Food aid is defined as assistance provided to people in need for the purpose of combating hunger, whether it is in the form of actual food or of cash or vouchers used to purchase food (Shah, 2007). While the idea is simple, food aid as a solution to world hunger presents an extremely complex set of problems, characterized by politics and greed. The current food aid process is inefficient, expensive, and harmful to local economies in recipient nations. For food security to be achieved, it is essential that food aid becomes what it was meant to be: an efficient and humanitarian method to get food in the mouths of hungry people around the world.
The United Nations World Food Programme, or WFP, is the largest food aid organization in the world. In 2006, they channeled about 54% of all food aid and 75% of all emergency food aid (Wahlberg, 2008). When there is a crisis, the WFP requests assistance and receives donations from countries, corporations, and private donors. Then, the distribution of food aid is typically handled by other UN agencies and non-governmental organizations, or NGOs (AlertNet, 2011).
In 2012, 63% of food aid went to Sub-Saharan Africa, 22% went to Asia, 11% went to the Middle East and North Africa, and the remaining 4% went to Latin America and the Caribbean (WFP, 2013). If you split it up by country, the top recipients in 2012 were, in order, Ethiopia, North Korea, Yemen, Pakistan, Somalia, and Kenya (WFP, 2012).
However, the regions and countries that receive the most aid aren't always those are most in-need. In 2012, 60% of the aid that the WFP received was multilateral, which means that the WFP has the ability to choose where the aid is needed most and how best to distribute it, but this figure is decreasing. NGOs distributed 29%, an increase from previous years, while bilateral aid, or aid that is sent to a specific country or project by another, made up the remaining 11%, representing a 90% increase from previous years (WFP, 2013). With bilateral aid, the WFP has very little flexibility in moving money and food to the places where they're needed most, and, while some projects receive full or almost full funding, others receive little or none (Wahlberg, 2008). It is often national interests, such as advancing foreign policy goals or opening up new export markets (AlertNet, 2011), or the amount of attention that a crisis gets in the media that determine which crises get funded and which don't (Wahlberg, 2008). For example, the WFP predicted major hunger in Niger as early as November 2004 and began issuing appeals for donations, but it wasn't until images of starving children plastered the news in summer 2005 that donors started to send money and food. Experts agree that the crisis could've been almost entirely avoided if countries and organizations had responded when the WFP first appealed for donations (Wahlberg, 2008).
The 2002 food crisis in Southern Africa is another example of a case in which the WFP's lack of flexibility led to an unnecessary situation. In response to the crisis, the the US donated genetically-modified maize. However, several countries, like Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique, initially refused the aid over fears about the safety of genetically-modified food. Even though WFP policy states that they must respect the right of recipient countries to refuse to accept genetically-modified aid, the WFP argued that there was no other food available to give them. So, all countries involved, except Zambia, eventually agreed to accept the aid (Wahlberg, 2008).
Food aid comes from governments, organizations, corporations, and individuals. In 2012, the largest donors were, in order by tons of food donated, the United States, Japan, Brazil, Canada, the WFP, and China (WFP, 2012). However, there is much more than simple compassion involved when an entity donates.For example, the amount of food aid donated is correlated strongly with fluctuations in raw material prices and agricultural subsidies within donor countries. When prices are low and donors have surpluses, they can overwhelm foreign markets with cheap food, which pushes prices down further and harms local farmers. On the other hand, when prices are high and production is down, countries often donate less food. Neither situation is good (Wahlberg, 2008).
The primary international agreement dealing with food aid is the Food Assistance Convention, or FAC, a renegotiated version of the 1999 Food Aid Convention. The goal of the FAC is to tackle world hunger by getting member nations to make hard commitments about how much money they will designate for food aid each year (FAC, 2014). In 2014, FAC member nation commitments totaled over 2.7 billion USD, and all member nations either met or exceeded, sometimes substantially, their minimum commitments (FAC, 2015).
Critics of the FAC argue that its membership does not encompass all of the major food aid participants in the world. Large donor nations such as China and South Korea, along with NGOs and recipient nations, are currently not involved with the FAC, even though they all play key roles in the food aid process. Additionally, critics argue that the FAC should increase the minimum levels of food that donors are required to provide, since many donors consistently exceed their minimums, and that the FAC should be delegated the power to hold countries accountable when they don't meet their commitments (Wahlberg, 2008).
While the majority of donors now give money directly to the WFP, some still donate tied food aid, which is food aid that must come directly from the donor country, often with additional strings attached in order to provide greater benefits for the donor country (AlertNet, 2011). For example, most aid from the United States is tied, and it comes with the additional requirements that it must be bought from American sellers and 50% must be shipped on ships registered to the US (Tran, 2013).
Mission 2019 considers the process of tying food aid to be bad due to its inefficiency and high costs. According to CARE USA, the average delivery time of tied food aid is five months after it was first purchased, while cash donations only take one to three months to make an impact. In addition, tied aid costs between 30% and 50% more than aid that isn't tied. That means that, for the same cost, untied aid can reach up to twice as many people as tied aid and does so in a significantly shorter time frame, which is critical in food crises (Voices of Youth, 2011).
Many countries and entities, such as Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the European Union have opted to untie their food aid. However, even these places still specify where much of their aid goes (Voices of Youth, 2011).
There are three types of food aid: emergency, project, and program (WFP, 2013). With any kind of food aid, it is important to target it such that those who need it most are benefitted and it the local economy isn't adversely affected (Wahlberg, 2008).
Emergency food aid is freely distributed, short-term food aid for people in places impacted by natural disasters or political instability, usually given as a grant to countries in need. It comprised 70% of all food aid in 2012 (WFP, 2013). While emergency food aid is considered the most targeted kind of food aid, problems such as tying and earmarking keep it from being perfect (Wahlberg, 2008).
Project food aid is food aid used to support projects dealing with agriculture, nutrition, and development. It is provided as a grant and comprised 27% of all food aid in 2012 (WFP, 2013). While some project aid is targeted and distributed freely, an increasing amount is also sold on the open market in a process called monetization (Wahlberg, 2008).
Large NGOs funded by the United States are responsible for most monetization. It is done in order to fund the shipping and delivery of the aid, as well as to raise money for additional development projects undertaken by the organization, but the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, or FAO, has recommended against it because of the negative effects it has on local markets and agricultural production in crisis regions (Wahlberg, 2008). As a result of the 2014 Farm Bill, the United States has now eliminated monetization of its food aid above the 15% minimum that is currently required by law (USAID, 2015b).
Program food aid is given from one government to another in order to be sold rather than to be given to victims of crises. It can be given as either a grant or loan. Unlike monetized food aid, the funds from the sale of program aid are generally not designated for other aid projects. In 2012, 3% of food aid was program aid (WFP, 2013). Since program food aid is not targeted to those in need and competes with local farmers, its use is on the decline, and, many organizations, like the FAO, are calling for its discontinuation (Wahlberg, 2008).
There are three main ways that food aid is delivered: direct transfers, local purchases, and triangular purchases (WFP, 2013).
In direct transfers, food aid is delivered directly from donors to countries in need. These comprised 62% of all food aid deliveries in 2012 (WFP, 2013). In some crises, particularly when there is nowhere for people to buy or sell food, direct transfers can be the best way to get food to those in need. However, in the majority of cases, direct transfers are expensive, inefficient, and hurt local economies (Wahlberg, 2008).
Generally, local purchases and triangular purchases are better options. They typically allow for faster delivery, lower costs, and support for local and regional economies (Wahlberg, 2008). Local purchases are when food aid is bought, transported, and used all within the country receiving aid. They comprised 20% of food aid deliveries in 2012 (WFP, 2013). Triangular purchases are when a donor country buys food aid in a country that is in the same region as the recipient of the aid and are useful when food is unavailable in the recipient country (WFP, 2013). They comprised 18% of food aid deliveries in 2012 (WFP, 2013).
In 2007, the US Department of Agriculture proposed allotting 25% of the US food aid budget to local and triangular purchases. Although this is much less than what is typical for European countries, Congress still rejected this proposal, responding to outside pressure from the agriculture and shipping industries, as well as those NGOs that benefit from monetization (Wahlberg, 2008). The 2014 Farm Bill budgeted 80 million USD for local and triangular purchases and instituted it as a permanent program (USDA, 2014).
Unfortunately, there are many cases where food aid is misused, withheld, or stolen around the world. This typically occurs when conditions in recipient nations, such as instability or corruption, prevent the UN and food workers from being able to properly distribute and monitor resources.
According to a leaked UN Security Council report, around half of the food aid meant for the hungry in Somalia is stolen by corrupt contractors and radical Islamic militants and subsequently sold illegally by cartels (Jones, 2010).
In North Korea, the government places restrictions on the number of Korean-speaking monitors allowed into the country to assess food aid processes, which has led to the US halting aid to the country and to uncertainty as to whether or not food aid actually reaches the people it's meant for (Cheng, 2014).
According to a 2010 report from the Human Rights Watch, Ethiopian farmers were denied agricultural aid, micro-loans, seeds, fertilizers, "safety net" aid, and even emergency food aid for not supporting the ruling party (Tran, 2011).
In other countries, food aid has been sold rather than being distributed to people in need. The Congo sold food aid and used the money to buy an arms factory, while Mauritius sold specially-requested, high-quality rice in order to build tourist hotels (Peron, 2001).
In 2005, the UN created the Central Emergency Response Fund, or CERF, in an attempt to mitigate many of the problems with emergency food aid and emergency relief in general, such as budget shortfalls, slow response time, and uneven distribution. Donations to the CERF are solely to the fund itself and cannot be tied to specific projects. In addition, one third of the CERF's money goes directly to crises that don't receive enough funding from other sources. (Wahlberg, 2008) The WFP is the largest beneficiary of the CERF, receiving almost 33% of the CERF's funds in 2015 (OCHA, 2015b).
Like the WFP, the CERF is entirely reliant on voluntary contributions, rather than receiving funds from the UN assessed contributions (Wahlberg, 2008). The CERF has generally been well funded, with total donations exceeding goals in 2008, 2011, 2013, and 2014, (OCHA, 2015a) but, with the worldwide need for aid increasing, there is concern that, rather than increasing the total amount of money donated to humanitarian aid sources, donors have donated to the CERF instead of other sources (Wahlberg, 2008).
Given the extremely complex nature of food aid and all of the problems that it has, it is seemingly impossible to find solutions that donor nations, recipient nations, NGOs, industries, and the UN will all agree to. The purpose of food aid is to feed people in need, not to benefit donors, but it is also important to consider that, in many cases, donors will not donate unless they are benefitted in some way. Solutions to the problems associated with food aid must take this unfortunate balancing act into account.
In the ideal situation, the WFP would serve as the central hub for global food aid. Problems such as monetization, tying, and too much bilateral and direct aid would be eliminated, and the WFP would have maximum flexibility to send food or funds wherever it's needed. This can be achieved without significant negative impacts on parties involved through a series of gradual changes in the food aid process.
First, Mission 2019 suggests that all program aid be eliminated by 2020, and that funds should be reallocated to emergency and project aid sources. Then, in 2025, monetization would come to an end and be replaced by cash transfers and food vouchers to people in need. Next, in 2030, tying and bilateral aid would each be ended after a process of gradual reduction. This would solve the problem of countries donating in their own interest. Throughout this time period, direct aid would be gradually converted to local and triangular purchases until the optimal balance is found. In addition, the Food Assistance Convention would be made more effective by including more actors in the food aid arena, and food aid misuse would be tackled through methods such as competitive conditional aid, increased monitoring, and distributing directly to victims rather than governments. Solutions should be reevaluated yearly in order to assess effectiveness. If costs don't decrease, donations fall, hunger is not reduced, or the WFP does not experience increased flexibility, then plans need to be modified.
One of the easiest solutions to food aid is already in motion. Given its humanitarian nature, all food aid should be given as free grants to those in need. Going further, it should also be targeted to those in need. This means that program aid, which is often given as a loan and is sold rather than being targeted to victims of crises, must come to an end. Luckily, many organizations, such as the FAO, are already calling for its discontinuation, and it is continually declining (Wahlberg, 2008). This makes ending program aid an easy solution to implement.
We suggest that the WFP call for the end of program aid after five years, or by 2020. This would give countries that donate program aid enough time to reallocate their resources to other forms of aid. This will have negligible negative impacts. The only parties that will be negatively affected are those countries that are making money off of program aid, such as the donor nation if the aid is given as a loan or the recipient nation if the aid is a grant. However, program aid makes up such a small portion of all food aid that any profits that arise from it are relatively small. On the other hand, ending program aid would have large positive effects. If donors reallocate their program aid funding to emergency aid, then 3% more of food aid, or 150,000 metric tons, would go directly to feeding hungry people (WFP, 2012).
Ending monetized project food aid, another form of non-targeted aid, presents more challenges, because, as it is used as a source of funding by NGOs for their development projects, its discontinuation faces serious opposition. However, there is no doubt that monetization has negative effects. Experts agree that food aid only has a limited effect unless it is targeted specifically to those in need, (AlertNet, 2011) and the FAO has denounced monetization due to its negative impact on markets and agriculture in recipient nations (Wahlberg, 2008). Reforms in the 2014 Farm Bill reducing monetization of US food aid to 15% demonstrate that there is some appetite for reform in Congress.
We suggest that the UN institute a period of gradual reduction of monetization before a complete ban goes into effect after ten years, or by 2025. Congressional reforms would need to follow in the US to eliminate the 15% minimum required by law. Monetized food aid makes up 30% of project aid (FAO, 2006), or approximately 405,000 metric tons of food per year (WFP, 2013). This would enable the WFP to reach many more people in need, and would only have negative effects on NGOs in the short term, since they would have ten years to replace the funding they receive from monetization.
In order to replace funding from monetization, we suggest that NGOs focus their fundraising efforts on developed nations, rather than citizens of regions in crisis. They could mount more extensive fundraising campaigns focused on donations and partnerships with businesses and corporations, or they could sell products other than food aid to citizens of developed nations.
Instead of monetizing food aid, we believe governments and organizations should give food vouchers or actual cash to those in need, because this actually supports local economies and farmers. In addition, distributing currency costs less and is much more time-efficient than distributing and selling food (AlertNet, 2011). Cash transfers are especially useful in crises where the primary issue is that food is too expensive (Voices of Youth, 2011).
We believe that the practice of tying food aid, particularly in the US, must also come to an end due to its high costs and low efficiency, as well as the fact that its conditions are designed to benefit the donor nation and its interests, rather than those in need. NGOs and food policy think tanks alike have called for the end of tied food aid. Despite the relatively small role that US food aid plays in agricultural production and shipping as a whole, attempts to reduce or end tied aid have faced staunch opposition from industry. Therefore, the solution will initially have to come from a source outside of Congress. Other nations would be subject to a similar model.
To do this, we suggest that the WFP adopt policies similar to the CERF and forbid governments from tying their donations to specific sources or destinations (Wahlberg, 2008). However, this must be done gradually and in such a way that the agriculture and shipping industries will accept it and not lobby Congress to oppose the plan. In order to accomplish this, the WFP should require the tying of food aid to be eliminated after fifteen years, or by 2030, with countries being recommended to reduce their amount of tied aid proportionally each year.
The two major arguments against untying food aid in the US, that it will negatively impact agriculture and shipping, are largely unfounded. The farming and shipping industries have already had to adjust to less food aid being purchased by the US government over the past decade, from 5 million tons in 2002 to only 1.4 million tons in 2013, yet both industries are thriving. Agriculture has been one of the most productive sectors of the US economy for the past thirty years and the years 2010 to 2013 were the strongest four years for agricultural trade in history. Meanwhile, all of the major ports used to export food aid have increased, and sometimes doubled or tripled, their total exports from 2003 to 2013. Perhaps most importantly, US food aid comprises less than 1% of the food exported by the US, so, even if the US were to do away with direct aid entirely, the agriculture and shipping industries would still be largely unaffected (USAID, 2015b).
The food that is no longer used for food aid could instead be sold on the market in the US, sold and exported to markets in developed countries rather than those in need of aid, or donated to organizations fighting hunger in the US. Additionally, ending tied aid is not synonymous to ending direct aid. So, shipping routes no longer used for shipping tied aid could instead be used when conditions in certain crises call for the use of direct aid.
As a natural extension of ending tied aid, we believe that the WFP should also stop permitting the channeling of bilateral aid by adopting the same CERF-like policies as for tied aid in order to prevent governments from using the food aid process to advance their interests by designating where their aid will go. This policy change should coincide with the above proposal for the end of tied aid in 2030, and the percent of bilateral aid that each country donates would be recommended to be reduced proportionally in each year leading up to 2030, with those funds or food being replaced by multilateral aid.
This will give the WFP the flexibility it needs to equally support all crises, rather than being forced to fund certain crises over others. In addition, this would eliminate problems such as what happened in the 2002 food crisis in Southern Africa. If the WFP were free to apply any of its food or money to any source, then no country would ever be forced to accept genetically-modified aid, or any kind of aid that they deem inappropriate, if they don't want to. The WFP would also have more control over timing, which is another important factor in the effectiveness of food aid. Food aid arriving at the wrong time can actually do more harm than good. For example, if aid arrives at harvest time, it could create an unnecessary surplus and negatively impact local farmers at a time of the year when hunger isn't as severe (Wahlberg, 2008). Most importantly, ending both bilateral aid and tying would mitigate the problem of governments donating to advance their own interests rather than to help people.
Outside of problems with tied and bilateral aid, we suggest that direct aid in general be minimized. As a general rule, local and triangular purchases are superior to direct aid, because they allow food to be delivered between two and four months faster and lower costs by up to half in a way that supports the local or regional economy (Voices of Youth, 2011). However, in cases where there is a regional shortage of food or where food is simply not available to be purchased, direct aid is necessary (AlertNet, 2011). Governments and agencies sending direct aid should, at the very least, preposition stocks near potential crisis regions (Voices of Youth, 2011). While it does decrease response time, prepositioning is still not as fast as local or regional purchases and is more costly (USAID, 2015a).
We recognize that it is unwise to attempt to completely eliminate direct aid. It is possible that local and regional sources of production may not be able to match the volume gap left behind if direct aid were eliminated, although the need for them to do so could have positive economic benefits. As mentioned, direct aid is also still necessary in certain kinds of crises, and eliminating direct aid entirely would reduce response capabilities in such crises. Therefore, the UN should set a maximum percentage of a country's yearly aid that can be direct. This percentage should be gradually reduced year by year until the proper balance is found between what local and triangular purchases can support and the direct aid that is still needed in case of emergency.
First, the activities of the FAC should include the entirety of the food aid community. We believe that major donors like China and South Korea should become signatories. Nations receiving food aid should also be allowed to become signatories with a recipient status and in the hope that they will be capable of being a donor in the future. This would give them a larger voice in food aid processes so that, if their people experience a crisis that goes unfunded, they can ensure that they are heard. Representatives from NGOs should be invited to meetings and planning sessions, since they play an incredibly large role in the food aid process, too. Furthermore, the FAC could increase its impact and accelerate reforms by instituting additional requirements on commitments made by member nations, such as setting a maximum amount of donations that may be tied, bilateral, or direct.
The fundamental problem associated with the misuse of food aid is that aid should be given directly to the people in need, not their governments, especially when that government's character is in question. Distributing aid directly to the hungry is ideal, but, unfortunately, this is not always possible. In many cases, there are other actions that can be taken.
In relatively democratic and stable countries, UN workers can monitor the food aid process and track where food aid goes and who actually benefits from it. Beyond that, there is a policy solution known as competitive conditional aid in which a donor nation has a set amount of money it is willing to donate to several countries. These countries pledge to make political reforms in their country in return for aid, and, after a period of time, the countries who have made the most reform receive a larger portion of the total aid. This policy is observed to be successful only with relatively democratic nations as the recipients (Montinola, 2007).
In countries like Somalia and North Korea, where the government is either unstable or corrupt, it is much more difficult, if not impossible, for workers to distribute or monitor food aid, and the idea of competitive conditional aid is not appealing. This creates a dilemma. Donors cannot guarantee that the food they donate will reach those it is intended for, but, by not donating at all, they can guarantee that no one will be benefitted. Until conditions in such countries improve, the best option may be to take the risk of donating food and monitor or distribute it as well as possible in the hope that at least some will accomplish its intended purpose.
Hoping to build on the advances made by the 2014 Farm Bill, the food aid reforms in the 2016 Farm Bill proposal are a good case study on how meaningful reforms can be made gradually without significant negative impacts on the parties involved.
While the bill proposes the same amount of funding for US food aid, 1.4 billion USD, its key reform is in how that money will be spent. Twenty-five percent of the budget, or 350 million USD, is to be set aside for non-direct and untied forms of aid such as local and triangular purchases, food vouchers, and cash transfers directly to those in need. This is up from the 80 million USD set aside for that purpose in 2014 (USAID, 2015a).
The United States Agency for International Development, or USAID, which oversees US food aid, says that these reforms would feed more people, save money, and be faster and more efficient. Since local and regional purchases cost 25% to 50% less than direct aid, using 25% of the food aid budget for local and regional purchases would result in around two million more people being helped by US aid with the same amount of money. In addition, local and regional purchases are delivered between eleven and fourteen weeks sooner than typical US aid, and they are more cost-effective than preposition stocks (USAID, 2015a).
The 2016 Farm Bill does not fix all of the problems with American food aid. Most of it is still tied, and monetization and bilateral giving are still large parts of the process. However, it is definitely a step in the right direction and, if passed, will be a model for future reform.
Out of the proposed solutions, ending program aid, monetization, and tied aid are of the utmost importance since they cause the most direct damage and are the least widespread. Cutting down on bilateral and direct aid are the next most important, because, although they also have negative effects, they represent more widespread and entrenched issues throughout the food aid community. Increasing the effectiveness of the Food Assistance Convention and fighting food aid misuse are lower priority solutions. A more effective FAC would be ideal, but is not absolutely essential, while tackling food aid misuse involves dealing with corrupt or unstable governments, which is often dangerous and extremely difficult for providers of aid to do.


