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Marbury v. Madison: The Supreme Court Case that introduced Judicial Review
February 24, 1803 (updated June 2, 2020) Published by Lee Floyd
The first pivotal case by a young U.S. Supreme Court was Marbury v. Madison – a landmark case in United States law and in the history of law worldwide. It formed the foundation for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. This was the first time in Western history a court invalidated a law by declaring it "unconstitutional" without a demonstration that a particular statue conflicted with the language of state constitutions or federal law.
In Marbury v. Madison we witnesses the greatest power grab in the history of our republic, above even FDR's "New Deal" and LBJ's "Great Society," where the majority opinion written by America's second chief justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall, forever expanded the court's power beyond the bounds of the Constitution by infusing it with godlike power and authority of "judicial review." In other words, from that point forward in our American constitutional history, a majority of five or more members of this formerly weakest branch of government could invalidate any law passed by Congress and by the state legislatures in any or all of the 50 states it decided was unconstitutional simply because a majority of members on the court didn't like said law – We the People be damned! From that moment onward, the separation-of-powers doctrine became perverted as the court repeatedly usurped unbounded constitutional powers not accorded by the constitutional framers.
Lord Acton answered such unbridled power in a famous aphorism, "Power corrupts, but absolute power corrupts absolutely."
Seventeen years after the Marbury v. Madison case, in an 1820 letter by Thomas Jefferson to his friend, William C. Jarvis, one can still see the havoc Chief Justice Marshall caused to the Constitution and against America:
To consider the judges as the ultimate arbiters of all constitutional questions [is] a very dangerous doctrine indeed, and one which would place us under the despotism of an oligarchy. Our judges are as honest as other men and not more so. They have with others the same passions for party, for power, and the privilege of their corps. Their maxim is boni judicis est ampliare jurisdictionem [good justice is broad jurisdiction]. … The Constitution has erected no such single tribunal, knowing that to whatever hands confided, with the corruptions of time and party, its members would become despots. It has more wisely made all the departments co-equal and co-sovereign within themselves.
WILLIAM MARBURY v. JAMES MADISON, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
5 U.S. 137
FEBRUARY, 1803 Term Chief Justice Marshall delivered the opinion of the court.
In the order in which the court has viewed this subject, the following questions have been considered and decided:
1st. Has the applicant a right to the commission he demands?
2dly. If he has a right, and that right has been violated, do the laws of his country afford him a remedy?
3dly. If they do afford him a remedy, is it a mandamus issuing from this court?
The first object of enquiry is: Has the applicant a right to the commission he demands?
His right originates in an act of congress passed in February, 1801, concerning the district of Columbia. This law enacts, "that there shall be appointed in and for each of the said counties, such number of discreet persons to be justices of the peace as the president of the United States shall, from time to time, think expedient, to continue in office for five years."
It appears, from the affidavits, that in compliance with this law, a commission for William Marbury as a justice of peace for the county of Washington, was signed by John Adams, then president of the United States; after which the seal of the United States was affixed to it; but the commission has never reached the person for whom it was made out.
In order to determine whether he is entitled to this commission, it becomes necessary to enquire whether he has been appointed to the office. For if he has been appointed, the law continues him in office for five years, and he is entitled to the possession of those evidences of office, which, being completed, became his property.
The 2d section of the 2d article of the constitution, declares, that "the president shall nominate, and, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not otherwise provided for." The third section declares, that "he shall commission all the officers of the United States." An act of congress directs the secretary of state to keep the seal of the United States, "to make out and record, and affix the said seal to all civil commissions to officers of the United States, to be appointed by the President, by and with the consent of the senate, or by the President alone; provided that the said seal shall not be affixed to any commission before the same shall have been signed by the President of the United States."
These are the clauses of the constitution and laws of the United States, which affect this part of the case. They seem to contemplate three distinct operations:
1st, The nomination. This is the sole act of the President, and is completely voluntary.
2d. The appointment. This is also the act of the President, and is also a voluntary act, though it can only be performed by and with the advice and consent of the senate.
3d. The commission. To grant a commission to a person appointed, might perhaps be deemed a duty enjoined by the constitution. "He shall," says that instrument, "commission all the officers of the United States."
This is an appointment by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, and is evidenced by no act but the commission itself…. The last act to be done by the President, is the signature of the commission. He has then acted on the advice and consent of the senate to his own nomination. The time for deliberations has then passed. He has decided. His judgment, on the advice and consent of the senate concurring with his nomination, has been made, and the officer is appointed. This appointment is evidenced by an open, unequivocal act; and being the last act required from the person making it, necessarily excludes the idea of its being, so far as respects the appointment, an inchoate and incomplete transaction.
The signature is a warrant for affixing the great seal to the commission; and the great seal is only to be affixed to an instrument which is complete. It asserts, by an act supposed to be of public notoriety, the verity of the Presidential signature.
It is never to be affixed till the commission is signed, because the signature, which gives force and effect to the commission, is conclusive evidence that the appointment is made.
The commission being signed, the subsequent duty of the secretary of state is prescribed by law, and not to be guided by the will of the President. He is to affix the seal of the United States to the commission, and is to record it.
This is not a proceeding which may be varied, if the judgment of the executive shall suggest one more eligible; but is a precise course accurately marked out by law, and is to be strictly pursued. It is the duty of the secretary of state to conform to the law, and in this he is an officer of the United States, bound to obey the laws. He acts, in this regard, as has been very properly stated at the bar, under the authority of law, and not by the instructions of the President. It is a ministerial act which the law enjoins on a particular officer for a particular purpose….
The discretion of the executive is to be exercised until the appointment has been made. But having once made the appointment, his power over the office is terminated in all cases, where, by law, the officer is not removable by him. The right to the office is then in the person appointed, and he has the absolute, unconditional, power of accepting or rejecting it.
Mr. Marbury, then, since his commission was signed by the President, and sealed by the secretary of state, was appointed; and as the law creating the office, gave the officer a right to hold for five years, independent of the executive, the appointment was not revocable; but vested in the officer legal rights, which are protected by the laws of his country.
To withhold his commission, therefore, is an act deemed by the court not warranted by law, but violative of a vested legal right.
This brings us to the second enquiry; which is, 2dly. If he has a right, and that right has been violated, do the laws of his country afford him a remedy?
The very essence of civil liberty certainly consists in the right of every individual to claim the protection of the laws, whenever he receives an injury. One of the first duties of government is to afford that protection. The government of the United States has been emphatically termed a government of laws, and not of men. It will certainly cease to deserve this high appellation, if the laws furnish no remedy for the violation of a vested legal right.
By the constitution of the United States, the President is invested with certain important political powers, in the exercise of which he is to use his own discretion, and is accountable only to his country in his political character, and to his own conscience. To aid him in the performance of these duties, he is authorized to appoint certain officers, who act by his authority and in conformity with his orders.
In such cases, their acts are his acts; and whatever opinion may be entertained of the manner in which executive discretion may be used, still there exists, and can exist, no power to control that discretion. The subjects are political. They respect the nation, not individual rights, and being entrusted to the executive, the decision of the executive is conclusive. The application of this remark will be perceived by adverting to the act of congress for establishing the department of foreign affairs. This office, as his duties were prescribed by that act, is to conform precisely to the will of the President. He is the mere organ by whom that will is communicated. The acts of such an officer, as an officer, can never be examinable by the courts.
But when the legislature proceeds to impose on that officer other duties; when he is directed peremptorily to perform certain acts; when the rights of individuals are dependent on the performance of those acts; he is so far the officer of the law; is amenable to the laws for his conduct; and cannot at his discretion sport away the vested rights of others.
The conclusion from this reasoning is, that where the heads of departments are the political or confidential agents of the executive, merely to execute the will of the President, or rather to act in cases in which the executive possesses a constitutional or legal discretion, nothing can be more perfectly clear than that their acts are only politically examinable. But where a specific duty is assigned by law, and individual rights depend upon the performance of that duty, it seems equally clear that the individual who considers himself injured, has a right to resort to the laws of his country for a remedy.
If this be the rule, let us enquire how it applies to the case under the consideration of the court.
The power of nominating to the senate, and the power of appointing the person nominated, are political powers, to be exercised by the President according to his own discretion. When he has made an appointment, he has exercised his whole power, and his discretion has been completely applied to the case.
The question whether a right has vested or not, is, in its nature, judicial, and must be tried by the judicial authority. If, for example, Mr. Marbury had taken the oaths of a magistrate, and proceeded to act as one; in consequence of which a suit had been instituted against him, in which his defence had depended on his being a magistrate; the validity of his appointment must have been determined by judicial authority.
So, if he conceives that, by virtue of his appointment, he has a legal right, either to the commission which has been made out for him, or to a copy of that commission, it is equally a question examinable in a court, and the decision of the court upon it must depend on the opinion entertained of his appointment.
That question has been discussed, and the opinion is, that the latest point of time which can be taken as that at which the appointment was complete, and evidenced, was when, after the signature of the president, the seal of the United States was affixed to the commission.
It is then the opinion of the court: 1st. That by signing the commission of Mr. Marbury, the president of the United States appointed him a justice of peace, for the county of Washington in the district of Columbia; and that the seal of the United States, affixed thereto by the secretary of state, is conclusive testimony of the verity of the signature, and of the completion of the appointment; and that the appointment conferred on him a legal right to the office for the space of five years. 2dly. That, having this legal title to the office, he has a consequent right to the commission; a refusal to deliver which, is a plain violation of that right, for which the laws of his country afford him a remedy.
It remains to be enquired whether, 3dly. He is entitled to the remedy for which he applies. This depends on, 1st. The nature of the writ applied for, and, 2dly. The power of this court.
1st. The nature of the writ.
If one of the heads of departments commits any illegal act, under the color of his office, by which an individual sustains an injury, it cannot be pretended that his office alone exempts him from being sued in the ordinary mode of proceeding, and being compelled to obey the judgment of the law. How then can his office exempt him from this particular mode of deciding on the legality of his conduct, if the case be such a case as would, were any other individual the party complained of, authorize the process?
It is not by the office of the person to whom the writ is directed, but the nature of the thing to be done that the propriety or impropriety of issuing a mandamus, is to be determined. Where the head of a department acts in a case, in which executive discretion is to be exercised; in which he is the mere organ of executive will; it is again repeated, that any application to a court to control, in any respect, his conduct, would be rejected without hesitation.
