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Home / Autos / Cars / DOE Euro 4 Eco Run / Honda / Honda City / Honda Civic / Honda Jazz
Honda achieved remarkable fuel efficiency in the first DOE Euro 4 Eco Run
Posted by Adrian Patrick Gemora July 08, 2016
Honda Cars Philippines, Inc. (HCPI) proudly announces that its automobiles achieved remarkable fuel efficiency during the Department of Energy's (DOE) first Euro 4 economy run. The said event was conducted to come up with a benchmark to standardize the measurement of fuel economy under the Philippine Energy Standards and Labeling Program (PESLP), a mandatory DOE program requiring manufacturers, importers, and suppliers to comply with the prescribed energy labeling requirements and minimum energy performance standards.
HCPI, together with other automotive brands, joined this fuel economy run and participated their eight (8) recently introduced products namely the New City, All-New Civic, New Mobilio, New HR-V, Jazz, CR-V, Brio, and Brio Amaze. The participating brands' vehicles traversed the 280-kilometer roads from Petron Clark station in Angeles City Pampanga to SCTEX (Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway), TPLEX (Tarlac-Pangasinan-La Union-Expressway) and back, with the convoy led by DOE representatives. Before the activity started, all vehicles were lined up and filled to the brim with gasoline and sealed to ensure that none of the participants will be able to load gasoline during the course. The fuel used during the event was sponsored by Petron Corporation, its official gasoline partner. Each vehicle consisted of a driver and a navigator from the participating brand, and a representative from the media that served as an observer to ensure that the guidelines set were being followed. Other rules such as a maximum speed of 80km/L, full blast air conditioner setting and allowable three-second rule or equivalent to five (5) car distance were also strictly implemented.
As a result, the Jazz 1.5 VX CVT variant which gathered 28.60km/L has the highest efficiency rating among the Honda entries, and is considered best in class among the subcompact hatchbacks.
The All-New Civic 1.5 RS Turbo launched in April 2016 records an impressive 27.56km/L. This Civic's top-of-the-line variant is treated with RS design sport elements and a DOHC VTEC Turbo Engine under its hood that delivers a maximum torque of 22.0 kg-m at 1,700-5,500 rpm, and a maximum power output of 173 PS at 5,500 rpm. Having an engine equipped with Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) developed under Earth Dreams Technology, the All-New Civic boasts a powerful driving performance and fuel efficiency.
Honda's best selling model, the New City 1.5 E CVT got 26.02km/L. In an internal fuel economy run conducted in August 2015, the City also recorded the same level of fuel efficiency from combined city and highway driving from Metro Manila to Pangasinan. This proves the City's consistent and realistic fuel efficiency in different road and traffic conditions.
Furthermore, equally important in Honda's model line-up, the New Mobilio 1.5 V CVT achieved a figure of 24.69km/L, considered the best in the compact MPV gasoline category; and the New HR-V 1.8 E CVT with 24.82km/L, the best in crossover SUV category. On the other hand, the CR-V 2.0 S AT with 20.59km/L, Brio 1.3 S 5AT with 24.78km/L, and the Brio Amaze with 23.77km/L also achieved good fuel efficiency results.
As early as 2004, HCPI started introducing EURO 4 ready products in the Philippines. By September 2015, HCPI was first among automotive brands to obtain EURO 4 certification from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) for its locally manufactured and imported vehicles. As stated by HCPI President and General Manager, Toshio Kuwahara, "It has always been one of HCPI's thrusts to leave blue skies for our children, which is why Honda products are produced with the most consideration on the environment and its users. Moreover, in the midst of the increasing fuel costs, Honda believes that the new technologies and advancements in its engines promotes fuel efficiency and help its consumers save on resources for other essential commodities".


What is a determiner? Determiners are a class of words which include: articles, possessive adjectives (my, his, her, its, our, your, their), demonstratives (this/that, these/those) and quantifiers.
The essence of determiners is that they tell us if a noun-phrase is specific or general. Therefore they must come before a noun.
As we looked at articles last week in this post, we will not go over them again here.
Possessive adjectives show what belongs to, or is related to something else.
my, his, its, our, your, their etc.
The man jumped out of his skin when a spider presented its fangs.
It seems that that doesn't necessarily indicate Far. What is that on your face!
From the name, it should be easy to guess what these do.
They come before a noun and tell us about the number, or quantity of the noun in question.
No, none, either, neither, any, both, few, little, etc.
How many new followers will I gain due to this post? Any? None?
The above is an example as to why the English language is so complicated. I am a native English speaker and do not understand anywhere near all of it. It seems as if there is a lot of overlap in these categories.
For example that could be a pronoun, demonstrative, adverb and a conjunction. The key would be where it appears in the sentence and what it precedes as to what category of speech it would fall under.
I was afraid my brain would hurt. It didn't. Quite good stuff.


Movie poster for Juraj Jakubisko's comedy with exceptional illustration by Slovak fine artist Milan Veselý.
Milan Veselý's beautiful movie poster artwork for Juraj Jakubisko.
Poster is unfolded. Movie poster is in A3 format (41.3 x 29.4 cm). Excellent condition (NOT PHOTOGRAPHED, PLEASE ASK IF YOU WISH TO SEE A PHOTO).
80s posters available in our poster archive.
Be the first to review "Movie Poster – Infidelity Slovak Style, Milan Veselý, 1981" Click here to cancel reply.


