text:
Determination of Unicode Points from Glyph Elements
Systems, methods, and/or techniques ("tools") for determining Unicode points from glyph elements are provided. The tools may receive indications of commands that relate to text containing glyphs. Responding to the commands, the tools may convert the glyphs to corresponding Unicode representations. The tools may also provide glyph substitution tables that include Unicode fields for storing Unicode representations of characters, along with first and second glyph fields for storing glyphs of the characters. The glyph substitution tables may include links pointing from the second glyph fields to the first glyph fields, and may also include links pointing from the first glyph fields to the Unicode fields. Finally, the tools may provide character mapping tables that include Unicode fields for storing Unicode representations of characters. The character mapping tables may also include glyph fields for storing glyphs of the characters, and may include links pointing from the glyph fields to the Unicode fields.
Gurcan, Ahmet (Mercer Island, WA, US)
Leese, Eric (Seattle, WA, US)
Sedky, Khaled (Sammamish, WA, US)
Kerr, Clifton (Edmonds, WA, US)
Microsoft Corporation (Redmond, WA, US)
G06T11/00
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AMINI, JAVID A
LEE & HAYES, P.C. (SPOKANE, WA, US)
1. A machine-readable storage medium comprising machine-readable instructions that, when executed by the machine, cause the machine to perform a method comprising: receiving an indication of at least one command relating to text that contains at least one glyph; and converting the glyph to at least one corresponding Unicode representation in response to the command.
2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for converting the glyph include instructions for reverse mapping the glyph through a character mapping table.
3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for converting the glyph include instructions for searching a character mapping table using the glyph as input, and for obtaining the Unicode representation of the input glyph.
4. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for converting the glyph include instructions for reverse mapping the glyph through a glyph substitution table.
5. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for converting the glyph include instructions for searching a glyph substitution table using the glyph as input, and for obtaining the Unicode representation of the input glyph.
6. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for converting the glyph include instructions for decoupling a ligature into at a plurality of further glyphs, and for obtaining Unicode representations of the further glyphs.
7. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command include instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command related to searching within text displayed to a user.
8. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command include instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command related to converting text to synthesized speech.
9. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command include instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command related to editing text displayed to a user.
10. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command include instructions for receiving an indication of at least one command related to printing text displayed to a user.
11. A device driver implementing the computer-readable instructions of claim 1.
12. The device driver of claim 11, wherein the device driver is associating with a device for displaying text.
13. The device driver of claim 11, wherein the device driver is associating with a device for printing text.
14. The device driver of claim 1, further comprising instructions for identifying runs of at least two glyphs that have at least one same attribute.
15. The device driver of claim 1, further comprising instructions for performing the command on the Unicode representation of the glyph.
16. The device driver of claim 15, further comprising instructions for creating at least one further glyph element for the Unicode representation of the glyph after performing the command.
17. A character mapping table comprising: at least one Unicode field for storing a Unicode representation of a character; at least one glyph field for storing a glyph of the character; and at least one link pointing from the glyph field to the Unicode field.
18. The character mapping table of claim 17, further comprising: at least a further Unicode field for storing a Unicode representation of at least a further character; at least a further glyph field for storing a glyph of the further character; and at least a further link pointing from the further glyph field to the further Unicode field.
19. A glyph substitution table comprising: at least one Unicode field for storing a Unicode representation of a character; at least one glyph field for storing a glyph of the character; at least a second glyph field for storing a second glyph of the character; at least one link pointing from the second glyph field to the glyph field; and at least one link pointing from the glyph field to the Unicode field.
20. The glyph substitution table of claim 19, further comprising: at least a further Unicode field for storing a Unicode representation of a further character; at least a further glyph field for storing a glyph of the further character; at least a second further glyph field for storing a second glyph of the further character; at least one link pointing from the second further glyph field to the further glyph field; and at least one link pointing from the further glyph field to the Unicode field.
Digital documents continue to proliferate, and users continue to demand the ability to display these documents on a variety of different devices. Additionally, these users are demanding the ability to perform a variety of functions on these digital documents.
In many instances, when digital documents are displayed on devices or printed from devices, display or printing applications may call device drivers to display or print the documents. When the display or printing applications call these device drivers, the applications may pass only glyph representations of text to the device drivers, or may pass indices to such glyph representations.
Glyphs or glyph indices relate to visible aspects of characters, for example, the shapes or outlines of the character. However, do not convey meaning associated with the characters. Thus, the glyphs are not interactive, and do not enable the device drivers to perform operations in which the meaning of the characters, as distinguished from the mere appearance of the characters, is relevant.
Systems, methods, and/or techniques ("tools") that relate to determining Unicode points from glyph elements are described herein. Systems, methods, and/or techniques ("tools") for determining Unicode points from glyph elements are provided. The tools may receive indications of commands that relate to text containing glyphs. Responding to the commands, the tools may convert the glyphs to corresponding Unicode representations. The tools may also provide glyph substitution tables that include Unicode fields for storing Unicode representations of characters, along with first and second glyph fields for storing glyphs of the characters. The glyph substitution tables may include links pointing from the second glyph fields to the first glyph fields, and may also include links pointing from the first glyph fields to the Unicode fields. Finally, the tools may provide character mapping tables that include Unicode fields for storing Unicode representations of characters. The character mapping tables may also include glyph fields for storing glyphs of the characters, and may include links pointing from the glyph fields to the Unicode fields.
This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. The term "tools," for instance, may refer to system(s), method(s), computer-readable instructions, and/or technique(s) as permitted by the context above and throughout the document.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS
Tools related to determining Unicode points from glyph elements are described in connection with the following drawing figures. The same numbers are used throughout the disclosure and figures to reference like components and features. The first digit in a reference number indicates the drawing figure in which that reference number is introduced.
FIG. 1 is a combined block and flow diagram of operating environments suitable for implementing tools for determining Unicode points from glyph elements.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating examples of various commands to which the tools for determining Unicode points from glyph elements may respond.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of example data structures for a font file, depicting a character mapping (CMAP) table and a glyph substitution (GSUB) table, suitable for determining Unicode points from glyph elements.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of example data structures for the GSUB table, suitable for determining Unicode points from glyph elements.
FIG. 5 is a combined process and data flow diagram of overall processes for determining Unicode points from glyph elements.
FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating further details relating to determining Unicode points from glyph elements.
The following document describes tools capable of performing and/or supporting many techniques and processes. The following discussion describes exemplary ways in which the tools provide for determining Unicode points from glyph elements. This discussion also describes other techniques and/or processes that may be performed by the tools.
FIG. 1 illustrates an operating environment 100 suitable for implementing tools for determining Unicode points from glyph elements. The operating environment 100 may include one or more devices 102, examples of which may include smart phones and/or personal digital assistants (PDAs) 102a, mobile wireless devices 102b, desktop or laptop computing systems 103c, servers 102n, or the like. It is understood that implementations of the operating environment may include any number of different types of devices 102, although FIG. 1 shows several examples of such devices only for convenience of illustration.
In general, the devices 102 may be computer-based systems that include one or more processor(s) 104 and one or more instances of computer-readable storage media 106. The computer-readable media may contain instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform any of the tools or related functions as described herein. The processor may be configured to access and/or execute the instructions embedded or encoded onto the computer-readable media. The processor may also be categorized or characterized as having a given architecture.
The computer-readable media 106 may include one or more software components 108 that may perform the various functions described herein relating to determining Unicode points from glyph elements. FIG. 1 shows one instance of the software component 108 for convenience only, but these components 108 may be implemented as one or more separate modules.
In possible implementations, this software component 108 may be a device driver associated with, for example, a display device 110 with which a user 112 may interact. For example, the display device 110 may present content to the user 112; with this content including at least some textual subject matter with which the user may interact. FIG. 1 represents this user interaction generally at 114. The user may issue various commends relating to this text, represented generally at 116, which are received and processed by the processor 104. FIG. 1 denotes responses to these commands 116 generally at 118. The display device 110 may include, for example, a display monitor 120, a printer or other multi-function device 122, or the like. The commands 116 and responses 118 are detailed further below in FIG. 2.
The textual content presented to the display device 110 may be stored in a data store 124. The dashed line 126 generally represents this textual content as presented on the display device 110. FIG. 1 shows one data store 124 for convenience only, but the text content may be housed in one or more data stores 124. The data stores may present the text to the display device as one or more glyph elements, which are represented generally at 128. Glyph elements 128 may include bitmaps or other similar graphical descriptions or representations of text characters. This descriptions or representations may express the shapes or outlines of the text 126 as displayed on the devices 110. When the text 126 is printed, for example, the glyphs 128 indicate to the ink nozzles of the printer which areas to fill with ink to print individual characters.
In different operational scenarios, the display device 110 may receive the glyphs 128 themselves. In other scenarios the display device may receive indices or pointers that reference the glyphs 128.
The commands 116 from the user may reference one or more portions of the displayed text 126. However, these commands may not operate appropriately, given the glyph representations 128. For example, a copy-and-paste command may not function as expected if the command receives a glyph as input. However, these commands may function as expected if they receive, for example, Unicode representations of the text 126. The Unicode Consortium has promulgated the Unicode Standard, which assigns a unique numerical identifier to any letter or character appearing in any natural language on any computing platform.
If the processor 104 receives the command 116 that would not function as expected on the glyphs 128, then the processor may pass the glyphs to the device driver 108, with a request that the device driver 108 convert the glyphs to corresponding Unicode representations or points. The glyphs as input to the device driver are denoted at 130, and the corresponding Unicode points output from the device driver are denoted at 132.
To convert the glyphs 128 to corresponding Unicode points, the device driver 108 may include a Unicode derivation component 134, which may be implemented as one or more software modules or sub-modules. The Unicode derivation component 134 may receive as input one or more glyphs or glyph indices, denoted generally at 130A, and may produce as output one or more Unicode points, denoted generally at 132A.
The glyphs 130 and 130A may be similar or possible identical to one another, but are denoted separately to indicate that the device driver 108 may, in some instances, pre-process the glyphs 130 in some manner before passing them to the Unicode derivation component 134 as glyphs 130A. Likewise, the Unicode points 132 and 132A may be similar or possible identical to one another, but are denoted separately to indicate that the device driver 108 may, in some instances, post-process the Unicode points 132A in some manner before passing them to the processor 104 as Unicode points 132.
Having received the Unicode points 132 that correspond to the portions of the text 126 affected by the commands 116, the processor 104 (or software executing on the processor) may execute the commands 116 on the Unicode points 132, and produce the response 118. The processor 104 may provide this response 118 to the display device 110, for presentation to the user.
In some instances, the processor 104 may store the Unicode points 132 that correspond to the glyphs 128 for later reference. For example, the processor 104 may store the Unicode points in the data store 124, or any other suitable storage structure. In some instances, the Unicode points may be stored in one or more XML files. FIG. 1 generally denotes the Unicode points as stored at 136.
