text:
Tag: speech impediment
How to Treat Glaucoma Naturally
Glaucoma is a common type of eye disorder that forms an unhealthy build up of internal eye pressure, which is generally known as intraocular pressure. This increased pressure on the eye can often cause damage to the eye's optic nerve. If you don't treat glaucoma, your vision will typically distort and you could eventually lose your eyesight.
While you should always go and see a doctor if you're having problems with your eyes, there are also some natural treatments you can try. However, it's important that you get professional medical advice before trying any of them.
Some natural ways to treat glaucoma include taking various vitamins, nutrients, minerals, and herbs. These include jaborandi, vitamin C, Kaffir potato, oregano, and bilberry. Many of these ingredients are often put into pills and people take them orally. Some people even use cannabis as a home remedy.
Other ways to help relieve the symptoms and pressure include a proper diet and supplement program. This may include vegetables and fruits, and eight to 10 glasses of water a day. You should also exercise at least 20 minutes aerobically each day. This may include walking and swimming.
It's also important to make sure to keep your stress levels down as high stress has been known to cause chronic glaucoma. Other things you may want to try include meditation, yoga, and tai chi. You might also want to ask a doctor about doing eye exercises as they can help supply energy and blood to the eyes. This will help to drain toxins and congestion from the eyes.
Another way to treat glaucoma naturally is to make sure you avoid any foods you are allergic to. These foods can easily increase the intraocular pressure in the eyes. There are many other types of remedies you can try. Doing an internet search may also give you some excellent remedy ideas.
Playing Guitar and the Wound 3rd String
We all know that guitar strings come in many flavors. They can initially be separated into categories according to what types of guitars they are made for.
There are strings that are designed for acoustic guitars, electric guitars and classical guitars. Within those categories they can be further separated according to thickness (gauge), material, and brand.
Furthermore, each set of strings can be separated into categories of "wound" and "un-wound" strings.
Wound strings are manufactured by "winding" a material around a central core. The result is a "thicker" string capable of producing lower bass tones.
Two common materials that wound strings are made of are "bronze wound" strings, typically found on acoustic guitars – and "nickel wound" strings typically found on electric guitars.
Quite often, the main difference between a set of acoustic guitar strings, and a set of electric guitar strings (other than material); is that an acoustic set contains a wound 3rd string. On an electric set of guitar strings the 3rd string is often un-wound.
A typical set of acoustic guitar strings will usually look like this:
1st (E) – un-wound
2nd (B) – un-wound
3rd (G) – wound
4th (D) – wound
5th (A) – wound
6th (E) – wound
The extra thickness of the wound 3rd on a set of acoustic guitar strings helps add a "fullness" to the tone of an acoustic guitar by increasing the "bottom end" of the sound.
From the perspective of a lead guitarist that plays electric guitar, a wound third string can have a down side. A wound string is much harder to "bend" than an un-wound string.
To prove this to yourself, pick up an acoustic guitar with a wound third and attempt to bend the string. It can be done, but will require a lot of extra finger pressure, and the string will not have as much "give".
This is why most electric guitar sets come with an un-wound 3rd, because so many string bends, when playing lead guitar, take place on the 3rd string.
But ironically there are electric guitar strings available with a wound 3rd string.
Why? Because some electric guitarists that typically play rhythm guitar, prefer the extra "meat" in tone that the wound 3rd string produces.
Which one is best for you? It's hard to say and greatly depends on your personal preference and playing style.
But for the time being, just be aware of the differences between string sets with wound 3rd strings and un-wound 3rd strings, and play around with each until you find the one that works best for you.
Could Swine Flu Affect Our Pets?
All birds and mammals can be infected with a form of influenza virus, of which there are three types (A, B and C). Humans can be infected by forms of all three, but most flu varieties in animals and humans that cause serious health concerns are Influenza Type A. Viruses can mutate rapidly, and because hosts' immune systems do not initially protect against new mutations, new strains can subsequently cause widespread infection. Often new strains result from the spread of an existing flu virus from one species to another, which provides the virus with the necessary tools to transmit between members of a different species to it's usual host.
The latest flu strain to hit the headlines (H1N1) – commonly known as "Swine Flu" is a strain of Influenza Type A. While the normal version of "Swine Flu" causes outbreaks of influenza with low mortality rates in pigs, the strain which is currently causing human deaths is not the same virus. The new strain combines genes from human, pig, and bird flu and is similar to the strain that caused "Spanish Flu", responsible for a human pandemic in 1918. "Swine Flu" is an entirely different virus to the "Bird Flu" which was widely talked about last year, and among the most important differences is that "Bird Flu" infected humans who had direct contact with infected birds, where as "Swine Flu" is being transmitted from human to human.
Flu in Horses
Influenza is widespread in horses and is believed to have a nearly 100% infection rate in unvaccinated populations. Flu in horses is primarily caused by the H7N7 and H3N8 strains. In 2007, an outbreak caused the Sydney Races in Australia to be suspended.
Flu in Cats
An avian strain (H5N1) of Influenza Type A, which was given the popular name "Bird Flu", had until recently posed the greatest risk for a new pandemic pandemic since it first killed humans in Asia in the 1990s, but it did not mutate into a form that spreads easily among people. H5N1 is unusual in being deadly to many species, including domestic cats which were never previously susceptible to any influenza virus. Aside from when infected with H5N1, the term "Feline Flu" does not actually refer to infection by influencing, but instead generally refers to the symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Because cats have little exposure to influenza viruses, any case of flu which was able to transmit between humans or dogs and cats would probably lead to a widespread infection, since cats have no natural immunity to any influenza virus.
Flu in Dogs
Type A Influenza viruses also include equine influenza (H3N8), which in 2004 was discovered to be responsible for Canine Influenza. Because of the lack of previous exposure to this virus, dogs have no natural immunity to this virus.
Flu in Pigs
Although this new influence is being called "Swine Flu," it is being spread from person to person, not from pigs to people. None of the infected humans in North America have had contact with pigs, and no pigs in North America have been found to be infected with this strain. Pet pigs are there before not known to be able to contract the strain of "Swine Flu" which is being talked about in the news, however they are able to contract normal "Swine Flu", which does not normally have any more serious consequences than seasonal flu does for humans.
In general, influenza viruses are not transmitted from one species to another. For example, dogs and cat do not develop flu after exposure to owners with a seasonal flu virus. While it is theoretically possible for a new influenza strain to be visible between humans and other domestic animals, it is likely that such a strain would be transmissible between only humans and one other animal. Because the "Swine Flu" virus contains genetic elements of human, pig and avian flu viruses, it would seem very unquestionably that this strain would have the ability to infect hosts which are not humans, pigs or birds. And, according to the American Veterinary Medicine Association (AVMA), "there is no evidence that pets are susceptible to this new strain of influenza; it appears to be transmitted solely from person to person".
Alopecia Mucinosa
There are many conditions in the world that can affect a person and one of the most rare is alopecia mucinosa. This disease, related to others like alopecia areata, is directly related to hair loss and the methods by which the hair is killed off from normally healthy areas of the body. With that in mind it is easy to see why this particular disease is so disturbing to so many people. The loss of hair, even in small amounts can result in severe depression and so on, leading a person to a dark place. There is hope for those who suffer from this affliction but they need to be sure they are following the steps as laid down by their raising doctor.
As it was said, alopecia mucinosa is very rare and because of that there is very little in the way of information bouncing around the world. Several doctors have written medical articles on the subject but they are of very little help to the layman who is looking for some simple answers to the many questions. Alopecia mucinosa was first discovered in nineteen fifty-seven by a doctor by the name of Pinkus. He first diagnosed this disorder where scaly patches of skin appeared around a bald area on the patient. It was first known as follicullar mucinosis as it is actually the appearance of the mucinosis around the area that gives this disease its name and title.
This disease usually presents itself in the face, neck and scalp areas of the body. However, there have been reports of other areas where hair grows to be affected. There is no way to accurately predict where the disease will present and how long it will be around. A flare up with this kind of disease can last a couple days to several months depending on the severity of which the patient has been affected in the past. Certainly people are not looking to have this disease for long periods of time, but there is very little that can be done about it. The fact is that a person may have this disease for years, even from birth and may never know it until the point when a flare up occurs. It has been reported that some people lived their own lives without knowing that they were affected by alopecia mucinosa.
Like its many cousins, alopecia mucinosa is related to the immune system or more to the point, the failure of the immune system in a certain manner. This disease is commonly referred to as an auto-immune disease. That has a special meaning and puts the disease in a class that includes other more serious diseases, like Crohn's or IBD.
Auto-immune diseases are so named because the body's immune system is attacking normally healthy cells in the body. This is counteractive to the normal procedure where the immune system is actually designed to prevent infection among the cells of the body. There is no known cure for the auto-immune part of this disease.
Do I Have Vaginal Dryness Or a Yeast Infection?
Both yeast infections and vaginal dryness are problems that many women end up dealing with at some point in life. However, you want to make sure that you know which one you are dealing with, since they both have very different treatments. Not sure whether you are just dealing with vaginal dryness or you are dealing with a nasty yeast infection? Well, here's a closer look at some of the symptoms and treatments for both so you will be able to figure out which one you have, how to treat it, and when you need to seek medical attention for your problem.
The Symptoms of Vaginal Dryness
Understanding the symptoms of vaginal dryness is important. Usually this condition brings with it dryness that is unusual, dryness and discomfort that occurs during sexual intercourse, itching, pain, discomfort, and in some cases there can also be an odor. If this problem is not properly treated, it can get worse over time and the symptoms can get much more severe.
The Symptoms of a Yeast Infection
The symptoms of a yeast infection are different than that of vaginal dryness, although they may have a few things in common. You'll find that pain during intercourse often comes with a yeast infection too, as well as the discomfort and itching. However, there is a discharge that comes with a yeast infection that should make it fairly easy to differentiate from dealing with vaginal dryness. Usually the discharge is whitish in color, and many say it looks a bit like small curd cottage cheese. In most cases there is not a smell that comes with a yeast infection.
Treatments for Vaginal Dryness
There are many great treatments available for vaginal dryness today. Taking an all-natural Omega-7 supplement can help resolve your vaginal dryness without adding unnecessary chemical to your body. Sometimes just eating differently or even making sure that you stay hydrated with plenty of water can provide you with some help as well.
Treatments for Yeast Infection
Yeast infections are miserable, but they can be treated. There are many over the counter options available for yeast infection treatment. Eating yogurt can help, and even using plain yogurt right on the problem can help to take the yeast infection away. Wearing cotton clothing that is loose can be helpful, and there are many herbal remedies that are also available to help treat problems with yeast infections.
When You Need Medical Help
In some cases you may need medical help for your problem. If you are dealing with vaginal dryness, sometimes it's a result of lack of estrogen. To discuss your options, you should seek the advice of your healthcare professional. If you've never had a yeast infection, you should see your doctor as well to make sure it is really a yeast infection. In some cases you could end up having bacterial vaginosis, which many women mistakenly think is a yeast infection, and this can be a serious problem for you. So, getting medical attention can be important.
Nikola Tesla Discovery! (Pemf) 100 Years of Technology – Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy
PEMF 100 Year History! Pulsed Electromagnetic Field History!
Five hundred years ago, Paracelsus a Swiss physician and alchemist, wondered if diseases could be manipulated by magnets, using lodestones as the best magnets available then.
But, natural lodestones are quite weak and few people paid much attention to his ideas until the discovery of carbon-steel magnets in the 1700′s. During the 1800′s, most of the discoveries relating electricity to magnetism were made by the early pioneers of our modern technical world, men such as Gauss, Weber, Faraday and Maxwell among others One of the more interesting magnetic theories postulates something called "Magnetic Field Deficiency Syndrome." It is offered as an explanation of biomagnetic effects by Dr. Kyochi Nakagawa of Japan. The Earth's magnetic field is not fixed in position or strength. In the last hundred years, it has weakened on the average by about 6 percent. In the last thousand years, it has fallen nearly 30 percent.
Dr. Nakagawa argues that since humans evolved in a magnetic field, it is necessary for proper health. A falling magnetic field puts us at risk and magnetic therapy makes up the deficit. The truth is, no one really understands the mechanisms by which magnetic fields affect human health.
There are many theories but very little agreement. It is a problem as complicated as a human being, concerning dozens of organs and thousands of different molecules. Just because you can't explain something, doesn't mean it can't happen. For two hundred years, it has been possible to build magnets from coils of wire powered by electricity called electromagnets. Such devices can be pulsed to produce magnetic fields that change very rapidly. This opens a whole new world of medical applications since changing magnetic fields can induce tiny electrical currents in human tissue. Pulsing electromagnetic therapy is approved by the FDA to promote the healing of serious bone fractures. And powerful electromagnets are used in brain and muscle research to generate currents strong enough to fire nerves that trigger sensations and flex muscles. To date, there have been many basic research studies and many clinical trials of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy.
Historically, as far back as 1890, the American Electro-Therapeutic Association conducted annual conferences on the therapeutic use of electricity and electrical devices by physicians on ailing patients. Some involved current flow through the patient, while others were electrically powered devices. At first, only direct current (DC) devices were utilized in the medical doctor's office for relieving pain.
PEMF has a long history dating back 100 years to Nicola Tesla
Illustrates direct influence of PEMF Simplified explanation of PEMF effects, and illustration of agglutination reversal, and enhancement of cell field strength.
More PEMF Facts and History
The Greek physician Galen noted the cleansing powers of magnetism in his book De Simplicum Medicamentorum Temperamentis Ac Facultatibus around 200 B.C. The word magnet comes from the ancient Greek magnes lithos, meaning "stone from Magnesia," an area of Greece that was known for its volcanic rocks with magnetic attributes.
We now know the mineral in these rocks is magnetite. Magnetic therapy was already practiced in China around 2000 B.C., as recorded in The Yellow Emperor's Book of Internal Medicine. In that ancient medical text, "magnetic stones" were advocated to correct health imbalances. (Lawrence 1998/1) In the Middle Ages magnetic treatment was delivered by placing "lodestones" on the body. Lodestones, or "guiding stones," were so named because of their use in navigational compasses by Viking, European and Arab sailors.
At the end of the 19th century the electron was discovered and electro-magnetism was brought into the realm of science on the atomic level. Albert Einstein showed that electricity and magnetism are not discrete phenomena, but different aspects of the same phenomenon. (Encyclopedia Britannica Vol. 18 15th Ed. 1991/2) Medical textbooks included magnetism and electricity as therapeutic alternatives for insomnia, fatigue, arthritis, pain and convulsions. Magnetic boots, rings, girdles, caps and ointments were available in mail-order catalogues. At the same time Daniel David Palmer, Canadian fishmonger turned "magnetic healer" founded Palmer's School of Magnetic Cure in Davenport, Iowa. When in 1895 he began applying short-lever manipulations to the spine with great effect, the Palmer School of Chiropractic was born.
