarity. }
  \label{fig:figureS11}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.45\columnwidth]{figureS12a} \includegraphics[width=0.45\columnwidth]{figureS12b}
  \caption{{\bf SHG in Cu3Zn at 300 K with different laser powers.} ({\bf a})
    and ({\bf b})     represent the successive SHG measurements in the same point of sample taken
    every 5 seconds with excitation powers at 25 mW and 32 mW, respectively.
    There are no SHG signals at the excitation power of 25 mW, whereas strong
    SHG signals appear at the excitation power above 32 mW after a 10 second
    exposure. By comparison, damage or degradation in crystal structure under
    high power excitation induces a detectable SHG signal, implying that
    inversion symmetry presents in undamaged Cu3Zn at room temperature. The
    lines have been offset vertically for clarity.  }
  \label{fig:figureS12}
\end{figure}
\newpage
\section{Estimation of exchange parameters in the kagome compounds}
 We implement the density functional theory (DFT)~\cite{Jones2015} to estimate the exchange
 parameters in the kagome compounds. We performed first-principles calculations
 with the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhoff revised for solids (PBEsol) functional in
 generalized gradient approximation (GGA)~\cite{Perdew1996,Perdew2008} as
 implemented in the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package
 (VASP).\cite{Kresse1996,Gajdos2006,Hafner2008} An energy cutoff of 620~eV was
 used. We used $6\times6\times4$ Monkhorst-Pack grids~\cite{Monkhorst1976} for all
 calculations. All results were obtained with Cu 3$d$ valence electrons
 psudopotential within GGA+U (U$_{3d}$= 6~eV) scheme.\cite{Liechtenstein1995}

We fix the lattice constants and relax the atomic positions with a coplanar magnetic structure
with negative vector spin chirality in the presence of spin-orbit couplings in our calculations. Exchange
interactions can be determined from total energies of virous different spin
configurations. To determine $J_1$, $J_2$, and $J_d$ (see
Fig.~\ref{fig:figureS13}), we used the
ferromagnetic state, antiferromagnetic state ($q=0$), cuboc2 state, and cuboc1
state for a $2\times2\times1$ supercell as discussed in Fig. 4 in Ref.~\cite{Messio2011}.
Inter-layer couplings are determined by comparing the energies for different
stacking patterns of spin configurations. Note for the above interaction terms,
we turn off the spin-orbit coupling in our simulations. For the Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM)
interaction, we turn on spin-orbit couplings and compare the energies of $\mathbf{q}=0$ antiferromagnetic states
with positive and negative vector spin chiralities. The results are listed in
TAB.~\ref{tab:TabS2}. The nearest neighbor interactions in Cu3Zn and EuCu3 are
slightly larger than the experimental values.

\begin{figure}[h]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.28\columnwidth]{figureS13}
  \caption{{\bf Exchange interactions $J_1$, $J_2$, and $J_d$ in the Kagome lattice. }}
  \label{fig:figureS13}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[h]
	\caption{Theoretical results of exchange interaction (in meV) and Cu-O-Cu
    bonding angle for various materials with the kagome structure. SG denotes
    the space group. $J_c$ denotes the inter-layer coupling. The references for the
  lattice constants are also listed.}\label{tab:TabS2}
	\begin{ruledtabular}
		\begin{tabular}{cccccccccc}
      Formula & SG & $J_1$ (meV)  & $J_2$ (meV) & $J_d$ (meV) & $J_c$ (meV) & DM (meV) & $\angle$Cu-O-Cu ($\circ$)& Reference\\
      \ce{Cu3Zn(OH)6FBr} & $P6_3/mmc$ & 24.13 & -0.01 & -0.65 & 1.442 & 1.12 & 117.47 & \cite{Feng2017}\\

      \ce{YCu3(OH)6Cl3} & $P\bar{3}m1$ & 10.21 & 0.12 & -0.09 & 0.040 & 3.45 & 118.60 & \cite{Zorko2019}\\
      \ce{EuCu3(OH)6Cl3} & $P\bar{3}m1$ & 13.02 & 0.16 & -0.08 & 0.003 & 3.83 & 120.33 & \cite{Puphal2018}\\
      \ce{SmCu3(OH)6Cl3} & $P\bar{3}m1$ & 13.55 & 0.14 & -0.08 & -0.004 & 5.91 & 120.36 & \cite{Sun2017}\\
		\end{tabular}
	\end{ruledtabular}
\end{table}

\section{Introduction}
When subject to strong quantum fluctuation and geometrical frustration, the
quantum spin system may not develop into a magnetically ordered state\cite{Anderson1973,Anderson1987}, but a
quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state at zero
temperature.\cite{Lee2008,Balents2010,Zhou2017,Broholm2020} QSL has no classic
counterpart as it exhibits various
topological orders characterized by the long-range entanglement
pattern.\cite{Kitaev2006a,Levin2006,Wen2019}
 The lattice
of the spin-1/2 kagome network of corner-sharing triangles is a long-sought platform for
 antiferromagnetically interacting spins to
host a QSL ground state.\cite{Ran2007,Hermele2008,Yan2011,Jiang2012,Zaletel2015,Mei2017,Norman2016}
Herbersmithite [\ce{ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2}] is the
first promising kagome QSL candidate,\cite{Shores2005,Mendels2007,Lee2008,Wulferding2010,Han2012,Fu2015,Han2016,Norman2016,Khuntia2020} in which no long-range magnetic order
was detected down to low temperature,\cite{Shores2005,Mendels2007} and inelastic neutron scattering on single
crystals revealed a magnetic continuum, as a hallmark of fractionalized spin
excitations.\cite{Han2012,Han2016} Up to date, most, if not all, experimental information on the
nature of kagome QSL relies on a single compound of Herbertsmithite.
Considering the fact that a lattice distortion away from a perfect kagome structure
has recently been confirmed in Herbersmithite,\cite{Zorko2017,Laurita2019} which stimulates investigations on
the subtle magneto-elastic effect in the kagome
materials,\cite{Norman2020,Li2020a} an alternative realization of the QSL
compound with the ideal kagome lattice is still in urgent need. Zn-Barlowite
[\ce{Cu3Zn(OH)6FBr}] is such a candidate for a kagome
QSL ground state~\cite{Han2014,Liu2015b,Feng2017,Feng2018,Wei2017,Pasco2018,Smaha2018,Smaha2020,Henderson2019,Tustain2020,Wei2020}
with no lattice distortion being reported yet.
Measurements on the powder samples of Zn-Barlowite indicate the absence of
long-range magnetic order or spin freezing down to temperatures of 0.02~K, four
orders of magnitude lower than the Curie-Weiss temperature.\cite{Feng2017,Wei2017}
Besides the absence of long-range magnetic
order down to low temperature, the fractionalized spin excitations, i.e.
spinons, in the spectroscopy
is essential evidence for the long-range entanglement
pattern in QSL. However, spectroscopic evidence for the
deconfined spinon excitations in Zn-Barlowite is still lacking, in part due to
unavailable single-crystal samples. Note that for Zn-Barlowite \ce{Cu_{4-x}Zn_{x}(OH)6FBr}
the doping parameter $x\leq0.56$, in the previously reported Zn-Barlowite single
crystal samples, does not belong to the QSL
regime.\cite{Pasco2018,Smaha2018,Smaha2020,Tustain2020,Wei2020}

In this work, we report the synthesis of the single crystals of
\ce{Cu_{4-x}Zn_{x}(OH)6FBr} ($x=0.82$) of millimeter size, which is in the QSL
regime, and the spin
dynamics revealed by the inelastic light scattering on these samples.  We
confirm the ideal kagome-lattice structure by the angle-resolved polarized Raman responses and
second-harmonic-generation (SHG), and observe a magnetic Raman
continuum in our crystal samples.  Raman scattering has previously been reported for
Herbertsmithite,\cite{Wulferding2010}
and the overall continuum agreed with that in Zn-Barlowite.
Although it was not discussed, the lattice distortion in Herbertsmithite was
evident by the anisotropic angle dependent Raman responses~\cite{Wulferding2010} and
may account for the difference from our results in details.
In the theory the Raman spectrum of the kagome QSL
 contains the one-pair component of
spinon-antispinon excitations with a peculiar
power-law behavior at low frequency, serving as the
fingerprint of spinons.\cite{Ko2010} Our measured magnetic Raman continuum agrees
well with the theoretical prediction, revealing the fractionalized spin excitation in
\ce{Cu_{3.18}Zn_{0.82}(OH)6FBr}.

