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Justia US Law US Regulations Agencies and Commissions Federal Reserve System 2015 November
Federal Reserve System November 2015 – Federal Register Recent Federal Regulation Documents
Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company
Agency: Federal Reserve System, Agencies and Commissions
Regulatory Publication and Review Under the Economic Growth and Regulatory Paperwork Reduction Act of 1996
Type: Proposed Rule
Agency: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Agencies and Commissions, Federal Reserve System, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Department of Treasury, Department of the Treasury
The OCC, Board, and FDIC (together ``we'' or ``Agencies'') announce the sixth and final outreach meeting on the Agencies' interagency process to review their regulations under the Economic Growth and Regulatory Paperwork Reduction Act of 1996 (``EGRPRA'').
Total Loss-Absorbing Capacity, Long-Term Debt, and Clean Holding Company Requirements for Systemically Important U.S. Bank Holding Companies and Intermediate Holding Companies of Systemically Important Foreign Banking Organizations; Regulatory Capital Deduction for Investments in Certain Unsecured Debt of Systemically Important U.S. Bank Holding Companies
The Board is inviting comment on a proposed rule to promote financial stability by improving the resolvability and resiliency of large, interconnected U.S. bank holding companies and the U.S. operations of large, interconnected foreign banking organizations pursuant to section 165 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) and related deduction requirements for all banking organizations subject to the Board's capital rules. Under the proposed rule, a U.S. top-tier bank holding company identified by the Board as a global systemically important banking organization (covered BHC) would be required to maintain outstanding a minimum amount of loss-absorbing instruments, including a minimum amount of unsecured long-term debt, and related buffer. Similarly, the proposed rule would require the top-tier U.S. intermediate holding company of a global systemically important foreign banking organization with $50 billion or more in U.S. non-branch assets (covered IHC) to maintain outstanding a minimum amount of intra-group loss-absorbing instruments, including a minimum amount of unsecured long-term debt, and related buffer. The proposed rule would also impose restrictions on the other liabilities that a covered BHC or covered IHC may have outstanding. Finally, the proposed rule would require state member banks, bank holding companies, and savings and loan holding companies that are subject to the Board's capital rules to apply a regulatory capital deduction treatment to their investments in unsecured debt issued by covered BHCs.
Margin and Capital Requirements for Covered Swap Entities
Type: Rule
Agency: Farm Credit Administration, Agencies and Commissions, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Federal Reserve System, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Department of Treasury, Department of the Treasury, Federal Housing Finance Agency
The OCC, Board, FDIC, FCA, and FHFA (each an ``Agency'' and, collectively, the ``Agencies'') are adopting a joint rule to establish minimum margin and capital requirements for registered swap dealers, major swap participants, security-based swap dealers, and major security-based swap participants for which one of the Agencies is the prudential regulator. This final rule implements sections 731 and 764 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as amended by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 (``TRIPRA''). Sections 731 and 764 require the Agencies to adopt rules jointly to establish capital requirements and initial and variation margin requirements for such entities on all non-cleared swaps and non-cleared security-based swaps in order to offset the greater risk to such entities and the financial system arising from the use of swaps and security-based swaps that are not cleared.
The OCC, Board, FDIC, FCA, and FHFA (each an ``Agency'' and, collectively, the ``Agencies'') are adopting and invite comment on an interim final rule that will exempt certain non-cleared swaps and non- cleared security-based swaps with certain counterparties that qualify for an exception or exemption from clearing from the initial and variation margin requirements promulgated under sections 731 and 764 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the ``Dodd-Frank Act'' or the ``Act''). This interim final rule implements Title III of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 (``TRIPRA''), which exempts from the Agencies' swap margin rules non-cleared swaps and non-cleared security-based swaps in which a counterparty qualifies for an exemption or exception from clearing under the Dodd-Frank Act. This interim final rule is a companion rule to the final rules adopted by the Agencies to implement section 731 and 764 of the Dodd-Frank Act.
Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies
Appraisals for Higher-Priced Mortgage Loans Exemption Threshold
Agency: Federal Reserve System, Agencies and Commissions, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Department of Treasury, Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection
The OCC, the Board and the Bureau are publishing final rules amending the official interpretations for their regulations that implement section 129H of the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). Section 129H of TILA establishes special appraisal requirements for ``higher-risk mortgages,'' termed ``higher-priced mortgage loans'' or ``HPMLs'' in the agencies' regulations. The OCC, the Board, the Bureau, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) and the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) (collectively, the Agencies) issued joint final rules implementing these requirements, effective January 18, 2014. The Agencies' rules exempted, among other loan types, transactions of $25,000 or less, and required that this loan amount be adjusted annually based on any annual percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). If there is no annual percentage increase in the CPI-W, the OCC, the Board and the Bureau will not adjust this exemption threshold from the prior year. Based on the annual percentage decrease in the CPI-W as of June 1, 2015, the exemption threshold will remain at $25,500 through December 31, 2016.
Truth in Lending (Regulation Z)
Agency: Federal Reserve System, Agencies and Commissions, Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection
The Board and the Bureau are publishing final rules amending the official interpretations and commentary for the agencies' regulations that implement the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). The Dodd- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) amended TILA by requiring that the dollar threshold for exempt consumer credit transactions be adjusted annually by the annual percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). If there is no annual percentage increase in the CPI-W, the Board and Bureau will not adjust this exemption threshold from the prior year. Based on the annual percentage decrease in the CPI-W as of June 1, 2015, the exemption threshold will remain at $54,600 through December 31, 2016. Because the Dodd-Frank Act also requires similar adjustments in the Consumer Leasing Act's threshold for exempt consumer leases, the Board and the Bureau are making similar amendments to each of their respective regulations implementing the Consumer Leasing Act elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register.
Consumer Leasing (Regulation M)
The Board and the Bureau are publishing final rules amending the official interpretations and commentary for the agencies' regulations that implement the Consumer Leasing Act (CLA). The Dodd- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) amended the CLA by requiring that the dollar threshold for exempt consumer leases be adjusted annually by the annual percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). If there is no annual percentage increase in the CPI-W, the Board and Bureau will not adjust this exemption threshold from the prior year. Based on the annual percentage decrease in the CPI-W as of June 1, 2015, the exemption threshold will remain at $54,600 through December 31, 2016. Because the Dodd-Frank Act also requires similar adjustments in the Truth in Lending Act's threshold for exempt consumer credit transactions, the Board and the Bureau are making similar amendments to each of their respective regulations implementing the Truth in Lending Act elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register.
Government in the Sunshine Meeting Notice
Proposed Agency Information Collection Activities; Comment Request
On June 15, 1984, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delegated to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) its approval authority under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), to approve of and assign OMB numbers to collection of information requests and requirements conducted or sponsored by the Board. Board- approved collections of information are incorporated into the official OMB inventory of currently approved collections of information. Copies of the PRA Submission, supporting statements and approved collection of information instruments are placed into OMB's public docket files. The Federal Reserve may not conduct or sponsor, and the respondent is not required to respond to, an information collection that has been extended, revised, or implemented on or after October 1, 1995, unless it displays a currently valid OMB number.
Change in Bank Control Notices; Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies; Correction
Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Joint Comment Request
In accordance with the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) of 1995 (44 U.S.C. chapter 35), the OCC, the Board, and the FDIC (collectively, the agencies) may not conduct or sponsor, and the respondent is not required to respond to, an information collection unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. On July 29, 2015, the agencies, under the auspices of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), published a notice in the Federal Register (80 FR 45274) and requested public comment for 60 days on a proposal to extend, with revision, the Foreign Branch Report of Condition (FFIEC 030 and FFIEC 030S), which is a currently approved information collection for each agency. The comment period for this notice expired on September 28, 2015. The agencies did not receive any comments addressing the proposed changes and are now submitting a request to OMB for review and approval of the extension, with revision, of the FFIEC 030 and FFIEC 030S.
Agency Information Collection Activities: Announcement of Board Approval Under Delegated Authority and Submission to OMB
Notice is hereby given of the final approval of a proposed information collection by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) under Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delegated authority. Board-approved collections of information are incorporated into the official OMB inventory of currently approved collections of information. Copies of the Paperwork Reduction Act Submission, supporting statement and approved collection of information instruments are placed into OMB's public docket files. The Federal Reserve may not conduct or sponsor, and the respondent is not required to respond to, an information collection that has been extended, revised, or implemented on or after October 1, 1995, unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions
The Board is amending Regulation D, Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions, to reflect the annual indexing of the reserve requirement exemption amount and the low reserve tranche for 2016. The Regulation D amendments set the amount of total reservable liabilities of each depository institution that is subject to a zero percent reserve requirement in 2016 at $15.2 million (from $14.5 million in 2015). This amount is known as the reserve requirement exemption amount. The Regulation D amendments also set the amount of net transaction accounts at each depository institution (over the reserve requirement exemption amount) that is subject to a three percent reserve requirement in 2016 at $110.2 million (from $103.6 million in 2015). This amount is known as the low reserve tranche. The adjustments to both of these amounts are derived using statutory formulas specified in the Federal Reserve Act. The Board is also announcing changes in two other amounts, the nonexempt deposit cutoff level and the reduced reporting limit, that are used to determine the frequency at which depository institutions must submit deposit reports.
Federal Reserve Bank Services
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) has approved the private sector adjustment factor (PSAF) for 2016 of $13.1 million and the 2016 fee schedules for Federal Reserve priced services and electronic access. These actions were taken in accordance with the Monetary Control Act of 1980, which requires that, over the long run, fees for Federal Reserve priced services be established on the basis of all direct and indirect costs, including the PSAF.
Regulatory Capital Rules; Enhanced Prudential Standards for Bank Holding Companies and Foreign Banking Organizations; Correction
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) published a final rule in the Federal Register on October 11, 2013 (78 FR 62018) regarding Regulatory Capital Rules and another final rule on October 27, 2014 (79 FR 64025) regarding Capital Plan and Stress Test Rules. This publication removes certain expired transitional requirements in Regulations H and Y, resolves certain citation errors, replaces a wrongly duplicated paragraph in Regulation Q, and corrects a typographical error in Regulation YY.
Supervisory Rating System for Financial Market Infrastructures
Title VIII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act'') granted the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (``Board'') enhanced authority to supervise ``financial market utilities'' that are designated as systemically important by the Financial Stability Oversight Council (financial market utilities are defined to comprise a subset of the entities that, outside the United States, are generally called ``financial market infrastructures'' or ``FMIs''). In addition, the Board may have direct supervisory authority over other FMIs subject to its jurisdiction. The Board and, under delegated authority, the Federal Reserve Banks (collectively, the ``Federal Reserve'') propose to use the ORSOM (Organization; Risk Management; Settlement; Operational Risk and Information Technology (IT); and Market Support, Access, and Transparency) rating system in reviews of FMIs. The Board is seeking comment on this system for rating FMIs. The Federal Reserve anticipates implementing the ORSOM rating system in 2016.
Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Savings and Loan Holding Companies
Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Savings and Loan Holding Companies; Correction
Notice is hereby given of the final approval of a proposed information collection by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) under OMB delegated authority. Board-approved collections of information are incorporated into the official OMB inventory of currently approved collections of information. Copies of the Paperwork Reduction Act Submission, supporting statements and approved collection of information instrument(s) are placed into OMB's public docket files. The Federal Reserve may not conduct or sponsor, and the respondent is not required to respond to, an information collection that has been extended, revised, or implemented on or after October 1, 1995, unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies; Correction
Agency Information Collection; Submission for OMB Review; Joint Comment Request; Joint Standards for Assessing the Diversity Policies and Practices of Entities Regulated by the Agencies
Agency: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Agencies and Commissions, Federal Reserve System, Securities and Exchange Commission, Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection
The OCC, FDIC, CFPB, and SEC (each, an Agency and collectively, the Agencies) have submitted to OMB a request for approval under the PRA of the collection of information discussed below. The Board (also an Agency and included in Agencies) reviewed the joint notice under the authority delegated to the Board by OMB. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a respondent is not required to respond to, an information collection unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
Notice of Proposals To Engage in or To Acquire Companies Engaged in Permissible Nonbanking Activities