But where he is directed by law to do a certain act affecting the absolute rights of individuals, in the performance of which he is not placed under the particular direction of the President, and the performance of which, the President cannot lawfully forbid, and therefore is never presumed to have forbidden; as for example, to record a commission which has received all the legal solemnities, it is not perceived on what ground the courts of the country are further excused from the duty of giving judgment, that right be done to an injured individual, than if the same services were to be performed by a person not the head of a department….
It was at first doubted whether the action of detinue was not a specified legal remedy for the commission which has been withheld from Mr. Marbury; in which case a mandamus would be improper. But this doubt has yielded to the consideration that the judgment in detinue is for the thing itself, or its value. The value of a public office not to be sold, is incapable of being ascertained; and the applicant has a right to the office itself, or to nothing. He will obtain the office by obtaining the commission, or a copy of it from the record.
This, then, is a plain case for a mandamus, either to deliver the commission, or a copy of it from the record; and it only remains to be enquired, Whether it can issue from this court.
The act to establish the judicial courts of the United States authorizes the supreme court "to issue writs of mandamus, in cases warranted by the principles and usages of law, to any courts appointed, or persons holding office, under the authority of the United States."
The secretary of state, being a person holding an office under the authority of the United States, is precisely within the letter of the description; and if this court is not authorized to issue a writ of mandamus to such an officer, it must be because the law is unconstitutional, and therefore absolutely incapable of conferring the authority, and assigning the duties which its words purport to confer and assign.
The constitution vests the whole judicial power of the United States in one supreme court, and such inferior courts as congress shall, from time to time, ordain and establish. This power is expressly extended to all cases arising under the laws of the United States; and consequently, in some form, may be exercised over the present case; because the right claimed is given by a law of the United States.
In the distribution of this power it is declared that "the supreme court shall have original jurisdiction in all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party. In all other cases, the supreme court shall have appellate jurisdiction."
It has been insisted, at the bar, that as the original grant of jurisdiction, to the supreme and inferior courts, is general, and the clause, assigning original jurisdiction to the supreme court, contains no negative or restrictive words; the power remains to the legislature, to assign original jurisdiction to that court in other cases than those specified in the article which has been recited; provided those cases belong to the judicial power of the United States.
If it had been intended to leave it to the discretion of the legislature to apportion the judicial power between the supreme and inferior courts according to the will of that body, it would certainly have been useless to have proceeded further than to have defined the judicial powers, and the tribunals in which it should be vested. The subsequent part of the section is mere surplusage, is entirely without meaning, if such is to be the construction. If congress remains at liberty to give this court appellate jurisdiction, where the constitution has declared their jurisdiction shall be original; and original jurisdiction where the constitution has declared it shall be appellate; the distribution of jurisdiction, made in the constitution, is form without substance.
Affirmative words are often, in their operation, negative of other objects than those affirmed; and in this case, a negative or exclusive sense must be given to them or they have no operation at all.
It cannot be presumed that any clause in the constitution is intended to be without effect; and therefore such a construction is inadmissible, unless the words require it.
When an instrument organizing fundamentally a judicial system, divides it into one supreme, and so many inferior courts as the legislature may ordain and establish; then enumerates its powers, and proceeds so far to distribute them, as to define the jurisdiction of the supreme court by declaring the cases in which it shall take original jurisdiction, and that in others it shall take appellate jurisdiction; the plain import of the words seems to be, that in one class of cases its jurisdiction is original, and not appellate; in the other it is appellate, and not original. If any other construction would render the clause inoperative, that is an additional reason for rejecting such other construction, and for adhering to their obvious meaning.
To enable this court then to issue a mandamus, it must be shown to be an exercise of appellate jurisdiction, or to be necessary to enable them to exercise appellate jurisdiction.
It has been stated at the bar that the appellate jurisdiction may be exercised in a variety of forms, and that if it be the will of the legislature that a mandamus should be used for that purpose, that will must be obeyed. This is true, yet the jurisdiction must be appellate, not original.
It is the essential criterion of appellate jurisdiction, that it revises and corrects the proceedings in a cause already instituted, and does not create that cause. Although, therefore, a mandamus may be directed to courts, yet to issue such a writ to an officer for the delivery of a paper, is in effect the same as to sustain an original action for that paper, and therefore seems not to belong to appellate, but to original jurisdiction. Neither is it necessary in such a case as this, to enable the court to exercise its appellate jurisdiction.
The authority, therefore, given to the supreme court, by the act establishing the judicial courts of the United States, to issue writs of mandamus to public officers, appears not to be warranted by the constitution; and it becomes necessary to enquire whether a jurisdiction, so conferred, can be exercised.
The question, whether an act, repugnant to the constitution, can become the law of the land, is a question deeply interesting to the United States; but, happily, not of an intricacy proportioned to its interest. It seems only necessary to recognize certain principles, supposed to have been long and well established, to decide it.
That the people have an original right to establish, for their future government, such principles as, in their opinion, shall most conduce to their own happiness, is the basis, on which the whole American fabric has been erected. The exercise of this original right is a very great exertion; nor can it, nor ought it to be frequently repeated. The principles, therefore, so established, are deemed fundamental. And as the authority, from which they proceed, is supreme, and can seldom act, they are designed to be permanent.
This original and supreme will organizes the government, and assigns, to different departments, their respective powers. It may either stop here; or establish certain limits not to be transcended by those departments.
The government of the United States is of the latter description. The powers of the legislature are defined, and limited; and that those limits may not be mistaken, or forgotten, the constitution is written. To what purpose are powers limited, and to what purpose is that limitation committed to writing, if these limits may, at any time, be passed by those intended to be restrained? The distinction, between a government with limited and unlimited powers, is abolished, if those limits do not confine the persons on whom they are imposed, and if acts prohibited and acts allowed, are of equal obligation. It is a proposition too plain to be contested, that the constitution controls any legislative act repugnant to it; or, that the legislature may alter the constitution by an ordinary act.
Between these alternatives there is no middle ground. The constitution is either a superior, paramount law, unchangeable by ordinary means, or it is on a level with ordinary legislative acts, and like other acts, is alterable when the legislature shall please to alter it.
If the former part of the alternative be true, then a legislative act contrary to the constitution is not law: if the latter part be true, then written constitutions are absurd attempts, on the part of the people, to limit a power, in its own nature illimitable.
Certainly all those who have framed written constitutions contemplate them as forming the fundamental and paramount law of the nation, and consequently the theory of every such government must be, that an act of the legislature, repugnant to the constitution, is void.
If an act of the legislature, repugnant to the constitution, is void, does it, notwithstanding its invalidity, bind the courts, and oblige them to give it effect? Or, in other words, though it be not law, does it constitute a rule as operative as if it was a law? This would be to overthrow in fact what was established in theory; and would seem, at first view, an absurdity too gross to be insisted on. It shall, however, receive a more attentive consideration.
It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is. Those who apply the rule to particular cases, must of necessity expound and interpret that rule. If two laws conflict with each other, the courts must decide on the operation of each.
If then the courts are to regard the constitution; and the constitution is superior to any ordinary act of the legislature; the constitution, and not such ordinary act, must govern the case to which they both apply.
Those then who controvert the principle that the constitution is to be considered, in court, as a paramount law, are reduced to the necessity of maintaining that courts must close their eyes on the constitution, and see only the law.
This doctrine would subvert the very foundation of all written constitutions. It would declare that an act, which, according to the principles and theory of our government, is entirely void; is yet, in practice, completely obligatory. It would declare, that if the legislature shall do what is expressly forbidden, such act, notwithstanding the express prohibition, is in reality effectual. It would be giving to the legislature a practical and real omnipotence, with the same breath which professes to restrict their powers within narrow limits. It is prescribing limits, and declaring that those limits may be passed at pleasure.
That it thus reduces to nothing what we have deemed the greatest improvement on political institutions — a written constitution — would of itself be sufficient, in America, where written constitutions have been viewed with so much reverence, for rejecting the construction. But the peculiar expressions of the constitution of the United States furnish additional arguments in favor of its rejection.
The judicial power of the United States is extended to all cases arising under the constitution. Could it be the intention of those who gave this power, to say that, in using it, the constitution should not be looked into? That a case arising under the constitution should be decided without examining the instrument under which it arises? This is too extravagant to be maintained.
In some cases then, the constitution must be looked into by the judges. And if they can open it at all, what part of it are they forbidden to read, or to obey? There are many other parts of the constitution which serve to illustrate this subject. It is declared that "no tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state." Suppose a duty on the export of cotton, of tobacco, or of flour; and a suit instituted to recover it. Ought judgment to be rendered in such a case? ought the judges to close their eyes on the constitution, and only see the law. The constitution declares that "no bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed."
If, however, such a bill should be passed and a person should be prosecuted under it; must the court condemn to death those victims whom the constitution endeavors to preserve?
Why otherwise does it direct the judges to take an oath to support it? This oath certainly applies, in an especial manner, to their conduct in their official character. How immoral to impose it on them, if they were to be used as the instruments, and the knowing instruments, for violating what they swear to support!
The oath of office, too, imposed by the legislature, is completely demonstrative of the legislative opinion on the subject. It is in these words, "I do solemnly swear that I will administer justice without respect to persons, and do equal right to the poor and to the rich; and that I will faithfully and impartially discharge all the duties incumbent on me as according to the best of my abilities and understanding, agreeably to the constitution, and laws of the United States."
Why does a judge swear to discharge his duties agreeably to the constitution of the United States, if that constitution forms no rule for his government? if it is closed upon him, and cannot be inspected by him?
If such be the real state of things, this is worse than solemn mockery. To prescribe, or to take this oath, becomes equally a crime.
Thus, the particular phraseology of the constitution of the United States confirms and strengthens the principle, supposed to be essential to all written constitutions, that a law repugnant to the constitution is void; and that courts, as well as other departments, are bound by that instrument.
Source: http://law2.umkc.edu/Faculty/projects/FTrials/conlaw/marbury.html
Tags: 1800-09, 1803, constitution, James Madison, John Marshall, judicial review, landmark cases, Marbury v. Madison, Supreme Court, Supreme Court Justice, unconstitutional, William Marbury


