text:
Contact Kathryn's Report
Maintenance Test Flight: Aero Commander 200D, N200HS; fatal accident occurred August 20, 2019 at Livingston County Spencer J. Hardy Airport (KOZW), Howell, Michigan
The National Transportation Safety Board traveled to the scene of this accident.
Additional Participating Entities:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Detroit, Michigan
Continental Aircraft Engines; Mobile, Alabama
Aviation Accident Preliminary Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
https://registry.faa.gov/N200HS
Location: Howell, MI
Accident Number: CEN19FA279
Date & Time: 08/20/2019, 1118 EDT
Registration: N200HS
Aircraft: Aero Commander 200
Injuries: 2 Fatal
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Personal
On August 20, 2019, about 1118 eastern daylight time, an Aero Commander (Meyers) 200D airplane, N200HS, impacted terrain shortly after departing the Livingston County Spencer J Hardy Airport (OZW), Howell, Michigan. The pilot and pilot rated passenger received fatal injuries and the airplane was substantially damaged. The airplane was registered to Southern Aircraft Consultancy, Inc, Trustee, Norfolk, United Kingdom, and operated by a private individual. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed for the Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 maintenance test flight.
According to initial reports, the airplane had recently undergone maintenance, including the installation of a new field overhauled engine and a 3-bladed propeller. The purpose of the flight was for a maintenance test flight for the airplane. The pilot-rated passenger, seated in the right seat, was also a mechanic who had performed the recent work on the airplane. The pilot, seated in the left seat, owned a similar airplane make and model.
The airplane was flown earlier in the day. The airplane was then fueled with 34.4 gallons of fuel. It is unknown if any adjustments or maintenance items were accomplished before the second flight.
Witnesses reported that the airplane departed runway 13 at OZW; they added that when the airplane was about 200 to 300 ft in the air, the airplane appeared to stop its climb and was silent. One witness reported that it looked like the airplane tried to turn back to the runway, before entering a rapid decent.
The airplane impacted terrain and came to rest about 600 ft beyond the departure end of the runway. The responding Federal Aviation Administration inspector, the NTSB Investigator-in-Charge, and a technical representative from the engine manufacturer examined the airplane wreckage on site. The examination found the engine air filter element was displaced and in the engine intake tube (see figures 1 and 2).
Figure 1: Air intake
Figure 2: Air intake and air filter element
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: Aero Commander
Model/Series: 200 D
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Amateur Built: No
Operator: On file
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KOZW
Observation Time: 1139 EDT
Distance from Accident Site:
Temperature/Dew Point: 28°C / 21°C
Lowest Cloud Condition: Scattered / 8500 ft agl
Wind Speed/Gusts, Direction: 6 knots / , 140°
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility: 10 Miles
Altimeter Setting: 30.06 inches Hg
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Departure Point: Howell, MI (KOZW)
Destination: Howell, MI (KOZW)
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 2 Fatal
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 2 Fatal
Latitude, Longitude: 42.624722, -83.973333
Those who may have information that might be relevant to the National Transportation Safety Board investigation may contact them by email eyewitnessreport@ntsb.gov, and any friends and family who want to contact investigators about the accident should email assistance@ntsb.gov.
Philip Colmer
A shining star, a smiling face, a friend to all, and a connoisseur of everything that defines happy life, Philip "Flip" Colmer, age 64, unexpectedly left this earth for his final flight west on 20 August, 2019. Flip, born 3 May, 1955, grew up to find joy in the pursuit of high adventure. He enjoyed travel, skydiving, and flying the most. An aviator by profession, he was commissioned an Officer in the U.S. Navy in 1978 and earned his Gold Navy Pilot Wings a few years later. He served in the Active ranks and Reserves as a carrier pilot, flying the A-7E Corsair and FA-18C Hornet jets before retiring from the Reserves in 1998 with the rank of Lieutenant Commander. In 1989, after leaving active duty, he joined Northwest Airlines, which became part of Delta in 2008. Over his 30 year airline career, he rose to the rank of Captain on the Boeing 767.
On 26 August, 1994, he married Rebecca Sharp, his best friend, fellow skydiver, and beloved travel companion for the remainder of his life. When not exploring the larger world with his wife, he enjoyed brewing his own beer and even dabbled with competitive aerobatic flying. Outside of flying, he was involved in many charitable projects, his favorite as a key team member of Project Recover expeditions to the Pacific to find and repatriate the remains of missing American servicemen from World War II. Philip "Flip" Colmer is preceded in death by his parents, Malcolm and Marjorie (Fleiss) Colmer.
He is survived by his wife, Rebecca Sharp, his two sisters, Barbara Colmer (Kooper, NY) and Amy Ream (Portland, OR), his sister-in-law, Samara Anjelae (Berea, KY), and his two brothers-in-law, Michael and Lew Sharp (Lexington & Paris, KY).
A Memorial Service will be held Sunday, August 25, 2019 at 2:00 p.m. at Staffan-Mitchell Funeral Home, Chelsea, MI, with visitation from 1:00 - 2:00 p.m. In lieu of flowers, please consider donating to Project Recover or Ann Arbor Fisher House Michigan.
https://www.mitchellfuneral.com
James Tafralian
April 10th, 1951 - August 20th, 2019
James passed away at the age of 68 on August 20, 2019. Beloved and proud father of Michigan State Trooper Frank (fiancé Katherine). Loving brother of Michael, Diane, Nancy and Karen. Dear son of the late Arthur and the late Gladys. James will also be missed by the Tafralian, Karakashian, Mahakian & Melikian families, the Sky Diving & Aviation Communities and all that knew him. Visitation Wednesday 5:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. with a 7:30 p.m. Prayer Service at St. Johns Armenian Church, 22001 Northwestern Highway, Southfield. In state Thursday 10 a.m. until 11:00 a.m. funeral service at church. In lieu of flower memorial donations to www.skydivingmuseum.org or Fallen Trooper Memorial Fund – which is its own entity within MSTAF dedicated to the upkeep of the memorial at the Training Academy (Check can be made to MSTAF – FTM and mailed to the MSPTA, 1715 Abbey Road, Suite B, East Lansing, MI 48823.
https://www.ekfh.net
One of the men killed when a plane crashed Tuesday near Howell will be laid to rest this weekend.
A memorial service for 64-year-old Philip Colmer is set Sunday at 2pm at the Staffan-Mitchell Funeral Home in Chelsea. Colmer, along with 68-year-old James Tafralian, were killed when the Aero Commander 200D they were in crashed after trying to take off from the Spencer J. Hardy Airport in Howell Township.
The National Transportation Safety Board is conducting the investigation into the cause of the crash, which could take a year or more to complete. However, eyewitnesses reported that the plane appeared to lose power, bank hard to the left, and then crash nose-first into a field at the end of the runway.
Colmer, who was known to friends as Flip, was a former Navy pilot who went on to fly the Boeing 767 with Northwest and Delta Airlines. Outside of flying, he was involved in several projects, most especially as a member of Project Recover expeditions to the Pacific to find and return the remains of missing American servicemen from World War II.
He is survived by his wife Rebecca and two sisters. The family asks that in lieu of flowers, donations should be made to Project Recover or Ann Arbor Fisher House Michigan. Tafralian was also a pilot, aircraft mechanic and parachute rigger who owned County Aviation Services, based at the Livingston County Airport. His service information is not yet known.
https://www.whmi.com
LANSING, Michigan — Friend's and family tell Fox 47 James Tafralian and Phillip Henry Colmer were kind, adventurous and loved.
On Wednesday we talked to a friend who gave us a closer look at who James Tafralian was.
It's a common practice for a mechanic to take a plane out for a test after working on.
"I think they were up doing a test flight with it and it quit on takeoff," said Roy Cooper, a mechanic, and owner of Cooper's Aviation.
A test flight is what Cooper says he thinks his friend and fellow mechanic James Tarfalian was doing on Tuesday morning when he died in a plane crash at Livingston County Airport.
"He was just one of the good guys that cared about the airport and was there when you needed him. a lot of people loved him," said Cooper.
Cooper says he and Tarfalian had a special friendship that lasted more than 35 years, bonded together by their love of flying.
"He and I were kind of adrenaline junkies," said Cooper. "It's just a passion nothing like being a bird up there in that airplane."
So when he got a message with a picture of the airplane he knew immediately that the friend he calls Jim worked on that plane.
"I just got a bad feeling, so I called Jim's phone," said Cooper. "He always answers because if I need a part he always answers, same here and he didn't answer. I waited for about a half-hour and I called again and I thought oh God that phone's ringing in that airplane."
Cooper says he's seen many crashes. His other friend and mechanic, also from Livingston County, died in a plane crash a few months ago in Lake Michigan.
Cooper himself was in a crash of his own that landed him in a permanent wheelchair.
"You crash the plane the best you can to try and make it out of it," said Cooper describing the crash. "Shot it through a tree and up like that and pancaked it."
Cooper's dad taught him to fly at six years old, he was in the United States Marine Corps Aviation and started a Cooper's Aviation, where he fixes planes, in 1975. That's where he says he and Tarfalian connected the most.
"If I needed a part I called him if he needed a part he called me. It's just a big loss to all of us," said Cooper.
After the accident, Cooper says he doesn't know what will happen to James' company County Aviation. He says now, there will only be two mechanical aviation services in the area.
https://www.fox47news.com
