Have you ever dreamed of the day where your car could drive for itself freeing you to do other things, such as reading, catching up on emails, watching a movie, or sleeping rather than focus on the road while in the car? Automotive manufacturers and transportation technology vendors are rapidly progressing us to that goal. Indeed, we discuss that "Autonomous Everything" is one of the four key parts of our AI-Enabled Vision of the Future. The power of AI and Machine Learning combined with extremely detailed city and road mapping, lane-keeping, collision avoidance, and self-parking is leading to automobiles and trucks that can take us to our destinations without us having to keep our feet on the pedals or hands on the steering wheel.
However, as we have seen recently, a number of incidents and accidents have called into question how ready this technology is for general use. Furthermore, the transportation industry continues to innovate at a lightning pace, but not all innovation is happening at the same level. In order to understand the end vision of a future filled with autonomous vehicles of all sorts, we need to understand where the industry currently stands and where it is heading.
Are All Levels of Autonomy Safe?
The Society of Automotive Engineers classifies autonomous vehicle technology capabilities into six levels, with the ultimate level at Level 5, fully self-driving, autonomous vehicles. While the ultimate goal of self-driving vehicles is one in which humans are solely passengers, the reality of the situation is that we're moving from a world where people have complete control of their vehicle to ones where they have none at all. The problem is when we're operating in the middle ground — vehicles having some of the control, and humans still needed for some control. The main issue is that it's psychologically very difficult to not pay attention to something until you absolutely need to pay attention to avoid a fatal outcome.
Autonomy levels 2 and 3, and quite possibly even 4, are the most dangerous levels of autonomous driving. Humans can easily be lulled into believing that the car has more control than it actually does. As a result, people do what they do when they don't have to give their full attention: they sleep, converse with others, play with their phones or other devices, eat meals, or otherwise disengage with the road. It's simply unreasonable to expect people to all of a sudden wake up, stop talking, turn off their devices, put away their food, and otherwise be 100% present with only a few seconds (or less) notice. Quite possibly, vehicles at autonomy levels 2-4 could be more dangerous than Level 0, 1, and 5 vehicles because of this uncertain element of control. Furthermore, Level 2 vehicles are too easily confused as level 3 vehicles based on the way the car manufacturers are marketing and promoting their cars. This leads to people thinking that the vehicles have more autonomous capabilities than they actually do. Likewise, vehicles at level 4 become "downgraded" to lower levels when situations deteriorate. The more rapidly these situations deteriorate the faster your almost-but-not-quite fully autonomous vehicle becomes Level 0 or 1. We're not alone in believing that Levels 2-4 could be more harmful than valuable for autonomous driving. Google/Waymo and Ford have recently announced that they will pursue only Level 5 driving to jump us to a safer and more valuable future.
Another unintended consequence of a world with mostly autonomous vehicles is that drivers start to lose practice driving in different situations as they become increasingly dependent on somewhat autonomous capabilities. Just like how many drivers can't navigate their way around a city because of the pervasiveness of GPS, drivers that become used to Level 3 or 4 capabilities simply won't have the experience or know-how to deal with life-or-death situations that build upon years of instinctive, muscle memory to rapidly correct.
What Happens in A World with Level 5 Autonomous Vehicles?
When most vehicles on the streets and highways are at Level 5 autonomy, it's not just driving that changes — a lot of our society and way of life that revolves around the car and driving changes as well. When cars drive themselves, they will also park themselves. But do you need them to park in a garage you own? Will you need to hunt for parking spots? Can cities reclaim their curbs from parked cars and devote more space to walking and biking? Instead of parking your car at a parking space or garage, autonomous vehicles can simply pick you up and drop you off where you need to be, and then shuttle themselves off to some other location to park, or pick up a new passenger. If you don't have to park your own car, will one (positive) unintended consequence be a dramatic reduction of child and pet heat-related fatalities?
As we talked about in our AI-Enabled Vision of the Future we predict there will be an "uberfication" of most things. Individuals will no longer need to (or even want to) own cars but call on them when needed such as commuting to work, running to the grocery store, or heading to your beach weekend vacation. If you no longer own a vehicle, then the garages of today won't be necessary. Instead, if houses have garages at all, they will just be house delivery loading docks where autonomous vehicles will come to drop off packages. Why should these garages even be attached to the house then? Will detached garages now be more desirable than attached garages? Office complexes and retail establishments won't need huge parking garages or wide expanses of parking spaces. This land can be recovered for other, more human-centric needs.
If humans are no longer needed to drive, what does this mean for mobility in general? We no longer need to make the tough call of taking keys away from elderly parents — they can have instant access to handicap-accessible vehicles that will pick them up and drop them off as necessary. Instead of the routine of buying car seats for children, we can simply call on car seat installed vehicles. We no longer need to worry about how to divide ourselves in two when we need to drop off children at different locations at the same time. We no longer need to figure out how to get low-income individuals to the doctor for an appointment. With the ability to call on a driverless vehicle at all times we now provide on-demand transportation to all. One notable side-effect of this movement to autonomous vehicles is the collapse of the rental car industry. Rental cars tomorrow will be like Blockbuster video today – a curious relic of the past. If somehow the rental car companies of today manage to survive to tomorrow it's only because they've radially changed their business and adapted to a future where very few have drivers licenses and just as few even know how to drive.
Likewise, what will happen when individuals don't need to have a driver's license or deal with the dreaded Department of Motor Vehicles? Perhaps that's a good thing, but what does that mean as far as the idea of an identification document or revenues that states might be depending on from all vehicle-related transactions (traffic violations and license-related fees in particular). What will happen to gas stations? If people don't need to fill up their own cars, and most likely, many autonomous vehicles will be electric powered, since range no longer is an issue, then the gas station might also become an endangered species. Indeed, the societal and overall economic impacts of a Level 5 Autonomous future is much more significant that most are thinking.
Likewise, the laws and regulations of today for driving vehicles are not at all appropriate or applicable in the self-driving future. We have new issues of liability to deal with when we have a complex combination when an on-demand driving company, self-driving vehicle, passengers, and pedestrians are involved. We need to untangle this web of liability as we have discussed in our past writing and podcast on this subject. There is going to have to be some coming together on both the state and federal level to come up with a standard for autonomous vehicles. Vehicles will need to be continuously certified to operate on roads where fewer and fewer non-autonomous vehicles will be present.
The more we think about the future that's Level 5 Autonomous, the more we realize how much this will result in changes — not just for individual drivers or car companies, but for everyone. Your business and your life will be impacted. And it is our belief that this will happen sooner than you expect. Have you thought about how autonomous driving is going to effect your business? Everything from insurance to retail to restaurants to office parks to residential builders, city planners, gas station owners, rental car companies and more will be immediately and dramatically impacted. Have you already built a strategy for dealing with the AI-Enabled Future?


We were on location at Film City Glasgow last week for Edge City Films on their production of a movie a pilot for "The Creator". Hot breakfast, lunch, drinks & snacks for 35 crew with some properly early morning starts required for our kitchen guys. All went extremely smoothly there & we had some great feedback from our clients & their crew. Is 4am early morning or is it still late night? Depends on the activity you are participating in I guess……….


The average train between Genoa and Ventimiglia takes 2h 36m and the fastest train takes 2h 28m. On an average weekday, there are 14 trains per day travelling from Genoa to Ventimiglia. The journey time may be longer on weekends and holidays; use the search form on this page to search for a specific travel date.
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Counted cross stitch kit by Heritage Crafts from the watercolours of John Clayton. Kit includes Zweigart fabric, pre-sorted threads, needle, chart and full instructions.
Heritage Crafts counted cross stitch design by Peter Underhill. The kit contains fabric, threads, needle, chart and full instructions.
Heritage Crafts counted cross stitch kit designed by John Clayton. Kit includes fabric, threads, needle, chart and full instructions.


Interfaces to existing interactive installations can be altered by building additional technology on top of them. This motorized arm interacts with other physical pieces by being present, moving its joints, and waving a flashlight. What if twenty students made twenty pieces that could interact with one another in a similar fashion? Many surprising outcomes would delight the heart and soul. What is great about this collaboration is that we did not hook our projects up to one another through a serial protocol or by merging the electronic circuitry. The exchange was both elegant and accessible, for the communication happened within the human spectrum.
Scott Fitzgerald also provided some interactive light experimentation.
The arm turns Greg Shakar's COPPER URCHIN into a never-ending music box.
The arm transforms Danny Rozin's WOODEN MIRROR into a self-animating piece.
The arm is remote controlled to play with Frederick Lorenz's SUCCULENT L-SYSTEMS.


