text:
Bremetenacvm Veteranorvm
Fort and Minor Settlement
Bremetenacum Veteranorum The Hilltop Settlement of the Veterans
The name of the fort first appears in Iter X of the Antonine Itinerary, "The route from Glannoventa (Ravenglass, Cumbria) to Mediolanum (Whitchurch, Shropshire)". The name is recorded as Bremetonaci, some twenty-seven miles from Calacum (Burrow in Lonsdale, Lancashire) and twenty miles from Coccium (Wigan, Lancashire). The Notitia Dignitatum of the 3rd/4th centuries supplies the name Bremetenraco, which is listed between the entries Calunium (Lancaster, Lancashire) and Olenacum (Elslack, North Yorkshire), both of which sites are only tentatively identified. The Ravenna Cosmology (R&C#124) of the seventh century lists the name as Bresnetenaci Veteranorum, between the entry for Bravoniacum (Kirkby Thore, Cumbria) and the unknown Pampocalia entry.
When the Domesday Book was produced in 1086, Ribchester was even then known by its modern name and is recorded as Ribelcastre, which translates simply as 'Roman Fort on the River Ribble'; the Roman name had apparently been forgotten in the five-hundred or so years between the end of Roman Britain and the arrival of the Normans in the eleventh century.
The etymology of the name Bremetenacum is difficult, but may stem from the Welsh/Gaelic word brez 'hill' coupled with a form of the Latin teneo meaning 'to occupy, retain, settle'. The full name would therefore be something along the lines of 'the Hilltop Settlement of the Veterans'
The Roman Settlement of Ribchester
The Latin name for Ribchester has the suffix Veteranorum, which indicates that veterans were settled here. When the men of the unit stationed at Ribchester were retired from service, it appears that they were granted the use of the marshland lying close to the fort in the nearby Fylde country. They cut a system of drainage channels and thereby recovered large amounts of rich arable land which was used to grow abundant crops, and to raise cattle and horses.
This land was previously owned by the Brigantes tribe, and may have confiscated during the reign of Antoninus Pius (c.154-5AD), for an aside by Pausanias states:
Antoninus never willingly involved the Romans in War … he also removed much of the territory of the Brigantes in Britain because they had embarked upon an armed invasion of the region of Genounia¹, which was subject to the Romans." Pausanias Description of Greece, VIII.43 3-4.
The location of Genounia is unknown.
Equally, the lands in question may have been held as part of an Imperial Estate since the late 70's, when Cn. Julius Agricola swept through the region during the campaigns prior to his conquest of lowland Scotland, and only allocated later when a clear use for the area had been identified.
The first grants of land to veteran soldiers at Bremetenacum started c.200AD, but the official status of the settlement is uncertain; it certainly was not a colonia, probably not a municipium, though it may have been the centre of an administrative pagus. Other Brigantian territories annexed during the Antonine campaigns were possibly employed to establish the Civitas Carvetiorum in Cumbria. It is also possible that the existing pagus centred on Corstopitum (Corbridge) was up-graded at this time, to form a separate civitas in the north-east of England.
Numismatic Evidence from Ribchester
There have been 151 coins recovered from excavations at Ribchester (including seven illegible copper coins, four of which may be attributed to Vespasian), ranging from six republican silver issues (pre 44BC) to a single copper issue of Valentinian I (Imp. 364-375AD), also 151 casual finds ranging from a single silver republican issue to a gold coin of Gratian (Imp. 367-383). Of the 299 coins which can be dated, 81 of them are Flavian, 43 of the period 259-275AD, 37 Trajanic, 32 Hadrianic, 27 of Constantine and 20 Antonine, with no coins issued after c.378.
A foundation at least as early as Agricola's governorship would appear to beyond question: however, the very large showing of Flavian coins together with not insignificant numbers of pre-Flavian issues [19] leaves alive the possibility of some pre-Flavian activity." (Shotter, p.34)
The Auxiliary Fort
RIB592 - Building stone of the Twentieth Legion
The Twentieth Legion Valeria Victrix built this.
LEG XX V V
FECIT
Huebner did not see the boar on the stone at St. John's College, and wrongly thought that it was different from the stone which Whitaker recorded at Browsholme. There was no such stone at Browsholme in 1936 (R.G.C.).
The original Flavian timber-built fort continued to be occupied throughout the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian, as attested by samian ware dating to both these periods. By the time of Calpurnius Agricola the fort had been replaced in stone. The fort was damaged around 196/7AD and the H.Q. building destroyed, but a Severan inscription records building restorations to both the fort and at least one temple erected outside the defences. Both the fort and its temples were destroyed around 301-306, though repairs were effected at sometime during the mid-fourth century. The last coins from the site are those of Gratian (367-383), and the last dateable pottery was produced in the late-fourth century.
The fort measures 550 by 410 feet (168 x 125 m) within the defences, having an occupation area of just under 5¼ acres (c.2 ha). Defences consisted of a twenty foot wide double-ditch system separated by a narrow berm from the rampart, which was also twenty feet wide and made of puddled clay laid on a raft of oak beams and shingles as a protection against the underlying damp ground. The gateways and corner-towers were of timber, and so it seems, were the original interior buildings, as no traces were found during excavations in 1928.
RIB589 - Dedication to Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus
For the Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus ... and for the Emperor Caesar Lucius Aurelius Verus, ..., Augusti, a detachment of the Cavalary of Upper Germany ..., Sextus Calpurnius Agricola, the emperors' propraetorian legate, (set this up).
IMP CA[ ... ]REL A[... ...]
IMP CA[ ...]EL VE[...]
VEX EQ [... ]IAE [...]
SVP SE[ ...]RN [...]
Calpurnius Agricola was governor of Britain from about 163 to about 166 (Birley in Askew Coinage 81) during the joint reign of Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus (A.D. 161-9). Addenda from RIB+add. (1995): Speidel (Brit. xviii (1987), 233-5) notes that Calpurnius Agricola is now attested as legate of Upper Germany in A.D. 158 (AE 1986, 523).
Severan Reconstruction
RIB593 - Centurial stone of Titius
From the tenth cohort the century of Titius (built) 27 feet of the work.
COH X
𐆛 TITIANA
O P
The adjectival form Titiana should imply that there was a vacancy in the command of this century till recently filled by the centurion Titius (Birley, Cumb. Westm. AAST 2nd Ser. 51 (1951) 71). But Titiana could also be derived from Titianus. In this case the centurion Titianus cited on the leaden tag at Chester (JRS xxi (1931) 250 no. 12 = RIB 2410.7) may well be identical.
RIB591 - Dedication to Septimius Severus, Caracalla, and Geta
[For the Emperor Septimius Severus ...] Augustus [and the Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus ...] Augustus [and for Publius Septimius Geta, most noble] Caesar, ... under Gaius Valerius Pudens, emperor's propraetorian legate.
[... ...]
AVG [...]
⟦CA[...]⟧ [... ...]
RIO [... ...]
AV[ ...]
The two Augusti are Septimius Severus and Caracalla. Geta's names, incl. Ca[esari], were erased in 212. The closest analogy for its restoration seems to be RIB 722 (Brough-by-Bainbridge). Addenda from RIB+add. (1995): Birley and Stephens both rightly object to restoring the legion's name in full; there is no instance from Britain (RIB 589 can be excluded). If o can be read in 4, Birley's neater restoration is to be preferred since 'Germania Superior' is abbreviated in all six instances from Britain.
The columns of the courtyard portico in the principia at Ribchester had deep grooves cut into their sides, which were probably intended as support-slots for timber screens or panels in the spaces between the columns. The elaborate stone forehall of the principia has been dated to the Severan period. The double granary at Ribchester is also worthy of note as two different construction methods were used in the separate halves of the building, one side had stone pillars supporting the floor, whilst the other had only a single sleeper wall which ran longitudinally down the centre of the structure. The granaries had a massive stone loading-platforms jutting out over two metres from the ends of the buildings, which were probably covered by a timber roof. The septic tank into which the latrines drained has been identified, though the latrines themselves have not yet been excavated.
RIB587 - Dedication to Severus Alexander and Julia Mamaea
To ... for the welfare of our Emperor Caesar Alexander Augustus and of Julia Mamaea the mother of our Lord (the Emperor) and of the army, under the charge of Valerius Crescens Fulvianus, his pro-praetorian governor, Titus Floridius Natalis, legionary centurion and commandant of the unit and of the region, restored from ground-level and dedicated this temple from his own resources according to the reply of the god ..
[... ]RO
[...]L IṂ[ ... ] ⟦[...]EX[...]⟧ [...]
[... ...]T[...]IS D N ET CASTR SV[ ...]
VAL CRESCENTIS FVLVIANI LEG EIVS PR[ ...]
T FLORID NATALIS 𐆛 LEG PRAEP N ET REGI[...]
TEMPLVM A SOLO EX RESPONSV [...]
STITVIT ET DEDICAVIT D[ ...]
The left-hand and lower margins survive. The right-hand margin has been dressed off, probably in Roman times. From the broken upper margin three fragments survive ]ro[, ]lim[, and ⟦al]ex[andri⟧ | ...]t[...The deleted letters ex in l. 2 seem to date the text to Severus Alexander (A.D. 222-35). As the governors from 222 to 225 are known (Atkinson, JRS 12 (1922) 71; Birley in Askew Coinage 82), the inscription can be restricted to A.D. 225-35. The phrase ex responsu strongly suggests the cult of Jupiter Dolichenus (Richmond, op. cit. 25).
The Ribchester Garrison
RIB588 - Fragmentary dedication
... , centurion of the Twentieth Legion Valeria Victrix, with his own willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
[.] C LEG X[ ...]
CVM SVIS V
S L M
No commentary.