HOWELL TOWNSHIP, Michigan (WILX) - The Livingston County Sheriff's office has released the names of the two people that died in a plane crash on Tuesday when a small plane crashed into a field on the side of the runway.
The sheriff's office is saying that the pilot was the 68-year-old and the passenger was from a company that owned the plane.
It happened around 11:20 a.m. in Howell Township at Spencer J. Hardy Airport.
The crash happened in the area of Tooley and West Highland roads, just east of I-96 in Howell Township.
Sheriff Murphy from Livingston County says that after a preliminary investigation they know a a single engine 4 passenger Aero Commander was attempting to land when it crashed.
The AP is reporting that the Federal Aviation Administration gave a conflicting account, saying the plane was taking off when it crashed.
The FAA and National Transportation Safety Board are investigating.
The Livingston Daily Press & Argus reports that a British company, Southern Aircraft Consultancy Inc, appears to have registered the aircraft with the FAA. The company helps non-citizens register their planes in the U.S.
https://www.wilx.com
Howell — A small plane crashed Tuesday in Livingston County, killing the two people who were on board, authorities said.
Livingston County Sheriff's Office deputies responded about 11:20 a.m. to the scene near West Highland and Tooley in Howell Township, the office said. The Howell Area Fire Department and the Livingston County EMS also responded to the scene.
According to a preliminary investigation, a single-engine, four-passenger Aero Commander was attempting to land at the Spencer J. Hardy Airport when it crashed, officials said in a statement.
They also said deputies will be helping with the investigation, but the federal government will lead the probe. Federal Aviation Administration officials said they had investigators on the way to the crash site and the National Transportation Safety Board planned to investigate as well.
As of 3 p.m., FAA investigators were still on scene of the crash and the aircraft had not been removed. About 2:30 p.m., two victims were taken by ambulance to University of Michigan Hospital for autopsies. Livingston County contracts with the hospital for medical examinations.
"We don't know if he was taking off or landing," Livingston County Undersheriff Jeff Warder said. "The FAA will make those determinations."
Livingston County EMS Director Jeffrey Boyd said the crash occurred at the north end of the airport. The EMS headquarters is adjacent to the airport on Tooley Road.
"Both occupants were deceased," he said. "All information has been turned over to federal investigators."
Jenny Harrison, who lives off Tooley Road, was working on her car in the driveway about 11:30 a.m. when she noticed a helicopter circling over the airport.
"I hadn't heard anything, it just felt weird like something was going on," she said.
Her mother, Patty Londy, returned from a shopping trip at Costco and saw the downed aircraft.
"We've lived here for 28 years and there have been three or four crashes," Londy said. "I hope they are all right."
When told two victims had died, Londy covered her mouth with a hand and whispered, "Oh my God. I feel so sorry for them."
The plane crash isn't the first in Michigan this month. A float plane crashed into two boats Saturday afternoon at a West Bloomfield Township lake. No serious injuries were reported.
Also, on July 27, two men were injured after their single-engine, two-seat plane crashed on Littlefield Lake in northern Isabella County.
Marine deputies patrolling the area on Jet Skis witnessed the plane attempt to take off from the lake and when the plane became airborne, it appeared to struggle to gain altitude.
Story and video ➤ https://www.detroitnews.com
Two people are dead after a small plane crashed Tuesday at Howell's Spencer J. Hardy Airport, police said.
Livingston County Sheriff Mike Murphy confirmed that the crash occurred about 11:20 a.m. Tuesday. He said the Federal Aviation Administration is investigating the incident and his office will assist.
Murphy said in a press release that the single-engine, four-passenger Aero Commander plane was attempting to land when it crashed.
The only two passengers on board were killed.
The FAA gave one piece of contradictory information about the circumstances of the crash, saying in a news release that the plane was attempting to take off.
Elizabeth Isham Cory, a spokesperson for the agency, said such discrepancies aren't unusual in the hours immediately after a crash and that what happened would be determined in the course of the investigation.
Steve Riper, who lives in next to the airport, said it "sounded like a normal takeoff for the most part and then it just got really quiet."
He said he did not hear a crash.
The FAA promised to release the aircraft tail number once investigators verify it, but said it would defer to local officials to release the names of the deceased.
Officials closed the airport on Tuesday.
From the perimeter, onlookers could see a small plane that came to rest off a runway in a grassy area and appeared to have significant damage.
FAA officials inspected what appeared to be a tire several yards in front of the plane.
The plane appears to be registered with the FAA by an aircraft registration company in the United Kingdom. It is unclear who owns the plane.
The registration company, Southern Aircraft Consultancy, Inc., assists non-U.S. citizens with legally registering their planes with the FAA.
Officials left the scene around 4 p.m. with the plane still on the grass.
Original article can be found here ➤ livingstondaily.com
A plane crashed this morning at the Spencer J. Hardy Airport in Howell Township.
Livingston County Sheriff Mike Murphy confirmed that two people were killed when a single-engine four-passenger Aero Commander 200D crashed at approximately 11:20am. Deputies from the Livingston County Sheriff's Office, Howell Area Fire, and Livingston County EMS, responded to the scene.
The National Transportation Safety Board has been notified and will be in charge of the investigation. Elizabeth Isham Cory, who handles External Communications/Public Affairs for the Federal Aviation Administration, told WHMI that the FAA will release the aircraft tail number after investigators verify it. "Neither the FAA nor the NTSB release the names of aircraft occupants. We defer to local officials to make that information available at the appropriate time. The investigation will take a year or more to complete."
Nick Spaniola of Oceola Township witnessed the crash and says he and a co-worker were heading back to work from lunch and stopped at the light at M-59 and Grand River. He says they caught a glimpse of the plane as it immediately banked hard left and came down, adding there was no explosion or flames that were visible. "It was like paper airplane that you'd throw and fall to the side. It didn't seem to have any power." He says they immediately drove over to Tooley Road and called 911.
The Associated Press reports that the plane appears to be registered with the FAA by an aircraft registration company in the United Kingdom. The registration company, Southern Aircraft Consultancy Inc., assists non-U.S. citizens with legally registering their planes with the FAA.
Original article can be found here ➤ https://www.whmi.com
Timestamp 8/20/2019 10:07:00 PM
Anonymous Tuesday, August 20, 2019 at 11:06:00 PM EDT
This one is really gonna be interesting.
pipe j3 Wednesday, August 21, 2019 at 8:05:00 AM EDT
Looks survivable...
Anonymous Wednesday, August 21, 2019 at 10:22:00 AM EDT
sure does look survivable as mentioned above...be curious if there were shoulder harnesses worn/available?
Does look survivable if a harness was worn. May not have been installed and available.
It did hit hard ... You can tell by the engine/mount displacement.
Anonymous Wednesday, August 21, 2019 at 7:24:00 PM EDT
Former airline pilot and a mechanic, sources on the scene say would have been possibly survivable if shoulder belts where used , not installed however.
A pilot who witnessed it said stalled at about 200 ft unable to break the stall in time.
Anonymous Wednesday, August 21, 2019 at 10:47:00 PM EDT
If it fell 200 feet straight down it was unsurvivable. A friend had his plane stall and drop 150 feet with similar damage but he was dead of internal injuries upon impact. I have read that a human body cannot survive a dead stop from 70 mph.
Anonymous Thursday, August 22, 2019 at 12:05:00 AM EDT
I read that the plane wobbled, stalled and rolled in inverted and hit right on the cockpit roof & windshield. First responders flipped the plane upright to extract the victims.
Anonymous Thursday, August 22, 2019 at 3:24:00 PM EDT
Sorry mate but that is a load of bull. First responders did not just flip then plane over without equipment like they were superman. The damage shown from the photographs in no way indicates landing inverted nor does the ground scarring. Unless you think they also pivoted the plane around 180 degrees for the fun of it.
https://youtu.be/crhvYzhLF1U A witness describes that the plane was upside down. My problem is that the vertical stabilizer isn't damaged on top as you would expect.
Sorry, try this URL video link: https://youtu.be/Xffz1A9dTuc. Witnesses describe events.
Anonymous Saturday, August 24, 2019 at 3:45:00 PM EDT
Unfortunate fact: Flesh cannot take the same amount of impact force as metal.
Anonymous Sunday, August 25, 2019 at 1:35:00 PM EDT
This is just an observation, but it seems that almost in all the photos of these accidents the first responders are all about 200 to 300 lbs overweight except for the fire department. I guess physical fitness for EMS and Police is not a high priority. They look like Chief Wiggim from the simpsons.
DRey Sunday, August 25, 2019 at 6:23:00 PM EDT
RIP. Been a few accidents by highly trained pilots of late. A lesson in humility. Aviation can bite hard in an instant.
Anonymous Tuesday, August 27, 2019 at 11:15:00 AM EDT
Was it the impossible turn? From the witness statement in the article, the "...eyewitnesses reported that the plane appeared to lose power, bank hard to the left, and then crash nose-first into a field at the end of the runway. "
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Even though the weather gets colder and the sun shines less, it's possible to stay just as active during the Fall as you were during the summer. There are plenty of Fall activities that making staying active fun! Click through our slideshow for inspiration on how to stay active during the chilly Fall season.


