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Shaken-Not-Stirred Blogging...
Essential Reading on the Bushies: Mark Danner in NYRB
More Essential Reading on the Bushies: Mark Danner in NYRB
Essesntial reading on the Bush administration. More from Mark Danner:
TomDispatch - Tomgram: Mark Danner, How a War of Unbound Fantasies Happened: Consider, for example, this... typical discussion in the White House in April 2003.... American forces are in Baghdad but the capital is engulfed by a wave of looting and disorder, with General Tommy Franks's troops standing by. The man in charge of the occupation, Lt. Gen. (ret.) Jay Garner, has just arrived "in-country." Secretary of State Colin Powell has come to the Oval Office to discuss the occupation with the President, who is joined by Condoleezza Rice, then his national security adviser. Powell began, writes Woodward, by raising "the question of unity of command" in Iraq:
There are two chains of command, Powell told the president. Garner reports to Rumsfeld and Franks reports to Rumsfeld. The president looked surprised.
'That's not right,' Rice said. 'That's not right.'
Powell thought Rice could at times be pretty sure of herself, but he was pretty sure he was right.
'Yes, it is,' Powell insisted.
'Wait a minute,' Bush interrupted, taking Rice's side. 'That doesn't sound right.'
Rice got up and went to her office to check. When she came back, Powell thought she looked a little sheepish. 'That's right,' she said....
Powell's patient -- too patient -- explanation to the President:
You have to understand that when you have two chains of command and you don't have a common superior in the theater, it means that every little half-assed fight they have out there, if they can't work it out, comes out to one place to be resolved. And that's in the Pentagon. Not in the NSC or the State Department, but in the Pentagon.
The kernel of an answer to... how could U.S. officials repeatedly and consistently make such ill-advised and improbably stupid decisions, beginning with their lack of planning for "the postwar" -- can be found in this little chamber play... [with] at least two thirds of the cast... incapable of comprehending.... The Iraq occupation would have all the weaknesses of two chains of command, weaknesses that would become all too apparent in a matter of days, when Lt. General Ricardo Sanchez, the junior three-star in the entire Army, replaced General Franks and L. Paul Bremer replaced Garner, leaving the occupation in the hands of two officials who despised one another and hardly spoke.... We hear again the patient explanation of Powell... letting Woodward (but this time not the President) know of his certainty that "the Pentagon wouldn't resolve the conflicts because Wolfowitz and Feith were running their own little games and had their own agenda to promote Chalabi."...
Donald Rumsfeld's dream of a "demonstration model" war of quick, overwhelming victory did not foresee an extended occupation... envisioned rapid victory and rapid departure. Wolfowitz and the other Pentagon neoconservatives, on the other hand, imagined a "democratic transformation." a thoroughgoing social revolution.... How to resolve this contradiction?... Chalabi....
Alas, there was one problem: the confirmed idealist in the White House "was adamant that the United States not be seen as putting its thumb on the scales" of the nascent Iraqi democracy. Chalabi, for all his immense popularity in the Pentagon and in the Vice President's office, would not be installed as president of Iraq.... [Risen] goes on:
Once Bush quashed the Pentagon's plans, the administration failed to develop any acceptable alternative.... Instead, once the Pentagon realized the president wasn't going to let them install Chalabi, the Pentagon leadership did virtually nothing. After Chalabi, there was no Plan B.... "Part of the reason the planning for post-Saddam Iraq was so nonexistent was that the State Department had been saying if you invade, you have to plan for the postwar. And DOD said, no you don't. You can set up a provisional government in exile around Chalabi. DOD had a stupid plan, but they had a plan. But if you don't do that plan, and you don't make the Pentagon work with State to develop something else, then you go to war with no plan."...
In his account Woodward... [chooses] with typically impeccable political timing, to place Donald Rumsfeld in the role of mustache-twirling villain... truculent, arrogant, vain, has shown himself perfectly willing to play his part in this familiar Washington morality tale.... The Fall of Rumsfeld gives pace and drive to Woodward's narrative.... Irresistible as Rumsfeld is, however, the story of the Iraq war disaster springs less from his brow than from that of an inexperienced and rigidly self-assured president who managed to fashion, with the help of a powerful vice-president, a strikingly disfigured process of governing.
Woodward... interested in character and personal rivalry [not in] government bureaus and hierarchies, refers to this process broadly as "the interagency."... He means the governing apparatus set up by the National Security Act of 1947... the National Security Council, and gave to the president a special assistant for national security affairs (commonly known as the national security adviser) and a staff to manage, coordinate, and control it.... Ron Suskind, who has been closely studying the inner workings of the Bush administration since his revealing piece about Karl Rove and John Dilulio in 2003... observes that "the interagency" not only serves to convey information and decisions but also is intended to perform a more basic function:
Sober due diligence, with an eye for the way previous administrations have thought through a standard array of challenges facing the United States, creates, in fact, a kind of check on executive power and prerogative.
This is precisely what the President didn't want.... Woodward tends to blame "the broken policy process" on the relative strength of personalities gathered around the cabinet table: the power and ruthlessness of Rumsfeld, the legendary "bureaucratic infighter"; the weakness of Rice, the very function and purpose of whose job, to let the President both benefit from and control the bureaucracy, was in effect eviscerated. Suskind, more convincingly, argues that Bush and Cheney constructed precisely the government they wanted: centralized, highly secretive, its clean, direct lines of decision unencumbered by information or consultation. "There was never any policy process to break, by Condi or anyone else," Richard Armitage, the former deputy secretary of state, remarks to Suskind. "There was never one from the start. Bush didn't want one, for whatever reason."...
If the sober consideration of history and facts stood in the way of bold action then it would be the history and the facts that would be discarded.... Information, history, and all the other attributes of a deliberative policy may inhibit action but they do so by weighing and calculating risk.... Rumsfeld... knew only that he wanted a quick victory and a quick departure.... [Rumsfeld] sent... Larry DiRita, to the Kuwait City Hilton to brief the tiny, miserable, understaffed, and underfunded team led by the retired General Garner.... DiRita's "Hilton Speech" as quoted to Woodward by an army colonel, Paul Hughes:
"We went into the Balkans and Bosnia and Kosovo and we're still in them.... We're probably going to wind up in Afghanistan for a long time because the Department of State can't do its job right. Because they keep screwing things up, the Department of Defense winds up being stuck at these places. We're not going to let this happen in Iraq."
The reaction was generally, Whoa! Does this guy even realize that half the people in the room are from the State Department? DiRita went on, as Hughes recalled: "By the end of August we're going to have 25,000 to 30,000 troops left in Iraq."
DiRita spoke these words as, a few hundred miles away, Baghdad and the other major cities of Iraq were taken up in a thoroughgoing riot of looting and pillage... that would virtually destroy the country's infrastructure, and with it much of the respect Iraqis might have had for American competence. The uncontrolled violence engulfed Iraq's capital and major cities for weeks as American troops -- 140,000 or more -- mainly sat on their tanks, looking on. If attaining true political authority depends on securing a monopoly on legitimate violence, then the Americans would never achieve it in Iraq. There were precious few troops to impose order, and hardly any military police. No one gave the order to arrest or shoot looters or otherwise take control of the streets. Official Pentagon intentions at this time seem to have been precisely what the secretary of defense's special assistant said they were: to have all but 25,000 or so of those troops out of Iraq in five months or less....
Within weeks of that meeting in the Kuwait Hilton, L. Paul Bremer arrived in Baghdad, replacing Garner, who had been fired after less than a month in Iraq. On Bremer's first full day "in-country," in Woodward's telling.... "'We can't do this,' Garner said."... Garner headed immediately to Bremer's office, where the new occupation leader was just settling in.... Garner gets on the phone and appeals to the secretary of defense, who tells him -- and this will be a leitmotif in Woodward's book -- that the matter is out of his hands. "'This is not coming from this building,' [Rumsfeld] replied. 'That came from somewhere else.' Garner presumed that meant the White House, NSC or Cheney. According to other participants, however, the de-Baathification order was purely a Pentagon creation. Telling Garner it came from somewhere else, though, had the advantage for Rumsfeld of ending the argument."
Such tactics are presumably what mark Rumsfeld as a "skilled bureaucratic infighter."... In Bremer's telling, Feith gave him the draft order, emphasizing "the political importance of the decree": "We've got to show all the Iraqis that we're serious about building a New Iraq. And that means that Saddam's instruments of repression have no role in that new nation."... Again Bremer tells Garner that he has his orders. The discussion attains a certain unintended comedy when the proconsuls go on to discuss the Iraqi Ministry of the Interior, which Bremer has also announced he will abolish:
'You can't get rid of the Ministry of the Interior,' Garner said.
'Why not?'
'You just made a speech yesterday and told everybody how important the police force is.'
'It is important.'
'All the police are in the Ministry of the Interior,' Garner said. 'If you put this out, they'll all go home today.'
On hearing this bit of information, we are told, Bremer looked "surprised" -- an expression similar, no doubt, to Rice's when she and the President learned from the secretary of state that the civilian occupation authority would not be reporting to the White House but to the Pentagon....
[W]ithin the Pentagon there coexisted at least two visions of what the occupation of Iraq was to be: the quick victory, quick departure view of Rumsfeld, and the broader, ideologically driven democratic transformation of Iraqi society championed by the neoconservatives. The two views had uneasily intersected, for a time, in the alluring person of Ahmad Chalabi.... With a Chalabi coronation taken off the table by President Bush, however, determined officials with a direct line to Bremer were transforming the Iraq adventure into a long-term, highly ambitious occupation. Presumably as Garner woke up on May 17, reflecting that "the US now had at least 350,000 more enemies than it had the day before -- the 50,000 Baathists [and] the 300,000 officially unemployed soldiers," he could take satisfaction in having managed, by his last-minute efforts, to persuade Bremer to "excise the Ministry of Interior from the draft [order] so the police could stay"...
Impeach George W. Bush. Impeach him now.
November 22, 2006 at 23:28 | Permalink | Comments (13)


