For the true lemon lovers! Try this Iced Lemon Cookie e-liquid and give yourself a treat with it's sweet cookie flavor infused with a lemony kick that is sure to satisfy your cravings.
This is an e liquid for e cigarettes that comes in 30ml, 50ml, and 120ml sized bottles with the nicotine consistency of your choosing.


Making your car look brand new after it has been in a crash takes an expert in collision repair. When you come to International Body Shop with your car, it may be difficult to envision how god it is going to look, but we know that when you leave you are going to be incredibly happy with the results.
Cars, trucks, whatever kind of vehicle, are a big investment for people, and we know that it can be devastating to see it after a crash. That moment when someone sees the excellent work that we have done, often making the car look better than it has in a long time, we know that people are bowled over.
After Your Accident You Need To Call Us, Call Now!
We really love what we do, and we really like to help people, and this communicates. Our whole business is to make our customers feel good, and to provide them with a safe and great looking vehicle that looks like it just rolled off the assembly line.
If you live in Elmhurst and you need some help because you have had an accident, we are the place to come. Call us today, and we will be happy to set up an appointment for you, or answer any questions that you may have.


A change in the law means learner drivers are now allowed to have lessons on motorways - so keep an eye out for 'L' plates on the M25 and M23.
Previously only those who had passed their driving test could do so, as well as the option of the 'Pass Plus' test, but from Monday (June 4) lessons can take place in a dual-control car with an approved driving instructor.
The aim is to reduce the anxiety felt by many drivers taking to the motorway for the first time on their own having just passed their test.
It is also hoped learners will become more prepared for problems that often come up on the motorway.
Motorway driving isn't going to be part of the test but it is hoped that making motorways part of regular driver training will help improve road safety.
Any motorway lessons will be voluntary so it will be up to the driving instructor to decide when the learner driver is competent enough for motorways.
Additional learning materials are being given to instructors for additional guidance, as reported by Get Surrey.
The change only applies to learner drivers of cars. Learner motorcyclists still won't be allowed on motorways.


You can set the default numeric formatting in UUT Report menu bar, in the upper right corner of the report. The chosen format is stored in the database on a per user basis. WATS do not collect the formatting details from TestStand.


Who among the visitors to last years Monaco Yacht Show can forget the two Fijian warriors, dressed in traditional garb, handing out brochures and sharing a bilo of kava with guests.
Many visitors stopped by the stand simply to try the grog. The warriors were so popular they were invited onto the Superyachts moored in the harbor for the show and even to the Monaco Yacht Club, which has a strict dress code, ignored for the two warriors. Their presence in Monaco was all part of the island groups efforts to promote and market Fiji as a yachting destination and now it is are paying dividends.
Where's the dividend from such promotion?
Writing in the Fiji Sun Newspaper John Ross a locally based marketing and advertising specialist with a long background in tourism points to the just published Annual Survey of the yachting tourism market in Fiji shows a dramatic growth in both the number of yachts and the amount of money contributed directly into the Fiji economy from yacht tourism.
The report reveals that in total 713 yachts arrived last year and contribution to the economy was 39.5 million (up 27% from 2013). The survey shows that each Super Yacht spent an average of $293,333 during their stay in the country.
What is interesting is that that there were more Superyachts visiting Fiji than Australia and New Zealand combined in 2014.
Fiji has become an "absolute must" destination for these yachts. Yachting will dramatically grow the tourism industry in the Lau group and provide income for the population there.
In the Pacific, the only other option is Tahiti.


text:
Der Oberhof Ballenstedt liegt in der südlichen Altstadt von Ballenstedt neben dem Rathaus.

Heutzutage ein Schlossbau, war der Oberhof einst eine befestigte Stadtburg, die sich seit ihrem Bau im 16. Jahrhundert im Lehnsbesitz ihrer Erbauer, der Herren von Stammer, befand. Deren Grabsteine und Epitaphe aus dem 16. Jahrhundert befinden sich noch in der Ballenstedter Nikolaikirche. Später gehörte es der Familie von Krosigk und ab 1825 dem herzoglichen Haus Anhalt-Bernburg.

Im Inneren des spätgotischen Dreiflügelbaus sind noch immer die Kreuzgewölbe im Erdgeschoss aus der Erbauungszeit erhalten. Der Verbindungsgang zwischen dem West- und Ostflügel wurde im 19. Jahrhundert eingefügt.

Im Jahr 1869 erwarb Armgard von Alvensleben aus dem Hause Neugattersleben den Besitz, legte den 15.000 m² großen Park an und hinterließ den Oberhof 1920 der Alvensleben´schen Familienstiftung.

Ab dem Jahre 1948 beherbergte der Oberhof eine Kindertagesstätte. Diese ist im Jahr 2002 aufgelöst worden. Heute befindet er sich wieder im Besitz der Familie von Alvensleben.
2010 wurde mit der Sanierung des Schlossbaues begonnen, welche von der Deutschen Stiftung Denkmalschutz mit 30.000 Euro gefördert wird.

Literatur

 Udo von Alvensleben: Alvenslebensche Burgen und Landsitze. Dortmund 1960.
 Anco Wigboldus: Burgen, Schlösser und Gärten. Deutsche Burgenvereinigung, Marksburg über Braubach/Rhein 1974, S. 72–73 (Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Burgenvereinigung. Band 8).
 Georg Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Der Bezirk Halle. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 1976, S. 24.

Weblinks

 Oberhof Ballenstedt und Joachim Schubart: Weitere Spuren der Alvensleben in Ballenstedt
 Internetseite der Familie von Alvensleben über den Oberhof
 Informationen und Fotos auf der Internetseite der Stadt Ballenstedt

Einzelnachweise

Ballenstedt, Oberhof
Ballenstedt
Bauwerk des Adelsgeschlechts Alvensleben
Bauwerk in Ballenstedt
Gotisches Bauwerk in Sachsen-Anhalt
Kulturdenkmal in Ballenstedt
Ballenstedt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
International Psychogeriatrics (1)
Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (1)
Role of common mental and physical disorders in partial disability around the world
Ronny Bruffaerts, Gemma Vilagut, Koen Demyttenaere, Jordi Alonso, Ali AlHamzawi, Laura Helena Andrade, Corina Benjet, Evelyn Bromet, Brendan Bunting, Giovanni de Girolamo, Silvia Florescu, Oye Gureje, Josep Maria Haro, Yanling He, Hristo Hinkov, Chiyi Hu, Elie G. Karam, Jean-Pierre Lepine, Daphna Levinson, Herbert Matschinger, Yoshibumi Nakane, Johan Ormel, Jose Posada-Villa, Kate M. Scott, Matthew Varghese, David R. Williams, Miguel Xavier, Ronald C. Kessler
Mental and physical disorders are associated with total disability, but their effects on days with partial disability (i.e. the ability to perform some, but not full-role, functioning in daily life) are not well understood.
To estimate individual (i.e. the consequences for an individual with a disorder) and societal effects (i.e. the avoidable partial disability in the society due to disorders) of mental and physical disorders on days with partial disability around the world.
Respondents from 26 nationally representative samples (n = 61 259, age 18+) were interviewed regarding mental and physical disorders, and day-to-day functioning. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview, version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) was used to assess mental disorders; partial disability (expressed in full day equivalents) was assessed with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule in the CIDI 3.0.
Respondents with disorders reported about 1.58 additional disability days per month compared with respondents without disorders. At the individual level, mental disorders (especially post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and bipolar disorder) yielded a higher number of days with disability than physical disorders. At the societal level, the population attributable risk proportion due to physical and mental disorders was 49% and 15% respectively.
Mental and physical disorders have a considerable impact on partial disability, at both the individual and at the societal level. Physical disorders yielded higher effects on partial disability than mental disorders.
Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: cross-national community study
Sing Lee, Adley Tsang, Ronald C. Kessler, Robert Jin, Nancy Sampson, Laura Andrade, Elie G. Karam, Maria Elena Medina Mora, Kathleen Merikangas, Yoshibumi Nakane, Daniela Georgeta Popovici, Jose Posada-Villa, Rajesh Sagar, J. Elisabeth Wells, Zahari Zarkov, Maria Petukhova
Journal: The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 196 / Issue 3 / March 2010
Print publication: March 2010
The epidemiology of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder in the community is largely unknown.
To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of rapid-cycling and non-rapid-cycling bipolar disorder in a large cross-national community sample.
The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI version 3.0) was used to examine the prevalence, severity, comorbidity, impairment, suicidality, sociodemographics, childhood adversity and treatment of rapid-cycling and non-rapid-cycling bipolar disorder in ten countries (n = 54 257).
The 12-month prevalence of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder was 0.3%. Roughly a third and two-fifths of participants with lifetime and 12-month bipolar disorder respectively met criteria for rapid cycling. Compared with the non-rapid-cycling, rapid-cycling bipolar disorder was associated with younger age at onset, higher persistence, more severe depressive symptoms, greater impairment from depressive symptoms, more out-of-role days from mania/hypomania, more anxiety disorders and an increased likelihood of using health services. Associations regarding childhood, family and other sociodemographic correlates were less clear cut.
The community epidemiological profile of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder confirms most but not all current clinically based knowledge about the illness.
Antidepressant medications and other treatments of depressive disorders: a CINP Task Force report based on a review of evidence
Norman Sartorius, Thomas C. Baghai, David S. Baldwin, Barbara Barrett, Ursula Brand, Wolfgang Fleischhacker, Guy Goodwin, Heinz Grunze, Martin Knapp, Brian E. Leonard, Jeffrey Lieberman, Yoshibumi Nakane, Roger M. Pinder, Alan F. Schatzberg, Jaromír Švestka, Pierre Baumann, Kareem Ghalib, John C. Markowitz, Frank Padberg, Max Fink, Toshiaki Furukawa, Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis, Peter Jensen, Shigenobu Kanba, Anita Riecher-Rössler
Journal: / Volume 10 / Issue S1 / December 2007
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 December 2007, pp. S1-S207
Further Evidence of Westernization of Dementia Prevalence in Nagasaki, Japan, and Family Recognition
Keiko Hatada, Yuji Okazaki, Kazuyasu Yoshitake, Koichi Takada, Yoshibumi Nakane
Journal: International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 11 / Issue 2 / June 1999
The present study examined the prevalence of dementia in the Nagasaki Prefecture. The purposes of our investigation were (a) to study the relationship between aging and the prevalence of dementia and the ratio of Alzheimer's disease (AD) to vascular dementia (VD), (b) to understand the features of early-onset dementia as seen in patients from 60 to 65 years, and (c) to examine the recognition of dementia by family members. The subjects of the study, a total of 4,368, were all 60 years old and over and were residing in the three areas of Nagasaki Prefecture at the time of the investigation, August 1995. We adopted a two-stage design. The first-stage questionnaire that we developed was delivered to subjects, and we selected for the second stage those subjects who met the criteria outlined in the Methods section. The second-stage investigation was an interview by community nurses and psychiatrists. The prevalence of dementia in subjects 60 years and over was 6.2% (men: 5.9%; women:6.8%). The prevalence increased with age. The AD/VD ratio was 1.4, and was similar to the recent trend in Japan in that the ratio has reversed to resemble the western pattern. In regard to the family members' recognition of illness, the higher the severity of dementia, the higher the recognition ratio of family members became. Only half of these subjects were recognized as having dementia by their family members. In conclusion, the westernization of the AD/VD ratio in Japan was proved. There was little study about family recognition of dementia. In this study, it was remarkable that only half of the subjects were recognized as having dementia by their family members.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: What is the most common collocation to describe the seven trumpets blown in Revelation? Revelation 8:1-2 (of the Bible) says the following (KJV):

