text:
Join OGE on the path to climate neutrality!
We support you in your climate-neutral handling of CO2 with our own CO2 transportation infrastructure.
Climate protection and the needs of industry – we combine the two
We build infrastructure for the transportation of CO2, thereby facilitating a circular economy around CO2. Within this cycle, we move CO2 from the place of its capture to the destination of its further use or storage.
This way, we combine our efforts towards climate protection with the economic and ecological interests of our customers.
To achieve sustainable climate protection in line with the Paris Agreement on international climate protection (COP21) and the German climate protection goals, we need renewable energies, green gases, and avoidance of CO2 emissions. To intensively support this, OGE is providing a hydrogen infrastructure.
Nevertheless, in a number of industrial production processes CO2 emissions are unavoidable 1: Cement, lime and glass production, for example, will have to emit CO2 in the future, even if it has switched to renewable energies 2, 3, 4. Conversely, the entire organic chemical industry with its downstream value chains needs carbon as a raw material 5.
Offsetting of CO2 emissions through the purchase of CO2 certificates can only be a long-term perspective for avoidable emissions. For unavoidable emissions, a circular economy centered around CO2 can be an efficient alternative for climate protection and for businesses 6.
Avoiding CO2 Emissions
Renewable energies and green gases
Climate-neutral handling of CO2 and carbon
Use our infrastructure for a climate-neutral energy system
A climate-neutral energy system requires various infrastructures: for electricity, gas, hydrogen, and also for CO2 7, 8.
We work on your behalf, connecting the locations where CO2 is produced, used, or needs to be stored.
We are already planning this CO2 infrastructure with initial projects and routes. As one of the leading transmission system operators in Europe, we have the expertise and the technical prerequisites for the development of this kind of infrastructure.
Our CO2 transportation grid
The transportation grid consists of the CO2 starter grid and expansion routes. With a length of 964 km, the planned CO2 starter grid is set to transport 18.8 million tons of CO2 in future. We would like to develop both, the CO2 starter grid and the expansion routes, flexibly according to transport demand. Currently we assume that the infrastructure will be completely rebuilt.
This way, we connect locations where CO2 is captured, such as the cement and lime industries, with places where CO2 is used, like the chemical industry – all with the goal of a circular economy. We also link up locations where CO2 is captured with relevant port facilities like Wilhelmshaven.
Are you interested in using this CO2 transportation grid? Then get in touch with us!
go to contact
Starter grid Expansion routes
What does OGE achieve through transportation of CO2?
By transporting CO2 between its capture and utilization or its storage, we support the long-term, climate-neutral management of this greenhouse gas 9, 10.
CO2 capture instead of CO2 emission
Use as a raw material in a CO2 circular economy or long-term binding in products
Unavoidable CO2 emissions
In spite of all the measures towards decarbonisation, there are still unavoidable CO2 emissions in branches of industry that do not have alternative processes, products and resources for the same use case.
CO2 capture
Unavoidable CO2 emissions from industry are collected largely through CO2 capture – either from the air or directly at the source of the emissions.
CO2 transportation
OGE transports the captured CO2 through its pipeline infrastructure: for use as part of the circular economy or for storage.
CO2 utilization
CCU (Carbon Capture and Utilization) refers to the usage of previously captured CO2.
In the long term, carbon or hydrocarbons will still be needed in a climate-neutral system; for example, for air and sea transport or for the chemical industry. For this, the recycling of products containing carbon is becoming ever more important.
But because the need cannot be met through recycling alone, additional CCU measures must be applied. In the glossary, you will find further examples of use of CO2.
CO2 circular economy
Recycling of emitted CO2 results in a circular economy. This circular economy is a key element for a competitive transformation of value chains. A circular carbon economy like this makes it possible to combine climate protection and resource conservation.
The CO2 can also be transported to the place where it is to be stored.
As a general rule, CO2 can be stored as soon as it is captured (CCS Carbon Capture and Storage), as well as after capture and usage (CCUS Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage).
The energy transition will only work if businesses and stakeholders cooperate across value chains as well as products and develop and drive forward initiatives together.
Tree Energy Solutions (TES) is a green hydrogen company supplying long term non-intermittent carbon-neutral energy on demand at large scale.
TES's prime objective is to accelerate the energy transition by leveraging existing global energy infrastructure to reach customers with green hydrogen, green gas and green power while accelerating the phase out of fossil fuels from the energy system globally and introducing a circular carbon economy.
The company was founded by the Belgian investment company AtlasInvest which has an established track record in the energy sector and has invested increasingly in renewable energy projects.
The following associations also see the need for a CO2 infrastructure and therefore support our initiative:
Federal Association of the Glass Industry
Federal Association of the German Lime Industry
Association of thermal waste utilization plants in Germany
Association of the Chemical Industry
German Cement Plants Association
Steel Industry Association
CO2 transport as a focus of policymakers
Forecasts of CO2 emissions
Despite all decarbonisation efforts in industry and in the energy sector, without CO2 capture and storage, in the year 2045 there will still be approx. 42 million tons of CO2 equivalent emitted every year. Of these, approx. 26 million tons come from process emissions that are extremely hard to avoid, primarily from the cement and chemical industries.
Around 24 million tons of CO2 can be captured and stored each year. Forecasts suggest it is possible to recycle a further 10 million tons of CO2 per year after capture.11
OGE aims to use its own CO2 transport infrastructure to help Germany to achieve its climate targets.
German industry and energy sector in 2045
Agreements and strategies in Europe, Germany and NRW
European Commission Communication: Sustainable Carbon Cycles
In December 2021, the European Commission adopted the Communication "Sustainable Carbon Cycles". It contains three key measures for achieving the European climate goals:
Carbon recycling and circular economy with CCU
CCS12
Coalition agreement of the German Federal Government
The coalition agreement between the SPD, Alliance 90/The Greens, and the FDP states, in the chapter on 'Transformation of the Economy': "We acknowledge the necessity of technical negative emissions as well, and will develop a long-term strategy for dealing with the approximately five percent of unavoidable residual emissions."13
Long-term scenarios by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection
The Long-Term Scenarios 3 published in December 2021 for the Industry module incorporate CCU and CCS as options for capturing remaining process-related emissions in cement and lime production after primary CO2 avoidance. Among the possibilities for CO2-neutral industrial production is the CO2 cycle over the plastics lifecycle, including the infrastructure for CO2 capture and transportation, as well as CO2 capture and storage.14
Carbon Management Strategy of the State of NRW
The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Innovation, Digitalisation and Energy of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (MWIDE) published the Carbon Management Strategy for the state in October 2021, which addresses four areas of action: decarbonisation, sustainable carbon use, CO2 management and social discourse. A crucial element for climate-neutral industry in NRW is considered to be a circular carbon economy, along with holistic management of CO2 by means of capture, transportation, utilization and storage, since full decarbonisation is not possible, it states. The strategy also points out that a pipeline-based CO2 infrastructure is required for the industrial scale in NRW.15
show allclose all
Can I buy and sell CO2 through OGE?
show moreclose
As an infrastructure operator, OGE exclusively markets transport capacities and is not active in commodities in any transport medium. For the commodity sector, OGE has teamed up with strong partners.
Why should I have CO2 transported via pipelines and not through other means of transportation?
Transport infrastructure is needed for transportation to both, storage sites and to ultimate further utilization of CO2. The possible means of transport are truck, rail or ship transport as well as pipeline transportation. Here though, truck and rail transport are practical only for small quantities and short distances, while ships and pipelines are also suitable for larger volumes and greater distances. Pipeline transportation, however, offers a cost advantage for high capacities. Hence, in the long term, pipeline infrastructure has a task to connect particularly the major industrial locations where CO2 occurs as process emissions and those where CO2 is required as a raw material.16, 17
Why should I register my CO2 transportation requirements with OGE? Whom can I contact?
OGE operates the biggest gas transmission grid in Germany with around 12,000 km of pipelines. It has many years of experience as an infrastructure operator, as well as excellent know-how in pipeline construction and the transport business. Furthermore, OGE has teamed up with strong partners for CO2 infrastructure operation. Please feel free to contact us with your transport request at co2@no-botsoge.net.
I have a demand for CO2. Where does it come from?
OGE works with partners who capture the process-related or energy-related CO2 emissions in line with EU regulations. We transport this CO2 from one of our partners to you.
I would like to have CO2 removed. Where does it go?
OGE works with partners who are responsible for CO2 storage and partners where CO2 is used as a raw material or permanently bound in products. We transport your CO2 to one of our partners, where it will be further processed or stored in line with EU regulations.
Carbon dioxide within German DVGW standards: C 260 specifies the quality of CO2 and CO2 streams, whereas C463 covers the design and construction of CO2 steel pipelines. The detailed regulatory framework is available in the member area of the DVGW website or can be bought via the following link: DVGW-Regelwerk Gas/Kohlenstoffdioxid
CO2 specification: The proposed CO2 specification of TES and OGE represents a working status. We are interested in exchanging views with potential customers and partners in order to further develop and optimize the CO2 specification: CO2 specification
GlossarySources
Difference between C, CO and CO2
