Picture a place where N.O.-Xplode costs $100, where rusted weights take you back to that makeshift gym in your parents' basement, and a place where the winters get so cold that your lungs freeze should you dare leave the house to cross the street.
– How to eat healthy after too much mutton kebab, of which hot sauce is a staple ingredient.
The next challenge was solidifying a workout plan by finding a quality, affordable gym. Much like my House Hunters International: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia experience the choices for gyms leave much to be desired. This was an interesting surprise given that the world's powerlifting champion hails from Mongolia.
Where was he working out, I wondered.
For $140/month you get a gym the size of a closet with dumbbells that only go up to 50lbs, a Smith machine bench press, and a trainer that creepily follows you around.
Option 2: Fitness Anywhere via TRX. This option lets me avoid the winter by working out in the comfort of my own home with the ropes hanging on my vault door.
TRX is great for vacation and nothing is more challenging than a timed set of atomic push-ups but it isn't a sustainable replacement for a real gym.
Yao Ming who has no affiliation with California since he played for the Houston Rockets cleverly opened a group of gyms in China called California Gym. His celebrity and the word 'California' made this one of the most popular gyms.
The availability of 100lb dumbbells aren't so appealing when it's minus 40 outside.
Right next to my apartment is a hotel gym with 24 hour access. It has a universal machine and old school do it yourself dumbbells with weights scattered all over the floor. The gym was empty when I visited most likely because it cost $100 a month.
Convenience isn't worth getting ripped off.
Is this worth $100 a month?
It also has a hot tub!
If we walk Jamaican, talk Jamaican, and *is* Jamaican, then we sure as hell better bobsled Jamaican.
My building is Soviet, my apartment is Soviet, so why not lift Soviet? The locals warned me that I should elect options 1-4 because of the poor quality of these types of gyms. For one month, I did stay away till I could no longer take the mush that was once my muscle.
I bravely snorted a line of N.O. and went to the basement of Soviet Land. Beyond the rusted weights, the pictures of Arnold Schwarzenegger and naked women pinned to the wall, was a bench press that seemed operational, a wide grip pull up bar, a squat rack (in the event I ever do legs), and plenty of space to do push ups- all the essentials for regimented workout.
The price was a reasonable $44 a month which I negotiated down to $33 by bringing exactly 60,000MNT and pleading ignorance when he asked for the extra 20,000.
Add in what appeared to be the rest of the powerlifting team of Mongolia waiting for me to get buried on the bench and I had found the last component of making all kinds of gains while overseas- motivation.
← The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming!


It's here! At last! The much anticipated (by probably two people) return of Weigh-in Wednesdays on the blog!
A little backstory first. I joined Weight Watchers in 2015 and lost almost 40 lbs on the Points Plus program. I quit that program in the spring of 2016 after they switched to Smart Points and I could not for the life of me make it work for me in a healthy way. It was too harsh, too restrictive, too punitive to be sustainable for me. My father-in-law was diagnosed with Stage 4 Glioblastoma (extremely nasty and aggressive brain cancer) in the summer of 2016. And all my hard work went basically straight out the window as I ran straight back to emotional eating as a coping mechanism. To make matters more complicated, I got pregnant around Christmas in 2016 after gaining almost all of the weight back. We lost my father-in-law in April of 2017. I had my rainbow baby (affectionately known as Judah Bear) in September of 2017– despite sciatica, a host of other complications, and gestational diabetes. My weight now is the highest it has ever been. And while I tried to get on a diet and exercise program ASAP after having Judah, I found my breastmilk supply suffered from it, so decided to put off trying again until he was six months old– knowing by then, he wouldn't be in any real danger if my supply suffered, as I'd have expressed milk frozen while I troubleshoot and also hopefully he'd be doing well with solids. (Which he is.) I stepped on the scale a couple weeks ago for the first time in months and the number I saw absolutely shocked me. It wasn't the first indicator I had that my weight gain was getting out of control, but it was enough to kick me into gear.
So. Last week I took the plunge and decided to try the newest Weight Watchers plan, which is called Smart Points Freestyle. I'm one week in and so far, still very much experimenting. I'm committed to the next three months with WW. I'm hoping it'll stick, but I'm also a little bit skeptical being that I'm still nursing and the original Smart Points program burned me SO BAD. But I'm thrilled to be back with my group of primarily older Edina ladies who are so deeply, deeply precious to me and the most awesome WW leader on the face of the planet. We all burst into tears at my first time back last week. It was really hard and also really sweet.
The Numbers: Down, much to my surprise! I worked really hard last week and then pretty much blew it on Sunday, even though I had no intention of doing so. But I know what I need to do to see them keep going down, so I'm focusing on that.
Non-Scale Victories: After a binge that went farther than it should have, I GOT RID OF ALL THE EASTER CANDY. All of it. Even Mojo's. And while I felt pretty bad about that at first, he didn't even notice. And he hasn't asked for it. So. Lemons. Lemonade. And my first non-scale victory in the books.
This Week's Goals: Track everything with accuracy and integrity. It may seem ridiculous that anyone trying to lose weight would try to fudge the numbers while tracking rather than just not tracking it at all. But I did. And I've done it before. And I'm willing to bet I'll do it again. But when I'm trying out a brand new program and hoping to see how/if it will work for me, it's extra ridiculous to do it now.


It's PART TWO of our collaboration with TRAMPS LIKE US and Lee McCormack. This week we talk about the enduring musical partnership and marriage of Patti Scialfa and Bruce Springsteen.
This is a spotlight on the First Lady of E Street! We discuss Patti's childhood, her solo career, how she came to meet Bruce and become a part of the band and OF COURSE- her influence on Bruce musically and personally!


text:
Les Jardins Cybernétiques
DONATIEN AUBERT
Plastic and video installation
Creation CHRONIQUES 2020
Technoscientific modernity has disrupted the relationship humans have with life and the environment in which they live. Les jardins cybernétiques installation provides an overview of these disruptions and highlights the consequences for the development of contemporary societies.
The project shows how our mental representations of living things have been transformed by the dissemination of digital technologies in the environment and how, in turn, these technologies play a part in reshaping it.
Les jardins cybernétiques is centered on a short film of computer generated images aiming to reframe these historical issues. It is accompanied by several modules highlighting the growing role of IT in environmental regulation and its imaginary: plant holding chrysalises, made of metal and plexiglass, emit sounds of nature disturbed, in the presence of visitors, by an electronic composition; a greenhouse shaped like a space capsule contains more vegetation; all in the presence of models of plants species (as 3D prints and computer rendered images) that have disappeared since the beginning of the industrial revolution.
© Donatien Aubert
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Donatien Aubert (FRA)
http://www.donatienaubert.com/
Donatien Aubert is an artist, researcher and author. He produces hybrid works questioning in a technocritical perspective the sources of digital cultures.
He is a graduate of the École nationale supérieure d'Arts de Paris-Cergy and of the Faculty of Arts and Humanities of Sorbonne University (PhD in comparative literature) and was a researcher for three years at EnsadLab (the Laboratory of the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs).
He has been exhibited in several biennials (Némo, Chroniques) and his work has been presented internationally (Taipei, Kyoto, Moscow, Lausanne, and Esch Belval in 2022, in Luxembourg). He is the winner of the CNAP photographic commission "Image 3.0" in 2020. He is represented by the Odile Ouizeman Gallery in Paris.
He is published by Éditions Hermann (Vers une disparition programmatique d'Homo sapiens?, 2017) and has participated in scientific works, such as L'art de la mémoire et les images mentales (2018), by Éditions du Collège de France.
Credits & mentions
Design, writing and realization of the project: Donatien Aubert
Narrator: Anne-Sophie Bailly
Sound recording: Melodium Studio, Montreuil
Creation produced by CHRONIQUES, Biennale of Digital Imagination, imagined by SECONDE NATURE and ZINC.
Quadrivium II
Amélie Bouvier (BE)
Production CHRONIQUES 2021
Thierry Fournier (FRA)
Alain Damasio (FRA), Charles Ayats (FRA), Franck Deslias (FRA), Franck Weber (FRA)
Augmented Reality Experience
Production CHRONIQUES 2020 - International
Discover the new edition