And when he had opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven about the space of half an hour.
  And I saw the seven angels which stood before God; and to them were given seven trumpets.

I want a concise way to refer to these seven trumpets. Options I have considered include:

*

*the seven trumpets of Revelation

*the seven trumpet blasts of Revelation

(or substitute "the Apocalypse" for "Revelation" in either case).
Is any of these phrases the most common collocation for describing the event mentioned in Revelation 8:1-2; if so, which one; and if not, what is? If it matters, assume some variety of British English or General American English, as suits you.
Note: for my use case, the collocation must include a reference to both an instrument being blown and an allusion to Christian eschatology. Other aspects (e.g. the number of instruments; the specific name of the instrument; etc.) are negotiable.

A: The great judgments of the Tribulation consist of seven seals, which were attached to the "title deed" to the earth.  In that deed, which only the Lamb is found worthy to open, are all the events that would transpire before God brings history to a close with His destruction of the old heavens and earth and the creation of the new heavens and the new earth. Within the seventh seal are the judgments of both the seven trumpets and the seven bowls, with the judgments of the seven bowls coming after the seventh angel sounds the seventh trumpet.
In other words, you have

*

*one scroll

*seven seals, which seal up all the judgments of the entire Tribulation period

*the seventh seal consists of the judgments of the seven trumpets, followed by the judgments of the seven bowls

*the seventh trumpet signals the pouring out of the first bowl, which is followed by the pouring out of the second-through-the-seventh bowls

How best to collocate just the judgments of the seven trumpets and what transpires after each successive trumpet is sounded (or blown) is a little tricky, especially since the seventh trumpet is not a judgment, per se, but rather it announces seven subsequent judgments which in turn usher in the denouement.
Compounding the difficulty is that within "Christian eschatology," as you put it, there are probably a dozen or more mutually-exclusive ways of looking at the ordering of the events and  chronology of the Great Tribulation. Some Christians (though I am not one of them) believe our 2013 world is now experiencing some part or aspect of that Great Tribulation.
Perhaps the simplest ploy is to call the judgments of the seven trumpets exactly that, but with a few extra words:

"The Sounding of the Judgments of the Seven Trumpets During the Great Tribulation of the Apocalypse."

There are, by the way, other trumpets both in John's book and elsewhere in the New Testament (e.g., Rev 1:10 and 4:1; the trumpet of God in 1 Cor 15:52 and 1 Thess 4:16; and other trumpets mentioned elsewhere, as in Heb. 12:19). Moreover, the judgment of the seventh trumpet subsumes the seven judgments of the seven bowls. What to do, what to do?
I leave it to you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Calm: Anxiety
The Seven Most Calming Works of Art in the World
Art has never been mere entertainment. Alongside philosophy and religion, it has been humanity's chief source of consolation. It is what we should turn to in our very worst moments.
Here are seven of the most calming works of art ever produced.
1. Hiroshi Sugimoto, The Atlantic Ocean, 1989
Because of the way our minds work, it is very hard for us to be anything other than immensely preoccupied with what is immediately close to us in time and space. But in the process, we tend to exaggerate the importance of certain frustrations that do not, in the grander scheme, merit quite so much agitation and despair. We are inveterately poor at retaining perspective. Art can help by carrying us out of present circumstances and reframing events against a more imposing or vast backdrop.
This is a move being made by the Japanese photographer Hiroshi Sugimoto through his gigantic empty photographs of the Atlantic ocean in a variety of moods. What is most notable in these sublime scenes is that humanity is nowhere in the frame. We are afforded a glimpse of what the planet looked like before the first creatures emerged from the seas. Viewed against such an immemorial scene, the precise discontents of our times matter ever so slightly less. We regain composure not by being made to feel more important, but by being reminded of the miniscule and momentary nature of everyone and everything.
As our eyes wander over the vast grey swell of the sea, we can immerse ourselves in an attitude of gratifying indifference to ourselves and everything about our laughably minor fate. The waters of time will close over us; and it will – thankfully – be as if we had never lived.
2. Ansel Adams, Aspens, Dawn, Autumn, 1937
Because death is always such a personal tragedy, because it can sometimes feel as if it was something we have been singled out for while others are still playing volleyball down at the gym in full health, it is helpful to be reminded that it will eventually prove a non-negotiable necessity for every living thing on the planet, from the Burgundy snail to the South American tapir, the dental hygienist to the genius-level left side hitter.
There can be consolation in contemplating the presence of death in species and life forms other than our own – just to enforce the message of the ubiquity of the end.
In Ansel Adams's photograph, a row of aspens have been surprised by the photographer's light and stand out as strands of silver against the blackness of night. The mood is sombre, but elegant. There is a consoling message within the artistry that can appease our raw grief and anxiety about our mortality and the fleetingness of time. The image invites us to see ourselves as part of the mesmerising spectacle of nature. Nature's rules apply to us as much as they do to the trees of the forest. It's not personal. The photograph is a reframing device: it invites us to think of our own deaths as having a natural order that has nothing to do with individual justice. The photograph tries to take the personal sting out of what is happening to us.
Leaves always wither and fall. Autumn necessarily follows from spring and summer. Encountering this spectacle in art, we are invited to reframe our thoughts about mortality in the broad purview of nature: nature's sequences apply to us as much as they do to plants and trees. Time moves forward relentlessly. The seasons pass – and we hasten towards old age, death and oblivion. The image takes these awkward truths and, through its technical skills, lends them a redemptive dignity and grandeur.
3. Ludolf Bakhuysen, Warships in a Heavy Storm, 1695
In the 17th century, the Dutch developed a tradition of painting that depicted ships in violent storms. These works, which hung in private homes and in municipal buildings around the Dutch republic, were not mere decoration. They had an explicitly therapeutic purpose to them: they were delivering a moral to their viewers, who lived in a nation critically dependent on maritime trade, about confidence in seafaring and life more broadly. The sight of a tall sailing ship being tossed to a twenty degree angle in a rough sea looks – to an inexperienced person – like a catastrophe. But there are many situations that look and feel much more dangerous than they really are, especially when the crew is prepared and the ship internally sound.
The Dutch painter Ludolf Bakhuysen's Warships in a Heavy Storm looks chaotic in the extreme: how could they possibly survive? But the ships were well-designed for just such situations. Their hulls had been minutely adapted through long experience to withstand the tempests of the northern oceans. The crews practiced again and again the manoeuvers that could keep such their vessels safe: they knew about taking down sails at speed and ensuring that the wind would not shred the mast. They understood about shifting cargo in the hull, tacking to the left and then abruptly to the right, and pumping out water from the inner chambers. They knew to remain coolly scientific in responding to the storm's wilful frantic motions. The picture pays homage to decades of planning and experience. Bakhuysen wanted us to feel proud of humanity's resilience in the face of apparently dreadful challenges. His painting enthuses us with the message that we can all cope far better than we think; what appears immensely threatening may be highly survivable.
What is true of storms in the North Sea may be no less true of the turmoils in our lives. The storms will die down, we will be battered, a few things will be ripped, but we will eventually return to safer shores.
4. Claude Monet, Poppies, 1873
Much to the consternation of sophisticated people, a great deal of popular enthusiasm is directed at works of art that are distinctly cheerful: meadows in spring, the shade of trees on hot summer days, pastoral landscapes, and smiling children.
The highest selling postcard of art in France is Poppies by Claude Monet.
Sophisticated people tend to scorn. They are afraid that such enthusiasms might be evidence of a failure to acknowledge or understand the awful dimensions of the world. But there is another way to interpret this taste: that it doesn't arise from an unfamiliarity with suffering, but from an all too close and pervasive involvement with it – from which we are impelled occasionally to seek relief if we are not to fall into despair and self-disgust. Far from naivety, it is precisely the background of suffering that lends an intensity and dignity to our engagement with this work of art. Claude Monet hasn't just made a pretty picture; he has bottled hope.
5. Caspar David Friedrich, Rocky Reef on the Sea Shore, 1825
Caspar David Friedrich shows us a striking, jagged rock formation, a spare stretch of coast, the bright horizon, far away clouds and a pale sky to induce us into a mood. We might imagine walking in the pre-dawn, after a sleepless night, on the bleak headland, away from human company, alone with the basic forces of nature.
The picture does not refer directly to the stresses and tribulations of our day to day lives. Its function is to give us access to a state of mind in which we are acutely conscious of the largeness of time and space. The work is sombre, rather than sad; calm, but not despairing. And in that condition of mind – that state of soul, to put it more romantically – we are left, as so often with works of art, better equipped to deal with with the intense, intractable and particular griefs that lie before us.
6. Anonymous, Kintsugi Bowl, 1990
The Japanese have an artistic tradition, known as kintsugi, wherein the broken pieces of an accidentally-smashed pot are carefully picked up, reassembled and then glued together with lacquer inflected with a luxuriant gold powder – to create a beautiful ode to the art of repair. In kintsugi, there is no attempt to disguise the damage, the point is to render the fault-lines obvious and elegant. The precious veins of gold are there to emphasise that things falling apart isn't unexpected or panic-inducing: it creates an opportunity for us to mend – and mend redemptively.
7. Richard Serra, Fernando Pessoa, 2007-8
We're often intensely lonely in our suffering. We're not only sad, we believe we're the only ones to be so. But we are, in reality, all on the edge of despair. We should learn to suffer with less of a sense of persecution or an impression that we have unfairly been singled out for punishment.
'Fernando Pessoa' is a beautifully dark monumental work by Richard Serra, named after a Portuguese poet with a turn for lamentation (as he wrote: 'Oh salty sea / how much of your salt is tears from Portugal.').
The work does not deny our sorrows, it does not tell us to cheer up or point us in a brighter direction (what people often do when we tell them our troubles). The large scale and monumental character of this intensely sombre sculpture implicitly declares the normality and universality of grief. It is confident that we will recognise and respond to the legitimate place of solemn emotions in an ordinary life. Rather than leaving us alone with our darker moods, the work proclaims them as central features of life. In its stark gravity, like many of the greatest works of art, Serra's 'Fernando Pessoa' creates a dignified home for sorrow.
Too many books have been written trying to explain what art might be for. In moments of great crisis, the answer is only too obvious: art is there to help keep us alive.
Emotional First Aid Kit
A box of wise emergency advice for 20 key psychological situations
We know how useful it can be to have a first aid kit to hand. A kit naturally can't solve everything, but what counts is that it is immediately present...
Meditations on the Anxious Mind
Far more than we tend to realise, we're all – in private – deeply anxious. There is so much that worries us across our days and nights...
Calm Prompt Cards
60 prompt cards designed to help you find perspective
Every day brings with it temptations to lose our tempers: the behaviour of partners, colleagues, children – and computers...
Preparing for Disaster
We may not think of it in quite such naive terms, but we are liable to start out – somewhere in the semi-conscious mind – with a script of how our…
The True Cause of Dread and Anxiety
For many of us, the dominant emotions we experience day to day are those of dread and anxiety. They are what colour the background to many – far too many –…
Self-Hatred & Anxiety
The temptation, with dealing with anxiety, is always and invariably to focus on the ostensible cause of our worry: the journey to the airport, the forthcoming speech, the letter one is…