Mention the word "magnet" and the word "therapy" together in the same sentence in North America today and many people start to backpedal. Several historical events explain why this is so. Magnetic therapy became shrouded in mystery in part because of Franz Anton Mesmer, an 18th century German physician and mathematician. He wrote his doctoral thesis on gravitational fields in human health. He postulated that the body had "magnetic poles" and that these poles move out of alignment with the universal magnetic flow causing all illness. He called magnetism within the body "animal magnetism." His patients sometimes fainted or went into convulsions in his Paris salon, claiming that they had been "mesmerized." Mesmer's notions of magnetism gradually became equated with hypnotic suggestion.
Magnetic therapy as a branch of medicine and as an area of clinical research fell into further disfavor in North America as a result of the Abraham Flexner's report on "Medical Education in the United States and Canada," released in 1908. At the time of the Flexner Report, Drs. Will and Charlie Mayo, with their father, William Worrall Mayo, were still in the early years of the world's first group medical practice in the Minnesota frontier town of Rochester. The Mayo Clinic was an impressive display of great wisdom and forethought. By contrast, leaches, bloodlettings, elixirs and potions were also commonplace in most other parts of the United States and Canada. The rise in power of political medicine and the shift to nearly 100% dependence on pharmaceuticals for health led to an unfortunate period of dormancy, lasting 60 years, until the mid 1970s.
Beginning immediately after World War II, Japan began generating various electromagnetic wave shapes by changing electrical currents. This modality quickly moved to Europe, first in Romania and the former Soviet Union. From 1960 to 1985, nearly every European country designed and manufactured its own magnetic therapy systems. Todorov published the first book on modern electromagnetic field therapy in 1982 in Bulgaria. This work summarized clinical observations using magnetic fields to treat 2700 patients with 33 different pathologies.
The modern clinical application of electro-biology in North America began in 1971 when Friedenberg described their success in the healing of a nonunion fracture treated with 10 micro amps of direct current delivered with stainless steel electrodes. Avoiding the invasive nature of Friedenberg's direct currents, Dr. Andrew Bassett at Columbia University Medical Center introduced a new approach for the treatment of non-healing bone fractures and pseudarthroses that employed very specific, biphasic low frequency electromagnetic signals. Public awareness also increased in the mid-1970s amidst reports of successful enhancement of the speed and endurance of racehorses treated with electromagnetic fields. Based on the published work of Dr. Bassett, in 1979 the FDA allowed electromagnetic fields to be used in the USA for non-union and delayed union fractures. A decade later the FDA allowed the use of pulsed radiofrequency electromagnetic fields for the treatment of pain and edema in superficial soft tissues. It is now commonly accepted that weak electromagnetic fields are capable of initiating various beneficial biological processes including healing for delayed fractures, pain relief, and modulation of muscle tone and spasm.
Having healthy cells is not a passive process. Active, regular tuning-up of our cells is not only feasible, but also necessary to slow aging and reduce the risk of cell dysfunction. We are, after all, only as healthy as our cells. Imperceptible cell dysfunction that is not corrected early can lead to disease. Fine-tuning can be done daily in only minutes, using pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs). In addition, when there is a known imbalance (when symptoms are present) or there is a known disease or condition, PEMF treatments, used either alone or along with other therapies, can often help cells rebalance dysfunction faster.
PEMF works to:
· Reduce pain, inflammation, the effects of stress on the body, and platelet adhesion.
· Improve energy, circulation, blood and tissue oxygenation, sleep quality, blood pressure and cholesterol levels, the uptake of nutrients, cellular detoxification and the ability to regenerate cells.
· Balance the immune system and stimulate RNA and DNA.
· Accelerate repair of bone and soft tissue.
· Relax muscles.
PEMFs have been used extensively for decades for many conditions and medical disciplines, and results can be seen in animals as well as humans. The National Institutes of Health have made PEMFs a priority for research. In fact, many PEMF devices have already been approved by the FDA, some specifically to fuse broken bones, wound healing, pain and tissue swelling, and treat depression. Most therapeutic PEMF devices are considered safe by various standards and organizations.
What are PEMFs and how do they work?
Science teaches us that everything is energy. Energy is always dynamic and, therefore, has a frequency; it changes by the second or minute, for example, at the very least.
All energy is electromagnetic in nature. All atoms, chemicals and cells produce electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Every organ in the body produces it own signature bio electromagnetic field. Science has proven that our bodies actually project their own magnetic fields and that all 70 trillion cells in the body communicate via electromagnetic frequencies. Nothing happens in the body without an electromagnetic exchange. When the electromagnetic activity of the body ceases, life ceases.
Physics, that is, electromagnetic energy, controls chemistry. This in turn controls tissue function. Disruption of electromagnetic energy in cells causes impaired cell metabolism, whatever the initial cause. This happens anywhere in the disease process.
PEMFs address impaired chemistry and thus the function of cells – which in turn, improves health. PEMFs deliver beneficial, health-enhancing EMFs and frequencies to the cells. Low frequency PEMFs of even the weakest strengths pass right through the body, penetrating every cell, tissue, organ and even bone without being absorbed or altered! As they pass through, they stimulate most of the electrical and chemical processes in the tissues. Therapeutic PEMFs are specifically designed to positively support cellular energy, resulting in better cellular health and function.
Devices that produce PEMFs vary by a number of important features: frequency, waveform, strength, and types of stimulators. Frequencies can be simple or complex; and high, medium or low. Intensity can also be high, medium or low.
No "one-size" treatment fits all situations. Most PEMF devices help to varying degrees depending on the problem or condition, but selecting the wrong device may produce unsatisfactory results. Since the body is complex, PEMFs are ideal devices to be able get good results without needing a myriad of different treatments.
Most people recognize that oxygen, food, and water are extremely essential aspects of well being. Interestingly, very few folks understand that Magnetic Resonance Stimulation, (sometimes referred to as "MRS" or PEMF with means "Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields"), is also crucial for every living thing on Earth. Actually NASA, (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and RKA, (the Russian Federal Space Agency), have been using MRS and PEMF Therapy to help prevent magnetic deficiency disorders in their space-traveling explorers for many years. And, since the earliest space missions, many studies have shown that living human tissue and cells absolutely need PEMF.When these magnetic fields are so important to life as we know it, why haven't you heard of PEMF or MRS as often as you have the need to drive 8 glasses of water a day? Great question. In the past, people didn't really need to concern themselves with PEMF.
The Earth supplied adequate amounts and people lived a lot differently than we do now. They were outdoors more often and always receiving sufficient quantities of MRS naturally.Recently, however, modern life has changed the way humans interact with nature and people have altered the Earth's ability to produce PEMF. People have realized the benefits of PEMF Therapy and have increasingly sought out answers.In the past, man lived outside or in buildings made of natural materials, (such as huts and adobe homes).
Humans also spent a lot of time outside farming crops and hunting. But now, many people spend large quantities of time inside metal and concrete buildings. They work in them, shop in them, and go home to sleep in them. Many people no longer need to farm or hunt and may spend as little as 10% of their time actually outdoors. In the past, people travelled by horseback or on camels or other animals – outside and in touch with nature. But today, we find ourselves increasingly stuck in cars and subway cars and other metal and plastic and man-made modes of transportation. People also wear shoes, often with rubber soles rather than walking around barefoot or in shoes made from natural materials. All of these things separate us from the Earth's natural PEMF.Additionally, the PEMF that our planet IS producing is actually about 50% weaker than it was in the 1700?s. The reasons for this decline are unclear but some scientists believe it is linked to other environmental issues.Our modern lives also bombard us with unnatural, (aka "bad") PEMF from PCs, laptops, notebooks, cellular telephones, TVs, mp3 players and other devices.Our bodies are being assaulted on all sides and may be literally starving for PEMF. PEMF bed supplies users with all-natural,
Earth based PEMF.This device allows peoples to bask in a relaxing bath of natural PEMF which allows to recharge the body's batteries by restoring a natural balance to the body. The PEMF has been shown to be able to increase energy, improve mental focus, reduce pain, reduce inflammation, and allow folks to sleep better at night. It has also been a successful way to help prevent certain illnesses and even helps to facilitate relaxation and enhance people's mood.
They can be. Evidence is mounting that a new form of pollution called "electrosmog" is a very real threat because it is disruptive to cell metabolism. Manmade, unnatural EMFs come from electrical wiring and equipment, for example, power lines, communications towers, computers, TVs, cell phones – everything from the wiring in our homes to fluorescent lighting to microwave ovens, hair dryers, clock radios, electric blankets and more.
Electrosmog EMFs are not designed with the body in mind. They can be a strong inducer of stress in the body and, therefore, drain our energy. Electrosmog includes "dirty" electricity, ground currents, microwaves and radio waves. Microwaves are not only from leaky microwave ovens, but also from cell towers, cell phones and wireless equipment.
Electrosmog is all around us and can only be partially blocked. One of the best solutions is to take measures to decrease your exposure. With therapeutic PEMFs, one can purposely add beneficial balancing frequencies to the body to decrease the burden of the negative effects of electro smog.
PEMFs and Magnets: What's the difference?
PEMFs are frequency-based, applied to either the whole body or parts of the body. PEMFs may only be needed for short periods of time, while the effects last for many hours, setting in motion cellular and whole-body changes to restore and maintain balance in metabolism and health. The body does not acclimate, or "get used to," the healthy energy signals of therapeutic PEMFs, even if used for a long time, compared to magnets.
Stationary (or "static"), non-varying, magnetic fields from magnets have fixed strengths. They are used in mattresses, bracelets, knee wraps and the like. Most have very shallow penetration into the body, resulting in a very limited ability to affect deeper tissues, and they rarely treat all the cells of the body simultaneously. Only skilled practitioners may guide you to get the best results from these approaches.
Experience with PEMFs
There are quite a number of PEMF systems available now in the US, for daily in-home use, that can help meet your unique needs. Some are FDA-approved and many more are available over-the counter or from various experienced practitioners. Some whole-body systems have been available in the US for over a decade and have been used in Europe by tens of thousands of people for a wide variety of problems without significant negative effects for over 20 years. One PEMF system has been studied through NIH-supported research at the University of Virginia for Rheumatoid Arthritis. These whole body systems have been used worldwide, not only by health-conscious individuals for health improvement and maintenance, but also by world-class and Olympic athletes for increased endurance, enhanced performance, and faster recovery.
Explore the most affordable high intensity device used by many Doctors world-wide.Lean much more about this 21st Century medical device that is healing pain, creating wellness, with out drugs.
Neurological Significance of the Disorders of Vision – Optic Neuritis, Papilledema and Optic Atrophy
Amaurosis reflects to blindness from any cause. Amblyopia refers to injury or loss of vision which is not due to an error of refiation or to other disease of the eye itself. Visual impairment can be secondary to disease process anywhere along the visual pathway from the cornea to visual cortex.
Disorders affecting the media of the eye are included under ophthalmological disorders. Diseases of retina may cause visual impairment due to involvement of the Peripheral neurones, the rods or cones. Conditions like retinities, chorioretinitis, vascular diseases, retinal detachment and hemorrhages cause patchy or even complete loss of vision depending on the extent of lesion. The optic nerve may be affected by degenerative disorders, infections, neoplasms, toxins, trauma or vascular insufficiency. Such disorders begin as a central scotoma or a partial field defect and proceed to complete visual loss in that eye.
A lesion in the chiasma produces a characteristic field defect depending on whether the lesion begins at the center of the chiasm or from the outer aspect. The former produces betemporal hemianopsia, eg, Optic nerve glioma. The latter produces binasal hemianopsia, usually due to extrinsic compression by tumor. Lesions in the Optic tract produce contralateral hemianopsia, with absent pupillary light reflex. However, if the pupillary light reflex is preserved then the lesion is either at the geniculate body or in the optical radiation. Involvement of the lower fibers of the optic radiation coursing in the temporal lobe causes contralateral superior quadrantic hemianopsia, and affection of the upper fibers in the parietal lobe causes contralateral inferior quadrantic hemianopsia. Lesions of one occipital lobe cause contralateral hemianopsia with intact pupillary light reflex. Involvement of the upper lip of the calcarine fissure causes inferior quadrantic hemianopsia, and that of the lower lip of the calcarine fissure causes superior quadrantic hemianopsia, and that of the lower lip of the clacarine fissure causes superior quandrantic hemianopsia. Incomplete lesions of the optic tract and radiation usually partial central (macular) vision. A lesion of the tip of one occipital lobe produces a central homosexual hemianopic scotoma since half the macular fibers from both eyes terminate there. Lesions of bot occipital poles as in bilateral posterior cerebral artery embolism cause bilateral central scotoma, and bilateral lesions of the entire calcarine cortex cause cortical blindness.
Optical neuritis : In this, there is unilateral or bilateral loss of vision. It may be due to demyelination of toxic damage to the optic nerve. Common causes include toxic agents such as methyl alcohol, nicotine, lead, quinine, ethambutol or demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica (a combination of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis). The condition is associated with pain behind the eyeball. When the under cause cause is removed or treated, the vision typically recovers, but some cases may lead to inflammation of the optic disc (papillitis) and optic atrophy.
Papilledema : This is swelling of the optic disc as seen through the ophthalmoscope. The margins of the disc are indistinct. The physiological cup is filled. The medical margin of the disc shows more marked changes. The veins are congested.
Causes : Increased intracranial tension, malignant hypertension, disease of the retinal arteries such as giant cell arteritis, retinal vein thrombosis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, hematological disorders like acute leukemia and plycythemia vera, emphysema and pre-eclamptic toxemia. Visual loss consistants of concentric reduction of the field of vision and enlargement of the blind spot.
Optic atrophy The Ophthalmoscopic appearance of optic atrophy consists of pallor of the optic disc, with a punched out appearance, prominence of the lamina cribrosa and narrowing of the arteries. Optic atrophy may be "primary" or "secondary" and the fundoscopic findings are distinct. In primary optical atrophy, no other lesions is detectable on funduscopy. the lamina cribrosa is less distinct .. The term "consonic optical atrophy" is used when the Optic atrophy results from retinal diseases.
Causes : All causes of retrobulbar neuritis may lead to optic atrophy as well. Other rarer causes include pressure on the optic nerve or optic chiasm, occlusion of the central retinal artery and injury to the optic nerve. Primary optical atrophy occurs in association with hereditary cerebellar ataxias, Oras an isolated abnormality. Optic atrophy leads to gross dimunition of vision, leading to total blindness.
What You Need to Know About Shingles Symptoms
Shingles is a common disease in adults that frequently manifests as an awful and painful rash. The very first signs of shingles are a flaming or itchy pain inside or under the skin as felt by the patient. It may sometimes be associated with numbness.
Other common symptoms of shingles vary from fever to chilliness with a troubled stomach and head. The pain caused by shingles is sometimes meek and sometimes strong. Different people describe different feelings associated with shingles pain. The blazing feel in the affected area may sometimes join the killing pain. When 2 to 4 days pass with the early symptoms of shingles, a rash of tiny fluid filled blisters suggesting chickenpox, seen on the skin of the patient. The skin color also changes from its natural color to red.
