text:
Plunging player prices to reveal Blu-ray vs HD DVD winner?
A clear leader in the battle to be the top next-generation optical disc format could emerge next year as player prices plummet and take of the cost of entry out of the equation, market watcher Understanding & Solutions (U&S) has claimed. While consumers remain confused about whether to back HD DVD or Blu-ray Disc, the high …
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Friday 21st December 2007 13:36 GMT Giles Jones
HD DVD will win
The most technically advanced solution has never won format wars as far as I can remember.
Minidisc beat DCC despite DCC sounding better.
VHS beat Betamax and Video 2000.
HD DVD offers less storage, but there's still plenty of storage available. The discs can be made more cheaply as you can retool an existing DVD plant easily.
Both are too similar for their own good, the winner will be decided on price and title availability. HD DVD is cheaper and people won't risk investing in a premium format if it may be the loser.
Friday 21st December 2007 13:36 GMT Anonymous Coward
Calculation flaw.
There is a flaw in your $ to £ conversions. The proper way to do a $ to £ calculation for electrical equipment is shown in the following examples:
$100 = £100
$1000 = £1000
Friday 21st December 2007 14:15 GMT Lul Whut
Wah wah wah wah.
PS3 will help Blu Ray gain a short term victory... I think that's a given no matter how much MS fund the HD-DVD. (Coming from a 360 & Wii owner) In a couple of years we all be downloading everything so i'm happy enough with my standard DVD collection as is and feel no need to update.
Cost of entry?
"player prices plummet and take of the cost of entry out of the equation"
They going to come with a free HD telly then?
Friday 21st December 2007 14:15 GMT Dave
Is it just me
Or is the winner going to be the manufacturer who designs and sells a player that can handle both formats.
Friday 21st December 2007 14:15 GMT Mage
maybe neither
Compared to DVD sales and taking into account the size & quality of most HD TVS and the upscaled image etc...
Unless you have real 1920x1080 screen that is about 52" or bigger, ideally 60"+ there is nothing compelling about ANY format of HD player.
Also an MPEG4 HD film will fit on DVD9. Some DVD players will even play MPEG4 files. I used to have to convert TS format files to PS format and author a DVD to play. My current DVD player can play MPEG TS recorded direct from Satellite "as is" with no PS reformating or DVD authoring.
Unless every title is available very soon at similar price to DVD, and the player is sub 100 Eur, then both formats are going to stagnate.
Friday 21st December 2007 14:15 GMT peter wegrzyn
Little difference in price between them
The cheapest HD-DVD in the UK is currently £188 and the cheapest Blu-ray is £234, so the quoted 'average' prices are way too low for HD-DVD, other players (well, the other two Toshiba models as they are all thats available) bring the average price up considerably.
Friday 21st December 2007 14:15 GMT DrXym
HD DVD's subsidy tactic is running out of steam
HD DVD players have appeared cheaper since Toshiba is the only major manufacturer of players so it has been able to massively subsidize early models to make them more affordable. By contrast Blu Ray is supported by a consortium of major manufacturers and players have been expensive. I doubt the actual underlying price of manufacture for either format is significantly different but to the public HD DVD appears cheaper because of the subsidy.
Unfortunately for Toshiba, prices of Blu Ray players are dropping substantially. Early adoption is over and now its going mainstream. You can already buy players for under $300. While they're not quite as cheap as the Venturer player ($200), they're well into Toshiba brand territory. Give it another 6 months as another generation of players appear and there will be no difference in price.
Once that happens (and its already started) there will be an overwhelming selection of affordable Blu Ray players against a handful from Toshiba and no name clones. And even now there are something like 6 times as many Blu Ray players when the PS3 is counted.
I think its incredibly unlikely that HD DVD is going to win on hardware. It can't win on hardware.
I also think it is incredibly unlikely that it will compete on movies either. Blu Ray is selling 2 to 3 times the number of movies as HD DVD simply because there so many more players, and also more movies are being released on Blu Ray. There have been blips when a decent HD DVD exclusive has appeared but sales are predominantly in Blu's favour.
The only way I see HD DVD staving off total annihilation is if they win Warner Brothers. WB is rumoured to be going exclusive one way or the other. It would be pretty stupid for Warner to want to go exclusive to HD DVD when it has weaker encryption and less features but they might if Microsoft whip out some $$$ to make it happen. Microsoft is gaming this war presumably since it strengthens their own DLC plans. But if Warner goes Blu then it's all over for HD DVD. The other exclusive studios will go Blu as soon as their golden handcuffs are released and that will be that.
And good riddance really.
HD DVD or Blu Ray...It's like debating 8 inch or 5 inch or 3 inch floppy disks. (Or 78, 45, and 33 rpm vinyl).
Why do we need a complicated package of lasers and spinning flying plastic disks to get our videos?
Where's the USB port on my HD TV? I expect to be able to plug in some flash memory and watch video.
These HD players are going to end up on the trash heap, next to the 8 track tape players.
Friday 21st December 2007 14:36 GMT Tony
RE: ClammyLammy
Cost of entry as a variable can be taken out as you need a HD TV for both formats. It would only be an issue if one of the formats required you to buy a specific type of HD TV.
Friday 21st December 2007 14:36 GMT Mike Byrne
Sony != ftw ?
Surely you just back the format Sony isn't?
Minidisc might have beat DCC but it couldnt be considered a winner since HMV is still full of CDs and not minidisc music.
Betamax failed to beat VHS and Video8 which Sony pushed didnt really take off.
(ok so Playstation kicked Sega and then Microsofts respective rears in the console wars, but I never liked the awkward controllers for the PS anyways)
Friday 21st December 2007 14:36 GMT JeffyPooh
Cost of players is irrelevent
The cost of the media dominates the financial equation, even in just the mid-term. Provided you've got enough inputs on your telly, and enough space in your furniture, there's no reason not to purchase one of each (or pay extra for a dual player).
The real issue is the boot-up time for some of these units. If you can't start watching a disc in less than 1 minute from power on, then I wouldn't stand for it. From what I've read, HD-DVD is ahead in this area. I've seen reports of some BluRay players requiring several minutes to get going.
Perhaps I'm Cynical,
but shouldn't we also bake into the equation when the first format is cracked for mass duplication of content? It's slighly naughty to make the suggestion, but if burners become cheap and ubiquotous and there is open source software to rip it (DVD Shrink for BD/HD-DVD), won't that go a long way in determining a "winner"?
Sometimes you have to lose to know how to win, if you know what I mean.
Friday 21st December 2007 14:54 GMT James Pickett (Jp)
Cost of the media
I don't care about the cost of the players any more, both formats can be had for a couple of hundred, which is pretty affordable.
But when a DVD can be had for £5 that is still £18+ on an HD format, I'm pretty sure which format will remain 'mainstream' for the foreseeable . . . DVD!
Second (random) point. How many people like a few beers or glasses of wine when watching a film?
Then the advantages of HD are probably lost on you! ;-)
Friday 21st December 2007 14:54 GMT dek
me thinks the technology is archaic before it even reaches the masses. Anyone capable of a cost comparison for putting HD on flash mem? At volume factoring in players with no moving parts I'd bet flash mem players would be cheaper. So personally I don't ever expect to buy either.
Friday 21st December 2007 15:11 GMT David
Joe Public UK
Be honest, will Joe Public in the UK walking into currys really know the difference. Would they spend £100s on a no name brand HD-DVD player? doubt it. IMO someone with money to spare will always go with with a sony, panasonic, pioneer, samsung known brand ( + it will match their big TVs).
People who have money to spend on such devices are not really going to do much research on a product, can they get their fav movies on that format etc.
So realistically we are talking about PS3's and 360 add ons (who actually has one of these BTW?) I have a feeling sony will win this small war but its irrelevant because media servers & on-demand services are the way forward.
Just my £0.02 worth.
Friday 21st December 2007 15:17 GMT Andy
Casino Royal, DVD 4 quid, blu ray 17 quid, but I can't see the blu ray disks as being 4 times better. In fact I find it difficult to see much of an improvement at all.
There's a big difference from my 40 inch 1080P tv to my old CRT. But when I try to convince myself that it's better, all I see is flickering artifacts which were defo not there on the CRT. But what I can do is boast I have 1080P to my friends, for that, I will be eternally grateful to consumerism.
But if I put my sensible hat on, I'll be buying DVD for the medium term at least.
Oh, I like the pretty slide on menu when you are watching a blu-ray film. Not sure that justifies the grand and a bit I spent though.
Crap in HD...
is still crap. Why spend hundreds of dollars or pounds to watch it?
Friday 21st December 2007 16:37 GMT Ivan Headache
Not that I'm buying but...
having just picked up the PC World Christmas catalogue (I know but I was in Tottenham Court Road and ....) I notice that there appears to be very little mention of HD but plenty of mention of Blu-Ray.
In Costco they were doing 3 Blu-Ray disks for the price of 2 (IIRC) and I don't remember seeing any HD disks at all.
Perhaps the decision is already made.
Friday 21st December 2007 16:37 GMT Gilbert Wham
'Format clarity' coming in 2008', says analyst
"Physical media to be dead in the water shortly afterwards", says rest of world.
Friday 21st December 2007 16:37 GMT John
there won't be a winner
Simple as that, we are going to end up with two formats and thats the end of it, there is too much of a divide on each side with each being having very large backers pushing it.
If I had to pin a tail on this particular donkey, the winner will be the asians who start to throw out cheap dual format players. If either side wants to 'win', then leak decryption code, which ever can be decoded and copied will become an immediate favourite, but that isn't gonna happen. We're gonna be stuck with two formats and films appearing on one or the other depending the publisher, the market these days isn't like it was for the VHS/Betamax fight, the markets is incomparably larger and theres enough room for both, at the loss of the consumer sadly.
Friday 21st December 2007 20:32 GMT Phil Rigby
What will the superstores push?
Another thing is that in the US Wal-mart are really pushing Blu-Ray quite hard at the moment (Xmas rush and all that), and as Wal-mart own Asda, expect to see them doing the same thing. Once a big chain superstore starts pushing a format, everyone who goes into the store will see the stands and pretty lights and think "oooh that's nice". Plus, the names alone - Blu-Ray sounds so much cooler than HD-DVD (the same letter 3 times in a 5 letter acronym?).
In the 80's it was 8-bit computer wars... in the 90's it was the browser wars... and now we have the digital media wars :-)
I'm not really sure about which format to go with, but I'm beginning to lean towards Blu-Ray. Pointless until I get a new telly though.
Paris Hilton icon because... she probably looks good on DVD.
Friday 21st December 2007 20:32 GMT Morely Dotes
Players? Pish!
When HD or BD *recorders* are under $100, *then* (and only then) will it matter in the marketplace.
There is no "killer content" available in either format, but I'd be reall glad to be able to roll 5 to 10 of my existing movies onto a single disk, using the software I already have. It would be great to put all 6 of the Star Wars movies on a single disk without losing any fidelity (and, incidently, without keeping the annoying FBI and Interpol adverts).
So show me a recorder that can handle either of the hi-def disk types, and blank media at no more than $2 a disk, and we can talk.
Until then: Sony and the HD camp can both go piss up a rope.
Friday 21st December 2007 20:32 GMT Anonymous John
I think I'll wait for ones that will record to hard disk reach these shores.
Or more likely add a HD DVD or Blu ray drive (or both) to a Media PC. I've bought more than enough gear that can't be upgraded.
Friday 21st December 2007 20:34 GMT LaeMi Qian
For me, the winner will be...
...whichever format has (worthwhile) disks in the supermarket $9.95 bin first.
Friday 21st December 2007 20:35 GMT William
@JeffyPooh RE: Startup times
"The real issue is the boot-up time for some of these units. If you can't start watching a disc in less than 1 minute from power on, then I wouldn't stand for it. ."
Well you show me a current DVD where I can start watching a film in less than 1 minute. A disc where you don't have to navigate past all the menus, all the legal warnings and sometimes adverts then your comment has some merit. As it stands the boot up time pales into insignificance compared to the time some current DVD disks make you wait before you watch the film itself.
Friday 21st December 2007 22:15 GMT Phil
Just seen a reasonably priced dual format
LG GGW-H20L Blu-Ray Disc Rewriter + HD DVD ROM Drive Internal SATA