For those of us that understand something about how open standards and de-facto "standards" form it was only a matter of time before the obviously hyper-competitive server-side web framework space was going to consolidate/converge on some kind of market consensus. This survey clearly demonstrates that is exactly what is finally happening. JSF leads with 34.5% of the market share. That is great news for the JSF community and they deserve credit for it given most other Java web frameworks seem to implicitly choose JSF as their primary competitive target. Spring MVC follows very closely with 34.2%. This in my view is great news as this validates the need to standardize MVC 1.0 as an action-oriented approach to web frameworks. The MVC specification community should take note and pay close attention to the concepts proven out in Spring MVC. In addition the MVC specification has the implicit advantage of not being tied to legacy and starting from a clean slate to adopt what is proven and do better where it makes obvious sense. Other than the two front-runners market share drops pretty sharply for the rest.
I should note that the sample size for this survey is extremely strong at 1300+. While no survey is foolproof, this is probably the closest to getting at what is really going on in the Java web framework space. It is also note worthy that JSF has consistently been either number one or number two in such surveys in the past few years. OmniFaces lead Arjan Tijms pointed this out in a characteristically well written analysis on the JAX-RS expert group some months ago. I highly recommend the post for folks interested in JSF or Java web frameworks in general.
Grails is built on top of Spring MVC, so everyone who's using Grails is also a Spring MVC user, which would give Spring 39.3%.
Personally I think the survey made the right call separating Grails from Spring MVC and GWT from Vaadin, etc.


SOUTHAMPTON, UNITED KINGDOM - PrimerDesign Ltd, a UK firm founded by University of Southampton scientists, has won the race to produce the first DNA test kit for the Mexican swine flu.
The first shipment of rapid-results tests has been sent today directly to Mexico as well as many other territories to help authorities monitor the increasing number of suspected cases.
Project coordinator Dr Rob Powell said: "This past Sunday at midnight was a very special moment for us. We were able to show conclusively that the test works."
The rapid test has results in only two hours compared to current diagnostic tests which take two days.
"Monitoring the spread of the virus is now the key weapon against a possible pandemic. These tests will contribute to the global effort to halt the disease," said Dr Jim Wicks from PrimerDesign.
The company is part of the University's SETsquared Business Incubation programme.
The PrimerDesign swine flu real-time PCR kit is sold primarily for research use but could be used to diagnose the disease in laboratories globally.
2. The SETsquared Incubation Programme at the University of Southampton provides intensive business support to high-tech start-up companies. One of four centres in southern England, the programme uses in-house expertise and a network of seasoned entrepreneurs, investment advisors, professional services firms and academics to provide the breadth and depth of support that emerging technology companies of the future require. PrimerDesign moved from the centre in 2008 to Millbrook Technology Campus, where they continue to grow.
The University is also home to a number of world-leading research centres, including the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, the Optoelectronics Research Centre, the Web Science Research Initiative, the Centre for the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, and the Southampton Statistical Sciences Research Institute.