To demonstrate the one-pair spinon dynamics in the kagome QSL even
more evidently, we perform a control
experiment on a kagome antiferromagnet \ce{EuCu3(OH)6Cl3}, which suffers a
spinon confinement as a transition taking places from a paramagnetic phase to a
$\mathbf{q}=0$ type
 120$^\circ$ non-collinear  antiferromagnetic  order (AFM) ground state below
the N\'eel temperature $T_N=17$~K.\cite{Puphal2018,Zorko2019,Arh2020} We observe a
magnon peak in the AFM state,   which can be regarded as the spinon confinement
in the magnetically ordered state as schematically summarized in
Fig.~\ref{fig:figure1}. The magnon excitation emerges from
the one-pair continuum, firstly reported in our
work, and can be regarded as the bound state of the
spinon-antispinon excitations.

\section{Results}
We synthesized single crystals of Barlowite \ce{Cu4(OH)6FBr}, Zn-Barlowite
\ce{Cu_{3.18}Zn_{0.82}(OH)6FBr}, and \ce{EuCu3(OH)6Cl3} (we use the
short-hand notation Cu4, Cu3Zn, and EuCu3, respectively) with high quality
(Methods and Supplementary Section1). The crystal structure of Cu3Zn was
determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and chemical analysis
(ICP-AES) indicated the crystal composition is Cu$_{3.18}$Zn$_{0.82}$(OH)$_6$FBr
(Methods), in the QSL region of the magnetic phase
diagram.\cite{Wei2020,Tustain2020} The interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ concentration (18\%) is
comparable to that (15\%) in Herbertsmithite.\cite{Freedman2010} The crystal structure
of Cu4 coincides with Barlowite \textbf{1} in Refs.~\cite{Smaha2018,Smaha2020}.
We fit the high-temperature magnetic susceptibility (Supplementary Section1) by
the Curie-Weiss behavior to estimate the superexchange strength for the
Cu$^{2+}$ spin-1/2 moments on the kagome lattice in Cu3Zn, $J\simeq19$~meV
($\Theta_{\text{CW}}=-220$~K). The antiferromagnetic super-exchange interaction
for EuCu3 is about $J\simeq10$~meV.\cite{Puphal2018,Zorko2019,Arh2020} Note the
electronic ground state of Eu$^{3+}$ in EuCu3 is the non-magnetic $^7F_0$
configuration.

To study changes in the crystal structures of Cu3Zn and Cu4, we track the
temperature evolution of Raman spectra in the two compounds. Cu3Zn and Cu4 at high temperature crystallize the same space group
$P6_3/mmc$.\cite{Feng2017,Han2014} We didn't observe the structural phase
transition in Cu3Zn from the Raman scattering down to low temperature
(Supplementary Section2 and 3). Cu4 transforms to orthorhombic \textit{Pnma}
below 265~K, characterized by changes in the relative occupancies of the
interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ site.\cite{Feng2018,Pasco2018,Smaha2018,Smaha2020} The
splitting of phonon peaks in Cu4 due to the superlattice folding in the
orthorhombic Pnma phase is resolved for several modes [Supplementary Fig.S4]. Cu3Zn displays sharp
$E_{2g}$ modes at 125~cm$^{-1}$ for in-plane relative movements of Zn$^{2+}$.
The corresponding modes for the interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ in Cu4 are broad at 290~K
due to the randomly distributed interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ and split into two peaks
below the structural transition temperature. Cu3Zn has no Raman-active mode related to the
kagome Cu$^{2+}$ vibrations, indicating the kagome layer remains substantially
intact as the inversion center of Cu$^{2+}$ sites is evident. The kagome
layers in Cu4 are distorted, signaled by a new phonon mode for the kagome
Cu$^{2+}$ vibration at 62~cm$^{-1}$. Besides sharp phonon modes, we observe a
Raman continuum background in Cu3Zn, particularly at low frequency, signifying
substantial magnetic excitations.

Previous X-ray and neutron refinements of the crystal structure suggest ideal kagome
planes in Cu3Zn. SHG confirmed the parity symmetry of the crystallographic structure in
 Barlowite {\bf 2} \ce{Cu4(OH)6FBr} and Zn-Barlowite
\ce{Cu_{3.66}Zn_{0.33}(OH)6FBr}. In Supplementary
Section7, we also reveal the inversion symmetry by SHG in our single crystals
of Cu3Zn.
To further exclude subtle local symmetry lowering or lattice
distortions, we perform the angle-resolved polarization-dependent Raman
measurements of Cu3Zn for magnetic and lattice vibration
modes.\cite{Cepas2008,Liu2017}
The threefold rotation symmetry of the kagome lattice leads to
isotropic angle
dependence in the $XX$ configuration both for $A_{1g}$ and $E_{2g}$ components, $XY$
and $X$-only configurations
for the $E_{2g}$ component; it also gives rise to the angle $\theta$ dependence of $\cos^2\theta$
in the $X$-only configuration for the $A_{1g}$ component.
We find that the angle dependence of Raman
responses, in particular for the magnetic continuum at low frequency, the Br$^-$ $E_{2g}$
phonon, and O$^{2-}$ $A_{1g}$ phonon modes, fit the theoretical curves very well
[Supplementary Section4], confirming the threefold rotational symmetry of the
kagome lattice in the dynamical Raman responses of the lattice vibrations and
magnetic excitations. Combining the  X-ray and neutron
refinement,\cite{Feng2017,Feng2018,Wei2017,Wei2020}
we conclude that Cu3Zn manifests a structurally ideal realization of
layered spin-1/2 Cu$^{2+}$ kagome-lattice planes.

Having established the absence of a sharp anomaly in the thermodynamic
properties [Supplementary Section1] and the lack of an emergent magnetic order
with the weak symmetry breaking in the angle-dependent polarized Raman response, which is
the first step to a QSL, we now present our main results of the magnetic Raman
continuum in Cu3Zn with subtracting phonon contribution, as shown  in Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}. The susceptibility is related to
the Raman intensity $I(\omega)=(1+n(\omega))\chi''(\omega)$ with the bosonic
temperature factor $n(\omega)$. Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}a, b and c are the
$A_{1g}$ magnetic Raman response in Cu3Zn, which  measures the thermal
fluctuation of the interacting spins on the kagome
lattice.\cite{Halley1978,Reiter1976,Lemmens2003} We can see that the $A_{1g}$
channel is activated only at high temperatures, disappears at low temperatures,
behaving as the thermally activated excitations. At high temperatures, the Raman
spectra exhibit the quasielastic scattering that is common in the inelastic
light scattering for the spin systems.\cite{Lemmens2003} The maximum in the
Raman response function decreases from 60~cm$^{-1}$  at room temperature to
30~cm$^{-1}$ at 110~K, and the magnetic intensity becomes hardly resolved at low
temperatures below 50~K. The integrated Raman susceptibility $\chi'(T)$ in
Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}b fits the thermally activated function, $\propto
e^{-\omega^*/T}$ with $\omega^*=53$~cm$^{-1}$, different from the power-law
temperature dependence of the quasielastic scattering in
Herbertsmithite.\cite{Wulferding2010} The temperature dependence of the $A_{1g}$
magnetic Raman susceptibilities $\chi_{A_{1g}}''(\omega,T)$ in Cu3Zn distributes
the main spectral weight among the frequency region less than 400~cm$^{-1}$ and
the temperature range above 50~K in Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}c.