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North Korea sanctions are strangling this Chinese city
by Matt Rivers and Steven Jiang @CNNMoney January 25, 2018: 5:09 PM ET
North Korea sanctions are strangling this town in China
Empty shops. Failing businesses. And bored North Korean officials drinking their days away.
These are the stories being told on the streets of Dandong -- a gritty, frozen city on the banks of the Yalu River, which separates China and North Korea.
For decades, Dandong has been a key trading hub that helped the North Korean regime cash in on China's spectacular economic rise. But now it's suffering as President Trump, alarmed by the rapid development of Kim Jong Un's nuclear weapons program, presses Chinese President Xi Jinping to squeeze North Korea's sources of revenue.
Related: U.S. targets North Korea through China and Russia
Conversations last week with traders, store owners and Dandong residents with ties to North Korea painted a picture of a local economy showing signs of severe stress. Most of the people who talked to CNN suggested the most recent U.N. sanctions against North Korea could deal a devastating blow to an already struggling region.
None were willing to speak on the record for fear of reprisal. Speaking to foreign news organizations about the sensitive China-North Korea relationship in general -- and the impact of recent sanctions in particular -- can bring repercussions, economic and otherwise, from Chinese government officials.
It's all about the sanctions
We spoke with Mr. Liao, a chain-smoking Dandong businessman, near the river. He requested that CNN not use his real name.
"In the beginning, I was importing coal from North Korea," he said, through a haze of smoke. "But then China banned coal imports last year."
In early September, China said it stopped processing North Korean coal shipments in order to implement sanctions passed by the U.N. Security Council in August.
Liao's attempts to shift his business into other commodities quickly failed.
"Mineral products, seafood, agricultural products -- basically all imports have been banned," he said. "I told myself, I'm toast."
Liao's list includes several key revenue sources for North Korea that were targeted by three different rounds of sanctions in 2017. On top of bans on goods, restrictions were also placed on everything from North Korean laborers working overseas to joint ventures with North Korean companies.
The cumulative effect in Dandong has been dramatic and swift, according to several business owners who spoke to CNN.
"I'm in a state of forced retirement," said one woman who has been trading with North Korea for over a decade. "I may have to let my employees go soon."
Related: North Korean ship caught likely violating sanctions, Japan says
A previously bustling row of stores catering to North Korean buyers was almost deserted over a period of several days last week. That's a stark change from what CNN has observed there during several trips to Dandong over the past two years.
The area is known as "Koryo Street," a nickname referencing a dynasty that ruled the Korean peninsula in the Middle Ages. Not long ago, the street was filled with North Korean buyers, eager to sell back home.
"The North Koreans have disappeared," said one shop owner on the block.
Dandong's "Koryo Street," once teeming with North Korean buyers, is now largely deserted with many shuttered storefronts.
One resident in close contact with North Korean commercial diplomats told CNN that they are now at a loose end because many of the business interests they represent have been forced to return home.
"They spend almost their entire days in a restaurant, playing cards and eating and drinking," she said. "There's not much for them to do."
From slack to strict
China is North Korea's dominant trading partner. It has long been criticized by the U.S. and other governments for not strictly enforcing sanctions against the regime in Pyongyang.
The widely held explanation is that Communist China values North Korea as a strategic buffer against a robust U.S. military presence in South Korea and Japan. Officials fear cutting off economic ties that could destabilize the North Korean regime.
A collapse could lead to a refugee crisis on China's border -- and even a unified Korea under a pro-U.S. South Korean government.
Related: 49 countries have been busting sanctions on North Korea, report says
But China has grown angry of late with Kim's persistent testing of nuclear bombs and ballistic missiles. Beijing now sees North Korea's nuclear weapons program as the greatest threat to stability in the region and a risk to the safety and health of Chinese citizens in the region near the two countries' border.
"The U.N. has been sanctioning North Korea forever, but China had never really enforced them," said Mr. Liao. "But this time, China is taking it seriously."
His comments echo earlier remarks from Chinese leaders. Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in August that "China more than anyone will pay a price" for implementing the sanctions.
A truck traveling to China from North Korea over a cross-border bridge in Dandong. Truck traffic across the border has dropped since the latest implementation of the U.N. sanctions against Pyongyang.
Trade in goods between China and North Korea was down more than 50% in December from a year earlier, according to official Chinese data. The trend is likely to continue this year.
The sharp decline reflects deadlines set by the U.N. for countries to begin enforcing sanctions. But there are big question marks over the reliability of the Chinese data.
China abruptly stopped reporting how much crude oil it sells to North Korea several years ago even though the fuel is widely known to still be flowing through a pipeline across the border.
Some businesses still dodging sanctions
Critics, including Trump, argue that China could still be doing more to squeeze North Korea's economy.
For example, China has yet to fully crack down on the widespread smuggling operations along its porous 880-mile border with North Korea. The North Korean regime is believed to profit from the activities.
In September, CNN witnessed illegal North Korean seafood being sold openly on streets in the city of Hunchun, another town close to the border.
Related: North Korean crabs in China show challenge facing Trump
And in Dandong, there are still businesses targeted by the sanctions that are trying to stay open.
One popular category of joint Chinese-North Korean business ventures was restaurants, largely staffed by North Korean workers.
Estimates vary, but most experts agree that the restaurants generated, at a minimum, tens of millions of dollars for the North Korean regime each year.
Most of the ones in Dandong appear to have shuttered after the latest sanctions went into effect. But at least one North Korean-linked restaurant remains open.
One customer who was inside told CNN that he was told he could only pay in cash. Chinese banks had dropped clients with North Korean ties, he was told, and credit card transactions could be traced by the government.
North Korean crabs sold in China despite ban
Even if Chinese authorities crack down even harder on trade with North Korea, experts say it's far from guaranteed that it will compel the regime in Pyongyang to give up on its nuclear program. And while sanctions could take years to really make Kim and his top officials sweat, North Korea's weapons technology is leaping ahead at a far quicker pace.
A region in crisis
For Dandong, though, the waves of sanctions could not have come at a worse time.
The entire region of northeastern China, including Liaoning province where Dandong lies, is in the midst of a painful period of transition.
Heavy industries like steel have taken a hit in recent years. Bloated state-owned companies are laden with debt and burdened by overcapacity. The Chinese government is laying off hundreds of thousands of industrial workers.
Dandong hasn't been spared. Despite its reputation as a trading hub, manufacturing is still one of the city's largest industries. Dandong's economy shrank 2.2% in 2016, the latest year for which relevant economic data was available.
Related: U.S. warns Hong Kong over North Korea smuggling, money laundering
Instead of helping prop up the struggling region, trade across the North Korean border is now dragging it down further.
Dandong's links to North Korea have brought it other headaches. One of the local lenders, Bank of Dandong, was singled out for U.S. financial sanctions last year.
And in another sign of stress, the company that runs the city's port defaulted on its debt late last year.
A North Korean fishing boat heading home on the Yalu River, which separates the country from China.
Seven local businesspeople who spoke to CNN had varying opinions on what's in store for the rest of this year. Some, like Liao, were pessimistic.
"There is nothing to do anymore," he said. "My company probably won't last long, either."
Others said they were hoping that the situation might improve as a result of the recent talks between North and South Korea and the potential goodwill from the upcoming Winter Olympics in the South.
Experts say that China has in the past enforced sanctions for a period of time, in order to send a message to the North Korean regime, and then slackened off.
Related: Ex-North Korean spy recounts Olympic plot to blow up plane
The Dandong resident with ties to North Korean diplomats said this crisis is more serious than anything she's ever seen before. But she's taking a wait and see approach.
"Perhaps things will return to a normal state if the talks between the Koreas go well," she said.
There was uniform response, though, when CNN tried to ask each resident in the Koryo Street neighborhood about the international politics behind their current woes. Who is most responsible, for instance? Trump, Kim or Xi?
No one would go there.
"I want to say ..." one man began before he was cut off by his wife.
"You crazy?" she snapped. "There's nothing to say."
CNNMoney (Dandong, China) First published January 25, 2018: 5:09 PM ET
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: How do I get output of "top" command using Python Fabric? I am trying to automate monitoring services on remote host using Python Fabric from a host.
I am able to get details from the remote servers using many of the Linux command using Fabric but the scripts fails getting the output of "top" , systemctl and few other commands.
My code is as below
#!/usr/bin/env python
from fabric import Connection
c = Connection(host = 'root@172.30.205.61', connect_kwargs={'password' : 'Password!234'})
print('')
print('Output of Top command')
print('')
c.run('top')

I get the below error.
TERM environment variable not set.

Output of Top command

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./monitoring.py", line 11, in <module>
    c.run('top')
  File "<decorator-gen-3>", line 2, in run
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\fabric\connection.py", line 30, in opens
    return method(self, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\fabric\connection.py", line 725, in run
    return self._run(self._remote_runner(), command, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\invoke\context.py", line 102, in _run
    return runner.run(command, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\fabric\runners.py", line 72, in run
    return super(Remote, self).run(command, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\invoke\runners.py", line 379, in run
    return self._run_body(command, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\invoke\runners.py", line 441, in _run_body
    return self.make_promise() if self._asynchronous else self._finish()
  File "C:\Users\ganguly\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\invoke\runners.py", line 508, in _finish
    raise UnexpectedExit(result)
invoke.exceptions.UnexpectedExit: Encountered a bad command exit code!