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Real-time payments on the move in U.S.
Unlike other countries, Fed is relying on private sector here
Written by Gene Neyer, D+H; Steve Ledford, The Clearing House; Paul Trozzo, PNC Bank
Around the world, momentum behind the move to real-time payments (RTP)—or "immediate payments," as they're often termed—is unstoppable and growing. This is the future of payments: it allows for the transfer of money from one account to another immediately, with certainty and convenience, and at a low cost—bringing major benefits for banks and their customers. Now, many of those benefits are coming to banks and customers in the U.S. for the first time.
Today, there are well over 20 immediate payments systems in operation or in planning around the world, and their impact has been dramatic. As recently as a decade ago, it was almost impossible for consumers and most businesses to make an immediate transfer of funds, so that the money was available and usable instantaneously by the recipient. Today, this capability is an everyday reality for millions of people and businesses worldwide. The trend mirrors today's "round-the-clock", 24/7, real-time commercial environment.
The beginnings of RTP were seen in Japan in the mid-1970s, but a step-change came in 2006, when the first recognizable modern immediate payments systems were rolled out in South Africa and Mexico. These early adopters were soon followed by the U.K., which introduced the U.K. Faster Payments system in 2008.
Following these successes, further RTP systems were introduced in Poland in 2012, Sweden in 2013, and Singapore in 2014. Australia's New Payments Platform (NPP) is currently being prepared for launch in 2017, as is a system for the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA), with the Netherlands and other EU countries also considering developing their own immediate payments infrastructures. A further group of countries—including Thailand and Malaysia—have systems with elements of immediate payments, but have yet to experience universal adoption.
U.S. joins the party
To date, the U.S. has been conspicuous in its absence from the list of countries embracing RTP. But this situation is changing fast, with a surge of activity and initiatives under way to bring payments in the U.S. up to speed with the rest of the world. These moves involve a broad range of players, and an approach which is specifically geared to the unique needs and requirements of the U.S. market.
As in other countries, the central bank has taken steps to facilitate the move to RTP and has collaborated with the industry to do so. The U.S. Federal Reserve has established the Fed Faster Payments Task Force to identify effective approaches for implementing safe, ubiquitous, faster payment capabilities. However, while the central banks in other countries have generally mandated and controlled the adoption of RTP, the Federal Reserve is taking a more facilitative approach, by publishing Faster Payments Effectiveness Criteria and encouraging various industry parties to develop solutions to fulfill them. The Fed is also providing leadership on adoption of the ISO20022 financial message standard, and considering the necessary improvements to the National Settlement Service.
Driven by the market
The Fed's approach to RTP puts the onus on the private sector to innovate and develop solutions that create a powerful business case for adoption, generate a wide array of strong use cases, and thereby attract the widest possible adoption by banks and other market participants. At the same time, the Fed is expanding its scope from interbank payments to the end-to-end payments process—all the way from the point of origination to the point of receipt, including payment notification, reconciliation and interbank settlement—while maintaining its focus on a high level of safety and accessibility.
The Fed is encouraging the private sector to create RTP solutions that will deliver against these goals, and will only provide RTP services itself if the private sector comes up short. All of this underlines that when it comes to RTP in the U.S., the market will decide the best way forward.
The market has taken up the RTP challenge with enthusiasm, giving rise to several initiatives—with The Clearing House, Early Warning Services, NACHA, and many others looking to introduce initiatives enabling or facilitating faster payments. The U.S.'s evolving RTP ecosystem also encompasses major payments solution providers—including D+H—as well as banks, card operators, and FinTech start-ups.
This diversity of participants and initiatives may create some coordination challenges, but it doesn't have to. The common goal is to offer end-to-end solutions where the customer undertaking a transaction will receive a message back within five to ten seconds confirming the payment has been made and the money is with the recipient. The end-customer should neither know nor care how this comes about—and achieving it will inevitably involve collaboration between a number of different parties.
Ubiquity won't come easily
What matters for banks is choosing the right tools to deliver the specific use case with the right customer experience. So the RTP payment solutions offered, for example, by The Clearing House and Early Warning Services should not be seen as competitive with each other but complementary, and part of a healthy and vibrant market made up of different options to meet different needs. Banks should bear in mind the differences between the various solutions when developing their RTP strategies.
As U.S. banks decide on their strategies, the diversity of choices in the U.S. will serve to vindicate the Fed's market-based approach. The Fed's strategy is all the more appropriate for the U.S. given the unique nature of its payments market, with well over 10,000 banks and comparable institutions. The number of institutions involved is far greater than in other countries, and means that establishing ubiquitous RTP is particularly challenging.
In territories like the U.K. and Singapore, it's possible to reach near-ubiquity in payments because of the relatively small number of institutions in these regions. But in the U.S., more banks must participate in order to reach critical mass nationally. This underscores the vital importance of third-party payments service and technology providers to help service the need. The challenges around achieving ubiquity also help us to understand why the U.S. did not attempt to join the first ranks of RTP adopters.
Equally important, as a relatively late adopter, the Fed and RTP providers in the U.S. can learn lessons from previous systems, enabling them to avoid pitfalls and apply learnings about what works and what doesn't. For example, other systems globally have found that including non-payments messaging around the core immediate payments message provides a valuable building-block for banks to offer their customers wider services alongside the transaction. This capability is being built into U.S. solutions such as The Clearing House's, along with anti-fraud measures reflecting lessons learned elsewhere.
Finally, by moving to RTP now rather than a few years ago, the U.S. is among the first group of countries to be implementing RTP after the global smartphone revolution. This means that—unlike systems created in other countries in the past—the whole environment is being designed and built on the knowledge that every consumer has a powerful computer and payments device in his or her hand. While other RTP systems have had to catch up with the mobile payments explosion, the U.S. can incorporate it from the start. This is yet another reason why partnerships with specialist payments system providers will be so vital for banks to create the solutions their customers want.
Based on lessons from those markets that have gone before, one message is clear: real-time payments are an imminent reality for the United States. While the Federal Reserve's market-led approach means banks have a choice of whether or not to join the revolution, those that decide not to do so will risk losing payments revenues, customers and a competitive edge.
Every financial institution must think carefully to identify the use cases that RTP can fulfill for its customers—and then devise products and services to meet those needs. Armed with these insights, banks can then plan their technology build-outs.
Gene Neyer is head of Industry & Regulatory, Global Payments, D+H; Steve Ledford is senior vice-president, Product and Strategy, The Clearing House; Paul Trozzo is senior vice president, manager of Payment Strategy, PNC Bank, Treasury Management Division
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


US viewers denied opportunity to watch all parts of Frozen Planet.
trueSpace 3.2 a free download!
DVD Lab Pro, help mixing full screen and wide screen.
The best movie intro ever in history!
"Bela Lugosi's dead...Undead Undead Undead..."


One of the greatest challenges for power, RF, MEMS, LED and OLED microdisplays is the degradation of performance due to moisture ingress. ALD can help prevent moisture ingress by creating a hermetic sealing similar to a metal casing. ALD is extremely conformal and perfect even for coating high aspect ratio surfaces.
Beneq has carried out moisture barrier tests with water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) measurements. The moisture barrier test results will be one of the topics in Mr Sami Sneck's presentation at the China Semiconductor Technology International Conference (CSTIC) 2018 in Shanghai.
Mr Sneck will also be talking about wafer scale encapsulation with Beneq C2 and much more. if you missed Sami's presentation titled ALD Moisture Barrier for Wafer Level and Die Level Encapsulation, you can download it by clicking the image below.
Drop by our Semicon China stand #2384!
We'll also be at SEMICON China 2018 on March 14-16, Hall N2, booth #2384 at the Shanghai New International Expo Center. You can book a meeting with us, just fill in the form here.
... and our Beneq TFS 200!