Carbon, C, is also known as the atom of life. It is in DNA and in half of our food – chemistry knows of 200,000 compounds in the world without carbon and 20 million with it. It is found in many compounds (including frequently as CO2) and performs multiple functions: It is used to generate heat and power, as an aid in process technology (e.g. in steel production), and as a basic material in the manufacturing of products such as pharmaceuticals or plastics.
Carbon dioxide, CO2, occurs naturally in the air at a rate of 0.038%. CO2 absorbs part of the heat given off by the earth and radiates it back to the earth, which is why it is one of the greenhouse gases. It is a non-toxic, neither flammable nor explosive gas, and is a natural by-product of cellular respiration in many living organisms. CO2 is also released as dead organisms decay or through natural CO2 sources, such as volcanic gases. It is also produced, however, through combustion of wood, coal, oil or gas due to the carbon they contain (C), which combines with oxygen (O2).
Carbon monoxide, CO, is a flammable, toxic gas. Unlike CO2, CO does not occur naturally in the atmosphere. It is formed by the incomplete combustion of coal, natural gas or oil. A low oxygen content and low temperatures lead to the formation of carbon monoxide during combustion, but it can be further burned to create CO2 where there is a sufficient oxygen supply.
Unavoidable CO2
Process-related CO2 quantities result from the reaction itself and not through the use of the energy required for the process. In industry, these are considered unavoidable if their formation cannot be prevented despite optimisation of the production process or the product. This is the case when no alternative processes and no alternative products or resources are available to a sufficient extent for the same use case.
These currently include, for example, process-related CO2 quantities from glass production, the chemical industry, lime and cement production, and electric arc furnaces in the steel industry.
Green or biogenic CO2
Biogenic CO2 is produced by the combustion or fermentation of biomass (organic material consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen), such as wood. Combustion of biomass produces emissions that are considered CO2-neutral because the carbon is produced from a neutral CO2 cycle. Trees, for example, capture CO2 from the air as they grow, but when the wood is burned it is released back into the air. The total volume of CO2 in the atmosphere thus remains the same in this case. The use of biogenic CO2 is climate-neutral under the same circumstances as the utilisation of biomass.
Grey and fossil CO2
Fossil CO2 occurs through the use of fossil carbon (e.g. coal or lime). The use of fossil CO2 for manufacturing products in which the carbon is not permanently chemically bound (so-called long-lived products) is therefore not climate-neutral, because the CO2 escapes into the atmosphere and contributes to climate change. A sensible circular economy is therefore all the more important here in order to reduce the further use of conventional fossil carbons.
CO2 capture refers to the process of "capturing" CO2 from the air, from biomass, or from industrial emissions. Here, for example, a technical process makes it possible to capture up to 90% of CO2 emissions produced by industry.
CO2 can be captured directly from the air by means of a special process known as Direct Air Capture.
The abbreviation CCS stands for Carbon Capture and Storage. Following the capture of CO2 from the air, from industrial emissions, or from biomass, there are various processes for storing this CO2, also known as sequestration. Here, a distinction is made between geological storage, where the CO2 is stored underground in rock formations, in natural sinks such as peat, bogs, or forests that naturally sequester carbon, and permanent sequestration in long-lived products.
CCU, Carbon Capture and Utilization, refers to the subsequent use of CO2 after CO2 capture. In the long term, even in a climate-neutral system carbon or hydrocarbons will still be needed, for example for air and sea transport or for the chemical industry. Recycling of carbon-containing products as a raw material source is gaining immense importance in this context. Since not all products can be recycled, on the one hand, and on the other this would most likely cover only part of the demand, CCU measures will be necessary to meet the demand using CO2 from the atmosphere as well as from unavoidable CO2 sources.
If CO2 is first used after capture before being stored, this process is known as Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage.
Types of CO2 use
After the capture of CO2, it can be used in a wide variety of ways or bound long-term in products (CCU), e.g.:
As an energy source: liquid fuels, energy storage, gaseous fuels
As a material: solvents, fertilizers, urea, flexible foams, plastics, rigid foams, concrete and aggregates, cement and mortar
Physically: carbonated drinks, dry ice, fertiliser, greenhouses, fire extinguishers, refrigeration systems
Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (ed.) (dena, 2021). "dena-Leitstudie Aufbruch Klimaneutralität", p. 19.
Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (ed.) (dena, 2021). "dena-Leitstudie Aufbruch Klimaneutralität", p. 136.
Ministry of Economic Affairs, Innovation, Digitalisation and Energy of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.). (2021). Kohlenstoff kann Klimaschutz - Carbon Management Strategie Nordrhein-Westfalen, p. 39.
Fraunhofer ISI, Fleiter, T., Rehfeldt, M., Manz, P., Neuwirth, M. & Herbst, A. (2021, December). Langfristszenarien für die Transformation des Energiesystems in Deutschland 3 - Treibhausgasneutrale Hauptszenarien, Modul Industrie, p. 83.
Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (ed.) (dena, 2021). "dena-Leitstudie Aufbruch Klimaneutralität", p. 214-215.
European Commission (2021, December). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council. Sustainable Carbon Cycles. Brussels, p. 1-2.
Coalition Agreement 2021-2025 between the Social Democratic Party (SPD), Alliance 90/The Greens and the Free Democratic Party (FDP) (2021). Mehr Fortschritt wagen, p. 51.
Fraunhofer ISI, Fleiter, T., Rehfeldt, M., Manz, P., Neuwirth, M. & Herbst, A. (2021, December). Langfristszenarien für die Transformation des Energiesystems in Deutschland 3 - Treibhausgasneutrale Hauptszenarien, Modul Industrie, p. 111-112.
Ministry of Economic Affairs, Innovation, Digitalisation and Energy of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.). (2021). Kohlenstoff kann Klimaschutz - Carbon Management Strategie Nordrhein-Westfalen, p. 11, 36, 49.
Your contact personHide
Martin Frings
co2@no-botsoge.net
OGE
Our hydrogen projects
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Tai Chi Classes Lancaster: You can readily acquire local tai chi classes in your neighbourhood with the help of our business maps, you could in addition submit your criteria and receive price quotes for tai chi classes in Lancaster, Lancashire and surrounding areas. Unearth the least expensive and closest tai chi classes to you.
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text:
315.217.1178 brant@gomobiletours.com
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Satellites and Soup Nazis: The Trials and Tribulations of Using GPS in a Smartphone Tour
by Brant Huddleston | Sep 1, 2015 | By Brant, Mobile Tourism | 0 comments
My first attempt to build a smartphone tour was an abject failure. I used a framework that I thought was fantastic until I started testing my own product. Then the app had me walking into duck ponds, slamming into concrete barricades, and becoming entangled in rose gardens. Not good!
The problem was that both the framework developer and I tried to get too fancy. We were using the device's Geographic Positioning System (GPS) to guide us from one point of interest (POI) to the next. Under normal circumstances that technique would have worked great. After all, most of use GPS in our cars to direct us from one point to the other, with Google Maps, Waze and the like, and for the most part those apps work great. But alas, these were not normal circumstances.
The tour site was in Washington DC, in and around memorial parks and the White House. If you've been there you know: It's a labyrinth of meandering foot paths, sometimes crossing busy city streets. There are buildings all around, and there is security…lots of security. Park police, city police, the Secret Service and probably a few special ops guys are in the field protecting the president of the United States and other important dignitaries. Should the president decide to pop out of the White House for a latte, several motorcades of black SUVs race through the city, all but one of which are decoys. Security personnel are constantly moving barricades based one what is happening at the time, and there is always something happening in DC.
Of course none of these changes were communicated to me, as I am apparently not on the Secret Service's distribution list. Thus my app would direct the tourist to "turn left, go down the stairs, turn right, go straight, and look left" when that could very well put our hapless tourist in a newly formed high security zone, not to mention a shiny set of hand cuffs. I would learn of these navigational changes during countless road trips to DC to test the app…a four hour round trip without traffic, and there is always traffic.
The framework developers were a bit picky about communicating changes: They all had to be submitted by email. Have you seen the Soup Nazi on Seinfeld? Yeah, it was kinda like that. Each time changes were needed, I would have to write them up in detail, sometimes using Google Earth for clarity, and respectfully submit the changes to the developers, with a bow. Then they would have to recompile the modified app for both the iPhone and Android and resubmit it to the app stores. This was a painful process for everyone involved except the president, who was blissfully laid back in his air conditioned SUV sipping a Chai latte.
Then there were the ghosts.
"Ghosts?" you say.
Yes. GPS signals have a tendency to bounce around a bit in dense urban areas, sometimes becoming inaccurate by several meters. Misleading signals, or "false positives," imply there is something there when there isn't, hence the term "ghosts." In an environment where even a few inches can mean the difference between seeing the Signer's Memorial or having a shoe full of duck poo, ghosts are not welcome.
About the 100th time I had to approach the Soup Nazis, we grew exasperated and fired each other. Between the ghosts and the path changes, there were just too many changes to keep up with, and being European, they could not fathom why it was happening. Keep in mind that in their country roads follow the cow paths paved by the Romans 3,000 years ago. Things don't change that much, so they had a "set it and forget it" mentality that was embedded in their framework design. But it just weren't workin' out here in 'merica.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: When should transative dependencies in maven be explicitly defined? A lot of open source projects like spring consist of multiple modules, when adding those modules as dependencies in maven should I explicitly defined every dependency or just let the transitive dependency management do its thing. For example which of the two cases below is a best practice.
case 1: Include the highest level features that I want
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

