text:
Q: Unable to override Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Url, Type Error occurred when creating object I'm trying to override the Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Url class so that I can modify the getURL() function, but I'm getting the following error:
Error filtering template: Type Error occurred when creating object: Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Interceptor
I can't see what I'm doing wrong here, but I must be missing something. Module works fine without the di preference. Here are the relevant files (below) and I'm running magento setup:upgrade and magento setup:di:compile after making any changes.
Vendor/Module/etc/di.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
    <preference for="Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Url" type="Vendor\Module\Model\Product\Url" />
</config>

Vendor/Module/Model/Product/Url.php
<?php
/**
 * Copyright © Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * See COPYING.txt for license details.
 */
namespace Vendor\Module\Model\Product;

use \Magento\UrlRewrite\Model\UrlFinderInterface;
use \Magento\UrlRewrite\Service\V1\Data\UrlRewrite;

/**
 * Product Url model
 *
 * @api
 * @since 100.0.2
 */
class Url extends \Magento\Framework\DataObject
{
    /**
     * URL instance
     *
     * @var \Magento\Framework\UrlFactory
     */
    protected $urlFactory;

    /**
     * @var \Magento\Framework\Filter\FilterManager
     */
    protected $filter;

    /**
     * Store manager
     *
     * @var \Magento\Store\Model\StoreManagerInterface
     */
    protected $storeManager;

    /**
     * @var \Magento\Framework\Session\SidResolverInterface
     */
    protected $sidResolver;

    /**
     * @var \Magento\UrlRewrite\Model\UrlFinderInterface
     */
    protected $urlFinder;

    /**
     * @param \Magento\Framework\UrlFactory $urlFactory
     * @param \Magento\Store\Model\StoreManagerInterface $storeManager
     * @param \Magento\Framework\Filter\FilterManager $filter
     * @param \Magento\Framework\Session\SidResolverInterface $sidResolver
     * @param UrlFinderInterface $urlFinder
     * @param array $data
     */
    public function __construct(
        \Magento\Framework\UrlFactory $urlFactory,
        \Magento\Store\Model\StoreManagerInterface $storeManager,
        \Magento\Framework\Filter\FilterManager $filter,
        \Magento\Framework\Session\SidResolverInterface $sidResolver,
        UrlFinderInterface $urlFinder,
        array $data = []
    ) {
        parent::__construct($data);
        $this->urlFactory = $urlFactory;
        $this->storeManager = $storeManager;
        $this->filter = $filter;
        $this->sidResolver = $sidResolver;
        $this->urlFinder = $urlFinder;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve URL Instance
     *
     * @return \Magento\Framework\UrlInterface
     */
    private function getUrlInstance()
    {
        return $this->urlFactory->create();
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve URL in current store
     *
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product
     * @param array $params the URL route params
     * @return string
     */
    public function getUrlInStore(\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product, $params = [])
    {
        $params['_scope_to_url'] = true;
        return $this->getUrl($product, $params);
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve Product URL
     *
     * @param  \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product
     * @param  bool $useSid forced SID mode
     * @return string
     */
    public function getProductUrl($product, $useSid = null)
    {
        if ($useSid === null) {
            $useSid = $this->sidResolver->getUseSessionInUrl();
        }

        $params = [];
        if (!$useSid) {
            $params['_nosid'] = true;
        }

        return $this->getUrl($product, $params);
    }

    /**
     * Format Key for URL
     *
     * @param string $str
     * @return string
     */
    public function formatUrlKey($str)
    {
        return $this->filter->translitUrl($str);
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve Product URL using UrlDataObject
     *
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product
     * @param array $params
     * @return string
     * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.CyclomaticComplexity)
     * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.NPathComplexity)
     */
    public function getUrl(\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product, $params = [])
    {
        $routePath = '';
        $routeParams = $params;

        $storeId = $product->getStoreId();

        $categoryId = null;

        if (!isset($params['_ignore_category']) && $product->getCategoryId() && !$product->getDoNotUseCategoryId()) {
            $categoryId = $product->getCategoryId();
        }

        if ($product->hasUrlDataObject()) {
            $requestPath = $product->getUrlDataObject()->getUrlRewrite();
            $routeParams['_scope'] = $product->getUrlDataObject()->getStoreId();
        } else {
            $requestPath = $product->getRequestPath();
            if (empty($requestPath) && $requestPath !== false) {
                $filterData = [
                    UrlRewrite::ENTITY_ID => $product->getId(),
                    UrlRewrite::ENTITY_TYPE => \Magento\CatalogUrlRewrite\Model\ProductUrlRewriteGenerator::ENTITY_TYPE,
                    UrlRewrite::STORE_ID => $storeId,
                ];
                if ($categoryId) {
                    $filterData[UrlRewrite::METADATA]['category_id'] = $categoryId;
                }
                $rewrite = $this->urlFinder->findOneByData($filterData);
                if ($rewrite) {
                    $requestPath = $rewrite->getRequestPath();
                    $product->setRequestPath($requestPath);
                } else {
                    $product->setRequestPath(false);
                }
            }
        }

        if (isset($routeParams['_scope'])) {
            $storeId = $this->storeManager->getStore($routeParams['_scope'])->getId();
        }

        if ($storeId != $this->storeManager->getStore()->getId()) {
            $routeParams['_scope_to_url'] = true;
        }

        if (!empty($requestPath)) {
            $routeParams['_direct'] = $requestPath;
        } else {
            $routePath = 'catalog/product/view';
            $routeParams['id'] = $product->getId();
            $routeParams['s'] = $product->getUrlKey();
            if ($categoryId) {
                $routeParams['category'] = $categoryId;
            }
        }

        // reset cached URL instance GET query params
        if (!isset($routeParams['_query'])) {
            $routeParams['_query'] = [];
        }

        return $this->getUrlInstance()->setScope($storeId)->getUrl($routePath, $routeParams);
    }
}

A: Change your overwrite class by following code:
<?php
namespace SR\MagentoCommunity\Model\Product;

use Magento\UrlRewrite\Service\V1\Data\UrlRewrite;

class Url extends \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Url
{
    /**
     * Retrieve URL Instance
     *
     * @return \Magento\Framework\UrlInterface
     */
    private function getUrlInstance()
    {
        return $this->urlFactory->create();
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve Product URL using UrlDataObject
     *
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product
     * @param array $params
     * @return string
     * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.CyclomaticComplexity)
     * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.NPathComplexity)
     */
    public function getUrl(\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product, $params = [])
    {
        $routePath = '';
        $routeParams = $params;

        $storeId = $product->getStoreId();

        $categoryId = null;

        if (!isset($params['_ignore_category']) && $product->getCategoryId() && !$product->getDoNotUseCategoryId()) {
            $categoryId = $product->getCategoryId();
        }

        if ($product->hasUrlDataObject()) {
            $requestPath = $product->getUrlDataObject()->getUrlRewrite();
            $routeParams['_scope'] = $product->getUrlDataObject()->getStoreId();
        } else {
            $requestPath = $product->getRequestPath();
            if (empty($requestPath) && $requestPath !== false) {
                $filterData = [
                    UrlRewrite::ENTITY_ID => $product->getId(),
                    UrlRewrite::ENTITY_TYPE => \Magento\CatalogUrlRewrite\Model\ProductUrlRewriteGenerator::ENTITY_TYPE,
                    UrlRewrite::STORE_ID => $storeId,
                ];
                if ($categoryId) {
                    $filterData[UrlRewrite::METADATA]['category_id'] = $categoryId;
                }
                $rewrite = $this->urlFinder->findOneByData($filterData);
                if ($rewrite) {
                    $requestPath = $rewrite->getRequestPath();
                    $product->setRequestPath($requestPath);
                } else {
                    $product->setRequestPath(false);
                }
            }
        }

        if (isset($routeParams['_scope'])) {
            $storeId = $this->storeManager->getStore($routeParams['_scope'])->getId();
        }

        if ($storeId != $this->storeManager->getStore()->getId()) {
            $routeParams['_scope_to_url'] = true;
        }

        if (!empty($requestPath)) {
            $routeParams['_direct'] = $requestPath;
        } else {
            $routePath = 'catalog/product/view';
            $routeParams['id'] = $product->getId();
            $routeParams['s'] = $product->getUrlKey();
            if ($categoryId) {
                $routeParams['category'] = $categoryId;
            }
        }

        // reset cached URL instance GET query params
        if (!isset($routeParams['_query'])) {
            $routeParams['_query'] = [];
        }

        return $this->getUrlInstance()->setScope($storeId)->getUrl($routePath, $routeParams);
    }
}

A: I think the file system permissions must have been incorrect somewhere along the way; after I deleted the generated folder and ran through the compile and upgrade processes, it worked fine. The code listed in the question is correct.


