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Home > Printer-friendly > ElectroPure Wins First Place $26,000 Prize in Innovation Challenge
ElectroPure Wins First Place $26,000 Prize in Innovation Challenge [1]
Julie Bliss Mullen
ElectroPure, a venture created by Ph.D. candidate Julie Bliss Mullen of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, won the $26,000 first prize in the finals of the University of Massachusetts Innovation Challenge on April 6. Mullen has developed a water treatment device at a competitive price and aimed at homes and small community systems such as schools to combat diverse water quality issues.
In fact, two of the seven finalists in the Innovation Challenge were from the College of Engineering. This year-long series of entrepreneurial competitions climaxed in the Campus Center Amherst Room, where the seven teams competed for $65,000 in funding to support their ventures.
The other College of Engineering finalist was ARBioDesign, created by Rune Percy and Alex Smith of the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department. ARBioDesign is developing a device that can quickly, easily, and inexpensively analyze a drop of blood to improve current, outdated dialysis treatment.
Ph.D. candidates Felipe Navarrete, Pablo Visconti, Ana Maria Salicioni, and David Martin won the $20,000 second prize with StarSperm, a product that addresses male fertility issues.
Ag Rowe Intelligence, proposed by Paul O'Connor and Levi Lilly, won $19,000. Ag Rowe Intelligence makes automated data collection and analysis systems for agricultural research, production greenhouses, and golf courses.
The Innovation Challenge is a series of competitions designed to help and reward UMass students and young alumni who want to pursue novel business ideas and develop them into marketable products. The Berthiaume Center, which sponsors the Innovation Challenge, received 25 competitive applications for the recent semi-final held on March 1, out of which the top seven teams of entrepreneurs on campus were selected to compete in the final.
According to the Berthiaume Center, the audience at the Innovation Challenge Final heard pitches "from the greatest variety of ventures we have seen thus far that take their roots in departments all over campus. The finalists include six Ph.D. candidates, one Master's student, and 10 undergraduate students in Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, Management, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, Veterinary and Animal Sciences, and Chemistry." (April 2017)
Source URL: https://engineering.umass.edu/news/electropure-wins-first-place-26000-prize-innovation-challenge
[1] https://engineering.umass.edu/news/electropure-wins-first-place-26000-prize-innovation-challenge


