As always, we must emphasise that the Academy of Historical Arts is not selling insurance, as we are not a registered or qualified insurance broker.
The Academy of Historical Arts is affiliated with the British Martial Arts and Boxing Association (BMABA), and all of our members gain membership with BMABA, which comes with the BMABA insurance policies.
We sell membership in our organisation, which comes with several benefits, including the BMABA membership that includes insurance. The end result is that yes, you do receive insurance cover by affiliating with our organisation, but we are not selling insurance as we are not insurance brokers, and we cannot advise you about insurance beyond trying to explain to you how we have understood the policy explanations from BMABA.
Please note: due to the regulated nature of insurance, we are not permitted by law to provide any formal advice or to act as an insurance intermediary, nor can we say for certain how the insurance policy might cover specific situations. It is up to clubs, instructors, and individuals to make their own informed decisions and to act as safely and responsibly as possible at all times.
There are two types of insurance plans available: student and instructor.
Not every instructor needs to have instructor insurance (although it is recommended), but every club member (including instructors) must have student insurance.
Whenever you register a club member with us, we'll make sure that the individual is registered with BMABA and so receives the BMABA student membership and student insurance.
If any of your club instructors would like to purchase instructor insurance, then this is an additional cost that will need to be paid for outwith the normal membership fees. We will then register the individual as an instructor with BMABA, and the individual will receive BMABA instructor membership and instructor insurance.
It is important to note that neither the AHA nor BMABA can provide explicit guidance or advice on insurance matters or the appropriateness of any insurance cover. The information below offers a few general examples, but these are not specific and are offered merely in a broad and illustrative manner. If you have any further questions, please contact us, but please realise that we legally cannot provide a specific answer to every question.
Student insurance comes with £2 million Student Public Liability Insurance (commonly referred to as "member to member insurance").
Whenever an individual is acting as a student and is training or participating in an AHA or BMABA instructor's lesson, the student public liability is in effect.
It does not provide cover if the student is leading a lesson without supervision (instructor insurance would be required for that), nor does it provide cover if the student is training unsupervised by an instructor (such as meeting up with friends in the park for some additional training).
The insurance policy does not cover the situation where a student is training with a non-AHA and non-BMABA club; in such situations, it would be expected that the other club should have sufficient insurance in place to cover participants. If this is potentially problematic, there may be the option for the insurer to give the "okay" to specific situations. Please contact us to describe the situation and say at which club (and under which instructors) you wish to train, and we can liaise with BMABA to see what can be done.
The student insurance policy covers training within the UK. If you intend to travel abroad to practise, and would like to find out if the insurance policy can provide cover, then please contact us and we will liaise with BMABA on your behalf. Needless to say, please contact us well in advance!
Public liability insurance will typically cover Accidental bodily injury to any person, or Accidental damage to property. This could include fellow members (including training partners, because this policy includes member-to-member liability) or a 3rd party (including businesses and venues, such as perhaps the venue in which you train). So, as an illustrative example, if you break a window in your venue by putting a sword through it, then the venue can sue you for damages, and (as long as there was no negligence and it was simple accident) the insurance will step in to cover your costs because you have public liability.
It does not cover situations where there has been any negligence, or where you deliberately cause damage to a person or to property. The insurance is not a catch-all safety blanket; the public liability is there to pay your costs for bodily injury caused or accidental damage to property.
Currently, the insurance does not cover any practice with sharp swords. This does not mean that you cannot do such practice; it simply means that while you do so, there is no public liability cover.
Public liability insurance never covers situations where there has been negligence.
To offer a broad illustrative example, if Alan asks Bob to go gently, and then Bob comes in like a stream train and breaks Alan's face, then Bob was negligent in his duty to care for his training partner, and the insurance will not cover him if Alan sues for medical costs or other damages. However, if Alan asks Bob to go gently, and Bob does so, but Alan accidentally steps face first into Bob's thrust, then this is an accident and there was no negligence, and therefore Bob will be covered if Alan sues for medical costs to fix his face.
Therefore, even though insurance is in place, individuals still have a responsibility to look after each other. If you look after each other, but an accident occurs, then the insurance will step in to cover the costs of claims arising in line with the policy; if you are not looking after each other, then that's your fault and your own liability to pay for damages.
One of the additional benefits of having a named public liability policy for each student is when it comes to UK laws for bladed articles.
It is a legal defence for carrying "knives" (including swords, including blunt swords, and possibly even including plastic swords) to be carrying them for a reasonable purpose (going to training, or back home afterwards), in a reasonable fashion (in a bag, not slung on your hip), and to have public liability cover. To receive the benefit of the legal defence, all three of these boxes must be ticked, and having a membership document proving that the named individual has public liability insurance for an activity involving these "knives" can only be beneficial.
Similarly, this will be what your members need to show to customs if they are ordering in a curved blade longer than 50 cm from abroad (because the law restricting "samurai swords" include sabres, blunt sabres, and possibly even plastic sabres).
Furthermore, it may be beneficial for individuals who possess antique swords, to show that they are part of a martial arts club and have public liability insurance.
Instructor insurance comes with instructor public liability (IPL).
Optionally, you can add professional indemnity (PI) insurance if you wish further cover.
BMABA usually require that instructors have some recognised instructor qualifications of at least 1st dan black belt level. However, they have been very understanding that this isn't always feasible in the HEMA community right now, and have been willing to help newer AHA-affiliated clubs to have insurance cover for instructors.
Note: this section is merely for guidance, as best we understand the issue, and cannot be considered professional advice. Please make your own informed decisions and come to your own informed understandings of the topic.
Instructor public liability (IPL) is designed to cover you for Accidental bodily injury to any person, or Accidental damage to property when acting in the capacity as an instructor under AHA. It is also designed to cover you if your students, acting upon your instructions, have an accident and sue for damages.
Your student public liability does not cover you in the situation where you are leading the class without any supervision by another instructor; the instructor at the top of the hierarchy who is in charge of any given lesson (even if they are just supervising and not actually giving the lesson) is the individual deemed to be the "instructor" for the lesson by the AHA, and everyone else participating in his or her lesson are deemed to be "students". The "instructor" who bears that responsibility is the person who should have IPL.
Therefore, only a minimum of one person at any given lesson needs to have IPL, so only one instructor needs to have it in the club, if that instructor is present at every session. If there is the likelihood that the individual will not be present at some sessions, then ideally, steps should be taken so that any instructor who bears responsibility for a class has the appropriate IPL cover.
Your IPL will cover you for teaching HEMA in the UK. If you will be teaching abroad, and would like to enquire if your insurance policy could cover this, please contact us well in advance so that we can liaise with BMABA on your behalf.
Professional indemnity (PI) insurance provides cover for the cost of defending you against allegations of professional negligence (such as giving your student incorrect or wrongful advice) and if unsuccessful, the cost of damages awarded against you.
As a rough illustration: you offer private tuition for a fee and you pocket that fee as your personal income. Over a period of time, you work with a particular student, and you teach something incorrectly – let's say you do something really dumb and teach that the student should aspire towards collapsing their knee at every opportunity. The student does this, believing that your advice is good because they have paid you as a professional to give that advice in your professional capacity. However, their knee gives in, their ligaments snap, and they cannot work for six months due to the injury. They sue you in your professional capacity as a professional instructor for being the root cause of their current loss of earnings. Public liability insurance may not cover you in this situation, because you were negligent in a professional capacity with respect to advice given; this is where professional indemnity is designed to take over. As per public liability, wilful or gross negligence (such as issuing advice for which you are not qualified to give) may fall outside of the cover.
PI insurance is often used by people such as lawyers and accountants, upon whose advice people make decisions that may have major legal ramification if the decision is based on faulty information. PI insurance does not tend to be widely available or taken by martial arts instructors however it is available should you feel it is a necessary protection.
Your PI will cover you for teaching HEMA in the UK. If you will be teaching abroad, and would like to enquire if your insurance policy could cover this, please contact us well in advance so that we can liaise with BMABA on your behalf.
Individuals who are leading and coordinating sessions (even if you do not think of yourself as an "instructor") can be eligible for this insurance, as long as you are running your sessions in a safe and competent manner. This means that your sessions must be in line with the AHA health and safety policy and protective gear policy, you must have and follow an equal opportunities policy, and the watchword of your sessions must be "safety" – in short, if you can answer the question "would Keith approve of this?" in the affirmative, you are probably all good. If the answer isn't quite a "yes", then you have some improving to do!
Furthermore, you should have a nationally recognised and up to date first aid certificate (the emergency first aid at work certificate is a good place to start). If you work with children and need PVG or DBS certification, then you should also possess this.
If you have any concerns or questions about eligibility, please contact us and we will ask the BMABA to clarify.
You can opt to have different levels of cover for instructor public liability insurance. The price increases with the level of cover, although we have been offered very reasonable discounts on the RRP due to the size of our organisation.
You should decide which level of cover is correct for you, considering the risks posed by the circumstances in which you teach, and choose the correct level of IPL cover. You should also consider if PI insurance is right for you, and if so, add that to your IPL.
Note: we cannot give you any formal advice about what level of cover to choose, or whether or not you need this insurance. The best we can do is to recommend that you cover yourself accordingly, and consider how much it could cost you personally if a student or venue sued you for damages – do you have the spare cash to pay damages plus legal fees?
We might go as far as to suggest that it could be in the best interests of the club that the instructor has appropriate insurance cover, and therefore having the club pay for the IPL rather than forcing the instructor to fund it himself or herself is probably a very reasonable thing to do. While the instructor might have difficulty affording even the £1 million cover, it would not be too difficult for a club acting together to find that money to ensure that the club leader has appropriate protection.
If you would like to arrange instructor insurance for one or more instructors in your club, please contact us and we can make the arrangements.


text:
Die Vizegrafschaft Castelbon wurde erstmals Ende des 10. Jahrhunderts erwähnt. Sie befand sich im Tal von Castelbon (katalanisch Castellbò) südlich von Andorra.