text:
Home World News World records achieved in 2019
World records achieved in 2019
theege eye
2019 has been a record-breaking year around the globe with many world records being recorded. From amazing athletes to global temperatures, here are a few world records which were achieved in 2019.
In December Australia saw its hottest day with an average maximum temperature of 41.9 degrees and in July, global temperatures were the hottest ever recorded at an average of 16.75 degrees.
Kenyan runner Eliud Kipchoge set a world record for completing a marathon in less than two hours and U.S. gymnastics star Simone Biles scooped five gold medals in October to take her World Championship medal haul to an amazing 25 medals.
Back in October, Qantas Airlines completed the longest non-stop passenger flight from New York to Sydney which took 19 hours and 16 minutes.
In July 2019, a pair of 1972 Nike Moon Shoes were sold at a Sotheby's auction for $427,000, breaking the world record for the most expensive pair of sneakers sold at auction.
Actress Jennifer Aniston amassed 1 million followers in just five hours and 16 minutes after she joined Instagram, making her the fastest user to gain a million followers.
On May 17, Guinness World Records announced that Miyako Sonoda and Masao Matsumoto, a couple from Japan, were the oldest married couple with a combined age of 210 years and 121 days.
In India a ring with 7,777 diamonds worth almost $5 million set a record for having the most diamonds set in one ring.
Finally, free-diver Anthony Williams from New Zealand set a record for diving 230 feet under ice while holding his breath for nearly two and a half minutes.
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Many of you will be aware of the devastating bushfires that tore through Victoria, Australia. Over 180 lives were lost and the death toll is expected to rise significantly. Thousands of homes and businesses have been destroyed.
As an Australian-founded company, everyone at World Nomads has been deeply affected by this tragedy. We have both, on a company level as well as personally, looked to support the efforts being made by organisations such as the Australian Red Cross to assist at this time of need for the victims of the bushfire.
If you would like to support as well, please visit the Australian Red Cross website where you can make a donation online.


text:
Pioneering North Derbyshire museum and art project to wrap up with auction
todayNovember 9, 2021 9
A pioneering project by Derbyshire County Council, funded by the Museums Association, has been hailed a success after new homes were found for more than 2,000 pieces of art and other historical artefacts.
Launched at the end of 2019, the pilot project aimed to find suitable homes for a vast collection of more than 2,300 objects, artworks, archaeological and decorative pieces which made up our Museums and Loans Service collection and our Schools Library Service (SLS).
The SLS closed in 2018 and following that, the collection was taken to the our Buxton Museum and Art Gallery to be temporarily stored.
The museum did not have the space to house the objects in the long term and the majority of the pieces were not suitable for display as they did not align with other collections and themes.
Staff at the museum and art gallery successfully applied to the Esmée Fairbairn Collections Fund (administered by the Museums Association) for a grant to fund a project to source appropriate homes for the pieces, with the main aim of keeping them in the public domain and on public display where at all possible.
The project was selected for funding by the Museums Association because it represented a model of best practice in adhering to its code of ethics around dispersal of objects.
The project has now seen more than 2,000 objects re-homed in this country and abroad, with an auction being held on Friday 19 November 2021 to dispose of the remaining items. Any profits will be returned to the museum and art gallery to support its work.
Derbyshire County Council Leader and Cabinet Member for Strategic Leadership, Culture, Tourism and Climate Change, Councillor Barry Lewis said:
"The transfer of collections from the Schools Library Service to museums and other venues has been a pioneering and very exciting project for us to be involved in.
"For a long time, museums have been nervous about the disposal of objects, so we welcomed the confidence the Museums Association placed in us to get this right. It is an innovative project which has seen items being re-homed in a transparent way, carefully considering where the best place is for the object while ensuring that it is not lost to the public, where possible.
"We are very pleased that the project has been so successful, with more than 2,000 pieces including pictures, ceramics, glass and other artefacts being placed at more than 100 museums, galleries and collections.
"Any money raised will go straight back to the Buxton Museum and Art Gallery to be invested in the care of the collections, to ensure that visitors especially students and children, continue to have the opportunity to enjoy the artworks and history held in the collections there."
Collections Development Officer for the Museums Association Sarah Briggs said:
"Disposal is a vital part of good museums practice to enable future collecting and keep museums relevant to their communities. The team at Buxton have done incredible work to ensure that these wonderful objects find new publicly accessible homes instead of sitting in a store. We're sure that the work will be an inspiration to other museums.''
Applications now open for Derbyshire primary school places for September 2022
Parents can now apply for their child's infant, junior or primary school place for September 2022. Applications for children who were born between 1 September 2017 and 31 August 2018 opened yesterday (Monday 8 November 2021) and will close at midnight on Saturday 15 January 2022. Parents can also apply during the same period for junior school places for children born between 1 September 2014 and 31 August 2015 who are currently in Year 2 at an infant school and […]


text:
W. Bball
Florida baseball swept out of Gainesville Regional
By Adam Silverstein
By Andrew Olson – OnlyGators.com Contributor
There is plenty of baseball left to be played in the Gainesville Regional at McKethan Stadium – and for that matter the entire 2014 NCAA Tournament – but none of it will include the Florida Gators.
The top seed in its regional and No. 2 overall team in the event, Florida (40-23) was eliminated from postseason competition by the regional third seed North Carolina Tar Heels (35-26) on Saturday, dropping the contest by a score of 5-2.
The Gators likely felt like they were experiencing déjà vu in Saturday's game as, for the second-straight day, UF dealt with a rain delay in excess of three hours.
This time, the game was halted in the third inning with junior left-handed pitcher Bobby Poyner (2.0 IP, 5 H, 2 R, ER, 2 K) on the mound. Poyner did not return after the delay, leaving freshman lefty Kirby Snead (1.0 IP, 4 H, 3 ER) with two on and no outs.
Just like Friday night, Florida's opponent returned from the delay with gusto and a major offensive output. North Carolina teed off on Snead for four hits, taking a 5-0 lead that proved to be insurmountable for the Gators.
Florida chipped away at North Carolina's lead late in the game but failed to put together a multi-run inning to give it a legitimate fighting chance.
Redshirt junior first baseman Zack Powers (1/5, RBI) hit a bases-loaded single with two outs in the seventh that should have scored two runs. The Tar Heels caught a break when sophomore shortstop Richie Martin (1/5) tripped rounding third base. Martin was tagged out at home to end the frame and the rally.
In the eighth inning, junior second baseman Casey Turgeon (2/4, RBI, R) made it a 5-2 game with a two-out RBI single.
Sophomore center fielder Harrison Bader (1/2, BB) was hit by a pitch to start the ninth but there was no miracle rally to be had as Florida's next three batters were retired in order, stranding Bader at third and sealing the deal for North Carolina.
The Tar Heels were without their best player, SS Michael Russell, from the third inning onward. With UNC batting in the bottom of the second, a fastball got away from Poyner and hit Russell in the head, causing him to bleed heavily. The game paused for a 10-minute delay, by NCAA rule, to allow North Carolina to determine Russell's status. Russell was replaced by pinch runner Zach Daly when the game resumed.
After overachieving to capture SEC regular-season title and a national seed, UF's 2014 campaign ended in disappointing fashion.
In a span of less than 22 hours, the Gators went from being the favorite to win the Gainesville Regional to completely eliminated from postseason. Florida was 4-for-20 with runners in scoring position over its two games, 3-for-15 on Saturday.
As the No. 2 overall seed in the tournament, UF would have hosted a Super Regional in Gainesville, Florida, against the winner of the Coral Gables Regional.
Florida has now lost its last six games in the NCAA Tournament dating back to the 2012 College World Series, including back-to-back sweeps in the 2013 Bloomington Regional and this year's Gainesville Regional.
Powers and redshirt junior hurlers Karsten Whitson and Keenan Kish all took part in Senior Day festivities, indicating this was their final game for the Gators.
The 2014 MLB Draft takes place June 5-7. UF's draft-eligible juniors will have until July 18 to either sign a contract or declare their intent to return for the 2015 season.
baseball Bobby Poyner Casey Turgeon Draft Gainesville Regional Harrison Bader Karsten Whitson Keenan Kish Kirby Snead McKethan Stadium MLB NCAA NCAA Tournament Richie Martin Zack Powers
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text:
Oromia: Oromos face chilling oppression in Ethiopia. #Africa March 1, 2015
Posted by OromianEconomist in Afar, Ethiopia's Colonizing Structure and the Development Problems of People of Oromia, Groups at risk of arbitrary arrest in Oromia: Amnesty International Report, Human Rights Watch on Human Rights Violations Against Oromo People by TPLF Ethiopia, Ogaden, Oromo the Largest Nation of Africa. Human Rights violations and Genocide against the Oromo people in Ethiopia, Sidama, Southern Ethiopia and the Omo Valley.
Tags: Africa, African Studies, Because I am Oromo, Genocide against the Oromo, Oromia, Oromo people, The Tyranny of Ethiopia, Times of Oman
Oromos face chilling oppression in Ethiopia
DEBASISH MITRA, Times of Oman, 28 Feb. 2015
In Ethiopia they live like animals, relentlessly persecuted, hunted down like games, killed at will and incarcerated en masse. No mercy is shown even to women and children. They are the Oromos — the largest ethnic group, the most marginalised in Ethiopia and arguably one among the most oppressed people in our planet. Despite their numerical majority, the Oromos, much like the Palestinians, are facing xenophobic oppression.
Amnesty International's report on the state of existence of the Oromos, published last year, has been damning. It painted a chilling picture of the brutality unleashed by Ethiopian government on the hapless community to which the country's President, Mulatu Teshome, belongs. The rights group, based in London, said: "At least 5,000 Oromos have been arrested based on their actual or suspected peaceful opposition to the government". And most of them have been "subjected to treatment amounting to torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment".
Amnesty researcher Claire Beston has been scathing. She said, "The Ethiopian government's relentless crackdown on real or imagined dissent among the Oromo is sweeping in its scale and often shocking in its brutality. This is apparently intended to warn, control or silence all signs of 'political disobedience' in the region". Beston, in her report, said in no uncertain terms that she saw "signs of torture, including scars and burns, as well as missing fingers, ears and teeth" on those Oromos she interviewed.
The scenario in the country is perhaps far more terrifying. The United States, in its 2013 Human Rights Report, has pointed out that at least 70,000 persons, including some 2,500 women and nearly 600 children are incarcerated with their mothers, in severely overcrowded six federal and 120 regional prisons. "There also were many unofficial detention centres throughout the country, including in Dedessa, Bir Sheleko, Tolay, Hormat, Blate, Tatek, Jijiga, Holeta, and Senkele," the report added further.
Plurality, respect for basic democratic values and tolerance for dissent have never been the fortes for which Ethiopia is known in the world. It is for reasons on the contrary the country has already earned a massive notoriety internationally. Corruptions are rampant and behind the façade of development the government in Ethiopia is infamous for selling out the country to the western world and foreign corporations and, of course, for its blatant violation of basic human rights.
What defines Ethiopia today is the greed and corruption of its politicians, especially those in power. The brazenness with which the government is trying to sell out Omo Valley to foreign corporation is a shame and a heinous crime. Twice the size of France and UNESCO World Heritage Site, Omo Valley is known as the 'cradle of mankind' which, according to ancient-origins.net, has the world's largest alkaline lake as well as the world's largest permanent desert lake.
The Ecologist says, Lake Turkana in Omo Valley was a prehistoric centre for early hominids. Some 20,000 fossil specimens have been collected from the Turkana Basin. Anthropological digs have led to the discovery of important fossilised remains, most notably, the skeleton of the Turkana Boy, (or Nariokotome Boy). Finding Turkana Boy was one of the most spectacular discoveries in palaeoanthropology. His reconstruction comes from the almost perfectly preserved skeleton found in 1984 at Nariokotome near Lake Turkana.
Discovery of the fossilised Turkana Boy, aged between seven and fifteen who lived approximately 1.6 million years ago was a milestone in the study of our origin and ancestry. Yet, to the corrupt, shameless and avaricious Ethiopian government it is of no significance. And neither is the welfare of the indigenous people of the valley who are believed to be the living descendants of the early hominids.
Alas! Ethiopian government wants to sell out this important archaeological treasure trove to foreign corporations where they want to develop sugar, cotton and biofuel plantations. A shameless land grab is underway in Omo Valley where hundreds of more fossilised skeletons of our forefathers are expected to be found and retrieved.
Misrule, human rights violations, hubris, arrogance and corruption plagues Ethiopia. Continuous demagoguery against the Oromos has made Ethiopia sit atop a huge mound of gun powder waiting for a spark to explode. The Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), the armed wing of the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) is getting ready for yet another armed struggle to overthrow the present political dispensation in power.
And given the history of insurgency in Ethiopia the country today seems to be heading fast towards a fresh bout of armed insurrection.
A low intensity struggle has already started as the Oromos are no more in mood to take the oppression, they are in no mood to suffer in silence their marginalisation. The ethnic fire the Ethiopian government has been stoking is gradually turning into an inferno.
We know human stupidity is endless and that of Ethiopia is infinite and dark. It cannot achieve growth and progress keeping its people delegitimised and aggrieved. The oppressed and tortured shall one day erupt to claim what legitimately belongs to them as well.
http://www.timesofoman.com/Columns/2752/Article-Oromos-face-chilling-oppression-in-Ethiopia?fb_action_ids=10205209354127404&fb_action_types=og.shares&fb_source=other_multiline&action_object_map=%5B952978248045661%5D&action_type_map=%5B%22og.shares%22%5D&action_ref_map=%5B%5D#
The author is the Opinion Editor of Times of Oman. All the views and opinions expressed in the article are solely those of the author and do not reflect those of Times of Oman. He can be reached at opinioneditor@timesofoman.com