text:
Industrial-Grade Realism about Beliefs That P
I favor a dispositional approach to belief according to which believing something resembles having a personality trait. You believe, or you have a personality trait, to the extent you have a dispositional profile that approximates a certain ideal. To be extraverted, for example, is to be disposed, in general, to enjoy parties, to like meeting new people, to be talkative in social contexts, etc. Similarly, to believe that women and men are equally academically intelligent is to be disposed, in general, to affirm that it is so, to expect academically intelligent remarks from women no less than men, to be as ready to hire a woman as a man for a job requiring academic intelligence, etc. To believe that there is beer in the fridge is to be disposed, in general, to act and react beer-in-the-fridge-ishly (going to the fridge if one wants a beer, etc.).
(Historically, dispositional approaches are rooted in the behaviorist tradition, but my own dispositionalism focuses not just on behavioral dispositions but also phenomenal dispositions [e.g., not reacting with a feeling of surprise] and cognitive dispositions [e.g., engaging in a pattern of conscious reasoning that only makes sense on the background assumption that P is true].)
My view is a kind of soft instrumentalism: The belief that P is not some thing in the head. Rather, when we attribute a belief, we are using a shorthand that approximately captures, in Daniel Dennett's phrase, a "real pattern" in a complex landscape of potential actions and reactions. Believing that P no more requires a real stored representation with the content "P" than being an extravert requires a switch flipped to "E" in your personality-settings box.
There's an alternative view that I will label industrial-grade realism (again adapting a phrase from Dennett). According to industrial-grade realism, believing that P normally requires that a representation with the content "P" be stored somewhere in the functional architecture of the mind, ready to be activated and deployed when one does belief-that-P-ish things like, in our examples, criticizing a colleague's apparent sexism or strolling over to the fridge for a beer. Industrial-grade realism seems to undergird Jake Quilty-Dunn and Eric Mandelbaum's recent critique of my dispositionalist account, and was perhaps most prominently advocated by Jerry Fodor (e.g., in his 1987 book).
To my ear, the following four theses seem to be implicit in the industrial-grade realism of Fodor, Quilty-Dunn, and Mandelbaum. If not, I'd be interested to see textual evidence that they reject them.
Presence. In normal (non-"tacit") cases, belief that P requires that a representation with the content P be present somewhere in the mind.
Discreteness. In normal (non-"marginal") cases, a representation P will be either discretely present in or discretely absent from a cognitive system or subsystem.
Kinematics. Rational actions arise from the causal interaction of beliefs that P and desires that Q, in virtue of their specific contents P and Q.
Specificity. Rational action arises from the activation or retrieval of some specific sets of beliefs and desires P1…n and Q1…n and not from possibly closely logically related beliefs and desires P'1…m and Q'1…m.
[Beliefs that P, hard at work]
These four theses combined constitute a commitment to a very specific type of cognitive architecture. This architecture seems to me to be rather in keeping with the old-fashioned cognitive science and computer science of the 1970s and 1980s -- so it's easy to see why Fodor would have been attracted to it. It fits less easily, however, with deep learning, statistical approaches to memory of visual ensembles, and other recent approaches according to which cognition proceeds by means of processes that are highly complex, not especially language-like, and don't employ representational structures that map neatly onto the types of belief contents that we normally attribute to people (like "there is beer in the fridge").
Let me pose, then, this trilemma for industrial-grade realists:
(1.) Commit to the four theses and the seemingly old-fashioned cognitive architecture. Downside: This would be a risky empirical bet against some powerful recent trends.
(2.) Allow the possibility that the underlying representations are very different in structure and content than "women and men are intellectually equal" and "there's beer in the fridge". Downside: It is no longer clear what the causal story is supposed to be, about which realism is true. Heading to the fridge for beer because one believes there is beer in the fridge is now no longer explained by accessing a representation with the content "there is beer in the fridge". Furthermore, closely related views might also require major revision. Having specific propositional contents that can be verbally expressed and shared among people is part of the picture behind, for example, Fodor's anti-holism (see also my critique of Elizabeth Camp). Specifically P and not-P contents also seems central to Mandelbaum's contradictory-belief account of implicit bias.
(3.) Thread the needle: Go for something weaker and less architecturally commissive than the four theses, yet strong enough to be a substantive empirical commitment to the real causal power of representations of P when we believe that P. Downsides: As far as I can tell, both of the above.
The dispositional approach to attitudes is superficial in a certain respect: It doesn't commit to any underlying architectural implementation. As long you have the appropriate dispositional patterns of action and reaction, you believe, whatever unintuitive haywire architecture lies beneath. This superficiality is a virtue, not a vice. In cognitive science it leave questions open which should remain open about the underlying architecture, and it keeps the focus on what we philosophers and ordinary belief-ascribers do and should care about in thinking about belief: how we act in and react to the world.
Posted by Eric Schwitzgebel at 11:20 AM
Labels: belief
James of Seattle said...
A recent paper by Paul Cisek ("Resynthesizing behavior through phylogenetic refinement") introduced to me the concept of "pragmatic representation", in which, instead of representing "there's a beer on the fridge", the representation is more like "given a desire for beer, walking to the fridge, opening the door, etc., would be a good thing to do". So again, a representation, but not so much of objects as actions. Would this be useful in the context you write about here?
Thu Aug 01, 01:09:00 PM PDT
Thanks for the comment, James! The idea of pragmatic representations in general seems reasonable; but I would worry adopting an architectural commitment to one with that sort of folksy content.
I've been thinking about this with respect to natural-language-generation AI tools like GPT-2. They've recently gotten a lot better, to the point where they make sense for two or three sentences in a row, and manage to more-or-less stay on topic. If you input a list of questions and answers and end with a question, the first thing it generates is often the correct answer.
However, it will also often contradict itself, because this is all based on statistics and it doesn't have any kind of checks that it is maintaining any kind of consistency. All its "beliefs" as expressed in what it says are implicit in the probabilities of generating a particular word, and depending on how the question is asked, its expressed "beliefs" are different. So does the system even have beliefs? And if not, maybe I don't either, and I just have a propensity to reply in a particular way if the question is asked in the right way.
Fri Aug 02, 07:27:00 AM PDT
jed said...
I like this approach and will read the paper (from 2002!). I'm pretty sure it is compatible with the cognitive architecture we've started to see emerging from deep learning experiments.
The consistency issues raised by D certainly need to be addressed within this emerging cognitive architecture. Happily we have adequate evidence that they can be without reintroducing anything equivalent to "propositions". See for example the recent success of deep learning approaches to addressing the "Winograd schema" cases -- long distance purely semantic consistency requirements between parts of a sentence (or paragraph, or...)
But as a non-philosopher I wonder how dispositional accounts can handle the existing philosophical burdens normally loaded onto beliefs (or more generally propositions). Personally I mostly don't find the current accounts credible so would very much like to see alternatives built using this approach.
I think very broadly rejecting accounts dependent on propositions *as cognitive content* is the right way to go -- adopting instead a dispositional framework. (Has this been worked out as a general alternative? If so references would be helpful.) My sense is that this would be a tectonic change in a lot of philosophical discourse, so I expect adoption will be slow.
Eric Mandelbaum said...
Just writing to say that I think this is a fair and charitable characterization of our position (I say "our" because I think Jake agrees with me but of course all errors below should be attributable to me alone).
I have some quibbles, but really the quibbles seem to be on points that are orthogonal to the core of the debate. The quibbles: I'd tweak the Kinematics and Specificity requirements. I think rational actions can arise in lots of different ways, and anyway I think I prefer the distinction between action and behavior over the rational vs irrational action. My type of psychofunctionalisms isn't even necessarily committed to there even being desires--I think beliefs themselves can drive action (maybe we want to call this action rationalizing instead of rational action, or action that the computational mind can see as rational even though as epistemologists we might deem them wanting in some way or other). This is all a much longer story (one that I'll have a book out on any year now...) but the main beats are easily hummable: if we can recreate chains of behavior as consequences of transitions between contentful mental states, we can get an idea of rational action off the ground, even if the actions themselves wouldn't count as broadly rational from other criteria. We can then distinguish behavior from action in terms of the need to posit contentful states, or maybe even computational states. But again this seems like a quibble about things that aren't the core of the issue of belief. Questions of whether desires exist or whether other motivational states would suffice to interact with beliefs to motivate behavior; or what counts as a rational action vs irrational action vs mere behavior; or how we categorize associative trains of thought which affect behavior/action, [are they computational or subcomputational] etc. are all interesting and one's I have a position on, but I don't think the peculiarities of our psychofunctional theory of belief matter for your characterization of Industrial Strength Realism.
(Second half of the post coming in a second)
As for your options I'm inclined to take option 1. My student Nic Porot and I are writing a paper now about the breadth and rebirth of the LoT--I think one sees it everywhere nowadays! Nic just wrote a fascinating dissertation arguing for the existence of LoT in a wide range animal minds (including insects!). Extending the arguments for LoT to creatures without a natural language is really an interesting, fecund new direction to push the debate. Going in the other direction, the rise of Bayesianism is coincident with the rise of the Probabilistic LoT. Since Bayesianism is anything but old fashioned, I think we are doing OK keeping up with current trends. If anything I'd think (and Nic and I argue) that we now have even more power reason to believe in LoT.
That's not to say I'm numb to the examples Eric gave. There is definitely a sense in which ensemble perception and deep learning sit poorly with the LoT. But this doesn't keep me up at night. Ensemble perception is, for me, part of a general modular architecture which itself never sat well with LoT per se, but that's OK as LoT was a thesis about cognition not perception. (And this should keep us up at night even less that it should've kept Fodor as Jake and I both have separately worked on understanding how the interface of perception and cognition might work for an LoT story [I have in mind Jake's idea about how discrete and iconic elements are outputted by perception [and his/EJ Green's work on object files in particular] and work on conceptualized perception [as in my PPR paper]]). Deep learning is a different story--that seems more deeply at odds with the LoT. But I don't think deep learning is a model of our mind at all so this doesn't worry me much (I don't think Hinton even thinks of it as a possible model of the human mind anymore). Of course that's not an argument, just a statement of faith. Nonetheless it describes my faith pretty well!
(And perhaps I should add that Jake has pointed out that it's not totally clear that deep learning is incompatible with LoT as deep learning models make it hard to know exactly what the system ends up representing).
Big picture: I think everything Eric said is totally fair and I appreciate the faithful characterization.
you might be interested in this talk by Andy Clark in response to some papers given in his honor:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iw4YxgtqCpo
-dmf
Devin Curr said...
Erics,
Thanks for this interesting exchange. I wonder what you each make of a fourth option for industrial-strength realists: distinguishing between beliefs qua objects of folk psychology and beliefs qua (present, discrete, kinematic, specific) psychofunctional cogs in cognitive systems. (I briefly discuss this distinction in my "Interpretivism and norms" in Phil Studies, and fully develop it in a couple of articles in prep.) Making this distinction allows beliefs to exist as real patterns, no matter the underlying cognitive architecture, without prematurely ruling out the hypothesis that a new-fangled LoT could also countenance beliefs as industrially grade real. The distinction is also compatible with lots of different stories about how psychofunctional beliefs (if they exist) underlie folk psychological beliefs: there could be a one-to-one match, or some of our folk-beliefs might be generated by psychofunctional-beliefs in the LoT whereas others are generated by visual ensembles (or whatever). Such a mixed story (which, for what little it's worth, follows my hunch) might help explain why Mandelbaum's cognitive architecture doesn't need desires (even though desires exist qua real patterns), as well as why there's a gap between Mandelbaum's rationality and the epistemologist's rationality (the latter of which is presumably pitched at a folk psychological level of explanation).
In any case, if my distinction holds water, then the Erics may have different empirical bets about cognitive architecture, but need have no real disagreement about the nature of belief. Schwitzgebel need not be superficial about all possible belief-phenomena, and Mandelbaum need not be an industrial-grade realist about all belief-phenomena.
Callan said...
Seems like strawmanning to me, but not maliciously. Rather out of some prior belief.
To me it seems like you are taking it that the 'underlying representations' are so different in structure that they are not in the head, Eric?
Also to me it just seems to be a false dichotomy that precludes a third option, albeit a very nihilistic one to deal with.
To avoid getting too nihilistic; currently the whole 'underlying representation' reminds me of the idea of homonculi in the head. I actually think if you take it to a cellular level the homonculi idea isn't too out there. If you keep reducing each supposed homunculai down eventually each one is itself a cell - and cells certainly exist and the certainly do things. Brain cells and how body cells send chemical triggers to each other.
So what about a third option of breaking down the belief in beer down to the very cells that send triggers to other cells that in turn keep sending triggers and more until the person is up and opening the fridge door?
So, what's wrong with that as another option? I'm assuming it wont sit well?
David Duffy said...
I was thinking about this post walking down the side of the house, when I was struck by the possibility I may not have closed the back door because I was so distracted. I may have a disposition to be anxious that I have left something undone, but I don't think I have a disposition to check or not check that the door was closed at 8 am on Sunday the 4th. Further, I may only now have a memory at t0+30 of remembering to consult my immediate memory of the door at t0+5 but not the sense impression of the actual door closing at t0. That second hand knowledge strikes me as more consistent with a representation.
Thanks for all of the comments, folks! Sorry for the slow reply.
D: Yes, except having the propensity might be enough to be worth calling "belief" in a less industrial-grade sense!
Jed: I'm glad you think it's promising! The dispositional approach hasn't been worked out in detail. It has been developed more as a general structure. To start getting more specific about the framework would require more empirical detail.
Eric: Thanks for those helpful comments! I'm glad I've got your general view correct, apart from the quibbles. I agree Bayesianism is fashionable -- but I'm not so sure about the resurgence on LoT! It could be an "east pole" - "west pole" thing, to use the old cog-sci lingo.
dmf: Thanks for the link. I'll check it out.
Devin: Yes, I'm sympathetic with that. I think what you express is closer to my view than Eric M's. The superficialist approach is non-committal about the underlying structure (though I have my bets). It's completely compatible with superficialism that industrial-grade realist LoT is how beliefs are implemented. But, per superficialism, we shouldn't *define* belief that way.
Callan: I think that's a reasonable option. I don't think it's in tension with superficialism about belief. I'm an industrial-grade realist about neurons. It's only the middle level of representations that P that I'm an instrumentalist about.