Having described the operating environment 100 in FIG. 1, the discussion now turns to a more detailed description of several non-limiting examples of the commands 116, now presented with FIG. 2.
FIG. 2 illustrates examples 200 of various commands 116 to which the tools for determining Unicode points from glyph elements may respond. As described above in FIG. 1, one or more interactions 114 may occur between the user 112 and the display device 110. These interactions 114 may include one or more commands 116 from the user, and corresponding responses 118. These commands, in general, may not provide expected results when executed against the glyphs or glyph indices (e.g., 128), but may operate as expected against Unicode representations of text (e.g., 132). FIG. 1 shows an example of displayed text at 126.
As indicated in FIG. 2, these commands 116 may include a search command, represented generally at 202. The search command 202 may not function correctly, if run against a set of text characters represented only by glyphs or glyph indices. As described previously, the glyphs are images or bitmaps that convey only the shape of the characters, but do not convey what the characters mean. However, the search command 202 may operate as expected if run against the Unicode representations of the text.
Block 204 represents cut commands and/or copy commands issued by the user. These cut and/or copy commands may or may not be combined with paste commands. In any event, these commands may be used to identify representations of one or more text characters, such as the Unicode representations of the characters, appearing in a document, and possibly re-insert the text characters elsewhere in the document. The cut/copy/paste of text as shown in block 204 is distinguished from cutting, copying, and/or pasting images within the document, more specifically, images of text.
Block 206 represents commands issued by the user to convert text, to speech. For example, the user may be visually impaired, or otherwise not able to read text appearing on a display monitor (e.g., 120 in FIG. 1). Thus, the device with which the user is interacting (e.g., 102A-102N in FIG. 1) may include a text-to-speech (TTS) component that processes input text, and synthesizes speech that audibly expresses the text so that the user may hear it. Such TTS components may not be able to process glyphs or glyph indices, but instead may process, for example, Unicode representations of the text.
Blocks 208, 210, and 212 represent various printing operations that may be performed on the displayed text. For example, block 208 represents printing or displaying the text on a screen (e.g., 120 in FIG. 1). Block 210 represents printing the text to a file (e.g., 124 in FIG. 1) for storage, or may represent storing a printable version of the text to the file. Block 212 represents printing a hardcopy of the text on a printer or a multifunction device (e.g., 122 in FIG. 1). In connection with any of the foregoing operations, whether or not related to printing, the displayed text may be formatted or re-formatted during processing. For example, the user may select a portion of text that is displayed on the device, and enter a command to alter an attribute of that text (e.g., bolding or un-bolding). To respond effectively to such commands, the devices may convert glyph representations of the selected text to Unicode points, as detailed further herein. For example, given only a glyph representation of selected text, the device may not be able to bold or un-bold the selected text.
Having described the above examples of commands that may trigger conversion of the glyphs or glyph indices to Unicode representations of text, the discussion now proceeds to a description of font files that may be used by the Unicode derivation component 134, now presented with FIG. 3.
FIG. 3 illustrates example data structures 300 for one or more font files 302. FIG. 3 depicts a character mapping (CMAP) table 304 and a glyph substitution (GSUB) table 306. For example, one or more software modules, such as the Unicode derivation component 134, may access and use the font files 302 and related CMAP table 304 and GSUB table 306 to determine or derive Unicode points from glyph elements.
Turning to the CMAP table 304 in more detail, this table maps instances of given Unicode representations of displayable characters to corresponding glyph representations of those displayable characters. Examples of the Unicode points are shown at 308A and 308N (collectively, Unicode points 308), while examples of the glyph representations are shown at 310A and 310N (collectively, Unicode points 310).
The CMAP tables 304 operate within the context of the font that is defined by the font file 302. Put differently, the Unicode points 308 identify the various characters supported by the font file 302, while the glyph representations 310 indicate the shapes or outlines of those characters as they would be rendered or displayed under the given font.
The CMAP tables 304 may map the Unicode points 308 to corresponding glyphs 310, as represented by the arrows 312A and 312N. As such, the CMAP tables may be organized for searching and access using the Unicode points as input keys. Additionally, the CMAP tables 304 may map the glyphs 310 back to corresponding Unicode points, as indicated by the arrows 314A and 314N. In these latter scenarios, the CMAP tables 304 may facilitate a form of reverse look-up, in which the Unicode derivation component 134 may locate the Unicode 308 that corresponds to a given glyph 310. In this manner, where a given glyph reverse-maps to only one Unicode, the CMAP tables 304 may enable the Unicode derivation component 134 to determine Unicode points from glyphs or glyph indices.
Having described the CMAP tables that may be included in the font files 302, the discussion now proceeds to a more detailed description of the GSUB tables 306, now presented with FIG. 4. In some instances, when processing scripts in Latin languages, the CMAP tables as shown in FIG. 3 may be sufficient to derive Unicode points from glyphs.
In script languages such as Arabic, multiple Unicode points may point to a single given glyph, resulting in collisions when attempting to reverse these CMAP tables for fonts within those script languages. Put differently, when reversing a given input glyph through the CMAP tables, multiple Unicode points may point to this given glyph, so it may not be immediately apparent which of multiple different Unicode should be selected. To resolve these collisions, a component, such as the Unicode derivation component, may reverse these glyphs through one ore more GSUB tables 306, as now described.
FIG. 4 provides several examples of data structures for the GSUB table 306, suitable for determining Unicode points from glyph elements. FIG. 4 illustrates several scenarios in which the GSUB table 306 maps Unicode points to glyphs, and in which the GSUB table further maps from one or more glyphs to one or more other glyphs. These different example scenarios are now described in turn.
In one example scenario, denoted at 402A, the GSUB table maps a given Unicode point 404A to a glyph 406A. FIG. 4 generally represents this mapping with the arrow 408A. The GSUB table may then substitute the glyph 406A with another glyph 410A. FIG. 4 generally represents this substitution with the arrow 412A. Thus, in one scenario, the GSUB table may receive the Unicode point 404A as input, and map this Unicode point to the glyph 406A, and then substitute this glyph 406A with the glyph 410A.
As an example of the scenario 402A, a single substitution may replace a single glyph with another single glyph. This substitution may be appropriate when rendering positional glyph variants in Arabic and vertical text in the Far East. Consider the following example:
In this example, the single substitution enables rendering of alternative forms of parentheses used when positioning Kanji vertically.
However, the scenario 402A may also operate in reverse. For example, given the glyph 410A as input, the GSUB table may be searched in reverse, such that the input glyph 410A may be reverse-substituted for the glyph 406A. This reverse-search or reverse-substitution is denoted generally by an arrow 414A. Proceeding one step further, the GSUB table may also reverse-map the glyph 406A to the original Unicode point 404A, as denoted by an arrow 416A. In this manner, the GSUB table may enable a component such as the Unicode derivation component 134 (FIGS. 1 and 3) to determine the Unicode point 404A that corresponds to an input glyph 410A.
In another scenario, denoted at 402B, the GSUB table maps a given Unicode point 404B to a glyph 406B. FIG. 4 generally represents this mapping with the arrow 408B. The GSUB table may then substitute the glyph 406B with two or more glyphs 410B. FIG. 4 generally represents this substitution with the arrow 412B. Thus, in one scenario, the GSUB table may receive the Unicode point 404B as input, and map this Unicode point to the glyph 406B, and then substitute the glyph 406B with multiple glyphs 410B.
As an example of the scenario 402B, a multiple substitution may replace a single glyph with more than one glyph. This substitution may be appropriate when specifying actions such as ligature composition or decomposition. Consider the following example:
fi→fi
In this example, the single substitution enables decomposing a Latin ligature glyph into its individual glyph components.
The scenario 402B may also operate in reverse. For example, given the multiple glyphs 410B as input, the GSUB table may be searched in reverse, such that the input glyph 410B may be reverse-substituted for the glyph 406B. This reverse-search or reverse-substitution is denoted generally by an arrow 414B. Proceeding one step further, the GSUB table may also reverse-map the glyph 406B to the original Unicode point 404B, denoted by an arrow 416B. In this manner, the GSUB table may enable the Unicode derivation component 134 to determine the Unicode point 404B that corresponds to an instance of multiple input glyphs 410B.
In another scenario, denoted at 402C, the GSUB table maps a given Unicode point 404C to a glyph 406C. FIG. 4 generally represents this mapping with an arrow 408C. The GSUB table may then substitute the glyph 406B with a glyph 410C, denoted generally by an arrow 412C. In the example shown at 402C, the glyph 410C may be chosen from two or more possible glyphs, denoted generally at 418. FIG. 4 generally represents this selection with an arrow 420. Thus, in one scenario, the GSUB table may receive the Unicode point 404C as input, and map this Unicode point to the glyph 406C, and then substitute the glyph 406C with a glyph 410C that is chosen from a plurality of possible glyphs 418.
As an example of the scenario 402C, an alternate substitution may involve identifying functionally equivalent but different looking forms of a given glyph, and replacing the given glyphs with one of these different forms. These different forms of the glyph may be termed as aesthetic alternatives. For example, a font might have five different glyphs for the ampersand symbol, but the CMAP table may specify one default glyph index as a default. However, the client could use this default glyph index, or replace the default with any of the four alternatives. Consider the following example:
In this example, this scenario enables replacing the default ampersand glyph shown on the left with any of the alternative ampersand glyphs shown on the right.
The scenario 402C may also operate in reverse. For example, given the glyph 410C as input, the GSUB table may be searched in reverse, such that the input glyph 410C may be reverse-substituted for the glyph 406C. This reverse-search or reverse-substitution is denoted generally by an arrow 414C. Proceeding one step further, the GSUB table may also reverse-map the glyph 406C to the original Unicode point 404C, denoted by an arrow 416C. In this manner, the GSUB table may enable the Unicode derivation component 134 to determine the Unicode point 404C that corresponds to an input glyph 410C, where the input glyph 410C was selected from among multiple glyphs 418.
In another scenario, denoted at 402D, the GSUB table maps a given Unicode point 404D to a glyph 406D. FIG. 4 generally represents this mapping with an arrow 408D. The GSUB table may then associate the glyph 406D with one or more glyphs 410D. FIG. 4 generally represents this association with a line 412D. Finally, the glyphs 406D and 410D, as combined or associated with one another, may be substituted with another glyph, denoted generally at 422. FIG. 4 represents this latter substitution at an arrow 424.
As an example of the scenario 402D, a ligature substitution replaces several glyph indices with a single glyph index. When a string of glyphs can be replaced with a single ligature glyph, the first glyph is substituted with the ligature. The remaining glyphs in the string may be deleted, including those glyphs that are skipped as a result of lookup flags. Consider the following example:
In this example, a string of Arabic glyphs appear on the left, and are all replaced with the Arabic ligature glyph appearing on the right.
As another example of the scenario 402D, in some Latin language fonts (e.g., Courier), the spacing between characters is uniform or standard, regardless of which particularly characters appear adjacent to one another. In contrast, other Latin language fonts (e.g., Times New Roman) may be considered as variable fonts or variable width fonts. When rendering characters in a variable font, the spacing between adjacent characters may vary, depending one which particular characters are adjacent to one another. Thus, these sequences of two characters may be combined into one glyph for rendering. These combined or coupled characters are examples of ligatures. As described further herein, these ligatures may be decoupled to discover the two glyphs that were combined to form the ligature. Afterwards, the two glyphs may then be reverse-mapped to their respective corresponding Unicode points.
As a more specific example, if the characters "f" and "i" are adjacent to one another, then these two characters may be rendered as a combined glyph "fi", where the "f" and the "i" are placed more closely to one another when rendered. In this example, the glyph 406D may represent the character "f", the glyph 410D may represent the character "i", and the line 412D may represent combining or associating these two characters so that they are rendered more closely to one another. Finally, the glyph 422 represents the combined "fi" characters as rendered in the variable font.
The scenario 402D may also operate in reverse. For example, given the glyph 422 as input, the GSUB table may be searched in reverse, such that the input glyph 422 may be reverse-substituted for the glyphs 406D and 410D. This reverse-search or reverse-substitution is denoted generally by an arrow 426. Proceeding one step further, the GSUB table may also reverse-map the glyphs 406D and 410D to the original Unicode point 404D, denoted by an arrow 416D. In this manner, the GSUB table may enable the Unicode derivation component 134 to determine the Unicode point 404D that corresponds to an input glyph 422.