Calhoun Speedway is a dedicated to Moto racing and all the interesting facts associated with it. We look forward to provide useful details to the moto racing enthusiasts. Any information of our subcribers will not be leaked to the third party.


With a few basic guidelines, you can choose from several methods for a tender, juicy bird that will highlight your holiday meal.
Turkey, the main dish of most traditional Thanksgiving dinners, is something many of us cook only once a year. For this reason, a refresher is always useful. We consulted chef, cooking teacher, and turkey expert Rick Rodgers for pointers. Author of Thanksgiving 101 and The Turkey Cookbook, among 25 other cookbooks, Rodgers has cooked more than 1,000 turkeys, by his own estimate.
Although it often causes stress for novice cooks, roasting a turkey is essentially the same process as roasting a chicken, only on a larger scale. Just follow a few guidelines, and the turkey will be the standout of your holiday meal, be it your first or your fiftieth.
We favor fresh turkeys over frozen because we prefer their texture, flavor, and moistness. But there are other considerations. You can also choose among organic, heritage-breed, and free-range birds. "I find fresh organic birds have richer, more natural flavor," Rodgers says. "It's always my first choice. Every time I serve one, my guests always remark, 'So this is what turkey is supposed to taste like.'" Rodgers adds that minimally processed supermarket brands are also good choices.
Heritage breed turkeys, such as Bourbon Red and Narragansett, have stronger-flavored meat than their hybrid counterparts. Rodgers recommends serving these pricey birds to adult gatherings since the strong flavor may not appeal to children.
Fresh organic turkeys can be considerably more expensive than mainstream frozen ones, and heritage breeds are most expensive of all. In the end, Rodgers advises, "go with your budget."
In our roundup of turkey techniques, we haven't included two popular approaches: oven bags and brining. Rodgers says in his experience, oven bags have produced disappointing results. "Sure, the meat is tender, but the turkey steams, and it tastes more like stew," he says.
Lesser vessels, particularly disposable aluminum pans, can't compare, Rodgers says. "A lot of people don't set themselves up properly with a roasting pan and end up with turkey on the floor," because disposable roasting pans aren't sturdy enough to support a heavy bird, he says.
Rodgers prefers roasting pans with nonstick surfaces, which he feels are superior for making gravy. Some might argue that nonstick surfaces don't properly develop browned bits while cooking on the stove top, but Rodgers counters that when the dark-colored nonstick surface is surrounded by heat in the oven, it helps the roasting juices caramelize, leading to richer gravy. The roasting pan should also be equipped with a sturdy wire rack, which allows hot air to circulate beneath the bird and keeps it from sitting in its drippings.
A good meat thermometer is another essential tool. Rodgers suggests using a digital probe thermometer with a readout that stands outside the oven, so you don't have to open the oven door to check the temperature (each time you open the oven door, the temperature drops 25° to 50°). Rodgers cautions against relying on pop-up thermometers that come with turkeys, as basting juices can glue these gadgets shut. Use them as a backup only, he says.
Rodgers recommends using a bulb baster to moisten the turkey skin as it roasts. Because we call for discarding the skin before serving, basting merely serves to enhance the appearance of the turkey if you bring it to the table. While basting will help brown the skin, the liquid will not penetrate the skin into the meat.
Also important: an oven thermometer. "Oven temperature can fluctuate enormously," Rodgers says, noting that although your oven dial is set at 325°, for instance, the actual temperature may be significantly higher or lower because oven settings become uncalibrated over time. With an oven thermometer, you achieve the desired oven temperature accurately and with confidence by adjusting the setting accordingly.
Buy a fresh turkey no more than two days before cooking. If you choose a frozen bird, allow 24 hours defrosting time for every five pounds. Defrost the turkey in the refrigerator, never at room temperature, which would allow harmful bacteria to grow. Be certain that the turkey has thawed completely before roasting, or the meat will cook unevenly. Whether fresh or frozen, keep the turkey in a shallow pan in the refrigerator to catch any drips.
The United States Department of Agriculture no longer calls for rinsing whole turkeys before roasting. Rinsing turkey in a sink can be an unwieldy process and is likely to splash water and spread bacteria. Rodgers notes that rinsing merely refreshes the bird; only cooking to a proper temperature can kill harmful bacteria.
The basic challenge with turkey (and poultry in general) is that white meat cooks faster than dark. Rodgers mitigates this problem by covering the turkey breast with foil for most techniques (except for high-heat roasting, since the turkey cooks so quickly). The foil deflects the heat and slows the cooking time for the breast.
We present five techniques for turkey. Our Classic Roast Turkey is slow-roasted at 325° for about two and a half hours. (Because of such variables as actual oven temperature and how cold the turkey is when it goes in the oven, cooking times are approximate; rely more on your meat thermometer, Rodgers cautions.) Fresh herbs in the body cavity help flavor the cooking juices, while Make-Ahead Gravy provides the finishing touch. The Classic Roast Turkey is a favorite of Rodgers, who regularly teaches this method in his holiday cooking classes.
High-Heat Roast Turkey cooks at 450° and takes about an hour and a half. A high-quality, heavy-duty roasting pan is imperative for this method in order to insulate the drippings and make them less likely to scorch, Rodgers says. He also suggests cleaning the oven beforehand to prevent excessive smoking and, because turkey tends to splatter when cooked at high heat, a follow-up cleaning afterward.
With the Turkey with Sausage, Apricot, and Sage Stuffing, you fill the cold bird with freshly made, warm stuffing and roast immediately. For food safety reasons, never use chilled stuffing or refrigerate a stuffed bird overnight, and don't overstuff the bird, because the stuffing will expand from the moisture, and the bird could split open from internal pressure. This dish should finish cooking in about four hours, longer than an unstuffed turkey.
Apple-Grilled Turkey is a delicious option for people in warmer climates or die-hard grillers. Indirect grilling and applewood smoke give the turkey an attractive exterior and smoky flavor.
Provençal Turkey Breast is ideal for a small gathering with a preference for white meat. This dish also saves time―it cooks in about an hour and 20 minutes.
Let the turkey rest for at least 30 minutes before carving. If you carve too soon, juices will flood out and you'll be left with dry meat. Resting allows the juices to settle, resulting in moister turkey. While half an hour may seem like a long time to let the turkey stand, "believe me, it won't cool off," Rodgers says.
When it comes time to carve, make sure that the carving knife is sharp. Rodgers says that inexperienced carvers may want to slice the bird in the kitchen, to avoid the gaze of a tableside audience. First, remove and discard the skin. Remove the thigh quarters by cutting through the joint where the thigh attaches to the body. Then cut through the joint that attaches the leg to the thigh. Serve these pieces whole, or cut meat away from the bone, depending on demand for dark meat. Carve white meat by slicing parallel to the breast, or cut the breast off entirely and then slice it crosswise.
The United States Department of Agriculture recently lowered its recommended safe minimum internal temperature for poultry from 180° to 165°. Also, the USDA advises keeping the bird in the oven until it has reached 165°, rather than pulling it from the heat five or 10 degrees earlier and letting the temperature rise as it rests. "That's because we're just not sure how much the temperature will rise," says USDA meat and poultry hotline manager Diane Van.
Still, Rick Rodgers recommends cooking the turkey to 180°; he feels dark meat might be tough if cooked only to 165°. We find cooking turkey to 165° yields juicier white meat than higher temperatures. "If consumers cook to higher temperatures for taste, that's their choice," Van says.


