text:
Garry Kasparov Miscellanea
As reported in C.N. 3002, on 11 April 1988 Olga Capablanca sent us this photograph of her with Kasparov which had been taken in New York earlier that year 'at the small reception I gave in my apartment':
The present general article on Garry Kasparov complements the following more specific feature articles:
Kasparov, Karpov and the Scotch
Kasparov's Child of Change
The Termination
Kasparov v Miles, Basle, 1986
The 1986 FIDE Presidential Election
Garry Kasparov and New Chronology
Kasparov and his Predecessors
Kasparov Interviews
Reflections on Garry Kasparov
The 'Garry Kaspartov' Scam
Kasparov's How Life Imitates Chess
Books about Fischer and Kasparov
Three photographs from our archives (presented in C.N.s 9325, 9787 and 9823 respectively):
Boris Spassky, Garry Kasparov, Páll Magnússon, Victor Korchnoi (Reykjavik, 1988).
C.N. 1231 commented briefly on New World Chess Champion by Garry Kasparov (Oxford, 1986). As reported in C.N. 1342, A.J. Gillam (Nottingham, England) wrote to us as follows on 13 January 1987:
C.N. 10433 (see below) quoted from page 269 of Deep Thinking by Garry Kasparov with Mig Greengard (New York, 2017):
'Publications deciding on the English spelling of my first name used to fluctuate between Gary, Garry and even Garri, but I prefer Garry.'
The 3/1987 issue of New in Chess (pages 5-6) published an exchange of correspondence between Kasparov and Karpov. A general argument expressed by the former deserves unreserved support:
'I also think that it is a chessplayer's duty to update his older analyses and notes from time to time. This is necessary as it should not be permitted in any manner that the text or analyses contain obvious technical anachronisms or mistakes, as a consequence of the rapid development of theory and practice. Moreover, a reprint or a revised edition of a book can and should reflect the changes in the author's chess ideology caused by his experience over the years. Neglecting these factors in my view reduces the significance of such books and curbs the development of chess.'
Tim Krabbé (Amsterdam) sends us the following game from a simultaneous exhibition (+29 –0 =1):
Garry Kasparov – Tim Krabbé
Amsterdam, 28 April 1987
Queen's Gambit Declined
1 d4 d5 2 c4 c6 3 Nf3 Nf6 4 Nc3 e6 5 Qb3 Nbd7 6 Bg5 Be7 7 e3 O-O 8 Bd3 dxc4 9 Bxc4 b5 10 Be2 a6 11 O-O c5 12 Rfd1 Qc7 13 Bf4 Qb6 14 a4 b4 15 a5 Qa7 16 Na4 Nd5 17 Bg3 cxd4 18 Nxd4 Nc5 19 Nxc5 Bxc5 20 Nc6 Qb7 21 Ne5 Qe7 22 Nd3 f5 23 Nxc5 Qxc5 24 Rac1 Qxa5 25 Rc6 Re8 26 Bh5 g6 27 Bf3 Qb5 28 Rxd5 exd5 29 Bxd5+ Kh8 30 Rc7 Qe2 31 h3 Rb8 32 Bc4 Qe1+ 33 Kh2 f4 34 Bxf4 Qxf2
35 Qd3 Qxb2 36 Qd5 Qf6 37 Bg5 Qb2 38 Rxh7+ Resigns.
Our correspondent comments:
'He absolutely thrashed me, and I'm rated at 2300!'
The item was picked up by the 2/1988 New in Chess (page 5).
In December 1997 Michael Lorenz contributed an item to the Chess Café which stated that 35 Bg8 would have won outright and that, rather than 38 Rxh7+, 38 Qf7 would have mated in five. The Chess Café also gave Tim Krabbé's confirmatory response:
'In fact, both sacrifice and resignation are nonsense. After 38…Kxh7 39 Qf7+ Qg7 40 Qxe8 Qc7+ (40…b3 or a5 41 Qe4) 41 Bf4 Qxc4 42 Be5 Be6 43 Qxb8 Qc8 44 Qxb4 White will have to work to win, if there is a win at all.'
An addition on page 289 of Kings, Commoners and Knaves from Douglas Bryson was that the Fritz computer program pointed out that 34 Bh4 mates in six moves.
In 1989 Garry Kasparov offered some comments on chess computers in an interview with Thierry Paunin on pages 4-5 of issue 55 of Jeux & Stratégie (our translation from the French):
'Question: ... Two top grandmasters have gone down to chess computers: Portisch against "Leonardo" and Larsen against "Deep Thought". It is well known that you have strong views on this subject. Will a computer be world champion, one day ...?
Kasparov: Ridiculous! A machine will always remain a machine, that is to say a tool to help the player work and prepare. Never shall I be beaten by a machine! Never will a program be invented which surpasses human intelligence. And when I say intelligence, I also mean intuition and imagination. Can you see a machine writing a novel or poetry? Better still, can you imagine a machine conducting this interview instead of you? With me replying to its questions?'
See Chess and Computers.
The loser of the following game has submitted the score to us:
Garry Kasparov (simultaneous) – Harald E. Balló
Cologne, 29 October 1988
Queen's Indian Defence
1 d4 Nf6 2 c4 e6 3 g3 c5 4 Nf3 b6 5 Bg2 Bb7 6 d5 exd5 7 Nh4 g6 8 Nc3 Bg7 9 O-O O-O 10 Bg5 h6
11 Bxf6 Bxf6 12 Nxg6 Bxc3 13 bxc3 Re8 14 Nf4 Nc6 15 Bxd5 Qg5 16 e4 Rad8 17 Nd3 Na5 18 f4 Qg7 19 e5 Ba6 20 Qa4 d6 21 Rae1 dxe5 22 Nxe5 Re7 23 Nxf7 Rxf7 24 Re8+ Rxe8 25 Qxe8+ Qf8 26 Bxf7+ Kg7 27 Qxf8+ Kxf8 28 Bd5 Nxc4 29 Re1 Na3 30 Re6 Bd3 31 Rxh6 Nb5 32 c4 Nc3 33 Kf2 Kg7 34 Rc6 Nxa2 35 Rc7+ Kf6 36 g4 Kg6 37 h4 Nb4 38 h5+ Kh6 39 Kg3 Nxd5 40 cxd5 Resigns.
The position in the diagram arose in Capablanca v Marshall, Carlsbad, 1929, which continued 11 Nxd5. The tournament book points out that List-Sämisch, Berlin, 1927, had proceeded 11 Bxf6 Bxf6 12 Nxg6. Analysis of this line also appeared on pages 40-45 of Tartakower's Das neuromantische Schach as well as on page 54 of Alekhine's book on the 1927 New York tournament. It would be interesting to learn how much of all this was known to Kasparov when he played 12 Nxg6.
Concerning the question of how many moves ahead a master may be able to see, on page 64 of the November 1989 Playboy, Kasparov stated:
'It depends on the nature of the position. Chess is a complicated game. But in positions where everything is forced - one move, one answer - I can calculate something between ten and fifteen moves ahead. But that happens very rarely. Usually, the positions are more complicated than that - one move, then five answers, each of them having five answers. You have to use your intuition in cases like that, your positional understanding. It's very good if you can calculate five, six, maybe seven moves ahead.'
Kasparov's views on masters of the past are given on page 275 of Mortal Games by Fred Waitzkin (New York, 1993). A suggestion by Fischer that Capablanca was one of the best of all time is described as 'nonsense' by Kasparov, who adds:
'Bobby says that he is not sure he could have beaten Capablanca. Ridiculous. He would have won easily. To compare players from different eras makes no sense. My games against Karpov would not be understood by the great players of the nineteenth century. If you took someone like Ljubojević, who will finish near the bottom in Linares, and put him back into the twenties, Capablanca's time, he would have been world champion without a question. The only way to judge the old players is relative to the other players of their period. Fischer was far ahead of the other players of his day. By this measure, I consider him the greatest world champion.'
In The Times of 5 October 1993 (page 11) Kasparov said, 'If you compare our games [in the Kasparov v Short match] with previous title matches, you will find mistakes in all of them'. This prompts us to suggest one method of comparing players of different eras: their frequency of error in top-level matches. After Capablanca took the world title from Lasker in Havana in 1921 without losing a game, he asserted (BCM, October 1922, page 376): 'The one outstanding feature of the match and the one that most critics overlook is that not once did he [Lasker] have a won game.' Even today annotators accept that the Cuban's play in that match was virtually faultless, so why would Ljubojević, or even Kasparov, have been assured of success in the 1920s? Readers' views are welcomed.
See Chess: The Greatest.
Claus van de Vlierd (Oldenburg, Germany) sends the following game, which, he tells us, has not been published before:
Garry Kasparov – Claus van de Vlierd
Simultaneous exhibition, Cologne, 29 October 1988
Caro-Kann Defence
1 e4 c6 2 d4 d5 3 Nd2 dxe4 4 Nxe4 Bf5 5 Ng3 Bg6 6 Bc4 e6 7 N1e2 Nf6 8 O-O Bd6 9 f4 O-O 10 f5 exf5 11 Nxf5 Bxf5 12 Rxf5 Nbd7 13 Qd3 Qc7 14 Ng3 Bxg3 15 hxg3 Nb6 16 Bb3 Nbd5 17 Bg5 Rae8 18 c4 Ne7 19 Rf3 Ng4 20 Raf1 Qd7 21 Bd2 Rd8 22 Bb4 Nf6 23 d5 cxd5 24 cxd5 Rfe8 25 Rxf6 gxf6 26 Rxf6 Nxd5 27 Rh6 Nf6
28 Rg6+ Kh8 29 Bc3 hxg6 30 Bxf6+ Kh7 31 Qc4 Qf5 32 Bxd8 (There was a mate in four with 32 Qxf7+.) 32…Re1+ 33 Kh2 Qh5+ 34 Qh4 Resigns.
Which was the first monograph on Kasparov? Our chronological list in C.N. 2751 began with Garri Kasparov – the Chess Prodigy from Baku by E. Brondum (Copenhagen, 1980), but Calle Erlandsson (Lund, Sweden) now informs us that when he had the opportunity, during Kasparov's visit to Lund on 13 December 2003, to have some items signed by the master one of them was 60 partier 1978-80, a duplicated 42-page Swedish booklet (A4 size) issued by the Strömstad Chess Club. Since that booklet's Foreword was dated 'November 1980', it may well be that Brondum's work had indeed come first, but can anyone put the matter beyond doubt?
C.N. 3128 referred to a scarce monograph, published in Sweden in 1980, on Kasparov's games, and we can think of only one volume of text by Kasparov himself which is difficult to obtain: Politik, Schach und die Grenzen menschlicher Leistungsfähigkeit (Zurich, undated). Fifty pages long, it was published by Bank Hofmann and comprises, in German translation, abridgments of three lectures given by Kasparov in 1999. They were entitled 'Russia – Stuck with its Past', 'Chess, Politics & Computers' and 'Limits of Human Performance'.
See Books about Fischer and Kasparov.
From Avital Pilpel (New York, NY, USA):
'In 2004, Everyman Chess published Checkmate! My First Chess Book by G. Kasparov. As the title implies, the book is intended for children who are absolute beginners. About half of the 96-page hardback is devoted to the rules of the game and the remainder to "tactical play" (i.e. fork, pin and skewer), common checkmates, and basic opening and endgame principles of the "don't-move-your-queen-out-early" sort. Every chapter is printed on (glossy) paper of a different color (red, yellow, green, etc.). The book has numerous computer-generated 3-D illustrations.
While this is hardly the first book by a world champion aimed at beginners, it is extremely basic, which makes one wonder to what degree Kasparov was involved in the actual writing. On the other hand, the book contains an introduction by Kasparov (complete with signature), and there is no mention of a co-author, although an "Editor" (Byron Jacobs) is named, and the book's "Design, typesetting, and illustrations" are credited to Horatio Monteverde. Does anybody know if Kasparov is indeed the author?'
See also Chess and Ghostwriting.
An extract from an article by Stephen Fry, 'Giving the Smyslov Screw a theatrical twist', which appeared in the Daily Telegraph, 26 October 1990, page 21:
'My own theory, and I cannot emphasize its worthlessness enough, is that chess is fundamentally a theatrical affair. I first became really interested in the game when I heard about the Smyslov Screw. There was a great Russian world champion, who recently enjoyed something of an Indian summer, called Vassily Smyslov, particularly noted as a master of the endgame. Whenever he moved a piece from one square on to another he had a habit of twisting it, as if screwing it into the surface of the board.
Others might drop their man lightly or bang it aggressively, Smyslov gently screwed it in. The psychological effect of such a move can be devastating. It looks so permanent, so deliberate, so absolutely assured. Kasparov hunches himself over the game, in a brooding, minatory and virile manner that is worth at least three extra pawns.'
Not every reader may succeed in identifying the player purportedly depicted in this painting:
The painting, by John McGrew, was intended to depict Garry Kasparov. No reader sent in the right answer.
Page vii of One Move and You're Dead by Erwin Brecher and Leonard Barden (London, 2007) records that Barden ...
'... was the first to predict in print that Garry Kasparov (then 11) would become world champion and that Nigel Short (then nine) would become Kasparov's challenger.'
Regarding the Kasparov forecast, we are grateful to the Guardian Research Department for sending us the column in question (The Guardian, 24 February 1975, page 16) and for permission to reproduce it here:
In C.N. 507, after the prediction's appearance on pages 5-6 of the book on Kasparov Fighting Chess (London, 1983), we described it as 'an amazing piece of talent-spotting'. Fighting Chess called the passage 'the first western report' on Kasparov.
Further to the remarks about English players in the above Guardian column, Leonard Barden (London) informs us:
'My comment that "England, too, has some possible world class prospects" was a reference to both Julian Hodgson and Nigel Short. It was not until March-April 1975, after Short had performed impressively in Jersey and in a junior event in London, that I rated him ahead of Hodgson, allowing for age, and as a potential rival for Garry Kasparov. At the end of the London event I asked Čenĕk Kottnauer, whose opinion on juniors I regarded highly, to analyse and play a game with Short, and Kottnauer was greatly impressed.
The invitation to the Soviet Embassy for Weinstein to play was on my prompting, my grounds being that he would be nervous on his first journey to the West and that Hodgson could gain a psychological edge for battles to come. Moscow refused.
My forecast in the Guardian of 24 February 1975 was made about 15 months before Botvinnik went into print with his famous remark about the future of chess being in Kasparov's hands.'
There cannot be many chess books more liberal with typos than Kasparov's Best Games by K.R. Seshadri (Madras, 1984). The first word of the Preface gives Kasparov's forename as Carri, and the first two paragraphs have occurrences of Kasperov. Overleaf, the forename becomes Gerry. The annotations, taken from the writings of Kasparov and others, are continually mutilated. Here, from page 46, is part of a note to White's 15th move in Korchnoi v Kasparov, Lucerne ('Lucerene'), 1982:
'Hewever, the problamatic ideal manouvre 21 Nc4! suggested by Yugoslav Grandmaster Kovachevic put an end to the theoratical arguments n favour of White.'
Frederick S. Rhine (Park Ridge, IL, USA) draws attention to page 96 of On Top of the Chess World by L. Christiansen, J. Fedorowicz and I. Gurevich (San Francisco, 1995), where Gurevich annotated the 14th match-game between Kasparov and Anand:
Anand's 17...Qc7 received this comment by Gurevich:
'Black could not do without this move, since 17...f6 18 Nd3 Nb6? is bad due to 19 Be1! Qb5 19 [sic] Nc5.'
Mr Rhine comments: '20...Qxf1 mate would be a strong rejoinder.'
On page 26 of the April 2004 Chess Life Larry Evans wrote:
'"So it's to be Short and it will be short", quipped Kasparov upon learning the name of his challenger (who eliminated Anatoly Karpov and then Jan Timman, to reach the top).'
In reality, the famous quip was made by Kasparov during the Manila Olympiad in June 1992, long before the Short v Timman Candidates' final (which ended on 30 January 1993). From page 462 of Garry Kasparov on Garry Kasparov Part II: 1985-1993 (London, 2013):
'... journalists had asked me who would win the forthcoming final Candidates match – Timman or Short? – and how my next world championship match would end. To the first question I replied: "It will be Short." And, laughing, I made the same reply to the second question: "It will be short." On learning of this from the tournament bulletin, Short took offence ...'
In an interview with Dirk Jan ten Geuzendam (see page 54 of the 5/1992 New in Chess) Short light-heartedly dismissed Kasparov's remark (which he gave as 'It will be Short and it will be short').
C.N. 8376 pointed out incorrect information about when Kasparov made his 'it will be short' quip: it was in June 1992, i.e. some six months before the Short v Timman Candidates' final.
Kasparov mentioned that the joke was reported in a bulletin of the Manila Olympiad, held in June 1992. Can a reader kindly forward us a copy?
The bulletin (June 1992) of the Manila Olympiad has been provided by Henk Chervet of the Koninklijke Bibliotheek in The Hague:
Unsurprisingly, chess is seldom referred to in language courses, with the exception of Russian. One manual for beginners even has a text which mentions Karpov:
Source: page 170 of Complete Russian by Daphne West (London, 2010). On page 122 of an earlier edition, published under the title Teach Yourself Russian, a source for the passage was given: Sputnik.
A text featuring chess was included on pages 169-171 of The Penguin Russian Reader edited by P.H. Meades (Harmondsworth, 1969). It ended as follows:
An addition to C.N. 8684 concerns pages 123-131 of part four of Читаем без проблем by N.A. Kostiuk (St Petersburg, 2013):
Page 127 specifies the source of the interview: Аргументы и факты, 50/2003 and 3/2004.
From page 225 of The Rocket That Fell to Earth: Roger Clemens and the Rage for Baseball Immortality by Jeff Pearlman (New York, 2009):
'For so much of the season, Clemens came off as baseball's Garry Kasparov – cold, indifferent, unemotional.'
The quote has been forwarded by Tony Bronzin (Newark, DE, USA), who comments:
'I can conjure a few adjectives to describe Kasparov, but "cold, indifferent, unemotional"?'