The snow is here and it doesn't show signs of stopping. In our last post we talked about how the snow brings lots of new adventurous opportunities. Now we wanted to get specific and name a few places you can go so you can enjoy your winter to the fullest.
Cannonsburg in Belmont, Michigan has Tubing, Skiing, and Snowboarding all in one place.
This park has the activities you want and more. Ice Skating, Cross-Country Skiing, Snowshoeing, Winter Luge, and Sledding.
For family fun Tubing and Tobogganing, check out Echo Valley in Kalamazoo.
This ranch transforms from a summer fun destination to a winter wonderland when the snow arrives. They have Tubing, Dog Sledding, Horse-Drawn Sleigh Rides, and Horseback Trail Rides through the snow!
For an all-around winter park experience, head up to Boyne Mountain. Not only does Boyne have plenty of great Skiing, the have a full Spa, Indoor Water Park, Groomer Rides, Cross Country Skiing, Fat Tire Snow Biking, Horseback Trail Riding, Horse-Drawn Rides, Ice Skating, Ski Racing, Snowshoeing, Tubing, and Zipline Adventures.
According to Pure Michigan, there are more than 6,500 trails for snowmobiling throughout the state.
For a beautiful Hike and snowy scenery, visit Tahquamenon Falls in Paradise, Michigan.
Fumee Lake Natural Area is a beautiful Hiking, Cross Country Skiing, and Snowshoeing park in the Upper Peninsula.
To try a popular winter activity, head up to Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore.
Enjoy your this year's winter wonderland before it melts away. To make sure that you and your family are safe before venturing out to these awesome winter activities, stop into your nearest Wonderland Tire location and have your tires checked and prepped for the elements.


Your plane has just reached the target area where you will parachute undetected into enemy territory. Seconds before you can activate your most important piece of equipment, your cell phone, the plane is hit by a missile that no one could have foreseen. Your only escape from a fiery death is to leap from the cargo doors. As you dive through the air, you catch up with your falling cell phone, grab it, and open your parachute. Once you land, you inspect all your gear for damage. There's one tool you aren't worried about, though: your cell phone. That's because, unlike most phone cases, your LG V20 case is designed with an explosion-resistant shield and shock-absorbing technology. Your confidence is validated when you confirm that the phone and its case are still in perfect condition.
Now, you move onto the next phase of your mission. You must move stealthily under the radar of your enemy in order to infiltrate his party in the disguise of a guest – but not just any guest. You are the most attractive person in the room, garnering the attention of countless admirers with your unmistakable sense of style. Many ask for your number, and when they spot your LG V20 case with its perfectly sculpted aluminum frame, they can't help but acknowledge your good taste.
After skillfully withdrawing from the party, you slip into your enemy's main office, where you upload your spy software to his computer. This is no problem for you or your phone, because even with the LG V20 case's state-of-the-art protection, all ports remain easily accessible. Now that you have uploaded and downloaded all necessary files, your mission is complete, and all that's left to do is make your escape.
You've almost reached the exit when you are ambushed by your adversary's henchmen. They don't faze you. You're specially trained in martial arts to deal with these situations. You manage to quickly disable all of your attackers, but your phone takes a pretty hard hit during the scuffle. You forget for a moment about the shock-absorbing toughness of all LG cases, so you check your phone again, only to discover that it's working perfectly and hasn't suffered a single scratch.
Mission accomplished. You impress your fellow agents with your stories, and the HQ director takes note of your expert decision in choosing the right phone case for the job. He decides to make the LG V20 cases standard issue for all agents and promotes you to top agent. Well done, agent. Well done indeed.


text:
La  des Molières s'est déroulée le dimanche  à la Maison des arts et de la culture de Créteil. Retransmise en direct sur France 2, la cérémonie est présentée par Laurent Lafitte. En lever de rideau, une comédie de Victor Haïm, adaptée et mise en scène par Zabou Breitman, Jeux de scène avec Zabou Breitman et Léa Drucker.

Michel Galabru en est le Président d'honneur.

Molière du comédien
 Christian Hecq dans Un fil à la patte
 Niels Arestrup dans Diplomatie
 Jean-François Balmer dans Henri IV, le bien-aimé
 Jean-Claude Dreyfus dans Le Mardi à Monoprix
 André Dussollier dans Diplomatie
 Micha Lescot dans Les Chaises

Molière de la comédienne
 Catherine Hiegel dans La Mère
 Valeria Bruni Tedeschi dans Rêve d'Automne
 Julie Depardieu dans Nono Maaike Jansen dans Le Technicien Dominique Reymond dans Les Chaises Hélène Vincent dans La Célestine Molière du comédien dans un second rôle
 Guillaume Gallienne dans Un fil à la patte
 Maxime d'Aboville dans Henri IV, le bien-aimé Jean-Michel Dupuis dans Le Prénom Thierry Hancisse dans Un fil à la patte Guillaume de Tonquédec dans Le Prénom Bernard Verley dans Rêve d'automne Molière de la comédienne dans un second rôle
 Bulle Ogier dans Rêve d'automne
 Valérie Benguigui dans Le Prénom Brigitte Catillon dans Nono Dominique Constanza dans Un fil à la patte Nanou Garcia dans Aller chercher demain Christiane Millet dans Funérailles d'hiver Molière du jeune talent masculin
 Guillaume Marquet dans Le Dindon
 Grégory Benchenafi dans Mike Laurent Cazanave dans Brume de dieu Benjamin Jungers dans La Maladie de la famille M. Davy Sardou dans Le Nombril Molière du jeune talent féminin
 Georgia Scalliet dans Les Trois Sœurs
 Aurore Auteuil dans Le Vieux Juif blonde Anaïs Demoustier dans Le Problème Audrey Lamy dans Audrey Lamy- Dernières avant Vegas Molière du théâtre privé
 Le Repas des fauves de Vahé Katcha, mise en scène Julien Sibre, Théâtre Michel Diplomatie de Cyril Gély, mise en scène Stéphan Meldegg, Théâtre de la Madeleine
 Henri IV, le bien-aimé de Daniel Colas, mise en scène Daniel Colas, Théâtre des Mathurins
 Le Mec de la tombe d'à côté de Katarina Mazetti, mise en scène Panchika Velez, Théâtre de la Renaissance