Home / EcoZone / Calling Hikers and Paddlers!
Adventurers and Scientists for Conservation (ASC) is launching a project in the Gallatin Watershed to tackle microplastic pollution, and we need your help.
Starting this September, southwest Montana hikers and paddlers will have an opportunity to contribute to a comprehensive study of the Gallatin River and its tributaries. The Gallatin is home to some of the nation's most pristine landscapes and its best river recreation. The river is a lifeblood for our local communities, but preliminary ASC samples show that it is threatened by microplastic pollution.
Microplastics are an emerging problem for waters near and far, and this is an opportunity to join a community leading worldwide change.
The Gallatin Microplastics Initiative is an extension of the ASC Worldwide Microplastics Project, in which we've found microplastic pollution nearly everywhere in the marine environment. This spring we expanded the research into freshwater ecosystems worldwide, following plastic particles upstream. The local initiative is a targeted attempt to further understand this issue.
To obtain a clear picture of the problem locally, we will begin by sampling four times between September 2015 and June 2016, with continuing efforts in the years to come.
Once we've determined what types of plastic are in the Gallatin River and where they're entering, we will work with our partners—among them local NGOs, businesses and government—to stop it.
We will implement the data as a direct catalyst for change, using it to inform consumers and regulators, and to encourage corporate responsibility.
Bozeman, Big Sky and beyond: Let's work together to keep the Gallatin clear! We can't do this without you.
The Gallatin Microplastics Initiative is supported by grants from Patagonia, the Yellowstone Club Community Foundation, the Geo Family Foundation and the Norcross Wildlife Foundation. Our local partners include the Gallatin River Task Force, Upper Missouri Waterkeeper, Gallatin Local Water Quality District and the Montana Water Center.


