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Crime Pays online slots game is from WMS Gaming, and can only be played at Unibet casinos, since it was created exclusively for these virtual venues. It takes for its theme an ex-police detective who is bent on avenging the murder of his brother, and the game follows his hunt for the killer.
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Posted on May 28, 2019 May 31, 2019 by Penny Salazar
www.ipadminicasino.com.au – One of the best ways to have some real fun is to play online casino games on tablet. These games are specifically designed for both an iPad as well as any tablet running off the Android operating system. You can play any favorite casino games directly from the internet browser on your device, or otherwise you can download an app for online casino games on tablet. In order to download and install an app, you will need to go to the correct app store.
If you prefer using an iPad, then the casino game apps are easily available on the Apple App Store. For Android tablets, go directly to the Google Play Store, or to any of the other major Android App stores. The other way to go about it is to go onto the site of your favorite online casino, and on the site you should see a link to the correct app store. Going about it in this way ensures that you are downloading the correct app for that site. The great thing about this way of playing is that all of the most popular casino games are available, plus a whole lot of other options just waiting for you to try.
Play Any Game on a Tablet
In terms of the types of online casino games on tablet that are available, the sky is really the limit. Players who like some of the most popular and most well-known games like roulette and blackjack will be able to easily play and win with these great options. If you are looking for some online river belle casino games on tablet that require a lot more player skill and strategy, then one of the variations of poker is just what you are looking for.
While luck or chance does play a small role in this game, becoming successful will require you to bluff your way to victory. Some players prefer games that are much more about luck, and if this is the case, then online slots is a great option. Keep your eye on the big accumulating jackpots that go along with each of these games, as you never know when you might be able to win one of them. Always remember to pay attention to the minimum and maximum bets for each slots game. In many cases, in order to be in with a chance to win one of the big jackpots you will actually have to place the maximum bet.
Free Online Casino Games on Tablet
There are two types of online casino games on tablet that players can enjoy. One option is to play the real money version of games, which will require you to make a deposit into your virtual account. Typically there are numerous payment options available at the top online or mobile casinos. The other option on offer to players is to play no deposit or free online casino games. As the name suggests, you will not have to pay anything to play, and there is no risk of losing any of your own money. However, you will not be eligible to win a real money jackpot.
Posted on May 28, 2019 by Penny Salazar
Happy Fruits online slots machine is created by Mazooma Interactive software designers. The version of this slots game that is played in the land-based casinos contains several additional bonus features. Happy Fruits is a modern day fruit machine, and consequently the game can be enjoyed on any mobile devices, compatible with all operating systems, Android, iOS or Windows. Players of all levels of experience will be able to play and enjoy this game.
Happy Fruits online slots machine is a five reel game, with three rows and up to twenty paylines. The screen and reels are full of assorted fruit symbols, and the sound effects are pleasant and restrained. There are only six symbols in total on the reels in Happy Fruits online slot machine, and one of them is the Happy Fruits Logo. The others are made up from the standard playing cards from 10 through to Ace, but they are formed into happy fruity shapes, like an Orange Ten, the King of Blueberries and the Strawberry Ace.
The Games' Wild Symbol
The Wild symbol in Happy Fruits Online Slots machine is the shining gold Star, and as such will replace any missing symbols in a winning combination, apart from, of course, the Scatter symbol. There are three Scatter bonus symbols, a Key, a smiling numeral Seven and a red Pick a Win logo with green splashes, and these three symbols will trigger the bonus feature.
In the Happy Fruits online slot machine and and Spin casino Canada, players that are fortune enough too land three, four or five of the Scatter Key symbols anywhere on the reels, will activate a Bonus game. In this Bonus game, they will be able to play a three reel slot with just one pay line. The object of the bonus round is to collect enough fruit symbols to fill up the blank spaces above the reels. When a player has collected at least three symbols, and the spaces are full, they will receive an extra multiplier that is applied to any win they have made during this bonus round. The reels will keep spinning, and the multiplier will keep increasing until players have hit three of the killer tomato symbols. That will end the round.
The Super 7's Feature
There is also a Super 7s feature available in Happy Fruits online slot machine. This feature is initiated when you find three of the Super 7 Scatter symbols on reels two, three or four. All you as player needs to do is choose one of the 7s, and they will be unveiled as gold, silver or bronze. A Cash payout, plus a multiplier then starts growing and increasing. It is only when this growth stops that it reveals the full jackpot amount that has been won.
The last bonus feature is triggered by landing on three of the red Pick a Win splashed symbols. You can click on these symbols, and they will reveal the multiplier that you have won and that will be applied to whatever winnings you have made.
There are, therefore, a wide variety of features in Happy Fruits online slot machine, and all of them offer a great payout on each bonus round.
There are so many online casinos available to Canadian players that it can be a bit daunting to know which one to go for. The popular ones though will stand out and will have an array of reviews for you to have a look at in case you need that extra security before taking the plunge. Make sure you look out for the different bonus and promotions packages that are on offer, if you take advantage of all they have to offer it really is worth your while to get stuck in.
Get Started to Reap the Rewards
Once you've scanned through the various online casinos and you've made the choice as to which one attracts you more, you will need to make a decision as to whether you will download the app to your device or whether you will play your favourite lucky nugget casino Canada online games straight from your web browser. Both options are self explanatory; however it is good to take note of the convenience of the downloadable app. Both options can be used on just about any online device including PC, Mac, android, iPhone, iPads, tablets and more. If you download the app you can transfer your same details to any of the above devices you choose to play on.
Once that's done you will need to create a new online casino profile for yourself and this can be done by clicking on the login button and choose to register a new account. The casino will ask you for your basic personal details such as your name, date of birth and username and password. Once that's done you're free to browse the site and check out all the available online casino games and the various bonuses and promotions that will make their way onto your screen.
Bonuses and Promotions for Canadian Players
As you enter an online casino site the first thing you'll probably notice is the large banner flashing across your screen boasting about the welcome or sign up bonus for all new players. This bonus is great; it can duplicate your first deposit by up to 500% depending on the casino you're playing at. Most new player accounts will also automatically be credited with free spins or credits to use at any of your favourite online casino games including Blackjack, Slots, Baccarat and other exciting options.
There are also various other bonuses available, and these attach themselves to specific games. If you sign up to the casinos newsletter you will be notified as to which game offers bonuses and from there you can make your choice to either play it or reap the rewards or you can stick to your game of choice.
Many of the best Canadian online casinos also offer some form of a loyalty program whereby the more you play and visit the online casino site the more points you will be rewarded with. These points will automatically be credited to your loyalty card, and based on the amount of points you accumulate you will be rewarded with even more promotions including free game credits and sometimes even restaurant and getaway promotions.
Banking is just as simple as it is on any other e-commerce site so there's no need to worry there. All of the popular solutions will be available to you including debit and credit card transactions, and various e-wallet solutions.
There is literally nothing standing in your way. It could be your lucky day!
Crime Scene Online Slots by Net Entertainment
Net Entertainment's Crime Scene online slots game has a number of exciting features for its players to take advantage of: a picking game; a free spins round; and multiple stakes options.
Theme for Crime Scene Online Slots
The theme for Crime scene online slots is clearly indicated by its title, and players are asked to enter the affected area and hunt for the money. The background for the game is an excellently rendered, hyper-realistic crime scene, and the reels form part of it, along with the menu for the game and its control bar. The symbols all tie in to what one would expect an investigator to make use of in a situation like this, and players will enjoy the authentic rendering.
This real money slots Canada game is available at a wide array of the online casinos which support Net Entertainment software, and it is played with five reels and 15 paylines. The amount of paylines cannot be adjusted by the player, but the coin values can be set to reflect the stakes he or she wishes to make. The coin values range from between 0.01 and 10, and there are ten different betting levels available, each of which offers players the opportunity of betting an extra coin. Crime Scene's floor bet is 0.15 per spin, and the ceiling is 150.
Icons for Crime Scene Slots
There are two chief types of symbols for Crime Scene online slots: instruments which would be used by investigators at this type of scene, and high-value playing card icons, the latter being impressed chalk outlines on concrete, evidence markers that allow investigators to keep track of the important elements of the site. The first group of icons are able to deliver far better payouts to players, although the amount he or she receives will correspond to which symbols land and how many of them appear. These include a forensics briefcase; a handgun; goggles and the obligatory bloody footprint.
Bonus Features for Crime Scene Slots
The bonus feature is activated by the icons depicting a set of fingerprints, as this functions as the bonus/scatter symbol. Whenever three or more of these appear on the player's reels it will trigger, and the payout for this feature is linked to the player's bet amount, making the practice of laying the maximum bet possible a more profitable one for the player in the long run.
Crime Scene's bonus round is a game of evidence collection, and players will take part in it by means of a separate screen which displays 30 evidence folders. Each folder which the player selects will reward them with either a coin or a symbol which brings the feature to an end; although a second-chance game is provided for as well. In this portion of the game players will be asked to make a selection between four different envelopes, and these feature coins once again; a multiplier of two and the possibility of getting back into the bonus feature proper. When the player has finished with the bonus round and the second-chance game, he or she will be returned to the main screen where the game can once again be enjoyed.
Slots machine games nowadays are getting more and more complex, and players can sometimes feel that there are so many free spin rounds; pick a prize games; and complicated in-reel features that the original idea behind slots machine games and the process of playing them has been left by the wayside. There are hundreds of games available online, developed by top-of-the-line casino game creators, featuring excerpts from modern-day blockbusters and extended animation reels that eat up players' time and interrupt their concentration, leaving players longing for simpler days where spinning the reels was all that was required.
This is where a slots game like Barcrest's Crown Gems comes to the fore –it is a game which has been very simply and professionally designed around a gem theme, and which offers the player straight-down-the-line slots play as it should be presented. The game sports no extra gimmicks, and players can enjoy the entertainment it provides without any interruptions from endless bonus rounds. There is the potential for taking home big wins on each spin of the reels, and the auto-play function it sports allows players to let the wins roll in without any input from them at all if they wish to.
Design for Crown Gems Online Slots
In terms of design, Crown Gems is slick and professional without being too intricately wrought. The gems are vivid, and somehow manage to seem to be sparkling although no animations are used. The crowns, which function as the game's top symbol, are very ornate, and the remaining icons for play are the usual playing card symbols. The audio effects for the game are also subdued: relaxing, gentle computer sounds play as the reels spin, and mellow thuds are heard when the reels come to a stop. Short bursts of music accompany wins.
Wins for Crown Gems Online Slots
There are no bonus features for Crown Gems online slots real money Canada, but the game itself does boast an innovative twist: winning combinations are not required to form from the left-hand side of the reels. Thanks to the fact that identical icons will pay out no matter where they end up on the reels, winning combos can be formed even if these symbols begin on the second or third reel rather than the first.
There are ten paylines in place for Crown Gems, a fixed amount, and the bet ranges from between just 0.1 for all ten paylines or as much as 500. The autoplay function can keep the reels spinning for as many as 50 spins, and, if the player wishes to end this feature earlier, a manual stop can be executed, since no stop-at feature is in use.
The crown is the top-paying symbol, and landing five of these on a payline will award the player 5 000 coins. Four, starting on the first or second reel, will net players 500 coins, and the red gem is next on the prize list, with five being worth 500 coins, and four paying 200. 70 coins will be handed out should three land on the Crown Gems reels.
There is no denying just how popular bingo Cafe UK is. In fact, the game has been popular ever since it was first invented, which many believe was sometime during the 16th Century. Over the past several centuries, there have, of course, been several variations of the game. One such variation has resulted in online bingo no deposit bonuses.
Essentially, as technology (and naturally, the game itself) evolved, a version of bingo was developed to be played on computers and mobile devices, much to the delight of players across Canada. As the game's audience grew, plenty of anecdotes and fun facts surrounding it emerged along the way. Below, you'll find some of them, each one just as interesting as the last.
