text:
Volvo Stages C30 North American Debut
The C30's primary competitors are the Mini Cooper, Audi A3 and Volkswagen GTI , a company official says.
Christie Schweinsberg | Nov 30, 2006
LOS ANGELES – Volvo Cars of North America LLC stages the North American debut of its C30 small car at the auto show here.
Riding on Ford Motor Co.'s C1 global architecture, the same platform underpinning the S40, many of the design cues of the turbocharged C30 remain true to the concept unveiled last January at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit.
For instance, there are seven different floating center stack looks available, says Steve Mattin, Volvo Car Corp. design director, including the aluminum treatment found in the concept car.
The front-wheel-drive C30 is powered by a turbocharged 5-cyl. engine that makes 218 hp and 236 lb.-ft. (320 Nm) of torque. A 0-60 mph (97 km/h) acceleration time of 6.2 seconds is expected.
It has the same 103.9-in. (264-cm) wheelbase as the S40 but is 8.5 ins. (22 cm) shorter, with the wheels pushed out to the corners and accentuated by large shoulders.
"This is the smallest Volvo car but with the most muscular shoulders," Mattin says.
The C30 is Volvo's latest attempt to attract a younger consumer, VCNA President and CEO Anne Belec says. She says Volvo's average North American buyer is 42 years old, and the S40 currently has the youngest demographic in Volvo's North American lineup.
"We are definitely aiming for a youthful-minded type of customer," she tells reporters. "Some of them are going to be driving this vehicle for their first vehicle and some of them are going to be adding to the stable."
Belec says the marketing campaign for the C30 primarily will be Web-based, and many accessories, both factory-made (snowboard and bike racks) and supplier-produced (appearance add-ons) will be available.
She sees the C30's primary competitors as the Mini Cooper, Audi A3 and Volkswagen GTI and promises it will be priced competitively with those models.
Annual U.S. C30 sales are targeted at 10,000 units. "But I think the car has potential, and it could surprise us by doing even better than that," Belec says.
The launch of the C30 at the end of next summer will mean Volvo won't have a full year of sales in 2007.
This has been a recurring issue for the auto maker, as the shortened availability of the new C70, launched in the U.S. in the spring, has limited total Volvo sales this year, down 7.9% to 98,053 units through October.
"We haven't been operating with a full portfolio all year long," Belec says. "Our main reason comes from not having all the cars we typically have to sell."
She says a softening in the luxury segment really hasn't been an issue for Volvo. Although sales of utility vehicles have suffered in general this year, Belec says the XC90 has "out-performed the SUV segment."
However, Ward's data shows XC90 sales down 7.8% through October to 27,059.
TAGS: Vehicles
'07 Volvo C30 Hatchback to Debut in Paris
Volvo Embraces Ford's Global Product Development System


Dexter's technique for shocking his guns to grow.
DEXTER JACKSON: "I found that training arms [bi's and tri's] on their own, in one workout, worked best for me and allowed for maximum growth. Training arms on their own — not with a larger bodypart like chest, back or shoulders — allows you to focus all your attention on them and lift the heaviest weights possible.
Training Tip #1: Keeping your body as upright as possible on dips will emphasize the triceps over the pecs.
Training Tip #2: When doing a giant set, don't rest between exercises. Wait until you complete all four movements, then rest 1–2 minutes before repeating.


text:
Havsgamar – szwedzki niemy film dramatyczny z 1916 roku w reżyserii Victora Sjöströma.

Obsada
 Greta Almroth – Gabriele
 John Ekman – Birger
 Nils Elffors – Anton
 Richard Lund – Arnold
 Rasmus Rasmussen – Hornung
 Jenny Tschernichin-Larsson – Pani Arnold

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Filmy w reżyserii Victora Sjöströma
Szwedzkie filmy z 1916 roku
Szwedzkie filmy czarno-białe
Szwedzkie dramaty filmowe
Szwedzkie filmy krótkometrażowe
Szwedzkie filmy nieme

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I also disabled TLS 1.0 and 1.1 now for apache. Next to that I changed the cipher Suite because I kept getting a lot of red entries with SSLlabs, while newer Cpanel installations by default do not.
So now I'm using the same cipher suite as cpanel does, not a single user complaining, enough older browsers (including IE11 for W7) supported and everything is black and green, no red anymore.
For mail it's way more difficult to disable it already now. Indeed older outlook versions like 2007 need an update to be able to work with SSL, otherwise people have to make registry entries which is not advisable to do for the average users. But I know a lot of users still using older e-mail clients like Outlook versions older then 2007, some with MAC issues and several also using Windows Live Mail. Which is also declared EOL and not supported anymore by MS, but still a lot of users still use it.
I didn't know about WinHTTP though that this would effect Windows 7.
Vista is EOL and End of support anyway like XP. But about the secure mail, just to be sure. Isn't it the client what defines that? Like Thunderbird is supporting tls 1.2 for example. When you install Thunderbird on Vista or W7 then TLS 1.2 is supported correct?
Anyway, for mail I can either stay with the old style plain text stuff like before to meet customers with old stuff, or let TLS 1.0 enabled for the time being. I won't force my customers.
@JohnyByk: As wattie says, same kind of handling, but then remove the -TLSv1 line from httpd-ssl.conf, copy to the /custombuild/custom/ap2/conf/extra directory.
Then restart Apache and TLS 1.0 is supported again.
@Ditto: I just had a look. Windows 7 supports TLS 1.1 and 1.2 by default. Was not enabled by default until juni 2016 when update KB3140245 was released.
So if people update their windows 7, there is no issue for Windows 7.
There might be issues for older outlook versions. You can patch Outlook 2007 either via windows update or registry entry's, but older ones have bad luck I guess.
Without the update it won't work.
Thunderbird and non-Microsoft clients are unaffected - they will work regardless of Windows version and its updates.
Thank you for the information. As I don't have Outlook 2007 it is hard for me to test. What is unclear for me, is if it is enough for Windows 7 users that have Outlook 2007 to apply all available from Windows updates, or if they need to manually apply edits to the registry? If all they need to do is to apply all the latest updates from Windows update, then they have no excuse and I will not disable TLS 1.0 in Dovecot. However if they manually need to edit the registry or manually download a patch that is not applied when running windows update, then I will need to enable TLS 1.0 in Dovecot.
I had a customer today I did a remote session with.
Would not work with TLS1.0 disabled. I also applied the registry patch through the "easy fix" and restarted.
I will spend more time on it next week, it does not appear to be a simple user didn't patch issue.
It appears that while the 2016 patch added TLS 1.1 and TLS 1.2 support, the WINHTTP module forces TLS1.0 and when it gets a refusal it doesn't try the other versions. If anyone has a simple fix to the problem, I would turn off TLS 1.0 in a heartbeat on Dovecot.
As far as I understood from the Microsoft page, that would unfortunately not be enough.
Indeed this has to be done and is also written on the KB3140245 page at the Microsoft site.
This is unfortunate. I hope Microsoft will soon come to their senses because W7 is supported untill 2020, so they should enable this by default without the need for manual registry changes.
As they can make registry changes via Windows Update anyway.
@Kevinb: As I read from the KB3140245 page, you can set the default by editting the registry setting. Defaulting to 1.2 would be 0x00000800, or you can add 1.1 and 1.2 by calculator.
However... this again is manual stuff, not an easy thing, unless you create a .reg file yourself for this.
IMHO Microsoft should drop 1.0 anyway.
Last edited by Richard G; 07-13-2018 at 07:18 PM.
"./build rewrite_confs" is enough for that.
I ran into this issue myself on Windows 7 using Outlook 2010 and was able to resolve it. However, it does require manually editing the Windows Registry as Windows Update KB3140245 + Microsoft Easy Fix does not appear to create the required Protocol Keys.
*Use common sense when editing the registry. My situation may be different than yours.
More than likely KB3140245 will automatically be installed - if not, it should be installed as per Microsoft. The TechNet article provides the registry Keys/DWORD values that are needed (which depends on the versions of TLS you want to enable - follow the article). The "Easy Fix" from Microsoft appears to create the first set of DWORD values, but I had to manually enter the new Protocol Keys as per the TechNet article (they credit Ivan from their comments).
I have attached a screenshot for how the TLS 1.1 Key appears in my registry. The TLS 1.2 should appear the same.
Once I made all the changes and rebooted, Outlook immediately connected and can send/receive without issues. This has worked for three clients thus far.
To the increasing number of complaints and support issues due to a very common OS and email client, we've reverted back to TLSv1 as the default.
Excellent option. While the move to TLS > 1.0 makes complete sense, I'm sure there are probably many users still using older versions of Windows + Outlook (I do myself).
It is a shame because there should be no reason why Microsoft cannot include the basic registry changes (mentioned in my post above) in an update or patch. The "Easy Fix" that they provide is 50% there, and could easily include the additional Protocol Keys that are required to resolve the issue.
Then again...a fix that completely resolves the problem (for software without monthly fees) would not encourage new sales for software with subscription based licensing.
That is exactly why we only disabled the TLS v1.0 by default for Apache which is a good thing, but waited with the change for Dovecot in the (maybe idle) hope dat Microsoft will fix this in a better way as they still support Windows 7 until 2020 which is still 2 years.
My gues is they again did or slow down this on purpose to push more users to W10.
There is a big reason - they wish the users to upgrade to higher version of Office and Windows.
Good news. All major browsers are deprecating TLS 1.0 and 1.1.
That's indeed good news! Thank you!
Still, only in 2020, so over a bit more then a year. But it still is good news.
My proposal here for a dropdown Cipherlist choose in DA GUI does it make any sense?
Yes I think so, because it probably won't be made default, an admin choice would be nice.
Some links with info en test.
Trigger This service supports 11 anonymous cipher suites.
Trigger The server supports a cipher suite containing the RC4 cipher.
RC4 is a stream cipher in which significant weaknesses have been found. The use of this cipher in any protocol has been discouraged by ECRYPT as of 2014 (ECRYPT 2016 report).
In TLS, cipher suites using RC4 have been deprecated as of February 2015 (RFC 7465).
Trigger The server supports a cipher suite containing the 3DES cipher.
Three-key-3DES is a cipher with 168-bit keys but an effective key length of 112 bits because of a meet-in-the-middle attack. This is considered enough only for legacy. Furthermore, it has a 64-bit block size, which can be insufficient for some applications, for example because of birthday attacks (sweet32.info).
Trigger The server supports the "diffie-hellman-group1-sha1" algorithm.
The "diffie-hellman-group1-sha1" key exchange algorithm uses the commonly-shared and 1024-bit Oakley Group 2 (RFC 4253).
Trigger The server supports the 3DES cipher.
In SSH, there seem to be no advantage to using 3DES over more secure and more supported ciphers.
Last edited by ikkeben; 12-25-2018 at 08:22 AM.
maybe for not RS4 this way?
Last edited by ikkeben; 12-25-2018 at 05:32 PM.