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HISTORY IN THE MAKING: FEW TEAMS CAN MATCH THE DODGERS' DOMINANCE
Baseball America|December 2020
The 2020 Dodgers led the National League in runs scored and fewest runs allowed.
Matt Eddy
So did the 2019 Dodgers
And so, too, did the 2018 Dodgers.
Leading one's league in runs scored and fewest runs allowed in consecutive seasons is rare. Thanks to a data query run by Baseball-Reference.com, we know that the 1970 and '71 Orioles did it. The 1942, '44 and '46 Cardinals did it three times in five wartime seasons. But no team had done it for three straight seasons since the Joe DiMaggio Yankees of the 1930s.
In fact, New York led the American League in runs scored and fewest runs allowed an incredible four seasons in a row from 1936 to '39. The Yankees won the World Series all four years.
While the Dodgers of recent vintage can't match those Yankees teams' success in October, they have racked up many accolades of their own, including eight straight National League West division titles, a pair of NL pennants in 2017 and 2018 and a World Series championship in 2020.
Los Angeles came away with only one Commissioner's Trophy in three trips to the World Series in a four-season span, but the teams that defeated the Dodgers in October—the 2017 Astros and 2018 Red Sox—were two of the stronger champions of the expansion era (since 1961).
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Brian Snitker expertly navigated the Braves to a third straight division title despite myriad pitching injuries
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Over the past few years, the Indians have mined the Northeast for talent. The 2020 team got big-time contributions from former college righthanders Aaron Civale (Northeastern) and James Karinchak (Bryant). Waiting in the wings are three more prospects from the region, all from high school: third baseman Nolan Jones (Bensalem, Pa.), catcher Bo Naylor (Mississauga, Ont.) and righthander Lenny Torres (Beacon, N.Y). All five of those players were signed by area scout Mike Kanen, a former Baseball America intern. BA recently spoke with Kanen about his first impressions of those players. The interview is edited for brevity.
Bobby Dickerson was integral in transforming the Padres' infield from error-prone to October-caliber
TRUST THE TOOLS
The minor league season was lost, but dynasty players should keep the faith for these nine prospects
From scouting to player development to analytics to acquisition, the Dodgers cover all the bases as baseball's model franchise.
Andrew Friedman has more money to play with in Los Angeles than he did in Tampa Bay, but his core principles remain unchanged— just like the results
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Cody Decker mashed his way into the hearts of minor league fans
A LASTING LEGACY
All-star player. Decorated manager. Ambassador for the Dominican Republic. Felipe Alou wore many hats, but above all he was a pioneer who helped pave the way for generations of Latino players.
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THE RED SOX SOLD BABE RUTH TO THE YANKEES 100 YEARS AGO THIS MONTH—AND THE ONCE "HOPELESS INCORRIGIBLE" KID FROM BALTIMORE MADE BOTH THE NATIONAL PASTIME AND AMERICA BIGGER AND BETTER.
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Aaron Judge – all 6-foot-7 of him – hasn't yet reached the heights of his ability
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New manager, new routine, new attitude: Yasiel Puig reveals the motivation behind his transformation.
Dodgers look to end 32-year World Series title drought
ARLINGTON (AFP) — The Los Angeles Dodgers, one win away from ending a 32-year World Series title drought, are trying to keep their focus on the nuts and bolts of today's Game 6 against the Tampa Bay Rays.
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ARLINGTON (AFP) — The Los Angels Dodgers shook off a crushing defeat to beat the Tampa Bay Rays 4-2 on Sunday and move within one victory of their first World Series title in 32 years.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Catch leaks and drips from palletized drums and containers to keep the floor below dry and safe.
Sump Capacity per 28.89 gal.
I was very pleased with the service and product I received from New Pig. I ordered two pllet containment trays. They arrived promplty and are heavy gage plastic which I was very pleased to see. Also, the price was very competitive.


