text:
Robert Frost's "The Subverted Flower"
March 22, 2016 By upinvermont in Frost - Poems Discussed, Frost, Robert, Iambic Trimeter, Meter, Narrative Verse, Poetry, Rhyme, The Subverted Flower Tags: Subverted Flower: A Close Reading, Subverted Fower Analysis, The Subverted Flower	13 Comments
She drew back; he was calm:
'It is this that had the power.'
And he lashed his open palm
With the tender-headed flower.
He smiled for her to smile,
But she was either blind
Or willfully unkind.
He eyed her for a while
For a woman and a puzzle.
He flicked and flung the flower,
And another sort of smile
Caught up like fingertips
The corners of his lips
And cracked his ragged muzzle.
She was standing to the waist
In goldenrod and brake,
Her shining hair displaced.
He stretched her either arm
As if she made it ache
To clasp her – not to harm;
As if he could not spare
To touch her neck and hair.
'If this has come to us
And not to me alone -'
So she thought she heard him say;
Though with every word he spoke
His lips were sucked and blown
And the effort made him choke
Like a tiger at a bone.
She had to lean away.
She dared not stir a foot,
Lest movement should provoke
The demon of pursuit
That slumbers in a brute.
It was then her mother's call
From inside the garden wall
Made her steal a look of fear
To see if he could hear
And would pounce to end it all
Before her mother came.
She looked and saw the shame:
A hand hung like a paw,
An arm worked like a saw
As if to be persuasive,
An ingratiating laugh
That cut the snout in half,
And eye become evasive.
A girl could only see
That a flower had marred a man,
But what she could not see
Was that the flower might be
Other than base and fetid:
That the flower had done but part,
And what the flower began
Her own too meager heart
Had terribly completed.
She looked and saw the worst.
And the dog or what it was,
Obeying bestial laws,
A coward save at night,
Turned from the place and ran.
She heard him stumble first
And use his hands in flight.
She heard him bark outright.
And oh, for one so young
The bitter words she spit
Like some tenacious bit
That will not leave the tongue.
She plucked her lips for it,
And still the horror clung.
Her mother wiped the foam
From her chin, picked up her comb,
And drew her backward home.
This poem puzzles me in a number of ways, and that's probably because, as far as the poem goes, the reader isn't quite sure what to make of either protagonist. On the one hand, the boy, or man, is transformed into a beast with a "ragged muzzle", "a hand hung like a paw", and "a coward save at night". On the other, Frost goes on to warn us that this is how the girl, or woman, sees him (and perhaps not how we should see him): "…what the flower began/ Her own too meager heart/ Had terribly completed. / She looked and saw the worst."
On the subject of their age, I notice while reading what others have written, that the protagonists are frequently referred to as a man and a woman. Judith Oster, in her essay Frost's Poetry of Metaphor, chooses to read the poem as an inexperienced girl and boy (seemingly ignoring the narrator's own description of the "boy" as a "marred man"). Frost, though, makes a point of at least the girl's youth, referring to her as "one so young". I read that as meaning that she's rightly called a girl. Usually when we refer to a teen-aged girl we refer to her as just that—a teen-aged girl—and not a teen-aged woman. So I'm going to refer to her as a girl, probably in her mid teens. Not too young for a boy or man's (if we consider an eighteen or nineteen year old a man let's say) amorous and physical affections.
Frost writes that "He eyed her for a while / For a woman", but there's hedging in that statement. "For a woman" suggests that maybe she really wasn't. He wants to see her that way, he "eyed" her that way, but as the poem later suggests: she's either not old enough to be eyed that way or she herself, if old enough, is too naive or immature. Both are suggested by the line: "A girl could only see/ That a flower had marred a man…" In other words, a woman might have understood, might have seen otherwise, but a girl could only see "a marred man". So, my reading of their ages is that she's probably younger than him in age, or at least younger than him in maturity and experience—or both.
Frost's own statement concerning the poem suggests an autobiographical element. That doesn't mean he was portraying himself and Elinor (his wife), only that the poem might have been inspired by something, at some time, in their relationship. However, if one is going to argue that the poem is strictly autobiographical (which I wouldn't), then Elinor and Robert would have been the same age.
Another cautionary thought would be this: be careful not to anachronistically appraise their relationship (such as it was or wasn't). Liaisons between, say, a twenty year old "man" and a teen-aged "girl" were not considered grounds for statutory rape. On the other hand, while courting at this age was permissible, it was strictly proscribed. There might have been petting, if the couple was discreet in the extreme, but anything more could lead to considerable scandal, pregnancy and a shotgun wedding. So, my point would be: Don't assume that the man was looking for sex. At the time Frost wrote this, and from the "girl's" point of view, simply expecting a kiss (and a copped feel) might have been tantamount to sex (by her standards). Bottom line: don't assume that the man was trying to "rape" the girl. That interpretation is available, but I would be wary of making it.
And that brings me to Frost's own comment on the poem. I don't think he would have made it if he had thought of the man as a potential rapist. In a 1960 Paris Review Interview he had this to say:
[….}Another neglected poem, and an especially good one, is "Putting In the Seed."
That's—sure. They leave that sort of thing out; they overlook that sort of thing with me. The only person ever noticed that was a hearty old friend of mine down at the University of Pennsylvania, Cornelius Weygandt*. He said, "I know what that's about."
Do you ever read that poem in public?
No, I don't bother with those. No, there are certain ones. I wouldn't read "The Subverted Flower" to anybody outside. It isn't that I'm afraid of them, but I don't want them out. I'm shy about certain things in my books, they're more—I'd rather they'd be read. A woman asked me, "What do you mean by that 'subverted flower'?" I said, "Frigidity in women." She left.
So, if the point of the poem was to portray the man as a predator and the girl as a victim of sexual predation, then it strikes me as very unlikely (to put it mildly) that Frost would have characterized the poem's subject (and by extension the girl's behavior) as "frigidity". Does this mean it's all the girl's fault?
Many readers have been content to perceive the man just as the girl perceives him—a depraved rapist in the making (seemingly ignoring the poem's own warning). But the poem, like many of Frost's best, is a Rorschach test. Readers tend to read it in their own image. For example, if you do a search for "Subverted Flower" on the internet, one of the links cited will be a Masters Degree thesis written in 1958 by a John Thomas Trahey. Interestingly, Trahey's Master's Thesis was written while Frost still lived and before Frost's comment in the Paris Interview:
The poem "The Subverted Flower" is an instance of what Frost thinks of men who try to lead others into sexual sins. In the poem an adolescent boy tries to lead an adolescent girl into fornication. It is interesting to note that Frost keeps referring to the boy as if in his sexual habits he were a dog. It is evident Frost despises this sort of thing as fit only for brutes… [Trahey p. 32]
The PDF's introductory notes reveal that Trahey attended St. Ingatius High School, then went on to the Milford Novitiate of the Society of Jesus in Milford, Ohio, and then the Jesuit Philosophate at West Baden College. Notice a trend? Trahey was primed, by a rather religious environment, to read Frost's poem as an indictment of "sexual sin". Trahey was entirely wrong about "what Frost thinks" and utterly missed Frost's warning, but it's interesting in that it reflects a not uncommon reading of the poem.
But what about the opposite reading. Is it all the girl's fault? It might be a little unfortunate that Frost commented on the poem. Yeats always refused to do so and Frost was normally cagey or took a mischievous delight in leading readers down the primrose path. I take Frost at his word though; but I'd assert that his comment doesn't make the man any less ambiguous. The girl may be frigid, but I don't think Frost means us to discount her perception of the man as a kind of inarticulate brute.
Lines 1-4
She drew | back; he | was calm:
"It is this | that had | the power."
And he lashed| his o|pen palm
With the ten| der-hea|ded flower.
The underlying meter of the poem is iambic trimeter though the opening quatrain isn't regular enough to establish it. There are too many variant feet. I read the first two feet of the first line as spondees. The next three lines begin with anapests. The reader's ear has nowhere to land. At this point in his career Frost had already proven that he could write perfect iambics and had shown a willingness to run the colloquial expression against the grain of the meter. The effect of the unsettled meter could also be understood as underscoring the unsettled drama and emotions that open the poem. That is, the reader finds themselves in the middle of something that is already underway.
The girl draws back. The man lashes his open palm with the tender-headed flower. What has happened?
My own reading is that the girl has just given the flower to the man but something he's done and/or said makes her 'draw back'. We find ourselves in the middle of an argument. He says to her, as if in answer to a question or accusation: "It is this that had the power". We can't be certain that he's referring to the flower, but it's hard to not draw that conclusion.
What does he mean?
The use of the word power in reference to the flower (or any flower) is a strange collocation. The power of the flower is obviously symbolic. One might imagine that the girl asked: "What changed you?" Her erstwhile harmless companion is unrecognizable. To which the man answers: "It is this that had the power". The flower was a kind of invitation and, like the petals of the flower, suggested an opening and awakening. But it's evident that he has entirely misread the girl's intentions. She, like the flower, is tender-headed; and his all too masculine eagerness and impulsiveness is destructive. He lashes it in his open palm, a likely metaphor for the insensibility of his sexual impulses. In these four lines, then, the entirety of the poem is captured.
Lines 5-14
He smiled | for her | to smile,
But she | was ei|ther blind
Or will|fully |unkind.
He eyed |her for |a while
For a wo|man and |a puzzle.
He flicked |and flung |the flower,
And ano|ther sort |of smile
Caught up |like fing|ertips
The cor|ners of |his lips
And cracked |his rag|ged muzzle.
The next 10 lines reveal the man's own confusion, then a kind of resolve. A hostile confrontation isn't what the man intended. He smiles for her to smile, but she is either blind or willfully unkind. The fault seems to lie with the girl. Or does it? I think the lines are best understood not as reflecting the narrator's observations but those of the protagonist. It's the man who is confused and concludes that she's either ignorant (blind is an accusatory description—as though she ought to know) or malicious (willfully unkind). It doesn't seem to occur to him that she might be too young or inexperienced, or that her interests might not be sexual. He eyes for a woman; and for that reason, perhaps, as a puzzle. In other words: What did she mean by giving him a flower if it wasn't an overture? If a girl gives a man a flower, there's no confusion, but if a woman does so?
And another sort of smile [caught up his lips]…
A decision is made. He might have apologized, but instead, as I read it, he concludes that she's simply naive or innocent. He can forgive innocence. He doesn't eye her as a woman any more, but as a girl. And he'll explain himself. The narrator takes us in and out of both their perceptions. She sees his smile as one "caught up like fingertips"—false, deceptive and disingenuous—transformed into a ragged muzzle. He, on the other hand, sees her not as a woman, but as a girl:
She was stan|ding to| the waist
In gol|denrod |and brake,
Her shi|ning hair |displaced.
He sees in her the very picture of innocence. Only by her hair being "displaced"do we know that something is awry. This is not a perfect picture.
Lines 18-29
He stretched |her ei|ther arm
As if |she made |it ache
To clasp |her – not |to harm;
As if |he could |not spare
To touch |her neck |and hair.
"If this |has come| to us
And not |to me| alone -"
So she thought |she heard| him say;
Though with ev|ery word |he spoke
His lips |were sucked |and blown
And the ef|fort made| him choke
Like a ti|ger at |a bone.
He 'stretches her either arm', and by this I think the narrator means that he's taken her hands in his (having just flicked the flower away). In a sense, he means to trade one tender-headed flower for another, but the girl isn't so tender-headed as to miss the meaning in the flicked and flung flower. She won't be the next one flicked and flung aside. Her perception of the man continues to disfigure him. If the man's intention is to awaken her (or possibly seduce) and by this means make of her a woman, the effort both succeeds and backfires. That is, the woman she's becoming isn't the woman he intended.
He holds her hands, stretching her arms, when what he really wants is "to touch her neck and hair". He then makes the somewhat opaque comment: "If this has come to us/And not to me alone -" Which I read as meaning: 'If our affection is mutual, and not mine alone -' But even here we can't be sure: this is only what she thought 'she heard him say'. The interaction falls further and further into ambiguity. Her perception of him continues to transform him into a kind of Caliban-like beast, only half-capable of speech—an effort at dignity that makes him choke "like a tiger at a bone."
She had| to lean| away.
She dared |not stir| a foot,
Lest move|ment should| provoke
The dem|on of |pursuit
That slum|bers in |a brute.
She freezes, and the psychological astuteness of Frost's writing holds its own into the 21rst century. Consider the following Washington Post article:
…if the fear circuitry perceives escape as impossible and resistance as futile, then not fight or flight, but extreme survival reflexes (which scientists call "animal defense responses") will take over. These can activate automatically when the body is in a predator's grip – and when, as half of rape victims report, we fear death or serious injury. ¶ One such response is tonic immobility. In freezing, brain and body are primed for action. But in tonic immobility, the body is literally paralyzed by fear – unable to move, speak, or cry out.
What Frost is describing is a reaction that is pertinent to our modern day discussions of rape and sexual abuse. Again, none of this to say that Frost intended us to read the poem as attempted rape (or that the girl was truly in that kind of danger). It is to say, though, that this is how the girl felt; and that Frost beautifully captures it. She had to lean away, but she didn't. She was too afraid.
It was then |her mo|ther's call
From inside| the gar|den wall
Made her steal| a look| of fear
To see |if he| could hear
And would pounce| to end| it all
Before |her mo|ther came.
That her mother is so close by doesn't mean she isn't (or couldn't be) in danger, but does suggest that her fears (and reaction) might be disproportionate. That her mother is calling also suggests her youth.
She looked| and saw| the shame:
A hand |hung like| a paw,
An arm |worked like |a saw
As if |to be| persuasive,
An ingra|tia|ting laugh
That cut |the snout| in half,
And eye| become |evasive.
A girl |could on|ly see
That a flower| had marred| a man,
These next lines place us fully in the girl's realm of perception. "She looked and saw the shame", but whether it's really 'shame' or simply disappointment (or some other emotion) is left to the reader to decide. The poem is nothing if not a reenactment of wrong assessment, misreading and misunderstanding. Frost may let us into the minds of the protagonists, but only to reveal their mutual confusion. The girl, after all, has fully transmogrified the man. He's a brute now—a beast whose hand hangs like a paw. The reference to his arm working like a saw is an unmistakable reference to masturbation. Is he really? She may perceive it that way but I think it's more likely he gestures her to follow him. That said, her interpretation, and his ultimate intention, may not be that far from the mark. But what of it? I think it was Oscar Wilde who said: "There are two kinds of people in the world: Those who masturbate and those who lie about it."
And what harm in sexual pleasure (which doesn't have to imply intercourse)? It's at this juncture that Frost's own comment on the poem is either considered or ignored. Contrary to John Trahey's assertion, that the poem " is an instance of what Frost thinks of men who try to lead others into sexual sins", Frost's own judgment is that she's being "frigid", defined as: "sexually unresponsive; "was cold to his advances"; "a frigid woman". This would suggest that Frost (as opposed to the narrator) isn't entirely sympathetic with the girl.
But setting Frost's own comment aside, the line suggests that the girl herself isn't unfamiliar with masturbation. Why else make the observation that his hand "worked like a saw"? She could have simply said that he gestured her to follow. She doesn't. She seems to compare it to masturbation. A reader might fairly conclude she isn't altogether as innocent as appearances suggest. If this adds another layer of confusion to the poem (and we, as readers, like to ultimately know one way or the other) so be it. Sometimes in sexual matters like these, there's no pat answer. Is he/she right? Wrong? Who's to blame? Maybe both. Maybe neither. Then as now, questions of rape, responsibility and consent remain difficult to sort out.
The narrator remarks: "A girl could only see/That a flower had marred a man…" suggesting that a woman might have understood the gesture, might have seen otherwise. The lines also suggest that there was another way she might have "seen him", as other than a "marred man". The narrator continues:
But what |she could| not see
Was that |the flower |might be
Other |than base |and fetid:
That the flower| had done| but part,
And what |the flower| began
Her own |too mea|ger heart
Had ter|ribly |completed.
The narrator suggests the girl had other options and by doing so the reader is invited to conclude that the misunderstanding (the fault) is the girl's. A feminist critique might fairly argue that there's implicit misogyny in that assertion, though misogyny might not be the right word. Entitlement? Why should the man be entitled to the girl's sexual favors? Why shouldn't it be within her rights to reject him? What other options did she have? Was there some middle ground?
She looked |and saw| the worst.
And the dog |or what| it was,
Obey|ing best|ial laws,
A cow|ard save| at night,
Turned from| the place| and ran.
She heard| him stum|ble first
And use |his hands| in flight.
She heard |him bark| outright.
And oh, |for one| so young
The bit|ter words |she spit
Like some| tena|cious bit
That will |not leave| the tongue.
All we know as that she looked and "saw the worst". The man/dog, provoked by sexual interest is doing nothing more than "obeying bestial laws". If there's any autobiography in the poem, I find it here. If nothing else about the poem is autobiographical, the contemptuous accusation that a man's interest in sex is nothing more than "obeying bestial laws" has the ring of truth, of a real accusation likely to be made when one partner's sexual desire exceeds the others. After a time, the incessant demand for sex can feel like "pawing". We'll never know, but it's likely (in my opinion only) that Frost's sexual appetite exceeded Elinor's. And I wouldn't be surprised if at some point she was fed up with him. To be fair there was the added complication of pregnancy. There weren't birth control pills. Elinor had already had four children, wasn't exactly living an easy life, and probably wasn't game to risk another pregnancy for the sake of Mr. Robert Frost. More generally, the poem could also reflect a lifelong difference in their attitudes toward sex and desire for sex, beginning when they were first courting; and Frost may have vented some of that frustration in the poem. If so, was it fair to call her frigid? Maybe. Maybe not. If Elinor had written the poem though, the conclusion might have been a little different.
The likelihood that Frost's sexual desires exceeded his wife's finds some backing in the biography of Lawrence Thompson. In his book, Robert Frost Handbook, by Pittman B. Potter, Potter writes: "We should not be surprised to learn that the poem reflects an episode in Frost's early courtship of Elinor White. Thompson has shown that their relationship was seriously disturbed by Elinor's very shy reaction to Frost's physical passion, and Frost's resentment reflects itself in the subtle slanting here in the boy's favor." [p. 63]
The lines "obeying bestial laws,/ A coward save at night…" once again hints at masturbation and the girl's own dark familiarity with it's pleasures and its "cowardice". And it's at this turn that the girl's own transformation begins, when she "for one so young" spits the words that will not "leave her tongue". Like her suitor, she's also transformed into a Caliban-like beast only half-able to speak. And it's this moment that's the most fascinating and revealing in the poem. Not only is he transformed into a beast by his misapprehension and hers, but the girl too. Her own sexual energy, like the flower, is subverted, channeled into divisiveness rather than union, contempt rather than acceptance, hatred rather than love. Subvert has the meaning: "To pervert, as the mind, and turn it from the truth; to corrupt; to confound." The girl's sexuality is turned upside down and made as bestial as his.
She plucked| her lips |for it,
And still |the hor|ror clung.
Her mo|ther wiped| the foam
From her chin,| picked up| her comb,
And drew |her back|ward home.
Her mouth foams, and the reader might be reminded of a rabid dog. While one dog runs away, the other dog barks, foaming at the mouth. Both lovers are metamorphosed by the subversion of the flower. One might assert that because she refuses to be the flower, the man is transformed into a beast, but I think this ignores the girl's own culpability and transformation. She may be young, but the narration more than suggests that she's not entirely innocent.
And while all the lines offer moments of revelation, the last is the most suggestive. The girl must be drawn "backward" home. She doesn't flee when given the chance. Her own sexuality, albeit subverted, is awakened and as engaged as the man's, compelled by the same bestial laws and as drawn to the engagement (despite her foaming denial). Her mother's forceful intervention draws her home but the girl won't be disengaged. The flower's "power"—sexual awakening—as inevitably draws and overwhelms the girl as it does the man.
In his recent book, The Art of Robert Frost, Tim Kendall describes it this way:
"The mother's call had issued from the safe domestic world—"From inside he garden wall"—and she is taken back out of threateningly sexualized nature and into that refuge at the poem's end. [….] ¶ [But] to be drawn is not to be dragged, and yet "backward" shows no great willingness. The poem ends with a subtle variation on where it began: "She drew back; he was calm." Now, she must be drawn back, and all sense of calm has gone, to be replaced by a fallen "comb" which is a symbol of the struggle." [p. 373]
That the mother wipes the girl's chin and picks up her comb suggests the mother's infantilizing. The comb might be understood as the girl's girlhood. The girl's hair, that has been 'displaced' by her sexual encounter with the man, will be straightened. In other words, the infantilizing comb, which has been tellingly forgotten by the girl, will comb out and remove (presumably by the mother) any record of the encounter.
Fairly or unfairly, the narrator portrays the girl as not just condemning the man's/boy's sexual advances, but also condemning her own (this through her suggested knowledge of masturbation and sexual desire). The tragedy is that rather than elevating them both, they're both metamorphosed into something bestial—the subversion of what should be good and beautiful.
A note on the rhyme: I may return to this post to discuss the rhyme scheme, which isn't regular but masterfully handled. The rhymes of puzzle and muzzle are beautifully handled in the sense that muzzle follows only after several lines. The reader subliminally waits and when muzzle does appear it's all the more effective. Also worth noticing is the rhyme of the last three lines, a way to conclude the poem and bring it to a more final stop. (Elizabethan playwrights would sometimes use a concluding couplet to signal the end of a speech.) As in After Apple Picking, the rhyme scheme's irregularity allows Frost to deploy them in a way that adds emphasis to the narration. The meter, as mentioned above, is Iambic Trimeter varied, principally, by anapestic first feet and feminine endings.
And that, for now, is that. Let me know if you enjoyed or have questions.
« March 21st 2016
March 22nd 2016 »
Marv Volta says:
Dog, snout, paw, brute, tiger…he's viewed as a pile of something non-human with a demon inside. But then you point out the girl's own rabid moment. Without this thorough breakdown, including the Frost quote, I never would have considered the girl a factor equal to the man in creating this particular drama. Your mention of fear response makes a lot of sense, too. She fears him, the situation, and perhaps her own feelings all at once.
On "power" and "comb." Honestly, I would have been tempted to be like "oh well the writer needed some easy rhymes. Boom–flower/power/comb/home. I much prefer to see the meaning, though, especially the part about combing out the encounter. So, thank you for that.
upinvermont says:
// Honestly, I would have been tempted to be like "oh well the writer needed some easy rhymes. //
You know, there's certainly truth to that. Some critics/close readers make it sound as though every rhyme (and phonic sound—as in the sibilant 'S') is a deliberate moment of genius. That kind analysis drives me round the bend. Fact is, there are only so many words for snake and the fact that a poet chose it does not mean the sibilant 'S' is imitating the hiss of the snake. If anything, it was a lucky bonus. Likewise, there are only so many rhymes. There's probably an element of truth to the fact that comb was an easy rhyme. I would say that what makes it more than just an easy rhyme (which it was) was how Frost made use of it — the fact that it had been dropped and that it was the mother who picked it up (and not the girl). Little things like that. But yes, I think sometimes it's too easy make hay out of "word sounds", end-stopping or enjambment lines, and rhyme. Sometimes it's just what the language is doing irrespective of the poet's choices.
The lack of feedback on this piece is criminal.
Yeah, it's hard to predict what posts will get feedback. When I posted on Yeats's Byzantium I really thought I was going to get a lot of feedback: either that my reading (which is unlike any other reading in the history of the poem) is just insanely wrong or that it's a work of genius (and why didn't anyone else read it this way?). I got — nothing. I'm still gobsmacked by that. You'd think there would be at least one Yeatsian scholar/reader who would declare war on me. However, there are far, far more searches for Frost, according to my blog stats, than Yeats. Frost might well be the most read (or assigned) English language poet.
I wrote on the Subverted Flower because I noticed some searches looking for information on the poem and I also wanted to give readers something besides haiku. Maybe more comments will come when and if readers are assigned this poem in school (all at once) or gradually as casual readers look for information.
Susan Somerville says:
I'm a new-comer to this site and wasn't going to leave any feedback myself, but for what it's worth, I found all your feedback on this fascinating poem, really helpful.
Thanks, Susan. Reader comments are the best part of writing a blog. :)
Josh Wordsworth says:
Patrick, I'm not sure Frost' language/meter redeems, or is appropriate to, the creep factor in this particular poem, and that explains the lack of feedback. For example, suppose you didn't know me from adam and I sent you this poem? Or Jared Fogle sent you this poem instead of the author of "Birches," "Mending Wall," or "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening." Poetic genius still?
// For example, suppose you didn't know me from adam and I sent you this poem?//
That's always an interesting question. A while back (1990's) six Haydn piano sonatas were discovered. The discovery was considered "monumental". H. C. Robbins Landon declared it the "the greatest musicological coup of the century." I met HC Robbins Landon though he wouldn't have known me from a cork in a bottle. I asked him why he chose to write a massive 2 volume tome on Haydn. "For the money," he answered. So, there's your explanation for why Landon made a damned fool of himself. Turns out, the Sonatas were a forgery. Landon faded back into his posh-money-lined-leather sofa-seat and wasn't heard from again.
But here's the thing: The Sonatas, allowing that they're forgeries (and scholars know they're forgeries because they make compositional "mistakes" that Haydn wouldn't have made and eventually Winfried Michel eventually revealed himself to be the author) are still really good. I have a CD of the recordings and love them. Interestingly, here's what Glenn Gould (the greatest pianist in recording history) said about a very similar situation before it had happened:
Some months ago, in an article in the Saturday Review, I ventured that the delinquency manifest by this sort of evaluation might be demonstrated if one were to imagine the critical response to an improvisation which, through its style and texture, suggested that it might have been composed by Joseph Haydn. (Let's assume it to be brilliantly done and most admirably Haydn-esque.) I suggested that if one were to concoct such a piece, its value would remain at par – that is to say, at Haydn's value – only so long as some chicanery were involved in its presentation, enough at least to convince the listener that it was indeed by Haydn. If, however, one were to suggest that although it much resembled Haydn it was, rather, a youthful work of Mendelssohn, its value would decline; and if one chose to attribute it to a succession of authors, each of them closer to the present day, then – regardless of their talents or historical significance – the merits of this same little piece would diminish with each new identification. If, on the other hand, one were to suggest that this work of chance, of accident, of the here and now, was not by Haydn but by a master living some generation or two before his time (Vivaldi, perhaps), then this work would become – on the strength of that daring, that foresight, that futuristic anticipation landmark in musical composition.
Maybe you begin to see how this relates back to your comment, although you're turning the thesis upside down. That is: Would the poem have any value if Frost's name weren't attached to it. It's a really interesting question but, in the end, is a sort of alternate reality question. What if the Nazi's had actually defeated the USA? That sort of thing. And besides that, Frost wasn't always Frost. His career didn't really take off until his 40's. Once he became famous, Frost liked to make it a point to send the very same poems to the very same editors who had, just a few years before, breezily dismissed them and him (and who now requested his poems). There's an anecdote about Frost holding a poem over the head of an editor (the same one the same editor had rejected earlier) and making the editor jump for it. Most biographers are horrified, but I get it. I'm on Frost's side, damn them. My point is that Frost earned his namesake and that what made him famous is present in "Subverted Flower". Frost wrote it. That it's by the same author who wrote Birches and Mending Wall informs the poem. In truth, a lifetime of poems is both a collection of disparate works and one unified whole—a lifetime.
But as for the quality of the poem: I think it holds up. The "creep" factor is irrelevant in my book. It's the poem itself—the way it's written, it's use of imagery, rhyme, meter. This is a masterful poet. If I didn't know this poem was by Frost, I would still be keenly interested to know more about it's author. The real question is whether I would have ever had the opportunity to read it. Who would publish it nowadays? (I often wonder if there are great poets out there who are being utterly ignored because they don't play ball or don't write according to the trends—besides me, of course.) On the other hand, remember Richard Bachman? This was Stephen King pretending to be an unknown author. King, as you suggest, wanted to find out if he was getting published only because he was Stephen King. Well, as it turns out, Bachman was quickly taken up, published and was hailed as the next Stephen King. Some argued that he was a superior writer to King. And the point of this last anecdote is that if Frost had decided to try the same stunt with "Subverted Flower", the same thing might have happened because despite the subject matter—it (and he) are that good.
So, and yeah, this is the short answer to your comment. Yes, poetic genius still. :)
"I often wonder if there are great poets out there who are being utterly ignored because they don't play ball or don't write according to the trends—besides me, of course."
This could be sour grapes, but I'd rather write like me and have my anti-success than write like someone who hates English and being good at things. MFA hacks, Alt-Lit posers, Twitter/Instagram darlings–they all suck at writing, and their poetry is not destined for a canon. Neither is mine, but at least I try to be good, try not to be a clone, and that's important to me.
For what it's worth, I'm guessing your online writing has more exposure and feedback than many poetry books published today. Also, your "March 31st" haiku was more disturbing and thought-provoking than all of Stephanie Wytovich's "Hysteria."
Mickey McConnell says:
This was terrific. Thank you. I was bewildered by the girl foaming at the mouth, but your reference to Caliban appearing in both the boy and girl was perfect.
And Frost may have taken some poetic license in that description, the way we tend to spit our words when angry "The bitter words she spit…"
Glad that you enjoyed the post. :)
gabrielledeakin says:
Wow! I discovered this poem last night in an anthology I have had for years and read it obsessively into the small hours trying to work it out. My first reading was "here is a poem for the #metoo era. My second, noticing Frost's use of language, the fact that the disturbing, bestial images are all seen through her eyes, had me regretting that my capacity to appreciate the poet's sympathy towards the erotic urge and feeling that my perception has been warped and conditioned by the zeitgeist of recent years. I googled the poem today to share with my husband, and it was your article which came up first… and which has managed the seemingly impossible task of reconciling these different readings and reactions. Long live intelligent reader-writers who freely share their knowledge and insight. Thank-you!
And wow, what a wonderful comment. Made my day. :)