David: Uncertainty is a complicated case for all models of belief, but I'd suggest this. You have about an 90% credence that you closed your door in virtue of what you would be disposed to say, how you would bet, whether you would check it if the costs were low, the level of anxiety you feel, etc. On having a memory of a memory: Memory could probably be understood representationally, but my guess is that it's not going to be a content as clean as: I remember: "At t+5 I consulted my memory of the door". That sort of propositional content seems far too simple.
Tue Aug 06, 09:15:00 AM PDT
Thanks for comments, and sorry for the slow replies too. Devin my first reaction is that I think your proposal is totally reasonable. It might seem sorta weird that Schwitzgebel and I agree with this and yet still disagree but I think it makes some sense if you look at our project in a different light. I don't care to define belief per se, I'm more interested in the question of whether there is a spiritual similarity between belief as used in folk psychology and some state or other in cognitive science. I want enough overlap that it can explain how our folk psychology works so well, and enough slippage to explain why it also fails to work. I'm not opposed to the idea that ES and I don't really disagree about the nature of belief since that lofty metaphysical question is one that I'm happy to avoid as I think it's orthogonal to the core of my project.
Wed Aug 07, 08:43:00 AM PDT
Devin Curry said...
Thanks, Erics.
Schwitzgebel: I think our philosophical projects are more closely related to each other than to Mandelbaum's, but, especially in light of M's last comment, I'm not sure whether our views are closer (on this specific issue).
Mandelbaum: that makes total sense, and I'm very sympathetic to your project. (And, for what it's worth, I think the ways in which you recognize slippage are a happy development relative to the views of, e.g., Fodor.)
@Eric:
> The dispositional approach hasn't been worked out in detail. It has been developed more as a general structure. To start getting more specific about the framework would require more empirical detail.
I don't know if there's even a rough consensus on the meaning of "disposition". However reflecting on my own rough understanding of philosophical usage there seem to be multiple cognates in other fields:
- Rebuttable presumption in law.
- Prior distribution in Bayesian statistics
- Meta-parameters and various other initial conditions in deep learning.
I'm sure there are many more.
All of these evolve / are learned / are adapted or adopted but more slowly than the response to immediate circumstances.
In neuroscience the most relevant cognate seems to be top down influence in a layered brain architecture. Top-down influence is estimated to be about 10 times the bandwidth of bottom-up influence. Taken (much too) literally this means that what we "perceive" or "do" is about 10 times more generated from expectations / dispositions than from local circumstances.
Local bottom-up information is still important in our perceptions / actions but mostly as a way to "configure" our dispositions so we apply a relevant / adaptive set of them.
A cautionary note: We should not think of this structure as topping out in some central "knower" or "decider", and also should not think of the dispositions as static, but instead think of each layer as a distributed set of fragments dynamically reconfiguring themselves into the best fit to the influences from above and below.
There are tons of journal articles on this topic, so if we accept the cognate relationship to "dispositions" we have plenty of empirical material to go on with. The translation however is non-trivial, especially because given your answer I guess it means building up a whole new conceptual structure / language in the philosophical domain.
Altogether an interesting path to pursue.
Wed Aug 07, 01:39:00 PM PDT
EM: Yes, we have somewhat orthogonal projects, so there's more room for agreement than there might seem to be on the surface. My primary commitment is to superficialism about belief as a definitional/metaphysical matter. A secondary commitment is to the empirical implausibly of a language-of-thought-ish implementation of most beliefs; and I'm not yet decided on how commissive I want to be about that, or how much empirical wrestling I'm game for -- especially since I think both Eric and I agree that in some cases LoT or "P" can play a role (e.g., explicit conscious thoughts that P) and that in other cases non-LoT/non-P-ish architectures are at work, so it's partly a matter of proportion.
Jed: There's definitely a metaphysical literature in philosophy on the nature of dispositions (e.g., Mumford, Heil). I'm not sure about how to translate this into brain architecture. In a way, it's not about the architecture at all but rather about the tendency to do certain things in certain circumstances (which might be implemented by various underlying architectures). Could you tell me where you're getting this 10:1 ratio of top-down to bottom-up influence on perception and action? Surely it varies enormously depending on the type of perception and action?
Thu Aug 08, 09:55:00 AM PDT
I don't really understand 'middle level of representations' in regard to why that somehow escapes an industrial grade realist take on neurons?
Are you an instrumentalist or do you just find you can't think of representation at the industrial level - like in mechanical terms you can't. I can't. Nobody can - no one has inner access like that. We all act like instrumentalists (me as well) because we're stuck with that - it's like your post from awhile back with chop sticks on the back and the point where the person cannot tell if it is two chopsticks or one. Internally at a certain point we can't map an industrial grade realist take on neurons to representations. Just can't feel it. This could map to your middle level. So are you choosing to be an instrumentalist? Or are you defaulting to instrumentalism? Or are you taking instrumentalism to be true because of the 'evidence' for it that defaulting to it appears to make?
Or that's my take. Maybe it's a load of rubbish!? But I think someones oneself can actually hit the hardware limits of ones own brain. And one might take it as evidence of the way things are rather than an incapacity. Much the same as an illusion not seen as an illusion can seem to be the way things are, rather than an incapacity.
Thanks for your post, Eric :)
Callan, I think we're not too far apart here. I could imagine finding industrial-grade representations at the middle level. I just think the evidence tends the opposite direction, so I'm happy to be instrumentalist about them. I also agree that we might be running up against "hardware limits". A very different and more powerful mind might find connectionist, deep-learning structures very natural and intuitive.
Eric, I'm curious about that evidence. To me, much like Bakker's blind brain hypothesis, we just lack certain internal information about our brains (as much as we don't just intuitively know how our hearts work, or how our livers work, or how DNA works...and so on). Nature abhors an absence and to me so does imagination - we put 'here be dragons' on ancient maps where our knowledge ran out. One of the most intense examples of this is what happens inside our skulls - it's both kind of a black box and yet very intensely needs to be understood in others and in oneself (imagine being a black box for a moment and not at all knowing yourself).
To me there's a lot of room for more of an invention than evidence.
Also at a certain point if it comes down to industrial-grade implementations (things that impeliment actions in responce to industrial-grade representations) then even the representations idea runs out (without implementations it'll no doubt seem like a homonculous theory that relies on infinite homonculi viewing each others representations and thus the theory gets dropped in the end)
Sure, I basically agree with Bakker on this, and with what you're saying. What I'm saying is that the evidence we have is that there's no industrial-grade believe-that-P representation in there, combining with a believe-that-Q representation. If you look at how the brain works, and the failure of GOFAI models, and the success of deep learning -- that tilts empirically toward no industrial-grade-belief-that-P in there. Yes?
Internet ate my comment! So I'll just quickly note I don't understand how the success of deep learning or how the brain works means there is no industrial grade belief in there. I don't know if you're saying there isn't a 'belief' in there but instead something like a nuanced set of synaptic connections there - in which case I would get the idea that 'belief' isn't something in the head. Otherwise I don't know how looking at how the brain works actually says that there is no industrial grade belief in P, Eric?
The relationship between connectionist network patterns and language-like representations is contentious. But the basic thing that I think the industrial-grade view would predict in a connectionist network is a pattern of activation that is in some sense physiologically or functionally coherent that is present in systems that believe that P and activated when the belief that P is activated (e.g., this set of nodes activates). But the current best-guess I think, based on what deep learning looks like, is that there won't be such patterns. It will be much messier-looking, unintuitive, and hazy-bordered.
It feels like in Venn diagram terms one circle is 'P is not in the head' and another circle is 'P is in the head'.
To me it seems the situation is like a third circle that overlaps the two. Because taking the extrovert example, I think there is basically a switch set to something (or not set) in the personality settings. There's a whole bunch of dials and nature spins them on each new birth, blindly seeking the dial combinations that Darwinistically survive the best (and culture does adjust the dials positions often enough).
'P is in the head' seems to think belief would be recognizable at a fundamental physical level in the brain if observed. But by the same token 'P is not in the head' seems to treat it that belief would not be recognizable and is consigned to real patterns...but where is the acceptance in that of the physical situation (and how that physical situation manifests into us typing posts like the ones we have and are now)?
One side looks intently (but will ignore anything but that which they expect to see) and the other side looks away (almost in shame?), as if belief must be vindicated or banished.
I guess it might not appear that way and instead it's described as real patterns - but as much as it's real patterns rather than being attributed as the very origins of belief, to me it seems to be looking away. Makes me think of the picture of Dorian Grey? But that's my take.
Vindicated by setting a low bar, I'd say!
Not sure I understand the reply, Eric? To me it doesn't seem to be setting a low bar to refer to real patterns rather than beliefs and also say belief is outside the head. For myself it seems there is a difficulty in taking on that the origins of belief are something that (in comparison to how beliefs feel) appears something inhuman. It seems to be taking belief to be vindicated as is and as belief was always taken.
The approach here feels like a non association - like Superman/Belief and Clark Kent/real patterns are not being associated with each other. It's a bit presumptuous of me, but 'belief is outside the head' feels like saying Superman is outside the room because in the room there's only Clark Kent present.
So I'll leave it at that I don't agree belief is outside the head - which I'll note doesn't mean I think belief is in a superman form/supernatural form inside the head.
I'm not sure how we got on this inside/outside track, Callan. Most people would say that being an extravert is constituted by behavioral, emotional, and cognitive dispositions. If you agree with that, I'd say that belief is structured the same way. On my view, the presence of such disposition no more requires a stored representation of the content of the belief than the presence of extravesion requires that there be some specific dial in the brain with a setting somewhere on the spectrum from I to E.
Fri Sep 06, 09:17:00 AM PDT
Well I'd say behavior, emotion and cognitive disposition are derived, Eric. They don't just exist in themselves. I mean various tragic accounts of brain damage show peoples behavior changing, their emotions changing and cognitive disposition changing. The stuff they are derived from changed, so they changed. I genuinely think if an extrovert person suffers certain brain damage they will become an introvert or enter into some other behavior. At the very least amnesia is an example of a whole range of behaviors suddenly vanishing due to brain trauma.
Whether my position is of interest I dunno. But I'm describing it so you can see how much trouble I have processing the idea that belief is not in the head but it's also real patterns. My position probably matches the position of a number of neuro scientists and neuro psychologists who have studied various cases of brain damage and altered behavior, emotional responce and cognition - so it's probably worth trying to tackle their position at some point. I'd also think it largely matches Bakker's position, though he doesn't really want to believe it (understandably).
So in short I think behaviour, emotion and cognition do require a stored...well, structure rather than representation...in the brain. And to be more specific, they are a derivative of that storage. Otherwise I'm genuinely curious how you would say they would exist at all? But I know I've meandered a bit so thanks for your replies you've taken time to give, Eric, and I can understand if we leave it at that.
Tue Sep 10, 10:14:00 PM PDT
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Monday night, Spencer joined Representatives Regina Quick and Chuck Williams and Senators Bill Cowsert and Frank Ginn at Cine for the Federation of Neighborhoods' Legislative Review. Each of the legislators was given an opportunity to provide an opening statement summarizing their activities during session. The legislative panel then engaged in a Q&A with attendees on a variety of issues. Finally, the attendees were given the opportunity to make suggestions and raise issues to the legislative panel during the final part of the program.
Spencer began by noting that summer is the best time to get in touch with your legislator (more on that below) as the offseason is less busy and preparation for the next session takes place largely during the summer break. Spencer then described how he approached one of the most contracted legislative sessions in recent memory.
Spencer described the disappointment in not getting the question of medical marijuana resolved, and noted that his litmus test when it came to legislation was determining what the legislature could do to make people's lives better.
One such bill that met that litmus test and impacts Athens Clarke County was House Bill 697 authored by Representative Stacey Evans. The legislation establishes the Zell Miller Grant Scholar which awards full tuition scholarships to Georgia Technical College students earning a cumulative 3.5 GPA. He highlighted some of the challenges that non-traditional students face when they balance their education with a job, children, or other commitments that students who attend college shortly after high school don't typically encounter.
Spencer later described his work in passage of House Bill 750, legislation allowing non-profit organizations that promote access to affordable housing to be exempt from the requirement of getting a state license to offer low-interest mortgages.
Each legislator was given the opportunity to make an opening statement. Representative Williams described the work the legislature did regarding study committees on land preservation, graduate medical education, and wrongful convictions. Representative Quick described her work on local legislation regarding the Downtown Development Authority and said her attention was turning towards the charters for the Classic Center Authority and the Hospital Authority to gain full understanding of the responsibilities of those organizations. Senator Ginn described the mobile broadband legislation, the watershed protection bill, and increases in penalties for those convicted of home invasion. Finally, Senator Cowsert described his role in his committees and noted that the higher education formula was fully funded and included $10 million extra to attract top professors to teach in Georgia universities.
Audience members provided questions for the panel on a variety of issues. Two of the issues that stood out dealt with amending local legislation to allow localities to set minimum wages and enter into new T-SPLOST arrangements to fund local transportation infrastructure. Final issues raised with the legislative panel included finding solutions to gerrymandered election districts in Athens-Clarke County and addressing Board of Regents policy that prohibits undocumented students from attending some state universities.
If you missed the forum or just want to hear it again, you can check out the full recording here. Hat tip to former Athens Mayoral candidate Tim Denson and his team at Athens for Everyone for providing the recording.
We wanted to close where Spencer began by saying that the legislative offseason is the best time to engage with Spencer and his team as we are busily looking for ways the legislature can improve the lives of our family, friends, and neighbors in Athens and across the state. To increase accessibility, we are launching a new email connected to Capitol Corner that will allow you to provide immediate feedback on our posts, ask questions, and give us ideas for our coverage. You'll find the option to contact us at the end of each post. Also, stay tuned later this week for more exciting news from the blog as we embark on new projects throughout the summer.