Different from the $A_{1g}$ channel, the pronounced $E_{2g}$ magnetic Raman
continuum in Cu3Zn persists at low temperatures
(Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}d), indicating the quantum fluctuation of the kagome
spin-1/2 system. Along with the theoretical work,\cite{Ko2010} we schematically
decompose the $E_{2g}$ Raman continuum into two components, which have
the maximum around 150~cm$^{-1}$ and the higher one around 400~cm$^{-1}$, respectively. We
denote them as spin excitations for one spin-antispinon pair (one-pair) and two spinon-antispinon pair (two-pair) excitations,
respectively.\cite{Ko2010} Like the two-magnon scattering in the
antiferromagnet,\cite{Lemmens2003,Devereaux2007} the two-pair component doesn't
show a significantly non-monotonic temperature dependence as reducing
temperatures. The substantial low energy one-pair component has a more
pronounced non-monotonic temperature dependence. It increases with the
temperature decreasing from 290~K to 50~K and decreases with further temperature
reduce as shown in Figs.~\ref{fig:figure2}d, e, and f. The frequency and temperature
dependence of the $E_{2g}$ magnetic Raman susceptibilities
$\chi_{E_{2g}}''(\omega,T)$ distributes  the main spectral weight among the
frequency region less than 400~cm$^{-1}$, and reaches the maximum at around
150~cm$^{-1}$ and 50~K,
as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}f. We also observed the Fano effect for the
$E_{2g}$ F$^-$ phonon peak at 173~cm$^{-1}$ in Cu3Zn  [Supplementary Section3],
whose asymmetric lineshape provides an additional probe of the magnetic
continuum.

The one-pair component in the $E_{2g}$ Raman continuum is crucial as it has an
origin in the spinon excitation in the kagome QSL from the perspective of theory.\cite{Ko2010} With the
incoming and outgoing light polarizations $\hat{\mathbf{e}}_{\text{in}}$ and
$\hat{\mathbf{e}}_{\text{out}}$,  magnetic Raman scattering measures the
spin-pair (two-spin-flip) dynamics in terms of the Raman tensor\cite{Fleury1968,Shastry1990,Cepas2008,Ko2010}
\begin{eqnarray}
  \label{eq:cross_sec}
  \tau_R=\sum_{\langle ij
  \rangle}(\hat{\mathbf{e}}_{\text{in}}\cdot\mathbf{r}_{ij})(\hat{\mathbf{e}}_{\text{out}}\cdot
  \mathbf{r}_{ij})\mathbf{S}_i\cdot\mathbf{S}_j,
\end{eqnarray}
where the summation runs over $\langle ij \rangle$ for the nearest neighbor
bonds $\mathbf{r}_{ij}$ for the $\mathbf{S}_i$ and $\mathbf{S}_j$ on the kagome
lattice. At zero temperature, the magnetic Raman susceptibility is given as
$\chi''_R(\omega)=\sum_f|\langle f|\tau_R|0
\rangle|^2\delta(\omega-\omega_f))=\sum_f\mathcal{M}^R_{f}(\omega_f)\delta(\omega-\omega_f)\simeq
M(\omega)\mathcal{D}(\omega)$, in which we set the ground state energy to be
zero. $\mathcal{M}^R_{f}(\omega_f)=|\langle f|\tau_R|0\rangle|^2$ denotes the
matrix element for the transition between the ground state $|0\rangle$ and the
excited state $|f\rangle$.
$M(\omega)=\sum_{f:\omega_f=\omega}\mathcal{M}_f^R=\overline{\mathcal{M}}_f^R(\omega_f)$
is the average matrix element, and $\mathcal{D}(\omega)=\sum_{f:\tau_R\text{
    allowed final states~}}\delta(\omega-\omega_f)$ denotes the density of state
(DOS) for the Raman tensor associated excitations. Introducing the spinon operator
$f_{i\sigma}$ in QSL, the spin-pair operator in the Raman tensor is rewritten
in terms of two pairs of spinon-antispinon excitations $\tau_R\propto
f_{i\sigma}^\dag f_{j\sigma} f_{j\sigma'}^\dag f_{i\sigma'}$. Besides the
two-pair excitation, the magnetic Raman continuum contains the one-pair spinon
excitation as $\tau_R\propto \chi (f_{i\sigma}^\dag f_{j\sigma}+f_{j\sigma}^\dag
f_{i\sigma})$, where $\chi=\langle f_{i\sigma}^\dag f_{j\sigma}  \rangle$ is the
spinon mean-field hopping amplitude.\cite{Ko2010} As shown in
Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2}d, the one-pair component in the measured Raman
susceptibility in the $E_{2g}$  has the maximum at 150~cm$^{-1}$ ($J$), and
extends up to 400~cm$^{-1}$ ($2.6J$) at low temperatures. The two-pair component
has the maximum at 400~cm$^{-1}$ (2.6~$J$) and the cut-off around 750~cm$^{-1}$
(4.9~$J$). In totality, the mentioned features (maxima and cut-offs) of one- and two-pair excitations in the $E_{2g}$ measured
Raman response in Cu3Zn (Fig.~\ref{fig:figure2} d) overall agree well with the
theoretical calculation for the kagome QSL state.\cite{Ko2010}

In more detail, the one-pair component  dominates the $E_{2g}$ magnetic Raman continuum at low
frequency. It displays the power-law behavior up to 70~cm$^{-1}$, with a
significantly nonmonotonic temperature dependence, as shown in
Figs.~\ref{fig:figure3}. As
lowering the temperature, the $E_{2g}$ continuum at low frequency increases
above 50~K and decreases below 50~K. The low-energy continuum evolves from a
sublinear behavior
$T^{\alpha}$ with $\alpha<1$ to a superlinear one $T^{\alpha}$ with
$\alpha>1$ as reducing the temperature.
A central question for the kagome spin liquid is whether a
spin gap exist. The results of the spin gap in Herbertsmithite
are controversial due to the difficulty of singling out the kagome
susceptibility.\cite{Fu2015,Khuntia2020} Previous results on the powder
samples of Cu3Zn suggest a small spin gap,\cite{Feng2017,Wei2017} and
measurements on the single-crystal samples would  be of great interest. If such a gap
exists, the power-law behavior of the $E_{2g}$ magnetic Raman continua  sets  an
upper bound for the spin gap of 2~meV.

The temperature-dependent magnetic continua of Cu3Zn in
Figs.~\ref{fig:figure2}d, e, and f, and Fig.~\ref{fig:figure3} imply the
maximal spin fluctuations at the characteristic temperature 50~K. The
maximum of the kagome spin fluctuations in Cu3Zn signifies the spin singlet
forming,\cite{Anderson1987,Lee2006} but is masked by the inter-layer Cu$^{2+}$ moments in the thermodynamic
properties [Supplementary Section1]. It can be revealed by the Knight shift
related to the kagome spins in the nuclear magnetic resonace
measurements.\cite{Feng2017}  In contrast to
significant energy dependence in magnetic Raman continuum in Cu3Zn in
Figs.~\ref{fig:figure2} and~\ref{fig:figure3}, the scattered neutron signal in
Herbertsmithite is overall insensitive to energy transfer, rather flat above
1.5~meV, but increases significantly at low-energy scattering due to the
interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ ions.\cite{Han2012,Han2016} The interlayer Cu$^{2+}$ ions
distribute spatially away from each other, and the spin-pair magnitude among
themselves and between them and kagome spins  is weak, giving rise to a negligible
matrix element in Raman tensors. So different from the neutron scattering, the
Raman scattering is not sensitive to the inter-layer Cu$^{2+}$ at
low energies, advantageous to the detection of kagome spins.
Furthermore, inelastic neutron scattering in
Herbertsmithite measures the magnetic continuum up to 2-3~$J$,\cite{Han2012} the
same energy range  as the one-pair Raman component in Cu3Zn. These results suggest that the magnetic Raman
continuum originates from the kagome-plane spins, and the one-pair component has an
origin of spinon excitations.

The theoretical calculation for kagome Dirac
spin liquid (DSL) predicts the power-law behavior for the Raman susceptibility
in the $E_{2g}$ channel at low frequency.\cite{Ko2010} The one-pair spinon
excitation in DSL gives the linear density of state
$\mathcal{D}_{\text{1P}}\propto \omega$.  The matrix element turns out to be
exactly zero for all one-pair excitations in the mean field Dirac Hamiltonian.
As a result a Raman spectrum that scales as $\omega^3$ was
predicted.\cite{Ko2010} However, the vanishing of the matrix element is somewhat
accidental and depends on the assumption of a DSL in a Heisenberg model in an
ideal kagome lattice. Any deviation from the ideal DSL state, \textit{e.g.} a
small gap in the ground state,\cite{Feng2017,Wei2017} DM interactions, or other
effects of perturbations,\cite{Bernu2020,Norman2020} changes the wave functions
and may result in a constant matrix element $M(\omega)$. In that case, the Raman
spectrum will be simply proportional to the DOS of the one-pair component
$\mathcal{D}_{\text{1P}}$ which is linear in $\omega$. From our fitting for Cu3Zn
in Fig.~\ref{fig:figure3}, we find that $\alpha=1.3$ when approaching zero
temperature. The existence of a small gap in the spinon spectrum may explain
this discrepancy. We also note that according to the theory~\cite{Ko2010} the
$A_{1g}$ and $A_{2g}$ contributions to the one-pair continuum are the
forth-order effect, much smaller than
the $E_{2g}$ contributions. This explains the invisible one-pair continuum in the
$A_{1g}$  and $A_{2g}$ channels.