Bingo Cards Background
While online bingo no deposit bonus games don't actually involve any physical cards, but rather digital ones, it is believed that the idea for them actually came from Germany. As the legend goes, the idea of a grid of numbers printed on cards was originally intended for use in schools all over the country. They were thought to help students learn the multiplication table faster. Canada is a far way from Germany, isn't it? It just goes to show the global popularity that the game has enjoyed.
Multiple Winning Combinations
On any standard bingo card, including the ones found when playing an online bingo no deposit bonus, a player is able to create one of over a thousand winning combinations. While this may seem to be a pretty steep number, it simply means that there are that many different ways to win. This is one of the main factors that keep the game exciting, and it is no doubt why there are so many online bingo enthusiasts in Canada alone.
75 Ball, 90 Ball and mini bingo is very popular and there are also progressive prize pot games and other exciting variants readily available online. Being able to play more than one card is also a possibility and players can increase their chances of winning big in this way, and many others.
A Fairly Recent Online Launch
While bingo in the traditional sense dates back to the 16th Century, it is thought that the first online bingo game was launched in 1996. All things considered, this is a fairly young concept, being less than two decades old. However, since the first online game was made available to the public, it has evolved immensely, with welcome additions like online bingo no deposit bonus coming to the fore. Understandably, this has become something of a phenomenon amongst the bingo community, with players from Canada and the rest of the world regularly indulging in their favourite game.
Best Bingo Bonuses
Players in Canada are able to benefit from a wealth of sites that offer online bingo no deposit bonuses. Over the past two decades, online bingo sites have dedicated a lot of their time to ensuring that the games they offer are able to bring their players a flawless, fun-filled experience. If you have yet to try your hand at online bingo, a site that offers no deposit bonuses is the perfect place to start and learn from. So, what are you waiting for? Get playing the best online bingo right now!
Online Bingo Free Money Makes Playing for Free and Winning a Reality
Bingo halls have long been part of life for many Canadians, and the blossoming of online bingo sites has allowed players to indulge in their favourite pastime via the convenience of the Internet, while winning real money and other great prizes.
The list of online Bingo sites is a long one, but most have a feature in common that is music to the ears to dedicated bingo players: Online bingo free money. If you'd like a more detailed definition, it's exactly what it says on the tin: free money to play Online Bingo. Just to be clear: yes, online bingo sites will actually give players money to play with, at absolutley no charge. It's certainly an effective way to ensure that every first-time-customer experience will be a happy one.
What's in it for the Bingo Site?
Online Bingo sites usually give away online bingo free money as a bonus package. Most sites offer Free Money as a sign-up bonus, but they are also handed out in promotions or as bonuses for deposits. They are incentives used to attract players to the site, allowing them to try out Online Bingo first, before they risk any of their own money.
What's in it for the Player?
Two kinds of bingo player will be particularly interested in online bingo free money: the novice, and the experienced player. For newcomers to the game, online bingo free money allows them to try it out at no risk, to see if online Bingo is for them. Players can also compare the online bingo free money offerings between different Bingo sites, to find the best deal. It allows beginners to learn the game, and players to assess different sites, during a free trial which is effectively the site's investment in their Bingo education. But apart from welcome bonuses, online bingo free money is also distributed frequently during site-specific promotions, so an experienced player registered on several Online Bingo sites will be able to take the best advantage of all promotions on offer.
Is there a Catch?
Like all promotional offers, online bingo free money comes with terms and conditions, so players need to read and understand these fully before taking up any offers. For example, some attach conditions to withdrawing your winnings; players can rack up winnings using online bingo free money, but won't be allowed to withdraw any of it without depositing a certain minimum amount in the account.
Even in this case, however, the player is still getting money for nothing and the opportunity to win even more. Whichever way you slice it; either as an opportunity for dedicated online Bingo aficionados to win even more, or a painless way to introduce first-time Bingo Australia players to the online environment, online bingo free money counts as a win all round. It's the ultimate "Thank you for playing" reward; one which you get before you even start playing. In short, for Canadians who are devoted to the game, online bingo free money ticks all the boxes and offers an added incentive to enjoy a game or two online.
Bingo has undergone a major transformation by going online and in recent years has shrugged off its association with elderly players in community halls and become a hip, hot and happening way to win big. There are a myriad of sophisticated bingo sites available online and Canadian players are fast realising that this exciting game is one that can be very rewarding.
The premise of bingo couldn't be simpler, but the rewards up for grabs are no joke and in addition to offering cash players can also try their luck at winning exotic holidays, cars and other incredible prizes. Additionally, many Canadian bingo sites feature big bonuses that will enhance your chances of winning and get your gaming off to a great start.
Popular Types of Bingo
Online Bingo is available in numerous different formats including mini bingo, multi-card bingo and progressive jackpot bingo. However the 2 most common formats of the game are the 75 ball and 90 ball options.
The 75 ball bingo games feature one prize per game and make use of a grid that's 5×5, with numbers from 1-75. Often the central square in the grid will be a free one, but this format may change depending on the site you choose. The games run quickly and an auto dauber will cross off the numbers called, ensuring you never miss a chance to win big.
90 Ball bingo is played in much the same way, only instead of one main prize there are line prizes and jackpot prizes too. This version of the game is often the one that boasts the biggest payouts and prize potential and is well-loved by those looking for big rewards.
Interactive Bingo Entertainment Online
One of the biggest attractions of bingo has always been its social element and by going online this element hasn't been lost, it's actually been added to. Online bingo chat rooms are available at sites across the web and you can interact with other players and a chat host, make new bingo buddies or enjoy some upbeat rivalry and plenty of laughs.
The chat room also offers some added opportunities to win big and players can indulge in chat games and claim exclusive bonuses for engaging with other players and being part of the action. Chat room etiquette, a glossary of abbreviations and other associated information is easy to find online and players can quickly pick up the lingo and start having fun.
Enthralling Online Bingo
Online casino software developers have recognised just how popular bingo is becoming and have created state-of-the-art games that are played in virtual rooms. The cards, rooms and other features are all cutting edge and each game has its own theme, style and particular flavour.
Fun, funky and packed full of big winning opportunities, online bingo Canada has changed the way players enjoy this exciting game and the way others view it. As the game is so simple to play there really isn't any need to practice but there are free games available online for anyone who wants to acquaint themselves with the style of play or just have fun.
Fruit machines and bingo are two classic casino games of chance, each of which has its roots deep in history. Fruit machines were invented in San Francisco during the 19th century, and soon populated pubs, clubs and land-based casinos, while games of bingo have been played for decades at casinos and dedicated bingo halls alike.
Fruit machines and bingo games are still some of the most well-known casino gambling games played today, with many online casinos now offering web-based versions of both games. Online players will have the advantage of being able to hone their skills with free fruit machines and bingo games before choosing to play for real money, all while playing in a secured online environment.
The Fundamentals of Fruit Machines
Fruit machines were some of the first slot game variations to be offered, and many modern online slots are still fashioned after these iconic games. Invented in 1887 by Charles Fey, the Liberty Bell was one of the first examples of fruit slot machines, and soon after its invention many companies had followed suit, producing their own fruit slot games.
'Fruit machines' are so named due to their reel symbols, which typically feature a combination of fruits such as cherries, lemons and watermelons, along with other symbols such as bars, bells and sevens. Classic fruit machines tend to play out over 3 reels and just a few paylines, and online fruit machine games incorporate updated bonus features to add a modern element to their games.
The Basics of Bingo
The first version of bingo was an Italian lottery game, which appeared during the 16th century. Games similar to today's bingo were played in many regions across the globe until the early 20th century, in which businessman Edwin S. Lowe became fascinated by the game of Beano. With some alterations to the name and game play of Beano, Lowe had soon created bingo, a game which soon gained popularity in bingo halls and land-based casinos alike. Bingo is still played today as it was almost a hundred years ago, with 90-ball, 80-ball, 75-ball and even 30-ball versions of the game available at online casinos for free and real money play.
The Advantages of Fruit Machines and Bingo
Fruit machines and bingo are in many ways similar, as both games are purely games of chance. Bingo is renowned as a social game, allowing players to chat with each other while the games commence, and fruit machines may have a social aspect of their own, as they are often involved in online casino tournaments.
Little strategy is involved in playing either fruit machines or bingo, making both games ideal for those players who are new to the world of casino gambling. In the case of new players or those looking more for entertainment, free fruit machines and bingo are available at many online casinos, allowing players to hone their skills, learn more about the games and enjoy risk-free games before deciding to wager real money online. Free games also allow players to test a number of game software styles, enabling them to choose the game titles and themes that suit them when looking to play for real money.
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I got a call from Chocolate Milk Media after I had searched about running a franchise for some extra money. They started talking about Media 360 (also known as Sticky Media), and how each investor would invest in digital monitors. The monitors would display ads in select locations. The purpose was to make a cash flow from a percentage of the ad values. Each monitor would hold up to 200 ads, selling from 50 – 200 dollars. The investor would get 20% of the sales.
Jason, the owner of Chocolate Milk Media, told me my screens would be in Denver, in a 2000 screen market. He told me it wasn't a quick scheme, but that it would give me a couple of hundreds of dollars each month.
I wanted to talk to other investors before I signed up. Once I did that, I felt like I was ready to give it a try. They put me in touch with a company named Flexbuy. They asked me to choose between three different lending sources for my loan for the initial investment. I picked Avant Bank. They approved me and sent $10,000 to my account. They told me it would be 4 months before I could get set up and start receiving money from the system. I was asked to wire $8992.76 to Chocolate Milk Media.
I spoke to Les at Media 360 nest. Les said I couldn't be in the dispensaries in Denver and moved me to Union Taxi instead. He thought that provided more opportunity, as it was a new business. He said the payments would come in July, but nothing showed up. I got suspicious and checked to see if Les really worked at Media 360. He did.
Then I got a call from Reid Johnson, C.F.O. of Sticky Media. All that I had got was a $335 monthly payment, and I thought I would get some answers. He told me Les would get in touch with me. Les called me after that and apologized for being non responsive. He had apparently been out of the country. He said he wanted to move my screens to a new mall. When I made a fuss, he told me again that this would get me more money and that this was good for me.
I sent Reid an email showing him all the conversations and calls with Les, and told him I would report them to BBB and the FBI too. I thought this would get his attention, but I was wrong. He simply denied that he ever had anything to do with Chocolate Milk Media! He said he didn't know who Jason was, and that they did not owe me any screens because they had never received any of my contributions. Apparently my deal wasn't with Media 360, it was with Chocolate Milk Media.
I spoke to my initial contact from Chocolate Milk Media, who told me Jason had shut the office down and started to work from home instead, for financial reasons. But right after I sent Reid the mail, Jason randomly got in touch with me! He promised to sell my screens and give me back my money in full. I last spoke to him on 11/12/2016. He said he would go back after the holiday and return my money.
He's gone incognito now. I've asked that my message be relayed to him, but he hasn't responded.
I support a 7 person home with 5 kids. I work full time. No Christmas presents this year! We can barely buy food. All because these people scammed me. They played me right from the start. I will sue them to get my money back. I hope that doesn't cost me a lot. Stay away from Media 360!
Media 360 has been reported as a cheater, scammer, fraudster and quack on internetcheaters.com. This report has been filed by anonymous to help others to avoid the same situation. You can use Internet Cheaters as a platform to report about any person or business.
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A programming model is an execution model coupled to an API or a particular pattern of code.  In this style, there are actually two execution models in play: the execution model of the base programming language and the execution model of the programming model.  An example is Spark where  Java is the base language, and Spark is the programming model.  Execution may be based on what appear to be library calls. Other examples include the POSIX Threads library and Hadoop's MapReduce. In both cases, the execution model of the programming model is different from that of the base language in which the code is written. For example, the C programming language has no behavior in its execution model for input/output or thread behavior. But such behavior can be invoked from C syntax, by making what appears to be a call to a normal C library.

