text:
Die königliche Menagerie von Versailles war das erste große Projekt von Ludwig XIV. in Versailles. Sie wurde noch vor der Schaffung des Grand Canal errichtet. Der 1663 begonnene Bau wurde während der Französischen Revolution aufgegeben und verfiel zu einer Ruine, die heute nicht mehr existiert.

Bau unter Ludwig XIV.
Mit dem Bau wurde der Architekt Louis Le Vau beauftragt, der 1663 mit den Arbeiten begann. Die Menagerie wurde zwischen 1662 und 1664 am südlichen Ende des späteren Grand Canal entlang der Straße zwischen Versailles und Saint-Cyr-l'École errichtet, aber erst 1668 vollständig fertiggestellt.

Die Menagerie ist um ein achteckiges Gebäude herum angeordnet, das von einer Schieferkuppel gedeckt ist. Dieses Gebäude ist wiederum von einem achteckigen Hof umgeben, der sich zu sieben durch Gitter und Mauern abgetrennten Höfen für Vögel und exotische Tiere öffnet. Ein Balkon umgibt den ersten Stock des Gebäudes und ermöglicht einen Blick auf die verschiedenen fächerförmig angeordneten Gehege. Auf der Vorderseite des Gebäudes befindet sich ein Ehrenhof. Für die allgemeine Anordnung der Gebäude der Menagerie und der Tierhöfe ließ sich Le Vau offensichtlich von der Voliere des römischen Patriziers Gaius Terentius Varro in Casinum inspirieren, die er wahrscheinlich aus einem Kupferstich von Pirro Ligorio kannte. Daraus leitete er die Idee eines Schlosses ab, das in einen Pavillon mündet, dessen Form die um ihn herum angeordneten Gehege nachbilden.

Die Menagerie von Versailles, die als Prunkraum konzipiert war, sollte ein Ort der Pracht und des Staunens sein, an dem exotische und wilde Tiere aus der ganzen Welt entdeckt werden sollten. Es sollte Ziel für Spaziergänge bei großen Festen und Empfängen von Ludwig XIV. werden. Besucher aus dem Europa der Aufklärung sollten unter anderem Kolibris, Papageien und Strauße, einen Elefanten oder ein Dromedar zu sehen bekommen.

Im Gegensatz zur Menagerie im Schloss Vincennes, die Ludwig XIV. 1661 für das Spektakel von Wildtierkämpfen eingerichtet hatte, war die Menagerie von Versailles ein Ort des Vergnügens und der Entdeckung für den Hof, Besucher, Künstler und Wissenschaftler. So wurde die Menagerie nicht nur von Chirurgen, Zoologen oder Präparatoren besucht, sondern auch von Tiermalern wie Pierre Puget oder Nicasius Bernaerts.

Die Menagerie war auch ein politisches Objekt, um die Macht des Königs zu demonstrieren. So beauftragte er seinen wichtigsten Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert, die exotischen, seltenen und kuriosen Tiere aus der ganzen Welt durch Ankäufe von der französischen Ostindienkompanie zu erwerben. Colbert wandte sich zunächst an Nicolas Arnoult, den Schatzmeister der Galeeren, da die Tiere fast alle über den Hafen von Marseille – und in geringerem Maße auch über den Hafen von Toulon – umgeschlagen werden mussten. Die Sterblichkeit unter den Tieren war jedoch sehr hoch, die meisten überlebten die Reise nicht, zumal wahrscheinlich aus Gründen der leichteren Einfangbarkeit nur sehr junge Tiere verschickt wurden. Um die Sterblichkeit zu verringern, verlangte Colbert ab 1669, dass die Lieferungen nur im Sommer erfolgen sollten. Er forderte von Arnoult auch Felle und Pflanzenessenzen für Versailles und bat ihn daher, eine Person zu benennen, die nur für die Versorgung der Menagerie mit Tieren zuständig war. Dies war Mosnier Gassion, der sich in der Levante, in Ägypten und Tunesien dafür umsah. Er tätigte etwa vierzig Reisen und brachte unter anderem Strauße und Enten aus Ägypten mit. Sein Bruder war in Alexandria stationiert. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt, wahrscheinlich um 1691, wurde der Bestand der Menagerie vielfältiger.

Die Menagerie nahm auch Tiere auf, die dem König als diplomatische Geschenke überreicht wurden, wie eine Elefantenkuh aus dem Königreich Kongo, die 1668 von Peter II. von Portugal geschenkt wurde,. Unter den Geschenken von arabischen Prinzenwaren auch Raubkatzen.

Adlige an vielen europäischen Höfen ahmten die Pracht von Versailles nach und gründeten ihre eigenen Menagerien, so im Schloss Chantilly 1663, in Het Loo in den Niederlanden 1672, im Palácio Nacional de Belém in Lissabon 1726, im Retiro-Park in Madrid 1774, im Wiener Schloss Belvedere 1716 und Sanssouci in Potsdam.

Ludwig XIV., der mit Ende 50 der exotischen Tiere überdrüssig wurde, ließ die Menagerie 1698 von Jules Hardouin-Mansart vergrößern und restaurieren, um sie der damals 12-jährigen Maria Adelaide von Savoyen zu schenken, die ein Jahr zuvor als Ehefrau des Dauphins Louis de Bourbon, duc de Bourgogne, des Enkelsohns des Königs, an den Hof gekommen war. Marie Adelaide  machte die Menagerie auch zu einer Residenz, in der sie nachmittags ihre Freizeit verbrachte. Die Menagerie verfügte nun über einen Lustgarten, einen "kühlen" Saal mit Wasserspielen und Rocaille-Dekor und eine Kapelle. Hinzu kam ein Bauerngehöft mit Wirtschaftsgebäuden, Ställen, Hinterhof, Taubenschlag, Molkerei und Gemüsegarten.

Maria Adelaide vergnügte sich dort beim Schlagen des Butterfasses und spielte die Bäuerin. Das Lustschloss über der Menagerie machte sie indes zum Schauplatz ihrer Affären.

Im Jahr 1711 brachte der normannische Korsar Jean Doublet zwei Lamas mit, Tiere, die am Hof noch unbekannt waren und als "seltsame männliche und weibliche Schafe" bezeichnet wurden.

Maria Adelaide starb 1712 im Alter von 26 Jahren an Masern, denen auch einer ihrer Söhne und ihr Ehemann zum Opfer fielen, was den Beginn des Niedergangs der Menagerie einläutete.

Verfall und Ende der Menagerie
Die Menagerie wurde während der Regentschaft seines Nachfolgers vernachlässigt. 1722 wurden ein Elefant und einige wilde Tiere wieder ausgestellt, um den jungen Ludwig XV. zu unterhalten, dem der Graf von Maurepas ein Löwenjunges und einen Tiger schenkte.

Der junge König vernachlässigte die Menagerie – er besuchte sie nur ein einziges Mal – und ließ sich seine eigene experimentelle Menagerie bauen. Die Instandhaltung wurde vernachlässigt, und der Architekt Ange-Jacques Gabriel stellte bereits 1751 den Verfall der Anlage fest. Die Tiere lebten fast frei in den verfallenen Gebäuden, als Ludwig XVI. darüber nachdachte, die geretteten Tiere in den Jardin des Plantes in Paris zu verlegen. Mit der Revolution wurden die meisten Tiere gegessen oder verkauft. 1793 wurden nur noch fünf Überlebende gefunden. Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès erhielt das Anwesen im Jahr 1800 zurück. Die letzten Tiere wurden aus der verfallenen Menagerie in das Muséum national d'histoire naturelle gebracht, wo das eingebürgerte Nashorn von Ludwig XV. gehalten wurde.

Die Menagerie existiert heute nicht mehr, auch wenn auf Luftaufnahmen noch einige Spuren sowie ein Wachhäuschen und ein Nebengebäude in der Nähe der Residenz La Lanterne erkannt werden können.

Der erste Zoo der Neuzeit
Die Tradition, in der Nähe des Herrschers eine Sammlung exotischer Tiere zu unterhalten, ist bereits seit der Antike bekannt, doch der von Ludwig XIV. in Versailles geschaffene Zoo war ein völlig neues Modell, das in ganz Europa übernommen wurde. Die erste Neuerung bestand darin, dass die Tiere, die in den Gehegen anderer königlicher Residenzen verstreut waren, an einem einzigen, dauerhaften und nicht mehr wandernden Ort zusammengeführt wurden. Außerdem war die königliche Menagerie die erste, die eine Klassifizierung der Tierarten vornahm, wobei jede Tierart in geeigneten Höfen untergebracht wurde. Schließlich wurde die von Le Vau entwickelte echte Szenografie mit ihrem radialen Grundriss und der Ausstrahlung der Höfe von einem erhöhten Aussichtspunkt aus weitgehend nachgeahmt, insbesondere 1752 von Kaiser Franz II. von Habsburg für seinen berühmten Tiergarten Schönbrunn in Wien.

Sonstige Tierhaltung in Versailles

Außerdem wimmelte es im Schloss von Versailles von tierischem Leben: In den Gemächern der Prinzen und im Vorzimmer des Königs mit seinen Nischen gab es Dutzende von Haustieren: Nasenbären, Quagga, Möpse, Grüne Meerkatzen, Angorakatzen, Aras und Wellensittiche sowie den Kronenkranich, der als "königlicher Vogel" tituliert wurde.

Zu den Tieren, die am Hof gehalten wurden, zählten außerdem 700 Pferde in den königlichen Ställen sowie 300 Jagdhunde im großen Zwinger.