James Martoo (just Martoo) is a hella busy little man and so can't write as many AUX articles at the moment as usual. Mind you when he told me this, I don't think he realized he'd already produced and served up on a sliver platter enough music fodder to keep me, and anybody else, entertained for months.
Practically overnight my Spotify was blessed with the arrival of a whole slew of glorious new playlists, courtesy of Martoo. The food themed names are almost as good as the music they serve. And it isn't just a gimmick; somehow HONEY/NANA genuinely sounds like honey and banana feels. TURKEY/BRIE/CRANBERRY is served with appropriately generous layers of aged creamy classics, biting sweetness, and well-cured… meat.
There's Lime Cordiale, the good ditties from the Beatles, dense loads of certain artists and only the best of others. Wait for Kodaline's All I Want to hit you in TURKEY / BRIE / CRANBERRY and you'll want to go hunt down that film clip again and (definitely) cry.
Happy studying, working, bus-waiting or day drinking. And thank for the food we are about to eat.


Expert animal behaviourist Mark Vette once taught three SPCA dogs – Monty, Porter and Ginny – how to drive a car to show that rescue dogs are smart dogs. In fact, he has worked closely with rescues for 40 years! Today he shares his tips on how to make your dog's transition from its rescue organisation to your home as smooth as possible.
If you are planning on adopting a rescue dog, the first thing I must say is thank you. You're making a wonderful decision – in my experience, no one will love you better than a rescue dog and you can feel great that you're giving a home to a dog in need.
But it can be a big transition for a dog to go from the home it knows at the rescue organisation to your place, and this is especially true for adult dogs who can be a bit less adaptable than puppies. So here are the things I recommend you do to ensure your relationship with your dog gets off to the best possible start once you take them home. Doing things right the first time will make life a lot easier for both of you!
Make sure you talk to your contact at the rescue organisation and ask lots of questions about what they have been doing with your dog, and what your dog's temperament is like – have they been exposed to kids, other dogs, cats, cars etc? Do they have confidence with new people? Have they shown any fear-based behaviour? Do they have any commands under their belt yet? The more you know about your new family member, the better prepared you will be.
If this is the first dog you've ever owned, I strongly recommend you up-skill yourself on dog behaviour before you take your dog home. This will enable you to understand what your dog is trying to say to you, and how to manage those messages, so that your relationship gets off to the best possible start. My online dog training program, Dog Zen, is one option that will give you the best possible understanding of your dog.
Before you bring your new best friend home, set yourself up with everything you need for your their comfort and training – some essentials are a dog bed, crate, water and food bowls, lead, collar, clicker, toys, training treats and age-appropriate food. Having everything ready and getting your dog into a routine quickly will help it settle in easily to life with you.
When you're picking your dog up to take them home, try to make the car ride a positive, non-stressful experience. I recommend taking your clicker and training treats so you can click and reward your dog throughout the process of leaving the rescue organisation and getting into the crate or car. Ensure your dog is safe and secure for the car ride, preferably in a secure crate with soft bedding inside. Drive calmly and carefully to avoid too much bumping around. This will help your dog to be comfortable with riding in the car thereafter – it may not be something they've done a lot of since going to the rescue organisation or probably before. If your dog seems uncomfortable, it may help to break the car ride up and do some stops at parks along the way – particularly if you live far away from the rescue organisation.
When you first arrive home, put your dog on a lead and walk them around the property to sniff and get their bearings. Take them to the toileting area first and spend a bit of time there to give your dog a chance to go after being in the car.
When you come inside, do a walk around of the main living area that your dog will spend most time in, then put them in a crate. A crate is a den-like space for a dog – small, warm and enclosed – and it makes them feel safe, which is a good way to start in this new location. The crate should contain a soft, comfortable bed space and a water bowl. If your dog isn't house trained, any space not covered by the bed should be covered in newspaper and there should be easy access to an external door if possible. Being right next to a dog door that goes out to a secure yard is even better! My Dog Zen online training program teaches house training in more depth; you can check it out here at www.dogzen.com.
At first, I would suggest you bring your dog into a quiet household to enable them to get used to the new situation before being introduced to the rest of the family – particularly if you have kids and they didn't meet at the SPCA, as they can be a bit unpredictable and scary to a dog that is in a new situation. Introduce family members one at a time, and ask each person to exhibit non-threatening behaviour. This means they should crouch down, turn slightly sideways, they should not stare and they should call the dog to them rather than approaching it full on, using a clicker and treats throughout the meet and greet. When the dog approaches, patting it under the chin and on the chest area is best to begin with. Your dog may be immediately comfortable with the whole family, but every dog is different and some need to take it a bit more slowly, so start gently just in case. Click and reward your dog as it meets each new family member, and ask the family members to give the dog treats too.
If you have other pets in your house, you also want to ensure these relationships get off to a good start!
When introducing your new dog to other dogs, ideally start by encouraging an 'inguinal greet'. This is the dog's version of a handshake, and involves the dogs sniffing each others groin and backside areas. You want to present your current dog's backside to your new family member – do this by holding your dog between your legs with its back end facing the new dog. Once the new dog has sniffed the area, let your current dog turn around and sniff your new dog too. Click and reward both dogs continuously throughout this process to establish a positive association. Be aware when you're feeding both dogs for the first time that there aren't any issues – you should separate them for dinner until you're sure they'll be alright together. Also ensure that life stays as consistent as possible for your existing dog – make sure you give both dogs equal attention.
If you have a cat, first make sure you ask the rescue organisation staff about your dog's sociability with cats. Either way, I recommend you start by putting your cat in a crate in a living area. Bring your new dog into the room, and click and reward it for calm and nice behaviour. Let your dog sniff around the cat's crate, continuing to click and reward it. When you feel both animals are comfortable, you can let your cat out of the crate (but keep your dog on the lead initially) and continue to click and reward. Be careful handling the cat as it may be scared and possibly become aggressive to you too.
Check with the rescue organisation what food they were feeding your dog before you adopted them. If you don't plan on feeding the same brand, slowly swap out the old food with the new food over a couple of weeks. Start by mixing 20% new food with 80% old food for a few days, then gradually increase the amount of new food and decrease the amount of old food. This will help to prevent any tummy upsets from a changing diet! They will do best staying on the diet they had at the rescue organisation for at least a while.
From the moment you bring your dog into your home, you should begin positive reinforcement training – this means rewarding your dog for behaviour you want to see, either using a clicker to click and reward your dog, or with praise and pats. It's tempting to let your new dog do whatever it wants in the first few days because you want to lavish it with love, but it's easier and less stressful for everyone if you make the house rules and boundaries clear from the get-go. If you don't want your dog to sleep on your bed, never let them on your bed. If you don't want your dog to jump on you or anyone else, don't reward them for jumping on you by patting them when they do and do click and reward them when all their feet are on the ground. If you want your dog to go and lie quietly on its mat, reward it when it does this. Using a clicker to click and reward positive behaviour will make training heaps faster and more effective – I highly recommend you get one! You can also use the clicker to teach your dogs all of the essential basic commands (if they don't already know them) – come, heel, stay, sit, down, wait etc.
Remember that positive training helps to build a strong bond between you and your dog – it's engaging, stimulating and fun for your dog to do training in which they're rewarded with yummy treats! Also, when your dog learns that you are a source of all the good things in life, they will be attentive to you and look to you for direction.
As quickly as you can, set up a routine for your dog of playtime, feeding, exercise, relaxed time etc. Don't spend every waking minute with your dog, as this can cause separation distress – leave your dog alone for periods of time, maybe just 15 minutes at first, then an hour, then go out for a few hours, etc. This will help your dog feel comfortable when you are away. You may also like to invite people round to your house to meet your dog in the early days, to enable your dog to become accustomed to having new people coming into the house.
Remember that your dog may have been through some significant changes in its life. It may have been in unpleasant and unloving circumstances before it went to the rescue organisation. We aren't perfect and neither are our dogs, so be patient with them, allow them to make mistakes, and give them heaps of love and attention for desired behaviours. They will certainly love you back wholeheartedly!
All the best with your new family member!


text:
Q: D3.js not getting y axis values I took a code for a simple bar chart visualisation from this D3.js website example.
The code takes a tsv file and represents frequency of letters with a bar chart.
In my case i am using a csv file and i am trying to represent population over time.
This is how my csv is formatted:
year     population
2005     273750
2006     273750
2007     273750
2008     274000
2009     274000
2010     274000
2011     274000
2012     274000
2013     275231
2014     274949
2015     276294
This is the code i am currently executing:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>

.bar {
  fill: steelblue;
}

.bar:hover {
  fill: brown;
}

.axis--x path {
  display: none;
}

</style>
<svg width="960" height="500"></svg>
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<script>

var svg = d3.select("svg"),
    margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40},
    width = +svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = +svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var x = d3.scaleBand().rangeRound([0, width]).padding(0.1),
    y = d3.scaleLinear().rangeRound([height, 0]);

var g = svg.append("g")
    .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");

d3.csv("data.csv", function(d) {
  d.population = +d.population;
  d.year = +d.year;
  return d;
}, function(error, data) {
  if (error) throw error;

  x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.year; }));
  y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.population; })]);

  g.append("g")
      .attr("class", "axis axis--x")
      .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
      .call(d3.axisBottom(x));

  g.append("g")
      .attr("class", "axis axis--y")
      .call(d3.axisLeft(y))
    .append("text")
      .attr("transform", "rotate(-90)")
      .attr("y", 6)
      .attr("dy", "0.71em")
      .attr("text-anchor", "end")
      .text("Population");

  g.selectAll(".bar")
    .data(data)
    .enter().append("rect")
      .attr("class", "bar")
      .attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.year); })
      .attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.population); })
      .attr("width", x.bandwidth())
      .attr("height", function(d) { return height - y(d.population); });
});

</script>

Note: when trying to test if i am getting the correct values:
      x.domain(data.map(function(d) { console.log(d.year); }));
  y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { console.log(d.population); })]);

I am only getting returned the the population numbers that are different and not each population number per year (even when each some years have the same value).
As a result i am getting this bar-chart that is not displaying the correct population values
Thank you.

