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Difference Between Salt And Spices
The phrases "spice" and "seasoning" are frequently used interchangeably among home cooks. When it comes to boosting the flavor of food, salt and spices are used. Most people have been cooking meals without considering the differences between these two and think of salt as a spice. If you are wondering if salt is a spice or not or what is the difference between spices and salt then we have got you covered.
Let's get into the details of salt and spices to help you understand their difference and ultimately how to use them in a better way to reach new levels in your cooking.
Knowing what distinguishes them allows you to use them interchangeably for specific recipes that provide just the appropriate amount of flavor. Let's start with why salt is considered an important part of every cuisine and what salt does to the food.
Why Is Salt Important?
Almost all of us are aware of salt and use it regularly to give flavor to our foods. Salt is a mineral compound of sodium and chloride and is very important for a balanced diet. It aids the body in performing many fundamental activities.
Many foods contain sodium naturally, and a well-balanced diet should be high in minerals and vitamins. The amount of salt we consume from different foods varies based on our unique eating habits, but naturally salt-containing foods account for about 20% of the salt we consume.
For thousands of years, salt has been used to preserve and increase the flavor of foods. Other than that, it is also used as a color control agent while coloring fabric, a binder, a texturizer, and an inhibitor of bacterial growth.
Is Salt Considered A Spice Or Not?
People have been using salt for various purposes for centuries. While using it for cooking, most people consider it a spice which is not true. Salt, in all terms, is not a spice. Salt and spices are different things used for different reasons. Let's see what salt and spices are and how they are different from each other.
Salt and spices are two different ingredients used mostly in cooking. Here we are going to tell you in detail why salt is not spice and the main properties of salt and spices.
Salt is a widely used seasoning and it is not a spice. It is, instead, a natural mineral. It is obtained from mines and evaporated ocean water and is primarily a compound of sodium and chloride. It adds saltiness to foods and brings out the flavor of other ingredients. It falls under the category of seasoning. Salt does not change the actual flavor of your food. Salt enhances the flavor of other ingredients and makes them more refined. The salt powder is also used in recipe mixes and with other herbs.
Other than flavoring meals, salt provides essential sodium to the body. This sodium is required to perform various body functions. Low sodium can cause serious health issues. Salt is an easily accessible source of the recommended amount of sodium. But keep in mind, that excess salt can be harmful.
You will find various types of salts in the market that differ in color and grain texture. Some of the most widely used salts are table salt, pink Himalayan salt, sea salt, kosher salt, black salt, Celtic salt, and Dead Sea salt. The main use of most of the salts is to season the foods. But all these salts also have other uses based on their specific properties. Salt is used for seasoning meals, preserving food, curing meat, pickling, and even drawing hot salt baths, etc.
You will even find culinary products made with Himalayan salt in the market. This salt culinary includes shot glasses, salad bowls, cooking blocks, serving platters, and mortar and pestle. Sea salt is an important ingredient in many skin care products. Dead Sea salt is a popular bath salt.
In contrast to salt, spices such as black pepper, turmeric, and cloves are organic plant-based ingredients that are used to add flavor and aroma to meals. Spices are aromatic substances originating from different parts of the plants like roots, barks, seeds, leaves, and fruits. Some popular spices are black pepper, nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, cumin, dill, vanilla, and turmeric. All these spices have robust flavors and aromas. Spices are mostly used in dried and fresh forms. Spices are used for flavoring, coloring, preserving, and garnishing food.
Many spices have antibacterial qualities, which means they can kill or inhibit microbes from growing. This is why spices are used to preserve food. Spices do not deteriorate or have an expiration date, although they do lose flavor with time. Spices last for a long time if kept in a cold and dry place. That is why storing them in air-tight or sealed jars is recommended.
Instead of using store-bought spices, it's better to grind your own right before using them. When we ground spices using a food processor, they lose their flavor and aroma. You can use a mortar and pestle or a hand grinder to grind the spices. When you grind them using the force of your hands, spices do not lose their actual flavor and aroma.
Spices may add flavor and aroma to your cuisine while being more beneficial for your health than salt. Spices are packed with antioxidants and have antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-carcinogenic properties. Many spices are used as a home remedy for many health problems. For example, turmeric is known for its healing properties. It is used to disinfect wounds and accelerate the healing process. It also heals the body internally.
Salt and spices are two separate natural things that have different uses. Salt is a mineral compound obtained from mines and seawater. Spices are the parts of plants that are used for adding flavor and aroma to food.
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On this website we recommend many pictures abaout Border Collie Dog that we have collected from various sites tapike.com, and of course what we recommend is the most excellent of picture for Border Collie Dog. If you like the picture on our website, please do not hesitate to visit again and get inspiration from our website.
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This is the first time I decided to join Cathy's Fit 2017 class this year. My intention for joining the class this year is because I want to document my fitness journey. What better way to CONNECT with my routine other than to journal about it with more structure and build a healthy habit at the same time.
3. Journal cards and printable for journaling.
- Autumn Calabrese workout - 21 Day Fix Extreme, The Master's Chisel, Country Heat and probably Insanity Max 30 some where along the way.


Dozens of people braved the cold and watched in awe as a laser light show brought to an end the Wokingham Winter Carnival.
The traditional parade had to be cancelled due to disruptive town centre roadworks which are part of the regeneration.
But that didn't stop scores of people enjoying the festivities on the streets of Wokingham on Sunday, November 26.
With non-stop free entertainment and a range of stalls, people flocked from all over Berkshire to be a part of the annual event.
David Davies, who helped organised this year's event, said: "It was a real shame we weren't able to do the usual parade at the carnival this year and we lost some engagement because of it.
"But the laser light show was a well received surprise, and a great way to end the carnival.
"Despite there not being a parade the area was full with people enjoying themselves."
Special entertainers among the winter line up were dancers, musicians and magicians and jugglers and there was even a snow machine.
The town also welcomed Royal Castle Jazz Band, Vivaldi Strings, Ukulele Group, Rock School and Reading 's Scottish Pipe Band, celebrating an array of Berkshire talent.


by the teachers and students for Senior Secondary School Economics? It is clearly shown on Table 1 that two recommended economics textbooks are predominantly used by teachers and students in secondary school out of the textbook... Includes statistical information relating to post-compulsory completion, achievement and performance in senior secondary certificates. Schools and study search Conduct a search to find which schools offer what Victorian senior secondary subjects.
school economics in the areas of content, methodology, materials, and professional development. We address what content to include, the use of textbooks and supplementary materials, and innovative approaches for teaching economics. pdf ebook reader for pc senior school level. There is perhaps a trade off between the wide and generally superficial coverage of topics in a course and the importance placed by the reviewers on the development of analytical and critical thinking skills.
I have gathered together a comprehensive list of recommended textbooks for Junior and Senior secondary schools. It covers almost all the subjects in secondary school.


Symphonix Value Rx (NV) is a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan (Part D Plan) for residents of Nevada on Medicare. This plan is rated "Average" by CMS, as compared with all others. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services gave it a rating of 3.0 out of five stars.
The premium is $20.20 monthly, and there's a $405.00 deductible. You'll find a complete description of all costs on the Pricing page. You can see your share at the pharmacy on the Co-Pay page, or learn more about the coverage benefits on the Coverage page.


As a child I always had a passion for colour. So growing up I found my way into fashion, designing and making garments for high street stores. Once I got married and had children things went on the back burner, but sewing, gardening and design nibbled away, until the day came and I could eventually take up what had become hobbies again.
I went to college to take horticulture and decided there and then that this was for me. I took on twelve gardens, caring and redesigning several, thoroughly enjoying myself and making quite a few very good friends. Sadly my strength let me down and I started on a different tack, one not so physical. I went back to college and took an A level and City and Guilds in Textiles. I had, since being a child, made clothes and was taught to pattern cut by my grandmother, and this has been used to the full. I have taught small groups textile related crafts for a number of years and have been opening my garden for Cancer Research for the last 15 or so years. Starting this blog is my way of sharing my experiences and passion for gardening and textiles with other like minded people.
This photo was taken at Christmas time 1954, I am the little girl with the large bow in her hair, not looking at the camera, but is intent on finishing her sewing card..I really did start young. My favourite Nana is cutting the Christmas cake. She's the one that set the ball rolling and I have never looked back.
Please enjoy my ramblings. Sue.
Glad I found your blog sewing and gardening are two of my favourite pastimes!
Hello Sue, your lovely daughter Lucy told me about your Blog (I think her band The Madeline Rust are amazing!). I love your beautiful site and blogs and all the pictures of your garden. I am more in the 'before' stage with my garden – much smaller than yours, and was fully paved at the back so I am digging up paving and creating flowerbeds! I have had big gardens in the past, and taken out leylandii on several occasions, so I empathise! I have subscribed and look forward to reading your future posts. Best wishes, Anne de Gruchy PS I have just started my own Blog at annedegruchy.co.uk, but am a complete novice and will take inspiration from yours!
May we use your image for Pelargonium dichondrifolium found here on a plant label? We never use images without the owners permission.
Hi Sue. Yes you can use my picture, I only ask that you acknowledge it as mine. I have also given my permission to an Auricula grower in France to use some pictures in a book. Just as a matter of interest what will you do with it. Regards Sue Turner.
Thanks for your speedy response. 🙂 Could you please contact me directly at my work email so I can explain in detail the use of your photo?