Im Jahr 989 erhielt Guillermo, Vizegraf von Urgell und Sohn des Vizegrafen Miró, vom Grafen Borrell II. von Barcelona das Tal von Castelbon. Der Titel eines Vizegrafen von Castelbon wurde jedoch erstmals von Guillermos Nachkommen Pere Ramón geführt, nachdem der Vizegrafen von Urgell zum reinen Titel geworden war. Pere Ramón heiratete 1126 Sibila von Cerdanya, wodurch er seine Vizegrafschaft mit der Vizegrafschaft Cerdanya vereinigte – und damit ein Konkurrent des Bischofs von Urgell wurde, der den Machtzuwachs der Vizegrafen mit Argwohn verfolgte.

Pere Ramóns Enkel Arnau heiratete um 1183 Arnalda de Caboet, durch die die Täler von Cabo, Sant-Juan und Andorra an die Vizegrafen von Castelbon kamen. Mit ihm erreichte die Macht der Vizegrafen von Castelbon ihren Höhepunkt – auch gegenüber dem Bischof, zumal Arnau Katharer war (was dazu führte, dass sein Leichnam 40 Jahre nach seinem Tod exhumiert und verbrannt wurde). Arnauds einzige Tochter Ermessende heiratete 1208 den Erbgrafen von Foix, Roger Bernardo II., † 1241. Die Dynastie der Vizegrafen von Castelbon erlosch.

Die Nachkommen Ermessendes und Roger Bernardos herrschten in Castelbon über zwei Jahrhunderte. Als Graf Gaston III. Fébus 1391 ohne legitime Nachkommen starb, vermachte er seinen Besitz dem König von Frankreich – was nun allerdings den König von Aragón dazu veranlasste, einen Verwandten Gastons, Mathieu de Foix einzusetzen, um zu verhindern, dass die Vizegrafschaft in den Besitz der französischen Krone geriet. Mathieu starb 1398 ebenfalls ohne Nachkommen, so dass seine einzige Schwester Isabelle († 1412) die Nachfolge antrat. Sie war mit Archambaud de Grailly († 1413) verheiratet, von ihr stammt das Haus Foix-Grailly ab.

Ihr Nachkomme Gaston IV. († 1472) war gleichzeitig Graf von Foix und Bigorre, Vizegraf von Béarn, Castelbon und Narbonne. Sein Sohn François Fébus wurde König von Navarra, dessen Nachkomme Heinrich 1589 König von Frankreich, wodurch Castelbon erneut an die französische Krone fiel. Aufgrund dieses Heimfalls ist das französische Staatsoberhaupt heute noch eines der beiden Staatsoberhäupter Andorras.

Vizegrafen von Castelbon

Dynastie der Vizegrafen von Urgel
 Miró I., vor 953 – nach 977
 Guillermo, vor 981 – 1037
 Miró II., 1037–1079
 Ramón I., 1079–1114
 Pere Ramón, 1114–...

Dynastie des Vizegrafen von Castelbon
 Pere Ramón, ...–1150
 Ramón II., 1150–1185
 Arnau, 1185–1226
 Ermessende, ⚭ Roger Bernardo II. de Foix, † 1241.

Dynastie der Grafen von Foix
 Roger Bernardo II., † 1241, Graf von Foix, Vizegraf von Castelbon; ⚭ I Ermessende, Vizegräfin von Castelbon, † 1229, Erbtochter von Vizegrafen Arnau; ⚭ II Ermengarde, Tochter von Aimery Manrique de Lara, Vicomte de Narbonne
 Roger IV., † 1265, dessen Sohn, Comte de Foix, Vizegraf von Castelbon
 Roger Bernard III., † 1303, dessen Sohn, 1265 Graf von Foix und Vizegraf von Castelbon; ⚭ Margarita de Moncada, 1311 20. Vicomtesse de Béarn, Comtesse de Bigorre, Erbtochter von Gaston VII. de Moncada, 19. Vicomte de Béarn
 Gaston I., † 1315, dessen Sohn, 1302 Graf von Foix und Bigorre, 21. Vizegraf von Béarn und Castelbon; ⚭ 1301 Jeanne d'Artois, 1315/24 Comtesse de Foix, † nach 1348, Tochter von Philippe d'Artois, Seigneur de Conches-en-Ouche (Haus Frankreich-Artois)
 Roger-Bernard IV., dessen Sohn, † 1352, Vizegraf von Castelbon; ⚭ Geraude de Navailles
 Roger Bernard V., † 1381, Vizegraf von Castelbon
 Mathieu, † 1398, dessen Sohn, Vizegraf von Castelbon und Béarn; ⚭ Juana Infantin von Aragón, † 1407, Tochter von Juan I., König von Aragón (Haus Barcelona)
 Isabelle de Foix, † 1428, dessen Schwester, seit 1398 Gräfin von Foix, Vizegräfin von Béarn, Marsan und Lautrec sowie Co-Herrin von Andorra, ab 1400 Vizegräfin von Castelbon; ⚭ Archambaud de Grailly Captal de Buch, † 1413 (Haus Grailly)
 Jean I. de Foix (1382–1436), deren Sohn, Graf von Foix, Vizegraf von Béarn, Marsan, Lautrec und Castelbon sowie Co-Herr von Andorra
 Gaston IV., † 1472, dessen Sohn, Graf von Foix und Bigorre, Vizegraf von Béarn, Marsan und Castelbon und Co-Herr von Andorra; ⚭ Eleonore von Navarra, † 1479 Königin von Navarra
 Gaston de Foix, † 1470, 1462 Prinz von Viana, Vizegraf von Castelbon,
 François Fébus, † 1483, König von Navarra

Weblink
 Geschichte Castelbons (frz.)

Einzelnachweise

Castelbon

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text:
Home Dazn Marco Parolo Other News Parolo: "This Group Is Great. Great Desire Tonight"
Parolo: "This Group Is Great. Great Desire Tonight"
Dazn Marco Parolo Other News
The words of the former biancoceleste midfielder at the first exit in his new role as columnist for DAZN.
For the past few months, he has no longer worn the Lazio shirt and, after having imagined continuing to play, has embarked on a new career. We are talking about Marco Parolo, who has reinvented himself as a columnist for DAZN. Present in the studio for the biancoceleste's season debut, the former midfielder talked about his old teammates. These are his statements.
"Tonight I saw a lot of quality, but also a great desire to win. I think the key episodes were two in the defensive phase: the recoveries of Luiz Felipe and Acerbi who sacrificed themselves to protect the result. After a win, these mistakes are fine, you can work better during the week, and criticism is better accepted. "
"Congratulations also to Empoli who showed the same intensity for 90 minutes after the Coppa Italia match. In Formello there is a family environment and perhaps someone like Sarri needs reality like this. He feels comfortable and can find the right balance. They are a fantastic group that I have been a part of for years."
"For Immobile, the numbers speak for themselves and it has always proved this. When Ciro feels at the center of the project, then he can do a lot. I think that even in this case he will be able to find his place. In Rome, he found his ideal environment for him, because he needed this love and the fans at the same time needed a driver like him."
"Milinkovic is taught the role well. He is a player who uses all his physical superiority to be able to be decisive. Even today he was ready and moved the ball well. He is a leader of this team, his growth can affect a lot to make a qualitative leap. I'm glad I passed something on to him."
"For Luis Alberto, this will be something different. With Inzaghi, he had a deep relationship, built over time. It is not certain that this cannot also happen with Sarri, but it will take time. Certainly, his qualities are indisputable, he can do both phases. It will be up to him to find the best way."
"As for Pedro, knowing the environment, having played a year without fans made it easier for him to pass. Scoring under the curve in the derby is not an easy thing to digest."
Parolo: "This Group Is Great. Great Desire Tonight" Reviewed by duieanit on August 22, 2021 Rating: 5
Tags : Dazn Marco Parolo Other News