In another scenario, denoted at 402N, the GSUB table maps a given Unicode point 404N to a glyph 406N. FIG. 4 generally represents this mapping with the arrow 408N. The glyph 406N appears in context with one or more other glyphs 428. The GSUB table may then substitute one or more of the glyphs 406N, in the context of one or more glyphs 428, with one or more glyphs 410N. Put differently, one or more glyphs appearing within a certain pattern of glyphs may be substituted for one or more other glyphs. These substitutions may describe one or more input glyph sequences, and one or more substitutions to be performed on that sequence. These contextual substitutions may be performed on specific glyph sequences, glyph classes, or sets of glyphs. FIG. 4 generally represents this substitution with the arrow 412N.
The scenario 402N may also operate in reverse. For example, given the glyph 410N as input, the GSUB table may be searched in reverse, such that the input glyph 410N may be reverse-substituted for the glyph 406N. This reverse-search or reverse-substitution is denoted generally by an arrow 414N. Proceeding one step further, the GSUB table may also reverse-map the glyph 406N to the original Unicode point 404N, denoted by an arrow 416M. In this manner, the GSUB table may enable the Unicode derivation component 134 to determine the Unicode point 404N that corresponds to an input glyph 410N.
Having described the CMAP tables 304 and the GSUB tables 306 in FIGS. 3 and 4, it is noted that the arrows shown therein may represent respective links, pointers, or other computer-implemented mechanisms. Assuming that the CMAP tables 304 and/or the GSUB tables 306 are implemented as computer-based data structures, these links, pointers, or other mechanisms may facilitate searching or traversal of these data structures. Examples of these arrows include elements referenced at 312 and 314 in FIG. 3, and elements referenced at 408, 412, 414, 416, 420, 424, and 426.
Additionally, again assuming that the CMAP tables and/or the GSUB tables are implemented as computer-based data structures, various elements shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 may be implemented as fields or records within those data structures. For example, blocks 308 and 310 in FIG. 3 may represent Unicode storage fields and glyph storage fields, respectively. Additionally, blocks 404 in FIG. 4 may represent various Unicode storage fields, and blocks 406, 410, 418, and 422 may represent various glyph storage fields.
Having described various scenarios in which Unicode points may be mapped to glyphs, and in which glyphs may be substituted for other glyphs, the discussion now proceeds to a description of overall processes for determining Unicode points from glyph elements, now presented in FIG. 5.
FIG. 5 illustrates combined process and data flows 500 of overall processes for determining Unicode points from glyph elements. While the process and data flows 500 is described in connection with certain elements and components shown herein, for example, the Unicode detection component 134, it is noted that some or all of the process flow may be performed in connection with other components without departing from the spirit and scope of the description herein. The process and data flows 500 may be initiated in response to, for example, any of the user commands illustrated in FIG. 2.
Block 502 represents identifying one or more runs in a set of glyphs 504 received as input. For example, if the user selects a block of text for a cut-and-paste operation, the input glyphs 504 may represent the selected text as rendered or displayed. Examples of the input glyphs are shown at 310 in FIG. 3, and at 410 and 422 FIG. 4.
A run is a sequence of glyphs that have the same attributes when rendered. Examples of such attributes include color, typeface, styling (e.g., italics, bolding, underlining, etc.), or the like. When an attribute changes in the glyphs, this starts a new run. In any event, the runs of glyphs are denoted generally at 506.
Block 508 represents determining Unicode points for the input run of glyphs. For convenient, the run of glyphs as input to block 508 is denoted in FIG. 5 at 506A. Block 508 may include reversing the glyphs through a CMAP table and/or a GSUB table, examples of which are shown at 304 and 306 in FIGS. 3 and 4. Additionally, FIG. 6 below illustrates more detail on the processing represented generally in block 508.
Block 508 outputs one or more ordered Unicode points that correspond to the input run of glyphs 506A. For convenience, FIG. 5 denotes the output of block 508 at 510. The Unicode points 510 may be considered as ordered, in the sense that the Unicode points 510 may appear in the same order as did the incoming glyphs 506A. Examples of the Unicode points are shown at 308 in FIG. 3 and at 404 in FIG. 4.
Block 512 represents performing a command on the Unicode points 510 as output from block 508. For example, if the user has entered a command to cut-and-paste a block of text from one part of a document to another, block 512 may include altering the arrangement of Unicode points within the document to effectuate the edit sought by the user. Block 512 may also include buffering the results of any such commands for later processing. For convenience, FIG. 5 shows the output of block 512 as a string of Unicode points 514.
Block 516 represents creating glyphs for the elements within the Unicode string 514 that is output from block 512. For example, block 516 may include processing one or more CMAP tables and/or GSUB tables, examples of which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, to obtain the glyphs. FIG. 5 shows the output of block 516 as one or more glyphs 518.
In instances wherein the glyphs 518 include a plurality of glyphs, a decision block 520 represents determining whether two or more glyphs that have the same attributes. Examples of attributes are described above (e.g., color, typeface, style, etc.), and sequences of two or more glyphs that have the same attributes are defined as runs.
From block 520, if the input glyphs include any runs, then the process flow 500 may take Yes branch 522 to block 524. Block 524 represents combining two or more glyphs into runs 526.
Returning to block 520, if one or more glyphs in a sequence have different attributes, then the process flow 500 may take No branch 528.
Block 530 represents determining whether the input glyphs 506 are arranged to read in left-to-right (LTR) or right-to-left (RTL) order. The glyphs as input to block 530 are denoted at 506B, for convenience only. Block 530 may output a signal 532 indicating whether the input glyphs were arranged in LTR or RTL order.
Block 534 represents outputting one or more glyphs, and may receive the signal 532 indicating LTR or RTL order. Additionally, block 534 may include outputting one or more runs of glyphs that have the same attributes, if the process flow passes through block 524. These runs may form partial lines of rendered text. If the process flow passes directly from block 520 to block 534, then block 534 may include outputting the glyphs one at a time, with the glyphs having different attributes. In any event, block 534 may include rendering and outputting the glyphs in the indicated LTR or RTL order, as denoted generally at 536. Block 534 may also include employing heuristic techniques to combine one or more runs or partial lines into final output.
The rendered or output glyphs 536 would indicate the results of the command operation provided by the user. Recalling the example of the cut-and-paste operation described above, the output glyphs 536 may depict a portion of the document to which the selected text was pasted.
An example of an output glyphs element 536 follows:
<Glyphs Fill="#000000"
FontUri="font_1.TTF"
FontRenderingEmSize="12"
OriginX="277.28"
OriginY="533.6"
Indices="43,84;72,66;68,67;79,34;87,46;75,70;70,59;68,67;85,50;
72,66;3,34; 44,54;81,72;71,70;88, 71;86,59;87,46;85,49;76,34;72,66;86"
UnicodeString="Healthcare Industries" />
The Indices property specifies a set of indices to the font file that contain the drawings of certain characters. In the previous example, the Indices correspond to characters in the UnicodeString. For example, glyph 43 corresponds to 'H', glyph 72 corresponds to 'e', and so on. The Indices may be expressed as a sequence of ordered pairs, with the glyph index for a given character being associated with an advance width of that given character. Thus, the above example specifies the Indices as a sequence of ordered pairs, with each ordered pair delimited by a semicolon, and the index and the advance width of the characters delimited by commas within the ordered pairs.
Having described the overall process for determining Unicode points from glyph elements in FIG. 5, the discussion proceeds to a more detailed description of a process for determining Unicode points from glyph elements, now presented in FIG. 6.
FIG. 6 illustrates a process flow 600 that provides further details related to determining Unicode points from glyph elements. The process flow 600 as shown in FIG. 6 may be viewed as expanding or elaborating on the processing represented in block 508. Thus, FIG. 6 carries forward block 508, for ease of description only, but not limitation.
Additionally, for convenience but not limitation, the process flow 600 is described in connection with the CMAP tables and GSU-B tables as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. However, it is noted that implementations of the process flow 600 may operate with other tables or other data structures without departing from the spirit and scope of the description herein.
Block 602 represents reversing the input glyphs (e.g., 506A in FIG. 5) through one or more CMAP tables (e.g., 304 in FIG. 3). Block 602 may include searching the glyphs stored in the CMAP tables (e.g., 310 in FIG. 3) for any matches to the input glyphs. If any matches are found, then block 602 may include traversing the CMAP tables to locate a Unicode with which the glyphs are associated. For example, block 602 may include traversing the arrows 314 shown in FIG. 3 to find the Unicode.
Decision block 604 determines whether the input glyphs map to a single Unicode. If so, then no collision has occurred, and the process flow 600 may take Yes branch 606 to block 608. Block 608 outputs the Unicode to which the input glyphs reverse-mapped. FIG. 5 shows an example of the output Unicode points at 510.
Returning to decision block 604, if the input glyphs do not map to a single Unicode, then the process flow 600 may take No branch 610. For example, in some instances of the CMAP tables, more than one Unicode may point to a given glyph. In other words, multiple Unicode points may "fan in" to the given glyph. Therefore, when reversing from the given glyph, the process flow 600 may be faced with multiple Unicode points. This situation may be termed as a "collision" or a "conflict". In these instances, the process flow 600 may employ additional techniques to resolve such collisions or conflicts, as now described.
In other instances, the glyph may map to a Unicode Presentation Form, which is a construct defined under the Unicode Specification. Block 612 represents evaluating whether the glyph maps to a Unicode Presentation Form. In some instances, such Presentation Forms are scaleable representations of the character itself, and may map to Unicode points. However, most applications may treat these presentation forms as final presentation forms, and typically do not support interactivity with these presentation forms. For example, in some complex scripts, applications may combine certain characters to form one or more other characters. In some instances, the application may represent these combined characters using presentation forms. A user may then enter another character near the combined characters that are represented with the presentation form. If the presentation form were not used, the application may combine the new character with the previously-combined set of characters. However, if the presentation form is used, the application typically does not attempt to combine the newly-entered character with the presentation form. In any event, if the glyph maps to a Unicode Presentation Form, then the process flow 600 may take Yes branch 614 to block 616.
Block 616 represents mapping the Unicode Presentation Form to a Unicode. Block 616 may include referring to one or more additional tables provided by the Unicode specification, and reversing these additional tables to locate the appropriate Unicode point. Afterwards, the process flow 600 may proceed to block 608.
Returning to block 612, if the glyph does not map to a Unicode Presentation Form, then there may be a collision between multiple Unicode points. In this case, the process flow 600 may take No branch 618 to block 620. It is noted that the decision blocks 612 may include testing for Unicode Presentation Forms separately from collisions between multiple Unicode points. Thus, the arrangement shown in FIG. 6 is understood to be illustrative, rather than limiting.
Block 620 represents reversing one or more of the input glyphs through, for example, one or more GSUB tables to resolve the collision and determine the Unicode(s) to which the input glyphs map. Examples of GSUB tables are shown at 306 in FIGS. 3 and 4.
After reversing the input glyphs through one or more GSUB tables, the process flow 600 may proceed to decision block 622, which determines whether the input glyphs map to a single Unicode. If the input glyphs map to a single Unicode, then the collision has been resolved, and the process flow 600 may take Yes branch 624 to block 608, which outputs the Unicode.
Returning to block 622, if reversing the input glyphs through a given GSUB table does not map to a Unicode, then the collision is not resolved. In this case, the process flow 600 may take No branch 626 to decision block 628. Block 628 evaluates whether any more GSUB tables are available for reversing. If so, the process flow 600 takes yes branch 630 to block 632, which selects another GSUB table. Afterwards, the process flow 600 returns to block 620 to reverse the input glyphs through this next GSUB table, and then proceeds once again to block 622.
Recalling FIG. 4 briefly, FIG. 4 illustrates several scenarios 402A-402N (collectively 402) that define relationships between Unicode points and glyphs. Thus, block 620 may include reversing the input glyphs through the GSUB table using one of these scenarios 402. If that scenario does not map to a Unicode, then block 632 may include selecting another one of the scenarios 402, and repeating the reverse-mapping for that new scenario.
Returning to block 628, if there are no more GSUB tables are available for reversing, then the process flow 600 may not be able to resolve the collision. In this event, the process flow 600 may take No branch 634 to block 636.
Block 636 represents reporting an error message indicating that, for example, a collision has occurred, and that the process flow 600 was unable to resolve the collision. This error message may be forwarded to a software process, or to a human user (e.g, 112).
Although the systems and methods have been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the system and method defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as exemplary forms of implementing the claimed system and method.
In addition, regarding certain data and process flow diagrams described and illustrated herein, it is noted that the processes and sub-processes depicted therein may be performed in orders other than those illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of the description herein. Also, while these data and process flows are described in connection with certain components herein, it is noted that these data and process flows could be performed with other components without departing from the spirit and scope of the description herein.
Previous Patent: CAPTURING SURFACE IN MOTION PICTURE
Next Patent: IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD, AND PROGRAM