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Today's handmade Christmas gift guide is all about us, Cat and I, or gifts for other ladies in your lives like sisters, Aunties and girl friends.
This list *may* be full of things we want for Christmas.
2. I love all that Lamina at Do A Bit creates, her hand printed pouches are stunning, Fuchsia Poppies pouch $150HKD, etsy store here.
3. Yes please, who wants a crochet granny square brooch or a hexagon chain brooch? Me, me, me! Ali from Ali Pink makes these and they are absolutely fabulous! $150 HKD each, etsy store here.
4. How lovely is this To Kill a Mockingbird brooch by House of Ismay? $129 HKD, etsy store here.
I am so thoughtful (or cheeky) that last month I put together an etsy Treasury list of Christmas presents that I'd love to receive, you can see it here.
What do you want for Christmas? Do tell us.


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Classics New unrest at VW: Can boss Diess prevail?
17:10 25 november 2020 Source: pressfrom.com
driving service with emission-free vehicles: Uber brings VW into the
team in Berlin © Uber Uber-Green fleet is now getting an E-Golf reinforcement. US travel agent Uber relies on emission-free vehicles in the German capital. At Uber Green, the Californians are now working with VW. Hundreds of VW electric vehicles are already on the streets of Berlin for a ride-hailing service. For the service We Share from VW subsidiary Umi , the E-Golf is used to a large extent.
Volkswagen CEO Herbert Diess . Photographer: Simon Dawson/Bloomberg. Listen to article. "Nokia is probably a good example of how such a change can happen—if you're not fast enough, you're not going to survive," Diess , 62, told Bloomberg at VW headquarters in Wolfsburg, Germany.
Mr Diess is taking on the tough task of turning a supertanker around. Tales abound of tensions between Mr Diess and Bernd Osterloh, VW 's pugnacious labour leader. Mr Osterloh has said that management should focus on its mishandling of new emissions tests in Europe, which delayed new
The dispute between Volkswagen Group CEO Herbert Diess and the employees' side, which was laboriously resolved in the summer, could reignite. The reason for this should include the manager's ideas about filling top positions.
© Sebastian Willnow / dpa-Zentralbild / dpa The dispute between Volkswagen Group CEO Herbert Diess and the employee side, which was laboriously settled in the summer, could be reignited by the manager's personal ideas.
According to information from the German Press Agency on Wednesday, Diess encounters resistance with some preferred candidates for management positions in the coming year.
Ferrari boss: Vettel does not exploit potential
Sebastian Vettel will definitely end the season at Ferrari - even if, according to Mattia Binotto, he does not drive to his limit. © Provided by sport1.de Ferrari boss: Vettel does not exploit potential Despite his rather moderate performance this year, Sebastian Vettel will end the 2020 Formula 1 season for Ferrari.
Volkswagen 's boss has warned that a deal with US authorities over its emissions scandal could take longer and cost more than expected. Speaking at the Geneva Motor Show, Matthias Mueller told the BBC that VW was still in "constructive dialogue" with regulators and hoped the firm would be "judged
VW boss Herbert Diess went on vacation with the new ID.3. Destination of the trip: Lake Garda. Diess has documented the trip together with his daughter on social media Thus Diess covered a distance of around 400 kilometers. Diess published a post on his profile on the professional network LinkedIn.
He is also said to have brought an early extension of his own contract, which runs until 2023, into play again. The chairman, who likes to be dashing and aggressive, reportedly failed as early as June - which led to a scandal in the supervisory board, as a result of which Diess had to apologize in order to avoid a possible impending recall. Works council chief Bernd Osterloh also sits in the closest circle of the supervisory body.
The group is primarily looking for a successor to CFO Frank Witter, who is highly valued within VW and who wants to quit in mid-2021 for personal reasons. Former head of finance for the core brand, Arno Antlitz - currently in the same position at Audi - is said to be a Diess favorite here. A replacement is also needed for former purchasing director Stefan Sommer, who gave up his post this year.
Ferrari boss reveals: This is how Vettel's removal went
The Grand Prix in Emilia Romagna will be Ferrari's third home race. In focus again: Sebastian Vettel and the background to the separation. © Provided by sport1.de Ferrari boss reveals: This is how Vettel's discharge The marriage between Sebastian Vettel and Ferrari is divorced - that has been clear for some time. But team boss Mattia Binotto has now revealed how he filed for divorce from the four-time world champion.
Volkswagen boss apologises for Nazi gaffe. Ex- VW boss charged over diesel scandal. The SEC said that as a result, Volkswagen "reaped hundreds of "We're not yet through the diesel scandal, it will probably still take years and it's a burden for us." That is what VW 's chief executive Herbert Diess
But Volkswagen 's new boss Herbert Diess said last month that spinning off Diesel & Turbo, Renk or motorcycle brand Ducati was a possibility as the Diess has pledged to speed up Volkswagen 's drive to become more efficient in the wake of its 2015 diesel emissions scandal, as it seeks to fund a costly
From those around the supervisory board it was said that Diess was now bringing "certain ideas". "There are differences of opinion." But it is too early to make decisions: "The matter has until February or March." The "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung" and the Bloomberg news agency had also reported on new discrepancies.
In the spring a conflict between Diess and Osterloh that had meanwhile been believed to have been pacified broke out again. Both had already clashed on the austerity program "Future Pact". Then the top of the works council accused the CEO of having put the colleagues on the lines of the new Golf and ID.3 under excessive pressure.
After internal information about production problems and his alleged wish for an early contract extension had leaked out, Diess accused supervisory board members of criminal behavior: "These are crimes that happen in the supervisory board and can obviously be assigned there." In front of other managers, he also criticized "signs of a lack of integrity". The investigations into market manipulation in the diesel scandal against himself and chief supervisor Hans Dieter Pötsch had only recently been suspended for a payment of 9 million euros.
VW boss sees the pandemic as the greatest short-term challenge
(Bloomberg) - The Chairman of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG, Herbert Diess, regards the coronavirus pandemic as the strongest short-term challenge for the world's largest car manufacturer. VW has a "healthy order backlog" and remains confident about sales in the coming weeks, Diess said on Thursday. But the company's development depends on how the major economies can get a grip on the disease and avert restrictions that would affect demand and the company's operations, he added.
VW boss Winterkorn's highs and lows. VW scandal explained. Also on Friday, further details of the brands and locations of the 11 million cars involved in image captionHerbert Diess is a newcomer at Volkswagen . Another potential successor is Herbert Diess , the current head of the Volkswagen brand.
Mueller's replacement with VW brand chief Diess follows slow progress in reorganizing the group's car brands, a key pillar of "Strategy 2025" to transform The new car brands will be Volume, Premium and Super Premium. Earlier on Thursday, sources had told Reuters that VW would reorganize its brands
There was head shaking in IG Metall, which is very influential at VW, and representatives from several locations expressed their "increasingly massive" concern about the company's appearance in an open letter. It was sometimes heard from owner circles that Diess was about to be kicked out. Then he showed himself together with Osterloh at company events in a new harmony. However, there have also been several reports that the management issue in the group has not yet been resolved in the medium term. At least some representatives of the major shareholders are observing further developments critically and closely.
"The owners are still behind Mr. Diess", it was said on Wednesday. But also on the subject of a possible early contract extension: "The question does not arise at the moment." Most recently, Audi boss Markus Duesmann and Porsche boss Oliver Blume were rumored to be conceivable aspirants for the overall management of the group.
Osterloh emphasized in the online network LinkedIn that he did not know of any disputes over board positions: "No supervisory board has ever dealt with the subject of personal data." He is optimistic that the right choice will be made in order to design the conversion with the right candidates - "in order to successfully develop Volkswagen together with Herbert Diess at the top over the next few years". The state of Lower Saxony - represented with two seats on the supervisory board - was silent on the subject. In addition to all criticism,
Shortly after the war, codetermination was introduced at Volkswagen. To this day, the VW works council has more rights than any other employee representation. © Photo: picture alliance / dpa Works council with power. Bernd Osterloh has been setting the tone in Wolfsburg since 2005. Democracy in the company, as co-determination is often called, is complex.
Diess also has many advocates. His strategy of setting up the world's largest car company with the recently launched ID series and other models as a provider of cheaper electric vehicles is perceived as bold in the industry. Investors praise his course of spending billions on digitization and at the same time increasing the profitability of the main brand - even if he recently had to leave management there to Ralf Brandstätter alone.
major investors also seem to back the VW group boss. Arndt Ellinghorst from the US investment house Bernstein, one of the busiest auto analysts on the financial scene, called for a word of power in an open letter to the owner families. In the summer, Diess' position was significantly weakened - but he enjoyed the trust of the overwhelming majority of owners on the way into the electric age. If Diess still has the full support of the Porsche / Piëch clan, this must be made clear.
The family did not want to comment on Wednesday. In the summer it was said: "The company has to get into calmer waters."
Other shareholders would like return pearls like Porsche to add more to value. The big hit has so far not been seen. Diess has set the bar high: VW's stock market value is expected to grow to 200 billion euros - currently it is only 80 billion, a fifth of the valuation of US rival Tesla of more than 400 billion euros. But it is not the big banks that have the say in Wolfsburg, but others: The Porsche and Piëch families hold 53 percent of the ordinary shares, the state of Lower Saxony 20 percent, and Qatar 17 percent.
Volkswagen has to throttle production due to semiconductor bottleneck - VW shares lower .
Volkswagen has to throttle vehicle production worldwide at the core brand and several group brands due to a shortage in semiconductors. © Provided by Finanz.net DANIEL ROLAND / AFP / Getty Images "The massively restricted delivery situation for semiconductors is causing significant disruptions in global vehicle production across all manufacturers," said the DAX group.
VW boss: Diess: "I have a contract until 2023 and I want to fulfill it"
Volkswagen boss Herbert Diess: "If the Green Deal comes, we will need 40 large
Volkswagen has to throttle production due to semiconductor bottleneck - VW...
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VW 's Boss Warns the Troops: We Don't Want to End Up Like Nokia
Volkswagen CEO Herbert Diess . Photographer: Simon Dawson/Bloomberg. Listen to article. "Nokia is probably a good example of how such a change can happen—if you're not fast enough, you're not going to survive," Diess , 62, told Bloomberg at VW headquarters in Wolfsburg, Germany. www.bloomberg.com
New Wave - VW 's newish boss is going full-steam | The Economist
Mr Diess is taking on the tough task of turning a supertanker around. Tales abound of tensions between Mr Diess and Bernd Osterloh, VW 's pugnacious labour leader. Mr Osterloh has said that management should focus on its mishandling of new emissions tests in Europe, which delayed new www.economist.com
Volkswagen boss warns US emissions deal could cost more
Volkswagen 's boss has warned that a deal with US authorities over its emissions scandal could take longer and cost more than expected. Speaking at the Geneva Motor Show, Matthias Mueller told the BBC that VW was still in "constructive dialogue" with regulators and hoped the firm would be "judged www.bbc.co.uk
"Start of a new era": VW boss Diess wants to catch up with Tesla with
Volkswagen and former boss face US lawsuit over Dieselgate
Volkswagen labour boss says will block sale of specialist assets
Volkswagen set to announce new boss - BBC News
VW names new boss to steer sweeping overhaul By Reuters