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Recall group delivers 13K names
By JEFF TUCKER | jtucker@chieftain.com
The group working to recall state Sen. Angela Giron, D-Pueblo, delivered more than 13,000 signatures to the Colorado Secretary of State's office in Denver on Monday.
Pueblo Freedom and Rights needed 11,285 signatures from registered voters in Senate District 3 to force a recall election. The group said it returned 13,570 signatures. Victor Head, a founder of the group, said the names were all collected by volunteers and were reliable.
Giron said she wasn�t surprised that the group was able to deliver boxes full of petitions. But she said she was surprised at the racial undertones taken by some of the group�s supporters.
"I know it�s partially about me being a Latina and being in this position of authority,� said Giron.
She said nothing has come directly from the group itself. But she said her Hispanic supporters have been yelled at by passing motorists that they need to be deported.
Read the full story in our digital edition.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Sociologists Available to Discuss Same-Sex Marriage
With the Supreme Court of the United States expected to rule imminently in the case of Obergefell v. Hodges, which addresses the matter of marriage equality and the constitutional status of state bans on same-sex marriage, the American Sociological Association (ASA) has a number of sociologists available to discuss same-sex marriage.
Relationships With Family Members, But Not Friends, Decrease Likelihood of Death
For older adults, having more or closer family members in one's social network decreases his or her likelihood of death, but having a larger or closer group of friends does not, finds a new study that was presented at the 111th Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association (ASA).
'I Miss You So Much': How Twitter Is Broadening the Conversation on Death and Mourning
Death and mourning were largely considered private matters in the 20th century, with the public remembrances common in previous eras replaced by intimate gatherings behind closed doors in funeral parlors and family homes.
But social media is redefining how people grieve, and Twitter in particular — with its ephemeral mix of rapid-fire broadcast and personal expression — is widening the conversation around death and mourning, two University of Washington (UW) sociologists say.
Prepare for a Vote: Understanding the Proposed Revision to the ASA Code of Ethics
At the 2014 Annual Meeting in San Francisco, Executive Officer Sally Hillsman, met with the Committee on Professional Ethics (COPE) and suggested that it was time to revise the Code of Ethics. Revisions were last made to the Code 20 years ago, and a great deal of change had taken place. Regulatory and technological advances have had striking impacts on the field. At the time, the Department of Health and Human Services was about to announce changes to The Common Rule, which governs the vast majority of human subjects research efforts.
Contexts: The Limits of Education
Features include "Wedding Cake Woes", "Serial Killers and Sex Workers", "Mental Health and Police Killings", and "Truth-Spots."
"Broken Windows," Lower Grades
The "Broken Windows" theory of policing, applied in New York and other major American cities since the early '90s, has been credited in some quarters with reducing crime. Stopping, warning and even arresting perpetrators of low-impact crimes like vandalism and disorderly behavior, says the theory, contributes to a more cohesive neighborhood and a setting less likely to attract violent crime.
Application and Sociological Practice (2) Apply Application and Sociological Practice filter
Biology and Sociology (2) Apply Biology and Sociology filter
Comparative/Historical Approaches (1) Apply Comparative/Historical Approaches filter
(-) Remove Law and Society filter Law and Society
(-) Remove Sociology of Culture filter Sociology of Culture
Economics, Markets and Consumerism (11) Apply Economics, Markets and Consumerism filter
(-) Remove Death/Dying filter Death/Dying
Racial and Ethnic Inequality (10) Apply Racial and Ethnic Inequality filter
Latina/os and Hispanics (3) Apply Latina/os and Hispanics filter
(-) Remove Members of the Press filter Members of the Press


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Q: How can I set the subdomain to subfolder without changing the display URL? After loading subdomain.domain.com/folders, the user should read the contents of the domain.com/subdomain/folders folder on the server without changing the current URL
User Load URL:
subdomain.domain.com/folder

File load url:
domain.com/subdomain/folder

OR (it doesn't matter)
subdomain.domain.com/subdomain/folder

A: Your question is a bit vague because of your wording. I assume you do not actually have folders called "subdomain.example.com" and "example.com" in your server side file system, but that you refer to the URLS https://subdomain.example.com/folder and https://example.com/subdomain/folder?
In that case this should point you into the right direction:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^([^.])\.example\.com$
RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ /%1/$1 [END]

In case "subdomain" refers to a specific name you can simplify the rule:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^subdomain\.example\.com$
RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ /subdomain/$1 [END]

Both approaches will perform an internal rewrite, so it is further assumed here that both http hosts ("subdomains") are served by the same http server (as "virtual hosts" or by a "fallback virtual host").
In case you receive an internal server error (http status 500) using the rule above then chances are that you operate a very old version of the apache http server. You will see a definite hint to an unsupported [END] flag in your http servers error log file in that case. You can either try to upgrade or use the older [L] flag, it probably will work the same in this situation, though that depends a bit on your setup.
This rule will work likewise in the http servers host configuration or inside a dynamic configuration file (".htaccess" file). Obviously the rewriting module needs to be loaded inside the http server and enabled in the http host. In case you use a dynamic configuration file you need to take care that it's interpretation is enabled at all in the host configuration and that it is located in the host's DOCUMENT_ROOT folder.
And a general remark: you should always prefer to place such rules in the http servers host configuration instead of using dynamic configuration files (".htaccess"). Those dynamic configuration files add complexity, are often a cause of unexpected behavior, hard to debug and they really slow down the http server. They are only provided as a last option for situations where you do not have access to the real http servers host configuration (read: really cheap service providers) or for applications insisting on writing their own rules (which is an obvious security nightmare).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Below is a list of crimes reported for Hawaiian Gardens in the latest seven days. Keep in mind that the number of crimes reported for this time period may increase over the coming weeks as the Sheriff provides additional data.
12600 block of Carson Street Theft from vehicle April 6, 6:45 p.m.
Over the last six months, the rate of 31.5 crimes per 10,000 people is lower than in nearby Lakewood.
The 2000 population count of 14,915 from the U.S. Census is used to calculate per-capita totals.
Hawaiian Gardens is covered by one police jurisdiction.
is a city in the Harbor region of Los Angeles County.
The neighboring communities are Lakewood and Long Beach.
Hawaiian Gardens is one of the 272 neighborhoods in Mapping L.A., The Times' resource for crime, neighborhoods, demographics and schools.


ACT WorkKeys is a job skills assessment program that assists employers in selecting, hiring, training, developing, and retaining employees. ACT WorkKeys consists of diagnostic examinations in nine foundational skills and three soft skill sets; each exam's length, time allotted, and format (internet vs. paper) are contingent upon which skill is being tested.
Please note this is supplemental content. For a primary study guide, we recommend the MoMetrix book.


'Solomon's temple' represents heaven and the church. 'Solomon's temple' represents heaven and the church.
The ten fingers signify all things terminated in ultimates.
'Soothsayers' were people who studied natural magic.
'A ruler' or 'governor' signifies goods of the church, and in the opposite sense, falsities.
'Interpretations,' as in Genesis 40:22, signify prediction.
'The Medes,' as in Isaiah 8:17, signify people who are contrary to the truths and goods of the church.
To truly be born again we have to work on changing our thinking and our actions. Up to this point the story has been focused on changing our thinking, but there is still that physical impulse to engage in our old ways. In this chapter of Daniel the king sees the writing on the wall that his ways must come to an end.


It's a new year, and everything you want is out there waiting.
Now go get it! Here's to a great 2019.
We've all got a lot of fight left in us. Don't ever doubt it.
I LOVE this song. I am really into empowerment songs like this one! There are a few more that I love and will wait to see if they ever make your list!


Using the power of the dead to protect the freedom of the living.
Legally, Daria should turn herself in to Ardica City's LM4 Processing Agency, which is tasked with ensuring that those with the ability to tap into the energy left behind by the ghosts of the dead will use their abilities only for the good of the people. But despite heavy-handed government measures, the threat of war beyond Ardica's walls, the manipulations of a criminal gang, and her own brother's law-abiding ideals, independent-minded Daria is determined to hold onto her freedom–even if it means starting a revolution to do so.
Note: Graves contains some harsh language.
Graves is a cyberpunk-ish fantasy thriller with a tight plot, engaging characters and deep lore, and it feels like it's gonna be big. Read it.
Aug 28, 2015: Alright: I'm going to start by saying that "Graves" is really well written. I didn't find any gramatical or spelling errors in the entire archive while I was reading, and the descriptions are nicely vivid. On the other hand, the chapters felt a little short and some of the 'cliffhanger' hooks at the end of the first couple felt a little abrupt. However, as the story progresses past the 'getting to know the cast' stage those seemed to smooth out more.


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Discovering environmental causes of disease
Stephen M Rappaport
Correspondence to Professor Stephen M Rappaport, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7356, USA; srappaport{at}berkeley.edu
Although chronic diseases are primarily environmental (ie, not genetic) in origin, the particular environmental causes of these diseases are poorly understood. A WHO study of worldwide cancer mortality identified nine diverse environmental factors, including pollution, diet, lifestyle factors and infections. However, the joint effect of these nine factors accounted for only about one-third of cancer mortality, indicating that about two-thirds are of unknown aetiology. One problem relates to the community of epidemiologists, which sorts environmental factors into marginally overlapping domains, thereby creating gaps in coverage. Also, information about environmental exposures in epidemiologic studies is generally derived from questionnaires that are ill suited for assessing thousands of potentially causative exposures. Finally, the few studies that rigorously estimate exposure levels focus upon a handful of pollutants of regulatory importance and thus are unsuited for finding hitherto unrecognised exposures from both exogenous and endogenous sources. The concept of the 'exposome'—representing the totality of exposures from gestation onwards—has recently been introduced as a complement to the genome in studies of disease aetiology. The exposome concept promotes environmental analogues of genome-wide association studies, which employ untargeted omic methods to compare biospecimens from diseased and healthy subjects. The goal of such investigations is to discover key biomarkers of exposure that enable follow-up hypotheses to be explored regarding sources of exposure, dose–response relationships, mechanisms of action, disease causality and public health interventions. Examples of this approach are cited from recent metabolomic studies of several complex chronic diseases.
exposome
disease aetiology
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2011-200726
Addendum: In an effort to introduce the exposome concept to the environmental health sciences, the US National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences requested that the National Academy of Sciences convene workshops to discuss implications of the exposome for understanding the causes of human diseases (25–26 February 2010) and methods for characterising individual exposomes (8–9 December 2011). Information is available at http://nas-sites.org/emergingscience/shtml about both workshops.
Funding This study was supported by grant U54ES016115 from the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences.
Provenance and peer review Commissioned; internally peer reviewed.