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HomeAnnouncements(Page 2)
Mass Incarceration's Collateral Damage
August 1, 2018 August 1, 2018 AR News News, Research, Volume Annoucement criminol
Homelessness, unemployment, higher debt rates, poor health for both the formerly incarcerated and their families, disengagement from community life and isolation… There is plenty of evidence that jail time causes social damage in the United States, which accentuates inequalities because it affects poor people of color disproportionately. The US has the highest imprisonment rate of the developed world and a complex criminal justice system, yet data on the mechanisms by which mass incarceration generates harm on this scale are surprisingly hard to come by.
In their article "Collateral Consequences of Punishment: A Critical Review and Path Forward," in the first volume of the Annual Review of Criminology, David S. Kirk, of the University of Oxford, and Sara Wakefield, of Rutgers University, argue that imprisonment rates and confinement conditions vary significantly across states. "These differences are not well understood or systematically documented but likely influence the scope, magnitude, and character of collateral consequences," they write.
The federal system, for example, houses only 13 percent of all prisoners, half of whom are sentenced on drug-related charges. "Crimmigration", the portmanteau for immigration and criminal law, is also on the rise in the federal system, although this hike "reflects an increasing punitiveness toward immigrants rather than a growth in the crime rate among immigrants." In contrast, the jail system houses the higher number of prisoners, and the state system has 53% of its inmates locked in for violent crimes. Given the differences between the two systems on post-incarceration consequences, the authors believe contrasting the data could lead to a better grasp on the stakes of imprisonment: "Unfortunately, comparisons across different types of confinement are nearly impossible to accomplish with available data."
Kirk & Wakefield, 2018. Annual Review of Criminology.
"Crimmigration" policies have become stricter under the Trump administration, as the threshold for deportation has dropped considerably, and any alleged criminal offender is set for deportation upon arrest, regardless of conviction. Detained migrant children are also an urgent topic of research, as the number of unaccompanied children apprehended by US Border Patrol has been growing steadily. Evidence shows their detainment has similar characteristics to typical imprisonment, and they endure the same suspected cases of verbal, physical, sexual abuse and human rights violations. There are no systematic investigations of the consequences of these conditions on detained children and their families, one of the reasons the authors recommend that immigration be made a more central focus of the collateral consequence research agenda.
The authors argue the consequences of the crime, such as imprisonment, should be studied separately from consequences of the punishment itself, like difficulties finding employment. They also think the impact of specific types of prison and the conditions of confinement need to be examined. They advocate for the creation of more robust databases compiling all the information on the inmates, during and after their time in jail.
They recommend looking to Europe, specifically Nordic countries, for a model of continuing information collection that tracks inmates and their families. These nations use a national registration system that allows for cross-referencing data on an individual's crime and punishment with, e.g., their education and family status.
Read more in the first volume of the Annual Review of Criminology.
Professor Karen S. Cook elected as new Chair of the Annual Reviews Board of Directors
Image June 1, 2018 June 11, 2018 AR News Announcements, Company
Karen S. Cook, the Ray Lyman Wilbur Professor of Sociology; Director of the Institute for Research in the Social Sciences; Vice-Provost for Faculty Development and Diversity at Stanford University; and Class V Secretary, National Academy of Sciences, has been unanimously elected to the role of Chair of the Board at Annual Reviews, effective June 1, 2018.
Dr. Cook has served as Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Sociology since 1998, and as Vice-Chair of the Annual Reviews Board of Directors since 2010, a position also held by Dr. Sandra M. Faber, Professor and Astronomer, University of California, Santa Cruz. Dr. Cook conducts research on social interaction, social networks, social exchange, and trust. She has authored and co-authored numerous reviews and papers, as well as edited a number of books in the Russell Sage Foundation Trust Series.
She succeeds Professor Richard N. Zare, the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, who has led the Board for 23 years, from 1995 to 2018. Professor Zare also served as the Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry from 2006 to 2010. He has co-authored numerous reviews, including two autobiographies. Professor Zare is renowned for his research in the area of laser chemistry, which has led to numerous awards and honors.
During his tenure, in partnership with Dr. Samuel Gubins, President and Editor-in-Chief Emeritus of Annual Reviews (1995 to 2015), Professor Zare expanded Annual Reviews to many fields while maintaining the highest standards. Annual Reviews continues to be a unique and impactful publisher as a result of his guidance and leadership.
Dr. Richard Gallagher, President and Editor-in-Chief of Annual Reviews, said,
"Passing the baton from Dick to Karen offers a seamless progression of leadership for our Board. Dick's long-lasting passion for and contributions to our mission—to synthesize scientific knowledge so that investigators can plan new and impactful research directions—will continue through a new lecture series named in his honor and his ongoing participation in the Board. The role of Board Chair is now in another pair of excellent hands. On behalf of the Board, Editorial Committees, and staff of Annual Reviews, I congratulate Karen and look forward to continuing our working relationship for many years to come."
Annual Reviews is a nonprofit publisher dedicated to synthesizing and integrating knowledge to stimulate the progress of science and benefit society. For more than 85 years, Annual Reviews has offered expert review journals which today span 50 titles across the biomedical, life, physical, and social sciences. Annual Reviews launched Knowable Magazine in 2017, an open access digital magazine to explore the real-world significance of this highly cited scholarship and make it accessible to broad audiences.
Annual Reviews publishes first multidisciplinary autonomous systems review journal
June 1, 2018 June 1, 2018 Liz Allen Announcements, Journal News, News
The Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems, led by Editor Naomi Ehrich Leonard, highlights theoretical and applied research in control and robotics that drives and enriches the engineering of autonomous systems.
Annual Reviews, a nonprofit publisher of scholarly review journals for more than 85 years, announces the publication of the first volume of the Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems, its 49th review journal. The new journal is the first of its kind to cover both the broad fields of control and robotics and their fundamental roles in the increasingly important area of autonomous systems.
Topics in the first volume cover control and its connections to game theory, distributed optimization, Kalman filtering, geometric mechanics, privacy, data-driven strategies, and deep learning, together with robotics and its connections to manipulation, materials, mechanisms, planning, decision-making, and synthesis. Applications include artificial touch, soft micro and bio-inspired robotics, minimally invasive medical technologies, rehabilitative robotics, autonomous flight, airspace management, and systems biology.
Tremendous progress across industry and academia has advanced the theory and applications of control, robotics, and autonomous systems. The global robotics market is expected to reach $67 billion by 2025, with significant annual growth rates, according to industry analysis conducted by Boston Consulting Group. Autonomous vehicles are already on the road and in the air, while robots vacuum floors at home. Scientists explore the ocean with fleets of autonomous underwater vehicles. At hospitals, surgeons and engineers are supported by robotics to deliver minimally invasive medical interventions, diagnostics, and drug delivery. Veterans and many others benefit from advanced prosthetics. The comprehensive reviews in the Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems provide expert syntheses that cover decades of foundational research and assess the challenges and potential future directions of these fields.
On publishing the inaugural volume, the journal's Editor, Dr. Naomi Ehrich Leonard, addressed her vision for the journal and the value of review articles in a highly multidisciplinary field:
"The opportunities are enormous for control, robotics, and autonomous systems to help make the world a better place. Search and rescue, environmental monitoring, surgical assistance, and smart grids are just a few high-impact applications. This journal provides a much-needed unifying forum for the richly varied and ever-evolving research that promotes creativity and advances control, robotics, and the engineering of autonomous systems. Researchers and practitioners alike will find the articles of great value in learning and integrating across the many interconnected disciplines that contribute to this fantastically exciting field."
The control field features innovation, development, and application of methodologies for the design and analysis of autonomous system response to sensory feedback, with the aim of regulating the stability, speed, accuracy, efficiency, reliability, and robustness of autonomous system behavior. The robotics field features innovation, design, analysis, creation, operation, and application of robots from industrial to nano-scale, from the bottom of the ocean, to the inside of the human body, to the surface of Mars, and everywhere in between. To fully cover the research at the nexus of control, robotics, and autonomous systems, the journal's articles connect to many related fields, including mechanics, optimization, communication, information theory, machine learning, computing, signal processing, human behavioral sciences, and biology.
Dr. Leonard, who is the Edwin S. Wilsey Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Princeton University, has been recognized as a MacArthur Fellow. She pursues collaborative, multidisciplinary research in control, dynamics, and robotics with engineers, oceanographers, biologists, and choreographers. She has explored the mechanisms that explain the collective dynamics of animal groups, including killifish, honeybees, caribou, and starlings, and has developed bio-inspired methodologies for control of robot teams. One of Dr. Leonard's largest projects culminated in a field demonstration in Monterey Bay, California, of an autonomous ocean-observing system that featured a coordinated network of underwater robotic gliders.
The full volume, publishing online May 29, 2018, will be freely available online for an initial preview period.
Professor Stanley Falkow – 1934-2018 – father of molecular microbial pathogenesis
May 10, 2018 May 21, 2018 AR News Announcements, News MI, micro
It is with sadness that we share the news that Professor Stanley Falkow of Stanford University School of Medicine, esteemed member of the editorial committee for the Annual Review of Microbiology, co-author of three review articles and an autobiographical article, passed away (5th May 2018) at the age of 84.
Those of us who didn't know Professor Falkow can get a vivid impression of him by reading his autobiographical article entitled: The Fortunate Professor. The title makes it clear that this was a man with an abundance of gratitude. The abstract of his article says simply:
My professional life can be summarized by a quote from the Talmud.
Much have I learned from my teachers,
More from my colleagues,
But most from my students.
It is the fortunate professor who learns from the student.
All of us at Annual Reviews feel equally fortunate to have Professor Falkow play a part in the success of our organization. Our thoughts go out to his family, friends, co-workers and of course his students, from whom he learned so much.
Waves, Satellites, and an Oceanographer at Sea: Annual Review of Marine Science Volume 10
January 26, 2018 Suzanne K. Moses Volume Annoucement marine
Browse the Annual Review of Marine Science Volume 10 table of contents.
"The Fate and Impact of Internal Waves in Nearshore Ecosystems" by C.B. Woodson introduced me to the wonder and science of internal waves. Like the surface waves most people are accustomed to thinking about, these internal waves also break as they near land and can bring of deep offshore waters into the nearshore environment:
These deeper waters are often colder, lower in oxygen, higher in CO2 concentration (lower pH), and nutrient enriched. Consequently, internal waves can dramatically change the ambient environment, leading to either extreme oxygen (hypoxia) or pH (acidification) events. However, they can also mediate extreme heating events by providing a temporary reprieve from high temperatures. Deep offshore waters can also provide nutrients and food subsidies to nearshore ecosystems. Nutrient-deprived nearshore ecosystems, namely coral reefs, can be highly dependent on such subsidies.
Richard Dugdale credits mentoring with influencing his path from electrical engineering to oceanographer in his autobiography "A Biogeochemical Oceanographer at Sea: My Life with Nitrogen and a Nod to Silica" He has a warm writing style and I enjoyed reading about the history of this field through his experiences, especially about the changing technology:
…this field rapidly developed both analytically, starting with the use of stable and radioactive tracers, and computationally, from the use of slide rules to the development of onboard computers with disk drives (with 250 KB of storage!) and the era of smartphones. Also changing has been the mode of communication between oceanographers—from handwritten or mimeographed notes to faxes to the early email and Internet (telemail) used by oceanographers in the 1980s to today's email and social media. What follows, then, is a biased (biological/chemical) history of a period in which modern oceanography was largely developed and in which I had the great fortune to be a player.