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Here at Manchester Surveillance we have a unique state of the art range of car tracking, vehicle and GPS asset tracking devices to fit all of car tracking requirements. As we manufacture most of our systems in house we are able to give you a level of expertise and customer support that you will find hard to match anywhere in this highly specialised field of GPS tracking. Our latest range of GPS car and vehicle trackers use cutting edge satellite and communications tracking technology with a high sensitivity GPS receiver capable of getting an accurate location from inside or underneath a vehicle in the most adverse conditions. With our superb online tracking console you can watch live an keep a full history on all movement on the target car.


then I cam across this recipe from Lexies kitchen and it seemed doable.
I was initially worried as I don't have a whizz bang blender....but it worked really well in my food processor.. I added some coconut oil to my shredded coconut as per the recipe....and after a few minutes I almost gave up thinking it wasn't working.....then all of a sudden it changed and became a liquid....dada! it worked.
The taste?..... well I am not a huge fan of it as is..... but there is a long list of uses on Lexies blog post....and I now have that elusive ingredient for those recipes I've been waiting to try.
sweet treat. However I did find it a little sickly.and rich....so I cut it into small bite size pieces and popped it in the freezer....it will hit the spot on occasions when I need a 'sugar free' sweet fix.
Its not sweet though....so if you are thinking of sweet like banana bread... you may be disappointed.
What successes have you had in your 'sugar free' kitchen this week?
I'd love to hear and share.
This is definitely something I want to try once I've had my baby...at the moment, sometimes sugar is what gets me through the day!
I've been tested for autoimmune disease risks after other tests could not explain the symptoms I was having. Removing added sugar from the diet is one way to reduce the symptoms of autoimmune diseases.
So...even though it is not definite that I will have an AID in the future, and that tests are still required, I plan to start making our home as sugar free as possible.
Thanks for putting up the recipes that you try and love. I'll definitely be coming back (as I do weekly) when it comes time to change my eating habits!


Well I got my instructions for the next 7 days.
I am to take 10 units of the Leuprolide every morning until instructed otherwise.
I am to take 200 mg of Prometrium twice a day. Lucky for me this is a pill, actually 2 since I have 100 mg capsules. The bad news is it makes me dizzy after I take it. But if I can handle it on a cruise ship then doing it on dry land should be easy! This side effect only normally last for about an hour tops. Last time I was on it I took 300 mg split through the day (100 mg 3 times) though so it should be interesting. I will write if the effects are different.


text:
__БЕЗКН__

NGC 3158 је елиптична галаксија у сазвежђу Мали лав која се налази на NGC листи објеката дубоког неба.

Деклинација објекта је + 38° 45' 56" а ректасцензија 10-{h}- 13-{m}- 50,5-{s}-. Привидна величина (магнитуда) објекта -{NGC}- 3158 износи 11,9 а фотографска магнитуда 12,9. Налази се на удаљености од 73,931 милиона парсека од Сунца. -{NGC}- 3158 је још познат и под ознакама -{UGC 5511, MCG 7-21-20, CGCG 211-22, PGC 29822}-.

Референце

Литература
Revised New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue, Wolfgang Steinicke, 2012. Доступно у овом фајлу са објашњењем на овој страници
SIMBAD база података, Стразбуршки центар астрономских података (CDS), Стразбур

Види још
Нови општи каталог

Спољашње везе

Интерактивни каталог NGC, IC и Месјеових објеката
-{SIMBAD}- база података

Нови општи каталог сазвежђе Мали лав


text:
La frontière terrestre entre la Libye et le Tchad est une frontière internationale continue longue de 1055 kilomètres séparant la Libye et le Tchad en Afrique.

Tracé

Histoire

À partir de 1974, les cartes libyennes allaient situer la frontière entre la Libye et le Tchad 150 km plus au sud de celle reconnue internationalement, soit très largement à l'intérieur du
territoire tchadien, elle empiétait également sur le territoire de l'Algérie et du Niger.

Points de passage

Populations

Voir aussi

Notes et références

Liens internes
 Bande d'Aozou
 Massif du Tibesti
 Liste des frontières terrestres internationales par longueur

Tchad
Libye
Libye Tchad


The Universe that creates worlds, created this tree. No human was standing by it pushing on its trunk saying "come on grow taller! where are your leaves?! bear fruit for me! hurry up and grow!".
I don't spend my time standing by a tree branch looking at baby birds in a nest yelling at them to grow 'real' feathers so they can fly. No, I don't try and force the natural unfolding of the universe. It unfolds beautifully as it is.
The Universe within me, within you, has been creating worlds for an infinitely long time. This whole planet was created by the universe, and more importantly the Universe took care of the details of creating planets, trees, air, water, fire and everything we see on this planet, including us.
So why do we as humans not trust that this all magnificent Universe that create worlds can tend to the day to day details of our lives, our dreams?
This is something I am thinking about.
It is time for me, to trust that the UNIVERSE that CREATES WORLDS knows exactly how to take care of the details. AND more importantly I am worthy of unfolding and loving who I am in this present moment, not when I get my 'real' feathers, but now.
This post put a smile on my face!
"I don't spend my time standing by a tree branch looking at baby birds in a nest yelling at them to grow 'real' feathers so they can fly."
So funny and true! I need to put more trust in that everything will be okay.
Hehe, I think we all need to. Me included. Yet I still manage to try and push myself out of the tree to get me to fly faster lol!