text:
Q: Selected Features Column Names in Scikit Learn Feature Selection Figuring out which features were selected from the main dataframe is a very common problem data scientists face while doing feature selection using scikit-learn feature_selection module.
# importing modules
from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectKBest
from sklearn.feature_selection import f_regression

# creating X - train and Y - test variables
X = main_df.iloc[:,0:-1]
Y = main_df.iloc[:,-1]

# feature extraction
test = SelectKBest(score_func=f_regression, k=5)
features = test.fit_transform(X,Y)

# finding selected column names
feature_idx = test.get_support(indices=True)
feature_names = main_df.columns[feature_idx]

# creating selected features dataframe with corresponding column names
features = pd.DataFrame(features, columns=feature_names)

features.head()

I hope my code helps the community and if you like the effort, do upvote, it is a form of showing appreciation. Any and every feedback is appreciated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Study Guides in Adult Education series has been designed to give students and researchers in adult education access to international discussions in adult education. Each Study Guide in Adult Education provides a structured overview of the international discourse on a topic related to adult and continuing education.
The series grew out of the "European Master in Adult Education" programme and the DAAD-Guest Chair in "Adult and Continuing Education and Learning". These projects have contributed to the internationalisation of adult education studies in Europe. As a result, some volumes feature a special focus on European issues and developments. The structure of the series is based on the core curriculum of the European Master in Adult Education. All of the study guide authors have actively contributed to the abovementioned programmes.
Each Study Guide in Adult Education provides a structured overview of the international discourse on a topic related to adult and continuing education. Several volumes were used by the authors in classes with master's students in adult education. Since the study guides have been designed as textbooks to be used in higher education settings, each section concludes with several exercises and tasks. While exercises may be used to gain a deeper understanding of the text, tasks point readers to further readings and resources for each topic. Furthermore, the series aims to contribute to the emergence of a systematic framework to organize and synthesis international discussions in adult education. Therefore, it is especially suitable for use in international courses on topics related to adult and continuing education.


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1st klm. Tyrnavos - Larisa, 40100, Tyrnavos, Greece
+30 24920-24771, +30 24920-22002
The Cooperative
Managment Board
Ouzo – History of a word
The Revelation of Muscat
Farmers Home Winemaking
Oenological Laboratory
Tsipouro & Ouzo
Special Spirits & Liqueur
Agriculturist's Announcements
The Tyrnavos Coop Winery & Distillery was founded in 1961 by wine producers in the province of Tyrnavos with the intention to exploit the rich potential of the grape production of the area as for the production and bottling of wine. The Union of Agricultural Cooperatives of Larissa Tyrnavos Agia (UAC of Larissa) played the role of guarantor for the loan taken by the ABG, which was based on the contracts signed over 1,400 growers in the region, with the prospect of being granted the winery to the wine growers only when they create a reliable partnership for its management. In the contracts signed by the harvesters the amount of grapes that each of them would bring to the winery was defined, but the penalty that would be paid in case of not bringing his harvest too.
The winery is operated by the authority of the UAC until 1978 when it was transferred on 07/28/1978 with a notarial action (Land Registry of Tyrnavos,volume 257, article 76) by the chairman of the UAC, Mr Eleftherios Makris and the President of the Vinicultural Cooperation Mr. Dimitrios Germanidis . During these years of operation of the winery under the UAC, because the earnings of growers were not satisfactory, they do not bring the quantities of the grapes which they were obligated to bring so that their cartels to be charged with payment for interest and part of capital which resulted in many of them to be deleted from the power of the Association. The fact is however that the year that the Winery was transferred to the winegrowers of Tyrnavos showed its dynamic as well. It started a continuing upward trend of creating products and expanding markets. By using a variety of programs in 1982, new stainless steel tanks were constructed with a capacity of 30,000 hl and improved the mechanical equipment with the supply of pneumatic presses and modern bottling line, whereas simultaneously the biological treatment was constructed.
In 1990 the Winery continued the production and bottling of tsipouro, which today plays an important role in the overall turnover of the Association.
In 1997 it continued to a pioneer production of rectified concentrated grape, a product which is mainly available to other wineries in order to increase their alcoholic degree or make sweet or semi-sweet wines.
In 2004 and 2007 other 30,000 hl stainless steel tanks were constructed and a warehouse of finished products was constructed too and the bottling plant moved to new locations, new bottling lines for new product packaging (bag in box, pet, etc.) were purchased, new products of tsipouro were generated (aged in oak drums and saffron, and new types of wine). Also transportation trucks and forklifts were purchased, the distribution network was expanded to the Peloponnese. A system to control the quality was applied (ISO) in the winery and integrated management system (Agro 1-2) in the vines of the associates. The total turnover of the partnership reached 11 million euros.
The Tyrnavos Coop Winery & Distillery with about 500 growers members, active in wine production, spirits and beverages and distributes its products in almost all Greece and abroad.
1st klm. Tyrnavos - Larisa, 40100, Tyrnavos
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We've had speakers from big corporations before: Sharon Moore from IBM talking tech innovation in transport … no-one batted an eyelid. We've had speakers talk about GMOs before: Most notably Myles Power telling us why GMOs Will Kill Us All (spoiler alert – they won't) … that event came and went without comment or criticism.
Numerous negative comments on the Facebook event: "He's not even a scientist", "He's going to get DESTROYED", "I'll give the BRAINWASHING a miss" to name but a few.
The culmination … an article in Natural News – arguably the epicentre of pseudoscientific nonsense. It's worth noting that the Glasgow Skeptics team were delighted with this dubious accolade. High fives all round!
We at Glasgow Skeptics are no strangers to controversy, so our response to all this criticism was "Come along. Listen to what is said, and then let's have a rigorous Q&A session".
But let's rewind a little ….
Expectations before the event were of verbal fireworks. A flame war of opposing opinions. Fact vs counter fact. Allegation versus defence. Placards and protesters. Heckling and harassment.
We had contacted Scotland Against Monsanto, The Scottish Green Party, and even the SNP (the primary decision makers in Scotland's GMO ban) about the event, but to the best of our knowledge no representatives from any of those organizations showed up. Perhaps that's why Vance had an 'easier' time of it than we might have initially predicted. That being said, we did manage to get ourselves an actual farmer in the audience – a strangely neglected group when it comes to discussions about farming.
How did he respond to these questions? Well, why not check out the audio for yourself (see below), and make an informed judgment.
We at Glasgow Skeptics were happy to run this event despite the accusation of us being shills, or some kind of second-hand PR arm for Monsanto.
We value facts and evidence, but also acknowledge that things are frequently much more complex and nuanced than you would ever imagine if you only ever read one side of the argument. We gave plenty of opportunity for dissenting voices to bring their arguments to the table to avoid accusations of being one-sided … but many of those internet warriors simply failed to show up.
Finally – we'd like to give some kudos to those regular attendees who had expressed concern about the event: They came along, they listened, they asked excellent questions … and then we went upstairs to the bar and had some great follow-on conversations over a few pints. That's pretty much exactly what we hope to achieve with our events. Job done!