HIIT VS. LISS – which should you do?
There are plenty of great reasons to do cardio, including weight loss, reduced stress, increased energy, better sleep and reduced risk for certain diseases. However, there as been some debate as to which form of cardio is the best to do.
Low intensity steady state cardio (LISS), like walking for example, allows you to burn calories at a moderately comfortable pace. This form of cardio doesn't require too much effort and is also great for stress management.
High intensity interval training (HIIT) involves alternating between low to moderate intensity intervals and high intensity intervals. An example would be walking for 1 minute, then sprinting for 1 min, and repeating. This is a more efficient way to burn calories as 15min of HIIT cardio will burn roughly the same amount of calories as 45min of LISS. And since HIIT is typically done for a much shorter duration, you'll be saving time at the gym. Furthermore, studies show a greater "after burn" from HIIT cardio in comparison to LISS, meaning you'll be burning more calories throughout the day after your workout.
There are, however, some downsides to HIIT: due to the intensity, HIIT can be very taxing on the body, can be difficult for beginners and can be tough to do if your muscles are sore from weight training.
So which is better? In short – there are benefits to both LISS and HIIT cardio! Always listen to your body and do whichever form of cardio you enjoy most, so you will actually do it!
Want to be NOURISHED FOR LIFE?
I'm a HUGE fan of barre-based workouts. Not only do I love taking them, but they are also one of my favorite classes to teach (I'm a certified group fitness instructor in case you didn't know ☺). Today, I'll be giving my review of Pure Barre, a barre-based fitness class.
Pure Barre classes focus on muscular endurance, using body weight along with some resistance equipment (light weights and resistance bands). It is a total body workout that concentrates on constant muscle engagement through small contracted movements, working until muscle fatigue.
~The music. I'm obsessed with the playlists, which consist of high-energy electronic dance music (my jam).
~The flow of the class. You'll start off with a quick warm up, move onto upper body, lower body, core work and finish with a nice stretch. There are also small stretch breaks in between. This format doesn't change, so you'll always know what to expect.
~It never gets easy. While the format of the class remains the same, the actual workout routine changes frequently, so your body is constantly being challenged.
~Mind-body connection. Throughout the class you are directed to really focus on the muscle you are working. As a fitness instructor, I know how important the mind-muscle connection is for results, so I appreciate that this is emphasized in the class.
~The instructions can be very difficult to follow, especially if you're new to the class. To maintain the quick pace of the class, most instructions are given verbally, and depending on where you in the room, it can be tough to see the instructor when they are demonstrating the moves. Ideally, the instructor will come over and correct each person's form, however this is tough to do during a packed class. Just like anything else, the more you take the class, the more you will get the hang of it. Also, most studios offer a free "Breaking Down the Barre" instructional class that can be very helpful.
~Not enough upper body work and cardio. While the classes are a total body workout, the focus is definitely on lower body.
Pure Barre recently released Pure Barre Platform, "a new fast-paced class designed to optimize cardiovascular results and increase total body strength. This heart-pumping class combines quick bursts of high intensity, yet low impact cardio work with periods of lower intensity muscle-sculpting movements. These 55 minutes of high energy, fun and intense interval training at the barre will help you burn calories, jump-start your metabolism, and increase your overall endurance. It is the perfect cardio complement to your Pure Barre class to help you achieve even greater results, while still holding onto the traditional pieces and parts of a Pure Barre class that we all know and love." Read more directly from their website here.
I saw snippets of the platform "jumps" on social media and was excited to try it out! I took my first Pure Barre Platform class last week and I walked in expecting a traditional Pure Barre class with some cardio mixed it. My initial thoughts: It's very different than the traditional Pure Barre class.
The movements are BIGGER, and more exaggerated. Almost everything you are taught in their traditional class is thrown out the window. There are no "tiny, little movements" and there are no "tucks." The class is less strict about form and is more focused on fast-paced, large movements.
Pure Barre traditional class: 9/10.
Pure Barre Platform class: 6/10.
Keep in mind that these are my thoughts of Pure Barre Platform after having only taken it once. If I continue to take the platform class, my option could change, however I plan to stick to the traditional Pure Barre classes and get my cardio in on my own time.
Have you taken Pure Barre or Pure Barre Platform? Let me know your thoughts!
Winter has officially arrived! We got tons of snow in New York and I've been using it as an excuse to enjoy some time at home in my pajamas 🙂 I typically workout at a gym due to the variety of machines and equipment available, but when I'm short on time (or snowed in), I can easily get a good workout in with minimal equipment. In fact, all I have is at home is a yoga mat and a set of 12 pound dumbbells. You do not need a gym and ton of equipment for a great workout! Here is the circuit I did this morning, and boy was it a sweaty one!
What is your favorite workout to do at home?
Hope everyone stays safe and warm!
As a health & nutrition coach, I'm aware of the benefits of a plant-based diet and focus on consuming foods and supplements that are as natural as possible. As a fitness instructor, I'm aware of the need for proper supplementation for muscle repair, recovery and muscle growth. Therefore, I am always on the lookout for products that meet both of these needs.
–protein source – is the protein powder whey-based or plant-based? For those who have a hard time digesting diary or choose to follow a vegan diet, plant-based would be the best choice. Plant proteins can come from a variety of sources, such as brown rice, hemp, pea protein, or a combination of these.
–clean ingredients – many protein powders have added sugars and artificial sweeteners. I personally avoid artificial sweeteners where I can. Hate to be the bearer of bad news, but if your protein powder is "birthday cake" flavored, chances are there are some fake sugars in the mix.
–nutritional stats – as a post-workout supplement, I look for a protein powder with around 15-25g per serving. If you are consuming your protein shake post-workout, then you will want to add some carbohydrates (ie: fruit). If you're consuming your protein shake as a meal replacement, you'll want to add some healthy fats in addition to that, such as chia seeds, nut butter or avocado.
–taste – I typically make my protein powders into smoothie, but if I'm in a rush, I'll throw it into a blender bottle with some cold water or unsweetened almond milk. It's important that the powder tastes yummy both ways and also mixes well.
I recently tried Everlast's Vegan Protein and absolutely loved it!
Everlast VP is a plant-based powder, which can be easier to digest over whey protein. It has a complete BCAA profile using a blend of pea, rice and hemp proteins to promote lean muscle growth and recovery. It's free of dairy, soy, gluten, sugar and is non-GMO!
The nutritional stats are great. Each scoop has 22g of protein and 110 calories.
Lastly, it tastes great! It is naturally sweetened with stevia and has a great, creamy vanilla flavor.
I've had it alone with just some almond milk as well as in a fruit smoothie and both ways were delicious!
I'll definitely keep using this! If you want to try it, there is a great offer going on right now! When you purchase a bag of Everlast Vegan Protein you'll get a FREE box of FUEL. Use code TINAOHWELLNESS for an additional 5% off + FREE shipping! Click here to order!


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Q: How to use where clause in separate datetime(year,month,day) http://upic.me/i/hq/capture.png
http://upic.me/i/3g/capture.png
I have the table that divide datetime to single field and set these field to index.
i would to use where clause in date range ex. between  2010/06/21 to 2011/05/15
I try to use
where concat_ws('-',year,month,day) between '2010/06/21' and '2011/05/15'

it's work because I use concat function to adjust these field like ordinary datetime
but it not use index and query slowly.This table has 3 million record
if would to use index I try to this query
where
year = '2011'
and month between 05 and 06
and day between 21 and 15

It almost work but in last line
day between 21 and 15
I can't use this condition
I try to solve this problem but I can't find it and change structer table
I'm looking for answer
thank you
Now I can OR operation for query thank for your answer
In another case if would to find 2009/08/20 to 2011/04/15 It's use longer query and make confusion.Has someone got idea?

A: If it's a datestamp type, you can just use the where/between clause directly. I would consider switching to that, it's quite faster than a varchar with a custom date format.
WHERE yourdate BETWEEN "2011-05-01" AND "2011-06-15"

Although checking ranges may work for single months, you will find if you're querying between several months to have some margin of error because, if you think about it, you're selecting more than you may necessarily want. Using Datestamp will fix performance and usability issues arising from storing the date in a custom varchar.
Here are the two queries to convert your times around if you're interested:
ALTER TABLE  `yourtable` ADD  `newdate` DATE NOT NULL;
UPDATE `yourtable` SET `newdate` = STR_TO_DATE(`olddate`, '%Y/%m/%d');

Just change "yourtable", "newdate", and "olddate" to your table's name, the new date column name, and the old datestamp column names respectively.

A: If you can't change the table structure, you could use something like the following:
WHERE year = '2011'
AND ((month = '05' AND day >= 21) OR (month = '06' AND day <= '15'))

(At least, I think that query does what you want in your specific case. But for e.g. a longer span of time, you'd have to think about the query again, and I suspect queries like this could become a pain to maintain)

UPDATE for the updated requirement
The principle remains the same, only the query becomes more complex. For the range of 2009/08/20 to 2011/04/15 it might look like this:
WHERE year = '2009' AND (month = '08' AND day >= '20' OR month BETWEEN '09' AND '12')
   OR year = '2010'
   OR year = '2011' AND (month BETWEEN '01' AND '03' OR month = '04' AND day <= '15')

A: where year = 2011
and (month between 5 and 6) and (day > 20 or day < 16)
You where seperating days and month whereas you must keep them together
parentheses must be set ...
Mike