text:
The Murphy Raid
Thoughts on security, terrorism and human rights, with a focus on Australia. Authored by Andrew Zammit.
Guest post: Muhammad Iqbal on the EDL and Woolwich
Posted on May 30, 2013 by andrew.zammit
My colleague Muhammad Iqbal shows how the EDL's actions following the Woolwich attack follow its traditional method of mobilising support.
The brutal murder of a British soldier in Woolwich on Thursday sparked immediate reaction by the far-right English Defence League (EDL), with 250 members of the group taking to the streets in protest.
This development should not be surprising, as from its beginnings the EDL mobilised support by preying on citizens' fears of Muslim extremists.
EDL's origins
The EDL can trace its roots to the an incident on March, 2009, where a group of Muslim radicals, collectively known at the time as Ahle Sunnah al Jamah, staged a protest and shouted abusive phrases at soldiers returning from active duty in Afghanistan.
Also at the incident was anti-Muslim activist Stephen Yaxley-Lennon, who is now more commonly known as Tommy Robinson. Prior to this incident, Robinson claims to have been active in protesting what he describes as the Islamisation of Luton, going back all the way to 2004 when he and other individuals held up banners saying "Ban the Luton Taliban".
However, after the incident with the returning troops, and similar protests in other parts of the country, Robinson felt that his struggle should be taken to the national level. He did this through establishing the English Defence League.
From its formation, the EDL gained strength from the activities of Muslim extremists. This is exemplified through both the EDL's real-world and online activities.
EDL's online presence
While the EDL does not have an official YouTube account, many of its followers have uploaded videos of EDL related activities or created whole channels dedicated to the group.
This was examined in research I presented at last year's GTReC conference. As one example, I found that out of 155 videos on one unofficial EDL account, 23% specifically mentioned the Ahle Sunnah al Jamah, one of its successors, or members of these groups. A further 45% of the videos have as its main focus, the supposed dangers of Islam, Muslims and/or Shariah law. Only 32% of these videos did not mention a perceived Muslim threat.
Further analysis of the contents of these videos show that they can also encourage its viewers to demonstrate or rally against the actions of Muslims that were perceived to be "Islamising" Britain.
One such example of this was a string of videos that was in direct response to the launch of a "Shariah Controlled Zone" campaign that was initiated by a group called al-Muhajiroun, the successors of Ahle Sunnah al Jamah. The YouTube videos urged its viewers to attend demonstrations protesting the establishment of such zones, which sometimes drew large numbers.
Such demonstrations have in the past degenerated into violent skirmishes with the police or counter-protest rallies.
The EDL today
In recent years, the EDL have seen a decline in popularity. Whereas its rallies used to attract people in the thousands, the past year or so have seen events attended by only hundreds of people.
However, terror attacks such as the brutal slaying of Lee Rigby can provide the far-right group with a platform through which they can revive their divisive and destructive activities. The surge of new followers on their twitter account, and the fact that their Facebook account boasts more than 100,000 "likes" since the attack, shows that they are well poised to exploit such tragedies. So far, this has also translated to a spike in attendance of EDL rallies, with a rally in Newcastle attracting between 1500 to 2000 supporters. This was then followed by a march through London, which attracted around 1000 people.
The actions of the EDL will do nothing but further fuel this cycle of hatred, and in the face of such tragedy, cooler heads need to prevail.
Muhammad Iqbal is a researcher at the Global Terrorism Research Centre (GTReC). He is a graduate of Monash University's Master of International Relations, completing a dissertation on the historical development of Jemaah Islamiyah in Indonesia. His interests include radical movements in Indonesia and Australia, as well as progressive Islamic thought and movements in Indonesia.
A table on what people mean by "lone wolves" and other terms
The recent terror attacks in Boston and London have re-ignited a lot of discussion over "self-radicalisation" and "lone wolves". Unfortunately, these terms are used in lots of different ways, just as "terrorism", "radicalisation", "jihadism" and "homegrown terrorism" are, leading to lots of confused discussion.
This is not just in the media. Among scholars there are loads of different terms used to describe the size and structure of terrorist cells and their relationships with wider extremist movements.
To help make sense of this, I've made this table that breaks down the defining characteristics of the terms used by scholars in this field.
The left hand column describes five different variations that terror plots may have in their relationship with other extremist organisations or individuals. The middle column presents the terms used to describe these variations in attacks carried out by two or more people (a cell). The right hand column presents the terms used to describe these variations in attacks that are carried out by a single person.
Cell: two or more individuals Individual
Attack directly controlled by an established group such as al-Qaeda. Directed cell.
"Chain of command" (Neumann and Rogers)
"Command and control" (Silber)
"Core" or "affiliated" (Sageman, depending on whether the organisation was al-Qaeda central)
Example: 9/11 cell. Directed individual.
"Top-down solo terrorist" (Nesser)
"Lone attacker" (Pantucci)
Example: Richard Reid.
Attacks which are directly supported but not controlled or instigated by an established group. Guided cell.
"Guided" (Neumann and Rogers)
"Suggested/endorsed" (Silber)
Example: Millennium plot cell. Guided individual.
Self-starting:
Attacks which may involve people connected to other violent extremist groups and individuals (one person may have trained overseas, another may have had a friend in an earlier cell) but the initiative and planning only involves the individual or cell, with no direct external support. Self-starting cell.
"Self-starter" (Neumann and Rogers)
"Inspired" (Silber)
"Autonomous" (Sageman)
"Lone wolf pack" (Pantucci)
Example: Pendennis cells. Self-starting individual.
"Bottom-up solo terrorist" (Nesser)
"Lone wolf" (Pantucci)
Self-starting cleanskin:
Attacks from a group or individual that had no previous significant interaction with other violent extremists, but may have had ties to likeminded-but-not-actually-violent extremists. Self-starting cleanskin cell.
Example: Boston bombers (for now). Self-starting cleanskin individual.
"Lone wolf" (Nesser)
"Lone wolf" or "loner" (not sure which of Pantucci's categories apply here)
"Lone wolf" (Spaaij)
Example: Breivik.
Self-starting self-radicalised:
The individual or cell has no interaction with likeminded extremists of any sort, though they might read, watch and listen to extremist propaganda. Self-starting self-radicalised cell.
"Lone wolf pack" (Pantucci) Self-starting self-radicalised individual.
"Loner" (Pantucci)
Example: Roshonara Choudhry.
Note that the terms used by Sageman, Silber and Neumann and Rogers can apply to both cells and individuals, but I've chosen not to put them in the "individual" column to avoid clutter.
Feel free to make suggestions. Also let me know if you have any idea why WordPress is not displaying the vertical lines.
Romper Stomper revisited
I recently watched Romper Stomper for the first time in years. Romper Stomper is a 20 year old movie about a fictional neo-Nazi skinhead* gang in Melbourne (see the trailer here).
As I've become very interested in far-right extremism over the past six months or so, I decided to write a post on how this movie relates to the reality of extreme right activities in Australia at the time.
Romper Stomper is about the exploits and collapse of a skinhead gang in Melbourne. The story (which I won't go into) centres on the gang's leader Hando (Russell Crowe), his best mate Davey (the late Daniel Pollock), and Gabrielle (Jacqueline McKenzie) who is initially a love interest for Hando.
The gang prowl the streets of Footscray assaulting Vietnamese-Australians, perceiving them as invaders. They squat in disused factories and warehouses (it was set during the recession), venturing out to engage in violence against "gooks" in what Hando views as valiant struggle to defend what's rightfully theirs.
The movie is fictional, but is drawn from some real incidents. The most well-known example is neo-Nazi Dane Sweetman, who was tried and convicted for murder shortly before Romper Stomper was made. Sweetman and his gang had carried out violence against Jews, Asians and homosexuals in Melbourne during the late 1980s and early 1990s.
While on bail for a pre-meditated bashing of someone he suspected was gay, Sweetman got into an argument with a fellow skinhead named David Noble during a party held on Hitler's birthday. So he murdered Noble, before cutting his legs off with an axe to fit the body into a car boot. Sweetman's inspiration is openly acknowledged through a scene where Hando holds an axe to two hippies and threatens them by saying "I'll chop your legs off."
Director Geoffrey Wright has pointed to some other inspirations for the movie:
Well, Dane Sweetman was something that we looked at, but it probably didn't begin with him. It began earlier, we just noticed a shift in some of the street gangs. Some of the street thugs had taken on certain political ideas and drew inspiration from their counterparts in Europe, and we saw it happening here in Melbourne. We thought this was interesting. We started doing a lot of interviews. I've still to this day got a box full of 1/4″ tape, of dozens and dozens and dozens of these characters that we spoke to, who were either on their way into it or on their way out. We were very rarely able to speak to people who were in the cutting edge of it in that moment. Of course, the ones who were into it, were either on the run, or didn't want to talk to us or were suspicious of us, or what have you. But Dane Sweetman's story became known to us, and we met people who knew him. So that got rolled up into the general research of the thing, but I wouldn't say that the Dane Sweetman story was the sole inspired to make the film, it was a number of things.
In his commentary on the 20th anniversary DVD release, Wright states that Romper Stomper was loosely based on ten or so real incidents that involved several different gangs, over the space of a few years, across multiple Australian states. For the sake of an engaging movie, these incidents are all compacted and are carried out by a single gang, over the space of a week, all in Footscray.
This created the impression of a bigger neo-Nazi problem than actually existed, which was unfortunate for Footscray's inhabitants. The Age reported on the local reaction at the time:
In the film, the area is turned into a battleground for rival gangs of skinheads and Vietnamese-Australians, prompting one councillor to threaten legal action against its makers.
The rest of the council take a different line. The Mayor, Councillor Bert Jessup, said his only regret was to have to give further publicity to a film he described as "almost puerile".
Footscray police agree. They said yesterday that they were tired of answering calls from concerned citizens seeking advice on how to deal with skinhead gangs that do not exist.
"We would be wrong to say that some of the violent behavior didn't occur, but it is not common to Footscray. It's all over Australia," said Councillor Jessup.
He said a woman reported seeing a skinhead in a shopping centre, but no one had to dodge gangs of skinheads in supermarkets. "Racism is not prevalent. We are one of the most multicultural cities in the world." A local youth worker, Mr Les Twentyman, said two skinheads once lived in Footscray, but they had moved on several months ago. "The movie was a whole lot of crap. It's all right for arty-farty film-makers to come out here, but they have no regard for the consequences," he said.
The movie gave the impression that neo-Nazism was far more prevalent in Australia than it was, but by being loosely based on real incidents, it still portrayed a problem that genuinely existed.
Romper Stomper's portrayal of the neo-Nazi skinheads' lifestyle was also partially accurate. The skinhead gang is portrayed as bunch of jobless, homeless, directionless, alcohol-driven hooligans, driven more by adrenaline, adventure and camaraderie than by ideological commitment.
Their leader, Hando, is the only one who actually reads Nazi literature and discusses the ideas involved. Other members wear Nazi symbols, purchase memorabilia and are of course overtly racist, but are committed to neo-Nazism more as an attitude than an ideology. The characters are not methodical in their violence, nor do they carry out actual political activism.
This misses out part of what was actually occurring at the time. Some neo-Nazi skinheads throughout Australia attended demonstrations, distributed leaflets, posted stickers, formed bands, organised concerts or were affiliated with formal organisations, sometimes acting as enforcers. This sort of activity does not feature in Romper Stomper.
Yet the movie's portrayal of them as primarily disorganised thugs still has a lot of truth to it. Members of formal organisations have spoken of facing difficulty when trying to organise skinheads into any kind of coherent force. For example, Jim Saleam, who led the far-right extremist organisation National Action (NA), has written that:
Simon Dinsbergs, WAR[White Aryan Resistance]'s director, said that the film Romper Stomper "reasonably accurately" portrayed Skinhead life and its alcohol and racial-violence mores.[217] The ANSM [Australian National Socialist Movement] frustratedly characterized many Skinheads as
… a bunch of drugged out pisspots, backstabbers, traitors, cowards, time wasters, fantasizers, big mouths and in general anarchists … who refuse to take orders.[218]
Another organisation was Jack van Tongeren's Australian Nationalist Movement (ANM), whose members were responsible for a terror campaign in Perth during the late 1980s, including firebombings, bashings, robberies, a bombing and a murder. The ANM found skinheads somewhat useful but still looked down on them.
In a submission to the 1991 National Inquiry into Racist Violence in Australia, one ANM member spoke of skinheads who were assaulting anyone who tried to tear down the ANM's "Asians Out or Racial War" posters.** He stated that:
They are ratbags, purely bigots and terrorists in my opinion. However, they do have one useful function. They 'bodyguard' a lot of our gear, including the posters, which cost seventeen cents each.
Similar tensions existed between skinheads and organised far-right groups across the world, but the Australian scene was particularly dysfunctional. By contrast, the UK's National Front managed to organise skinheads on a scale never remotely achieved here.
A colleague of mine spoke to former neo-Nazis in Germany, who told an anecdote about how disappointed they were when they invited Australian skinheads to Germany in the mid-1990s. The Australian Nazis just wanted to get drunk and bash people rather than discuss the finer points of Mein Kampf.
This is consistent with Geoffrey Wright's earlier point that "some of the street thugs had taken on certain political ideas and drew inspiration from their counterparts in Europe, and we saw it happening here in Melbourne." A lot of the skinheads were not people who had become committed to neo-Nazi ideology and engaged in violence as a result, they were already violent thugs who then adopted neo-Nazism.
This makes Romper Stomper's characterisation of its protagonists, as thrill-seeking and lacking organisation and political engagement, largely accurate. While the movie leaves out the organised activity that was occurring, it still captures a broad truth about Australia's neo-Nazi skinhead scene at the time.
Something else that rang true was Wright's portrayal of the gang's disintegration following internal rifts and external pressure.
For Romper Stomper's first thirty minutes the gang seems unstoppable. They carry out crimes with impunity, attract new members (Gabrielle and a group of skinheads from Canberra), and just party. But after they encounter some people who fight back, everything goes downhill for them, ending in fratricidal violence.
Most of Australia's far-right extremist groups have comparable stories, particularly of internal conflict.
For example, after the Australian Nationalist Movement's leading figures were arrested in Perth in 1989, two members murdered fellow activist David Locke who they wrongly suspected of being an informer.
On April 1991, while National Action leader Jim Saleam was on trial over a shotgun attack against the leader of the African National Congress in Sydney, one NA member murdered another member (ASIO listening devices installed in NA's headquarters, where the murder occurred, helped secure the killer's conviction).
The informal gangs also experienced this sort of violence. On April 1990 Dane Sweetman murdered a skinhead in Melbourne in the incident mentioned at beginning of this post. On December 1990 a skinhead in Perth was murdered, and police suspected the killer was another skinhead, named Colin Irvine, who they shot and killed on a house raid the next month.***
So Romper Stomper tells a plausible story of the violence, dysfunction and downfall of a neo-Nazi skinhead gang in Australia at the time.
Romper Stomper remains a work of fiction, but it's a valuable one for anyone interested in far-right extremism or in racist violence in Australia. It tells a story of the most extreme and violent, but least organised or ideologically-engaged, subset of Australia's far-right fringe.
As this post has shown, the movie has parallels with many real-life examples of such groups. The late 1980s and early 1990s saw an outbreak of far-right terror that Australia has not come close to seeing since (there was an attempt by the ANM to relaunch their violence in 2004, but it was foiled).
Many of the people involved in the violent far-right groups ended up dead, imprisoned or disillusioned, following a similar trajectory as portrayed in Romper Stomper. Their activities disappeared from public consciousness in the following two decades, and consequently this movie is remembered more than the real incidents on which it is loosely based.
* When I refer to skinheads in this post I'm talking about the neo-Nazi ones, even though most skinheads are not neo-Nazis.
** The ANM member didn't state in the report that these individuals were necessarily skinheads, but other sources (media reports from the time and Tongeren's autobiography) indicate that the ANM largely used skinheads for these footsoldier type tasks.
*** Another possibly similar incident occurred on September 1991, when police discovered the body of a Sydney man who had reportedly been involved with both National Action and a skinhead ganged that bashed gay men. His brother was accused of murdering him and was charged, but I can't find many sources on this incident and don't know if the brother was also part of the skinhead scene, or if he was convicted.
Update March 2017: Most of the links seem to have gone dead. I'll update this post sometime soon with lots more sources.
Resources: three new reports on national security, intelligence and terrorism in Australia
Just a quick post presenting three very interesting reports tabled in parliament over the past two days.
Independent National Security Legislation Monitor – declassified annual report 20th December 2012
Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
Council of Australian Governments review of counter-terrorism legislation
Council of Australian Governments
Inquiry into the gathering and use of criminal intelligence
Parliamentary Joint Committee on Law Enforcement
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A critique of Ben Saul's article on Australians fighting in Syria
Posted on May 7, 2013 by andrew.zammit
Yesterday The Age published a strange article by Ben Saul, professor of international law at the University of Sydney. The article argued that, by trying to prevent Australians from fighting in the Syrian insurgency, the Australian government is complicit in the Bashar al-Assad regime's brutality. This post discusses some problems with the article.
The article's key argument was that: "…while our government opposes Assad's terror, Australian law paradoxically criminalises anyone who fights for the rebels – yet allows Australians to fight for President Bashar al-Assad."
It ended with: "… we should not actively assist Assad by criminalising those who legitimately try to get rid of him, and by giving a free pass to those who fight for him."
However, this "free pass" claim is false. It is illegal for Australians to fight for either side in Syrian conflict. Australians who fight for Assad face prosecution just as those who fight against him do, though not necessarily under the same laws.
In normal circumstances Australians can legally serve in a foreign military, but in this case it's illegal because we have sanctions on Syria. Both the Federal Police and the Attorney-General's Department have released official statements declaring that it is illegal for Australians to fight for either side. So the article's underlying premise is simply wrong.
Unfortunately, there were other incorrect statements in the article. It argued that "… our federal terrorism law criminalises anyone who uses political violence against any foreign government. This includes violence limited to military attacks on military targets in a civil war and which does not target innocent civilians, and which may precisely aim to stop government attacks on civilians."
This is again false. It is next to impossible to convict an Australian under federal terrorism laws for supporting a foreign insurgent organisation unless that organisation is one of the (currently) 17 proscribed by the Attorney-General.
This was demonstrated from 2007-2009 when an attempt use terrorism laws to prosecute three Victorian Tamil Tiger supporters fell apart. After the terrorism charges failed, the three men were charged and convicted under older legislation, Section 21 of the Charter of the United Nations Act 1945. Similarly, late last year a Melbourne man accused of trying to join Papuan insurgents was charged under old legislation, the Crimes (Foreign Incursions and Recruitment) Act 1978. Our terrorism laws do not cover these situations.
Of these laws, the Crimes (Foreign Incursions and Recruitment) Act 1978 is the most relevant for Australians fighting against Assad, as it criminalises participation in foreign insurgencies.
Saul considers this law problematic, but it is a necessary law. Australia has an international obligation to prevent its territory being used as a base for violence against other countries, regardless of the nature of the regimes in those countries.
If a state allows its citizens to engage in private warfare against foreign countries, then that state itself is in effect engaging in warfare against that country. Whether Australia should be at war with another state is a decision for an elected government, not random citizens.
So preventing its citizens from engaging in hostile acts against other countries is a legitimate prerogative of the state. Australians don't have a "right" to grab a gun and go shoot people overseas, and there are a hundred better ways to help people than joining a foreign insurgency.
This leads to the biggest problem with the article, the assumption that Australians joining the insurgency will help achieve democracy and human rights in Syria.
This is extremely doubtful. Let's assume, dubiously, that a Free Syrian Army (FSA) victory will automatically produce a democratic regime that respects human rights. Even then, it's unclear how a bunch of untrained foreigners turning up in their ranks will help.
The FSA itself is under no illusions that much good will come from overseas volunteers, particularly when the regime is trying to portray the rebellion as foreign-inspired. Just a fortnight ago the FSA's political and media coordinator stated "we reject any presence of foreign fighters, regardless of where they are from. We have said that what we are missing in Syria is weapons, not men." The Assad regime is more pleased about foreigners joining the insurgency than the insurgents are (though the extremist factions of the insurgency are very happy to receive foreign fighters).
Even if foreign fighters meaningfully contribute to an FSA military victory, we can't assume that will achieve a humanitarian outcome. As Saul himself acknowledges, "even the mainstream rebel groups have the blood of innocents on their hands." While the horrors of Assad's regime are beyond doubt, the violence and chaos in Iraq after America deposed Saddam Hussein show that we shouldn't make any assumptions about what will happen when Assad is gone.
Also, the article doesn't address the national security based concerns about Australians fighting in Syria, which is surely relevant in a discussion of whether the government has right to prevent its citizens from taking part. Nor did it mention the government's sanctions against Syria, which undermine the claim of complicity in the regime's brutality. Admittedly an 800 word op-ed can't address every angle, but those are big things to leave out.
However, on one point I partly agree with Saul. In a recent article I did implicitly suggest that it would not be wise or necessary for the government to prosecute all returning fighters and that they should take a highly discriminate approach, focusing specifically on threats to Australia. Most of the returned fighters will pose no domestic threat, and some might even prove willing and well-positioned informants.
But that's entirely different to arguing that the government has no right to prosecute them, or that doing so makes us complicit in Assad's brutality. That argument is as absurd as claiming that opposing Assad's regime makes someone complicit in terrorism.
Update 1:
Ben Saul has provided a thoughtful response in the comments below, which is most welcome.
With regards to his second paragraph, I'm not convinced our federal terrorism law functions in the way he describes, but will look into it a bit more before responding.
Also, two major reviews of counter-terrorism legislation are being tabled in Parliament today. They will likely be very valuable reports that shed a lot of light on how our counter-terrorism laws function, but will probably be overshadowed by the Budget.
Books I read in 2019, with recommendations
Updates on Sub Rosa, AVERT posts, and PhD
New resources on Australia's extreme-right, FARC, cyber security and more
Thoughts on Steve Coll's Directorate S
More writing and other updates
Proven and alleged terrorist plots in Australia since September 2014
Ideology, armed conflict, and terrorism studies
Resources: some background to the Christchurch massacre
Writing and other updates
Resources: terrorism and counter-terrorism in New Zealand
Updates on terrorism court cases and parliamentary hearings
Collected posts on terrorism studies and national security research
The best articles from 2018 on the state of terrorism studies
Two Dutch government reports on the state of the Islamic State threat
ASIO's definition of foreign interference
New commentary on Australian IS plots