What distinguishes a programming model from a normal library is that the behavior of the call cannot be understood in terms of the language the program is written in. For example, the behavior of calls to the POSIX thread library cannot be understood in terms of the C language. The reason is that the call invokes an execution model that is different from the execution model of the language. This invocation of an outside execution model is the defining characteristic of a programming model, in contrast to a programming language.

In parallel computing, the execution model often must expose features of the hardware in order to achieve high performance. The large amount of variation in parallel hardware causes a concurrent need for a similarly large number of parallel execution models. It is impractical to make a new language for each execution model, hence it is a common practice to invoke the behaviors of the parallel execution model via an API. So, most of the programming effort is done via parallel programming models rather than parallel languages. Unfortunately, the terminology around such programming models tends to focus on the details of the hardware that inspired the execution model, and in that insular world the mistaken belief is formed that a programming model is only for the case when an execution model is closely matched to hardware features.

References

Computer programming

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I decided to pick this book in anticipation of the movie coming out next month and having a need of something that wasn't YA. Boy, am I pleased that I read this. This book was fantastic! It's definitely way more than I was expecting and I had a great time reading it. If you are skeptical about reading it, don't be…read it!
Now I am not going to talk too much about the plot because I don't want to spoil anything, but it was pretty simple. Mark Watney was left on Mars after his crew thought he was dead after an accident. So the book is told from his POV through his log entries while on Mars and his voice is truly fantastic. He had a great sense of humor and voice. This man was truly clever and too smart for his own good. I couldn't even deal with what he did on Mars. I seriously would have died at least 200 times. The first day stranded I would have stressed ate all my ration packs and then died of starvation. Or I'd forget to put on my EVA suit and get myself blown up for the atmosphere. But not this man! He planted his own crops on soil that grew nothing and beat every obstacle thrown his way. I bow down to your awesomeness, Mark Watney.
As for the writing, I am awed. The writing was simple, yet very humorous and scientific. I admit, most (probably all) of the science talk went right over my head and made my brain feel all fuzzy, but I still couldn't put it down. Every time you want to walk away, something else insane happens and you find yourself clutching the book again (or at least I did). As previously stated, the humor in this book is so entertaining. It was surprisingly hilarious! I don't know how Weir did it.
Overall, this book was stellar (see what I did there? Cheesy? I'm sorry). I couldn't put it down and experienced every emotion possible to a human being. I laughed, I cried, and was at the edge of my seat! Seriously, guys,I had little spurts of anxiety from getting so nervous while reading this book!
Now I cannot wait for the movie! Let's hope they keep Watney's fantastic personality.
One Lovely Blog and Encouraging Thunder Awards!
Loved it as well and can't wait for the movie!!
Thanks! (: Oh it is hilarious! I'm still so amazed how well Weir combined science and humor into his novel. It's definitely one of my new favorites.