An altarstone dedicated by a centurion of Legio XX Valeria Victrix is not proof that the legion was stationed here. The Ribchester fort was built by men of the Twentieth, that much is certain (vide RIB 592 supra), but what is also apparent is that it was built for a regiment of auxiliary cavalry, not a cohort of infantry. The unknown dedicator of this altarstone was very likely seconded to the staff of the cavalry prefect, presumably in a senior consultative or advisory position, as he was allowed to take his family along.
RIB586 - Altar dedicated to the Mother Goddesses
To the Mother Goddesses Marcus Ingenuius Asiaticus, decurion of the Second Cavalry Regiment of Asturians, willingly, gladly, and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
[... ...]ṬRIB[...]
M INGENVI
VS ASIATI[...]
DEC AL II AS[...]
[...] S L L M
Perhaps the first occupants of the Ribchester fort were Ala II Asturum, a nominal five-hundred strong auxiliary cavalry unit recruited from among the Astures tribe of north-western Spain.
RIB595 - Funerary inscription of cavalryman of Ala Samartarum
To the spirits of the departed ... decurion (?) of the Cavalry Regiment of Sarmatians ..
[...]C AL SARMATA[...]
This unit was a Sarmatian cavalry regiment who replaced the Second Asturian Wing. This was one unit of perhaps seven, totalling 5,500 tribesmen in all, who were drafted from among the savage tribes living beyond the Danube and sent to Britain by Marcus Aurelius in 175AD. These people had previously held Roman client status, but at this particular time were not under direct Roman control. It has been suggested that Ribchester later became a Roman military horse-breeding/training centre, which drew-upon the particular tribal skills of the Sarmatians.
RIB594 - Funerary inscription for Aelia Matrona, Marcus Julius Maximus, and Campania Dubitata
By this earth is covered she who once was Aelia Matrona (who) lived 28 years, 2 months, 8 days, and Marcus Julius Maximus, her son, (who) lived 6 years, 3 months, 20 days, and Campania Dubitata, her mother, (who) lived 50 years. Julius Maximus, singularis consularis of the Cavalry Regiment of Sarmatians, as husband set up this memorial to his incomparable wife, and to his son most devoted to his father, and to his most steadfast mother-in-law.
HIS TERRIS TEGITVR
AEL MATRONA QVOND
VIX AN XXVIII M II D VIII
ET M IVL MAXIMVS FIL
VIX AN VI M III D XX ET CAM
PANIA DVB[...]TATAE MATER
VIX AN L IVL MAXIMVS
S C ALAE SAR CONIVX
CONIVGI INCOMPARABILI
ET FILIO PATRI P[...]ENTIS
SIMO ET SOCAERE TENA
CISSIME MEMORIA P
Camden assigned it to Ribchester, on account of the mention of ala Sarmatarum.1. Engström (Carm. Epigr. 419) places this among his commatica, or shortened metrical lines, as ll. 1-2, his terris tegitur ... quondam may come from a hexameter.8. A singularis consularis was a 'governor's bodyguard' either mounted (eques) or infantry (pedes), seconded from an auxiliary unit; he also served as a courier and special emissary.10. patri: Huebner regards it as error for pater; Watkin and Atkinson make it depend on pientissimo.11. socaere for socrae, a variant for dative of socrus: see CIL viii 14683 (ILS 6824).
An eighteenth-century historian paints a barbarous picture of the Sarmatiae, which is worth quoting at length:
… The Sarmatians were a savage uncivilized nation, … naturally warlike, and famous for painting their bodies to appear more terrible in the field of battle. They were known for their lewdness, … They generally lived on the mountains without any habitation except their chariots, … They lived upon plunder, and fed upon milk mixed with the blood of horses.
RIB583 - Dediction to Apollo Maponus and Gordian's Own Unit of Sarmatian cavalry
To the holy god Apollo Maponus for the welfare of our Lord (the Emperor) and of Gordian's Own Unit of Sarmatian cavalry of Bremetennacum Aelius Antoninus, centurion of the Sixth Legion Victrix, from Melitene, acting-commander and prefect, fulfilled his vow willingly, deservedly. Dedicated 31 August in the consulship of the Emperor Our Lord Gordian for the second time and of Ponpeianus.
DEO ▸ SAN
[...]POLLIÍ¡NÍ¡I ▸ MAÍ¡PON
[...]O SALVTÍ¡E ▸ D ▸ N
[...] N ▸ EQQ
The title Gordiani dates the inscription to the reign of Gordian (A.D. 238-44). 10. Melitenis: sc. (castris). Melitene, on the River Euphrates, where legio XII Fulminata was in garrison. Addenda from RIB+add. (1995): For the date cf. RIB 882 and 883.
The dedicatory inscription to Apollo shown above, was dedicated by a praepositus regionis, which proves that the local garrison was still considered a special case, and perhaps a potential flash-point, in the middle of the third century. Another dedicatory inscription by a man of this rank has also been unearthed at the Ribchester fort (vide RIB 587 supra).
It was the Sarmatian peoples who, under their tribal identities as Huns, Goths, Vandals and the like, were ultimately responsible for the ruin of the Roman empire in the third and fourth centuries.
Cuneus Sarmatarum – The Formation of Sarmatae
Cuneus Sarmatarum, Bremetenraco
"The Formation of Sarmatians at Bremetenacum."
In the Notitia Dignitatum of the fourth century, the Ribchester entry is listed under the command of the Dux Britannia, curiously under the heading 'upon the line of the Wall', even though Ribchester lies about 70 miles (110km) to the south of Hadrian's monument. The Cunei were small, irregular auxiliary units predominant in the later Roman empire, who sported a variety of weapons skills; the Ribchester Cuneus was a cavalry unit possibly enlisted from among the sons and grandsons of the original Sarmatian veterans who settled in the area.
The Gods of Roman Ribchester
RIB584 - Altar dedicated to Mars Pacifer
To Mars the Peace-bringer ... set this up in accordance with her vow.
PACIFE
RO MARTI
ELEGA VR
BA POS
VIT EX VO
For Mars Pacifer see CIL ix 5060, and Panofka, Arch. Zeit. 15 (1857) 30.
Several gods from the classical pantheon are celebrated at Ribchester. There are single altars dedicated to the war god Mars (vide RIB 584 supra), to the goddess Victory (vide RIB 590 infra), and to the sun god Apollo (vide RIB 583 supra). There is also an altar dedicated both to Mars and to Victory (RIB 585; not shown), and another dedicated to the Germanic Mother Goddesses (vide RIB 586 supra).
In the inscription shown above, the equation SEPR = Sempronius is tentative, and the name cannot be linked with any of the ordinary consuls of the period. This may have been the gens or family-name of the altars dedicator.
Milestones or Honorific Pillars from Ribchester
D N IMP CAES G MESSIO Q DECIO TRAIANO:
"For our lord Imperator Caesar Caius Messius Quintus Decius Trajanus."sup1;"
IMP CAES M ANTONIO GORDIANO:
"For Imperator Caesar Marcus Antonius Gordianus.²"
(RIB 2268; dated: 249-251AD)
The emperor Decius ruled from the death of Philip the Arab in Sep/Oct 249AD until he was killed in Battle against the Goths at Abrittus in Moesia June 251.
The emperor Gordian III was named Caesar (i.e. heir to the emperorship) in March 238AD, two months after his father and elder brother (Gordian I and II) had died during the defence of Carthage. He became Imperator in May the same year, following the murder by the praetorians at Rome of Pupienus and Balbinus, the emperors chosen in opposition by the senate. Gordian was only 13 years old when he became sole emperor, and was to enjoy this position for only six years before he himself was murdered near Circesium in Mesopotamia during February 244.
Ribchester/Bremetenacum in 1969
Excavations conducted in 1969 outside the NW defences of the fort found occupation evidence from the mid/late-1st to the late-2nd centuries AD, including at least two periods in Flavian/Trajanic times and several others of later date. (See: Britannia I (1970) p.281 & plate.XXXIIa).
During excavations over the years a number of animal bones have been uncovered, including those of domesticated Ox, Sheep, Goat and Pig, also game such as Red Deer and Roe Deer; the latter very likely being hunted and killed for sport and to supplement the diet. In addition, various types of fowl, such as Chicken, Goose and Swan were evidently eaten. (See the article: The Roman Military Diet by R.W. Davies, in Britannia II (1971) pp.122-142).
SD649350 – The western defences and part of the interior of the fort were investigated (by Manchester University) in 1970. There were 4 phases of development discernable in the interior investigations: A substantial timber building was the first to be erected on the site, possibly the Flavian praetorium, in which case the original fort faced north. This building was later overlain by a number of barrack-blocks or stables during the Trajanic period. These types of building would have resided in the retentura of the succeeding fort, which therefore faced east. During the late-fourth century the ground went unused, although it is known that the fort continued to be manned by a reduced garrison.
The Structural Phases
The earliest defences were erected around 78AD and consisted of two external ditches and a rampart of turf blocks – each about a foot (0.3m) square – laid upon a timber corduroy foundation, and interleaved with brushwood. A single gateway was constructed of timber and controlled egres through a single carriageway.
During Trajanic times the rampart was cut-back at the front and revetted with a stone wall. At the same time a double-gateway of stone with guard-chambers was constructed, and the inner ditch was back-filled.
At a later period the south gate was blocked off and sharpened stakes were planted in the bottom of the remaining (outer) ditch.
In the last phase, the gateway was completely blocked-up and the building turned into a cook-house. At the same time another ditch with a flat bottom was dug beyond the remaining one. This building phase occurred sometime in the 4th century.
References for Bremetenacvm Veteranorvm
Roman Coins from North-West England by David Shotter (Lancaster 1990) pp.30-36.
Britannia ii (1971) p.255; A.E. 1970;
The Roman Inscriptions of Britain by R.G. Collingwood and R.P. Wright (Oxford 1965);
Map References for Bremetenacvm Veteranorvm
NGRef: SD 649 351 OSMap: LR102/103
Roman Roads near Bremetenacvm Veteranorvm
Iter X: N (14) to Calacvm (Burrow in Lonsdale, Lancashire) ENE (19) to Elslack (Elslack, Skipton, North Yorkshire) Iter X: WSW (8) to Walton Le Dale (Lancashire) SSE (26) to Mamvcivm (Manchester, Greater Manchester)