A: There's nothing wrong with your code.
The problem is that your data minimum value is 273750, and the maximum value is 276294. This is a 1% variation, so in this scale the difference will be unnoticed.
You need to change your scale domain, try something like:
y.domain([250000, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.population; })]);

This will cause some problems with your y axis, that's why I don't recommend you just to copy and paste the codes, try to go step by step and understand each part of the code.
You can check that your y axis already had a problem. You will need a bigger left margin, try setting to 60: margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 60}.

A: You code is actually displaying the correct population values.
The values in your data are extremely close in value when the data in scaled from 0.
If you place a console.log statement in your code when the y attribute is defined for the rect like so:
.attr("y", function(d) { console.log(d.population, y(d.population)); return y(d.population); })

You get the following values:
273750 4
274000 4
275231 2
274949 2
276294 0

The last number shows where the rectangle will stop in terms if pixels and as you can see there is only a four pixel difference between your min and max population sizes. So there is a difference but it is tiny. To illustrate my point you can add another data point to the csv:
2016,100000

And I got something like this:

So you see it is working. Now if you really want to see the difference you need to change the y.domain to:
  y.domain([d3.min(data, function(d) {return d.population; }), d3.max(data, function(d) {return d.population; })]);

which gives you:

The difference in the data is more clearly visible. But now you have the issue that the data points which have the lowest population value will have no bar. This can be addressed by determining the lowest value in the data and minus a certain value. This value is then set as the domain minimum or you could hard code a value yourself.
Finally, you probably want to increase the left margin to get the full tick values.
margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 50}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Norma Jean Pottenger, 85, formerly of Wabash, Indiana, went home to be with the Lord at 5:25 am, Monday, June 6, 2016 at Peabody Healthcare Center in North Manchester. She was born January 8, 1931 in Wabash, to Charles and Goldie (Hiatt) Durham.
Norma was a 1949 graduate of Wabash High School. She married Everett R. Pottenger in Angola, Indiana, on June 18, 1955; he died June 21, 1975. Norma was a secretary at Wabash Magnetics, Wabash City Schools, and Custom Cartons in Wabash retiring in 1993. She was a long-time member of the Wabash First United Methodist Church. She enjoyed ballroom dancing and playing cards. Norma lived at Peabody Retirement Community since 2008, going from Wabash where she lived most of her life.
She is survived by two daughters, Eileen (Stephan) Gross of Peru, Indiana, and Ann (Greg) Livengood of Fort Wayne, Indiana; four grandchildren, Nichole (Chad) Gardner of Glen Rose, Texas, Angela Gross, Joseph (Rhonda) Gross, and Stephanie Gross, all of Peru; Sara Livengood and Shannon Livengood, both of Fort Wayne; four great-grandchildren, Kaitlin and Jacob Gardner of Glen Rose, Jaylin Morris and Joshua Hall, both of Peru. She was also preceded in death by her parents, and her brother, Rex Durham.
Funeral services will be 2 pm, Wednesday, June 8, 2016 at Grandstaff-Hentgen Funeral Service, 1241 Manchester Avenue, Wabash, with Pastor Sue Babovec officiating. Burial will be in Falls Cemetery, Wabash. Friends may call 12:30 - 2 pm, Wednesday at the funeral home.
Preferred memorial is Visiting Nurse and Hospice Home of Fort Wayne.
The memorial guest book for Norma may be signed at www.grandstaff-hentgen.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Geremi Adam, the movie cammer for the Scene release group 'maVen', will go down in history as a grand master of his art. Despite difficulties in pinning a crime on him, eventually Adam was arrested. According to a cable released by Wikileaks, that arrest was carried out as "a personal favor" to a movie industry official, setting off a tragic chain of events which would ultimately lead to Adams' death.
Between 2004 and mid 2006, the Scene group 'maVen' released some of the best 'Telesync' versions of pirated movies onto the internet including Bourne Supremacy, Collateral, Spongebob Squarepants, Mission Impossible 3 and Superman Returns. Then, at the end of July 2006, 'maVen' releases suddenly stopped.
It transpired that the FBI, at the behest of the MPAA, had been investigating 'maVen' and had labeled him the 'world leader' in movie piracy. They handed their file to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) in April 2006. By September, Geremi Adam was under arrest after 'camming' the movies How to Eat Fried Worms and Invincible. At the time, camming a movie in Canada wasn't an offense so unsurprisingly, Adam was released.
Someone clearly wanted maVen out of action and Adam punished. One month later Adam was arrested again. The arrest triggered a chain of events which would lead to Adam, who had a history of depression, enduring a 14 month wait for any charges to be brought. He went on the run, was detained and eventually sentenced to jail. Adam began using drugs in jail to cope with his imprisonment and shortly after his release he tragicallydied of an overdose.
So who was pulling the strings behind the scenes to ensure that so many resources were spent on chasing Adam who, with his camming, wasn't even committing a crime? Thanks to a US diplomatic cable dated 12th December 2006 and released by Wikileaks this week, we now have the answer.
The cable begins by revealing that having previously reported in March 2006 that 40 to 50% of all pirate movies around the world could be linked to camming in Montreal, by the third quarter of that year the Canadian Motion Picture Distributors Association's (CMPDA) had revised that figure down to 18%.
The cable reported that the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) considered camming to be a low priority issue and doubted the reports of how much damage it was doing to Canadian industry. As a result they preferred to focus their IP-related resources on dealing with serious issues such as counterfeit pharmaceuticals.
The RCMP had encouraged the CMPDA to finance their own civil action to enforce their rights. Although not detailed by name, it is clear that when the cable reported that the individual behind most of Montreal's camming had been arrested twice, there could be little doubt it was referring to Geremi Adam. The RCMP, at this stage, had been clear – Adam would not receive jail time.
According to the cable, proving distribution was the key to a successful prosecution. In end, the fact that Adam's cammed copies appeared online was enough to land him in jail. His initial arrest, however, was prompted by less official means.
"With regard to the arrest of the individual who had been pursued by the CMPDA, RCMP officers stated that they arrested the individual 'as a personal favor' to a CMPDA official, and that they did not view theater camcording as a major issue'," reads the US diplomatic cable.
in camcording via the civil code without needing to engage the RCMP. They acknowledged, however, that a conviction under the civil code would not result in prison time, and would usually involve a relatively small fine," it continues.
"One RCMP officer expressed concern that the RCMP not be seen as 'the enforcement arm of industry', noting that the 'industry comes to [the RCMP] more and more' with requests for action," the cable concludes.


