The hotel featured a driveway, though the ceilings were quite low, so we didn't see many cars pulling in.
The lobby was quite small, and was partitioned into two general areas. The outer general area featured the check-in desks on one side.
The inner area featured a bunch of seating. This serves as somewhat of a lobby lounge, though it's fine if you just sit and work here, which I chose to do a few times since the seating was comfortable.
To the other side of the lobby, opposite to the general check-in desks, was a more exclusive check-in area that we never saw used during the stay. Presumably this serves as a check-in area for top-tier elites, since there was a dedicated check-in desk for Honors members by the general check-in area.
We were checked in by a friendly associate. We'd actually completed check-in on the Hilton Honors app the day prior to check-in, though we weren't happy with our room, despite the fact that we (in theory) got to select it. I wasn't very happy when checking in through the app that our room faced the interior of the hotel, since it meant we wouldn't have a view. We tried to ask for an exterior-facing room, and the associate looked around the booking system for a while before saying there was none available. He was apologetic, and I appreciated that he tried to help (and the hotel showed as full the day before our arrival, so I didn't want to cause too much kerfuffle).
He also said that he had to move us to a different room than the one the app assigned us, since the guests staying in our original room decided to extend their stay by a night. While we were fine with that, it negated the single purpose that our online check-in experience had, since we couldn't even accurately know our room number when we were checked in.
The associate escorted us to the lifts, and from there we made our own way to the rooms. The hallways had some nice wooden finishes, though weren't the most modern.
We were originally assigned room 240, which was right by the lift lobby. We were moved to room 252, which was a little further from the lift lobby, though still only required around a minute of walking. Below is the floorplan of the hotel (the above segment hotel arches into the interior of the building).
The room featured a long L-shaped entryway that forked straight into the bathroom and right into the rest of the room.
While the room has been around since the hotel was an InterContinental, I personally thought it was stunning. The room featured two extremely comfortable beds, a soft chair for lounging, a desk and chair, as well as a flatscreen TV.
More than anything I was impressed by the bright, consistent light wood and pale yellow finishes that the room offered.
While the bed itself was insanely comfortable, I did find the pillows overly soft. Technically I could've ordered for a harder pillow to be sent up, though I got back to the hotel late every night and calling reception to change a pillow was the last thing on my mind.
The desk and chair were fine (especially the desk, which was big enough), though I would've appreciated an office chair of sorts. The chair provided didn't have much padding, and was uncomfortable to sit on after a while.
I was pleased to see that there was an array of different power ports by the desk, as well as by the bed.
I quite liked the lounging chair provided on the other side of the room from the desk. While it wasn't the most ergonomic, it was very well-padded, unlike the chair by the desk, and acted as a nice sofa of sorts for working.
As aforementioned, the room faced the inside of the hotel, so we didn't have much of a view. However, that bothered me less than I thought, since we were away from our room most of the time, and the area was exposed enough to provide sufficient natural light.
It's worth noting that the blackout blinds are electronically controlled, though the controls are unmarked and next to the lighting controls by the bed, so it was hard to find them. Even a housekeeper coming into our room for turndown service was unaware that the curtains were electronically controlled. In my opinion, putting signage for the blackout blinds would be an easy, though necessary fix.
By the cupboard was a minibar, which featured a fridge stocked with bottled drinks. I'm used to hotels offering standard complimentary water in plastic bottles, so was initially worried that there was no complimentary water at all in the room. However, upon calling reception, they told me that since I had an Honors account, the Hildon water in the fridge was complimentary. I was glad to have complimentary premium water for the duration of my stay, though I'm confused – do people without an Honors account (signing up is free, by the way) just not get water at all?
The non-refrigerated part of the minibar contained some snacks, Nespresso coffee, tea, and spirits (I believe the tea and coffee was complimentary, but I'm not so sure).
I was quite impressed by the bathroom. It was large, featuring a sink, a separately enclosed toilet, and a separate tub and shower.
While marble isn't my personal favourite material when it comes to finishes (that would be concrete), I appreciated that the design of the bathroom stayed coherent with the rest of the room, with warm, off-white hues and tiles with brown marble finishings.
We never actually used the tub during our stay, though it was very nice to have the luxury of extra space.
While the toilet and shower were large enough, I can't help but feel like space was wasted with the window ledge. The walls were very thick, and they felt hollow as well, so presumably both spaces could've been expanded further. Nonetheless, the ledge served as a good place to put a phone in the enclosed bathroom, and toiletries in the shower.
The water pressure wasn't amazing, but was decent enough. Once again I wish the shower room was bigger, as the hollow walls suggested that space wasn't maximised, though there was ample space for a shower.
The shower controls were easy to use, and the water temperature was consistent.
The bathroom featured Shanghai Tang amenities. I really wanted to love these – I've used Shanghai Tang amenities in the past, and it's a Hong Kong brand – but I didn't like these at all. They smelt fine, but left so much residue on the skin.
The flatscreen TV was embedded into the wall, and on it was a message with some advised safety precautions when exploring London, which I appreciated, especially given that London has been going through somewhat of a hard time over the past few years.
While I appreciate the choice (and the advertised speeds were true to their word as well, according to speedtest.net), I do wish that they offered premium WiFi to all guests. 2 Mb/s is terrible for WiFi speeds, especially in such a technologically forward city. I've been to so many hotels that offer high-speed WiFi for free. At the end we just purchased a 3-day plan for our first three nights, and a separate 24-hour plan for our last night, so we could stay productive.
This hotel offered turndown service, which I'm a fan of, since it's an additional, not-very-costly procedure that gives hotels a luxurious touch. However, it was consistently poorly executed for our room, for all four nights.
One night one bed was turned down, whereas the other wasn't. For the following two consecutive nights I was working in my room during turndown service – the first night the housekeeper had no idea that the curtains were electronically controlled, so she attempted to pull them closed with her own hands, and was gobsmacked when I finished the job for her with the controls. We shared a laugh over it, though it's quite astounding that even hotel employees aren't aware of the room's features. The second night she forgot to close the curtains altogether.
To be clear none of these things actually bothered me one bit. For example, I was working on my bed when the housekeeper came over, so could literally reach across to the controls and close the curtains myself. However, it's precision that sets apart the best of the best, and my experience with turndown service at the Conrad just hit a few bum notes.
Breakfast at the hotel was served at its adjacent restaurant, the Blue Boar Restaurant, from 6:30 AM to 10:30 AM on weekdays and 7 AM to 11 AM on weekends. The restaurant itself was stunning (and usually rather busy, so I couldn't grab a great picture).
Breakfast wasn't included in our rate, so I could choose between the continental breakfast buffet for £21 or the full breakfast buffet for £29. The continental breakfast spread looked high-quality, though the selection was very limited.
There were also a few hot items that didn't look particularly appealing to me, and there was no way I was shelling out £29 for some cold cuts and ~10 hot breakfast items.
There's also a separate breakfast menu, which I decided to go with, since I didn't think the breakfast buffet was worth it in the least. The items were pricey here, though not unbearably so for a hotel restaurant in central London.
At the end I decided to order some buttermilk pancakes (for some reason the first waiter I came across kept repeating the word "blankets", and had to call over another waiter to receive my order). The buttermilk pancakes were served with a blueberry compote and maple syrup. The pancakes were fluffy and the blueberry compote was quite nice, providing a tartness that contrasted the maple syrup. However, with service charge included I was paying £15.20 for these pancakes, which I didn't think was worth it at all.
I also ordered a cappuccino. While very good, it was another £6.20 (!), which is insane.
While the quality of breakfast was quite good at the Blue Boar, I found it way overpriced for what it was. Fortunately, the hotel is adjacent to a Costa (coffee shop), and down the street you'll be able to find a few other breakfast places, including healthy chain shop Abokado. I'd advise against eating breakfast at the hotel if it isn't included in your room rate.
In terms of other hotel amenities, there's a 24/7, key-card-access gym in the basement. The gym was nice enough, though the equipment was extremely limited. For example, there were weights, but there wasn't even a flat bench for bench pressing. Sometimes when visiting gyms at certain hotels I have to wonder if their designer had ever worked out before.
On the plus side, I did appreciate the free apples, and I quite liked the water display. The gym also had a dedicated toilet.
Lastly, the hotel also features a lobby bar behind the lobby. It looked quite nice, though I never had a chance to dine or have a drink there.
The hotel also features an executive lounge, which looks nice in pictures. However, our room didn't come with lounge access, so I never had a chance to visit. The hotel doesn't have a spa or a pool (which makes sense, given it's not the largest hotel in the area, and it's located in central London, where people have better things to do than swim in a city hotel).
The Conrad London St. James is a very nice option for staying in London, considering it normally isn't priced much higher than other mid-tier hotels around the area. I found the rooms very well-appointed, and the public spaces quite nice as well. At the end of the day the hotel still has a few issues – their gym is lackluster, their breakfast is overpriced, and the hotel needs to invest more in training for turndown service if they're going to do it at all. Nevertheless, I wouldn't hesitate to stay here again, especially if the hotel was priced below other options in London.