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Harold Edward Holt was born in Sydney in 1908 and was elected to the Federal seat of Fawkner in 1935. He became Prime Minister and leader of the Liberal Party on the retirement of Sir Robert Menzies in January 1966. Holt's term as Prime Minister was characterised by strong support for United States' involvement in the Vietnam war, and a stunning 1966 election win on a pro-Vietnam platform.
The National Archives holds a range of records relating to the disappearance of Holt, and the events that immediately followed: the unsuccessful search for his body; the memorial services and the mourning at the loss of a national leader; the caretaker Prime Ministership of John McEwen; and the selection of a replacement for Holt. Examples of the types of records held are listed below. Unless otherwise indicated the records are held by the Archives in Canberra.
Among these records are the contents of Holt's briefcase, which provide an insight into his work at the time he disappeared, and a silent film made by the Victorian Police re-enacting the movements of witnesses at Cheviot Beach and the conditions that Holt encountered. A key Prime Minister's Department file (A1209, 1968/8063) containing police reports, correspondence, maps, photographs, press releases and documents suggesting a key witness withheld information, also provides a comprehensive coverage of events.
These records reflect the profound international reaction to the disappearance of Holt. They include condolence messages from the Queen and other world leaders, the planning for memorial services in Melbourne and London, and the itineraries of dignitaries such as US President Johnson, British Prime Minister Wilson and Prince Charles, who attended the Melbourne service.