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Q: Android google calendar permission issue I am using google-api-client to access Google calendar.
Following are the permissions in my manifest file.
 <uses-permission
  android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
 <uses-permission
  android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
 <uses-permission
  android:name="android.permission.USE_CREDENTIALS" />
 <uses-permission
  android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_ACCOUNTS" />

but I am getting such a warning message on the first run:

The following one or more applications request permission to access your account, now and in the future.

*

*Google
.....@gmail.com

*Google Calendar

Do you want to allow this request?

screenshot:

is there a way to avoid this message?

A: No you cannot avoid this message, this is to let the users know what applications are doing with their data.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


entertainment | Spoken Word Poetry, Art & Haiku in fun mini series…New York City.
Caption: It's all mine, so mind your business, selfish cat.
This entry was posted in blog, Blogging, Comedy, Fiction and tagged Art, blog, blogging, compilation, entertainment, Free Verse, Funny, Meme, Poem, poetry, snapchat, vine, writing on September 11, 2015 by Jixi Fox.
This entry was posted in blog, Poetry and tagged Art, Beyonce, blog, blogger, blogging, books, entertainment, fiction, Inspiration, opinion, Poem, poetry on September 6, 2015 by Jixi Fox.
Caption: When you know you are the coolest guy on the planet.
Caption: When they say something dumb and you like wtf !?!
This entry was posted in blog, Blogging, Comedy, Fiction, Humor and tagged Art, blog, blogging, compilation, entertainment, Free Verse, Funny, Meme, Poem, poetry, snapchat, vine, writing on September 4, 2015 by Jixi Fox.


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AI projects in Europe
Barbara Flückiger
How is Artificial Intelligence Changing Science?
Research in the Era of Learning Algorithms
Image by Sentavio – stock.adobe.com
Prof. Dr. Barbara Flückiger
Department of Film Studies
Affolternstrasse 56
Mail: baflueckiger@gmail.com
2007: Habilitation, venia legendi in film studies, Free University of Berlin, Germany
2001: PhD in film studies, Department of Film Studies, University of Zurich, Switzerland
1995: Master (lic. phil. I), Department of Film Studies, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Research Experience
2019–2023: SNSF Autonomous Film Colors in Animation and Digital Productions. An Intercultural Comparison
2018–2020: ERC Proof of Concept Development of a Multispectral,
Versatile Film Scanner
2018–2020: SNSF Agora Presentation and Visualization of Historical Film Colors
2015–2020: ERC Advanced Grant FilmColors – An Interdisciplinary Approach
2016–2020: SNSF Film Colors. Technologies, Cultures, Institutions
2013–2015: KTI funded research project DIASTOR
2012–2014: SNSF Analog vs. Digital, co-project leader with ZHdK (Prof. Iseli, Leading House) and University of Berne (Dr. David Weibel)
Flückiger, B. (2008). Visual Effects. Filmbilder aus dem Computer. Schueren.
Flückiger, B. (2012a). Material Properties of Historical Film in the Digital Age. Necsus, 1(2).
Flückiger, B. (2012b). Sound Design. Die virtuelle Klangwelt des Films. Schueren.
Flückiger, B. (2017). A Digital Humanities Approach to Film Colors. The Moving Image: The Journal of the Association of Moving Image Archivists, 17(2), 71–94.
Flückiger, B. (2020). Digitale Werkzeuge zur ästhetischen Analyse von Filmfarben. Montage AV, 29(1), 157–172. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-189059
Flückiger, B. (2021). Color and Expressive Movement. A Computer-Assisted Analysis. Mediaesthetics – Journal of Poetics of Audiovisual Images, (4). https://doi.org/10.17169/mae.2021.86
Andreas.Sudmann@sprachlit.uni-regensburg.de
Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg


text:
Le 16 mars 2022, une attaque russe a tué 14 civils à Tchernihiv, en Ukraine, qui faisaient la queue pour du pain.

