text:
Peter Jansson: Talk of bust-up is 'fake news'
Date: 23rd May 2019 at 6:12am
Written by: Gary Livingstone
The brother of talismanic Leeds defender Pontus Jansson has dismissed as 'fake news' a report that the defender could leave Elland Road after a bust-up with manager Marcelo Bielsa.
The report said his future was "up in the air" after the bust-up and that the two had never enjoyed a good relationship.
However, writing on his personal Twitter page, Peter Jansson – who often comments on events surrounding his brother – said "Fake news from some ill-willing uninformed source".
Jansson made the claim on Wednesday evening.
Fakes news from some ill-willing uninformed source. Dont forget to criticize your informers.
— Peter Jansson (@pejansson) May 22, 2019
One Leeds fan said that they shouldn't believe anything unless it comes from one of the two Jansson brothers and that people were always looking to cause trouble.
Peter Jansson replied to this saying "Well said!"
Well said! ????
Another fan repeated the sentiment saying that "panic mode sets in every transfer window because he's one of the most important players we have… I don't personally believe these quotes unless you or Pontus actually tweet or Instagram."
Peter Jansson replied saying "Thanks for the trust, Lee."
Thanks for the trust, Lee. ????
Peter has become the self-appointed protector of Pontus online and uses his Twitter account to debunk stories of him leaving the club. It's got many fans on side with a couple saying they wouldn't believe anything about Pontus unless it came from him directly or his brother. However, the rumours of Pontus leaving won't go away this summer. They happen every year and this summer could see them reach a crescendo. Andrea Radrizzani has said that it's going to be a tough summer for Leeds and money is tight. Leeds may well need to sell assets to rebuild and Jansson is one of the most valuable players at the club. There are plenty of fans who will be desperate for him to stay. The centre-back wears his heart on his sleeve and is fully committed to the club whenever he's on the pitch. The sight of him slumped against the ad hoardings at Elland Road after the play-off defeat against Derby summed Pontus up and he said it was the worst game of his entire career.


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There's something so unique about Namibians - they believe in building a community of togetherness. On Wednesday, 20 March 2019, Tafel Lager - the most loved beer brand in Namibia that creates a sense of togetherness and national pride – officially introduced its "Beat of Namibia" song in celebration of the country's 29th Independence.
The "Beat of Namibia" campaign was launched six (6) weeks ago, inviting Namibians from all walks of life to be part of creating a song for Namibia. Namibians were asked to send in video clips of 15 seconds long showcasing their own, unique beats, tunes and dance moves for a chance to be featured in the biggest song ever made in the country. From playing drums on empty paint cans, to the sound of traditional ululating and sharing of secret dance moves, thousands of entries - which created a cultural melting pot - were received via WhatsApp for the "Beat of Namibia" campaign. And so, the "Beat" was born!
Namibia's most renowned music producer, Sam-E Lee headed the production with the support of Namibian artists: Sunny Boy; Treza; Adora; Bertholdt; TheFuturelsGiggz; KP Illest; Top Cheri, and Ghetto Ballerina. Every entry was curated by the team and used to build the song – a beautiful chemistry of co-creation that encapsulated the Beat of Namibia.
The 2019 Independence Day will start on a more exciting note for every person that entered the campaign, as each one of them will wake up to the "Beat of Namibia" on their phones. This proudly Namibian creation will also be heard in every corner of the country on national radio stations, NBC television and DStv, and will also be live on online music platforms like YouTube.


text:
KAFS
Organization/Regional Chapters
Association/Member news
Winners Korea America Friendship Society Award 2018
2019년 July 15일 /0 Comments/in column /by KAFS
PFC Emily Lopez (U.S. ARMY)
PFC Lopez, 6-52 Air Defense Artillery Battalion Command Group Driver, led the effort to strengthen and enhance the relations between the Soldiers of 6-52 ADA BN and the citizens of Suwon and nearby areas by offering her support and dedication through the unit. PFC Lopez helped in the facilitation of a meeting between the Battalion Command Team and city council members including the Mayor of Suwon, discussing ideas on how 6-52 ADA BN can continue to assist in supporting the community of Suwon. This meeting established increased trust and laid down the groundwork for future cooperation between the unit and the local population.
PFC Lopez was a participant in the 8A KATUSA friendship week and continues to be an immense supporter of the KATUSA program by supporting similar events and to include those with Korean Airmen on the local Air Base. PFC Lopez participates in Korean-English language classes and culture exchange programs. She has been an example for her peers and leaders alike in these efforts. Her open mindedness and willingness to learn the local culture is a model for others to follow. As PFC Lopez continues in her tour, she has become a go to Soldier for those seeking to experience the local culture. PC Lopez constantly pushes for the growth of friendship programs and building comradery and cohesion between US and ROK Soldiers.
IT2 Marcus Foster (U.S. NAVY)
IT2 Marcus Foster of Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Korea led the efforts in coordinating, tracking and maintaining oversight on a major network expansion project combining both U.S. and ROK Navy directorates. He was an outstanding ambassador as he worked closely with ROK Navy Sailors in understanding the U.S. Navy processes for managing such a convoluted project. He maintained daily communications with ROK Navy Sailors in the coordination and validation of space allocation and additional support requirements for a $12,000 project. His efforts enabled a closer working relationship providing a venue to share time critical information with the ROK Navy resulting in further strengthening the alliance and bond between the U.S. and ROK Navy's by allowing the U.S. N5 and N9 directorates to work side-by-side with their ROK Navy counterparts. IT2 Foster's initiative, understanding and excellent representation of the unit and the United States Navy greatly improved the relations between the U.S. and ROK Sailors on base.
Capt Elaine Clines (U.S. AIRFORCE)
Captain Elaine Clines has contributed significantly to improve relations and strengthen the alliance with our Korean partners. While riding on a local subway, she noticed a local citizen in distress while having a seizure, partnered with a coworker and provided basic life support, stabilizing the individual until care could be transferred to local EMS officials. In addition, while working with the 51FW Innovation Engine, she is partnering with a local business to award a contract to update all of the chemical equipment bags used on base. Furthermore, through her local Korean church, she directs the Cubbies program teaching English and playing games with local children ages 2-4. Finally, she has a significant and ongoing relationship with a local orphanage. She organized the squadron Christmas event, participated in the National Children's Dental Health Month education program and volunteers on a nearly weekly basis. Altogether, Capt Clines has devoted over 50 hours to the community. These ongoing efforts have had significant impact on the local community and helped to improve community relations at Osan Air Base.
Sgt Jacob Fuller (U.S. MARINE CORPS)
Sgt Fuller is an extremely motivated and dedicated Marine. During his time at Camp Mujuk, Sgt Fuller has taken on the responsibilities of Training Chief due to a gap in personnel, this billet is typically held by a Staff Non-Commissioned Officer (SNCO). Without hesitation Sgt Fuller took on all duties associated with that billet to include but not limited to; maintaining training records for over a dozen areas, monitoring over thirty-five fitness tests, and scheduling unit training.
Sgt Fuller is the only Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Defense Marine for the entire installation. He has improved the program greatly in regards to the equipment, training, and overall readiness of the unit in a CBRN environment. His actions have greatly improved the operational sections ability to meet the units training requirements.
Sgt Fuller has volunteered for and is currently serving as the President of the Single Marine Program (SMP) for Camp Mujuk. During his tenure as the president of the council he has helped schedule five separate SMP events. Sgt Fuller has also committed his personal time volunteering every Monday and Sunday evening conducting English class for the Nambu Fire Station and Bethlehem Church, which comes out to a total of thirty-six English lessons between the two classes. He has also volunteered for several other community relation events, such as the Halloween trick or treat event at Ocheon High School, Children's Day with Pohang City's Dream Start and a Marine Experience Day Camp. His direct involvement has helped to greatly improve community relations between the Pohang population and the Marines of Camp Mujuk. Although Sgt Fuller has only been at Camp Mujuk for eight months he has already proved to be an invaluable asset to Camp Mujuk.
2019년 December 25일 /by KAFS
Welcoming Remarks for Korea America Year-End Friendship Night
Welcoming Remarks for Korea America Year End Friendship Night
Commemoration Remarks for Korea America Year End Friendship Night
Commeration Remarks for Korea America Year End Friendship Night
2019년 July 15일 /by KAFS
Welcoming Remarks for 2019 Korea America Friendship Night
Commemoration Remarks for Korea American Friendship Night
2015 KAFS Powerd by INOSTONE
Lasting Friends 248 Commemoration Remarks for Korea American Friendship Night

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Fear is an emotional response to a perceived threat. Almost all of us experience fear in daily life. Often this fear centers around getting hurt in some way. Learn more about fear and how it impacts your life in this section.