"Spaceborne Lidar in the Study of Marine Systems" by Hostetler et al. is one of several articles in this volume that report on the use of satellites in marine research. This article reviews the use of passive color analysis to observe chlorophyll levels among many other topics and looks forward to an upcoming PACE mission which pairs the color observations with new tools:
Satellite passive ocean color observations have vastly improved our understanding of global links between biodiversity, ecosystem structure, and ecological and biogeochemical function. However, there are fundamental geophysical properties that simply cannot be characterized with ocean color technology alone. Addressing these issues requires additional tools in space. For example, the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, and Marine Ecosystem (PACE) mission aims to co-deploy a multi-angle polarimeter with a hyperspectral ocean color sensor, with the polarimetry enabling more accurate atmospheric corrections and advanced characterization of ocean particle types. Here, we describe how even greater synergies may be achieved by combining a passive ocean color sensor with an ocean-optimized satellite profiling lidar.
Annual Review of Psychology Volume 69: Language, Gender, and Replication
January 24, 2018 January 26, 2018 Suzanne K. Moses Volume Annoucement psych
Browse the Annual Review of Psychology Volume 69 table of contents.
While I'm used to thinking about language as a way of gauging cognitive development "Linking Language and Cognition in Infancy" by Perszyk and Waxman had me thinking about the ways language influences cognition. For instance:
…more recent developmental evidence reveals that, even before infants begin to speak, words invite them to form categories. The evidence for this claim comes from a robust behavioral paradigm, elegant in its simplicity. It is essentially an object categorization task with two phases. During the familiarization phase, infants view a series of discriminably different objects (e.g., dog, horse, duck) from a given object category (e.g., animal). Next, during the test phase, infants view two new objects—one a member of the now-familiar category (e.g., a cat) and the other a member of an entirely different category (e.g., an apple). The logic of this paradigm is straightforward: If infants detect the category-based commonalities among the familiarization objects, then they should distinguish the novel test image from the familiar; if they fail to detect these commonalities, then they should perform at chance levels ….The evidence reveals that, by 12 months of age, even before they produce more than a few words on their own, infants have established a principled link between object naming and object categorization.
I found "Gender Stereotypes" by Ellemers quite an interesting read. I particularly responded to the summation in the section "How We Can Benefit From This Knowledge":
Gender stereotypes prevent women and men from equally sharing the care for children and family members and from equally benefiting from the interpersonal connections made through these activities. Gender stereotypes prevent women with successful careers from finding a romantic partner and men without employment from feeling valued. They cause us to underestimate the emotional burden of care functions for women and the physical burden of strenuous labor for men. This is not only costly for the individuals involved but also for society, as it impacts the psychological and physical well-being of individuals, the resilience of families, and the long-term availability and contributions of workers in the labor market. We are only human and have to accept that we are subject to stereotypical thinking and gendered expectations. Accepting our fallibility in this way, rather than denying that gender stereotypes play a role while implicitly reproducing them, makes it easier to correct for any undesired outcomes that may result.
Shrout and Rodgers' article " Psychology, Science, and Knowledge Construction: Broadening Perspectives from the Replication Crisis" is a good overview of the history of evaluating results, the problems with current practices, and steps that have been taken to verify findings. I was particularly interested in how the changes in research procedure have affected scientists:
As calls have been made to change the way science is conducted in psychology by preregistering designs and analyses and increasing sample sizes, some authors have noted what might be called collateral damage. The three types of damage that have been identified are (a) slowing and ultimate reduction of new findings and phenomena, (b) penalizing different subfields with the imposition of one-size-fits-all norms, and (c) discouraging young scientists from staying in the field because of the higher bar for publication and professional advancement.
Fire, Explosions, and Lymphatic Systems: Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics Volume 50
January 23, 2018 January 26, 2018 Suzanne K. Moses Volume Annoucement fluid
Browse the Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics Volume 50 table of contents.
Before I get to the fire and explosions I want to highlight the lovely article "John Leask Lumley: Whither Turbulence?" by Leibovich and Warhaft that begins this volume. This biography includes sections about Dr. Lumley's love and appreciation for vintage cars and good food and wine as well as a look at his contributions to fluid mechanics. It's a remarkable tribute and a worthwhile read.
Tohidi, Gollner, and Xiao wrote "Fire Whirls" which I found myself thinking about as I watched coverage of the California wildfires:
Throughout the literature, fire whirls have been identified by a variety of names, including devil, tornado, twister, whirlwind, or even dragon twist (Japanese). Regardless of the name, when the right combination of wind and fire interact, the result is an intensification of combustion with whirling flames that we call the fire whirl. Although the fire whirl or fire tornado shares some features with its atmospheric counterparts, it remains distinct in its source of buoyancy, combusting fuel, structure, and formation patterns. In nature, fire whirls are most often observed in mass fires. These include both large wildland (also known as forest fires or bushfires) and urban conflagrations, such as the burning of cities or towns…
While action movie explosions make it seem easy, a controlled detonation that accomplishes more than looking good on film is difficult and complex to model. "High Explosive Detonation-Conifer Interactions" by Short and Quirk begins by explaining some of the complexity:
The dynamics of a given HE–confiner system depend on the pressure-loading properties of the explosive (magnitude and timescale), while in turn the structure and speed of the detonation reaction zone and the lateral confinement of explosive products are dependent on the material properties of the confining material, such as its density and sound speed. The ability to predict the motion of a detonation in an explosive system (known as the timing) and the response of the confiner to the HE detonation pressure loading depend on our ability to model and understand this detonation–confiner flow coupling…
I found "Lymphatic System Flows" by Moore and Bertram quite interesting especially as it explained the importance of several organs I'd always been curious about:
The lymphatic system as a functional whole includes several organs whose association as a system is not readily apparent. Lymphoid organs include the spleen, thymus, and tonsils; another vital component is the bone marrow where white cells are manufactured…. Functionally, the lymphatic vascular system runs in parallel to the blood venous system, in that both return fluids centrally. Lymphatic vessels carry lymph, which is largely water gathered from interstitial tissue spaces. Fluid appears in the interstitial spaces because blood capillary walls are somewhat leaky, allowing part of the aqueous component of blood to escape, along with some proteins…. The lymphatic vascular system scavenges this water and protein, ultimately returning it to the venous circulation via junctions with the subclavian veins at shoulder level. The maintenance of the interstitial milieu is one of its vital functions; if fluid is not returned to the blood system at the same rate as it leaves, the painful and debilitating condition of edema can develop.
Congratulations to Adriaan Bax, winner of the 2018 NAS Award for Scientific Reviewing
January 17, 2018 January 17, 2018 AR News Announcements, Awards, News BI
Congratulations Adriaan Bax, PhD. of @NIH.gov, recipient of National Academy of Sciences Award for Scientific Reviewing which is sponsored by us!
Bax is honored for reviews and pioneering technical concept pieces on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance that have greatly influenced the field of #StructuralBiology.
To celebrate this achievement, we've made the PDF of one of his seminal articles entitled Two-Dimensional NMR and Protein Structure freely available to download here: http://arevie.ws/nasbax
The award will be presented during the 155th NAS Annual Meeting on Sunday, April 29, 2018.
More information on Bax and the Award – http://arevie.ws/nasaward18
Celebrating 85 years of service!
November 29, 2017 November 29, 2017 AR News Announcements, Company
To mark our 85th anniversary, free online access to all journal articles published in 2017 is available through the end of the year.
Please browse journals that are new to you and revisit those that you rely on regularly. You may access articles via HTML directly. PDF access available via institutional or individual subscription, or pay per view purchase.
How well do you know Annual Reviews?
We got our start in the late 1920s when founder J. Murray Luck, Professor of Biochemistry at Stanford University, set out to review current research in the (then) emerging field of biochemistry, and found himself "dismayed … by the immensity of the task…" He asked leading professors in the field to write intelligent syntheses of the key primary literature. In 1932, he published the first volume of the Annual Review of Biochemistry. It has become a foundational resource for relevant topics, enabling further discovery. Take a look today and revisit the science of yesterday, still relevant today:
Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 1, 1932
The Metabolism of Brain and Nerve
Fast Forward to 2017: Scientific Literature Reviewed, from A to V
Today we publish 50 journals covering disciplines within the biomedical, life, physical, and social sciences, from Analytical Chemistry to Vision Science. Each journal provides a pathway to the relevant primary research across a number of topics within the field. Our authors critically examine a wide array of articles, papers, and books to provide objective overviews and summarize important ideas and findings.
We've recently added the following journals to our collection:
Vision Science
Statistics and Its Application
Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior
Animal Biosciences
Publishing in 2018:
Biomedical Data Science
Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems
Celebrate our 85th anniversary by revisiting your favorite Annual Review, or getting acquainted with a new title! Either way, Annual Reviews provides researchers with curated wisdom from hand-picked experts.
Annual Reviews appoints Eva Emerson to lead new digital magazine
October 23, 2017 October 23, 2017 AR News Announcements, Company, Magazine, Staff
Nonprofit publisher Annual Reviews is pleased to announce that Eva Emerson has been appointed editor to lead a digital publication called Knowable Magazine from Annual Reviews set to launch on October 26th 2017 at the World Conference of Science Journalists in San Francisco, CA. Eva has an outstanding track record in the communication of science, having most recently served as Editor of Science News.
Richard Gallagher, President and Editor-In-Chief said:
"Eva's journalistic talent, digital publishing expertise and significant leadership ability make her a natural fit for this position. We're delighted she has joined this innovative project in Annual Reviews' 85th year of service to the research community."
Knowable Magazine will use various forms of storytelling to explore the life, physical, and social sciences. Review articles from the Annual Review journals serve as springboards for journalistic pieces in Knowable Magazine, including in-depth features, explainers, and even comics. The online-only magazine will focus on explaining the real-world significance of research, punctuated with forays into the wonder of the world around us. This initiative receives support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
"Annual Reviews was founded to help scientists keep abreast of what was even then considered an overwhelming amount of relevant literature," Eva says. "Its role is to synthesize understandings revealed in individual research articles into something larger – emerging trends, insights, analyses — and to articulate where scientific progress stands now, from the point of view of scientists working in their fields. Taking advantage of the digital space, the new magazine aims to reveal such milestones to a broad audience in compelling ways."
A native of Los Angeles, Eva brings over 20 years of experience in science communication to the Annual Reviews team. As Managing Editor and then Editor in Chief of Science News, she helped to oversee a shift to daily digital journalism, the creation of a robust website and huge growth in social media followers. She is delighted to join nonprofit Annual Reviews. "We want to elevate intelligent, informed discourse. This feels especially urgent right now, given the erosion of public trust in facts that the Internet enables and thrives on."
About the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation: The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation fosters path-breaking scientific discovery, environmental conservation, patient care improvements and preservation of the special character of the Bay Area. Visit Moore.org and follow @MooreFound.
About the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation: The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation is a philanthropic, not-for-profit grant making institution based in New York City. Founded in 1934 by industrialist Alfred P. Sloan Jr, the Foundation supports original research and education in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and economics.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Good data structure or database to represent objects and transitions between objects? I'm having trouble choosing a data structure to use to help identify resources and transitions between resources.  After the graph is defined, I'd like to run analysis on the transformation between resources to determine what inputs could yield what outputs.
For example, we could take traditional currency for example:

*

*Dollar ->  3:2 -> Euros

*Euros -> 2:3 -> Dollar

*Euros -> 1:100 -> Yen

*Yen -> 95:1 -> Euro

*Yen -> 50:1 -> T-shirt

*Dollar -> 2:1 -> Candy Bar

The typical use case would be to take some starting resources, such 5 USD and 100 Japan Yen, and determine what these could be transformed into: how many candy bars? how any tshirts? The graph would be much more complicated through with hundreds of resources each with potentially dozens of transitions to other resources.
Thanks for your ideas!

A: This sounds like a problem for a standard graph.
Let each resource be a node and connect 2 nodes if there's a transition between them, with the edge weight being the transition ratio.
These edges will probably need to be directed, and, if the transitions are inverses, have 2 edges, one in either direction. Alternatively, if the transitions are inverses, you can have an undirected graph and define the edge weight as the transition ratio from the 'smallest' node to the 'largest' (you'll need to have some possibly arbitrary ordering of node). By "transitions are inverses" I mean, if you go from any resource to any other resource, you can also go back again, and, if you do so, you get back the same amount as you originally started with (although, this doesn't appear to hold from the example).
Then you'll probably have to use breadth-first search (or similar) to determine getting from one resource to another.
In terms of SQL, a possible structure is as follows:
Resource
  ID, ...

Transition
  ResourceID1, ResourceID2, Cost

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


We have a large hall for hire with a stage, together with a smaller community room and also kitchen facilities.
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Middlebrook Washington Rock Another Washington Lookuout - Identified in "Revolutionary New Jersey"
Park Service map | Larger map to Chimney rock | Combined wide map.
There was a big tree at the spot marked on the map above that was shaped with 3 trunks.
North of the Rariton Lotts: a history of the Martinsville, New Jersey area captions it.
Old "line tree" on the First Mountain, Trees were sometimes forced to grow this way to indicate property bounadaries. Photo taken duing a 1973 "Historic Walk" led by Robert K. Haelig, Sr.
The web pages below say they were also made by Native Americans.
I've counted the growth rings in a section that was cut after it fell which indicates it was from the early 1900's.
The native american trees were called "marker trees," or "trail trees," saplings were carefully bent by a local Native American tribe over 100 years ago, forcing them to grow in unnatural shapes.
They could have marked the boundary between two tribes or mark trails or other special locations. It blew over in Hurricane Sandy in 2012.
These Trees Have Secret Native American Codes. Their Meaning? Brilliant!
What Is An Indian Marker Tree, And How Were They Used?
Approximate site of Revolutionary War Signal Tower (Signal Beacon).