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Lípa est un toponyme qui peut désigner :

Lípa, une commune du district de Havlíčkův Brod, dans la région de Vysočina ;
 Lípa, une commune du district de Zlín, dans la région de Zlín ;
 Lípa nad Orlicí, une commune du district de Zlín, dans la région de Zlín ;
 Česká Lípa, une commune et le chef-lieu du district de Česká Lípa, dans la région de Liberec ;
 Krásná Lípa, une commune du district de Děčín, dans la région d'Ústí nad Labem.

Homonymie de localités en  Tchéquie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Mangaluru, 12 Feb: KTM, the European Racing Legend, conducted breath-taking KTM Stunt show in Mangaluru. The Stunt-show was organized in order to showcase the mind-blowing stunt rides and tricks from the professional stunt riders.
The Stunt show was held at Unity Hall, Thokkottu, here on Sunday, February 10. The professional stunt team demonstrated breath-taking stunts on the KTM Duke bikes.
Till now, KTM Stunt show has been organized at Surat, Rajkot, Ahmedabad, Kanchipuram, Coimbatore, Chennai, Vijayapur, Lucknow, Indore, Jabalpur, Aurangabad, Jammu, Jalandhar, Gulbarga, Hubli, Belgaum, Bellary, Hospet, Shivamogga and many other towns.
KTM fans can buy the range of KTM bikes from KTM, Pandith House – Thokkottu, Mangaluru, Karnataka.


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From Page2Pixel One Blog. Defending against the Digital Dark Age.
The last days of Kodachrome are at hand… but not film in general
Oct 18th, 2010 by Isaiah Beard
If you have any Kodachrome Film stashed away, the last days to get it developed are at hand. According to Dwayne's Photo, the last commercial developer of the film format, they will be developing their last received rolls of Kodachrome film on December 31, 2010. After this date, their remaining equipment to handle this type of film will be shut down forever, and discarded. Per the statement on their website:
The last day of processing for all types of Kodachrome film will be December 30th, 2010. The last day Kodak will accept prepaid Kodachrome film in Europe is November 30th, 2010. Film that is not in our lab by noon on December 30th will not be processed.
Vintage and Analog Formats
analog, camera, film, format, Kodachrome, obsolete, photography
Another film format extinction: Kodachrome's last run
Jul 22nd, 2009 by Isaiah Beard
Today, Kodak announced the final production run of Kodachrome film, after a 74-year run. Kodachrome is yet another casualty of the long march towards digital formats, as fewer and fewer sales of Kodachrome film have meant continuing to mass produce it is no longer viable.
"KODACHROME Film is an iconic product and a testament to Kodak's long and continuing leadership in imaging technology," said Mary Jane Hellyar, President of Kodak's Film, Photofinishing and Entertainment Group. "It was certainly a difficult decision to retire it, given its rich history. However, the majority of today's photographers have voiced their preference to capture images with newer technology – both film and digital. Kodak remains committed to providing the highest-performing products – both film and digital – to meet those needs."
To be sure, Kodak acknowledges that there is only one professional film outlet in the US that processes Kodachrome film, that being Dwayne's Photo located in Parsons, Kansas. They have announced that they will continue to sell the film until supplies run out (probably in the Fall of 2009), and will continue to process it until December, 2010:
This is a sad occasion for us, as we're sure it is for many of you. While we understand the business realities driving Kodak's decision, we are still sorry to see the film go.
Kodachrome has been hailed as being remarkably color accurate, unique in its characteristic deep color saturation unmatched by other film formats, and praised for its longevity in storage. Properly cared for, most Kodachrome film has managed to retain its color accuracy despite decades of aging. One case in point is this circa 1949 image. Some of us who are way too young to have lived in this era, find it incredibly striking to find such a vivid color photograph, when we're used to seeing numerous faded black-and-whites depicting the era.
The rich color and depth of Kodachrome is owed to a unique and very complex film processing method, which differs substantially from the process in use for "modern" film formats. Dawyne's is, at this point the only photofinisher up to the task, and Kodak is the only supplier of the chemicals needed to render photos from Kodachrome film. Thus, not only is Kodachrome's days numbered, but the time runs short for those with unprocessed film to do something about it.
analog, film, Kodachrome, obsolete, photography
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AMIA/IASA 2010 • Wrappers and Codecs: A Survey of Selection Strategies
Digital Curation: Current Standards and Documentation
Presentation Materials Archive
Photos: VCF East 6.0 (Retrocomputing)
Curation Incidents (12)
Significant Events (5)
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Goodbye to diesel trains?
By The Editor | Category: Travel news
what the new hydrogen train will look like after conversion. Image © Alstom/Evershot
Anyone who has used a train will be familiar with the diesel workhorse trains that chug along the veins of Britain's rail network whilst the electric trains confine themselves to popular long range services and commuter ones.
They can be noisy, they aren't particularly eco-friendly but, on the plus side, they have saved me from delays on the East Coast line when the 225's are halted by frozen overhead cables.
Could the diesels be on the way out?
Alstom and Eversholt Rail have suggested the design of a new hydrogen train.
The train, codenamed 'Breeze', will be a conversion of existing Class 321 trains and could run across the UK as early as 2022, emitting only water and no harmful emissions at all. Those living in East Anglia and the line from Leeds to Doncaster would be familiar with the 100 of these type of trains still running. They are both due to be withdrawn by the relevant train companies, Greater Anglia and Northern, over the next eighteen months or so and Alstom/Eversholt Rail think they can have them converted during the following two years.
Alstom already runs some hydrogen trains in Germany, which is why the partners feel comfortable with the timetable they have suggested,
The biggest appeal has to be the big cuts in C02 emissions that would come about if diesel trains were to be completely replaced by hydrogen trains.
The government has already said that diesel trains will be phased out by 2040 so, if these trains turn out to be reliable then diesel could be phased out even earlier which would help the government reach its reduction in C02 emissions targets. In France they are also experimenting with hydrogen trains as diesel is to be phased out there by 2015. Malaysia, Dubai and Canada are also seriously looking to switch to this form of transport.
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Национальный музыкально-драматический театр Республики Коми — сыктывкарский драматический театр, основанный в 1992 году.

Основатель и художественный руководитель театра — заслуженный деятель искусств Российской Федерации — Светлана Гениевна Горчакова.

История
Национальный музыкально-драматический театр Республики Коми был создан в 1992 году Постановлением Совета министров Коми АССР. Это единственный в республике Коми профессиональный театр, все постановки которого идут на национальном языке народа коми. Театр был создан как театр фольклора, основной целью которого являлось сохранение самобытности национальной культуры и национального языка. В августе 2005 года Постановлением Правительства Республики Коми Театр фольклора был переименован в Национальный музыкально-драматический театр Республики Коми.

Репертуар
Театр ставит спектакли по произведениям поэтов и писателей народа коми, использует лучшие образцы классической драматургии коми во всех существующих жанрах, не ограничиваясь фольклорными материалами, такие как: спектакль в жанре народной драмы «Дорйысь-кутысь Ен мам» (Заступница небесная), музыкально-эпическая поэма «Керча-ю козяин» (Хозяин Керча-реки), музыкальная комедия «Ар — готрасян кад» (Осень — время свадеб), мифологический сказ «Йола гор» (Звучание эха), современная драма «Кык бать» (Повесть об отцах), комедия «Макар Васька — сиктса зон» (Озорник), легенда-быль «Но-о, биа бордаяс!» (Ну-у, залётные), детские сказки «Зарни сюра кор» (Златорогий олень), «Бедьпи» (Верешок), «Ема да Чача» (Баба Яга и Чача), музыкальная комедия «Коркo муса, коркo абу» (Любит — не любит), драма «Шудой, эн дзебсясь, эн вош» (Счастье, не исчезай), фантастический боевик «Пармаын вошом БТР» (БТР, затерявшийся в тайге), музыкальная комедия «Готрась, пиo, готрась» (Женись, сынок, женись), музыкальная драма по ижмо-колвинскому эпосу «Ясoвой» (Вожак), мелодрама «Мамлон сьoлом» (Сердце матери), музыкальная комедия «Прощай, любовь».