case 2: Include each part of the framework as an explicit dependency
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
            .... other dependencies that are transitively resolved by maven
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

Which is the best practice case 1 or case 2 and why?

A: It depends on if you are declaring any other dependencies that use the same dependencies (in this case, Spring). If all you need is the top-level dependency, declare that. If you are using other dependencies that rely on specific versions of a transitive dependency, declare that as an explicit dependency.
Using Spring as an example: If you declare spring-webmvc and then later decide you need another spring package, say spring-security, it may be a good idea to explicitly define any shared dependencies that they both rely on, just so you know which version is being included with your project.
Basically, declare anything that you need a specific version of and let maven take care of the rest until you either need to exclude versions or declare specific versions. This is what maven is built to do, so let it manage the dependencies until it makes a wrong decision.

A: I think #1 is better, since from the official docs it is clear that spring-webmvc is dependent on which all spring modules.
<!--
    Spring MVC for Servlet Environments (depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context, spring-web)
    Define this if you use Spring MVC with a Servlet Container such as Apache Tomcat (org.springframework.web.servlet.*)
-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

You can also take a look at the pom to see that all the dependencies for spring-webmvc depend on the same version as it is on.
Therefore I don't see any need for declaring them explicitly in your pom, at least for this use case.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Does Java FileChannel.tryLock work on Mac OS X? I have the code that similar to below. This code works fine on Windows and Linux but on Mac 10.5 and 10.6 gives java.io.Exception opertaion not supported.
Many thanks for any help in this regard.
try
{
  File file = new File("FILELOCK3");
  FileChannel channel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel();
  FileLock lock = null;
  try
  {
    lock = channel.tryLock();
  } catch (OverlappingFileLockException e)
  {
    lock.release();
    channel.close();
    System.exit(0);
  }
} catch (Exception e)
{
}

A: From another source I get the impression that the error depends on the underlying file system:

Apple has not implemented file locking feature on a few selected file systems.

... and the referenced message was posted in May 2005.


text:
The Public Service (Civil Servants and Others) Pensions (Amendment) Regulations 2015
Previous: Schedule
Next: Explanatory Note
Open Instrument without Schedules
Regulation 2
This schedule has no associated Explanatory Memorandum
Regulation 184
"SCHEDULE 4The Partnership Death Benefits Arrangements
PART 1Preliminary
1. In this Schedule—
"the 1972 Section" means Section II of the PCSPS;
"the 2002 Section" means Section I of the PCSPS;
"the 2007 Section" means Section III of the PCSPS;
"alpha" means the scheme established by regulation 3;
"death benefits" in relation to a person means benefits payable in the event of the person's death;
"final pensionable earnings" has the meaning given in paragraph 2;
"last day of eligible service" in relation to a person (P) means the last day, during P's current period of service in scheme employment, of P's latest period of service during which P has a partnership pension account to which P's employer is paying contributions; and
"partnership death benefits arrangements" means the arrangements for payment of death benefits set out in this Schedule or in the scheme made under section 1 of SA 1972 which provided for death benefits for persons who have a partnership pension account.
Meaning of "final pensionable earnings"
2.—(1) In this Schedule, "final pensionable earnings" in relation to a person (P) to whom this Schedule applies means the greater of—
(a)P's permanent pensionable earnings in the 12 months ending on P's last day of eligible service; and
(b)P's permanent pensionable earnings in one of the last 2 complete scheme years ending on or before the last day on which P was in scheme employment.
(2) This sub-paragraph applies where—
(a)P's last day of eligible service is after 29th July 2007;
(b)P returned from unpaid leave or unpaid absence during the 12 months ending with P's last day of eligible service;
(c)P was in scheme employment during the whole of the period of 12 months ending with P's last day of eligible service; and
(d)during the period of unpaid leave or unpaid absence referred to in paragraph (b) P did not have a partnership pension account to which P's employer was paying contributions.
(3) Where sub-paragraph (2) applies, the period of 12 months referred to in sub-paragraph (1)(a) shall be taken as being the period of 365 days plus the number of days during the period of unpaid leave or unpaid absence referred to in sub-paragraph (2)(b).
(4) If the period of 365 days referred to in sub-paragraph (3) includes 29th February, that paragraph has effect with the substitution for "365" of "366".
(5) For the purpose of sub-paragraph (1), P's permanent pensionable earnings for any period include any assumed pay which P is treated as receiving during that period.
(6) If P was in part-time service during any period which is relevant for the purpose of sub-paragraph (1), P's final pensionable earnings are calculated by reference to P's actual rate of pensionable earnings during that period.
(7) If P was not in scheme employment during the whole of the 12 month period referred to in sub-paragraph (1)(a), that sub-paragraph applies as if it referred to P's annualised permanent pensionable earnings in P's latest period of scheme employment ending with P's last day of eligible service.
(8) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (7), P's annualised permanent pensionable earnings for a period are—
PPE is P's permanent pensionable earnings for the period; and
N is the number of days in the period.
(9) If the period referred to in sub-paragraph (8) includes 29th February, sub-paragraph (8) has effect with the substitution for "365" of "366".
(10) Only pensionable earnings in P's latest continuous period of service in scheme employment are to be taken into account for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) and (b).
(11) In sub-paragraph (10), "continuous period of service in scheme employment" means a period of service in scheme employment disregarding any gap in service in scheme employment not exceeding 6 months.
PART 2Application
Persons to whom this Schedule applies
3. Subject to paragraph 4, this Schedule applies to any person who—
(a)has a partnership pension account; and
(b)is in service in a scheme employment immediately prior to the person's death.
Exclusions from Schedule application
4. This Schedule does not apply to a person (P) if—
(a)the terms of P's employment provide that the partnership death benefits arrangements do not apply to P;
(b)P's employer has made alternative provision for death benefits in respect of P;
(c)P's employer is not making payments to the scheme manager for the arrangements for payment of death benefits set out in this Schedule to apply to P; or
(d)P opts for the partnership death benefits arrangements not to apply to P.
PART 3Lump sum death benefits
Payment of lump sum death benefits
5. A lump sum death benefit is payable if a person to whom this Schedule applies dies before reaching the age of 75.
Nominations for lump sum death benefits
6.—(1) A person to whom this Schedule applies (P) may nominate a person or persons to receive a lump sum death benefit.
(2) P may nominate—
(a)one or more individuals, or
(b)one incorporated or unincorporated body.
(3) If P nominates two or more individuals, P may indicate in the nomination how P wishes the payments to be apportioned between them.
(4) A nomination may only be made by notice in writing to the administrator of this scheme in such form as the scheme manager requires or is willing to accept.
(5) P may revoke or alter a nomination by a further notice in writing to the administrator of this scheme in such form as the scheme manager requires or is willing to accept.
Invalid nominations of individuals
7.—(1) The nomination of an individual by a person to whom this Schedule applies (P) is invalid if—
(a)the individual nominated is P's spouse or civil partner and the individual is not P's spouse or civil partner when P dies;
(b)the individual predeceases P; or
(c)the individual is convicted of the offence of murder or manslaughter of P.
(2) The scheme manager may determine that the nomination of an individual is invalid if the individual is convicted of any offence (apart from those mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c)) of which the unlawful killing of P is an element.
Payment of lump sum death benefit to nominees or personal representatives
8.—(1) The scheme manager may pay the lump sum death benefit payable in respect of a person to whom this Schedule applies (P) to—
(a)the person or persons nominated by P under paragraph 6 ("the nominees");
(b)P's personal representatives; or
(c)both the nominees and P's personal representatives.
(2) If the scheme manager decides to pay all or part of the lump sum death benefit to the nominees and more than one individual has been nominated, the payment is to be made to them in such proportions as the scheme manager considers appropriate.
(3) If the scheme manager decides to pay the lump sum death benefit to the nominees and to P's personal representatives, the payment is to be made to them in such proportions as the scheme manager considers appropriate.
Amount of lump sum death benefits
9.—(1) Subject to sub-paragraphs (2) to (6), the amount of the lump sum death benefit payable in respect of a person to whom this Schedule applies (P) is equal to the amount of P's final pensionable earnings multiplied by 3.
(2) If, in respect of P, a lump sum is payable under rule E.16 of the 2002 Section (amount of lump sum benefit under rule E.14: deferred members), the amount specified in sub-paragraph (1) is only payable if and to the extent that it exceeds the aggregate amount of any lump sum payments made in respect of P under rule E.16 of the 2002 Section.
(3) If, in respect of P, a lump sum is payable under rule 3.16 of the 1972 Section (preserved benefits), the amount specified in sub-paragraph (1) is only payable if and to the extent that it exceeds the aggregate amount of any lump sum payments made in respect of P under rule 3.16 of the 1972 Section.
(4) If, in respect of P, a lump sum is payable under rule F.13 of the 2007 Section (amount of lump sum benefit under rule F.11: deferred members and pensioner members) as it applies to a deceased deferred member of Section III (within the meaning of that Section), the amount specified in sub-paragraph (1) is only payable if and to the extent that it exceeds the aggregate amount of any lump sum payments made in respect of P under rule F.13 of the 2007 Section.
(5) If, in respect of P, a lump sum is payable under regulation 131 (amount payable on death of deferred member or pensioner member of alpha (death out of service)) as it applies to a deceased deferred member of alpha (within the meaning of that scheme), the amount specified in sub-paragraph (1) is only payable if and to the extent that it exceeds the aggregate amount of any lump sum payments made in respect of P under regulation 131.
(6) If, in respect of P, lump sums are payable under two or more of the provisions of the PCSPS or alpha referred to in sub-paragraphs (2) to (5), the amount specified in sub-paragraph (1) is only payable if and to the extent that it exceeds the aggregate amount of the lump sums that are payable."
PrintThis Schedule only
PDF This Schedule only
Web page This Schedule only
Explanatory Memorandum sets out a brief statement of the purpose of a Statutory Instrument and provides information about its policy objective and policy implications. They aim to make the Statutory Instrument accessible to readers who are not legally qualified and accompany any Statutory Instrument or Draft Statutory Instrument laid before Parliament from June 2004 onwards.


text:
Q: How to avoid duplicate object in array and only update the item quantity in Angular 2 I'm trying to find a way to remove duplicate object from my array list and update the item quantity property instead. I'm pushing the objects to my sharedService.
item component -- but this only updates the quantity by 1 but still pushes the same object in the array. Not sure if the if() should be in the addToBasket() or in the SharedService but pretty sure the if() statement is wrong.
How can I push unique object into my array and only update the quantity when you add the same object/item?
addToBasket() {
let items = {
  id: '123',
  quantity: 1
};

if (items) {
  items.quantity = parseInt(items.quantity) + 1;
} else {
  this.basketArr = {
    id: items.name,
    quantity: items.quantity
  }
}
 this.sharedService.itemCollection(items);
}

My SharedService so far is only holding the array objects
itemCollection(id) {
  this.itemArr.push(id);
  console.log(this.itemArr);
}

Desired result should look like value 2 is an updated quantity.
[{ id: '123, quantity: 2 }]

instead of --
[
 { id: '123, quantity: 2 },
 { id: '123, quantity: 2 }
]

Plnkr Sample

A: check whether the new item exists before push it to Array.
itemCollection(id) {
  // check whether id exists
  var index = this.itemArr.findIndex(item => item.id === id.id);

  if (index > -1) {
    // check quantity to determin whether replace the exist one or not
    if (id.quantity === this.itemArr[index].quantity) {
      return;
    } else {
      // update quantity for the exist one
      this.itemArr[index].quantity = id.quantity;
    }
  } else {
    // add the new item which dosen't exist
    this.itemArr.push(id);
  }

  console.log(this.itemArr);
}

do all things in service
itemCollection(id) {
  // check id only
  var index = this.itemArr.findIndex(item => item.id === id.id);

  if (index > -1) {
    this.itemArr[index].quantity = this.itemArr[index].quantity + 1;
  } else {
    this.itemArr.push(id);
  }

  console.log(this.itemArr);
}

A: Try this.
https://plnkr.co/edit/2oR6vA5hJcRbzR0dtNE5?p=preview
Changed your service part to this.
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

@Injectable()
export class SharedServiceService {
  public itemArr: any = [];
  constructor() { }

  itemCollection(id) {
    var obj=this.checkUniqueCondition(id);
    console.log(this.itemArr);
  }

  checkUniqueCondition(id){
    if(this.itemArr.length>0){
    for(var a in this.itemArr){
      if(this.itemArr[a].id==id.id){
        this.itemArr[a].quantity=this.itemArr[a].quantity+id.quantity;
        return this.itemArr[a];
      }else{
        console.log("in else");
        this.itemArr.push(id);
      }
    }
  }else{
    this.itemArr.push(id);
  }

}

If the match is found it will add in existing object.
this.itemArr[a].quantity=this.itemArr[a].quantity+id.quantity;

A: try this:
itemCollection(item) {
  let itemSearch = this.itemArr.filter(function(value){
    if(item.id == value.id)
      return value;
  })

  if( itemSearch.length == 0 )
  {
    this.itemArr.push(item);
  }
  else
  {
    let index = this.itemArr.indexOf(itemSearch[0]);
    this.itemArr[index].quantity = item.quantity;
  }
  console.log(this.itemArr); }


text:
Q: 3 posts in one row, and then two posts in the next row etc I need some help to modify a Wordpress loop. I would like to have a layout where every 2nd row has 3 posts in instead of two. So i would like to achieve the following:
Output:
medium-6 large-6, medium-6 large-6,
medium-4 large-4, medium-4 large-4, medium-4 large-4,
medium-6 large-6, medium-6 large-6,
medium-4 large-4, medium-4 large-4, medium-4 large-4
... etc
I have tried the following which works for the first row but goes out of sync after that.
many thanks.

    if ( have_posts() ) :

       $post_i = 0;

       /* Start the Loop */
       while ( have_posts() ) : the_post();

       $post_i++;

       if(  ($post_i + 1 ) % 4 == 0 && $post_i > 0 )
       $post_class = 'medium-6 large-6';
       else if( ($post_i + 1 ) % 5 == 0 && $post_i > 0 )
       $post_class = 'medium-6 large-6';
       else $post_class = 'medium-4 large-4';

A: You need to use even odd condition to show post like 2 posts, 3 posts, 2 posts, 3 posts ... etc
if (have_posts()) :

    $post_i = 0;

    /* Start the Loop */
    while (have_posts()) : the_post();

        if ($post_i % 2 == 0)
            $post_class = 'medium-6 large-6';
        else
            $post_class = 'medium-4 large-4';

        var_dump($post_class);

        $post_i++;
    endwhile;
endif;

Output:

*

*medium-6 large-6

*medium-4 large-4

*medium-6 large-6

*medium-4 large-4

*.....etc

A: I figured it out. Probably not the best solution but it works for me. I did the follwoing:

        if (have_posts()) :

            $post_i = 0;

            /* Start the Loop */
            while (have_posts()) : the_post();

                    if ($post_i % 5 == 0)
                    $post_class = 'medium-6 large-6';
                else if ($post_i % 5 == 1)
                    $post_class = 'medium-6 large-6';

                else  $post_class = 'medium-4 large-4';

                $post_i++;

        var_dump($post_class);

         endwhile;

        endif;


text:
"use strict";

$(function() {
    window.workers = {
        "_cached": {
        },
        get: function(name) {
            if (this._cached[name] !== undefined) {
              return this._cached[name]
            }

            let w = window.workers[name]()
            w.addEventListener(
                'message', $.proxy(window.Image.responseFromWorker, window.Image), false
            );
            this._cached[name] = w
            return w
        },
        terminate: function(name) {
            this._cached[name] = undefined;
        },
        "original": function() {
            return new Worker('workers/original-generator.js')
        },
        "iterate": function() {
            return new Worker('workers/iterative-generator.js')
        },
        "path": function() {
            return new Worker('workers/path-generator.js')
        },
        "spiral": function() {
            return new Worker('workers/spiral-generator.js')
        },
        "spiralout": function() {
            return new Worker('workers/spiral-out-generator.js')
        },
        "diagonal": function() {
            return new Worker('workers/diagonal-generator.js')
        }
    },

    window.Image = {
        // The canvas object for the image
        canvas:null,
        // 2D context for the canvas object for the image
        context:null,

        // Whether a worker is currently running ( stopping the 'begin' button
        // being clicked multiple times)
        running:false,

        // Default value for the background of the canvas
        defaultValue: {
            'r':0,
            'g':0,
            'b':0
        },

        // The currently running worker
        worker:null,
        workerType: '',

        drawingQueue:[],

        spliceAmount: 512,

        setMethod: function(method) {
            switch(method) {
                case "original":
                case "ORIGINAL":
                    this.worker = window.workers.get('original');
                    this.workerType = 'original';
                    break;
                case "iterate":
                case "ITERATE":
                    this.worker = window.workers.get('iterate');
                    this.workerType = 'iterate';
                    break;
                case "path":
                case "PATH":
                    this.worker = window.workers.get('path');
                    this.workerType = 'path';
                    break;
                case "spiral":
                case "SPIRAL":
                    this.worker = window.workers.get('spiral');
                    this.workerType = 'spiral';
                    break;
                case "spiralout":
                case "SPIRALOUT":
                    this.worker = window.workers.get('spiralout');
                    this.workerType = 'spiralout';
                    break;
                case "diagonal":
                case "DIAGONAL":
                    this.worker = window.workers.get('diagonal');
                    this.workerType = 'diagonal';
                    break;
            }

        },

        _initAnimation: function() {
          this.animate()
        },

        animate: function() {
            this.writePipelineLength(this.pixelCount)

            if (this.running) {
                requestAnimationFrame(this.animate.bind(this))
            }
        },

        writePipelineLength: function(val) {
            this.pipelineStats.html("Length: " + val + " Column: " + Math.floor(val/this.canvas.height))
        },

        pixelCount: 0,
        shellCounts: [],
        shellIdx: 0,
        responseFromWorker: function(e) {
            if (e.data.type === 'status') {
                this.running = e.data.running
                if (!this.running) {
                    console.log("Ended at: " + (Date.now()));
                    let pixels = this.canvas.width * this.canvas.height;
                    let duration = (Date.now() - this.started) / 1000;
                    console.log(pixels + " pixels took " + duration + " seconds (" + (pixels/duration) + " px/s)")

                    // Terminate our instance
                    this.worker.terminate();

                    // Clear the cache of any instances.
                    window.workers.terminate(this.workerType);
                }
            } else if (e.data.type === 'final') {
                this.context.putImageData(e.data.data, 0, 0);
            } else if (e.data.type === 'count') {
                this.pixelCount = e.data.count;
            } else if (e.data.type === 'shell-count') {
                this.shellCounts.push([this.shellIdx, e.data.count]);
                this.shellIdx++;
            } else if (e.data.type === 'debug') {
                console.log(e.data.msg)
            }
        },

        init: function() {
            // The canvas the user can see
            this.canvas = $(document).find("#area")[0];
            this.context = this.canvas.getContext('2d', { alpha: false });
            this.pipelineStats = $(document).find(".pipelineStats").find("#quantity")
        },

        started:0,
        begin: function() {
            if (this.running === true) {
                return;
            }

            var width = $(document).find("#width").val();
            var height = $(document).find("#height").val();
            $(window.Image.canvas).attr({'width':width, 'height':height})
            $(document).find("#total-pixels").html(
                "Total pixels: " + (width * height)
            )

            if (width * height > (4096 * 4096)) {
                return
            }
            this.shellCounts = [];
            this.maxShellCount = 0;
            this.shellIdx = 0;

            this.drawingQueue = []
            this.running = true;

            this.started = Date.now();

            setTimeout(
                $.proxy(function() {
                    this._initAnimation()
                }, this),
                1000
            )

            this.context.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
            this.worker.postMessage({
                'cmd':'start',
                'canvas':{
                    width:this.canvas.width,
                    height:this.canvas.height
                },
                'imageData':this.context.getImageData(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height),
                'default':this.defaultValue
            });
        },

        // ----------------------- DOWNLOAD CANVAS TO PNG -------------------------------
        downloadCanvas: function(link) {
            var parts = this.canvas.toDataURL().match(/data:([^;]*)(;base64)?,([0-9A-Za-z+/]+)/);
            var binStr = atob(parts[3]);

            var buf = new ArrayBuffer(binStr.length);
            var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
            for (var i = 0; i < view.length; i++) {
                view[i] = binStr.charCodeAt(i);
            }
            var blob = new Blob([view], {'type':parts[1]});
            var URL = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
            link.href = URL;
            link.download = this.canvas.width + "x" + this.canvas.height + "@" + Date.now() + ".png";
        },

        // ------------------------ FOR TESTING THE CANVAS WRITING CALL THIS DIRECTLY --------------------
        random: function() {
            var imData = this.context.getImageData(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
            var data = imData.data;
            for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i+=4) {
                data[i] = parseInt(Math.random() * 255);
                data[i + 1] = parseInt(Math.random() * 255);
                data[i + 2] = parseInt(Math.random() * 255);
                data[i + 3] = 255;
            }
            this.context.putImageData(imData, 0, 0);
        }
    }

    $(document).find("#start").on('click', function() {
        window.Image.setMethod($(document).find("#method option:selected").val());
        window.Image.begin();
    });

    $("#downloadimage")[0].addEventListener('click', function(){
        window.Image.downloadCanvas(this);
    }, false);

    window.Image.init();
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Essay to explain low gmat
Buddhism and meditation essay
Idle no more movement essay help
Home phone homework help Dress standards at work you are what you wear really essay
Dress standards at work you are what you wear really essay
It was never my intention to get so heavily involved in the issue of trans woman-inclusion in lesbian and women-only spaces. At the time, I was voraciously reading everything I could get my hands on related to transgender experiences and issues. As I read, I kept stumbling upon past instances of anti-trans discrimination from within the lesbian community. These included derogatory anti-trans remarks by influential lesbian-feminist thinkers such as Mary Daly, Andrea Dworkin, and of course Janice Raymond, who wrote the infamous anti-trans diatribe The Transsexual Empire:
Posted on November 21, by Scott Alexander I. Jonah got swallowed by a whale. But the Bible says Jonah got swallowed by a big fish. So the Bible seems to think whales are just big fish. Therefore the Bible is fallible. Therefore, the Bible was not written by God.
For all we know, Jonah was swallowed by a really really really big herring. The second problem is that if the ancient Hebrews want to call whales a kind of fish, let them call whales a kind of fish.
Suppose you travel back in time to ancient Israel and try to explain to King Solomon that whales are a kind of mammal and not a kind of fish.
You Are What You Wear - Sample Essays
So you try again and say that a whale is a behemah, not a dag. You try to explain that no, Solomon is wrong, dag are actually defined not by their swimming-in-sea-with-fins-ness, but by their genes. Who died and made you an expert on Biblical Hebrew?
You try to explain that whales actually have tiny little hairs, too small to even see, just as cows and sheep and pigs have hair. Solomon says oh God, you are so annoying, who the hell cares whether whales have tiny little hairs or not.
The Ministry of Dag is based on the coast and has a lot of people who work on ships.
The Ministry of Behemah has a strong presence inland and lots of of people who hunt on horseback. So please he continues keep going about how whales have little tiny hairs.
So you wanna work in Movies - By Oliver Stapleton BSC
It says so right here in this biology textbook. You can point out how many important professors of icthyology in fancy suits use your definition, and how only a couple of people with really weird facial hair use his.
There are facts of the matter on each individual point — whether a whale has fins, whether a whale lives in the ocean, whether a whale has tiny hairs, et cetera. But there is no fact of the matter on whether a whale is a fish. The argument is entirely semantic.
So this is the second reason why this particular objection to the Bible is silly.Bates is the founder of The Everyday Sexism Project and the author of Everyday Sexism Some of our most powerful and lasting ideas about the world around us are learned at school. Hard work pays.
Learn why the Common Core is important for your child
Watch the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, Live. Get a degree view of the floats, balloons and performances, live from New York City. You Are What You Wear. Jennifer - West Seneca, New York. Entered on February 28, When you dress to impress, people will take you more seriously. to go to work or going out for the night.
Whether you are in a setting where you should be dressed up or dressed down, you should always look presentable so that people do not make bad.
I went to a dinner party at a friend's home last weekend, and met her five-year-old daughter for the first time. Little Maya was all curly brown hair, doe-like dark eyes, and adorable in her shiny pink nightgown. Jan 17, · While all women's fashion choices are more carefully policed than men's, women of color endure heightened scrutiny.
Racist stereotypes that cast some women of color as "out of control" (the angry black woman, the hypersexual Latina) and others as easily controllable (the traditional Asian woman, the sexually available Indian squaw) serve women poorly in the workplace.
I'm 71 and absolutely love your blog – can't start my work(yes I'm still working) day without you! I am so blessed to have a small circle of ladies (oldest in her 80's and youngest in her 50's).
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Disability Fetish and Medical Fetish Explained


Massage is a healing art as well as a science. As a massage therapist, you can help people in a direct and meaningful way using touch to manipulate the soft-tissue muscles of the body. Massage therapists can help their clients reduce stress, manage pain, rehab athletic injuries, and improve overall health.
Are you considering attending massage therapist school? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the economic outlook for massage therapy is excellent since public awareness and interest is growing in alternative healthcare options that promote well-being and a better quality of life. Regulation and licensing requirements vary from state to state. The Massage Therapy program at Harris School will prepare you to take certification exams.
Have you considered a career in the rapidly developing field of dental technology? By becoming a dental assistant, you will join a team of professionals focused on oral care.
Because new techniques and materials in dentistry are constantly being introduced, dentists need the support of qualified dental assistants, and job prospects in this field are excellent.
Are you considering dental assistant schools? The Harris School's Dental Assistant program prepares graduates to assist in a variety of dental office procedures. This program gives students a background in dental anatomy, pathology and terminology, and includes the study of dental materials and chair-side assisting techniques. Graduates of the program will be trained and prepared to assist dentists with exams, perform a variety of dental procedures including instrument preparation, conducting dental laboratory procedures, as well as reception and office management procedures.


Home>New Songs>Smino Songs> Smino Fuses Reggae & Soul On "Tequila Mockingbird"
This is a smoker's anthem.
Smino blessed fans with his genre-melding sophomore album NØIR on Wednesday (November 7), and "Tequila Mockingbird" stands out as an irresistible banger. The rhythmic single will be a favorite amongst ganja smokers and reggae lovers alike. Fusing his patented soulful vibes with island influence, Smino takes listeners on a journey.
"Tequila Mockingbird" helps hammer home the artistic fluidity of Smino, reaffirming him as one of the most unique artists in the game. He comes in with tales of smoking good and enjoying life in all manners, increasing the irie vibes. The feel-good chorus is catchy without being trite, and Smino's flows slither through the track effortlessly.
SONGS Smino Fuses Reggae & Soul On "Tequila Mockingbird"


text:
Entry from December 10, 2017
"What's red, white and blue at Christmas time?"/"A sad candy cane."
The American flag is red, white and blue. Candy canes are usually white, with red stripes. A riddle was printed in Boys' Life magazine in March 1980:
Teacher: What's red, white, and blue?
Jasper: A sad candy cane.
A usual form of the riddle was posted on the newsgroup rec.crafts.textiles.quilting on December 11, 2011:
Q: What's red, white and blue at Christmas time?
A: A sad candy cane!
Wikipedia: Candy cane
A candy cane is a cane-shaped stick candy often associated with Christmastide, as well as Saint Nicholas Day. It is traditionally white with red stripes and flavored with peppermint, but may also be a variety of other flavors and colors.
March 1980, Boys' Life, "Think & Grin," pg. 81, col. 2:
Jasper: A sad candy cane. — Carl Risch, Bloomsburg, Pa.
23 December 1989, Pensacola (FL) News Journal, "Just for Laughs," Pennywhistle Press, pg. 3, col. 3:
Question: What is red, white and blue?
Answer: A sad candy cane.
Josh Brewer
Sandusky, Maine
Awesome Jokes
By Charles Keller
New York, NY: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.
What's red, white and blue?
A sad candy cane.
23 December 1999, Los Angeles (CA) Times, "The Kids' Reading Room: Jokes & Riddles," pg. E8, col. 1:
What's read, white and blue? A sad candy cane.(Ryan, 7, Inglewood)
23 December 2004, Los Angeles (CA) Times, "The Kids' Reading Room: Jokes & Riddles," pg. H3:
What's red, white and blue? A sad candy cane.
Sara, sixth grade
Porter Middle School
Google Groups: rec.crafts.textiles.quilting
Too cornball not to share....
Jo Gibson
What's red, white and blue at Christmas time?
A sad candy cane!
UoN Libraries
@UoNLibraries
#uonlibrariesfestivejokes
9:31 PM - 15 Dec 2015
Nancy Herberholz
@nanron5350
Michael J Smith
@oldmikey50
What's red white and blue @Christmas? A sad #candycane.
12:25 PM - 3 Dec 2016
Katie Woo's Hilarious Holiday Jokes
By Fran Manushkin
North Mankato, MN: Picture Window Books, an imprint of Capstone Press
What's red, white, and blue?
TroiFromTroy
@CMeTNow
New York City • Food/Drink • Sunday, December 10, 2017 • Permalink


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All of us have seen it. Kids complain that their toys are boring. Within a week, most of the toys your your kids get end up buried in the bottom of their toy chest.We even have brand new toys that end up in the garage that sometimes just are not right for my girls.
Often, to kids, it doesn't really matter if a toy is brand new out of the packaging. What matters is that it's new to them.
You can cash in on this by hosting a toy trade with your friends. Make sure that everyone you invite will have toys to shop from—for instance, if you have a friend with only a 10-year-old son, you may not want to invite her to a toy swap where everyone else has 1-year-old baby girls.
On the invitation for your toy swap, invite your friends to bring their kids' toys that are in good condition (new or almost new) and that they're willing to swap. You can run the toy swap however you want. Some may choose to have people swap directly with each other, while others may just let people go through and choose toys they want.
As long as everyone ends up with roughly the same amount of toys, it will work. And this is a very inexpensive way to get a few gifts for the kids (and clean out your closest).
Anything that is not choose can be donated to charity.


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Electrodynamics is the branch of physics which deals with rapidly changing electric and magnetic fields. "Rapidly changing", in this context, means that simple mid-19th century descriptions of changing fields, such as Faraday's law and the Biot-Savart law are inaccurate. In practice, this means the study of electromagnetic radiation or light.
Electrodynamics is the most advanced form of classical electromagnetism. Many results in electrodynamics are an attempt to explain previously known optical laws, such as Snell's law, by using appropriately simplified versions of Maxwell's equations; and to explain phenomena such as scattering and absorbance of light.
Albert Einstein developed special relativity through an examination of electrodynamics. During the late 19th century, physicists noted a contradiction between the accepted laws of electrodynamics and those of classical mechanics. In particular, Maxwell's equations predicted counterintuitive results such as that the speed of light was the same to all observers and did not obey Galilean invariance. It was believed therefore that Maxwell's equations were incorrect and that the actual equations of electromagnetism contained a term which corresponded to the influence of the "luminiferous aether".
After experiments failed to find evidence of the aether, Einstein proposed the revolutionary idea that the equations of classical electrodynamics were correct and that the equations of classical mechanics were incorrect. This led to the development of special relativity.
Quantum electrodynamics, as the name suggests, is the quantum mechanical theory of electrodynamics. It centres around a description of the photon – the particle of light which does not exist in classical electrodynamics.
See also: electromagnetism


text:
Home » World News » Atiku Is Not A Nigerian – Abba Kyari Tells Presidential Election Tribunal
Atiku Is Not A Nigerian – Abba Kyari Tells Presidential Election Tribunal
Abba Kyari
The Chief of Staff to President Muhammadu Buhari, Abba Kyari on Tuesday told the Presidential Election Petition Tribunal that the presidential candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) in the February 23 general election, Alhaji Atiku Abubakar is a Cameroonian in flesh and blood.
Led in his deposition by the counsel for Buhari, Chief Wole Olanipekun (SAN), Kyari insisted that Jada, Atiku's hometown was in Adamawa Province, an enclave which belonged to Northern Cameroon in 1946 when the former Vice President was born.
He explained that Atiku was already born before the plebiscite was conducted in 1961 and Jada, which was part of Northern Cameroon voted with other communities in that region to become a territory of Nigeria.
The Chief of Staff further disclosed that the plebiscite also resulted in the Southern part of Cameroon officially aligning to become Cameroonian territory.
He therefore maintained that the French system of assimilation had compelled the people of Jada, including Abubakar's father and grandfather to be full Cameroonians in both flesh and blood.
Recall that President Buhari and his party, the All Progressives Congress (APC) had urged the tribunal to dismiss PDP's petition against them arguing that the party fielded a non-Nigerian to contest the presidential election. They further argued that Atiku being 'a non- Nigerian' cannot sue the party over an election conducted by Nigerians.
They submitted that the Constitution had foreclosed the participation of non-Nigerians in the country's election, arguing that it did not matter if the provision was not tested when Atiku was selected to be the country's Vice President.


Many properties in Thailand, like the Novotel in Bangkok, are still very much enjoying strength of the tourism industry, but that has taken a bit of a hit recently as the industry confronts the idea that Chinese tourism to the country might hit a long decline.
Official data published early November revealed that the number of Chinese tourists heading to Thailand dropped by 8.8% in the third quarter of 2018, contributing to the economy's growing slower than what was forecasted. Chinese tourists account for about one-third of all visits to the country, but they have been put off by the recent incidents that plagued the country, which include a deadly ferry accident that left 46 people dead.
While properties like the Novotel in Bangkok stay strong, smaller properties in the city of Chiang Mai, one of the more popular destinations in the country, have been hit hard. Property agents in the area now say that they're having to deal with these properties being put up for sale as the downturn affects the smaller businesses the most.
More than 10 real estate sites for Chiang Mai properties have hotels in their listings, with many boutique hotels that recently shut down are offered at prices ranging from Bt50m (US$1.52), down to even a few million.
The sharp decline in Chinese visitors followed the capsizing incident in Phuket back in July, with most of the fatalities being Chinese tourists. Following that is a viral video of a Thai security guard slapping a Chinese tourists in the Don Mueang International Airport in September.
Tourism and its related industries account for 30% to 30% of Thailand's GDP. The number of Chinese visitors to the country dropped by 0.9% in July, then 11% in August, and another 15% in September, slashing revenues.
Hotels and restaurants in famous Thai destinations like Phuket and Chiang Mai have suffered declines as the number of Chinese tourists have halved on the year since July, according to President Ittirit Kinglake, of the Tourism Council of Thailand.
Even airlines have felt the effects, with national carrier Thai Airways logging a third-quarter net loss twice as big as the preceding year. CEO SumethDamgrongchaitham looked to the decline in Chinese passengers for the 3.7 billion baht loss, as well as the major storms that hit Japan and Hong Kong, which cut off flights to these particularly routes.
The Tourism Authority of Thailand has not revised 2018's targets of 38 million arrivals and 3 billion baht in revenue despite the drop in Chinese arrivals.
Recently, the Thai cabinet also approved the waiving of a 2,000-baht VISA fee paid by travellers upon arrival from 21 places, which include mainland China, taking effect from December to January. This fee waiving is part of the TAT's efforts to bring in more tourists into the country.
However, most operators in the tourism industry say that the VISA discount is not likely to completely restore the Chinese arrivals to initial forecasted by the end of 2018, which is normally the peak season for the industry.


Discover varied two-wheeled nirvana in our Norway cycling holidays. Idyllic coastal routes include Rallarvegen or historic Sunnhordland, sweeping by fjords, lush valleys, waterfalls and colourful villages. Hardangervidda offers high-country vistas dotted with jewel-like glaciers. Or island hop along Norway's north shores from lively Tromsø to the stunning Lofoten archipelago via mountainous Kvaløya, wood Senja and peat-moored Andøya.


The Pendleton is a story-and-a-half plan for families who want it all. This spacious home offers 4,565 square feet of living space and includes 4 bedrooms plus a study, 4-1/2 baths and a large an inviting family kitchen that's sure to be your family's favorite gathering spot. A gracious two-story foyer will welcome your guests, to one side the formal dining room and to the other the study with its direct access to the master suite. The family kitchen is well-equipped for meal preparation and socializing with its own fireplace. The master suite will be your private retreat with its luxurious master bath, his and her walk-around-in closets and connection to the study. All three upstairs bedrooms have walk-in closets. Two of the three bedrooms have private baths. The third has direct access to a hall bath which also serves the loft. Access to the second floor is from the staircase in the family kitchen. However an optional formal staircase in the foyer is also available that can provide the home with both front and back staircases. Optional fireplaces are available in the study and in the master suite.


Washington High School is a public high school of the Kansas City School District located in Kansas City, KS. It has 966 students in grades 9th through 12th. Washington High School is the 51st largest public high school in Kansas and the 6,183rd largest nationally. It has a student teacher ratio of 14.1 to 1.
You can also use the form below to search for alumni info and Washington High School students.
Washington High School is ranked 20th out of 354 ranked schools in Kansas, for total students on lunch assistance.
The percentage of Washington High School students on free and reduced lunch assistance (79.8%) is significantly higher than the state average of 43.1%. This may indicate that the area has a higher level of poverty than the state average.


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ACUF and Others ask Senate Judiciary Committee to Conduct Oversight of US Attorney Nominees
Dear Chairman Grassley:
On March 21, we wrote to urge you and members of the committee to conduct basic oversight with respect to the president's nominees to serve as United States Attorneys. After noting the enormous influence federal prosecutors have over the criminal justice system, we encouraged you to ask nominees (at a hearing or in writing) about their prosecutorial philosophy or approach on several key issues, including sentencing, asset forfeiture, and federalism. We write again today to renew that request.
Since we sent our original letter in March, the attorney general of the United States has taken steps to further increase the power and influence of federal prosecutors:
On May 1, the attorney general urged congressional leaders to oppose any limitation on the Justice Department's ability to prosecute individuals who buy, sell, or cultivate medical marijuana in states that have legalized such conduct. A bipartisan majority in Congress had approved the limitation on federal prosecutions out of respect for states' rights and to promote federalism;
On May 10, the attorney general released a new charging memo, which directed all U.S. Attorney offices to seek the most severe penalties possible, including mandatory minimum sentences, in every drug case;
On July 19, the attorney general announced a new policy to expand the use of civil asset forfeiture, a constitutionally suspect practice. In recent years, many states have limited their use of civil asset forfeiture because of due process concerns. The attorney general's new policy would give law enforcement officials in states that have curtailed forfeiture a way to circumvent state restrictions. In those states, federal law enforcement officials would accept seized property and assets and share them with the state.
As we wrote in March, federal prosecutors are the most powerful actors in the criminal justice system today. Recent policies adopted by Attorney General Sessions will only increase prosecutorial authority and influence.
In response to criticism of the new drug charging memo, the attorney general suggested that fundamental liberties would be safeguarded because federal prosecutors could be expected to exercise "good judgment." We do not share the attorney general's confidence. Nor, we suspect, would the Framers of our great Constitution who understood well the danger that well-intentioned but unchecked governmental actors posed to individual freedoms. The Framers believed the fundamental liberties protected in our nation's charter, including the rights of trial by jury and due process, could be preserved only if government power was divided between co-equal branches and between national and state governments.
Given the growth in prosecutorial power over the past few decades, and in light of the recent expansions proposed by the attorney general, we believe that now is the time for Congress to exercise its oversight responsibility. Some have suggested that the Judiciary Committee will ignore our request for basic oversight because members of the committee (and the Senate) play a role in recommending the individuals who will be nominated to serve as U.S. Attorneys in their home states. We reject this cynical view for a number of reasons, not the least of which is that Senators also recommend federal judicial nominees from their home states, and this committee seeks those nominees' views before voting to confirm or oppose them. Having said that, we are not aware of any reason why the committee should not explore basic questions about prosecutorial philosophy and approach with nominees for these powerful positions.
As we stated in March, we do not seek to delay the nominations process. The president is entitled to speedy consideration of his choices to serve as U.S. Attorneys. We strongly believe, however, that the modest oversight we are urging the Committee to conduct with regard to these powerful government actors is extremely important and will not result in any significant delay in the nominations process.


What are the capacity regulations for school and transit buses?
According to the Public Transportation Fact Book published by the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), there are more than 750,000 registered transit buses in the United States. These buses transport over five billion passengers from one destination to another every year. To put this in perspective, this means that buses in the U.S. transport approximately 75% of the world's population in one year. No wonder you can never find a seat on your daily commute!
It makes you wonder—with the number of passengers riding buses and the increase in public transportation, how do buses keep their passengers safe when it comes to overcrowding? Are there regulations pertaining to overcrowding?
In order to safely transport such a staggering number of passengers, the Department of Transportation (DOT) has placed capacity and weight regulations on both transit and school buses. The following regulations keep the ride comfortable and also prevent accidents caused by overcrowding. The regulations also limit injuries in case of a collision.
Seated capacity lettering. All buses should have the maximum number of seats lettered or posted on their exterior paneling. A bus that has 40 seats must have "40 Seats" lettered on its exterior (If the bus can hold an additional two wheelchairs, the lettering should state "42 Seats".) School buses are required to have distinct lettering that separately designates child seating, adult seating, standing, and wheelchair capacities.
Standing capacity based on aisle width and seat percentage. The recommended maximum capacity for both transit and school buses is determined by the size of the aisle and based on a percentage of each bus's seating capacity. For example, if the standing capacity is rated at 75%, a bus with 40 seats would allow 30 additional passengers to stand (40 seats x .75 = 30). This percentage is calculated by the specific aisle measurements of each bus.
Buses must stay below the Gross Vehicle Weight Rate (GVWR). Drivers should be equipped to determine if the bus is riding too low with the stated number of maximum occupants. If the capacity maximum is too high and goes over the estimated GVWR, the capacity lettering needs to be adjusted.
Unfortunately, although these regulations are in place to keep you and your fellow riders safe, they aren't always enforced. Drivers can't constantly monitor and count how many people are on board, and most passengers just want to get to their destinations as quickly as possible (even if they're sitting on someone's lap). This is why it is important to pay attention to the bus's maximum capacity, as well as gauge the number of riders already on board, before you step on it. If it is too crowded, don't risk it.
Getting to your destination on time on is not worth risking an injury. Instead of putting yourself in danger, simply wait for the next bus. If you're already on a bus when it becomes overcrowded, judge the situation yourself and determine if you need to get off early for your own protection. You may also want to speak to the driver or the manager of the transportation system if you notice persistent overcrowding.
Before they board a dangerous situation, make sure your family and friends know the dangers of bus overcrowding and how to determine a bus's safe capacity. Share this page on your Facebook feed or tell your loved ones to contact us directly to discuss any potential questions or concerns they may have about a recent accident. The consultation is free but the advice and knowledge could wind up saving time, money, and even a life.
Dangers of Overcrowded Buses: Are You at Risk?


Canberra is home to the Australian Parliament House, and the meeting place of the nation.
Visitors can take a guided tour into the Senate and House of Representatives chambers, view historic documents and various exhibitions, and see democracy first hand.
Visitors are also able to view the proceedings of both the Senate and House of Representatives from the public galleries in the chambers on Parliamentary sitting days, including Question Time (bookings required).
It is open to visitors every day of the year except Christmas Day.


This is an extract from a training video for psychiatrists and medics. It details involuntary abnormal movements. It is worth noting that these movements are all drug induced, primarily by neuroleptic medication (i.e. anti-psychotic medication such as chlorpromazine, stelezine and so forth) and often do not resolve upon cessation of the medication.
These kinds of movements are often associated with "madness", but so few people realise that they are iatrogenic in origin (i.e. induced by the treatment, not the problem being treated) and serve to add immeasurably to the individuals problems.


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Kemba Walker has much to prove after career season
Kemba Walker had a career year for the Charlotte Hornets, but sustainability is a major question moving forward.
By Chris Barnewall@ChrisBarnewall May 18, 2016, 10:00am EDT
Share All sharing options for: Kemba Walker has much to prove after career season
Kemba Walker just had the greatest season of his entire career for the Charlotte Hornets. In what can only be described as a breakout season, Walker dazzled fans and wowed experts as he finally put together a year that many had been wishing from him for a couple years now. The jumpshots fell. Attempts at the rim were completed, and most importantly he wasn't the sole creator. The subtle changes Walker made to his game this offseason combined with an overall system change the Hornets implemented was a perfect storm to push Walker higher than he had ever been before.
Walker's changed a lot as a player over the years. He's found ways to overcome his size and become one of the smarter defenders in the NBA, and he's improved his passing game light years ahead of where it was earlier. However, there's been one Achilles heel his entire career, and that has been Walker's jumpshot mixed in with his high volume shooting. Before this season, Walker only once averaged an entire season shooting over 40 percent from the field. He was never a dangerous 3-point shooter, and he attempted a lot of shots which didn't compliment very well to his lack of efficiency. He was known for huge scoring outbursts every once in awhile, but like any gunner these were not something that Charlotte could rely on regularly. Many will argue that the reason Walker took as many shots as he did had to do with the help around him, and it is true that the Hornets have always asked him to take on the offensive load, but if that's going to be his role then he had to play better in it. So he did.
Kemba Walker shot chart 2014-2015 (top)
Kemba Walker shot chart 2015-2016 (bottom)
It's worth noting that Walker played 19 less games last year than this year, but the sample size is still large enough to consider his shot chart from last year worth using.
The two changes that stand out the most are Walker's 3-point shot and the major jump near the rim. Everybody raved about Walker's 3-point shooting this season, but anybody that's watched Charlotte for a long time will know that Walker's inability to complete shots near the rim has always been one of his biggest weaknesses. He was already a poor jumpshooter, but his speed and quick handle gave him a skill set that made him dangerous when it came to getting to the rim. The problem is that when Walker got there he couldn't make defenses pay for it. Now, Walker is over 50 percent at close range and that is probably the biggest addition he made to his game.
Of course, it's a lot easier to get to the rim when the jumpshot is falling. Walker has always been a player that defenders could give a little bit of space against. If he pulled up for a shot so be it, because he was a lot less likely to hurt teams from deep. In previous years Walker's 3-point percentage hung out in the low 30's, but this year it made a major jump to 37 percent and forced defenses to approach how they guard him differently. They couldn't just sag off of him anymore because he was going to make the shots that he previously wasn't making it. This made him more dangerous in the pick and roll as well. Go under the screen and Walker will pull up and make the shot. Go over it and he uses his speed to create penetration and kick out to one of the Hornets many 3-point shooters. He has never been a fun player to guard just because his crossover can put even the greatest of defenders on the floor. This year defending him was even worse cause not only could he put his defender on skates, but now he'll make the jumpshot along with it.
So how did Walker see such a jump between seasons? Well there's the obvious answers like working out in the offseason, and it is well reported that he made some small changes to his shooting stroke this year. But even the hardest of workers rarely see such a change of this magnitude. The biggest reason Walker saw such a jump this year was the Hornets taking a little bit of slack off of him from a creator standpoint. Additions such as Jeremy Lin and Nicolas Batum gave Walker an extra creator on the floor to work with. He didn't have to do absolutely everything like he had done his entire career. Even when Al Jefferson was having an All-NBA level season in 2013, Walker still had to take on a heavy creator role just to get Jefferson the ball. That's a lot of work for just one player. This year, Walker finally had a little bit of help and it paid off.
Of all of that help, nobody had a bigger impact for Walker this year than Batum. Walker has had a great season, and he had many moments where he put the team on his back and carried them to wins. However, his numbers looked best whenever Batum was on the floor with him.
It's difficult to criticize a player when he's not playing with the best talent put around him, but Walker showed shades of previous seasons whenever Batum was on the bench. When not playing with Batum, Walker's percentage from the field was a very poor 39 percent, and his 3-point shooting drastically fell to 28 percent. Compare this to 44 percent from the field when playing with Batum, and an incredible 41 percent from 3-point range when playing with him. Now some of this goes back to the discussion on when Walker has help and isn't forced to carry the load, but those numbers without Batum are scary. Although to be fair to Walker the sample size is smaller due to the fact that the two played with each other the second most of anybody on the team. No pairing got more minutes together besides Marvin Williams and Walker. So while the information about Walker's numbers without Batum are important they need to be taken in the context of they're not supposed to be playing without each other anyways.
So what does all of this say about Walker? Well, for one it means the Hornets should do their best to re-sign Batum for as much money as he wants. It also means that Walker probably isn't a superstar level player that can carry a team all on his own without the help. Which really shouldn't be shocking anybody. The question it should really be raising is about Walker's sustainability. He's never been a player that could consistently put together great basketball for an entire season until his most recent season. Now that he has, there's a lot of evidence saying that Batum plays a big part in his success. This causes concern on if that 3-point shot, and his percentages, are going to stay as high as they are.
Personally, based on past information, this was probably a year where Walker shot the best he may ever shoot. Of course they do say that shooting ages like wine so maybe he'll just keep getting better. What's more likely though is he's going to take a dip. Not as dramatic as previous years where he falls back the low 30's from 3-point range, and below 40 from the field, but a dip none the less. The jumpshot was too good all season long to fall back to the poor shooting he was known for in previous years.
With or without Batum, Walker is an extremely talented scorer that can do a lot of good things on the offensive end. On defense he knows the role he has to play, and is incredibly smart. His leadership skills took a jump this season, and he currently owns a franchise record in points. He almost brought the Hornets to the second round by himself, and there are very few players in the NBA more fun to watch cook than Walker.
Walker is still at a point of his career where he can get better, but that was likely the last year he's going to take a major jump of the level he did. What we see out of Walker is around what we're going to get out of him. Right now, that looks like an average to above average high volume player known for the occasional scoring burst. Is he perfect? No, but that's not what the Hornets need out of him. Walker spent a large portion of his career as a below average guard, and now he's taken a jump to the next level. Now, to see if he can sustain that level of play and remain on that level. If he can, he'll be a very valuable player for the Hornets for years to come.


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text:
Better surveillance and more cohesive policies needed against Rift Valley fever outbreaks
Umea University
IMAGE: Researchers have developed Rift Valley fever risk zone maps. This map shows risk distribution in districts of central and southern Kenya (Map by Mosomtai). view more
Credit: Umeå University
Research on the mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever in east Africa and the Arabian Peninsula shows that current surveillance systems are unable to detect the virus in livestock before it spreads to humans. A coherent policy is needed to combat the viral disease, which has the potential to spread to previously unaffected areas, according to studies at Umeå University in Sweden.
Researchers found that knowledge, attitudes and practices around Rift Valley fever (RVF) varied in local communities in affected countries. There were also no existing connections between many affected areas and authorities that could have limited the impact of RVF outbreaks.
"To confront Rift Valley fever outbreaks we need a policy that better incorporates the local communities, ecological factors and human interactions with livestock and the environment," says Osama Ahmed Hassan, doctoral student at the Umeå University Department of Clinical Microbiology, Unit of Virology and the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Epidemiology and Global Health.
Combatting an emerging viral zoonosis
RVF is a viral infection that spreads by mosquitoes and causes mass abortions and death in livestock. The RVF virus can also cause a potentially deadly haemorrhagic fever in humans, for which there are no available treatments or vaccines.
Osama Ahmed Hassan and his research colleagues at Umeå University found that the ecology of the affected countries in east Africa is conducive for mosquitoes, livestock and human interaction. The researchers at Umeå University and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology in Nairobi, Kenya, have developed RVF risk maps on a sub-regional scale that can be used in efforts to manage future RVF outbreaks.
Frequent outbreaks of Rift Valley fever occur in Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula. At the moment there is an ongoing outbreak in West Africa. There have also been imported Rift Valley fever cases reported in Europe and China, which points to the threat and likelihood of a global expansion of the mosquito-borne viral disease.
"Our research shows that the best way to combat Rift Valley fever outbreaks is with the so called 'One Health' approach. By this we mean strategies to combat the disease that incorporates knowledge about RVF virus in environment, animals and local communities and also consider socio-cultural and behavioural differences between communities," says Osama Ahmed Hassan.
Osama Ahmed Hassan is an infectious disease epidemiologist from Sudan who has been studying emerging zoonotic diseases such as RVF for over 6 years in east Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Osama completed his Master's Degree in Public Health Epidemiology as well as his Ph.D. in Epidemiology and Public Health at Umeå University in Sweden. His research interest focuses on better approaches to outbreak investigation, risk communication during outbreaks and innovative tools for surveillance system for early detection of emerging zoonotic diseases. He is committed to using his findings to influence policy-making to better confront emerging zoonotic diseases on a regional and global scale.
Daniel Harju
daniel.harju@umu.se
@UmeaUniversity
http://www.umu.se/umu/index_eng.html
INFECTIOUS/EMERGING DISEASES
SCIENCE/HEALTH AND THE LAW
ZOOLOGY/VETERINARY SCIENCE
Osama Ahmed Hassan, Umea University (IMAGE)
Risk Zone Map (IMAGE)
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127095
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