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Теорема существования — утверждение, которое устанавливает, при каких условиях существует решение математической задачи или математический объект, например производная, неопределенный интеграл, определенный интеграл, решение уравнения и т. д. При доказательстве теорем существования используются сведения из теории множеств. Теоремы существования играют очень важную роль в различных приложениях математики, например при математическом моделировании различных явлений и процессов. Математическая модель не адекватна конкретному описываемому явлению, из существования решения реальной задачи не следует существование соответствующей математической задачи. Доказательство теорем существования необходимо перед решением различных математических задач, вроде вычисления интеграла или интегрирования дифференциального уравнения. Теоремы существования позволяют определить, существует ли вычисляемый интеграл и сколько решений имеет дифференциальное уравнение. Если удается доказать теорему существования, единственность решения и корректность самой постановки задачи, то это означает очень важный первый шаг в решении задачи.

Примеры
 Необходимое и достаточное условие интегрируемости функции: для того, чтобы интегральная сумма  сходилась к пределу при , требуется, чтобы сумма всех промежутков, в которых колебание больше , для любого  при надлежащем выборе  могла быть сделана как угодно малой.
 Теорема Вейерштрасса об ограниченной возрастающей последовательности.
 Теорема существования трансцендентных чисел, доказываемая из соображений мощности множества.
 Теорема Брауэра о неподвижной точке.
 Теорема существования решения задачи Коши (в частности, Теорема Пеано).
 Китайская теорема об остатках.
 Теоремы о диофантовых приближениях иррациональных чисел (например, Теорема Дирихле о диофантовых приближениях).
 Теорема Дирихле о простых числах в арифметической прогрессии.
 Теорема Пикара (интегральные уравнения).

Конструктивность теорем существования
Для теорем существования часто рассматривается вопрос об их конструктивности или эффективности построений объекта, существование которого доказывается. Теорема, в которой объект строится явно, считается более содержательной, чем так называемая теорема, утверждающая существование какого-либо объекта, но совсем не говорящая о том, каким образом его построить. Теоремы первого типа называются конструктивными теоремами существования, теоремы второго типа — теоремами чистого существования. Конструктивные теоремы существования обычно доказываются сложнее, чем соответствующие теоремы чистого существования, либо их на некотором этапе развития математики может просто не быть.

В интуиционизме теоремы существования формулируются в более слабой формулировке.

Литература
 Л. С. Фрейман Теоремы существования, М., Наука, 1971, 133 c., тир. 22000 экз.
 Л. Д. Кудрявцев Мысли о современной математике и её изучении, М., Наука, 1977, 108 с., тир. 100000 экз.
 Александров П. С., Колмогоров А. Н. Введение в теорию функций действительного переменного.
 Петровский И. Г. Лекции по теории обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений.
 Петровский И. Г. Лекции об уравнениях с частными производными.
 Курант Р., Гильберт Д. Методы математической физики
 Смирнов В. И. Курс высшей математики.
 Фихтенгольц Г. М. Курс дифференциального и интегрального исчисления.

Существования
Математические термины


Salaam Aleikum! Welcome to Egypt. Cairo is an intriguing mix of the modern and ancient. You will meet your group and leader at a welcome meeting at 5 pm tonight, so please make sure you have your next of kin and insurance details handy. Head out for a meal with your new crew and get to know each other over some local fare. For those who arrive early and have free time, there are plenty of things to see and do. Travel along the river by felucca, head out to explore the markets, or, if the hustle and bustle of the city is too much, catch the metro into the oldest part of the city, the Coptic Christian sector. The latter is a haven of peace and quiet, with narrow cobbled streets and beautiful old churches.
Explore the amazing Pyramids of Giza which have stood tall for 4500 years. Afterwards, make your way to the Egyptian Museum, home to one of the world's great collections of antiquities. Wander the treasure-filled halls of the museum, and be sure to check out the Mummies Hall (optional) for a close encounter with some of the country's most important queens and pharaohs. You'll have plenty of time to explore the sites today. In the evening you will board an overnight train to the southern city of Aswan (approximately 13 hours).
Climb aboard a felucca (traditional wooden boat with a broad canvas sail) with your family and spend a day on the Nile River and an evening under the stars. Watch the sun set across the river and relax, watching life along the water. While there's no cabin or enclosed section on the felucca, a canopy offers shade and protection from the elements. Conditions are basic, but there is a clean toilet on board and the crew will prepare all your meals. and you will sleep outside, on a mattress on the deck. While blankets are provided, a sleeping sheet is recommended. During the colder months (October to March) it can get very cold at night (as low as 5°C) so a sleeping bag will be included for you on the boat.
Embrace another early morning, cross the Nile and drive to the secluded Valley of the Kings. Sixty-three pharaohs were buried here as part of their journey to the afterlife. In the company of a local guide you will spend a few hours exploring some of the exquisitely decorated tombs. It is here that the burial site of the boy-king, Tutankhamun, was re-discovered by British archaeologist Howard Carter in 1922. If you'd like to organise a visit to King Tut's tomb today, this can be arranged with advance notice – ask your leader for details at the beginning of your trip. On your way back to the river, spend an hour at the funerary temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Egypt's first female ruler. Late this afternoon, board a flight back to Cairo. Check-in to the hotel on arrival, then perhaps freshen up and head out for an optional final dinner with your fellow family travellers.
You family adventure through Egypt comes to an end after breakfast this morning. There are no activities planned for the final day and you are able to depart your accommodation at any time after check-out.
Uncover the ancient mysteries and modern marvels of Egypt and see why this classic destination inspires millions of travellers each year. With an action-packed itinerary that is purpose built for families, this authentic Egypt experience blends all the must-see highlights with plenty of adventurous, off the beaten-track activities. So whether you're cruising the Nile in a felucca, sitting down to dinner with a Nubian family or checking out the mummified crocodiles at the Temple of Kom Ombo, this relaxing, exciting and always enlightening family tour of Egypt is sure to fill the photo album and keep you reminiscing around the dinner table for years to come.
Group size: Min 2, Max 16.


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José Izquierdo Martínez (Arnedo, La Rioja, 3 de agosto de 1980) es un futbolista español que juega como central derecho en el Club Deportivo Esporlas, del grupo Balear de la Tercera División Española.

Biografía
Se formó en la cantera del Club Atlético Osasuna, Tajonar, debutando en el primer equipo en la temporada 2001-2002, consiguiendo ser finalista de la Copa del Rey y obteniendo la clasificación para la Liga de Campeones por primera vez en la historia del club de Navarra.

Al finalizar la temporada 2007-08, tras 108 partidos de liga en primera, abandonó su club de origen tras la finalización del contrato, fichando por el Gimnàstic de Tarragona, en un contrato de un año.
Tras esta época en el club tarraconense llegó al club de su tierra, a la Unión Deportiva Logroñés, de la que formó parte durante dos temporadas.

Desde la temporada 2011-12 forma parte de la plantilla del Club Deportivo Atlético Baleares.

Clubes

Debut en 1ª División: 8 de septiembre de 2001 Villarreal C. F. 3 – Osasuna 0

Enlaces externos
 Ficha de jugador en la web de Osasuna

Nacidos en Arnedo
Futbolistas de La Rioja (España)
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Osasuna "B"
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Osasuna en los años 2000
Futbolistas del Club Deportivo Atlético Baleares

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The 48-year-old media controlling married Turner best artisan Keith Tyson at a abundant accident in Westwell, Oxfordshire. Her empire-waist dress featured an affected V-neck neckline with aerial cap-sleeves and a abounding arduous brim busy with floral appliqués throughout. She styled her beard in apart after-effects and abrupt a allotment aback with a sparkly starburst beard accessory. The benedict backward aciculate in a acceptable atramentous clothing with ablaze dejected tie.
For as simple and attenuate as her dress was, the accession was absolutely not as understated. According to photos from guests in attendance, there were walls and tunnels complete with flowers allegorical guests into the over-the-top bells accession hall, area they danced beneath a awning of flowers.
What do you anticipate of her bells dress? Share your thoughts in the comments below.