text:
The Free Library > Business and Industry > Business > Claims > July 1, 2000
The Free Library > Business and Industry > Insurance > Claims > July 1, 2000
The Free Library > Date > 2000 > July > 1 > Claims
State Bar Board Approves Policyholder Disclosure Rule.
<a href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/State+Bar+Board+Approves+Policyholder+Disclosure+Rule.-a063786130
MLA style: "State Bar Board Approves Policyholder Disclosure Rule.." The Free Library. 2000 ALM Media, LLC 21 Jan. 2020 https://www.thefreelibrary.com/State+Bar+Board+Approves+Policyholder+Disclosure+Rule.-a063786130
Chicago style: The Free Library. S.v. State Bar Board Approves Policyholder Disclosure Rule.." Retrieved Jan 21 2020 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/State+Bar+Board+Approves+Policyholder+Disclosure+Rule.-a063786130
APA style: State Bar Board Approves Policyholder Disclosure Rule.. (n.d.) >The Free Library. (2014). Retrieved Jan 21 2020 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/State+Bar+Board+Approves+Policyholder+Disclosure+Rule.-a063786130
The Florida Bar's Board of Governors voted unanimously today to approve a Statement of Insured Client's Rights that will be used to provide information to policyholders regarding their rights and the role of insurers when an attorney is hired to defend a claim filed against the policyholder.
The disclosure form, the first to be used in the U.S., is attracting the attention of other states, according to David Bianchi, chairman of the Insurance Practice Special Study Committee, who expects it will serve as a national model.
Members of the Bar's Citizens Forum voiced approval of the disclosure statement, Bianchi continued. "I'm very happy to tell you they loved it," he said. "Two of them had recently been sued in small auto accidents and they said they wished they had had this."
The form has also received the support of the American Insurance Association, which provided input to the IPSSC committee. "Florida thus becomes the first state in the nation to require that policyholders be informed of their rights and responsibilities when they are sued under a liability insurance policy, and their insurance company hires an attorney to defend the claim," according to Stef Zielezienski, AIA's senior counsel. "The board's vote serves to support insurers' goal of providing quality legal representation in these cases."
The National Association of Independent Insurers, based in Downers Grove, Ill., was more guarded in its acceptance. "Even though there are some aspects of the statement that are troublesome, the majority of the industry supports this endeavor and is hopeful that this will prohibit further ethics opinions from being introduced by the Florida Bar," said Kathleen Jensen, IRS Person for the NAII.
The IPSSC was formed in 1999 by the bar's Board of Governors to review insurer litigation management practices in the state. To fulfill its goals, the committee solicited comment from lawyers on issues such as whether insurers' litigation guidelines interfere with an attorney's responsibility to exercise independent professional judgment or create conflicts of interest. The committee also questioned whether insurance carriers disclose to their insureds the respective rights, duties and obligations of the carrier and the insured arising from the insurance contract when litigation is initiated against the insureds.
Following several months of study and information gathering, the committee determined that its primary recommendation was the development of a disclosure statement to give policyholders a better understanding of the relationship among the insurer, defense attorney and insured. As a result, Rule 4-1.8, concerning conflict of interest and prohibited and other transactions, now specifies that the Statement of Insured Client's Rights be provided to the insured at the beginning of legal representation.
"An insurance company has selected a lawyer to defend a lawsuit or claim against you. This Statement of Insured Clients Rights is being given to you to assure that you are aware of your rights regarding your legal representation. This disclosure statement highlights many, but not all, of your rights when your legal representation is being provided by the insurance company."
The document outlines 10 consumer concerns:
* Lawyer selection, information about the lawyer the client has a right to know and the lawyers responsibilities;
* Fees and costs;
* Directing the lawyer, who, under most insurance policies, takes instruction from the insurance company;
* Carrier claim litigation guidelines and how they affect the extent and level of legal services being provided;
* Confidentiality and a lawyer's duty to share with the insurance company information relating to defense or settlement of the claim;
* Conflicts of interest and when the insurance company may be required to provide a new lawyer;
* Settlement and the circumstances requiring client agreement;
* Client risk in the event that the case is lost;
* Circumstances under which a client must hire independent counsel; and
* Reporting violations of the clients' rights to the Florida Bar.
The Statement of Insured Client's Rights and implementing rule will be included in the package of proposed amendments to the Rules Regulating the Florida Bar, which will be presented for approval to the Florida Supreme Court in January 2001.
COPYRIGHT 2000 ALM Media, LLC
Computer-Related Property Damage Defined in Ruling.
Insurers Must Reimburse Policyholders' Legal Fees.


• Richard J. Daley College, 7500 S. Pulaski Rd.
• Harold Washington College, 30 E. Lake St.
• Kennedy-King College, 6301 S. Halsted St.
• Malcom X College, 1900 W. Jackson Blvd.
• Olive-Harvey College, 10001 S. Woodlawn Ave.
• Harry S. Truman College, 1145 W. Wilson Ave.
• Wilbur Wrigth College, 4300 N. Narragansett Ave.
Para más información, llamar a 773-COLLEGE o visitar www.ccc.edu.


By Catherine1642, in 'English to Latin Translation', May 27, 2018.
I was reading Suetonius and for some reason this famous little poem constantly popping up my head (maybe his vocabs are pretty crazy I don't know...) . I tried to translate it to latin but stuck on the second sentence.
Maybe mortuissima mortuissimarum? the most dead of the deadest? Also why is linguam in the accusative?
The problem with the famous little poem is that it does not make sense (just think of the logic of it: it is killing me because it is dead), and if you try to translate nonsense you will get nonsense.
The Latin for 'Latin' as a language is Latīna lingua.
There's no reason to use the imperfect in the fourth line.
The first occīdit is a perfect and the second one is in the present tense. Maybe I should've used interfēcit and interfacit, or necāvit and necat.
It's silly, but so is the phrase "dead as dead can be", or the whole poem for that matter.
It's not classical, really, but that goes without saying. The last two lines are made a little better by the fact that occidit is morphologically ambiguous, it may be either present or past (one to agree with the time of the Romans, the other ours).
How many might be haunted by that timeworn bit of doggerel?
How old might it really be?
It goes back at least to 1909.


While the shrinking skeptic community (and the contrarian climate doomers who think a solar sunspot cycle driven ice age is about to commence) continue to come up with all sorts of random hypotheses about global warming having reversed because of lower temperatures courtesy of the latest la Nina episode, its not making any difference to the disappearing polar ice cap, with AP reporting we could still possibly beak last years record - Arctic sea ice drops to 2nd lowest level on record.
More ominous signs Wednesday have scientists saying that a global warming "tipping point" in the Arctic seems to be happening before their eyes: Sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is at its second lowest level in about 30 years.
The National Snow and Ice Data Center reported that sea ice in the Arctic now covers about 2.03 million square miles. The lowest point since satellite measurements began in 1979 was 1.65 million square miles set last September.
With about three weeks left in the Arctic summer, this year could wind up breaking that previous record, scientists said.
Arctic ice always melts in summer and refreezes in winter. But over the years, more of the ice is lost to the sea with less of it recovered in winter. While ice reflects the sun's heat, the open ocean absorbs more heat and the melting accelerates warming in other parts of the world.
Sea ice also serves as primary habitat for threatened polar bears.
"We could very well be in that quick slide downward in terms of passing a tipping point," said senior scientist Mark Serreze at the data center in Boulder, Colo. "It's tipping now. We're seeing it happen now."
Within "five to less than 10 years," the Arctic could be free of sea ice in the summer, said NASA ice scientist Jay Zwally.


text:
M 28 At Home Doctor Visit Model
July 27, 2019 By Justin Trosclair
M 27 Gen Z Stats
Should you do home doctor visits as your main line of income? Should you take a table and go to their house or go to a business and save the company lost time from doctor appointments? Can you have an RV, what table to get, and ways to boost income?
Episode 28, coming to Straight, from China at home doctor visit model, the Minnesota series from a doctor's perspective podcast coming out on Tuesdays and Saturdays. Today's show is gonna be Chiro business Mojo, the topic of house calls.
Okay, so I'm hoping to have this guest on my show because you got so much good information to give. And like usual, the podcast we listen to was a little bit short. And I think we can do a better job could flush it out, get the goods for all the all about people who wanted to do home Doctor. Work, not fill in work, but go into somebody's house replace a business. So are you going to work on Saturday and Sunday and evenings? I don't want to do it. But if you're just starting, that might be something to consider, because people gonna be working.
if there's like, dude, I just can't get away from work. OK, cool. So you just work more in the evening, or if they're at the house, you just got, you know, go any time of the day. So that's one of the questions I had is how do you I guess, based on somebody else I talked to do you have regions that you would visit. So if you're in a bigger city, you might go to the north, and you just try to schedule people that are only in the north. So no matter what you're just driving like 10 minutes to the next place, you're going to keep going.
One of the things you can do, if you can do this is getting into a business that has employees, whether it's 10 employees or a hundred employees. But if you can do a bunch at one time, it is phenomenal. You might have like a little room, they give you little closet, they come in they you know, they may or may not have set up an appointment, but it's also a benefit to the business owner. Because if they offer they don't offer health insurance, or they don't want their workers to be skipping so much work. Hey, okay, you don't want to drive there, get treated, come back, be back in 90 minutes. Okay. Why don't we just walk across the hall and 20 minutes later be done? Yeah, cool. Productivity baby.
That's the best way to pitch it. Dentist offices have a lot of people banks, as well could be something you kind of want people that have about a 60,000 income. It's kind of gets the go to how many patients should you see a day, can you see a day, anywhere from 6,10, 12 on any of those numbers, I think you'll have a pretty successful business. Because we've got it your overheads going to below the car that you probably already have, which now you can start writing more off of that you still could have a license insurance, and a few other things the home doctor will need.
You find like a portable table, and you probably check your forums and or corporate Facebook group, we've talked about it before, it seems like some tables are cheap, and then they fall apart. Others are like a moderate price as you expect. And they're like the drop pieces and all the things that you would need, but then they're like really heavy, or they take forever to put together. So it's a pain is I'm trying to find that sweet spot between wait for actual portability, fully thulie I believe, do have some fun tables. I did see one I've used the one. And it's supposed to be portable, but man, it's made of wood, it's heavy, I think would be bulky as all get out to try to like put together like 10 times a day. And I think they do have a different more portable model, like a sports model. That'd be more beneficial, but it seems to be a pretty good one. Everybody has an opinion with those. I think they have a like affliction distraction unit that you can attach to it. It looks kind of junky, but at the same time, like they have kind of works. The rest of the table looks really good. Okay, sidetrack there,
one of the questions I do have for him is RV's if you can get an RV or like a fifth wheel. And you can like to bring that somewhere. And then house doctor just kind of go to that building. So if you're at a bunch of doctors offices or businesses, they just come to your RV that's been decked out on the inside too for rehab and adjustments and things. I had thought that wouldn't be a very good idea just because it's like, man, how much do the things cause like $150,000. But apparently, you can get a good deal on used ones. And when you break it down, if you're going to, quote, pay rent somewhere Anyway, now you own it, and these things can last 20 years, and then you can sell it and do it again. Whereas if you're leasing space, you know, you're never going to get that back and you be paying more. But that's an added expense.
And I think you want to have more conversations with those people that are doing that to find out if that's more feasible, but I think it seems like it'd be easier to go into somebody's house and just do that. But on the other hand via the RV, you can still show up at these people's house and then they just come into your RV and then you'd have this gigantic billboard for the neighborhood and they might be like Knock Knock knock. Hey, what are you doing? Can I be part of that?
There are different ways to make your practice more money, more new patients better retention or price and so sometimes you like a man what would have to do, actually just increasing your price by 30% could double your practice. I won't get into the math but if you want to look at that new patient's retention and price, most of the time when you are doing an at home place there's like a travel fee built in. So if a normal price is 55 you might be charging more like 75 to go and these people that are doing it are okay with that because they like the convenience. Something to ponder. Okay, y'all have a great couple of days just went #behindthecurtain
hey, before we get going, if you go to adoctorsperspective.net/asheardon , you can see the half dozen other podcasts that I've been on as a guest. Sure, there's a little overlap based on some of them, but they're not the same. Like especially that it's no secret the in your pants in the PT, those are a different topic than just so Justin Why are you in China? They're really fun.
If you have a story of any sort, reach out to somebody to a podcast that you listen to, or you think, man, I can maybe contribute to something do that. Because I know personally, I don't I probably need to be doing that follow another podcast, saying, hey, and something that I saw before is you could have a PDF, a little paragraph about yourself, if you've been on any other publications, you know, do you have? What's your what's your hook? What would you provide for that podcast? And hopefully you have a couple that way they can say, yeah, you know, two out of the five or interesting for my show, let's do it, let's get you booked. And it gives you a lot more exposure. And like said,
I always tell the guests, and I don't know how many do it sometimes. But if you should have a page of I've been in the media, and then you just put that logo with the link number and then boom, now you got a backlink and more social proof for your audience. I mean, we're not all Fox and CBS. But uh, when you're on a podcast, and you carry some weight, okay, now back to the actual show.
M 01 Pricing Structures and Rates
M 06 Sedation Dentistry