Within 3 to 5 days the blisters turn up influentially making the situation worse. The eruption or blisters are typically limited to a specific band which is known as dermatome. These blisters may span one side of the box, around the waistline or may simply gather on a side of the face. Distribution of the shingles is an indication that will tell where the chickenpox virus is hiding. This virus may be present there since the start of the infection. The trunk and the face affect the most with comparison to the other parts of the body. In some remote cases the lower part of the body may also get affected.
The open arching takes 7 to 14 days from the date of blisters blow up to form outer layer on the skin. It may take further 14 days or so to get relief from the sores caused by the eruption of the blisters. The pain associated with it may be there for months and in some rare cases even for years! As the time passes, the immune system of the body improves to fight shingles and the symptoms of shingle recover. This is normal in most of the cases.
There may be cases where shingles complications happen. One of the most common complications is postherpetic neuralgia. When pain persists in the affected area even after the shingles healed is called posttherpetic neuralgia. It is important to see your physician if you have any of these symptoms.
Optical Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that are characterized by pressure that is too high for the optic nerve to withstand. The optic nerve is crucial in sight, as it is the nerve that sends all of the images created by the eye to the brain. Given its cruciality, damage to the nerve from glaucoma results first the loss of peripheral vision, and then central vision. Glaucoma can be treated in many different fashions with medication and often times surgery is required to stop it from completely damaging the optic nerve.
Glaucoma develops at a different rate for every individual, meaning that one individual might experience nerve damage from a relatively low amount of pressure, while another individual might have noticeably higher pressure and yet be able to withstand it for years without developing any damage.
There is several different types of glaucoma with the most commong type being: primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). POAG is dubbed the "sneak thief of sight" because it typically has no symptoms. Another type of glaucoma is acute angle-closure glaucoma, which is commonly characterized by an acute rise in the intraocular pressure. Acute angle-closure glaucoma occurs in eyes that are vulernible as the pupil dilates, thus blocking the flow of fluid through it. Acute angle-closure glaucoma will generally cause pain and blurred vision, and in more extreme cases leads to irreversible visual loss within a short time. In such cases immediate treatment is required.
Some symptoms of the disease are: halos around bright lights as well as the loss of sight (slowly or rapidly). If you suspect that you or someone you know is affected with glaucoma it is extremely important to have it checked out by an eye doctor immediately because untreated glaucoma can result in total loss of sight.
Epilepsy – Living With Intractable Refractory Diagnosis and What That Means
Intractable Refractory Epilepsy (IRE) is a diagnosis, made only after all available treatments have been tried and all have failed – the person continues to suffer from seizure activity. The amount and frequency of seizures will differ from one person to another.
In any case though, life is drastically different for people with this diagnosis than the average person realizes. While it is hard to wrap one's mind around the effects of intractable refractory epilepsy, it is even more difficult to comprehend the full impact this diagnosis has on daily life.
The person with intractable refractory epilepsy will never:
Be able to drive a motor vehicle. Most states require a person be seizure free a minimum of six month. This is verified by written report from the person's doctor for obvious reasons. Motorcycles are strictly off limits. Even a go-cart can be deadly for someone with IRE.
Be able to seek or maintain gainful employment in most industries that require – the operation of any machinery, sharp utensils, handling of glass, hot liquids, precision of touch, abstract thinking, climbing. Or involve strong odors, flashing lights, sharp or sudden noise, extreme temperatures, the list looks to be endless. Even specifically jobs developed and aimed towards the handicapped will most often preclude any opportunities for those with a diagnosis of this type epilepsy.
Imagine never being able to take a bath, unless someone is right next to you. Nor can you take a shower in privacy. Never going on a walk, unless accompanied by a companion. Even visiting amusement parks can be a seizure trigger. No rides that have sudden movements or move too fast, too high, too loud or flashing lights. Snow or water skiing are big no-nos without having someone in tandem. Riding a bike is even dangerous for people with intractable refractory epilepsy.
Cooking is dangerous for obvious and not so obvious reasons: danger of hot oils or food, heat and fires, blenders and mixers, knives, glassware and more. Whether dropping these items, falling upon these items, or flinging these items during a seizure; all possess the potential for deadly consequences – or at the least, disfiguring and maiming consequences.
Even in the privacy of their own rooms, there is no privacy. Someone is either watching or at the least, listening at all times. Sporting events, watching movies, even walking can be a life threatening danger for people with this diagnosis.
For women diagnosed with this condition, the possibility or potential for giving birth is next to none. Many are on volatile medications, some of which cause birth defects. Even removing or barring those risks, there remains high risk and low probability for carrying to full term due to hormonal fluctuations. Changes in hormone levels often trigger seizure onslaughts.
Sexual relationships are even a 'stretch of the imagination' for women and men with this diagnosis. Stimulation and arousal, changes in blood pressure and endorphins which trigger emotional reactions cause chemical changes in the body, thus causing changes in brain activity. All of which can trigger seizure activity.
Imagine for a moment … being dependent on another person for almost every need you might have. While they are not alone in their circumstances, their special needs tend to be overlooked and under funded. Accommodations must be made for the immobile person which requires wheelchairs, walkers and so forth. But, for these individuals, the gaps and gaping cracks in services, considerations, awareness and legal recourse are the equivalent of trying to cross oceans without a boat or so much as a life preserver.
To fully grasp the reality of this diagnosis is impossible for anyone who has not deal with it personally. But, to get a better idea of what these people face I suggest the following :
Spend just one day trying to function under the shadow of a companion. Whether it's your morning shower or simply eating breakfast. What about getting out of the house and going somewhere? Did you remember to carry your medical information with you? How about some extra clothes? And odor sealing bag for soiled clothes, if necessary. Yes, this is also a reality for people with this diagnosis.
Now, imagine again – you are in the store shopping one moment, then the next thing you know, you are lying on the floor [most likely with soiled clothes] and people are standing over you. You hear them speaking, but the words make no sense. You try to speak back, but only garbled syllables come out of your mouth. At first, you are trying to figure out where you are or what you were doing. Slowly it dawns on you what must have just happened – you had a seizure. If this is not disturbing enough, you must now make your way to the public restroom and clean yourself up. Aware of all the onlookers and 'calls' for 'cleanup' might also be heard over the PA system. Making a quiet or discrete exit is impossible.
People with IRE will not even have the benefit of leaving under the cover of medical assistance [ambulance]. You see, with this diagnosis, more often than not, it is up to the caregiver accompanying them to attend their medical needs. Calling an ambulance every time they have a seizure is not only impractical, but is most often not considered a 'covered' medical emergency.
Unlike all other seizure disorders, regular seizures are anticipated and considered 'normal' for the person with this diagnosis. Although there are trials going on that hold some promise, the person with IRE can only live each day to the utmost until a cure is found.
I hope this glimmer of insight has given you some idea of what a person with intractable refractory epilepsy deals with on a day to day basis, and over their life times.
How to Stop Stammering
If learning how to stop stammering appeals to you, then this article is exactly what you have been looking for. Let me tell you, I know all too well what it's like to suffer from a stammer, otherwise known as a stutter in the UK. I had this issue for many years, and it can really affect your confidence, as well as a whole host of other things. In this article, you're going to learn exactly how to speak fluently, super quickly!
I guess for people who speak fluently, they just do not know what stammerers go through. To them, they look at a stammerer, and see someone who struggles with speaking. Well, I think this type of speech problem is like an iceberg. What everyone else sees is only a fraction of the problem. When I stuttered, my confidence was at rock bottom, and felt very unhappy with where I was in life.
I also used to shy away from large social gatherings, or places where I would have to speak a lot, or speak louder than normal, such as clubs. Often, I would simply decide to stay at home by myself, than go out and have fun partying with my friends, all because I was terrified of stuttering like crazy, and people looking at me like I was some sort of freak.
I hated living like that! I wanted to go out and enjoy myself, without the overwhelming fear hanging over me, ruining my fun. So I went on a mission to learn how to stop stammering once and for all.
One of the things I learned about how to stop stammering, was that the problems are often caused by a lack of confidence and self esteem issues. Well, I was not surprised as this was exactly what I was suffering with! So I knew I had to turn myself around here, but I wanted some techniques to improve my speaking straight away also.
That's when I learned this technique. Basically, in order to speak more fluently, you need to start talking slower, and move your mouth around a lot more. Exaggerate what you're saying with your lips. I often mumbled a lot while I was a stammerer, and this technique taught you to speak more clearly and fluently.
This was a great method to learn how to stop stammering, however I did not want to speak like this forever. I did not simply want to talk slower, I wanted to speak like everyone else!
Little Known Facts About Our Favorite Icons Of Horror Films – They Were Human!
Which "monster" was a decorated World War I veteran who was wounded three times and saved the lives of his fellow soldiers? Why, that was Bela Blasko, who achieved worldwide fame when he portrayed the vampire count in Universal's 1931 epic "Dracula". Of course, by that time, he had changed his last name to "Lugosi", which was derived from his hometown of Lugos, Hungary. He also never learned to drive a car.
I grow up an addict of "Creature Features" on Channel 44, WTOG-TV, out of St.. Petersburg, Florida, and loved watching all of the classic horror films they screened. The host was a certain Dr. Paul Bearer (real name Dick Bennick). With so many years of regular Saturday afternoon and evenings spent with the good doctor, my brain became addled with facts and figures about all of these heroes of the dark.
Lon Chaney Sr., the retired silent star which most famous roles include "The Phantom of the Opera" and "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", learned his acting skills in part from his deaf mute parents. He had to learn pantomime in order to communicate, a talent that greatly improved his on-screen intensity. He also was an all-around good guy, frequently helping out fellow players and film crew without seeking any credit. Once, Chaney saw an arriving actor named William Henry Pratt walking home from the studios andave him a ride. So what, you say? Well, Pratt's stage name was Boris Karloff, who went on to portray the Frankenstein monster and the original Mummy. Chaney cave Karloff observable advice about what he should do to make his own career improve … advice which he heeded. Karloff later co-founded the Screen Actors Guild, and was the narrator of "How The Grinch Stole Christmas", a beloved holiday cartoon.
Lon's son Creighton Chaney would go on to become Lon Chaney, Jr., and also carve his name in the horror legend book. His most famous role was that of "The Wolf Man", but he ever played nearly every major horror character that had been created up to that point. Lon Jr. was known as a big-hearted guy, like his father, who helped anyone and everyone he could. This help even went beyond the grave. He donated his body to the University of Southern California for medical research.
Peter Lorre was well-known for a wide variety of roles, but mostly those with a dark twist, including the films "M" and "Mad Love". He fled Hungary and Nazi Germany for Hollywood, later to be invited by Adolf Hitler to return to Germany and be part of their film community. With so many roles as killers in the movies, Lorre shot back a letter to the Nazis to inform them that they did not need his talents since they already had so many murderers in their ranks. In earlier years, Lorre studied under Dr. Sigmund Freud, which may explain his understanding of characters with, shall we say, "character flaws."
Vincent Price was a St. Vincent Louis native, although many people still believe him to be at least partly English. His grandfather invented the first cream of tarter sauce, and his father was president of the National Candy Company. Vincent was a connoisseur of all fine things, including art and cooking. He educated Americans about fine art, selling more than 50,000 items through Sears Roebuck as part of his "Vincent Price Collection", and publishing a variety of gourmet cookbooks. With his famous films including "House of Wax" and "The House on Haunted Hill", he also expanded into popular music. Price's voice can be heard on Alice Cooper's "Devil's Food / The Black Widow" and Michael Jackson's "Thriller".
Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee enjoyed years of work together for Hammer Films in England, becoming best friends. Cushing is best known as the gaunt Dr. Frankenstein and Professor Van Helsing in the Hammer remakes of many Universal classics. Other roles for Cushing included Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Who, but despite his favorite role was as husband to his beloved Helen. Her 1971 death haunted him for the rest of his life, and he consistently looked forward to the day he would rejoin her. His love for his wife was commemorated in the "Helen Cushing Rose", a special strain of flower created in 1986.
Christopher Lee has remained the longest purveyor of the classic horror genre, still appearing in films even into his 90's. Best known in recent years for his roles in "The Lord of the Rings" and "Star Wars" films, Lee's deep voice has also graced a variety of theater, musical, and record productions. He is related through his family to James Bond creator Ian Fleming, and appeared in Fleming's "The Man With the Golden Gun." Lee is also a World War II veteran, and was knighted by the Queen of England. He speaks English, Italian, French, Spanish, German, Swedish, Russian, and Greek.
The author is a writer, musician, film producer, record producer, and musical arranger who was born in Somerville, New Jersey and grew up in Melbourne, Florida. greg@gregvadimsky.com
Essential Oil of Balsam Fir – A Royal Oil Fit For Kings
This particular balsam fir comes from up on the Canadian border from Christmas tree farms that became overgrown. Idaho Balsam Fir is in the pine family of essential oils.There is some evidence now that the "liquid gold" referred to in the Bible was none other than Balsam, an oil fit for kings and royalty. It was one of the three oils found in King Tutankhamun's grave in 1922 and it is now thought that balsam was the "Balm of Gilead." Balsam has been used for thousands of years as a medicinal oil for respiratory and muscular and rheumatic pain. Balsam Fir is mentioned 18 times in the Bible in 1 Kings, 2 Kings, 2 Chronicles, the Psalms, the Song of Solomon, and in the prophets Isaiah, Ezekiel, Hosea, Nahum and Zechariah.
How Did Medieval Healers Use Balsam Fir?
Balsam fir has been used for respiratory and muscular system ailments. In the 12th century, Hildegard of Bingen referred to balsam and said it was of "royal nature" and advised that it ought to be used as a medicine with great caution because it was so powerful. She used it for fevers, for paralysis, and for someone who was insane by making an ointment with it and rubbing it on their temples and around the head to restore their mind and good health.
How Can Balsam Fir Help Us Stay Healthy Today?
Balsam fir has proved to be an anticoagulant and an anti-inflammatory. It is used by many massage therapists because it is a relaxant to the nervous system and to muscle spasms. Balsam can lower cortisol levels. Studies have shown that balsam will inhibit MCF7- (Aggressive Breast Cancer cells). Idaho Balsam Fir and Frankincense work great together inhibiting cancers in seven different cancer lines. Balsam is used for throat, lung, sinus infections, for fatigue, arthritis and rheumatism. It is also good for urinary tract infections, for scoliosis, lumbago and sciatica. The main effects of Idaho Balsam fir is anti-inflammatory.
How Is Balsam Fir Used?
This oil can be inhaled, applied neat (undiluted) on the body or diluted one part Idaho Balsam Fir to one part mixing oil. It can be diffused or taken as a dietary supplement and can be applied on location for muscle spasms. as for safety, Idaho Balsam fir is non-toxic.
For more information on how this ancient oil has modern day applications, you may wish to attend an aromatherapy program that discusses the Biblical oils. The Institute of Spiritual Healing and Aromatherapy offers courses across the United States and it discusses the biblical oils including balsam fir.