for around the £180 mark.
* Write Speed
* BD-R (SL/DL) 4x
* BD-R (SL LTH)16x
* DVD-R DL 4x
* DVD-RW (SL/DL) 6x
* DVD-RAM 5x
* DVD+R 16x
* DVD+R DL 2.4x
* DVD+RW (SL/DL) 8x
* CD-R 40x
* CD-RW 24x
* Read Speed
* BD-ROM (SL/DL) 6x
* BD-R (SL LTH) 3.8x
* BD-RE (SL/DL) 2x
* BDMV (AACS Compliant Disc) 4.8x
* HD DVD-ROM (SL/DL) 3x
* HD DVD-R (SL/DL) 3x
* HD DVD-Video (AACS Compliant Disc) 3x
* DVD-ROM (SL/DL) 16x
* DVD-R (SL/DL) 12x
* DVD-RW (SL/DL) 10x
* DVD+R (SL/DL) 12x
* DVD+RW (SL/DL) 10x
* DVD- 8x
* CD-R/RW/ROM 40x
* CD-DA (DAE) 40x
* 8cm CD 10x
* Video CD 40x
* Sustained Transfer Rate
* BD-ROM 215.79 Mbits/s (6x) max.
* HD DVD-ROM 109.65 Mbits/s (3x) max.
* DVD-ROM 22.16 Mbytes/s (16x) max.
* CD-ROM 6,000 Kbytes/s (40x) max.
* Access Time
* BD-ROM 180 ms typ
* HD DVD-ROM 210 ms typ
* DVD-ROM 160 ms typ
* DVD-RAM 180 ms typ
* CD-ROM 150 ms typ.
* Buffer Size 4 MB
* Loading Type: Motorized Tray
* Interface Type: Serial ATA
Friday 21st December 2007 23:24 GMT Daniel B.
Physical Media isn't dead yet
Claiming that Physical Media (DVDs, CDs and such) are dead is as stupid as the Web-2.0ites claiming native software is dead 'coz you can do everything with Javascript AJAX applications.
Flash memory is unreliable, hard drives crash ... I'd love to see a 512 Gb HD crash with $300 worth of HD content! CD's, DVD's and such don't fail unless you're careless with them... ok there are bad quality CDs but commercial movies aren't that bad. And it is always good to have a hard copy somewhere.
As for the media wars, I root for Blu-Ray. HD-DVD sells only because its temporarily region free.
Saturday 22nd December 2007 03:45 GMT Anonymous from Mars
DVD is my winner.
$5 - $10 movies. PS2 starts playing movies in 10 seconds. Brilliant quality movies on my 17" TV from 1995. I don't see how DVD isn't going to be the winner this holiday season.
Maybe I'm just some sort of superior being, but I'm not blind enough to need a 50" TV and I can hear perfectly with my monaural to not need 200 speakers littered around my living room. If you need those to make the movie good... well, maybe you should be watching a different movie.
Saturday 22nd December 2007 06:26 GMT Cyberwlf
As i was traveling Europe recently, i saw more consumer electronic stores with larger (or only) Blu-Ray collections than I did HD-DVD. The occasional shop will have more HD, but at worst the collections tend to be half and half. But yeah i've noticed more exclusives for Blu-Ray than HD-DVD too, but during the Xmas consumer wars, both seem to be selling exclusives equally, but PS3 is finally actually getting some advertising from Sony and has dropped to 299 too, so no doubt this will influence things too.
Saturday 22nd December 2007 11:21 GMT Rich
Who says only one format can win?
What if one format wins on one continent and another wins on another? If they have regional encoded DVDs today to keep people from importing/exporting unreleased movies all over the world, how much better would it be for the studios if each region had its own format? In the U.S. high def discs will take off in late 2008 or early 2009 as all people will need either a digital TV or converter box to watch TV as all broadcast TV in the U.S. must switch from analog to digital by February 2009. Only then will we see wide adoption of either/both HD formats.
The only people who should be looking into buying either format are those of us who currently own large 1080p TVs. No one else will see much/any improvement over cheaper DVDs.
Saturday 22nd December 2007 18:49 GMT Adam Carden
Everyone here keeps focusing on the physical media as this is what is being pushed and in that respect Blueray is the superior format.
However lets actually take a look at whats on the disc.
Blueray: MPEG2 - Lower quality, more artefacts, more space. However it will be easier to get lower in price as the hardware for the drive itself falls, there are plenty of MPEG2 decoders around and they cheap to manufacture. Due to Bluerays capacity they can deal with some of the quality problems via bitrate alone.
HD-DVD: MPEG4 - Higher quality (more modern compression algorithms), less artefacts, less space. However it will be harder to keep dropping the price on these due to the fact that MPEG4 decoding uses a massive amount of processing power, as an example a dual core 64bit processor with the best software decoding available today still takes around 60% of each cpu.
I Own: HD-DVD because I got it practically free when I swapped the XBOX 360 accessory pack for a HD-DVD addon and 5 HD-DVD's. Not that I evangelized HD-DVD at all and if Blueray starts to take a major major lead I will avail myself of a Blueray drive (which ever is cheaper a PS3 or standalone)
Saturday 22nd December 2007 20:46 GMT Anonymous Coward
@ Adam Carden
I'm sure I won't be the only one to point out that Blu-ray and HD-DVD cover pretty much (if not exactly) the same compression algorithms - yes, MPEG4 AVC and VC1 (the modern ones) are a part of the Blu-ray spec as well. So you might want to re-run your analysis.
But a good compression algorithm (AVC) combined with a higher capacity and even more importantly bandwidth still results in a better picture than the same algorithm with a lower bandwidth.
Saturday 22nd December 2007 22:56 GMT Michael
MPEG2 ??? MPEG4 ???
I was going to point out the same thing too.. Blue-ray specs dictate that a blue-ray player must support MPEG2 or MPEG4(H.264/AVC/VC-1) and that it is up to the manufacturer or owner/distrbutor of the Blue-ray title of the encoding of the title, it could even be both MPEG2 and MPEG4 on the same disc. but whatever they choose there will be royalties to pay..
Another thing that Adam seems to get mixed up on is the his perception that MPEG2 is inferiror to MPEG4, well an MPEG2 stream at 30mbps will look about the same as say an MPEG4 stream at 12-15mbps.. But as Adam mentions, MPEG2 hardware decoders are well defined and require less processing power if done in software than MPEG4 to do in software..
So the dufferences between HD-DVD or Blue-ray are not to do with the codecs used because they use the same stuff, the primary differences are the storage capacity of each format..
Downloads ??? Really ??
DSL will still be around in a few years and for years more by my reckoning.. Those who think that downloading a full HD movie on their DSL line will need to think how much download throughput speeds people are really getting on their DSL lines to how long it would take for them to download a BLUE-Ray or HD-DVDs worth of High definition Video. Those lucky enough to be in a fiber covered area need not think about this...
Sunday 23rd December 2007 04:23 GMT Martin Usher
Usability is the key
SD is going to be around for some time because most households have more than one (SD) DVD player and some have DVD recorders. SD resolution is fine for most smaller TVs, as someone else noted you won't really notice the difference until you get to a 52" screen (and, from experience, even if you've got a 52" with decent upconversion the picture's going to look fine). So the key to acceptability is flexibility and cost. HD-DVD has the advantage (IMO) because of dual format disks. Blu-Ray may store more information (and stream it faster) but this doesn't matter to users, they're only interested in whether the stuff works or not and whether the cost is incremental. You shouldn't have to spend a small fortune on kit just to watch TV and its pointless having spent that money to have to spend even more to duplicate the media so you can use it elsewhere in the house.
One of the interesting things about HD broadcasts is how they've improved the SD feed. Its not the medium, its the source (how many times has this been shown to be true with CDs?).
(The Toshiba players run Linux, BTW. Its kind of odd to have to boot Linux to play a DVD.)
Sunday 23rd December 2007 18:52 GMT Michael
Martin Usher
The point about this article is Blue-ray and HD-DVD, obviously they support High-def. The market for DVD is already saturated, people can get a DVD player that plays SD for less than 20 quid now..
If you can't tell the difference between SD vs HD on a 30 inch, then yeah, for you, you should stick with normal DVD and SD images..
The next growth is HD, thus it is fitting that people talk about blue-ray and HD-DVD, yes not all people will get it and first.. but it will gradually seep through just like when CDs were introduced or when DVDs were first introduced. The same will be for HD TVs, they will seep through the market too. so that the average person on the street will have one..
SO which will win B;ue-ray or HD-DVD ??
Personally they will still co-exist through 2008, after that I don't know..
Sunday 23rd December 2007 18:52 GMT JeffyPooh
With some BluRay players, the slowness is built-in
I've got lots of DVDs that can be playing the feature in about a minute from powering on the player. You're right about some of the major block-buster movies, but the simpler discs get to the main menu pretty quick. If not a minute, pretty close.
What I've read about BluRay is that the player itself can take five minutes to get out of its pajamas, have a coffee, fart a few times, etc, etc, etc. This in addition to any disc delays.
It is a bit like those early digital cameras that take far too much time to turn on, and are far too slow to take a picture.
There's no sense being an early adopter if by the time your Gen 1 unit actually finishes booting up, the neighbour has already bought a Gen 2 unit and pretty much worn it out.
But what exactly are you getting for your money?
The whole problem with HD is that you're putting a whole lot of technology in play - with its extra costs - for minimal user benefit. Flat screen displays are an obvious improvement over CRTs, DVDs easily outshine tapes, but what, exactly, are the improvements from the extra resolution? There are two things we overlook. One is that the eye is not a HD device -- SD was designed around the properties of people's eyes. The other is that picture information is hugely redundant, you can fake an acceptable picture by interpolation (the ears, OTOH, are very intolerant of errors). So what you have with HD is largely a marketing exercise, and since its also heavily dependent on modern fads in DRM the technology ceases to be cost effective.
Yes, I have all the crap, the (oversized) 1080p LCD, the HD sources and so on. Its because of this, and because I have had hands on experience working with (digital) television, that I make my assertions. BluRay to me is a dog not because of its technical specs but because its trying to carve a completely new market niche for itself -- its demanding we throw away everything we have that works satisfactorily and buy new (Sony) stuff. Since its coming from the company that's associated with weird propietary formats, rootkits and other marketing driven anti-consumer technologies, what's the point in biting? I get just as good results from the HD-DVD sources and I don't have to junk all my existing kit?
Sunday 23rd December 2007 21:02 GMT Alphaman
Downloads won't take off anytime soon. For example, I've got 35 BR discs. Figure an average of 25GB of data per disc (not max, obviously) and that works out to 875GB. Are you telling me that I have to download 875GB and store that long term? Or that every time I want to watch a movie I've got to stream 25 gig, then delete it? If someone else wants to pay for a DS3 or DS4 line into my house, I might consider it. This is nonsense for the remainder of this decade, and probably well into the next.
One of the prime reasons BetaMax failed was because there was one primary source. Sure, there were a couple of other vendors, but Sony was the driver.
Compare that with HD-DVD being sourced by one primary vendor, Toshiba. Versus BR players and recorders from Sony, Samsung, LG, Sharp, Panasonic, Pioneer, Philips, Mitsubishi, Funai, JVC, Loewe, Denon, and Daewoo.
And when a format-agnostic consumer goes into a store, they're going to look at relatively comparable players, and ask "which platform are my desired movies available on?" With a list of studios almost as long as the list of hardware manufacturers above, BR will get the sale in the majority of cases.
The war is over, HD-DVD is just going through death spasms.
Monday 24th December 2007 00:14 GMT Michael
I see your problem, you have a hatred for Sony. You also fail to see that alot of the stuff they develop has not been proprietry, amongst oter things, and along with others they have a patents in MPEG2, MPEG4. CD was delevloped with Philips, DVD with Philips and others, Blueray also with Philips and others. Rootkit btw was something developed 3rd party tp Sony. So you say you like HD-DVD, wel isn't that taking sides, people may as well say you are rooting for say Toshiba, Microsoft etc... You got your HD-DVD, so why can't other people choose BlueRay ?
In your own words BlueRay is trying to carve out another market kust like what HD-DVD is doing , so what's yopur point ?
Your arguments for HD-DVD Vs BlueRay seems only to be about Sony, but the simple fact is that it just isn't Sony by itself..
I stand my assertion, both Blueray and HD-DVD will co-exist in 2008, beyind that I don;t know.
Monday 24th December 2007 03:22 GMT J
Silliness take two
I stopped by Blockbuster today and ALL they have in HD there is Blu-Ray, and it was quite a large amount of movies, to my surprise. Why would I buy an HD-DVD player then, if I can't rent anything in that format? I myself still have a low-tech CRT TV and own only DVDs, so it'll only matter to me when time forces me to change, so we'll see in a few years.
Anyway... SD and HD, no difference? 50-something inch? BS, methinks. At least for me, who have good eyes and don't drink and watch (usually). ;-)