Museum of Fine Arts, Boston: www.mfa.org – View highlights from exhibitions and permanent collection; shop for art-inspired gifts; become a Museum member; browse upcoming events; plan a visit to the MFA.
F5 Networks has agreed to pay Watchfire an undisclosed sum for its Appshield application firewall purely to kill it in favor of its competing system, Trafficshield.
Time Warner this week said it will "quickly" begin encrypting all data saved to backup tapes after 40 tapes with personal information on about 600,000 current and former employees were lost in transit to a storage facility.
The key to keeping intruders out is to know exactly who's in. This year's awards go to products that have improved the basic methods for authenticating and managing users' identities.
4 28, 2005 | By Curtis Franklin Jr.


text:
Tag Archives: trade
In Mozambique, U.S. announces new African business council members
Officials in the United States have announced the 26 new members of the President's Advisory Council on Doing Business in Africa (PAC-DBIA), which will serve the council's third term through 2021. The appointments were announced by U.S. Department of Commerce Deputy Secretary Karen Dunn Kelley, left, during a U.S.-Africa Business…
Rwanda, Uganda trade denials across the border
Uganda is denying charges from neighboring Rwanda that, among other things, it has arrested and tortured dozens of Rwandan citizens, in the latest round of a diplomatic feud between the two nations that's led to tensions at the border. The Ugandan foreign minister also denied Kigali's allegations that his country…
The U.S. may wish otherwise, but what if Africa has chosen China?
China wasted no time in responding to accusations by top United States official John Bolton's claim that its dealings with Africa are corrupt and predatory. It's an oft-repeated charge, as the U.S. appears to realize too late that Beijing has spent decades courting the continent while Washington was, by and…
IMF trims projections for sub-Saharan Africa, global growth
The new World Economic Outlook report projects that global growth will remain steady over 2018–19 at last year's rate of 3.7 percent, but that's revised down from 3.9 percent earlier this year. "There are clouds on the horizon. Growth has proven to be less balanced than hoped," said Maurice Obstfeld, chief economist…
Ramaphosa, Sall help to close out FOCAC summit
South African President Cyril Ramaphosa and Senegal's President Macky Sall joined Chinese President Xi Jinping in declaring the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing a success as it ended Tuesday. The summit issued the Beijing Declaration (Toward an Even Stronger China-Africa Community with a Shared Future) to advance their…
Cameroon's Biya, Nigerian Buhari head to FOCAC
President Paul Biya of Cameroon met with Chinese leader Xi Jinping on Friday as African heads of state continue to arrive in Beijing ahead of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) summit. Biya said he stressed Cameroon's support for China's Belt and Road Initiative, a global economic strategy at the…
Merkel heads to Senegal, May moves on to Nigeria and Kenya
All eyes have been on British Prime Minister Theresa May during her visit to Johannesburg, where she signed a joint statement on trade with South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini – but on Wednesday, it's German Chancellor Angela Merkel's turn to visit the continent. Merkel begins a three-nation tour…
China's ambassador in SA slams Trump, U.S. on trade
China's ambassador in South Africa took aim at the United States on Wednesday, warning that the U.S. is making the entire world pay for President Donald Trump's misguided trade war and "America Only" foreign policy. "The U.S. is making itself the enemy of the whole world," said Lin Songtian, speaking…
#BRICS2018: Xi speaks out against protectionism in a world at its crossroads
China's President Xi Jinping delivered an address to the BRICS Business Forum on Wednesday that urged leaders to seize an unprecedented moment of global opportunity while warning against the rise of nationalism, a pattern seen in the United States and some European countries. "The next decade will see faster changes…
Nigeria: Buhari, Trump talk trade and counterterrorism
President Muhammadu Buhari of Nigeria became the first leader of a sub-Saharan African nation to meet with President Donald Trump in Washington, where the two discussed counterterrorism and security concerns, bilateral trade and humanitarian issues on Monday. "Nigeria and the United States share a long history of close and cordial…
The African Continental Free Trade Agreement: Making it count for people and planet
With the stroke of a pen, African heads of state gathered in Kigali, Rwanda on March 21, 2018, signed off on the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) deal – which some pundits have characterised as the largest free trade agreement since the World Trade Organization. This signing comes at…
Dr. Richard Munang
Dr. Richard Munang is currently the United Nations Environment Africa Regional Climate Change Programme Coordinator.
China scoffs at news of U.S. inquiry into its African influence
China has defended its role on the African continent, following word that United States lawmakers plan to investigate Beijing's expanding footprint in African nations and across the globe. Devin Nunes, a Republican member of Congress from California and Chairman of the U.S. House Intelligence Committee, said Sunday that as part…
Ramaphosa talks trade as Chinese envoy visits
South African President Cyril Ramaphosa on Friday welcomed Yang Jiechi, Special Envoy of President Xi Jinping of China, as he opened a two-day official visit in Cape Town. Ramaphosa said the re-election of President Xi presented an opportunity for South Africa to deepen its strategic cooperation with China at a…
Turkey's Erdogan begins four-nation Africa tour in Algeria
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan of Turkey began a tour of four African nations on Monday in Algeria, where he met with Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia to discuss cooperation on counterterrorism, energy, and economic development and trade. It is Erdoğan's second visit to Algeria since becoming president in 2014 and he…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Optimise. Rank Well. Reach The World.
While non-optimised websites bring low conversion and limited visibility in the search results, implementing a Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) strategy may significantly improve traffic to your website and conversion rates.


text:
Top 5 Richest Indian Women – 2020
Curious to know richest women of India and their net worth? Hailing from different backgrounds, few women are doing extremely well and successful in some top performing industry segments. Here is a short list of wealthiest women in 2020, facts about their success and accomplishments.
Net Worth: $5.8 billion
Savitri Jindal is Chairperson Emeritus of Jindal Steel & Power. The company enjoys a dominant presence in the sectors of steel, power, mining and infrastructure. According to Forbes, after the death of the company's founder, Om Prakash Jindal in 2005, his wife and the matriarch of the family, Savitri Jindal took charge of the group companies, which are, today, run by her four sons. She also took charge of the late Jindal's political constituency, and was elected as a cabinet minister for the Haryana Government in 2013. She held the office for Minister of State for Revenue and Disaster Management, Consolidation, Rehabilitation and Housing as well as the Minister of State for Urban Local Bodies and Housing.
Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw is the Founder and Executive Chairperson of Biocon, a fully integrated biopharmaceutical company, headquartered in Bangalore. She founded the company in 1978, and is amongst the country's richest self-made business tycoons. According to Forbes, Biocon was the first company to gain approval from the USFDA for two different biosimilars of drugs used in certain cancer treatments. Notably, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw is also the recipient of two national honours: Padma Bhushan (2005) and Padma Shri (1989), along with a host of international recognitions, including Knight of the National Order of the French Legion of Honour, France's highest civilian award.
Smita Crishna-Godrej
Smita Crishna-Godrej hails from one of India's most illustrious business families: The Godrej clan. According to Forbes, she owns one-fifth stake in the family assets, while her daughter Nyrika Holkar is the Executive Director of Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd ('G&B'). As per the company website, she leads the company and its subsidiaries' digital strategy, brand, legal and M&A departments.
Leena Tewari
Leena Tewari or Leena Gandhi Tewari is the Chairperson of USV India, a 58-year-old pharma company that her late father Vithal Gandhi set up with Revlon in 1961. She is a well-known philanthropist, and was placed at #23 on the Hurun India Philanthropy List 2019 for a donation of Rs 34 crore.
Radha Vembu
Radha Vembu is Zoho Mail's product manager, a designation she hasn't changed since 2007, according to Forbes India. She joined the company, which was founded by her brother as AdventNet in 1996, 12 years ago, and since then has worked very hard to make the privately held company a profitable entity. Notably, she holds a graduate degree in industrial management from the elite IIT Madras.
Consistency – An ingredient to Success
Ambani siblings Isha and Akash listed by Fortune in the coveted 40 under 40 list


Project Glimmer inspires at-risk teen girls and women to believe in themselves by letting them know their community cares,supports and wants to empower them to be able to do anything they put their minds to. Project glimmer gifted new or gently used beauty products, jewelry, and accessories during special times in the year such as Mother's Day, Graduation, and Birthdays.
. After all, in the brain, there is confusion and the head becomes thin.
Is there anybody who bites well on the mosquito and blood?
has been used in various health functional foods and supplementary foods.
© 2019 Salon~Spa~Boutique. All Rights Reserved.
At the owners discretion, we reserve the right to require a credit card deposit for all services.


text:
BGT audition released after entertainer's death
The audition tape of a Scunthorpe man wowing Britain's Got Talent judges has been released - after his death, aged 38, in July.
Emotional last interview of Scunthorpe performer
An entertainer from Scunthorpe, who died shortly after auditioning for Britain's Got Talent, has found the fame he longed for.
Martin Morgan had epilepsy, and died suddenly in July. His audition was never shown.
His friend Paul Walker campaigned for it to be released - and he has now put the footage on youtube.
He has also given ITV Calendar a documentary which he was making of Martin - in which the performer vows he will 'never give up'. Helen Steel reports:
Words of inspiration from entertainer shortly before death
Martin Morgan died from Sudden Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) in July.
Earlier in the year he had auditioned for Britain's Got Talent - and wowed the judges.
But he did not make it through to the final round - and his audition was never shown.
After his death, his friend Paul Walker campaigned for the footage to be released, and the production company has now given it to him. He has put it on YouTube and the audition has already had thousands of hits.
Martin was already well-known in his adopted hometown of Scunthorpe, and Paul was in the process of making a documentary about him.
In this moving interview with him, Martin talks about his disappointment at not getting through to the live finals - and how he would never give up:
Unseen BGT audition released after entertainer's death
An audition which never made it to TV has been released by Britain's Got Talent - after the death of an entertainer from Scunthorpe.
Martin Morgan was sent through to the next round by the judges, but he died a few months later in July.
Paul Walker films Martin Morgan for a documentary
He was already something of a local celebrity, with his friend Paul Walker part-way through making a documentary about him when he died from Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy.
Now, after an internet campaign led by Paul, the footage has been released and is causing something of an internet sensation.
Paul also says it's had other benefits. He said: ''Not many people knew anything about SUDEP, and lots of people who have epilepsy have come forward to say they now know the risk factors of SUDEP.''
What is SUDEP?
If a person with epilepsy dies suddenly and unexpectedly, and no obvious cause of death can be found, it is called sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).
The causes have been shown to be connected with seizures. The exact cause is not known and there may be no single explanation. However, it is thought that seizure activity in the brain may sometimes cause changes in the person's heartbeat or breathing. This could cause the person to stop breathing or their heart to stop beating.
Risk factors of SUDEP
It is estimated that SUDEP happens to one in every 1,000 people with epilepsy. There is no way of predicting who will be affected by it. However, some people with epilepsy have a higher risk than others. The single most important risk factor is uncontrolled generalised tonic-clonic seizures. This is a type of seizure that causes the person to lose consciousness. Their body goes stiff and then starts jerking.
SUDEP has occurred in people who had seizures very often, and also in people who did not have them very often. However, the risk is thought to be higher, the more seizures you have. The risk of SUDEP if you are seizure-free is very, very low. And, SUDEP is rare in people who are newly-diagnosed with epilepsy.
For ways to reduce risk factors, click here
ITV Report
BGT audition released in memory of late entertainer
A Britain's Got Talent audition tape featuring an entertainer from Scunthorpe who died suddenly aged 37 has been released by ITV.
Latest ITV News reports
Queen and PM hail servicemen and woman on Armed Forces Day
Barnsley man who died from stabbing named
Summer holidays abroad back on as UK announces major changes to quarantine rules
Man who cost a young boy his leg after a motorbike crash in Hull has been jailed
Teenagers plead guilty to stabbing factory worker to death
Nominations open for 2020 Daily Mirror Pride of Britain Awards
Calendar weather
Over 3,000 'lockdown fines' issued by police in our region
Anger over litter louts trashing beauty spots
Army veteran leaves intensive care in Scunthorpe after 33-day coronavirus fight
ITVBE
ITV Presents
By using this site, you agree we can set and use cookies. For more details of these cookies and how to disable them, see our cookie policy.


text:
Dover College
Dover, England
Location Dover, England
Address Dover College
Effingham Crescent
CT17 9RH
Closest Airport London – Gatwick
Number of Pupils 323
Head Teacher Gareth Doodes
Tuition Fees Full boarding fees, up to seven nights per week: Years 7 and 8 (Age 11+) £8,250. Years 9 to Sixth Form (Age 13+) £10,500.
Dover College is an independent co-educational boarding school located in Kent with a rich history of over 150 years. The School is committed to providing holistic education to its vibrant student community which comprises of international students from all over the world.
The Learning Resource Centre at Dover allows students to use state-of-the art technology and also provides extensive career guidance for university applications. The curriculum is creative and flexible, allowing students to develop academic excellence alongside fulfilling their personal aspirations by providing learning opportunities in linguistics, technological and scientific education, cultural, creative, physical, aesthetic and social education.
Guarantee your child a place at a UK Boarding School with our Boarding School Application Service. Arrange your free consultation and get started today.
The School's co-curricular activities in sports, music, drama, arts and design technology extend learning beyond the classroom, and through the Careers Programme, students receive individual career advice and guidance on GCSE and A-level subject choices, along with information on the UCAS Application process.
The School has four boarding houses available at affordable and flexible rates to both boarders and day pupils. The Priori House offers a safe environment to younger students of ages 7 and 8 years. Warm and friendly care is provided by the resident assistants, school nurses, matrons and tutors.
Scholarship Opportunities at Dover College
ASIS View of Dover College


text:
Leo T – galaktyka karłowata znajdująca się w gwiazdozbiorze Lwa w odległości 1,36 miliona lat świetlnych od Ziemi. Galaktyka Leo T została odkryta w 2006 roku w ramach przeglądu Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Leo T należy do Grupy Lokalnej.

Galaktyka ta jest klasyfikowana jako obiekt przejściowy pomiędzy galaktyką sferoidalną a galaktyką nieregularną, co podkreśla litera T w jej nazwie (od ). Leo T jest jedną z najmniejszych i najsłabszych galaktyk Grupy Lokalnej, jej jasność jest w przybliżeniu 40 000 razy większa niż jasność Słońca. Jednak masa tej galaktyki sięga 8 milionów mas Słońca, co oznacza, że stosunek masy do światła wynosi około 140. Tak wysoki stosunek masy do światła Leo T oznacza, że jest ona zdominowana przez ciemną materię.

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Galaktyki nieregularne
Grupa Lokalna
Gwiazdozbiór Lwa
Karłowate galaktyki sferoidalne
Obiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 2006

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
This website has been built with [Jekyll](http://jekyllrb.com), and hosted on [GitHub Pages](https://pages.github.com)

Website code is contained within the [gh-pages branch](https://github.com/cbmcampbelltown/CBM-Campbelltown-Website/tree/gh-pages).
To edit it, simply fork the repository, and submit a pull request.
The website is automatically generated and updated after every commit to the gh-pages branch.

Documentation for Jekyll and GitHub pages can be found at the above links.

If you are completely new to `git`, please do the following 15 minute [Git tutorial](http://try.github.io).

## Contribute
Please clone the repository and test your changes locally before submitting a pull request.
To do this, you will need to follow the following steps:

### Clone and test the repository locally
- [Install Jekyll (click here for instructions)](http://jekyllrb.com/docs/installation/)
- [Fork this repository to your own account](https://github.com/cbmcampbelltown/CBM-Campbelltown-Website#fork-destination-box)
- Clone the repository from your own account
- Checkout the `gh-pages` branch: `git checkout gh-pages`
- Edit the website files locally on your computer. (Most content is created using [Markdown](https://guides.github.com/features/mastering-markdown/)).
- Run the Jekyll test server: `jekyll serve`
- View the site by going to `localhost:4000` in your web browser

### Push changes and submit a pull request
- When you have edited and tested the website, check to see what files have been changed: `git status`
- If you want to add all changes, run `git add .`
- Now, commit your changes: `git commit -m "Add short description of changes here"`
- Now push your changes back to your personal Github repository: `git push gh-pages`
- Now, log onto Github, and create a pull request back to the main CBM repository
- For more detail, see [this article](https://help.github.com/articles/about-pull-requests/)

For more information, contact David Wales at daviewales AT gmail.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Price includes a one color imprint on these eye-catching sunglasses that provide 100% UVA and UVB protection. Great for all types of community events, printed sunglasses are a great way to get your logo seen. Comes in cello bag packaging.


text:
https://sputniknews.com/20160916/russia-wine-production-increase-1045383389.html
Russian Winemakers Enjoy 25% Production Increase Thanks to Sanctions
Russian consumers have discovered a taste for domestic wine, the Russian newspaper Vedomosti reported on Friday. 16.09.2016, Sputnik International
https://cdnn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/104537/98/1045379878_0:154:3075:1893_1920x0_80_0_0_9e911b7a9bf0289eb60ec554d442f88b.jpg
https://cdnn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/104537/98/1045379878_0:57:3075:1990_1920x0_80_0_0_83ccb46c3b9aa968c92111bd24647caf.jpg
world, russia, news, russia, sanctions
© Sputnik / Aleksandr Pogotov / Go to the photo bankWinemaking in Rostov Region
© Sputnik / Aleksandr Pogotov
Russian consumers have discovered a taste for domestic wine, the Russian newspaper Vedomosti reported on Friday.
French Suppliers Help Crimean Oyster Farm Become Pearl of Black Sea
13 September 2016, 09:09 GMT
Russian vineyards have become the unexpected beneficiaries of US/EU sanctions and Russian counter-sanctions, the Russian newspaper Vedomosti reported on Friday.
According to figures from Russia's Federal and Regional Alcohol Markets Research Center, Russia's wine production increased by one quarter in 2015, and is expected to show similarly high growth this year.
The increase comes despite imported wine not being subject to Russia's food import embargo. This was put in place in August 2014 in response to a series of sanctions against several major Russian companies imposed by the US, the EU and a handful of their allies following Crimea's decision to join the Russian Federation in March 2014 in the aftermath of the Maidan coup.
Russian counter-sanctions affect the import of certain food products, such as cheese and meat products, but not wine. The original decree signed by President Vladimir Putin declared the embargo would last for one year, but it has since been prolonged in step with EU/US sanctions.
A Rotten Policy: Sour Polish Fruit Growers Protest Anti-Russian Sanctions
Speaking to Vedomosti, wine critic Vladimir Tsapelik said that the sanctions led Russians to be more aware of the origin of their food, and to try more domestic produce even when they don't have to.
Tsapelik singled out the red wines Krasnostop Zolotovskiy and Tsimlyanskiy Cherniy from Russia's southern Don region for particular praise.
Wine is produced in several southern regions of Russia including Crimea, where the winemaking industry is enjoying a renaissance thanks to greater investment; last year 289 million rubles ($4.5 million) was invested in new vineyards there, Rossiyskaya Gazeta reported.
In addition to domestic demand, Russian wine is also enjoying recognition from foreign consumers. In July Crimea's oldest winery, Massandra, began shipping its wine to China.
© Sputnik / Sergey Malgavko / Go to the photo bankPaul Shvets' winery in Crimea.
Paul Shvets' winery in Crimea.
On Monday deputy head of Russia's Federal Tourism agency Roman Skoriy told the Russian newspaper Izvestiya that the agency is planning to launch wine-tasting tours for foreign tourists of Crimea, the North Caucasus region, and Krasnodarskiy Kray; 60 percent of Russia's vineyards are located in the latter region.
"We've got good wine and potential. There is, for example, Abrau-Durso and other well-known brands. The next step is to carry out more events to promote it. Then, believe me, a lot of cliches, that Russians don't drink wine and only drink spirits, will change. All it needs is marketing," Skoriy said.


BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018 Oct 25;19(1):386. doi: 10.1186/s12891-018-2269-2.
The effectiveness of training physical therapists in pain neuroscience education on patient reported outcomes for patients with chronic spinal pain: a study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.
Lane E1, Fritz JM2, Greene T3, Maddox D4.
Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA. elizabeth.lane@utah.edu.
College of Health, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine and Director, Population Health Research Study Design and Biostatistics Center, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, Ivester College of Health Sciences, Brenau University, 500 Washington St. SE, Gainesville, GA, 30501, USA.
Chronic spinal pain affects many in the United States and is associated with rising healthcare costs - but not improved outcomes. Education and self-care promotion are hallmarks of the recommended approach for this condition. Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) is a method of educating patients about the neurophysiology of pain that aims to reconceptualize pain from an indicator of damage to an interpretation of input signals by the brain and nervous system. PNE has shown efficacy in controlled situations when delivered by experts, but its effectiveness has not been investigated among trained clinicians in a pragmatic setting.
A cluster randomized trial will randomly assign 16 clinic regions to either receive PNE training or continue with usual care. Patients with chronic neck or back pain will be enrolled to provide outcome data. Measures will be collected at baseline, 2 weeks, and 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function computer-adapted test (PF-CAT). Pre-specified statistical analyses will compare outcomes between clinic regions assigned to PNE treatment or usual care while using random effects to account for region-level clustering.
Pain Neuroscience Education has been shown efficacious for a variety of patient-centered outcomes for those with chronic pain, but it has not yet been investigated outside of controlled settings. This trial has the potential to promote PNE as a low-cost intervention for chronic spinal pain and affect physical therapy education.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03168165 , registered May 30, 2017.


Gymnosperms, meaning "naked seeds," are a diverse group of seed plants. According to the "anthophyte" hypothesis, the angiosperms are a sister group of one group of gymnosperms (the Gnetales), which makes the gymnosperms a paraphyletic group. Paraphyletic groups are those in which not all descendants of a single common ancestor are included in the group. However , the "netifer" hypothesis suggests that the gnetophytes are sister to the conifers, making the gymnosperms monophyletic and sister to the angiosperms. Further molecular and anatomical studies may clarify these relationships. Characteristics of the gymnosperms include naked seeds, separate female and male gametes, pollination by wind, and tracheids (which transport water and solutes in the vascular system).
Gymnosperm seeds are not enclosed in an ovary; rather, they are only partially sheltered by modified leaves called sporophylls. You may recall the term strobilus (plural = strobili) describes a tight arrangement of sporophylls around a central stalk, as seen in pine cones. Some seeds are enveloped by sporophyte tissues upon maturation. The layer of sporophyte tissue that surrounds the megasporangium, and later, the embryo, is called the integument.
Gymnosperms were the dominant phylum in the Mesozoic era. They are adapted to live where fresh water is scarce during part of the year, or in the nitrogen-poor soil of a bog. Therefore, they are still the prominent phylum in the coniferous biome or taiga, where the evergreen conifers have a selective advantage in cold and dry weather. Evergreen conifers continue low levels of photosynthesis during the cold months, and are ready to take advantage of the first sunny days of spring. One disadvantage is that conifers are more susceptible than deciduous trees to leaf infestations because most conifers do not lose their leaves all at once. They cannot, therefore, shed parasites and restart with a fresh supply of leaves in spring.
The life cycle of a gymnosperm involves alternation of generations, with a dominant sporophyte in which reduced male and female gametophytes reside. All gymnosperms are heterosporous. The male and female reproductive organs can form in cones or strobili. Male and female sporangia are produced either on the same plant, described as monoecious ("one home" or bisexual), or on separate plants, referred to as dioecious ("two homes" or unisexual) plants. The life cycle of a conifer will serve as our example of reproduction in gymnosperms.
Pine trees are conifers (coniferous = cone bearing) and carry both male and female sporophylls on the same mature sporophyte. Therefore, they are monoecious plants. Like all gymnosperms, pines are heterosporous and generate two different types of spores (male microspores and female megaspores). Male and female spores develop in different strobili, with small male cones and larger female cones. In the male cones, or staminate cones, the microsporocytes undergo meiosis and the resultant haploid microspores give rise to male gametophytes or "pollen grains" by mitosis. Each pollen grain consists of just a few haploid cells enclosed in a tough wall reinforced with sporopollenin. In the spring, large amounts of yellow pollen are released and carried by the wind. Some gametophytes will land on a female cone. Pollination is defined as the initiation of pollen tube growth. The pollen tube develops slowly, and the generative cell in the pollen grain produces two haploid sperm or generative nuclei by mitosis. At fertilization, one of the haploid sperm nuclei will unite with the haploid nucleus of an egg cell.
Female cones, or ovulate cones, contain two ovules per scale. Each ovule has a narrow passage that opens near the base of the sporophyll. This passage is the micropyle, through which a pollen tube will later grow. One megaspore mother cell, or megasporocyte, undergoes meiosis in each ovule. Three of the four cells break down; only a single surviving cell will develop into a female multicellular gametophyte, which encloses archegonia (an archegonium is a reproductive organ that contains a single large egg). As the female gametophyte begins to develop, a sticky pollination drop traps windblown pollen grains near the opening of the micropyle. A pollen tube is formed and grows toward the developing gametophyte. One of the generative or sperm nuclei from the pollen tube will enter the egg and fuse with the egg nucleus as the egg matures. Upon fertilization, the diploid egg will give rise to the embryo, which is enclosed in a seed coat of tissue from the parent plant. Although several eggs may be formed and even fertilized, there is usually a single surviving embryo in each ovule. Fertilization and seed development is a long process in pine trees: it may take up to two years after pollination. The seed that is formed contains three generations of tissues: the seed coat that originates from the sporophyte tissue, the gametophyte tissue that will provide nutrients, and the embryo itself.
(Figure) illustrates the life cycle of a conifer. The sporophyte (2n) phase is the longest phase in the life of a gymnosperm. The gametophytes (1n)—produced by microspores and megaspores—are reduced in size. It may take more than a year between pollination and fertilization while the pollen tube grows towards the growing female gametophyte (1n), which develops from a single megaspore. The slow growth of the pollen tube allows the female gametophyte time to produce eggs (1n).
Conifer life cycle. This image shows the life cycle of a conifer. Pollen from male cones blows up into upper branches, where it fertilizes female cones. The megaspore shown in the image develops into the female gametophyte as the pollen tube slowly grows toward it, eventually fusing with the egg and delivering a male nucleus, which combines with the female nucleus of the mature egg.
At what stage does the diploid zygote form?
Watch this video to see the process of seed production in gymnosperms.
Cycads thrive in mild climates, and are often mistaken for palms because of the shape of their large, compound leaves. Cycads bear large strobili or cones ((Figure)), and may be pollinated by beetles rather than wind, which is unusual for a gymnosperm. Large cycads dominated the landscape during the age of dinosaurs in the Mesozoic, but only a hundred or so smaller species persisted to modern times. They face possible extinction, and several species are protected through international conventions. Because of their attractive shape, they are often used as ornamental plants in gardens in the tropics and subtropics.
The single surviving species of the ginkgophytes group is Ginkgo biloba ((Figure)). Its fan-shaped leaves—unique among seed plants because they feature a dichotomous venation pattern—turn yellow in autumn and fall from the tree. For centuries, G. biloba was cultivated by Chinese Buddhist monks in monasteries, which ensured its preservation. It is planted in public spaces because it is unusually resistant to pollution. Male and female organs are produced on separate plants. Typically, gardeners plant only male trees because the seeds produced by the female plant have an off-putting smell of rancid butter.
Ginkgo. This plate from the 1870 book Flora Japonica, Sectio Prima (Tafelband) depicts the leaves and fruit of Ginkgo biloba, as drawn by Philipp Franz von Siebold and Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini.
The phylogenetic position of the gnetophytes is not currently resolved. Their possession of vessel elements suggests they are the closest relative to modern angiosperms. However, molecular analysis places them closer to the conifers. The three living genera are quite dissimilar: Ephedra, Gnetum, and Welwitschia ((Figure)), which may indicate that the group is not monophyletic. Like angiosperms, they have broad leaves. Ephedra ((Figure)a) occurs in dry areas of the West Coast of the United States and Mexico. Ephedra's small, scale-like leaves are the source of the compound ephedrine, which is used in medicine as a potent decongestant. Because ephedrine is similar to amphetamines, both in chemical structure and neurological effects, its use is restricted to prescription drugs. Gnetum species ((Figure)b) are found in some parts of Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia, and include trees, shrubs and vines. Welwitschia ((Figure)c) is found in the Namib desert, and is possibly the oddest member of the group. It produces only two leaves, which grow continuously throughout the life of the plant (some plants are hundreds of years old). Like the ginkgos, Welwitschia produces male and female gametes on separate plants.
Watch this BBC video describing the amazing strangeness of Welwitschia.
Gymnosperms are heterosporous seed plants that produce naked seeds. They appeared in the Paleozoic period and were the dominant plant life during the Mesozoic. Modern-day gymnosperms belong to four phyla. The largest phylum, Coniferophyta, is represented by conifers, the predominant plants at high altitude and latitude. Cycads (phylum Cycadophyta) resemble palm trees and grow in tropical climates. Ginkgophyta is represented today by a single species, Ginkgo biloba. The last phylum, Gnetophyta, is a diverse group of plants that produce vessel elements in their wood.
(Figure) At what stage does the diploid zygote form?
(Figure) B. The diploid zygote forms after the pollen tube has finished forming, so that the male generative nuclei can fuse with the female gametophyte.
Which of the following traits characterizes gymnosperms?
The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves.
Reproductive structures are located in a flower.
After fertilization, the ovary thickens and forms a fruit.
The gametophyte is the longest phase of the life cycle.
Megasporocytes will eventually produce which of the following?
What is the ploidy of the following structures: gametophyte, seed, spore, sporophyte?
The Mediterranean landscape along the sea shore is dotted with pines and cypresses. The weather is not cold, and the trees grow at sea level. What evolutionary adaptation of conifers makes them suitable to the Mediterranean climate?
The trees are adapted to arid weather, and do not lose as much water due to transpiration as non-conifers.
What are the four modern-day phyla of gymnosperms?
The four modern-day phyla of gymnosperms are Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, and Gnetophyta.
Gymnosperms by OpenStax Biology 2nd Edition is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.


A rabbinic leader has quit the Conservative rabbinical seminary in Israel, reportedly over its policies toward gay students.
Rabbi Tamar Elad-Appelbaum, a former assistant dean at the Schechter Rabbinical Seminary in Jerusalem, resigned over what is alleged to have been an unfulfilled promise by the school to ordain gay students, The Jerusalem Post reported.
Elad-Appelbaum did not respond to requests for comment.
The Schechter Institute, which includes several educational divisions in addition to the rabbinical school, expressed regret over Elad-Appelbaum's decision to leave.
"Rabbi Elad-Appelbaum contributed enormously to the seminary during her tenure and we wish her every success in her future endeavors," said Rabbi Hanan Alexander, the chairman of the seminary's board of trustees.
The place of openly gay rabbis has riven the Conservative movement for years. Following a decision by the movement's religious law committee, the two Conservative seminaries in the United States moved to admit openly gay students. But the Schechter Institute, the movement's flagship institution in Israel, thus far has declined to modify its policies barring the admission of gay students.
This story "Schechter Rabbi Quits Over Gay Issue" was written by JTA.


Bowmasters – 2D action with nice graphics and gameplay mechanics in the style of "Worms". On the map, two original, sometimes immediately recognizable, characters will use various remote weapons to defeat an opponent. It is necessary to accurately estimate the distance to the target, choose the correct throwing force and then hope that everything has been taken into account. And for training abilities you can go to the training mode and practice in safe conditions.
• 41 MAD SYMBOLS from all sizes absolutely free!
• 41 MISCELLANEOUS WEAPONS for total chaos, terrific deaths with rag doll physics!
• Epic duels with friends. Grab your comrades and show them what you are worth!
• SEVERAL GAME MODES. Kill birds or fruits, defeat enemies in fights and get paid for it!
• FREE REWARDS FOR YOUR SKILLS!


text:
Empathy Is Key To Entrepreneurial Success
Pain. Problem. Passion.
Such are the buzzwords commonly drilled by sagely entrepreneurs to aspiring ones looking for the next big business idea. Search your feelings. Do what you're passionate about, not just what makes money. Stick to what you know. Find your personal pain point, identify the root of the problem, and passion will drive you towards finding the solution to cure the pain.
Internalise.
The advice is sound, of course. Many successful start-ups have been fired up from the depths of the founders' burning forge. Airbnb - the billion-dollar platform which enables people worldwide to rent out their premises to strangers - was started by two guys in San Francisco who couldn't pay their rent. Pinterest was inspired by a co-founder's childhood fascination with collecting insects and leaves.
But internalising is not enough. The best entrepreneurs are those who can externalise as well. They don't just set out to solve a personal pain - they're also trying to solve a major pain for everyone else. And to feel that common pain, you need empathy.
The Trouble Of Over-Internalising
Earlier this year, my partner and I went around casually pitching start-up ideas to our friends. One was a social discovery tool to enable users to post notes about their surroundings and in turn, find out what's happening in their vicinity from other users' notes. The idea elicited mixed responses. We then asked them to specify their personal pain points and start-ups they wished existed. One suggested a gardener listing and hiring app, and another suggested a similar app for barbers (no kidding - and they were smart professionals).
The sessions were fruitful. An interesting lesson learnt was this: beware of over-internalising.
1. Mistaking personal pain as a widespread pain: What may seem to someone as a pain, others may see as a mere inconvenience. The pain points in scarcity of gardeners and long waiting time for barbers may be novel, but too niche and barely scalable on their own. Personally, I have no problems with barbers (or dentists), as I rely on regulars that I'm familiar with well enough to know their non-peak hours or make appointments. My house doesn't have a garden, so no need for gardeners.
Lesson Learnt: Ask yourself whether your pain is felt by others as a real pain, or a mere itch. If it's the latter, then the pain point is likely too miniscule to build up into a business idea.
2. Overlooking existing alternative cures: You've found the right pain. It's a real problem for you, and many others. But what you may not realise is that there are alternative solutions already in existence. When we pitched the social discovery tool idea, immediate comparisons were made to Facebook, Foursquare, Yelp, and so on. Fair point. The web has food review sites with location finder tools in abundance. Everyone can post about anything on Facebook, and tag a location. Our idea had novel differences, of course - but to them, the differences were miniscule.
Lesson Learnt: Do not underestimate the alternative solutions out there. It may not cure your pain directly or completely, but they may good enough to alleviate other people's pain into an itch that can be ignored. Be mindful of competition.
3. Ignoring the side effects to the cure: The pain is real. The cure works. But the cure has side effects that may ruin your overall experience. Is the cure really worth it then? Back to the barber finder app. As we got deeper into the analysis, my friend started having second thoughts: "Hmm, but I don't want other people knowing about my barber, I hope he stays off the grid." Boom! That rips a big hole into the idea. All listing sites suffer from the same inherent adverse side effect. Customers worry that greater popularity of their favourite merchants will increase prices and diminish access. Merchants fear critical reviews and sabotage. It may be that both barbers and customers aren't exactly excited about the app.
Lesson Learnt: The side effects of a new cure may pose greater pain to you and others, in the long run. When one overly internalises, one is overly focused on the present pain, without thinking much about what the future holds. And that's not good.
Grandpa wishes he had a barber finder app.
Tunnel Vision: Missing The Woods For The Trees
The overarching problem with internalising is that it narrows your tunnel vision. As Peter Thiel puts it in 'Zero To One':
"Suppose you want to start a restaurant that serves British food in Palo Alto. "No one else is doing it," you might reason. "We'll own the entire market." But that's only true if the relevant market is the market for British food specifically. What if the actual market is the Palo Alto restaurant market in general?"
The gardener and barber ideas may sound insignificant and silly. Those are just the obvious examples. But here are some real-life start-up ideas already launched in certain markets that face uphill struggles:
A carpooling crowdsourcing platform: The idea seemed to be working well in some parts of the world, especially Europe. But will it work as well in Asia? Car ownership is high. Oil is cheap. Driving is an ingrained habit, even amongst the poor. Hitch-hiking for long distance travel is unheard off. Plenty of cheap alternatives in taxi apps (GrabTaxi, Uber, etc.) Safety remains an issue, even with a ratings system (e.g. a woman boarding a Uber car was raped in Delhi). Governmental policies to encourage carpooling have failed miserably. Practically, there are serious cultural hurdles for this idea to take off just yet. (Perhaps it's all a matter of timing. Given time, the renting culture will catch up in Asia. For someone who finds traffic congestion a personal pain, I do hope the idea takes off, eventually.)
Digital business cards: I find it such a hassle to exchange physical business cards. Once back in office, they'll be tossed into a mountainous pile. I fervently wish people would just move on to digital cards - that way, I can search and sort through them on my phone easily by company, industry, and so on. Then again, business cards are a relic of the past, that no one really cares about. Plenty of alternative ways to keep track of business associates: email and mobile contact cards, and social network (LinkedIn). More of an itch that needs scratching, than a pain that needs healing.
Internalise too much, and you may be making a mountain out of molehill. Internalising too much, and you may be missing the woods for the trees.
Empathy Is Virtue
Externalise. Emphatise. Look beyond your own pain. Put yourself in other people's shoes. Look at the world through their eyes.
Empathy is important, whether you're starting or investing in a new venture. Initially, the founders of Pinterest and Airbnb had trouble pitching their ideas to investors. Why? Because most investors couldn't relate to the younger generation's openness to the renting culture, and the female joy in collecting pretty things. Because they are mostly rich and male. Because they lack empathy.
With empathy, you will see the world in all its multi-coloured splendours. With empathy, ideas will flow, opportunities will come, and business with thrive.
#1 is one of the hardest things to get over. It's so easy to think that because you experience something some way, that that's how everyone experiences it.
Fred | O'Malley Hansen Communications
Raphael Kok April 27, 2016 at 12:30 AM
Yes, we tend to overdramatize our own pain, hence overvalue the potential remedy to our pain.
Same thing about being too focused on a personal passion - it may just be something that only you, and no one else, cares strongly about.


text:
To chat to a member of the Odin team call 0800 030 6881
Catalogue of Fun A-Z
Quote Builder 0
Event Entertainment
Christmas Event Ideas
Corporate Fun & Team-Building
Prop Hire & Theming
Corporate Responsibility - What We Do Matters
We're a team that has been in the event entertainment business for a long time now, which means we know how our customers expect to be treated. Every member of our team is well versed in the language and practice of corporate responsibility which means we know how to act the right way at all times. It's not something that we do because we have to. It's something we do because we respect every single one of our customers and suppliers and are committed to doing right by them. A key part of our culture lies in the practice of continuous improvement that we implement to ensure that we continue to lead our industry for years to come. By looking in detail at everything from our booking and payment systems, to the servicing and maintenance of all of our equipment, we ensure that no stone is left unturned when it comes to providing the best service possible. We feel it's the least we can do.
A commitment to environmental health.
At Odin Events, we understand that the health of the environment has an impact on the health of the community. We are determined to reduce our own carbon footprint and choose to work with and support organisations that share our commitment. We will continue to partner with and promote initiatives that actively support a healthy environment such as GROUNDWORK an initiative that since its inception in .......... has been working to achieve a .........increase in green space in urban areas by 2020.
commitment to donate x amount trees - use below to work out. http://www.carbon-calculator.org.uk/
Tel: 0800 030 6881 | Email: Info@odinevents.com
Free Online Quotation – Click below to send us your requirements!
About Odin Events
Odin News
Job Vacancies 2019
© 2019 Copyright Odin Events
Odin Events is a limited company registered in England and Wales Company No. 07214690
Registered Address: First Floor 231-233 Marine Road Central, Morcambe, Lancashire LA4 4BQ


Dawn's Crafting: Pass! Keys Please!
A little CAS card to share today!
The pretty image is "Keys Please"from Saturated Canary.
Just perfect for a young lady who has passed her driving test!
Well done Kayley! You're a star!
I've used pink gingham cardstock as the base for my A6 card.
I coloured her up with my promarkers.
what a sweet image Dawn and a very beautiful card.
Hi Dawn, you have done some fabulous creations while I have been away and I love them all. Gorgeous card and love the image. Thank you so much for visiting my blog and commenting while I was away.
Great design for passing your driving test cards -love that image - great card!
A fabulous card Dawn, gorgeous pink papers.
This is so darned adorable!!!!!
This is a beautiful creation with great details and perfect for our 'CELEBRATION' challenge. Thanks for sharing your talent with us. Good luck.
So lovely. Love the image. Thank you for joining us at Incy Wincy Challenge!
Uber sweet, I like how you rounded one corner. Nice coloring on your image! Thank you for entering in "Left of Center Creative Challenges."
Gorgeous sweet card Dawn! I love this image, the DP and those hearts. So cute!
This is a lovely card Dawn. The image is gorgeous. Thank you for playing along with us at DigiStamps4Joy 100th Celebrations and a chance to win My Giveaway on my blog. I'll be happy if you drop by my blog and you could be the winner! Have great moments.


On this page you will find house pictures about house with swimming pool kit. Click on one of them to see the house in big. Once you are in the gallery house with swimming pool kit, it's easier and quicker to navigate from one picture to another.


Home / Local Events / Networking Events / Nice to Meat you!
Steak, chicken & burgers were not the only things that sizzled as B4b hosted it's summer networking event on Thursday 21st June. The location was the Ballymun Child & Family Resource Centre in Shangan and it proved to be an excellent venue. As the smell of food cooking on the BBQ wafted in from the sun-trapped courtyard Chairman Robert Murphy opened the meeting by introducing the centres manager Valerie O'Carroll who provided an update on all the great services they provide including the Ballymun Coderdojo that is run from the Centre each Saturday morning. Following Valerie was B4b treasurer Eoin Murray. Eoin updated the group with some examples of where business was being done within the network and beyond that highlighted the benefit of being a member of Bb4. Following Eoin we had Niamh Kelly from Mindful Measures www.mindfulmeasures.ie/about who did a quick pitch about her businesses. Niamh offers effective counselling, psychotherapy and skills training that facilitate wellbeing among clients and equips them to pursue what it is they truly value in life. She also had a special offer for our members on the night.
Liam Barry economic development officer with DCC then provided an update on the Ballymun LAP and the latest developments in the area. There was some very positive news on the disposal of some vacant sites with new developments by Lidl and Decathlon in the pipeline to name but a few. We were delighted to welcome former Ireland International Rugby Player Luke Fitzgerald who is now a treasury dealer with AIB to the meeting and Luke gave an update on Brexit and how it will impact business. Last but by no means least to the stage was B4b member Maureen Byrne from AIB. Maureen is a champion of the power of networking and shared her 'six steps of networking effectively' that will be shared with all our members. Maureen once again encouraged our members to try and meet at least one other member between meetings as you just never know what may come of it.
And so as the aroma of the food being cooked on the BBQ continued to drift into the room Robert closed the meeting by wishing everybody a pleasant summer. It was time to convene to the picnic benches outside where everybody tucked in to some lovely food supplied by Nan's Super Valu, Ballymun. Many of our members hung around chatting, doing business and enjoying the last of the evening sun.
It was a wonderful evening and great to ketchup!
Special thanks to BCFRC for hosting and to everybody who made it a special evening. We will see you again in September with another exciting event.
If you would like to learn more about B4b or are interested in becoming a member please email: info@b4b.ie and our facilitator Catherine will contact you. Alternatively you can fill in the enquiry form located in the members section of this website.


text:
AP 5015 Residence Determination
OAR 589-002-0200
Senate Bill 312 Resident Tuition for Native American/Alaska Native Graduates of Oregon High Schools
Senate Bill 234 Federal Vocational Rehabilitation Education Benefits for Military Dependents
Definition of Residency
When determining in-state tuition and fees, Rogue Community College defines a resident as someone whose permanent residence has been in Oregon for no less than 90 continuous days immediately preceding the first day of classes for the quarter in which residency is being established. Permanent residence is defined as the home a person intends to return to after any absence, and in which one's dependents reside for an unlimited period of time.
Residency Determination
A student's residence determines the tuition the student will pay for classes. The college has three tuition schedules: in-state, out-of-state, and international. Documentation may be required to establish residency. Items that may be considered valid proof of residency include an Oregon driver's license, property tax bill or utility bills (dated 90 days prior to the first day of the term).
Students who cannot provide any one of the appropriate documents will be charged tuition as determined by the College Registrar, or designee.
In-state: A students billing method will be in-state if one of the following requirements is met:
Has maintained a permanent address in Oregon for at least 90 continuous days prior to the first day of the school term.
Is a resident of Oregon who left the state for summer employment.
Is a resident of California, Idaho, Nevada or Washington.
Is a nonresident Native American or Alaska Native undergraduate and graduate students who graduated from an Oregon public or private high school.
The following veteran's, active duty military services member or dependents of military services members shall be charged the in-state tuition rate, or otherwise considered a resident, for tuition and fees purposes:
A veteran using educational assistance under either chapter 30 (Montgomery GI Bill - Active Duty Program) or chapter 33 (Post-9/11 GI Bill), of title 38, United States Code, who lives in Oregon while attending a school located in Oregon (regardless of the student's formal State of residence) and enrolls in the school within three years of discharge or release from a period of active duty service of 90 days or more.
Anyone using transferred Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits (38 U.S.C. § 3319) who lives in Oregon while attending a school located in Oregon (regardless of the student's formal state of residence) and enrolls in the school within three years of the transferor's discharge or release from a period of active duty service of 90 days or more.
Anyone described above while remaining continuously enrolled (other than during regularly scheduled breaks between courses, semesters or terms) at the same school. The person so described must have enrolled in the school prior to the expiration of the three year period following discharge or release as described above and must be using educational benefits under either 31 chapter 30 or chapter 33 of title 38, United States Code.
Anyone using benefits under the Marine Gunnery Sergeant John David Fry Scholarship (38 U.S.C. § 3311(b) (9)) who lives in Oregon while attending a school located in Oregon (regardless of his or her formal State of residence).
Anyone using transferred Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits (38 U.S.C. § 3319) who lives in Oregon while attending a school located in Oregon (regardless of the student's formal state of residence) and the transferor is a member of the uniformed service who is serving on active duty
A permanent resident of Oregon or a dependent of an Oregon permanent resident service member who is currently stationed for military duty outside of Oregon.
Out-of-state: Students who list their permanent addresses outside of Oregon must pay out-of-state tuition. This includes:
Students who list their parents' address as outside Oregon and who are claimed as dependents by their parents on their income tax return.
Alaska residents who wish to receive the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend while attending RCC and must maintain their out-of-state residency status.
Non-citizens on a visitor's visa.
International Students who are citizens of another country and are attending RCC on a student visa will pay the international tuition rate.
Right To Appeal
Students who have been classified as non-residents have the right to a review of their classification. Any student, following a final decision of residence classification by the College Registrar may make written appeal to the Vice President of Student Services within 7 working days of notification of final decision by the college regarding classification.
Appeal Procedure
The appeal is to be submitted to the College Registrar which must forward it to the Vice President of Student Services within 7 working days of receipt. Copies of the original application for admission, the residency questionnaire, and evidence or documentation provided by the student, with a cover statement indicating upon what basis the residence classification decision was made, must be forwarded with the appeal.
The Vice President of Student Services shall review all the records and have the right to request additional information from either the student or the Admissions Office.
Within 10 working days of receipt, the Vice President of Student Services shall send a written determination to the student. The determination shall state specific facts on which the appeal decision was made.
The Request to Establish Residency Status form is to be submitted to the Enrollment Services department.
Requests must be submitted prior to the quarter for which reclassification is to be effective. Extenuating circumstances may be considered in cases where a student failed to petition for reclassification prior to the residency determination date. In no case, however, may a student receive a non-resident tuition refund after the date of the first census.
Documentation will be required of the student in support of the reclassification request.
The College Registrar will make a determination, based on the evidence and notify the student not later than 10 days of receipt of the petition for reclassification.
Students have the right to appeal according to the procedures above.
Non-Citizens
Rogue Community College will admit any non-citizen who is 18 years of age or a high school graduate. International students attending on a student visa must meet additional admission requirements. See AP 5012 – International Students
The initial residency classification will be made at the time the student applies for admission. Students may submit prior to the quarter the Request to Establish Residency Status form to the Enrollment Services department. Final residency determination is made by the College Registrar. Students may appeal the decision.
International students on a visitor's or student visa do not become residents, regardless of the length of their residency within the state.
Approved: June 2, 2020


The Scottish Highlands is a great slow travel destination. This gives you a few ideas of some unusual things to do while you are there.
I don't know if renting a car qualifies as something to do, but if you don't have a car in the Highlands you will not be able to get around properly. I will confess, I have never driven on the left. Mike does all the driving. But, if you take the leap–I have a very detailed blog post here on "Renting A Car and Driving In Scotland".
We drove by this castle at least 5 times before we finally figured it out. It wasn't in our guidebooks and we did not see any signs or names. After some intense searching we found the name–it is called Castle Stalker .
It is privately owned and still used as a part time residence by the owners today. Access to this little gem is by private tour only. You book by email or phone. It's a very small group and there are only limited times of the year they conduct the tours.
You are ferried over by boat and given a tour by Alasdair, son of the original owner.
The castle has a fascinating history of mayhem, murder and a card game. It also had a role in Monty Python and The Holy Grail, probably what it is most famous for. Alasdair, was an extra in the movie and has some good stories to tell. The castle also has a fascinating history. You will not be disappointed.
Orkney lies a few miles off the north coast of Scotland. "Heart of Neolithic Orkney" is a group of Neolithic monuments including the Ring of Brodgar, that are considered UNESCO World Heritage Sites. We spent a day there with a tour company called, "Wild About Orkney". Rosemary was our guide and was fabulous. They organize everything including the ferry.
The ferry leaves from a little town called Scrabster. We stayed at a quaint little inn the night before appropiately called, "The Ferry Inn". Free breakfast is also included at the Upper Deck next door. It's a short walk to the ferry from the Inn.
An upgrade to the Magnus Lounge on the ferry is included with the tour. In the lounge you get drinks, snacks, wifi, and comfy chairs.
I was a little torn about putting this on the list because of what it takes to get there.
Basically, it's 2 ferries, a boat and a bus and 1 very long day, for 1 hour on a remote island to view a cave and take a picture. The only company I know of is Staffa Tours. But, walking to the cave and seeing it is a once in a lifetime experience.
You could just stroll down the Royal Mile in Edinburgh but you would miss many interesting things, including why you should rub this guy's toe. There are plenty of free walking tours, or we took a self guided tour by Rick Steves. Just download it to your phone, pop in your earphones and off you go.
Part of the goal of this list, is to help you explore areas you might not go. Going to Dornoch in the Highlands will take you through some cute little towns, beautiful lochs and some gorgeous country roads.
We found this great coffee shop, with the best latte I have ever had in the entire Highlands! They are known for their hot chocolate and gourmet sweets. Dornach sits on the east coast of the north Highlands that runs from the Moray Firth up to Sutherland. The whole Sutherland area is lovely, and when we go back, it's definitely where our home base will be.
These magical looking guys are in Falkirk and definitely worth a stop. They are the largest equine sculptures in the world. There are guided tours, a small visitor center and a nice little park are called The Helix. We made a quick stop–but there looks to be some little boats you can cruise on and a small little food truck cafe.
287 steps to be exact and I felt every last step in my legs for days. But you won't be disappointed- you will be rewarded at the top with a view of Edinburgh to die for. And at 3 pounds, it's a bargain. There are 4 levels (very small levels) where you can rest if needed.
I know it doesn't sound very interesting but actually it is. It is fascinating to watch 5 locks open, close and fill up as boats have to maneuver through each one. It's like an hour long boat ballet. The bonus is Fort Augustus- which lies right on Loch Lomond there you can catch tours of the Loch and Urquhart Castle. Have lunch at some of their cute little restaurants.
Queen Margaret's Bower is located in Linlithgow Palace, better know as the birthplace of Mary Queen of Scot's. The beautiful ruins house an ornate fountain and elegant architecture. But climbing to the top of the palace, although a bit tricky, should not be missed. The view of the castle, loch and area is great. As far as castles and palaces go, this has to be on my Top 5, and we have see lots of castles.
There has to be some unwritten Highland law that says you must find a Coo and take a picture. They are awesome 'wee beasties' to see close up. Although the Coos are everywhere, pulling over in the middle of a two lane highway isn't always the best move. Lucky for us, when we were on Orkney, our tour driver spotted these guys and pulled over.
But then that hunt is half the fun, right?
Until next time. Keep exploring…..
Stayed a week in Dormoch last spring for golf. Charming town. I hope Mike did not miss the Dormoch Castle Hotel, Scotch bar? Self proclaimed worlds finest Scotch selection.., I think they may be right. Something like 350 choices … some very very old. And on the way out of town is Glenmorangie… one of my all time favorites. Cheers Laddie!
We were actually there to see a cathedral, we parked in front of the Scotch bar and I even took a pic. But we had a 2 hour drive ahead and it was late and I couldn't convince him to stop. We go back in April for NC 500 and will stop.
But have no fear– I think he has already sampled 299 of those wee drama on his own anyway!!! Thanks for stopping by!!


text:
Home Press Coverages Rajan Zed conferred "Interfaith Peace & Leadership Award" by Greek Orthodox Christian...
Rajan Zed conferred "Interfaith Peace & Leadership Award" by Greek Orthodox Christian Church
In a remarkable interfaith gesture, Saint Anthony Greek Orthodox Church in Reno (Nevada) presented distinguished religious statesman Rajan Zed with "Interfaith Peace & Leadership Award".
Citation of the Award; presented to Zed by Presiding Priest Reverend Father Stephen R. Karcher in a ceremony held in the briefing room of Reno Police Headquarters; said: For his commitment and initiatives contributing to nurturing interfaith understanding and peace among communities both locally and globally.
The citation gave further reasoning of the award to Rajan Zed as: For his advancement of public interfaith dialogue through his courageous and tireless activities; For his exemplary and on-going efforts to create interfaith harmony; For his efforts to create interfaith spaces to allow for education and dialogue among different groups; For promoting oneness of humanity; For his single-minded focus on the values that unite us; For his demonstration of leadership in bridge-building across diverse communities; For championing understanding and peaceful coexistence among followers of all different faiths; For emphasizing the values of religious pluralism, mutual respect, and inclusion.
"With gratitude for your friendship, we pray for your continued success and progress with all your endeavors", Karcher stated about Zed.
Global religious statesman Rajan Zed has taken-up interfaith, religion, European Roma (Gypsies), and other causes all over the world. He has read opening prayers in the United States Senate and US House-of-Representatives in Washington DC; various State Senates, State Houses-of-Representatives, County Commissions, City Councils all-over USA; covering 292 legislative bodies in 43 states. He was invited by the President of the European Parliament in Brussels (Belgium) for a one-on-one meeting to promote interfaith dialogue.
Zed, who is President of Universal Society of Hinduism, had been panelist for "On Faith", a prestigious interactive conversation on religion produced by The Washington Post; and has been producing weekly interfaith panel "Faith Forum" in a Gannett daily for over 11 years.
Saint Anthony Greek Orthodox Church in Reno (Nevada) is a parish of Metropolis of San Francisco, which is in the district of Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America in New York, which is an Eparchy of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in Istanbul (Turkey) headed by Bartholomew. The Greek Orthodox Church has reportedly about 1.5 million adherents in the USA, while the Orthodox Church has about 250 million followers worldwide. Saint Anthony Greek Orthodox Church is "a place of worship, teaching, fellowship & love".
Greek Orthodox Christian Church
Interfaith Peace & Leadership Award
Previous articleMTV Beats hits the right notes this Ganeshotsav with Bappa Beats!
Next article'Aakrosham' is a complete package rich in Navarasas: Producer CH Satish Kumar


text:
Terraria tModLoader to Become Official Free DLC when Journey's End Update Launches
by Ryan Pearson on April 30, 2020 at 10:32 AM, EDT
Re-Logic have announced fan-made Terraria mod installing tool tModLoader will be available as free DLC when the Journey's End update launches.
The developers have teased new features coming to the final update across Twitter and Discord since it was first announced.
Cataloged by the fan-made Terraria Gamepedia, these include "a form of creative mode," new biomes, new weapons, new furniture sets, new minions and pets, new traps, new blocks, the ability to "block swap" without having to mine older blocks and place new ones, new enemies and critters, new graphical effects, a master difficulty mode, and more.
Now, Re-Logic have announced [1, 2] the fan made tModLoader will be available as an official piece of free DLC via Steam when Journey's End launches.
"We are just shy of three weeks out from the highly-anticipated release of Terraria: Journey's End, and we know that as the anticipation builds, so will the excitement! Well, allow us to add more fuel to that fire with the official announcement that the long-standing 'Terraria mod to make and play mods', tModLoader will be coming to Steam as a free DLC for Terraria alongside Journey's End!
Though fully-integrated official mod support is not something that is feasible within the Terraria codebase, tModLoader has served faithfully as that 'bridge' between the main game and the amazing library of player-created mods that exists for Terraria. With this launch, modding has never been more visible or accessible for Terrarians – so, if you have not ever tried out modded Terraria, there is no time like the present!
The launch version of TML for Steam will be based on the 1.3.5 version of the game – as will all of the currently-available mods out there. This will allow for players to continue to enjoy modded Terraria uninterrupted while they can also separately dive into all that Journey's End/1.4 has to offer on the vanilla side of the fence. The TML Team will be working diligently to get a 1.4-tier TML out as quickly as possible on Steam so that, as mods are updated to the 1.4 standard, support for them will already be available."
[…] "The Re-Logic team felt strongly that with Journey's End being the final major content update to Terraria, there was no better way to tie things off than to hand the keys over to the fans. With tModLoader and a stable foundation to work from in 1.4, modders are now free to explore any number of ways that the game might be interpreted or experienced. We cannot wait to see where you take this wonderful world that we have created!"
While Re-Logic and the TML Team emphasize that users install and use mods at their own risk, the forum post continues, stating there are "future plans" will include Steam Workshop support "underneath the TML banner." This means Terraria mod creators will be able to upload and host their mods via Steam.
The Journey's End update launches May 16th on PC. In other news, Terraria recently achieved 30 million copies sold.
You can find the rundown on the game (via Steam) below.
Dig, Fight, Explore, Build: The very world is at your fingertips as you fight for survival, fortune, and glory. Will you delve deep into cavernous expanses in search of treasure and raw materials with which to craft ever-evolving gear, machinery, and aesthetics? Perhaps you will choose instead to seek out ever-greater foes to test your mettle in combat? Maybe you will decide to construct your own city to house the host of mysterious allies you may encounter along your travels?
In the World of Terraria, the choice is yours!
Blending elements of classic action games with the freedom of sandbox-style creativity, Terraria is a unique gaming experience where both the journey and the destination are completely in the player's control. The Terraria adventure is truly as unique as the players themselves!
Are you up for the monumental task of exploring, creating, and defending a world of your own?
Sandbox Play
Randomly generated worlds
Free Content Updates
Terraria is available on Windows PC, Mac, Linux (all via GOG, and Steam), Nintendo Switch, Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PS Vita, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, Android, iOS, and Windows Phone.
Re-Logic, Terraria
About Ryan Pearson
Ryan was a former Niche Gamer contributor.


While other walleye anglers panicked as "artificial only" tournaments emerged, Ranger Pro Staffers Troy Morris and Corey Heiser of North Dakota not only embraced it, they kicked it up a notch. The duo formed "Artifishalleyes" and launched a team with a mission to pursue the big toothy fish with ONLY artificial baits—all tournaments, all bodies of water—even if rules allowed live bait.
The result? More confidence and better out-of-the box thinking, they enjoyed a second place finish at the MWC Big Stone lake tournament and earned the MWC win recently at Devils Lake.
The two make a great team.
Troy Morris was running about 80% artificial before this decision; already convinced it was the right direction. "I can get a lot more cast-and-retrieve presentations with artificial than with live bait, because I don't have to stop and check. I know my bait is there," said Morris. He has watched the light come on for others, how artificial baits give more time in the water.
Morris and Heiser prove it in a competitive format, a controlled environment for conditions and bite. "It gives proof and credibility to what we're trying to do when we succeed in a tournament," continued Morris.
Artifishalleyes.com hosts videos of how to set up various presentations on their website at artifishalleyes.com and the team shares their information via social media outlets like their Facebook page.
Many anglers believe the myth that a minnow, leech or crawler is the only way to trigger a walleye bite. "The biggest challenge for everyone is stepping outside of their comfort zone," said Heiser. His go-to baits are the Berkley Ripple Shad, Berkley Flicker Shads and Flicker Minnows as well as hair jigs. His strategy is not to mirror the live bait forage.
"Ranger has played a big part in our success in the artificial bait program because boat control is essential," said Morris. "The Rite-Track Keel design allows us to control our boats in a very specific way." Morris and Heiser rotate using each other's boats for tournaments; Troy has a Ranger FS 620 and Corey has a Ranger FS 621. "Being with Ranger Boats is the best," said Corey. "You're at the top of the line. It's nice to be in the best boat in the marketplace made by the best boat company in America." Troy is not just on the pro staff but is a Ranger and Stratos Boats sales rep in the territory of Dakotas, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho and northern Minnesota. The superior handling—with ability to hold spot-on-spot control—is one of the advantages of fiberglass over aluminum boats, but especially the quality of a Ranger Boat.


Ford, the second-largest U.S. automaker, competes with bigger rival General Motors Co. and Chrysler Group LLC to keep pickups fresh because the trucks earn higher margins than other vehicles. Large pickups generate $8,000 to $10,000 each in gross profit, Morgan Stanley estimates. The F-Series sales lead over GM and Chrysler pickups has expanded in 2013 even as those competitors introduced redesigned models in the past year.
Ford hasn't confirmed that new F-Series pickups are coming next year and will have more to say about its plans for 2014 "over the next couple months," Hinrichs said.
The company's Claycomo assembly plant will prepare for building new trucks in March and April and shift to producing them in November next year, said Brian Johnson, a Chicago-based analyst at Barclays. Its Dearborn, Mich., truck factory will shut down completely in June, he said, citing IHS Automotive's analysis.
Ford earned $7.08 billion in North America through the year's first nine months, up from $6.47 billion a year earlier. The automaker has forecast that annual profit in the region will be higher than last year's record $8.34 billion, with a margin of about 10 percent.