Figure~\ref{fig:figure4} presents a control Raman study on the magnetic ordered
kagome antiferromagnet EuCu3, which has the antiferromagnetic superexchange
$J\simeq10$~meV, half of the value in Cu3Zn. EuCu3 belongs to the atacamite
family with the perfect kagome lattice and has the $\mathbf{q}=0$ type 120$^\circ$
ordered spin configuration below $T_N$ due to a large Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM)
interaction [Supplementary
Section8].\cite{Sun2016,Okuma2017,Puphal2018,Iida2020,Arh2020} Above the
ordering temperature $T_N=17$~K, the magnetic Raman continuum in the $E_{g}$
channel displays the extended continuum, similar to that in Zn-Barlowite at 4~K as shown
in Fig.S10 in Supplementary Section6. This indicates the strong magnetic
fluctuations in EuCu3. The less pronounced low-energy continuum
excitations in \ce{EuCu3(OH)6Cl3} indicate the suppression of the quantum
fluctuation due to a large DM interaction. The low energy excitation in the ordered state is the
spin-wave excitation, i.e.\  magnon, and the $E_{g}$ Raman scattering measures
one- and two-magnon excitations for the non-collinear 120$^\circ$ spin
configuration as detailed in the Methods section, leading to a sharp magnon peak
at 72~cm$^{-1}$ superimposing on the two-magnon continuum. In this sense, the AFM transition may be thought of as a confinement transition. The comparative
studies between Cu3Zn and EuCu3 are sketched in Fig.~\ref{fig:figure1},
demonstrating the spinon deconfinement and confinement, respectively, in the
different ground states.