Tax reform may not be much more than a glimmer in the eye of Republicans in Washington D.C., but their promise of lower rates and closed loopholes appears to be already affecting state and local finances.
Exhibit 1 comes in the form of a disappointing haul for California tax collectors this summer: In June, the most recent month for which figures were available, the state took in $361 million less than lawmakers planned for in the state budget.
While there are plenty of reasons for revenues to miss their projected mark—an unexpected economic cold snap, perhaps, or a forecasting model miss—the fiscal sleuths at the Legislative Analyst's Office suggest that something else could be afoot. They wrote in a recent report that "high-income taxpayers may be deferring income and/or tax payments to late 2017 or even 2018 in anticipation of a federal tax cut."
It's a phenomenon that may be sweeping the nation: States such as New York and Massachusetts, both of which levy state income taxes, report lackluster receipts.
The evidence for California is incomplete, but compelling.
For one, state sales taxes actually came in higher than expected. So did withholding receipts—the money that gets taken out of your paycheck. That rules out the possibility that the state economy has taken an unexpected dip.
What came in under expectations are the estimated payments, made four times per year, that high-earners pay on income from capital gains, businesses, interest payments and dividends. Corporate tax payments also came in below the forecast.
More importantly, says Justin Garosi, an economist at the Legislative Analyst's Office and one of the authors of last month's report, estimated payments are only up 3 percent since last June, despite the S&P 500 stock index booming over 15 percent over the same period. Corporate America and Wall Street have had a blowout year, so where are their tax payments?
"For wages and salaries, it is generally not possible to have your employer delay a paycheck, so it gets recorded in 2017 instead of 2016," said Garosi. But those who earn a living by, say, selling stocks, often have the luxury of picking their payday. These taxpayers also have the option to simply fork over whatever they paid last year as an estimate on current earnings and then make up the difference later, explains Garosi.
One reason to do that: You expect to pay a lower tax rate next April.
It's still too early to say whether that's exactly what's going on. The state's high earners may be holding off on cashing out for a variety of reasons. More detailed information—about which types of taxes are being paid by which groups, and when—won't be available until at least 2018.
"Even if we did have complete data on capital gains income, we couldn't be certain how much the level of gains was affected by expectations of federal tax changes," said state Finance Department spokesperson H.D. Palmer.
But what's clear is that the stock market is soaring, and estimated payments are not, a trend that "would support the notion" that deferral is taking place, he said.
This wouldn't be the first time this year that the premonition of lower taxes has been blamed for throwing a wrench into California finances. When it comes to taxes, expectations can be just as important as reality.
In the weeks after the election, the market for California municipal bonds—which are tax-exempt and fund most local development projects—took a dip. Some investment experts saw this as a sign that—with possible tax cuts on the horizon— the appeal of low-return but tax-free investments had worn thin. Prices have since come back up, but may dive back down if Congress gets serious about tax reform.
Similarly, affordable-housing developers across the state began complaining earlier this year that they were having a harder time raising cash from investors. These projects often are supported by the state's Low Income Housing Tax Credit program, which allows banks and other big investors that put money into below-market housing projects to write off a portion of their tax bill.
But the election had a profound effect on the state housing market, said Matt Schwartz, president of the California Housing Partnership Corporation, a state-created nonprofit that provides financial and policy consulting on affordable-housing issues. He said in deals the corporation helped oversee or advise, within a few weeks of the election, prices dropped by more than 25 cents per dollar of credit. Investors indicated a diminished appetite for tax-saving investments.
Those prices have since come back up, but only slightly. He said offers are still 10 to 15 percent below the pre-election high.
But investors can only make the argument that tax reform is on the way for so long. Nearly seven months into the current term, Congress has been short on major legislative accomplishments—a fact highlighted by its failure to repeal the Affordable Care Act. Rewriting the tax code, or just cutting top rates, can't be done overnight.
As for the state's finances, the future may be bright. If, in fact, high earners have been holding back on the hope of a friendlier tax code, the good news for the state is that these taxpayers can't kick the can forever. "As high-income tax filers eventually take gains from investments and businesses and make delayed tax payments, these eventually would show up in state revenue collections," wrote the Legislative Analyst's Office.
No matter what happens in Washington D.C., the state of California could see a big payday next April.
Ben Christopher is a contributing writer at CALmatters.org, a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.
The Weekly Independent Comics Page for Aug. 10, 2017!
On this week's nuclear-war-fearing weekly Independent comics page: This Modern World reveals the backstory behind Trump's lies about phone calls; Jen Sorenson examines how the Trump administration is playing the Country Card; The K Chronicles features touching words from a child; Red Meat shows off Earl's motherly side; and ApocaClips looks at the interplay Peter Pence and Tink.
The Weekly 'Independent' Comics Page for Aug. 3, 2017!
On this week's presidentially vetted weekly Independent comics page: Apoca Clips features a chat between Trumpy and Putin; Red Meat borrows money from Dad; Jen Sorenson tests various potential Democratic plans; The K Chronicles ponders a blonde-haired, blue-eyed victim of police violence; and This Modern World looks back on a perfectly normal week for the presidency.
The Weekly Independent Comics Page for July 27, 2017!
On this week's muggy and moist weekly Independent comics page: This Modern World ponders what would happen if aliens from outer space teamed up with Trump; Jen Sorenson wants to get rid of labels; The K Chronicles looks at a problem plaguing modern drivers; Red Meat tries to come up with a slogan; and Apoca Clips catches OJ in the act.
The Weekly Independent Comics Page for July 20, 2017!
On this week's unseasonably humid weekly Independent comics page: Jen Sorenson examines the word "treason"; The K Chronicles envies another couple; This Modern World ponders the Trump-Russia story; Apoca Clips finds parallels between the Trumps and another famous TV family; and Red Meat gears up for a haircut.
In the early years of the Obama era, then-Sen. Jim DeMint embodied a series of contradictions in the American character.
The hard-jawed and bitter-faced South Carolinian was simultaneously a theocrat, a cynic and a salesman. What he sold, as salvation, was hate and fear. He realized before the rest of us that it does not matter what politicians say or do, as long as they can demonize their enemies, turning them into villains that the American people can love to hate.
DeMint came from the fundamentalist, mill-village town of Greenville, nestled in the piedmont at the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains, not far from the North Carolina border. BMW and Michelin have recently turned the town into a somewhat more cosmopolitan place. But 20 years ago—when I finally escaped—it was a town that produced dire, dour and yet grimly visionary people, a severe, joyless place whose preachers obsessed over hell fire and the enjoyable things other people may be doing to hasten it.
DeMint galvanized the Tea Party with this shtick, but he could only take it so far: It was a little too grim for the American Sucker. DeMint played the part like a great character actor—Harry Dean Stanton playing Ronald Reagan. Trump came along and brought a little P.T. Barnum to the act, taking DeMint's gruesome view of America at war with itself and carnivalizing the carnage, in the same way televangelists like Jimmy Swaggart made the hell-fire sermons they heard in small Southern churches palatable to the masses on television.
Perhaps DeMint was savvy enough to know he would do better as a vicar or an éminence grise, providing ideas to the crown rather than being the front man: The Greenville in him was still a little too mirthless to break through to the next level. He left the Senate on Jan. 1, 2013, to take over the ultra-conservative think tank The Heritage Foundation.
During last year's presidential election, the foundation remained largely silent on Trump, putting DeMint in a perfect position to help guide the seemingly shocked and ill-prepared transition team. It provided policy papers, personnel and a list of Supreme Court nominees, deeply influencing the beginning of the Trump era.
So it was a shocker—and sort of admirable—when the Heritage board ousted DeMint in May, with influential members arguing he had dulled the intellectual edge of the foundation by making it too activist.
After his Heritage ouster, the former senator went to work for the Convention of States Project. This is a group that wants to invoke Article V of the Constitution to call for a convention to amend the Constitution.
The conventional, previously used way is politically impossible at present, and to a man like DeMint, undesirable. But the alternate way, relying on the states as it does, is almost too perfect an ideological vehicle. DeMint calls the Convention of States the next stage of the Tea Party, which wanted to limit federal power. It makes ideological sense for him to latch onto state legislatures' ability to change the Constitution to limit federal power.
But the crazy thing: It might actually be possible. Two-thirds of 50 is 34. That's how many state legislatures would have to request a convention. Republicans hold both houses in 32 states. If a convention relying on state legislatures would ever work for the right, it would now.
Twelve states have already requested a convention to amend the Constitution. Over the last few weeks, DeMint was lobbying hard in North Carolina to make it the 13th. It passed the Senate, and failed in the House, which later voted to reconsider it.
One of the big problems is the possibility of a "runaway convention." The Convention of States argues that such a convention could be limited to a single topic: limiting federal control. But because a constitutional convention has never happened, no one knows how it will go.
As for the desire of DeMint and his crew to limit federal control: They want to institute congressional and Supreme Court term limits; mandate a balanced budget; and eliminate federal regulations. While it seems like such a focus may be opposed to the Trump regime, it fits in perfectly with its stated goal of the "deconstruction of the administrative state," as Steve Bannon put it.
And Trump's new voter commission—headed up by Kris Kobach, a dour Kansas extremist who is the perfect DeMint counterpart—might make the possibility of a new states-driven, conservative-leaning constitutional convention even more likely. The Trump/Kobach commission is requiring states to give voter data to the federal government (although many have refused), claiming, sans any evidence, that widespread voter fraud cost Trump the popular vote. Many fear there is an alternative motive to this data collection—namely, that it will be used to further restrict voting.
The state-level dominance that Republicans presently enjoy is due in large part to gerrymandering, and successful attempts to limit the votes of minorities and others who might vote Democrat. (The pusillanimous posturing of the Democrats doesn't help.) If they are further able to control the turnout, Republicans will be more likely to gain even more states, increasing the likelihood of a constitutional convention.
The contradiction gives yet another glimpse into today's so-called conservative movement, and is reminiscent of Attorney General Jeff Sessions' own hypocrisy—he claims to be pro-states' rights, but is rejecting state decisions to legalize cannabis and is trying to force states to comply with big-government mandatory minimum sentencing. Conservatives are speaking out of both sides of their mouths, saying they want to strip power from the federal government, but using the federal government's power to do so, by first attacking citizens' voting rights.


Prostaglandin (PG) G/H synthase, most commonly referred to as cyclooxygenase (COX, (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate,hydrogen-donor : oxygen oxidoreductase) activity, catalyses the formation of PGG2 from arachidonic acid. Hydroperoxidase activity inherent in the enzyme catalyses the formation of PGH2 from PGG2. COX-1 and -2 can be nonselectively inhibited by ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, indomethacin and paracetamol (acetaminophen). PGH2 may then be metabolised to prostaglandins and thromboxanes by various prostaglandin synthases in an apparently tissue-dependent manner.
Angelo A. Izzo, Jane A. Mitchell. Cyclooxygenase. Accessed on 19/04/2019. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=269.