text:
Yorke: PSG And Liverpool Is The Actual Test For Solskjaer
Arijit Roul 29/01/2019 HOT NEWS, Liverpool, Manchester United 0 155
Dwight Yorke thinks the Mauricio Pochettino should not be the next manager of Manchester United. Instead, it should be Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, his former teammate. According to him, Solskjaer should be given a job at Manchester United on a permanent basis. The interim coach has been able to set a record of 8 consecutive wins since he took charge of this Premier League team after the departure of Jose Mourinho. Solskjaer will be able to set a record if the team is able to defeat Burnley at Old Trafford. He is going to be the first one to lead the …
Simon Mignolet Offers Update On The Future Of Liverpool
Arijit Roul 28/01/2019 Champions League, HOT NEWS, Liverpool 0 158
Simon Mignolet, the goalkeeper of Liverpool states that he is going to miss the buss of his first ever team action. However, he is of the opinion that playing second fiddle is much easier in this season due to the brilliance of Alisson Becker. Miglolet, the thirty-year-old player lost his position as the number one of the club almost a year ago. He has played in 2 domestic cups throughout the season. However, he has made a statement about Alission and said that he admires the impact that he has been able to make after he had been signed last …
Ruud Guilt Talks About Sarri And Higuain
Arijit Roul 27/01/2019 Chelsea, HOT NEWS, Napoli 0 386
Chelsea was lacking a striker and this is the reason Maurizio Sarri had brought in Gonzalo Higuain. He is known to have played under his guidance in Napoli. Guilt stated that he hopes that he is wrong but according to him Higuain is an old-fashioned striker. He believes that the striker needs crosses. He will be unable to see any balls since Willian and Eden Hazard will play really well. These two always come inside and they dribble. They try to do things all by themselves. Hence, they are not going to need a player who is a target man. …
Ole Gunnar Solskjaer Hailed As A Special Man
Arijit Roul 26/01/2019 Arsenal, HOT NEWS, Manchester United 0 187
Conor McGregor, a fan has praised Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, the interim coach of Manchester United after the victory against Arsenal in FA Cup. The fan resorted to Twitter for praising the coach after Arsenal had been defeated by 3–1 in the 4th round of the tournament. Alexis Sanchez had come back to the previous club to haunt with the first goal of the match prior to Jesse Lingard doubling the lead of the visitors. Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang had pulled back for his team Arsenal. However, the victory had been confirmed for Man United as Anthony Martial finished the game with the …
Harry Redknapp States That Eden Hazard Wanted To Join Tottenham
Arijit Roul 25/01/2019 Chelsea, HOT NEWS, Juventus 0 152
Eden Hazard had become a part of Chelsea in the year 2012 and has scored his hundredth goal for this club. Nonetheless, it might have all been different with the Belgian international reported joining Tottenham. During this time Harry Redknapp had been the boss of Spurs and he had revealed that deal had almost at the brim of completion. He said that he tried signing Hazard for Tottenham. He believes that international star player wanted to come to Tottenham during this time. However, quite, unfortunately, the deal was called off. This is a shame. He goes on to say that Joe …
Thierry Henry, The Monaco Coach Gets Suspended
Arijit Roul 25/01/2019 Arsenal, HOT NEWS, NEWS 0 161
The Monaco coach, Thierry Henry had been suspended from his duty and it is being expected that he is going to be axed soon. Monaco has made a statement and said that he is going to be suspended until they reach a definitive decision. During his suspension, Franck Passi is going to take care of the training program on Friday before they go to Dijon. Henry is forty-one years old and had been suspended from the team of Monaco who is in the second position from the bottom in the top division of French with fifteen points after France and Arsenal …
Neymar Suffers A New Metatarsal Injury In The PSG Win
Arijit Roul 24/01/2019 HOT NEWS, Manchester United, Neymar 0 158
The star player of Paris Saint Germain has suffered a new injury on the right metatarsal. This marred the advance of the holders to the last sixteen of French Cup over Strasbourg with a victory of 2–0. He had a fractured metatarsal which had curtailed his previous season. Now, there is a recurrence just 3 weeks before the first leg of the crunch Champions League match of PSG against Manchester United. The seriousness of his injury is not yet confirmed. However, Neymar had been unable to walk on the field without support. Initial test shows that there is a painful …
Real Madrid Replaced Man United As Top-Earning Football Club
Arijit Roul 24/01/2019 HOT NEWS, Manchester United, Real Madrid 0 296
Manchester United is no more the highest earning club when it comes to European football, as per the Deloitte Football Money League. Barcelona and Real Madrid have proceeded ahead of Manchester United in regards to the revenue stakes as per the survey of Deloitte of the top twenty earning clubs of Europe. Manchester United had topped the char last year. The revenue collection fell to €666 million from €676.3 million. Rob Wilson, the football finance expert from Sheffield Hallam University has said that the drop in the ranking of Manchester United was expected. He states that this was predictable because …
Sarri Demands More From Chelsea's Eden Hazard
Arijit Roul 23/01/2019 Chelsea, HOT NEWS, Premier League 0 212
Eden Hazard needs to deliver more in order to fathom his complete potential and help take out Chelsea out of the slump says Maurizio Sarri, the manager. Sarri has criticized the mental strength of his side while they slipped to 2–0 defeat in the Premier League against Arsenal. He has labeled the players saying that they are hard enough to motivate. Nonetheless, the tactics of Sarri have come under consideration while he kept playing Hazard in the center-forward position throughout the last month. Chelsea was ready to fix the problem with the striker with the arrival of the on-loan player …
Beckham To Be A Shareholder Of National League Club Salford
Arijit Roul 23/01/2019 Champions League, David Beckham, HOT NEWS 0 166
David Beckham, the former captain of England is going to take 10% stake in the Salford City's National League Club. The forty-three-year-old retired player is going to be a part of his own side along with former teammates from Manchester United, Ryan Giggs, Phil Neville, and Gary Neville, Nicky Butt, and Paul Scholes. The Class of 92 is known to own about 60% of the club and the rest of the 40% is under Peter Lim, the businessman from Singapore. Beckham is already the owner of the Inter Miami, the American club who is going to be a part of …
Collins Talks About What Guardiola Said After Ceding 9 Goals
Arijit Roul 23/01/2019 Chelsea, HOT NEWS, Manchester CIty 0 115
The goalkeeper of Burton had one of the busiest days in this career about a week ago while he prepared for the second leg of the Carabao Cup on Wednesday with proud. For several people, allowing 9 goals in the match should be an experience to forget. However, for Bradley Collins, the Burton Albion goalkeeper, the mournful 9–0 by Man City had been an evening to remember. The goalkeeper had been on loan from Chelsea and he had been given an awful insight into what is needed for reaching the top level while Manchester City ran riot at the Carabao Cup's …
Pochettino Is Optimistic Even After Injury Blows
Arijit Roul 22/01/2019 Chelsea, FA Cup, HOT NEWS 0 106
Mauricio Pochettino, the Tottenham Manager is positive that his team will be able to defeat Chelsea and reach the final of League Cup irrespective of the injuries suffered by Dele Alli and Harry Kane. The forty-six-year-old Argentine is focused and is upbeat even though Kane might be missing out on the game till March while Alli is being assessed following the 2–1 win over Fulham with the problem of the hamstring. Pochettino will not have Son Heung-min, the forward from South Korea as he is away on the Asian Cup duty. Pressure is building upon the manager and the talented side …
Sala: Cardiff Concerned For Player With Plane Going Missing
Arijit Roul 22/01/2019 HOT NEWS, News, Premier League 0 236
The new record of Cardiff City by signing Emiliano Sala with £15million had been on board with the private jet missing from Nantes to the capital of Welsh, according to French police sources. A search operation is in progress with the light aircraft disappearing from the radar close to the Casquets lighthouse in the Channel Islands on Alderney. It has been revealed by Guernsey Police that Piper Malibu has been missing from Monday night 8:30 pm. French Police has stated that the Argentine striker had been on the plane. This private plane has been flying from Nantes to Cardiff and …
Brendan Rodgers Doesn't Want To Stockpile Players
Arijit Roul 21/01/2019 HOT NEWS, NEWS, RUMORS 0 128
Brendan Rodgers, the Celtic manager doesn't desire to stockpile player as the transfer window comes to an end. Rodgers is known to have recruited Vakoun Issouf Bayo, Timothy Weah, and Oliver Burke, the forwards, the latter two being on loan. They have been linked to many right-backs. The leaders of Premiership are now going to St. Mirren. Rodgers said that they will be able to make a great difference. He states that if you are spending a lot of money on this then it is necessary to be careful that you simply do not stockpile players. He is always careful about …
Klopp Looks For Solution For Liverpool's Defensive Crisis
Arijit Roul 21/01/2019 HOT NEWS, Leicester, Liverpool 0 169
Jurgen Klopp, the manager of Liverpool has taken his team to Dubai for a training camp in the warm weather. Here, he is going to look for a solution to the defensive dilemma. The leaders of the Premier League are 4 points ahead of Man City. Liverpool is not up for action in the next weekend as they have been knocked out of FA Cup in the previous season. However, the sending off of James Milner in the 4–3 victory over Crystal Palace on Saturday leaves Klopp with a headache at the back for the weekly visit of Leicester. Joe …
Mike Ashley Opens Transfer Discussions With Rafa Benitez
Arijit Roul 21/01/2019 Chelsea, HOT NEWS, Liverpool 0 149
The Magpies have secure their first win at home in the Premier League since the middle of November on Saturday defeating Cardiff by 3–0. This win meant that they could switch places with their rivals and have 2 points ahead of the relegation zone. The results couldn't stop the frustration of the Newcastle supporters towards Ashley. This was the first game that he attended in November. The fans were voicing angry chants and directing it to the owner before the amazing solo opener of Fabian Schar. Ashley had been unwilling to support Benitez in the transfer market. However, according to …
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Discussion in 'Transformers News and Rumors' started by pie125, May 18, 2018.
Well, there was a lot of these in the 60's.
I think I'll puck this one up. I like Bumblebee.
Yup. I had a crush on her before I realized I was watching re-runs. lol.
Yeah basically the head is a comic thing for whatever reason..
Nice I guess. It's a strange choice by the artist to go this route since it's pretty much a continuity error all on its own. Also it kind of feels like the artist just didn't want to draw a bayverse design and decided to go with this one because it's G1 (and simpler).
Wich it's strange, IDW has been making movie comics since years ago until DOTM, with the same aesthetic as the movies (well, not at all).
God, that mouth looks horrific.
Okay, so I took it upon myself to create my own version of movie Bumblebee with a mouth. I made the side vents look closer to the film version, which gives him a more bare jaw. I also shrank down the chin, so it feels more plausible that his mouth can fit behind the speaker.
I'm by no means trying to say I'm a better artist or a better robot designer than the person who drew the cover, but on a personal level I think I would have preferred something closer to this. I feel like it's more recognizable as movieverse Bumblebee, and avoids the somewhat generic look.
Lmao, I come back after months gone and people are arguing about a face. It looks okay, I prefer gimp mask Bumblebee though. Drives the alien idea home for me.
Surprisingly, I am actually excited about the trade paperback itself. I like little self-contained stories like this, and if it's anything like the previous Transformers: Bumblebee trade paperback (the one by Zander Cannon and others), I am 100% down.
Yeah I did something similar back in the day.
Also it kind of feels like the artist just didn't want to draw a bayverse design and decided to go with this one because it's G1 (and simpler).
There's no way the artist gets to make that kind of decision. Books don't work that way.
IDW Publishing has given PREVIEWSworld an Exclusive PREVIEWS Prevue of Transformers: Bumblebee Movie Prequel: From Cybertron with Love (JUL180829)!
Take a look inside below and get the collection on October 24th at your local comic shop!
Fan-favorite Autobot Bumblebee is recruited for a top secret mission, and 1960s London won't know what hit it when this robot in disguise goes undercover. It's high-tech, high-octane, high-clearance spy hijinks in.... From Cybertron with Love.
Some call him Goldfender, but the name's Bee... Bumblebee. On loan to MI6 and teamed with a human partner, Bee's trapped in the middle of a Cold War plot to disrupt British Secret Intelligence. But when their base is destroyed from within, it's up to Bee to discover if there's a traitor in their midst...and, in the spy world, allegiances can change just as easily as a Cybertronian. Collects issues #1-4!
The official prequel to the new Bumblebee film, in theaters December 2018.
That's a quick release of a trade series for a comic series that recently concluded.
I've read the first three issues (not due to pick up my monthly load until November) and it's not really hooked me. How well did the singles sell? It hasn't had much discussion in the TF Comics sub-forum, which is usually pretty telling of popularity.
Or were people just waiting for the trade?
When's the movie out? Maybe it's trying to hit that. Or perhaps the singles sold poorly and getting the trade out there in time for the movie might boost sales more. Certainly as a trade it's more likely to end up in places that sell books but not single comic issues.
Dark Prime Ware Wa Oof Nari!!!