After two generations of slider Chocolate phones (Chocolate VX8500 and Chocolate 2 VX8550), LG has switched gears and introduced the third generation Chocolate as a flip phone replete with multimedia features that include access to the brand new Verizon music store powered by DRM free Rhapsody songs, an FM radio, V CAST Video with ESPN MVP and 3D games. The flip phone is easier to use, and the super-sized external display will turn a few heads. Add a built-in GPS with VZ Navigator support, Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR that includes A2DP stereo, and an upgraded 2 megapixel camera, you've got the best Chocolate phone yet.
The LG Chocolate 3 is a digital dual band CDMA phone sold by Verizon Wireless. This music phone also has EV-DO Rev. 0 for data. The LG Chocolate 3 comes in two colors: black and light blue.
After the innovative slider phone design with touch controls that troubled some users, LG is ready to go back to the basics. The LG Chocolate 3's slim flip form factor reminds us of the LG MUZIQ for Sprint. We like the large control-wheel that makes it easy to navigate the outer display. What's better on the LG Chocolate 3 than the MUZIQ is that the Chocolate 3's external display is bigger. The 1.76-inch 260K color TFT screen has 176 x 220 resolution and you can use the control wheel to access the music player, my pictures, camera, calendar and inbox. The screen is large enough that it's easy to view content. Nice! No longer dressed in chocolate bar wrapper colors, the LG Chocolate 3 currently comes in two colors and our suspicion is that LG won't stop there, and we will likely see more color variations in the future. The front cover of the black model is actually a deep navy blue cover that looks good but is easily shmeared by fingerprints and hand grease.
Side buttons abound: the LG Chocolate 3 has a 3.5mm audio jack, volume up and down buttons, voice command/voice recorder launcher and the blade charging/accessory port on the left; and microSD card slot, music launcher and screen lock for the front cover control wheel on the right. The Chocolate 3 also has dedicated launch keys for the camera and the speakerphone on the keypad. The phone feels great in hand and offers easy one-handed access to controls and the keypad. The back of the phone has a very soft and smooth surface that's pleasant to touch.
The LG Chocolate 3 has great call quality and a very loud earpiece and speakers. The reception is similar to last generation Chocolate 2: it gets a strong signal in well-covered areas and 1-2 bars in spotty areas. The signal indicator is very jumpy as you might see 4 bars drop to 2 or vice versa while standing at the same spot. Even with low bars to none on 1x (Verizon and Sprint use 1x for voice), we could make and receive calls. Likewise, the phone didn't drop any calls and voice quality remained good. The LG Chocolate 3 supports common call management features such as call waiting, conference calling and speed dialing (999 speed dials), and it comes with a phone book that can store up to 1,000 contacts with five numbers, two e-mail addresses and a Picture ID for each entry. The LG Chocolate 3 also has VoiceSignal's excellent VSuite software that gives you not only voice dialing but also voice readout of your messages, numbers, calendar items and much more. You don't need to pre-record any voice tags and you can launch the voice dialing by pressing (short press) the voice command button on the left side of the phone (a long press of the same button launches the voice recorder). Voice command also works with Bluetooth headsets (press the headset button to initiate voice dialing).
We tested several current Bluetooth headsets, and voice dialing worked well with all. The LG Chocolate 3 has Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR and supports a wide range of profiles including mono and stereo Bluetooth headset, car kit and DUN profiles. It can also store up to 20 pairing partners. The voice quality through Bluetooth headset is good but not exceptional. When working with the Plantronics Discovery 925, the Chocolate 3 had slightly digitalized voice on both incoming and outgoing ends, but was otherwise clear and loud. The DSP through the Plantronics worked reasonably well but we could still hear a good level of road noise and passing cars. The range was quite good however, reaching 20 feet without any voice distortion. When working with the Jawbone 2 Bluetooth headset, the LG sounded better for incoming voice but outgoing voice volume was low and had some digital distortion. The DSP didn't perform as well with the Chocolate 3 as with several other phones; even with Noise Assassin on wind noise was still very noticeable. The range was excellent with the Jawbone 2, reaching over 25 feet before audio started to breakup.
There are a couple of things that make the Chocolate 3 better than previous Chocolate phones when it comes to the music experience: one is the wider music format support and another is the new V CAST Music with Rhapsody music library. The Chocolate 3 can play music in MP3, WMA, unprotected AAC/AAC+ files, so you're set if you've got a music library in either the iTunes or Windows Media Player that you've ripped from CDs or obtained DRM-free. You can load songs onto a microSD card or sync with the phone and play them on the Chocolate. The newly launched V CAST music with Rhapsody has a lot more songs (over 5 million) than the regular V CAST music store, but it will cost you a monthly fee of $14.99 if you want to use the subscription-based service. For DRM-free purchased songs, the price per track is $1.99, higher than the 99-cent per song price tag when using Rhapsody on the desktop to purchase the songs. The Chocolate 3's music player adds some trendy features such as album art and visualization on both the main display and external display.
How does the music sound on the Chocolate 3? Good via the built-in phone speaker but excellent through wired headsets and Bluetooth stereo headsets. The front facing dual speakers are smaller than the last gen Chocolate thanks to its smaller and slimmer body, and it sounds a bit thinner and less lush than the last Chocolate's speakers. But that's not to say the sound quality isn't good. These are actually very decent speakers for music playback and the volume is very loud. The Chocolate 3 has a 3.5mm headset jack which is hard to find on a smaller phone nowadays, and we tested two-ring and three-ring ear buds and all sounded great with full audio and high volume. We also tested the Samsung SBH500 Bluetooth stereo headset via A2DP and the music playback sounded excellent with booming bass and pleasing highs.
The LG Chocolate 3 has 1 gig of internal memory and the phone partitions most of that to store music. It also has a microSD card slot that supports SDHC cards. We tested a couple of high capacity cards with the Chocolate 3 and had no trouble loading music or saving photos to the card.
The LG Chocolate 3 adds one more music feature to its music-playing arsenal: an FM transmitter that allows you to broadcast your music from the Chocolate 3 to an FM radio like the one in your car. The Chocolate 3 also supports V CAST Video, which offers on-demand videos from news, music videos and TV programs. V CAST Video performance is good on the Chocolate 3 as long as your EVDO coverage is decent. Videos play smoothly with audio mostly in sync with video. Also onboard is 3D gaming. You can buy games or subscribe to them using the phone's Media Center icon. Games played smoothly in our tests and we liked the large keypad and d-pad as game controls.
The LG Chocolate 3 sports a simultaneous-GPS provided by the Qualcomm chipset and it works with Verizon's VZ Navigator very well. The GPS calculations were very accurate in our tests and the new VZ Navigator 4.1.1 gave excellent directions and updated real time traffic reports. For those who are new to this, VZ Navigator, powered by Networks in Motion, is a map and navigation service provided by Verizon. You can get it on any phone that has GPS and support for the VZ Navigator for a monthly fee ($9.99/mon) or a daily fee ($2.99/day). The new 4.x version adds real time traffic and warns you of traffic delays on your routes. The voice guidance was very loud on the Chocolate 3 overcame all the , and it noise in a moderately quiet car. The map and POI (point of interest) database has also been updated in VZ Navigator 4.x as we noticed some new POIs that weren't included in the older version. There is support for place messaging service that allows you to send messages with GPS location and directions.
In addition to multimedia and GPS, the LG Chocolate comes with Verizon's standard mobile applications for feature phones. These applications and services include a WAP web browser, web-based email services (MSN, Yahoo!, AOL), mobile IM and PIM applications such as Calendar, calculator, EZ tip calculator, alarm clock, stopwatch, world clock and notepad. Like the most recent feature phones on Verizon, the LG Chocolate also sports the new Flash interface that features animated themes.
Previous LG Chocolate models had 1.3 megapixel cameras that were above average. The LG Chocolate 3 finally moves up to 2 megapixels, and bumped the quality up—though not by much. Images look brighter than the photos taken with older Chocolate phones but they are overexposed. The camera lens feels slow, photos don't show a lot of detail and whites and highlights are blown out. There's also chromatic aberration in the form of purple fringing that we don't usually see in decent camera phones anymore. The pictures have a purple color bias overall. The camera software on the LG Chocolate 3 offers plenty of options for white balance, color effects and other options. It also offers night mode and it can use the external screen as the viewfinder for taking self-portraits.
The camera phone can also take videos with audio in QVGA or 176 x 144 resolution. You can record 30-second videos for MMS or 1 hour video for saving. The video quality is decent, and the QVGA videos are slightly grainy but no there are no apparent frame drops or out-of-sync audio.
The LG Chocolate 3's Lithium Ion battery capacity remains at 800 mAh, and the rechargeable battery is user replaceable. The runtime isn't robust but decent enough to last you through five days of light use and at least three days of heavy use. The claimed talk time is up to 4.5 hours and the claimed standby time is up to 14.5 days. Using GPS with navigation and watching V CAST Video streaming over EVDO will drain the battery faster than running anything else on the Chocolate 3. If you need more juice on the go, Verizon offers a spare standard battery for $39.99 and an extended battery (1500 mAh) for $49.99.
The LG Chocolate 3 is a worthy upgrade, especially for those who had issues with the touch controls on prior generation Chocolates. But beyond that, the new Chocolate phone has GPS that works well with VZ Navigator, 1 gig of storage internally with microSD SDHC expansion, a large and very nice looking external screen that gives you access and control to several applications when working with the front control wheel, and it's faster for Bluetooth connections and file transfer. The camera is so-so and the loudspeakers aren't really improvements.
Pro: Very slim and light flip phone. Great GPS performance. Audio through headsets is excellent. Huge music library to buy music from and you can play them on more phones.
Con: The camera needs work.
Price: $99.99 with 2-year contract after mail-in rebate.
Display: Internal LCD: 260K Color TFT, 320 x 240 pixels, 2.2". External LCD: 260K Color TFT, 176 x 220 pixels, 1.76".
Battery: Lithium Ion rechargeable. Battery is user replaceable. 800 mAh. Claimed talk time: up to 4.5 hours. Claimed standby time: up to 14.5 days. Extended 1500 mAh battery for purchase at $49.99.
Size: 3.87 x 1.94 x 0.64 inches. Weight: 3.36 ounces.
Camera: 2 megapixel with up to 2x digital zoom. Still image resolutions: 1600 x 1200, 1280 x 960, 640 x 480, 320 x 240 pixels. Image editor for zoom rotate and crop images. Can take video with audio. Video resolutions: 320 x 240 and 176 x 144 pixels. Video recording time: 30 seconds for MMS an dup to 1 hour for saving.
Audio: Built-in mic and speakers, supports MP3 music tones. MP3 player onboard to play MP3, WMA and ACC/ACC+ files. Can record voice memo (1 minute or 1 hour with up to 1,500 memos. Supports vibration alert.
Networking: Bluetooth Version 2.1 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate). Save up to 20 Bluetooth pairings. Supported profiles: headset, hands-free, dial-up networking, advanced audio distribution (stereo), phone book access, basic printing, object push for vCard and vCalendar, file transfer and basic imaging.
Software: Verizon Flash-based UI and theme. MP3 player onboard and VZ Navigator support. PIM tools include Calendar, calculator, EZ tip calculator, alarm clock, stopwatch, world clock and notepad.
Expansion: 1 microSD card slot. Supports SDHC cards up to 8GB.
In the Box: The LG Chocolate 3 phone with standard battery, AC charging brick, USB charging/syncing cable and printed User Guide and quick reference guide.