\section{Conclusions}

Our Raman scattering studies  compare the spin dynamics in the kagome QSL
compound Cu3Zn and magnetically ordered antiferromagnet EuCu3. In contrast to a
sharp magnon peak in EuCu3, the overall magnetic Raman scattering in Cu3Zn agrees well
with the theoretical prediction for a spin liquid state. The spinon
continuum is evident, providing the strongest evidence yet for the kagome QSL
ground state in Cu3Zn. On the material side, Zn-Barlowite provides
an ideal structural realization of the kagome lattice, and the available
single crystal samples stimulate future systematical studies of the kagome QSL. Along with Herbertsmithite, the single-crystalline
Zn-Barlowite stands able to provide considerable insight into singling out the
intrinsic properties of the intrinsic nature of the kagome QSL, without
deceiving by the material chemistry details.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
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List of contacts awarded by the Town for more than $25 000 - 2020
Le Rodéo du camion donates $2000
The Centennial Committee is pleased to present our featured partner of this week! It is the famous Truck Rodeo of Notre-Dame-du-Nord. The Rodeo was more than generous with its donation of $ 2000! Don't miss the 40th edition of the Truck Rodeo, which will take place from July 22 to 25, 2021. On July 24, 2021, 4 country music groups will be on the stage, during the evening of the 40th of the Truck...
NOTICE - Regular Town Council meetings behind closed doors
January 2021 NOTICE ‐ Regular Town Council meetings behind closed doors The Town of Temiscaming informs you that in its efforts to limit the spread of the COVID-19 virus, the next council meetings will be held behind closed doors until further notice. If you have any questions, you can contact us by phone at 819-627-3273 or electronically at ville.temiscaming@temiscaming.net. Sophie...
COVID-19 - Ecocentre
The Centennial committee need your nominations for the Centennial Medals!
Now is the time to send in your nominations for the Centennial Medals! To nominate a deserving citizen, please complete the submission form below. The form is also available on our website, in the Programming section, Fall, then Centennial Medals section. Every application will receive the highest consideration....
COVID-19 - Closing of the Centre and Municipal Offices
Please take note that the Ecocentre remains open at the regular hours.
Unifor Local 233 donates $3000
The hundredth committee is back this week with a new partner! We are pleased to introduce Unifor Local 233, which is the union representing workers at Rayonier, in Temiscaming. They gave us a generous donation of $ 3000 for the centennial festivities! Unifor was officially formed on August 31, 2013 at a convention in Toronto. The day celebrated the union of the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW) and the...
Happy Holidays from the Centenial committee
🎅🏽🤶🏽☃🎄🦌🎁 The committee would like to wish all the citizens of Temiscaming and surroundings a very happy Holiday Season! We hope to be able to properly celebrate the anniversary of our beautiful town in 2021. Although the holiday season will be quite different this year, we wish you lots of happiness, love and unforgettable...
Dr. André Valiquette dental clinic donates $ 1,500
The 100th committee is proud to present our featured partner for this week! It is the Dr. André Valiquette dental clinic, which donated $ 1,500 for the centennial festivities! Formerly, the clinic belonged to Doctor Théberge, who practiced there for forty years. Dr Théberge had decided that he would not retire until a new dentist was ready to take over the clinic. In July 1984, it was Dr. André...
Pick up - Christmas trees
The 100th committee is looking for volunteers
We are taking a programming break this Thursday, in order to ask for your help! The 100th committee is looking for volunteers who will be available to help during our events in 2021. If you are 12 years of age and over and are interested in the challenge, go to our website to submit your application. You can indicate your availability and your physical condition. We thank you for your...
Municipal update - Number 8
2020-2021- Municipal offices - Schedule
Transport Clouâtre et fils donates $ 1,500
The 100th committee is pleased to present our featured partner this week! It is Transport Clouâtre et fils which made a donation of $ 1,500 for the 2021 festivities! Transport Clouâtre was founded by Jean-Guy Clouâtre in 1988. Mr. Clouâtre then sold the company to his son Martin in 2008. Martin, who had already worked there since the age of 13, continued to administer the business for several...
Fire prevention - Holiday season
Source : Gouv QC
End of fall 2021 - Christmas parage and special mass
This week we present you the final season of our celebratory year! During the fall of 2021, the centennial committee will participate in the traditional Christmas parade of the Club Richelieu, by creating a superb float! Finally, the festivities will end with a special mass, organized especially for the centennial of Temiscaming. With our varied programming, we hope that every citizen will be...
Closing - Licence bureau
Xmas decoration contest - Addresses
🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄Here are the participating addresses in the Xmas decorations contest. We hope you enjoy driving/walking around town finding them. There are so many beautifully decorated houses. The...
Stop 102 convenience store donates $1500
This week we introduce you to another local partner; the Stop 102 convenience store, located in Letang. We received a donation of $ 1,500 from them! In 2011, Cindy and Jim acquired the convenience store and did a lot of renovations. You can find everything there: groceries, medicines, gifts, take-out meals, computer equipment, etc. This isn't the first time Cindy and Jim have supported the 100th!...
Giant Puppets
This week, we present you Joanne Abbott's project: Community inspired giant puppet pageant which will be reflecting the past, present and future of TemiscamingThese giant puppets will need multiple hands to build and operate. As we come together to design a collaborative and/or individual puppet costume or mask, we invite you to honor and find inspiration in where you come from and the stories...
Transport R. Lambert donates $2000
The committee is pleased to present our featured partner this week! It is Transport R. Lambert, which made a donation of $ 2000 for the centennial festivities! Transport Richard Lambert is a various transport company, specializing in forest product transport. Transport Richard Lambert has been established for over twenty years and is located in Témiscaming itself. Another local and family owned...
The Glorious sons - Headliner for the September 4th show
Last June, we reveled the dates for the Reunion mega weekend and we promised you a dynamic programming, to mark the hundred years of the municipality. We are very proud to announce the headliner for the show on Saturday, September 4, 2021. Temiscaming will be celebrating its 100 year with one of the biggest rock bands in Canada: The Glorious Sons! The very energetic Canadian rockers are from...
Lifting of the notice to boil water
Labranche Entreprises becomes the first Pioneer Partner with a donation of $12,000
Labranche Entreprises has become our first Pioneer Partner. If you are familiar with our partnership plan, you will understand that Labranche Enterprises donated $ 12,000 for the hundredth of Témiscaming! Another local and family company that gets involved in the community! In 1981 the family business was founded by Mr. Vianney Labranche. Mr. Pascal Labranche started at the company as an...
Xmas decoration contest
PWGSC - Lan closures on Timiskaming Quebec Dam Bridge
Preventif notice - Water shut and boiling water advisory
The Centennial Cabaret
The train station Museum, in partnership with the centennial of Témiscaming, presents the Centennial Cabaret! The Centennial cabaret is an ephemeral terrace that will host music groups this summer, behind the station museum!Inspired by an initiative of the FME of Rouyn-Noranda, the cabaret is a place to gather and have a good time together, around a drink, while listening to a good show. We come...
IGA Famille Morneau donated $2000
Our local grocery store, IGA Famille Morneau, gave us a magnificent donation of $ 2000 for the centennial of Témiscaming!IGA Famille Morneau arrived in Témiscaming in 2014, ending a period of almost two years without a grocery store for our community. We can without a doubt say that the citizens of Témiscaming and the surrounding towns are all very grateful for the presence of this essential...
CANCELLATION- Preventif notice - Water shut and boiling water advisory
Centennial ambulatory show
The Train station Museum, in collaboration with the centennial of Témiscaming, present the Centennial ambulatory show.This is an interactive and historical play during which spectators are invited to explore the city of Témiscaming, walking and following a guide.You will pass through 14 stations such as the Museum, Ketchen Street Houses, Community Gardens, White Oaks, Marina and more. Each scene...
Garage Lacasse et frères donated $2500
The committee is very happy to announce the participation of Garage Lacasse et Frères in the centennial festivities! Their donation of $ 2,500 is greatly appreciated by all of us. What a great solidarity in our community!Sylvain and Richard's father acquired the garage in 1986, and they bought it from him in 1996. Since that time, Sylvain and Richard Lacasse have offered unparalleled mechanical...
During the reunion dinner on September 5, 2021, there will be an award ceremony. The Centennial awards are presented to residents of Témiscaming, who have contributed significantly or had a positive impact on the community, over the past 100 years.There will be five categories:-Health-Economic development-Art and culture-Volunteering-RecreationHere are the nomination criteria:-Must have been or...
Closing of municipal offices- Remembrance Day
Centanial - Details for the reunion dinner on September 5, 2021
Are you looking forward to the reunion dinner on September 5, 2021? We must admit that in the committee, we could not be more excited!First, the Eden Rouge, in St-Bruno-de-Guigues, will serve us an excellent gourmet dinner. During the meal, Anabelle Lefebvre will create a warm atmosphere with an acoustic performance.Then Dan and the boys will get the party started with a high energy show! Rob,...
Kebaowek First Nation donated $ 3000 for the centennial festivities
Kebaowek First Nation donated $ 3000 for the centennial festivities!The community of Kebaowek offers high quality services and entertainment to its members, which also extends to the citizens of Témiscaming and Kipawa, and even more! Whether it's with the Country Fest, or even Drumbeat Radio, Kebaowek's positive impact is felt on all of us.The 100th Committee would like to sincerely thank...
Kebaowek First Nation donated $ 3000
We are very happy to announce that Kebaowek First Nation donated $ 3000 for the centennial festivities!The community of Kebaowek offers high quality services and entertainment to its members, which also extends to the citizens of Témiscaming and Kipawa, and even more! Whether it's with the Country Fest, or even Drumbeat Radio, Kebaowek's positive impact is felt on all of us.The 100th Committee...
Brassette Temrose makes a donation of $ 6,000
This week we bring you a very successful business that is run entirely by women! The 5 of them own, among other things, an inn (Auberge Temrose), a restaurant (Brassette Temrose) and a business (Dollar or Deux Plus!), all very popular in the region! We are very happy to announce that the Brassette Temrose donated $ 6,000 for the centennial festivities! The whole committee would like to sincerely...
Subscribe to the citizen portal and be on the lookout for municipal alerts
Here are 2 instruction sheets that tell you the procedures to follow. Having trouble registering? You have questions? Please contact Julie Loyer at 819-627-3273 ext 102. CITIZENS ALERT - MOBILE APP MODE / JPEG VERSION CITIZENS ALERT - WEB-COMPUTER MODE / JPEG VERSION
MRCT - Collection of the green bins postponed
Source: MRCT The MRCT advises us that the collection of green bins (compost) will be postponed until November 9.
/Important information for clients who receive the Guaranteed Income Supplement
Employment and Social Development Canada and Service Canada would like to share important information with seniors who receive the Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor benefit. During the week of October 5, 2020, Service Canada sent reminder letters and Statement of Income forms to clients in receipt of these benefits whose income information for 2019 had not been...
Rayonier AM - Environmental emergency management fact sheet
Public Skating - Halloween
Champoux Électrique makes a donation of $ 3,000
This week, we present you another local family business, which will greatly contribute to the 100th anniversary celebrations! Champoux Électrique made a donation worth $ 3,000 for the centennial of Témiscaming. We sincerely want to thank them and are proud to see local companies joining forces to provide everyone with such great programming! Jennifer Larochelle, Finance Administration, Martin...
Info Temis - October 2020
Halloween in Temiscaming
Esso - Garage W. Lacasse makes a donation of $ 5,000
The Temiscaming centennial committee received another magnificent contribution from a local partner! We are proud to announce that Esso - Garage W. Lacasse made a donation of $ 5,000 so that citizens have access to grandiose festivities! The committee would like to thank them for their support! Brenda Lacasse, President of Garage W. Lacasse and Karen Lefebvre, Responsible of the Marketing and...
MRCT - La MRCT veut s'outiller pour mieux agir sur l'intégration des immigrants sur son territoire
The Caisse Desjardins du Témiscamingue makes a donation of $5000
We are fortunate to be able to count on the Desjardins movement to support local initiatives. The Caisse Desjardins du Témiscamingue is also always very involved in our community. This is why we are pleased to announce that the Caisse made a donation of $ 5,000 to help organize great festivities! We would like to thank them for their generous donation! François Prévost, General manager and...
FLD renovation center made a donation of $ 8,000 to the Centennial committee
The centennial committee is proud to announce FLD renovation center has made a generous donation of $ 8,000! This is a local business established in our community for several years. The owners are also from Témiscaming. That's why they are committed to providing everyone with unforgettable celebrations. Our official sign and some Centennial promo items will be available soon in their store!...
Contest - Automne en mouvement
Source : CISSSAT
Dottori Hall is postponing its remaining 2020 shows
Dottori Hall has the regret to inform you that the remainder of our 2020 shows have been postponed to a later date. We pride ourselves in offering you the best experience possible when it comes to entertainment, and with the current government guidelines we aren't in a position to do so. A decision regarding 2021 shows will be made at a later date. Refunds for all postponed shows will be paid out...
Official sign at the two town entrances
The Centennial Committee is proud to present our official sign, which is now installed at the two town entrances (Highway 101 heading south and Highway 63 heading west)!We would like to thank two of our valuable members, Mr. Philippe Barrette and Mr. Regis Bérubé for clearing the area. We also want to thank our kind volunteer Nick Cliche for the installation!
Rayonier Advanced Materials donated $20000 to the Centennial committee!
Our feature this week is Rayonier Advanced Materials, which donated $20000! This is a substantial amount that will allow the organisation of high-quality festivities for our population! There will be a full page dedicated to them in each of the four centennial souvenir magazines! We would like to thank RYAM sincerely for their great generosity! On this picture: Lise Gingras, Director Employee &...
Temiscaming centennial's official Fodd Truck
We present you La Boîte à Lunch, Temiscaming centennial's official Food Truck! You can now admire our logo. Corey and his truck will be present during the festivities to provide delicious food to the crowd!
Registration - Aquafitness
Info Temis - September 2020
Info Temis - Sept 2020 - PDF version
MRCT - Tips and Tactics - What happens to materials placed in the blue bin?
MRCT - Tips and Tactics - Small animals
Wearing a Face Covering
new Bciti Platform for our Citizens
Opening of the playgroungs, skate park and ballpark
Opening of the Administrative Offices of the Town Hall
THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE REVEALS THE DATES OF THE MEGA REUNION WEEKEND! Click here to consult the press release
Changes to Tax Payment Arrangements
Spring Cleanup Campaign
Cleanup Campaign - Cottage Sector
Use of drinkable water
Ban on open fires. The Abitibi-Témiscamingue region is affected by this measure.
Notice - Flushing the Water Distribution System
Support to enterprises
Message to dog and cat owners
Disinfecting & Cleaning Wipes
The Ecocentre in Témiscaming
Snow removal in Temiscaming
Be vigilant at the time of snow removal operations. Make sure you are seen by the operator before you approach it. For those concerned by parking in the back lanes, make sure to leave enough space for the snowplow. Also, pick up your bins as soon as possible after collection so as not to interfere with snow removal. Be also advised that it is forbidden to throw snow or ice from a private property...
Temporary closure of Kipawa Road
CLOSURE OF KIPAWA ROAD IN FRONT OF 550, KIPAWA ROAD (CLOSE TO UNIPRIX) Part of Kipawa Road, in front of 550, Kipawa Road (close to Uniprix), will be closed for the day Tuesday October 29th from 7:30 am for main works repairs. Please respect signage.
In order to best meet your expectations regarding the Town of Témiscaming's centennial celebrations, we wish to hear the voices of those who have our municipality at heart! Complete the survey!
Beginning of the hunting season - A call to caution in all areas
Gatineau, le 24 septembre 2019 ‐ In the next few days, there will be more and more hunters that will begin to practice their favorite activity in isolated areas. That is why the Sûreté du Québec wants to remind hunters of a few safety tips in order to assure them of a hunting season without undesired incidents. Every year, the officers of the Sûreté du Québec are asked to intervene because...
Inspection of fire hydrants
The firm Aqua Data Inc. will inspect the fire hydrants in the week of September 23th, 2019. Thereafter, the Town of Témiscaming will be flushing the water distribution system during the from October 7th for about 2 weeks. This will cause variations in water pressure and the water may also display a temporary rust colouring.
Welcome to Temiscaming's 100th Anniversary website
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Notice - Trees trimming 2019
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Home » Politics » Varadkar to pin election hopes on Brexit boost
Varadkar to pin election hopes on Brexit boost
mediabest 01/13/2020 Varadkar to pin election hopes
Taoiseach Leo Varadkar is poised to call an early election this week in a bid to capitalise on the success of Brexit negotiations.
Senior Fine Gael figures have predicted Mr Varadkar will dissolve the Dáil by Thursday at the latest, with a view to going to the polls as early as February 7.
It comes as Mr Varadkar strongly signalled he is holding off on calling the election until after his meeting with British Prime Minister Boris Johnson today and the visit to Dublin of European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen on Wednesday.
The Government's record on Brexit – and Mr Varadkar's part in securing a deal – is set to be a key pillar of Mr Varadkar's pitch for re-election.
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Mr Varadkar emphasised his relationship with key European leaders while refusing to be drawn on the date of the election last night.
Meanwhile, the Irish Independent has learned visits by former senior EU officials Jean-Claude Juncker and Donald Tusk may be on the cards as part of Mr Varadkar's efforts to win the election.
The Taoiseach emphasised the importance of Brexit to the campaign when he addressed a private Fine Gael meeting on Friday, saying it's only "half-time" in the process.
He added: "We're about 1-0 up" and it's "definitely not the time to switch the team".
Fine Gael has already started attacks on Fianna Fáil leader Micheál Martin and his front bench team's ability to tackle Brexit.
Fianna Fáil's Brexit spokesperson responded by branding such attacks as "cheap mudslinging" and arguing the public won't be impressed by such tactics. Mr Varadkar fuelled speculation he would dissolve the Dáil this week by confirming he had made the decision on the timing of the election but was refusing to name the date.
A series of senior Fine Gael sources pointed to Friday, February 7 – just a week after the UK is due to leave the EU – as the most likely date for voters to cast their ballots. One source predicted the Dáil "will definitely be dissolved by Thursday" – the day after the State dinner for Ms Von der Leyen – while another suggested the election date may be announced that day.
There is a growing consensus among ministers that Mr Varadkar plans to go to the country on February 7, although the Taoiseach is keeping his intentions close to his chest.
He told RTÉ it was always his view the election should be in the summer of 2020 but "the circumstances have changed".
He said there was now a deal on Brexit and the Northern Ireland institutions were up and running but also there was the "reality" of the change to the arithmetic in the Dáil.
It was confirmed at the weekend Mr Varadkar's Government no longer had the numbers to survive a no-confidence vote. Fianna Fáil TD John McGuinness said he would defy his party and vote in favour of a threatened no-confidence motion in Health Minister Simon Harris.
Meanwhile, it is understood Independent TD Noel Grealish, on whom the Government relies for support, would abstain, meaning the Government would be defeated.
Mr Varadkar said there was "unfinished business" he wanted to get done before the election. This is understood to include Ms von der Leyen's visit and the meeting with Mr Johnson at Stormont this morning. Mr Varadkar also wants to speak to the Cabinet and the leaders of the Opposition and is due to meet Mr Martin as early as tomorrow.
It is believed the visit of Ms Von der Leyen will help remind voters of the successful role of the Taoiseach and Tánaiste Simon Coveney in the Brexit negotiations.
And while she is constrained from direct political involvement in Ireland, other key EU figures who have left office are expected to lend election support.
A senior source suggested there may well be visits from Mr Juncker and Mr Tusk, both of whom are aligned with the European People's Party (EPP), which includes Fine Gael.
Mr Varadkar highlighted his contacts in Europe, saying: "I've built up enormous relationships over the past couple of years. I think they're a value to the country and I hope the country will think so too."
Aggressively targeting Fianna Fáil leader Mr Martin and his alternative Brexit team will form a key line of attack for Fine Gael.
Last night, one minister questioned if voters would believe Mr Martin could "field a better team" than Mr Varadkar and said: "We'll be linking everything back to this."
A Fianna Fáil spokesman hit back, claiming: "With absolute chaos in our health system and their complete failure on housing, it is perhaps not surprising that straight out of the traps they want to launch personal attacks."
Fianna Fáil moved to appoint its deputy leader Dara Calleary as the party's director of elections just hours after Mr Varadkar's interview.
Mr Calleary said last night his party was "ready to fight and win the next general election, whenever it may be".
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Barbara Gorayska is Polish by birth and has been a British citizen since 1974. She lived and worked in Hong Kong between 1990 and 2002 and her active pursuit of Fine Art, particularly figurative oil painting, commenced in 2006.
Gorayska's academic background in Linguistic Semantics and the Pragmatics of Natural Language, as a result of a University education in both Poland and the United Kingdom, evolved into Cognitive Technology research and academic work in Human-Computer Interface Design, both in the UK and Hong Kong. This informs the development of her particular interest in the interface between science and visual art. She is committed to exploring meanings and issues that can be communicated through the poetry of painting.
In the realm of science Gorayska is fascinated by many of the current advances in Physics and Cosmology, in particular the notion of parallel universes. The similarities she uncovers in both scientific and religious dialogues regarding the origins of life on Earth make her heart rejoice! She pays close attention to what is happening in the realm of human advancement, bioengineering, robotics, wearable technologies and all other, related, innovating disciplines that could potentially (in a Darwinian fashion) alter us as a species.
Since 2011 Gorayska has been working on a collection of paintings connected with her Artists' residency with the Oxford University Research projects: "Framework for Responsible Research and Innovation in Information and Communication Technologies" (FRRIICT) and "Digital Wildfire". In her own words: "Visual art, unlike sequentially processed texts, has a more immediate impact on the spectator and is licensed to address situations in their extreme. Consequently, the paintings stand a good chance to further reinforce the need for an in-depth understanding of ethical issues and dilemmas that permeate technological progress in a digital age."
– Amy Letts
Barbara Gorayska paints in oils what she observes to be happening around all of us: in our digital, global culture the old order has been disintegrating faster than ever and the new one has not yet fully emerged. The images that capture her imagination are set in a space where different realities transform into one another. Of paramount importance to her are borderlines between the abstract and the real; the old and the new; the personal and the public; the ugly and the beautiful; the moral and the amoral (or the immoral).
On canvas the multivalent images, where multiple dimensions of reality meet, emerge slowly and at times erratically. With each modification paintings acquire a new identity. Multiple dimensions of reality are not always instantly recoverable. None of Gorayska's completed works are ever "finished"; to her the continuity of the working process highlights and reminds us of those all pervading qualities and insights found in vision and life itself.
Barbara Gorayska is a strong believer in the Renaissance principle of the Engaged Spectator. To that effect she has adopted a questioning perspective; those that look at her art often find themselves participating in the scenes that confront them and feel called upon to search for answers in their own hearts. Some have detected subtle traces of Polish Romanticism within her work.
She often incorporates a selective, relevant, and symbolic voice of the old masters, which in modern contexts creates an aura of eternal truths about what it means to be human. Her main inspirations to date have been:
Caravaggio, who dared put villains in the limelight and whose work, in the words of Simon Schama, cries out 'Truth" above all else
Turner and Rothko's atmospheric use of colour
Picasso's Guernica; Goya's painting for posterity
David's skill, pointed out by Tom Gretton, to give true power to his work not by what he allowed us see in it but by what he chose to exclude
Giorgione's stormy landscape surrounding social outcasts; Bruegel's biblical allegories
Chagall and his dream-like world; Leonardo's emotive group narratives and his ability to encrypt himself in the picture
Ensor's love of masks and Pacheco's modernised religious tales.
Unlike her renowned predecessors she often "dresses up" contemporary situations in the "garments" of the past. To her the language of art has a continuity that is timeless.
Some of Gorayska's early works are reminiscent of church murals such as the Doom: Heaven and Hell in South Leigh and the Virgin and Child in South Newington, Oxfordshire. Two major sources of contemporary inspiration for her work in support of the FRIICT project are: the "Human Enhancement" seminar, Oxford University, 23 November, 2011, and the "Uncomfortable Interactions" research of Steve Benford and Brendan Walker discussed at the FRIICT Ethics Retreat, Oxford, 2012.
2014 – 2016 Artist in Residence, Digital Wildfire, Oxford University
2011 – 2014 Artist in Residence, FRRIICT, Oxford University
2009 – Present Member of the Oxford Art Society (by invitation)
Solo:
19 June 2014 Multiverse, FRRIICT Final Showcase Event, Science Museum, London.
April 2012 Moral Playground, Said Business School, Oxford.
July 2007 Borderlines, Jam Factory, Oxford.
Group shows:
2013 ICT2013, European Commission Conference, Vilnius.
2012 Oxford Art Society Member Exhibition
2006 – 2009 Oxford Art Society Open Exhibitions
2008 'A Gesture to Red Store', Lerryn, Cornwall.
2007 Museum of Modern Art Oxford open exhibition.
2007 'Shadows and Silhouettes', Oxford Arts Festival.
2007 'Art Trail', Ulverston, Cumbria.
2007 'Shadow World', Interactive Painting Installation, Oxford-Brookes.
2007 Diploma in Art and Design from the Oxford-Brookes University
Art Related Publication
Gorayska, Barbara (2009). "Pragmatic Acts in Fine Art: A Question", in B. Fraser and K. Turner, (eds.) Language in Life and Life in Language: Jacob Mey – A Festschrift. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, 111-120.
Barbara Gorayska spent most of her university career investigating how people fabricate, interpret and adapt to their environments, in particular how they decide what is relevant and how their use of tools impacts on that process. For many years she taught computer science undergraduates to design human-computer interfaces that were easy to use.
Her own research passion has always been placed elsewhere. "If," says Gorayska, "tools, especially digital ones, could augment human intelligence in a profound way (and I believe they do), brain/mind-technology-world interfaces ought to be humane." A search for design methodologies to construct such interfaces became internationally known as Cognitive Technology (CT).
1987 Postgraduate Diploma in Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge-Based Systems from the Knowledge-Based Systems Centre at the Polytechnic of the South Bank, London
1985 PhD in General Linguistics from University College London
1976 MPhil in English and Education from the Institute of Education of the University of London
1972 MA in English Philology from the University of Warsaw, Poland
Full-Time Employment History
1990- 2002 Associate Professor in Computer Science, City University Hong Kong
1987- 1990 Postdoctoral Research Fellow, CMS, Oxford-Brookes University
University affiliations
2002- 2004 Affiliated Visitor, Department of Social and Political Sciences, University of Cambridge
Significant contributions (In collaboration with Roger Lindsay, Jonathon Marsh and Jacob Mey)
Extended Theory of Relevance
Cognitive Technology (CT) as a scholarly discipline
Seminal, international, CT conferences
Special journal-issue on CT
International Journal of Cognition and Technology (subsequently a part of the Pragmatics and Cognition journal)
Publications most reflective of my interests and research
Gorayska, Barbara, 1998. Cognitive Technology. In: Jacob L. Mey, ed., Concise Encyclopedia of Pragmatics, 132-134. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd. (Extended version, 2nd edition 2009, 78-79)
Gorayska, Barbara and Jacob L. Mey, 1996. Of Minds and Men, an Introduction. In: Barbara Gorayska and Jacob L. Mey, eds, Cognitive Technology: In Search of a Humane Interface, 1-27. Amsterdam: North Holland.
Gorayska, Barbara and Jonathon P. Marsh, 1996. Epistemic Technology and Relevance Analysis: Rethinking Cognitive Technology. In: Barbara Gorayska and Jacob L. Mey, eds. Cognitive Technology: In Search of a Humane Interface, 27-41. Amsterdam: North Holland.
Gorayska, Barbara, Jonathon P. Marsh and Jacob L. Mey, 2001. Cognitive Technology: Tool or Instrument? In: Meurig Beynon, Christopher L. Nehaniv and Kerstin Dautenhahn, eds, Cognitive Technology: Instruments of Mind, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference, CT 2001, 1-17. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Lindsay, Roger and Barbara Gorayska, 2004. Relevance, Goal Management and Cognitive Technology. In: Barbara Gorayska and Jacob L. Mey, eds, Cognition and Technology, 63-109. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.