Contexte
La ville ukrainienne de Tchernihiv a vu des attaques des forces russes depuis le 24 février 2022, le jour où l'invasion de l'Ukraine a commencé. Les batailles de Tchernihiv ont causé de lourdes pertes civiles. Le 3 mars, la ville subit un attentat qui tua 47 personnes. Le russe major général Andrey Sukhovetsky, alors commandant adjoint de la 41e armée, a été tué le 4 mars, le lendemain du bombardement, devenant le premier général russe à mourir lors de l'invasion russe 2022. Le 10 mars, la ville est entrée en bataille qui a duré jusqu'au 31 mars, lorsque les forces ukrainiennes ont réussi à annuler l'encerclement de la ville.

Alors que les combats se poursuivaient, plus de civils sont morts à Tchernihiv. Le 16 mars, le gouverneur de l'oblast de Tchernihiv Vyacheslav Chaus a rapporté que les attaques russes contre Tchernihiv ce seul jour avaient tué un total de 53 personnes.

Attaque
L'événement a été signalé par Chaus ainsi que l'Ambassade des États-Unis à Kiev. À la télévision ukrainienne, Chaus a déclaré que l'attaque, qu'il a décrite comme un bombardement, n'était "pas la première coquille de ce type, pas plus que le premier bombardement des civils par l'ennemi". L'ambassade des États-Unis a rapporté que les personnes avaient été « abattues et tuées ». 14 personnes ont été signalées mortes par Ukrinform. L'incident s'est produit vers 10h00 UTC+3. Les victimes de l'incident ont été tuées à la suite d'un coup de feu de artillerie lourde. Ces civils n'étaient pas armés et certains d'entre eux ont survécu au bombardement ; ils ont été emmenés dans des installations médicales par la police de Tchernihiv.

James Whitney Hill, un citoyen américain de 67 ans originaire du Minnesota, a été tué dans l'attaque. La police de patrouille de Tchernihiv et le département d'État américain ont confirmé la mort d'un citoyen américain. James, connu sur les réseaux sociaux sous le nom de "Jimmy Hill", était un enseignant en anglais et a refusé de quitter l'Ukraine lorsque la guerre a commencé, il a fourni des soins à son partenaire Iryna, un citoyen ukrainien.

Réactions
Environ quatre heures après l'incident, le bureau du procureur régional de Chernihiv a déposé une affaire juridique concernant l'attaque. La branche oblast de Chernihiv de la Service de sécurité d'Ukraine a également lancé une enquête.

Voir aussi
 Bombardements de Tchernihiv du 3 mars 2022
 Crimes de guerre lors de l'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie en 2022

Références

Tchernihiv
2022 en Ukraine
Mars 2022
Tchernihiv

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Trust and Pixie Dust: An HR Exec's Disney Dream
By Jen Colletta
Photo by Jessica Sterling
Jayne Parker never intended to have a decades-long tenure working with the Walt Disney Co.
In the late 1980s, Parker was building a career as a consultant in organizational development and structural design when a headhunter came calling to recruit her for a "large entertainment company in Central Florida." A native Floridian, she knew what that meant.
Parker joined Disney in 1988, tasked with leading training programs that shared with corporate leaders Disney's secrets to success for people management and guest services–which ultimately laid the groundwork for the creation of the company's Disney Institute. Two years later, she was asked to develop a global-leadership program.
"Every couple of years," Parker says, "I was tapped on the shoulder by someone who said, 'We'd like you to go do this.' I was having a lot of fun, and I gained so much admiration and respect for the brand–who we are, what we do and how we do it."
Before she knew it, Parker had spent 20 years in the company's theme parks and resorts unit, holding titles such as director and vice president of organization improvement and head of HR for the division. In 2009, she was given her biggest assignment yet: executive vice president and CHRO for the entire Walt Disney Co. (Disney ranked 33rd on the 2019 Nation's 100 Largest Employers list.)
The internal mobility and deep alignment with the company values that Parker herself experienced are among the priorities Disney has for its entire 200,000-strong employee population, a workforce that has seen tremendous changes in recent years. With a new CEO in the forecast a few years down the line and the company about to complete its largest acquisition to date, the pace of transformation doesn't appear to be letting up.
"This is a place where our HR leaders are getting to do work in the next few years that is truly once-in-a-lifetime," says Parker.
Ongoing Evolutions
How Disney's HR team tackles future change is largely predicated on an internal change that was ushered in just over five years ago. Prior to that time, HR operations were segmented by Disney's business units–a format that often led to overlap.
For instance, HR representatives from the theme-park division would be at the same MBA-recruiting event as HR professionals from other Disney units, like Walt Disney Studios and ESPN.
"We were competing with ourselves," she says. "We had to present Disney as one company with many opportunities in order for graduates to understand that they can have a very interesting and varied career path at the Walt Disney Co."
In 2013, Disney launched its Centers of Excellence, covering seven HR focuses, ranging from talent acquisition to diversity. In what became known as the AND Model, each head of HR would maintain his or her position while also taking the helm of a Center of Excellence.
Since her background included time as a head of HR for a business unit, Parker says, she had the unique perspective of being able to understand the individualized HR needs of the units. The day-to-day of overseeing the 100,000-plus mostly frontline and largely unionized workers in the theme parks and resorts, for instance, differed drastically from the HR needs of the company's studio division. However, commonalities also existed, and leadership had to carefully consider both during the centralization.
Talent acquisition is one area that has seen significant impacts from the shift. The talent-acquisition center offers recruiting support across all divisions, while a single technology platform was designed to facilitate online applications companywide–demonstrating brand continuity and showing candidates the opportunities for internal mobility, while streamlining processes internally.
"We had different talent-acquisition practices [among the business units]," Parker says. "Now, we work from common platforms and, whether you work in the Center of Excellence or in a business segment, you have access to the same information and the same candidates, which has really helped us."
Being able to continuously evolve has been key–Parker notes there have barely been six months without a change to at least one of the centers. More than five years removed from the centralization, she adds, heads of HR at the business units are more often suggesting things they think can be done commonly, bringing more into the fold of the Centers of Excellence.
The collaboration demonstrated through the development of the COE model mirrors that of another recent evolution: a strategic reorganization of the business units announced in March 2018. The new format consolidated direct-to-consumer services, technology and international media operations into a single, worldwide business, into which elements of media networks and studio entertainment also moved. Meanwhile, parks and resorts and consumer-products operations also combined.
The concept was conceived by CEO Bob Iger, who worked with the executive team to refine it. When the move was unveiled, Iger said in a press statement that the effort aimed to strategically position "our businesses for the future, creating a more effective global framework to serve consumers worldwide, increase growth and maximize shareholder value."
Shortly after announcing the reorganization, Iger attended a town hall Parker was hosting, answering questions from global HR employees.
"[Iger] wanted the whole HR team worldwide to hear from the CEO about his hopes, his dreams and his objectives for the reorganization," Parker says. "Every single person in the company was in some way impacted by this organizational change so, in order for it to be successful, we felt we needed everyone at Disney to understand why this change was necessary and how it impacted them."
Change management is nothing new for a company that has undergone as many transitions as Disney. However, Bill Capodagli, management consultant and author of The Disney Way: Harnessing the Management Secrets of Disney in Your Company, observes there are certain core values that have always driven the organization's work.
In particular, he says, the organization has upheld "the underlying values that Walt instilled in his company decades ago–innovation, quality, storytelling, mutual respect and trust. I tell my clients that, when values are deeply rooted in a company, they rarely change; in fact, the organization changes in order to protect their values."
Investing in Employees
That idea is evinced through a highly impactful employee benefit that launched last year.
In August, the company announced the creation of Disney Aspire, a groundbreaking education-assistance program open to its 80,000 hourly workers. Employees can access a wide range of degrees and certifications–all cost-free. With a $150 million investment in the program's first five years, Disney is paying all tuition upfront and reimbursing employees for books and other fees. The educational programs, offered at a vast network of schools in both online and in-class formats, do not need to relate to employees' current work at Disney.
Conceived by HR–and quickly approved by Iger, who proposed doubling its initial budget–Disney Aspire was developed with a long-range focus for employees, Parker says.
"In reality, all of those 80,000 people are not always going to work for the Walt Disney Co., so we can have a higher purpose–equipping our employees to be successful and helping them create the futures they want," she says.
Disney partnered with Guild Education to design and operate the program. Guild CEO Rachel Carlson says, compared to some companies the organization works with, which may only have a handful of key job titles, Disney's hundreds of positions posed a unique but exciting challenge, as they sought to create opportunities to suit a range of interests at all education levels.
"That meant we had to work together as a team to think about the diverse needs of that broad employee base," Carlson says. The depth and breadth of the employee population is among the reasons Disney Aspire is so comprehensive–employees can pursue college and post-grad degrees, GED, vocational training, English-language learning and more.
To help students navigate the complexities of returning to school, Guild offers personalized coaching throughout the journey–from selecting a school and program to filing the application all the way through to degree completion.
"We believe our coaching model is paramount to the success" of participants, Carlson says.
In rolling out the program, Parker fielded many questions from employees who thought the initiative was too good to be true. Once those notions were dispelled, she says, she spent many an evening reviewing reports that contained firsthand reactions from workers about Disney Aspire, which she described as an emotional experience.
"I'm so proud of the impact this is having–not necessarily the impact it will have on the company, but it's the impact this will have on our employees' lives," Parker says.
Since Disney Aspire launched, more than 23,000 eligible employees have created accounts, expressing interest in taking advantage of the program.
The first employee to enroll recently completed a trade certification, and students have applied to and enrolled in the entire span of program offerings. On the college level, there has been strong participation in courses focused on organizational leadership, cybersecurity, business, communications and finance.
Carlson says the early indicators are "tremendous."
"We've seen unmatched enthusiasm amongst Disney employees for this program," she says. "We'll know we're successful as we start to see graduates earn diplomas and channel their learning into career advancement and increased economic opportunity–at Disney or beyond."
Capodagli says he advises clients that they can't attain Disney-caliber customer service–it consistently ranks at the top of global lists for corporate reputation–without employee satisfaction. And one of the best ways to achieve that is by providing ongoing learning opportunities.
"If you watch a group of 3- or 4-year-olds on the playground, their joy and excitement for discovering new things is contagious," he says. "In the adult world of work, continuous learning experiences can serve to rekindle the exuberance of youth."
Education is also at the heart of another Disney initiative, CODE: Rosie–which stands for Creating Opportunities for Diverse Engineers and is a reference to World War II icon Rosie the Riveter. Launched in 2016, the program teaches women across the company how to code, with no tech background needed. Participants undergo three months of education and then a year of real-world experience. The company holds the participants' jobs for them in case they want to return after completing the program, though most decide to funnel into coding jobs at Disney, Parker says.
Twelve women participated in the pilot and 20 are enrolled in the second round, which kicked off in April.
"People can see a bright future for themselves, and that's because of their relationship with the Walt Disney Co.," Parker adds. "That's what's made this possible."
The focus on diversity embedded in CODE: Rosie will continue to be at the heart of Disney's work in the coming years, Parker says.
"In order for us be successful, we believe our employees have to reflect the audiences we're here to serve, and our audiences are very diverse," she says.
To that end, Parker helped the company achieve gender equality in its global workforce and appointed the company's first chief diversity officer in 2011. The HR centralization, she adds, also has helped the company focus on diversity in its hiring practices, as applicant data are more readily available across the company.
Developing diverse leaders from within the ranks has also been a priority, with a range of mentorship and development programs targeting high-potentials for executive leadership.
On the leadership front, the company is facing a significant shift as it prepares for the 2021 retirement of Iger, CEO since 2005.
Though Parker didn't share details of a timeline for identifying Iger's successor, she cites the importance of the company's leadership-development focus and its culture that encourages talent movement.
"One of Disney's strengths is growing talent and helping people see their career opportunities across divisions," Parker says. "Employees can make a career that encompasses incredibly different experiences, which is motivating developmentally and is also the greatest form of stability for future succession-planning."
Capodagli predicts a leader with a long-range focus similar to Iger's would be critical to continuity.
"The biggest unknown," he adds, "is whether or not Bob's successor will follow in his footsteps as a long-term strategist and values-driven leader."
Another change coming down the pike is Disney's acquisition of 21st Century Fox. The deal was inked last summer and received EU regulatory approval in the fall, at which time Iger said he was optimistic it will close before June 2019. It's the largest acquisition yet for Disney, which already has a string of major acquisitions under its belt: Marvel, Lucasfilm and BAMTECH Media, among many others.
"We're a company where the idea of looking to expand opportunities for growth through acquisitions is just part of our DNA," Parker says. "We have created an expertise in HR of working through what happens pre-announcement of an acquisition, after the announcement and–maybe most important–have developed expertise in the integration work that's required after the close of these acquisitions."
Parker says such work requires a deep understanding of the business rationale for the acquisition, one that acknowledges it's not just motivated by intellectual property.
"We have to make sure we study the companies we're acquiring and appreciate what's made them so successful," she says. "In doing so, we can understand what they've done better than we have, learn from their strengths and apply that to our businesses."
Steering the Disney workforce through to the other side of the acquisition will be among the tasks facing HR in the coming years. Navigating a rapidly shifting marketplace–for instance, Disney is gearing up for the launch of its own streaming service later this year–will also take center stage, Parker says.
"How and where consumers and viewers want to be entertained is changing, and that's an opportunity for us in HR to help our business executives make those shifts, to make sure we're the best competitor in a changing landscape," Parker says, noting that, with 30 years at Disney now in the rearview mirror, her experience has shown her that the greatest challenges she faced in her roles have also been the most fulfilling experiences. "I've had a chance to do the work I've dreamed of doing."
Employee BenefitsLeadershipTalent ManagementTop Stories
Jen Colletta
Jen Colletta is managing editor at HRE. She earned bachelor's and master's degrees in writing from La Salle University in Philadelphia and spent 10 years as a newspaper reporter and editor before joining HRE. She can be reached at hreletters@lrp.com.