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Born in Argentina, Guisela Moro is an actress who is about to do some noise with her new project called « Hollow Creek » with the legendary Burt Reynolds.
Yannick Boutot : Hi Miss Moro, thank you very much for answering us. First, can you introduce yourself to Burt Reynolds' French fans and French films connoisseurs ?
Guisela Moro : Bonjour Everyone! I'm an actor, writer, director. My name is Guisela, Mr Reynolds and my fellow actor friends call me Gigi. I was born in Argentina and became a US citizen years ago when I moved to the United States to pursue my acting and filmmaking career.
YB : If you have to define you acting, which word would you use ?
YB : What can you tell us about your movie called « Hollow Creek » ?
GM : The plot line is: Seeking inspiration for his latest horror novel, a New York writer retreats to a remote cabin in the Appalachian mountains accompanied by his secret lover. Upon arrival they hear in the news about several boys missing in the area. A twist of fate turns the romantic interlude into an abduction murder case when the writer's lover follows a lead to one of the missing boys and she mysteriously goes missing. He then becomes the prime suspect of her disappearance… The film was shot mainly in the Appalachian Mountains, coal mine area in West Virginia and some of our scenes where shot in South Florida. Our fans and people in the industry that saw the movie are calling it : "A haunting thriller with a heart wrenching love story" they say it reminds them of the movie GHOST in a way… which is wonderful feedback!
YB : How did you write the screenplay of the movie ? Did you have this story in mind for a long time ?
GM : Four years ago I drove all the way from Washington DC to the Appalachian Mountains (in the middle of nowhere) to pick up a Newfoundland Puppy. I purchased my puppy from a really good breeder named Laura McKinney. She owns Rockcastle Newfoundlands and we quickly good friends with. While driving through the coal mine areas in Southern West Virginia I fell in love with the locations… so many abandoned, ghost towns… so many beautiful authentic places, there was an instant nostalgic feeling that bonded me with the place. I immediately told myself "I have write a script and shoot a movie here some day!" . I actually told Laura the first minute I met her "I love this place, someday I will make a movie here" I'm sure thought I was nuts! On my way back driving with my puppy in the the back seat I came up with the storyline for Hollow Creek, so basically my dog Brandy is the reason why we shot this film.
She is also in the movie as a cast member, played the role of Angelica's dog and did a great job! It took me about a year to write the script and then went on to write and work on more two scripts leaving HOLLOW CREEK On the shelf until I decided to produce it and the rest is history.
YB : How did you decide to direct this movie and what was it like on the set ?
GM : I don't know if I consciously decided to direct when I first started writing the script… it just happen organically. I guess because I had written the story and I had every character, every scene in my head as part of my imagination it was a natural step for me to direct. The first day on set was a bit frighting, I realized I had a wonderful cast and crew team, amazing locations, a strong lead actor Steve Daron and a great DP Jon Schellenger and I told myself: "Oh my God, here we are and now I have to direct and act BOTH, I better pull this one off… I better make them believe I can do this!" … and I have to say that I enjoyed every step of it. It was was a special, humble experience. I learned so much each day on set. I learned to trust each one of my crew members, specially my DP. The graceful people from West Virginia opened their doors and helped us make this movie, they've been so generous in so many ways. So we ended up with great friends who helped and some very talented artists that are now part of our Hollow Creek family, the results show on stellar footage. Having a committed, hard working, talented team is key in making a successful film, and Hollow Creek is a result of that: great team work.
YB : How did you work with two difficult kind of actors : dogs and children ?
YB : How did you get Burt Reynolds to play in your movie ? Can you tell us a little bit more about his part in the movie ?
GM : Mr Reynolds is our acting coach at BRIFT. We showed him a rough cut of some of the scenes that we had already shot in WV and he kindly accepted to play a special appearance as SEAGRASS LAMBERT, a rich coal mine tycoon and the grandfather of one of the missing boys in the movie. Steve Daron and I, plus another 13 characters in HOLLOW CREEK are his masters actors, we are part of Mr Reynolds master class at BRIFT. He is the most generous, giving, inspiring acting coach I have ever had… He has given so much back, no other screen legend of his caliber that I know of has done what he has… he is not retired living behind closed doors in a rich Beverly Hills mansion in CA, instead he chose to live in Jupiter Florida and to dedicate his life and his heart to his students. We owe him so much, I will always be greatful to him for this.
YB : What was it like to have creative control on your own picture ?
GM : If I were to chose one word to describe it, it would be : PRICELESS.
I believe in my heart that Art cannot be created if it's pressured and controled by the goal of money making, the end result instead of Art would be a manufacture product and there is a big difference there… Art is pure and perfect when the artist behind it is free. So for me to have creative control is to have freedom.
YB : Is the movie completed ? What is the next step ?
GM : We are on our final stages of post production, starting with color correction next week, film will be completed in the next month or so. The next step is to have Test Screenings in Florida and in West Virginia then we've been offered by the WV film commission to share part of their booth in the AFM (American Film Market) in November. We are working as we speak with our sales and marketing consultant from CA getting the movie ready for the AFM, our main goal is to reach a successful distribution deal and hopefully be able to move into the next project.
YB : What would you say to Burt Reynolds' French fans and French audience ?
GM : I want to say to each one of his fans in France THANK YOU for giving our beloved Mr Reynolds so much respect and love, we are aware here in the United States of the support France has giving him and his career over the years. Mr Reynolds has always talks wonderfully about your country, so mercie! Make sure you check out his performance in Hollow Creek, it's a small special appearance but a dramatic HEARTFELT, PASSIONATE one you won't forget.
YB : You have two other movies coming soon, what is your next goal and what can we wish you ?
GM : We have two other projects in our portfolio that we are looking to produce: a crime-action character driven movie called MOMENTS OF SILENCE and a Thriller based on true historic events called THE LAST HUNT to be shot mainly in Argentina. Wish us that we make the right choices that will keep us humble and able to produce great independent movies with a lot of production value. Wish us to find great investors!
YB : Thank you very much Miss Moro. It was a pleasure.


I am happy to work with you to design a one-of-a-kind guitar adding special touches in the details of the instrument. This includes but is not limited to special inlay work or heel carvings, neck profiles, scale lengths, or bindings and trim. My specialty has long been hand cut, hand inlaid, hand engraved pearl and abalone inlays. If I can draw it, I can cut and inlay it for you and there are almost no limits. The engraving adds dimension and detail to the inlays and is quite unique to my work.
Keep in mind that the bling does not add to the tone or power and presence of the finished instrument, only the visual appeal and cost. It is not something I even often recommend as I am a strong proponent of function over fancy and prefer to keep the instrument relatively simple, understated, and a player's dream in performance. My focus is on SOUND first and foremost. Next is playability. I believe my guitars are musical instruments rather than works of art; function over form.
If you have something special in mind, contact me and we will work out the design concepts. I do enjoy this kind of work and after 50 years of practice, have almost mastered it!


text:
Q: Javascript : Detect if a String contain url image I have the following String :
var str = "Hello, i would like to show this image : http://logonoid.com/images/stack-overflow-logo.png" ;

I would like to create a function which detect the presence of image urls and return a 2 things :

*

*The new String without the image url

*An array containing image url found in the String.

How can i do that ?

A: You can try something like this, i am checking for an image file extension
var str = "Hello, i would like to show this image : http://logonoid.com/images/stack-overflow-logo.gif" ;
var test = (/\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|tiff|png)$/i).test(str)

if it finds a match it will return true otherwise false
Fiddle

A: Are you familiar with regular expressions? Because the things you ask are pretty easy:
the regex to detect an URL is
^(http|https)://

and in Javascript that would be:
str.match(^(http|https)://);

Now it is up to you to find out how to save the correct output.

A: You can use the following to match:
(https?:[^\s]+)

*

*Group 1 will give the list of urls.. you can replace them with '' empty string to get the new string.

See DEMO

A: Simple way could looks like that
var str = "Hello, i would like to show this image : http://logonoid.com/images/stack-overflow-logo.png" ;
console.log(str.includes(":"));

if(str.includes(":") && ( (str.includes("http") || str.includes("https")) )){
  var newOutput = str.split(":");
  for(var i in newOutput){
  console.log("[" + i + "]: " + newOutput[i]);
  }

  var message= newOutput[0];
  var urlImage= newOutput[1] + newOutput[2];

  console.log("message: " + message +" , URL: " + urlImage);
}else{
 console.log("no URL find");
}

You can use match for that "if" and it will looks better :o)

A: Shortest way to do it I think:
console.log(newVal.match(/\.(jpeg|jpg|png|gif)/g) != null);

if it finds a match it will return true otherwise false

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Permit me the honor of extending to you all the support, empathy, and encouragement I can muster as you cope with the aftermath of the cowardly, barbaric bombing attacks of July 7th. My thoughts and prayers have been with you since I heard the news. Britain and the United States once again find themselves with a commonality, a shared experience that draws us close to one another. We owe the very existence of our beloved country to brave settlers of English stock. we share a common language, a common ancestry, and a common cause: the cause of Freedom. While we purchased our independence from you in blood, we have re-established a bond of friendship and kinship in the same blood. Time and again, our two countries have proven each others' staunchest allies. And just as you stood by us in the dark days following 9/11, so we will stand by you now.
Watching the news coverage, I was deeply moved. And while I was moved to sorrow and anger and disgust at the savagery visdited upon you, I was most deeply moved, and stirred, by your response. It was the response of a Britain that I hoped, and believed, still existed. I was inspired by the defiance, the resolve, the courage you displayed. It speaks to your character as a culture that you fight the hardest, stand the straightest, and endure the bravest when your backs are against the wall. When I think of Britain in times like this, I think of one phrase: Bloodied but unbowed. Your ancestors who stood up to the Armada, or to the Luftwaffe, would have recognized themselves in you yesterday.
Upon this battle depends the survival of Christian civilization. upon it depends our own British life and the long continuity of our institutions and our Empire. The whole fury and might of the enemy must very soon be turned on us now. [Al Quaeda] knows that it will have to break us in this island or lose the war. If we can stand up to them, all Europe may be free and the life of the world may move forward into broad, sunlit uplands. But if we fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known and cared for, will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age, made more sinister, and perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted [religion]. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will say, "This was their finest hour."
As my more regular readers know, I've stayed away from the grill for a couple of weeks. But this past weekend, I was ready to get back into the game. I picked up a roughly 2-lb. piece of buffalo (American Bison) tri-tip from our local butcher the other day, and desperate for a new recipe, I came up with the following. In my mind, it wasn't much of a recipe, but The Feared Redhead insisted I post it. It requires the use of a grill outside, AND a stove inside (or you can put the skillet on the grill).
buffalo tri-tip roast, 2 lbs.
Apply dry rub to steak. One of these days, when I've codified it, I'll provide my own rub recipe, but for now, any good grilling rub intended for beef will do. Place the meat on a grill heated to medium to high heat, turning every 5 minutes, until a meat thermometer inserted into the thickest part of the meat registers the desired temperature. I prefer roughly 150 degrees F, or medium rare.
Buffalo is a tricky meat to cook. If done right, it's tenderer than beef, but it's also leaner, which means it's easier to overcook. For steaks, 3-6 minutes a side is ideal. But when cooking meat of roast thickness, things get dicier. It's possible to dry out the outer layer of meat before the inside is at the proper temperature. To prevent this, baste the roast with beer after each turn. When the meat is at the correct temperature, remove from the heat and let it rest.
Slice your bread into sandwich-sized lengths, then slice these down the middle. Rub each open side with olive oil, place on the grill for roughly 3 to 5 minutes, or until toasted.
Once the meat has rested for about 10-15 minutes, slice thinly across the grain. At this time, slice the tomatoes into round slices, about ¼ inch thick. Rinse the lettuce and break leaves off at the base. Do NOT cut the lettuce.
Slice your onion thinly. Crimini mushrooms (actually small versions of the portabella mushroom) should be sliced thicker, about ¼ inch in thickness. In a medium-sized skillet, heat the butter until it melts and begins to sizzle, but do not brown. Add your onion slices, sauté until clear. Add the mushrooms, continue to cook until the mushrooms begin to brown, add blue cheese. Continue to cook until the blue cheese begins to melt, remove from heat.
Place several slices of buffalo onto the bottom halves of the bread. Spoon on the mushrooms, onions, and cheese. Plate open-faced, place the lettuce and tomato slices on the second half of each sandwich. Serve with Gourmet kettle-cooked potato chips, Salt and Vinegar is an excellent choice of flavor.
Oh, and if you happen to have an extra bottle of the beer you used to baste the meat, well, that's not so unlucky either.
Sorry for the lack of posts the last couple of days, folks, I've been fighting a nasty virus. Should be back up to speed by Monday.