I'm sure there are some men who never leave their first love, but I don't actually know of any. I only know a few who found love on the second time around.
For ten years I thought I was one of those lucky people. After divorcing a runabout who constantly cheated on me, and attempted to kill me three times before I figured out what was going on, I moved in with a charming fellow I believed him to be my soulmate. He wasn't perfect, but I loved him dearly.
There were many red flags, but I ignored them all.
After ten years together, one night he announces he 'might' be in love with someone else, but he's not sure, so he asked me to remain in his house, sleeping in his bed, while he got to know this other lady better.
In less than a month, I had bought my own house far away from his, and headed off to New Zealand, Fiji, and Australia to heal. I had a fine time with several fellows, but I wasn't letting anyone hurt my heart again.
However, before I scare you off this story, Carla does keep trying to find her true love.
David didn't leave Carla's house until just a few minutes before his shift. He didn't dare, given Steve was out of control. Every time he turned around, Steve had that poor woman in tears again.
The bathroom was too small to accommodate the wheelchair, which meant that someone would have to carry Steve six feet into the bathroom and place him on the toilet. Steve was a big guy: six five, one hundred and seventy-five pounds. It was not physically possible for Carla to do it. Hell, David struggled with the task.
When David told Steve he'd have to use a bedpan until he got better, that sent Steve in a fury, cursing Carla for the day she was born. She gave it back for the first five minutes, but then he started hitting below the belt.
She glared at him. "I've had enough men in my life, thank you.
She ran from the room, fleeing Steve's taunts.