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.nec.healthpredictions.search;

import com.nec.healthpredictions.repository.RiskNameRepository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * This class contain condition using for query from {@link RiskNameRepository}
 *
 * @author vuld
 */
public class RankNameCondition extends Condition {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	private String kenkan_no;
	private String corporation_code;

	public String getKenkan_no() {
		return kenkan_no;
	}

	public void setKenkan_no(String kenkan_no) {
		this.kenkan_no = kenkan_no;
	}

	public String getCorporation_code() {
		return corporation_code;
	}

	public void setCorporation_code(String corporation_code) {
		this.corporation_code = corporation_code;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Built between 1786 and 1806, the Fowler Clark Epstein Farm remains among the earliest intact, vernacular examples of an agricultural property in the Commonwealth's cities. The original farmhouse is located on land that was once part of a large Dorchester estate encompassing over 330 acres.
Over its 200 year history, it was primarily owned by three families, beginning with Samuel Fowler, a Dorchester yeoman in the late 18th century. In the 1820s, the land was sold to the Clark family and later subdivided into parcels as advancements in transportation hastened the development of Mattapan as a streetcar suburb of Boston. However, more than half an acre of land was preserved within a densely developed residential neighborhood, and the original house and barn were sold to Jorge Epstein in 1941. The land remained in family possession until falling vacant in 2013 when Jorge's widow Ida passed away.
Purchased by HBI in 2015, the farm will be restored as headquarters and urban farming education and training center for the Urban Farming Institute. Rehabilitation plans include land areas cultivated for local food production with a greenhouse, farm stand, classrooms, and demonstration kitchen. Construction began on the barn and farmhouse in late 2016 and was completed in July 2018. The architectural firm Perkins+Will is leading the design team on the barn and farmhouse.
Fowler Clark Epstein Farm is part of The Trust for Public Land's Boston Urban Agriculture Partnership—a community-driven effort to create five farms in Boston that provide healthy food, generate job opportunities, and create more livable neighborhoods. The Current Tenant, the Urban Farming Institute uses the barn as headquarters for their operations, the test kitchen to educate the community, and the front of the property as green space for growing vegetables and flowers.


The idea of starting a blog runs through the mind of many youngsters who want to declare their independence and prove their capabilities.
Indeed, blogging sharpens your mind and helps you filter information, improves your writing skills and boosts your confidence, gives you the opportunity of meeting new people and making money, not to mention the fact that you will become an inspiration for many readers out there.
However, if you rely on your blog to earn your existence and increase your online notoriety, prepare to face disappointing times. Traffic is another important factor that you cannot overlook. You have to set the target audience because after all, you need to know who reads your blog.
In order to attract quality readers, you must create useful and exciting content, engage people and give them a compelling reason to return every single time.
Obviously, constantly finding innovative ways to enhance your content and boost your traffic is imperative. With the right kind of software, running email marketing, sharing on social media, communicating with readers, providing user analytics as well as detecting grammar issues or plagiarism will no longer be a problem. The software chosen must be readily usable and include advanced features.
Do you want to build and modify a successful blog, but you do not have extensive IT knowledge? Do you want to publish relevant content for your loyal readers while avoiding the hassle of formatting? Do you want to create professional looking pages in order to enjoy qualified leads?
Having the right hosting and software tools can dramatically improve your blog. With a little research, your blogging vision will turn into reality. HubSpot Blogging Software is one option that will help grow traffic with tools such as kickback emails, collected forms, lead flows and more.
In addition to Hubspot, WordPress, and Readable.io will help you develop a professional online persona. If you worry about readability or plagiarism, then you should focus your attention on tools like Readable.io which examines your article to offer an accurate readability score.
Grammarly is also a good option and is excellent at picking up errors and incorrect sentences. Nobody likes - and nobody will tolerate - sloppy writing. Nor will people put up with copy and paste bloggers. Copyscape is a good way to keep you honest, improve readability and further build trust with your audience.
If you want to stay in the blogging business, be authentic, be clear and be readable.
I want to mention two more favorites. They are free and easy to use and can add even more quality to your blog. Buzzsumo and Canva.
Even if you are a creative blogger, at some point, you might run out of ideas and this is where BuzzSumo, another type of software comes in. In fact, you can even check out the competition to determine what brought them success in terms of the topic of the blog.
You have to be aware that, besides content, you also have to include something visually appealing on your pages.
Canva allows you to add charts, infographics and other images to help readers understand better the information. You might need a social media management tool if you plan to share your content and Sprout Social is the perfect choice for your needs.
Got some additional tips on boosting a blogs' popularity and reach? Let me know the tools you use for creating stunning and engaging content for your readers.


text:
The British Poultry Standard is the oldest poultry fancy breed standard in the world. It is published by the Poultry Club of Great Britain and is the official reference standard used by judges at poultry shows within the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland.

History

The standard was first published in 1865 by the original Poultry Club of Great Britain, a club which existed for only three years. It was entitled The standard of excellence in Exhibition Poultry and was edited by William Bernhardt Tegetmeier. It was the first publication of its kind. The compilation of the standard was then taken over by the second, current Poultry Club of Great Britain. The number of editions of the standard that have been published is uncertain, as each successive publisher that has been used by the Poultry Club of Great Britain has started again with a first edition. The current edition, published in 2008 by Blackwell, is the sixth in the current numbering.

Use

The standard is the official reference for use by judges at poultry shows in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. It contains breed standards of more than 150 breeds of chickens, ducks, geese and turkeys; pigeons are not included.

Editions

Editions of the standards include, but probably are not limited to, these:

 William Bernhard Tegetmeier (editor). The Standard of Excellence in Exhibition Poultry, authorized by the Poultry Club. London: Groombridge and Sons, for the Poultry Club, 1865.
 . The Poultry Book: comprising the breeding and management of profitable and ornamental poultry, their qualities and characteristics; to which is added the Standard of Excellence in exhibition birds, authorized by the Poultry Club. [S.l.]: Routledge, 1867.
 , Harrison Weir (illustrator). The Poultry Book: comprising the breeding and management of profitable and ornamental poultry, their qualities and characteristics; to which is added "The Standard of Excellence in Exhibition Birds," authorized by the Poultry Club. London; New York : George Routledge and Sons, the Broadway, Ludgate, 1867.
 [A.M. Halsted]. The Standard of Excellence as adopted by the American Poultry Society, being a reprint of the same as compiled and adopted by the London Poultry Club, with alterations and additions, adapting it to America. New York: A.M. Halsted, 1867.
 William Bernhard Tegetmeier, Harrison Weir (illustrator). The Poultry Book: comprising the breeding and management of profitable and ornamental poultry, their qualities and characteristics; to which is added "The Standard of Excellence in Exhibition Birds," authorized by the Poultry Club. New edition, greatly enlarged. London; New York : George Routledge and Sons, the Broadway, Ludgate, 1873.
 . The standard of excellence in exhibition poultry, authorised by the Poultry Club, to which is added the American standard. Reprinted from the original editions, with additions. London, 1874.
 Alexander Comyns (editor). The Standard of Perfection for Exhibition Poultry. London: Office of the Poultry Club, [1886].
 T. Threlford (editor), Lewis Wright (introduction). The Poultry Club Standards, containing a complete description of all the recognised varieties of fowls, second edition. London; Paris; New York; Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1901.
 Lewis Wright. The New Book of Poultry. With Forty-Five Plates, by J.W. Ludlow, and the Poultry Club Standards of Perfection for the Various Breeds. London; Paris; New York; Melbourne: Cassell and Company, 1902. (reprinted 1904)
 T. Threlford (editor), Lewis Wright (introduction). The Poultry Club Standards. Containing a complete description of all the recognised varieties of fowls, third edition. London: Cassell, 1905.
 Sidney Hubert Lewer, Lewis Wright. Wright's Book of Poultry. Revised and edited in accordance with the latest Poultry Club standards by S. H. Lewer. London; Paris; New York; Melbourne: Cassell and Company, [n.d., after 1910].
 William White Broomhead (editor). The Poultry Club Standards: containing a complete description of all the recognised varieties of fowls, ducks, geese and turkeys, fifth edition. London: The Poultry Club, 1922.
 . The Poultry Club Standards, sixth edition. London: Poultry Club of Great Britain, 1923.
 . The Poultry Club Standards, seventh edition. London: The Poultry Club, 1926.
 . The Poultry Club Standards, eighth edition. London: The Poultry Club, 1930.
 [Poultry Club of Great Britain]. British Poultry Standards: Complete specifications and judging points of all standardised breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed societies and recognised by The Poultry Club of Great Britain. London: Poultry World in association with the Poultry Club of Great Britain, [1954].
 [Poultry Club of Great Britain]. British Poultry Standards. Complete specifications and judging points of all standardised breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed societies and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, revised edition, with illustrations. London: Poultry World, [1960].
 C. George May (editor). British Poultry Standards: Complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the Specialist Breed Societies and recognized by the Poultry Club of Great Britain. London: Iliffe Books, 1971.
 , David Hawksworth. British Poultry Standards: Complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the Specialist Breed Societies and recognized by the Poultry Club of Great Britain. London; Boston: Butterworth Scientific, 1982.
 . British Poultry Standards: Complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the Specialist Breed Societies and recognized by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, fourth edition, revised by David Hawksworth. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1994. .
 Victoria Roberts (editor). British Poultry Standards: Complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the Specialist Breed Societies and recognized by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, fifth edition. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1997. .
 . British Poultry Standards: Complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the Specialist Breed Clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain. Oxford: Blackwell, 2008. .