text:
Home/Music/Artist Interviews/INTERVIEW: Raindear
INTERVIEW: Raindear
RJ Frometa April 25, 2016 Artist Interviews Leave a comment
Hi Rebecca, welcome to VENTS! How have you been?
I've been great. It's just so exciting to release an album!
Can you talk to us more about your latest single "I'm The Ice"?
I'm The Ice is a dark song about that kind of depressing passivity you can have in a relationship. The thick glaciers are metaphorically put between your heartbeats and the outside world. It's about how you slowly coming up to the surface to become free from what's in the way.
Did any event in particular inspire you to write this song?
Yeah I've definitely felt that way several times. I usually don't write about any specific events though, it's more like a combination of a few. But my lyrics are always very honest and reflect what I focus my thoughts on at the moment.
The single comes off your new album Embers – what's the story behind the title?
I chose to call it Embers cause it can be so many things. Embers stands for the moment between birth and death but I also thought it was a good title to sum up all these songs with as they've been glowing in the dark for a while. And it's a beautiful word!
I wrote and recorded most of the album this January in Malmö. It was very intense, I was living in my own bubble and literally slept in the studio. I like to go all the way and live my life in "extremes". If I relax I really relax, if I work I REALLY work!
What was it like to work with Ben Mark and how did that relationship develop?
I was in London and recorded a song with Charlie Russell and Bradley Spence and then they introduced me to Ben, as they're all mates. They said we should try to write something together and so we did.
He's a great person to work with, very talented and productive. The song pretty much wrote itself in a couple of hours.
How much did he get to influence the album?
Not a lot actually. Ben was only involved on "I'm The Ice".
I hope to write more with him in the future. We've actually done another song together but it's not out yet.
What role does Sweden plays in your music and this record in particular?
I don't listen that much to Swedish pop but I love swedish folk music, we have really interesting melody constructions in our tradition. I think that gives my sound a very nordic vibe!
Any plans to hit the road?
Yes! The plan is to come to England in May and then hopefully some festivals in the summer!
What else is happening next in Raindear's world?
I wanna make more music. I have some really interesting ideas in the works that I wanna get down. I'm also very open for cool collabs and hopefully I will get to travel the world, that's the dream!
Previous BEWARE OF DARKNESS Headlining Los Angeles' The Resident on May 9th
Next Marjorie Fair reveal video for new single 'Save Time'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Dr. Jim Spiropoulos D.C. provides chiropractic care to people in Moon Township. We regularly hear from many people who have never been to a chiropractor. If you've never had chiropractic care, you might be surprised about how it can help you improve your health.
Chiropractic was first developed in the 1890s, and it works by restoring the normal and healthy functioning of your central nervous system by adjusting the spine. The term "chiropractic" originates with the Greek words "chiro" and "praktikos," which mean "hand" and "practice." Your Moon Township, PA chiropractor helps you by using natural, hands-on care that doesn't involve risky drugs or surgery.
Many people know that chiropractic care is great for back pain, auto injuries, neck pain, and headaches, but you might not know that the staff at Moon Chiropractic can help you improve your general health and wellness with chiropractic care.
Contact Moon Chiropractic at (724) 513-0521 to learn more about how Dr. Jim Spiropoulos D.C. can help get you back on the road to health.
Click on the button below to schedule online or call our office today at (724) 513-0521 for an appointment.
Call our office at (724) 513-0521 for an appointment today!