A friend of mine has a 42" TV, I don't think it's even full HD or whatever it's called (but it could be, I never asked him). He has satellite TV (digital, of course), which is pretty nice quality and carries the local channels too. But there are also many shows being broadcast in HD over-the-air, captured by a simple, $8 rabbit ear antenna, in the local channels here in our city (in the US). So, when we are there watching some American football (after the proper football we went there to watch is finished), we have the opportunity to compare the image of the same game in both digital SD and the over-the-air HD. The difference is amazing, HD is so much clearer and, obviously, more defined in the image details. Or do we just have special eyes? ;-)
Now, Flash? FLASH!? Have you got any idea how much 50GB of Flash must cost? Last 4 GB USB pen drive I bought was $35, in a holiday sale -- it usually is more like $60. Why does the Asus Eee only have 8 GB max thus far (select locations only)? It will take a while...
Downloads? Yeah, right. As someone said above, dream on. Maybe the day we have Petabyte hard drives (or holographic devices or whatever it will be by the time), besides multi-GB connections, then I'll think of doing that instead of just sticking a plastic disk in the machine and going to get something to drink, or going to the restroom or whatever during the FBI, "you are a criminal", etc. crap...
Monday 24th December 2007 12:12 GMT Simon Wilson
Blue Ray is already Winning
Judging by sales in the States and Europe. Blue Ray is already leading in sales. Blue Ray meets the capacity needs of the Gamer and of Theater watcher. Blue Ray player already cost £199 , HD DVD having to give away films to get you to buy it. If true though that customers are confused. But this time Betamax is goner win. Microsoft are clever and foolish at the same time. Xbox 360 has a usb HD DVD but could have a Blue Ray later if needed. Again Microsoft are taking the backwards step. This isnt having ago at people yes, HD DVD and Blue Ray Media, does cost more than it should. But its the quality of audio, capacity and content that will end the war. At the moment a major film studio decided to go with on HD DVD and now is working on a dual splatter, one side Blue Ray and the other HD DVD. Because of dripping Sales. Lets be honest Blue Ray sounds better , right down to the packaging.
Monday 24th December 2007 12:13 GMT Anonymous Coward
Downloads will not take off, not for a long time yet anyway, simply because people like to 'own' movies. It isn't like music, where MP3 bloomed because of the convenience of carrying your whole collection on your player - people tend to watch movies at home, so storing them digitally isn't of great benefit.
The best supported format will win - looks like Blu-ray at the moment.
Monday 24th December 2007 17:32 GMT Jim Noeth
The cost of the players is not the only problem
Even if they gave the players away for free, there's another part of the equation, the cost of the movies. If I get an inexpensive player for format 'X' and start buying movies in that format, but, format 'Y' wins out, guess what I get to do? Re-buy the movies if my format 'X' player dies at some point in the future. For people who only rent the movies, this isn't as big a problem.
Monday 24th December 2007 20:00 GMT mik smith
Playstation 3 pushes Blue Ray slightly ahead, but will sink it in time.
Blue Ray will fail eventually 'with' the Playstation 3. Not that it might not be superior in some ways, but for the most part film enthusiasts,moms and dads renting occasionally and the general over 45 crowd, don't play video games. Or to say it better, they don't use there game machines, if they have one, for movies. Now you can all disagree, but as time goes by and the cheap HD DVD players become more available you'll see twice as many Blue Ray players, inflated by the playstation, but more HD DVD movies being sold. Mark my words. Then the major studios will remove there exclusivity and as time goes by Blue Ray will be chalked up as a 'remeber that' tech item. See the other problem is that in America the Playstation 3 never really caught on. Maybe in Europe and Japan its a wild success but not in 'Hollywood' and the USA. I tend to think that the Playstation 3 is a bit of dinosaur, based on bad timing. The Wii opened up a whole new gamer paradigm of using the controller in other ways then just pressing buttons. If you don't think Bill Gates has a team of 100 men working right now on creating a Wii like Xbox ready just in time for when the Playstation 3 is supposed to reach its prime then your out of your mind. The problem is that Sony can't kill its own. Hello HD DVD
Tuesday 25th December 2007 02:09 GMT nt300
HD DVD will continue to drop in price. Blu-Ray will lose in the end.
The only reason why current Blu-Ray players are selling for cheap is due to the FACT they are liquidating the older Profile 1.0 obsolete Blu-Ray players. Once the newer Profile 1.1 & 2.0 players come out, they are going to be expensive due to the extra hardware incorporated in them.
HD DVD is bread for MASS ADDOPTION, and studios will eventually figure it out. The last thing we need is a PlayStation 3 driven Blu-Ray format to take over.
HD DVD right now is far more superior then Blu-Ray.
HD DVD from the beginning offers phenomenal finished specifications to make sure anything which has the HD DVD logo will be compatible.
Once Warner Bros. Joins HD DVD exclusively, Blu-Ray will go away with a bang we all hope for the consumer's sake. We all do not want to support another failed SONY format.
Tuesday 25th December 2007 16:44 GMT Webster Phreaky
Blu-Ray will LOOSE
BWAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA I'm laughing at all of you iSonyApple loving idiots, Blu-Ray will LOOSE because it may be superior technologilically but remember BETAMAX (I don't), it was possibly better and it lost out in the end, hence Blu-Ray will go the way of the DODO!!!!1! And I'm with the WINNER!!
I'm with you nt300 and Martin Usher, only an idiot wants to back a FAILING SonyApple format that will fail because only an idiot wants to back it because... well because it may be better technologicularly and backed by a larger consortium but still it will FAIL because BETAMAXX failed and everyone knows what happened to it. Because it may have been better but better is the new worse.
Wednesday 26th December 2007 03:46 GMT yeah, right.
It's just storage
The cynic in me says that because Blu-ray is technically superior, HD-DVD will actually "win", assuming there is a clear "winner". It's the best marketed one that "wins", not the best technical solution.
The main thing though is that both formats are somehow seen as an "endpoint" in what can hold movies. However, with the increasing availability of downloadable movies, I'm guessing that ANY media whose sole purpose is to give movie moguls a physical lock on movies is doomed to failure. DRM has so far proved to be an expensive failure for the movie studios, with millions spent on annoying their customers with very little to show for it. The advent of Blu-ray and HD-DVD players with legislated DRM features built in to every player is just another battle in a war that the RIAA/MPAA have hopefully already lost.
Then again, I've always been an idealist in some ways. It could be that the RIAA/MPAA are actually going to win, and that copyright as we know it since 1710 is simply going to vanish. The London Company of Stationers is dead. Long live the Global Company of Stationers. Perpetual copyright is just around the corner, and already exists if you factor in the effect of DRM circumvention legislation. The concept of an artist owning their own copyright is almost laughable today in the world of "work for hire" contracts from the studios. And the idea of a "public domain" is being trounced by ever-longer terms being placed on copyright. Where NOTHING is going to enter the public domain for many more years, at which point the Mickey Mouse crowd will be lobbying for 150 year copyright terms.
Wednesday 26th December 2007 20:13 GMT Anonymous Coward
technology advantage????????
i've been watching this format war for quite awhile now and i feel a need to say something about it. i keep hearing from the the blue-ray supporters how they have all the specs. advantage and how superior a format it is but to me it looks like a dinghy in the ocean being blown which ever way the wind blows. to be changing the hardware profiing with each generation of players is not only ridiculous but to not have some plan to update the players so they can use all the features of the new disks - why that would make me so upset i would never support them again. very poorly thought out from the start. i still don't see any advantage to either format in picture or sound-they both are excellent in that regard. right now the advantage has to go to hd-dvd for useable players. not only are they cheaper but also more functional.
Thursday 27th December 2007 04:40 GMT Anonymous Coward
Video downloads will win????
Not the way they're working at the moment, currently xbox video store is refusing to play anything as its claiming all the videos (available to download) are the wrong format. Strange that they're making them available to download, is the store for the playstation them?
and yesterday my xbox360 was an incompatible device for the xbox360 video store
the only thing that has worked was the trailer for risky business, which i remember as quite a good film but like most rose tinted things i'm sure it wont be if it decides that an xbox is valid at the xbox store and the format microsoft is supplying is the correct format
in all my years of buying hddvd, blu ray, dvd, laserdisc & vhs i've never had a problem playing them because the laser disc player is not currently valid to be playing laser discs or my dvd has the wrong format video for dvd on it. Oh the latest message is they're having server problems.
"Sorry your evenings entertainment will be put on hold because one of us dropped coffee on a computer, dont worry give us a call and after an hour or two of peak rate arguing with one of our slightly lingual support assistants you'll get a refund of your money but your victory will seem hollow as you'll never get the wasted time back"
oh well bittorrent doesnt have these problems does it?
(and it's official the only thing i can watch out of the 24 available items is the risky business trailer, great theres 1 minute and 23 seconds of my evening sorted)
Thursday 27th December 2007 22:51 GMT john
Sony and Blu Ray for mine in Oz
A couple of pertinent facts from the other side of the world:
* Australian broadband speeds are SHITE and not likely to improve in the next 5 years - so we won't be downloading high def movies
* Add to that our ISPS are all upping their prices and placing limits like 10 to 20 gig per month on downloads AND uploads combined
* Sony is running a promo where you get a free PS3 with any Sony full HD purchased
* All the major video rental stores in Australia are either exclusively blu ray or stock about 3:1 Blu to HD DvD
Blu Ray is kicking HD DVD's ass so bad in Australia it is not funny - we are only small, but the battle is over here....
Thursday 27th December 2007 22:51 GMT Highlander
Blu-Ray the winner. It's over folks.
It's all over bar the shouting.
Hardware sales vastly in favor of Blu-Ray.
Movie sales vastly favor Blu-Ray.
There is no significant feature of either that the other does not already have (even if only as an optional feature).
Cheaper players are becoming available in both formats.
Blu-Ray has higher audio and video bit rates, as well as nearly double the disc capacity.
With an estimated 8 million PS3s sold (by the end of calendar year 2007), there is a guaranteed market of more than 8 million Blu-Ray players that are not going away. Even if HD-DVD were to 'win', there are already enough PS3s to support Blu-Ray movie releases on heir own without any further significant sales. And of course PS3s will continue to sell for games as well as Blu-Ray. Stand alone player sales will increase as costs drop, PS3 sales will continue to grow. In other words, the Blu-Ray snowball is rolling down hill and gathering momentum quickly.
It's hard to see how Toshiba and it's HD-DVD format intends to prevent that snowball from rolling any further. It's almost like the HD-DVD snowball is now running in the rut left by the Blu-Ray one, and there is precious little extra snow mass to be gathered in that rut.
With regards to downloading HD content. With 50GB to play with on a Blu-Ray disc, let's assume that 30GB is the movie audio and video data. If we were to download only the movie we'd need to get that 30GB downloaded to our local home theater system.
30GB = 30,000MB which is more or less 240,000Mbits
On a typical residential DSL circuit you will max out at a theoretical 3Mbits per second. To get that HD movie you will need 8000 seconds or more than two hours of data transfer at your theoretical maximum bandwidth. Now a whole host of factors go into your actual bandwidth, but you might be lucky enough to get approximately 75% of the theoretical maximum sustained over several hours. Assuming you don't use VOIP and no other use of the Internet connection is made you might manage to download your movie in 3 hours or so.
If you haven't paid for one of the 3Mbit DSL options, then you are pretty much screwed. A 1.5Mbit DSL connection would get you that movie in perhaps 6 hours, and on a very typical 768Kbit hookup you're looking at 12 hours or more.