Home > Link, SQL	> BISQL # 71 – SQL Server 2012 #1– Download now – Release Candidate 0 !! Useful links and some details !!
SQL Server 2012 Release Candidate 0 is ready for download.
BISQL # 51 : SQL Server Denali Feature # 2 – Sequence number Explanation !!
SQL Server 2012 RC0 enables a cloud-ready information platform that will help organizations unlock breakthrough insights across the organization as well as quickly build solutions and extend data across on-premises and public cloud backed by capabilities for mission critical confidence.
Hope you like it and enjoy learning !!
Hope you will like this Release Candidate 0 !! Useful links and some details post !!!!
Thanks for posting these links, they look very useful! I'm a fan of SQL server and can't wait to start using SQL Server 2012.
Yes Justin me too .. I have also downloade RC0.. Hope u will also enjoy this new version !!
Thanx for giving time and commenting u r great blogger dear !!
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BISQL # 72 – Laymen to SQL Developer # 3 – Assignment #1 – Part #2 – Why DBMS or What are Limitations of file processing systems BISQL # 70 – Laymen to SQL Developer # 2 – Assignment #1 – Part #1–Introduction to Data and database Why Database exist ?


The problem was pretty… baffling, there was a plugin conflict that prevent me to log in to the admin area.
I think login to the admin area should be one of those things that you should be able to do no matter if there is a plugin error, and those errors which should not be able to 'crash' the site in any way.
Go to your wordpress installation, more precisely to the wp-content folder.
Login to your wordpress wp-admin area.
If you were able to login, then go to the plugins area, you'll see a bunch of notifications about every plugin that was active now is deactivated because the lack of the files.
Now move/rename the plugins.bkp folder back to 'plugins'.
Iterate over every plugin, one by one, until you discover the one that is in conflict.
You'll know that something is wrong with the plugin activation, in my case there was an "Are you sure?" question page, and after hitting "YES" the plugin was not activated, I had to repeat the steps 3-7 and avoid that last plugin (one before the one that raised the "Are you sure?" question.
I hope this works for you and saves you some hair and time.


text:
News & Opinion » News
Teachers may take over some schools in Rochester
by Tim Louis Macaluso
Rochester schools Superintendent Bolgen Vargas has asked the Rochester Teachers Association to present plans for schools to be run by teachers instead of central office administration and principals.
Any proposals for teacher-led schools would be part of the administration's new contract negotiations, which have just started, RTA President Adam Urbanski told about 200 teachers at a meeting on Monday afternoon. The district could convert one to six schools into teacher-led schools.
Adam Urbanski.
"We have tried everything else [to improve city schools]," Urbanski said. "I think it would be a sin of omission to not try it."
The teachers listened to a presentation by Kim Farris-Berg, co-author of "Trusting Teachers with School Success: What Happens When Teachers Call the Shots."
Farris-Berg said that there are nearly 70 teacher-led schools throughout the United States in urban, suburban, rural, and charter school settings. Some have unions and some don't. After a close examination of 11 teacher-led schools, Farris-Berg and her co-author found that autonomy can lead to greater accountability, Farris-Berg said.
"The trend has been to get tough with teachers and blame teachers for poor outcomes," she said. "But what if teachers were trusted instead of controlled? When teachers are in a position of authority to make decisions, what you get is an emulation of successfully run, high-performing organizations."
Though teacher-led schools vary in their degree of autonomy, some commonalities include the ability to hire and terminate, set salaries and benefits, establish leadership roles, and set policies for their schools -- such as student discipline.
Some of the outcomes from teacher-led schools are more individualized student learning, broader use of assessment tools, and greater collaboration between teachers and students, Farris-Berg said.
She said that teacher-led schools are not a panacea. But teachers in these schools are pioneers of a movement that contrasts sharply with current education trends, she said.
Deborah Meier, senior scholar at New York University and author of "In Schools We Trust," will work with teachers and schools interested in developing a proposal for teacher-led schools in Rochester.
News Rochester school district Rochester Teachers Association Adam Urbanski