Wanted to make a shawl for a friend to brighten her day after she admired my recent Anzula make. Found a beautiful variegated skein in the sale bin at the yarn store where I work. I watch those sale bins like a hawk! Found a suitable pattern on Ravelry the Elise Shawl. It's more a shawlette but we'll see blocking can work it's magic!


The TotallyCoolPix Crew is originally from the Netherlands, so tonight we had a great evening with the World Cup Final 2010 Rematch between Spain and the Netherlands. The Netherlands earned some sweet revenge on Spain on Friday at the Fonte Nova in Salvador, hammering Spain 5-1 to put an emphatic coda on their loss in the 2010 World Cup finals. Robin van Persie and Arjen Robben both scored twice, and Stefan de Vrij added one to pace the Netherlands after an early and controversial penalty had staked Spain an early lead. And believe it or not, the Dutch could have had a few more. It was the heaviest loss ever suffered by a reigning champion, and it leaves Spain staring at an early exit. Spain hadn't lost in a Cup match in such a shambolic fashion since 1950.


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muasoleum
Frugal resting place of a mighty emperor
March 27, 2016 March 29, 2016 Shutterbug Iyer
Most of us know Aurangazeb as a tyrannical and bigoted emperor who tortured and killed his family members, suppressed non-Muslims,fought many unnecessary wars which drained the exchequer. He is also known as the one who paved the way for the decline of the Mughal Empire.
But how many of us know the 'softer' side of this emperor? I have read in my school history book that Aurangazeb used to stitch caps and transcribe by hand copies of the Koran to sell anonymously to earn money for his burial and tomb.
The remains of the mighty emperor who lorded over the sub-continent for about five decades lie in a modest tomb in a non-descript town of Khuldabad, about 30 kilometers from Aurangabad.
Aurangzeb died in Ahmednagar(1707 C.E.), but he had a desire to be interred near the tomb of his Islamic guru, Sayyad Zainuddin Shirazi at Khuldabad.
Entrance to the complex
Originally, his tomb was open and on all sides. Lord Curzon directed the then Nizam to put up marble panels all around. The top is still open to the sky.
A blind caretaker Sheikh Hakim was at the site when I visited and was most helpful.
Sheik Hakim -the helpful caretaker
Flowers for the emperor
Aurangazeb's son and his wife are also buried near the emperor's tomb and Zainuddin Shirazi's dargah is just behind. Behind the dargah there is a small room which is believed to house the robes of the prophet.
tomb's of Aurangzeb's son, his wife and another woman
The enclusre with the sacred robe and Md Altaf
Across the narrow and busy street is the dargah of Sayyad Burhanuddin another notable teacher. The tomb of the first Nizam is also in this complex.
The dargah of Sayyed Burahnuddin
Nizam's second son lies here
The tomb of the first Nizam
The whole complex is devoid of any visual or architectural attraction but it stands as a testimony to the frugality of a mighty emperor who hailed from a dynasty which took pride in building grandiose monuments and tombs.
Heritage, History, Monument, Religioncrypt, Maharashtra, muasoleum, Mughal, sepulchre, Tomb, vault


Problem 65 continues our exploration of continued fractions, although this time a different property is the focus: the ability to generate rational fractions that converge on better and better approximations to the number e.
This problem was a rather straightforward to implement.
(time (euler-65)) ;; "Elapsed time: 5.171186 msecs"
Just for kicks, I used the -» operator in euler-65 to show the sequential nature of the last little calculation. Lately I have been thinking about how all my programs run inside out, so returning to a "list of operations" style of programming somehow feels a little novel.


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Une couvertine  est un élément de protection et d'étanchéité de la partie supérieure d'un muret ou d'un acrotère. Elle peut être en pierre, en terre cuite, en acier laqué, en zinc, en cuivre, en aluminium, en bitume ou en plomb. Elle est également appelée « couvre-mur ».

Une couvertine est un matériau de construction d'un mur. Elle est placée au sommet d'un mur ou d'un muret. Sa fonction est de protéger le mur contre les intrusions d'eau par le sommet du mur. L'eau endommage les constructions maçonnées. La couvertine se doit donc d'être étanche à l'eau pour protéger de la pluie. En cas de précipitations, la pluie ou la neige mouillent la tête du mur. Des particules résident généralement à cet endroit. Le lessivage par les pluies va entraîner ces saletés qui vont alors couler le long du mur et peuvent alors tacher et salir le mur.

L'eau qui coule sur la couvertine retombe à distance du mur, ce qui limite l'encrassement du mur. Le débord doit être au moins .

Enfin la couvertine est un élément qui réalise la bonne finition esthétique du mur. Une bonne couvertine a donc trois fonctions :
 l'étanchéité du sommet du mur ;
 fonction goutte d'eau contre l'encrassement ;
 esthétique.

La forme de la couvertine peut être plate, bombée, avec un pan à une pente ou à deux pans symétriques.

Les matériaux sont la pierre naturelle, la pierre reconstituée, le ciment, la brique naturelle ou reconstituée, la terre cuite, le zinc et l'aluminium peint.

Pour ce qui est de la couleur de la couvertine, on trouve le gris, le rouge, le zinc, le métal alu peint et tous les couleurs RAL.

Généralement, les couvertines minérales sont collées au ciment ou mortier colle lors de la réalisation du mur. Ce type de colle est constitué par des liants hydrauliques qui polymérisent et sèchent au contact de l'air. On peut aussi opter pour un mortier-joint qui sert aussi au dallage. Ces mortiers à base de ciment et de sable sont plus souples et résistent mieux à la dilatation.

Références

Annexes

Liens externes
.

Couverture (construction)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Caltrans Division of Mass Transit provides oversight and support concerning all aspects of the TDA.
Once the final LTF and STA apportionment estimates and FCRTA budget have been approved by the Fresno COG Policy Board, TDA claims for FY 2014-2015 will be submitted.
Final FY 1314 TDA Estimates were approved at the Fresno COG Policy Board meeting in May of 2013. All Member Agencies' and Transit Agencies' TDA Claims for Fiscal Year 2013-2014 have been approved by the Fresno COG Policy Board.


We have engaged with many of you to develop a new way to collaborate and support the way you deliver healthcare.
Digestive complaints are common, but did you know they can be due to a wide range of underlying conditions?
Mushrooms and candida – medical mix or nutritional no-no?
Enjoyed as delicacies around the world, mushrooms have also been used for their medicinal properties for thousands of years - from China and Japan to eastern Europe.
Fish oils and bleeding: is there a clinically significant risk?