Наряду с классиками коми в театре представлены пьесы финских и венгерских авторов в переводе на коми язык.

Первая детская опера театра на языке коми
В 2010 году театром поставлена первая детская опера на языке коми «Ручильой да Кoчильой» (Лисонька и Заинька) композитора Александра Горчакова. В 2011 году опера «Ручильой да Кoчильой» получила Премию Правительства Республики Коми.

Труппа Национального музыкально-драматического театра Республики Коми постоянно выезжает на гастроли в самые отдаленные районы Республики Коми.

Участие в международных фестивалях
В 1993-95 годах труппа театра выезжала на Международные театральные фестивали «Бомба» — в город Нурмес (Финляндия). В 1997 году коллектив театра выступил на XX фестивале фольклора народов севера в городе Гданьске (Польша), в 1998 году — на фольклорном фестивале в Бургасе (Болгария). В 1999 году коллектив завоевал симпатии зрителей на фольклорном фестивале в Тарту (Эстония), в 2000 году — в городе Хельсинки на фестивале «Медвежий праздник», в 2001 году на театральном фестивале «Ugri» в финском городе Иматре, в 2005 году — в городе Рованиеми (Финляндия) на фестивале «Jutajaiset», в 2002 г. — в городе Москва на фестивале «Виват, Меценат!», в 2002, 2004, 2008, 2010 годах — в Республике Марий Эл на Международном фестивале финно-угорских народов «Майатул», в 2006, 2007 — на фестивале «Riddi — Riddi» в Норвегии, в 2007 — на фестивале в городе Будапешт (Венгрия). Коллектив гастролировал в городах: Петрозаводске, Нарьян-Маре, Екатеринбурге, Йошкар-Оле, Кудымкаре, Москве, Саранске, Санкт-Петербурге, а также выступал в Пермском крае.

Награды
Постановки театра отмечены дипломами лауреата многих Международных театральных фестивалей. Музыкальный эпос «Вор керка» (Охотничий домик) завоевал приз Ассоциации педагогов Финляндии в 1994 году, а также приз фестиваля Евро-Арктического региона «Северная звезда» (г. Петрозаводск, 2005 г.). Спектакль «Эзысь шабді» (Серебро льна) на Международном фестивале «Русский остров» (г. Москва, 2005 г.) победил в двух номинациях: «Лучший спектакль фестиваля» и «Лучшая мужская роль» (Александр Ветошкин, роль Oльоша). Дипломом лауреата фестиваля «Майатул» (г. Йошкар-Ола) отмечены драмы «Шудой, эн дзебсясь, энвош» («Счастье, не исчезай») в 2008 году и «Мама-пиа» (Мать и сын) — в 2010 году.

Спектакли театра неоднократно становились лауреатами республиканских театральных конкурсов: музыкальная драма «Ош родвуж» («Медвежья родня») — лауреат фестиваля «Ен дзирд» (2002), комедия «Макар Васька — сиктса зон» (Озорник) — лауреат Республиканского театрального конкурса в 2004 году, фантастический боевик «Пармаын вошом БТР» (БТР, затерявшийся в тайге) — лауреат Республиканского конкурса им. С. И. Ермолина в 2008 году, музыкальная комедия «Готрась, пиo, готрась» (Женись, сынок, женись) — лауреат Республиканского конкурса им. С. И. Ермолина в 2009 году.

Государственными наградами Республики Коми отмечены спектакли театра: «Эзысь шабдi» (Серебро льна) — лауреат Государственной премии Республики Коми в 1999 году, «Но-о, биа бордаяс!» (Ну-у, залётные!) — лауреат Государственной премии Республики Коми в 2007 году, «Пармаын вошом БТР» (БТР, затерявшийся в тайге) — лауреат Премии Правительства Республики Коми в 2009 году.

Фестиваль имени А. П. Чехова
В ноябре 2009 года Национальный музыкально-драматический театр Республики Коми стал основным организатором Международного театрального фестиваля имени А. П. Чехова, прошедшего в городе Сыктывкаре. В рамках фестиваля была показана музыкальная драма по ижмо-колвинскому эпосу «Ясoвой» («Вожак»).

Труппа
Актёрский состав театра — это драматические актёры и артисты фольклорно-этнографического ансамбля «Парма». Среди них :

Заслуженные артисты Республики Коми и лауреаты Государственной премии Республики Коми:
 Александр Ветошкин,
 Елена Чувьюрова,
 Андрей Епанешников,
 Валентина Соколова.
Заслуженные артисты Республики Коми:
 Галина Подорова,
 Алена Сметанина,
 Зоя Осипова.
Лауреаты Государственных премий Республики Коми:
 Андрей Засухин,
 Альбина Карманова,
 Анна Попова.

Примечания

Литература
 Коми театр: время и люди/ — Сыктывкар: АУРК «Издательский дом Коми», 2013.

Театры, основанные в 1992 году в России
Музыкально-драматические театры России
Театры Сыктывкара


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La comunità ebraica di Livorno (in ladino e in giudeo-portoghese la città era chiamata Liorne o Liorna) era costituita, alla sua origine, prevalentemente da ebrei di origine portoghese/spagnola (sefarditi) che, fin dalla fondazione della città, costituiscono una componente importante della vita cittadina.
Oggi è una delle 21 comunità ebraiche italiane riunite nell'UCEI. Attuale presidente è Vittorio Mosseri.

Storia

Le costituzioni livornine del 1591 e 1593  comprendevano agevolazioni in favore degli ebrei ispano-portoghesi che erano stati espulsi dalla penisola iberica alla fine del XV secolo (Marranos). Tali norme, finalizzate ad attirarne a Livorno il maggior numero possibile, erano state emanate appunto perché le loro capacità e le loro esperienze commerciali venivano giudicate utili allo sviluppo della città e riuscirono pienamente nel loro obiettivo.

Livorno, porto creato pressoché dal nulla, divenne in breve uno degli scali principali di tutto il Mediterraneo: il governo granducale aveva concesso a Livorno il privilegio di essere porto franco, al fine di favorire attività come il commercio di intermediazione e di deposito fra gli scali di Levante, le piazze d'Italia e del Nord Europa. In tale commercio gli Ebrei Livornesi si dedicarono con profitto. La nazione ebrea giunse a rappresentare circa il 10% della cittadinanza livornese.

Nel corso del XVIII secolo la situazione politico-economica nell'area Mediterranea subì profondi cambiamenti in conseguenza dei quali i traffici da e per il porto di Livorno si indirizzarono prevalentemente verso le sponde dell'Africa Settentrionale. Livorno divenne piazza di riferimento per gli scambi con i paesi del Maghreb, nei quali il commercio era in gran parte in mano agli ebrei, che importavano cereali, corallo, pellami, piume di struzzo, ed esportavano tessuti e manufatti vari. Dopo il 1830, anche per effetto dell'occupazione francese di Algeri, i traffici della città accentuarono il loro declino e con essi iniziò il declino della Nazione Ebrea di Livorno.

Marrani
Era passato quasi un secolo dal decreto di Alhambra, che prevedeva l'espulsione degli ebrei spagnoli non convertiti. I provvedimenti antisemiti del re del Portogallo del 1496 furono più drastici di quelli spagnoli del 1492: si trattava di convertirsi o perire. Numerosissimi furono i convertiti in apparenza, i quali conservarono nel proprio seno la fede dei padri. L'inquisizione però perseguitava al pari degli eretici questi cristiani chiamati con disprezzo marrani (marranos).
Livorno offrì un luogo in cui, come scrive Gabriele Bedarida: "v'era garanzia per i marrani (o cripto-giudei) di praticare liberamente l'Ebraismo senza venir inquietati dall'inquisizione; v'era libertà di studiare e conseguire titoli accademici, di possedere beni immobili, di risiedere in quartiere aperto (a Livorno non vi fu mai ghetto), di stabilirsi in città e liberamente partirne con i propri beni, di stampare libri ebraici, di amministrare autonomamente la giustizia nelle cause fra ebrei. L'istituto della ballottazione, e cioè l'approvazione da parte dei massari della nazione dei nuovi arrivati che ne facevano richiesta, conferiva ipso facto la qualifica di suddito toscano e permetteva di fruire all'estero della protezione diplomatica. Ciò spiega il gran numero di ebrei in tutto il bacino del Mediterraneo che furono o sono tuttora registrati come 'livornesi'".

Nazione ebrea
La comunità ebraica prosperò per numero, per ricchezza, per importanza culturale, grazie appunto alla possibilità di occupazione che la città di Livorno nel XVI secolo riusciva ad offrire. La normativa speciale concessa dal Granduca di Toscana  non solo permise alla città di accogliere genti diverse per ragioni etniche o religiose ma anche di favorire la pacifica convivenza tra di esse che la resero una meta desiderabile per tante minoranze (chiamate "Nazioni"). In breve la "Nazione Ebrea"  divenne presto la più numerosa e la più importante dal punto di vista economico tra le comunità estere. A differenza delle altre Nazioni, quella ebrea è riconosciuta come suddita toscana a tutti gli effetti, pur avendo dei propri rappresentanti ed una sua giurisdizione separata con proprie leggi e propri magistrati, i massari, che esercitano l'applicazione del diritto secondo la legge mosaica e talmudica. La comunità era amministrata da una circoscritta oligarchia di dieci massari, nominati dallo stesso granduca, tra i sessanta membri ereditari. Tale situazione rimase sostanzialmente immutata fino al 1769, quando nonostante le proteste, la scelta della loro magistratura fu ampliata anche ad altre famiglie israelite come quelle di origine italiana, fino ad allora praticamente escluse.
Nonostante alcuni episodi di insofferenza da parte del popolo, gli ebrei a Livorno avevano grandissima libertà se si pensa che, unico esempio in Europa, non hanno mai avuto un ghetto chiuso, ma un proprio quartiere raccolto intorno alla sinagoga (i quattro canti degli ebrei).

Secondo alcune stime fatte in vari tempi si calcolò che verso il 1689 vi fossero a Livorno circa 5.000 israeliti, intorno al 1740 circa 9.000 e nel 1837 oltre 4.100 solo nel loro quartiere. Del resto la numerosa presenza della comunità è testimoniata anche dai vari cimiteri posseduti nei secoli (dietro il Pontino fino alla fine del XVII secolo, nell'area dell'attuale Istituto Tecnico Industriale di Via Galilei ove è sempre presente una lastra sepolcrale fino dal XIX secolo, sul viale Ippolito Nievo ed infine presso il cimitero della Cigna).

Modifiche degli organi dirigenti nel Settecento
Una riforma emanata dal granduca Cosimo III del 1715 portò ad una trasformazione della struttura degli organi dirigenti della comunità  da una di tipo comunitario ad una di tipo aristocratico: essa riservava al Granduca il diritto di scegliere cinque massari, l'esecutivo, e le altre cariche della nazione. La riforma era stata sollecitata dal gruppo originario di origine portoghese che voleva conservare il suo predominio nella comunità e vedeva minacciato il suo predominio dall'affluenza di ebrei del nord Africa ed italiani.

Riapertura delle cariche della nazione
L'epoca napoleonica introdusse una ventata di riforma anche nel regime interno della nazione. Anche dopo la Restaurazione del 1814 non fu possibile tornare alle antiche strutture ed a tutti i mercanti di qualunque origine fu permesso l'accesso alle cariche pubbliche della comunità.

L'antico predominio dell'elemento iberico tuttavia mantenne alcune sue forme. Tuttavia, la tradizione portoghese si mantenne nel rituale, rimasto invariato fino ad oggi, nella lingua, appunto il portoghese, che si parlò e si scrisse fino all'inizio del secolo scorso. In questa lingua venivano pubblicati, dalla tribuna della Sinagoga, i decreti dei massari e si tenevano i sermoni dei rabbini.

I massari disponevano della facoltà di comminare multe, scomunica ed esilio che la forza pubblica era tenuta a far eseguire, era volta ad assicurare
 il culto con lo sfarzo che la tradizione spagnola ed il gusto del tempo richiedevano,
 la più ampia diffusione dell'istruzione (furono ebraici i primi istituti di educazione pubblica della città), ad assistere i bisognosi con una rete di opere di beneficenza pubbliche e private che assicuravano ai correligionari indigenti sussidi in denaro, biglietti di pane, abiti, cure mediche, etc.

Nel frattempo si accentuò la decadenza dell'importanza di Livorno nel commercio internazionale: dapprima con il blocco continentale di Napoleone, poi col venire meno dei traffici di deposito e di intermediazione, anche per effetto degli sconvolgimenti delle varie fasi della rivoluzione industriale (che avevano spostato l'attenzione dalla fase commerciale a quella della produzione dei beni). La comunità ebraica livornese decrebbe costantemente tra il XIX ed il XX secolo ed in quello attuale la propria importanza e la propria consistenza numerica, e quindi la funzionalità delle istituzioni.

Studi ebraici

Il clima di tolleranza e i privilegi di cui la comunità ebraica godeva favorirono la fioritura degli studi ebraici. In questo campo Livorno si affermò per almeno tre secoli come città ideale: rabbini e studiosi vi accorrevano e vi trovavano un ambiente favorevole, oltre che mecenati disposti ad aiutarli ed a finanziare studi e pubblicazioni, istituti d'istruzione ed accademie talmudiche, ognuna delle quali dotata di una biblioteca ben fornita.

Tra i rabbini di chiara fama che abitarono o soggiornarono a lungo a Livorno figurano, tra gli altri, Malachì Accoen, Abram Isaac Castello, Jacob Sasportas, David Nieto, Chaim Joseph David Azulai, Israel Costa, Elia Benamozegh, Alfredo Sabato Toaff e Giuseppe Laras. Accanto alla scuola del talmud e della torah fiorirono anche varie accademie talmudiche e letterarie private.

Ventennio fascista e seconda guerra mondiale
Le persecuzioni operate dal regime fascista non risparmiarono la popolazione ebraica livornese, che dovette pagare prezzi durissimi in termini di vite umane e di sofferenze subite. Furono oltre un centinaio i livornesi ebrei deportati, consegnati ai nazisti da fascisti italiani su delazione o sulla base delle liste stilate dalla Questura. Meno d'una decina tornarono.
I bombardamenti a cui Livorno fu sottoposta durante la seconda guerra mondiale, inoltre, provocarono la distruzione della sinagoga storica e di gran parte dei suoi preziosi arredi. I lavori per la nuova sinagoga vennero appaltati nel 1958; il progetto venne affidato all'architetto Angelo Di Castro di Roma, che ideò una grandiosa costruzione in cemento armato le cui forme sono ispirate alla tenda del deserto in ricordo dell'esodo. Al suo interno l'edificio contiene un'arca lignea barocca proveniente da Pesaro e due parati antichi. I cimeli salvatisi dalla distruzione durante la seconda guerra mondiale sono custoditi presso il museo ebraico di via Micali, al numero 21.

Secondo dopoguerra e XXI secolo
Nell'immediato dopoguerra, la comunità ebraica di Livorno fu guidata dal rabbino Alfredo Sabato Toaff e da un consiglio di amministrazione guidato da Renzo Cabib. Dal 1960 la comunità ebbe come rabbino aggiunto Bruno Gershom Polacco.
La comunità ebraica di Livorno dette all'Italia il nuovo rabbino capo, Elio Toaff, nato proprio a Livorno e che in tale città aveva compiuto gli studi rabbinici.
La comunità ebraica livornese oggi conta circa 700 persone.

Lingue usate
La comunità ebraica di Livorno usava:
l'ebraico antico come lingua sacra,
il portoghese come lingua ufficiale della comunità (sino all'epoca napoleonica);
lo spagnolo sefardita come lingua di testi letterari ed epigrafi;
l'italiano, come lingua dei rapporti con la società toscana,
il bagito o bagitto un linguaggio misto giudeo-livornese, con una base prossima all'italiano (si veda la voce lingue giudeo-italiane), arricchito di componenti toscane, spagnole, portoghesi ed ebraiche, e addirittura tracce di greco ed yiddish, con una produzione anche letteraria che si è prolungata fino ai nostri giorni.

Influenze sulla società

La comunità ha influenzato, con alcuni suoi membri, le arti e la cultura, l'educazione e il teatro. Tra gli artisti vi furono Serafino De Tivoli, Vittorio Matteo Corcos, Ulvi Liegi ed Amedeo Modigliani. Furono educatori Carolina Nunes Vais, che fondò la prima scuola italiana a Tripoli, il docente universitario David Castelli e Sansone Uzielli. Tra i rabbini Alfredo Sabato Toaff, Elio Toaff, Elia Benamozegh e Sabato Morais, fondatore nel 1886 a New York del Jewish Theological Seminary. Vi furono i politici Giuseppe Emanuele Modigliani e Dario Cassuto, i commediografi Sabatino Lopez e Guido Bedarida. Altre personalità eminenti furono Moses Montefiore, Giuseppe Attias, Alessandro D'Ancona e Federigo Enriques.

Bibliografia
G. Bedarida, Gli Ebrei a Livorno, Livorno 2006.
D. Filippi, Per una storia della Comunità ebraica di Livorno. Contributo bibliografico (1706-2019). In "Nuovi studi livornesi", XXV, n-1-2, 2018. Livorno 2019.
L. Frattarelli Fischer, Vivere fuori dal ghetto. Ebrei a Pisa e Livorno (secolo XVI-XVIII), Torino 2008.
C. Galasso, Alle origini di una comunità: ebree ed ebrei a Livorno nel Seicento, Firenze 2002.
M. Luzzati, Le tre sinagoghe. Edifici di culto e vita ebraica a Livorno dal Seicento al Novecento, Torino 1995.
A. Morpurgo, Il cimitero ebraico in Italia. Storia e architettura di uno spazio identitario, Capodarco di Fermo 2012.
G. Panessa, M.T. Lazzarini, La Livorno delle Nazioni. I luoghi della memoria, Livorno 2006.
G. Panessa, O. Vaccari, Livorno. Il primato dell'immagine, Livorno 1992.
G. Piombanti, Guida storica ed artistica della città e dei dintorni di Livorno, Livorno 1903.

Voci correlate
Storia di Livorno
Sinagoga di Livorno
Sinagoga vecchia di Livorno
Cimiteri ebraici di Livorno
Museo ebraico Yeshivà Marini
Comunità ebraiche italiane
Ebraismo
Casa natale di Amedeo Modigliani
Bagitto

Collegamenti esterni

Comunità ebraica di Livorno


Description: Fillin Station is a business categorized under convenience stores, which is part of the larger category grocery stores. Fillin Station is located at the address 720 Iowa Avenue, Dunlap, IA 51529 in Dunlap, Iowa 51529-1336. The Owner is Karla Shaffer who can be contacted at (712)643-5852.
Location & access map for "Fillin Station"


Discussion in 'ESET Smart Security' started by Teraclips, Jul 23, 2008.
do you use interactive or automatic mode of firewall?
Try to switch to interactive and write result, please.
OK no problem, tomrow I'll do it because I have test on friday and I want to study a little, thank you for your time and help(or future help hahaha).


The veil lifts partially on the next edition of Grand Prix of Historic Pau, with already two essential decisions made. HVM Racing, besides being promoter of the Historic Tour and the co-organizer of Grand Prix of Historic France, has been joined in its implementation by the Asac Basco Béarnais, Chaired by Joël Do Vale.
For the record, HVM Racing has previously assured this organizer's mission of the Historic Grand Prix of Pau on four occasions, from 2014 until 2017. The programming of this 2019 edition is still not totally finalized, however a happy piece of news is already confirmed. At the invitation of HVM Racing, F1 and cars of Grand Prix of the HGPCA will be back in the city next May!
To this featured program (one dedicated to the pre-1961 F1, the other to those of the period 1961-1965) others will join, also promising (F3 and Formula Renault Classic, Formula Ford 2000, Formula Ford Historic, Maxi 1300 Series + Group 1 Portuguese, etc) offering the public a beautiful diversity of vehicles and the drivers present in recent years, the guarantee to be able to continue to animate this precious Historic Pau Grand Prix.


Today Liberty842 has launched Open Mike Productions' brand new website showcasing their work.
Open Mike Productions have been in business for over 20 years and have created iconic TV and radio comedy shows which include Lead Balloon, Live at the Apollo, The Last Leg and Alan Carr: Chatty Man.
The website incorporates clips and images from many of their shows, links to their YouTube and social media accounts and their numerous DVD titles.
Liberty842 also manages Open Mike Productions' social media accounts including The Last Leg, Alan Carr: Chatty Man and Open Mike's Twitter account.
You can follow @OpenMike_TV on Twitter.


The Blue Cottage is decorated for St. Patrick's Day! I made this super easy St. Patrick's Day banner — here is the tutorial.
You know me, I don't pay much for decorations – I usually find inexpensive ones at thrift stores or craft stores, or tag sales.
I always have the next holiday in mind and my eye out for decorations for that holiday when I shop. St. Patrick's Day is Sunday, March 17 this year.
I'm loving all of the green in our living room.
I made this banner with vintage seed packets last year, but I don't know where it is right now, so I just made a new one.
On my last visit to the craft store, I found little shamrocks on sale for $50 cents, and the little corrugated cardboard tags were also half off. I knew they 'd be perfect for a fast banner.
I added one glue dot to the shamrocks and pressed them gently against the cardboard tags. You could obviously also just cut banner pieces in the shape you prefer out of thick cardstock.
I glued down five shamrocks leaning to the left and five leaning to the right for this banner.
After I measured how much twine I'd need to span our fireplace mantel, I started cliping the banner pieces to the twine.
Since it's hard to attach something to the stone top of our mantel, I just put the ends of the twine under the cake stand on one side and the vase on the other, and readjusted the banner pieces until I was happy with it.
And this is what the banner looks like on our mantel now. Cute, right? I just noticed that the little green bird is sitting in the same spot as last year.
I put together the rest of the decor by grabbing a lot of things I have that are green, like the plants, the dried hydrangea, and the vintage bottles, and added just a few new pieces.
I was looking for St. Patrick's Day decor the last few weeks, and soon I'll be concentrating on finding a few new items for spring and Easter decor.
The three shamrock I added to the doors in the center of the mantel cost a few dollars at the Christmas Tree Shops.
The shamrock with the burlap bow is from the craft store, and the most expensive new item I bought was the green garland around the fireplace frame — that was about $19, but I had a 40% off coupon.
It's tricky to position things on our mantel because it's not level, but after some rearranging and trying different things, I usually find a look I'm happy with.
I've had these bamboo plants for years, and their height adds another nice dimension.
My dear father collected antique bottles, and I have continued that tradition.
I always think of him when I see old bottles, and I like decorating with them partly for that reason. It feels unreal that we will have been without him for five years this August.
Nests and eggs make me think of my mom, who loves collecting stone eggs, so this mantel decor also makes me think of her.
Here you can see how I decorated the table.
This vintage tray from Italy is a Goodwill find for $3.99, the green box a tag sale find, the bird box was on clearance in a gift store, and the mercury candle was a dollar at Target.
These fake plants and planters are from IKEA, and I have four of them around the house. They are inexpensive and come in handy all the time.
So there you have it: an easy DIY St. Patrick's Day banner and thrifty shamrock decor that didn't break the bank and didn't take long to put together.
It's so easy, your kids can help to make it.
So so cute! I love touches of green. Your vintage green bottles are my favorite!
Really like this look. shopping your house for bits and bobs in a specific color is So much more interesting than just going to the craft store and stocking up…that spool of green thread is a cute touch!
This banner is adorable and perfect for your mantel. I can't wait to share this in my DIY St.Patrick's Day Ideas on the Merry Monday party sunday at 6pm PST. I hope you can join the party.
Your home is wonderful and i love all the touches of green!
Thank you for your kind comment, Angie!
Thanks for coming by, Crystal!
Although St. Patrick's isn't one I decorate for, I LOVE seasonal and holiday decorating!! This is so sweet and your home always looks so amazing!
Very cute decor. Thanks for partying with us at Merry Monday. I have never had any luck with the bamboo plants. Yours look healthy.
I never decorate for St. Patkrick's Day but now I'm thinking maybe I should. It all looks great and all of the green is perfect for spring too!