text:
(courtesy of Delta Stewardship Council)
Changing Tide
Turf and money battles continue over California water reform
Back Article Jul 1, 2011 By Rich Ehisen
It's been about 20 months since lawmakers and former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger breathlessly announced a historic agreement called the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Reform Act of 2009, an ambitious plan to overhaul the state's antiquated water system. Much has changed since then, but much more is still on the way.
The biggest change has been the weather; as the first large rain and snow year since 2005 prompted Gov. Jerry Brown to declare the statewide drought over in March. The big snowpack, which the California Department of Water Resources says peaked at 165 percent of normal snow-water content in April, has also ensured that downstate communities will get their largest water allotment in years, up to 100 percent in some areas.
Not surprisingly, one thing that hasn't changed is the usual turf and money battles that mark anything involving California water. The ink from Schwarzenegger's signature on the five-bill reform package was barely dry before whispers began circulating that the $11.14 billion bond proposal needed to fund the â?¨plan was in danger. Faced with a crushingly bad economy and subsequent poll numbers that showed little voter support for the bond measure, Schwarzenegger and lawmakers abruptly switched gears last August and pushed the vote to November of 2012.
But the bond issue is only one part of the complex process of reconfiguring how the state manages the Delta. Of more immediate concern to California water agencies is the impending Delta Plan, the omnibus management strategy by the Delta Stewardship Council, the oversight agency created by the reform act to ensure the state achieves its equal goals of water reliability for downstate users and environmental sanctity for the Delta. Although the Delta Plan is still under construction, with a completion deadline of January, it already has water managers statewide crying foul. Critics accuse the council of turning itself into a regulatory body with far-reaching authority over the sacred cow of local control: land and water-use decisions.
It's not an unfounded fear. According to the law, the council has two options for moving the state toward its co-equal goals. The first is devising specific policy recommendations for state or local officials with the understanding that only those officials or agencies have power to implement them. The second, and by far the most worrisome to many stakeholders, is for the council to establish its own rules for "covered actions," those which the law says fall under its purview. This is where the water gets murkier.
The question is just how far does that authority reach? The law provides five criteria for defining a covered action, most notably that the project in question — be it a water conservation program or a new housing tract — must "occur in whole or in part within the Delta or the Suisun Marsh," the specific areas over which the council has authority. But to the consternation of many local water managers, the criteria also includes projects that "will have a significant impact on achievement of one or both of the coequal goals or the implementation of government-sponsored flood control programs."
In the eyes of the council, that could mean virtually any project within the Delta watershed, which begins at the tip of the Sacramento River in the northeast corner of the state at the Oregon border and rambles as far south as Fresno. But the council's reach would not stop there. It would also include the bulk of the San Francisco Bay Area as well as the massive downstream regions in Southern California that draw their water from through-Delta flows. In all, potentially two-thirds of the state's waterways would fall under the council's regulatory control, in theory giving it the power to regulate a significant amount of development outside the actual Delta.
That possibility has drawn a crescendo of opposition from both water agencies and statewide business interests, from power players like the California Chamber of Commerce and the California Building Industry Association to small regional entities like the Fair Oaks Water District in Sacramento County. In April, almost 60 representatives of these organizations signed a protest letter sent to the council by the Association of California Water Agencies. With approximately 450 member agencies, the association is the largest of its kind in the nation.
"This is not really a debate about water. It's about economic development."
John Woodling, executive director, Regional Water Authority
"We are really concerned about the direction the Delta Stewardship Council is heading," says the association's Executive Director Tim Quinn. "They really want to be a regulatory force at the retail-water supply level."
The council's proposal has drawn a similar rebuke from the Delta Counties Coalition, a group of five Delta counties — Contra Costa, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Solano and Yolo — that collaborate on water issues.
"This situation with covered actions has the potential to impact a great deal of the state," says Michael Peterson, a spokesperson for the coalition and civil engineer who's recently been appointed director of the Sacramento County Department of Water Resources. "We need to be able to know how this is going to effect our land and water use decisions for the long run."
As always, those decisions equate to dollars and cents.
"This is not really a debate about water. It's about economic development," says John Woodling, executive director of the Regional Water Authority in Citrus Heights, one of the water managers who signed the Association of California Water Agencies letter.
Former Sacramento Mayor Phil Isenberg, who now chairs the Delta Stewardship Council, to date has not had much of a sympathetic ear to those complaints.
"Their position has been pretty clear," he says. "They are basically saying, 'I don't know what it is I'm going to do, but I want you to tell me it's not a covered action.'"
Isenberg laughs at that but says he is serious in carrying out what he sees as the council's directive to protect the Delta's "unique characteristics, including its agriculture." He says there are about five major commercial projects in the San Joaquin Valley that could be negatively impacted by the Delta Plan. How many more could be impacted down the line is a significant unknown. But in that regard, he says the answer to most questions is fairly obvious.
"You have to ask yourself, 'Does the water that comes into the Delta or is taken from the Delta downstream have anything to do with the health of the Delta?' I think the answer is a pretty obvious 'yes,'" he says.
For all the usual antagonism over such issues, the Regional Water Authority's Woodling says he is still hopeful the council's final plan will be workable for most parties. He even cites a positive, noting the controversy has forced statewide water managers to stay actively involved in the reform process, not only with the Delta Stewardship Council but with the recently revived Bay Delta Conservation Plan, which could eventually be melded into the council's Delta Plan. In its current form, the BDCP calls for building either a tunnel or peripheral canal underneath the Delta to ferry water south.
"This whole thing has helped to coalesce water agencies to determine what they really want," he says. "At the very least, we're certainly â?¨engaged in the new game that is being played."
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Will the state build or falter on the legislature's historic compromise?
It has been almost a year since California lawmakers reached an agreement on the most comprehensive overhaul of the state's water management system in more than four decades.
Sep 1, 2010 Rich Ehisen
Levee Over Troubled Waters
Paying for repairs just got harder
It's a calm, clear day on West Sacramento's South River Road, a meandering two-lane route that runs atop a levee buffering houses and farmland from the placid Sacramento River. It's hard to envision the chaos that would ensue if the great dirt barrier were to burst, pouring millions of gallons of water into adjacent homes and businesses, but that nightmare scenario just got harder to prevent.
Feb 12, 2013 Rich Ehisen
Rich Ehisen
@WordsmithRich


AcuDENT hail damage repair leads the way in Kentucky for high-tech paintless dent repair, PDR, a growing preferred method for vehicle hail repair. AcuDENT is a full-service PDR company that removes dents caused by hail and door dings. Our expertly trained technicians work with small hand tools to massage dents out of a car's panels without the need for fillers or paint. Since 2004, AcuDENT has solidified its reputation as a trusted provider for body shops and dealership support as well as individual customers in Louisville, Kentucky, and Southern Indiana.


