text:
Q: How to add activation histogram in tensorboard pytorch? I am using histogram in tensorboard pytorch to visualize weight in my model.
Currently, this is how I use tensorboard to visualize my layers's weight.
for name, weight in model.named_parameters(
    tb.add_histogram(name, weight, epoch)
    tb.add_histogram(f'{name}.grad', weight.grad, epoch)

How can I add activation (ReLU, tanh) histogram in a similar manner?
My model architecture is shown as below. I used UNet++ model. I'm sorry for the display. Actually, the 'def' oobject is inside the 'class', but when I copied my code, I turned out like this. The code is too long for me to fix it. Sorry I'm new to StackOverflow.
This is the image of UNet++: UNet++ architecture
class NestedUNet(nn.Module):
"""
    UNET++

"""
def __init__(self, deepsupervision=args.deep_supervision):
    super(NestedUNet, self).__init__()

    nb_filter = [32, 64, 128, 256, 512]
    self.deepsupervision = deepsupervision

    self.conv0_0 = VGGBlock(6, nb_filter[0], nb_filter[0])
    self.conv1_0 = Down(nb_filter[0], nb_filter[1], nb_filter[1])
    self.conv2_0 = Down(nb_filter[1], nb_filter[2], nb_filter[2])
    self.conv3_0 = Down(nb_filter[2], nb_filter[3], nb_filter[3])
    self.conv4_0 = Down(nb_filter[3], nb_filter[4], nb_filter[4])

    self.conv0_1 = Up1(nb_filter[0]+nb_filter[1], nb_filter[0], nb_filter[0])
    self.conv1_1 = Up1(nb_filter[1] + nb_filter[2], nb_filter[1], nb_filter[1])
    self.conv2_1 = Up1(nb_filter[2] + nb_filter[3], nb_filter[2], nb_filter[2])
    self.conv3_1 = Up1(nb_filter[3] + nb_filter[4], nb_filter[3], nb_filter[3])

    self.conv0_2 = Up2(nb_filter[0] * 2 + nb_filter[1], nb_filter[0], nb_filter[0])
    self.conv1_2 = Up2(nb_filter[1] * 2 + nb_filter[2], nb_filter[1], nb_filter[1])
    self.conv2_2 = Up2(nb_filter[2] * 2 + nb_filter[3], nb_filter[2], nb_filter[2])

    self.conv0_3 = Up3(nb_filter[0] * 3 + nb_filter[1], nb_filter[0], nb_filter[0])
    self.conv1_3 = Up3(nb_filter[1] * 3 + nb_filter[2], nb_filter[1], nb_filter[1])

    self.conv0_4 = Up4(nb_filter[0] * 4 + nb_filter[1], nb_filter[0], nb_filter[0])

    if self.deepsupervision:
        self.output = OutConv(nb_filter[0], 3, deepsupervision=True)
    else:
        self.output = OutConv(nb_filter[0], 3, deepsupervision=False)

    self.synthesis = SynthesisModule()

def forward(self, x):
    x0_0 = self.conv0_0(x)
    x1_0 = self.conv1_0(x0_0)
    x0_1 = self.conv0_1(x1_0, x0_0)

    x2_0 = self.conv2_0(x1_0)
    x1_1 = self.conv1_1(x2_0, x1_0)
    x0_2 = self.conv0_2(x1_1, x0_0, x0_1)

    x3_0 = self.conv3_0(x2_0)
    x2_1 = self.conv2_1(x3_0, x2_0)
    x1_2 = self.conv1_2(x2_1, x1_0, x1_1)
    x0_3 = self.conv0_3(x1_2, x0_0, x0_1, x0_2)

    x4_0 = self.conv4_0(x3_0)

    x3_1 = self.conv3_1(x4_0, x3_0)
    x2_2 = self.conv2_2(x3_1, x2_0, x2_1)
    x1_3 = self.conv1_3(x2_2, x1_0, x1_1, x1_2)
    x0_4 = self.conv0_4(x1_3, x0_0, x0_1, x0_2, x0_3)

    if self.deepsupervision:
        output = self.output([x0_1, x0_2, x0_3, x0_4])

    else:
        output = self.output(x0_4)

    final = self.synthesis(output, x)

    return final

class VGGBlock(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_channels, middle_channels, out_channels):
    super(VGGBlock, self).__init__()
    self.vgg = nn.Sequential(
        nn.Conv2d(in_channels, middle_channels, (3, 3), padding='same', bias=False),
        nn.BatchNorm2d(middle_channels),
        nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
        nn.Dropout(0.4),
        nn.Conv2d(middle_channels, out_channels, (3, 3), padding='same', bias=False),
        nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels),
        nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
        nn.Dropout(0.3),
    )

    self.initialize_weights()

def initialize_weights(self):
    for m in self.modules():
        if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
            nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode='fan_in', nonlinearity='relu')
            if m.bias is not None:
                nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
        elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
            nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
            nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

def forward(self, x):

    return self.vgg(x)

class Up3(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_channels, middle_channels, out_channels, mode='bilinear'):
    super().__init__()
    self.up = nn.Upsample(scale_factor=2, mode=mode, align_corners=True)
    self.conv = VGGBlock(in_channels, middle_channels, out_channels)

def forward(self, x1, x2, x3, x4):
    x1 = self.up(x1)
    x = torch.cat([x4, x3, x2, x1], dim=1)
    return self.conv(x)

class Up4(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_channels, middle_channels, out_channels, mode='bilinear'):
    super().__init__()
    self.up = nn.Upsample(scale_factor=2, mode=mode, align_corners=True)
    self.conv = VGGBlock(in_channels, middle_channels, out_channels)

def forward(self, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5):
    x1 = self.up(x1)
    x = torch.cat([x5, x4, x3, x2, x1], dim=1)
    return self.conv(x)

class OutConv(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, deepsupervision=False):
    super(OutConv, self).__init__()
    self.deepsupervision = deepsupervision
    self.final = nn.Sequential(
        nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=(1, 1)),
        nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels),
        nn.Tanh()
    )

    self.intialize_weights()

def intialize_weights(self):
    for m in self.modules():
        if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
            nn.init.xavier_normal_(m.weight, gain=nn.init.calculate_gain('relu'))   # gain=5/3
            if m.bias is not None:
                nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
        elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
            nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
            nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

def forward(self, x):
    if self.deepsupervision:
        return [self.final(x[0]), self.final(x[1]), self.final(x[2]), self.final(x[3])]
    else:
        return self.final(x)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Translation:We guessed you were busy.
Is this not in an unusual order? Wouldn't "우리는 네가 바쁘다고 추측했어" make more sense?
Both are possible and right.
Your sentence is much better. But you can use both of them.
I get confused 네가 meaning Another similar word means "I" right??
Is there a difference between ~다고 추측하다 and ~나 보다?


text:
\section{Introduction}

Over the past decade the interplay between spin, charge and heat currents has attracted considerable attention and has led to the field dubbed ``spin caloritronics" \cite{bauer2012}. Central to this field is the thermally-driven injection of spin current from a magnetic material into a normal metal across an interface between them. In case of the spin Seebeck effect \cite{uchida2010,PhysRevLett.106.186601} the magnetic material is an insulator, typically Yttrium Iron Garnett, while the normal metal is typically Pt. The injected spin current then manifests itself as a voltage across the Pt that is transverse to the interface normal and arises as a result of the inverse spin Hall effect in the Pt. The term  {\it spin-dependent} Seebeck effect is nowadays restricted to the situation in which the magnetic material is a metal. This latter effect was first observed in a non-local geometry \cite{slachter2010} using permalloy and Cu as the respective magnetic and normal metals.

The models for the spin Seebeck effect invoke magnons in the magnetic insulator as the carriers of the spin current \cite{PhysRevB.81.214418,PhysRevB.88.064408}. At the interface between the insulator and the normal metal, the magnonic spin current that flows in response to a temperature gradient is converted into electronic spin current in the normal metal by interfacial spin-flip scattering processes. The existing models for the spin-dependent Seebeck effect \cite{bauer2012,slachter2010}, on the other hand, are spin-dependent drift-diffusion models for the electrons in the metallic ferromagnet and the normal metal, in which the interface can be taken to be essentially transparent for the electrons (as compared to the pertinent diffusive contributions from the bulk). Magnons in the magnetic metal are, in these models, neglected completely. A priori, there is no reason to discard the magnons as carriers of spin currents in magnetic metals. For example, the magnon-drag thermopower \cite{PhysRevLett.18.395}, i.e.,  the contribution to the charge Seebeck effect due to thermally driven magnons that drag along electrons, has been shown to dominate the thermopower in Fe, Ni, and Co, over a wide range of temperatures \cite{PhysRevB.94.144407}.

In this special-issue contribution, we develop a theory for spin transport in metallic ferromagnets that treats magnonic and electronic spin currents on equal footing. While electronic spin currents dominate the spin transport when it is driven by an electric field, we find that for thermally driven spin transport the magnonic contribution cannot be neglected and may, in fact, be larger than the electronic one. This is because the magnitude of the latter is governed by the dimensionless ratio $T/T_F$, with the $T$ the temperature and $T_F$ the Fermi temperature. The thermally-driven magnonic spin current, on the other hand, is determined by $(T/T_C)^{3/2}$ with $T_C$ the Curie temperature. Since $T_F$ is at least one order of magnitude larger than $T_C$ for the most common metallic ferromagnets, the magnonic spin current may overwhelm the electronic contribution in the bulk in situations where the spin current is driven by a thermal gradient. As a result, one would naively expect that the magnonic contribution dominates the electronic contribution to the thermal spin injection from a magnetic to a nonmagnetic metal. For thermal spin injection the magnonic contribution is, however, relatively diminished somewhat because the interface between common ferromagnetic and normal metals is less transparent for magnonic spin current as compared to electronic spin current.

The remainder of this work is organized as follows. In the next section, we develop our theory for spin transport in ferromagnetic metals that includes both electronic spin accumulation and magnon chemical potential, and estimate the various coefficients. In Sec.~\ref{sec:appl} we consider as an application thermal spin injection into a normal metal and discuss it in terms of an equivalent circuit. We end in Sec.~\ref{sec:discconcloutl} with a short discussion and outlook.
\begin{figure}
	\includegraphics[width=15cm]{system.pdf}
	\caption{The set-up that we consider in this article. A temperature gradient drives spin transport across an interface between a ferromagnetic and normal metal. The resultant spin injection from ferromagnet into the normal metal occurs via electrons that are spin polarized in the ferromagnet and that flow from the magnet into the normal metal, in parallel with processes in which a magnon induces a spin current in the normal metal via interfacial electron-magnon scattering.}
	\label{fig:system}
\end{figure}

\section{Theory}
\label{sec:gentheory}

The set-up we consider is sketched in Fig.~\ref{fig:system}. We consider a ferromagnetic metal with a sufficiently large magnetic field that is applied in the $\hat z$-direction, so that the spin density is saturated in the $-\hat z$-direction. Since we will in the following mostly consider thermal magnons at room temperature, we ignore their ellipticity. It then follows that magnons carry spin angular momentum $+\hbar$. The ferromagnet is interfaced with a normal metal, and we are mostly interested in the spin current that is injected from the ferromagnet into the normal metal as a result of an applied temperature gradient $\nabla T$. We consider two processes that contribute to this spin injection. First, there is a thermally-excited electron spin current that traverses the interface. Second, there is a thermally-excited magnon spin current that is converted at the interface into an electronic spin current in the normal metal by interfacial electron-magnon spin-flip scattering. In this section we develop a simple theory that takes both processes into account on equal footing, and give estimates of the various parameters that enter our theory. In the development of our theory we combine the drift-diffusion theory for the electronic contribution to thermal spin transport \cite{PhysRevB.84.174408,PhysRevB.35.4959} with the theory for spin transport in insulator-metal hybrids developed by several of us \cite{PhysRevLett.116.117201,PhysRevB.94.014412}. Below, we do not explicitly include references in case the results can be found in any of these works. Before introducing our theory, however, we discuss some simplifying assumptions.