The conventional membrane filter device comprises vacuum manifolds filtration system, joint flask, and the vacuum source. Conspicuously, the essential part is the filtration system, which consists of three glass filter holders with respective values and two handles placed on both sides.
1. Loosen the bottom nut and lift the fixed mount, then place a rubber ring under the porous plate and a membrane gasket on that plate. Next, put the microporous filter membrane on it and place the filter gasket, then install the glass tube and a sealed sheet rubber on the top of the tube. Mount the fixator, tighten the bottom nut, and the cover the top lid.
2. Remove the top sheet rubber for the unsealed environment.
3. Connect the bottom drainage pipe with a rubber pipe, and wrap the orifice with gauze.
4. Warp up the whole filter and its base together then sterilize them at 121℃.
1. Slightly loosen the filter cover or pierce a syringe filter before steam sterilization and connect to the air filter for ventilation.
2. Immerse the membrane into sterile water for 4- 6 hours before sterilization, then pour the water and operate the same way as above overnight.


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Q: Issue with Sphinx Attributes Lets say I have an adverts table, which I'm trying to filter on. Each advert can have many "types" which are stored in the types table, associated to with an advert_types table in the middle. Pretty standard:
adverts
-------
id
name

types
-----
id
name

advert_types
------------
id
advert_id
type_id

I'm simply trying to search for all adverts that are IN one or more type IDs as chosen by the user:
SELECT a.id, a.name, at.type_id
    FROM adverts as a
    LEFT JOIN advert_types as at
    ON a.id = at.advert_id
    WHERE at.type_id IN(1,2);

I should note here that an advert does not NEED to have a type associated with it (hence the left join).
Lets say type ID 1 is named "books" and type ID 2 is named "magazines". In the above query I'd expect to receive all adverts that are for books, for magazines, or for both books AND magazines.
This works fine in MySQL, but not so well in my Sphinx index, which is my problem. If I filter on "magazines", I only get adverts with magazines returned; none with both books and magazines. However, if I search for "books" I successfully get everything as I want. I can't see where I'm going wrong. Do I need a different type of join in my index? Or maybe a different sort mode in Sphinx.
I've successfully done the same in a different filter, but on a 1:1 relationship, so something leads me to believe I have a problem in my query and the way Sphinx handles multiple records.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


One of the most appealing piercing styles, medusa piercing is receiving a lot of attention lately, especially from the young female crowd, for its interesting location. A popular type of upper lip piercing, it involves the perforation of the philtrum, a vertical groove located in the middle region of the upper lip below the septum of the nose. It is also known as philtrum piercing.
If you are eager to sport the piercing, then go to a well-known piercing salon for a safer experience. Before the procedure, the piercing expert will clean the region above the upper lip thoroughly with an antiseptic solution. You would be then given an oral antimicrobial solution for washing your mouth. A hollow, light needle is pierced through the area with the help of a clamp stretching the upper lip. The jewelry is inserted accomplishing the piercing.
Having a rich supply of nerves above the upper lip makes the piercing a bit painful. However, those with a low pain tolerance might get more hurt during the process.
The piercing might take 6 to 12 weeks for permanent healing.
A fresh piercing has a high risk of getting infected characterized by severe swelling, redness, pain, and pus discharge. Ignoring these signs can increase the severity of the condition, and, therefore immediate medical care would be needed. As it appears in most lip piercings, the gums and teeth have a greater chance of getting eroded leading to loss of teeth over the course of time. The piercing may also undergo rejection or migration as a result of the placement of an incompatible jewelry, causing a scar.
Being a single point piercing, it gives you lesser choices for trying out jewelry of different types. As labret studs are ideal for the piercing, look for some unique designs that will make your upper lip appear attractive. Although rings are difficult to fit into the philtrum, you can have a discussion with your professional piercer. Acrylic retainers can be worn to hide the piercing at schools and workplaces. For those wanting to sport a fake medusa piercing can go for colorful magnetic studs.
It involves double perforations of the philtrum that could be adorned with a combination of small and large studs.
A curved barbell is used to pierce the vertical groove above the upper lip with both ends of the jewelry visible.


A beautiful and tasteful accessory made by Bavarian artisans of premium two-tone Maya Blue calfskin. This two-sided cardholder has 4 slots for standard credit cards and is just 5 mm thick (maximum). The quality, softness, and rich look of this calfskin will certainly impress you.


The U.S. Census is a count of the population that helps determine congressional and funding allocations from the government.
Every 10 years, the Constitution requires a count of the population known as the census. This count helps determine many facets of the government, like how many seats each state gets in Congress and how federal funding is distributed.
For the 2020 Census, the Trump administration has vowed to add a question about citizenship status, a move that has received criticism from Democrats and immigration supporters.
The Commerce Department has said they are seeking "complete and accurate information." Critics argue the move will intimidate immigrants and discourage participation.
Along with determining government funding and congressional allocations, the census also helps communities determine where to build schools, grocery stores and hospitals. An inaccurate population count can prevent communities from receiving proper representation or funding.
Census counts are taken by mail or by workers walking neighborhoods. According to the Commerce Department, about 74 percent of households used mail for the 2010 census.
This would be the first time a citizenship question has been in the census since 1950. California Attorney General Xavier Becerra announced a lawsuit against the Trump administration over its decision to ask about citizenship status in the 2020 census.


text:
Q: Building MySQL Tables I am having a bit of a conundrum trying to build a database... I need some assistance.
I have 3 tables:

*

*Users (Username (PK) VARCHAR(30), Password VARCHAR(30), Profile (FK) INT, Admin TINYINT(1)

*Profiles (PId (PK) INT, Rate INT)

And my third table is what I'm having issues with.

*

*Jobs (JobId (PK) INT, Number VARCHAR(30), Title VARCHAR(30), [?????])

What I need to add to the Jobs table is each job has a different Rate for each profile. That'd be easy enough for a specific list of Profiles, but because we don't know how many Profiles there are, I can't add that to the Jobs table.
So how can I manage a variable amount of Profiles, that each have a different rate depending on the Job they are in?

Some Example Data:
 Users
+-------------------------------------------+
| Username  | Password  | Profile  | Admin  |
+-------------------------------------------+
| Admin     | *****     | 1        | 1      |
| Bob       | ******    | 2        | 0      |

 Profile
+------------------------+
| PId  | Name    | Rate  |
+------------------------+
| 1    | Admin   | 0     |
| 2    | Drafter | 10    |

 Jobs
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| JobId  | Number  | Title  | PId1  | PId2  | PId3  | ... |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 1      | 0001    | Job1   | 10    | 20    | 30    | ... |
| 2      | 0002    | Job2   | 20    | 40    | 60    | ... |

Because I don't know how many Profiles there are, I can't accommodate them in the Jobs table. So how can I fix this?


The link below is to a beautiful story, the beginning of a story. One woman, practicing the art of living. I have been so blessed to be apart of her journey and recovery so to speak. An innocence in her eyes, open to possibilities of happiness. Always believing, always striving to thrive. She has a dream and she works at it.
An example of a broken hearted zombie, that overcomes the fear of loving herself and loving the world. Overcoming fear is nothing but a daunting task that takes faith and trust of self to another level.
Happiness is this journey and so many have a story like this one. Happiness is the day to day successes that continually overcome the challenges and fears every single day. Happiness is seeing, accepting and working relentlessly towards the beauty that lies within.
Happiness is wherever you make it.
What happiness can you make today?
Make some and be thankful for your efforts.
This entry was posted in Blog, Finding my way, Reblogs and stories from others that I want to share, Today talk and tagged #acceptance, #anticipation, #behappy, #behumanbekind, #bepositve, #challengeyourself, #cognizantreconstruction, #courage, #discovery, #embracethepast, #findyou, #fishstory, #folsom, #folsomretreat, #folsomretreats, #happiness, #howtomoveforward, #itistime, #liveinthemoment, #loveyourself, #openheart, #opentograce, #perspective, #practicinglife, #shedtheweight, #trustthework, #yogaretreat, #yogaretreats, #yogateacher, featured.


This is a type of online advertising which matches both the form & function of the platforms on which it is displayed. For example, articles that have been posted by the advertiser to promote their service/product. The term "native" refers to the content's connection with other media on that platform.


The Office For Housing Enterprise Oversight released its Fourth Quarter 2006 House Price Index (HPI) report (PDF) on March 1.
Given the recent gloomy reporting about the industry, you may not know that housing prices nationwide actually went up a bit more in the fourth quarter (1.12%) than they did in the third (1.07%). Though there are certainly problematic metro areas, it would appear that the sky was not falling on home prices.
The 5.87% home-price appreciation in the past four quarters is greater than the average of the eight four-quarter numbers reported during 1998 and 1999 (5.03%).
In fact, all eight four-quarter numbers during 1998 and 1999 are less than that recorded in 2006's fourth quarter.
Three times during 1998 and 1999, quarterly appreciation was lower than the 1.12% recorded in 2006's fourth quarter.
Four-quarter appreciation has been only 1% greater than 2006's fourth quarter six times during the 2000-2003 time period, the latest being the 5.98% recorded in the third quarter of 2003, just 13 quarters ago.
Of the 8 regions OFHEO tracks, only one (New England at 2.26%) had full-year home-price appreciation that was less than 2006's inflation of 2.54%.
Only one state had a four-quarter housing price decline (Michigan), and only 5 states (MI, MA, OH, IN, MN) had four-quarter appreciation below 2006's inflation. Put another way, the average homeowner in 45 states and the District of Columbia did NOT suffer a real decline in 2006 in his or her investment in their home. Only five states had single quarter declines (CA, HI, ND, NE, and NV); every one except HI (-0.80%) was less than -0.4%.
Concerning individual metro areas, this local Tennessee cheerleading link notes that "Of the 282 cities on OFHEO's list of 'ranked' MSAs, 256 had positive four quarter appreciation, 25 had price declines, and prices were unchanged in one city." A review of the detail indicates that most of the MSA declines are in Midwestern cities tied to the old-line auto industry, and not as much in areas that have been described as "overheated."
That is hardly the pervasive housing bust that many in the business press seem to be almost rooting for, or at least expecting almost as an article of faith (particularly the MarketWatch reporter discussed here, here, and here).
Perhaps the lack of morbid news explains the relative lack of notice this particular OFHEO report received.
Final question: If today's housing market (as opposed to the mortgage-lending industry) is considered problematic, why was it not so in 1998 or 1999?