A: It is important that you use OR otherwise it is nonsense

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Gulf Strike: How do you solve a problem like Saudi Arabia?
In this article, I'm referring to Scenario 1 of Gulf Strike where the Iranians are thundering down through the Saudi Peninsula with the help of their Soviet buddies, trying to close off American access to the Persian Gulf before the US can rush in carrier groups and Marines and air and endless amounts of supplies for their beleaguered buddies of the Gulf Council States.
So you're playing Iran and turn one has gone fairly smoothly. You've had Kuwait all to yourself to beat the hell out of and now it's conquered and turn two starts. The Gulf Council States immediately declare war on you. With budding optimism, you push your first armored unit south from Kuwait City on its long march towards Riyadh.
If this next step of the takeover plan of the Middle East is not thought through carefully enough, you'll be thinking to yourself by turn 3 or 4: "Wow, this is going to be tougher than I thought!"
By turn 6 or 7, that will change to: "You stupid stupid idiot. Why did you decide to invade Saudi Arabia? This is not at all worth it."
And you'd be right. Because Saudi Arabia is mostly just desert and there is nothing - absolutely nothing to conquer for the first zillion miles south of Kuwait. That means that you'll have to rely on long supply lines to feed and gas up your army. Not only will you have to worry about where to place the supply depots, you'll have to worry about protecting them.
It's a long way to Riyadh! It's a long way to go! - Basra to Riyadh with very little in between
It only takes a vintage enemy fighter bomber with a Bombardment value of "1" to run an interdiction mission on your supply lines, thereby either knocking your units out of supply or delaying your ground forces' arrival until you plug the gaps in air defenses to deal with those pesky incoming planes.
A smart ally player will know how to frustrate your drive south again and again with this. If he's really lucky, he'll be able to throw a unit in behind your front lines to really tear things up.
After only a single play of this scenario, you'll understand why Saddam stopped at Kuwait in 1990. A drive down the peninsula probably sounded cool but the logistics would have been a huge challenge for a modern army.
So the first thing you need to heed here is the air war. You need to knock the hell out of the enemy's air capabilities from the start. Your ground forces can handle themselves without the need for close air support. Let your AH-1 Cobra helicopters handle that job. From the very start of the game, you need to aggressively obtain control the skies. Every F-4 and F-5 has to be committed to this single task because even one plane can ruin your plans for a swift victory in Saudi Arabia.
The Saudi AWACS should be the first thing to take down. It's the most potent unit in the game for the US player's side this early on. Airbases in Kuwait can be used to strike at Riyadh while Khark Island and Bushehr hit at the airbases on the east coast and in Qatar. and Bahrain. F-5 air escorts with F-4 bombing missions would probably work best here in the early stages. Once the interceptors are either shot down or have run out of sorties, send whatever you can in to hit those airbases.
The second thing is that you have to be really comfortable with the supply rules. In case it's been a while since you played this beast, supply depots work as relay stations between supply sources (cities in the case of Iran) and units. To be considered in supply, a unit must be within a certain distance of it (for the sake of supply determination, this means the unit is treated as a hypothetical armor unit in Movement to Contact formation with an MPA of 20).
Across clear terrain, which dominates most of northern Saudi Arabia, that's 3 MP per hex so that's a measly 6 hexes you can advance. If you're lucky enough to have a road to travel on, it's only 2 MP per hex, giving you a marginally better 10 hex supply radius. Oh boy. Riyadh is 22 hexes away from Kuwait City.
If you have managed to plunk down a supply depot in Kuwait City after taking over its airbase and placing an interceptor in there to protect your supply depot, your armor unit can only get a bit down the road into SA before it runs out of supply. As you can see, our example tank unit runs out of supply before it reaches anywhere near any airbases.
The Saudis can - and should, if they are capable - put up a measly Lightning aircraft with a "1" bombardment rating, hit the hex to the north of the armor division and boom - we are now 22 MPs from our supply source and out of supply.
The effects of this out of supply state for the unit are as follows:
1. combat strength halved
2. cannot declare combat
3. cannot be repaired
4. it suffers a hit during the End Stage
So even if you decide to just plunk down three quick supply depots and try to push on anyways, you'll face a problem. Those rough hexes near Riyadh are prime defensive real estate and it won't be easy to push those Saudi defenders back without hitting their flank!
With three supply depots stretched to the limit of their 20 MP allowance, you could manage a single front against Riyadh but it will probably cost you time - something the Iranian player doesn't have in this scenario.
Do you attack Riyadh from two prongs - the north and the east? Well, guess what? You're going to need more supply depots to do that. That means more planning and more precise coordination of truck movement. You'll need to get your transport aircraft in on the act too. But then with more supply depots comes the need to further spread your defenses around to protect them.
To make matters even worse, you'll have the US Special Forces conducting raids on your supply depots by turn seven. I typically use my SF guys exclusively for supply depot raids and destroying valuable truck units. With only three anti-air units, the Iranians can't protect everywhere at once from paradrops. I think this is the time limit for Iran at this point. If Riyadh is still in the Allied possession at this time, it's basically game over for the Iranians.
The only solution I've been able to come up with is basically a.) ruthlessly committing my air force to achieving air supremacy early on in the first turns of the game and b.) setting up redundant supply depots in the chain so that if one depot is destroyed or interdicted, another can take care of it. Four supply depots are probably the minimum. Six are likely the ideal - but it takes a lot of planning to shuttle your trucks back and forth to the right places. C-130 transport aircraft help in this matter a little too - they can land in a clear hex and unload without needing a friendly airfield.
If your air supremacy bid fails or you want to remain cautious during your drive down the peninsula, you could also set your depots 18 MP apart and keep your units tethered at 18 MP from the nearest supply depot. It's enough to make one interdiction mission useless though it will cost about one extra turn of delay for your units.
Invading Saudi Arabia is a huge risk and requires a lot of thoughtful planning for how to deal with the small details of a task that appears deceptively simple. I find that these crucial few turns after Kuwait's defeat is usually where this first scenario is won or lost.
HoldFast April 22, 2018 at 10:05 AM
Thanks for the nice preview of Scenario 1. Right now I'm playing Scenario 2 in a face-to-face game. Gulf Strike is a great game! I'm playing the US-Iran coalition. Yes, interdiction is a useful tool especially if you have weak air units. I successfully put the Soviets our of supply. Sadly, I wasn't able to capitalize on the opportunity and will probably cost me the victory. We are already planning the next scenario even though we are still in turn 13 of Scenario 2. Please see my blog reports on the game http://paintedthumb.blogspot.com/search/label/GulfStrik
brad April 22, 2018 at 11:56 PM
Gulf Strike: How do you solve a problem like Saudi...
Wing Leader Victories: Stalingrad Airlift

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


So it's time to have a new roof put on your home, but how do you decide what material to go with? Weighing your options can certainly be a grueling process, especially when you are deciding on something that will be covering you and your home for years to come. Luckily, in this infographic, we've gathered some of the most used roofing materials and outlined the durability and estimated costs associated with those materials, along with any pros and cons there may be for each one. It is our hope that, with this information, making a decision on what kind of roofing to use may be a little easier. You may even learn about a roofing material you haven't considered before!