This altered Gulf Coast Colonial was built in 1879 and was the in-town home of the Hillendahl family, a German immigrant family, who owned a large farm in what is now the Oak Forest subdivision. In the early 20th century a bay window was added in front, thus turning the house into duplex. It was restored to a single family residence in recent years.


What happens when baby drops a nap? For these parents, it was positively life-changing!
And they realise that if their little baby doesn't get their required sleep, they get cranky, and a whole long list of other side effects entail too.
Of course, some babies need a little nudge when it comes to dropping a day nap and sleeping soundly throughout the night.
How much sleep does your baby need? "Babies typically fall into two categories," explains Sheyne. "For example, babies six to 12 months old can be a low-sleep requirement babies, who need 13-14 hours sleep in a 24 hour period, or a high-sleep requirement baby that needs 15 to 16 hours sleep." Neither is right or wrong – they are just different.
Don't listen to myths, listen to your baby.
Use the 11-12 hour night sleep as a guide, and the remainder of your baby's sleep requirements as a morning and afternoon nap, or if they are already down to one nap, a nap in the middle of the day.
Learn what sleep associations work for you and your baby.
Does your baby sleep better after a warm bottle and a cuddle? Do they need to be rocked to sleep?
Work out what your baby's best routine is and their preferred sleep associations.
Sheyne says a well-nourished baby is less likely to wake during the night. Of course, fussy little eaters don't realise this as they're blankly refusing to eat their peas and carrots. If this is the case for you and your baby is 12+ months, try offering the baby a Blackmores Toddler Milk Drink before bedtime. Blackmores Toddler Milk Drink contains the essential vitamins and minerals to support your growing toddler's nutritional needs.
Q. How did your day change when your baby dropped a nap?
Here, parents whose toddlers have already dropped a nap reveal just how much their day to day changed for the better!
"Chloe was a terrible sleeper for the first 8 or so months – both at night and during the day. My daily activities were limited by my need to coax Chloe to sleep at home, in the pram or in the car three times each day. Then at 9-ish months she dropped a nap, down to two longer naps, and we instituted a different routine at night. Bath, pyjamas and a bottle worked a treat – Chloe settled so much better.
Megan says when Chloe sleeps through the night, everyone is happier!
"Gino was having 2 naps a day up until about 18 months of age. He'd have 1 in the morning at around 9 or 10am for 1 to 2 hours, and then another in the afternoon around 2pm for about 1 to 2 hours. It was so inconsistent and so disruptive to our day. And it was really hard to plan anything, like catching up with friends and family, or getting chores done!
Hunmi, 40, mum to Gino, 22 months.
Hunmi says now that Gino's one daily nap is predictable, they can make plans - and keep them!


a third arbitrator nominated by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. .
principles of law recognised by civilised nations.
majority of the arbitrators think otherwise.


As we enter a new year, I simply want to say thank you for being an engaged member-consumer of SEMO Electric Cooperative. If you are taking time to read, you are at least staying abreast of the cooperative's activities. I want to say thank you to Team SEMO and SEMO Electric's Board of Directors for a shared sense of purpose and commitment to make people's lives better with safe, reliable and low-cost electricity and fiber-fast Internet. We aren't perfect, but we try to work safe, keep things tidy, act prudent and take care of our member-consumers. Happy New Year!
Are you curious about SEMO Electric Cooperative's GoSEMO Fiber project? Do you know what it takes to deliver energy or fiber to your home, farm or business? Do you know the seven cooperative principles? Would you like to tour the cooperative's dispatch center?
Join us for Co-op 101 at 6 p.m., Monday, January 21 at our Sikeston office. We will discuss the business model of cooperatives, provide insights about SEMO Electric and GoSEMO Fiber, and provide a tour of the facility. Plus, you may experience Gigabit Fiber Internet.
If you are a SEMO Electric member-owner and would like to hold a strand of fiber, touch a fuse barrel or see our inventory barcoding system in action, email Marla at [email protected] or call 800-813-5230 to reserve a seat.
Attention high school sophomores and juniors whose parent(s) or legal guardian(s) is a member-owner of SEMO Electric Cooperative. You have an opportunity to apply for the CYCLE Tour and the Youth Tour. Four finalists will be selected by Team SEMO. The deadline to apply is February 1.
What's the CYCLE Tour? SEMO Electric's high school sophomores are eligible for the Association of Missouri Electric Cooperatives' Cooperative Youth Conference and Leadership Experience (CYCLE) Tour. It is a three-day leadership program with other Missouri students at Jefferson City in July.
What's the Youth Tour? SEMO Electric's high school juniors are eligible for the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association Youth Tour in June. More than 1,500 students from across America take part in the Youth Tour experience each year. Students travel to Washington, D.C., to meet legislators and explore museums, memorials and monuments with other students from Missouri.
Please visit GoSEMO.com, see your high school guidance counselor or email [email protected] for more information.
With property taxes due, I thought you might be curious about the cooperative's tax bill. SEMO Electric's property taxes for 2018 totaled about $620,000. Since the co-op has roughly 2,600 miles of power lines and 16,000 meters, property taxes equate to about $238 per mile of line or $38.75 per meter.
Vanslyke is general manager and chief executive officer of SEMO Electric Cooperative. In the photo, Vanslyke shares a happy moment with his wife, daughter, son, son-in-law and grandchildren during a visit to Seattle, Washington.


text:
Home Technology 16 Apps to Make Your Phone the Best Personal Assistant Ever
16 Apps to Make Your Phone the Best Personal Assistant Ever
A smartphone or tablet loaded with the right apps can help a person get more done, stay healthy, relax and save money. Here's a fresh list of apps more than a dozen high achievers are using every day.
Bill.com (free for iOS and Android)
"We're obsessed with automation at Haven and the Bill.com app has been a complete game changer. I used to approve every payment for our three locations around the world via the Bill.com website, which was difficult due to my hefty travel schedule. Once the app was released, all of our approval chains were automated ensuring all of our partners are paid on time."
–Matthew Tillman, founder and CEO of Haven, a logistics technology company enabling the global commodity trade
Accompany (free for iOS)
"I used to write briefing notes for executive meetings. Now with Accompany, I automatically get a bio on each person every morning, pulled from my calendar, often with extra info and articles outside of their LinkedIn profile. The convenience is amazing as an executive, but it's also the relationship focus and further insights that are valuable for conversations."
–Ryan Smith, founder and CEO of FTSY ("footsy"), an artificial intelligence platform for matching people to shoes that fit
Oprah and Deepak's 21-Day Meditation Experience (free for iOS and Android)
"In the desire to be mindful and use the power of my subconscious, I had to declutter my life so I could see the way forward. [This app] helps with being mindful and practicing the art of meditation… Instead of searching news articles and scrolling through news feeds, I find the best way to stay truly on my game is to be mindful and present. This app has allowed me to listen to his meditations in the middle of chaos and still feel truly peaceful."
–Janice Taylor, founder and CEO of Mazu, a social media village built on core values, safety, and curated content for families
Boomerang for Gmail (free and paid versions for iOS, Android and desktop)
"The Boomerang chrome extension is my inbox's life saver. It allows me to maintain "inbox zero" and sanity. When you "boomerang" an email, you can chose when it comes back to your inbox. So I boomerang emails that don't require my immediate attention or emails that I have responded to and require the other person to respond back. It's a great day-to-day tool and also should be part of any salesperson's arsenal of tools."
–Derrick Fung, CEO of Drop, a millennial-focused reward program that lets users accrue points while shopping their favorite brands
Feedly (free for iOS, Android and web)
"Part of my job is having deep insight into the real-time trends affecting the tech, business, and retail spaces. With a seemingly endless barrage of breaking news, I rely on Feedly to curate my feed. Whether it's during an early morning workout, lunch break, or commute, I use the app throughout the day to stay updated on the latest stories."
—Michael Parrish DuDell, millennial expert and chief strategy officer of CouponFollow
Oura Ring (free for iOS and Android)
"I spend a great deal of my time in front of a computer or some device. I travel frequently so apps like Kayak and Open Table play a big role in my life. Apps play a big part in staying healthy, too, including maintaining and even improving cognitive function. To this end, I use BrainHQ and Peak. I also use Nutrino to monitor my nutrition. The most important app I use every day is the app supporting the Oura Ring which I use to monitor my activity levels and sleep quality."
–Avram Miller, former corporate VP of Business Development at Intel, the cofounder of Intel Capital, and current board vice chairman of Sommetrics, a company developing products and services aimed at enhancing health and well-being by improving sleep quality
Podcast Addict (free for Android)
"Podcasts are one of my favorite ways to stay connected both professionally and personally to issues and topics I care about. This is hands-down the best Android podcast app I've found."
–Div Bhansali, VP of marketing at AccountantsWorld, a provider of cloud solutions for accountants
Linkedin (free and paid versions for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, desktop, and web)
"I use LinkedIn every day. It provides me with the perfect balance of relevant content, insight into who are the thoughtful people in and around my industry and a means to connect. The most important decisions I make are related to people and assembling the right team and as far as I'm concerned there is no better resource for that than LinkedIn."
–Marc Borzykowski, CEO of Vector Media, an innovative Out-of-Home media company specializing in large-format transit advertising, traditional Out-of-Home (OOH) media and the creation of interactive brand experiences
TunnelBear (free for iOS and Android)
"The TunnelBear interface and service are great for traveling. The connection speed is better than most VPNs I've tried and there always seems to be a connection point near my location. At around $60 per year, it isn't cheap but they have a free version for low traffic users."
Google Keep (free for iOS and Android)
"It's just a great notepad that I can open anywhere. No matter how crazy work or home gets, it's nice to just have a simple notepad that has all of my professional and personal to-dos in one place. I've used every possible task app and service, but I've found the best solutions in life are simple."
–Clarence Friedman, founder and CEO of Adeo Health Science, maker of Inspired Start, a baby food designed to introduce eight of the most common allergens (peanut, egg, tree nut, soy, wheat, sesame, shrimp and cod)
Shazam (free and paid versions for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, desktop, and Web)
"Whether at a friends place or out at night, you always hear music you like and want to know what it is. Like the song? Shazam it. Want to play a song you liked on Shazam? Link your Spotify or Soundcloud account. I was in Mykonos for a week this past summer and came home with tons of music I heard, simply be Shazam'ing the songs I loved hearing."
–Chris Molnar, principal and creative of Goodlife Clothing, a men's premium essentials and lifestyle brand providing luxury goods
Google Drive (free and paid versions for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, desktop, and web)
"Google's Drive app is absolutely essential for any entrepreneur–it's awesome. I can access every aspect of my business from it, collaborate on docs/spreadsheets, and send out contracts. It's the perfect app if you don't want to be tied to the office ever!"
–George Vrabeck, president of ActionArmor, a natural product developed to support the protection of the brain by preparing young brains in advance of any form of head trauma with a special emphasis on concussion
Uber (free and paid versions for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, desktop, and Web)
"Uber is my go-to app when traveling on business, vacationing with the family or when my wife and I want to go out on a date night. Uber has really closed the gap and made it convenient for me and my family when we need car service immediately. This technology makes going from point A to point B simple and easy with no hassle of waiving a taxi."
–Vito Pagano, CEO of GettinLocal, a mobile platform designed to support businesses in local communities and to empower businesses of all sizes to affordably compete in a highly visible and dynamic mobile market
Pocket (free for iOS, Android and web)
"Pocket is indispensable for stashing away the articles, both business and personal, that I want to read but don't have time for at the moment. Also, I love that it easily syncs across all of my devices."
–Ray Wu, CEO and founder of Wynd, a personal space air purifier
DisneyNOW (free for iOS, Android, Apple TV)
"DisneyNOW is indispensable because it keeps my kids entertained and happy, and happy kids make for a happy (and more productive) dad. They watch their favorite shows on any device — most often our iPad and Apple TV. It's delightful because of the animations, transitions, and extra touches Disney put into it–little details that make it stand out from other entertainment apps."
–Eric N. Shapiro, founder and CEO of ArcTouch, an app design and development studio
"I won't win originality points for this one, but LinkedIn is easily the most powerful business app on my phone–its InMail specifically. When asked about her success in setting up Nasty Gal, I once heard Sophia Amoruso say that she's a beast on LinkedIn. If she needed to know something, she'd seek out the relevant person on LinkedIn and just ask. This is my approach exactly. If I've got a pitch or a request in mind, my first tactic is to use LinkedIn to find the right person and drop him or her an InMail. I'd say 80 percent of the time, I get a helpful reply within a day of sending the message."
–P.J. Worsfold, head of product for FTSY ("footsy"), an artificial intelligence platform for matching people to shoes that fit
TripIt (free for iOS and Android)
"I spend about 40 percent of my year traveling and there is still no better app than TripIt. It automatically captures travel itineraries sent to my email and notifies me of changes to my flight schedule. Features like seat finder and alternate flights are great for last minute meetings. After many years, there is still no better app on the market for frequent travelers.
Source:inc.com
Previous articleSocial Media Trends to Watch For in 2018
Next articleComing in 2018: The first VR Nobel Prize experience