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Comprehensive recruitment package.
We are pioneering the provision of PAs for healthcare organisations across the UK.
We strive to build long-lasting partnerships with employers and clients and we can supply both newly qualified and experienced PAs across a variety of healthcare settings, including: PA education, general practice, orthopaedics, accident and emergency, general medicine, infectious diseases and surgical.
Our recruitment package for employers includes:
Advertising for PAs
Pre-screening (CV check, qualifications, licences, reference checks)
Informal interview of candidate
Short-listing
Suggested interview questions relevant to PAs
Post-interview debrief and feedback
Support for employer and appointed PA during the settling in period
Assistance with international candidates
Post placement review of successful candidate.
International healthcare recruitment can be a complex process. If you choose to employ a US trained PA you will need to apply for a sponsor's licence for migrant workers and satisfy the UK Boarder Agency duties and responsibilities of a licensed sponsor.
Our team have experience and can guide you through the intricacies involved.
American trained PAs are the only non-UK trained PAs recognised by the Faculty of Physician Associates who can join the PA Managed Voluntary Register (PA MVR) and are then eligible to work in the UK in this capacity. As the profession is well-established in the United States (for almost 50 years, with approximately 200 PA programmes and around 100,000 PAs) these PAs tend to be very experienced in comparison to UK trained PAs who are still very new in this profession.
Some employers consider US PAs as they wish to see the full range of skills an experienced PA can offer. They can offer great mentoring supervision for newly qualified PAs.
What is a physician associate (PA)?
A physician associate (nee assistant) is defined as someone who is: 'a new healthcare professional who, while not a doctor, works to the medical model, with the attitudes, skills and knowledge base to deliver holistic care and treatment within the general medical and/or general practice team under defined levels of supervision'. (DH, 2006)
Why has the name changed from Physician Assistant to Physician Associate in the UK?
The name has changed for several reasons. Currently the PA profession is not regulated in the UK and therefore the title Physician Assistant is not protected. This means that anyone can use the title. There are other groups of people in healthcare who use the title but who are trained to take bloods, ECGs and other technical tasks, they do not have the training or education expected of a PA, as defined above. This was leading to confusion regarding the role.
Where are PAs working and what can they do?
Physician associates work across a variety of medical and surgical specialties in England and Scotland.
PAs see patients of all ages for acute and chronic medical care.
They obtain:
medical histories
conduct comprehensive physical exams
request and interpret tests
diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries
advise on preventive health care.
They are able to make referrals, discharge or admit patients and can arrange for intermediate care or community services as well. Experienced PAs help with teaching for the PA and medical students as well as qualified members of staff.
How are PA's educated in the UK?
PA training is post-graduate in the UK. The programmes are a minimum of 90 weeks over two years (3,200 hours) and based on the Competence and Curriculum Framework for Physician Assistants (DH, 2006, Revised 2012). PAs then have to pass a national exam to enter into professional practice. They must re-certify every six years to continue to practice.
What is the overall organisational structure that underpins and supports the profession?
There are several organisations involved in the structure and overseeing of the profession: The UK and Ireland Universities Board for PA Education (UKIBPAE) and The Faculty of Physician Associates – professional body for PAs in the UK which has responsibility for the PA Managed Voluntary Register (PA MVR).
What is the salary for a UK-based physician associate?
PAs are paid anywhere from £28,000 to £50,000, depending on experience. PAs are on the Agenda for Change pay scale in the NHS. US PAs would be banded in the same way but may be offered other incentives in their employment packages as PA salaries in the US are considerably higher than in the UK and most PAs coming to the UK tend to be very experienced in their specialty area.
Why is the Physician Associate role not a registered 'regulated' role in the UK?
As a new role in the UK, PAs are still seeking statutory registration, as current Government policy stipulates there will be no statutory regulation of new healthcare professional groups. However the Faculty of Physician Associates in conjunction with Health Education England, Department of Health and the Royal Colleges are working hard to gain statutory regulation of the profession in order to protect the title, secure standards for education and training of PAs and to provide an enhanced level of public protection and safety.
How are PAs regulated in the UK?
A managed voluntary register (MVR) for PAs has been established to mimic the registers of current statutory regulators, but it has no force of law. The MVR requires PAs to sign up to a code of conduct and scope of professional practice and gives clear guidance on standards required for continuing professional development and re-certification. It also provides some element of public protection and safety as it has a fitness to practice mechanism should anyone wish to raise a concern about a PA.
As this is a voluntary register PAs cannot be forced to join, however it is good practice and we would strongly recommend employers encourage PAs to join.
How are PAs able to practice in the UK?
PAs are able to practice in the UK as a result of a clause in the British General Medical Council's guidance on good medical practice.
Delegation is discussed in paragraph 54 as follows:
"Delegation involves asking a colleague to provide treatment or care on your behalf. Although you will not be accountable for the decisions and actions of those to whom you delegate, you will still be responsible for the overall management of the patient, and accountable for your decision to delegate. When you delegate care or treatment you must be satisfied that the person to whom you delegate has the qualifications, experience, knowledge and skills to provide the care or treatment involved. You must always pass on enough information about the patient and the treatment they need."
For further information, see the General Medical Council's website and statement on good medical practice.
What is meant by physician supervision?
PAs will require a certain amount of supervision in their medical practice. This will vary somewhat from individual to individual and is dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, their previous healthcare experience and years of experience as a physician associate.
Can physician associates prescribe?
PAs are currently unable to prescribe medications in the UK, due to the lack of statutory regulation. Legislative change is needed to enable this to happen. Therefore this is due to lack of legislation and not lack of competence. Despite this PAs can still provide an effective service and care for patients.
Close work with supervising physicians and arrangements developed locally allow for flexible ways of working and continuation and expansion of quality patient care. For instance, many PAs working in general practice have the ability to quickly interrupt their supervising physician for a prescription where required and then continue their work. If further advice on a case is required, the GP and physician assistant take time out to discuss it and/or see the patient together to come to a decision on further treatment.
In the hospital setting, PAs are able to write drug charts which require countersignature from a doctor, or propose medications on an electronic prescribing system.
At present PAs are also unable to request x-rays as the IRMER regulations stipulate that only registered healthcare professionals can do this. Most trusts work around this and have local policy/procedures to enable PAs to do their job as fully as possible.
Do PAs require professional indemnity insurance to practice in the UK?
Yes, PAs require professional indemnity coverage. The cost of this coverage is typically paid for by the employer. Currently, the Medical Protection Society (MPS), and Medical and Dental Defence Union of Scotland (MDDUS) will provide professional indemnity for PAs working in general practice. PAs and other hospital staff employed by a secondary care trust are indemnified by the NHS Litigation Authority but it is recommended that this is checked prior to commencing a role to ensure individual coverage is not also required for the specific task the PA is being recruited into. Independent providers should check the position with their indemnity provider but most major healthcare insurers now recognise PAs within their schemes.
Do PAs have continuing professional development (CPD) requirements?
PAs on the Managed Voluntary Register must complete 50 hours of CPD per year. Twenty five hours of type 1 CPD (formal training – recognised and certified courses ALS, Royal College courses) and 25 hours of type 2 CPD, online courses, teaching, journal articles and reflection pieces). Most employers will allocate study leave pro rata to enable PAs to meet the requirements of CPD to maintain their registration.
PAs on the MVR also have to recertify every six years to continue to practice. This involves a multiple choice, single best answer MQC paper covering all core areas of practice that a PA is expected to maintain knowledge in, regardless of where they are working.
Recruitment solutions tailored to your needs


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PlayStation Plus: One Year Later
A by-the-numbers analysis.
By Colin Moriarty
Updated: 14 Jun 2012 6:54 am
Posted: 29 Jun 2011 11:20 pm
Believe it or not, PlayStation Plus is a year old this week. This struck me as odd as I was putting this piece together. I had this article brewing in my mind for a few weeks before I finally decided to do the tiring research for all of the details and figures below, but I'm happy to report that my timing couldn't have been better. And as most gamers who purchased PS+ did so with a year's subscription, what better time to see what kind of return on your investment you could have received?
Everything below took a lot of time to gather, but all you have to do to find this information for yourself is browse the PlayStation Blog's weekly PlayStation Store Update stories like I did. There was a lot of transcription involved and quite a bit of math, too. There are bound to be minor errors, but rest assured that the overarching point of this article shines through well, and the figures and numbers can be relied on as far more than simply ballpark.
Though this was meant as a sort of objective monetary analysis of PlayStation Plus, it's hard not to render a verdict after going through the numbers and seeing everything for myself. PlayStation Plus is overwhelmingly worth its $50-per-year price point. I'm certainly among the most active PlayStation 3 users around, both in terms of time spent and money spent. So chances are if it was worth it to me, it's most certainly going to be worth it to you.
But enough talk. I'll let the numbers do the talking.
(Please keep in mind that the stats below are based on the North American version of PlayStation Plus. As such, the numbers won't be completely accurate for other territories. However, this is still an interesting study for gamers outside of America.)
Free+Games
The true hallmark of PlayStation Plus is the free games that are offered up. This is certainly the most intriguing aspect of the premium package for me, and I suspect the same can be said for most other subscribers.
What startled me the most is the sheer number of free games in PlayStation Plus' first year: 49. This is spread out over PSN games (17), Minis (21), and PSone Classics (11). If you take into account the 12 months of the year, you can look forward to downloading about four games per month. And since duplicates that were offered for free on more than one occasion (like Fieldrunners, for instance) weren't counted more than once, this figure represents 49 unique games.
If you delve deeper, you realize how much of a financial gain there is in the free games alone, even if the (ridiculous) argument can be made that you don't technically own them, because once your subscription lapses, you lose access to the titles in question. These games, all told, are worth $349.51, averaging $7.13 per free game. The 17 PSN games were worth, on average, $11.52 each ($195.83 in total), the 21 Minis are worth $3.61 each ($75.79 in total), and the 11 PSone Classics worth $7.08 each ($77.89 in total).
If you were to only focus on and download games that were given for free and you had a 12-month subscription at $50 a year, you'd have the capacity to get around seven times the value of the price of admission. And that doesn't take into account anything else that's offered.
After free games, discounts are the next best thing given to PlayStation Plus subscribers. And there have been about twice as many discounts offered as there have been free games. Just like with free games, some discounts were offered on identical games more than once, but have only been counted once for the sake of the figures here.
In one year, exactly 100 games were discounted for PlayStation Plus subscribers. These vary over five different categories: PSN games (63), Minis (7), Retail Games (1), PSone Classics (22) and PSP Games (7). Factoring in the 12 months of the year, PS+ subscribers could, on average, look forward to about eight or nine fresh discounts each month.
Obviously, this is more impressive if you look at things from a financial perspective. The 100 discounts given over the previous year were worth $453.87 in total. That's about $4.54 per discount given. If you look at the numbers more specifically, you'll find some interesting statistics. The 63 PSN games discounted were worth $284.97 in total, or $4.52 each. The seven discounted Minis were slashed for a total of $17.69, averaging $2.53 each. The lone retail game that was discounted (in digital form, of course) got cut by $14.99. The 22 PSone Classics discounted would have saved you a cumulative $67.78, averaging $3.08 per game. And seven PSP titles had the most severe discount-per-game ratio. Totaling $71.44, each discount would thus be worth $10.21.
Animal Crossing: New Horizons - New Year's Resolutions Trailer
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We provide a directory of free preschools in Fredericksburg, Texas. The list includes VPK, Head Start Programs and other government subsidized schools. There are also thousands of local non-profit organizations that provide free preschools.
See all Gillespie County Texas Free Preschools.
Infants and toddlers who have special needs are not required to meet the income levels and are encouraged to apply. Enrollment Process: Enrollment information will be coming soon.
Due to the small number of preschools in Fredericksburg we have listed some area listings below.


New High Quality Villa in privileged location with sea views - Property for sale.
Full Description: New High Quality Villa in privileged location with sea views, 3 Bedrooms and heated salt water pool. The fenced plot in quiet rural setting offers privacy and has maintained garden with irrigation system by own bore hole water, electric gates, stone paved drive, covered BBQ area beside sun terraces around pool and decking area with pergola, the 9x5m pool is salt water, heated and with automatic cover. The house consist of 3 levels with hall, cloakroom, fully fitted high quality kitchen, utility room, spacious open space living dining area with access to covered south terrace and fireplace and one en-suite bedroom with access to terrace on ground floor. On first floor are 2 more en-suite bedrooms, master bedroom with access to large terrace which gives the possibility if wanted for one further bedroom. There is an additional large room in the basement which can be used for games room, vine cellar etc.


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Skanska receives new telecom assignments for British Telecom and Nortel Networks – Skanska's share valued at a total of about SEK 600 M
10/5/2001 10:10 AM CET
Skanska has received two new telecom assignments in the UK for construction and maintenance work. One involves the construction and maintenance of British Telecom's external network for telecom and data traffic in the Thames Valley and London area. The three-year term contract is estimated at a total value of GBP 65 M, slightly more than SEK 1 billion. Skanska has 50 percent of the contract being carried out in a joint venture with the British service provider MG Telecommunications.
Skanska receives new telecom assignments for British Telecom and Nortel Networks - Skanska's share valued at total of about SEK 600 M
Skanska has received two new telecom assignments in the UK for construction and maintenance work. One involves the construction and maintenance of British Telecom's external network for telecom and data traffic in the Thames Valley and London area. The three-year term contract is estimated at a total value of GBP 65 M, slightly more than SEK 1 billion. Skanska has 50 percent of the contract being carried out in a joint venture with the British service provider MG Telecommunications.
Under the agreement with British Telecom, the Skanska/MGT joint venture will become the main contractor to BT in the Thames Valley for outsourced telecommunications cable installation services. The assignment includes copper as well as fiber optic cable for data and telecom traffic. As part of the agreement, the joint venture will take on 140 engineering and management personnel from Corning Cable Systems.
The second assignment is for Nortel Networks. Skanska will be responsible for installation of telecom equipment, including fiber optic cable, mobile networks and switching equipment, for Nortel Networks customers throughout the UK and Eire. Initially, this assignment will be valued at GBP 6 M annually, about SEK 95 M. As part of the agreement, Skanska will take on 76 employees from Nortel Networks.
"Outsourcing is a strong trend in the telecom sector. We foresee great future potential to grow through taking over planning, building and operations of the telecom companies' infrastructures when these companies are to an increasing extent focusing on the development of new services and service content," says Daniel Johannesson, member of Skanska's Senior Executive Team and responsible for the Group's telecom activities.
Recently, BT Airwaves selected Skanska to design and build-out a nationwide telecom network for the Public Safety Radio Communications Service. Skanska is also building out parts of the Orange Network in the UK. ____________________________________________
Daniel Johannesson, Executive Vice President, Skanska AB, Tel +46 8 753 88 00
Cheryl Eaton, PR Manager, Skanska UK,
Tor Krusell, Senior Vice President Communications, Skanska AB, Tel +46 8 753 87 47


text:
Architecture | Flashback 2009: Bacardi Building in Miami Gains Historic Status
Empty buildings don't have a long life-expectancy in Miami, but the story about the 1963 Bacardi headquarters on Biscayne Boulevard has a happy ending.
This modernist blue and white tile structure was profiled recently in an issue of Ocean Drive magazine. It was designed by Cuban architect Enrique Gutierrez, who previously worked on Bacardi's headquarters in Mexico City. Liquor companies at the time where trying to shake a seedy image that still lingered from the prohibition era in the United States. Ocean Drive writer Tom Austin argues that these companies found a way out through embracing modernism. Imagine some besuited executive types swilling cocktails in a classy tasting bar surrounded by art and expensive furniture – that's the kind of vibe Bacardi was going for. The building's notable facade, which stood out against the other buildings in Miami is an extension of that aesthetic.
The building towers above its neighbors and features handpainted tiles depicting tropical themes by Brazilian artist Francisco Brennand. An annex building was constructed by architect Ignacio Carrera-Justiz later in 1974. Photographs of both buildings are included below.
The company moved its headquarters in 2009 to Coral Gables, leaving their old building vacant. In Miami, this was a dangerous position for the structure to be in. However, in 2009 Miami citizens began a campaign to label the building as historic. Their efforts were bolstered with the help of people like University of Miami architecture professor Allan Shulman, who said "Miami's brand is its identity as a tropical city. The Bacardi buildings are exactly the sort that resonate with our consciousness of what Miami is about."
The Miami Historic and Environmental Preservation Board and then-Mayor Manny Diaz declared the building historic, which will protect it from the wrecking balls of future developers. Although Bacardi still hasn't decided what to do with the structure, its historic status ensures that it will be beaming its liquor-infused sexiness into the surrounding city for years to come.
Above image: The 1963 Bacardi Building in midtown Miami.
The historic Bacardi building and its annex in Miami.
Read the full profile on Ocean Drive
Filed Under: All Topics, Architecture Tagged With: bacardi, enrique gutierrez, francisco brennand, ignacio carrera-justiz, miami, tile
One thought on "Architecture | Flashback 2009: Bacardi Building in Miami Gains Historic Status"
Anna Calluori Holcombe
I go to Miami often and try to drive by these buildings. They are worth seeing.


text:
Lawrence, Fields land on title stage after lobbying to play
By PETE IACOBELLI AP Sports Writer There has never been any doubt about the football abilities of Clemson's Trevor Lawrence and Justin Fields of Ohio State. Their youth quarterback coach could see the power arms, nimble feet and accurate decision-making when they were budding Georgia prep ...
Washington cuts Haskins; Smith or Heinicke to play at Eagles
By STEPHEN WHYNO AP Sports Writer Washington released quarterback Dwayne Haskins on Monday, hours after coach Ron Rivera said either Alex Smith or Taylor Heinicke will start the regular-season finale with the NFC East at stake. Rivera is "optimistic" Smith will be ready to play at the ...
Odd became normal: sports' masked road trip to the unknown
FRED LIEF AP Sports Writer Take your pick. Maybe it was a Big East Tournament basketball game that broke for halftime and never returned. Or the cardboard cutouts of spectators that replaced flesh-and blood fans in stadiums across the country. Or the Maui Invitational relocated from the ...
No. 18 Miami, Oklahoma State meet in Cheez-It Bowl
The Associated Press undefined Cheez-It Bowl: Oklahoma State (7-3, 6-3 Big 12) against Miami (8-2, 7-2 ACC), Tuesday, 5:30 p.m. EST (ESPN). Line: Miami by 2. Series record: Miami leads 1-0. WHAT'S AT STAKE No. 18 Miami is looking to rebound after getting routed 62-26 by North Carolina in ...
Boston Celtics Hall of Famer K.C. Jones dies at 88
By Jimmy Golen AP Sports Writer BOSTON (AP) — Basketball Hall of Famer K.C. Jones, a 12-time NBA champion who was one of only seven players in history to win championships in college and the pros along with an Olympic gold medal, has died. He was 88. The Celtics said Jones' family ...
Mayor: Jets' win could be defining moment for woeful Jaguars
By Mark Long AP Pro Football Writer JACKSONVILLE, Fla. (AP) — The sun seemed to shine brighter in Jacksonville on Monday. The air felt crisper. The St. Johns River looked cleaner. Even the Jaguars' aging stadium appeared to glisten for the first time in decades. Jacksonville's losing ...
Gonzaga strengthens grip on No. 1 spot in AP poll
By John Marshall AP Basketball Writer A two-week layoff did nothing to slow down Gonzaga. The Zags strengthened their grip on the No. 1 spot in The Associated Press college basketball poll released on Monday, earning 61 of 64 first-place votes from a media panel after knocking off then-No. ...
By Steve Reed AP Sports Writer Hall of Fame linebacker Kevin Greene, considered one of the fiercest pass rushers in NFL history, has died. He was 58. Greene died Monday, the family confirmed, as did the Pro Football Hall of Fame. No cause of death was given. "The entire Pro ...
Suggs, No. 1 Gonzaga return with 99-88 win over No. 3 Iowa
By The Associated Press undefined SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (AP) — Jalen Suggs scored 18 of his career-high 27 points in the first half and No. 1 Gonzaga held off a late rally to beat No. 3 Iowa 99-88 on Saturday. This was the Bulldogs first game since pausing activities in early December because ...
No. 12 Sooners win 6th B12 title in row, 27-21 over Iowa St
By STEPHEN HAWKINS AP Sports Writer ARLINGTON, Texas (AP) — Oklahoma coach Lincoln Riley remembered two specific moments right after the No. 12 Sooners won their sixth consecutive Big 12 championship. There was the uncertainty of what was next when players were sent home after one spring ...


We've all eaten food, and all prefer some foods over others. Think of your favorite food, and then try drawing it. What shapes are in it? What textures? How can you show color changes if you are using a regular pencil?
1. What is your favorite food – and what does it look like?
2. Think of this food, and if possible, get some of it to look at closely.
3. Before you draw anything, look at the shapes inside as well as the outside edges.
4. Pick up your pencil and draw!