We have received two translations of Kasparov's political articles, Poutine: des Jeux et des geôles (Paris, 2014) and Scacco matto a Putin (Milan, 2014). The back cover of the former book gives the flavour:
The overwhelming impression gained, as ever, is that the author's proper place is at the chess board. Among the masters, Kasparov seems the most politically minded and the least politically adept.
The back cover of the Italian translation:
We offer a briefer assessment of Kasparov: Hopeless politician, hapless agitator.
C.N. 1916 quoted some of Garry Kasparov's replies in an interview published on pages 61-73 of Playboy, November 1989. They included the following on page 70, in response to the question, 'How about women chess players?'
'Well, in the past, I have said that there is real chess and women's chess. Some people don't like to hear this, but chess does not fit women properly. It's a fight, you know? A big fight. It's not for women. Sorry. She's helpless if she has men's opposition. I think this is very simple logic. It's the logic of a fighter, a professional fighter. Women are weaker fighters.
There is also the aspect of creativity in chess. You have to create new ideas. That's quite difficult, too. Chess is the combination of sport, art and science. In all these fields, you can see men's superiority. Just compare the sexes in literature, in music or in art. The result is, you know, obvious. Probably the answer is in the genes.'
The interviewer then said: 'Do you realize that you're expressing a sexist point of view, and that Western women will be enraged by it?' Kasparov replied:
'Yes, but I'm not concerned. I'm sure that women can do many things better than men in many fields. I think it's wrong to want to be compared all the time, to want to be equal in everything. Men and women are different.'
C.N. 10433 quoted from page 268 of Deep Thinking by Garry Kasparov with Mig Greengard (New York, 2017):
'I won't hide from the fact that I did make regrettably sexist remarks about women in chess around this time. In that 1989 Playboy interview I said men were better at chess because "women are weaker fighters" and that "probably the answer is in the genes". The possibility of gender brain differences aside, I find it almost hard to believe I said this considering that my mother is the toughest fighter I know.'
See Chess and Women.
From page 153 of Check Mate and Word Games by Carlos Tortoza (Denver, 2006):
'In 1993, Garry Kasparov, then champion created Professional Chess Association (PCA) worldwide for the FIDE, and Nigel Shorts for the organization and marketing of the series of games for the worldwide heading.
Kasparov and Short had accused to the FIDE with the professionalism lack and favoritism. Moreover, the two had refused to yield 25% of the prizes for the FIDE. The FIDE removed the heading of Worldwide Champion of Chess of Kasparov and denied the Shorts the right to defy Kasparov.'
Two years later:
'The PCA finished for leaving to exist due to sponsorship, when the Intel left to subvention the association ...'
Steve Wrinn (Homer, NY, USA) draws attention to a passage on page 404 of Garry Kasparov on Garry Kasparov Part III: 1993-2005 (London, 2014) regarding the game Leko v Kasparov, Linares, 2003:
Our correspondent remarks:
'In the rapid game referred to by Kasparov it was Kramnik who had the rook against Leko's bishop. Kramnik ultimately won on time at the 133rd move, and his decision to play on in a theoretically drawn position elicited various comments. For example, in the Los Angeles Times, 14 January 2001 Jack Peters wrote:
"The players revealed opposing attitudes to rapid chess in the time scrambles at the end of the seventh and tenth games. In both cases, Kramnik had a nominal advantage that Leko neutralized easily. In the seventh game, Kramnik, with only five seconds remaining, offered a draw to Leko, who had 23 seconds left. Leko graciously accepted. In the tenth game, Kramnik had the edge on the clock and kept playing a drawn position until Leko ran out of time."'
Below is the first section of an article 'Pure hatred as Capitalist King meets Party Pawn' by Andrew Stephen on page 13 of the Observer, 7 October 1990:
There were many similar articles in the 1980s and 1990s. They left no doubt as to the writer's sympathies, though plenty as to his credentials. Little or nothing is sourced, and the reader cannot know where the information comes from, or judge how trustworthy it is. A single article such as Andrew Stephen's could provide fodder for a dozen C.N. items soliciting corroboration of the various quotes and assertions.
As regards the rivalry ('pure hatred') between Kasparov and Karpov, to what extent have journalists been duped? A remark from page 213 of Karpov on Karpov (New York, 1991), a book referred to in Karpov's Writings, is worth recalling:
'Every match is preceded by scandalous situations. Some arise spontaneously, others are planned, but in general a match never comes off without them. Kasparov and I also tried to uphold the ancient tradition and toss the journalists some choice morsels.'
On page 184 of the above-mentioned book Karpov wrote:
'But Kasparov and I have nothing in common. We were formed in different eras, I in the year of social renaissance and the emancipation of the populace's soul, and he in a time of stagnation. I came from the simple people and for a long time I remained one of them. He was singled out in childhood; elitism became an essential part of his world. For me chess was the end, for him it has merely been the means.'
Garry Kasparov's track-record as a writer may generously be called patchy. The early triumph of The Test of Time (Oxford, 1986) was followed by the calamitous Child of Change (London, 1987). Kasparov Against the World, co-written with Daniel King (New York, 2000), received warm plaudits, but in Kasparov's Predecessors series the first volume (London, 2003) was particularly shameful for its lack of historical rigour. His indifference to the game's lore was highlighted in How Life Imitates Chess (New York and London, 2007).
Written just after he retired from serious chess play, our article Reflections on Garry Kasparov suggests certain reasons (some book-related, including his lamentable choice of associates) for the decline in his general reputation in the chess world, and since 2005 Kasparov's focus has been on Russian and international politics. That has now resulted in Winter is Coming by Garry Kasparov with Mig Greengard (London, 2015), a 290-page work subtitled 'Why Vladimir Putin and the enemies of the free world must be stopped'.
On page 286 some of the index entries for 'Putin, Vladimir' convey the book's thrust: 'aggressive actions summary (2008)'; 'anti-democratic actions summaries'; 'background/KGB and'; 'comparisons to other dictators'; 'corruption and'; 'Hitler comparisons and'; 'mafia comparisons and'; 'people's unimportance to'; 'popularity myth'; 'recommendations on ending his regime'.
Fortunately, the book has little if anything in the two areas of chess – history and politics – which have caused so much damage to Kasparov's standing through his predisposition towards inaccurate and unsubstantiated statements ...
Nothing would induce us to comment on Kasparov's political beliefs or on how they are set out and backed up in his book. On the purely technical question of prose quality, we gladly observe that Winter is Coming is the best book that Kasparov has produced.
Following information received from Miquel Artigas (Sabadell, Spain), we have acquired Chamo-me ... Garry Kasparov (Lisbon, 2011), as well as the translations into Spanish and Catalan, Me llamo ... Garri Kasparov (Badalona, 2013) and Em dic ... Garri Kasparov (Badalona, 2013).
Intended for children aged nine and over, the 64-page book was written by Manuel Margarido and illustrated by Manuel Alves. It is part of an extensive series of imaginary autobiographies:
The principal sources for the Kasparov text are loose talk from the Internet (including, on pages 15-16, 'it is calculated that more than 600 million people throughout the world play chess') and his own books, which are sometimes no less loose. The section on 'My books' refers to the atrocious (our word, and not Margarido's or Kasparov's) Child of Change and to the first volume of My Great Predecessors. The latter book, abysmal in terms of history and scholarship, is described on page 47 as merely containing 'some errors, later corrected'. Would that they had been.
Kasparov's political/agitatorial activities are covered too, as shown by pages 54-55:
The front and back covers have Kasparov affirming that he was the best chessplayer of all time, whereas the book's text puts slightly more cautious words in his mouth. From page 44:
'Para muitos, como te disse, fui o melhor jogador de xadrez de todos os tempos. Já me conheces e sabes que não vou negar essa opinião.'
Many respectable authorities have called Kasparov the greatest player in the game's history, but how close has he himself ever come to making such a claim?
Adam Ponting (Petersham, Australia) notes a ChessBase article dated 5 April 2005 in which one of the questions posed to Kasparov by Mig Greengard and Dylan Loeb McClain, 'Where would you rank yourself all-time?', was answered as follows:
'I don't like this question in general, it's too subjective. By most standards, number one because of the length of my high performance and the strength of the opposition. The greatest gap between the number one and the rest was Bobby Fischer in 1972, but that was just one or two years and then came Karpov. I was able to keep up with the new generation and beat them. I was able to stay on the cutting edge, stay on top of the ranking for 20 years. I would say that entitles me to be number one.'
From Bruce Monson (Colorado Springs, CO, USA):
'Even though Kasparov did not show up for the start of game one in Pasadena in 1983, Korchnoi was there and actually made a move, 1 d4. Kasparov was forfeited, of course, but ultimately this did not count.
I have not seen any photographs of Korchnoi sitting at the board across from Kasparov's empty chair. Do you know of any?'
The Candidates' Semi-Final match between Kasparov and Korchnoi was due to begin in Pasadena on 6 August 1983. Below is a report on page A2 of the following day's edition of the San Bernardino County Sun:
Bruce Monson notes that two photographs accompanied a report in the Los Angeles Times, 7 August 1983, pages 1 and 7. Better copies are sought.
This block of nine postage stamps (North Korea/'Democratic People's Republic of Korea', with the dates 1984, 1985 and 1986) is a curiosity in our collection:
From Deep Thinking by Garry Kasparov with Mig Greengard (New York, 2017) we quote a selection of passages which focus on autobiographical matters and chess lore (rather than computers, the central theme of the book):
'Thanks to the Internet's matchless ability to spread myths and rumors, I've found myself bombarded with all sorts of misinformation about my own intellect. Spurious lists of "highest IQs in history" might find me between Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking, both of whom have probably taken as many proper IQ tests as I have: zero.' (Pages 14-15)
'Despite not knowing all the rules, before I was six I solved a chess puzzle in the newspaper that had been frustrating my parents. My father, Kim, hastily got out the chess set the next day to show me how the game was played, but it always felt like I learned chess the way an infant acquires its native language. There is no luck in chess, but clearly I was lucky in my choice of birthplace and parents.' (Page 85)
'I can say without any false modesty that I was the best-prepared player in the history of chess. Even when I was very young I enjoyed studying the openings and searching for improvements to add to my arsenal. The exciting cut-and-thrust tactics of the middlegame get most of the attention, but the tenacity and ingenuity required to find a new idea in the well-trodden paths of the opening always attracted me.' (Page 105)
'I am a sore loser.
I want to clear that up right at the start. I hate losing. I hated losing bad games and I hated losing good ones. I hated losing to weak players and I hated losing to world champions.
I have had sleepless nights after losses. I have had angry outbursts at award ceremonies after a bad defeat. I have been annoyed to discover that I missed a good move in a game I lost 20 years ago when analyzing it for this book.
I hate to lose, and not just at chess. I hate to lose at trivia games. I hate to lose at card games. (My complete lack of a poker face is why I rarely play them.)
Being a sore loser is not the attribute I'm most proud of, nor am I ashamed of it. To be the best in any competitive endeavor you have to hate losing more than you are afraid of it.' (Page 113)
'Paradoxically, when other top players wrote about games in magazines and newspaper columns they often made more mistakes in their commentary than the players had made at the board. Even when the players themselves published analyses of their own games they were often less accurate than when they were playing the game.' (Page 138)
'After I beat him heavily in a match in 1986, English GM Tony Miles called me "a monster with a thousand eyes who sees all". I didn't like that nickname any more than I liked being called the "Beast of Baku" (el Ogro de Baku in Spanish, I'm told), but I suppose it was a compliment. My ability to see in seconds what even experienced Grandmasters needed minutes to work out was what first drew me to the attention of Mikhail Botvinnik when I was a child. I wasn't a machine, or an all-seeing monster, but I was about as close as a human could get when it came to chess.' (Page 175) [For Miles' description of Kasparov on page 3 of the Basler Zeitung, 23 May 1986 ('eine Arte Monster mit hundert Augen') see Kasparov v Miles, Basle, 1986.]
'I won't hide from the fact that I did make regrettably sexist remarks about women in chess around this time. In that 1989 Playboy interview I said men were better at chess because "women are weaker fighters" and that "probably the answer is in the genes". The possibility of gender brain differences aside, I find it almost hard to believe I said this considering that my mother is the toughest fighter I know.' (Page 268)
'Publications deciding on the English spelling of my first name used to fluctuate between Gary, Garry and even Garri, but I prefer Garry.' (Page 269)
The inside dust-jacket of Deep Thinking
'It was hard to not recall the retort attributed to Bobby Fischer when an eager fan pressed him after a difficult win. "Nice game, Bobby!" Fischer answered, "How would you know?"'
The corresponding endnote on page 267:
'I was told this story in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and have no way to know if it's true. But it definitely sounds like something Fischer might say. It is also bitingly insightful, as few fans would have any idea of the quality of a world champion's game without expert commentary. Today it's quite different, when everyone has a super-strong engine at his disposal and feels empowered to scoff at the champion's mistakes as if they'd found them themselves.'
On the Fischer matter we add that in the late 1980s Stewart Reuben managed to become a BCM columnist and that on page 338 of the August 1989 issue he wrote this 'once' story:
'Jimmy Adams once said to Fischer in Monaco, "Gee, Mr Fischer, that was a beautiful game you just played!" Bobby's reply, "How would you know?"'
On page 447 of the October 1989 BCM Reuben apologized to Adams:
'He tells me this never took place and that the only words that ever passed between them were "Excuse me".'
Kasparov's observation about people pointing out a champion's mistakes 'as if they'd found them themselves' makes us wonder how often he has been the victim of a common piece of annotational malpractice: in a book or article a champion (e.g. Capablanca or Alekhine) presents analysis which is an improvement on his actual play, and a subsequent annotator (e.g. Panov or Kotov) reproduces the same variations anonymously, as if they were his own discovery. There cannot be many areas of human activity where a critic has the opportunity to act that way.
The final acknowledgement on page 262 of Deep Thinking is to 'My collaborator of nearly 19 years, Mig Greengard, whose former lives in programming and chess made him even more indispensable than usual on this project'. The book's fine prose and general editing underscore how poorly Kasparov and Everyman Chess served each other. (One small correction, concerning page 81: Lasker's Common Sense in Chess was dated 1896, and not 1910.)
Kasparov's Deep Thinking is an absorbing, often brilliant, book which no chess lover should miss.
Noël Coward often pondered why some place names are funny, and even claimed that in America funny place names are only funny because the word itself is inherently amusing – "Schenectady" "Kalamazoo" "Albuquerque" – whereas the British find certain places funny for less obvious reasons: "Neasden" and "Purley" might elicit a laugh, whereas "Hendon" and "Portsmouth" for example wouldn't. Hugh [Laurie] and I got much mileage out of Uttoxeter, mileage that Exeter or Huddersfield would never have offered …'
See too Articles about Garry Kasparov.
Latest update: 24 December 2022.