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text:
Home » Past Course Guides » Camden Courses – Fall 2015
Camden Courses – Fall 2015
56:606:521:01 European Art 1780-1880
Cross Listed: 50:082:340:01
Prerequisite: 50:082:101 or 102 or 103 or permission of instructor
M 1:20 pm – 4:10 pm
Location: ATG-218
Instructor: Professor Pilliod
Description: Considers the development of European art from neoclassicism through Post-impressionism in France, England, Germany, and other countries.
56:606:610:01 Literature of Childhood
M 6 pm – 8:40 pm
Instructor: Professor Singley
Description: A study of classic and contemporary literature read and enjoyed by children and adolescents, including fairy tales, folklore, fantasy, picture books, chapter books, the adolescent novel, and poetry.
56:606:609:01 Contemporary Art
Prerequisites: 50:082:101 or 102, or 103 or permission of instructor
T/TH 1:30 pm – 2:50 pm
Location: FA-227
Instructor: Professor Rosenberg
Description: Art in America and Europe 1940 to 1980. Includes discussion of Surrealist, Abstract Expressionist, Minimalist, Pop, Op, and Conceptual Art, Happenings, and site-specific and direct metal sculpture.
56:606:511:01 Roman Art
T 6 pm – 8:40 pm
Instructor: Professor Fitter
Course Description: The course description will be updated when it becomes available.
Cultural & Criticism
56:606:501:01 Studies in the Ancient and Medieval Eras
Prerequisite: 50:082:101 or 103 or permission of instructor
T/Th 4:30 pm-5:50 pm
Instructor: Professor Rodriguez
Description: Art of the Middle Ages in Europe from fourth to fourteenth centuries. Includes examination of the art of the Byzantine, Carolingian, Ottonian, Romanesque, and Gothic periods.
56:606:631:01 Structure of the English Language
W 6 pm – 8:40 pm
Instructor: Professor Epstein
Description: Just the mention of grammar makes most people nervous, and it makes English majors very nervous. Most English majors harbor that darkest of secrets: they don't know grammar. Worse, English majors know that they are expected to be expert grammarians, ready and able to diagram a sentence or name the parts of speech of a sentence at the drop of someone else's hat. If you suffer from grammar guilt (or even if you don't), this course is for you. You will not be expected to pretend to know what you don't, nor will you be humiliated or embarrassed by any lack of knowledge. Instead, we will see how intricate and interesting the grammar of English really is, and that learning grammar needn't be a frightening experience. We will take a linguistic approach to grammar– we will systematically examine how language works, how to take it apart and how to put it back together. In particular, we will focus on the structure of the sounds (phonology), the words (morphology) and the sentences (syntax) of American English, as well as the meaning of it all (semantics). We will also see how the application of grammatical concepts can help us better understand both ordinary speech and the language of literary texts. And, last but not least, we will discuss how our (lack of) knowledge of the principles of grammar contributes greatly towards the existence of dialect discrimination in American society.
Course requirements: The final grade will be based on quizzes and a final paper.
Age of Revolutions
56:606:522:01 Colloquium in Early America, 1763 – 1820
Location: 429 Cooper Street, second floor conference room
Instructor: Professor Shankman
Description: This graduate research colloquium is open to any graduate student who has completed either History 505, Readings in American History 1763-1820 or History 506, Readings U.S. 1820-1898. Students will spend the semester researching and writing a research paper of between 30 and 40 pages treating some aspect of the period of the readings course they completed.
Historical Analysis
56:606:671:01 Writing Publicly
TH 5 pm – 7:40 pm
Location: Class will meet in the History first floor conference room, 427/429 cooper street)
Professor Woloson
Description: This course will involve historical research leading to written assignments aimed at the public in order for students to develop a portfolio of writing for various public and professional audiences. The emphasis of this course is on skills in writing, editing, and historical research. Examples of this kind of work include blog posts, museum exhibit text panels, online exhibits, docent materials, articles for professional public history journals, encyclopedia entries, annual reports, newsletters, and press releases.
56:606:672:01 Public Digital History
Instructor: Professor Mires
Description: Historians play a vital role in creating an engaged and informed citizenry. This seminar provides an in-depth examination of the opportunities, issues, and controversies that arise for historians and the public in settings such as historic sites, museums, and archives, and in the digital realm. The seminar also serves as an introduction to research in public history, a field of scholarship with local, national, and global dimensions.
56:606:673:01 Literary Cultures of Childhood
Instructor: Professor Vallone
Description: This course examines changing concepts of childhood as reflected in a range of literary and cultural texts from a variety of cultures and periods. We consider the representations of children and childhood throughout literature and culture; the impact of the concept of childhood on intellectual and aesthetic traditions; the role of childhood in imagination and memory as well as in actuality; and the notion of childhood as a discursive category useful for understanding human subjectivity and the human condition.
56:606:641:01 Religion and Democracy
M/W 2:40-4:10 pm
Instructor: Professor Yates
Description: Critical examination of contemporary theories of liberalism and democracy as they relate to the inclusion of religious citizens in political contexts. Topics include the defense of religious freedom and tolerance, the use of religious reasons to justify laws regulating abortion and marriage, and the ideals of mutual respect and understanding in pluralistic political societies.
56:606:642:01 Race, Politics, and Religion
M/W/F 10:10 a.m – 11:05 a.m.
Instructor: Professor Miller
Description: This course examines how religion shaped the political and racial priorities of American History. Topics include the role and definition of civil religion, the struggle George Washington had with defining the role of religion in a new republic, the impact of slavery, and the social construction of whiteness.
56:606:643:01 Theory of Knowledge
M/Th 11 a.m. – 12:20 p.m.
Instructor: Professor Connolly
Description: An examination of the nature of knowledge, as well as the possibilities and limitations on obtaining it. Topics of study include truth, justification, rationality, and skepticism. Satisfies requirement in metaphysics/epistemology for Philosophy Major and Minor. Formerly 50:730:412.
56:606:621:01 Dystopian Government in Futuristic Fiction
M/W 6 pm – 7:20 pm
Instructor: Professor Shames
Description: Using the lens of futuristic fiction like 1984, Brave New World, Brazil, Wall-E, Handmaid's Tale, and Blade Runner, supplemented with democratic and political theory from Aristotle, Machiavelli, Arendt, Mansbridge, Rawls, and Foucault, this course examines what makes for "good" versus "bad" government. What are the proper limits of governmental surveillance and authority? Who should decide what government does, and how it does it? How intertwined, if at all, should government be with the economy? With religion?
56:606:623:01 Civil Liberities in Times of Emergencies
Instructor: Professor Tarr
Description: This course examines the effect of war and other national emergencies on the protection of individual rights and the balance that should be struck between national security and individual liberties. Although the course focuses primarily on national emergencies throughout American history, it will also examine how other countries have sought to strike the balance between national security and liberty.
Human Freedoms and the Constitution
56:606:624:01
Description: The Constitution and basic civil liberties issues. Analysis of Supreme Court decisions dealing with freedom of speech and press, rights of defendants, freedom of religion, discrimination and equality, and the right to privacy.
56:606:625:01 International Negotiations
Instructor: Professor Chevrier
Description: Course description will be updated as they become available.
Studies in Psychology
56:606::652:90 Parenting
Instructor: Professor Meier
Description: This course will explore psychological ideas and research relevant to parenting. Students will learn about different theories and applications in the field of parenting psychology and they will examine the roles of parents and caregivers on the growth and development of their children. Psychological constructs such as learning, motivation, cognitive processes and social construction will serve as basis to understand contemporary parenting practices. Students will have the opportunity to discuss current issues that impact parenting and they will examine different types of contemporary families. The course will be framed by "My Virtual Child" – an online tool through which a student will become a parent and raise his or her own child throughout the semester
Studies of the 20th Century
56:606:531:01 Twentieth-Century American Fiction
Instructor: Professor Barbarese
Description: Novels and short fiction from a range of authors, beginning with James and including Wharton, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Nabokov, Mailer, O'Connor, Capote, Pynchon, Barthelme, Roth, Morrison, Cheever, DeLillo and McCarthy. The course will investigate the paths American fiction, from Modernism through Post-Modernism, has pursued since Daisy Miller, in particular the American emphasis on the novel as historiography. Two to three short papers and a seminar report.
56:606:542:01 Women in Revolution
Instructor: Professor Bernstein
Description: In this course, we shall examine women's roles in modern European history to discover how concepts of gender have affected our understanding of Europe's past and influenced the fates of European women and men. Although we begin by looking at women in pre-industrial Europe, our focus will be on the ways that liberalism, feminism, industrialization, socialism, and urbanization contributed to the transformation of European society, and on how women went from chattels to citizens.
56:606:689:01 Capstone Research
Independent study of special interest to the student, under supervision of an advisor chosen by the student in consultation with the program director Professor Charme.
Research in Liberal Studies
See Professor Charme
Continuous registration may be accomplished by enrolling for at least three credits in standard course offerings, including 56:606:800:01 research courses, or by enrolling in this course for 0 credits. Students actively engaged in study toward their degree who are using university facilities and faculty time are expected to enroll for the appropriate credits.
This page was printed from http://mals.camden.rutgers.edu/course-guides/camden-fall-2015/ at 7:00 AM Wednesday, January 22, 2020.


A Men's Guide To Dressing Up For Wedding?
Weddings can be tough to dress up for. But for men, at least one thing is sorted. You just need to suit up well because suits are the perfect attire for any wedding. Sure you can go ahead and play around with the look and feel of the suit by trying on different fabrics and colors. Not only that, you can experiment with how you pair your shirt and tie with your suit.
In fact, just one classy suit is good to go. You can just mix and match it different things to come up best looks for a wedding.
Suiting up for a wedding is hence not the easiest affair. So here are a few looks and ideas that we have for you to help you get sorted.
Before we go ahead, here are a few style tips that you should keep in mind while dressing yourself for a wedding.
Weddings are the time where you want to look your best and extremely sharp so you don't want your shirt to require tucking in every now and then. Hence, use a pair of Tucked Trunks to keep your shirt neatly tucked in all through the occasion and to avoid the unnecessary hassles.
The main reason why it is good to wear a suit is that is a traditional option. While there are ways you can experiment with your suit to add that extra dash of style, you are better off with a suit rather than going with anything too funky or fashionable that makes you stand out but not in the best way.
For situations like weddings, you are better overdressed than under dressed. You don't want to be that person who seems like he is trying to look casual. Weddings are not the time to go casual and if you under dress, it might even seem disrespectful. So just a plain shirt and tie is not the best option. You can definitely do better than that.
It's always better to be a little overdressed, especially at occasions like this, then under dressed. The real benefit to that is if you get there and nobody else is wearing a tie, nobody else is wearing a blazer, guess what? You just take it off, leave it in the car, set it on the chair, and you're comfortable and you're with everybody else.
Take out time to find actually what you would like to wear. There are some who might disagree but there is something amazing about actually owning what you wear and about having actually made to your fit. Because weddings are about grandeur and class, don't compromise on style. Plan your outfit in advance and own your look.
Some people want to get rid of their heavy tux or coats as soon as they enter the event but that defeats the entire motive behind dressing up. So you might want to choose fabric that doesn't make you so warm or uncomfortable that you can't stand it for the entire event. Whatever you aim to wear, make sure it's a good match according to the weather.
If it is hot, you might want to wear a linen or a cotton blazer. Believe me, there are stylish looks for all weather and season.
Denim is officially the worst outfit to wear at the wedding. So don't make the mistake of picking it up with a blazer hoping that the blazer will compensate for the look because believe me, it won't. You might just end up looking fairly odd so just stick to a classy pair of pants and don't even think about wearing jeans.
Though there are a few looks that go well for a day as well as an evening event, but unless you have smartly picked such a look it might be a good idea to wear the same thing throughout the time. Pick wisely for the day as well as the evening looks. You can sport prints and patterns and even go for lighter shades when creating your look for day event but for evening wear stick to solids and pick up royal colours usually on the darker tone.
The importance of a tie can not be discounted upon when dressing for a wedding. A good tie is the one that makes a good style statement and blends well with your overall look.
While there are a lot of options available ranging from solid colors, patterns, and shiny, a new range of wedding ties and luxury ties are gaining popularity because they are stylish and best suited for such occasions.
The tie is a good way to experiment and have fun with your looks. For instance, you could even sport a bow tie that will help you stand out in the most classy and stylish manner.
Generally, tans, light grays, pastel, or bright colors even, greens, blues, reds, all that stuff is great for spring, summer, daytime. Fall, winter, and nighttime are similar too, so I think dark colors, more heavily saturated, there's navy, black, dark gray, that sort of thing.
Keep that in mind while creating your look as that will make a lot of difference.
It's said that the right attitude to wear for the wedding is that of servanthood and honor. When you're going to a wedding, probably the most important thing you can put on is an attitude of honor, respect, and being able to serve the family and the bride and groom who are there. That's your job as an attendant to the wedding. That's probably the most important you can do if you go in with that attitude.
With these cool tips, we also want to suggest to you some amazing wedding looks curated by fashion experts. You might want to have a look at them to get some ideas about how to dress up well for that upcoming wedding.