Yankton Transit is a 501(c)3 IRS organization.
They have contracted their services to be run by River Cities Public Transit. Yankton Transit has a Board of Directors who hire the contractor that manages the operation. This contractor, Ron Baumgart, oversees the entire operation. RCPT has hired a local manager, Terry Kirchner.


Planning for your retirement is not something that should be left to the last minute. There is always that point in the future where you know you will no longer be able to work, yet you need to make sure you have enough put by or invested to keep you going in your retirement years. Of course, it's not a pleasant thing to have to think about, and it is not unusual to put it back time and time again, but it is recommended that you think carefully about your retirement at a sensible point in time.
There are many questions you need to ask yourself if you are considering how you will live beyond your working years. These involve not only you but your partner, family and the state and ownership of property and assets you may hold. It's about taking stock, and thinking carefully about the future with a view to making changes where they may be needed. What are the questions you need to ask? Let's consider that in a little more detail.
To assess whether you have enough to retire on – in terms of both savings and investments – you need to consider quite a wide variety of factors. First, and perhaps foremost, is that of the age at which you wish to retire. There may be a reason why you will retire at a certain age – or perhaps you are assessing when you will be able to afford to – but it is one of the defining factors you need to consider.
Also, you need to make a rough assessment of how long you are likely to need an income after your retirement – or, in other words, how long you expect to live! The younger you retire, of course, the longer this period will be. You need also factor in any dependents who may outlive you, as they will need income too. All of this is assessed alongside figures such as how much you are investing into your retirement fund, how much is already in there, and what you expect that capital to be when you do retire.
There are more complex factors to consider such as interest rates, and this is one reason why it is recommended you use a retirement fund calculator to get a more accurate idea of the answers. It's easy to do and you need only spend a few minutes, and it will give you a better idea of the situation you are in.
There is plenty of help available from various sources on how to prepare yourself for retirement, and as that information and advice is there, why not use it? It costs you nothing to fill in the initial survey that will help arrive at your necessary conclusions, and it takes you just a little of your time to do so. Why not check out a retirement fund calculator now, and see how you can prepare for the inevitable – it may be the best decision you make.