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
BIAMAX (правильна грецька вимова Viamax) — грецький виробник автомобілів. Наприкінці 70-х років ХХ століття це була одна з найбільших грецьких компаній, що керувала трьома фабриками (в Афінах, де знаходився її штаб-квартира, Салоніки та Лариса) та кількома іншими допоміжними об'єктами по всій країні. Крім того, BIAMAX став провідним у Греції у таких сферах, як забезпечення якості, технічне навчання, технологічна документація та дослідження та розробка. Хоча його основною діяльністю було виробництво транспортних засобів (наприкінці 1970-х у його промисловому секторі працювало понад 2000 робітників), деякі його дочірні компанії також були задіяні в таких сферах, як туристичні послуги, експорт сільськогосподарської продукції та судноплавство.

Ранні заходи
Її витоки сягають 30-х років XX століття, коли родина Фостіропулос стала імпортерами автомобілів Mercedes-Benz. Компанія з такою назвою була заснована в 1956 році, і ця назва відображала її початкову діяльність, оскільки вона розпочала з виробництва автобусних кузовів на шасі Mercedes-Benz (BIAMAX, розшифровується як «Biomihania Amaxomaton», або «Промисловість кузовного будівництва автомобілів»; назва було збережено, хоча компанія незабаром стала повноцінним виробником транспортних засобів).

Оригінальні розробки
Перше шасі, розроблене BIAMAX, було представлене в січні 1960 року. Того ж року була представлена знаменита серія автобусів R та міжміських автобусів. Одне з найперших в світі безхарактерних дизайнів автобусів, це було інженерне досягнення, що включало нові підходи до підвіски та конструкції, розроблене інженерами Антоніосом Різосом (який позиціонував своє ім'я в серії) та Йоаннісом Дракулісом (який відповідав за елегантний, обтічний дизайн). Моделі R495 (міжміський автобус) та R514 (автобус) стали звичними пам'ятками в країні, встановивши бренд BIAMAX. У 1962 році був спроектований і побудований тролейбусний тип (також безшляховий) з осями Lancia та трансмісією та електрикою CGE; оскільки замовлено імпортний тип для Афін, було виготовлено лише один тролейбус, але він, тим не менше, вступив в експлуатацію, залишаючись в експлуатації більше 15 років.

1960-ті та 1970-ті: «Золотий вік»
Дуже успішна серія міських та міжміських автобусів F (названа на честь Фостіропулоса, позначення використовувалося і раніше) була представлена в 1965 році із використанням шасі типу сходів, розробленого BIAMAX та, як і більшість її продуктів, Mercedes-Benz двигуни. Найбільш поширені типи, вироблені були F530 і F580, з декількома варіантами тіла для різних кінцевих застосувань. Одночасно BIAMAX представив залізничні вагони і продовжував виробляти широкий асортимент кузовів для автобусів і вантажівок, збираючи 4х4 і трактори тощо, з тисяч транспортних засобів, що виходили з його заводів, багато з яких експортувались у велику кількість країн, переважно в Європі, Азії та Африці; часом компанія експортувала до 50% своєї продукції. Однією з найбільш помітних моделей, спеціально розроблених для Африки та Близького Сходу, був «Пустельний автобус» , надзвичайно міцна конструкція, виробництво якої розпочалося в 1963 році, для поїздок на великі відстані з можливістю пересування по пересіченій місцевості та додаткових навантажень (включаючи здатність перевозити тонни навантаження на його дах), додатково з кондиціонером, ліжками, туалетами тощо. Типи F580 можна побачити на сьогоднішній день, працюючи на Близькому Сході. Дійсно, про легендарну надійність шин BIAMAX може свідчити велика кількість збережених прикладів, більшість з яких у відмінному робочому стані. Одним з найбільш успішних підприємств Biamax було виробництво автобусів Mercedes-Benz O302 та O303, включаючи такі варіанти, як тип O302S2, який, по суті, був «сумішшю» обох моделей.

Після 1980 р.
Компанія зіткнулася з труднощами на початку 1980-х років, коли деякі близькосхідні ринки були втрачені, але, головним чином, через нові закони, що дозволяють імпорт вживаних автобусів у Греції. Вступ Греції до Європейських Співтовариств скасував грецькі «протекціоністські» закони для місцевої автомобільної промисловості та мита на імпорт іноземних транспортних засобів.

У 1986 році він припинив виробництво, зосередившись на імпорті та дистрибуції транспортних засобів. Починаючи з 1999 року, після спроби компанії Sfakianakis SA придбати компанію  не було завершено (Сфакіанакіс придбав лише підрозділ з імпорту вантажівок та тракторів), також припинилася вся торгова діяльність; колишні частини компанії зосереджувались на судноплавстві та інших видах діяльності, а те, що залишилось від BIAMAX, працює на сьогоднішній день як фірма з управління нерухомістю.

Старі промислові об'єкти на проспекті Афінон залишаються занедбаними.

Примітки

 Л.С. Скарціс та Г.А. Аврамідіс, «Зроблено в Греції», Типорама, Патри, Греція (2003) (перевидано Науковим парком Університету Патри, 2007)
 Л.С. Скарціс, "Грецькі виробники автомобілів та машин 1800 до сьогодні: Живописна історія", марафон (2012)  (електронна книга)
 Г.Н. Георгано (ред.), "Повна енциклопедія комерційних автомобілів", Публікація Краузе, Іола, Вісконсин (1979)
 Денис Міллер, "Ілюстрована енциклопедія вантажівок і автобусів", New Burlington Books, Лондон (1982)
 Газета "Елефтерія", 8 липня 1960 р., С. 4 (представлення серії Biamax R)

Посилання

 Грецькі автобусні будівельники на Bus-planet.com

Бренди Греції
Підприємства Греції
Засновані в Європі 1956


A valuable retirement financial and lifestyle planning tool for everyone. Use it to identify your sources of retirement income to assist with coordinating your benefits in the event of old age, disability and death.
Milestones and Lifestyle Planning Services © 2008-2018 | We work to provide innovative, quality, and affordable Retirement Consulting solutions to individuals, trustees, and institutions and we provide support in the areas of group health, group life, and pensions.
Trustees and Employers have a heavy responsibility. Milestones takes some of the load off.
Not sure about your Retirement Plans? Need assistance in claiming your state benefits? We can help.
Milestones provides solutions to insurance companies, asset managers, brokers, and agents to help your organisation deliver the best results to your clients.
Milestones is committed to providing the wider public with information on Retirement and Employee Benefits.
Useful books to help harness the passion in business.
Agency responsible for registering businesses in Jamaica.
On line resource for reading laws governing pensions and employee benefits.
James M.Heidema's resources and material for sales managers and change motivators to assist in capacity building for their teams.