Command: 'top'

Exit code: 1

Stdout: already printed

Stderr: already printed

A: Add argument pty=True
connection.run("top", hide=False, pty=True)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home World News Yemen: First commercial flight out of Sanaa in six years postponed
Yemen: First commercial flight out of Sanaa in six years postponed
by admin April 24, 2022 0 comment
The first commercial flight out of Yemen's rebel-held capital in six years was indefinitely postponed on Sunday in a blow to an already fragile truce in the country's grinding conflict, as rival sides traded blame for the flight postponement.
The Sanaa-Amman flight had been planned as part of the United Nations-brokered truce agreement that the internationally-recognised government and the Houthi rebels struck earlier this month.
The 60-day truce, which went into effect on April 2, came amid concerted international and regional efforts to find a settlement to the conflict that devastated the Arab world's poorest country and pushed it to the brink of famine.
The Saudi-led military coalition launched a war in early 2015 in support of the internationally-recognised President Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi, who was forced into exile months after the Iranian-backed Houthis seized Sanaa and much of northern Yemen.
In recent years, the conflict has become a regional proxy war that has left more than 150,000 people dead, including at least 14,500 civilians. It has also created one of the worst humanitarian crises in the world.
As part of the truce, the two sides agreed to operate two commercial flights a week to and from Sanaa to Jordan and Egypt. Sanaa is blockaded by the Saudi-led coalition preventing supplies of essential goods, including life-saving medicines.
However, both sides failed to agree on operating the flight more than three weeks after the truce took effect. They have traded blame for the failure.
Calling it a "violation" of the truce, authorities in Sanaa said the flight was postponed after being denied the necessary permits from the Saudi-led coalition.
In Houthi-controlled Sanaa, the deputy head of civil aviation, Raed Talib Jabal, said the coalition's refusal to permit Sunday's flight was "a violation of the truce" that began earlier this month.
"The coalition of aggression deliberately seeks to double the suffering of the Yemeni people, while seeking to mislead international public opinion about the humanitarian file," he said.
Yemen's government blamed the Iran-backed Houthi rebels for the postponement, claiming they had tried to "smuggle" members of the Revolutionary Guards and Lebanese armed group Hezbollah onto the flight.
Moammar al-Eryani, information minister of the internationally-recognised government, said the Houthis did not adhere to the agreement by providing passengers with passports issued by the rebels, which it has not recognised since March 2017.
He said the government allowed the travel of 104 passengers on the Sanaa-Amman flight, but the Houthis insisted on adding 60 more passengers "with unreliable passports" using "fake names and forged documents".
The flight "faltered due to the Houthi terrorist militia's non-compliance with the agreement stipulating the approval of passports issued by the legitimate government", al-Eryani said.
A spokesman for the Houthis did not respond to a request for comment.
UN special envoy to Yemen Hans Grundberg voiced concern over the delay and urged the parties to work with his office "to find a solution that allows the flights to resume as planned".
A renewable two-month truce that went into effect in early April "is meant to benefit civilians including through reducing violence, making fuel available, and improving their freedom of movement to, from and within their country", he said on Sunday.
Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) also expressed "deep disappointment" at the flight cancellation.
"This would have been a first small but important step towards long-lasting stability in Yemen. It is also a life-saver for tens of thousands of medical patients who desperately need urgent treatment abroad," NRC Yemen Country Director Erin Hutchinson said in a statement.
"We hope both parties stick to their truce commitments, including allowing flights out of Sana'a airport and opening roads to Taiz and other governorates."
The plane, operated by national carrier Yemenia, was expected to take off from the government-controlled southern port city of Aden, stop off in Sanaa, and take passengers in need of medical treatment to Jordan's capital Amman.
But hours before the flight, the airline said "it has not yet received operating permits". It expressed "deep regret to the travellers for not being allowed to operate" the long-awaited flight.
Yemenia added that it hoped "all problems will be overcome in the near future", without specifying a date.
The flight postponement was a setback for a truce deal that has provided a rare respite from violence in much of the country, and has also seen fuel tankers begin arriving at the port of Hodeidah, potentially easing fuel shortages in Sanaa and elsewhere.
In another potentially hopeful sign, Yemen's President Hadi on April 7 handed his powers to a new leadership council tasked with holding peace talks with the Houthis.
The airport in Sanaa has been closed to commercial traffic since August 2016 when air attacks disrupted service to the city.
Aid flights continue to land in Sanaa, although service has periodically halted.
The pause of commercial flights has prevented "thousands of sick Yemeni civilians from seeking urgent medical treatment outside the country", humanitarian groups CARE and NRC said last August.
They also cited "economic losses estimated to be in the billions".
Daily flights out of Aden as well as the eastern city of Seiyun fly both domestically and to other countries in the region.
(Al Jazeera)
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April 18, 2019 Author - Camille DungyGuggenheim Fellowship
Camille Dungy, image credit Rachel Eliza Griffiths
Camille Dungy, a professor in CSU's Department of English, has won another major honor: a Guggenheim Fellowship.
On April 9, the Board of Trustees of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation named Dungy among the 168 scholars, artists and writers to receive the fellowship this year. Appointed on the basis of prior achievement and exceptional promise, the successful candidates were chosen from a group of almost 3,000 applicants in the Foundation's 95th competition.
"Camille Dungy has already distinguished herself as a major poet and essayist," said Louann Reid, head of the Department of English. "Receiving the prestigious Guggenheim award raises her to prominence among outstanding writers who have been U.S. Poets Laureate, recipients of the National Book Award and Nobel Prize winners. This well-deserved award not only recognizes Camille but also increases the prestige of the CSU Creative Writing Program."
"This honor means more than I can easily put into words," Dungy said. "So many of my heroes are also Guggenheim Fellows, and to be honored in this same way feels like a culmination of a great deal of hard work."
Read the rest of this article on Source.
National Poetry Month: New Poetry from the Mountain West Poetry Series