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IPCC climate mitigation report highlights need for massive change to current emissions reduction pledges
Posted by CVF Editor
4 April 2022, DHAKA: The findings of the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group III Report, 'Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change', confirms that the last decade recorded the highest increase in global emissions in the history of the planet.
The WG III contribution to IPCC focusing on mitigation confirms that developed countries are the most responsible for greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, and while they are making efforts to reduce emissions, efforts need to be accelerated within the next two years to stop the world from heating beyond 1.5 degrees.
The Working Group II Report on Adaptation, Impacts, and Vulnerability, released last month, outlined the consequences of not limiting temperature increases to 1.5 degrees Celsius. The report on mitigation released today makes it clearer than ever that the window of opportunity to accomplish this is rapidly closing.
According to the report, a 1.5 degrees pathway requires CO2 emissions to be reduced by 48% by 2030 and achieve net zero emissions by 2050. It confirms that under the current commitments from countries to reduce emissions, the world is on a path to global warming of 3.2 degrees, which will lead to irreversible climate risks. Taking action this decade is especially for those from the most vulnerable nations living on the frontlines of the climate crisis.
A cleaner, safer and more sustainable future is achievable, but there is a need for a major shift away from fossil fuels starting with diverting fossil fuel subsidies to renewable energy and storage. The current emission reduction pledges from major polluting countries are not enough. Wealthy nations must deliver on their promises made during COP26 in Glasgow.
This includes ensuring developed countries deliver the USD 100 billion per year in climate finance to developing countries which they pledged under the UNFCCC processes.
CVF Founding Chair, CVF Thematic Ambassador for Ambition, Speaker of the People's Majlis and Former President of Maldives, H.E. Mohamed Nasheed, said: "The IPCC has confirmed that the world is now perilously close to breaching the Paris Agreement target of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees. Meanwhile, progress towards clean energy is far too slow, and vulnerable developing countries are struggling to find funding to support their own transition away from fossil fuels. We must rebuild the momentum we saw prior to COP26, because our collective survival depends upon it."
CVF Thematic Ambassador for Renewable Energy, Chair of the UNFCCC Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA), H.E. Tosi Mpanu Mpanu, said: "We are at a crossroads in human history. We have the scientific knowledge to ascertain that current efforts to reduce carbon emissions are inadequate. We also know that investing in renewable energy is a more cost-effective and long-term solution. In the last decade, for example, the cost of solar energy has dropped by 85 percent. We must follow science's lead and make decisions that protect vulnerable communities and people. Simply put, this means turning off the tap on dirty energy sources and committing the funds required for a clean energy transition."
Special Envoy of the CVF Presidency of Bangladesh, H.E. Abul Kalam Azad, said: "The world already faces unavoidable multiple climate hazards over the next two decades with global warming of 1.5°C (2.7°F). The AR6 reminds us that breaching 1.5°C spells devastation for climate vulnerable economies and communities. Increased climatic events in the form of flood, drought, heat stress builds pressure on agriculture, water, fisheries, health, biodiversity and various sectors across economies giving rise to cascading crises. We must take stock of the latest reports and more innovative technology we have available to stimulate collective climate action. It is our duty to respond to the clarion call to protect what is left."
CVF Incoming Presidency Ghana, Dr Emmanuel Tachie-Obeng, said: "The IPCC report on mitigation highlights the urgent need to end our reliance on fossil fuels. The African Continent is the most vulnerable to devastating climate impacts if global warming surpasses the 1.5 degrees threshold. Our economics, food, water, health and land is at risk. Millions of lives will be affected if we do not act. Time is running out. But we still have a short window to make transformative changes and move towards cleaner energy sources to give our people, and those from the frontlines, a fighting chance."
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Jared was 10 years old in February 2013 when he became Susan's companion. He was her second senior dog adopted from AZ Poodle Rescue. This summer the two of them went through Therapy Dogs Incorporated training. Susan completed the Banner Boswell Hospital Volunteer Orientation and they have started visiting patients in the hospital and rehab facility in Sun City. What a delightful way to spread joy to the senior community!
Jared rides shotgun in the van while Susan drives across country to visit family and friends. In June, Jared spent ten days in Dog Hollow with Susan's grandson, Max, and his three cousins at the other grand parents' home in south eastern Ohio. It was the best ten days of his life. He got to follow the boys around the fields, play in the creek, bark at the cows on the other side of the fence (Jared made sure they stayed out of the yard), chase the goats and the farm cats, and sleep on the floor next to Max. Jared was off leash the whole ten days and loved it!
Last summer we drove across I-10 from Phoenix to Florida. We were delayed outside El Paso at a boarder patrol station. The officer asked if my girl friend and I were American citizens, then asked if there were any others in the van. I said just my Standard Poodle Jared. He said he would record our vehicle as having two Americans and a four-legged Frenchman! Fun!
Jared can still catch a tennis ball, despite having one cloudy eye, and is eager to sit and shake hands, if he smells a treat. What a good boy! If I have been away a few days, when I return, he jumps and leaps and twirls with excitement. That is his unconditional LOVE in action.