Have you stayed at the Conrad London St. James, or its predecessor, the InterContinental London Westminster? How was your experience?
‹ PreviousWAIT: Qatar Airways' Bangkok Lounge Is Closed Already?


Thyroid profile is a group of blood tests that evaluates functioning of thyroid gland which is located in the lower part of your neck. If you are searching for available center across Hyderabad city for thyroid profile tests, then here are some medical centers and diagnostic centers shortlisted for you. You can find other details like rates, address and contact number of the diagnostic center. Thus, you can select suitable center that caters to your requirements and budget.
Following are the Thyroid Profile centers from most reputed pathology / radiology labs in Hyderabad.
The thyroid gland resembles the shape of a butterfly and secretes two kinds of hormones- triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4). Thyroid profile test checks for the presence of two conditions- hypothyroidism (under active thyroid functioning) and hyperthyroidism (over active thyroid functioning). Both of these conditions depend on secretion of hormones by thyroid gland.
Thyroid test is a simple blood test and does not require fasting. One can resume their daily routine immediately after the test. The test checks for TSH, thyrotropin (Thyroid stimulating hormone) in donar's blood sample. If the test reveals positive results, then further thyroid tests are conducted to access levels of T3 and T4 (thyroid hormones) in blood.
With proper medication and treatments, thyroid disorders can be controlled. It is important that patients take their medications on time so that the disorder can be brought into control.
Thyroid profile test can also be performed on new born babies to detect inherited thyroid disorders.


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Coloriage, Coloriage Bonne Annee 2018 Maternelle was posted March 23, 2017 at 2:32 am by digital-trend.info . More over Coloriage Bonne Annee 2018 Maternelle has viewed by 1585 visitor.


I swear, the biggest thing most guys deal with is trying to think of the most clever, indirect, "perfect" game opener to use on hot women. And truthfully, I can relate.
When I first got started trying to improve my skills with women and dating, I tried thinking of the perfect game openers that I could use to meet women and create attraction.
I rationalized, that the words I said was much more important than the vibe that I conveyed or the body language that I exuded (which eventually, I later learned that words weren't more important than the non-verbal cues that my body was giving off).
Your body language, your posture, the way you look women in the eyes, the tone of your voice, the speed that you walk, these things are all much more important than the actual words that you say. (Remember: 90% of all communication is happening non-verbally).
But with that said, when I first began learning how to attract and pick up women, I still wanted to know what the successful guys said to women after they approached her. I still wanted to learn and understand the underlying mindset of why those successful guys said the things that they said and what their reasoning was behind it.
This post will give you 3 game openers that you can use TODAY to meet women and attract them to you.
One of my most absolute favorite game openers to use on the women I meet is "Hey, I think you're cute and I want to know more about you. My name is Malcolm." This opener works so well because of so many different reasons.
First of all this game opener works well because you're being direct with women and NOT beating around the bush.
Another reason why this game opener works so well is because you're offering her a genuine compliment and you're immediately introducing yourself by name to create and establish rapport and immediately set the stage of potential friends (who will sleep with each other) getting to know one another.
Want to know another reason why this game opener works so well on the women who you meet?
It immediately gets the girl qualifying herself to you. Your game opener conveys the message that "I think you're cute and attractive, but is there more to you than just looks?" That's the underlying message that this openers conveys.
And make no mistake, women are very good at reading between the lines. Women are very perceptive to frames and the underlying meaning of words and sentences.
Begin using this game opener if you want to meet women and build attraction fast.
This game opener is golden for meeting pretty women and getting into a conversation with them in a hurry.
Because the question starts off as very innocent sounding. You are ONLY asking her where the nearest Starbucks is in the area and as ANY person would do, she has to stop and respond to your simple question.
After she stops and answers your question, it is very EASY to begin a conversation with her and begin asking her other questions about herself personally as well.
You: Excuse me, do you know where the nearest Starbucks is around here?
Her: Oh, you just go right up the street there and make a right and you will see it on your left hand corner.
You: Wow… you knew the EXACT directions on how to get there. You must drink coffee a LOT?
(and the conversation continues and now 2 strangers are now interacting and getting to know one another all because one person asked where the nearest Starbucks was).
When all else fails and you don't know what to say, this is the "perfect" game opener to use to help you meet women because it's simple, it doesn't come across as try-hard, and it's an easy way to get a girl talking. And we all know a person's favorite thing to talk about is themselves.
All this opener requires you to do is say 5 simple words "Hi, how's your day going?" and this opener does NOT sound like a typical, sleazy "pick-up line".
This game opener comes across as natural (because it is) and relatable (because people like to tell other people how their day is going and how their feeling).
If you've ever wanted to learn a simple game opener that would help you meet women and attract them with very low-effort then this is THE game opener for you to use.
This article has given you 3 proven game openers that will get you results (and laid).
Meeting women doesn't have to be hard for you any longer with these simple tips that I have just now given to you.
Learning how to approach women and start a conversation with them is the hardest thing for most men to do and overcome.
Once you are able to meet women and open them effectively, everything else comes natural and falls into place.
Begin meeting and attracting more women today and become that "perfect man" that every girl dreams about.
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text:
package com.wei.c.receiver.storage;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;

import com.wei.c.receiver.AbsBroadcastReceiver;

/**
 * @author 周伟 Wei Chou(weichou2010@gmail.com)
 */
public class StorageReceiver extends AbsBroadcastReceiver {

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	@Override
	protected StorageObservable newObservable() {
		return new StorageObservable();
	}

	@Override
	protected IntentFilter newFilter() {
		IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_BUTTON);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_UNMOUNTABLE);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_NOFS);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_CHECKING);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_STARTED);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_FINISHED);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SHARED);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_EJECT);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_UNMOUNTED);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_REMOVED);
		filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_BAD_REMOVAL);
		filter.addDataScheme("file");
		filter.setPriority(IntentFilter.SYSTEM_HIGH_PRIORITY);	//提高广播接受优先级
		return filter;
	}

	public static void registerObserver(StorageObserver observer) {
		registerObserver(observer, StorageReceiver.class);
	}

	public static void unregisterObserver(StorageObserver observer) {
		unregisterObserver(observer, StorageReceiver.class);
	}

	public static void unregisterAll() {
		unregisterAll(StorageReceiver.class);
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Coben shares creative vision in Cannes
Walking The Path
Marriage vows
By Andy Fry
Harlan Coben at MipTV this week
Crime novelist Harlan Coben was at MipTV in Cannes this week to promote his new series The Five, created in partnership with Red Production Company for UK pay TV channel Sky1.
While in town he also took 30 minutes out of his schedule to take part in a keynote interview. Articulate and witty, he provided plenty of food for thought for would-be novelists and screenwriters in the audience.
He is, for example, refreshingly honest about his status as a writer. Asked about his influences, he expressed irritation at writers who talk as though they haven't lived through the modern era: "Ask a lot of writers about their influences and they'll say Milton, Shakespeare, the great philosophers, but that's all nonsense. I was influenced as much by the old Batman series as anything, the TV shows I grew up with."
This may explain why Coben has found it relatively easy to convert himself from a novelist (28 novels, 60 million book sales worldwide) into a TV writer: "I've always seen my books as quite visual – though I didn't realise how visual you could be with TV until I started working on The Five."
His books are also packed with dialogue, another symptom common among novelists who have grown up in the TV era. His emphasis on dialogue that works hard is another factor that has made the jump to TV achievable: "I've always believed dialogue has to serve more than one purpose in a book, and it's the same for a TV show. It's advancing the plot, but it has also got to tell you something about the character and create mood. If your dialogue isn't doing at least two of these things, you should get rid of it."
The Five follows a group of childhood friends who are reunited after a murder
A lot is written about the difference between the internalised world of the novel and the way TV plot and character development are moved forward through action. But Coben focused more on the way novel-writing is a solitary occupation whereas TV is collaborative.
He enjoyed the fact that, with The Five, his original idea was refracted through the prisms of other people's perspectives: "I planted the seed and someone else is taking care of the tree. For me, that's exciting. It's cool that I had this idea in Jersey where I live and now this wonderful cast, crew and production team have turned it into this glorious thing. I'm not just seeing my interpretation but a lot of people's work."
That said, it's not an accident that Coben's TV work to date has involved European partners – before The Five, he adapted one of his novels, No Second Chance, for TF1 in France
Obsessive about his work, he told delegates that Sky and TF1 were more willing to allow him to present his vision than the Hollywood system would have been: "That's important to me. We might succeed or fail with The Five, but a least I know the end result is based on my vision."
Cohen is unabashedly commercial and expresses annoyance with writers who say they only write for themselves: "That's like one hand clapping, or saying I only talk to myself. What we do, books or TV, is all about communication. I chase readers/viewers because I want my stories to move them, to keep them up at night. No one wants to make a TV series that isn't watched by anyone."