ITO gives online presentation, examination and information administration administrations to the vehicle part with an accentuation on open transport and economical individual travel. ITO offers items for both travel experts and others: ITO gives free online items to the UK transport segment to enhance the nature of key open transport datasets under contracts with the Department for Transport and Traveline. ITO can give convincing open confronting exposure data for any area in the UK and is creating compelling data dissection and presentation abilities. ITO helps various 'swarm sourced' information gathering tasks, which permit clients to earnestly captivate with transport procurement in energizing new ways. ITO helps the inventive utilization of data innovation by the voyaging open in a major new government supported activity.


Do you fancy trying an afternoon tea with a difference? How about trying the delectable array of pastries and sweet stuff on offer at Cardiff's Park Plaza Laguna Restaurant's afternoon tea but quaffing back a potent Hendrick's elderflower collins gin cocktail instead of a pot of Earl Grey?
Park Plaza do like to offer it's dinners ever changing options for it's afternoon tea and it's latest offering is the Hendrick's G & Tea afternoon tea. You get the same scrumdidliumptious finger sandwiches, scones, pastries and cakes but for those who are partial to making the most of an afternoon out you can ditch the tea for something a bit stronger with it's signature Hendrick's elderflower collins (Hendrick's gin, St Germain elderflower liqueur, maraschino liqueur, lemon juice and soda) served in a special Hendrick's teapot.
Why not make an actual afternoon of it and leave the best till last with a discount voucher towards the Hendrick's G & Tea afternoon tea and full use of the spa facilities at the Laguna Health Spa at the hotel for just £27 each. You can emerse yourself in the tranquil waters, bubbles and steam of the spa making you totally relaxed in the knowledge you're going to be sampling some of the best afternoon tea delights on offer in Cardiff all washed down with a fine gin cocktail at the end of your pamper session.
Customers of the afternoon tea's don't normally gain access to the spa facilities of the hotel normally so this is a great deal and would make the ideal gift for a birthday or just to put a smile on someone special's face because who needs an excuse to pamper yourself and eat devilishly good plates of carbs with a gin chaser!
Please not this is a time limited offer so be quick to snap it up before it disappears or is all booked up on Travelzoo.