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Home Browse Resources Organizations PanAfrican Network of Leaders (PANEL), - Cameroon
C/O British Council, Yde, Cameroon
Immeuble SOCAR, OPPOSITE YAOUNDE URBAN COUNCIL OFFICE
Buea , Sud-Ouest
PanAfrican Network of Leaders (PANEL), - Cameroon
. PANEL was born as an appendage of the series of British Council organized InterAction Pan African Leadership Programmes across African countries. Having received the torchlight to blaze the development trail in Africa, PANEL, operating in about 18 African countries, seeks to assembling and...
. PANEL was born as an appendage of the series of British Council organized InterAction Pan African Leadership Programmes across African countries. Having received the torchlight to blaze the development trail in Africa, PANEL, operating in about 18 African countries, seeks to assembling and coordinating emerging young and dynamic African leaders for the betterment of the African continent in all founts of life
PANEL engages in a wide range of activities, including the organization of youth training on leadership, capacity building, good citizenship, political consciousness, activism, fight against HIV/AIDS, Drug addiction, etc
It equally trains local development mechanisms like rural councils,...
It equally trains local development mechanisms like rural councils, law making bodies and traditional authorities to effect good governance, rule of law, women's empowerment, equality and justice at grass roots, and other levels of state. etc
PANEL unlocks the stream of possibilities for young people both in Africa, and those out of Africa interested in the development of the African continent. At its core lies immense transformatory opportunities for youth in the domain of leadership, capacity building, governance, especially as...
PANEL unlocks the stream of possibilities for young people both in Africa, and those out of Africa interested in the development of the African continent. At its core lies immense transformatory opportunities for youth in the domain of leadership, capacity building, governance, especially as PANEL receives the dynamic and steady blessings of the British Council, especially in Cameroon. Some few weeks back, PANEL was in the field in Bamenda training young people to unleash the leadership gene that runs through every individual and change the lives of their respective communities


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Film buff? Here are the ten movie scene locations you MUST see in Paris
@thelocalfrance
filmsmoviesoutandabout
A scene from La La Land. Photo: Prod DB - Black Label Media - Gilbert Films - Impostor Pictures - Marc Platt Productions
From La La Land to Amelie: Here's how to find the top movie scene locations in the French capital, put together by the folks at Set in Paris walking tours.
1. The church steps from Midnight in Paris
This is currently the one film that is inspiring people to come to Paris as it perfectly shows off the beauty of the city. In the film, Gil (Owen Wilson) sits on steps, waiting for the vintage Peugeot to whisk him back to the lost generation of writers' era.
(Photo: Sony Pictures)
Everyone hunting down the steps ends up looking all over Montmartre in northern Paris, because as everyone knows the second rule of physics states that Paris + Steps = Montmartre.
But, they're actually located on the other side of the city in the 5th arrondissement just behind the Pantheon, on the left-side of Eglise Saint-Etienne-du-mont. Once you've taken a good look at the wonderful facade of the church, where all the students from the prestigious Henri IV high school eat their lunch, just walk down and take the time to recreate the most magical moment of the movie.
(Photo: GoogleMaps)
(A map showing all ten locations/GoogleMaps)
2: The Jazz bar in La La Land
You can find the underground jazz bar from La La Land – which stars Ryan Gosling and Emma stone – in the Latin Quarter of Paris.
Le Caveau du Huchette may only feature briefly in the film, but its popularity has soared since the huge international success of the film.
Find it here.
3: Amélie's cafe
The quirky Amélie Poulain (Audrey Tautou) is the darling of Paris cinema and the movie proved to be a huge hit abroad. She calls Montmartre her home and this film showcases how the area, though part of Paris, has a village-like feel to it.
(Photo: UFD)
To really enter the movie atmosphere, stop and have a drink where Amélie worked at the exact café that the production took over for filming. It's called the Café des Deux Moulins at 15 Rue Lepic.
To bring the magical ambiance of the movie to your trip, remember to see the world like it's crazy talented director Jean-Pierre Jeunet does – forget slow table service and just sit and appreciate the raw beauty of life.
(Photo: Chris Goldberg/Flickr)
4: Have a kiss on the (former) love lock bridge
Ah yes, the love lock bridge. Most Hollywood movies set in Paris feature a bridge over the Seine at some point, but a favourite is always the Pont des Arts, also known as Lover's Bridge.
(Photo: HBO)
This is the scene of that kiss between Big and Carrie from Sex and the City (see above), but if that's not your thing, it was also the scene where Mark Ruffalo and French actress Mélanie Laurent lock away one more secret in Now You See Me.
In fact, Now You See Me is one of the only films to acknowledge the love lock phenomenon. And while the locks have now all been removed and the bridge isn't quite the same, it's still one of our favourite places to follow in the footsteps of the stars.
(Photo: AFP)
5: Buy a book at Shakespeare and Co
Before Sunset is one of the major reasons that people started flocking in droves to this quaint English-language bookstore on Paris's Rive Gauche. In fact, on weekends it's not unusual to see a long line of people waiting just to get in.
(Photo: Warner Bros France)
In the film, Ethan Hawke plays an author giving a book signing here. In real life, authors do the same – so be sure to check out the store's upcoming events and you might be able to catch someone you've always wanted to meet.
Or if you're really lucky, you might spot a celebrity. Owen Wilson is a regular customer when he's in Paris, and still browses the books long after he was there for a scene in Midnight in Paris.
(Photo: Hannah Swithinbank/Flickr)
6: Twist reality at the 'Inception Bridge'
The Pont Bir Hakeim bridge is often simply referred to as the Inception bridge. It was in this movie that director Christopher Nolan used the column features to striking effect.
(Photo: Warner Bros)
He created mirror images to give the impression that the bridge went on for eternity, a link to the dream sequences that saw the characters bend the realms of reality. It's also the setting for the opening scene in Last Tango in Paris.
Why not do what the gang from Parks and Recreation did and visit it for yourself?
(Photo: Deedle-Dee Productions)
7: Crack the Da Vinci Code
Church Saint Sulpice is the second largest church in Paris (behind Notre Dame) and it's tucked away on a quiet street in Saint Germain, south of the river.
(Photo: Lawrence OP/Flickr)
But it wasn't until the smash hit The Da Vinci Code that the church was brought into its rightful status as a "must-see" location.
The church and Da Vinci Code didn't quite see eye-to-eye on the filming plans, which ruled out filming inside the church. But you'd never know as the church's interiors were painstakingly recreated in a studio so they look exactly like the real thing.
8: Follow Audrey's Hepburn's footsteps
Charade, a 1963 film starring Audrey Hepburn and Cary Grant, immortalised Paris on the big screen – especially the Quai de Montebello riverside walk. As the pair leisurely stroll along the river banks, right in the shadow of Notre Dame, they talk about how they're following in the footsteps of Leslie Caron and Gene Kelly, who danced at this same location in 1951's An American in Paris.
(Photo: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer)
However, An American in Paris was all done in studio but the recreation was so faithfully done, you'd be forgiven for not knowing. Audrey and Cary enjoy the famous Berthillion's ice-cream which you can taste on Isle-St-Louis just around the corner.
(Photo: Edgardo W. Olivera/Flickr)
9: Follow the rats…
The Gusteau's restaurant in Ratatouille is based on La Tour d'Argent in Paris. It's known as one of the most expensive restaurants in the city, so be careful what you order if you're going in.
The restaurant in the hugely popular Pixar movie is based on a mix of some of the best Paris restaurants, but it's closest to this one. Indeed, the only real difference is that the real one doesn't have the flashy neon sign, nor the pretty little fountain and square that made the film version so charming.
10: Ditch your phone… (or at least pretend to)
The Devil Wears Prada is largely set in New York, though as the movie is all about the fashion world, a trip to Paris was always going to be on the cards. If you like fashion, stroll down the nearby Avenue Montaigne just as Andy (Anne Hathaway) does in the film.
(Photo: 20th Century Fox)
It is right in the heart of Paris at Place de la Concorde that Andy decides that the cut-throat industry is not for her, and she symbolically throws her phone into one of the stunning Tritan and Water Nymph fountains here.
We do not recommend doing the same, though the area is well worth a visit.
(Photo: Trawets1/Flickr)
11: (Bonus) The blockbuster view
Lastly, it's a bit of fun – and we recommend that you do not try this one. Rush Hour 3 takes you on a high-octane journey around Paris, climaxing with a huge fight scene at the Eiffel Tower, notably the Jules Verne restaurant. Chris Tucker and Jackie Chan escape by grabbing hold of a huge French flag and using it to parachute into the water basin across the bridge. See the clip below.
The basin with fountains is part of the Trocodero, and well worth a visit. Head up to the Plantard de Trocodero and you'll get an amazing view of the Eiffel Tower.
(Photo: Todd Martin/Flickr)
And that ends the tour. If you want to know a whole lot more, visit the friendly team at Set in Paris Movie Tours, which offers daily walking tours at 10am and 3pm, as well as private and group tours.
Happy walking!
Another version of this story was published in 2015.
The one French film you need to see this month
Six must-see new French films that have wowed France
French group bids to ban raunchy 'Fifty Shades' film for children
French retain crown as Europe's film buffs (but it's thanks to American movies)
Nolan's Dunkirk film accused of 'rudely' ignoring France's crucial role in saving British
The bistros you just have to seek out in each Paris arrondissement
Parisians told don't fret about the helicopters – Tom Cruise is in town
French film festival goes high-tech for Hollywood
Readers recommend: The best books, TV series and podcasts about France