text:
Rules of the Society
History of The Army Officers' Golfing Society
Past Vice Presidents
Past Honorary Secretaries
Individual Competitions
The Black Watch Challenge Medal
The Generals' Cup
The Grenadier Guards Challenge Cup
The Royal Indian Army Service Corps Cup
The Andrew Turnbull Salver
The Veterans' Cup
The British Troops Austria OGS Prize
The Cavan National Playing Fields Challenge Cup
The Super Veteran's Prize
The Society Autumn Medal
Historic 'Retired' Championships
The Argyll & Sutherland Challenge Bowl
The Egypt Cup
The Jubilee Regimental Foursomes
The Ordnance Challenge Cup
The Royal Engineers Sunningdale Cup
AOGS Admin
AOGS Summer Meeting 2019 We had a fantastic few days on the Kent coast playing over the links at Deal and Sandwich with many of us staying for three-nights in The Dower House, Knowlton. Monday For those of us travelling from afar, the meeting started on Monday evening with an Al Fresco Curry Night at [...]
AOGS v Rye GC 2018
AOGS v Rye GC at Rye GC 12th & 13th October 2018
AOGS Team
Peter Tomlinson
Keith Miles
Cameron Reeves
Bernie Thomson
Mark Lacey
Charles Batty
Frank Ham
Mirza Datoo
Roger Robinson
Hamish Miln
Bruce McMillan
Mike Tennant
The Rye fixture is always one of the most eagerly anticipated on the calendar and as with many of our fixtures, friendships and rivalry are renewed annually – this year we had Don McCutchan, Jamie Glover-Wilson, Jo Gunnell and even our President, Mark Lacey for 2 rounds, were playing for the Club.
The warm weather was still in evidence as we arrived on the Friday but, it was accompanied by winds gusting up to 40 mph making the Ryle links a stiffer challenge than usual. The members handled the conditions better than the Army Officers with the overnight score standing at 7½ to 4½ in favour of the Club.
Many of us met in the Ypres Castle in the Rye Citadel for a super evening. Suitably refreshed and rested, we returned to the course on Saturday morning full of vigour and resolve! The wind had abated slightly but was still strong. The matches were all hard fought and finished 4 to 1 in favour of the Army Officers giving an overall match score of 8½ to 8½ – a richly deserved and equitable half.
AOGS v RNGS
AOGS v RNGS at Piltdown, 10 October 2018
John Saville & Nigel Bartlett
Doc Watson & Donald McCutchan
Ian Griffiths & Frank Ham
Charles Batty & Keith Mitchelson
Keith Chaundy & Neville Goulton
The fixture against the Royal Navy Golf Society was played on Wednesday 10 October at Piltdown Golf Club. The fixture, having missed a year, is now under the stewardship of Don McCutchan for AOGS alongside Nigel Manger (Piltdown Member) of the RNGS.
The weather on the day was warm and sunny, an unseasonable 25 degrees. The course was in magnificent condition having recovered well from the long, dry summer. The Army Officers won the first skirmish of the day, the 'Battle of the A272' – the traffic issues meant there was some shuffling of the batting order, but all was well in the end.
With the local traffic difficulties and some having long distances to travel, it was decided to call the match at lunchtime – some choosing to play fewer holes in the afternoon. Our host, Nigel, was apologetic for having chosen an autumnal menu and not having anticipated the warm weather but the fabulous ham & leek pie followed by bread and butter pudding with both ice-cream and custard (other choices we available) was superb.
The morning foursomes were closely fought with many matches unresolved until the 18th, however, the Army Officers prevailed once again with the final result being 3½ to 1½ in favour of AOGS.
This was the first time that many of us had both played in the fixture and, at the venue. The course, catering and company were all excellent and the staff were warm and welcoming. I would highly commend this fixture.
The match had 'lost its slot' on the West Sussex calendar so Piltdown was chosen as potentially, a temporary arrangement, but it was unanimously agreed by all that the fixture should return to Piltdown next year and at £65 for two rounds, a bacon roll, and an excellent lunch was terrific value.
AOGS v Tidworth GGC
The annual match against Tidworth Garrison GC (the 11th of its kind) took place yesterday, with the teams again led by Ian Holmes (AOGS) and General Sir Peter Beale (Tidworth). Several "new caps" appeared in both teams, including General Sir "Jack" Deverell for the AOGS. This match proved to be closer than many before with four of the five games going to, at least, the 17th. The results are shown below :
TIDWORTH Result AOGS
Peter Beale and Robert Thayer Half Half Ian Holmes and Jack Deverell
Martin Shaw and Peter McNicol 0 1 Roger Antolik and Edward Vale
Alan Butterworth and Carel Bouwens 1 0 Ian Griffiths and John Maclean
Frank Ham and Brian Hutchins 1 0 Tony Moorby and Paddy Hartigan
Brian Rollinson and Simon Pethick 1 0 Richard Kemmis Betty and Tim Merritt
Overall 3 1/2 1 1/2
After an excellent supper, the two captains that the bond between the two teams was so strong that the fixture must continue. The date will be confirmed with the 2019 Fixture List.
AOGS v Royal Worlington & Newmarket GC
This year's match was held on 12 August, the relentless Summer had been interrupted by a torrential downpour on the night before the course was still dry and firm but the greens were relatively receptive.
The AOGS team was;
Tony Dinwiddy
John Hewat
Andrew Purdy
Michael Estcourt
Roger Dalzell
Chris Buisseret
The match was a very tight affair with the result still unclear until the final match came home. Ultimately it was honours even with a score of 2½ each.
Lunch was the usual convivial affair enjoyed with our wonderful hosts.
Match Result: Royal Worlington & Newmarket 2½ AOGS 2½
AOGS Inter Corps/Inter Regimentals 2018
The AOGS Inter Corps/Inter Regimentals were held this year at Royal Ashdown Forest Golf Club on Thursday 5 July with 36 holes of singles played over The Old Course.
We had four teams entered on the day representing;
The Royal Artillery
The 'Ironsides' (a combined armour team)
The REME
The Captain's Select
In the morning matches, the Royal Artillery beat the Captain's Select 3-1. The REME and the Ironsides drew 2-2 and, given the extreme heat, agreed to decide the match on a coin toss, with the REME winning out.
In the afternoon matches, the REME beat the Gunners 3-1 to take the spoils. The other match was halved 2-2.
The matches were played in the height of the current 'heat wave' with temperatures in the 30s. The course was wonderfully presented in a hard, fast, bouncy condition. While Royal Ashdown has no bunkers, the hard fairways certainly brought the heather into play off the tee. The heat was unrelenting and when, halfway through the afternoon round, the heavens opened, and we had the briefest of cloudburst, rather than reaching for the waterproofs, the assembled body of golfers turned their faces to the sky and raised their arms as if engaged in some bizarre pagan rite!
This year, the de-coupling of the Individual matches from the Team matches was an experiment. For those that took part in both, the overwhelming feedback has been extremely positive. It is disappointing to note that there were no entrants for the Argyll & Sutherland Challenge Bowl which appears to be a recurring theme when the competition is not held in Kent.
Next year, the Summer Meeting will be brought back together at Sandwich and Deal in the traditional format from Tuesday 18 June 'til Thursday 20 June.
AOGS v The XL Club at Worplesdon GC
The match was held at the magnificent Surrey Heathland course at Worplesdon Golf Club and as the dry hot weather continued, the course was baked-hard and fast with great value for any shot hit along the fairway. The match was played with twelve a side and comprised two rounds of foursomes with lunch in between.
The morning matches resulted a healthy lead for AOGS, we returned to the clubhouse up 4-2. An excellent lunch was enjoyed in the convivial company of our XL Club opponents who were very generous with the wine and (for some of us) the kummel.
The afternoon was ultimately just as successful as the morning round with AOGS again returning a 4-2 score line to give AOGS an overall win of 8-4.
On a personal note, this was the first time I had played either the fixture or the course and found both to be fabulous – I would highly commend this fixture to anyone that hasn't played in it before; next year's date is set for Friday 21 June.
AOGS Summer Meeting 2018
AOGS v Royal West Norfolk and v Hunstanton
I am pleased to say that AOGS won both matches – with some style – a feat we have not managed since 2014. The match at Hunstanton was played in dull, overcast and humid conditions. The absence of any wind of note probably played a large part in allowing AOGS to master their opponents in the key matches. Saturday at Brancaster continued to be humid but again very little wind allowed the pairings of Singer/Antolik and Smy/Alexander to completely dominate their opponents.
Allan Singer
Won 3 1/2 to 2 1/2
Nigel Bartlett & David Harrison………….L
Alvin Hopley & Iain Pretsell……………….W
David Griffiths & David Gordon………….L
Mark Lacey & Keith Chaundy…………….H
David Watson & Neville Goulton………..W
Frank Ham & Roger Antolik……………….W
The Army Officers' Golfing Society managed to scrape a win, redressing the balance a little. Hankley have won seventeen matches, we have won eight and two have been halved. Hankley Common GC is a wonderful golf club, in almost any conditions, but we played on the hottest day of the year. It was glorious and all enjoyed a great day of golf. Nigel Still organised the Hankley team and persuaded the Captain of the club to play against us. David Harrison and I discovered he is rather good off his eighteen handicap.
« Previous results
AOGS v Aldeburgh GC
Army Officers' Golfing Society
AOGS is a golfing society open to all serving and retired officers of the British Army. The Society plays matches against other societies and golf clubs in the UK as well as holding annual Summer and Autumn meetings.