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1651 East 4th Street Suite #139 Santa Ana, CA 92701
Deportation and Removal Defense
Family Petitions
Green Cards
Inadmissible Wavier
Non-Immigration Visas
U.S Work Permits
For most foreigners, one of the ways to immigrate into the U.S. is through sponsorship by a family member. Therefore, it is important for every petitioner or prospective immigrant to ensure that their paperwork is appropriately filled out and submitted. This will help reduce possible delays and confusion. The Orange County Immigration Attorney can assist you in navigating the family-based immigration petition process.
Getting a Relative to America as a Legal Permanent Resident
Both permanent residents and United States citizens with relatives living overseas can sponsor their relatives by filing family petitions to assist their loved ones in acquiring United States immigrant visas that could result in a legal permanent residence or green card. This is done to promote family unity under the Immigration and Nationality Act.
The application process requires much thoroughness, and this is the reason many petitioners hire experienced immigration lawyers. The processing duration depends on factors such as the petitioner's immigration status, the beneficiary's whereabouts, family relationship, beneficiary personal circumstances, and country of origin.
Read on to understand critical aspects of the family petitions. It will help you plan for different requirements as well as maneuver around the timeline.
Eligible Family Members for Immigration
Potential immigrants of family petitions (sponsorship) are grouped into two classifications: immediate relatives and preference relative.
In a layman's language, immediate relative is a close family relation. They include a U.S. citizen's spouse, children below 21 years of age, and parents provided the citizen is above 21 years. An immediate relative has an immediate entitlement to apply for U.S. permanent residence as long as you agree to begin the process on their behalf.
Different from immediate relatives, family members in preference relative classification depend on the yearly allocation of visas. Since more individuals apply annually than the available visas, this results in waiting for a long time, especially in countries with both high numbers of applicants. The waiting period could be reasonably short, while other people could wait for decades. This is because the waiting period is based on the priority date (which is the date when a petitioner first filed a petition intending to sponsor an immigrant).
Family preference has the following categories:
F1 (First preference)
These are your unmarried children, regardless of their age. For the F1 category, the beneficiary should not be married at the time of filing the petition and should remain so until they obtain permanent residency.
F2 (Second Preference)
This classification includes your spouse (regardless of sexual orientation), unmarried children who are above 21 years, and minor children. Children who either widowed or divorcees are well-thought-out unmarried and, therefore, qualify under this category.
Children above twenty-one years of age fall into the 2B sub-category and could wait a bit longer than relatives in F2 in 2A sub-category.
F3 (Third Preference)
These are your married children, your children's spouses, and grandchildren. If the beneficiary gets a peaceful marriage dissolution after waiting for a visa for many years, they qualify for a visa as a first preference.
F4 (Fourth Preference)
This category includes your siblings, their spouses, and their minor children. Adoptive siblings and half-siblings fall in this classification.
A Step-by-step Guide on Filing a Family Petition
Filing Form I-130
The immigration process begins with a petitioner filing Petition for Alien Relative. Also known as Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative is given out by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). You can also download it for free on the USCIS official website.
A key question asked on a Petition for Alien Relative is where the immigrant will attend an immigrant visa interview. It can be at a U.S. embassy in your relative's home country or a United States consulate. If the beneficiary is abroad, they can choose a nearby consulate or embassy that processes visas. Usually, this information is accessible from a consulate website.
Then, file Form I-130 to USCIS Service Center. Remember to submit copies of secondary documents and money orders or checks (unless you paid using a credit card).
After getting the Petition for Alien Relative, USCIS will verify whether the petition is complete and then issue an acknowledgment notice to you and your lawyer. If U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) feels that the presented documents aren't sufficient, you will be sent a Request for Evidence (RFE).
After you meet all the requirements, you will receive a USCIS Approval Notice. The notice will also notify you where your petition has been transferred to.
If USCIS denies your petition, it is brilliant to figure out what could be the reason and if it can be fixed, file another petition.
Transferring the File to the National Visa Center (NVC)
If the beneficiary is an immediate relative, the National Visa Center will send you additional paperwork. Usually, the paperwork request proof of financial ability to sponsor the immigrant (Form I-864). Then forward your case to the suitable U.S. consulate in the beneficiary home country.
A preference relative does not qualify for a green card straight away. This is because only a limited number of green cards are available annually, and supply does not meet the high demand. The waiting is determined by years. A priority date secures the beneficiary's place on the waiting list.
Consular Processing
In case the visa becomes available since the immigrant's priority date became current or is instantly available, the National Visa Center should begin processing your case. The NVC will also issue several instructions and forms to the beneficiary.
At this stage, every immigrant should submit an updated Form I-864 alongside supporting documents (Affidavit of Support) and payment of related levies. You will also be asked to fill Online Immigrant Visa Application and Alien Registration Application (DS-260).
After all necessary documents, fees, and security checks have been paid or completed; the National Visa Center will forward your case to a consular office overseas that was specified on the Petition for Alien Relative. The immigrant will then undergo police clearance, biometrics (fingerprinting), and medical examination.
Personal Interview With a U.S. Consulate Official
This step involves attending an interview at a consular office. The beneficiary should carry with them copies of every document submitted earlier, not forgetting proof (original) of your family relationship.
If your spouse petitioned you, be ready to answer questions about your affiliation with the petitioner. This is done to check whether you and your spouse intended from the beginning to establish a life together as husband and wife (bona fides). Further questions asked will be used to determine if the alien has previous criminal and health issues (admissible).
Assuming all goes well, the immigrant visa is granted. The consular officer will give you an envelope that contains all visa documents. Only the official at the United States port of entry should open the envelope. The consular officer will make notes on the beneficiary's passport with details of the immigrant date of approval and status.
The United States embassy will give a passport stamp a couple of weeks after your visa interview.
Reaching the U.S. Port of Entry
This is the last step for all overseas immigrants. Even though the United States embassy has previously issued you a visa, this interview will be with a Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agent at the border.
The CBP agent should determine whether you indeed qualify to enter the U.S. The agent will ask you questions concerning your prior immigration offenses, severe illness, and conviction. Consequently, it is wise to be cautious when answering these questions as well as have an attorney by your side.
Obtaining a Green Card
Form I-551 will be mailed to you within a few weeks after reaching the U.S.
Contact Us Today for Immediate Assistance!
More Information on Form I-130 Petition
Form I-130 is the application used to file a family immigrant visa petition. With different aspects of United States immigration, there are several easily missed out details about the Petition for Alien Relative that may break or make your application. Below are vital issues to note.
Are There any Other Forms That You Should File?
Petition for Alien Relative is just the initial step of sponsoring a relative process. Even after immigration officials have approved your petition, the approval itself neither does put heads together nor rights to work and live in the U.S. In other words, the immigration office is made aware of your family relationship. Additionally, it means you should file a different Form I-130 petition for every eligible relative you plan to sponsor.
Necessary Documents You Need to Submit
There is no one answer to the question of what documents you should submit. This is because situations and categories of relationships that meet permanent resident sponsorship requirements vary a lot. Here are practical tips to note when gathering a Petition for Alien Relative materials:
Proof that you are a U.S. Petitioner
Proving that you're a legal resident or a United States citizen is a significant element you should prove when filing a family petition. Because of the immigration changes made, the criteria for verifying your status is more complicated than it sounds.
If you're a permanent U.S. resident filing a petition for your relative, you should submit a photocopy of Form I-551 Permanent Resident Card (both front and back). You can also present copies of Form I-797 approval notice of permanent residence, immigrant visa stamp, and your passport.
If you're a United States citizen, you should show copies of an American passport, naturalization certificate or birth certificate. However, if you don't have a binding passport or birth certificate, the immigration officers will accept secondary evidence. You will be required to call the Department of Health in the territory or state where you were born and ask for a Letter of No Record alongside birth documents like census records, school records, or baptismal certificate.
With all said and done, you need to give America's immigration officers credible and clear proof of your permanent residence or citizenship. If you have any questions, be sure to contact a knowledgeable attorney.
Proof of Eligible Relationship to a Prospective Beneficiary
Showing that you have an eligible relationship with your relative whom you intend to sponsor is also very important. The fact that the law qualifies different relationships it is not possible to concretely highlight all the required documents, but below are vital tips:
Make a Proper Paper Trail
A petitioner should issue the immigration officers with a simple paper trail to track so that they understand that both you and the beneficiary are without a doubt related. For instance, if a petitioner intends to sponsor their sister or brother, they can submit copies such as their birth certificate, their sibling's birth certificate, and their parents' marriage certificate.
Submit Official Copies
Make sure you submit certificates that are certified and government-issued. Birth certificates must be in the long-form format (the certificate should include the place of birth and the names of both birth parents).
Avoid the Language Barrier
Assume the immigration officers can't understand any other language apart from English. You can get certified English document translation from a range of firms in the United States that offer translation services.
Check whether your nation is known for being not capable of offering sufficient records
The United States government knows that several countries don't have complete or existing family record keeping. As a result, the U.S. Department of State gives guidance to the citizens of such countries.
Form I-864
One of your responsibilities as a petitioner is an assurance to the government and the immigrating beneficiary that you will support the beneficiary financially if need be. So, if you're helping a relative acquire permanent residency, you should file Form I-864 to meet the financial promise in question.
How Long Should One Wait for the Priority Date?
If you're an immigrant applying for a family green card, you could wait longer. The exact duration depends on which category your relative is sponsoring you in, demand and supply in the category and per-country visa limits. You can check the progress of individuals who have applied before every month. This section will assist you in understanding the concept of waiting as well as how to handle it.
How Immigrant Visas are Allocated Each Year
Every year, the American government allocates a given number of visas in every preference category. The U.S. government follows a fiscal year that begins and ends in October. A prospective immigrant could be affected if the immigrant visas for their preference category run out before October. That means they've no opportunity of progressing on the visa waiting list till the new year starts.
At this time, the total universal numbers for family-based visa allotment are:
F1- 23,400, not forgetting any immigrant visa that isn't used for F4
F2- 11,400 (77% go to category 2A while 23% goes to 2B)
F3- 23,400 plus any visa that isn't used for F1 and F2
F4- 65,000 and any other visa not used for F1, F2, and F3.
This could look like very many visas, but more people apply for visas every year than the available number. Typically, the U.S. government issues visa numbers every month to ensure it does not exceed the yearly limit. Also, the number of immigrant visas permitted for every country is limited. The percentage of total immigrant visa numbers that goes to any country is seven percent or less.
It is worth noting that an understanding of the above limits won't assist you in reducing the waiting time. This is because there are many complications to the numbers and allocation of visas. The only significant thing to be familiar with is charting your position on the waiting list.
How to Chart your Position on the Waiting List
Typically, the State Department issues a visa bulletin every month with details about the visa waiting period. Although the bulletin comes out around mid-month, it is not on a particular date.
Visit the official state government website to access the up-to-date bulletin. You will find 2 Family Preference charts with "Date of Filing'' and "Application Final Action Dates''. Here is how to make your way through the charts:
Locate your category in the left column
Find your country on the top. Usually, India, Mexico, Philippines, and China have their column since there are many people interested in migrating to America. All other nations are found in the second column.
Make a line across your category and another from your home country. Where the two lines meet is called cutoff date (the date you will equate with your priority date to chart the progress).
Every immigrant has a priority date. You should get the priority date on the paperwork from USCIS. Prospective immigrants with priority dates that are before the cutoff date in the current month's chart qualify for visa application.
If a beneficiary's priority date is earlier, it means they will get their visa earlier than other applicants. However, the present-day cutoff date does not tell how long you will wait before your visa is available. Instead, it just gives an applicant a clue. If an applicant takes away the cutoff date on the latest Visa Bulletin chart from today's date, they should be able to tell how long prior immigrants waited.
One of the odd things you will notice with monthly Visa Bulletin chart is that sometimes the U.S. government gets overwhelmed by the applications and cutoff dates fail to move for months while the immigration is handling the backlog.
You might also notice a box with the letter U or C in place of the date. A letter "U" means all the available visas for that given year has already been used. Whereas the letter "C" means current and there are a lot of available visas in that preference category and no immigrant will wait.
What Happens When You Change your Address?
If the prospective immigrant or the petitioner changes their address, they need to contact the NVC. They can tell the National Visa Center of their current address online using NVC public inquiry form.
What Should You Do Once the Priority Date is Current?
At some point, you will notice the letter "C" on the Dates for Filing on Bulletin chart or see a later date. That means it will be time to start processing your green card.
Do not wait for the U.S. government to contact you once you notice the priority date became current. If you are currently abroad and fail to hear from the government within a couple of days, call the National Visa Center and inquire about the way forward.
If you're already in America and qualify to apply for a green card, you do not have to wait for an invitation. Instead, submit an adjustment of status application to the USCIS.
If the petitioner did not inform USCIS on the Petition for Alien Relative that you will be changing status, you need to contact the National Visa Center and tell them that you are in America and will adjust status. Then the NVC will send the file to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.
What Happens if You Fail to Notice a Current Priority Date?
There are instances when people fail to track the Visa Bulletin. Hence, their priority date becomes current without them realizing it. Sometimes the National Visa Center could have tried to inform them but using the previous address, or maybe the NVC did not monitor an applicant's file.
Fortunately, you have a year after the priority date is current to look for a visa. If you don't, the U.S. government will assume that you have abandoned it and will issue the next immigrant in line, your visa number.
You could have a hard time regaining your visa number if the U.S. government didn't contact you. Thus, we advise you to monitor your priority date.
Find a Reliable Immigration Attorney Near Me
As discussed above, the family-based immigration visa process can be overwhelming, given the documents and requirements that should be submitted to USCIS. The best way to be sure that the necessary legal requirements are met without delay, and the process runs smoothly, is by hiring a competent immigration lawyer. For many years, lawyers at Orange County Immigration Attorney have worked closely with clients and offered legal representation that meets the family's immigration needs. Call us today at 714-909-0426 to get answers to all your family petitions.
Orange County Immigration Attorney
1651 East 4th Street Suite #139
*Based Upon Google, Yelp, and Avvo Reviews