This is a burnt hole in carpet. We can repair damaged carpets.
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We wish you a Happy New Year 2014. Now that the New Year's Eve party is over, you might want to get the carpet cleaned and ready for the next big event. Clean carpet will help you maintain your allergies and help to keep your carpets in excellent shape. Frequent cleaning helps to control odors in your home or business. Call us for a custom quote. Be sure to print a carpet cleaning coupon. We guarantee all our work.


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I hereby authorize Monumental Kosher to investigate my references, work record, education and other matters related to my suitability for employment and, further, I authorize the refrences I have listed to disclose to Monumental Kosher, any and all letters, reports, and other information related to my work records, without giving me prior notice of such disclosures. In addition I hereby release Monumental Kosher, my former employers, and all other persons, corporations, partnerships and associations from any and all claims, demands, or liabilities arising out of or in any way related to such investigation or disclosures.
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Mass Mobilization in Autocracies Database
Contact and Legal Info
Using the MMAD
Download the MMAD
When using information from our database, please cite the companion book chapter and observe the license terms. You need to be a registered user of this site before you can download the data. To register, use the login link above.
The latest versions available below always include prior versions. For example, the datasets for Version 2.0 (2013-2015) include all events for Version 1.0 (2003-2012).
Report-level Data
This is the original version of the MMAD. The table contains report-level data, where each line corresponds to a report about a particular event. Many events are covered in more than one report, so do NOT use these data for event-level analyses without prior aggregation (or some other way to take into account the nested data structure)! For more information about the variables included, please refer to the MMAD documentation.
id: Unique identifier for this report
cowcode: The Correlates of War country code
location: The unique ID of the city, from the GeoNames database
longitude/latitude: The geographic coordinates of the city, from the GeoNames database
asciiname: The ASCII name of the city, from the GeoNames database
event_date: The event date
side: The side the protest is directed at (anti/pro-government)
actors: The actors involved in the protest (as mentioned in the report, no standardization)
issue: The protest issue (as mentioned in the report, no standardization)
scope: The scope of the protest (local/regional/national)
part_violence: The level of participant violence
sec_engagement: The level of security force engagement
numparticipants: The number of participants (as mentioned in the report, sometimes contains text)
avg_numparticipants: An estimate of the number of participants, where words such as "hundreds" were replaced with approximate numbers. If more than one estimate is reported, the average is taken.
source: the source of the report (AP, AFP or BBC Monitoring)
version: the MMAD version this report belongs to
Download the latest version of the report-level dataset here: MMAD Reports, Version 2.0	(63 downloads)
Event-level Data
For users requiring data at the level of events, we provide a pre-aggregated version of the MMAD. The table contains the following variables:
numreports: The number of reports available for this event
max_scope: The maximum scope across the reports for this event
max_partviolence: The maximum level of participant violence across the reports for this event
max_secengagement: The maximum level of security force engagement across the reports for this event
mean_avg_numparticipants: The mean of the avg_numparticipants variable across the reports for this event
Download the latest version of the event-level dataset here: MMAD Events, Version 2.0	(89 downloads)
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Chakras Software describes the chakras as energy centers in the spine and how the chakras can be activated. The shareware version introduces the 7 chakras (Root Chakra to Crown Chakra) along with their Sanskrit names. Registration is required to view all large-size Chakras (clear and accurate images), Chakra sound keys (no audio) and additional text files. Chakras and Yantras, a companion program, can be registered together for $16.80 Canadian.
Aromatherapy v.1.2Aromatherapy lists aromatic oils and indications. Included are some important safety tips. Aromatherapy is a powerful tool when used professionally. Essential oils have been found to have a much higher antioxidant value than vegetables and fruits.
CFS PC MAC FILE INTERCHANGER v.3.1.021991CROSS FILE SHARE (PCML) gives you easy, streamlined access between Macs and PCs. Start a letter on your Mac and transfer it to your PC laptop to finish on the plane. Making a DVD on your Mac? Import your vacation photos from your Windows desktop.