Sure you could compress the content, but then you're not getting HD. If you crush that movie to a quarter of the original size you end up with something approaching DVD quality, but at least you can download it in a reasonable time under typical conditions. Not everyone has 3Mbits or better. Even if they did, ISPs would have to undertake considerable upgrades of their own networks to handle the huge data transfers inherent in all their customers suddenly downloading HD content. At the end of the day, this is not at all practical, and not something that will magically become practical tomorrow. We've been talking about fast broadband network access for decades now. Fiber to the desk, fiber to the home. Where is it? Most consumers use something that's only a little more sophisticated than POTS (aka wet string). People should stop deluding themselves that Download is going to come in and replace optical media anytime soon.
Monday 31st December 2007 15:00 GMT michael
they BOTH will LOSE
seroiusley there are equal numbers of "blu-ray has won hd-dvd is dead" and "hd-dvd has won sony is a tosser" postes here it is clear for a tally of numbers that is is a neck and neck race but the real point is
who the b0lddy hell cares!!
I speek for at least me when I say
all I want is a HD format for my (not yet got) HD telly but if I pick one I am taking a gamble it will lose and I will need to spend more mony on a replacment in x years (not only player but disks et all) so I am not buying till one has won. till then SD is fine and get all my hd content form the good old BTorrent
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Steven Kasher Gallery presents a major exhibition of artist Wendy Ewald's collaborative photographic projects. The exhibition features over 70 black and white vintage prints from seven of Ewald's earliest projects. It begins with her first extended collaboration in Kentucky in 1975 and includes projects from Mexico (1991), India (1989-1991), the Netherlands (1996), Colombia (1982-1985), South Africa (1992) and Morocco (1995). For over 40 years, Ewald has traveled the globe as part of a sustained and evolving artistic and educational project. In each new location, Ewald begins by addressing the conceptual, formal, and narrative aspects of photography with her students, as well as making portraits of them. She teaches them to use the camera, many for the first time. Leaving the subject matter open, the children are free to explore societal issues that are relevant to their communities, including race, class, and gender. The results are poetic and vibrant portraits that reveal intimate connections between her students and their worlds.
In 1975, Ewald moved to rural Letcher County, Kentucky and began working with children between the ages of six and fourteen. She spent six years there, establishing the roots of her practice. Rather than simply documenting the children's lives, Ewald removed herself as the exclusive author and instead provided the children with the tools and skills to document their own lives. In doing so, Ewald challenged fundamental distinctions between conceptual art and documentary photography, between photographer and subject, and between teacher and student. This work paved the way for her continuing collaborative explorations.
These photographs are many things, but one thing they are not is the singular vision of Wendy Ewald. What Ewald produces with her students is a different kind of story about children, an illustrated tale that adults would never imagine. Their photographs are as haunting and heartbreaking as anything by Diane Arbus, Nan Goldin, Eugene Meatyard or other photographers documenting the rough poetry of everyday life. They are at times outlandish, lyrical, even disturbing as in "What I don't like about where I live -- a black man," a 1992 image taken by a white South African girl named Nicoline Cuyler.
The documentary aspect of Ewald's work can be compared to photographic masters such as Walker Evans and Robert Frank, while the conceptual aspects parallel artists such as Vito Acconci and Douglas Huebler. Ewald's work radically alters conventional definitions of individual authorship. Her practice models new forms of artistic intentions, identities and power relations. Over several decades, through her numerous museum exhibitions and her books, Ewald's practice has inspired several generations of collaborative artists, including Hank Willis Thomas, Jim Goldberg, LaToya Ruby Frazier and Susan Meiselas.
Wendy Ewald: Works, Projects, Collaborations 1975 - 1996 will be on view April 19th-June 2nd, 2018 at Steven Kasher Gallery, located at 515 W. 26th St., New York, NY 10001. Gallery hours are Tuesday through Saturday, 10 AM to 6 PM. For more information about the exhibition and all other general inquiries, please contact Cassandra Johnson, 212 966 3978, cassandra@stevenkasher.com.
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Wendy Ewald's current solo exhibition at SKG is featured by L'Oeil de la Photographie. The show features over 70 black and white images from 7 projects spanning 21 years and is open through June 2.
L'Oeil de la Photographie features SKG's upcoming exhibitions Wendy Ewald: Works, Project, Collaborations 1975-1996 and Refraction: New Photography of Africa and Its Diaspora. Join us on April 19 from 6-8pm for their opening receptions. Both exhibits will be open through June 2.
SKG artist Wendy Ewald in conversation with Esther Allen on her latest series and her collaborations with children.
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text:
The Roman empire and the British empire in India. The extension of Roman and ...
Po avtorjih James Bryce Bryce (Viscount)
right of protecting and defending the independence and inviolability of Church and State, according to the laws.'
On the other hand, it is argued that the constitution must be deemed to be a Flexible one, because it did not in its original form, and does not now, contain any provision whereby it may be altered, otherwise than by the regular legislature of the country acting according to its ordinary legislative methods. One cannot suppose that no change was intended ever to be made in the Grondwet. That supposition would be absurd in view of the very minute provisions on some trivial subjects which it contains. No distinction is drawn, by the terms of the instrument, between these minutiae and the provisions of a more general and apparently permanent nature. Ergo, all must be alterable, and alterable by the only legislative authority, that is to say, the Volksraad. This view, moreover, is the view which the legislature has in fact taken, and in which the people have certainly acquiesced. Some changes have been made-such as the admission to the electoral franchise of persons not belonging to the Dutch Reformed Church, the creation of a new supreme court, and the establishment of a Second Volksraad-which are not consistent with the Grondwet, but whose validity has not been contested.
The difficulty which arises from the fact that, whereas the framers of the Grondwet appear to have desired to make parts of their work fundamental and unchangeable, they have nevertheless drawn no distinction between those parts and the rest, and have provided no specific security against the heedless change of the weightiest parts, may be explained by noting that they
were not skilled jurists or politicians, alive to the delicacy of the task they had undertaken. They expected that the Volksraad would continue to be of the same mind as they were then, and would respect what they considered fundamental; they relied on the general opinion of the nation. They had, moreover, provided a method whereby the nation should always have an opportunity of expressing its opinion upon legislation, namely, the provision (§ 12) that the people should have a period of three months within which to 'intimate to the Volksraad their views on any proposed law,' it being assumed that the Volksraad would obey any such intimation, although no means is provided for securing that it will do so.
This provision has given rise to a curious question. It excepts 'those laws which admit of no delay.' Now the Volksraad has in fact neglected the general provision, and, instead of allowing the three months' period, has frequently hastily passed enactments upon which the people have had no opportunity of expressing their opinion. Such enactments, which have in some instances purported to alter parts of the Grondwet itself, are called 'resolutions' (besluite) as opposed to laws; and when objection has been taken to this mode of legislation, these resolutions seem to have been usually justified on the ground of urgency, although in fact many of them, if important, could hardly be called urgent. They have been treated as equally binding with laws passed in accordance with the provisions of the Grondwet (for up to 1895 article 12 seems not to have been formally altered); and it is only recently that their validity has been seriously questioned in the courts..
Those who support their validity argue that in passing such resolutions as laws, the Volksraad must be taken to have implicitly, but decisively, repealed the provision of article 12; or that, if this be not so, still the Volksraad is under article 12 the sole judge of urgency, and can legally treat things as urgent which are, in fact, not so; a view affirmed by the Chief Justice in a case (State v. Hess) which arose in 1895. They add that even apart from both these arguments the unbroken usage of the Volksraad during a number of years, tacitly approved by the people, must be deemed to have established the true construction of the Constitution, especially as according to Roman-Dutch law, usage, whether affirmative or negative, can alter written enactments and could thus annul the directions of article 12. So it is written in the Digest of Justinian (I. 3. 32): 'Inveterata consuetudo pro lege custoditur nam quid interest suffragio populus voluntatem suam declaret an rebus ipsis et factis? Quare rectissime etiam illud receptum est ut leges non solum suffragio legis latoris, sed etiam tacito consensu omnium per desuetudinem abrogentur.' To this, however, it is answered that the principle of obsolescence by contrary practice cannot fitly be applied where a statute is recent and express.
Until 1897, the High Court of the Transvaal had held that the resolutions as well as the laws passed by the Volksraad were fully valid, whether or no they had been submitted to the people for the period of three months, nor had the question of their being really urgent been raised. It had thus declared the Grondwet to be alterable by the Legislature, and so not a Rigid
Constitution. In that year, however, in the case of Brown v. Leyds, the Court held, by a majority, that a law which had been passed without having been submitted to the people during the period prescribed by the Grondwet was unconstitutional and therefore void, thus appearing to assert (for the language of the judgement is not very clear) the view that the Grondwet was a Rigid Constitution, not alterable by the Legislature. This action was warmly resented by the Executive and Legislature: and the latter passed a resolution directing the President to require from every judge on pain of dismissal a declaration that he would in future recognize as valid every law passed by the Volksraad, and not again assert the so-called 'testing power' of inquiring whether a law conformed to the provisions of the Grondwet. The Chief Justice refused to make this declaration, and was accordingly dismissed, much to the regret of those who remembered his past services to the State.
On a review of the whole matter, apart from the political passion which has been brought into it, the true view would appear to be the following, though I state it with the diffidence becoming a stranger who is also imperfectly informed as to the constitutional history of the republic.
The Grondwet of the South African Republic, though possibly intended by its framers to be treated, in respect of its most important provisions, as a fundamental law not to be altered by the Volksraad in the exercise of its ordinary powers, is not really a Rigid constitution but a Flexible one. We have to look not so much at what the framers may have wished as at what the language employed actually conveys and im
ports; and the absence of any provision, such as that contained in the Constitution of the Orange Free State, for a special and peculiar method of change, is decisive upon this point. An American lawyer, accustomed to construe strictly documents which contain or modify powers, might be inclined to argue that the validity of laws (not dealing with matters which 'admit of no delay') which had been passed as mere resolutions, ignoring article 12, may have been doubtful until the Volksraad modified that article by legislation. But the Transvaal High Court had held that the question of urgency was a question for the discretion of the Volksraad; and it must be added that persons accustomed to other legal systems do not necessarily proceed upon American principles. The Swiss, for instance, make their legislature the interpreter of the Constitution for the purpose of determining the extent of legislative power1. Allowing for this, and remembering that both the law courts and the whole people had until 1897 treated the Volksraad as an absolutely sovereign body, the action it took in asserting its sovereignty need excite no surprise. It was claiming nothing more than the powers actually enjoyed by the British Parliament. However, although the Volksraad was merely enforcing the rights which it reasonably (and I think correctly) conceived itself to possess, and could not have permitted the majority of the High Court to assert a power previously unknown, a wiser course would have been to amend the Constitution in some way which would have given to the judiciary a more assured position than that which had been secured to them by a confessedly crude and imperfect 1 See Essay III, p. 231.