TF1's No Second Chance
Although he has good dialogue with his fans, he says he tries not to be too influenced by their opinions: "If a consistent message was coming back from them, I'd probably listen – but there never is. I appreciate my fans, but it's a mistake to write by committee. We're not as good when we try to do what people want. My job is to take fans where they don't necessarily know they want to go. I don't look at the data and try to respond. If I see that my books are popular in Bulgaria, I don't add a Bulgarian character in the next one. I write about what I know. The more specific you are with your creative vision, the more universal the appeal."
Coben focused more on the similarities between books and TV than the differences, comparing The Five to a novel on TV – with "10 chapters, and a real end, no cliffhangers – because that's unfair on the audience. I want them to like the show enough they come back for the next one. At the end of the day, both forms come down to storytelling and that's how it's been since the caveman era. You tell a story; if you're boring, someone picks up a club and kills you."
Despite his sales success, Coben talked about the anxiety and constant self-doubt that comes with being a writer: "I'm still learning how to write novels. Part of being a writer is you're immensely insecure and always think you suck. And every day, that brings me back… when you lose that doubt, that's when you call it a day. Only bad writers think they're good. You need that angst to make your stuff better."
Continuing this theme, he advised fellow creators to avoid reading reviews on platforms like Amazon: "It's like reading the comments section below a news story. Don't do it!"
Aside from The Five, Coben has now launched a TV company with Red's Nicola Shindler called Final Twist, which will make scripted shows based on his books. The first one in development is Six Years.
On working in TV, he added: "This really is the golden age. It's never been better, there's never been more variety and there have never been more ways of seeing it. And how lucky are we to work in this business? We get to make TV for a living! We're not making cardboard boxes for a living. I don't care how long you've been doing this, that's just so frigging cool!"
tagged in: Harlan Coben, MipTV, Nicola Shindler, Red Production Company, Sky1, The Five

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Web layout can be an enjoyable and pleasant experience. It's an alternative that combines technical competencies with innovative ability. If you experience relaxed with computer technology and you revel in developing documents, web layout can be a fantastic manner to mix the two pursuits.
I've been getting to know web layout given that I become ten years antique, in 1994. I now do numerous internet layout for myself and for some small business clients. There have been plenty of pleasures, but add lots of frustrations. If you're thinking about becoming a web dressmaker, there are a few belongings you should hold in mind.
No depends on how you make a decision to research internet design and how making a decision to enter the sphere, some humans have a higher capability to grow to be web designers than others.
When you're programming, even if you're the usage of a simple language like HTML and the usage of a useful software like Dreamweaver, you are going to stumble upon a few frustrations. Sometimes, after I create an HTML file, I spend loads greater time making corrections and problem solving than doing a laugh stuff. Are you organized to spend quite a few time trying out and making little modifications? No count how you approach web design, tedium can't be absolutely averted. If you're effortlessly frustrated and discouraged, internet design might not be for you.
Unless internet design goes to be only a hobby for you, you will have clients you need to paintings with. Sometimes clients have loads of precise expectancies. Some clients have revealed in with web design themselves, however, others can also demand matters without understanding the technical limitations involved. Before you begin any mission for customers, it's pleasant to have a radical conversation with them approximately what they need and what they want. That can save you quite a few time. How would you like to spend weeks growing an internet site, simplest to find out that your customer wishes completely unique fonts, colorations, snapshots, site agency, and content material? If you'll get into designing net pages for different human beings, you'll need to be ready to make a whole lot of compromises and take a whole lot of complaint. Are you geared up for that?
Finally, ask yourself if you have the time and energy to promote yourself. If you want to be employed by an internet design firm, further to get to know capabilities and possibly acquiring certifications, you've also got to be geared up to pound the pavement with your resume and portfolio. It would possibly take you over 12 months to find a task. Be ready to attend a number of process interviews, and probably get plenty of rejections.
If you're going to grow to be a freelancer, like I am, you've absolutely got to dedicate lots of electricity to self-merchandising. Set up a website, ideally together with your own area. Be equipped to spend a few cash on advertising. Spend a lot of time selling your offerings with social media – Twitter, Facebook, Linked-In, and so forth. Scan commercials, especially online classifieds. Print business playing cards and distribute them anywhere you can. Use your connections and phrase-of-mouth to your advantage. Tell absolutely everyone you understand that you're an internet dressmaker, and maybe a person is aware of a person who might be your first patron. Sometimes I spend more time promoting myself than I do truly doing the paintings itself.


text:
Blog | March 25, 2021
Mission: Readiness California 2021-2022 Policy Agenda
Our legislative priorities for California fiscal year
Champions for America's Future
California 2021-2022 Budget and Legislative Priorities
Statement on the 2021-2022 California Budget
2021-2022 Mission: Readiness Budget and Legislative Policy Agenda
Children's Health & Nutrition
Mission: Readiness members are committed to bolstering child health and nutrition through expansion of food assistance programs and increased allocations meant to strengthen school-meal programs. The significant increases of food insecurity propelled by the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with increased rates of obesity among children and young adults in California in recent years, also impel our Mission: Readiness members to ensure that our next generation has the tools and resources they need to lead healthy and productive lives.
Budget Investments:
Support a one-time, $1 million investment for the California Department of Social Services to design and integrate a user-centered, simplified CalFresh application to facilitate CalFresh enrollment among Californians most vulnerable to hunger.
State Legislation:
SB 20 (Dodd) - CalFresh Nutrition Access
What the bill does: This bill would expand access to CalFresh benefits for community college students by requiring the Student Aid Commission to provide written notice to community college students who may be eligible. CalFresh, known federally as SNAP, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, establishes student eligibility based on exemptions permitted by federal regulations. SB 20 also aims to improve access to CalFresh benefits for a subset of community college students who are fee waiver recipients and whose household income is below 200 percent of the federal poverty level.
SB 364 (Skinner) - School Meals for All Act
What the bill does: This bill, known as the Free School Meals for All Act of 2021, would increase food security for children by requiring all eligible public schools to participate in a specified federal free and reduced-price meal program. It would also require the State Department of Education to assist local educational agencies in this effort. SB 364 would make California the first state in the nation to extend the Pandemic Electronic Benefit Transfer (P-EBT) program indefinitely, ensuring that children have access to food during holiday breaks or emergencies.
AB 586 (O'Donnell) - School Health Demonstration Project
What the bill does: This bill would establish the School Health Demonstration Project, within the State Department of Health Care Services, to expand comprehensive health and mental health services to public school pupils by providing training and support services to selected local educational agencies.
Why these bills matter (AB 563 and AB 586): A lack of routine health care can cause adverse effects such as missed diagnosis of cognitive or developmental issues and the worsening of existing mental health issues over time, and even vaccine-preventable disease. These can transcend into the classroom, and make it harder for a child to focus or stay in good academic standing, which, in turn, may affect school performance, graduation rates, and future success.
SB 107 (Wiener) - SNAP Elderly Access & Telephonic Signature Access
What the bill does: This bill would simplify the CalFresh application for older adults and people with disabilities and would also simplify the enrollment process for all CalFresh recipients by allowing telephone approval, known as a telephonic signature, in place of a written signature.
Why these bills matter (SB 20, SB 364, and SB 107): Food insecurity and lack of access to nutritious foods has caused an urgent threat in a growing malnutrition and obesity crisis. In addition, children and youth who experience ongoing food insecurity have a harder time learning and more issues with social and emotional interactions due to developmental impacts and lower energy. Today, a third of young adults, ages 17-24, could not qualify for military services due to excess weight, caused by a lack of access to ample education, nutrition, or physical activity. Ensuring students and their families have access to ample nutrition grants them the tools and resources they need to lead healthy, fulfilling, and productive lives.
Mental health consultations and programs for children are critical at addressing existing behavior problems, preventing further difficulties, and building a child's social-emotional skills. These consultations and programs can provide benefits to both children and early education staff by reducing problems with behavior, fewer expulsions, an improved learning environment for classes, as well as reduced stress, increased teaching skills, and increased involvement with parents.
AB 563 (Berman) - School-Based Health Programs What the bill does: This bill would establish an Office of School-Based Health Programs within the California Department of Education to ensure a coordinated approach to assist schools in meeting the increased demand for student health and mental health services while drawing down federal reimbursement.
Early Childhood Care & Education
Access to high-quality early care and education can help underserved children succeed in school, become healthy and fit adults, and open the doors to college, careers, and military service, if they
Mission Readiness supports the California ECE Coalition's state budget requests that include increasing provider reimbursement rates, increased investments in subsidized child care, waiving copayments or fees for low-income families in childcare, and investing in technology.
AB 92 (Reyes) - Preschool & Development Services: Family Fees
What the bill does: This bill would create an equitable sliding scale for child care family fees that will alleviate the burden on working families struggling to pay for child care and early childhood education services.
Why it matters: A 2019 study by ReadyNation revealed that the lack of reliable child care for working parents of young children, up to age 3, could come to $6.8 to $9.1 billion in annual costs in lost earnings, productivity, and revenue for California.