text:
our new centre
The Board of Directors Welcomes You to the Society!
On behalf of the Children's Circle Daycare Society, the Board of Directors would like to extend a warm welcome to all the new and prospective families, parents and children alike!
As a provincially registered not-for-profit organization, Children's Circle Daycare Society is overseen by a Board of Directors. This Board is entirely volunteer based, and typically largely composed of parents of children enrolled in the Society's various childcare programs, both past and present.
Because of this close connection the typical Director has to the Society, the Board not only has the legal duty, but also a collective personal vested interest in ensuring the Society is run in a responsible, caring, and efficient manner.
We are currently operating under a three-year strategic plan with strategic goals related to Board function, management and staff support, financial certainty, and communication and community involvement. Through monthly Board meetings, we strive to meet our strategic goals by having related action items reflected in the day-to-day operations of the two childcare centres, guided by our dedicated management and staff.
As a not-for-profit organization, we aim to achieve the level of revenue that keeps the Society financially solvent. This includes paying our staff well and investing appropriately back into the children's programming and the centres.
If you would like to get involved with the Board, or just find out more about what we do, please feel free to contact us.
Tyson McNeil-Hay President
James Rodger Vice President
Amy Pannett Secretary
Blair Gray Director at Large
Jenny Green Director at Large
Alexis Brown Director at Large
Kate Therrien Director at Large
Home | About Us | Programs | Locations | Board of Directors | Support Us | Contact | Sitemap
Children's Circle Daycare Society . 2022


Win Win Win! How can low cost carriers meet airport and government requirements?
How can low cost carriers meet airport, government requirements and grow by over 300%? The Chief Commercial Officer of Enter Air Anderz Kobielski discussed this last year our World Low Cost Airlines Congress. He found that as a newcomer to the Low Cost Industry it was very important to build a good longstanding relationship with local airports and governments. By doing this successfully it actually enabled them to grow by over 300% in just 2 years.


text:
Q: Eeeeek! Chat is Dead! I got "unknown error" when posting a chat message, then tried to reload.
This is what I got:

Can you please bring the chat back?
This affects all chat domains for me:

*

*https://chat.stackoverflow.com

*https://chat.stackexchange.com

*https://chat.meta.stackexchange.com
Browser: Chrome 86 (latest version)
OS: Windows 10 Home
Location: Israel
Those are the response headers:

Note: it kept working on my phone for a while, now it doesn't work on the phone as well.

A: We think that there was a server that was misbehaving and have taken it off of the rotation. If you are still seeing issues with chat, please reply to this post.
Update: ok, we know that it is more than just the one server, working on it right now
Another update: looks like issue was with two servers, both should be behaving now. Please update if you can still repro.

chat misbehaving
reset troublesome servers
the tavern awaits


text:
Microsoft says that Xbox Game Pass is here to stay
January 6th, 2020 - 12:07pm
By Alex Calvin, PCGamesInsider Contributing Editor
Xbox subscription service Game Pass is apparently here to stay.
That's according to the head of Microsoft's gaming services marketing department, Ben Decker, who told the Washington Post that the all-you-can-eat platform isn't simply an "experiment" and that the Big M is committed to offering this subscription moving forward.
The marketing bod also reiterated the claims that Game Pass leads to a higher engagement with a variety of content that's available in the service.
"We're committed to Game Pass being available on the next-gen. It's not an experiment on the current generation of consoles," Decker stated.
"This is a service that our members can count on being on whatever products we introduce in the future."
He continued: "After an [average] Xbox owner joins Game Pass, they play 40 per cent more games and they play 30 per cent more genres. And the number of games they're playing goes up not just inside the Game Pass catalogue."
Xbox Game Pass came to PC in August 2019 having launched for Xbox One in June 2017.
Alex Calvin
PCGamesInsider Contributing Editor
Alex Calvin is a freelance journalist who writes about the business of games. He started out at UK trade paper MCV in 2013 and left as deputy editor over three years later. In June 2017, he joined Steel Media as the editor for new site PCGamesInsider.biz. In October 2019 he left this full-time position at the company but still contributes to the site on a daily basis. He has also written for GamesIndustry.biz, VGC, Games London, The Observer/Guardian and Esquire UK.
Xbox Game Pass now has 25m subscribers
News Mar 12th, 2021
Microsoft's Bethesda acquisition was about exclusives for Game Pass
News Nov 5th, 2020
Xbox downplays "Netflix of games" comparisons
Microsoft rebrands Xbox Game Pass on PC
News Jul 16th, 2021
Xbox boss Spencer says Game Pass is helping preserve games history


text:
Galina Vinogradova-Popova, ruska atletinja, * 2. junij 1932, Moskva, Sovjetska zveza.

Nastopila je na poletnih olimpijskih igrah v letih 1956 in 1964, ko je osvojila četrto mesto v štafeti 4x100 m. 11. septembra 1955 je izenačila svetovni rekord v skoku v daljino s 6,28 m in ga 18. novembra istega leta še popravila na 6,31 m, veljal je do avgusta 1956. 11. septembra 1955 je s sovjetsko štafeto izenačila svetovni rekord v štafeti 4x100 m.

Zunanje povezave

Ruski atleti
Olimpijski tekmovalci za Sovjetsko zvezo
Prejemniki bronastih olimpijskih medalj za Sovjetsko zvezo
Atleti Poletnih olimpijskih iger 1956
Atleti Poletnih olimpijskih iger 1964
Skakalci v daljino
Šprinterji
Nekdanji svetovni rekorderji v atletiki

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Also as it is manufactured in various structures depending on its use, it maintains the ideal temperature and quality of customers.
Safer and Faster Transportation of Food, Medical Supplies, Clothes, and Electrical Appliances.
Cargo transportation is possible regardless of weather conditions.


Convenient and fashionable the Acer BeTouch E200 (Acer L1) is designed for voice communication. It benefits from a sliding numerical keyboard and 3" QVGA touch screen. This provides a balance between phone and other communication types without compromising. With the Acer beTouch E200 you can enjoy high speed Internet access as there is integrated HSDPA connectivity.
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Other benefits of the Acer beTouch E200 include a 3 Megapixel camera, Bluetooth 2.1 and integrated GPS receiver.