text:
GCHQ mass surveillance 'unlawful' & breach of human rights, court rules
Published time: 6 Feb, 2015 12:13 Edited time: 6 Feb, 2015 15:16
An aerial image of the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire. (Photo from wikipedia.org) © Wikipedia
Mass surveillance of internet communications by British intelligence agency GCHQ was 'unlawful' until the end of 2014, a court has ruled.
The Investigatory Powers Tribunal (IPT) announced on Friday that the security agency's access to information obtained by the US National Security Agency (NSA) was in breach of human rights law.
The ruling suggests that the intelligence-sharing operations between the US and UK were illegal for at least seven years, beginning with the Prism intercept program's introduction in 2007 to the end of 2014.
This landmark ruling is the first time since the IPT's establishment in 2000 that a complaint against any UK intelligence agencies has been upheld.
The decision, posted on the IPT's website on Friday morning, said the activities of GCHQ didn't comply with articles 8 or 10 of the European Convention of Human Rights. Article 8 refers to the right to private family life and 10 to freedom of expression.
"The regime governing the soliciting, receiving, storing and transmitting by UK authorities of private communications of individuals located in the UK, which have been obtained by US authorities … contravened Articles 8 or 10," the document read.
READ MORE:British spies threaten to stop working with Germans if NSA probe taken further
The challenges to mass surveillance techniques, brought by human rights groups Liberty and Privacy International among others, claimed that GCHQ and NSA information collection practices were illegal.
The legal regime has been updated to ensure compliance, and a judgment issued by the tribunal in December found the current system doesn't violate human rights.
The extent of the shared communication interceptions was revealed by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden. Lawyers said that by receiving information from the NSA, GHCQ was bypassing the UK's legal system.
A GCHQ spokesperson, however, said the ruling only affected a small area of data collection.
"We are pleased that the court has once again ruled that the UK's bulk interception regime is fully lawful. It follows the court's clear rejection of accusations of 'mass surveillance' in their December judgment."
"The IPT has, however, found against the government in one small respect in relation to the historic intelligence-sharing legal regime," they added.
The spokesperson further said the decision "re-affirmed" their commitment to the intelligence-sharing procedure.
READ MORE:Infamous 'Regin' malware linked to Snowden's NSA files
"Today's IPT ruling re-affirms that the processes and safeguards within the intelligence-sharing regime were fully adequate at all times – it is simply about the amount of detail about those processes and safeguards that needed to be in the public domain.
"We welcome the important role the IPT has played in ensuring that the public regime is sufficiently detailed."
They also explained that secrecy was the nature of GCHQ's work.
"By its nature, much of GCHQ's work must remain secret. But we are working with the rest of government to improve public understanding about what we do and the strong legal and policy framework that underpins all our work."
"We continue to do what we can to place information safely into the public domain that can help to achieve this."
Eric King, Deputy Director of Privacy International, gave a positive response to the decision.
"For far too long, intelligence agencies like GCHQ and NSA have acted like they are above the law," he said.
"Today's decision confirms to the public what many have said all along — over the past decade, GCHQ and the NSA have been engaged in an illegal mass surveillance sharing program that has affected millions of people around the world."
King added that GCHQ must not be allowed to continue the practice of mass surveillance, and praised Edward Snowden, saying the verdict "vindicated" his actions.


text:
Covidtracker
As students return to in-person learning for the 2021-2022 school year, NOLA Public Schools remains committed to the health and safety of our school community. We are reporting data that show the impact of COVID-19 on our school community every week to keep our students, parents, teachers and staff informed.
We will update this information every Monday by 4 p.m. throughout the pandemic. The data reported will represent the previous weeks' COVID-19 case reports.
If you are looking for information on COVID cases across the District, see our COVID Tracker for the 2021-2022 school year. The tracker was restarted on Aug. 9, 2021.
The NOLA PS COVID-19 Case Tracker provides the number of active and cumulative positive cases of COVID-19 by school site, total number of currently quarantined students and staff, and the number of positive cases of COVID-19 reported over time for the district and by school site.
NOLA-PS is ahead of the curve with coronavirus testing, compared to many school districts across the country. The District has established partnerships with LCMC Health Children's Hospital, Ochsner Hospital for Children and CORE to provide frontline access to COVID-19 testing for students and staff experiencing symptoms. The testing is provided via a mix of mobile units, hospitals, and urgent care facilities.
It is important to note that the information here includes positive cases reported by any student or staff member, regardless of where they contracted COVID-19.