text:
Boston Red Sox Wild Card Game roster: Jarren Duran, Nick Pivetta likely to make team; Chris Sale might be left off after pitching Sunday
Updated: Oct. 05, 2021, 3:47 p.m. |
Published: Oct. 04, 2021, 7:17 p.m.
Boston Red Sox's Jarren Duran runs after hitting a double in the sixth inning of a baseball game against the Texas Rangers at Fenway Park, Friday, Aug. 20, 2021, in Boston. (AP Photo/Elise Amendola)AP
Chris Cotillo | ccotillo@MassLive.com
BOSTON -- When the Red Sox submit their 26-man roster for Tuesday's Wild Card Game against the Yankees, the group will look a bit different than the one that closed out the regular season against the Nationals on Sunday. (UPDATE: Boston released its full roster Tuesday morning.)
Sox manager Alex Cora and his staff are tasked with constructing a roster for just one game with no bearing on a potential ALDS roster if the Red Sox win and advance to face the Rays in a best-of-five series.
Related: Red Sox playoff tickets: How to buy Sox-Yankees Wild Card seats for winner-take-all game at Fenway Park
Chris Sale will likely be left off the roster after throwing 62 pitches Sunday against the Nationals. Jarren Duran, who has not appeared in the majors since Sept. 1, is expected to make the team as a pinch-running/speed option. Nick Pivetta, who tossed the ninth inning Sunday, feels good enough to be available again Tuesday and is likely to make the team. Eduardo Rodriguez has about a 50/50 chance after throwing eight pitches in the eighth inning Sunday.
José Iglesias is not eligible to play in the postseason because he joined the Red Sox after Aug. 31, so he will be left off the roster. If J.D. Martinez's ankle injury is still bothering him, he could be unavailable, too.
"This is different," Cora said. "This is one game and there's going to be guys that we are not going to have on the roster that obviously they deserve to be there. But we don't need a one-game, quote/unquote, series. It's very difficult. Obviously you go through the game mentally. I've been thinking about this game and moves and all that stuff for the last 24 hours, and we don't know the roster."
The fact Cora expects to carry both Pivetta and Rodriguez -- who made bullpen cameos on short rest after starting in the days prior -- comes as a bit of a surprise. It speaks to the all-hands-on-deck approach the Sox are employing in a win-or-go-home game.
"I think having them on the roster makes sense," Cora said. "Just be ready for that one and then if you have to use the bullpen for one day in Tampa, it means that something good happened tomorrow."
Sale is a different case. The lefty is just nine starts (and 42 ⅔ innings) in to his return from Tommy John surgery after making his season debut Aug. 14. He threw Monday at Fenway Park, where the Red Sox had a rain-shortened workout, and tried to convince Cora he could pitch in relief against New York.
"He felt good," Cora said. "He stopped by the office, and like, no, we're not doing that."
If the Red Sox advance to the ALDS, Sale -- on short rest -- could be a candidate to start Game 1 on Thursday night at Tropicana Field.
"We'll talk about it," Cora said. "Hopefully we can have that conversation, when is it, on Wednesday."
By Tuesday morning, when the rosters are due to the league office, both the Red Sox and Yankees will have made some tough decisions.
"It's very hard to do," Cora said. "But at the end, I think the 26 guys that they are going to pick and the 26 guys we are going to pick, they are going to be the right ones and it should be fun tomorrow."
Boston Red Sox's J.D. Martinez (ankle) questionable for Wild Card Game; Christian Arroyo (2B), Kevin Plawecki (C) expected to start vs. Yankees
Boston Red Sox use starters Eduardo Rodriguez, Nick Pivetta as relievers in big win Sunday: 'We went with our freshest arms and it worked out'
WooSox manager Billy McMillon won't return: Boston Red Sox will seek new leadership for Worcester Triple A team (report)


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Амамбайка — посёлок в Кизильском районе Челябинской области. Входит в сельское поселение Путь Октября.

География
Расположен в северной части района, на берегу реки Амамбайки (отсюда название). Расстояние до районного центра, села Кизильское, 65 км.

История
Поселок вырос на месте хутора, основанного на рубеже XIX—XX веков старателями.

Население

(в 1926—197, в 1970—519, в 1983—400, в 1995—321)

Улицы
 Береговая улица
 Молодёжная улица
 Степная улица
 Улица Строителей
 Центральная улица
 Школьная улица

Примечания

Населённые пункты Кизильского района


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Conesville village levy results show tie
Conesville voters were asked to renew a 5-mill levy to cover village operating expenses for the next five years.
Conesville village levy results show tie Conesville voters were asked to renew a 5-mill levy to cover village operating expenses for the next five years. Check out this story on coshoctontribune.com: https://ohne.ws/1pt1LqZ
Cameron Teague Robinson, Reporter Published 11:21 p.m. ET March 15, 2016 | Updated 11:53 p.m. ET March 15, 2016
COSHOCTON - Conesville's 5-mill renewal levy to cover village operating expenses for the next five years was not decided Tuesday: According to unofficial results, 44 people voted for it and 44 voted against it.
There was at least one provisional ballot that will need to be validated, which could take up to seven days, said Stephanie Slifko, director of the Coshocton County Board of Elections.
Once that ballot and possibly more are validated, the results can be finalized.
Provisional ballots can be cast if a voter's eligibility is in question, according to the Ohio Secretary of State's website.
The response wasn't what Mayor Marge Donley expected. She is now left to wait a little bit longer for results.
"We are going to be anxious to get that result, but we will have to wait the seven days," she said. "I'm hoping it goes in our favor and passes."
The levy, which has been up for renewal every five years, will raise $7,883 annually if passed and will cost the owner of a $100,000 home $83.48 each year. Collections would begin in 2017 for the 2016 tax year, Donley said.
Expenses the money can be used for include maintenance on the village, the park, playground equipment, the Military Veterans Memorial, the mayor's office and streets, Donley said.
The village has no specific plans at the moment, but Donley said on Friday that officials wanted to put new mulch down at the park, something that hasn't been done in two years.
"It is a large area so it will need a lot of mulch," she said.
"We do have the 1 percent income tax that is for our street paving, but that $7,883 was going to be used for our parks and maintenance. That would be a loss for our village," she said.
Ellen Thompson, of Conesville, said she came out to vote for the presidential nominee, but also voted for the levy because she wanted to support the village.
cteaguerob@gannett.com
Twitter: @cj_teague
Read or Share this story: https://ohne.ws/1pt1LqZ


Brother DCP-1622WE Driver Download. This time it's a laser printer. Laser devices have the advantage over inkjet printers that there are no problems with printhead drying and most components and spare parts are widely available. But to the point, the Brother DCP-1622WE is like I have previously mentioned a laser device, monochrome with a scanner and the ability to print on interfaces: Wi-Fi, USB. The Wi-Fi can be a salvation for smartphone and tablet users, when you need to print something fast and do not have access to a desktop or laptop computer. Once removed from the box you can immediately see that the device is not as large as a scanner machine, it should easily fit on the cabinet or desk.
The plastics are pretty low quality but they do not crack and are well folded. Incorporating it has impressed me how quickly Brother is ready to run after launching. Typically, in this type of device, the positioning of the scanner can last for centuries. The only thing that I do not like is the paper tray. This is not a lockable drawer, but a folding tray. This type of solution I find is not comfortable, slightly enlarge the size of the machine and paper can be accidentally soiled. Installing the device over Wi-Fi is as simple and fast as the ink cartridge we tested earlier (link to Brother DCP-T700W ). If anyone had a problem with this, then the readable instruction manual will help me in setting the right configuration.
The Brother DCP-1622WE print quality is very good. The quality of the scanner is slightly worse, but its work is very fast. Both when copying and scanning to a computer. I think the Brother DCP-1622WE is a good choice for home and small office use. Toner is enough for 1500 pages and its cost is 80-90 zł for the original. The drum, which is purchased individually, is enough for 10,000 pages and costs about 100zł (in which models the price may be two times bigger). In sum, for the amount of 600 zł we get a scanner device where the original consumables are cheap, so you do not have to look for replacements that can affect the good work of Brother.
What I mentioned in the above paragraph is that the toner and drum are separate. By buying a replacement toner I can easily handle a drum which will cost me additional. Therefore, with this device, it is better to operate on originals which are really cheap. The Brother DCP-1622WE and HL-1222WE support the Brother iPrint & Scan application which allows direct scanning to and printing from mobile devices such as the iPhone, iPad, and tablets and smartphones running Android or Windows Phone. The DCP-1622WE also scans for images, files, emails, and SharePoint services.


I am grateful to the hon. Gentleman for giving way. This point is rather important: will he confirm whether the Labour party no longer supports the principle of free movement—yes or no?
We have said time and again that we believe in the reasonable management of migration through the application of fair rules, and I will talk about that specific issue if hon. and right hon. Members will give me the opportunity.


Phasor, the pioneering developer of broadband, electronically steerable antenna systems (ESAs), announced today that it achieved an important milestone by securing commercial contracts valued at over $300 million.
These multi-year product contracts are tied to exclusivity with key customers in defined target markets.
Phasor's very low profile, electronically steerable antennas enable high-bandwidth service in a more reliable, robust and failure-tolerant way. The antennas are solid-state, with no moving parts, to allow electronic tracking of satellite signals. The modular architecture of the Phasor technology allows antennas to scale to virtually any use-case requirement, fixed or mobile. The antennas can be flat or conformal, and fitted seamlessly to moving aircraft, ships or land-based vehicles. Phasor's technology is very well suited to support fixed satellite networks, High Throughput Satellite networks and Non-Geosynchronous satellite networks.
Phasor Inc. is a leading developer of high throughput, enterprise-grade, modular phased array antennas, headquartered in Washington DC, with a technology development subsidiary in London. Phasor's electronically steerable antennas (ESAs) are based on patented innovations in dynamic beam forming technologies and system architecture. Phasor's mission is to enable high-speed broadband communications while in-flight, at sea or travelling over land.
The Phasor team has taken the traditional parabolic-dish antenna and shrunk it onto its own proprietary microchip. By miniaturising the antenna components and functions, Phasor's electronically steerable antenna (ESA) is just 2 inches thick, with no moving parts. This revolutionary design means that the antenna itself is very low-profile, highly reliable and can be scaled-up without loss of performance and integrated into the train roof as a flat or conformable unit.
Using a software-defined antenna architecture, the Phasor ESA can achieve nearly instantaneous tracking speeds and can track two independent satellites, simultaneously – essential in this new era of NGSO (Non-Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit) constellations.