Bradley Cooper's Dramatic Transformation to Play a Navy SEAL: He's Gained 40 Pounds!
Emotive, Active, Secondary type; it is a Passionate type. She symbolizes the mother, wife, the crowd, the Moon is associated with birth and childhood. Jupiter in Leo gives you a strong inclination for luxury, arts, parties and shows: If Saturn is part of your natal chart's planetary dominants, in astrology, you are said to be a Saturnian: Beware of untimely fits of anger! Ships Within 2 - 3 business days. Romance and marriage are most likely to be the sources of setbacks and misfortunes.
If Mars is part of your natal chart's planetary dominants, in astrology, you are said to be a Marsian: On the other hand, your impressionability is such that you may have difficulties in separating what is concrete and solid from illusions or dreams. In difficult aspect, it may bring about superficiality or extravagance. In tough aspect, it may make the person conceited, presumptuous, or elitist. The twelve zodiacal signs are split up into three groups or modes, called quadruplicities, a learned word meaning only that these three groups include four signs.
Jupiter in Leo The planet Jupiter symbolizes expansion, broadness and generosity. Its element is indefinite; burning like lava in fusion? They are all posited on the Zodiac wheel consisting of twelve signs, from Aries to Pisces, and divided into twelve astrological houses. The murder weapon, believed to be a small caliber handgun, has never been located. With Mars, your attitudes are dictated by the realities of the moment, by your emotions, and by everything which proved to have worked in the past. Wareheim has the weight, height, and countenance of an equally drowsy bear.