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Books Made possible by
Holly Walker, pregnant at parliament. Photo: supplied
'There is nothing normal about crawling up the hallway, screaming and hitting yourself in the head': former Green MP Holly Walker shares her story
Holly Walker | Guest writer
All this week the Spinoff Review of Books is devoted to a candid, sometimes shocking new memoir by ex-Green MP Holly Walker about her experience as a working mother in parliament. Today: an excerpt.
One Friday morning, about three months after my return to work, I held a drop-in clinic for constituents in Petone. Parliament was not sitting. When the clinic was over, I met Dave and Esther, fed her, and took her for a walk around our local park while she slept. It was a beautiful day, and I felt a rare sense of ease and wellbeing, so I took a picture and tweeted it, saying something like "What a perfect Petone day."
A few days later, one of the Green Party's press secretaries rang me up. A press gallery journalist, herself a working mother with young children, had seen my tweet and thoughtfully passed on that, to parents with children in daycare who would like nothing more than to be out walking with them on a sunny Friday afternoon, an MP posting a tweet like this was not a good look. The press secretary gently suggested that I might like to be sensitive to this. I took the feedback meekly, thanking her and agreeing to be more judicious in future. I could see how a mother with her own kids in daycare could look askance at that.
But after hanging up the phone I burst into uncontrollable sobs. And after I had finished crying I became furious. I pulled out my laptop and started typing.
Well thanks. I'll be sure to take that on board. Far be it from me to model the kind of flexible working arrangement that might actually encourage other mothers to see Parliament as a viable choice for them. I certainly wouldn't want to give the impression that politicians ever have any time off. Of course it's beyond comprehension that I could ever take my baby with me to work, whether to the office or with me on community engagements. No one would ever assume, seeing me do something with my kid during the day, that I spend the nights catching up with emails, writing press releases and question bids, reading legislation and select committee documents, planning an election campaign, on conference calls, replying to correspondence, reviewing policy documents and peer-reviewing my colleagues' work, all before I go to bed and wake 3–5 times per night to feed my baby, and then get up in the morning to do it all again. Never mind the fact that my partner has given up his job and worn holes in the soles of his shoes walking our baby to sleep so that I can stay in this job. Or the fact that even if I was 'just' caring for my baby, that that alone is bloody hard work.
I never inflicted this diatribe on anyone else. The press secretary and the journalist meant well, and their advice was sound – perception matters. I channeled my rage onto the page and moved on.
But when I came across these words again recently, I was struck by their honesty and the rawness of the emotion. These, I suspect, are feelings shared by countless mothers in all sorts of jobs (including those parenting full time) frustrated at the perception that caring for young children is not 'real work', or that fitting in downtime with your kids around your other responsibilities is somehow 'slacking off'. That taking a moment to record a happy moment means your mind is not on the job, or that life as a parent is some kind of holiday.
I knew these perceptions existed, and I was sensitive to the idea that people might have them about me. Yet when I returned to work after Esther was born I worked hard to convince myself that it was all in my head. No one was judging me. I knew that I was doing a good job under difficult circumstances, and others would take this into account too. This piece of well-intentioned advice crushed me because it confirmed my worst fears – others were judging me, and they thought I wasn't working hard enough.
How to navigate the impossible expectations we collectively place on working mothers became a strong theme in my reading later on. Of the many books and articles I devoured, looking for answers, The Wife Drought by Australian political journalist Annabel Crabb became a favourite. She nails the problem: "The dilemma of the working mother is a very precise one. She is expected to work as though she did not have children, and to raise her children as though she did not have a job."
For an MP, who is expected to look as though she is working all the time, lest she be accused of slacking off on the taxpayer dime, this dilemma is even more restrictive. Perhaps it was not surprising that I was not coping.
For a while, I managed to convince myself that what I was experiencing was a combination of 'normal' new-parent sleep deprivation and a high-stress job, until one day in May 2014, I couldn't pretend any more. There is nothing normal about crawling up the hallway, screaming and hitting yourself in the head, in front of your baby, and then pulling yourself together 10 minutes before 20 volunteers arrive at your house so that you can train them and then lead them out to canvass the neighbourhood door to door.
The Whole Intimate Mess by Holly Walker (Bridget Williams Books, $14.99) is available at Unity Books.
Coming up on The Spinoff Review of Books:
Tuesday: Holly Walker interviewed by Chlöe Swarbrick
Wednesday: An essay by Tessa Duder in response to Walker crediting Duder's classic novel Alex as a formative experience.
Thursday: The Whole Intimate Mess reviewed by former Act MP Deborah Coddington
The Spinoff Review of Books is proudly brought to you by Unity Books.
The early-intervention parenting project that's worth its weight in gold
Review: Emily Writes laughs and weeps her way through How To Be A Family
Emily Writes
Parents Editor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Some of you know that I have had to do some extreme downsizing in the past year and I have had to get rid of lots of "stuff". This includes lots of kitchen items that I love and use occasionally but because of space restrictions I had to let go of a few things (ok, a lot of things). One item that I kept was my baked donut pan. I had about 3 but decided to keep just the one pan. I use this pan a great deal especially when my Littles are staying with me. The youngest Little is dairy intolerant so getting donuts at the store is not usually an option. So by using my baked donut pan the Littles as well as the adults can enjoy fresh donuts!
My first suggestion to you is to not purchase the baked donut mixes. They are quite costly and most of the ingredients in my recipe you will have in your pantry/cupboard. The fun part about using my recipe is that you can use what ever flavor of beer you have on hand and not just restricted to a banana beer which some recipes call for. I have also made gluten-free donuts using my recipe by substituting gluten-free flour for the all-purpose and using gluten-free beer. The spices you had can change the flavor how you want it to be. You can even make chocolate donuts by using cocoa powder in place of some of your flour. The creations are endless!
There are lots of donut pans out there but I like the one in the picture the best because it's deep.
Enjoy!!!! And drop me a line to let me know what types of donuts you have created.
Recipe for donuts can be found on the website under breakfast as well as desserts.
I can't believe that we are already into the middle of March. Again I ask, where does the time go? For me this month has been all-consuming about rice crispy treats. I have been trying to develop a recipe for beer marshmallow rice crispy treats and for the most part it has been an epic fail! So when Forrest asked if I wanted to go with him to return some equipment I jumped on the invitation. I figured I had two choices if I said no, one was to continue to bail water from our flooding issues or go back to the store yet again to purchase more crispy cereal and the ladies at the check out are starting to take notice.
We had to go into GR and didn't get a very early start so while I waited in the truck for the returns to be handled I checked for breweries in the area. I found one that just sounded unique and clever, it is called Kitzingen Brewery, http://www.kitzingen-brewery.com/. The description stated the brewery featured German style beer and food. Since we had taken a trip and had walked on the edge of Germany I thought this might be a good pick for us. Forrest was able to try some German beer but most of it was Kolsh so I thought this might give him an opportunity to try some different styles ( we did learn on the trip that different areas of Germany produced their own style of beer and it there was a distinctive difference).
Kitzingen Brewery is located in a small strip mall. The moment we walked in we were at first thinking we walked into the wrong place. It didn't have the "brewery" feel. It was more like a local pub where there were lots of regulars who had stopped in for a pint. Our server was new but quite helpful with the beer selections. As you can see in the picture the flight came in little mason jars with handles – a first for us. The story behind the brewery is a good read so check out the web site that I gave you a link to. A veteran who had been in Germany is who started the brewery.
When it came to ordering food our server again was quite knowledgeable and gave us a good recommendation. I am not a big fan of sauerkraut so I had my German brat without and Forrest had his with the sauerkraut . The homemade brats were fantastic and our server told us they were made locally. The beer was pretty good overall. Forrest didn't have a real favorite but he did try a triple IPA and thought it was pretty solid.
Kitinzen Brewery was a place I would go back to and try some of their bigger/bolder beers. Plus they were so nice I wanted to bring them some marshmallows!
I ran across this recipe, tweaked it and OMG it was fabulous!!! I thought I had a "torch" but found out I didn't so to improvise I used one of my turbo grill lighters to toast the marshmallow topping.
The cupcakes didn't really take that long and the combination with the marshmallow was great. Holiday time can be rough on my granddaughter who is lactose intolerant so I made sure to change a couple of things so she could eat them and as you can see from the pic she thought they were quite delish! Enjoy!!! For comments and questions please email me.
On low speed, add half of the beer/water to the egg mixture, followed by half of the dry ingredients. Repeat with remaining beer/water and flour mixture until just combined.
Bake for about 20 minutes (rotating halfway), or until tops of cupcakes are just springy to touch and toothpick inserted in center comes out clean. Allow to cool in pan on rack for 3 minutes. Remove cupcakes and allow to cool on rack until completely cool.
Frost cooled cupcakes using your favorite tip or use cake spatula. Hold your torch or lighter just over the top of the frosting and "toast" to desired color.
I was recently at a brewery doing a beer review for my blog site and the magazine I write for. We chose a six beer flight and I didn't like any of them 😦 I should have chosen a few of the dark beers that were more on my radar but the guy who was behind the bar steered us towards IPA (what my husband likes) and a couple of light beers. If I had gone with my better judgement, I would have tried a dark beer that claimed to have a peanut butter flavor – now that would have been fun!
In a glass measuring cup, pour out beer to equal 1 cup and set aside. Pour the rest of the bottle in a small saucepan and place over medium heat on the stove. Let the beer cook down until it's half the volume you started with. Set aside.
In a bowl, whisk together the cake mix and the pudding. In a separate bowl whisk the oil, Egg Beaters and 1 cup of beer. Be sure the ingredients are blended well together. Add to the liquid to the cake mix, using a whisk. Mix until all dry ingredients are incorporated.
Line 12 muffin cups with paper cups. Using a small ice cream scoop, fill each muffin cup about half way. Place about 1 tsp. of Better n Peanut Butter over batter and then top with more batter to cover up the peanut butter, doing this to all 12 muffin cups.
Place in a 350 degree oven for about 15 minutes but time will vary according to ovens and if you are using a dark muffin tin. Be sure to not over bake the cupcakes!
While the cup cakes are baking sift 2 cups of powdered sugar into a bowl. Add 2 heaping tablespoons of Better n Peanut Butter, this will be hard to mix but try. Now add just a bit at a time of your reduced beer that has been cooling. Remember to only add a bit at a time or your glaze will be like soup! Add more peanut butter if it gets too thin. The glaze will set up after you put it on the cooled cup cakes.


CarGurus has 1,131 nationwide Grand Prix listings starting at $1,250.
Few changes were made to the 2006 Pontiac Grand Prix, a mid-size sport sedan that touts its versatility as a family car and road performer. The GTP trim is gone in 2006, taken over by the simple GT name. Base Grand Prix has a 3.8-liter, 200-hp engine. The GT gets the supercharged 3.8 at 260-hp. If that isn't fast enough for you, the 5.3-liter, 303-hp V8 in the GXP should satisfy. The somewhat outdated 4-speed automatic overdrive is the only transmission available.
A Special Edition Package is offered in the 2006 Grand Prix GT, which basically adds more performance features, such as ground effects, bright exhaust tips, alloy wheels, body-colored grille, and a restyled center console. The GXP is definitely aimed at the driving enthusiast, who wants speed over practicality. Equipped with standard ABS, traction control, TAPshift, and stability control, it is also supposed to improve fuel economy by dismantling four of its eight cylinders when the car is simply cruising. ABS and traction are also standard on the GT, but an option on base models. OnStar is standard across the lineup, as is power windows and locks, air conditioning, a driver's information center, and fog lights. Add-ons include the favorite heads-up display, heated seats, and a sunroof. An already large trunk can be expanded by folding down the rear seats and the front passenger seat.
GXP power is fun, agree 2006 Grand Prix owners. Though they say its steering can have excessive torque pull and the ride can feel rough, the pickup and takeoff are unsurpassed. Drivers love the style of the Grand Prix, though agree the interior plastic downgrades the overall look. Handling is generally good, and all the standard features for a relatively low price are other standouts. Headroom is limited and rear legroom is only adequate for children if you're in the car for a long time. Though gas mileage is decent, gas consumption is quick. Some feel the 4-speed is inadequate for a sports sedan.
What's your take on the 2006 Pontiac Grand Prix?
Guru9DNBD I HAVE A 1988 GRAND PRIX GT COUPE IT LOOKS MORE SPORTY THEN THE 2006 AND I LOVE THE CAR GOOD CAR LOT OF POWER !!!!!
Have you driven a 2006 Pontiac Grand Prix?