text:
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New Releases for September 1, 2017
CDs + Vinyl:
Anubis Gate – Covered In Black CD (Nightmare)
Ranging from classical chamber music, '70s prog and extending to thrash, with very eastern influences popping up, this is an album that is best heard as one piece, even if the individual tracks can stand on their own.
The Babe Rainbow – The Babe Rainbow CD/LP+MP3 (30th Century/Columbia)
Australia's The Babe Rainbow have signed to 30th Century Records, the label spearheaded by Danger Mouse, for the release of their debut self-titled album. Recorded in "magicland" Byron Bay where the band is based, and produced by Stu Mackenzie of King Gizzard And The Lizard Wizard, The Babe Rainbow's first LP is The album is a psychedelic feel-good romp that occasionally crosses over into strangeness and then back into a generally uplifting vibe.
John Beasley – MONK'estra, Vol. 2 CD (Mack Avenue)
Composer-arranger-pianist John Beasley uses Monk's spontaneous movements and experiences as the basis for conducting radically reconceived versions of the late composer's music for his critically acclaimed big band project, MONK'estra.
Blindwish – Good Excuses CD (Rise)
Blindwish is a new up and coming post hardcore band from Dallas.
Nick Cave & Warren Ellis – Wind River [OST] CD (Lakeshore)
Written and directed by Taylor Sheridan, Wind River is a chilling thriller that follows a rookie FBI agent (Elizabeth Olsen) who teams up with a local game tracker with deep community ties and a haunted past (Jeremy Renner) to investigate the murder of a local girl on a remote Native American Reservation in the hopes of solving her mysterious death. The film features a sublime original motion picture soundtrack by Nick Cave and Warren Ellis (Hell Or High Water, Lawless, The Assassination Of Jesse James). [Vinyl edition due September 8.]
Cloud Control – Zone CD (Votiv)
"While all the haircut bands and leg-shaving electronic 'artistes' might be spiritually at home in the neon of Sydney, Cloud Control's disregard for pop conventions and deeply rooted psychedelic leanings can only come from the Blue Mountains. So now you know." – Tiny Mix Tapes
The Convalescence – This Is Hell CD/LP (Unique Leader)
New album from the symphonic death metal unit.
Dälek – Endangered Philosophies CD/2xLP (Ipecac)
Pioneers of alt hip-hop, Dälek (pronounced "die-a-lek") features rapper/producer MC Dälek, producer/live electronics Mike Manteca, and turntabilist DJ Rek. With roots in the mid-'90s DIY scene, Dälek has been delivering groundbreaking albums for over 20 years. "Endangered Philosophies is Dälek's signature sound pushed in new directions. Re-sculpted to say all that needs to be said today. It is no one element, but rather an amalgamation of the lyrics, sonics, drums, noise, melody, bass, and turntablism," explains MC Dälek of their newest work.
The Domestics – Little Darkness CD/LP+MP3 (Tender Loving Empire)
For the 11-track Little Darkness, the Portland duo—Michael Finn and Leo London—collaborated with hometown producer Tucker Martine (Modest Mouse, My Morning Jacket, Decemberists); Finn and Martine have also worked together on records by the likes of Neko Case/k.d. lang/Laura Veirs, Bill Frisell and Darlene Love at Martine's Flora Recording studio.
End Christian – Energy & Strength CD (Translation Loss)
End Christian consists of members from Brutal Truth, Starkweather and Hex Inverter. Recorded by Alap Momin (Dalek, Bkgd Audio), the band's debut album, Energy & Strength, serves up an eclectic mix of electronic pop, ambience and drum & bass.
Mary Epworth – Elytral CD/LP (PIAS America)
Elytral sees Mary Epworth arriving with greater ferocity and a letting loose of her darker instincts through grinding, splintered soundscapes, electronic experimentalism, prog, psychedelia, free-jazz and more.
Bill Evans – Another Time: The Hilversum Concert CD (Resonance)
A rare, never-before-issued recording of the legendary Bill Evans trio featuring Eddie Gomez
on bass and Jack DeJohnette on drums captured live at the Netherlands Radio Union Studios on June 22, 1968.
Raymond Fairchild – Bluegrass Banjo Collection 3xCD (Rural Rhythm)
92 tracks of classic bluegrass.
Fantastic Negrito – The Last Days Of Oakland CD/LP (Cooking Vinyl)
This reissue of 2017 Grammy-winning artist Fantastic Negrito's critically acclaimed 2016 debut album The Last Days Of Oakland (recipient of a Best Contemporary Blues Album Grammy Award) with two new additional tracks. The new tracks – "Push Back" and "The Shadows" – were both produced by Xavier Dphrepaulezz (aka Fantastic Negrito) and feature Masa Kohama and Tomas Salcedo (guitars), Cornelius Mims (bass guitar), Lionel Holoman Jr. (piano and organ), with vocals, additional piano, additional guitar, drum programming andclaps by Dphrepaulezz.
"…Last Days Of Oakland is among the rawest pieces of music – sonically and emotionally – you'll hear all year. But it's also the work of a craftsman, full of subtlety and sophistication, along with the kind of scars that only a survivor can flaunt" (Jason Heller, NPR). "The first great album of the post-Prince/post-Ali world…Tremendous" (The Mirror).
The Grascals – Before Breakfast CD (Mountain Home)
"As soon as Before Breakfast hit my speakers, I recognized the prestigious pickin' of guitar, banjo, fiddle, and mandolin the way I remembered it from my childhood." – Nuts About Country
Impaled Nazarene – Tol Cormpt Norz Norz Norz [Reissue/1992] LP (Osmose Productions)
Impaled Nazarene – Ugra-Karma [Reissue/1993] CD/LP (Osmose)
Extreme Finnish black metal trailblazers Impaled Nazarene's scorching first two albums second are back in-print.
Inheaven – Inheaven CD/LP (PIAS America)
Produced by Tom Dalgety (Royal Blood, Pixies, The Maccabees) and recorded at Rockfield Studios, Inheaven kicks off with the thunderous "Baby's Alright," and includes "Regeneration" and "Vultures," the band's doomy, metallic new single. Interview Magazine writes, "it's shoegaze-y British punk rock with '90s American influences: Sonic Youth, Nirvana, and Hole, to name a few. Little and Taylor both lend genuinely powerful voices to already amped up tracks."
Insane Clown Posse – The Great Milenko (20th Anniversary Edition) 2xCD+DVD (Island)
Includes the 16-track Island edition of the album as well as a 16-track 'Bonus Spells' disc of rarities and remixes. Additionally, there are five previously unreleased tracks and the brand-new song "Black Blizzard," recorded specifically for this 20th anniversary edition. The long out of print, ICP story documentary Shockumentary makes its DVD debut as well.
Boney James – Honestly CD (Concord)
"Now, there's probably not a soul who's listened to music in the last quarter century that doesn't know of the thunderous impact one particular saxophonist – Boney James — has had on not just the world of smooth or contemporary jazz but R&B, as well. Album after album has been a smash, increasing his fan base to some crazy, almost infinite, number. It's all been very justified, and that justification is advanced by the release of his 16th album, Honestly, an inferno-hot masterpiece of jazzy, soulful, funky, in-your-face tracks guaranteed to cause some to offer that this may well be his hottest to date. With not a single filler tune or mediocre track on the album, Boney explodes on this one in a way that most certainly should land this project at Number 1 on the charts in no time flat. Full of that signature Boney groove that captured so many back in 1992 with Trust and has kept on trucking through the hearts of who-knows-how-many with every CD since, he pours it on thick with this release…" The Smooth Jazz Ride
Jan & Dean – Filet Of Soul Redux: The Rejected Master Recordings CD (Omnivore)
A live cutting-edge comedy album with great music interspersed with sound effects, studio skits and comic banter.
The JT Project – Another Chance CD (Trippin' & Rhythm)
The JT Project has exponentially expanded into a musical collective, incorporating the most talented jazz and soul musicians in New York City.
Madeline Kenney – Night Night At The First Landing CD/LP+MP3 (Company)
Madeline Kenney begins her new album with a helpful reminder: "Don't forget, there's room for you." The declaration is meant to lay to rest unnecessary competition. The universe is pretty large. It's a fitting welcome to Kenney's debut full-length, Night Night At The First Landing. The record is framed by meditative, repetitive recordings that each offer some kind of encouragement. "Don't you worry about a thing, you're fine." "I won't give up on anything now." The trip on Night Night is deciding whether the narrator is full of confidence or talking to themselves privately. Kenney began working on the record immediately after completing her first EP, 2016's Signals. As with Signals, Company Records label head Chaz Bundick (Toro Y Moi) was on hand as producer, but with Kenney as the arranger and key creative force, Night Night reveals more of the artist. The album is unavoidably dreamy, dipping into sweet fuzz while usually sailing through smooth, crystalline production. The songs are about people, and though people sometimes disappoint, this record is meant to comfort. Fall into it and imagine the clouds scooping you up, or the changing tide's ripples gliding you past a gentle moon's new reflection. [Limited purple color vinyl pressing also available.]
King Tubby – King Tubbys Presents Soundclash Dubplate Style: Part 2 CD (Dubstore)
The legendary Sound Clash Dub Plate Style album deconstructed by King Tubby – a late '80s masterwork which fuses Tubby's mythical dub techniques with the nascent sounds of ragga dancehall. This album was the first of its kind. Its purpose was to give those people who didn't attend dances a feel of what happening inside the dance hall and also to be used in sound system clashes. All of the tracks from the album are specials. Specials are recordings which were made from rhythm tracks rented from the producers who take along an artist of their choice to do a recording. [Vinyl edition due September 8.]
LCD Soundsystem – American Dream CD/2xLP+MP3 (Columbia)
"American Dream is a gorgeous f**king record. Compared to the other three LCD albums, I expect that it'll be a slow-bloomer; there's very little of the sharp, immediate urgency that you could hear in some of those older records. The frenetic clatter of 'Movement' or 'Us V Them' is almost entirely gone. Instead, it's an album of textures and sighs. It's not a slow or pretentious or boring album; Murphy wouldn't allow himself to make one of those. Murphy's control-freak tendencies are well-documented; his whole career is almost a fascinating thought-experiment about what might happen if a bandleader as stubborn and dictatorial as, say, James Brown applied himself fully to making record-nerd esoterica. So he makes good and certain that every sound on American Dream is fully on-point. Every drum kicks hard, every synth hums with physical electricity, every guitar twitches just so. But American Dream is still a heady, expansive album. No song is shorter than five minutes. And it sounds like he's pursuing infinity on some of these tracks — like he's actually setting controls for the heart of the sun, not just singing about it." – Stereogum
Monster Magnet – 25… Tab [Reissue/1991] CDEP/12" (Napalm)
Monster Magnet – Spine Of God [Reissue/1991] CD/LP (Napalm)
The stoner-rock band channel Black Sabbath, Deep Purple and Hawkwind on their early recordings – two of which are back in-print on CD and vinyl.
Ms. Jody – Thunder Under Yonder CD (Ecko)
Ms. Jody is one of Southern soul's premier performers and a mainstay on the soul blues circuit. Now the Queen of Southern Soul returns with her 12th CD release of all-new material – 12 cuts of pure smokin' Southern soul.
Nine Inch Nails – Add Violence CDEP (Capitol)
Add Violence marks the second EP in a proposed trilogy following the 2016 release of Not The Actual Events. Five tracks, including the singles "Less Than" and "This Isn't The Place."
Orchestral Manoeuvres In The Dark – The Punishment Of Luxury CD/LP (White Noise)
"OK, let's get this out of the way: anyone expecting a new Orchestral Manoeuvres In The Dark full-length filled back to front with songs tailor-made for radio are going to be sorely disappointed. However, if you are looking for a classic OMD album that blends commercial pop smarts with their darker experimental side are going to be over the moon. The Punishment Of Luxury is that album and so much more! While their 1983 release Dazzle Ships may have pushed the experimental envelope too far for some of their fanbase, TPOL strikes the perfect balance between synthpop maestros and electronic music pioneers. Leaders Andy McCluskey and Paul Humphreys are smart chaps, and on TPOL they go full-frontal experimental on nearly half the album without losing any of their knack for a keen melody. For a band that hit their commercial peak some 30 years ago, OMD remains one of the most vital pop bands of our time. As I said in my review of English Electric, 'This is not a band trying to break away from their past – OMD are a band embracing everything that came before and reminding us why they mattered then… and now.' Still taking chances nearly 40 years into their career, one can only hope OMD continues to make music for 40 more." – Discussions Magazine
Joan Osborne –Songs Of Bob Dylan CD/LP (Womanly Hips)
On Songs Of Bob Dylan, Joan Osborne unleashes her sizable gifts as a vocalist and interpreter upon The Bard's celebrated canon. With performances honed by the time Osborne spent polishing them during Joan Osborne Sings The Songs Of Bob Dylan – two critically acclaimed two-week residencies she performed at New York City's Café Carlyle in March 2016 and 2017, the seven-time Grammy-nominated, multi-platinum-selling singer and songwriter, whom The New York Times has called "a fiercely intelligent, no-nonsense singer," winds her supple, soulful voice around Dylan's poetic, evocative lyrics, etching gleaming new facets in them along the way. The album spans Dylan's beloved standards from the '60s and '70s ("Masters Of War," "Highway 61 Revisited," "Rainy Day Women #12 & 35," "Buckets Of Rain," "Tangled Up In Blue") to some of Osborne's favorites from his later albums, including "Dark Eyes" (from 1985's Empire Burlesque), "Ring Them Bells" (from 1989's Oh Mercy), "Tryin' To Get To Heaven" (from 1997's Time Out Of Mind), and "High Water" (from 2001's Love And Theft).
Paradise Lost – Medusa CD/LP (Napalm)
Medusa serves as Paradise Lost's heaviest full-length release of the past 15 years, melding crushing doom metal with Holmes' harsh death growls and raw organic sounds, heralding a new era of pure Northern misery. [Two limited colored vinyl pressings also available: purple and purple and bottle green splattered.]
Penny And Sparrow – Wendigo CD/LP (I Love You)