 Molière du théâtre public
 Un fil à la patte de Georges Feydeau, mise en scène Jérôme Deschamps, Comédie-Française Les Chaises d'Eugène Ionesco, mise en scène Luc Bondy, Théâtre Nanterre-Amandiers
 Le Dindon de Georges Feydeau, mise en scène Philippe Adrien, ARRT/Théâtre de la Tempête
 Rêve d'Automne de Jon Fosse, mise en scène Patrice Chéreau, Théâtre de la Ville

 Molière de l'auteur francophone vivant
 Joël Pommerat pour Ma chambre froide Denise Chalem pour Aller chercher demain Daniel Colas pour Henri IV, le bien-aimé Emmanuel Darley pour Le Mardi à Monoprix Matthieu Delaporte et Alexandre de La Patellière pour Le Prénom Valère Novarina pour Le Vrai Sang Molière du metteur en scène
 Julien Sibre pour Le Repas des fauves
 Philippe Adrien pour Le Dindon Patrice Chéreau pour Rêve d'automne Marcial Di Fonzo Bo pour La Mère Bernard Murat pour Le Prénom Joël Pommerat pour Ma chambre froide Molière de l'adaptateur/traducteur
 Julien Sibre pour Le Repas des fauves
 Florence Delay pour La Célestine Alain Ganas pour Le Mec de la tombe d'à côté Dominique Hollier pour Harper Regan Molière du décorateur scénographe
 Richard Peduzzi pour Rêve d'automne
 Camille Duchemin pour Le Repas des fauves Bernard Fau pour Nono Jean Haas pour Le Dindon Molière du créateur de costumes
 Jean-Daniel Vuillermoz pour Henri IV, le bien-aimé
 David Belugou pour Nono Vanessa Sannino pour Un fil à la patte Françoise Tournafond pour Les Oiseaux Molière du créateur de lumières
 Dominique Bruguière pour Rêve d'automne
 Fabrice Kebour pour Pluie d'enfer Pascal Noël pour Mike Éric Soyer et Jean-Gabriel Valot pour Ma chambre froide Molière du meilleur spectacle comique
 'Thé à la menthe ou t'es citron ? de Danielle Navarro et Patrick Haudecœur, mise en scène Patrick Haudecœur, Théâtre Fontaine Le Gai Mariage de Gérard Bitton et Michel Munz, mise en scène José Paul et Agnès Boury, Théâtre des Nouveautés
 Le Prénom de Matthieu Delaporte et Alexandre de La Patellière, mise en scène Bernard Murat, Théâtre Édouard VII
 Le Technicien de Éric Assous, mise en scène Jean-Luc Moreau, Théâtre du Palais-Royal

 Molière du théâtre musical
 Une flûte enchantée de Mozart, mise en scène Peter Brook, CICT/Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord Mamma Mia ! de Catherine Johnson, mise en scène Phyllida Lloyd, Théâtre Mogador
 Mike de Gabi Inbar, mise en scène Thomas Le Douarec, Théâtre Comédia
 La Nuit d'Elliot Fall de Vincent Daenen, mise en scène Jean-Luc Revol, Théâtre du Caramel Fou

 Molière des compagnies
 Ma chambre froide, Joël Pommerat/Cie Louis Brouillard Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre, René Loyon/Cie RL
 Les Femmes savantes, Marc Paquien/Cie de l'Intervention
 Le Mardi à Monoprix, Michel Didym/Cie Boomerang

 Molière du spectacle jeune public
 Vy, de Michèle Nguyen et Alberto Garcia Sanchez/Collectif Travaux Publics' P.P. les p'tits cailloux, d'Annabelle Sergent et Vincent Loiseau, mise en scène Anne Marcel/Compagnie Loba
 Terres ! de Lise Martin, mise en scène Nino d'Introna, TNG de Lyon
 Y es-tu ?'' d'Alice Laloy/La comapagnie s'appelle reviens