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text:
Supreme Court adjourns hearing on West Bengal lawsuit against CBI probe into post-election violence cases
By Hilda A. Pool on January 17, 2022 Supreme Being
The lawsuit said that because the blanket consent given to the central agency by the Trinamool congressional government has been withdrawn, the filed FIRs cannot be prosecuted.
Supreme Court of India. Reuters
New Delhi: The Supreme Court on Monday adjourned the hearing in the lawsuit filed by the West Bengal government which alleged that the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was continuing the investigation in the post-election violence cases without obtaining the prior sign of the court. state under the law.
A bench of judges L Nageswara Rao and BV Nagarathna noted that the pleadings in the matter are complete and adjourned the suit for a hearing in the third week of February.
He also asked the parties to file written submissions on the case.
Attorney General KK Venugopal said constitutional law issues had been raised in the trial and requested a two-day extension to hear the case after the top court indicated it wanted to conclude the hearing in one day. daytime.
Lead attorney Kapil Sibal, representing the government of West Bengal, said it was a matter of jurisdiction and the hearing would not take long.
The Center had previously told the Supreme Court that it had nothing to do with the post-election violence cases recorded by the CBI in West Bengal and that the lawsuit brought by the state government in which the Union of India became part is not maintainable.
Venugopal had argued that the CBI, being an autonomous body created under the Special Act of Parliament, is the agency that registers and investigates the cases and that the Center plays no part in it.
The Center previously told the High Court that West Bengal's power to withhold consent to the CBI was not absolute and that the investigative agency had the right to carry out ongoing investigations against government employees. central or having pan-Indian impact.
The Center had submitted an affidavit in response to a lawsuit by the West Bengal government which alleged that the CBI continued to investigate cases of post-election violence without obtaining the prior green light from the state under the law. .
He had told the Supreme Court that the Indian Union had not registered any cases in West Bengal and had not investigated any cases.
The affidavit stated that many investigations are ongoing against central government employees or have either pan-India impact or impact more than one state to investigate such offences.
He had said that West Bengal consent was required for certain offences, but it is unclear why the state government objected to such an investigation which would have the inevitable effect of shielding those guilty of such multi-offences. -States/ pan-Indian offences.
The Government of West Bengal, in its original civil suit under Article 131 of the Constitution, referred to the provisions of the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act 1946 and said that the CBI proceeded under investigation and filed FIRs without getting a green light from the state. government as mandated by law.
Under Article 131, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction to settle disputes between the Center and the States.
The CBI has filed several FIRs in cases of post-election violence in West Bengal.
The state government has requested a stay of investigations into FIRs filed in post-election violence cases by CBI under the Calcutta High Court order.
He also sought to remain for such FIR in the future.
Read all Recent news, New trends, Cricket News, bollywood news,
India News and Entertainment News here. follow us on Facebook, Twitter and instagram.
South Africa: Interior Minister welcomes Supreme Court of Appeal ruling
Supreme Court May Be Asked To Decide Whether State Insurance Laws Override New York Convention Preemption | Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP
Multinationals guns await Supreme Court verdict on advertising and promotion tax claim
Alabama to restrict press access to cover death row inmate Willie B. Smith III's execution in October
high court supreme court


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Little Britain back on iPlayer with edits to 'better reflect' cultural landscape
The show was removed from the platform following Black Lives Matter protests in 2020.
The BBC has returned Little Britain to iPlayer after its creators made edits to "better reflect the changes in the cultural landscape" since the show first aired 20 years ago.
The comedy series from Matt Lucas and David Walliams was removed from various services including Netflix and BritBox in the wake of Black Lives Matter protests in 2020.
It had faced criticism because of the use of blackface make-up in some sketches.
Matt Lucas in character as Vicky Pollard (Ian West/PA)
A BBC spokesman said: "Little Britain has been made available to fans on BBC iPlayer following edits made to the series by Matt and David that better reflect the changes in the cultural landscape over the last 20 years since the show was first made."
Lucas and Walliams have both previously apologised for their use of blackface on the show, which began as a radio programme in 2000 before running as a TV series on the BBC between 2003 and 2007, launching their respective careers.
The said in a joint statement on Twitter in June 2020: "Once again we want to make it clear that it was wrong; we are very sorry."
In the series, Walliams sported black make-up and a large afro wig to play the overweight black woman Desiree DeVere.
Lucas also used blackface to play Pastor Jesse King, who said he was "from the ghetto" and spoke in tongues to cure the sick.
In the wake of Black Lives Matter protests prompted by the killing of George Floyd, stars including Ant and Dec and Leigh Francis also apologised for portraying black people on TV.
Lucas previously said he has regrets about Little Britain, describing the comedy as "cruel".
Representatives of Lucas and Walliams have been contacted for further comment.
LittleBritain
arts, culture, entertainment and media
16 March, 2022 11:19 Entertainment
Guitarist Tom Verlaine, co-founder of Television, dies aged 73
Johnson set to attack Labour over Brexit in Dorries TalkTV interview
EastEnders' Ryan Malloy to return to Albert Square after almost seven years
Cannabis seized during searches in Galway
How Strictly Come Dancing helped Tyler West gain confidence and overcome the trauma of his youth
Glen Kamara determined to add more goals to his game at Rangers


Trump cites death toll in Puerto Rico as part of 'incredible' recovery success. At least 16 people have died there.
President Trump on Friday cited the death toll in Puerto Rico as evidence of his administration's success in handling Hurricane Maria recovery efforts.
At least 16 people have died in Puerto Rico, officials say, a number that is expected to climb as the recovery continues.
Trump spoke to reporters as he prepared to leave the White House en route to his private golf club in Bedminster, N.J., for the weekend.
In recent days, Trump has repeatedly touted the success of the recovery effort, even as his administration has faced criticism from some in the U.S. territory frustrated with the speed of the federal response.


text:
Reads, Listens, Views 11/4
By Matt Waldman November 4, 2011
"Welcome aboard the S.S. Campbell. This is your captain, Cecil Lammey!"
I couldn't resist…
It's that time of the week where I like to take a moment to thank all of you for making it a habit to read the Rookie Scouting Portfolio blog. Hopefully you find the content as enjoyable to read as it is to write. While I enjoy the comments on the blog and email messages a great deal – keep 'em coming – if you wish to show your appreciation and get a gift that keeps on giving order the 2011 Rookie Scouting Portfolio. It's currently sold at what I call a "Lockout Jitters price" of $9.95. Get it while the aftershocks of those jitters is still in effect. Previous issues are available by emailing me (mattwaldmanrsp@gmail.com).
On behalf of the Footballguys staff and all of you who read his work, I'd like to wish Footballguy extraordinaire and RSP blog contributor Dr. Jene Bramel a speedy recovery. The good doctor did the fantasy football broadcast equivalent of "playing hurt," by phoning in his segment on Thursday night's Audible podcast from a hospital bed.
From the sounds of Jene's voice and the nature of his ailment, it appears our good doctor will make a quick recovery despite the fact that waiting for his issue "to pass," probably made him even more empathetic to his wife giving birth to their two sons than he was before. Get well soon, brother.
While I found the ultimate "vessel" for Lammey this morning from the Luv Ya Blue Boating Company, here's another game I remember listening to on the radio when I was eight years old riding around with my pal Gary Hoffman. The ambivalent feelings of pride and shame for the city of my youth, which might be the first official hooligan fan base of pro football, brings a perverse sense of fleeting joy that my parents' generation and their parents' generation didn't know how to behave, either. See below and watch to the end.
Cleveland Browns fans are not fans to mess with.
I'm also glad to give a quick nod to former Houston receiver No. 00 Ken Burrough, the first pass catcher I remember watching with awe.
Alen Dumonjic's blog post, The Tape Never Lies: A Closer Look at Andrew Luck is a nice examination of Luck as well as a break down of good techniques that go into a well-thrown football.
"Hello, my name is ____ ________ and I'm a Fantasy Throwdown addict." That's the common refrain I've heard this week on Twitter. Here's all you need to know:
This on-on-one weekly game is simple and intuitive, but still strategic and challenging.
The drafts are flexible to d0: it takes 10 minutes if you and your opponent are online. You can can also email draft and finish several in a week.
Drafts can include PPR and IDP and you can throw down with anyone with public and private challenges.
This beta test is working well – I drafted our site's 1000th challenge about three hours ago – and it's FREE to play.
The draft is the best part of fantasy football and when Mike MacGregor and I couldn't come up with a good answer why the draft shouldn't remain a part of fantasy football from the preseason to the Super Bowl we decided we needed to do something about it.
Non-Football
Subscribe to Matt Waldman's RSP Cast Google Podcasts | Stitcher | Email | RSS
Categories: Reads Listens ViewsTags: Alen Dumonjic, Andrew Luck, Cecil Lammey, Earl Campbell, Fantasy Throwdown, Jene Bramel, Ken Burrough, Malcolm Gladwell, Matt Waldman, Rookie Scouting Portfolio
How to Have Conversations About Race And Racism
By Matt Waldman June 6, 2020
Matt Waldman's Reads Listens Views (April 12, 2019)
By Matt Waldman April 12, 2019
Matt Waldman's RSP Reads Listens Views (March 8, 2019)
By Matt Waldman March 8, 2019
Players Studied for Matt Waldman's 2021 Rookie Scouting Portfolio Publication