We appear to be entering into territory, unseen for hundreds of years. This is not a Great Depression scenario; this is a lot more difficult to deal with. Equities have remained steady due to capital inflows. Domestic retail investment remains at record lows. The future will be the decoupling of stock prices from earnings because we are dealing with capital preservation. Those who constantly harp on the overpriced stock market would imply, "Buy bonds!" That is the opposite side, but rates are nothing to negativity. Of course, you will have those who will yell, "Buy gold!", but that is still a tiny fraction of the world economy. Even equities are grossly underweight within the world economy compared to debt. That is where the BUBBLE really lies, and that is where we focus our attention. The traditional calls to sell stock are the same old reasoning that has existed in a Public Wave. This is what happens when confidence collapses in government. It is a complete new game.
What may set the stage for the bond bubble requires a flight to quality. In other words, we may see a scare in the share market that sends cash running into the bond market to create the top. We do not see a break in the market that is long-term in nature, just a break that gets the majority anticipating a change in trend.
On gold : To make it clear, nothing has changed. A bull market is something that rises in terms of all currencies. The paper dollar and gold are ending up on the same side of the fence with this war on cash that is brewing. J.P. Morgan is looking to charge money to people who have cash on deposit beyond what they deem to be necessary as of May 1st. Oddly enough, hoarding paper money is a hedge against the banks. This is why many are now advocating abolishing paper currency and moving towards electronic. The key to a future bull market in gold is not "fiat" nor is it "inflation". Those theories are really meaningless. The key to a reversal of fortune occurs when the M A J O R I T Y lose confidence in government. The end game is that gold is likely to break the $1,000 level on the benchmarks. This is more likely to be the final phase transition of capital rushing into the bond markets and out of the commodity/stocks. When capital moves to the extreme, then we can see the reversal....................The traditional mumbo jumbo is dollar up, gold down. However, we may be entering a completely new phase. Gold and the dollar may no longer be archenemies. They are actually now moving to the same side of the fence, for the common enemy is the rapidly approaching electronic money, with so many analysts at banks now calling to abolishing paper money. What is interesting is that paper money places a check and balance against central banks from moving deep into negative interest rates. At some point, more and more people will just withdraw their cash and hoard it, which has already begun. Right now, gold enthusiasts are closely watching the statement expected for this week from the Federal Reserve policy makers on Wednesday. They are clinging to anything, looking for any clues that the Fed is becoming less likely to raise interest rates. They fear that raising interest rates will support the dollar, but there is really a lot more going on behind the curtain.


text:
Lotniskowiec – okręt, którego głównym zadaniem jest prowadzenie operacji bojowych za pomocą bazujących na nich samolotów i przystosowana do tego celu konstrukcyjnie (pokład startowy). Pierwsze okręty tej klasy powstały pod koniec I wojny światowej, następnie odegrały dużą rolę w walkach II wojny światowej, szczególnie na Pacyfiku. Obecnie tylko USA mają większą flotę lotniskowców, ponadto Francja, Rosja i Brazylia mają pojedyncze lotniskowce uderzeniowe, a Wielka Brytania, Indie, Hiszpania, Włochy i Tajlandia lekkie lotniskowce dla samolotów V/STOL. Lotniskowiec porusza się wraz z tzw. grupą uderzeniową, składającą się z fregat, niszczycieli, okrętów podwodnych. Grupa taka jest w stanie samodzielnie prowadzić działania wojenne na wielkim obszarze.

Historia lotniskowców

Pierwsze lotniskowce powstawały zazwyczaj jako jednostki przebudowywane z innych okrętów – np. krążowników, jak brytyjski "Furious", lub statków handlowych, jak amerykański "Langley" (CV-1) czy japoński "Hōshō". Przebudowa polegała przede wszystkim na likwidacji dotychczasowych nadbudówek i uzbrojenia oraz nadbudowaniu nowych pomieszczeń i hangarów dla samolotów, przykrytych płaskim pokładem lotniczym. Mimo iż niektóre wczesne lotniskowce miały także dość silne uzbrojenie artyleryjskie do walki z okrętami, z reguły ograniczano je tylko do dział przeciwlotniczych, natomiast za główną siłę uznano samoloty.

Początkowo lotniskowce nie zdobyły uznania i uważane były za okręty co najwyżej pomocnicze wobec pancerników i używane do rozpoznania, chociaż w latach międzywojennych spora karierę zrobiła wizja lotniskowca-rajdera zwalczającego żeglugę za pomocą dział i samolotów. Warta odnotowania jednak jest pierwsza w historii operacja morska, przeprowadzona w lipcu 1918 roku przez Brytyjczyków, którzy wysłali z pokładu wciąż jeszcze prowizorycznego lotniskowca "Furious" samoloty do ataku na bazę sterowców cesarskiej Kriegsmarine w Tondern [dziś na terytorium Danii]. Operacja ta zakończyła się sporym sukcesem; zniszczono m.in. dwa hangary dla sterowców. Przyczyną ostrożnego podejścia do lotniskowca była niska sprawność ówczesnych samolotów. Stan ten trwał aż do początków II wojny światowej. Brytyjski atak na włoską bazę floty w Tarencie i wzorowany na nim atak na Pearl Harbor przeprowadzony przez japońskie lotnictwo pokładowe, a potem zatopienie dwóch brytyjskich pancerników "Prince of Wales" i "Repulse", przez lotnictwo japońskie w bitwie pod Kuantanem – zaczęły powoli zmieniać sytuację. Jeszcze większe wrażenie zrobiła błyskawiczna eliminacja trzech z czterech lotniskowców japońskich podczas bitwy o Midway w czerwcu 1942 roku (zatopiono wszystkie cztery, z czego trzy otrzymały krytyczne trafienia w krótkich odstępach czasu).

Wojna na Pacyfiku, ze względu na ogromne odległości, wykreowała samolot i lotniskowiec na główną siłę uderzeniową floty. Lotniskowce i ich samoloty, na tamtym obszarze, były w stanie dokonać daleko większej projekcji siły i na dalszy dystans niż pancerniki i ich działa. Bitwy: na Morzu Koralowym i pod Midway ostatecznie ustaliły prymat lotniskowca jako głównej siły uderzeniowej we flocie.

W trakcie II wojny światowej ustalił się podział na lotniskowce floty służące jako główna siła oraz lotniskowce lekkie – średniej wielkości, służące do wspierania głównych sił (klasyfikacja ta jednak poza amerykańską flotą nie była oficjalna). Trzecią grupą były lotniskowce eskortowe zwane też pomocniczymi i konwojowymi, w ich budowie specjalizowały się floty amerykańska i brytyjska. Podstawowymi zadaniami tej grupy okrętów była eskorta konwojów i zespołów okrętów nawodnych oraz zwalczanie okrętów podwodnych.

Obecnie ten podział jest nieaktualny i funkcjonuje inny. Według obecnych kryteriów dzieli się lotniskowce na uderzeniowe, najczęściej z napędem atomowym, lotniskowce średniej wielkości i śmigłowcowce przeznaczone głównie do przenoszenia śmigłowców i grup szturmowych.

Budowa

Pokład lotniskowca jest ściśle rozplanowany i podzielony, znajduje się na nim od dwóch do czterech podnośników, używanych do wynoszenia samolotów z hangarów znajdujących się pod pokładem. Początkowo lotniskowce miały pokład lotniczy o obrysie zbliżonym ogólnie do prostokątnego, o rozmiarach takich samych lub niewiele większych od rozmiarów kadłuba (na niektórych konstrukcjach był on nawet krótszy, niż kadłub). Z dziobowej części pokładu samoloty startowały, a na rufowej części lądowały, zawsze w osi podłużnej okrętu. Od lat 50. zaczęto znacznie poszerzać pokład lotniczy poza obrys kadłuba i stosować pokład do lądowania odchylony w lewo. Uzasadnione to było względami bezpieczeństwa, gdyż w razie nie wyhamowania lądującego samolotu, pozwalało to na uniknięcie wpadnięcia go na samoloty przygotowujące się do startu; także w razie nieprawidłowego podejścia do lądowania samolot mógł łatwiej ponowić próbę. Na końcu pokładu w rejonie dziobowym zwykle znajdują się katapulty używane do przyspieszania startu samolotów, nie wszystkie jednak lotniskowce ją mają, nawet w obecnych czasach. W okresie II wojny światowej lotniskowce japońskie nie miały katapult, gdyż segmentowa konstrukcja okrętu, przypominająca składanie okrętu z niejako modułów, uniemożliwiała ich zabudowę. W obecnych czasach nie stosuje się katapult na śmigłowcowcach i lekkich lotniskowcach – do startu śmigłowców nie są potrzebne, a samoloty na tych okrętach stacjonujące są zazwyczaj samolotami pionowego startu i lądowania (V/STOL). Część współczesnych lotniskowców zamiast katapult ma tzw. skocznię (ski jump) – podniesiony pokład w części dziobowej, wspomagający start za pomocą własnych silników samolotu.

Na drugim końcu okrętu znajduje się urządzenie o nazwie aerofiniszer. Jest to system poprzecznych w stosunku do drogi lądowania stalowych lin, unoszących się i opuszczających. Samolot lądujący na pokładzie przed operacją wypuszcza hak, którym w momencie zetknięcia się z pokładem zaczepia o te liny i jest wyhamowywany na bardzo krótkim odcinku.

Poniżej pokładu znajduje się hangar, w którym trzymane są i obsługiwane samoloty. Hangar może mieć jeden poziom tak jak na małych lotniskowcach lub, częściej, jest dwupoziomowy. Od wielkości hangaru zależy to ile maszyn jest w stanie zabrać okręt. Lotniskowce z okresu II wojny światowej zabierały w morze od kilkunastu samolotów w przypadku eskortowych do nawet około stu w przypadku największych okrętów.

Na jednej z burt znajduje się mała nadbudówka – wysepka, na której znajdują się centrum dowodzenia i inne ważne dla okrętu miejsca. Były lotniskowce budowane bez wysepki – wówczas centrum dowodzenia znajdowało się pod pokładem.