Molière d'honneur
 Peter Brook

Références

2011
Avril 2011 en France
Distinction attribuée en 2011


text:
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Welcome to the Women's Land Rights (WLR) Help Desk's searchable knowledge base. We post our responses to community submitted questions on this page. To submit a question use our online submission form.
To search for questions and answers by country, keyword, or category use the below search box:
We organize questions and answers by category and they are sorted by the date posted (newest question at the top of each category). Some questions and responses will show up in multiple categories.
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Country Specific Questions & Answers (9)
I would like to know the data of the percentage of women who have obtained title deeds under customary ownership and the status of women land rights under the Tanzanian customary laws.
Unfortunately, I could not find specific data on the percentage of women who have obtained title deeds under customary ownership. The figures I was able to get are all from the FAO database and primarily relate to agricultural land: http://www.fao.org/gender-landrights-database/data-map/statistics/en/?sta_id=1164.
According to the agricultural census from 2002, 19.7 percent of agricultural holders were women and 80.3 percent were men. The agricultural holder is the person who makes the major decisions regarding resource use and exercises management control over the agricultural holding
Of total agricultural land owners, 45.2 percent were women and 54.8 percent were men in 2013 (LSMS-ISA 2012-2013). The agricultural landowner is defined as the legal owner of the agricultural land, but the indicator may not necessarily reflect documented ownership certified by a legal document.
Of total household agricultural land, 16 percent is owned by women and 44 percent is owned by men; 39 percent is owned jointly by women and men (LSMS, 2010-2011,[1] Doss et al. 2015)[2]
While the legal framework generally upholds women's rights to land, in rural areas patriarchal practices predominate whereby men are de facto heads of households and have greater rights to land than women. The law is still weak in regard to women's inheritance rights to land, and inheritance practices discriminate severely against women (FAO GLRD, country study).
Under the Village Land Act, seven-member Village Land Councils must be comprised of at least three women. The Village Land Council has a minimum quorum of four members, at least two of whom must be women. The Act provides that the nine-member Village Adjudication Committees, tasked in part with safeguarding women's interests, must be comprised of at least four women. Five members are required for a quorum; at least two of which must be women (FAO GLRD, country study).
The Land Act of 1999 (Part XII) provides the legal framework for shared tenure. The Act recognizes two forms of shared tenure, joint occupancy and occupancy in common. Joint occupancy can only be created among spouses and exists when land as a whole is occupied jointly under a right of occupancy or lease. This means that: (a) there can be no disposition without agreement by all occupiers; (b) the joint occupiers—while alive—can only transfer their interest to the other joint occupier(s); and (c) when a joint occupier dies, interest vests in the surviving occupier (or occupiers, in which case jointly) (FAO GLRD, country study).
With occupancy in common, each occupier is entitled to an undivided share in the whole. The implications are that: (1) any occupier in common needs the consent in writing of the other occupier(s) before he or she can transact his or her interest to another person, but consent cannot be "unreasonably" withheld and (2) when an occupier dies, his or her share becomes part of the estate and his or her heir inherits the land. The legal presumption is that spouses hold all land that is co-occupied and used by both (or all) as occupiers in common, and the presumption of co-occupancy for spouses applies to granted rights (certificate of occupancy) and customary rights (customary certificate of occupancy). Co-occupancy is not presumed, under the Land Act, to apply to land that belonged to one spouse prior to the marriage (FAO GLRD, country study).
The Law of Marriage Act prohibits one spouse from alienating his or her interest in the matrimonial home (including associated agricultural land allocated by a husband or wife to his or her spouse for exclusive use) without the consent of the other spouse(s) (FAO GLRD, country study).
Click Here for a recent article that discusses the issues your question raises. The article has case studies and gives a good feel for the issues faced by women but does not have hard statistics.
[1] Living Standard Measurement Study (LSMS) survey. LSMS-ISA (LSMS-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture)
[2] Doss, C., Kovarik, C., Peterman, A., Quisuming, A.R., Bold, M.V. den, 2015. Gender inequalities in ownership and control of land in Africa: Myth and Reality. Agricultural Economics 46(2).
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on January 17, 2020
Categories: Country Specific Questions & Answers, Customary Land, Land Registration, Tanzania
Do financial incentives make a difference in terms of getting women's names on land documents?
There is some research that says, "yes." A paper given at the 2018 World Bank Land Conference found that financial conditionality was motivation for joint titling.
Cherchi, Ludovica; Goldstein, Markus; Habyarimana, James; Montalvao, Joao; O'Sullivan, Michael; and Udry, Chris, "Incentives for Joint Land Titling: Experimental Evidence from Uganda," 2018 World Bank Conference On Land And Poverty, The World Bank – Washington DC, March 19-23, 2018.
That research looked at conditionality and gender information as motivation for joint titling—together and separate—in Uganda. The research found that:
Imposing conditionality raised co-titling probability by 31% among gender uninformed HHs, and by 14% among informed HH.
Providing information raised co-titling probability by 16% among HH offered titles unconditionally, and no impact among HH offered titles conditionally.
Fully-subsidized land titles successfully generated high overall demand for titling, as well as for co-titling.
Imposing gender conditionality on subsidy raised demand for co-titling, without dampening overall demand for titling.
Providing additional gender information in isolation further raises demand for co-titling, though not as much as the conditionality, and has no impact on demand for titling.
A reduction in the stamp duty, for lands registered in the name of women, has encouraged women's property ownership rights in some states in India (e.g. Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, and Delhi). https://landportal.org/debates/2017/womens-land-rights-india-and-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on December 16, 2019
Categories: Joint Tenure, Land Registration, Uganda
Do any countries require the consent of both the husband and wife to transfer property used by both, even if only one is the owner?
Yes. Here are two examples, but there are many more. Mozambique's Family law (No 10/2004), states that immovable property, whether belonging to each spouse individually or as common property, may only be transferred to others with the express permission of both spouses. Section 40 of the Uganda Land Act states that spouses have the right to use, access and live on their husband's land and they may withhold their consent to stop land transactions.
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on October 11, 2019
Categories: Family Law, Joint Tenure, Land Registration, Mozambique
What type of incentives have been used effectively to encourage women's names to be included on land rights documents?
Several states in India have lowered the tax placed on legal documents usually in the transfer of assets or property (Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himchal Pradesh, Madya Pradesh, Maharastra, Punjab, and Utter Pradesh). In some states, if land is registered in the name of women, no (or reduced) stamp duty is charged. In other states, if a husband adds his wife to the title, no stamp duty is charged.
In Nepal, the government waives part of the land registration fee when land is registered in a woman's name. The exemption started at 10 percent in 2006, increasing to 20 percent in 2007 and 25 percent in 2009. As a result, the amount of land registered in women's names more than tripled. In Ghana, the number of documents registered by women in their own names in the deeds registration system increased substantially between 2005, when there were only two land registries in the whole country, and 2006, when land administration was decentralized and more registries were opened outside the capital. Decentralization was accompanied by a public awareness campaign, informing women and men about the opening of new deeds registry offices where they could register their documents (See, Governing land for women and men).
Other activities that encourage women's names on documents include promoting the participation of women employees in the registration process and conducting public awareness campaigns that target women and inform them of the importance of land rights and registration, where rights can be registered and under which conditions – service fees, need of proof, etc.
Lao successfully encouraged women's names to be included on documents by funding the Lao Women's Union to educate and inform women of their rights. The Lao Women's Union (LWU) is the official state organization that advocates for gender equity. For a period of time, the LWU was a very active member of the titling brigades. Gender was integrated into the education, training and information dissemination activities at the village level by the LWU.
Be sure there are at least two signature lines on land documents.
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on September 16, 2019
Categories: Ghana, India, Joint Tenure, Land Registration, Lao, Nepal
Tags: Documents, Incentives, Land Rights, Women, Women's Land Rights Help Desk
What is the importance of women's socioeconomic empowerment through land rights in Africa and how can we achieve that?
Research indicates that when women are empowered through having secure rights to land, their agricultural productivity improves; they are more included in household decision-making, which has a positive impact on their families; and their income may improve. Here are some examples from Africa and beyond.
Agricultural yields and investment:
In Rwanda, land titling boosted land investment among male-headed households by 10% and for female-headed households by nearly twice as much (Ali, et al., 2014).
Women's concern over loss of land reduces their investments in land even when their husbands are alive. In Zambia, secure inheritance rights for widows are associated with higher land investment by married couples, including fertilizer application, fallowing, and use of labor-intensive tillage practices meant to reduce erosion and run-off. Investment is highest when the widow inherits, lower when someone in her family inherits, and lowest when the land reverts to the chief or another family member (Dillon & Voena, 2017).
Inclusivity:
Female farmers are largely excluded from modern contract-farming arrangements because they lack secure control over land, labor, and other resources required to guarantee a reliable flow of produce (FAO-SOFA Team & Doss, 2011; Croppenstadt, Goldstein, & Rosas, 2013).
Secure land rights are important for the well-being of families, whether a woman is head of her household or lives in a household headed by a man (Smith, Ramakrishnan, Ndiaye, & Martorell, 2003). Households where women have rights to land are likely to spend a larger portion of household income on food (Menon, ven der Meulen Rodgers, & Nguyen, 2014); an increase in female landholdings is associated with increases in household food expenditure and levels of child education (Katz & Chamorro, 2002); and children of mothers who own land are less likely to be severely underweight because women have control over household decisions (Allendorf, 2007).
In Tanzania, women who reported having strong property and inheritance rights were more likely to be employed outside of the home, more likely to be self-employed, and more likely to have higher gross earnings. Moreover, women in communities with stronger property and inheritance rights for women have greater individual savings (Peterman, 2011). A study in Ethiopia also found that when the larger community of women has land rights, individual women's rights are improved (Holden & Bezu, 2014).
In Ethiopia, in the event of a no-fault divorce, women who brought in some land to the marriage expect to receive more land and livestock in the event of a divorce than those who did not bring land into the marriage, and women who individually own more livestock and hold user rights on a larger share of the household's land expect to receive more land and livestock in the event of divorce than those with no livestock or a smaller share of household land. In addition, women who bring more assets into the household, either at the time of marriage or through inheritance, have more say in farming decisions (Fafchamps & Quisumbing, 2002).
Labor and Income:
In Rwanda, a study by Ali (2017) shows higher incomes for both men and women, a drop in farm labor, and women's shift toward self- and wage-employment.
How do we achieve that?
This is a big question with many moving parts. The critical things are to: (1) understand the context, including the law, customs of different groups, the land tenure systems, the political situation, and what women want to focus on—what are the biggest constraints women face (for example, widows lose rights to their land); and (2) understand which land rights you want to secure or improve—the right to use, the right to benefit from, the right to manage/make decisions—and what would make them more secure (longer term, more enforcable, not changed by marital status, etc.).
Ali, D. A., Deininger, K., & Goldstein, M. (2014). Environmental and gender impacts of land tenure regularization in Africa: pilot evidence from Rwanda. Journal of Development Economics, 110, 262-275.
Allendorf, K. (2007). Do women's land rights promote empowerment and child health in Nepal? World Development, 35(11), 1975-1988.
Dillon, B., & Voena, A. (2017, January). Inheritance Customs and Agricultural Investment.
Croppenstadt, A., Goldstein, M. , & Rosas, N. (2013). Gender and Agriculture, Inefficiencies, Segregation, and Low Productivity Traps. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, Development Economics Vice Presidency, Partnerships, Capacity Building Unit.
Fafchamps, M., & Quisumbing, A. (2002). Control and Ownership Over Assets Within Rural Ethiopian Households. Journal of Development Studies, 38(6).
FAO-SOFA Team, & Doss, C. (2011). The Role of Women and Agriculture. Rome: FAO.
Holden, S., & Bezu, S. (2014). Joint Land Certification, Gendered Preferences, and Land-related Decisions: Are Wives Getting More Involved?". As, Norway: Centre for Land Tenure Studies/School of Economics and Business Norwegian University of Life Sciences.
Katz, E., & Chamorro, J. (2002). Gender, land rights, and the household economy in rural Nicaragua and Honduras. Madison, WI: USAID/BASIS CRSP.
Menon, N., ven der Meulen Rodgers, Y., & Nguyen, H. (2014). Women's Land Rights and Children's Human Capital in Vietnam. World Development, 54, 18-31.
Peterman, A. (2011). Women's Property Rights and Gendered Policies: Implications for Women's Long-term Welfare in Rural Tanzania. Journal of Development Studies, 47(1).
Smith, L., Ramakrishnan, U., Ndiaye, A., & Martorell, R. (2003). The Importance of Women's Status for Child Nutrition in Developing Countries. IFPRI.
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on July 29, 2019
Categories: Economic Development, Ethiopia, Family Law, Inheritance, Outcomes, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia
Timing of regional family laws in Ethiopia
When did Tigray, SNNP, and Oromiya implemented their regional family codes and which components of these laws differ from the Federal Revised Family Code of 2000 (Proclamation No. 213/2000)? Your library includes a link to the English version of Amhara's Family Code of 2003 (Proclamation No. 79/2003), but I cannot find English versions for the other regions. According to Hallward-Driemeier and Gajigo, Amhara, Oromiya, and Tigray updated their family codes between 2000 and 2005 and SNNP did so between 2005 and 2011. I would like to know the precise years in which these regions, and especially SNNP, implemented their family codes.
I do not know of copies of the Revised Family Law in English for any state except Amhara.
Tigray passed its own Family Code in 1998, which served as a model for the Federal Code. The Tigray Region Family Code was revised in 2007.
The Oromia Regional State Family Code, Proc. No. 83/2004 passed in 2004.
The SNNP Family Code was passed in 2004, so implementation would have started in 2005. The Southern Nation, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State's Family Code Proc. No. 75/2004, Debub Negarit Gazetta, 9th Year, Extraordinary Issue No. 1 passed in 2004. I was unable to find it in English, but here's a comparison of the Federal Family Code and the SNNPR Family Code.
Categories: Ethiopia, Family Law, Legal Concepts
We work on systematic land titling projects around the world. Unfortunately, in many cases, the legal framework does not require joint titling for spouses. This is compounded by cultural norms that define men as landowners and decision-makers. In Zambia, for example, several women told enumerators that their husbands alone would determine whose name should be on the title. In situations where joint titling is supported by law, but culturally unknown or even prohibited, what are some effective, practical approaches for promoting joint titling to ensure that women also benefit from such programs?
From your question, I am not sure how much control you have over the design of the systematic land titling program, but for the purpose of this answer, I will assume that you have a reasonable level of influence over the design.
If possible, from the beginning it is helpful to involve local organizations or local government personnel who have regular positive contact with women in the community to understand the specific context of the area where systematic registration will take place. This can be as simple as a meeting with local women's organizations or women leaders to discuss the project, provide information about the process and the law as it relates to women, and then to solicit their input and assistance on how best to ensure women know they have a right to be registered as joint or co-owners and how to implement that right. Identifying and involving women's organizations will help throughout the project. Local organizations can influence men within households, create pressure to jointly register property, as well as oversee that women are included.
Another critical step will be to ensure that all the documents involved in systematic registration have room for at least two names. If there is only one signature line, only the head of household, usually a man, will sign.
Educating and training project personnel, stakeholders, and beneficiaries about the law and about the value and importance of women's names being included on the documents is also critical. Beneficiaries, both men and women, will need to understand the process for registering, including, what is required for registration (are there identification documents required, for example) and how much it will cost. Registration personnel can be required to explain the law and to have all adults, who use the land in any capacity, present at the time of demarcation of the land
There are positive examples of incentives being offered for jointly registering property. For example, the cost for the registration can be lower for joint registration than individual registration. The stamp duty might be waived for joint registration, or other financial incentives can be provided.
Finally, if possible, having women as well as men hired as personnel on the project can encourage women to be more engaged. Being gender inclusive in hiring registrars, surveyors, and community educators is likely to lead to more women being named on documents.
Module 4 of the FAO technical guide: Governing Land for Women and Men provides a good checklist of practical steps that can be taken.
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on June 4, 2019
Categories: Customary Land, Joint Tenure, Land Registration, Zambia
We are preparing a project in Tanzania that will provide land certificates to urban land parcels including in urban informal settlements. We believe that a fair number of residents are renters, including likely many female headed households. What is good practice we can use to secure land rights for both the 'owners' and the 'renters'? And are there any gender specific issues we should look at, be aware of?
While this issue is a concern in many urban and rural settings, there seems to be precious little "how to" information available. What does exist can provide a roadmap, but the details will be dependent on the goal of your project, the current law, and local and national political will.
The most recent research on the topic that I could find comes out of South Africa. I would recommend a book and an article as a good starting place. The book is, UNTITLED: Securing Land Tenure in Urban and Rural South Africa, edited by Donna Hornby, Rosalie Kingwill, Lauren Royston, and Ben Cousins, and published in 2017.
The article is, Land Rights Adjudication: Developing Principles and Processes for ESTA and Labour Tenant Right ' Holders, and was published in June 2017. The article was written by Dr. Rosalie Kingwill for Association for Rural Advancement (AFRA).
The gist of the idea is this:
• Collect evidence from the ground up to understand the local situation/norms of land use.
• Develop standardized evidentiary principles based on current norms where 'like units' can be compared with 'like units' across varied tenure landscapes to allow for local variation and diversity.
• Develop a system of adjudication with clear-cut principles against which to test the legality or veracity of individual land rights by authoritative means.
The registry for "off-register" rights could be separate or a part of the main land registry depending on the existing system. Namibia has passed an act designed to create new forms of title to immovable property and to create a register for these forms of title. The system is expected to operate parallel to the existing registration system. Admittedly, including non-ownership rights in an existing registry or creating a new registry will be a slow and difficult process.
Gender Specific Issues
Anytime a census of rights is taken, women are at risk. Women, who use land and depend on it may nonetheless not be considered to have a right to that land. Thus, the evidence collectors will need to be aware that they are collecting information on who has what interest in which land, and that this information should be collected from every adult member in a household, not only the head of household. In addition, a focused effort will be required to ensure that women, as well as men, are provided notice and receive ongoing information and communication throughout the process. Including women often requires separate meetings or other accommodations.
As well, when registering of rights/interests occurs, there is usually a perception of increased value of the land. Where there is a significant power differential between men and women, women can lose their right to use the land, once the value of that land is increased. It will be important to monitor the effect of the information gathering and to communicate with the community about its purpose and the hoped for outcome.
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on May 9, 2019
Categories: Land Registration, Renting & Leasing, Tanzania, Urban Land & Property
What are the causes of gender inequality and steps taken to solve the gender inequality problems in Uganda?
This is a big question, but fortunately, much has been written about gender inequality and land rights in Uganda. There are two documents that I think will be useful. First, is an overview of the law and practice related to women's land rights—a practice guide— Women's Land Rights in Uganda and the second is the Ugandan Land Policy.
In brief, the practice guide points out some of the legal issues that continue to limit women's rights to land (for example a weak inheritance law) and customary law practices that maintain inequality between men and women.
What can be done about it? Uganda has a very gender positive Land Policy that suggests a complete understanding of the issues facing women. If the Land Policy were to be implemented, gender equality in land rights would be much more likely.
Posted by Renee Giovarelli on April 10, 2019
Categories: Country Specific Questions & Answers, Legal Concepts, Uganda
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I once heard a joke about amnesia, but I forget how it goes.
Not sure if this is quite the right board for this, but I came across this on Tumblr, and I felt that I really, really needed to share this at the NTWF. Hang in there.
I'm a writer and I adore your work. I'm asking this anonymously since I don't need to be dragged through more nonsense than I already have been. What I want to know is how you do it. I admire you and look up to you as a writer (which is funny because you're probably younger than me). You seem so strong and you deal with all this crap, too. How do you keep at it? How do you stick it out when everyone seems to be telling you it's not good enough, that your work isn't up to snuff? How do you be ok?
Hi, anon. I'm sorry for whatever nonsense it is you've been dealing with and hope you're hanging in there since you sent me this. Thank you for all your kind words. They mean a lot to me.
If you're surrounded by people who offer you nothing more constructive than, "You're not good enough," it's time to find new people. Writing is subjective. It's so subjective that anyone who thinks they can make definitive calls on the quality of your or anyone else's work needs to [get out]. Two yesses are what made the difference for me. Two. I got some encouragement, but I got hundreds and hundreds of nos and if I had listened to the more than one person who passed on my stuff because they didn't think they could sell it or the ones who felt it was unlikely to find a readership, I wouldn't be writing back to you right now.
It's important to come to writing with a willingness to learn and an understanding that there's always, always room for improvement, that you can always be better. No one owes it to you to teach you how to do that, but there are a lot of generous folks in writing communities who are willing to help others. Seek them out. Not only that, but there are lots of writing courses, both online and off, available to writers at all stages of their journeys, from those starting out to those who have been in the business a while and are looking for help to take their work to the next level. Maybe this is an option you'd like to check out?
I'm not saying you have to, but I think if you're not getting what you need from the people you're sharing your work with and they're leaving you THIS discouraged and not okay, THAT is not okay. If you can, look for writers who get your work, who can see what you want to do with it, who make you feel excited about it and who make you believe in its potential. That's a large part of what keeps anyone going and you deserve that feeling.
Every book holds a world of possibilities, creatively and professionally. I'm hooked on that. I may not always get what I want (and I don't always get what I want—rejection continues even after you're published), but I feel better for having tried. When I write, I feel like I'm making doors. Maybe this will be the one that opens up to the place I want to be. If it's not that one, maybe it's the next one. I can keep making doors. That's what makes it okay for me.
So keep making doors. Don't let anyone stop you.
Though I thought my audition went terribly, I was actually cast in a fairly important role in our school's upcoming musical!


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Statement by Alaa Salah at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Women, Peace and Security
Alaa Salah was selected to represent civil society at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Women, Peace and Security in October 2019. She spoke in her capacity as an activist, community leader, and member of MANSAM, and on behalf of the NGO Working Group on Women, Peace and Security.
Originally published by the The NGO Working Group on Women, Peace and Security
Madam President, Excellencies, my civil society colleagues, ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning. I am honored to be here with you from Sudan, which is today full of hope for peace, freedom and justice.
My name is Alaa Salah. I am 22 years old and I grew up in Khartoum. Before the revolution, I was a student of architectural engineering. I did not grow up around politics, but in an ordinary middle-class family—my mother is a designer and my father owns a construction company. But, as I would walk to University every day and see my fellow citizens around me, struggling to get food and medicine, half of the country living in poverty, how could one not become political? In December last year, our fight for bread became a fight for our freedom.
I stand before you today to tell you my story, which is one shared by the thousands of ordinary women and men of Sudan who left their homes, their schools and their daily work to take to the streets, to face bullets and teargas, who risked their lives and their livelihoods to demand an end to dictatorship. My journey to you was forged by a long line of Sudanese women who have fought for peace and justice in our communities for decades, well before we arrived at this important moment in the future of Sudan. I wouldn't be here without them.
I address you as a member of MANSAM, a coalition of Sudanese women's civil and political groups, and on behalf of the NGO Working Group on Women, Peace and Security.
My statement will focus on two key issues:
(1) Women's meaningful participation and protection of women's rights; and
(2) Accountability and disarmament.
Women have played an important role in Sudan at pivotal moments in our history—in opposing colonial rule, fighting for the right to vote, as well as in recent struggles against the dictatorship of Omar al-Bashir. It has also taken extraordinary courage to fight for basic rights—to wear trousers, to leave their hair uncovered, to voice their opinions on social media without fear, or to share a meal with male friends—all of which were criminalized by the former regime's public order laws. These laws were designed to quash dissent and also to target women, particularly from the most marginalized and working-class communities, such as tea and food sellers, whose working tools could be confiscated without explanation, who faced penalties, and who could be jailed.
Women and young people were at the forefront of the recent protests, often outnumbering men and accounting for 70 per cent of protestors. I was one of many women chanting, singing and walking with my fellow citizens through the streets. Women led resistance committees and sit-ins, planned protest routes, and disobeyed curfews, even in the midst of a declared state of emergency that left them vulnerable to security forces. Many were teargassed, threatened, assaulted, and thrown in jail without any charge or due process. Both women and men also faced sexual harassment and were raped. Women also faced retaliation from their own families for participating in the protests.
Women served as key members of the Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC) and helped shape the Declaration of Freedom and Change—a roadmap for Sudan's transition from military to civilian rule. However, despite this visible role, despite their courage and their leadership, women have been side-lined in the formal political process in the months following the revolution. Even in the past, when we have achieved a seat at the table—women represented 31 per cent of parliamentarians in 2018—they were often without real influence and left out of decision-making circles. Despite women standing ready to actively contribute to the political negotiations that began in April this year between the military council and the Forces of Freedom and Change, only one woman participated in the talks, that too, only after strong advocacy by women's groups. Now, unsurprisingly, women's representation in the current governance structure falls far below our demand of 50 per cent parity and we are skeptical that the 40 per cent quota of the still-to-be formed legislative council will be met.
For the last 30 years, women's bodies and our rights have been policed; backlash has been swift and violent when patriarchal norms have been challenged. Women activists, politicians, human rights defenders, and peacebuilders continue to be, systematically attacked and targeted, including through sexual violence, which has forced many out of the country entirely. Additionally, women's organizations are at the front line of meeting basic needs and protecting rights in conflict-affected areas, but security restrictions and obstructive administrative requirements prevent critical work from being carried out in areas such as Blue Nile and Nuba Mountains. In particular, humanitarian access to Jebel Marrah, a conflict area in Darfur notorious for the routine use of mass rape by security forces to terrorize women and girls, continues to be a major challenge in the provision of life-saving services for those communities.
Given women's pivotal role in working towards peace and development, in the promotion of human rights, and in providing humanitarian assistance to communities in need, there is no excuse for us not to have an equal seat at every single table. If we are not represented at the peace table, and if we don't have a meaningful voice in parliament, our rights will not be guaranteed, and discriminatory and restrictive laws will remain unchanged, continuing the cycle of instability and violence. After decades of struggle and all that we risked to peacefully end Bashir's dictatorship—gender inequality is not and will never be acceptable to the women and girls of Sudan. I hope it is equally unacceptable to the members of this Chamber.
Sudan is one of the most heavily militarized countries in the world. We do not need more firearms, yet many governments, continue to sell weapons that directly contribute to and perpetuate conflict, ongoing violations of human rights and forced displacement. The widespread availability of weapons in my country is one of the factors fueling violence and insecurity for all people, including women and girls.
As this body well knows, accountability and access to justice have been all but absent in my country. The existing discrimination and inequality women face, coupled with conflict and violence over decades, has resulted in women being subjected to a wide range of human rights violations, including sexual and gender-based violence on an epic scale. These crimes contributed to the indictment of our ousted President for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. But violence against women did not end with the end of Al-Bashir's reign. As recent as early September, seven women living in the Shangil Tobaya displaced persons camp in Darfur were raped by armed men. These women join the thousands of women and girls who have borne the brunt of the violence carried out across the country.
Now women are saying "enough". It is time for accountability and justice for all crimes committed before, during, and after the revolution. This is the least that can be done to honor those who have been killed or who suffered atrocities.
Madam President,
The strength of the revolution came from the representation of diverse voices from across the country—this inclusion is now integral to the legitimacy of the transition process. Unless the political process reflects and embraces the diversity of our society, women groups, civil society, resistance groups, ethnic and religious minorities, those who have been displaced, and people with disabilities—no agreement will reflect our collective aspirations.
In conclusion, we urge the Security Council and the international community to:
Press the transitional government, Forces of Freedom and Change, and armed groups to support the full, equal and meaningful participation of women. We call for at least 50 per cent representation of Sudanese women across all peace processes, in the current negotiations, and at all levels of the government and urge you, the international community, to support our demand in all your engagement with the transitional government.
Actively monitor the situation in Darfur and halt the drawdown of the peacekeeping mission until the security situation stabilizes; protection of civilians, including those in internally displaced camps, can be ensured; and conditions for safe and voluntary returns are met.
Support accountability and end impunity. The transitional government must fully support an independent, international fact-finding mission, to investigate and hold all perpetrators of human rights violations, including sexual and gender-based violence, accountable. Omar al-Bashir must immediately be transferred to the International Criminal Court. The transitional government must ratify the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women without any reservations
Support civil society and ensure women human rights defenders are able to carry out their work unhindered and without fear of reprisals. End the use of lethal and excessive force against protestors.
Stop fueling conflict. Finally, we implore all countries to stop the export of arms to my country when there is a risk that they will be used in violation of international humanitarian and human rights law, including to perpetrate sexual and gender-based violence, in line with the Arms Trade Treaty.
In conclusion, I would like to leave you with a slogan that grew loud with our recent protests—freedom, peace and justice, revolution is the people's choice.
From Sudan to the Security Council: Sudanese women lead drive for change
Research reveals how fragile settings exacerbate inequalities