text:
Fire Fighter Dies at Home After Shift - Maryland
Death in the Line of Duty…A summary of a NIOSH fire fighter fatality investigation
F2004-16 Date Released: October 22, 2004
On December 18, 2003, a 55-year old, male, career Fire Fighter (FF) finished his 14-hour night shift at approximately 0700 hours and went home. He was supposed to return to duty at 1700 hours, but did not return to his station. Since he had not notified station personnel of taking time off, his station Captain contacted the fire station closest to the FF's home and requested their station personnel go to the FF's home and check on him. Upon arrival at the FF's home, fire personnel placed an extension ladder to a second floor bedroom window, ascended the ladder, and saw the FF lying in bed. Attempts to arouse the FF were unsuccessful and forcible entry was made into the home. Fire personnel assessed the FF and found him to be deceased for at least several hours. No resuscitation measures were attempted. An ambulance and police were summoned and upon arrival of the ambulance, he was pronounced dead. The death certificate and autopsy, completed by the Medical Examiner, listed "arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease" as the immediate cause of death.
The following recommendations address some general health and safety issues. This list includes some preventive measures that have been recommended by other agencies to reduce the risk of on-the-job heart attacks and sudden cardiac arrest among fire fighters. These selected recommendations have not been evaluated by NIOSH, but represent published research, or consensus votes of technical committees of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) or fire service labor/management groups. These recommendations would probably not have changed the outcome in this case.
Although unrelated to this fatality, the Fire Department (FD) should consider these recommendations based on health and economic considerations:
Phase in a mandatory wellness/fitness program for fire fighters to reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease and improve cardiovascular capacity
Discontinue the routine use of annual chest x-rays unless specifically indicated
Continue providing mandatory annual medical evaluations to ALL fire fighters consistent with NFPA 1582 to determine their medical ability to perform duties without presenting a significant risk to the safety and health of themselves or others
INTRODUCTION & METHODS
On December 18, 2003, a 55-year-old male Fire Fighter did not return for duty at the appointed time. Fire personnel sent to his home found him deceased. No resuscitation measures were attempted. NIOSH was notified of this fatality on December 23, 2003, by the United States Fire Administration. NIOSH contacted the affected Fire Department on January 26, 2004, to obtain further information. On May 17, 2004, a Safety and Occupational Health Specialist from the NIOSH Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation Team traveled to Maryland to conduct an on-site investigation of the incident.
During the investigation NIOSH personnel interviewed:
The Fire Chief
The Division Chief
The Union President
Fire Investigator
The FF's wife
During the site-visit NIOSH personnel reviewed:
FD policies and operating guidelines
FD training records
FD annual report for 2003
FD investigative report
Witness statements
FD physical examination protocols
FD ambulance records
Autopsy report
INVESTIGATIVE RESULTS
On December 17, 2003, the FF reported for duty at his fire station (Station 6) at approximately 1630 hours. He was assigned to Engine 6. During the shift, the crew was dispatched to two alarms: an unconscious person call at 1647 hours and an electrical fire in a single-family dwelling at 1940 hours. During the emergency medical call, the FF performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), assisted the ambulance crew in placing the patient on a long spine board, then onto a stretcher, carrying the patient to the ambulance, lifting the stretcher into the ambulance, accompanied the ambulance to the hospital, and assisting the ambulance crew with patient care and transfer at the hospital. The call ended at 1705 hours. During the electrical fire, the FF, wearing full turnout gear and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), assisted with investigation of fire origin, carried hand tools to assist with investigation and extinguishment, assisted with scene safety, and interfaced with the property owners. Throughout these incidents, the FF did not express any complaints of chest pain or any other symptoms of illness.
There were no additional responses for the remainder of the shift. The crew performed station maintenance and equipment checks.
Just prior to the FF's shift ending at 0700 hours, he spoke briefly with two crew members and then he went home. He arrived at his home at approximately 0720 hours and spoke with his wife prior to her departure for work. It is unknown what activities he performed throughout the day. At 1700 hours, he was supposed to report for duty at his station but did not arrive. At 1740 hours, his Captain became concerned that the FF had not arrived for work. The FF would typically arrive for work one hour early and had never been late. Several phone calls were made to the residence with no answer. The Captain contacted the fire station closest to the FF's home and requested a crew go to the FF's home and check on him. Engine 55 responded to the FF's home and upon arrival, noticed the home was locked and the FF's personal vehicle was parked in front of the home.
Crew members placed an extension ladder to the bedroom window and a fire fighter ascended the ladder to look inside the window. The fire fighter saw someone lying in bed. After attempts at knocking on the window to arouse the FF were unsuccessful, forcible entry was made into the home. Crew members entered the home and found the FF in bed. After assessing the FF and finding him to be deceased (cool skin and rigor mortis), no resuscitative measures were attempted. Police and an ambulance were summoned and, upon arrival of the ambulance, he was pronounced dead by ambulance personnel at 1755 hours.
Medical Findings. The death certificate, completed by the Medical Examiner, listed "arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease" as the immediate cause of death. The carboxyhemoglobin level (a measure of exposure to carbon monoxide) was not measured. Pertinent findings from the autopsy, also performed by the Medical Examiner, on December 19, 2003, included:
Severe arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease
80-90% stenosis in the left anterior descending artery
60% stenosis in the circumflex artery
80% stenosis in the right coronary artery
Old subendocardial infarct of left ventricle
Biventricular dilatation
Left ventricle cavity measured 5 x 8.5 centimeters (cm)
Right ventricle cavity measured 5.5 x 3.5 cm
Left ventricular free wall thickness of 1.2 cm [(normal is 0.76-0.88 cm)1(normal
echographic measurement is 0.6 to 1.1 cm)2]
Right ventricular free wall thickness of 0.6 cm (normal is 0.3-0.5 cm).3
Cardiomegaly (heart weighing 550 grams with normal less than 400 grams4)
Aortic atherosclerosis
Cardiac valves were unremarkable
No thrombi were found
Drug and alcohol tests were negative
According to the FF's wife and FD personnel, the FF was seldom sick, and he walked regularly.
A FD physical examination, conducted in July 2003, revealed a height of 73″ and a weight of 191 pounds, giving the FF a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kilograms per square meter (kg/m2), which is considered normal).5 Blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were within normal limits. Due to the fact that the FF was over the age of 45 and had been a former smoker, the physician recommended an exercise stress test (EST) be performed. The FF died prior to the EST being performed.
According to his wife and crew members, prior to this incident, the FF had no complaints of chest pains or any symptoms suggestive of acute heart-related problems.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT
At the time of the NIOSH investigation, this combination FD consisted of 1,100 uniformed career and 2,000 volunteer personnel. The Department served a population of 800,000 in an area of 610 square miles. There are 26 career fire stations, 33 volunteer fire stations, and two volunteer rehabilitation units. The FD also provides advanced life support (ALS) medical service. Career fire fighters work the following schedule: two 10-hour shifts 0700 hours to 1700 hours, two 14-hour shifts 1700 hours to 0700 hours, then are off-duty for four days.
In 2003, the FD responded to 176,760 calls, including: 87,036 fire calls and 89,724 medical calls.
Training. The FD requires all new career applicants to pass a written test, physical ability test, a pre-placement physical examination, a drug test, and a background investigation prior to being given a conditional offer of employment. Most employees are hired as probationary emergency medical technicians (EMTs), then are sent to a 9-week Academy to become certified as an emergency medical technician. Employees must attend the Fire Fighter Academy on their own to become certified fire fighters. Employees hired as fire fighters must have Fire Fighter II, infection control, hazardous materials operations, and EMT certifications prior to being hired.
Recurrent training occurs daily on each shift. The FD requires all fire fighters to receive continuing education in EMT, breathing apparatus, infection control, and hazardous materials operations annually. The State requires all fire fighters to complete a basic 24-hour fire fighter course. There is no State requirement for annual recertification. The FF was certified as a Fire Specialist, Driver/Operator, EMT, Hazardous Materials Operations, Fire Service Instructor II, Fire Investigator I, Fire Inspector I, and Public Fire Educator. He had 35 years of fire fighting experience.
Pre-placement Evaluations. The FD requires a pre-placement medical evaluation for all fire fighter candidates, regardless of age. Components of the evaluation include:
A complete medical history
Vision screening
Blood analysis: comprehensive metabolic panel (Chem 20) complete blood count with differential lipid panel
Urinalysis dipstick
Urine drug screen
Pulmonary function test (spirometry)
Hepatitis B Titer
Hepatitis C antibody screening
PPD (tuberculosis Mantoux) test
Occupational Safety and Health Administration respirator questionnaire
Respirator physical examination
These evaluations are performed by a contract physician hired by the County, who then makes a decision regarding medical clearance for fire fighting duties. This decision is forwarded to the County Human Resources Director.
Periodic Evaluations. Periodic medical evaluations (beginning in 2003) are currently required by this FD. The components of which are the same as the pre-placement medical evaluation. Continuation in 2004 is dependent upon budget.
If the screening identifies any health problems, the fire fighter is advised to see their personal physician. The contract physician provides a summary to the FD, including fire fighter clearance and respirator clearance forms. Medical clearance for respirator use is required. A physical ability test is required annually beginning in 2003.
If an employee is injured at work, or is ill and off work for more than two days, the employee must be evaluated by their personal physician, who forwards their recommendation regarding "return to work" to the County contract physician, who makes the final determination. If the County contract physician is not available, the employee's supervisor may allow the employee to return to duty until the contract physician becomes available.
The FF was seldom sick and had not missed work in recent history.
Exercise (strength and aerobic) equipment is located in most fire stations. The FD is in the processing of purchasing exercise equipment for the remainder of its fire stations. Voluntary wellness/fitness programs are in place for the FD, however the type of exercise performed is left to the individual fire fighter. Health/wellness maintenance information is available from the County. The FF exercised regularly by walking.
In the United States, coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis) is the most common risk factor for cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death.6 Risk factors for its development include increasing age, male gender, family history of coronary artery disease, smoking, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, obesity/physical inactivity, and diabetes.7,8 The victim had three of these risk factors (increasing age, male gender, and smoking). However, he smoked only about two cigarettes per shift.
The narrowing of the coronary arteries by atherosclerotic plaques occurs over many years, typically decades.9 However, the growth of these plaques probably occurs in a nonlinear, often abrupt fashion.10 Heart attacks typically occur with the sudden development of complete blockage (occlusion) in one or more coronary arteries that have not developed a collateral blood supply.11 This sudden blockage is primarily due to blood clots (thrombosis) forming on the top of atherosclerotic plaques.
It is possible that the FF suffered a heart attack. The term "possible" is used because autopsy findings (thrombus formation), blood tests (cardiac isoenzymes), or ECG findings are required to "confirm" a heart attack [myocardial infarction (MI)]. The victim did not have a blood clot on autopsy, cardiac isoenzymes were not tested, and he had no heart beat to show the characteristic findings of a heart attack on an EKG. However, he had severe coronary atherosclerotic disease and evidence of an old MI on autopsy.
Firefighting is widely acknowledged to be one of the most physically demanding and hazardous of all civilian occupations.12 Firefighting activities are strenuous and often require fire fighters to work at near maximal heart rates for long periods. The increase in heart rate has been shown to begin with responding to the initial alarm and persist through the course of fire suppression activities.13–15 Even when energy costs are moderate (as measured by oxygen consumption) and work is performed in a thermoneutral environment, heart rates may be high (over 170 beats per minute) owing to the insulative properties of the personal protective clothing.16 Epidemiologic studies have found that heavy physical exertion sometimes immediately precedes and triggers the onset of acute heart attacks.17–20 During his shift, the FF performed CPR, assisted with lifting a patient, and wore full turnout gear and SCBA while investigating an electrical fire. This is considered a moderate level of physical exertion.21–23 The physical stress of performing moderate physical exertion and his underlying atherosclerotic CAD contributed to this fire fighter's cardiac arrest, and sudden death. Most life threatening arrhythmias associated with MI's occur during the 24 hours after symptoms first began. 24–26
To reduce the risk of sudden cardiac arrest or other incapacitating medical conditions among fire fighters, the NFPA has developed guidelines entitled "Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire Departments," otherwise known as NFPA 1582.27 To screen for CAD, NFPA 1582 recommends an exercise stress test (EST) for asymptomatic fire fighters with two or more risk factors for CAD [family history of premature (less than age 60) cardiac event, hypertension (diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg), diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, and hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol greater than 240 mg/dL)].27 This recommendation is consistent with recommendations from the American Heart Association/ American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) and the Department of Transportation (DOT) regarding EST in asymptomatic individuals.28,29 Since the deceased had only one CAD risk factor (smoking) for EST determination, the performance of an EST would not have been recommended by NFPA 1582 or the AHA.
The deceased had biventricular hypertrophy on autopsy. Hypertrophy of the heart's left ventricle (left ventricular hypertrophy) is a relatively common finding among individuals with long standing high blood pressure (hypertension), a heart valve problem, or cardiac ischemia (reduced blood supply to the heart muscle). However, the deceased was never known to have high blood pressure, and, on autopsy, did not have any valve abnormalities. He did have CAD, therefore cardiac ischemia is a distinct possibility, particularly given his extensive atherosclerotic disease. On the other hand, unexplained cardiac hypertrophy is one form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This diagnosis of HCM was made by his: a) large heart, and b) thickened left heart ventricles.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively rare heart condition, affecting approximately 0.2% of the population.30 The majority of patients are asymptomatic, and sudden cardiac death is often its first clinical manifestation, particularly among patients less than 30 years of age.31 Risk factors for sudden death among HCM patients include young age (<30 years old) at diagnosis, a family history of HCM with sudden death, an abnormal blood pressure response to exercise, severe symptoms, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, marked hypertrophy, marked left atrial dilatation, and genetic abnormalities associated with increased prevalence of a sudden death.30–32
Approximately half of the HCM cases are transmitted genetically, typically in an autosomal dominant trait with disease loci on at least eight different chromosomes.33 Unfortunately, genetic testing is not routinely available and remains largely a research tool. The causes of HCM in the other half of patients is unknown.31 Medical evaluation of first degree relatives is warranted to determine whether screening tests are appropriate.
Dilated cardiomyopathy, is characterized by dilatation of the heart chambers and impaired ventricular contraction (pumping). Microscopic findings are non-specific, typically being myocyte hypertrophy [best appreciated as nuclear hypertrophy (e.g. "box-car nuclei")] with varying degrees of interstitial fibrosis.34,35 Although most cases of dilated cardiomyopathy are of unknown etiology (idiopathic), a variety of acquired or hereditary disorders can cause the disorder. These secondary and potentially reversible forms are listed in Table 1.35
Idiopathic cardiomyopathy (IDC) is not rare. Its age-adjusted prevalence in the United States averages 36 cases per 100,000 population,36 and it accounts for 10,000 deaths each year.37 Most patients are first seen between the ages of 20 and 50 years presenting with symptoms of moderate heart failure [shortness of breath on exertion, palpitations (fast heart beats), diminished exercise capacity] and advanced heart failure [shortness of breath upon lying down, and swelling of the ankles].35 The deceased had sudden death. Although sudden death is rarely the initial presentation,38,39 it is a common cause of death among IDC patients accounting for 28 percent of all IDC deaths.35