text:
CrossCheck Calendar
Young Leaders for Life
Men Stand for Life
Since 2001, Council for Life has given over $10 million to more than 57 local nonprofit life-affirming agencies that cover the spectrum of the complex issues surrounding unplanned pregnancies: Pregnancy Resource Centers, Adoption and Foster Care, Maternity Homes, Post-Abortion Healing, Support for Families Choosing to Carry a Baby with a Life-Limiting Diagnosis, Youth Education and Mentoring and Targeted Media Outreach. As we celebrate our 20th Anniversary in 2021, we look forward to continuing to promote a culture of life for the next 20 years with far-reaching, sustaining impact.
2020 (End of Year)2020 (Mid Year)
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CapoVelo.com - - "The Ideal Warm-Up" by RST Sport
"The Ideal Warm-Up" by RST Sport
By David - In MIND & BODY
Article by Ric Stern RST Sport
How should you warm up before you race? That depends, says Ric Stern, senior coach at cycling coaching company – RST Sport.
"While it's possible to go for a ride without warming up, for a race or fast-starting "sportive",
it's essential, and should be part physiological, part psychological and part 'engineering'," he says.
Physiological warm-up
Don't static stretch pre-ride – warm up on a bike. "Research supports 'heavy' exercise before a main exercise bout," says Stern.
"The shorter and faster the race, the longer the warm-up, and more intense the 'heavy' efforts. Longer events might not need a warm-up unless they start fast, like a road race, which needs an intense warm-up."
"A warm-up can help you prepare mentally for the job ahead and where you do it can help. For example, for a crit do at least part of the warm-up on the circuit," Stern explains.
"This will help you learn lines, speeds and braking points. For a road race, warm up on the circuit with the warm-up routine below if possible. For a TT, it's often best to isolate yourself by warming up on a turbo trainer using the warm-up below while listening to music."
"It's vital to leave some time to making sure your bike is working correctly," says Stern.
"Check the brakes, wheels, quick-release levers and gears. Also check you have the right drink, food and bottles, plus for sportives, a pump, tubes and patch kit."
Ric Stern's example warm-up
Five minutes easy pedalling. Check that your bike works properly!
Five minutes at heart rate zone 1, building to zone 2
Five minutes at zone 3
30 seconds easy
Two relatively hard three-minute sessions (around 10-mile TT effort) with two minutes easy between efforts. If you're warming up it could take a few minutes for your HR to catch up – even at above race effort. Aim for the intensity of 10-mile pace, which might look too easy on your heart rate monitor at first.
Five minutes easy pedalling
Two 'moderate' sprints of five seconds each, for any event that may include a sprint in it
Ten minutes resting (not exercising)
RIC STERN
Founder, Performance Director, Senior Coach
Ric founded RST in 1998, and has been creating champions ever since. Following the completion of his degree in Sports Science, where he obtained a first class BSc (Hons) degree from the University of Brighton, Ric Saw a need for science based coaching solutions. Richard is a certified Association of British Cycling Coaches Level 3 cycle coach. Richard has authored research work, had articles published in specialist cycling magazines, newspapers, and web articles.
Under his guidance, riders have achieved numerous national championship wins, moved from amateur to professional ranks and have found in Ric a steady hand guiding their journey as elite cyclists. With a solid background in science and a commitment to evidence based methods, Ric delivers successful programs to his clients' year on year.
In addition he has develop RST into Europe's leading provider of coaching to cyclists, and now oversees the new direction of RST towards becoming Europe's leading source of performance expertise for athletes in many sports. Ric continues to race when time allows, and has been competing since 1984. He has competed in a wide spectrum of cycling events from club time trials, national championships, hill climbs, 12 hour TTs, criteriums, and stage races. Richard rode the 1990 Route de Tour and in 1991 and 1995 completed an ambition of racing abroad.
http://www.rstsport.com/ric-stern/


text:
Read The Okta Hybrid Work Report 2023
Okta Hybrid Work Report 2023
Optimised Digital Experiences
Zero Trust adoption has reached a tipping point. While the security framework has steadily gained traction over the past several years, adoption rates passed a critical threshold in 2022.
More than half of the organizations surveyed (55%) for Okta's annual report on the framework have a Zero Trust initiative in place, and the vast majority (97%) plan to have one in the coming 12 to 18 months. Download the full report to learn more about what's ahead for Zero Trust.
In the report, you'll discover:
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text:
Álvaro Pérez Betancourt
Anthropologist (UCV) and filmmaker, MA from the USC School of Cinematic Arts, in a combined program of Anthropology and documentary. He served as a researcher at FUNRES (Foundation for the rescue of venezuelan documentaries), where he made a catalog of ethnographic films, filmed in indigenous areas of Venezuela. He has been a curator at the "Los Angeles Film Festival 2013", Curator of the documentary series Images, sounds and voices of the jungle (Caracas, Venezuela). He has produced and directed the following documentaries: Rómulo Betancourt, builder and defender of democracy in America (Caracas, 2010), Cela & Luzer (Los Angeles, 2005), Los Muñequitos de Matanzas Live in LA (Los Angeles, 2002), Nacientes, los viajes de Inga Goetz a las fuentes del Orinoco (Venezuela, 1998), Voces de los Orishas (Havana, Cuba, 1993), The Dancing Devils of Chuao, (Aragua, Venezuela , 1984). Awards: "The People's Choice Awards" Festival "Global Africa Film Festival" (Oakland, California, 1991-92) and American Anthropological Assn, (Los Angeles, California, 1990) for Voces de los Orishas.
Titles by Álvaro Pérez Betancourt:


medwireNews: Targeting obese patients for weight-loss therapy according to their cardiometabolic status could much improve its effectiveness for diabetes prevention, say researchers.
Fangjian Guo (University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA) and W Timothy Garvey (The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA) used the Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS) system to categorise 3040 overweight or obese patients from three randomized trials of phentermine/topiramate extended release according to their risk for developing diabetes.
The 1-year rates of new-onset diabetes among the placebo-treated patients were 1.51%, 4.67%, and 10.43% for those with low, moderate, and high CMDS risk, respectively. And the corresponding relative risk reductions produced by active treatment were 95%, 81%, and 41%.
Guo and Garvey suggest that higher-risk patients may be more prone to developing diabetes even in the event of weight loss, noting that this occurs in around 20% of patients, resulting in smaller relative risk reductions than those achieved in low-risk patients.
"Even so, from a population perspective, weight-loss therapy was more effective in reducing absolute rates of incident [type 2 diabetes] in the high-risk subgroup of overweight or obese patients," they note.
The absolute diabetes rates among patients who received active treatment were 0.67%, 2.37%, and 6.29% for the low-, moderate-, and high-risk patients, respectively, giving absolute risk reductions of 0.84%, 2.30%, and 4.14%. This gave corresponding numbers needed to treat to prevent one case of diabetes of 120, 43, and 24, meaning treatment was much more effective in the high-risk category.
The researchers also note that the differences between the groups would be expected to widen over time, because the incidence of diabetes would rise faster in the placebo group versus the treated group, further increasing the effectiveness of treatment in the high-risk versus the low-risk categories with longer duration.
"The targeting of higher-risk patients for more intensive weight-loss therapy will optimize the benefit/risk ratio of these interventions and help promote rational patterns of medical therapy and health care policy for obesity," conclude Guo and Garvey, adding that it could also have a positive effect on cost effectiveness.


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Q: Dropdown is under panel in bootstrap 3 My html is:

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When I run it, the dropdown is under the panel. How can I fix to the panel is under the dropdown button and dropdown menu items?

A: As i said you have to play with z-index

            <button class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="true">
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DEMO HERE


As a dietary supplement Use only as directed. Take two softgels daily with food or as directed by your health care practitioner. Keep out of sunlight. Store in a cool dry place. - Or as directed by your healthcare professional.


We're not sure exactly how old Ashley is, but going by the vet's estimate she's now one year old, and rates a new grown-up icon. I did consider setting her birthday to be the same as mine, which would also make her exactly three months older than Jasmin (who was born on 28 July), but decided that was unfair as I'm usually out celebrating. So we picked 1 May, just as I decided Vic the millennium cat was born on 1 January 2000.
As with all cat birthdays, we treat them all to tuna until it's finished, which they love: cat chocolate! No prezzies though unless you count a new collar to replace the one she used to undo, which won't please her.
So Ashley is now officially no longer a kitten, but we'd started calling her and Jasmin "cubs" a while back anyway as they were too big to be kittens despite being extremely playful and mischievous, and anyway they look like a little white tiger and lion.
Ashley and Jasmin about a month ago. Ashley's wearing the first collar she removed--twice--and which we never found the second time.
"I'm all grown up now and you're still a kitten. Nya nya nya."
"See if I care. I'm cute."
Jasmin and Claudia in the snuggler.


Victor Valimaki takes a few laboured steps across his hospital room, leaning heavily into a metal walker.
Victor Valimaki took a few laboured steps across his hospital room, leaning heavily into a metal walker.
After those difficult steps from his bed, Valimaki returned home Friday after six months in hospital battling a rare brain disease.
Valimaki, a 17-year veteran of MMA and the first fighter from Edmonton to make it to the Ultimate Fighting Championship, was diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica, a rare disorder of the central nervous system that mimics multiple sclerosis.
It occurs when your body's immune system reacts against its own cells in the central nervous system.
"I have a lot of work to do to get back to normalcy but I'm progressing pretty well," Valimaki said in an interview with CBC Radio's Edmonton AM.
"I was a big mess for a long time. I wasn't even able to feed myself and I'm just being able to take a few steps now.
"I still have a long way to go but instead of six months in a hospital bed, this is a good change."
For weeks, Valimaki couldn't walk or feed himself. He struggled to speak and was often so disoriented, he didn't know where he was.
"There are entire blocks of memory just gone," he said. "I actually have brain damage.
"You could tell me your name and 30 seconds later, I couldn't repeat it to you. My memory is really bad and I can't drive. I can't do a lot of things."
Doctors initially struggled to understand what was wrong.
Valimaki, a heavyweight hailed as "The Finnisher," had just finished a match against Teddy Ash at Unified MMA 32 in Edmonton's Royal Palace last September when the first symptoms started.
Valimaki felt foggy and assumed he'd suffered a concussion during the knockout loss. But his symptoms only got worse.
He started losing muscle function in his legs. He was lethargic. His memory was failing.
Finally, after a battery of tests, he was given a clear diagnosis and appeared to be recovering.
Then, there was another setback. Shortly before Christmas, Valimaki developed a brain infection and was again bedridden in the University of Alberta hospital and struggling to speak.
The infection has since subsided and Valimaki has been allowed to continue treatment and rehabilitation from home.
He will have to re-learn to walk, and will be on medication for the rest of his life.
Even so, Valimaki, 36, is ready for the challenge And he's doing it all with his dry sense of humour well intact.
"I don't mind putting the work in. That's no problem," he said. "There's lots I want to do, like go get some tacos. If I never have to look at hospital food again, it would be too soon."
"It's going to be a long road to get there but I would like to get back to the gym and work off some of that hospital food. I'm extremely happy to be out now."


text:
Here are the winners of the first contest for hacker stock photos
October 29, 2019 • first, Winners
2 min. (481 words)
Cybersecurity—and the lack thereof—is a constant topic in our digital age. But the way it's represented in the media, particularly with the use of outdated stock photos and graphics, tends to be needlessly complex, and sometimes even comical.
Last year, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and OpenIDEO launched an international competition to address this lack of clear, compelling images to accompany journalism on these topics. Their Cybersecurity Visuals Challenge tasked participants with designing a new library of hoodie-free "hacker" images that can be freely used by news organizations and the like.
Yesterday, the top five winners of the global contest have been announced, representing artists and designers from India to Mexico, Australia, and the U.S.
Mariah Jochai [Image: courtesy Hewlett Foundation]
"The challenges we face today online keeping networks and devices secure are far too complex to be illustrated by a shadowy figure in a hoodie hunched over a laptop," Eli Sugarman, program officer at the Hewlett Foundation in charge of the Cyber Initiative, said in a statement. "Sophisticated organizations are attacking the security of the internet, and we believe the images produced by the participating artists will help increase understanding of these issues for policymakers and the broader public alike."
Abraham Joel Pena Puleo [Image: courtesy Hewlett Foundation]
Abraham Peña's design targets phishing; in his graphic, he cleverly plays on the homonym by depitcing hackers as sharks circling an unassuming user.
Meanwhile, Afsal CMK illustrated encryption with accessible, brightly colored sketches. Claudio Rousselon's detailed pen-and-ink drawings make cyber alliances look like the beautiful mess they are. Information warfare is represented by Ivana Troselj as a bird "mistakenly rearing a grenade in a nest of its own eggs," and Mariah Jochai's text-based graphic shows how hacking threats can hide in plain sight.
These creative, relatable images work to simplify the pitfalls of our tech-reliant world for the public. Since digital privacy is a necessarily complex facet of culture, it's vital that a broad audience can grasp how high the stakes of creating a secure digital landscape is. Right now, publications and platforms rely on archaic—and inaccurate—stock images that depict hackers as goofy pranksters to illustrate security concerns that plague both major organizations and private citizens alike. The contest's openly licensed designs, which are as varied as the individuals who imagined them, stand to help.
"We were thrilled by the passionate community of cybersecurity professionals and visual creators that joined this global call, committing their time and skills to this important work, together," Jason Rissman, managing director at OpenIDEO, said in a statement.
Beyond the fame and glory of creating free stock images, the winners each received a $7,000 prize. (All 23 semifinalists received $500.) As we previously reported, the five finalists' artwork will be available in the public domain, able to be shared and repurposed under an open Creative Commons license.


text:
Firstcricket Hockey Football Tennis Badminton NBA
South Africa Women vs India Women
75/3 (16.0 ov)
Yet To Bat
234/4 (20.0 ov)
66 (12.1 ov)
South Africa vs England
287 (43.1 ov)
Zimbabwe vs West Indies
Match begins at 13:30 IST (08:00 GMT)
Nepal vs Namibia
South Africa Women vs Sri Lanka Women
SL-W
West Indies Women vs England Women
WI-W
ENG-W
Australia Women vs New Zealand Women
AUS-W
NZ-W
Josh Hazlewood picks his combined India-Australia Test XI; see who made the cut
Hazlewood said, "India's bowling attack got us last time and that is what we don't like to happen on our home soil."
FP Trending
18:00:14 IST
The Australian cricket team is currently gearing up for their upcoming tour of England and pacer Josh Hazlewood is going to be a key player in the touring party. This tour will be followed by a big series against India later this year and the fast bowler had a lot to talk about that recently.
Speaking to WION, Hazlewood selected players from both the Australian and Indian teams to create his combined Test XI.
Among pacers, the speedster picked himself, Pat Cummins and Jasprit Bumrah.
Keeping his options open for different grounds, he went for Nathan Lyon for Australian soil and Ravichandran Ashwin for Indian conditions in the spinners department.
Hazlewood then made his way into the opening lineup. "Openers would be Mayank Agarwal – taking future in consideration – and David Warner," he said.
Interestingly, Steve Smith was at the one-down spot, to be followed by Virat Kohli and Cheteshwar Pujara. At number six, he chose Marnus Labuschagne or Rohit Sharma, with the final pick dependent on their "ability to change the game".
He also spoke about the importance of the series, even comparing it with the Ashes. Hazlewood said, "India's bowling attack got us last time and that is what we don't like to happen on our home soil." He called it a huge series for both teams.
The India tour of Australia, starting in October later this year, might be the first international game the Men in Blue play after the coronavirus outbreak had halted all sporting events across the country.
The long series will see four Test matches being played between the sides from December till January, 2021. Other than those, three One Day International (ODI) matches and three T20s will be held till 17 January, 2021.
India Tour Of Australia
Find latest and upcoming tech gadgets online on Tech2 Gadgets. Get technology news, gadgets reviews & ratings. Popular gadgets including laptop, tablet and mobile specifications, features, prices, comparison.
First Cricket News
Sarfaraz Khan is not just smashing on the selection doors, he is burning them: Ravichandran Ashwin
Senior India off-spinner Ravichandran Ashwin threw his weight behind Mumbai batter Sarfaraz Khan, who has been overlooked for India's squad for the first two Tests against Australia despite his superb domestic form.
Hardik Pandya frontrunner for ODI captaincy after Rohit Sharma
Hardik Pandya is the front-runner for ODI captaincy after Rohit Sharma, having led India to 6 wins out of 8 T20I matches as captain.
Murali Vijay announces retirement from all forms of cricket
Vijay, who accumulated nearly 4,000 runs in 61 Test appearances for the Indian team announced his decision to quit all forms of the sport on Twitter.
Steve Smith signs with English county Sussex ahead of Ashes
Steve Smith will play three county games for Sussex against Worcester, Leicestershire, and Glamorgan and will join Indian star, Cheteshwar Pujara.
'We can give them space guys,' Ravichandran Ashwin asks fans to be patient with Rohit Sharma, Virat Kohli
Ravi Ashwin said that just because MS Dhoni came in and won a World Cup doesn't mean it will happen with everyone.
'Take lessons from India': Former Pakistan cricketer's suggestion to his team lagging behind on home soil
The former Pakistan cricketer also seemed doubtful about who would replace Babar Azam as captain in the T20 Internationals.
India vs Australia: You need to get Virat Kohli out of his comfort zone, says Jeff Thomson
Virat Kohli has roared back to form in ODIs and T20Is but is yet to score a ton in Test matches since November 2019
'They have to bowl more': Kapil Dev's stern suggestion to Indian pacers dealing with long-time injuries
The Indian team has been afflicted with injuries to several key players of late, with the likes of Jasprit Bumrah and Ravindra Jadeja having not been in action for several months now.
Current & Recent
Womens T20I Tri-Series in South Africa, 2023
SA-W Vs IND-W
WI-W Vs IND-W
India Women beat West Indies Women by 8 wickets
Pakistan Women in Australia, 3 T20I Series, 2023
AUS-W Vs PAK-W
Australia Women beat Pakistan Women by 8 wickets
New Zealand in India, 3 T20I Series, 2023
England in South Africa, 3 ODI Series, 2023
SA Vs ENG
Queens Sports Club, Bulawayo
13:30 Hrs IST
VCA Stadium, Civil Lines, Nagpur
Tribhuvan University International Cricket Ground, Kirtipur


Adams Foam Rubber has become one of the most experienced and respected flexible foam design firms in the country.
Current President and CEO Lonny Gold and former President and CEO Red Adams enjoying a drink at a charity event.
Adams Foam, a family owned and operated manufacturer since 1950. Originally founded by Julius "Red" Adams to serve the general public, looking to replace foam cushion inserts for sofas and chairs for their homes, and produce fabricated foam products for the bedding and furniture industries. Adams now fabricates a wide array of foam products and engineers innovative solutions.
By focusing on value, quality and service our entire team understands that every product, customer, and order is important. Every client receives the care and attention of our committed team, insuring you receive a product that will provide years of comfort, protection and satisfaction.
We look forward to serving you and welcome your feedback and suggestions in our ongoing effort to meet and exceed your expectations.


text:
Cole Chaney Does Incredible Cover Of Keith Whitley's Song For Lorrie Morgan, "Tell Lorrie I Love Her"
I will never get tired of hearing Cole Chaney cover Keith Whitley.
We've heard him do Keith's heartbreaker, "I'm Over You" before, and today, he's doing his own rendition of "Tell Lorrie I Love Her" with Abby Hamilton.
Keith originally wrote and recorded the song at home for his wife and fellow country singer, Lorrie Morgan. He'd written it for his friend, Curtis Young, to sing on Keith and Lorrie's wedding day.
It was only released posthumously on his Greatest Hits album, and of course, became an instant classic thereafter.
In her 1997 book, Forever Yours Faithfully: My Love Story, which was about her relationship and marriage to Keith, Lorrie noted that she listened to this song repeatedly on her way to his funeral. Keith tragically passed away at the young age of 33 from alcohol poisoning, and he had struggled with alcoholism since he was a teenager.
It's incredibly sad to think back on now when you hear the lyrics he wrote, and knowing that he put his unconditional love for her into a such a beautiful song just about brings a tear to your eye:
"If I were alone in the desert
Without a drink of water around
With my knees and hands in the white scorching sands
With the hot Sahara sun beating down
If I could be granted my wishes
And anything I want would come true
Well, I know that it might sound funny
But here's what I want you to do
Tell Lorrie I love her
Tell Lorrie I need her
Tell her everything would be okay
If I could just see her
And if I leave this old world
Tell her she's the only girl for me"
And like we've said before, y'all need to be listening to all of Cole's original music, too, if you aren't already. Mercy is hands down one of the best albums to drop this year.
A native of Kentucky, he's gonna be the next big thing out of Appalachia.
"Tell Lorrie I Love Her – Keith Whitley. With Abby Hamilton. Been feeling Keith lately."
A post shared by Cole Chaney (@colechaneymusic)
And the original:
Cole ChaneyCountry MusicFeaturedKeith WhitleyLorrie MorganVideo


text:
Oedipus Rex Part 1 Essay
In Oedipus Rex, Oedipus, the king of Thebes, makes discoveries that leads him to one major discovery. Because Oedipus is blind to the truth, he reacts to his discoveries in the wrong way and blames others to give himself assurance. Oedipus starts off as a confident man who doesn't know who he is, and turns into a man with a broken soul who knows who he is and what he has done.
In the prologue of the story, the priest informs Oedipus that there is an infertility plague among the people of Thebes. The priest tells Oedipus that the people of Thebes are relying on Oedipus to save them from the plague. Oedipus promises to end the plague. However, he makes a comment, "No one is as sick as I." He said this because he not only has his burdens, but he also has the burden of the people with the plague now. This reaction suggests that Oedipus is not a good king, because he worries more about himself than his people. He is showing character traits of being conceited and selfish.
The next revelation that Oedipus uncovers in his quest for knowledge happens when he sent Creon to Apollo's Oracle. Apollo commands that Oedipus drive out the pollution from the land. Apollo said that the pollution was the murderer of King Laius. He also said that the murderer lives in Thebes. Oedipus promises to banish or kill the murderer of Thebes. This reaction suggests that Oedipus makes promises to appease Apollo, and seems to be eager to help others. Of course, the promises he makes cannot be granted due to the fact that Oedipus himself is the murderer of Thebes.
Also, Oedipus goes to Teiresias for help on how to resolve the plague among the people of Thebes. Oedipus asks Teiresias to tell him what he knows about the murder of King Laius, but Teiresias tells him nothing good will come of what he knows. Teiresias warns Oedipus that the news might cause chaos, but Oedipus keeps asking for his knowledge. Oedipus becomes enraged since Teiresias doesn't do what he asks. Because Teiresias becomes angry, he reveals that oedipus is the murderer. Oedipus doesn't believe him and accuses Teiresias and Creon of trying to take over his throne. He then orders Teiresias to leave. This rash assumption Oedipus makes shows how he makes his decisions based on his emotions and not the facts.
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By: alaynajones5
Submitted: December 16, 2016
Essay Length: 644 Words / 3 Pages
Paper type: Essay
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Carers across Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire are invited to attend a special Carers' Afternoon in the beautiful grounds of The Hospice of St Francis on Friday 16th June from 2-4pm.
The focus of the event, which takes place during Carers' Week (12th – 18th June), will be on building carer friendly communities, which support carers to look after the person they are caring for well, while recognising that they are individuals with needs of their own.
The annual event, which is free and open to everyone who supports a relative or friend with a life-limiting illness, offers carers an opportunity to meet with other people in a similar situation and spend the afternoon enjoying tea and cake on the lawn, listening to live jazz, browsing the craft, gift, and plant stalls and indulging in a complementary therapy session or a mini manicure.
The Hospice's boutique gift shop number twenty and re-loved furniture store Returned to Glory will also have items for sale on the day giving carers, who might otherwise find it difficult to find time to shop, an opportunity to browse the goods.
There will also be carers' information stalls from organisations including Age UK Dacorum, Carers in Herts, Carers in Bucks, Motor Neurone Disease Association, Macmillan Cancer Support and the Alzheimer's Society.
The Hospice supports more than 100 carers each year from across the area, offering workshops, courses and social groups, as well as respite support for carers through a carer support volunteer visiting scheme.
"Carers can feel guilty for taking time out and can become overwhelmed by the changes in their circumstances. This is our opportunity, as part of National Carers' Week, to give them a well-deserved break from their caring role and provide some rejuvenating me-time.
The afternoon will be supported by staff from the Alford Arms in Frithsden, therapists from Champneys Health Spa, jazz band, Just Jazz as well as staff and volunteers from the Hospice.


text:
<?php

/**
 * adegrees actions.
 *
 * @package    alumni
 * @subpackage adegrees
 * @author     E.R. Nurwijayadi
 * @version    1.0
 */
class adegreesActions extends sfActionsAlumniCRUD
{
  public function executeIndex(sfWebRequest $request)
  {
	$this->a_degrees = $this->getRowsByFormWithPagerOrdered(
		$request, 'ADegreesFormFilter', 'ADegrees', 105);
  }

  public function executeList(sfWebRequest $request)
  {
	$index = $request->getParameter('aid');
    $this->alumni = Doctrine_Core::getTable('Alumni')->find(array($index));
	$this->forward404Unless($this->alumni);

	$this->a_degrees = Doctrine_Core::getTable('ADegrees')
		->createQuery('d')
		->leftJoin('d.Alumni a')
		->leftJoin('d.Strata s')
		->where('d.aid = ?', $index)
		->execute();

	$this->aid = $index;
  }

  public function executeShow(sfWebRequest $request)
  {
    $this->a_row = Doctrine_Core::getTable('ADegrees')
		->find(array($request->getParameter('did')));
    $this->forward404Unless($this->a_row);
  }

  public function executeNew(sfWebRequest $request)
  {
	$aid = $request->getParameter('aid');
	$this->forward404Unless($aid);

    $this->form = new ADegreesForm();
    $this->form->setDefault('aid', $aid);
    $this->form->setDefault('strata_id', 10);
    $this->form->setDefault('degree', 'ST');
    $this->form->setDefault('institution', 'University of Indonesia');
    $this->form->setDefault('major', 'Engineering');
  }

  public function executeEdit(sfWebRequest $request)
  {
    $a_degrees = $this->forward404UnlessExist($request);
    $this->form = new ADegreesForm($a_degrees);
  }

  protected function setupCRUD()
  {
	  $this->initPropCRUD(
		'ADegrees', 'ADegreesForm',
		'adegrees/index', 'did', 'a_degrees');
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Our client, a market leader in their chosen field, is seeking an assistant financial accountant to join their busy central finance team. Reporting into the Financial Accountant you will be responsible for one of the accounting processes. This company is renowned for nurturing and promoting internal talent and can offer real development opportunities to the successful candidate.They will consider either a grad with some accounting experience or an part-qualified assistant accountant.


To know the main socio-economic characteristics of the fifty-four African countries.
Syllabus of the Program: Central African Economic Area.
Syllabus of the Program: Southern African Economic Area.
Algeria: 50% of the African gas. An African frontier market.
Tunisia: the world's leading dates exporter.