text:
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Judgment Search Results Home > Cases Phrase: contract of indemnity contract Court: punjab and haryana Year: 1971 Page 1 of about 15 results (0.102 seconds)
May 20 1971 (HC)
Karnal Distillery Company Ltd. Vs. State of Punjab and ors.
Court : Punjab and Haryana
Decided on : May-20-1971
Reported in : AIR1972P& H210
..... notice of cancellation of license of the petitioner-company, the licensing authority in terms of condition no. 9 of the license which as earlier discussed, is a term of contract between the licensee and the licensing authority, has discontinued the right of the petitioner-company to manufacture liquor. the respondents are in no way depriving the petitioner of his property ..... their applicability cannot be attracted unless the relevant statutory provisions point out in the direction of necessity for their being invoked. condition no. 9 which is a term of contract deals with service of notice for determination of license does not even remotely suggest any idea of any such obligation being cast upon the licensing authority.while considering for continuity ..... of cancellation of an earlier order passed by an authority subordinate to the licensing authority is not at all involved. it is on the terms of the condition of the contract that a notice, which is purely administrative notice without requiring any explanation from the petitioner-company was issued admittedly in terms of that condition. by service of notice under ..... notice. there is no statutory provision in the act or the rules made thereunder controlling the exercise of power of the financial commissioner while taking action under the term of contract. the demand of the petitioner-company for being heard ignores to take into consideration the nature of the power exercised. the power for termination of license having been exercised .....
Tag this Judgment!
Aug 03 1971 (HC)
Jagatjit Distilling and Allied Industries Ltd. Vs. the State
Decided on : Aug-03-1971
Reported in : [1971]28STC709(P& H)
..... the total quantity of full strength and variety, sizes, grades and strength to the discretion of the permit-holder, but that does not bring about a contract between the permit-holder and the distillery. the distillery is bound to supply the liquor mentioned in the permit. in our opinion, this case is more ..... mere fact that the distillery-holder may give some discount to attract a purchaser to obtain permits on its distillery does not mean that there is a contract between the distillery and the purchaser in the matter of sale of liquor. it is still open to the authorities not to give a permit on ..... the 8th edn. of his work on 'sale', 'to constitute a valid sale there must be a concurrence of the following elements, viz., (1) parties competent to contract; (2) mutual assent; (3) a thing, the absolute or general property in which is transferred from the seller to the buyer ; and (4) a price ..... was made to certain decided cases wherein it was held that the packing material had not become an integral part of the product entrusted in the works contract and, therefore, its price was liable to sales tax. in the present case, the sales tax tribunal on this matter came to the following conclusion ..... a taxable sale, and that burden is not discharged by merely showing that property in goods which belonged to the party peforming service or executing the contract stands transferred to the other party', and the principle that was enunciated in this case is to be found at page 256 of the report: in .....
Feb 12 1971 (HC)
The Regional Transport Authority, Patiala and anr. Vs. Gurbachan Singh
Decided on : Feb-12-1971
Reported in : AIR1972P& H5
..... procedure prescribed in section 57, in the matter of grant of temporary permits, the other provisions specifically dealing with the grant of stage carriage, contract carriage and public carrier's permits, have also been excluded by necessary implication. these provisions are in three sets, sections 46 to 48, sections ..... procedure with regard to the other types of permits is more or less analogous and reference need only be made to section 50, re: contract carriage permits and section 55, re: public carrier's permits. there is no such analogous provision regarding private carrier's permits and obviously so ..... 42 to 45 deal with general provisions, whereas sections 46 to 48 specifically deal with 'stage carriage permit'. sections 49 to 51 deal with 'contract carriage permit', sections 52 and 53 deal with 'private carrier's permit' and sections 54 to 56 deal with 'public carrier's permit'. ..... means any motor vehicle used or adapted to be used for the carriage of passengers for hire or reward, and includes the motor cab contract carriage, and stage carriage'. the provisions dealing with the grant of regular and temporary permits are contained in chapter iv. this chapter starts with ..... section 2(20) defines a 'permit'. section 2(18) defines the 'motor vehicle'. ss. 2(3), 2(22), 2(23) and 2(29) define 'contract carriage', 'private carrier', 'public carrier' and 'stage carriage' respectively. 'public service vehicle' is defined in section 2(25) as under:--' 'public service vehicle' .....
Apr 15 1971 (HC)
Guru Nanak Ex Servicemen Co-operative T.F. Society Group No. 2 and ors ...
Decided on : Apr-15-1971
Reported in : AIR1972P& H83
..... a division bench of the nagpur high court held in shrikishanlal v. ramnath jankiprasad ahir, air 1944 nag 229, that the fact that the incidents of tenancy are governed by contract does not prevent a court of justice from applying equitable principles in regard to its enforcement. referring specially to the provisions contained in section 114 of the transfer of property .....
Jul 26 1971 (HC)
Budh Ram Balak Ram and anr. Vs. the Dhuri Co-operative-cum-marketing-c ...
Decided on : Jul-26-1971
..... plaintiff society is, therefore, entitled to enforce its right to claim rendition of accounts. before adverting to the first proposition, section 23 of the indian contract act may be reproduced hereunder for facility of reference:--'23. the consideration or object of an agreement is lawful, unless it is forbidden by law; ..... as correct law that a partnership entered into to work a license issued under the cotton control order does not offend against section 23 of the contract act. in the circumstances of the instant case, we are, however, in agreement with the learned single judge that the parties are not in ..... was not for the purpose of working the license. it was further contended that the partnership even for working the license could not make the contract of partnership in question void under section 23.the courts below had come to the conclusion that the plaintiff had settled the account and this finding ..... constituted under exhibit p. 1 for carrying on illegal business activities, was, therefore, void as it was hit by section 23 of the indian contract act. in the second appeal preferred on behalf of the plaintiff, it was contended before the learned single judge that the object of partnership was only ..... to work a license issued in the name of a partner is, therefore, obviously illegal and such a contract is void being hit by section 23 of the contract act. to permit the contract to take effect would be defeating the provisions of the cotton control order and if the matter were to .....
Punjab State Vs. K.K.K. Mills
..... . 6, in terms of which the disputes between the parties are referable to arbitration. the document of letter of supply, exhibit p.1 is one consolidated document. the terms of contract exist on either side of it. it is very difficult to accept the view taken by the trial court that the general conditions mentioned overleaf had not been separately signed ..... on both the issues are unsustainable.6. the trial court has taken the view that since the respondent appended his signature in token of the acceptance of the terms of contract of supply of goods only on the first page and did not sign on the next page, the respondent could not be aware of the general conditions printed on the ..... parties to arbitration is not binding on the respondent.7. shri d. n. awasthy appearing on behalf of the respondent contended that the various terms of the contract having been performed and the contract of supply of goods having fully executed, no dispute survived between the parties and consequently under condition no.6 of the general conditions, nothing could be referred to ..... arbitration. even if a contract has been executed, there may arise a dispute between the parties pertaining to the non-compliance with the terms of contract entered into between the parties. in the present case, the case of the appellant is that there was belated supply .....
Dec 21 1971 (HC)
Mulkh Raj Krishan Kumar and Co. Vs. the State of Punjab and ors.
Decided on : Dec-21-1971
Reported in : AIR1973P&H62
..... the deputy commissioner to take action under rule 11.10. the latter accepted t's tender. it was held that the subsequent action of the deputy commissioner in granting the contract to t was wrong because the arbitrary improvisation of an ad hoc procedure to meet the exigencies of a particular case adopted in the secrecy of an office cannot be ..... under:--'36(24) when a licence has been cancelled, the collector or any gazetted officer authorised by him in this behalf may resell it by public auction or by private contract in accordance with the procedure laid down in this rule and any deficiency in the license fee and all expenses of such resale or attempted re sale shall be recoverable ..... and the contract was knocked down in his favour subject to formal confirmation by the deputy commissioner. the fourth respondent t was present at the auction but did not bid. instead of that ..... 1954 sc 592). in that case, the appellant g. and the fourth respondent t were rival liquor contractors for the sale of a liquor contract for the year 1953-54 in the state of mysore. the contract was auctioned by the deputy commissioner under the authority conferred upon him by the mysore excise act, 1901. the appellant's bid was the highest .....
Garib Singh Kishan Singh Vs. Harnam Singh Kishan Singh and ors.
..... was one and indivisible, the specification of the shares in the sale-deed being merely an arrangement among the purchasers inter se, which did not affect the vendor, who had contracted to take the purchase money for the whole land and could not have been compelled to sell to one or other of the vendors his specified share on payment of .....
Joginder Singh Surmukh Singh Vs. Smt. Balkaran Kaur
Reported in : 1972CriLJ93
..... , where award has been accepted as final and conclusive between the collector and that person interested that the award can be regarded as offer from the collector resulting in binding contract but in cases, in which application has been made by an interested person dissatisfied with the award seeking to have it at par as for that purpose undoubtedly they are ..... of the property, then the making of the award as properly understood must involve the communication of the offer to the; party concerned. that is the normal requirement under the contract law and its applicability to cases of award made under the act cannot be reasonably excluded. thus considered the date of the award cannot be determined solely by reference to ..... an offer made on behalf of the government, their lordships observed that the communication of the offer to the party concerned was essential, it being the normal requirement under the contract law. it was in this context that the following observations were made:thus considered the date of the award cannot be determined solely by reference to the time when the .....
Mar 25 1971 (HC)
Amar Singh Modi Lal Vs. State of Haryana and ors.
Decided on : Mar-25-1971
..... petitioners have not executed any contract or agreement of the nature above said they are not liable for the payment of any royalty.54. with disarming fairness mr. j. n. kaushal ..... 44 in this regard which regulate the grant of contract by auction or tender or provide for the conditions of mining lease and the grant of short term permit. it is plausibly argued that as the ..... concession rules, 1964, the royalty can be levied only in connection with a mining lease. in substance the argument is that unless there is a subsisting contract between the petitioners and the state government, no question of levying royalty under the rules can arise. reference is made to rules 28, 37 and ..... of limitation or expansion according to the intention in which it is used and its primary signification can always be enlarged if that is the intention of the contracting parties or the legislature.'49. in the punjab minor minerals rules, promulgated in 1934, the extended meaning of the word 'minerals' was given as follows ..... brick-earth within its ambit. it is first to be kept in mind that herein we are not construing a private deed or grant or a contract but a statutory provision. therefore the short answer to the above argument is that in the present case we are construing statutory legislation and the words .....
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text:
Q: Issue Marshaling YAML with an array of struct I am expecting the resulting yaml file to contain the servers array which are being written as empty objects. How could i go about fixing this so that the servers array is written to the yaml file?
Code:
package configwritter

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"

    "gopkg.in/yaml.v2" //go get gopkg.in/yaml.v2
)

type Server struct {
    name string `yaml:"name"`
    ip   string `yaml:"ip"`
}

type Confugration struct {
    Name    string
    Servers []Server
}

func WriteConfig() {
    config := Confugration{
        Name: "Test",
        Servers: []Server{
            {"server1", "10.0.0.100"},
            {"server1", "10.0.0.101"},
        },
    }

    data, err := yaml.Marshal(&config)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    err2 := ioutil.WriteFile("config.yaml", data, 0)
    if err2 != nil {
        log.Fatal(err2)
    }

    fmt.Println("data written")
}

Output:
name: Test
servers:
- {}
- {}

A: It seems the fields on your Server struct need to be public in order for the yaml module to read them.
From the Marshal documentation:

Struct fields are only marshalled if they are exported (have an upper case first letter)

You can fix this by changing the type definition for Server so that the fields are exported (have capitalized names), like so:
type Server struct {
    Name string `yaml:"name"`
    IP   string `yaml:"ip"`
}

With output config.yaml file:
name: Test
servers:
- name: server1
  ip: 10.0.0.100
- name: server1
  ip: 10.0.0.101