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[Review] Umbrella Entertainment Revisits Montclare With 'Next Of Kin' On Blu-ray
Over the past few months of reviewing Blu-rays and DVDs for Umbrella Entertainment, I've learned that Australians make some damn fine cinema and Umbrella's recent release of Tony Williams' Next of Kin further convinces me of this. I had never seen the film before acquiring this Blu-ray and I walk away from viewing it insanely impressed!
Following the death of her mother, Linda Stevens (Jacki Kerin) inherits the family's estate of Montclare, a mansion that her mother and "missing" aunt had turned into a rest home for the elderly. The estate has since been under the care of Connie (Gerda Nicolson) and the family doctor Dr. Barton (Alex Scott). Linda begins settling in and starts reconnecting with childhood friends, including firefighter Barney (John Jarratt) and Montclare's former gardener Lance (Charles McCallum). who's since become a resident of the home. When a resident is found dead in his bath, she begins experiencing nightmares of the past. Deciding to delve into her mother's diaries and patient records for answers to unexplained occurrences, Linda begins to unravel the houses very dark secrets and unknowingly putting herself in danger.
I'm usually not a fan of "slow burn" films but Next of Kin is very unique in that if feels like what would happen if Dario Argento had made The Shining. Extremely moody, aesthetically pleasing and bursting at the seams with atmosphere. I can now see why Quentin Tarantino heaped praise upon the film. Next of Kin isn't without its flaws, the script does feel a little underdeveloped and there are some strange gaps in the story, but nothing that truly compromises the viewing experience. I must say, Next of Kin is a masterpiece in terms of cinematography, featuring roving Steadicam, swooping crane shots, and fine use of the "Hitchcock zoom." There's nothing more satisfying than a gorgeously shot film and Klaus Schulze's (Tangerine Dream) score is perfectly paired with the striking visuals.
Umbrella Entertainment's new Blu-ray release further exemplifies the visuals, boasting a stunning new 4K transfer from the original 35mm interpositive that's virtually spotless. You'll notice one or two white spots here and there, as well as some definition loss during slow motion sequences, but for a film that's over 35 years old, this is a very small issue. Colors are rich and blacks deep, I can guarantee that this is the best the film has ever looked. In terms of audio options, we're given the original mono mix in DTS-HD Master Audio 2.0 and a 5.1 DTS-HD Master Audio remix that works wonders with the score offscreen sound effects.
The release comes packed with bonus features, including a pair of audio commentary tracks. One featuring director Tony Willams and producer Tim White and the other features features cast members John Jarratt, Jackie Kerin, and Robert Ratti, the track is moderated by Not Quite Hollywood director Mark Hartley. Both of these commentates offer deep insight into the film, even revealing that the film was originally planned as a horror comedy! "Return to Montclare" revisits the film's then and now locations, featuring stunning contemporary videography that mirrors the original filming style. There's a pair of extended interviews from Not Quite Hollywood, one with Williams and the other with Jarratt. We're giving two short films from Williams, Getting Together and The Day We Landed On The Most Perfect Planet In The Universe, both created for the 1971 documentary series, "Survey." There's included ballroom footage that reveals footage seen on a television in the film was actually filmed by Williams in 1978. Trailers, deleted scenes, and a photo gallery round out the special features.
Next of Kin is a perfect accumulation of slow building terror, full of thick atmosphere, stunning visuals, a killer score, and great performances from the cast. If you're a fan of Ozploitation cinema, this release from Umbrella is a must-own. If you have no idea what Ozploitation is, it's still a highly recommended purchase!
Order Next of Kin today!
NEXT OF KIN
UMBRELLA ENTERTAINMENT