Ma Y, Singer DB, Gozman A, et al. "Hsal 1 is related to kidney and gonad development and is expressed in Wilms tumor." Pediatr. Nephrol.. 2001;16(9):701-9.
Gheduzzi D, Taparelli F, Quaglino D, et al. "The placenta in pseudoxanthoma elasticum: clinical, structural and immunochemical study." Placenta. 2001;22(6):580-90.
Hansen K, Singer DB. "Asplenic-hyposplenic overwhelming sepsis: postsplenectomy sepsis revisited." Pediatr. Dev. Pathol.. 2001;4(2):105-21.


text:
Q: Is this Hypergeometric Identity new? $$\frac{\left(\beta_{2}+\beta_{1}\right)^{\alpha_{1}+\alpha_{2}-1}B\left(\alpha_{1},\alpha_{2}\right)}{\beta_{1}^{\alpha_{1}}\beta_{2}^{\alpha_{2}}}=\frac{1}{\alpha_{1}\beta_{2}}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1-\alpha_{2},1\atop 1+\alpha_{1}};-\tfrac{\beta_{1}}{\beta_{2}}\right)+\frac{1}{\alpha_{2}\beta_{1}}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1-\alpha_{1},1\atop 1+\alpha_{2}};-\tfrac{\beta_{2}}{\beta_{1}}\right)$$
Where $B(\alpha_{1},\alpha_{2})=\frac{\Gamma\left(\alpha_{1}\right)\cdot\Gamma\left(\alpha_{2}\right)}{\Gamma\left(\alpha_{1}+\alpha_{2}\right)}$ is the Beta function
To me it's interesting because:

*

*It has 4 independent parameters/variables.

*It relates $\frac{\beta_{1}}{\beta_{2}} and \frac{\beta_{2}}{\beta_{1}}$.

*The 1 in the upper term can be manipulated by Hypergeometric relations or Generalized Hypergeometric relations:
• DLMF 15.5: https://dlmf.nist.gov/15.5
• DLMF 16.3(i): https://dlmf.nist.gov/16.3.i
If this type of identity is known I would be interested in any information. Is it possible that the original probability problem (see below) could be a source of new Hypergeometric identities?
Background:
While kibitzing on a paper by Aaron Hendrickson I noticed an equivalent form arising from the calculation of conditional probabilities for the gamma-difference distribution. Specifically, for $Y\sim\mathcal{GD}(\alpha_{1},\alpha_{2},\beta_{1},\beta_{2})$ which is the distribution of the difference of independent gamma variables we have the following results.
$$\operatorname{pr}(Y\leq0)=C_{Y}\frac{\Gamma(\alpha_{1}+\alpha_{2})}{\beta_{2}\alpha_{1}}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1-\alpha_{2},1\atop 1+\alpha_{1}};-\tfrac{\beta_{1}}{\beta_{2}}\right),$$
$$\operatorname{pr}(Y\geq0)=C_{Y}\frac{\Gamma(\alpha_{1}+\alpha_{2})}{\beta_{1}\alpha_{2}}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1-\alpha_{1},1\atop 1+\alpha_{2}};-\tfrac{\beta_{2}}{\beta_{1}}\right),$$
where
$$C_{Y}=\beta_{1}^{\alpha_{1}}\beta_{2}^{\alpha_{2}}(\beta_{1}+\beta_{2})^{1-\alpha_{1}-\alpha_{2}},$$
for $\alpha_{1},\alpha_{2},\beta_{1},\beta_{2}>0$. If true then it follows that
$\operatorname{pr}(Y\leq0)+\operatorname{pr}(Y\geq0)=1$ (with an overlap of measure zero) and the equation is true.
As far as I can tell the statement is true numerically but I have no idea how to prove it in terms of Hypergeometric functions.

A: This expression can be obtained from the connection formula
\begin{equation}
 w_{1}(z)=\frac{\Gamma\left(c\right)\Gamma\left(b-a\right)}{\Gamma\left(b\right)\Gamma\left(c-a\right)}w_{5}(z)+\frac{\Gamma\left(c\right)\Gamma\left(a-b%
\right)}{\Gamma\left(a\right)\Gamma\left(c-b\right)}w_{6}(z)
\end{equation}
where
\begin{align}
w_{1}(z)&={_{2}F_{1}}\left({a,b\atop c};z\right)\\
w_{5}(z)&=e^{a\pi\mathrm{i}}z^{-a}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({a,a-c+1\atop a-b+1};\frac{1}{z}\right)\\
w_{6}(z)&=e^{b\pi\mathrm{i}}z^{-b}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({b,b-c+1\atop b-a+1};\frac{1}{z}\right)
\end{align}
Choosing $a=1,b=1-\alpha_2,c=1+\alpha_1$ and $z=-\beta_1/\beta_2$, we have
\begin{align}
w_{1}(z)&={_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_2\atop 1+\alpha_1};-\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2}\right)\\
w_{5}(z)&=\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_1\atop 1+\alpha_2};-\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}\right)\\
w_{6}(z)&=e^{(1-\alpha_2)\pi\mathrm{i}}\left( -\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2} \right)^{-(1-\alpha_2)}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1-\alpha_2,1-\alpha_1-\alpha_2\atop 1-\alpha_2};-\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}\right)
\end{align}
The last expression can be simplified as (see here)
\begin{equation}
 w_{6}(z)=\left( \frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2} \right)^{-(1-\alpha_2)}(1+\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1})^{\alpha_1+\alpha_2-1}
\end{equation}
The connection formula reads thus
\begin{align}
 {_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_2\atop 1+\alpha_1};-\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2}\right)=&
 \frac{\Gamma(1+\alpha_1)\Gamma(-\alpha_2)}{\Gamma(1-\alpha_2)\Gamma(\alpha_1)}\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_1\atop 1+\alpha_2};-\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}\right)\\
 &+\frac{\Gamma(1+\alpha_1)\Gamma(\alpha_2)}{\Gamma(1)\Gamma(\alpha_1+\alpha_2)}\left( \frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2} \right)^{-(1-\alpha_2)}(1+\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1})^{\alpha_1+\alpha_2-1}
\end{align}
which after some simplifications leads to
\begin{align}
 {_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_2\atop 1+\alpha_1};-\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2}\right)=&
 -\frac{\alpha_1}{\alpha_2}\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_1\atop 1+\alpha_2};-\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}\right)\\
 &+\alpha_1 B(\alpha_1,\alpha_2)\left( \beta_1+\beta_2 \right)^{\alpha_1+\alpha_2-1}\beta_1^{-\alpha_1}\beta_2^{1-\alpha_2}
\end{align}
or to
\begin{equation}
 \frac{1}{\alpha_1\beta_2}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_2\atop 1+\alpha_1};-\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_2}\right)+
 \frac{1}{\alpha_2\beta_1}{_{2}F_{1}}\left({1,1-\alpha_1\atop 1+\alpha_2};-\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}\right)
 = B(\alpha_1,\alpha_2)\left( \beta_1+\beta_2 \right)^{\alpha_1+\alpha_2-1}\beta_1^{-\alpha_1}\beta_2^{-\alpha_2}
\end{equation}
as expected.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Cow Escapes Church Nativity Scene, but Was It the Work of a Christmas Grinch?
Someone may be trying to steal Christmas.
A cow in Philadelphia escaped from a church's live nativity scene and was later found and wrangled by police officers on the interstate.
The 1,500 pound cow, Stormy, won't be in the live nativity scene at Old First Reformed United Church of Christ in Old City after police were called to I-95 Thursday after 2 a.m. on a report of the large bovine roaming around on the highway.
Some of the highway lanes had to be shut down to capture the 7-year-old animal.
As innocent as the cow's escape may appear on the surface, Stormy is believed to have had help in her daring escape.
Church officials say she was let out after people in the community expressed concerns about the animals being in the city.
The church said the nativity scene has been a part of the church since 1973 and that the animals are well cared for by a farmer and a veterinarian tech who work with them.
The church is worried that the tradition will now be ruined as Stormy will be sent home for her own safety.
"We don't want to ever put animals in jeopardy," Ulmer said.
Police are reportedly investigating the case.


The role and running of an EWC, about the legal changes concerning « information-consultation » of employees, about your prerogatives within an EWC, about the various industrial relations in European member states ….
How to negotiate an EWC agreement?
How to ease intercultural understanding?
For those who already have the experience of an EWC : how to improve its functioning?
How to work more effectively between delegations of various countries and with trade unions Federations?
How to get ready for the revision of the EWC agreement?
For those who are face to a merger or a change in the scope: how to adapt?
What is provided by law and how to renegociate an agreement?
What are the new legal obligations?


Under Armour's shares have been hammered harder than almost any other retail company this year.
The company's stock price took a beating Tuesday, falling more than 8%, after it cut full-year sales guidance and reported continuing weakness in North America, its most important market.
Since the beginning of the year, Under Armour's shares have dropped more than 33%, making it the ninth worst-performing stock in the S&P 500 this year.
Under Armour's fall from glory has been swift and brutal. It was only two years ago that the company was touted as a top investment pick after notching 26 straight quarters of at least 20% sales growth. Shares grew nearly 20% that year.
Despite its recent troubles, however, Under Armour has still outperformed a few other retailers in the S&P 500.
Foot Locker, Macy's, and Signet Jewelers — which operates Kay Jewelers, Zales, Jared The Galleria Of Jewelry, and other jewelry stores —have all seen their share prices drop even further than Under Armour's.
Foot Locker and Macy's shares have dropped 34% in 2017 and Signet Jewelers shares have dropped 35%.
Foot Locker has been suffering from a shift in shoe manufacturers' preferences toward selling to online-only channels over brick-and-mortar stores, according to Credit Suisse.
"Ultimately, we believe the best-in-class execution by Foot Locker may no longer be enough to offset two-fronts of structural industry change," Credit Suisse analysts wrote in a recent note.
Macy's and Signet Jewelers are both under intense pressure from years of falling traffic to malls, where their stores are primarily located.
Macy's is also reeling from consumers' growing demand for off-price products, which are less profitable to sell.