The prognosis for ICD is poor. Early studies reported one- and five-year death rates of approximately 25 and 50 percent respectively,40,41 but recent studies report an average five-year death rate of 20 percent.38,39,42,43 This improved survival probably reflects the earlier detection of disease, a shift to population-based studies, and better treatment.39,44 Although a variety of symptoms and medical tests can provide prognostic information, patients at greatest risk of sudden death or in need of anti-arrhythmic therapy cannot yet be prospectively identified.35 Given the inability to identify patients at high risk for sudden death, the low degree of efficacy of anti-arrhythmic agents for IDC, the numerous side effects of these anti-arrhythmic agents, and the lack of symptoms in the deceased, it is unclear if an earlier diagnosis could have prevented his sudden death.
Investigations into the pathogenesis of IDC have focused on four basic mechanisms:
(1) inherited factors, (2) viral myocarditis and other cytotoxic insults, (3) immune abnormalities, and (4) metabolic, energetic, and contractile abnormalities. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, and several may combine to produce clinical disease in susceptible patients. The inherited factors account for approximately one third of all IDC cases,45–47 and 20 percent of patients with IDC have at least one first-degree relative with a decreased ejection fraction and cardiomegaly.45 Although IDC can be transmitted as a recessive or X-linked trait, autosomal dominant inheritance occurs most frequently and exhibits both clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity.48 It is unclear if this victim's IDC was due to inherited factors or due to post-viral myocarditis. In either case, first-degree relatives of this fire fighter should consult with their physicians regarding when, or if, an echocardiogram is warranted to screen for IDC.
IDC is often accompanied by conduction system disease and genetic studies have identified individual loci on chromosomes responsible for these cases.48 The reported conduction systems diseases associated with IDC are sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular conduction block (first-, second-, and third-degree), and atrial arrhythmias.48 Except for family history, no clinical or histopathological characteristics can distinguish familial from nonfamilial disease.35 Future molecular genetic studies may lead to the identification and treatment of asymptomatic carriers who are at risk for symptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy.48
It is unclear if a more timely EST could have identified his underlying condition.
Had the deceased's HCM or IDC been identified during the FD's periodic medical evaluation, would he have been denied employment as a fire fighter? Neither HCM or IDC is specifically addressed in NFPA 1582. However, it would most likely be considered a Category B Medical Condition, defined as "a medical condition that, based on its severity or degree, could (our emphasis) preclude a person from performing as a fire fighter in a training or emergency operational environment by presenting a significant risk to the safety and health of the person or others."
Had the deceased's HCM been identified, would this have prevented his death? Although a variety of symptoms and medical tests can provide prognostic information, patients at greatest risk of sudden death or in need of anti-arrhythmic therapy are hard to identify. Given the deceased's few above mentioned risk factors for sudden death, the low degree of efficacy of anti-arrhythmic agents and their numerous side effects, and the lack of symptoms in this fire fighter, it is unlikely that a diagnosis would have led to treatment. Therefore, it is unclear if his tragic sudden death would have been prevented even if his condition was identified.
HCM, IDC, or CAD/MI are all possibilities for his sudden cardiac death; the exact cause cannot be determined.
RECOMMENDATIONS AND DISCUSSION
The following recommendations address health and safety generally. This list includes some preventive measures that have been recommended by other agencies to reduce the risk of on-the-job heart attacks and sudden cardiac arrest among fire fighters. These recommendations have not been evaluated by NIOSH, but represent published research, or consensus votes of technical committees of the NFPA or fire service labor/ management groups.
Recommendation #1: Phase in a mandatory wellness/fitness program for fire fighters to reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease and improve cardiovascular capacity.
Physical inactivity is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for CAD in the United States. Additionally, physical inactivity, or lack of exercise, is associated with other risk factors, namely obesity and diabetes.49 NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, requires a wellness program that provides health promotion activities for preventing health problems and enhancing overall well-being.50 NFPA 1583, Standard on Health-Related Fitness Programs for Fire Fighters, provides the minimum requirements for a health-related fitness program.51 In 1997, the International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) and the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) published a comprehensive Fire Service Joint Labor Management Wellness/Fitness Initiative to improve fire fighter quality of life and maintain physical and mental capabilities of fire fighters. Ten fire departments across the United States joined this effort to pool information about their physical fitness programs and to create a practical fire service program. They produced a manual and a video detailing elements of such a program.52 The Fire Department and the Union should review these materials to identify applicable elements for their Department. Other large-city negotiated programs can also be reviewed as potential models. Wellness programs have been shown to be cost effective, typically by reducing the number of work-related injuries and lost work days.53–55 A similar cost savings has been reported by the wellness program at the Phoenix Fire Department, where a 12-year commitment has resulted in a significant reduction in their disability pension costs.56
Recommendation #2: Discontinue the routine use of annual chest x-rays unless specifically indicated.
According to NFPA 1582, "chest x-rays shall include an initial baseline and shall be repeated every 5 years or as medically indicated."27 The chest x-rays being conducted by the Fire Department expose incumbents to unnecessary radiation and represent an unnecessary expense for the Fire Department, and are not recommended by the OSHA Hazmat standard unless indicated.57
Recommendation #3: Continue providing mandatory annual medical evaluations to ALL fire fighters consistent with NFPA 1582 to determine their medical ability to perform duties without presenting a significant risk to the safety and health of themselves or others
Guidance regarding the content and frequency of periodic medical evaluations and examinations for fire fighters can be found in NFPA 1582, Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire Departments,27 and in the report of the International Association of Fire Fighters/International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFF/IAFC) wellness/fitness initiative.52 The Department is not legally required to follow any of these standards.
The success of medical programs hinges on protecting the affected fire fighter. The Department must 1) keep the medical records confidential, 2) provide alternate duty positions for fire fighters in rehabilitation programs, and 3) if the fire fighter is not medically qualified to return to active fire fighting duties, provide permanent alternate duty positions or other supportive and/or compensated alternatives.
The current annual medical evaluation program began in 2003 and was funded by a grant. The status of the program in 2004 is dependent on the budget.
1. Colucci WS and Braunwald E [1997]. Pathophysiology of heart failure. In: Braunwald (ed). Heart Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company, p. 401.
2. Armstrong WF and Feigenbaum H [2001]. Echocardiography. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P (eds). Heart Disease: A Text of Cardiovascular Medicine. 6th ed. Vol. 1. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company, p. 167.
3. Walker EM [2000]. Cardiovascular Pathology. World Wide Web (Accessed October 2003.) Available at: Http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html
4. Siegel RJ [1997]. Myocardial Hypertrophy. In: S. Bloom (ed). Diagnostic Criteria for Cardiovascular Pathology Acquired Diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Lippencott-Raven, pp. 55-57.
5. National Heart Lung Blood Institute [2004]. Obesity education initiative. World Wide Web (Accessed March 2004.) Available from http://www.nhlbisupport.com/bmi/bmicalc.htm
6. Meyerburg RJ, Castellanos A [2001]. Cardiovascular collapse, cardiac arrest, and sudden cardiac death. In: Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kapser DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 15th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 228-233.
7. AHA [1998]. AHA Scientific Position, Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association.
8. Jackson E, Skerrett PJ, and Ridker PM [2001]. Epidemiology of arterial thrombosis. In: Coleman RW, Hirsh J, Marder VIJ, et al. eds. Homeostasis and thrombosis: basic principles and clinical practice. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
9. Libby P [2001]. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In: Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 15th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, p. 1378.
10. Shah PK [1997]. Plaque disruption and coronary thrombosis: new insight into pathogenesis and prevention. Clin Cardiol 20 (11 Suppl2): II-38-44.
11. Fuster V, Badimon JJ, Badimon JH [1992]. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes. N Eng J Med 326:242-250.
12. Gledhill N, Jamnik, VK [1992]. Characterization of the physical demands of firefighting. Can J Spt Sci 17(3): 207-213.
13. Barnard RJ, Duncan HW [1975]. Heart rate and ECG responses of fire fighters. J Occup Med 17:247-250.
14. Manning JE, Griggs TR [1983]. Heart rate in fire fighters using light and heavy breathing equipment: Simulated near maximal exertion in response to multiple work load conditions. J Occup Med 25:215-218.
15. Lemon PW, Hermiston RT [1977]. The human energy cost of fire fighting. J Occup Med 19:558-562.
16. Smith DL, Petruzzello SJ, Kramer JM, et al. [1995]. Selected physiological and psychobiological responses to physical activity in different configurations of firefighting gear. Ergonomics 38(10):2065-2077.
17. Willich SN, Lewis M, Lowel H, et al. [1993]. Physical exertion as a trigger of acute myocardial infarction. N Eng J Med 329:1684-1690.
18. Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, et al. [1993]. Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. N Eng J Med 329:1677-1683.
19. Siscovick DS, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH, Lasky T [1984]. The incidence of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise. N Eng J Med 311:874-877.
20. Tofler GH, Muller JE, Stone PH, et al. [1992] Modifiers of timing and possible triggers of acute myocardial infarction in the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Phase II (TIMI II) Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 20:1049-1055.
21. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal [1971]. Ergonomics guide to assessment of metabolic and cardiac costs of physical work. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 560-564.
22. Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Leon AS, et al [1993]. Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 25(1):71-80.
23. Baker SJ, Grice J, Roby L, and Matthews C [2000]. Cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory response of working in fire-fighter protective clothing in a temperate environment. Ergonomics 43(9):1350-1358.
24. Dhurandhar RW, MacMillan RL, and Brown KWG [1970]. Primary ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 27:347-351.
25. Lown B, Fakhro AM, Hood WB Jr., and Thorn GW [1967]. The coronary care unit. JAMA 199(3):156-166.
26. Campbell RWF, Murray A, and Julian DG [1981]. Ventricular arrhythmias in first 12 hours of acute myocardial infarction. Br Heart J 46:351-357.
27. NFPA [2003]. Standard on comprehensive occupational medical program for fire departments. Quincy MA: National Fire Protection Association. NFPA 1582-2003.
28. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association [2002]. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for exercise testing: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Exercise Testing). Gibbons RJ, Balady GJ, Bricker JT, et al., eds. Bethesda, MD.
29. U.S. Department of Transportation [1987]. Medical advisory criteria for evaluation under 49 CFR Part 391.41 (http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/rulesregs/fmcsr/medical.htm). Conference on cardiac disorders and commercial drivers – FHWA-MC-88-040, December. Available at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/Pdfs/cardiac.pdf. Accessed May 2002.
30. Spirito P, Seidman CE, McKenna WJ, et. al. [1997]. The management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 336:775.
31. Synne J, Braunwald E [2001]. The cardiomyopathies and myocarditides. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P (eds). Heart Disease: A Text of Cardiovascular Medicine. 6th ed. Vol. 2. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company, pp. 1760-1774.
32. Olivotto I, Maron BJ, Montereggi A, et. al [1999]. Prognostic value of systemic blood pressure response during exercise in a community-based patient population with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 22:805.
33. McKenna WJ, Coccolo F, Elliott PM [1998]. Genes and disease expression in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Lancet 352:1162.
34. Virmani R [1997]. Cardiomyopathy, Idiopathic Dilated. In: S. Bloom (Ed.) Diagnostic Criteria for Cardiovascular Pathology Acquired Diseases. Philadelphia: Lippencott-Raven, pp. 26-27.
35. Dec, GW, Fuster V [1994]. Medical Progress: Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. N Eng J Med 331:1564-1575.
36. Codd MB, Sugrue DD, Gersh BJ, Melton LJ III [1989]. Epidemiology of idiopathic dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1975-1984. Circulation 80:564-572.
37. Gillum RF [1986]. Idiopathic cardiomyopathy in the United States, 1970-1982. Am Heart J 111:752-755.
38. Komajda M, Jais JP, Reeves F, et. al [1990]. Factors predicting mortality in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 11:824-831.
39. Sugrue DD, Rodeheffer RJ, Codd MB, et. al [1992]. The clinical course of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a population-based study. Ann Intern Med 117:117-123.
40. Diaz RA, Obasohan A, Oakley CM [1987]. Prediction of outcome in dilated cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J 58:393-399.
41. Fuster V, Gersh BJ, Giuliani ER, et. al [1981]. The natural history of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 47:525-531.
42. Di Lenarda A, Lardieri G, Mestroni L, et. al [1990]. Dilated cardiomyopathy: changing survival in the last 20 years. Circulation 82:Suppl III:III-387. abstract.
43. Ikram H, Williamson HG, Won M, et. al [1987]. The course of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in New Zealand. Br Heart J 57:521-527.
44. Manolio TA, Baughman KL, Rodeheffer R, et al [1992]. Prevalence and etiology of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (summary of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop). Am J Cardiol 69:1458-1466.
45. Michels VV, Moll PP, Miller FA, et al [1992]. The frequency of familial dilated cardiomyopathy in a series of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 326:77-82.
46. Keeling PJ, Gang Y, Smith G, et al [1995]. Familial dilated cardiomyopathy in the United Kingdom. Br Heart J 73:417-421.
47. Grunig E, Tasman JA, Kucherer H, et. al [1998]. Frequency and phenotypes of familial dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 31:186-94.
48. Fatkin D, MacRae C, Sasaki T, et. al [1999]. Missense mutations in the rod domain of the lamin a/c gene as causes of dilated cardiomyopathy and conduction-system disease. N Eng J Med 341:1715-1724.
49. Plowman SA and Smith DL [1997]. Exercise physiology: for health, fitness and performance. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
50. NFPA [1997]. Standard on fire department occupational safety and health program. Quincy MA: National Fire Protection Association. NFPA 1500-1997.
51. NFPA [2000]. Standard on health-related fitness programs for fire fighters. Quincy MA: National Fire Protection Association. NFPA 1583-2000.
52. IAFF, IAFC. [2000]. The fire service joint labor management wellness/fitness initiative. Washington, D.C.: International Association of Fire Fighters, International Association of Fire Chiefs.
53. Maniscalco P, Lane R, Welke M, Mitchell J, Husting L [1999]. Decreased rate of back injuries through a wellness program for offshore petroleum employees. J Occup Environ Med 41:813-820.
54. Stein AD, Shakour SK, Zuidema RA [2000]. Financial incentives, participation in employer sponsored health promotion, and changes in employee health and productivity: HealthPlus health quotient program. JOEM 42:1148-1155.
55. Aldana SG [2001]. Financial impact of health promotion programs: A comprehensive review of the literature. Am J Health Promot 15:296-320.
56. Unpublished data [1997]. City Auditor, City of Phoenix, AZ. Disability retirement program evaluation. Jan 28, 1997.
57. NIOSH [1993]. Occupational safety and health guidance manual for hazardous waste site activities. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 85-115.
INVESTIGATOR INFORMATION
This investigation was conducted by and the report written by Tommy N. Baldwin, MS, Safety and Occupational Health Specialist. Mr. Baldwin, a National Association of Fire Investigators (NAFI) Certified Fire and Explosion Investigator, an International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC) Certified Fire Officer I, and a Kentucky Certified Fire Fighter and Emergency Medical Technician (EMT), is with the NIOSH Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program, Cardiovascular Disease Component located in Cincinnati, Ohio.
This page was last updated on 11/17/04
home Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention
What's New expand
About the Program expand
Our Work, Reviewed
Safety Advisories
Investigations expand
Completed Investigations
Pending Investigations
Other Fire Fighter Fatality Resources


Agitate is a London-based music collective for young people affected by homelessness. Founded in 2017, the project aims to uncover and nurture the creative talent of young artists from diverse and marginalized backgrounds.
Agitate encourages its young artists to collaborate and inspire one another, providing a platform to develop and share their music.
We typically work with individuals who are or have been housed in a youth homeless hostel, however, we are open to those who have been labelled 'at risk' or are currently NEET.
We operate a mobile studio and hold sessions all across London, including shelters, youth hubs and secure settings.
For further information or if you would like to get involved, please contact us here.


Proper regulation of the transportation of dangerous goods by air, sea, and road is of utmost importance for many industries in UAE. As a rule in UAE, businesses engaged in the chemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical, and mining industries are most liable to send and receive dangerous goods.
Our team at Alma Cargo is focused on serving you with the best level of customer service and dangerous goods knowledge. The Staff at Alma Cargo are Dangerous Goods Certified providing a wide variety of services that help, support and reassures you with all aspects of handling dangerous goods.
Alma Cargo helps its customers reap the benefits of Dangerous Handling cargo transportation by all modes of international transport. Our specialists make optimal delivery routes taking into account cargo specifications and secure compliance with legal, technical and sanitary rules and regulations. We also offer a flexible pricing policy and maintain a high level of customer satisfaction.
We transport numerous shipments of large or small, with all the care and handle each shipment on an individual basis assuring all shipments are traced and maintained all the way to till delivery. Our Shipments are sent on a "first available flight" basis to guarantee the quickest possible transit times.
We ensure that all shipments that we handle undergo a comprehensive checking to assure that all shipments meet the required Dangerous good handling regulations. To ensure this, we offer the suitable documents and Packaging for clients; Regulation Packaging, Dangerous Goods Documentation Preparation, and also Provision of Dry Ice.


This is about carving the canyons of the urban grid. From the liquid-cooled Revolution X™ engine and confidence-inspiring ABS brakes to the nimble chassis and dialed-in suspension, the Harley-Davidson®Street® 500 model was built specifically to shred the city streets.
The fun starts when the light turns green.


Fractionated coconut oil is a fraction of coconut oil where the other fatty acids are separated from the oil for different uses. It is predominantly composed of saturated fatty acids, and it is rich in medium-chain fatty acids. Being rich in saturated fatty acids, it is highly stable. Human nature is such that it is never satisfied or contented. It is always looking for more.
Therefore, we started looking for a more stable form of oil which would be more beneficial for health as well, in addition to having a very long shelf life and all the qualities of coconut oil. The outcome was – "Fractionated Coconut Oil".
As the name implies, Fractionated coconut oil is a fraction of the coconut oil from which almost all the long chain triglycerides are removed, thus leaving mainly the medium-chain triglycerides and making it an absolutely saturated oil. This saturation gives it a very long shelf life and greatly increased stability.
For this, hydrolysis of coconut oil is first carried out. Then, the product is passed through steam distillation to obtain the fractionated coconut oil. The result is a thin oil full of medium-chain triglycerides.
Fractionated coconut oil is predominantly composed of Capric and Caprylic acids.
Being thin and stable, it has plenty of uses which can be broadly categorized in the following applications.
It is widely used in the preparation of soaps, lotions, ointments, and other cosmetics.
It is used as a carrier oil since it facilitates the absorption of other oils and herbal extracts.
It is used due to its antiseptic and disinfectant properties.
It is also used in a number of hair care applications.
It is used in cooking, as it does not go rancid easily and is very stable.
Since it involves a lot more processing (such as hydrolysis and steam distillation) than ordinary coconut oil, it is going to be slightly more expensive. However, the additional cost does have its own benefits and justifications. Keeping in mind it's extremely long shelf life, stability, and rancidity-resistant properties, it is well worth the price you pay.
Average rating 3.7 out of 5.0 based on 192 user(s).


text:
Where "Top of the Line" is on "Top of our Shelf"
Battle Lights
Beacons, Lights & Strobes
Combat ID
LASER's
Weaponsights
Free S&H on all purchases over $100.00
Steiner 9070 SPIR
9070 Special Purpose IR Battle Light
Part Number: 9070 (Black)
To Order by phone, please call (702) 324-6463 or email
***Call Today...Ship Today...Free Delivery***
*MILITARY & LE INCENTIVES AVAILABLE*
IR LED Illuminator
The Special Purpose IR LED illuminator (SPIR) is equipped with a high definition, asperical, telescopic LED illuminator. This eye-safe infrared device out performs all other tactical IR illumination tools for brightness and range.
Ideal for sniper, designated marksman, overwatch, counter-sniper and free protection operations, the SPIR allows the operator to take advantage of clip-on night vision technology by providing powerful IR illumination to the maximum range of the night vision device.
These Battle Sights are proudly Made in the USA
SPIR "Special Purpose IR"
MIL-STD 1913 Picatinny Rail
Constant-On
IR Output:
High = 600mW/Low = 300mW
1,000 Meters
IR Spectrum: 850nm
Battery Life: >2 Hours
Housing: High-Impact, Glass-Filled Polymer
Waterproof: Submersible to 5 Meters
Activation: Push-button or remote cable pressure pad
Weight: 6.5 oz w/Batteries
Batteries: (2) 123A 6-Volt Operation
Body Color: Black
LED Color: IR (Infrared)
Fits: Handguns or Long Guns w/Picatinny or Universal Rails
The SPIR can also be used in conjunction with night vision equipped spotting scopes, making low light and no light surveillance and reconnaissance much more precise and accurate.
The SPIR can be deployed as a handheld or weapon-mounted IR illuminator.
Weight 6.5 oz.
Submersible to 5 m
Note 1 Light Emitting Diodes (LED's)
An LED is a semiconductor chip that converts electrical energy directly into light. An LED is classified as a solid-state light source because it has no gas or liquid components, as do other light sources. The LED's in the MK3 Battle Light consists of an emitter chip mounted on a solid base; the chip is attached to electrical leads that conduct power to it, and it's encased in a clear polymer that is shaped to focus or disperse the LED's light in the desired manner.
LED's generally emit light within a narrow spectral band. In order to produce white light, which consists of nearly the entire visible spectrum combined, LED's that emit near-ultraviolet blue light that strikes an upper layer of phosphors are used. These phosphors absorb the blue light and re-emit white light, in much the same manner that fluorescent light tubes produce white light.
LED's possess tremendous advantages over incandescent lamps. First, LED's can last thousands of hours versus less than fifty hours for high-output incandescent lamps. Second, because LED's are very robust in construction, and have no delicate parts such as glass bulbs or filaments, they are extremely resistant to vibration and shock, making them well suited for the combat environment or for mounting on firearms. Third, white-light LED's produce virtually no invisible infrared radiation, as opposed to incandescent lamps, which emit over 85% of their output as infrared, and therefore LED's are much more efficient in producing light than incandescent lamps — an important factor for battery-operated flashlights. And fourth, they will emit light over a wide range of power input, making LED's the natural choice for variable-output light sources.
Most LED's emit from a flat surface, necessitating complex reflectors and lenses to produce desirable beam characteristics. Because LED's are susceptible to potential damage from overheating, they have certain thermal design requirements that dictate the maximum output possible from a given LED, and affect the overall configuration of the specific illumination tool. LED's are difficult to manufacture without some variance in lumen output and color. For this reason, they are tested and sorted by the manufacturer.
NV3 NOPTIC w/LED Bulb
EOTech HHS2
Steiner OTAL-Classic
Copyright © 2020 KERIF Night Vision


Cloud based products include: domain/website/email hosting, VOIP voice and messaging platforms, email list management, fax gateways, storage and disaster recovery services, and hosted applications or servers. These are delivered through industry leaders with substantial investment in infrastructure, professional staff, and survivability for your business essential services.
We have evaluated numerous providers over the years and are excited about the continuous evolution into the cloud. This has reduced infrastructure costs, time required to open new worksites, and greater ROI on more a utility model rather than a capex model.
Need Internet Access across Australia for mobile, home, SMB, or the largest of business? Having used nearly all reputable providers, we cannot speak highly enough of Internode. They are Australian based, supported locally, and really know their stuff – and are helpful when you need assistance. Check them out (mention "IMAGEOZ" in the promo code field, we'll give YOU $20 and assist if needed).
For VOIP and call handling systems, there are many cloud providers – however there are a few premium providers where the service "just works" – yet have service, support, and value. As there is no one-size-fits-all solution – contact us for a recommendation based on your circumstance.
Email and fax list management systems are critical for business communications. Getting the proper message to the correct recipient and tracking every action along the way to assist with conversion is paramount for success. There is a wide range of fax systems and cloud services – contact us for a recommendation based on your circumstance.
Need a fully managed cloud based server or custom platform – we work with Rackspace, Amazon, Telstra, Conexim, UltraServe and others in scoping, speccing, provisioning and getting launches services to power your business – contact us for a recommendation based on your circumstance.
More cloud based offerings hit the market regularly and we try to keep abreast of them and how they might help your business. See something interesting or found a provider we should know about – PLEASE, let us know!


Culinary District 5$ Off coupon codes 2018: free Culinary District 5$ Off promo codes updated to June 2018.
We have 50 districtlines.com Coupon Codes as of June 2018 Grab a free coupons and save money. The Latest Deal is 29% Off Your Order @ District Lines Coupon & Deals.
District5 is Lansing's Ultimate Trampoline Park..! 30,000 square feet of pure. awesomeness! 15,000 square feet of trampolines, trampoline dodgeball arena, slacklines, dunkhoops, and a World Class Aerial Ninja Obstacle Course!
If you don't see the final price change, you should contact District Lines for available of coupon code. District Lines Coupon Codes By Discount.
We feature (5) District 5 Boutique coupons, promo codes and deals for June 2018. Never miss a District 5 Boutique sale or online discount, updated daily.
Save up to 40% with these current District Lines coupons for June 2018. The latest districtlines.com coupon codes at CouponFollow.
Receive 15% savings sitewide, with our District Lines coupon. 5 GET PROMO CODE. This code from District Lines is valid through September 15. N GET PROMO CODE.
Best working District 5 Boutique Coupon Codes for May, 2018 found here at YourBestDeals. Save now by using these deals and coupon codes!
Use this 9 Active Coupons for District 5 Boutique promo code. At checkout page you can save 0 to 90% discount for all brands by using our coupon code. Last update on 21 June 2018.
Get 1 Rockford Park District coupon codes and promo codes at CouponBirds. Click to enjoy the latest deals and coupons of Rockford Park District and save up to $15 when making purchase at checkout.
We have 8 districtf5ve.com Coupon Codes as of June 2018 Grab a free coupons and save money. The Latest Deal is Up To 10% Off District F5VE Items + Free P&P.
Get free District Lines coupon codes, deals, promo codes and gifts. Get savings with valid districtlines.com Official promotional codes from CouponArea.com.
Today's favorite 6 district5boutique.com Coupon Code for June 2018:Get 65% Off . And there are 6 newest Promo codes at Dealscove.
Click and save big with latest 9 District 5 best coupon codes & promo codes. Today's top deal: 52% off.
District5, Lansing, Michigan. 28K likes. Multiple schools closed today and not nearly enough staff terrible disorganiz ation on district 5 for today.
© Free location coupons Incorp coupon | Promo Codes & Deals 2018 District 5 coupon code.


text:
package org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.events;

import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.HMSHandler;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.Database;

/**
 * Database read event
 */
public class PreReadDatabaseEvent extends PreEventContext {
  private final Database db;

  public PreReadDatabaseEvent(Database db, HMSHandler handler) {
    super(PreEventType.READ_DATABASE, handler);
    this.db = db;
  }

  /**
   * @return the db
   */
  public Database getDatabase() {
    return db;
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Receive unlimited access to arborist and business advisors.
Plus, our accounting, loss control, marketing, and membership staff are accessible for your questions. TCIA also provides personal assistance on OSHA, DOT and regulatory compliance questions.
Access TCIA's online member directory and network with other tree care professionals around the country.
Become part of TCIA's vast network of tree care companies and industry resources!
Join our niche networking groups and participate in targeted discussions with members from around the country.
With groups like our Families in Business Facebook Group, Storm Response Network and Young Business Leaders Facebook Group (just to name a few), we've got something for everyone.
TCIA's Members' Only content, featuring a variety of resources and tools, like the popular TCIA Business Management Guide, customizable marketing materials, business templates, TCIA member logos, and more.
Receive a free business or safety product in the members-only Reporter publication each month.
Receive a series of mailings during your first year with TCIA that provide a robust introduction to TCIA's business, safety and arboriculture resources.
From the ANSI standards to the latest publications, utilize tools such as our Business Management Guide to run your business safely, efficiently and successfully.
We're your association. Stay updated on personalized and regional events, mentoring opportunities, and feedback opportunities for you. Meet the Regional Outreach Coordinators (ROC) in your area, who are your local resource to best utilize your TCIA membership benefits.
Take advantage of our tools and training like our Pocket Guides so you can stay safe and go home to your family and friends at the end of the day.
Enjoy deep discounts (including a bonus 15% off coupon) on training, educational materials and other valuable tools.
From videos to radio ads, use our materials to reach the customers you want.
TCIA hosts TCI EXPO, the world's largest tree care conference and trade show, a Winter Management Business Conference and The Arborist Safety Training Institute. Enjoy member-only savings and deep discounts for all TCIA related events and an opportunity to host grant funded safety training workshops.
You need customers. Use our targeted materials to find, keep and impress them.
We want to hear from you. When you participate in our member survey, we all win!
Create a culture of safety in your workplace with our Certified Tree Care Safety Program.
Our tools will help you prepare for, stay safe during, and recover after an emergency.
Our business growth program will help strengthen the foundation of your business and construct a successful future.
Apply for up to five free listings in our online consumer search database so new customers in your target market can find your services.
All TCIA members have access to the program's many business tools, from customer service to marketing and management systems.
Member discounts on events, training, educational materials, apparel and other valuable tools.
Deep discounts on the Accreditation program and Certified TreeCare Safety Professional (CTSP) program.
TCIA Affinity Partners offer discounts on arborist supplies, web services, or legal services, plus receive credits toward your future TCIA dues.
Use TCIA's ArborMAX® Insurance partnership, which offers favorable rates on workers compensation coverage to companies with a CTSP.
TCIA offers our members this exclusive group purchasing discount program, TCIA Member Discounts .
1. Member Companies can utilize these benefits at the company level to control costs associated with travel, supplies and more.
2. Employees of Member Companies can utilize the entertainment and travel benefits for personal use.
Receive two monthly members-only publications to keep you current with relevant topics in safety, training, management, and industry news.
Receive a subscription to TCI Magazine, the official publication of the tree care industry.
Receive email Member Alerts from TCIA on breaking news related to safety, business, government and more.
TCIA will post your information in our online database when you send us your company description (including services offered, zip code and logo) which consumers access to find tree care businesses in their area.
You have authorized use of the TCIA Member logo to distinguish your business from the competition in your company's yellow page advertisements, websites, print ads, and other customer communications. Displaying the member logo indicates to the public that your company has made an investment in an organization that is dedicated to promoting safety and professional business practices.
These are just a few of the tools designed to help you grow your business. Become a TCIA member and discover what over 2,000 tree care companies already know!


We'll be running Happy hour prices on New Belgium Beers and your first New Belgium Purchase will include a free New Belgium Pint glass. Also, you can get a sampler tray of all six New Belgium Beers for only $7. As always there will be other give aways and New Belgium swag to take home. So invite a friend and come join us at downtown for some fun.


152—it's no small number. That's the number of times you would have to walk around the earth to match the number of steps EMHS employees have walked since the start of the Virgin Pulse health program in January 2016. Employees have tallied up more than 20 billion steps and counting! They're not just walking down hospital corridors or on walkways around buildings, but up mountains.
"This is the second year we've done this hike," explained Paul Bolin, EMHS vice president and chief human resources officer. Paul led a group of about 20 employees on a fall hike up Penobscot and Sargent Mountains in Acadia National Park on September 16.
Paul is among a group of employees who not only chooses to exercise in their free time, but likes to involve co-workers. "I think it is part of our culture. Many of our employees enjoy doing things outside of work with their co-workers and this is just one outlet for that, but certainly Virgin Pulse puts a finer point on those regarding wellness initiatives," explained Paul.
Less than two years since its launch, roughly 70 percent of all employees have signed up for Virgin Pulse along with 26 percent of known spouses for a total of more than 8,300 people. Over the course of 2017, participants have averaged about 8,100 steps per month. The goal for the fourth quarter is to get those steps up to 8,600, edging ever closer to the legendary 10,000 steps.
The Virgin Pulse program is available to all full and part-time employees and their spouses/domestic partners. Spouses and domestic partners are eligible for the same cash rewards. For more information on how to join, visit www.join.virginpulse.com/EMHS.


text:
De grijsborstsabelvleugel (Campylopterus largipennis) is een vogel uit de familie Trochilidae (kolibries).

Verspreiding en leefgebied
Deze soort komt voor in het Amazonebekken en telt drie ondersoorten:
 C. l. largipennis: oostelijk Venezuela, de Guiana's en noordelijk Brazilië.
 C. l. obscurus: noordoostelijk Brazilië.
 C. l. aequatorialis: van oostelijk Colombia en noordwestelijk Brazilië tot noordelijk Bolivia.

Externe link
Avibase

Kolibries
IUCN-status niet bedreigd
Dier uit het Neotropisch gebied