Sept. 11, 1951 D. T. LEWIS HAND BANDAGE F..led Feb. 21, 1949 Doug/as 71 Lewis JNVENToR.
Patented Sept. 11, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI CE v VHAND BANDAGE Douglas T. Lewis, Los Angeles, Calif.
Application February 21, 1949, Serial No. 77,625 s claims. (ci. 2-20) This invention relates to new and useful improvements and structural refinements in hand protectors for boxers, fighters, and the like, and the principal object of the invention is to protect the hands of such persons against bruising o other injuries.
Some of the advantages of the invention lie in its Simplicity of construction and in its adaptability to economical manufacture.
Figure 5 is a' fragmentary perspective detail, taken' substantially in the plane of the line 5- in Figure 3.
Like characters of reference are employed to designate like parts in the specification and throughout the several views.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings in detail, the invention consists of a hand bandage designated generally by the reference character Ill, the same preferably being formed almost in its entirety from resilient material such as elastic fabric of the two way stretch type, the bandage comprising a glove-shaped body I2 which is adapted to receive therein the metacarpus of a hand and is provided at one end with a sleeve-like extension Ill to receive the carpus.
This arrangement will not only substantially reinforce the open end portions of the members and extension, but it will also assistin assuring a tight fit of the bandage on the hand, as Will be clearly apparent.
In any event, the end portions 32, 34 of th strap extend laterally to both sides of the body I2 and are windable in relatively opposite directions around the body and. aroundtheexten'- sion I4. To this end, the strap portion 32 may be formed with an elongated opening 36 in which the thumb member 18 may be received while the strap portions 32, 34 are being wound, and it is to be noted that the ends of the strap portions 3'2, 34 are equipped with hook-shaped fasteners 38 which are engageable selectively with a plurality of coacting eyelets 40 provided on the underside of the extension I4. In this manner, after the strap portions 32, 34 are tied and Secured, the entire bandage will be firmly retained in position on the hand, and accidental or unintentional displacement thereof will be prevented.
In the interest of additional protection, theV fasteners 38 may be provided on the outside thereof with suitable protecting pads 42, as will be ciearly apparent.
It is believed that the advantages and use of the invention will be readily understood from the foregoing disclosure and accordingly, further description thereof at this point is deemed unnecessary.
While in the foregoing there has been shown and described the preisrred embodimentof this inventio it is to be understood that minor changes in the details of construction, combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.
1. In a hand bandage, the combination. .of a glove-shaped body formed from resiliet material and adapted to cover the metacarpus of a hand, a sleeve-like carpus receiving extension provided on said body, said body including a set of open-ended tubular members adapted to receive therein innerv portions of the pha-langes, a strap having an enlarged intermediate portion secured to said body and the end portions there.- of tapering and extending laterally and oppositeiy from the intermediate portion, the end portions of said strap being windable in opposite directions around said bodyiand said extension, one of said end portions being formed with an open.- ing reeeiving one of said members when said end portions are wound around said body, fastening elements provided at the ends of said strap, and eoacting fasteners on said extension, whereby the ends of said strap may be releasablysecured.
2. The device as defined in claim i together with protector pads provided on said flrst men.- tioned fastening elements.
3. A hand proteotor comprising a fiexible body having finger stalis formed at one end thereof, said body having laterally and oppositely exitending portions which are tapered substantially throughout. their entire length and provided with means at their outer ends forbeing Secured to each other upon being oppositely wound about the metacarpus and carpus of the wearer.
4. hand protector comprising a fiexible body having nnger stallsl formed at. one end thereof, laid body having leterally and oppositely ex! tending portions which are tapered substantially throughout their entire length and provided with means at their outer ends for being Secured to each other upon being oppositely wound about the metaearpus and carpus of the wearer, one of said laterally extending portions being provided intermediate its ends with an Opening for receiving the thumb of the wearer therethrough.
5. As a new article of manufacture, a flexible glove-like body having openings provided thereinventon, what is in for the extension of the phalanges of the wearer therethrough, laterally and oppositely extending flexible members Secured to said body both of which are tapered substantially throughout their entire length and provided at their extremities with means for being Secured to each other upon being oppositely wound about the hand of the Wearer.
o, s a new article of manufacture, a fiexible g love-like body having openings provided therein for the extension of the phalanges of the wearer therethrough, laterally and oppositely extending fiexible members Secured to said body both of which are tapered substantially throughout their entire length and provided at their extremities -with means for being secured to each other upon being oppositely wound about the V hand of the wearer, one of said members being provided with an Opening that is in registry with one of the aforementioned openings upon being wound about the hand oi the wearer, whereby the thunib. of the wearer may extend there. through.
7. As a new article oi manufacture, a fiexible and padded glove-like body having openings provided therein for the extension of the phalanges of the wearer therethrough, laterally and oppositely extending flexible members Secured to said body both of which are tapered substantialiy throughout their entire length and provided at their extremites with means for being seeured to .each other upon being oppositelv wound about the hand oi the weerer.
8. A hand. oroteotor comprising a flexble glove-like body including o tubulor portion .for the reception of a thumb of the wearer, laterally end oppositely extending straps oarried by said body that ore tapered substantially throughout their entire length and which are provided with means for seeuring the some upon being oppositely wound about the metacarpus and oarnusv Of. the Weai'er, one of said straps being provided intermediate its ends with an. Opening receiving said tobulai' portion when the strap is wound about the warer.
US702471A (en) * 1901-06-14 1902-06-17 Spalding & Bros Ag Hand-guard and wrist-supporter.
US792662A (en) * 1904-12-23 1905-06-20 Alexander R Liebenstein Glove-protector.


The group came at the invitation of Delegate Stacy Plaskett.
Pelosi added that the representatives accompanying her on the trip are members of important committees that affect the distribution of funds from the V.I., including Financial Services and Appropriations, to which, Plaskett said Treasury and Housing and Urban Development report.
Plaskett added that some of the territory's "pre-existing" circumstances, including disparities in federal funding, health, and what the territory receives from the Federal Highway Administration in funding for roads exacerbated the damage caused by September's hurricanes. Medicaid reimbursements and the percentage of Medicaid costs paid by the territory were also concerns, Plaskett said, explaining that what the territory pays, about 40 percent, is not based on its population. Had it been, Medicaid costs paid out would be about 20 percent, she said.
"Congress, in its disaster relief efforts, said it's going to pay 100 percent, but after a certain period, that drops off and the members of Congress are concerned about that," Plaskett said.
According to V.I. Water and Power Authority officials, the delegation was also briefed while on island on how federal funds awarded to the territory for disaster relief and restoration are being spent, including effort to rebuild a "more resilient electric grid, adding more renewables to the electric system to reduce reliance on fossil fuels," and undergrounding projects. FEMA has obligated $600 million for mitigation projects and in a statement, WAPA head Lawrence Kupfer added that the authority is also working with the administration on spending additional HUD money earmarked for WAPA for mitigation.


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libaal 1.0.6 has been released. Please, update PKGBUILD.
I've had libaal from AUR, 1.0.5-5. What to do?
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Thank you, I've updated the source link.
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Wake Forest University School of Medicine has received $4,729,778 from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation for continued support of the Faith in Action national office. The national office is directed by Burton V. Reifler, M.D., M.P.H., professor of psychiatry and behavioral medicine (geriatric psychiatry.) The additional money brings the total received by Wake Forest to $13,308,257 since Faith in Action moved to Wake Forest in February, 2001.
Originally launched by the foundation in 1983, Faith in Action is a nationwide interfaith volunteer caregiving program. Through the national office, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation makes grants to groups representing many faiths who volunteer to work together to care for their neighbors who have long-term illnesses or disabilities.
Faith in Action volunteer activities may include shopping for groceries, providing rides to medical appointments, cooking meals, doing light housework, running errands and providing companionship through visiting or phoning. Volunteers also may provide respite care and relief for family caregivers. Volunteers come from churches, synagogues, mosques and other houses of worship as well as from the community at large.
Faith in Action provides grants of up to $35,000 to groups interested in establishing or building such interfaith partnerships. Since the move to Wake Forest, Faith in Action has funded 342 programs for a total of $11,932,019 on behalf of the foundation.
The national office provides ongoing assistance to all applicants ranging from advice on grant writing to managing a local caregiving program.
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the nation's largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to health and health care.


1. Access to useful tools and information. We've loaded this app with industry information and tools you can use and share. A sample of some of the information available includes: technical papers about vinyl recycling and sustainability; a list of vinyl recyclers by state and province; a listing of all the vinyl industry events and registration information for each; and fact sheets about topics most frequently asked about.
2. Share information quickly and easily. Information in the Vinyl Facts, Issue Briefs, Vinyl Building Council and Education Programs sections are shared easily by selecting a topic and clicking on the share icon in the upper right corner of the app, which allows you to send the information via email.
3. Inform federal legislators about important industry issues. The "Take Action" section allows you to send emails about important issues directly to specific federal legislators to let them know how proposed legislation impacts your company.
4. Access industry and legislative contacts. The directory section includes both a state and federal legislative directory. Vinyl industry information such as number of facilities, number of employees and economic impacts per legislative district is added to the profiles of congressional members who have facilities in their districts. This section also has contact formation for all the vinyl industry associations, and allows you to call and or email those contacts directly from the app.
5. Add industry events to your calendar. We've added event information from more than eight vinyl industry trade associations to the event section of the app, which allows you to add one or more events to your calendar. Each event listed includes a link to the event registration and information web pages where available.
Updates and more information are being added each month to ensure that you have the latest information at your fingertips.


text:
Discussion: Cincinnati Federation of Colored Women's Clubs at the Cincinnati Public Library
Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County 800 Vine Street Cincinnati, OH, 45202 United States (map)
Throughout history women have had to fight obstacles to power and to overcome perceptions of their role in society. This February, for Black History Month, the Main Library will showcase African-American women who refused to take a limited role, and became leaders who made a difference in the Cincinnati community.
Join us on Feb. 3 for the first event: Historian John Harshaw and members of the Cincinnati Federation of Colored Women talk about one of the oldest African-American women's organizations in the U.S. Established in 1904 with a mission to cultivate and educate women; the federation had 40 chapters by the 1950s. The women established day cares, cultural art groups, and scholarship awards. They also provided clothes and food for needy families, and volunteers for hospitals and retirement homes. The program also looks at efforts to preserve and renovate the federation's clubhouse, a Samuel Hannaford-designed mansion and registered national historic landmark, at 1010 Chapel Street in Walnut Hills.
Creative Lady Coffee Hour
Green Valentines