At what point did you start focusing solely on the Panthers defense?
"Really, once we got done with that Minnesota game. Knowing that I wasn't going to play for the last preseason game, you start watching some film. Obviously [head coach] Kyle [Shanahan] has a history of playing against these guys the last few years. So, you watch as many of those games as you can and then start to watch their preseason games and a few other games that they played last year too."
New coordinator for them. Playing the secondary I'm assuming, do you take that into account?
"Yeah, I think anytime a guy gets promoted even if it's within the same system, in my experience guys put their own twist on things. It'll probably look a lot the same, but I think coordinators have different personalities. Maybe one likes to pressure more than the other. Maybe one likes to play coverage more than the other. But, I think the one thing that has stayed pretty true is the players that they have over there. Obviously [Carolina Panthers LB] Luke [Kuechly] will be playing, which is a big difference when you add him to their defense. He gets everybody lined up. He's as close to being a quarterback on the defensive side that anyone can see in the NFL. So, obviously, he's a huge part of what they do. Having him back will definitely affect the way they play."
Atlanta Falcons QB Matt Ryan had a lot of success against Carolina's defense last season. Just watching those games, what was the key to Ryan's success? What'd he do well?
"Part of it is planning. Obviously, Matt had a great year last year and played extremely well. It's just going out and executing the plan. I think it helped that Kyle had a good feeling of what they do. Like we mentioned before with the new coordinator we've got to go out there, we think we're going to know what they're going to do to an extent, but you never know. It's the first game of the year. No matter, same coordinator, new coordinator. Things are always evolving. So you've always got to be ready for things that maybe you haven't studied for."
How important will the communication and adjustments be? Not at halftime, but between series or in the first half?
"It's always critical. When you come over to the sideline, you look at the pictures and see. You either confirm what you think it was going to be or now you've got to figure out 'Oh maybe they're doing this a bit differently.' So, communication throughout the entire game is always huge."
How are you feeling about this whole thing? I remember you during training camp and you said the team is yours. Everyone says you have great leadership and things of that nature. Do you feel like there's a lot of pressure on you entering this season?
"No. I think for me this has been the most fun I've ever had playing football. It's the most comfortable I've ever been. Being able to come in day one and kind of be handed the reigns and to having the control and implement the offense and do those things and get all the reps, I think it's been huge. For me, I feel really good about where we are heading into Week 1 and we've just got to keep improving. We've improved all offseason. I feel like we got better each day in training camp and we've got to keep that same mentality heading into the regular season."
How cool was that for a preseason game for the offense to actually do this?
"For us, it was about going out and playing the way we practice. For us, we know how we practice every single day. I feel like we were getting better and better. Unfortunately, the first two games, the first game limited reps, the second one, kind of just hurting ourselves. Then the third preseason game to go out and play the way that we knew we've been playing the entire training camp was huge for us. Obviously, we didn't get to play in the last preseason game because of the quick turnaround. So, it was good to have that going into this week. Also, the guys that weren't playing having time to get caught up on Carolina. I think that helped as well."
Kyle said he wasn't going to pick captains until later in the year. How much would that mean to you to maybe be a captain?
"I was a captain at Michigan State. It always means a lot. Especially when it's voted by your peers. So, we'll see what happens, but I think for me regardless of that, being a quarterback you have to be a captain whether you're named one or not. You're the leader. You're the guy who's responsible to get the play call, to get all 11 guys on the same page when you're out there. It would be great. I think especially when it's voted by your teammates, it's always an honor."
How much of an advantage or an asset to this team is Kyle Shanahan's ability to game plan, design plays, and call plays?
"That was huge. That was a big reason why I came here. I knew, having played for Kyle before how great he was piecing things together. Then, you watch him go to Atlanta and do the same thing, even to a bigger stage really, taking them all the way to the Super Bowl. For me it was probably the deciding factor coming out here was just to play for Kyle and knowing that his scheme and the way he game plans games and defenses, that was what I wanted to be a part of."
What was the first thing you did when you got a look at the game plan?
Yeah. What's the first thing that you want to see?
"I guess without giving too much away, you want to get ahead of it as much as you can so when you come in here today you have a pretty good feel for it. I always try to come in on Tuesdays and get as much as I can, have a feel for it, so when it's starting to get installed to the entire offense I'm already a little bit ahead. Because when it comes down to it the quarterback has a lot more responsibility as far as getting the right play called, getting us into the right play. So, for me, I always want to try to be ahead of the curve. I think that's the biggest thing. You get done with Wednesday and you put that to bed and then you move onto Thursday, which is more third down, short-yardage stuff. You can't be overwhelmed. You've got to be one step ahead I think."
When did you get the game plan?
"Well, it's always a work in progress. We've had the few extra days. Some of the plays that we've run have become part of the game plan and some of them have not. It's always a work in progress. I think even up until Saturday night we're thinking about what we're going to put in and what we're going to run. Like I said, I always try to stay a step ahead whether I come in and they give me what they have and if some gets taken out, of well. Whatever stays in, at least I know that going into Wednesday or Thursday. Whatever it might be."
How much input do you have on the game plan? Do they ask you what plays you're comfortable with or what you like?
"Yeah, I think it gets more to the point where you practice and then we always do a meeting with Kyle and kind of rate our plays the way we like them. I think that's always huge. It's good to have a guy who's willing to get your opinion. The worst thing you could do is go out there and have a play you're not really sure about and it gets called and you don't feel great about it. I think the good thing we do is we get a lot of reps, whether it's walkthrough or practice. Most of the time you feel pretty good about all the plays going into the game."


text:
Czech National Trust has officially launched!
We are pleased to announce that the Czech National Trust has officially launched on June 18, 2014. The launch event was a festive evening reception at the Reform Club in London, United Kingdom. Among the reception guests were His Excellency Michael Žantovský, Ambassador of the Czech Republic to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Zdeněk Novák, Deputy Minister of Culture of the Czech Republic, and representatives of the British Parliament as well as representatives of multiple heritage conservation organisations, including Sir Simon Jenkins, CEO of the British National Trust.
His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales, His Excellency Emil Brix, Ambassador of the Republic of Austria to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Helen Ghosh, Director General of the British National Trust, Simon Molesworth, President of the International National Trusts Organisation, and many others have all expressed their support for our organisation in writing.
CNT builds upon the tradition and principles of The National Trust, Britain's largest NGO, whose main goal is to preserve, protect and maintain the British cultural and natural heritage.
As part of her speech Dr. Irena Edwards, founder and chairman of the Czech National Trust, has said "Our biggest challenge lies in raising the Czech public awareness of the natural and cultural heritage in the Czech Republic, and also of the historical monuments which are often neglected despite being situated right in one's area of residence. We would also like to help re-establish the sense of national pride among Czech people in relation to what their ancestors have built and created in the past, and to help conserve and protect this precious heritage for generations to come." Dr. Edwards has also emphasized the international significance of Czech historical monuments and the CNT goal to help acquire the funds necessary for their restoration and protection, both locally in the Czech Republic and abroad.
CNT Director Eva Žallmannová has presented the pilot CNT project as part of the event, which is the reconstruction of the Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach tomb and chapel in Zdislavice, a small town in the Zlín region. The Czech National Trust is planning to restore this extraordinary site and to open it to the public in 2016 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the death of one of the most remarkable figures of 19th century European literature, Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, whose Czech origin and international significance represent the common cultural heritage of the Central European nations.
A collection was also part of the evening reception. The total of £ 22,000 (770,000 CZK) has been raised and will be used for the implementation of the pilot CNT project.
Photos from the event can be viewed here: http://jollythompson.dphoto.com/#/album/83708t
The Czech National Trust promotes and supports the conservation, protection and maintenance of cultural heritage in the Czech Republic; a cultural heritage of international importance. It aims to inspire, foster and promote the development of an effective voluntary and donor culture in the Czech Republic.
Czech National Trust, o.p.s.
Mlýnská brána
Sněmovní náměstí 2
767 01 Kroměříž
info@czechnationaltrust.org
www.czechnationaltrust.org
https://www.czechnationaltrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/logo-CNT.jpg 359 730 Misa Neuzilova https://www.czechnationaltrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/logo-CNT-10.png Misa Neuzilova2014-07-24 10:06:362020-05-23 10:16:59Czech National Trust has officially launched!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Fresh from Chicago, 27-year-old Barry Fey moved to Denver in 1967 and began his career as one of rock music's most prolific and successful promoters. After a trip to San Francisco's Haight Ashbury District and witnessing 100,000 young people plus multiple musicians and bands gathered for "The Summer of Love" he saw the possibilities of introducing that cultural phenomenon to Denver. Fey contacted promoter and counter-culture figure Chet Helms to discuss bringing the scene to a recently closed nightspot which became the "Family Dog" at 1601 West Evans in south Denver.
Fey was the booking agent for the 2,500-seat concert hall, which opened on Sept. 8, 1967, with a show featuring Janis Joplin with Big Brother & The Holding Company as the first headliner, plus the heavy sounds of Blue Cheer. The Family Dog prospered, hosting the cornerstones of rock for ten months—the Grateful Dead, the Byrds, The Doors, Buffalo Springfield, Van Morrison, Canned Heat, Jefferson Airplane, Frank Zappa, Cream and more.
The club struggled to stay open, both financially and with mounting pressure from the Denver police, who disliked the idea of having a hippie haven in their city. Fey and his people were subjected to harassment and illegal searches. The Family Dog closed in July 1968, but for 10 short months, it was the center of Denver's music universe!
By 1969, Fey had emerged as a grandiloquent character in the Colorado music scene. That June, he presented the three-day Denver Pop Festival, which became the last performance by the original Jimi Hendrix Experience. His company, Feyline promoted hundreds of top-grossing shows with world-renowned acts such as Pink Floyd, Led Zeppelin, Rolling Stones, The Who, Willie Nelson, Parliament Funkadelic and many more.
Denver, long regarded as a Rocky Mountain cow town and a blip on the music radar screen, suddenly mattered. Fey established the city as a "must-play" market!
In 1976, Fey initiated his signature "Summer of Stars" concert series at Red Rocks Amphitheatre, which made the outdoor venue the most desirable place in the world for every group to play. He also promoted the popular "Colorado Sun Day" concert series of stadium shows and opened the 1,400-seat Rainbow Music Hall.
For three consecutive years, Fey won Billboard magazine's Concert Promoter of the Year award. He co-produced the "U2 Live At Red Rocks: Under A Blood Red Sky" concert film in 1983, a watershed moment in the Irish group's history. He helped save the Denver Symphony and formed the Colorado Symphony Orchestra in 1989. After flirting with retirement in the late 1990s, Fey finally left the music-promotion business in 2004.