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Q: IndexError in Python Function when iterating thru a split string with Range and Len methods Problem Statement: I am attempting to write a function that accepts a string and list.

*

*A string of words which I will use the .split() method to turning into a list

*make all words in list lowercase to make checking uniform

*iterate thru the list checking to see if the string list has words that are in the array.

*If they are it will remove the word

*join the list of non-filler words back into a string

Traceback:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 55, in <module>
    no_filler = remove_filler_words(no_punction,filler_words);
  File "main.py", line 37, in remove_filler_words
    word_list[cap_word] = word_list[cap_word].lower()
IndexError: list index out of range

Code:
def remove_filler_words(cleaned_string:string, filler_words:list):
    cleaned_sentence = ""
    word_list = cleaned_string.split()
    for cap_word in range(len(word_list)):
        word_list[cap_word] = word_list[cap_word].lower()
        for filler_word in filler_words:
            if filler_word in word_list:
                word_list.remove(filler_word)
                line_join = " ".join(word_list)
                cleaned_sentence += line_join

 return cleaned_sentence

Replit: https://replit.com/join/dpxpwamhgy-terry-brooksjr

A: Try to create the duplicate of  word_list, e.g. copy_word_list and delete words from this variable.
code will be like this:
def remove_filler_words(cleaned_string:string, filler_words:list):
    cleaned_sentence = ""
    word_list = cleaned_string.split()
    #create duplicate
    copy_word_list = word_list
    for cap_word in range(len(word_list)):
        word_list[cap_word] = word_list[cap_word].lower()
        # modify words to lower case in copy_word_list
        copy_word_list[cap_word] = copy_word_list[cap_word].lower()
        for filler_word in filler_words:
            if filler_word in word_list:
                #remove from copy
                copy_word_list.remove(filler_word)
                line_join = " ".join(word_list)
                cleaned_sentence += line_join

 return cleaned_sentence

A: Here's the solution I came up with:
def remove_filler_words(cleaned_string, filler_words):
    word_list = cleaned_string.split()
    new_word_list = []
    for cap_word in range(len(word_list)):
        lower_word = word_list[cap_word].lower()
        new_word_list.append(lower_word)
        for filler_word in filler_words:
            if filler_word in new_word_list:
                new_word_list.remove(filler_word)
                cleaned_sentence = " ".join(new_word_list)

    return cleaned_sentence

I added all of the lowercase words, saved to lower_word, to a new list to account for the index error. Then, instead of having an empty list declared at the beginning, I assigned the cleaned_sentence variable to the join function which produces the expected result when returned.

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text:
Q: 'git pull' reverts changes made by others I am using a git repository with other people to work on a document. When I pull, the changes made by others are reverted, and this reversion is considered as a change that I made. Of course, if I commit it and push it, I propagate this bad version to the repo.
This is not the first time I am working with other people through git, but this is the first time this happens to me. And it happens almost every time I pull.
I really don't understand how it is possible.
Thank you
EDIT:
Output of git config -l:
user.email=***
user.name=***
push.default=matching
core.repositoryformatversion=0
core.filemode=false
core.bare=false
core.logallrefupdates=true
remote.origin.url=***.git
remote.origin.fetch=+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
branch.master.remote=origin
branch.master.merge=refs/heads/master
branch.name1.remote=origin
branch.name1.merge=refs/heads/name1
branch.name2.remote=origin
branch.name2.merge=refs/heads/name2

EDIT 2:
I made this experiment:
git pull
git commit -a -m "bad version"
git checkout (hash of penultimate commit)

I obtain the version I am looking for (the last version published by the others). But it is unusable, as the HEAD is detached.
EDIT 3:
OK. I think there is a conflict between git and TeXmaker. After git pull, I have unstaged changes (the files which should have been modified stay as they are). When I run git reset --hard if the document is used by TeXmaker, it does nothing, and if TeXmaker is closed, git reset --hard works (the document returns to its state in the last commit).

A: It turns out that this behavior is due to an unexpected interaction between git and TeXmaker, the software I use to edit the document. If the document is open in TeXmaker, git pull does not change the document, then causes the problem I described.
The solution could be: close TeXmaker, then pull and reopen TeXmaker. Or use another software, I think.