text:
'That '70s Show's Timeline Makes No Sense (Even By Stoner Standards)
Timeline inconsistencies in TV shows are a lot like having the runs after you drink your morning coffee. You didn't start drinking coffee to take looser dumps, but at this point, you realize it's an expected byproduct of your caffeine high. Sure, sometimes it can get a little messy, but you learn to accept it and maybe even enjoy it. But going by this metaphor, That '70s Show's timeline inconsistencies are like a firehose of diarrhea erupting out of your ass and ping-ponging off of the ceiling. It's your anus opening a portal into another dimension, and that dimension only contains miles and miles of gushing liquid shit. It's uh ... a really messy timeline is what we're saying.
The timeline starts in May 1976 and lasts until December 31st, 1979. Now, the series itself lasts for 8 seasons, which so far isn't necessarily an issue. Plenty of shows use multiple seasons to explore an abbreviated time period, and while yeah, by series end Ashton Kutcher was pushing 30 and still playing a teenager, we've seen worse before. The problem here is that there were somehow five Christmas episodes in this four-year span.
Did these kids smoke so much weed that they hallucinated an entire Christmas? Or do the Foreman's just have so much jolly, good-natured cheer that they're doing Christmas in July?
It's probably not the second one, but the timeline problems get even worse from here. Eric turns 18 in the second episode of the series and then turns 18 again five seasons later. Now, Eric's birthday in season 1 is left a little ambiguous, and some have argued he is actually turning 17, but that still doesn't explain how he's only aged two years (in the series finale, he is revealed to be 19) in a four-year span. Perhaps Red shoved his foot so far up Eric's ass that he lost a year of his life, or again, maybe it's the weed thing. "Woah, dude, have I been 18 for three straight years?" "I don't know, man; time is a construct. Also, Donna, didn't you have two sisters?"
As we said, timeline inconsistencies are an expected byproduct of almost every tv show, especially sitcoms, and it makes sense as to why. If you're a TV writer and it's your job to cram 300 punchlines into a twenty-two-minute script, then you might overlook minor details because you are scrambling to finish under a deadline, and you need to think of five more "bazingas" before the coke wears off. We get it. But also, the last Christmas episode, "Winter," took place canonically in December 1979, and the season 8 finale also took place in December of 1979. So good luck trying to explain how an entire season of television occurs in a 5-day time span, and if you can, we'd like a hit of whatever you're smoking.
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Reminder: The 'Terminator' Movies Make Absolutely No Sense