In my last post, I included a detailed breakdown of how the two conferences have matched up against one another so far this season and, on the basis of the data, concluded that there wasn't much to choose between them, the West's superior record notwithstanding.
My conclusion was implicitly premised on the assumption that there's no significant skill difference between the two conferences with respect to shooting or save percentage. The rationale behind that assumption was that, while there are talent differences between teams in terms of the percentages, those differences should cancel out when comparing large groups of teams. Without taking a further look at the data, however, it's impossible to determine whether or not the assumption relied on is true.
In determining the above issue, I think that it might be helpful to look at data from interconference games over the last six seasons. I'd delve back further in time, but 2003-04 is the oldest season for which I have advanced statistics at the team level. It's well established that the West dominated the East over this timeframe, as evidenced by the table below. The West had the better record in each of the six seasons examined, with an aggregate winning percentage of 0.54. That's only slightly better than what one would expect on the basis of their goal ratio (its expected winning percentage was 0.536).
In order to determine the nature of the West's dominance, however, it becomes necessary to take a more granular look at the data. This can be achieved through looking at how each conference has done in terms of shots and the percentages, through breaking down the data by game situation (even strength and special teams), and through looking at data from when the score was tied in order to identify and/or control for playing to the score effects.
[I elected not to include data on shorthanded shots and goals given that shorthanded scoring is neither an important nor sustainable component of team success].
The first thing one might notice is that the West did better than the East across the board - both at even strength and on special teams, and both in terms of shots and the percentages. It was also a fair bit better on drawing penalties, which is noteworthy given that NHL referees tend to favor the trailing team -- Eastern teams presumably would have spent more time playing from behind than Western teams during the games sampled.
However, while the West has technically outperformed the East in respect of shooting percentage, the difference is marginal. Indeed, there's effectively no difference at all at even strength, and while the difference in terms of PP SH% is larger, it's not necessarily reflective of an underlying talent advantage. For example, if the two conferences had the same "true" PP SH%, one would expect one conference to have an advantage of at least 0.004 approximately 50% of the time.
Similarly, the fact that one conference tended to outperform the other in terms of EV SH% in specific seasons should not be construed as meaningful. Random variation requires an average difference of 0.00468 when comparing the shooting percentage of one conference to the other. The actual value? 0.00467.
The success of the Western teams was driven primarily by its outshooting advantage, and this was true at both even strength and on the powerplay. The fact that the data for this season shows no such advantage for Western teams suggests to me that it may no longer be the better conference. While it's true that the West has done better than the East in relation to the percentages, it's difficult to interpret that as a difference in underlying skill for the reasons outlined above.


Into one of my posts (How to install Ghost on Ubuntu 16.04) I mentioned that error Killedt:iconv-lite → gunz may occur because of using npm on VPS instance with low RAM. I've got such error while installing Ghost on VPS instance with 512MB of RAM. That happened because npm run out of memory and Linux OOM killer started to kill processed to get memory back to the system. Such problem could be resolved by increasing RAM from 512MB to 1GB or by creating a swap file. In this tutorial I will describe how to add a swap file on Ubuntu 16.04.
We'll store the swap file in /var/swap/ folder. So let's create required folders first.
We created a file which will be used for swapping and restricted file's permissions to read and write only for file's owner (root in that case).
We are using a dd utility which fills a swap file with zeroes to required size (in our case it's 512Mb) with blocks size equal to 1024k. Creating swap file with such parameters should not take too long.
Our file for swapping is ready. Now we need to set up a swap area on our created file.
/etc/fstab is a config file which contains information about how file systems and devices will be mounted and used during system boot.


• Support the Service Delivery Management staff globally with training or advice as required.
• Professional internal and external training.
Thank you for taking the time to review our job, if you think it is a match to your experience and interests please apply today with a CV in English— we are eager to learn more about you!


Which Set of Skills Is Crucial for a Project Manager: Soft Skills or Hard Skills?
By Cristina Neagu| 2014-01-08T14:28:07+00:00	January 8th, 2014|Project Management Certification, Project Management Training, Team Management|Comments Off on Which Set of Skills Is Crucial for a Project Manager: Soft Skills or Hard Skills?
It is almost a consensus that good project managers need both soft skills and hard skills. Without soft skills, project managers cannot lead their teams; without hard skills, they cannot lead the projects. Soft skills, also called emotional intelligence, include skills such as communication, problem solving, negotiation, leadership, and influencing. Hard skills in project management refer to the ability of applying the right tools and techniques to run and successfully complete a project.
The right combination of soft skills and hard skills is a matter of training and experience, but also being the right person for the job. In general, experts say that no personality is better suited to project management than another is. People with more extrovert personalities are naturally drawn to management positions, but this does not mean they make better project managers than introvert people with the right skills.
Excellent Soft Skills or Excellent Hard Skills?
Since finding a project manager with the right blend of soft skills and hard skills is not always possible, organizations sometimes need to choose between a project manager with excellent hard skills and one with excellent soft skills. Evaluating which of the two is better suited to lead a project is not straightforward. But finding the solution to this dilemma involves looking at two aspects. One is training. The other one is knowing what type of manager the project needs.
CAPM® Exam – How to Pass It and Is it Worth It?
By Cristina Neagu| 2013-11-08T07:36:19+00:00	November 8th, 2013|Project Management Certification, Project Management Methodology, Project Management Training|Comments Off on CAPM® Exam – How to Pass It and Is it Worth It?
As any internationally recognized certificate from a reputable institution, CAPM® is not just a piece of paper, although if it were, it would be the kind that can get you shortlisted for an assistant project manager position.
CAMP®, or Certified Associate in Project Management, is a certification you can obtain from the PMI institute if you are a beginner in project management, you had some formal project management training and/or experience, and you need a proof that you understand the fundamentals of this discipline. If you already have many years of experience in project management and want to certify that, there are more advanced certifications than the CAPM®, like the PMP® or PRINCE2®. In some cases, you may not need any certification at all, unless the organization you work for, or want to work for, requests it.
To obtain the CAPM®, you need to pass an exam with 150 multiple-choice questions, not very complicated, but not simple either, based on project management theory. To sit for the exam, you also need to have a bachelor degree and to have completed at least 23 hours of formal project management training or have at least 1,500 hours of demonstrated work experience in project management. These prerequisites may vary, and to get an updated list, it is recommended to have a look on the PMI institute CAPM® website.
Only register for the exam if you really need the certification. If the organization you work for requires it, your employer should offer to cover your training and/or examination costs. Neither the exam nor the training is free.
While people relatively new to project management understand the advantage of getting a formal certification such as PMP or PRINCE2, especially when looking for a job, many experienced project managers are outraged that organizations place so much emphasis on certifications when screening résumés. They claim that experience is the one that counts, that no formal certification guarantees that a project manager can successfully lead a project, and that it is frustrating to see that organizations care for certifications more than they care about experience.
How important is to get a project management certification when you have years of experience and have led numerous successful projects for an organization? Which one counts more, experience or formal certification?
Whether you should get formally certified depends on your status. If you are a job-seeker with project management experience, the answer is definitely yes. If ten or 20 years ago acronyms such as PMP or PMI-ACP were mostly irrelevant for employers, an increasing number of organizations use these and other certifications as a selection criterion for candidates to a project manager position. And where the certification is not a requirement, it is definitely an advantage. In such harsh times for job seekers, no advantage is to be neglected.