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Maverick Martins
Tommy Hilfiger collaborates with actor Shahid Kapoor for new campaign
PVH Corp-owned Tommy Hilfiger has collaborated with actor Shahid Kapoor to launch a new campaign to promote its fall/winter 2022 collection of watches.
Tommy Hilfiger collaborates with actor Shahid Kapoor for new campaign - Tommy Hilfiger
The actor will be seen endorsing the brand's latest collection across electronic, print, and social media platforms.
Commenting on the collaboration, Shailesh Chaturvedi, managing director India at Tommy Hilfiger in a statement said, "Being one of the world's leading designer lifestyle brands, we are delighted to continue our collaboration with Shahid Kapoor. The new campaign builds on the brand's heritage of working with diverse pop culture icons that represent the brand's ideals. They both epitomize our values with their individual sense of style and rich talent. We look forward to launching a powerful Fall/Winter 2022 campaign with them."
Shahid Kapoor added, "I'm thrilled to continue being part of the Tommy Hilfiger family. I love their watches and I'm particularly excited about their new fall/winter collection. Their watches have an aesthetic that is very close to the kind of style I find trendy."
Arvind Fashions owns the marketing and distribution rights for Tommy Hilfiger in the Indian market. The brand entered the Indian market in 2006 and sells through retail outlets, e-commerce platforms across India.
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Robert Wodrow (167921 March 1734) was a Scottish minister and historian, known as a chronicler and defender of the Covenanters. Robert Wodrow was born at Glasgow, where his father, James Wodrow, was a professor of divinity.  Robert was educated at the university and was librarian from 1697 to 1701. From 1703 till his death, he was parish minister at Eastwood, near Glasgow. He had sixteen children, his son Patrick being the "auld Wodrow" of Burns's poem Twa Herds.

Biography
Robert Wodrow was the youngest son of James Wodrow, Professor of Divinity, at the University of Glasgow. He was born in the Trongate there, April (or September) 1679. At the very hour of his birth, soldiers under warrant of the Privy Council, were searching the house to seize his father, but the latter, having exchanged clothes with the physician's man-servant, succeeded in escaping. Wodrow entered the University of Glasgow in 1691, and graduated with an M.A. on 18 January 1697. He served as chaplain in the house of his kinsman, Sir John Maxwell of Pollok, and for several years he was librarian to the University of Glasgow. On 6 January 1703, he was licensed by the Presbytery of Paisley, and ordained to Eastwood on 28 October of that year. In 1707 he was one of a Committee of Presbyterians appointed to consult and act with the Commission in Edinburgh as to the best means of averting the evils with which the Union of the Kingdoms seemed to threaten the church and people of Scotland. On the accession of George I. in 1714, he was principal correspondent and adviser of the five ministers sent by the Assembly to London to plead the rights of the Church, and particularly to petition for the abolition of patronage. He assisted Principal Hadow in drawing up the Act of Assembly (1731) for the filling up of vacant parishes, the passing of which in the following year gave rise to the Associate Presbytery. He declined calls to Glasgow in 1712, to Stirling in 1717, and again in 1726. He died on 21 March 1734. An enthusiastic collector of information on the history and personal ministry of the Church, he left behind him a vast accumulation of interesting and illuminative MSS. many of which were printed by the Wodrow Society (1841–50), the Maitland and other Clubs. The Wodrow MSS. are preserved in the Advocates Library, and the Library of the University of Glasgow. The papers include records of the visions of the 17th century Presbyterian prophet Barbara Peebles.

Family
He married November 1708, Margaret (died 27 January 1758), widow of Ebenezer Veitch, minister of Ayr, and daughter of Patrick Warner of Ardeer, minister of Irvine, and had issue:
Janet, born 1710, buried 5 April 1773 ["Her days and nights were devoted to the poor, to whom she gave her personal but unostentatious attendance"];
Robert, his successor in Eastwood
Patrick, minister of Tarbolton;
James (1730–1810), minister of Stevenston, Ayrshire. He left a valuable collection of letters exchanged over six decades with his friend Samuel Kenrick, who settled as a banker in Bewdley, Worcestershire. Their correspondence is being published in four volumes by Oxford University Press (2020–).
Alexander, settled in America, had an estate there, and died about the end of the first American War;
Mary, died unmarried;
Margaret (married Matthew Biggar, minister of Kirkoswald);
Marion, died unmarried;
Martha
six others died early.

Works
Wodrow's major work, The History of the Sufferings of the Church of Scotland from the Restoration to the Revolution, was published in two volumes in 1721–1722 (new ed. with a life of Wodrow by Robert Burns, DD, 1807–1808). This recorded and denounced the persecution of the Covenanters after the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, including what he called "The Killing Times" . He was one of the first historians to use "publick records, original papers, and manuscripts of that time" and included many first hand accounts of this period in the history of the Church of Scotland, producing a martyrology that the church would turn to again at times of suffering. The work was approved by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and dedicated to George I, who recognised its semi-official character by, on 26 April 1725, authorising the payment out of the exchequer of 100 guineas to Wodrow.

As an apprentice, the soon-to-be prominent London bookseller Andrew Millar sent Wodrow book price-lists. As a friend of Millar's father, Wodrow may have helped to apprentice Millar to James McEuen, who was also his friend.

Wodrow also wrote a Life (1828) of his father. He left two other works in manuscript: Memoirs of Reformers and Ministers of the Church of Scotland, and Analecta: or Materials for a History of Remarkable Providences, mostly relating to Scotch Ministers and Christians. Of the former, two volumes were published by the Maitland Club in 1834–1845 and one volume by the New Spalding Club in 1890; the latter was published in four volumes by the Maitland Club in 1842–1843.

Wodrow left a great mass of correspondence, three volumes of which, edited by Thomas McCrie, appeared in 1842–1843. The Wodrow Society, founded in Edinburgh to perpetuate his memory, was in existence from 1841 to 1847, several works being published under its auspices.

Bibliography

References

Citations

Sources

Further reading

1679 births
1734 deaths
18th-century Scottish historians
Scottish librarians


Patient centered medical home is a term of art referring to a physician-led team-based health care delivery model, which provides comprehensive, continuous and coordinated* medical care to patients to obtain optimal health outcomes.
*Care coordination is central to the PCMH and requires additional resources such as health information technology, and appropriately trained staff to provide team-based care, which is compensated by payment models that encourage care coordination and patient-centered activity that may fall outside face-to-face patient encounters. The PCMH have been developed by the joint efforts of primary care provider bodies in the US, to wit, the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Physicians, and the American Osteopathic Association.


text:
Uttarakhand increases MBBS seats at Srinagar govt medical college
The number of seats at the Government Medical College in Uttarakhand's Srinagar has been raised from 125 to 150. The National Medical Commission gave its consent to raise the number of seats from 125 to 150 on Wednesday, principal of the medical college C S Rawat said. Admissions to the 150 MBBS seats in the college will start from the current session itself, he said.
Meanwhile, the Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) will start the NEET-UG 2021 counselling process soon in online mode on the official website, mcc.nic.in. Candidates can register for counselling from January 19 to January 24.
Admissions to 15 per cent All India Quota (AIQ) Govt seats, all deemed/central universities, ESIC/AFMS institutes, AIIMS and JIPMER colleges will be done through NEET-UG counselling.
As per the schedule, the Round 1 verification of the seat matrix will be conducted by the institutes on January 17 and 18. The registration/ payment process will commence on January 19 and continue till January 24, up to 12:00 pm. The payment facility will be available for three more hours, until 3 pm on January 24.
NEET counselling 2021 will be conducted for admission to 89,395 MBBS, 27,948 BDS, 52,720 AYUSH, 603 BVSc and AH. Admission will also be granted to BSc Nursing, 1,899 AIIMS and 249 JIPMER MBBS seats in the respective colleges.
Makar Sankranti 2022: Akshay Kumar enjoys kite flying, Rajinikanth and Jr NTR share best wishes
'For a digitally native life, NFTs will become the core asset': MetaKovan


York Hall is a very old leisure centre, with not very good access for wheelchair users.
In 2005 building work starts to make it more accessible for everyone.
By March 2005 the reception will be accessible for wheelchairs users. After that they will make the gym, Turkish bath and changing rooms more accessible.
There are 2 swimming pools and a Turkish bath (these don't have hoists).
There are indoor courts where you can play badminton, basketball, volleyball, cricket or netball.
There is a Fitness gym for weight training or circuit training, and a dance studio for aerobics.
York Hall is non-smoking apart from the Hall & bar area when hired out for events.
Swimming times for ladies only are Tuesday evenings (7.30 pm - 9.30 pm).
Turkish baths times for ladies only are Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays.
Turkish baths times for men only are Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.
Call to check about the times.
and evenings (4.00 pm to 9.30 pm).
Sunday mornings (8.00 am to 2.30 pm), and evenings (6.30 pm - 8.30 pm).
and afternoons (2.00 pm to 4.00 pm).
Sunday afternoons (2.30 pm to 6.30pm).
Bethnal Green Museum of Childhood is next door to York Hall.
No accessible parking at York Hall.
8, 25 and 309 are the nearest Mobility buses.
8, 25 also run at night.
(Central line) - Bethnal Green underground station is about 300 metres from York Hall.
Bethnal Green underground station is not accessible for wheelchair users.
Cambridge Heath mainline station is about 330 metres from York Hall.
Cambridge Heath mainline station is not accessible for people using a wheelchair.
There are steps up to the main entrance. The double doors are quite heavy.
At the moment there is no wheelchair access to York Hall - there will be access in May/June 2005 to the reception and gym.
This is an old centre and has lots of different levels.
There are 3 main floors - the basement, the Ground floor and Floor 1.
The smallest doorway is 765mm wide (for the accessible toilet near reception).
This is for the Turkish bath. The doorway is about 900mm wide.
This is where the reception is.
There are vending machines here. A can of drink costs about 75p.
The swimming pools, changing rooms, indoor courts and sun-beds are on this floor.
The Fitness gym and the dance studio are on this floor.
There are toilets on this floor - they are not accessible.
There are Men's and Ladies changing rooms.
The doorways into the changing rooms are standard.
There are toilets in the changing rooms.
There is 1 accessible toilet in each changing room on the Ground floor - it also has a baby change.
They have some hand rails. They are not locked.
The rest of the toilets are standard.