Lotniskowce mają różną wyporność w zależności od klasy i przeznaczenia, uzbrojenie tak samo jest zmienne. Na przykład lekki lotniskowiec japoński "Hōshō", przebudowany ze statku towarowego, miał wyporność standardową 7410, pełną 10 000 ton i zabierał w morze kilkanaście maszyn, w późniejszym okresie 8 samolotów używanych do zwalczania okrętów podwodnych. Przebudowany z okrętu liniowego, "Kaga" miał wyporność standardową 38 200 i pełną 43 650 ton, zabierał w morze początkowo 81 maszyn potem liczba ta spadła do 66. Zbudowany w latach trzydziestych od podstaw jako okręt lotniczy "Yorktown" miał wyporność standardową 19 800 i pełną 25 400 ton, i zabierał w morze do 90 samolotów. Obecnie budowane okręty są jeszcze większe, amerykańskie lotniskowce uderzeniowe o napędzie atomowym typu "Nimitz" mają wyporność standardową 82 320 i pełną przekraczającą 92 000 ton, cztery podnośniki, cztery katapulty i ponad 90 samolotów i śmigłowców, załogę stanowi 5200 ludzi (razem z personelem lotniczym).

Uzbrojenie
Uzbrojenie lotniskowców jest zmienne, ma jednak jedną wspólną cechę – składa się na nie tylko uzbrojenie przeciwlotnicze przeznaczone do obrony własnej w wypadku ataku powietrznego. Poza kilkoma próbami uzbrajania pierwszych okrętów w działa o kalibrze 203 mm (maksymalny kaliber dozwolony dla lotniskowców na Konferencji Waszyngtońskiej), wynikających z chęci posiadania większej ilości okrętów artyleryjskich, nie stosowano dział o kalibrze większym niż 152 mm. Zazwyczaj na artylerię przeciwlotniczą składało się 8-16 dział większego kalibru (102–130 mm) stanowiących ciężką obronę i kilkunastu, do nawet 60, działek małego kalibru (20–40 mm). Obecnie budowane okręty mają kilka wyrzutni rakiet przeciwlotniczych i 2 do 5 zestawów szybkostrzelnych działek używanych do niszczenia pocisków manewrujących w bezpośredniej bliskości okrętu.

Opancerzenie nie występowało na każdym okręcie, tylko na większych jednostkach i jest to cienki pancerz ochraniający żywotne miejsca okrętu takie jak maszynownia i magazyny paliwa i broni. Grubość opancerzenia nie przekraczała w zasadzie 200 mm, obecnie stosuje się wysoko wytrzymałe pancerze kevlarowe i kompozytowe o grubości około 70 mm.

Obsługa
Jedną z głównych ról na pokładzie lotniskowca odgrywa obsługa.
Obsługa pasa startowego lotniskowców pełni rozmaite funkcje, a każda funkcja oznaczona jest innym kolorem kombinezonu załoganta. Dla przykładu, na lotniskowcach Stanów Zjednoczonych kolory oznaczają:
 fioletowy – odpowiedzialni za paliwo, uzupełnienie baku
 żółty – organizacja ruchu na pasie, ukierunkowanie pilota samolotu: wyprowadzenie na pas startowy lub postój itd.
 czerwony – uzbrajanie/rozbrajanie samolotu w bomby, broń AG (powietrze-ziemia)
 zielony – obsługa techniczna (uzbrajanie samolotu w pociski rakietowe i karabinki maszynowe; naprawa usterek itd.)
 biały – personel medyczny,
 niebieski – obsługa dźwigów,

Zobacz też

 lista lotniskowców w służbie
 catapult aircraft merchant (CAM)
 lotniskowiec lekki
 lotniskowiec eskortowy
 merchant aircraft carrier (MAC)
 śmigłowcowiec

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Haze Gray & Underway, World Aircraft Carrier Lists
 NavSource Online: Aircraft Carrier Photo Archive

Klasy okrętów

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
import logging
import etcd
import gevent

from octopus import err
from octopus import constant
from octopus.service.octp_server import OctpServer
from octopus.proto import service_proto

log = logging.getLogger(constant.LOGGER_NAME)

class Election(object):

    def __init__(self, os):
        """
        init from ec or os.
        :param os: octopus server
        :type os: OctpServer
        :return:
        """

        self._os = os

        self._ec = os.ec
        self._service_name = os.service_name
        self._locker = service_proto.locker(self._ec, self._service_name)

    def election(self, handle):
        """

        :param handle: Election completed, will call this.
        :type handle: callable
        :return:
        """

        if not callable(handle):
            raise err.OctpProgramError('Parameter `handler` must be callable.')

        while True:
            self._election()  # do election

            if self._locker.is_acquired:
                log.debug('Got locker')
                gevent.spawn(self._heartbeat_handler)
                handle()  # call callback

                break  # everything finished
            else:
                log.debug('Get locker failed, start watcher.')
                g = gevent.spawn(self._watcher_handler)  # watch locker, election again when current locker is expired.
                g.join()  # wait master lose locker, then retry election

    def _election(self):
        for retry in range(constant.Election.MAX_RETRY):
            try:
                self._locker.acquire(
                    blocking=False,
                    lock_ttl=constant.Election.LOCKER_TTL,
                    timeout=constant.Election.TIMEOUT
                )
            except etcd.EtcdLockExpired as e:
                log.warn(e)
            except Exception as e:
                log.warn(e)
            else:
                # May got locker
                break

            gevent.sleep(constant.Election.LOCK_INTERVAL)

    def _watcher_handler(self):
        """
        wait locker change
        :return:
        """

        while True:
            try:
                service_proto.watch_locker(self._ec, self._locker.path, constant.WATCH_TIMEOUT)
            except etcd.EtcdWatchTimedOut:
                continue
            else:
                log.info('Locker(%s) may changed, election again.', self._service_name)
                break  # stop current greenlet

    def _heartbeat_handler(self):
        while True:
            # refresh locker's ttl
            self._locker.acquire(True, lock_ttl=constant.Election.LOCKER_TTL)
            gevent.sleep(constant.Election.LOCK_INTERVAL)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Them. | Now List 2020: Elle Hearns Isn't Here for Your Performative Allyship
There's no other way to say it: Elle Hearns is a force to be reckoned with. Since 2013, the Ohio native has performed extensive work as a speaker, writer, and community organizer with organizations like GetEQUAL and the Black Lives Matter Global Network. That led to her founding the Marsha P. Johnson Institute in 2015, which works to protect and defend […]
Yahoo! News | Here's why Black trans women are essential to both LGBTQ equality and Black Lives Matter movements
This year, Pride month is taking place in the midst of a growing Black Lives Matter revolution — so there's no better time to amplify the importance of trans Black lives, as was done last weekend in a massive show of support in Brooklyn and as will happen with a similar demonstration in London on Saturday. To keep it going, Yahoo Life […]
Vogue | 'I Believe in Black Trans Power': 15,000 Protestors Showed Up for a Consistently Marginalized Community
The NYPD drone circling over the protest outside the Brooklyn Museum yesterday must have only picked up a sea of white. That's the color protestors were asked to wear to rally and march silently in the wake of the deaths of Dominique "Rem'mie" Fells, Riah Milton, Tony McDade, and countless other Black trans victims of police brutality and civilian violence. The event featured speakers […]
INSIDER | An estimated 15,000 people rallied for Black trans lives in New York City
An estimated 15,000 people wearing white rallied and marched in Brooklyn, New York, on Sunday in support of Black trans lives. The "Brooklyn Liberation" demonstration was inspired in part by a NAACP-led protest in New York City in 1917, during which 10,000 people wore white to stand up against anti-Black violence, according to Fran Tirado, an organizer of Sunday's protest. … […]
Refinery 29 | The Queer Black History Of Rioting
"The first Pride was a riot." This June, the LGBTQ+ community has routinely shared those six words across social media. Activists and demonstrators in support of the Black Lives Matter movement use them to remind us that there's a clear throughline between the fight for LGBTQ+ rights in the United States and a revitalized push for anti-racist legislation that protects people […]
LA Times | On Transgender Day of Visibility, a portrait series celebrates black beauty
For artist Texas Isaiah, the annual International Transgender Day of Visibility is complicated. Although representation and visibility in the media are steps forward, coverage often centers on celebrities and leaves others out of the conversation, painting the picture that the community is "doing OK and flourishing, when that isn't the case," he said, pointing to the alarming murder and suicide […]
PR Newswire | Sunwink Debuts Updated Packaging And Brand-New Flavor, Hibiscus Mint Unwind In Collaboration With Sexuality Educator, Ericka Hart, To Benefit Marsha P. Johnson Institute
NEW YORK, Feb. 26, 2020 /PRNewswire/ — Sunwink, the new sparkling herbal tonic brand on a mission to nourish and re-energize the human connection between ourselves and plants is launching their fifth flavor inspired by and in collaboration with black, health, and LGBTQIA+ sexuality educator, Ericka Hart, Hibiscus Mint Unwind, as well as brand new packaging and design featured across all existing products in […]
Newsy | Activists Push For Protections For Black Trans Women
The push for protections is made easier with the Marsha P. Johnson Institute's Safety and Wellness Act. (Thank you to Lauren Magarino at Newsy for the interview). Watch the full video interview on Newsy.com
Madame Noire | SpeakHER50: Elle Hearns
Elle Hearns is the executive director of the Marsha P. Johnson Institute, which aims to create social justice initiative, policy and programming for Black trans women. She made history when she led the design of the first-ever Movement for Black Lives Convening, held in Cleveland, Ohio, and later when she played a pivotal role in the creation of the official Black Lives Matter […]
Madame Noire | Fearless and Flawless: Meet Activist and Beauty, Elle Hearns
Between the lines you'll feel her confidence roar. Every word spoken within MadameNoire's exclusive beauty series powered by Sephora lends to her truth. If you love the glow up and the glam of an unapologetic woman who is redefining traditional femininity, we encourage you to get up close and personal with beauty and activist, Elle Hearns, former strategic partner of […]
OUT Magazine | An Open Letter to HRC From Trans Community Leaders
As transgender and nonbinary leaders of prominent advocacy, grassroots, national, regional, legal, and leadership development organizations across the United States, we are troubled by Human Rights Campaign's announcement of its new "trans-centered" framework, which we first learned about on Out.com. Trans people, and primarily Black trans leaders and trans leaders of color, have been leading the work for trans liberation since […]
Madame Noire | Marsha P. Johnson Institute Reveals The MPJI Safety & Wellness Act To Protect The Lives Of Black Trans Women
Denali Berries Stuckey. Brooklyn Lindsey. Zoe Spears. Chanel Scurlock. Chynal Lindsey. Paris Cameron. Michelle Washington. Muhlaysia Booker. Claire Legato. Ashanti Carmon. Jazzaline Ware and Dana Martin. These are the names of 12 Black trans women who were killed in a swift stroke of violence over the last six months. This month, the Marsha P. Johnson Institute announced its plan to take on the targeted […]
WUSA9 | Meet the woman trying to change laws after 11 transgender women were murdered this year | #ForTheCulture
PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY, Md. — In 2019, there have been at least eleven transgender women killed that we know of across the country. All the victims were black, and two of them lived in the D.C.-area. Ashanti Carmon and Zoe Spears were killed in Prince George's County two blocks away and two months apart. However, violence against black trans women is […]