text:
Fire breaks out at Aspen Glen
UPDATE: Tuesday 1:37 a.m.
Katie O
A fire broke out at the Aspen Glen Apartments Monday night, sending three people to the hospital with unknown injuries, according to National Emergency Alerts.
The fire occurred at 308 Aspen Glen Drive, according to the Hamden Firefighters' Twitter account. The account said units were responding to the fire at 11:13 p.m. Monday.
All visible fire had been knocked down as of 11:53 p.m., according to the Twitter account. As of 12:02 a.m. Tuesday, the Hamden Fire Department determined the scene to be under control, according to the National Emergency Alerts.
Many residents were displaced immediately following the fire and the Red Cross was alerted, according to Hamden Police Sgt. Michael Cirillo.
There are 443 units in the entire Aspen Glen complex, according to Alex Stanco, a worker at Aspen Glen. Stanco estimates about 65 people live in building three.
The Hamden Fire Department began examining the burned area to see if the fire would re-kindle shortly before midnight, according to the Hamden Fire Department's Twitter.
Senior Theo Siggelakis posted on his Facebook page that his apartment burned in the fire.
"Everyone is ok," Siggelakis wrote on Facebook.
Students who have been affected by the fire can contact Residential Life at 203-582-6200, and will be given a room on campus, according to the QU Student Affairs Twitter account.
Senior Emily Ott, who also lives in Aspen Glen responded to a woman who was evacuated from the building.
"My friend called me and we ran to the porch and saw [the fire] and immediately grabbed all our coats and boots and any blankets and ran outside," Ott said. "When we ran out we heard people screaming. It was terrifying."
Senior Andrew Wells said his fire alarm went off even though he did not live in the building.
"We went outside and we saw the smoke," Wells said. "We walked toward the apartment, there were fire trucks everywhere. It looked like the second and third floor of the apartment were burnt out."
Video courtesy of Anthony Geranio.
Units responding to 308 Aspen Glen Dr for a reported working fire Squad 1 o/s reports working Fire from the 3rd floor in a mod
— Hamden Firefighters (@IAFFLocal2687) February 25, 2014
Stay with The Chronicle for updates.
Aspen Glen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What is the custom for filling an order when there is a gold cost to sending a mail w/ an attachment.
I was COD on the cost to send the mail only and I got a little hand slap.
All costs are to be covered by the crafter. The marketplace is the test of a members willingness to give. It's one of the measurements for the higher ranks that must be completed. A person that seeks reward and personal gain is not someone we want in our upper layers of the family. The higher you go the more servitude you display. All of my elders were chosen because they gave to others before themselves.
One thing to remember as well is that a clarification of the way the family does things isn't meant as a hand slap. We've got a lot of new members and even for those who have been around a while, well, if we're alive and breathing we're still learning. :) It's all good.
The thing with Gaiscioch marketplace system is, you get what you put int, not immediately, but eventually. And since pretty much all involved in this system are honorable, I haven't encountered anybody that is an exception, you do get what you put in. In the sense that after you contribute for some time, you accrued family vault credits that you can use to put up work order to get help when you need it.
There is things that virtual gold can't buy, that's helping guild members and be helped as well.
I'm new to MMOs the group that I started play with, craft things for each other all the time and our standard in that group was put COD for the cost of sending.
It was a habit for that group I wont do it for contrib to Gaiscioch.
This is a good question, glad it was part of the FAQ. I understand both the OP's question/experience and the guilds point of view. Thanks for posting!