References

Handbooks and manuals
Poultry standards
Standards of the United Kingdom

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Is your air conditioner leaving hot spots throughout your East Flat Rock, NC home? Does your heat pump, furnace or boiler short cycle frequently, jacking up your energy bills and leaving your home uncomfortable? Have you noticed that the air in your home just does not seem to be of the highest quality? Do not put up with this sort of discomfort. Contact Comfort Central today to schedule all the services you need to make your East Flat Rock, NC home as comfortable as can be.
For Air Conditioning services in East Flat Rock call Comfort Central. Summers get hot here in North Carolina. Make sure that your home is prepared. We can keep your air conditioning system running efficiently and effectively so that you can beat the heat this summer. Just because the heat keeps rising does not mean that you should not be cool and comfortable in your own home. Let us tell you about the air conditioner options available to you.
When you live in North Carolina you have to be prepared for cold winters. Comfort Central has all the services you need to ensure that your heat pump, boiler, ductless mini splits and radiant heating systems are up to the challenge ahead, no matter how low temperatures may drop. Our expert installation services will make sure that your heater is properly sized and ready to keep your home warm, and our routine maintenance and repairs will keep it in great working condition.
The boiler in your home is subject to the same amount of wear and tear as anything else. There are several signs to look out for. If you notice that your boiler makes a loud noise, it fails to turn on as promised, or your bills are out of control, then it's time to give us a call for boiler repair.
The maintenance of your boiler can go a long way toward preserving its performance and efficiency over the years. Our technicians will thoroughly clean, inspect, and tune–up your system annually so that you protect your investment, and (most importantly), protect your comfort.
A heat pump is typically used as a year–round system. That makes it incredibly convenient, but it also means that it receives twice the amount of wear and tear during the hot and cold seasons. Whether you're in need of a new heat pump that matches your needs precisely or your existing model is not working as it should, give us a call. We specialize in new heat pump installations and repair.
Great comfort requires more than great temperature maintenance. Call Comfort Central today to start improving indoor air quality in your home. It's time you started living in true comfort.
If you cannot keep conditioned air in you ductwork you cannot heat and cool your home efficiently. Do not let damaged, loose fitting air ducts cause your energy costs to soar. Schedule professional duct sealing services today.
Excessively humid or dry air is more than just a minor inconvenience. Improper humidity levels can damage your home and property. The installation of a whole–house humidifier or dehumidifier can help. Call Comfort Central for more information.
Commercial HVAC systems are large and complex. Only a certified commercial HVAC technician can guarantee the safety and quality of your commercial HVAC system's operation. Let us keep your commercial property efficiently comfortable all year long.


For Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders, everything in the landscape has its place of importance according to spiritual beliefs systems, and knowledge of this has been handed down orally from one generation to the next. Through rock art, ceremony, dance and stories, this knowledge has been recorded from well before Europeans began documenting the many different Indigenous cultures within Australia. The location of culturally significant sites associated with 'the Dreaming' continues to inform contemporary Indigenous society. The simple stamping on the land to creating dust during ceremonial performances reminds us of the earth that we come from.
Landscapes across Queensland are associated with Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander ancestral 'dreaming' or story time. Across northern Australia, Aboriginal people have traditional stories of how the Rainbow Serpent broke through the earth creating all land forms such as gorges, rivers, mountains and islands. Similar interpretations are written across the land, each group in their own language narrating stories of ancestral totemic spirits who produced the people, all life, lore, language and culture. Song lines or song cycles traverse the country, related to these ancestral spirits. In order to identify the landmarks in the appropriate sequence, songs are sung, depending on the custodial relationship, to heighten their spiritual sensitivity to the dimension of the 'dreaming'. In doing so, spirits inform singers of the location of each site within the landscape, and the land and ancestral stories are preserved. Song lines are used in ritual ceremony, to navigate vast distances or to find places for freshwater. Many traditional stories or language names have influenced the names given to places recorded by early European surveyors.
Popular tourist destinations such as the Glass House Mountains, Barron Gorge, Laura escarpment or the enigmatic Carnarvon Gorge, visually arresting features in the landscape, are associated with creation or totemic stories passed down for thousands of years. In many cases the cultural information is incorporated into mainstream tourism and activities that enhance visitor experiences and cross cultural understanding. There are also mythological and ceremonial sites of cultural significance distinguished by stone arrangements or bora rings. Such sites continue to be important places for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
this area is very sacred to my people because it also tells a story of how Captain Cook from the Endeavour came here for fresh water. Joseph Banks a botanist from the ship came ashore for fresh water and even though he saw smoke from camp fires he could not see anybody there. But my people were there all the time... This medicine water is not crystal clear, it is red and white but you can drink it and bathe in it. For the healing process to work you must have a representative or a tribal elder with you when you go there.
Mount Mulligan on the Atherton Tablelands, a curious tabletop monolith of conglomerate and sandstone surrounded by steep ominous cliffs, is a highly significant cultural site known to the local Djungan people as Ngarrabullgan. The Djungan people have avoided camping on this mountain because of the spiritual power of Eekoo, the malevolent spirit that resides at Lake Kungarra. Eekoo had played a role in the creation of the mountain and will cause great sickness to those who do not abide by cultural law. Evidence of occupation by Aboriginal people at Ngarrabullgan has been excavated and shows radio carbon dates of 40,000 years ago, making it the oldest occupied site in Queensland.
Paintings on the rock surface at the ancestral site of 'Mushroom Rock' shelter in low woodland near Laura show an inverted white spirit. The shelter is believed to have been occupied for over 10,000 years. Known as Quinkan Country and containing many spectacular galleries of well-documented rock paintings, it is highly significant for cultural reasons and also a popular destination for curious tourists. Another site close by is called 'Early Man' and contains engravings of motifs and animals. A charcoal deposit dated to over 15,000 years before present provides evidence of the existence and history of a hunting-and-gathering society.
In the southeast corner of Queensland, the Mununjali people have told how Round Mountain near Laravale, tumbled from the sky. This story has been studied by scientists who concluded that the mountain was a 'great volcanic rock sitting on the alluvium of the Logan', probably created by the eruption of Wollumbin, Mt Warning, verifying the creation story of this unusual mountain. Nearby Kombumerri people call the creation spirit Jabreen, whose fingers can be seen in the rocky protrusions at the top on eastern side of the headland at Jellurgal, Burleigh Heads. Jarbeen was one of three brothers who created the landforms of this region. Mounds of discarded shells, stones, bones and charcoal remnants called 'middens', can still be seen around Jellurgal, and the earthen ceremonial ground of the Jebbribillum Bora ring also exists today at nearby Miami. Middens are evidence of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander occupation sites and reveal information on their diet and habits, and can be found both across the landscape and sea floor which had been occupied before the last major rise in sea level more than 15,000 years ago.
Throughout the world there are repeated stories about 'the great flood' and the causes of ancient floods have been investigated and debated for many years. The Rainbow Serpent rose from the sea near Palm Island and again at Hinchinbrook Island and many other places across the landscape on his journey of creation. But some creation stories articulate narratives about two newly initiated brothers who broke important taboos. Others tell of the consequences of transgressing traditional cultural laws, angering ancestral creation spirits, the carpet snake or rainbow serpent. According to the Djabugay, Gunggandji and Yidinji people of north Queensland, two brothers Damarri and Guyala argued and angered the rainbow serpent who created a storm that raised the sea level over the stretch of land that once connected the mainland to Fitzroy Island. Damarri heated some stones and pushed them into the sea off Yarrabah to stop the flood – these stones can be still seen today. Another time the brothers argued and they made rock and fire come from the ground surrounded by volcanic and metamorphic sediments at the site of the independent peak and distinctive landmark known as Walsh's Pyramid near Gordonvale.
On the Sunshine Coast tourists and environmentalists learn about the curious volcanic peaks of Mt Tibrogargan, documented by Captain Cook when he saw the protrusions from the Endeavour during his journey up the east coast in 1770, calling them the Glass House Mountains.
Tibrogargan saw the sea waters rising and gathered up his wife Beerwah and children to flee to higher ground in the west. When Tibrogargan asked his eldest son to assist the pregnant Beerwah, Coonowrin cowardly ran by himself. Infuriated, Tibrogargan clubbed Coonowrin dislocating his neck. Today Tibrogargan faces away from Coonowrin whose head hangs shamefully low, and Beerwah the largest mountain, remains heavy with child. Their tears run out to sea in creeks and streams from these mountains. Caboolture to the south of these unusual rock formations is also the place of the ancestral carpet snake. Across the Sunshine Coast, such original Aboriginal names identify places significant to the Kabi traditional owners, imbued with historical, cultural and geological significance.
Totemic sites across the landscape are protected and respected by the Aboriginal custodians associated with them, both individuals and groups, and stories are told of every mountain, creek and natural formation.
Great powers associated with totemic sites such as Tibrogargan are often considered to be just a superstitious curiosity by non-Aboriginal visitors. According to the Yidinji legend of the 'Boulders', a popular swimming hole near Babinda, a young married woman named Oolana became interested in another man named Dyga. Her husband Waroonoo was furious and the lovers fled into the valleys pursued by the Elders and law men. Captured, Oolana broke free and jumped into the still water and pleaded with Dyga to join her. When Dyga hit the water, the land shook in sorrow as she cried and the water turned into a rushing torrent swallowing her beneath the boulders. The spirit of Oolana remains in the 'Devils pool' and calls to young men. Tourists are advised to swim in the flowing water with caution - the Devil's Pool has reportedly taken fifteen lives since 1959, mostly young men behaving carelessly.
Some totemic sites document recent historical narratives in the rock art, layered over old traditional paintings. The 'Giant Horse Gallery' near Laura displays a curious addition of a large yellow horse that documents the sighting of Edmund Kennedy travelling through Kuku Thypan and Kuku Yalanji country in 1848. This juxtaposition of imagery in the landscape represents the spiritual connection to a totemic site for Aboriginal people and the exploration of the frontier by Europeans who were not yet aware of Aboriginal peoples' inherent relationship with the land.
Other totemic sites relate to territorial relationships between land and sea creatures, a common theme along the coastal landscape. Land animals such as the sand goanna, Maroon, fought off sea creatures to prevent them coming ashore. After sustaining serious injuries, Maroon died at the base of the Great Dividing Range and turned into rock, Mount Maroon in north Queensland. In southeast Queensland, it was Bingingerra, the turtle who limped back to the lagoons on the Albert River to lay down to die, turning into stone at Mount Biningerra (Mount Witheren) in the shape of a great turtle nest.
The use of traditional language words for locations mapped across the landscape often reveals curious and interesting histories. During the 1830s and early 1840s, the Surveyor-General of New South Wales, Sir Thomas Mitchell, directed early surveyors to record the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander place names in their field books. Some words refer to the totemic site – Kooralbyn (Guralnang) means brown snake for the Yugembah people of southeast Queensland – and some place names were actually taken from groups unrelated to that country, that were travelling with the European adventurers and surveyors. Many place names come from Aboriginal languages from New South Wales, but some from even further away. The name Yatala, for example, is believed to have been applied and taken from yathala, meaning 'speak' from an Adelaide group.
Another well know nut grown throughout Queensland's southern rainforest landscape is from the distinctive Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii). It was once only found in bonyi, the Blackall Ranges on Gubbi Gubbi country. The Bunya tree produces large cones which contain about 60 or more flavoursome and nutritious nuts, and was recorded by Andrew Petrie (1798-1872) while exploring for timber for the Government, who named it after the botanist, John Bidwill. Although it fruits annually, it produces an abundant crop every three years. This event attracted Aboriginal groups from throughout the southeastern Queensland region who travelled to the Bunya Mountains to meet and conduct cultural rites, trade, ceremonies and other business. Although the festivals have not taken place since 1902, the Bunya Mountains National Park (Queensland's second national park) remains a place of significance for Aboriginal people.
Native flora in the landscape also serves as signs and indicators for Aboriginal people. When the leaves of young ironwood trees (Erthrophleum chlorostachs) are red, it is time to fish for fat barramundi (normally around September), and the presence of flowers on a Batswing coral tree (Erythrina vespertilio) signifies the best time to eat mud crabs. Flowering Soap trees (Alphitonia excelsa) indicate the end of the wet season, and when the ripened fruits fall, the dry season is approaching and the waterholes will start to dry up.
One of the men saw an animal something less than a grey hound, it was of a Mouse Colour very slender made and swift of foot.
They heard the local people utter the word 'gangurru', and wrote 'kanguru', now spelt kangaroo.
Traditional knowledge of the landscape and the uses of its resources have evoked curiosity from many interested non-Indigenous people. Documentation of traditional Aboriginal resources by early explorers and settlers, together with recent developments in medicinal uses has contributed to homeopathic and culinary commercial ventures. There has been a trend in restaurants to serve game meats such as crocodile, kangaroo and emu fillets, often accompanied by edible fruits or seasoned with native leaves, desert tomatoes, or ground pepper berries or wattle seeds. More substantially, there has been a major interest in plant-based drugs developed by pharmaceutical companies using Australian flora. Such knowledge of medicinal attributes has been used by Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders for many generations. Many plants were used for domestic purposes such as the milky drinks extracted by straining the crushed Nonda plums (Parinari nonda) with water to wean babies. Others had more significant applications in treating injuries and ailments. A major discovery was the quantity of Hyoscine chemical found naturally in a common rainforest tree, soft corkwood (Duboisia myoporoides), which was to become commercially grown to supply the ophthalmic industry. This natural chemical proved to be useful in eye surgery as a sedative relaxing and dilating the pupil. The plant is also a close relative to pituri (Duboisia hopwoodii) found in the more arid landscape of western Queensland, once used as a valuable trade item for its narcotic properties.
Although the trading of plants and materials is no longer practiced, the knowledge of the landscape and its properties continues to be a major part of contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture. The curiosity of the landscape will continue to stimulate further research and investigation by non-Indigenous people seeking knowledge from the traditional owners.