Accurately identifies and bands newborn, mother and significant others with matching identification bands.
Registered Nurse with Bachelor's Degree preferred.
Licensed to practice as a Registered Nurse in the state of Texas.
ACLS and BLS certification from the AHA.
One (1) year medical-surgical experience recommended.
One (1) year related experience in field applied for.
The Metroplex Health System Department of Maternal Child Health is divided into 4 areas. We have a 23-bed Couplet Care/gyn surgical unit, which consists of post-partum mothers and their newborns, GYN surgical patients, and occasional med/surg overflow, Nursery/Special Care Nursery and Labor & Delivery.
Labor and Delivery unit consists of 8 LDR's, 2 Triage Rooms, c-section suite. We currently have an approximate delivery rate of 1300 births per year.
The Metroplex Health System Registered Nurse (RN) fulfills an important role as a central patient care provider responsible for the coordination and delivery of patient centered nursing care. As a full partner of the healthcare team, the Metroplex Health System RN collaborates with all other healthcare disciplines to achieve successful execution of the patient's plan-of-care. The RN utilizes physical assessment skills and advanced diagnostic technology to aid in the assessment of the patient's nursing care needs. Data collected is analyzed, synthesized and disseminated to other healthcare providers. The RN continues to monitor and assess the patient's physical condition, emotional and social needs, continually refining the plan-of-care to ensure achievement of the desired goals of the patient and facility outcomes.
Participates in providing patient specific care standards as directed, and follows service excellence standards to ensure high levels of patient satisfaction. Position requires experience in a specialty area of obstetrical clinical nursing activities in the areas of OB triage, Labor and Delivery, Post-partum/Couplet Care, Antepartum, OB Operating Room, recovery and level one nursery and providing technical nursing support to nursing staff to ensure patient assessments are skilled and comprehensive care to patients.
General knowledge of professional nursing principles and techniques used in the assessment, care and treatment of L&D patients.
Skill to maintain effective working relationships with health professionals and others to create an environment that is conducive to carrying out the mission of the department in an effective manner.