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The 1922–23 season was Port Vale's fourth consecutive season of football (17th overall) in the English Football League. For the third successive the season the club finished just out of the relegation zones, and for the second successive season were unable to find a regular goalscorer following the sale of Bobby Blood. Financial issues continued to be a concern, especially when a former trainer reported the club for making illegal payments.

Overview

Second Division
The releasing of numerous experienced players in pre-season necessitated the signing of numerous new attacking players, namely Millwall winger Patrick Donoghue; 'robust' inside-right Jack Gordon from Queen's Park; James Smith from Plymouth Argyle; and Tom Reid from Ayr United.

The season opened with two defeats in August, and though things soon turned around it became clear that goals were at a premium. To solve this problem experienced winger Billy Harrison was signed from Manchester United. The "Valiants" duly did the double over the "Red Devils" with a 2–1 win at Old Trafford, and a 1–0 win at home thanks to a Harrison strike. Following an injury to the player the club suffered something of a blip in November. The following month the club spent £100 to bring Tom Butler from Darlaston. By the end of the calendar year the club were at the top end of the table, however a loss of form in January caused them to slip back down the table. In February, young Arthur Prince was promoted from the reserves and helped the club go four games unbeaten. The Vale finished out the season on hot and cold spells and ended up narrowly avoiding relegation.

At the end of season, Vale had made slight progress, having finished on 37 points, improving their tally of the previous two seasons by a single point. Their shocking home record was better only than bottom-placed Wolverhampton Wanderers, and Vale secured the fewest home wins and had the second-lowest goals scored tally at home – remarkably second place West Ham United had managed to score just two fewer than Vale at home. Their six wins away from home helped them avoid the drop.

Top scorer Tom Butler bagged nine goals in his 26 games, but no other player managed more than four goals. Six players were rarely out of the first eleven: goalkeeper Teddy Peers; defenders Peter Pursell and Len Birks; midfielders Ernest Collinge and Jack Hampson; and forward Billy Briscoe. At the end of the season, Billy Harrison joined Welsh club Wrexham, Jack Gordon went back to Scotland to sign with Greenock Morton, Teddy Peers retired, and Billy Briscoe refused a pay-cut and instead signed with nearby Congleton Town.

Finances
Finances were poor as attendances were disappointing, with The Sentinel'''s "Spectator" commenting that "Port Vale is respected everywhere, except in its own district". The ongoing Shilling Fund was useful for raising revenue, whilst £1,100 was written off by creditors in a remarkably charitable fashion. Yet in June 1923, the club was in trouble when former trainer Billy Barr reported Port Vale to the English Football League, accusing the club of having made illegal payments to its players throughout the season. The club was found guilty and was fined £100, with manager Joe Schofield also picking up a £25 fine. Three other officials were fined £150 in total, whilst seventeen players were each fined £1 each. This helped the club to report a loss of £2,400 on the season despite their tight spending. Gate receipts stood at just over £10,000, down almost 50% on 1920–21.

Cup competitions
Vale left the FA Cup at the Fifth Round of Qualifying after a disappointing 2–0 defeat by Third Division North Wrexham at The Old Recreation Ground. The end of season North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup Potteries derby bragging rights went to Stoke, which was scant consolation for a club who had just suffered relegation from the First Division. The match raised £250 for the local hospital.

League table

ResultsPort Vale's score comes first''

Football League Second Division

Results by matchday

Matches

FA Cup

North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup

Player statistics

Appearances

Top scorers

Transfers

Transfers in

Transfers out

References
Specific

General

Port Vale F.C. seasons
Port Vale


God is a loving heavenly Father, and His heart is for you to be healthy and whole. Through this illuminating 4-CD audio series, let Joseph Prince build a rock-solid, biblical foundation for you to lay hold of this truth. As you receive fresh revelation of all that our Lord Jesus has accomplished at the cross for your healing, find your hope renewed and your faith revived to believe God for unprecedented strength, wholeness, and shalom-peace in your life.