A building inspection is vital to any successful house purchase. Today we look at how to manage your inspection when buying in the USA.
Before you go getting waylaid by a picture perfect picket fence and the porch of your dreams, it's important to have an expert take a closer look at your new home. Things may well look as pretty as a picture on the outside, but you need to ensure that's not just a trick to distract you from rising damp. Today we're looking at when and how to get your house inspected in the USA.
The escrow period is when to have a building inspection. They will be able to determine whether the offer you made on the property is fair.
Buying a property in the US involves the same steps it does in the UK. You need to establish your budget, get pre-qualified for a mortgage (if required), find a real estate agent that you like and trust and then you can start shopping for your home. While it's possible to conduct simple checks on the property while wandering around with your realtor – does the boiler work, do the lights come on when you flick the switch? – the more serious checks must be carried out by a home inspector. This stage comes after you have made an offer that has been accepted and you've moved into escrow.
After you've made the offer, your closing costs will be paid into escrow. This means that a third party holds onto them until all the necessary checks are completed, the final contract is negotiated and you close the deal. While these funds are in escrow you can't touch them and neither can the seller. It's a system designed to protect the interests of both parties.
If any problems do emerge in a survey, how will you negotiate for a lower price? Download our guide, How to Negotiate Abroad, for essential tips on how get a better house for your money.
This escrow period is when you will have a building inspector come and look at the property. They will be able to determine whether the offer you made on the property is fair. The building inspector will establish if there are problems that might make you decide to bow out of the deal. They will also identify matters that the seller needs to rectify, or fix, before the deal is finalised. If something significant should show up, you can renegotiate the sale price or pull out of the deal entirely without being fined.
Your realtor will help you to arrange this inspection, which should take place within a few days of the seller accepting the offer. When you make the purchase offer always ensure you clearly outline the timeframe for the buyer's inspection period and give yourself a little leeway where possible. The buyer's inspection period begins when the contract is accepted and will expire when stated in the purchase contract. Usually you get 14 days. The buyer is responsible for the cost of the inspection.
How to find a good home inspector?
Your real estate agent will have some good recommendations, as will friends and colleagues who have bought recently. We recommend checking that they are accredited, with the American Society of Home Inspectors or that they are a member of InterNACHI. Members of these organisations have to pass an exam and adhere to professional standards. You should also have a look at the reviews each candidate has online on sites like Yelp and Angie's List. Call to chat to them and drop them an email or two – how they respond will be a good evaluation of their service.
To get the most from your home inspection, plan to be present the entire time. The inspection is likely to last between two and four hours, depending on the size of the home, its condition and how many questions you ask.
How much will a home inspection cost?
You should expect to pay something in the region of $300-600 (£230-450) but this will vary depending on the price, size and age of the house. You may also have to shell out for specialist inspections. Depending on the US state that you're in, you might need to have a wood infestation (termite) inspection. If they have recently been given the all-clear the seller will be able to provide you with a certificate. If your property was built before 1978, you will need to have it checked to see whether it was painted with lead-based paint. Your inspector will either be qualified to conduct these tests themselves, or they will be able to recommend someone else.
Expect to pay in the region of $300-600 (£230-450), depending on the price, size and age of the house.
Reputable home inspectors will offer sample reports on their websites that are easy to understand and well formulated. A good report will not only identify the problem, it will explain why it is an issue and what should be done to fix it. You should expect a report to include photographs.
Ask how long after the inspection it will take to get the report through. Some inspectors will be able to provide you with the report then and there; others may take a day or two to write it up. If you are on a deadline you don't want a tardy building inspector holding you up.
Choose an inspector who wants you to be there while they conduct the report. Take up that opportunity, as it's your chance to ask any questions, to ensure they're thorough and to see any problems for yourself.
In some states, home inspectors must have a license. Make sure that you get a copy of this and proof of their insurance documents. If something were to go wrong down the line, despite the home inspector carrying out their survey, these official documents will help you to make a successful claim.


The dog times of summer are upon us nearly. While kids might be rejoicing, many retailers are usually lamenting the anticipated lag running a business as individuals pack their head and bags for much flung, warm-weather destinations. Meanwhile, merchants which have been situated in vacation destinations are usually prepping for an onslaught of new business. Either way, now could be prime time for merchants to strategy the most efficient merchandising strategies for warming up summer sales.
Some stores would want to concentrate on highlighting cutesy novelty and toys items which will interest tourists. Others may choose to concentrate on special promotions that provide local pet owners justification to get out from the pool and enter into town to shop.
Mobile displays are ideal in pet shops for most reasons. They allow merchants to highlight or showcase any fresh merchandise in or about the checkout area which are perfect to improve impulse sales. The wonder of a cellular shelving device is having the opportunity to constantly change the positioning of a screen without disrupting the complete store.
Retailers can use a wide variety of shelving features also. For example, retailers can truly add glass shelves that may give even discount dog stores a boutique sense, without spending a complete lot on store fixtures.
In the summertime season, when school is closed, live animal displays are a smart way to attract families with children, who'll want to start to see the animals close up for themselves. Independent dog retailers which have entertaining live pet displays may draw family members away from big retail chains as it pertains period to restock on the pet food supplies.
And such displays need not break the bank.
Endcaps are valuable real estate in virtually any store extremely. They are an excellent way to raise the amount of retail area with gondola shelving works. Most retailers believe probably the most expensive products should be presented on endcaps. That's not 100 percent accurate; probably the most profitable products must be featured on endcaps.
Using signage can be an excellent method to seize the customers' interest, and making proper usage of your store's finish units is key to your pet business.
Up-date any pet shelving along with transforming shelf addresses. Handy Shop Fixtures Shelf Addresses, which fit over regular shelving units, are ideal for touching up aged, scratched or rusted shelves. Of painting over a vintage damaged shelf instead, retailers can just very easily place these shelf addresses along with existing shelves, making them look completely new.
They are ideal for adding color to a specific retail sections also. For example, use glowing blue for the fish region, crimson for cats, and yellow for canine section. You may also use shelf addresses to highlight your endcaps to pull the eye of customers. To go on it a step additional, you can replace aged pegboard with the coordinating Shelf Cover color to essentially improve the display fixture.


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The Best Free Comics To Bring You Up To Super-Speed
Filed to:New comics we crave extra
Tomorrow is 2009's Free Comic Book Day, when all manner of publishers release free books to celebrate the medium and try and get some new readers into characters they hadn't previously considered. Here're our favorites.
If you've been craving some superhero action but don't know what's going on with your old favorites, DC's Blackest Night #0 and Marvel's Free Comic Book Day Avengers both offer all-new stories that'll bring you up to speed in a fast and stylish manner; both books are written and drawn by the company's top talent (Night boasts story by Geoff Johns and art by Ivan Reis, while Avengers is a Brian Michael Bendis and Jim Cheung co-creation), and hint at what's to come fairly effectively. Other superhero thrills can be found in Wolverine: Origin of an X-Man (Just in time for this weekend's X-Men Origins: Wolverine release), Image's Savage Dragon #148 and Cyberforce/Hunter Killer Preview, and new indie comic Fist of Justice.
If you'd rather look for some more familar characters, Dark Horse and IDW have you covered; the former are putting out two books, Star Wars: The Clone Wars and Aliens/Predator, while IDW have a Transformers/GI Joe flipbook ready and waiting for you. If that's not enough, the Dabel Bros. Showcase offers a new Dresden Filesstory as well as - weirdly enough - a preview of an upcoming Star Wars novel from publishing partners Del Rey, while Boom! have a new Warhammer preview (as well as a reprint of the first issue of their Cars series) and Mirage reprint the first issue of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles to celebrate the characters' 25th anniversary.
Of course, there's also all manner of new work out there for you to discover tomorrow as well. Our pick would be Oni Press' Resurrection #0 (tying in with this week's Resurrection collection, offering up a view of life post-alien invasion), the Comics Festival collection of Canadian cartoonists and, of course, Fantagraphics' Love and Rockets Sampler... which may be neither new nor sci-fi, but is still some of the best comics out there.
A full list of the books available for Free Comic Book Day is available here, and as ever, your local comic book store can be found by clicking here. Visit, find some new favorite things to read, and take advantage of the freebies.


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Sabará és una ciutat de l'estat brasiler de Minas Gerais. La seva població estimada el 2006 era de 134 282 habitants. La seva àrea total és 303,6 km².

Sabara

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Turzyca pęcherzykowata (Carex vesicaria L.), gatunek byliny z rodziny ciborowatych (turzycowatych). W Polsce dość pospolity gatunek rodzimy.

Morfologia

 Pokrój Roślina zielna, rozłogowa, wytwarzająca liczne pędy wegetatywne.
 Łodyga Ostro trójkanciasta, o wysokości do (30)40-80(120) cm.
 Liście Jasnozielone, płaskie, szerokości (3)4-8 mm, spodem i na brzegach bardzo ostre. Pochwy liściowe o czerwonym do brunatno-czarnym ubarwieniu, u dołu i na brzegach szorstkie, silnie sieciowato postrzępione.
 Kwiaty Roślina jednopienna, kwiaty rozdzielnopłciowe, zebrane w kwiatostany - kłosy. Kłosy szczytowe męskie, od 2 do 3, rzadziej 1, równowąskie, długości 3-6 cm, umieszczone na krótkich szypułkach. Kwiaty męskie z trzema pręcikami. Ich przysadki szerokojajowate do eliptycznych, długości 5-8 mm, rdzawe, biało obrzeżone. Kłosy żeńskie poniżej męskich, od 2 do 3, w kątach bezpochwiastych podsadek, wałeczkowate, długości 2-4(7) cm, szerokości 1-1,5 cm, siedzące lub na krótkich szypułkach. Kwiaty żeński z jednym słupkiem o trzech znamionach. Przysadki kwiatów żeńskich lancetowate, długości 4-5 mm, kasztanowate, górą biało, błoniasto obrzeżone, ze środkową zieloną smugą na grzbiecie. Najniższa podsadka przewyższająca łodygę.
 Owoce Jajowaty, trójkanciasty orzeszek długości 2, szerokości 1 mm. Nasiono ukryte jest w jajowato-eliptycznym, gęsto unerwionym, słomkowożółtym, lśniącym pęcherzyku, długości (6)7-8 mm, zwężającym się w stożkowaty dwuząbkowy dzióbek długości 1,5-2 mm, z włoskami będącymi pozostałością znamion słupka. Pęcherzyki ustawione są skośnie do osi kłoska.

Ekologia
 Rozwój Bylina, wiatropylna, hydrofit, hemikryptofit. W Polsce kwitnie w maju i czerwcu.
 Siedlisko Zasiedla najczęściej siedliska zlądowacone, okresowo podtapiane, glebach mineralno-organicznych. Występuje głównie w szuwarach, na brzegach zbiorników wodnych oraz w rowach melioracyjnych i torfniakach, także w olsach.
 Fitocenozy W klasyfikacji zbiorowisk roślinnych gatunek charakterystyczny dla związku Magnocaricion oraz zespołu zespołu (Ass.) szuwaru turzycy pęcherzykowatej (Caricetum vesicariae) gdzie tworzy niewielkie, zwarte fitocenozy.
 Genetyka Somatyczna liczba chromosomów 2n = 70-88.

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Ciborowate


text:
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The NET Bible
The King Institutes Religious Reform
23:1 The king summoned all the leaders of Judah and Jerusalem.1 23:2 The king went up to the Lord's temple, accompanied by all the people of Judah, all the residents of Jerusalem, the priests, and the prophets. All the people were there, from the youngest to the oldest. He read aloud2 all the words of the scroll of the covenant that had been discovered in the Lord's temple. 23:3 The king stood by the pillar and renewed3 the covenant before the Lord, agreeing to follow4 the Lord and to obey his commandments, laws, and rules with all his heart and being,5 by carrying out the terms6 of this covenant recorded on this scroll. All the people agreed to keep the covenant.7
23:4 The king ordered Hilkiah the high priest, the high-ranking priests,8 and the guards9 to bring out of the Lord's temple all the items that were used in the worship of10 Baal, Asherah, and all the stars of the sky.11 The king12 burned them outside of Jerusalem in the terraces13 of Kidron, and carried their ashes to Bethel.14 23:5 He eliminated15 the pagan priests whom the kings of Judah had appointed to offer sacrifices16 on the high places in the cities of Judah and in the area right around Jerusalem. (They offered sacrifices17 to Baal, the sun god, the moon god, the constellations, and all the stars in the sky.) 23:6 He removed the Asherah pole from the Lord's temple and took it outside Jerusalem to the Kidron Valley, where he burned it.18 He smashed it to dust and then threw the dust in the public graveyard.19 23:7 He tore down the quarters20 of the male cultic prostitutes in the Lord's temple, where women were weaving shrines21 for Asherah.
23:8 He brought all the priests from the cities of Judah and ruined22 the high places where the priests had offered sacrifices, from Geba to Beer Sheba.23 He tore down the high place of the goat idols24 situated at the entrance of the gate of Joshua, the city official, on the left side of the city gate. 23:9 (Now the priests of the high places did not go up to the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem, but they did eat unleavened cakes among their fellow priests.)25 23:10 The king26 ruined Topheth in the Valley of Ben Hinnom so that no one could pass his son or his daughter through the fire to Molech.27 23:11 He removed from the entrance to the Lord's temple the statues of horses28 that the kings of Judah had placed there in honor of the sun god. (They were kept near the room of Nathan Melech the eunuch, which was situated among the courtyards.)29 He burned up the chariots devoted to the sun god.30 23:12 The king tore down the altars the kings of Judah had set up on the roof of Ahaz's upper room, as well as the altars Manasseh had set up in the two courtyards of the Lord's temple. He crushed them up31 and threw the dust in the Kidron Valley. 23:13 The king ruined the high places east of Jerusalem, south of the Mount of Destruction,32 that King Solomon of Israel had built for the detestable Sidonian goddess Astarte, the detestable Moabite god Chemosh, and the horrible Ammonite god Milcom. 23:14 He smashed the sacred pillars to bits, cut down the Asherah pole, and filled those shrines33 with human bones.
23:15 He also tore down the altar in Bethel34 at the high place made by Jeroboam son of Nebat, who encouraged Israel to sin.35 He burned all the combustible items at that high place and crushed them to dust; including the Asherah pole.36 23:16 When Josiah turned around, he saw the tombs there on the hill. So he ordered the bones from the tombs to be brought;37 he burned them on the altar and defiled it. This fulfilled the Lord's announcement made by the prophet while Jeroboam stood by the altar during a festival. King Josiah38 turned and saw the grave of the prophet who had foretold this.39 23:17 He asked, "What is this grave marker I see?" The men from the city replied, "It's the grave of the prophet40 who came from Judah and foretold these very things you have done to the altar of Bethel." 23:18 The king41 said, "Leave it alone! No one must touch his bones." So they left his bones undisturbed, as well as the bones of the Israelite prophet buried beside him.42
23:19 Josiah also removed all the shrines on the high places in the cities of Samaria. The kings of Israel had made them and angered the Lord.43 He did to them what he had done to the high place in Bethel.44 23:20 He sacrificed all the priests of the high places on the altars located there, and burned human bones on them. Then he returned to Jerusalem.
23:21 The king ordered all the people, "Observe the Passover of the Lord your God, as prescribed in this scroll of the covenant." 23:22 He issued this edict because45 a Passover like this had not been observed since the days of the judges; it was neglected for the entire period of the kings of Israel and Judah.46 23:23 But in the eighteenth year of King Josiah's reign, such a Passover of the Lord was observed in Jerusalem.
23:24 Josiah also got rid of47 the ritual pits used to conjure up spirits,48 the magicians, personal idols, disgusting images,49 and all the detestable idols that had appeared in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem. In this way he carried out the terms of the law50 recorded on the scroll that Hilkiah the priest had discovered in the Lord's temple. 23:25 No king before or after repented before the Lord as he did, with his whole heart, soul, and being in accordance with the whole law of Moses.51
23:26 Yet the Lord's great anger against Judah did not subside; he was still infuriated by all the things Manasseh had done.52 23:27 The Lord announced, "I will also spurn Judah,53 just as I spurned Israel. I will reject this city that I chose—both Jerusalem and the temple, about which I said, "I will live there."54
23:28 The rest of the events of Josiah's reign and all his accomplishments are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Judah.55 23:29 During Josiah's reign Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt marched toward56 the Euphrates River to help the king of Assyria. King Josiah marched out to fight him, but Necho57 killed him at Megiddo58 when he saw him. 23:30 His servants transported his dead body59 from Megiddo in a chariot and brought it to Jerusalem, where they buried him in his tomb. The people of the land took Josiah's son Jehoahaz, poured olive oil on his head,60 and made him king in his father's place.
About The NET Bible
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I am currently typing this post on my parents´ balcony in the sun. As I don´t have classes on Thursday and Friday this week (yep, not kidding!), I decided to go home again for the weekend, enjoy the beautiful weather in the countryside and meet some friends as well.
To round up my posts about Munich (see the first one here where I am talking about my fave 5 things to do in the city), I am showing you an outfit I wore for a touristy day in Munich - which included lots of walking.
For a city trip, my priority is to pack good shoes - some in which I can walk in for an entire day without getting any blisters and ideally, also keep my feet dry in case of rain, all while still looking stylish. These Veja sneakers are the perfect companion as they tick all the aforementioned boxes.
Since it was only 12 degrees warm (or rather cold?!) I went for lots of layers. The whole camisole-over-tshirt things has been here for a while, and I am really late to hop on that band-wagon, but adding another layer against the cold sounded way too tempting - and to be honest, I quite like the look of the striped shirt and black cami plus a blush pink bomberjacket. What do you think?
By the way, I spotted this little field of tulips at the Old Botanical Garden more or less by accident and I had to do a little impromtu photo shoot there - and as I´ve ever since came across quite a few pictures taken here on Instagram, I am obviously not the only one who took advantage of this pretty location.


I know you're behind the chair. You didn't tread carefully enough. I could feel you slinking up on me.
Yeah, well, let's take it month by month you fungus.
Catherine, head bowed down, postured awkwardly. She scratched the rim of her husband's chair awaiting his response. Joel's brain was caught in a wind tunnel. He attempted to connect a number of sky-diving thoughts. But… if then… else… back then… since then. They all fell and tumbled… hard to arrange. He used a lot of strength to bring them together but as soon as any strands were within touching distance he'd let go just in case.
Bemused… furrowing eyebrows… reflective… and back to the eyebrows. He turned away from his difficult thoughts and let time pass… distracted by his involuntary facial contortions… until simpler thoughts comforted him.
It's not very likely is it? No, she's in denial. She has imagined this as a defense mechanism. Oh Cath, that is so likeable.
Joel got out of his chair and strolled softly towards Catherine. Towering over her, he stretched out his arms and embraced her in a light tightness.
The Underwoods reveled in their time at the Parkin's. Afsaneh, though frail, was as alert and exciting as a Jasmine flower. Joel was transformed. He treated her to such touches and utterances that might run along a river bank smelling of joyous, unconditional love.
He was ecstatic with this vibrancy and tested it. What about the complicated, secretive, sleazy past of this woman? He dug deep for this corpse of a thought. He tried to get a grip on it but surfaced without it. What fearful nonsense. Yes, it wasn't Afnan, it was Afsi's dominant genes his beloved Layla manifested. Young Afsi sure looked like her. Sure shaped like her. And she likes me. Cut. Quickly. Ah squeamy, squeamy.
Joel and Cath, buoyed by their visit, walked happily home to McLachlan Street. Strange. There was a man at their gate… suspiciously concealed in the Horsham heat by a hat, a moustache and a huge, shapeless top. They slowed. He approached.
Now that was unlikely. More likely was that if he went with the man he'd be found dead in the woods. Committed suicide after murdering his wife in the kitchen. He felt drained and doomy.
"Have you indeed. Bring it here Mike. I'll give it back later.
Joel didn't know what to do.
This all happened. Catherine decided that the last place anyone would expect her to go was her family home in Magee Court. They landed. Five elderly, vacant faces peered through a window. As they walked to the front door she heard an improvised snooty accent yell "lower the portcullis lads, the bladdy royalty's coming".
Five gleeful, in-bred heads met them.
Joel held the repository under one arm. He looked irked and apathetic. After further agitated insistence from Catherine he capitulated and pretended to distribute alms in the manner of throwing bread to ducks. Every time this happened. Even in the school days. Only then there were fewer heads a gawping back and chuckling. Joel couldn't see the humour in it.
The pair was led into the large living room where, as usual, they had to politely refuse a tinny. A re-run of that year's footy Grand Final between Port Adelaide and Collingwood was being shown on their enormous Stream screen.
The Rourke household was a little piece of Collingwood fanaticism holding out against a siege of 'Port Power' aggressors. The addled Heads, eyes gesturing to the screen, goaded Joel.
Oh ha, ha ha, all very droll. It was a matter of recorded history that the 'Pies' had beaten Port by sixty points. Since his return from Haifa, Joel hadn't embraced the footy scene as in his younger days but there really was nothing as irritating as a triumphant Collingwood fan.
The Heads didn't quite get it… but they could sense they'd been slighted. They cooed a little and eyed Joel with intense suspicion.
Joel glanced anxiously at Cath. Do you think there's any chance they might pause their sporting feast so I can attend to a matter of planetary importance? Cath's responding expression suggested that she wanted to be left out of this one.
No, it obviously wasn't the time to suggest an interruption. Joel sat through the replay of the final quarter and the after match celebrations. The Heads were anxious through-out… and with good reason. Collingwood suffered from the wobbles so much it wasn't beyond them to lose a recorded repeat. Joel had to grimace it out. He yelled out Collingwood insults at the screen to help the Heads feel justified in their hostile partisanship… and to allay the anxiety of waiting for his lovely Layla-in-a-box.
Eeveeeentually, and ensuring it was off-Stream, Joel got to plug the repository box into the Stream screen. He went right to the end of the feed and sat like a puppy statue. After a few moments his body tightened and he broke into some shaky bumping.
His big, old, damp face swung round to Catherine.
He jumped down on Cath and hugged her. Catherine, peering from under the scrum, meekly waved her palm towards the screen.
The Heads looked on at the commotion. It was hugely abnormal but they were used to making allowances for Joel. Like the majority of Port fans, Assembly of Godders were possessed by devils. They looked alternately and solemnly at the fuzzy screen and Joel's grunting grabbing of their sister Cath.


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What we're doing to keep employees safe
As COVID-19 upended our lives and profoundly changed how we work, Sundance Institute moved quickly to put our employee's' health and safety at the forefront. Since mid-March of 2020, we have primarily worked remotely and have recently opened our offices again. We set up an internal working group to plan for how to return to our offices— and provide flexibility to allow employees to work from home regularly. We also pride ourselves on the benefits we have always provided that are especially critical during a pandemic, such as our life assistance program, telehealth options, and paid sick time.
Why Sundance
Sundance Institute is dedicated to the discovery and development of independent artists and audiences.
At our core, we believe that individuals can spark new ideas that entertain, push creative boundaries, and ignite empathy and understanding that can ultimately lead to social change. We not only look for these attributes in the artists we support, but the extraordinary talent that we hire to bring our mission to life. With that, we encourage individuals from diverse and historically underrepresented communities, as well as those with unique and transferable skill-sets from various industries, to apply to join the Sundance community.
We're building a talent community full of inspired individuals who want to be a part of the action through our Year-Round Institute roles, Seasonal Program positions, internship experiences, and volunteer opportunities.
If you're looking for a place where creativity, passion, and collaboration come together in support of a unifying purpose, Sundance Institute is where you belong. If you have the qualifications and feel that Sundance is a place that you would enjoy and excel in, then apply to any of our current openings.
Learn more about joining the team below!
Sundance Institute offers an unparalleled experience, with the opportunity to make a real impact both personally and professionally. We are dedicated to creating the best employee experience and invite you to learn more about why our culture, people, and perks make us a great place to work.
At Sundance Institute, we are united by a commitment to support the storytellers who impact our world, and to bring their work to new audiences. We aim to create an environment where the values of openness, honesty, creativity, engagement, and rigor are at the forefront of everything we do.
Behind the scenes, we know that it takes the right culture and people to create big ideas. All of us at the Institute commit ourselves to this vision by upholding our core values:
Build open and honest relationships
Be creative and open-minded
Connect and engage
Work rigorously and skillfully
Our employees enjoy a variety of total rewards, including:
A weeklong summer break allowing everyone to take a vacation at the same time so no one falls behind
20 paid holidays, including federal holidays and others we added just because we can!
Flexible remote work opportunities
Complimentary premium Calm App
Multiple affinity groups to join and connect with your colleagues
Staff also enjoy access to the world-class Sundance Film Festival, with complimentary advance tickets, a staff credential, and an official staff jacket.
When joining the Institute, you are entering a community of inspiring and dedicated individuals who collectively create a culture worth celebrating. Hear firsthand from a few of our people on why they're excited to come to work each day.
Allegra Amend (Manager, Finance): "I love that we're all intensely passionate about the mission of Sundance Institute, and I know hardly any of us would be here if we weren't. We want untold stories to be heard loud and clear."
Rosie Wong (Director, Industry Relations): "I love working with amazing colleagues and industry members. I have worked here for 15 years and have met so many wonderful people both within the organization and in the industry, many of whom have become friends over the years."
Our employees are deeply invested in the Institute, and we strive to invest in our people. Our year-round employees enjoy the following benefits:*
Health, vision, and dental insurance
Medical and Dependent Care Flexible Spending accounts
Monthly Cell Phone/Telework Allowance
Life, accident, and disability insurance (short- and long-term disability)
A retirement savings plan with an automatic 3% employer contribution after one year
Paid vacation time and paid holidays
Paid sick time (with a policy that allows you to take time off to care for sick pets)
Paid family and medical leave
*Each job listing will indicate whether the position is eligible for our total rewards.
Since mid-March of 2020, we have primarily worked remotely and have opened virtual offices in the following States: California, Colorado, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Connecticut, Virginia, Georgia, District of Columbia, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Florida and Texas.
Additionally , we have our physical offices, located in Park City, UT, New York City, NY and Los Angeles, CA.
Our physical offices:
Our Park City office boasts access to world-class outdoor recreation, with ski lifts, hiking, and mountain bike trails just minutes from our front door. Park City employees enjoy the opportunity to ride a free staff vanpool from Salt Lake City to the office each day as space permits.
Centrally located in the heart of Museum Row in the Miracle Mile neighborhood, our LA office is right across the street from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the La Brea Tar Pits, and the soon-to-be-completed Academy Museum of Motion Pictures. There is also easy access to plenty of nearby restaurants and food trucks.
Our New York office is situated in the center of the Theater District in midtown Manhattan, with access to world-class arts and performance venues and a vast array of restaurants. Just a short walk from Times Square, the office is also easily accessible via subway.
Inclusion is a core value at Sundance Institute. We are proud of the work we do in this area with artists, and we are equally committed to diversity within our halls. We welcome individuals of all ethnicities, religions, genders, and abilities to join our team.
Application Process More >
Temporary Positions More >
Sundance Institute participates in the Electronic Employment Eligibility Verification Program. We are an equal opportunity employer committed to hiring a diverse workforce and sustaining an inclusive culture, and we do not discriminate on the basis of disability, veteran status, or any other basis protected under federal, state, or local laws. The Institute will consider for employment qualified applicants with criminal histories in a manner consistent with the requirements of the City of Los Angeles Fair Chance Initiative for Hiring.
The Sundance Group is a collective of nonprofit and for-profit entities that share a commitment to independent expression, original thinking, and the natural environment. It is composed of Sundance Institute, the Sundance Catalog, Sundance Mountain Resort, SundanceTV, and Sundance Now. However, each entity operates independently.
Festival Roles
If I am hired to work for a Sundance Film Festival position in Park City and I am coming from out of state, will housing be provided?
Sundance Institute is unable to provide long-term employee housing. Once you are hired, we can point out some local resources for finding housing, but employees are responsible for their own living arrangements.
Will I be required to work on holidays and weekends?
It depends on the position, but most Festival roles do require our staff to work extended hours, including late nights, early mornings, weekends, and some holidays. Time off will be determined by your supervisor, in accordance with the needs of the business, after your start date.
Lab Roles
The job description says I may be required to live on-site at Sundance Mountain Resort for a certain amount of time, but I live nearby. Can I just commute?
Unfortunately, no. Due to the nature of the work at the labs, we need our staff to live on the mountain during assigned times.
I'd love to live at the resort to work for the labs. Can I bring my partner/pet/family member?
Because staff lodging is in shared homes, we have to restrict visitors. Additionally, pets are not allowed in the homes we provide to our staff.
What can I expect for work-life balance when working at the labs?
Because work hours can fluctuate significantly, our staff are required to live and work at the labs. The lab positions require a lot of long days and nontraditional hours. However, we make sure everyone gets time off the mountain each week for rest and recovery.
I'm an aspiring filmmaker/writer/actor. Will I be able to share my projects with the artists attending the labs?
Our mission is to provide the artists we are supporting with the space to be creative. Because of this, we want to respect boundaries. It is not appropriate to use your position for personal gain.
Does Sundance Institute hire international applicants?
Yes. Applicants must have a current and valid U.S. work authorization. We do not sponsor employees at this time. However, it is important to note that our unpaid internships and volunteer opportunities do not require work authorization.
I just submitted my application. What happens next?
Thank you for applying! Our team will review your application and get back to you if there is a potential fit. Be sure to check your spam/junk folder for an email from us.
I want to apply for multiple positions. Does that hurt my chances?
No. However, if you are interested in multiple positions, we ask that you submit an application for only those jobs that match your skill set.
How long does the interview process take?
The timeline varies depending on the position and the departments involved. However, we do notify all candidates at the beginning of the interview process and keep them apprised of their status as we move along, no matter the outcome.
I've applied for an opening and haven't heard anything back. How can I find the status of my application?
Usually, if a position is still listed on our website, we are still accepting and reviewing applications. Please bear with us! We do our best to keep our careers page up to date. We receive numerous applications for our openings and we make an honest effort to get a response to everyone. If you haven't heard anything in over two weeks, you can email us at hr@sundance.org.
Endowment support
Dwight Anderson
Ariel Investments, LLC
Lin Arison
Susan Cronyn
Doris Duke Charitable Foundation
Jake Eberts
The Charles Engelhard Foundation
Entertainment Industry Foundation
Jeanne Donovan Fisher
Cindy and Alan Horn
Karen Lauder
LisaBeth Foundation
Occidental Petroleum Corporation
Geoffrey K. Sands
Steve Tisch Foundation
Walter L. Weisman


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Home » Congratulations to our Band Front Members!
We are so proud of all of the students who tried out for the different sections of the Band Front over the last two weeks! The following students will be members of the 2016-17 Marching Band!
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Factors to Consider Before Buying Cannabis Paraphernalia.
The environment is full of different plants which can be used for a variety of reasons and an example of such a plant is the Cannabis which is generally known for its recreational use but is also used for medicinal purposes. The Cannabis plant has been subject to a huge amount of level headed discussion as it is seen as an illegal drug in a great deal of countries and people found growing or offering it are caught then taken to court where they may pay colossal measures of fine or serve a long jail sentence. In such countries, the use of marijuana for recreational purposes is strictly prohibited and only people who have a prescription for marijuana from qualified doctors are allowed to use it but in some few countries, the use of marijuana is allowed but it is sanctioned and only adults are permitted to use it. Marijuana is normally smoked and it can be smoked using different things such as a rolling paper or a bong and such items can be bought from a head shop.
A head shop for the most part offers pot related items for instance bongs, maryjane clothing and magazines and they can't be found in numerous spots since cannabis isn't legitimate in a lot of nations therefore having such a shop there would be unlawful too. Many governments have allowed head shops to operate so that they can reduce the number of drug dealers in the streets but they still have very strict laws that dictate how head shops should operate. Head shops also sell paraphernalia that is used for the consumption of tobacco products and most countries allow the head shops that only deal with the sale of paraphernalia used for the consumption of legal products but they are still constantly monitored by the government.
If you want to buy cannabis or tobacco paraphernalia, there are certain important factors that you ought to take into account to guarantee you get your products in the right way to avoid facing any legal ramifications. The first thing you have to do before you purchase any tobacco or cannabis paraphernalia from a head shop is to check your country's rule and regulations to determine if it is legal to buy such products.
You should moreover guarantee that you meet all requirements to purchase cannabis or tobacco stuff as there are typically a few confinements on who can get them.


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Knightsbridge School / News / Charity / KS pupils create an NFT portrait of the Queen to celebrate her Platinum Jubilee – Independent Education Today
KS pupils create an NFT portrait of the Queen to celebrate her Platinum Jubilee – Independent Education Today
Posted: 31st May 2022
Knightsbridge School pupils create an NFT portrait of the Queen to celebrate her Platinum Jubilee
The NFT-style portrait of the Queen will be auctioned off to raise funds for charity
Inspired by Beeple's Everyday NFT digital mosaic which sold at Christies last year for $69 million, teachers, pupils and parents at Knightsbridge School (KS) have created their own digitalised portrait of Her Majesty, 'An Everyday Queen'. This will be auctioned off to raise money for the school's three chosen charities: Place2Be; The Royal Hospital Chelsea; and The Knightsbridge School Education Foundation (KSEF).
KS head of art Alice McGilligan worked with pupils who each created individual portraits of Her Majesty from any period of her life in a range of mediums such as watercolour, graffiti and paint. These images were then digitalised and arranged in the style of an NFT portrait which is being auctioned online. The auction is currently live and bids close on Sunday 29 May. The Parents' Association is also gifting a framed canvas of the NFT to Her Majesty, along with a signed card from the staff, pupils and parents at KS.
Alice McGilligan said: "This was such an exciting endeavour for the Knightsbridge School community to embark on. It involved all of us, including our students, our staff and our parents, to create Knightsbridge School's first-ever NFT. It's been wonderful to work with the students on this project during our art lessons and see their excitement, reacting to the final digital collage. This project takes Knightsbridge School forward into the ever-evolving digital age of Art."
Nora Lee Notzon Derhalli, a parent and member of Knightsbridge School Parent Association, said: "In honour of our extraordinary Queen, the KSPA created a unique NFT digital artwork portrait as a tribute to her enduring legacy of collaboration and innovation over her 70-year reign. The KS kids painted a portrait of the Queen in the style of Warhol, Rankin, Annigoni and many others, and the KSPA created a digital mosaic with the kids' original works. This has been such an innovative way to memorialise the Queen and all the change she has witnessed in her 70 years."
Shona Colaco, head of Knightsbridge School, said: "It has been a real joy seeing the children's enthusiasm and imagination captured in this wonderful piece of art and jubilee tribute to Her Majesty."
Magoo Giles, principal and founder of KS, said: "Wow, what a triumph. All of our KS pupils have had a go at portrait painting our Queen in celebration of her Platinum milestone this summer. All those portraits were put together by a KS parent, Mrs Nora Lee Notzon Derhalli, and our KS teacher extraordinaire, Miss Alice McGilligan."


Logo design is the most important yet most crucial branding element of every business or organization. For today's assortment, we have put together some inspiring RSS symbol based logo designs. RSS stands for Really Simple Syndication, and it is a format that is widely used to deliver information from web pages and blogs to intended users. By syndicating content automatically, RSS feeds benefit the publishers the most. This is the reason why RSS is being used world widely.
Since the process of logo designing requires loads of creativity so that one can come up with an interesting and unique logo design, it is important for the designer to keep the design simple and clutter free as well. This is the best approach when it comes to logo designing, though it is tempting to use loads of eye candy elements but being simple has its own beauty.
In this round up, you will find a beautiful and inspiring showcase of RSS symbol based logo designs for your inspiration. Let us take a look at this collection and be inspired. Do let us know your opinions after browsing through this collection, and be inspired to create your own artworks. You can share this post on social networking sites with your friends as well. Just drop us a line. Your comments are always more than welcome.
A minimal logo design with a RSS symbol in that looks so good.
Here, RSS symbols are used to create a visual illusion. Two distinct colors are used.
In this logo design, RSS symbol is used as a mean to show sound waves.
Again, in this logo design RSS symbol is being integrated as a mean to show movement.
This one is very simple and clean logo design that is unique as well.
The designer has successfully integrated symbols within this logo design while keeping the visual appeal.
A funky hairdo is created by using RSS symbol.
In this logo design, RSS symbol is beautifully placed with the scissor symbol.
This logo design signifies the message that you can carry whole world in your bag.
Beautifully and creatively designed logo that contains RSS symbol used as the feathers.
This logo design shows an open razor and RSS symbol is used to suggest the sharpness of razor.
The designer has done a brilliant job with this logo design.
A truly creative and unique logo design that is free from clutter.
A very minimal use of RSS symbol but even that it is highlighted a lot.
This logo design contains bold text and a clear approach.
A buzzing sound of a fly is being presented with this logo design.
A simple yet creative and in depth design for the logo of Whalechat.
In this logo design, you will notice the use of more colors that add a visual appeal.
A somewhat ugly logo design but is designed with a creative approach.
Fish skeleton is being created by using RSS symbols.
This logo design features a barking dog.
Simple and clean logo design with interesting typography.
In this logo design, a beautiful bird is created that is singing.
Simple and elegant logo design with no graphical symbols and eye candy.
A surfer can be seen in this logo design that was created with RSS symbol.
I like the most is… "Futuretech" cause great color combination looks different & use a very good feather in the picture with a great background means it's perfect… Appreciated that work… Great one.
Nice designs. I like DrumFeed the most.
all are nice symbol and nice collection thanks for sharing.. can i use one symbol on my blog its really nice..


Barclays has become the latest major lender to allow first-time buyers to borrow money to buy a property to let rather than to live in.
It joins NatWest and a number of smaller building societies in offering buy-to-let mortgages to younger buyers who do not already own property.
This sort of offer, the bank claims, could help young people living in expensive regions like London, who are priced out of their local area, by allowing them to get on the property ladder in a cheaper region. They would thus earn a rental income and participate in potential house price growth.
Mortgage brokers were notified last week and Barclays's policy changed on Thursday. The note reads: "This change offers an alternative way of helping first time buyers get onto the property ladder.
Barclays isn't the first major lender to enter this market. According to Aaron Strutt, of Trinity Specialist Financial, the broker, NatWest will accept applications from first-time buyers and assess affordability on its usual criteria: expected rent meeting 5.5pc of 135pc of property value.
Other lenders offering these mortgages include Clydesdale Bank and Vida Homeloans.
Mr Strutt said tighter restrictions around buy-to-let lending, meaning lenders now take personal income into account when calculating affordability, have made it easier for banks to offer this kind of service. He also said this could be an attempt by Barclays to make up for some of the buy-to-let business lost as the sector has slowed following an ongoing Government crackdown.
Will these buyers pay stamp duty?
One factor that anyone taking advantage of this offering will need to note is that they will not qualify for the exemption from stamp duty for first-time buyers announced at last month's Budget.
While anyone buying their first house to live in will pay no duty, as long as it's worth less than £300,000, the exemption doesn't extend to buy-to-let. This would mean £5,000 of tax would be payable on a transaction worth £300,000.
Additionally, when buyers eventually come to buy their own home you would be liable to pay the 3 percentage point surcharge as it would count as an additional property. Anyone selling a "main residence" doesn't pay, but a buy-to-let would not qualify.
Earlier this year Telegraph Money reported the story of Sophie Fernandez who was saddled with an extra £15,000 in stamp duty when she came to buy her first home in London, because she already owned a buy-to-let in Loughborough.
What are the best buy-to-let rates currently on the market?
According to data firm Moneyfacts, Barclays Mortgage currently has the lowest rate for buy-to-let mortgages on five-year fixes: 2.17pc. But the buyer must have 40pc equity.
NatWest is slightly higher at 2.18pc with the same loan-to-value but a lower arrangement fee, £995 compared to Barclays' £1,950.
For two-year fixes Platform is the cheapest at 1.34pc, while TSB has offers at 1.39pc and 1.44pc. All three deals are for those with 40pc equity.
Platform also has a two-year variable tracker currently at a rate of 1.49pc.


Hot, nutritious meals are prepared daily in our certified kitchen. Our cook, Mrs. Joy, serves a variety of lunches that are low in fat and high on deliciousness! Fresh fruits and vegetables are used daily in both our lunches and snacks for the students.


To become a enterprise regulation lawyer, there are just a few simple steps. Notwithstanding, attorneys are permitted to make general (non-privileged) pre-trial statements to the press if there's a "cheap chance" that the statements will not intrude with a good trial or otherwise prejudice the due administration of justice (In re Morrissey, 168 F.3d 134 4th Cir.
It is a authorized method of giving someone else the facility to handle your financial affairs when it is troublesome for you to manage them yourself, perhaps because of a physical incapacity. Just as you might see "Tom Toothington, D.D.S." outdoors a dentist's office, lawyers might use "Esq." on indicators, letterheads, enterprise cards, and signature traces.
Attendance at legislation school often entails three years of full-time research, or 4 years of study in evening classes, where obtainable. 20+ years of estate planning work has demonstrated this distinction, many occasions. Member of the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys, Inc.
As a boutique regulation firm, we've got the time to hearken to our clients' wants. Thus, there's a distinction between an "legal professional at legislation" (someone who is admitted to practice regulation in a sure jurisdiction) and an "attorney the truth is" (somebody who is given specific powers to act within the name of one other).
The place you suspect that an elderly particular person often is the sufferer of financial abuse. With few exceptions, a person should move the bar examination of that state with the intention to be admitted to apply legislation there. I obtained into public health 20 years in the past and since have been a well being educator and a lawyer serving to individuals heal after being harmed.


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Sky Magazine (ou "Sky Mag") foi uma revista lançada como um guia de listagens de TV em 1994 e distribuída aos assinantes do serviço de satélite BSkyB da Sky UK. Em 2007, a revista passou a pertencer a divisão News Magazines da Sky News.

Disponibilidade
A revista estava disponível para assinantes do Variety Pack ou de todos os packs de entretenimento.

Conteúdo
O conteúdo das revistas variava de edição para edição, mas tendia a incluir:

 Entrevistas com celebridades
 Listas de televisão e guia para canais Sky Movies e Sports
 Avaliações de programa e guias de visualização recomendados
 Serviços Sky, canais adultos e publicidade de serviços premium
 Informações sobre atualizações, alterações de preços
 Um boletim chamado Sky Month para dar dicas de como usar o serviço de televisão.

Em seus anos finais, o consenso popular era de que a qualidade do conteúdo diminuía. O que antes era uma revista de qualidade havia perdido guias de canais, listas detalhadas de canais e mais entrevistas de qualidade e artigos relacionados aos programas.

Fim da revista
A revista cessou a publicação em outubro de 2011. A edição de outubro/novembro foi a última. A publicação foi substituída por uma newsletter semanal por e-mail do cliente com destaques da programação.

Extinções no Reino Unido em 2011