Where is Bod�dromo in Brazil?
The region Pernambuco has 1588 cities.
Bod�dromo is situated in the region Pernambuco in Brazil!
Here you will find the location of Bod�dromo on a map.
All places in the world called Bod�dromo.
Where is Bod�dromo on the map?
Meridian: I-5 at MP 170.1: NE Ravenna Blvd.
Where is Bod�dromo relative to other places?
Top 10 cities in Pernambuco and distance from Bod�dromo.
Top 10 cities in Brazil and distance from Bod�dromo.


text:
Second member of staff at North West hospital diagnosed with coronavirus
This comes after it was reported that a top surgeon had already tested Covid-19
Liam Thorp
Chantelle HeedsLive News Reporter
Aintree Hospital
A second member of staff at a hospital in the North West has been diagnosed with coronavirus.
The Aintree University Hospital staff member's case relates to a number of patients confirmed on Wednesday (March 11). It is thought that one of these is the first case confirmed in Sefton.
The most recent diagnosis comes after it was reported that a top surgeon at the hospital had become infected with the Covid-19.
They tested positive on Monday morning after returning from a trip to Italy.
It is thought that the latest case is a member of staff who came into contact with the surgeon, Echo reports.
More than 100 new cases, and ten dead, in latest UK coronavirus figures
Dad went on ski trip with 24 people - and 17 now tested positive for coronavirus
Speaking about the new case, a spokesperson for Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, said: "We can confirm that a second member of staff at Aintree University Hospital has tested positive for coronavirus (COVID-19).
"They were identified, informed and advised as part of contact tracing related to an existing case.
"The member of staff concerned has been asked to self-isolate at home.
"This tried and tested method is to ensure we are able to minimise any risk to them, our patients and the wider public.
"Advice has been sought from PHE experts and the chance of transmission to staff and patients in the wider hospital setting is considered to be low.
"An extensive 'contact tracing' exercise is underway to trace anyone who might have had close contact with the member of staff.
"The health, safety and wellbeing of all our staff is an absolute priority and we will work within the guidelines issued by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) to ensure all practices are safe and meet the necessary requirements.
"If you haven't been contacted then you don't need to take any further action, other than follow the existing advice for the general public.
"Aintree University Hospital remains open and patients should attend their appointments as planned.
For the majority of people the risk from COVID-19 is low. The NHS has an online service that can tell you if you need medical help, which is available at www.111.nhs.uk/covid-19 or by calling NHS 111."
Merseyside News


You want your trade show display to be comfortable for your guests whether they're standing or sitting. The VK-2026 creates an inviting atmosphere with space for chairs, a modular pedestal, and even two iPad kiosks. The large format tension fabric graphics are an ideal backdrop for your marketing message, each nearly 8 ft high. And like most modular hybrid systems, it can be reconfigured for a 10 ft. display.
All Gravitee Modular designs combine vibrant tension fabric graphics, durable aluminum extrusions, and elegant laminates into an unmistakable island or inline trade show exhibit. Browse through the Visionary Designs Galleries with almost 100 display ideas to choose from. Don't see exactly what you want. No problem. We'll design a display that fits your unique vision at a price that meets your budget.
The lead time for the GK-2026 | Gravitee Inline is 17 Days.


text:
RED BANK: OGRE ACHIEVERS AND MORE
Above: The cast of LAUGHTER ON THE 23rd FLOOR brings the Monmouth Players' "Season of Simon" to a rollicking close in Navesink…while below, SHREK: THE MUSICAL kicks off the 2014 slate of shows from Red Bank's Phoenix Productions at the Count Basie.
When the borough-based Phoenix Productions returns to the Count Basie Theatre this weekend, it'll be kicking off its 2014 season of musical entertainments at the venerable venue — a local tradition that has seen the 25-year old Phoenix company up the ante considerably in terms of production values. Beginning Friday, April 25, the community stage troupe will be commandeering the Basie boards for six performances of a family favorite that's as recently minted as it is minty green: Shrek the Musical, the stage adaptation of William Steig's children's book characters (and more to the point, the even more popular Dreamworks animated films). Jay Giberson stars as the unseemly ogre (and unlikely hero), with Carly Nelson as feisty Fiona, Aaron Lee Battle as wisecracking sidekick Donkey, and Anthony Preuster as Lord Farquaad, the bad guy with a 'short' temper. The show under the direction of Rick Joyce continues for two weekends, Fridays and Saturdays at 8 pm and Sundays at 3 pm, through May 4. Tickets are priced between $20 – $32, and can be reserved right here, with tix also on sale for the upcoming Phoenix stagings of Grease and The Sound of Music.
The Treehouse Shakers bring HATCHED: LIFE ON THE FARM, their interactive theatrical experience for young audiences, to the stage of Two River Theater for three Saturday performances.
Although their ambitious "Season of Simon" — the maiden voyage for their newly re-energized Navesink Arts Center — took its share of lumps from schedule conflicts and the peskiest winter in recent memory, the Monmouth Players conclude the 2013-2014 slate with a return engagement of a favorite from seasons past, Laughter on the 23rd Floor. Continuing Doc Simon's semi-autobiographical excursion into his professional past, the 1993 comedy uses the playwright's experiences as a staff writer for the late TV kingpin Sid Caesar to craft a cohesive framework for personal dynamics and a plethora of gags. Performances are Friday and Saturday at 8:15 pm (Sunday's matinee is sold out) — and the show continues (with that justifiably famous spread of homemade desserts) through May 3. Call (732)291-9211 for tickets ($18) — and take it here for a feature story regarding the rebirth of the historic Navesink Library, on redbankgreen.
While the dynamite Two River Theater Company production of Trouble in Mind enters its final weekend (catch our review here on redbankgreen), TRTC's branded Bridge Avenue artspace plays host on Saturday to the Treehouse Shakers Dance & Theatre Company, with an interactive production for the youngest of young theatergoers, ages 2 to 6. Described as a movement piece that uses puppets and minimal dialogue, Hatched: Life on the Farm engages the imagination in its portrayal of hatchling chicks, a wobbly calf, baby birds, and other barnyard animals, as they all explore their new world. The troupe offers up three performances (10 am, 1:30 and 4 pm); take it here for schedule details and tickets ($15 ages 2 to 6; $20 adults and older kids).
Posted on April 25, 2014 at 12:00 pm, filed under MIDDLETOWN, Featured, RED BANK, Theater and tagged count basie theatre, hatched, middletown nj, monmouth players, navesink arts center, neil simon, phoenix productions, red bank nj, shrek the musical, two river theater. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post. Trackbacks are closed, but you can post a comment. Email this story.
PREVIOUS: WHAT'S FOR LUNCH? BURRITO, THEN NAP NEXT: RED BANK: LIBRARY TO GET SLICE OF RBIFF PIE