\subsection{Preliminary remarks}
\label{subsec:prelremarks}
Our general starting point is to treat the magnons, phonons and electrons in the ferromagnetic metal as internally equilibrated subsystems that may exchange heat and spin. The heat exchange is driven by differences between the magnon ($T_m$), phonon ($T_p$) and electron ($T_e$) temperatures. Similarly, the exchange of spin is driven by the difference between the magnon chemical potential ($\mu_m$) and the electron spin accumulation $\mu_s=\mu_\uparrow - \mu_\downarrow$, where $\mu_\uparrow$ and $\mu_\downarrow$ are the chemical potentials of the electrons with spin projection along and against the external magnetic field, respectively. While writing down a complete phenomenological theory that takes into account all processes of spin and heat exchange between magnons, phonons and electrons is in principle straightforward, such a theory is somewhat untractable because of the amount of free parameters, given that ``off-diagonal" processes --- e.g. spin exchange driven be temperature differences --- also need to be taken into account. As our goal is to develop a simple phenomenological theory that treats the magnon and electron spin transport on equal footing and to show that the contribution of magnons is not negligible, we limit ourselves to the situation that all temperatures are equal, $T_e=T_p=T_m$, and assume our system is described by the magnon chemical potential, electron spin accumulation, and one temperature. We assume that anharmonicities lead to fast phonon number decay, so that the phonon chemical potential $\mu_p$ is taken to be zero always.

These restrictions follow from assumptions on the hierarchy of time scales that characterize the various heat and spin exchange processes. In Fig.~\ref{fig:exchangeschematic} we indicate these relaxation times for both heat (a) and spin (b) exchange. (See Table~\ref{tab:relaxationtimes} for a list of all relaxation times used in this article.)  Here, the interaction between electrons and magnons is assumed to be dominated by $s$-$d$-scattering --- an electron spin-flip accompanied by absorption or emission of a magnon --- so that the corresponding time scale is labeled $\tau_{\rm sd}$. This process governs both heat and spin exchange between magnons and electrons. The time scale for electron-phonon scattering is indicated by $\tau_{\rm ep}$. Furthermore, $\tau_{\rm mp}$ is the time scale for all magnon-phonon collisions, while $\tau_{\rm mr} \geq \tau_{\rm mp}$ is due to magnon non-conserving magnon-phonon collisions only.  Similarly, $\tau_{\rm sf} \geq \tau_{\rm ep}$ is the time scale for electron-phonon spin-flip scattering. In later estimates we will assume a contribution due to disorder to $\tau_{\rm sf}$ and will thus take it to approach a constant as $T \to 0$. We assume that $\tau_{\rm ep}$ is the smallest time scale, so that $T_e=T_p$. We, furthermore, assume that $\tau_{\rm mp} \ll \tau_{\rm sd} $, so that we have that $T_p=T_m(=T_e) \equiv T$, while the difference between the electron spin accumulation and magnon chemical potential needs to be taken into account. In the next subsection we provide estimates for Fe at room temperature to underpin some of these assumptions. We remark that the hierarchy of time scales implies a hierarchy of length scales, i.e., describing the spin transport with magnon chemical potential, spin accumulation, and one temperature is --- within the assumptions on time scales mentioned here --- only applicable for sufficiently long lengths.
\begin{figure}
	\includegraphics[width=15cm]{exchangeschematic.pdf}
	\caption{Schematic that indicates the time scales for a) the heat exchange between electronic, magnonic and phononic reservoirs and b) the exchange of spin.}
	\label{fig:exchangeschematic}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Estimates}
Let us now make some estimates for pure Fe. We deduce the electronic transport relaxation time $\tau_{{\rm tr},e}$ from the electronic conductivity $\sigma \sim 10^7$ S$/$m of Fe  \cite{PhysRevB.94.144407}, so that we find --- using the Drude formula --- that $\tau_{{\rm tr},e} \sim m \sigma/n_e e^2$. Taking for the effective mass $m$ the bare electronic mass, and using an electron density of $n_e \sim (0.3~{\rm nm})^{-3}$, we find that $\tau_{{\rm tr},e} \sim 0.01-0.1$~ps. This time scale includes all electronic momentum non-conserving scattering events, and, in particular, electron-phonon scattering and spin-conserving electron-electron $s$-$d$-scattering. While the latter may dominate, we assume here that we may estimate $\tau_{\rm ep} \sim \tau_{{\rm tr},e}$.

The term $\tau_{\rm sd}$ is used here to denote the interaction between electrons and magnons, an electron spin-flip accompanied by the absorption or emission of a magnon. To estimate this scattering time we follow Ref.~\cite{PhysRevB.92.180412}. We then have that $\tau_{\rm sd} \sim \hbar/\eta k_B T$, where $\eta$ is itself a function of temperature and which we estimate $\eta \sim 0.01$ at a temperature that is a fraction of $T_C$ \cite{PhysRevB.92.180412}. We then find that $\tau_{\rm sd} \sim 10$~ps $\gg\tau_{\rm ep}$ at room temperature.

The scattering time for all magnon-phonon collisions is $\tau_{\rm mp}$ and includes both magnon-conserving and magnon-non-conserving processes. While there is to the best of our knowledge no direct measurement of this time scale, Ref.~\cite{PhysRevB.94.014412} estimates it to be on the order of several ps. Hence, we may suppose that  $\tau_{\rm sd} \gtrsim \tau_{\rm mp}$, although the opposite limit can also be realized. For simplicity, we restrict ourselves to the former regime.

\begin{table}
	\caption{\label{tab:relaxationtimes} Relaxation times}
	\footnotesize\rm
	\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{}l*{15}{@{\extracolsep{0pt plus12pt}}l}}
		\br
		Symbol & Meaning \\
		\mr
		$\tau_{\rm ep}$ & Electron-phonon scattering time \\
		$\tau_{\rm sd}$ & Electron-magnon scattering time \\
	    $\tau_{\rm mp}$ & Magnon-phonon scattering time \\
		$\tau_{\rm sf}$ & Electron spin-flip time \\
	    $\tau_{\rm mr}$ & Magnon-number non-conserving magnon-phonon scattering time\\
		$\tau_{{\rm tr},e}$ & Electron-momentum relaxation time\\
		$\tau_{{\rm tr},m}$ & Magnon-momentum relaxation time\\
		$\tau_{\rm em}, \tau_{\rm me}$ & Electron-magnon momentum transfer time\\
		\br
	\end{tabular*}
\end{table}

\subsection{Theory for the bulk spin transport in the ferromagnet}
\label{subsec:phentheory}

Within the assumptions discussed so far, we develop a theory based on conservation of spin. The density of spin-up electrons is $n_\uparrow$, while that of spin-down electrons is $n_\downarrow$. The density of magnons is $n_m$. The three resultant continuity equations are
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{eq:conteqs}
\frac{\partial n_\uparrow}{\partial t} + \nabla \cdot {\bf j}_\uparrow &=& - \frac{\nu_\uparrow}{\tau_{{\rm sf},\uparrow}} \mu_s - \frac{\nu_\uparrow}{\tau_{{\rm sd},\uparrow}} \left(\mu_s - \mu_m \right)~, \nonumber \\
\frac{\partial n_\downarrow}{\partial t} + \nabla \cdot {\bf j}_\downarrow &=&  +\frac{\nu_\downarrow}{\tau_{{\rm sf},\downarrow}} \mu_s + \frac{\nu_\downarrow}{\tau_{{\rm sd},\downarrow}} \left(\mu_s - \mu_m \right)~, \nonumber \\
\frac{\partial n_m}{\partial t} + \nabla \cdot {\bf j}_m &=&  -\frac{\chi_m}{\tau_{\rm mr}} \mu_m + \frac{\chi_m}{\tau_{\rm sd}} \left(\mu_s - \mu_m \right)~.
\end{eqnarray}
Here $\nu_\uparrow$ and $\nu_\downarrow$ are the electronic density of states for up and down electrons, respectively, and $\chi_m$ is the magnon susceptibility. Note that the electron spin-flip time, and $s$-$d$-scattering times are in principle spin dependent, which we ignored in our discussion in the previous subsection and in Fig.~\ref{fig:exchangeschematic}. Spin conservation of the $s$-$d$-interactions implies
\[
   \frac{\chi_m}{\tau_{\rm sd}} = \frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{\nu_\uparrow}{\tau_{{\rm sd},\uparrow}}+ \frac{\nu_\downarrow}{\tau_{{\rm sd},\downarrow}} \right)~,
\]
while charge conservation yields
\[
  \frac{\nu_\uparrow}{\tau_{{\rm sf},\uparrow}}= \frac{\nu_\downarrow}{\tau_{{\rm sf},\downarrow}}~,
\]
and
\[
\frac{\nu_\uparrow}{\tau_{{\rm sd},\uparrow}}= \frac{\nu_\downarrow}{\tau_{{\rm sd},\downarrow}}~.
\]

The spin-resolved charge currents $-e {\bf j}_\alpha$ --- with the index $\alpha \in \{\uparrow, \downarrow\}$ while the respective number $\alpha \in \{+,-\}$ --- obey the linear-response expressions
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:electronspincurrent}
 - e {\bf j}_\alpha = \sigma_\alpha \frac{\nabla \mu_\alpha}{e} - \sigma_\alpha S_\alpha \nabla T + \sigma_{{\rm md},\alpha}  \frac{\nabla \mu_m}{e}~,
\end{equation}
where $\sigma_\alpha$ are the spin-dependent electron conductivities and where $e$ is minus the elecrton charge. The magnon-drag conductivities $\sigma_{{\rm md},\alpha}$ stem from frictional drag between electrons and magnons. The spin-dependent Seebeck coefficients are denoted by $S_\alpha$, and also include a contribution due to magnon drag that does not appear explicity since we have taken $T_e=T_m=T$. We neglect drag between the two spin projections of the electron as such interaction effects vanish quadratically with $T/T_F$.

The magnon spin current is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{eq:magnonspincurrent}
\hbar {\bf j}_m &=&  -\sigma_m \frac{\nabla \mu_m}{\hbar} - L \frac{\nabla T}{T} - \frac{\hbar}{e^2} \left(\sigma_{{\rm md},\uparrow} +\sigma_{{\rm md},\downarrow} \right) \nabla\mu_e \nonumber \\
&&- \frac{\hbar}{2 e^2} \left(\sigma_{{\rm md},\uparrow} -\sigma_{{\rm md},\downarrow} \right) \nabla\mu_s~,
\end{eqnarray}
with the magnon conductivity $\sigma_m$ and the bulk spin Seebeck coefficient $L$ (that latter also contains the magnon-drag contribution), and is driven by gradients in the magnon chemical potential, temperature, charge accumulation $\mu_e=(\mu_\uparrow+\mu_\downarrow)/2$, and spin accumulation, corresponding to the four respective terms on the right-hand side of the above equation.

Assuming a steady state and constant temperature gradients, we find --- in addition to charge conservation, $\nabla \cdot ({\bf j}_\uparrow+{\bf j}_\downarrow)=0$ --- from the continuity equations and the expresions for the currents that
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{eq:steadystateeqschempots}
&&\nabla^2 \mu_s = \frac{\mu_s}{\ell_{\rm sf}^2} + \frac{1}{\ell_{\rm sd}^2} \left[\mu_s - \mu_m \right]~, \nonumber \\
&&\nabla^2 \mu_m
 = \frac{\mu_m}{\ell_{\rm mr}^2} +  \frac{\beta}{\ell_{\rm sd}^2} \left[\mu_m - \mu_s \right]~,
\end{eqnarray}
where we assumed that $\sigma_{\rm md,\alpha} \ll \sigma_m$, as estimated below, and neglected the magnon-drag conductivities.
These equations involve the spin-flip relaxation length that governs decay of the electron spin accumulation
\begin{equation}
\frac{1}{\ell_{\rm sf}^2} = \frac{e^2\nu_\uparrow}{\sigma_\uparrow \tau_\uparrow} +  \frac{e^2\nu_\downarrow}{\sigma_\downarrow \tau_\downarrow}~,
\end{equation}
the length scale $\ell_{\rm sd}$ for electron-magnon spin equilibration given by
\begin{equation}
\frac{1}{\ell_{\rm sd}^2} = \frac{e^2\nu_\uparrow}{\sigma_\uparrow \tau_{{\rm sd},\uparrow}} +  \frac{e^2\nu_\downarrow}{\sigma_\downarrow \tau_{{\rm sd},\downarrow}}~,
\end{equation}
and the magnon relaxation length that governs relaxation of the magnon chemical potential
\begin{equation}
\frac{1}{\ell_{\rm mr}^2} =\frac{\chi_m \hbar^2}{\sigma_m \tau_{\rm mr}}~.
\end{equation}
The dimensionless constant $\beta=\hbar^2 \sigma_\uparrow\sigma_\downarrow /e^2(\sigma_\uparrow+\sigma_\downarrow)\sigma_m$ characterizes the electron conductivity relative to magnon one. Note that we have used the restrictions on the various time scales set by charge conservation and spin-conservation in the $s$-$d$-interactions in arriving at the expressions for the above length scales.

We end this subsection by some remarks on how to extend the theory presented here beyond the simplifying assumptions that we made: The inclusion of separate temperatures for magnons, electrons, and phonons, would require one to include the continuity equations for the energy densities of magnons, electrons, and phonons, and the corresponding energy currents. The various continuity equations would have to include relaxation terms that correspond to the exchange processes depicted in Fig.~\ref{fig:exchangeschematic} as well as cross-relaxation terms. Finally, the six currents are driven by the various forces, giving rise to many more transport coefficients beyond the ones discussed so far.

\subsection{Remarks on magnon drag}
The magnon drag is discussed further using a simple hydrodynamic model \cite{PhysRevB.94.144407} that is known to give similar results as models that include spin-relaxation processes \cite{doi:10.1063/1.3672207, 0295-5075-115-5-57004}. To extract the magnon-drag conductivity from this model, we need only to include an electric field as the driving force. Ignoring, for the sake of simplicity, the spin dependence of the various quantities we have for the electron drift velocity ${\bf v}_e$ and the magnon drift velocity ${\bf v}_m$ the equations of motion
\begin{eqnarray}
\frac{d{\bf v}_e}{dt} = \frac{e {\bf E}}{m} - \frac{{\bf v}_e}{\tau_{{\rm tr},e}} - \frac{\left({\bf v}_e -{\bf v}_m\right)}{\tau_{\rm em}} ~, \nonumber \\
\frac{d{\bf v}_m}{dt} =  - \frac{{\bf v}_m}{\tau_{{\rm tr},m}} - \frac{\left({\bf v}_e -{\bf v}_m\right)}{\tau_{\rm me}}~,
\end{eqnarray}
where ${\bf E}$ is the applied electric field. Both magnons and electrons are assumed to have parabolic dispersion, with effective masses $m$ and $M$, respectively. The magnon transport relaxation time is $\tau_{{\rm tr},m}$, whereas the time scales $\tau_{\rm em}$ and $\tau_{\rm me}$ characterize momentum transfer between electrons and magnons. Momentum conservation yields $n_e m/\tau_{\rm em} = n_m M/\tau_{\rm me}$. Solving the above equations in the steady state for the magnon drift velocity, and using that ${\bf j}_m = n_m {\bf v}_m$, one finds that ${\bf j}_m = \sigma_{\rm md} {\bf E}/e$,
with
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:mdcond}
\sigma_{\rm md} = \frac{n_e e^2}{m} \left(\frac{\tau_{{\rm tr},e} \tau_{{\rm tr},m}}{\tau_{\rm me}}\right)
\left(\frac{1}{\frac{M\tau_{{\rm tr},e}}{m \tau_{\rm me}} + \frac{n_e \tau_{{\rm tr},m}}{n_m \tau_{\rm me}} +\frac{M}{m}}\right)~.
\end{equation}
Using for $m$ again the bare electron mass, we have that for metallic ferromagnets $M/m\sim 100$. For the magnon density we estimate $n_m \sim n_e \left(T/T_C \right)^{3/2}$. Furthermore, taking $\tau_{\rm me} \sim \tau_{\rm sd}\sim \tau_{{\rm tr},m}$ and using our previous estimates we find that $\tau_{{\rm tr},e} \ll \tau_{\rm me}$. These estimates imply that generically $\sigma_{\rm md} \ll \left(\sigma_\uparrow + \sigma_\downarrow \right), e^2\sigma_m/\hbar$ where we used the Drude formulae $\left(\sigma_\uparrow + \sigma_\downarrow \right) = n_e e^2 \tau_{{\rm tr},e}/m$ and $\sigma_m = n_m \hbar^2\tau_{{\rm tr},m}/M$. For $T \to 0$ we have from Eq.~(\ref{eq:mdcond}) that $\sigma_{\rm md} \sim \left(\sigma_\uparrow + \sigma_\downarrow \right) \left(T/T_C\right)^{3/2}$, so that the magnonic spin current that is dragged along by the electronic charge current ${\bf j}_e = -e ({\bf j}_\uparrow+{\bf j}_\downarrow)$ in a ferromagnetic metal is
\begin{equation}
\hbar {\bf j}_m \sim -\left( \frac{T}{T_C}\right)^{3/2}\frac{{\bf j}_e}{e}~.
\end{equation}
These estimates show that the magnon-drag contribution to the conductivities can be neglected while the magnon drag turns out to give an important contribution to the thermopower for some materials, like Fe \cite{PhysRevB.94.144407}. In the theory presented here this latter contribution is in principle included in the coefficients $L$ and $S_\alpha$.

\subsection{Spin transport in the normal metal}
The equations that describe the spin transport on the normal-metal side are similar to the ones for the ferromagnet, with the modifications that there are no magnons present, and that there is no spin-dependence of transport coefficients. To distinguish the various quantities on the normal-metal side from those in the ferromagnet, we will give them the superscript ``$N$". For example, the linear-response expression for the current in Eq.~(\ref{eq:electronspincurrent}) becomes
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:electronspincurrentnormal}
- e {\bf j}_\alpha^N = \sigma^N \frac{\nabla \mu^N_\alpha}{e} - \sigma^N S^N \nabla T~.
\end{equation}
Also note that the magnon-drag contribution does not exist in the normal metal.

\subsection{Interfacial spin transport} As we are interested in thermal spin injection from a ferromagnet into a normal metal, we have to complement our bulk expressions for the spin current with an expression of the spin current through the interface.
We assume that the interface is transparent for electrons, which implies that the electron spin accumulation is continuous at the interface. Ignoring loss of spin at the interface, we have, furthermore, for the currents through the interface that
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:bcspincurrents}
\left. \frac{1}{2} \left({j}_\uparrow -{j}_\downarrow \right) + {j}_m \right|_{\rm int} = \left. \frac{1}{2} \left({j}^N_\uparrow -{ j}^N_\downarrow \right) \right|_{\rm int}~.
\end{equation}
The magnon spin current at the interface is limited by interfacial magnon-electron scattering that leads to a finite interfacial spin conductance (per area) $g_s$. This yields
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:bcmagnonspincurrent}
\left. \hbar  {j}_m \right|_{\rm int}= g_s \left. \left(\mu_m - \mu_s^N\right) \right|_{\rm int}~.
\end{equation}
The interface spin conductance is proportional to the interface spin-mixing conductance $g_{\uparrow_\downarrow}$, and is given by
\begin{equation}
 g_s = \frac{3\zeta\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)g_{\uparrow\downarrow}}{2\pi s \Lambda^3}~,
\end{equation}
with $\Lambda = \sqrt{2 \pi \hbar^2/M k_B T}$ the magnon thermal deBroglie wavelength, $s$ the saturated spin density of the ferromagnet, and $\zeta (z)$ is the Riemann zeta function evaluated in $z$. The mixing conductance is a quantity that is known for most ferromagnet$|$normal-metal interfaces, either experimentally (see e.g. Ref.~\cite{PhysRevLett.111.176601}) or from ab initio computations \cite{jia2011}.

\section{Application}
\label{sec:appl}
\begin{figure}
	\includegraphics[width=15cm]{circuit.pdf}
	\caption{Equivalent circuit for thermal spin injection across a ferromagnet$|$normal-metal interface.}
	\label{fig:circuit}
\end{figure}

As an application of our theory, we consider the set-up in Fig.~\ref{fig:system} and determine --- as a measure for the efficiency of the thermal spin injection --- the spin accumulation at the interface on the normal-metal side that results from the temperature gradient. For simplicity, we take this temperature gradient to be constant across the whole system, and, in particular, neglect interfacial Kapitza resistances.  We solve the equations for the magnon chemical potential and spin accumulation [Eqs.~(\ref{eq:steadystateeqschempots})] in the simplifying limit that $\ell_{\rm sd} \ll \ell_{\rm sf} \ll \ell_{\rm mr}$. The former of these is motivated by realizing the $\ell_{\rm sd}$ is limited by the non-relativistic $s$-$d$-exchange interactions, whereas $\ell_{\rm sf}$ and $\ell_{\rm mr}$ result from relativistic effects, i.e., spin-orbit coupling, which are typically weak. The limit $\ell_{\rm sf} \ll \ell_{\rm mr}$ follows from the assumption that the $s$-electron spin density relaxes faster than that of magnons \cite{PhysRevB.92.180412}. Within these assumptions, we have from Eqs.~(\ref{eq:steadystateeqschempots}) that in the ferromagnet $\mu_m = \mu_s \propto e^{x/\ell_{\rm sf}}$, where we took the interface to be the $y$-$z$-plane. In the normal metal we have, of course, no magnon chemical potential, and we have for the electronic spin accumulation that $\mu_s \propto e^{-x/\ell_{\rm sf}^N}$.

Using the expressions for the currents in Eqs.~(\ref{eq:electronspincurrent}),~(\ref{eq:magnonspincurrent}),~and~(\ref{eq:electronspincurrentnormal}), together with the boundary conditions in Eqs.~(\ref{eq:bcspincurrents})~and~(\ref{eq:bcmagnonspincurrent}), and imposing that there is no charge current, we ultimately find that
\begin{equation}
\label{resultspinaccumulation}
 \left. \mu_s^N \right|_{\rm int} =
 \frac{e \ell_{\rm sf} \ell_{\rm sf}^N \nabla T \left[-2e\hbar  \ell_{\rm sf}g_sL +T\sigma_e (\sigma_m + g_s \ell_{\rm sf}\hbar )(S_\uparrow-S_\downarrow)\right]}
 {T\left[2e^2\ell_{\rm sf} \ell_{\rm sf}^N g_s \sigma_m +\hbar (\ell_{\rm sf}^N \sigma_e+\ell_{\rm sf}\sigma^N)(\sigma_m+g_s\ell_{\rm sf}\hbar)\right]}~,
\end{equation}
where we took $\sigma_\uparrow =\sigma_\downarrow \equiv \sigma_e$ to reduce the number of parameters. Moreover, the spin-dependence of the conductivities does not play an essential role in the discussion of the thermal spin injection as it is driven by the spin-dependence of the electronic Seebeck coefficients $S_\alpha$.

As a measure for the relative importance of the magnonic to the electronic contribution, we use the ratio between the first ($\propto L$) and second ($\propto (S_\uparrow-S_\downarrow)$) term in the result in Eq.~(\ref{resultspinaccumulation}). We use that $g_s,\sigma_m/\tau_{{\rm tr},m} \propto (T/T_C)^{3/2}$ and that $L/\tau_{{\rm tr},m}\propto T (T/T_C)^{3/2}$, where $T_C \sim \hbar^2 s^{2/3}/k_B M$. These temperature dependencies may be understood by noting that the magnon density scales as $(T/T_C)^{3/2}$. For the electron contribution we use that $S_\alpha \propto T/T_F$ for $T \ll T_F$. Hence, the ratio between the first  and second term of Eq.~(\ref{resultspinaccumulation}), corresponding respectively to the magnonic and electronic contribution, scales as $\sim \sqrt{T/T_C}T_F/T_C$. This implies that the magnonic contribution can be comparable or may even dominate over the electronic one. In materials where magnon drag is important we include the magnon-drag contribution to the electronic spin Seebeck coefficients, i.e., we take $S_\alpha \propto (T/T_C)^{3/2} $\cite{PhysRevB.94.144407}. This would lead to a ratio between magnonic and electronic contributions that is independent of temperature.

Note that the magnonic contribution is suppressed by the interface spin resistance for magnon spin currents that arises as a result of the interfacial $s$-$d$-scattering. This can be understood in terms of the equivalent circuit for the thermal spin transport sketched in Fig.~\ref{fig:circuit}. It relies on the fact that the finite spin relaxation lengths limit the spin accumulation drops to occur over equivalent resistances $R_m =\hbar^2 \ell_{\rm sf}/2A e^2 \sigma_m$ (with $A$ the cross section) for the magnon spin transport,  $R_e = \ell_{\rm sf}/A \sigma_e$ for the electron spin transport in the ferromagnet, and $R_{\rm int} = \hbar/2A e^2 g_s$ for the magnon spin current across the interface. Since we have taken the interface to be transparent for electrons, there is no interface spin resistance for the electron contribution. In the normal metal we have $R_N=\ell_{\rm sf}^N/(A \sigma^N)$. Furthermore, the spin transport is driven by a thermally-induced spin voltage $V_e=e \ell_{\rm sf} (S_\uparrow-S_\downarrow) \nabla T$ for the electrons and $V_m = -2 e^2 R_m L \nabla T/T$ for the magnons. Calculating $V_{\rm inj}$ from the equivalent circuit then  yields $V_{\rm inj} = \left. \mu_s^N \right|_{\rm int}/e$ and indeed reproduces Eq.~(\ref{resultspinaccumulation}). Using the equivalent circuit, it is clear that, because the magnon and electron contribution occur in parallel, their relative contribution picks up the factor $R_e/(R_m+R_{\rm int})$. Using our previous estimates we find that
\begin{equation}
 \left(\frac{R_e}{R_m+R_{\rm int}} \right) \sim \left(\frac{T}{T_C}\right)^{3/2} \left(\frac{1}{{\frac{M\tau_{{\rm tr},e}}{m \tau_{\rm sd}}} + \frac{k_F^2 \tau_{{\rm tr},e}}{g_{\uparrow\downarrow}\tau_{\rm sf}}}\right) \sim \left(\frac{T}{T_C}\right)^{3/2}~,
\end{equation}
where $k_F$ is the Fermi wave vector, and where we took $\ell_{\rm sf} \sim \hbar k_F \tau_{\rm sf}/m$ and $n_e \sim k_F^3$, and used that typically $g_{\uparrow\downarrow} \sim 1/k_F^2$, $\tau_{\rm sf} \gg \tau_{{\rm tr},e}$, and took, using the values estimated before, that  $M\tau_{{\rm tr},e}/m \tau_{\rm sd}\sim 1$.

\section{Discussion, conclusions and outlook}
\label{sec:discconcloutl}
In conclusion, we have developed a theory for thermal spin injection from a ferromagnetic metal into a normal metal that takes magnons and electrons into account on equal footing, and have shown that the magnon contribution can in general not be neglected with respect to the electronic one. While we have made various simplifying assumptions along the way, this main conclusion is not affected by these assumptions, as it ultimately relies on the fact that the scales for thermal transport by magnons and electrons are set by the Curie temperature and the Fermi temperature, respectively.

A useful direction for future research is to analyze the experiments on the spin-dependent Seebeck effect \cite{slachter2010} in detail starting from the framework developed here. Our theory is also natural starting point for the inclusion of transport processes in ultrafast magnetization dynamics as described by e.g. the microscopic three-temperature model \cite{PhysRevLett.95.267207}.

YT and JPH acknowledge support from the Center for Emergent Materials: an NSF MRSEC under award number DMR-1420451. RD is a member of the D-ITP consortium, a program of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) that is funded by the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW). This work is in part funded by the Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the European Research Council (ERC).

\section*{References}
\providecommand{\newblock}{}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Russell Slade to put Grimsby Town squad through their paces in pre-season
What does the Mariners boss have in store as the countdown to 2017/2018 begins?
Grimsby Town players report back for the start of pre-season training ahead of the 2017/18 campaign. (Image: GTFC)
Players have been put through their paces since arriving back for pre-season training – and the intensity will be cranked up from today.
Grimsby Town boss Russell Slade welcomed his men to Cheapside yesterday as the countdown to the big kick-off continues.
Aside from revealing the club's squad numbers for 2017/2018, the players were shown a 15-minute presentation, before a two-hour session.
And this morning saw them put to the test, in partnership with the Grimsby Institute.
Slade, who will continue his search for new players this week, told the Telegraph: "It was really nice to welcome people back.
"We gave the players their kit for the season, and then we had a 15-minute presentation which included some of the history of the club, the values and what we expect.
"We let them know what they can expect from the staff, and what we expect from them.
"We didn't train at Cheapside, because we wanted to keep that fresh for now. We want to keep that as fresh as we can, so we went to train elsewhere.
"It's all in association with the University."
Grimsby Town 'face competition' to sign Nottingham Forest prospect Tyler Walker on loan
Slade added: "We are getting all the data on the players – running data, jumping data, sprint data and everything, body fat and the lot."
On welcoming head performance analyst, Asser Lutu, to the club, Slade added: "Asser is more analytical, so he will be looking at the players and the opposition. He will help us put together the game-plans that I want.
"We have got Greg Howard helping with the sports science. He works with the Academy officially, but he also oversees the sports science.
"I would say we are better equipped staff-wise, let's put it that way."
Grimsby Town appoint head performance analyst ahead of 2017/2018 season
How to apply for £605 monthly benefit linked to stress and anxiety during Covid crisis
UK & World NewsPersonal Independence Payment is designed to help towards some of the extra costs of having a long term ill-health condition or disability

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For those seeking installations that inspire, explore the magic and mystery of the the natural world with Sydney sculpture artist, Tracey Deep.
There aren't too many people walking the earth who can come close to replicating the beauty of mother nature, yet Sydney artist Tracey Deep has spent the last decade producing just that.
Tracey's 'living art' sculptures can best be described as a harmonious creation of the natural world and the human eye. Her ability to revive dried and forgotten earthen remnants into tactile works of captivating proportions has seen her feature across the globe in numerous luxury resorts, restaurants and galleries.
Earlier this month we were fortunate enough to have the opportunity to meet with Tracey at her Sydney studio. Aesthetically, exploring her sculptural studio was an unforgettable experience, but the discovery of her innate connection with the natural world was wildly inspiring.
When approaching your own styling be it for a wedding, event or other such occasion, one of the key takeaways you learn from viewing Tracey's body of work is the art of intentional imperfection. Look beyond the status quo when it comes to your styling materials, be inspired by natures remnants and find interesting textures and silhouettes to incorporate into a single feature piece.
Tell us your story, what has brought you to where you are today?
My passion for working with nature, my love for art has been the inspiration behind where I am today.
Mother nature is my teacher, creating floralsculpture installations over decades has been the most inspiring tool in training my eye to assemble unique forms, patterns, shapes & tones together to create "living art".
This evolved over time to take me on another path of sculpture & installation work, using found objects & organic material, I transform these materials into something new, deconstructing & reconstructing, a play on light & shade, repetition of material, whimsical & playful, all from natures patterns,textures & tones.
There is a strong prevalence of texture displayed throughout your work. Would you say the texture and tactile traits of an object is what draws you in and if so why?
Texture is of most importance to me, as it creates character , it's the star of the story of the piece. As the textural piece is worked on & evolves a sense of depth , a mysterious journey unfolds before my eyes. So as I work towards the completed work , the texture seems to draw you in & plays on your senses.
Describe your creative thought process when foraging for inspiration in the natural environment.
I love immersing myself in nature through walks in parks, gardens, by the sea, where ever there is nature my eyes are drawn in & my senses are being stimulated, a totally euphoric experience. I'm naturally studying patterns, shapes & textures, soaking in the whimsical shadows, the playful shapes , lush textures & inspiring earthly tones. All this is seeping deep into my being & can shine through my works immediately or transpire over time.
To what extent do you plan your works? Do you begin with an end design in mind or work more intuitively?
I like to keep everything as free & flowing as possible when creating works. Usually the material will inspire the work , once the piece has been started , I start visualising as the piece evolves & keep it all very playful until the piece starts to create a shape & soon after a shapes is evolving I envision how the piece will be completed & play with options for installation.
The completion of a piece is all about the feeling your getting from the work, its always this strong sense that the work has evolved to a point where it seems to exude an energy that radiates & that is a very joyous moment, to know that this is a completed piece.
You exhibit annually, how long in advance do you start preparing for your exhibition?
I exhibit at Saint Cloche Gallery in Paddington, usually in May every year, so throughout the year I'm working towards an exhibition. Some works takes weeks & some take months, so I'm always creating works, that's my happy place.
How many hours (on average) would go into producing one of your sculptures?
Some works can take months to make depending on how layered & detailed the work is. There may be numerous processes to make a work, they all take time & demand a more labour intensive journey to completion. Also with commission works they may need to be a certain length & size, so that will determine how long a piece may take.
Finally, where can we view your work or contact you for more information?
My works can be found in luxury resorts & hotels including Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort (blue mountains), Sails in the Desert resort (uluru). International & local restaurants & bars such as Dubai Opera Restaurant , Aria Restaurant (Circular Quay) , Quay Restaurant (Circular Quay) and The Dolphin Hotel (Surry Hills) to name a few.
Works in collections can be found at NGV international gallery (Melbourne), Macquarie Bank.
Clients seem to find me through word of mouth, the old school way which I love the most. However my Instagram @floralsculptures seem to attract many like minded souls who appreciate my works inspired by "mother nature".
View more of Tracey's work via her Instagram profile.
For commission enquiries please click here.
Dream event spaces in landscapes washed of color.


text:
Art show bringing new activity to historic Central Gardens landmark
Posted 3:00 pm, March 7, 2019, by Andrew Ellison, Updated at 04:19PM, March 7, 2019
MEMPHIS, Tenn. — An iconic Memphis landmark has new life after years of being closed.
Ashlar Hall — the building that looks like a castle in Central Gardens — is opening again, with a unique show.
Julia Hinson with Lost in Found Productions is producing an elaborate art show that moves through several rooms in the house, filled with different kinds of art and decor. There'll be live music, as well as a ballet that moves through the house.
"The idea is that you get to choose your own adventure once you enter the house," Hinson said. "So, you can follow the dance as it moves or you can just sit in a room that looks like the woods kind of."
Hinson says Ashlar Hall is the perfect venue.
"It's such a beautiful building and has such an interesting past."
It was built as a home in 1896 and converted to a restaurant by the Grisanti family in the 1960s.
But most people will remember it as a nightclub in the '90s, run by Prince Mongo, an eccentric man who claims to be from the planet Zambodia.
"When we first came in there was graffiti on the walls, holes in the floor, leftover relics of a nightclub past," Hinson said.
Those issues are being fixed by real estate investor Juan Montoya, who's been renovating the building for more than a year.
The show is called Rites of Spring at Ashlar Hall — a symbol of new beginnings.
"So the idea is that spring has sprung on this building that's kind of getting rebirthed back into the community," Hinson said. "I'm especially interested in the people around here in Central Gardens being able to take pride in this house again. Not like something that's sort of crumbling in the corner."
The show will run April 5-7 and April 11-14. Tickets will be $30. Click here for more information.
Hinson is also thinking about a Halloween-themed event this coming fall.
Topics: Ashlar Hall, prince mongo
Live at 9: Ashlar Hall, Overton Park buildings re-imagined, the United Way & perfect prom pictures
Memphis Sports Hall of Fame announces inaugural class
Adult, female juvenile arrested after shooting at Colorado school
You can move into Notorious B.I.G.'s childhood home for $4,000 a month
Devastating Notre Dame blaze was 'likely accidental'
Bright Spot: Local woman works to bring art cafe to South Memphis neighborhood
Memphis lawyer gives sports agency a new look
Multicolored Memphis monument aims to make Mud Island a millennial mecca
Rhodes College renames building due to namesake's racist past
Safari Wild Animal Park and Preserve opens in Mississippi
Invasive tick new to East Tennessee found on animals
BET Awards honor Mary J. Blige, Nipsey Hussle, Tyler Perry
Bright Spot: Local Singer Reaches New Heights


Kivistik, O., and M. Luts-Sootak. "Limitation of Freedom of Speech and of the Press by Penal Law in the Final Decades of the Russian Empire". Juridica International, Vol. 27, Sept. 2018, pp. 41-52, doi:10.12697/JI.2018.27.04.


Located at the entrance of Coba Bay on Berowra Creek in Hornsby Shire, Beauty Point is also known as Coba Point.  Long the land of the Dharug people, the western bank of Berowra Creek was gradually settled by Europeans during the nineteenth century.  The original land grant of 40 acres (16 hectares) on Beauty Point was given to Joseph Rae, but by 1905 it was held by John Kelly.  That land has now been subdivided along the waterfront.
Original grant holder at Beauty Point.
Landowner at Beauty Point at the beginning of the twentieth century.


Welcome to the Contests group!
Why is this contest locked?
Win Monoprice Mini Delta 3D Printer - Discover the real business case for cloud!
Passwords - When do you change them? Win $200 Amazon gift card!
UK SpiceHeads! You could win a Jabra Evolve 65 Wireless Bluetooth headset!
Tell us about your MSP pricing, enter to win $50 Amazon gift card!


Visitors to Tallinn can enjoy some wonderful luxurious stays in a number of hotels, but there is one that offers something distinctly Alpine. The Pürovel Spa & Sport, also known as the Swissotel Tallinn, has a distinctive Swiss style and manner in everything it does, whether it's the manner of hospitality, the decor or the facilities.
With 238 superbly-decorated guest rooms, the hotel offers fabulous luxury and with this comes plenty of high-tech facilities for business travellers and holidaymakers alike. Indeed, for those who are in town on business, this is a perfect venue, with numerous well-appointed small meeting rooms with abundant facilities. It is even the easiest building to spot, being the tallest in the city. Another aspect of the hotel that stands out is the ballroom, the largest in Estonia.
The food is also superb, with the Alpine-style breakfast buffet offering a huge variety of choice to get people started on their day. Of course, for many people a trip to the Alps means chilling out and relaxation in a spa – and this hotel will not disappoint. The Purovel Spa & Sport offers a wide array of treatments to help relaxation and detoxification. Whether it is hydrotherapy or hot stone massages, every need and desire will be met. It has a heated floor, sauna, steam baths and modern sports club.With three exclusive restaurants and two bars, eating will be a delight at the hotel, while those hiring a car can enjoy secure parking. Of course, for all its Alpine style, the Pürovel is situated in a superb location near the heart of the city, making it a great base from which to explore the capital.
It is located just 15 minutes' walk away from Tallin's Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site with fine features like the medieval castle and cathedral, while the layout of the streets and the city walls have also largely survived the ravages of time and war. With its mixture of Swiss-style hospitality and Estonian heritage, this is a hotel offering luxury and variety at their very best.


text:
"All my valuables are gone" – Toke Makinwa cries out after she was robbed in London
December 1, 2022 Skillz ENTERTAINMENT 0
Popular media personality, Toke Makinwa has revealed she was robbed off her valuables in London.
The lifestyle vlogger, who was among those who attended actress Rita Dominic and her husband, Fidelis Anosike's white wedding in North Yorkshire, England, last weekend, made this revelation on Snapchat on Wednesday night.
According to Toke, the experience left her speechless.
"Just got robbed in London… I'm speechless. All my valuables are gone. Gosh how could this happen to me," Toke Makinwa wrote.
See her posts below,
This comes only a few days after singer, Yemi Alade cried out on social media after her belongings were ransacked and her money stolen from a hotel room in Abidjan.
The self-styled "Mama Africa" was in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, last weekend for the Creative Africa Nexus Weekend (CANEX WKND).
Alade shared the unpleasant experience in an Instagram post, saying that while she was out of her hotel room, an unidentified individual broke in and stole all of her money.
"A few minutes after I left my room, some unknown people decided to go through my things and steal: all the money they could find Very good", She wrote.
In other news, Nigerian business mogul, Tony Elumelu recently shared his recipe for success.
The businessman claimed that he has achieved a lot of things today due to luck and it was very important to have it.
According to him, he did not just become lucky, he had a lot of passion and put in hard work. These were the real ingredients of luck.
"One year of hard work and sweat ended in praise" – Nkechi Blessing writes as she buys new Range Rover (Photos)
My unforgettable experience on set with Funke Akindele – Actress, Mercy Johnson opens up (Video)


A few weeks ago I hosted (with the helps of some friends) the third annual Deep Fry Party! This party started a few years ago when one of my very good friends decided to move to Bulgaria. So we threw her a going away party that involved frying lots of good stuff in my turkey fryer.
It was so much fun that we decided to do it the next year and again this year!
Here's the thing though: People are getting good at the deep fry party.
The idea behind the party in its current state is pretty straightforward, I set-up my turkey fryer (description is a bit more thorough in last year's post), I supply a few staples (fried chicken, french fries, etc) and then fry whatever else people bring.
This year people completely blew my mind with the stuff they brought.
The Food. I started the party off by making some really good fried chicken. If you're in the market, this brined fried chicken recipe makes some of the best fried chicken I've had. It was seriously out of this world. You don't have to deep-fry it though. Pan frying or even baking it is a fine option. We had some leftover that I baked the next day and it was still really good.
No photos of the chicken. Sorry. It was gone too fast.
While I don't have a photo of the fried chicken, I can show you a picture of Fried Chicken, which is the name we gave a friendly cat that came over as we were making the fried chicken.
Besides the chicken, there was a lot of fries of course. Beautifully crisp fries.
Pickles have also become a pretty solid staple at the deep fry party. Coat them in some cornmeal and they are ready to fry.
Then there was tons of interesting stuff that people brought. We had coconut shrimp, which were excellent.
We also had a pretty good assortment of veggies that we beer battered and fried up.
But then we had some seriously interesting stuff. Not everything is photographed. Some of it you will have to take my word for.
One thing that was photographed though was deep fried pork ribs. Yea, that's right.
Those are spare ribs. I have no idea how they were prepared.
And this is what I mean when I say that people have gotten good that this party. They bring stuff that I have no idea how they prepared and we fry it and it's delicious.
1) The above ribs. They were amazing and he brought them on a whim.
2) These things my friend, Jeff, brought which were basically grilled hot dog pieces inside mozzarella sticks. If I recall correctly he made these by melting an entire block of mozzarella, pouring it into a large plastic bag, adding all the hot dog pieces, smooshing it around, chilling it so the cheese solidified, then chopping up the pieces and breading them for frying.
As you might imagine, they worked out pretty darn well.
Umm… yea. These worked just fine.
3) A few of the party attendees were from Texas and they said that the thing at the fairs this year is deep fried Frito pie (See this list for that and more). So they recreated it! They added chili, cheese, and jalapenos to Frito scoops and froze them. Then we battered them up and fried them! No photos… sorry they went too fast, but they were really tasty.
Then there was the sweet stuff. The surprise of the night was these deep fried strawberries that were actually very tasty.
And of course we had to have some of these. I don't need to tell you what they are.
Classic. Standard. A must have.
The Stages of a Cook. I really enjoy these parties, but they do remind me why I could never own or seriously work in a restaurant. I just don't think I have the stamina. We started this deal at about 5PM and ended around 11PM. Most chefs work for like twice that long.
My awesome photographer for the day (Yasmin also photographed our wedding!) did a pretty solid job of documenting my slide into craziness.
See this. I'm a happy host! Happy and smiling!
A proud deep fry host.
A few hours later I'm still in good spirits! My hair's a bit slick due to the oil, but I'm still the jokester!
A few hours later darkness has fallen and I'm still thrilled to be making good food.
A few hours later and I'm getting a bit kooky.
And then I'm very skeptical that we are ever going to be finished frying things.
I'm skeptical of what's happening.
And when it's finally all over… I need a drink!
And… I've gone completely loco.
But seriously this as a fantastic party. One of my favorite parties of the year. If you have some willing friends and feel like picking up a turkey fryer, it's a fun way to spend a day.
Oh! That sounds like a Money party! I am glad you got a little taste of what it is like to be a chef. I have a feeling you could hold your own in a kitchen though, you showed a lot of dedication and passion into just this poT. That is exactly what you need when faced with 200+ covers on a Saturday night and your station is the calamari station!
perhaps for your next fry-off, you could try deep fried ice cream: scoop up your ice cream, freeze it solid, then double batter it in crushed corn flakes. After 30 seconds of frying, you will have a hot crust, with perfect ice cream inside!
Seriously, Evans! This looks amazing. The strawberries?! Uh wow. You are clearly going to make friends where ever you go. But the real question is Betsy in the background with a fire extinguisher?
sounds like fun, I am so trying Jason's ice cream!
LOL!! love it. where did i see a deep fry party? oh on the cooking channel. they had a system down! imena everything was lined up ready to go and there was adequate ventilation.
love the oreo's best, of course.
What a fantastic party idea! The food looks amazing!
What about a fried cat?
Just kidding, Though I am not sure about people from China and Thailand.
I love fried food very much. alas it doesn't love me.
So I "fry" my food in water or just a spoon of oil.
Thank you (?) for wakening all the juices in my mouth.


What it covers could've been said in fifteen minutes.
And a follow-up Q&A on the recent refret video.
Capitalist critic Mark Fisher on music history and culture. Good talk.
A few years back he wrote a book which now influences the 'language'.
Man, Joe is such a great guitarist. He has the melodic sensibilities of Mayer and guitar skills to match, this is the kinda stuff I'd like to hear on the radio instead of Areola Grande and George Zebra's annoying Shotgun.


Police say BYU football recruit Charles West was shot in the arm outside of a Texas middle school Sunday night. Via D Magazine, video of the shooting has surfaced on YouTube, showing West running away as the shooter fires six shots.
Police reportedly detained a suspect Monday, but won't release his name until they talk to more witnesses.


text:
Film Review: Takers
Posted on January 21, 2011 Author Antonio
Takers
Starring: Idris Elba, Paul Walker, Matt Dillon, Michael Ealy, Jay Hernandez
Director: John Luessenhop
Rated PG-13 for intense sequences of violence and action, a sexual situation/partial nudity and some language
They're suave, they're sophisticated, they are the Takers. Another entry in the slick heist genre, Takers is a welcome addition showcasing a group of bank robbers who are efficient and precise when pulling off a job. The movie brings coolness and a sense of finesse amidst a constant barrage of action, explosions, and gunplay. Takers is pure escapist entertainment at its finest. It asks nothing more of you than to sit back, grab the popcorn, and enjoy the ride. Takers is now available on VUDU to own or rent it in SD, HD, and HDX!
Takers centers on a crew of five bank robbers who know exactly what they're doing. Led by Gordon Cozier (Idris Elba), the crew also consists of John Rahway (Paul Walker), Jake (Michael Ealy) and Jesse (Chris Brown) Attica, and A.J. (Hayden Christensen). They are meticulous in their details, studying their targets to make sure everything goes flawlessly. When they strike, they strike big, and then they go silent, always allowing at least a year to lapse between jobs. When Ghost (T.I.), a former member of the squad, gets released from prison early, they worry he might hold a grudge seeing he was the only one who was caught in a heist five years ago. Ghost, however, brings them a fail-proof job to make them all rich and settle the past. Going against their M.O., the group doesn't want to pull a job having just done one. Rather than risk Ghost exposing them, they go along with the plan, but always keep an eye on him. To complicate matters, two Los Angeles detectives, Jack Welles (Matt Dillon) and Eddie Hatcher (Jay Hernandez) are hot on their trail, getting closer and closer to nabbing the thieves.
Takers showcases some of the most impressive stunt and chase sequences amongst all recent action films. The film goes to great lengths to avoid the use of CGI, instead opting for good, old fashioned techniques. The stunt team is really the star here, especially during a memorable chase scene near the end featuring Chris Brown's character, Jesse. There's a heavy use of parkour in this sequence that heightens the tension and action. Jesse's ability to bounce off walls, slip through small openings, and take giant leaps fuels the adrenaline-filled action. The heist sequence prior to this chase is also to be commended. The use of pyrotechnics and explosions gives the added realism that is usually unattainable by CGI.
Takers isn't just all guns and explosions. Takers separates itself from becoming just another cliché action-crime film by taking time to develop characters and create subplots. It greatly adds to the depth of these characters rather than making them one-dimensional archetypes. The subplot concerning Gordon and his drug-addict sister Naomi (Marianne Jean-Baptiste) is particularly poignant, creating a contrasting juxtaposition and even hypocrisy between them. Gordon, the lifetime thief, is pressuring his sister, the lifetime addict, to clean herself up and lead a straight life. The idea of a criminal trying to reform another criminal creates a complicated relationship between the two. Another subplot concerns Jack as a renegade cop, always toeing and occasionally crossing the line by often exhibiting excessive force with criminals. His personal life is also explored, as is his relationship with his partner Eddie. A clichéd action flick wouldn't even bother with these stories.
Takers is a great way to just sit back and enjoy a movie. There's solid story and character development that doesn't require a deep analysis. Everything's there for you, and sometimes, that's what a movie should be. Yes, movies can be deep and insightful and offer social commentary, but not every movie needs to be like that. Movies are meant to be form of escapist entertainment. The audience should be drawn into the world of the movie. Takers does this, and does it well. It never aspires to be more than what it is, and that's just fine.
Co-stars Paul Walker and Hayden Christensen may have never appeared in a movie together prior to Takers, but they certainly have a history. Paul Walker had auditioned in the early 2000s for the role of Anakin Skywalker in "Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones", a role that ultimately went to Hayden Christensen.
Categories: New Releases, VUDU Reviews


buy NBA 2k17 VC Who Else Desires To Understand NBA 2K16 MT?
There is one series themed around back-to-school, another around the beach, and lastly a pirate theme series.Indie game studio Pirate World Games has announced that their newest title called Mmorpg pirates will be landing on PC in the very near future.Among the reasons it was shelved was a Online pirate game that players discovered during the game's beta.Users testing out the Pirate ship game: Pirates mmo demo this week on PC discovered the intro and shared it online.
There may only be a few days left until the launch of Pirate games mmorpg, but there are still some events planned in the interim.After seeing the impressive creations Lewis and his team cooked up, it's disappointing the team won't be able to develop another Pirates game online game for a while.The update is currently rolling out for PC users only, and should be reaching your region soon, if it hasn't already.The game utilizes a control scheme comprised of virtual buttons, so there are movement controls in the lower left of the screen, and some virtual buttons in the lower right.It's why some data miners find exotic weapons and armor that never actually make it into the game.


Prerana Waldorf School believes in protecting the essence of childhood by providing a fully integrated and age appropriate education.
We bring rich and artistic learning experiences which emphasize the human values of truth, beauty, and goodness to encourage a sense of wonder and reverence for our world as well as greater social responsibility.
We promote the healthy physical and social development of every child entrusted into our care, consciously striving to strengthen and nourish body, soul, and spirit.
Our task is to educate the children to become confident, balanced, free thinking human beings who are able to more fully realize their individuality and help them to embrace and direct their unfolding destiny.
Waldorf education is a fully integrated and holistic education which teaches to the whole human being; head, heart, and hands, and embraces, honors, and celebrates our social and cultural diversity. It is one of the fastest growing independent school movements in the world with over 1100 schools in over 75 countries, more than 2000 early childhood programs on six continents, and over 600 institutions for curative education.
Rudolf Steiner (1865-1925) was a highly respected scientific, literary, and philosophical thinker and scholar, well known for his work with Goethe's scientific writings and as a progressive innovator. Founded on his insights, Waldorf schools teach out of a curriculum based on the fundamental truth that human beings are three fold in nature, comprising of body, soul, and spirit.
We weave art, music, movement, and practical arts into all of our lessons reflecting the widely diverse and colorful nature of the human experience. By following the natural stages of child development and meeting them in age appropriate ways, we mirror the path of humankind and the patterns of growth in civilization. The children greatly benefit from our integrated and progressive curriculum.
Choosing a school and an educational system for your child is one of the most important decisions that you will make.
Our admissions procedure is more than simply filling out forms, providing documents, and paying fees for here at Prerana we want to join and support parents and families in a partnership, the noble and collaborative task of educating their children.


To register your U.S. company to attend the Dallas / Fort Worth Seminar on January 16, click HERE.
To ensure the success of the Road Show, it is important that all U.S. companies provide the organizing committee with information about their company and business development interests as early as possible. Early submissions will allow the organizing committee to best utilize its resources to ensure networking and matchmaking efforts are tailored appropriately according to each company's needs and expectations.
To register, please complete the form below and submit it online.
Kindly submit additional forms if registering for more than one participant.
What is your company's primary industry sector?
Please select your best estimate of your company's gross annual sales of consumer electronics products.
Would you like to meet with one or more of the delegates after the seminar?
Please provide a brief profile of your company: What market does your company represent? What makes your company unique? What would you like to get out of meeting with the HTRS delegation?


text:
Prisons, warts and vimugodi
By Mbinji Mufalo
"We are all prisoners but some of us are in cells with windows and some without." – Kahlil Gibran
IN the last couple of dark moons, a singsong that has caught my attention the most is the one on prisons and warts. For now, put aside the play scripts on the allegations of cowards; "haulas"; namby-pambies in sisal wigs; and, of treason for allegedly eating, then stealing Pride, the King's prized cockerel. Take a Yoga position, and mull over Hakainde Hichelema, Mwaliteta, prison and warts. Think of their memory of our prisons.
"Dehumanising, urine, faecal matter, disease infested, pit latrines (vimugodi)..," are surely their memories. Rather nightmarish.
Lest we forget, the Zambia Human Rights Commission has for years, consistently provided us with Reports on prison conditions in the country. The singsong is the same, only the time changes.
Overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions! This is, in part due to unreasonable durations of pre-trial detentions. Overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions, the Reports say, have resulted in the prevalence of diseases like scabies and warts.
For instance, the 2007 Annual State of Human Rights in Zambia tells us that, "there are 1, 826 terminally ill prisoners countrywide". In the same year, we are also told of a prisoner who had been locked up for 5 years without trial as he never appeared in Court since his arrest in March 2002; and of, another individual who the Court sentenced to 5 years imprisonment after waiting for 5 years for his judgment (Well, he was released as he had already spent 5 years in Scheol).
In 2008, the singsongs include a suspect accused of robbery, who had been in prison since 2005, last appeared in Court in 2006 and allegedly had been locked up without trial because his case record could not be found; and, an HIV positive individual remanded in prison and denied access to ARVs for two months.
Come 2015, the singsong is now mangy dog-eared. People die! 'The most common illnesses that result in natural deaths in these facilities are tuberculosis, pneumonia, hepatitis B, malaria…'[1] Of course, people die!
Really wonder why the Human Rights Commission ever bothers.
Well, let us get back to Hichelema and Mwaliteta. It now should not surprise you that their walk to freedom is not as memorable an experience, as the warts. I do not seek to minimise the unacceptable cruelty suffered. I really thought an enforced wart on a fellow like Hichelema, Mwaliteta or the late Michael Sata (he once spent 27 days in prison, long enough for warts to set in) would make us howl together with the Human Rights Commission.
Fact is, Hichelema's, Mwaliteta's concern on warts in our prisons cannot evoke howlings on what we are as a people, just like the Human Rights Reports do not. We just do not care!
If we did. We would not have the majority of our people still doing their early morning rituals in vimugodi; they will not still be drinking water from holes connected to vimugodi. This happens, while in an unthinking stupor we celebrate a sickening self-impoverishing public expenditure culture of luxury SUVs. How then can it be that warts will really concern us!
Could be, that is why we even build roads that tomorrow, are vimugodi.
I have been on prison condition visits, before. Our prisons are places that make you more somber than the places of many crosses where we like wetting our eyes. The prisons call out to your inner soul, even if you do not have a conscience. They call forth in you, questions of how we can treat fellow humans worse than hogs on an average European farm.
Enforced warts can be very painful, especially if they develop in the nether ends. Unless of course, if one is juiced on my beloved grandmother's paraffin and battery acid laced seven-days brew. Pity, my grandmother has not yet secured a prisons export permit for her brew. So, it is unlikely that anyone who has experienced our prisons cannot lament about enforced warts.
Let us start saying, no to warts and vimugodi. Warts and vimugodi are an inerasable epitaph of what we are, what we need to change in ourselves, irrespective of how often we break the stone.
In any case, it is written in the stars, that our existence should light the path of darkness, not only for ourselves but more so for those that come before us, for those that do not have the strength to walk with us, and for those that fall before us.
We are the light, and our ways, not our words, should be the living monuments of that light. We should never dance to warts and vimugodi. This is the promise, and we should always keep it.
Pax vobiscum – Peace be with you.
[1] 2015 Annual State of Human Rights Report
Kambwili Pleads Not Guilty
Chitimukulu should protect his people or shut up


- Friday night was spent in Niagara Falls (or as A calls it Niaganal Falls). This little trip included dinner in Rainforest Cafe (a huge hit with the kiddos), a 4D movie/ride, a walk down Clifton Hill and a drive to see all the beautiful Christmas lights and then the light show in the falls. A thought that the falls were naturally lit and magical so was quite disappointed when she found out in the morning that they weren't.
- We had our Nexus interview for easier cross border access on Saturday .
- A delicious lunch with D's cousin and her family followed before I had to hit one of the most magical places on earth-- Target.
- We also headed to the Walden Galleria mall after where I had to participate in some Black Friday weekend shopping.... you know, to help out the US economy! 50% off at Loft- yes please!
- Dinner was fantastic at Bravo!
- On Sunday, we did some chores at home before heading to A's school skating party and the mall.
- D's parents came to town for a couple weeks from TNT- the girls have so many fun activities planned for them to do.
Can you tell that we aren't at all excited?!
I have regrets that I didn't get this!
The meal was bigger than her face.
I really dislike these jojo siwa huge bedazzled bows but my kids love them!
You didn't get it?!?! I was just SO sure it was going to find its way home with you, it's perfect. I hope you guys have a great time with the grandparents!
We haven't been to the Rainforest Cafe for a few years, but I think we need to make another trip! It is so much fun. I would love to see Niagara Falls all dressed up for Christmas.
OOH A Trini visit. Glad you guys had a blast. Giggling at niaganal falls - kids are just too cute!
How much fun you all had over the weekend and getting to do some Black Friday shopping! The picture from Target is perfect! You should have bought it for the girls room or somewhere like that. I haven't been to Niagara in over 10 years so I really need to go back but when it WARM!


Do you suffer from lower back problems? Or is there a potential for pain because of the way you sit or work? If so, take a look at the results of our lumbar products testing to see whether they may be worth paying for.
They say Clinically tested lower-back pain relief product.
Problems before use? Lower back pain for few months; occasional pain down the back of one leg.
They say Designed to mould to the contours of the lower back … ideal for sufferers of back pain.
Problems before use? No specific problems apart from slight lower back stiffness from sitting.
They say Provides compression and support for those suffering from lower back pain.
Problems before use? Lower back pain, stiffness in the morning and night.
They say Lifts and tilts pelvis forward to optimise seated angle to reduce lower back stress.
What problems before use? Chronic lower back pain, not helped by sedentary work and lifestyle.


text:
Find support service offerings
View detailed status
Cloud-powered insights for petabyte-scale data analytics across the hybrid cloud.
Search, analysis and visualization for actionable insights from all of your data.
Analytics-driven SIEM to quickly detect and respond to threats.
Splunk SOAR
Security Orchestration, Automation and Response to supercharge your SOC.
Splunk Observability Cloud
Innovate faster and improve user experience with full-stack, AI-driven insights.
Splunk Infrastructure Monitoring
Improve hybrid cloud performance with instant visibility and accurate alerts.
Splunk Application Performance Monitoring
Improve app performance with full-fidelity tracing and always-on profiling.
Splunk IT Service Intelligence
Ensure service performance with full visibility, AIOps and incident intelligence.
Timely security research and guidance
Customer Success starts with data success
Free Splunk
logo Free Splunk
Login | Sign Up My Dashboard Logout Logout
Languages Languages
The Data Age Is Here. Are You Ready?
A survey of 2,200+ global business and IT leaders shows how organizations can leverage the technologies driving a data revolution.
Data: It's Everything
A quarter-century of digital transformation has gotten us here: to the advent of the Data Age. From the introduction of email through to broadband, WiFi, cloud storage, SaaS and big data analytics, the pieces have been moving into place. Now, in the year 2020, we are at the cusp of something new.
To thrive in this new age, every organization needs a complete view of its data — real-time insight, with the ability to take real-time action.
We wanted to know: Are today's organizations ready for tomorrow's (seriously, tomorrow's) data?
Only 14% of organizations are prepared for the Data Age. Of the unprepared 86%, only 8% say they'll be ready in time.
Whose Data Isn't Big?
Working with researchers at the TRUE Global Intelligence, we surveyed 2,259 business and IT leaders worldwide, who say both the volume and value of their data is growing. Two-thirds expect the sheer quantity of data to grow nearly 5x by 2025.
These front-line leaders also told us:
Data is extremely or very valuable to their organization in terms of overall success (81%), innovation (75%) and cybersecurity (78%).
And yet:
Sixty-six percent of IT and business managers report that half or more of their organization's data is dark (untapped, unknown, unused) — a 10% increase over the previous year.
57% say the volume of data is growing faster than their organization's ability to keep up.
47% bluntly say that their organization will fall behind when faced with rapid data volume growth.
Six Drivers of the Data Age
Primary accelerants of the Data Age are emerging technologies powered by, and contributing to, exponential data growth.
Chief among these emerging technologies are:
5G networking
Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML)
Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR)
These are not the only technologies, and there will be yet more, but they are the leading edge of data transformation. Our research found that among global respondents:
42% of IT and business managers, on average, say they have high levels of understanding of these technologies.
53% of organizations are not preparing at all.
Half (49%) expect to use these technologies in the future.
IoT has the most penetration (but only 28%), while 5G has the shortest implementation timeline: 2.6 years.
Confidence in understanding of 5G's broad potential varies: 45% of U.S. respondents say they get it, versus 62% in China and 24% in Japan.
Across Industries and Around the Globe
The report, "The Data Age Is Here. Are You Ready?" looks at regional and vertical data to better understand Data Age competitiveness across industry and geography. Highlights include:
For five of the six technologies, financial services is the top vertical in terms of current development of use cases. Retail comes second in most cases, though retailers lag notably in adoption of AI.
62% of healthcare organizations say that half or more of their data is dark, and they struggle to manage and leverage data.
The public sector lags behind commercial organizations in adoption of emerging technologies.
More respondents in manufacturing (78%) predict growth in data volume than in any other industry; 76% expect the value of data to continue to rise.
Variations also play out internationally:
Fully 90% of respondents from China expect the value of data to grow. They're by far the most optimistic about the impact of emerging technologies, and they're preparing: 83% of Chinese organizations are prepared or preparing for rapid data growth, compared to just 47% across all regions.
San Francisco, California, U.S.
U.S. respondents are the second most confident in their ability to prepare for rapid data growth, with 59% indicating that they are at least somewhat confident.
In France, 59% say that no one in their organization is having conversations about the impact of the next wave of data.
Japan, 67% say their organization is struggling to stay up to date, compared to the global average of 58%.
UK managers report relatively low current usage of emerging technologies but are optimistic about plans to use them in the future. For example, just 19% of UK respondents say they are currently using AI/ML technologies, but 58% say they will use them in the future.
London, England, U.K.
Download the full report for global trends and insights across five industries and eight countries (United States, the UK, France, the Netherlands, Germany, China, Japan and Australia).
What Leaders Look Like ...
Across the five industry sectors surveyed, four believe theirs is best positioned to benefit from the wave of data generated by, and generating, the Data Age. But it will take strategic thinking and hard tactical preparation.
Read the report to understand the competitive landscape and the four key recommendations for success in the Data Age.
What's Your Data Really Worth?
Model content data
5 forces driving the data wave
6 Myths of AIOps Debunked
The Splunk Platform
Scalable Index
Collaboration & Orchestration
Splunk Mission Control
Splunk User Behavior Analytics
Splunk On-Call
SOLUTIONS BY INITIATIVE
Data Edge
About Splunk
Splunk Policy Positions
Splunk Ventures
Splunk Protects
SPLUNK SITES
Splunk Live!
T-Shirt Store
splunk logo
Splunk Licensing Terms
Splunk Patents
Splunk, Splunk>,Turn Data Into Doing, Data-to-Everything, and D2E are trademarks or registered trademarks of Splunk Inc. in the United States and other countries. All other brand names,product names,or trademarks belong to their respective owners.


ACT I SCENE IV Rome. Octavius Caesar's house.
OCTAVIUS CAESAR I should have known no less.
LEPIDUS 'Tis pity of him.
3. Alexandria. The capital of Egypt.
4. Fishes. Plutarch says that Antony when fishing with Cleopatra was vexed at his want of success and, on one occasion, hired divers to fasten a live fish on his hook. Cleopatra found out the trick, and next time she ordered her own divers to be quicker than Antony's and place a salt fish on the hook. When the latter drew it up in triumph, she and her attendants were vastly amused.
6. Ptolomy. Cleopatra belonged to the line of the Ptolomies, a famous dynasty of Egyptian rulers.
9. Abstract. The epitome, the very embodiment.
15. Purchased. Inherited rather than acquired by himself.
19. Mirth. A revel, a feast.
20. Turn. To sit at table and drink with a slave.
21. Reel. That is, to go reeling along.
21. Buffet. Play the part of buffet.
27. Lightness. When our burden is so much the greater for his levity.
28. Vacancy. Times of leisure.
29. Surfeits. Satiety and physical pains would be the natural punishments.
30. Confound. But to waste a time such as this, when his own interests and ours demand his attention, is a fault that ought to be reprimanded as we chide boys.
33. Mature. Old enough to know better.
34. Pawn. Sacrifice their better judgment.
35. Rebel to. Rebel against their judgment.
36. News. Shakespeare sometimes treats this word as singular.
42. Discontents. Malcontents, the dissatisfied ones.
43. Give him. Represent, speak of him as one who has been wronged.
47. Is. The man who has power was desired by the people only until he actually acquired power.
47. Ebb'd. One whose fortunes have declined.
50. Lackeying. Waiting upon, going back and forth with.
57. Lack blood. Grow pale with fright.
57. Flush youth. Hot-blooded youth, or youth at its prime.
60. War. That is, his name strikes more terror than it would were his war resisted.
64. Consuls. The name of the ruling officers of Rome.
67. Suffer. With fortitude greater than that with which savages could suffer.
68. Gilded. Covered with scum.
82. Assemble. Let us assemble a council at once.
89. It. That is, to take account of my resources.
95. Bond. I know that I am bound to do so.


text:
Q: Show / Hide UIBarButtonItem Depending On If The View Is Empty Or Not I have a simple iPad project with a view having two containers. When the entries on the left side are selected, the right side gets updated with its details. The right view controller also has UIBarButtonItem on a toolbar that used UIActivityController to share its contents on different social networks. The button is connected with the IBAction as follow:
-(IBAction)Share:(id)sender
{
    NSArray *activityItems = @[self.title, urlString];
    UIActivityViewController *activityVC = [[UIActivityViewController alloc] initWithActivityItems:activityItems applicationActivities:nil];
    [self presentViewController:activityVC animated:YES completion:nil];

    [activityVC setCompletionHandler:^(NSString *activityType, BOOL completed)
     {
         NSLog(@"Activity = %@",activityType);
         NSLog(@"Completed Status = %d",completed);

         if (completed)
         {
             UIAlertView *objalert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"Alert" message:@"Successfully Shared" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
             [objalert show];
             objalert = nil;
         } else
         {
             UIAlertView *objalert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"Alert" message:@"Unable To Share" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
             [objalert show];
             objalert = nil;
         }
     }];
}

Everything works fine BUT when the app is opened for the very first time, the right side is empty and tapping on the Share button results in a crash.
How can i hide the bar button when the right view controller is empty and the bar button item appears only when there is content in the view controller ??
Thanks in advance.

A: I don't know if there's a way to "hide" it, but you can set its enabled property to NO, when you first create the button in viewDidLoad. Or, you could just delay its creation until you update the right side with details.
How you then enable or create it, depends on what you're doing to update the right side. A common way would be to override the setter of something you're setting a value of when you do the update. For instance, if you were setting the value of a string property called detailString, you could do this:
-(void)setDetailString:(NSString *) newString {
    _detailString = newString;
    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem.enabled = YES;
}


text:
Q: Mysql filter query from drop down box Good morning, I have the mysql query below to display the years sales which worked fine until the year changed as it now shows Jan 2012 & Jan 2013 combined.
To try to resolve I placed a drop down form box (id=YearSelect) with value of 2012 & 2013, is it possible I can control this query with the value selected? Should the end user select 2012 then that value would be sent to column Year as a type of where clause?
<form id="yearselect">
<select name="year">
  <option value="">Select year </option>
  <option value="2012">2012</option>
  <option value="2013">2013</option>
</select>
</form>

Select
  *,
  If(q.Adviser Is Null, 1, 0) As remove
From
  (Select
      a.ContactFullName As Adviser,
      YEAR(b.CaseDate) As Year,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 1, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Jan,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 2, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Feb,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 3, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Mar,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 4, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Apr,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 5, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As May,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 6, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Jun,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 7, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Jul,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 8, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Aug,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 9, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Sep,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 10, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Oct,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 11, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Nov,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 12, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Decb,
      Sum(b.CaseCommission) As Total
    From
      tblcontacts a Inner Join
      tblcases b On a.ContactID = b.ContactAssignedTo
    Where
      WHERE Year(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = ".(int)$_POST['year']."
    Group By
      a.ContactFullName WITH ROLLUP
    Having
      Sum(b.CaseCommission) > 0.01) q
Order By
  If(q.Adviser Is Null, 1, 0), q.Total Desc

Any advice appreciated.

A: What about changing this WHERE:
Where
  b.StatusSubmittedDate > '2012 - 01 - 01'

to:
Where
  YEAR(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = ".(int)$YEAR_VALUE_FROM_DROPDOWN."

That should be enough...

A: Considering the PHP tag I assume you are showing the results on a PHP bases page. You can use the following code to do what you want.
<form id="yearselect" method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
<select name='selyear' onchange='document.getElementById("yearselect").submit()'>
  <option value=''> - Select year </option>
  <option value='2012'>2012</option>
  <option value='2013'>2013</option>
</select>
</form>

<?
$y = date("Y");
if (isset($_POST['selyear']))
{
  if (checkdate(1, 1, $_POST['selyear']) && $_POST['selyear']>=2012)
    $y = $_POST['selyear'];
}

$query = 'Select
  *,
  If(q.Adviser Is Null, 1, 0) As remove
From
  (Select
      a.ContactFullName As Adviser,
      YEAR(b.CaseDate) As Year,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 1, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Jan,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 2, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Feb,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 3, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Mar,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 4, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Apr,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 5, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As May,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 6, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Jun,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 7, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Jul,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 8, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Aug,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 9, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Sep,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 10, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Oct,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 11, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Nov,
      Sum(If(Month(b.StatusSubmittedDate) = 12, b.CaseCommission, 0)) As Decb,
      Sum(b.CaseCommission) As Total
    From
      tblcontacts a Inner Join
      tblcases b On a.ContactID = b.ContactAssignedTo
    Where
      b.StatusSubmittedDate > \''.$y.' - 01 - 01\'
      AND b.StatusSubmittedDate < \''.$y.' - 12 - 31\'
    Group By
      a.ContactFullName WITH ROLLUP
    Having
      Sum(b.CaseCommission) > 0.01) q
Order By
  If(q.Adviser Is Null, 1, 0), q.Total Desc'

  //output results
?>

Now I didnt check your query as you mentioned it works. Also instead of posting the form on changing the select list, you could also alter it to use AJAX or whatever to make it better. But I guess you get the idea.
Also I now check for a valid year, not just 2012 or 2013. That depends on what you want.


text:
Shred Violin
BLЭК
Dancing Violins
Hevelia
Interview in "Strings" magazine by Christopher Roberts
"One Violinist's Stage Is The New York City Subway"
Violinist Michael Shulman plays for New Yorkers during their rush hour commutes
Name: Michael Shulman
Hometown: Moscow, Russia
Instrument: Electric violin
Occupation: Street musician, rocker
Affiliation: The rock band In Twilight
Quote: 'It all started with the subway.'
Like the millions with whom he shares its crammed spaces each day, violinist Michael Shulman relies on the New York City subway system to get to work. But that's his only stop. For the better part of a decade, Shulman's stage has been the city's subway platforms. Serenading commuters pays his rent and the grocery bill, provides artistic inspiration, and aids creation.
It even helped him find band mates.
But his is no mere street busker's act: Shulman has reached a measure of modest fame in the city and on YouTube for a playing style known as "shred." Some call it neoclassical, but it's perhaps best described as "Paganini-meets-rock-guitar god Yngwie Malmsteen," with Shulman providing his own backing tracks and a little spice, courtesy of two effects pedals.
His stage act also incorporates dance and kung fu moves while bowing.
And all this just a few years after standing on freezing subway platforms, playing scales on an acoustic violin, learning to finger and bow wearing winter gloves, and watching for thieves and subway police.
"It all started with the subway," he says.
The original idea was to become a rock-star front man for a metal band when he arrived in the Big Apple from his home in Moscow, Russia, with—in true bohemian fashion—nothing more than a suitcase in one hand and his violin case in the other. He'd played violin since age six, but hated to practice and hadn't played much prior to arriving. But when good jobs proved hard to find, and with no rock groups looking for a vocalist with little to no English skills, bringing the violin proved to be a lifesaver.
It was a music or death situation, he says, adding that he had noticed other musicians earning a few bucks playing tunes on the subway. "But I had forgotten even how to hold the violin properly," he says. "Luckily I had some sheet music, and just started playing scales in the subway, trying to get my skills up."
He did that for a few years while still nursing his rock 'n' roll fantasies, before finally having a revelation: the subway was his stage, for good or ill, and if he wanted to be a musician, he needed to act like it was Carnegie Hall.
He became possessed.
Today, Shulman also gigs at clubs, art showings, and private parties, but the two or three sessions a week in the subway, all approved by subway authorities, are truly where it all happens for him.
"It's hard," he says. "I was afraid to put it all out there, playing on the subway. You don't feel like opening up. But then I realized it's now or never.
"If I want to make my mark on the world, this is how."
Check out videos of Michael Shulman's shred violin at blackviolin.com.
Read this story on "Strings" website.
Interview for "Gothic Beauty" magazine by Lily Stahl
Commercial for "US OPEN" on CBS
Perfroming live and interview on "Morning News" Channel 11 PIX
Performing live and Interview on "LXTV" NBC
Michael@blackviolin.com
Enjoy the Music? Please consider a donation!
Just posted a photo https://t.co/s9CvO1Whjn
Just posted a video @ Bremen, Germany https://t.co/SA4bhYbI8q
Just posted a video @ Bremen, Germany https://t.co/6D1NmTyvYn
Just posted a video @ Bremen, Germany https://t.co/EeQVLa50Cf
Just posted a video @ Bremen, Germany https://t.co/vUgv2B6x70
© 2020 Michael Shulman


DeepMap Inc., which was founded by mapping veterans of Alphabet Inc., is building systems enabling self-driving cars to steer through complex cityscapes. DeepMap plans to license its map-building software to automakers and technology companies looking to teach cars how to drive.
The company recently raised a $25 million funding round led by Accel, adding to the $7 million it raised last year. In the chase to secure the investment, the firm penned an 80-page white paper on DeepMap's technology.