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The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter was the last of the day fighters, a high-performance supersonic interceptor aircraft capable of high speeds and climb rates. In this role the Starfighter served for only a short time and was generally disliked by the US Air Force which found its range, load-carrying ability, and equipment inadequate for the service's needs. The Starfighter gained a second lease on life in the 1960s, when it was selected as the basis for a high-speed fighter-bomber by a European commission. Many served in this role into the 1980s. In some countries the Starfighter gained the reputation of being an extremely unsafe aircraft.
In 1951, "Kelly" Johnson, chief engineer at Lockheed's Skunk Works, visited Korea and talked to fighter pilots about what sort of plane they wanted. At the time the US pilots were meeting the MiG-15 in their F-86s and many of the American pilots felt that the MiGs were superior to the larger and more complex American design. The pilots requested a small and simple aircraft with excellent performance.
On his return to the US, Johnson immediately started the design of just such an aircraft. In March his team was assembled and they studied several aircraft designs ranging from small designs at 8,000 lb (3.6 t), to fairly large ones at 50,000 lb (23 t). In November, 1952, a follow-on study started, the lessons learned from the earlier designs being used to eventually result in the Lockheed L-246, of about 12,000 lb (5.4 t). The 246 remained essentially identical to the Starfighter as eventually delivered.
The design was presented to the Air Force in November, 1952, and they were interested enough to create a new proposal and to invite several companies to participate. Three additional designs were received: the Republic AP-55, an improved version of its prototype XF-91 Thunderceptor, the North American NA-212 which would eventually evolve into the F-107, and the Northrop N-102 Fang, a new General Electric J-79-powered design. Although all were interesting, Lockheed had an insurmountable lead and was granted a development contract in March, 1953.
Work progressed quickly with a mock-up ready for inspection at the end of April, and work starting on two prototypes late in May. At the time, the J-79 engine was not ready so both prototypes were designed to use the Wright J-65 engine instead, a licensed version of the Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire. The first prototype was completed by early 1954, and started flying in March. The total time from design to flying was about two years, unheard of even then, let alone today when ten to fifteen years is more typical.
The wing design was radical. Most jet fighters of the period (and to this day) used a swept-wing or delta-wing platform. This allowed a reasonable balance between aerodynamic performance, lift, and internal space for fuel and equipment. Lockheed's tests, however, determined that the most efficient shape for high-speed, supersonic flight was a very small, straight, mid-mounted, trapezoidal wing. The wing was extremely thin, with a thickness-to-chord ratio of only 3.36%. Its aspect ratio was 2.45. The wing's leading edges were so thin (0.016 in / 0.41 mm) and so sharp that they presented a hazard to ground crews. The wings contained no fuel, necessitating the tanks and landing gear be contained in the fuselage.
The stabalizator (horizontal tail surface) was mounted atop the fin to reduce inertial coupling. Because the vertical tailfin was only slightly shorter than the length of each wing and nearly as aerodynamically effective, it could act as a wing on rudder application (a phenomenon known as Dutch roll). To offset this effect the wings were canted downward, given 10° anhedral. The wings had both leading and trailing edge flaps. Later Starfighter marks incorporated a system that allowed the flaps to be extended during combat manoeuvring, reducing turn radius and generally improving sustained turn rate.
The combination provided extremely low drag except at high angle of attack (alpha), at which point induced drag became very high. As a result the Starfighter had superb acceleration, rate of climb, and potential top speed, but its sustained turn performance was very poor, described by some as more like a milk truck than a fighter. It was sensitive to control input but extremely unforgiving of pilot error.
The small, highly-loaded wing resulted in an unacceptably high takeoff and landing speed, so a boundary layer control system (BLCS) of blown flaps was incorporated, bleeding engine air over the trailing edge flaps to improve their lift. The system was a boon to safe landings although it proved to be a maintenance problem in service, and landing without the BLCS could be harrowing.
The Starfighter's fuselage had a high fineness ratio, i.e., tapering sharply towards the nose, and small frontal area. The fuselage was tightly packed containing the radar, cockpit, cannon, all fuel, landing gear, and engine.
Several two-seat training versions of the Starfighter were produced. They were generally similar to the comparable single-seater but the additional cockpit required the deletion of the cannon and some internal fuel. Two-seaters are combat-capable and, despite a slightly larger vertical fin and increased weight, have similar performance to the single-seater.
The F-104 was built around the General Electric J79 turbojet engine, fed by side-mounted intakes with fixed inlet scoops and a conical ramp optimized for supersonic speeds. (Unlike some supersonic aircraft, the F-104 does not have variable-geometry inlets.) Its thrust-to-drag ratio was superb allowing a maximum speed well in excess of Mach 2: the top speed of the Starfighter is limited more by the aluminium structure and the temperature limits of the engine than by thrust or drag (which gives an aerodynamic maximum speed of Mach 2.2). Later models used updated marks of the J79, improving thrust by almost 20%.
Early Starfighter's used a downward-firing ejection seat (the Lockheed C-1), out of concern over the ability of an upward-firing seat to clear the tail plane. This presented obvious problems in low-altitude escapes, and some 21 USAF pilots failed to escape their stricken aircraft in low-level emergencies because of it. The downward-firing seat was soon replaced by a Lockheed C-2 upward-firing seat which was capable of clearing the tail, although it still had a minimum speed limitation of 90 knots (170 km/h). Most export Starfighter's were fitted with Martin-Baker ejection seats with zero/zero (zero altitude, zero airspeed) capability which, no doubt, was comforting to pilots.
The initial USAF Starfighter's had basic AN/ASG-14T ranging radar, TACAN, and radio. The later international fighter-bomber aircraft had much more advanced Aeronautics NASARR radar, a simple infrared sight, Litton LN-3 inertial navigation system, and an air data computer. In the late 1960s, the Italian Air Force developed a more advanced version of the Starfighter, the F-104S, for use as an all-weather interceptor. The F-104S received a NASAAR R21-G with moving-target indicator (for some ability against low-level targets) and a continuous-wave illuminator for semi-active radar homing missiles, including AIM-7 Sparrow and Selenia Aspide. The missile-guidance avionics forced the deletion of the Starfighter's internal cannon. In the mid-1980s surviving F-104S aircraft were updated to ASA (Aggiornamento Sistema d'Arma, or Updated Weapons System) standard with a much improved, more compact Fiat R21G/M1 radar that also provided enough space to restore the gun.
Basic armament of the F-104 was the M61 Vulcan 20 mm Gatling gun. The Starfighter was the first aircraft to carry the new weapon which had a phenomenal rate of fire of 6,000 rounds per minute. The cannon, mounted in the lower part of the port fuselage, is fed by a 725-round drum behind the pilot's seat. It was deleted in two-seat models and some single-seaters (the gun bay and ammunition tank could be replaced by an additional fuel tank). Two AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missiles can be carried on the wingtip stations which can alternately be used for fuel tanks or other stores. F-104C and later models added a centreline pylon and two underwing pylons under each wing for bombs, nuclear weapons, rocket pods, or tanks. The centreline pylon could carry a catamaran launcher for two additional Sidewinders, although the installation had minimal ground clearance and made the seeker heads of the missiles vulnerable to ground debris. The F-104S and some F-104G and F-104J models added a pair of fuselage pylons beneath the intakes, usually used for Sidewinders (providing better ground clearance than the catamaran launcher and leaving the centreline available for other stores). The Italian F-104S also added an additional pylon under each wing, for a maximum of nine. The F-104S was cleared for a higher maximum takeoff weight allowing it to carry up to 7,500 lb (3,400 kg) of stores; other Starfighters had a maximum external load of 4,000 lb (1,814 kg).
The Starfighter is generally considered a rewarding, if very demanding, "sports car" of a fighter. It was the first combat aircraft capable of sustained Mach 2 flight (not just a brief dash), and its speed and climb performance remain impressive by modern standards. If used appropriately, with high-speed slashing attacks and good use of its exceptional thrust-to-weight ratio, it can be a formidable opponent, although being lured into a turning contest with a slower, more manoeuvrable opponent (as Pakistani pilots were with Indian Hunters in 1965) is perilous. The F-104's turn radius and high-alpha behaviour have always been tricky, however, and the Starfighter has a well-deserved reputation for unforgiving behaviour. Some users lost nearly half their aircraft through accidents, although the accident rate varied widely depending on the user and operating conditions; the Spanish Air Force, for example, lost none. The Starfighter has been a particular favourite of the Italian Air Force, although the AMI's accident rate was far from the lowest of Starfighter users.
The initial F-104A served briefly with the USAF Air Defence Command as an interceptor, although neither its range or armament were well-suited for that role. Its status was nonetheless enhanced when, on May 18, 1958, an F-104A set a world speed record of 1,404.19 mph (2,260 km/h), and on December 14, 1959, an F-104C set a world altitude record of 103,395 ft (31.5 km). The Starfighter was the first aircraft to hold simultaneous official world records for speed, altitude, and time-to-climb.
The subsequent F-104C entered service with Tactical Air Command as a multi-role fighter and fighter-bomber. It saw service in the Vietnam War both in the air-superiority role (although it saw little aerial combat and scored no air-to-air kills) and in the air support mission.
The USAF procured only 296 Starfighter's in one and two seat versions. The USAF was less than satisfied with the Starfighter. At the time USAF doctrine placed little importance on air superiority (the "pure" fighter mission), and the Starfighter was deemed inadequate for either the interceptor or tactical fighter-bomber role, lacking both payload and endurance compared to other USAF aircraft. Its U.S. service quickly wound down after 1965.
Nevertheless, the F-104 found a new market with other NATO countries and 2,578 F-104s were built in the U.S. and abroad under the military aid program for various nations including Canada, West Germany, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Turkey, Spain, Pakistan, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Japan.
The so-called "Deal of the Century" produced considerable income for Lockheed, but considerable political controversy in Europe, particularly in Germany, where minister of defence Franz Josef Strauss was almost forced to resign over the issue. Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands was also connected to being bribed by Lockheed, and he later confessed having received more than 1 mill. USD. Many considered the Starfighter program a politically motivated enterprise, with governments browbeaten into accepting a USAF cast-off out of U.S. political pressure. This debate was exacerbated by the F-104's alarming accident rate (in German service alone 292 of the 916 Starfighter's crashed, claiming the lives of 115 pilots), leading to cries that the Starfighter was fundamentally unsafe. In the 1970s it was revealed that Lockheed had engaged in an extensive campaign of bribery of foreign officials to obtain sales, a scandal that nearly led to the ailing corporation's downfall. Although that scandal was not specifically connected with the Starfighter, some have speculated that Lockheed's aggressive, sometimes bribery-based sales tactics stretched back to the "Deal of the Century" as well.
The F-104 in international service began to wind down in the late 1970s, replaced in many cases by the F-16, but it remained in service with some air forces for another two decades. The last frontline Starfighter's were with the Italian AMI, which retired in summer 2004.