text:
Commentary OpinionDEFENDING THE WEST
Philadelphia blacklists bus ads, enforces Shariah
Exclusive: Pamela Geller sues transportation authority on 1st Amendment grounds
By Pamela Geller
We have filed a free-speech lawsuit against the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, or SEPTA, for refusing to run our ad calling attention to Islamic Jew-hatred on buses in Philadelphia.
We are suing, of course, on First Amendment grounds. SEPTA has just filed its opposition to our motion for a preliminary injunction forcing the ads to be put, including a declaration from an "expert," Jamal J. Elias, a humanities professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who says our ad is simply false. In fact, it is his claims about our ad that are false, while our ad is entirely accurate.
But even so, this is incredible. Now the government is taking sides, and rejecting our ad because it claims it contains false statements. Does it similarly vet every advertiser's statement about every commercial product that is claimed to give you whiter teeth, fresher breath, your perfect match for life, and any number of other claims? Is the government really going to go into the business of judging the veracity of every claim in every ad it allows to be put up on its buses or in other public advertising spaces?
Of course it isn't. It is singling out our ad for this treatment because it doesn't like our point of view. It violates the blasphemy laws under the Shariah. Under Islamic law, you cannot offend or criticize Islam. The government is enforcing the Shariah.
This is exactly what the First Amendment was designed to protect the American people against: the government prohibiting the free expression of one point of view that it opposed. Apparently SEPTA and its lawyers think that it is unlawful to state your opinion publicly if that opinion is out of favor with the political elites, and they want the government to have the authority to determine which opinions are acceptable to be expressed publicly and which aren't. It sounds as if SEPTA is taking pointers from their predecessors of Nazi Germany or the Soviet Union.
Meanwhile, it is Elias who is actually wrong. Our ad is accurate. Elias claims that our calling the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini, the "leader of the Muslim world," is wrong. In 1946 the Arab League appointed al-Husseini chairman of the Arab Higher Committee. The Arab League was founded in Cairo in 1945 by Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Transjordan (Jordan from 1946) and Yemen (North Yemen, later combined Yemen). Is that not the heart of the Muslim world?
Pamela Geller's commitment to freedom from jihad and Shariah shines forth in her books – featured at the WND Superstore
The Arab Higher Committee was given the same diplomatic status as the Jewish agency for Palestine in the partition of Israel in 1948. The Mufti al-Husseini was the chairman of the Arab Higher Committee. The political committee of the general assembly of the United Nations, without a dissenting vote, decided to invite the Arab Higher Committee to testify before it on the issue of Israel and the Arab Muslims.
The Mufti was also important enough to play a role in the Third Reich's extermination of Jews. SS Hauptsturmfuehrer Dieter Wisliceny, a close collaborator of Adolf Eichmann, testified that "the grand mufti, who had been in Berlin since 1938, played a role in the decision of the German government to exterminate the European Jews the importance of which must not be disregarded. He had repeatedly suggested to the various authorities with whom he had been in contact, above all before Hitler, Ribbentrop and Himmler, the extermination of European Jewry. He considers this as a comfortable solution of the Palestine problem. In his messages broadcast from Berlin, he surpassed us in anti-Jewish attacks. He was one of Eichmann's best friends and has constantly been cited him to accelerate the extermination measures. I heard say that, accompanied by Eichmann, he has visited incognito the gas chamber it Auschwitz." The statement referred to in the affidavit was made by Eichmann in his office in Budapest on June 4, 1944; the confirmation by Wisliceny was given some days later also in Budapest.
Further, according to testimony at the Nurenberg trials, "[T]he mufti was a bitter arch enemy of the Jews and had always been the protagonist of the idea of their annihilation. This idea the mufti had always advanced in his conversations with Eichmann."
Elias also claims: "The commands in the Hebrew Bible regarding the treatment of non-Jews are dramatically harsh, and arguably much more hateful than what one finds in the Qur'an (or the New Testament)."
In reality, the violence in the Quran is prescriptive, while the violence in the Bible is descriptive. That is, any commands to do violence in the Bible are a one-time directive, not a command to all believers in all times and places. And they have ever after been spritualized by interpreters, not used to justify violence. The violence in the Quran is in the form of commands to believers for all time, and mainstream interpreters see the Quran's violent passages as calls to action in our own day.
But above all, in the context of the First Amendment, Elias' testimony is absurd. The First Amendment is supposed to prevent the government from taking sides. We are certain to win this one, but if we don't, this country is in for some very dark times.
Media wishing to interview Pamela Geller, please contact [email protected].
Receive Pamela Geller commentaries in your email
BONUS: By signing up for Pamela Geller alerts, you will also be signed up for news and special offers from WND via email.
Where we will email your daily updates
A valid zip code or postal code is required
Click the button below to sign up for Pamela Geller's commentaries by email, and keep up to date with special offers from WND. You may change your email preferences at any time.
Pamela Geller is president of the American Freedom Defense Initiative, publisher of PamelaGeller.com and author of "FATWA: Hunted in America" and "Stop the Islamization of America: A Practical Guide to the Resistance." Follow her on Twitter here. Like her on Facebook here.
@pamelageller
Catholic Church snagged by 'the Geller Ban'
Travesty: Migrant attackers of 5-year-old unpunished
CNN ambushes me in attempt to silence dissent
Now San Francisco wages brutal war on free speech
Will victim of 'refugee' rapists ever get real justice?


text:
Blog: VLP Speaks
Select One Executive CompensationCommercial Lending, Structured Finance & Venture DebtMergers & AcquisitionsPrivacyVenture CapitalEventsNew and Emerging CompaniesNewsAdvertising & MarketingPress ReleasesReal EstateTechnology TransactionsBlogIntellectual Property
Protecting Your Domain Name: What do Bruce Springsteen and Venus and Serena Williams all Have in Common?
Posted on Jan 22, 2019 in Intellectual Property, Blog by Scott Austin
What do Bruce Springsteen and Venus and Serena Williams all have in common? In each case, while they were out making their fame, someone else was stealing it online. They are just 3 of the many cases of domain hijacking. In each case, they fought to protect their name under the Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (UDRP) when it was abused online through a hijacked domain name.
The process can be surprisingly difficult, even for cases that a layperson would believe to be relatively simple. For instance, even though Rolling Stone magazine called Springsteen "the embodiment of rock & roll," he could not protect his name from cybersquatting.
Serena, arguably the greatest female tennis player ever, faced similar risks, but was able to shut down venusandserenawilliams.com (and avoid paying the hijacker's $1,000,000 asking price) only because her opponent was incompetent. Luckily for the Williams' sisters, the opponent, who wasn't a lawyer, represented herself, and presented a poor case with contradictory and false evidence.
Bruce Springsteen's Case
Although the average American would probably identify the name 'Bruce Springsteen' with the performer and not anyone else (a typical test for trademark protection), the UDRP is a unique and sometimes misunderstood procedure. It is also subject to decision makers from all over the world who may not be as familiar with a U.S. celebrity, so the evidence must be fully presented with nothing left to chance.
As an example of how difficult these cases can be, in the Springsteen case, the majority of a three-member panel of UDRP arbitrators questioned whether his name was distinctive enough to merit common law trademark rights that would allow him to have protection.
Perhaps more surprising is that the actual reason he lost, however, was that, under the limited evidence he presented, the majority of the three judges thought he hadn't proved that the alleged fan website did him any harm or would confuse fans.
According to the judges, Mr. Springsteen failed to prove that pointing brucespringsteen.com to one of the celebrity1000.com fan sites was "illegitimate use" because it didn't convey the degree of harm that would have been recognized if it had instead pointed to links to pornography or other "regrettable material." (The dissent pointed out that that wasn't the standard, but Mr. Springsteen still lost.)
The Williams Sisters' Case
After Venus Williams won her first Grand Slam tournament, and it was clear that her sister Serena was also destined for greatness, the sisters discovered that a "domain troll" had purchased venusandserenawilliams.com and was offering it for sale for $1,000,000.
In response, they filed a UDRP complaint.
Fortunately, the domain troll submitted no evidence that she intended to use the URL in conjunction with the putative sports consultancy referenced on the "under construction" website. Otherwise, had the sports consultancy website been constructed for legitimate purposes relative to their tennis careers, the sisters may well have faced similar challenges as did Bruce Springsteen.
There's Only One Domain That's You
Domain names are unique – there is only one in a given .com that exactly matches a legendary name. And that's not all. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) has made protection more difficult through the release of hundreds of new dot-com substitutes, some in characters used in Arabic, Chinese, Russian and Hindi, as well as those controlled by over 165 countries (e.g., .ru for Russia).
Any athlete, musician, or actor, whose reputation has reached or is approaching the horizon of "celebrity," should seek counsel to secure and protect what has taken a lifetime to distinguish: their name.
If you don't exploit the value of your name, someone else will.
The VLP Speaks blog is made available for educational purposes only, to give you general information and a general understanding of the law, not to provide specific legal advice. By using this blog site, you understand and acknowledge that no attorney-client relationship is formed between you and VLP Law Group LLP, nor should any such relationship be implied. This blog should not be used as a substitute for competent legal advice from a licensed professional attorney in your state.


text:
The politics of Edinburgh are expressed in the deliberations and decisions of the City of Edinburgh Council, in elections to the council, the Scottish Parliament and the UK Parliament.