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9 Arthritis Pain Relief Strategies From Those Who Know
Five people living with arthritis share their best pain relief tips, ranging from yoga to aromatherapy.
By Kathleen DohenyMedically Reviewed by Alexa Meara, MD
Phillip Sutton (left) uses THC cream for his osteoarthritis pain. Summer Scirocco (right) uses aromatherapy to help ease her psoriatic arthritis pain.
Massages help Mark Rucker cope with his RA pain.
Whether it's sharp, dull, or aching in nature, pain is one of the hallmark symptoms of arthritis.
Such pain can be severe and debilitating, interfering with your work, relationships, and social life.
The following five people live with various types of arthritis every day, including rheumatoid, psoriatic, and osteoarthritis. After trying a number of options without relief, they've all finally found ways to control the pain. One of their time-tested strategies may work for you, too.
Summer Scirocco, 28, of Vidalia, Louisiana, was diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis in 2013. Scirocco's pain often reached an 8 or 9 out of 10, she says. Then she found aromatherapy.
"I use lavender in a diffuser," she says. "When I get home, I put it in the diffuser in my bedroom," she says. Before bed, she soaks in a lavender bubble bath.
Scirocco also takes medications, but she feels the aromatherapy gives her that extra edge on pain. Researchers are still investigating aromatherapy, and a few small studies suggest positive benefits. In one study, researchers found that aromatherapy can reduce pain and depression in those with arthritis. Another small study in the Journal of Muscle and Joint Health found that aromatherapy could lower joint pain, swelling, and tenderness in people with rheumatoid arthritis.
THC Cream
Phillip Sutton, 61, of Woodland Hills, California, has osteoarthritis in his neck that's complicated by a bone spur. For the past two years, his pain level has been interfering with work and his social activities.
"I tried everything," he says. That includes massage, chiropractic manipulation, and other procedures. Still, his pain level remained at a stubborn 8 out of 10.
Recently, Sutton tried a cream containing THC, the active ingredient in marijuana. "I rub it in twice a day," he says. "It seems to be helping. I don't have the severe pain anymore."
Research about the effect of marijuana on chronic pain has been accumulating. A June 2015 study review in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that marijuana does appear effective at reducing pain.
Massage and Attention to Diet
Mark Rucker, 47, an attorney in Lexington, Kentucky, says the pain from his rheumatoid arthritis could reach a 9 or 10 on a 1 to 10 scale. "There were some days I couldn't move my jaw to eat," he says.
Now, Rucker has discovered the pain-relieving power of the massage. "For me, it works,'' he says. "I'm a regular with massage — I go at least once a month. It seems to help my joints, and it relaxes me. I consider that part of my therapy. I usually do an hour."
He believes that the relaxation he feels translates to less stress. And being less stressed may affect how you experience the pain, he says. A recent study review found that massage can reduce shoulder and knee pain, at least in the short term.
RELATED: 6 Life-Changing Tips From People Living With Arthritis
Rucker notes that he's also paying more attention to his diet. "I've started to cut out foods that cause inflammation," he says. He now avoids foods that a food analysis showed he may be allergic to.
Although changes to your diet can't cure arthritis, eating an anti-inflammatory diet similar to the Mediterranean diet may help relieve some RA symptoms. Other diets that may help with arthritis symptoms include vegan or gluten-free plans. Research on how diet impacts RA is still emerging, but some studies — and people with arthritis — find that diet influences their symptoms. There are no studies to suggest what type of diet is best, however. People with RA who followed a vegan, gluten-free diet had modest improvement in their arthritis symptoms, according to one small 2008 study in Arthritis Research & Therapy. Some people with RA may also have gluten sensitivity, which can cause gut inflammation that could be relieved by following a gluten-free diet. These diets might help relieve some arthritis symptoms because they promote healthy eating habits and whole foods, and they avoid highly processed, fried, or sugar-packed items, which trigger inflammation.
Now that Rucker's RA symptoms are under better control, he plans on competing in his second Ironman competition in Florida this November.
Lori-Ann Holbrook (left) uses yoga to relieve her psoriatic arthritis pain. Mike Clark (right) finds that exercise and supplements help his osteoarthritis pain.
Pills aren't the preferred route to pain relief for Lori-Ann Holbrook, 47, of Jersey City, New Jersey. "You end up taking a lot of pills for not very much relief," she says. Holbrook was diagnosed in 2012 with psoriatic arthritis after her pain level sometimes reached a 10, she says.
But these days, Holbrook is on medications, her arthritis is in remission, and her pain level is a 2.
Her best pain reliever is Hatha yoga, a series of postures aimed at opening body channels so energy will flow freely. "It helps with range of motion. When the body is able to move, you don't have as much pain," she says. To achieve pain relief, Holbrook gets in about 30 minutes of yoga each day.
Some small studies have shown that yoga can help decrease pain, fatigue, swelling, and arthritis flares, though research is still in its early stages. In a 2009 study in Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, women who took three 75-minute yoga classes a week for 10 weeks reported feeling less pain and depression.
Shop around for the yoga type that suits you best, Holbrook says. The first yoga class she tried was too fast-paced, so Hatha is a better choice for her, she says.
Stretching, Leg Lifts, SAMe, Tumeric
Mike Clark, 62, of Rancho Palos Verdes, California, developed osteoarthritis in his knees starting about 12 years ago. First one knee developed problems, then the other followed suit. But it hasn't slowed down this avid tennis player and swimmer, even though the pain can be intense.
"If I walk a long way, the pain can be a 6 or 7 on a scale of 1 to 10," he says. The pain level also varies with the temperature and humidity, he finds. Cool air with high humidity is the worst-case weather scenario for his knees.
His new strategy for pain relief involves no prescription medicines. Instead, Clark does pre-exercise stretches to warm up his aching knees. He also does light leg lifts to strengthen the muscles around his knees, and takes SAMe and turmeric supplements.
Research on SAMe (short for S-Adenosyl-L-methionine) shows that it may help relieve inflammation and pain in those with osteoarthritis. Some studies show that it's comparable to over-the-counter and prescription medicines like Celebrex and nabumetone, according to the Arthritis Foundation. Evidence for the pain-relieving properties of turmeric — one of the spices that gives Indian curry its flavor — is less convincing.
But anecdotal stories like Clark's show some success: With the help of his plan, he still fits in two doubles tennis matches weekly, playing for about six hours total, and tries to swim every day.
Even if you're not into yoga or aromatherapy, an unexpected addition to your routine could help relieve some pain. Remember to always check with your healthcare provider to make sure supplements or alternate treatments fit in safely with your treatment regimen.
Sign up for our Chronic Pain Newsletter!
The Latest in Arthritis
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By Michael Dolan October 9, 2020
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By Quinn Phillips May 6, 2020
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Your Everyday Guide to Living Well With Psoriatic Arthritis


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2021 AFL: Round 18 Betting Picks
Jake Smit
Round 18 of the 2021 Australian Football League (AFL) is on the cards this weekend with another nine games set to play out. Catch our best betting picks for all games right here!
AFL Round 18 Betting Picks
GWS Giants vs Sydney Swans
Mars Stadium, Friday 11:45pm ET
GWS looked on their way to victory last weekend when they led the lowly Gold Coast Suns by 15 points at three-quarter time, however, the Giants managed to score just six points in the final term and were overrun by the Suns who ended up taking home the chocolates by one point. As a result, the Giants are two points outside the top eight.
Sydney continued their thoroughly impressive bounce-back season with an unlikely win on the road against the Western Bulldogs in Round 17. The Swans defense was as good as any team's has been all season long as they held their opponents to 60 points en route to a 19-point win. The Swans are now just four points outside the top four.
These cross-town rivals have had some fantastic battles over the past couple of years which has seen two of their last three meetings be decided by just two points. However, the form of the Swans at the moment makes them the deserved favorites to get revenge on the Giants who beat them 71-69 earlier in the season. We have the Swans doing just that and covering the small two-goal spread in the process.
UNDER 155.5 POINTS (-110 AT POINTSBET)
North Melbourne vs Essendon Bombers
Marvel Stadium, Saturday 11:10pm ET
North Melbourne have continued to improve as the season has progressed and that was clearly evident when they shocked the West Coast Eagles on the road on Sunday night (ET). The Kangaroos went into that away fixture as the big underdogs but were able to grind out a 10-point win to take their tally to three wins for the season.
Essendon have also continued to get better with each and every game and were able to record third 60+ point win of the season last weekend when destroying the Crows 84-21. The Bombers have quickly turned into one of the most exciting teams to watch in the competition and are now a legitimate chance to play finals as they currently sit just one win outside the top eight.
Not many would've thought that a North Melbourne vs Essendon clash this season could be one of the better games of the round, but that's what this Round 18 fixture is shaping up as. Both teams have managed to hit the scoreboard a lot more than they did at the start of the season and these teams also have a knack of having high-scoring battles against each other. With that in mind, we have the total points eclipsing the current line of 157.5 as one of our better bets of the weekend.
OVER 157.5 POINTS (-110 AT POINTSBET)
Collingwood Magpies vs Carlton Blues
MCG, Sunday 1:20am ET
Collingwood have had a really tough season by all accounts, but last weekend was a positive one for them as they got their first win under new coach Robert Harvey when defeating the Tigers by 16 points. The Magpies played an exhilarating final term that will have fans expecting another good showing this weekend.
Carlton went into their Round 17 clash with the Cats after two really good wins in a row, but couldn't make it three on the spin as they fell 44-70. Despite the loss, it was another decent building block for the Blues who remain just two wins outside the top eight with six games to play.
These old rivals certainly aren't at the peak of their powers, but they do both come into this clash in some competitive form. It's highly unlikely that either club will finish in the top eight although stranger things have happened. In our opinion, the Magpies have been building really nicely over the past seven games with the worst loss during that span being a 12-point loss to the Dockers. As long as they come to play once again, then we have them taking care of the Blues in a tight contest.
COLLINGWOOD MAGPIES 1-39 (+130 AT POINTSBET)
All AFL R18 Picks
Fremantle Dockers vs Geelong Cats (Thursday 6:10am ET)
Richmond Tigers vs Brisbane Lions (Friday 5:50am ET)
Brisbane Lions 1-39 (+100 at PointsBet)
GWS Giants vs Sydney Swans (Friday 11:45pm ET)
Sydney Swans -11.5 (-110 at PointsBet)
Gold Coast Suns vs Western Bulldogs (Saturday 2:35am ET)
Western Bulldogs -25.5 (-110 at PointsBet)
Melbourne Demons vs Hawthorn Hawks (Saturday 2:35am ET)
Melbourne Demons 40+ (-110 at PointsBet)
St Kilda Saints vs Port Adelaide Power (Saturday 5:25am ET)
St Kilda Saints H2H (+100 at PointsBet)
North Melbourne vs Essendon Bombers (Saturday 11:10pm ET)
Collingwood Magpies vs Carlton Blues (Sunday 1:20am ET)
Adelaide Crows vs West Coast Eagles (Sunday 2:40am ET)
West Coast Eagles -7.5 (-110 at PointsBet)
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text:
Widow who remarries does not lose rights over late husband's property
Published on July 23, 2015 October 14, 2015 By Editor
Bombay High Court: In a judgment, a bench comprising of VM Kanade and CB Colabawalla, JJ has ruled that a widow, even after she has remarried, has the rights over her former husband's properties. In the present case, the petition was filed by a man against his former sister-in-law who had claimed the right over her deceased husband's properties after she married another man.
The brother of the deceased relied on the provisions of the Hindu Widows' Re-marriage Act, 1856, which stated the limited right and interest which a widow had in her deceased husband's property would cease to exist if she remarries without express permission, and the next heirs of her deceased husband, or other persons entitled to the property, shall thereupon succeed to the same.
The Court ruled that provisions of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 would prevail over the repealed Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856. There was no provision in the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 which was pari materia with section 2 of the Hindu Widows' Re-Marriage Act, 1856. The Court further observed that even after remarriage she would qualify as Class I heir and the husband's kin would still be a Class II heir. It was further observed that a woman doesn't lose rights over her dead husband's properties – moveable and immoveable even if she remarries. Sanjay Purshottam Patankar vs. Prajakta Pramnod Patil, 2015 SCC OnLine Bom 3487, decided on 25th June, 2015
Tagged with: property
Written by Editor
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Utt HC | Law provides a remedy at two stages, one before authority concerned and later before appellate authority, both must be fair and in compliance with the norms of natural justice
By Devika Sharma	Published on September 16, 2019 September 20, 2019
Case BriefsTribunals/Commissions/Regulatory Bodies
Existence of an 'agreement' is a sine qua non to prove contravention of Section 3 of Competition Act, 2002
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Jaswant bohra Feb 27, 2019
So usefull