AB 865 (Quirk-Silva) - Child Care Services Alternative Payment Programs
What the bill does: This bill would allow for family child care providers and centers to be reimbursed based on a family's maximum certified hours of need and not based on attendance. It would also require the State to make direct deposits to contractors, and greater use of electronic communications to best support the needs of families.
Why it matters: The child care industry is a vital backbone to California's future economy. Since the pandemic, an estimated 5,500 family child care homes and 9,200 childcare centers have closed in California. This bill would lessen the financial hardships imposed on California's family child care providers by allowing them to more accurately plan and budget to stay open for business.
SB 50 (Limón) - Strengthening the 0-5 ECE System
What the bill does: This bill would strengthen and streamline the early learning and care system by, among other things, opening the State Preschool Program (CSPP) to serve children 0-5, expand eligibility for subsidized child care & preschool to more families, and allow unhoused families and families with variable work schedules to better access child care.
Why it matters: Quality early learning experiences during the earliest years help set children on a path to thrive in school and life while supporting working parents.
SB 246 (Leyva) - Early Childhood Education: Reimbursement Rates
What the bill does: This bill would establish a single regionalized state reimbursement rate system — The Child Care Stabilization Formula — for child care, preschool, and early learning services.
Why it matters: California's current bifurcated rate system and low reimbursement rates make it harder to fund and deliver high-quality child care. A single state reimbursement rate system would increase teacher compensation, move toward adequately funding early child care programs, and contribute to increasing high-quality care.
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defile / defiled / defilement
Note: Although various Old Testament practices are not binding under the New Covenant, such passages may nevertheless be useful for reference purposes.
Meanwhile, Jacob heard that Shechem had defiled his daughter Dinah; but since his sons were out in the fields with his livestock, he held his peace until they came home. [GEN 34:5]
On the third day, while they were still in pain, Dinah's full brothers Simeon and Levi, two of Jacob's sons, took their swords, advanced against the city without any trouble, and massacred all the males. After they had put Hamor and his son Shechem to the sword, they took Dinah from Shechem's house and left. Then the other sons of Jacob followed up the slaughter and sacked the city in reprisal for their sister Dinah's defilement. [GEN 34:25-27]
"You, Reuben, my first-born, my strength and the first fruit of my manhood, excelling in rank and excelling in power! Unruly as water, you shall no longer excel, for you climbed into your father's bed and defiled my couch to my sorrow." [GEN 49:3-4]
"You shall warn the Israelites of their uncleanness, lest by defiling my Dwelling, which is in their midst, their uncleanness be the cause of their death." [Taken from LEV 15:31]
Thus he shall make atonement for the sanctuary because of all the sinful defilements and faults of the Israelites. He shall do the same for the meeting tent, which is set up among them in the midst of their uncleanness. [LEV 16:16]
You shall not have carnal relations with your neighbor's wife, defiling yourself with her. [LEV 18:20]
"Do not defile yourselves by any of these things by which the nations whom I am driving out of your way have defiled themselves. Because their land has become defiled, I am punishing it for its wickedness, by making it vomit out its inhabitants. You, however, whether natives or resident aliens, must keep my statutes and decrees forbidding all such abominations by which the previous inhabitants defiled the land; otherwise the land will vomit you out also for having defiled it, just as it vomited out the nations before you. Everyone who does any of these abominations shall be cut off from among his people. Heed my charge, then, not to defile yourselves by observing the abominable customs that have been observed before you. I, the LORD, am your God." [LEV 18:24-30]
"Do not go to mediums or consult fortune-tellers, for you will be defiled by them. I, the LORD, am your God." [LEV 19:31]
I myself will turn against such a man and cut him off from the body of his people; for in giving his offspring to Molech, he has defiled my sanctuary and profaned my holy name. [Taken from LEV 20:3]
The LORD said to Moses: "Order the Israelites to expel from camp every leper, and everyone suffering from a discharge, and everyone who has become unclean by contact with a corpse. Male and female alike, you shall compel them to go out of the camp; they are not to defile the camp in which I dwell." The Israelites obeyed the command that the LORD had given Moses; they expelled them from the camp. [NUM 5:1-4]
Once she has done so, if she has been impure and unfaithful to her husband, this bitter water that brings a curse will go into her, and her belly will swell and her thighs will waste away, so that she will become an example of imprecation among her people. If, however, the woman has not defiled herself, but is still pure, she will be immune and will still be able to bear children. [Taken from NUM 5:27-28]
Everyone who fails to purify himself after touching the body of any deceased person, defiles the Dwelling of the LORD and shall be cut off from Israel. Since the lustral water has not been splashed over him, he remains unclean: his uncleanness still clings to him. [NUM 19:13]
Any unclean man who fails to have himself purified shall be cut off from the community, because he defiles the sanctuary of the LORD. As long as the lustral water has not been splashed over him, he remains unclean. [NUM 19:20]
"Do not defile the land in which you live and in the midst of which I dwell; for I am the LORD who dwells in the midst of the Israelites." [NUM 35:34]
"If a man guilty of a capital offense is put to death and his corpse hung on a tree, it shall not remain on the tree overnight. You shall bury it the same day; otherwise, since God's curse rests on him who hangs on a tree, you will defile the land which the LORD, your God, is giving you as an inheritance." [DEUT 21:22-23]
"When a man, after marrying a woman and having relations with her, is later displeased with her because he finds in her something indecent, and therefore he writes out a bill of divorce and hands it to her, thus dismissing her from his house: if on leaving his house she goes and becomes the wife of another man, and the second husband, too, comes to dislike her and dismisses her from his house by handing her a written bill of divorce; or if this second man who has married her, dies; then her former husband, who dismissed her, may not again take her as his wife after she has become defiled. That would be an abomination before the LORD, and you shall not bring such guilt upon the land which the LORD, your God, is giving you as a heritage." [DEUT 24:1-4] [Note: In the New Testament, Jesus has made it clear that divorce is prohibited. (See topic: Divorce)]
He brought in all the priests from the cities of Judah, and then defiled, from Geba to Beer-sheba, the high places where they had offered incense. He also tore down the high place of the satyrs, which was at the entrance of the Gate of Joshua, governor of the city, to the left as one enters the city gate. [Taken from 2KGS 23:8]
The king also defiled Topheth in the Valley of Ben-hinnom, so that there would no longer be an immolation of sons or daughters by fire in honor of Molech. [2KGS 23:10]
The king defiled the high places east of Jerusalem, south of the Mount of Misconduct, which Solomon, king of Israel, had built in honor of Astarte, the Sidonian horror, of Chemosh, the Moabite horror, and of Milcom, the idol of the Ammonites. [2KGS 23:13]
When Josiah turned and saw the graves there on the mountainside, he ordered the bones taken from the graves and burned on the altar, and thus defiled it in fulfillment of the word of the LORD which the man of God had proclaimed as Jeroboam was standing by the altar on the feast day. When the king looked up and saw the grave of the man of God who had proclaimed these words, he asked, "What is that tombstone I see?" The men of the city replied, "It is the grave of the man of God who came from Judah and predicted the very things you have done to the altar of Bethel." [2KGS 23:16-17]
Remember against them, O my God, how they defiled the priesthood and the covenant of the priesthood and the Levites! [Taken from NEH 13:29]
At that time, then, she spread out her hands, and facing the window, poured out this prayer: "Blessed are you, O Lord, merciful God! Forever blessed and honored is your holy name; may all your works forever bless you. And now, O Lord, to you I turn my face and raise my eyes. Bid me to depart from the earth, never again to hear such insults. You know, O Master, that I am innocent of any impure act with a man, And that I have never defiled my own name or my father's name in the land of my exile. I am my father's only daughter, and he has no other child to make his heir, Nor does he have a close kinsman or other relative whom I might bide my time to marry. I have already lost seven husbands; why then should I live any longer? But if it please you, Lord, not to slay me, look favorably upon me and have pity on me; never again let me hear these insults!" [TOBIT 3:11-15]
"Their wives you handed over to plunder, and their daughters to captivity; and all the spoils you divided among your favored sons, who burned with zeal for you, and in their abhorrence of the defilement of their kinswoman, called on you for help." [Taken from JDTH 9:4]
"You, the Lord, crush warfare; Lord is your name. Shatter their strength in your might, and crush their force in your wrath; for they have resolved to profane your sanctuary, to defile the tent where your glorious name resides, and to overthrow with iron the horns of your altar." [Taken from JDTH 9:8]
"As the Lord lives, who has protected me in the path I have followed, I swear that it was my face that seduced Holofernes to his ruin, and that he did not sin with me to my defilement or disgrace." [Taken from JDTH 13:16]
Then they built up the City of David with a high, massive wall and strong towers, and it became their citadel. There they installed a sinful race, perverse men, who fortified themselves inside it, storing up weapons and provisions, and depositing there the plunder they had collected from Jerusalem. And they became a great threat. The citadel became an ambush against the sanctuary, and a wicked adversary to Israel at all times. And they shed innocent blood around the sanctuary; they defiled the sanctuary. Because of them the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled away, and she became the abode of strangers. She became a stranger to her own offspring, and her children forsook her. Her sanctuary was as desolate as a wilderness; her feasts were turned into mourning, Her sabbaths to shame, her honor to contempt. Her dishonor was as great as her glory had been, and her exaltation was turned into mourning. [1MACC 1:33-40]