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Sweeping success at the Chemistry Olympiad
TWELVE young chemists have been awarded certificates in the International Chemistry Olympiad – a challenging examination-based competition for top-performing A Level chemistry students.
Organised by the Royal Society of Chemistry, the Olympiad tests candidates' chemical knowledge and is designed to stimulate debate and raise further awareness of the subject. Gold, silver and bronze certificates are awarded to the highest achievers.
Head of Chemistry at King's Ely, Dr Wendy Pitt, said: "In the previous two years, the school has entered three students into the competition. This year, however, 12 of our Year 13 chemistry students volunteered to have a go. They were among the 4,574 students from the UK who took part. All 12 from King's Ely gained certificates, which is an outstanding achievement in the history of chemistry at the school."
Head of King's Ely, Sue Freestone, who presented the students with their certificates at assembly yesterday (1), said: "Chemistry is one of King's Ely's unsung strengths. The work our students do is vibrant and challenging and it's great for them to have some kind of outward recognition of what they achieve.
"The Chemistry Network, funded by the Government's Independent State School Partnership programme, also enables us to work with other local schools to encourage children to raise their achievement levels and aspirations for the future."


Sounds like an experience. Funny how often free tools help people wipe-up the mess a paid for software makes.
I was curious what Ghost version you're using. The version I'm using (v7.5) doesn't seem to like a couple SATA drives I've played with on my pc, but works like a charm on the one in my laptop.
Do you make bootable DVD backups too? I've been getting into that these days. Using Winimage/UltraISO.
Ghost has been a life saver.


A while back, there was a Triple Triad site called TripleTriadX. They were the second of the browser-based (rather than client-based) Triple Triad sites, and they represented my peak interest in Triple Triad. I was very much into this game.
They were the first of the browser-based sites to add cards that were not from the original deck from Final Fantasy VIII. One such deck was based on Final Fantasy Tactics.
One of the main reasons that I can't move things around is that I haven't actually played FFT. It was not initially released in the UK and by the time it was available I just did not care any more. I'd kind of moved past Final Fantasy. I've been back into the series recently so I might give this a go on Steam. The art available for this game is also quite limited, so the cards are a bit rough looking, but I'm happy that I've put them together as well as I can.


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by Michael Santo — Monday, August 02, 2010, 12:19 AM EDT
UAE, Saudi Arabia Look to Ban Some BlackBerry Services
Both the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia are set to ban some functions of BlackBerry devices used in their countries. At issue is the inability of both countries to easily monitor data traveling via various features on the phone.
BlackBerry data, unlike that of most phones, is both encrypts its data and routes it through an overseas data center, in this case, RIM's network center in Canada. The UAE says that because of this, it will block emails, Internet access, and instant messaging to other Blackberry handsets.
Negotiations with the UAE fell apart when the suggestion of a proxy server in the UAE was rejected by RIM. The UAE ban is set to begin in October. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia has ordered telecommunications firms to block BlackBerry instant messaging services later this month.
In both cases, the nations said it was necessary for security and anti-terrorism purposes. Additionally, it was said that by failing to resolve the issues, RIM was in non-compliance with local laws.
Recently, India has made similar statements about BlackBerry services, and wants the same sort of proxy server setup that UAE had requested.
Tags: BlackBerry, RIM, canada
Via: BBC


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Sony's E3 2018: Last of Us 2, Death Stranding, Kingdom Hearts 3, and More
Sony, as the reigning champ of this console generation, has both more and less to prove at a show like E3 than companies like Microsoft. Less because, on the one hand, things are going really well for Sony. It continues to decisively outsell the Xbox One and faces no serious threat that Nintendo's Switch could outsell its flagship console during its first three years on the market. More, because as the flagship leader, it's also the company that Nintendo and Microsoft would collectively love to take down at a show like this. But Sony's E3 show made it clear just how tricky that effort will be. The show didn't start with a bang. It started with a kiss.
The trailer for The Last of Us 2 is over 10 minutes long and contains some substantial gameplay footage. But what it'll be remembered for, even if the final game craps gold doubloons, is an amazing kiss between The Last of Us' Ellie and her girlfriend. Historically, video game engines are anything but good at intimate emotional rendering. Dragon Age: Origins was an amazing game, but watching my dead-eyed protagonist wrap his meat-flipper hands around my romantic partner was about as much of a turn-on as a nude version of The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour. Progress on this front has been slow, to say the least. Characters who can slaughter a room full of bad guys in an aerial ballet of murder suddenly become paper cutouts when asked to emote something subtle and dramatic, almost certainly because the difficulty of climbing out of the Uncanny Valley goes stratospheric when the camera cuts to a close-up of 1-2 people and explicitly invites you to pay attention to subtleties of facial expression. The entire TLOU 2 trailer is good, but the kiss itself at ~3:28 below, is extraordinary.
Ghosts of Tsushima
Not a game I've heard of before, but an open-world samurai game set in 1274. It's built by Sucker Punch Studios, with a gorgeous engine and stylized combat reminiscent of something out of Assassin's Creed. Supposedly there'll also be some stealth mechanics, though combat is more of a focus here.
I don't really know what to say about Kingdom Hearts, because this demo video seems to require you to already understand the game series' nearly incomprehensible plot lines to have much to say about it. It looks gorgeous, the voice acting seems iffy, and the game is expected to launch on January 29, 2019.
Death Stranding is the first game released by legendary director Hideo Kojima since he and Konami parted ways. If you've ever wanted to see Norman Reedus stalk across huge, empty landscapes with a baby in some kind of suspended animation on his back, then this is the game for you.
Other major titles announced this year at E3 include a Resident Evil 2 remake, a VR game from From Software, a Nioh sequel, and a new Spider-Man game. I've seen some good feedback on this last title from several outlets that got a chance to play with it, so hopefully the final product lives up to the hype. A number of the games Sony showed this year appear to be taking some chances, with unusual story lines or ideas. Or maybe that's just Kojima and Kingdom Hearts being inscrutable.


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During a dark aftertime, a former Hollywood screenwriter retreats to an isolated Maine peninsula
Nothing - phones, cars, planes or life itself - is the same in Jonathan Lethem's latest dystopian tale.
By Michael Berry
Part-time coastal Maine resident Jonathan Lethem captured the shock of Donald Trump's election in his 2017 novel "The Feral Detective." With his new book, "The Arrest," Lethem delivers a similarly timely tale, this time in a post-apocalyptic mode.
Cover courtesy of Ecco
"The Arrest"
By Jonathan Lethem
Ecco; 310 pages; $27.99
Some day, some academic will sit down and catalog the dystopian science fiction novels published during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many of them, of course, will have been written well before the plague first appeared. "The Arrest" doesn't feature deadly viruses, but it illuminates a post-apocalyptic world upended almost overnight, leaving survivors to re-evaluate their lives.
"The Arrest" seems set in the very near future, on an isolated rural peninsula in Maine after a cataclysmic event has wiped out most modern technology. Phones, cars, airplanes, guns, the internet – none of them work any more. People travel by horse or by motorcycles powered by human feces.
The novel's protagonist, Alexander "Sandy" Duplessis, formerly a semi-successful Hollywood screenwriter, now assists the local butcher and delivers packages of meat and produce to the people of Tinderwick and East Tinderwick. Known as "Journeyman," Duplessis doesn't spend a lot of time wondering about the origins of The Arrest, accepting it as "the collapse and partition and relocalization of everything, the familiar world, the world Journeyman had known his whole life."
Everybody else in town is similarly baffled by the origins of the event. "On television, someone said that the turning point had been when in 1986 the president had removed the solar panels from the White House. Then again someone else said the turning point had been when St. Paul's epistle had been delivered to the Romans and ignored. You could debate this (expletive) forever."
While on his rounds one day, Journeyman is hailed by two members of the Cordon, a kind of border patrol/extortion scheme that controls travel across the peninsula. They tell him that a stranger has come to town, asking for Journeyman and his sister Maddy by name. What's more, the interloper is driving an atomic-powered "supercar," christened the Blue Streak.
The driver of the vehicle is Journeyman's long-lost screenwriting partner Peter Todbaum, until recently one of Hollywood's most important producers. A motor-mouth ideas-man, Todbaum has crossed the country all the way from Malibu, enduring thousands of miles of tough terrain and hostile survivors, to be reunited with Journeyman and Maddy, who now runs the organic Spodosol Ridge Farm.
Something happened years ago between Maddy and Todbaum in a Southern California motel room. An assault of some kind seems likely, but Maddy doesn't say and the reader never learns.
When they first met, Maddy gave Todbaum some feedback about a script titled "Yet Another World." Lethem writes, "This was a tale of alternate nightmare Earths. One was their own version of reality, the other an Orwellian techno-dystopia, a kind of cyberpunk extrapolation from the Cold War '50s, when the two worlds had bifurcated."
Does "Yet Another World" have anything to do with the Arrest? As Todbaum worms his way into the community, there are metafictional hints that the story changes depending on how you look at it. As Todbaum says "You got your dystopia in my postapocalypse."
Lethem has always reveled in playing with genre, getting his start as a science fiction novelist with the Phil Dickian "Gun, With Occasional Music" and "Girl in Landscape." Lethem's career took off with "Motherless Brooklyn," a detective story with a protagonist plagued by Tourette's, and his "The Fortress of Solitude" is both a coming-of-age story and a superhero adventure.
In "The Arrest," Lethem expertly plays with the reader's expectations. The narrative mixes elements of the Hollywood novel, the Western and the sci-fi double-feature. Characters name-check other end-of-the-world books and authors: "Earth Abides," "Dr. Bloodmoney," "Station Eleven," "A Canticle for Leibowitz," "Riddley Walker," Vonnegut, Atwood, King…" There are a lot of snicker-worthy jokes and fizzy language.
Journeyman's relationship with Todbaum and various town residents takes some unexpected and elegant turns, especially as Todbaum becomes a more menacing figure. Residents fear the Cordon will come with weapons and reinforcements. Journeyman, as usual, finds himself in the middle of the climatic conflict, unsure what to do next.
Dark as his book sometimes is, Lethem seems to be having a lot of fun with his re-imagined Maine. Offering a ray of hope in its denouement, "The Arrest" is a welcome change of pace after a scary year.
Berkeley writer Michael Berry is a Portsmouth, New Hampshire, native who has contributed to Salon, the San Francisco Chronicle, New Hampshire Magazine, the Los Angeles Review of Books and many other publications. He can be contacted at:
Twitter: mlberry
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The BlueSpiceInsertTemplate extension provides a dialog interface to add and modify templates in edit mode. A preview can be shown.
Download and place the file(s) in a directory called InsertTemplate in your extensions/ folder.
This page was last edited on 22 September 2017, at 11:38.