Ausstellungen
 Les animaux du roi. Exposition Chateau de Versailles. Sous la direction d'Alexandre Maral et Nicolas Milovanovic. Ed. Liénart, Paris 2021. ISBN 978-2-35906-345-5

Anmerkung

Einzelnachweise

Konigliche Menagerie
Erbaut in den 1660er Jahren
Zoo in Frankreich
Zerstört in den 1800er Jahren
Abgegangenes Bauwerk in Frankreich
Oktogon
Zentralbau in Frankreich
Organisation (Département Yvelines)
Ehemaliges Unternehmen (Île-de-France)
Ehemaliger Freizeitpark
Freizeitpark in Europa
Barockbauwerk in der Île-de-France


Anna heads the Real Estate and Property team at Meredith Connell.
She advises clients on a wide range of commercial property matters. Her expertise is in the acquisition, management, development and disposal of property, public works law, statutory compliance, fractional ownership schemes, property investment structures and commercial leasing.
Anna also provides advice in relation to Treaty of Waitangi issues including settlement negotiations, land ownership and administration.
Advising the Ministry of Education on the acquisition of land and infrastructure for new schools throughout New Zealand, including providing advice on Public Works Act procedures and obligations, negotiation of acquisition and development agreements, site due diligence, and co-ordinating input from external providers and advisors.
Advising an overseas property fund manager on the acquisition, management, redevelopment, subdivision and sale of its New Zealand property assets, including negotiating contracts for purchase and sale, advising on complex warranty and occupancy issues, and advising the fund and its directors on their statutory and regulatory obligations.
Acting for nationwide retailers on the acquisition and development of leasehold premises, focusing on the negotiation of complex commercial development and lease agreements and on the associated management issues relating to operating expenses, alterations, disposals and landlord/tenant disputes.


, we picks the best series using ideal resolution exclusively for you, and now this pictures is usually one among graphics selections in your ideal pictures gallery with regards to Cartongesso In Bagno. I'm hoping you might enjoy it.
published through bito from 2017-11-09 13:10:21. To determine almost all photos in Cartongesso In Bagno graphics gallery you need to follow that url.


An Education Business Opportunity offers a fantastic example of how you can operate your own business and develop your career in a rewarding and expansive business sector.
Education Business Opportunities include chances to teach additional curriculum subjects such as languages, Spanish, French to additional school tutoring for core curriculum subjects such as Math's and English.
Education Business Opportunities bring great variance to the nature of work and operation available including part time/ full time and many being home based.
Whilst some companies prefer experience in the education sector, may don't and will provide full training and support whilst you launch and grow your own education business.


Our dealership is offering the new Cadillac CTS-V Sedan to its Baton Rouge customers. Choose this sedan for a more delightful and smooth drive. If you are looking for a sedan that is not only aesthetically pleasing, but also high on performance, then this vehicle is just the right one for you. The interior of this car offers style and comfort, and is premium in every aspect. Every drive will be memorable while driving the new Cadillac CTS-V Sedan around Baton Rouge, thanks to its all-round performance. This vehicle also comes with the latest infotainment options that keep you and your passengers entertained and connected on the road. Visit us and take home the new Cadillac CTS-V Sedan from our Baton Rouge dealership today.


seven guardians of light children are not allowed to use these products alone to avoid swallowing and eating guardians should take close custody of users and children.
seven guardians of light kingdom hearts 3 rumors upcoming game to introduce seven guardians of light.
seven guardians of light and the seven lights of the x blade aka the the same thing though therefore there can be more than seven lights.
seven guardians of light seven guardians of light guardians of the galaxy light seven layer dip recipe seven guardians of light.
seven guardians of light kingdom hearts three by.
seven guardians of light please look forward to finding out whether those seven will actually be the 7 guardians of light.
seven guardians of light my 7 of light and of dark meme by.
seven guardians of light seven guardians of light 7 guardians of light even though the mom was talking about the.
seven guardians of light the seven guardians of light by.
seven guardians of light a guide to kingdom hearts.
seven guardians of light assuming these are correct journey will be finding and any other potential guardians of light that may be in the various worlds.
seven guardians of light shes talking about a new generation of seven princesses in it was revealed that even if they gather all seven guardians of light.
seven guardians of light seven guardians of light 7 comics to read while waiting for guardians of the galaxy vol seven guardians of light.
seven guardians of light image 1.
seven guardians of light my 7 guardians of light by.
seven guardians of light kingdom hearts.
seven guardians of light hot topic mickey.
seven guardians of light you get a you get a he gets a she gets a s for everybody.
seven guardians of light the seven guardians of the rainbow.


text:
16 Campgrounds in Quebec for Fun Family Vacations this Summer
Do you practice gratitude? I have a confession to make: it's gratitude that, in 2020 and again in 2021, has allowed me to see the beauty and good around me despite everything that we are collectively going through with the pandemic. It is in that spirit that I wish to share my gratitude that the pandemic allowed me to get back to basics and reconnect with nature. In fact, my family and I had the pleasure of rediscovering camping, and we created memories that will remain etched in our hearts forever.
Me, my family, and nature… how could I have forgotten how much these 3 elements combined made me so happy? To rediscover this happiness for yourselves, I suggest that you visit one or more of these 16 campgrounds in Quebec where you can have a great time with your family in nature this summer.
La Bannik Campground,Témiscamingue
La Bannik is a haven of peace where nature and amenities coexist perfectly. You will find a restaurant on site where they boast quality service and a breathtaking view of Lake Témiscamingue. The sites for pitching your tent are well maintained and spaced out in order for everyone to have their privacy. Like many, you will love the hiking trails and the nearby Parks Canada site for a complete nature experience.
Click here to learn more about La Bannik and booking information!
Bas Saint-Laurent Koa Resort, Bas-Saint-Laurent
Few campgrounds can boast such a magnificent lake with a view of the mountains, being a 2-minute walk from Parc du Mont St-Mathieu, and having a full, well-maintained, and clean amusement park. This is what BAS SAINT-LAURENT KOA RESORT has to offer. The cherry on top: they have the most welcoming staff! The restaurant's sugar pie is also said to be the most decadent!
Click here to learn more about Bas Saint-Laurent Koa Resort and booking information!
Camping Aventure Mégantic, Eastern Townships
To visit this campsite is to want to return again another time. Bustling with activities during the day, and peaceful at night, this campground will delight those who like to move (including children) and those who just want to relax. Tranquility and privacy are ensured by the spaced-out and well-defined sites. You will be happy to know that this campground even welcomes your pup for a small fee. The view of the lake and the mountains is certainly breathtaking, but the one you will have of the stars at the nearby Mégantic Observatory will take your breath away. Your price includes attentive staff as well as clean and safe premises.
Click here to learn more about Camping Aventure Mégantic and booking information!
Camping Plage Paris, Centre-du-Québec
Camping Plage Paris is a campground that has attractions for everyone young and old: water games, a clean and safe beach, and a lagoon-style pool newly renovated last summer as well as attentive owners that ensure your stay is as pleasant and safe as possible.
Click here to learn more about Camping Plage Paris and booking information!
Camping au bord de la rivière, Charlevoix
Situated on the outskirts of the Malbaie river, with the added bonus of a magnificent view of the mountains, this campground by the river delights children with a complete playground (there is even a trampoline, minigolf, and a mini-farm) and the adults with shows on their outdoor stage on the nights and weekends. They say that the staff knows how to create ambiance, especially during the organized pool parties.
Click here to learn more about Camping au bord de la rivière and booking information!
Camping des Aulnaies, Chaudière-Appalaches
Family-oriented and known for its activities and entertainment, the Camping des Aulnaies is truly a slice of paradise. You will find all that you need for a successful family escape with onsite recreational and utility facilities (pool, playgrounds, water games, restaurant, laundry, etc.). 398 spacious and grassy campsites are at your disposal to help you relax on your well-deserved family vacation.
Click here to learn more about Camping des Aulnaies and booking information!
Boreal Campground, Côte-Nord
Nestled right in the heart of nature, Boreal Campground is synonymous with tranquility! An ideal destination for those with children, Boreal Campground is said to be the only campground in the East Quebec to have large waterslides and probably the only campground to have a drive-in movie theater. At the onsite restaurant, you can satisfy your cravings while socializing, especially on Thursdays from 5 to 7, when the dining area comes alive with bistro charm and live music.
Click here to learn more about Boreal Campground and booking information!
Camping Auberge du Lac Malcom, Gaspé Peninsula
Situated in a natural and enchanting setting, Camping Auberge du Lac Malcom offers a family-friendly atmosphere that will leave you wanting more. At the edge of a peaceful lake, you'll be able to indulge in all sorts of water activities. For mountain biking enthusiasts, direct access from the campsite will allow you to have fun on the trails.
Click here to learn more about Camping Auberge du Lac Malcom and booking information!
Camping des Sillons, Magdalen Islands
Located on the edge of the Dune du Sud beach, on the side where you can appreciate the spectacle of the sunrise, Camping des Sillons offers you the opportunity to spend your dream family vacation in an exotic and striking setting. Red cliffs, white sand beaches, ocean as far as the eye can see and its salty smell, this is what awaits you, in addition, to clean facilities along with the warm and welcoming staff.
Click here to learn more about Camping des Sillons and booking information!
Camping vacances St-Tropez, Lanaudière
Situated at the heart of the Lanaudière region and rated 5 stars by the Québec camping development council since 2015, Camping Vacances St-Tropez is highly appreciated by camping enthusiasts. The cleanliness of the entire site, the various facilities, and the services available to you will convince you to pitch your tent here.
Click here to learn more about Camping Vacances St-Tropez and booking information!
Iroquois Falls Campground, Laurentides
Imagine a campfire, the reinvigorating sound of the Red River Falls, and marshmallows roasting in the flames. Doesn't that sound like the perfect setting for camping? This is what you can find at Iroquois Falls Campground. Throw in a beach where you can lounge, a family hike, a stroll to Tremblant, recreational play areas, and fishing, and you are no longer far from your perfect vacation.
Click here to learn more about Iroquois Falls Campground and booking information!
Camping Paradiso, Mauricie
Situated between Trois-Rivières and Shawinigan, Camping Paradiso has a warm, safe, lively environment where children and adults will hardly be bored. With a pool, spa, solarium reserved for adults, as well as two playgrounds, pool, zip line, and go-karting for the children, there is something for everyone. On-site, there is also a family team dedicated to your satisfaction.
Click here to learn more about Camping Paradiso and booking information!
Domaine des Erables, Montérégie
Located 45 minutes from Montreal, the campground Domaine des Erables is said to be a tranquil oasis far from the hustle and bustle of the city that leaves vacationers with unforgettable memories. With abundant services, amenities, and activities, this campground has everything you're looking for.
Click here to learn more about Domaine des Erables and booking information!
Royal Papineau, Outaouais
Situated at the foot of a mountain and encircled by 3 lakes, Royal Papineau offers a natural setting with all of the amenities and conveniences of modern life. Tennis, basketball, volleyball, watersports, hiking, and mountain biking are just a few of the activities offered onsite. You will be equally charmed by the spectacular white sand beach on the shores of Clay Lake.
Click here to learn more about Royal Papineau and booking information!
Camping du lac Blanc, Portneuf
Situated on a charming site, in the picturesque region of Portneuf, Camping du lac Blanc offers 558 sites, one of which will be the perfect site for your vacation. The camping leisure committee will surprise you with its million and one activities, including the teenage club, the camper's Halloween, the cardboard boat race, and several more. Guaranteed fun for the whole family!
Click here to learn more about Camping du lac Blanc and booking information!
Camping Municipal de Péribonka, Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean
A small campground situated along the Véloroute des Bleuets route, Péribonka offers more than 73 sites, open or secluded, for many types of lodgings, including camping tents. Make the most of your stay by visiting Pointe-Taillon national park, accessible via the water shuttle located on the campground. Don't miss out on enjoying a meal at Bistr'eau Pub Péribonka, just a stone's throw from the campground, or go pick the fruit that is the pride of Lac-Saint-Jean: blueberries.
Click here to learn more about Camping Municipal de Péribonka and booking information!
Those are several campgrounds where one can create precious family memories this summer. Get my personalized map of Quebec in order to keep track of the places in the province that you have visited.
16 Campgrounds in Quebec for Fun Family Vacations this Summer2021-05-112022-05-18https://www.easyplanettravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/ept-logo-custom-maps-2022-long-dark.pngEasy Planet Travelhttps://www.easyplanettravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/sans-titre-1.png200px200px
Clinton Cornell May 11, 2021
I'm super excited for my next camping Trip!!
Dominique Lessard May 15, 2021
Me too! You have no idea how much! 🙂
Custom World Map with Your Portrait
Travel Desk Calendar 2023
Custom World Map with Countries for Kids
Loom Waterproof Shoes: an Active Mom's ReviewTravel Fashion
10 Activities You Need to Do with Your Family this SummerFamily activities

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Como remover o hover dos itens de menu e dos botões? Creio que minha pergunta é bem objetiva: como remover o efeito "hover de itens do menu e de botões? Segue uma imagem do efeito hover que pretendo retirar (botão e itens de menu):

A: Isso depende muito do Look and Feel(LAF) que estiver sendo usado na aplicação, pois geralmente é ele quem define esse tipo de característica dos componentes.
Caso não tenha modificado o que o java define por padrão(que se chama "Metal"), a forma mais simples seria alterando as propriedades específicas deste LAF:
UIManager.put("MenuItem.selectionBackground", UIManager.getColor("MenuItem.background"));
UIManager.put("MenuItem.selectionForeground", UIManager.getColor("MenuItem.foreground"));

Na verdade, isso é um "workaround" onde eu defino as mesmas cores padrões de background e foreground para as cores que seriam aplicadas quando o JMenuItem for selecionado. Isso causa o efeito abaixo:

Também é possivel criar a UI para o JMenuItem manualmente, mas particulamente acho bastante complexo de se fazer, sendo que é possível alterar com apenas duas linhas.
Caso você utilize o LAF do sistema onde a aplicação está executando, ou utilize outro como o Nimbus, ai não te resta escolha a não ser fazer o que citei no parágrafo anterior, pois as alterações sugeridas não irão funcionar para estes dois casos.

E para JButtons, você pode utilizar o método setRolloverEnabled(), mas vai acabar caindo no mesmo problema, pois dependendo do LAF utilizado, ele pode simplesmente ignorar esse comando e não remover o efeito.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Brazilian agrochemical company Fersol (Mairinque) has won injunctions granting it access to all documentation related to the review of the insecticide, methamidophos. The 2nd Federal Court of the Distrito Federal granted the company three injunctions against the national health surveillance agency, the Anvisa, last month. Fersol seeks to use the legal gains to mount an appeal against the recent Anvisa resolution to phase out all uses of methamidophos by June 2012 ( Agrow No 608, p 14).


text:
Humans+Avengers: EndgameShareSubscribe
An Old Marvel Interview May Have Spoiled 'Avengers: Endgame's Big Twist
By Mae Abdulbaki
Filed Under Entertainment, Avengers, Doctor Strange & Infinity War
Avengers: Infinity War left a lot of fans reeling about what the future could bring for our beloved superheroes, with Thanos snapping many of them into oblivion (though Spider-Man's safety is guaranteed thanks to the Spider-Man: Far From Home trailer). If and how they'll come back in Avengers: Endgame has become a major talking point, and so have the Infinity Stones, with one theory suggesting the Mind Stone could've influenced Thanos himself. But what if the key to finally defeating Thanos is actually the Time Stone?
Redditor u/mjsbullitt presented further evidence as to why the Time Stone could play a major role in Avengers: Endgame, potentially confirming the Time Loop Theory after they found an old interview with Doctor Strange screenwriter Jon Spaihts. In the interview, it's revealed that it was Kevin Feige who came up with the initial idea to include the time loop scene in Doctor Strange as part of a "grand design."
"We were trying to figure out how that final battle could go," Spaihts said, "and Kevin was focused on his long play with the Eye of Agamotto and the role it's going to play in his grand design in the cinematic universe — very focused on Strange's manipulation of time. It was Kevin Feige in the room who said, 'Could he trap him in time?'"
Doctor Strange in 'Avengers: Infinity War'
So the same way Strange fought Dormammu could be the key to Thanos' defeat as well. This isn't a new theory, as it's long been thought that time manipulation would play a key role in Avengers: Endgame, and if the Time Stone can create a time loop then it can also turn back time to before Thanos snapped his fingers to begin with.
Why not send Thanos back to the moment he was so proud of? That way the Avengers could trap the Mad Titan in a time loop and take all the time they need to defeat him. If Doctor Strange is indeed "playing the long game" then he knew exactly what he was doing the entire time. The time loop theory certainly makes his last words to Tony Stark make more sense.
This theory is even more plausible now that we have confirmation Feige was involved. It might sound strange to think that the key to defeating Thanos in Avengers: Endgame was introduced in a totally different movie three years earlier, but that's the beauty of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Everything connects.
Avengers: Endgame is in theaters April 26, 2019.
Media via Marvel
9 Revelations Marvel Will Likely Make at San Diego C...
More Possible Marvel Phase 4 Facebook Leaks Now Incl...
'Thor 4' Is Happening With Taika Waititi at the Pote...
Here Are 4 More Marvel Panels to Check Out at SDCC 2...
One Huge MCU Character Won't Be in 'Black Widow' — H...


Rossetto Diamond Flat Screen Tv Stand Black Lacquer With Flat Screen Tv Stands. Top 10 Tv Stands With Mounts Hometone Home Automation And Intended For The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Creative Of Tv Stand With Storage For Flat Screen Tv Tv Stands Throughout The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Creative Of Tv Stand With Storage For Flat Screen Tv Tv Stands Pertaining To Flat Screen Tv Stands. Tv Stands Best Solid Wooden Flat Panel Tv Stands Flat Screen Tv With Flat Screen Tv Stands. Southwest Curved Flat Screen Tv Stands Cabinets Plasma Lcd Tv Intended For Flat Screen Tv Stands. Tv Stands Flat Screen Tv Stand On Wheels Ideas Astonishing Flat Inside The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Tv Stands 2017 Flat Screen Tv Stands Images Inspiring Flat In The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Tv Stands 2017 Flat Screen Tv Stands Images Extraordinary Flat Regarding Flat Screen Tv Stands. Creative Of Tv Stand With Storage For Flat Screen Tv Tv Stands With Regard To Flat Screen Tv Stands. Southwest Curved Flat Screen Tv Stands Cabinets Plasma Lcd Tv Pertaining To The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Attractive Tv Stands For Flat Screen Tvs Mainstays Tv Stand For Within Flat Screen Tv Stands. 17 Best Images About Tv Stands On Pinterest In The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Tv Stands For Flat Screens Unique Led Tv Stands With Regard To The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Best 25 Flat Screen Tv Stands Ideas On Pinterest Flat Screen Throughout The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Techlink Arena Flat Screen Tv Stand For Screens Up To 50 In Black For Flat Screen Tv Stands. Attractive Tv Stands For Flat Screen Tvs Mainstays Tv Stand For Throughout The Incredible In Addition To Stunning Flat Screen Tv Stands For Wish. Die Besten 25 Flachbildfernseherstand Ideen Auf Pinterest Flat In Flat Screen Tv Stands.


Most trash dumpsters for rent businesses in Wellton have clear-cut policies that will help you understand just how much it costs to rent gear. Following this advice will help you avoid hidden fees when renting a dumpster in Wellton.
Many businesses will charge you extra for keeping the dumpster longer than concurred. Make sure you plan ahead so you can keep the dumpster for a suitable period of time. You must also ask about additional fees so you will know how much extra days cost.
Most trash dumpsters for rent companies in Wellton normally rent containers for a conventional rate for 7 days, although most one time customers end up keeping their container an average of three and a half days. When you call to reserve the container, chat with the customer service representative about the duration of time you think you will need.
If it turns out that your project takes longer than you anticipated, only phone the dumpster business to describe. Most companies will charge you on a per-day basis after your initial seven days. It's vital that you communicate this added need as soon as you understand you've it since most dumpster companies have a small variety of bins that could already be reserved. Most companies will work with you to accommodate your extra rental time. In case you think you will want the dumpster for an extra week or more, be sure to mention that; rates may change based on a longer time period.
When you rent a dumpster in Wellton, you're dealing with professionals who use terms connected with the construction industry and dumpsters each day. Because you probably do not use these terms every single day, here's a bit of the lingo to get you acclimated. This can really help you deal with company workers who may get impatient if you don't realize what they are explaining about their products.
"Container" and "roll off" are both acceptable terms for the large metal box you want to rent. Professionals don't use the term "dumpster" as much as the other terms. Containers are usually let in cubic yard sizes, but you don't have to contain the "cubic" part. Merely say "yard" or "yarder." If, for example, you need to rent a 30-yard dumpster, you may say, "I'm interested in a 30-yard roll off" or "I Had like to rent a 30-yarder." Take advantage of these terms, and you're going to sound like a professional when you call.
Choosing the top dumpster for your endeavor is an important aspect of trash dumpsters for rent in Wellton. If you choose a dumpster that is too little, you will not have enough room for your debris and waste, which means you'll have to schedule extra trips. In the event you choose one that is too huge, you'll save time, but you'll squander cash.
If you call a trash dumpsters for rent business in Wellton and describe the job for which you need a dumpster, they can recommend the finest size. Their years of experience mean they generally get it just about right. A 10-yard dumpster usually works well for moderate-sized clean-up projects and modest remodeling jobs. A 20-yard dumpster is the most suitable choice for big home clean-up projects and moderate-sized renovation projects, while a 30-yard dumpster has higher walls which are ideal for a house cleanout or remodeling jobs on a sizable house. 40-yard dumpsters are massively big and are used just on the biggest projects including new building.
One of the most significant things to do when you're considering a construction or remodeling job is to plan ahead. Part of that procedure will be researching your dumpster needs for the endeavor. Understanding ahead of time how trash dumpsters for rent in Wellton works will make things simpler when you start the procedure. It's possible for you to locate a lot of the overall information you need online, but for information specific to your area, you'll need to call your local business. Ensure that you ask about any hidden or additional fees so you don't get stuck with a surprise bill.
One of the biggest parts of your research will be determining the correct size container you should rent predicated on the size of the job. This will be your biggest price, so make sure you get a size that is large enough to last for the whole endeavor. Other problems to research first comprise a potential place for the container, the type of waste that you're throwing away and the duration of time you will need the dumpster.
Dumpster rentals are one of the most affordable means to remove waste and debris from a dwelling or commercial property. Still, it's important that you consider your choices to make sure you receive the best price possible on your trash dumpsters for rent in Wellton.
Requesting businesses for price quotes is among the simplest methods to make sure you get a great deal. After speaking to a number of businesses, you can compare the quotes to decide which one matches your needs at the lowest cost. When getting quotes, make sure the businesses comprise all the services you will desire. Some companies charge extra for services like drop off and pick up. They could also charge higher rates for removing particular kinds of materials. By having them comprise all the fees in your quote, you can compare the prices correctly instead of getting mislead by a rental company that conceals additional costs.


text:
Allied Esports and Cyberathlete Championship Series teams up with Challengermode to host SI2022 Open Qualifiers
Leading global esports platform Challengermode has teamed up with Allied Esports and Cyberathlete Championship Series to host the European and North American open qualifiers for the 2022 Six Invitational – the last chance for competitors to make it to the Rainbow 6 World Championships in Montreal.
The winner of the open qualifiers for each region will win a spot at the SI2022 finals being held in Montreal, Canada next February. There they will have a chance to compete against the best professional teams in the world for a prize pool of $3million. The Group Stage will take place from February 8th-12th, playoffs from February 14th-20th, with the Grand Final happening on February 20th 2022.
Organised by Allied Esports and the Cyberathlete Championship Series (CCS), the first Qualifier starts 4th December, with tournament sign-up now available for any hopeful teams across Europe or North America. Only one slot is up for grabs from each regional qualifier of North America, Europe, Latin America and Asia Pacific, so expect competition to be fierce.
Philip Hubner, CBDO at Challengermode said: "Having Allied Esports and the Cyberathlete Championship Series choose Challengermode as the platform to host open qualifiers for the SI2022 competition is a wonderful endorsement of our ability to make the highest levels of esport competition open to anyone. CCS is a pillar of the community tournament scene for Rainbow 6 in North America, and Allied has been instrumental in elevating the level of competition across Europe. We couldn't be more excited to be working with such impressive organisers, and hope that players will enjoy competing using the Challengermode platform to play on the biggest stage in the Siege year, and even potentially become World Champions."
Rob Walker, founder of the Cyberathlete Championship Series said: "The support Challengermode has been able to offer through its automated tournament platform has made scaling the open qualifiers to any size we may need exceptionally easy. We've been extremely happy with the usability and versatility of the tools they've been able to provide, and we look forward to working closely with Challengermode to offer as many teams as possible the chance to compete at the highest level of competition for Rainbow 6 Siege."
Leon Groenewoud, CEO Europe and VP Gaming & Esports at Allied Esports added: "We're incredibly excited to be producing the European qualifiers for the SI2022 in our Hamburg studio. Being able to rely on Challengermode to once again provide the best platform to administrate the tournaments frees us up to focus on providing the best possible production services to elevate creators, competitions and content across the esports industry."
Interested teams can sign-up for the chance to qualify for the World Championship in R6 with SI2021 through the Challengermode website here. Open qualifiers will run from 4th-18th December, with North American Qualifiers viewable via the official CCS Twitch channel and European Qualifiers via the official Rainbow 6 Twitch Channel.
← Week 48/2021 slot games releases Poker Stories Podcast: World Series Of Poker Player Of The Year Josh Arieh →


text:
Ma Belle, My Beauty
Home » Archive » Ma Belle, My Beauty
Ma Belle, My Beauty2021-09-022021-09-02https://secureservercdn.net/50.62.198.97/p0v.904.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/headonlylogo.pngA Movie Guyhttps://secureservercdn.net/50.62.198.97/p0v.904.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ma-belle-my-beauty-poster.jpeg?time=1642617609200px200px
MOVIE: MA BELLE, MY BEAUTY
STARRING: IDELLA JOHNSON, HANNAH PEPPER, LUCIEN GUIGNARD, SIVAN NOAM SHIMON
DIRECTED BY: MARION HILL
AMovieGuy.com's RATING: 3 ½ STARS (Out of 4)
The existence of pleasure that surrounds the characters in Ma Belle, My Beauty, living in the South of France, is constant. Not always in a sexual way, although there is that, but often in every inch of the frame, with beautiful people, delicious meals at a table, gorgeous sunsets, and images that spark the senses. It's the inside of the characters that is not always happy and that is where the conflict of life is, isn't it? In writer/director Marion Hill's new film, the plot is about a couple, living in a beautiful French country home, and the impact on their lives when their past polyamorous relationship is rekindled with the arrival of their past lover. Old flames are sparked, the conflicts of love are discussed, but the happiness, and the pleasure still remains. The difficult part is navigating these feelings and Ma Belle, My Beauty projects a relationship drama with gentle care and raw emotion. This is an exceptional film and experiencing it all is a great pleasure.
The major focus is more on the relationship of Bertie (Idella Johnson) and Lane (Hannah Pepper), which ended abruptly, and when both parties went their separate ways to figure themselves out, a reconnection was never made. Now, Bertie and Fred (Lucien Guignard) are married, they perform with their jazz band at local restaurants, she sings, he plays guitar, and the people in town love them. But there's still something missing. A spark, a flame, an emptiness in Bertie that Fred needs, which is why he calls Lane to reconnect. What follows is a long weekend between the three parties and as each minute passes, with various moments of awkward pauses, there's the looming reality that these lovers still have feelings for one another. The journey of Ma Belle, Ma Beauty is like a fly on the wall of this complex and romantic relationship.
What rises to the top in a film like this is the writing, and for director Marion Hill her approach to these characters is not tiptoeing or cloying, but authentic. Every conversation has a background, a history of love that has impacted these people up to the moment. It's also difficult to claim which performance of the two leads is best. Idella Johnson brings Bertie to life through a waving back and forth of quiet reservation and engaging in the joy of life. Hannah Pepper has a mysterious side, which is perfect for her role as Lane, but her character backstory is shelved to a frustrating point, and then revealed more in her pursuit of another woman at a party- Noa (Sivan Noam Shimon). It's Lane's pursuit of Noa in the face of Bertie, and the marriage of Bertie to Fred that reveals the complexities of these characters, where their love for one another is greater than their jealousy. It's fascinating to experience and keeps the narrative thrilling.
Another factor of Ma Belle, My Beauty that amazed me was how energetic it felt from beginning to end. This is a narrative that involves conversations at tables, in the kitchen, long walks and talks in a Before Sunrise style, party montages with beautiful jazz music, and passionate scenes of lovemaking. To make a movie with those standard beats takes skill and an understanding of people, which clearly confirms that Marian Hill knows exactly how to make a romantic drama.
Ma Belle, My Beauty is one of the most pleasant surprises of 2021. The few negative beats involve an odd song choice for the closing scene and deeper details for the characters that feel omitted. Outside of that, I found this to be a beautiful expression of friendship, love, and how it can complicate our relationships. It's also an impressive and genuine projection of polyamorous and same-sex relationships that cinema deserves so many more of today. Above it all, Marian Hill has made a beautiful film with Ma Belle, My Beauty and the pleasure of the experience was all mine.
MA BELLE, MY BEAUTY IS PLAYING IN SELECT THEATERS THIS FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 3RD AND AT THE GENE SISKEL FILM CENTER
3 ½ STARS
3.5 (out of 4), HANNAH PEPPER, IDELLA JOHNSON, LUCIEN GUIGNARD, MARION HILL, SIVAN NOAM SHIMON
The GatewayReviews
Zone 414Reviews


Portfolio Categories: Furniture und Recent Acquisitions.
Eleganter Louis XV/Transition-Schrägklappensekretär, Frankreich, Mitte 18. Jh.
A Transition period bureau featuring a tulipwood herringbone parquetry on an oak carcase. The bureau is in two parts, the upper part consisting of a fall-front writing desk with an interior fitted with pigeon holes, seven drawers and a red leather lined writing surface. When open, the hinged flap rests on wooden supports that pullout / pull-out, so called 'lopers'. The lower part consists of two long drawers, its apron with a foliate gilt bronze mount supported on cabriole legs. Veneered on all four sides and could be placed centrally if required.
CONDITION: Sehr gut. Minimale Gebrauchs- und Altersspuren / Very good. Minor wear consistent of age and use.


worse than we thought – plants flowering!
Scientific models are failing to accurately predict the impact of global warming on plants, says a new report. Researchers found in long-term studies that some are flowering up to eight times faster than models anticipate.
The authors say that poor study design and a lack of investment in experiments partly account for the difference.
"If a whole plant community starts growing a week earlier than we expect according to these experiments, it's going to take up a lot more water over the growing season and if you add to that many years of the model projections, you are going to see big changes in the water supply," said Dr Elizabeth Wolkovich, who is now at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver.
stop the krill from being …..


text:
struct LoadEntity_t
{
	entity_t *pEntity;
	int nID;
	int nBaseFlags;
	int nBaseContents;
};

class CMapError
{
public:

	void BrushState( int brushID )
	{
		m_brushID = brushID;
	}

	void BrushSide( int side )
	{
		m_sideIndex = side;
	}

	void TextureState( const char *pTextureName )
	{
		Q_strncpy( m_textureName, pTextureName, sizeof( m_textureName ) );
	}

	void ClearState( void )
	{
		BrushState( 0 );
		BrushSide( 0 );
		TextureState( "Not a Parse error!" );
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Purpose: Hook the map parse errors and report brush/ent/texture state
	// Input  : *pErrorString -
	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	void ReportError( const char *pErrorString )
	{
		Error( "Brush %i: %s\nSide %i\nTexture: %s\n", m_brushID, pErrorString, m_sideIndex, m_textureName );
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Purpose: Hook the map parse errors and report brush/ent/texture state without exiting.
	// Input  : pWarningString -
	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	void ReportWarning( const char *pWarningString )
	{
		printf( "Brush %i, Side %i: %s\n", m_brushID, m_sideIndex, pWarningString );
	}

private:

	int		m_brushID;
	int		m_sideIndex;
	char	m_textureName[80];
};

extern CMapError g_MapError;
extern int g_nMapFileVersion;

// Shared mapload code.
ChunkFileResult_t LoadEntityKeyCallback( const char *szKey, const char *szValue, LoadEntity_t *pLoadEntity );

// Used by VRAD incremental lighting - only load ents from the file and
// fill in the global entities/num_entities array.
bool LoadEntsFromMapFile( char const *pFilename );

#endif // MAP_SHARED_H

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Multiple Targets Sharing Files I have an iOS application (Single View Application) which I created back in 2012. Now, I want to add "Todays Extension" target to the solution. I have added Todays Extension as a separate target. The problem I am facing is that I cannot use any of the files that I added in my original project.
Even if I import the headers I still cannot instantiate classes which belonged to my original project. How can I share classes between the two targets.
MAIN ISSUE:
The main issue is that I create a SQLITE database in the default target. The database is stored in the Documents directory of the main app. The problem is that the Todays Extension cannot access that directory and even if I save the path in the NSUserDefaults it still cannot access it.

A: You have to check in your inspector the file to share it with your Today extension target.

Select your .m file, and in the right col (the inspector) you can check the "Target Membership" of the file. Simply add it to your extension too.
(In the picture above, Weather Live - Suisse is a today extension and the other target regulare apps).

A: As per Zubair's links below:

*

*Create an Application Group (for example group.com.yourcompany.app) and assign it to both your App and your Widget

*When opening your document, to get the NSURL for it, use for example:
NSURL *storeURL ;

storeURL= [[[NSFileManager defaultManager]
            containerURLForSecurityApplicationGroupIdentifier:@"group.com.yourcompany.app"]
           URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"yourdatabase.sqlite"];

It is not strictly necessary to use a common framework, but it avoids code duplication.

A: *

*You have to create an embedded framework to share code between your app extension and its containing app.

*To enable data sharing, use Xcode or the Developer portal to enable app groups for the containing app and its contained app extensions.
Here are apple Documentation Links
Adding App group
Handling Common Scenarios in App & extentions
that discribes everything you need.


Atlas Claims Information — Atlas Van Lines (Canada) Ltd.
Are you an employee of the Federal Government (DND, CRS or RCMP)?
Was the Origin or Destination Address in the United States?
If you are claiming MORE THAN 40 ITEMS, you must download the appropriate Statement of Claim form below and mail/fax it with all supporting documents.
Adobe Acrobat Reader is required to view and print the Claim Forms.


text:
By Alice Bell • 23 May 2018 • Posted in Guides • Tagged in: State of Decay 2, guide, beginners guide
State of Decay 2 beginner's tips
Get ahead with the undead
If you've played State of Decay then you've probably got a good handle on what to expect from State of Decay 2, but if it's been a while or you're new to the series here are some top tips that will help make the game easier as you start out.
Treat your survivors like a Pokémon team
Remember when you were a kid and you played Pokémon Red for the first time, and instead of levelling your team equally you just concentrated on getting a wicked hench Charizard? But as soon as you came up against water trainer Misty she totalled your Charizard and then your whole team? That can happen in State of Decay 2.
In State of Decay 2 your survivors level up with an almost RPG-like progression system, where the more they do things the better they get at doing them. At the beginning you'll definitely have one or two members of your team who are a bit more capable -- they'll be better at fighting or shooting and have good cardio. It's tempting to just swap between the most robust survivors you have because they feel the safest out in the big, bad, zombie-filled world, but this is a path to disaster. In the early stages of the game, while there are relatively few zombies and you can scavenge close to home, send out your weaker survivors to build up their skills.This means that your whole team will be more useful to you, and it's less critical to everyone's survival when you do happen to lose anyone. It also makes it easier when pursuing personal goals for your survivors if they're not as soft as a bag of marshmallows.
Rule #1: Cardio
If you don't build up their skills in any other way, at least build up your survivors' cardio by making them run everywhere when they're not in immediate danger. Cardio is both the key to getting away from a fight if you're in danger of being overwhelmed, the determining factor in how many swings you can take, and if you end up being overburdened with supplies you'll be glad of the extra stamina in a pinch.
Get some wheels
You know what stops you being overburdened? Having a car! You can sling a bunch of stuff in the boot of a car, including supply bags (of which a survivor can only carry one). They're also essential for when you start making supply runs further out of town. While you may be tempted to get a flashy sports car, it's better to find something more practical and larger instead. They have more inventory slots and can take more damage from splattering zombies, and many of them have better fuel consumption. Speed doesn't matter that much when you only need to go faster than a zombie.
Search even if you can't loot
There will be occasions when you've filled your boots and can carry no more, but you've still got a few buildings near you that you haven't cleared and searched. If there aren't any infestations or hordes around it's useful to search all the containers anyway, because then the map will tell you which resources are left in that location when you highlight it. This is much more useful when planning future supply runs than a question mark, and will save you time looting when you go back.
Think carefully about your outposts
Outposts supplement your home base. By establishing an outpost you can use it to switch your active survivor, get access to your storage locker, and get a steady source of supplies to send to your home base (depending on the type of outpost. Things like restaurants and fruit stands send food, clinics and vets send meds, unfinished houses send building supplies, and so on and so forth). To start with you can only sustain one outpost, but upgrading your command centre means you can have more.
Initially it's tempting to build your outposts close to home, because it feels safer, but in the long run it won't help you. Instead, you're going to want to establish an outpost in or near each of the main towns on the map. They'll give you a safe staging area for operations in each area, as well as somewhere close by to get medical supplies, fuel or weapons if you run out at any point.
You should also think about what you want to have at your outposts as your needs change. When you're first setting up it's a waste of time to turn a power station or a water tower into an outpost, but later on, when you've got a bigger home base and are setting up a farm, those utilities might be more useful.
It's dangerous to go alone, so take an extra follower
So take a friend! You can have a follower from your home base tag along with you, which is helpful for carrying more stuff if you're on a scavenging mission and for stomping zombie heads if you're not. You can also have a follower join you who's just a random survivor you're helping out in the world on top of the follower you already have This can be really useful -- you can use that second follower to help clear out infestations or take down a Plague Heart before you go and complete the mission they actually want you to do. More meat for the grinder.
Don't bring a gun to a zombie fight
I mean, do, but think carefully about it. You'll get your own style, but for the most part guns are best used when you're taking on a Plague Heart or run into a Feral zombie when you're not expecting it. If you use guns they draw more zombies to you because they're noisy, so unless you're sniping or you're really up against it then take down as many zombies as you can with melee weapons. Bladed ones are great because they're super silent and chop off limbs, but blunt weapons like crowbars are more resilient.
Build a workshop
When you start a community for the first the tutorial will prompt you to build an Infirmary at your home base. This is a solid plan! The infirmary lets you make your own medical consumables like bandages and painkillers, stabilise infection in survivors, and can produce a cure for the blood plague if anyone gets infected. But you should also definitely build a workshop.
With a workshop you can eventually produce makeshift explosives (which are great for destroying plague hearts), but from early on in the game right through to the end you can use it to repair weapons. It can't be understated how useful it is to be able to do that. A broken machete is a useless machete, and a useless machete can't chop zombie heads.
on Xbox One, PC
A sequel to the hit survival horror heading to Xbox One and Windows 10 PC in 2017.
First Released: 01 March 2018


text:
Scar – postać
 SCAR – Komitet Naukowy Badań Antarktycznych (Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research)
 Karabin FN SCAR

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Berend van den Bos (Den Haag, 15 februari 1987) is een Nederlands professioneel bridger.

Van den Bos vormt sinds 2010 een partnership met Joris van Lankveld. Zij komen sinds 2014 uit voor bridgeclub 't Onstein.

Sinds 2019 is Van den Bos coach van de Nederlandse Aspiranten (onder 21 jaar). In 2022 werd Van den Bos kampioen op het Open EK en kampioen van Nederland in de Meesterklasse viertallen.

Ranking

Nederlands bridgespeler


text:
Free Picks » MLB Picks » Chicago Cubs at Cincinnati Reds Free MLB Picks & Odds 10-1-2015
Chicago Cubs at Cincinnati Reds Free MLB Picks & Odds 10-1-2015
by Guy Bruhn - 9/30/2015
Great American Ball Park
Probable Pitchers: Jason Hammel (9-7) vs. John Lamb (1-4)
The Chicago Cubs visit Great American Ball Park on Thursday to play the Cincinnati Reds. The Cubs send Jason Hammel to the mound to face John Lamb of the Reds. The opening line for this matchup has Chicago at -139 and Cincinnati at +129. The over/under was set at 8. The Cubs, with a 77-80 run line record, cover the spread 49% of the time. They also have a 69-79 over/under record. The Reds are 78-78 against the run line and have a 80-71 over/under record. They cover the spread 50% of the time.
The Cubs show up with a 92-65 record, including 43-33 on the road. Jason Hammel has an earned run average of 3.86 and is 9-7 so far on the season while having a 1.16 WHIP. The Cubs are 14-16 over his 165.2 innings pitched and he's also given up 153 hits over that time period. Their record against the over/under when he starts is 15-15. He is getting 4.2 runs from the team when he takes the mound. The bullpen has given up 439 hits on the season and have an earned run average of 3.42. Teams are hitting .231 against the bullpen while being struck out 496 times and walking 179 times this season. As a team, Chicago has allowed 7.95 hits per nine innings while striking out 8.79 batters per nine. They are 3rd in the league in team earned run average at 3.44.
As a team, Chicago is batting .243, good for 30th in the league while putting together a .250 average away from home. The Cubs on-base percentage sits at .320, which puts them at 14th in the league and they have a team slugging percentage of .397. They rank 29th in baseball with 8.23 hits per game and Anthony Rizzo leads the team with 156.
Cincinnati is 34-45 at home while holding a 63-94 overall record on the season. John Lamb is starting this game 1-4 for the season with an earned run average of 5.40 and a WHIP of 1.53. The Reds have a record of 2-7 over the 45 innings he's pitched during which he's given up 53 hits. Their record against the over/under when he starts is 6-3. He is getting 4.2 runs from the team when he takes the mound. The bullpen has given up 490 hits on the season and have a team earned run average of 3.97. Teams are hitting .240 against the Reds bullpen while being struck out 475 times and walking 223 times this season. As a team, Cincinnati has allowed 8.88 hits per nine innings while striking out 7.64 batters per nine. They are 24th in the league in team earned run average at 4.32.
As a team, they are batting .249, good for 21st in the league while putting together a .256 average at home. The Reds on-base percentage sits at .314, which puts them at 18th in the league and they have a team slugging percentage of .397. They rank 17th in baseball with 8.56 hits per game and Joey Votto leads the team with 167.
In terms of team defense, the Cubs have a fielding percentage of .982 with 107 total errors, 1,613 assists and 4,249 put outs. For the home team, they hold a .985 team fielding percentage while committing 89 errors, accumulating 1,581 assists and compiling 4,221 put outs.
Cincinnati Reds Betting Trends
The Cincinnati Reds are 80-71 against the over/under so far this season
The Cincinnati Reds are 78-78 against the run line so far this season
08/25/15 P Jason Motte Shoulder Injury is on the 15 day disabled list (8/24)
09/30/15 1B Joey Votto Rest expected to miss Wednesday vs. Chicago Cubs
09/30/15 3B Todd Frazier Achilles is upgraded to probable Wednesday vs. Chicago Cubs
09/22/15 CF Billy Hamilton Shoulder out for season
09/22/15 CF Ryan LaMarre Hamstring out for season
09/12/15 2B Kristopher Negron Shoulder Injury is on the 60 day disabled list; out for season
06/17/15 P Jon Moscot Shoulder Injury is on the 60 day disabled list (6/16)
06/11/15 SS Zack Cozart Knee Injury is on the 60 day disabled list (6/11); out for season
05/25/15 C Devin Mesoraco Hip Injury is on the 60 day disabled list (5/23), out for season
04/28/15 P Homer Bailey Elbow Injury is on the 60 day disabled list (4/26); out for season
04/04/15 P Sean Marshall Shoulder Injury is on the 60 day disabled list (4/5)
Guy's Pick: Take the Reds


text:
Setting Priorities
May 5, 2016 / 3025 views
While it appears unenthused about taking the simple steps needed to create a sovereign investment fund, the government has been more than happy to burn through foreign aid and rack up debt with little or nothing to show for it.
By: Khalid W. Wazani
HM King Abdullah recently called for the establishment of a sovereign investment fund to help boost Jordan's ailing economy. But until now, not a single legislative step has been made to establish such an important economic mechanism. The question is what is so difficult about preparing and issuing such a straightforward law? It would need no more than 10 articles. The first three would be for definition and legal foundation purposes, the second two articles for the administrative structure, including its board of directors and higher management structure and responsibilities. Articles six and seven would outline the fund's resources and financial book keeping. Article nine would be left to design the overall strategy of the fund uses of money, and should directly refer to the bylaws that the board of directors will issue to articulate the administrative and investment foundations of the fund. Finally, article 10 would be the formal template that says who's responsible for applying the law.
The exercise of issuing this law, including consultation with stakeholders, and endorsement, shouldn't take more than a couple of months. I can't stop thinking of the fact that this government was motivated enough to amend the constitution twice and in record time, but failed to put in place a relatively straightforward piece of legislation that's greatly needed to help boost living standards for Jordanians.
Given this, we might be right to query what, if any, real economic achievements the government has made of late? As per the recent report by the IMF and other official sources, the table above lays it all out in black and white. The only achievement came on the budget deficit, thanks to citizens' contribution to subsidies lifting and shouldering heavy taxes.
The culmination of running the country over more than three years shows that a government which received the biggest amount of foreign grants and assistance in the history of Jordan, and borrowed more than what Jordan has ever borrowed between 1921 and 2009, ended up with exacerbating the economic situation, as per the above mentioned figures. How all these resources were used without any substantial achievement on the economic front demands an answer from the government. While on the issue of the sovereign investment fund, the opportunity cost represented by the forgone return on the fund and the job creation is far beyond any acceptable excuse any government or expert can justify. The future should be judged on the legacy and the achievements of any government, including this one.
Economy Opinion
Budget budget deficit Debt Economy Government IMF Invest investment fund job creation Jordan Khalid al-Wazani legislation taxes Unemployment
About Khalid W. Wazani
Khalid Wazani is the Strategy and Knowledge Adviser to the Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Knowledge Foundation in Dubai. Contact him on: khalid.wazani@mbrf.ae
View all posts by Khalid W. Wazani →
Campaign to Care for Petra Raises Awareness
Venture at 10: Sabih al-Masri


text:
Montague Rhodes James was born at Goodnestone Parsonage, Kent, England on 1 August 1862, the son of an Anglican clergyman. In 1876, he became a scholar at Eton and, in 1882, went up to King's College, Cambridge where he became a fellow in 1887. In 1905, he became Provost of King's, a post he left in 1918 to become Provost of Eton where he remained until his death on 12 June 1939
Although he was a renowned medieval scholar, it is for his ghost stories that James will be best remembered. Following an English tradition, the tales were first penned as Christmas Eve entertainments read by James himself to gatherings of friends. James' ghost stories were published in a series of collections: Ghost Stories of an Antiquary (1904), More Ghost Stories of an Antiquary (1911), A Thin Ghost and Others (1919), and A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories (1925).
His work, influenced by the writing of his predecessor, J. Sheridan Le Fanu, perfects the key elements of the modern ghost story, using implication and suggestion to describe supernatural events, leaving space for the reader's imagination.


The rate of cybersecurity attacks is increasing, and perpetrators keep getting more sophisticated and organized. Cyberattacks represent a significant financial and environmental risk for oil and gas operations. An attack could disrupt or shut down operations, steal information, affect production schedules, increase operational costs, or cause legal liability and company reputation issues.
Cyberattacks have evolved over the last decade from being mostly harmless to sophisticated and devastating advanced persistent threats (APT). APTs have the capabilities to stop business operations and cause physical damage to drilling rigs or production platforms, either by targeting specific equipment or by a more wide spread attack targeting multiple equipment and machinery.
Cyberattacks are increasingly targeting the energy sector, although most of these attacks are against utility sites. In the year 2013, 53 percent of all attacks on critical infrastructure in the United States targeted the energy industry, and 30 percent of the cyberattacks succeeded in getting through the security system in place according to the U.S. government´s Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team (ICS CERT). This number was reduced to 32 percent for the year 2014. However, of the reported cyber incidents in 2014, 55 percent were APTs. This means that although there were less attack attempts in 2014, they were more advanced and sophisticated than in 2013.
The challenge is that most control systems used on oil rigs and platforms rely on outdated security models and invalid assumptions, namely the air gap. At the same time, the frequency and sophistication of cyber attacks against ICS are increasing. These sophisticated attacks are difficult to detect and they operate covertly. They typically start with seemingly benign activities that do not trigger any warning, such as with the Stuxnet and Aurora attacks.
Only recently has it been disclosed that in 2008 hackers blew up a Turkish oil pipeline. In the control room, the operator's console showed that everything was running as planned before a phone call from the field triggered the alarm. The attackers also manipulated the surveillance system. Additionally, in 2014, there was a successful malicious cyber attack on a steelworks in Germany affecting the facility's operations.
This is similar to what was done in the Stuxnet attack in 2010, which targeted programmable logic controllers (PLCs) commonly used in ICSs on drilling rigs and production platforms. The operator consoles showed normal operations for the centrifuges of the Iranian Natanz nuclear facility, but they were running at such high speeds they were destroyed. Furthermore, Stuxnet resided in the attacked control system for a number of years before the cyber attack took effect.
Stuxnet was a carefully crafted and successful APT attack. These types of attacks have a specific target in mind and include a high level of coordinated human involvement for monitoring. Attackers use one or more command-and-control centers to run the attack.
The "persistent" part of an APT refers to the capability of the attack to remain invisible to the target for a long period of time so the attackers can complete their mission and get out of the attacked system undetected. APTs use deep system, attack and attacker knowledge to ensure they operate covertly. An APT will be removed if it is discovered, and it might also be programmed to destroy itself upon detection. This means that the cyber attack leaves little to no footprint on the attacked system.
The APT process includes three dominant phases that may take place over a period of several months or even years. In the first phase, the attacker performs reconnaissance, identifies vulnerabilities, launches the attack and infects target hosts. In the second phase, the attacker controls infected hosts, updates the malware, spreads the malware to other hosts (computers) and collects data. In the third phase, the attacker has taken control of one or more hosts within the target network. The perpetrator may establish access credentials to expand the reach of the attack. In cases of exfiltration, the attacker sends the data out of the attacked host or network through a command-and-control server. At this point, the consequences of the attack start to become visible. Depending on the attack's goal, intelligent property (IP) and sensitive information could be publicly disclosed or equipment could be sabotaged.
APTs are methodical, adaptive and efficient in covering their tracks while carefully penetrating the network. They sometimes cease the attack or stay "under the radar" for days to avoid raising suspicion. They work hard to gain knowledge of the system and often take advantage of zero-day vulnerabilities in the underlying operating system that cannot be defined through patterns or signatures. This adaptive behavior is what makes APTs hard to detect.
Standard antivirus systems cannot detect these attacks, and perimeter defenses such as firewalls—even the most sophisticated ones—can only protect the entry points into the control systems. This does not mean that firewalls don't have a role in cybersecurity protection of ICSs, just that they are not able to protect the control system itself once the cyberattack is inside or in cases where the attack is executed from the inside, such as with most APTs. What is needed is targeted monitoring of both the network and hosts of a control system. Monitoring and detection systems that use a meticulous surveillance strategy focused on tracking the footprints of cyberattacks based on system, attacker and attack intelligence are the most effective protection. Such systems should also be non-intrusive to avoid putting additional stress on the ICS and should not require frequent updates to work efficiently. Antivirus software requires frequent updates to remain effective. In any case, antivirus software will only be able to detect known attacks at the time of the last update. An ICS relies on determinism and should not be changed or updated unless necessary for the operation of the ICS.
For example, to detect Stuxnet, the system needs to be able to recognize and understand the activities occurring in each of the various phases of the attack and respond appropriately. The first ability to detect an APT is to identify its point of entry into the ICS. This could be either from an USB, from an engineering laptop or remote connection. The APT will always have to enter the ICS. A firewall will help prevent the APT from entering the ICS, but once the APTs is inside, firewalls are no longer effective. A sophisticated attack will hide itself in permitted traffic through the firewall.
Once the APT in inside the ICS, it will search for vulnerable machines and zero-day vulnerabilities, which are vulnerabilities that are not known at the point of the attack. Once the APT finds a suitable vulnerability, it might communicate back to a command-and-control center to request updates so that it can launch an effective covert attacks. This traffic is hard to detect, but by correlating analysis traffic data from the controls network with analysis of activities and behavior of the hosts in the ICS combined with system, attacker and attack intelligence, it is possible to detect the movement of the APT.
Once an APT has been detected, it is important to identify the goal of the APT to start working on the defense strategy, including whether to remove, respond or leave the APT alone for the moment. The defense strategy will depend on the situation on the rig or platform and the state of the associated processes. This evaluation will need to take health, safety and environmental (HSE) consequences into consideration, as well as cybersecurity and financial considerations. Another defense strategy is to isolate the APT and by that disarm it. Doing a control shutdown might also be an alternative, depending on the goal of the APT.
APTs represent a serious threat to drilling rigs and production platforms and should be taken seriously. These cyberattacks might lead to consequences that go beyond delays, annoyance and costs. It is therefore essential to develop a robust protection regime against APTs. Since every APT is different, traditional cyber protection solutions are not sufficient. Users need to deploy protection solutions based on both network and host monitoring inside of the ICS, combined with detection algorithms that are as adaptive as APTs and that are based on system, attacker and attack intelligence. This is in addition to traditional end-point protection and perimeter protection such as firewalls.
Dr. Siv Hilde Houmb is the CTO of Secure-NOK AS, and works as an associate professor at the Norwegian National Cybersecurity Laboratory, part of the Norwegian Center for Cyber and Information Security (CCIS) at Gjøvik University College, Norway.


text:
Scrapbooks (284)
Sketchbooks (193)
Business records (130)
Painters (388)
Sculptors (135)
Artists' studios (89)
Mural painting and decoration (63)
Critics (60)
Printmakers (58)
Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.) (37)
Whitney Museum of American Art (26)
Art Students League (New York, N.Y.) (25)
Calder, Alexander (24)
Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.) (23)
Motherwell, Robert (22)
Cooper-Hewitt Design Archive (21)
Picasso, Pablo (19)
Davis, Stuart (18)
Evergood, Philip (18)
Guston, Philip (18)
Frankenthaler, Helen (17)
Soyer, Raphael (17)
De Kooning, Willem, 1904- (16)
Johnson, Ray, 1927- (16)
Kuniyoshi, Yasuo (16)
Lipchitz, Jacques (16)
United States. Works Progress Administration (16)
Henri, Robert (15)
Nevelson, Louise (15)
Rothko, Mark (15)
Stieglitz, Alfred (15)
Albers, Josef (14)
Gottlieb, Adolph (14)
Greenberg, Clement (14)
National Portrait Gallery, Office of Exhibitions (14)
Sargent, John Singer (14)
Latin Americans (6)
New York (N.Y.) (20)
Query: Art -- New York (State) -- New York
1816 records — Page 69 of 182
Karshan, Donald H.
AAA.karsdona
The Donald H. Karshan papers relating to Alexander Achipenko measure 1.8 linear feet and date from 1920 to 1973, (bulk dates 1966-1970). Karshan, a print expert and collector, served as Curator of the Archipenko Collection and Director of the Archipenko Archive from circa 1966 until circa 1973. Exhibition files include records concerning University of California, Los Angeles's Alexander Archipenko Memorial Exhibition, 1967-1969, that traveled throughout the United States; an expanded version of the show was circulated in Europe by the Smithsonian Institution. The collection also contains general correspondence relating to the administration of the Archipenko Collection and Archipenko Archive, Leopold Survage, and writings on Archipenko's work and life by Karshan with related correspondence.
Stanton Macdonald-Wright papers
Macdonald-Wright, Stanton, 1890-1973
AAA.macdstan
The papers of Southern California painter Stanton Macdonald-Wright measure 3.2 linear feet and date from 1907 to 1973. The collection contains correspondence with family, friends, and artists, including Morgan Russell, and his wife Suzanne Binon, Michel and Suzanne Seuplor, Ann and John Summerfield, and Bethany Wilson. Also found are writings, six diaries, travel journals, printed materials, and artwork.
Esther Baldwin Williams and Esther Williams papers
Williams, Esther Baldwin, 1867-1964
AAA.willesth
The papers of Boston area painters Esther Baldwin Williams and daughter Esther Williams measure 2.1 linear feet and date from 1887 to 1984. The scattered papers of both women include biographical information, personal business records, correspondence, writings and notes, two diaries, four sketchbooks, printed materials, photographs, and one photograph album.
Beverly Buchanan papers
Buchanan, Beverly, 1940-
bulk 1970s-1990s
AAA.buchbeve
The papers of African American sculptor, painter, and land artist Beverly Buchanan measure 18.3 linear feet and 1.07 gigabytes, and date from 1912 to 2017 with the bulk of the material dating from the 1970s to the 1990s. The collection contains biographical material including address books, calendars, awards and education certificates, identification documents, family history research material, and a recorded interview with Marcia Yerman for Women in Art; correspondence with friends and colleagues including Lucy Lippard and Lowery Stokes Sims, and with galleries and museums such as Bernice Steinbaum Gallery/Steinbaum Krauss Gallery, the Georgia Museum of Art, and the High Museum of Art. Also included are writings such as artist's statements, journals and notebooks, notes, and writings by others about Beverly Buchanan; exhibition and project files including audiovisual documentation from Bernice Steinbaum Gallery and Steinbaum Krauss Gallery of various exhibitions; material related to professional activities including teaching files and grant and fellowship applications; personal business records such as sales and consignment records; printed material including clippings, exhibition and event announcements and catalogs, magazines, posters, a video recording of A World of Art profile, and other published material; and scrapbooks, including one documenting Buchanan's City Walls series, containing primarily photographs and artwork with some printed material. The collection also contains photographic material including photographs, snapshots, negatives, and photograph albums; and artwork including sketchbooks, drawings, folded cardboard artwork, and illustrated cards.
Caroline R. Jones Papers
Jones, Caroline Robinson, 1942-2001 (advertising executive)
15 Sound tape reels
4 motion picture films
54 Cubic feet (127 boxes; one oversize folder)
70 cassette tapes
Caroline R. Jones (1942-2001), an African-American advertising executive, worked for a number of prominent New York ad agencies and and founded her own firm in 1986. She is best known for her work in assisting clients in marketing to minority consumers. The collection includes client files, print advertisements, and radio and television commercials created for a wide range of commercial and public service campaigns.
Norcross Greeting Card Collection
Norcross, Arthur Dickinson, d. 1968
Tuck, Raphael, fl. 1880s
Norcross Greeting Card Company (New York (N.Y.))
Rust Craft Publishers (Boston, Mass.)
202 Cubic feet (179 boxes, 362 volumes)
Collections consists of the records of both the Norcross Greeting Card Company founded in New York City in the 1920s and The Rust Craft Greeting Card Company, founded in Kansas City, Missouri, 1906. Both the Norcross and Rust Craft companies collected antique greeting cards. Also includes a small number of modern cards by other manufacturers, circa 1930-1980. Collection represents development of the greeting card industry, social trends in the United States and technology of the printing industry from 1924 through 1978.
Holly Solomon Gallery records
Holly Solomon Gallery
AAA.hollsolg
The records of Holly Solomon Gallery, a New York City gallery specializing in contemporary American art, measure 200.6 linear feet and date from circa 1948-2003. The gallery's activities are documented through dealer files, subject files, artists' files, inventories, sales and loan records, administrative and financial records, printed materials, photographic materials of artwork and exhibitions, sound, video, and film recordings, and scattered electronic records. Also found are records of the alternative space, 98 Greene Street Loft, as well as Holly Solomon's personal papers.
Barbara Jarocki collection
Barbara Jarocki
65 photographs (color, 4 x 6 inches)
1 postcard (color)
2 photographs (color, 5 x 7 inches)
EEPA.2016-003
Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art
The collection consists of one postcard and 67 photographs documenting the installation for and art objects in the exhibition "African Art from Nigeria and the Ivory Coast" (April 6-25, 1983), held at the Sarah Lawrence College Art Galley, and curated by Barbara Jarocki. The postcard is an invitation to the opening reception.
Ed Clark papers
Clark, Edward, 1926-
AAA.clarked
The papers of African American abstract expressionist painter Ed Clark measure 8.9 linear feet and date from 1923 to 2017. The collection documents Clark's work as a professional artist through biographical material; correspondence with family, galleries, and friends, most notably Cinque Gallery, Herbert Gentry, Bill Hutson, and Ted Joans; writings, including documentation for the book Edward Clark: For the Sake of the Search; personal business records, including consignment and sales records; and material related to professional activities, including files on significant exhibitions and projects, gallery files, and teaching records. Also in the collection are exhibition announcements, catalogs, news clippings, and other printed material documenting Clark's work; photographic material depicting Ed Clark, his artwork, and other individuals; and a small amount of original artwork by Clark and others.
Herbert Waide Hemphill papers
Hemphill, Herbert Waide
AAA.hempherb
The papers of folk art collector and museum curator Herbert Waide Hemphill date from 1776-1998, bulk 1876-1998, and measure 26.7 linear feet. Found within the papers are biographical materials, personal business records, files documenting his collecting, writings, art work, minutes of meetings, a scrapbook, printed material including exhibition and auction announcements and catalogs, and miscellaneous artifacts. The collection also contains numerous photographs of Hemphill, family members, his residences, friends and colleagues, exhibitions, travel, and art work. Sound and video recordings include interviews of Hemphill.


text:
I.2. World Economy and the EU: Myths and Facts
Our basic position is that the attacks on the working class are rooted in the capitalist's desire to increase their profits in a period characterized by the decline of capitalism. Contrary to the illusions spread by various left-reformists and centrists, these attacks are not the result of specific national forms of domination of the imperialist bourgeoisie. Or, in other words, irrespective of membership in the European Union, all capitalist classes are forced to attack their working class precisely because of the decline of their system. This being the case, it is a merely a social-imperialist deflection of the proletariat by the petty-bourgeois anti-EU left to spread the myth that the EU is responsible for Europe's economic stagnation and that Britain – or any other imperialist country – would fare better outside this imperialist federation.
Let us first look at the development of wealth and compare Switzerland, a very rich imperialist country which has never been a member of the EU, with other Western imperialist countries. In Table 1 we see that in the period from 1950 to 1973 Switzerland managed to double its Gross Domestic Product per capita. Other Western European countries grew even faster including Germany, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands which were all members of the European Union (in fact the EEC, its predecessor organization) from the founding of the federation. Britain, which did not join the EU before 1973, grew less rapidly during this period. However from 1973 until 2008, Britain, now a member of the EU, more than doubled its GDP per head, while other EU members and the US experienced slightly slower growth. However, Switzerland's per capita GDP grew much more slowly during this period – by only 37.9% in fact. In sum, we see from these figures that there is no empirical evidence that imperialist states prosper better when they are not a member of the EU.
Table 1: Western GDP per capita in international comparison 1950 to 2008 [1]
GDP per capita in 1990 Geary-Khamis dollars
UK USA France Germany Belgium Netherlands Denmark Switzerland
1973 12025 16689 12824 11966 12170 13081 13945 18204
In Table 2 we examine the development of industrial production and compare the old EU (the so-called EU-15) with other imperialist countries, the US and Japan. [2] As we see, over the course of five decades there has been a general downward trend of industrial growth in these capitalist countries, one which is not confined to the EU but which is rather a global feature of capitalism. [3]
Table 2: Growth Rate of Industrial Production in the Imperialist States (Percent per annum) [4]
Growth rate of industrial production (percent per annum)
USA Japan EU-15
1961-1970 +4.9% +13.5% +5.2%
1971-1980 +3.0% +4.1% +2.3%
2001-2010 -0.2% -0.4% -0.3%
We get a similar picture if we examine the rate of capital accumulation during these same five decades (see Table 3). Again, we note a general downward trend and not one limited to the EU.
Table 3: Capital Accumulation in the Imperialist States (Percent per annum) [5]
Gross fixed capital formation at 2010 prices; total economy (percent per annum)
1991-2000 +5.4% -0.6% +1.8%
2001-2010 -0.4% -1.9% +0.4%
Another myth spread by the petty-bourgeois anti-EU left is that the European Union would be a qualitatively more vicious, pro-austerity enemy of the working class than imperialist nation-states. In fact, the capitalists' offensive against the workers has as its source the historically declining rate of profit and the general crisis of their system (see below), not by any specific form of political organization of the imperialists (like the EU). To illustrate this, let us examine the relative decline in the percent which wages constitute in the overall expenses of corporations (i.e., wage share in Table 4). As we can see, wages have declined in all imperialist regions, not only in the European Union. In Japan, the decline of wage share has been even more dramatic than in the EU.
Table 4: Adjusted Wage Share; Total Economy; in Imperialist States [6]
As Percentage of GDP at Current Factor Cost
1960-1970 67.2% 73.8% 69.8%
As Marxists have noted again and again, the fundamental cause for this decline is the historic tendency of the rate of profit to fall. This is because in the long run the share of surplus value – which is the only basis for profit – declines in relation to the total invested capital (both constant and variable). As Marx explained:
"As the process of production and accumulation advances therefore, the mass of available and appropriated surplus-labour, and hence the absolute mass of profit appropriated by the social capital, must grow. Along with the volume, however, the same laws of production and accumulation increase also the value of the constant capital in a mounting progression more rapidly than that of the variable part of capital, invested as it is in living labour. Hence, the same laws produce for the social capital a growing absolute mass of profit, and a falling rate of profit." [7]
Marx characterized the law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall as the most important law of capitalism:
"In every respect, this is the most important law of modern political economy, and the most essential one for comprehending the most complex relationships. It is the most important law from the historical viewpoint. Hitherto, despite its simplicity, it has never been grasped and still less has it been consciously formulated." [8]
In Figure 1 we show that Marx's statement about the historic character of the law of the profit rate to fall has been proven by studies on the rate of profit during the past century and a half. The Argentinean Marxist economist Esteban Ezequiel Maito recently published an interesting study on this subject.
Figure 1: Average Rate of Profit in Imperialist Core Countries (1869-2010) [9]
Michael Roberts, another serious Marxist economist living in Britain, has also verified this tendency in an analysis of the world economy during the past six decades. (See Figure 2)
Figure 2: A world rate of profit (G20 countries), 1950-2012[10]
[1] Christian Stohr: Let's Get This Right: Swiss GDP and Value Added by Industry from 1851 to 2008, September 2014, University of Geneva, WPS 14-09-1 Working Paper Series, p. 39
[2] The so-called EU-15 compromises the old Western European states of which nearly all have an imperialist class character.
[3] See on this e.g. Michael Pröbsting: Imperialism and the Decline of Capitalism (2008), in: Richard Brenner, Michael Pröbsting, Keith Spencer: The Credit Crunch - A Marxist Analysis (2008), http://www.thecommunists.net/theory/imperialism-and-globalization/; Michael Pröbsting: World economy – heading to a new upswing? (2009), in: Fifth International Vol. 3, No. 3, http://www.thecommunists.net/theory/world-economy-crisis-2009/; Michael Pröbsting: The Great Robbery of the South, Vienna 2013, chapter 3, http://www.great-robbery-of-the-south.net/great-robbery-of-south-online/download-chapters-1/chapter3/.
[4] European Commission: Statistical Annex of European Economy Autumn 2006, p.52 respectively, for the years 2001-2010, European Commission: Statistical Annex of European Economy Spring 2015, p.33. Because there are no figures for the EU-15 for the years 1961-70 and 1971-80 in these EU statistics, for these years we have used the arithmetic mean of the figures for Germany, France, Great Britain and Italy.
[5] European Commission: Statistical Annex of European Economy Spring 2015, p.49
[7] Karl Marx: Capital, Vol. III; in: MECW Vol. 37, p. 217
[8] Karl Marx: Grundrisse der Kritik der politischen Ökonomie; in: MECW Vol. 29, p. 133
[9] Esteban Ezequiel Maito: The Historical Transience of Capital. The Downward Trend in the Rate of Profit since XIX Century, Universidad de Buenos Aires 2014, p. 9. The author takes Germany, USA, Netherlands, Japan, United Kingdom and Sweden as core countries.
[10] Michael Roberts: Revisiting a World Rate of Profit, Paper for the 2015 Conference of the Association of Heterodox Economists, Southampton Solent University July 2015, p. 6


Busy manufacturing company is looking for pump assemblers and dis-assemblers to join their team.
· Test and trouble shoots assemblies and/or final systems.
· May complete rework and quality testing on assemblies and/or systems.
· Maintain and replace equipment, tools, and supplies used during for the service of pumps.
· Checks power and hand tools for proper operation.
· Ensure that all Procedures and Instructions are followed during the assembly process.
· Communicate all issues to Leads/Supervisor on a timely manner.


Collection of typical and useful prebuilt allocators using the given components. User code would typically import this module and use its facilities, or import individual heap building blocks and assemble them.
Choosing stackSize is as always a compromise. Too small a size exhausts the stack storage after a few allocations, after which there are no gains over the backup allocator. Too large a size increases the stack consumed by the thread and may end up worse off because it explores cold portions of the stack.
Creates a scalable AllocatorList of Regions, each having at least bytesPerRegion bytes. Allocation is very fast. This allocator does not offer deallocate but does free all regions in its destructor. It is recommended for short-lived batch applications that count on never running out of memory.