text:
Noddable Industries
This is the Noddable Industries blog. Find mashups, blends, and podcasts on the Noddable Industries page.
Are Mashups Dead?
I posted a response to a post on the blog Touch That Dial. (By the way, my brief response did not do justice to the vast wrongness of the post -- I just hit the high points.) To summarize, in typical hipster fashion, TTD declared mashups dead. Submitted as evidence is the Jay-Z vs. Linkin Park mashup album. My point was that genres are declared dead all the time, but somehow people keep making music.
To be honest, I had basically dismissed out of hand the possibility that mashups are dead. But then -- after seeing the recent attempt at a live mashup at the Grammies -- my man SF called and asked me to stop making mashups. (He wasn't the first!) He said that after the Grammies (I didn't see it, but apparently it involved the aforementioned offenders and a slew of others), mashups are over. I respect SF a lot, so I was forced to reconsider the argument. Here's what I came up with.
As mentioned in my response, every genre is declared dead at some point. According to Kundera, classical music was dead after Schönberg. After going electric, Miles declared jazz dead. And remember when Tortoise and co. rendered rock obsolete, to the point that they spawned a "post-genre," post-rock? Despite these genres being dead, musicians still work within them.
I haven't changed my mind. I still think that declaring a genre dead -- beyond being a hipster's way of seeming above it all -- is just a weird thing to do. I'm not certain what it means for a genre to be alive, but I assume it means that music made under its name is vital or relevant. So, right off, declaring a genre dead is a way to dismiss some music you've heard and a whole lot you haven't. The problem here is the same problem with genres in general -- it reduces music to types and cuts people off from a lot of (possibly good) musical experiences.
When it comes down to it, genres are irrelevant. There's music. People experience music and they think it's good or they don't. Whether someone declares a genre alive or dead is also irrelevant. To paraphrase Michael Chabon, it's a cop out to pass off your own limitations as the limitations of a genre. It's also a cop out to blame bad art on the category into which it happens to fall.
I do agree with SF and with TTD insofar as it's disheartening to hear bad music -- mashups or otherwise. But bad corporate mashups don't signal the death of mashups. If anything, they reinforce why mashups were ever "alive" in the first place.
In the music business, music is exactly that -- business. To even get The Strokes and Christina Aguilera in a room together, you'd have to overcome a huge list of obstacles that have nothing to do with how good or bad they would sound together musically. Luckily, they don't have to be in the same room. But, to bring them together, you have to bypass an entire industry that, ultimately, cares about money, not good music.
So far, to my knowledge, no one working from within the industry has produced a good mashup. (Correct me if I'm wrong.) And, to me, that is no coincidence. Having said that, home remixers rely on the industry, and sometimes an industry artist like Jay-Z blatantly does them a favor. No, I'm not talking about Collision Course. I'm talking about the Black Album acapellas. Jay-Z could not have predicted what other people could do with his music, and he didn't try -- he just made the acapellas widely available and let people go at it. (Obviously, Beastie Boys eventually did him one better, since their acapellas are available free.) Collision Course was a misguided effort to cash in on a DIY phenomenon. The acapellas illustrate that the more free/accessible music is -- and the more free people are to make it -- the better music can be.
The TTD post to which I responded is a terrible piece of writing. Does it follow that "writing must stop"? Of course not. People make bad mashups. Does it follow that "mashups must stop"? Of course not. It does follow that everyone who writes needs to write better, and everyone who makes music needs to make better music.
Posted by noddables at 11:36 PM
I'm not saying stop making them, I'm just saying they are officially commodified & no longer anything forward thinking (but a particularly forward-thinking mashup can certainly still be created).
But who am I to talk about commodification? My soccer team was just sold and named for soft drink.
Great entry, esp. the part about genres being "dead" and why people say that kind of thing. I agree whole-heartedly with your thoughts on that, especially.
As for mashups...Mashing up music is a production technique. People will mash up and remix music as long as the tools and ideas are there, which pretty much means always. People that discredit mashups, obviously just don't hear the right ones, which is easy to do since they are still not legal, and you have to scour the interent thru all the crap for the good ones. Every year since 2002 mashups/bootlegs have been called dead, but I can assure you there are some brilliant producers out there, and new great producers and tracks appear every year. But yeah, that Grammy thing was a trainwreck, but that's typical of people hopping on a bandwagon, yet having no understanding of the genre or what they are trying to mimic. BTW, this is Mysterious D, from mashup club Bootie/bootlegers A plus D.
noddables