We are linking up with Covered in Glitter and Glue to share "What I'm Loving". I have to say, this was pretty easy. One thing that I am really enjoying this summer is time. I have spent time crafting, time with my kids, and time watching movies and television shows that I had DVR'd during the school year. Teachers give up so much time during the school year. Isn't it funny that we count down how many days until Christmas, how many days left in the school year, how many days until a wedding, birthday, or anniversary... but we NEVER count how many days left until "back to school"!!
I am trying to be a little healthier this summer. My weakness is Coke. I love to drink a fountain Coca Cola from any drive-thru. However, since I am trying to make healthier choices, I chose lemon water. It is bottled by Nestle Pure Life. If you haven't tried it, it's fabulous.
Finally, we are linking up with The Teaching Tribune to share Worksheet Wednesday. I have two math worksheets that would be easy to use in your kindergarten classroom. The first is "open-ended". You can write in any number your students need to have practice with or work on. The second is a sample from my Mega Dauber Pack. Kinders love using daubers or any other hands-on manipulative. Just click here or on either picture below to grab your free worksheet from Google Docs.
Thanks so much for linking up! I am going to have to try that lemon water- it sounds refreshing and yummy!
Cute worksheets! Also my weakness is Dr Pepper!!


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text:
, современными иероглифами  — вид вооружённых сил Японской империи (сухопутные войска, армия), существовавший с 1868 по 1945 годы.

Армия управлялась Генеральным штабом Императорской армии Японии и подчинялась Министерству армии, но обе эти структуры подчинялись непосредственно Императору Японии как верховному главнокомандующему сухопутных, морских и воздушных сил и генералиссимусу. Третьей структурой, надзирающей над армией, стала Генеральная инспекция авиации. Во время войны или чрезвычайного положения все номинальные обязанности командования со стороны императора сосредотачивались в Императорской Ставке — ad hoc военному органу, который состоял из начальника Генерального штаба армии и его заместителя, министра армии, главнокомандующего Императорского флота и его заместителя, Генерального инспектора авиации и Главного инспектора боевой подготовки.

История
Предпосылки для создания Императорской Армии Японии оформились в начале реставрации Мэйдзи 1868 года. В ходе гражданской войны 1868—1869 гг. Императорское правительство осознало настоятельную потребность реформирования вооружённых сил. На то время единой государственной армии не существовало, а центральная власть полагалась на отдельные самурайские ополчения отдельных автономных уделов. Для управления ими в августе 1869 года правительство учредило Министерство войны. Наряду с координированием вооружённых сил страны, оно должно было разработать проект их реформы по образцу передовых государств Европы и США.

В феврале 1871 года Императорское правительство, основную часть военной силы которого составляли войска княжеств Сацума, Тёсю и Тоса, сформировало на их основе . Она подчинялась непосредственно Императору и была первым подразделением Императорской армии Японии нового образца. Через год правительство ликвидировало Министерство войны, вместо него были созданы два новых — Министерство армии и Министерство флота.

В 1871 году подразделения армии Японии были объединены в . Они размещались по всей стране и возглавлялись отдельными , находившимися в стратегически важных городах. В январе 1873 года правительство распустило традиционные самурайские ополчения и издало указ о введении всеобщей воинской повинности. Одновременно была реорганизована система гарнизонов, число которых сократили до шести, в соответствии с количеством .

В мирное время численность японской армии составляла 30 тысяч воинов. Её задачей было поддержание правопорядка внутри страны, в частности подавление восстаний самураев и крестьян, недовольных политикой правительства. Однако дальнейшие реформы сухопутных сил Японии были направлены для противодействие внешнему врагу. В частности, в 1874 году 3-тысячный японский контингент осуществил карательный поход на Тайвань, а ряд военных лидеров реставрации Мэйдзи настаивали на завоевании соседней Кореи, с целью навязать ей дипломатические отношения.

В 1923 г. армия состояла из 21 дивизии, но в соответствии с реформой 1924 г. была сокращена до 17 дивизий. Два скачка в развитии военной промышленности (1906-1910 и 1931-1934) позволили перевооружить вооруженные силы.

Японскую императорскую армию отличали особый внутренний уклад, а жизнь солдата была строго регламентирована. С начала 1930 г.г. усиливаются тенденции к моторизации и усилению артиллерии, а также начало перехода к групповой тактике. К началу 30-х годов в строю находилось 19 расчетных первоочередных дивизий (17 дивизий плюс несколько бригад), но на различных ступенях технической готовности - 330 тыс. человек личного состава.

Резня в Нанкине

В 1937 г. началась война между Китаем и Японией. В августе того же года после кровопролитных и ожесточенных боев японские войска вошли в Шанхай. После взятия Шанхая японцами падение столицы Китая Нанкина было делом предрешённым. Пропаганда возвеличивала жестокость японских военных, в частности, японская пресса позитивно и глумливо по отношению к китайцам описывала состязание в убийстве 100 человек мечом между двумя японскими офицерами.

13 декабря 1937 года ворвавшиеся в Нанкин японцы устроили резню мирного населения. По официальной версии китайского правительства в течение примерно шести недель солдаты жгли и грабили город, уничтожали самыми зверскими способами его жителей, насиловали женщин. Число пострадавших мирных жителей оценивается китайской стороной в 300 000 погибших и более 20 000 изнасилованных женщин (от семилетних девочек до старух). По данным послевоенных трибуналов число убитых составило более чем двести тысяч. Одной из причин разницы в цифрах является то, что одни исследователи включают в число жертв нанкинской резни только убитых в пределах города, а другие учитывают также погибших в окрестностях Нанкина.

После войны ряд японских военных были осуждены за резню в Нанкине, но главный виновник, принц Асака Ясухико, остался безнаказанным, поскольку члены императорской семьи получили иммунитет от преследования. Несмотря на многочисленные свидетельства и неопровержимые доказательства, японские СМИ называют эти события «инцидентом», преуменьшают масштаб бойни, а иногда отрицают обвинения в Нанкинских преступлениях, называя их нелепыми.

Резня «Сук Чинг»

После того, как 15 февраля 1942 г. японцы оккупировали британскую колонию Сингапур, оккупационные власти приняли решение выявить и ликвидировать «антияпонские элементы» китайской общины. Под это определение подпадали китайцы-участники обороны Малайского полуострова и Сингапура, бывшие служащие британской администрации и даже простые граждане, сделавшие в своё время пожертвования в фонд помощи Китаю. В расстрельные списки включались также люди, чья вина заключалась лишь в том, что они родились в Китае. Эта операция получила в китайской литературе название «Сук Чинг» (примерно переводится с китайского как «ликвидация, чистка»). Через специальные фильтрационные пункты прошли все проживавшие в Сингапуре китайские мужчины в возрасте от восемнадцати до пятидесяти лет. Тех, кто, по мнению японцев, мог представлять угрозу, вывозили на грузовиках за пределы населенных пунктов и расстреливали из пулеметов.

Вскоре действие операции «Сук Чинг» было распространено на территорию Малайского полуострова. Там из-за нехватки людских ресурсов японские власти приняли решение не проводить дознаний и просто уничтожить все китайское население. К счастью, в самом начале марта проведение операции на полуострове было приостановлено, поскольку японцам пришлось перебрасывать войска на другие участки фронта.

Число погибших точно неизвестно. По мнению сингапурских и британских властей речь идет о 100 000 расстрелянных, хотя, возможно, что число в 50 000, прозвучавшее во время проведения послевоенных трибуналов, более реально.

В 1878 году, в ходе подготовки к будущим войнам, правительство выделило из состава Министерства армии . Он находился под непосредственным руководством Императора Японии и исполнял роль мозгового центра сухопутных сил. Впоследствии подобный генеральный штаб был создан для флота. Существование двух отдельных генеральных штабов повлекло двоевластие в японских вооруженных силах. В будущем такая двойная система управления вооруженными силами породила бесконечные споры между армией и флотом по командной вертикали и нанесла значительный ущерб военной мощи японского государства.