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In 1959 several West African members of the French Community formed the Mali Federation. Although the federation initially included Senegal, French Sudan, Upper Volta, and Dahomey, all but Senegal and French Sudan withdrew quickly under pressure from Houphouët-Boigny, who regarded the federation's desire for independence from France as a threat to the economic development of the former French colonies. Nonetheless, the federation gained independence in June 1960 and split into the two independent nations of Senegal and Mali.
Meanwhile, to counterbalance the Mali Federation, HouphouëtBoigny in 1959 successfully convinced several other West African leaders to form the Council of the Entente (Conseil de l'Entente-- Entente)--a loose grouping that included Niger, Dahomey (presentday Benin), Upper Volta (present-day Burkina Faso), and Côte d'Ivoire--to pool their resources for economic development.
Houphouët-Boigny's argument against independence quickly lost its appeal among other members of the French Community following the independence of Senegal and Mali. In addition, in early 1960 the French government sponsored an amendment to the 1958 constitution that permitted community members to gain complete independence but remain within the community. Houphouët-Boigny was opposed to this reconstituted community, which he considered a new federation, and in August 1960 Côte d'Ivoire withdrew from the community and became independent. Houphouët-Boigny was the first head of state.
On October 31, 1960, the National Assembly of Côte d'Ivoire adopted a constitution establishing an independent republic. Those involved in the drafting of the Constitution, including HouphouëtBoigny and other PDCI members, wanted to establish a strong and stable government based on democratic principles. They also wanted a presidential system based on the separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches of government and an independent judiciary. In practice, however, a gap developed between the democratic principles written into the Constitution and political practice. The PDCI leadership equated national unity with unanimous support for the PDCI and believed that competition among political parties would waste resources and destroy unity. Therefore, election provisions made it almost impossible for another party to win seats in the National Assembly. As the sole political party, the PDCI came to exercise political control over all branches of government.
By the late 1960s, power was concentrated in the hands of Houphouët-Boigny, who, in addition to his position as president, was also titular president of the PDCI. Loyal colleagues received positions of authority within the police and armed forces, as well as in the government and PDCI. Philippe Yacé, who held the positions of secretary general of the PDCI and president of the National Assembly, was the second most powerful figure in Côte d'Ivoire. The president appointed the administrative heads of the 6 departments (départements), 24 prefectures (préfectures), and 107 subprefectures (souspréfectures ), which constituted the administration of Côte d'Ivoire. Houphouët-Boigny also selected the thirty-five members of the Economic and Social Council (Conseil Economique et Social), a government body, and, with the Political Bureau, chose the members of the National Assembly.
Houphouët-Boigny further consolidated his power by circumscribing the prerogatives of the National Assembly. Presidential and PDCI control of assembly membership precluded an independent or opposition role by the assembly in the decision-making process. At the same time, the existence of an assembly with responsibility for approving proposed laws legitimized the government's democratic pretensions. Moreover, the PDCI used the assembly as a means of co-opting potential government opponents and securing their loyalty by providing deputies with a variety of privileges and amenities. Finally, the government channeled its major decisions through the assembly to the ethnic and interest groups that its members supposedly represented, thereby again giving the appearance of legitimate government.
Houphouët-Boigny also took steps to ensure the new regime's security. Although Côte d'Ivoire had no military until more than a year after independence, one was finally organized and strengthened with French assistance. Ivoirian members of the French colonial marine infantry who had been born in Côte d'Ivoire were transferred to Abidjan in October 1961 and formed the core of the first battalion. By late 1962, the military comprised about 5,300 soldiers organized into four battalions.


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Ryusuke Hamaguchi
Akihisa Yamamoto Jin Suzuki Keiji Okumura Misaki Kawamura Osamu Kubota Sachio Matsushita Tsuyoshi Goro Yoshito Nakabe
Haruki Murakami Ryusuke Hamaguchi Takamaka Oe
Hidetoshi Nishijima Jin Daeyeon Masaki Okada Park Yoo-Rim Reika Kirishima Satoko Abe Sonia Yuan Toko Miura
ドライブ・マイ・カー | Doraibu Mai Ka
2021 • Drama • Japan • Dir. Ryusuke Hamaguchi
Reviewed by Calvin McMillin | Nov 21, 2021
What's your favorite Haruki Murakami adaptation? Over the last forty years, there have been only a handful of choices to consider, a list that includes Kazuo Imori's 'Hear the Song of the Wind' (1981), Jun Ichikawa's 'Tony Takitani' (2004), Tran Ahn Hung's 'Norwegian Wood' (2010), Daishi Matsunaga's 'Hanalei Bay' (2018), and Lee Chang-dong's 'Burning' (2018). Of these initial five films, I hold 'Tony Takitani' and 'Burning' in high esteem. Both honor their source material while also offering original interpretations that take Murakami's ideas in exciting new directions. For example, the two main actors in 'Tony Takitani'—Issey Ogata and Rie Miyazawa—play dual roles, immediately altering the way we perceive their respective characters, while the setting of 'Burning' moves the events of the short story "Barn Burning" from Japan to South Korea, resulting in a complete reinvention of the characters and their motivations. In 2021, the sixth addition to the list of Murakami film adaptations arrived in the form of Ryusuke Hamaguchi's 'Drive My Car', which went on to win three awards at the Cannes Film Festival including Best Screenplay. While employing very different methods than his directorial predecessors, Hamaguchi offers yet another original take on Murakami, one that rivals and perhaps even surpasses them all.
In truth, 'Drive My Car' is both a beautiful adaptation and a clever expansion of Haruki Murakami's short story of the same name from the 2014 collection 'Men Without Women'. Through the extended metaphor of driving, Hamaguchi crafts a subtle and involving examination of the various blind spots, car crashes, detours, and dead ends that we all must face on the road of life. Ultimately, 'Drive My Car' is a film about the search for a reason to keep going—all without an intended destination in sight or our preferred travelling companion beside us.
The film's prologue could exist as an involving drama all on its own. In this extended pre-title sequence, the focus is entirely on the relationship between theatre actor-turned-stage director Yusuke Kafuku (Hidetoshi Nishijima) and his TV writer wife Oto (Reiko Kirishima). After several decades together, the two have settled into a comfortable, intimate, and—by all appearances—committed marital existence. But nothing is quite what it seems.
One fateful day, Kafuku returns home unexpectedly and stumbles upon Oto in the middle of a sexual tryst with TV actor Koji Takatsuki (Masaki Okada). Rather than make a scene and confront his wife about her infidelity, our protagonist quietly retreats, fleeing their apartment and never once broaching the subject. The mental anguish of maintaining the façade of normalcy eventually catches up to Kafuku, resulting in an unexpected traffic collision. While Kafuku emerges uninjured from the car accident, his doctor diagnoses him with glaucoma—a literal blind spot that takes on significant metaphorical implications.
At the end of the prologue, after various opportunities, Kafuku has the perfect chance to confront the figurative blind spot in his marriage when Oto tells him point blank that she needs to talk. However, by the time Kafuku returns home for their planned heart-to-heart, he finds his wife's body on the floor. Whatever she intended to tell him will remain forever unsaid, as she dies of natural causes. Throughout the prologue, the theme of communication—whether direct, indirect, or unspoken—becomes increasingly prominent.
The film then jumps ahead two years with the now-widowed Kafuku arriving in Hiroshima to put on a multilingual production of Anton Chekhov's 'Uncle Vanya'. To protect their investment, the theatre company hires the stoic Misaki Watari (Tōko Miura) to chauffeur Kafuku around Hiroshima in his red Saab 900. The tentative, quietly emerging friendship between passenger and driver serves as the beating heart of 'Drive My Car'. Although more than a few male protagonists in Murakami's work find their lives changed by mysterious, worldly women or preternaturally wise young girls, Hamaguchi has no interest in reducing Misaki to a cliché. If anything, the director stays true to Murakami's description of her character in the short story, while also deepening her inner life and providing a backstory that is both tragic and wholly believable. Misaki is quietly proficient at her job, incisive in her observations, and yet deeply wounded by life in ways that match Kafuku's own secret scars.
As a point of reference, 'Drive My Car' shares narrative DNA with 'Tony Takitani' (both the short story and the film), as they each deal with a widower who must come to terms with both his spouse's sudden death and the aftermath of her impulsive behavior—a shopping addiction in the case of 'Tony Takitani'. Both characters go to great lengths to deal with their grief. In 'Tony Takitani', the title character attempts to hire a personal assistant but with the condition that she wear all his wife's unworn clothes as a uniform. In 'Drive My Car', Kafuku casts Oto's former paramour as the lead in 'Uncle Vanya', despite being obviously unsuited for the role. Is Kafuku attempting to torture his former rival? Or is he trying to find out what his wife saw in the guy beyond his youthful good looks? Or does our protagonist harbor an unconscious desire to mold Takatsuki into a respected actor in his own image? Whatever his intentions, Kafuku never really tells us, and his experiment turns out to be as doomed as Tony Takitani's, although not for the reasons you might expect.
But even if we leave aside the uneasy master-apprentice relationship between Kafuku and Takatsuki, the film's "play-within-a-play" structure is rich with meaning. First, it should be noted that Kafuku's version of 'Uncle Vanya' is performed by actors who communicate in Japanese, Mandarin, Korean, Tagalog, and even Korean Sign Language. However, the cast members do not understand each other and must practice daily to learn the rhythms of their peers; in fact, if they have any questions about the text, they must communicate through a third-party intermediary. Thus, Kafuku's staging of the play explores the limits of true understanding while also suggesting that genuine moments of connection can transcend language or even the spoken word. The cast's desire to connect with one another parallels not only the interactions between Kafuku and his taciturn driver but also several moments he shared with his late wife. Before Oto's death, she attempted to admit her guilt by describing the strange plot of a TV drama she was writing. However, her ostensible confession came to nothing because Kafuku refused to probe any further, despite possessing some inkling of what lay hidden beneath her cover story.
Hamaguchi also uses 'Uncle Vanya' to comment on the very nature of art itself. Despite being associated with the title role, Kafuku refuses to play the part of Vanya for the Hiroshima production. The experience of inhabiting that character is grueling for him, and some of the lines hit too close to home in the wake of his wife's infidelity and death. Without spoiling the outcome of this particular plot thread, 'Drive My Car' is also very much about how the medium of art (as either a creator or a consumer of it) often makes us come face-to-face-with bitter truths about our lives, ones that we would normally shy away from—and how that can be a scary, even dangerous proposition for our psyches. However, the experience can also be therapeutic and ultimately valuable, but only if we are willing to take the risk. Yes, sitting down to watch a movie is a leisure activity that can provide viewers with a much-needed feeling of escapism, but in the end, we can never really escape ourselves.
All told, 'Drive My Car' runs just shy of three hours, but it feels so much shorter. Despite the many details I have dropped, this review only scratches the surface of what the film has to offer. To give one brief example, supporting actor Park Yoo-rim delivers a moving performance as a deaf actress in 'Uncle Vanya', and an unexpected detour involving her character provides an alternative pathway in life for both Kafuku and Misaki to admire—and perhaps emulate. Beyond this, there are additional secrets, both big and small, to be uncovered. In the end, Ryusuke Hamaguchi proves himself to be as skilled a director as Misaki is a driver. To paraphrase a line from the film, the experience of watching 'Drive My Car' was so smooth that I forgot all about the three-hour run time, the other people in the theater, or the very fact that I was watching a movie at all. I just sat back and enjoyed the ride. Maybe you will, too.
Calvin McMillin
Calvin McMillin is a longtime fan of Asian cinema and has written reviews for LoveHKFilm and Birth.Movies.Death. He is the author of The Sushi Bar at the Edge of Forever and the editor of Frank Chin's The Confessions of a Number One Son. You can find Calvin on Twitter @roninonempty
Latest posts by Calvin McMillin (see all)
Fish Story - December 10, 2021
Drive My Car - November 21, 2021
Parasite - July 12, 2019
The Real Iron Monkey
Love Au Zen
The Shaolin Plot