"You need a populist, to beat a populist," was the argument made by an anonymous Cabinet Minister in favour of Boris Johnson leading a populist Conservative party into the next general election. But is this really the direction the Conservative party should be taking? According to James Forsyth of The Spectator some Tory donors think it is; they argue that in order to avoid Prime Minister Jeremy Corbyn, a Conservative populist is needed to beat a socialist one. The thinking is that Corbyn has been able to generate mass appeal due to his "man of the people" shtick and his ability to connect with the electorate on an emotional level, allowing him to position himself as a champion of the masses fighting valiantly "for the many, not the few". Proponents of Boris Johnson as the populist counter to Corbyn argue that the Foreign Secretary's ample doses of humour, charisma and rapport would be the antidote to Corbyn's populism. Supporters of this idea point to his electoral success as mayor of London when running against Ken Livingston (who, like Corbyn, was a member of the hard-left Bennite wing of the Labour party) as an example of how he could lead a populist Conservative charge against Corbyn's Labour Party.
However, as seemingly well-thought through as this strategy is, proponents of a populist-conservative alliance led by Boris Johnson do not really seem to understand what populism is. Not only do you have to have to energise the public, you have to appear to be leading the people on a crusade against the elite: be it political, media or cultural elites. Trump's "draining of the swamp", his attacks on the media and Hollywood are all perfect examples of this. Boris Johnson does energise the electorate, he is popular and is able to debate and draws the attention of the media, but he is not a populist; he does not mobilise the masses against British elites. Furthermore, no matter how hard you may try, an old Etonian Bullingdon Club boy will never be taken seriously when attempting to lead a charge against "the elite".
This is not a criticism of Boris Johnson, far from it, he is neither able nor should he seek to lead a populist Conservative party – because the principles of conservatism are not compatible with populism. At its core, populism of all stripes is about saying "we, the majority of the people are being screwed over, and if you put me into power I'm going to fight this oppressors on 'our' behalf". It is fundamentally collectivist: about us and them and is the antithesis of what Conservatism stands for; populism seeks to empower the state and the collective, not protect the individual. Therefore, it has a stifling effect on liberty and free enterprise by giving the state a greater mandate to intervene in the lives of their citizens for the benefit of "the people". We see this playing out in Trump's America with his pursuit of economic protectionism, his continuation of civil asset forfeiture and threats to revoke the licenses of media organizations he doesn't like. However, the way populists actually seek to empathise and at least pretend to understand what the electorate wants from government is positive, and I imagine it may be the aspect of populism which the anonymous Cabinet Minister had in mind when talking up Boris Johnson. However, the core collectivist component of populism means it runs directly contrary to the principles of Conservativism.
It's pretty easy to say what the Conservatives shouldn't be doing, but perhaps more importantly, what do I suggest should be their plan to win the next election? With the degree of uncertainty about who will actually be leading the Tories into the next election it's hard to make any specific recommendations. If it is Theresa May (highly unlikely), Boris Johnson, David Davis or any of the numerous other contenders, each would bring their own style, ideology and ideas to the leadership of the party. I would recommend however that the vison they offer is optimistic and looks to the future beyond Brexit and most importantly stays true to the values that an embrace of populism would abandon; liberty, individualism and free enterprise. This means coming up with bold solutions to problems like the housing crisis, student debt and social care that keep the core votes interests in mind but also offer something new, exciting and rooted in Conservative values.


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Cruise Port
Royal Caribbean Cruise
Caribbean islands Cruise
You've got just 10 hours in a Caribbean port - what's the best way to spend your day? You could hit the beach, shop till you drop, take an excursion to tour the island, or go snorkeling or hiking or find other active pursuits. The catch is, while you might return to some of the destinations on your cruise itinerary, you might never again set foot on others. No pressure, right?
If you're like us, you spend days pouring over your shore excursion booklet or cruise line Web site, trying to figure out the absolute best way to maximize your time in port. Independent travelers might go straight to private tour guides (and the invaluable Roll Call forums to find friendly folks to share the minivan), but many travelers - especially first-time cruisers - prefer to rely on ship-sponsored shore tours. And while it's great that the excursion choices seem endless, it doesn't make the decision-making process any easier.
To help you out, we've created a cheat sheet highlighting the key attractions of each destination and sample shore tours that include them for 30 ports in the Caribbean. You can't go wrong with these signature activities - but if they're not your cup of tea (or rum punch), just click on over to our port guides for more ideas.
While the Caribbean is most well-known for sun and sand, there's lots of history on offer as well. In St. John's, Antigua, the historical highlights are Nelson's Dockyard and Shirley Heights, both of which are remnants of the island's British military past. Each can be visited as a separate excursion, oftentimes combined with a beach stop or lunch, and both are typically included in any full bus tour of the island.
One of the best ways to see Aruba is with a tour that hits island highlights and offers some beach time. Along the way, you'll visit rock formations, lighthouses and some of the less touristy towns.
If ATV-ing and golfing aren't really your pace, a popular alternative in Barbados is a tour of the Mount Gay Rum distillery. Mount Gay claims its rum - produced since 1703 - is the oldest brand in existence. On a tour of the facility, you'll learn how the rum is made and enjoy a tasting. You can also sample local "Bajan" cuisine, an Africa-Caribbean-West-Indian-European mash up, at the on-site restaurant.
For high-flying views of Belize's rainforest, zip-lining is a must, and for those who enjoy swimming in ancient, darkened caverns, cave-tubing will be right up your alley. If you're feeling extra adventurous, book a tour that combines the two for an active day in port.
You're likely to catch a glimpse of sea turtles, barracuda and rays if you head to Bonaire Marine Park's pristine waters for snorkeling or scuba diving. Get out on the water by catamaran, then dive in; it's tough to beat the variety of marine life that surrounds this Southern Caribbean island.
Costa Maya is a laid-back tourism village carved out of Yucatan jungle featuring bars, restaurants, shops and pools. And while there are worthwhile side-trips, like a visit to the mysterious Mayan ruins at Chacchoben, most passengers opt to spend a carefree day sipping three-foot tubes of banana daiquiri, munching on chips and salsa, and swimming in the pools (the associated beach isn't suitable for swimming). For beach bums looking to escape the faux-village, there's a real one; the quirky fishing town of Mahahual, with its beachside shops and restaurants, is just a five-minute cab ride away.
A highlight of any Cozumel port of call is a visit to Tulum, the ruins of an ancient Mayan city. Situated atop ocean-front cliffs, Tulum offers fascinating history and gorgeous scenery. Most excursions to Tulum are half- or full-day trips, as close to two hours is usually spent on site and it does take a bit over an hour each way to get there.
Source: www.cruisecritic.com
Cruise Clue- Caribbean Islands
Caribbean Cruise, Cococay Island
Trip Highlights from our 2015 Caribbean Islands Cruise!
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No 1 Savoury Gravy is made with the finest ingredients to give balanced, flavourful gravy, which is suitable for vegans, vegetarians and coeliacs. This savoury gravy answers the demand for meat-free gravy that tastes as gravy should. It also meets the Department of Health 2017 salt targets.
Nature's Nectar is perfectly balanced with an irresistible texture, the figs adding a slight crunch to the creamy cheese.
The sweet honey notes perfectly complement the rich and fruity dark rum.


Track Shack had the honor of being the first store in the nation to test run the HOKA ONE ONE Arahi on January 18, 2017. The shoe was launched through a shake out run featuring special guests 2x Olympian Leo Manzano and Runner's World Bart Yasso. HOKA has a new way of approaching running and stability with the Arahi. The Arahi is a supportive shoe that is also lightweight and cushioned. HOKA has developed a new J-Frame™ technology that gives your foot support without using unnecessary materials.
Track Shack is excited to announce that the HOKA ONE ONE Arahi will be the featured Product of the Month for February! Run to Track Shack to try on the new HOKA ONE ONE Arahi today!