text:
District Arad (Transsylvanië), en Roemeens district (județ) in de historische regio Transsylvanië
District Arad (interbellum), tijdens het interbellum een district van Koninkrijk Roemenië of Groot-Roemenië

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Once again, here at Evil Geek Cult, its that time of the month… Kaiju of the Month!
Last month, we talked about everyone's favorite Japanese turtle, Gamera. Today we dive into the mythology of Shisas with King Caesar.
King Caesar first appeared in the 1974 film, Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla. The inspiration for his design, one that finds its basis in the rich history of Japanese mythology, is relatively unique compared to most Kaiju.
On the island of Okinawa, stone guardians called Shisa can be found. These stalwart guardians resemble the cross of a lion and dog. While different iterations of Shisa can be found across many Eastern cultures, with many different names, Shisha hold a special cultural significance to the island of Okinawa. They can be found everywhere in Okinawa, usually seen in pairs guarding entrances to ward against malevolent spirits.
One particular legend of interest comes from the village of Madanbashi. A sea serpent was said to have terrorized the village before a woman with a shisha figurine confronted the monster. The Shisa defeated the sea serpent with the strength of its roar and in turn, the people of Madanbashi built a large Shisa carved from stone to protect the village from then on.
In Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla, one such stone guardian protects the Azumi family. Through the fulfillment of a prophecy and the singing of an ancestral song, King Caesar is awoken from his slumber in the mountain side to protect against the oncoming onslaught of destruction known as Mechagodzilla. Although he is more of a supporting character to the titular hero, Godzilla, his lore is rich enough to make him a standout among kaiju. He is one of the few kaiju whose origins implicitly ties him to the well being of humanity. His name also comes from a mispronunciation of Kingu Shisa from a Western audience.
Heat Beams- King Ceasar has been seen using Superman's heat vision. Utilizing the almighty power of solar energy (#gogreen), The King of Shisas can convert it into an energy beam he shoots from his eyeballs. A very practical and renewable weapon.
Lightning Breath- Have you ever been caught in a lightning storm and thought "Man, it would be cool to shoot tendrils of sky-splitting electricity from my face"? Me too. I call this Lightning Breath envy and I have a lot of it for King Caesar.
Shisa Women- You can't live with them and you can't live without them. I couldn't really find specifics on his weaknesses, so I made one up for him. Here's to hoping that Toho is totally reading this blog and adds this weakness to his eventual return to cinema.
That'll do for Kaiju of the Month! Stay tuned to the same Kaiju channel for more Kaiju goodness next month.


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Mr. Francis Joseph Coquyt Obituary
Earthman Resthaven Funeral Home and Cemetery
13102 North Fwy, Houston, TX
Mr. Francis Joseph Coquyt
March 8, 1930 – July 8, 2019
Francis Joseph Coquyt, 89 of Houston, Texas passed away Monday, July 8, 2019 at Providence Hospice in Fulshear, Texas surrounded by his loving family.
He was born March 8, 1930 in Ghent, Minnisota to Frank and Nellie (Clement) Coquyt. He worked for Gulf Oil starting in 1961 and retired in 1985 then went to work for Metropolitan Life as a sales agent in 2000. He was a member of St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church and served in the United States Army during the Korean Conflict. Francis was a jokester by nature and enjoyed playing and telling jokes to everyone. He was a people person and a friend to all.
Francis is survived by his children, Kenneth Coquyt and wife, Rhonda; Cathy Ciarella and husband, David; sister-in-law, Nelda Coquyt; grandchildren, Adam Ciarella (Shelly), Jared Ciarella (Erin), Brian Coquyt (Amy), great-grandchildren, Lily Coquyt, Emily, Ben, Kate, and Sam Ciarella. He is preceded in death by his parents, Frank and Nellie Coquyt, wife Julliette whom he was her caretaker until her passing in 2005, brother, Norman Coquyt and sister, Martha St. Germain.
Serving as pallbearers will be David Ciarella, Adam Ciarella, Jared Ciarella, Kenneth Coquyt and Brian Coquyt.
Carol Atkins
We would chat on the phone and he would always be telling me jokes. Sure he is doing that with Bob Hope and others.
There is no doubt his passing will be a great loss to all who knew him. With deepest sympathy, Carol Atkins
Earthman Resthaven Funeral Home
In Memory Of Mr. Francis Joseph Coquyt
https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/houston-tx/francis-coquyt-8773166


FEGLI comes with two sorts of protection – Primary and Elective. Whether or not the worker is roofed beneath CSRS (the Civil Service Retirement System) or FERS (Federal Workers Retirement System) the protection is an identical for FEGLI. Whereas Primary FEGLI protection is robotically issued within the worker's identify as quickly as they begin working, the worker will probably wish to elect certainly one of extra of the three elective protection selections which might be obtainable. The kind and quantity of any elective protection that you choose and which federal retirement advantages you select to maintain can be based mostly on whichever finest suit your wants and as you age and your loved ones circumstances change your picks can also change. Each full time and half time federal workers can take part within the FEGLI program, nonetheless, it's voluntary and the plan may be cancelled if you'll be able to discover cheaper life insurance coverage protection or if do not require insurance coverage at that second.The Primary Insurance coverage CoverageThe Primary Insurance coverage Protection beneath FEGLI is robotically issued within the worker's identify as quickly as service begins, until the worker waives the protection, and acts as quick safety for the worker's beneficiaries within the occasion of dying.• The entire quantity for this federal worker life insurance coverage is a sum of the worker's annual fundamental pay rounded as much as the subsequent $1000 plus a further $2000.• Two thirds of the prices of this insurance coverage is paid by the worker whereas the remaining is paid by the Authorities.o U.S. Postal Service pays 100% of the Primary FEGLI prices for Postal workers. Any Elective Insurance coverage chosen is paid for by the worker.The Elective Insurance coverage CoverageApart from the Primary plan, there are three elective federal worker life insurance coverage which you could elect beneath FEGLI. Nevertheless, you could have fundamental insurance coverage within the first place to go for any of those choices. The price of this protection relies upon upon your age and is payable by you alone with none contribution by the federal government.
Listed here are the three sorts of elective protection you may go for:Possibility A – Normal Elective Insurance coverage• This protection quantities to a complete of $10,000.• The associated fee is set as per your age, and particular age bands are outlined which spell out the prices to every participant.Possibility B – Extra Elective Insurance coverage• Whereas Possibility A comes with a set quantity of protection, possibility B is available in 5 multiples (1, 2, 3, Four or 5) of your annual pay (after being rounded as much as the closest subsequent $1000).• The associated fee for this insurance coverage too relies upon upon the age bands outlined at 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70.o Possibility B protection is engaging particularly for youthful workers. As you age, nonetheless, you need to at all times examine your FEGLI prices towards different, personal, time period life insurance coverage choices. An enormous potential value financial savings may be realized if you're already 45 or older or when you intend to guard your loved ones with life insurance coverage past 50 years of age. We extremely advocate using a FEGLI Calculator that can provide you an correct description of your FEGLI charges in comparison with different time period life insurance coverage choices.Possibility C – Household Elective Insurance coverage• One of these group time period insurance coverage program offers protection for your loved ones i.e. your partner and any dependent youngsters. The protection is set within the multiples of 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 as per your alternative.• The multiples are equal to $5000 on your partner and $2,500 for the eligible youngsters. For instance, when you chosen a a number of of 4, you'll obtain $20,000 in case of dying of partner and $10,000 within the occasion of dying of any youngster.• The price of this insurance coverage is set as per your age not of your member of the family(s). The identical age bands are used for allocating the full prices.
Other than Primary FEGLI, FEGLI Possibility A, FEGLI Possibility B and FEGLI Possibility C, eligible federal and postal workers are additionally provided extra advantages such because the Unintended Dying and Dismemberment Profit, Primary Life Additional Profit and way more.In case of your unintended dying or dismemberment, the protection of each Primary and Possibility A federal worker life insurance coverage are doubled. However, the Primary Life Additional Profit doubles your fundamental insurance coverage quantity payable in case your age is lower than 35. This profit decreases by 10% with each passing yr, lastly stopping on the age of 45.