text:
Welcome back, America | Financial Times
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We're almost there, dear Swamp readers — a new administration is only hours away. When Ed and I began this newsletter almost four years ago, we knew that covering "money and power in Trump's America", as the Swamp Notes slogan goes, would keep us very busy. But we certainly couldn't have imagined just how singular the events of the past few years would be.
Before I go further, let me assure readers that we will continue covering the Swamp in this newsletter under Joe Biden's administration (though I am personally looking forward to not having to wade quite as deeply in the muck). You are wonderful readers: thoughtful, opinionated and well-informed. Keep the comments and suggestions coming — and on that note, we would particularly welcome thoughts on what you'd most like us to focus on during the new administration.
Rather than do a curtain raiser for the inauguration (for that, tune into the FT live blog on FT.com later on Tuesday and Wednesday, which we will be participating in along with several colleagues), I thought I'd write my final Note of the Trump administration on a few things I've learnt or re-learnt over the past few years, and how this president has influenced my own perspective on politics, economics and the news.
Below are a few of my thoughts, in no particular order. Ed, I'd love to hear at least one or two from you, as well as those of our readers!
1. Nothing resonates politically unless it reaches people at a gut level. This has been the great failure of the Democratic party over the past two decades. Bill Clinton was a policy guy but he could feel your pain. Barack Obama not so much. And certainly, the economic technocrats who have crafted policy for the left over the past several years have typically thought about people as data inputs into algorithms, rather than as flesh and blood individuals that live in real communities. Think, for example, about the constant push to move people where jobs are rather than the other way around. Going forward, if the left is to win back the working class, it must always, always keep in mind a human face at the end of the policy decisions. Otherwise, the midterm elections will be brutal.
2. A single truth embedded in a welter of lies is very effective. It's as true now as when Herman Melville made the point in his novel The Confidence-Man. Donald Trump is and was the ultimate conman, making people's heads spin by flinging high-speed lies across television and Twitter, but sometimes hitting some key point in the nation's felt experience (the sense of a rigged system, contempt for traditional working-class lifestyles from the left or even the true nature of our economy). That's one of the main things that made him so dangerous.
3. The medium is the message. Another truism, but one which Trump as well as digitally savvy Democrats such as Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez have shown to be truer than ever. I must say that I find this incredibly depressing, because I have yet to learn anything really meaningful — politically or economically — on social media. I also find it incredibly disturbing that platform giants in this country are basically still left to make their own rules. This is an issue the new administration must address as soon as possible, not only for its own political legitimacy (going easy on Big Tech isn't going to help them, or in particular Kamala Harris) but for its security over the next four years.
4. Place matters. The last two elections have made this obvious from a political standpoint, but I think it will be increasingly true economically as well. Not only will it be crucial to move wealth from the coasts to the interior of the country, but there are unique technological ways to do that now, with remote work, 3D printing and other decentralised manufacturing techniques, as well as advancements in digital identity. Place also matters at a global level. As I've written many times, I think that Trump was the symptom, not the cause, of the new tripolar world that we live in. The faultlines in neoliberalism were waiting to be exposed; he was just the guy who did it.
5. Elites must regain the trust of Main Street. Otherwise, we are on our way to American oligopoly — if indeed we aren't already there. The people who elected Trump might have been wrong to think he cared about them. But they weren't crazy to think the system is rigged. As anyone reading this newsletter knows, it is. Rebuilding trust and showing that the ruling class can rule well and fairly will be Biden's biggest job. I'm wishing him God speed.
Ed, as you've pointed out, the president's family is already setting up shop in the other Swamp — Florida. I was interested in this editorial in the Miami Herald about Mayor Francis Suarez's plan to court tech titans and financiers looking to relocate from San Francisco and New York to avoid rising taxes. Not a good look. But that never stopped anyone in Florida, as anyone who has read a Carl Hiaasen novel knows.
Make sure to tune in to not only the FT live blog on Tuesday and Wednesday, but also check out Ed, myself and our US managing editor Peter Spiegel on what to expect during the first 100 days of the Biden administration, in a special event on Tuesday at 12pm ET.
Also, don't miss several other great FT pieces from the past few days, including my colleague Gillian Tett's sharp piece on the risk of an inflation spike, Philip Stephens' assertion that Biden needs an America-first foreign policy (I'd agree), Ed's piece on why Trumpism will continue without the president, and for a political breather, this feature on why alternative hedonism would be good for all of us.
Edward Luce responds
Rana, I have a brief — but non-exhaustive — list of Trump-era observations to add to your very apposite suggestions.
Character matters. The choices that individuals make alter history. The history that I was taught at school, like most people of my generation (and before), was a series of kings and queens and various heroes (Walter Raleigh, Horatio Nelson, etc). I had that drummed out of me at university. EH Carr's classic What is History? rammed home the point that history should not be a series of biographies of great men. He was right — we should focus on history's larger structural forces. But I may have learnt the lesson too well. The Trump era gave me a strong reminder that the actions of individuals can change events for better or worse. Think of Georgia's secretary of state, Brad Raffensperger, or Michigan's Aaron Van Langevelde, who joined his Democratic colleagues to sign off on his state's presidential election results. These two relatively obscure Republicans — and many others — have become pariahs in their own party for refusing to collaborate in a judicial coup. My schools of history have thus fused. People can make a difference. These are not admirals or monarchs; they are cogs in a machine that would collapse without them.
Listen more! I say this to myself as much as to anyone else. It also echoes the sign that Marty Baron, The Washington Post's editor, hung up in the newsroom: "Go talk to people." Reporters do this every day. As columnists, we are particularly vulnerable to the sound of our own voices. Again, the Trump era has underlined the importance of listening to different voices. Almost everyone I know abhors Trump, and did so all along. Yet 74m Americans came out to vote for him — the second highest tally in US presidential history (after Biden). Not all of them are cynical financiers looking to pocket more tax cuts, or Proud Boy-types seeking to abolish the 20th century. What November drove home was that America's divides are Himalayan. We can sit around complaining to like-minded circles about the other side's irrationality and gullibility. Or we can try to figure out what it is that is driving them. To understand is to forgive, goes the saying. But to understand is also to win. Mutual ignorance could lead to the collapse of US democracy. The system cannot run on contempt.
Rana, I also fully share your sentiments on Swamp Notes readers — the most thoughtful, interactive and pleasant readership going. Don't go away!
And now a word from our Swampians . . .
In response to: 'America's domestic terrorist problem'
"It's the power of the media platforms, such as Facebook, that is the unprecedented driving force in upending existing democratic structures — plus the iPhone's power making every individual a potential identitarian, separatist, localist, etc. I don't think it's any good trying to put this in the old left-right frame. Nor is it anything but wishful thinking to believe that Europe, or the rest of the west, has somehow got a better model . . . The greatest danger of all in the UK is the blinkered, rear-view mirror complacency of much of the opinion-forming and policymaking ensemble that we can somehow get by, and hold together, in the ever-faster unfolding digital age without fundamental modernisation of democratic procedures, big constitutional reform and indeed changes in the the western philosophy of governance." — Lord David Howell of Guildford
"I fear that I agree with Fiona Hill, helpfully referenced in your Note. All the signs are that Trump was building up the lie about 'the steal' for months before the election. He and his gang are not entirely stupid and they can read the polls as well as anyone. So they created the seeds of the lie and then attempted to grow the tangled weeds of it from election day onwards. He had also, over his term, used raw political power with his base to bring elected Republicans into line and obedience. It all reminds me of The Godfather (including the presence of Don Junior) . . . In the short term, going to trial in the Senate has to be the right course of action. But there are no guarantees that the Trump clan will, guilty or not, go quietly from the scene. Hopefully, the commercial and legal pressures that a president cannot forgive will come to bear on the organisation and bring it down." — David Cutts, France
We'd love to hear from you. You can email the team on swampnotes@ft.com, contact Ed on edward.luce@ft.com and Rana on rana.foroohar@ft.com, and follow them on Twitter at @RanaForoohar and @EdwardGLuce. We may feature an excerpt of your response in the next newsletter.
The minimum wage alone can't save the US working class
Bank of America posts quarterly profit that exceeds analysts' expectations but revenue falls short


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Bridgett Riley has designed the temporary installation for the Chinati Foundation in Marfa TX. It will be unveiled on October 7, 2017.
The print below, "Going Across" was created by Riley in 2001. It is a silkscreen in an edition of 90. The image size is approximately 16-1/2" x 29". (More information on the Misc page of the website.


It wasn't loved at first sight the day I adopted Buddy back in Fall of 2007. It was more of a "what have I gotten myself into now" kind of moment. This 9 pounds skinny, white poodle mix, who looked more like a little lamb than a 2-year-old dog, was going to depend on me, and only me.
Regret began to stir in my head: What if he goes to the bathroom all over my new condo with my newly purchased furniture? What if he barks all day when I'm at work? I'll never be able to go away on vacation again! I wanted a more unique looking dog! Am I doing this because I just broke up with a boyfriend? I began to sweat with anxiety on the long drive home from the shelter, while Buddy whined in the back seat.
Then something changed. My vet gave me some training tips. I listened intently and put those tips to work. I started to slowly introduce Buddy to other dogs, starting with a friend's elderly, submissive Shih Tzu. Buddy and I got into a routine of waking up early and going on a 30 minute walk before work. After our walk, he would run around the condo squeaking his toys and wagging his tail. I caught myself smiling and laughing in the mirror while putting on my make up. I couldn't remember the last time I had laughed at 6am. My co-workers began to ask why I was so energized in the morning, and I had Buddy to thank for that. After work, I looked forward to getting home to see him greet me at the door with his 2-legged poodle hop.
Today, Buddy is a happy, 13 pound dog that will do almost anything for a treat. He has accepted my husband as part of our pack and my husband adores him as much as I do. It's hard to imagine a life without Buddy. Everyday is a joy and he gives the most unconditional love a dog can give. The best parts of my day are cuddling with my Budders.


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Latest Smart Mobile Phone Price and specification
Posted on: July 18, 2019 Posted by: Saif Ali Comments: 1
Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 Best Feature, Detail And Review
We will discuss about the Samsung Tab S6, The Korean manufacturer is planned to introduce the Samsung Galaxy Note 10 with its latest super tablet next August 7, a device that intends to be up to the iPad Pro 2019? For this, we've collected all the Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 design data and characteristics.
We understand that the Seoul-based company will eventually make the jump from S4 to S6, leaving the Galaxy Tab S5e facing the American manufacturer's standard iPad. So, what are the secrets that conceal the Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 to compete with the Apple tablet range crown jewel?A very comparable design to the one of its predecessor
The Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 looks very comparable in terms of structure to the Galaxy Tab S4. The unit is therefore quite smooth, with the buttons protruding minimally, although we have completed in metal, not glass, in this situation.
Best Review of Samsung Galaxy Tab S6
On the other side, betting on four speakers signed by AKG will continue to provide the phone with a great sound quality as well as a USB Type C. The same occurs with the front, which is very comparable. It has to be said, though, that we can see some very interesting modifications. First of all, we discover a slit in the back where the S-Pen is situated. Yes, in this scenario, one of the sides will not include the Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 accessory.
The reason? You can load the S Pen from the tablet directly. On the other side, we see he lost the earlier version's metal ring to have a top cover. Of course, to connect the headphones, we seem to lose the 3.5 mm jack.
Feature Of Samsung Galaxy Tab S6
Continuing with the back, we see the other excellent notable component in the Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 dual camera scheme. But why, if the photographic portion is the least significant in these systems, do we want this sort of scheme in a tablet? Well, it's going to have a ToF sensor to calculate the depth. Though it might also be a 13-megapixel camera with a wide angle of 5 megapixels.
With regard to the panel that mounts the next competitor of the iPad Pro 2019, the Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 screen is anticipated to have a 10.5 inch diagonal, UHD resolution and, eye, a fingerprint reader that is more than probably incorporated into the panel.
It will also arrive with the jewel in Qualcomm's crown, the Snapdragon 855, along with 6 GB of RAM and internal storage of 128 or 256 GB. A really solvent setup to be able to move without any issue any game or application.
And how much is buying the Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 going to cost? It is anticipated to be presented at a cost of around 700 euros on August 7, the same price as the Samsung Galaxy Tab S4 when it hit the market as an outstanding alternative to the iPad Pro.
Review of Samsung Galaxy Tab S6
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Calgary inventor finding success with heated winter gloves
Tom Babin
Ken Cheung of Calgary's Power in Motion shows off his heated gloves in this Eau Claire store
When Ken Cheung would ride his bike in the winter, like most people, his hands would get cold. But unlike most people, Cheung did something more than layer up and complain.
Cheung started tinkering. This is something he is good at. He's built his business on it. Power in Motion, located in Eau Claire mall, started out in 2006 when he started fitting pedal bikes with electric motors. Today, Cheung is on the fourth iteration of his uniquely designed battery-powered heated gloves, a product that has earned some die-hard converts and is drawing increasing interest from the bicycle industry.
Cheung invited me to check out the gloves recently at his shop, which is part retail store, part laboratory. Electric bikes remain the bread and butter of Power in Motion, but Cheung was excited to show off his heated gloves in the middle of winter, and to tell the unique story of their creation.
"I built it especially for cyclists, that was the goal," Cheung told me. "But we're seeing interest from all kinds of people."
Cheung comes off as a mad scientist turned entrepreneur. He trained in computers, specializing in crunching big data sets, but started his business out of a desire to promote more sustainable transportation. Since Power and Motion began, he's constantly innovated, developing a unique give-and-take with his customers, many of who seem happy to act as live beta testers for this growing line of constantly evolving electric-powered products.
When he first started looking into heated gloves, he said he was disappointed with other models on the market because they are too wimpy. With their tiny batteries, he didn't think they generated enough heat to make much of a difference while riding through a Calgary winter. So he fixated on the battery, becoming an armchair expert, not only in the inner-workings of electric power, but in the global battery industry as well. After some meticulous testing (he sends back to the factory any battery that dissatisfies him), he developed a unique 12-volt battery small enough to fit in the cuff of a thin winter glove.
During my visit, he pulled one of his gloves onto my right hand, and another onto my left that is powered by the smaller batteries used by competitors. Within moments, my right hand was toasty, while I barely registered heat in the other. "You see what I mean?" Cheung said enthusiastically. His model has three settings, the warmest up to 50 C. "Any warmer than that and you'd burn yourself," he says.
The gloves, which are actually liners intended to go inside your regular gloves, are heated by an element sewn into the fabric around the length of each finger and across the knuckles. The battery pack, about the size of a Blackberry, fits into a zippered pocket in the cuff. He also offers an extended cord, so you can carry the battery pack in a breast or jacket pocket and feed the cord through your sleeves.
What's most exciting for Cheung is that interest has come from areas far beyond the cycling world. Although he has hopes of distributing the gloves through the big bike industry players, he's also seen a steady stream of outdoor workers hitting his shop for the gloves. He's already working on the next improvement, and he's developing a whole line of products that can be powered by his battery, from heated socks to bike lighting systems.
You might be wondering, like I was, why you would need heated gloves in Calgary, especially during a winter that has been positively balmy like this year. Cheung says they aren't for every kind of cyclist, but they do expand the possibilities of winter riding, especially those increasing numbers hitting the trails on mountain or fat bikes. Or you could be one of those people working outside all day, or somebody who just hates cold fingers.
Whatever the market is, Cheung says it's growing, and he's got high hopes for his latest invention.
Follow me on Twitter , Google Plus, or subscribe to my posts on Facebook. Email me at tbabin@calgaryherald.com.
SAIT executive salaries signal end to Alison Redford's tax increase This month in history: February 1988 -- The Olympic cauldron