Texas-born duo Penny And Sparrow have a musical maturity that has been honed over half a decade and hundreds of live shows. Kyle Jahnke and Andy Baxter are presenting their most ambitious album yet in their new album Wendigo. Rejoined by Chris Jacobie (producer and engineer of their previous albums Creature, Tenboom, Struggle Pretty, and Christmas Songs), Penny And Sparrow delve into numerous new and diverse soundscapes throughout Wendigo, without sacrificing the sharp honesty that's accompanied their career thus far. They expand their musical palette both poetically and sonically via their hypnotic arrangements, as Baxter delves into themes of love, darkness, urban legends ("Wendigo") and an ambitious trilogy of songs featuring an unusual take on humanizing the Grim Reaper ("Part 1 Visiting," "Part 2 Smitten" and "Part 2 Moniker"). Throughout the album is an underlying theme of unearthing fear, and discovering the unexpected beauty, strength and hope that lies within.
Rehab – Million Dollar Mug Shot CD (Average Joe's Ent.)
A collection of previously unreleased songs from the iconic southern rock/rap band.
The Script – Freedom Child CD/LP (Columbia)
Freedom Child sees The Script presenting a collection of urgent, timely, future-facing anthems that speak of both real-life events and real-time sonic adventurism.
John Sebastian – Stories We Could Tell: The Very Best Of John Sebastian CD (Varese Sarabande)
As the leader of The Lovin' Spoonful, John Sebastian was responsible for a string of hits including, "Do You Believe In Magic," and "Summer In The City." This new 'best of' his solo years includes the #1 hit "Welcome Back," as well as new versions of the Spoonful classics "You're A Big Boy Now," and "Didn't Wanna Have To Do It," and live versions of "Nashville Cats," "Darling Be Home Soon," and others.
Septicflesh – Codex Omega CD (Prosthetic)
Primordial, menacing and majestic, the gods of orchestral extreme metal return with the new album. [Vinyl edition due September 15.]
Starsailor – All This Life CD/LP (Cooking Vinyl)
Ushered in by triumphant opener "Listen To Your Heart," All This Life finds Starsailor re-energized and in outstanding form, having recently played a packed Big Top Stage at 2016's Isle Of Wight Festival. Lead singer and guitarist James Walsh says of the album and recording process – "Recording the album was an intense and rewarding experience and we're excited to get it out there. There's a good mix of the aspects of the band people know and love, and a few changes in direction."
Pete Townsend –Scoop [Reissue/1983] 2xCD (UMe)
Pete Townsend – Another Scoop [Reissue/1987] 2xCD (UMe)
Pete Townsend –Scoop 3 [Reissue/2001] 2xCD (UMe)
Three volumes of assorted demos from The Who songwriter/guitarist, back in-print on CD.
Walter Trout – We're All In This Together CD/2xLP (Provogue)
We're All In This Together features Walter with a different guest on each track, including Kenny Wayne Shepherd, Sonny Landreth, Robben Ford, Warren Haynes, Eric Gales, Joe Louis Walker, John Mayall and Joe Bonamassa.
The Verve – Urban Hymns [Reissue/1997] CD/2xCD5xCD+DVD (Virgin)
Deluxe digitally remastered version of The Verve's third studio album. Available in Regular, Deluxe and Super Deluxe editions. Deluxe adds a bonus CD containing the previously unreleased Live at Haigh Hall 5.24.98 concert, while the Super Deluxe includes B-sides, unreleased live tracks and BBC sessions, promo videos, a 56-page hardcover book, five postcards, and a poster.
Steve Winwood –Winwood: Greatest Hits Live 2xCD/4xLP (Wincraft)
Winwood: Greatest Hits Live is a new collection sourced from Steve's personal archives of live performances. With a 23-song tracklist handpicked by Steve, featuring his best-loved songs, the set offers fans a definitive musical portrait of his five-decade career. The package features rare, previously unreleased material touching on all aspects of Winwood's extensive catalog, including contemporary arrangements of the music he created with the Spencer Davis Group, Traffic, Blind Faith, and on his classic solo recordings. The collection channels R&B, jazz, funk, folk, classic rock, pop, and Afro-Caribbean and Brazilian rhythms, highlighting Winwood's unique ability to fuse multiple genres into a singular, cohesive musical expression. The record not only demonstrates Steve's mastery of the Hammond B3 Organ, but also showcases his remarkable guitar skills.
DVDs + Blu-ray:
This Week's Vinyl Exclusives:
Agents Of Oblivion – Agents Of Oblivion [2000] 2xLP (Rotten)
Originally issued on Rotten Records in 2000, Agents Of Oblivion is the lone album from the Louisiana rock group of the same name featuring Dax Riggs and Mike Sanchez of Acid Bath. A noticeable departure from their former group, Riggs and Sanchez implement '70s influences here like T. Rex (down to a cover of "Cosmic Dancer"), David Bowie, Iggy Pop, The Doors and Neil Young to great effect and offer up a fine cross-section of rock 'n' roll from straight-forward tracks to psychedelic numbers to ballads and everything in between. Limited green 180gm vinyl pressing.
Black Crowes – Warpaint [Reissue/2008] LP (Silver Arrow/MRI Associated)
2008's Warpaint served as the seventh studio album and first in seven years from the retro blues-rockers. The album features 11 songs, all of which were written by the Robinson Bros. except "God's Got It" by the Reverend Charlie Jackson, and builds compellingly on the band's trademark adventurous brew of rock, blues, country, soul and gospel.
Joey Cape – One Week Record LP (One Week Records/Fat Wreck Chords)
Joey Cape has releases a covers album through his own One Week Records, which features him playing Lagwagon and Bad Astronaut songs acoustically.
Fifteen – Buzz [Reissue/1994] LP (Real Gone Music)
Jeff Ott, the leader of Fifteen, is one of punk-rock's most intriguing figures. Sexually abused as a child and homeless in his teens, Ott brought a personal perspective to such topics as pacifism, drug addiction, and racism that was a refreshing break from the doctrinaire rant 'n' cant that marred many a punk song, and his voice—while definitely untrained—lent his music a vulnerable, everyman touch. Buzz, the third by his band Fifteen, is reckoned by most to be their finest. Limited maroon colored vinyl pressing.
The Haunted – Strength In Numbers LP (Century Media)
Recently released on CD – now available on vinyl. Launched in 1996 by guitarist Jensen, bassist Jonas Björler and drummer Adrian Erlandsson, The Haunted has enjoyed cult status in the metal world.
HVMM – Talk To Me Like I'm Dead LP+MP3 (Independent Label Alliance)
HVMM is a band out of the UK who draw comparisons to Nick Cave and Royal Blood. This is their debut album.
Vinyl reissue of debut full length album from extreme Finnish black metal trailblazers.
Kitty In A Casket – Rise LP+CD (Rodeostar)
Recently released on CD – now available on vinyl. This Austrian band takes a firm stand with their melodic punk rock, from radical to emotional, from undaunted to sensitive, from fast and hard to tender and susceptible. Limited pink colored vinyl pressing.
Nightbringer – Terra Damnata 2xLP (Season Of Mist)
Limited transparent red gatefold double LP pressing. The enigmatic black metal band returns.
Omnium Gatherum – Stuck Here On Snakes Way [2007] 2xLP (Spinefarm)
Omnium Gatherum – The Redshift [2008] 2xLP (Spinefarm)
From the northern parts of the globe, Finland's Omnium Gatherum is a melodic death metal band known for its fierce live performances and fresh ingenious sound. The sextet delivers sophisticated but aggressive metal that is catchy yet original in its composition and arrangements. Limited ultra-transparent and transparent red colored vinyl pressings (respectively).
Sisters Of Mercy – Some Girls Wander By Mistake [Reissue/1992] 4xLP (Elektra)
The Sisters Of Mercy continue to spotlight different eras of its acclaimed discography with this expanded quadruple 180gm vinyl box set edition of 1992's Some Girls Wander By Mistake, which focuses on the band's early years, as well as includes their last officially released studio recordings.
Slightly Stoopid – Meanwhile… Back At The Lab [Reissue/2015] 2xLP (MRI Associated)
The sessions for Ocean Beach, CA based group Slightly Stoopid's 2015 musical experiment began in late 2012, shortly following the band's seventh studio release Top Of The World. The album was recorded at the band's studio, as well as at Platinum Sound, NYC; Rivas Studios, L.A.; Mixdown Town LBC, Long Beach, CA; and was self-produced by the band along with The Lab's in-house audio engineering maestro James Wisner.
Slits – Return Of The Giant Slits [Reissue/1981] LP (Real Gone Music)
Recently reissued on CD – now available on vinyl. Already far removed from the male-dominated, louder-faster ethos of punk rock, The Slits, with new drummer Bruce Smith of The Pop Group and multi-instrumentalist Steve Beresford in tow, added world music and free jazz to Ari Up's Ono-esque ululations, Viv Albertine's skittering guitar, and Tessa Pollitt's dubwise bass riddims. Predictably, Sony dropped the record like a hot potato, not even bothering to release it in the U.S., and it has only been intermittently available on CD in the 35-plus years since. Limited fluorescent yellow colored vinyl edition.
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RUSSIA 2018 FIFA World Cup has since begun and as predicted there has been a huge interest and excitement in the tournament from Ghanaian football fans.
There have been some major upsets since the opening of Russia 2018 last Thursday with big names such as Argentina and Brazil drawing with significantly lesser opponents like Iceland and Switzerland.
There are even worse results for other football powers with an example being defending champions Germany losing to Mexico in their opening match last Sunday.
It is true Ghana did not qualify to this particular World Cup after doing so on three consecutive times in 2006, 2010 and 2014, yet many of our contemporaries had hoped the countries that qualified would be worthy representatives of the African continent.
However, until last Tuesday when the last African country, Senegal, would play in the first round, none of them had shown themselves approved enough at Russia 2018.
Egypt lost their opening match (and on Tuesday night lost again to the host nation by 3:1) to Uruguay, Morocco was dealt with by Iran, Nigeria lost their own to Croatia and Tunisia was beaten by England leaving the Senegalese to try to redeem the image of the continent, which they did with flying colours.
Perhaps the rest of the African countries would pick up their game and do better than Egypt did in the remaining matches in the group stage to ensure that they make it out of the groups to the next stage of the competition. Otherwise, it will be a disastrous and shambolic participation by the continent.
Africa's poor performance thus far aside, Russia 2018 has been very effervescent, enthusiastic and enthralling. There have been some great football showpieces and very exciting matches such as Spain versus Portugal that saw Cristiano Ronaldo banging in three goals and the blinder of a match between Mexico and Germany!
This is why I am convinced that the football gods have been very generous to us lovers of the game in Russia 2018 even before the first round of matches would end.
Meanwhile, back home in Ghana, many football fans are exasperated about why the national broadcaster, GTV would show only 32 matches of Russia 2018 when the tournament has a total 64 matches on offer thus making it impossible for them to watch all the matches.
There were several posts and comments on social media to the effect. Some said they did not understand why GTV could not just find money to buy the rights to show all the matches of Russia 2018 despite people paying TV licence fee, among other reasons why they feel there can be no excuse for not showing all the matches.
It is in view of this that on Saturday I put up a post on Facebook to explain what I understand about the television broadcast and transmission rights FIFA sold for Africa and why GTV should not carry the blame for what they have to show during Russia 2018.
I feel duty bound to give a bit of explanation about why GTV can't and should not be expected to show all the matches at the ongoing Russia 2018 World Cup tournament. I have seen a few posts and comments about the subject and I think it is unfair to the national broadcaster to expect them to show all the matches.
The rights GTV has are the free-to-air (FTA) rights which they got from Econet Media, operators of Kwese TV and Kwese Free Sport. Maybe I should explain that Econet Media operates two television business models in Ghana and in some markets in Africa.
They operate a multi-channel, set top box enabled direct-to-home (DTH) model known as Kwese TV, direct competition to DStv and StarTimes, if you like, and an FTA channel known as Kwese Free Sport or the re-branded Viasat1 TV.
So Kwese Free Sport competes with the local FTA channels like TV3, GTV, Metro TV, TV Africa, GhOne TV, etc despite their niche focused content of sports.
So when Kwese TV says they would show all 64 matches they are referring to the subscription based DTH platform and not on KFS, which has the FTA rights. That has 32 matches and that is what they have partnered with GTV and Metro TV to show.
Their parent company, Econet Media acquired the FTA rights for sub-Saharan Africa and so any broadcaster in these markets that wanted to show the World Cup matches needed to speak to them and that's how GTV and Metro TV come in.
They bought the rights available for the market from Kwese. You can only buy what is being sold and nothing more and that is the 32 matches.
Maybe for a bit of elucidation, the only organisation that had the FTA rights for sub-Saharan Africa, minus South Africa is Econet Media. SABC, on the other hand, had the other FTA rights, but only for South Africa.
Econet Media also got the pay-TV or DTH rights for sub-Sahara Africa, except South Africa. Supersport, got the pay-TV rights throughout the sub-Saharan Africa region. StarTimes, got the pay-TV rights throughout the sub-Saharan Africa region, except in South Africa.
CANAL+, got the pay-TV rights throughout the sub-Saharan Africa region (but of course mostly in Francophone countries), except in South Africa and Nigeria.
FIFA also granted Econet Media, Supersport, SABC and StarTimes further media rights for other FIFA events for 2017-2018. So, to emphasise, GBC could only partner with Econet Media's local FTA shop to show what was available to be shown on FTA.
If you want to watch all the 64 matches in the comfort of your your room, subscribe to DStv, Kwese TV or StarTimes and you will get it all.
Thankfully, all the DTH platforms have dropped subscription rates to ensure as many people as can would watch all the Russia 2018 matches. Chale, FIFA rights are expensive and they can't all be given free of charge.