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To further its goal of preparing students for life in the public sector, the College's Entrepreneurship Club, in coordination with sophomore class council and senators of Student Government, organized an event with a guest speaker on Thursday, Feb. 7 at 8:30 p.m. in the Business Building Lounge to highlight the importance of side hustles, or forms of income that supplement a full-time job.
The event, titled "How to Make 60-65k your first year out of college," promised that great things were inevitable for students who were willing to work for their success.
Pingitore discusses the art of the 'side hustle' (Miguel Gonzalez / Photo Editor).
TJ Pingitore, the guest speaker, is the founder of Upstart Garden, a community of entrepreneurs located in Red Bank, New Jersey. Upstart Garden helps individuals create successful companies by offering strategic consulting, targeted workshops, speaker panels and other events that help young startups.
Students were asked to share examples of side jobs they have been working on throughout college. They shared various experiences—everything from starting apps to creating YouTube channels. The event stressed the importance of constantly being on the lookout for new work opportunities.
Harrison Kelly, a senior business management major and president of the Entrepreneurship Club, spoke highly of Pingitore as a speaker and entrepreneur.
Dustin Marino, a freshman interactive multimedia major, valued Pingitore's insight on internships.


AT&T's Wireless Divisions Tap AbelsComm — Twice!
When the former AT&T Wireless became Cingular, AbelsComm was retained to provide media relations activities to introduce the Cingular brand and its new CEO to the media throughout the region. A few years later, AbelsComm was retained for a seven-month period to provide part-time communications and media relations leadership, including orchestrating a major press conference for a new customer care facility.
In the absence of a full-time staff member, Cingular utilized AbelsComm to maintain strong public/media relations activities in an industry engaged in constant change. While this support was only part-time, the results were comparable with (or exceeded) full-time staff members.


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It was the 44th consecutive year that the World Snooker Championship was held at the Crucible, and it was the final ranking event of the —20 snooker season. The event was one of the first to allow live audiences since the outbreak of the pandemic, but during the first day it was announced the event would be played behind closed doors for subsequent days, however, they were later allowed in for the final two days.
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Job Seekers, Welcome to CACRS Career Center
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Pediatric Hospitalist - Akron Campus
Akron Children's Hospital - Physician Recruitment
Cedarhurst, New York
Thornton, CO, USA
Registered Nurse- Plastic Surgery - Five Thousand Sign On Bonus
Katonah, New York
Post-Doctoral Fellow- Rehabilitation Medicine
Per Diem Clinical Faculty for Family Medicine Residency Program
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Registered Nurse - Infusion (Chemo experience a plus) - Five Thousand Dollar Sign-On Bonus
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Internal Medicine Medical Director
Per Diem Pediatric Hospitalist
Gastroenterology- Near DC and Baltimore- Flexible Schedule|JO-2204-7048
Per Diem Critical Care Physician - Pediatrics
Physician-Pediatric Nephrology
Registered Nurse - Internal Medicine
Physician: Pediatric Hospital Medicine - Major New York Teaching Hospital, Staten Island, NY
Cardiac Catheterization Technologist
Location: Akron, Ohio
Pediatric Hospitalist, Akron Children's Hospital - Akron, Ohio
Akron Children's Hospital is dedicated to building a diverse workforce - one that reflects our patient population and represents the communities we serve. Whether you're a fellow, a physician early in your career, or a seasoned physician with years of experience, Akron Children's Hospital has something different that's hard to explain. You feel it in the atmosphere as soon as you enter through the doors. You experience it every day with your colleagues, staff, patients and their families. Once you're here, you know you're home. The position offers ample opportunity for involvement in medical education, quality improvement and scholarly activities.
Akron Children's Hospital is&nbspexpanding our Pediatric Hospitalist program&nbspat the Akron campus.&nbspWe are&nbspseeking full-time, BE/BC Pediatric Hospitalists&nbspto&nbspprovide high quality&nbspmedical management&nbspof infants, children and teens who are hospitalized. Our team provides 24/7 Pediatric Hospitalist coverage to quickly respond to patient needs, modify treatment plans to prevent complications and reduce healthcare costs.&nbspClinical Activities include floor service with resident and fellow coverage, APN coverage, Consult Service, Sedation Service, and nocturnist coverage. Akron Children's has the largest pediatric hospitalist led sedation service in the U.S.
This position is a 501(c)(3) site which qualifies for Public Service Loan Forgiveness through the Federal government.
This opportunity offers:
* Attractive guaranteed base salary
* Starting Bonus paid upon receiving medical staff privileges
* Quality Bonus
* Comprehensive benefits package
* Occurrence based malpractice
* Relocation assistance
* Student loan repayment strategies with Fidicius Student Loan Financial Planning
Hospital Overview:
Ranked a Best Children's Hospital by US News & World Report, Akron Children's Hospital is the largest pediatric healthcare system in Northeast Ohio, providing more than 1 million patient encounters each year. We were named as one of Forbes Magazine's list of Best Employers for Diversity in 2020 and designated by Parent's Magazine as one of the 20 most innovative children's hospitals in the U.S.
It is centered around two free-standing pediatric hospitals, regional health centers, and 50+ primary care and subspecialty locations. Children aren't just a segment of our focus, they&nbspare&nbspour focus. The services at Akron Children's Hospital span the entire scope of medical services available today - from routine and preventative care to emerging technologies in surgery and patient care. We've been leading the way to healthier futures for children since 1890.
Akron Children's Hospital is the only freestanding pediatric hospital in Northeast Ohio and the 8th largest children's hospital in the country. We are a major teaching affiliate of Northeast Ohio Medical University. Active involvement in medical student and resident education academic appointment at Northeast Ohio Medical University is available and commensurate with experience. Akron Children's is dedicated to family-centered care and&nbspimproving the treatment of childhood illness and injury through research at the Rebecca D. Considine Clinical Research Institute.
The resources available to our physicians, the cutting-edge technology, the collaboration from all departments and the cohesive nature in which we work allow us to live our mission and truly treat every child as we would our own.
Community Overview:
Akron Children's Hospital is set in the beautiful Cuyahoga Valley, just minutes south of Cleveland. From major league attractions to small-town appeal, the greater Akron area has something for everyone. The area is rich in history and cultural diversity, and provides a stimulating blend of outstanding educational, cultural and recreational resources. This four-season community will have outdoor enthusiasts thrilled with over 40,000 acres of Metro Parks for&nbspyear- round&nbspenjoyment.
Runners, hikers, bikers and families who like to explore have plenty of options including the recreation of the Towpath Trail. The 110-mile towpath trail from Cleveland to below Canton offers places of tranquility, and hidden views of wildlife. Akron's proximity to interstate highways put us minutes from major airports and the rich cultural benefits of Cleveland, Columbus, and Pittsburgh. Northeast Ohio has become a premier destination to work, live, play, shop and dine.
Qualified candidates may contact Shawna Roach - sroach@akronchildrens.org or apply online at www.akronchildrens.org
Akron Children's Hospital is an Equal Opportunity Employer of Minorities, Females, Protected Veterans, and Individual with Disabilities.
EEO is the law, please click/copy paste the link below to learn more:
https://www.eeoc.gov/sites/default/files/migrated_files/employers/eeoc_self_print_poster.pdf
Connections working at Akron Children's Hospital - Physician Recruitment
https://careers.cacrs.com/jobs/18043312/pediatric-hospitalist-akron-campus
© Copyright 2023 Canadian Association of Clinical Research Specialists.


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Q: How can I animate one single item (entry) after the List is already updated and drawn? I have this main ListView (retrieved using this.getListView()) in a ListActivity properly populated from a SQLite database. A click on one of its items (entries) calls another activity A2 using startActivityForResult(). I would like to animate that SINGLE entry WHEN the user gets back to the ListActivity. (So I suppose I need to override the onActivityResult() method)
How can I animate a single entry once the window gained focus and after the list is updated using notifyDataSetChanged()?
I managed to animate the whole ListView using
getListView().setAnimation(anim)

and worked fine. However, when I do:
getListView().getChildAt(position).setAnimation(anim)

nothing happens.
EDIT: Here's my onActivityResult code
protected void onActivityResult(final int requestCode, final int resultCode, final Intent intent) {

    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);

    if(resultCode==RESULT_OK && requestCode==SOME_REQUEST_CODE){

        Animation anim = new AlphaAnimation(1.0f,0.0f);
        anim.setFillAfter(true);
        anim.setDuration(400);
        anim.setRepeatMode(Animation.REVERSE);
        anim.setRepeatCount(7);
        // Just for testing, I chose the first item of the ListView (position=0)
        tr_adapter.getView(0, getListView().getChildAt(0), getListView()).setAnimation(anim);

        tr_adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); //Nothing happens

    }

}

A: Set a flag in your table and call notifyDataSetChanged() on your list adapter. Have getView() in your list adapter determine what to do (animate or not) based on the flag in your table. I'd post some sample code but I'm mobile.
EDIT

In your onActivityResult(), flag (with some value, boolean, 1/0, etc) the data point in your data set that you'd like to animate. Then call notifyDataSetChanged() on the adapter. Assuming you have a custom list adapter, have your getView() function flip the animation on or off (or default to off and flip it on given the flag).
public View getView (int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){

    // All the standard getView() stuff

    if (listitem.shouldAnimate())
        // animate
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Hello! We are Olivia & Dan.
A destination wedding photography duo based in London.
Olivia is half Italian, speaks Italian, and can cook a mean pasta sauce, but she's a born and raised Londoner. A rare breed these days. Her favourite thing to do is probably head down to the Curzon and catch an art house film.
Dan is a classically trained guitarist, and has been in a band or two. He's lived in New Zealand, and used to have dreads down to his waist. His hippie days are over, but his spiritual home would definitely be a beach, even though he hates sea food.
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"we believe the most magical thing about photography is its ability to capture and tell a story, so you can really feel what you're looking at. It's this philosophy that inspires our authentic, story-telling approach"
Having both separately practiced photography for many years, it was our love for it that brought us together for the first time in 2014. We've always had a strong fascination with people, the connection between them and their stories, and wedding photography became a way for us to express that. Fast forward to today and we are married and working together photographing weddings, elopements and couples all around the UK and abroad.
We believe the most magical thing about photography is its ability to capture and tell a story, so you can really feel what you're looking at. It's this philosophy that inspires our authentic, story-telling approach.
We are driven by raw emotions, honest moments, and the kind of all-consuming love that keeps you awake at night. Maybe we've watched too many films! We get excited about the sentimental things that make your day meaningful to you. Ultimately we want to get to know you as much as possible so we can capture your true connection as a couple, and the unique spirit of your story.
Take a look around, and if you feel like you resonate with us and the work we create, then we'd love to hear from you! Contact us and we'll have a friendly chat to get things started.
Publications and Recognition
Latest from the journal
Alternative Wedding Photographer // Steph & Mike READ MORE Warehouse Wedding // Louise & Matt READ MORE Engagement Shoot // Sophie & Tim READ MORE Intimate London Wedding // Lara & Josh READ MORE
A Destination Wedding Photographer Duo.
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Chrissy Teigen Made Her First Public Appearance Since Her Pregnancy Loss At A Rally In Support Of Biden/Harris Ahead Of The Election
by No author. November 24, 2020, 10:00 pm 1000 Views
John Legend Gave A Speech At A Rally In Support Of Biden Where He Denounced Trump And The Rappers Who Have Recently Supported Him
At the rally, John Legend performed before delivering a speech denouncing Trump and the rappers who have spoken out in support of him over recent years.
BuzzFeed News has journalists around the US bringing you trustworthy stories on the 2020 Elections. To help keep this news free, become a member.
Chrissy Teigen has made her first public appearance since the loss of her son, Jack, in late September.
Jean-baptiste Lacroix / Getty Images
"We are shocked and in the kind of deep pain you only hear about, the kind of pain we've never felt before," Chrissy wrote alongside a series of photos of herself with husband John Legend and their son in hospital.
"We were never able to stop the bleeding and give our baby the fluids he needed, despite bags and bags of blood transfusions," she went on. "It just wasn't enough."
"We never decide on our babies' names until the last possible moment after they're born, just before we leave the hospital," she continued. "But we, for some reason, had started to call this little guy in my belly Jack. So he will always be Jack to us. Jack worked so hard to be a part of our little family, and he will be, forever."
Chrissy then took a break from social media, but returned last week with a personal essay in which she opened up further about her grief.
"My mom, John and I each held him and said our own private goodbyes, mom sobbing through Thai prayer," she wrote. "I asked the nurses to show me his hands and feet and I kissed them over and over and over again. I have no idea when I stopped. It could have been 10 minutes or an hour."
But now the model has made her first public appearance since the loss, stepping out at a rally in Pennsylvania in support of Joe Biden on Monday night, ahead of the US presidential election today.
Mark Makela / Getty Images
Chrissy and John attended the rally with their children, Luna, 4, and Miles, 2.
And John not only performed but also delivered an impassioned speech denouncing Donald Trump and the rappers — including Kanye West, Lil Wayne, Lil Pump and 50 Cent — who have expressed support for him in recent years.
"In this election, your vote will decide whether we're a country that allows this pandemic to continue indefinitely or one with a plan to end it," he said. "Some people see the meanness, the bullying, the selfishness of Donald Trump and they mistake it for strength — a kind of twisted masculinity."
"Some people see his greed and they mistake it for being good at business," he went on. "Some of your former, favourite rappers have been taken in by these lies. I think they've even founded a new super group. It's called 'the Sunken Place.'"
The Washington Post / The Washington Post via Getty Im
"But Trump's Platinum Plan for Black folks is nothing but fool's gold," he concluded. "Because you can't bank on a word he says."
Chrissy could be seen looking on proudly as John gave his speech before taking to the stage to hug and kiss him.
The appearance comes just days after Chrissy and John revealed that they'd both got tattoos in tribute to Jack, inking his name on their wrists above their matching tattoos dedicated to the rest of their family.
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Source: Chrissy Teigen Made Her First Public Appearance Since Her Pregnancy Loss At A Rally In Support Of Biden/Harris Ahead Of The Election
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Summary: We look in on Sam several years after Sam leaves the SGC having made a new start and created a new life for her and her child.
Summary: Looking further into the events that took place in "There But For the Grace of God"
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text:
Posted on 02 April, 2017 in Media Release, Survey, Resourcing, Gonski, School Funding
Public schools depend on fundraising and teacher contributions for basics
Australia's public schools are increasingly reliant on fundraising for everything from literacy and numeracy teachers to library books and computers, and teachers are dipping into their own pockets to provide students with the basics, an AEU survey of educators has found.
The AEU's State of Our Schools survey for 2017 has found that 83% of schools use fundraising to add to their budgets, and that 90% of principals who fundraise describe it as 'important' or 'very important'. It also found that half of all public school teachers spend more than $500 of their own money each year on classroom basics.
"This survey is more evidence that our public schools, which educate the majority of students, are relying on the efforts of parents and teachers due to a lack of needs-based funding," Ms Haythorpe said.
"Reliance on fundraising and teacher contributions for essentials shows our public schools are not getting the support they need.
"Teachers and principals should be spending all their time on the education of their students, not working out how many barbeques they need to organise and run to pay for a literacy and numeracy program.
"Teachers are aware of the shortages of resources in their schools, and it is a major concern they feel that they need to pay for basic resources which should be available to all students as a matter of course."
65% of teachers said their school was under-resourced, while only 5% said it was well-resourced
The survey showed that fundraising was being used for school essentials: with 50% of schools using it for computer hardware or software, 45% for sports equipment, 43% for library resources or textbooks and 26% of schools for basic maintenance on school infrastructure.
Teachers were most likely to spend their own money on stationery (78%), classroom supplies (75%) and library resources (43%).
"Gonski funding is beginning to make a difference, and we are seeing schools doing fantastic things with the extra resources they have received so far, but about two-thirds of the extra funding schools need is due to be delivered in 2018 and 2019," Ms Haythorpe said.
"We need this funding to close the gaps between schools, so that students at every school can get the support they need, when they need it.
"Schools still don't know how they will be funded after this year, because Malcolm Turnbull will not release any details of his proposed funding model.
"All we know is that he is denying schools $3.8 billion in extra resources contained in the Gonski agreements."
Key findings of the survey, which was completed by 1428 principals and 7513 teachers, include:
83% of schools engage in fundraising, and 90% of those say it is 'important' or 'very important' for their annual budgets.
65% of teachers said their school was under-resourced, while only 5% said it was well-resourced.
95% of teachers spend their own money on school supplies, with 50% spending more than $500 each year and 10% spending over $2000.
More than half of full-time teachers work over 50 hours per week on school-related activities, while 29% work over 55 hours per week.
75 per cent of teachers believe their workload is increasing.
"Lack of resources in schools has a major effect on students and, when combined with increasing workloads, it is a key factor in teachers leaving the profession," Ms Haythorpe said.
Media Contact: Ben Ruse 0437 971 291


A majority of Stephen Harper's audience will have benefited from one or more of the tax breaks, income increases and targeted provisions that proliferate in the pages of Budget 2011.
In spite of the Conservatives' seemingly credible efforts in the direction of addressing several key NDP demands, Jack Layton turned thumbs down on Finance Minister Jim Flaherty's March 22 budget and ushered in the ongoing federal election. The consensus in the budget lockup, at least as I interpreted it, was that the specific olive branches devoted to NDP priorities (the revival of the popular ecoENERGY Retrofit — Homes program, the increase in the guaranteed income supplement, the Canada Student Loan forgiveness provisions for freshly minted doctors and nurses locating in isolated communities, among other provisions) would make it difficult for Layton to pull the electoral plug. However, in making what must pass for one of the most thorough condemnations of any budget, Layton ensured that Canadians were off to the polls.
The irony here is that Budget 2011 is arguably an excellent political and economic blueprint for the Conservatives to take into an election campaign. This is most obvious on the fiscal and economic front: Canada has emerged from the Great Recession as the premier performer among the G7 in a series of key indicators — employment growth, GDP/income recovery, regaining budget balance — and Canada also has the lowest net-debt-to-GDP ratio. Plaudits all around to our macro managers!
November 2008 economic statement that, thanks to the Governor General, led to the prorogation of Parliament; the post-prorogation January 2009 budget called Canada's Economic Action Plan; the March 2010 budget that finalized the second year of the two-year stimulus plan and iv) the March 22 budget titled The Next Phase of Canada's Economic Action Plan: A Low-Tax Plan for Jobs and Growth.
The 2008 economic statement completely ignored the gathering economic storm and projected instead budget surpluses for the indefinite future. Contributing to the mounting concern about the budget's complete misreading of the economic and fiscal reality was the major political gaffe of proposing to strip political parties of federal government election financing. Thanks to the GG's mulligan, and after an unprecedented round of consultations (including with a blue-ribbon panel headed by Carole Taylor), not only did the January 2009 budget provide a comprehensive stimulus package but, in addition, Prime Minister Harper donned the mantle of G7 cheerleader for the need for a coordinated international approach to stimulus. A remarkable personal transformation! The reservation that John Allan and I raised at the time (Policy Options, March 2009) was that the budget was insufficiently transformative to meet the challenges of the emerging informatics era: namely, it put too much emphasis on boards and mortar and not enough on mortarboards.
This caveat aside, the one concern in the 2009 budget lockup was whether the budget projections for returning to budget balance by 201314 (i.e., a surplus of $0.7 billion) were credible. The projections from the 2010 budget lend some credence to this concern since budget balance is not even achieved by the end of the five-year planning horizon. To be fair, much of this was probably due to the worsening economic climate not fully anticipated in January of 2009. What is clear from a comparison of 2010 and 2011 is that more credibility is now attached to the scenario that Canada will soon regain budget balance. Indeed, it is as if Flaherty anticipated the views of CEOs in a ROB/BNN survey conducted by Gandalf Group that the economic recovery is strong enough that reinforcing the recovery rather than immediately paying down the deficit was the preferred approach. In other words, Flaherty's focus was on staying the course and not taking extraordinary measures to hasten the return to fiscal balance, which has led the more conservative think tanks to take him to task for not moving more forcefully toward budget balance. In the event, Flaherty's decision in the context of a growing economy left ample fiscal room to craft a budget that probably would have broad appeal on the hustings, should the need arise.
There is something for everyone so that no matter where in Canada Stephen Harper appears and no matter who the group or organization happens to be, the reality is that easily a majority of his audience will have benefited from one or more of the tax breaks, income increases and targeted provisions that proliferate in the pages of Budget 2011.
Prior to providing a more detailed overview of the budget, it is important to note that several knowledgeable observers do not share the view that the 2011 projections are credible. For example, the Parliamentary Budget Officer has concerns with the expenditure profiles of prisons and planes and two former senior Finance officials blogging at www.3dpolicy.ca suggest that restoring effective budget balance by 2014-15 is not achievable without much more in the way of expenditure cuts or tax increases or both. Even were the Conservatives to retain power, it is unlikely that they would reproduce the thrust of Budget 2011, so the credibility of the projections will never be completely resolved.
Organizationally, Budget 2011 develops policies in four major areas: supporting job creation; supporting families and communities; investing in innovation, education and training; and, of course, preserving Canada's fiscal advantage. Beyond the usual comprehensive budget document, a budget in brief and the Finance Minister's Commons speech, most budgets come with a set of glossy handouts suitable, for example, for distribution at political rallies. The four glossies accompanying Budget 2011, replete with myriad budget goodies, focus on seniors, on families and communities, on children and on caregivers. It did not take budget analysts long to note that these areas are likely to appeal to women, a group the Conservatives need to persuade if they hope to achieve a majority.
However, the electoral genius of Budget 2011 lies elsewhere. By publicly positioning the government as not wanting an election and by acting on this positioning by crafting a document with the announced intention of attracting NDP support, the Harper Conservatives were able to table a budget that catered to a much wider than their electoral base would have otherwise tolerated.
The four glossies accompanying Budget 2011, replete with myriad budget goodies, focus on seniors, on families and communities, on children and on caregivers. It did not take budget analysts long to note that these areas are likely to appeal to women, a group the Conservatives need to persuade if they hope to achieve a majority.
All in all, quite a masterful achievement. The Conservatives may not have wanted an election, but, as noted, Budget 2011 was craftily designed to be an election budget if events so dictated, as they obviously have. In the immediate post-budget time frame the key decision of the opposition parties was whether to precipitate an election by voting against the budget or whether to go to the polls on the basis of voting non-confidence in the government on the various issues relating to electoral ethics, abuse of power, contempt of Parliament, etc. It seems the opposition preferred the latter, although the Conservatives wanted to have the ballot-triggering question focus on the budget. It is important to note that the choice need not have rested with the opposition: since the opposition had committed itself to defeating the budget, the Prime Minister could have used this knowledge to make the trip to Rideau Hall to seek dissolution. While waiting for the vote, the Conservatives were everywhere extolling the virtues of the budget that the opposition parties were denying to Canadians, so the precise issue on which the government fell might not be determining.
There is another vantage point for assessing the budget, one that would serve to qualify somewhat the above positive characterization: Budget 2011 is a federal document, but it ought to have been a national document. The budget is fully consistent with the Conservatives' principle of "open federalism" in that its focus is effectively only on section 91 or federal constitutional powers. As a decentralist I have a lot of time for an open-federalism perspective when it comes to respecting areas of provincial jurisdiction and I recognize the need for measures to constrain the exercise of the federal spending and regulatory power in areas of exclusive provincial jurisdiction.
This said, however, I also believe that open federalism cannot be the only operational principle in our federation. In this progressively informatics-based era, knowledge and human capital are central to increasing our future well-being, and our global city-regions have become the new dynamic economic engines and export platforms that spearhead the integration of the regions and provinces into NAFTA economic space and beyond. In other words, the new reality is that to an increasing degree issues that are in the national interest tend to fall within provincial jurisdiction. This implies that a budget document that focuses solely on concerns that lie in Ottawa's jurisdiction cannot provide a comprehensive picture of our collective economic, fiscal and social futures.
It was clear that Prime Minister Paul Martin embraced the very antithesis of open federalism. For example, three of the four priorities in his post-election 2004 Throne Speech lay within provincial jurisdiction — cities, child care and health care — with the fourth (Aboriginal development) falling under federal jurisdiction. Admittedly, Martin's blunderbuss approach to exercising the federal spending power via federal-provincial bilaterals, which the Economist referred to as "Mr. Dithers and his fiscal cafeteria," went way too far and way too fast. Stephen Harper went to the other extreme by undoing Martin's spending and regulatory power initiatives and by adopting the principle of open federalism. Harper also vetoed Martin's Kelowna Accord, although it was in Ottawa's jurisdiction.
We need to create some middle ground where the budget can provide information and, on appropriate occasions, bring analysis to bear on a range of issues within provincial jurisdiction that, if left unattended, can have a deleterious impact on Canada's overall fiscal, economic and social well-being and, indeed, on the federal budget itself. The counter to this from an open federalism perspective would presumably be that the provinces should follow Ottawa's example and put their own fiscal houses in order and all will be well. To be sure, some provinces have done this or are in the process of doing so. With respect, however, the issues are more complex than this, although they are also and obviously politically delicate. Nonetheless, the reality that Ottawa will spend $58 billion on federal-provincial transfers should merit much more than a paragraph or two in the budget, let alone be essentially ignored. A few examples will illustrate this concern.
While a celebration of the federal government's evolution toward a return to balancing the budget is certainly appropriate and expected, one might have also expected that Ottawa would point out that the fiscal position at the provincial level is considerably less rosy. For example, Ontario's current budget in per capita terms and as a percent of its GDP is considerably larger than the current federal deficit. Indeed, Ontario's fiscal position is also worse than that of California. And Quebec is in worse shape than is Ontario. And in the next fiscal year the aggregate provincial deficits will exceed the federal deficit. Whether appropriate or not, soon the provincial rallying cry will again be the need to correct the federal-provincial fiscal imbalance. Why does Budget 2011 not have a section that profiles the provinces' fiscal positions, even if only for information purposes, so as to provide a more comprehensive picture of the role of governments in the Canadian economy.
Such information used to be included in the annual budgets.
It is easy to label Ontario as spendthrift and, therefore, to say its voters and taxpayers deserve to a wallow their own fiscal mistakes. But again, the issues here are more complex. While the Equalization formula equalizes revenues, it does not equalize the ability to provide comparable public goods and services (as the Constitution stipulates) because it ignores the cost of providing comparable services in the various provinces. The results suggest that the other Equalization-receiving provinces can provide something like 20 percent more public services than can Ontario, with larger percentages still for the disadvantages faced by British Columbia. This suggests that something is awry with the way we approach Equalization, something that makes it difficult to provide comparable services at comparable tax rates. Surely this is an issue that will eventually end up at Finance Canada's door. Yet there is a more important interprovincial equity issue at play here. Some energy or resource-rich provinces have overall revenues, after Equalization, that are several thousand dollars per capita above those of other provinces. If resource prices rise, as many predict, these per capita differentials will rise even further and we will begin experiencing a degree of inequality in public services or in comparable tax rates across provinces that, among other things, will run counter to our values and will inevitably increase pressures on the federal budget. It seems to me that our primary fiscal document ought to bring this to the attention of Canadians.
Admittedly these issues will be part and parcel of the upcoming renegotiations of the fiscal arrangements to be implemented in 2014-15. But 2014-15 is nearly upon us. A successful conclusion to this renewal ought to be near and dear to Ottawa's fiscal heart since, as noted, its transfers to the provinces (essentially the Canada Health Transfer [CHT], the Canada Social Transfer and Equalization) for fiscal year 2011-12 will total over $58 billion. In olden days committees would have already been struck to hold hearings on the principles and substance of the renegotiations. In my view the 2011 federal budget fell way short here, but hopefully, Finance and Ottawa more generally can still create this debate with Canadians and not leave it to lastminute behind-closed-doors negotiations with the provinces, although some of this will be necessary even with a constructive open dialogue.
The fiscal as well as the societal stakes are extremely high here. It matters a great deal to social and fiscal Canada if the Canada Health Act is converted to a further transfer of personal income tax points to the provinces, which would move the federation in the open-federalism or watertight-compartments direction on the one hand; or whether, say, the CHT monies are put toward a federal pharmacare program that the provinces, via the Council of the Federation, recommended in July 2004 on the other. Similarly, the social services component of the Canada Social Transfer could remain as is, could be converted into a further tax-point transfer, could be rolled into an addition to the Canada Child Tax Benefit, or could even be converted into a refundable tax credit for adults as a move in the direction of a guaranteed annual income for Canadians, since we already have refundable benefits for children and seniors. Open federalism may be viewed by some as a principle, but so should a federalism that is open and transparent.
The upcoming reworking of the fiscal arrangements represents one of those potential societal turning points that can enhance our ability to accommodate the relentless and ongoing dramatic march of events, domestically and internationally. I readily agree that some of these concerns are better handled by green and white papers accompanied by opportunities for public discussion. But there is also room for the budget to have embraced and articulated, perhaps in a budget supplement, the current state of play in the federal-provincial fiscal arena, some of the underlying principles appropriate to bring to the reworking of the arrangements, and some of the challenges and choices that could be on the negotiating table. Were this to have taken place in Budget 2011, the ongoing public discourse would be dramatically different.
My final two examples have nothing to do with the fiscal arrangements, but have much to do with our fiscal and economic future. The first refers to the Dutch disease, so named because the Netherlands' exports of North Sea oil so appreciated the country's exchange rate that the high value of the currency clobbered the manufacturing sector. With energy and resource prices currently rising, the stage is now set for a further runup in our exchange rate as the resource provinces' exports rise and they take the resulting revenues into their respective current operating budgets. The result of an appreciating loonie puts pressure on the Canadian manufacturing industry everywhere in the country. Might it not be a good idea if Ottawa provided incentives (hopefully positive but perhaps negative as well) for resource provinces to create their equivalent of "sovereign wealth funds" and to invest the export proceeds in international capital markets, which would then serve to moderate the exchange rate appreciation that would otherwise have occurred? This is the policy that Norway has adopted to deal with the Dutch disease. Albertans must be wishing that they had done this from Leduc onward, since they would now have one of the largest pools of capital apart from the few pre-eminent funds. But the lesson may be better late than never.
There would be additional benefits for the resource provinces. In the last energy price cycle, exchange rate appreciation moved roughly in step with the international energy price (in US dollars). This meant that rising energy prices did not lead to rising Canadian-dollar returns to the energy provinces. However, the moderation of the appreciation in the presence of provincial wealth funds invested internationally would result in rising Canadian-dollar returns from rising international energy and resource prices. Ottawa would also gain because the Canadian manufacturing sector would be more viable and because resource revenues and royalties invested in the wealth funds would not enter the Equalization formula until they are drawn into the provinces' consolidated revenues.
The second example relates to carbon pricing and carbon taxes. Under a full-blown carbon pricing regime the resulting revenues will be huge, perhaps not far off the level of resource revenues themselves. So the fiscal stakes are obviously huge. But whose revenues are they? Peter Lougheed has alerted us that a fight over these revenues has the potential for a rerun of the divisive National Energy Program. Hence, it is perhaps not surprising that the 2011 budget is silent on this issue. But in the meantime the internal economic union as it relates to carbon pricing is being progressively balkanized, perhaps beyond easy repair. If Finance can use a series of federal budgets to create a case for taking over the provincially run securities industry on efficiency and Canadian economic grounds, then surely the term "carbon taxes" should have the right to make an appearance in a federal budget!
In the final analysis these issues may well be better suited for green papers, white papers, House and Senate hearings and the like. Nonetheless, given that the budget is Canada's premier fiscal document it seems obvious and appropriate that it also bring national fiscal issues to the attention of Canadians. As it happened, Budget 2011 was long on breadth but short on depth, the result of which was that media lockup participants had completed their required reading and comprehension of the budget by 11:30 or, at the outside, by noon. For the remaining four hours, the several dozen Finance officers who stood ready to answer any and all questions found themselves devoid of customers. Were the budget to have embraced aspects of the national dimension of Canada's fiscal challenges, not only would the Finance officials have been over-burdened with questions but Canada's media elites would have spent several hours discussing and debating alternative fiscal futures for our nation. This may have been the start of something grand, to steal another quip. Much would have been gained if Finance Minister Flaherty had delivered a national budget to accompany his accomplished federal budget.