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Johnny Cash was a prolific writer, and not just of songs. Some of the icon's unreleased poems and letters will see the light of day thanks to a new album, Johnny Cash: Forever Words.
Cash's son, John Carter Cash, and Steve Berkowitz served as producers for the project, talk of which began circulating last year. The group sifted through many of the country legend's handwritten letters, poems and documents penned throughout his lifetime. They then reached out to several artists inspired by the late singer to reinterpret what they found.
"Determining the artist for each song was truly a matter of the heart," Carter Cash says in a statement. "I picked the artists who are most connected with my father, who had a personal story that was connected with Dad. It became an exciting endeavor to go through these works, to put them together and present them to different people who could finish them in a way that I believed that Dad would have wanted."
Artists featured on the project include Kris Kristofferson, Willie Nelson, Brad Paisley, Ruston Kelly, Kacey Musgraves, and Alison Krauss, among others. The album was appropriately recorded at the Cash Cabin Studio in Hendersonville, Tenn., and serves as the musical companion to "Forever Words: The Unknown Poems," a volume of Cash's unpublished writing.
The album will be available on April 6.


This week, our jam session will celebrate friendships: from first meetings, to fights, to crossing the line into best friendship!
The tunes we'll be jammin' to this week come courtesy of artists such as Certain selections come from films such as Mame (1974), Aladdin (1992), and Muppets Most Wanted (2014), TV shows such as Crazy Ex-Girlfriend, Galavant, I Love Lucy, and The Golden Girls, and Broadway shows such as Wicked: The Untold Story of the Witches of Oz and Shrek! Check out the categories and tags below for more!


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The easiest and likely least expensive option is to get some new throw pillows. Throw pillows have the power to transform the ambiance in almost unlimited ways. You can play with pattern, shape, size and material. If you currently have something neutral or dark go for bright and bold; if you've got a floral pattern try something geometric; and if you have a material that's rough opt instead for something soft. Throw pillows come in every imaginable style so there's no limit to what you can do.
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Borderline gunman stabbed one victim and fired more than 50 rounds into crowd, officials reveal
Authorities said the motive behind the mass shooting at the Borderline Bar and Grill in Thousand Oaks remains unknown.
By Richard Winton,
Hannah Fry
Nov. 27, 2018 12:40 PM PT
A former U.S. Marine machine gunner who opened fire inside a packed Thousand Oaks bar this month stabbed one of his victims in the neck during the rampage that left 12 people dead, authorities revealed Tuesday.
The Borderline Bar and Grill was hosting line-dancing lessons for college students as young as 18 on Nov. 7 when the crack of gunfire echoed through the business about 11:20 p.m. Authorities said Ian David Long, 28, was armed with a folding knife and a .45-caliber Glock handgun with a laser sight attached.
Long immediately tossed smoke bombs and fired two of his seven high-capacity magazines that packed 30 shots each into the crowd as patrons tried to escape, said Ventura County Sheriff Bill Ayub. He and other officials provided the most detailed account of the incident yet at a news conference Tuesday.
"This was a terrifying experience for everyone involved," Ayub said. "Confusion and chaos can only begin to adequately describe the situation."
Ventura County Sheriff's Sgt. Ron Helus and a California Highway Patrol officer were the first people to run into the bar, minutes after the first 911 call. Long, who was set up in a tactical position to prepare for responding officers, immediately ambushed them.
They exchanged gunfire, and Helus was shot multiple times. Neither the sergeant nor the officer struck Long. The CHP officer dragged Helus out of the building and away from the line of fire.
Long later was found inside the bar with a single gunshot wound to the head. An autopsy determined he had shot himself, authorities said.
Ayub said confusion abounded after bar-goers gave different descriptions of the suspect, leading law enforcement to fear there was more than one shooter. Their concerns peaked when some of the survivors ran into a nearby bar to call 911, leading authorities to think that multiple attacks might be unfolding at different locations.
Crosses bear the names of the victims of the Borderline shooting at the growing memorial at Moorpark Road and West Rolling Oaks Drive in Thousand Oaks near the Borderline Bar & Grill.
(Al Seib / Los Angeles Times)
Ventura County Medical Examiner Christopher Young said 12 people who were struck by gunfire at close range died quickly. Only one person who was shot survived.
Authorities said one of the shooting victims also had been stabbed in the neck. Officials declined to elaborate on the injury or whether the person could have been trying to disarm Long.
"I will tell you there were some pretty heroic people in there," Ventura County Sheriff's Capt. Garo Kuredjian said.
Authorities have yet to determine a motive and are exploring all possibilities. Long did not have any connections to terrorist organizations, Assistant FBI Director Paul Delacourt said.
"We have no indication of radicalization," he said. "We have continued to look for any motive. Incidents like this test not only the community at large, but the law enforcement community. There's no light between us … when it comes to a crisis incident like this."
Delacourt said Long previously had gone to Borderline as a customer but did not have ties or conflicts with anyone there. Authorities on Tuesday dispelled a previous theory that Long believed a former girlfriend was at the bar when he opened fire. Officials said there was no evidence to support that claim.
Ventura County Sheriff Bill Ayub, right, with Ventura District Attorney Gregory Totten, Ventura County Chief Medical Examiner Dr. Christopher Young and Paul Delacourt, assistant director in charge of the FBI's Los Angeles Field Office, at the Borderline shooting press conference.
Police said Long had no criminal record. However, yelling and loud banging noises coming from the home Long shared with his mother prompted a neighbor to call authorities in April.
Deputies responded, and a mental health specialist who assessed Long worried he might be suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder but found no grounds to hospitalize him. Authorities said he had been fighting with his mother about money.
Long joined the military after graduating high school and spent seven months overseas in Afghanistan in Operation Enduring Freedom.
Dominique Colell, who coached girls track and field at the high school where Long was a sprinter, remembers an angry young man who could be verbally and physically combative.
In one instance, Colell said Long used his fingers to mimic shooting her in the back of the head as she talked to another athlete. In another, he grabbed her rear and midsection after she refused to return a cellphone he said was his.
"I literally feared for myself around him," Colell told the Associated Press. "He was the only athlete that I was scared of."
Susan Orfanos, the mother of Borderline shooting victim Telemachus Orfanos, hugs Ventura County Sheriff's Sergeant Eric Buschow, left, with 22-year-old son Tymaeus and husband Marc Orfanos, following the Ventura County Sheriff's Borderline shooting press conference.
richard.winton@latimes.com
Twitter: @LAcrimes
hannah.fry@latimes.com
Twitter: @Hannahnfry
Richard Winton
Richard Winton is an investigative crime writer for the Los Angeles Times and part of the team that won the Pulitzer Prize for public service in 2011. Known as @lacrimes on Twitter, during almost 30 years at The Times he also has been part of the breaking news staff that won Pulitzers in 1998, 2004 and 2016.
Hannah Fry is a Metro reporter covering Orange County for the Los Angeles Times. She joined the newspaper in 2013 as a reporter for the Daily Pilot, a Times Community News publication. Fry most recently covered breaking news for The Times and was part of the team that was a 2020 Pulitzer finalist for its coverage of a boat fire that killed 34 people off the coast of Santa Barbara. She grew up in Orange County and got her start as an intern at the Orange County Register.
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