text:
May 31, 2010 by mrdavidrowe
Cheese Rolling
In post-enlightenment society, with its strong emphasis on
recorded proof (to the degree that anything without a reliable paper trail is
considered a fiction), oral tradition counts for very little. Yet, in researching the ancient sports and rituals of the British Isles, that is often all there is to go by.
One of the enduring mysteries of such rural traditions is that the most natural first
question of all – "Why do they do that?" – simply cannot be answered.
The village of Brockworth near Gloucester
lies at the foot of a sheer grass-covered scarp slope – Cooper's Hill –
which is part of a larger geological feature sometimes called the Cotswold
Edge (the result of the uplifting of the underlying limestone layer, exposing
its broken edge as a cliff face). For as
far back in history as anyone can tell – the ritual is claimed by some to be
pre-Roman – people have thrown themselves down this precipice, racing in
nominal pursuit of a wheel of cheese.
Many see no need to question the origin or purpose of
cheese-rolling, safe in the knowledge that the sport is so aesthetically unique and eye-catchingly perilous as to require no logical
justification. But it should be noted that rituals involving the
throwing of objects down hills (or over cliffs) are known to have dotted the
history of the more pagan-influenced communities in Britain throughout recorded
history, usually as part of a healing or exorcism ritual (similar to the releasing of a 'scape goat' in ancient Judaism). For example, some contemporary wassails in Herefordshire still conclude with fires (lit in the tree branches to eradicate demons) being rolled
down the hill into the River Wye.
So, Cooper's Hill cheese rolling may be the remnant of an annual cleansing ritual. However, since the races were accompanied until recent times by the
scattering of fruit cake across the ground by the Master of Ceremonies – a
ritual known to have links to ancient fertility rites – social historians are still scratching their heads.
In any case, the roots of the event – formally known as The
Cooper's Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake – are shrouded in mystery. Originally partaken in solely by local
villagers, it was first reported more widely in the early 1800s, and though it
has shed a few peripheral activities since then (eg. 'dancing for ribbons', 'grinning (through a horse's collar) for a cake', and 'bobbing for penny loaves smeared in treacle'), the main event has remained little changed.
The Cooper's Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake is held annually
on the Spring Bank Holiday. The festival
was originally held at Midsummer but was moved at some time to Whitsuntide,
taking place on Whit Monday. In 1967,
the British Government loosed the Bank Holiday from its Church calendar moorings so that
it would always fall on the last Monday in May.
The 'Cheese Rolling and Wake' was moved accordingly.
In the lead up to the event, members of the CHCR Committee
and volunteers spend two weeks clearing the slope, erecting fences at the top
and sides, and building a wall of straw bales at the foot. The cheeses (7-8lb Double Gloucesters) are
hand-made by Diana Smart of Churcham, using milk from her herd of Brown
Swiss, Holstein and Gloucester
cows. Mrs Smart is the only person in
Gloucestershire still making Double Gloucester cheeses by hand, using
traditional methods, and she has provided the cheeses for rolling since 1988.
The races start promptly at 12 noon, over a course of
approximately 200 yards. It is a
testament to its steepness that the fastest finishers regularly break 15
seconds for the distance, faster than world record speed on the flat. There is a maximum of 15 people per downhill
race and a minimum age of 18 years (at the discretion of the Master of
Ceremonies).
The role of the Master of
Ceremonies – presently Rob Seex, a local dairy farmer – is that of ceremonial
host and race starter. Raising his staff
and with a cry of, "ONE to be ready,TWO to be steady, THREE to
prepare" (at which time the cheese is launched), "and FOUR to be
off!" the competitors give chase.
Prizes are awarded for each race:
1st prize – the cheese
2nd – £10
3rd – £5
There are now 5 Men's Races and one Ladies' Race, plus Boys,
Girls, Men's and Women's uphill races.
Delays often occur when awaiting the return of the ambulances from
transporting injured competitors to the hospital. No deaths have ever been reported.
In recent years, increased publicity (including widespread international exposure) has seen greatly increased numbers attending the Wake. The cancellation of the 2010 event was a direct result of there being over 15,000 spectators in attendance the previous year.
Local rugby players volunteer to be 'catchers', posted at
the finishing line to protect competitors from (further) collisions and
injuries. They seem to particularly enjoy the Ladies
Only one Cooper's Hill Master of Ceremonies is known to have
retired – all others have died in office.
From time to time, great cheese-rolling champions have
arisen. The two greatest of these,
Stephen Gyde of Brockworth and Stephen Brain of Gloucester, won 38 cheeses between 1978 and
2000. Both are now retired. The newest pretender to their crown, Chris
Anderson of Brockworth, has now amassed 6 cheeses in 6 years, and featured in
the video for the Maccabees, 'Can You Give It' – see below.
War rationing, introduced in 1941, meant that a wooden
'cheese' was used until 1954. Within its paper wrappings, a small compartment
was left for a tiny piece of cheese, in order that tradition might properly be
maintained. Cheeses have also been
rolled every year (including 2010) in which the Wake has been cancelled.
A total of 93 Penalty Charge Notices were issued on the 25th
May 2009 in the vicinity of the cheese rolling event by Tewkesbury Borough
council for parking offences.
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged Cheese Rolling, england, Rituals | Leave a comment
March 30, 2010 by mrdavidrowe
Whuppity Scoorie
Spring festivals and rituals are relatively few in Europe,
and mostly revolve around the Christian calendar and the Easter/Passover
season. However, in many ancient
cultures (including Roman and Hebrew), the new life of spring marked the New
Year, and was marked accordingly. Even
in Great Britain, the numbered year began on March 25 until 1752
and the adoption of the Gregorian calendar.
The annual observation of Whuppity Scoorie, in the historic
town of Lanark in the Scottish Lowlands, seems to hark back to an ancient
system like that of the Romans, wherein the month of March was the first of the
year, and March 1 New Year's Day.
On that date, several weeks before the vernal equinox, Whuppity Scoorie
observes the increasing light of the new year chase away the receding darkness
of winter, whilst adding in a little chasing of its own.
The origins of the event are unknown, as is its precise
purpose, but Whuppity Scoorie contains enough diverse symbolism to suggest that
it is more than a mere New Year festival or pagan ritual; it is very probably
several such things combined. Suggestions
include such things as a penitential act of repentance and 'scooring' (ie.
cleansing), a winter exorcism rite of the sort common elsewhere in Britain, a celebration of
lengthening days and the lifting of the children's winter curfew. This final possibility is given added credence
by the Victorian-era practice of the town's boys concluding proceedings by
marching two miles to meet their counterparts from New Lanark in battle (all
apparently with both communities' full approval, including that of the police).
Every year, on the first day of March, the local children
gather at Lanark Cross by St Nicholas Kirk in anticipation for the 6pm
bell. But when the hour strikes, it is
not the church's main bells that are rung, but the town's 'Wee Bell', which has
remained silent for the 6 months of darkening days and winter.
At the sound, the children start to race around the Kirk,
swinging paper balls above their heads and making as much noise as they can. After three laps, members of the Community
Council throw handfuls of coins into the air for the children to scrabble
The ritual itself is short and rather haphazard, but
provides the focal point for a wider community event, both on the evening of March 1 and in the week-long
storytelling and arts festival.
Until recently, prizes were awarded for the first boy and girl to
complete the three circuits, but this has now ceased in an attempt to making
the running safer for the smaller children by removing the competitive aspect. Younger children are also dissuaded from joining in the coin scrabble.
The earliest
known record of the tradition is from a local newspaper article, written in
the mid-19th century. Whuppity Scoorie was still
called 'the wee bell ceremony' at the time, confirming the antiquity of that
aspect of the ritual. The custom's
popular name was first attested in 1893, by which time the ceremony was known
to be over 120 years old.
Lanark used to have a racecourse and the 'Lanark Silver
Bell' is thought to be one of the oldest racing trophies in Europe, although its link to the 'Wee Bell' is unknown.
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged Rituals, Scotland, Whuppity Scoorie | Leave a comment
January 17, 2010 by mrdavidrowe
Shin Kicking
Shin kicking (or 'hacking' as it has been known in other contexts) is one of the oldest, and bloodiest, of the physical contest sports. And whereas boxing or wrestling had their rules codified at a relatively early date, giving rise to widespread and unified successes, shin kicking was simply considered too wild and barbaric for any comparable attention.
Originally a working man's contest in many parts of England, Wales and North America, reports abound of blood gushing from the legs of hobnailed (or clogged) competitors, often in the nude, with individual contests lasting upto forty-five minutes. Not surprisingly, shin kicking gained a reputation somewhat akin to that of cock-fighting, and died out with the dawning of a more genteel age in the nineteenth century.
One of the traditional homes of competitive shin kicking is the Cotswold Olimpicks (sic), a fun day of sporting contests initiated by a certain Robert Dover, with royal approval, in 1612. The Olimpicks, annually held, brought upwards of thirty thousand spectators to 'Dover's Hill' in Gloucestershire, attracted by such events as The Pig Race, Backswords, Spurning the Barre (an equivalent to caber tossing). But it also suffered under the heavy-handed Puritan government's desire to protect the people from pointless frivolity and were abandoned upon the death of the founder, at the time of the English Civil War.
Restarted after the Restoration, the Olimpicks (or 'Dover's Meeting' as it then came to be known) grew to the vast popularity which eventually proved its downfall. Because the festival, of which shin kicking was a mainstay, attracted such numbers of 'the riff-raff of society', it became a bother and burden to the local hosts, who finally disbanded the Games in 1852, not to re-emerge for a century.
But the Cotswold Olimpicks was not forgotten. A revival was staged in 1951 as part of the Festival of Britain, by which time the modern Olympics was firmly lodged in the public consciousness, and the traditional Cotswold spelling added to the uniqueness of the lost event. The Games were permanently re-established 1963, with shin kicking providing a unique centrepiece: the only annual tournament of the sport in the world.
The Cotswold Olimpicks are held on Dover's Hill, near Chipping Camden in Gloucestershire, on the Friday following the Whitsun bank holiday – ie. at the end of May or beginning of June – and are opened by men representing Robert Dover and (fellow royalist) Endyminion Porter. Resplendent in authentic 17th Century garb, they accompany the Queen of the Scuttlebrook Wake (an associated local festival) through a faux castle gate at around 7pm to herald the commencement of the Games.
Shin kicking contestants wear the white smocks of traditional Cotswold shepherds, and prepare for their bouts by stuffing straw – their only safety equipment – into the lower legs of their trousers.
Then, under the gaze of the fellow-jacketed 'stickler' (as in 'stickler for the rules' = umpire) the contestants grapple shoulders and let fly. No heavy or reinforced footwear can be worn, and kicks are only allowed below the knee; they are used to weaken the opponent so that they can be thrown to the ground. In reality, shin kicking is a form of wrestling – the opponent has to be floored in order to be defeated – but is more than a test of strength, since any 'wrestle down' has to be performed amidst the act of kicking, and no sweeping moves (a la Judo) are permitted.
The tournament progresses through several rounds – dependent on numbers of entrants – and the later stages take on the air of an endurance event, with already-battered competitors summoning up every last ounce of determination as they undergo further pain during the best-of-three contest.
OTHER FEATURESThe Olimpicks presently includes events such as Tug of War, the Straw Bale Race, Sledgehammer Throwing, and a 5 mile race, alongside the more traditional Spurning the Barre and Shin Kicking.
A useful tip for shin kickers appears to be the wearing of stretchy trousers (eg. jogging bottoms), enabling a greater quantity of straw to be stuffed into place. In the brutal 19th Century, competitors were known to harden their shins with coal hammers.
On its way to Bath, the 100-mile Cotswold Way connects Chipping Camden with Cooper's Hill (the home of cheese rolling). The two events usually occur in the same week – Spring Bank Holiday Monday and the following Friday.
Shinkicking @ Yahoo! Video
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged Championship Events, Cheese Rolling, chipping camden, clog fighting, cotswold games, cotswold olimpicks, england, gloucestershire, hacking, robert dover, Shin Kicking, traditional sports of england, wrestling | 1 Comment
January 7, 2010 by mrdavidrowe
The history of the plough is closely linked to the development of settled agrarian lifestyles. The domestication of cattle in the fertile crescent of Mesopotamia, perhaps as early as the 6th Century BC, provided the power behind the simple scratch plough which, with adjustments, was the main form of the technology until the advent of the tractor in the 19th Century. Before this time, all ploughing was small-scale and done by hand.
In Enlightenment-era Europe, oxen were generally replaced with heavy horses, and ploughs became more weighty and improved in design, aided by technology imported from China by the Dutch. Later, as steam and internal combustion engines emerged, able to bear multiple-furrow and rotating ploughs, the use of livestock sharply declined, especially in the West.
Since proficiency in ploughing is directly correlative to successful sowing and food production in general, there has always been a competitive element to the discipline, usually as a matter of pride between neighbouring ploughmen. In 1931, two farmers (one from Co. Kildare, and the other from Co. Wexford) sought to settle their debate on which of the Irish counties produced the best ploughmen by instigating a national competition. Forty entries were received from across Ireland, with Wexford ultimately beating Wicklow and Kilkenny into second and third positions respectively. This successful event spawned others around the country, making the formation of a national ploughing association a necessity.
Under the auspices of the NPA, the championship has grown from a curiosity of small note to being the largest agricultural event in Europe, attracting nigh on two hundred thousand visitors over its three days. Until 1949, all competitions were for horse-drawn ploughs, but this has diversified widely in the last sixty years.
The National Ploughing Championship has no permanent location, there having been over thirty different venues over its eighty year history, but is held over the penultimate weekend in September each year. There are presently around twenty classes or disciplines of ploughing which one may enter – including competitions for age groups, vintage tractors, horse-pulled ploughs, and types of furrow – as well as many other attractions and sideshows.
A competition plot is 100m (roughly half a furlong) x 20m, with variations for reversible ploughing. A set period of time is permitted both for the opening furrow (which thereafter acts as a guide) and for ploughing the remaining plot, with penalty points given for over-running. Achievement is not, as might be expected, a mere matter of speed, but is determined by a complex judging process, in which furrow shape, depth, and straightness are all taken into account. Nine sets of measurements are taken per plot, and points awarded or deducted for the individual measurements and averages.
Due to the scale of the event, appropriate venues are now hard to come by. A minimum three hundred acre site is required for the ploughing, parking facilities, and accompanying village of trade stands and livestock exhibitions. The championship has become a truly national event, attracting visitors from all walks of Irish life – including many ingratiating politicians – and not just the farming community.
The World Ploughing Championships have been held as part of the NPC on five occasions – 1954, 1973, 1981, 1996, and 2006.
Scoring System, Conventional Ploughing
1. Opening Split:
Completeness of cutting through the sod throughout the whole length and width of the split. Uniformity and Neatness. 10 points.
2. Crown:
No stubble, grass or weed (trash). Furrow slices close. No wheel marks. 10 points.
Uniform furrow slices. No high ridge. Soil made available. 10 points.
4. General work: [Weed control]
No stubble, grass or weed (trash) Skimmers must be used. 10 points.
Furrow slices close and firm. No holes. No wheel marks. 10 points.
6. General work: [Seed bed]
Soil made available for seed bed. 10 points.
Uniformity and conformity of furrow slices. 10 points.
8. Ins and Outs:
Neatness and regularity. No wheel marks. 10 points.
9. Finish:
Neatness and weed control. 10 points.
10. Finish:
Closeness and uniformity of finishing furrow slices. Narrowness and shallowness. Only one wheel mark allowed. 10 points.
11. Straightness:
Measured four times: (i) Opening Furrow, (ii) Crown, (iii) General Work, (iv) Finish. 20 points.
12. General appearance:
All aspects and workmanship. Clearly defined and uniform furrow slices. No pairing of furrows. 10 points.
Non-farming events to take place during the Championships include 'most appropriately dressed' man and woman for which there is a prize of a holiday.
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged Championship Events, heavy horse, Ireland, irish ploughing championship, national ploughing association, National ploughing championship, NPA, Ploughing, shire horse | Leave a comment
December 21, 2009 by mrdavidrowe
Tolling the Devil's Knell
"The Devil`s Knell will be tolled on Christmas Eve, to finish on the stroke of midnight." – Dewsbury Minster Church Bulletin
In the Western world, the history of bell-ringing is inextricably linked to the development and spread of Christianity. There are no records at all of bells in the pre-Christian era, and the earliest references to them come from the second century, being used in a Christian context. Bell-ringing can take many forms, but the solemn ringing of the Passing Bell traditionally denoted the death of some significant person, and for all society to take note. In 1624, John Donne warned against sending 'to know for whom the bell tolls', since every human death brings the diminishment of humanity as a whole. But there is one funereal peel to which Donne would not have applied this rule, since on Christmas Eve in Dewsbury, Yorkshire, the bells record the demise not of any human, but of Satan himself.
In 1434, a local knight, Thomas de Soothill, flew into a rage upon hearing that a servant boy had failed to attend church that week. He grabbed the boy and, lifting him up, threw him into a mill pond, where the boy drowned. Overwhelmed by remorse at the murder, and as an act of penance, de Soothill paid for a new 1300-weight tenor bell for the parish church (now Dewsbury Minster), asking for it to be tolled at his funeral as people prayed for his soul. Sir Thomas also instituted the practice that the bell (named Black Tom after its benefactor) should be to be rung on Christmas Eve, with one toll for each year of the Christian Era, to proclaim the defeat of evil and the forgiveness of all sins, not just his own. At the time of writing, we are in anno domini ('year of our Lord') two thousand and nine, this being, in Christian understanding, the two thousand and ninth Year of Grace since the birth of Jesus.
Dewsbury Minster, like many congregations in the Church of England, celebrates Midnight Mass as the clock ticks from Christmas Eve to the Christ-Mass itself. "The first eucharist of Christmas declares the defeat of evil," as the church rector says. With this understanding, Tolling the Devil's Knell should not be seen as a separate ritual but as an extended drum-roll, leading up to the taking of the sacrament. The final toll is timed to take place on the stroke of midnight.
Since Black Tom now has to be rung well over two thousand times before twelve o'clock, the Tolling of the Devil's Knell has to begin at 10:15pm, with the bell being struck (on average) every three seconds. The Midnight Mass service begins at 11:15pm, but the Knell continues. A scorer keeps tally of the rising number tolled, as seen below in a picture from the 1950s.
The tenor bell, Black Tom, was featured on a 31p stamp in the 1980s, as part of a Royal Mail set called Traditions of England.
Although Christian views on Satan vary, few would suggest that the Devil was actually killed when God was incarnated as a human (in the Nativity – 'birth'), but that by this event his future defeat was sealed. In this sense, the Tolling of the Devil's Knell at Dewsbury can be seen as a kind of exercise in goading; reminding Lucifer of his defeat and ultimate doom.
Alternatively, since the ringing of bells (and other assorted noise-making) was often used in Mediaeval times to cleanse a locality of evil spirits, the Dewsbury ritual may well have included such a function, although the alternate name for the ritual – Old Lad's Passing – seems to indicate the former understanding.
The Knell is not participatory – the bells are rung by the Minster's own regular team – and is far from a crowd-pleasing spectacle, since there are no accompanying rituals until the service starts.
The inscription on the bell is:
I shall be here if treated just
When they are mouldering in the dust
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged christmas eve, Christmas/Midwinter/Yule, dewsbury, england, english tradition, minster, old lad's passing, parish church, passing bell, ritual, Rituals, Tolling the Devil's Knell | Leave a comment
Wassailing
Often mentioned, rarely understood, wassailing is a midwinter ritual, primarily performed in England. Apple tree wassailing, such as is practiced at the Whimple Wassail, is a ceremony which involves drinking to and singing the health of the apple trees.
In pre-Norman days, the phrase Wæs (þu) hal! – meaning 'be (thou) hale' – was an everyday greeting, and it eventually wore down into the single word wassail. The Saxon and Norse English both shared this phrase, along with the accompanying practice of welcoming a visitor with a cup of ale or mead, which allowed wassail! to develop as an all-purpose toast to good health. Since 'hal' is the ancestor of our modern 'whole', 'heal', and 'holy', this toast can be seen as more holistic than wishing simple soundness of body. It is not known whether the wassailing of trees is as ancient as the phrase itself, or whether one practice grew out of the other, but it is in this midwinter ritual that the term has principally endured and remains in use today.
Wassailing is widespread throughout England, and especially in cider-producing regions such as the Westcountry, Kent, and Herefordshire. Its traditional date is Twelfth Night, January 6th, although many prefer 'Old Twelvey Night', January 17th, which would have been Twelfth Night but for the loss of eleven days after England's adoption of the Gregorian Calendar in 1752. This is the practice at Whimple in Devon, where the village's historic festivities (which had ceased during the Second World War) were restarted in 1993. Fortunately for Whimple, the fifty year cessation of wassailing in the village had not dimmed the memories of its oldest residents, and the present practices and songs are a continuation of the age-old.
On the evening of Old Twelfth Night, participants gather at the Fountain Inn in Whimple to meet, practice the songs, and show off their costumes. The Mayor (appointed for the occasion, since Whimple no longer has one) leads proceedings, ably assisted by the Princess and the Wassailing Queen, who lead the wassailers out of the pub to the first orchard.
The Princess carries lightly-toasted bread in a flasket, which the Queen dips in Wassail (spiced cider made from the self-same orchard) and is hoisted aloft so that she can hang it in the branches of the oldest tree, while reciting the traditional verse:
Here's to thee, old apple tree,
That blooms well, bears well.
Hats full,caps full,
Three bushel bags full,
An' all under one tree.
Hurrah! Hurrah!
Having done so, the participants (who bring a variety of homespun percussion instruments and noisemakers) sing the Whimple Wassail Song and dance around the tree, before toasting it with Cider from the communal Wassail Cup. The ceremony concludes with shots being fired through the branches and the villagers making as much noise as possible; shouting and screaming and banging their instruments. The soaked toast is seen as reminding the tree of last year's goodness, while the noisemaking is used to 're-wake' the trees for the new year, as well as being a variation on old cleansing rituals whereby evil spirits were chased from the vicinity.
Three separate orchards require three ceremonies, interspersed with processional music and a pause of remembrance to John Shepherd (who led the reestablishment of the ritual and taught the villagers all the old songs), before concluding with more cider and merrymaking at the village cricket club.
Wassailing rituals vary from place to place, with a variety of blessings, toasts and songs dependent on the locality. In Herefordshire and Wales, wassailing is often combined with midwinter rituals of spiritual-cleansing by fire, with flaming torches placed in tree branches and bonfires lit.
The fact that pieces of toast are used as part of a 'toast' may not be a coincidence. In former years, toasted breads and cakes were often used as a flavouring in mulled wine and cider, hence 'drinking a toast'. The pieces of toast first used in wassailing probably were these flavourings.
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged apple, christmas, Christmas/Midwinter/Yule, cider, devon, england, midwinter, orchard, ritual, Rituals, tradition, wassail, Wassailing, westcountry, whimple wassail, yule | Leave a comment
December 6, 2009 by mrdavidrowe
Man vs Horse
Humans have always loved, and often harnessed, the speed and strength of the horse, and the stories of our species are intertwined – indeed, barring a few isolated groups, horses have been an entirely domesticated species for nearly five thousand years.
In 1980, in the mid-Wales town of Llanwrtyd Wells, an argument broke out in the pub concerning an age-old matter. "Yes, we all know that horses can sprint fast," one man declared, "but, over a real distance, man is its equal." The pub was the Neuadd Arms and the speaker was the landlord, Gordon Green. To resolve the dispute, Green suggested a full public test: a race. A £1000 prize was put up to attract competitors willing the attempt the feat, and the Man vs Horse Marathon has been staged every year since.
Unwittingly, the event has revived memories of a great Welsh historic precedent. In the early years of the 18th Century, Guto Nyth Bran's exploits as a runner stretched to near mythological proportions, such as catching hares and birds and going undefeated over a twenty year period. Not least amongst these achievements was the occasion on which he was challenged to race against a horse, coming home the winner over a distance of 12 miles, but collapsing and dying at the moment of triumph.
Still organised by creator Gordon Green, the Man vs Horse Marathon is run over a rough, cross-country course of 22 miles, and has become the largest horse race in Britain, attracting more riders in recent years than the forty competitors in a Grand National. Numbers of entrants on the side of the runners now usually reach over two hundred and fifty, and are also increasing. Horses have had the upper hand on runners in all bar two of the races to date.
The race is run in a loop in the countryside around Llanwrtyd Wells, with the runners starting 15 minutes before the horses. This protects against the front-runners clashing on the narrow paths along which much of the race is run. The course is specially chosen to provide a close contest between man and beast.
Every year, a £1000 prize is put up as bait for aspiring runners – there is no reward bar satisfaction for the riders – and every year that it remains unclaimed, it rolls over to the next. So it was that the first successful man to win the race – marathon runner Hugh Lobb in 2004 – received twenty-five years' worth of prize money. When Florian Holginger emulated the feat in 2007, there was only £3000 in the kitty.
For a period between 1985 and 1993, cyclists were allowed to compete in the race. This included the first victory of man over horse when cyclist Tim Gould won in 1989. However, since mountain bikes are presently not permitted to race on bridleways, this accommodation has had to cease.
Until his death in 1999, Screaming Lord Sutch, founder and leader of the Monster Raving Loony Party, was the official race starter and a staunch supporter of the event.
Llanwrtyd Wells is quite a centre of excellence in the field of quirky sports and traditions. In addition to Man vs Horse, it hosts a variety of competitions and events, including the Bog-Snorkelling World Championships, the Drovers Walk, Mountain Bike Chariot Racing and a celebration of the Roman festival of Saturnalia.
Posted in Traditional Sports	| Tagged Guto Bryth Nan, Llanwrtyd Wells, Man versus horse, Man vs Horse, marathon, race, Screaming Lord Sutch, traditional sports, Wales | Leave a comment


The Elite was a really great 2nd book, and that's always a refreshing surprise because so many second books change what was great about the first. This one doesn't do that, and it really starts to show the flaws in Maxon and America.
Maxon is a great guy, but he wants someone to love him and I certainly can't blame him for that. I know America gets hurt quite a bit by his relationships with the other girls, but because she wasn't willing to commit I can't totally blame him for wanting to play the field. Maxon has never been able to date knowing the Selection was coming, so this is really his only chance to make mistakes, have flings, and be a little reckless with his affections. I know he truly cares for America, but throughout this whole book she keeps him at arms length. So much of the behavior she abhors is behavior that she created.
Saying all of that of course I understand America's perspective. Who wants to be one of many girls? How can you really trust what Maxon says knowing he's kissing other girls and taking them on dates? I wouldn't want to put myself to far out there either. I did think that it was a little crass of her to try to rebound with Aspen especially when she wasn't sure of her feelings for either one of them. Maxon is going to find out about it, and it will create all kinds of problems. Rightfully so, America said she would put Aspen behind her and focus on Maxon to see if she could care for him.
While it seems a bit unfair Maxon doesn't really have a choice in the Selection and he has to date. This is America's chance to show him how devoted she can be. I loved the political tension that ran throughout this book. While it was still secondary to the romance, I definitely feel like it is growing and will be a much bigger part in the finale. I really liked how the political aspect has grown with the characters.
At first it seemed like this would be another fluffy dystopian where there was a little bit of political unrest but it was more about the romance. I think that was following the mindset of the characters, and right now in the series that is changing. America is starting to realize that she has the power to change, or at the very least the ability to stand up for others. This is leading her to a greater awareness of what is going on in her country.
I really enjoyed this book, and while the writing wasn't the best I've ever seen Kiera Cass does a great job of creating well rounded and fleshed out characters. Along with a plot that seems to be picking up. I would give it 4.5 out of 5 stars just because there was indefinable that was missing in it for me. However, I do highly recommend this series and am going to be moving on to the final installment immediately.
The highly anticipated conclusion to Kiera Cass's #1 New York Times bestselling Selection series, The One will captivate readers who love dystopian YA fiction and fairy tales. The One is the perfect finale for fans who have followed America's whirlwind romance since it began–and a swoon-worthy read for teens who have devoured Veronica Roth's Divergent, Ally Condie's Matched, or Lauren Oliver's Delirium.
The One was a great finale in this series. I was so glad to be proven right when this book was far more about the political situation in the country than the romance. Don't get me wrong, the romancewas still a huge factor, but alot of the interactions between Maxon and America in this book were around the situation in their country.
I loved how much America started to grow in this book. It's not just that she was immature in the last book and did some foolish things, but she actually started to strategize and to think of ways she could get around the rules that they had imposed rather than breaking them outright. I think that's important because the king has so much power to hurt her that it's the only way to stay true to herself but also stay safe.
The relationship between Maxon and America really started to grow in this book from midnight escapades to creating new friendships. Their relationship started being more of a partnership, and that was wonderful to see because I think in Maxon's position a partner is the best thing you could have. I wondered how the situation with Aspen would continue, and I was relieved to see that the book really revolved around Maxon and Aspen took a backseat. I really feel like with all the changes that America had been through Aspen just wasn't right for her.
I loved the political intrigue in this book, especially as it just started coming out of the woodwork. There were so many characters that surprised me, and so many new characters that I just fell in love with. It was really wonderful that even in the final book I was still being surprised by these characters.
Of course, Maxon had to find out about Aspen and that was one part of the romance that was so heart-breaking to read. America should really have confided long ago in Maxon that Aspen was a soldier in the palace. I can understand not wanting too or being afraid after what happened to Marlee, but America has learned Maxon by now. Being upfront was the best option for her, and it was awful that she didn't choose that.
I loved this book more than the first two, and I'm so glad to say that this was a 5 out of 5 star read for me. The characters grew into themselves, and Kiera Cass created great dialogue about a horrible system and really fleshed her characters out and made them multi-dimensional. I've loved her characters and writing since The Siren, and am so glad there is another 5 star book in this. I highly recommend this series, as I found it incredibly refreshing and the perfect mix of romance and dystopia.
I loved the first book in this series, and I have the other two sitting on my bookshelves waiting for me to read them. This has been HIGHLY motivating 😉 I'm glad you liked them so much–great reviews!


Reboot believes that in work is the possibility of the full realization of human potential. Work does not have to destroy us. Work can be the way we achieve our fullest self.
Sarah Jane is a seasoned startup veteran who has held posts in operations, community management, and marketing. She openly shares her experience of burnout and depression at a startup with hope it will help others know they are not alone.
After practicing her own journey of self-inquiry and cultivating a desire to see more human being friendly workplaces independently for years, she is delighted to have found her true tribe at Reboot. Sarah Jane holds a degree in Electronic Media from The University of Cincinnati, which proves that if you don't have your life totally figured at 23, it's still going to be ok.


We also encouraged Afghan women to play their rightful roles in business, in the Legislature, elsewhere in government and in the military, and they did. The implicit message was that if you step forward, we've got your back. It was a time when American interests and American values were in harmony. I hosted receptions to recognize Afghan women of courage. Through the U.S. Agency for International Development, we funded efforts to establish shelters for women fleeing spousal or other familial abuse - a reminder that in Afghanistan's male-dominated society, it wasn't only the Taliban who threatened women's safety.
President Barack Obama proved in Iraq that America cannot end a war by withdrawing its forces - the battle space is simply left to our adversaries. In Afghanistan, President Donald Trump has a choice. He can follow Obama's example and leave the country to the Taliban, or he can make clear that the United States has interests, values and allies, and will stand behind them.