Also, as Scotland's capital city, Edinburgh is host to the Scottish Parliament and the main offices of the Scottish Government.

The City of Edinburgh became a unitary council area in 1996, under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, with the boundaries of the post-1975 City of Edinburgh district of the Lothian region.

As one of the unitary local government areas of Scotland, the City of Edinburgh has a defined structure of governance, generally under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, with The City of Edinburgh Council governing on matters of local administration such as housing, planning, local transport, parks and local economic development and regeneration. For such purposes the City of Edinburgh is divided into 17 wards.

The next tier of government is that of the Scottish Parliament, which legislates on matters of Scottish "national interest", such as healthcare, education, the environment and agriculture, devolved to it by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. For elections to the Scottish Parliament (at the Scottish Parliament Building, in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh), the city area is divided among six Scottish Parliament constituencies, each returning one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP), and is within the Lothians electoral region.

The Parliament of the United Kingdom (at the Palace of Westminster) legislates on matters such as taxation, foreign policy, defence, employment and trade. For elections to the House of Commons of this parliament, the city area is divided among five United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies, with each constituency returning one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

On 18 September 2014, Edinburgh voted "No" in the Scottish Independence Referendum by 61.1% to 38.9% with an 84.4% turnout rate.

The City of Edinburgh Council

The current Lord Provost of Edinburgh is Robert Aldridge, who replaced Frank Ross in 2022. In Scotland, the Lord Provost fulfils many similar roles to that of a Mayor in some other countries. Cllr Aldridge has been on the Council since 1984, previously leading the Liberal Democrat group, and was elected unanimously. He was the first Lord Provost to welcome a new monarch (Charles III) to Edinburgh with the Ceremony of the Keys since 1952.

Elections to the Council are held every four/five years electing 63 councillors. The most recent elections took place in May 2022 and the next election will be in May 2027. Prior to May 2022, the Council was controlled by a Labour/Scottish National Party coalition. Following the 2022 election, a minority Labour administration took control, with Cammy Day as the new council leader, replacing former leader Adam McVey.

As of 2013, the Council was the second-largest employer in Edinburgh, with a total of 18,617 employees.

Council political composition

The Edinburgh Corporation and former local government

Prior to the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 Edinburgh was administered by the single tier "Edinburgh Corporation", which covered the "City and Royal Burgh of Edinburgh". As such, the Edinburgh Corporation was responsible for local government services, such as the Edinburgh Corporation Transport Department (Edinburgh Corporation Tramways until 1928). The Edinburgh Corporation had the power to make 'Burgess' (freemen) of the City of Edinburgh and to grant "Seals of Cause" to Guilds and trade organisations. The Edinburgh Corporation awarded Burgess Ticket through the Lord Dean of Guild, an office in the Corporation. Like the Corporation of the City of London, Burgess Tickets were often awarded along with a 'Freedom Casket' – a container to hold the ticket. Bodies such as the Merchant Company of Edinburgh, the Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh and The High Constables of Edinburgh formed part of the corporation, contributing councilors and law enforcement officers. The Edinburgh Corporation had the power to institute these organisations via the granting of a "Seal of Cause". This empowered the societies as "a legal corporation with power to hold property, make its own by-laws and regulations". Other organisations to receive the "Seal of Cause" include The Royal Burgess Golfing Society of Edinburgh, who received their seal on 2 July 1800. The history of the corporation lives on elsewhere around the city, for example in the name of the members of Muirfield golf club, who were granted a charter by the corporation in 1800 becoming "The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers". Many of Edinburgh's ceremonies and traditions date back to the days of the Edinburgh Corporation, such as the Edinburgh Ceremony of the Keys, where the Lord Provost symbolically hands the keys to the City of Edinburgh to the monarch, who hands them back to the Lord Provost proclaiming "that they cannot be placed in better hands than those of the Lord Provost and Councillors of my good City of Edinburgh".

In 1975, Edinburgh Corporation was abolished. The new two-tier system consisted of Lothian Regional Council (with responsibility for water, education, social work and transport) and the City of Edinburgh District Council (with responsibility for cleansing and libraries). The City of Edinburgh became a single-tier council area in 1996, under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, with the boundaries of the City of Edinburgh district of the Lothian region. The district had been created in 1975, under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, to include the former county of city of Edinburgh; the former burgh of Queensferry, the district of Kirkliston and part of Winchburgh formerly within the county of West Lothian; and the district of Currie and the parish of Cramond formerly within the county of Midlothian.

Parliament of the United Kingdom

For elections to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the city is divided among five constituencies, each of which elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. All five constituencies are entirely within the city area.

Prior to the 2005 United Kingdom general election, Edinburgh House of Commons constituencies had exactly the same names and boundaries as the Scottish Parliament constituencies listed above. However, in order to reduce Scotland's historical over representation in the House of Commons, Scotland's share of constituencies was reduced from 72 to 59, in accordance with proposals drawn up by the Boundary Commission for Scotland. The Scottish Parliament (Constituencies) Act 2004 enabled Scottish Parliament constituencies to remain unaltered despite new arrangements for House of Commons constituencies, which resulted in the loss of one Edinburgh constituency and redrawing of boundaries for the others. As a result of the boundary review:

Edinburgh Central constituency was abolished and split between the original Edinburgh North and Leith and Edinburgh West constituencies and an entirely new constituency that was created – Edinburgh South West.
Edinburgh East and Musselburgh took in parts of the Edinburgh North and Leith seat, with the town of Musselburgh being transferred into the East Lothian constituency, with the new seat renamed Edinburgh East.
Edinburgh Pentlands constituency was also divided between the new Edinburgh South West seat and the existing Edinburgh South seat.
Edinburgh North and Leith was increased in size by taking in parts of the old Edinburgh Central constituency.
Edinburgh South was expanded in size taking in elements of the old Edinburgh Pentlands seat.
Edinburgh South West was an entirely new constituency created for the 2005 UK general election taking in elements of the old Edinburgh Central seat, the original Edinburgh West seat and Edinburgh Pentlands seat.
Edinburgh West was expanded to include some parts of the defunct Edinburgh Central seat.

Current political composition:

Constituencies since 1708

Edinburgh has been used in ten different constituency names since 1708, the date of the first election to the Parliament of Great Britain (which was merged into the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1801). There have been up to six Edinburgh constituencies at any one time.

Two names, Edinburgh South and Edinburgh West have been in continuous use since 1885. One name, Edinburgh East, also first used in 1885, fell out of use in 1997 and returned to use in 2005.

Survival of a name does not in itself mean that a constituency's boundaries have been unaltered.

Lists of constituencies:

Scottish Parliament

For elections to the Scottish Parliament, the city is divided among six of the nine constituencies in the Lothian electoral region. Each constituency elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post system of election, and the region elects seven additional members (also called MSPs) to produce a form of proportional representation.

Until the 2005 United Kingdom general election, Edinburgh Scottish Parliament and Parliament of the United Kingdom constituencies were coterminous (shared the same geographical boundaries). The Scottish Parliament (Constituencies) Act 2004, a piece of United Kingdom Parliament legislation, had removed the link, to enable Scottish Parliament constituencies to retain established boundaries despite the introduction of new boundaries for United Kingdom Parliament constituencies.

In the 2016 Scottish Parliament election, the six Edinburgh constituencies elected 4 Scottish National Party MSPs, one Labour and one Liberal Democrat MSP:

The following additional members were elected to represent the Lothian electoral region:

Scottish Independence referendum, 2014
At the 2014 Scottish independence referendum voters in Edinburgh rejected independence by a margin of 61.1% No to 38.9% Yes. Turnout was 84.4%. Numerically, Edinburgh had the largest number of No votes out of all 32 council areas in Scotland with 194,638 No votes to 123,927 Yes votes. The difference between the number of Yes and No votes was largest in Edinburgh by comparison to any other council area in Scotland at 70,711. The results were in marked contrast to those in Glasgow, where each of the city's constituencies voted Yes.

Results by UK Parliament constituency

UK European Union membership referendum, 2016

In 2016, Edinburgh voted in the European Union membership referendum. While the United Kingdom as a whole voted to leave the EU, Edinburgh overwhelmingly voted to Remain, giving the ninth highest Remain vote share of any counting area. Only Gibraltar and seven boroughs in London had higher vote shares for Remain.

See also
Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh
List of Lord Provosts of Edinburgh
Lothian Regional Council
Scottish Parliament (Constituencies) Act 2004
Politics of Aberdeen
Politics of Dundee
Politics of Glasgow
Politics of Scotland
Politics of the Highland council area

References

de:City of Edinburgh

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia