The Southern United States is home to some of the most diverse forests on the planet. Dogwood Alliance exists to defend those forests and support the communities and ecosystems that rely on them for survival.
As we expose forest destruction, we also champion new models that make possible an economy that values forests for more than the wood they contain.
This report details our work over the past year and lays out our goals for the years to come.
Forests are so much more than just a source of timber. They provide us with abundant drinking water, clean air, carbon storage and storm protection. These are bare necessities. When we ask how much forests are worth, we need to be asking how much life is worth.
The only sensible answer is that forests are priceless.
Yet destruction from industrial logging is happening at a scale unmatched in human history, and the South continues to be a global ground zero.
We believe that the protection of forests is more critical today than it ever has been. We believe that carbon emissions from destructive logging are grossly underestimated. We believe that industrial logging is a major reason for what scientists are calling the 6th Great Extinction because we are losing the Earth's plant and animal species at an unprecedented rate.
Dogwood is a leader in not only pushing back the threats, but in shifting our economic and cultural paradigm toward regeneration, away from destruction.
Coastal wetland forests in the Southeast are a critical ecosystem now under threat from biomass logging.
Our past victories have set the stage for bigger things to come. Dogwood's most effective moments are ahead of us. Here you'll see an update on our year gone by and the impact we've had. You'll also get a sense of the scope of our ambitions and just what it will take to get us there.
Thank you for supporting our work so far. We look forward to continuing this journey together.
Forests are vital to our future. Southern forests in particular are critical for mitigating climate change, protecting our water sources and sustaining the diversity of life regionally and globally. At Dogwood Alliance, this understanding has inspired our work for the past 19 years and will continue to be our driving principle.
Though forests are increasingly recognized for their environmental, cultural and economic value, global deforestation and degradation rates remain high. According to WRI research, 30% of global forest cover has been lost, while another 20% has been degraded, and most of the rest has been fragmented, leaving only 15% intact globally. Recently forest disturbance at the hands of intensive industrial forestry in the Southeast US was four times greater than that of South American rainforests.
Given the massive threat that climate change represents, we need to alter the way we think about forests. Forests store a tremendous amount of greenhouse gases – nearly a third of the emissions from burning fossil fuels every year. 12% of global emissions are due to deforestation and degradation. Restoring, protecting and responsibly managing forests are some of the most efficient and cost-effective counters to climate change.
Southern forests are the most biodiverse in the US and are home to a dazzling array of wildlife and other species that live nowhere else on Earth. They provide a wide range of ecosystem services vital for communities. Forests breathe in and store carbon from the atmosphere, protecting our climate; they filter drinking water for communities, control erosion, protect us from floods and keep our coastal communities safe from major storm events. In fact, forests provide $64 billion worth of ecosystem services every year in the US, and investing in the preservation of intact ecosystems yields returns of 100 to 1.
Thanks to Dogwood Alliance and our allies around the region, the greening of the pulp and paper industry in the US South has taken hold. We have moved from simply creating pressure for change through our historic public campaigns to working in partnership to improve forest management practices on the ground across the region.
In 2014, we worked to guide International Paper to largely invest in the conservation and restoration of Endangered Forests in the region and become the worldwide leader in Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified paper. (FSC is the highest standard of forest certification there is.) We worked with Georgia-Pacific to map and eliminate Endangered Forests from their supply. We also worked closely with Domtar, supporting their move to 100% FSC certified products and helping them become the first company to integrate forest carbon management into their practices.
Our work with these industry giants culminated in the launch of our groundbreaking Green Grades: The Paper Industry Progress Report, ranking five large paper producers in the Southern US against key criteria for forest sustainability.
Facing the growing impacts of climate change, we believe that forests are most valuable when they are left standing. The Carbon Canopy project works to bring together corporations, landowners, foresters and conservationists to demonstrate that protecting and responsibly managing forests can supply forest products while providing climate benefit value and other environmental services like clean drinking water and flood protection.
Dogwood Alliance and Staples, Inc. developed the Carbon Canopy program to explore the potential for leveraging the emerging carbon market to expand forest conservation and FSC certification on private lands in the South. As a model demonstration project, the initiative has provided many learnings about aligning best practices in forest management with carbon markets that will inform landowners and large wood consuming sectors for years to come.
In 2014, we successfully completed one of the very first forest carbon conservation projects in the country that will keep 9,700 acres of diverse Southern hardwood forests standing, removing carbon from the atmosphere and storing it over the next 100 years.
European "renewable" energy policies aren't always at the forefront of US citizens' minds—but when Europe starts burning Southern forests for fuel and calling it "green", we Americans have to take note.
2014 was a big year for the Our Forests Aren't Fuel campaign. We did a lot of investigative fieldwork, following logging trucks and documenting the destructive practices of the wood pellet industry on the valuable bottomland hardwood wetland forests. We took key decision-makers and international media to witness the impacts of European policy firsthand, resulting in millions of people learning about the dangers of woody biomass and the UK government releasing a report showing that burning wood cannot be assumed to be climate friendly. We supported local community efforts across the region to fight back against an industry impacting their local environment and quality of life. We joined a delegation of US and European organizations to bring our evidence and stories from people in the region directly to decision-makers in the UK and EU. We sat down with the two biggest players in the industry, Enviva and Drax, challenging them to change. We also worked here in the US to ensure the EPA does not make the same mistakes as European policy makers.
At the end of 2014, we held a direct action at the Enviva wood pellet export facility in Chesapeake, VA and inspired 50,000 Americans to send SOS (Save Our Southern Forests) messages to Ed Davey, UK Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, urging him to protect Southern Forests. All our efforts resulted in dramatically slowing the momentum of this industry, with several proposed biomass facility plans being abandoned and the UK government withholding subsidies, investing instead in real clean energy like wind power.
While burning of American-sourced biomass continues in Europe, we have already seen shifts from utility companies and in EU policy and subsidies to address policy loopholes and issues of sustainability. The reduction in subsidies has left industry scrambling to find funds and respond to growing criticism. As a result, Drax has scaled back their expansion plans.
People learned about the dangers of burning wood for energy via a Chinese CCTV Dogwood news story.
James (JC) Woodley of the Greenville Cypress Group of the Sierra Club and friends attend Forest Fest in Wilmington, NC. JC is from Garysburg, NC, and has witnessed firsthand the devastating effects of Enviva's wood pellet facility.
Dogwood Alliance is engaging with affected communities across the Southeast, working to document impacts and amplify the voices of citizens who envision a more just and sustainable future for their forests and homes.
In 2014, we marched with frontline communities at the Climate March in New York City. We formed strong partnerships with three key communities in North Carolina (Wilmington, Garysburg and Sampson County). We worked with CCTV America to produce their November 2014 article "US Wood Pellet Industry Stirs Environmental Controversy", addressing community concerns with a segment featuring our ally and partner Belinda Joyner from Garysburg, NC. Finally, we released a short video entitled "Injustice in Northampton", highlighting the harmful impacts rural communities throughout the region face.
Dogwood staff also engaged in key planning and strategy development efforts to support community leaders in stopping new wood pellet facilities from being constructed. Increasingly, community members living near existing or proposed facilities are turning to Dogwood for resources and support. In 2015, Dogwood Alliance will produce a second documentary and an organizing toolkit while supporting local leaders in four states as they strive to protect their communities.
We are investing in new capacity to both ensure effective program execution and expand our reach to engage even more people. We're building a movement strong enough to not only push back current threats to Southern forests, but also to create a legacy of scaled-up forest protection. We can't win without sound science, proof of forest destruction, high-profile communications and a groundswell of public engagement and support for good policy solutions. Having the organizational infrastructure to manage growth is equally important. That's why we ramped up investments in organizing, research, advocacy, communications and outreach in 2013 and 2014, and we are planning for continued growth in these areas in 2015 and 2016.
Increase our leadership on forests and climate policy nationally and globally, ensuring that policy-makers worldwide do not make the same mistakes Europe has made.
Scale up forest protection and conservation regionally with strong partnerships and a vision focused around protecting important forests of the US South.
Elevate the socio-economic and justice issues inherent in forest destruction to build power and increase the voice of directly impacted communities.
Change the public conversation about industrial forestry so that we begin to appreciate standing forests for all the values they provide, including clean drinking water, flood protection and carbon storage, recognizing forests as a place for spiritual renewal, not just as wood, paper and energy.
The forests of the Southern United States are a national and global treasure that cover over 200 million acres and contain the highest concentration of tree species diversity in North America, the highest concentration of freshwater aquatic diversity in the world and the highest concentration of forested wetlands in the US.
Southern forests produce more wood and paper products than any other country in the world. The conversion of natural forests to intensively managed pine plantations has impacted tens of millions of acres of forests across the region and resulted in a significant loss of biodiversity. Plantations are projected to represent 25% of Southern forests by 2040.
As we near our 20th anniversary, we look forward to the next 20 years of forest protection. We are thinking big. We have already begun engaging large corporations, land owners and partners as well as allied organizations in meaningful conversations to begin mapping what a large-scale conservation and restoration initiative can look like for bottomland hardwood and wetland forests across multiple states and millions of acres.
Southern forests provide essential benefits for the climate, for communities and wildlife, and there is a need for a major initiative with wide-ranging partnerships from all sections of civil society to catalyze lasting protection on a grand scale. We are excited to bring diverse voices to the table, to grow as an organization and to be continually creating a more meaningful impact.
Will you invest in protecting our forests?
You're the reason Dogwood Alliance has been such an effective agent for forest protection over the last 20 years. Your support helps us keep forests doing what they do best: protecting us from climate change and floods, purifying our air and drinking water and providing us with the peace and beauty so necessary for life on Earth.
You are the reason for our success, and we thank you.
Together, we've accomplished so much, but as we build this crucial movement, we need you more than ever. Forest protection is viewed as a charity and not as a necessity. Yet the valuable ecosystem services that these forests provide can no longer be taken for granted. When we protect our forests, we're giving to our life support system. We hope we can count on your continued investment in the future of our forests.


Lights: ACTVT HIRL RWY 15/33, REIL RWY 15 & 33 & TWY LGTS - CTAF. PAPI RWY 15/33 OPERATE CONTINUOUSLY.
Landing fee: yes, LANDING FEE FOR ACFT OVER 8000 LBS & ALL COML ACFT REGARDLESS OF WEIGHT.
Airline operations: PPR 24 HRS FOR ACR OPS WITH MORE THAN 30 PAX SEATS; CALL AMGR 845-807-0326 OR 845-665-1714.
JET A FUEL AVBE 0800-1700 AFTER HRS CALL 845-421-1792.
SELF SERVICE 100LL FUEL AVBL 24 HRS DAILY.
ENTR LEN OF RWY SFC HAS NMRS DEEP LONGL CRACKS WITH WEEDS GROWING FM CRACKS.
Elevation: 1402.8 ft. 1380.0 ft.
Displaced threshold: 298 ft. 300 ft.
- BIRDS/WATERFOWL, COYOTE & DEER ON & INVOF ARPT.
- TWY A SFC HAS NMRS DEEP LONGL CRACKS WITH WEEDS GROWING FM CRACKS.
Photo by Cathy Vajtay Photo taken 16-May-2010 looking southwest.
Do you have a better or more recent aerial photo of Sullivan County International Airport that you would like to share? If so, please send us your photo.
Flying to Sullivan County International Airport? Find the distance to fly.


Turquoise & goldfill hammered disc earrings on goldfill ear wire. The turquoise gemstone is 6mm in diameter and is bezel set in vermeil. The goldfill hammered disc is approximately 18mm in diameter. They are light weight and easy to wear for any occasion!


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The Oakcrest High class of '09 alumni are listed below. These are former students from Oakcrest HS in Mays Landing, NJ who graduated in 2009. Alumni listings below have either been searched for or they registered as members of this directory.


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SNIC 2020/5-458
DES for simulating flow and tonal noise in centrifugal fans
Title: DES for simulating flow and tonal noise in centrifugal fans
SNIC Project: SNIC 2020/5-458
Project Type: SNIC Medium Compute
Principal Investigator: Alf-Erik Almstedt <affe@chalmers.se>
Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems (HVAC) are today an important part of many people's life. They provide a sufficient amount of airflow with the correct temperature, quality, and humidity. The negative side is the noise it produces. Modern HVAC systems are driven by low-speed isolated centrifugal fans which produce the dominant tonal noises. There are no obstacles that the blades pass in this type of fan. However, the dominant tonal noise produced by the fan is at the blade passing frequency (BPF). This fan has a gap between the rotating shroud and the stationary inlet duct. Previous studies have shown that the flow through the gap causes turbulence that develops along the shroud wall and interacts with the blades at their leading edge. The interaction renders uneven surface pressure distributions among the blades as well as significant peak differences. The location of the tonal noise sources for BPF agrees with the locations of these interactions and surface pressure peaks. In this study, the size of the gap and its effect on the tonal noise is investigated. Three different gap sizes are investigated, one smaller and one larger than the reference gap. The approach is to use the hybrid computational aeroacoustics (CAA) method, that couples the improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) method with the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy. Our simulations show that the surface pressure distributions among the blades and pressure peaks changes when the gap size changes. The surface pressure distribution becomes more evenly distributed when the gap size is increased. Also, the amplitude for the wall-pressure fluctuations decreases when the gap size is increased. The predicted amplitude for the tonal frequencies, BPF0 and BPF1, decreases for the larger gap size and increases for the smaller gap size. The fan performance is also affected by the gap size. The static pressure rise increases for the small gap size and decreases for the larger gap size.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jewelry Television (JTV) announced 17 percent sales growth in the first quarter of 2016, with a 19 percent increase in the number of core customers.
President and CEO Tim Matthews tells JCK that the company has enjoyed strong sales growth for the past year.
He attributes JTV's success to its concentration on categories other jewelers don't sell.
"The jewelry industry is full of people selling diamond products," he says. "We are in colored gemstone jewelry, which is truly a position of leadership. We look for those areas where we have a lot of passion. Gemstones and diamond alternatives are both categories we have found the consumer wants.
The company also has what he calls an omnidigital strategy, where its televised sales pitch is merged with presentation online.
While the company mulled opening a retail store in 2014, it ultimately decided not to.
Often when a private company starts talking about its results, that is a precursor to looking for new investors or possibly an IPO.


Is there any way to capture a sequence of Studio transforms, so they can be replayed as a macro?
No. You would need to use the ImageMagick command line which can be scripted. Scripting was much improved in the ImageMagick version 7 beta release.


Michael Bay's Transformers: Age of Extinction spent months in pre-production putting together a talented live-action cast, featuring names like Mark Wahlberg, Nicola Peltz, Stanley Tucci, Kelsey Grammer, T.J. Miller, and Sophia Myles, but now that the film is in post-production and finding stars to voice Auto-bots, the talent level has only grown. It's been officially announced John Goodman and Ken Watanabe have both signed deals to voice two new characters in the new Transformers sequel.
I am pleased to welcome two gifted and versatile actors, John Goodman and Ken Watanabe, to the world of Transformers. And to reteam with Peter and Frank, who have brought Transformers characters alive from the beginning. I've been fortunate to work with some of the best voice talent in the business, and together we will introduce several exciting new robots to fans of the franchise around the world."
The official press release also notes that John DiMaggio (Crosshairs), Mark Ryan (Lockdown), Robert Foxworth (Ratchet) and Reno Wilson (Brains) will also be voicing characters in the movie. You'll be able to see all of their work come together when Transformers: Age of Extinction arrives in theaters on June 27, 2014.


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Is Coaching Bad For Your Health?
Urban Meyer just stepped down at the University of Florida because he wanted to spend more time with his family. Last year he took a leave of absence to spend time with his family, but there was also the issue of his health. He had a scare with his heart[…]
Urban Meyer Resigns as Florida Gators Coach
Posted under: American Football – NCAA
For the second consecutive season Urban Meyer resigns as the Florida Gators head football coach. Last season it was more-so due to health related issues and only lasted one day before he announced an indefinite leave of absences – Meyer returned for spring practices this season. At age 46, Meyer[…]
2010 Heisman Trophy Finalists
On Monday, the four finalists were announced for the 2010 Heisman Trophy Award. The presentation takes place in New York on Saturday. The four individuals headed to New York are: Cam Newton from Auburn, LaMichael James from Oregon, Andrew Luck from Standford, and Kellen Moore from Boise State. James and[…]
TCU to Join the Big East
On Monday a source confirmed to ESPN.com's Joe Schad that Texas Christian University would join the Big East conference effective 2012. TCU currently plays in the Mountain West Conference and has a 12-0 record placing them third in the BCS standings. By switching to the Big East, TCU would automatically[…]
BCS Disaster on the Horizon
Friday marks the kickoff of the Iron Bowl, Arizona/Oregon, and Boise State/Nevada. Saturday could be the heaviest hangover college football has seen in a long time. Each of these games possesses a large part of the BCS formula within its results. A loss (or even a nasty win) could spell[…]
The SEC's BCS Formula
The last four BCS national champions have all come from the SEC, and the way the conference has played makes you think they must have a formula. There must be some way that they keep winning national titles. They don't have a formula – they have parity. They have[…]
Do We Really Care If Colleges Pay For Players?
Look at the investigation into Cam Newton's recruitment out of junior college and you see three things: Lots of money being flushed down the toilet on the investigation. Tons of unsubstantiated allegations. All the pundits coming out of the woodwork claiming how appalled they are that someone might have paid[…]
We Can't Give Away the Heisman Just Yet
Yes, Cam Newton is the best player in college football, right this very second. Remember who the "Heisman winner du jour" was a few weeks ago? Denard Robinson (a.k.a. Shoelace). Unfortunately, Cam Newton is getting more play than Robinson did in the Heisman landscape. Bo Jackson and Mark Ingram have[…]
Tony Dungy Says "No, Thank You" To Gophers
The Minnesota Golden Gophers fired head football coach Tim Brewster on Sunday. Brewster lead the team to a 15-30 record over four seasons from 2007-2010. Former Indianapolis Colts head coach, Tony Dungy, is an alumnus of the University of Minnesota, and some people were hoping he may want to make[…]
The first BCS standings of the season will come out this Sunday after another insane weekend of college football. We know that certain teams (Alabama) will not be on top, but who will be. I heard a BCS expert on the radio and he said it would be Boise State. […]


It's that time of year again. The emails are already starting to roll in from the Test Prep companies offering gigantic gains on state assessments if you purchase and implement their products. Everybody wants a piece of the Race to the Top pie and they know that test scores are the cherry on top.
In his recent State of the Union Address, Barack Obama told the audience that teachers should not be teaching to the test. Then he turned and said that No Child Left Behind waivers would require teacher evaluations based on high stakes tests. Arne Duncan recently thought it would be a great idea to link teacher preparatory programs and high stakes testing, exploring how we can get teachers to really hone in on what it takes to do well on these tests.
Enter "fix it" companies to sell a product to help teachers help their students master the tests. (Not master the content or skills--just the test.) Sigh.
In terms of ditching test prep, I'd like to re-frame the "any test, any time" lens to refer to teaching at a level of complexity and depth that the kids are prepared no matter when the assessment happens or what the assessment includes.
But teachers will say that they have no time. They will say that there is too much to cover. That may be true, but it seems a large number of schools find the time to do weeks of "test prep." It is time to ditch these traditionally held notions of getting ready for the assessment. Teach Deeper. Uncover the curriculum.
Test prep is wasted instructional time. There is absolutely no reason in the 21st century for students to learn how to take a test. While I do believe that there are good reasons for teaching students test taking tips embedded within instruction throughout the course of the year, I do not think that it is at all good practice to stop instruction to beat information into a kids head when we could be using that time for learning.
Test prep is good for one thing: lining the pockets of the companies that are taking advantage of teachers and their students. Deeper and more rigorous instruction are what's needed in America's classrooms. The testing situation that we have is out of control. Unfortunately for the time being, it doesn't look like our method of assessing children is going anywhere.
Our current system of assessment is borderline cruelty but at the moment there is little that can be done about it, until those in power see that they are funneling America's children into a drone-like state of testing compliance. I'm not saying that there aren't good assessments out there or that assessment is bad. I'm saying that we are wasting time and resources buying test prep materials and shutting down instruction for test preparation because we are driven by that one score captured in one moment.
Those resources and time could be better spent digging deeper in instruction, concentrating on more formative assessment moments multiple times through the school year that could guide students and shape instruction well before the high stakes testing moment.
Focus on deeper and more rigorous teaching. Focus on learning that is explorative, authentic, and meaningful for students. Focus on increasing complexity from one learning moment to the next--day to day, month to month, year to year. Focus on frequent assessments for the sake of individual student growth and performance, not the one size fits all summative test.
Ainsworth, L. Rigorous curriculum design, how to create curricular units of study that align standards, instruction, and assessment. Lead Learn Pr, 2011.


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Campbell Writes Piece About CBC History
Tom Campbell, host of FOX50's NC Spin and A.J. Fletcher Foundation board member, wrote the following paper for The Sandwich Club. He has worked in the broadcasting industry for over thirty years, at one time serving as President & General Manager of WRAZ-TV in Durham. Campbell shared this piece with capcom, a very interesting and entertaining history of Capitol Broadcasting Company's campaign to get the first television license in Raleigh.
David Beats Goliath Again: How Capitol Broadcasting Company Won the License to WRAL-TV
By Tom Campbell
Charlie Gaddy, J.D. Lewis, Greg Fishel, Ray Reeve, Jesse Helms, David Crabtree, Pam Saulsby, "Uncle Paul" Montgomery, Tom Suiter, and Fred Fletcher are all household names to residents in the area from Burlington to Goldsboro, but it is likely that none would be familiar had it not been for the exposure they received on one of North Carolina's most powerful and influential television stations, WRAL. The story of how this station came into being and how Capitol Broadcasting Company, Inc. won the rights to broadcasting on channel 5 is both fascinating and a modern-day example of an underdog beating a giant.
Alfred Johnston Fletcher was no ordinary man. Born the seventh child of a Baptist minister, Fred, as he was called in his younger years, knew what it was like not to have enough food, clothing, or adequate shelter. At various times in his young life he had jobs as a stable boy, a bank clerk, a bellhop, a delivery boy for a grocery store, and an attendant for a fruit stand. At age 19, his older brother convinced him that he could be admitted to Wake Forest College, then in Wake Forest. When his meager resources ran out at the end of his sophomore year he took a job running a small weekly newspaper in Apex; a job that required that he be the news reporter, editor, ad solicitor, and publisher. Though the paper struggled the position gave Fletcher a standing in the community. It also allowed him to get to know W.F. Utley, a successful businessman and civil war veteran. Fletcher met Utley's daughter, Elizabeth, at a party where she played the piano, and she was impressed with Fletcher's singing. Elizabeth encouraged his attention and the couple married in January of 1910. After one year at the paper and the birth of a son, Fred, the couple moved to Wake Forest and Fletcher returned to college with the $900 he had saved. A.J. never graduated from college but learned enough to be admitted to the bar. Shortly after son Frank had arrived, the Fletchers moved to Fuquay Springs and A.J. hung out his shingle. After the birth of a third son, Floyd, Fletcher founded the Fuquay Springs Gold Leaf, a weekly newspaper.
A.J. Fletcher's law practice continued to grow and, being a frugal man, he invested in land and stocks whenever there was spare funds. One of his early investments that intrigued him was in a new company called Radio Corporation of America. Radio had effectively reduced the boundaries of the world. By March of 1919, Fletcher had established himself as a capable lawyer and a businessman and decided to move to Raleigh, the capitol city.
By the late 1930's son Fred had married and pursued a graduate degree from UNC. Floyd had enrolled at Wake Forest and son Frank had graduated from Wake Forest law school. Frank needed a job and went to Washington. It just happened that he was among the first group of lawyers hired at the initiation of Franklin Roosevelt's alphabet agencies, the Federal Communications Commission. Young Frank was assigned to codifying the regulations governing the burgeoning broadcast industry, reviewing the applications for new stations, and tracking the success of stations across the country. Raleigh had a highly successful station, WPTF, owned by Durham Life Insurance Company. The call letters represented the motto of the company: "We Protect The Family." Started in 1927 through experiments at NC State College, this 50,000-watt facility broadcast from their elegant studios in the insurance company's 20-story building, with announcers in tuxedos introducing programs in rich baritone voices. As the powerhouse radio station for the eastern third of the state, WPTF was an affiliate of the NBC network and carried programs like Burns and Allen, Fred Allen, Jack Benny, and the big band sounds of Dorsey, Goodman, and Miller. WPTF was an established institution in the life of citizens, a modern-day Goliath in the broadcast business.
Fletcher's interests in business and music, combined with the reports from son Frank about the lucrative opportunities in radio, sparked him to apply for a license for a station of his own in Raleigh. On July 28, 1938, the FCC granted a license to Capitol Broadcasting Company to operate station WRAL on 1240 kilohertz with a power of 250 watts. On March 29, 1939, the station signed on the air with Governor Clyde Hooey and Raleigh Mayor George Isley issuing welcoming addresses. The Reverend Sydnor Stealey pastor of The First Baptist Church invoked the Lord's blessings. "So much for the people who said we didn't have a prayer," Fred Fletcher later joked. A.J. Fletcher was 52 years old.
In 1939, before WRAL had even started broadcasting, A.J. attended the World's Fair with his son Fred. They stopped at the RCA demonstration booth and saw television for the first time. World War Two restricted the growth of the new medium but with the dawning of the 1950's it became obvious that TV was going to be a big factor in American life. In 1948, for example, there were only 170,000 households in the U.S. with a TV set, mostly in the northeastern part of the country. By 1952, more than fifteen million sets had been sold. A.J. Fletcher saw the future and was determined not to be left behind in this new medium.
Hundreds of applications flooded the FCC for television broadcast licenses, so many that the agency had to put a freeze on the granting of any new television stations. Before the freeze Raleigh had a TV station, WNAO, a UHF station affiliate with CBS on channel 28, owned by the News and Observer. Few could view the station because of its inferior UHF frequency coupled with a short broadcast tower.
Finally the FCC lifted the freeze on application, assigned channels 5, 22, and 28 to Raleigh, and opened a window for applications.
WPTF believed that a television license was their birthright. Company employees went about the application process with a certain arrogance and total confidence that they would dominate television as they had radio. Durham Life was a little annoyed, but unworried to learn that upstart Capitol Broadcasting also intended to also apply for a license to broadcast on channel t. At age 65, A.J. Fletcher had entered the hardest competition of his life; the outcome of which wouldn't be decided for almost three years. In a letter written later Fletcher said, "The long, hard fight to get a grant of Channel 5 was the hardest and most nerve-destroying in which I was ever engaged. To begin with, public sentiment was decidedly against us. No one thought, apparently, that Capitol Broadcasting Company could possibly be successful in obtaining a grant or in building a worthwhile station if it got it. We had everything and most everything and most everybody to fight. They thought our application could have but one effect, and that was to delay the coming of television to Raleigh-that WPTF already had it 'sewed up' and we were meddling in something that we had no business."
Durham Life had hired nationally regarded consultants to help in the preparation of their application. They retained one of the most prestigious and experience law firms in the nation to advise and represent them before the FCC, Loucks, Zias, Young, and Jansky. Capitol Broadcasting was represented by A.J.'s son Frank, who by this time had left the FCC, along with Vincent Welsh of Welsh, Mott, and Morgan. Because both applicants had filed for channel 5 and only one could be awarded the license, a competitive hearing would be necessary and an Administrative Law Judge was assigned to hear the case and decide on the ultimate winner of the license.
Capitol had already invested thousands of hours and dollars in preparing their application, which consisted of 14 large volumes. The application had to show the history of Capitol Broadcasting, proposed programming for the station, equipment to be purchased and installed, location of the transmitter and studios, experience and ownership of the principal owners and managers, as well as the financial qualifications of the applicant, among other things. Aided by Frank Fletcher's first-hand experience in working for the FCC, Capitol took great care to follow agency rules and procedures.
A.J. formed a Program Advisory Committee consisting of Colonel John Harrelson, Chancellor Emeritus of NCX State; Dr. Sydnor Stealey, President of Southeastern Theological Seminary; Dr. Harold Meyer, Professor of Sociology at UNC in Chapel Hill; Miss Ruth Current, director of Home Demonstration for the Extension Division of NC State; Dr. Benjamin Swalin, Director of the North Carolina Symphony; Dr. Harold Trigg, President of St. Augustine College; and Justice Emery Denny of the North Carolina Supreme Court. In addition, Capitol conducted almost 500 interviews with people in the proposed viewing area to get their opinions about what should be telecast and brought these suggestions back to the Program Advisory Committee for advice and suggestions.
Careful review of the two competing applications found them both acceptable and relatively comparable. Both had enviable records of service.
One area in which the two station's previous records differed involved what in those days was called service to the "Negro" community. WRAL boasted an attitude of "fairness, honesty, and respect." The station regularly accepted and encouraged news reported by Negro reporters. In fact, WRAL had the only black announcer in the region, J.D. Lewis, and showcased him daily on the station. The application further stated that WRAL accepted ads from "Negro businesses without the designation of 'Negro.'"
In the days before the competitive hearing was to begin WPTF brought in retired General Kenneth Royall to lead their legal team. Clearly Durham Life realized it was in a serious contest and was willing to put all their substantial resources to work. Royall, a native of Wayne County, had been the nation's last Secretary of War and first Secretary of the Army. He was an intimate of Presidents Roosevelt, Truman, and Eisenhower and widely respected in Washington. He was a giant in stature, both physically and professionally. But while Royall was highly prominent he wasn't skilled in FCC rules and procedures. In fact, Royall became part of the Capitol strategy after the first day of hearings. In examining WPTF's first witness, General Manager Richard Mason, Royall attempted to introduce evidence what had been stipulated in the original application and discovery. When Capitol's attorney Vincent Welch objected, Royal responded, "Your honor, I'm not going to let you or anyone else tell me how to conduct my case." His overbearing pompous, and highly contentious approach, coupled with his lack of knowledge about administrative law played right into the hands of Capitol Broadcasting, especially after Frank Fletcher learned that the examiner had been a lowly lieutenant in the service and might be resentful of Generals. From that point forward all references to Royall addressed him as "General." The bickering between lawyers became so animated that at one point the hearing examiner declared that they were acting like a bunch of kids instead of lawyers. Whereas there had been some initial concern about Royall's presence, the Capitol team concluded the General hurt Durham Life's case far more than he helped them.
Every Sunday A.J., Fred, and Scottie Stephenson, corporate secretary, would board the train to Washington and every Friday they returned home during the grueling nine-week hearing. While the Durham Life delegation stayed at the prestigious Willard Hotel in downtown Washington, the always frugal A.J. Fletcher booked himself and Fred at the Hunter Lodge Motel, about 13 miles south of Washington. In fact, A.J. and Fred shared a room and both complained about the other's snoring. Scottie stayed with a friend in the city. The hearings lasted all day and at night they planned strategy for the next day. Costs soared and A.J. borrowed huge sums of money to fund the process.
Over eight weeks Royall presented the Durham Life case. It rested on WPTF's considerable experience and record of service, the high level of professionalism the company demonstrated, and a combination of what Royall termed as "lapses" in the operation of WRAL and a concentration of ownership and control if Capitol was awarded the license. Examples of WRAL's "lapses" included Fred Fletcher's broadcasting speed trap announcements on the radio, acceptance of beer advertising (which WPTF refused to air), and the broadcasting results from the state sanctioned greyhound racing track at Morehead City. The concentration of ownership issue focused on the fact that son Floyd had a minority interest in WTVD, the Durham television station. Royall claimed that granting the Raleigh license to the Fletchers would concentrate too much on ownership within one family.
A.J. had loaned son Floyd the money to construct and own a radio station in Durham. The loan was repaid and Floyd became the sole owner of WTIK radio. Floyd had a reputation as a good businessman and broadcaster, so he and a group of people (including the owners of the Durham newspaper) applied for the license for VHF television channel 11. Floyd became President and a 25 percent owner in the venture and Kenneth Royall tried to use his ownership and family relationship against Capitol in their fight for channel 5, but the tactic may have boomeranged.
Capitol's case was based on past service, conviction that they truly had a superior application, diversification of ownership, and integration of ownership and management. Capitol readily admitted that WPTF was the dominant radio broadcast voice in the region. They also pointed to the fact that The News and Observer (which also owned WNAO radio and TV) and was also a dominant media outlet. Capitol argued persuasively that if the FCC granted the license to Durham Life there would only be two dominant media players in Raleigh, limiting real competition. By giving Capitol the license, they told the hearing examiner, there would be more competition in the market, not less. This argument resonated well with the FCC, a fact Frank Fletcher and the experienced communication attorneys for Capitol understood far better than did Durham Life. In essence, they turned WPTF's concentration of ownership argument against Durham Life.
Perhaps the most pivotal point of the hearing turned on integration of ownership and management, another factor the FCC strongly advocated. The ownership and proposed management positions in Capitol Broadcasting Company was as follows:
Name Ownership Proposed Title/job
A.J. Fletcher 90.27% President, Treasurer, Music Director
Fred Fletcher 5.41% V. President and General Manager
Louise "Scottie" Stephenson .054% Secretary and full time employee
David Witherspoon .054% Program Manager
Louise H. Bryan .054%
Ray Reeve 2.70% Sports Director
With the exception of Louise Bryan, a longtime and loyal employee who had left the company, all the owners of the company were to be employed full time (except A.J. and Louise) in the operation of the business. Their position was that the people who owned the stations and worked in it would be the ones running it and making the decisions.
Durham Life, on the other hand, was owned by many shareholders and WPTF was a subsidiary owned almost totally by the insurance company. Of the 1010 shares of stock outstanding in WPTF, Durham Life Insurance Company owned 1004 and they were voted at board meetings by a minor level manager of the insurance company whose only instructions were to vote as he saw fit. Capitol stated that only four of the seven directors in WPTF were active in the business and that only one had ownership. Further, the WPTF directors owned little stock in Durham Life and had no control over that corporation. Clearly, the people who ran the station would not own it and vice versa. This argument was critical in the final decision to award the license.
Nine months after the hearings began, the hearing examiner awarded the license to Capitol Broadcasting Company. The elation felt by A.J., Fred, Scottie, and the others who had worked so hard to achieve this goal was offset by disgust from WPTF. All was not over. All the FCC Commissioners must affirm the decision before it became final. WPTF was not willing to concede. Mysteriously, a member of the Raleigh City Council who was supportive of WPTF passed an ordinance prohibiting transmission towers as tall as Capitol had proposed within the city limits. WRAL had planned to operate out of studios at Cameron Village and this setback meant they had to quickly find another locations. A.J. Fletcher went to work and located another piece of property on Western Boulevard were studios could be built. The tower would be sited just outside the city limits. The application was quickly amended to reflect the new studio location just weeks before the full FCC met and affirmed the hearing examiner's decision. Even then WPTF appealed for a rehearing of the decision.
The fall rain didn't dampen spirits in October 1956, as a crowd of friends and station employees gathered under a funeral home tent and watched singer Dorothy Collins from the popular program, Your Hit Parade, break ground on the new studio and office building on Western Boulevard near NC Sate. Approximately two months later, December 15, 1956, A.J. Fletcher stepped on to the podium at the transmitter site in Auburn, NC (just southeast of Raleigh) and threw the switch which officially signed WRAL-TV on the air. The 1,100 foot tower was the tallest east of the Mississippi River. In his remarks prior to the inauguration of the programming, a proud A.J. Fletcher promised to use all the power at its command to offer "a voice that will give all sides of these questions which affect the economic, spiritual, educational, and political life of our people. There will be no slanting of the news, no editorials in the headlines. Information to which the public is entitled will be given without bias or favor. Only in this way can our people make an intelligent choice on these issues affecting our welfare. And now, to the almost two million North Carolinians within reach of our signal, we say, happy viewings and listening to all of you on channel 5." The first program was Miracle on 34th Street, very appropriate given the miracle that had occurred in David once again beating the mighty Goliath.
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You can view our bylaws below or download the PDF here.
COLORADO COUNCIL ON HIGH SCHOOL/COLLEGE RELATIONS
The name of this organization shall be the Colorado Council on High School/College Relations. Council and Corporation may hereafter be used interchangeably.
Article II
The Colorado Council on High School/College Relations shall be duly incorporated under the provisions of the laws of the State of Colorado as a not-for-profit corporation.
In addition to the purpose set forth in the Articles of Incorporation, the purpose of this Council shall be:
to foster and encourage volunteer cooperation between collegiate institutions, secondary schools, organizations and individuals that promote education within the State of Colorado;
to promote ethical standards of conduct in the relationships of personnel in both collegiate institutions and secondary schools;
to provide assistance in the development and maintenance of a continuous educational guidance program from high school through college;
to serve as the collection and dissemination agency for information pertinent to colleges and high schools such as requirements for collegiate admission, information about Colorado colleges and universities, transfer of credit between Colorado institutions of higher learning, vocational and career information, scholarships and other types of financial aid;
to support the transition of students from high schools to institutions of higher learning and of students transferring from one institution of higher learning to another;
to provide an annual forum for college and secondary school personnel to discuss issues and trends and to promote professional relationships.
to provide scholarships, as funds are available, to eligible high school seniors who plan to enroll at one of the member Colorado collegiate institutions, and to provide grants, as funds are available, to eligible members to support professional development, to encourage student engagement in the transition to college, and to recognize outstanding achievement.
Article IV
Institutions, organizations, and individuals shall be eligible for Council membership in one of three categories and shall be represented by professionals who promote higher education opportunities in Colorado.
Categories of and Qualifications for Membership
K-12 School Membership including Public Area Technical Colleges (voting):
Public (including public charter) schools: Any school operated by a school district within the State of Colorado.
Private schools: Any private or parochial school which operates a main campus in Colorado and is owned and operated by a duly recognized corporation or organization authorized by the State of Colorado. The organization also must be accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools or approved by the Executive Committee.
Public Area Technical Colleges: Those technical colleges operated by a public school district in Colorado.
College or University Membership (voting):
Any not-for-profit college or university that operates a campus in Colorado, is approved by the Executive Committee, and is regionally accredited by Middle States Association of Schools and Colleges, New England Association of Schools and Colleges, North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges, Southern Association of Schools and Colleges, or Western Association of Schools and Colleges.
Two-year colleges offering Associate of Arts, Associate of Science, or Associate of General Studies degrees whose credits transfer to Colorado Council member colleges and universities.
Colleges or universities offering baccalaureate or higher degrees whose credits transfer to Colorado Council member colleges and universities.
Associate Membership (non-voting):
Organizations or individuals representing Colorado-based organizations that:
Foster and encourage volunteer cooperation between collegiate institutions, secondary schools, organizations and individuals who promote higher education within the State of Colorado;
Promote ethical standards of conduct in the relationships of personnel in both collegiate institutions and secondary schools (see Section D below);
Have a vested interest in providing or encouraging educational opportunities such as free scholarship access, educational skill development, information and resources about higher education and professional development.
Any institution, organization, or individual that meets the qualifications for membership in the Council may request membership into one of the above categories by completing the Application for Membership.
The Executive Committee will inform the applicant if additional statements or documents are required to evaluate the eligibility of the applicant and will then act on the application.
The Executive Committee shall determine membership eligibility and voting status of all individuals, institutions, and organizations seeking membership in the Council.
Voting Eligibility for Executive Committee Elections
Approved and paid voting member institutions shall be eligible to vote annually for Executive Committee candidates running for the respective offices. Each institution shall have one (1) vote. Ballots will be sent to eligible members prior to the Annual Meeting.
All members as defined above agree to abide by the National Association for College Admission Counseling's (NACAC) Statement of Principles of Good Practice, as adopted by the Council. Allegations of ethical violations are considered by the Admissions Practices committee, which reports to the Executive Committee. When warranted, the Executive Committee can impose remedies, and failure to remedy may result in membership probation or revocation.
Article V
Officers and the Executive Committee
Section 1. Board of Directors
Officers and representatives as defined in Section 2 shall be members of the Board of Directors and shall be elected by the member institutions. Executive Committee and Board may hereafter be used interchangeably.
Section 2. Executive Committee
The Executive Committee shall consist of 15 elected members, of which five are officers, two are collegiate representatives, and eight are high school representatives. In addition, one chairperson of each standing committee appointed by the President shall be a member of the Executive Committee.
The officers of this Council shall be officers of the Corporation and shall consist of a President, President-Elect, Past-President, Secretary, and Treasurer.
Collegiate representatives to the Executive Committee shall include:
One member representing the four-year colleges/universities.
One member representing the two-year colleges.
High school representatives to the Executive Committee shall include one member representing each of seven geographic districts in Colorado and one at-large member. Districts are representative of regional areas by county and are grouped as follows:
District 1. Northwestern – Delta, Eagle, Garfield, Grand, Gunnison, Jackson, Mesa, Moffat, Pitkin, Rio Blanco, Routt and Summit.
District 2. Southwestern – Alamosa, Archuleta, Chaffee, Conejos, Costilla, Dolores, Hinsdale, La Plata, Lake, Mineral, Montezuma, Montrose, Ouray, Rio Grande, Saguache, San Juan and San Miguel.
District 3. Central – Douglas, Elbert, El Paso, Park and Teller.
District 4. Northeastern – Kit Carson, Lincoln, Logan, Morgan, Phillips, Sedgwick, Washington, Weld and Yuma.
District 5. Southeastern – Baca, Bent, Cheyenne, Crowley, Custer, Fremont, Huerfano, Kiowa, Las Animas, Otero, Prowers and Pueblo.
District 6. North Central – Boulder, Clear Creek, Gilpin, Jefferson, Larimer and Broomfield.
District 7. Metro Denver – Adams, Arapahoe, and Denver.
One at-large member representing the private secondary schools in Colorado.
Section 3. Terms of Office
The President shall serve for three years; the first as President-Elect, the second as President, and the third as Past-President. The Treasurer shall serve for two years and the Secretary shall serve for two years. Terms of office shall begin at the close of the Annual Meeting.
Section 4. Vacancies
In the event of a vacancy in the office of the President, the President-Elect shall hold office for the balance of the year and be entitled to continue as President for the following year.
In the event of a vacancy in the office of the President-Elect, the Executive Committee shall fill the vacancy. The President-Elect so appointed may not succeed automatically to the office of the President, but shall be eligible for election to that office the following term.
In the event of a vacancy in the office of the Treasurer or Secretary, the Executive Committee shall fill the vacancy for the duration of the term.
In the event of a vacancy of a Representative on the Executive Committee, the Board shall fill the vacancy for the duration of the term.
In the event of a vacancy of a duly appointed committee chairperson, the Board shall fill the vacancy for the duration of the term.
Section 5. Duties of Officers
The President shall:
preside at all meetings;
enforce all rules and regulations relating to the administration of the Council;
call meetings of the Executive Committee as deemed necessary or when a meeting is requested by the Executive Committee;
appoint all chairpersons to committees at the beginning of each new calendar year. Persons eligible to be appointed shall be current members of the Council;
appoint as many standing and/or special committees as may be necessary to implement the programs of the Council. Membership on these committees need not be confined to Executive committee members, but may include other qualified and interested persons including those who are themselves ineligible for membership. However, those ineligible for membership may not chair a committee or vote;
serve as an ex-officio member of all standing or special committees;
forward all procedures and documents relevant to this position to the succeeding President.
The President-Elect shall:
in the absence of the President, have all of the powers of the President;
be responsible for the planning of the agenda and the program for the Annual Meeting;
forward all procedures and documents relevant to this position to the succeeding President-Elect.
The Past-President shall:
in absence of the President and President-Elect, have all powers of the President;
chair the Elections and Recognition Committee for the Annual Meeting;
forward all procedures and documents relevant to this position to the next Past-President.
The Treasurer and his or her designee shall:
be responsible for the collection of all funds accruing to the Council and shall disburse those funds at the discretion of the Executive Committee;
maintain bank accounts in the name of the Council and shall deposit all monies coming to the Council in those accounts;
pay all legal debts or obligations of the Council by checks drawn on those accounts;
keep in trust certain monies assigned by the Executive Committee in savings accounts or investments approved by the Executive Committee;
report at each meeting of the Executive Committee on the condition of the treasury;
on an annual basis, report to the Executive Committee showing the total of all fiscal activity of the Council for that fiscal year;
prepare and monitor the annual budget;
forward all procedures and documents relevant to this position to the next Treasurer.
The Secretary shall:
keep an accurate record of all proceedings of meetings of the Executive Committee;
conduct all official correspondence of the Council and shall issue all notices of meetings;
keep an accurate recording of all motions, resolutions, and decisions of the Executive Committee;
maintain copies of relevant correspondence sent to constituencies;
keep a register of all the institutional members and representatives of the Council's Executive Committee and chairpersons;
forward all procedures and documents relevant to this position to the succeeding Secretary.
Section 6. Duties of Representatives
It shall be the responsibility of Executive Committee members to:
attend monthly Executive Committee meetings and serve on the Scholarship Committee and Counselor of the Month Committee;
represent their constituencies in the deliberations and work of the Council. This may include "polling" their constituencies for input/feedback on pending topics;
keep their constituencies informed concerning the work and actions of the Council.
Section 7. Duties of Chairpersons
It shall be the responsibility of Committee Chairpersons to:
attend monthly Executive Committee meetings;
represent their committee in the deliberations and work of the Council;
work with Treasurer for assistance with annual budget preparation;
submit an annual report of committee activities for the Annual Meeting.
Section 8. Absences
Any member of the Executive Committee or any duly appointed committee chairperson who fails to attend three consecutive duly called meetings except for excused reasons of health or business shall be considered inactive. The Secretary shall thereupon advise the President, who shall notify the member of this status and request their presence at the following meeting. Failure to attend the following meeting without an excused absence shall be deemed to constitute resignation. Upon a majority vote of the Executive Committee at that meeting, a vacancy will be declared.
Remote synchronous participation (e.g., via telephone conference or webcast) can constitute attendance, but not asynchronous emails or proxies.
Section 9. Performance of Duties
Any member of the Executive Committee or any duly appointed committee chairperson who fails to carry out any of the duties of their position shall, upon approval of the majority of the Executive Committee members, be warned in writing and placed on a 30-day probation period. At the conclusion of this probation, by majority vote of the Executive Committee members, the member will either be asked to resign or restored to normal standing within the Board.
Article VI
Section 1. Elections of Officers and Executive Committee Members.
Six weeks prior to the Annual Meeting, the Executive Committee or its designee shall prepare and communicate to the member institutions a list of names of individuals from member institutions representing nominations for the following positions, if becoming vacant:
Representatives as defined in Article V, Section 2
Presidents are rotated each year by constituency and are elected from the following in this order: four-year college/university, two-year college, high school.
The Nominating Committee shall attempt to nominate at least two individuals for each vacated position.
Representatives will be elected by their respective member constituencies. However, officers will be elected by the full membership of high schools and colleges. A plurality of ballots cast shall elect. In the event of a tie, a vote will lie with the Executive Committee Officers. The election process shall be open for a two-week period of time, four weeks prior to the Annual Meeting. The Executive Committee or its designee must notify the CCHS/CR officers of the election outcome prior to the Annual Meeting.
The President-Elect of the Council shall assume the Office of President at the close of the Annual Meeting that terminates the year of service as President-Elect.
The Secretary shall serve a two-year term, be elected each even year, and assume the office at the close of the Annual Meeting following the election.
The Treasurer shall serve a two-year term, be elected each odd year, and assume the office at the close of the Annual Meeting following the election.
The Council Representatives to the Executive Committee will be elected for two-year terms rotated according to the following plan:
College/University Representative elected each odd year.
Two-Year College Representative elected each even year.
Even-numbered High School Representatives and the Private High School Representative will be elected each odd year; odd-numbered district High School Representatives will be elected each even year.
All members of the Executive Committee must be duly appointed personnel of current member institutions.
Article VII
Meetings and Annual Conference
Section 1. Meetings
The President shall have the responsibility for calling regular and special meetings of the Council. In the absence of the President, the President-Elect shall preside over regular and special meetings of the Executive Committee.
Officers shall have the responsibility to call special meetings of the Executive Committee if necessary.
The rules for parliamentary procedure as defined by "Robert's Rules of Order" shall govern all meetings of the Council with the following exceptions:
Elected officers, representatives and one appointed chairperson of each standing committee are eligible to make motions and vote on motions. Others in attendance are welcome to participate in discussions on motions, but are not eligible to cast votes on motions.
In order to streamline voting processes, the Executive Committee formally and continuously suspends the Robert's Rules of Order that mandates that all votes be held first by asking for 'ayes'/'nays' votes and then only if it is unclear followed by a roll-call vote or secret ballot vote. Instead, the Executive Committee reserves the right to hold secret ballot votes or roll-call votes without first casting an aye/nay vote or officially suspending the rules.
Each Executive Committee member may cast only one vote.
Plurality is permissible unless a quorum is called by the President or member of the Executive Committee.
The President is a non-voting member of the Executive Committee except in the event of a tie vote. In the event of a tie, the President shall cast the deciding vote.
Section 2. Annual Conference
The Council will host one annual business meeting in December at a location convenient to the majority of the membership.
Article VIII
Fiscal Matters
Section 1. The fiscal year of the organization shall be July 1 through June 30.
Section 2. Dues and Fees
Membership is offered on an annual basis.
Annual dues for eligible colleges/universities, high schools, and associate members shall be approved by the Executive Board.
Section 3. Administrative Account
The administrative account shall be maintained at a minimum of $15,000.
Section 4. Reserve Account
A minimum balance of $150,000 shall be maintained in a reserve account, equivalent to approximately one year's operating costs, to allow for unexpected financial difficulties.
Article IX
All print or electronic publications, including the logo or correspondence distributed under the name of the Colorado Council on High School/College Relations, must be officially sanctioned by the Executive Committee.
Article X
These bylaws may be amended at any Executive Committee meeting by two-thirds vote of the voting members, after 30 days' notice of the intended change has been given to all members of the Executive Committee.


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Stan VinerStrategist
stan.viner@gmail.com
After nearly 28 years, Stan recently retired from Jack Henry & Associates. His most recent position was General Mgr/National Banking Sales - a role he held for over 16 years. Stan then formed his own company, SJViner & Associates. In doing so, he continues his passion of helping companies develop effective Sales/Marketing strategies, teaching sales, delivering Keynote speeches, facilitating off-site Corporate events, and continuing to mentor others in the Banking Industry.
Stan has presented products, taught sales strategy and given speeches all over the US. Additionally, he serves as an instructor at the Colorado Graduate School of Banking at the University of Colorado. He also serves as a Strategist for William Mills Agency in Atlanta. Stan sits on the Board of several companies, including INBANK in Denver and the BankTel Advisory Board.
In a career spanning more than 37 years, Stan has been recognized for his achievements, quoted or referenced as an industry expert in many sales related and financial industry books and publications. In 2017, he completed his Managerial Leadership Certificate at the University of Texas in Austin.
Stan is the President of the "Ole Miss Banking and Finance Advisory Board" and also serves on the school's Business Advisory Board. He is an avid fan, an esteemed lifetime member of the Ole Miss Alumni Association. Stan is an active alumnus of Kappa Alpha Fraternity and has been inducted into the Kappa Alpha Court of Honor. He resides in Birmingham with his wife, Brigitte. They have two grown sons, Heath and Ryan, and are proud grandparents of four grandchildren.
Eloise B. Mills | Chairman
William Mills III | Chief Executive Officer
Scott Mills | Principal, President
Michael Misoyianis | Chief Financial Officer
Catherine Laws | Executive Vice President
Blair Logan | Executive Vice President
Kelly Williams | Executive Vice President
David Jones | Vice President
Heather Sugg | Vice President
Mary York | Executive Vice President
Gregg Bauer | Executive Creative Director
Stan Viner | Strategist


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You are here: Home / News / Becky Brasington Clark to Head Library of Congress Publishing Office
Becky Brasington Clark to Head Library of Congress Publishing Office
Filed by Gary Price on February 2, 2016
From The Library of Congress:
Becky Brasington Clark, the longtime director of marketing for Johns Hopkins University Press and a former marketing chief at Brookings Institutional Press, will head the Library of Congress Publishing Office, effective March 7.
The office works in collaboration with the private sector to publish books, calendars and other materials based on the Library's world-renowned collections.
Clark has served as director of Marketing and Institutional Outreach for Johns Hopkins University Press from 2003 to the present. In that role she has overseen publicity and promotion, directed sales and marketing for the Books Division, directed strategy for digital publications and served as member of the executive group to direct operational, growth and communications strategies for its four press divisions. There, she championed digital publication strategies that drove significant sales growth in e-book revenue and e-commerce.
Clark also directed marketing for the Brookings Institutional Press from 1999-2003, with responsibility for 50 new titles, six journals and a quarterly magazine. Previously, she also worked in marketing leadership positions with The New Republic, Counterpoint Press and Moon Travel Handbooks. She holds a bachelor's degree in Humanities from Converse College and did graduate study in clinical counseling, business and marketing at Johns Hopkins. Clark serves on the Board of Directors for the Association of American University Presses.


This issue is the second milestone on the way to the 20th AIDP World Congress dedicated to 'Criminal Justice and Corporate Business'. It brings together the proceedings of the preparatory Colloquium on 'Individual Liability for Business Involvement in International Crimes', held at the University of Buenos Aires on March 20th-23rd, 2017.
This volume contains the resolutions adopted in Buenos Aires as well as the general report, two special reports, and ten national reports (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Croatia, Finland, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Russia, United States). It offers a broad overview of the debate on and the main challenges raised by corporate involvement in international crimes. Through the analysis of both national and international case law and legislation, this issue provides insight into a variety of topics related to the liability of corporate officials and sheds light on the different doctrines of co-perpetration and complicity arising at the national and international level (eg: neutral acts, negligent complicity, complicity by omission, command responsibility; white collar crimes doctrine). Special attention is paid to the complex balance to be achieved between an effective prosecution of these conducts and the respect of the general principles of criminal responsibility.


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Nintendo Switch The Witcher
Nintendo Switch owners rejoice! The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt is coming to the console this year. The critically acclaimed game, which was originally released in 2015 for PC and PlayStation 4, will be available on Nintendo's latest console on October 15th.
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt is an action RPG that tells the story of Geralt of Rivia, a professional monster hunter known as a Witcher. The game is set in a vast, open world that players can explore at their leisure. The world is full of dangerous creatures, interesting characters, and challenging quests.
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt is widely considered to be one of the best video games ever made. It was praised for its deep story, stunning visuals, and satisfying combat. It was also a commercial success, selling over 10 million copies.
Nintendo Switch owners who have never played The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt are in for a treat. The game is a masterpiece of storytelling and world-building, and it's sure to keep you entertained for hours on end. If you're a fan of action RPGs, then The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt is a must-play.
1 Does the Witcher play well on Switch?
2 How is The Witcher on Nintendo Switch?
3 Does Witcher 3 look good on Switch?
4 Is Witcher 3 on Switch complete?
5 Is The Witcher censored on the Switch?
6 What's the difference between Witcher 3 and Complete Edition Switch?
7 Do you need to play Witcher 2 before Witcher 3?
Does the Witcher play well on Switch?
The Witcher is a critically acclaimed action RPG series that has been praised for its mature storytelling, engaging combat, and lush graphics. The series has seen great success on PC and console, but does it play well on Switch?
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt is the latest game in the series, and it's considered to be the best one yet. It was released in 2015 on PC, PS4, and Xbox One, and it received unanimous critical acclaim. The Witcher 3 is an open world game that offers dozens of hours of content, and it's been praised for its well-written story, engaging combat, and breathtaking visuals.
See also Servers Not Responding Fortnite Nintendo Switch
The Witcher 3 was ported to Switch in 2019, and it offers a great experience on the platform. The game runs at a smooth 30fps, and the graphics have been scaled down to match the Switch's hardware. The game offers all of the content from the original release, and it's a great way to experience the Witcher series on the go.
The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings was released in 2011 on PC and Xbox 360, and it received similar critical acclaim. The game was ported to Switch in 2019, and it offers a great experience on the platform. The game runs at a smooth 30fps, and the graphics have been scaled down to match the Switch's hardware. The game offers all of the content from the original release, and it's a great way to experience the Witcher series on the go.
The Witcher series has been a critical success on PC and console, and the games offer a great experience on Switch. The games run at a smooth 30fps, and the graphics have been scaled down to match the Switch's hardware. The games offer all of the content from the original releases, and they're a great way to experience the Witcher series on the go.
How is The Witcher on Nintendo Switch?
Nintendo Switch players can now experience the acclaimed The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, one of the most critically acclaimed games of all time. Geralt of Rivia's epic adventure is now available on the go, and the Switch version offers some neat features on top of the already amazing game.
If you've never played The Witcher 3, it's an action RPG that tells the story of Geralt, a professional monster hunter known as a witcher. The game is set in a rich and detailed world full of things to discover, and Geralt's story is one you won't want to miss.
The Witcher 3 on Switch isn't a port of the original game – it's a rebuilt version specifically for the console. This means that you get all of the DLC content included, as well as some features that take advantage of the Switch's unique capabilities. For example, you can now play the game in handheld mode, which is great for on-the-go gaming. You can also use the motion controls to battle monsters, which is a lot of fun.
See also Poppy Playtime Nintendo Switch Release Date
Overall, The Witcher 3 on Switch is a great version of an already amazing game. If you're a fan of RPGs or adventure games, then you need to check this one out.
Does Witcher 3 look good on Switch?
Nintendo Switch owners are in for a treat, as according to a listing on the Korean Game Rating Board, Witcher 3 is coming to the hybrid console.
The Witcher 3 was released in 2015 on PC, Xbox One, and PlayStation 4. It's a critically acclaimed action-RPG, and has been voted one of the best games of all time.
So the question is, does Witcher 3 look good on Switch?
Well, the answer is a little complicated. First of all, the game has been reportedly been downgraded from its original release. This means that it won't look as good on Switch as it does on other platforms.
Secondly, the Switch's hardware isn't as powerful as the Xbox One or PlayStation 4, so the game may not run as smoothly on the Switch.
That said, the Witcher 3 is still a great game, and it will be great to be able to play it on the go. So if you're a fan of the game, then you'll definitely want to pick up a copy of Witcher 3 when it comes out on Switch.
Is Witcher 3 on Switch complete?
Yes, the Switch version of Witcher 3 is complete. It includes the entire base game, as well as all of the DLC expansions.
Is The Witcher censored on the Switch?
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt was originally released in 2015 on PC, Playstation 4, and Xbox One. In February of 2019, it was released on the Nintendo Switch.
However, there are some reports that the Switch version of the game is censored. Some of the more noticeable changes include the removal of nudity and sexual content, as well as the removal of alcohol references.
CD Projekt Red, the developers of the Witcher series, have yet to make a statement regarding the censorship.
Some Witcher fans are not happy with the changes, while others do not seem to be bothered by them.
What do you think? Is the Switch version of The Witcher censored, and if so, is it a big deal?
What's the difference between Witcher 3 and Complete Edition Switch?
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt Complete Edition for Switch includes the game and all its DLC, while the Witcher 3: Wild Hunt Game of the Year Edition on other platforms includes the game and its two major expansions: Hearts of Stone and Blood and Wine.
Do you need to play Witcher 2 before Witcher 3?
No, you don't need to play Witcher 2 before Witcher 3. In fact, you don't even need to play Witcher 1.
Witcher 3 is a direct sequel to Witcher 2, and it does contain spoilers for Witcher 2. However, it also contains spoilers for Witcher 1, so you might not want to play Witcher 1 either if you're worried about spoilers.
Basically, the story of Witcher 3 picks up right where Witcher 2 leaves off, and it's designed to be playable without any knowledge of the previous games. There are some references to the events of the previous games, and some characters make an appearance in Witcher 3 who only appeared in the previous games if you played them. But you don't need to have played the previous games to understand what's going on in Witcher 3.
That said, I definitely recommend playing Witcher 2 before Witcher 3. Witcher 2 is a great game, and it will give you a much better understanding of what's going on in Witcher 3. But it's not absolutely necessary.


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Pentester Certfication Course
Pentesting Module 1
What is Pentesting (2:42)
What is Kali Linux (4:04)
Job and Income scope in Pentesting (4:09)
Why to bother about Security (5:32)
Pentester Communities (6:20)
Pentester Strategies (4:18)
Lab setup (4:25)
Kali Installation (5:23)
Ubuntu Test Virtual Machine (3:23)
Metasploitable required to test (3:48)
Linux basic usage (9:43)
History of Linux
Files in Linux (4:24)
FileSystem in linux
Linux Files and persmission
SSH service in Kali linux (3:46)
Apache service in Kali Linux (2:41)
Mysql service in Kali Linux (1:37)
Dradis service in kali linux (3:51)
Networking service in kali linux (2:57)
MAC changer in kali linux (2:53)
Scripting for automation (6:30)
Port scanner in python (3:57)
Port scanner in ruby (5:02)
Nmap usage (5:19)
Zenmap usage (3:06)
Netcat in kali Linux (2:58)
Google advance Search (6:32)
Harvesting Emails (2:50)
Whois search (2:27)
Knowing about phishing (3:03)
Advace phishing AKA dns poisoning (6:18)
SSL man in the middle attacks (10:52)
Installing Custom Setup (5:42)
Impact of low sanitization (2:29)
Cross site scripting reflected (3:23)
Cross site scripting Stored (2:25)
SQL injection (2:40)
Sql Injection 2 (0:43)
Cross site request attacks (4:25)
MSFCLI in metasploit in Kali (7:12)
Msfconsole in Kali Linux (4:44)
Armitage in Kali linux (3:29)
Social Engineering toolkit (2:51)
Set guide
End Note (0:42)


Could I be just a little flippant about independence on this fine 4th of July? My independence. A cherished but sometimes exhausting state of being.
I am told that I was always an independent sort—but when I was four being chastised by my mother for chewing forbidden gum and somehow wadding it in my already scraggly locks, I didn't know how completely that would apply to my life. Now I know. With the exception of 14 years of marriage it seems I've been independent since I left home when I was 18. I'm not sure I intended to be totally on my own all this time but since marriage didn't seem to be my cup of tea the only other security-conscious option would have been a trust fund. Do you have any idea how few trust fund babies were fathered by laid-back lumberjacks from Northome, Minnesota? Sven Neset was a dear man and a great dad, just not the fortune-building type so my independence has remained untroubled by issues of high finance—although I must say low-finance has been a constant annoyance.
What does this have to do with the Big Trip of 2015 you may be asking. Just this. You can only design such a free-range journey if you have no one else with whom to negotiate about destination, transportation or accommodation. In other words you have the choices at hand of any other free-range creature—liberty or starvation or being run over by a semi, but at least you've had your independent run in the sun.
I have described my Big Trip to friends and family and will do so again but often when I do eyes glaze over or foreheads crinkle with questions (like what in the hell is a Latvia and 'Seriously? Beijing? All that smog!') and they are baffled by just why I would make such an unorthodox, expensive and time-consuming journey. But mostly they're puzzled by the fact that I'm traveling alone. They're right in a way—there is good news and bad news about going solo.
The biggest advantage of traveling alone is that you are seeing things through your own eyes. You can read all of the books and talk to all of the friends you want—and you should do so—but you don't want to rely only on someone else's thought and opinions. Alone on the road it's just you and the world around you. Your take on things. Your view of pretty versus ugly. Your definition of tasty versus inedible. Your understanding of whether the natives are friendly or rude. Sometimes I like to evaluate all of this myself—in the twisting and turnings of my own idiosyncratic brain. Sometimes I just want to nestle into my window seat with me and peer at the world going by without prejudice or prejudgment.
Is there a downside to all of this glorious singularity you ask. Yes. Several actually. There's the ordinary everyday snag in the plan. I am spending way too much money in Norway, my hotel room in Riga reeks of bygone smokers, the flu bug finds me on an endless train ride through Siberia, the camels of Mongolia hate me…it is all my problem. All my problem. No commiseration companion, no one to blame…just me…I did it.
And then there are the emotional and physical components of unaccompanied adventuring. Loneliness, homesickness, depression, exhaustion. All to be expected and written about as I go along, hopefully with lots of dispassionate humor leavening the whining.
Only the mention of boredom surprises people but, after all, even in the most stimulating of circumstances one can only be alert and attentive and engaged so much of the time. There is such guilt accompanying turning off when you're on a new road however. How can I be lying here in my hotel room reading Norwegian Noir in Beijing or grazing on Huffpost in Oslo? Paul Theroux would never ever do that—a time-wasting lie-in while journeying in new lands—would he? He always travels alone and probably leaps out of bed bright-eyed and eager each morning to observe the new scene about which he will write a crankily-brilliant book that I will then devour–imagining on my next trip I will be just like Paul Theroux. Maybe this is that trip? Or not. But that's okay too.
Twenty-eight days until lift-off. Happy Independence Day, Marjorie.
ABOUT THE TIME I DECIDED I SHOULD GO TO EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD.
Marj, very nice picture of you and very thoughtful write-up about the art of traveling, what it takes, means and brings, etc…PS. Btw, if you could send me a copy of that picture of you to bschmidtpd@aol.com, I would really appreciate so that I can save it as a memory of all the meaningful trips we took together, thanks!
Thanks so much for commenting Bernard. I love to hear from you, makes it seem not so long since we've traveled or at least talked! I will send you the photo of course. And one of these days I'm going to post a few of the many many great photos I have of you from our trips. Cheers and happy long weekend.
Hi Marge, I love your photo portrait and I like these thoughts. Agree with most of your philosophy on sole traveling. Myself, I always think when I'm traveling with another person they are seeing what I am seeing but they rarely are and that darkens my pleasure. Matter of fact, others can sabotage your trip with their egos. Single "vulnerability" is my hesitation. Your financial commitment to these trips is even more astonishing. Looking forward to more.


It is either the beginning or the end of the world, and the choice is ourselves or nothing.
A quick trip to San Francisco and Sonoma County.
Maybe, in simpler terms, short-term v. long-term?
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Hand held but clear enough to show what was happening on a very cold night, here are two views of the eclipse. The first shows the umbral shadow, the terminator between the blown-out normal moon brightness and the sharp shadow of earth cutting across. The illumination of the penumbral shadow shows how the earth's atmosphere bends the red rays of the sun around the black disc of the earth (as seen from the moon) and puts a distinct reddish glow across the lunar landscape. It is this light that bounces back to us, revealing what would be in darkness if the earth didn't have an atmosphere.
The second shot shows the moon just before the edge of the umbral shadow covers the moon entirely. Now the colors in the penumbral area are much clearer. I've brought Saturn and Regulus into the shot … they weren't that close in real life.
This entry was posted on February 21, 2008 at 10:33 am and is filed under Photography.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


Message : Costa River Visit Experience Excellent; Tangibles impeccable; Warmth and Hospitality beyond excellence- Starting from the V.P Mr. Ashwini to Front Office Manager- Mr. Brajesh; F& B Manager- Mr. Rahul Mishra to Restaurant Manager- Mr. Ashish; all F.O; Service and Housekeeping staff with whom we interacted , a big thanks to all of them for making our stay memorable. All the staff have Eye for detail; they took care of our special needs with a smile. Mr. Ashiwini wish you and your team a great success !
Message : Excellent Hotel With Courteous Staff Stayed here for two nights and enjoyed thoroughly. Situated at prime location, the hotel is elegant and neatly maintained. The rooms are big and interior is awesome. The staff are very courteous and warm. The food was delicious too but breakfast buffet spread could have been more.
Message : Perfectly All Right. Stay was good. Well planted. value for money. Service was fine. Hotel is located at the prime location and very easy to access the hotel. Nice amenities and comfortable check in and check out. Hotel is very clean.
Message : A Good Stay! The rooms were very presentable and good to use. Amenities were provided to me to my expectations and in terms of view the room is good as well. The breakfast also tasted really well with quality .Overall a great stay in the hotel.
Message : Pleasant Hotel I have stayed in the hotel for a single night and I was happy with quality of the room, food and the atmosphere of the Hotel. The service can be improved with respect to its promptness other wise its a good hotel to stay. Its about 5km - 6km away from Kashi Temple and 16 Km to 20 Km from the airport which about 30 mins drive by a cab.
Message : Awesome And Feel Of 4 Star Hotel We had 2 rooms and overall stay is fantabolous.the good talk here is about the complimentary breakfast and room cleanliness. Looking forward to stay in future. Thank you again.
Message : Hotel is good at ₹*******/- when booked through ******. Rooms were clean bathroom was though very small but clean as well. location was perfect just 10 min away from Cantonment railway station. beautiful location of Cantonment. JHV mall is very near just few walks away. Few star rated hotels are also located near this hotel. ambience inside hotel was very nice. hotel staffs receptionists were well mannered. complementary breakfast was awesome. ********** should not stop giving discount on this hotel as they do with other hotels when they get ample booking in that hotel.


The Como V2 is the latest update to this ever popular boot.
Part of Brogini's Essential Collection, it features a genuine leather foot and inner panel for durability and to provide a natural grip. The outer boot has a specially designed synthetic leather calf made from an innovative fabric designed with a 3D stretch which grips and contours the leg without being restrictive. The Como features a laced front; two rubber spur studs and a full length rear zip with the bottom of the zip protected by a press button spur guard. The side strap has been updated with a silver B button.
We do try to keep the key sizes in stock but if your size is not showing in the options box then please do give us a call for an idea of delivery time as we can normally get them in stock within 48 hours. If you prefer the look of a plain (dress) boot then please check out the Brogini Casperia riding boot which is the Como's equivalent!


"Trees and Their Environment" is a compilation of CEU articles previously published in Arborist News. Written by specialists in the field, the articles were thematically selected to improve arborists' understanding of how trees respond to environmental conditions and changes. Articles include "Back to Basics: Tree Fertilization," "Flood Damaged Trees," and "Soil Properties, parts 1 and 2." This is one of ten sets of articles that will help increase your knowledge and provide you with a better understanding of the subject matter, and is an affordable and convenient way to earn CEUs.
Copyright ©2017 by Norsk Trepleieforum. All rights reserved.


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Digital Literacy: Students, Professors, And Why They're Intertwined
Social media is no longer a small affair tended to by youthful users on the cutting edge of technology. Students and professors alike all exist in the same technological...
by	Jonas	Jul 3, 2017
Social media is no longer a small affair tended to by youthful users on the cutting edge of technology. Students and professors alike all exist in the same technological bubble in which a generation and education gap has been bridged like never before. While ensuring students maintain a proper level of decency in their online lives, it's easy to forget how their teachers can make the same basic mistakes if not occasionally audited on their behavior.
Finding a story about a prospective college career ruined by inappropriate comments made online is not terribly difficult. Not only are digital conversations often permanent, they're also likely to show up at inopportune times and most universities have measures in place when it comes to releasing professors or expelling students for their online remarks. Even public entities, bound by the First Amendment, are occasionally tripped up by laws that allow offensive speech or certain behaviors to be grounds for removal.
When a simple disagreement based around a quiz question can lead to examples of digital stalking and harassment that triggers further rounds of arguments over protected rights and behaviors in the privacy of one's own home, it has become increasingly important to know the ins and outs of handling an online conversation and interactions with students without backlash.
As elegantly summarized by digital media expert Luvvie Ajayi, "privacy ain't privacy anymore." The incident between Kayla Renee Parker and her professor escalated to the point of intervention by their university and the offending professor was let go over her remarks, of which many were inflammatory or less than socially acceptable ways to speak to anyone, let alone a student questioning a test result.
In short, it's important to know the limits of any given chosen social media platform. Something considered private may be taken to the public through screenshots or recordings and nothing is ever completely private, but it is still important to know how to set privacy preferences and when not to engage in unseemly discourse. Even though it's important to be true to one's self, the era of digital media can make that a regrettable choice if one's wrong social face is the one that ends up in the news.
A New Company Enters The Autonomous Car Market
by	Jonas	- Jul 3, 2017
Germany Set To Fine Social Media Companies For Not Removing Hate Speech
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