In case you missed them, our current volunteer and MIT urban planning student Stephen Kennedy made several great blog posts about his experiences in Indonesia on CoLab Radio.
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text:
Q: Convert an R container name to character How to convert a container name to a character since I got a error using the following code:
tenv = new.env()
evalq({    }, tenv)

y = function(myEnv) {
  print(as.character(myEnv))
}

y(tenv)

Error in as.character(myEnv) :
cannot coerce type 'environment' to vector of type 'character'

A: If you just want to grab the name of the object passed to the myEnv argument, then one common idiom is deparse(substitute( )). The function can be written as:
y <- function(myEnv) {
  deparse(substitute(myEnv))
}

which in use gives
> tenv = new.env()
> evalq({    }, tenv)
> y(tenv)
[1] "tenv"

[Note I don't explicitly print the result of deparse(substitute( )), I just return it and leave the printing up to the R environment]
Another way to do this is to grab the matched function call with match.call() and then extract from the resulting language object the bit you want. For example:
yy <- function(myEnv) {
  .call <- match.call()
  .call[[2]]
}

which in use gives
> yy(tenv)
tenv
> yy(myEnv = tenv)
tenv

A: You cannot convert a "container" (environment) to a character string because an environment does not posses such a property. If you want the name of the variable where the environment is stored and was passed as argument to function y, then use the solution proposed by @Gavin above.
OTOH, if you want to dump the environment contents, then use this:
y = function(myEnv) {
  print(as.list(myEnv))
}

BTW, I must point out that I don't understand why do you run evalq({    }, tenv). It doesn't change the environment. Try the following (after running your commands):
> uenv <- new.env()
> identical(as.list(uenv),as.list(tenv))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
1matches
Bookmark:https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb249-os/22/5
GB 249 OS/22/5
University of Strathclyde | External Affairs and Development University of Strathclyde | Research and Knowledge Exchange Services University of Glasgow
3 booklets
Magazine published by the universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde showcasing collaborative work in research, teaching and support services between the two universities.
External Affairs and Development was created in 1994. It replaced the Public Relations Service and the Development Office. In 2004, it was replaced by the Office of Marketing and Communications.
Archivist's Note
Created by Victoria Peters, November 2012.
SynergyOS/22/5
Synergy: a partnership for world-class researchOS/22/5/1
Synergy for the Scottish Parliament: policy research from the universities of Glasgow and StrathclydeOS/22/5/2
Synergy: a partnership for world-class research and teachingOS/22/5/3


text:
Illinois could see boost from Cuba trade
Home/Articles, Business News, News, Secondary Feature/Illinois could see boost from Cuba trade
Mark Albertson (center), director of strategic market development for the Illinois Soybean Association, speaks with meat retailers who sell for livestock farmers in a cooperative. Photo courtesy of Illinois Soybean Association.
By Monica Stabile
The Illinois agriculture industry is crossing its fingers that Congress will expand U.S. trade with Cuba. A bill to do just that is pending in the legislature, and Illinois could receive a huge boost in business opportunities if the bill becomes law.
Nestor Gutierrez, a Cuban immigrant and owner of Buena Vista Farms in Jacksonville, thinks that improved trade relations with Cuba would create opportunities for the Caribbean island whose land has been decimated by five major hurricanes and three tropical storms since 2008, causing serious crop failure and a reliance on food imports. But Gutierrez has reservations about ending the U.S. embargo to increase trade because of Cuba's inability to consistently pay for imports from other countries.
"There is opportunity, but in the long-term, they can't pay for it," Gutierrez said.
Since having fled the communist country during the Castro regime, Gutierrez has visited the island five times and occasionally sends money to family members still living in Cuba. At times, there is a shortage of food on the island that makes it difficult for residents to plan meals.
"I send 20 dollars to family members in Cuba and they spend it in the black market for whatever they need," Gutierrez said. "Sometimes there are no potatoes."
Illinois is able to engage in limited trade with Cuba under the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act (TSRA), a federal program enacted in 2000 that allows trade of certain U.S. agricultural and medical products.
Illinois is the largest producer of soybeans in the U.S., and an estimated 20 percent of corn and soy sent to Cuba comes from Illinois farms, according to the Illinois Farm Bureau and the Illinois Soybean Association.
Doug Schroeder of the Illinois Soybean Growers asks Omar Barroso with the help of a translator about Cuban farming practices. Barroso is a farmer and the president of the Cooperative of Production Agriculture (CPA) called Niceto Pérez. Photo courtesy of Illinois Soybean Association.
Cuba imports about 80 percent of its food, regularly purchasing U.S. chicken, soy and corn. But the embargo prevents the U.S. from buying Cuban goods, causing Illinois businesses to pay double when hiring cargo ships.
"Even though we have a close proximity to Cuba, our logistical advantage is diminished because the embargo does not allow us to bring backhauls from Cuba,"said Mark Albertson, director of strategic market development at the Illinois Soybean Growers. "When the ships come back empty, it is like we are paying for freight twice."
Congress is considering legislation which would remove financial restrictions for agricultural products bound for Cuba. It would allow private U.S. agriculture businesses to offer credit to independent Cuban farmers instead of requiring the Cuban government to pay in cash before receiving a shipment. The embargo is often blamed for the U.S. being uncompetitive, in comparison with other countries which don't require Cuba to pay in cash.
"Illinois farmers are seeking a level playing field to be able to compete in global markets," Albertson said.
U.S. corn and soy exports to Cuba peaked in 2008 at $331 million, roughly $66 million of which is estimated to have come from Illinois, according to the Illinois Soybean Growers. Since then, U.S. corn and soy exports dropped to approximately $120 million in 2014, with Illinois' share being roughly $24 million.
Parr Rosson, an economist at Texas A&M University, told the U.S. Senate in 2015 that U.S. agricultural exports to Cuba could exceed $1 billion annually if trade regulations are loosened.
In 1999, former Gov. George Ryan led the first delegation to Cuba since the 1959 Revolution to help end the embargo and to encourage agricultural trade relations between Cuba and Illinois.
In 2013, the Illinois General Assembly called for an end to the embargo and created the Illinois Cuba Working Group (ICWG), an advocacy group whose mission is to strengthen trade relations with Cuba. Paul Johnson, executive director of ICWG, said Illinois farmers have been pushing for more trade with Cuba for 20 years.
"They want to have a new relationship with Cuba," he said.
Monica Stabile is an editorial intern at the Springfield Business Journal. She is pursuing her master's degree in Public Affairs Reporting at the University of Illinois Springfield.
By sbjadmin|February 3rd, 2017|Categories: Articles, Business News, News, Secondary Feature|0 Comments