text:
Will 2008 Be Vista's Golden Year?
By Stuart J. Johnston
Despite months of rumors and innuendo suggesting that sales of Windows Vista were lackluster, Microsoft last week turned in its best first quarter in eight years.
And among the products credited with driving that revenue jump was Vista. However, Microsoft officials are being even cagier than usual when it comes to talking about the specifics behind those numbers.
Chief Financial Officer Chris Liddell told financial analysts during the company's quarterly earnings call Thursday that sales of Vista so far stand at 88 million units. He said that compares to 45 million units for Windows XP in a similar time period after XP first shipped.
That number, according to a Microsoft spokesperson, includes sales of Vista installed in new PCs and as retail packages. In July, Liddell told analysts that Vista units sold via PC makers and at retail locations totaled 60 million to that point. (Vista began shipping to corporate customers last November and to consumers in late January 2007.)
But that doesn't even begin to tell the whole story when it comes to license sales.
In late August, David Zipkin, senior product manager for the Windows client, told InternetNews.com, that besides the OEM and retail numbers, Microsoft had also sold some
42 million units through volume license agreements with large customers.
However, as Liddell pointed out, volume license numbers are not directly comparable to installed units. They are rather an indication of the "intent" to install Vista. In that regard, he said volume licenses were up significantly during the quarter that ended September 30.
"The volume licensing portion of our business was up 27 percent in the client area so that's a very good leading indicator from our point of view," Liddell added.
Compare that to a statement made by CEO Steve Ballmer at the company's annual financial analyst meeting in July when he said that by the end of the current fiscal year—which concludes at the end of June 2008—there will be more than 1 billion PCs running Windows worldwide.
Indeed, sales of new PCs remain strong. In late September researcher Gartner predicted worldwide PC sales in 2007 will increase 12.3 percent compared to 2006, and will grow by another 11 percent in 2008. For 2007, that translates into 260 million PCs sold worldwide.
Microsoft's own predictions, while not directly comparable, see the industry selling between 14 percent and 16 percent more new PCs in fiscal 2008. Perhaps even more aggressive is the firm's "guidance" for analysts regarding sales of Windows "clients," which includes XP as well as Vista.
This article was first published on InternetNews.com. To read the full article, click here.
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Honey 100% natural homegrown, from a select transhumance by the Mediterranean or inland of the Iberian peninsula. Filtered and packed at low temperature. Light-colored. Intense fruity aroma and medium persistence. Sweet flavor with light acid notes.


The time card retrieves time accrued on a project or spent working on any record in the Task table from the Time worked field.
This field does not appear by default on the Project Task, Incident, Problem, and Change forms and must be added by personalizing the form. Time recorded in this field is used to populate an existing time card or to create a new time card if one does not exist. A time sheet policy controls this behavior.
the user is assigned to the task through Assigned to or Additional assignee list field.
The Time worked field has a counter that acts like a stopwatch for the duration of the time spent in the record. A button in the field can stop and start the counter. By default, the Time worked counter is enabled and begins recording the elapsed time when the record is opened. Stop the counter with the stop button and restart it with the play button.
If you are creating time cards from time worked entries, you can add the related list to display the time worked records on the time card form. You will also notice an informational message on the time card to let you know that changes to time worked records overrides values in the time card. This is displayed using a formatter, which can be added or removed by configuring the form.


The author is Josef Spillner, a student at Dresden University of Technology involved with several courses in distributed, secure and verifyable computing.
Fin is not usable yet, however please feel encouraged to give it a try. If you don't like it, there's still Ruby and Smalltalk and lots of others, you won't get an excuse for not programming at all. But at least give me some feedback on what you'd like to see implemented or changed.


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Canadian Kaillie Humphries and USA's Elana Meyers-Taylor made history by becoming the first women to win four-man international bobsleigh medals.
Olympic champion Humphries, 29, piloted her three male team-mates to silver, with the USA team third, in the first of two North American Cup races in Calgary, Canada.
Britain's Lamin Deen won gold in the second race, ahead of Meyers-Taylor.
"This weekend was a step in the right direction," said Meyers-Taylor.
The sport's international governing body [FIBT] only approved the participation of women in four-man competition in September.
Humphries and Meyers-Taylor - who claimed silver at Sochi 2014 - need only compete in one further second-tier event in order to secure their place in the main four-man World Cup circuit.
In the women's two-man events, Humphries won gold in the first race alongside Kate O'Brien, with Meyers-Taylor second alongside Garrett Cherrelle.
British pair Mica McNeill and Sian Huxtable were third, continuing their impressive start to the season that included two medals in Park City, Utah, last week.
Deen and his crew of Keith McLaughlin, Justin Oro-Campos and Andrew Matthews, will now head to Lake Placid, USA, for the season-opening World Cup races 8-13 December.


text:
Convite Para Ouvir Maysa Nº 4 é o quinto álbum de estúdio gravado pela cantora brasileira Maysa, lançado em 1959. A capa do álbum exibia uma foto antiga de Maysa, quando ainda era casada, com os cabelos loiros, lábios vermelhos e tristes, dedilhando as cordas de um violão. Como nos dois álbuns anteriores, foi Enrico Simonneti o responsável pelos arranjos do disco.

Ao contrario do disco anterior, o Convite Para Ouvir Maysa nº 4 recebeu muitos elogios da crítica. Entre o clima melancólico dos sambas-canções havia duas faixas inusitadas e mais agitadas: "Negro Malandro do Morro" (composição dela) e "Outra Vez". As canções "Exaltação ao Amor" e "Noite de Paz" foram lançadas também em um disco 78 rpm. A italiana "Malatia" também foi lançada, no mesmo ano, em um compacto duplo, junto com a norte-americana "Get Out Of Town", a francesa "Chanson D'amour" e a canção do folclore turco "Uska Dara".

Faixas

Álbuns de 1959
Álbuns de Maysa
Álbuns em língua portuguesa
Álbuns em língua italiana