text:
John Scott Sherrill
John Scott (footballer, born 1872)
John Scott (1920s footballer)
John Scott Sherrill is an American songwriter whose work is primarily in the field of country music. He has written songs for such artists as John Anderson, Brooks & Dunn, Jimmy Buffett (Steamer), Johnny Lee, George Strait, Steve Wariner, Patty Loveless, Josh Turner, Waylon Jennings, Alison Krauss, Peter Wolf, Mick Jagger, Michael McDonald and Willie Nelson and Kris Kristofferson. He is the son of Christian writers John and Elizabeth Sherrill. In the 1980s, Sherrill recorded with Bob DiPiero and Dennis Robbins as the band Billy Hill.
John Scott Sherrill is a Country Music Award-winning American songwriter with a career spanning over 30 years. He is well known for his lyrics about love, loss and the human condition. Sherrill has had 11 #1s and numerous other hits. His career began in the 1970s and has been quite eclectic, as he has worked with a diverse group of artists.
Sherrill was raised in Chappaqua, a hamlet of New Castle, NY and in Uganda and Bolivia by parents who were book and magazine writers. He was drawn at an early age to folk, country and rock music. He played coffeehouses in Boston and also spent time as a musician in Amsterdam.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/John_Scott_Sherrill
John Scott may refer to:
John Scott (British Army officer) (died 1775), MP 1754–75 for Caithness, Tain Burghs and Fife
John Scott (died 1533), MP for New Romney, England
John Scott (died 1619), MP for Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)
John Scott (MP for Hastings), 1385–1393, MP for Hastings (UK Parliament constituency)
John Scott (MP for Ripon), MP for Ripon, UK
John Scott (Scottish politician) (born 1951), Member of the Scottish Parliament
John Scott of Scott's Hall (c. 1423–1485), English Yorkist during the Wars of the Roses, Warden of the Cinque Ports
John Scott (of Scot's Hall) (1570–1616), English Member of Parliament and councillor of the London Company of Virginia
John Scott, 1st Earl of Eldon (1751–1838), Lord High Chancellor of Britain
John Scott, 2nd Earl of Eldon (1805–1854), British peer and Tory politician
John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch (1923–2007), Scottish peer, politician and landowner
John Scott-Waring (1747–1819), English political agent and Member of Parliament
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/John_Scott
John C. "Jack" (or "Jock") Scott (born 1 January 1872, date of death unknown) was a Scottish footballer who played as a forward. Born in Edinburgh he played for Leith Athletic in his native Scotland before spells with Sheffield United and Gainsborough Trinity in England.
Scott played for Cameron Highlanders as a youth, before coming to prominence with local club Leith Athletic. It was here that he was spotted by English side Sheffield United who signed him in December 1891 to play in the Northern League. Scott scored on his league debut in a 5–1 victory over Newcastle West End a few days later and would go on to also score on his debut in both the FA Cup (during a 3–0 victory over Blackpool a month later) and on his Football League debut (in a 2–0 victory over Small Heath in September 1892). Described by United trainer George Waller (regarded as an excellent judge of players) during a contemporary interview as "one of the best", Scott played regularly until his was surprisingly transferred in December 1892, a year after his arrival.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/John_Scott_(footballer,_born_1872)
John Scott was a Scottish footballer. His regular position was as a defender. He was born in Wishaw. He played for Bradford Park Avenue, Manchester United, Hamilton Academical, and St. Mirren.
MUFCInfo.com profile
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/John_Scott_(1920s_footballer)
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Latest News for: john scott sherrill
Mercedes Fox
Minden Press-Herald 05 Jan 2021
Keali Michelle Waldron and husband John, Carroll Alan "Pete" Sherrill, Jr. and wife Frankie, Matthew Scott Sherrill and Ashley Elizabeth Sherrill; great-grandchildren, Tristin Thomas Waldron and wife Sydney, Ty Trenton Waldron, Braylon Sherrill, Myles ......
Lest we forget ... Memorial Day 2020
Crossville Chronicle 25 May 2020
John Ford. John Flynn ... John Narramore. John Parham ... Adam Sherrill. John Tollett ... John Garrison ... John Barger ... John Brewer. John J ... John Davis ... John Hall ... John Hedgecoth. John Hedgecoth. John Keeney ... John Kindred ... John Lewis ... John Stephens ... John Swan ... John Watson ... John Weaver ... John Bolin ... John DeRossett ... John Hedgecoth ... John Jarvis. John Kerley ... John Loden ... John Monday ... John V....
Who made the Guilford County Schools high school honor roll third quarter?
News & Record 04 May 2020
Giselle Aburto-Mondragon, Ayoub Addus, Isabel Aguilera-Toledo, Jackson Albert, Zaeem Amin, Ivy Azzarita, Margaret Ballard, Eliza Barnett, Sarah Beck, Lucas Bernard, Kirby Broughton, Chad Burchett, Samuel Carpenter, Harrison Carr, Nakya Chism, Lesly Chombo-Magos, Javari ......
Who made the Guilford County Schools high school honor roll second quarter?
News & Record 12 Feb 2020
Jackson Albert, Zaeem Amin, Ivy Azzarita, Margaret Ballard, Eliza Barnett, Sarah Beck, Lucas Bernard, Kirby Broughton, Chad Burchett, Samuel Carpenter, Harrison Carr, Nakya Chism, Javari Christopher, Sebastian Cobos, Tyler Coker, Caroline Coley, Elizabeth Comer, Spencer Cooke, ......
Noel McKay, David Olney to perform at The Sound Wall on Dec. 5
Opelika Observer 27 Nov 2019
Special to the. Opelika Observer. The Sound Wall will host David Olney and Noel McKay in concert on Dec. 5 ... This is a bring-your-own-beer event ... B ... Noel McKay ... He has recently discovered the art of co-writing and has written songs with greats such as Guy Clark, Richard Dobson, David Olney, John Scott Sherrill, Shawn Camp and Brennen Leigh ... David Olney ... ....
PHOTO: Local coaches speak at Rotary meeting
Statesville Record & Landmark 09 Aug 2019
Pictured left to right are Chris Bates, president of Fourth Creek Rotary, Leon Ijames, assistant football coach at ......


Oncidium orchids are in bloom in this silk floral arrangement. Yellow orchids with greenery are planted in a green ceramic pot. This arrangement would be a great accent in a sitting room or screened-in porch.
Dimension - 21 L x 21 W x 26 H in.


Creating sales-oriented web sites to guarantee the highest possible efficiency of sales is not brand-new for the online business owners at this age. It is all regarding being useful, purposeful, and also leading the site visitors to the internet site to make an action which benefits the business at the end of their surfing trip. New Kajabi Vs Clickfunnels and also Clickfunnels are two solutions that assist mainly start-ups and entrepreneurs to make practical sites that really drive the sales.
New Kajabi Vs Clickfunnels I've been in Digital Advertising for over a decade, and also I instruct it at Penn State University. Customers involve me constantly trying to find innovative ways to make their companies work online. I wanted to know how on the internet sales tales like Mike Filsaime, Robert Kiyosaki, Tai Lopez as well as Grant Cardone manage to move a lot of various items online, with no troubles. They simply placed something online as well as it markets! It does not stop marketing. So, I invested myself in a bunch of study and unsurprisingly, found that software was behind everything. These individuals don't bother with web sites and spending a small ton of money on service structure, when they wish to offer something certain on the web.
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The foreign exchange market (Forex, FX, J.M. do Espírito Santo de Silva Spot trading is one of the most common types of forex trading.
2015-07-31 · Forex trading may be profitable for hedge funds or unusually skilled currency traders, but for average retail traders, forex trading can lead to huge losses.
Day trading is not gambling, at least it's not if you're doing it right. Avoid these 10 common errors that forex day traders make.
Forex trading ideen tägliche, trade shares, There is no guarantee that you will earn any money using the techniques and ideas or software provided with this website.


It might not be to everyone's taste but visitors to Rimini's annual festival of artisan ice-cream and baking this weekend will be in for a surprise as parmesan cheese-flavoured gelato takes centre-stage.
Chefs from the Italian Food Style Education Culinary Institute (Ifse) will show gelato makers how to incorporate Parmesan into a variety of gelato-based desserts, along with other unusual flavours including prosciutto. The lesson aims to explore new boundaries between sweet and savoury in gelato production.
It comes as part of the Sigep festival held over the weekend in Rimini, and gelatiers from across Italy have gathered in the city to show off their finest creations and attend talks and seminars on gelato and bakery production.
The event is in its 35th year and is widely regarded as the most important in the artisan gelato sector.
A variety of events will take place over the weekend, including the Gelato World Cup, a cake design competition and bread art demonstrations.


text:
The Solution Will Be Televised
Writer Todd Reubold
@treubold Media and communications professional
September 6, 2013 — We've all heard the litany of environmental challenges facing the world today – climate change, deforestation, biodiversity loss, pollution and on and on. It's enough to make the most hopeful among us think we're headed toward a future filled with doom and gloom.
But a nonprofit in the northwestern U.S. is trying to change the narrative.
Olympia, Wash.–based Climate Solutions — an organization focused on "accelerating practical and profitable solutions" to climate change — launched the Solutions Stories video series in 2011 to highlight clean energy success stories in action and to show how clean energy projects sprouting up across Washington and Oregon have the potential to change the region's economy – and beyond. To date the nonprofit has produced 16 videos on a range of topics, including electric vehicles, waste to energy and wind power.
In the video above we see how a multigenerational, family-owned dairy taps the latest energy-saving and clean energy-producing technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save money while still producing high-quality products.
As Stephanie Gibson-Hawkes, general manager of Lochmead Dairy, says in the intro regarding sustainability, "It's just something we've always believed in as a family, to do right by the environment… You have to take care of it if it's going to be here for the next generation."
Climate Solutions plans to expand the geographic scope of the videos while taking a closer look at people and projects leading the drive toward a clean energy economy.
Says Climate Solutions communications associate Bobby Hayden, "We hope to use the Solutions Stories videos as a bridge to galvanize support from decision makers and others to build and grow a clean energy economy in the Northwest."