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Accueil [1–10] << 11 12 13 14 >>
Auteur Dueri, S.; Bopp, L.; Maury, O.
Titre Projecting the impacts of climate change on skipjack tuna abundance and spatial distribution Type Article scientifique
Année 2014 Publication Revue Abrégée Global Change Biology
Mots-Clés Apecosm-E; Atlantic Ocean; global warming; Indian Ocean; Katsuwonus pelamis; Pacific Ocean; scenario; Tropical tuna
Résumé Climate-induced changes in the physical, chemical, and biological environment are expected to increasingly stress marine ecosystems, with important consequences for fisheries exploitation. Here, we use the APECOSM-E numerical model (Apex Predator ECOSystem Model – Estimation) to evaluate the future impacts of climate change on the physiology, spatial distribution, and abundance of skipjack tuna, the worldwide most fished species of tropical tuna. The main novelties of our approach lie in the mechanistic link between environmental factors, metabolic rates, and behavioral responses and in the fully three dimensional representation of habitat and population abundance. Physical and biogeochemical fields used to force the model are provided by the last generation of the IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model run from 1990 to 2100 under a &8216;business-as-usual&8217; scenario (RCP8.5). Our simulations show significant changes in the spatial distribution of skipjack tuna suitable habitat, as well as in their population abundance. The model projects deterioration of skipjack habitat in most tropical waters and an improvement of habitat at higher latitudes. The primary driver of habitat changes is ocean warming, followed by food density changes. Our projections show an increase of global skipjack biomass between 2010 and 2050 followed by a marked decrease between 2050 and 2095. Spawning rates are consistent with population trends, showing that spawning depends primarily on the adult biomass. On the other hand, growth rates display very smooth temporal changes, suggesting that the ability of skipjack to keep high metabolic rates in the changing environment is generally effective. Uncertainties related to our model spatial resolution, to the lack or simplification of key processes and to the climate forcings are discussed.
Numéro d'Appel LL @ pixluser @ collection 327
Auteur Zupa, R.; Fauvel, C.; Mylonas, C.C.; Pousis, C.; Santamaria, N.; Papadaki, M.; Fakriadis, I.; Cicirelli, V.; Mangano, S.; Passantino, L.; Lacalandra, G.M.; Corriero, A.
Titre Rearing in captivity affects spermatogenesis and sperm quality in greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810) Type Article scientifique
Année 2017 Publication Revue Abrégée J. Anim. Sci.
Volume 95 Numéro 9 Pages 4085-4100
Mots-Clés acute stress; apoptosis; atlantic bluefin tuna; cultured fish; germ cell apoptosis; germ cell proliferation; germ-cell proliferation; greater amberjack; Marine fish; Motility; ovarian-steroid production; rearing in captivity; reproductive-biology; Seriola dumerili; Sperm quality; thunnus-thynnus l.
Résumé The greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810), is a promising candidate for the diversification of European aquaculture production, but inconsistent reproduction in captivity prevents commercial production. Recent studies showed that greater amberjack confined in sea cages exhibited scarce gonad development and early interruption of gametogenic activity during the reproductive season. The aim of the present study was to improve our understanding of the observed impairment of spermatogenesis. Adult wild and captive-reared males were sampled during 3 different phases of the reproductive cycle: early gametogenesis (EARLY; late April to early May), advanced gametogenesis (ADVANCED; late May to early June), and spawning (SPAWNING; late June to July). Spermatogonial stem cells and proliferating germ cells were identified through the immunohistochemical localization of Pou5f1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, respectively. Apoptotic germ cells were identified throughout the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nick end labeling method. Sperm quality of captive-reared fish was evaluated using computer-assisted sperm analysis. Captive-reared males exhibited seminiferous lobules of a smaller diameter, a precocious and progressive decrease of spermatogonial mitosis, and a high level of apoptosis at the beginning of the reproductive season, concomitant with a many-fold higher 17 beta-estradiol plasma concentration. The motile spermatozoa percentage of captive greater amberjack was lower than in other teleosts, and a drastic decrease of spermatozoa motility duration, velocity, and ATP content occurred along the reproductive season. An abnormal increase of sperm concentration as well as an increase of dead spermatozoa occurred during the SPAWNING phase, probably because of lack of sperm hydration and ejaculation and consequent sperm ageing. The present study demonstrates the extreme susceptibility of greater amberjack to rearing stress and underscores the need for improvement of the rearing and handling procedures to ameliorate gametogenesis dysfunctions in commercial aquaculture production.
Numéro d'Appel MARBEC @ alain.herve @ collection 2210
Auteur Dhurmeea, Z.; Zudaire, I.; Chassot, E.; Cedras, M.; Nikolic, N.; Bourjea, J.; West, W.; Appadoo, C.; Bodin, N.
Titre Reproductive Biology of Albacore Tuna (Thunnus alalunga) in the Western Indian Ocean Type Article scientifique
Année 2016 Publication Revue Abrégée Plos One
Volume 11 Numéro 12 Pages e0168605
Mots-Clés Fecundity; Histology; Indian Ocean; Latitude; Marine fish; Oocytes; Ovaries; Tuna
Résumé The reproductive biology of albacore tuna, Thunnus alalunga, in the western Indian Ocean was examined through analysis of the sex ratio, spawning season, length-at-maturity (L50), spawning frequency and fecundity. From 2013 to 2015, a total of 923 female and 867 male albacore were sampled. A bias in sex ratio was found in favor of females with fork length (LF) < 100 cm. Using histological analyses and gonadosomatic index, spawning was found to occur between 10°S and 30°S, mainly to the east of Madagascar from October to January. Large females contributed more to reproduction through their longer spawning period compared to small individuals. The L50 (mean ± standard error) of female albacore was estimated at 85.3 ± 0.7 cm LF. Albacore spawn on average every 2.2 days within the spawning region and spawning months, from November to January. Batch fecundity ranged between 0.26 and 2.09 million oocytes and the relative batch fecundity (mean ± standard deviation) was estimated at 53.4 ± 23.2 oocytes g-1 of somatic-gutted weight. The study provides new information on the reproductive development and classification of albacore in the western Indian Ocean. The reproductive parameters will reduce uncertainty in current stock assessment models which will eventually assist the fishery to be sustainable for future generations.
Auteur Nikolic, N.; Morandeau, G.; Hoarau, L.; West, W.; Arrizabalaga, H.; Hoyle, S.; Nicol, S.J.; Bourjea, J.; Puech, A.; Farley, J.H.; Williams, A.J.; Fonteneau, A.
Titre Review of albacore tuna, Thunnus alalunga, biology, fisheries and management Type Article scientifique
Année 2016 Publication Revue Abrégée Rev Fish Biol Fisheries
Volume Numéro Pages 1-36
Mots-Clés Albacore; Tuna; Thunnus alalunga; Biology; Fishery
Résumé Albacore is one of the most important commercially harvested species in the world's oceans. Despite a long history of scientific research, there is no global review or synthesis of knowledge about the species across all oceanic regions. We analysed 613 published studies that report on albacore and summarize the current state of knowledge on biology, stock structure, fisheries and management. To describe the trends in albacore fisheries, we examined the catch and effort databases of Regional Fisheries Management Organisations. The stocks of albacore are generally largest in the Pacific Ocean and smallest in the Mediterranean Sea. The biology of Atlantic and Pacific Ocean stocks are well documented, while the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea stocks are more data deficient. These two latter areas should be considered as priorities for future research and data collection in order to better understand the state of global stocks of albacore tuna. Improved information would also assist with delineating stock boundaries needed for sustainable management of this species.
ISSN 0960-3166, 1573-5184 ISBN Médium
Auteur Sardenne, F.; Diaha, N.'G.C.; Amande, M.J.; Zudaire, I.; Couturier, L.I.E.; Metral, L.; Le Grand, F.; Bodin, N.
Titre Seasonal habitat and length influence on the trophic niche of co-occurring tropical tunas in the eastern Atlantic Ocean Type Article scientifique
Année 2019 Publication Revue Abrégée Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
Volume 76 Numéro 1 Pages 69-80
Mots-Clés lipids; top predators; pacific-ocean; thunnus-albacares; stable-isotope analyses; western; vertical movements; bigeye tuna; vinciguerria-nimbaria; yellowfin tuna
Résumé In the Gulf of Guinea, bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus; BET) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares; YFT) are an important part of commercial fisheries and play a prominent ecological role as top predators. Using fatty acid profiles and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, we examined their trophic niche partitioning in this understudied region. Trophic niche overlap was high (> 70%), similar to percentages in other ocean basins. BET occupied a higher trophic position than YFT and fed on deeper prey (high delta N-15 values and high proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids). The trophic position of YFT decreased slightly in the last 15 years (delta N-15 values decreased by similar to 0.5 parts per thousand), suggesting a change in epipelagic communities, as observed in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Ontogenic changes were limited to BET. For both species, the dietary proportion of the diatom marker 20:5(n-3) increased in the seasonal upwelling area, highlighting the influence of seasonal habitat on the diet of tuna. The relatively lipid-rich muscle (similar to 6% dry mass) of Atlantic tropical tuna suggests a richer diet in this region than that of Indian Ocean tropical tuna and (or) differences in energy allocation strategies.


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Processing plants all across the country are reporting a backlog of parcels waiting to be delivered. This is all thanks to the Canada Post strike by disgruntled employees that has left hundreds of trailers unmoved all across the Canada. The strike so close to the holiday season could hurt holiday and Black Friday deliveries.
The reports as at November 14 showed Canada Post plants in Vancouver and Toronto with 100 and 260 trailers, respectively, waiting to be unloaded.
With some of the biggest shopping days of the year being only a days away, the current situation is concerning for Canada Post.
Consequently, Canada Post is tabling an offer to the Canadian Union of Postal Workers that they hope is significant enough to rectify the situation as this is currently the only offer the company states it can afford.
The current offer is worth approximately 650 million Canadian dollars and includes a 2% per annum pay increases, a 10 million dollar health, and safety fund.
The improved offer, however, is said to not be on the table for long, as the same expired, as it is only contingent on the current backlogs being cleared in time for the holidays. Who knows what's next.
Should the situation remain as is, the current backlog coupled with the expected orders will result in a total mess.
a Canada Post representative stated.
The prolonged Canada Post strike has thus far shut down most of Manitoba and are currently affecting the provinces of Edmonton, New Brunswick, Victoria, and Ontario. And let's not even go to the delays with Canada Post delivering weed!
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China confirms arrest of Australian writer, faces spying charges
Chinese-Australian writer and political commentator Yang Hengjun, who was detained by China in January, has been formally arrested on suspicion of spying, Beijing confirmed on Tuesday.
The 54-year-old Yang had been under investigation for "harming" China's national security and was arrested on August 23 on suspicion of committing crimes of espionage.
Australian Foreign Affairs Minister Marise Payne said the government efforts to gain additional information had been difficult.
"The government is very concerned and disappointed to learn that Australian citizen and academic Yang Hengjun was formally arrested in China on suspicion of espionage on 23 August and will continue to be criminally detained," she said.
"Our thoughts are with Dr Yang and his family at this very difficult time. Yang has been held in Beijing in harsh conditions without charge for more than seven months.
"Since that time, China has not explained the reasons for Dr Yang's detention, nor has it allowed him access to his lawyers or family visits," the minister was quoted as saying by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC.
She said consular staff had been approved for another visit to Yang on Tuesday.
"We have serious concerns for Dr Yang's welfare, and about the conditions under which he is being been held. We have expressed these in clear terms to the Chinese authorities," she said.
"I respectfully reiterate my previous requests that if Dr Yang is being held for his political beliefs, he should be released," she added.
In Beijing, China's foreign ministry on Tuesday said Yang is suspected of engaging in criminal activities that endanger the country's security.
Yang was formally arrested Friday by the Beijing branch of China's National Security Bureau on "suspicion of espionage," ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said.
"The Chinese state security organs handled the case according to law and fully guaranteed the various rights of Yang Jun. Yang Jun is currently in good health," Geng told reporters at a briefing.
He also expressed China's "strong dissatisfaction with Australia's statement on the case."
"The Australian side should earnestly respect China's judicial sovereignty and must not intervene in China's handling of the case in any way," he asserted.
Under the Chinese law, the penalties for espionage charges range from three years in jail to the death penalty.
Yang had been living with his family in New York, where he was a visiting scholar at the Columbia University.
He flew to the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou with his wife and child in January this year.
Yang's family were allowed to board their connecting flight to Shanghai, but authorities escorted him from the airport, the ABC report said.
Yang is the latest in a string of foreign nationals to be arrested in China and charged with espionage. Two Canadians, former diplomat Michael Kovrig and businessman Michael Spavor, were detained in December.
China has denied the detention of the two men is linked to Canada's arrest of a senior Huawei official, Meng Wanzhou. Meng is the daughter of Chinese telecom giant Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei.
Australian writer Yang Hengjun charged with 'spying' in China, arrested
China says it remains committed to 'one country, two systems' policy
Don't play with fire, China tells Hong Kong protesters
UN Security Council agrees to extend political mission in Afghanistan after overcoming veto threat by China
China says won't tolerate national security threats in Hong Kong – Times of India
« Now Pakistan can barely save PoK: Bilawal Bhutto attacks Imran Khan » Helping reduce Indo-Pak tension one of five 'big takeaways' from G7 Summit: White House
Three rockets hit near US embassy in Baghdad's high-security Green Zone: Sources
Benny Gantz insists on being Israel prime minister
Hong Kong extradition bill officially withdrawn, but move unlikely to end unrest
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Jon Rawlinson Productions » Blog Archive » Britney, Paris and Obama!
And now…the dumbest McCain ad yet. Nice try old man! Yes thats correct…NO OFFSHORE DRILLING!
President Bush and Republican presidential candidate John McCain have called this week for lifting a federal moratorium on offshore oil exploration, arguing that taking action to increase domestic oil supplies will help drive down prices.
But analysts say that renewed offshore drilling would have little impact on gas prices anytime soon.