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Wills, Probate & Tax Planning
Sector Expertise
The Dividend Challenge
If you are a director of a limited company and receive tax-efficient dividends in lieu of wages, you really need to be aware of a legal case, recently heard in the Court of Appeal. The story concerns BAT Industries (BTI) and Sequana SA (SSA), dividends and insolvency.
The outcome underlines the care with which company directors must act, particularly as a director can become personally liable for any dividend payments subsequently found to be unlawful, if there were insufficient funds available to cover them at the time they were made.
A recent ruling from the Court of Appeal upheld an earlier High Court decision in the case of BTI 2014 LLC v Sequana SA & Others [2019] that dividends can be challenged as transactions defrauding creditors under insolvency legislation.
The details that matter
Sequana had appealed against a number of points including that dividends it had received from one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Windward Prospects, constituted a transaction defrauding creditors under section 423 of the Insolvency Act.
The case was complex and covered matters that took place over a number of years, but to ensure you as a company director understand the implications of the ruling, we'll try and simplify matters.
Essentially, Windward provided an indemnity for certain potential liabilities relating to an environmental clean-up in Wisconsin USA that had passed to the claimant, who believed Windward was sufficiently capitalised and insured to cover the likely costs.
Over time Windward ceased to be a trading company and had simply become a vehicle for discharging these potential liabilities. There was also a debt due from Sequana to Windward which stood on Windward's balance sheet.
Windward reduced its capital using the Solvency Statement method, under section 642 Companies Act 2006, where the directors state that having considered the company's liabilities (including any contingent and prospective liabilities) they believed the company could afford its current debts and those likely for the next 12 months.
Windward then declared two dividends to Sequana totalling €578million – €443m in 2008 and €135m in 2009.
Whilst removing a parent company's debt obligation to a non-trading subsidiary through capital reduction, followed by a dividend is not unusual, this case was complicated by Windward's exposure under its indemnities was complex and extremely difficult to ascertain.
The High Court decided to dismiss all the claims made by BTI based on the Companies Act 2006 with respect to both dividends, but accepted its claims based on section 423 of the Insolvency Act 1986 with respect to the second dividend only.
It appears the decision to sell the business, which was taken between the time of the two dividend payments, affected the Court's reading of the situation, believing the second dividend was paid to put assets beyond the reach of the creditors.
It was held that a dividend could be characterised as a 'transaction for no consideration' or at an undervalue for the purposes of section 423.
It is now clear that a dividend can be considered a 'transaction' used to put assets beyond the reach of actual or potential creditors and would therefore be no different to any transaction which is entered into with that purpose in mind.
The Court decision also confirmed there was no requirement under section 423 to show that there had been any dishonesty or ill will towards Windward's creditors by any of its directors.
After the dividend was declared it was set off against Seuqana's debt which clearly prejudiced the position of Windward's creditors because its assets were depleted as a result.
Ultimately this means that directors need to proceed with caution with dividends where there are any concerns over contingent liabilities. It would be prudent to consider seeking insolvency advice when considering the payment of dividends or indeed any other 'transactions' in such circumstances.
However, Sequana said it is currently reviewing the terms of the decision and is likely to seek permission to appeal at the Supreme Court, so there may well be more to come – watch this space!
If the intricacies of legal arguments are too much to bear, here is a very simple view of the facts and what they mean.
A limited company paid two dividends to a parent company. The first was deemed to be legal, the latter was not. It was deemed the second payment of €135m, which was made after a decision to sell the business, was made to keep the money away from potential creditors.
The Court's ruling highlights the care and vigilance with which directors like you need to act when paying dividends, especially as you could be become personally liable for any payment found to be unlawful.
Remember, Section 423 of the Insolvency Act is very wide and anyone can challenge a transaction by a company if they believe they are negatively impacted by it. It's not limited to creditors and they don't need to wait until your business becomes formally insolvent.
Among a raft of considerations, you need to ask yourself:
Do our distributable profits afford the dividend?
Can our business justify the dividend in our annual accounts?
Are we paying dividends just to remove assets?
Is the dividend consistent with our duties as Directors?
Facing insolvency, are we considering creditors over shareholders?
If you would like to discuss this or any other matter of a corporate or commercial nature please contact Neil Jones on 01543 431184 or email njones@ansonssolicitors.com
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© All rights reserved. Ansons Solicitors Limited (trading as Ansons Solicitors and Ansons) is a UK law firm registered in England and Wales as a limited liability company No. 09425410 whose registered office is at St Mary's Chambers 5-7 Breadmarket Street, Lichfield, Staffordshire, WS13 6LQ. Ansons Solicitors Limited is authorised and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority with SRA No. 627635.
A list of directors and their professional qualifications is available for inspection at the registered office. The term director in relation to Ansons Solicitors Limited is used to refer to a director of Ansons Solicitors Limited or an employee of equivalent standing and qualification.


Welcome to CPS's blog for M8. More than a presentation this is a sort of 'live masterplan' – a research, planning and organizational tool for our curatorial programme. The blog is constantly updated and refined as we go and will continue as such for and beyond M8 opening (also in the sense of a critical and evaluation mechanism).
As you know, CPS is one of the collectives curating Manifesta 8 in the region of Murcia in 2010. CPS's curatorial contribution to Manifesta 8 goes beyond traditional exhibition formats to use and investigate forms of (mass) media communication. What is the media's relationship to the formation of reality, how does it relate to ideas of truth, fact and history, and what are its possibilities for communication and representation? With art's quest to expand audiences and the possibilities of using new contexts do we have to renegotiate the relationship between art and the media?


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Featured in: Health | December 4, 2020
By Lisa James
We know that fruits are not a bad choice as snack options go: They generally provide fiber, along with all sorts of important nutrients, in a convenient package. It's also pretty well known that the downside of too much fruit consumption lies in the sugar fruits contain.
So what makes a fruit, well, super?
Concentrated power is the key: Superfruits tend to pack a heavier health punch thanks to their higher nutrient-to-sugar ratios, making them worthwhile additions to all but the strictest of diets.
These plant versions of Superman now come from practically every continent except Antarctica, in addition to the myriad islands that dot the South Pacific seas. And while everyone's list of fruits that deserve the term "super" will vary, here is a quick introduction to the most notable of the lot.
Açaí: Antioxidant Superstar
Where It's From: Central and South America
Traditional Usages: As a densely nutritious food; traditionally served with tapioca in northern Brazil
Modern Research Shows: Loaded with anthocyanins, achieving extremely high antioxidant activity; serves as a great source of fiber; ongoing research reveals other potential effects, including a possible role in helping to reduce cholesterol levels†
Black Cherry: Wild and Wonderful
Where It's From: Eastern North America
Traditional Usages: Jams and pies (the wood being prized for furniture-making); as a folk therapy for gout and respiratory disorders, and as a stomach tonic†
Modern Research Shows: The cherry's antioxidants appear to inhibit an enzyme called xanthine oxidase, a major source of harmful free radicals; other phytonutrients may support its traditional use in helping to ease symptoms associated with gout and other arthritic conditions†
Blueberry: Brain Food
Where It's From: North America; now grown also in Australia, New Zealand and parts of South America
Traditional Usages: Jams, jellies, and baked goods; leaf tea long used by folk healers to deal with blood sugar issues and urinary tract infections†
Modern Research Shows: Having blueberries on the brain is a bright idea—these fruits have helped senior rats keep their mental edge†
Cranberry: A Bladder's Best Friend
Where It's From: Acidic bogs throughout the Northern Hemisphere; commercially grown in Canada and the northern United States
Traditional Usages: For kidney stones and as a blood purifier†
Modern Research Shows: Appears to keep bacteria from adhering to the urinary tract, allowing it to help prevent bladder infections; may also interfere with infective agents elsewhere†
Goji: TCM Celebrity
Where It's From: Mostly grown in China; also known as wolfberry
Traditional Usages: In Traditional Chinese Medicine to enhance immunity, circulation and eyesight†
Modern Research Shows: Contains an abundance of minerals, amino acids and antioxidant phytonutrients; studies suggest goji may help support eye health in seniors as well as energy production and immune function†
Mangosteen: Health Queen
Where It's From: The South Pacific; now also grown in Hawaii and Central Africa, places which are warm enough to support this ultra-tropical plant
Traditional Usages: The "Queen of Fruits" is not only popular for its exquisite flavor but also as a folk remedy for dysentery, diarrhea and skin conditions†
Modern Research Shows: Contains xanthones, a group of compounds possessing powerful antioxidant properties, along with numerous other healthful phytonutrients†
Noni: Power from Polynesia
Where It's From: Southeast Asia; now grown from India to the South Pacific
Traditional Usages: Various parts of the tree have been used in folk medicine to bring down fevers, treat coughs, draw out skin infections and ease digestive ailments†
Modern Research Shows: The juiced fruit contains robust antioxidants; also under investigation as a agent that may be useful in various diseases†
Pomegranate: Vitamin C Powerhouse
Where It's From: The area now known as Iran, from where it spread to the Mediterranean; now also grown in California and Arizona, as well as tropical Africa, Malaysia and parts of Southeast Asia
Traditional Usages: As a refreshing drink and flavoring agent (it was the original basis for grenadine)
Modern Research Shows: Chock full of vitamin C and powerful phytonutrients, this multi-seeded fruit is being studied for possible protective effects on the brain and heart, and for possible antimicrobial properties†
†The information provided is not an endorsement of any product, and is intended for educational purposes only. NaturesPlus does not provide medical advice and does not offer diagnosis of any conditions. Current research on this topic is not conclusive and further research may be needed in order to prove the benefits described.
The conditions and symptoms described may be indicative of serious health problems, and therefore should be brought to the attention of a qualified healthcare practitioner.
What Is Omega-3 Good For?


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White Horse Tavern was a Famous Landmark
Statue of White Horse in East Avon, at site of White Horse Tavern. It is maintained by the Avon Preservation and Historical Society.
Original sign for the White Horse Tavern. From: A History of Agriculture in the State of New York by Ulysses P. Hedrick
One of the most noted of the hostelries of the stagecoach era that survived well into the 20th century was the White Horse Tavern, along Routes 5 and 20 at East Avon. Built in 1812 by John Pierson, the tavern was an important early stagecoach stop for travelers. Although many of the hotels in the area were popular for their sulfur springs, there was no spring at the White Horse Tavern. In 1930, a statue of a white horse was placed in front of the building by Miss Emma Rettig, owner of the tavern at the time. Although the tavern was destroyed by fire in 1955, the statue of the white horse stands on the location of the inn.
Another view of the White Horse in 1915 during one of the famous English-style fox hunts. Photo courtesy of Douglas Morgan, Town of Lima Historian.
This scene just prior to one of the famous White Horse Inn fox hunts in 1895. Courtesy of Douglas Morgan, Town of Lima Historian.
Ruins of the White Horse Inn after it was destroyed by fire in 1955. Courtesy of Douglas Morgan, Town of Lima Historian.
Livonia Gazette, Wednesday, August 4, 1955
'Young Blood in an Old Body'
A Stage Passenger's 'Empty Dream'
Old Stage Drivers Remembered
Indians Robbed a Stagecoach
The Stagecoach Era in Perry, N.Y.
Stagecoach Days on the Ridge Road
The Good Old Stagecoach Days
A Different Time
Waiting for the Ferry
Berry's Tavern at Avon was a Frontier Outpost
Turnpike Days Along the Mohawk
Wayside Taverns of Stagecoach Days
The old Black Horse Tavern at Johnstown, N.Y.
'The Old Stagecoach'
Lima's American Hotel is Rich in History
American Hotel Offers Hometown Atmosphere
The Cady Tavern in Moravia
Yellow Wasp Inn Stood Near Lima
The Sherwoods
Lima in Stagecoach Days
Old Stagecoach Driver
Mount Etam Tavern in East Homer
Third Great Western Turnpike History
Memories of the Hamilton & Skaneateles Turnpike