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"I've done a lot of TV, but not film."
Manny Montana
Manny Montana (born September 26, 1983) is an American actor. He portrayed Johnny Tuturro in USA Network's series Graceland and Rio in NBC's series Good...
Name Manny Montana
Profession Actor
Total 16 Quotes
"You can't always be the jokester and the doormat."
"Honestly, with me, as long as I have a park to play basketball in, I'm pretty cool."
"I grew up a really shy kid, but I always surrounded myself with a lot funny people. It depends on the day - if I feel like being quiet, I will be. I'm not a complete goofball, though."
"I grew up in the hood, and I was raised to hate cops. But then, I started to realize that they're people, and they have lives, too."
"My friends told me that it's the hardest thing to separate the personal life from their work."
"People usually spend the first two months playing themselves up, not really being themselves. You waste those two months - and then they tell you, 'You're not who I was dating the first month!'"
"I'm from Long Beach - not the best area in the world - and I had a lot of ghetto friends growing up."
"I come from an area where it's mostly, like, football and basketball, those are the sports. So my brother started surfing... I used to make fun of him for it, and then he challenged me to do it, and I'm a huge competitor, and I did it ,and I got hooked."
"When you're young, it's all about the society of school and being cool, but they don't understand that somebody can be different and live a different lifestyle and still be a regular person. I was the same way when I was a kid."
"If you're driving, and a cop is behind you, you automatically think they're going to pull you over, but cops have so much more going on than to think about pulling you over. The last thing a real cop wants to do is write a ticket. That's the truth."
"If I was to do anything besides acting, I would be a fireman or a beat cop. I'd do a regular job."
"I'm quiet and introverted, and I like to just be by myself a lot. I like to read and just get away and surf. I have a lot of alone time."
"I'm first generation in the country - my family's Mexican."
"As an actor, you're always worried about getting stuck on a show that's not good because working actors need the paycheck. So being cast on a regular procedural, where everything gets wrapped up by the end of the episode, was always a fear of mine because that doesn't really test you as an actor."
"You remember Donnie Brasco? It's the most notorious undercover movie ever; it's so street and so real. If you ever imagined yourself doing cop work, you imagined yourself getting pushed to that limit - seeing the furthest you can push yourself while still upholding the law."
More Quotes By Actors
Frankie Faison QuotesCam Gigandet QuotesEddie Cibrian QuotesDaniel Dae Kim QuotesMacaulay Culkin QuotesNathan Gamble QuotesScott Wilson QuotesBlair Underwood QuotesRobert Stack QuotesJ. B. Smoove QuotesStephen Baldwin QuotesJason Mantzoukas QuotesAto Essandoh QuotesZach Roerig Quotes


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» ABCC Brexit Update - MPs vote for PM Johnson's Brexit Deal then vote against its timeline - 23 October 2019
ABCC Brexit Update - MPs vote for PM Johnson's Brexit Deal then vote against its timeline - 23 October 2019
For the first time, MPs voted on Tuesday in favour of an EU Withdrawal Deal in the House of Commons. With a majority of 30 (329 to 299), MPs voted to approve the first reading of PM Johnson's 110 page Withdrawal Agreement Bill (WAB). Whilst the Northern Irish Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) voted against, 19 Labour MPs defied their party's whip to vote in favour of Johnson's deal. Johnson had secured the deal with EU leaders last week.
However, in a blow to PM Johnson, MPs then voted with a majority of fourteen to reject the Government's accelerated timetable of three days to pass the WAB to meet the 31 October Brexit deadline. Nine former Conservative MPs, having been thrown out of the party in September, voted to reject the timetable stating that more time was needed to scrutinise the Bill.
Johnson subsequently announced that he would pause the Bill's progression and again push for a General Election to break the parliamentary deadlock.
Johnson said he would speak to EU leaders following the UK's 19 October request to extend the Brexit deadline to 31 January in the absence of a Brexit deal. Speaking in the Commons, however, Johnson maintained his policy of leaving the EU on 31 October.
Responding to the developments in a tweet, European Council President Donald Tusk said he will recommend to EU leaders that they accept the UK's request for an extension to avoid a no-deal Brexit on 31 October. Tusk's tweet also stated that an EU summit would not be required to accomplish this.
Whilst it is likely that the request for an extension would be accepted, it remains unclear how long the EU would grant a further extension to allow the UK to come to a consensus. The October 19 letter, as stipulated under the Benn Act, requests a delay extending to 31 January.
The 19 October or 'Super Saturday' request to extend Brexit was sent to the EU after Parliament voted for the Letwin Amendment. This prohibited PM Johnson from holding a 'meaningful vote' or clean 'yes/no' on his deal and required Parliament to withhold approval until the WAB is passed. This allows for amendments to the Bill.
On Monday 21 October, Speaker of the House of Commons John Bercow ruled against a request from Johnson to hold another 'meaningful vote', leading to yesterday's votes on the WAB.
Commentators now moot the possibility of either a short technical extension from the EU to allow enough time to pass the WAB through the UK Parliament or a 'flextension', whereby a fixed deadline is set (possibly 31 January) but allows the UK to leave earlier if the UK is ready. Once the UK Parliament passes a withdrawal bill, the EU Parliament will also hold a confirmatory vote.
Speaking in the House of Commons, opposition Labour Leader Jeremy Corbyn said that Johnson was "the author of his own misfortune," but offered to discuss a "sensible" timetable for the WAB's scrutiny in Parliament.
Commentators note that whilst Parliament voting in favour of his deal can be seen as a success for Johnson (after three failed attempts to do the same by his predecessor PM Theresa May), it is now highly unlikely that PM Johnson will be able to meet his pledge to deliver Brexit by the 31 October deadline.
Commentators note that following the most recent developments, Johnson's options include:
'taking a political hit' by reneging on his pledge to deliver Brexit by 31 October and accept the need for a short extension to allow time for Parliament to scrutinise the WAB; or
should a delay extend to 31 January, withdraw the WAB and push for an election. Possible General Election dates currently circulating amongst pundits include 28 November, 5 or 12 December. Under the Fixed Terms Parliament Act, two-thirds of the House of Commons must agree to call an early election.
MPs will now return to Parliament today and tomorrow to debate and vote on the contents of the 14 October Queen's Speech - when the Government set out its new legislative programme. If the Government is unable to pass its Queen's Speech (through a potential loss of support from the DUP), it would be the first time a Government has lost a vote on its Queen Speech since 1924.
Pound Sterling slipped against the U.S. Dollar following the outcomes in Parliament, down 0.5% at $1.29.
The ABCC and Brexit
The ABCC will continue to follow these developments closely. We look forward to keeping members up to date with the very latest from London and what it possibly means for the Australian-British business community. Earlier ABCC Brexit updates can be found on the ABCC Blog.
If you would like to receive more frequent Brexit updates or have any questions, please feel free to contact our office on abcc@britishchamber.com.
By Paul O'Hagan, General Manager, Victoria, South Australia & Western Australia


Get a Blackberry Pearl smartphone and a year's unlimited email and internet for only £89. The silver Blackberry Pearl 8110 smartphone on Pay as you go is an excellent deal.
BlackBerry Pearl 8110 smartphone in silver on pay as you go for calls, SMS and MMS. No monthly contracts, just pay once for unlimited email and internet. Includes your favourite social networking and IM applications pre-loaded for a whole year of socialising, blogging and online chatting straight out of the box.
Features of the BlackBerry Pearl 8110 include a 2 megapixel camera with video capture, MP3 music player, Bluetooth, 30 day Telenav GPS trial, pre-loaded applications such as Facebook, MySpace, Flickr and Instant Messenger.
1Gb memory card included. For free e-mail and web access you will need to use the SIM card supplied. Bag it from Woolworths online for £89 only.