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The Rising Sky
Up We Go
Category: Japanese music
The Godlike Schoolgirl Drummer
Her name is Kawaguchi Senri (川口千里), she is 17 years-old, and she is a Goddess on the drums! Having started her drummer career in 2005, this schoolgirl from Aichi prefecture has won several prizes in drum contests in Japan such as "Rhythm&Drum Magazine" 9th and 10th Drum Contest (2006 and 2007), she has appear in … More The Godlike Schoolgirl Drummer
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The Beautiful-Beyond-Belief Japanese Violinist
Her name is Okabe Machi (岡部磨知), and she started playing violin at 3 years old. In venues such as the Tokyo International Forum, the Ebisu Garden Hall and ZEPP TOKYO, she has been performing original arrangements through all the country, having become a famous player. Further expanding her activity, she has participated in live performances, recordings … More The Beautiful-Beyond-Belief Japanese Violinist
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Japanese Music: Goose House (グースハウス)
Goose house (グースハウス) is a music group famous for its covers of japanese songs. Until 2011, the project was called "PlayYou.House", but then changed its name, maintaining the same members. Goose House uploads covers and original songs into Youtube and Ustream, they have their own albums and goods for sale, and they perform live concerts … More Japanese Music: Goose House (グースハウス)
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Japanese Music: Kosugiyama Chihaya (小杉山智早)
Today I bring to you a very special Japanese artist! Her name is Kosugiyama Chihaya (小杉山智早), and she is a whistler! Born in 1996 in Osaka, this little girl won the International Whistlers Convention 2007 in North Caroline, USA! It's really fun to listen! Enjoy the videos below! International Whistlers Convention 2007 in North Caroline, USA … More Japanese Music: Kosugiyama Chihaya (小杉山智早)
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Japanese Music: BABYMETAL (ベビーメタル)
Babymetal (stylized BABYMETAL) is a Japanese metal vocal and dance group, consisting of three girls (SU-METAL (16), YUIMETAL (14) and MOAMETAL (14)). The group is managed by the Amuse talent agency. Initially formed as a subunit of the female idol group Sakura Gakuin with the concept of a "fusion of metal and idol music", the group … More Japanese Music: BABYMETAL (ベビーメタル)
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Japanese Music: B'z (ビーズ)
B'z (ビーズ, Bi-zu) is a Japanese rock duo, consisting of guitarist, composer and producer Takahiro "Tak" Matsumoto (松本孝弘, Matsumoto Takahiro) and Koshi Inaba (稲葉浩志, Inaba Koushi) as vocalist and lyricist. B'z is one of the best-selling music artists in the world, the best-selling in their native Japan, having released 46 consecutive No. 1 singles, 25 … More Japanese Music: B'z (ビーズ)
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Japanese Music: Superfly
Superfly is a Japanese rock band that debuted on April 4, 2007. Formerly a duo, the act now consists solely of lyricist and vocalist Ochi Shiho (越智志帆) with former guitarist Tabo Kouichi (多保孝一) still credited as the group's composer and part-time lyricist. Superfly's first two studio albums have been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan, and … More Japanese Music: Superfly
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Kanji Tip 11 - 木林森 (tree, woods, forest)
Photo of the Week: 1000 yen note
Culture Point 5 - Tejime (手締め)
Anime: Anpanman (アンパンマン)
altoandre on Japanese Vocabulary Lesson 2:…
Mihai on Japanese Vocabulary Lesson 2:…
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action anime Asakusa best spot comedy concert drama fantasy Itabashi Japan Japanese japanese food Japanese language Japanese lesson Japanese music kanji tip music orchestra romance sakura Studio Ghibli Tokyo tourism video vocabulary 日本 東京 漢字 茅原実里 音楽


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Q: Startup Applications does not seem to load /etc/bash.bashrc I understand this type of question has been asked
Help me understand .profile, .bashrc, etc
Sequence of scripts sourced upon login
But I'm having a hard time understanding it.
I've got an Ubuntu machine setup so it connects to Jenkins as a slave. On this machine I've edited /etc/bash.bashrc and exported PATH with additional tools.
When I run a terminal (from the GUI) and execute
echo $PATH

I see the extra values on PATH.
When I run a sh script (from the GUI) which executes
echo $PATH

the extra values are missing.
If the same script is executed via "Startup Applications" the extra values are also missing from PATH.
Since I'm connecting to Jenkins using this approach that's a problem for me. i.e. It means my build jobs fail.
The only 'fix' I've found is to add the values to /etc/environment. When placed here the extra entries on the PATH appear in both scenarios.
But... only after the user logs back in/restarts. Which is not ideal.
How can I configure the machine so the extra entries are add to path for all scenarios?
FYI: I'm using Chef to configure the machine so it'll need to set these variables.

A: Setting environment variables via /etc/bash.bashrc does not make them available in the graphical environment. I would suggest that you instead create the file /etc/profile.d/myvars.sh and set the variables from there. Files in the /etc/profile.d folder with the .sh extension are sourced by the display manager, and with that made available in the whole session, including the graphical environment.
Reference: EnvironmentVariables


text:
contacting people
Department of German
University home > Department of German > HISON - Historical Sociolinguis…
HiSoN
The Historical Sociolinguistics Network (HiSoN)
founded at the University of Bristol in 2005. To travel directly to our main webpage in Salzburg click here.
This network is an informal gathering of scholars with a common interest in historical sociolinguistics. It consists of a mailing list with some 350 academics from across the world (to subscribe, click here), a dedicated webpage hosted by the University of Salzburg (Germany), and regular activities such as conferences, workshops, and summer schools. It has received external funding from the Arts and Humanities Research Council (UK) as a Scientific Network and repeated support from the University of Bristol (UK), the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Belgium), the University of Agder (Norway) and the University of Augsburg (Germany). In 2012, we launched two book series Historical Sociolinguistics - Studies on Language and Society in the Past published by Peter Lang (Oxford) and Advances in Historical Sociolinguistics with John Benjamins. For further information on the HiSoN network, contact Nils Langer (nils.langer@bris.ac.uk).
Major Activities:
2015 9th HiSoN Summer School in Metochi, Lesbos, Greece (Aug 1-8), organised by Gijsbert Rutten (Leiden) and Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel)
2014 Workshop on Historical Handwritings, Bristol (Nov 7-8), organised by Anna Havinga & Markus Schiegg
2014 8th HiSoN Summer School in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway (July 27-Aug 3)
2014 Conference: Mobility, variability and changing literacies in modern times (June 11-13), Utrecht university, organised by Anita Auer (Utrecht) und Mikko Laitinen (Linnaeus University)
2014 Conference: Historical Discourses on Language and Power (Feb 6-8), University of Sheffield, organised by Kristine Horner, Catharina Peersman & Susan Fitzmaurice
2013 Conference - Humboldtkolleg: Invisible Languages in the 19th century (Sept 25-27), University of Bristol, organised by Nils Langer; with the generous support of the Alexander-von-Humboldt foundation.
2013 7th HiSoN Summer School in Metochi, Lesbos, Greece (August 3-10)
2012 Launch of a book series Historical Sociolinguistics - Studies on Language and Society in the Past published by Peter Lang (Oxford), general editors Nils Langer (Bristol), Stephan Elspass (Salzburg), Joseph Salmons (UW Madison), Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel)
2012 Launch of book series Advances in Historical Sociolinguistics, published by John Benjamins (Amsterdam), general editors Marijke van der Wal (Leiden) and Terttu Nevalainen (Helsinki).
2012 6th HiSoN Summer School in/on/surrounded by Lake Chiemsee, Germany (August 9-16) (principal organisers: Simon Pickl and Stephan Elspass (Augsburg)
2011 5th HiSoN Summer School in Metochi, Lesbos, Greece (August 20-27) (principal organisers: Nils Langer (Bristol) and Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel))
2011 Conference: Touching the Past: (Ego) documents in a Linguistic and Historical Perspective, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands. Call for Papers here. (principal organisers Gijsbert Rutten and Marijke van der Wal (Leiden))
2010 4th HiSoN Summer School in Bruges/Brugge in Belgium (August 9-16) (principal organiser: Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel)
2009 3rd HiSoN Summer School in Metochi, Lesbos, Greece (August 20-27) (principal organisers: Nils Langer (Bristol) and Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel))
2009 Conference on Language and History, Linguistics and Historiography, University of Bristol, UK; proceedings edited by N. Langer, S. Davies & W. Vandenbussche and published by Peter Lang (Oxford) in 2012.
2008 Exploratory workshop on the Interdisciplinarity of Language Studies and Historical Studies, University of Bristol, UK
2008 2nd HiSoN Summer School at the University of Bristol, UK (principal organiser: Nils Langer (Bristol)
2007 1st HiSoN Summer School in Metochi, Lesbos, Greece (principal organisers: Nils Langer (Bristol) and Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel))
2006 Conference on The Future of Historical Sociolinguistics, Brugge, Belgium (principal organiser: Wim Vandenbussche (VU Brussel))
2005 Conference on Language Histories from Below, University of Bristol, organised by Nils Langer, proceedings edited by S. Elspass, N. Langer, J. Scharloth, and W. Vandenbussche and published by Walter de Gruyter in 2007.
Updated 17 July 2019 by the School Senior Executive Assistant | Feedback
University of Bristol, Department of German, 17 Woodland Rd, Bristol BS8 1TE, UK - Tel: +44 (0)117 331 7969


Calling all superheroes, supervillains, super friends and super foes – your summer just got a whole lot better.
Thanks to your enthusiasm and support, the Boise Public Library's annual Comic Con is now a TWO-DAY affair!
celebration of comics and comics culture. Costumes are strongly encouraged at this FREE family-friendly event!
2:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Make your own fluffy tail!
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. LEGO® Extravaganza. Join the Idaho LEGO® Users Group, South West Idaho LEGO® Users Group, Bricks and Minifigs, and more, for a display of talent, patience, and precision engineering. LEGO creations from around the Treasure Valley will be exhibited, and attendees are encouraged to participate in a massive group build project. Founded in 2014 by Greg Fastabend, the Idaho LEGO® Users Group (or SpudLUG) has grown in leaps and bounds. With members from all over the state, the group meets regularly to share the love of LEGO bricks, plan events and encourage builders and collectors to have fun and be creative. The group is open to builders of all ages and skillsets. SpudLUG is committed to sharing the joy of LEGO with the community and members have participated in local exhibitions, STEM classes, leadership training workshops and other events.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Condor Art. Daniel Gerber is a Boise area sculptor, mold maker, and diorama builder. He is a graduate of Boise State University with a Bachelors of Fine Arts, Sculpture Emphasis. In 2006 he started Condor Art to produce his own work for sale. Several of his creations are part of the World Center for Birds of Prey gift shop. He is Known at local Conventions for his Star Wars action figure Dioramas. With experience in mold making with silicone rubber, resin casting and epoxy putty, he creates custom work of fandom and pop culture pieces. Daniel specializes in found object sculpture and custom toys and models.
10:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m. Krav Maga. Have you ever wondered which of the actors playing your favorite super hero actually possess the fighting skills of the character they play on screen? Did you know Gal Gadot trained in Krav Maga and was a combat instructor for the Israeli Army? Come explore more about the reality of fighting on screen and off with Idaho Krav Maga's chief instructor, Tracie Ide. Tracie is a Krav Maga Alliance instructor certified to teach civilians, law enforcement officials, and military personnel in hand-to-hand combat as well as a Krav Maga Alliance brown belt level firearms instructor. Tracie and her team will take you through some of the best fight scenes in Wonder Woman, Daredevil (that hallway scene is epic!), and John Wick from a real life standpoint and help you decide who the real super heroes are!
12:30 p.m.-2:00 p.m. Starbelly School of Dance. The Starbelly Dancers have been performing locally for 6 years, and the featured Dancers Cecilia, Sarah, and Tracy have been dancing both locally and nationally for over 20 years. They will be performing pieces from their last big theatrical show, Belly Dance Fantasy. Dancers will be costumed as comic book super heroes and villains, dancing to both traditional Arabic music, and also some familiar classics, like Queen's Bohemian Rhapsody. There may also be an appearance by the Rainbow Unicorns.
2:30 p.m.-3:30 p.m. Duchy of Rusty Gauntlet. Join us at our panel discussion about an international LARP called Amtgard. Your local Boise chapter will explain how to play, how to join, and how to become a part of a grand fantasy adventure! Amtgard is not just for people who like to fight. Join us for a more in depth discussion on LARP as a sport and creative outlet, focusing on the inclusiveness of our game to all people.
10:15 p.m.-11:15 p.m. Workshop: Comic Art for Kids. Join creator Jess Pollard for a comics making workshop for the younger among us.
11:30 p.m.-12:30 p.m. Workshop: Storyboarding. Join feature animation story artist Natalie Nourigat for a workshop on storyboarding.
1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Akashic Moves Bellydance. Bellydancing cosplay! Come watch the bellydancing crew of the Enterprise, bellydancing Whovians, bellydancing My Little Ponies, and so much more! With special guests, including, among others, Cat Woman, Zoe from Firefly, Merida from Brave, & Maleficent. Join us on this epic journey!
3:00 p.m.-4:30 p.m. Treasure Valley Avengers. TVA is group of cosplayers and actors based in the Treasure Valley. They portray Marvel superheroes at conventions, festivals and benefits. Come enjoy this panel of in-character superheroes.
1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Wrestle Club. Wrestle Club is a pro wrestling company that was established in September 2015. Since their uprising, Wrestle Club has performed at Expo Idaho, Ford Idaho Center, and CenturyLink Arena. Wrestle Club has held 42 events locally in 8 different towns in Idaho. They're a non-profit and Idaho's first and only pro wrestling organization. They often work with non-profits, including the Special Olympics and Boise Rescue Mission.
12:00 p.m.-2:00 p.m. Amtgard – Duchy of Rusty Gauntlet. Duchy of Rusty Gauntlet is a local chapter of Amtgard based in Boise, Idaho. They are a Live Action Role Play (LARP) game that uses a high fantasy setting and safe foam weapon combat. If you have ever dreamed of being a Warrior or a Wizard, this is something you should see!
10:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m. Dead Weight. Join creators Terry Blas and Matthew Seely as they discuss their fat camp murder mystery, Dead Weight, forthcoming from Oni Press.
12:00 p.m.-1:00 p.m. Poster Art. Past and present Library Comic Con poster artists, Farel Dalrymple, Adam Rosenlund, and James Lloyd will talk about what makes a great show poster, and the relationship between comics and poster art.
10:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m. A Look at the Real World. While there are plenty of comics featuring superheroes, mutants, zombies, and superhero-mutant-zombies, there are also many that focus on the real world. Science, journalism, and non-fiction comics help shed light on the world around us. MK Reed and Levi Hastings talk about making comics that educate and inform.
12:00 p.m.-1:00 p.m. Creating Comics for Kids and Young Adults. What are the unique challenges that arise when creating for non-adults? How does the juvenile and young adult audience differ from other audiences? We don't know the answers, but MK Reed, Natalie Riess, Sara Ryan, and Matthew Seely do.
1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Workshop: Let's Play. This class will go over the basics of Let's Play. We will go over what you'll need, programs you'll use, and most importantly how to record.
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Page to Screen. Comics have long been a story-source for movies and television. Steve Lieber's Whiteout was made into a feature film and Simon Roy's comic Good Business recently became an indie short. Come find out how comics are translated from page to screen.
10:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m. Mmm, Delicious. With the current popularity of food, (admittedly it's always been a bit popular), baking shows, and cooking challenges, it seemed like a good time to explore the intersection of food and comics. Natalie Riess, Blue Delliquanti, and Levi Hastings are going to talk about what they've been cooking up lately.
12:00 p.m.-1:00 p.m. World Building. Fantastical fictional worlds don't just pop into existence on their own…someone's gotta create them! Ben Dewey, Simon Roy, Der-shing Helmer, and Andrew MacLean have shaped unique, sometimes terrifying, always beautifully rendered worlds. They'll tell you how it's done!
1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. I Don't Even Know Where to Begin. So you'd like to get into the comics biz, but don't have the first clue where to begin? Don't worry, Spike Trotman, Sandra Lanz, Cat Farris, and Jess Pollard have you covered! They'll share their experiences and advice on starting out in the industry.
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Creative Process. Every creative person has their own way of working. Come find out how Theo Ellsworth, Sandra Lanz, Chris Hunt, and Fred Chao develop their stories and make their art.
10:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m. Let's Talk About Webcomics. The internet is full of webcomics, but where did they come from and how did they get there? (Aliens? Time travelers? We suspect it involves magic or some sort of tubes). Blue Delliquanti, Cat Farris, and Der-shing Helmer have the real scoop and will clear up the mystery.
12:00 p.m.-1:00 p.m. Crowd Funding Comics. Spike Trotman knows how to Kickstarter! As a Kickstarter early adopter, she pioneered the widely-adopted bonus model that's since completely reshaped the pay system of the small press, jump-starting the current renaissance of alt-comics anthologies. Her publishing company, Iron Circus, is also the first comics publisher of note to fully incorporate crowdfunding into its business model, inventing one of the single most effective uses of new media in comics publishing today.
1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Building a Comics Community: Portland. Portland, Oregon has become a major haven for comics creators and publishers. Oni Press, Image Comics, and Dark Horse Comics all call Portland home. Creators Terry Blas, Steve Lieber, Sara Ryan, Ben Dewey, and Fred Chao discuss what drew them to the city and how to build and maintain an active comics community.
3:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Monstrous Characters. Monsters. They're all around us. Mostly in our closets, or under our beds. A whole lot of them live in comic books. Some are scary and mean. Some are sneaky. Some hideous to behold, or quite ordinary looking. Some are even understanding. What does it take to make a monster? Andrew MacLean, Theo Ellsworth, and Farel Dalrymple know. They've all made a few in their time.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Local game developers, VR enthusiasts, and makers will be showing off projects and letting you get a taste of the action.
11:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m. Role-Playing Games. Two concurrent games during each time slot. Sign up at Trailhead to quest and vanquish foes.
2:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. Role-Playing Games. Two concurrent games during each time slot. Sign up at Trailhead to quest and vanquish foes.
6:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m. Live Cosplay Contest. Show us what you got! Calling all Schwifties, Duelists, Hunters, Trekkies, Sherlockians, Tributes, Browncoats, Whovians, Scoobies… you get the idea. We're having our first-ever LIVE cosplay contest for Library Comic Con 2017! You (or your group) will get to suit up and strut your stuff for our panel of judges. Dust off your sewing kit, warm up that glue gun, and get crafting! Your homemade costume could win fame, glory, and of course— prizes. Pre-Register before Library Comic Con in your age group (kids 12 and under, teens 13-17, adults 18+), or register at the door. We have a total of 120 spots available. Costumes from all fandom genres are welcome, including original creations.
8:30 p.m.-11:00 p.m. Cosplay Ball. We're throwing an all-ages Cosplay Ball. Come dance the night away with us and DJ Psycache.
Over 80 comic creators, vendors, and exhibitors are slated to appear in Artists' Alley.
12:00 p.m.-3:00 p.m. Portfolio Review. Interested in getting feedback and advice from professional comic creators? Bring your original artwork and head over to the Portfolio Review Table! Some of our Special Guests, including Steve Lieber, Spike Trotman, and MK Reed, will be on-hand offering art critiques and insights on how to break into the comics industry.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. 501st Legion Appearance - Timberline Garrison. Since 1997, the 501st Legion has been dedicated to re-creating film-quality costumes of the "villainous" characters of the Star Wars galaxy and entertaining Star Wars fans with their public appearances, and has become a leading force in fan-based charity events around the world. The Timberline Garrison serves as the local "Chapter" of the 501st for Idaho and Montana.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. R2-D2 Builders Club. Founded in 1999 by Dave Everett, the R2-D2 Builders Club is an internet fan based club with over 5000 members worldwide, using the web as a common means to gather information and share thoughts and ideas with one common goal... to build their very own life size R-Series astromech.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Rebel Legion. Nearing their one-year anniversary in the Rebel Legion, Takodana Base (representing Idaho and Montana) is excited to participate again in this year's Library Comic Con.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Nerd Effect. NerdEffect is a Podcast hosted by four friends from Boise, who meet once a week and talk about all things nerdy. Weekly show topics range from discussions about video games, science, movies and comics, to interviews with local businesses and coverage of events. Nerd Effect also has an ongoing steampunk pathfinder game, The Initiative, and hosts a YouTube channel featuring fan interviews and discussions with random people about all things nerdy.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Dommino Inc Photography. Amilie Turner of Dommino Inc. Photography has been a professional cosplay and comic con photographer for 8 years and has contributed photo-covers to TOP COW comics! Amilie will have a booth set up with a professional backdrop and lighting for anyone wanting photography. Digital file, 5x7, and 8x10 prints will be available for immediate purchase at the booth.
Thank you to all of our Library Comic Con sponsors and supporters!


Do not let any unwholesome talk come out of your mouths.
Do not let any unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is helpful for building others up according to their needs, that it would benefit those who listen.
Thank you for the ability to communicate with others. Remind me to speak truth at all times. I pray that the words that roll off my tongue are words of love.


text:
How worried are Labour MPs about losing their seats?
Despite their party's abysmal poll ratings, MPs find cause for optimism on the campaign trail.
By George Eaton
(Photo By Getty Images.)
Labour enters the general election with subterranean expectations. A "good result", MPs say, would be to retain 180-200 of their 229 MPs. Some fear a worse result than 1935, when the party won just 154 seats. Rather than falling, the Conservatives' poll lead has risen as the prospect of electing a government concentrates minds (last night's YouGov survey, showing the Tories a mere 16 points ahead, was an exception).
Though Conservative strategists insist they could lose the election, in an attempt to incentivise turnout, their decision to target Labour MPs with majorities as high as 8,000 shows the scale of their ambitions (a Commons majority of circa 150 seats). But as well as despair, there is hope to be found in the opposition's ranks.
Though MPs lament that Jeremy Corbyn is an unavoidable drag on their support, they cite four reasons for optimism. The first is their local reputation, which allows them to differentiate themselves from the national party (some quip that the only leaflets on which Corbyn will feature are Tory ones). The second is that since few voters believe the Labour leader can become Prime Minister, there is less risk attached to voting for the party (a point some MPs make explicit) "The problem with Ed Miliband and the SNP in 2015 was that it was a plausible scenario," a shadow minister told me. "It was quite legitimate for voters to ask us the question we didn't want to answer: 'what would you do in a hung parliament?' If voters have a complaint it's usually about Jeremy but it's not the case that he looks like he can become prime minister."
The third reason is the spectre of an omnipotent Tory government. MPs appeal to voters not to give Theresa May a "free hand" and to ensure there is some semblance of an opposition remains. Finally, MPs believe there is an enduring tribal loyalty to Labour, which will assert itself as polling day approaches. Some liken such voters to sports fans, who support their team through thick and thin, regardless of whether they like the manager. Outgoing MP Michael Dugher (who I interviewed this week) was told by an elderly woman: "Don't worry, love, I will still vote Labour. I vote for you even when you're rubbish."
Is this the revival of Tory moderates?
Conservatives are losing confidence in Rishi Sunak
Why do people keep calling Rishi Sunak a "safe pair of hands"?
Ben Bradshaw, the long-serving MP for Exter, who has a majority of 7,183, told me: "We're not anything for granted of course. On the current national polling, the Tories would take Exeter. But having covered five polling districts, although the leadership is undoubtedly a big issue on the doorstep, most people say they'll still vote for me as their local MP and we're not detecting any significant shift away from 2015. Which is slightly puzzling given the chasm in the opinion polls." Bradshaw also promotes himself as "the only non-Tory MP in the south-west outside Bristol": a leaflet shows a blue-splattered map with a lone red dot. The Labour MP warns voters not to be left in a "one-party state".
As in 2010, Labour may yet retain more seats than its vote share suggests (aided by unchanged boundaries). But the fate of the Liberal Democrats in 2015 – when the party was reduced from 56 MPs to eight – shows that local reputations are worth less than many suppose. Theresa May has succeeded in framing herself as a figure above party interests, who needs a "strong hand" in the Brexit negotiations. At the very moment when a vigorous opposition is needed most, Labour has rarely been weaker. And when the public turn resolutely against a party, even the best men and women are not spared.
George Eaton
@georgeeaton
George Eaton is senior editor of the New Statesman.
"This country doesn't invest in its own future": Torsten Bell on why the UK is being hit hardest
Ha-Joon Chang: "Talk of a 'fiscal black hole' is an insult to the concept"
Rishi Sunak isn't a centrist technocrat – he's a proud Thatcherite


text:
DIESElINFORMATIONHUB
New data shows modern diesel emissions are comparable with petrol
According to the German mobility organisation ADAC (Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club), modern diesel and petrol cars tested in real world conditions out-performed regulatory requirements.
Until September 2017, car emissions testing in Europe was limited to laboratory testing that did not fully represent the level of pollutant emissions from new car models. Car buyers therefore could not compare petrol and diesel models or makes due to insufficient reliable, publicly available data on realistic driving conditions.
Then, in September 2017, the European Commission started to implement new emissions testing procedures that combined improved laboratory tests and new emissions testing procedures based on real driving situations.
Thanks to the Real-Driving Emission (RDE) test and the Worldwide Light vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP), car buyers can check emissions levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulates for new vehicles on the market. In addition, from September 2019, car manufacturers are required to publish emissions testing results of all new cars certified as 'Euro 6d-temp', in conditions equivalent to driving in the real world as well as in the laboratory.
Some independent organisations are also making information available based on their own, similar test procedures. The German equivalent of the UK's AA (Automobile Association), the ADAC, found that while the NOx emissions limits set out in the latest European legislation (Euro 6 standard) are not yet fuel-neutral and are higher for diesel than for petrol (80 mg/km as opposed to 60 mg/km), most diesel cars tested on the road are nevertheless well below the lower limit for petrol, as evidenced by the data outlined below:
Car emissions measured on the road | Source: ADAC
A number of these tests were done at low temperatures (between 0 and 8°C), a range at which some cars have previously not met the limits. The fact that these modern diesel cars were able to comfortably achieve very low levels of NOx in a variety of conditions also highlights the improvements that have been made, even since the introduction of the first Euro 6 cars in 2016.
With modern diesel and petrol cars now performing similarly, as regulations intended, consumers can compare vehicles based on their needs, rather than on the level of emissions these cars generate.
There has been growing concern regarding the increase in overall CO2 emissions from cars, partly due to the increase in sales of heavier SUVs (sport utility vehicles), but also due to the decline in sales of diesel cars, which emit less CO2.
Whenever it makes economic and practical sense to the buyer, and if there is little or no difference in pollutant emissions (information should be available in vehicle brochures from your dealer or online), choosing a new diesel car will help bring down CO2 emissions levels in comparison with a petrol car's performance – a 'win-win' for buyers and the climate.
How have emissions from modern diesels been substantially reduced? In the past, older diesel vehicles were not fitted with the same emissions-reducing technology that exists today. For newer (Euro 6) modern diesel vehicles, there have been significant improvements in the emissions of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and Particulate Number (PN). The emission-reducing technology in newer Euro 6 vehicles is crafting the future for environmental protection and air quality. Find out more by watching the video below: https://youtu.be/rHM6pzemcMM
How have emissions from modern diesels been substantially reduced?
How modern diesel cars help lower CO2 emissions Diesel is key to sustainable transport. Its high fuel-efficiency, which produces lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and advanced emission controls make it suitable for achieving CO2 reduction targets and climate change goals. According to the Global Carbon Project's report of 2018, after a stable three-year period, global CO2 emissions are forecast to rise more than 2%. This is mostly due to a global increase in the use of fossil fuels. Therefore, in order to prevent the negative impacts of climate change, reducing CO2 emissions is a top priority in Europe. By signing the Paris Agreement, the EU reaffirmed its commitment to keep the global temperature rise below 2°C compared with the average temperature in pre-industrial times, and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5°C. These demanding measures to reduce the impact of transport on the environment require the use of energy sources that emit less greenhouse gas (GHG), such as diesel. Modern and cleaner diesel cars are an element of the move to improved air quality in Europe. In November 2017, the European Commission's Clean Mobility Package set CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and other light-duty vehicles for the next decade. A target for new passenger cars and vans was proposed to provide stability and long-term direction: the average CO2 emissions of new cars in 2030 will have to be 37.5% lower than in 2021. The intermediary target of 15% to be achieved by 2025, also compared with 2021 levels, is in place to further ensure that the industry is going in the right direction. Alongside these demanding regulatory measures in the EU, diesel powertrains play a significant role in meeting our global climate change targets. In addition, diesel engines are highly efficient and emit less CO2 than their counterpart petrol engines. [caption id="attachment_423" align="aligncenter" width="1080"] The climate agreement signed in Paris commits the EU to keeping the global temperature rise below 2°C[/caption] Diesel is an essential part of Europe's sustainable transport future The new Worldwide harmonised Light vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) has been introduced since September 2017 to provide more realistic measurements of CO2 emissions of cars and vans. This test is progressively replacing the outdated New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). The changing mix of vehicles in the UK is directly contributing to increased CO2 emissions, putting the chances of meeting the EU's CO2 targets at risk. According to a 2018 report in the UK, the average new car's CO2 emissions rose 0.8%, which represents the first increase in more than a decade. With increasingly challenging EU targets, an annual CO2 emission reduction of 5.9% would be needed in order for vehicles to emit less than 95g of CO2 per kilometre by 2020 – the limit required to meet this EU goal. Modern and cleaner diesel cars can provide the foundation to meet Europe's air quality and environmental objectives. The efficiency of modern diesel cars can contribute to meeting CO2 targets and to mitigating GHG emissions from road transport. Diesel cars typically have 15% lower CO2 emissions per kilometre than equivalent petrol-powered cars. The increasing sales of petrol cars in the UK is directly contributing to increased CO2 emissions, putting the chances of meeting the EU's CO2 targets at risk. How our innovations will continue to reduce CO2 emissions in the future Modern diesel cars represent a new generation of vehicles built with an emissions control technology that converts up to 99% of combustion engine exhaust pollutants (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and particulates), which improves air quality and helps the EU achieve its sustainability targets. Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems have been created to further reduce harmful emissions: the former by trapping the soot and other combustion particles and the latter through converting nitrogen oxides into inert diatomic nitrogen – the major (78%) component of ambient air – and water. Diesel cars typically have 15% lower CO2 emissions per kilometre than equivalent petrol-powered cars Diesel technology has a long history of innovation and continuous improvements in a highly regulated automotive market. Due to their modern particulate filters and catalysts, diesel cars are now cleaner than ever before. The diesel industry continues to invest substantially in research, innovation and development to further improve engine efficiency and reduce harmful emissions, making diesel a sound investment for motorists for decades to come.
How modern diesel cars help lower CO2 emissions
How modern diesel engines are helping reduce motoring's impact on local air quality A combination of breakthrough emission control technologies have lowered NOx and particulates, making modern diesel a responsible choice for an urban driver. What do you need to know about urban air quality? According to the European Environment Agency (EEA), air pollution is the number one environmental cause of premature death in the European Union. Sources of urban air pollution include industrial emissions, heating and road transport such as cars and trucks. Air quality is assessed by measuring a number of pollutants, such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM), whose values should not exceed certain benchmarks. While carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions play a role in climate change, they are not responsible for damaging local air quality. In Europe, Euro 6 standards define the maximum amount of those pollutants that vehicles may emit. In 2017, so-called Real Driving Emissions (RDE) tests were introduced to ensure that cars deliver low emissions when driven in the real world, rather than just in a laboratory setting. What impact do cars have on local air quality? Air quality is a serious issue and the transport sector has made significant improvements to reduce harmful emissions. Efforts are underway across the European Union to improve the efficiency of engines to move to zero-emission vehicles in the long term. If all urban motorists today drove new RDE-compliant Euro 6 diesel cars, then our cities would see a substantial reduction in NOx air pollution. In the near future, combustion-engine cars are unlikely to disappear from European roads. To minimise their impact on air quality, improvements are constantly being made to engines in modern