90 Day Fiancé star Jay Smith started a GoFundMe fundraiser on Sunday, December 30, to "get a place to stay" amid rumors he's split with his wife, Ashley Martson.
Reality TV World reports that Smith shared a link to the page in an Instagram Stories post on Sunday morning. "Help me get and my feet an a place to stay," he titled the page, which seeks to raise $5,000 (he's gotten $10 in donations so far).
Speculation swirled earlier this week that the couple had split after Martson, who found out that Smith was cheating on her the day after they married in Vegas, was admitted to the hospital with a lupus flare-up.
Smith shared a photo on his Instagram Story that showed him sitting in a hospital room, presumably visiting his wife, on Wednesday, December 26 — shortly before Martson announced that she was heading home from the hospital — but he later posted and then took down a video that showed him driving a U-Haul, leading to fans guessing that he had moved out.
He also posted a message on Instagram insinuating that he was not the only one who had a wandering eye in his marriage. "Fyi: for everyone coming at me. I wasn't the only one who was 'talking' aka 'cheating; with other people during out relationship/marriage," he wrote on Saturday, December 29, in a post captured by a fan Twitter account.
Martson has not addressed the cheating or split rumors but on Sunday she shared a screenshot of a fake GoFundMe page that asks for $50,000 to send her husband back to Jamaica.


Located in the heart of the Grand Strand. Surfside Beach is SC's family beach. You'll find the Holiday Inn Oceanfront at Surfside Beach hotel. The hotel's location is just steps from the sparkling coastline.
Please visit their website http://www.ihg.com/holidayinn/hotels/us/en/surfside-beach/myrsb/hoteldetail to obtain more information about their amazing services.


It's 2018. Say goodbye to the good ole' newspaper advertisements and infomercials that are almost cheesier than your Uncle's jokes at Thanksgiving. The ever-so-changing world of marketing has shifted gears, and they are calling on the hottest celebs to act as their walking billboards. Welcome to influencer marketing.
Companies are spending their marketing dime on what we like to call influencers: powerful individuals who can guide their strong following towards actions or products they endorse. Influencer marketing acts as a secret weapon to companies that properly master it. This trend has infiltrated itself just as social media has grown too large to contain. Influencers are paid to promote a product on their personal social media accounts, serving as advertisement masked as a personal recommendation.
Speaking of influencer marketing brings us to the Lip Kit Queen herself: Kylie Jenner. Recently featured on the cover of Forbe's "America's Women Billionaires," Kylie Jenner is on track to becoming the youngest-ever self-made billionaire. Similar to how her family found stardom, Kylie, and her Lip Kits bloomed from a scandal. By 2014, Kylie released a picture of her overly augmented lips, and her young followers began the "Kylie Jenner Lip Challenge." Shortly after, Kylie created Kylie Cosmetics in February 2016 and is worth over $800 million today.
Kylie's revenue derives from the mother ship– social media. Jenner comments, "Social media is an amazing platform, I have such easy access to my fans and my customers." Kylie's 111 million Instagram following is composed of the young women of Generation Z, the same target audience as her cosmetic line.
Typical for any Kardashian-Jenner, Kylie harvests her hard work to daily selfies on Instagram and Snapchat. By featuring her face caked with her own makeup line, Kylie utilizes influencer marketing selfie by selfie. Kylie's siblings and famous friends also sport her makeup products and give her proper shout-outs, with their flower crown filters on the daily.
Generation Z customers are visual buyers, as they are fans of the products they see role models supporting on social media. Advancements in social media allow consumers to simply "swipe up" and boom! You have various Kyshadows, Kylights, and Lip Kits in your cart and you're still scrolling for more. Leave it to Kylie Jenner to have this down to a science.
Influencer marketing is now taking over the scene. In this digital age, our phones are the source of everything. Rather than focusing on the target audience individually, influencer marketing allows the influencer to use their platform as an endorsement for a product. The power of influencer marketing is insurmountable. Kylie Jenner has not only changed the game, she's created it.
Still interested? Click here to learn more about influencer marketing.


is a Michelin-starred laureate with a galaxy of top culinary awards to his name. A sixth generation restaurateur, he grew up at his family's acclaimed Castle at Taunton. From here, his experience took him to some of Britain's most famous restaurants – among them London's fashionable Kensington Place, Heston Blumenthal's Fat Duck, Bray's Hind's Head (as Head Chef) and finally, before moving to The Beehive in August 2014, as Head Chef at The Royal Oak, Paley Street, where he won a Michelin Star, 3 AA Rosettes and was ranked among the Good Food Guide's top 50 restaurants in Great Britain.
Dom's wife, Helena, whom he met at Kensington Place in 2001, also comes with a wealth of experience – notably as a weddings and events manager. Her role will be to manage and oversee The Beehive as a great venue for parties and special occasions. Meanwhile, Helena's sister, Alicia, who has worked in some of London's top eateries over the past twenty years, manages the floor and front of house team.
We all look forward to seeing you at The Beehive and showing you a great time.


N2 are delighted to have been promoted to Gold Partner status with Intermec Technologies.
N2 has been working closely with Intermec Technologies to offer some of the best quality and broad ranging data collection hardware products to its customers. The success of this partnership has been rewarded with the promotion of N2 to Gold Partner status with Intermec. This new status will allow N2 to and Intermec to work even closer together in the future.


Volume 1: European Armour is the first catalog to offer a comprehensive inventory of this substantial and historically significant collection in more than one hundred years. Among the highlights of the collection are imposing sets of Greenwich armor created in the sixteenth century for Henry VIII and Sir Christopher Hatton; an exceptionally beautiful set of armor created in the early seventeenth century for Henry, Prince of Wales; and an ornate field garniture belonging to Julius, Duke of Brunswick, a fine example of armor in the continental style. In addition to fresh research, the book features more than five hundred new photographs that provide clear front, back, and side views, as well as close-ups of ornamentation, maker's marks, and other features for the most important pieces. The book also includes full resources for further study, including two essays giving a broad overview of the history of the collection; specially commissioned reconstruction drawings of important Greenwich garnitures, including lost pieces; a glossary of important terms; and an index, appendix, and bibliography.
Prenota "ARMS & ARMOUR IN THE COLLECTION OF ER MAJESTY THE QUEEN"


Water temps were very chilly like a cold swimming pool. Make sure you get a big enough life vest. Mine was a tight fit. With the tightness of the vest and extremely chilly waters a few times I hit the water and couldn't catch my breath, almost like hyperventilating. I'm of average shape and a excellent swimmer. No fear of drowning or anything like that. I would surface from the jump and dog paddled till one of the guides could assist me to were I could stand and move on to the next jump.
Is there a Roatan equivalent to Mr. Sanchos in Cozumel?
I would agree with JT1962-- we used Iguana Mama and they were great!!!!!!
I would guess 45 minutes to an hour is what it seemed like for the 12 falls.
Me and the wife hiked the trail for the 12 waterfalls. It didn't seem that bad. We took like 3 breaks for the 12. The wife and I are 46 and 52 and we smoke. No health issues and not overweight. We don't work out at all and made the falls just fine. Even though breathing heavy still wasn't that bad. Good Cardio for one who smokes and doesn't work out(LOL). I contribute my physically demanding job is why it seemed OK.
Help from St. Thomas Regulars-- Is This possible?
Believe it or not my wife says let's miss the boat and just stay here quite often.:cool::D OK --so get off the ship-find taxi- tell him what I want which is basically Magen's Bay, Charlotte Amalie, and a mountain view for photo ops, then drop us off at the sky ride which is close to Port. I hope the Bushwackers are GREAT!!!!!! at Paradise Point.
Ship Excursion or On My Own?


John Rees (Jack the Fifer) was born circa 1801 in Wales. He volunteered for service in Texas with the Second Company of the New Orleans Greys in 1835. He took part in the Siege of Béxar from December 5 through 10, 1835, and remained with his company when camp was established at Goliad the next month. In March 1836 a numerically superior Mexican force under Gen. José de Urrea accepted the surrender of the troops at Goliad from Col. James W. Fannin, Jr. Of approximately 400 prisoners of war, Rees was one of the twenty-eight who escaped the massacre ordered by Mexican president Antonio López de Santa Anna. He was recaptured but was released in April or May 1836, after the Mexican defeat at San Jacinto. He rejoined the army and took an honorable discharge on October 10.


text:
Machault ist eine französische Gemeinde mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) im Département Ardennes in der Region Grand Est im Kanton Attigny. Sie ist der Hauptort des Kantons.

Geographie
Die Départementsstraßen 980 und 23 kreuzen sich im Ort.

Geschichte
Im Ersten Weltkrieg war Machault vom 2. September 1914 bis zum 11. Oktober 1918 von deutschen Truppen besetzt. Die noch verbliebene Zivilbevölkerung wurde am 6. Juni 1917 zwangsweise evakuiert. Die ersten Dorfbewohner kehrten am 18. Oktober 1918 in das Dorf zurück. Die Kirche des Dorfes Saint Pierre wurde 1919 unter Denkmalschutz gestellt.