They preferred to die rather than to be defiled with unclean food or to profane the holy covenant; and they did die. Terrible affliction was upon Israel. [Taken from 1MACC 1:63]
We see our sanctuary and our beauty and our glory laid waste, And the Gentiles have defiled them! [1MACC 2:12]
The happy thought came to them to tear it down, lest it be a lasting shame to them that the Gentiles had defiled it; so they tore down the altar. [Taken from 1MACC 4:45]
On the anniversary of the day on which the Gentiles had defiled it, on that very day it was reconsecrated with songs, harps, flutes, and cymbals. [1MACC 4:54]
But he mocked and ridiculed them, defiled them, and spoke disdainfully. In a rage he swore: "If Judas and his army are not delivered to me at once, when I return victorious I will burn this temple down." He went away in great anger. The priests, however, went in and stood before the altar and the sanctuary. They wept and said: "You have chosen this house to bear your name, to be a house of prayer and petition for your people. Take revenge on this man and his army, and let them fall by the sword. Remember their blasphemies, and do not let them continue." [1MACC 7:34-38]
"In his time and under his guidance they succeeded in driving the Gentiles out of their country, especially those in the City of David in Jerusalem, who had built for themselves a citadel from which they used to sally forth to defile the environs of the temple and inflict grave injury on its purity. In this citadel he stationed Jewish soldiers, and he strengthened its fortifications for the defense of the land and the city, while he also raised the wall of Jerusalem to a greater height." [Taken from 1MACC 14:36-37]
When this man arrived in Jerusalem, he pretended to be peacefully disposed and waited until the holy day of the sabbath; then, finding the Jews refraining from work, he ordered his men to parade fully armed. All those who came out to watch, he massacred, and running through the city with armed men, he cut down a large number of people. But Judas Maccabeus and about nine others withdrew to the wilderness, where he and his companions lived like wild animals in the hills, continuing to eat what grew wild to avoid sharing the defilement. [2MACC 5:25-27]
Eleazar, one of the foremost scribes, a man of advanced age and noble appearance, was being forced to open his mouth to eat [unlawful food]. But preferring a glorious death to a life of defilement, he spat out the [unlawful food], and went forward of his own accord to the instrument of torture, as men ought to do who have the courage to reject the food which it is unlawful to taste even for love of life. [Taken from 2MACC 6:18-20]
Three years later, Judas and his men learned that Demetrius, son of Seleucus, had sailed into the port of Tripolis with a powerful army and a fleet, and that he had occupied the country, after doing away with Antiochus and his guardian Lysias. A certain Alcimus, a former high priest, who had willfully incurred defilement at the time of the revolt, realized that there was no way for him to salvage his position and regain access to the holy altar. So he went to King Demetrius in the year one hundred and fifty-one and presented him with a gold crown and a palm branch, as well as some of the customary olive branches from the temple. On that occasion he kept quiet. But he found an opportunity to further his mad scheme when he was invited to the council by Demetrius and questioned about the dispositions and intentions of the Jews. [Taken from 2MACC 14:1-5]
Can a man be found who is clean of defilement? There is none, however short his days. [Taken from JOB 14:4-5]
O God, the nations have invaded your heritage; they have defiled your holy temple, have laid Jerusalem in ruins. [Taken from PS 79:1]
But now you have rejected and spurned, been enraged at your anointed. You renounced the covenant with your servant, defiled his crown in the dust. You broke down all his defenses, left his strongholds in ruins. All who pass through seize plunder; his neighbors deride him. You have exalted the right hand of his foes, have gladdened all his enemies. You turned back his sharp sword, did not support him in battle. You brought to an end his splendor, hurled his throne to the ground. [Taken from PS 89:39-45]
They defiled themselves by their actions, became adulterers by their conduct. So the LORD grew angry with his people, abhorred his own heritage. He handed them over to the nations, and their adversaries ruled them. Their enemies oppressed them, kept them under subjection. Many times did he rescue them, but they kept rebelling and scheming and were brought low by their own guilt. Still God had regard for their affliction when he heard their wailing. For their sake he remembered his covenant and relented in his abundant love, Winning for them compassion from all who held them captive. [PS 106:39-46]
When I brought you into the garden land to eat its goodly fruits, You entered and defiled my land, you made my heritage loathsome. The priests asked not, "Where is the LORD?" Those who dealt with the law knew me not: the shepherds rebelled against me. The prophets prophesied by Baal, and went after useless idols. Therefore will I yet accuse you, says the LORD, and even your children's children I will accuse. [JER 2:7-9]
Though you scour it with soap, and use much lye, The stain of your guilt is still before me, says the Lord GOD. How can you say, "I am not defiled, I have not gone after the Baals"? Consider your conduct in the Valley, recall what you have done: A frenzied she-camel, coursing near and far, breaking away toward the desert, Snuffing the wind in her ardor - who can restrain her lust? No beasts need tire themselves seeking her; in her month they will meet her. Stop wearing out your shoes and parching your throat! But you say, "No use! no! I love these strangers, and after them I must go." As the thief is shamed when caught, so shall the house of Israel be shamed: They, their kings and their princes, their priests and their prophets; They who say to a piece of wood, "You are my father," and to a stone, "You gave me birth." They turn to me their backs, not their faces; yet, in their time of trouble they cry out, "Rise up and save us!" Where are the gods you made for yourselves? Let them rise up! Will they save you in your time of trouble? For as numerous as your cities are your gods, O Judah! And as many as the streets of Jerusalem are the altars you have set up for Baal. How dare you still plead with me? You have all rebelled against me, says the LORD. [JER 2:22-29]
If a man sends away his wife and, after leaving him, she marries another man, Does the first husband come back to her? Would not the land be wholly defiled? But you have sinned with many lovers, and yet you would return to me! says the LORD. Lift your eyes to the heights, and see, where have men not lain with you? By the waysides you waited for them like an Arab in the desert. You defiled the land by your wicked harlotry. Therefore the showers were withheld, the spring rain failed. But because you have a harlot's brow, you refused to blush. Even now do you not call me, "My father, you who are the bridegroom of my youth"? "Will he keep his wrath forever, will he hold his grudge to the end?" This is what you say; yet you do all the evil you can. [JER 3:1-5]
The people of Judah have done what is evil in my eyes, says the LORD. They have defiled the house which bears my name by setting up in it their abominable idols. [JER 7:30]
Thus I will do to this place and to its inhabitants, says the LORD; I will make this city like Topheth. And the houses of Jerusalem and the palaces of the kings of Judah shall be defiled like the place of Topheth, all the houses upon whose roofs they burnt incense to the whole host of heaven and poured out libations to strange gods. [Taken from JER 19:12-13]
The Israelites and the Judeans from their youth have done only what is evil in my eyes; the Israelites did nothing but provoke me with the works of their hands, says the LORD. From the day it was built to this day, this city has excited my anger and wrath, so that I must put it out of my sight for all the wickedness the Israelites and Judeans, with their kings and their princes, their priests and their prophets, the men of Judah and the citizens of Jerusalem, have done to provoke me. They turned their backs to me, not their faces; though I kept teaching them, they would not listen to my correction. They defiled the house named after me by the horrid idols they set up in it. [Taken from JER 32:20-34]
Through the sin of which she is guilty, Jerusalem is defiled; All who esteemed her think her vile now that they see her nakedness; She herself groans and turns away. [LAM 1:8]
Hear, O Israel, the commandments of life: listen, and know prudence! How is it, Israel, that you are in the land of your foes, grown old in a foreign land, defiled with the dead, accounted with those destined for the nether world? You have forsaken the fountain of wisdom! Had you walked in the way of God, you would have dwelt in enduring peace. Learn where prudence is, where strength, where understanding; That you may know also where are length of days, and life, where light of the eyes, and peace. [BARUCH 3:9-14]
Therefore, as I live, says the Lord GOD, because you have defiled my sanctuary with all your detestable abominations, I swear to cut you down. I will not look upon you with pity nor have mercy. [EZEK 5:11]
They shall put on sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; shame shall be on all their faces and baldness on all their heads. They shall fling their silver into the streets, and their gold shall be considered refuse. Their silver and gold cannot save them on the day of the LORD'S wrath. They shall not be allowed to satisfy their craving or fill their bellies, for this has been the occasion of their sin. In the beauty of their ornaments they put their pride: they made of them their abominable images (their idols). For this reason I make them refuse. I will hand them over as booty to foreigners, to be spoiled and defiled by the wicked of the earth. I will turn away my face from them, and my treasure shall be profaned: robbers shall enter and profane it. They shall wreak slaughter, for the land is filled with bloodshed and the city full of violence. I will bring in the worst of the nations, who shall take possession of their houses. I will put an end to their proud strength, and their sanctuaries shall be profaned. When anguish comes they shall seek peace, but there will be none. There shall be disaster after disaster, rumor after rumor. Prophetic vision shall fade; instruction shall be lacking to the priest, and counsel to the elders, while the prince shall be enveloped in terror, and the hands of the common people shall tremble. I will deal with them according to their conduct, and according to their judgments I will judge them; thus they shall know that I am the LORD. [EZEK 7:18-27]