В мае 1885 года правительство заменило систему шести гарнизонов 6-ю дивизиями. За три года к ним добавили отдельную гвардейскую дивизию. Эта реорганизация была необходима для ведения полномасштабной войны, вспыхнувшей между Японией и Цинским Китаем в 1894—1895 годах. В ней приняли участие все семь дивизий, численностью 120 тысяч солдат и офицеров. Для Японии это был первый вооруженный конфликт такого масштаба за последние 300 лет. Японцы вышли из него победителями и, на основе полученного опыта, приступили к новой реорганизации армии. Так, на начало русско-японской войны 1904—1905 гг. Императорская армия насчитывала уже 400 тысяч воинов, а в конце конфликта она была увеличена еще на 100 тысяч. По окончании войны японцы потеряли одну пятую часть своей армии.

С апреля 1907 года, по образцу Британии, Франции, России и США, Япония установила . Она предусматривала метод превентивного нападения и санкционировала применение японских вооруженных сил в пределах Восточной Азии для защиты интересов государства. Согласно доктрине, численность дивизий Императорской армии Японии в мирное время составляла 25 дивизий, а в военное — 40. В 1918 году доктрина была пополнена приложением о потенциальных противниках Японии, к которым причислялись Россия, США и Китай. В 1923 году порядок противников изменили согласно степени опасности: США, Россия и Китай. В 1936 году к ним добавили Британию.

В 1914 году началась Первая мировая война, в которой Япония выступила против стран Тройственного союза. Она объявила войну Германской империи, захватила немецкие владения в Циндао на Шаньдунском полуострове в Китае, а также оккупировала ряд островов на юге Тихого океана.

После Октябрьской революции 1917 года и с началом гражданской войны в России Япония начала интервенцию и отправила в Сибирь 3 дивизии Императорской армии. Японский военный контингент, увеличенный до 100 тысяч человек, до 1922 года оккупировал большую территорию от побережья Приморского края до озера Байкал, но вскоре её потерял из-за роста освободительного движения.

По окончании Первой мировой войны Япония сосредоточила свои усилия на покорении Китая. Локальные конфликты между японской армией и силами Гоминьдана в 1927—1928 годах, такие как Шаньдунский поход или Цзинаньский инцидент, а также завоевание японцами Маньчжурии в 1931—1932 годах, переросли в новую японско-китайскую войну 1937—1945 гг.

Кроме того, японские войска вели боевые действия на границе с СССР.

27 сентября 1940 года Япония подписала Тройственный пакт, вступив в военно-политический союз с Третьим рейхом и фашистской Италией.

С 1941 года на стороне Китая открыто выступили США, что втянуло Японию во Вторую мировую войну. Она закончилась разгромом Японской империи и ликвидацией Императорской армии Японии.

Организация

Центральными учреждениями, которые руководили Императорской армией Японии, были Министерство армии, Генеральный штаб армии и Главная инспекция военной подготовки. Они назывались . Их возглавляли ,  и  соответственно. Все три ведомства имели одинаковый статус и непосредственно подчинялись Императору Японии.

Министерство армии было основано в 1872 году. Согласно Конституции Японской империи его глава, министр армии, имел право советовать Императору и был обязан отчитываться о деятельности сухопутных сил. Хотя Император как суверен имел неограниченную власть, он считался лицом священным и неприкосновенным, поэтому ответственность за выполнение Императорских приказов, которые обычно принимались коллегиально, нёс министр. Последний занимался административными вопросами армии и осуществлял контроль над военными кадрами.

Генеральный штаб, образованный в 1878 году, осуществлял непосредственное командование Императорской армией Японии. Его обязанности не были прописаны в Конституции, что стало причиной роста административного и политического влияния ведомства. Изначально армейский Генеральный штаб находился на вершине командной вертикали всех вооруженных сил. Однако после основания Генерального штаба флота в 1893 году право командовать вооруженными силами страны во время войны перешло к Генеральному штабу вооруженных сил Японии. Глава Генерального штаба армии занимался разработкой приказов Императора относительно армии. Эти приказы одобрялись монархом и выполнялись в мирное время министром армии, а в военное — главой армейского генштаба.

Главная инспекция военной подготовки была сформирована в 1900 году и заведовала общевойсковой и образовательной подготовкой личного состава Имперской армии.

Полномочия трёх армейских ведомств определялись при назначении их председателей на должности. Однако в 1913 году контроль за формированием армии и вопрос мобилизации были законодательно закреплены как прерогатива главы Генерального штаба армии. С тех пор же зародилась также практика проведения постоянных совещаний глав трёх армейских ведомств. Эти совещания стали средством влияния армии на правительство и Императора. На них утверждалась кандидатура преемника министра армии.

В 1938 году к трём ведомствам была добавлена новая , которая также подчинялась Императору.

Самой крупной единицей Императорской армии Японии в мирное время была . На 1917 год их насчитывалось 21, в начале 1920-х — 17. В ходе Второй мировой войны их число достигло максимума — 51. В военное время дивизии объединялись в , которые, в свою очередь, объединялись во . Исключениями из этого правила были Корейская и Квантунская армия, которые дислоцировались в Корее и Маньчжурии и в мирное время для защиты японских интересов.
 Общая административная структура
 Министерство армии
 Генеральный штаб
 Главная инспекция боевой подготовки
 Императорская армия
 Воздушно-десантные войска
 Военно-воздушные силы
 Военная полиция

Численность
 1873 — 32 000 человек (в составе), 50 000 (запас)
 1894 — 96 000 человек (в составе), 150 000 (запас)
 1903—155 000 человек (в составе), 350 000 (запас)
 1904—325 000 человек (в составе), 450 000 (запас)
 1914—335 000 человек (в составе), 685 000 (запас)
 1918—700 000 человек (в составе), 800 000 (запас)
 1930—375 000 человек (в составе), 125 000 (запас)
 1931—700 000 человек (в составе), 850 000 (запас)
 1941 — 1 750 000 человек (в составе), 1 600 000 (резерв)
 1943 — 2 200 000 человек (в составе), 2 300 000 (резерв)
 1945 — 6 100 000 человек (в составе), 1 200 000 (резерв)

Вооружение

Звания

В эпоху Мэйдзи звания передавались нарукавными нашивками, где толщина шнура и сложность узла (количество и расположение петель) были тем выше, чем выше было звание.
В эпоху Тайсё были введены знаки различия со звёздами и просветами, по образцу Российской императорской армии.

Высший командный состав

Старший и средние командный состав

Младший командный и рядовой состав

Рода войск
Обозначались нашивкой в виде буквы М над правым грудным карманом, которая меняла цвет в разных родах войск. Цвет петлиц и контрпогон (красный с золотыми просветами) был одинаковым для всех родов войск.

Войны

См. также
 Министерство армии
 Силы самообороны Японии
 Военная академия Императорской армии Японии
 Высшая военная академия Императорской армии Японии
 Список дивизий Императорской армии Японии
 Императорский флот Японии
 Императорский рескрипт солдатам и матросам

Примечания

Литература
 Османов Е. М. История становления японской императорской армии и флота : 1868—1894 : диссертация … кандидата исторических наук : 07.00.03. — Санкт-Петербург, 2005. — 306 с.
 Новые методы боя японской пехоты (перевод с японского). под ред. Н. Петрова. М., государственное военное издательство, 1936. — 218 стр.
 лейтенант В. Таиров. Из опыта японской войсковой разведки в Китае // «Военный вестник», № 4, 1938. стр.43-44
 Войсковая разведка в японской армии // «Военный вестник», № 7, 1938. стр.57-61
 П. Попов. Организация и вооружение пехотного батальона японской армии // «Военный вестник», № 9, 1938. стр.56-60
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 1. Характеристика японской армии, 1904 г. / Битва Гвардий - http://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-20th-century-part-1-characteristics-of-the-japanese-army-1904/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 2. Военные силы Японии, 1910 г. / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-20th-century-part-2-military-forces-of-japan-1910/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 3. Японская армия 1910 г. // Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-xx-century-part-3-the-japanese-army-of-1910/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 4. Японская армия 1910 г. / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-xx-century-part-4-the-japanese-army-of-1910/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 5. Вооруженные силы Японии по данным к 1 сентября 1912 г. / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-20th-century-part-5-the-armed-forces-of-japan-as-of-september-1-1912/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 6. О вооруженных силах Японии 1919 г. / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-20th-century-part-6-about-the-armed-forces-of-japan-in-1919/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 7. О вооруженных силах Японии 1919 г. / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-20th-century-part-7-about-the-armed-forces-of-japan-in-1919/
Японская армия в первой четверти XX века. Ч. 8. Вооруженные силы Японии 1922 г. / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rare/the-japanese-army-in-the-first-quarter-of-the-20th-century-part-8-japanese-armed-forces-1922/

Ссылки
 HANDBOOK ON JAPANESE MILITARY FORCES WAR DEPARTMENT • 1 OCTOBER 1944
 Формы обмундирования японских сухопутных войск, 1904 / Битва Гвардий - https://btgv.ru/history/rus-jap-war/uniforms-of-the-japanese-land-forces-1904/

Японская империя

Воинские части и формирования, созданные в 1868 году
Воинские части и формирования, расформированные в 1945 году


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