This happy holiday photograph is of Market Harborough's Dixon family this week in Majorca – but kidney cancer means there's tragedy behind the smiles.
Dad James Dixon (45) now has life-limiting cancer and is currently on holiday with an oxygen tank because of a collapsed lung caused by tumours.
Kidney Cancer Awareness Day is this month, on June 21, which is why James and wife Rebecca are telling the Mail a little of their story.
More than 10,000 British people are diagnosed with kidney cancer every year.
James was diagnosed with cancer of the kidney in August 2013 – four days before he and Rebecca were due to get married.
"I'd had severe back pain, and I'd said to my wife – my future wife – that something wasn't right" said James.
"The diagnosis was a massive shock" said Rebecca (37). "James asked me if I still wanted to marry him. But I'd waited 30 years to find my prince. I wasn't going to ditch him because he'd got ill.
Now it's been nearly five years since the couple's "worlds came crashing down".
James continues to work part-time as a sales and marketing director for Clan Ceramics "and is ultimately the best dad and husband anyone could wish for" says Rebecca.
"Our love for one another pulls us through the dark days and James is particularly stoic so even the faintest whimper from me and I'm brought back to reality by James saying 'don't let today spoil our tomorrow'.
Members and volunteers for KCSN are organising fundraising events from mountain climbing to tea parties throughout June. For more information, go to www.kcsn.org.uk/support-us/fundraising-events/.


Pictures and videos from Rannvijay Singha's daughter Kainaat's play-date with Kareena Kapoor's son Taimur in London went crazy viral last month and the Spiltsvilla host told news agency IANS that despite the media attention, he and his wife Priyanka Vohra try and maintain a balanced life for their one-year-old daughter. "So much has changed over the years, there is more and more media everywhere you go, but we try to maintain a balanced life for Kainaat. We are grateful to our friends in the media fraternity who have been kind enough to understand and maintain our personal space," Rannvijay told IANS.
In London, Kainaat and Taimur (she apparently calls him "Timbur"), accompanied by their respective mothers, met at the London zoo. Several pictures and videos (some shared by Priyanka on her Instagram story) found their way on social media and trended for days.
Earlier this year, Saif Ali Khan told NDTV that he and Kareena Kapoor expected this kind of reaction from the media when Taimur was born."Kareena and I knew there would be media interest in our son. It's hard to bring up kids without the attention; I don't know how he is going to react to the attention when he grows up... Taimur has just started his life. It's important for us to make sure he grows up to be a balanced person. Hopefully, he will get used to it; I don't think he knows any better. He knows there are cameras pointing at him all the time," Saif said.
On the work front, Kareena Kapoor was last seen in Veere Di Wedding and she hasn't announced her next project yet. Saif Ali Khan received critical acclaim for his role in Netflix's Sacred Games and he's awaiting the release of Baazaar.
Rannvijay is currently busy filming reality TV show Splitsvilla Season 11, which he co-hosts with Sunny Leone.


Providing greater opportunities for women and girls is a key priority for the Hodgman Liberal Government which is why we want to grow female participation in Tasmanian sport.
Supporting and empowering Tasmanian women and girls is a key priority for the Hodgman Liberal Government in creating a more inclusive state.
International Women's Day is an opportunity to celebrate the economic, political and social achievements of women, and I'm honoured to announce the recipients of the International Women's Day Small Grants Program.
The Small Grants Program is a new initiative, providing funding for 24 local organisations across the state to run a wide variety of events for International Women's Day on 8 March 2019 that celebrate and promote the contribution of Tasmanian women.
The Kingborough and Huon Business Enterprise Centre will use its grant for hosting a gala dinner, while the Soroptimist International of Circular Head will host an evening function to celebrate the contribution of Circular Head's unsung heroines.


For help with your most important legal matters, turn to an attorney you can trust. With offices in Salt Lake City and Layon, we are pleased to work with clients all along the Wasatch front, and throughout Utah.
Use the contact form on this page or call us today at 801-449-1409 to arrange for an initial attorney consultation.


Gratis bonuspakke: Frihånds quilte/stoppefot, "usynleg" glidelås fot, passpoalfot, faldefot og perlefot. Begrensa antall!
NEW and exciting, the perfect choice to get more creative with your projects.
With sleek, modern styling, Brother's NEW Innov-is models combine high levels of functionality with increadible ease of use.
These computerised sewing machines will inspire you to be creative, and are designed to help you get the most enjoyment from your home furnishing and dressmaking projects.
The Innov-is 15 is perfect for the beginner or advanced sewer looking for simplicity without compromising on quality and features.
The easy jog dial stitch selector and automatic needle threader, combined with the LCD screen and slide speed control make this ideal for all sorts of projects from fashion to quilting.
Opptil 850 sting pr. min.


You're en route for the Swiss dream! Despite being a popular holiday destination, the region of La Gruyère has lost none of its natural beauty. Its lush green landscape, clear lake, authentic character, mountains and delicious local products are the perfect memory of Switzerland to take home with you.
Just a few kilometres after Le Mouret, you arrive at Lake Gruyère, in its beautiful natural setting. Take the time to visit the ruins and chapel on Ogoz Island, by crossing the lake on a little boat, or on foot when the water level allows.
The route continues on to Broc, the birthplace of the Swiss milk chocolate Cailler, owned by Nestlé. Recently renovated, Maison Cailler is a must for chocolate lovers and to combine the pleasures of the palate and relaxation, visit the Bains de la Gruyère wellness centre at nearby Charmey.
The name La Gruyère is obviously associated with the delicious cheese of the same name. At the entrance to the mediaeval town of Gruyères is La Maison du Gruyère, where you can see this cheese being made and discover all its secrets! End your visit to the unspoilt region of La Gruyère by wandering around the mediaeval town and castle, set against the backdrop of the majestic Moléson Mountain, treasured by the locals.
A hour excursion on a barge to discover the Lake "Lac de La Gruyère". Admire the cliffs of Rossens and visit the Isle of Ogoz.
Snuggling near the mountain pastures at the foot of Gruyères Castle, La Maison du Gruyère invites you to discover Le Gruyère AOP.
For close to 800 years, the historic castle of Gruyères and its medieval town have shaped the region and attracted visitors.
A truthful Pre-Alps balcony presents itself to you, where you can admire the whole Western Switzerland.


text:
Puerto Chiapas, one of the Special Economic Zones.
Cancelling Special Economic Zones risks losing billions: private sector
New government expresses doubts about the value of having seven such zones
Published on Thursday, March 28, 2019
The private sector has spoken out against the possible elimination of the country's Special Economic Zones (SEZs), warning that there is a risk of losing billions of dollars of investment.
The previous federal government created seven SEZs in Puerto Chiapas, Chiapas; Salina Cruz, Oaxaca; Lázaro Cárdenas-La Union, Michoacán and Guerrero; Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz; Seybaplaya, Campeche; Dos Bocas, Tabasco; and Progreso, Yucatán.
Each zone offers generous financial incentives to attract investment including a company tax rate of zero for a period of 10 years.
Some companies have already committed to an investment of US $3 billion and at least 83 others have expressed interested in business ventures worth an additional $8.6 billion that would create tens of thousands of jobs.
Over the next 15 to 20 years, investment of US $42 billion had been predicted by the former head of the federal agency responsible for the SEZs, Gerardo Gutiérrez Candiani.
The economic zones are intended to encourage economic development in poorer regions. el economista
But his successor said Tuesday that the government is analyzing the viability of maintaining the zones and will make a decision on their future in two months.
Rafael Marín Mollinedo said the Secretariat of Finance (SHCP) has taken the view that it will be more beneficial to concentrate government resources on the establishment of a trade corridor on the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
"There are experts who have come to speak to us about the SEZs, the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank . . . [who say] establishing one SEZ is good, two maximum, but seven? . . . What has to be done is completely develop one area as will be the case with the Isthmus of Tehuantepec," he said.
Finance undersecretary Arturo Herrera appeared to indicate that the government has already made the decision to cancel the SEZs.
"The [special] economic zones haven't been working. Little by little, we're going to move to another model . . . or we're going to seek different development mechanisms," he said.
Enoch Castellano Férez, president of the National Chamber for Industrial Transformation (Canacintra), responded to the comments by saying that cancelling the SEZs would be bad news for Mexico's poorest states because they will lose a huge amount of private investment.
He also contended that the government has a misguided view about how much it will need to spend on the zones.
"I believe that it's not being measured well. We've spoken about it with some officials, [and] I have the impression that they believe that a lot of investment needs to be put into the SEZs," Castellano said.
"There will be some that do need that but it's very clear that in Coatzacoalcos, Salina Cruz, Lázaro Cárdenas and even Tapachula [Puerto Chiapas], the investment [required] from the government is a lot less than any of the other projects of this administration," he added.
Former SZE chief Gutiérrez, who used to be head of the Business Coordinating Council (CCE), told the newspaper Milenio that a lot of investment projects planned for the SEZs are on the verge of beginning and that the government would be unwise not to take advantage of the economic initiative.
He pointed out that the SEZs were designed to create jobs and attract investment and thus close the economic gap that exists between the south and southeast of Mexico and other regions of the country.
Business people and associations in Michoacán and Veracruz also rejected the possible elimination of the SEZs and urged the government to reconsider its intentions.
Jesús Melgoza, secretary of economic development in Michoacán, said he will meet next Monday with his counterparts from all of the states with designated SEZs in order to develop a formal proposal that they will submit to the federal government to advocate for the continuation of the zones.
Michoacán Governor Silvano Aureoles said that if the government cancels the SEZs, it would be shooting itself in the foot, adding that he didn't understand why "many officials of the current government want to destroy everything."
Chiapas Economy Secretary Yamil Melgar Bravo said the SEZs will be a trigger for industrial development and expressed confidence that they won't be cancelled. The SHCP is simply reassessing how to move forward with their development, he said.
US $25bn in investment sought for southeastern states to stem migration
Government officials met with the US ambassador and industry representatives in Tabasco to discuss a development plan for the southeast.
eBay has plans for Mexico, its biggest Latin American market
E-commerce giant eBay says Mexico is a priority for the business and that its growth will create employment opportunities in the country.
US President Biden helps Mexico enjoy break from economic gloom
US stimulus and remittances spill across the border, but no one expects the good times to last.
Travel expected to be popular item at this week's online shopping event
Hot Sale is expected to drive an increase in travel bookings as hotels and holiday package vendors join airlines to offer knock down prices.


text:
package org.apache.camel.component.netty.http;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.camel.BindToRegistry;
import org.apache.camel.Exchange;
import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;

public class NettyHttpFilterCamelHeadersTest extends BaseNettyTest {

    @BindToRegistry("foo")
    private MyFooBean bean = new MyFooBean();

    @Test
    public void testFilterCamelHeaders() {
        Exchange out = template.request("netty-http:http://localhost:{{port}}/test/filter", exchange -> {
            exchange.getIn().setBody("Claus");
            exchange.getIn().setHeader("bar", 123);
        });

        assertNotNull(out);
        assertEquals("Hi Claus", out.getMessage().getBody(String.class));

        // there should be no internal Camel headers
        // except for the response code and response text
        Map<String, Object> headers = out.getMessage().getHeaders();
        for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
            if (!key.equalsIgnoreCase(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE) && !key.equalsIgnoreCase(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_TEXT)) {
                assertFalse(key.toLowerCase().startsWith("camel"), "Should not contain any Camel internal headers");
            }
        }
        assertEquals(200, headers.get(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE));
    }

    @Override
    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() {
        return new RouteBuilder() {
            @Override
            public void configure() {
                from("netty-http:http://localhost:{{port}}/test/filter").bean("foo");
            }
        };
    }

    public static class MyFooBean {

        public String hello(String name) {
            return "Hi " + name;
        }
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
'A letter from Isaiah -Will of Isaiah' – The Healing Animation Movie for The Future Humanity
Admin January 2, 2023 January 2, 2023 No Comments on 'A letter from Isaiah -Will of Isaiah' – The Healing Animation Movie for The Future Humanity
Stay Safe and Healthy During this Coronavirus Epidemic
Practice Hand Washing and Social Distancing. It is important to be informed of the situation and take appropriate measures to protect yourself and your family. Check out These WHO Recommendations and Advice for the Public,
Good movies have the power to influence human minds. Bad movies have it as well. 'A Letter from Isaiah' is one such movie which has the power to impact and heal us in a magnificent way.
'A Letter from Isaiah' is not a kind of movie that meets the expectations of one that finds pleasure watching a thriller movie or something like that. This healing movie is a historically informative piece of love, oneness, compassion, bravery and sacrifice and its creator wants to deliver it to the future humanity.
The film's director, writer and artist, MARTH, is a self-development seminar trainer and the wisdom of his life self-exploration is captured in this animation combined with beautiful imagery and excellent soundtracks. It is produced by Comfort Co.Inc, a healing animation production company in Japan.
This animated documentary film becomes an experience of pure love, sorrow and ray of hope, while passing through the journey of historical hardships and brave inspiring movements of Isaiah and his beloved people. The story is presented in an amazing way through dialogue and historical descriptions without any fights or heroic battles.
The film contains a treasure of values, and the message delivered through this masterpiece animation movie is of great value that one could ever pass to the future humanity. This movie is not a conventional one, but just a pure experience of love and oneness.
The message delivered through this nearly three hour movie deserves relevance in today's suffering world with perished love and demoralized values where terrifying things like hatred and brutal killings are widespread, and growing.
Story Excerpts from The Movie
" A letter from Isaiah-Will of Isaiah" is the story of the people who traveled from the Middle East to Japan, amidst the conflict and Babylonian invasion 2700 years ago, to create a harmonious country of God. Millions of people, tired of fighting and competing, traveled to Japan, crossing 10,000 kilometers of land and seas to create a country of love and oneness, for the future of humanity.
It is the story of the parents and grandparents who have fallen on the way to the promised land and wished to return at least for their sons, grandsons and friends.
It is the story of a harmonious country with the legacy of love left behind by the Jewish chief, Isaiah Nagid.
The story opens with a narration of an amazing discovery of a 2600 years back letter, from Isaiah Nagid. The letter, which could be considered as his Will, reveals what human love is all about and contains Isaiah, the true leader's thoughts and feelings for his descendants.
In his willful notes, Isaiah tells his descendants to make a beautiful world, where everyone can live happily and fulfill the happiness of others.
Isaiah's willful notes in the letter continue like this…
'When you live with oneness, dream of one, and live with love, humanity will be happy and prosperous… just as flowers prosper when they take root in the earth and wither away when pulled out of it.
When you live with the brief that this world is separated, you will have a painful life, no matter who you are. On the contrary, if you think of love as oneness, you are instantly at peace.."
As the Babylonian invasion continued,
the king of Judah realized that he and his country were going to perish. Out of his worry about what would happen to his beloved people, the king wept and pleaded with Isaiah to set sail with his beloved people towards the East and create a harmonious country of love and oneness, where there is no such sad values like deception, competition, comparison, domination, servitude, winning, losing, conquest, destruction and brutal killings, which all happens out of ego that arise from the belief in separation.
Few excerpts from the conversation:
Never hurt others even though you are hurt by them..
Never be the one to steal, even stolen by others..
Never be the one to cheat, even cheated by others..
For the sake of the beautiful world, and love, love others and enemies, and never hurt them.
One of Isaiah's descendants who reached Yamato in Japan, after the war ended wrote..
"Beautiful scenery of Yamato..
Beautiful trees, earth, festivals, people, mountains, flowers, farmland, culture, law, tradition...all that are beautiful..
A beautiful country of love that the beautiful chief made where all things are in harmony.
A country that respects oneness..
A country that makes the future of love..
People all over the world are beginning to love it…
And Waiting…
Will of Isaiah
I believe that now is the time for humanity to learn the truth and fundamentally change its way of life"
Vitamin D Sources and Supplements for Replenishing the Amount of Vitamin D
Study: Probiotics Show Therapeutic Effect on Allergies, IBD, Viral Infections and Eczema
8 Best Homemade Face Masks For a Fair and Glossy Skin
Harmonize with Nature and Enjoy Good Health
How To Raise Your Body pH and Keep It Alkaline Throughout The Day
Top 10 Fruit Smoothie Recipes To Get Ideal Nutrition
The Importance of Panchamrit In Mahashivaratri Rituals and How To Make it
Why Taking The Right Amount of Vitamin E is So Important
SubscribeTo Get Our Latest Updates Right Into Your Inbox (You will Receive The E Book "Why Sugar Makes Us SICK, FAT and TIRED")
Holistic Healing, Lifestyle, Mental Health, Motivation, Self Improvement Healing animation movie, Healing movie, Isaiah, Isaiah Nagid, Letter from Isaiah, Marth, Self improvement, Will of Isaiah


If you have the best plumbing professional to get the work done right and completed the first time it can save you time, save you money, and help you to get a lot more value from your own house. Now, when there are no emergencies, may be the ideal time to develop a satisfying and also enduring relationship with a plumbing contractor for your house, workplace, and commercial requirements.
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text:
Tag: animal health
Are there alternatives to antibiotics?
A brief summary of the manuscript, Alternatives to Antibiotics: Why and How (Allen, 2017), a review of current and potential alternatives to antibiotics for use in human or veterinary medicine.
Every time antibiotics are used, impacted bacteria adapt to survive. Bacteria that are not killed by the antibiotic pass on their new survival traits to later generations of bacteria, which limit the effect of the antibiotic the next time it is used.
Antibiotics are not the only way to treat bacterial diseases. Alternative treatment methods to consider include vaccines, immunotherapeutics, bacteriophage therapy, and probiotics.
Continue reading "Are there alternatives to antibiotics?"
Posted on April 7, 2019 October 22, 2019
Sodium Bisulfate Treatment of Horse Stalls in the Southeastern United States
For the equine industry, concerns about ammonia (NH3) levels in the barn environment are multifaceted and include issues of animal welfare, animal and human health, and environmental impacts. In Florida, many performance horses are housed in stalls at least part of the day as are horses with allergic skin conditions and/or pasture associated asthma. The warm and humid climate produces favorable conditions for ammonia generation and fly emergence. Previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of sodium bisulfate in lowering floor substrate and bedding pH, reducing ammonia concentrations, and fly populations in livestock facilities (poultry houses and dairies)1,2. However, research on application of sodium bisulfate in equine facilities is limited to two studies conducted in the northeastern United States3.
The objective of this pilot study was to determine the effects of sodium bisulfate (PLT®) application in a north central Florida equine facility on bedding pH, NH3 concentration, and fly counts. Four 12 x 12 ft stalls in a 20-stall barn were used, 2 control (CON) and 2 treated with sodium bisulfate (SB), individually housing mature geldings. Data were collected during the third week of August, 2018. Stalls were initially bedded with 67 lbs of wood shavings. Amount of product initially added to SB stalls was 14 lbs (manufacturer recommended application rate of 100 lbs/1,000 sqft) followed by 7 lbs daily for 4 days. Horses were housed in stalls overnight (12 hours/day) and stalls cleaned (manure and wet bedding removed) once/day. An aspirating pump and gas detection tubes (Kitagawa, Japan) were used to determine NH3 concentration before stall cleaning (AM measurement), to allow for manure and urine accumulation, and 10 hours post stall cleaning (PM measurement). Three 5-gallon buckets were placed over the stall surface in a triangular pattern to standardize airflow and the location of each bucket was marked to allow replication across AM and PM readings. OnSet HOBO loggers were used to monitor temperature and relative humidity. Fly traps containing no fly attractant, were suspended 8 feet above the floor in the center of each stall to determine fly counts.
Background (cleaned stalls without bedding material; rubber mats only) and baseline (bedded stalls) NH3 concentrations were < 5 ppm and not different between SB and CON stalls. NH3 concentrations had a cumulative effect and were greater on day 3 (69.8 ppm) compared to day 1 (< 5 ppm) and day 2 (16.7 ppm). NH3 concentrations were greater in CON stalls (28.6 ppm) compared to SB stalls (< 5 ppm). Bedding pH was lower in SB stalls (1.82) compared to CON stalls (6.16) demonstrating an overall treatment effect, but pH of the bedding increased over the duration of the study. The number of flies caught in traps did not differ between treatments, although fly counts did increase over time. Reductions in pH and NH3 observed in the present study were comparable to previous studies. We expected reductions in flies in stalls treated with SB, however, fly counts were extremely low overall and a different approach for quantifying fly numbers may be necessary.
Future research directions include testing different application rates for equine stalls and determining efficacy of SB with different bedding types. Additional studies to investigate the effectiveness of SB in mitigating NH3 emissions in equine facilities4 and reducing fly populations and bacteria in stalls should be pursued. There is also potential to assess the benefits of SB application near manure storage areas on equine operations.
Corresponding author, title, affiliation and email
Carissa Wickens, Extension Equine Specialist, University of Florida. cwickens@ufl.edu
Other authors: Jill Bobel, Biological Scientist, University of Florida; Danielle Collins, Graduate Student, University of Florida; Alex Basso, Graduate Student, University of Florida
1Johnson, T. M. and B. Murphy. 2008. Use of sodium bisulfate to reduce ammonia emissions from poultry and livestock housing. Proceedings of the Mitigating Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations Conference, Des Moines, IA. Iowa State University, pp. 74-78.
2Sun, H., Y. Pan, Y. Zhao, W. A. Jackson, L. M. Nuckles, I. L. Malkina, V. E. Arteaga and F. M. Mitloehner. 2008. Effects of sodium bisulfate on alcohol, amine, and ammonia emissions from dairy slurry. J. Environmental Quality 37:608-614.
3Sweeney, C.R., S.M. McDonnell, G.E. Russell, and M. Terzich. 1997. Effect of sodium bisulfate on ammonia concentration, fly population, and manure pH in a horse barn. Am. J. Vet. Res. 57(12):1795-1798.
4Weir, J., H. Li, L.K. Warren, E. Macon, C. Wickens. 2017. Evaluating the impact of ammonia emissions from equine operations on the environment. Waste to Worth: Spreading Science and Solutions. Cary, NC. April 18-21, 2017. https://lpelc.org/evaluating-the-impact-of-ammonia-emissions-from-equine-operations-on-the-environment/. Accessed on: February 28, 2019.
Additional information regarding this project is available by contacting Carissa Wickens (cwickens@ufl.edu), or Jill Bobel (jbrides2@ufl.edu).
The authors wish to thank Dr. Josh Payne, Technical Services Manager, Jones-Hamilton Company, Agricultural Division, and Dr. Hong Li, Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware for providing technical expertise and support for this project. We would also like to thank Carol Vasco, Tayler Hansen, Agustin Francisco, and Claudia Lopez for their assistance with data collection.
Figure 1: Placement of buckets over the stall floor for measurement of NH3 concentrations. The ammonia pump with attached gas detection tube was placed through a small hole drilled into the top of each bucket.
Figure 2: Average daytime and nighttime temperatures and percent relative humidity during the study period.
The authors are solely responsible for the content of these proceedings. The technical information does not necessarily reflect the official position of the sponsoring agencies or institutions represented by planning committee members, and inclusion and distribution herein does not constitute an endorsement of views expressed by the same. Printed materials included herein are not refereed publications. Citations should appear as follows. EXAMPLE: Authors. 2019. Title of presentation. Waste to Worth. Minneapolis, MN. April 22-26, 2019. URL of this page. Accessed on: today's date.
Impacts of the Michigan Agriculture Environmental Assurance Program
The Michigan Agriculture Environmental Assurance Program (MAEAP) is a holistic approach to environmental protection. It helps farmers evaluate their entire operation, regardless of size or commodity, and make sustainable management decisions balancing society's needs, the environment, and economics. MAEAP is a partnership effort that aims to protect natural resources and build positive communities by working with farmers on environmentally responsible agricultural production practices.
To become MAEAP verified, farmers must complete three comprehensive steps: educational seminars, an on-farm risk assessment, and development and implementation of an action plan addressing potential environmental risks. The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) conducts an on-farm inspection to verify program requirements related to applicable state and federal environmental regulations, including the Generally Accepted Agricultural and Management Practices (GAAMPs). MAEAP benefits Michigan by helping to protect the Great Lakes by using proven scientific standards to improve air, water, and soil quality. Annual phosphorus reduction through MAEAP is over 340,451 pounds per year which is enough to grow almost 85,104 tons of algae in lakes and streams. Farming is an environmentally intense practice and the MAEAP-verification process ensures farmers are making choices that balance production and environmental demands. The measures aimed at protecting air, soil, water, and other environmental factors mean that MAEAP-verified farmers are committed to utilizing farming practices that protect Michigan's natural resources.
The Michigan Agriculture Environmental Assurance Program (MAEAP) is an innovative, proactive program that assists farms of all sizes and all commodities voluntarily prevent or minimize agricultural pollution risks. MAEAP is a collaborative effort of farmers, Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Michigan Farm Bureau, commodity organizations, universities, conservation districts, conservation groups and state and federal agencies. MAEAP teaches farmers how to identify and prevent environmental risks and work to comply with state and federal environmental regulations. Farmers who successfully complete the three phases of a MAEAP system (Farmstead, Cropping or Livestock) are rewarded by becoming verified in that system.
To become MAEAP-verified, farmers must complete three comprehensive steps: educational seminars, a thorough on-farm risk assessment, and development and implementation of an action plan addressing potential environmental risks. The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) conducts an on-farm inspection to verify program requirements related to applicable state and federal environmental regulations, including the Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices. To retain MAEAP verification, a farm must repeat all three steps including MDARD inspection every three years.
Local MAEAP farm verified in the Cropping System
The MAEAP program is positively influencing Michigan producers and the agriculture industry. Annually, an average of 5,000 Michigan farmers attend an educational session geared toward environmental stewardship and MAEAP verification. To date, over 10,000 farms are participating with over 1,500 MAEAP verifications. On a yearly basis, over $1.2 million is spent for practice implementation by producers working towards MAEAP verification. In 2012; the sediment reduced on MAEAP-verified farms could have filled 28,642 dump trucks (10 yards each), the phosphorus reduced on MAEAP farms could have grown 138,056 tons of algae in surface waters, and the nitrogen reduced on MAEAP farms could have grown 45,515 tons of algae in surface waters.
An example of the partnership between MAEAP and Michigan Farm Bureau
Michigan Governor Rick Snyder has taken a vested interest in the value of the MAEAP program. In March of 2011, Governor Snyder signed Public Acts 1 and 2 which codify MAEAP into law. This provides incentives and structure for the MAEAP program. It is a goal of Governor Snyder's to have 5,000 farms MAEAP-verified by 2015. Most importantly, through forward thinking MAEAP strives to connect farms and communities, ensure emergency preparedness and protect natural resources.
Jan Wilford, Program Manager, Michigan Department of Agriculture & Rural Development – Environmental Stewardship Division, wilfordj9@michigan.gov
Shelby Bollwahn, MAEAP Technician – Hillsdale Conservation District
shelby.bollwahn@mi.nacdnet.net
www.maeap.org – MAEAP Website
http://michigan.gov/mdard/0,4610,7-125-1567_1599_25432—,00.html – MDARD MAEAP Website
http://www.facebook.com/mimaeap – MAEAP Facebook Page
MDARD MAEAP Program Office Communications Department
Michigan Farm Bureau
Michigan Association of Conservation Districts
Hillsdale County Farm Bureau
Hillsdale Conservation District
Handout version of the poster (8.5 x 11; pdf format)
Impact of Health Status and Viral Exposure on Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions of Pigs
Vaccination/PRRSv | Antibiotics and Alternatives | Salmonella
Why Study Health of Pigs In Relation to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions?
Our working hypothesis is that immune activation, from clinical and subclinical disease, reduces growth performance and concomitantly increases nutrient excretion and subsequent GHG emissions from manure management.
Findings from this project will provide validated information for incorporation into the animal physiology models.
Vaccination/PRRSV Trials
Evaluate impact of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) exposure and vaccination on animal performance, manure output and composition, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from stored manure.
Antibiotics and Antibiotic Alternatives
Evaluate the effects of health status on GHG emissions and carbon and water footprints
Evaluate effects of health status (Salmonella) on animal performance, manure output and composition, and GHG emissions from stored manure.
Research Summary: What Have We Done? What Have We Learned?
Manure reactors installed at Virginia Tech for the pilot study. The manifold on the wall distributes a constant stream of air to each bioreactor, and forces gas through the exhaust lines into the gas analyzers
Thermo Scientific analyzers for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), mono-nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonium (NH4), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). A programmable manifold switch will sample gas from each reactor sequentially throughout the day.
Vaccination/PRRSV
Experimental Design:
Pigs were randomly assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial design investigating the interaction of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) vaccination (with or without) and exposure to the PRRSV. One week after weaning, pigs were treated intramuscularly with 2.0 mL of a commercial PRRSV vaccine (Ingelvac PRRS MLV) or sterile saline and housed 4/pen (2 barrows and 2 gilts). Pigs were inoculated 3 weeks after vaccination with sterile medium or PRRSV (MN184). This vaccination protocol has provided high protection against experimental PRRSV infection. (Thacker et al., 2000). Blood samples were collected from pigs upon arrival to the biosafety laboratory to corroborate PRRSV-naïve status. Pigs were given antibiotic-free diets that meet or exceed all nutrient recommendations (NRC, 1998). Growth performance, manure output and composition, and GHG emissions were determined from manure collected from each pen. The study was carried-out for 4 weeks after PRRSV inoculation and used a total of 3 experimental units (i.e., pens) per treatment (i.e., 48 pigs in total). The mitigation strategy tested was the effect of vaccination on pig growth and GHG emissions.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) infection caused significant reductions in feed intake which led to reductions in rates of gain and body weight. The infection also caused a reduction in diet digestibility leading to greater manure nutrient output per unit of feed intake and increased greenhouse gas (GHG) production from the stored manure. The impact on GHG production is particularly striking when the data are expressed as litters of gas per kilogram of body weight gain. The increased gas production combined with reduced rates of gain results in more than a tripling of gas production per unit of gain for all of the gases. Vaccination against PRRSV appeared to offer little benefit in terms of animal performance, manure nutrient output, or gas production from manure. Results of the gas production data are presented in Table 1.
Experimental Design: Seven hundred twenty-four, mixed sex pigs were placed in 11 rooms at the SERB to determine the effects of rearing pigs without antibiotics on growth performance. Pigs were blocked by (body weight) BW and gender and allotted to room and pen with 10/11 mixed-sex pigs/pen. Control pigs consumed diets (Table 2) containing antibiotics and were treated with injectable antibiotics when deemed necessary. Antibiotic-free animals consumed diets with alternatives to antibiotics and received no injectable antibiotics. If sick animals did not respond to antibiotic alternatives, they were removed from the experiment.
Pigs were weighed at the start and end of each dietary phase, and mortality and morbidity were recorded daily. Data were analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure in SAS (statistical software). During the nursery phase, control pigs grew faster (P<0.02; 0.449 vs 0.426 kg/d), and consumed more feed (P<0.05; 0.694 vs. 0.660 kg/d) than antibiotic free animals, resulting in similar (gain to feed ratio) G:F.
Similar average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and G:F were observed throughout the grower phases, and therefore the increased BW of control-fed pigs was maintained and tended (P=0.06) to be heavier at the start of the finisher phases (86.0 vs. 84.5 kg). However, antibiotic-free animals grew 3% faster (P<0.01) and had 6% better G:F (P<0.001) in the finisher phases.
As a result, there was no overall effect (P>0.10) of treatment on ADG, but there was a trend (P = 0.08) for increased ADFI (2.11 vs. 2.07 kg) and reduced (P<0.05) G:F (0.518 vs. 0.527) in control pigs compared to antibiotic-free. Thirty antibiotic-free animals (8.3%) were removed from the study compared to 11 control (3.0%). In conclusion, antibiotic-free management can yield a similar growth performance to conventional systems, but the limited disease treatment options may limit the number of pigs marketed under this management system.
Salmonella Trial
The objective of the study was to determine the impacts of a dirty environment leading to increased pathogen load and salmonella infection on animal performance, manure output and composition, and GHG production from the stored manure. 24 3-week old pigs were transported from the VT swine facility to the Biosafety Laboratory on campus and randomly allotted to one of the following health statuses: 1) High (clean room); 2) Medium (replicated clean on-farm environment); 3) Low (replicated "dirty" farm environment); or 4) Low + Salmonella challenge. Pigs were housed in individual metabolism stalls and fed the same antibiotic free diet as for the VT PRRSV trial. All pigs were assessed for fecal salmonella shedding which is indicative of an active infection upon arrival and found to be negative, and the feed was checked for salmonella contamination and found to be negative. After 10 days of adjustment (31 d of age), pigs allotted to the infected group were orally inoculated with 1×10^9 CFU of Salmonella enterica serotype enterica serovar Typhimurium strain DT104 (ATTC; BAA-185, Manassas, Virginia), and pigs were monitored for growth rate and fecal output and composition for an additional 24 d. Manure was collected each day and the loaded into the manure storage containers. Gas production from the storage containers was assessed continuously throughout the day every other day for the duration of the experiment plus an additional 11 days after the animal trial ended.
Pig inoculated with salmonella exhibited elevated rectal temperatures for 4 d post-innoculation, and shed salmonella in feces for the full 19 days that fecal shedding was monitored. Maintaining pigs in a dirty environment (heavy fecal contamination of the pens) and salmonella infection resulted in equal reductions in the rate of gain and numerical reductions feed efficiency as compared to control animals housed in a clean environment. Emissions of methane from stored manure per unit of weight gain was increased for both the dirty group and the salmonella group by more than 3 fold; and emissions of CO2 and N2O were increased by almost 50% for the dirty group and by 2 fold for the salmonella group.
The effect of Salmonella infection on the gut microbiome are currently being determined. Correlations between greenhouse gas production and key microbial population members will be determined.
The impact of PRRSV and salmonella infections on feed intake was modeled as a time dependent process relative to initial infection and incorporated into the NRC growth model. Although PRRSV vaccination is not completely effective, it did provide partial protection which modified the time course of the infection. The PRRSV vaccination effect was also modeled as a time dependent process which was additively applied to the disease equation. The model predicted intake and growth depressions for both pathogens and the effect of vaccination with minimal mean and slope bias indicating the model represented the data well. Surprisingly the salmonella equation also did well in describing the negative effects of an e-coli infection suggesting that it could be used to predict the effects of other digestive pathogens. The reductions in feed intake explained all of the changes in animal performance, and thus no additional equations were required to simulate potential decreases in diet digestibility or increases in animal maintenance requirements.
The modified model was incorporated into the grower submodel of the overall barn model to allow simulations of PRRSV and salmonella infections and PRRSV vaccination.
The Swine Environmental Research Building (SERB)
The Swine Environmental Research Building (SERB) is set up at a scale that can validate the results of pilot scale studies done elsewhere. It houses 720 pigs in 12 rooms with 6 pens per room and 10 pigs per pen. Manure is quantitatively collected and stored in a deep pit under each side of the room (3 pens of 10 pigs each). The two manure pits in each room are divided by a wall under the central walkway. The building is equipped with a centralized laboratory capable of monitoring GHG emissions from each independently ventilated room. Pigs will be supplied by Purdue or obtained from a commercial source at weaning, blocked by weight and sex and randomly assigned to treatments.
Dr. Radcliffe discussed his efforts at SERB during a webinar on Life Cycle Assessment Modeling in the Pork Industry.
Additional Projects Related to Improving the Environmental Footprint of Pork Production in the U.S.
Dr. Mark Hanigan
mhanigan@vt.edu
Dr. Charles Maxwell
University of Arkansas (retired)
Posted on December 14, 2018 April 19, 2021
Intersections of Environmental Management and Biosecurity in Animal Agriculture
This webinar addresses manure sampling challenges in a different species and recommendations to reduce sampling error. This presentation was originally broadcast on December 14, 2018. More… Continue reading "Intersections of Environmental Management and Biosecurity in Animal Agriculture"


A 19-year-old diver hopped into the water with his video camera when he and his father noticed two southern right whales swimming near the surface off the east coast of Tasmania near Bicheno.
With his camera recording, Kaeo Landon-Lane watched as one whale came closer and closer until he was face-to-face with the cetacean.
"It got so close I could see the hairs on her chin," Landon-Lane told the Australian Broadcasting Corp. "I remember thinking, 'That's close enough now.'"
After jumping into the water, Landon-Lane swam away from the boat and remained completely still. He saw the right whales in the distance twice, and on the third spotting they were heading directly toward him.
"There were a lot of things going through my head, but fear was not high on that list," he told ABC.
"It held that touch for a moment, before backing up with its tail and moving past me," he continued. My thigh was now on another collision course with its pectoral flipper, which gently bumped me sideways as it glided past."
He swam back to the boat where the whales proceeded to make three more swim-bys. Landon-Lane's father, Chris, then joined his son in the water and enjoyed watching the right whales swim by a few more times.
"I want to make it clear that humans touching whales is not OK, and that this whale initiated this contact," Landon-Lane told ABC. "Harassing a whale could be the last thing you do. Whales are curious and intelligent creatures, if you're interesting then they'll hang around."
Humpback whales and southern right whales, one of three listed as endangered under Tasmania's Threatened Species Protection Act, are the two best-known whale species that migrate past Tasmania. The Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Department warn whale watchers not to get any closer than 100 meters.


Make this wonderful soup to serve as a lovely starter for a dinner party or when you feel like you need a little extra heat to help move on a lingering cold. Tom Yum soup is a wonderful aromatic chilli-hot soup. To achieve greater intensity of flavour make the soup a day earlier and re-heat.
Defrost the prawns, if necessary and give them a quick rinse.
Once a wonderful aroma is filling the kitchen, then add the stock.
Add the mushrooms, fish sauce, sugar and lime juice.
Add prawns, as soon as the prawns turn pink (cooked through) serve in soup bowls garnished with fresh coriander and slices of fresh chilli.
Recycled 2-ply white paper napkins, 100% biodegradable. In packs of 100.


TJ's Hidden Veggie Meatloaf (aka Meat Cake) Mama Say What?! | Mama Say What?!
My mom's meatloaf was a favorite meal of mine when I was a kid; slathered in ketchup and served with mashed or roasted potatoes. I'm sure she served a veggie with it, but I probably didn't eat it because I hated pretty much ALL cooked vegetables when I was a kid. Little did I know that she'd hidden veggies in the meatloaf. She didn't reveal this to me until I was an adult and wanted her recipe. Sneaky!
Since becoming a mama, I've worked on creating my own version of this delicious meatloaf, hidden veggies included, and below is the final result after my husband and I have tweaked the recipe over and over.
To celebrate my husband's birthday last year, he joked that he wanted a "meat cake" since he isn't a huge fan of sweets. My kindergartener and I made this meatloaf for him, topped it with mashed potatoes as "frosting," crumbled bacon "sprinkles" and I decorated the top with ketchup in a piping bag. We loved how it turned out so much that it will likely become a requirement for Daddy's birthday every year.
In a large sauté pan, heat up the olive oil over medium heat. Add the carrots, onion and celery and cook them gently for a few minutes.
Add 1 tsp of salt, black pepper, oregano, basil and garlic powder. Stir to combine and cook for a few more minutes.
Add the garlic and mushrooms and stir to combine. Cook for a few minutes until the mushrooms shrink a bit and everything is coated in the spices, the onions should be translucent. If you chose to dice the carrot instead of grate, then check to see that the carrots have begun to soften. Add the wine and balsamic vinegar to the pan and stir to combine.
Take the veggie mixture off the heat and set it aside to cool.
Transfer the mixture to a non-stick loaf pan and smooth it out on top. Bake at 350° F for 1 hour.
If you're planning to add bacon to the top, cook the bacon until crispy. You can do it in the oven with the meat loaf or on your stove.
For mashed potatoes, we've been using these Honest Earth instant mashed potatoes from Costco. They're mighty tasty and are ready to eat in just a few minutes.
When the meatloaf is done, gently pour out some of the fat that's bubbling at the corners. Be careful not to let the meatloaf fall out of the pan! The corners usually shrink a little bit when baking… at least mine always do.
Let it cool for about ten minutes and then serve with mashed potatoes and a side of vegetables. My favs with this are green beans or asparagus. My son and husband like a little ketchup on top, but I prefer barbecue sauce.
If you want to go the Meat Cake route, then top the meatloaf with mashed potatoes while it's still in the pan (after you poured out the fat).
Sprinkle crumbled bacon on top and decorate with ketchup icing. If you want to get fancy, pour some ketchup into a piping bag or a squeeze bottle and make it pretty!
My piping skills definitely need some work, the ketchup was supposed to read "We (heart) U." Lol!
When the meatloaf is done, gently pour out some of the fat that's bubbling at the corners. Be careful not to let the meatloaf fall out of the pan!
Let it cool for about ten minutes and then serve with mashed potatoes and a side of vegetables.
Added by Alex T. on September 18, 2015.


text:
1930s Irish American hurling movie discovered
DANIEL O'CARROLL
An old American cinema movie portraying 'wild Irishmen' playing hurling has been uncovered by a digital media scholar at NUI Galway.
Dr Seán Crosson, director of the Huston School of Film and Digital Media at NUI, Galway, found the humorous movies while investigating how GAA was portrayed in Hollywood. His search ultimately led him to an archive at the University of Madison where he uncovered the discovered films.
The hurling films were in fact two episodes of Sport Slants and Sport Thrills produced by Warner Bros and narrated by celebrated commentator Ted Husing.
The first episode, which was shot in 1931, shows rare footage of a team visit by then All Ireland Hurling champions Tipperary to New York, where they competed in an exhibiton game. The second, from 1932, features the unlikely combination of moose hunting in Wyoming and images of hurling matches played between various New York GAA club teams.
Another uncovered movie was Hurling made by Metro Goldwyn Mayer in 1936 which promised audiences thrills "each time a wild Irishman's skull shatters."
The film scholar described the movies as "of historic importance in charting the course of the Irish American identity". He said that it was evident from the way in which the Irish were depicted in the films that they were viewed as "wild" and "dangerous" during the 1930s.
Copies of the 1930s films have now been acquired by the Irish Film Archive and will be screened during a symposium, presented by the Irish Film Institute, entitled: Ireland's Athletic Assault and Battery? – Hollywood and Hurling , in Kilkenny on August 9th.


The county of Lincolnshire is found in the east of England. With various beaches, market towns and lovely countryside, buying a new home in Lincolnshire is a great choice.
Lincolnshire has a rich heritage and history which can be discovered across the county. See where Sir Isaac Newton and his famous apple tree lived with a visit to Woolsthorpe Manor, while Gainsborough Old Hall is a preserved medieval manor house. Explore the gardens of Doddington Hall and admire Alford Manor House, the country's largest thatched manor house.
There are also various museums in Lincolnshire. Lincolnshire Aviation Centre, the Museum of RAF Firefighting and the Museum of Lincolnshire Life, are just some of the choices to explore when you move here.
Lincolnshire is home to one of Britain's most popular seaside resorts; Skegness. With its traditional pier and long sandy stretches, it really is a highlight of the area. Further seaside fun can be enjoyed at locations like Mablethorpe, Cleethorpes and Grimsby.
The city of Lincoln will welcome you with cobbled streets, Roman ruins and great shopping. Colourful Steep Hill has been crowned 'Britain's best street' and is filled with independent boutiques, coffee houses, fudge parlours and vintage stores.
Lincoln Castle is filled with history dating back to 1068, and is home to one of just four surviving copies of Magna Carta. Lincoln Cathedral is another great place to check out; commissioned by William the Conqueror it's filled with beautiful carvings and art.
Lincoln is just as lively at night. Admire the Floodlit Cathedral and Castle before trying out one of Lincoln's traditional pubs or restaurants. Waterside drinks can be enjoyed at Brayford Waterfront, while a selection of bars to suit every taste can be found across the city.
There are a wide variety of schools for children of all ages throughout Lincolnshire, making all areas great for families.
Lincolnshire has great transport across the country.
London can be reached in two hours from Lincolnshire. The M1, M180 and A1 are some of the major routes into the county.
Those travelling by train will find Lincolnshire easy to reach. Lincoln Railway Station is located on St Mary's Street and there are direct connections provided by Northern Rail, East Coast and East Midlands Trains. Daily services to surrounding areas are quick and efficient with Doncaster reached in 52 minutes,Nottingham in 53 minutes, Peterborough in one hour and 16 minute and Sheffield in one hour and 21 minutes.
There are three major airports nearby; Humberside Airport is around 40 minutes away by road, Robin Hood airport can be reached in around one hour and 25 minutes, while East Midlands takes around one hour and 45 minutes to reach.


Ask Joy: Big Biceps and Brains.
What is the appropriate amount to share with a new boyfriend about a serious relationship in the past?
My first response and the aspect I truly believe is most important: Pray.
Sounds cliché, but I have seen it work in my own life. There were some things I wanted to share with a boyfriend about a past relationship. I didn't want to rush it, but I also didn't want to keep it from him. I had prayed for a few weeks that when the time was right, the opportunity would present itself.
One night we were on a walk in a cemetery (I have a weird thing for cemeteries) and as we were about to leave he said, "Is there anything else on your mind?" It was such a perfect opportunity and I briefly shared that particular piece of information.
However, I don't know the context of "what" you want to share. Some people just like to blab excessively about their past relationships for no reason. Not cool. Others feel an obligation to share some aspects of a past relationship because they feel it will determine if their boyfriend or girlfriend will accept them fully. This is a tough spot to be in because you don't want to keep things from someone you care about, but you also don't want to entrust intimate details of your life with someone until you know they can be trusted.
I made the mistake of doing this with someone who couldn't be trusted and it ended up being a very painful experience.
My guess is that you are referencing physical choices that were made in past relationships. You don't simply want to tell your boyfriend that your X had big biceps and scored a perfect 1600 on his SAT's right? Let's hope not.
First as I said before, pray for wisdom. If this is a new relationship, I would say err on the side of getting to know THIS boyfriend and enjoying the friendship in these new stages. Sometimes in our desire to be fully known, we can over share with someone who may not yet be a safe keeper of our choices and wounds from the past.
Secondly, assess your boyfriend's personality and how he might feel most comfortable. This can best be done with an older couple who knows you both and your relationship. They can help guide you through what is appropriate to share and when.
You see, some guys don't want to know much about your past. This may not be because they don't want to fully know you, but rather because they know their struggles and know if they hear certain details it will be hard for them to get those details out of their head.
So ask yourself, what kind of man is he?
Does he not care about fully knowing you, or does he want to protect your relationship by keeping his mind free of distracting thoughts?
Other guys may want to know everything as a way to process and recalibrate. Many analytical guys can do this. However, make sure he is someone who will be safe with you and your heart. That is why I recommend keeping another couple involved who can help you through this process if it is hard to navigate alone. Just as you will want him to give you grace, remember to give him grace as he processes your past. It may be hard for him, but if he uses your past as a club to make you feel like you are a bad person…then you need to re-evaluate the relationship.
It's a tough situation and can be scary to open up and be fully known.
I pray my advice meets you where you are in your relationship. Most of all, focus on your friendship and enjoying him now. Let your trust of each other build before you dive into the past, but at some point, it is healthy to discuss what parts of your lives made you both who you are today.
i love you, and this is some good advice gurrrl.
i've made the same mistake as telling too much to my past boyfriends and it being this really dramatic experience that neither of us needed at the time because we weren't even that serious yet.
and then also "..pray.." of course.
Leah – I think it all stems out of something good, which is to be known. But like we both found out…it's not really always necessary, tactful or wise right in the beginning. I love you too.
Joy you are very funny. I'm guessing time with you is time spent cracking up. Thanks for the compliment on my name. I was named after the Ethiopian Queen of Sheba. That was all i knew for a long time but I was recently told that it means beautiful. Learning to embrace that meaning isn't easy but I'm trying to see myself the way the Father sees me. Thanks again!