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Q: Combine Layout files for multiple version numbers All I have a different layout files for different versions of android like  layout-v13 ,  but I noticed that the files are the same for newer versions of android (API 11-16). Is there a way to group them together as something like layout-v11,12,13,14,15,16? Thanks for your time!

A: If what you're trying to do is show a different layout depending on which API version is available on the device, you want to use configuration qualifiers. The specifics for alternative resources are also documented.
The most basic way to do it is to create a layout folder for each API level you want to use, formatted as follows:
res/layout/layout.xml       (Default)
res/layout-v4/layout.xml    (Android 1.6 and higher)
res/layout-v11/layout.xml   (Android 3.0 and higher)

From Android  official documentation

In your case layout-v11 this will be used by devices running Android 3.0 Honeycomb and above

A: layout-v11 will be used by all devices running Android 3.0 and above. You should only break up the folders (i.e. layout-v11, layout-v12, etc.) if devices running the specific version require a different layout.


Sip in style, the striking blue tones of Mrs. Gardner's Blue Room in mind with this glamorous cobalt-colored wine goblet. The mouth-blown wine glass features diamond-cut etching, a meeting of antique and contemporary design.
Standing 9.5 inches tall and 3.5 inches in diameter, this glass can hold 10 ounces of liquid. Available in a variety of colors, the glam wine goblet will offer shimmer at every sip.


The GC has a great lineup of entertainment across all genres.
From stand up and sublime theatre, to spiritualism and beyond, The GC has the shows to tickle your Fringey fancy.
Myth - lives & songs of Piaf, Dietrich, Loren and other big names!
"Hopefully we see Brécko back for the Fringe in years to come" Adelaide Theatre Guide, 2018. Yes, Brécko is back! Singing the songs of unforgotten female artists from show-business and chatting about their lives.
Beloved Australian children's icon Humphrey B. Bear has been popping on TV screens since the '60s. 2019 will see our most enduring and endearing kids' entertainer at the Adelaide Fringe.
Falling in love. Falling together. Falling apart. From the heart and mind of Greg Fleet comes his 5 star award winning play that is equal parts irresistible first kiss and unstoppable hate fuelled wrecking ball.


Hinz Design | "Beyond Human" Environment design of a utopian future.
Movie environment design of a utopian future.
"A near future, where humanity advanced quickly, nature recovered and the never-ending keynote of endless expansion stopped existing thanks to science, culture and art. Only some people prefer to live off the grid in small communities outside of the vertical cities. Who knows who they are or why they are ... against us?"


In the city limits but outside of the hustle and bustle! Bring your building plans and dreams! 8 acres near Lake Waxahachie.
CUTE 3-2-2 ON LARGE CORNER LOT! Updates throughout include light fixtures, solid surface counters. Storage Shed.
Nice 3 bedroom, 1 bath brick home, 1 car garage.Perfect for Investor or First Time Home Buyers. Recently replaced Roof and Hot Water Heater.
+/- 10 ACRES IN DESIRABLE CRYSTAL COVE. LIVE AT THE LAKE-GREAT PLACE TO BUILD(DEED RETRICTED) SURROUNDED BY NICE HOMES.
+ OR - 18.89 ACRES IN SMALL TOWN ITALY. HWY 77 ROAD FRONTAGE-POSSIBILITIES ARE ENDLESS! OUTSIDE OF TOWN BUT CLOSE ENOUGH TO WHAT YOU NEED.
4/2.5/3 UPDATED ON 1 ACRE. INVITING POOL. BALCONY OUTSIDE MASTER. CULDESAC. GREAT LANDSCAPING! POOL HOUSE W/FULL BATH & STORAGE.
NICE 3-2 MOVE-IN READY HOME WITH CENTRAL HEAT AND AIR. COVERED PATIO. ESTABLISHED TREES IN BACKYARD. UPDATED KITCHEN.
Affordable living in Garden Valley Ranch! 3-2-2 with amazing backyard. Split bedrooms, Open concept Kitchen & Living. Move-in Ready.
Spacious garden home! Established trees which is rare for the area. Open concept kitchen and living area. Oversized, split bedrooms. Unique features.
Nice 1.7+ Acre lot in town - convenient location - bring your building plans & imagine the possibilities.


text:
Le district de Wa ouest  (officiellement Wa West District, en Anglais) est l'un des 9 districts de la Région du Haut Ghana occidental au Ghana.

Villages du district
 Vieri
 Metiaw
 Nyoli (Yipehiboa)
 Nechau (Wechia)
 Ga

Voir aussi
 Districts du Ghana
 Régions du Ghana

Sources
 GhanaDistricts.com

District au Ghana


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US crude rises $1, settling at $70.46, but posts 3rd straight weekly loss
Published Thu, Jul 19 2018 9:20 PM EDT Updated Fri, Jul 20 2018 2:41 PM EDT
Crude futures rose on Friday as the dollar slumped after President Donald Trump said Europe, China and others are manipulating their currencies.
Still, oil prices were set for a weekly drop on concerns about oversupply and the ongoing trade conflict between the United States and China.
Markets edged up in the previous session and early Friday in the wake of Saudi Arabia moving to allay some fears of oversupply.
A pump jack operates at a well site leased by Devon Energy Production Co. near Guthrie, Oklahoma.
Nick Oxford | Reuters
Oil prices rose on Friday as a weakening dollar and lower expected August oil exports from Saudi Arabia supported the market, overtaking concerns about U.S.-China trade tensions and supply increases.
Despite Friday's gains, crude futures posted a third consecutive weekly decline as supply increases pulled prices lower during the course of the week.
The expiring U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude contract for August delivery ended Friday's session up $1, or 1.4 percent, to $70.46 a barrel, while the more heavily traded September contract was trading 10 cents higher at $68.34 just before the settle.
Brent oil was 47 cents higher at $73.05 a barrel by 2:27 p.m. ET.
Crude futures got a boost as the U.S. dollar slumped on comments from President Donald Trump that China and Europe are manipulating their currency and the Federal Reserve is hurting economic growth by raising interest rates.
Trump: I don't necessarily agree with raising rates
Power Lunch
A weaker greenback typically supports oil prices because it makes crude, which is sold in dollars, more affordable to holders of other currencies.
"The dollar was a one-way ticket for the last couple of weeks and basically reversed directions, giving us some strong support," Flynn said.
Prices are also finding some support after OPEC's largest oil producer, Saudi Arabia, said it would temper its exports next month.
There was also bullish news from American oilfields, where U.S. energy companies this week cut oil rigs by the most since March. Drillers cut 5 oil rigs in the week to July 20, bringing the total count down to 858, General Electric's Baker Hughes energy services firm said in its closely followed report on Friday.
However, trade tensions continued to weigh on the market, providing a ceiling for any gains, traders said. Trump said in a CNBC interview he was ready to put tariffs on all $500 billion of imported goods from China.
Lower oil demand in the United States and China caused by an economic slowdown from their trade dispute would likely weigh heavily on markets.
Trump weighs in on the trade war with China
Squawk Box
"The impact on world economic growth of a levy of this magnitude will be severe and will likely have a strong negative impact on markets," said Olaf van den Heuvel, chief investment officer at Aegon Asset Management.
The People's Bank of China on Friday reduced its midpoint for the yuan for the seventh straight trading day to the lowest in a year.
The yuan then retreated to a near 13-month low, although it rebounded later.
Signs of Russia and Saudi Arabia increasing oil production, as well as last week's surprise build in U.S. crude stockpiles, have also weighed on prices, said Tariq Zahir, analyst at Tyche Capital Advisors.
"You're having supply come back on to the markets, so it's not surprising to see a little bit of weakness," Zahir said.
A group of Norwegian drilling rigs workers agreed on Thursday to end a strike that began on July 10, removing a threat to oil and gas production in the region.
"[A]cting as a further brake on upside potential was the conclusion of an oil workers' strike in Norway," analyst at London brokerage PVM Oil Associates Stephen Brennock said.
— CNBC's Tom DiChristopher contributed to this report
Baker Hughes Inc
Tom DiChristopher
US Dollar Currency Index


My friend Lili always finds something unique when she travels. She is exploring the local music and is sharing her discoveries in her recently made blog WhyIsTheNightSooLong which I strongly recomend, but she sometimes finds other amazing stuff like these cute little men from Mainz, Germany. Thank you, Lili!


The peloton is down to no more than 168 today since Spanish rider Moisés Nevado Dueñas of Barloworld (their top rider since Soler is out, at 19th overall) was busted for EPO. The positive test was from the Stage 4 time trial, and was a followup to suspicious hematocrit levels before the Tour began.
Longo Borghini broke his collarbone in a crash. Cardenas stopped at about 35 km left in the stage.
164. DUMOULIN Samuel 185 COFIDIS CREDIT PAR TELEPHONE 4h 20' 27" + 22' 14"
165. PORTAL Nicolas 38 CAISSE D'EPARGNE 4h 20' 27" + 22' 14"
166. CASPER Jimmy 123 AGRITUBEL 4h 20' 43" + 22' 30"
161. CASPER Jimmy 123 AGRITUBEL 48h 37' 48" + 1h 55' 35"
162. EISEL Bernhard 45 TEAM COLUMBIA 48h 38' 09" + 1h 55' 56"
163. RIBLON Christophe 108 AG2R-LA MONDIALE 48h 39' 23" + 1h 57' 10"
164. AUGE Stéphane 182 COFIDIS CREDIT PAR TELEPHONE 48h 42' 46" + 2h 00' 33"
165. SPRICK Matthieu 146 BOUYGUES TELECOM 48h 44' 33" + 2h 02' 20"
166. VANSEVENANT Wim 9 SILENCE - LOTTO 48h 46' 15" + 2h 04' 02"