Die Einwohnerzahl der Gemeinde betrug 1962 523 Menschen und stieg bis 1968 auf 551 Personen an. Die Zahl der Bewohner sank dann bis 1999 auf 437 ab.

Persönlichkeiten
Der französische Komponist und Dichter Guillaume de Machaut (*zwischen 1300 und 1305, † 1377) wurde in Machault geboren. Auch der französische Arzt Jean-Baptiste Caqué (1720–1787) kam in Machault zur Welt.

Siehe auch
 Liste der Monuments historiques in Machault (Ardennes)

Weblinks

statistische Angaben zu Machault

Ort in Grand Est
Träger des Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (Ort in Frankreich)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home / Latest Updates / 130 insurgents killed in raids: MoD
130 insurgents killed in raids: MoD
admin May 18, 2016	Latest Updates, Nation Leave a comment 34 Views
AT-KABUL: One hundred thirty Taliban fighters were killed and 76 others wounded in different crackdowns within past 24 hours, said officials.
In a press release issued here, Ministry of Defense (MoD) said that Afghan National Army (ANA) in collaboration with Afghan National Police (ANP) and National Directorate of Security (NDS) has carried out joint operations against insurgents in different areas of Uruzgan, Helmand, Ghazni, Kunar, Maidan Wardak, Baghlan, Zabul, Nangarhar, Kunduz, Kandahar, and Kapisa provinces. In these operations, 130 rebels including seven commanders were killed and 76 others sustained bullet injuries.
Security forces also nabbed two insurgents who were handed over to the relevant judicial body for interrogation.
According to the media statement of the ministry, 10 soldiers were killed during the operations. The ministry also claimed of recovering huge cache of ammunition during the crackdowns against anti-state elements.
Previous Future support for Afghanistan to be discussed: NATO chief
Next 17 dead, 40 missing in Sar-e-Pul flash floods


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30:599. 1875

#### Original name
null

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Looking for ideal CAT Sheet Metal Covers Manufacturer & supplier ? We have a wide selection at great prices to help you get creative. All the CAT 320D Excavator are quality guaranteed. We are China Origin Factory of CAT Access Doors. If you have any question, please feel free to contact us.


RTS-League / Forums / AoT S27 Grand Finals Are Here!
» AoT S27 Grand Finals Are Here!
AoT S27 Grand Finals Are Here!
The first RTS League match of this year is also going to be the very best! Season 27 of our Age of Mythology: The Titans Clan League has reached its summit and we're down to just two top contenders vying for the fame and glory of being crowned the RTS League Champions!
2k for jesus and KeeN have successfully made their way through the group stage and Playoffs, and as it so happens, already met in their Division as well - JSS dominantly won 2:0, overcoming even map adversity with 1 TC less, and we're quite curious to see if KeeNs have learnt from their mistakes and will punish their opponents in revenge this time - the quality is there, but so is on the other side of the river Styx, therefore no one can really say what will happen come the battle - tune in to our live stream and you'll be the first to know!
The settings are Best of 5 with two pre-set maps Megalopolis and Sea of Worms RTSL, making for unusual and quite fun games!
Make sure to be online and spread the news, as this is going to be as good as it gets And don't forget to follow our community channels and let us know who is your favourite to claim the prestigious Golden Banner!


Are you a gambler? Would you like to increase your chances of winning at the casino? This powerful lottery spell that works is what you need in order to improve your chances of bagging some cash at the casino next time. In practical terms, everyone goes to play at the casino with the intention of winning and earning some money. However, when instead of getting money, you are losing, you can sometimes think that you are unlucky or curse your luck.
When I cast this powerful lottery spell for you, I will use ingredients that can appease the goddess of luck so that she can smile at you. The spell will work to draw luck on your side and put you on the winning side of each game. As soon as you have lady luck on your side, you will never lose any game of luck. This powerful spell that work will greatly improve your luck to the extent that it will increase your fortunes and earnings while playing games of luck.
In order for you to effectively improve your luck, you need to do this spell every time before you play game at the casino. I have sometimes recommended to my clients that they do it before going to bed everyday or before they gamble. This is because luck is sometimes affected by the kind of energies we come into contact with. When you encounter negative people, they will affect your energy field and make you unlucky.
Are you a gambler who has had a bad streak in the recent games you played? Have been losing money without knowing why? The problem is with your energy field and your luck. My lottery spell that works is intended to improve your luck and make it easy for you to pick the winning numbers in that lucky draw. Cleanse your aura using this spell and all the energies of luck will start flowing into your life.


text:
ACTC2022
Recording options
ACTC 2022
WELCOME to the American Conference on Theoretical Chemistry 2022 which will take place from July 25 - 28, 2022, in beautiful Palisades Tahoe, California (formerly Squaw Valley), next to Lake Tahoe. Until Covid-19 caused its cancellation in 2020 and '21, ACTC had been held every three years since 1972. ACTC brings together the theoretical chemistry community to discuss the latest cutting-edge research. ACTC 2022 will cover a broad range of topics within theoretical chemistry, including electronic structure, statistical mechanics, and quantum dynamics, as well as applications to biology and energy science.
ACTC will also provide opportunities for students, postdoctoral scholars, and assistant professors to disseminate their work and to expose current faculty to promising new talent. ACTC will offer invited speaking opportunities for approximately a half dozen postdoctoral scholars and assistant professors, who will be selected via a Lightning Talk competition described at the Lightning Talk tab.
All conference sessions will be held at the Events Center at The Village at Palisades Tahoe, with talks Monday through Thursday and poster sessions on Monday and Tuesday evenings. On Wednesday evening, ACTC participants will enjoy exclusive use of the aerial tram to High Camp (see the photo above!). At High Camp (elevation 8,200 feet) enjoy dinner, lively conversation, and a magnificent view. Purchase your tickets on the registration page. Guests with tickets are warmly invited to participate.
We are especially grateful to several entities for providing generous financial support. The Air Force Office of Scientific Research has supplied funding to reimburse the registration fees for approximately 25 students and postdocs (apply here). The Department of Energy has provided funding to offset the registration fees for the first 100 student and postdoc registrants. The journals JCTC, JPC, and Chemical Reviews have donated cash poster prizes.
We look forward to seeing you at ACTC 2022!
Todd Martinez, Chair; David Beratan, Vice-Chair; Sergey Varganov, Deputy Chair
Thanks to ACTC Sponsors!


text:
Deck Listing
Bridge Layout
Personal Logs
The Tour Part II
Posted on Wed Aug 12th, 2020 @ 1:56am	by Captain Tyler Malbrooke & Captain Cornelius Tremble
Edited on on Wed Aug 12th, 2020 @ 2:03am
Mission: Episode 10 - New Home, Same Pioneers
Location: Sirius Station / Fighter bays
Timeline: MD004 1630 Hrs
2240 words - 4 OF Standard Post Measure
Last Time On The Tour Part I
The two Pioneer officers saluted and followed Master Gunny Wild from the chamber and toward what Neil recalled was the squadron bay.
Tyler smiled at the exchange. He liked a General who could poke fun at himself, it was a refreshing change of pace. He gave his Second Officer a knowing look in reference to the latter's comment. As they walked Tyler thought how much progress was made at Sirius in such a little time. He was certainly glad that the resources were available to him, but hoped that he would never have to use them.
And Now The Continuation
As Neil and Tyler made their way from the CnC toward the stations flight bays, the Marine looked toward Pioneer's CO and stated, "Interesting notion of doing a combined fleet command element headquarters. I wonder how it'll work if and when the balloon goes up."
"It isn't a matter of if. The Romulans are up to something. It may be good, and it may be bad. We just do not know yet. The Klingons have a vested interest in what happens. However, the Ferengi is what strikes me as odd. Why the hell would they want to be here?" Tyler spoke and he looked a bit puzzled.
"The Ferengi aren't stupid," Neil said thoughtfully. "Their rules cover everything, giving the Daemon's excuses for their activity. However, the Romulans, Breen, and other's aren't exactly friendly with anyone, and have even less time for the Ferengi. The Federation however, even though they can be a pain in the rear end, ensures everyone gets a fair shake.."
"Hmmmm, you have a point. I still would like to keep an eye on our friendly Ferengi. I have never become trusting of Ferengi, especially when they claim to be on our side." Tyler replied. He knew that Neil had a point however, the Daemon still rubbed Tyler the wrong way.
"Consider this, Captain," Neil said, "I tend to agree with you individually on the Ferengi. But, they're very big on contracts. They signed the accords and so far seem to be operating in good faith. The Klingons however look at agreements favorably until those agreements don't work for them anymore and they'll break them at the drop of a hat."
Tyler looked at Niel with a look for appriciation for his insights. He was right about both the Klingons and the Ferengi. "Well put! However, that may be for another time. Right now we have a tour to finish." He smiled and motioned ahead of then. "So lead on McDuff..."
Walking into the hanger area, the two Pioneer officers took in the six fighters at rest in the extended bay and could see another six in the adjoining bay through opened blast doors.
If the fighters are at rest, the crews were not. All of the ships had some sort of work being done to them by handful's of what Neil supposed were technicians. All were starfleet personnel by their uniforms, but they also wore variably colored vests which held multiple pockets. One passing crewman in a green vest eyed them and slowed down, "Something I can help you with, sirs?"
"Aye, crewman" the marine answered. "Where can we find Captain Rein? He should be expecting us."
The green vested human looked around then pointed to a second series of boxlike structures on, if Neil remembered correctly, were built into the bases superstructure. "He's in Pri-Fly, sirs. Follow the red line with no deviations if you please to that door over there and take the lift?"
Neil noted a red line on the deck and his eyes traced over the decking where several lines of various colors, much like the tech's vests ran hither and yon. The crewman saw the look and grinned, "You've seen follow me's in various really busy ports and places. These are similar. Red means if you stay on it, you're doing your part to be out of everyone's way. Don't worry about the other colors for now."
Neil nodded, catching Tyler's eye and shrugged as the two officer's set out across the bay. "Different world, I suppose, he commented."
Malbrooke glanced around, he was not too impressed and if he truly admitted it he was a little put off. It didn't matter if he was in the way or not. However, Tyler kept his feelings well hidden. "Quite different indeed. I have been told that the fighter jocks have their own way of things."
Once the two reached the lift and it arrived to the cupola they'd been directed two, they found marine guards who quickly saluted and activated the hatch. The two Pioneer officer's stepped into the hatch and blinked. The primary control room did intact have view ports into both the launch bays and through the bulkheads out into space. This room was even busier than the bay's had been and they stood there for several beats before a man wearing a standard federation flight suit with the rank of Captain on it's breast and a tan colored Stetson hat made their way over.
"Hey there, you two must be Captain Malbrooke and that Marine I've been suggested to refer to as Major Tremble," the pilot said, "I'm Captain Rein, Ichabod Rein. Call sign Itchy. Welcome to the 8083rd Combined Air Wing. They call us that because we have five squadrons based here at Sirius," the man said in a baritone.
"Two fighter, the Sh'vor and the Highwaymen. One bomber/attack squadron, the Regulators. And then there's a scout/SigInt squadron, the Sounders and finally a transport squadron that think's it's named itself the Chatterley's."
Captain Rhein shook his head and said, "After some book on Earth. Has absolutely nothing to do with hauling gear and personnel around but…anyway."
He led the two men Pioneer officers toward the bay side of the compartment and gestured to the planes below. "That's a total of fifty four space frames ready to respond as needed through the sector. All of the combat craft are purpose built variations of the Valkyrie model, which gives us the benefits of swapping parts and co-mingling techs as needed."
The pilot gestured toward the bay and said, "Last thing I can think of that you might need to know is that the frame crews are color coded so that we can make sure the wrong person isn't in the wrong place."
Then Rhein grinned, "And, now one of my favorite parts. Computer," he ordered, "Sound boots and saddles!"
Immediately a klaxon blared once, and red lights began blinking in the bay and then some kind of horn began playing.
"That's my touch on all this. An old fashioned cavalry call. It tells the pilots of a particular squad to get their butts in the spacecraft and ready for immediate launch.
Tyler smiled and laughed. "Well I'll be. I never thought there would be another cowboy out here. Nice touch."
Rhein grinned back, "Well, I think it adds character and it's always good for everyone to think a CAG is a bit loony. Mean's they think more than once before bothering me with anything that's not important."
Out in the bay, crews raced for their ships under Captain Rhein's eyes and within about three minutes, the fighters engines were warmed and a operations officer nearby said, "All craft signal ready, Captain?"
"Hrmm," Rhein commented. "Kinda slow, especially number four. Dawson must have had a big lunch…"
"How fast can we muster an alert squad if needed. Also, how well versed are your pilots in pinpoint drop maneuvers?" Tyler asked the Captain. It might have been the paranoia talking but Tyler had a gut feeling that there would be a reason for these fighters and soon.
Rhein considered Tyler's question for a few moments, then said "Well, we've got a Barrier Combat Patrol out 24/7, eighty thousand kilometers beyond the stations' sensors. Then we keep six spacecraft on alert status like you just saw, ready to launch in five minutes or less, though I like to have it at half that. The rest of the squadron can launch within within fifteen minutes of the order being given."
"After that, Rhein said, "We just need something to blow up."
"That sounds great! Let's just hope that we never have to give you something to blow up." Tyler said with a smile. Then after a moments pause he looked at both Neil and the Captain at the same time. "I would like the pilots here to coordinate training maneuvers with Lance Corporal Kunadt. My thought is there may come a time when the fighters here have to escort the Hawkeye. I want everyone to be on the same page before that time comes."
Rhein glanced at the two Pioneer officer's and chuckled. "Well, that might come sooner than you expect, Captain. I'd say more, but if you haven't spoken to Colonel G'rash, then I won't speak out of turn."
Gesturing around the area he said, "Not much more to see other than the birds themselves. We can do walk around of the birds themselves or I can see if the Colonel is ready for you?"
"I think a quick look at the birds and then off to the Colonel. I am eager to see what your cryptic comment meant Captain Rhein." Tyler said with a smile as he indicated the fighters.
Minutes later...
"So," Rhein said, taking on an instructor's tone, "These are the Mk-III-D model Valkrie. A multi-roll, two place, strike fighter. Four year old model of an old design, updated with pretty much everything they can be. Pulse phasers, quantum and photon torpedo's...air to ground ordinance for the support role...and I've got good pilots. There isn't a better unit in the Quadrant."
Tyler smirked at the Captain's last comment. He had become accustomed to Marines stating that they were the best in quadrant. Tyler often wondered how many best units the Marines had. "Looks like a formidable piece of machinery. How fast can we get them flying when needed?"
Captain Rhein gave the Pioneer CO a sideways look then said, "As I mentioned, we've got a Barrier Combat Patrol out , that's usually two flights of two, patrolling. After that there's the Alert five, fighters that you saw drill when you arrived. The rest of the squadron can launch within within fifteen minutes of the order being given."
Tyler nodded as in deep thought. He was worried about the Romulans and about what they may be planning. "Captain, I think we need to try to cut that fifteen down. Maybe even as far down as five minutes. With Romulans involved we can never be too ready. They want to talk right now but that can change at the drop of a hat."
Rhein glanced at Neil, who's face remained expressionless, then met Tyler's eyes and said. "Well, Captain. Right now our alert status is set per RDF requirements and the Standard Operating Protocols. If you want those changed, talk to the General and his staff. I don't take orders from you. Last time I checked, there's a chain of command."
Tyler's eyes shifted for a moment at Rhein, as Tyler wondered why the Captain would get so defensive. However, he wanted fire so Tyler would give him fire. "Actually Captain you are deployed at Command's request. At the moment Command has decided that your unit is to be placed at the disposal of Starbase Sirius. That means that your missions will come at the request of the Fleet Captains, and Admiral Lancaster. So while you are correct in stating that I should check in with the General and his staff about that, and believe me I will be. Your stance on whether or not you take orders from me is incorrect."
Rhein half glowered at Tyler and said, "Well, if that's the case. Then yes sir. No offense but I'll be checking on that. As of right now, my standing orders are what they are."
Tyler waited for the Marine to respond before he proceeded. "Also Captain I never gave you an order. It was more of a request. I will contact the General and then you will have your order."
"Fine. We'll let the General and Fleet sort it out, Captain. For now, I do have duties to attend to so you gentlemen have a pleasant day."
Rhein saluted, then turned on his heel and walked back toward the control area.
Neil, an amused smile on his lips, commented, "Touchy..."
With a quick nod of the head Tyler indicated that they should move on. He could not resist a small smirk at the other Captain's expense. "Indeed, someone needs a thicker skin."
A Joint Post By,
Captain Cornelius Tremble
Marine Commanding Officer/Second Officer, USS Pioneer
Captain Tyler Malbrooke
Commanding Officer, USS Pioneer


text:
Algeria - Education
Education in Algeria largely continues to follow the pattern laid down during the French administration, but its scope has been greatly extended. Public primary and secondary schools were unified in 1976 and private schools were abolished. Expenditure on education was estimated at 6% of GDP in 1999. The government has given priority to teacher training, technical and scientific programs, as well as adult literary classes.
Education is officially compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 15. The public schools are regulated jointly by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the study of Islam is a required part of the curriculum. Arabic is the official language although French and Berber are also in widespread usage. The adult illiteracy rate for the year 2000 stood at 34% (males, 24% and females, 43%). In 1997 there were a total of 170,956 teachers and 4,674,947 students in primary schools. Secondary schools employed 151,948 teachers and enrolled 2,618,242 students in the same year. In 1998, the primary pupil-teacher ratio was 28 to 1.
In 1999 there were 10 universities along with five centers, seven colleges, and five institutes for higher learning. The University of Algiers (founded in 1909), its affiliated institutes, and other regional universities enrolled 267,142 students in 1996. The universities provide a varied program of instruction that stresses development-related subjects. Many technical colleges also are in operation.
Also read article about Algeria from Wikipedia
Oct 26, 2010 @ 9:09 am
what is the age started in schools how long is a day and how long is a year?
Feb 27, 2011 @ 8:20 pm
this was no help at all hello how long do u stay in school where is all the information u need well i think u need to improve this big time ;(
Jan 18, 2012 @ 12:12 pm
the government always give important to education as a result the education in Algeria is successful.
ons.dz
Here's the website of office of statistics on education and more.
Nacef Meriem Roumaissa
Jan 18, 2014 @ 10:10 am
what is information about the education in Algeria ?.How the Algerian per-university education system works ?.
Algeria forum