Published: 09 Jan 2009:ebookers has completed the process of migrating and testing all 13 of its country sites across Europe to Orbitz Worldwide's new technology platform.
Published: 09 Jan 2009:ebookers has completed the process of migrating and testing all 13 of its country sites across Europe to Orbitz Worldwide´s new technology platform.
According to Orbitz, the new technology platform powering ebookers will provide customers with access to three times the amount of hotel inventory, while creating an improved site experience for consumers looking to book either hotel-only stays or flight + hotel packages.
Some of the new features of the re-launched sites include: authentic customer hotel reviews (customers must have stayed in a hotel in order to post a review), a more robust, dynamic package holiday purchase path allows customers to create their own holiday by mixing and matching any combination of flight, hotel and car, automated back-end processes and transatlantic multi-city flight search capability enabling customers to book more complex flight itineraries.
ebookers operates online travel sites in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Austria, Germany, France, Spain, Norway, Finland and Switzerland. In Denmark (http://www.mrjet.dk) and Sweden (http://www.mrjet.se), ebookers operates under the name Mr. Jet.


By Keith Cowing on January 6, 2005 6:26 PM.
"Representative Sherwood Boehlert (R-New Hartford) today was officially reelected Chairman of the House Science Committee for the 109th Congress by the Republican Conference of the U.S. House of Representatives. Boehlert was first elected chairman of the committee in 2001."
\"Representative Sherwood Boehlert (R-New Hartford) today was officially reelected Chairman of the House Science Committee for the 109th Congress by the Republican Conference of the U.S. House of Representatives. Boehlert was first elected chairman of the committee in 2001.\"
This page contains a single entry by Keith Cowing published on January 6, 2005 6:26 PM.
OSTP Releases Revised National Space Transportation Policy was the previous entry in this blog.
Official Isakowitz Announcement is the next entry in this blog.


text:
Posted on 28 December 2016 | 83,197 views | 54 comments
Amir Hussain
The Straits Times
An aggressive crowd of up to 100 people in a Geylang back lane forced a plainclothes policeman on an anti-vice raid to draw his revolver for his safety, a court heard.
The sergeant pointed the revolver's laser at the crowd, but a 48-year-old man, who was undeterred, challenged the officer to shoot him instead.
On Tuesday (Dec 27), a 22-year-old man who was part of the unruly crowd, Ng Bing Hui, was jailed for 10 weeks after he pleaded guilty to being part of an unlawful assembly.
A district court heard that at about 9.45pm on July 24, 2015, five plainclothes officers from Geylang Neighbourhood Police Centre, who were on anti-vice duties, saw an 18-year-old promoting a game of "si gor luck" at a makeshift gaming table in the back lane between Lorong 14 and Lorong 16 Geylang.
Suspecting that the teenager, Harold Ho Kuo Lung, was promoting illegal gambling, they had to use force to handcuff him, as he resisted arrest and tried to flee.
While the officers were doing so, a crowd of about 80 to 100 people gathered. They became agitated, and shouted at the policemen to release the teenager.
The crowd then moved towards the officers, ignoring their repeated instructions to move back.
Five people - Ng, Ho Hock Hui, 48, Kee Hong Yong, 30, and at least two other unknown people in the crowd - also shouted vulgarities and gesticulated aggressively towards the policemen.
In order to maintain a safe distance from the crowd, the officers moved Harold Ho and stood behind the makeshift gaming table.
But the crowd surrounded them and continued behaving in a threatening manner.
Ng moved towards the front of the crowd. He shouted vulgarities while pointing his finger at the policemen and violently gestured at them.
While he was making his gestures, his hand came into contact with the gambling table, resulting in it flipping over.
Kee took up the metal table stand and waved it at the policemen in a threatening manner.
The officers continued retreating until they were backed up against a wall. But the crowd still continued moving towards them, even though several uniformed policemen had arrived and were trying to disperse the crowd.
Fearing for their safety, the sergeant drew his revolver and pointed it at the crowd. His finger was not on the trigger.
This prompted the people to step back, but Ho Hock Hui stepped forward and walked towards the sergeant. He shouted vulgarities and challenged the policeman to shoot him. The officer then put his revolver back in its holster.
Shortly after, more policemen arrived and dispersed the crowd. The incident was partially captured on closed-circuit television cameras. Ng, Kee and Ho Hock Hui were arrested in the area on the same night.
Four out of five of the plainclothes officers on the anti-vice raid had injuries from the confrontation with the crowd.
The sergeant who drew his revolver had upper back aches and minor scratches over his left waist. He was given one day of medical leave.
Another sergeant, 25, had a large bruise over his left upper back and was given two days of medical leave.
A reservist inspector, 26, had minor injuries to his head and arm and was given one day of medical leave. A corporal, also 26, had a minor knee injury and was also given one day of medical leave.
Deputy Public Prosecutors Dwayne Lum and Stephanie Koh asked for three to four months' jail for Ng. "In the present case, the net effect of the entire unruly mob served to intimidate and threaten the lives and safety of the police officers carrying out their duties that night. The officers were crowded, pushed back, cornered and even injured in the course of being surrounded by the crowd that night."
The individual actions of Ng, Kee and Ho Hock Hui served only to further incite and encourage other acts of aggression towards the officer by the rest of the crowd, the prosecutors said.
They added: "Whilst there is no evidence that Ng, Kee or Ho Hock Hui had hurt the officers themselves, it bears noting that three officers did indeed sustain injuries... Their overt aggression towards the officers had the effect of inciting the crowd to then cause hurt to these officers and to deter them from carrying out their duties. The net effect of their actions led to the crowd causing hurt to the officers."
Ng's pro-bono lawyer Cheryl Ng asked for one month in jail for Ng, who works as a deliveryman and was exempted from National Service due to having a low IQ.
He had seen his friend Harold Ho being pinned down and handcuffed lying face down on the ground, she said.
Added the lawyer: "Ng then perceived that Harold Ho was being treated roughly while he was being arrested... He then asked a policeman a question and was told by the policeman that it was none of his business. He then became agitated and (admitted to) shouting at the policeman. He was also gesticulating with his arms. While doing so, his arm hit the edge of the gaming table which flipped."
Get a copy of The Straits Times or go to straitstimes.com for more stories.
Caught on CCTV: Eateries broken into in VivoCity by pair who "looked like a young couple"
Lovebirds in Malaysia were supposed to tie the knot, but are being put behind bars instead


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The Dream Center Mobile is a faith-based, outreach ministry, where the focus is on children living in high-risk environments. It is located in Mobile, Alabama in the center of poverty, violence, and hopelessness. Children having a first hand knowledge of a life filled with drugs, gangs, guns, prostitution and abuse, causes a ripple effect in the families in this area. Today, many homeless, imprisoned, and dysfunctional people in society were exposed to this knowledge at an early age.


These are expansion maps for the base game Power Grid and not a stand alone game. You will need to check out a copy Power Grid to use with these maps.
Earning money with electric power? Earning lots of money with electric power? A very good idea!!! Should I use coal or oil to generate power in the old-fashioned way or will their be a shortage of those resources in the future? Will there be a future in burning garbage? Certainly nuclear power is very exciting and as long as the government will manage the waste there will be a lot of profit.
Of course, you can use more ecological friendly power and be independent of resources. But will such power plants be powerful enough for the customers in the future? Naturally, you must watch your competitors to see what plants they build, which cities they have in their net, what resources they depend on, and what new plants they find interesting.


text:
Sage Steele Bio, Wiki, Married, Net Worth, Affair, Husband, and Divorce
Date of Birth/Birthday: Tuesday, November 28, 1972
Sage Steele is an American television anchor famous for working on ESPN and ABC. She was born on 28th November 1972 in Panama, United States. Her zodiac sign is Scorpio. Her father name is Gary Steele and mother name is Mona Steele. She has two brothers named Courtney and Chad, Known as the media relations director for the Baltimore Ravens football team. Her family was of African-American and Irish/Italian decent having army as a professional background. Sage's nationality is American and belongs to African-American ethnicity. As per wiki, she attended Thomas B. Doherty high school for two years. And then she joined Carmel High School as a senior, located in Carmel, Indiana as a senior in 1990.In 1995 She completed her graduation from Indiana University Bloomington in 1995 with the bachelor of science degree in sports communications. Sage Steele earned the name as a reporter in WSBT-TV at the CBS affiliate in South Bend which is her first job to start her career.
Career, Salary, and Net Worth: What is Sage Steele salary per year?
Sage profession is the television anchor. 20 years after her graduation, she was the commencement speaker at the 2015 Indiana University undergraduate commencement. She considers this as the greatest honor of her career. She started her first television sports reporting job as a news producer and reporter at WSBT-TV, the CBS affiliate in South Bend, Indiana, from 1995 to 1997. In 2013/14 NBA season, she became the host of NBA Countdown on ESPN and ABC. Wikipedia says that she was replaced by Michelle Beadle on 4th of April 2017.She also co-hosted Miss America 2017 pageant. Then eventually she worked at many channels like CBS, ABC, Fox Sports Florida, Comcast Sports Net Mid-Atlantic, ESPN and many more.
Sage has earned both name and fame in the world of television. Sage Steele enjoys a good amount of salary of $400 thousand and a net worth of $1.5 million. Her source of salary is different television shows, events, and program. She has been the lead host of the sports center. Sage Steele is accumulating high net worth with her continuity and hard work with full dedication.
Personal Life: Who is Sage Steele husband?
Sage likes to keep her professional and personal life separate. Sage Steele marital status is married. Sage Steele married her boyfriend Jonathon Bailey after having the love affair for a long time. The couple is blessed with three children who include two beautiful daughters and one adorable son. It seems that sage Steele is having a healthy marital life with her husband and no any external affair related to her are heard. She seems to be the loyal wife and loving mother. Sage Steele is spending quality personal time with her husband who is a former personal trainer and there is no possibility of divorce in the future. Any rumors about Sage Steele divorce with her spouse are not out yet in the media.
Height and weight: What is Sage Steele height?
Sage Steele appears very hot and attractive on the television screen. She has good fashion sense and loves to wear the tight dress. She has the well-shaped body that measures 32-24-32 inches. Sage Steele is tall with height 5feet 10 inches. She loves to wear short skirts and looks hot on the television screen. Sage seems to have bushy thick hair but hair color is not identified yet. Sage Steele height and weight are also not disclosed in any of her biographies. Sage is of 44 years but manages to look more beautiful and young.
Wiki and Facts
Sage is the confident and famous sports anchor. She achieved Anita Aldrich Distinguished Alumni Award in 2011 from Indiana University. She had organized several charity events for the contribution towards the betterment of the society. Like other celebrities, she has her own social media profile followed by millions of fan. More detailed information about the biography of Sage Steele can be found on different sites like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter and so on.
URL : http://www.networthwikibio.com/sage-steele-bio-wiki-married-net-worth-affair-husband-and-divorce.html
Ellen DeGeneres Bio, Age, Married, Husband, Daughter, Partner, Salary and Net Worth
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This course will cover both theoretical and practical elements of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). The training covers the skills and knowledge required for those who are required to provide CPR as initial first aid response. the Training will be conducted over a period of 3 hours including both Theory and Practical components.
Assessment of knowledge will be conducted by use of a workbook and verbal questioning. Participants will also be required to demonstrate competence through a range of practical activities.


text:
Q: Parse JSON array from curl response in Tizen Native So I'm new to Tizen Native Development and needing help in parsing JSON array from the response curl. I was able to post data using curl and retrieve the response using this snippet:
static size_t WriteMemoryCallback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp){
size_t realsize = size * nmemb;
struct MemoryStruct *mem = (struct MemoryStruct *)userp;

mem->memory = realloc(mem->memory, mem->size + realsize + 1);
if(mem->memory == NULL) {
  /* out of memory! */
  dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "not enough memory (realloc returned NULL)\n");
  return 0;
  }

  memcpy(&(mem->memory[mem->size]), contents, realsize);
  mem->size += realsize;
  mem->memory[mem->size] = 0;
  dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, contents);

  return realsize;
}

the dlog will print:
["423866","423865","423864","423862","423861","423856","423855","423851","423846","423844"]

However, I can't figure out how to parse the contents. I've read many topics on using Json-glib, but can't quite understand how to use it. Can anyone help?
Update:
This is how I post data using curl.
/* get a curl handle */
curl = curl_easy_init();

if(curl) {
    dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "curl init");
    dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "curl url: %s", url);
  /* Set CURL parameters */
    /* First set the URL that is about to receive our POST. This URL can
    just as well be a https:// URL if that is what should receive the
    data. */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);

    /* send all data to this function  */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, WriteMemoryCallback);

    /* Now specify the POST data */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, "w=4");

    /* we pass our 'chunk' struct to the callback function */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, (void *)&chunk);

    /* some servers don't like requests that are made without a user-agent
     field, so we provide one */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, "libcurl-agent/1.0");

    /* Perform the request, res will get the return code */
    res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
    /* Check for errors */
    if(res != CURLE_OK)
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "curl_easy_perform() Failed: %s\n",curl_easy_strerror(res));
    else{
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "curl_easy_perform() Success");
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "curl_code: %d", res);
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "%d bytes retrieved\n", (long)chunk.size);
    }

    /* always cleanup */
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
    }
else{
    dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "curl failed");
    }

Now I was able to convert contents to char:
char* test;
test = (char*) contents;
dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, TAG, "test value: %s", test);

However, I think it became as a string. What I want is to convert it to array and be able to get the values per index.

A: You need JSON-GLIB.
Add
#include <json-glib.h>

Next step is to create a parser instance as following:
JsonParser *jsonParser  =  NULL;
GError *error  =  NULL;
jsonParser = json_parser_new ();

ParseJsonEntity() in the sample code is the main loop to execute JSON parsing. As JSON has data as three type like Object, Array, Value, the main loop intenally detect it and parse its content.
If the current node is 'object' or 'array' type, it continue to parse JSON tree by ParseJsonEntity() recursively. but in case of 'value' type, it extract values by ExtractValue().
Follow this tutorial for more details. Sample app is also given there.

A: You can use this two libs:

*

*restclient-cpp: https://github.com/mrtazz/restclient-cpp  -

*rapidjson: http://rapidjson.org/md_doc_tutorial.html
The first one is a wrapper for curl. It gives you the GET, POST, etc, methods in a simple way.
The second one simplifies the json parsing.
These are C++ libs so you can write your methods to access the api in a .cpp file and export them to C with the extern keyword


Just if you haven't thought of it before, an idea for busy parents and an easy and simple winter activity for kids: a snow-melting experiment for toddlers.
There is not much to explain: all you need to do is grab a bin, head out and return into the house with a full load of snow in the bin. The kids will have a great time! If you want to spare yourself from cleaning afterwards, you might want to use an old bed sheet under the bin to catch drops of melted snow.
add a cup of water and let the kids explore mixing snow and water. We did that in separate cups.
A scoop of snow in one cup remained untouched though: we placed a cup on the kitchen table and left it there, just to return there (often!) and check (and double-check) what happens to the snow.
You might want to experiment with several cups of snow (but the cups need to be of the same size and material), placing them to various temperature areas in your home: place one into the fridge, the other one on (or close to) a radiator, one on the kitchen table, etc. Then you can make a round each hour with your toddler, checking each of them. Afterwards, you can discuss which one and why melted faster, underlying the relation between the level of warmth and the melting time...you get the picture. It might be very interesting for your kids.
Have you ever brought snow indoors? How was it accepted? Were your kids happy, engaged? Join the conversation, tell me what activities you usually do with snow sensory bins. I'm gathering new ideas!
This is a really fun science and sensory idea!


Beatrice's Reversible Pet Bed is a cozy addition to your dog's crate. This reversible pet bed features a brown and tan bone print pattern fleece on one side with ivory sherpa on the other. No matter which side your pet chooses, this plush mat will keep them comfortable. It measures 35 in. by 23 in. with 2 in. thickness making it ideal for medium to large dog breeds. To ensure the best fit please measure your pet's length while resting. Whether it's used as a crate pad, bed liner, or just an everyday pet bed, your furry friend will snuggle right up. Best used in 36" crates. For easy care, this pet bed is machine washable.