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Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Is Getting a 3v3 Gunfight Mode
Squad up with an extra teammate.
Posted Jan. 11, 2020, 1:13 a.m.
It's a new year and Infinity Ward offered a quick update on what players can expect from Call of Duty: Modern Warfare in 2020. While the developers didn't reveal too many specifics, Infinity Ward announced that a 3v3 version of Gunfight will be coming in the future.
Infinity Ward rolled out a Gunfight 1v1 playlist this week but said that it was working on Gunfight 3v3 as well. The developers previously said 3v3 was in the cards back in December, but now the Infinity Ward blog confirmed this as well.
Gunfight is a new mode in Call of Duty: Modern Warfare where teams of two battle it out on a map with randomized weapons. One quirk of the Gunfight mode is how there are no respawns, so if you are killed you have to sit out for the rest of the round. The first team to six wins takes the game. Gunfight began with a 2v2 mode, but a 1v1 mode was introduced and soon there will be a 3v3 mode.
Additionally, Infinity Ward says it will be adding more loadout slots over the coming weeks, increasing the current limit of five.
Other announcements from today's community update include more Gunfight Tournaments, more 2XP events, and some bug fixes. The developer says it will keep updating players with regular bug fixes, patch notes, and behind the scenes blogs in 2020.
Check out IGN's Call of Duty: Modern Warfare review for our take on the latest military shooter from Activision, or check out our Call of Duty: Modern Warfare guide for tips and walkthroughs.
16 hours, 47 minutes Comments


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Michael Cinquemani Garners PTDA's Warren Pike Award
The distinguished lifetime achievement award honors long-term support of the PTDA and PT/MC industry.
Mike Hockett
During the Power Transmission Distributors Association's (PTDA) 2022 Industry Summit held Oct. 27-29 in Nashville, Tennessee (and attended by MDM), Michael Cinquemani was named as the 31st recipient of the association's Warren Pike Award for lifetime achievement in the power transmission/motion control (PT/MC) industry.
Established in 1984, the Warren Pike Award honors individuals who have demonstrated outstanding, continuous, long-term support of PTDA and the PT/MC industry and is only presented when an individual's achievements merit this prestigious recognition. Warren Pike Award recipients are selected by the PTDA Board of Directors.
The association detailed that Cinquemani's dedication to the industry began early in his career with Rockwell Automation. When its subsidiary Baldor Electric Company was sold in 2007, it gave Cinquemani the opportunity to demonstrate his acumen in leading people and building relationships. In 2010, he bought Master Power Transmission, where he inspires and motivates his team on a daily basis, said PTDA.
Cinquemani began attending the PTDA Industry Summit in 2004 and was quickly tapped as a volunteer on the Membership Committee. From there, he served on more than nine committees and task forces, including leading as the Manufacturer Council as chair and serving on the PTDA Board of Directors for multiple terms. With a passion for giving back and building the next generation workforce, Cinquemani facilitated a full-day workshop at the Leadership Development Conference in 2016.
"Working with friends makes for trusting relationships which elevate our performance. This makes us more effective in our jobs," Cinquemani shared in his acceptance speech on Oct. 28. "I am thankful to have had the opportunity to work in this industry with my friends."
Master Power Transmission Owner Michael Cinquemani (left) with PTDA Executive Vice President and CEO Ann Ardott after Cinquemani received PTDA's Warren Pike Award on Oct. 28 during the PTDA 2022 Industry Summit n Nashville, Tennessee.
3M's Riccioti Wins ISA's 2022 Women's Influence Award
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The group hosted nearly 650 distributor and supplier attendees from 285 companies at its annual…
Filed In: Power Transmission/Motion Control/Fluid Power, Association News
Mike Hockett is MDM's executive editor, having joined the publication in March 2022. He oversees MDM's editorial content and direction, coordinates with contributing authors, conducts interviews with executives in the wholesale distribution space and serves as the editorial face of MDM at industry events. He has extensively covered the distribution and manufacturing sectors since 2014. Hockett earned a degree in print journalism from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and works from his home in Madison, Wisconsin. He can be contacted at mike@mdm.com.


Sent in by Rey at The Unofficial World of Nintendo!!! This may be a little tough to do, but it's worth it, and you save a lot of money. Plus, you can get the chance of getting both the packs, but I'm not sure about the 3rd level parts. Anyway, this is how it goes. First, start a new game a pick any model you want.
Sent in by Rey Don't go into the shop until you get to the General. If you can beat him with the normal parts, that's fine. If not, go into the shop once and buy a level 1 part, suggesting one you use mostly for your model. After defeating the General, continue your game without going into the shop until you are asked to go to the Japanese Mansion/Castle. Let yourself be defeated once, then head into the shop. You should be the 10 millionth customer and get the free part. It's usually the power pack, but it may be different. Getting the power pack for free, again, saves you a lot of money, or at least 40,000 credits. This way you can get the healing pack as well without trying to battle every modeller to get both packs.
Sent in by Rey at The Unofficial World of Nintendo!!! These parts will make your model as strong as the prototype Axe (Mad Scientist). Here's how to get it. First, make sure you've beaten the Hyena Gang so the Mad Scientist will be in his lab. Now just keep fighting him and keep winning until he gives you all Level 4 parts. You may need Level 2 or 3 parts to defeat him. Once that's done all you'll need are the 2 packs and your power model should have full maximum power!
After defeating Ann in the Spring Tournament, go up to the alley right next to the stadium and you should find 5,000 credits. Later on, after Louis moves away and you get the Super Part, go to the other alley up next to the school, and you should find 5,000 more.
This may be a little tough to do, but it's worth it, and you save a lot of money. Plus, you can get the chance of getting both the packs, but I'm not sure about the 3rd level parts. Anyway, this is how it goes. First, start a new game a pick any model you want. Don't go into the shop until you get to the General. If you can beat him with the normal parts, that's fine. If not, go into the shop once and buy a level 1 part, suggesting one you use mostly for your model. After defeating the General, continue your game without going into the shop until you are asked to go to the Japanese Mansion/Castle. Let yourself be defeated once, then head into the shop. You should be the 10 millionth customer and get the free part. It's usually the power pack, but it may be different. Getting the power pack for free, again, saves you a lot of money, or at least 40,000 credits. This way you can get the healing pack as well without trying to battle every modeller to get both packs.
When beating the Arena Announcer, use the Axe model and do continuous death rolls. It might take some time but you get 1,000 credits for beating him.
After you defeat the gang members walking the street, go to the park. Beat the first guy, then face the colonel. When you start the fight all you can do is jump! After you lose, go to the shop. The owner will paint your model with some stuff that will help you win!


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Gecatogomphius es un género extinto de reptiles de la familia
Captorhinidae. Vivió en el Pérmico Medio (hace entre 272-268 millones de años) y sus restos fósiles se han encontrado en Rusia, en el Oblast de Kirov y la República de Tatarstán.

Descripción
Gecatogomphius se conoce a partir del holotipo PIN 1156/1, una mandíbula inferior casi completa encontrada en la orilla del río Viatka, cerca de la ciudad de Gorki en la región de Kirov y del PIN 4310/1, una placa maxilar superior encontrada en Berezovye Polyanki en Tatarstán. La parte preservada del fragmento de hueso de mandíbula tiene una longitud de 80 milímetros y se expande posteriormente para formar una superficie muy ancha que lleva cinco filas de dientes bulbosos.

Etimología
El género Gecatogomphius fue denominado por BP Vjushkov y Pjotr K. Chudinov en 1957. La especie tipo es Gecatogomphius kavejevi. El nombre del género se deriva de hecato, griego para "cien", y gomphos, griego para "clavo" o "cuña", refiriéndose al gran número de dientes de la mandíbula. El nombre de la especie kavejevi es en honor del descubridor del holotipo, el geólogo soviético Mazit S. Kaveev.

Referencias

Captorhinida
Fósiles del Pérmico


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Tomos Williams
Tomos Williams in mad dash to play derby match in the middle of being an usher at his brother's wedding
The Wales and Cardiff No. 9 had two massive engagements in his diary, but he didn't want to let anyone down
Mark Orders
Cardiff Blues scrum-half Tomos Williams (Image: Aled Llywelyn/Huw Evans Agency)
The Saturday before Christmas is hectic for many people, what with 1,001 things to sort out before the festivities can properly kick in.
But few would have been busier than Wales scrum-half Tomos Williams.
He acted as an usher at his older brother's wedding in Treorchy before heading across to Swansea and playing a key role in Cardiff Blues' 19-16 Guinness PRO14 win over the Ospreys. Then Williams drove back to the nuptials.
The match itself was dreadful, with few fluent passages and little invention from either side.
But Williams provided the one moment to remember with a sublime dink over the top off the outside of his right boot to set up a wonderful try for Jarrod Evans that the game simply didn't deserve.
Later, Blues coach John Mulvihill hailed the 24-year-old for going the extra mile for the region as they gained their first league win at the Liberty Stadium since 2005.
The Australian said: "Our full-back Matthew Morgan had joked last week that he might not be available for Christmas because of the birth of his first child, but the birth took place about three months ago, so we said: 'You are playing at Christmas'.
"Tommy had said: 'I won't be here this week because my brother's getting married'.
"We went: 'Yeah, mate, that's fine'.
"But his brother did get married today.
Tomos Williams produced a sublime moment for Cardiff Blues at the Ospreys (Image: Aled Llywelyn/Huw Evans Agency)
"So Tom wasn't at the team meeting beforehand and he wasn't on the team bus. He arrived here at the Liberty Stadium at six o'clock, barely 90 minutes before kick off.
"He had been an usher at his brother's wedding. He did it this afternoon, came and played his game and is back at the wedding now.
"That's what rugby means to him.
"He didn't want to miss this game.
"It was a fantastic effort. That's what this club means to him. He is a real competitor who wants to play every minute in every match, and he's played some good ones for us tonight."
Ospreys v Cardiff Blues ratings with Wales ace a shining light as losing streak at Liberty Stadium is finally broken
The Dragons v Scarlets ratings as Wales full-back lays down Liam Williams marker and fly-half shines
Williams received a yellow card for a high tackle at one point against the Ospreys, but there was a case for seeing him as man of the match.
"He was outstanding," said Mulvhill. "He is super-sharp in attack and defence and on both sides of the ball.
"There were even little things like keeping the ball from touch from a kick and keeping the pressure on."
Walesrugbynews
Follow @WalesRugby
Wales Rugby Team


Written on February 4, 2016 . Posted in Press Archive.
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