Then he cried loud for me to hear: Come, you scourges of the city! With that I saw six men coming from the direction of the upper gate which faces the north, each with a destroying weapon in his hand. In their midst was a man dressed in linen, with a writer's case at his waist. They entered and stood beside the bronze altar. Then he called to the man dressed in linen with the writer's case at his waist, saying to him: Pass through the city (through Jerusalem) and mark an X on the foreheads of those who moan and groan over all the abominations that are practiced within it. To the others I heard him say: Pass through the city after him and strike! Do not look on them with pity nor show any mercy! Old men, youths and maidens, women and children - wipe them out! But do not touch any marked with the X; begin at my sanctuary. So they began with the men (the elders) who were in front of the temple. Defile the temple, he said to them, and fill the courts with the slain; then go out and strike in the city. As they began to strike, I was left alone. I fell prone, crying out, Alas, Lord GOD! Will you destroy all that is left of Israel when you pour out your fury on Jerusalem?" He answered me: The sins of the house of Israel are great beyond measure; the land is filled with bloodshed, the city with lawlessness. They think that the LORD has forsaken the land, that he does not see them. I, however, will not look upon them with pity, nor show any mercy. I will bring down their conduct upon their heads. Then I saw the man dressed in linen with the writing case at his waist make his report: "I have done as you ordered." [EZEK 9:1-11]
Each shall receive punishment for his sin, the inquirer and the prophet shall be punished alike, so that the house of Israel may no longer stray from me and may no longer be defiled by all their sins. Thus they shall be my people, and I will be their God, says the Lord GOD. [EZEK 14:10-11]
That day I swore to bring them out of the land of Egypt to the land I had scouted for them, a land flowing with milk and honey, a jewel among all lands. Then I said to them: Throw away, each of you, the detestable things that have held your eyes; do not defile yourselves with the idols of Egypt: I am the LORD, your God. But they rebelled against me and refused to listen to me; none of them threw away the detestable things that had held their eyes, they did not abandon the idols of Egypt. Then I thought of pouring out my fury on them and spending my anger on them there in the land of Egypt; but I acted for my name's sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations among whom they were, in whose presence I had made myself known to them, revealing that I would bring them out of the land of Egypt. Therefore I led them out of the land of Egypt and brought them into the desert. [Taken from EZEK 20:6-10]
Then I said to their children in the desert: Do not observe the statutes of your parents or keep their ordinances; do not defile yourselves with their idols. I am the LORD, your God: observe my statutes and be careful to keep my ordinances; keep holy my sabbaths, as a sign between me and you to show that I am the LORD, your God. But their children rebelled against me: they did not observe my statutes or keep my ordinances that bring life to those who observe them, and my sabbaths they desecrated. Then I thought of pouring out my fury on them, of spending my anger on them in the desert; but I stayed my hand, acting for my name's sake, lest it be profaned in the sight of the nations in whose presence I brought them out. Nevertheless I swore to them in the desert that I would disperse them among the nations and scatter them over foreign lands; for they did not keep my ordinances, but despised my statutes and desecrated my sabbaths, with eyes only for the idols of their fathers. Therefore I gave them statutes that were not good, and ordinances through which they could not live. I let them become defiled by their gifts, by their immolation of every first-born, so as to make them an object of horror. [EZEK 20:18-26]
Therefore say to the house of Israel: Thus says the Lord GOD: Will you defile yourselves like your fathers? Will you lust after their detestable idols? By offering your gifts, by making your children pass through the fire, you defile yourselves with all your idols even to this day. Shall I let myself be consulted by you, house of Israel? As I live! says the Lord GOD: I swear I will not let myself be consulted by you. What you are thinking of shall never happen: "We shall be like the nations, like the peoples of foreign lands, serving wood and stone." As I live, says the Lord GOD, with a mighty hand and outstretched arm, with poured-out wrath, I swear I will be king over you! [EZEK 20:30-33]
Thus you shall know that I am the LORD, when I bring you back to the land of Israel, the land which I swore to give to your fathers. There you shall recall your conduct and all the deeds by which you defiled yourselves; and you shall loathe yourselves because of all the evil things you did. And you shall know that I am the LORD when I deal with you thus, for my name's sake, and not according to your evil conduct and corrupt actions, O house of Israel, says the Lord GOD. [EZEK 20:42-44]
Thus the word of the LORD came to me: You, son of man, would you judge, would you judge the bloody city? Then make known all her abominations, and say: Thus says the Lord GOD: Woe to the city which sheds blood within herself so that her time has come, and which has made idols for her own defilement. By the blood which you shed you have been made guilty, and with the idols you made you have become defiled; you have brought on your day, so that the end of your years has come. Therefore I make you an object of scorn to the nations and a laughingstock to all foreign lands. Those near you and those far off shall deride you because of your foul reputation and your great perversity. [EZEK 22:1-5]
Oholah became a harlot faithless to me; she lusted after her lovers, the Assyrians, warriors dressed in purple, governors and officers, all of them attractive young men, knights mounted on horses. Thus she gave herself as a harlot to them, to all the elite of the Assyrians, and she defiled herself with all those for whom she lusted (with all their idols). [EZEK 23:5-7]
Though her sister Oholibah saw all this, her lust was more depraved than her sister's, and she outdid her in harlotry. She too lusted after the Assyrians, governors and officers, warriors impeccably clothed, knights mounted on horses, all of them attractive young men. I saw that she had defiled herself. Both had gone down the same path, yet she went further in her harlotry. When she saw men drawn on the wall, the images of Chaldeans drawn with vermilion, with sashes girded about their waists, flowing turbans on their heads, all looking like chariot warriors, the portraits of Babylonians, natives of Chaldea, she lusted for them; no sooner had she set eyes on them than she sent messengers to them in Chaldea. Then the Babylonians came to her, to the love couch, and defiled her with their intercourse. As soon as she was defiled by them, she became disgusted with them. [Taken from EZEK 23:11-17]
For thus says the Lord GOD: I am now handing you over to those whom you hate, to those who fill you with disgust. They shall deal with you in hatred, seizing all that you have worked for and leaving you stark naked, so that your indecent nakedness is exposed. Your lewdness and harlotry have brought these things upon you, because you played the harlot with the nations by defiling yourself with their idols. Because you followed in the path of your sister, I will hand you her cup. Thus says the Lord GOD: The cup of your sister you shall drink, so wide and deep, which holds so much, filled with destruction and grief, a cup of dismay, the cup of your sister. [EZEK 23:28-33]
This, too, they did to me: they defiled my sanctuary and desecrated my sabbaths. On the very day they slew their children for their idols, they entered my sanctuary to desecrate it. Thus they acted within my house. [Taken from EZEK 23:38-39]
Thus the word of the LORD came to me: Son of man, they who live in the ruins on the land of Israel reason thus: "Abraham, though but a single individual, received possession of the land; we, therefore, being many, have as permanent possession the land that has been given to us." Give them this answer: Thus says the Lord GOD: You eat on the mountains, you raise your eyes to your idols, you shed blood - yet you would keep possession of the land? You rely on your sword, you do abominable things, each one of you defiles his neighbor's wife - yet you would keep possession of the land? Tell them this: Thus says the Lord GOD: As I live, those who are in the ruins I swear shall fall by the sword; those who are in the open field I have given to the wild beasts for food; and those who are in fastnesses and in caves shall die by the plague. I will make the land a desolate waste, so that its proud strength will come to an end, and the mountains of Israel shall be so desolate that no one will cross them. Thus they shall know that I am the LORD, when I make the land a desolate waste because of all the abominable things they have done. [EZEK 33:23-29]
Tell them: Thus speaks the Lord GOD: I will take the Israelites from among the nations to which they have come, and gather them from all sides to bring them back to their land. I will make them one nation upon the land, in the mountains of Israel, and there shall be one prince for them all. Never again shall they be two nations, and never again shall they be divided into two kingdoms. No longer shall they defile themselves with their idols, their abominations, and all their transgressions. I will deliver them from all their sins of apostasy, and cleanse them so that they may be my people and I may be their God. My servant David shall be prince over them, and there shall be one shepherd for them all; they shall live by my statutes and carefully observe my decrees. They shall live on the land which I gave to my servant Jacob, the land where their fathers lived; they shall live on it forever, they, and their children, and their children's children, with my servant David their prince forever. I will make with them a covenant of peace; it shall be an everlasting covenant with them, and I will multiply them, and put my sanctuary among them forever. My dwelling shall be with them; I will be their God, and they shall be my people. Thus the nations shall know that it is I, the LORD, who make Israel holy, when my sanctuary shall be set up among them forever. [EZEK 37:21-28]
But Daniel was resolved not to defile himself with the king's food or wine; so he begged the chief chamberlain to spare him this defilement. [Taken from DAN 1:8]
At the time appointed he shall come again to the south, but this time it shall not be as before. When ships of the Kittim confront him, he shall lose heart and retreat. Then he shall direct his rage and energy against the holy covenant; those who forsake it he shall once more single out. Armed forces shall move at his command and defile the sanctuary stronghold [Taken from DAN 11:29-31]
In their perversity they have sunk into wickedness, and I am rejected by them all. I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hidden from me; Now Ephraim has played the harlot, Israel is defiled. Their deeds do not allow them to return to their God; For the spirit of harlotry is in them, and they do not recognize the LORD. The arrogance of Israel bears witness against him; Ephraim stumbles in his guilt, and Judah stumbles with them. [HOSEA 5:2-5]
In the house of Israel I have seen a horrible thing: there harlotry is found in Ephraim, Israel is defiled. [HOSEA 6:10]
Then Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem and said, "Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They do not wash (their) hands when they eat a meal." He said to them in reply, "And why do you break the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition? For God said, 'Honor your father and your mother,' and 'Whoever curses father or mother shall die.' But you say, 'Whoever says to father or mother, "Any support you might have had from me is dedicated to God," need not honor his father.' You have nullified the word of God for the sake of your tradition. Hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy about you when he said: 'This people honors me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me; in vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrines human precepts.'" He summoned the crowd and said to them, "Hear and understand. It is not what enters one's mouth that defiles that person; but what comes out of the mouth is what defiles one." Then his disciples approached and said to him, "Do you know that the Pharisees took offense when they heard what you said?" He said in reply, "Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted. Let them alone; they are blind guides (of the blind). If a blind person leads a blind person, both will fall into a pit." Then Peter said to him in reply, "Explain (this) parable to us." He said to them, "Are even you still without understanding? Do you not realize that everything that enters the mouth passes into the stomach and is expelled into the latrine? But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and they defile. For from the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, unchastity, theft, false witness, blasphemy. These are what defile a person, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile." [MT 15:1-20]
Now when the Pharisees with some scribes who had come from Jerusalem gathered around him, they observed that some of his disciples ate their meals with unclean, that is, unwashed, hands. (For the Pharisees and, in fact, all Jews, do not eat without carefully washing their hands, keeping the tradition of the elders. And on coming from the marketplace they do not eat without purifying themselves. And there are many other things that they have traditionally observed, the purification of cups and jugs and kettles (and beds).) So the Pharisees and scribes questioned him, "Why do your disciples not follow the tradition of the elders but instead eat a meal with unclean hands?" He responded, "Well did Isaiah prophesy about you hypocrites, as it is written: 'This people honors me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me; In vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrines human precepts.' You disregard God's commandment but cling to human tradition." He went on to say, "How well you have set aside the commandment of God in order to uphold your tradition! For Moses said, 'Honor your father and your mother,' and 'Whoever curses father or mother shall die.' Yet you say, 'If a person says to father or mother, "Any support you might have had from me is qorban"' (meaning, dedicated to God), you allow him to do nothing more for his father or mother. You nullify the word of God in favor of your tradition that you have handed on. And you do many such things." He summoned the crowd again and said to them, "Hear me, all of you, and understand. Nothing that enters one from outside can defile that person; but the things that come out from within are what defile." When he got home away from the crowd his disciples questioned him about the parable. He said to them, "Are even you likewise without understanding? Do you not realize that everything that goes into a person from outside cannot defile, since it enters not the heart but the stomach and passes out into the latrine?" (Thus he declared all foods clean.) "But what comes out of a person, that is what defiles. From within people, from their hearts, come evil thoughts, unchastity, theft, murder, adultery, greed, malice, deceit, licentiousness, envy, blasphemy, arrogance, folly. All these evils come from within and they defile." [MK 7:1-23]
Then they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the praetorium. It was morning. And they themselves did not enter the praetorium, in order not to be defiled so that they could eat the Passover. So Pilate came out to them and said, "What charge do you bring (against) this man?" They answered and said to him, "If he were not a criminal, we would not have handed him over to you." At this, Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law." The Jews answered him, "We do not have the right to execute anyone," in order that the word of Jesus might be fulfilled that he said indicating the kind of death he would die. [JN 18:28-32]
When the seven days were nearly completed, the Jews from the province of Asia noticed him in the temple, stirred up the whole crowd, and laid hands on him, shouting, "Fellow Israelites, help us. This is the man who is teaching everyone everywhere against the people and the law and this place, and what is more, he has even brought Greeks into the temple and defiled this sacred place." For they had previously seen Trophimus the Ephesian in the city with him and supposed that Paul had brought him into the temple. The whole city was in turmoil with people rushing together. They seized Paul and dragged him out of the temple, and immediately the gates were closed. While they were trying to kill him, a report reached the cohort commander that all Jerusalem was rioting. [Taken from ACTS 21:27-31]
Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of flesh and spirit, making holiness perfect in the fear of God. [2COR 7:1]
To the clean all things are clean, but to those who are defiled and unbelieving nothing is clean; in fact, both their minds and their consciences are tainted. They claim to know God, but by their deeds they deny him. They are vile and disobedient and unqualified for any good deed. [TI 1:15-16]
See to it that no one be deprived of the grace of God, that no bitter root spring up and cause trouble, through which many may become defiled, that no one be an immoral or profane person like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. For you know that later, when he wanted to inherit his father's blessing, he was rejected because he found no opportunity to change his mind, even though he sought the blessing with tears. [HEB 12:15-17]
In the same way the tongue is a small member and yet has great pretensions. Consider how small a fire can set a huge forest ablaze. The tongue is also a fire. It exists among our members as a world of malice, defiling the whole body and setting the entire course of our lives on fire, itself set on fire by Gehenna. For every kind of beast and bird, of reptile and sea creature, can be tamed and has been tamed by the human species, but no human being can tame the tongue. It is a restless evil, full of deadly poison. With it we bless the Lord and Father, and with it we curse human beings who are made in the likeness of God. From the same mouth come blessing and cursing. This need not be so, my brothers. Does a spring gush forth from the same opening both pure and brackish water? Can a fig tree, my brothers, produce olives, or a grapevine figs? Neither can salt water yield fresh. [JMS 3:5-12]
Thinking daytime revelry a delight, they are stains and defilements as they revel in their deceits while carousing with you. Their eyes are full of adultery and insatiable for sin. They seduce unstable people, and their hearts are trained in greed. Accursed children! Abandoning the straight road, they have gone astray, following the road of Balaam, the son of Bosor, who loved payment for wrongdoing, but he received a rebuke for his own crime: a mute beast spoke with a human voice and restrained the prophet's madness. These people are waterless springs and mists driven by a gale; for them the gloom of darkness has been reserved. For, talking empty bombast, they seduce with licentious desires of the flesh those who have barely escaped from people who live in error. They promise them freedom, though they themselves are slaves of corruption, for a person is a slave of whatever overcomes him. For if they, having escaped the defilements of the world through the knowledge of (our) Lord and savior Jesus Christ, again become entangled and overcome by them, their last condition is worse than their first. For it would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness than after knowing it to turn back from the holy commandment handed down to them. What is expressed in the true proverb has happened to them, "The dog returns to its own vomit," and "A bathed sow returns to wallowing in the mire." [Taken from 2PT 2:13-22]
Beloved, although I was making every effort to write to you about our common salvation, I now feel a need to write to encourage you to contend for the faith that was once for all handed down to the holy ones. For there have been some intruders, who long ago were designated for this condemnation, godless persons, who pervert the grace of our God into licentiousness and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ. I wish to remind you, although you know all things, that (the) Lord who once saved a people from the land of Egypt later destroyed those who did not believe. The angels too, who did not keep to their own domain but deserted their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains, in gloom, for the judgment of the great day. Likewise, Sodom, Gomorrah, and the surrounding towns, which, in the same manner as they, indulged in sexual promiscuity and practiced unnatural vice, serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire. Similarly, these dreamers nevertheless also defile the flesh, scorn lordship, and revile glorious beings. [Taken from JUDE 1:3-8]
Then I looked and there was the Lamb standing on Mount Zion, and with him a hundred and forty-four thousand who had his name and his Father's name written on their foreheads. I heard a sound from heaven like the sound of rushing water or a loud peal of thunder. The sound I heard was like that of harpists playing their harps. They were singing (what seemed to be) a new hymn before the throne, before the four living creatures and the elders. No one could learn this hymn except the hundred and forty-four thousand who had been ransomed from the earth. These are they who were not defiled with women; they are virgins and these are the ones who follow the Lamb wherever he goes. They have been ransomed as the firstfruits of the human race for God and the Lamb. On their lips no deceit has been found; they are unblemished. [RV 14:1-5]
profane [P16]
sin / sins / sinned / sinful / sinner [S18a]
pure / purify / purity [P23]
celibacy / chastity / chaste / virgin [C1]
heresy / apostasy [H12a]
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Sen. Edward Kennedy Funeral Arrangements and Burial at Arlington National Cemetery: Schedule of Events
Tune in to ABC News and ABCNews.com for complete coverage.
Aug. 29, 2009 -- Sen. Edward M. Kennedy fought a more than year-long battle with brain cancer and, according to his son, lived longer with the disease than his doctors expected. After his death Tuesday at age 77 in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, two days of laying in repose at the Kennedy Library in Boston and a memorial service there Friday evening, he will have a funeral mass in Boston Saturday morning.
Kennedy will be buried at Arlington National Cemetery, close to his older brothers President John F. Kennedy and Sen. Robert F. Kennedy, who are also buried there.
To stay up to date on coverage of Kennedy's funeral with the latest stories, slideshows, video, interactives and more from ABCNews.com, click and visit our special section "Remembering Ted Kennedy."
Below is a schedule of official events and information surrounding the funeral of Sen. Edward M. Kennedy. Tune in for coverage on ABC News and ABCNews.com.
Read the funeral program, or watch the moments from the memorial here:
Processional Hymn
Opening Prayer by G. Curran Raclin, Jr.
Responsorial Psalm by Kara Kennedy
Second Reading by Caroline R. Raclin
Homily by Reverend Mark R. Hession: Part 1 and Part 2
The Prayers of the Faithful by the Kennedy grandchildren
Ted Kennedy, Jr. Remembers His Father
Patrick Kennedy Remembers His Father
Eulogy by President Barack Obama: Part 1 and Part 2
Final Commendation
5:30 p.m. ET: Service for Kennedy at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va. Event closed to the public.


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Home > People > Marcela Echeverri
Marcela Echeverri
marcela.echeverri@yale.edu
History of social sciences, gender and nationalism; political theory and state formation; Spanish empire and Atlantic world; Revolutionary Age, race and ethnicity; slavery and abolition; twentieth-century Latin American social thought
Marcela Echeverri is an interdisciplinary scholar with a background in Anthropology and Political Theory. She received her PhD in Latin American and Caribbean History from New York University (NYU) in 2008, and taught at the City University of New York (CUNY) before joining Yale in 2013. She has written about Anthropology, gender, and nationalism in mid-twentieth century Colombia; slavery and the law in the Spanish empire; and the history of Indian and black royalists in Latin America's independence wars. Her research and teaching interests focus on the relationship between political subjectivities and social transformation in Latin America from colonial times to the present.
A MacMillan Research Fellow at Yale, Echeverri was part of the 2015-2018 Leverhulme Network "War and Nation in South America." She has won fellowships from the Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia (Bogotá, Colombia); the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Fundación Mapfre (Madrid, Spain); the John Carter Brown Library; and NYU's Humanities Initiative. She also received research grants from Harvard's Atlantic History Seminar, CUNY's Research Foundation, and the Dean of Humanities at the College of Staten Island/CUNY. She was an associate fellow in fall 2008 at Rutger's Center for Historical Analysis; a participant in Johns Hopkins University's Center for Africana Studies 2009 National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Institute; a postdoctoral fellow at University of Maryland's Latin American Studies Center in fall 2009; and a Mellon Residential fellow at the Center for the Humanities in CUNY's Graduate Center during 2011-2012.
Echeverri is at work on a book-length research project that seeks to recast Gran Colombian slavery and anti-slavery between 1820 and 1860 in the hemispheric dimensions of its time. This study will show that, rather than seeing mainland Spanish America as peripheral to the history of Atlantic slavery and anti-slavery, historians should consider the region as the epicenter of larger historical dynamics that shaped the meaning of freedom in the American continent.
She has co-edited two journal special issues that grow out of this current project, starting a debate about new interpretations on Gran Colombian history and in the field of Spanish American abolition. The first is "La invención de la república: la Gran Colombia," with Francisco Ortega (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá) and Tomás Straka (Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, Caracas, Venezuela) in Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura (Journal of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá) 45, no. 2 (2018). The second, "Los ecos atlánticos de las aboliciones hispanoamericanas," with Celso Castilho (Vanderbilt University), will appear in Historia Mexicana (2019), published out of El Colegio de México.
At Yale, Professor Echeverri is the co-coordinator of the Race and Slavery in the Atlantic World Working Group and the Early Modern Empires Workshop.
"Monarchy, Empire, and Popular Politics in the Atlantic Age of Revolutions." Presentation to the "Popular Royalism" dossier edited by Hendrik Kraay in Varia Historia 35, no. 67 (2019), pp. 15-35.
Esclavos e indígenas realistas en la era de la revolución. Reforma, revolución y realismo en los Andes del norte, 1780–1825. Translation by Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui. Bogotá: Universidad de los Andes / Banco de la República de Colombia, 2018.
Indian and Slave Royalists in the Age of Revolution: Reform, Revolution, and Royalism in the Northern Andes, 1780–1825. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
Winner of the Michael Jiménez Prize
Bolton-Johnson Prize Honorable Mention
"'Sovereignty has Lost its Rights': Liberal Experiments and Indigenous Citizenship in New Granada, 1810–1819." In Justice in a New World: Negotiating Legal Intelligibility in British, Iberian, and Indigenous America. Edited by Brian Owensby and Richard Ross. New York: New York University Press, 2018, pp. 238-69.
"Debate: La crisis imperial como una experiencia compleja, 1808–1825." Marcela Echeverri, Marta Lorente, Rodrigo Moreno, and Clément Thibaud. Ayer 108, no. 4 (2017), pp. 307-337.
"Independence and Revolution in Latin America." In Understanding & Teaching the Age of Revolutions. Edited by Ben Marsh and Michael Rapport. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2017, pp. 262-279.
"Race, Citizenship, and the Cádiz Constitution in Popayán (New Granada)." In The Rise of Constitutional Government in the Iberian Atlantic World: The Impact of the Cádiz Constitution of 1812. Edited by Scott Eastman and Natalia Sobrevilla Perea. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2015, pp. 91-110.
"Abascal, Cádiz y el realismo popular en Popayán." In Abascal y la contra -independencia de América del Sur. Edited by Georges Lomné and Scarlett O'Phelan. Lima: Institut Français d'Études Andines (IFEA) and Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013, pp. 449-467.
"Agustín Agualongo and the Royalist Cause in the Wars of Independence." In The Human Tradition in Colonial Latin America, Second Edition. Edited by Kenneth J. Andrien. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Inc., 2013, pp. 289-304.
"Popular Royalists, Empire, and Politics in Southwestern New Granada, 1809-1819." Hispanic American Historical Review 91, no. 2 (2011), pp. 237-269.
Winner of the James Alexander Robertson Prize
"'Enraged to the Limit of Despair': Infanticide and Slave Judicial Strategies in Barbacoas, 1789-1798." Slavery & Abolition 30, no. 3 (2009), pp. 403-426.
"Los derechos de indios y esclavos realistas y la transformación política en Popayán, Nueva Granada (1808-1820)." Revista de Indias Vol. LXIX, No. 246 (2009), pp. 45-72.
"Antropólogas pioneras y nacionalismo liberal en Colombia, 1941-1949." Revista Colombiana de Antropología 43 (2007), pp. 61-90.
"Conflicto y hegemonía en el suroccidente de la Nueva Granada, 1780-1800." Fronteras de la Historia 11 (2006), pp. 343-76.
"Nacionalismo y arqueología: la construcción del pasado indígena en Colombia (1939-1948)." In Arqueología al Desnudo. Reflexiones sobre la práctica disciplinaria, pp. 133-52. Edited by Cristóbal Gnecco and Emilio Piazzini. Popayán: Editorial Universidad del Cauca, 2003.
"Ciencia política, teoría política y la construcción de la idea de Democracia en Colombia, 1989-2001." Colombia, Ciencia y Tecnología 19, no. 4 (2001), pp. 9-23.
"El Museo Arqueológico y Etnográfico de Colombia (1939-1948): Representando la nacionalidad a través de la construcción del pasado indígena." Revista de Estudios Sociales 3 (1999), pp. 103-109.
"La fundación del Instituto Etnológico Nacional y la construcción genérica del rol de antropólogo." Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura 25 (1998), pp. 216-47.
"El proceso de profesionalización de la Antropología en Colombia. Un estudio de caso en torno a la difusión de las ciencias y su institucionalización." Historia Crítica 15 (1997), pp. 67-79.
Degrees Received
Ph.D. Latin American and Caribbean History, New York University, 2008.
Master's degree in the History of the Hispanic World, Fundación MAPFRE-Tavera and
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain, 2006.
Master's degree in Social and Political Theory, The Graduate Faculty, The New School
for Social Research, 2001.
Bachelor's of Arts Degree in Anthropology, Los Andes University, Bogotá, Colombia, 1997.
Thematic:
Empires & Colonialism
War & Society