vehicles. [caption id="attachment_416" align="aligncenter" width="1080"] Modern diesel engines combine great fuel economy with near-zero pollutant emissions[/caption] Despite negative public perception, diesel engine technology has evolved dramatically in recent years to limit air pollutants and reduce CO2 emissions. In fact, modern and cleaner diesel cars combine great fuel economy with near-zero emissions of ultrafine particles and nitrogen oxides, making them one of the most cost-effective options for reducing transport emissions in Europe. Here are some of the innovations in diesel engine technology that actively combat air quality problems: Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) remove 99.9% of particles coming from the engine, including ultrafine particles. Ceramic wall flow filters remove nearly all carbon particulates, including fine particles less than 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. Since the Euro 5b exhaust emissions legislation was introduced in 2011, DPFs are effectively mandatory. DeNOx exhaust aftertreatment systems such as Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and NOx traps further reduce and control tailpipe NOx emissions of diesel cars. In the SCR system, ammonia is used to convert over 70% (up to 95%) of NO and NO2 into nitrogen over a special catalyst system. AdBlue®, for example is a urea solution which is carefully injected from a separate tank into a diesel car's exhaust system where it hydrolyses into ammonia ahead of the SCR catalyst. A growing number of diesel cars registered after September 2015 (predominantly Euro 6-compliant vehicles) are equipped with this technology. Oxidation catalysts remain a key technology for diesel engines and convert carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) into CO2 and water. How do we measure the real impact of motoring? Since 1992, successive Euro emission standards have set stricter limits on the amount of pollutant emissions a vehicle can emit, such as PM, NOx, unburnt hydrocarbons and CO. A European diesel passenger vehicle was permitted to emit 140 milligrams of PM per kilometre in 1992, but this number dropped to just 4.5 milligrams in 2014. In addition, NOx and unburnt hydrocarbon emission limits have seen reductions of more than 90% over the same period. [caption id="attachment_417" align="aligncenter" width="1080"] Since 1992, diesel passenger vehicles have seen a 96% drop in particulate mass output per kilometre[/caption] Measuring the real impact of motoring is dependent on the study's location. For years, car emissions were measured only in a laboratory setting that aimed to simulate road conditions. These tests came under fire for exhibiting loopholes that were exploited in the now infamous 'Dieselgate' scandal. In 2017, the European Union introduced two new complementary tests to measure air pollutants emitted by cars in a variety of real-world driving conditions to avoid loopholes and measurement discrepancies. What emissions innovations can we expect next? European vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers lead the world in the development of state-of-the-art diesel engine technology. New diesel engines not only emit fewer pollutants that damage air quality, but also produce lower levels of CO2. Modern, cleaner diesel cars combine great fuel economy with near-zero emissions of ultrafine particles and nitrogen oxides, making them one of the most cost-effective options for reducing transport emissions in Europe. In the coming years, partial-to-full hybridisation of the diesel powertrain (e.g. with 48V technology or plug-in hybrid) in combination with advanced emissions control technologies will allow further reduction of both harmful pollutants and CO2 emissions. However, European drivers can already make a difference to local air quality in towns and cities. If all urban motorists today drove existing new RDE-compliant Euro 6 diesel cars (registered from September 2017), then our cities would see a substantial reduction in NOx air pollution. NOx and Particle Number (PN) emissions of RDE-compliant cars tested on the road are publicly available. NOx and PN emissions from the latest diesel cars are well within the Not-To-Exceed emissions area as shown below. [caption id="attachment_196" align="alignnone" width="1024"] The latest diesel cars have NOx and PN emissions that are well within the Not-To-Exceed emissions area[/caption] The ADAC in Germany provides a list of RDE-compliant cars already available on the market. Armed with this data and with further technological updates in the pipeline, drivers are well placed to make choices that will impact positively on the quality of air in their towns and cities.
How modern diesel engines are helping reduce motoring's impact on local air quality
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Republican gubernatorial candidate Mike Dunleavy reacts to early favorable election returns on Nov. 6, 2018 in Anchorage. With Dunleavy are from left, his wife Rose and daughters Ceil and Maggie. (Michael Dinneen | Associated Press)
Opinion: On constitutional reform
Dunleavy is gearing up to consider some constitutional reforms.
By RICH MONIAK
Sunday, November 18, 2018 10:00am
OpinionMike DunleavyOpinion
Every 10 years Alaskan voters are asked to decide if a state Constitutional Convention should be held. But consistent with an electorate loathe to spend money on government functions, it's been overwhelming rejected every time. That's why, although I disagree with his priorities, I think it's a good idea that Governor-elect Mike Dunleavy is gearing up to consider some constitutional reforms.
Four years ago, Dunleavy co-sponsored an amendment that would have changed the makeup of the judicial council, the independent body responsible for nominating judges for the state's courts. Currently, the council has seven members — three attorneys and three non-attorneys with the chief justice of the state supreme court serving as the seventh member and chairperson. The attorneys are chosen by the state bar association and, unlike the non-attorney members, are not subject to confirmation by the legislature.
"The process can be called lawyers choosing lawyers to referee other lawyers," said Sen. Pete Kelly, R-Fairbanks, the primary sponsor of the proposed amendment. Their solution was to add three non-attorney members and require all nine be confirmed by the legislature. In other words, lawyers would have less influence in judicial appointments than partisan politicians with little or no law experience.
That's an accurate description of our elected senators and representatives. Most, including Dunleavy and Kelly, have never practiced or studied law. Of the five senators most recently serving on the judiciary committee, only Bill Wielechowski, D-Anchorage, earned a law degree.
The constitution requires council member appointments be made "without regard to political affiliation." Gordon S. Harrison, Ph.D, the author of Alaska's Constitution: A Citizen's Guide (http://w3.legis.state.ak.us/docs/pdf/citizens_guide.pdf), notes that this provision is "difficult to enforce." Despite that, he states, "Alaska's judiciary system is recognized nationally as one of the best in the United States."
Our judicial system is neither perfect nor broken. But it will trend toward the latter if partisan politicians with minimal legal credentials are given more power of over the appointment of judges.
The same will happen if Dick Randolph, the special adviser on constitutional amendments appointed by Dunleavy, is given too much power to guide the effort.
An insurance salesman for 50 years, Randolph served four terms in the state House in the 1970s and early '80s. Despite that being the limit of his expertise on the law and constitutional governance, he's convinced "the state constitution is awful."
"All sub-surface wealth is mandated to be owned by the state," Randolph argues, "so we can't have a private economy." That's an interesting position for someone proud about having voted for the creation of the Permanent Fund Dividend. Because if delegates to the constitutional convention had his view, they'd have sold off the North Slope oil fields 60 years ago and the fund wouldn't exist.
Without it, we'd still have a state income tax, which Randolph likes to take credit for leading the legislative charge to abolish. And many Alaskans believe a new income tax is necessary, especially if none of the fund can be used to pay for state government. That's why I oppose the constitutional amendment Dunleavy has proposed to restore the traditional PFD payout.
It's worth recognizing that Alaska's Supreme Court ruled an income tax doesn't violate the constitution in part because the last paragraph of Article I, Section 1, Inherent Rights, states "all persons have corresponding obligations to the people and to the State." That sentiment reflects the interdependent vision of nation's founders when they "mutually pledged to each other" their lives, fortunes and sacred honor in support of the Declaration of Independence. And it's another argument for letting go of a portion of our PFD.
Despite these disagreements, I support the general idea of examining the Constitution. For example, an amendment imposing legislative term limits should be considered. Fifteen other states do. And like them all, we limit the term our governor can serve.
The process for legislative reapportionment defined in Article VI also needs attention. Evidence of partisan tinkering in all five plans resulted in some of the new district boundaries being declared unconstitutional.
The constitution has other shortcomings. But like the reapportionment cases, the effort to put constitutional amendments before the voters will fail if it's overly partisan. That's why our new governor must ensure the diversity of Alaska's population is represented throughout this important task.
• Rich Moniak is a Juneau resident and retired civil engineer with more than 25 years of experience working in the public sector. He contributes a weekly "My Turn" to the Juneau Empire. My Turns and Letters to the Editor represent the view of the author, not the view of the Juneau Empire.
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