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Taraji P. Henson Knows Exactly 'What Men Want' in New Trailer
Ali Davis has the gift that we all wish we had in this 2019 rom-com.
By Emily Kane · Published on August 14th, 2018
50% of the time you ask someone the age-old question "If you could have a superpower, what would it be?" mind reading is going to be their response. The other 50% are going to say flying. Those are statistics I made up so please don't fact check me.
But really, how cool would it be if you had the ability to read people's minds? In the case of Ali Davis, played by Taraji P. Henson, we get a comedic take on mind reading as she can only hear the thoughts of men in the What Men Want trailer below.
After not receiving a promotion that she, as well as some other coworkers, thought she would get, Ali is sent by her friend to see a psychic woman who offers her a cup of tea. Ali then goes out drinking with friends where she drunkenly smacks her head and winds up the hospital.
When she wakes up, she hears the doctor say that starting today, he won't drink at work anymore. Ali confronts him but the doctor says he didn't say anything. It isn't until a car ride later on in the day with one of her male employees that Ali realizes she can hear the thoughts of men.
This, of course, can only lead to a number of shenanigans, but will also give Ali an edge over her colleagues as she tries to beat them in signing the NBA's next star. Her gift also helps her wind up at an all men private poker game that she originally didn't know about where she hears the thoughts of costars Tracy Morgan, Max Greenfield, and Shaquille O'Neal.
Just from the trailer alone, we hear some of the ridiculous things that Ali hears men say, like a valet attendant thinking "That cloud you're walking through? That's my farts." or Tracy Morgan questioning if he's having a stroke after he smells toast only to remember that he has a piece in his pocket.
Now, if you're unfamiliar with the 2000's film What Women Want starring Mel Gibson and Helen Hunt, then this may seem like a fun new story. And, in a way, it is. What Women Want follows the story of Nick Marshall who is gifted when it comes to seducing women. But when he loses a promotion to a woman, he realizes he knows nothing about the gender — until he is electrocuted into unconsciousness in his bathtub and wakes up with the ability to hear women's thoughts.
A key part of What Women Want also includes Nick's estranged daughter who he must reconnect with, but nothing in the new trailer indicated if Ali's character is a divorcée with a child. Nick also hears the thoughts of a suicidal coworker, but that obviously wasn't included in the new trailer either.
While there are some plot differences and questions that the trailer left us with, it's apparent that this modern take is the story that women everywhere will find relatable and entertaining. Without getting too political and off topic from the trailer, there are people in the world who don't think that women do still suffer a bit when it comes to the workplace, with things like the wage gap for example. But that's another discussion for another time. This is the story that women want to hear, and the recognition that they deserve when it comes to how they're treated in a work environment that is dominantly male.
Given everything that I've discussed so far, this seems like this will be a fun take on a woman in a man's world. However, What Men Want isn't just a comedy, it's a rom-com. So where does the romance come in?
Aldis Hodge plays Ali's love interest, whom at want point gets a pool cue to the crotch after Ali overhears his character saying he should "tap that ass" about a woman who is not his girlfriend.
Along with the fact that she's hearing things she definitely shouldn't like being secluded at work, we'll get to see how Ali's relationship holds up now that she can hear what her boyfriend is thinking. And I'm sure we'll get some sweeter moments when she hears all of the nice things that her man has to say about her.
Related Topics: Taraji P Henson, Tracy Morgan, Trailers
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This post was written by Hatchet reporter Melissa Schapiro.
Nigerian activist Bisi Alimi spoke to a crowd of GW students Monday, telling them to use the their freedom to change the lives of those being persecuted around the world.
Alimi made headlines in 2004 for being the first openly-gay Nigerian to appear on television. After coming out, he continued his work with the LGBT community as well as those affected by AIDS until repeated death threats caused him to flee in 2007. Allied in Pride and the College Democrats co-sponsored the Marvin Center event, which saw about 50 people in attendance.
American politicians are hesitant to deplore human rights conditions in Nigeria because the country provides the U.S. with an abundance of cheap oil, he said. That's an example of an area where young Americans have the ability to affect change and should take a stand, he added.
Alimi urged students to have conversations with the politicians whom they can access and to ask the tough questions. He insisted that young people need to challenge their leaders and hold them accountable for placing business interests ahead of basic human decency.
"Humane foreign policy should transcend trade, it should transcend arms deals [and] transcend war," he said.
Alimi added that there is still much to be done for human rights worldwide because of all the politicians who are content to look the other way. He applauded leaders like Hillary Clinton, who are publicly proclaiming their dedication to fight for the rights of everyone, regardless of nationality.
He pointed to Clinton's speech at the U.N. as a turning point in the discourse about marginalization in Africa, saying it helped the world see that it's a global issue and not just something to be handled within African nations.
Alimi currently works in London and teaches political science. He remains incredibly passionate about humanitarian efforts in Nigeria, working with organizations such as Naz Project London to raise awareness of the atrocities that are being committed and to help gay Africans who immigrate to England.
Kate Bell, community service director of GW's College Democrats chapter, was instrumental in bringing Alimi to campus. Bell said the College Democrats were "overwhelmingly excited" to welcome Alimi, and were inspired by his speech to bring more human rights speakers to campus.
"We need to recruit more speakers to come and talk to us and keep that conversation going," she said.
But she said the College Democrats want to do more than just talk. Aside from increasing the amount of speakers focusing on human rights concerns, she hopes to organize phone banks for students to call their representatives and talk about humanitarian issues.
"We definitely want to continue this momentum. Bisi has given us so much advice and motivation to go out and make tangible change," Bell said.


Not a smokebeer, but the label says subtle smokiness so this investigation ensued. Undertaker is alright. I'd drink it again. My friend is an undertaker and says people are dying to see him. Probably not the case with this beer, but that shouldn't be held against Vivant. Inspired in name after an actual undertaker, given that Brewery Vivant currently (2017) occupies an old funeral home. We'll just assume he or she enjoyed Belgian style dark ales that carry a surprisingly refreshing aftereffect. Not much head as you can see (I suppose) and not much to really offend the drinker. Just a middle of the road dark beer that lured SBM into reviewing it. A net gain undertaking. Overall score = 4 smokestacks.
Brewer's Description Belgian Inspired Dark Ale: 100% Michigan hops, roasted coffee notes, hints of black fruit dipped in chocolate, subtle smokiness with a surprisingly light body.
This entry was posted in Beer, Educate, Enlighten, rauchbier, Smokebeer and tagged 4 - 5, ale, Belgian, can, Michigan, not a smokebeer, Vivant. Bookmark the permalink.


A few months ago, the internet was up in arms because Kate Middleton showed a few grays.
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After you do, head over to Clair's Freebies to enter to win this same prize pack. That gives you two chances to win. This giveaway ends at 11:59pm EST on December 15, 2014. The winner will have 24 hours to respond before another winner will be selected. The winner must be a US resident who is 18 or older.


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Current (https://current.org/2010/06/uproar-in-charlottesville-over-pubradio-format-change/)
Uproar in Charlottesville over pubradio format change
By | June 30, 2010
A change in format at WTJU, the University of Virginia pubradio station in Charlottesville, is the subject of dueling forums, a walkout by a longtime DJ and an upcoming town hall meeting. The furor began, according to the C-Ville arts and news site, when new g.m. Burr Beard sent an internal e-mail describing "The All New Consistent and Reliable WTJU." The station currently plays an eclectic mixture of music selected by DJs. The proposal would drop the number of weekly hours for rock and jazz and institute a rotation of four songs per hour, chosen by department directors from 20 releases and electronically placed on a DJ's program log for airplay each hour. All this has not gone over well with DJ's, notes C-Ville. WTJU's former Rock Music Director Nick Rubin told Radio Survivor that station staffers and fans were "shocked and appalled" about the short notice and little debate over the change. But as Burr said in the internal email, obtained by C-Ville: "It's not enough to expose people to new music when it's just a smattering of all kinds of music." He added that the overhaul is a response to a downturn in fundraising and low station listenership—"7,500 weekly, the smallest of any noncomm station serving Charlottesville." In addition to his previous work as g.m. and program director of WXLV-FM at Lehigh Carbon Community College, Beard is "one of the great hammer dulcimer players of the late 20th and early 21st centuries," according to his website.
2 thoughts on "Uproar in Charlottesville over pubradio format change"
Senator Gronk on July 7, 2010 at 3:54 pm said:
The whole story can be deciphered from the most blog post on the situation from long-time station DJ Tyler Magill.
http://savewtju.blogspot.com/2010/07/40-el-grande-enchilada.html
It is an excellent presentation of the facts. The key to this whole issue is that WTJU is a cultural success in the Charlottesville community, but has fallen on tough times financially. However, instead of attacking the marketing and fundraising aspects of the station, they are attempting a radical format change. The new PD, and his betters at the University, initially wanted it to have occurred in two weeks, after bending to pressure from the community and the volunteer DJs they've stalled it until August.
In summary: They've chosen a risky and unproven direction for a station that has an unparalleled reputation, locked out 70% of the station's dedicated volunteer DJs from the future course of the station (entire classical department nixed), locked everyone out of the decision making, and dictated that all of this would happen in two weeks.
Now, the flip side is that for years the DJs themselves have predicted these shortfalls in revenue, begged for changes to the schedule, begged for access to the decision making process, begged for a better internet presence, all the while keeping the station successful and coherent.
Perhaps this sounds familiar? Perhaps the gap between the two sides is obvious? The solution is simple: collaboration.
Which is what the DJ's are asking for.
Something the powers that be are not pursuing. Save for a one-hour town-hall meeting on July 12th and a public forum on the WTJU site, there's no open planning meetings, informational sessions, engagement of station alumni (among whom are nationally known music performers and editorial personalities), or transparency. There's no indication of whether the forum or town hall will change their minds. There's also zero accountability. If they fail, they fail. And Charlottesville, and the rest of the country, lose another brilliant cultural resource.
(NB: In all fairness, I must mention that in the past 24 hours the University is showing signs of opening up the process, stay tuned… (the PD is still stone walling))
This kind of misguided "change" has ruined so many stations around the country. It won't ruin ours.
Feedback from other DJs that have suffered through similar situations would help our cause. Please comment on the savewtju.blogspot site, or join Keep WTJU Weird on Facebook, and help us save our station.