text:
Infamous Iron Man is a 12-issue American comic book miniseries featuring the Marvel Comics character Victor Von Doom. Written by comic veteran Brian Michael Bendis, and drawn by Alex Maleev, the series began publication in October 2016. Infamous Iron Man follows Von Doom as he takes on the persona of Iron Man after "Civil War II".

Publication history
The series was created by writer Brian Michael Bendis and artist Alex Maleev. The first issue was released on October 19, 2016, and had reasonable success, as it sold 73,735 in its first month and was the 23rd most popular title that month. It was well received by critics and fans, with an aggregate score of 7.6 and 8.0 respectively on Comicbook Roundup. At the end of the series, the story of Dr. Doom as Iron Man continued in Invincible Iron Man #593.

Plot
After the events of the Civil War II storyline, Victor Von Doom rescues S.H.I.E.L.D. Director Maria Hill from Diablo and visits Tony Stark's lab, where he reveals to the Tony Stark A.I. that he'll assume the mantle of Iron Man. He then appears in La Paz, Bolivia, where he attempts to offer the Mad Thinker a chance at redemption. When the Mad Thinker refuses, Victor defeats him and destroys his lab. He then goes to visit a friend, Doctor Amara Perera, at her apartment only to be attacked by the Thing, who was sent by S.H.I.E.L.D. to capture him. After a brief battle, Victor transports himself and Amara to Switzerland where he reveals to her the reason for his change of heart and search for redemption. Thing goes to Castle Doom in Latveria only to be confronted by Cynthia Von Doom, Victor's mother. While talking to Maria Hill, Victor discovers that the Thing is in Latveria. Arriving at his destroyed castle, Victor finds the Thing being affected by a spell and salutes his mother. During a confrontation, Cynthia reveals her reasons for showing up and releases the Thing from her spell, after Doom asks her to.

Victor then battles the Wizard, who manages to outsmart him. During the battle, Victor becomes distracted by a vision of the future only to be confronted by Sharon Carter, who attempted to arrest him, and escapes. The Wizard then meets up with a large group of super criminals, including the Hood and Jigsaw, who have congregated in the same hideout to discuss what to do about Doom. The villains are terrified, reasoning Doom was bad enough as an ally, but as a hero they would be finished. The new alliance agrees they have to kill Doom, and are encouraged by the fact there are too many of them for Doom to handle at once. Doom then crashes through the ceiling and easily dispatches the lot of them, leaving the Wrecker to serve as a witness for S.H.I.E.L.D.

The Thing then returns to his apartment to find Doom eating at a small table he set for himself. Doom apologizes for the intrusion and for the fact he's eating, explaining his recent duties sometimes cause him to forget to eat. He apologizes for their earlier altercations and even confesses he admires Ben Grimm and Reed Richards when they were at school together. Doom again tries to convince Grimm that he's changed, then leaves. The Thing is later shocked when he sees Reed Richards in front of him. After a confusing conversation, Reed tells him that Victor Von Doom can't be trusted and that Thing must kill him. Meanwhile, Victor encounters Ironheart in his destroyed castle and has a vision of the future where he meets an elderly Tony Stark, who has become the Sorcerer Supreme. The Thing then tells the Human Torch about his encounter with Victor until he gets a call that Ironheart has captured Victor and brought him to the S.H.I.E.L.D. Helicarrier. While in custody, some of the agents attempt to kill him out of revenge, only for his mother to rescue him. Victor wakes up in an alternate dimension and has an argument with his mother, who won't tell him of her true intentions and plans, until Reed appears, alarming Victor.

It is later revealed that Victor returned to Earth and turned himself over to S.H.I.E.L.D. While in custody, Victor is visited by Doctor Strange who tries to help him solve the mystery of his mother and Reed Richards. During that time, Reed Richards suddenly appears, attempting to enter the base, only to be confronted by Sharon Carter, Thing and several agents. Victor and Strange exit the cell and discover that Reed is actually Mephisto in disguise. In the middle of the fight, Mephisto, breaking the fourth wall, reveals that Cynthia and Reed's appearances have been orchestrated by him in an attempt to defeat Victor, his motivation being to keep Victor from redeeming himself and avoiding the fate Mephisto had planned for him. Doom and Doctor Strange manage to defeat Mephisto. After that, Doom takes his leave and is later seen invading a secret Hydra base on an island, after teleporting the Thing to a fancy hotel in Amsterdam. Meanwhile, Amara is seen at a hospital, when the doctor tells her that she's pregnant.

Collected editions

References

Doctor Doom
Iron Man

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


registered the http://www.bbc.co.uk domain. With the BBC Internet Blog republication, I now know that he is Brandon Butterworth, principal technologist at Kingswood Warren. How do I get a paper copy of the original publication in Ariel. Does one have to be on BBC staff to be a subscriber?
You're right – Ariel is an in-house publication as far as I'm aware.


If you're thinking about buying a gas pressure washer rotary nozzle then I wrote this page just for you. I share my expert tips to help you find the right one for your cleaning jobs & your budget!
A rotary nozzle, also called a rotary turbo nozzle, converts your zero degree pressure washer spray into a wide, circular power spray that rotates up to 4,000 RPM (Revolutions per Minute).
This 4" to 9" spinning spray hits your dirty surface from many angles and you'll clean twice as fast as you would with a regular spray tip. It really does an amazing job. Dirt, stains, mold, mildew and chemical solvents will fall away when you use one. They are also excellent for removing rust or graffiti.
My tip: these powerful nozzles aren't suited for cleaning delicate surfaces or old/flaking paint. But, if you want to strip that type of paint, the it will really do the job.
When you shop around, it's critical to match your gas pressure washer PSI (Pounds per Square Inch) rating with the rating of the rotary nozzle.
For instance, if your pressure washer has a PSI of 2,200, make sure the rotary turbo nozzle is designed for 2,200 PSI washers.
Look for one that has a quick connect coupler so it's easy to get on and off the end of your spray wand.
They are a great tool for any homeowner to get professional cleaning results in less time!
Go from the Gas Pressure Washer Rotary Nozzle Page to the homepage.


Using personality type within organizations.
It is nearly impossible to meet all of the differing (and sometimes contradicting) needs during a period of organizational change. However if you can understand how different types experience transition and cater to these different types within your organization, then you will be one step closer to making change exciting and positive!
Extraversion/Introversion: During times of change, those who prefer Extraversion will want to hear and talk about the upcoming change so they can externally process their thoughts and feelings. In contrast, people who prefer Introversion will want time to reflect and may need some time alone to process the upcoming change internally.
Sensing/Intuition: When confronted with change, Sensing types will appreciate hearing the specific and realistic data that shows why changes must be made, as well as details about how things will change and what will be expected of them. Those with a preference for Intuition will be more concerned with whether the changes fit with their ideas about the future of the organization, and how the big picture will be affected. They often will want to know why the change is happening in the first place.
Thinking/Feeling: To process change, Thinking types need logical explanations for the change, as well as evidence that the leadership is competent, and that the change is fair and objective. The Feeling types will be more likely to focus on how the people will be affected, and will want to see that leadership is concerned and compassionate, and that all involved parties are supported.
Judgment/Perceiving: Those who prefer Judging will want plans, schedules, and time frames for changes that management should be held accountable to. This helps them know there is an end point, and that stability will return eventually. Perceivers want flexibility in the plans, schedules, and time frames so that they have room to respond to new information, make midcourse corrections, and use their resourcefulness.
Could the personality of HR Executives impact their ability to communicate with the C-Suite?
Conflict is often described as an interaction that has a negative emotional charge. Most conflict may appear to be caused by simple, straightforward issues but, more often than not conflict exists because some core element of trust, beliefs, authority, or passion is being challenged. Personality type can help us see and understand more clearly what is really involved in a conflict situation.
How does the T/F and J/P dichotomy impact conflict?


You are here: Home / Blog / News / A New Era for the Website!
Amy and I are tentatively excited right now. Today was the big leap – leaving behind the website structure and editor we've been using for over a decade, to embrace the new design and WooCommerce shopping system you see now on our website.
We have been working to fix broken links, urls, and images all afternoon, and expect this will continue for a while, as we sift through over ten years of multi-layered website structure. Please be patient with us while we work out the kinks! We are learning a lot right now, too, as we take over the new admin area and learn how to edit our site all over again.
The point of all this is to make your browsing and shopping easier, and our record-keeping and shipping more efficient.
The dearly loved free patterns will all be up again in the next couple days. We're working like beavers on it.


Once ants find a food source in your home, be it spills or leftover pet food, it's difficult to keep the pests from coming back. Organic and natural repellents, such as lavender, repel ants by adding an unattractive scent to the area. Lavender ant repellents include both dried and liquid products.
Dried lavender and liquid lavender are both suitable ant repellents.
Lavender leaves repel household insects, according to the Norcross Wildlife Foundation. Sprinkle dried lavender around your home, in cabinets, on floors and anywhere you see ants.
If you know how the ants get into your home or you see an ant trail, mix one part lavender oil with ten parts olive oil and spray on the ant paths, recommends The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute.
Lavender plants may help repel ants found outside the home, on your lawn and in your garden. Small lavender plants may also work inside the home.


Beautiful table! Great job! This will be perfect for hosting friends and family this holiday season.
That is one fancy changing table! That X design makes it unique!
Nope I actually had a picture sent to me that I worked off of for the build.
What a cool build! Did you create this design yourself?
That's impressive to work off of a photo! Turned out great!
We like the modified smaller size! It looks great! What stain color did you use? The bottom has an awesome gray color to it.
These look so nice against the dark brick! How did you mount these?
Awesome build! We like the larger size!
Love this piece! What type of wood and stain?
All right where you need it! Nice!
Great job! Way more unique than one you would buy from a store!
Haha, thank you. I'll be sure to post some more of the projects I've done. Sometimes it's hard to transfer what I want to do in my head to actual reality...lots of standing around and head scratching.
Long and tedious ha. I use a good old fashioned hammer and crow bar, start from the top of the side with the least number of boards so that you can hammer off the 2x4 slats and loosen the other side without having to do as much work, it works most of the time but not always. I've got a sawzaw so next time I might try using the blade to cut through nails and see if that's easier.
Good idea to add that storage in there too!
Love the reclaimed wood look, great job!!
Awesome project! I definitely have to build this.
Very nice looks awesome. What is your process for breaking down a pallet?
I love the varied colors on the pallet boards! Great look!
Between the finish on this and the flag table your a true wood manipulation master! Keep up the great work!


text:
» Home Workshop
Dividing Heads and Tool Making
Mon, 02 Apr 2018 | Home Workshop
There are many occasions in tool making when dividing is necessary. Multiple edged cutting tools like taps, reamers, milling cutters, countersinks, etc. all really need dividing devices to produce the best results, even though some of the simple cutters can well be made by filing or freehand grinding. However, the form of the teeth or flutes sometimes settles that rough and ready methods just will not do, and as in the next example the physical difficulty of getting at the metal that has to be taken away more or less settles that mechanical dividing must be employed. Fig. 45 shows the fluting of a long-thread Acme tap which is held in a collet in the spindle of a simple dividing head, using change wheels for the dividing. In order to
Fig. 45 Fluting Acme thread tap
Éar obtain the maximum swarf clearance this tap has five flutes. The head has no tailstock so the outboard end of the tap is rested on a pair of Picador blocks and the clamp rests on another pair. These are very useful accessories for milling operations. Of course each time that a flute is completed the clamp has to be released before the work can be rotated to the position for the next flute. A suitable tailstock, were it available, would obviate the need for this. The 5 flutes are obtained by moving 12 teeth at a time on a 60 tooth wheel. The cutter being used is a commercial tap-fluting cutter picked up cheaply at a sale. These cutters are made with a somewhat lop-sided rounded profile specifically for this duty, but if it had not been available, a flycutter would have been ground up to the profile of a similar tap. The profile is not desperately important and a small error would not matter.
Another example of the use of the dividing head, this time coupled with (he use of a small rotary table, is shown in Figs. 46 and 47. The workpiece to be produced was a fine tooth milling cutter with a round end for routing or hand milling on the light alloy cylinder head of a car engine. The commercially available cutters for use in electric drills had such coarse teeth that once they touched the surface of the alloy they were uncontrollable and pulled sideways so violently that damage to the cylinder head was almost a certainty. So as fine pitch cutters appeared to be not purchasable it was decided to make one. The blank, of a carbon steel similar to silver steel but somewhat lower in carbon, was made to hold in a collet and was given a small recess in the end for the fluting cutter to run into. The dividing head, with a 50 tooth change wheel on its spindle, was mounted on a steel plate so that the end
Fig. 46 Cutting teeth of ball-end cutter
Fig. 47 Close-up of ball-end cutter of the work-piece was beyond the centre of the rotary table by half its diameter. In other words, the centre of the ball end was over the centre of the rotary table. The axis of the work was on the rotation centre. This Is not apparent from the photograph, but was an essential feature of the set-up. A stop block was clamped to the underside of the milling machine table with a toolmaker's clamp, visible in the photograph, to limit the table movement positively to this position. In the other direction the movement of the table brought the cutter to a part of the tool shank smaller than the diameter at the bottom of the flutes so that indexing could be done with the cutter in the clear. The cutter used was a carbon steel one made originally for producing locomotive lubricator ratchet wheels, with a 60 degree single angle. With the axis of the work parallel to the table a cut was started at the required full depth, and the table traversed along bringing the cutter into operation cutting along the cylindrical portion. When the table was arrested by the temporary stop block, the rotary table was turned by means of its worm, so the dovetail cutter continued cutting round the ball end of the work. When the cutter ran into the recess, the feed was reversed first with the rotary table, then with the main table, back to the starting point, where the cutter was clear of the work shank. The dividing head was then indexed one tooth on the wheel, and a new cut started. Eventually all 50 cuts were completed as shown in Fig. 47.
The working diameter of this tool is $ in. and there are 50 perfect teeth. The tool was hardened and tempered, and when put to use in an electric drill was found to be entirely satisfactory. It worked completely chatter-free, with no tendency to run away, and in spite of its fine and shallow teeth, removed metal at a very
Fig. 48 Gashing flutes in large countersinking too!
gratifying rate. The work on the ports in the alloy head was completed to the great satisfaction of the user, leaving a beautiful smooth surface for the gas flow.
Another example of cutting tool making is shown in Figs. 48 and 49. A large 60 degree countersink was needed for a commercial operation on steel tubes, the tool being about in. diameter. It was made with an internal form identical with the Myford lathe spindles from a carbon-manganese chrome alloy of known identity, so that subsequent hardening could be done without risk of failure in a commercial establishment with knowledge of this steel. In the picture it is shown mounted on the Myford dividing head having the flutes cut with a special angle form disc type cutter. Because of the peculiar angles which are involved it was necessary to be able to set the head with its axis at an inclination to the table, and it proved that the simplest way to do this was to use a vertical slide. There was quite a lot of metal to be taken out of the 25 flutes in this decidedly tough steel, and as usual the cutting was a long way from the anchorage point, so the steady stand was brought into use at the back of the head, as it proved too difficult to set it at the same side as the cutter. However, it served quite well in that position and there was never any suggestion of insecurity.
The main gashes for the flutes were taken out first, with two cuts down each flute. Then the head was tilted to a new angle and another series of cuts taken to accomplish the relief Because of the conical shape of the work the vertical slide had to have its base set at an angle to the miller table. All these apparently complicated settings had to be established experimentally (though possibly with a tot of effort they might have been calculated) to give the desired form of the cutting
Fig. 49 Rear view showing steady stand in use
edges of the countersink and the rake angles desired in two directions. The small division plate in use is one which had been made some time previously for doing 125 division micrometer dials, for which unfortunately the standard Myford plates do not provide, or did not at that time. However, with this set-up and not too many hours work it proved possible with home workshop equipment to produce a very suitable special countersink which would inevitably have cost a small fortune if it had had to be made in a commercial factory.
It is hoped that these examples of tool making will encourage all who need non-standard tools, and who know of no firm that would take them on, or are deterred by the high cost of labour-intensive specials. Who knows, somebody in a home workshop might take on the job of helping out some tool factory that would not want to be diverted from its normal work by jobs of this kind?
Start a Woodworking Business From Home
Dividing Heads - Home Workshop
Evolution of the Vertical Miller
Keyway Cutting - Home Workshop
Milling Chucks for Safe Cutter Holding
Workholding with Difficult Shapes


Are you hiking in Abisko this summer, then you can take part in a citizen science project that will track plant phenology along an alpine hillslope of Nuolja. One hundred years ago pioneering botanist Thore C. E. Fries walked in the same area recording the date of snowmelt and tracked the phenology of 150 species of plants. There is still a lot snow on the slope but it is melting fast and many plants have started to develop their leaves.
Come join us for the inauguration of the trail and the new citizen science app on 27-28 June. Even if you cannot make it then you can participate anytime this summer!
Map of the Fries Phenology Transect along Nuolja.


text:
2,000 attend Kuala Lumpur rally to defend Malay rights
Thousands of people attended the Himpunan Kebangkitan Ummah (Gathering for Muslim Revival) rally, believing that the interest of Malay Muslims was in danger since Pakatan Harapan came into power.
PHOTO: THE STAR/ASIA NEWS NETWORK
Shannon Teoh
Malaysia Bureau Chief
https://str.sg/odJv
KUALA LUMPUR - Close to 2,000 supporters of Malay political parties and groups gathered on Saturday (July 28) at a rally in Kampung Baru, a symbolic Malay enclave of Malaysia's capital city, claiming that their racial and religious interests are under threat.
The event drew leaders from Umno, part of the former ruling Barisan Nasional, as well as PAS, the country's largest Islamic party.
The organisers claimed that the interests of the Malay Muslim majority are being eroded after the Pakatan Harapan coalition led by Tun Mahathir Mohamad won the elections in May.
"Those who are speaking loudly today dare to threaten and insult our race and religion," said Darul Islah Welfare Organisation (Perkid) president Masridzi Sat.
The event was held at the Sultan Sulaiman Club, where Malay leaders decided to form Umno over seven decades ago and just a stone's throw from where the May 13, 1969 race riots began.
Malaysia: Growing angst over Malay Muslim rights
Among those who turned up were PAS secretary general Takiyuddin Hassan and information chief Nasrudin Hasan as well as Umno supreme council member Lokman Adam, who is the party's Sungai Kandis by-election candidate.
But the surprise was the appearance of former Umno minister Rais Yatim, who is now a member of Dr Mahathir's Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia (PPBM).
At the gathering that lasted from 9am to 2pm, Tan Sri Rais spoke against the ruling coalition's decision to recognise a Chinese-language secondary level qualification used by private schools teaching in Mandarin - a move promised in its May 9 election manifesto.
"UEC is a question of sovereignty, race, nationhood and nationality," he said, referring to the Unified Examination Certificate used by 60 independent schools in Malaysia.
"What the voice of the majority is saying is we don't want it," he added.
The qualification is currently not recognised by public universities in Malaysia, except for a degree in Chinese language education, It is, however, accepted in Singapore and by top institutions such as Oxford, Cambridge and California Institute of Technology.
The UEC has become a heated racial issue since Education Minister Maszlee Malik - Mr Rais' PPBM colleague - insisted on July 12 that the government would fulfil its election pledge.
Mr Rais had turned his back on Umno just before the May 9 elections and campaigned for PH.
Government sources told The Straits Times that he was slated to be president of the International Islamic University, but was asked to forego the appointment to be Speaker of Parliament instead.
However, he was eventually overlooked for this role.
Umno and PAS have continued with race and religious rhetoric after losing the general election, insisting that their campaign warnings that the Malay Muslim majority would find their special position diminished have come true.
Although PH won a comfortable majority on May 9, analysts say they took home only a third of Malay votes.
Race issues


ZIP files are a type of bunching of multiple files and then sending it at once by attaching the single file to the mail. Zipping a file compress it and makes its suitable to upload and send via any email client like gmail. Users can make a zip file of documents like word file, pdf, or any other format files like music etc. and send it easily to any recipients through email.
Sending a large number of files takes lot of time. So creating a zip folder for them makes it easy to attach and send multiple files in a single shot. But most of the Gmail users don't know how to zip a file in Gmail. Thus to attach and send zip files through gmail, users need to follow a set of instruction to know about how to create a zip file and attach it to send through gmail.
If there are multiple files to send, select those files and store them in a separate folder.
Right click on the folder and click on "Compressed Folder".
You will see a new zipped folder with same name as the original folder.
Now open gmail and click on "Compose mail".
Enter recipient email address and click on file attachment.
Select the compressed folder and add it to the attachment.
Once the attachment is added, click on "Send" button.
Sending multiple files in a single shot is challenging job for many gmail users who are not aware about how to zip attachments in gmail. For the users facing trouble, they can contact to gmail tech support to provide solutions for their issues and queries. Users need to install a compressing program like WinRAR or Nero. Then they will be able to create a zip file. Sending zip files takes nothing. It is an easy to use process. So if you want to create a zip folder then follow the instruction as stated and send multiple files in just one single email.


The Mitel 5201 IP phone is an entry-level IP phone that has easy access to messaging and telephony services. This phone will be best suited for locations requiring access to basic call handling and network features. The 5201 IP phone is engineered for occasional or everyday intensive users.


text:
#include "CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h"

#define RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(value) \
    do { if (!(value)) { SkASSERT(0); return NULL; } } while (false)

static jmethodID    gInputStream_resetMethodID;
static jmethodID    gInputStream_markMethodID;
static jmethodID    gInputStream_availableMethodID;
static jmethodID    gInputStream_readMethodID;
static jmethodID    gInputStream_skipMethodID;

class JavaInputStreamAdaptor : public SkStream {
public:
    JavaInputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env, jobject js, jbyteArray ar)
        : fEnv(env), fJavaInputStream(js), fJavaByteArray(ar) {
        SkASSERT(ar);
        fCapacity   = env->GetArrayLength(ar);
        SkASSERT(fCapacity > 0);
        fBytesRead  = 0;
    }

	virtual bool rewind() {
        JNIEnv* env = fEnv;

        fBytesRead = 0;

        env->CallVoidMethod(fJavaInputStream, gInputStream_resetMethodID);
        if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
            env->ExceptionDescribe();
            env->ExceptionClear();
            SkDebugf("------- reset threw an exception\n");
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    size_t doRead(void* buffer, size_t size) {
        JNIEnv* env = fEnv;
        size_t bytesRead = 0;
        // read the bytes
        do {
            size_t requested = size;
            if (requested > fCapacity)
                requested = fCapacity;

            jint n = env->CallIntMethod(fJavaInputStream,
                                        gInputStream_readMethodID, fJavaByteArray, 0, requested);
            if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
                env->ExceptionDescribe();
                env->ExceptionClear();
                SkDebugf("---- read threw an exception\n");
                return 0;
            }

            if (n < 0) { // n == 0 should not be possible, see InputStream read() specifications.
                break;  // eof
            }

            env->GetByteArrayRegion(fJavaByteArray, 0, n,
                                    reinterpret_cast<jbyte*>(buffer));
            if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
                env->ExceptionDescribe();
                env->ExceptionClear();
                SkDebugf("---- read:GetByteArrayRegion threw an exception\n");
                return 0;
            }

            buffer = (void*)((char*)buffer + n);
            bytesRead += n;
            size -= n;
            fBytesRead += n;
        } while (size != 0);

        return bytesRead;
    }

    size_t doSkip(size_t size) {
        JNIEnv* env = fEnv;

        jlong skipped = env->CallLongMethod(fJavaInputStream,
                                            gInputStream_skipMethodID, (jlong)size);
        if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
            env->ExceptionDescribe();
            env->ExceptionClear();
            SkDebugf("------- skip threw an exception\n");
            return 0;
        }
        if (skipped < 0) {
            skipped = 0;
        }

        return (size_t)skipped;
    }

    size_t doSize() {
        JNIEnv* env = fEnv;
        jint avail = env->CallIntMethod(fJavaInputStream,
                                        gInputStream_availableMethodID);
        if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
            env->ExceptionDescribe();
            env->ExceptionClear();
            SkDebugf("------- available threw an exception\n");
            avail = 0;
        }
        return avail;
    }

	virtual size_t read(void* buffer, size_t size) {
        JNIEnv* env = fEnv;
        if (NULL == buffer) {
            if (0 == size) {
                return this->doSize();
            } else {
                /*  InputStream.skip(n) can return <=0 but still not be at EOF
                    If we see that value, we need to call read(), which will
                    block if waiting for more data, or return -1 at EOF
                 */
                size_t amountSkipped = 0;
                do {
                    size_t amount = this->doSkip(size - amountSkipped);
                    if (0 == amount) {
                        char tmp;
                        amount = this->doRead(&tmp, 1);
                        if (0 == amount) {
                            // if read returned 0, we're at EOF
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    amountSkipped += amount;
                } while (amountSkipped < size);
                return amountSkipped;
            }
        }
        return this->doRead(buffer, size);
    }

private:
    JNIEnv*     fEnv;
    jobject     fJavaInputStream;   // the caller owns this object
    jbyteArray  fJavaByteArray;     // the caller owns this object
    size_t      fCapacity;
    size_t      fBytesRead;
};

SkStream* CreateJavaInputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env, jobject stream,
                                       jbyteArray storage, int markSize) {
    static bool gInited;

    if (!gInited) {
        jclass inputStream_Clazz = env->FindClass("java/io/InputStream");
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(inputStream_Clazz);

        gInputStream_resetMethodID      = env->GetMethodID(inputStream_Clazz,
                                                           "reset", "()V");
        gInputStream_markMethodID       = env->GetMethodID(inputStream_Clazz,
                                                           "mark", "(I)V");
        gInputStream_availableMethodID  = env->GetMethodID(inputStream_Clazz,
                                                           "available", "()I");
        gInputStream_readMethodID       = env->GetMethodID(inputStream_Clazz,
                                                           "read", "([BII)I");
        gInputStream_skipMethodID       = env->GetMethodID(inputStream_Clazz,
                                                           "skip", "(J)J");

        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gInputStream_resetMethodID);
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gInputStream_markMethodID);
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gInputStream_availableMethodID);
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gInputStream_readMethodID);
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gInputStream_skipMethodID);

        gInited = true;
    }

    if (markSize) {
        env->CallVoidMethod(stream, gInputStream_markMethodID, markSize);
    }

    return new JavaInputStreamAdaptor(env, stream, storage);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static jmethodID    gOutputStream_writeMethodID;
static jmethodID    gOutputStream_flushMethodID;

class SkJavaOutputStream : public SkWStream {
public:
    SkJavaOutputStream(JNIEnv* env, jobject stream, jbyteArray storage)
        : fEnv(env), fJavaOutputStream(stream), fJavaByteArray(storage) {
        fCapacity = env->GetArrayLength(storage);
    }

	virtual bool write(const void* buffer, size_t size) {
        JNIEnv* env = fEnv;
        jbyteArray storage = fJavaByteArray;

        while (size > 0) {
            size_t requested = size;
            if (requested > fCapacity) {
                requested = fCapacity;
            }

            env->SetByteArrayRegion(storage, 0, requested,
                                    reinterpret_cast<const jbyte*>(buffer));
            if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
                env->ExceptionDescribe();
                env->ExceptionClear();
                SkDebugf("--- write:SetByteArrayElements threw an exception\n");
                return false;
            }

            fEnv->CallVoidMethod(fJavaOutputStream, gOutputStream_writeMethodID,
                                 storage, 0, requested);
            if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
                env->ExceptionDescribe();
                env->ExceptionClear();
                SkDebugf("------- write threw an exception\n");
                return false;
            }

            buffer = (void*)((char*)buffer + requested);
            size -= requested;
        }
        return true;
    }

    virtual void flush() {
        fEnv->CallVoidMethod(fJavaOutputStream, gOutputStream_flushMethodID);
    }

private:
    JNIEnv*     fEnv;
    jobject     fJavaOutputStream;  // the caller owns this object
    jbyteArray  fJavaByteArray;     // the caller owns this object
    size_t      fCapacity;
};

SkWStream* CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env, jobject stream,
                                         jbyteArray storage) {
    static bool gInited;

    if (!gInited) {
        jclass outputStream_Clazz = env->FindClass("java/io/OutputStream");
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(outputStream_Clazz);

        gOutputStream_writeMethodID = env->GetMethodID(outputStream_Clazz,
                                                       "write", "([BII)V");
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gOutputStream_writeMethodID);
        gOutputStream_flushMethodID = env->GetMethodID(outputStream_Clazz,
                                                       "flush", "()V");
        RETURN_NULL_IF_NULL(gOutputStream_flushMethodID);

        gInited = true;
    }

    return new SkJavaOutputStream(env, stream, storage);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub